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Contained Places
Wyckoff is a township in Bergen County, New Jersey, United States. As of the 2010 United States Census, the township's population was 16,696,[1][2][3] reflecting an increase of 188 (+1.1%) from the 16,508 counted in the 2000 Census, which had in turn increased by 1,136 (+7.4%) from the 15,372 counted in the 1990 Census. As of the 2010 Census, Wyckoff ranked 55th in 100 highest-income places in the United States (with a population of at least 10,000) at $103,614 HHI. Statewide, Wyckoff ranked 41st among New Jersey locations by per capita income, with a per capita money income of $49,375 as of 1999, an increase of 49.1% from the $33,124 recorded in 1989.
From the mid-18th century, what is now Wyckoff was a community within Franklin Township, which consisted of most of northern Bergen County west of the Saddle River. Starting in the 1840s, several new municipalities were created from portions of Franklin Township, so that today what is now Wyckoff borders eight different communities. Wyckoff was formed as a township by an Act of the New Jersey Legislature on November 2, 1926, replacing Franklin Township, based on the results of a referendum held that day. Portions of Wyckoff were ceded to Midland Park based on the results of a referendum held on June 9, 1931.
Though there is no solid historical evidence for any of the various theories, the most commonly given origin for the name Wyckoff, which was the origin accepted by the town committee when the town was established, is that the name is from the Lenape word wickoff, meaning "high ground", or that it is from wickok meaning "water".[4] However, similarly named Wyckoff Heights in New York City is named after the Wyckoff family, who settled in the New York/New Jersey area when both states were part of the Dutch colony of New Netherlands. Other sources ascribe the name to Wicaugh in Malpas, England.
The first known human inhabitants of the area were the Lenni Lenape Native Americans who lived north of the Raritan River and spoke a Munsee dialect of Algonquian. Sicomac, said to mean "resting place for the departed" or "happy hunting ground", is an area of Wyckoff that, according to tradition, was the burial place of many Native Americans, including Chief Oratam of the Ackingshacys, and many stores and buildings in the community have been named after the area's name, including Sicomac Elementary School. Most Native Americans had left by the 19th century, although a small group lived near Clinton Avenue until 1939.
What is Wyckoff today was originally part of Saddle River Township, which included all of Bergen County west of the Saddle River. Saddle River Township was split in 1771, with the area containing Wyckoff becoming Franklin Township. By 1755, about 100 families lived in the Franklin Township area, of which no more than 20 were in what is now Wyckoff. Franklin Township (1771) consisted of what is today Ho-Ho-Kus (seceded 1849), Ridgewood (seceded 1876), Midland Park (seceded 1894), Oakland (seceded 1902), Franklin Lakes (seceded 1922), and Wyckoff. The size of Franklin Township decreased as areas seceded and were incorporated into their own municipalities. After Franklin Lakes was established in 1922, Franklin Township consisted of only the area known locally as Wyckoff. On November 2, 1926, residents voted (243 positive votes out of 337) to change the name from Franklin Township to the Township of Wyckoff.[5]
The first recorded permanent settlers were John and William Van Voor Haze (Voorhees), who purchased of land in the area in 1720. Other early settlers (mostly Dutch) included the Van Horns, Terhunes, Ackermans, Quackenbushes, Pulises, and Vanderhoffs. In 1940 the population was just under 4,000 consisting of roughly 100 families with 30% of the land devoted to farming. By 1969 the number of farms had dropped to 13 covering , 6% of the township. By 2012, only two farms remain: Abma's Farm and Goffle Road Poultry Farm, which is Bergen County's only remaining live market. Rail service by the New Jersey Midland Railway began in 1870. That service was purchased by the New York, Susquehanna and Western Railway, which abruptly ended passenger service in 1966.
The Terhune House is an historic home listed on the National Register of Historic Places, located at 161 Godwin Avenue, that was initially constructed in 1737.
In 1994, the Vander Platt funeral home prepared the body of Richard Nixon for burial.
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The IEE Seminar on SIL Determination principles and practical experience, 22 March 2006
Publisher: Institution of Electrical Engineers
Cover title (viewed June 14, 2006) "Reference 06/11423"--Copyright page. Electronic access limited to current UAF students, faculty, and staff.
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- Language: eng
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ddie tries to get Janet to talk about what happened at the party, but she doesn't want to listen to him. Physical Phil orders pizza, hoping to see Pizza Girl again. But she sends a replacement. In order to see her, Phil would have to leave the house... In a band session, Ray, Owen and Ikey question Nick about his love triangle with Aubrey and Hannah. Nick has to ask himself: who does he really want? Ray is stealing Eddie's customers, but Nick has a plan to get even. Hannah asks Alison to join her and Janet in a girl talk session. Ray tells Owen a devastating secret that's been kept from him.Resumen IMDb.com
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About Us
Techland announce Hellraid
posted: 5/3/2013 1:35:00 PM
More On:
We've all played first-person shooters, and we've all, at some point in our gaming lives, thought, "Enough with all this shooting! I want to hit things with a sword and/or shoot magic at the supernatural and can't just spend two more years of my life lost in Skyrim. I've only got one chance left with my boss and significant other and I need to save it for GTA V."
Well, Amalgamofeverygamerever, I have some good news for you: Techland, makers of Dead Island and Call of Juarez, have heard your call and present
is a single-player first person hack-and-slash game with ranged weapons and magic that also features a four-player co-op mode that sounds an awfully lot like it's a wave-based "horde mode."
will be available for the Xbox 360, PS3, and PC later this year. To learn more, follow the jump. You can also visit
, and
Techland Announces Hellraid, First-Person Co-Op Slasher for PC, Xbox 360 and PlayStation 3
Techland officially unveils the game formerly known as Project Hell, blending story-driven hack & slash action, shooters and online multiplayer in one hell-raising package.
Techland has formally announced Hellraid, a first-person co-op slasher that offers two games in one: a single-player, story-driven campaign of hack & slash action; and unique, co-operative multiplayer that pits four players against the denizens of hell – and each other – in a battle for points, rewards and fame. The first official screenshots, game details and more are available on Hellraid.com, where you'll also find the developers blog, offering a behind-the-scenes look at the production of Hellraid.
The armies of Hell brought pain and destruction to the realm of man, and only a select few have the fighting skills necessary to confront the devilish monstrosities. Combining elements of hack & slash RPGs, first-person shooters and online multiplayer games, Hellraid features an advanced, immersive combat system with melee, ranged and magical weapons. The engaging Game Master system makes each game a different experience, placing loot and enemies while generating random online challenges.
With exploration, looting, questing, weapon crafting, boss fights, armor customization, character development, leaderboards, magic and so much more, Hellraid is set to drag you straight to hell later this year on PC, Xbox 360 and PlayStation 3.
For more information visit
and like it at
About Techland
Techland is a leading Polish developer, publisher and distributor of PC and console games since 1991. Its proprietary Chrome Engine 5 technology is among the world's most advanced game engines, with full PC, Xbox 360 and PlayStation®3 system compatibility. With a staff of nearly 200 specialists in two development offices in Wroclaw and Warsaw, Techland is committed to delivering top-quality titles such like Dead Island and Call of Juarez series for worldwide markets. Currently the company is working on several high-profile titles for current and next-gen consoles and PCs.
Pertinent Details
Developer: Techland
Publisher: Techland
Platforms: PC, Xbox 360, PlayStation3
Genre: First-Person Co-Op Slasher
Release Date: 2013
Price: TBA
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Register: sndrs.com/FamilyFest
RENTON, Wash. – The Seattle Sounders FC announced today registration is now available for the inaugural International Family Festival to be held at CenturyLink Field on June 30. The festival features two sessions that include cultural displays, arts and crafts, music, and other children's activities.
Sounders FC players scheduled to attend include forward Will Bates (U.S.), midfielder Servando Carrasco (U.S./Mexico), forward David Estrada (U.S./Mexico), goalkeeper Michael Gspurning (Austria), midfielder Philip Lund (Denmark) and forward Lamar Neagle (U.S.).
The goal of the festival is to bring together fans, coaches and players and celebrate the diversity of their heritage and culture. The activities include international cultural displays by local ethnic communities, arts and crafts, music, tifo banner making, face painting, and other children's activities. The festival will also feature a behind-the-scenes tour of the Sounders FC locker room, the opportunity to meet current Sounders FC players and a 10-percent discount on all Sounders FC merchandise.
Registration for each of the two-hour sessions is $10. Children under the age of four are free and do not need to register. The first 150 Junior Alliance members will receive free admission with a paid adult.
For more information and to register visit sndrs.com/FamilyFest


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His name is Boo: Alabama OT commits to USF
If there was something glaringly missing from USF's first eight oral commitments for 2011, it was size, as none of the future Bulls weighed in at more than 205 pounds. That changed Friday as David "Boo" Simon, a 6-foot-4, 285-pound offensive tackle from Bay Minette, Ala., committed to the Bulls during a campus visit, his father confirmed Friday night.
Simon had 12 scholarship offers, as impressive academically as they are from a football standpoint, with Stanford and Vanderbilt among his top suitors, along with Maryland and Mississippi State. He's rated as a three-star recruit by both Scout.com and Rivals.com, with the latter ranking him as the nation's No. 63 offensive tackle. He's a rare out-of-state recruit for the Bulls, but Bay Minette is only about an hour northwest of Pensacola, so he won't be too far from home.
"Coach Holtz has stolen one," said David Wofford, Simon's coach at Baldwin County High School. "He has been a wonderful player for us, and has anchored our line -- this will be his third season starting. He's very intelligent, ranked No. 3 in a class of nearly 300. He'll definitely help their APR as well. He's going to be a great ambassador for the University of South Florida. They've landed a whale."
With three seniors and two juniors likely to be starting on the offensive line, it's a priority position in USF's recruiting efforts, and Simon is the first lineman in this year's class. July has been a busy recruiting month for the Bulls, who open preseason camp on Wednesday in preparation for Skip Holtz's first season.
Wofford said Simon's intelligence stands out, but his athleticism is strong as well. He runs fast enough to play tight end, he said, but they've used him as a right tackle, as they're a strong right-side running offense. Baldwin County's top running back last year, Charleston Gandy, took a scholarship to Alabama State -- running behind Simon, he rushed for 327 yards and six touchdowns in one game.
"He runs extremely well, but I don't think he's scratched the surface of what he can be," Wofford said. "Coach Holtz did a good job, because he didn't go down there to commit. He had very hard looks from SEC schools -- Auburn and Alabama were strong possibilities."


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Before my surgery I had a droopy nose and indentation on the right side of my face. Two weeks ago I had open rhino and my tip was raised and bone shave, now my tip is crooket to the right side.Inside the right nastril I can feel a little bump like scar tissue. The columellar is pointing to the right and it looks really bad. I also want to mention that my ps took off my cast on the fourth day and I didn't have tampons in my nose.Is this just sweeling or will it stay like this pointy to the right?
I Had Open Rhino Two Weeks Ago and Now my Nose is Crooked and Uneven Will This Go Away? (photo)
Doctor Answers 3
Open Rhino Two Weeks Ago and Now Nose is Crooked
Swelling 2 weeks post surgery is normal and can create an asymmetrical look initially. It is too early to judge the results. Express your concern to your surgeon so he/she can monitor you properly.
Crooked and Uneven Nose 2 Weeks Post Rhinoplasty
Asymmetrical, temporary swelling 2 weeks after rhinoplasty may cause your nose to look crooked and uneven but the best way to answer your question is to see your surgeon. If your columella and tip remain deviated, a revision will be necessary.
Two weeks post rhinoplasty is to early to determine final result
Learn more: http://www.michaelelammd.com
You might also like...
These answers are for educational purposes and should not be relied upon as a substitute for medical advice you may receive from your physician. If you have a medical emergency, please call 911. These answers do not constitute or initiate a patient/doctor relationship.


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Howard Miller Avalon Floor Clock
- Name: Avalon Floor Clock
- Collection: Avalon
- Vendor: Howard Miller
- Comment: Price may vary based on option(s) selected.
- Dimensions: 16"L x 10.75"D x 76"H
- Materials: Cherry hardwoods and veneers
- Finish: Espresso
- Origin: Made in the U.S.A.
- Recommended Care: Wipe down the glass with a quality glass cleaner.
Use a non-abrasive dust-free cloth. Do not use
glass cleaner on wood or brass trims.
Dust with a dry, soft cloth periodically as needed.
Jordan's Furniture recommends purchasing our Furniture Protection Program.
For specific information relating to the care, maintenance and service of your clock, go to www.howardmiller.com
- Warranty: 2 years manufacturer's warranty


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The best news to come out of the Colorado game was...
Two fold: One, it was a win you absolutely had to have. Two, Blaine Gabbert was barely hit and did not need any assistance to get off the field or out of the locker room. I don't think Gabbert is 100% yet, but I think he's a lot closer than he has been lately. And for that, perhaps I should eat some crow and believe Gary Pinkel when he gives me the injury report in the future.
First and foremost, Missouri's coaches went with the run. I almost jumped out of my seat when the first play was an empty backfield. There should now be no question that Missouri can run, if it will. That is the key to the rest of the season, taking the pressure off Gabbert to be a one-man band.
Aldon Smith. Go.
The Great Aldini. And to think he's done all this while learning on the job. I don't know if he will get the recognition, but I think he deserves first-team All-Big 12 selection this year.
The kid is really, really good. We've been saying it for six months. And now people are seeing it. He's a freshman all American and might break the school sack record, especially if Steckel attacks the next four teams like he did this one: With blitzes from all over. The kid's got surefire NFL talent...and he's barely scratched the surface of how good he can be.
Handicap the Big 12 North for me...
I still believe Nebraska has the inside track. And, they own the tie-breaker over Mizzou. I figure both Nebraska and Missouri finish 5-3 and Nebraska plays in the Big 12 title game and gets slaughtered by Texas. Missouri draws a good bowl game - not a BCS game, which MU does not deserve - but a very good bowl game.
Well, if Nebraska can beat Kansas, Kansas State and Colorado, they will win it, simple as that. But I'm not all that sure they can. I think Missouri has a pretty good shot to go to Arrowhead on a four game winning streak. And playing a KU team that really isn't playing for much of anything, well, 9-3 and 5-3 isn't out of the realm. I'm not calling Missouri the favorite, but I think they're in pretty good shape unless the Huskers do something shocking like beat Oklahoma.
Prediction for this week?
30-7 Missouri wins. Baylor isn't very good. Missouri is about to get some confidence going. Robert Griffin could have made this interesting. The guy they have at QB now cannot.
Missouri rolls 32-17. Again a quick start by the offense and a fall off in the second half. Fans may just have to get used to that. This Missouri team is going to get better and better as the year goes along. But right now they aren't consistent.
Quick thoughts on basketball season...
I think Missouri will be better than many outside Columbia think. We all know what Tiller and Taylor can do defensively, but I think they can be better on offense than many anticipate. And English, Denmon, Bowers, Paul, Safford, I think they're good players who didn't have a chance last year to contribute what they will this year. My expectation is an NCAA tournament team. Anything after that is a crapshoot.
The hoops team will make the NCAA Tournament. They'll have a good year. But the lack of rebounding will cause this team to be blown off the court at some point by good teams with good big men. That said, I expect Missouri to finish in the top five and possibly higher in the Big 12. They'll be fun to watch almost every night.
Like Father, Unlike Son will appear on the site each week through the end of Missouri's basketball season.


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The vast majority of golf cart battery bank wiring is done in a "series" circuit. To wire in a series circuit means to connect multiple batteries in such a manner that the entire battery bank acts as a single battery, but with the total sum of the voltages of each individual battery. A common example is that six 6 volt batteries wired in a series circuit will act as a single 36 volt battery.
Before proceeding with this discussion, you must first know that common battery banks in golf carts, being 36 volt and 48 volt versions, contain a significant amount of combined current. If directly exposed to high current (amperage), it could cause serious injury or death. Please always exercise the utmost caution when working with power circuits of this nature. Remove all rings or jewelry from your hands and arms, and use insulated tools If possible. If you are unsure about making power connections with this much potential current, please stop and do some research with trained golf cart professionals before proceeding.
Two simple statements govern the rules for series versus parallel golf cart battery bank wiring. In a series circuit, the current through each of the components (batteries) is the same, and the voltage across the circuit is the sum of the voltages across each component. In a parallel circuit, the voltage across each of the components is the same, and the total current is the sum of the currents through each component. Parallel wiring of a golf cart battery bank is not very common.
For the purpose of golf cart battery bank wiring in a series circuit, the dislike terminals are connected in order. To connect six 6 volt batteries together in series, you start with the main positive (+) or main negative (-) terminal of the entire battery bank. For this example, let's start with the golf cart battery bank main positive terminal and connect six 6 volt batteries in series to form a 36 volt bank.
The golf cart battery bank wiring configuration shown below is very commonly used in the E-Z-GO TXT golf car product line as well as many other vehicles. The top of this illustration is oriented to face the front of the golf cart. In which case, the top right battery in our illustration represents the front passenger's side battery. The positive on this battery will be the main positive for the entire battery bank. The negative is then connected to the positive on the next battery. Connect negative to positive all the way throughout the circuit until you arrive at the main negative for the battery bank. If connected properly in a series circuit as shown, you should be able to test across the battery bank main positive and main negative terminals with a voltmeter and get a reading equal to the sum of each battery. In this example, your reading should equal 36 volts (6×6 = 36).
As previously mentioned, when wired in series, the batteries combine their voltage to effectively make a higher voltage golf cart battery bank. Even though their combined voltage is now equivalent to 36 volts, the current or amperage through the batteries which comprise the bank is unchanged. In a series circuit, such as our battery bank example, every battery or component within the circuit must function properly for the circuit to work. If you have a single bad battery, your golf cart may not work due to low overall voltage of the bank due to the bad battery. Further, if a battery cable connecting the individual batteries breaks or is disconnected, the circuit is not complete and will not allow the golf cart to move due to low voltage.
For the purpose of this discussion, it is irrelevant if your golf cart has a DC or AC power system, a series wound motor or a separately excited version. The power supplied to the controller or inverter is most commonly supplied from a golf cart battery bank using individual batteries wired in series to provide a higher useable voltage.
A 48 volt golf cart battery bank wired in a series circuit is also very common in this industry. However, there are several combinations of individual battery voltages which can provide 48 volts. These combinations include the following:
- 48 volts (six 8 volt batteries connected in series)
- 48 volts (eight 6 volt batteries connected in series)
- 48 volts (four 12 volt batteries connected in series)
Before connecting any of the main power leads, positive or negative, be sure to always test across the main battery bank terminals with a voltmeter to ensure you have wired your golf cart battery bank correctly and that the voltage equals what you expected (i.e. the sum of the individual batteries should equal the total bank voltage). Be safe!
By Michael Williams


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Legal Briefs By Gene A. Blumenreich, JD Do surgeons get sued when they work with anesthesiologists? Print version: 1998;66(2):107-110.Key words: Malpractice, supervision, vicarious liability.
Education News By Kathleen P. Hanna, CRNA, EdD Norman R. Wolford, CRNA, EdD Suzanne G. James, PhD Distance education and accreditation Print version: 1998;66(2):113-116.Key words: Distance education, nurse anesthesia accreditation, regional accreditation, specialized accreditation.
AANA Journal Course: Update for nurse anesthetists–A comprehensive review of remifentanil: The next generation opioid By S. Deshlar Puckett, CRNA J. Jeff Andrews, MD In this Journal course, the authors discuss remifentanil, a new member of the fentanil family, which is an ultra-short-acting opioid that can be rapidly titrated and individualized for various levels of surgical stimuli. Included in the article are pharmacodynamics and relative potency, pharmacokinetics and metabolism, pharmacological effects, effects on special patient populations, common adverse effects, interactions/synergism, postoperative pain management dosage and administration, contraindications, and cost issues.Print version: 1998;66(2):125-136.Key words: Remifentanil, μ opioid agonist, ultra-short-acting opioid.
On Leadership By Karlene Kerfoot, RN, CNAA, PhD, FAANLeadership principles: Lessons learned Print version: 1998;66(2):146-147.Key words: Healthcare, leadership, mentoring.
An economic analysis of the investment in nurse anesthesia education By Kathleen A. Fagerlund, CRNA, PhD The purpose of this study was to evaluate the economic investment in nurse anesthesia education by estimating the costs and the benefits to four entities: students, clinical institutions, academic institutions, and others, primarily the taxpayers who often subsidize nurse anesthesia education.Print version: 1998;66(2):153-160.Key words: Costs and benefits, economics of healthcare education, nurse anesthesia education.
Liquid ventilation innovations in ventilatory management By Lindy Deatherage, CRNA, MS Chuck Biddle, CRNA, PhD The goal of mechanical ventilation is to maintain adequate gas exchange by opening and stabilizing alveolar units with minimal detriment to the pulmonary and circulatory systems. In this review article, the author discusses early studies in liquid ventilation, perflubron, total liquid ventilation, partial liquid ventilation, recent human trials of partial liquid ventilation, and combined therapies. Print version: 1998;66(2):161-168.Key words: Mechanical ventilation, partial liquid ventilation, perflubron, perfluorochemical, respiratory distress syndrome.
Interpretation of capnography By Jonathan L. Benumof, MD Monitoring and interpretation of the end-tidal carbon dioxide waveform are skills critical to the conduct of a modern anesthetic. In this review article, the author offers a systematic examination of the end-tidal carbon dioxide waveform and includes the relevant physiological and pathophysiological considerations. Print version: 1998;66(2):169-176.Key words: Capnogram, end-tidal CO2 concentration, ventilation.
The effect of epidural analgesia on the second stage of labor By Cheryl E. McRae-Bergeron, CRNA, ND, RNCS Claire M. Andrews, RN, PhD, CNM, FAAN Patricia J. Lupe, MSN, ND, CNM In this original research, the authors state that few studies have investigated the relationship of cervical dilation at the time of epidural analgesia administration to second-stage length. This study was designed to determine whether cervical dilation at the time of epidural analgesia was associated with length of the second stage of labor. Labor management and outcomes were compared with a nonepidural group.Print version: 1998;66(2):177-182.Key words: Cervical dilation, epidural analgesia, second-stage length.
A comparison of the recovery times of desflurane and isoflurane in outpatient anesthesia By Lisa Bracamontes Rieker, CRNA, MSN Michael P. Rieker, CRNA, MS In this original research, the authors compare the recovery and discharge times of outpatients undergoing procedures greater than 2 hours in length. Thirty-three patients were randomized to receive either desflurane or isoflurane following a standard induction with propofol. Print version: 1998;66(2):183-186.Key words: Ambulatory surgery, desflurane, isoflurane, recovery time.
Anesthetic management of Takayasu's arteritis for extra-anatomic thoraco-abdominal aorto-aortic bypass: A case report By Debra A. Barber, CRNA, MS J.L. Reeves-Viets, MD Althea Fox, CRNA, MS Patrick Curling, MD This case report discusses the pathophysiology of Takayasu's arteritis and the anesthetic considerations for aortic surgery. Takayasu's arteritis is a chronic inflammatory disease that affects the aorta and its main branches. Occurring worldwide, predominantly in persons of Asian descent, oriental females suffer from this disease nine times more frequently than men.Print version: 1998;66(2):187-191.Key words: Aortic surgery, chronic inflammatory disease, Takayasu's arteritis, vasculitis.
Books of Interest Nurse Anesthesia Reviewed by: Debra A. Goldstein, CRNA, MSPrint version: 1998;66(2):195.
AANA Journal Course No. 17 Examination Print version: 1998;66(2):196-206.
Council on Accreditation List of Programs to be Reviewed During Fiscal Year 1999 Print version: 1998;66(2):207.
Index to Advertisers Print version: 1998;66(2):208.


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AP's Hillel Italie has more on a story circulating yesterday with regards to the next (and final) Harry Potter title, as Scholastic will join Bloomsbury and Raincoast in publishing HARRY POTTER AND THE DEATHLY HALLOWS on ecologically friendly paper containing a minimum of 30% post-consumer waste (pcw) fiber. On Scholastic's part, this news results from an agreement with the Rainforest Alliance, a conservation organization that works with the business community, on tightened environmental standards. "We applaud Scholastic's progressive and bold commitment to support responsible forestry practices by buying FSC certified and recycled papers," Liza Murphy, senior marketing manager in the Rainforest Alliance's sustainable forestry program, said in a statement issued by Scholastic.
The news is welcomed by Greenpeace, who protested the previous Harry Potter book's US publication saying that Scholastic was not using enough recycled paper and urged consumers to buy copies from the Canadian publisher. For this new volume, their attitude is different. "Many of the Harry Potter fans worldwide have been able to enjoy the books on FSC-certified paper, and it's great news that Ms. Rowling's American readers can enjoy the final installment of Harry Potter while playing a part in responsible forest management," said Greenpeace forest campaign coordinator Scott Paul.


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Chocolate-Pecan Hedgehog Cookies Recipe
5 4 4
Unlike the real woodland creatures, these chocolate-coated hedgehogs dwell on snack plates and cookie trays. The little guys are fun to make and eat. —Pamela Goodlet, Washington Island, WI
Featured In: 42 Desserts That Are Just Too Cute
VERIFIED BY Taste of Home Test Kitchen
- 1/3 cup butter, softened
- 1/4 cup confectioners' sugar
- 1/2 teaspoon vanilla extract
- 2/3 cup all-purpose flour
- 2/3 cup ground pecans
- 1/8 teaspoon salt
- 1/2 cup 60% cacao bittersweet chocolate baking chips
- 1/4 cup chocolate sprinkles
- Preheat oven to 325°. In a small bowl, cream butter and confectioners' sugar until light and fluffy. Beat in vanilla. Combine flour, pecans and salt; gradually add to creamed mixture and mix well. Shape 1 tablespoon of dough into a ball; pinch the dough to form a face. Repeat. Place 2 in. apart on a greased baking sheet.
- Bake 12-15 minutes or until lightly browned. Let stand 5 minutes before removing to a wire rack to cool completely.
- In a microwave, melt chocolate; stir until smooth. Holding a hedgehog cookie by the nose, spoon chocolate over the back (leave the face uncovered). Allow excess to drip off. Place on waxed paper; immediately coat the wet chocolate with sprinkles.
- With a toothpick dipped in chocolate, make two eyes and a dot on the nose. Let stand until set. Store in an airtight container. Yield: 16 cookies.
Test Kitchen Tips
Originally published as Hedgehog Cookies in Country Woman August/September 2009, p23
Reviews forChocolate-Pecan Hedgehog Cookies
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Reviewed Dec. 18, 2016
"So easy to make, and the cookies are delicious!! Thank You"
Reviewed Jan. 31, 2015
"So adorable! easy to make vegan by just subing out Earth Balance for the butter. Even the adult "kids" loved them. Wouldn't they be great for a baby shower with pink or blue sprinkles?"
Reviewed Feb. 21, 2013
"These cookies were a HUGE hit!!!! Not only cute but delicious too!"


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Artist description:
This drawing is for Sub-Urban Artist's competition. [Link] I could see this image when I looked at the shapes he had chosen as a base for any drawing you imagine. I think it's a great comp :)
Java Draw Created Aug 05, 2009 470 x 338px Unless noted Copyright 2009 Sketcher.
We encourage you to submit a comment and let the artist know what you think of this drawing. Please log in or join to post a comment.
Post a comment
Nice draw!5's
awwww 5/5
woo, i love abstract and this is awesome - check out some of mine! 5 hearts
Very modern style! When u said me u try everything, I couldnt think how many everything it was. You do cartoons, realistic, modern, old school and etc! Amazing!!
It looks great... this is abstract at its best.
Cool draw!!Love the colours!!
awww :3 thats so adorable. nice style to painting too *all hearts*
Awesome textures and emotion in this one. So cool. 5/5
Cool concept - great style.


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I've recently added SSL to a site and then admin area (with a left and main decorator, that redirects each request to https if just http).
But I've had to remove it because the site loads so slooooooow and often timesout and doesn't load at all - basically unusable.
Can anyone offer advice on whether this is "normal" or if there is something I can do to solve the situation please?


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Cytochrome P-450 metabolites of arachidonic acid, the epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), are important signaling molecules in the kidney. In renal arteries, EETs cause vasodilation whereas H2O2 causes vasoconstriction. To determine the physiological contribution of H2O2, catalase is used to inactivate H2O2. However, the consequence of catalase action on EET vascular activity has not been determined. In rat renal afferent arterioles, 14,15-EET caused concentration-related dilations that were inhibited by Sigma bovine liver (SBL) catalase (1,000 U/ml) but not Calbiochem bovine liver (CBL) catalase (1,000 U/ml). SBL catalase inhibition was reversed by the soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) inhibitor tAUCB (1 μM). In 14,15-EET incubations, SBL catalase caused a concentration-related increase in a polar metabolite. Using mass spectrometry, the metabolite was identified as 14,15-dihydroxyeicosatrienoic acid (14,15-DHET), the inactive sEH metabolite. 14,15-EET hydrolysis was not altered by the catalase inhibitor 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole (3-ATZ; 10–50 mM), but was abolished by the sEH inhibitor BIRD-0826 (1–10 μM). SBL catalase EET hydrolysis showed a regioisomer preference with greatest hydrolysis of 14,15-EET followed by 11,12-, 8,9- and 5,6-EET (Vmax = 0.54 ± 0.07, 0.23 ± 0.06, 0.18 ± 0.01 and 0.08 ± 0.02 ng DHET·U catalase−1·min−1, respectively). Of five different catalase preparations assayed, EET hydrolysis was observed with two Sigma liver catalases. These preparations had low specific catalase activity and positive sEH expression. Mass spectrometric analysis of the SBL catalase identified peptide fragments matching bovine sEH. Collectively, these data indicate that catalase does not affect EET-mediated dilation of renal arterioles. However, some commercial catalase preparations are contaminated with sEH, and these contaminated preparations diminish the biological activity of H2O2 and EETs.
- arteries
- epoxyeicosatrienoic acids
- hydrogen peroxide
the vascular endothelium produces vasoactive substances including nitric oxide (NO), prostacyclin (PGI2), and a group of compounds called endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factors (EDHFs) (6, 11, 15, 23). EDHFs hyperpolarize the underlying smooth muscle to cause vascular relaxation (4). In the coronary circulation, two candidates of EDHF activity are the reactive oxygen species (ROS), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) (17, 21), and the epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs), cytochrome P-450 (CYP) epoxygenase metabolites of arachidonic acid (AA) (3, 17, 27). In many vasculatures, EETs mediate vasodilation through activation of smooth muscle large-conductance calcium-activated potassium (BKCa) channels (1, 18, 19, 31). Alternatively, an endothelial cell autocrine effect of EETs has been noted with EETs increasing intracellular calcium through transient receptor potential (TRP) channel translocation and activation of endothelial small-conductance (SKCa) and intermediate-conductance (IKCa) channels (9, 10).
EETs are hydrolyzed by soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) to produce dihydroxyeicosatrienoic acids (DHETs) (29). In human coronary arteries and rat renal afferent arterioles, DHET relaxations are less potent than the corresponding EET regioisomer (16, 18). Thus sEH metabolism of EETs with subsequent DHET formation could regulate EET bioavailability and consequently EDHF activity.
H2O2 is formed from the dismutation of superoxide (O2·−). In vascular endothelial cells, a likely source of H2O2 is the superoxide dismutase (SOD) family of enzymes (24, 25). Besides the coronary circulation, H2O2 mediates EDHF activity in human mesenteric and mouse mesenteric arteries (22, 24). In contrast, in isolated rat renal arteries, H2O2 functions as an endothelium-derived contracting factor (12). To examine the role of H2O2, catalase is often employed as a pharmacological tool to decompose H2O2 and limit its availability.
The initial purpose of this study was to determine whether EET activity in renal arteries is altered by H2O2. In rat renal afferent arterioles, we observed that catalase reduced EET dilations, but this effect varied depending upon the specific commercial catalase preparation. In vitro analysis was performed to examine the chemical interaction of EETs with catalase. We provide evidence that EET stability and EET dilations of renal afferent arterioles are not altered by catalase per se. Alternatively, contamination of select catalase preparations by sEH catalyzes EET hydrolysis. Thus sEH contamination is responsible for decreasing EET bioavailability and consequently for limiting EET vascular activity in the presence of certain catalase products.
Vascular Activity
Experiments were carried out according to the guidelines of the Medical College of Wisconsin Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee. Male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 296 ± 6 g (Charles River Laboratories) were used. Experiments were conducted using the in vitro perfused juxtamedullary nephron preparation described previously (16). Isolated kidneys were perfused with renal artery perfusion pressure set to 100 mmHg. A single afferent arteriole was chosen from each kidney for each experiment. Following a 20-min equilibration, a control diameter was determined. Phenylephrine (0.5 μM) was added to decrease the diameter by 50%. Thereafter, diameter responses to 14,15-EET (0.001–1 μM) were determined. Catalases, Sigma bovine liver (SBL; 1,000 U/ml) or the Calbiochem bovine liver (CBL; 1,000 U/ml) or trans-4-[4-(3-adamantan-1-yl-ureido)-cyclohexyloxy]-benzoic acid (tAUCB; 1 μM), were added 20 min before determination of the responses to 14,15-EET. Vascular internal diameters were measured at a single site using a calibrated image-shearing monitor (model 901, Instrumentation for Physiology and Medicine, San Diego, CA). Diameters are expressed as percent control diameter.
Catalase Incubations
Incubations were performed in 1 ml HEPES buffer (in mM: 10 HEPES, 150 NaCl, 5 KCl, 2 CaCl2, 1 MgCl2, and 6 glucose, pH 7.4). SBL catalase (5, 50, 500 U/ml) was incubated in HEPES for 5 min at 37°C. 3H-14,15-EET (10 μl) was added, and the samples were incubated for an additional 30 min. For metabolite mass spectrometry analysis, EET regioisomers (10 μM) were incubated in HEPES buffer as above with 500 U/ml SBL catalase. For EET regioisomer hydrolysis assays, EETs were incubated in HEPES for 5 min. SBL catalase (100 U/ml) was added, and the incubation was continued for an additional 30 min. All other hydrolysis assays were performed with 14,15-EET (10 μM). In some instances, the catalase inhibitor 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole (3-ATZ; 10, 25, 50 mM) or the sEH inhibitor BIRD-0826 (1, 5, 10 μM) was added with the catalase. Similar incubations were performed using different commercial catalase preparations [500 U/ml, SBL, Sigma mouse liver (SML), Sigma human erythrocytes (SHE), Sigma Aspergillus niger (SAN), Calbiochem bovine liver (CBL)] (Table 1). Ethanol (95%, 333 μl) was added to all samples to quench the reactions. Samples were extracted by solid-phase extraction (Varian C18 extraction columns) as previously described (28), dried under N2 gas, and frozen.
Reverse-Phase HPLC
[14C]AA and 3H-14,15-EET metabolites were resolved by reverse-phase HPLC as previously described (28). Briefly, sample extracts were dissolved in 200 μl acetonitrile-H2O-acetic acid (50:50:0.01). Samples were separated on a Nucleosil-C18 column (5 μm, 4.6 × 250 mm) using a 40-min linear solvent gradient from 50% solvent B (acetonitrile+0.1% glacial acetic acid) in solvent A (H2O) to 100% solvent B. The flow rate was 1 ml/min. The effluent was collected in 200-μl fractions (5 fractions/min), and radioactivity was counted using liquid scintillation spectrometry.
For EET hydrolysis assays, standards and samples were resolved and measured by a Phenomenex Kromasil C18 column (2.0 × 250 mm) and a Hewlett-Packard 1090 Series II liquid chromatograph (Hewlett-Packard, Palo Alto, CA). The flow rate was 0.2 ml/min. Solvent A was deionized water with 0.1% glacial acetic acid, and solvent B was acetonitrile with 0.1% glacial acetic acid. The program consisted of a linear gradient from 55 to 60% B over 10 min, 10 min at 60% B, a linear gradient from 60% to 75% B over 15 min, and a linear gradient of 75–100% over 5 min. Absorbance (235 nm) was recorded with a UV diode array detector and analyzed with Chemstation software. 15-HETE (1 μg) was added to each sample and served as an internal standard. A DHET standard curve was used to quantify DHET metabolites. Each regioisomer was tested in triplicate, and data are presented as means ± SE.
EET Metabolite Mass Spectrometry
Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) was performed (Agilent 1100 LC/MSD, S1 model) as previously described (26). Corresponding deuterated EETs ([2H8]-EETs) were added to the samples as an internal standard. Samples were separated on a reverse-phase C18 column (5 μm, 2 × 150 mm, Kromasil). The mobile phase was H2O-acetonitrile with 0.005% acetic acid and a flow rate of 0.2 ml/min. Nitrogen was used as the drying gas (12 l/min, at 350°C). Detection was done in the negative scanning mode.
Electrophoresis and Coomassie Staining
Protein from each catalase preparation (5 μg) was loaded onto a 12% Tris·HCl gel. The gel was developed for 1 h at 150 V and subsequently washed in H2O for three 5-min intervals. The washed gel was incubated in Coomassie stain for 1 h and washed for 72 h in H2O.
Western Immunoblotting
Proteins from each catalase preparation (100 μg each) were loaded onto a 12% Tris·HCl gel and resolved at 100 V for 1 h. Proteins were transferred to a nitrocellulose membrane. Nonspecific binding was blocked with 5% milk in Tris-buffered saline (TBS; buffer containing 20 mM Tris base, 150 mM NaCl, 0.1% sodium azide, and 3% bovine serum albumin) containing 0.1% Tween (TBST) for 2 h at room temperature. Membranes were washed in TBST and incubated with rabbit anti-sEH antibody (1:2,000 in 5% TBST, kind gift from Dr. Bruce Hammock, UC Davis, Davis, CA) overnight at 4°C. The membranes were rinsed with TBST buffer, incubated with horseradish peroxidase-conjugated goat anti-rabbit antibody (1:2,000 in 5% milk in TBS) for 1 h at room temperature, and washed with TBS buffer. Immunoreactive bands were identified using the Renaissance chemiluminescence detection kit and Kodak BioMax ML film.
Protein Mass Spectroscopy
Sample preparation.
From the SDS-PAGE gel, the SBL catalase protein bands at ∼57 kDa (1-mm segments) were cut, minced, and placed into a low binding Eppendorf tube. Gel segments were washed with 10 volumes of distilled water (∼200 μl) for 10 min with sonication. The segments were equilibrated with 200 μl of 25 mM ammonium bicarbonate (NH4HCO3, pH 8.0) with sonication for 10 min. The supernatant was discarded, and the remaining gel particles were dried (∼10 min in a vacuum centrifuge). Gel slices were digested in 25 μl trypsin (20 ng/μl, Promega) in 25 mM NH4HCO3 for 16 h at 37°C. Digest solution was extracted with one volume (35 μl) 80% acetonitrile in 1% formic acid with sonication for 20 min. Peptides were dried and resuspended in 16 μl distilled water with 0.1% formic acid, passed through a C18 ZipTip, and eluted in 50% acetonitrile in water with 0.1% formic acid.
LC-Fourier transformed ion cyclotron resonance MS.
LC analysis was performed on an Agilent 1100 LC system connected to an IonSpec 7.0 Tesla Fourier transformed ion cyclotron resonance MS (FTMS), which was controlled using IonSpec Omega software. A Proteo 90A column (Jupiter, 150 × 0.50 mm, 4 μm) was used to separate the peptides. The mobile phase consisted of solvent A (0.1% formic acid in H2O) and solvent B (0.1% formic acid in acetonitrile) with a gradient of 10% B at 0 min to 100% B at 60 min. The flow rate was set to 10 μl/min, and run time was 85 min. Probe and ESI chamber heaters were 80°C, and the source heater was 130°C. The FTMS was operated in the positive mode. The ion guide was optimized for 700 m/z. The peptide calibration mixture contained angiotensin II, bombesin, substance P, and melitin. The data-dependent function of the Omega software was used to acquire the MS/MS data. Precursor ions were dissociated by sustained off-resonance irradiation (SORI). Nitrogen gas was used for fragmentation. Transients of both the MS and MS/MS data were collected.
Backward database searching.
The PubMed Protein website was used to obtain the amino acid sequences of bovine catalase and sEH. Theoretical trypsin digestions (2 missed cleavage sites allowed) were determined using the Peptide Cutter Program (http://us.expasy.org/tools/peptidecutter) to acquire possible tryptic fragments. These were compared against the list of deconvoluted masses in the MS data. Theoretical fragments of peptides dissociated for MS/MS were generated using the fragment ion calculator (http://db.systemsbiology.net:8080/proteomicsToolkit/FragIonServlet.html). Resulting possible fragment ions were compared against ions generated by MS/MS.
Data collection.
MS spectra 48–81 were summed, and the resulting spectrum was deconvoluted. Masses were submitted to the MASCOT search engine using the MSDB database. Two missed cleavages and a 1.5-Dalton peptide mass tolerance was allowed. Similarly, MS/MS data selected and dissociated by the Omega software between spectra 48 and 81 were submitted to MASCOT.
Epoxygenase Activity Assay
CYP2C9 microsomes (250 pM, BD Gentest Supersomes, Franklin Lakes, NJ) were incubated in 400 μl assay buffer of the following composition: 0.05 M Tris·HCl, 0.15 M KCl, 0.01 M MgCl2·6H2O, pH = 7.5 with no catalase or with either CBL and SBL catalase (500 U/ml) at 37°C for 10 min in a shaking water bath. Isocitrate (1 mM), isocitrate dehydrogenase (0.025 U/ml), AA (10−7 M), 3 μl 14C-AA, and NADPH (0.4 mM) were added, and the samples were incubated at 37°C for an additional 30 min. Ethanol (25% final concentration) was added to quench the reactions. All samples were extracted and separated with reverse-phase HPLC as previously described (28). EET/DHET ratios were estimated by summing the total radioactive counts under the respective peaks.
The various commercial catalase preparations are described in Table 1. EETs and 3H-EETs were synthesized using published methods (3, 7, 28). All chemicals were purchased from Sigma unless noted otherwise. The sEH inhibitor tAUCB was a gift from Dr. Bruce Hammock (Univ. of California-Davis).
Statistical Analysis
Data were evaluated using a one-way ANOVA with repeated measures when applicable. Differences between group means were determined using a Newman-Kuels multiple range test. P values <0.05 were considered statistically different. All values are reported as means ± SE.
In buffer-perfused and pressurized rat renal afferent arterioles, 14,15-EET caused concentration-dependent dilations (Fig. 1, maximum dilation = 45 ± 9%). The dilations were not altered by pretreatment with the CBL catalase (1,000 U/ml) but were significantly inhibited by the SBL catalase (1,000 U/ml, maximum dilation = 25 ± 6%). Dilations to 14,15-EET in the presence of the SBL catalase were restored to control values by the sEH inhibitor tAUCB (1 μM, maximum dilation = 49 ± 12%). This suggests that the SBL catalase contains an enzyme that metabolizes the EET to a less vasoactive metabolite.
3H-14,15-EET was incubated with SBL catalase (5, 50 and 500 U/ml). Metabolites were extracted, separated by reverse-phase HPLC, and radioactivity was counted. With 5 U/ml SBL catalase (Fig. 2A), only one radioactive peak was observed that comigrated with the 14,15-EET standard. With higher catalase concentrations (Fig. 2, B and C), a more polar peak was evident. Only the polar peak was observed when the EET was incubated with 500 U/ml catalase (Fig. 2C).
LC-MS analysis was separately performed to identify the SBL catalase metabolites of 14,15-EET as well as metabolites of 11,12-, 8,9-, and 5,6-EET. EETs and the corresponding metabolites eluted as two distinct peaks: 15.0 and 33.7 min, 16.7 and 36.1 min, 18.1 and 36.9 min, and 19.8 and 37.8 min, for 14,15-, 11,12-, 8,9-, and 5,6-EET, respectively. The 33- to 38-min peaks were consistent with the elution time of EET standards and the 15- to 20-min peaks comigrated with the DHET standards. 14,15-EET eluded the column at 33.7 min (Fig. 3A) and demonstrated an [M-1] ion with a mass/charge (m/z) of 319 (Fig. 3B). The hydrolysis metabolite of 14,15-EET eluded the column at 15.0 min and demonstrated an [M-1] ion with an m/z of 337 (Fig. 3C). This is consistent with the molecular mass of 14,15-DHET. The other EET regioisomers produced similar results (data not shown).
We evaluated the effect of other commercially available catalase preparations on 14,15-EET hydrolysis. Properties of these preparations are listed in Table 1. There were no differences between control incubations without catalase or incubations with the CBL, SHE, and SAN preparations (≤ 0.3 μg DHET/U catalase, Fig. 3D). Significant DHET production was measured in incubations with the SBL and SML preparations (≥16.0 μg DHET/U catalase). Of note, EET hydrolysis was limited to liver-derived catalase preparations obtained from Sigma with low catalase specific activity.
The rate of EET hydrolysis by the SBL catalase demonstrated regioisomer specificity. For the 30-min incubation, DHET production was greatest for 14,15- followed by 11,12-, 8,9-, and 5,6-EET (Fig. 4A). This reflects hydrolysis rates of 0.54 ± 0.07, 0.23 ± 0.06, 0.18 ± 0.01, and 0.08 ± 0.02 μg DHET/U catalase/min for 14,15-, 11,12-, 8,9-, and 5,6-EET, respectively. This profile is similar to EET hydrolysis by purified sEH (27). Together, these results suggest that sEH contamination of the SBL catalase is responsible for the observed EET metabolism.
To further clarify the role of sEH and catalase in the observed hydrolysis, 14,15-EET hydrolysis assays with the SBL catalase were repeated in the presence and absence of either the catalase inhibitor 3-ATZ (10–50 mM) or the sEH inhibitor BIRD-0826 (1–10 μM). 14,15-DHET production did not differ between the control and samples treated with 3-ATZ (Fig. 4B). Conversely, BIRD-0826 caused concentration-dependent inhibition of 14,15-DHET production (Fig. 4C). These results further indicate that EET hydrolysis to DHET is due to sEH activity and not catalase activity.
The various catalase preparations were examined by electrophoresis and Coomassie staining for protein content and Western immunoblotting for sEH expression. Coomassie staining (Fig. 5A) revealed prominent bands between 50 and 75 kDa in the SBL, C40, and SHE preparations, corresponding to the ∼60-kDa mass of catalase and mammalian sEH. Multiple bands or streaking was seen in all preparations except the SHE preparation. Strong sEH expression (57-kDa band) (Fig. 5B) was observed in the SBL and SME catalase preparations. Notably, these preparations also demonstrated significant EET hydrolysis.
The 57-kDa band from lanes loaded with the SBL catalase were cut from the gel and prepared for LC-FTMS for protein identification. MS analysis detected 28 peptides that matched bovine sEH (Table 2). Further MS/MS analysis identified three peptide fragments that matched segments of bovine sEH (Table 3). Two fragments had scores that indicated extensive homology for bovine sEH. As a positive control, MS results were compared against tryptic fragments of bovine catalase. Seventeen peptide fragments were detected that matched bovine catalase (data not shown).
To eliminate the possibility that catalase is directly altering cytochrome P-450 activity to inhibit EET production, epoxygenase assays were performed using microsomes overexpressing CYP2C9. Microsomes were incubated with [14C]AA without catalase or with SBL or CBL catalase (500 U/ml). Metabolites were extracted and analyzed by reverse-phase HPLC. In control incubations, 14C metabolites comigrating with EET and DHET standards were observed, and the EET/DHET ratio was 2.0/1 with AA conversion to EET+DHET of 25% (Fig. 6A). Incubation with the CBL catalase did not alter the [14C]AA metabolic profile (EET/DHET ratio = 1.5/1, and AA conversion of EET+DHET of 23%) (Fig. 6B). However, the SBL catalase dramatically reduced the magnitude of the metabolites that comigrated with the EETs and increased the peaks that comigrated with the DHETS (EET/DHET ratio = 0.1/1 with AA conversion of EET+DHET of 31%) (Fig. 6C). This indicates that catalase itself does not alter CYP2C9 epoxygenase activity, and the CYP2C9 microsome incubation with the SBL catalase showed a greatly reduced EET/DHET ratio, suggesting enhanced EET hydrolysis.
The major finding from this study is that some, but not all, commercial catalase preparations are contaminated with sEH. This finding is particularly relevant since EETs and H2O2 have opposing activity in renal vascular studies (12, 16) and both EETs and H2O2 have been identified as EDHFs in other vascular beds (3, 17, 21, 22, 27). Catalase is a fundamental pharmacological tool widely used to characterize the role of H2O2 in vascular function. However, if the catalase preparation also contains sEH, inhibition of vascular activity could be secondary to limited EET availability and not decreased H2O2.
The effect of contaminated catalase preparations would only be apparent in arteries that demonstrate a clear difference between the dilator ability of the EET and the DHET with more potent dilations occurring with the EETs. In rat renal afferent arteries, 11,12-EET causes a potent dilation whereas 11,12-DHET causes constriction (16). In these arterioles, the sEH-contaminated SBL catalase reduced 14,15-EET dilations whereas the noncontaminated CBL catalase was without effect. The catalase-associated reduction in EET dilation was rescued with sEH inhibition. Thus sEH contamination of catalase can significantly diminish EET availability and consequently reduce EET dilations. Since H2O2 functions as a contracting factor in renal arteries (12), inhibition of EET vascular dilation by the contaminated catalase could mask the reduction of H2O2 availability and the associated contraction.
Identification and characterization of sEH as the contaminating enzyme in the SBL catalase preparation was demonstrated through multiple mechanisms. The identification of DHETs as the primary EET metabolite suggested hydrolysis activity. sEH is highly expressed in numerous mammalian tissues including the liver and is the primary endogenous enzyme responsible for EET hydrolysis (8, 30). Thus sEH was a primary candidate for the hydrolysis activity. In addition to our study, Guenthner and colleagues (13) described sEH preparations contaminated with catalase and vice versa. sEH contamination of catalase preparations likely stems from structural similarities between the two enzymes (14). Both are cytosolic enzymes, but mammalian catalase is a homotetramer whereas mammalian sEH is a homodimer. However, the subunits are of similar size, ∼60 kDa.
Catalase-dependent 14,15-EET hydrolysis was blocked by sEH inhibition but not catalase inhibition. In addition, catalase-dependent EET hydrolysis demonstrated a similar pattern of EET regioisomer specificity as purified sEH (30). This pharmacological and hydrolytic profile further suggested sEH as the enzyme responsible for the hydrolysis. In addition, Western immunoblotting detected sEH protein in some commercial catalase preparations. The expression of sEH by Western immunoblotting correlated with EET hydrolysis activity. Additionally, the presence of bovine sEH in the SBL catalase was confirmed by MS analysis. Together, our evidence clearly illustrates the role of sEH in the EET hydrolysis by the SBL catalase.
The catalase sEH contamination should only alter EET availability and not EET production. This was clarified by measuring epoxygenase activity of CYP2C9 microsomes. The EET/DHET production was not reduced by the sEH-contaminated catalase; however, the EET/DHET ratio was dramatically reduced.
The two sEH-contaminated catalase preparations that were identified by Western immunoblotting and EET hydrolysis assays were derived from mammalian liver, purchased from Sigma and had low levels of catalase enzyme activity (SBL = 3,940 U/mg protein, SML = 1,200 U/mg protein) (Table 1). The lack of sEH contamination in the CBL liver-catalase demonstrates that contamination is independent of tissue source. The contaminated Sigma catalases were prepared from both murine and bovine sources, showing that contamination is independent of source species. Sigma as a vendor is also not a determining factor since Sigma provided the apparently sEH-free SAN and SHE catalases. In addition, low catalase activity in itself does not correlate with sEH contamination because the SAN preparation had low activity (catalase activity = 5,270 U/mg protein) and did not show evidence of EET hydrolysis or sEH protein expression. Thus it is important to determine the purity of a catalase preparation before use.
To illustrate the importance of our findings to the American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology readership, searching the journal website for the terms hydrogen peroxide plus catalase resulted in 2,090 citations. From the first 50 relevant original articles listed, 18 articles used catalase in their experimental design. Of these 18, Sigma was the source in 12 of the articles, 5 articles did not note a catalase source, and 1 used Boehringer Ingelheim Biochemical as their source. Thus Sigma catalase accounts for >65% of catalase use by American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology contributors. It should be noted that we verified sEH contamination of the Sigma bovine and mouse liver-derived catalases of the specific product and lot numbers tested (see Table 1). This article should alert researchers to the problem so investigators need to check for sEH contamination of other product and lot numbers. Notation of product and lot numbers are not typically included in manuscript method descriptions.
Catalase is an indispensible tool for studying the endogenous effects of H2O2, and suitable alternative pharmacological tools to inactivate H2O2 are not available. An alternative approach is to pharmacologically inhibit H2O2 production. However, vascular H2O2 production occurs at many sources, including dismutation of O2·− either spontaneously or by SOD catalysis or enzymatic production by xanthine oxidase or glucose oxidase (2, 24, 25). Thus pharmacological regulation of H2O2 at the site of production remains complex.
Purification of commercial catalase by various chromatography applications (5, 20) is feasible but time consuming. Purchase of high-specific activity, purified catalase preparations remains a more practical approach to eliminate sEH contamination. In this regard, all high-activity catalase preparations tested for this publication were without apparent sEH contamination.
In summary, our findings demonstrated that certain commercial catalase preparations are contaminated with active sEH. Because of the dual nature of the contaminated catalase preparations to degrade H2O2 and hydrolyze EETs, their use could lead to erroneous interpretations regarding EET- and H2O2 -dependent vascular responses. These studies indicate that published studies using SBL or SML catalase to establish a role for H2O2 as a mediator of endothelium-dependent responses need to be reevaluated and their conclusions questioned.
These studies were supported by grants from the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute (HL-51055 to W. B. Campbell), HL-59699 (to J. D. Imig), and HL-080704 (to D. D. Gutterman) and the National Institute of Digestive and Kidney Diseases (DK38226 to J. R. Falck).
No conflicts of interest, financial or otherwise, are declared by the authors.
The authors thank Gretchen Barg for secretarial assistance, Dr. Bruce Hammock (Univ. of California-Davis) for the sEH inhibitor tAUCB and sEH antibody, and Dr. Richard Ingraham (Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceutical) for the sEH inhibitor BIRD0826.
- Copyright © 2011 the American Physiological Society


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After School's Lizzy believes she has a better body than fellow member UEE.
The singer participated on the November 24th broadcast of MBC's 'Quiz to Change the World' as a panel guest member and impressed viewers with her acting skills mixed with her rich Busan accent.
When asked whether she received any advice on acting from UEE, Lizzy replied, "I told her I'd be acting using my dialect and she just told me to do whatever makes me comfortable."
Upon hearing her answer, MC Lee Hwi Jae questioned their relationship whether they're really close, to which Lizzy stuttered saying, "We're close...," drawing much laughter from viewers.
Lizzy then confidently ranked herself as the After School member with the best body. "I've seen UEE unnie fully nude and I think I have a better figure than her. She lost weight, so in terms of volume, I have exactly all three levels."
Jimin reveals how he was almost cut from BTS
22 hours ago 85,087 19,582 279


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Love this real good position and feel the cock all inside my body...
Essentially the Butterfly position with a twist, the Screw definitely deserves the name. The receiver lies on their side at the edge of a bed or couch, while their partner enters from the edge side. This position offers the giver a great deal of freedom of movement, takes very little strength, and features the rotated penetration angle, making it one of the hottest sex positions around.
it is going be heard 4 me to do because im a big woman
I really want to try this one. Is entering tricky in this position, or is it easy. It looks like it could be a tricky one just to get started.
Feels like really deep penetration without hurting her. I love the look and feel of this one a little bit more when my wife's pussy is hairy.
As someone posted, it felt good because his partner had a big ass. I'm not big in that area. We went from the butterfly to this for a few, maybe 30 seconds. Kinda hurt me and my bf stopped because he was climaxing too fast. It became better in that posistion when he raised my leg to take the pressure off his cock. That was better for me to, but we soon went to the butterfly with my legs on his shoulders.
to try this with a woman, seen this on a porno and have to try it out!
I must say this is the best position I ever did with my partner. It feels great when your partner has a big ass.Tightening her legs makes the vagina feel tight
tried this one an it was awesome!!! feeling my bf fat cock going deep into my pussy felt so good... painful but gr8888!!!
This looks so hot! The animation is really turning me on its like porn!!
Wow this looks so good. I want this done to me its making me horny just looking at the speed he's doing it. Very nice.
it's a hot position... after checking out this site.. my man and I had a great time... he likes this one...
this position looks sooooooooo good but by bed is so high i will have 2 try this with him. but with him standing up & c how it works...loooks like a good deep penatration!!!!
talk about a really sexy position, they look like there really havning fun!!! i love this one.
That looks very hot! Need to give her a go with that one.
seams hard
wanna try this with my GF
my fiance and i did this it felt amazin i couldnt stop cummin and the angle his dick was goin inside me hit my g-spot so easily i thought i was gonna passout from it hehe
have done this with hubby, it's awesome!
so wet just thinking about it but he's away on business...shame
Ive done this one before it feels so good cuz you get a different angle of his c**k and it also goes in deeper and i love that what female doesnt like it deep but this is one of my favorites ..
With this i use to make my Lover come EVERY TIME 2,3, 4 times....LOVE it ;)
this looks like it would be awesome
This position is so amazing for both parts. Especially for the girl. If you take her legs further up, press them into her chest, you can go even deeper, and if you do that you never go wrong in town ;) My advise is just try different things, hold her legs further up, 1 leg on your shoulder, whatever you wanna try. Always be up for trying new things, even if its wierd! If its too wierd you just have a good laugh instead, but thats better than your sex life dies ;) So have fun, and pleasure your woman till she's drained for power! ;).
Yesterday me and my bf did this on the kitchen table. it was heaven.
I actually had this one today!! It works really well especially if the female can hold on to a pillow and if the man will intertwine his fingers with hers. Very intimate. Very amazing.


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Jerry Z. Muller: Why Do Jewish People Succeed? Study Their HistoryRoundup: Talking About History
In recent decades, economists have been struggling to make use of the concept of human capital, often defined as the abilities, skills, knowledge and dispositions that make for economic success. Yet those who use the term often assume that to conceptualize a phenomenon is a first step to manipulating it. And, indeed, "human-capital policy" is now much in fashion. But what if many of the abilities and dispositions in question are a product of history, capable of being understood and explained but not readily replicated?
Simon Kuznets, one of the 20th century's great economists, was a pioneer of human-capital theory. Not long before he died, Kuznets recommended to a young colleague that one ought study the role of Jews in economic life.
By and large, economists and other social scientists have neglected the history of Jews and capitalism, for reasons that are understandable, though unconvincing. For most economists, the extent to which modern capitalism has been shaped by earlier cultural predispositions is a source of puzzlement at best, if not merely a factor to be dismissed....
A look at the historical experience of the Jews shows that while most Jews were mired in poverty at the beginning of the 20th century, over time they tended to do disproportionately well in societies that allowed them to compete on an equal basis. That was the case first in central and western Europe and then in the United States....
There are a number of ways to account for Jews' disproportionate achievement. For one thing, Jews had more experience with commerce than most other groups and the tacit knowledge of buying, selling and calculating advantage that was passed on in families with ties to business helps explain why Jews tended to be better at it.
Moreover, in much of Europe, Jews had long been excluded from most of the established economy of land ownership and from many other fields that were reserved for Christians. So they learned to be on the lookout for new opportunities in underserved markets, working as peddlers, for example, or creating new products, or new forms of marketing.
Social networks also played an important role. Jews were spread across many countries, but to some extent shared a common language and a sense of common fate. So they were more aware of distant opportunities, had more international contacts and were disproportionately active in international trade.
In addition, Jews had a religious culture that promoted universal adult literacy - at least for men - and a culture that respected book learning. Those attitudes and dispositions were transferred from religious texts to secular forms of education. As a result, Jews were highly oriented toward education and willing to defer current pleasures and income to obtain more of it....
But cultures that tend to resent the economically successful - either as an affront to equality, or on the implicit assumption that the economic gains of some must be at the expense of others - tend to be more hostile toward Jews and given to conspiratorial theories to explain their economic success. Most societies lie somewhere along a spectrum between these two poles.
Some social scientists are wary of calling attention to the reality of disproportionate Jewish economic success for fear of arousing anti-Semitism, or contributing to conspiratorial theories about Jewish economic dominance. No doubt, conspiratorial minds will always find fodder for their obsessions. But the fact that the history of Jews and capitalism calls current social-scientific wisdom and method into question is all the more reason to explore the topic.
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We gradually introduced limits. I think by 7 I was lying down w/both dds in their bed, then leaving when they were asleep. Still do that, but now (age 9 and 6) they can sleep w/o me if necessary. At first they would usually wake in the night and come into the big bed. Dd1 seems to wake more often in the night, so eventually we told her that it had to be no more than an hour before time to wake up in the AM. Some nights she would come in and look at the clock and go back to her bed. There were times we would make an exception, like if someone was sick or having nightmares or something. At this time she can come in for maybe 10 minutes when it's time to wake up, and everyone seems fine with the current arrangement.
One downside was that I had to be willing to go to them in their bed if someone was fussing, having nightmares, etc. I might lie down with them for a short time, until they were calm, then go back to my bed. But I don't need to do that anymore.
We all have our own pillows and covers. I cant imagine it being very comfortable sharing a cover. For younger kids, its not safe. Also, my kids love their blankets.
You must have a really huge bed to let everyone have their own blankets. Its cold enough here we have an electric blanket plus several more on the bed. You can't bunch up electric blankets so each of us having our own wouldn't be safe.
i add a mattress if necessary. We sleep on a futon.
I discovered co-sleeping when ds1 was about 2 mos old. Around his 2nd bday, when he chose to stop nursing, I had a room with twin beds on opposite walls and could lay with him until he fell asleep and then go the whole night in the other bed alone. When he was 4 yo I got married and he got his own room for the 1st time. I used a gentle transition method which I later found out was basically the NCSS. He was so impressed with himself for being a big boy!
Ds2 co-slept from his 1st night outside my body. I never even bought a crib. When he was 2 yo we got a toddler bed to go in my room but he hated it. Although he did STTN at 2, he nursed until 5 yo. At 4.5 yo I put a bunk bed in ds1's room and expected ds2 to sleep there...it took up to an hour to get him to fall asleep, I had to be right there. It wasn't enough for his big brother to be in the room bc he couldn't see him up there. We really struggled.
At 7.5 yo he got his own room and did really well for a couple of years and then really began developing severe anxiety and signs of disordered mood. He would take forever to be comforted to sleep and ended up in my room almost every night. And he was too scared to sleep on the floor, he had to be in my bed.
Now he is almost 12 and most nights I can just tuck him in but a couple of times a week I wake up to a knobby knee in my spine. It's driving me crazy, I can't take it anymore but the one night I locked my door he cried so loud I woke up and let him in. I asked him how old is too old to sleep in mom's bed, in his opinion, and he said he doesn't know. I said 12 is too old so we will see what happens in a few months.
My current 7 year old is part time in my bed and part time in the bed above me (bunk beds). My oldest child stopped co-sleeping at age 10, she is now 11 and can sleep alone but actually prefers to sleep with her 4.5 year old brother because she says her bed is lonely and cold otherwise. We will be co-sleeping for quite some time to come. Real estate is really expensive here and we are in the process on buying a tiny little 2 bedroom house. Did I mention we are a family of six? My new bedroom plan will be to keep the 11 and 4.5y old together in the tiny second bedroom and then get two beds in the master. One for the 7y old and I and 1 for Dh and the 2.5 year old. That will be it for the foreseeable future.
My 9yo ds and I still share a bed. He's starting to be OK with the idea of having his own bed and room, so we'll probably make that happen soon. As a baby, he was in my arms or sling 24/7, and has continued to be a snuggler all his life, so it seems likely he's an outlier on the "years of cosleeping" spectrum.
Mine was still co-sleeping at 7, but by 8 she likes us to lie down with her while she is falling asleep but wants to sleep by herself.

complete co-sleeping at 7, to

me lying down with my son until he fell asleep in his own bed (then slipping out to spend time with dh and then go to sleep in my own bed), to

lying down with him for ten minutes then leaving while he was half-asleep, to

tucking him into bed and sitting in a chair in the room to read for ten minutes before leaving.

Now he's 9 and sleeping by himself in a loft bed in his room. Sometimes I stay and read for a bit after I tuck him in and sometimes I just kiss and go. He's welcome to come cuddle with me in my bed if he wants but he rarely does. I love that bedtime has always been a good and happy time for him (and I love that bit of structured reading time just for me!)

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Jackie Greene — the Sacramento-area singer known for his sounds that intertwine blues, jazz, rock and folk — is coming to the Lodi Grape Festival for the first time, ever. He's bringing his guitar and live-in-the-moment attitude.
While touring in the UK last week, he answered a few questions about his music career and his upcoming show at the festival.
Q: What made you want to return to Lodi for a performance at the Grape Festival?
A: I like small towns. The sense of community is very apparent and that's appealing to me.
Q: Will you stay in town for a while? If so, what will you do — any Lodi favorite hangouts?
A: Unfortunately, no; we've got to be back on the road. If we stayed, we would go to Tin Roof BBQ.
Q: For someone who has never been to one of your shows, how would you describe the overall experience?
A: Hard to say. We have an eclectic crowd. Old and young. Some people think we are too loud, some people think we aren't loud enough. We do all kinds of music — rock and roll, blues, bluegrass and jazz. It's tough to describe. I just hope people have a good time.
Q: What are some of your songs you're looking forward to performing at the Grape Festival?
A: I live in the moment, so we'll see . . .
Q: I know you're in the UK, can you tell us where else you've been and what you've been working on?
A: We played up in Edinburgh last night. Tonight we are in London. Tomorrow we'll be in Bristol. Next week in Holland. It's been a blast.
Q: What are you most proud of?
A: My hot sauce collection. It's world class. Believe it.
Jackie Greene is performing Saturday at 7 and 9 p.m. on the Budweiser Amphitheater Stage.


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We all have our own tried-and-true hangover remedies, whether its the hair of the dog, greasy diner food, or pickle juice. But the one thing we can all agree on is that not much else eases the pain after a great night out like a steaming bowl of pho. Hydrating, nourishing, and easy on the stomach, pho is the best pick-me-up when you're feeling less than chipper. For those bleak mornings (which, let's face it, come around way more often with age), I've compiled a list of the best pho around the city. Find one closest to you (because there's no way you're getting on Muni with a killer hangover) and slurp down that good stuff.
JASMINE GARDEN (Castro), 708 14th St.
Surprisingly, this Castro restaurant (not an area you'd expect to find the best pho) serves up some of the tastiest in the city. For you vegetarians out there, their veggie pho has all the flavor and comfort of the typical beefy bowl. The beef pho with lemongrass broth is spicy, flavorful, and a nice change from more standard version. Vegetarian, chicken, and beef all pack such a flavor punch that you won't even need to add much to make this the perfect bowl of pho.
TURTLE TOWER (The Tenderloin/Little Saigon), 631 Larkin St.
Chicken pho by Foodspotting user pmeikim
For a lighter bowl, head to Little Saigon for Turtle Tower's famous chicken or beef pho. This Northern Vietnamese-style restaurant makes pho a little differently from the more common Southern restaurants. The broth here is light and delicate, the noodles are wider, and the meat is high quality. The Northern tradition uses none of the Southern herbs and spices to doctor your soup with; instead you'll get a plate of jalapeños and lime wedges to brighten things up. Get here early on the weekends… this spot has the masses lining up around the block!
EVERGREEN GARDEN (Mission), 3100 18th St.
With such a high concentration of great bars in the Mission, you're bound to find yourself waking up on someone's couch (or in someone's bed) with an unyielding need for pho. Evergreen Garden has you covered. Their broth is on the lighter side, but comes with a wide variety of meats and condiments to play with. Large portions and low prices will keep you coming back for more. And bonus, they deliver!
PPQ BEEF NOODLE HOUSE (Outer Sunset), 1816 Irving St.
Photo by Yelp user Karen S.
PPQ arguably boasts the most authentic bowl of pho in the city. The beef comes to your table raw and on a separate plate. Drop it in the bowl so it cooks right in front of you, bathed in hot broth.With extensive choices such as tripe, tendon, rare flank steak, shredded chicken, and beef balls, you can truly have your pho and eat it too.
TIN VIETNAMESE CUISINE (SoMa), 937 Howard St.
Photo by Yelp user Be N.
Tin, a family-owned Vietnamese restaurant in SoMa, makes more than just a great bowl of pho. Try a crisp papaya salad alongside your bowl for an excellent balance of hot and cold. Their flavors are bright and refreshing, and the vegetables are fresh and delicious. And a bonus, everything on their menu is under $10, so you can get a lunch of kings without breaking the bank.
MY CANH (North Beach), 626 Broadway St.
Photo by Yelp user Vicky L.
This hole in the wall serves pho just the way it's supposed to be: Sans frills. My Canh is open until 2 am and serves up a reliable bowl of pho with rare steak, fresh basil, lime, chile, bean sprouts, and scallions. The recipient of SF Weekly's Best Pho in 2009, this family-owned pho joint is fast, cheap, and certainly hits the spot.
Y & Y VIETNAMESE CUISINE (Inner Richmond), 914 Clement St.
Photo by Yelp user Whoopi L.
Y&Y offers a few surprising meat options on their pho menu, such as their five spice chicken, BBQ pork chop, and beef lemongrass BBQ. The broth is dark and rich, with the flavor of beef permeating every slurp. Cool down a hot mouth with one of their interesting drink options, like their grass jelly with coconut milk or one of their many fresh juice options.
I know you all have your personal favorite pho, so let us know in the comments which ones we should try next!


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Cost Efficiency and its Decomposition for Missouri Grain Farms
This study computes and decomposes farm efficiency for Missouri grain farms using a nonparametric cost frontier approach. The results indicate that the overall cost efficiency is 58 percent, suggesting significant inefficiencies exist among sample farms. Misallocation of inputs and improper scale of operation are the major sources of inefficiency. A Tobit model is used to examine the impacts of variables such as farm size, specialization, tenancy position, hired labor, and investment on inefficiency. Technical efficiency is independent of farm size, while scale efficiency is not. Improving cost efficiency, particularly allocative and scale efficiencies, would enhance farm profits.
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Volume (Year): 31 (2005)
Issue (Month): 2 ()
Pages: 19-44
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Proceeding to see how well the NZXT Apollo truly stacks up, we had installed the following hardware:
|Hardware Components
|Intel Xeon 5150 Woodcrest
|Tyan Tempest i5000VS
|2 x 512MB Kingston DDR2 FB-DIMMs
|Hard Drives:
|Seagate 200GB SATA2
|Optical Drives:
|Lite-On 16x DVD-ROM
|Power Supply:
|SilverStone ST75ZF 750W
|Software Components
|Operating System:
|Fedora Core 5
Installing the Tyan server motherboard inside of this chassis was a tight fight but luckily, all had fit well. During the entire installation process, we had not run into any show-stopping challenges. The included fans were relatively quiet, and the SECC steel design had done a great job at keeping the system minimally quiet.
This has been yet another case review, and while nothing too jaw dropping was done with this case, NZXT had managed to make the Apollo into a nice midtower package. Much of the chassis is screw-less, offers an innovative see-through smoked acrylic pane, and uses SECC steel for top-notch quality. At the time of writing, the NZXT Apollo can be found for approximately $70 USD, which is well priced for the offering.


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By: Spacelab Research Staff
The Bonnaroo Music and Arts Festival has named its dates for 2009 ... and the show will go down June 11-14, with a ticket pre-sale starting on Descember 4th.
The festival is starting a payment plan to allow buyers to pay in installments. That's right -- 2009 will be the year of the festival layaway plan. Paymnet plan peeps can participate for five easy payments of $50.
Check out the Festival Overview for more details.
Festival Overview
Tags: Bonnaroo, Festival
Music News
Tour Dates NEW!
Music Reviews
Music Tech News
Music Festival News
Streaming Music Guide
Music Festivals USA
Music Festivals Canada
Music Festivals Europe
Music Festivals Australia
Music Festivals Asia
Film Festival Guide NEW!


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On the bus the other day I overheard a woman discussing her upcoming nuptials. She was quite the modern girl, it seems, and was not going for any of the traditional ceremonial wedding stuff. Well, maybe a small wedding party, like three bridesmaids and three groomsmen, definitely no more than that! And certainly no flowers, no boutonnières, no tossing of the (non-existent) bouquet, no dancing, and no wedding cake. "I want this to be about me getting married", I heard her say, "not about all this wedding stuff. I want it to be a party!"
Another conversation I overheard was between a young man hauling "Mass Transit Now" lawn signs (we have a large mass transit expansion proposal on our November ballot) and an older man who had bicycled to his bus stop. The older man commented that taking the bus to plant the lawn signs seemed apropos. The younger man replied that he never took a car. "Never?" rejoined the older man; "That's stupid!"
I see connections to testing in each of these overheard conversations. I often see testing approached with great ceremony. Teams form traditions around how they test and seem to forget they could work in other ways. The ceremony with which they test becomes all-important, performing each of the steps in their testing ceremony becomes paramount, and no one dares to (or even thinks of doing) their work any other way. They appear to have forgotten that testing is about providing information to their stakeholders, not about following a process or performing a ceremony.
The woman I overheard was dispensing with ceremony and tradition insofar as they did not fit her idea of an ideal wedding - insofar as they got in the way of her celebrating her marriage. Similarly, the best testers I know dispense with the ceremony and traditions they and their teams have accreted around testing and get on with the business of providing information to their stakeholders. The soon-to-be-bride wanted her wedding to be a party; great testers love testing so much that they cannot help but party every moment they are testing!
The Mass Transit Now guy takes bus riding to a point his seatmate evidently considers extreme. The best testers I know continually do the same and take their testing to a point their developers, program managers, and even fellow testers consider extreme. This might mean writing test automation rather than testing manually, testing manually rather than writing test automation, or deciding that a particular piece of functionality does or does not need any (more) testing when everyone else believes it does not or does. Regardless of what they are doing that seems extreme to the rest of their team, they are confident of their decisions and the reasons behind them, even if their colleagues think these reasons and decisions are stupid.
What kind of tester are you? Do you follow traditions and partake in ceremony and go with the crowd? Or do you evaluate each situation as it arrives and decide what is your Best Option in that particular case? Whichever you do, how is that working for you? Let me know!
*** Want a fun job on a great team? I need a tester! Interested? Let's talk: Michael dot J dot Hunter at microsoft dot com. Great testing and coding skills required.


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I'm going to start with my HG eye primer. I have drier eyelids and find some primers can dry them out more, but I've found one I love...Too Faced Shadow Insurance!
This primer locks my shadows in place and prevents creasing all day. It helps to decrease fall out with shimmery shades or more crumbly shadows. My dry lids don't get irritated by this product and the tube lasts forever.


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This was a pretty cool demo of the upcoming Windows Phone 7. I like some of the new Outlook Mobile combo calendar and email filter strip features and the overall UI look and feel.
Visit the new phone UI video demo here.
Here is the official Windows Phone 7 Series site here. What do you guys think?


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— NFL playoffs: Wild-card and divisional schedules, matchups
An analytical first look at Saturday's NFL wild-card playoff matchup (8 p.m. ET, NBC) between the Minnesota Vikings (10-6) and Green Bay Packers (11-5):
Story lines
Adrian Peterson rushed for 409 yards in two regular-season meetings against the Packers, including a 199-yard effort Sunday that helped the Vikings earn a playoff berth. He can expect to stay busy at Lambeau Field as the Vikings battle the elements and try to keep working over the Green Bay defense. While Peterson is deservedly dominating headlines for his remarkable stretch of stellar play, the Packers' unquestioned offensive superstar—Aaron Rodgers—looks like a quarterback possessed. After putting up four TD passes against the Vikings in the Metrodome, he has 10 in his past three games. His receiving corps should be at full strength Saturday, so look for him to attack the Vikings' secondary early and often.
— Week 17 Checkdown: AP's superhuman feat sweeter with playoff berth
Vikings player to watch
Christian Ponder. Peterson's hard running facilitated the passing game for Ponder in his duel with Rodgers, and the second-year quarterback (16-for-28, 234 yards, 3 TDs) responded very well. He struggled, however, in Week 13 at Lambeau, throwing two costly interceptions. No matter how productive Peterson is, Ponder must protect the ball and make a few more big plays if the Vikings are to pull the road upset.
Packers players to watch
Greg Jennings and Jordy Nelson. Jennings and Nelson were healthy together Sunday as Rodgers' top two wideouts, and it seemed like old times. Jennings (two TDs) hurt the Vikings with his exceptional route-running and run-after-catch skills while Nelson stretched the field with a critical 73-yard catch. There's good chance they'll be rejoined by second-year speedster Randall Cobb, who was inactive in Week 17 with an ankle injury. Throw in James Jones, who led the NFL with 14 receiving touchdowns this season, and the Packers can create matchup problems in single coverage across the board.
— Linemakers: Early point spreads and line moves
Matchup to watch
Vikings' pass rush vs. Packers' offensive line. As good as Rodgers and his receivers were in picking apart the Vikings' secondary, the Packers' pass-protection issues continued, highlighted by a critical strip sack that changed the course of Sunday's game. The Packers' tackles in particular struggled, as defensive ends Everson Griffen (three), Jared Allen (one) and Brian Robison (one) combined for five sacks. Rodgers' mobility can bail him out of much trouble, but he needs to be kept cleaner for Green Bay to fully execute its explosive offense.


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Cary man arrested in brother's shooting death
Posted February 2, 2014
Cary, N.C. — A Cary man was arrested Sunday afternoon for allegedly killing his brother, police said, marking the town's first homicide of the year.
Kevin Leroy Bodden, 54, shot and killed his brother, Mark Gregory Bodden, 44, Sunday morning inside the apartment they shared with their mother at 2101 Talking Rock Drive, at the Bexley at Triangle Park Apartments, police said.
The siblings' mother called 911 at 8:47 a.m. to report the shooting.
"He went out this morning, and he said he was going to the store to buy some things, but he didn't have enough money, so he come back wanting money from my son," said the mother, who detailed the incident in a calm tone to emergency dispatchers.
The Mark Bodden then asked his brother about rent, the mother said. Kevin Bodden then shot Mark Bodden three times in the chest and twice in the back, the mother said.
Mark Bodden was breathing when his mother called 911. He died after being shot with a .9 mm handgun, police said.
Police found Kevin Bodden in Durham. He has been charged with first-degree murder.
"This is an awful tragedy for the Bodden family, and we hope everyone will keep them in their thoughts as they work through this terrible ordeal," Cary police Capt. Don Hamilton said.
Kevin Bodden had been staying with his mother and brother, who leased the apartment, police said. The mother said in the 911 call that he moved to Cary from Columbia five months ago.