text:
|14 Jun 2014
|My System Specs
|14 Jun 2014
|My System Specs
|18 Jul 2014
I would like to add 3 more freeware programs to this list.
IceCream Media Converter - multiformatted video and audio converter with support of YouTube downloading and conversion.
IceCream PDF Split&Merge - PDF splitter and merger with 4 different splitting modes and ability to work with password-protected files.
IceCream Image Resizer - bulk picture resizing tool that doesn't lower their initial quality.
|My System Specs
|18 Jul 2014
IceCream Image Resizer - bulk picture resizing tool that doesn't lower their initial quality.
Conceptually, I don't see how ANY resizing tool cannot degrade "image quality", since it needs to be re-compressed (e.g. if it is a JPG to start with) and thus introduces automatic quality loss through the re-compression.
Now ROTATION can be lossless, even for JPG. But RESIZE... I don't see how that cannot impact image quality.
|My System Specs
|18 Jul 2014
I meant image quality exactly like you stated. Sometimes the quality of an image gets lower when you change it size with image editors, for example it is clearly seen when you use Paint. So with this resizer let's say HD images maintain their quality despite of their new size.
|My System Specs
|18 Jul 2014
IceCream Image Resizer - bulk picture resizing tool that doesn't lower their initial quality.
Conceptually, I don't see how ANY resizing tool cannot degrade "image quality", since it needs to be re-compressed (e.g. if it is a JPG to start with) and thus introduces automatic quality loss through the re-compression.
Now ROTATION can be lossless, even for JPG. But RESIZE... I don't see how that cannot impact image quality.
Image size reduction and compression are two different animals. Mild image compression reduces file size by removing duplicate pixels and reinserting them when the image is displayed; this will not reduce image quality. More compression can be achieved by removing similar pixels; that will reduce image quality. The more compression after a certain point, the more image quality will be reduced.
I took a quick look at the web page in the link and didn't see exactly what kind of resizing the program does.
|My System Specs
|18 Jul 2014
Now JPG is already a "lossy" compression of the underlying "raw" (uncompressed) image to begin with, even at high resolution 4288x2848. You're already losing image information with the video-compression technique called JPG, although it will still look "superb" at 4288x2848.
If you use an image editor like Photoshop, when you "adjust image size" you can play with BOTH the DPI as well as the image dimensions (in pixels). You can change one or the other or both as part of the "adjust image size" function. As you mention, playing with just DPI reduction will have the instant simultaneous effect of also making the outer dimensions of the image reduce, but the new JPG will again have to go through another "lossy JPG re-compression" from the now re-sized original, and on better image handlers like Photoshop this also has a customizable user-set "quality" value in the compression to represent the compromise between true image quality (when displaying it) and file size.
Again, in my opinion there's just seemingly no way you can't do "harm" to original image quality by re-sizing it.
Image size reduction and compression are two different animals.
This is all a "compromise", and is just a way of minimizing image quality reduction if possible. But it is NOT the original, especially when you're starting from an already "lossy compressed" JPG instead of the "uncompressed original" RAW (or NEF, or whatever) format from the camera.
I took a quick look at the web page in the link and didn't see exactly what kind of resizing the program does.
Again, I believe we're really talking about "subjective reaction to the re-sized result", rather than technical objectivity.
|My System Specs
|18 Jul 2014
Actually, reducing DPI will increase the outer dimensions.
Any decent image editing program will allow you to determine the amount of compression when saving an image, including one that is already compressed. I have mine set for zero compression.
|My System Specs
|25 Jul 2014
windows 7 home premium 64 bit
core temp PUP - adware - safeinstall.op... with outdated satificite
warning: core temp is a PUP (potentially unwanted program) that has adware in it using safeinstall.optional.A which even the certificate is out of date. proceed to download with caution.
Yay now i still don't know what my temp of my cpu is! >_>
|My System Specs
|25 Jul 2014
Win 10 Pro 64
Geez, I don't know how I missed this thread. Thanks
|My System Specs
|Thread Tools
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Im new to linux and got some copied CD's (4 in total) off a friend, and had a go at installing it. I booted fine with the cd 1 and after wiping windows from the HD with the linux partioning thing, I installed sucessfuly.
I boot, it goes thru all the boot loading things and comes up with login.
I type my user name i choose during installation (not the root pwd).
type in the pass, and it comes up with:
[andrew@localhost andrew] $
what do i do?
do i still have to install stuff from the other cds?
oh, im running
Pentium 133
64mb RAM
2mb Graphics Card.
Is this allright specs for running it?

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Kristina K.
New York, NY, 10013
Joined on June, 2013
Gender: Female
Average Rating:
Any day at any time
Lives Near:
Can Meet:
Up to 10 minutes away for no additional charge
EducationStuyvesant High School 2011
NJIT Albert Dorman Honors College 2016, Dean's List (3.7 GPA)
I am a 2011 Stuyvesant Graduate. Throughout Middle School, I volunteered at a PreSchool. While attending Stuyvesant, I worked at a tutoring center located in Bensonhurst. For the past 5 years, I have been privately tutoring clients in TriBeCa. I tutor in B&N locations, and am willing to meet in Park Slope B&N in the summertime. I do not tutor in private homes unless I have been your child's tutor for a few months. It benefits both parties, since I have found students to be easily distracted while working at home.
I have taught in group settings and private one on one settings for the SAT, and SHSAT, as well as K-8. Currently, I have 4 students that I have been with for the past 4 years. I am well qualified to teach K-8 Test Prep, SHSAT Test Prep, and SAT I Math. I graduated with a 2080 on my SATs with a perfect 800 in the Math Section.
I am currently an honors college Architecture student on the Dean's List at NJIT. I am part of several honors societies as well as a professional fraternity.
I typically charge $35/hr for K-5, $40/hr for 6-8, $45/hr for SHSAT, and $50/hr for SAT MATH I.
I offer Skype tutoring while I am in Jersey for school. I work with students on interactive apps that allow me to teach them off a smartphone whiteboard. Many of my busier families find it more flexible in hours since they save time on commuting to meet up.
Prices are negotiable depending on hours. Please contact me for more information!
HobbiesDuring my free time, I like to meet up with friends in the city and try new restaurants around college areas. I used to do a lot of swimming but haven't had much time to keep up with it.
Preferred Subjects
SAT, K-8 Reading, K-8 Writing, K-8 Mathematics, SHSAT, PSAT, , Algebra, SAT Math, Trigonometry, Computer Skills, Study Skills, Organization
Inquire about this tutor
The tutor will respond if they are available/interested.


text:
In this bitterly funny novel by the renowned Polish author Witold Gombrowicz, a writer finds himself tossed into a chaotic world of schoolboys by a diabolical professor who wishes to reduce him to childishness. Originally published in Poland in 1937, Ferdydurke became an instant literary sensation and catapulted the young author to fame. Deemed scandalous and subversive by Nazis, Stalinists, and the Polish Communist regime in turn, the novel (as well as all of Gombrowicz's other works) was officially banned in Poland for decades. It has nonetheless remained one of the most influential works of twentieth-century European literature.Ferdydurke is translated here directly from the Polish for the first time. Danuta Borchardt deftly captures Gombrowicz's playful and idiosyncratic style, and she allows English speakers to experience fully the masterpiece of a writer whom Milan Kundera describes as "one of the great novelists of our century."
Author Biography: Witold Gombrowicz (1904-1969) wrote three other novels, Trans-Atlantyk, Pornografia, and Cosmos, which together with his plays and his three-volume Diary have been translated into more than thirty languages
This masterpiece of European modernism was first published in 1937, and so arrived on the literary scene at an inopportune moment. First the Second World War, then Russian domination of Gombrowicz's Poland and the author's decades of exile in Argentina all but expunged public awareness of a novel that remains a singularly strange exploration of identity, cultural and political mores, and eros. Joey Kowalski narrates the story of his transformation from a 30-year-old man into a teenage boy. Joey awakens one morning gripped by fear when he perceives a ghost of himself standing in the corner of his room. He orders the ghost, whose face "was all someone else's--and yet it was I," to leave. When the ghost is gone, Kowalski is driven to write, to create his own "oeuvre," to be "free to expound [his] own views." A visitor arrives, a doctor of philosophy named Pimko. As Pimko talks to him, Kowalski begins to shrink, to become "a little persona"; his oeuvre becomes a "little oeuvre." Pimko, in turn, grows larger and larger. He takes Kowalski to an old-fashioned Polish school, and then the man-boy's adventures adventures continue in a middle-class household and on the country estate of landed aristocrats. Kowalski's exploits are comic and erotic (for this is a modernism closer to dada and the Marx brothers than to the elevated tones of T.S. Eliot or Ezra Pound), but also carry a shrewdly subtle groundswell of philosophical seriousness. Gombrowicz is interested in identity and the way time and circumstance, history and place impose form on people's lives. Unsentimental, mocking and sometimes brutal, Kowalski's youthfulness is callow and immature, but it is also free to revel in desire. Susan Sontag ushers this new translation into print with a strong and useful foreword, calling Gombrowicz's tale "extravagant, brilliant, disturbing, brave, funny... wonderful." And it is. (Oct.) Copyright 2000 Cahners Business Information.


text:
AN ONLINE marketplace which is aiming to take on Amazon will take a major step forward with the launch of a national advertising campaign.
OnBuy has listed 200,000 products and is to receive exposure on ITV and ITV2 from May 29.
The Poole business was devised by former e-commerce consultant Cas Paton and its site went live last November. It claims the lowest commission fees for any major online marketplace in the UK.
It was recently boosted when World of Books – the largest Amazon bookseller in the UK and the fourth largest in Europe – joined the platform. Chalky's, a major seller of CDs, DVDS and Blu-rays, has also joined up.
Managing director Mr Paton said: "OnBuy's driving force is to treat sellers fairly, giving them an alternative to the existing platforms, which clobber them with huge selling fees and force them to take lower and lower margins.
"We believe in our model, which is that straightforward, low-cost options for sellers translate into better prices for consumers. It's a concept that sellers have bought into enthusiastically, and we now have hundreds of sellers signed up offering hundreds of thousands of products at highly competitive prices."
OnBuy has responded to seller feedback by introducing packages for different kinds of sellers.
Smaller traders can pay a subscription of £19 a month and a selling fee of six per cent, while OnBuy 'partners' can pay the same commission but add £89 a month for access to a range of benefits.
Those include an account manager, prominent placement and on-site advertisements. Sellers of many electronics items will pay only three per cent commission.
Mr Paton added: "After our initial launch to sellers, we are now entering the next phase of the journey to becoming a credible alternative to Amazon and eBay."
He said Ed Sheeran's CD Divide was selling on the site for £8.99, "a price which we haven't seen beaten anywhere online".
The company is developing integration with Linnworks, an e-commerce order management technology, to automate key processes and reduce costs.
It has signed a two-year partnership for hosting and support with cloud services provider UKFast. It says the partnership will prepare it for a surge in traffic and ensure reliability and security.
Mr Paton added: "OnBuy is British born and bred, so we are proud to be partnering with a company that is UK-based and supports the British economy.
"Our supply chain is extremely tight, meaning personal identifiable data stays hosted securely on British soil."


text:
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) requires employers to limit airborne exposure to hundreds of hazardous chemicals. Exposure to chemicals that are absorbed through skin and by ingestion can be controlled by using appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE). However, it is difficult to measure the chemical exposure if it is airborne. To ensure that employees are not overly exposed beyond the recommended guidelines, Environmental Health and Safety (EHS) conducts exposure monitoring.
Some of the chemicals regulated by OSHA that are used at NewYork-Presbyterian are formaldehyde, ethylene oxide and xylene which require routine monitoring of airborne concentrations. OSHA's permissible exposure limit (PEL) for these chemicals are very low and thus can be easily exceeded if proper engineering controls and administrative controls are not in place.
If you work with any of the chemicals mentioned above, please contact EHS at 646-NYP-SAFE for an assessment.
Someone is available 24 hours a day,
7 days a week to answer your call.


text:
We are nearly a month on from the Future Fifty launch, so we're taking a look back at the highlights from our key note speaker, Rory Sutherland, Vice Chairman of Ogilvy Group UK. Rory entertained the room on a brilliant evening with a healthy mix of humour and education. The full video can be found below, but here's a summary of 10 key points that we took from his speech…
1. Doesn't matter if you're very very brilliant or very very lucky, the reason you come up with an idea is irrelevant – it is how its received by the public that creates its value
2. Tech innovation is driven by novelty seeking as much as utility
3. The only good measure of innovation is behavioural change
4. An invention and innovation are very different things. Invention + clever marketing = innovation
5. It's much harder to get fired for being logical than it is for being imaginative
6. By getting someone to look at something from a different angle we can turn any negative into a positive
7. Change people's perception by changing what people pay attention to
8. Marketing is the costly demonstration of faith in your futurity
9. Discretionary effort – without it having a slight pointlessness your product will only be half as likeable
10. Upfront expense is an indication of long term intention
Future Fifty at the Design Museum
WE'RE LIVE! Join us in welcoming 26 of the UK's finest tech companies onto the Future Fifty programme! Live stream from the Design Museum:
由 Tech City UK 发布于 2017年2月22日


text:
Results 1 to 1 of 1
09-25-03, 09:17 #1Registered User
- Join Date
- Sep 2003
- Posts
- 5
Unanswered: Adding additional Language in SQL Server
We have SQL Server 2000 sitting on Win2K server. Currently we are using English language.
We are planning to add two more languages in the database
Korean and japanese. The database is very small , so the data loss is not a matter. The existing schema will still use English. Can any of you help me to explain the following questions.
1. can be done or not?
2. what are the steps I need to follow up?
3. Do I need to create new database.
4. Which Character Set is suitable for those language?


text:
So what am I asking for in advance?
The World you are entering to?
The Universe
The Universe is driven by a substance known as Stabil, a substance allowing faster than light-speed travel, which when discovered by a race dramatically alters the way that race lives. The key theme is that the discovery occurs at a time of change that Stabil either slows, stops or even reverses the cultural changes.
For the human race, it creates a permanent steampunk age (in space) with technology evolving without microchips.
Elvar continue with their nomadic life leaving behind those Elves who have settled down in major cities on their home planet.
The Location you are in?
You are on Arxis V at the main port, the Alvian "Hive" run by Iraxae.
Important Player Information
The 7 Sins
The 7 Sins is a system used to find player hard limits and themes they dont want to touch.
The player needs to consider the 7 Sins and provide the following:
- Themes which would provide discomfort but are ok.
- Themes which are no go.
The players submit this before characters are even created.
The 4 Key Questions to think about
- What are the key parts of your history/past and how they affect the present?
- What is your race and what benefits/weakness they give?
- What is your profession and how did you get into it?
- What is your lifestyle in general and how does it affect you?


text:
Font >> Script - Steady 65815 by artimasa @ CreativeMarket
File Size: 90.63 KB; Vector: Yes.
$20 (25% Off) until a certain time limit.
Steady is a script typeface with personality. It was designed as a display typeface that contains 315 glyphs in total and 126 alternative characters to improve your design. You can use it as a logo, badge, insignia, packaging, headline, poster, t-shirt/apparel, greeting card, and wedding invitation. The flowing characters are ideal to make an attractive messages, mix and match Steady with a bunch of alternative characters to fit your project.
The alternative characters in this font were divided into several OpenType features such as Contextual Alternates, Stylistic Alternates, Stylistic Sets, and Ligature. The OpenType features can be accessed by using OpenType savvy program such as Adobe Illustrator and Adobe InDesign.
Files included .
- Steady.otf
- Steady.ttf
Mail support : [email protected]
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Twitter : https://twitter.com/artimasa
Thank you!
Keywords: brush, sign, painting, handwriting, flow, opentype, natural, script, lettering, font, logo, packaging, poster, playful, modern, typeface, elegant, calligraphy, t-shirt.
Download Link


text:
Skip to comments.Patriarch (Alexy II) points to popes role in forging Orthodox-Catholic rapprochement
Posted on 07/26/2006 8:28:39 AM PDT by NYer
MOSCOW (Interfax) Russian Orthodox Patriarch Alexy II of Moscow and all Russia hopes for considerable rapprochement with the Roman Catholic Church, noting the positive role being played by Pope Benedict XVI.
The key of our relations has changed with the new pontificate, the patriarch said.
In his first address Benedict XVI said that the improvement of relations with the Orthodox churches was a priority of his ministry, Alexy II said in an interview with the Russian television station, Pervyi canal.
He also expressed his hope for the problems that have complicated interchurch relations to be solved under the new pope.
As to his possible meeting with Benedict, the patriarchate is convinced that should this meeting take place, he said, but added that thorough preparations are needed and such a meeting must bring about concrete actions for the improvement of our relations.
We find common platform for actions even now, Patriarch Alexy said.
He said both churches can in common on efforts aimed at maintaining moral values, as secularization of society in the West worries the leaders of the Roman Catholic Church, including the pope.
Last week, the Holy Synod of the Moscow Patriarchate said it remains in favor of the continuation of dialogue with the Roman Catholic Church on the problems of common concern.
The synod, which opened at the laura or monastery of the Holy Trinity and St. Sergius in Sergiev Posad July 17, pointed to human rights, human dignity and moral responsibility of the human person among the key issues for the dialogue with the Catholic Church.
These issues were raised during the May 2006 meeting between Metropolitan Kirill, head of the Moscow Patriarchate Department for External Church Relations, and Pope Benedict XVI.
The synod noted the closeness of views of both churches on these issues and their wish to continue common work over a document that would fully reflect the positions of the Roman Catholic and Russian Orthodox churches.
Bioethics, defense of the family and the right to life were seen as specific issues that the formulating of a common position of the two churches would be useful.
John 17:20-21
"I pray also for those who will believe in me through their message, that all of them may be one, Father, just as you are in me and I am in you."
I Love this Pope more everyday.
Why does Alexy think B16 is better than JP2 for raproachment?
Try nationalistic reasons. JP2 helped to break up [or at least seriously damage] that vampiria. In Voinovich's book "Moscow 2042" there was one Father Zvezdonius [the name could be translated as "Hammersicklius"], Major General of religion branch.
Yes, he's great isn't he? I really admire him.
Very, very far away.
but closer than they were. At least they're talking, acknowledging they have a lot in common and, TALKING about getting closer. A common Christian front against Islam is starting.
We need one. A friend and I were talking the other day, and he mentioned how ironic it is that in this post Christian time, we are finally starting to pull together. Perhaps we need to be threatened by the outside to realize that we need each other.
Dear Cronos,
That wasn't the question.
I believe that the Orthodox, corporately, and the Catholic Church will remain out of communion with each other until Jesus comes again.
Disclaimer: Opinions posted on Free Republic are those of the individual posters and do not necessarily represent the opinion of Free Republic or its management. All materials posted herein are protected by copyright law and the exemption for fair use of copyrighted works.


text: This core text for the K-8 methods course in science is a practical guide to teaching science in inquiry-centered and standards-based classrooms. Its inclusive coverage of the major domains of science includes examples from the studies of life, physics, earth, space, and environment. This edition integrates technology thoroughly with science content, instructional methods, and cues to monitoring student development.


text:
*Rapper Nas has filed new court documents claiming he's unable to make his ordered child and spousal support payments to ex-wife Kelis.
The artist was ordered last month to pay more than $87,000 in back child and spousal support, as well as $10,000 per month to Kelis to stay current.
In a new filing reported by TMZ, Nas claims that the judge predicated the order on Nas making $152,031 a month, when in fact, he makes "substantially less than that amount."
Nas' lawyer, Mark Vincent Kaplan, is asking the judge to take reconsider the amount of payments to make sure that it is proportional to his monthly income.


text:
Karin & Scooter's Journal - BIRTH STORY (FINALLY!)
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December 17th, 2012, 06:08 PM
Platinum Supermommy
Join Date: Jul 2009
Location: north county san diego, ca
Posts: 13,284
34w0d - Just another Monday.
Busy day of doing this' and that's. We had a busy weekend, but didn't get a lot done...if that makes sense! We had childbirth prep class all day both Sat and Sun, so that was pretty much all we did. The class was EXCELLENT, and so was our instructor. I feel far more prepared now that I understand more of the hospital protocol and procedures. We also learned about breathing techniques, and laboring positions. DH is going to be a wonderful coach, that is for sure!
Our contractor was also here both days all weekend working on the various projects. He was here for a bit this morning, and will be coming back this afternoon still to finish up yet a few more things. Poor guy has a bajillion projects that he's trying to finish up before the holidays (per contracts), and he's just running ragged. I feel bad for him, but then again, he put himself in that spot by promising these deliveries! I have to tell you a little tidbit about how awesome he is though.
I've mentioned before he is the DH of a good friend of ours - DH's admin at work. They are in their late 50s probably. He is a "tile" guy, mainly, but does other things when he can to pick up extra work here and there. He's just a "nice guy" type of guy, if that makes sense. Works hard for a living, and loves his wife. So, this morning, he was here dropping off some supplies for later tonight, and we were chatting in the driveway about this and that. I was still in my PJs sipping coffee, and he had already been up, been to one job, ran to the supply store for supplies, stopped at another job, then came to our house. Ya, and I was still in my PJs. So I was telling him how much stuff I have to do, and how I just wanted to curl up on the couch and watch a movie. (It was also raining this morning). I was telling him how I had to go to another town about 25 min away to pick up something for Scooter to wear when I brought him home from the hospital. (This town is also where that huge job of his is).
So, this guy, all dressed in his jeans and workman's belt and all dirty from work, says "Well, if it's something I can easily identify, do you want me to pick up the outfit for you?"
I about cried. There is NO way I would ever ask him to do that, but it was adorable that he offered. What a great, great guy.
So anyhow, I did end up going over that way, every stop I wanted to make there was a bust. They didn't have the sweater I wanted, the other store didn't have the sheets I wanted, and the last 2 stores didn't have things I needed either. Total waste of time. But, at least I was able to stop on my way home and pick up some yummy lunch.
I have been trying to find shelves for the nursery. We aren't finding just what we wanted - everything is either too big or too small. Meh. I'm still obsessing over some coming home outfits for Scooter too. And I really wanted to order the last few bedding things from PBK today since it's supposed to be free shipping day, but for some reason, shipping charges keep showing up in my cart. Grrr.
I still haven't gotten our Christmas cards done, so they are likely to turn into New Years Cards or something like that. The cards are done, but I need DH to tell me who he wants to send to from his side (we have a HUGE list normally, and this year, we're trimming it down because we will be sending out birth announcements before too long anyway).
Scooter has been pretty quiet today. Nothing alarming I don't think, just a quieter day for him. I feel really sore on my sides, and that usually means that he is growing but I am not (yet). So he might just be a little cramped in there. I don't really feel anything changing or "happening" yet, just that it's getting harder to get around these days. It's getting harder and harder to get in my Wrangler too, which is annoying and comical at the same time.
This Thursday, I have a flurry of doctor appointments - starting at 8am. First I have an ultrasound and AFI check. Then, my first NST, and finally, my OB check. I will likely be there from about 8 until about 11. DH is coming for the U/S at 8, then he has to leave for a meeting at work. My next OB check will then be on the 26th, but I am pretty sure I'll have to go in for another NST in between the 2, since I am currently scheduled to be going 2x a week. They are trying to work the schedule such that I can do one of them on the same day as my weekly OB check, so that I'm not going there 3x a week! So, after Thursday, weekly OB checks, and 2x a week NSTs. That's the plan anyway.
I always think that Scooter will be here early, and while I do think he won't wait until 40 weeks, I'm not sure he'll be the 2 weeks early I originally thought. Not sure why, though. DH thinks he's going to hang around until 41 weeks, since we learned at our class that many first time mom's don't deliver until 41 weeks.
Ok, I have to go do something else...turn on the Christmas lights, place an Amazon order, stuff like that.
Hope everyone had a wonderful Monday!
for my amazingly perfect siggy!
Our TTC Journey
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text:
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">
href="http://longhornblogs.com/rrelyea/posts/1599.aspx">Rob asks what tools
people are using to write WinFX apps… Anyone following in the footsteps of Don,
Chris or Jim? I can't wait to see
the first editor written in C# and Xaml… Anyone working on
You mean, other than us understaffed Nautilus ( http://www.winethirty.com/Default.aspx?document=132 ) weirdos? 🙂


text:
Devin Nunes once said all he wanted to do was work on a dairy farm.
Now the Republican from the rural Central Valley of California is running one of the most scrutinized, complex and politically fraught congressional investigations in recent memory.
As chairman of the House intelligence committee, which holds its first public hearing on Monday, Nunes is at the helm of a probe of Moscow's meddling in the 2016 campaign and the murky web of contacts between President Donald Trump's campaign and Russia. It's a potentially sprawling enterprise that spans continents, plumbs spycraft and dominates international headlines.
He's a long way from raising cattle.
"I'm not asking for any profile," Nunes told The Associated Press, when asked about his new place in the spotlight.
Until recently, the soft-spoken 43-year-old — dubbed a "normal dad" by friends — was hardly a fixture on the national news circuit. Now he is holding weekly press briefings and being asked to weigh in on daily twists and unexpected developments. At Monday's hearing he will call FBI Director James Comey as a witness, an event that amounts to must-see television in Washington.
Nunes was not an early Trump backer, but was named to the transition team as an adviser on appointments.
The burden of leading a bipartisan, credible investigation into the integrity of the U.S. campaigns, not to mention the possible role of the new president's campaign associates, is a heavy one not only for him but for many veteran lawmakers.
On the other side of the aisle, Democratic Sen. Mark Warner, of Virginia, has said the Senate intelligence committee investigation, which he is co-leading, is probably the most important thing he will do in his public life. Nunes says he does not feel the same way.
"Everything we do around here is really important," Nunes said. "I wouldn't put one in front of the other."
It's an understatement his friends recognize.
Nunes is a third-generation Portuguese-American, and he…


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Example policies
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- Reserves policy
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- Whistle blowing
Having effective policies and procedures is essential to the running of a successful charity. When developing these, it is much easier if you can see how other organisations have done it. CASH is offering its policies and procedure available for use.
It goes without saying that if you use these documents you should amend them for your specific needs. Also, some policies/procedures should be checked by a lawyer (ie. disciplinary procedure). Talk to your local CVS for guidance.
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Google is stepping up and is planning to move the mobile industry as well. They want to be everywhere and on everything, and they won't stop till the whole world is Googlified. On May 26, yesterday, Google announced it's game changing mobile payment system that it was been working on from quite a long time. Google Wallet, the mobile payment system that one can use to make payments via NFC at many shopping outlets and Google Wallet verified stores. Google Wallet is going to change the way we pay, that is something that will surely happen. (20 comments)
Archives for May 2011
WordPress Tags – What You Are Doing Wrong & How To Fix It
When we talk about organizing a WordPress blog structure, tags and categories play a major role. People who've migrated from BlogSpot often get confused as BlogSpot only offers "labels". Today, I'm going to talk a little about WordPress tags so that you can utilize them better and keep your blog structure clean. Read: The Complete WordPress Guide What are WordPress tags? Alright, let me start by saying that tags and categories are entirely different things. But both categories and tags help in organizing your content. I always suggest to (17 comments)
How to Avoid Negative SEO Impact of Guest Posts
I have explained quite in details about the downside of accepting guest posts during early stages of your blog. However, there are many who look out for guest to write for them and they may be doing so due to some genuine reasons. Some of these reasons could be: Lack of time for the blog owner especially when he/she has a different day job as well Lack of variety of ideas for the blog post Lack of knowledge about different topics in their niche. There could be any other reason as well. Irrespective of any reasons (even if it is genuine one) (10 comments)
Do You Know the Real Time Benefits of Blogging?
Blogging passion comes only in those who have the will to write and share anything with the world, it is not a platform for the light-hearted and the ones who can't share the secrets and feelings with anyone else. I have been blogging at techfreakblog for a year now and have been really engaged with it. Blogging has been a prominent part of my life and I am really happy that it is. Blogging is an excellent platform to improve as a complete human being and I will tell you the reasons later in this post. Benefits are largely infinite but if you take it (22 comments)
4 Factors that Make Visitors Feel Comfortable
Have you ever visited a blog and while you're there you feel welcome and comfortable? There are lots reasons that make you uncomfortable when in any blog. There are lots of web masters who try to make their site more attractive by displaying lots of flash, animations, videos email subscriptions box, etc. Do you think your blog readers will like that? Ever think of it? No? Well, There are four factors that makes visitors uncomfortable on a blog, these are: Blog Loading time: One of the thing that personally irritate me when I access a website, and it (15 comments)
Get Higher Search Rankings with DMOZ Listings
Many newbies have heard how SEO can help their site to rank better and drive targeted traffic. There are several methods which you can implement to check whether a site is an authority size. High page rank indicates that the page has great importance to the public. Getting a backlink from a high page rank site will increase your search engine ranking. If your site is new, it can be difficult to get high page rank site to link to you. This is because no one wants to link to a new website that has pagerank 0. Despite that, you can still obtain (40 comments)
Resell Fiverr Gigs to Make Money from Fiverr
When you are working online, it's all about the reach. More reach and followers, you have: More money you end up making. Have you ever thought, how you can use other services to make money? Today, we will look into one of the easy way and that is fiverr apprack to make money. We will learn how we can resell Fiverr Gigs created by others to make money from Fiverr. Most of you know what Fiverr is. It is a $5 marketplace where you can buy and sell various jobs for $5. The beauty of Fiverr is that you can make $5 even for doing jobs that will only take (25 comments)


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I just watched this web video interview with ProBlogger scribe Darren Rowse in which he admonishes new bloggers to blog abut subjects they have some expertise in. This is really good advice — it makes the blog in question not only interesting and entertaining (assuming the blogger has some writing chops and a winning personality) but useful for its readers. I have been blogging for six years and I've never really taken this advice (despite being aware of its efficacy for that entire time) because I could never settle on just one field of interest that I could keep a blog about. For me, blogging has always been, first and foremost, about my own amusement. I want my readers to be entertained and educated, but that concern is vastly less important as a blogging motivator than my own enjoyment in the endeavor. I just couldn't think up enough useful and interesting posts about, say, filmmaking, or community media, or skepticism, or long, self-indulgent guitar solos, or tuna pea wiggle, or any one of the other things I know a lot about. I must blog about it all!
Still, watching the video, made by the folks at the social media marketing online magazine, Social Media Examiner, it occurred to me that one thing I do know a thing or two about is film & video production. This thought occurred to me because I found myself rolling my eyes and making some snarky judgments about the video I was watching. Then it occurred to me that if was so smart I should stop muttering judgmental comments at my monitor and use that energy for an entertaining (doubtful) and useful (hopefully) post about something I actually know about.
So here's the video:
Darren Rowse Interview from Michael A. Stelzner on Vimeo.
First off, let's talk about what's right about the video. Technically speaking, there are two main things that are good about this particular production and they're both biggies: The picture is clear (decent exposure, in focus, not back-lit, etc.) and the audio is excellent. I tell my students this all the time and even though I'm more of a cinematography nerd than an audiophile it's true: the secret to good web video is good audio. Viewers will forgive all kinds of bad picture before they'll suffer through bad, muffled or echo-y audio. The other kind words I have to say about this video are content-related. Social Media Examiner has interviewed some big names in web content and social media, and while I haven't watched all of their videos, if this one is any indication, the content is actually fairly useful — in other words, they've taken Darren Rowse's advice to heart and are delivering content that their readers and viewers want.
Okay, now onto my nitpicks (and for the Social Media Examiner folks who will inevitably read this post [nobody can trackback like a social media blogger], I intend these remarks to be constructive and useful, not just snark-filled rants filled with invective):
*First off, there's :34 of lead-in before any content starts. That's even long for TV these days, let alone the web. Get to the content, we're busy web surfers out here.
*Secondly, the title of this piece is "How Bloggers Should Use Twitter." The length of the entire video is 12:27 but it's minute five before Twitter is even mentioned and minute seven before anything resembling the subject of the title enters the conversation. If this was a written blog post I'd accuse the writer of burying the lede.
The basic problem here is that the interview is simply unedited. It's a 12-minute talking head without a single cut, which is fine as an archival document of the conversation, but it leaves the work of finding the relevant bits of the interview entirely in the viewers' hands. Imagine if this was a text post containing the same interview, but written out instead of being a video. You'd expect the writer/editor to provide some context, highlight the relevant parts and get rid of the deadwood — that's what editors do. You might even expect the questions to be re-ordered so that the really meaty, interesting stuff is up front. There's a reason video editors and text editors share a verb — they're very similar jobs.
*Another issue is the on-screen graphics. It's a good idea to use on-screen graphics to add meta-information to the video you're making, but in this case, all we get is an occasional standard lower third identifier, telling us who it is we're looking at. But this information is already available to us. This isn't TV. There's a contextualizing web page that the video is embedded in that almost certainly contains the same info in multiple places. In the case of a Vimeo embed like this, it's right under the video frame! So use the lower third convention to give us useful info at points in the video where it makes sense. For example, when Rowse (finally) talks about getting addicted to Twitter, throw his twitter ID up on the screen! Maybe we want to start following him.
*As long as we're talking about visual content, I'll point out that video is a visual medium. I know it seems obvious, but when you produce a video for the web (or anywhere else) it's a good idea to consider how the content is enhanced by having a picture rather than just being an audio track of someone talking. If all you're giving us is a talking head for twelve minutes, there's not much purpose in me continuing to look at the picture. The video frame is a different medium of information into which you can channel all sorts of useful stuff without breaking up the flow of the audio content. Ideally, the picture and sound complement each other — like showing cutaways to images that relate to the content being discussed. Without leveraging the visual part of the medium, all you've really done is made a podcast that won't play very well in iTunes.
Of course, all of these issues take time to correct. Video editing is nothing if not time consuming.
To be fair, Social Media Examiner is not a video blog, per se. The video content is added value to an otherwise list-heavy social media magazine. I'll also add that the issues I'm discussing here are not unique to SME — they can be found in video all over the web. This just happened to be the video I was watching when I decided to write about web video dos and don'ts (thanks, Darren Rowse!).
Thanks for sharing your insights, Bill. I know you've got a lot of stuff to like to write about, but I would love to see some more web video tip posts here at Candleblog.
Thanks for the encouragement, Scott! I'll do my best.
Great feedback!
First, thank you for your very apt, helpful observations. As a someone bordering on "gezzerdom" — age 62 — I have come late to the issues of how to provide content over the web. Yet, over the last few years, I have taken some film production training at Burlington College and studied with Ed Tufte, the guru of displaying quantitative information visually. What you have said certainly rings true in my limited experience.
Second, I agree and disagree about your comment that "this isn't TV." Yes, it is not; but, TV as a visual medium still can teach us some useful things about how we can transmit visual information over the web.
Third, your observation about editing is spot on, but it also applies to print media as well. We forget that the secret to good writing is rewriting: truly disciplined and mindful editing until we have distilled something really good.
Finally, John Medina, who wrote Brain Rules, has a great little post (http://brainrules.blogspot.com/2010/02/we-do-not-see-with-our-eyes-we-see-with.html) on how brain researchers fooled wine tasters simply by changing the visual appearance of the wines they were tasting.
The moral: just putting up visual content does not guarantee you are going to get your point across.
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text: Alarming floor mat placed by the side of the bed or across a doorway, will alert you when your patient steps onto the mat, and let you know that they need assistance. Alarm operates with one 9 volt battery (not included) Alarm features a volume control, low battery light and reset button on the front of the alarm for silencing the alert when you go to assist your patient. Floor mat is a high grade non slip rubber floor mat with beveled edges to reduce possibilities of tripping. THIS ITEM CURRENTLY INCLUDES a sample of an Austin Medical disposable bed underpad.


text:
DE LORIEA. tI. WHITNEY.
'fherefore, a special mandate is requested, which we will grant, as the circumstances are so peculiar. Smith v. Weeks, 3 C. C. A. 644, 53 Fed. 758. It must be expressly that we are not committed to any phases of the law which the new proofs, if taken, may raise, nor barred from applying to them the rule of Telegraph Co. ,:. Himmer, 19 Fed. 322, if it meets our approval and comes in point. Ordered: The petition for a rehearing is denied. The judgment already entered is amended to read as follows: "The decree of the circuit court is affirmed. This court reserves to the appellants liberty to file in the circuit court an application for leave to file a bill ()f review, or leave to adopt other appropriate methods, and to pro.eeed thereon as that court may determine, with reference to the matter of estoppel appearing in the opinion of this court passed down March 5, 1894; the appellees to recover costs of appeal."
DE LORrEA et al. v. WHITNEY. (Circuit Court of Appeals, First Circuit June 22, 1894.) No.88.
PATENTS-AcTIONS FOR INFRINGEMENT-DIRECTING VERDICT.
When, in an action at law, the essence of an alleged infringing machine is not in dispute, so that the question of infringement by it turns plainly on the construction of the patent alleged to be infringed, and such eonstruction is for the determination of the court, either on the face of the patent, or on its face in connection with facts of such nature that their . existence and effect cannot be reasonably dis:puted, the entire issue of infringement is :practically for the court In regard to these particulars, the same rules of construction apply as apply to other instruments. Royer v. Belting Co., 10 Sup. Ct. 833, 135 U.· S. 319, touching what issues are for the jury, explained.
it had great commercial success, are limited in their application to ques-
The facts that a patented machine was the first successful one, and that
tions of utility or patentable invention, and have no pertinency incases turning on the construction of the patent.
The McDonald patent, No. 210,797, for a machine for nnhairing and scouring hides and skins, mmlt be limited to a machine containing two feed rolls lind a supporting roll and a scouring roll; is not entitled to a broad range of equivalents, but falls within v. Cordesman, 3 Sup. Ct. 230, 109 U. S. 408, and cases of that class; and is not infringed by a machine which contains three rolls, the lower acting as a combined feed roll and supporting roll.
In Error to the Circuit Court of the United States for the District of :Massachusetts. 'fhis was an action by Joseph F. De Loriea and Griffin Place, executors of James W. :McDonald, against Arthur E. Whitney, for damages for infringement of letters patent No. 210,797, issued December 10, 1878, for a machine for unhairing and scouring hides and skins. On trial in the circuit court the judge instructed the jury to find for defendant. Judgment for defendant was entered on the verdict. Plaintiffs brought error.
vol. 63.
The ruling In the circuit court was as follows (COLT, Circuit .
The eyidence being closed in this case, and the requests for rulings having been by the counsel upon both sides, lam prepared now to state the conclusions that I have reached with respect to the constniction of the McDonald patent in suit, which has an important bearing upon the case. I am of opinion that the McDonald in"Vention described in claims 1 and 2 or his patent of December 10, 1878,must be limited to a machine containing two feed r{lIlSi a supporting roll, and a scouring roll, and that a machine which contains three rollS, the lower roll acting as acoJIlbined feed roll and a supporting roll, is not !within the patent The specification· refers to the prior Roberts patent, of November 7, 1876, which was for a four-roll machine, and tb,e prior McDonald patent, which was also for a four-roll machine, and it dec],ares that the invention is for an improvementon the last·named device. The patentee, after referring to three other prior patents in his specUlcation, and pointing out why they do not contain his invention, describes what he says "constitutes the spirit of my invention" as follows: ''Two feed rolls for feeding a hide or skin to a scouring roll, 80 arranged in relation to each other and to the scouring roll that one of said rolls may be lifted from the other and held apart while a hide which has been l.mproperlyfed is drawn l)ackby the operator before it has passed the scouring roll to be properly fed to the said scouring roll." The spIrit of the McDonald invention,and the substantial improvement which he believed he bad accomplished by his lnventlion, was the separation of the two feed rolls, whereby a hide which had been improperly fed could be drawn back by the operator. He was dealing with a four-roll machine of the Roberts type. He had already patented one improvement on that type of machine. He now saw still another detect in the machine, and the way to remedy it.. The defect was that in both the Roberts machine and his prior machine the feed rolls could not be separated. Both these machines provided for the separation of the supporting roll and scouring roll by the movement of the treadle, but no means were provided for the separation of the feed rolls by the same movement. To McDonald's mind the separation of the supporting roll and scouring roll was old with Roberts and himself, while the separation of the feed rolls was a new conception originating with him; and he considered this an important improvement on the prior. machin.es, because by this means the operator was enabled to withdraw the hide when improperly fed. This was the principal contribution to the art which McD.onald believed he had made by the patent in suit. This is clearly shown by the file wrapper and contents, which was not before the court in either of the two prior cases where this patent was under consideration. In the original application the first" claim of the patent was as follows: "In machines for, unhairing and scouring skins and hides, the feed roll, D, in combination with the treadle, F, and SUitable connecting mechanism, whereby tile 1'Qllsmay be separated' and held apart, substantially as described, and for the llttrposes set forth." The examiner held that this claim was anticipated by patent, of October 10, 1871; the Roberts patent, of November 7, 1876; ,the Larrabee patent, of July 24, 1877. He also said: "It is proper to add that it is common, in leather-working machines, to provIde vertical adto rolls or cylinders by means of levers and their intennediate devices." To this the applicant replied, October 22, 1878, through his authorized attorney, T. W. Olarke, that the Coogan patent did not describe feeding rolls which could operate to feed a hide; that, while Roberts describes a pressure rql1which can be moved with respect to the scouring roll, the adjustment is not applied to the feed roll, and no adjustment Is shown for the purpose of holding one roll from another in order thatiUl improperly fed skin may be Withdrawn for the purpose of again properly 'presenting it to the feeding rolls; that the Lan'abee machine shows but one feed roll; that the drum described the Larrabee patent as a work-supporting cylindeI has a movement in relation to the scouring roll, but none in relation to the feed roll; that the movement in relation to the scouring roll, is for the purpose of feeding the pressure of the roll upon the hide; and that there is no provision by Which the hide can be
withdrawn after It has once commenced to feed. The first claim was therefore withdrawn, and the following substituted: "(1) In machines for unhairing and scouring skins and hides, in which two feed rolls are employed in feeding the hide or skin to the scouring roll, D, provided with a vertical movement in relation to the feed roll, D', by means of the treadle, F, and suitable connecting mechanism with said feed roll, D, whereby the said rolls may be separated and beld apart, sUbstantially as described, and for the pUI1)Oses set forth." Mr. Clarke further says in this same communication: "The applicant is that it is common, in leather-working machines, to provide vertical adjust· ments to rolls or cylinders by means of levers and their intermediate connections; but he is not aware that these adjustments have been made in machines for unhairing, working out, and scouring skins and hides for the pur· pose of enabling a workman to withdraw a skin or hide that has become wrinkled or folded upon itself in the feeding, so that by supporting the feed roll, and by moving the supporting roll from the scouring roll, the skin may be drawn back by the operative, and again fed, without the necessity of feeding the same through the machine, slopping the machine, removing it from the pile on the other side to again feed it to the feed rolls, which it is necessary to do with the machines now in use." That is, the principal idea that lay in McDonald's mind was to have the two feed rolls separate in a four-roll machine, and you will obsenTe that in these communications with the patent office that idea is pressed upon the examiner as the leading and principal improvement in his patent. In the prior Roberts machine there existed only the separation of the work roll and the supporting roll. In the prior McDonald patent that same feature is found. Now, McDonald said it is necessary to separate the feed rolls in order that the operator may be able to withdraw a hide which is improperly presented; to remedy, in other words, the defect of permitting the hide to pass entirell' through the machine, fall upon the other side, and then to be taken up and presented to the rrachine again. The applicant, through Mr. Clarke, still further follows up and enforces this view of his patent in· his dealings or correspondence with the patent office. Under date of October 28, 1878, the examiner, in reply to the last communication from the appliClj.nt's attorney, uses this language: "It is not unusual to provide two feed rolls in a leather-working machine, and the employment of levers and springs as means fOl' adjustment has been shown to be old," At that date, therefore, the amended claim-the first claim of the applicationstood rejected. To that communication from the examiner, Mr. Clarke replies, under date of November 14, 1878, in part, as follows: "In presenting a hide or skin to feeding rolls, the same is liable to become folded upon itself, if not properly fed; and, if a hide is so fed that it shall be presented in a folded or wrinkled state to the unhairing or scouring roll, it, of course, will be Imperfectly dehalred or scoured. In all the inventions heretofore employed for unhairing and scouring, no proviS'ion has been made for withdrawing the hide or skin from between the feeding rolls before it is operated upon by the scouring roll; and consequently every hide or skin that was not fed in a perfectly fiat condition, so that no wrinkles or folds could occur therein, had to pass entirely through the machine, imperfectly scoured or unhaired, and required to be again passed through the machine, in a perfectly fiat condition, in order to perfectly free it from hair, or work it. ThUS, in imperfectly nnhairing and scouring one hide, there was consumed time enough for perfectly scouring two hides. If, however, the hide could have been withdrawn before it reached the scouring roll, by separating and holding apart the feed roll, the time would have been saved. Mr. McDonald has discovered that it is possible to save this time, and he effects it in a way which seems very simple after he had accomplished it, but nevertheless was entirely unknown and unpracticed· before he conceived it; that idea being the separation of the feed rolls. The conception of the separation of the working roU and the scouring roll was old. He accomplishes it by so supporting and actuating one of the feed rolls that it can not only be lifted by the movement of the lever, but it can be beld apart sufficiently long to withdrawn the hide if improperly presented. Mr. McDonald was as well aware that rolls had been given movements or adju.stments in relation to other rolls, in certain classes of machines, as he was that the feeding roUs of an unhairing machine had never been organized to accomplish
.the;result thll.theacCQ-nplishes. His invention CQllslsts, :Mtin moving one :J»ll,tI:QUl 'another"i-for the same is veryQ1d/ not only In 'leather-working macaines, butina rgreat variety of devices.where it is' desirable to increase or ,lessentllespacebetween rolls,-but it"ldo.esCQnslst in movil\g one roll for another at a certain time for a certainpuxpose, and in a certain machine; and :there is as' IIl:UCh inv,ention in moving" iii 1'OU,at a certain time for a certain isindisCQveriIl':tl1at one roll may be separated from given the other fOJi'lthepUl"P0ses of any desirable and new adjustment. Mr. MeDonald'sinvenf}on does not depend u;ponthe means for separating the rolls aloue, but:it f,wt4er dependsllp<ln the time when said separation is to be employed; and M:l.'oiMcDonald,· so far as the references ,show, is the first man who has arrallgeditwo, feed rolls so' that:one of them may be lifted and held at a certain time to. accomplish a certain speeifiedresult." The letter then considel1s more in detail the three references to which the patent office ,referred the applicant in the first communication which was made to him., ',' ,'rho' letter further says, "I am so firm in my conviction that neither of,the·thre;e:references cited meet the !nventionof Mr: McDonald that I will incorlKtl$te the following amendment in the specification." He then Ineorporate into the specification the amendment which remains now as a ,part of the patent. That amendment points out and describes the Coogan machine, the Roberts machine, and the Larrabee machine, and then ,follows, this language: "But neither the boarding, pebbling, and glossing machine of Ooogan, with Its rolls revolving in the same direction to calTY the endQf a. folded sheet of leather. in an' opposite direction, nor the de·vice in the RQberts machine for pressing a hide against a pressure roll, nor the me<:hanisUlsllow.n III the :EIarringtonpatent for pressing abide against a knife cylillderwithout changing its relative position to the other feed roll, CQnstitute the spirit. of my inV'entlon; and neither of the three patents show or describe two feed rolls f()r feeding a skin to a scouring roll, so arranged in rel,atlon to each other and to thescoul'ing roll that one of said rolls may be lifted from the other and held apart while a hide which has been improperly fed IlldJ,'Rwn baek by the operator before it has passed the scouring ,roll, to be prOplilrly fed to the said scouring roll, which constitutes the spirit of my i n v e n t i o n . " . . Then follows an amended first claim in the following language, to be substituted for the)l4!t amended first claim, which was rej.ected. "In a machine for unhairing, scouring, and working out skins and hides, in which two feed rolls are employed in feeding .the hide or sltill to the scouring roll, the combination with said, sCQwing roll of the feed roll, one of which Is provided with a vertical movellWnt in relation to the other by any suitable means whereby the said rolls may ,be separated and held apart· when desirable, for the purposes stated." That further amended first claim was rejected in a communication from the examiner dated November 19,1878. In a further CQmmunlcationfrom the examiner, daW<l,Novem'ber 27, 1878, we find the follQwlng language: "The last amendment and argument has been carefully CQnsidered, It has been shown by pertinent references that allombinatlon of coacting rolls and a lever-adjusting mechanism is not novel. In fact it .is' common, in most leather and hide working machines, to proylde adjustment ,with relation to each other, where feed rolllil·!U'e employed. bef()re carefUl examination. It Is obvious in this case that the novelty, so far as the lever mechanism Is Involved, consists in the pecul;i.ar ·arrangement 'of such mechanism, whereby, from a single movement of the lever, the feed :rolls are separated, and the supporting roll is adjusted relative to the liICQurlng roll." That is, the examlner says, in substance: "M;r. McDonald, you:can have no patent for the separation of tile · two feedroUs by the lever mechanism, because that feature Is old; but you may have a patent for the: combination of that feature with the other feature of the separation of the work roll from the supporting roll, both sets of rolls being separated by a single movement of the lever. You admit that the separation,,ofthe :work roll and the supp<lrting roll is old, We hold against your that the separation of the two feed rolls by a movement of the lever is old. but you may have a claim for the combination of those two ·elements operated by single movement of the lever." But: the applicant still remained unsatisfied. He still presses upon the pat-
ent office that the spirit of his invention is the opening of the two feed rolls combined with a work roll, in an unhairing machine, by lever mechanism; and in a communication from Mr. Clarke, dated November 23, 1878, we find the following comments: "Office letter of Nov. 19, in relation to the abovenamed application, is at hand, and contents noted. From its contents, I perceive that the examiner does not fully comprehend the nature of the applicant's invention. I therefore desire once again to call his attention to the matter, and I will make such a comparison between the invention of Mr. McDonald and the cited references as will show that the subject-matter of the claim, as it was intended to word it, is not found in any of the references cited, and that such adjustment can only be of use in an unhairing machine, and that none of the references cited as analogous machines describe, or in any way show or hint at, any such combination. The claim also is erased, and a more specific one inserted in lieu thereof, to more clearly express Mr. McDonald's invention." You will observe that these changes in the claim represent an effort on the part of the applicant to make more specific what his invention is, and that it relates to the feed rolls alone, the capacity of separation, with a work roll in an unhairing machine. This first claim now assumes this form: "In a machine for unhairing, scouring, and working out skins and hides, which contain.s a pair of feed rolls to feed the skin to the scouring roll, and a scouring roll to work the same, the combination with the scouring roll of a pair of feed rolls, one of which is provided with suitable means of adjustment to and from the other feed roll, without changing the relations of the feed apparatus to the scouring roll, substantially as described." This certainly does not claim anything set forth and shown in either of the references, and is not itself shown in either of the mechanisms referred to. The boarding machine of Coogan has only two rollers, not three, and therefore is lacking in one element, and a very important one, of the combination. Both his rollers are working rollers, while only one of the applicant's three is, in the same sense, a working roller. The Hoberts machine, patent Nu 184,175, has, again, only two rolls in the described combination; or, if you add to the combination containing the adjustable roll, the feed rolls, it is a combination of four rolls, two of which are working rolls, and adjustable to and from each other, the other two of which are feed rolls, and are not adjustable to and from each other. In our case there are but two rolls, and the feed rolls contain the adjustability, and not the working rolls. In the Harrington machine, we come upon the machine which has three rolls, one of which has a working roll, as in our case. The other two are feed rolls, and one of the feed rolls is movable, and swings upon the axis of the other to and from the scouring roll, thus acting as a working roll or pressure roll, as in the case of the Roberts machine. But this machine does not embody the combination of feed rolls adjustable to various gauges, with a scouring roll set with relation to the feed rolls at an unvariable gauge, but it embodies the combination of a scouring roll set at a variable gauge with one of the feed rolls; that is, the scouring roll is set at a variable gauge with one of the feed rolls in the Larrabee of Harrington deviee. 1.'he feed roll may be moved towards the scouring roll. It is not the time when the adjustment of the roll takes place that is important. It is the act that the machine is performing, and the error that it falls into, that has led to this improvement; and it is clear that if such an error should be committed by the Harrington machine as the one we are providing against,-that error being the wrong presentation of the hide, and the capacity to withdrllw it by the workman,-it could not be corrected in the same way. It could not be corrected in the same way in the Larrabee or Harrington machine, because, according to the applicant's interpretation of that machine, the feed rolls had no motion with respect to each other. But it is also true that the Roberts machine presents 110 method analogous to this for cot'recting a similar error in the working machine; and inasmuch as the Coogan machine eannot do the work which this machine proposes to do, and has no scouring roll whatever, and no feed rolls, but simply a pair of kneading rolls or dragging rolls, it is useless to consider that reference any further. 'rhen follows this significant language: "It is therefore obvious that the combination which the applicant claims, embodying the peculiar featmes of a pair
FEDERAL, BEPOllTER,
of, adjustable¢pping rolls in combination with a working roll, towards whIch rpllsare not adjustable" (tJ:!.ll-tbeing the peculiar feature of the L/lJ'rabeemachine),,"and with of the gripping rolls performs the function of r<>ll" (thatis, neither of the feed rolls, according to the Ilpirit of the McDonald patent, performs the function of a pressure roll), "has not been anticipated, so far as any reference yet given has shown. And It mUSt also be obvious that the claim, as now presented, indlcates"-what? ,IFairly, the peculiarity of this invention, and is not broader than the invention en<ls the correspondence with the patent ofiice. itself." ,What followed? The applicant accepted the position taken by the patent office, and the' patent was issued as we ,now find it. The patent ofiice said, in substance, to McDonald: ','You cannot have a claim for what you consider as the spirit Invention, namely, two feed rolls so arranged with reference to eacb other and to a scouring 1'\>11 that one of said feed rolls may be lifted from the other and held apart while ,a hide which has been improperly fed is ckawn back by the operator before it has passed the scouring roll; but you, D1aY have a ,claim for t):lis feature, which is old, in combination with an· other feature which you admit Is old. In other w()rds, you may have a claim tor or combination whereby, from a single movement'ofilie lever, the feed ,rolls are separated, and the supporting roll Is ad· justed to the scouring roll." This position was accepted by McDonald, and tIl,e pateJ,lt ",as issued. I think the proceedings in the patent ofiice, and the language of the specifica· tion, shoW that McDonald never contemplated, as included within his inven· tion, a feed roll which performed the double function of a feed and pressure roll. Indeed, 'when he has referred to such a roll in the Larrabee machine, he denies that his feed roll has any such double function. He says, in substance, that hiS feed rolls do not perform the fu:nction of a pressure roll, and that his feed roll is not adjustable towards the scouring roll. It was natural for blm to say this, for this was the type of the three-roll machines as represented by Larrabee, Weed, and and he was dealing with a four-roll machine of the Roberts ,class. I think it may be fairly said that McDo:nald has disclaimed the use in his machine of a single feed roll which has the additional function of a pressure roll. If, however, we assume that no such llmItation exists, we are met with a further dlffl.culty, assuming that the patent Is :not thus limited , It the first tW(\ claims In the, patent are to be interpreted without regard to what took place in the patent office, or to.'the recital in the specification of the patent to which I have referred, we must then examine the scope of those elalms. The first claim covers broadly the combination with feed rolls and a supporting roll of a lever and intermediate mechanism. whereby, by a single movement of the lever, the feed rolls are separated, and the supporting roll adjusted to the scouring roll; and the second claim is for the feed rvlls which can be separated, and a scouring roll and a supporting roll which can be separated, the tntermediate mechanism not being specifically made a part of this claim. These claims, as I interpret them, include only the four rolls, and the moons for separating them by a single movement of the lever. Now, if we say that thf1se claims are not limited to the use of four rolls, but that they covel' a machine with three rolls, in which the lower feed roll acts both as a feed and pressure roll, then we are met by the Weed patent, where by a sin.gle movement of the lever the lower feed, roll Is separated from the upper feed roll and the work roll. This patent appears to have escaped the attention of the patent office. Whether Weed used the same or a dllferent kind of work roll makes no difference, provided that the essential thing was present in his machine, of separating all the rolls by a single movement of the lever or treadle. Nor does the fact that the act of pressing the foot on the treadle in the Weed machine brings the rolls together, while the same act in the McDonald machine releases the rolls, seem to be regarded by McDonald as a part of his invention. I was at first inclined to attach importance to this distinction, but upon refiection,· supplemented by the evidence, I am satisfied J was mistaken. The circumstance that the rolls are held together by spring pressure in the McDonald machine is not an element in these claims. The words "substantially as described" do not enlarge the terms of a claim beyond what is mentioned or referred to in the claim as the elements of the combiwv
tion. If, therefore, these claims of the McDonald patent are to receive the broad construction which their language justifies, they are by Weed. In the old equity case of McDonald v. Whitney, 24 Fed. 600, the-'veed patent was not before the court. It being admitted in the present case that the defendant's machine is constructed with three rolls, the lower feed roll both as a feed and pressure roll, I must direct a verdict for the defendant, on the ground that there is no evidence to go to the jury to support the charge of infringement.
James Milton Hall, for plaintiffs in error. Joshua H. Millett and Ralph W. Foster, for defendant in error. Before PUTNAM, Oircuit Judge, and NELSON and WEBB, District Judges. PUTNAM, Oircuit Judge. When this case was before this court on a prior occasion, the exceptions were not framed to bring before us the issue which is now raised as to the construction of the plaintiffs' patent, but only the proper manner of submitting to the jury certain other issues, which, it was not disputed, were proper to be submitted to it in some form. We are now asked to consider the question raised by the following extract from the record:
"After the evidence was allin, and couno;el had submitted requests for rulings, the presiding judge directed the jury to return a verdict for the defendant on the ground that there was no evidence to go to the jury to support the charge of infringement, and ruled as follows: The evidence being closed in this case, and the requests for rulings having been presented by the counsel upon both sides, I am prepared now to state the conclusions that I have reached with respect to the construction of the McDonald patent in suit, which has an important bearing upon the case. I am of opinion that the McDonald invention, described in claims 1 and 2 of his patent of December 10, 1878, must be limited to a machine containing two feed rolls, a supporting roll, and a scouring roll, and that a machine which contains three rolls-the lower roU acting as a combined feed roll and a sup-porting roll-is not within the patent."
What follows this need not be recited at this point, as it only gives the explanation by the presiding judge of the reasons governing his conclusion. As it does not appear that the defendant below asked that a verdict should be directed for him for any particular reason specified by him, or that he in any way limited himself, it follows that if the conclusion of the circuit court was right the reasons which led to that conclusion afford plaintiffs below no ground of question in this court. In the extract we have made from the record the issue is first put as one of infringement, but subsequently it is stated ;lS one of construction of the plaintiffs' patent. Either way of stating it may be said to be correct. When the essence of an alleged infringing machine is not in dispute, so that the question of infringement by it turns so plainly on the true construction of the patent alleged to be infringed that, such construction being ascertained or not in dispute, a verdict in one direction ought to be set aside as against the weight of evidence, then, under the rule as now understood, the court ought to direct a verdict in the other direction; and under such circumstances the issue of infringement is essentially the same as that of the construction of the patent in suit. In the case at bar there was no dispute as to the essence of defendant's
machine, and thel'ecanbe,no,teasonable question of fact that, uPOI! otleconstrqction of the patent, defendant's machine in'ringed it, ahd upon another that it did not. And if, therefore, the constructi<m of plaintiffs' plltent was .for the determination of the court, either on the face of the patent, or on the face of the patent in connection only. with. facts 9f' auch :aature that their existence and effect could not be reasonably disputed, it follows that the entire issue of infringement wast practically for the court, however it might have been with isme80f novelty and patentability, or other issues which might have, 1;)een raised if the issue of infringement could properly have' been submitted to the jury, or determined for the plaintiffs. So far as concerns what is for the court and What for the jury, there is no essepttal distinction between patents for inventions and other Primarily, the construction of all of them is for the court; alia yet all such, under seal, and, under some circumsfa#ces" solemn·, of judicial tribunals, have reiation to which.. J1l.ustbe determined bythe jury before the can be finally settled. In such Instances the is,sue is often spoken of as one of mixed law and fact. Yet, the d<mbtful deterIl1ined, remains for t!Ie <iourt, though fprm where, verdIcts are general and not speCIal ,may have a·different appearance. Where the facts are not in dispute, or, are s? and.of SO" clear effect they come 'WIthm, the rules fO,r ,du;ectmg verdIcts, the constructIOn of the instrument remains thro:ughout practically for the court, even though under the form of directing the jury what determination to roake. 'This was -the precise, condition of this case in the circuit court. 11 is, quite probable,tliat, if the question of infringement could have been determined in favor of plaintiffs, other issues would have followed,whichmul;thave gone to the jury. Such issues have been disCussed before TIl!; but, if the issue of infringement was correctly determined in connection with the construction of the patent in SUit, we have no occasion to refer to others, except to remark that it was not necessary to send the case to the jury on account of contingencies which might have made these important, but did not. Holding these rules in view, the case becomes very simple. The progress of MeDonald's application through the patent office was clearly and fully explained byihelearned judge in the circuit court; but we need not refer to it, except briefly. The first claim, as originally offered, was as follows:
"In macbines for unbairing and scouring' skins and bides, the feed roll, D, in combination with the treadle, F, and suitable connecting mechanism, wbereby the rolls may 'be ,separated and beld apart, substantially as described, and for the purposes ,set,forth."
There was'also, originally,
a $econd claim, as follows:
"In macbines for scouring and unbairing and wOlking bides and skins, the combination of the supporting roll, G, with the treadle, F, and suitable connecting mecbanism, whereby the' same may be moved and beld from the scouring roll, substantially as and for the purposes set forth,"
These w'ere' each rejected as having been anticipated by prior patents, and for the additional reason, given by the examiner, that "it is common, in leather-working machines, to provide vertical adjustment to rolls or cylinders by means of levers and their intermediate devices." McDonald acquiesced in the position of the examiner; and the final result was the first claim as it now stands, covering a combination which, according to its letter, contains, as elements, two feed rolls, a pressure roll, and a working all, four distinct rolls, arranged in two sets, with levers for opening each set simultaneously. The second claim was originally drawn as the third claim, and was in essence the same as the first claim now is, and has always so remained. The proceedings therefore involve a clear and unquestionable disclaimer, by amendment, of a combination which adjusts merely one feed roll or one pressure roll with reference to another roll, even under all the limitations of the rule touching this. form of disclaimer fully stated by this court in Reece Button-Hole Mach. Co. v. Globe Button-Hole Mach. Co., 61 Fed. 958. 1 Neither is the effect of this amendment complicated by the proposition now made, that McDonald was the first to construct a machine in which the rolls were closed when the machine was in its normal condition, and that this was a distinguishing feature of his combination, to be protected by the doctrine of This particular of his machine appeared in his first and second claims as first drawn, so that, if this was a feature of novelty or a function of his invention, these claims, as thus drawn, should have been allowed; and it followS that his disClaimer by amendment covers this feature or function also. Now, with reference to the adjustment of the rolls, the record principle of the shows clearly the construction, operation, alleged infringing machine, and in this connection there can be no dispute nor obscurity. Plaintiffs' deClaration contains a ando, covering the period from the 5th day of August, ,1885, to the date of the writ, and we have no concern with the somewhat different machines built by the defendant between 1881 and 1885. The defendant's machines involved in this suit are clearly described in the record as having three rolls,held together by spring pressure and a treadle and lever mechanism, by which all the rolls are simultaneously separated by a single movement of the lever. It appears by the record that this machine has the feature, apparently common to all three-roll machines, by which one roll serves the purpose of both a feed roll and a pressure roll; and the separation in the defendant's machine in controversy, the record says, is brought about by this feed and pressure roll moving away from the upper feed roll and the work or scouring roll. In another place in the record the operation in this particular is described in the following language:
"The Whitney machine has an upper feed roll and a lOWer teed roll, so that it has two feeding poInts. The upper feed roll and the lower roll, Ing together, do nothing but feed the hide along, precisely the same as the
upper feed roll and the lower feed roll feed it along in the McDonald, and they
havo no other funetion. The lower feed or pressure and the work rolls in the Whl1;ney are also feeders. The rubber or lower roll acts as a feed roll upon the surface next to the upper feed roll. It acts as a feed roll also upon the next to the work roll. At that last-mentioned point it also acts as a pressure.roll to make this roll work; that is, unhair the hide,"
Again, on page .20:
.It thus appears that in the operation, ot the alleged infringing machine only one rQll is adjusted or mQved. The proceedings in the patent office disclaim, as old, the use of atreadle and levers by which a single roll can be operated and adjusted; and McD,onald's invention was thus admittedly limited to .the more complicated system of lev!:.rsand connections required to operate simultaneously, easily, and for practical purposes, two rolls, .each of them embraced in different sets of rolls in the same machine. Whether, in any event, anything .claimed by plaintiffs to have by McDonald involved invention, within the rebeen quirements of the patent laws, or whether he was anticipated, exceptso far as admitted by the proceedings in the patent office, or whether the general principles of the defendant's machine are the same, or its mercantile qualities depend on the same general features, as the plaintiffs', we do- not determine. If the c,ase turned on any of these issues, the law might have compelled the court below to ask the aid of a jury touching it; but, as the case in fact stands, they can all be aBsumed to be as maintained by plaintiffs, or passed by entirely, because' the case is disposed of before their consideration is reached. We refer to them again only to make sure that it is not misunderstood that we are dealing only with the face of the patent, and with undisputable facts of the character which we have. described. To return, therefore, to our last proposition, we add· that each of the two claims of plaintiffs' patent under consideration,harmonize with that .proposition by the use in this particular of clear and positive expressions. Each of them, in terms, includes two full sets of rolls as elements in the combination. The rule, prima facie, is that, while the use of equivalents for an element in a combination is not lawful, yet a combination which does not includeall the elements does not infringe. There maybe exceptions where the nature of the invention is of such a primary or broad character that it is plain some of the elements named are unessential; in other words,where the invention is so broad that the range of equivalents. will be correspondingly ,broad, under the liberal construction which the courts give to such inventions. Miller v. ManufacturingOo., ;t51U. S. 207, 14 Sup. Ot. 310. But there is no reasonable basis for maintaining, either as a matter of law or fact, that is op.tside of the rule applied to ordinary combinations in M;eter 00. v. Desper, 101 U.S. 832; Fay'v. Oordesman, 109 U. S. 408, -420, 421,3 Sup. Ot. 236; Knapp v. Morss, 150 U. S. 221, 228, 229, 14 Sup. Ot. 81; and Dunham v. Manufacturing 00. 154 U. S. 103, 14 Sup. Ct. 986.
on the.treadle in the Whitney machine throwS the lower roll out in a lateral direction, and releases it from the work roll, and also from the feed roll above, and it releases the hide from two points,"
The rely on Royer v. Belting Co., 135 U. S. 319, 10 Sup" Ct. 833, laying down the rule that the question of what is a primary or pioneer patent, and also the question of the differences between the patented machine and the alleged infringing machine, are for the jury; but even in this case the court (page 325, 135 U. S., and page 833, 10 Sup. Ct.) recognizes the exception that these questions are not to go to the jury when, if a verdict should be found on them for the plaintiff, it would be proper for the court to set it aside. That in the present case any finding of a jury that McDonald's in· vention, in whatever form it could reasonably be stated by the plaintiffs, was excepted from the practical application of the rule touching mere combinations stated in the cases cited, could not be accepted by the court, and that there are no facts in the case which, on any reasonable theory, could state the mechanical principles of McDonald's machine and of the alleged infringing. machine, so far as they are now involved, other than as we have stated them, are plain propositions. The reference to the Larrabee patent in McDonald's specifications, on which the appellants rely, instead of weighing against our propositions, adds to them. It is referred to, with other patents, for the purpose of stating that neither of them "show or describe two feed rolls for feeding a hide or skin to .the scouring roll," etc. In the absence of qualifying matter, the fair interpretation of this expression is the literal one. The appellants rely on the fact that the patented machine was the first successful one, and on the fact that it had great commercial success. The decisions touching the effect of these propositions are so numerous and modern that they need not be referred to cifically, but they limit the application of them to doubtful cases turning on questions of utility or patentable invention. They have no- pertinency to cases which turn on the construction of the patent. We think no well-authenticated case can be found where they have been admitted with reference to such issues. On the whole the majority of the court are satisfied with the conclusion of the circuit court. The decree of the circuit court is affirmed.
FRENCH v. KRELING et aL (Circuit Court, N. D. California. August 13, 1894.)
One who produces an opera without authority from the author must account to him f()l the profits, where such opera has never been circulated or pubUshed, though copies had been printed for the private convenience of performers, In learning their parts.
Bill for an accounting by T. H. French against Joseph Kreling and others. There was a decree for plaintiff, as prayed. Joseph D. Redding, for complainant.


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I hope these 15 tweets can provide an adequate distraction from the real world.
"Son, when I was your age we had to walk 50 miles uphill, in the snow with no shoes just to find out if hot, local singles were in the area"
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Total bs that when Sleeping Beauty spends all day in bed she's a "beautiful princess," but when I do the same I'm "clinically depressed."
— Sarah (@thetigersez) October 31, 2014
*pops out of cake* my knees hurt from crouching
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Have you tried that cool new brunch place? It serves eggs, but like, it's more expensive and there's not enough room for people to be there.
— Dave Thomason (@dave_thomason) May 29, 2016
Garfield creator breaks silence to give impassioned speech. "It's pronounced Jarfield" he says through tears
— Shawn (@online_shawn) December 10, 2014
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east coast:
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— Mike F (@mikefossey) May 25, 2016
Ah, Mr. Bond… Welcome. I was expecting you, but not for another 20 minutes, which is why I'm tossing unfolded laundry into my spare room.
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— goth turtle (@dubstep4dads) June 7, 2016
Judge: You're sentenced to death. You'll be hung.
Wife from the back: HE'S ALREADY HUNG.
Me: Your Honor uncuff me so I can high five my wife
— ibid (@ibid78) December 23, 2014
me: [performing autopsy] so I've been practicing my ventriloquism
assistant: now's not the time
corpse: aw come on
— Cat Damon (@CornOnTheGoblin) May 27, 2016
Reserved for pregnant women to pee on their babies pic.twitter.com/PASCYkYPoa
— tanks (@Burger_Time_) July 27, 2015
Does anyone ever put a chip with too much dip on it into their mouth, then shove a second chip in there to even out the chip to dip ratio?
— elizabeth williams (@Elizasoul80) November 17, 2014
Violence is never the answer, unless you're asking me what I named my boat.
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Answering Machine: You have *ZERO* new messages
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Me: k
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— Poorly Drawn Turtle (@NoTheOtherJohn) March 9, 2016
[prison riot]
*standing over my origami ducks* "GO AROUND! GO AROUND!"
— Tommytoughstuff (@Tommytoughstuff) July 29, 2015