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Stuck in the belief system that if you're not working out at high intensities or pumping heavy iron, you won't see results, yoga was nowhere on my radar for years. My interest in yoga didn't develop until a cleanse I was following recommended it as a gentle practice to aid detoxification. Committed to achieving the best results, I followed the advice and found a Bikram studio in Chicago. During my first class, I noticed my ability to perform the yoga asanas or poses was compromised on my left side. The trouble was due to a three degree tear of my PCL (posterior cruciate ligament). I was 28 years old at the time and felt defeated by my body's lack of strength, flexibility and agility. But I wasn't about to give up. I kept going back and after a few classes noticed I was able to move slightly deeper into the pose each day. My progress excited and kept me committed. After 30 days, both sides of my body were equally strong and flexible—nothing shy of a miracle from where I started.
My yoga practice has fluctuated over the years. I've experimented with different studios, teachers, and styles. Before my breast cancer diagnosis, yoga had taken a back seat to skiing, mountain biking and hiking. After my diagnosis, I was thankful to have this practice to fall back on. Yoga has served as the only form of exercise I have consistently stuck with throughout my treatment and healing. It is my primary form of exercise, and surprise surprise, I've never felt stronger, leaner and more fit.
There are many excuses one can make to avoid yoga including, 1) I've never done it, 2) I'll hate it, 3) It's not for me, 4) It's for women only, 5) My booty looks big in yoga pants, 6) Yoga is for tree hugging, granola munching, crunchy people only, 7) I'm too wound up, 8) I don't have time, 9) It's too spiritual, 10) I'm not flexible, 11) I'm too tired, 12) I'm too sick, 13) I like beer and hot dogs and, therefore, couldn't possibly do yoga, 14) Fill in your excuse here _____. If you find yourself making any of these excuses, yoga will likely be perfect for you!
How to Succeed at Yoga
Keep an open mind
Everything you do for the first time feels strange in some way. As adults, it's uncomfortable not knowing what you're doing. Check your expectations and insecurities at the door and allow your experience to unfold naturally. You might be pleasantly surprised with what you find if go in without any preconceived notions of what yoga should or shouldn't be.
Find a studio and teachers you love
I stopped my yoga practice a few years ago because the gym I joined lacked the environment and teachers I desired. Instead of seeking out what I wanted, I quit. Now I'm at a gym I love, with a yoga studio that meets my needs, and has teachers I enjoy. Trust your gut. If the class or studio feels off to you, shop around until you find what feels right. If you live in a location where one of the daily deal sites offers discounts, I'd start there. I purchased a 20-punch card in Phoenix for $10 at what turned out to be an excellent studio. Alternatively, go with a friend and try their studio. See if they can get you a guest card. Some places will offer the first class for free.
Understand no one is looking at you
Recently, a regular in my class asked me to let him know if is underwear poked out during class. I said he'd have to figure that out himself because the odds of me looking at him, even though he was in the row ahead of me, were slim to none. Most people in your class have likely been doing yoga long enough to know what's going on. We are focused on our breath and the intention we set for our practice. You might look around the room to figure out what you're doing, which is natural. But the majority of us are in a world of our own. No one will notice if you can't do a pose. One day soon, you won't be looking at anyone else either.
Wear something you feel comfortable in
Lululemon has contributed to the illusion that yoga class is a fashion show. It's not. If you feel judged by what you wear, you're at the wrong studio. Wear what you'd usually work out in and adjust going forward as needed.
Make it about you and what you need
We're all on the mat for different reasons. Discover what you need and set an intention for each class. Listen to your body. If a posture is hurting, stop. Talk to the teacher. Let them know what's going on. If you're tired, rest. During my intensive treatment phase, I spent a disproportionate amount of class in child's pose while everyone else toughed it out. I couldn't have cared less. I was proud to be there and acknowledged the benefit of being in child's or corpse pose, as opposed to being home in bed. Honor your body and what it needs.
Why Yoga Will be the Best Practice of Your Life
The benefits are immeasurable, but here are several reasons to get on the mat
Decreases stress. Releases endorphins. Builds strength (inner and outer) and increases flexibility. Drains lymphatic system (flushing junk from treatment out of your body). Provides mental clarity. Enhances respiration. Leads to better bone health. Gets your blood flowing. Boosts immunity. Regulates adrenal glands. Supports proper digestion. Reduces pain. Improves your relationships. Balances your brain. Makes you happy!!! The benefits are endless.
I love my yoga practice. When my mind is spinning a mile a minute, it helps me reel in my crazy thoughts. When my body feels sluggish, tight and off, yoga provides me with energy I didn't think I had. When I can't let go of thoughts, they emerge and are released during class. When I've felt unable to workout at my usual levels, yoga gave me a way to move my body that felt nourishing and empowering. Today, as a result of my continuing yoga practice I am stronger than ever–physically and mentally.
Now that you're all ready to stretch, strengthen and relax…..
Photo Creds: my strong, brave, fierce yoga teacher who captured me as I fell. Yoga is a practice.


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April O Neil and Vanilla Deville sucking one cock in threesome
Duration: 3min 00sec Views: 9 215 Submitted: 5 years ago Submitted by:
Description: Nerdy teen April O'Neil decides to do an in depth story into threesome blowjobs with horny MILF Vanilla DeVille. Her investigation gets derailed as soon as a schlong is presented because these two nymphs can't resist thick man meat.
Channel: Reality Kings
Pornstars: April O'Neil Vanilla DeVille

subset: commoncrawl


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25-27 August: Colloquium on African Languages and Linguistics
On 25, 26 and 27 August 2014, the 44th edition of the Colloquium on African Languages and Linguistics (CALL) will take place in Leiden.
Invitation to CALL 2014
We are pleased to invite you to the 44th Colloquium on African Languages and Linguistics, to be held in Leiden on 25, 26 and 27 August, from Monday morning through Wednesday afternoon.
Papers and research reports on all aspects of African languages and linguistics are welcome. We shall allow 30 minutes for the presentation of each paper, including (10 minutes) discussion.
Here you can find a pdf file of the invitation. Please share this with your colleagues.
Please register before 1 June 2014, by sending an email to firstname.lastname@example.com. If you would like to give a presentation, we only need the title of your presentation, so you do not need to send an abstract. Please make sure your message for registration contains your name, affiliation, title of the paper (in French or English, depending on the language of your presentation) and your email address.
Registration fee
The registration fee will be 30 euro, to be paid on Monday morning the 25th. On Monday evening, there will be a dinner, which costs an extra 25 euro. If you would like to attend the dinner, please let us know while registering for the colloquium.
Preliminary programme
The preliminary programme has been finalized. Please note that this programme may still be subject to changes.
We suggest you try to book your own accommodation. A list of suitable options you can find here.
If you need an official letter of acceptance of your participation, please let us know. If you need a visa to enter the Netherlands, please start procedures well ahead of time.
Unfortunately it is not possible to provide financial assistance.


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Sir Thomas Overbury
5 of 18 portraits of Sir Thomas Overbury
© National Portrait Gallery, London
Sir Thomas Overbury
by and published by Simon de Passe
line engraving, circa 1613-1622
4 5/8 in. x 2 5/8 in. (119 mm x 68 mm) plate size; 5 3/8 in. x 3 1/4 in. (137 mm x 81 mm) paper size
Purchased with help from the Friends of the National Libraries and the Pilgrim Trust, 1966
Reference Collection
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Sitterback to top
- Sir Thomas Overbury (1581-1613), Poet and courtier. Sitter associated with 18 portraits.
Artistback to top
- Simon de Passe (1595-1647), Engraver. Artist associated with 202 portraits, Sitter in 4 portraits.
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Subjects & Themesback to top
Events of 1613back to top
Current affairsEarl of Suffolk's daughter, Francis Howard marries the king's favourite, Robert Carr, Earl of Somerset. Only months before, courtier Sir Thomas Overbury who opposed the marriage, dies in the Tower; by 1615 the couple are convicted of his murder.
James I's daughter, Princess Elizabeth, marries Frederick V, elector palatine.
Art and scienceOne of the most important dramatists of the age, John Fletcher, collaborates with William Shakespeare on two plays, Henry VIII and The Two Noble Kinsmen.
The Globe Theatre burns down during a performance of William Shakespeare's Henry VIII.
InternationalPhilip III of Spain sends ambassador, Diego Sarmiento de Acuña to England. His post is dominated with the issue concerning a possible marriage alliance between James I's eldest son, Charles, and Philip's second eldest daughter, Maria Anna. The match is much favoured by the James I's Catholic consort, Queen Anne.
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Jill Zarin
Latest Jill Zarin
Jill Zarin Hospitalized After 'Major' Car Crash In NYC Leaves Her Unconscious
Oh no! Jill Zarin was reportedly involved in 'major car accident' while driving in New York City on Oct. 2. The 'Real Housewives of New York' star was said to have not been wearing her seatbelt and was immediately rushed to the hospital following the horrifying event.
Jill Zarin, 51, was hit by a car on her way to promote her new film, Night of the Wild in New York City on October 2. The Real Housewives of New York star was reportedly unconscious at the scene of the accident, which involved two other vehicles, before being rushed to the hospital. We hope she's ok!
Jill Zarin Gets Mauled By Two Dogs In New Movie — Watch
Jill Zarin stars alongside Kelly Rutherford in the upcoming SYFY thriller, 'Night of the Wild,' and what appear to be adorable little pups turn out to be nightmarish creatures that begin attacking their sleepy town! Jill is one of the victims and HollywoodLife.com has the gruesome video!
WARNING: This is not suitable for you if you are scared of puppies, around small children or eating your lunch [gulp]. Former RHONY star, Jill Zarin, has always been a dog lover but things go very, very wrong in her upcoming movie, Night of the Wild. HollywoodLife.com has an exclusive clip from the movie which shows Liz, played by Jill, crying in her car when her puppy suddenly morphs into two and rips her nose off! Yikes!
Snooki & More Celebrities Tweet Their Favorite Cyber Monday Deals For You
Looking for the best Cyber Monday deals? So are a ton of celebrities! Reality TV stars like Snooki, Teresa Giudice, Jill Zarin and more have been tweeting about their favorite deals & steals (and promoting their own products) — keep reading to find out where they're shopping today!
Despite the size of their bank accounts, even celebs love a good bargain! And when better to save on everything from cozy slippers to designer duds than Cyber Monday! (Check out our complete list of bargain codes here!) Check out our latest roundup of celebrity Cyber Monday tweets below!
Andy Cohen & Jill Zarin Engage In Twitter War Over Secret Recording
Jill and Andy engaged in a heated Twitter war on Oct. 25 after the former 'Housewife' admitted that her entourage secretly recorded her interview on 'Watch What Happens Live' — so scandalous!
Jill Zarin pulled in great ratings when she confronted Andy Cohen on his late-night talk show Watch What Happens Live, but Bravo is reportedly angry that Jill's entourage secretly recorded the interview with her own camera.
Jill Zarin Attacks New 'RHONY' Cast Members Online
Jill says she's not angry about being fired from 'RHONY,' but her new Facebook poll says otherwise!
Fired reality star Jill Zarin recently claimed she wouldn't be watching the new season of The Real Housewives of New York because she wants to distance herself from drama and arguing. Well, that didn't last long!
Fired 'RHONY' Stars Jill Zarin, Kelly Bensimon & Alex McCord: Who's Watching Tonight?
The new season of 'RHONY' debuts June 4. Keep reading to find out which fired cast members are going to watch!
The fifth season of The Real Housewives of New York premieres June 4 on Bravo, and the question on everyone's mind is: Will the show's fired cast members — Jill Zarin, Kelly Bensimon and Alex McCord — be watching?!
The Closet Factory's Jill Zarin-Inspired Giveaway
The Closet Factory is going to give one lucky HollywoodLife BFF a $1,000 Jill Zarin inspired closet from Closet Factory. The former Real Housewives of New York star just launched a new shape wear line – Skweez Couture (www.skweezcouture) and she swears any of her shape wear will make you look like you lost 10…
Jill Zarin's Skweez Couture Valentine's Day Giveaway
Here is what we're giving away.. We are giving away ONE of each! Order in the Short $40.00nitial inspiration for collection was to design shapewear and hosiery that was not only functional but beautiful & sexy Huge fan of the Order in the Short Shaper Short w/ Lace Trim as…
'RHONY' Star Ramona Singer: I'm Still Not Friends With Jill Zarin
Ramona tells HollywoodLife.com exclusively that she has no interest in fixing her troubled relationship with her former 'RHONY' enemy Jill. The feud continues on, even though Jill's gone from the show.
While Jill Zarin was starring on The Real Housewives of New York City, she had an infamous feud with her friend turned enemy Ramona Singer. But then Jill was fired at the end of the last season and Ramona remained part of the show. Months later, Ramona tells HollywoodLife.com that she has no interest in trying to settle her differences with Jill.
Jill Zarin's Skweez Couture & HollywoodLife Valentine's Day Giveaway
Torn between eating your Valentine's Day treats or trying to squeeze into your little red dress? Jill Zarin's got you covered!
We say eat those chocolates because thanks to Real Housewife of New York City's Jill Zarin, shapewear doesn't have to look like granny panties. And one lucky HollywoodLifer will have the chance to win one Cami Lot Lace Shaper Cami and Order in the Short botton shapewear from her own shapewear line — Skweez Couture!
Find Out What The 'Real Housewives' Are Doing For New Year's Eve 2011
'The Real Housewives' also share their New Year's resolutions with HollywoodLife.com exclusively.
The Real Housewives of New York City are going to be celebrating New Years's in style. From skiing to fabulous parties, each woman has a fun night planned. They share their plans and resolutions with HollywoodLife.com exclusively.
'Real Housewives' Share Their Thanksgiving Day Plans
From going hunting to ordering in, these 'Real Housewives' cast members are each going to have a fun Thanksgiving.
Thanksgiving is a time to celebrate, eat and spend time with family and friends. That's exactly what The Real Housewives will be doing. Our favorite housewives share their Thanksgiving plans with HollywoodLife.com exclusively.
Jill Zarin Enlists Another Former Reality Star As Her Manager!
Jill's looking to a bright new future now that she is no longer a housewife! Read on for all the details of her new manager!
Former The Real Housewives of New York City star Jill Zarin is moving in a new direction since parting with Bravo. She has enlisted former The Hills star Lo Bosworth as her West Coast manager to help her take the next steps in her busy Hollywood career!
Jill Zarin: 'I'm Having The Best Time of My Life' Without The 'Real Housewives!'
Although Jill is no longer a cast member of 'The Real Housewives of New York City' she exclusively reveals she doesn't need the other housewives to be happy and she is moving on to other projects!
Jill Zarin debuted her Skweez Couture Shapewear at Lord & Taylor in NYC on Oct. 20 and HollywoodLife.com caught up with the former RHONY star.
New 'RHONY' Star Carole Radziwill Isn't A Drama Queen, Says Her Dry Cleaning Lady!
A source tells HollywoodLife.com exclusively that Carole's very kind and friendly — how is this going to make 'RHONY' entertaining?
Contrary to the former stars of The Real Housewives of New York City — Jill Zarin and Alex McCord — it seems that Bravo has recruited a new drama-free lady. Carole Radziwill "is down to earth, very sweet and lovable," Victoria Aviles, owner of King Garment Care in NYC where Carole gets her tailoring and dry cleaning done, tells HollywoodLife.com exclusively.
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Crime Briefs: Jewelry, Alcohol and Freedom? ({{commentsTotal}})
Finnish customs officials have rounded up a group of 13, accusing them of illegally transporting 20,000 liters of alcoholic drinks from Estonia to Finland.
Finnish authorities believe the gang had organized 40 trips to Tallinn, beginning in 2011. The alcohol was later sold in southeastern Finland, Finnish television station MTV3 reported today.
The culprits are believed to be Finns.
Around 10:00 today, police in Tallinn responded to a robbery of a jewelry store in a shopping mall in the Lasnamäe district.
The police told uudised.err.ee that according to initial reports, the robber was not acting alone and pepper spray was used.
Police has asked any witnesses to contact them at +372 5244648.
Only four weeks ago a man, then believed to have been carrying a gun, robbed a jewelry store at the Viru shopping center in downtown Tallinn.
A week later, a man turned himself in, confessing to the crime. Some of the stolen items have been recovered.
The Supreme Court today agreed to review the case of Anatoli Nikolajev, who has been in jail since 1998 for a quadruple homicide.
According to the sentence, Nikolajev shot and killed four people, including one pregnant woman, in his apartment in Kohtla-Järve in 1998. He claimed he had rented the apartment to his partner, who ran a drugs selling operation from the location.
Uudised.err.ee reported that new evidence has emerged.
Eesti Ekspress reported in May 2012, that even the daughter of one of the victims does not believe in Nikolajev's guilt.
It was also reported today that the Supreme Court opted not to hear the appeal of a woman sentenced to 20 years for infanticide in the killing of her newborn.


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AUDIENCE REACTION TO VIOLENCE. AND DRUGS IN MOVIES. Introduction.
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Based on an early script from Tarantino, Tony Scott's wild movie is amour for youth of the 1990s, a gutsy, violent, often exciting picture likely to divide film critics. says one critic.


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The aim of this study was to investigate the effects and mechanisms of electroacupuncture (EA) on gastric accommodation, gastric dysrhythmia, and gastric emptying (GE) in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Five experiments were performed in five groups of STZ-induced diabetic rats to study the effects of EA at ST-36 (Zusanli) on gastric slow-wave dysrhythmia, delayed GE and intestinal transit, impaired gastric accommodation, and the mechanisms of EA involving the autonomic and opioidergic pathways. We found the following: 1) EA improved gastric dysrhythmia in the diabetic rats. The normal percentage of slow waves was 55.4 ± 2.9% at baseline and significantly increased to 69.2 ± 2.2% with EA (P = 0.01); this effect was blocked by naloxone. 2) EA resulted in a 21.4% increase in GE and 18.2% increase in small intestinal transit in the diabetic rats. 3) EA restored diabetes-induced impairment in gastric accommodation. Gastric accommodation was 0.98 ± 0.13 ml with sham EA and significantly increased to 1.21 ± 0.15 ml with EA (P = 0.01), and this effect was blocked by naloxone. 4) EA increased vagal activity assessed by the spectral analysis of the heart rate variability. We concluded that EA at ST-36 improves gastric dysrhythmia, delayed GE and intestinal transit, and impaired accommodation in STZ-induced diabetic rats, and the improvement seems to be mainly mediated via the vagal pathway. EA may have a promising therapeutic potential for diabetic gastroparesis.
- gastrointestinal motility
- gastric emptying
- gastric accommodation
- diabetes
epidemiological studies have indicated the complication of gastroparesis in 30–50% of patients with type I or type II diabetes (12, 13). Autonomic dysfunctions in diabetes may result in impaired gastric accommodation (GA), gastric dysrhythmia, antral hypomotility, and/or delayed gastric emptying (GE) (10, 46), causing symptoms of gastroparesis.
Acupuncture is a traditional Chinese medicinal treatment performed by inserting the tips of needles on specific points (called acupoints) through the skin. Electroacupuncture (EA) is a modification of this technique that stimulates acupoints with electrical current instead of manual manipulations and appears to have more consistently reproducible results in both clinical and research settings (20, 27). Both conventional and EA have been used for a variety of ailments, particularly for the relief of pain (35). It has been confirmed that acupuncture or EA has therapeutic effects for the treatment of postoperative dental pain and postoperative and chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (30). During the last decade, a considerable number of studies have been performed in examining the efficacy of EA for the treatment of functional gastrointestinal disorders (32). Clinical and animal studies were conducted to explore the effects of EA on gastrointestinal secretion, sensation, motility, and gastric myoelectrical activity (6, 15, 20, 22, 32, 34, 47), However, there is lack of comprehensive studies to explore the effects of EA on gastrointestinal motility in diabetic gastroparesis.
Treatment options for diabetic gastroparesis are limited and unsatisfactory. Medical treatment is the first choice of therapies (1, 17, 28). Prokinetic agents are mainstays of the medical therapy. Although a number of prokinetic agents are able to accelerate GE and improve antral contractions, their therapeutic benefits are limited, probably attributed to the fact that prokinetics do not improve or even impair GA (8, 45). Impaired GA has been well recognized as one of the major contributing factors causing gastroparetic symptoms (18, 44, 46).
The site-specific effects of EA on gastric motility have been reported. It is well established that acupuncture to the lower limbs elicits gastric contractions, whereas acupuncture to the abdomen elicits gastric relaxation (16). In animal models, EA at ST-36 has been reported to have ameliorating effects on gastric motility, such as acceleration of delayed GE (34), restoration of impaired GA in vagotomized dogs (33), and relaxation of the gastric fundus in rats (47). The excitatory effect of EA at ST-36 was reported to be mediated via the parasympathetic pathway (38, 51), whereas the relaxative or inhibitory effect of EA at the right lower abdomen was theorized to be attributed to the sympathetic pathway (47). The involvement of the opioidergic pathway has also been frequently reported (35, 51). However, there have been no studies investigating the effects of EA on both GE and GA simultaneously in an animal model of diabetic gastroparesis; moreover, the mechanisms involved in possible ameliorating effects of EA on gastric motility in diabetic gastroparesis have not yet been clarified.
The aim of this study was therefore to investigate the effects and mechanisms of EA at ST-36 on GE, GA, gastric slow waves (GSW), and intestinal transit in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats, a previously validated model of diabetic gastroparesis (21, 24).
Sixty-three Sprague-Dawley rats (male, 300–350 g; Charles River Laboratory, Wilmington, MA) were randomly divided into five groups (see Fig. 1). The rats were housed in the microisolator cage equipped with filter hoods under controlled temperature (20°C) and with a 12-h:12-h light/dark cycle and free access to water and solid food. The experimental protocol was approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Texas.
Surgical Procedure
Ten rats in group A were implanted with one pair of serosal electrodes for recording GSW 1 wk before the injection of STZ. After an overnight fast, the rats were operated under anesthesia with the inhalation of 1.5–2.0% isoflurane (Forane; Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, IL). A midline laparotomy was performed, and one pair of 28-gauge cardiac pacing wires (A&E Medical, Farmingdale, NJ) was implanted on the gastric serosal surface 0.5 cm proximal to the pylorus. The electrode-connecting wires were tunneled subcutaneously through the anterior abdominal wall and externalized at the back of the neck. No surgical procedures were performed on group B rats.
In groups C and D rats, an intragastric balloon was placed for the measurement of GA using a barostat device. Under the same method of anesthesia, a midline laparotomy was performed and a small incision was made at the gastric fundus. A double lumen polyvinyl tube with an adherent noncompliant plastic balloon (7-ml capacity) was placed in the proximal stomach. The polyvinyl tube was tunneled underneath the skin and fixed at the back of the neck. The gastric fundus and abdomen were then closed with sutures. Group C was used for studying the effect of the progression of diabetes on GA, and the intragastric balloon was placed 1 wk before the STZ injection. Group D was used for the investigation of the EA effect on GA, and the same intragastric balloon was placed 5 wk after the STZ injection but 5 days before experiments.
In 10 group E rats, 5 wk after the STZ injection, three abdominal electrodes were placed for the measurement of the electrocardiogram (ECG) as follows: under general anesthesia with the inhalation of isoflurane, two electrodes were implanted underneath the skin on the muscle layer across the heart with an interval of 1 cm. A reference electrode was placed in the same manner about 3–5 cm below the pair on the left costal margin. Connecting wires were tunneled subcutaneously through the anterior abdominal wall and exited at the back of the neck. The animal was given 5–7 days to recover before any experiments.
Experimental Protocols
Experiment 1: effects and mechanisms of EA on GSW.
This experiment was performed in the 10 group A rats 6 wk after the STZ injection in two randomized sessions (EA and EA + naloxone). After an overnight fast, GSW were recorded via the serosal electrodes for 30 min at baseline and 30 min during EA at ST-36. The EA + naloxone session included a 30-min baseline, intraperitoneal injection of naloxone (3 mg/kg), a 20-min waiting period for naloxone to take effects, and a 30-min period with EA.
Experiment 2: effects of EA on GE and small intestinal transit.
This experiment was performed in group B rats 6 wk after the STZ injection. The rats were randomly divided into two subgroups (group B1 for EA, N = 11, and group B2 for sham EA, N = 10). After an overnight fast, each rat was fed with 1.5 ml phenol red (0.5 mg/ml) mixed with 1.5% methylcellulose by gavage. EA or sham EA was performed during the following 30 min. The rat was then euthanized for the measurement of GE and small intestinal transit (SIT).
Experiment 3: effects of diabetes on GA.
This experiment was designed to investigate the effects of the progression of diabetes on GA. The GA test was performed in the group C rats 1 wk before and once weekly during 4 wk after the STZ injection. The method for assessing GA was validated in previous studies (25, 29) and described as follows: after an overnight fast, the gastric volume was recorded via the intragastric balloon for 10 min at a pressure of 1 mmHg (baseline), 10 min with the pressure increased by 1 mmHg per minute up to a maximum of 10 mmHg (ramp phase), 10 min at a pressure of 10 mmHg (tonic phase), and 10 min at a pressure of 1 mmHg (recovery phase). GA was defined as the mean volume during the ramp distention. A computerized barostat device (Distender Series IIR; G & J Electronics, Willowdale, ON, Canada) was used to ensure that the intragastric balloon was maintained at the specified operating pressure. The barostat device is considered a gold standard for the assessment of gastric accommodation (46).
Experiment 4: effects and mechanisms of EA on GA.
This experiment was performed in group D rats 6 wk after the STZ injection in two randomized sessions (EA and EA + naloxone). The reason we added this group was to study the effect of EA on diabetes-induced impaired GA 6 wk after STZ injection (consistent with other studies), whereas the implanted intragastric balloon and the connecting tube in group C could not be maintained until 6 wk after the STZ injection. The protocol of the EA session included a 40-min GA test without EA (baseline test), a 30-min recovery period, and a second 40-min GA test with continuous EA. Saline was injected 20 min before the initiation of the test. The EA + naloxone session was same except the replacement of saline with naloxone (3 mg/kg ip).
Experiment 5: effects of EA on autonomic functions.
This experiment was designed to study the effects of EA on vagal and sympathetic activities and performed in group E rats 6 wk after the STZ injection. After an overnight fast, the ECG was recorded via the abdominal electrodes for 30 min at baseline and 30 min with EA.
Induction of Diabetes
All rats were injected intraperitoneally with STZ (65 mg/kg; Sigma, St. Louis, MO) dissolved in a 1.5-ml citrate buffer (pH 4.5, Sigma) (24). The blood glucose was then measured weekly using a commercially available glucometer (Accu-Check Aviva; Roche Diagnostics, Indianapolis, IN). Diabetes was defined as a blood glucose concentration of 350 mg/dl or higher. The rats not meeting this criterion by the time of the experiments were excluded from the study.
EA was performed at ST-36 (Zusanli) bilaterally, which is located 5 mm below the head of the fibula under the knee joint and 2 mm lateral to the anterior tubercle of the tibia. An L-shaped needle was inserted into each ST-36 with a depth of 3–5 mm. The pair of the needles was connected to an EA device (Model D-860; Jinshan Electronic Device, Shanghai, China). Stimulation parameters shown in a previous study to accelerate GE in dogs were used and set as a train of on time of 2 s, off time of 3 s, pulse frequency of 25 Hz, and amplitude of 10 mA (34). For sham EA, the same needles were inserted into nonacupuncture points at the hypochondrium on bilateral sides with the electrical stimulator turned off.
Measurements and Data Analyses
Recording and analysis of GSW.
The GSW were recorded using a Biopac system (EOG 100A; Biopac Systems, Santa Barbara, CA) as described previously (24). The percentage of normal GSW was defined as the percentage of time during which regular 4–6-cycle/min (cpm) waves were presented and computed using a previously validated method (24).
Recording and analysis of GE and SIT.
A previously established method was used for the measurement of GE and SIT (37) and is described as follows. After an overnight fast, the rat was gavage fed with a 1.5 ml phenol red solution (0.5 mg/ml) mixed with 1.5% methylcellulose. Thirty minutes after the feeding, the rat was rapidly euthanized by inhalation of overdose of isoflurane (5%). The entire stomach and small intestine were carefully isolated and removed. The small intestine was divided into 10 equal segments. The amount of phenol red in the stomach and each of the intestinal segments was measured by a spectrophotometer (39). The percentage of GE was defined as the ratio between the amount of phenol red recovered from the stomach and the amount of phenol red ingested into the stomach. The intestinal transit was determined by the geometric center (GC) defined as follows: GC = ∑ (Pn n) for n = 1, 2, 3, … 10, where, Pn is the percentage of phenol red in segment n and n is the number of the segment. Any phenol red found in the colon was included in segment 10.
Recording of ECG and analysis of heart rate variability.
The ECG signal was recorded using a special amplifier (UFI, Morro Bay, CA) with a recording range of 1.5 to 100 Hz. The heart rate variability (HRV) signal was derived from the original ECG recording by identifying R waves, interpolating R-R interval data at 100 Hz, and finally downsampling the interpolated HRV data at 8 Hz suitable for analysis using a previously validated software (23). Spectral powers of the HRV at two frequency ranges were calculated (19) as follows: 1) a high-frequency band (HF; 0.8–4.0 Hz) reflecting cardiac vagal efferent activity and 2) a low-frequency band (LF; 0.3–0.8 Hz) reflecting mainly sympathetic efferent activity.
Statistical Analysis
All data are presented as means ± SE. Paired Student's t-test was applied to investigate the difference in each of the measurements/parameters between EA and sham EA or between baseline and EA. ANOVA was applied before the paired t-test if the comparison was made among three sets of data or more. A P value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Induction of Diabetes
All except twp rats were confirmed with diabetes 1 wk after the injection of STZ, and hyperglycemia was maintained during the entire course of the study. The two nondiabetic rats were found in group A, excluded from the study and not counted in the number of rats presented in Fig. 1. The animals recovered well from the surgical procedures because most of the procedures for the chronic implantation of gastric electrodes or intragastric balloon were performed before the induction of diabetes.
Effects and Mechanisms of EA on GSW
EA at ST-36 improved gastric dysrhythmia in diabetic rats (experiment 1, n = 10, group A). In the EA session, the percentage of normal slow waves was 55.4 ± 2.9% at baseline and significantly increased to 69.2 ± 2.2% during EA (P = 0.01, Fig. 2). Naloxone blocked the improvement of gastric dysrhythmia by EA. In the EA + naloxone session, the percentage of normal slow waves was 53.7 ± 2.9% at baseline and maintained at 55.6 ± 3.3% during the EA application (P = 0.2 vs. baseline without EA; P = 0.02 vs. the corresponding EA period in the EA session). These data indicated that the ameliorating effect of EA on GSW was blocked by naloxone. Figure 3 shows typical GSW recordings before and during EA.
Effects of EA on GE and SIT
Experiment 2 in the group B rats revealed that EA resulted in a 21.4% increase in GE in diabetic rats. Thirty minutes after the test meal, the GE was found to be significantly faster in the rats treated with EA (group B1) than in the rats treated with sham EA (group B2) (91.2 ± 1.5% vs. 75.1 ± 5.0%, P = 0.01, Fig. 4A). Concurrently, the SIT was increased by 18.2% with EA compared with sham EA. The GC was 4.4 ± 0.2 in the sham EA group and 5.2 ± 0.2 in the EA group (P = 0.01, Fig. 4B). Figure 4C shows the amount of phenol red in each small intestinal segment in the EA-treated rats and sham EA-treated rats; a higher amount of phenol red was observed in more distal segments in the EA-treated rats compared with the sham EA-treated rats.
Effects and Mechanisms of EA on GA
The findings of experiment 3 in the group C rats showed impaired GA associated with diabetes, and the impairment was observed 1 wk after the injection of STZ and maintained until 4 wk after the injection of STZ. Compared with the baseline value before the injection of STZ, the gastric volume during the ramp distention was significantly decreased by 35.1% 1 wk after and by 30.9% 4r wk after the injection of STZ.
Experiment 4 in the group D rats demonstrated the ameliorating effect of EA on diabetes-induced impairment in GA, and the effect was mediated via the opioidergic pathway. As shown in Fig. 5A, the gastric volume during ramp distention was 0.98 ± 0.13 ml at baseline and significantly increased to 1.21 ± 0.15 ml with EA (23.5% increase, P = 0.01). A consistent increase in gastric volume was noted at all pressure levels above 3 mmHg (see Fig. 5B). Naloxone had no effects on GA, as the baseline gastric volume values were similar between the session without naloxone and the session with naloxone (P = 0.2) but blocked the effect of EA on GA; in the session with naloxone, EA failed to increase the gastric volume during ramp distention (Fig. 5A, right). The gastric volume during ramp distention was 0.97 ± 0.12 ml when EA was applied at the presence of naloxone, which was similar to the baseline value but significantly lower than that when EA was applied at the absence of naloxone (P = 0.01 vs. EA).
Effects of EA on Vagal Activity
The spectral analysis of the HRV data obtained from experiment 5 in the group E rats indicated that EA significantly increased vagal activity and sympathovagal balance in diabetic rats. Six weeks after the injection of STZ, the HF, suggestive of the vagal component, was 0.55 ± 0.05 at baseline and increased to 0.61 ± 0.03 during EA (P = 0.03); the LF/HF, indicative of the sympathovagal balance, was 0.85 ± 0.13 at baseline and significantly decreased to 0.67 ± 0.08 during EA (Fig. 6). These findings suggested involvement of the vagal pathway with EA.
In the present study, we have found that EA at ST-36 improved gastric dysrhythmia and accelerated GE and SIT in the diabetic rats. Surprisingly, however, unlike most of the prokinetic agents that impair GA, EA was also able to improve impaired GA in the diabetic rats. The ameliorating effects of EA on gastric motility and GA were mediated by the opioidergic and vagal pathways.
To the best of our knowledge, this was the first comprehensive study systematically investigating the effects and mechanisms of EA on gastrointestinal motility, including GSW, GE, intestinal transit, and GA in a rodent model of diabetes. Although a number of previous studies investigated the effects and mechanisms of EA on gastric motility in animals and patients, none of them were as comprehensive as the present study. Because GSW dysrhythmia and delayed GE were previously reported in STZ-induced diabetic rats, the focus of the present study on these two measurements was on the treatment effects and mechanisms of EA. Because none of the previous studies investigated the effect of diabetes on GA in STZ-induced diabetic rats, the present study was designed to investigate both the effect of the progression of diabetes and the effect of EA on GA. It is known that the diabetes-induced impairment in gastric motility is related to the progression or duration of diabetes. Accordingly, for the sake of consistency, all experiments investigating the therapeutic effects of EA were performed 6 wk after the injection of STZ. The methodologies used in the present study for measuring GSW, GE, and intestinal transit have been well established (24, 37). The method used in this study for assessment of GA in rats was different from that used in humans but was well validated (25, 29).
Gastric dysrhythmia, impaired GA, and delayed GE are common in patients with gastroparesis (5, 9, 43) and are major contributing factors to the symptoms of gastroparesis or functional dyspepsia. It has been reported that GSW are abnormal in about 50–75% of patients with gastroparesis and that the major slow-wave dysrhythmia is tachygastria and/or tachyarrhythmia, attributed to ectopic tachygastric pacemaking in the distal antrum (5). In a rodent model of diabetes induced by STZ, GSW were found to be impaired 4 wk after the injection of STZ, and GE of liquid was delayed 6 wk after the induction of diabetes (24, 42). Similar abnormalities in GE and slow waves were reported in nonobese diabetic mice (24, 42). Although impaired GA has been frequently reported in patients with gastroparesis, the present study was the first to report the impairment in GA in STZ-induced diabetic rats. The findings of this study showed an approximate 30% decrease in GA during the first 4 wk after the injection of STZ compared with that before the injection of STZ (group C rats), and a similar impairment was also noted 6 wk after the injection of STZ (group D rats).
During the past decades, a number of studies have investigated the effect of acupuncture or EA on gastrointestinal motility (20, 40, 48, 52, 56). In animal models, EA was reported to improve GSW impaired by rectal distension and accelerate GE in dogs (34) and reduce gastric tone in rats and vagotomized dogs (33, 47). In humans, EA has been shown to accelerate GE in patients with gastroparesis (54, 55), modulate GSW in healthy volunteers (22, 41), and improve slow-wave dysrhythmia in diabetic patients (4). However, each of these previous studies was focused on one or two elements of gastric motility. In clinical settings, a comprehensive and systematic approach is often needed to treat patients with gastric motility disorders. One typical example is the use of prokinetic agents; a prokinetic agent may accelerate GE but is often unable to improve symptoms of gastroparesis because of its detrimental effect on GA. In this present study, the effects of EA on GE and GA were studied in the same animal model of diabetic gastroparesis. Most interestingly, EA was able to accelerate GE and also improve GA in diabetic gastroparetic rats.
Delayed GE is a feature of gastroparesis. In healthy humans, more than 90% of ingested food is emptied from the stomach 4 h after the meal (53). In patients with gastroparesis, however, GE is delayed, which is attributed to antral hypomotility. Traditionally, delayed GE is considered the major pathophysiological mechanism underlying the symptoms of gastroparesis. Recently, it has been clear that impaired GA plays an important role in the generation of certain symptoms of gastroparesis. GA is a consistent physiological response that allows the stomach to accommodate the ingested food without increasing intragastric pressure or inducing discomfort. This accommodation reflex is mediated by the vagal pathway, and the impairment of GA in diabetes results from impaired autonomic nervous system. Although GE was commonly considered to be the important mechanism of symptoms in gastroparesis, a number of studies have shown a poor correlation between GE and symptoms (2, 3, 46, 49, 50). Recently a study by Karamanolis et al. (18) revealed that, in patients with idiopathic gastroparesis, the symptom pattern is determined by the proximal stomach dysfunction rather than by the severity of delayed GE. The prokinetic therapy enhances GE but, at the same time, fails to improve impaired GA in patients with gastroparesis (8, 45); this may explain the reason why certain prokinetics, such as erythromycin, are able to improve gastric motility and GE but not symptoms of dyspepsia. In the present study, we showed that EA at ST-36 enhanced GE by about 21% and accelerated SIT by about 18% in diabetic rats; at the same time it also improved impaired GA. Accordingly, the EA therapy may be more beneficial to patients with gastroparesis than the prokinetic therapy. Clinical studies are needed to validate these findings.
A number of studies by Takahashi and colleagues (15, 16, 41, 47, 48) have strongly demonstrated the site-specific effects EA on gastric motility. Whereas EA at ST-36 (lower limb) has been consistently shown to have an excitatory effect on gastric motility via the vagal pathway, EA at the abdomen or ST-25 has been reported to induce gastric relaxation via the sympathetic pathway. Tada et al. (47) reported a relaxative effect of EA on the stomach that was abolished by guanethidine, propranolol, splanchnic ganglionectomy, spinal cord transection, and spinomedullary transaction, suggesting the involvement of the sympathetic pathway. Takahashi and colleagues investigated the c-Fos expression in the nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS), the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus (DMV), and the rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM) following acupuncture. They reported that EA at the lower limbs (ST-36) significantly increased c-Fos-positive cells in both the caudal NTS and the DMV, whereas acupuncture at the abdomen (ST-25) increased c-Fos-positive cells in both the medio-caudal NTS and the RVLM. They concluded that acupuncture at ST-36 stimulates the DMV through the caudal NTS, causing gastric contractions, whereas acupuncture at the ST-25 stimulates the RVLM through the medio-caudal NTS, causing gastric relaxation in rats (16).
The vagal mechanism of EA at ST-36 has also been explored in a number of studies using the spectral analysis of the HRV. Concurrent with improved gastric motility, enhanced vagal activity assessed by the spectral analysis of HRV has been consistently reported in humans (26, 36), dogs (6, 32), and rats (14) in response to EA at ST-36. In this study, a significant increase in HF of the HRV signal representing vagal activity and a decrease in LF/HF representing sympathovagal balance were also reported. These findings suggest that the improvement in gastric motility is at least partially attributed to the enhancement of vagal efferent activity or improvement in the sympathovagal balance.
In the present study, we have found that, in the diabetic rats, the EA at ST-36 induced improvement in both GSW and GA was blocked by the presence of naloxone, suggesting the involvement of the opioidergic pathway. Similar opioid mechanisms were also reported in the EA at ST-36-induced improvement in GSW and antral contractions in dogs with rectal distention (6). In control nondiabetic rats, the effect of acupuncture on gastric motility was also reported to involve the opioidergic mechanism (47, 51). Opioids are known to inhibit gastric motility. It was unclear which role the opioid mechanism played in the excitatory effect of EA at ST-36 on gastric motility in this study. It is possible that EA at ST-36 might have activated the central opioids that, in turn, inhibited sympathetic outflow. However, the present study did not perform any pharmacological experiments to prove that the sympathetic pathways were principally affected by opioids released as a consequence of EA at ST-36.
It should be mentioned that the mechanisms of impaired gastric motor functions in diabetes are complex and that the effects of EA on gastric motility in diabetes may involve mechanisms other than those discussed above. For example, several recent studies have shown a loss of interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC) associated with diabetes, and this loss may lead to abnormal slow waves and gastric motility (7, 11, 31). Further studies are needed to investigate whether the effects of EA on gastric motility are also mediated via the modulation of the ICC network.
In conclusion, EA at ST-36 improves GSW dysrhythmia, enhances delayed GE and intestinal transit, and ameliorates impaired GA in STZ-induced diabetic rats. These ameliorating effects seem to be mainly mediated via the vagal pathway. EA may have a therapeutic potential for treating diabetic gastroparesis.
No conflicts of interest are declared by the authors.
- Copyright © 2010 the American Physiological Society


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Vintage OMICRON ELLIPSOGRAPH Drafting Instrument, NICE!
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This auction is for a OMICRON MODEL 17 ELLIPSOGRAPH This vintage drawing instrument appears to be in excellent condition. It comes in its original box which is also in nice structural condition. Box shows slight wear on corners and along edges. (This ellipsograph was originally belonged to B. Palka, who very neatly wrote his name in small print and the contents of box in a few places.) "An infinite variety of ellipses are made easily with the OMICRON Ellipsograph. It has a capacity of over 12" on the major axis and produces mathematically true ellipses with ease, speed, and precision. Within its capacity all sizes, shapes and projections of ellipses may be drawn. Either pencil, inking pen or scriber neddle may be inserted into the head. The most notible feature of this instrument is a linkage system which moves the crossguide pin on a straight line, thus eliminating all play and friction usually connected with straight line slides. This linkage produces not only accurancy but also unusual ease of operation". Original instruction paper (a little rough) is included showing a price of $12.00. Also included is a packet containing the optional LeRoy pen adaptor. *********PROMPT SHIPPING IS A PRIORITY********* Most items ship the next business day...many times the same day. We don't ... read more


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My monthly grocery budget varies anywhere between $450 – $550 a month. This is for only 2 people! This budget is just for food and does not include paper products, toiletries or cleaning supplies. This budget is already AFTER I meal plan, shop with a list, buy in bulk and 'shop my pantry first'. And (except a few items) I am not even shopping at Whole Foods, I am shopping Costco and Trader Joe's. I reuse leftovers and freeze any extras.
It's crazy and it's New York reality. I don't have any outside space and am not able to supplement my groceries by growing a garden. Everything we eat, we need to buy. I am not able to 'really' stock up on sales either as I have minimal space in my kitchen – my fridge and one 2-shelved deep cupboard are my pantry.
30 breakfasts, lunches and dinners per month per person. This means 180 meals total for my household of two. Going with $550 per month budget this means an average of $3.05 per person per meal. While some meals definitely cost more than that (try fresh salmon with green beans and it will cost you at least $20 to make), not to destroy my budget, and have more flexibility to occasionally splurge for fancier meals, I try to make at least 3/4th of my meals on a low cost side. Such as less than $5 per meal for 2 (sometimes even leaving me with enough leftovers for next day's lunch). So what is it that I make?
15 Super Easy Meals For Under $5
1. Oatmeal with fruit
1 cup of rolled oats (real stuff, not instant), 2 cups of water, 1 banana, 2 apples, half cup of yogurt, cinnamon.
Chop fruit and add to oats and boiling water. Simmer (covered )on low for 20-25min. Stir and cool a little. Add yogurt and stir. Sprinkle with cinnamon. Yum.
2. Potato latkes
4-5 potatoes, 1 small onion, 1 egg, 2-3tbs of flour, salt & pepper, oil.
Grate potatoes and onion, add egg, salt and pepper. Heat oil in a frying pan (1/2 inch thin), drop thin cakes – I portion 2 tbs of batter per each latke. Fry till golden, remove exceed oil with paper towel. Great with sour cream.
3. Fried rice
2 cups of cooked rice (at least 1 day old) , 2 medium carrots, green onions, garlic, 2 eggs, 2 tbs of soy sauce, salt & pepper, oil.
Sauté green onions and garlic, add thinly grated carrots. Sauté 5 more min. Add rice, stir well, turn heat to low. After 3 minutes add soy sauce and scrambled eggs. Salt and pepper to taste. Add more green onions on top. Voilà!
4. Crapes
1 cup flour, 1 cup milk, half cup water, 2 eggs, 1tbs of sugar, pinch or salt, 3tbs of oil or melted butter.
Whisk milk, water and eggs, add flour, sugar, salt and oil. Whisk well. Put aside for 10 minutes. Coat a frying pan with oil only for the first crape, no need to add oil to make next ones. Use 1/4 cup of butter for each crape. Use your favorite filling – I usually settle on banana and nutella. So good!
5. Baked rice with apples
This dish literally brings a smile to my face. When I was growing up, my mom would make it at least every two weeks and we always begged for more.
5-7 cups cooked rice (whatever amount you have on hand), 3-4 apples, half cup sugar, 3-4 tbs butter, cinnamon. Chop apples and simmer with sugar till apples fall apart (approximately 1 hour). Coat small Pyrex glassware with butter. Layer rice, apples and cinnamon. Repeat. Finish with rice on top. Put some butter on top of rice, sprinkle with cinnamon. Bake in 350 degrees for 45 min.
6. Everything soup
Carrots, celery, potatoes, onion, parsley root or whatever else you have (you decide on proportions), chicken stock, water, 2 chicken drumsticks, orzo pasta, salt&pepper, sour cream.
Bring veggies and drumsticks with chicken stock and water to a boil. Simmer till thoroughly cooked, add pasta, season with salt&pepper. Let is cool a few minutes. Add some sour cream (and butter – optional). I usually like it best next day.
7. Breakfast burrito (great for dinner too)
2 burrito wraps, tomato, avocado, 2 eggs and whatever you have on hand (refried beans, basil leaves, mozzarella cheese), salt&pepper.
Slice the veggies. Heat or toast the wraps. Scramble eggs. Stuff the wraps with whatever you feel like, close with a toothpick. So easy yet so delicious.
8. French toast (try caramelized french toast)
3-4 day old bread (challah bread works best), 2 eggs, 1ts sugar, cinnamon, oil.
Slice bread. Whisk eggs, add sugar and cinnamon. Soak bread in the egg mixture until it is throughly soaked. Heat oil in a frying pan, add soaked bread slices, fry till golden on medium low. Serve immediately, preferably with fruit. Try caramelized version and you will never want another breakfast again.
9. Frittata
5-7 eggs + whatever you currently have in a fridge. Onions, potatoes, shredded carrots, tomatoes, mushrooms + oil/butter.
Heat oil, throw in chopped veggies in, fry till soft. Add whisked eggs, cover. Simmer on low until settled. You just got yourself a frittata.
10. Chickpeas with potatoes
Delicious and nutritious. And super inexpensive (if you cook chickpeas yourself and not buy them in cans that is).
2 cups cooked chickpeas, 2 big potatoes, medium onion, salt&pepper, oil. Chop and boil potatoes. Heat oil and sauté onions till translucent. Add potatoes and chickpeas to the onions. Simmer for 30-45min on low stirring occasionally. Season with salt&pepper.
11. Pasta salad
Any shape of pasta you have on hand, pesto, broccoli, salt&pepper. Cook pasta and broccoli (separately). Cool pasta, add pesto, stir well. Add chopped broccoli. Season to taste.
So so easy and so good. Make more for leftovers. Great hot or cold.
12. Pancakes
Oh yeah. Going an easy route sometimes. Just like crapes, this is my 'go to' Sunday breakfast. My favorite recipe is here. I usually skip maple syrup and serve my pancakes with a drop of honey and seasonal fruit.
13. Bean burgers
My absolutely most favorite bean burger recipe is here
14. Sweet potato mash
T. makes amazing sweet potatoes cream / mash / mousse. Usually we would eat it as a side to a main dish and usually would make enough to last 3-4 days (it is great when reheated). While it is a side dish, I am usually very happy to have just that for dinner!
2 medium sweet potatoes, butter, milk/or crème fraîche, salt&pepper, garlic salt. Skin and chop sweet potatoes. Boil till soft. Mash with butter, milk and / or crème fraîche. Season to taste. For a variety you can use Japanese sweet potato.
15. Good ol' spaghetti
Shopping at Costco means that sometime I am in a rush to use things up before they go bad. 12 pack of tomatoes usually ends up being turned into a homemade tomato sauce. Usually like to freeze any extras for the nights when I don't feel like cooking.
What are YOUR 'go to' cheap (yet tasty and healthy) dishes when you are on a budget?


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Tuesday, March 1, 2011
a series of revisits
so, i got a new computer and as im organizing my files from all of my old hard drives and computers onto this new mega beast i have found that i have MANY close to finished projects that got swept to the side because of busy schedule, or another model or whatever. anyway, im trying to go through them all and get them through that last step to something presentable.
here is the first step on this character. he was a demo i did when i was teaching and i want to revamp him a bit. i tossed a new color scheme on him and hope that will spark some ideas on how i want to change the sculpt.
Posted by Gavin Rich at 12:58 AM
1 comment:
- Kurt Papstein said...
Like the new colors
- March 1, 2011 at 3:55 AM
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Re-release of best-selling 2009 novel - What happens when Rory travels halfway across the country to meet the girl of his dreams? Certainly not what he expected.
Rory's just a simple southern boy from St. Antoine's Parish, Louisiana, but he knows what he wants - the girl of his dreams, reclusive and mysterious artist Ran Yamane. He's loved her since junior high school, and now he has the chance to meet her. He chucks everything and travels 1,500 miles to Anime Expo in Long Beach just so he can tell her. He's determined that nothing and nobody are going to stand in his way.
Turns out, Ran Yamane isn't a girl, but he gets that a lot. People come to him with teddy bears and chocolates and disappointment by the truckload. He's trusted fans in the past and paid the price. So when he meets Rory he is understandably wary, but resigned. He isn't prepared for his magnetic attraction to the young man, Rory's apparent willingness to overlook his gender, and the chaos that ensues when his number one fan (and psycho stalker) shows up to get revenge.
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Almost Perfect !!!
Greg Boudreaux rocks this!
Drawn Together was one of the first M/M books I read. I have really fond memories of this story and when I found out it was being re-released as an audiobook...well, I was happier than a pig in mud. Then I found out Greg Tremblay, performing under his steamier "Greg Boudreaux" moniker, was going to narrate and my excitement knew no bounds.
I absolutely loved the narration! Greg does not disappoint with his wonderful southern drawl for Rory, Yamane's lighter tones, the pure creepiness of Amelia, and the perfectly pitched side characters.
I'll admit I did some eye rolling and teeth gritting at the story this time around. This is one of those times I had a hard time re-reading a book I loved years ago.
I completely credit my ability to suspend disbelief and just enjoy the story and flow directly to the awesome narration by Greg. He totally rocked this!
This was a fun, wonderful listen!
- Belen


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smithIIFeb 21, 2013
when and where was the first mcdonald's opened?
Best answer
Others answers (1)
- eAnswers...Feb 21, 2013
Mcdonald's was first started in 1937 by Patrick J. McDonald opened named "The Airdrome" near the Monrovia Airport in Monrovia, California. Later on his sons Maurice and Richard in 1940 renamed "McDonald's Bar-B-Q" and served twenty five barbecued items. their profits came from selling hamburgers, cheeseburgers, french fries, shakes, soft drinks, and apple pie. So they closed other items and the restaurant was renamed and opened on December 12, 1948 as "McDonald's".
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George's pretty close to Vics, is a very nice place and the cocktails re amazing there
Just take them to some nice-ish bar in SLT, avoid the student clubs/bars. Apothecary comes to mind, or George's. I think the Den is fairly popular with the older crowd too.
Oh, and fuck Houhai. You don't want to take them there, it's full of shit bars and tourists. Only thing that place is good for is grabbing some street beers and taking the boats for a spin.
The Den is a nice place to hang out and have drinks for a bit, also George's i love teh environment there & well if u like the roof tops u might check Kokomo during teh week is totally fine, on teh weekends is more like a club
I was going to recommend Q Bar, but apparently service and drink quality is all but non-existent since George Zhou left. I haven't been there since he booked to start his own bar (the "George's" previously mentioned, actually), but I've heard bad things. Try at your own risk.
Qbar is more for young ppl,no? so nice place,miss the little pillows there
we go together next time yj
bars for older folks? that i would not know but for anyone not into the bar kiddie scene i would suggest a great dinner and boat ride in hou hai. a little pricey and crowded but those are fun.


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I can hardly believe it is already time for our annual bonfire! Each year we build a bonfire to light in the New Year, and in that fire we toss our troubles. You are invited to burn your troubles too--just send me an email to email@example.com with the word BONFIRE in the subject and I will print it and make sure your worries get burned in our fire. This has been a tradition for us for over ten years, and we've burned countless worries. You do not need to tell me what your worry is--a simple "burn this" message will do.
This year we are having the fire at our son's house once again. There are several reasons, the main one being he has a great location for the fire--level, with easy access to the house. At my house, everything is on a slant and it can get tricky to get back and forth to the fire. Access can be tricky too, if it snows or rains heavily.
I'm cooking a big pot of chili to bring to the fire, along with some cornbread and some cookies. My son has taken care of all the other food, so we're set for a good time.
Online journal of West Virginia Storyteller Granny Sue.
Friday, December 30, 2011
New Year's Bonfire: Time to Burn Your Troubles
Posted by Granny Sue at 12/30/2011 10:05:00 AM
5 comments:
- Mimi Foxmorton said...
You know, funny that, but I can't remember what my trouble was that I burned last year........so, I guess it must have worked..........
This year, I'll offer up someone else's annonymous trouble.....someone with a trouble who knows nothing of this fire.......and ask the Universe to grant them peace as thanks........
Bright Blessings!
And, thank you.
Happy New Year!
- Fri Dec 30, 10:17:00 AM
- C. Joy said...
Message sent. I will, of course, deny everything. Thanks for the opportunity to 'release.'
Happy New Year.
- Fri Dec 30, 11:18:00 AM
- Granny Sue said...
That's a generous offer, Mimi! consider it done.
C. Joy, you made me laugh :) Denials accepted!
- Fri Dec 30, 12:47:00 PM
- Joy@aVintageGreen said...
Love the bonfire release.
- Fri Dec 30, 07:17:00 PM
- Angela said...
Hope everyone has a great time at the bonfire tonight!
- Sat Dec 31, 10:13:00 PM
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Q: What is the difference between an authorized brand and an unauthorized brand?
A: The unauthorized product may be from the same factory as a well-known brand, and at times there is more stock than orders, so the leftover stock is purchased by companies like ours. However, it can't be sold under the well-known brand name. Also, a factory may make a model with the same quality as a well-known brand, but not 100% the same in every detail as a brand name. These can be purchased by companies like ours to sell on. Either way, there is usually only a few hundred of these items available to wholesalers to sell.
Q: Why are the prices so cheap?
A: We get the products directly from the factory, and as they are not authentic, they are not authorized for sale by the big brands. Our prices reflect the actual cost of making the shoes, before the big brands add on their huge profit margins.
Q: What's the difference between UA and UA II?
A: We have upgraded all the details that our youtubers have detailed as the differences between our original UA model and the authentic ones. Our UA II are an upgraded version and they look and feel the same as the authentic models. Every detail is perfect, and no-one can tell if they are authentic or not.
Q: What is "UA"? What is "Reps"? What is the difference between "UA" and "Reps"?
A: "UA" means Unauthorized and, "Reps" means Replica. In an UA version the shoes are almost exactly the same as the authentic one, including the same material and most of the same details. Reps version normally looks the same as the authentic ones but made with cheaper material.
Q: What is your return policy?
A: We will accept the following reasons for return of your items if you are not satisfied with them when you receive them.
1.The wrong item was sent to you.
2.The item has a quality issue.
If you want to return an item, it must be returned within 3 days of receipt, and in the same condition it was received. You need to contact us first before you return any item. Any item returned where we have NOT received prior notice of the return will be rejected. The shipping and handling of return items is the responsibility of the buyer.
Q: Where do you ship? What shipping method do you use? How long will it take for me to receive my package?
A: We use Worldwide DHL Express shipping from Hong Kong. Orders are shipped from our warehouse centre within 4 to 10 business days from the date payment for your order is received and cleared (complete verification).
Q: What payment methods do you accept?
A: We accept Credit Card, Western Union,Bank Transfer and Bitcoin.
Western Union charge us lower fees than Credit cards.Customers would obtain a 10% off discount via Western Union.
Q: Are the photos of the shoes real?
A: Yes all the photos are real, and they were taken by us. The lighting we use to photograph the product, and the colors displayed by your screen may make the colors appear slightly different on your device than the actual product. Our colors however match the authentic product. Although the shoes from our website are not an authorized brand, the product is nearly identical to the official brand, and they are great quality.
Customer Reviews
- Really comfortable ! Review by Amanda Boatright
Price Value Quality
- Pretty decent shoe Review by Jack Northe
Quality Price Value
- These are really nice shoes. True to size Review by A. Harter
Price Value Quality
I received this item for a discount in exchange for my honest and unbiased review. As an online shopper, I rely heavily on the review of products before purchasing, even those that I receive at a discount, so I take a lot of pride in the reviews I write in order to inform others that are looking to purchase an item online. Please be assured that my opinions are my own and I am in no way affiliated with the seller. (Posted on 12/8/2016)
- Netter Schuh für diesen Preis Review by Moorhexe64
Quality Price Value
Hatten ihn eine Nummer größer bestellt und passt grad mal so.
Für den Preis ansonsten absolut ok. (Posted on 12/7/2016)
- Großartig ! Review by Ms. Shabby
Price Value Quality
- Gute Schuhe zu einem Witzpreis Review by Kapp
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Die Größe fällt normal aus. Eine gute Alternative für die, die nicht paar hundert Euro für die "Echten" ausgeben wollen :) (Posted on 12/7/2016)
- Love! + fast shipping Review by Kyler
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- love love love these shoes Review by Connie
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- love love love these shoes Review by Connie
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- Everyone loves them Review by Ross
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- comfortable Review by mitch
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- happy Review by Oscar
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Row of trees in the early morning fog wallpaper
Downloads: 3709 - Added: December 21, 2011
Category: landscape
Tags: Trees Morning early
Credit: http://www.flickr.com/photos/axelhartmann
Description: This is an attentively executed image that surprises the rising fog in the first moments of the morning, with an uncomplicated array of colors that nonetheless manages to create a profound impression on the viewer. The trees and the surrounding rural setting evoke a feeling of total relaxation and calm.
This image is shared under the terms of Creative Commons licence, to find more details visit the page of the author (link in a credit section above).
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Date Posted: May 15, 2017
Frank & Paul open up this week's podcast discussing the real estate market in Ottawa, comparing it to the market in Toronto. Both Frank & Paul agree that Ottawa won't see a drastic change in property values, which Toronto has experienced over the last few years. Though both suspect Ottawa will continue to be a stable market, which is a great for those living in Ottawa, keeping homes affordable.
Frank recaps the latest mortgage rates which are still near record low levels. Paul touches on a few real estate investment tips and tricks, elaborating that not every investment property will yield high cash flow and property value increases.


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December 23, 2006
Strangely enough the question "How would you like this to be?" is a very difficult one for many people to answer. I used to find in the days when I worked for the Church of England that asking people how they would like their church to be often produced nothing more than a puzzled stare. Yet if their vicar did something they didn't like, they were only too quick to complain. So they may not have had a clear idea of how they wanted their church to be, but they had a very clear idea indeed of what they didn't want it to be!
We often find ourselves in much the same situation. We may have a vague sense of dissatisfaction with our job or our work, but we don't really know what we want to do in its place. We may have decided it's time to move from our present house, but we have very little idea of where we'd like to move.


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Stargate Studios Malta Limited is a company specialized in production and post-production to the film industry, with the studio offering its services directly to production companies across the world, including in Malta. The focus of the Malta Team has enabled the studio to grow from a purely domestic market production and post-production unit to a studio which today successfully competes in servicing mainline television and distribution companies across Europe.
You can only message people who are following you. If you'd like to message this person, simply join our Recruiter Pro Plan.


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Peanut Bucker is best pony.
You are not logged in.
Thanks. I had planned to have my cards done already. I started the Toola one at the beginning of November but life happened XD
I should make a Christmas card but I probably wont get the time
Looks nice btw!
I hope to get back into ponies soon. I have one drawing I've been working on for the last three days, might get Pokemon Black 2 tomorrow (so I'll probably be even more awol....) and I'm hoping to get my sewing machine provided my next doctor's appointment doesn't end up costing more than expected.
Looking forward to seeing more of your pony artwork when you get the chance.
Hiyo! I'm not dead, just uninspired. I've been taking time away from drawing while dealing with medical stuff and trying to relax. Hopefully I'll get back to drawing ponies once things calm down again. I've been scrapping more than I'm finishing and am really into only doing sketches at the moment, none of which have been pony related so they haven't been posted here.
and now I have that song stuck in my head >.<
Exactly :3
and now I have that song stuck in my head >.<
Woo! Back in the saddle again!
Thanks and yeah after I'm caught up we can have talking time about it XD
I still have no idea how anyone can draw on a tablet or a pc so extra bonus points and gold star stickers there. Great art and since I can no longer draw might have to have you help me make an OC someday....after you ARE caught up that is lol.
I'm back!!!!!
It took me a good two hours to figure out how to use a tablet again and how to draw on an 11" screen but I did it :3
All owed art will be started again. I no longer have the original sketches so I will be redoing everything over from the beginning. Please bare with me while I get caught up.


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Clinical research: Adoptive T cell transfer and vaccination as treatment for stage IV melanoma cancer in patients
Professional info
- Initial (promising) data is required to receive funding from Dutch Cancer Society, KWF Kankerbestrijding and the Landsteiner stichting.
- A 2-year financial support allowed to gather more data about the feasibility of an autologous boost vaccine after adoptive transfer of TIL and a clinical trial is prepared to evaluate the safety.
- Additional data was sufficient to achieve more external funding. The temporary support of the Anticancer Fund ensured the continuation to establish a possible improvement for adoptive cell therapy.
Location: Leids Universitair Medisch Centrum, clinical oncology, Leiden, Netherlands
Collaboration: Dr. Ir. E.M.E. Verdegaal en Prof. Dr. S.H. van der Burg
Why did we choose this project?
T-cells that have penetrated the tumour are referred to as tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL). Adoptive T cell transfer (ACT) of autologous TIL is still one of the most successful treatments today for advanced metastatic melanoma patients. Clinical effectiveness of adoptively transferred T cells could possibly be further improved by vaccination. This promising project required "seed" financial support to obtain initial data in order to obtain funding from KWF Kankerbestrijding.
The aim
The project aims to expand tumor specific T cells by in vitro stimulation of blood derived T cells with irradiated autologous tumor cells. ACT of these T cells in combination with low dose interferon-alpha (IFN-a) to precondition the patient and sustain T cell activation in vivo results in 50% clinical response. Results might further improve if T cells become boosted in vivo by vaccination with irradiated autologous tumor cells together with Hiltonol, a TLR3 agonist, to stimulate the appropriate immune response.
How did we approach the project?
Protocols to generate autologous melanoma cell lines and tumor reactive T cells were optimized.
A phase I/II clinical trial was prepared to evaluate the feasibility and safety of ACT followed by autologous tumor cell vaccination combined with Hiltonol.
What did we find?
Melanoma cell lines cannot be established in half of the patients despite using optimal medium. Alternatively, primary tumor cell cultures instead of tumor cell lines can be used to obtain tumor reactive T cells from blood derived white blood cells.
At current there are three options for the future treatment protocol. Patients can receive TIL or tumor reactive T cells from blood derived white blood cells stimulated with autologous tumor cells or one of these two combined with an autologous tumor vaccine and Hiltonol. Responding patients received T cells recognizing private/mutated antigens which did not react against autologous control cells.
Based on what we learnt, what's the message we want to give to the public?
The temporary support of this research project allows to further develop a very promising treatment. The additional data generated during this 2-year project were sufficient to receive funding of Dutch cancer society, KWF Kankerbestrijding and the Landsteiner stichting (LSBR). The continuation of this project is a valuable achievement of ACF.


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Since I had never heard this before, he told me it was "something we do for luck". In other words, it's the equivalent of crossing one's fingers. Does it work? Well, as the expression goes, time will tell. In this case, that time is ten years long.
An entire decade has passed since my wife Laurie and I took the definitive adventure of our concurrent lifetimes when we traveled to the other side of the world just to attend a wedding. Of course, it wasn't just any wedding, but that of my brilliant and beautiful daughter Lindsay to that South African triatheletic motormouth love of her life, Chris.
That 11 day long saga going from here (Portland, OR) to there (South Africa) became the basis of my book, PLEASE HOLD THUMBS, a tome I am proud to call my very own. This is the tale of the ultimate Cherney Journey, one that included an honest-to-garsh safari (with amorous lions and pissed off elephants), air travel troubles I wouldn't wish on my worst enemies (well...maybe) and The Main Event, the most extraordinary nuptials ever. For a place I wasn't sure I ever wanted to be in the first place, South Africa got under my skin and into my soul.
What started out to be a mere vanity project (What I Did on My Summer Vacation zzzzz....) evolved into something else entirely over time. I came to realize that PLEASE HOLD THUMBS at its core was a love story. Naturally that included Lindsay and Chris' whirlwind romance, but also the love I have for my wife, family and even finding a way to love myself, probably the toughest pill of all to swallow. I finally came to terms with my place in the world and discovered that it's all a matter of perspective. I also realized that the journey ain't over 'til it's really over.
For the Kindle version of PLEASE HOLD THUMBS, I've created a new cover that features the best photo I've ever taken in my life, shot at the Flavius Mareka secondary school in Pretoria with the best subjects ever caught on camera. This shot was the happiest of all possible happy accidents, thanks to the magical spirit of those kids who allowed me to capture their beautiful faces on film. I always wanted to use this photo for the cover and now I have. (Paperback update coming soon)
So what about that "luck" thing? Well, time has finally told.
At the end of July, Lindsay and Chris will celebrate their 10th wedding anniversary, a milestone that must be shouted to the heavens. Their union has produced their best collaboration possible, the new love of my life and my Angel Baby, our granddaughter, Aefa. The love story continues.
I should do it more often.


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Egotism and reincarnation
Expand Messages
- "Just think that if the human being, not merely theoretically with ideas and concepts, but with the whole inner life of his soul, were to grasp the truth that this earthly life as he enters it through birth lays upon him the obligation of fulfilling a mission which he has brought with him from a life before birth! Just think how egotism would vanish if that thought were to fill our souls, if this earthly life were regarded as a task which must be fulfilled because it is linked to a higher-than-earthly life through which we have previously passed! Egotism is combated by the feeling that stirs in us when we look upon life on earth as a continuation of a higher-than-earthly life, just as it is fostered by the religious denominations which speak only of life after death. That is what is important for man's social well being, to restore the fact of his preexistence to the consciousness of mankind of the present and of the future, and of course the idea of reincarnation is inseparable from that of the preexistence of the human soul." Rudolf Steiner
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Consider the beautifully inverted recording career of Patricia Barber. First she establishes herself as an innovative stylist and fearless fusioneer, flouting convention with cool-jazz treatments of pop/rock classics such as "Light My Fire" and "Black Magic Woman," upsetting expectation with mordant anthems-for-the-times like "If This Isnt Jazz." Only then does the Chicago-based singer/pianist essay the classic-jazz repertoire. After she's made her bones as a deep-thinking revolutionist. After shes captured a huge cult audience. Barber, who will make her first Denver-area appearance Sunday, November 12 at the Gothic Theatre, says her new Blue Note/Premonition CD, Nightclub, expresses her lifelong respect for tunes such as "Yesterdays" and "I Fall in Love Too Easily," and composers ranging from Cole Porter to Burt Bacharach and Hal David. Her lean, dynamic treatment of "Bye Bye Blackbird" would likely thrill Miles Davis. And when she envelops "Autumn Leaves" in her smoky, slithering glory of a voice, we understand anew why Barbers postmodern cool so intrigues post-bop hipsters -- and almost everyone else.
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November 9, 2000 | 4:00am|


text: Beware of our legislators hidden agendas and "bill bundling" in the drafting of legislation, ....we the people should know specifically what our legislators are voting on!! There is a long list of such submerged and disguised "tag-along" legislation, where we the electorate may favor (or not) the passage of a given bill, only to find out it's main thrust has been augmented with provisions and/or bundled with other bills that can potentially negate,dilute or enhance the bills thought to be original intent-, sometime being completely afield from the bill's considered primary intent and purpose. This slight of hand legislator ploy to usually appease opposition, accommodate "pork" or support a hidden agenda is insidious. It is difficult enough to grasp the substance of any proposed legislation let alone have to cope with manipulative double-entendres and outright subterfuge! We become mesmerized by the rhetoric surrounding the thought to be essentials of the legislation only to miss the potentially altering attachments,the fine print that if ignored in law can bring on results totally unanticipated and conceivably contrary to our survey.This is deliberate people, it once again tells us what sheep they think we are! Remember Amnesty '86, Obamacare '10, other voluminous bills before and after that when enacted their altering caveats and additions raised havoc in their adherence or lack of adherence. Specificity, is the politicians nemesis; thereby provisions for wiggle-room, for swerve is common place in their legislation drafting techniques. Why this mention you ask-, be wary of the proposed amnesty legislation now moving to the House!


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If I activate BB Press Forum and then log out of my dashboard I can no longer log back to the dashboard.
If I keep BB Press Forum deactivated I can't use WooCommerce settings.
What should I do to resolve this?
Thank you
This might be a shot in the dark but maybe you can see what type of php your host is running and/or try reinstalling all plugins.
If you don't want to use bbpress and the "required plugins" screen forces you to install it open up functions.php and delete:
require_once( 'includes/admin/register-plugins.php'); // register the plugins we need
This will deactivate the "required plugin check" and you can use WooCommerce without installing bbpress.
Fantastic, I will do that.
Thank you again.
The topic 'BB Press Forum Software issues' is closed to new replies.


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In this wry fiction debut, Elaine Meryl Brown plunges lucky readers into a gripping narrative of small-town hijinks and big-time hearts.
Rule Number One: Never marry an Outsider. If you do, the boll weevil will bite you back. Rule Number Two: If you can't be honest, you might as well be dead.
Nestled in the foothills of Virginia's Blue Ridge mountains, Lemon City has ten rules, all designed in the best interests of its tight-knit black community. Granddaddy Dunlap… (more)
Publisher: One World (February 24, 2009)
Format: EPUB
File size: 2.3 MB
Protection: DRM
Language: English


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An increase in the price of cement is possible due to higher operation and transport costs following the hike in petrol and diesel prices early last month.
The Master Builders Association of Malaysia (MBAM) said in a statement that cement price might increase again because quarry product prices had risen by 20% on July 1 due to higher costs of operating machines and transporting them.
The statement was issued jointly with the Real Estate and Housing Developers Association, Persatuan Kontraktor Melayu Malaysia and Persatuan Kontraktor India Malaysia.
MBAM said the steel bar price had increased 12% while the price of cement had jumped 22% since prices of both were liberalised. It added that the cement price increase had also caused concrete price to rise by 23%.
It said contractors' margins were also being squeezed with the hike in electricity tariff from July 1 of up to 18% for households and 26% for some commercial and industrial users.
MBAM said if the situation worsened, the Government should implement a 15% export tax for steel bars and billets, cement and clinker as well as banning the export of steel bars and clinker to ensure that there was adequate supply for the local construction industry. Published under Cement News


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Karsan Otomotiv Sanayii Ve Ticaret AS, a Turkey-based vehicle manufacturer, is pursuing its plan to sell its taxi model internationally after it lost a bid to supply the next fleet of yellow cabs in New York. Karsan lost to Nissan North America for a 10-year agreement to supply 13,000 compact commercial vehicles to New York City for its entire fleet of taxi cab beginning in 2013. The exclusive deal will replace 16 current taxi cab manufacturers in the city.
Ford Motor Co. also lost the bid to Nissan, which will utilize its new NV200 small van as the official New York taxi. Compared to Nissan and Ford, Karsan is clearly an underdog in the competition.
During the early parts of this year, Karsan triggered an outpouring of public support around the city when it pledged to assemble V1 taxis in Brooklyn from kits if it is selected. Despite failing to obtain the contract, the automaker plans to target other cities for its taxi model after it will launch a prototype this summer.
A spokesman for Karsan told Automotive News Europe that the company will proceed with its target to reach worldwide markets at full speed with V1, following strict compliance with its project plan.
On another note, the NV200 official New York taxi is designed on Nissan's global B-segment platform, which also supports the Nissan Micra, Note and Juke, as well as alliance partner Renault's Modus and Clio and Renault-owned Dacia's Logan.


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Written on: 15/03/2013 by Spiggy (1 review written)
i am genuinely delighted with the product (linux elite). Plenty of options to play with, uptime pretty good but then i dont run a business using it.
The support offered is very poor.
In live chat i was repeatedly told to contact billing when i asked specific technical questions eg "do i need to change the IPS Tags". I also felt the responses were a bit ill tempered, especially as I took the time to politely rephrase the same question when they failed to address the issue.
Submitting tickets don't seem to improve the responses, they simply fail to address the question. Although I did get the unhelpful response quite rapidly.
My honest view is that they lack English literacy and basic technical knowledge of their own products.
As rated by our community of reviewers
" Sunday evening problems! " Read More
" Completely useless hosting " Read More
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From parks and streets to bushland and forest, every event offers a different adventure: choose yours now!
Orienteering is a unique sport for all ages and abilities that keeps your body fit and your mind active.
Tuesday, 20 June 2017
If you have just competed in the event at Deadman's Flat,
you have another opportunity to visit this historic area. Yarra Valley invites
you to our event, which is on world class terrain, first mapped for the World
Championship Relays in 1985. Hania Lada has set the courses and says she hopes
they will both challenge and reward you.
Further details are on Eventor, but please note the
Entries close at 11.59 pm Thursday 22 June. However, as the
maps will have to be printed before entries close, it is highly recommended
that you do not leave it to the last minute to enter. We have estimated the
likely number of competitors on each course, and as a backup we will print a
number of maps with all controls marked so that you should still be able to run
the course of your choice.
Enter on the day (EOD) will still be available with no
Please note that two different map scales will be used.
Courses 1 to 3 will have 1:10,000 and courses 4 - 9 will have 1:7500.
Important - you will be turning into the paddock through a
gate which will be closed when it is not manned (due to sheep in the paddock).
This could lead to a queue of traffic at times. If the gate is not manned,
please close it after entering or leaving.
More news here.
Orienteering Victoria is the governing body for orienteering in Victoria and actively supports the many forms of this popular sport, enjoyed in a wide variety of locations across the State.
Contributing news items is encouraged and is a great way to publicise your club's upcoming event or competition results. You don't need to be a computer expert. Just contact the site administrator to be granted access to add news items. This page will also provide assistance on what to do.
Got a hot tip or news item but you don't have site access? Email your news to me and I should be able to post your news/photo on the appropriate page.
Feedback on site content is also welcome. For other feedback on OV events and activities use this link.
SPRINT INTO SPRING starts on October 14!!
MelBushO returns in April 2018!!


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Spectrum is a community for Christians of all denominations who subscribe to our aims to explore their faith. Although we have strong Methodist links we welcome all main line Christians to join or participate so that we can learn from one another in a spirit of love. Spectrum encourages groups and individuals, lay and ministerial, to explore the Christian faith in depth. We welcome open debate to encourage spiritual growth in groups and individuals.
You will find details of the The next Conference from 22nd May to 24th May 2017 at Willersley Castle on the Reflection page along with the booking form that can be downloaded from there. The speakers on "The God We Worship" are Rev Dr Neil Richardson and Rev Dr Barbara Glasson.
Plans are well in hand for a future Conference at Willersley Castle between 21st May to 23rd May 2018
Following our conferences we produce Study Papers for groups or individuals prepared by the Conference speakers. Past "Explore" Study Papers can be downloaded but the latest Study papers are only available to members currently. Some of the past copies of our magazine "Engage" can be found on the Theology pages. Members should have received copies recently, if not use "Contact Us" for it to be rectified, assuming your subscription is up to date!
Membership details are on the Community page. The subscription is at least £10 per annum to join and entitles you to our printed material. If you have not updated or paid your subscription you will stop receiving Magazines and printed material. If you believe you should have the printed materials but have not received them please contact Jo Newell on firstname.lastname@example.com
Use the Contact Us link if you wish to contact any of the officers. We will get back to you as soon as possible. Also there is a list of contacts on the Community page.
Follow us on Facebook (still under construction)
Note that the "Contact Us" must not be used for commercial purposes.
Site updated on November 18th 2015 @ 15:32 GMT.


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Thanks to you Debt Free Education just got closer. Now Oregon Senator Jeff Merkley is trying to make it a national program
Thank Senator Merley for his support.
Students are drowning in debt. The average debt load for an Oregon college graduate is now $25,000, a 75% increase since 2005. This is a truly remarkable cost shift onto the backs of students.
Fortunately, thanks in part to your email and our friends at the Working Families Party, Oregon took a first step to change the debt-for-education treadmill that has trapped students, and trapped our economy. By a unanimous vote, the House Higher Education Committee passed HB 3472.
The bill that passed is a first step, but it was a big one. It directs the Higher Education Coordinating Committee to develop a Pay It Forward pilot program to be presented to the next Legislative Session for approval. Now the bill moves on to the Ways and Means Committee and then to the floor of both Houses.
Thanks in part to your support the Oregon legislature is leading the country on developing a viable, state-based alternative to the debt-driven system that makes Wall Street happy, but leaves students saddled with unsustainable debt.
See the Debate in the NY Times.


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Leading consulting group with a 360° approach
COWI provides strong expertise within the railway and metro disciplines such as:
Our services cover the entire project life cycle from feasibility study through preliminary and final design, supervision, operation and maintenance.
We combine this with extensive project management, strategic planning, risk and safety management, procurement and tender management, environmental, social and climate assessment, transport economy and traffic projections, economic and financial studies and quality assurance.
Due to the wide range of services provided by COWI, we can undertake complex multidisciplinary railway, metro and infrastructure projects with an emphasis on synergy of the expertise and efficient technologies.
COWI works for public railway infrastructure owners, national railway authorities as well as international donor organisations including the European Union, the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development, the World Bank, the Asian Development Bank, the African Development Bank and the Nordic Development Fund. Furthermore, COWI also works as a consultant for private railway organisations, railway operators and contractors.
COWI in Africa can assist you with establishing contact with the relevant experts in our organisation – see the box to the right.
José ChembezeManaging DirectorTel: +258 21 firstname.lastname@example.com
Emmanuel UrokiHead of DepartmentTel:+255 22 firstname.lastname@example.com
Marcus Jon WattamManaging DirectorTel: +45 5640 firstname.lastname@example.com
Peter SieversManaging DirectorTel: +260 211 265 firstname.lastname@example.com
Read about some of the projects in Africa COWI has participated in within Railways, roads and airports
Read about some of COWI's international projects within Metros