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The California Floristic Province is a zone of Mediterranean-type climate and has the high levels of plant endemism characteristic of these regions.
The hotspot is home to the giant sequoia, the planet's largest living organism and its taller but less massive relative, the coastal redwood.
This region also holds a number of threatened endemic species such as the giant kangaroo rat and the desert slender salamander, and some of the last individuals of the Critically Endangered California condor can still be found here. In fact, it is the largest avian breeding ground in the United States.
Wilderness destruction caused by commercial farming is a major threat for the region as the California Floristic Province generates half of all the agricultural products used by U.S. consumers.
The hotspot is also heavily threatened by the expansion of urban areas, pollution, and road construction.
As one of only five areas with a Mediterranean-type climate in the world — all of which are on the hotspot list — the California Floristic Province is characterized by hot, dry summers and cool, wet winters. The region contains a wide variety of ecosystems, including sagebrush steppe, prickly pear shrubland, coastal sage scrub, chaparral, juniper-pine woodland, upper montane-subalpine forest, alpine forest, riparian forest, cypress forests, mixed evergreen forests, Douglas fir forests, sequoia forests, redwood forests, coastal dunes, and salt marshes. Today, about 80,000 square kilometers or 24.7 percent of the original vegetation, remains in more or less pristine condition.
Like other Mediterranean-type ecosystems, the California Floristic Province is distinguished more by the endemism of its plants than its animals. Of nearly 3,500 species of vascular plants in the hotspot, more than 2,120 (61 percent) are found nowhere else in the world. Around 52 plant genera are also endemic.
The high levels of plant species endemism in the California Floristic Province are due to its varied topography, climate zones, geology and soils. The number of vascular plant species found in the California Floristic Province is greater than the total number of species from the central and northeastern United States and adjacent parts of Canada, an area ten times larger than the California hotspot.
Four subregions within the hotspot are centers of exceptionally high plant diversity: the Sierra Nevada, the Transverse Ranges in southern California, the Klamath-Siskiyou region in the coastal mountain ranges of California and Oregon, and the Coast Ranges. The Transverse Ranges, represent a narrow strip that runs east to west in southern California, separating the Coast Ranges to the north from the Peninsular Ranges to the south. The Klamath-Siskiyou region bridges the coastal mountain ranges of California and Oregon, and is home to the most diverse temperate coniferous tree community in the world.
In addition, serpentine soil habitats occur along fault zones in the Central and North Coast and Cascade ranges, from sea level to an elevation of 2,900 meters. Due to specific chemical and physical characteristics of the soils, these habitats are nutrient-poor, and this has led to the establishment of a highly specialized and diverse flora. It has been estimated that serpentine endemic plant species represent 10 percent of the California Floristic Province's endemics.
The hotspot is also home to two spectacular endemic tree species, the giant sequoia (Sequoiadendron giganteum) and the coastal redwood (Sequoia sempervirens). The giant sequoia, which remains in 75 groves in the Sierra Nevada range, is the most massive species ever to live on Earth, reaching heights of 75 meters and circumferences of 30 meters in the oldest trees. The closely related redwood is often even taller (sometimes reaching 105 meters), although smaller in circumference.
BirdsAlthough there are less than 10 endemic bird species found in the California Floristic Province, out of a total of more than 340 recorded, more species of birds breed in this region than anywhere else in the United States. There are two Endemic Bird Areas (EBAs), as defined by BirdLife International, in the hotspot. One of these EBAs, Guadalupe Island, is the native range of the Guadalupe junco (Junco insularis, CR) and the now extinct Guadalupe caracara (Polyborus lutosus) and Guadalupe storm-petrel, the latter last recorded in 1912. The California condor (Gymnogyps californianus, CR), the largest North American bird, once ranged across most of the continent; its main stronghold is in this hotspot. Although there were only about 25-35 condors remaining in the 1970s, captive breeding programs have increased the population to more than 100.
MammalsOf the more than 150 native mammal species in the California Floristic Province, about 20 are endemic to the region. Several large mammal species once found in the hotspot have been extirpated from California since the arrival of European settlers. These include the grizzly bear (Ursus arctos), grey wolf (Canis lupus), jaguar (Panthera onca), and bison (Bison bison). Ironically, the grizzly bear appears on the state flag of California and has been the state symbol for more than 150 years. A hunter shot California's last grizzly in 1920. Although there are occasional jaguar sightings reported from southern Arizona, this cat has been driven from most of its U.S. range. The last jaguar in California was shot in Palm Springs in 1860.
Other flagship mammal species occurring in the California Floristic Province are the kit fox (Vulpes macrotis), the island fox (Urocyon littorialis, CR), the latter with six subspecies confined to the six largest of the eight Channel Islands, the widespread Roosevelt's elk (Cervus elaphus roosevelti), and the tule elk (Cervus elaphus nannodes), the largest and smallest of the North American subspecies, respectively. The tule elk was on the verge of extinction at the close of the 1800s. Today, habitat protection and breeding programs have helped establish a wild population of more than 1,000 animals.
ReptilesFour of the hotspot's nearly 70 reptiles are endemic, including two that are found only on Cedros Island, off the Baja California Peninsula: the Cedros Island diamond rattlesnake (Crotalus exsul) and Cedros Island horned lizard (Phrynosoma cerroense). A number of species have fragmented populations or low population numbers, including the coast-patched nose snake (Salvadora hexalepis virgultea), the venomous red-diamond rattlesnake (Crotalus ruber), and the western ringneck snake (Diadophis punctatus).
AmphibiansThe highest levels of endemism in the California Floristic Province are found among amphibians, with over half of the nearly 50 species occurring found only in this hotspot. In general, the area is notable for its high endemism of salamander species. The most diverse genus of salamanders is Batrachoseps (nearly endemic to this hotspot), which includes the San Gabriel slender salamander (B. gabrieli), recently discovered in mountains in the Los Angeles metropolitan area. Two representatives of the salamander genus Hydromantes are endemic to this region. This genus is interesting in that it has an unusually disjunct distribution; its only other members are found within the Mediterranean region of southern Italy and France. Other noteworthy salamander species are the arboreal members of the Aneides genus, which ascend to the top of the tallest redwoods, and the endemic California tiger salamander (Ambystoma californiense, VU), which has emerged as a major point of contention between conservationists and developers in rapidly growing Sonoma and Santa Barbara counties. The rare arroyo southwestern toad (Bufo californicus, EN), a stocky upland toad found in the hotspot, is protected under the U.S. Endangered Species Act.
Freshwater FishesThe California Floristic Province has a relatively small number of inland fishes (just over 70 species), because of its isolation from the large eastern North American fish fauna by the western mountains and deserts. One of the most interesting groups is a collection of lamprey species, including a cluster of localized landlocked species in the northern mountains.
The hotspot also has impressive invertebrate diversity. The state of California is home to an estimated 28,000 species of insects, about 9,000 of which are endemic (32 percent). These species represent about 30 percent of all known insects in the United States and Canada.
The natural ecosystems of the California Floristic Province face serious threats from human activities and development. California's economy would rank it among the top seven countries in the world, and it is the most populated (estimated at 35 million people in 2002) and fastest growing state in the United States. California supplies one-half of all the agricultural products consumed in the United States each year. Direct pressures on ecosystems include urbanization, pollution, and habitat encroachment; expansion of large-scale agriculture; strip mining and oil extraction; invasive alien species; road construction; livestock grazing; logging; increasing use of off-road vehicles; and suppression of natural fires.
Human population pressures have rendered California one of the four most ecologically degraded states in the country, with all or part of the nation's eight most threatened ecosystems represented: beach and coastal strand, southern California coastal sage scrub, large streams and rivers, California riparian forests and wetlands, California native grasslands, old-growth ponderosa pine forests, cave and karst systems, and the ancient forests of the Pacific Northwest, which include the coastal redwoods.
Native grasslands and vernal pool habitats in the hotspot have been reduced to about one percent of their original extent by the conversion of natural lands to agricultural fields and livestock pasture, urban development, and the invasion of exotic grasses. The magnificent redwood forests, which once occupied 8,000 km along the California coast, have been reduced by intensive logging operations to 15 percent of their original standing area during the last 150 years (although many of these stands have regenerated).
Other seriously threatened ecosystems include wetlands, riparian woodlands and southern maritime sage scrub, which have all been reduced to 10 percent or less of their original area. Wetlands are destroyed by land filling and the diversion of water for agricultural, industrial, and residential development. The reduction in wetlands has been accompanied by a subsequent decline in shellfish, fish, and waterfowl populations that depend on these habitats. Riparian forests face threats from logging, grazing, and development (having been reduced by about 90 percent), while coastal sage scrublands are threatened by housing development, commercial development, and the increasing use of off-road vehicles.
Today, about 25 percent of the original vegetation of the hotspot remains in more or less pristine condition.
A little under 110,000 km, or 37 percent of the total land area of the California Floristic Province, is under official protection, although less than one-third of this is in IUCN categories I to IV. Among the mechanisms for protection in this region are several national parks (including two in northern Baja California); nearly 50 wilderness areas (managed by the U.S. Forest Service); 16 national wildlife refuges (managed by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service); 107 state parks; six U.S. military installations; and more than 50 areas managed by NGOs. The creation of many of these protected areas was the result of the dedicated efforts of national conservation organizations, including the Sierra Club, The Nature Conservancy, and the Wilderness Society.
The hotspot includes two of the oldest national parks established in the United States: Yosemite National Park and Sequoia National Park (which provides protection to the biodiversity in the southern Sierra Nevada) were created within days of each other in 1890. Other important national parks in the region include Redwood National Park, officially establish in 1968 (and expanded in 1978) and the 1,010-km Channel Islands National Park, a series of islands off the coast of southern California that provide protection for nesting colonies of seabirds and breeding populations of seals and sea lions, as well as the island fox.
In the last several decades, California has spent more money on conservation and set aside more habitat for protection than any other state in the United States. Nonetheless, the situation in California, the wealthiest of the United States, serves as an important reminder that biodiversity loss and the lack of complete and adequate protection for unique and threatened ecosystems is not just a problem in developing countries.
Bannan, J. 1993. Oregon State Parks: A Complete Recreation Guide. Seattle: The Mountaineers.
Barbour, M., Pavlik, B., Drysdale, F. & Lindstrom, S. 1993. California's Changing Landscapes: Diversity and Conservation of California Vegetation. Sacramento: California Native Plant Society.
Dallmann, P.R. 1998. Plant Life in the World's Mediterranean Climates. Berkeley: University of California Press.
Frome, M. 1994. National Park Guide 1994. New York: Prentice Hall Travel.
Grossman, D. H., Goodin, K.L. & Reuss, C.L. (Eds.). 1994. Rare Plant Communities of the Conterminous United States: An Initial Survey. Arlington, Virginia: The Nature Conservancy.
Hickman, J.C. (Ed.). 1993. The Jepson Manual: Higher Plants of California. Berkely: University of California Press.
Holland, R.F. & Jain, S.K. 1990. Vernal pools. In M. Barbour & J. Major. (Eds.), Terrestrial Vegetation of California. pp. 515-535. Sacramento, California: California Native Plant Society.
IUCN. 1992. Protected Areas of the World: A Review of National Systems. Vol. 4: Nearctic and Neotropical. Gland, Switzerland & Cambridge, U.K: IUCN & World Conservation Monitoring Center.
Jensen, D.B., Torn, M.S. & Harte, J. 1993. In Our Own Hands: A Strategy for Conserving California's Biodiversity. Berkeley: University of California Press.
Jones & Stokes Associates. 1987. Sliding Toward Extinction: The State of California's Natural Heritage, 1987. San Francisco: California Nature Conservancy.
Kruckeberg, A. 1984. California Serpentines: Flora, Vegetation, Geology, Soils, and Management Problems. Berkeley: University of California Press.
Lee, D.S., Gilbert, C.R., Hocutt, C.H., Jenkins, R.E., McAllister, D.E & Stauffer, J.R. Jr. 1980. Atlas of North American Freshwater Fishes. North Carolina Biological Survey Publication.
Loarie, S. R. & Ackerly, D. D. 2004 The Distribution of California's Endangered Plants in Multivariable Climate Space. 6th Annual Bay Area Conservation Biology Symposium.
Mckinney, J. 1994. Walking California's State Parks. San Francisco: Harper Collins West.
Moyle, P.B. & Davis, L.H. 2000. A list of freshwater, anadromous, and euryhaline fishes of California. California Fish and Game 86(4): 244-258.
Noss, R.F. 1994. California's ecosystem decline. Defenders 69(4): 34-35.
Noss, R.F. & Peters, R.L. 1995. Endangered Ecosystems: A Status Report on America's Vanishing Habitat and Wildlife. Washington, D.C.: Defenders of Wildlife.
Ornduff, R., Faber, P. M. & Keeler-Wolf, T. 2003. Introduction to California Plant Life. Revised edition. Berkely: University of California Press.
Raven, P.H. 1988. The California flora. In M.G. Barbour & J. Major. (Eds.), Terrestrial Vegetation of California. pp. 109-137. Sacramento: California Native Plant Society.
Raven, P.H. & Axelrod, D.I. 1978. Origin and relationships of the California flora. University of California Publications in Botany 72:1-134.
Seabloom, E.W., Dobson, A.P. & Stoms, D.M. 2002. Extinction rates under nonrandom habitat loss. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 99: 11229-11234.
Spinks, J.L. 1991. Hunting and Fishing: Military Lands. Harrisburg, Pennsylvania: Stackpole Books.
Stebbins, G.L. & J. Major. 1965. Endemism and speciation in the California flora. Ecol. Monographs 35: 1-35.
Stebbins, G.L. 1978. Why are there so many rare plants in California? I. Environmental factors. Fremontia 5(4): 6-10.
Stebbins, R.C. 1966. A Field Guide to Western Reptiles and Amphibians. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston.
Steinhart, P. 1994. California's biodiversity experiment. Defenders 69(4): 11-22.
Turner, T. 1991. Sierra Club: 100 Years of Protecting Nature. New York: Harry N. Abrams, Inc.
U.S. Census Bureau. State and County Quickfacts. Online: Available. http://www.census.gov
Vance-Borland, K., Noss, R., Strittholt, J., Frost, P., Carroll, C. & Nawa, R. 1995/96. A biodiversity conservation plan for the Klamath/Siskiyou region: A progress report on a case study for bioregional conservation. Wild Earth 5(4):5 2-59.
Wirka, J. 1994. California's missing bruins. Defenders 69(4): 23-25.
Zeiner, D.C., Laudenslayer, W.F. Jr. & Mayer, K.E. (Eds.). 1988. California's Wildlife. Volume I: Amphibians and Reptiles. Sacramento, California: California Statewide Wildlife Habitat Relationships System, Department of Fish and Game.
Zeiner, D.C., Laudenslayer, W.F., Mayer, K.E. & White, M. 1990. California's Wildlife. Volume III: Mammals. Sacramento, California: California Statewide Wildlife Habitat Relationships System, Department of Fish and Game.
California Conservation CorpsFriends of the River - California's Statewide River Conservation OrganizationGuide to California Programs for Biodiversity ConservationThe Peregrine Fund - California Condor RestorationSave-the-Redwoods LeagueSierra ClubThe Wildlands Conservancy


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Mindful and therapeutic photography workshops and courses
On a Look Again mindful photography workshop you will use mindfulness and a connection with nature wherever possible, and together, we look at ourselves, our relationships and our communities. We focus on looking, looking again and learning to see with new eyes.
The photography side of things is kept simple, low tech and fun. Participants can use any device they choose for their photography, from a mobile phone to an SLR camera and will have an opportunity to discuss their work.
Workshops are centred around the five steps to mental wellbeing – connect, learn, be active, notice and give.
Depending on the length of the workshop or course, photographs may be printed, framed, mounted and exhibited.
Benefits of mindful and therapeutic photography workshops and courses
As well as improve your actual photography skills, the workshops will help you
- Improve mood and self-esteem
- Reduce stress and increase ability to relax
- Improve social interaction
- Improve mental and physical fitness
- Increase sense of confidence and achievement
- Improve focus and observation skills
- Increase awareness of one's own story and that of others
Who are mindful and therapeutic photography workshops and courses for?
Mindful and therapeutic workshops and courses are for individuals, groups, service users, and staff.
- Charities and community and voluntary groups
- Businesses and social enterprises
- Schools
- Organisations working with people with mental health difficulties
- Activity providers or deliverers
- Health and wellbeing professionals
- People with lived experience of mental health difficulties (past or present)
The workshops can be adapted to suit any level of ability, age and needs. Please note I have enhanced DBS checks.
I am proud to be one of the fortunate photographers to have undertaken specialist training in participatory photography with PhotoVoice and ensure that my workshops and courses are as participative as possible.
One-to-one mindful and therapeutic photography workshops
I arrange mindful photography workshops for individuals at an appropriate location and together we decide to focus on an interest, project or area that you would like to explore.
Cost: £50 per hour, £175 per half day, £300 per day.
Group mindful and therapeutic photography workshops and courses
I can arrange a mindful photography workshop or course for your group, service users, clients, students or staff that are bespoke to suit your needs, interests and location. Walks can be for any client group wanting to improve their photography skills as well as wanting to improve their health and wellbeing.
Examples include people living with mental health challenges, dementia, young people, families, schools or staff as part of a team building exercise. Generally groups are 4-10 participants and can be for 2 hours, half a day, a full day, or a series of sessions over a period of days or weeks.
Cost: Price varies according to time, participant numbers and type of organisation. Concessions, charity and not-for-profit rates available.
Mindful and therapeutic photography workshops and courses for schools
Mindful and therapeutic photography workshops for schools link with the national curriculum through art, science, geography, numeracy, English, and D&T and can contribute towards Art Council England's Artsmark. They are tailor made to suit the needs of the school and the pupils.
In the workshops students will explore their relationship with themselves, each other and the natural and built environment of their school.
I also offer workshops for staff INSET training. This can be a great team building exercise. Please contact me for details.
Cost: Price varies according to time.
Contact me to make a booking
Contact me to talk about how I can develop a Look Again mindful and therapeutic photography workshop or course for you, your clients, your students or your staff.
Devon Partnership NHS Trust: a mindful and therapeutic photography workshop for people with dementia, who looked again at the Belvedere Ward garden at Franklyn Hospital, Exeter
"Ruth's sensory approach to running a photography workshop for people living with dementia was a great success. She created a cohesive, shared group experience which enabled everyone to feel 'grounded', with a heightened sense of awareness of 'being in the moment'. Participants demonstrated the ability to make creative decisions and aesthetic choices, expressing these both verbally and through the camera lens.
Outcomes included improved mood, increased self-esteem, improved engagement in other activities and social interaction, increased awareness amongst staff of the person's 'story', positive response from relatives on seeing that their loved one had been engaged in meaningful creative activity, and sharing good practice with others through an exhibition and publicity, thus challenging negative perceptions of people with dementia." Carrie Clarke, Occupational Therapist
Crisis: A three-day photography workshop working with people experiencing homelessness in Oxford. We looked again at the theme of living and dying as part of the Kicking the Bucket Festival
"Ruth is skilled at recognising the creative potential in every participant in her workshops. She genuinely appreciates each participant's images equally, a rare gift. Participants really responded to her recognition of each individual and grew over the course of the three days in confidence, and self esteem. One participant in particular had struggled to even stay in the room in the beginning, but by the end was making comments about her own work – a remarkable change." Rebecca Burton
"Great project! Great method of teaching! Fully enjoyed it, everything about it! The course has not only helped me learn about photography but also how I think about my life. It will help me move forward with me life!!!" Howling Mad Wolfman, participant
"Inspiration is what's left with me. It's always good learning something new in life. I've developed looking and thinking about things around me." Trang Ha, participant
"Looking again was calming and relaxing, taking a holiday from stress." Martin Blackwell, participant
Stroud District Council: three mini workshops as part of the staff's Mental Health Week programme
"The experience reminded me to look at things twice before making a judgment. It encouraged me to look at things differently and with a open mind." Participant
Gastrells Primary School, Stroud
"Outdoor learning allows the environment to support the children's development, both academic and social, complementing the work which occurs in the classroom." Katie Merriman, Head Teacher
"We like it because it allows you to go outside and be near nature and see things you would not get to see every day normally – and it means you don't feel trapped inside. It's nice to go outside and be in the fresh air." Emily & Georgia, pupils
Gloucestershire Arts for Schools
"I can recommend Ruth as committed, sincere, thorough, hard working, a good people person and fun to be with. She is a talented photographer and has organised workshops to pass on her skills to others. She has completed two workshops working with the Link Children's Centre, run by Barnardos, in Gloucester where she worked with the mothers, expanding their skills with the camera and later in the session bringing in the children to be photographed by their mums. She was a great hit with everyone concerned – mothers and children and with the organisers at the Link Children's Centre. I would highly recommend her both as a photographer and to run workshops to pass on her skills." Fran Webber, Director

subset: commoncrawl


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Featuring Maureen Langan, Susan Jones, Bob Rubin, Justin Lockwood, Fred Reiss, Doug Ferrari and Larry "Bubbles" Brown as host!
Join us every Tuesday for an unforgettable belly-splitting evening of comedy! Each week we showcase 5-7 different comedians at the top of their game. Tuesday Night Live Comedy features fresh talent on the rise, alongside veteran comics from around the world. Our theatre-style stage combined with an intimate comedy club atmosphere provides a truly unique and memorable experience. Laughter is the best medicine and we guarantee you will be laughing and smiling all week! Come see what the fun is all about!
Maureen Langan
Maureen Langan is one of the smartest, most fearlessly funny comics working today. Her exceptional wit and honest rants on life's absurdities make her a comedy standout at clubs, theaters, and festivals across the U.S, Canada, and Europe. She was named one of the "Ten Standout Stand-ups Worth Watching" by Backstage Magazine. Langan has opened for Joy Behar, Steven Wright, Dennis Miller, and Jordan Sparks. She performed at Town Hall on Broadway with Rosie O'Donnell and is a regular at Carolines on Broadway, one of the country's premiere comedy clubs. She has appeared on Gotham Live on AXS TV, HBO, Red Eye, Comics Unleashed, Cozi TV, Taxi TV, the Paramount Pictures film "Marci X," and in many national commercials. Langan is also an award-winning broadcast journalist. She can be heard every Sunday night hosting Hangin' with Langan on KGO. Her wit and shoot-from-the-hip interviewing style earned her the title of Best Female Commentator for her work on Bloomberg Television and Radio. She has dished with the likes of Howard Stern, Joan Rivers, George Carlin, Sandra Bernhard, and John Cleese. Whether on stage, television or radio, Maureen Langan delivers. Give her a mic and see for yourself. www.maureenlangan.com
Bob Rubin
Bob Rubin is a San Francisco stand-up comedy veteran whose material is thoroughly original, incredibly detailed and conjures vivid images. Eccentric and random, Rubin doesn't just take the stage, he attacks it. He's big, he's offbeat and he's not easily forgotten. A talented writer, performer and actor, The Rube (as his fans like to call him) has performed in numerous feature films including Dead in 5 Heartbeats, Boondock Saints 2 – All Saints Day, Rob Schneider's The Animal (Revolution) and The Hot Chick (Disney), and did a voiceover for Disney's cartoon, Brandy and Mr. Whiskers. He has appeared on Late Friday (NBC), Roseanne (ABC) and several cable stand-up shows, and was a key staff writer and actor on the sketch comedy show, Saturday Night Special (FOX). Bob was also a regular guest on the comedy-friendly and wildly popular Alex Bennett show on San Francisco's The KQAK and Live 105 radio stations. In between performing in comedy clubs in Canada, Los Angeles and San Francisco, Bob recently released a comedy CD and is currently working on his forthcoming book. www.rubetime.com
Susan Jones
Susan Jones brings her 20 years of comedy and radio experience to the stage with some seriously funny girl talk. Larger than life, Susan uses her attitude and experiences with size acceptance and being a single mom to deliver consistently funny, crowd-pleasing performances. She recently opened for "The Roast Master General" Jeffrey Ross and Brad Garret (Everybody Loves Raymond) and can frequently be heard on the Bob Rivers show. Susan won Jack FM and Snoqualmie Casino's Funniest Comedian in Washington contest, Club Casino's Jokers Run Funniest Comedian contest, was a finalist in the "Funniest Woman in California" competition. Susan has worked with other great comics including Doug Stanhope, Josh Wolfe, Emo Phillips, Rick Overton, Judy Tenuta, Brad Upton, Susan Rice, Rod Long, and a host of others. www.susanjonescomedy.com
Justin Lockwood
Justin Lockwood is a San Francisco Funny Fest champion and was featured at Comedy Day '16 in Golden Gate Park. His work in the theater as an actor, producer and director includes shows up and down the West Coast. In addition he has written and performed multiple plays and monologues. You can catch him at clubs, bars and shows all over the Bay Area. His six year old son is the funniest person he knows. www.funnyjustin.com
Fred Reiss
Fred Reiss is a stand-up comedian, writer, radio host and inspirational speaker who is also currently battling cancer for the third time. He gives motivational talks for the American Cancer Society and various nonprofits, dubbing the gigs "Fred Talks" – a play on the popular "Ted Talks" lectures. Fred is also a PEN-award-winning novelist and has appeared on national television and radio. Despite his battles with cancer, Fred still performs standup at least 4 nights a week at local comedy clubs.
Doug Ferrari
Doug Ferrari is a California comedy icon, performing over 5,000 stand up shows including national headlining appearances at major clubs. Doug won first place in the San Francisco International Comedy Competition in 1984. He has opened for everyone from Bob Hope to Robin Williams and has performed alongside big names including Rodney Dangerfield, Jerry Seinfeld, Paula Poundstone, and Patton Oswalt. Doug has numerous television and film credits including Showtime, MTV, Fox, Comedy Central, A Fine Romance ABC, and Comedy Express A+E.
Larry "Bubbles" Brown (host)
Larry "Bubbles" Brown is a San Francisco based comedian and a favorite of the Throckmorton. Larry tried stand up comedy in 1981 at the Holy City Zoo in SF and has stayed with it ever since. He has appeared on over 25 TV shows, including numerous appearances on David Letterman. He was also in the move "The Kiterunner." Larry is a frequent opening act for Dana Carvey and Dave Attell. To learn more, visit www.larrybubblesbrown.com.


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Foreclosed Homes
Over one half of Detroit's foreclosed homes are blighted or abandoned. Buyers who purchased the homes for as little as $1 have little incentive to keep them in good shape—or pay taxes.
The Detroit News
A new rule proposed by federal regulators would allow bank investments made for neighborhood stabilization efforts and donations of foreclosed properties to be count towards compliance with the Community Reinvestment Act.


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I Have to Tell Him That I Have Herpes
Personal Stories, Advice, and Support 32 People
Somehow I Got Hpv, But That's All Right!Here i s an excellent site with some wonderful options for you. It will definitely help you. Have a look page ==> HpvSingle dot come
mittj 26-30 1 Response 1 Sep 23, 2012
I am so nervous. I pray he's understanding,comforting, wants to move past this and see what happened and get tested. But I just don't know. :(
mbellz424 26-30, F 2 Responses 4 Oct 31, 2014


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Now Playing
17 MK Download '17' on iTunes
Anywhere that's worth knowing about is all right here. So what are you waiting for?!
Booze or food - Deals Deals Deals! Club nights substitute any home cooked meal, the Sunday Club is the perfect way to replace your Sunday roast without burning down the kitchen in your new flat!
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Bang in the heart of the student district, The Font is perfectly situated for a swift pint before or after lectures. Cheap food, friendly bar staff and always brimming with that laid-back student vibe.
Two words: vodka slushies.
It's like the McDonalds of the Clubbing world. You know what you're going to get and with Revs you now it's going to be AWESOME. God bless Revolution.
Cheesy tunes, sticky floors and slushy cocktails. Once a week you will crave The Raz and once a week you will vow never to go again.
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If you only do one thing while you are Uni, do Bongos Bingo at Camp & Furness. It's impossible to explain but will easily be the highlight of your life, let alone your time at Uni. Who cares if you win or lose; deep deep down, you're still a winner.
Whether you like it or not, your nights out will end at Heebie Jeebies and for all the right reasons. So get to love it, because you will soon know the drinks list better than your course syllabus.


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Sending out a Rye IPA cake your way! I see you're pushing a half century this year. All I can say is "wear those glasses, if you need 'em!" And enjoy yourself today!
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What is the purpose of putting tape over the mud?
Drywall tape, paper or fiberglass mesh, reinforces a joint. Drywall mud alone is very brittle even though very hard. Add reinforcement and now the same drywall mud becomes much less brittle. The same ideas are used in concrete by using reinforcing bars, re-bar.
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Everything is bigger in Texas – even Valentine's Day. In fact, it's huge here. The commercials over the past month have bombarded us with romantic getaways and trips, flowers, personalized candy, lingerie… and, of course, jewelry. Oh, do I hate those jewelry commercials here in Texas around any kind of festivity. They always, always have the same theme: if your wife, girlfriend, mother, sister, daughter means anything to you, you will buy her a necklace, bracelet, ear rings, ring, etc. How else will she know that you love her? Don't get me wrong, I like jewelry just as much as the next girl, but I think there are way more important things than jewelry in a relationship. Anyways, the poor guys here really get it on Valentine's Day. They are expected to buy a gift, flowers, chocolate and a card. They also better take their girlfriend or wife out for an expensive dinner. Marco and I've tried to go out for dinner here on Valentine's Day… the lines are crazy long…. except for maybe at the Indian – which we incidentally really like, so no problem here 🙂
I don't know if it's a cultural thing, but Valentine's Day is just not a big deal to me. Never has been. I think there are other days in a couple's life that are so much more important – like your anniversary for example. No, Marco and I don't ignore Valentine's completely, but a dinner is as far as we go. Could be at home or at a restaurant. Sometimes we've gone to the movies or the drive-in I think.
Growing up in Germany, Valentine's Day was not a big deal. I wonder if that has changed by now… what do you expats living in Germany say? Is it as big as in Texas by now as well? Up until maybe seven years ago, there were a few commercials about it, flowers and chocolate on display, but not really a month ahead of time, and not really that big either. Guys were not expected to buy jewelry or expensive gifts. And there were for sure no heart-shaped arts and crafts all over kindergarten and school when I was growing up. They really start pushing it early here in Texas. Even kids give each other Valentine's Day gifts and cards. I remember sort of chuckling about American high school movies where teenagers were sending candy hearts to each other in between classes…
Last night I went grocery shopping at Walmart and it was insane. Valentine's Day specials were everywhere: greeting cards, flowers, chocolate, balloons, cupcakes, and cookies – preferably in pink or red and heart-shaped. The store was as packed as I've only seen it before Thanksgiving or Christmas. And almost everybody was buying Valentine's Day stuff! Everybody! The young nurse in front of me had her half her cart filled with Valentine's Day candy. And there were two bad-ass looking Hispanic dudes who were using the quick check-out lane holding heart-shaped balloons filled with helium. I really did wanna take a picture for you, but I was kind of scared, so I didn't 🙂
Is Valentine's Day big where you are?
© 2012, Country Skipper. All rights reserved.


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Recent Posts
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Rahul Dravid : The exceptional titan of Indian sports
For a country which is not good or not even average in any popular sports that world play & recognize a colonial game like cricket which has very limited acceptance & limited reach bound to become a national obsession . … Continue reading
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- Real business-class durability
You get the durability that Motorola Solutions is famous for — the MC40 simply works, even if your employees drop it, bump it or use it in a dusty backroom.
- Android fortified for the enterprise
A series of new features transform Android from a consumer operating system (OS) to a true enterprise-class OS.
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Empower your associates to deliver service that will impress today's demanding and technology savvy customers with the MC40. The MC40 offers a cool, sleek design that rivals the most popular consumer-style products on the outside and pure business on the inside — enterprise-class durability, security and a comprehensive set of features including advanced bar code scanning, push-to-talk and an integrated magnetic stripe reader. The result? Associates can look up the answer to practically any product question, present product comparisons to help with a buying decision, place an order for next day delivery or in-store pick-up and ring up a sale — all without ever walking away from the customer.
Physical Characteristics
With Magnetic Stripe Reader (MSR): 5.66 in. H x 2.87 in. W x 1.25 in. D 143.9 mm H x 72.8 mm W x 31.8 mm D Without Magnetic Stripe Reader: 5.66 in. H x 2.87 in. W x 0.79 in. D
143.91 mm H x 72.8 mm W x 20.1 mm D
Weight with Battery
With MSR: 9.38 oz./266.1 g
Without MSR: 9.09 oz./257.7 g
4.3 in. capacitive; 480 x 800; 300 NIT
Capacitive dual-touch
LE D backlight
Standard Battery
Rechargeable Lithium Ion 3.7V, 2680 mAh Smart battery
Backup Battery
NiMH battery (rechargeable) 15 mAh 3.6 V (not user accessible)
USB 2.0 OT G connector
LED, audio and vibration
Keypad On-screen keypad
Speakers, microphone and headset connector (mono, 2.5 mm jack with microphone); stereo
audio through Bluetooth stereo headsets
Performance Characteristics
800MHz OMAP 4 dual-core processor
Operating System
Android 2.3
1 GB RAM/8 GB Flash
User Environment
Operating Temp.
0° C to 50° C / 32° F to 122° F
Storage Temp.
-40° C to 70° C / -40° F to 158° F
5% to 85% RH non-condensing
Drop Specification
Multiple 4 ft./1.2 m drops per MIL-STD 810G; multiple 3 ft./0.9 m drops to tile
Tumble Specification
250 1.6 ft./0.5 meter tumbles (500 drops) at room temperature; per applicable IE C tumble specifications
± 15kVdc air discharge, ± 8kVdc direct discharge, ± 2kVdc indirect discharge
Interactive Sensor Technology (IST)
Motion Sensor
3-axis accelerometer provides motion-sensing for dynamic screen orientation and power
Light Sensor
Automatically adjusts display backlight brightness
Proximity Sensor
Prevents unwanted keypresses in handset mode
Data Capture
Rear-facing 8 MP auto-focus with aiming for bar code scanning and image capture.
Payment Transactions
Integrated Magnetic Stripe Reader (MSR) with encrypted head (optional)
Data Types
1D/2D bar codes, photographs, video, signatures, documents; scans credit, loyalty and gift cards as part of a payment transaction (MSR model only)
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PTT (client included), VoIP models (VoIP client not included); highquality speakerphone; wireless (Bluetooth) headset support; PTT headset support; handset/speakerphone modes
Wireless LAN Voice and Data Comm unications
Tri-mode IEEE ® 802.11a/b/g/n
Security Modes: Legacy, WPA and WPA2 Encryption: WEP (40 and 128 bit), TKIP and AES Authentication: TL S, TTL S (MS-CHAP), TTL S (MSCHAP v2), TTL S (PAP), PE AP (MS-CHAP v2), PE AP (GTC), FAST (MS-CHAP v2), FAST (GTC), LE AP.
Data Rates 802.11b: 1, 2, 5.5, 11 Mbps 802.11a/g: 6, 9, 12, 18, 24, 36, 48, 54 Mbps
802.11n: 6.5, 13, 19.5, 26, 39, 52, 58.5, 65 Mbps
Note that 802.11n data rates may be higher
Operating Channels
Chan 36-165 (5180 – 5825 MHz), Chan 1-13 (2412 - 2472 MHz); actual operating channels/
frequencies depend on regulatory rules and certification agency
Wireless PAN Voice and Data Communications
Bluetooth Class II , v 2.1 with EDR; integrated antenna
Peripherals and Accessories
Accessories include single and 5-slot charging cradles; single and 4-slot battery chargers; holster and a wearable carrying solution (Visit www.motorolasolutions.com/mc40 for a complete list of accessories.)
Visit www.motorolasolutions.com/mc40 for regulatory information
Subject to the terms of Motorola's hardware warranty statement, the MC40 is warranted against defects in workmanship and materials for a period of 1 (one) year from the date of shipment. For complete warranty statement, go to: ttp://www.motorolasolutions.com/warranty
Recommended Services
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BEARING- The horizontal direction to or from any point, usually measured clockwise from true north, magnetic north, or some other reference point through 360 degrees.
(See NONDIRECTIONAL BEACON.)
BELOW MINIMUMS- Weather conditions below the minimums prescribed by regulation for the particular action involved; e.g., landing minimums, takeoff minimums.
BLAST FENCE- A barrier that is used to divert or dissipate jet or propeller blast.
BLIND SPEED- The rate of departure or closing of a target relative to the radar antenna at which cancellation of the primary radar target by moving target indicator (MTI) circuits in the radar equipment causes a reduction or complete loss of signal.
(See ICAO term BLIND VELOCITY.)
BLIND SPOT- An area from which radio transmissions and/or radar echoes cannot be received. The term is also used to describe portions of the airport not visible from the control tower.
(See TRANSMITTING IN THE BLIND.)
BLIND VELOCITY [ICAO]- The radial velocity of a moving target such that the target is not seen on primary radars fitted with certain forms of fixed echo suppression.
(See BLIND SPOT.)
BLOCKED- Phraseology used to indicate that a radio transmission has been distorted or interrupted due to multiple simultaneous radio transmissions.
(See AIRPORT LIGHTING.)
BRAKING ACTION (GOOD, FAIR, POOR, OR NIL)- A report of conditions on the airport movement area providing a pilot with a degree/quality of braking that he might expect. Braking action is reported in terms of good, fair, poor, or nil.
(See RUNWAY CONDITION READING.)
BRAKING ACTION ADVISORIES- When tower controllers have received runway braking action reports which include the terms "poor" or "nil," or whenever weather conditions are conducive to deteriorating or rapidly changing runway braking conditions, the tower will include on the ATIS broadcast the statement, "BRAKING ACTION ADVISORIES ARE IN EFFECT." During the time Braking Action Advisories are in effect, ATC will issue the latest braking action report for the runway in use to each arriving and departing aircraft. Pilots should be prepared for deteriorating braking conditions and should request current runway condition information if not volunteered by controllers. Pilots should also be prepared to provide a descriptive runway condition report to controllers after landing.
BREAKOUT- A technique to direct aircraft out of the approach stream. In the context of close parallel operations, a breakout is used to direct threatened aircraft away from a deviating aircraft.
BROADCAST- Transmission of information for which an acknowledgement is not expected.
(See ICAO term BROADCAST.)
BROADCAST [ICAO]- A transmission of information relating to air navigation that is not addressed to a specific station or stations.
Return to Aviation Terms
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text: Medical Coverage of Gymnastics CompetitionsHecht, Suzanne S.1; Burton, Monique S.2Current Sports Medicine Reports: May-June 2009 - Volume 8 - Issue 3 - p 113-118 doi: 10.1249/JSR.0b013e3181a61993 Section Articles Abstract Author Information Article Outline Medical coverage of gymnastics competitions can be a challenging task for the sports medicine physician and other medical personnel because of the complexity and aerial nature of the sport. A broad understanding of the six gymnastics disciplines, along with the type of competitions, injury epidemiology, and the common acute gymnastics injuries will help sports medicine professionals in planning and delivering optimal care to the injured or ill gymnast. 1Assistant Professor, University of Minnesota, Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, Division of Sports Medicine, Team Physician; University of Minnesota Athletic Department, Minneapolis, MN; 2Clinical Assistant Professor, University of Washington, Seattle Children's, Department of Pediatrics, Hall Health Primary Care Center, Seattle, WA Address for correspondence: Suzanne S. Hecht, M.D., Assistant Professor, University of Minnesota, Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, Division of Sports Medicine, Team Physician; University of Minnesota Athletic Department, 2020 E. 28th St, Minneapolis, MN 55407 (E-mail: email@example.com). Abstract INTRODUCTION GYMNASTICS DISCIPLINES Artistic Gymnastics Rhythmic Gymnastics Trampoline and Tumbling Acrobatic Gymnastics Group Gymnastics INJURY EPIDEMIOLOGY COMPETITIVE GYMNASTICS EVENTS Administrative Oversight of Gymnastics Competitions Types of Competitions Podium meets Meet Personnel PLANNING MEDICAL COVERAGE Precompetition Competition Postcompetition ACUTE INJURIES Head and Neck Concussion Cervical spine Eye Nose Upper Extremity Elbow Grip lock Rips and blisters Fingers and hands Lower Extremity Knee Ankle and foot CONCLUSION References Back to Top | Article Outline INTRODUCTION Historically, gymnastics is one of the oldest competitive sports and dates back to the time of the ancient Greeks. Gymnastics performance requires strength, flexibility, agility, and coordination, coupled with precision and risk-taking. This required combination of athletic abilities makes gymnastics not only an exciting sport to watch, but also a sport with high injury rates (1,15,21). The high incidence of injuries, along with the increased risk of catastrophic head and neck injuries, due to the aerial and acrobatic nature of gymnastics, makes medical coverage of gymnastics events rather challenging for the sports medicine physician unfamiliar with this sport. Optimal medical coverage requires an understanding of the type, level, and size of the gymnastics competition and a familiarity with common gymnastics injuries. This article will discuss the disciplines of gymnastics, injury epidemiology, and common acute gymnastics injuries, with a focus upon the features unique to gymnastics and of special importance when planning for and providing medical services for gymnastics competitions. Back to Top | Article Outline GYMNASTICS DISCIPLINES In the United States, there are more than 5 million participants in one of the six gymnastics disciplines offered by USA Gymnastics (USAG). USAG is the national governing body for U.S. gymnastics and has more than 100,000 members. The majority of participants are female (76%), 80% are 18 yr old and younger, and most compete in artistic gymnastics. Approximately 3500 sanctioned competitions and events take place in the United States every year (22). Back to Top | Article Outline Artistic Gymnastics Artistic gymnastics is the most common discipline of gymnastics and includes both men's and women's artistic gymnastics as separate programs. Women's events include vault, balance beam, uneven parallel bars, and floor exercise. Men's events include floor exercise, pommel horse, still rings, vault, parallel bars, and horizontal bar (22). Back to Top | Article Outline Rhythmic Gymnastics Rhythmic gymnastics, in the United States, is a women's-only discipline consisting of individual and group competitions. Events include rope, hoop, ball, clubs, and ribbon, and gymnasts compete in four of the five events on a rotating basis. Rhythmic gymnastics competitions take place on the floor exercise mat used in artistic gymnastics (22). Back to Top | Article Outline Trampoline and Tumbling Trampoline and tumbling joined USAG in 1999, and trampoline was added as an Olympic sport in 2000. Athletes perform two competitive routines consisting of 10 consecutive skills each. Synchronized trampoline involves two trampolines and two athletes performing simultaneous identical 10-skill routines. Double mini trampoline, the newest of the trampoline sports, involves a short run, followed by a jump onto a small two-level trampoline. After landing on the first trampoline level, the gymnast performs an acrobatic trick, which is immediately followed by another acrobatic skill that finishes as a dismount onto a landing mat. Power tumbling is performed on an elevated spring floor strip runway and consists of a series of consecutive acrobatic maneuvers performed as a tumbling pass (22). Back to Top | Article Outline Acrobatic Gymnastics Acrobatic gymnastics merged with USAG in 2002. There are five events in acrobatics, consisting of men's pairs, women's pairs, mixed pairs, women's group (three members) and men's group (four members). Pairs or groups perform routines, which include gymnastic tumbling skills, partner balances, and dynamic skills with flight. Acrobatic gymnasts perform three routines (balance, tempo, and combined) to music on the floor exercise mat (22). Back to Top | Article Outline Group Gymnastics Group gymnastics is an activity available for all ages and ability level. Groups range from 10 to several thousands of people that perform exhibition routines using elements from artistic gymnastics, rhythmic gymnastics, aerobics, dance, jazz-dance, folk dance, mini-trampoline, and other elements (22). Back to Top | Article Outline INJURY EPIDEMIOLOGY An awareness of the type of injuries that occur in a gymnastics competition and knowledge of the apparatus and skills in which they occur will help prepare for covering a gymnastics competition. Studies in artistic gymnastics have demonstrated that the majority of absolute numbers of injuries occur during practice sessions (79%-96.6%) compared with competition (3.4%-21%) (2). However, when injuries are evaluated in reference to exposure hours, the rates are greater in competition (7.4 per 1000 hours vs 2.4 per 1000 hours) (2,15). During practice, gymnasts have the advantage of softer landing surfaces, such as loose foam pits and thicker mats, as well as spotting by coaches. Although spotting in competition is allowed (at the consequence of a heavy deduction), and the thin "sting" mat may be used for landings, the stress of competition along with the use of the required competitive equipment and matting specifications may contribute to the greater number of injuries. Lower extremity injuries are the most frequent, followed by upper extremity injuries, then the spine/trunk. The majority of lower extremity injuries are ankle sprains and knee internal derangements (4,15,21). Upper extremity injuries occur most often in the wrist, elbow, and hand/fingers. Studies in male gymnasts are limited; however, it should be noted that the shoulder accounts for the most common injury location, followed by the wrist, then ankle (13). This difference likely is the result of the different types of apparatus used in men's as compared with women's gymnastics. Little is known about injury rates in rhythmic gymnastics. One prospective 8-month study of injuries in adolescent club-level rhythmic gymnastics found the ankle/foot was the most frequently injured body part, followed by the back (4). The vast majority of acute injuries occur on vault and floor exercise, and usually are sustained during dismounts and landings of floor exercise tumbling (15). Again, few studies have looked at men's gymnastics, but one study that evaluated injuries during practice (13) reported that floor exercise was the most common event to incur an injury, followed by still rings, horizontal bar, parallel bars, pommel horse, and then vault. Based upon the available gymnastics injury data, it is recommended that the sports medicine staff members should station themselves in close proximity to each apparatus and pay extra attention to the floor exercise and vault events, along with tumbling and dismounting activities. Back to Top | Article Outline COMPETITIVE GYMNASTICS EVENTS Administrative Oversight of Gymnastics Competitions USAG sanctions the vast majority of U.S. gymnastics competitions in all six disciplines. International competitions hosted in the United States fall under the jurisdiction of the Federation of International Gymnastics (FIG). Other sports administrative bodies, such as the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA), YMCA, Amateur Athletic Union (AAU), National Federation of State High School Associations (NFHS), and United States Association of Independent Gymnastics Clubs (USAIGC), also conduct gymnastics competitions and may have somewhat different competitive rules and competition procedures than USAG. The Rules and Policies Manuals that govern the various disciplines of all sanctioned USAG competitions can be found at www.usa-gymnastics.org. These manuals also describe the extent of medical coverage required to be provided at various competitions (22). Back to Top | Article Outline Types of Competitions Prior to providing coverage at a gymnastics competition, it is important to determine the details of that specific gymnastics competition. Important things to consider are the gymnastics disciplines competing, dates, location, type of venue, level of competition, administrative body responsible for meet organization, anticipated number of competitors, training days, and training venue locations. There are large gymnastics events hosted in this country that have men's and women's artistic, rhythmic, and tumbling and trampoline competitions going on simultaneously over one weekend! It also is important to determine whether it will be an international competition, because caring for athletes from other countries can have special challenges. Back to Top | Article Outline Podium meets The USA Gymnastics National Championships and a handful of international meets, such as the Olympics, Olympic Trails, World Championships, and American Cup, are conducted on a podium. The podium is a raised competition surface for placement of all competitive equipment rather than the equipment being set up directly on the arena floor. Podium meets can provide special logistical issues for the sports medicine personnel to consider, such as the increased distance and time it may take the medical staff to reach an injured athlete. Back to Top | Article Outline Meet Personnel It is important for the medical personnel at any gymnastics competition to be aware of two key gymnastics personnel who are present at gymnastics meets: the meet director and the meet referee. The meet director and the meet referee usually will be involved in, from an administrative point of view, any injuries that occur on the competitive floor. The meet director is responsible for the meet organization, equipment safety, and the correct application of the competition policies and procedures as described in the USAG Rules and Policies Manual. The meet director is required to pass a meet director's examination, which covers the information contained in the Rules and Policies Manual. The medical director generally will have direct contact with the meet director regarding the organization and implementation of medical services. The second key person is the meet referee. The meet referee is a gymnastics official whose job it is to oversee the other officials, in addition to serving as a liaison between the coaches and the judges. The meet referee also serves as the final authority on all technical matters regarding rule interpretations and infractions. The medical director and/or medical staff should identify this official and introduce themselves prior to the start of competition (22). Back to Top | Article Outline PLANNING MEDICAL COVERAGE Planning the medical coverage of a gymnastics competition can be a daunting task, particularly for multiday, multidiscipline, and multicompetition venues. The planning is more manageable when broken down into three phases: precompetition, competition, and postcompetition. Back to Top | Article Outline Precompetition Precompetition planning will be the most labor- and time-intensive portion, but if done well will lay the groundwork for coordinated and comprehensive medical coverage. As previously discussed under the types of gymnastics competitions, understanding the structure and make-up of the gymnastics event for which you are planning medical coverage is critical. The best way to grasp a complete understanding of your specific event is to arrange a meeting with the meet director and ask questions until you have a thorough grasp of the meet specifics and your responsibilities. See Table 1 for a gymnastics competition medical coverage planning checklist. TABLE 1 Back to Top | Article Outline Competition The main responsibility of the medical staff, once the competition/training sessions begin, is to be available readily to assess and treat injured or ill gymnasts or possibly coaches and officials. Remember to check in with the meet director to review any changes or clarifications of procedures that could affect medical services and take the time to meet the meet referee. Also review logistics, communication, and injury procedures with other medical staff as they arrive. One important point of emphasis for injury assessment during gymnastics competitions is that if the gymnast is injured during a routine, there is a limited amount of time for the gymnast to remount the equipment and continue the routine before the routine is terminated. For example, a gymnast who falls off the balance beam has 30 s (timed by a separate beam fall timer) to remount and begin her routine from the point of interruption. If she is unable to do so, then her routine is over. These rules are in place to protect the athlete from attempting to continue a routine in the face of a serious injury. Usually, by the time the medical staff reaches the injured gymnast, the time to remount has expired and the routine is terminated, thus taking this decision out of the hands of the medical staff. Of course, decisions regarding safely returning to compete on other events in the same competition may need to be made and would fall in the realm of the medical staff. Back to Top | Article Outline Postcompetition At the end of the competition, complete and review any necessary documentation, including any required injury forms for insurance purposes. USAG requires an incident/injury form (separate from the official medical record) to be completed by the medical staff if any injury occurs at a USAG-sanctioned event. The meet director will provide the medical personnel with an incident/injury report form containing the sanction number of the competition and the meet director's signature. The responsible medical personnel complete the appropriate sections of the form, and this form is then given to the coach or the parents of the injured gymnast. It is then the responsibility of the parents or legal guardian of the gymnast to submit the paperwork to the insurance company (22). Check in with the meet director one final time before departure for any unresolved issues that might need medical attention. Thank and also solicit input from other medical staff for ideas for future improvement. Finally, clean up the training room and any equipment used, and properly dispose of medical waste. Back to Top | Article Outline ACUTE INJURIES Gymnastics is an explosive and risky sport and, as previously mentioned, has a high incidence of injuries. Because it is not practical to cover all of the potential acute injuries that a physician might encounter while covering a gymnastics competition, the following discussion will be limited to the more commonly seen acute gymnastics injuries, along with acute injuries that are specific to gymnastics and may need to be managed somewhat differently than is standard at other sporting events. Back to Top | Article Outline Head and Neck Concussion A gymnast may sustain a concussion by hitting his or her head on the mat/floor or apparatus during a skill, fall, or dismount. A rhythmic gymnast may additionally suffer a concussion from being hit in the head by a piece of the apparatus (e.g., clubs). An acrobatic gymnast may suffer a head collision from contact with another member of the group. Concussions in gymnasts are treated the same as in other types of athletes, although special consideration should be given for more conservative return to play recommendations, due to the potential for catastrophic injury, if the athlete has any symptoms such as headache, dizziness, abnormal balance, change in reaction time, or visual disturbances that could affect performance (7). Back to Top | Article Outline Cervical spine Due to the acrobatic nature of gymnastics, gymnasts are at risk of cervical spine injuries (3,10,18,20). Mechanisms of injury include landing on the head, landing on the upper back with the neck hyperflexed, and landing on the chest with the neck hyperextended (7). During a practice session at a venue with a loose foam pit, the gymnast could mistakenly land head first in the pit and suffer a cervical spine injury. As is the standard of care with any athlete with a suspected cervical spine injury, the gymnast should have his or her neck stabilized manually while airway, breathing, circulation, and disability are assessed. Gymnasts are often rather small and may require a pediatric cervical collar and a pediatric-sized back board. While loose foam pits and resi-pits are not competitive equipment for gymnastics, they are training tools that may be found at practice venues or at competitive events hosted at a gymnastics club. A loose foam pit is an in-ground or above-ground, 6- to 8-ft deep hole, of varying length and width, filled with loose foam blocks and provides a soft and "relatively safe" environment for training new skills. A resi-pit is a 32-in deep, soft, single mat placed in a large hole in the ground that provides a soft landing surface. A competitive trampoline stands almost 4 ft above the floor and is exceedingly springy, thus making it a difficult and unique surface upon which to care for an injured athlete. The trampoline, resi-pit, and loose foam pit are all unstable surfaces, and the mere presence of a person walking onto those surfaces can disturb the injured athlete in a manner that could worsen the initial injury. Stabilizing a cervical spine injury and back boarding a gymnast injured on the trampoline or in a resi- or loose foam pit requires pre-injury training and practice based on a protocol for safe removal (7). A suggested protocol for accessing and removing an injured gymnast from a loose foam pit can be found in Table 2. Similar principles and precautions should be used for accessing and removing an injured athlete from a resi-pit or trampoline. TABLE 2 Back to Top | Article Outline Eye Sports-induced eye trauma is generally associated with sports such as baseball, hockey, tennis, and racquetball, but the eye is also at risk from a variety of factors specific to gymnastics. Gymnasts use chalk, which is generally made from magnesium carbonate, to improve their grip on the equipment. Gymnastics chalk is particulate and can cause eye irritation. Rhythmic gymnasts may suffer an injury to the eye from being hit with a piece of their equipment, such as the stick of the ribbon or the ribbon itself. Acrobatic gymnasts may have an eye scratched or poked by another member of their group. At times, gymnasts may perform an acrobatic skill poorly and hit their eye with their own knee, resulting in eye trauma. Female gymnasts often accessorize their leotards and their hair and faces with glitter and sequins, which can increase their risk of suffering a foreign body in the eye and a possible complicating corneal abrasion. Due to these factors, it is suggested that an eye kit containing fluorescein strips and a cobalt blue light source be part of the sports medicine supplies at gymnastics competitions. Back to Top | Article Outline Nose Gymnasts will, at times, hit their nose on the apparatus or matting, be hit by their apparatus or partner, or hit their nose directly with their own knee. This can result in nosebleeds, nasal contusions, nasal fractures, and lacerations. Remember to assess these athletes for other comorbid injuries, such as concussion. It is important to stock supplies for managing a nosebleed (i.e., nasal tampons) as well as for cleaning up the spilled blood from the athlete, equipment, and matting. Back to Top | Article Outline Upper Extremity Elbow Gymnasts can dislocate, fracture, and/or sprain their elbows during a fall. Attempting to reduce an elbow dislocation in the competitive arena depends upon the comfort level and judgment of the sports medicine personnel. It generally is recommended that an attempt at reduction be undertaken if there is evidence of neurovascular compromise and the medical staff has appropriate experience in this procedure. It is important to have splints in a variety of sizes, including pediatric sizes, to stabilize the injury for transportation. Back to Top | Article Outline Grip lock "Grip lock" is an injury specific to gymnastics and occurs when leather grips overlap while the gymnast is performing circling elements on the uneven bars or horizontal bar. This overlapping results in the grip catching or locking in place while the gymnast continues to circle around the bar. Since the grip is stuck in place, the forearm ends up wrapping around the bar and ultimately fracturing. Removing a gymnast from the bar in this situation is difficult and requires one to two people to support the hanging and distressed athlete, while one to two people loosen the grip, gently stabilize the arm(s) involved, and get the athlete off the equipment. This injury can be prevented by replacing stretched out grips and refraining from borrowing other gymnasts" grips (7,19). Back to Top | Article Outline Rips and blisters Many gymnastics events require gripping of the apparatus. Gripping causes friction to be generated between the hand and equipment or between the hand and the leather grip and can lead to blister formation. When blisters tear, this is known in the gymnastics community as a "rip." Leather grips are used by gymnasts to increase their ability to grip the equipment, as well as to decrease blisters and rips. Blisters and rips also occur on the wrists and forearms of gymnasts from their grips. Gymnasts and their coaches are well versed in the care of blisters and rips, since this is a common gymnastics injury, and may not pursue medical advice unless it appears infected, won't stop bleeding, or is unusually large and painful. The sports medicine professional should treat these blisters the same as they would in other athletes, with the caveat being that gymnasts may not be able to maintain their grip on the apparatus, thus placing themselves at increased risk of suffering other injuries. Try to assess their risk from a painful compromised grip, along with input from the athlete and the coach, to determine whether that individual athlete should compete on apparatus requiring significant gripping such as uneven bars, horizontal bar, parallel bars, rings, and pommel horse. Additional considerations for the sports medicine staff are to remember to clean off blood left on the equipment from the tear, minimize the risk of subsequent infection by cleansing and covering the open wound, and require the athlete to cover the rip to avoid leaving blood or serous drainage on the apparatus to prevent transmission of infectious agents to other athletes. DuoDerm or OpSite can be used to cover rips and remain secure while competing on apparatus that requires confident gripping ability (17). Back to Top | Article Outline Fingers and hands Coaches and athletes frequently need to adjust equipment settings to fit the size of the athlete. The equipment adjustments need to be made quickly and efficiently during the limited amount of time given for timed warm-ups and competition, thus placing fingers and hands at risk of getting caught in between the moveable parts and cables. Skin abrasions, lacerations, fractures, dislocations, and even amputations are known to occur under these circumstances. Back to Top | Article Outline Lower Extremity Knee Knee injuries are common acute injuries in gymnastics (2,5,11). Gymnasts are at risk of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears (8,16). ACL tears can occur from landing with the knees hyperextended or from a valgus or varus load while attempting to land a twisting skill without fully completing the twist. A 10-yr study of 7769 sports-related knee injuries revealed that lateral collateral ligament sprains and lateral meniscal tears were associated with gymnastics activities (14). Other potential acute knee injuries include growth plate fractures, patellar dislocations/subluxations, and bone contusions. Back to Top | Article Outline Ankle and foot Ankle and foot injuries are common in gymnastics, with ankle sprains frequently reported as the most common acute gymnastics injury (2,4,6,11,12). The ankle is vulnerable to injury from landings with the joint in an inverted or everted position. Other ankle/foot injury mechanisms include stepping off landing mats or landing with the foot in mat seams. It is important to remember that younger gymnasts are vulnerable to growth plate fractures (7). Anterior ankle pain, either from bony and/or soft tissue injury, can occur acutely or from repetitive "short" landings from performing under-rotated skills. Under-rotation causes the ankle/foot to absorb significant forces in a hyperdorsiflexed position. Achilles tendon injuries may occur on the take-off phase of tumbling skills or upon landing (9). Calcaneal contusions and fractures can occur from a single poor landing such as landing off the landing mats on a non-padded floor and from hitting the heels on the apparatus (7). Back to Top | Article Outline CONCLUSION Gymnastics is a dynamic and high-risk sport, involving a variety of disciplines and unique features that are important to understand before providing medical services for a gymnastics competition. Precompetition planning is critical to success.Back to Top | Article Outline References1. Belechri M, Petridou E, Kedikoglou S, et al. Sports injuries among children in six European union countries. Eur. J. Epidemiol. 2001;17(11):1005-12. Cited Here... 2. Caine DJ, Nassar L. Gymnastics injuries. Med. Sport Sci. 2005;48:18-58. Cited Here... 3. Cooper MT, McGee KM, Anderson DG. Epidemiology of athletic head and neck injuries. Clin. Sports Med. 2003;22(3):427-43, vii. Cited Here... 4. Cupisti A, D'Alessandro C, Evangelisti I, et al. Injury survey in competitive sub-elite rhythmic gymnasts: results from a prospective controlled study. J. Sports Med. Phys. Fitness. 2007;47(2):203-7. Cited Here... 5. de Loes M, Dahlstedt LJ, Thomee R. A 7-year study on risks and costs of knee injuries in male and female youth participants in 12 sports. Scand. J. Med. Sci. Sports. 2000;10(2):90-7. Cited Here... 6. Harringe ML, Renstrom P, Werner S. Injury incidence, mechanism and diagnosis in top-level teamgym: a prospective study conducted over one season. Scand. J. Med. Sci. Sports. 2007;17(2):115-9. Cited Here... 7. Hecht S. Gymnastics. In: Melion MB, Walsh WM, Madden C, Putukian M, Shelton GL, editors. Team Physician"s Handbook 3rd ed. Philadelphia: Hanley & Belfus Inc; 2002. p. 668-67. Cited Here... 8. Hutchinson MR, Ireland ML. Knee injuries in female athletes. Sports Med. 1995;19(4):288-302. Cited Here... | View Full Text | PubMed | CrossRef 9. Kannus P, Natri A. Etiology and pathophysiology of tendon ruptures in sports. Scand. J. Med. Sci. Sports. 1997;7(2):107-12. Cited Here... 10. Katoh S, Shingu H, Ikata T, et al. Sports-related spinal cord injury in Japan (from the nationwide spinal cord injury registry between 1990 and 1992). Spinal Cord. 1996;34(7):416-21. Cited Here... | PubMed | CrossRef 11. Kirialanis P, Malliou P, Beneka A, et al. Occurrence of acute lower limb injuries in artistic gymnasts in relation to event and exercise phase. Br. J. Sports Med. 2003;37(2):137-9. Cited Here... 12. Kolt GS, Kirkby JR. Epidemiology of injury in elite and subelite female gymnasts: a comparison of retrospective and prospective findings. Br. J. Sports Med. 1999;33(5):312-8. Cited Here... 13. Lueken J, Stone W, Wallach BA. Olympic training center report men's gymnastics injuries. Gymnastics Safety Update. 1993;(8):4-5. Cited Here... 14. Majewski MH, Susanne H, Klaus S. Epidemiology of athletic knee injuries: A 10-year study. Knee. 2006;13(3):184-8. Cited Here... | PubMed | CrossRef 15. Marshall SW, Covassin T, Dick R, et al. Descriptive epidemiology of collegiate women's gymnastics injuries: National Collegiate Athletic Association Injury Surveillance System, 1988-1989 through 2003-2004. J. Athl. Train. 2007;42(2):234-40. Cited Here... 16. Mountcastle SB, Posner M, Kragh JF Jr, et al. Gender differences in anterior cruciate ligament injury vary with activity: epidemiology of anterior cruciate ligament injuries in a young, athletic population. Am. J. Sports Med. 2007;35(10):1635-42. Cited Here... 17. Nassar L. The treatment of "RIPS" on the hands. USA Gymnastics Magazine. www.usa-gymnastics.org/publications/usa-gymnastics/1998/3/body-balance.html. Cited Here... 18. Noguchi T. A survey of spinal cord injuries resulting from sport. Paraplegia. 1994;32(3):170-3. Cited Here... | PubMed | CrossRef 19. Samuelson MB, Reider B, Weiss D. Grip lock injuries to the forearm in male gymnasts. Am. J. Sports Med. 1996;24(1):15-8. Cited Here... 20. Silver JR. Spinal injuries in sports in the UK. Br. J. Sports Med. 1993;27(2):115-20. Cited Here... 21. Singh S, Smith GA, Fields SK, et al. Gymnastics-related injuries to children treated in emergency departments in the United States, 1990-2005. Pediatrics. 2008;121(4):e954-60. Cited Here... | PubMed | CrossRef 22. USA Gymnastics Online. www.usa-gymnastics.org. Cited Here... © 2009 American College of Sports Medicine


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Results 1 to 4 of 4
Thread: excel into txt
11-23-04, 04:07 #1Registered User
- Join Date
- Nov 2004
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- 35
Unanswered: excel into txt
ps: i know i am a bit out of topic.
i had taken a record out from my db and put it into excel format. now i have sent the file into a unix environment.
my problem is i have problem reading the excel file as unix don't read .xls.
so is there any way or tools to convert it into txt form in unix?
if no how about in windows converting from excel into txt?
11-23-04, 07:24 #2Registered User
- Join Date
- Nov 2002
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- 833
use Excel and store it either as csv or whatever sounds appropriate
or use open office to convert it
11-23-04, 20:38 #3Registered User
- Join Date
- Nov 2004
- Posts
- 35
it there any tools that do it without much manual work? cos my job are mainly for batch processing. thanks
11-23-04, 21:43 #4Registered User
- Join Date
- Apr 2004
- Location
- Boston, MA
- Posts
- 325
Try catdoc's brother, xls2csv :
doing it natively on UNIX might be hard.
I believe perl provide Excell related module:
Also I'd suggest browsing USENET [and/or google]:


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Picture: * SPECTOR CONVICTED Music producer PHIL SPECTOR has been found guilty of second-degree murder after a six month retrial in Los Angeles. Jurors, who...
A former NYPD officer has told the jury in the murder of retrial of Phil Spector that the producer made threatening and violent remarks towards women.
Vincent Tannazzo, a retired detective who occasionally works as a security guard for comedienne Joan Rivers, said Spector was removed from two of rivers' Christmas parties for brandishing a gun and declaring that all women should be shot.
Spector, 66, is on trial for the second time for the murder of actress Lana Clarkson, who was found dead from gunshot wounds in Spector's Los Angeles mansion in 2003.
His trial last year was deadlocked after a judge declared a mistrial when jurors were unable to reach a unanimous verdict, finding 10-2 in favour of finding the music legend guilty.
Tannazzo, the first witness in the retrial, testified that Spector turned toward a woman leaving a party and said, "I ought to put a bullet in her head right now."
He added that Spector was "ranting" and used an obscenity to describe women.
"He kept saying [the obscenity] over and over again," Tannazzo testified. "He was out of control. He was just yelling over and over again."
When deputy district attorney Truc Do asked Tannazzo of his concern at Spector's alleged remarks, he replied: "Just getting him the hell out of there."
He went on: "It wasn't just the average person saying it. It was Phil Spector saying it. I knew who he was. I was familiar with his work. I couldn't believe it, but those were the words coming out of his mouth."
Defence attorney Doron Weinberg criticised Tannazzo's testimony, saying he had changed the dates he had given for the above incidents when he testified in Spector's first trial last year.
Tannazzo explained he had worked for Rivers for seven or eight years and could not remember the exact date of the alleged incidents.
04/11/2008 09:38:01
Through the 1960s, a collection of Los Angeles musicians worked together in order to support...


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Gustafson Brothers Service Center
ReScore Reviews™ (2)
99% Would Recommend
Latest Review 4 days ago
Review for Gustafson Brothers Service Center
Alex T. on 05/17/2016
Alex said Fernando explained everything to him so he could understand the repair work. He also said the business could serve him better if they had a membership for people who consistently use the service, like the use of coupons.
Category: Service
Review Created: 05/17/2016
This review was collected via phone interview by Customer Research Inc.


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Scientist/Engineer - Remote Sensing Data Assimilation (SD 01)
Scientist/Engineer - Remote Sensing and GIS applications in Agriculture & Soils (SD 02)
Scientist / Engineer - Computer Science (SD 03)
Indian Institute of Remote Sensing recruits Scientist/Engineer Posts. Candidates with M.Sc. / ME/ M. Tech./MS, Ph.D, Post Graduate Experience can apply.
About Indian Institute of Remote Sensing:
Indian Institute of Remote Sensing (IIRS) under Indian Space Research Organisation, Department of Space, Govt. of India is a premier Training and Educational Institute set up for developing trained professionals in the field of Remote Sensing, Geoinformatics and GPS Technology for Natural Resources, Environmental and Disaster Management. It functions as a constituent Unit of Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO), Department of Space, Government of India. Formerly known as Indian Photo-interpretation Institute (IPI), founded in 1966, the Institute boasts to be the first of its kind in entire South-East Asia. While nurturing its primary endeavour to build capacity among the user community by training mid-career professionals, the Institute has enhanced its capability and evolved many training & education programmes that are tuned to meet the requirements of various target groups, ranging from fresh graduates to policy makers including academia.
Website Address:www.iirs.gov.in
Postal Address: Govt. of India 4, Kalidas Road, Dehradun – 248 001
Tel:+ 91 – (0)135 – 2524399
Fax:+ 91 – (0)135 – 2741987


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I'm trying really hard not to be a whiner, but the cold is finally getting to me. It happens every year about this time, where in my estimation, winter should end now and spring should be here. I figured it had more to do with the fact that I'm not from hearty Canadian stock (I have Northwestern Washington rainwater in my vains, not snow), but even Kim (who is indeed a real live Canadian) is lamenting the cold and doing some California dreamin'.
So I got to thinking...
If I could stuff the furnace full of wood and get the temp in the house to 90, I could put on my favorite summer skirt with palm trees on it, go barefoot and make a key lime pie and pretend it was July. Of course it sounds silly but we're at the Silly Point of Canadian winter when even Canadians are just about fed up with the cold. Realistically, we still have about 6-8 more weeks of yucky weather, before we can check the forecast and NOT see any "minus" signs before those numbers.
Even the travel agencies are now airing those evil commercials that show shivering Canadians booking their mid-winter vacations to those lovely places with gorgeous beaches and blue skies. Evil I tell you!
Okay, I'm done whining. For now.


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Hazard potential of US dams
The US Army Corps of Engineers maintains a National Inventory of Dams, a database with hazard potential assessments for close to 90,000 dams throughout the US. The assessment High hazard indicates "the loss of one human life is likely if the dam fails"; Significant hazard indicates "possible loss of human life and likely significant property or environmental destruction".
Hazard potential for all US dams per state
Ten states most at risk - based on percentage of hazardous dams:
Ten states most at risk - based on absolute amount of hazardous dams:
Number of dams per state - divided in groups per hazard potential
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Silk is a place to explore the world through data. Silk displays data as beautiful interactive charts, maps and web pages. Create your own free Silk now.


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It's safe to say that Univision's Jorge Ramos is very good at asking tough questions.
On March 9, Ramos made headlines at the Univision Democratic presidential debate when he asked Hillary Clinton what might have been the toughest questions any reporter has ever gotten away with asking the former Secretary of State.
Ramos asked, "On the night of the attacks in Benghazi, you are sent an e-mail to your daughter Chelsea saying that an al-Qaeda-like group was responsible for the killing of the Americans. However some of the families claim you lied to them." Ramos then played a clip of one of the fallen American's mother's testimony in which she claimed Clinton lied about who was behind the attacks. Ramos then asked, "Secretary Clinton, did you lie to them?"
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He also asked tough questions about Clinton's email server, the ongoing investigation and whether or not she would resign if indicted by the FBI. Ramos asked, "So who specifically gave you permission to operate your email system as you did? Was it President Barack Obama? And would you drop out of the race if you get indicted?" Clinton evaded a few of the questions but Ramos wouldn't let her off the hook again asking, "If you get indicted would you going to drop out?" Clinton refused to answer by saying, "Oh, for goodness — that's not going to happen. I'm not even answering that question."
But the tables were turned on Ramos when he was a guest on Bill O'Reilly's The Factor. O'Reilly took exception to Ramos' suggestion that Donald Trump is a racist.
TRENDING: The End Is Nigh? 15,000 Scientists Warn of Impending Apocalypse
"If you, the top guy, has demonized him (Trump) as a racist, how can you possibly cover him?" O'Reilly said.
Ramos responded by saying, "I think as a journalist you have to take a stand when it comes to racists."
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O'Reilly reiterated, "How can you?"
Ramos responded, "Corruption, public life, leadership and human rights…"
O'Reilly asked Ramos, "I favor a wall. Wait, wait, am I a racist for favoring a wall?"
Ramos appeared to not know how to respond and stopped short of accusing O'Reilly of being a racist when questioned. But when O'Reilly insisted the purpose of the wall was to keep "tons of narcotics" from entering the country, Ramos said it would simply force traffickers to build tunnels under the wall.
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I Like To Have My Wife After
Personal Stories, Advice, and Support 3 People
My Wife And Her LoversI meet my Wife in high school and there was just something about us that clicked. we began to have sex on our first date i never will forget it it was very hot and she has told me since it was on night she has never forgotten. and how as i said i love to come home and have my...
funlover1255 41-45, M 3 Responses 1 Jan 25, 2010


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If there is one thing that people fear the most in life, it has to be debts. Now, there are two sides to debts that you ought to know of. A debt can come in handy when you actually need it for a right cause. It could bail you out of a dire situation, you can use a loan to start up a business and it actually succeeds eventually and you get to pay off your debt.
On the other hand, a debt can become stressful when you are unable to pay it off within the agreed time frame. Talk about the pressure that will come along with the constant reminders that you need to pay off your loan. It even gets worse when your debt starts to accrue interest and you are not able to pay it off. This is one thing that makes most people want to stay away from debts.
It is advisable though that if you can, stay out of debt. The reason behind this is that as an entrepreneur you will never have constant pay. Never will you find that your business gives you the same amount of money daily or even monthly. There are good days and bad days as well. This is why as an entrepreneur, you need to stay out of debt.
There are some tips that you can have in place to ensure that you stay out of debt as an entrepreneur. Some of them are such as:
- Have a budget
This is one main tip that is applicable to not only entrepreneurs but just about anyone who is earning some money. It is important that you have a budget and stick to it, more so, if you are an entrepreneur. This is for the same reason as the one mentioned earlier, that you can never have a constant pay monthly.
Visit www.entrepreneur.com/article/204868 to learn more on how to stay out of debt.
Without a budget for your business, you may find that you are spending more than what your business is bringing in which could possibly lead to losses. While creating a budget for your business, there are various things that you need to know. Below are a few steps that will guide you in making a budget for your business:
- Tally how much money the business brings in monthly.
- Know the fixed costs that exist and how much they add up to. This could be the bills that one needs to pay to keep the company running.
- Know the expenses that vary and how much they add up to as well.
- Set aside money for 'miscellaneous'. This is basically money that you do not spend each month, but you may need to use in case of emergency. For example, when you need to buy another machine.
- Sum it all up then come up with a workable budget.
- Stay away from credit cards
If you want to know the easiest way to get yourself into debt, it is through credit cards. As an entrepreneur, you need to stay away from credit cards. Spend money that you have on things that you need only when you have to. In as much as it may be tempting to swipe that plastic card and get what you please, try and stay away from it.
You may be tempted also to have the notion that you will simply apply for a debt consolidation plan and get everything in place into time. This is the worst mistake that you can ever make. These are some of the debt consolidation traps to avoid.
On the other hand, though, in case you find that your company is not doing well and is heavily in debt, then you can consider taking a debt consolidation plan. Notice that this is a debt consolidation plan for a good cause, for the benefit of the business and not self-gain.
- Master the art of prioritizing
This is more so when it comes to bills payment. Have a list of the bills that you need to settle and know which is more important than the other. Pay off the ones that the business cannot run without first and so on. You credit card debt should definitely be at the bottom of the list. In whatever you do, try as much as you can to stay out of debt.
- Have something on the side that is income generating
Besides the business that you are running, you need to ensure that you have another source of income so as to ensure that you can still pay your bills even without the business or just in case things don't work out.
It is in the mind of every entrepreneur to do all it takes to ensure they succeed. So it should be in yours.
- Do enough research
No one dives into an ocean without knowing what awaits them. This is why you need to ensure that you do your research before taking any loan, to begin with. Know what interest that it may be accumulating and after how long. Find out whether the loan that you are taking is suitable for your business plan or not.
Find out also whether or not the loan will affect how money flows in your business. After putting all these into consideration, then you can now make the decision.


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Mick Southouse
Hi! I'm Mick Southouse! Presenter at the Voice! I'm 43 years young and live in Goodleigh. I kicked off my radio career at the tender age of just 23 spending my broadcasting days working on BFBS Falkland Isle's, whilst on station with the Royal Navy. Thankfully the penguins and local islanders liked me and so it began. I used to assist with the breakfast show and some production work before I set sail again on my warship.
I continued my presenting days at the North Devon District Hospital radio service "Tarka Radio" to which I still present a weekly show.
In 2013 I was the Sunday breakfast show presenter at the Voice. Then I moved to Monday nights with the Monday Madness.
Local radio has played a massive part in my life and I'm glad to be giving something back to the local community. I'm proud to be a member of the "The Voice FM" team and help give North Devon a truly local voice once more!!
This Week's Schedule
Mick Southouse is not scheduled to be on air this week.


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MOVIE SYNOPSIS [ General Audiences ] Being a creation directed by Melody Brooke, this feature film in English (subtitles) was presented in 2015. This film, a creation of Melody Brooke and Mike Henricks, is an original production of USA. You can watch Promises online on TV cable or theaters with original audio in English at different dates. This film premiered in theaters in 2015.
Rating: 5 by 10 users./
Runtime: 100 minutes
Grace Johnston, Manu Intiraymi, Benjamin Dane, Chris Hlozek, Kim Jackson Wheeler, J. Alan Nelson, Michele B. McGraw, Gracie Wakefield, Edgar Arreola, Chance Caeden, Georgia Rose Bell, Joey G Morris, Melody Brooke, Claire Cooley and Judd Laurance.
100-minute film (full movie) directed by Melody Brooke.
The original audio of Promises has dialogues in Dolby Digital, it was produced in USA.
It premiered in cinemas or television in 2015.
Screenplay written by Melody Brooke and Mike Henricks.
Mike Henricks.
Melody Brooke.
This film was produced and / or financed by Awakened Heart Productions.
Without commercial breaks, the full movie Promises has a duration of 100 minutes; the official trailer can be watched in streaming on the Internet. You can watch this full movie free in EnglishDolby Digital in movie TV channels, renting the DVD or with VoD services (Video On Demand player, Hulu) and PPV (Pay Per View, Netflix).
See the page of this full movie, Promises in FULLTV Movies.


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NBA News: Player News and Updates for 12/10/15
NBA Player Updates 12/10: The Latest News from Around the League, Tonight's TV Schedule and More
December 10, 2015
See the Latest Odds
The NBA is taking a bit of a breather today after a big set of games last night. We've still got a stuffed weekend schedule to look forward to, however, as well as four matchups this evening. For now, let's take our daily look at some of the key stats and players out there.
Bulls-Celtics: We had a great matchup in Boston last night between the Bulls and the Celtics. Isaiah Thomas scored 20 points--with nine coming in the final three minutes--to help power the team to a 105-100 win over Chicago. Kelly Olynyk helped out with 15 points, while Jae Crowder and Evan Turner each put up 13.
Jimmy Butler posted a season-high 36 for the Bulls, while Pau Gasol had his fifth straight double-double on 16 points and 15 rebounds.
USA TODAY Sports
Rockets-Wizards: James Harden was stellar last night against the Wizards, posting 42 points, nine rebounds and seven assists. His efforts helped push the Rockets to a 109-103 road victory. It was a great bounce-back for Harden, who had just 10 points in his last outing.
Corey Brewer had 15 points and Patrick Beverley managed 14 here. Houston has now won our of five and six of eight.
John Wall nearly tripled up on the other side with 26 points, 12 assists and nine rebounds.
Lakers-Timberwolves: It took overtime to get there, but the Timberwolves eked past the Lakers 123-122 last night. Kevin Martin put up 37 points, and Karl-Anthony Towns logged 26 points with 14 rebounds. Martin was 6-of-9 from 3-point range and had 17 points in the fourth quarter alone. The Timberwolves are now 9-12 on the year.
As for the Lakers, D'Angelo Russell had a career-high 23 points here, while Julius Randle managed 20 points and 12 rebounds. The Lakers are now 3-19.
Knicks-Jazz: The Knicks came out flat in Utah last night, getting outscored 29-11 in the first quarter and 31-24 in the second. That led to a 106-85 Jazz blowout win, which was a good turnaround for them after losing to the Kings.
Gordon Hayward put up 24 points, shooting 9-of-14 from the field with four 3-pointers. He also had five assists and four rebounds. The Jazz are now 10-10.
As for the Knicks, they got yet another poor shooting effort from Carmelo Anthony, who went just 3-of-11 for 12 points. The Knicks are stumbling at 10-13.
NBA Daily Schedule: Here's a look at the league's daily schedule. Let's check out the matchups, times and channels where you can find all the action.
Thursday, December 10, 2015:
Philadelphia 76ers at Brooklyn Nets (YES, TCN-PHI)
Los Angeles Clippers at Chicago Bulls (TNT, TSN¼, PRIME TICKET)
Atlanta Hawks at Oklahoma City Thunder (NBATV CANADA, FS OKLAHOMA HD, FOX SPORTS SOUTHEAST)
New York Knicks at Sacramento Kings (TNT, TSN¼)
For the latest article updates, follow Andrew on Twitter @SCPAndrew.