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Complaint Review: JIM WALTERS MORTGAGE
JIM WALTERS MORTGAGE - JIM WALTER HOMES PREDETORY LENDERS McComb Mississippi
*Consumer Comment: Mr Esloon
*Consumer Comment: Mr Esloon
At that time in 2004 or 2005 she was behind on her mortgage payment. My wife and I paid her mortgage current, however, we were not advised of the other issues pending to make sure we could help my mother out. Now that my mother has passed away as soon as of May 2007. We have called Jim Walters to try and cure the problem, speaking to a Chuck Sloon, and Chris Little, who both were very vocal about not being able to speak to me without a letter, that they have had since 2004-2005, per Woodlock from Jim Walters Home. However, I have found out as of today a member of the family who is ONLY a sister in law called me today that she called Chris Little, and Chris has advised her that the home is in foreclosure.
So as I sit here and write this my mothers home which was built on my land is in the process of foreclosure, because Jim Walters would not speak to me, and RELEASED private information to a family member who is not on the mortgage, deed, nor has a letter been released from mother to speak to her before she passed. We need a lawyer quickly I reside in Phoenix Az. and cannot find someone to take the case because of where I live.
Mesa, Arizona
Does your business have a bad reputation?Corporate Advocacy Program™Fix it the right way.
Set the record straight:Arbitration Program
This report was posted on Ripoff Report on 12/13/2007 06:27 PM and is a permanent record located here: http://www.ripoffreport.com/reports/jim-walters-mortgage/mccomb-mississippi/jim-walters-mortgage-jim-walter-homes-predetory-lenders-mccomb-mississippi-291412. The posting time indicated is Arizona local time. Arizona does not observe daylight savings so the post time may be Mountain or Pacific depending on the time of year. Ripoff Report has an exclusive license to this report. It may not be copied without the written permission of Ripoff Report. READ: Foreign websites steal our content
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#2 Consumer Comment
Mr Esloon
AUTHOR: B Stroud - (U.S.A.)
SUBMITTED: Thursday, February 12, 2009POSTED: Thursday, February 12, 2009
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text: Legend To Slide Beta! Okay before we start... If you Already Flashed the Eng-Build release... You Don't have to Flash it again!!! You need to have Rooted your Phone Here > *Root the Slide & Other HTC Devices*6/15/2010* How-To Updated 6/29/2010 - xda-developers Next you needed to Follow the Downgrade & flash the ENG_Build Here > HOW-TO * Flash the Eng-Release to the Slide *6/15/2010 - xda-developers Okay! Now if All that is Done, we can Move on!!! Download the Legendtoslide.zip & Place on the SDCARD here > LegendToSlide.zip Download the Update.zip & Place on the SDCARD Needed to Run the Recovery for the Update Here > update.zip OKAY!!! Let's Begin!! Boot the Phone into Recovery Mode! Volume up + Power for Menu Options Wipe Data / Factory Reset from original Recovery first then Process!! Step 1. Select update.zip from the Factory Recovery Step 2. install zip from sdcard Step 3. choose zip from sdcard Step 4. select LegendToSlide.zip Step 5. EnJOY~!!! LegendToSlide This Rom is Beta*** Wifi working BlueTooth working Data working Root Busybox Everything works Minus the Bug's Posted below! Error's / Bug's Keyboard Light don't work Few Graphical Error's as well.. !


text: Hi -- Am going to Akron for a wedding weekend, and am wondering if anyone can suggest some good restaurants that are inexpensive or moderate cost for meals that are not included in the wedding festivities. Having some veggie or fish options on menu would be helpful. Also possibly will need lunch on the drive between Cleveland and Akron. Thanks!


text:
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text:
The Steiner Centre is grateful to Yvonne Philpott for helping us stay in touch with our busy alumni who are working in Waldorf schools on many continents. - ed
In early February I was in California where I had the opportunity to meet up with dear friends: two Japanese RSC Teacher Education graduates. Hiromi Matsue (Class of 1999) now lives in Los Angeles and teaches Japanese at the Ocean Charter School. Proximity to the Pacific inspires some California schools to choose Japanese as a foreign language for its students.The Ocean Charter School, spread over three campuses, is a publicly funded Waldorf school. By this summer all class teachers will have completed Waldorf teacher training.A beautiful blackboard description of Waldorf's view of child development in her classroom showed me that Hiromi is making her contribution to the professional development of her colleagues.
I witnessed a rehearsal of the two combined grades 4 for a performance of a Japanese fairy tale. It is an annual highlight where the grade four students present an hour-long play in Japanese, with a little guidance in English so the audience can follow. All the children know all the roles and only towards performance time does Hiromi match actors and roles. Teams of parents and their friends provide considerable help with the elaborate costumes, make-up and scenery. Last year's performance drew members of the local Japanese Businessmen's Association who were so impressed that they provided a grant which enabled Hiromi to order a huge traditional hand-made drum.
During my visit two of her colleagues told me: Hiromi is such a gift to the school!
Akico Komano (Class of 2006) followed her Waldorf teacher education with a four-year eurythmy training in England. She then returned to Sapporo, Japan, where she conducts eurythmy classes for adults and for children. She was visiting her friend Hiromi at the time I was there. She led a three-week eurythmy session with a grade 3 in the Ocean Charter School, at the end of which the school's director asked her if she wouldn't like to move to L.A. And that wasn't the only compliment she got. The students had prepared a beautiful thank-you book.
Akico and Hiromi were preparing to attend the West Coast Waldorf Conference in Portland, Oregon at the end of February.
Yvonne Philpott


text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|15 Aug 1995
|Filing date
|23 Feb 1993
|Priority date
|23 Feb 1993
|Fee status
|Publication number
|Slobodan Cuk, Ljubisa Stevanovic
|Original Assignee
|California Institute Of Technology
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (1), Non-Patent Citations (6), Referenced by (88), Classifications (7), Legal Events (6)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
This invention relates to a dc-to-dc switching-mode converter having an isolation transformer and regulated multiple output voltages and to ac-to-dc converters with input current shaping for unity power factor operation.
Modern switching-mode converters for power supplies, such as those used in personal computers and other electronic equipments are plagued by many practical problems.
First, for safety and other reasons, an isolation transformer is required in the power processing stage of the converters, which then requires an isolation transformer in the feedback control circuit leading to major circuit complexity and cost.
Second, for cost and size reasons, multiple output converters are preferred in a majority of practical applications to supply multiple voltages, such as +5 V, +12 V, and -15 V in a single converter. However, only one of the output voltages can be fully regulated, while the others cannot.
In addition, the load currents cannot be allowed to drop below certain minimum values (typically 15% of the full load value) without drastically affecting unregulated multiple output voltages. A typical solution to this problem has been to waste 15% of excess power by placing a resistor in parallel with the output load in order to maintain multiple outputs within prescribed tolerances.
Yet another problem is to shape the input current to follow the ac power line current in the power processing input stage of the converters for unity-power factor operation to avoid pollution of utility power lines with harmonic currents. Typically unity-power factor operation is obtained by use of an additional front-end switching-mode regulator, which increases both the size and cost of the power processing stage and decreases the power processing efficiency.
The nature of these practical problems is discussed more fully below with reference to FIGS. 1 through 5 using conventional switching-mode converters as examples.
A typical prior-art isolated switching-mode converter shown in FIG. 1 consists of an isolated power stage 10 and an integrated circuit (IC) feedback regulator 12, where the necessary regulation is effected. However, since the only controllable device, a switching transistor Q1, is on the primary side of an isolation transformer T1, the feedback circuit must also be isolated by a transformer T2. The single feedback regulator 12 comprises a voltage comparator 12a which compares the output voltage to a load with a reference voltage VREF, and a voltage comparator 12b which compares the error voltage from the comparator 12a with a sawtooth wave voltage generated at, for example, 20 kHz clock rate to produce a pulse width modulated (PWM) control signal to the switch Q1.
single integrated circuit (IC) regulator chips are commercially available from a number of manufacturers which perform all of the functions of the feedback regulator 12. Later figures include only the functional description of such a regulator chip in nonisolated feedback control circuits of this type.
The ac input line voltage is rectified by a full-wave diode rectifier shown for simplicity in the drawing as a single diode D but is in practice implemented with a diode bridge circuit. The rectified voltage is filtered by a capacitor C. The isolated switching-mode converter 10, comprising switching diodes D1 and D2 and inductive filter elements L1 and C1, is a conventional buck converter.
The feedback regulator 12 controls only one quantity, the duty cycle of the switching transistor Q1 on the primary side of the isolation transformer T1 Thus, both input voltage variations and output load current changes are absorbed by controlling the duty ratio of the single input switching transistor Q1.
The complexity of the circuit needed to implement isolation in the feedback loop is obvious from FIG. The control circuit on the secondary side of the isolation transformer T1 requires power, which is obtained from either a separate isolated switching-mode converter (not shown) or through a third, low power, isolation transformer T3 and a conventional linear power supply regulator 14 operated from the ac input line. However, the controlling switching transistor Q1 on the primary side of the isolation transformer then requires an isolation transformer T2 in the feedback loop. Thus, the need for some protection features on either side of the main isolation transformer T1 increases the number of isolation transformers to three because the linear power supply 14 required to provide regulated VCC for the feedback circuit 12 requires an additional isolation transformer.
As shown in FIG. 2, in multiple output converters, the single feedback control regulator 12 permits the full regulation of only the one output voltage shown in FIG. 1. The other output voltage can, depending on the load current, undergo very large variations from +12 V nominal value to as low as +6 V, or as high as +18 V, which is clearly unacceptable. The typical prior-art solution to this problem is to preload both outputs with some minimum 15% load current by use of dummy resistors in parallel with the load shown in FIG. 2 as being a variable resistor.
If the load RL in the main converter varies, as illustrated in FIG. 2, the output current i1 to the load varies, as shown by the dotted line in the graph of FIG. 2a, but the average voltage output to the load is maintained through the PWM of the duty cycle D to the switching transistor Q1 as intended. However, that change in duty cycle of the switch will then also have an effect on the output current to the load of the second of the multiple output converter. If, on the other hand, the load of the other of the two multiple outputs varies as shown in FIG. 3, it will be virtually unregulated as shown in FIG. 3, i.e., the duty cycle D is virtually unchanged, as will be understood more fully from further discussion below. While that technique of providing both outputs with some minimum 15% load current will alleviate the voltage regulation problem, it continuously wastes 30% of power and thus defeats the original purpose of using higher efficiency switching-mode regulators over linear-mode regulators.
Full load current regulation on multiple output voltages could, of course, be obtained as shown in FIG. 4 by use of the cascaded switching postregulators 16 and 18. Efficiency is reduced significantly since the total input power is processed twice, once in the main multiple-output switching-mode regulator 10' and the second time through the postregulators 16 and The size, weight and cost of the power-supply package is thus increased significantly.
Several important performance observations could be made with reference to the isolated Cuk converter 20 as disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,184,197 and illustrated in FIG. 5. In this, as in all switching-mode converters used so far, the existence of the single controllable switching transistor Q on the primary side and the controlled converter 20 necessitates at least one level of isolation in the feedback circuit 22 for control of the output dc voltage on the secondary side. In practice, the isolation barrier is crossed many more times, such as in providing VCC for the feedback circuit. Note that the single active switch Q on the primary side performs a dual function, as in other switching dc-to-dc converters shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. Its pulse width is modulated to regulate against both the changes of input voltage and changes of output load current. Note also that of the two disturbances, input voltage variation has a more significant first order effect on duty ratio D, while load current changes cause only a small second order correction in the duty ratio.
For example, from the ideal voltage conversion gain (D/(1-D) without parasitic resistances, a 4 to 1 input voltage change (15 V to 60 V) may cause duty ratio change from 0.2 to 0.5 or 250% change. When the parasitic resistances are included in the voltage conversion ratio, the load current change by a factor of 10 (from 9% to 90% of load) typically may cause only 10% or less change of nominal duty ratio (from 0.5 to 0.55). The more efficient the converter, the smaller the needed duty ratio corrections for load current regulation. One motivation for the present invention is to separate the two disturbances by keeping the input voltage disturbance localized on the primary side of the isolation transformer T1 shown in FIG. 1 and load current disturbances localized on the secondary side of the isolation transformer T2 and thus eliminate the need for the isolation in the feedback control circuit.
Without such separation, the dynamic response and bandwidth of the original fourth order converter, such as the one in FIG. 5 is severely limited resulting in a poor transient performance to a step-load current change. In addition to the nonminimum phase response (right half plane zero's) the converter corner frequency is strongly dependent on the operating duty ratio D as discussed in S. Cuk and R. D. Middlebrook, Advances in Switched-Mode Power Conversion, Vols. I, II, and III, TESLAco, Irvine, Calif., 1981 and 1983 editions. Consequently, the loop-gain cross-over of the converter in FIG. 5 or other standard converters, such as the forward converter with an input filter shown in FIG. 4, has to be chosen at conservatively low frequencies in order to meet worst-case conditions.
Two approaches have been proposed in the past which provided a full-load regulation of multiple outputs puts in a single power conversion stage. The first approach described in A. Dauhajre and R. D. Middlebrook, A Simple PWM-FM Control for an Independently Regulated Dual Output Converter, Proc. Tenth International Solid-State Power Electronics, Conference (Powercon 10), March 1983, was based on a two-output flyback converter with one output operated in a discontinuous conduction mode, hence sensitive to switching frequency. The full regulation of both outputs was provided by controlling two quantities, duty ratio and the switching frequency of the single active device on the primary side. This method is clearly limited to two outputs and requires isolation in the feedback control circuit.
Another approach is to use additional active switches in each of the secondary converter sides of an isolation converter, such as the three-switch network (3SN) extension of the isolated Cuk converter proposed in R. Mahadevan, S. E1-Hamamsy, W.M. Polivka and S. Cuk, A CONVERTER WITH THREE SWITCHED-NETWORKS IMPROVES REGULATION, DYNAMICS, AND CONTROL, Proc. Tenth International Solid-State Power Electronics Conference (Powercon 10), pp. E1.1-E1.19, March 1983, and shown in FIG. 6. Note the additional pair of switches, Q1, D1 and Q2, D2 in each output section of the multiple output voltage regulator. As shown, each of the two outputs can be independently and fully controlled by independent PWM control signals q1 and q2. In waveforms shown in FIGS. 19 6a, which is equivalent to waveforms shown in FIG. 19 Mahadevan, et al., the arrows on the two drive waveforms for switches q1 and q2 indicate that these edges are controllable. Note the wide range of change of both duty ratios d1 and d2. Note also, that according to the control strategy proposed in Mahadevan, et al., supra duty cycle d of the PWM signal applied to the transistor Q on the primary side is constant, and its ability to vary is not utilized. Hence, both input voltage and load current variations are compensated by controlling the duty ratio of active devices only on the secondary winding side of the isolation transformer T. Thus, the same dynamic response deficiencies and sub-optimal step-load transient response remains. Furthermore, as illustrated in Mahadevan, et al., supra if the active device on the primary side is PWM modulated, it is controlled from the additional, standard, secondary-side output as shown in FIG. 28 in Mahadevan, et al., supra so that isolation in the feedback control is also needed.
A modification of the prior art in accordance with the present invention is to separate the conventional isolated feedback control loop of FIG. 5 into multiple, nonisolated feedback loops, one on the primary side of the isolated 3SN-Cuk converter of FIG. 6 for feedback regulation of the input voltage and the others for regulation of the multiple output voltages on its secondary side of the isolation transformer T. Thus, the beneficial decoupling of the input voltage regulation from the output load regulation is achieved, and each output voltage may be controlled by controlling the duty cycles d1 and d2 of the added third switches Q1 and Q2. The primary-side feedback loop regulates against input voltage variation, while the secondary-side feedback loops perform additional minor output voltage corrections against load current changes. This feedback decoupling is only possible on a very limited number of switching-mode converter topologies such as the 3SN-Cuk converter shown in FIG. 6.
In addition to elimination of the isolation in the feedback control, the invention to be described below provides full regulation of all output voltages in a single power processing stage while preserving the efficiency, small size, and low cost of the isolated Cuk converter disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,184,197. Other switching-mode converters that may embody the present invention will then be described and illustrated in the drawings.
In ac-to-dc switching converters such as the one in FIG. 1, the conventional front-end, full-wave rectifier and filter provides raw dc input power which must be further processed by the dc-to-dc switching converter. The front-end, full-wave rectifier and filter has a very poor power factor and is a source of the severe harmonic currents. Recent international regulations governing power quality and harmonic current pollution of the utility line have imposed severe harmonic current limitations on equipment connected to the ac power line. Consequently, to avoid introducing harmonic currents in the line, it is desirable to operate a switching-mode converter with a unity power factor (UPF).
The standard way to achieve UPF operation is to process the input power as shown in FIG. 7 through a preliminary power processing stage 30, typically a boost converter which provides UPF control. The addition of this front-end preprocessing power stage further decreases efficiency and increases the size and cost of the converter package. It would be desirable to achieve UPF operation with only an appropriate modification of the input voltage regulation feedback loop in a single power processing stage. The present invention provides UPF operation in that manner without any penalty in efficiency, size, cost, or performance (fast output transient response), since UPF operation is obtained only through a change of the input feedback control loop of the single power processing stage of the converter which may be a multiple output voltage converter, each with its own direct feedback voltage control loop.
In accordance with the present invention, all of these practical problems are obviated by use of the isolated version of the dc-to-dc Cuk converter disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,184,197 appropriately modified as described below to incorporate two separate nonisolated feedback loops, one on the primary side of an isolation transformer and the other on the secondary side of the transformer. The isolated Cuk converter comprises a primary-side closed loop circuit consisting of an input dc voltage source, an input inductor, an energy transfer capacitor, and a transformer primary winding connected serially, and in that order, and a primary-side switching means connecting a junction between the inductor and capacitor on the primary winding side of the transformer to the juncton between the primary winding and the return current side of the source, and a secondary-side closed loop circuit comprising the transformer secondary winding, an energy transfer capacitor, output inductor, and a load connected serially and in that order, and a switching means connecting the junction between the capacitor and the inductor on the secondary winding side of the transformer to a junction between the load and the return current side of the secondary winding of the transformer. The primary-side switching means is typically implemented using an active controllable device such as a bipolar transistor or MOSFET, Q, while the secondary-side switching means comprises a diode, D, whose switching is controlled through the primary-side active device switching, and in synchronism therewith. The primary- and secondary-side capacitors clearly exhibit two distinct intervals: a discharging interval when the input switch Q is ON and the output switch is OFF and a charging interval in the opposite case.
The isolated Cuk converter is then modified on the secondary side by inclusion of an additional active current bidirectional switch, Q1, in series with the secondary-side capacitor introducing an additional secondary-side control device. Opening of this bidirectional switch Q1 introduces an idling interval in the previous discharge and charge intervals of the squarewave-like energy (current) transferring capacitor. By varying the width of this idling interval (during which capacitor current is zero), an additional independent control over the output voltage is introduced. When this switch is implemented with a MOSFET, its body diode provides it with the bidirectional current capability. Both active devices Q and Q1 are, for simplicity of implementation, turned ON simultaneously, but are turned OFF at different times, resulting in two independent duty ratio controls, d of Q and d1 of Q1, affecting the output dc voltage.
Thus, in the context of the present invention, this particular switching configuration permits establishing two separate and completely decoupled nonisolated feedback loops so that the primary feedback loop regulates against the changes of the input voltage by controlling the duty ratio d of the primary-side active switch Q, while the secondary-side feedback loop regulates against changes of the load current by controlling the duty ratio d1 of the secondary-side active switch Q1. A constant output voltage is thus maintained even in the case of a light load when the converter enters discontinuous conduction mode owing to the complete decoupling of the two controls. Hence, regulation from no load to full load is accomplished. The feedback sensing voltage for the secondary-side feedback control is clearly the output voltage which is to be regulated. It is shown that the appropriate sensing voltage for the primary-side feedback circuit can be found on the primary side of the transformer as the voltage across the primary-side switching device during its OFF state. This feedback control configuration eliminates the isolation requirement imposed on all conventional feedback control configurations.
Finally, it is desirable for practical reasons to synchronize the operation of the primary- and secondary-side IC feedback regulators which operate at constant switching frequency. This is accomplished by sensing and differentiating the transformer secondary-side voltage, and gating only pulses of one polarity through a diode to the sync input of the secondary-side IC feedback regulator. In this way, the two active devices, Q and Q1, will be simultaneously turned ON and synchronized to a fixed common clock rate.
Additional regulated output voltages can be easily provided by repeating the secondary-side 5 circuit as many times as desired, once for each regulated voltage added. Since each output voltage has now its own controlling active switch and regulating feedback circuit, every output voltage will be independently and fully regulated from no load to full 0 load current change, and over a wide range of input voltage change. Each output voltage is also independently protected and could be shut OFF in case of a short or overload condition on that particular load without affecting the operation of the remaining 5 output voltages which could continue their service without interruption.
With input voltage regulation thus isolated from the secondary-side load current regulation feedback loops in the capacitive idling and isolated Cuk dc-to-dc switching-mode converter, unity power factor operation is achieved when the dc-to-dc converter is connected to an ac power line by a full-wave rectifier and the primary-side feedback circuit is modified to force the average input current to follow the rectified ac line voltage and be in phase with it. This is IC chips by use of feedback control techniques that are commercially available as specially designed chips for UPF control. Qualitatively new performance not available in conventional converter circuits is obtained: ideal unity power factor performance and full regulation of all output voltages with a wide bandwidth is achieved simultaneously in a single-power converter which otherwise would require up to three separate cascaded power converter stages.
The foregoing summary is directed to practicing the invention in a preferred embodiment using an isolated Cuk converter, however, it is understood that in its broadest aspects, the invention may be practiced in a number of different isolated switching-mode dc-to-dc converters that meet several special requirements. A number of new converter topologies suitable for implementation of this novel feedback decoupling control of switching converters is also disclosed as part of this invention. The isolated dc-to-dc converter suitable for this application must have an energy transferring capacitor on the secondary side of the isolating transformer. Energy transferring capacitor is defined as a device which conducts squarewave-like charging and discharging current as distinct from a filtering capacitor in a lowpass LC filter application. An additional current bidirectional switching device (such as a MOSFET switching transistor, for example) is added in series with this capacitor, which introduces another controllable quantity, an idling time during which the capacitor is neither charging nor discharging and its current is zero. This additional controllable quantity enables introduction of two separate and completely decoupled, nonisolated feedback loops so that the primary feedback loop regulates via the control of the primary-side active device, against changes of input dc voltage while the secondary-side feedback loop regulates via the control of the secondary-side active device, against the changes of load current. The feedback sensing voltage for the secondary-side feedback is clearly the output voltage which is being regulated. It is also shown that the appropriate feedback sensing voltage for the primary-side feedback is found on the primary side of the capacitive energy transfer converters, such as in Cuk, SEPIC, inverse SEPIC, etc., converters as the voltage across the primary-side switching device during its OFF state. This permits elimination of the isolation requirement imposed on all conventional regulating feedback circuits. Decoupled feedback control insures that all output voltages in multiple output converters will be fully regulated from no load to full load. Furthermore, the same synchronization method as employed for the preferred embodiment using an isolated Cuk converter applies equally well in this general case.
Finally, as in the preferred embodiment using the Cuk converter operated from a full-wave rectified ac line voltage, the very beneficial UPF operation can be obtained on the input. The previous input voltage feedback regulation circuitry simply needs to be replaced by the standard feedback control circuit utilized for UPF control and implemented using standard commercially available IC regulator chips for UPF control.
FIG. 1 is a conventional switching regulator requiring at least two isolation transformers in the feedback and control circuits.
FIG. 2 is a conventional two-output forward converter with a single feedback control circuit. Light load on regulated output (FIG. 2b) reduces duty ratio and the voltage of the unregulated output (FIG. 2a).
FIG. 3 is a conventional two-output forward converter with a single feedback control circuit. A light load on the unregulated output (FIG. 3a) increases its voltage despite the same duty ratio in the regulated output (FIG. 3b).
FIG. 4 illustrates that two cascaded power conversion stages are needed to achieve full voltage regulation of each output in the conventional multiple output converters.
FIG. 5 is a prior-art isolated Cuk converter employing a conventional single isolated feedback control circuit.
FIG. 6 is a prior-art two-output capacitive idling Cuk converter. FIG. 6a illustrates duty ratios d1 and d2 of the secondary-side active switches are regulating against both input voltage change and load current change, since duty ratio d of the primary-side active switch is assumed constant.
FIG. 7 is a prior art approach to provide unity power factor input in off-line converter applications: up to three separate cascaded power conversion stages are needed to provide regulation of all output stages.
FIG. 8 is prior-art capactive idling, nonisolated Cuk converter using two independent controls.
FIG. 9a illustrates the general concept of capacitive energy transfer. Addition of a current bidirectional switch as in FIG. 9b introduces an additional idling interval. FIG. 9c shows two practical implementations of ideal current bidirectional switchs.
FIG. 10 is a capacitive idling Cuk converter obtained by addition of a current bidirectional switch (Q1, D1) to the basic Cuk converter. As in the boost-buck converter of FIG. 8, this results in two independently controllable switches (Q and Q1). As in FIG. 8a, FIG. 10a illustrates in three waveforms the periods of charge and discharge of an energy transfer capacitor C, and of two independent controls, q and q1.
FIG. 11a, 11b and 11c are the three switched networks of the capacitive idling Cuk converter illustrating the discharge, idle and charge intervals.
FIG. 12 is a conventional cascaded boost-buck converter with new useful and unobvious separate feedback loops around each converter.
FIG. 13 is a capacitive idling Cuk converter the topology of which is essentially equivalent to that in FIG. 10, but now featuring the same two feedback loops as the conventional boost-buck converter of FIG. 12.
FIG. 14 is a the circuit diagram of the present invention: the isolated version of the capacitive idling Cuk converter with nonisolated and decoupled primary- and secondary-side feedback control loops.
FIG. 15 is the two-output version of the present invention of FIG. 14. Each output feedback loop regulates against the load current changes of the respective outputs. The primary-side feedback loop regulates against input voltage changes.
FIG. 16 is a general structure of the present invention switching converter based on capacitive energy transfer and capacitive idling. The addition of a current bidirectional switch in series with secondary-side energy transfer capacitance leads to secondary-side feedback control circuit. By sensing the OFF voltage of the primary-side active switch, the primary-side feedback loop can be closed.
FIGS. 17a, 17b, 17c and 17d illustrates a number of converters which can be derived using the general principle outlined in FIG. 16.
FIG. 18 is a circuit diagram of the present invention as applied to full-wave rectified ac line input: input feedback control is modified to make the average input current follow rectified ac voltage and obtain unity power factor performance.
FIG. 19 is a general structure of the present invention of FIG. 18 unity power factor performance on input and fast transient response on all outputs is obtained in a single power converter.
FIG. 20a shows simulation results of the load regulation loop frequency response and FIG. 20b shows simulation results of the step load transient response of the present invention, namely a capacitive idling Cconverter.
FIGS. 21a and 21b are graphs of data for the experimental prototype of the present invention switching at 150 kHz exhibits a superior 60kHz output loop bandwidth (FIG. 21a) under all operating conditions which results in the fast transient response (FIG. 2lb).
To understand how the isolated version of the basic dc-to-dc Cuk converter has been improved to provide a new, useful and unobvious converter with decoupled input and output switching circuits having separate nonisolated feedback loops, application of the invention to the three switched network (3SN) extension of the basic Cuk converter shown in FIG. 6 will first be described more fully with reference to FIG. 8. As explained in Cuk, supra, the operation of this nonisolated 3SN converter is very similar to the original Cuk converter, which is based on capacitive energy transfer. The only difference is introduction of an idling period ti= (d-d1) Ts as shown in FIG. 9b where d is the duty ratio of the transistor switch Q, d1 is the duty ratio of the diode switch D1, and Ts is the period of a clock cycle, typically a 20 kHz clock. During the idling interval ti, the energy transfer, capacitor C is neither charging nor discharging (open-circuited). Note that during this idling interval, capacitor voltage is constant and current through it is zero. Independent control of this idling interval is made possible by the presence of an additional pair of switches Q1 and D1 shown in FIG. 8 to implement the switch S in FIG. 9b. Position of these two switches is not unique, and FIG. 9c shows other bidirectional current switch implementations for the same converter. In one implementation the diode D1 is shown connected in parallel with a bipolar transistor switch Q1 to provide the same bidirectional current flow through the capacitor as in the arrangement of FIG. 9b. Another implementation in FIG. 9c is with just a MOSFET switch Q1 in place of the bipolar transistor Q1 and diode D1. The function of the diode D1 is served by the parasitic body diode of the MOSFET switch Q1. Assuming ideal switches Q1 and D1, both arrangements of FIGS. 8 and 10 result in the same three distinct linear switched networks of the 3SN capacitive idling illustrated in Cuk converter of FIGS. 11a11b and 11c and the same operation. Unlike discontinuous capacitor voltage mode in the conventional Cuk converter, the interval d2Ts FIG. 11b is determined solely by the control input.
While somewhat less efficient than the previously known nonisolated 3SN converter (FIG. 8), this novel implementation of the 3SN Cuk converter of FIG. 10 or its single MOSFET transistor implementation is independent of topology and provides a valuable insight into other converter configurations offering similar characteristics. Referring to FIG. 9b, it is obvious from the alternating capacitor current direction and its unidirectional voltage, that a current bidirectional switch is needed. The antiparallel connection of Q1,D1 (FIG. 9c) represents but one practical implementation of a general current bidirectional switch (equivalent to a single-pole, double-throw mechanical switch S) in series with the energy transferring capacitor C. The other implementation using a MOSFET transistor with its inherent diode (FIG. 9c) makes it clear how the series switch Q1 allows both charging and discharging currents through the capacitor C while also introducing the idling interval d2Ts by disconnecting one side
of the capacitor from the rest of the circuit. Consequently, by inserting the current bidirectional switch in series with the energy transferring capacitor in other capacitive energy transfer converters, a special class of converters is obtained. Due to their common characteristic of energy transfer in the normal operation of the converter (Cuk or other type) and the unique mode of capacitor idling (voltage constant and current zero) by opening a series-connected switch, the terminology capacitor idling converter is introduced and will be used hereinafter.
While the capacitive idling converter of FIG. 10 has two controllable switches, Q and Q1, it is not at all obvious that there exists a control method which would provide for a complete decoupling of the two expected disturbances, namely variations in the dc input voltage due to disturbances in the ac line voltage, and variations in the load which requires regulated voltage or voltages. To facilitate understanding how the present invention provides such complete decoupling, consider in FIG. 12 the straightforward cascaded connection of a boost converter 33 followed by a buck converter 32. The front-end boost converter has an output voltage V1 on capacitor C given by
V1=VG/(1-d), (1)
where d is duty ratio of a switch Q. The output voltage v of the buck converter is
V=V1 d1 (2)
where d1 is the duty ratio of transistor Q1. The corresponding timing waveforms are as shown before in FIG. 10. It is clear that a feedback loop 33 can be closed around the input boost converter 31 to regulate the voltage V1 against input voltage changes only. A
separate feedback loop 34 can be placed around the output buck converter in order to regulate the output voltage V against load current changes. Thus, the decoupling of the controls into the two feedback loops in the conventional boost-buck converter of FIG. 12 is easily understood.
The same new, useful and unobvious decoupling as illustrated in FIG. 12 may also be achieved in the 3SN Cuk converter as shown in FIG. 13. Consider first the implementation of input voltage regulation in a capacitive idling cascaded boost buck converter as shown in FIG. 12 with the cascade connection of the boost-like converter 41 followed by the buck-like converter 42 as shown in FIG 8 but using MOSFET transistor switches. Except for the polarity inversion and particular switch realizations, the converter of FIG. 13 is equivalent to the cascaded boost-buck converter of FIG. 12. Therefore, a separate feedback loop 43 around the input boost-like power stage 41 can be closed for regulating against input voltage changes as shown in FIG. 12. Likewise, an output feedback loop 44 will regulate against load current changes. However, the key difference between that and the more important aspect of the present invention is in the isolated version of the capacitive idling Cuk converter, as shown in FIG. 14.
No such isolation configuration is possible for the straightforward boost-buck converter of FIG. 12. In fact, the isolation transformer T in the capacitive idling Cuk converter of FIG. 14 has the ideal true ac transformer characteristics. On the other hand, the new and very useful separation into the two feedback loops 43 and 44 of the nonisolated Cuk converter in FIG. 13 carries over to the isolated capacitive idling Cuk converter of FIG. 14. Consequently, the same reference numerals 43 and 44 are carried over from FIG. 13 to FIG. 14. The difference is that the isolation transformer T now completely separates the two feedback loops to their primary and secondary side circuit networks. This clearly eliminates the need for any isolation in the feedback control circuit, i.e., this allows the non-isolated feedback regulators to directly control and drive the active switches on the primary or secondary side, respectively. The standard IC regulator chips of the kind described earlier with respect to the feedback control circuit 12 in FIG. 1 can be implemented.
Referring to FIG. 14, the feedback loop 43 on the primary side regulates against input voltage changes, while the secondary side feedback loop 44 regulates against the output load current changes only. However, separation of these feedback loops is not possible in other standard converters, such as forward, push-pull, full-bridge, etc. The unique topology of the Cuk converter and its capacitive idling extensions is that the quantity V1 given by Equation (1) which needs to be regulated by the input loop 43 is also available in a somewhat hidden form on the primary side. When the primary side transistor switch Q is OFF, its blocking voltage is equal to the total voltage V in the energy transferring capacitor Clp. Hence, all that is needed is to sense the transistor Q OFF voltage, rectify it into a dc voltage and use this as a sense voltage for the
feedback loop 43 as shown in FIG. 14 using a diode Db, capacitor Cb and resistor Rb. Other methods for generating this sense voltage are also possible,
such as creating an auxiliary boost converter by use of an extra diode and capacitor as signal processing components. The output feedback through the regulator 44 can be closed as before around the output stage as shown in FIG. 14.
Also shown in FIG. 14 is an Rs, Cs differentiating circuit for generating a synchronization pulse for the feedback loop at the transformer secondary from the squarewave generated at the primary side of the transformer when the transistor Q is turned ON. (A negative pulse produced by the Rs, Cs differentiating circuit at the transistor Q turn OFF time is blocked by a diode Ds.)
Another important practical variant of the present invention is the two-output extension illustrated in FIG. 15. Note that each output can now have independent load regulation control, thus providing a full regulation of all outputs simultaneously and over the full load range from full load to no load. This was not possible with any of the standard converter topologies without great sacrifice in efficiency, size and cost.
The presence of a controllable, secondary-side switches Q1, Q2 in series with each output load R1, gives an additional practical advantage of this converter class. A short-circuit condition on one output circuit does not requires a shut down of the whole converter to protect it. Instead, this results in the opening of the active switch on the secondary side of the affected output only. Therefore, all other outputs will continue to function and provide fully regulated voltages to their loads.
Practical implementation requires the power to be supplied to the IC feedback regulation circuits 44A and 44B on both the primary side and secondary side of the isolation transformer T. This, however, can be accomplished easily by rectifying either the voltage on the primary side or secondary side of the isolation transformer or scaling them appropriately from the regulated input voltage through additional transformer windings. Thus, no separate housekeeping power supplies are needed and absence of the need for isolation in the control and drive circuitry is also preserved.
The elimination of any need for an isolation transformer in the regulating feedback circuits is one of the major advantages of the present invention. This has been implemented by use of independent regulating feedback IC chips commercially available, such as the Unitrode UC 3843, for example, one on the input side of the isolation transformer T and one for each separately regulated voltage output on the secondary side. This poses the need for the clocks needed in the PWM IC regulator chips on each side of the transformer T to be synchronized for proper operation. The input IC regulator chip provides a squarewave-like waveform to the transformer T that is then inductively coupled into the secondary winding of the transformer T. By differentiating this waveform via the Rs, Cs differentiator and gating only positive pulses via diode Ds into the sync input of the secondary side IC regulator chip as described hereinbefore, the two IC chips will be synchronized with respect to the input MOSFET transistor switch Q as shown in FIG. 15. The commercial IC regulators, such as the Unitrode UC 3843, provide a sync input pin for accomplishing this synchronization of the secondary side IC chip clock to the primary side IC clock so that even the clock signal, such as a 20 kHz clock, required by the IC chips may be provided by separate clock pulse sources. Thus, synchronous clock pulses are provided on both sides of the isolation barrier (transformer T) without the need of any further isolation transformer.
From the foregoing description, the general class of the converters with decoupled primary and secondary side feedback loops emerges as in FIG. 16. The very limited group of the converters which are characterized by the capacitive energy transfer, such as Cuk converter, SEPIC (single ended primary inductance converter), inverse SEPIC, etc., can be first modified into their capacitive idling counterpart by addition of a switch in series with the energy transferring capacitor on the secondary side of the isolation transformer T. The secondary-side feedback loop is then controlling this switch to regulate the output voltage against load current changes only. A separate nonisolated feedback on the primary side controls the active device on the primary side and regulate against input voltage variations. The OFF voltage of the active device is used as a feedback sensing voltage. A number of converters shown in FIGS. 17a through 17d illustrate the implementation of this general concept. Note also that the converters in FIGS. 17a and 17b can also be made with the realizations equivalent to the switch implementation shown in FIG. 8.
Another very important variant of the present invention is illustrated in FIG. 18. Note that the only change from FIG. 14 is in the different feedback control algorithm which now forces the average input current to follow the rectified input voltage using standard commercially available IC regulated chips for UPF control as illustrated in FIG. 18. Thus, ideally desirable unity power factor performance is obtained for converters operating directly from a utility ac line. Note that this performance feature was obtained without addition of any power processing stages, such as the boost stage 20 in FIG. 7, thus preserving the single power processing feature, high efficiency and low cost of the original capacitive idling Cuk converter.
The general concept of converters having unity power factor operation and wide bandwidth output is illustrated in FIG. 19. All converters shown earlier in FIGS. 17a through 17d are also capable of unity power factor operation with appropriate input control circuits. In all cases, isolation is provided by a transformer T with no need for transformer or other feedback isolation.
Finally, the separation of the ordinary isolated feedback control into two separate nonisolated feedback controls is made possible only in a very few special converter configurations disclosed by the present invention. Complete decoupling of the two feedback loops results in the greatly improved transient response to the step-load current change. Modern electronic loads pose severe limitations on the converter step-load response due to ever faster changing load currents. Several factors contribute to the very limited, low bandwidth of the conventional feedback control as illustrated in FIG. 5. Typical frequency response of the fourth-order Cuk converter exhibits in addition to the four poles, the undesirable right half-plane zeros, which quickly result in a -540� phase shift. This imposes very severe limitation on the bandwidth, since loop-gain has to be closed at relatively low frequencies to prevent the phase shift exceeding the stability limit of 180� . Further limiting bandwidth is the fact that duty ratio of the active switch is used to regulate the output voltage against both input voltage and load current changes. This will cause the duty ratio to vary over wide range (typical 15 V to 60 V change may result in a 3 to 1 change of duty ratio). Moreover, the low-frequency gain and the position of both poles and zeros of the converter are highly dependent on the duty ratio, that is converter operating point. Consequently, the crossover of the converter loop-gain has to be chosen very conservatively in order to meet the worst case condition. This practically means that for the converter switching at 150 kHz, the highest bandwidth which might be expected is around 1 kHz.
The decoupled feedback control in the capacitive idling Cuk converter effectively reduces the output load current transients to the well-behaved second order system of the buck converter type which is free from undesirable nonminimum phase response and, in fact, does not have any zeros in the control transfer function. Note also that the operating point of the output feedback loop is fixed thanks to the action of the primary-side feedback loop which provides a fixed and preregulated input voltage to secondary side. To verify the much improved transient response, the simulation of the step-load transient response and measurements on the prototype of the capacitive idling Cuk converter with decoupled feedbacks were made. SPICE program simulation of the load regulation loop with the lossless damping network confirms the analytically predicted bandwidth of 60 kHz as shown in FIG. 20a. Since the input voltage to the buck-like output stage is constant, its frequency response is unchanged for all load current and input voltage combinations and its loop-gain crossover constant at 60 kHz. This wide bandwidth guarantees an excellent transient response. Simulation of the transient response to 1A to 3A step-load current change are shown in FIG. 2Ob. The output voltage overshoot is excellent (2%). Similarly impressive performance was obtained on the experimental prototype circuit with the measurement results shown in FIG. 21a and 21b . This should be compared to the original 1 kHz bandwidth which could be obtained for the isolated Cuk converter of FIG. 5, thus a factor of 60 times improvement in the bandwidth. Furthermore, this is obtained by an increase of the output capacitance by the same factor leading to rather heavy penalty in size, weight and cost of the conventional approach.
The excellent fast output transient response is also preserved when the converter is powered directly from a full-wave rectified ac line. In fact, the UPF performance on the input is obtained simultaneously with the wide bandwidth output feedback loop in a single power conversion stage of the capacitive idling isolated Cuk converter with decoupled nonisolated feedbacks.
However, although there is complete decoupling between the primary- and secondary-side feedback circuits regarding their steady-state properties, that is the output dc voltage V and intermediate dc voltage V1, the two feedback loops are still connected in cascade, thus leading to their interaction regarding the dynamic response. Thus, a potential for instability could still arise if the two feedback loops were not properly designed and their possible adverse interaction accounted for.
In summary, a novel capacitive idling Cuk converter with decoupled feedbacks is shown to possess the following advantages over conventional converters:
1. Elimination of the need to cross the isolation barrier in the feedback control path.
2. Full regulation of multiple outputs in a single input power-processing stage.
3. Separation of the conventional isolated feedback into two independent feedback loops, namely input voltage feedback regulation and output load regulation loops, resulting in fast transient response.
4. Independent short circuit protection of each output.
5. Efficiency, cost, and size comparable to conventional multiple output converters.
6. Ideal unity power factor performance in off-line converter applications is obtained at no additional penalty in efficiency, size and cost over the standard multiple output dc-to-dc converters.
|Cited Patent
|Filing date
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|DC-to-DC switching converter
|A. Dauhajre and R. Middlebrook, "A Simple PWM-FM Control for an Independently Regulated Dual Output Converter," Proc. Tenth International Solid-State Power Electronics Conference (Powercon 10) Mar. 1983.
|A. Dauhajre and R. Middlebrook, A Simple PWM FM Control for an Independently Regulated Dual Output Converter, Proc. Tenth International Solid State Power Electronics Conference (Powercon 10) Mar. 1983.
|H. Matsuo and F. Kurokawa, "Precise Regulation of Multiple Output Voltages in a DC-DC Converter," IEEE PESC Record, 1980, pp. 275-283.
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|U.S. Classification
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification
|23 Feb 1993
Owner name: CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, CALIFORNIA
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You know that hormone that gave you the best orgasm you have ever had? Oxytocin, yeah that one. Well, that same hormone causes you to be in labor (it causes uterine contractions). And that same hormone causes your breasts to eject milk (it's released when your nipples are stimulated). And it's the same hormone that causes you to feel attached to your sex partner and your baby (it's known as the "cuddle" or "love" hormone).
Have you heard about orgasmic birth? A surprising number of women experience orgasms during labor caused by oxytocin release. This would only happen during an unmedicated birth. Check it out at OrgasmicBirth.com.
Also, did you know that semen is a natural cervix softener? When you're pregnant, the best thing you can do is have sex with your (male) partner. His semen will get your cervix ready for labor better than the cervical ripening gel your OB has.
We mentally separate sex and our babies, but in reality, nature doesn't. I guess we do this because we spend so much energy trying NOT to get pregnant. In fact, we work very hard to have lots of sex without getting pregnant, and have invented so many ways to avoid pregnancy that it can be hard to make the mental switch to being excited about getting pregnant.
Our breasts are a major part of our sex-without-baby-making lives. We fret about them, augment them, boost them, perfume them, and display them to attract men to want to touch them.
Biologically, there's support for men being attracted to women's breasts. If everything boils down to reproduction and ensuring your genes make it into the next generation, as evolutionary biologists say, then men should select women who would be able to feed their offspring, not mates who can't.
(Ironically, breast augmentation surgery usually compromises lactation. Talk about fooling nature...)
Large natural breasts do not equal more milk, by the way, but maybe the male brain doesn't know that. Large breasts and large behinds with a small waist could suggest health also, and there is a lot of evidence that men and women select mates with traits that suggest good health.
Breasts have complex meaning for humans:
1) Men are attracted to full breasts for healthy mate selection
2) Breasts are great bedroom toys because they release oxytocin aiding in sexual pleasure and attachment
3) They play an important part in ensuring the health of the offspring and maternal attachment to offspring
Can breasts be both sexy and food for babies? YES! What's sexier for a monogamous couple than knowing that they produced children together? A man can honor a woman's breasts as life-giving and beautiful during sex.
Don't sell your breasts short! They are nothing short of amazing!


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Bio & Incident Details
Age: 56
Tour: Not available
Badge # 44
Cause: Automobile crash
· Leave a Reflection
· Add to My Heroes
· Update this memorial
Deputy McCarty was killed in an automobile accident while responding to backup a state trooper. It is believed that a piece of debris was dropped from atop a railroad trestle and struck Deputy McCarty's windshield, causing his vehicle to strike a bridge abutment.
Deputy McCarty was survived by his son, two daughters, and two grandsons.


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I normally don't like giving Donald Trump the publicity he doesn't deserve, but he's finally gone too far.
The Donald got his week started with a bang by tweeting blasphemies about the Ricketts family, who of course, own the Chicago Cubs.
Why, Trump? Just why?
Why can't you just stick to calling Hillary a lesbian, or that wall you're so hell bent on building? The Ricketts family has its own wall already, and it's covered in ivy. They don't want to be dragged into your clown show, because they're in charge of a very profitable one at the corner of Clark and Addison.
I hear the Rickets family, who own the Chicago Cubs, are secretly spending $'s against me. They better be careful, they have a lot to hide!
— Donald J. Trump (@realDonaldTrump) February 22, 2016
Tom Ricketts and his family have owned the Chicago Cubs since October of 2009 when they purchased it from the Tribune Company. The family first achieved wealth through their father who founded TD Ameritrade and later on through investment banking, where Ricketts is the CEO of Incaptial, LLC here in Chicago.
Clearly, nobody besides the Trump actually knows if the Trump is talking about anything of substance in these "threats." Are the Ricketts actually hiding anything? Is it because Tom Ricketts once told Donald he had bad hair? Or does it have to do directly with the Cubs?
Maybe he figured this was the most efficient way to get Chicago's attention; by Twitter-bombing the owner of a team who's suffered for most of the last century but are now on top of the baseball world. Because at this point, it seems pretty obvious that generating attention is Donald Trump's sole campaign strategy.
On that note, there are more attention-grabbing specifics about the Trump-Ricketts beef at 670 TheScore.


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New Washington State Law Effective Mid-July Bans Holding Phones, Other Electronic Devices
Washington Governor Jay Inslee signed a bill yesterday that makes even holding a phone – or any other electronic device, for that matter – against the law effective mid-July.
Currently, only texting or holding a phone to one's ear is illegal – even if at a stop. First offenses will be subject to a $136 fine, $235 for a second offense.


text:
79 Luba Ave Richmond Hill, ON L4S1G6
Hi, Odile Jia.
My name is
and I have a question about 79 Luba Ave Richmond Hill
You can respond by either emailing me at
or call during
My Question Is:
Estimated Monthly Payment$5,051
Directions Bayview / 19th, Renovated $$$ And Upgraded Family Home In The Devonsleigh Community. Hardwood Throughout With Beautifully Finished Basement W/ 3-Pc Bath And Too Many Upgrades To List. Bright And Modern With All The Right Touches. Step Into Your Own Private Oasis Backyard Backing On To Ravine In A Natural Peaceful Setting. Close To Schools And Top Amenities, Neighbourhood Shopping And Yonge Street Corridor. Includes: Gas Range, Fridge, Stove, Washer, Dryer,
Interior Features Include:
Total Rooms 11
Heating: Forced Air
Source Gas
Exterior Features Include:
Acreage: 0.0000 Acres
Garage/Parking: Attached
Garage Capacity: 2
Other Features Include:
Community: Devonsleigh
Water: Municipal
Sewer: Sewers
Pool: None
Information provided by Toronto Real Estate Board, and is deemed reliable but not guaranteed accurate.


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Volunteers from Italy and Spain: I was really impressed by the young volunteers who came to Calcutta! They were so kind and we ate out several times as a group.
Joyce was from Taiwan but worked in Singapore and Adrian worked in Houston...They came to Calcutta on their own...
Paul( left front) is a young seminarian from Vancouver who also came on his own...Sitting next to him is David from Sweden then Lynn from Sweden also: I spent time with Paul, Lynn and David and we had great conversations!
Leo was from Argentina...We laughed very hard as his shoes (Crocs) were stolen while we were praying in the chapel: we had to remove our shoes before we enter the chapel at Mother Teresa's Convent...One of the sisters gave him another pair of sandals but they were disentegrating and there were pieces of soles on the floor at the restaurant!!!


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GraphicRiver Christmas Party Flyer 6390360
Category: Print Template, Photoshop Template
GraphicRiver Christmas Party Flyer 6390360
Photoshop \ Print Template \ Flyers \ Events \ Holidays
Template \ Editable \ Layered \ Different \ Christmas \ Bleeds \ Poster
Print Template - Christmas Party Flyer 6390360 by sanetanita @ GraphicRiver
Photoshop \ Print Template \ Flyers \ Events \ Holidays
Can be used as Poster, Flyer, E-Flyer template for nightclubs and any entertainment events.
Layered Photoshop file organized in folders with editable text and flexible layer styles. Easy to edit, replace text, add images, logos, etc. Show or hide different layers for your own unique style. Plenty of variations with this template you can use for several different projects. Readme file included. Enjoy!
[1] Files Sizes: 4.25×5.5 // 8.5×11
[2] Fully editable and resizable
[3] Resolution: 300dpi CMYK color mode.
[4] Files include bleeds, trims and guidelines(0.25 bleeds).
[5] Fonts used.
- Play Rus
- Chopin Script
- Myriad Pro
Final Result//
[*] Files fully layered, easy to modify, change colors or dimensions.
Print Ready! Enjoy it ! – Sanetanita
Feel free to a look at my other items too.
Layered: Yes; Graphics Files Included: Photoshop PSD, JPG Image; Minimum Adobe CS Version: CS; Print Dimensions: 8.5x11.
Back to School Flyer 2; Berry Styles ; Red & White Flyer.; Savage Dance Party Flyer; 50 Delicious Style Mega-Pack!!!; Time Citrus 3D Styles; New 3D Styles.
Keywords: christmas, design, flyer, funky, merry christmas, nightclub, nightlife, party, poster, promoter, promotional, sleek, template, xmas.


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In 2015 UkrSibbank BNP Paribas Group continues to re-allocate funds intended for the New Year celebrations and gifts to be used instead for the treatment of children with cerebral palsy. For the second year in row UkrSibbank takes care of 14 children with cerebral palsy, determined to see to their full recovery. The Sensible Charity project, a joint initiative of UkrSibbank and the Likar.Infund International Charity Foundation is aimed at providing treatment for children from all over Ukraine who will continue rehabilitation until they fully overcome the disease.
Since 2008 UkrSibbank has been setting an example in terms of efficiently helping those in need. The Sensible Charity project has been running for six years now, while the bank has built about twenty sports and playground complexes for orphanages all over Ukraine, as well as assisted children with cerebral palsy in obtaining professional help and a chance to move normally.


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Friday 26 February 1937
It was Friday, under the sign of Pisces. The US president was Franklin D. Roosevelt (Democratic).
Famous people born on this day include Hagood Hardy and Paul Dickson.
Lost Horizon, directed by Frank Capra, was one of the most viewed movies released in 1937
while Northwest Passage (novel) by Kenneth Roberts was one of the best selling books.
But much more happened that day: find out below..
You can also have a look at the whole 1937 or at February 26 across the years.
Old Newspapers
Have a look at the old newspapers from 26 February 1937 and get them!
TV Series
Which were the most popular TV series released in the last months ?
Which were the most popular movies released in the last months ?
Find out your future
Get a FREE Numerology report based on the digits of 26 February 1937!
Wish him/her..
Historical Events
Which were the important events of 26 February 1937 ?
- Bah�'f Faith - February 26, Day 1 of Ayy�m-i-H� (Intercalary Days) - days in the Bah�'f calendar devoted to service and gift giving.
- Blessed Edigna
- Saint Mechtild (d. 1154)
- Blessed Leo of Furnes (d. 1163)
- Saint Victor
- Saint Alexander of Alexandria
- Saint Nestor (died 251)
- Liberation Day in Kuwait (1991).
- Nation of Islam - Savior's Day - commemoration of the birthdate of Wallace Fard Muhammad, believed to be Allah in human form, the saviour of the black race.
Famous Birthdays:
- Hagood Hardy: American/Canadian jazz musician, composer, and liberal politician.
- Paul Dickson: American football player and coach (d. 2011).
- Cliff Osmond: American actor and screenwriter (d. 2012).
Featured Contents
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Make this date unforgettable
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...and if 26 February 1937 was your Birth Date then Join our Birthday Club!
Genealogy: find out your family heritage
Which were the most popular books released in the last weeks ?


text:
Also congratulations to the good folks at The Music Exchange on North Lincoln, another hip and happening new drum shop in Chicago.
And don't forget to visit Steve Maxwell's new shop the next time you're in Chicagoland!! 1163 East Ogden Ave, Naperville 630-778-8060 Call before you visit,
Book news from Rebeats:
Jerry Shirley's memoir "Best Seat In The House- Drumming in the '70s with Marriott, Frampton, and Humble Pie" was released in October, 2011.
Rick Gier's "Dating of Vintage Gretsch Drums Based Upon Serial Numbers" was released in November, 2011..
Work continues of the Gretsch project. It will benefit greatly from the efforts of Rick Gier, who has completed a remarkable study of round-badge serial numbers. Gier's treatise will soon be published as a separate standalone Rebeats publication.
2012 Chicago Show date set
The 22nd Annual Chicago Drum Show will be held May 19 and 20, 2012 at the usual venue, the Kane County Fairgrounds.
Pennsylvanion Drum Show October 20, 2012 www.lawtondrum.com
Gretsch book
Rob Cook spent 3 days recently in New Jersey with John Sheridan collaborating on the Gretsch drum book. The tome is starting to take shape; the manuscript already fills two large ring binders and their are over 2700 digital files filling over 16 gigabytes of hard drive.
In an effort to keep my news more current and timely, I have set up a blog and will probably start tweeting as well in the near future. Please visit http://rebeatsblog.blogspot.com/


text:
According to sources, BlackBerry is set to launch the Priv in South Korea at a press event held this upcoming September 20th.
Something most likely won't know, is that BlackBerry first launched a smartphone in Korea in 2009 - but pulled out of the market alongside HTC, Motorola and Nokia around late 2012. Currently, Samsung holds around 70% of the marketshare, with Apple in second, holding around 10%.
This means the Priv will be the first smartphone that BlackBerry has launched in the country in the past three years. Apparantly, there are no plans to re-establish offices in the region.
A move that we all will definitely be watching closely, since the phone was launched almost a year ago - and pricing has yet to become available. The important thing to see, will be how the device stacks up against smartphone makers like Huawei who recently launched smartphones in Hong Kong.
S: ZDNet


text:
Tuesday, December 17, 2013
Sunday, December 01, 2013
Jingle ready to celebrate Christmas
Jingle is a Christmas themed bear ready to celebrate the season with a new family. Jingle is made from recycled black and white mink furs and stands 6 1/2 inched tall. He wears a hat made from velveteen fabric, ribbon, twisted gold thread and topped with a bell. The Christmas tree is crocheted from DMC cotton, embellished with glass beads, coiled wire and a bell.
Jingle has been adopted and is on his way to join his new family in the United States.
Cheers Susan ♥
Posted by Susan at 8:09 AM 1 comments
Subscribe to: Posts (Atom)


text: , (PressExposure) April 21, 2009 -- How do you know what your staff or children are doing on computer? Are they studying, working, or playing game? This advance Keylogger software describes you that what exactly do on system in your absence and it is very useful for parents to monitor childrenâs online activities. Keystroke tracker application save all performed system activities like computer games, internet searches, online shopping, files transfers, web-based emails, password, clipboard content, document text etc and periodically captures windows screenshot. PC activities surveillance program save all keyboard character including special keys, character and numbers and facilitate to send password protected log details to specified email address. Key press tracker software working in completely invisible mode at desktop background and provide various other features like very low memory and CPU usage, desktop image capture, hidden from all windows application and not degrade system performance. Software record Unicode character, support all international keyboard, save system registry operation, mail content of outlook or outlook express and easily install on all Microsoft windows operating system like 98, 2000, 2003 server, NT, ME, XP professional, media center and all Vista editions. Advance Keylogger software features: * Working in background and not visible in any running application or detected by any antivirus or anti Keylogger software. * Facilitate user to generate hot key for various operation and run command. * Record all key press activities, password, registry operation, document text etc. * Generate and send password protected logs to user specified email address. * Display all running process, clipboard content and capture windows screenshot. * Monitor entire internet activities, file operation and save all keyboard character. * Record microphone sound and voice chat conversation from both sides.


text:
just brought my first car!
Discussion in 'Chit Chat' started by ANNTEXT, 9 April 2007 Social URL.
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MiniMins.com is a weight loss support community helping each other on their weight loss journey. We have a multitude of forums, from Slimming World and Exante, to Success Stories. Click the logo at the top right to return to the forum home page at any time.
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text:
The Action démocratique du Québec party predicts it will rebound from its crushing defeat by using its leadership race to return as a right-wing force in Quebec politics distinct from the federal Conservative Party.
More than 400 party delegates voted yesterday to speed up the election of a party leader to replace ADQ co-founder Mario Dumont who stepped down after a disappointing third-place showing in last December's vote.
Mr. Dumont's successor will be elected on Oct. 18, four months earlier than originally planned. The party is at a crossroads and needs to rebuild its credibility if it wants to avoid the political hinterlands, according to many delegates.
The party's former House leader, Stéphane Proulx, warned against moving too quickly in choosing a leader if the party lacks the resources to mount a "national" leadership race. The ADQ still carries a small debt and is reported to have 12,000 members.
"We don't have the necessary membership for a national leadership race. We don't have enough money to organize a national leadership race," Mr. Proulx told the delegates. "We must build; and I'll go even further and say we must rebuild our party. We are a bit like Rocky. We've fallen twice. If we want to get up again we have to be in good shape to win the fight. This isn't fiction, it's reality." The party isn't electing a class president, he reminded the delegates, but someone who must show they can become the premier of all Quebeckers.
Front-runner Gilles Taillon supported the move for an earlier vote. However, he also warned that a successful campaign is vital to the party's survival.
"Don't buy the coffin too early. We are still alive," Mr. Taillon told the cheering the delegates yesterday.
He later told reporters that the leadership race will constitute a decisive moment in re-establishing the party as a force to be reckoned with.
"It's a question of life or death. If the ADQ is unable to get through this race by building a solid party, the future will certainly be difficult," Mr. Taillon said.
The leadership candidates emphasized that the ADQ must keep its distance from the Stephen Harper Conservatives and underscored the importance of having a completely separate party. "As an autonomous party the ADQ cannot afford to become a branch plant of the federal Conservatives," Mr. Taillon said.
Conservative Senator Léo Housakos, an ADQ fundraiser, has been reportedly searching for a candidate who could form strong ties between the federal Tories and the ADQ.
"If Mr. Housakos wants to get involved and back a candidate, that's his right," said leadership candidate Éric Caire, one of the party's six members of the National Assembly, who remains close to the Tories. "I'm for building coalitions [with the Conservatives]on certain issues, but a merger is out of the question."
The members insisted on the need to build a strong organization that could bring back the 700,000 voters who abandoned the ADQ last December, after supporting them in the March of 2007 election that left Jean Charest's Liberals with the province's first minority government in more than a decade.
Despite all the attention placed on Mr. Dumont and the leadership candidates at the weekend party meeting, the man who stole the limelight was party MNA Gérard Deltell, whose picture was splashed on the front pages of Quebec City newspapers yesterday.
A political neophyte and former television journalist, Mr. Deltell was elected for the first time in December. He came under enormous pressure over the weekend to throw his hat into the ring for the leadership. Many members consider Mr. Deltell an ideal communicator, comparing him to Mr. Dumont, with a style and a newcomer's enthusiasm that could help rejuvenate the party.
Party members believe that the rival Parti Québécois may give the ADQ the boost it needs to build momentum among voters when PQ Leader Pauline Marois unveils her strategy on promoting sovereignty, emphasizing greater political autonomy for Quebec.
By stealing one of the ADQ's main elements of its platform, voters will prefer the real thing rather than an imitation, one party member said.
"There's only one autonomous party in Quebec and that's the ADQ," Mr. Taillon told the delegates.
Speaking on behalf of what he called the "silent majority," party president Mario Charpentier said that being autonomous also makes it appealing to right-of-centre Quebeckers seeking an alternative to the Liberals and the PQ.
"They want less government and more freedom of choice," Mr. Charpentier said, predicting that the ADQ will form a government within 10 years.Report Typo/Error