text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|9 Nov 2010
|Filing date
|7 Mar 2005
|Priority date
|7 Mar 2005
|Fee status
|Also published as
|Publication number
|Frank Zhenhuan Liu, Huafeng Wen
|Original Assignee
|Align Technology, Inc.
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (57), Referenced by (2), Classifications (9), Legal Events (3)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
This application generally relates to the field of dental care, and more particularly to the field of orthodontics.
The present invention is also related to concurrently filed and commonly assigned U.S. patent application titled "Producing physical dental arch model having individually adjustable tooth models" by Liu et al, U.S. patent application titled "Dental aligner for providing accurate dental treatment" by Liu et al, U.S. patent application titled "Fluid permeable dental aligner" by Huafeng Wen, and U.S. patent application titled "Disposal dental aligner" by Huafeng Wen.
The present invention is also related to commonly assigned U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/979,823, titled "Method and apparatus for manufacturing and constructing a physical dental arch model" by Huafeng Wen, filed Nov. 2, 2004, U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/979,497, titled "Method and apparatus for manufacturing and constructing a dental aligner" by Huafeng Wen, filed Nov. 2, 2004, U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/979,504, titled "Producing an adjustable physical dental arch model" by Huafeng Wen, filed Nov. 2, 2004, and U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/979,824, titled "Producing a base for physical dental arch model" by Huafeng Wen, filed Nov. 2, 2004. The disclosure of these related applications are incorporated herein by reference.
The present invention is also related to commonly assigned U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/013,152, titled "A base for physical dental arch model" by Huafeng Wen, filed Dec. 14, 2004, commonly assigned U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/012,924, titled "Accurately producing a base for physical dental arch model" by Huafeng Wen, filed Dec. 14, 2004, commonly assigned U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/013,145, titled "Fabricating a base compatible with physical dental tooth models" by Huafeng Wen, filed Dec. 14, 2004, commonly assigned U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/013,156, titled "Producing non-interfering tooth models on a base" by Huafeng Wen, filed Dec. 14, 2004, commonly assigned U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/013,160, titled "System and methods for casting physical tooth model" by Huafeng Wen, filed Dec. 14, 2004, commonly assigned U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/013,159, titled "Producing a base for accurately receiving dental tooth models" by Huafeng Wen, and filed Dec. 14, 2004, commonly assigned U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/013,157, titled "Producing accurate base for dental arch model" by Huafeng Wen, filed Dec. 14, 2004. The disclosure of these related applications are incorporated herein by reference.
Orthodontics is the practice of manipulating a patient's teeth to provide better function and appearance. In general, brackets are bonded to a patient's teeth and coupled together with an arched wire. The combination of the brackets and wire provide a force on the teeth causing them to move. Once the teeth have moved to a desired location and are held in a place for a certain period of time, the body adapts bone and tissue to maintain the teeth in the desired location. To further assist in retaining the teeth in the desired location, a patient may be fitted with a retainer.
To achieve tooth movement, orthodontists utilize their expertise to first determine a three-dimensional mental image of the patient's physical orthodontic structure and a three-dimensional mental image of a desired physical orthodontic structure for the patient, which may be assisted through the use of x-rays and/or models. Based on these mental images, the orthodontist further relies on his/her expertise to place the brackets and/or bands on the teeth and to manually bend (i.e., shape) wire, such that a force is asserted on the teeth to reposition the teeth into the desired physical orthodontic structure. As the teeth move towards the desired location, the orthodontist makes continual judgments as to the progress of the treatment, the next step in the treatment (e.g., new bend in the wire, reposition or replace brackets, is head gear required, etc.), and the success of the previous step.
In general, the orthodontist makes manual adjustments to the wire and/or replaces or repositions brackets based on his or her expert opinion. Unfortunately, in the oral environment, it is impossible for a human being to accurately develop a visual three-dimensional image of an orthodontic structure due to the limitations of human sight and the physical structure of a human mouth. In addition, it is humanly impossible to accurately estimate three-dimensional wire bends (with an accuracy within a few degrees) and to manually apply such bends to a wire. Further, it is humanly impossible to determine an ideal bracket location to achieve the desired orthodontic structure based on the mental images. It is also extremely difficult to manually place brackets in what is estimated to be the ideal location. Accordingly, orthodontic treatment is an iterative process requiring multiple wire changes, with the process success and speed being very much dependent on the orthodontist's motor skills and diagnostic expertise. As a result of multiple wire changes, patient discomfort is increased as well as the cost. As one would expect, the quality of care varies greatly from orthodontist to orthodontist as does the time to treat a patient.
As described, the practice of orthodontic is very much an art, relying on the expert opinions and judgments of the orthodontist. In an effort to shift the practice of orthodontic from an art to a science, many innovations have been developed. For example, U.S. Pat. No. 5,518,397 issued to Andreiko, et. al. provides a method of forming an orthodontic brace. Such a method includes obtaining a model of the teeth of a patient's mouth and a prescription of desired positioning of such teeth. The contour of the teeth of the patient's mouth is determined, from the model. Calculations of the contour and the desired positioning of the patient's teeth are then made to determine the geometry (e.g., grooves or slots) to be provided. Custom brackets including a special geometry are then created for receiving an arch wire to form an orthodontic brace system. Such geometry is intended to provide for the disposition of the arched wire on the bracket in a progressive curvature in a horizontal plane and a substantially linear configuration in a vertical plane. The geometry of the brackets is altered, (e.g., by cutting grooves into the brackets at individual positions and angles and with particular depth) in accordance with such calculations of the bracket geometry. In such a system, the brackets are customized to provide three-dimensional movement of the teeth, once the wire, which has a two dimensional shape (i.e., linear shape in the vertical plane and curvature in the horizontal plane), is applied to the brackets.
Other innovations relating to bracket and bracket placements have also been patented. For example, such patent innovations are disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,618,716 entitled "Orthodontic Bracket and Ligature" a method of ligating arch wires to brackets, U.S. Pat. No. 5,011,405 "Entitled Method for Determining Orthodontic Bracket Placement," U.S. Pat. No. 5,395,238 entitled "Method of Forming Orthodontic Brace," and U.S. Pat. No. 5,533,895 entitled "Orthodontic Appliance and Group Standardize Brackets therefore and methods of making, assembling and using appliance to straighten teeth".
Kuroda et al. (1996) Am. J. Orthodontics 110:365-369 describes a method for laser scanning a plaster dental cast to produce a digital image of the cast. See also U.S. Pat. No. 5,605,459. U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,533,895; 5,474,448; 5,454,717; 5,447,432; 5,431,562; 5,395,238; 5,368,478; and 5,139,419, assigned to Ormco Corporation, describe methods for manipulating digital images of teeth for designing orthodontic appliances.
U.S. Pat. No. 5,011,405 describes a method for digitally imaging a tooth and determining optimum bracket positioning for orthodontic treatment. Laser scanning of a molded tooth to produce a three-dimensional model is described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,338,198. U.S. Pat. No. 5,452,219 describes a method for laser scanning a tooth model and milling a tooth mold. Digital computer manipulation of tooth contours is described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,607,305 and 5,587,912. Computerized digital imaging of the arch is described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,342,202 and 5,340,309.
Other patents of interest include U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,549,476; 5,382,164; 5,273,429; 4,936,862; 3,860,803; 3,660,900; 5,645,421; 5,055,039; 4,798,534; 4,856,991; 5,035,613; 5,059,118; 5,186,623; and 4,755,139.
The key to efficiency in treatment and maximum quality in results is a realistic simulation of the treatment process. Today's orthodontists have the possibility of taking plaster models of the upper and lower arch, cutting the model into single tooth models and sticking these tooth models into a wax bed, lining them up in the desired position, the so-called set-up. This approach allows for reaching a perfect occlusion without any guessing. The next step is to bond a bracket at every tooth model. This would tell the orthodontist the geometry of the wire to run through the bracket slots to receive exactly this result. The next step involves the transfer of the bracket position to the original malocclusion model. To make sure that the brackets will be bonded at exactly this position at the real patient's teeth, small templates for every tooth would have to be fabricated that fit over the bracket and a relevant part of the tooth and allow for reliable placement of the bracket on the patient's teeth. To increase efficiency of the bonding process, another option would be to place each single bracket onto a model of the malocclusion and then fabricate one single transfer tray per arch that covers all brackets and relevant portions of every tooth. Using such a transfer tray guarantees a very quick and yet precise bonding using indirect bonding.
U.S. Pat. No. 5,431,562 to Andreiko et al. describes a computerized, appliance-driven approach to orthodontics. In this method, first certain shape information of teeth is acquired. A uniplanar target arcform is calculated from the shape information. The shape of customized bracket slots, the bracket base, and the shape of the orthodontic archwire, are calculated in accordance with a mathematically-derived target archform. The goal of the Andreiko et al. method is to give more predictability, standardization, and certainty to orthodontics by replacing the human element in orthodontic appliance design with a deterministic, mathematical computation of a target archform and appliance design. Hence the '562 patent teaches away from an interactive, computer-based system in which the orthodontist remains fully involved in patient diagnosis, appliance design, and treatment planning and monitoring.
More recently, Align Technology, Inc. began offering transparent, removable aligning devices as a new treatment modality in orthodontics. In this system, an impression model of the dentition of the patient is obtained by the orthodontist and shipped to a remote appliance manufacturing center, where it is scanned with a CT scanner. A computer model of the dentition in a target situation is generated at the appliance manufacturing center and made available for viewing to the orthodontist over the Internet. The orthodontist indicates changes they wish to make to individual tooth positions. A revised virtual model is provided for the orthodontist to review, until the target situation is agreed upon. A series of removable aligning devices or shells are manufactured and delivered to the orthodontist. The shells will move the patient's teeth to the desired or target position.
U.S. Pat. No. 6,699,037 describes improved methods and systems for repositioning teeth from an initial tooth arrangement to a final tooth arrangement. Repositioning is accomplished with a system comprising a series of appliances configured to receive the teeth in a cavity and incrementally reposition individual teeth in a series of successive steps, usually including at least four successive steps, often including at least ten steps, sometimes including at least twenty-five steps, and occasionally including forty or more steps. Most often, the methods and systems will reposition teeth in from ten to twenty-five successive steps, although complex cases involving many of the patient's teeth may take forty or more steps. The successive use of a number of such appliances permits each appliance to be configured to move individual teeth in small increments, typically less than 2 mm, preferably less than 1 mm, and more preferably less than 0.5 mm. These values refer to the maximum linear translation of any point on a tooth as a result of using a single appliance. The movements provided by successive appliances, of course, will usually not be the same for any particular tooth. Thus, one point on a tooth may be moved by a different distance as a result of the use of one appliance and thereafter moved by a different distance and/or in a different direction by a later appliance.
The individual appliances preferably comprise a polymeric shell having the teeth-receiving cavity formed therein, typically by molding. Each individual appliance is configured so that its tooth-receiving cavity has a geometry corresponding to an intermediate or end tooth arrangement intended for that appliance. That is, when an appliance is first worn by the patient, certain of the teeth will be misaligned relative to an undeformed geometry of the appliance cavity. The appliance, however, is sufficiently resilient to accommodate or conform to the misaligned teeth, and will apply sufficient resilient force against such misaligned teeth in order to reposition the teeth to the intermediate or end arrangement desired for that treatment step.
The fabrication of aligners utilizes using a stereo lithography process as is disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 6,471,511 and 6,682,346. The stereo lithography process builds the aligner layer by layer, and may use a different aligner mold at each stage of the treatment. There is therefore a long felt need for practical, effective and efficient methods to produce a dental aligner.
Another long recognized issue with the dental aligners is that an aligner often becomes relaxed and open up after repeated usage by a patient, which causes a loss of corrective forces applied by the aligner to the patient's teeth. This results in insufficient or inaccurate teeth movement and costly corrective measures in the orthodontic treatment.
The present invention has been devised to substantially eliminate the foregoing problems and is to provide methods and apparatus to manufacture and construct the physical dental arch model. Implementations of the system may include one or more of the following.
In one aspect, the present invention relates to a method for manufacturing wrinkled dental aligner for a patient's tooth, comprising:
developing a digital dental aligner model specifying at least one wrinkled surface on a dental aligner; and
producing a dental aligner having the wrinkled surface in accordance with digital dental aligner model.
In another aspect, the present invention relates to a method for manufacturing wrinkled dental aligner for a patient's arch, comprising:
developing a digital dental arch model based the patient's arch;
developing a digital dental aligner model based on the digital dental arch model, wherein the digital dental aligner model specifies one or more wrinkles on a surface; and
producing a wrinkled dental aligner in accordance with the digital dental aligner model.
In yet another aspect, the present invention relates to a system for manufacturing a wrinkled dental aligner for a patient, comprising:
a computer configured to store a digital dental aligner model specifying at least one wrinkled surface on the wrinkled dental aligner; and
an apparatus configured to produce the wrinkled dental aligner in accordance with digital dental aligner model.
Embodiments may include one or more of the following advantages. The present invention provides practical methods and system for making a wrinkled dental aligner. The wrinkled aligner prevents the relaxation of the dental aligner after repeated uses, which is common in prior art systems. The wrinkled dental aligner therefore can ensure the aligner to produce the correct force to produce desirable movement in the patient's teeth, which improves the accuracy and effectiveness of the orthodontic treatment by the aligner.
The reduction or elimination of the relaxation and force loss that are problems associated with the conventional dental aligners also have the benefit of lengthening the lifetime of the aligner. As a result, the number of visits to the dentist office is reduced. The material and manufacture costs of the aligners for an orthodontic treatment are decreased. An additional advantage is that the probability for corrective rework due to aligner deformation is significantly reduced, which further reduces costs of the orthodontic treatment.
A further advantage of the present invention is that the properties of the wrinkled aligners can be simulated and optimized in the design process. The performance of the wrinkled aligners can be optimized by simulating and varying wrinkle parameters such as wrinkle depth, wrinkle location and orientation, and wrinkle density. The wrinkled dental aligner can be manufactured by cost-effective processes such as vacuum forming, cutting by a cutter, etching by a laser beam or thermal applier, or CNC based manufacturing.
The details of one or more embodiments are set forth in the accompanying drawing and in the description below. Other features, objects, and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the description and drawings, and from the claims.
The accompanying drawing, which are incorporated in and form a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention:
Next, in step 120, the digital dental arch model is smoothened by computer processing using a computer software. One or more criteria for the degree of smoothness can also be provided by a user. Undesirable features such as sharp gas and divots are removed from the digital dental arch model.
The criteria for the degree of smoothness can be required by the specific dental applications. The plastic aligners for example cannot reach into the gaps between the teeth. In addition, it is also undesirable to have aligner to have fine features inside the gaps because that could potentially create resistance to desired tooth movement in a orthodontics treatment procedure.
The criteria for the degree of smoothness can also be required by type of the tools used to manufacture the aligner components as described below. In the present invention, Computer Numerical Control or CNC based manufacturing refers to the automated and computer controlled machining. The most basic function of a CNC machine is automatic, precise, and consistent motion control. All forms of CNC equipment have two or more directions of motion, called axes. These axes can be precisely and automatically positioned along their lengths of travel. The two most common axis types are linear (driven along a straight path) and rotary (driven along a circular path). Instead of causing motion by manually turning cranks and hand wheels as is required on conventional machine tools, CNC machines allow motions to be actuated by servomotors under control of the CNC, and guided by the part program. Generally speaking, the motion type (rapid, linear, and circular), the axes to move, the amount of motion and the motion rate (feed rate) are programmable with almost all CNC machine tools. In the present invention, in addition to CNC based milling, the CNC based manufacturing is also compatible with other computer numerical controlled manufacturing processes such as stereolithography, laser machining, molding as well as other types of CNC based machining.
For manufacturing a physical dental arch model, however, the drill bit in CNC based milling is usually too big to reach into the gaps and holes in a dental arch model. CNC milling is usually around one axis, which makes it difficult to machine the complex shapes within the gaps between teeth. CNC based milling also has limitations in accuracy and repeatability between different stages of milling.
Several techniques have been used to remove the gaps in the digital dental arch model to produce a smoothened digital dental arch model:
1. Boolean union with primitive 3D objects. Graphics Constructive Solid Geometry primitives or self developed predefined geometries can be inserted into the gaps in the digital dental arch model and then combine with the original 3D digital mesh.
2. Extrusion. The surfaces near the gaps are extruded to fill the gaps in the original 3D digital mesh.
3. Geometry modification by moving vertices. Sharp gaps can be closed by specifying the desired boundaries and modifying the mesh to the desired boundaries in the problem regions.
4. Subdivision of surfaces and movement. Similar to Technique 3, the dental arch surfaces are subdivided in the regions of surface modification for greater smoothness and continuity.
5. Convex hull creation of sub parts to be used as filling objects in the gaps. The gap regions are first located and the points defining edges of the sharp gaps are identified. A convex hull is computed based on these points. The convex hull is joined with the original mesh to fill the gaps using Boolean union.
6. Using parametric surfaces to model fill objects that will be used fit in the gaps.
A simulation can be conducted using the smoothened the digital dental arch model as input to check and verify the smoothness of the digital dental arch model. The simulation can be run using a simulator software in response to the smoothness criteria required by the manufacturing process such as CNC based milling or the dental applications. Refinement ad smoothening iterations may be called for if the smoothness criteria are not completely satisfied.
A digital aligner model is next developed based on the digital dental arch model in Step 130. The digital aligner model comprises inner surfaces and outer surfaces. Since the inner surfaces of the aligner will be in contact with the outer surface of the patient's teeth, the inner surfaces of the digital aligner model approximately follow the contours of the outer surface of the digital dental arch model, so that the dental aligner will snap on the arch. Moreover, the inner and outer surfaces of digital aligner are designed to various shapes and thickness to apply the right forces to achieve the movement of the teeth in accordance with a treatment plan.
Next, in Step 140, the digital aligner model are segmented into digital aligner components suitable for CNC manufacturing. A typical aligner in the digital aligner model includes an upper or lower aligner respectively for the upper and lower arch or a portion of an arch comprising a plurality of teeth. An aligner 300 is shown in
The criteria for the size, location, and the number of aligner components are based on both orthodontic needs and manufacturing requirements. The orthodontic criteria require the tracking of how the original locations of the aligner components and which components can be moved together as a group, which aligner components must be moved independently, and which teeth cannot be moved.
The manufacturing requirements relate mainly to the manufacturability of the digital aligner components, which usually supersedes the orthodontic criteria. For example, a single tooth can be divided into multiple components to make its model manufacturable. The segmented digital components can be evaluated by a simulation software to verify their manufacturability by a specific manufacture process such as CNC based milling, which may suggest refinement in the size, location, and numbers of the segmentation. The simulation can also include an evaluation and estimation of the physical strength after the assembly, as described below, to determine if the assembled aligner components are strong enough to withstand the physical forces in a pressure forming process.
In one embodiment, the digital aligner model can be smoothened during the segmentation. Different segmented digital components may receive different types or degree of smoothening so that the smoothening is tailored to the segments and manufacturing requirements.
An advantage of the present invention is that an aligner model is segmented to small manufacturable aligner components that can be manufactured by automated, precise numerical manufacturing techniques.
A further advantageous feature of the present invention is that the manufacturability of the digital components are simulated, verified and refined if necessary prior to manufacturing. As a result, complex aligner shapes that cannot be made can now be practically manufactured. Waste and cycle times are reduced in the process from design, testing, pilot, to production.
In step 150, features are added to the aligner components to assist the assembling of the aligner components to form an aligner. The features may include a pin, a registration slot, a notch, a protrusion, a hole, an interlocking mechanism, a socket, a jig, and a pluggable or an attachable feature. The adjacent manufactured aligner components may include matching male (e.g. mushroom, push pins) and female features (e.g. hole, notches etc.) for attachment. The male and female features can be fabricated for example by casting mold that include female and male matching features in the mold, each responsible for making respective male and female features. The adjacent aligner components can attached together by simply pushing male feature into the female feature, for example, by pressing a pushpin into a receiving hole.
In another embodiment, special care needs to be applied to the inter-proximal regions in segmenting arch into digital components. In many cases, the inter-proximal regions involve such complexity and details that CNC based manufacturing such as cutting or milling cutting can result in losing details. As shown in
A wedge 460, shown in
The aligner components 310,320 are manufactured in Step 160 using CNC based manufacturing techniques. The segmented digital aligner components are provided to as CNC objects input to a CNC machine. The aligner components 310,320 are manufactured individually. In the disclosed methods and systems, the precision and yield of the CNC based manufacturing are high because manufacturability has been considered and verified as part of the designs of the aligner components. Common materials for the aligner components include polymers, urethane, epoxy, plastics, plaster, stone, clay, acrylic, metals, wood, paper, ceramics, and porcelain. A mechanism may be required to hold the components in place during the milling process.
As described in more detail below, the digital dental aligner model can include wrinkle features to be produced on the aligner components and finally formed on the surfaces of the physical dental aligner. The wrinkle features can be pre-designed and simulated to reduce the relaxation of the aligner after repeated use. The wrinkled aligner or aligner components can be fabricated in accordance with the digital dental aligner model.
The physical aligner model 600 is assembled in Step 170 by assembling the aligner components.
The physical aligners can be used in different dental applications such as dental crown, dental bridge, dental retainer, mouth guard and teeth whitening. For aligner fabrication, for example, each stage of the teeth treatment may correspond a unique physical aligner model. Aligners can be fabricated based on the digital dental arch model as the teeth movement progresses during the treatment. At each stage of the treatment, the desirable teeth positions for the next stage are calculated. A physical aligner model is fabricated using the process described above for modifying teeth positions in Step 180.
In one aspect, the disclosed methods and system allow variable shape and thickness in the aligner designs comparing the prior art systems. Moreover, the disclosed methods and system provides wider range of aligner material selections. Analyses over aligner shape can be conducted done to ensure the optimal shape of aligner to be produced to achieve the desired movements at each stage of the orthodontic treatment. In addition, aligners having optimized shapes can achieve certain movements that the prior art cannot achieve. The aligners can be made thinner and more cosmetic, allowing more comfort in wearing. The manufacturing process is more consistent and easy.
The aligner components can be labeled with unique identifications, and assembled and detached in predetermined sequences. The assembling and detachment can be automated by for example a robotic arm under the control of a computer in accordance with the predetermined sequences.
In one embodiment, the aligner components are assembled in pressure forming. The aligner components may be hollow inside and have outer surfaces that match the digital aligner components to allow proper union of the aligner components. In another embodiment, the aligner components can be pre-fabricated similar to LEGO blocks. The surfaces of the aligner components may include standard registration and attaching features for them to join together. The LEGO-like aligner components can be assembled automatically by robotic arms under computer control. The aligner components can be separated and repaired after the assembly. The attaching features between aligner components allow the components to be detached in a sequence. Broken component can be removed, repaired or replaced, followed by re-assembling.
In another aspect of the present invention, system and methods are provided to overcome a long recognized issue with the dental aligners. The aligners are made of plastic materials and can often become relaxed and open up after repeated usage by a patient. The patient can bite the aligner to cause aligner to bend outwards. Each time the patient takes off the aligner during eating, drinking, or before sleep, the bottom part of the aligner tend to open up and relax. Furthermore, the material relaxation at bottom of the aligner over usage time can render ineffective application of force at the bottom of the teeth. The relaxation of the aligner can occur in as short a period as a few days of usage. The loss of corrective force applied by the aligner to the patient's teeth results in insufficient or inaccurate teeth movement. The corrective measures can include reordering of the same aligners and delay in the orthodontic treatment, which are costly for the patients.
To illustrate the above described problem,
In accordance with the present invention, wrinkle shaped aligner are designed and fabricated to overcome the loss of force caused by the relaxation of the aligners. Wrinkled aligners can include different designs. As shown in
The dental aligner 900 is worn over the patient teeth over gum 960. Wrinkles 970 can be produced on one of or both the outer surface 920 (i.e. the buccal side) and the inner surface (i.e. lingual side) of the wrinkled aligner 900. The wrinkles 970 can be aligned from tip portion 930 to the bottom portion 940 of the wrinkled aligner 900 at a predetermined spacing between the adjacent wrinkles. The wrinkles 970 allow the wrinkled aligner 900 to relax when it receives stresses during patient's biting, or when the aligner is taken off and put on. The wrinkled shape can automatically restore when the stresses are removed. The wrinkled aligner 900 therefore is free of the relaxation problems in the prior art aligners. In other words, the wrinkled aligners 900 include robust structure designs that can tolerate stresses and maintain functional shape under stresses.
The wrinkles can be formed in different orientations and locations of the shell-shaped dental aligners. The wrinkle can also be made in parallel to the base line 950 of the wrinkled aligner 900 (i.e. across the direction from the tip portion 930 to the bottom portion 940), which helps to prevent the wrinkled aligner to open near the base. The wrinkles can also be produced in both horizontal (parallel to the base line 950 of the aligner) and vertical (from the tip portion to the bottom portion) directions. In another arrangement, a corrugated structure or "wrinkles" can be produced along the on the base line 950 of the wrinkled aligner 900. The corrugated structure along the base line 950 can generate elastic shrinking stress over the tooth, which can overcome the above described relaxation problem and extends the life of the wrinkled aligner 900. Various wrinkle arrangements can be applied singularly or in combination for optimize performance.
Wrinkled aligners can be fabricated by a variety of manufacturing methods. In one arrangement of aligner manufacturing, a patient's dental arch model is placed on a base plate of a vacuum former machine. The digital dental aligner model specifies a shell portion including an outer surface and an inner surface to be in contact with the patient's tooth, a bottom portion to be placed near the gingival of the patient's tooth, and a tip portion on the opposite side of the bottom portion. The digital dental aligner model also defines one or more wrinkles formed over at least one of the outer surface of the shell portion, the inner surface of the shell portion, and the bottom portion. An apparatus produces a physical dental aligner having a wrinkled surface in accordance with the digital dental aligner model.
As shown in
In one method of wrinkle making, some material is extruded on other tooth surfaces of the patient's dental arch model that is fixed on to the base plate. The protrusions formed by the extruded material are distributed (e.g. the locations and the density of the wrinkles, the width and the depth of the wrinkles, etc.) to compatible with the wrinkles to be formed over the aligner. The extruded material is subsequently hardened over the surfaces of the arch model. When the soft sheet of aligner making material is pressed over the arch model, the protrusions formed by the extruded material produce the wrinkles 1030 on the sheet of the aligner making material. A wrinkled aligner 1050 is obtained after the cutting of the sheet.
In a variation of the above method of manufacturing wrinkled aligners, a high-tension material is placed at the locations of the dental arch model where the wrinkles are to be formed. The high strength material is absorbed and become embedded into the aligner material after the sheet of aligner making material is heated and pressed over the arch model. The distribution of high strength material creates an uneven elasticity distribution over the aligner surface that produces the wrinkles 1030.
In yet another embodiment, a high-tension material is placed in parallel stripes over the sheet of aligner making material before it is placed in the sheet holder. The subsequent heating causes the high-tension material to penetrate and embed in the sheet, which produces wrinkles 1030 in the wrinkled aligner 1050.
In another embodiment, a physical dental aligner without wrinkles is first produced by the above described vacuum forming process. The physical dental aligner is subsequently softened by heating. A thermal applier such as a stylus is then pressed against the physical dental aligner. The thermal applier moves across the surface to etch off materials to the wrinkles at the desired locations. Alternatively, wrinkles can be cut over the surface of the aligner by a position-controlled cutter or a laser beam.
In still another embodiment, aligner components are fabricated by CNC based manufacturing as described above in accordance with a digital dental aligner model. The digital dental aligner model includes wrinkle features over the surfaces of the dental aligner. The aligner components are fabricated in accordance with the digital dental aligner model having the wrinkle features. The dental aligner components are subsequently assembled to produce the physical dental aligner.
The wrinkled aligner can be milled out of a plastic block in accordance with digital aligner model. The milled out portion can be a portion of a tooth or a group of teeth. The inner hollow portion of the partially milled plastic block is then filled up with a soft holding material under heating. The holding material is soft at elevated temperatures and is hardened at room temperature. The holding material forms a handle after it cools off to room temperature. The partially milled plastic block can be held from outside while it is milled by CNC based manufacturing. An aligner having wrinkled surfaces is produced after machining. The holding material is subsequently removed by heating. The holding material can be wax, silicon, Epoxy or other kind of removable glue.
In yet another embodiment, a special clamp can also be used to hold the partially milled aligner parts in place while the rest of the aligner is milled using the CNC machine. The aligner components are assembled to form an aligner having one or more wrinkled surface. The aligner components include physical features to permit the aligner components to be assembled into the physical dental aligner having at least one wrinkled surface. The CNC based manufacturing can include one or more of milling, stereo lithography, laser machining, molding, and casting.
The properties of the aligner and the features of the wrinkles on the aligners are next simulated for the optimal orthodontic performance and pre-stored in the digital aligner model in step 1140. The responses of the wrinkled aligners to various conditions during the patient's use of the wrinkled aligner are simulated using Finite Element Analysis (FEA). The conditions can include stresses applied by the patient during the biting, the wearing, and the removal of the aligner. The conditions can also include temperature changes when the patient has hot drinks or ice cream. Using Virtual Prototyping Software (a component of CAD software), the properties and performance of the wrinkled aligner can be analyzed under various simulated mechanical loads. The wrinkle features and the aligner properties can be varied in iterations for optimized performance in step 1150. Finally, the optimized wrinkle configurations are stored in a computer and used to control the fabrication of the wrinkled aligner in step 1160.
Although specific embodiments of the present invention have been illustrated in the accompanying drawings and described in the foregoing detailed description, it will be understood that the invention is not limited to the particular embodiments described herein, but is capable of numerous rearrangements, modifications, and substitutions without departing from the scope of the invention. The following claims are intended to encompass all such modifications.
|Cited Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|29 Jan 1987
|5 Jul 1988
|Great Lakes Orthodontics, Ltd.
|Orthodontic anchor appliance and method for teeth positioning and method of constructing the appliance
|24 Oct 1986
|17 Jan 1989
|Great Lakes Orthodontic Laboratories Inc.
|Method of making a dental appliance
|5 May 1987
|15 Aug 1989
|Great Lakes Orthodontics, Ltd.
|Orthodontic finishing positioner and method of construction
|29 Apr 1988
|26 Jun 1990
|Walker Peter S
|Method of designing and manufacturing a human joint prosthesis
|24 Jan 1989
|30 Apr 1991
|Dolphin Imaging Systems
|Method for determining orthodontic bracket placement
|20 Jul 1987
|30 Jul 1991
|Great Lakes Orthodontics, Ltd.
|Orthodontic finishing positioner and method of construction
|6 Oct 1988
|8 Oct 1991
|Great Lakes Orthodontics, Ltd.
|Orthodontic positioner and methods of making and using same
|25 Jul 1989
|22 Oct 1991
|Great Lakes Orthodontics, Ltd.
|Orthodontic finishing positioner and method of construction
|21 Oct 1991
|16 Feb 1993
|Great Lakes Orthodontics, Ltd.
|Orthodontic finishing positioner and method of construction
|3 Apr 1992
|28 Dec 1993
|Foster-Miller, Inc.
|Method and apparatus for modeling a dental prosthesis
|22 Nov 1993
|16 Aug 1994
|Dacim Laboratory Inc.
|Dental modeling simulator
|6 Sep 1990
|23 Aug 1994
|Robertson James G
|Apparatus and method for recording jaw motion
|13 Jul 1993
|30 Aug 1994
|Deshayes Marie Josephe
|Method for modelling cranio-facial architecture
|9 Nov 1992
|29 Nov 1994
|Ormco Corporation
|Method for forming jigs for custom placement of orthodontic appliances on teeth
|27 Jul 1993
|17 Jan 1995
|Stern; Sylvan S.
|Method for making dental restorations and the dental restoration made thereby
|29 Mar 1994
|19 Sep 1995
|Dentsply Research & Development Corp.
|Method of making a tooth mold
|5 Nov 1993
|26 Dec 1995
|Harry J. Schuldt
|Dental impression tray
|27 Mar 1995
|27 Aug 1996
|Stern; Sylvan S.
|Method for making dental restorations and the dental restoration made thereby
|7 Jul 1994
|24 Dec 1996
|Nobelpharma Ab
|Computer aided processing of three-dimensional object and apparatus therefor
|7 Jul 1994
|4 Mar 1997
|Nobelpharma Ab
|Process and device for production of three-dimensional dental bodies
|28 Apr 1995
|8 Jul 1997
|Great Lakes Orthodontics Ltd.
|Orthodontic appliance debonder
|20 May 1997
|9 Mar 1999
|Doyle; Walter A.
|Orthodontic bracketing system and method therefor
|8 Oct 1997
|2 Nov 1999
|Align Technology, Inc.
|Method and system for incrementally moving teeth
|23 Apr 1999
|17 Apr 2001
|Align Technology, Inc.
|Method and system for incrementally moving teeth
|13 May 1999
|8 May 2001
|Align Technology, Inc.
|Teeth viewing system
|3 Dec 1999
|8 May 2001
|Align Technology, Inc.
|Manipulable dental model system for fabrication of a dental appliance
|14 Jan 2000
|9 Oct 2001
|Align Technology, Inc
|System and method for producing tooth movement
|3 Dec 1999
|30 Oct 2001
|Align Technology Inc.
|Attachment devices and method for a dental applicance
|8 Sep 2000
|24 Dec 2002
|Align Technology, Inc.
|Modified tooth positioning appliances and methods and systems for their manufacture
|28 Feb 2002
|31 Dec 2002
|Align Technology, Inc.
|Manipulable dental model system for fabrication of a dental appliance
|14 May 1999
|4 Feb 2003
|Align Technology, Inc.
|Digitally modeling the deformation of gingival
|14 Jul 2000
|25 Feb 2003
|Align Technology, Inc.
|System and methods for varying elastic modulus appliances
|30 May 2002
|29 Apr 2003
|Align Technology, Inc.
|Method and system for incrementally moving teeth
|14 Jul 2000
|3 Jun 2003
|Align Technology, Inc.
|Embedded features and methods of a dental appliance
|12 Jul 2001
|24 Jun 2003
|Align Technology, Inc.
|Method for producing tooth movement
|25 Apr 2001
|24 Jun 2003
|Align Technology, Inc.
|Methods for modeling bite registration
|25 Apr 2001
|5 Aug 2003
|Align Technology, Inc.
|Systems and methods for dental treatment planning
|21 Sep 2000
|19 Aug 2003
|Align Technology, Inc.
|Methods and systems for concurrent tooth repositioning and substance delivery
|27 Apr 2000
|16 Sep 2003
|Align Technology, Inc.
|Systems and methods for integrating 3D diagnostic data
|8 Jan 2001
|30 Sep 2003
|Align Technology, Inc.
|Method and system for incrementally moving teeth
|21 Feb 2001
|7 Oct 2003
|Align Technology, Inc.
|Method and system for incrementally moving teeth
|23 May 2000
|14 Oct 2003
|Align Technology, Inc.
|Effiicient data representation of teeth model
|10 Sep 2002
|16 Dec 2003
|Align Technology, Inc.
|Efficient data representation of teeth model
|26 Aug 2002
|27 Jan 2004
|Align Technology, Inc.
|Defining tooth-moving appliances computationally
|14 Jan 2002
|3 Feb 2004
|Align Technology, Inc.
|System for determining final position of teeth
|24 Oct 2002
|3 Feb 2004
|Align Technology, Inc.
|Digitally modeling the deformation of gingival tissue during orthodontic treatment
|2 May 2001
|10 Feb 2004
|Align Technology, Inc.
|System and method for separating three-dimensional models
|21 Feb 2001
|2 Mar 2004
|Align Technology, Inc.
|Method and system for incrementally moving teeth
|30 Sep 2002
|16 Mar 2004
|Align Technology, Inc.
|System and method for releasing tooth positioning appliances
|14 Jan 2002
|20 Apr 2004
|Align Technology, Inc.
|Method and system for incrementally moving teeth
|30 Oct 2000
|27 Apr 2004
|Align Technology, Inc.
|Systems and methods for bite-setting teeth models
|29 Aug 2001
|4 May 2004
|Align Technology, Inc.
|Tooth path treatment plan
|28 Jul 2000
|15 Aug 2006
|Align Technology
|Systems and methods for forming an object
|30 May 2002
|17 Oct 2002
|Align Technology, Inc.
|Method and system for incrementally moving teeth
|23 May 2002
|27 Nov 2003
|Graham Neil John
|Orthodontic tooth repositioner
|4 Oct 2004
|19 May 2005
|Align Technology, Inc.
|Systems and methods for improved engagement between aligners and teeth
|3 Mar 2005
|10 Aug 2006
|O'bryan Robert
|Orthodontic system
|Citing Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|2 Sep 2008
|4 Mar 2010
|Align Technology, Inc.
|Shape engineered aligner - auto shaping
|10 Jul 2014
|14 Jan 2016
|Wisebrace Pte Ltd
|Orthodontic aligners
|U.S. Classification
|700/95, 433/213, 433/18, 433/24
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification
|31 Aug 2005
Owner name: ORTHOCLEAR HOLDINGS, INC., VIRGIN ISLANDS, BRITISH
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:LIU, FRANK ZHENHUAN;WEN, HUAFENG;REEL/FRAME:016703/0716;SIGNING DATES FROM 20050727 TO 20050728
|10 Jan 2007
Owner name: ALIGN TECHNOLOGY, INC., CALIFORNIA
Free format text: INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY TRANSFER AGREEMENT;ASSIGNORS:ORTHOCLEAR HOLDINGS, INC.;ORTHOCLEAR PAKISTAN PVT LTD.;WEN, HUAFENG;REEL/FRAME:018746/0929
Effective date: 20061013
|9 Apr 2014
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 4


text:
"This will be my last mandate, insha'Allah." Insha'Allah (God willing), indeed.
In an interview with the BBC on Wednesday, April 6, Sudanese President Omar Al-Bashir said he will be stepping down as president when his term ends in 2020. It is a promise he has made and broken before, but the likelihood appears higher this time after the death of former rival Hassan Al-Turabi in March.
If we take him at his word, the question arises as to what measures he would have to put in place between now and 2020 to ensure his transfer of power goes smoothly.
At the moment, Sudan's domestic politics are anything but stable. The regime has pushed for a 'national dialogue' between the ruling National Congress Party (NCP) and the country's opposition parties and various rebel groups, but this plan has failed to bring any kind of political resolution. While the military appears solidly in support of the regime, continued economic difficulties may in time test allegiances. The economy, then, may be the deciding factor in how things unfold over the next four years. An improvement would mean that the NCP would have the funds needed to offer rebel and opposition elites a deal, or to make sure soldiers are paid well enough to maintain the status quo.
According to the International Monetary Fund (IMF), Sudan's GDP growth is expected to recover to 4% this year, thereafter gaining momentum over the medium term. The multilateral organisation expects GDP growth to accelerate to 4.5% in 2017 and rise to 5% in 2018.
We suspect these forecasts may be somewhat optimistic. As long as US sanctions, low trending commodity prices and poor weather conditions persist, Sudan's economy will struggle to gain traction. However, the declining headline inflation figures may abet the recovery in economic growth.
Consumer price index (CPI) inflation is estimated to average 19.8% in 2015, compared to an average of 36.9% in 2014. Looking ahead, the IMF projects that the easing annual trend will be reinforced by continued tightening of monetary policy. The most recent estimate for headline inflation, according to Reuters, is recorded at 12.9% y-o-y in February 2016. For the year as a whole, the IMF expects CPI inflation to slow to 12.8% and average 6.6% p.a. during 2017-20.
As was seen in 2013, runaway inflation has the potential to lead to mass protests. In that year, inflation of nearly 50% caused widespread protest action against the government that was only brought to heel after over 200 demonstrators were killed by security forces.
Failing an economic turnaround, the regime may turn to its new sponsor, Saudi Arabia.
The Saudis have already invested heavily in the new relationship and have managed to get Khartoum to do a U-turn on its decades-long support for Tehran. Out of the deal, the Saudis get access to fertile lands to better ensure their future food security and military support in their battles against terrorists in the north-east of the kingdom and against Houthi rebels in Yemen. It would appear that the Saudis are taking the long view in Sudan and thus could be willing to prop up a fragile NCP regime.
Away from domestic and international factors, Mr Bashir is 72 years old and, while this is not old by African standards for presidents, he may feel that the time has come to step aside. While he has maintained an almost delusional sense of righteousness despite the many documented atrocities that have occurred under his rule, the stress of governing this tumultuous country would have taken a personal toll.
If offered a safe refuge – perhaps emulating the likes of Idi Amin and others in Saudi Arabia – it is likely that he would choose the relative peace that would entail.
If Mr Bashir is earnestly looking to retire in four years' time, Sudan is in for an interesting couple of years as he and the NCP set about orchestrating a smooth transfer of power. At present, there is no clear successor in place. With no let-up in the conflicts in Darfur and the Two Areas (Blue Nile and South Kordofan) and the economy struggling, a clean handover seems like a monumental task.
We think that if there is no clear improvement on these fronts and no chance of a cushy retirement for his dotage, Mr Bashir will opt to remain in office.
Jared Jeffery, Political Analyst and Nadene Johnson, Economist at NKC African Economics

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Two trains collided late Wednesday in the northern German region of Hanover, leaving 16 injured, police said.
A freight train crashed with a regional passenger train carrying 66 people at about 11:30pm (2130 GMT) near the city of Peine, in Lower Saxony state, Hanover police spokesman Uwe Borchers said.
The passenger train's conductor and seven others suffered serious injuries and were taken to the hospital.
Five of the freight train's wagons derailed onto the track the passenger train was travelling along. The passenger train hit the wagons and its locomotive and two carriages derailed.


text:
A cast of 25, under Thea Sharrock's direction, tell the story of a group of wealthy London socialites, and their hanger-ons, as they set about the business of partying and just generally having a right rollicking good old time. The year is 1938 though, and these are the people who survived the horrors of the Great War, bright young things of the 20s unwilling to let go of the illusions of their youth even as the world tumbles towards another major conflict. At the centre of pile of empties are the Scott-Fowlers, Joan and David the ultimate party couple who got married for kicks and giggles yet find themselves 12 years later still together. Their Mayfair apartment is populated by their friends only interested in maintaining the partying status quo of gin-soaked debauchery, but some of the younger generation are also present, a nephew is helping David with his fruitless pursuit to be taken seriously as a historian and his meddlesome sweetheart who is intent on rescuing David from himself, regardless of the impact it will have on his marriage.
Rattigan portrays with accuracy the vagaries of human behaviour, specifically the emotional repression, the reserved English nature which crippled true human interaction and lead to catastrophic results (indeed, one could argue it is best exemplified in Chamberlain's insistence on the appeasement policy.) And in locating his drama in this interwar period, events take on an epic tragic weight, it is hard not to feel something for these people, no matter how obnoxious they get, recovering from one world war only to find themselves headed inexorably towards another.
Nancy Carroll is heartbreakingly good as the brash Joan whose feelings for her husband have matured into a deep unspoken love she is unable to articulate; I've never seen Adrian Scarborough funnier than as the ever-present sozzled John, the best friend and permanent house guest who never leaves but possessed of a startling perceptive acuity and the deepest understanding of what it really going on and Benedict Cumberbatch captures the moral apathy of David, in love with the idea of things more than the reality and ultimately the most emotionally repressed of them all. But there's excellent work throughout the ensemble, John Heffernan has a wonderfully fresh appeal as the beaverish nephew, Jenny Galloway has great fun as the acerbic Miss Potter, Lachlan Nieboer's awkward Cyril is a hoot and Pandora Colin's flapper friend Julia is belly-achingly, scene-stealingly hysterical with a short but memorable appearance in each of the acts.
It's three hours long but it really does fly by. There could be a little trimmed from the first act I feel, it is generally quite static and once the milieu has been established it does drag on a little but this can easily be tightened up before opening night. Costumes are great, Carroll's red party dress is spectacular, the unchanging set is sumptuously mounted and the use of supernumaries lends a nice authenticity to the riotous party scene, Leo Staar taking the opportunity to show off his perfectly pert buttocks.
Generally speaking, this was an astonishingly accomplished performance for a first preview of such a large production and I believe it can only get better. The combination of Rattigan's clarity of storytelling, Thea Sharrock's unfussy direction and a stellar cast is just magical. Another five star show so soon after All My Sons? Just maybe...!


text:
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text:
ACParadise Network: American Cosplay Paradise American Cosplay Experience American Cosplay Snapshots
Hello! Katan here, I've been cosplaying since May 2001 I've been to Florida based cons as well as Georgia please check my page for upcoming costumes and commissions I'll be doing thanks for taking a peek at my scary cosplaying
Recent Updates
Newest Favorites
Newest Fans
Recent Comments
- Bur Loire says, "OH MY GOD! THE PARADA DANCERS!!!!!!! That is seriously like the bestest costume ever. I love the Parade scene in FF8, its so awesome"
- For Parade Dancer from Final Fantasy VIII


text:
|incl. VAT
|excl. VAT
Toothbrush Parodontax Extra achieved compared with conventional toothbrushes much better in the interdental spaces and also completely encompasses the edge of the gums. Small brush head makes it easy to clean hard-to-reach places. The toothbrush has been specially developed for use in bleeding gums. Fine, soft, and to tip tapering fibers are ideal for removing dental plaque and dirt around the teeth and gums. Quality brush represents half the success in cleaning your teeth.
Certainly appreciate the ergonomic handle with non-slip rubber surface that provides maximum control over the movements of the brush.
Specifications can be changed without notice. Images are for illustrative purposes only. Retail Price (MSRP) means the manufacturer's/supplier's suggested retail price.
Link to Manufacturer's Website: Enter link to the external review


text: This is my first year in business and as of now I offer mostly mow and blow accounts with occasional flowerbed/mulch/odd jobs. My goal for this year is $20,000.00 which I think is reasonable with hard work. As of now I have 8 accounts at $885.00 a month. To reach my goal I will have to get a total of 36(based on my average cost) to pull in $20k for the year. My goals for my second year is $30-$35k. Gaining 36 "serious" customers in one year is not that likely so I need to have another serious form of income for the time being. When people first start off in the business, I know they find enough work to get the income they need. Im sure some might be PITA's but everyone has done there fare share of these types of jobs for income just to get by. Question #1- What type of work did you do, and how did you obtain the work? I was thinking about 2000 business cards mailed in increments of 50 to different real estate agents. Question #2- When you first started targeting SMALL commercial accounts, or when you started cold calls or cold visits, what did you bring prepared to get the job? What speech do you give? Were your prices negotiable when you didnt get the job or did you stand firm on your cost? What are the main thing these companies/businesses want to see on paperwork or want to hear from you before you are even considered?


text:
Marin Weekend Family Fun for December 23, 24 & 25
December 23, 2016Posted by pamela |
Visit the Amazing Rombeiro Christmas House in Novato this Weekend!
There's also holiday ice skating at numerous locations throughout the Bay Area, opportunities to visit with Santa Claus at local shopping centers, and amazing decorated holiday houses.
Friday, December 23
- Holiday Ice Skating in Union Square
San Francisco
Friday–Sunday, 10 am–11:30 pm
Union Square, San Francisco's main shopping district, gets into the ice skating spirit during the holiday season with an outdoor ice rink sponsored by Safeway. 90-minute sessions start on every even hour. Admission: $11 for adults, 7 children 8 and under. Skate rental $6. Information: (415) 781-2688 or visit their website.
- A Charlie Brown Christmas
Davies Symphony Hall, San Francisco
Friday, 11 am, 2 pm and Saturday, 2 pm
Charlie Brown, Snoopy, Linus, Lucy, and the entire Peanuts gang bring this television classic to life. With live actors, an animated backdrop, and Vince Guaraldi's timeless music performed by the San Francisco Symphony, it's A Charlie Brown Christmas experience you won't want to miss. This family-friendly concert begins with Tony Award-winner Ruthie Ann Miles (The King and I) singing holiday favorites with the SF Symphony and SF Symphony Chorus. Purchase tickets here. Location: 201 Van Ness, San Francisco. For more info, visit their website.
- Nike Missile Site Open House
Marin Headlands, Sausalito
Friday, 12:30–3:30 pm
Unique in the National Park Service, this restored Cold War anti-aircraft missile site has intriguing stories to tell. Take a ranger-guided tour of this restored facility, and learn about its history from volunteers, many of whom served at sites like. Free. Read about our visit here. For more info, visit their website.
- Polar Express Train Ride
Santa Cruz
Saturday, 1, 3 & 7:30 pm
The Polar Express Train Ride departs from Santa Cruz Beach Boardwalk, complete with dancing chefs, singing elves, and a special gift from Santa Claus himself—a silver sleigh bell. Don't forget to wear your pajamas while you enjoy cookies, hot chocolate, and a reading of The Polar Express while on board. First-class tickets still available for rides this weekend. For more info and tickets, call (877) 726-7245 or visit their website.
- LEGO Play Day
Mill Valley Library
Friday, 2:30 pm
Get in touch with your inner engineer and build with colorful LEGO! We bring out our collection of more than 10,000 bricks, and kids can build whatever they imagine. Free. No sign up needed. Location: 375 Throckmorton Ave. Mill Valley. For more info, visit their website
- Le Petit Cirque de Noël
Marin Country Mart, Larkspur
Friday, 5:15 pm & 7:30 pm
Full of enchantment, thrill and wonder, Le Cirque de Bohème has delighted kids and adults for years. Founded by Frenchman Michel Michelis, his circus company, Le Cirque de Bohème, was created 12 years ago in Paris and moved to California seven years ago. All tickets are $25. However, because space is limited in the tent, all attendees must have a ticket, available here at Brown Paper Tickets here.
- San Francisco Ballet Nutcracker
War Memorial Opera House
Friday, 2 & 7 pm, Saturday, 11 am & 4 pm
San Francisco Ballet's awe-inspiring production is like no other, with colorful, larger-than-life scenery, over 200 dazzling costumed characters, and of course Tchaikovsky's beautiful score performed live by the world-class San Francisco Ballet Orchestra. Ticket prices start at $65. For more info, call (415) 865-2000 or visit their website.
- Marin on Ice
Northgate Mall, San Rafael
Friday, 2–10 pm, Saturday, noon–10 pm, Sunday, noon–9 pm
This Saturday, Marin on Ice opens for another season of outdoor ice skating at San Rafael's Northgate Mall, where it runs through January 11. Marin's only holiday ice skating rink features 6,300 square feet of real ice and will be open daily for outdoor skating. Skating is $15 per person, which includes skate rental. Private ice cabanas will also be available for rental and "Skate Buddies" are available for beginners. For more info, visit their website.
- African-American Shakespeare Company: Cinderella
Herbst Theatre, Fort Mason, San Francisco
Friday, 3 & 8 pm, Saturday, 11 am & 3 pm
Back by popular demand, the holiday season once again sees the return of this heartwarming holiday show where Cinderella, toiling away as a lowly scullery maid to please her evil stepmother (and oddly masculine stepsisters) comes in contact with a Fairy Godmother who means business with a capital B. Aided by the help of a little bit of magic, Cinderella finds her Prince Charming and learns that anything—even miracles—are possible when you believe in yourself. After the show audience members will have a magical moment to meet the entire cast for a holiday "meet and greet" picture opportunity. Tickets: $20–$40. For more info, visit their website.
- ZooLights 2016
San Francisco Zoo
Friday, 5–8 pm
Experience the wonder of the holiday season and enjoy your 100-acre park, conservation center, and zoo under beautiful and bright lights. ZooLights 2016 takes you on a magical trip to a destination like no other—with Santa Claus, reindeer and a holiday marketplace with food and seasonal delights. Lovely music from carolers will fill the air and bright lights will shine the way as you leave the city behind and retreat to a holiday hideaway. Admission: $8 adults, $6 youth 4–14, free for kids 3 and under; parking $10. Location: Sloat Boulevard at the Great Highway, San Francisco. For more info, visit their website.
- Zoo Lights
Oakland Zoo
Friday, 5:30–9 pm,
Hundreds of thousands of LED lights brighten Oakland's night sky. Highlights include a candy cane lane themed rides area, a night time adventure on the Outback Express train, rocking around the Christmas trees and a light show that's sure to blow out any bah-hum-bugs. ZooLights is a separate event and is not included in regular Zoo Admission. $8 adults, $7 children 2–14 and seniors 65+, free for children under 2 and adults over 80. For more info, visit their website.
- Rombeiro Christmas House
Devonshire Drive, Novato
Friday–Sunday, 6–10 pm
Their home is something that truly has to be seen to be believed, and photos don't really do it justice. There are something like 140,000 lights as well as countless figurines, dioramas, and decorations adorning the front and side yards, walls, and roof of the Rombeiro house. If you think the outside is impressive, then you need to go on inside and get a healthy dose of Christmas spirit. You'll find model trains, more figurines, Christmas trees, and the biggest lighted holiday village you've ever seen. Location: 34 Devonshire Drive, off of Center Road, Novato. For more info, read about our visit here.
- Mickey Mouse Christmas House
417 Blackstone Drive, San Rafael
Friday–Sunday, 6–10 pm
One of my children's favorite decorated and lighted Christmas house is the Mize family's Mickey Mouse House (AKA "Mickey's Christmas House") in Marinwood. Get out of your car and walk up the short driveway, though and you'll see why it's worth a visit for kids of all ages. Every evening, the two-car garage is opened to reveal two galleries of what has to be every Walt Disney toy, stuffed animal, decoration, and gimgrack ever produced, all artfully arranged in two spectacular holiday displays. Read more about our visit here
- The Berkeley Playhouse: Disney's Beauty and the Beast
The Julia Morgan Center for the Arts, Berkeley
Friday, 7 pm
The Disney (and Broadway!) favorite gets the Berkeley Playhouse makeover as founding Associate Artistic Director Kimberly Dooley helms this all new production featuring a diverse and multigenerational cast of dozens. Featuring some of Disney's most popular songs and characters, you won't want to miss this magical musical adventure guaranteed to delight audiences of all ages. Location: 2640 College Avenue, Berkeley. Tickets: $25–40. For more info, visit their website
- Hanukah Family Community Celebration
Freight & Salvage, Berkeley
Friday, 8 pm
Join your community of neighbors and friends for a grand night of music, entertainment, fun, candlelighting, latkes, chachkees, Hanukkah gifts, refreshments. Bring your children, bubbie, and zaydee for the Festival of Lights! Tickets: $25 adv / $27 door. Purchase tickets here. Location: 2020 Addison Street, Berkeley. For more info, visit their website.
Saturday, December 24
- Marin Country Mart Farmer's Market
Marin County Mart, Larkspur Landing
Saturday, 9 am–2 pm
The farmer's market features plenty of family fun, including pony rides, face painting, seasonal music, Hanukkah Hut (9am–2 pm) and more. In addition to a great selection of farmers' market organic produce, pastured meats, artisan cheeses, baked goods, nuts, jams, confections, wreaths and holiday flowers, you can also shop for unique farm inspired locally made arts and crafts. For more info, visit their website.
- Whale Watching at Point Reyes Lighthouse
Point Reyes National Seashore
Weekends, 9 am–3:30 pm
Go see the whales out at the Point Reyes Light House and Chimney Rock. No cars allowed at Point Reyes Light House on weekends and holidays December 31, 2016 through late March 2017. For more info, visit their website.
- Reindeer Romp
San Francisco Zoo
Saturday & Sunday, 10 am–4 pm
Santa is sending his favorite reindeer, Belle, Holly, and Peppermint to spread holiday cheer at San Francisco Zoo & Gardens! Until January 1, majestic reindeer will be romping at SF Zoo's Playfield Lawn, near the spectacular Elinor Friend Playground. Zoo admission applies. Location: Sloat Blvd. at the Great Highway, San Francisco. For more info, visit their website.
- Creek Walk to See Spawning Coho Salmon
Samuel P Taylor Park, San Geronimo
Saturday, 10:30 am–1 pm
With the first hard rains in the watershed comes the beginning of spawning season for Coho salmon. SPAWN-trained naturalists lead creek walks to explore the majesty of the Lagunitas Creek Watershed. Tour will meet at the front Kiosk of Camp Taylor and embark on a journey to multiple creek sites in search of some of these critically endangered salmon. Tours are open to all ages and abilities. Cost: $10 per person donation requested. Register here.
- Snoopy's Home Ice Skating
The Redwood Empire Ice Arena, Santa Rosa
Saturday, 10:30 am–noon (puppy practice) 12:30–4:30 pm (public skate)
Opened by the late Santa Rosa resident and Peanuts cartoonist Charles M. Schulz in 1969, the Redwood Empire Ice Arena offers daily public skating hours (check their schedule for details).The entire place is decorated with a Swiss theme and offers a charming alpine ambience. The Redwood Empire Ice Arena is also home to Snoopy's Warm Puppy Cafe. Session prices: $9.50/adults 18 and over and juniors 12–17, and $7.50 for children 11 and under. Skate rental is $3.50. They also offer Puppy Practice, a session for children under 12 and their parents that's perfect for beginners, since it includes a 20-minute group lesson for both adults and kids. Puppy Practice is $9 for adults and $7 for children, with no skate rental charge. For more info, visit their website.
- Family Matinee: A Christmas Carol
American Conservatory Theater, San Francisco
Saturday, 1 pm
Featuring a lively cast of dozens, gorgeous costumes, and those deliciously spooky ghosts, the Bay Area's favorite holiday tradition returns with a sparkling, music-infused production of A Christmas Carol. Bring your family, bring your friends, and check your "humbugs" at the door! Tickets: $50–$115. Location: 405 Geary Street, San Francisco. For more info and tickets, visit their website.
- Nike Missile Site Open House (see Friday for details).
- Marin on Ice (see Friday for details)
- The Rombeiro Christmas House (see Friday for details).
- Holiday Ice Skating in Union Square (see Friday for details).
- The Mickey Mouse Christmas House (see Friday for details)
- ZooLights 2016 (see Friday for details).
Sunday, December 25 - Christmas Day
- San Francisco Botanical Garden Free Day
Golden Gate Park, San Francisco
Sunday, 7:30 am–4 pm
The Botanical Garden is a living museum within Golden Gate Park and is one of the most diverse gardens in the world, offering 55 acres of both landscaped gardens and open spaces, showcasing over 8,000 different kinds of plants from around the world. Admission is free for all on Christmas Day. For more info, visit their website.
- CJM Community Free Day
Contemporary Jewish Museum, San Francisco
Sunday, 11 am–4 pm
The CJM's Community Day is an admission-free, fun-for-all extravaganza that has become an annual tradition for Bay Area families. Explore the galleries, create art, and move and groove to live music! Alison Faith Levy and her Big Time Tot Rock Band perform at 1 and 2:30 pm. Hungry guests can enjoy a delicious menu from the Wise Sons Jewish Delicatessen from 11 am–3 pm. Bring your family and friends and enjoy an exciting day at the museum. No reservations or tickets are necessary. Location: 736 Mission Street, San Francisco. For more info, visit their website.
- Bill Graham Menorah Day
Union Square, San Francisco
Sunday, 2–6 pm
The second lighting ceremony for the Bill Graham Menorah in Union Square features local officials and longtime Bill Graham colleagues, musical performances, the Dreidel House, and kids' music and crafts. Kids' activities start at 2 pm and the lighting takes place at 5 pm. Location: 333 Post Street, San Francisco 94108. Learn more.
- Chinese Style Chanukah Party
Chabad of Novato
Sunday, 5 pm
Enjoy a kosher Chinese dinner, music, games, and homemade latkes and donuts. This is a free event, sponsored by Harvest Market and Nugget Market. RSVP required. Location: Chabad of Novato, 7430 Redwood Boulevard, Suite D, Novato 94945. Learn more and RSVP.
- Marin on Ice (see Friday for details)
- The Rombeiro Christmas House (see Friday for details).
- Holiday Ice Skating in Union Square (see Friday for details).
- The Mickey Mouse Christmas House (see Friday for details)
- ZooLights 2016 (see Friday for details).
- Reindeer Romp (see Saturday for details).
- Whale Watching at Point Reyes Lighthouse (see Saturday for details).


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What I learned Monday #144
By e on September 9, 2013
1) I want to write a song JUST so Jimmy Fallon and the Roots can cover it with elementary school instruments. 2)there's nothing like a free HBO weekend to see all of the crappy movies you missed in the theater. 3) in email correspondence ALWAYS try to answer the person's question before asking one of […]
Posted in another monday | Tagged chador, joy, monkey, tattoos, wrench | Leave a response
How do you solve a problem like maria?
By e on September 5, 2013
On my bike I ride. Pretty basket on the front. Tiny bell that goes ding or DING. Forgetting no rear view mirrors. I look over shoulder stiff necked. No helmet…too cool. In my head I see me as sister maria. All sound of musiced up. All flowing dress long legs smelling like a girl. Let's […]
Posted in what's external | Tagged bike rider, joy, monkey wrench, tori amos | Leave a response
Baby got back
By e on September 5, 2013
After fierce criticism, I have tried to temper my largess. Lately when going into a group of people I tried my darnedest to be demure. I'd think, I'm going to let someone else lead the room. It occurred to me in this experiment that I can not be a corner dweller. And not for the […]
Posted in good time monkey | Tagged center of attention, joy, monkey, wrench | 2 Responses
Silver lining ugly truth
By e on September 4, 2013
The tough spot. Something happens and it takes your breath. Do you taste bile because you think there but for the grace of God go I? Do you pull those you love a bit closer just because you can? The dust settles around you as the news sinks in and you feel…what? Relief? Maybe a […]
Posted in bitch slapped | Tagged Cancer, joy, monkey, wrench | Leave a response
What I learned Monday #143
By e on September 2, 2013
1) people never have just 1 Penn State sticker 2) even if your last name is dykstra, cutter is a stupid name. 3) don't gore your ear on a butterfly bush. 4) if you aren't watching the bridge, you are silly. 5) FXX? Really?! That's the best you could come up with for a new […]
Posted in another monday | Tagged joy, Labor Day, monkey, wrench | Leave a response
This is our America
By e on September 1, 2013
Watch this: http://www.upworthy.com/if-you-have-to-tell-your-kids-this-stuff-then-you-probably-arent-a-white-per First, thank you, thank you, thank you Javon Johnson for a beautifully crafted piece. I love the syncopation of your delivery. I burn at your pain. My heart breaks for the four year old boy beside you in the car and the one you carry inside of you. No, I do not […]
Posted in things you might not want to know | Tagged black America, joy, monkey, racism, wrench | Leave a response
Move the hands of the stopped clock
By e on August 30, 2013
Today my sweet brew turns forty. I had a whole piece crafted around this fact. The most important thing to share is that I don't remember my life before I knew his name. His sweetness and tenacity make it easy to both love him and want to pinch him. Also things I have been doing […]
Posted in bitch slapped | Tagged death, joy, loss, monkey, the brew, wrench | Leave a response
Old yeller
By e on August 29, 2013
When I was a kid I had lots of earaches. LOTS. The result was a good deal of scar tissue and hearing loss in my right ear. I remember clearly being constantly counseled to stop yelling by my parents. I remember thinking to myself I can't hear myself when I don't. Then I got tubes […]
Posted in another chapter | Tagged earaches, hearing loss, joy, monkey, tubes, wrench | 6 Responses
Finders keepers, losers weepers
By e on August 28, 2013
I recently saw a wonderful story about a man who entered a song contest put out by a independent record label. It was a songwriter's contest. Contestants were invited to put their song on YouTube then send the link to them. Fred sent a package with a letter, pictures, and lyrics. He wasn't a musician. […]
Posted in a love letter of sorts | Tagged hubs, hunk, joy, monkey, stubby, wrench | Leave a response
What I learned Monday #142
By e on August 26, 2013
1) I thought everyone sings at the top of their lungs when they vacuum. My mistake. 2) it's just a tiny bit inappropriate that the new target back to school commercial has salt and peppa's "push it" played by recorders. 3) supportive bra and shoes, I'm ready to work full time on my feet. 4) […]
Posted in another monday | Tagged joy, monkey, wrench | Leave a response


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Businesses of all types and sizes throughout the United States, Mexico and beyond bring their disputes to Gardere's litigation team and receive practical, responsive, boutique-style attention in return. Our clients have access to the firepower and value of a well-known and highly-regarded Firm's capabilities and interdisciplinary strengths.
Gardere has a national and international energy practice formed around our Energy Industry Team, which is a multidisciplinary group of approximately 80 attorneys with diverse backgrounds, experience and skills specific to the energy industry. Our team includes attorneys who have served as in-house counsel for major energy companies, providing a depth of insight into our clients' needs, issues and concerns. We understand and regularly practice in virtually every sector of the energy, and we represent a wide variety of industry participants from multinational corporations to individuals.
From our offices in the United States and Mexico, our International Practice helps clients operate in today's global economy. We have more than 30 professionals operating as a boutique within an Am Law 200 law firm and are able to provide focused service with the resources of a large firm. We understand that clients who are engaged in the global marketplace need lawyers who can operate seamlessly across multiple jurisdictions. Our international experts are multi-lingual, are culturally fluent and intimately familiar with various legal systems across the world, especially those in Latin America. Whether you need help with commercial transactions, regulatory matters, customs and import regulations, immigration matters, M&A and joint ventures, international disputes, or international tax planning, Gardere's international team is here to assist you.
We represent domestic and foreign private funds in all aspects of fund formation, fund operations, platform and add-on acquisitions, and portfolio company operations. Our team has a reputation for being the go-to-lawyers for private equity funds, hedge funds, venture capital funds and family offices. We are known for our vast deal experience, the efficient way we staff and manage our work, and the way we maintain our relationships. We get deals done with sophisticated, strategic, and practical advice tailored to the needs of our clients.
*Not admitted to practice law.
Law360 covered Gardere's recent announcement welcoming Arcie I. Jordan as a corporate partner in the Firm's Austin office. Ms. Jordan joins Gardere with more than 20 years of experience advising companies expanding internationally to and from the United States. Her practice focuses on international transactional, transportation, trade and immigration matters.
"We are excited to have Arcie join our Austin office," said Kimberly A. Yelkin, who leads Gardere's Austin office. "As a leader in the industry, Arcie's proven track record and wealth of experience will be of great benefit to the Firm's international practice and to our multinational clients."
Subscribers can access the full article here. Gardere's press release welcoming Arcie Jordan to the Firm can be found here.
The publications contained in this site do not constitute legal advice. Legal advice can only be given with knowledge of the client's specific facts. By putting these publications on our website we do not intend to create a lawyer-client relationship with the user. Materials may not reflect the most current legal developments, verdicts or settlements. This information should in no way be taken as an indication of future results.
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- Please select a date to see the proper prices!
Description of the accommodation:
Rooms, services APA Hotel Keisei-Narita-Ekimae Narita may be an ideal location for a trip or holiday in Japan. The guests of the hotel may stay in 458 nicely furnished, comfortable rooms in Narita. If you feel like having a meal not included in your chosen type of catering, you can always taste local dishes in the restaurant of the hotel. Parking is availably nearby for those arriving by car. Airport transfer is provided upon preliminary request. You can also bring your laptop for the holiday, for there is wireless Internet connection (WiFi) available at the hotel. To learn more about the exact range of services of APA Hotel Keisei-Narita-Ekimae Narita (including services for an extra fee) and the exact equipment of the rooms, please check the information sheet below.
Payment Credit card guarantee or advance bank card payment may be required for the reservation, depending on the chosen room, date and price.
Arrival, opening hours The earliest time to check in at the hotel is 15:00, the latest time to check out is 11:00. The personnel of the hotel can speak in Japanese and English with you.
APA Hotel Keisei-Narita-Ekimae Narita rooms Rooms
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Parking (1 500 €/night)
Free WiFi in shared places
Default services: Garden, Elevator
Airport transfer
Own restaurant
Hairdryer, Microwave oven, Washing machine, Tea/coffee-maker


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ThemeForest SIMPLEONE Html5 Responsive ecommerce Template 3825088
Site Template \ Retail \ Shopping
Bootstrap \ Template \ Purchased \ Ecommerce \ Responsive \ Product \ Features
Site Template - SIMPLEONE Html5 Responsive ecommerce Template 3825088 by pxcreatetemplate @ ThemeForest
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text: This will be "brief" with more details added later as it is 3 am my time with the rescheduled test event from last Saturday set to begin in about 9 hours Alpha 4 is out with a bunch of new/fixed/updated modules: Dialogs - added to lineup as it is now used in DynamicCities to let the player interact with NPCs (for the trading system for instance) DynamicCities - heavily updated since last as part of @Cpt. Crispy Crunchy's GSOC project, may need to run it with MedievalCities enabled too (possible crash issue without?) Economy - a basic market economy setup for DynamicCities GooeysQuests - also lots of new stuff by @Florian since last. Beginning to feel more like a dungeon, certainly more dangerous Lakes - one of Crispy's pre-GSOC experiments, makes both surface and underground lakes (even lava ones!), mixes well with the Caves module MedievalCities - first major new extension to DynamicCities, this one by @Skaldarnar inspired by his beautiful Gothic Village of ages past. Counts as a new "culture" for DC making it use the buildings defined here, developed with the help of the StructuralTemplates module. May be needed at the moment to get DC to run (but is not a hard dependency - just some crash issue getting in the way of the default setup) Potions - rewritten by @xtariq with some stuff extracted out of ThroughoutTheAges, split out to be useful alone for something like GooeysQuests. Lots of potions, with an Alchemy module waiting to be added soon to help craft them. Rails - fixed some first by @SkySom then @Michael and finally back in the lineup! Is back to working well enough to place carts on rails to play around with a bit, but certainly needs more work TutorialAssetSystem - development tutorial module put together by @oniatus some time back, related to how to use in-game assets in new modules TutorialDynamicCities - the tutorial module for DC TutorialGraphicTweaks - not quite in the lineup yet (pending an engine PR) but illustrates the new flexibility coming from @tdgunes' GSOC project, allowing a shader to be developed in a module (I even tried making one myself!) TutorialNui - goes with @Rostyslav Zatserkovnyi's GSOC project, its wiki covers his NUI editor and some of NUI itself (no actual tutorial code/assets yet, just the wiki) WeatherManager - older module that just wasn't added to the lineup for some reason. Adds a minimal blocky cloud layer to the world along with a simulation of what the weather is, which admittedly isn't illustrated much in-game yet (just in code/logs) I'll be setting up the event server so we can use it Saturday, just about all day so long as there's interest. We'll start seriously in about 9 hours, so long as I can actually get some sleep and make it there May start with some discussion then get into play testing later. The event server may well be up early and available for those just curious to play. In other news our project's 5th birthday (or 4th birthday? Been 5 years in any case. Off-by-one error?) is coming up in about two weeks. I'll be setting something up for Saturday the 24th of September, which will include a neat little surprise. More on that soon along with more details but for now I need sleep


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37460 Ultima Plaza Boulevard, Prairieville, LA 70769Request info Add to list
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Mark B H.
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|2,400 sqft
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Building Details:
37460 Ultima Plaza Boulevard is aretail property for lease in Prairieville, LA. The property currently has 1 retail space for lease and is marketed by Kurz & Hebert.
Modern shopping center area located just on the outskirts of Baton Rouge. High traffic area with main access from Airline Highway. Other tenants bring large volume to the area such as a newly built Raising Cane's. This shopping center is adjacent to Winn Dixie Supermarket and the Prairieville Walmart Supercenter is on the opposite side of Airline.
Rental Rate: $16 - 18 PSF (Annual)
Monthly Rent: $1,612 - 3,150
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Texas Arlington Mavericks at Utah State Aggies Basketball
Thu, Jan 24, 2013 7:05 pm
Dee Glen Smith Spectrum, Logan, UT
Sorry, this event has already taken place. Please see similar events below.
|Dec 30 Sat 12:00 AM
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|Viejas Arena
San Diego, CA
|Jan 6 Sat 7:00 PM
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|Thomas & Mack Center
Las Vegas, NV
|Jan 13 Sat 1:00 PM
|Utah State Aggies at Nevada Wolf Pack Basketball
|Lawlor Events Center
Reno, NV
|Jan 27 Sat 4:00 PM
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Fresno, CA
|Feb 24 Sat 2:00 PM
|Utah State Aggies at Air Force Falcons Basketball
|Clune Arena
Air Force Academy, CO


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Out of Records
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text: So I've been trying everything I could to get this game to work with the backup launcher of NeoGamma v9. But all I seem to get is a black screen, regardless of what options I use. It's either a black screen or no video signal depending on the video mode used. Here is a video of what is happening, could show something I might be looking over: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j7nCX4KQC8w As shown in the video, using default options, recognizes the game in the loader, boots up the gamecube loader too and afterwards freezes up when it attempts to load the game resulting in a black screen. Anyways, I did everything according to the mini FAQ in the beta topic, but I'll list again here what I have done before to pin point the problem: - Made sure my Wii was able to read burned DVD's - Using NeoGamma 9 v50 (should I try another version? If so which one?) - Installed d2x cIOS with base IOS56 downloaded through ModMii with IOS236 on my Wii. (use another cIOS?) - Installed the newest cMIOS based on v10 which can be found in the thread, downloaded through NUS (I've tried v4 too but the same result). When Installing the cMIOS I am using IOS236. Have used the default settings in the next menu (no revision, patch for homebrew&backups to yes). - Burned F-Zero GX PAL on 4x speed using Tayuo Uden DVD -R media, done through ImgBurn. Came out with no burn errors and didn't touch the computer at all during the progress. I'm not sure if I forgot any info, but please ask if I did. This is driving me crazy lol. Any help is deeply appreciated!


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1981 Beatrix Potter's Mrs.Tabitha Twitchit Schmid Music: "It's a Small World"
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1981 Beatrix Potter's Mrs.Tabitha Twitchit Schmid Music: "It's a Small World"
1981 Beatrix Potter's Mrs.Tabitha Twitchit Schmid Music Box: Plays "It's a Small World". On the bottom it is stamped Schmid 1981 and says "from the the Tale of Samual Whiskers or the Roly Poly Pudding". Measures 7" tall and about 4" wide.
Wind the music box by turning the round base at bottom and the music plays as the figurine revolves. With one wind up, the music plays a long time! This is a lovely figurine music box, destined to become a family keepsake.
and no international. Terms of Sale: Returns are accepted up to 14 days after you receive your merchandise if you are not satisfied with your purchase. Please email me if you are returning your purchase. Return cost for shipping is paid by the buyer on returned merchandise. Items must be returned in their original packaging and condition in which it was shipped to buyer. All return transactions are handled through PayPal. Thank you! Contact Us: ... read more


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Items where Course is BA (HONS) MEDIA STUDIES AND DRAMA
Group by: Author | Item Type
Number of items at this level: 3.
Hargreaves, Martin (2009) How has the representation of gay men changed from 1980's British television drama to more contemporary examples? BA dissertation, University of Portsmouth.
Kelly, Rosanna (2011) An examination of 'new weird America' folk-derived music's authenticity through Theodor Adorno's theory on 'popular' music and the culture industry. BA dissertation, University of Portsmouth.
Surovcova, Juliana (2012) Star Wars fan identity: the relationship between fandom and identity formation processes. BA dissertation, University of Portsmouth.


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Approximately 5,500 SF available on the 4th Floor Sublease term of up to two (2) years Available June 1, 2015 Primarily open plan space
1110 Hamilton Street is located in the heart of Yaletown and is home to the internationally-acclaimed Yaletown Brewing Company at the corner of Helmcken and Hamilton Streets. This premier location offers tenants access to a variety of amenities, and proximity to the Yaletown-Roundhouse SkyTrain station on the Canada Line.


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Blurry Trailer (2015)
31 October 2015 8 mins
A woman with an over-active imagination sees the world unlike anyone else, but that's not always a good thing. When her visions become too distracting, she leaps at the opportunity to get a chip implant that removes her imagination. After the procedure, her entire perspective on life and herself changes... but for the better?
Watch the official Blurry 2015 trailer in HD below or find more Blurry videos on Vidimovie.


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It's Monday morning and I'm super excited (and I'm barely on my first cup of coffee)! Know why? Because I've got something really cool to share with you!
Did you follow along with the Jump tour last month? Maybe you read this post of mine. Or this one.
Or maybe you're new around here and have no idea what I'm talking about.
That's okay too!
Here's a little blurb to get you up to speed:
The Jump Blog Tour was hosted by Stephanie Hall and Ashley Wilhite (that's me!), the co-creators of Jump: Into your business, your life, your dream, a must-have digital guide for new coaches & creatives. They believe in the transformational power of taking the jump and creating a business you love. This all-inclusive guide will teach you how to start a business, find your niche, brand like a pro, and make the jump with confidence.
So, for the entire month of January, we hopped from site to site as brilliant bloggers shared their secrets with us.
We chatted with Shenee Howard, Sarah von Bargen, Jessica Hammond, Melyssa Griffin, Lisa Butler, Kyla Roma, Hannah Braime, Kerry Nieberding, Julie Edmonson, Michelle Ward, Helena Swyter, Kate Byrne, Kristi Snyder, Justine Blakeney, Sarah Morgan, Kait Jones, Katie Lee, Ciera Holzenthal, Jenny Highsmith, Emse Wang, and Mara Glatzel. It was sooo much fun!
We talked about Brand Consistency, Work/Life Balance, Building Habits, Investing in Yourself, Blogging, Confidence, Branding + Design, Creativity, Systems + Productivity, Money, Learning New Skills, Personality, Self-Discovery, Taking Risks + Being Bold, Clarity, Passion, Mindset, Authenticity, Branching Out, Self-Care, and Self-Love.
Instead of having you click through to each of their (amazing) sites, we've compiled their posts into a super awesome FREE ebook for you that you can browse will sipping a chai latte.
If you wanna take your blog to the next level, build better habits, learn a few design tricks, or hear behind-the-scenes stories of how these ladies started their businesses, you're gonna want to check this out.
Yep, we've got 56 pages of big-time secrets to share with you right now!
[Click here to download Insider Secrets for New Coaches & Creatives for free]
Want to help spread the word about this perfect little inspirational ebook? I'd love that:
Can't wait to dig into the FREE Insider Secrets by Brilliant Bloggers ebook by @AshleyD + @stephiestylings! http://bit.ly/1jq0DhR [click here to tweet]
I'm learning some Insider Secrets to take my blog to the next level with @AshleyD + @stephiestylings! Join the fun: http://bit.ly/1jq0DhR [click here to tweet]
P.S. Once you read through the ebook, come back here and leave a comment telling me your favorite secrets you discovered!