text:
Installing the toolkit.
You can install the SEO Toolkit from the Microsoft Web Platform Installer. Note that the SEO Toolkit is a snap-in for the IIS Management Studio, so you will need to have IIS and its various tools installed on your PC in order to use the SEO toolkit. Once you have a local version of IIS properly set up and configured, you can scan any website from your own PC.
Here is the default screen for the Web Platform Installer. As you can see, the Web Platform Installer(WPI) is divided into three sections: 'What's New', 'Web Platform' and 'Web Applications'.
The SEO toolkit can be found in the 'What's New' tab in the 'Web Platform Beta Extensions' section. This tab is selected in the above screenshot. Check the box beside 'Search Engine Optimization Toolkit Beta' and click 'Install'.
You'll see the install dialog, where the SEO toolkit and its dependencies are shown. Note that WPI does the difficult job of figuring out the dependencies for you, so you can be sure that when you install something, you get everything you need. Click 'I Accept' and you'll see the Installer in action. This installs everything that you selected and accepted in the previous steps. You'll see that there are three steps needed– the SEO toolkit and its two dependencies as seen here (IIS Management Console and WAS Configuration API).
Running the toolkit
Once you have installed, you will want to run the toolkit using Windows Vista or Windows 7. Open the start menu and then right click on the 'Computer' entry. You'll see an option called 'Manage' which allows you to launch the Computer Management Control Panel. In the left hand side panel you'll see an entry for 'Services and Applications'. Expand this and you'll see the 'Internet Information Services manager'. Select it to get access to the IIS Management toolkit.
At the bottom of this screen you'll see the 'Management' section, and the 'Search Engine Optimization' tool. Open it and you'll see a list of options that are available to you – including Site Analysis, Sitemaps and Sitemap Indexes and Robots Exclusion.We'll focus on the Site Analysis for this post – this runs an automatic analysis of your site for typical SEO violations.
Select 'Create New Analysis' and give the analysis a name and a starting URL. You'll also have options for maximum number of links etc. Keep the defaults and enter a site, like this:
When you click 'OK', the SEO Toolkit will analyze the site, looking at each link within the site and exploring the pages underneath each link.
Once the analysis is complete, the site analysis report will be presented, showing a summary of the SEO Analysis.
To see a detailed list of violations, click the Violations tab on the left. This will give you a list of the violation types, and the number of times the tool found that violation. You will see violation categories of "error", "warning" and "information". "Error" and "warning" are the highest priority.
You can double click on any of the line items to see the locations where it occurred as well as some data about it. So, for example, in this case the error 'The page contains invalid markup' occurs 303 times. Selecting it will show the list, and selecting an entry will show detail on the violation as well as a recommended action for fixing it.
Thus you can work your way through each of the SEO issues on your site using this tool, repairing them, and rerunning the tool constantly to ensure that you always have the best possible search engine placement.
Exporting your Results
The SEO toolkit will also allow you to export your results as CSV files which may be loaded and viewed in Excel or other spreadsheet software. For an example of this, take a look at the 'Violation Categories' tab. You'll see each of your violation categories listed. Here you can see my site showing 2146 various violations!
You can generate a CSV file with details of the Violation using the 'Report' button at the top of the screen. This selection will offer a comprehensive report if you choose "Export all violations". Once data is in a CSV file, you can manipulate and resave as an Excel file.
If you prefer to customize the fields that are reported, you can do this using the Query Engine use the which is available by pressing the 'Query' button at the top of the report, and selecting 'New Violations Query'.
The IIS Search Engine Optimization toolkit is a free tool from Microsoft, available as part of the Web Platform Installer. In this guide you saw how to access, install and use the toolkit. You saw how the toolkit lists SEO Violations, recommended actions for fixing them, as well as how you can generate reports on your SEO violations. We hope your search engine rankings will increase after you use this tool!


text:
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subset: commoncrawl


text: Hi, I'm a final user of Debian (desktop user). Recently, I think that it's necessary that dpkg allows to search packages like this way: dpkg -l "ldap*" -task:"database" -flavor:"unstable" -category:"non-free" where this line means that we search all packages that begins with ldap, that belong to database task, flavor unstable and category non-free. Obviously, all the three options (task, flavor, category) are optional. This will be useful for search all packages in a concrete flavor (in a system with packages or several flavours) or when we want to search all non-free packages (that simply we do with "dpkg -l "*" -category:"non-free""). This is one wish Another is that dpkg allows to search what flavours are installed on my computer (if I only have unstable packages or unstable and testing), and idem to tasks and category. I think that this two wishes are easy to implement and will be useful for users. Thank you, Xan.


text:
Setup Squad (10 x 60′) – Reality dating show that follows the 'wing' (wo)men of NYC agency, Wings, Inc. that helps hapless singles makeover their image and confidence and get dates. Features one of TVMole's ex-colleagues, the ever excellent NYC comedian Helen Hong.
Channel: Logo
Producer: Leftfield Productions
TX: 25th April 2011
Source: Cynopsis


text:
Libya Herald report claims GNC government in Tripoli has vanished
There have been a number of rumors about what is happening in Libya, some turning out to be false. An article in the Libya Herald reports that the General National Congress (GNC) government in Tripoli has virtually disintegrated.
|The Libya Herald is usually opposed to the GNC. An article by Saber Ayyub begins:
The self-styled National Salvation government appointed by the rump of the General National Congress and led by Khalifa Ghwell has not so much collapsed as completely vanished. Ghwell left Tripoli last night for Misrata. The prime ministry on the Sikka Road was taken over yesterday afternoon by members of Presidency Council's Temporary Security Committee. Its files and computers were sealed.Other reports also note that the prime ministry office was taken over.
Sheikh Al-Gharyani also called for amendment to the security arrangement article so that it excludes killers and oppressors who shed the innocents' blood, in reference to Khalifa Haftar and his army.Such an amendment would infuriate Haftar supporters and would never be passed.
The Misratans also reportedly visited Martyrs' Square where Misratan militia leader Salah Badi had been holding an anti-Serraj demo. " They told him to go home," said the source "and he did".There is a considerable amount of psychological warfare going on and until other sources verify this account it remains unsubstantiated. Even so, the GNA is meeting with the Central Bank head, who is cooperating with the GNA in what appears to be a deliberate attempt to disrupt financial services and starve the GNC of funds.
Kobler confirmed that he had just returned from Istanbul where he had met with members of political parties including Belhaj where he said he urged them to use their influence to call for the peaceful transition to the GNA.


text:
Contact Info / Websites
- MrDirp123
Recent Audio Reviews
MMX 2A03: Spark Mandrill
Rated 4 / 5 stars
Great but you go over the 4 channel limit of 8-bit music. I wish you used 8-bit drum too.
Mega Man X2 | Zero's Theme v3
Rated 5 / 5 stars
This is so amazing. You are a metal lord!
I bow down!
PS if you are a megaman fan you should play my game! Check my submissions.
DarKsidE555 responds:
Naaa, just your average guitar player from good ol germany. There are far better guitarists here on NG then me.
Anyways, glad you enjoyed it and I'll look into your game when I get the time! :)


text:
In My Mother's Arms Trailer (2011)
13 September 2011 Drama, Factual, Family 82 mins
In My Mother's Arms follows several children who live and study in the same room of a small rented house. These are forgotten children whose parents have been killed or kidnapped. They have no one to support them but Husham, a student who works tirelessly to protect them from the dangers of the streets of Baghdad. The landlord demands they vacate his house and now the only sanctuary these children have ever known is about to be lost.
Watch the official In My Mother's Arms 2011 trailer in HD below or find more In My Mother's Arms videos on Vidimovie.


text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Publication date
|Apr 11, 1972
|Filing date
|Oct 20, 1969
|Priority date
|Oct 20, 1969
|Publication number
|Sterling Henley Frank, Swann Richard Charles George
|Original Assignee
|Int Standard Electric Corp
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (6), Referenced by (54), Classifications (23)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
United States Patent Sterling et a1. [45] Apr. 11, 1972 [54] METHOD OF FORMING SILICON OXIDE COATINGS IN AN ELECTRIC References Cited DISCHARGE UNITED STATES PATENTS [721 Invemm "9 Frank Sterling Ware, England; 3,473,959 10/1969 Ehinger et a1 ..117/201 Rwhard Charles George Swami, North 3,177,100 4/1965 Mayer et a1 ..117/106 x Palm Beach, 3,108,900 10/1963 Papp ..117/93.1 3,337,438 8/1967 Gobeli et a1. ..204/ 164 [73] Ass'gnee' i 'gfi fi' if'hl fi f 'i Electric 3,049,488 8/1962 Jackson et al. .....204/312 3,275,408 9/1966 Winterbum ..117/93.1 [22] Filed: Oct. 20, I969 Primary Examiner-william L. Jarvis [21] App1.No.. 867,472 Attomey-C. Cornell Remsen,.1r., Walter]. Baum, Charles L. Related Application Data Johnson, Jr., Philip M. Bolton and Isidore Togut [63] Continuation-impart of Ser. No. 452,487, May 3, [57] ABSTRACT 1965 This is a method of depositing a coherent solid layer of an oxide of silicon deposited upon a surface of a substrate by [52] US. Cl. ..117/201, 1 17/93.1 GD, 220614139122, establishing a glow discharge adjacent to said surface in an a mosphere containing a gaseous compound of the element or [51] Int. Cl ..H0lb1/04,B44d1/34,B44d1/02 1 ts th m t L [58] Field 61 Search ..1 17/201, 93.1; 219/75,76; amen compnsmg e a ma 204/ 1 64, 192, 312 7 Claims, 2 Drawing Figures PATENTEDAPR 11 ma 3,655,438
Inventors F, STERLING R. C. G. SWAN/V Bygtwka Allorney BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION This invention relates to methods of depositing coherent solid layers of material upon a surface of a substrate.
The invention consists in a method of depositing upon a sur face of a substrate a coherent solid layer of a material comprising an element or an inorganic compound, by establishing a plasma adjacent to the said surface in an atmosphere containing as gaseous compounds the element or elements comprising the material.
Plasma is defined as a state within a gas in which equal numbers of oppositely charged particles are to be found.
- The plasma may be established by a variety of methods, but it is preferred to apply an electric field to establish the plasma, utilizing a voltage which alternates at a radio frequency.
The surface on which the layer is deposited may be unheated andcontinuous coherent layers are obtained which are glassy and/or amorphous in form.
However, in some cases it is advantageous or desirable to heat the surface in order to improve the bonding within the layer, to obtain a particular crystalline form within the layer, or to prevent water or OH groups being included in the layer, for instance, in a deposited silica film.
The surface may be cooled in order to obtain a particular crystalline or amorphous form in the layer.
The production of a deposited layer from the gas phase on to a surface by the use of high temperatures, 500 to l,200 C., of the surface to supply thermally the energy required to form the material of the layers is known.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of this invention to provide for an improved method of depositing materials onto a substrate.
According to a broad aspect of this invention, there is provided a method of depositing an electrically insulating amorphous coherent solid layer of an oxide of silicon upon a surface of a substrate from a gaseous atmosphere comprising a mixture of a hydride of silicon and a source of oxygen, said substrate being maintained during said deposition at a temperature not exceeding 350 C., said temperature being below the temperature necessary to thermally induce deposition of an oxide of silicon on said substrate, the activating energy for said deposition being supplied by establishing a glow discharge adjacent to said surface, said layer being deposited on said surface from said discharge.
ln the present invention where a surface is heated, the temperature of the surface on which deposition occurs is either insufficient to contribute any significant thermal energy to initiate the gas plasma deposition of the layer, or the temperature is of such a degree as to produce a deposited layer which is not of the same physical structure as that obtained by the gas plasma initiation.
Organic or inorganic compounds may be used as the starting materials for obtaining the deposited layer, but it is preferred to use inorganic compounds particularly where very high purity is required in the deposited layer, due to the possibility of organic radicals or even carbon being included in the layer.
The deposition may be carried out at any pressure, providing other parameters, such as voltage frequency are adjusted accordingly, but it is preferred to carry out the deposition at a pressure below normal atmospheric pressure, for example in the range of 0.1 to l torr.
An application of the present invention is to obtain particular layer qualities for thin film and solid state devices with the least possible application of heat, and enables comparable or better results to be obtained than with the high temperature chemical processes.
Another application is to utilize properties of certain of the layers, such as high scratch resistance and imperrneability, in the formation of protective coatings on a wide range of items, to be described later in the specification.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 shows apparatus for producing silicon and other layers; and
FIG. 2 shows apparatus for producing silica and other layers.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Referring now to FIG. 1, a storage cylinder 1 is connected to a reaction chamber 2 of dielectric material via a flowmeter 3. The chamber 2 is evacuated by a vacuum pump 4, and a pressure regulator 5 and manometer 6 are provided to control the chamber pressure. A high impedance R.F. power source is connected to a coil 8 surrounding the chamber 2 in which is positioned a substrate 9 on which the layer is to be deposited.
The substrate 9 may be selected from a wide range of materials, for example, a glass microscope slide, a strip or sheet of plastic film, a liquid mercury surface, an optical element such as a lens or prism, the surface of a semiconductor device, a metal plate or body such as molybdenum, a polished silicon slice, or a plastic body.
The substrate 9 may be unheated, in which case it will be at the ambient temperature, e.g., 18 C., or maintained at either a lower or an elevated temperature, the elevated temperature being consistent with the nature of the substrate material, and below the temperature which is necessary to effect any significant thermal dissociation of the contents of the cylinder 1. The temperature of the substrate determines the physical nature of the deposited layer, e.g., whether the layer is amorphous or crystalline in form.
On cold substrates, newly arrived atoms are frozen and cannot move appreciably. -The possibility then exists of the deposition of materials in a metastable form by this vaporquenching process. This can be. compared with the coevaporation of alloy components in vacuum to prepare alloys in a form which violates the equilibrium phase diagram.
The cylinder 1 or other appropriate container or source contains a chemical compound of the material to form the deposited layer. This chemical compound is either a gas, or a volatile solid which has a suitable vapor pressure to be in vapor form at the method operating pressure, which is generally but not necessarily at a reduced pressure. The vapor of the solid may be carried in to the reaction chamber by a suitable carrier gas.
When the deposited layer is to consist of a single chemical element such as silicon, molybdenum, tin or germanium, the chemical compound used as the starting material is typically a hydride of the element. When the deposited layer is to consist of a chemical compound such as silicon carbide, the starting material is a different chemical compound containing all the constituent elements required to form the deposited layer compound. For a silicon carbide layer, a suitable starting material is methyl silane.
Energization of the coil 8 produces a plasma in the low pressure gas in the chamber 2, and the energy necessary to initiate the chemical reaction to dissociate the starting compound is obtained from the electric field set up by the coil 8. The plasma is initiated by a capacitive effect between the coil 8 and an earth formed for example by metal of the equipment frame and chamber supporting base. Once initiated, inductive energization also occurs. The interposition of a Faraday screen stops the reaction.
Control of the plasma is effected by a magnetic field set up by magnets 10, which may be permanent magnets or electromagnets. The magnetic field may be such as to concentrate the deposition in a particular area, or to cause the deposition to be evenly spread over the substrate.
The plasma can exhibit a characteristic glow discharge, but under some conditions of operation best deposition conditions may be obtained when no glow is visible to the naked eye even in the dark. Some effect is known to be present, however, because deposition only occurs when the RF. source is energized.
Using the apparatus shown in FIG. 1, with a power source 7 of l kilowatt and a source voltage selected from the range of 2 to kilovolts, layers are deposited as detailed in the examples now given.
Example 1. Layer material silicon. Using pure silane in the cylinder 1 as the starting material, the system pressure is reduced to 0.2 torr and the silane flow rate adjusted to 2 ml/min. through the reaction chamber which is a fused quartz tube or 1 inch diameter. With a supply frequency of 0.5 Mc/sec., silicon is deposited as a coherent amorphous layer on to an unheated substrate 9 at a rate of 3 microns/hour.
Example 2. Layer material silicon. Using silane in the cylinder 1 as the starting material, the system pressure is reduced to 0.3 torr, and the silane flow rate adjusted to 4.5 ml/min. through the reaction chamber which is a glass bell jar of 3 inches diameter sealed to a metal base. With a supply frequency of 4 Mc/sec., silicon is deposited as a coherent amorphous layer on to an unheated substrate at a rate of 3 microns/hour.
Layers of silicon prepared in the way described in the above two examples exhibit normal interference colors when thin. As growth progresses the layer darkens until transparency ceases and after further deposition the layer assumes the metallic lustre associated with massive silicon. Adherence and bonding to the substrate are excellent.
The silicon layer when laid down on an unheated substrate is amorphous or vitreous in form and is highly insulating, having a resistivity comparable with pure silica, and it follows that an application for this layer is to utilize its insulating properties. Other applications are for surface passivation, filters, and for surface protection. In these latter applications the substrate may be at a lowered or an elevated temperature in order to determine the physical nature of the silicon layer.
In the epitaxial deposition of silicon by conventional thermal deposition methods, there is a lower temperature limit, about 850 C., at which epitaxial (single crystal) growth no longer occurs. However, by combining the plasma deposition method with the thermal deposition method, the lower temperature limit set in the thermal method can be reduced, to about 650 C. which is the substrate temperature, with the extra energy required being available from the plasma to effect the necessary physical and chemical changes.
Example 3. Layer material molybdenum. Using molybdenum carbonyl, which is a solid, as the starting material in a glass container maintained at 25 C., when the vapor pressure of molybdenum carbonyl is 0.1 torr, hydrogen carrier gas is flowed over the molybdenum carbonyl and through the system at a rate such as to bring the system pressure to 8 torr. The reaction chamber is a glass Petrie dish sealed upside down onto a metal base provided with inlet and outlet to the enclosed volume within the dish. A spirally wound conductor or a solid circular plate on the top of the dish, and the metal base, form the input means for the supply at a frequency of 4 Mc/sec. Molybdenum is deposited on the inner upper surface of the dish.
For the preparation of a deposited germanium layer, the starting compound is a hydride of germanium (germane) and for the preparation of a deposited tin layer, the starting compound is a hydride of tin (stannane). System pressure, flow rates and supply frequency are of the same order as those already given.
The germanium layer may be laid down on an unheated substrate, or on to a substrate at a temperature (up to 400 C.). The applications of the layers so produced are as for the silicon layers.
The tin layer may be laid down on an unheated substrate, or on to a substrate at a lower or an elevated temperature (above C. some thermal decomposition will take place). Typical applications for the tin layers are for contacts, conducting paths, micro-circuit manufacture.
Metal layers from an organo-metal compound, as typified by the deposition of molybdenum from molybdenum carbonyl, may be formed for example as decorative, printed circuit or contact layers.
A further material which may be deposited by the plasma method is silicon carbide from a starting compound of methyl silane. Another material is selenium from a starting compound of a hydride of selenium (H Se), and yet another material is tellurium from a hydride of tellurium (H Te).
Referring now to FIG. 2, a first storage cylinder 11 is connected to a reaction chamber 12 of dielectric material via a flowmeter 13, and a second storage cylinder 14 is connected to the chamber 12 via a flowmeter 15. The chamber 12 is evacuated by a vacuum pump 16, and a pressure regulator 17 and manometer 18 are provided to control the chamber pressure. A high impedance R.F. power source 19 is connected to plates 20, which may be of aluminum foil bonded to the outside of the chamber walls, or a capacitive input may be provided by a cylindrical metal mesh around the chamber forming one input, the other input being formed by the metal base of the equipment. Inside the chamber is a substrate 21 on which the layer is to be deposited. Magnets 22 are provided for the establishment of a plasma controlling field.
The cylinder 11, or other suitable container or source, contains a chemical compound of one of the elements to form the deposited layer, and the cylinder 14 contains a chemical compound of the other of the elements to 'form the deposited layer. Each chemical compound is either a gas, or a volatile solid having a suitable vapor pressure to be in vapor form at the method operating pressure, which is generally but not necessarily at a reduced pressure. The vapor of the solid may be carried into the reaction chamber by a suitable carrier gas.
The substrate 21 may be selected from a wide range of materials, such as already listed in that part of the description relating to FIG. 1.
Using the apparatus shown in FIG. 2 with a power source of l kilowatt, layers are deposited as detailed in the examples now given.
Example 1. Layer material silica (silicon dioxide). Using pure silane in cylinder 11 and pure nitrous oxide in cylinder 14, the system pressure is reduced to 0.4 torr, and the gas flow rates adjusted to 1 ml/min. for the silane and 3 ml/min for the nitrous oxide. The reaction chamber is a 1 inch diameter fused quartz tube, and with a supply frequency of 0.5 Mc/sec., silica is deposited at a rate of 4 microns/hour.
The substrate 21 may be unheated, or at an elevated temperature, e.g., 200 or 350 C., to ensure that water is excluded from the deposited silica layer. As an alternative to nitrous oxide, either carbon dioxide or water vapor may be used to provide the source of oxygen.
The silica is deposited in a well-bonded glassy form and is highly scratch resistant and hard. Typical applications of the silica layers are for surface passivation, surface protection, in particular surface protection of optical elements such as lenses or prisms of glass or other materials, and for special glasses.
Example 2. Layer material silicon nitride. Pure silane in cylinder 11, anhydrous ammonia (hydride of nitrogen) in cylinder 14, reaction chamber a 1 inch diameter fused quartz tube, silane flow rate 0.25 ml/min. ammonia flow rate 0.75 ml/min. system pressure 0.3 torr, supply frequency 1 Mc/sec. substrate temperature 300 C., deposition rate 1 micron/hour.
Example 3. Layer material silicon nitride. Pure silane in cylinder 11, anhydrous ammonia in cylinder 14, reaction chamber a 3 inch diameter glass bell jar sealed to a metal base, silane flow rate 4.5 ml/min. ammonia flow rate 12 ml/min. system pressure 0.3 torr substrate temperature 200 C., supply frequency 4 Mc/sec., deposition rate 3 microns/hour.
Silicon nitride layers laid down as described in the above two examples and subsequently heat-treated at temperatures nzna of 700 to 900 C., or laid down at these temperatures, become extremely chemically resistant. The silicon nitride layers have been found to be extremely hard, scratch and acid resistant when deposited'at 300 C. or more, and therefore have great potential in the field of surface protection. The properties of the layers have been investigated both chemically and physically.
The dielectric constant of such a layer is between 7.0 and 10.0. The dielectric strength of 1 micron thick layers is in excess of 5 X volts per cm.
Thus silicon nitride layers obtained by this method are eminently suitable for use as the dielectric material in capacitors. The capacitor contacts are applied by evaporation of metal or other known processes.
The refractive index of the silicon nitride (n) is 2.1 by ellipsometer measurements.
The silicon nitride (Si N layers formed by the plasma method at room temperatures (of the substrate) suffer some chemical attack by HF/HNO mixtures, but become extremely chemically resistant to all alkali and acid etches including HF/HNO mixture when laid down, or subsequently raised to, the elevated temperatures. The layers are also impermeable to gas and water vapor.
The silicon nitride is formed by the radio frequency discharge reaction of a mixture of silane and ammonia, i.e., silicon hydride and nitrogen hydride. These gases normally show no thermally induced deposition of silicon nitride up to temperatures of l,000 C., and previous attempts at preparing layers of silicon nitride seem to have been unsuccessful.
The silicon nitride layers have application in providing a protective surface coating on a body or article of a relatively soft and/or readily damaged material.
One category of such articles is to be found in plastic ware, for example in the large range of plastic domestic items on which it would be advantageous to provide a thin protective strongly adherent coating.
Another category of such articles is to be found in semiconductor devices such as transistors where surface protection is required.
On the surface of optical elements the silicon nitride layers can be used for protective or blooming purposes.
Set out in the list below are examples of further layers which may be deposited by the apparatus of FIG. 2, with gas flow Germane ammonia.
Diborane or decaborane ammonia.
Digallane ammonia.
Digallane arsine.
Aluminum trimethyl or aluminum ethoxide nitrous oxide or water vapor. Alternative preparation as for the four oxides below.
A volatile halide of the metal, such as titanium tetrachloride water vapor or nitrous oxide.
Germanium nitride Boron nitride Gallium nitride Gallium arsenide Aluminum oxide Tantalum oxide Titanium oxide Zirconium oxide Niobium oxide Where deposited layers are to be formed of three chemical elements, the apparatus to be used will be similar to that shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, except that there will be three separate cylinders or other containers for the respective starting compounds each containing one of the required elements of the layer.
Examples of such three element layers are silicon oxynitride (for example Si N O) from silane a hydride of nitrogen carbon dioxide, and borosilicate glass from diborane silane +nitrous oxide,
Typical applications for the layers of borostlicate glass include the formation of insulating layers on metallic surfaces, for example in micro-circuit manufacture, use as capacitor dielectric material, and surface protection of semiconductor devices.
Although in all of the above described layer preparations, a radio frequency source is specified, i.e., the frequency is above 10 kilocycles/sec., frequencies as low as 50 cycles/sec. have been used, and in theory it should be possible to go right down to zero frequency, i.e., do At the lower frequencies such as 50 cycles/sec., electrodes in contact with the gaseous atmosphere have to be used to couple in the electric field to establish the plasma.
The applied voltage, frequency, system pressure and gas flow rates are all inter-dependent, but may be varied over a wide range consistent with the basic requirement of establishing the plasma. Thus for a higher pressure the voltage and/or frequency will have to be raised. Conversely for lower pressures the voltage and/or frequency may be reduced.
Selective deposition of any of the layers may be obtained by the use of suitable "in-contact masks. Although the gaseous atmosphere may tend to creep between the underside of the mask and the substrate surface, no deposition occurs under the mask. It is believed that metal masks have the effect of locally inhibiting the action of the plasma and thus preventing deposition under the mask.
We claim:
1. A method of depositing an electrically insulating amorphous coherent solid layer of an oxide of silicon upon a surface of a substrate from a gaseous atmosphere comprising a mixture of a hydride of silicon and a source of oxygen, said substrate being maintained during said deposition at a temperature not exceeding 350 C., said temperature being below the temperature necessary to thermally induce deposition of an oxide of silicon on said substrate, the activating energy for said deposition being supplied by establishing a glow discharge adjacent to said surface, said layer being deposited on said surface from said discharge.
2. A method as claimed in claim 1 wherein said source of oxygen is provided by a substance selected from the group consisting of nitrous oxide, carbon dioxide, and water vapor.
3. A method as claimed in claim 1 wherein said substrate surface is unheated.
4. A method as claimed in claim 1 wherein said discharge is initiated by exciting said gaseous atmosphere with an applied electric field, said electric field being applied by an alternating voltage at an RF. frequency.
5. A method as claimed in claim 1 wherein said discharge is initiated by exciting said gaseous atmosphere with an applied electric field, said electric field being applied by a capacitance means.
6. A method as claimed in claim 1 wherein said oxide of silicon is silicon dioxide in which silane and nitrous oxide are flowed through a reaction chamber formed by a 1 inch diameter dielectric tube at a rate of 1 ml/min. and 3 ml/min., respectively, and at a pressure of 0.4 torr, and in which the discharge is established by an electric field applied by a voltage alternating at a frequency of l megacycle per second.
7. A method as claimed in claim 1 wherein said oxide of silicon is silicon monoxide.
|Cited Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|Jan 11, 1960
|Aug 14, 1962
|Ici Ltd
|Method of conducting gaseous chemical reactions
|Apr 13, 1959
|Oct 29, 1963
|Cornelius A Papp
|Apparatus and process for producing coatings on metals
|Sep 9, 1963
|Apr 6, 1965
|Rca Corp
|Depositing epitaxial layer of silicon from a vapor mixture of sih4 and h3
|Jan 6, 1964
|Sep 27, 1966
|Thermal Syndicate Ltd
|Methods for the production of vitreous silica
|Oct 23, 1963
|Aug 22, 1967
|Bell Telephone Labor Inc
|Stabilization of silicon semiconductor surfaces
|Aug 2, 1965
|Oct 21, 1969
|Licentia Gmbh
|Method for coating semiconductors and apparatus
|Citing Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|Sep 26, 1972
|Jul 16, 1974
|Celanese Corp
|Method for plasma treatment of substrates
|Dec 29, 1972
|Jul 1, 1975
|Chemical sputtering purification process
|Jan 10, 1975
|Sep 6, 1977
|Airco, Inc.
|Method for coating a substrate
|Dec 17, 1975
|Jan 3, 1978
|Lfe Corportion
|Apparatus for depositing dielectric films using a glow discharge
|Sep 19, 1977
|Mar 20, 1979
|U.S. Philips Corporation
|Method of producing internally coated glass tubes for the drawing of fiber-optic light conductors
|Nov 15, 1976
|Oct 9, 1979
|Etlin Vladimir N
|Apparatus for electrostatic deposition
|Jul 24, 1978
|May 13, 1980
|Rca Corporation
|Updateable optical storage medium
|Dec 5, 1977
|Oct 7, 1980
|Plasma Physics Corporation
|Method of forming semiconducting materials and barriers
|Mar 6, 1979
|Nov 11, 1980
|Etlin Vladimir N
|Electrostatic coating method
|Jan 23, 1980
|Aug 4, 1981
|The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force
|High absorption coating
|May 5, 1980
|Sep 29, 1981
|Northern Telecom Limited
|Manufacture of an optical fiber preform with micro-wave plasma activated deposition in a tube
|Feb 25, 1980
|Mar 2, 1982
|Rca Corporation
|Semiconductor device having a body of amorphous silicon and method of making the same
|Oct 24, 1979
|May 4, 1982
|Plasma Physics Corp.
|Method of forming semiconducting materials and barriers
|Sep 29, 1980
|Jun 22, 1982
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|U.S. Classification
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification


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Rooms, services Welcome to Stork Nest Inn Smithers! We hope you will be satisfied the offers of the hotel, and will be happy to choose it as a resort to stay at. The hotel is offering 23 tasfefully furnished, nice rooms for those looking for a place to stay at in Smithers. An exact and detailed list of equipment in the rooms and of the services provided by Stork Nest Inn Smithers you will find on the information sheet below, including any applicable additional fees.
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text:
There's no denying that many of the cement pits and plazas built these days are amazing. But there remains a frightening trend of garbage parks being plopped, dookie-style, into towns all over the world. Beyond just eyesores, these Monuments of Suck have real consequences. They actually discourage skating and can kill a town's scene before it even gets started; the abortion of stoke. We're aware that one man's shitty park is another guy's skate kingdom, but here's some real Debbie Downers from the November Thrasher, plus a bunch more.
All you need is a pair of functioning eyeballs or half a brain to see why these parks bite, but here's our Rating System.
This is the worst park we've seen, bar none. Well, technically there's two bars. But they both suck. Congratulations and our sincere condolences go to Ben Milon for having to deal with this park in St. Leonards, Australia. A Thrasher package is heading your way.
Circling the toilet bowl of despair—behold the wimpiest pit of all time.
Got quick feet? Not quick enough to get a line at this lousy slab.
The Halfpipe Hall of Shame is where atrocious transitions go to die.
Tragedy of the Commons: Lots of cement, not a clue what to do with it.
If one suicide-ledge is good, make it five and have a waterfall of death. Even Gnar King Cole wouldn't touch this.
Geez, you're acting like you've never seen $110,000 in taxpayers' money at work before. Remember, it's "for the kids."
These already made the rounds online, but their bogusness requires one more look.
"Why you no skate?" Precision German engineering takes a nosedive in this Berlin horror show.
Huge metal Hubbas with no run-up will have you feeling blue.
Get your ducks in a row in the Land of the Lost. Honestly, someone should go to jail for this.
Granted, this shot was taken after the Vancouver riots. But still, this plaza is pure Zurrp.
We don't know what planet this is on, but there's no signs of intelligent life.
This circle jerk must be a place for teenagers to smoke cigarettes, because no skating's gonna happen here.
These park-builders/brain surgeons had two different designs and said "Fuck it, let's combine them together!"
At least you can practice your frontside AND backside boardslides.
"Bank to ledge" usually means fun, low-impact sessions. Unless you're Omar Salazar, this one will eat you alive.
This knee-high bummer starts off strange and gets weirder the more you look at it.
We've been told this rough ground can barely be rolled on, which makes it ass-fault, not asphalt.
Email us photos of any Certified Piece of Suck skatepark designs that you know of: [email protected] (300dpi, 5 inches wide)
Skateboard HieroglyphicsAncient Egypt is known for Pyramids, Pharaohs, and mummies. Our research of their mysterious written language also indicates they had a ripping skate scene with unique hazards.
Ryan Maddox: King of PhotograffitiMan, we love those two pages in the back of the mag. Getting skate photos from different scenes around the world is a blast. Ryan has had more pics published in Photo-G than anyone so we figured we'd finally get to know the guy.
Zorchémon Go: The Skate GameLike an infectious, untreatable disease, that one phone app where you hunt down invisible monsters went viral like the Black Plague. Here's our version where you snoop around for skate critters.
Future Islands InterviewThis band had a long-time cult following and blew up the last couple of years. Austyn Gillette and David Letterman may have helped, but mostly the tunes did all the work.
Certified Piece of Suck: Santa Clara, UtahWhen the park sucks this bad you have to get creative. The PC crew turns crap into gold in Santa Clara, Utah.


text:
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Morisey Early Origins
Sligo (Irish: Sligeach), in the province of Connacht in Northwestern Ireland.
Morisey Spelling Variations
Morisey Spelling Variations
The Middle Ages saw a great number of spelling variations for surnames common to the Irish landscape. One reason for these variations is the fact that surnames were not rigidly fixed by this period. The following variations for the name Morisey were encountered in the archives: Morrissey, O'Morrissey and others.
Morisey Early History
Morisey Early History
This web page shows only a small excerpt of our Morisey research. Another 371 words (26 lines of text) are included under the topic Early Morisey History in all our PDF Extended History products and printed products wherever possible.
Morisey Early Notables (pre 1700)
Morisey Early Notables (pre 1700)
More information is included under the topic Early Morisey Notables in all our PDF Extended History products and printed products wherever possible.
The Great Migration
The Great Migration
In the 19th century, thousands of Irish left their English-occupied homeland for North America. Like most new world settlers, the Irish initially settled on the eastern shores of the continent but began to move westward with the promise of owning land. The height of this Irish migration came during the Great Potato Famine of the late 1840s. With apparently nothing to lose, Irish people left on ships bound for North America and Australia. Unfortunately a great many of these passengers lost their lives - the only thing many had left - to disease, starvation, and accidents during the long and dangerous journey. Those who did safely arrive in "the land of opportunities" were often used for the hard labor of building railroads, coal mines, bridges, and canals. The Irish were critical to the quick development of the infrastructure of the United States and Canada. Passenger and immigration lists indicate that members of the Morisey family came to North America quite early:
Morisey Settlers in United States in the 18th Century
Morisey Historic Events
Morisey Historic Events
HMAS Sydney II
The motto was originally a war cry or slogan. Mottoes first began to be shown with arms in the 14th and 15th centuries, but were not in general use until the 17th century. Thus the oldest coats of arms generally do not include a motto. Mottoes seldom form part of the grant of arms: Under most heraldic authorities, a motto is an optional component of the coat of arms, and can be added to or changed at will; many families have chosen not to display a motto.
Motto: Si Deus nobiscum qui contra nos
Motto Translation: If God be with us, who can be against us.
Morisey Family Crest Products
Morisey Family Crest Products
See Also
See Also
Other References
The Morisey Family Crest was acquired from the Houseofnames.com archives. The Morisey Family Crest was drawn according to heraldic standards based on published blazons. We generally include the oldest published family crest once associated with each surname.
This page was last modified on 13 November 2014 at 16:21.
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Eijkelkamp can not be summarized on one simple page. That is why we wrote this Company Story. You will find, short and to the point, a large number of events and things worth knowing that made the company what it is today: Royal Eijkelkamp. Water makes a difference worldwide by developing, producing and delivering solutions for soil and water projects. Eijkelkamp Soil & ...
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Contaminant Control, Inc. (CCI) was founded in response to growing concerns and governmental regulations regarding environmental contaminants and the need for qualified and experienced companies to manage these issues. Since our inception in 1989, CCI has effectively addressed these concerns by catering our services based on the specific needs of each individual client.
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econ industries offers solutions for the treatment of industrial wastes and contaminated soil. Our VacuDry technology separates harmful substances from the solid material with heat and vacuum in a fully encapsulated system. Regarding energy efficiency and carbon emissions, this method is far superior to other thermal desorption techniques and is accepted as state of the ...
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Nature cooperative focused company with a downstream mind set for various environmental issues. Bioremediation, landfill leachate treatment, green remediation, phytoremediation, constructed wetlands, design and build, hydrocarbon contamination remediation, in situ, composting, beneficial use programs and recycling initiatives. We find great pleasure in working with ...
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The British Society of Soil Science (BSSS) or `BS cubed` as it is fondly known was founded in 1947 by a number of eminent British soil scientists. It was formed with the aims: to advance the study of soil; to be open to membership from all those with an interest in the study and uses of soil; and to issue an annual publication. Nowadays BSSS is an established ...
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STRUCTURAL SOILS LTD is a site investigation contractor that since 1964 has provided comprehensive site and ground investigation services including soil, rock and material testing, geotechnical consultancy and contaminated land assessment to clients in the UK and Europe. The company is based in Bristol, with branch offices in Castleford, Hemel Hempstead and Glasgow.
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Soil and Process Waste Contamination is a serious problem. Don't make your cleanup project more complicated and expensive than it needs to be. Contact Soil Solutions about economical, quick and effective treatment options customized to your specific site needs. Soil Solutions makes it easy for you to meet state, federal and local requirements. With a treatment that is ...
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DIEMME Soil Washing S.r.l propose innovative Soil Washing solutions, in observance of quality, safety and environment protection principles which only a company of great technical tradition can assure.
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Soil and Dust Solutions Provides Engineered Solutions for Productivity & Efficiency in the Road Construction and Dust Control industrySoil Solutions is the leading global provider of Engineered Solutions™ and total turnkey services for road construction, dust control, and erosion control, throughout several different industries.Experienced and Professional and we have a ...
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At SESL, we deliver results supported by industry-respected technical expertise and experience. Sydney Environmental and Soil Laboratory was established in 1983 as an independent soil consultancy and laboratory. SESL's range of services and client base covers a broad range of industries. SESL provides independent laboratory testing and consulting services to: Agriculture ...
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TRS Group, Inc. is the world's most experienced provider of Electrical Resistance Heating (ERH) for in situ soil and groundwater remediation. TRS has applied ERH on over 130 projects. TRS consistently meets and surpasses our client's objectives, providing rapid closure to sites that have often attempted other remediation technologies without success. With offices ...
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SCP provides a full range of professional services for your environmental needs. These services include things like Phase I, II, III ESA, litigation support, EMS solutions, Environmental Monitoring, Training, Soil Investigations, hydrogeological studies, decommissioning, and many others.
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AMS, Inc. manufactures hand augers, soil probes, core samplers, sludge and sediment samplers, gas vapor probes. AMS PowerProbes can be mounted on pick-up trucks, tracks, or trailers, and have gained widespread acceptance due to their versatility, relatively low cost, and ease of mobility. They are designed to be used for: soil, soil gas, and groundwater sampling and ...
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At Carus Corporation we manufacture quality products to help our customers solve environmental concerns. Our vision reflects a long-term commitment to serve our customers. Carus supports Responsible Care® - an initiative that fosters involvement in the community and continuous improvement in environment, health, security, and safety. VISION: "To be a leader in providing ...
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We specialise in removing contamination issues, whether that involves the remediation of contaminated soil and groundwater, responding to oil spills, or treating invasive weed species, we've got the experience to deal with them and the commitment and quality to provide a great service. We've remediated all sizes of site and helped many clients, trust us when we say that ...
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The Civil War in Mississippi
This regiment was organized early in 1862, for three years or the war, extra to the requisitions upon the State for infantry. It is numbered consecutively with the infantry regiments. The original officers -- Starke, Ferguson and Jones -- were commissioned February 24, 1862; the regiment was reported May 14 in camp at Jackson, where it was organized. Colonel Starke was a man of prominence, who had been the Whig candidate for Congress in 1846, to succeed Col. Jefferson Davis. He had organized a cavalry company in his home county, Bolivar, early in 1861. Samuel Wragg Ferguson, Lieutenant-Colonel, was a native of South Carolina, graduate of West Point, who resigned a Second Lieutenancy in the First Dragoons, United States Army, to enter the Confederate service. As a Brigadier-General he was associated with Mississippi troops throughout the war. The first active service of the regiment was occasioned by the naval attack on Vicksburg, beginning in May, 1862. Five companies of Starke's Cavalry reinforced Gen. M. L. Smith, at Vicksburg, and were posted to watch the flanks along the Yazoo and below Warrenton on the Mississippi. In June the Secretary of War countermanded order that Capt. W. H. Johnson, stationed on the Big Black River, should burn all cotton in reach, whether liable to fall into enemy's hands or not. Regiment reported 462 present, troops of Gen. M. L. Smith, August 27, 1862.
Later the regiment was at Camp Burrus, in Bolivar County. They operated along the river and in the swampy country, where many contracted fever. September, 436 present; 865 present and absent
There is a Federal report of an expedition from the Missouri shore to Bolivar County and a skirmish with four companies of Bolivar County troops, near Totten's plantation, Coahoma County, August 2, 1862. September 14, part, at least, of the regiment was in a skirmish near Prentiss, Bolivar County; September 19 they attacked some transports at Niblett's landing on the Mississippi, opposite Island No. 10. Thence they returned to Camp Burrus and from there moved to Panola. In October Colonel Starke was ordered, with his own and Major Blythe's command, to attack a Federal force opposite Helena, but no action appears to have resulted.
Company I, Captain Johnson, was at Vicksburg in December, 1862, and took part in the Chickasaw Bayou campaign, while the remainder of the regiment, according to Federal reports, was engaged with Steele's expedition from Helena, in the vicinity of Panola, in the same month. In January, 1863, the regiment was assigned with Pinson's and Ballentine's Regiments, to the First (Cosby's) Brigade of Gen. W. T. Martin's Division of the cavalry under General VanDorn, about 7,500 strong, which made the campaign in Middle Tennessee early in 1863, supporting General Bragg's army, then on the Shelbyville line. Starke's Regiment moved from Okolona to Columbia, Tenn., in February, about 625 strong. They were present at the battle of Thompson's Station, March 5, but held in reserve; were in the skirmish with Minty's Cavalry at Thompson's Station, March 9, and actively engaged in the attack on Franklin, April 10. Gen. Granger reported that the Fortieth Ohio Infantry, after a stubborn fight, "was finally forced to fall back through the town to the river, and it was followed by a part of the Twenty-eighth Mississippi Cavalry, under command of Major Edward P. Jones. But few of this regiment who came into town returned." The regiment suffered a heavy loss in killed, wounded and captured. In General Orders, April 10, 1863, Gen. W. H. Jackson mentioned "the gallant and meritorious conduct of officers and men of the Twenty-eighth Mississippi Cavalry, in the charge upon Franklin today. When ordered to charge into the town, they did so promptly at their swiftest speed, and although in the face of the enemy's batteries and houses lined with sharpshooters, they drove everything resistlessly before them and pushed their victorious columns to the bank of the Harpeth River, killing and wounding a considerable number of the enemy, and upon returning formed in good order in an open field in easy range and under the well-directed fire of the enemy's heavy guns. To show the danger to which they were exposed, attention is directed to the official report of killed, wounded and missing. The charge today into Franklin, under such adverse circumstances, finds no parallel in this war, and will embellish another page of the history of our country with the martial achievements and glory of Southern arms."
Van Dorn's campaign, during which he lost his life in a private affair, left Mississippi open to Grierson's raid and Grant's advance from Bruinsburg to Jackson and the Yazoo River. The Twenty-eighth, leaving Tennessee May 17, reached Mechanicsburg June 7, a march of 400 miles. During the following operations Cosby's and Whitfield's (Texas) Brigades constituted the division of General W. H. Jackson. June 22, 1863, Lieut-Col. R. C. Wood, with Starke's Regiment, Major J. T. McBee commanding, and Adams' Regiment, Capt. S. B, Cleveland commanding, attacked a detachment of the Fourth Iowa Cavalry, under Major Parkell, which had been sent to blockade the road at Birdsong's Ferry on the Big Black. Parkell had with him one howitzer, which was posted at the head of a narrow lane, strongly fenced on each side, and repeated charges were made up this lane before the Federal force could be started and the gun captured. Wood reported 5 killed, 16 wounded and 1 missing, and that he took 33 prisoners. Parkell reported 8 killed and 16 wounded, 4 mortally. Wood, in his report recorded "the great gallantry and elan displayed by Major McBee and the officers and men of his command." This famous affair is known as the battle of Bear Creek. Companies A and F, under Captain Clanton, were particularly distinguished. In his final report, General Pemberton mentioned Privates E. G. Walker and Charles McInroe, of Maj. W. H, Johnson's Cavalry, part of this regiment, as among those who carried dispatches through the Federal lines to or from General Johnston.
July 4 the regiment moved from Mechanicsburg to Birdsong's Ferry, and as Johnston's army fell back to Jackson, they skirmished with Sherman advance July 7, and fell back covering Johnston's retreat, skirmishing frequently and resisting a charge of cavalry at Clinton. Just before the evacuation of Jackson, July 16, they went to the Federal rear, and recrossed Pearl River after the retreat of Johnston to Morton.
After the evacuation of Jackson by Sherman, the regiment was at or near Clinton until moved to Brownsville in September. October 10 detachments from Starke's and Wirt Adams' Regiments were attacked, near Port Gibson by a force of Illinois and Wisconsin Cavalry, whose commanding officer reported 11 of the two regiments killed. October 14th McPherson's expedition set out from Vicksburg intending to go to Canton but on account of the effective resistance made, proceeded no further than Clinton. There were engagements at Brownsville, October 15; on the Canton road near Brownsville, October 15-16; near the Clinton and Vernon cross roads, October 16; at Bogue Chitto Creek, and near Livingston, October 17; and near Clinton, October 18, in which all or parts of the regiment were engaged. After this the regiment was on guard between the Pearl and Big Black Rivers to the close of the year. December 25, 1863, Colonel Starke was put in command of the brigade, then including the First, Fourth, Twenty-eighth and Ballentine's Regiments. His headquarters was Clinton. He continued in this command, in Jackson's Division, under the organization of the cavalry, early in 1864, under Maj.-Gen. S. D. Lee.
At the outset of Sherman's raid to Meridian, the brigade met the advance of Hurlbut's column near the Joe Davis plantation, giving battle there February 4, the Twenty-eighth being commanded by Major McBee. Gen. Wirt Adams likewise encountered McPherson's column, but neither Confederate force was strong enough to make serious resistance. Next day, having retired through Clinton, and Captain Ratliff reporting a flank movement on the Springs road, Starke fell back through Jackson and out on the Canton road. General Sherman reported that February 5 was "one continued skirmish for eighteen miles, but we did not allow the enemy's cavalry to impede our march, but got into Jackson that night on his heels....Loring and French were marching at the time to concentrate with the cavalry at Jackson, but were too late. We got into Jackson first, secured their pontoon bridge, repaired it and commenced crossing, Pearl River on the 6th and on the 7th marched into Brandon." Starke, under the immediate direction of General Jackson, followed, and had a brisk engagement before Meridian on the 14th, with Winslow's Cavalry fighting on foot. Sherman then began the destruction of Meridian, as the great military center of the Southwest. He reported: "For five days 10,000 men worked with a will. Meridian, with its depots, storehouses, arsenal, hospitals, offices, hotels and cantonments no longer exists." The railroad was also destroyed from Jackson to Meridian, from Meridian north to Lauderdale Springs, south to Quitman and east about twenty miles. This all was preparatory to the campaign against Atlanta. Forrest and Chalmers were busied with Sooy Smith's Cavalry raid from Memphis, which was easily routed in the woods, on Sakatonchee Creek. Starke waited three days about Meridian and then he also went to help against Sooy Smith, but found on reaching Starkville that Smith was routed. Sherman having marched to Canton expecting to meet Smith, Starke moved to that vicinity, and near Sharon, February 27-29, the brigade skirmished with the enemy, McBee and his regiment having a serious encounter. On Sherman's retreat an attempt was made to attack the Federal train at Brownsville, but before McBee had a favorable opportunity the Federal infantry and cavalry formed line of battle and Starke retired. The brigade loss during the campaign Starke reported as 49 killed, wounded and missing. He estimated the Federal loss occasioned by his command as 128 killed and captured.
Starke was succeeded in brigade command by Brig.-Ben. Frank C. Armstrong, and the brigade moved into Alabama in the spring of 1864. A detachment under Captain Woods, with a detachment under Lieutenant-Colonel Maxwell. left Tuscaloosa April 19, to operate against "tories" in Walker and Winston Counties, Ala.
May 5, 1864, the brigade moved from Carthage to Montevallo, Ala.; 14th, arrived at Rome, Ga.; 17th, reached Adairsville and engaged the enemy with considerable loss in killed and wounded; May 20, fought at Cassville, crossed the Etowah, and moved to Dallas, skirmishing. May 28 the brigade was dismounted temporarily and put in the trenches on the extreme south of the line extending from northeast of New Hope Church, southwest of Dallas. At four in the evening, after lying in the trenches under a scorching sun all day, they formed in line of battle and charged, driving in the Federal skirmishers and encountering a heavy fire of musketry and artillery from the main line of the enemy. The Twenty-eighth drove the gunners from their battery, but were forced to retire before taking possession of the guns. In falling back Captain Clanton was killed and Lieut. T. N. Fowler severely wounded. The regiment had 20 killed and wounded, "a severe price to pay for feeling the enemy," one of the men wrote home.
After this they skirmished continually as the armies moved to the Marietta line, skirmished on that line and in the Federal rear near Powder Springs, picketed the Chattahoochee River, moved to West Point July 17 to meet Rousseau's expedition, took part in the battle of July 28 near Atlanta, skirmished at Herring's Mill July 30, was in the battle of August 6, and fought near Jonesboro, August 30.
The regiment, in Armstrong's Brigade, Jackson's Division, crossed the Tennessee River, near Florence, November 16-17, and began the march into Tennessee November 21, under the command of Major-General Forrest. Armstrong's Brigade was in battle at Lawrenceburg, Campbellsville, Columbia, Spring Hill and Franklin; in November, followed the Federal army to Nashville, thence moved to the investment of Murfreesboro, and was particularly distinguished in battle there December 7. In the rear guard of the army during the retreat from Nashville they fought at Columbia, Warfield's, Richland Creek, Pulaski, King's Hill and Sugar Creek, December 22-26. The casualties of the regiment were 10 killed, including Lieut. W. W. Wyatt, and 49 wounded. (See notice of brigade, First Cavalry). Gen. W. H. Jackson, commanding the division, indorsed on the campaign report of General Ross, of the Texas Brigade: "Lieutenant Hunt, of Twenty-eighth Mississippi, particularly distinguished himself; commanding a squadron of cavalry, dismounted his men in an open field."
Colonel Starke was promoted to Brigadier-General November 4, 1864, and the regiment is assigned to his brigade in General Chalmers' orders of February, 1865. When Gen. J. H. Wilson started on his raid through Alabama and Georgia in March and April, 1865, the brigade moved from Pickensville, Ala., to meet him, and after three days and nights of marching and countermarching arrived near Selma during the assault upon the fortifications there, April 2, but were cut off from the town by the Federal troops and were unable to render any assistance. When Selma was taken they were compelled to retire in the night, thirty miles, across the Cahawba River, after which they moved to Livingston and went into camp. There the last muster rolls were made, up to April 31, 1865. The capitulation by Gen. Richard Taylor occurred May 4, 1865. The cavalry commands under General Forrest were surrendered at Gainesville, Ala., May 22, 1865.
[The following two notes from Rowland's history are suspect. They do not seem to have any relation to the 28th Mississippi Cavalry]
Armstrong's Escort, enlisted at Monroe, La., 4 April, 1862. Captain -- Junius Y. Webb. First Lieutenant -- Lynn B. Watkins. Second Lieutenant -- Nathaniel M. Martin.
Third Lieutenant -- John J. Carter. Escort company for Brig.-Gen. Frank C. Armstrong.
Colonels -- Peter B. Starke, Joshua T. McBee, commissioned April 1, 1865.
Lieutenant-Colonels -- Samuel W. Ferguson, promoted BrigadierGeneral; Edward P. Jones, commissioned May 10, 1863; S. S. Champion, commissioned April 1, 1865.
Majors -- Edward P. Jones, captured at Franklin, Tenn., April 10, 1863; Joshua T. McBee, commissioned May 10, 1863: C. L. Johnson, commissioned April 1, 1865.
Adjutant -- S. H. Starke. Quartermaster -- R. H. Smith. Commissary--James Hazlett. Surgeons -- R. B. Maury, C. R. Mayson, commissioned February 6, 1863. Assistant Surgeons -- W. S. Ward, W. T. Ward, commissioned May 6, 1862; L. M. Mays, commissioned November 16, 1864.Original officers commissioned 24 February, 1862.
Starke was commanding brigade after 25 December, 1863 -- roll of February, 1864.
Here's what's available.
|Hooker, Col. Charles E.
- Confederate Military History - Mississippi Volume - 288 pgs.
|Rigdon, John C.
Historical Sketch and Roster of the Mississippi 28th Cavalry Regiment
|Rigdon, John C.
The Civil War in Mississippi
|Rigdon, John C.
Mississippi Civil War Soldiers Index
|The Southern Historical Society Papers


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I neglected to mention that when I woke up to Anita & Alvin having sex on Saturday morn, I knocked on the wall to try to get them to shut up -- & damaged my hand. The concrete wall is, well, concrete, which was not what I expected; basically, I tried to kung-fu a brick.
Today I finally conceded, heading to the ER to get things checked out. The conclusion? A metacarpal contusion with risk of fracture, a.k.a. a large bruise that could possibly turn into a small break. The solution? A splint that I have to wear for a week.
In short, I hurt my hand as a result of someone else's sex life. Tell me that's a common ER story.
Also, this took me about 20 minutes to write because my gigantron fingers keeping entering errant punctuation marks. That's right -- your Suburban Sweetheart is officially a big city gimp.


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I'm pretty flipping excited to feature one of my favorite bloggers, cookbook authors, and Paleo expert Melissa "Melicious" Joulwan, who writes the blog "The Clothes Make the Girl".
Melissa is on a mission to be a "super fit, well-fed, dressed-to-kill, glossy-haired, Rock-n-Roll, tart-tongued detective", and she is definitely fulfilling all such things.
She has committed to practicing a healthy lifestyle by eating clean and incorporating yoga, meditation, CrossFit, running, and strength training into her daily routine.
Melissa's candid account of her struggle with weight loss (featured in her blog) is very relatable and inspiring. She is the first to admit that she didn't always eat clean:
"My parents were both exceptionally good cooks — my dad owned a restaurant and my mom won almost every cooking contest she entered. I was a chubby kid because I really liked food. And after broken ankles and playground taunts — at a bus stop, I was once unfavorably compared to a whale by one of the neighbor kids — I stuck with reading and practicing the piano and roller skating to the library. I don't know how many gym classes I missed because I was "sick" or "forgot" my gym clothes. I do know that my P.E. attendance put my otherwise stellar grade point average in jeopardy."
"Even though I avoided sports, I secretly admired the athletic kids. They walked taller than the rest of us. When I was in 10th grade, my dad took me to Annapolis to see the Navy band play a concert, and for about three weeks, I was determined to get in shape so I could apply to the Naval Academy. I abandoned that dream because I was incapable of doing pushups and situps — and I was too embarrassed and overwhelmed to ask for help.)"
However, Melissa did not give up on her mission to get in shape. One healthy hobby she enjoyed practicing was roller-blading. In 2001, Melissa moved to Austin, TX where she met a bunch of other woman who shared her passion for rollerblading. Together they formed the Texas Rollergirls, the original Flat Track Roller Derby that started in Austin and spread across the world!
Appearing on the Today Show and Good Morning America, Melissa began to create a name for herself in the Roller Derby world. As a result, the publishing company Simon & Schuster published her book she had written about her Roller Derby experiences, titled "Roller Girl Totally True Tales from the Track".
Left: "Roller Girl: Totally True Tales from the Track" by Melissa Joulwan
Right: Melissa (Middle) during her professional Roller Derby days.
In 2007, Melissa began adding Cross Fit classes to her active lifestyle. In 2009, she switched to a Paelo lifestyle. By gaining strength, finally sleeping 8 hours a night, and eliminating dairy and gluten from her diet, Melissa finally "made friends" with food and her body. And while I could go on and on about Melissa and her amazing blog & paleo cookbooks, I will let you all learn a little more about Melissa for yourselves. Below is a Q+A with Melissa:
Lu: How was the title "the Clothes make the girl" created?
Melicious: I started my blog while I was working at my full-time job for a web development agency. I was bored at work and was a little obsessed with fashion blogs, so I decided to start my own, just as a fun outlet for writing. At the same time, I was also changing my eating habits and training to get really fit. After a while, I realized I wanted to write about those things more than my outfits. Little by little, the "real" blog — where I talk about nutrition, recipes, training, meditation, and how to have an awesome life — emerged. That was in 2008, and I had about five readers. Now about 400,000 people read it every month.
Lu: What are some of the more notable/ "happier" changes you've experienced since switching to a Paleo lifestyle?
Melicious: Eating Paleo has changed my life in many ways, but these are my two favorites: (1) I was a lifelong terrible sleeper. Now that I eat high-quality carbs, sufficient fat and protein, and no junk, I sleep like a champ for 7-9 hours every night. (2) I used to need to eat every 2-3 hours or I'd get cranky and droopy. Now I can go for 4-6 hours between meals, and when I'm hungry, it's simply hunger — not moodiness that makes me feel like I'm going to stab someone.
Lu: If you had to describe a Paleo diet to a newcomer, how would you describe it?
Melicious: The version of the paleo template I follow is based on eating nutrient-dense foods that make me healthier: high-quality protein like grassfed beef and pastured chicken, tons of vegetables and fruits, some starches like sweet potatoes and plantains, and natural fats like coconut oil, extra-virgin olive oil, and nuts for a little treat. It's real food and it's delicious.
Lu: What is one major thing you miss about being a Rollergirl?
Melicious: Oh, definitely bashing into people and making them fall down! And putting on my uniform — it was really fun to pretend to be a glamour girl then beat up on people.
Lu: What inspired you to write the cookbooks, Well Fed + Well Fed 2?
Melicious: Eating paleo made me fall in love with playing in the kitchen, and I wanted to share that with other people. I think cooking can be intimidating for people and I wanted to show that it can be like play time that also provides nourishment. I love cooking because I get to be creative and then I get to eat — two of my favorite things!
Thanks Melissa for taking the time to speak with me and to share your story with the Creatively Lu community!
And now for your dose of inspiration, inspired by Melissa.
Create a healthy & happy Friday everyone!
*To learn more about Melissa "Melicious" Joulwan and her blog "the Clothes Make the Girl"
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