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Breaking up prolonged sitting has been beneficially associated with cardiometabolic risk markers in both observational and intervention studies. We aimed to define the acute transcriptional events induced in skeletal muscle by breaks in sedentary time. Overweight/obese adults participated in a randomized three-period, three-treatment crossover trial in an acute setting. The three 5-h interventions were performed in the postprandial state after a standardized test drink and included seated position with no activity and seated with 2-min bouts of light- or moderate-intensity treadmill walking every 20 min. Vastus lateralis biopsies were obtained in eight participants after each treatment, and gene expression was examined using microarrays validated with real-time quantitative PCR. There were 75 differentially expressed genes between the three conditions. Pathway analysis indicated the main biological functions affected were related to small-molecule biochemistry, cellular development, growth and proliferation, and carbohydrate metabolism. Interestingly, differentially expressed genes were also linked to cardiovascular disease. For example, relative to prolonged sitting, activity bouts increased expression of nicotamide N-methyltransferase, which modulates anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative pathways and triglyceride metabolism. Activity bouts also altered expression of 10 genes involved in carbohydrate metabolism, including increased expression of dynein light chain, which may regulate translocation of the GLUT-4 glucose transporter. In addition, breaking up sedentary time reversed the effects of chronic inactivity on expression of some specific genes. This study provides insight into the muscle regulatory systems and molecular processes underlying the physiological benefits induced by interrupting prolonged sitting.
- sedentary
- exercise
- microarray
- metabolism
- intermittent
prolonged sitting is adversely linked to cardiometabolic risk biomarkers and premature mortality, independent of purposeful physical activity level (10, 15). Recent epidemiological (15) and intervention studies (11) have indicated that frequent interruptions of prolonged sitting through brief activity bouts may attenuate the adverse effects of prolonged sitting (11, 15). These studies have implicated both anti-inflammatory (high-sensitivity C-reactive protein) and metabolic (postprandial glucose) mechanisms in the beneficial effects of breaking up sedentary time (11, 15).
The central role of skeletal muscle in postural support and movement results in high energy demand, making this tissue the major site of glucose and free fatty acid consumption for ATP production in the body. In the setting of overnutrition, accumulation of excess lipid and glucose within skeletal muscle promotes an inflammatory response and insulin resistance, which reduces further substrate accumulation (16). The well-known benefits of regular purposeful exercise in bouts of 30 min or more are underpinned by restoration of metabolic balance, in part through elevated energy consumption and adaptation in other muscle molecular pathways (23, 26). Although current guidelines for physical activity state that activity in bouts from as little as 10 min are recommended, the effects of breaking up sedentary time with short low- to moderate-intensity activity breaks represent a very different activity paradigm. While it appears that breaking up sedentary time delivers benefits independent of purposeful exercise, the skeletal muscle signaling pathways involved have not been investigated.
Complex regulatory systems at multiple levels control skeletal muscle function. At the gene-expression level, microarrays provide a useful high-throughput approach to assess variations of transcriptional regulation in skeletal muscle under different experimental conditions. The current investigation was an ancillary study conducted on a subset of participants from a larger study that has been previously described (11). That study showed that interrupting sitting time with intermittent brief bouts of either light- or moderate-intensity walking lowered acute postprandial glucose and insulin levels (11). The aim of the present study was to define the acute transcriptional events induced in skeletal muscle by breaks in sedentary time using microarrays. Our data analysis focused on identifying significantly regulated biological processes and molecular pathways. We specifically hypothesized that interrupting sitting time by brief intermittent activity bouts of light or moderate intensity would change expression of genes involved in energy substrate metabolism.
Study overview.
This randomized, three-period, three-treatment crossover trial was approved by the Alfred Hospital Human Ethics committee and was carried out in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. Participants provided signed, written, informed consent. The study is registered as a clinical trial with the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ACTRN12609000656235).
A description of the participant characteristics and the screening and testing procedures for the main study have been previously described in detail (11). Eight (7 men/1 woman) obese/overweight adults from the 19 participants in the main study were involved in the current investigation. The inclusion criteria for participation were 1) age between 45 and 65 yr, 2) overweight or obese (body mass index between 25 and 45 kg/m2), 3) no diabetes, and 4) not taking glucose-lowering and/or lipid-lowering medication. Participants attended the laboratory on three separate occasions to complete each of the trial conditions in a randomized order (11).
For uninterrupted sitting, participants remained seated throughout the experimental period and were instructed to minimize excessive movement, only rising from the chair to void.
For sitting plus light-intensity activity breaks, participants rose from the seated position every 20 min throughout the experimental period (to achieve 3 breaks/h) and completed a 2-min bout of light-intensity walking on a motorized treadmill with a level surface at 3.2 km/h. They then returned to the seated position. This procedure was undertaken on 14 occasions, providing a total of 28 min of light-intensity activity.
The sitting plus moderate-intensity activity breaks was identical procedure to the sitting plus light-intensity activity breaks condition, but participants completed 2-min bouts of moderate-intensity walking on the treadmill between 5.8 and 6.4 km/h every 20 min, providing a total of 28 min of moderate-intensity activity.
Participants were asked to refrain from any exercise, alcohol, and caffeine in the 48 h before each of the three trial conditions. During this time, physical activity was tightly monitored via an Actigraph GT1M accelerometer (Actigraph, Pensacola, FL), worn around the hip during waking hours. People who regularly engaged in moderate-intensity exercise ≥150 min/wk for at least 3 mo were excluded from the study. Since an acute bout of physical activity may enhance insulin sensitivity for up to 72 h, we employed a minimum wash-out period of 6 days between each condition.
Participants reported to the laboratory between 0700 and 0800, having fasted overnight. A cannula was inserted into an antecubital vein for hourly blood sampling. For all of the three experimental conditions, and following the initial blood collection (time point: −2 h), participants remained seated for 2 h to achieve a steady state before the consumption of a standardized test drink (time point: 0 h). The 200-ml test drink consisted of 75 g carbohydrate (100% corn maltodextrin powder; Natural Health) and 50 g fat (Calogen; Nutricia). The specific nutritional components were as follows: energy 3,195 kJ; fat 50.0 g; saturated fat 5 g; monounsaturated fat 30.4 g; polyunsaturated fat 14.3 g; carbohydrate 75 g; total sugars 12.8 g; protein nil; fiber <1 g; sodium 46.9 mg; and water 90 g. Blood was sampled at baseline before drink consumption and hourly postdrink consumption, and the incremental area under the glucose-time, insulin-time, and insulin/glucose-time curves was calculated.
Muscle biopsy.
Muscle biopsies were obtained from the vastus lateralis using standard aseptic technique and local anesthesia ∼20–30 min after final blood collection, which was ∼40–50 min after the last activity bout, and 5 h after the drink ingestion. In brief, a ∼7-mm skin incision was made, and the fascia opened. A side-cutting muscle biopsy needle was passed through the incision to obtain ∼100 mg of muscle tissue under suction. All biopsies were snap frozen in liquid nitrogen and subsequently stored at −80°C until further analysis.
RNA purification and microarray processing.
Total RNA was extracted from frozen muscle (∼30 mg) with a motorized rotor-stator homogenizer (3 pulses of 15 s) and TRIzol reagent (InVitrogen, Carlsbad, CA) using the manufacturer's recommended protocol. RNA quality was determined by the MultiNA system (Shimadzu Biotech, Sydney, NSW, Australia). Biotin-labeled cRNA was produced by means of a linear amplification kit (AMIL1791; Ambion, Austin, TX) using 250 ng of quality-checked total RNA as input. Hybridization to the Illumina Human HT-12 v4 BeadChip was for 16 h at 58°C on a BeadChip Hyb Wheel using 1,500-ng biotin-labeled cRNA as input. The chip was then washed, blocked, and stained with Cy3-streptavidin (Amersham Bioscience, Piscataway, NJ) according to the manufacturer's protocols (Illumina, San Diego, CA). The iScan Control Software V220.127.116.11 (Illumina), together with the Illumina iSCAN platform (Illumina), was used for RNA quantification. Annotation information for the individual chip formats is publicly available from Illumina (http://www.illumina.com). The Illumina Human HT-12 v4 BeadChip targets more than 47,000 probes derived from the National Center for Biotechnology Information Reference Sequence RefSeq Release 38 (November 7, 2009) and other sources.
Processing and analysis of the microarray data were performed with the Illumina Beadstudio 126.96.36.199 software. Raw data were background subtracted and normalized using the "Quantile" algorithm. Quantile normalization assumes that all samples have similar distribution of transcript abundance and makes the distribution, median, and means of probe intensities the same for every sample. Data files were deposited into the National Center for Biotechnology Information Gene Expression Omnibus (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/query/acc.cgi?acc=GSE39576, accession no. GSE39576). Further analysis of the effects of activity breaks vs. prolonged sitting was performed in GeneSpring GX7.3 expression analysis software (Agilent Technologies, Mulgrave, VIC, Australia). To identify genes with the most marked changes in expression level, we first applied an absolute fold change threshold of ≥1.5. Then the resulting gene list was analyzed with a repeated-measures ANOVA to identify genes that were differentially expressed between the three groups after correction for multiple testing [false discovery rate (FDR) < 0.05 by the Benjamini and Hochberg method (24)]. Gene expression was considered significantly different between groups when the corrected P value was < 0.05.
Pathway analysis.
Biological interpretation of the data was performed on differentially expressed genes, meeting the criteria described above through the use of Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA; Ingenuity Systems, www.ingenuity.com). IPA is proprietary online software that aids researchers in modeling and analyzing the biological significance of microarray data sets. IPA uses the Ingenuity Knowledge Base to identify statistically significant biological functions and pathways. The Knowledge base consists of millions of relationships (between genes, proteins, small molecules, and complexes) manually extracted by PhD-level scientists from over 200,000 peer-reviewed articles. The significance of the association between genes in the data set and the biological function was determined by using Fisher's exact test to calculate a P value determining the probability that the association was explained by chance alone. Associated networks were then algorithmically generated based on their connectivity. Genes included in the IPA analysis varied significantly between the three activity conditions at a corrected P value of <0.05.
Reverse transcription and quantitative real-time PCR.
Quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to validate a subset of genes expressed differentially based on the microarray results. This subset included genes with high signal intensity, or demonstrating a dose response between the three experimental conditions in array analysis, or involved in the principal molecular and cellular functions described. Primers were designed using Primer Express software from Applied Biosystems (Carlsbad, CA). Reverse transcription was performed with 1 μg of total RNA and the iScript select cDNA synthesis kit (Bio-Rad, Hercules, CA), according to the manufacturer's protocol. Transcripts levels were analyzed on the Applied Biosystems 7500 Real-Time PCR System with SYBR Green I detection. The reactions were performed in duplicate for each sample using an iTaq fast SYBR Green supermix with ROX (Bio-Rad), with 300 nmol/l of each reverse and forward primer and 50 ng of cDNA in 20 μl total volume. The thermal cycling parameters were as follows: initial denaturation at 95°C for 2 min, followed by 40 cycles at 95°C for 3 s and 60°C for 30 s. β-Actin was used as an internal control to calibrate the expression levels of target genes; the relative changes in gene expression were calculated using the 2ΔΔCt method (20).
As previously reported, generalized estimating equations (GEE models) with exchangeable working correlation to account for dependency in the data (repeated measures) were used (22) to evaluate the differential effects of the trial conditions on glucose homeostasis. All models were adjusted for potentially important covariates explaining residual outcome variance (age, sex, and weight), baseline predrink outcome values, and period effects. Postestimation contrasts were used to examine the differential effects of pairs of conditions. GEE models were used to examine between-trial condition differences in pretrial plasma glucose and serum insulin. A probability level of <0.05 was considered significant. All statistical analyses were performed using Stata 10.1 for Windows (StataCorp LP, College Station, TX).
The global gene array expression data were analyzed using GeneSpring software. To determine differential expression between the three activity conditions, an ANOVA for repeated measures was applied after correction for multiple testing [FDR < 0.05 by the Benjamini and Hochberg method (24)].
Other statistical analyses were performed with SPSS. The qRT-PCR data were compared using an ANOVA for repeated measures, with a Student-Newman-Keuls post-hoc test to compare individual means. Relationships between gene expression assessed by microarray and qRT-PCR were assessed using the Pearson correlation coefficient.
Data are reported as means ± SE, unless otherwise indicated.
The eight participants recruited for the present study had a mean age of 55 ± 6 yr (mean ± SD) and body mass index of 30.9 ± 2.9 kg/m2. In the main study (n = 19), interrupting prolonged sitting with both light-intensity and moderate-intensity activity reduced the postprandial glucose and insulin areas under the curve (iAUC) relative to uninterrupted sitting. In the subset of eight participants in the present study, relative to uninterrupted sitting, there was a trend toward a decrease in the glucose iAUC (change to uninterrupted sitting: −22 and −20% with light- or moderate-intensity breaks, respectively, P = 0.1, Fig. 1A). The incremental iAUC was reduced in this same subset by 24.8% (P = 0.004) after sitting interrupted with light-intensity activity and 23.4% (P = 0.015) after interruptions with moderate-intensity breaks relative to uninterrupted sitting (Fig. 1B). The insulin-to-glucose ratio incremental area under the curve was 25.1% (P = 0.001) lower after sitting interrupted with light-intensity activity and 21.9% (P = 0.014) lower after sitting interrupted with moderate-intensity activity compared with uninterrupted sitting (Fig. 1C).
The microarray analysis identified 7,995 transcripts expressed in the skeletal muscle. Of these, 326 satisfied the fold-change criteria described in methods in at least one out of three comparisons between the experimental-condition pairs (light-intensity breaks vs. sedentary; moderate-intensity breaks vs. sedentary; moderate- vs. light-intensity breaks), and 75 genes were significantly differentially expressed when assessed by ANOVA with a FDR P value < 0.05 (Table 1). This list of 75 differentially expressed genes was imported into the IPA software: 71 corresponded to an entity in the Ingenuity Knowledge Base, the reference set, and met the eligibility criteria for inclusion in IPA analysis.
The modulated gene list was classified by biological functions, revealing that the main molecular and cellular functions affected were significantly related to small-molecule biochemistry, cellular development, growth and proliferation, and carbohydrate metabolism. It also showed modifications in tissue morphology and development (Table 2). Interestingly, differentially expressed genes were also linked to cardiovascular disease (Table 2).
Among individual IPA networks associated with our data set of genes differentially expressed between the experimental conditions, the ones with the highest number of involved genes were cellular development, tissue development, cardiovascular system development, and function (score 48, molecules 21), while the next two networks were related to cell-to-cell signaling and cellular development (scores 32 and 18, molecules 15 and 10), and, interestingly, two other networks were associated with metabolic disease and lipid metabolism. The associated networks are indicated in Table 1.
To validate array data, the same 24 muscle samples were analyzed by RT-quantitative PCR for the expression of 10 genes (see methods) found to be differentially expressed between the experimental conditions on the microarray analysis (indicated in bold in Table 1). Correlation analysis indicated a significant concordance between fold changes in gene expression tested by microarray and RT-quantitative PCR (r = 0.67, P < 0.0001; Fig. 2).
To illustrate different profiles of gene regulation, Fig. 3 shows four of the validated genes. Nicotamide N-methyltransferase (NNMT) and dynein light chain (DYNLL1) expression were increased 1.5- to 2-fold from sitting interrupted with moderate-intensity breaks, while sitting interrupted with light-intensity activity returned an intermediate level of expression (Fig. 3, A and B). Legumain expression also increased twofold, with sitting interrupted with moderate intensity; however, sitting interrupted with light-intensity activity induced no change in expression compared with uninterrupted sitting (Fig. 3C). The ataxin 7-like 2 gene showed a graded reduction in expression from uninterrupted sitting through to moderate-intensity breaks (# for trend P = 0.035) (Fig. 3D).
The major novel finding of this study is that breaking up postprandial sedentary time with short activity bouts is associated with changes in the expression of skeletal muscle genes involved in cellular development, growth and proliferation, and lipid and carbohydrate metabolism. Microarray technology and high-throughput software tools have allowed us to examine not only the global patterns of gene expression associated with light- and moderate-intensity activity breaks in prolonged sedentary time, but also the potential biological significance of these changes.
Of the 75 differentially expressed genes, 18 were related to cellular development, 21 with cellular growth and proliferation, 16 with small-molecule biochemistry, and 10 with carbohydrate metabolism. Among the genes involved in cellular development, some have a role in the formation and differentiation of skeletal muscle cells, as well as migration of muscle cells. Such effects are consistent with adaptation expected in response to the intensity of muscle contraction during the short activity breaks. Indeed, we observed similarities between genes regulated by breaks and by continuous acute exercise bouts of 30–90 min. For example, genes involved in muscle growth (TNFRSF12A, ARID5B) or metabolism [pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4 (PDK4)], upregulated by moderate-intensity activity breaks in sedentary time in the present study, also increase 3 h after a 60-min bout of eccentric exercise (21). PDK4, which inhibits the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex and increases glucose metabolism, has also been shown to be increased by both continuous and interval exercise (28).
Breaks in sedentary time alter expression of metabolic regulatory networks.
While this study took a broad discovery approach to identifying differential gene expression associated with breaking up sedentary time, a primary objective was to identify genes that might contribute to the previously reported (11) changes in postprandial glucose metabolism seen with light- and moderate-intensity breaks in sedentary time in this sample. Ten genes involved in carbohydrate metabolism were identified as being differentially expressed between the experimental conditions, including four involved in carbohydrate uptake into cells: CCL13, showing a slight decrease with light-intensity activity compared with uninterrupted sitting but an increased expression with moderate-intensity activity breaks; PDK4, progressively increasing with the intensity of the activity breaks; and C13orf33 and CSF1R increased only with moderate-intensity activity breaks compared with uninterrupted sitting. PIK3C2B, involved in the production and accumulation of phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphate; LYVE1, involved in the catabolism of glycosaminoglycan; as well as PPAP2A, responsible for the degradation of lysophosphatidic acid, were also differentially expressed following moderate-intensity breaks vs. uninterrupted sitting.
Although not classified under the carbohydrate metabolism grouping in the biological function analysis, several other genes regulated by breaking up sitting time could contribute to the observed changes in glucose metabolism. Among them, COLEC12 encodes a member of the C-lectin family, proteins that possess collagen-like sequences and carbohydrate recognition domains. This protein is a scavenger receptor, a cell surface glycoprotein that can bind to several carbohydrates facilitating their recognition and removal. In addition, this receptor can mediate the recognition, internalization, and degradation of oxidized low-density lipoprotein. NNMT is a cytosolic enzyme that catalyzes the N-methylation of nicotinamide, producing 1-methylnicotinamide (MNA) (1, 2). Experimental studies have shown that MNA, long considered biologically inactive, has both anti-inflammatory and anti-thrombotic properties (involving a cyclooxygenase 2/PGI2 pathway), scavenges oxygen radicals, enhances cell proliferation and migration, as well as lowers plasma triglyceride levels (5–8, 19, 30). Upregulation of NNMT with activity bouts even of light intensity could also potentially contribute to the changes in glucose metabolism, as anti-diabetic actions of NNMT have been shown in rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes with MNA to lower fasting plasma glucose concentration, lipid peroxidation, and protein carbonylation, and to restore aortic endothelium-dependent nitric oxide-mediated vasodilatation (29). Moreover, DYNLL1 (cytoplasmic DYNLL1), which increased expression in association with the intensity of activity breaks, may have a role in glucose transport. Cytoplasmic dynein 1 acts as one of several noncatalytic accessory components of the cytoplasmic dynein 1 complex that are thought to be involved in linking dynein to cargos and to adapter proteins that regulate dynein function (18). The protein acts as a motor for the intracellular motility of vesicles and organelles along microtubules and thus may play a role in facilitating translocation of the GLUT-4 glucose transporter to the cell surface for cellular glucose internalization (13). Binding of DYNLL1 also inhibits TNF-α-induced NF-κB activation by interacting with IκB-α, thereby preventing its phosphorylation by IκB-α kinase, its nuclear translocation, and its regulatory role in inflammation and apoptosis (9). Of note, inhibition of NF-κB signaling could also contribute to the beneficial effects of breaking up sedentary time on metabolism. Indeed, a growing literature shows that NF-κB inflammatory pathways contribute to the pathology of metabolic disorders (4); recent clinical trials have found significant amelioration of insulin resistance and glucose homeostasis in human type 2 diabetes patients treated with salicylates, which have been reported to inhibit NF-κB activation (12, 14).
Breaking up sedentary time may counteract expression of a specific gene shown to be induced by prolonged inactivity.
A final key issue is whether breaks in sedentary time can counteract the gene expression patterns associated with sedentary behavior. Whereas bed-rest studies report a reduction in muscle oxidative phosphorylation gene expression and mitochondrial function (25), these processes did not appeared regulated by breaks in the present study. However, 48 h of immobilization have been shown to increase USP6 expression, which has a role in protein degradation and is of relevance to muscle atrophy (27). USP6 is a de-ubiquitinating enzyme that cleaves ubiquitin from ubiquitin-tagged proteins so that ubiquitin molecules can be recycled and reused. The increase in USP6 expression associated with immobilization thus mobilizes ubiquitin to tag muscle proteins for degradation (3). In our microarray, moderate-intensity activity breaks decreased USP6 expression, which would theoretically decrease activity of the ATP ubiquitin-dependent proteolitic pathway. Reduction in protein breakdown could thereby counteract the muscle atrophy associated with extreme states of sedentary behavior.
The present study assessed only the acute effects of light- and moderate-activity breaks in sedentary time over a single day and cannot, therefore, provide insight into the chronic effects of breaking up sedentary time on muscle gene expression. The highly controlled study design, including within-subject comparison across three interventions administered in random order, is a strength. The number of participants, although relatively small, was nevertheless sufficient to detect significant changes in muscle gene expression. A larger cohort may undercover a greater number of regulated genes. The absolute fold change criteria of ≥1.5 for selection of significant effects may result in failure to detect important regulated genes, but was applied to ensure that only robust differences were reported. False positives were also minimized by use of repeated-measures ANOVA to allow comparison of all three interventions and correction for multiple testing with the FDR method by Benjamini and Hochberg (24). Future studies are warranted to examine the skeletal muscle transcriptional networks regulated by breaking up sedentary time over longer periods of weeks or months.
The brevity of the interruptions to sitting (2 min) indicates that such breaks would not count toward the minimum amount of aerobic activity necessary for substantial health benefits within current physical activity guidelines, since at least 10-min episodes of activity are stipulated. However, consistent with studies of the effects of continuous exercise on glucose metabolism (17), the sum of total activity time over a 5-h period was 28 min. A logical next step to build on these findings would be a study comparing a single continuous exercise bout to the breaking up of prolonged sitting.
Whereas the effects of chronic physical inactivity as well as the response to continuous exercise bouts have been well studied, our study is the first to characterize the acute transcriptional events induced by breaking up sitting time with short activity bouts. Our study highlights some of the regulated mechanisms (metabolic pathways, muscular system development) underlying the response to breaking up sedentary time. We have identified candidate genes that are likely to contribute to the improvements in glucose homeostasis and cardiometabolic risk markers associated with the breaking up of sedentary time. In addition, breaking up sedentary time reversed the effects of chronic inactivity on expression of some specific genes. This study provides insight into the muscle regulatory systems and molecular processes underlying the physiological benefits induced by interrupting prolonged sitting. Change in expression of a number of health-related genes in skeletal muscle after such brief and regular interruptions (2 min of activity for every 20 min of sitting) to prolonged sitting time may have important implications for settings where continuous ambulatory activity may not be feasible or practical, such as workplaces.
This work was supported by a National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC)/Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) Exchange Fellowship (NHMRC no. 1440122); a NHMRC Project Grant (NHMRC no. 540107); two NHMRC Program Grants (NHMRC nos. 569940 and 1000900); a National Health and Medical Senior Principal Research Fellowship to N. Owen (NHMRC no. 1003960); a Victorian Public Health Research Fellowship and an Australian Research Council Future Research Fellowship to D. W. Dunstan (FT100100918); a NHMRC Principal Research Fellowship to B. A. Kingwell (NHMRC no. 526604); and was supported in part by the Victorian Government's Operational Infrastructure Support Program. The funders of this study had no role in the trial.
No conflicts of interest, financial or otherwise, are declared by the author(s).
Author contributions: C.L. and J.B.J. performed experiments; C.L. and J.B.J. analyzed data; C.L. and J.B.J. interpreted results of experiments; C.L. prepared figures; C.L. and B.A.K. drafted manuscript; C.L., J.B.J., A.L.C., D.A.B., N.O., D.W.D., and B.A.K. approved final version of manuscript; A.L.C., D.A.B., N.O., and D.W.D. edited and revised manuscript; N.O., D.W.D., and B.A.K. conception and design of research.
- Copyright © 2013 the American Physiological Society


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Garth Brooks has blown us away once again! Let us start by saying, we hope you had a great birthday and congratulations on your record breaking concert!
As usual, Garth put on an amazing show for his fans in Pittsburgh, PA. The country music star, along with his wife Trisha Yearwood, performed at the Consol Energy Center and absolutely blew away the crowd. Prior to this concert, Garth held the title for record ticket sales for a single city in North America. This show became extremely noteworthy because Garth broke his own ticket sales record! The man really knows how to sell out a show!
But that wasn't the only surprise of the evening! For Garth's birthday, Trisha took the stage and said to her husband, "I know that you seriously picked Pittsburgh, as your birthday weekend because this is where you wanted to be. You are a loyal fan of all things black and gold in the city of Pittsburgh, and that's really cool and always has been... and you're a hard man to shop for". What happened next astonished the crowd, and put a priceless expression on Garth's face! The Pittsburgh Steeler's head coach, Mike Tomlin, walked onto the stage, and Garth was completely shocked!
Between the record breaking ticket sales, the surprise guest, and receiving his very own "Brooks" Pittsburgh Steeler's jersey, we think it's safe to say that this was a special birthday performance, for both Garth and his fans!
To top off the perfect birthday, the entire audience sang "Happy Birthday" to the one and only Garth Brooks!
Check out the video to see Garth Brooks birthday in Pittsburgh, and you'll be glad you did!
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China National Materials Co Ltd (Sinoma) is increasing its shareholding in Gansu Qilianshan Cement Group Co Ltd to further expand capacity, the cement equipment and engineering services provider said in a statement on its website yesterday.
Sinoma plans to buy a 51 percent stake in Gansu Qilianshan Holdings Co, which is the largest shareholder of the Shanghai-listed Qilianshan Cement with a 12.78 per cent stake, for CNY333m.
The deal is by far the largest in China's cement industry this year, said sources.
Prior to this, Sinoma had acquired an 11.58 per cent stake in Qilianshan Cement in June and was the second largest shareholder in the company.
Sinoma plans to acquire 35.67 percent stake in Qilianshan Holdings from the Gansu provincial government for CNY232.77m. It will also pay Qilianshan Holdings additional capital of CNY100m, representing approximately 15.33 per cent of its enlarged capital.
Published under Cement News


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Vintage Cabbage Patch 18" Chicago Cubs Baseball Boy.......CUTE!!
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18" Vintage Cabbage Patch Chicago Cubs Boy Doll He is AWESOME! LOVE the tongue sticking out! His shirt is a Build a Bear Shirt but pants are authentic CPK along with his shoes Some scuffs on shoes and a couple tiny spots at foot of pants and on foot No rips tares or snags noted - smoke free home/ALL clothes have been washed He might need a bit of freshening up as he's been stored a long time Hey, thanks for viewing my boy God Bless you!


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Whiddy Island
...An international oil corporation completed a crude-oil terminal on the western side of the island in 1968 that was capable of catering to 300,000-ton tankers. In 1979 the tanker Betelgeuse caught fire and exploded at the oil jetty, sinking and causing the deaths of more than 50 men. The terminal closed thereafter and did not reopen until the late 1990s.


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Eclipse Soccer Club in Sugar Land, Texas provides youth soccer programs for all levels of interests and abilities for ages 3-18. Teams are coached by volunteers from the local community. Cirro Energy is proud to sponsor Eclipse Soccer Club as it strives to promote good sportsmanship, physical fitness and positive competition.
We are pleased to support the Plano ISD Athletic Department and their commitment to football. From middle to high school age young adults, athletics teaches discipline and leadership to our future leaders.
Cirro Energy has helped children from North Dallas to McKinney build character, fellowship and sportsmanship for over 10 years by powering and supporting the Plano Sports Authority. Cirro Energy's contributions help over 60,000 kids each year receive training and instruction in a wide variety of sports and competitions.
To help kids and their families stay cool and have fun during scorching Texas summers, Cirro Energy partners with Willow Bend Mall to power their Summer Fun Thursdays. With Cirro Energy's support, thousands of children and parents can beat the heat and enjoy live performances and entertainment at this landmark Plano mall.


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True Televisions have the CRT Tube !! Welcome to the Obsolete Technology Tellye Web Museum. Here you will see a TV Museum showing many Old Tube Television sets all with the CRT Tube, B/W ,color, Digital, and 100HZ Scan rate, Tubes technology. This is the opportunity on the WEB to see, one more time, what real technology WAS ! In the mean time watch some crappy lcd picture around shop centers (but don't buy them, or money lost, they're already broken when new) !!!
Richtige Fernseher haben Röhren!
In Brief: On this site you will find pictures and information about some of the electronic, electrical and electrotechnical technology relics that the Frank Sharp Private museum has accumulated over the years .
Premise: There are lots of vintage electrical and electronic items that have not survived well or even completely disappeared and forgotten.
Or are not being collected nowadays in proportion to their significance or prevalence in their heyday, this is bad and the main part of the death land. The heavy, ugly sarcophagus; models with few endearing qualities, devices that have some over-riding disadvantage to ownership such as heavy weight,toxicity or inflated value when dismantled, tend to be under-represented by all but the most comprehensive collections and museums. They get relegated to the bottom of the wants list, derided as 'more trouble than they are worth', or just forgotten entirely. As a result, I started to notice gaps in the current representation of the history of electronic and electrical technology to the interested member of the public.
Following this idea around a bit, convinced me that a collection of the peculiar alone could not hope to survive on its own merits, but a museum that gave equal display space to the popular and the unpopular, would bring things to the attention of the average person that he has previously passed by or been shielded from. It's a matter of culture. From this, the Obsolete Technology Tellye Web Museum concept developed and all my other things too. It's an open platform for all electrical Electronic TV technology to have its few, but NOT last, moments of fame in a working, hand-on environment. We'll never own Colossus or Faraday's first transformer, but I can show things that you can't see at the Science Museum, and let you play with things that the Smithsonian can't allow people to touch, because my remit is different.
There was a society once that was the polar opposite of our disposable, junk society. A whole nation was built on the idea of placing quality before quantity in all things. The goal was not "more and newer," but "better and higher" .This attitude was reflected not only in the manufacturing of material goods, but also in the realms of art and architecture, as well as in the social fabric of everyday life. The goal was for each new cohort of children to stand on a higher level than the preceding cohort: they were to be healthier, stronger, more intelligent, and more vibrant in every way.
The society that prioritized human, social and material quality is a Winner. Truly, it is the high point of all Western civilization. Consequently, its defeat meant the defeat of civilization itself.
Today, the West is headed for the abyss. For the ultimate fate of our disposable society is for that society itself to be disposed of. And this will happen sooner, rather than later.How to use the site:
OLD, but ORIGINAL, Well made, Funny, Not remotely controlled............. and not Made in CHINA.
- If you landed here via any Search Engine, you will get what you searched for and you can search more using the search this blog feature provided by Google. You can visit more posts scrolling the left blog archive of all posts of the month/year,
or you can click on the main photo-page to start from the main page. Doing so it starts from the most recent post to the older post simple clicking on the Older Post button on the bottom of each page after reading , post after post.
You can even visit all posts, time to time, when reaching the bottom end of each page and click on the Older Post button.
- If you arrived here at the main page via bookmark you can visit all the site scrolling the left blog archive of all posts of the month/year pointing were you want , or more simple You can even visit all blog posts, from newer to older, clicking at the end of each bottom page on the Older Post button.
So you can see all the blog/site content surfing all pages in it.
- The search this blog feature provided by Google is a real search engine. If you're pointing particular things it will search IT for you; or you can place a brand name in the search query at your choice and visit all results page by page. It's useful since the content of the site is very large.
Note that if you don't find what you searched for, try it after a period of time; the site is a never ending job !
Every CRT Television saved let revive knowledge, thoughts, moments of the past life which will never return again.........
Many contemporary "televisions" (more correctly named as displays) would not have this level of staying power, many would ware out or require major services within just five years or less and of course, there is that perennial bug bear of planned obsolescence where components are deliberately designed to fail and, or manufactured with limited edition specificities..... and without considering........picture......sound........quality........
..............The bitterness of poor quality is remembered long after the sweetness of todays funny gadgets low price has faded from memory........ . . . . . .....Don't forget the past, the end of the world is upon us! Pretty soon it will all turn to dust!
Have big FUN ! !
©2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014 Frank Sharp - You do not have permission to copy photos and words from this blog, and any content may be never used it for auctions or commercial purposes, however feel free to post anything you see here with a courtesy link back, btw a link to the original post here , is mandatory.
All sets and apparates appearing here are property of
Engineer Frank Sharp. NOTHING HERE IS FOR SALE !
Thursday, May 2, 2013
The CGE TS301 is A 24 inches B/W Television with Tubes technology television with 4 Programs preselection with classic potentiometers for searching.
Was first model with a completely integrated tuner unit box with transitorized technology and further miniaturized compared to earlyer models.
(Televison set kindly donated to me by Marshal Elia Z.)
voltage stabilization
is automatically effected by the provision of an inductive pilot control device which is adapted to provide two excitation supply voltages for producing excitation or satuation of two magnetic circuits of a reversible booster transformer unit or units and diversion of flux from one magnetic circuit to the other, the booster unit being energized by primary windings from the A. C. supplysystem and being provided with a secondary winding or windings connected between the supply system and the corresponding inain or distribution circuit and in series therewith, through which a corrective boost voltage is
introduced into the circuit under the influence of the pilot control device, of an amount equal to that of the supply voltage fluctuation which initiated it and appropriate in polarity and direction for restoring the voltage to normal value and providing automatic stabilization of the circuit voltage against supply voltages which fluctuate above and below normal value.
The pilot control device which may be employed singly or may comprise three units or their equivalent when applied to multiphase supply systems comprises a pair of closed magnetic circuits or cores constructed of strip wound magnetic material or stacked laminations, the two
circuits forming a pair being constructed of materials possessing dis~similar magnetic characteristics when jointly energized by identical windings in series or by a collective primary winding, the said magnetic circuits being suitably proportioned to provide equal fluxes when energized at normal voltage.
The pilot control device is provided with a main and an auxiliary secondary winding or group of windings, the main secondary winding or windings being adapted to provide a voltage representing the difference in the fluxes of the two circuits to which it is jointly associated, while
the auxiliary secondary winding embraces only one circuit, preferably that subject to the least amount of flux variation. Either of the windings consists of two equal sections or in effect a double winding with a center tapping to which one end of the single winding is connected.
The voltage in the single secondary winding of the pilot device becomes directionally additive to that in one half of the tapped secondary winding a nd substractive in respect to that in the other half. When the supply voltage is normal the voltage provided by the single secondary winding is zero, since there is no difference of flux in the two magnetic circuits, and the two excitation voltages
produced in the halves of the other secondary winding are equal and when connected to the two excitation windings of the booster units, do not produce any diversion of flux between the two circuits or sets of circuits in the magnetic system of the booster transformer unit become equal, and since the series winding on the booster unit is arranged to provide a voltage due to the difference of
the fluxes in its two magnetic circuits or sets of magnetic circuits, no corrective voltage is introduced into the main circuit by the booster. If, however, the supply voltage varies from normal the pilot control device provides a voltage across the one secondary winding due to the difference in the fluxes of the two dis-similar magnetic circuits of which it is comprised, which voltage is combined with thosc in the halves of the other secondary winding to provide two excitation voltages which vary complementarily to each other as the supply voltage fluotuates, and cause a transference of flux between the two
circuits or groups of circuits in the booster unit and automatically provide a corrective boost voltage in the main circuit in which the series winding of the booster transformer is included of a value equal to that of the variation in supply voltage which initiated it.
The pilot device may be arranged in various ways, forboth single phase and multiphase operation, as exemplified by the constructions hereinafter more fully described.Similarly, numerous arrangements of the booster transformer unit are possible, some of which are hereinafter described in detail. The booster transformer unit embodies thc principles of the inductive devices described in my co-pending Application No. 411,189, filed February 18, 1954.
As an alternative to the provision of an auxiliary secondary winding on the pilot control device this may be
replaced by an independent or external source of supply,which may be either subject to or independent of supply voltage variation, provided such supply may be arranged with a center tapping if required.
Feed-back arrangements may be employed for providing compensation against voltage drop due to the effects of load in various ways. These are preferably providedon the booster transformer unit and may comprise a current transformer in one or more lines of the main circuit,
the secondary output of the transformer being rectified and arranged to energize an additional excitation winding on the booster transformer unit which in clfect increases the amount of the corrective boost voltage as the load increases.
The Compagnia Generale di Elettricità is General Electric Power Company, more famous with the Cge acronym, was an Italian joint-stock company electrical engineering and electronics manufacturer.
It was founded in 1921 to Milan like Italian division of the industrial group American General Electric. The activity of the society initially was oriented to the commercialization of receiving apparatuses of the RCA (radios) .
Towards the end of years twenty it began to always become producing of wireless apparatuses. The company grew quickly, and in the '30 it was placed between first place at a national level in production of radios. Remarkable happening collected models like Audioletta, Consoletta and Radio Balilla.
The production came widened also to the radiophonographs, amplifiers, loudspeakers, caps and systems of recording and reproduction. In the same period one specialized also in the production of other types of apparatuses electrical workers like dynamo, transformers and motors.
It was introduced in the field of the transports because for many years it supplied the equipment for the powertrain technology components machinery.
In 1941 the Cge acquired FAR (former SAFAR), created the FIAR (Italian Factory Apparatuses Radios) and two plants, to Milan and Baranzate.
The first one was used for the realization of a series of apparatuses radios and navigation, and the relative necessary components to the equipment fabrication radios electrical workers. The second instead was used for the normal production of wireless apparatuses. In the years after the Second World War resumptions the production activity, IT has extended to the household-electric appliances and televisions.
For how much it concerns this last field, great part of the production came moved in 1946 in the plant of Baranzate, that Italian Factory Radio and Televisori came renamed FIRT (). In 1958 it acquired the brand of the failed company manufacturer of wireless apparatuses Unda radio.
With the Unda brand it produced radio receivers till 1962. In 1950 in plant FIAR of Milan, the Cge was specialized in the construction of transmitter-receivers for army, while from 1961 it started the realization of radar for naval activity and aeronautics . FIAR came then joined to the Cge in 1967 [1]. In 1966, the electrotechnical production of the Cge met in Ansaldo-Saint George.
In the field of consumer electronics the Cge remained active in the successive years till 1994, when it stopped definitively the activity (AKA DEAD).
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Resisting the tide of post-modernity may be difficult, but I will attempt it anyway.
Your choice.........Live or DIE.
That indeed is where your liberty lies.


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Welcome to the Quilting Board!
GrannyLady - Having too much fun dressing my grandaughters.
Very Goodddd!!!!! Love the vintage carpet too!!
Thanks so much for sharing. I'm working on one too and I need to know how much padding he put under the ironing board cover. Any help would be appreciated. I have the baby changing table...garage sale $30.00, repair of door--$20.00. So I could put more into it. Will retire in 3 years and get to my quilting, I'm collecting everything I'll need.
Great room ,we quilters do enjoy our own space. storage is always needed.
Freedom to speak is a gift ;please don't take it from us..
Those of us with small rooms have to work extra hard to get it all in there and organized. You did a great job and kudos to your hubby for a good job on his innovations. Never thought of putting a light on the cutting table, I need that as my corner is dark so I might copy the idea. Nice looking room, thanks for sharing.
Last edited by SuzzyQ; 03-12-2014 at 04:00 PM.
GrannyLady - Having too much fun dressing my grandaughters.
This looks so organized so far. Hope you enjoy your special room.
There is magic in a kind word or warm smile.
What a cozy space! You have used your space so well.
And I LOVE your cat ruler holder! Where did you get it?
Great use of space...Great job...
Looks great - now all you need is boards to wrap all that fabric on. You have the perfect shelves for Easy Cores. They are for sale on the QB. There are lots of ways people wrap their fabric - but that's all this room really needs in my opinion! Lookin Good!
I just noticed your Readers Digest Sewing Book on your shelf. I have that one too and love it, great pictures and a lot of help. I don't use it often but when you need to know how to do something, it is in there! You have a nice sewing area!


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Waukesha, WI (PressExposure) May 08, 2009 -- Prescription analgesics are prescribed for millions of Americans for pain management and it is not uncommon for patients to either abuse or become dependent on those drugs. Recovery Now, featured on http://drug-addiction-support.org and http://alcoholism-support.org , will welcome psychologist Dr. Timothy Tyre (Capt., U.S. Navy, Ret.) of the ProHealth Care Pain Management Clinic, on Monday, May --, to discuss issues relating to pain management and opiate drugs.
Dr. Tyre is the author of over 30 articles covering psychosomatic medicine, pain, cancer care, law enforcement and counter-terrorism. His Naval career began with direct commission in 1983. Over 20 years his assignments included assignments as a medical intelligence officer for several units, as well as command positions, such as being named as a specialty advisor to the Navy Surgeon Generalâs Homeland Security office at BUMED in Washington, D.C.
Dr. Tyre is uniquely qualified to address issues relating to drugs and pain management, drugs and law enforcement, and drugs and society. He will join host Ned Wicker, Rev. Dr. Dan Geeding and Debbie Wicker in discussing these issues.
Recovery Now is featured on http://drug-addiction-support.org and on http://alcoholism-support.org and is updated every Monday evening at 7:00 (CDT). Recovery Now is also offered on BlogTalk Radio and iTunes.


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GraphicRiver 2 Styles of Web Login Forms 42215
Web Element \ Forms
Easily \ Layers \ Groups \ Organized \ Change \ Gradient \ Resize \ Created \ Simple
Web Element - 2 Styles of Web Login Forms 42215 by Creafik @ GraphicRiver
Web Element \ Forms
2 Styles of Web Login Forms
Fully layered 2 PSD file and template based on 960 Grid System (16 col)
- Very organized layers with layer names and groups.
- Most of the layers created with shape tool, so you can easily resize them.
- You can easily change color fill / gradient fill.
Layered: Yes; Minimum Adobe CS Version: CS; Pixel Dimensions: 1020x1020.
4 Photoshop Styles for Texts, Buttons and Shapes; My Business Card.
Keywords: admin, blue, clean, clean, form, login, multi-color, multicolor, orange, panel, simple, web.


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The others bitch about my drinking, but stress me out at the same time and do nothing to help with it. You, OTOH, understand and simply knock me unconscious into my favorite realm, dreamland, before I can overindulge. You are a drug, but you are legal. Everything about you is perfect.
Please marry me Valium!


text:
France T.A.A.F. Antarctic Kerguelen, St Paul, Dumont D'Urville covers x 3
Sold for:
Start Free Trial
or Sign In to see what it's worth.
- Sold Date:
- Source: eBay UK
France T.A.A.F. Antarctic Kerguelen, St Paul, Dumont D'Urville covers x 3
NOTES - IMPORTANT - PLEASE READItems sold to non-UK buyers that have a value over � 50.00 will be sent by International Signed For post. If you do not wish to pay for International Signed For postage costs please notify me in writing that you do not wish to use this service. I cannot be responsible for items lost in the post unless Registered or Recorded Delivery is paid for. For standard postage I always obtain a certificate of postage. For Multiple Purchases I combine postage. PAYMENTS I accept Paypal, Cheques and postal orders in GB pounds only. IBAN Payments in GBpounds only. No Payments are accepted in non GBs due to high bank exchange charges.


text:
Lyrics Depot is your source of lyrics to Wonder Why by Gilbert O'Sullivan. Please check back for more Gilbert O'Sullivan lyrics.
Wonder Why Lyrics
Artist: Gilbert O'Sullivan
Album: Life & Rhymes
Some say the right words, some say it's absurd
To think that children can brutally die
I say it's easy, so very easy
And all we do is wonder why
In spite of progress. you say we're making
In spite of wisdom. stretching afar
We find solutions, always solutions
But none to mend a broken heart
Can't be in two places at one time
I can't even stretch my legs
Without someone pointing a finger at me
Saying you'd better stop or else
You are the kingdom. you are the glory
No doubt without you I just couldn't survive
And yet It happens, oh when It happens
What do we do. we wonder why
Can't be In two places at one time
I can't even stretch my legs
Without someone pointing a finger at me
Saying you're too big for yourself
Some say the right words. some say it's absurd
To think that children. without food can die
I say It's easy. so very easy
And all we do is wonder why
Gilbert O'Sullivan Lyrics
Gilbert O'Sullivan Life & Rhymes Lyrics
More Gilbert O'Sullivan Music Lyrics:
Gilbert O'Sullivan - Came To see Me Yesterday (In The Merry Month Of) Lyrics
Gilbert O'Sullivan - Houdini Said Lyrics
Gilbert O'Sullivan - I Remember Once Lyrics
Gilbert O'Sullivan - If I Know You Lyrics
Gilbert O'Sullivan - I'll Believe It When I See It Lyrics
Gilbert O'Sullivan - Shy Lyrics
Gilbert O'Sullivan - Susan Van Heusen Lyrics
Gilbert O'Sullivan - We Will Lyrics


text: Post-bleaching application of an antioxidant on dentin bond strength of three dental adhesivesMaryam Khoroushi, Tahereh SaneieDental research journal2012BACKGROUND Antioxidizing agents have recently been suggested to compensate decreased bond strength of resin materials to bleached tooth tissues. This study compared the shear bond strength (SBS) of three different adhesives on bleached dentin immediately after bleaching, bleached/delayed for 1 week, and bleached/applied antioxidizing agent. MATERIALS AND… (More)


text:
Credit Advice
Have a question? Have advice to share? The combined knowledge and experience of everyone in the Credit Karma community can help you. Enter your question or help others below to get started!
QuestionPosted in Credit Karma
Question By
3211 People Helped
The only think CK has fixed so far is allowing me to post,
- Still not able to reply to any other posts at the web site. Been line this for over a Month.
And it seems that if you go to any sub advice section you can NO LONGER SORT those message in any other. ( You can if you JUMP thru other sections ) THIS SUCKS CK.
Reply to this Question
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text:
Clergy doing right thing is about timing not morality
The hierarchy has had ample opportunities to get its house in order but prefers to run away, writes Eilis O'Hanlon
Primate Sean Brady insists the long-awaited report into the mishandling of child sex abuse allegations by the diocese of Cloyne is "another dark day" in the history of the Irish Church. In this, as in so much else, he is entirely wrong. Any day on which light is cast on the obscure, murky workings of the Church is a day of illumination rather than darkness. That what it reveals is so utterly vile and contemptible is another matter altogether.
A previous such occasion, of course, was when Sean Brady's own involvement in the cover-up of priestly perversion was revealed in 2009, when the faithful discovered how he had, 30 years earlier as part of an internal investigation into allegations against notorious paedophile Fr Brendan Smyth, made children sign oaths not to tell anyone that they had been abused.
Smyth, one of the most repulsive characters ever to wear priestly garb, went on to abuse dozens more innocents before being finally arrested; but even then, Primate Brady refused to take full responsibility by resigning, claiming that he was, in effect, only following orders, and that this was how things were back then. He also claimed that the current climate was a "totally different one to that of the past".


text:
Delhi, India (PressExposure) March 18, 2011 -- The Cricket World cup is the ultimate tournament, where the teams battle out for the supremacy on the field and off the field. While they exhibit their strengths, it is their supporters who provide them immense motivation with their thunderous applauds and roars. The crowd is the 12th man in every match!! They say it absolutely right.
OLX India's "Crazy for Cricket" contest is one of the ways to reward cricket fans for their expert opinions, cricket knowledge, and their enthusiasm and love for cricket by presenting them an opportunity to win various endowments like Ipod Shuffle, movie tickets and more.
The "Crazy for Cricket" contest is simple and quirky where in the cricketing fans will be judged on a number of criteria's like how well they know their team & players, their prediction skills and creativity & wittiness, plus the recognition given to their responses by others. The contest in itself will be an amalgamation for various levels of difficulties to make the whole process more fun, intriguing and engaging for the adherent fans. OLX India will declare the top three performers as the winners every week based on the criteria and one Mega price winner will be declared at the end of the contest. The contest period is 15th March to 5th April 2011.
Founded in year 2006 OLX is present in 94 countries, 42 languages and has over 130 million unique visitors and 2 million new ads are posted every month, and OLX India is spread across all the major cities in India. OLX India is a unique platform where people can buy or sell items from an array of products & services like cars, electronics, computers, real estate, jobs & many more! Through an excellent internet trading model, it has created the largest online bazaar that is free of middlemen and is unconstrained by geographical boundaries thereby enabling easier interaction between buyers and sellers.
Details on the contest is available at http://www.facebook.com/olxindia


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Seafood HACCP Segment 2 Course
Course Fee: $120 per person. Fee includes course materials (handouts), refreshments, drinks, lunch, and a certificate of course completion from the Association of Food and Drug Officials (AFDO).
Course Prerequisite: Completion of HACCP Segment One Online Course (http://seafoodhaccp.cornell.edu/Intro/index.html)
Instructors: Doris Hicks (DE Sea Grant) Kim Coulbourne (MD Dept. Health & Mental Hygiene)
Registration Deadline: April 24, 2017 Contact: Tel: 302-745-1779; E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com
The Seafood HACCP Segment 2 Course is a one-day practical course developed by the Seafood HACCP Alliance (SHA) in cooperation with the Association of Food and Drug Officials (AFDO). This course provides a "standardized curriculum" recognized by the FDA and is taught by trained instructors. Participants must complete the Internet Seafood HACCP Segment One Course to attend this course. Attendees will be able to ask questions, get assistance, and apply what they have learned in the Segment One course. By completing this accredited course, participants will receive a certificate of course completion from AFDO that satisfies the FDA Seafood HACCP Regulation training requirements (21 CFR 123.10).
This course is a must for individuals who need to demonstrate compliance with the training requirements of the FDA, state health departments and regulatory agencies. Anyone involved in seafood handling, processing, packing, storing, transportation and distribution is encouraged to attend this course. During this course, participants will review HACCP principles, the FDA regulation, and the FDA Hazards Guide. Participants will also work in groups to conduct a Hazard Analysis and develop a HACCP plan for a model seafood business assigned by the instructors.
PLEASE NOTE: (1) To receive the certificate of course completion from AFDO and SHA, you must first complete the Basic Seafood HACCP Segment One Internet Course and provide a copy of the Internet course completion E-mail to show that you have completed the Segment One Internet course to be eligible to attend this Segment Two Course. More information about the Segment One online course can be found at: http://seafoodhaccp.cornell.edu/Intro/index.html. (2) You are required to bring your own printed copy of the FDA Fish and Fishery Products Hazards and Controls Guidance (FDA Hazards Guide) (Fourth Edition - April 2011, 468 pages), which can be ordered from the University of Florida via: http://ifasbooks.ifas.ufl.edu/c-8-haccp-seafood.aspx.


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Tony & Anita's 100% Top Quality Guarantee
Please notify us by phone or email within 7 days of delivery if you receive a plant that is questionable. We will gladly correct any subsequent issues that are our responsibility. Call 919-772-4794 or email email@example.com.
Our guarantee:
- 100% satisfaction with our plant quality or your money will be cheerfully refunded.
- We grow plants that are healthy and in prime condition.
- Our plants are adequately rooted (unless dormant) and true to variety.
- All offerings are personally selected by Tony.
- Our plants have been tested and trialed in garden conditions.
- We provide a guide to Care, Planting, and Feeding of Your New Plants in every order.
- Our expert staff is available Monday–Friday from 8-5pm to answer your plant care questions.
We are not responsible for losses caused by:
- Extreme and unseasonable weather conditions.
- Neglect to water, feed, prepare the soil, and site your plant appropriately.
- Death or damage from hungry animals, insects, or pets.
- Inadequate gardening skills.
- Inappropriate climate zone (clearly indicated with every plant for sale).
Please note: Due to the nature of perennials, you are buying root systems. A broken stem or leaf will not affect the health of the plant.
We stand behind the quality of every plant.


text:
Mahanoy City woman found guilty of drug possession in Schuylkill
Three jury trials were presided over by President Judge Willliam E. Baldwin in the Schuylkill County court recently.
Tracy Leigh Fuehrer, 35, Mahanoy City, was found guilty of possession and delivery of a controlled substance in the borough. She was cited by the Schuylkill County Drug Task Force. Baldwin released her on the same bail previously set for appearance in court for sentencing at a later date and ordered a presentence investigation (PSI) report prepared by the adult probation department.
Ernest Dale Schaeffer Jr., 33, Pine Grove, was on trial on charges of involutnary devious sexual intercourse, aggravated indecent assault, corruption of minors, indecent exposure and indecent assault. After several hours of deliberation a jury could not agree on a verdict and Baldwin ruled a mis-trial and returned the case to the district attorney for further action.
The defendant denied committing the acts.
Adam Adams, 25, Shamokin, formerly of Gordon, was found not guilty by a jury of criminal conspiracy and possession with intent to deliver a controlled substance. He was in an apartment in Gordon with several other people when Butler Township police staged a raid.


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- Service & Staff
- Date & Time
- Your Details
- Confirm
- Finished
Select a service
Longmont / Mead repairs
$50 minimum, additional charges may apply.
Frederick / Firestone repairs
$55 minimum, additional charges may apply
Boulder / Gunnbarrel repairs
$60 minimum, additional charges may apply
Other Cities North repairs
$60 minimum, additional charges may apply
Other Cities South repairs
$60 minimum, additional charges may apply.
Lyons / W. Longmont repairs
$55 minimum, additional charges may apply
Business Information
Mon8:00am - 6:30pm
Tue8:00am - 6:30pm
Wed8:00am - 6:30pm
Thu8:00am - 6:30pm
Fri8:00am - 6:30pm
Sat8:00am - 6:30pm
|(303) 746-0467
Recent reviews
J.B. - Nov 16, 2017
JLB has been doing our sprinkler system work in Longmont for a couple of years now. They are honest, reliable and reasonable and they show up when they say will be there, and then get the job done! Highly recommended!
Fall Sprinkler Blow-Out
J.t. - Nov 14, 2017
I have used JLB for quite a few years and they never disappoint. They have been wonderful to work with each year. Athough I have previously worked with Jeff, this year Juan did the work and was very professional and efficient. I highly recommend them for your Sprinkler System needs.
Top notch!!
David D - Nov 11, 2017
Working with JLB Landscaping was easy from A-Z. They winterized my sprinkler system, and identified a couple of things that should be repaired. But they said that it would be best to wait until Spring - they are obviously more interested in a long-term business relationship than making a quick buck!! Very reasonably priced services.
Frank and Diane K - Nov 11, 2017
Scheduling our appointment online was so easy and fast! Juan arrived at the scheduled time and blew out our system quickly. We would certainly recommend JLB. Super service!
A Job Well Done!
Mario Latini - Nov 11, 2017
I had our sprinklers blown out on November 10. The tech was a few minutes early and did a thorough job, making sure all lines were completely blown out. The on-line scheduling is a real plus as you can see what times are available! I can highly recommend JLB!


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The BootzCast 5 ft. Soaking Tub helps you soak away the day's cares with its integral 40 degree lumbar support and composite backing that offers great heat retention to help keep your water warmer longer. The porcelain finish is non porous and easy to clean and the built-in leveling support pad helps make installation easy. BootzCast offers the qualities of cast iron, without the cost and weight.
- Built-in leveling support pad does not require a mortar base, making installation easy
- Porcelain-enameled steel construction is encased with layers of SYNIRON 2 material for durability, high heat retention and low sound
- The BootzCast 5 ft. bath tub's porcelain finish is abrasion resistant, flameproof and colorfast - will always retain its glossy finish, porcelain will not burn or fade like composite tubs
- The BootzCast bath tub complies with the Buy America Act and with the following industry standards: ASME A112.19-2008/CSA B45.2-2008
- Check out our helpful guide on how to remove and replace a bathtub.


text:
Open for Inspection Times
No inspections are currently scheduled.
Contact the agent to arrange an appointment.
48 Thomas Benalla
It is not often that a house on larger than 1/4 acre block so close to town becomes available.
Beginning with spacious block that measures approx 1180m2; the home is to one side of the property so there is plenty of room in front, side and back for further development, gardens or subdivision.
The weatherboard home is in the style of a Californian bungalow but it is run-down and in need of repair, renovation or replacement.
The home is liveable but has been divided into three separate flats with one currently tenanted. Close to amenities, within walking distance to Benalla lake, Arundel Street and Thomas street shops.
At $205,000 this property is priced to sell and can be lived in now and renovated or re-built later.
Properties like this are rare so put your design cap on and contact us for a viewing.
L J Hooker Benalla office is open 7 days a week, with staff contactable 24/7. Contact us now to arrange an inspection of this exciting property!!
Property No. 126737526
Page Visits: {0}
- General Features
- Property Type:House
- Bedrooms:3
- Bathrooms:3
- Indoor Features
- Toilets:3
- Outdoor Features
- Open Car Spaces:3
Floorplans & Interactive Tours
Details not provided
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Explore the prices, people and lifestyle that's on offer.
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The price of a property that falls in the middle of a total number of s sold over a period of time, based on listings over the preceding 12 months.
Data supplied by RP Data Pty Ltd trading as CoreLogic
This information has been obtained by RP Data Pty Ltd trading as CoreLogic and is subject to the following copyright:
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© 2017 Copyright RP Data Pty Ltd trading as CoreLogic (CoreLogic), Local, State, and Commonwealth Governments. All rights reserved. No reproduction, publication, adaption, modification, public communication, distribution or transmission of the copyrighted materials in this publication is permitted whether in whole or in part. The copyrighted materials in this publication are provided for personal or internal business purposes only unless otherwise agreed in writing.
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UK pub giant adds fourth Dublin link to growing chain
UK pub chain JD Wetherspoon is to create 85 new jobs when it opens its fourth pub in the Republic of Ireland on Tuesday.
The company has spent €2.8m developing the outlet on the site of an existing pub, previously a school, on the main street in Swords, North County Dublin. The pub will be called The Old Borough and "will specialise in real ales, as well as craft and world beers, serving a wide range of different draught ales, as well as bottled beers, including those from local and regional brewers," Wetherspoon said.
The pub's manager, Dan Foster, said his team "are confident that it will be a great addition to the Swords community2.
The company already runs three pubs in Dublin: The Three Tun Tavern in Blackrock, The Forty Foot in Dun Laoghaire and The Great Wood in Blanchardstown.
It will open a pub in Cork in September, has bought a site in Waterford and has been eyeing a site in Carlow.
Irish Independent


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Jack Kornfield Quotes About HonorQuotes about: Honor
When we come into the present, we begin to feel the life around us again, but we also encounter whatever we have been avoiding. We must have the courage to face whatever is present - our pain, our desires, our grief, our loss, our secret hopes our love - everything that moves us most deeply.
Forgiveness sees wisely. It willingly acknowledges what is unjust, harmful, and wrong. It bravely recognizes sufferings of the past, and understands the conditions that brought them about.Forgiveness honors the heart's greatest dignity. Whenever we are lost, it brings us back to the ground of love.Without forgiveness our lives are chained, forced to carry the sufferings of the past and repeat them with no release.
It takes courage to grieve, to honor the pain we carry. We can grieve in tears or in meditative silence, in prayer or in song. In touching the pain of recent and long-held griefs, we come face to face with our genuine human vulnerability, with helplessness and hopelessness. These are the storm clouds of the heart.


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- Please select a date to see the proper prices!
Description of the accommodation:
Rooms, services The guests of Aruba Beach Villas Malmok may stay in a nicely furnished, comfortable room in Malmok. The exact list of services available at Aruba Beach Villas Malmok (including those for an extra fee) and the exact list of equipment in a room can be found on the information sheet below.
Payment Depeding on the selected room, date and price, you may be asked to provide credit card guarantee or to pay by credit card in advance.
Arrival, opening hours The personnel can communicate with you in the following languages: Dutch and English.
Aruba Beach Villas Malmok rooms Rooms
- Please select a date to see the proper prices!
Accommodation services
- Pool (Outdoor - seasonally open)
Hairdryer, Fridge, Microwave oven, Tea/coffee-maker


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Elephant Formulary
© 2003-17 Susan K. Mikota DVM and Donald C. Plumb, Pharm.D. Published by
Elephant Care International
Disclaimer: the information on this page is used entirely at the reader's discretion, and is made available on the express condition that no liability, expressed or implied, is accepted by the authors or publisher for the accuracy, content, or use thereof.
Elephant specific information, if available, is in blue.
a) 10 mg/kg orally for amphistomiasis and cestodiasis (Chandrasekharan, 2002)
Elephant references:
a) Chandrasekharan,K. 2002. Specific diseases of Asian elephants. Journal of Indian Veterinary Association Kerala 7:(3):31-34


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New research has revealed the amount of time guys spend each day perving on the opposite sex. The results will surprise you.
The British study shows that men spend around 43 minutes a day gawking at the opposite sex and will give the old up-and-down to about 10 women a day. That adds up to 259 hours or almost 11 days each year. So from the ages of 18 to 50, the average man will spend almost an entire year of his life indulging in some eye candy.
Women are also guilty of sizing up the opposite sex, though not as much as men. The research shows that women ogle about six guys a day and on average spend about 20 minutes a day getting their man fix.
Mark Ireland, a spokesman for Kodak Lens Vision Centers, which carried out the poll, said, "A year of their life is a long time to spend with their eyes fixed on the opposite sex. However, men have their work cut out if they are going to impress a woman as they spend half the amount of time gazing at guys." I think Mr. Ireland missed the point. We guys aren't trying to impress, we just want to take in the view.
Do you think the study is correct? How many women, on average, would you gawk at on any given day?
Source: Digital Vision/Getty Images
© 2017 Spike Cable Networks. All Rights Reserved.


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Ruth and Harry got in Western mood
Ruth Wilson has said she and her Lone Ranger co-star Harry Treadaway learned about Westerns together.
The Luther actress said she was already old friends with fellow Brit Harry and they would get together to learn more about the culture of Westerns.
She said: "Harry I've known for years, he went to drama school with me, so it was really nice to have a sort of comrade in arms on the set and someone that you've got a friendship with already."
Ruth revealed director Gore Verbinski had made some Western-themed playlists to get his Brit stars in the right frame of mind for playing cowboys.
She said: "We shared documentaries and we listened to music and Gore made me a CD of music that was inspired by Westerns, Johnny Cash etc, so we would just sit and listen to this stuff and Harry would play his guitar.
"We shared a lot of information and books and talked about it, spoke to each other in the accents, and it was great having him there, it was really good."
The Lone Ranger, which also stars Johnny Depp and Armie Hammer, is out in cinemas now.


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Disclaimer: I don't own Charmed, or any of its characters… I just wish I did.
Author's Note: This story is actually growing from a seed sparked in conversation with the "other half of my brain" strikermac. I can't claim the original idea, it's hers, so, we'll call this story a collaborated effort between the two halves of our unified brain. This story takes place a few months after Chris's recovery in my other "teenage years" story A Handful of Stones. Chris is 16 and Wyatt is 18.
Piper Halliwell sat silently in the desk chair in her eldest son's room with her arms crossed over her chest and a far too calm expression on her face. The alarm clock next to the teenager's rumpled bed read 2:35 am. The door to the room creaked and Piper looked up, ready to lay into her sons only to discover that it was her husband, Leo.
"Your sons," Piper stated placidly.
"I'm sure they are fine Piper," Leo said, stepping further into the room. The man raised an eyebrow when he saw the pillows that had been tucked under the covers with the obvious intention of making it appear someone was laying in the bed.
"I'm glad you're sure," Piper sniped softly, "They could be lying dead in the underworld for all we know. You know those three use it as their own personal playground."
Piper looked at her watch, "Five more minutes and I call Paige."
Just then a swirl of blue and white lights appeared right next to the bed, forming into the figures of two teenage boys. Wyatt was slumped heavily against Chris, completely passed out and the younger brother was the only thing holding him up.
"Christopher Perry and Wyatt Matthew Halliwell, it is a school night," Piper said in a low and dangerous voice when she heard the jingle of orbs, "Do you have any idea what time it is?"
Chris sucked in a breath through his teeth when he saw his parents in the room and winced. "Mom!"
"Is he hurt?" Piper demanded with a flash of worry when she saw the state that her eldest son was in. She leapt to her feet and crossed the room towards her sons. Leo moved from the doorway right behind her.
"Not really," Chris said, looking sheepishly at his parents and back to Wyatt.
Piper's eyes narrowed suspiciously and she leaned towards them. The strong scent of alcohol met her nostrils and her eyes went wide in anger. "He's drunk! Where were you?"
"There was a band playing at this bar we wanted to see. They only check I.D.'s at the door, so…"
"Orb him to the bed and go to your room. Now," Piper said with a note of finality. Chris hastily orbed his brother into the bed and bolted past his parents to his own room. Piper turned to look at Leo, her lips compressed into a thin line. One of Wyatt's arms hung over the side of the bed, but he didn't seem to care as he started to snore softly.
"Your sons," she repeated to Leo.
The next afternoon, after a long morning with his head pounding while he had to endure his Friday classes, Wyatt was laying on his bed in his room. They had both been grounded. Piper had sentenced them both to their rooms. "Grounded until further notice." He knew he wasn't supposed to be, but Wyatt was on his phone talking to his best friend when the jingle of orbs caught his attention. He lifted his eyebrows and looked towards his little brother standing there holding something in his hands.
"I gotta go, see you tomorrow," Wyatt said into the receiver, sitting up and dropping the phone back into the cradle. He asked Chris, "Did you get them?"
Chris's face split into a wide beaming grin of happiness as he triumphantly held up three tickets. "I got them. Front row, center stage."
Wyatt laughed and got off of his bed, "D.J. said you'd never get them."
"Just don't ask how I got them. I mean, I bought them and all, but had to do some fast-talking with these pretty little Swedish girls to get them. By the way, we have dates for the concert," Chris said, with a fiery blush creeping suddenly into his cheeks.
"Christopher Perry Halliwell!" Piper's voice bellowed. Chris's blush vanished and color drained from his face.
"Your jacket," Chris threw it at Wyatt and hid the tickets in Wyatt's desk. He quickly sat down in the chair and spun it around to face the door, plastering an innocent smile on his face. Wyatt caught his jacket just as the door flew open.
"Where are you supposed to be?" Piper asked from the doorway.
"My room," Chris said.
"And where are you?" Piper asked.
"Wyatt's room," Chris answered, then the sixteen-year-old smoothly added, "But technically this used to be my room too, so technically I'm still in my room." He was trying to charm her and both he and Wyatt knew that he had failed miserably. Wyatt smiled while their mother glared.
"You come home drunk and think this little game is funny," Piper said.
"I wasn't drunk mom, I was the designated orber," Chris delivered in complete seriousness. Wyatt had no idea how his little brother could keep a straight face while he said that. Wyatt certainly couldn't have done it. Then again Wyatt couldn't stop the snorting snicker that culminated into him bursting into outright laughter just hearing his brother say it.
"To your room, now," Piper snapped. Clearly their mother didn't find it quite so amusing.
Chris smiled and hurried out of the room, while Wyatt was still trying to stifle his amusement at his brother's sarcastic comment.
Once he was out, Piper rounded on Wyatt, "You think that it's funny that you came home drunk? What if something happened to Chris?"
Wyatt's mother knew which nerve to strike at and Wyatt stood up. Even with his grand advantage in height, his mother still managed somehow to make it seem like it was her looking down at him. Still, Wyatt protested defensively. He would never let something happen to his little brother if he could help it. "I was looking after him mom."
"You were drunk!!!" Piper bellowed, causing Wyatt to sit back on his bed and cringe.
"Wyatt!!!" Chris screamed in a desperately shrill cry from the room next door.
Wyatt's cringe turned into a grimace as he felt the sharp pain in his stomach sear agonizingly through him. The only thing was that it wasn't his pain he was feeling. He leapt to his feet and brushed past his still outraged, but now startled mother, and ran from the room in time to see the Darklighter shooting a second arrow. This one sunk into Chris's ribs. Wyatt's heart sank when he saw his brother crumple to the floor and he very nearly followed him with the waves of pain radiating through their link. Eyes narrowing, Wyatt lifted his hands, ready to dispatch the Darklighter.
His mother beat him to the punch. Piper brushed past Wyatt, putting herself between her son and the Darklighter protectively. She flung her hands out and blew the demon into dust. Immediately she dropped next to her youngest son and rolled him over so she could pull the arrows out. "Heal him quick."
His mother didn't even have to say it, Wyatt dropped down next to his brother, his hands going out to be held over the two wounds. He waited, holding his breath for the healing glow to come. He only let the breath out once the golden light appeared and Chris's injuries began knitting themselves back together. The color finally returned to Chris's cheeks and the dark-haired teen groaned softly.
"You okay, bro?" Wyatt asked.
Chris's eyes fluttered open and he slowly sat up with Wyatt's help, "He was waiting for me."
Piper shook her head, "Oh, no. I will not have them coming into your rooms to kill you. The alarms are going back up." She stood up and walked towards the door to leave the room.
"Mom, we're a little old for demon alarms, that's for babies," Chris said to his mother's back. She didn't stop, just walked out of the room and headed towards the attic to get the box of crystals. Once Piper got an idea into her head there was no talking her out of it if she didn't want to be talked out of it. At least Chris and Wyatt had both gotten it honest. Chris looked at Wyatt, lowering his voice, "You been to the underworld recently?"
Wyatt shook his head, also keeping his voice lowered, "No, you?"
"Huh-uh," Chris said, "So why did they attack here? I thought they learned their lesson after the last time."
"Looks like we need to check this out and soon," Wyatt said. He climbed to his feet and offered Chris a hand.
"After the concert?" Chris asked with a small grin as he took Wyatt's hand.
"After the concert," Wyatt agreed, "Let's just hope you being turned into a pin cushion doesn't make Mom change her plans… otherwise, there won't be any concert."
"Hello!" Victor called into the Manor as he walked into the front door. He smiled as he saw the suitcases waiting in the foyer and walked around them. He was about to spend the weekend with his two teenaged grandsons and had been looking forward to it since his eldest daughter had called to see if he could stay with them. Keep an eye on them. It wasn't like they needed a baby sitter any longer, but Victor still enjoyed the time with them. "I'm here! Where is everyone?"
Piper walked into the foyer with a box of crystals in her hand, "The boys are in their rooms where they are supposed to stay. They're both grounded."
"Grounded?" Victor asked, following his eldest daughter as she placed the crystals one by one strategically around the house.
"Yes. Grounded. Apparently, they decided to orb themselves into a nightclub last night to hear a band and so that Wyatt could get drunk," Piper said, to which Victor raised his eyebrows, fighting down a smile so that Piper wouldn't see. Piper continued as she finished placing the last crystal, "They are under strict orders to stay in their rooms except for meals. No phone. No friends. No television. No stereo. No leaving the house. When I say their rooms, I mean their separate rooms, Dad. That's part of their punishment."
"What's with the crystals?" Victor asked, "Don't you think that's taking the house arrest thing a bit too far?"
"Demonic alarm system," Piper told him, "Chris was attacked in his bedroom an hour ago."
She was moving into the kitchen now and Victor followed her. She busied herself pulling several vials out and arranging them on the counter, "I have half a mind to cancel this trip and postpone the opening of the new restaurant so that Leo and I can stay here… LEO!" She shouted up to the ceiling, and then went right back to talking to her father, "He's stalling because he doesn't want to get on a plane again. Last time there was terrible turbulence and he gripped the armrests with a death grip the entire flight. All right, I've got potions here in case of demon attacks. If you need more Chris can make them. He can leave his room for that if it becomes necessary. Do not let Wyatt try to make potions, no matter how much he begs. He nearly blew up the Manor the last time, so all of his potion making attempts must be strictly supervised until further notice. LEO!"
"I'm coming!" his voice called from upstairs.
Victor winced when she shouted again, but ended it in eyeing the potions dubiously and trying to take in all of her instructions. He heard footsteps moving upstairs and coming down the stairs along with the thumps of something heavy.
"What did you put in this one? Lead?" Victor heard Leo's voice call from the other room.
Piper wasn't finished giving her instructions. She handed victor a notepad with several phone numbers on it, "This is the number for the hotel we'll be staying at in New York. This one is for the restaurant where we'll be most of the time we're there. This one is my cell phone in case you can't reach us at either. Phoebe and Paige can help out if you need them, you know their numbers or you can just yell for Paige…"
Victor interrupted her, resting his hands on her shoulders and smiled at her, "It'll be fine honey. You and Leo catch your plane. I've got the boys covered."
"You call for Paige if anything goes wrong and send her to get me immediately," Piper said, "I left a casserole in the fridge with instructions for reheating it."
"Piper, as much as I don't want to fly, if we don't leave soon, we're going to miss our plane!" Leo called from the other room.
"Go," Victor said, hugging his daughter, "You don't want to miss your flight. I love you."
"Love you too, thanks Dad," Piper said. She cast a worried glance upstairs, then sighed and walked out of the kitchen to help Leo load up the car so they could leave. Victor looked at the potions on the counter once she had stepped out of the room and picked one up, examining it in the light. He made a face.
Author's Note: Not really going to be updating this story until after I'm finished with Handful of Stones and The Crucible, but strikermac and I are working on it in the background. :) This is just to give you guys a sneak preview and a taste of what's to come!


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Texas police officer under fire after message to illegal immigrants goes viral
A Texas police officer is under fire after posting an unauthorized video telling undocumented immigrants in his city that his department has not enforced immigration laws "for many, many years."
Fort Worth Officer Daniel Segura posted a nearly 6-minute video on his Facebook page Wednesday morning, hoping to calm fears in the local Hispanic community following President Donald Trump's executive orders on immigration and the national debate over "sanctuary cities."
He said his fellow police officers "don't care" about a person's immigration status and that they have the "same rights as anyone else who lives in Fort Worth."
"We are going to defend you. We are going to protect you," Segura said in Spanish.
It was Segura's talk about the enforcement of federal immigration laws that got him in the most trouble.
Read more on FOX NEWS.


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Sure a true Christian would because the conflict comes in as to whether to believe man or God's word.
The number of evos who claim to be Christians and yet who deny much of the Bible as true and the fact that Jesus Himself, on whom Christianity is based, treated the OT and its events as facts; have to decide whether the Bible is true and Jesus is telling the truth about it, or whether evolution is true and Jesus is lying. You can't have it both ways.
And not everyone who claims to be a Christian is one.
Matt 7:15-23 "Watch out for false prophets. They come to you in sheep's clothing, but inwardly they are ferocious wolves. By their fruit you will recognize them. Do people pick grapes from thornbushes, or figs from thistles? Likewise every good tree bears good fruit, but a bad tree bears bad fruit. A good tree cannot bear bad fruit, and a bad tree cannot bear good fruit. Every tree that does not bear good fruit is cut down and thrown into the fire. Thus, by their fruit you will recognize them.
"Not everyone who says to me, 'Lord, Lord,' will enter the kingdom of heaven, but only he who does the will of my Father who is in heaven. Many will say to me on that day, 'Lord, Lord, did we not prophesy in your name, and in your name drive out demons and perform many miracles?' Then I will tell them plainly, 'I never knew you. Away from me, you evildoers!'
There are plenty of other places in the Gospels where Jesus makes comments like this as well.
You should try reading them sometime.
"Sure a true Christian would because the conflict comes in as to whether to believe man or God's word."
The bible is allegorical. Christians understand that, and most accept it. Those who don't fall into 2 categories:
o Those who base their literal argument on faith alone and don't seek to rely on "science" to prove creation and disprove evolution. This is the larger of the 2 groups. I respect them.
o Those whose faith is week and need to pervert science to provide them some false firmament. These are the cultists. You belong to this group, as does the rest of the ping list.
When I told my son about Santa Claus, was I "lying"? Or was I using an accepted reference suitable for his age to teach a larger lesson? Should he reject everything I've said since then because I "lied" about that?
Everybody thinks some of the Bible isn't true. You yourself have tried to explain how the "windows of Heaven" aren't really windows. Is the Bible lying when it says there are holes in the sky? Jesus referenced Noah, as creationists love to point out. Does that mean Jesus was lying about there being holes in the sky?
And not everyone who claims to be a Christian is one.
And here we come to the crux of the matter. This isn't really about the evidence or the science. This is about being able to tell other people they're not Christian. How ironic that you chose to quote the chapter that starts with "judge not."