text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|Apr 3, 1990
|Filing date
|Sep 18, 1987
|Priority date
|Sep 18, 1986
|Fee status
|Also published as
|Publication number
|Geoffrey M. Hudson, Kingsley J. F. Allen
|Original Assignee
|Hudson-Allen Limited
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (30), Referenced by (4), Classifications (7), Legal Events (4)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
This invention relates generally to the digital processing of electrical signals and in particular to the digital processing of an electrical signal which is produced by one or more sensors in a device for reading binary storage media and which represents a set of successive stored binary values. In specific applications, the invention is concerned with the reading of information stored in a medium as multiple machine readable record entries, typically bits of binary data.
The electrical signal would normally be an analog signal in which values for an observed parameter are indicated by voltage or current outputs from one or more sensing elements. The sensing elements may, for example, be observing the magnetic field of a medium in its immediate vicinity or the opacity or reflectivity of an optically sensed medium.
The most common method of obtaining a digital signal from an analog one, where a digital value of either one or zero is expected, is to use a comparator to compare a voltage or current with a reference signal. The comparator typically outputs one of the two voltages corresponding to the two possible binary values. Various and often sophisticated techniques have been described for the purpose of enhancing the signal in analog form using analog circuits before conversion to digital values, as have been digital error correction techniques used to enhance the resulting digital data.
In the particular application of processing signals received from a detector which is reading densely arranged information in binary code and which itself is a read head comprised of multiple detector elements, the outputs of the elements do not necessarily coincide with the values on the medium unless, at the very least, there is precise registration between the two. The past approach for achieving adequate registration between read heads and data has been to ensure sufficient mechanical precision in the location of read heads with respect to the data. To circumvent the increasing mechanical difficulty and cost of achieving registration with increasing data density, U.S. Pat. No. 4,695,991 discloses a compensation technique entailing manipulation of the observed values instead of attempts to achieve actual registration. However, there remain difficulties with that technique, in its various embodiments, in handling the increasing influence of multiple bits on the output of a single detector element as the data density increases, for example arising from the optics of a photosensitive detector arrangement.
The invention provides a method of processing an electrical signal produced by one or more sensors in a device for reading binary storage media, which signal represents a set of successive stored binary values, comprising:
combining digital values which represent a selection of two or more samples of the electrical signal, using digital circuits, to produce an intermediate digital representation of the samples of the selection;
processing said intermediate digital representation to derive one of the said binary values; and
repeating said combining and processing steps for other selections of said samples whereby to obtain said set of successive stored or communicated binary values.
The initial electrical signal may itself comprise a sequence of samples so that the digital values represent some or all of the samples of the sequence, or the signal may be successively sampled and digitised, e.g. at successive intervals, to produce the digital values.
A set of the digital values representing samples of the electrical signal may first be produced and the digital values then combined for each selection in turn.
Each sample may be included in a plurality of the selections and may thereby contribute to a plurality of the intermediate digital representations. The actual number of selections in which each sample is included will vary with the particular circumstances of each analysis.
The digital values for each selection of samples are preferably also combined with one or more further digital values providing information about the electrical signal and/or about the relationship of samples within the electrical signal. Each said selection of samples is advantageously dependent upon these further digital value(s): in one preferred application of the invention, each such selection is made with regard to a predetermined spatial relationship between multiple secondary sources generating said electrical signal and multiple primary sources to which said secondary sources are responsive. The same selection of samples may be combined with different further digital values to produce two different digital representations of the selection.
Each selection of two or more samples preferably comprises a selection of immediately successive samples.
The intermediate digital representation is preferably utilized to address a memory store, e.g. a read-only memory. The contents of the aforesaid address may be utilized by being directly output as the binary value for the set. Alternatively, the store may contain predetermined values which indicate a propensity for a binary value to be 1. The memory store may have been computed from a mathematical model of the sensing apparatus, or may have been assembled experimentally.
Said processing of each such indicator value preferably further includes comparing the intermediate digital representation and/or a derivation of the intermediate digital representation such as the aforesaid predetermined values, with one or more reference levels, and outputting a binary value in dependence on such comparison. In general, the binary value output may be either a 0 or 1. Plural such reference levels may be provided and the comparison may be made with one or more of these levels in a predetermined sequence.
For enhanced analysis, two or more of the intermediate digital representations may be processed together to derive each binary value. Such joint processing may comprise addition of contributions derived from the respective digital representations.
The invention also provides apparatus for processing an electrical signal produced in a device for reading binary storage media, which signal represents a set of successive stored or communicated binary values, comprising
digital circuitry means for combining digital values which represent each of plural selections of two or more of samples of the electrical signal to produce an intermediate digital representation of the samples of the respective selection; and
means for processing each said intermediate digital representation to derive a respective one of the said binary values.
The apparatus may be configured to include each of the optional and preferred features described above in connection with the method. The digital circuitry means may comprise a digital shift register and the processing means preferably includes a memory store, e.g. a read-only memory. The contents of this store may be output binary values, or predetermined values which indicate the propensity of a binary value to be 1. The processing means may further include adders or Boolean logic processors for comparing the intermediate digital representation, or a derivative thereof, with one or more reference levels or logical tests.
In a particular advantageous application, the invention affords a method of reading information comprising a set of successive binary values stored in a medium as multiple machine readable record entries arranged in frames which are themselves arranged in one or more channels, which record entries are indicative of values from a limited set of possible values, the method comprising:
observing each frame in turn with a substantially known array of detector elements such that each record entry is at least partly within the field of observation of at least one detector element, whereby to produce a first set of observed binary values for each frame represented by the states and/or outputs of the detector elements;
outputting those states and/or outputs as an electrical signal comprising a sequence of observed values representing said stored binary values;
combining digital values which represent a selection of two or more samples of the electrical signal, using digital circuits, to produce an intermediate digital representation of the samples of the selection;
processing said intermediate digital representation to derive one of the said binary values; and
repeating said combining and processing steps for other selections of said samples whereby to obtain said set of successive stored binary values.
Preferred apparatus for carrying out this method comprises:
a holder to temporarily support or retain said medium;
a substantially known array of detector elements movable relative to said holder;
means to scan each frame with said array such that each record entry is at least partly within the field of observation of at least one detector element to produce a first set of observed values for each frame represented by the state and/or outputs of the detector elements;
means to output those states and/or outputs as an electrical signal comprising a sequence of observed values representing said stored binary values;
digital circuitry means for combining digital values which represent each of plural selections of two or more of samples of the electrical signal to produce an intermediate digital representation of the samples of the respective selection; and
means for processing each said intermediate digital representation to derive a respective one of the said binary values.
The invention will be further described, by way of example only, with reference to a specific application, viz the reading of information stored in a medium as an ordered array of optically machine readable record entries each comprising bits of binary data. Such an application of the invention is an improvement with respect to the concepts disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,695,991, but it is to be emphasized that such application is strictly an exemplary utility of the invention, which is concerned generally with the digital processing of an electrical signal comprising a set of multiple successive values.
In the accompanying drawings:
FIGS. 1A and 1B respectively depict in plan a magnified (47�) portion and a smaller further magnified (6�) sub-portion of a microfiche in which information is stored in multiple optically machine readable record entries;
FIG. 2 schematically depicts a simple arrangement for reading the fiche shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a flow diagram for the principal steps in scanning and reading a channel of the fiche;
FIG. 4 is a block circuit diagram of an arrangement for practising a first embodiment of the invention under microprocessor control;
FIG. 5 is a functional block diagram, for the data extraction logic module 51 indicated in FIG. 4;
FIG. 5A is a simpler form of part of the diagram of FIG. 5, referred to herein for purposes of illustration;
FIG. 6 is a more detailed block diagram of the sequencer, position calculator and control segment depicted in FIG. 5; and
FIG. 7 is a timing diagram for various signals in the circuits represented by FIGS. 5 and 6; and
FIG. 8 is a more detailed diagram of the sequencer/control of FIG. 6.
For the purposes of explanation, the ensuing discussion shall be based upon a number of simplifications. It will be assumed that the medium in which the information is stored is a microfiche, and that such information comprises binary data arranged as equi-spaced record entries in a series of linear record frames in one or more parallel channels. The frames extend perpendicularly to the channels and the record entries are indicative of the binary numbers 1 and 0, these comprising the limited set of possible values. Hence the record entries, which might for example comprise spots of substantially variable opacities, typically translucent and opaque spots, will herein be referred to as bits. It is to be emphasized that none of these simplifications constitute limitations on the ambit of the invention. For example, the record entries might be spots of magnetization or transitions from one value of opacity, or one magnetic field intensity or direction, to another, and a cartesian arrangement of the data, while presently thought to be optimal, is certainly not mandatory.
In a practical microfiche prepared along the above lines, the data may typically be arranged so that each channel is about 600 micron wide and comprises 7 longitudinal segments of about 9 mm each containing 800 frames of data bits. Each frame is 6 micron wide and each spot 6 micron in diameter at centres 6 micron apart. The frames are separated by a gap of, say, 12 micron. The microfiche may be, e.g., a silver halide master or a diazo copy thereof.
An illustration or photograph of a microfiche thus envisaged cannot be very informative as to detail. FIGS. 1A and 1B respectively illustrate a magnified (47�) portion and a smaller further magnified (6�) sub-portion of a representative fiche 10 on which data bits 26 are arranged in parallel channels 20, each divided into blocks or segments of groups of parallel frames 24. One of the possible values of the parallel bits, say 1, is positively indicated by a translucent "spot", but adjacent spots merge to form translucent bars. The other value, 0 in the example, is indicated by sustained opacity at the regular site for the bit.
The start ends of each channel segment, and therefore also the start of the channel, are preceded by a respective specially configured position indicator in the form of a channel synchronisation marker 30, having certain prescribed relationships to the respective channel segment as disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,695,991. Each frame 24 is associated, in a prescribed spatial relationship also disclosed in this patent publication, with its own position indicator comprising synchronisation marker 32. Markers 30 are geometrically similar, as are markers 32. Markers 32 for each frame are interconnected as depicted.
Fiche 10 is conveniently read by scanning along each channel in turn with a linear detector comprising multiple detector elements. A single detector might of course scan along each frame and thereby read each data bit in turn but it is much preferred to utilise a linear array of detector elements of span greater than a frame and so simultaneously read all bits of each frame in a single multi-element exposure. It is also preferable for the purposes of the invention that each record entry is at least partly within the field of observation of at least one detector element, and that each detector element has a limited field of observation and responds to each record entry within its field of observation in relation to the fraction of the record entry within such field of observation. A suitable such detector is a multiple elment photosensitive line image sensor designed for optical imaging at high sensitivity and speed. Such a sensor is typically associated with a charge-coupled device by which the charge state of each element is passed via a transfer gate to analog transport shift registers for storage. Such registers store the charge and then transport it to the output stage when required. This transport operation generally proceeds at constant speed so that the time at which a value is read bears a known relationship to the position of the respective detector element along the array.
An example of a commercial detector of this type is the Fairchild CCD 111, manufactured by the Fairchild Camera & Instrument Corporation of Palo Alto, Calif. The CCD 111 has 256 photosensitive detector elements in linear array, each element being of rectangular configuration in the plane of the array.
FIG. 2 schematically depicts a reader arrangement showing the principal components. Microfiche 10 is held in a glass platen 40 which moves from left to right and vice-versa while the illumination and optics assembly 41 (including read head 41a) moves on an axis 42 perpendicular to the paper. The illumination system comprises a bulb 43, a condensing lens 46, a mirror 46a to allow the illumination system to take less space, and filters 47. The light passes through platen 40 and fiche 10 and into a focussing lens 49, thence via another mirror 49a onto the photosensitive detector 44. That detector is served partly by other electronics mounted on the same printed circuit board 48 as the detector, and by other circuits not shown. Detector 44 is mounted to a carriage 45 which is movable for focus adjustment by a manual drive 45a. The whole read head 41a, housing lens 49, detector 44, carriage 45 and drive 45a are mounted at 41b for adjustment to and from platen 40.
Movement of platen 40 and assembly 41 is effected by separate drives comprising respective screw and nut mechanisms each powered by a suitable electric motor. The screw 51a and ball-race nut 51b of the mechanism for assembly 41 are visible in FIG. 2, which also shows in the left inset the electric motor 53c and screw 53a for platen 40. The axis of screw 53a is of course parallel to but out of the plane of the rest of FIG. 2.
It will be seen that the two drives are operable to selectively relatively move read head 41a relative to the fiche in either or both of two mutually perpendicular directions, parallel to the channels and parallel to the frames, so that the read head may scan each frame in turn, channel by channel. It is preferred that the drive relatively moves the microfiche at substantially constant velocity parallel to the data channels and perpendicularly to the frames, but in a stepwise motion parallel to the frames and perpendicular to the channels.
In use, the array of detector elements comprising detector 44 is exposed by the optics including lenses 46, 49 to light filtered by each frame in turn and so temporarily stores a charge in each of its constituent elements directly representative of the light intensity on that element from within a defined field of observation for the element determined by the interaction of the element with the optics. The device thus has the property that each constituent detector element responds to each record entry within its field of observation in relation to the fraction of the record entry lying within the field of observation of the respective detector element.
FIG. 3 is a simple flow chart outlining the sequence of steps executed by the reader arrangement as it scans, reads and analyses the information on the fiche. The first stage of such action will be to position the read head 41a at the start of the desired channel 20, and to start a relative motion of the channel passing under the read head. Next a marker 30 will be encountered. The examination of such markers (further detailed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,695,991) will typically involve a number of scans of the fiche by the photosensitive array, yielding the position of the array relative to the channel to a high level of confidence, and the relative orientation of the read head with the channel, the range of detector outputs likely to be observed, and the velocity of the channel relative to the read head. If one or more of these parameters are such that correct data extraction cannot be achieved then the mechanical system will be instructed to move the microfiche to the start of the channel and the problem will be reported to the host (micro) computer.
If conditions are found satisfactory, the read head moves relatively forward and scans the first of the markers 32 and then the first frame of the channel. PROCESS MARKER 32 is detailed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,695,991. PROCESS FRAME is in part the subject of the present invention and will be described more fully.
Following the exposure of each frame to the detector, the detector serially outputs a chain of electrical voltages indicative of the charge stored in each element of the detector. Because there has been no provision for exact registration of the detector elements with respect to the bits on the microfiche, it is necessary to process the output signal from the detector in order to determine the true bit values and it is this processing with which the present invention is concerned.
With reference to FIG. 4 the analog output of detector 44 is buffered and conditioned by a buffer amplifier and analog signal conditioner 52. The signal conditioning is simple, typically involving removal of "common mode" components such as those generated by temperature changes. The analog signal is then directly converted to a digital signal by the analog-to-digital (A/D) converter 56 when a pulse "Analog Data Ready" is issued by a timing unit 58. Immediately after each conversion, the digital signal comprising a small number (say 4) bits is passed to the first Random Access Memory (RAM) unit 60. In most applications of this invention, a high-speed analog-to-digital conversion, such as that provided by the "Flash Converter" TDC1021J produced by TRW, will be required.
In the application of the invention to data extraction from binary microfiche, a microprocessor 50, e.g. a Motorola M6809, controls the data acquisition, extraction and correction process. It sets the speed of timing unit 58 and sends a pulse to that unit when the signals from the detector 44 are to be presented to the buffer amplifier and thence to the analog to digital A/D converter. In addition, the microprocessor 50, establishes memory address settings and access modes in RAM memories 60 and 64, and stores various constants in data extraction logic 51.
Microprocessor 50 further oversees the processing according to the preferred practice of the present invention, performed by the data extraction logic 51, which determines the binary values on the medium from the combination of the binary representation of the signal supplied by the analog-to-digital converter 56 stored in the RAM 60 and other signals. In the case of binary microfiche, the "other signals" or "further digital values" may specify the position of the centre of the bit being extracted relative to the centre of the detection element whose output was last read from RAM 60. In other applications, the further digital values might represent quiescent conditions such as temperature or angular velocity, or signals related to neighbouring bits such as the bits in adjacent tracks on a disc.
The bits determined by the data extraction logic are stored in RAM 64 and then processed by error correction logic 66 in fashion similar to that exhibited in existing computer equipment. Logic 66 outputs via interface logic 67.
The novel aspect of this invention is the data extraction process exemplified in detail in FIGS. 5 and 6, which show one embodiment of the data extraction logic 51 in functional block form for the case where data is being read from binary microfiche. Parts not shown consist only of repetitions of the system shown with minor changes such as reduction of the number of samples included in a determination so that a single ROM replaces the two ROMs and the adder. The 1 or 2 digit numerals against connecting lines in FIGS. 5 and 6 indicate the number of distinct wires making up each connection. The components shown in FIG. 5 are as follows:
501: A sequence and control unit that generates commands and strobe signals for the other components which do the actual processing of the intermediate digital value to determine the binary value (bit) concerned. This unit is further explained in FIG. 6. Additional detail is provided in FIG. 8.
502: A shift register to store data from the RAM 60 (FIG. 4). This register is able to store 6 nibbles each of 4 bits, that word size being sufficient for reading data from binary microfiche. This register 502 will contain 6 nibbles representing the signal size at 6 successive samples. The contents of the register constitute an intermediate digital representation of a selection of samples of the input signal.
503: Two Read only memory (ROM) units which are
504: addressed by data in shift register 502, 3 nibbles at a time, and by extra bits or "further digital values" 515 generated by unit 501. These bits 515 indicate, e.g. the density of the data in the fiche or whether the fiche is diazo or vesicular. Bits 515 may also indicate the positon of the bit being read from the microfiche, relative to the nearest detector element. ROMs 503, 504 preferably produce 8 bit values representing vector dot products on receipt of a stroke pulse 510. ROMs 503, 504 contain values which indicate propensity for a bit to be a 1. These values are assembled either by experimental observation or by computation from a mathematical model of the sensing apparatus. The ROMs provide one technique of producing vector dot products. One vector is the intermediate digital representation of the sampled selection and the other vector is chosen from a set of one or more constant vectors.
505: An adder which will compute the sum of the values in the reference cells in the ROMs.
506: A digital comparitor which generates a "1" output if the sum produced by the adder 505 exceeds the selected digital reference value, or "0" otherwise.
507: A set of 8 bit wide storage registers which store Reference values for presentation to the comparitor 506. Components 607 and 608 in FIG. 6 are represented as component 507 in FIG. 5.
508: A set of bit storage registers to store the "1"s and "0"s produced by the comparitor 506 to specify an address.
509: A ROM whose contents are the correct values for final output bits given the "1"s and "0"s from the comparitor as stored in register 508. The ROM is a general implementation of voting logic since the outcome for any given set of "votes", i.e. tests, can be independently recorded and addressed. The voting logic typically provides a hierarchical sequence of tests so that the output bit at 522 is determined if one of an initial pair of tests is satisfied, but if neither is satisfied, the next pair is considered.
FIG. 6 is a more detailed block diagram for the unit 501 of FIG. 5. The components of unit 501 comprise:
601: A decoder which reads the 16 bit address 523 on the microprocessor bus, and determines if that address refers to any of the 10 registers shown in FIG. 6. The decoder would typically test the high order 12 bits for a particular value, and if that test was successful it would assert one of 10 lines selected by the value of the low order 4 bits.
602: A 16-bit increment register showing the number of sensor elements or sensor samples to be advanced between one bit evaluation and the next. In general this will not be a whole number, and typically the low order 14 bits will represent a fractional value.
603: A 16-bit wide adder which receives the contents 612 of the increment register as an input 603 and adds them to a position register 604 on being strobed by a signal 626 from the sequencer/control unit 605 described below.
604: A bit position register which shows the fractional part of the sensor element of sample number for the bit being processed. In the case where the increment always falls between x.75 and y.25 where y=x+1, then the full integral part of the position register need not be stored. In most steps to the next bit, the sample/sensor address should be advanced by y, with variations of plus or minus 1 at every 4th step at most. This adjustment is arranged by a ROM sequencer within unit 605.
605: A sequencer and control unit which is a (multiple) state machine based on a ROM. Its role is to determine the sequence of events such as:
fetching another nibble (4 bits) of data from the RAM 60 and shifting it into the shift register 503,
strobing the ROMs 503, 504 (signal 516), the adder 505 (signal 517), and the comparitor 506 (signal 518) to compute another bit of the address of the final bit in ROM 509, and gating register 508 to store that bit, and
commanding the ROM 509 to produce the final output bit 522 (signal 524), and incrementing the count of bits completed.
606: A Nibble address register which is loaded by the microprocessor 50, and incremented by the sequencer 605, and which addresses 4 bit quantities in RAM 60.
607: Four 8 bit wide Reference registers, containing values to be compared with the output of adder 505.
608: Four 8 bit wide gates to select the Reference value to be presented to comparitor 506.
The sequencer and control unit 605 is detailed further in FIG. 8 and includes:
801: A 2 bit register to store the 2 most significant bits of the fractional part of the position register 604 before it is incremented by the value stored in register 602. This allows the change in these bits to influence whether the Sequencer 605 varies the number of sensor elements/samples to be shifted into shift register 502.
802: A Read Only Memory (ROM) containing the signals to be applied to each strobe line and timing signal (512, 514, 516, 517, 518, 524, 626) at each stage of the processing of the intermediate digital signal, a clock pulse 812 for register 801 and also part of the address of the next cell in that same ROM to be used to determine the next values for all these signals.
803: A Buffer register to store the signals produced by ROM 802.
804: An 8 bit up/down counter which is loaded by the microprocessor 50 (signal 615), and then incremented by the ROM sequencer (802, 803) (signal 818) each time a bit is completed. Once the correct number of bits have been done, the most significant bit of the counter 804 will be set, and processing will halt.
805: An inverter to negate the true signal from the significant bit of counter 804.
806: a free running clock producing pulses or a square wave at an appropriate frequency, say 10 MegaHertz, to step the state machine provided by ROM 802 to the next state on each pulse or rising edge.
807: An AND gate to allow the pulses or rising edges from the clock to propagate 815 to clock the ROM 802 and the buffer 803.
To discuss the operation of the processing of the digital signals in this example, it is useful to consider several time subdivisions, viz:
T1: The time associated with reading a particular medium, e.g. a particular floppy disc or microfiche. This time would typically be minutes to hours.
T2: The time for the processing of a group of sensor signals/samples which should be treated similarly, but might represent several bits. This time would probably be a small number of milliseconds or hundreds of microseconds. Event T2 would be likely to occur thousands or millions of times each time a medium is loaded.
T3: The time is extract a single data bit. This is likely to be a small number of microseconds or hundreds of nanoseconds. T3 would typically occur 30 to 300 times in each event T2.
T4: The time for a single step of the Sequencer unit 605. This is likely to be in the range 10 to 100 nanoseconds, and would occur 10 to 100 times in each T3 event.
The reference values stored in registers 607 and the increment stored in the Increment Register 602, would typically be loaded via databus 524 by the microprocessor 50 once per time T1, i.e. once per physical medium. These values might be constant from one medium to another and stored in ROM is some implementations, but there is merit in allowing the microprocessor 50 to directly examine the digitized sensor output, and to determine the optimum values for these parameters. FIG. 4 shows a bus path between the microprocessor 50 and the RAM 60, so that the microprocessor can read the digitized signals from detector 44. By examining these signals, and by simulating the anlysis done by the data extraction logic 51 and the error correction logic 66, the microprocessor can find the values for thresholds and for the position increment which give the lowest raw error rate, and hence the most reliable data. This parameter determination process could extend to values in ROMs 503, 504 and 509, in which case these memories would be RAMs rather than ROMs.
Each time T2 a group of detector samples is generated and stored in RAM 60, the microprocessor establishes the initial Nibble address and loads it via databus 524 into Register 606. This determination is achieved by the microprocessor examining data in RAM 60 which might reflect the presence of special markers such as described in the aforementioned U.S. Pat. No. 4,695,991. This same process is employed to generate the (fractional) position to be loaded into Position Register 604. With all registers now loaded, the microprocessor 50 writes a number N, less than 128, into sequencer 501 to request processing of 128-N bits. Decoder 601 is addressed via line 523 and generates a load pulse 615 for ROM sequencer 605. Sequencer 605 generates a sequence of signals to load 6 nibbles into register 502 to establish the intermediate digital representation to be processed. The system is now ready to determine bit values. More particularly, the number N is written into count register 804. Load pulse 615 is also a reset 814 for buffer register 803 so that the low order bits of the address are zero. At each location, ROM 802 stores bits to generate the aforementioned sequence of signals.
Each time T3, the Sequencer 501 performs one or more evaluations of the intermediate digital representation in shift register 502. In each evaluation, the Extra bits 515 may be set to select ROM areas, the ROMs 503 and 504 are strobed by a strobe signal 516 to present the contents of the addressed location to the adder 505 (or in other implementations directly to the comparitor 506 or even the output 522). The adder is then strobed 517 to present the sum to the comparitor. At the same time a reference value is selected by asserting a signal on one of the lines 625, and a gate to a bit register in Register group 508 is enabled by signal 523. The comparitor 506 is then strobed by signal 518 to store its output 520 in the selected cell in Register 508.
Once the required number of evaluations (in this case 4) has been completed, the sequencer issues Strobe Output signal 524 to command the output ROM 509 to gate its signal 522 to the error processing logic 66 (FIG. 4) which is not part of this invention and of known design. Sequencer 501 then issues a sequence of pulses to Increment Nibble Address counter 606 (pulse 616) so that the address lines 511 point to the next nibble in RAM 60, to strobe RAM 60 (Read pulse 512), and to shift the nibble presented into Shift Register 502 (pulse 514). This is done several times (say 2 or 3) depending on the previous (signal 811) and present (signal 614) most significant bits of the Position in register 604. The timing of this latter process is illustrated in the timing diagram given in FIG. 7.
At the completion of each bit, a signal 626 strobes adder 603 to determine the position of the next bit and thereby determine the number of nibbles to be shifted into register 502.
Data 510 from RAM 60 (FIG. 4) is received by Shift Register 502 which can store 6 "nibbles" (of 4 bits each). Thus the register 502 contains an intermediate digital representation of a selection of samples of the input signal. They can be thought of as hexadecimally digital although they are actually stored in binary form.
A major benefit of the digital representation and the processing thereof is the reduction of the influence of neighbouring bits on the bit whose value is being determined. To illustrate this it is necessary to consider the contents of the ROMs 503 and 504. However, each of these ROMs contains 16,384 8 bit numbers, so listing of their contents would serve more to hide the principles than to reveal them. Accordingly, a smaller example is considered. In this example, the samples are represented by 3 bit numbers (octal digits) rather than 4 bit numbers, only 4 samples are included in the shift register rather than 6, and no extra bits are considered. With these values, the top right part of FIG. 5 becomes as shown in FIG. 5A.
Suppose the Sequencer 501 was programmed to locate the samples/sensor values most closely associated with the bit whose value is being determined in the middle of the shift register, i.e. in digits 2 and/or 3. Digits 1 and 4 would then indicate the influence of other bits and these digits would be taken to oppose digits 2 and 3 in as much as a high value in digits 1 or 4 would indicate that some of the value in digits 2 and 3 would be due to bits other than the bit being evaluated. Table I might be used in this simpler example:
TABLE I______________________________________Example of Contents of ROMs 503a, 504a (FIG. 5A)Digit 1 or 4: 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7______________________________________ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 20 10 0 0 0 0 0 0Digit 3 60 20 10 10 0 0 0 02 4 100 60 50 40 30 20 10 0or 5 120 100 80 60 60 40 20 03 6 120 120 110 100 80 60 60 40 7 120 120 120 110 100 80 60 60______________________________________
In this case a sum of 120 from ROMs 503a and 504a would indicate a 1. While both ROMs would contain the same numbers, they would be ordered differently in that ROM 503a would take the numbers down the columns starting at the left, ROM 504a would have the numbers across the rows starting at the top.
The contents of ROMs 503, 504 would generally be determined by a combination of computer simulations of the medium and the detector and by trials of the actual apparatus, utilizing the predetermined addressing scheme. The computer simulations might use a known data pattern, and predict the detector output value corresponding to each bit in the pattern under a variety of conditions. The trials could be used to confirm or correct the computer simulation, or by reading known patterns from the medium and using a circuit which stored the values in these patterns rather than reading them, could record the values to be stored in the ROM.
The extra 3 bits 515, being the most significant in the ROM addresses, will select different areas in the ROMs appropriate to different conditions, or different tests. Provision for 3 bits allows 8 different tests, but not all 8 may be used for each bit determination. The sequencer will assert these lines at appropriate stages to select the test used. The tests chosen may depend on which type of medium is being read (where several similar but slightly different media are used), or ambient conditions and in these cases, the bits would be set by the controlling microprocessor 50.
In the implementation shown, two tests are performed for each bit. When the changed bit is 0, it selects test 1 whose results are compared with thresholds 1 and 2, when it is 1, it selects test 2 whose results are compared with thresholds 3 and 4.
In general, a multiplicity of ROMs would be used, perhaps with a pair of threshold values for each ROM set, in order to compensate for other factors besides the influence of neighbouring bits. One of the threshold values would test to see if the bit was a 1 and the other would test to see if it was a zero. If neither test was successful, then the bit would be determined by other ROMs and threshold values. To illustrate how the ROM 509 can provide this control, consider the following rules:
Rule 1: If the first sum is equal to or greater than 120, the bit is a 1.
Rule 2: If the first sum is less than or equal to 40, the bit is a zero.
Rule 3: If the first sum is between 40 and 120, and a second sum (perhaps using a different part of the ROM) is greater than 80 then the bit is a 1, otherwise it is a zero.
In this case, only 3 tests are required, and only 3 thresholds, and 3 bits in the bit register 508. These may be summarized in Table II:
TABLE II__________________________________________________________________________Illustration of Contents of Voting ROM 509Bit # 1 2 3Threshold 120 40 80A 1 means x > 120 x > 40 y > 80 Where x = first sum, y = second sumA 0 means x ≦ 120 x ≦ 40 y ≦ 80__________________________________________________________________________Case # Bit Value Comment Ruling Test__________________________________________________________________________0 0 0 0 0 x ≦ 40, y ≦ 80 21 0 0 1 0 x < 40, y > 80 22 0 1 0 0 40 < x < 120, y ≦ 80 33 0 1 1 1 40 < x < 120, y > 80 34 1 0 0 1 Impossible, 120 < 40 15 1 0 1 1 Impossible, 120 < 40 16 1 1 0 1 x > 120, y < 80 17 1 1 1 1 x > 120, y > 80 1__________________________________________________________________________
It is clear that a memory arrangement such as that described, can cover every possible requirement for voting logic. It also has the merit of being inexpensive, and easily changed during production.
It can be that some tests are more reliable than others. The voting logic described above ascribes a higher reliability to rules 1 and 2, than to rule 3. In the event that a rule of lower reliability determines the bit, this could be noted in another area of memory, and exploited by error correction logic. The area reserved for storing these doubtful indications could be the same size as the actual data, and all bits could be zero except where a low reliability test was used. Alternatively a count of bits to the next bit of low reliability, or other data compression formats could be used. The low reliability indication would come from ROM 509 which would then have two output bits addressed by the test results.
The low reliability indication could be used when errors are detected but in such quantity as to render their location impossible. For example a single Error Correcting, Double Error Detecting (SECDED) code might have a double bit error and an attempt to correct this error might be made by flipping the bits which were determined by unreliable tests.
Thus, in such an embodiment, the error correction logic would assess each derived binary value according to the logical test employed in its derivation.
FIG. 7 is a timing diagram for various signals as indicated in FIGS. 5 and 6. The Bit Gate signals 523a, 523b, 523c, and 523d (selecting successively the gates into bit register 508) are identical to the Reference selecting signals 625a etc, and are omitted from the diagram.
The example shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 is illustrative, in that it shows selection of samples contributing to a bit determination, use of read only memories to produce signals depending not only on a selection of the samples contributing but also on other binary data, use of an adder to combine these signals produced by the ROMs, use of a comparitor to test the resulting signal against a number of references, and use of voting logic to determine the bit value as a function of those tests. In many cases some parts of this assembly may be omitted. In particular where only a small number of samples have any bearing on a bit value, the entire process may be performed by a single ROM. In other cases the complete testing logic might include several sets of the logic shown in FIG. 5, perhaps varying in the samples chosen to participate, in the size of the ROMs, in the presence or otherwise of an adder, and in the number of reference values to be used. These separate logical elements would normally be combined in the end with a more complicated voting circuit which might rank determinations from one set of logic as more reliable than those from another.
It will be appreciated that the processing technique of the invention permits processing of the initial signal in a non-linear fashion, and in a way that takes values received before and after a value concerned into account. This latter aspect is particularly important as the density of digital data increases and the raw signal for any one bit is more and more influenced by the values of the neighbouring bits. By storing digital values for these neighbouring bits and using those values in the determination of the final digital values for the bit of concern, the effect of the neighbouring bits is reduced.
Although it would be possible to achieve the results of the invention in an analog circuit, the development and maintenance of such a circuit would be more difficult than for a digital circuit. A digital circuit, such as the circuit disclosed, could be more readily simulated by digital computers, more readily realized in large scale intergrated (LSI) circuits, and more readily tested.
|Cited Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|Apr 20, 1955
|Jan 8, 1963
|Fairchild Camera Instr Co
|Densitometric data handling system
|Jul 8, 1963
|May 30, 1967
|Honeywell Inc
|Optical readout device with compensation for misregistration
|Feb 11, 1965
|Apr 8, 1969
|Posterijen Telegrafie En Telef
|Information bearer and photo-electric reading device therefor
|Oct 6, 1967
|Nov 24, 1970
|Rca Corp
|Timing system for readout of stored data
|Mar 13, 1970
|Jan 4, 1972
|Bell Telephone Labor Inc
|Digital equalizer in which tap adjusting signals are derived by modifying the signal code format
|Dec 13, 1971
|Jan 9, 1973
|Pattern-size normalizing for recognition apparatus
|May 11, 1971
|Apr 10, 1973
|Emi Ltd
|A pattern recognition device including means for compensating for registration errors
|Nov 26, 1971
|Mar 5, 1974
|Battelle Development Corp
|Method and apparatus for synchronizing photographic records of digital information
|Dec 15, 1972
|Jun 25, 1974
|Stop Loss Inc
|Method and system for detecting an object within a magnetic field interrogation zone
|Nov 11, 1974
|Jul 6, 1976
|Sperry Rand Corporation
|Digital processor for extracting data from a binary image
|Sep 13, 1974
|Feb 21, 1978
|Recognition Equipment Incorporated
|Character recognition unit
|Aug 22, 1978
|Oct 14, 1980
|Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha
|Output correcting system for facsimile
|Aug 1, 1979
|Apr 21, 1981
|Ncr Corporation
|High density matrix code
|Mar 19, 1980
|Apr 27, 1982
|Nippon Electric Co., Ltd.
|Signal detector for use in digital communication
|Nov 29, 1979
|Aug 10, 1982
|International Business Machines Corp.
|Buffer memory control circuit for label scanning system
|Nov 19, 1980
|Aug 17, 1982
|International Business Machines Corporation
|Dynamic threshold device
|May 27, 1980
|Oct 19, 1982
|Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd.
|Optical character reading system
|Jul 16, 1980
|Dec 21, 1982
|Yeda Research & Development Co., Ltd.
|Method and apparatus for on-line data enhancement
|Mar 27, 1981
|May 3, 1983
|General Electric Company
|Binary digit or bit restoration circuit
|Sep 21, 1981
|Feb 7, 1984
|Xerox Corporation
|Image thresholding system
|Aug 10, 1982
|Oct 23, 1984
|Computer Election Systems
|System and method for reading marks on a document
|Jul 18, 1983
|Apr 23, 1985
|Dainippon Screen Seizo Kabushiki Kaisha
|Method of compressing data
|Feb 24, 1983
|Apr 30, 1985
|Hitachi, Ltd.
|Discrimination circuit for received data
|Sep 13, 1982
|Oct 1, 1985
|Kita Electrics Co., Ltd.
|Photo-electric apparatus for monitoring printed papers
|Aug 26, 1983
|Nov 4, 1986
|Hitachi Koki Company, Limited
|Circuit arrangement for detecting error in print control apparatus
|Apr 20, 1984
|Sep 22, 1987
|Storage Research Pty. Ltd.
|Reading information stored in multiple frame format
|Title not available
|Title not available
|Title not available
|Dec 24, 1980
|Jul 8, 1982
|Joel Dov Isaacson
|Autonomic string-manipulation system
|Citing Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|Feb 15, 1994
|Aug 22, 1995
|Pioneer Electronic Corporation
|Digital signal processing apparatus with a read error correction function
|Oct 24, 1995
|Nov 4, 1997
|Computer Based Controls, Inc.
|Device for optically reading a symbol on a form by shining radiation therethrough, and related method
|Jun 22, 2006
|Feb 15, 2007
|The Boeing Company
|Distributed tempero-spatial query service
|Jun 22, 2006
|Nov 22, 2007
|Boeing Co
|Distributed tempero-spatial query service
|U.S. Classification
|369/59.18, 235/456, 369/59.21
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification
|Nov 17, 1987
Owner name: HUDSON-ALLEN LIMITED, 48 RUTLAND ROAD, BOX HILL, V
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNORS:ALLEN, KINGSLEY, J.F.,;HUDSON, GEOFFREY M.;REEL/FRAME:004897/0453
Effective date: 19871106
Owner name: HUDSON-ALLEN LIMITED,AUSTRALIA
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:ALLEN, KINGSLEY, J.F.,;HUDSON, GEOFFREY M.;REEL/FRAME:004897/0453
Effective date: 19871106
|Nov 2, 1993
|Maintenance fee reminder mailed
|Apr 3, 1994
|Lapse for failure to pay maintenance fees
|Jun 14, 1994
|Expired due to failure to pay maintenance fee
Effective date: 19900403


text:
The founder of Y Combinator startup, Celery, isn't a fan of San Francisco and went on a tirade about why he detests the city. His complaints include: "I hate how the weather here is like a woman who is constantly PMSing" and "All the girls who are obviously 4's and behave like they are 9's. Just because San Francisco has the worst Female to Male ratio in the known universe doesn't give you the right to be a b*tch all the time."
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subset: commoncrawl


text:
CHV file format description
Many people share .chv files without attaching instructions on how to use it. Yet it isn't evident for everyone which program a .chv file can be edited, converted or printed with. On this page, we try to provide assistance for handling .chv files.
1 filename extension(s) found in our database.
.chv - ChView Interactive Star Map
CHV file is a ChView Interactive Star Map. ChView is intended as a three-dimensional aid to: viewing some of the nearer stars of our galaxy; navigating the distances between them; accessing basic information (and updating what we know); and, hopefully, having some fun.
- .chv file format description:
- CHV format
- Application:
- ChView
- Category:
- Data files
- Mime-type:
- application/octet-stream
- Magic:
- - / -
- Aliases:
- -
- ChView Interactive Star Map related links:
- -
- ChView Interactive Star Map related extensions:
Naturally, other applications may also use the .chv file extension. Even harmful programs can create .chv files. Be especially cautious with .chv files coming from an unknown source!
Can't open a .chv file?
When you double-click a file to open it, Windows examines the filename extension. If Windows recognizes the filename extension, it opens the file in the program that is associated with that filename extension. When Windows does not recognize a filename extension, you receive the following message:
Windows can't open this file:
To open this file, Windows needs to know what program you want to use to open it. Windows can go online to look it up automatically, or you can manually select one from a list of programs that are installed on your computer.
To avoid this error, you need to set the file association correctly.
- Open Control Panel > Control Panel Home > Default Programs > Set Associations.
- Select a file type in the list and click Change Program.
The .chv file extension is often given incorrectly!
According to the searches on our site, these misspellings were the most common in the past year:
cbv, vhv, hv, cv, ctv, cmv, chf, chc, cgv, shv, dhv, cuv, cnv, chg, chd
Is it possible that the filename extension is misspelled?
Similar file extensions in our database:
- .cbv
- ChessBase Archived Database
- .vhv
- Valve Source Lighting Data
- .cnv
- PLINK Segmental Copy Number Variant Data
- .chg
- Windows Netlogon ChangeLog
- .cgv
- OSLay Parameters Data
- .ch
- Scitex Continuous Tone
If you find the information on this page useful, please feel free to link to this page.
If you have useful information about the .chv file format, then write to us!


text:
The Oreo cookie brand has added 16 new weird and intriguing flavors to its popular line this year. Among the more interesting flavors: Swedish Fish, Smores and Cotton Candy. That is more than the flavors of milk to dunk them in.
Photoshop master and horror movie buff Billy Pollard clearly thinks that is not enough. He has created an additional 10 parody Oreo flavors to haunt your taste buds.
Who wouldn't want to eat double stuff The Stuff Oreos? The Hannibal Lecter flavor with fava beans and a Chianti cream, maybe not so much. The Gremlin Oreo that features a Mogwai cream base left me a little disappointed because you can't eat them in direct sunlight, after midnight, or dunk them in milk. Without those three, what fun is an Oreo cookie for?
Pollard, a musician by trade, previously vetted his movie and fast food obsession on parody film food creations from Taco Bell and Pizza Hut.
1. A Nightmare On Elm Street
2. The Exorcist
3. Gremlins
4. Halloween 3: Season Of The Witch
5. Hannibal
6. It
7. Re-Animator
8. Stranger Things
9. The Stuff
10. Trick 'R Treat
Better pace yourself or you might end up some of the poor folks in the video below:
Let me know your favorites in the comments section.


text:
March 4th & 5th
In this two-day workshop Adam Field will demonstrate his methods for carving intricate pattern on a variety of wheel-thrown porcelain forms. He will also demonstrate traditional Korean Onggi coil and paddle pottery techniques. From ancient Korean techniques, to innovative solutions for timeless problems, participants will develop a new perspective on creating and decorating functional pottery. Participants will learn new skills for mapping out and carving geometric patterns in clay. Generous discussions about studio practice, aesthetics, materials, ceramic history, and promotion and marketing strategies for the studio potter are certain to encourage individual discovery, growth, and development of fresh ideas. Participants will gain the skills and confidence to create and decorate work in their own voice.


text:
Jan 122013
A refreshing and healthy mixed kiwi berries snack smoothie for a hot summer afternoon. Also a perfect lunch for anyone who is counting calories to lose weight. Add a tablespoon of Chia for even more nutritional value.
In your favorite blender mix:
Kiwi Berries Smoothie Ingredients
- ½ cup raspberries (fresh or frozen but fresh is best)
- 2 kiwis peeled and cut in chunks
- ¼ cup blueberries (fresh or frozen, again fresh is better)
- 1 frozen banana (TIP: peel and slice banana BEFORE freezing)
- 1 cup of chilled Apple and Eve Organic Cranberry Blueberry Juice
- 1 tbsp. Chia Seed
Put everything into the blender at the same time and mix until you achieve the consistency you prefer.
Sorry, the comment form is closed at this time.


text:
Sold for:
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- Sold Date:
- Source: eBay
You are bidding on A VINTAGE 1950's *** PINK GLITTER FLOCKED ****BOTTLE BRUSH TREE WITH RED WOOD BASE. This "GORGEOUS" BOTTLE BRUSH TREE is A " BIG" 11 INCHES TALL with the topper, and is in Beautiful Vintage condition. It Features a LARGE SILVER, GREEN AND HOT PINK DOUBLE MERCURY GLASS BEADS GARLAND GOING AROUND THE TREE and has a " VINTAGE "JAPAN" ORNAMENT AS THE TOPPER . THE TREE I S ***** DECORATED & LOADED ****** WITH VINTAGE ORNAMENTS, *** SHINY BRITE, JAPAN, 4 INDENTS, AND MERCURY BEADS LIKE FLOWERS, AND A FEW SOFT PINK MERCURY GLASS BEADS Sprinkled and t, WOW!!! If you would like to add a SPECIAL TREE to your display, this is it! The winning bidder to pay $6.75 priority mail shipping , which includes delivery confirmation. (in continental USA ) - insurance is $1.65 extra per $50, and optional . I love to combine shipping with my other auctions to save. (PLEASE CHECK OUT MY OTHER VINTAGE AUCTIONS ,) "FALL SPECIAL" NO ADDITIONAL CHARGES FOR EXTRA AUCTIONS WON! Payment to be made by cashiers check, money order or Pay Pal. Your item will be " VERY CAREFULLY" packed with Cotton, Soft Tissue , and bubblewrap and packing peanuts and shipped from a Non smoking home as soon as payment is received . I AM A VERY FAST SHIPPER USUALLY IN 2-3 Days after payment received! If you have any questions please email me before the end of the ... read more


text:
Agilent Technologies Inc. (NYSE: A) and NextWave Wireless Inc. (NASDAQ: WAVE), a global provider of mobile multimedia and wireless broadband technologies, announced that NextWave will use Agilent's Wireless Networking Test Set to help accelerate the deployment of Mobile WiMAX devices based on NextWave's chipsets. The two companies will collaborate to optimize the speed of RF power-calibration and production-test capabilities for customers designing Mobile WiMAX products based on NextWave's recently announced NW2000 chipset. With Agilent's optimized support of this chipset, manufacturers can calibrate and test WiMAX devices with the greatest speed and efficiency.
The Agilent N8300A is a wireless networking test set and OFDMA measurement application software, forming a complete one-box transmitter and receiver test solution for Mobile WiMAX devices. With its superior specifications and fast manufacturing test time, this solution effectively meets the needs of cell phone, ODM and CM manufacturing engineers testing WiMAX(tm) mobile subscriber devices or modules that use IEEE 802.16e-2005.
"We are committed to helping customers find new ways to speed Mobile WiMAX test with the N8300A," said Niels Fache, vice president and general manager of Agilent's Mobile Broadband Division. "By partnering with NextWave we can enable faster calibration time, which provides considerable savings in both time and cost during handset production."
NextWave's NW2000 family of "No Compromise" WiMAX chipsets, announced earlier this week, delivers high performance, very low power consumption and high levels of integration, enabling mobile WiMAX device manufacturers to create cutting edge, multimedia-centric end-user products.
"Agilent's leadership in manufacturing and conformance solutions will greatly benefit our NW2000 chipset customers in testing and verifying their designs," said Craig Miller, vice president of marketing for NextWave Wireless, Semiconductor business. "Our customers are eager to get their designs deployed in this fast-growing market, and we believe this collaboration will provide them an important capability to help them achieve their time-to-market goals."
Agilent in WiMAX
A Principal Member of the WiMAX Forum, Agilent Technologies is an active participant in this organization. As a world leader in test and measurement solutions, Agilent continues to be at the forefront of this emerging market, offering WiMAX design and test solutions that span the entire technology lifecycle — R&D, design verification and pre-conformance, conformance, manufacturing through network deployment, and service assurance. Information about Agilent's WiMAX design and test solutions can be found at www.agilent.com/find/wimax.
About NextWave Wireless
NextWave Wireless Inc. (NASDAQ: WAVE) is engineering the future of mobility by providing next-generation mobile multimedia and wireless broadband technologies to the world's leading mobile handset manufacturers, network equipment suppliers, and wireless service providers. From mobile television and mobile broadband systems to semiconductors and device-embedded mobile multimedia software that can be found in more than 200 million handsets around the globe, NextWave is evolving the way consumers experience mobile multimedia content. In addition, the company's global spectrum footprint allows service providers to deploy next-generation wireless broadband networks utilizing NextWave's advanced wireless broadband products and technologies.
About Agilent Technologies
Agilent Technologies Inc. (NYSE: A) is the world's premier measurement company and a technology leader in communications, electronics, life sciences and chemical analysis. The company's 19,000 employees serve customers in more than 110 countries. Agilent had net revenues of $5.4 billion in fiscal 2007.
"WiMAX," "Fixed WiMAX," "Mobile WiMAX," "WiMAX Forum," the WiMAX Forum logo, "WiMAX Forum Certified," and the WiMAX Forum Certified logo are trademarks of the WiMAX Forum.


text:
More Traditional Name Ideas?
View Single Post
February 1st, 2011, 08:37 AM
Join Date: Feb 2011
Location: Michigan
Posts: 5
I need some help coming up with baby names. I am 15 weeks along; so I know I have plenty of time. However, my husband is dragging his feet on the issue and I want to be prepared when he decides to talk seriously about it.
A few things to note: we are not finding out the sex until delivery (everyone tells me I'm crazy) and this is our first little angel.
About us: married 3 years; together 10 years; high school sweethearts; traditional Irish catholic families; we have a dog and a cat, we love sports and everything outdoors, our last name it Murphy.
About our tastes in names: We both like the more traditional names (even Jason is a little too modern for me). The only real info. my husband has given me is that he likes the idea of a saint name. I looked at a lot of saint names and some of them can be rather unusual. I really like Henry and Benjamin for a boy, but he wasn't very responsive to those. I tend to like boy names for girls (Charlie, Eliot, Andy) but then I also really like Stella. My husband didn't seem keen on those either.
Names we like but can't use for various reasons: Patrick, John, Daniel, James, Adeline, Abigail, Katherine, Matthew, Michael, Zachary, Liam, Lucy.
I know this is a lot of information, but I wanted to make sure you get the whole picture. Can anyone help me? I know there are some gems out there that have just slipped my mind. Looking for boy and girl names.
Thank you!
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text: Human Rights Observatory Yemen Car Bomb Hits Houthi Base, Dozens of Casualties Reported A car bomb exploded at a hospital used as a base by Yemen's Shi'ite Muslim Houthi movement on Sunday, killing or wounding dozens of people, tribal and local sources said. The attack took place in Marib province, east of the capital Sana'a, the sources said. Houthi fighters seized Sana'a on September 21 after four days of fighting with soldiers loyal to the Sunni Muslim Islah party. They have since refused to leave the capital, despite an agreement they signed with...Read complete article© Voice of America - Sunday, September 28, 2014


text: Reading all the good reports I decided to get a Playbook yesterday. Got it set up and downloaded the OS update OK but I'm now stuck on downloading the Desktop Software. Using the web address given in the device I get stupid download times of over a day. When I try to connect to the UK Blackberry server it just sits there. Does anyone know if Blackberry servers are experiencing problems?


text:
Multiplication fact songs set to catchy beats and rhythms to help learn and retain the multiplication tables 0-12.
Your achievement will soar to new heights with "MATH on the Mic"! A Response To Intervention and Differentiation. An innovative research based approach to learning and maintaining critical math skills and concepts through singing. You will learn
Kit includes CD and book. Learn all the Division Facts from 2/2=1 to 144/12=12 with 11 different songs sung in echo style. Each song is followed by a test. Listen to mp3 demo. Each song is followed by a test song. The songs are sung in echo style.
2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th, Adult Education, Homeschool
Brain Skills is designed to improve the player's math skills. There are 6 different games to play in 3 different levels. They contain elementary games with addition and subtraction only. Then middle school games which includes addition,
A CD containing multiplication tables 2 through 12. The student sings the multiples to familiar tunes. A great long term memory builder. Visit www.multiplicationtunes.com
PreK, Kindergarten, 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th, 6th, Adult Education, Homeschool, Staff
This CD will uncover the mystery of a fraction and its parts. We will review, the parts of fractions and the process of performing mathematic functions involving fractions.
You will learn universal math concepts from the steps to solving long division problems to how to find the circumference of a circle and everything in between. This is a resource the whole family will enjoy. Music CD
showing 1-7 of 7


text:
A revised version of the popular and successful Competition, now with the added protection of a Vectran breaker belt.
There are currently no questions and answers for this product.
There are currently no reviews for this product.
• High performance, all conditions road race Tubular tyre which works well on all road surfaces
• ASC Silica compound offers low rolling resistance and light weight to ensure a fast and supple ride, with excellent feedback and grip
• Revolutionary Vectran single layer breaker belt offers improved puncture protection over the previous double layer nylon belt
• Three fabric piles totalling 18 tpi plus the Vectran breaker belt
• Handmade in Germany
• Durable enough for training too
• Weight: 215 grams


text:
We back our favorite skaters by carrying their signature stuff and the brands they work with in The Boardr Store.
We sum it up for the layperson as "the coolest dude in skateboarding." From Austyn's style, above average snaps, to his attitude and viewpoints on the industry, he's everything you want to be in a skateboarder.Shop Now
Super fast and powerful, sometimes it seems almost as scary to watch Omar skate as if you're blazing along with him. He's the inspiration and creativity behind Doom Sayers, one of skateboardings most legit and elite apparel brands these days.Shop Now
Nora is everyone's favorite. Not just because she rips and makes it look good, as you can see in her recent part in the Welcome video. Nora also has a personality that shines through and gives you a laugh every time. She's the kind of person a company hires to take over their social media for the weekend at the same time she's killing it in the contest. We're looking forward to the next skit she puts together, too.Shop Now
Mark is the textbook definition of legendary. He is in his own world that no one can touch. All we can do is watch from the outside and soak in the entertainment and awe. Skateboarding is lucky to have Mark and we are lucky to be alive in his era.Shop Now
There is something truly special about the way Na-Kel Smith skates that commands attention. After receiving his first board from his uncle, skateboarding legend Kareem Campbell, Na-Kel gained inspiration from his surroundings growing up in Los Angeles to develop a sense of fashion, style, and street cred that has not been seen in skateboarding in years. Attracted to the sneaker game as a kid, Na-Kel has now aided in the design of three different custom colorways with his shoe sponsor, the illustrious adidas brand. He is also a founding member of the rap group Odd Future, beside long-time friend Tyler the Creator. With backing from iconic brands such as FA and Supreme, and a few acting credits already under his belt, it's only a matter of time before Nak transforms from skateboard star, to Hollywood superstar.Shop Now
We've been around Boo since he was little kid coming to our am contests. One of our most memorable moments from those early days is when he dropped the hardflip back smith down the rail on us at a Best Trick Contest. From there it's been nothing but up for Boo, who grew into one of today's most powerful and stylish skateboarders.Shop Now
We first met Brian in China years ago at an event we did in Shanghai. Of course he won it. The next few years from there have been crazy to watch, as Brian has become one of today's most insane technical skaters. He has since gone on to become pro for Primitive Skateboarding.Shop Now
We were automatic fans of Blake Carpenter even when he was a little kid coming to our all ages contests we were doing back in the day. Then he moved to California and suddenly exploded on to everyone's radar. Now he's pro for Toy Machine, adding to the long list of great Florida pros that make us proud to be from here.Shop Now
It's not too often you get the feeling of excitement for the future of skateboarding like you do when you realize the level of CJ Collins talent. Can you think of anyone else that reminds you of young Danny Way? Likely not. CJ is in that elite category.Shop Now
Alex Sorgente was born in South Florida, but spent a lot of his early childhood with family in Italy where he found his passion for skateboarding. At only eight-years-old he showed potential to be one of the world's dominant transition skaters after winning the Juniors Division at Quiksilver Bowlriders. Alex's accomplishments include a long list of sponsors as well as the first-ever World Champion title of the Vans Park Series in 2016. Always down to hop on a plane to skate an obscure spot in a land faraway, Alex is an ATV that will ride any terrain, anywhere, any time.Shop Now
Brad being from Florida like us, we knew him at a young age and saw the above average skill and style he had. It wasn't long before the legendary Mark Gonzales also took notice and added him to the Krooked family, where Brad later turned pro.Shop Now
Before becoming a teenager, Brighton earned the title of World Champion at the Vans Park Series in Malmo in 2016. She completes the package of "amazing skateboarder" with a glowing personality and energy she brings with her. Brighton is another one of those special young skateboarders that makes you smile about the future of skateboarding.Shop Now
Ishod is the Michael Jordan of skateboarding. He was Thrasher Magazine's Skater of the Year at the beginning of his career and it's been all hammers since. From the early days of when we used to see him skate our events, to today seeing him win our events, it was obvious very early on that Ishod was very special.Shop Now
The abundance of skateparks in Southern California has influenced Cory Juneau's skating since day one. He has since grown up and proven himself to be one of the best young park terrain skaters of today, earning a spot as a Select Pro in the Vans Park Series. Cory has quickly become a fan favorite, winning over skaters and spectators with his sarcastic wit, fluid style, and lofty frontside flips in the deep end. Cory is a key part of the Creature Skateboards team and has also earned a spot on the Vans roster. When he's not nose-grinding 10 blocks of pool coping, you can find Cory adding to his collection of gold chains, or building custom motorcycles with his father in North County, San Diego.Shop Now
When you can combine super pop with insane technical ability, it makes for a magical combination. Diego is today's best demonstration of this rare blend. He's one of Primitive's newest pros and has a long career ahead, pushing skateboarding to new heights.Shop Now
Felipe has the most "feel good" Cinderalla story in skateboarding. From his first trip to the U.S. with his father: that sold the family car to fund the trip to Tampa Am, to him actually winning that contest, to eventually turning pro for Plan B. Felipe has come through so much to become one of today's top pros. He was a pioneer in technical ledge skating and continues to push the limits today.Shop Now
Lazer Crawford is a young prodigy from Glendale, Arizona that started skating at the age of five and has no shortness of drive or motivation. He spends countless hours at his home park, 91 West, working on tricks to take to handrails and stairs in the streets that are twice his size. Armed with a clean style, an always expanding trick selection, and hair that changes color almost monthly, it's no surprise that Lazer is already a standout at top am contests such as PHX Am and Tampa Am. When he isn't skating, Lazer likes to chill with his supportive family and eat ice cream at Stone Cold Creamery.Shop Now
Jamie has been turning heads at contests for as long as we can remember. It first started with his signature crazy pink shirt he used to always wear as a little kid. That combined with his larger than average build and of course ripping skating makes for an unforgettable combo. As Jamie got older, his skating got more powerful, and now he's one of today's top amateur skateboarders.Shop Now
Originally from Jupiter, Florida, Zion Wright is part of the new breed of skateboarding's ATVs. After getting his first skateboard when he was four-years old, he soon began winning local contests. With his infectious personality, constant smile, and unwavering support from his father, it didn't take long for him to get noticed beyond Jupiter. Zion is one of the few skaters that can win a high-profile contest like PHX Am and also be a Tour Pro in the Vans Park Series…no other skater has accomplished that. When he isn't skating with SOTY's Ishod and Kyle Walker, Zion enjoys surfing, sushi, and quality time with friends and family.Shop Now
Shane's technical ability on a skateboard is so far above average, that he regularly gets questioned about actually being human. His video parts are mindblowing with enders that you have to rewind to fully process. That button-up with this super clean style also makes Shane one of the most elite street skateboarders of today.Shop Now
Stefan was every skater's favorite skater before he designed the best selling skateboarding shoe of all time at Nike. After that, he became the favorite of everyone outside of skateboarding, too. The Stefan signature Nike shoe that matches his effortless style on a board has stood strong in skateboarding for over a decade now.Shop Now
Joey is a long-time master of one of the most difficult tricks of skateboarding, the manual. By combining this trick with an infinite number of variations and combinations, Joey has earned a huge social media following and a devoted fan base. Joey learned early on that a skateboarding career needs constant attention and work to stay at the top. He created Manny Mania for long-time sponsor, Red Bull. That global contest series had a 10-plus year run, and Joey parlayed it nicely into his newest contest creation, Wheelie Dope, which happens to be supported by the company he founded and operates, Andale Bearings. When Joey isn't filming clips to post to Instagram, you can find him hanging with his dog, Pizza the Pug, who has more followers than most pro skateboarders.Shop Now
California native, Theotis Beasley started his career as an am riding for Mountain Dew, Baker, and Nike in 2010. He quickly turned pro in 2011 at the 13th Annual Transworld Awards. Theo is known for his street skating ability and one of the best smiles in skateboarding. He has a fascination for luxury cars, growing his exclusive shoe collection, and hanging out with Lil Wayne and the Young Money crew.Shop Now


text:
Comparative Biomedical Sciences Location: Hawkshead Campus, Nr Potters BarSalary: £27,790 per annum inclusiveClosing Date: Friday 26 August 2016Interview Date: Thursday 08 September 2016Reference: CBS-0121-16
This is a fixed term position until 3 October 2019.
You will be a Research Technician (grade 5) who will work in the Structure & Motion Laboratory, where you will support comparative biomechanics research investigating the evolution of locomotion in terrestrial vertebrates (specifically, archosaurs; the lineage including crocodiles, birds, Mesozoic dinosaurs and other groups). The work will heavily involve biomechanical analysis including 3D imaging using x-ray fluoroscopy ("XROMM"), CT and other scan data of recent and fossil animals, plus electromyography and other physiological techniques.
There is scope for a highly motivated, skilled technician to work part-time in parallel on a PhD (or MRes) research project (~4 year duration for PhD; 2 for MRes) that expands on the research being done in this project, but any such decision would be made after starting the post.
Related research:
This project is funded by the ERC (EU Horizon 2020) and is led by Prof. John R. Hutchinson, along with other collaborators. More information on our team: http://www.rvc.ac.uk/about/our-people/john-hutchinson
You will assist all stages of the research. This includes handling of experimental animals (e.g. crocodiles, birds), collection and analysis of data and implementing Good Research Practice and Health and Safety. Skills in biomechanical analysis are essential to the project; experience in palaeontology or animal care/Home Office-licensed procedures would also be helpful.
You should have enthusiasm for research, a science-related degree and hands-on experience with biomechanical science. You must be willing to work with live animals and cadaveric dissection.
We offer a generous reward package.
The closing date for this job opportunity has now passed, and applications are no longer being accepted for this position
Further details: Job Description Conditions of Employment Person Specification
We promote equality of opportunity and diversity within the workplace and welcome applications from all sections of the community


text: Hi all, I am brand new to smart phones and a bit over whelmed. As an old fart it takes longer to absorb all this information... I just got a Samsung Moment 900, seems pretty cool.. A lot different than my last Phone, all it did was talk or 2 way .. In days of old I use to be a office equipment and computer repair man, along with writing code for databases.. Never completely made the change over to sql and php but I hack it a little... As for the phone, I have my contacts and calendar linked to google counterparts.. This I need, as I have CRS. Wow things have changed, I use to lease cell phones, rather they where car phones, took all day to install, lease was 190.00 a month for 100 minutes... .75 cents a minute there after Oh well thats enough about me... This is a very informative site... Thanks for all the information.


text:
Lately, there has been an recurring theme which parents are asking me about. Basically, what would I do when my child is acting up in the grocery store? This is a question that is easy on the surface but has a lot of different elements to consider.
Last night, I was doing a radio interview when a caller challenged me on the strategy my wife used to keep the kids occupied (which I am in agreement). I love being challenged for many reasons. One reason is that challenges make me reassess my position at a moment's notice.
For the purposes of this blog, I am going to lay out three strategies I've heard lately (including the challenged one) then discuss each one's merits/shortcomings. Finally, I'll give you the best answer I can muster (which I am sure will be fodder for further debate).
My wife's strategy: When the kids were 2-3 years of age, Lauren would walk by the bakery in the grocery store first and pick up a free cookie.
Advantage: My children liked going to the store with my wife. They stayed happy while eating the cookie. Also, my wife let them know the cookie was a special treat. One could look at the cookie as a preemptive strike against bad behavior.
Disadvantage: Though I don't remember hearing about blatant misbehavior, I bet my children got a little squirmy once the cookie was gone. I remember my wife would occasionally complain she had to rush to get out because behavior would start to go downhill. One could also look at the cookie as bribery.
Brother-In-Law approach: My brother in law does a great job with his children though he and I have different approaches. He told me recently he tells his kids to chill and move. This occurs when his children are told "no" over purchasing a store item and they react in less than a positive way. When he hears complaints, he looks at his kids and says, "chill and move."
Advantage: Though chill and move are funny words to me, he's giving directions and is expecting them to be followed. After my years of working with children, any parent who can have their directions followed is in an advantageous position. The children may be momentarily unhappy but the meltdown is much less likely to occur.
Disadvantage: The only disadvantage I could see is if his children didn't want to go to the store because they never got things they wanted. Mind you, my brother in law and I didn't talk about how often he gives in so this may be a non-issue in his case. For some though, a store can be an excellent learning environment so I wouldn't want to turn children off from going at all.
Caller on the talk show last night: His approach was to say "louder" to a kid hollering in a store or saying, "I can't hear you yet." The theory is that the comment actually throws the kid psychologically and will discontinue the behavior.
Advantage: When a child is misbehaving, throwing them off psychologically is a good tactic. When a parent can make a child "think" when they are upset, the anger can temporarily subside; thus giving time to the parent to get the situation under control.
Disadvantage: If the tactic doesn't work, the child can actually go in the other direction. That means scream louder and possibly throw in a few punches or kicks. I'd have to have the strategy proven at home before I would use it in public.
So there you go- three strategies. Which one is best you may ask? The answer is simple with complicated undertones. My first thought is the best solution for any parent is THE ONE THAT WORKS in the heat of the moment. Any parent who has lost control with their child knows what an awful feeling it is. I had many circumstances at St. Joseph Children's Home that I wish I would have handled in another way.
Here are the undertones though. First, why did the child misbehave to begin with? Is it because the parent lacks authority at home and the child is merely testing in another location?
Second, did the child go to the store hungry or thirsty? Have you ever been to a restaurant when everything on the menu looked good because you were hungry? To a certain extent, this happens to children in a grocery store. Sometimes when children are hungry, their behavior can slip.
I've gone too long on this post. This should really be a chapter in my next book. Regardless, a parent has to have the ability to say no to their children. When children melt down after being told no, there is a problem somewhere. It's up to the parent to find where the problem is and solve it not only in the store but after they return home.
My next post will be on Tuesday. Have a terrific weekend!


text:
National Society of Black Engineers- University of Pittsburgh
Mission Statement
"To increase the number of culturally responsible black engineers who excel academically, succeed professionally, and positively impact the community."
For the upcoming school year my Vision is all about "Forging the Foundation for our Future." The vision alludes to our roots as an organization, and is personally created to address the goals I and other executive board members have for the chapter this year.
Forge an allusion to my Pittsburgh roots, relying on the strong and powerful (like steel) mission of NSBE "To increase the number of culturally responsible black engineers...".
Foundation is the rock and base upon which we build our families, and our home withing our community.
Future meaning that what we accomplish here at Pitt NSBE today will help our members and others "excel academically, succeed professionally, and positively impact the community" for many years to come.
Our chapter's goals are derived from the heart of our mission – "To increase the number…" We will increase our membership by providing direct mentorship and academic support; providing workshops for professional skills such as resumes, interviews, and finances; as well as encouraging participation in regional and national conferences. We will increase our involvement in the community by harvesting a NSBE Jr chapter, sustaining our relationships with afterschool programs, and reaching out to organizations that have had little to no prior STEM exposure. We will increase the NSBE family and pride by cultivating stronger relationships with other chapters by co-hosting general body meetings, collaborating for larger- scale events, and participating and nationwide programs and competitions.
A Glimpse of Pitt NSBE
Pitt NSBE LOVE Video!
@Pitt_NSBE Instagram
@Pitt_NSBE Twitter


text:
"My Quadriceps Tendon Repair"
About: Raigmore Hospital / Trauma & orthopaedics Raigmore Hospital Trauma & orthopaedics IV2 3UJ
Posted by US Geezer (as ),
I am an American in my 70s, who fell and ruptured a quadriceps tendon while walking on Skye. I was taken to Raigmore Hospital, where the tendon was surgically repaired. I was extremely impressed with the quality of the medical care that I received.
My surgery was done by Dr. Kent and my consulting doctor was James Beastall. Both of these individuals were extremely competent. I was especially impressed with the large amount of information provided by these doctors both before and after surgery. Upon returning to the US, my orthopedist told me that my recovery was progressing nicely.
The nurses and the remainder of the staff were knowledgeable, efficient and very friendly as they performed their duties. The patients in this orthopedic ward had a variety of specialized problems and it was impressive to see the staff dealing with these in a caring and professional manner.
Response from Maimie Thompson, Head of Public Relations and Engagement, Chief Executive's Office, NHS Highland 4 years ago
Dear US Geezer
Thank you for sharing with us your experience of NHS care in the Highlands. What a great pity to hear that your walking holiday to Skye got upset by a fall. These things are always deeply frustrating and distressing and all the more so when you are far away from home.
But its reassuing to know, that as a visitor who needed our help, you were happy with your care. I have shared your feed-back with colleagues and obviously we are pleased to know you are safe at home and on the mend.
Skye is a beautiful island for walking and hope your accident wont put you off walking or coming back to the Highlands.
Thanks again and all good wishes for a full and speedy recovery and hope you will continue to enjoy the outdoors for many years to come.
- {{helpful}} {{helpful == 1 ? "person thinks" : "people think"}} this response is helpful
- Was this response helpful? Yes | No
Thank you for your feedback.
See more responses from Maimie Thompson


text:
Results 1 to 5 of 5
11-06-14, 15:31 #1Registered User
- Join Date
- Nov 2014
- Posts
- 2
Unanswered: The expression you entered has a function containing the wrong number of arguments.
Our agency still uses Access 2000 for our database. And I am trying to create a field with the following information but it keeps saying the expression you entered has a function containing the wrong number of arguments. Can anyone help me figure out where it is wrong?
HUD: IIf(Int([SAIntakeDate]-[DOB])/365)<18 and
IIf([TraumaCodes] Like D
Or [TraumaCodes] Like E
Or [TraumaCodes] Like F
Or [TraumaCodes] Like P
Or [TraumaCodes] Like S
Or [TraumaCodes] Like W
Or [TraumaCodes] Like X),
C,Null) +
IIf(Int([SAIntakeDate]-[DOB])/365)>=62 ,E,Null) +
IIf([Disabilities] is not U and [Disabilities] is not N and [Disabilities] is not Null, D,Null) +
IIf([Homeless] Like Y,H,Null) +
IIf([maritalcode] Like "*married*",IIf([TraumaCodes] Like "*d*","B",Null)) +
IIf([Impeded] Like "Yes","I",Null)
11-06-14, 16:20 #2Jaded Developer
Provided Answers: 59
- Join Date
- Nov 2004
- Location
- out on a limb
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- 13,692
at first glance
im not certain you can use IS NOT when comparing to string literals, I'd expect <>
IIf(Int([SAIntakeDate]-[DOB])/365)<18 and IIf([TraumaCodes] Like "D" Or [TraumaCodes] Like "E" Or [TraumaCodes] Like "F" Or [TraumaCodes] Like "P" Or [TraumaCodes] Like "S" Or [TraumaCodes] Like "W" Or [TraumaCodes] Like "X"), "C",Null) + IIf(Int([SAIntakeDate]-[DOB])/365)>=62 ,"E",Null) + IIf([Disabilities] <> "U" and [Disabilities] <> "N" and [Disabilities] is not Null, "D",Null) + IIf([Homeless] Like "Y","H",Null) + IIf([maritalcode] Like "*married*",IIf([TraumaCodes] Like "*d*","B",Null)) + IIf([Impeded] Like "Yes","I",Null)
howeevr thats fiendishly complex statement in a query or control assignment
if its a control assignement then push it into a function that returns the required value and call the function as part of the assignmentI'd rather be riding on the Tiger 800 or the Norton
11-06-14, 16:42 #3Registered User
- Join Date
- Nov 2014
- Posts
- 2
Thank you for your reply...I'm not sure how to push it into a function that returns the required value and call the function as part of the assignment. I have been working on databases for a while but I still have a lot to learn. Can you maybe help with how I would go about doing this?
11-06-14, 17:07 #4Jaded Developer
Provided Answers: 59
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- Nov 2004
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- out on a limb
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soemthing like (in a code module)Code:
public function ReplaceMyFiendishlyComplexIIFStatement(intakedat as date, DoB as date, TraumaCode as string, Disabilities as String, Homeless as string, maritalcode as string,impeded as string) as string dim ReturnValue as string ReturnValue = "" Dim ageatIntake as integer AgeAtIntake = (intakedate-dob)\365 if AgeAtIntake <18 Select Case traumacode case is "D", "E", "F", "P", "S", "W", "X" ReturnValue = "C" case else ReturnValue = "" end select elseif AgeAtIntake >=62 ReturnValue = "E" 'else for completeness of logic ' returnvalue = "" endif If(IS null(DISABILITIES) or NOT([Disabilities] = "U" or [Disabilities] = "N" and [Disabilities]) then ReturnValue = ReturnValue & "E" '& is the string concatnation symbol in VB/VBA not + 'else 'else for completeness of logic ' returnvalue = ReturnValue & "" endif If([Homeless] = "Y" ReturnValue = ReturnValue & "H" 'else 'else for completeness of logic ' returnvalue = ReturnValue & "" If([maritalcode] Like "*married*" then If([TraumaCodes] Like "*d*" then ReturnValue = ReturnValue & "B" endif IIf([Impeded] = "Yes","I",Null) ReturnValue = ReturnValue & "I" endif return returnvalue end function
supply the appropriate parametres
you will need to 'harden' the function to handle null and or impropoer values
what I think your code is trying to do is generate a multi digit composite code but to be honest its confusing! or perhaps more accurately its late in the day and Im strugglign to concentrate, and or be bothered to fully understand what you are trying to do
however key points arising
use <> for not equal in an IF statement
use like when there is a partial match (ie you are using one of the wild cards otherwise use =
by pushing this into a function its possible to break each element into its constituent parts AND makes it easy to debug. so instead of "it doesn't work" you can put a watch / breakpoint ont he code and step through it to work out what is actually going on. if you don't know how to make use of the integrated debugger (and you are trying to create complex statements like this then do yourself a favour, take a timeout and learn up on debuggingI'd rather be riding on the Tiger 800 or the Norton
11-06-14, 17:14 #5Registered User
- Join Date
- Jan 2003
- Location
- Minneapolis
- Posts
- 59
Iif statements have 2 - 3 arguments (ex: iif(statement, IfTrue, IfFalse)) and from I am seeing in your code, you are closing your parentheses early.
Let's take your trauma code piece and collapse it a bit to help illustrate.
IIf([TraumaCodes] Like "D" Or [TraumaCodes] Like "X") ,"C",Null)
Here, you are basically closing your Iif without defining the IfTrue, or IfFalse. To correct it, you would have to do something like this:
IIf([TraumaCodes] Like "D", "C", Iif([TraumaCodes] Like "X" ,"C",Null))
Unfortunately, I do not believe ORs/ANDs are acceptable syntax in this usage of Iif which is why I have it nested as I did.
Apparently, you can, so I apologize. The underlying problem still applies. It would look like:
IIf([TraumaCodes] Like "D" OR TraumaCodes] Like "X", "C", Null)
Last edited by Brian Cermak; 11-06-14 at 17:22.


text:
Making Inferences. Types of Inferences. Text-to-Text Inferences These inferences allow us to connect one part of a text to another. Comprehension is dependent, in large part, on text information that preceded it.
Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author.While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server.
Text-to-Text Inferences
Text-to-Self / Text-to-World Inferences
For twenty-five years, our hero had managed to avoid being caught. He would saunter into the room, casually open the box, and take out the elixir. In an instant, the deed was done. If he heard the queen coming, he would duck behind the door and act as if he were searching for a hidden item. He was proud of his good ears and quick reflexes. Even so, he wondered if his luck would run out. She was kind, yet very strict with those who broke the rules of conduct in the castle.
Predictions so far?


text:
Duane Schwada got a late start in track and field, waiting until the age of 40 to start competing.
Nearly four decades later, Schwada is still making up for lost time.
The 79-year-old took part in three field events in the Sunflower State Games track and field competition Friday at Seaman, competing in the shot put, javelin and discus.
Schwada, a land developer in the Lawrence area, said he didn't pick up a shot put, javelin or discus until he was 40, but has been hooked on the events ever since.
"All the sudden, my staff says, 'You're getting old,' so I said, 'What do you think I could do?' " Schwada said. "And they said, 'The hardest thing is decathlon.'
"I entered the decathlon at 40, and I did pretty well for about five or six years in the Missouri Valley area. Then I injured my knees so I stopped sprints, and the only thing left was weight events."
Schwada has been a frequent competitor in the Sunflower State Games since the Games started in 1990.
He still enjoys the competition aspect of the field events.
"You have to practice, and that's the problem," Schwada said. "I only show up to this meet once a year, and if you don't practice, you get a little rusty."
Though Schwada wasn't exactly sure where his throws ranked among his competitors Friday, he appreciated the opportunity to compete in the Sunflower Games once again.
"It's a way to stay active, and there are some pretty capable athletes in Kansas," Schwada said.
Notable local competitors in Friday's event included Topeka High high jumper Joel Long, former Shawnee Heights standout and current Wichita State heptathlete Gavyn Yetter and Seaman pole vaulter Sage Tichenor.
The SSG tennis event began its three-day run Friday at Kossover Tennis Center with a record 176 entries. Tennis commissioner Kurt Davids said the previous high for entries in SSG tennis was 150.
Davids said the increase in entries was due in part to a boost in women's entries. He said entries in other divisions were also equal or up from previous years.
"The juniors numbers are still up," Davids said. "We've got a really good boys 18 draw, a really good boys 16 draw and the parent-child doubles has 16 teams. We had 16 teams two years ago and we had eight last year."
Youth baseball and track and field also started Friday and will continue Saturday.
Events being contested Saturday include the 5- and 10-kilometer road races (Lake Shawnee), the adventure race (Milford State Park), archery target (THE Archery), BMX (Heartland BMX), bocce ball (Felker Park), disc golf (Crestview), horseshoes (Gage Park), judo (Topeka Collegiate), martial arts (Christ the King Church), shooting (Capital City Gun Club), indoor volleyball (Washburn and Sport Zone) and wicketball (Lake Shawnee).


text: Find this wine Find this wine Apothic Red Wine One of my favorites. From CA. A blend of Zin/Cab/Syrah/Merlot. Earthy notes w/nice fruit overtones. Pin It Tweet 4 years ago by Dfmedicineman More posts One of my go-to wines Apothic Red 2 years ago by Southnmist Apothic Red 2013 Wine Very nice blend. 9.99 2 years ago by Maja Apothic Red California 2010 Easy to drink red even for red wine beginners. Slightly sweet and smooth. One of my faves. 2 years ago by Mauie Y. Apothic Red Wine California Red blend of several reds: Zinfandel, merlot, Syrah and cab sav 2 years ago by Cdimartile Apothic Red Wine Unique mocha hints, found on orcas island New Years 2015 deer harbor get away. 2 years ago by Robert H.


text:
VNA Stroll for Hospice
More than 200 people, warily watching the skies, joined the VNA of NWI at Central Park Plaza in downtown Valparaiso on Sunday, May 1st, to walk in memory of loved ones at the 15th annual VNA Stroll for Hospice. "With the rain we had on Saturday, everyone was a little nervous about Sunday's weather," said Maria Galka, Director of Development of the VNA. "But, the rain held off and we had a wonderful turnout."
Thanks to Presenting Sponsor, George Uzelac & Associates, the VNA was able to move the walk to Central Park Plaza a few years ago. Along with the move came added family fun, including a bounce house, kids' activities and crafts, and a DJ. This year, more than $25,000 was raised to help provide hospice care throughout our community.
Dr. Barbara Fuller named VNA Physician of the Year
The Visiting Nurse Association honored Dr. Barbara Fuller, MD at the VNA Annual Recognition Banquet on February 22nd, naming her VNA Physician of the Year for 2015.
Each year, the VNA bestows this award, named in honor of VNA Medical Director and Board Member Dr. Kenneth Black, a retired physician whose practice always affirmed the vital importance of hospice care. In nominating Dr. Fuller as Physician of the Year, VNA nurses expressed their warm appreciation for her genuine commitment to compassionate care for her patients.
Click the article title to read more...
VNA names new President & CEO
The VNA Board of Directors recently announced that Ann O'Heir, RN has been selected to serve as the new President and CEO of the Visiting Nurse Association (VNA).
"Ann has an impressive career spanning nearly 30 years in healthcare and healthcare administration," said Steve Tomory, VNA Board President. We are confident Ann is the right person at the right time for us as we move forward with a focus on continuing to provide the highest quality of hospice care, as well as supportive services such as VNA Meals on Wheels and Companion Homemaker services," he added.