text:
Hey! This thing is still a Work in Progress. Files, instructions, and other stuff might change!
Old School Lincoln Logs
by mhohensee, published
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Old-fashioned Lincoln Logs, for when you just need one more piece, or when your dog ate part of that old set. Dimensions match those of a set dating back to the eighties, at least.
The newer generation of Lincoln Log-cabin builders have it soft. In my day, the cabins were made of round logs, and were drafty, and we liked it! We didn't have these new-fangled, flat-bottomed logs that are all-together too easy to stack. We only had a few of the specialized, flat-bottomed foundation logs, and did we complain? (much?)
Kids today, I tell ya.
Now with roof support!
I printed mine in PLA with a 0.5mm nozzle, a 0.2mm layer height, and 30% hexagonal infill. They're hella-tough.
You can use the included openscad file to make logs with an arbitrary number of notches. Just type lincolnlog(n), where n is the desired number of notches. While the bottoms of these logs are round, the sides are flat, to make it easier to print them. You can make the top side of the printed logs round by setting the 'flatTop' variable in the openscad file to anything but 1. I like the symmetry, myself.
Since the bottoms of these logs are round, us kids used to have only a few 'base' logs, which were essentially just half of a full log, with which to lay our foundations. We never had enough of them, so print some more! Use baselincolnlog(n), where n is the desired number of notches, to get those.
Roof pieces: You need two kinds of pieces to hold up the roof. Triangular frames for the shingles to sit on, and extended rafter pieces to keep them from slipping off (no nails in Lincoln Log town).
The rafters are fully parametric: rafterlincolnlog(n) will generate an n-notch rafter-log.
The triangular pieces aren't so much. They're two-notch only: rooftrianglelincolnlog()
The trick to making the roof triangles fully parametric will be to ensure that the length of the sloping portion is an integer number of shingle-widths, less the overhang between the triangle and the rafter.
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text:
3 April 2012
Aliens, but definitely not as we know them
Are everyday objects, such as apple pies or microchips, aliens? It depends how you think about what it's like to be a thing
IF WE really want to understand the nature of the universe, then we must accept two principles. First, everything is an alien to everything else. And second, the experience of "being" something else can never be verified or validated, but only speculated about, even if rational deduction drives that speculation. In the 21st century, then, to fully understand the world in which we live, we are going to need poetry as well as science and philosophy.
We usually understand "alien" either in a political or a cosmological sense: a terrestrial alien is a foreigner from another country, and an extraterrestrial alien is a foreigner from another planet. Even when we use the term philosophically to refer to "otherness" more generally, regardless of whether they come from another nation or another galaxy, the other is someone we can recognise as being enough like us to warrant identification.
But why should we be so self-centred as to think that aliens are beings whose intelligence we might recognise as intelligence? As Nicholas Rescher, a philosopher at the University of Pittsburgh in Pennsylvania, has observed, a true alien might well have an intelligence that is, well, alien to ours.
Rather than wondering if aliens exist in the cosmos, let's assume they are all around us, and at all scales – everything from dogs, penguins and trees to cornbread, polyester and neutrons. If we do this, we can ask a different question: what do objects experience? What is it like to be a thing?
I came to this question by accident. Several years ago, I learned how to program the 1977 Atari Video Computer System, the

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Alison and Aaron are in the honeymoon suite of the Lakeview when Morty, the dog Alison and Chris cared for, runs into the room while Aaron is in the shower. Chris follows the dog in as Aaron emerges and he explodes at finding Chris there. Chris takes the dog and goes and Aaron wants to report him to the hotel but Alison won't let him. To deflect Aaron, Alison makes love to him. Aaron is happy and says he wants to have a baby. Alison is thrown and says it's too soon. Aaron surprises her by telling her he got her off from work so they can have a honeymoon. Alison is a little taken aback at not being consulted but she goes along with it. Meanwhile, Dani brings chicken soup to Chris because she heard he called in sick. Chris comes on to her and Dani is surprised but doesn't exactly reject him. But, Chris pulls back saying he doesn't want to use her. Dani suggests they become friends and maybe the rest will follow later. Dani kisses Chris goodbye as Alison is walking down the corridor and sees.
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text:
The NBA is about to act in hopes of stopping the floppers.
Spokesman Tim Frank said Thursday the league is finalizing procedures to deal with flopping, the art of falling down when little or no contact was made in an effort to trick referees into calling a foul.
Frank said the competition committee met two weeks ago and discussed plans that would go in place this season. Commissioner David Stern believes too many players are deceiving referees by flopping and has been seeking a way to properly penalize them.


text: Sago victim leaves family sweet memories By Tara Tuckwiller January 8, 2006 Story Share One of the Sago miners that you haven't heard much about, said his cousin Jan Harris, is Jack Weaver."The thing I thought was so beautiful about him," Harris said in a telephone interview from her home in Ohio, "was when his dad, Duke, died, his mom, Evelyn, came to stay with him. He built a house and made a special room for her. Last time we were there, he showed us that house."His mother died shortly thereafter. But Harris still has her favorite photograph of Evelyn and Jack together.Harris brings her family back as often as she can to Junior, the community outside Philippi where Harris' parents lived before her father took a job in Ohio, and which Weaver, 51, still called home."Jack just welcomed us," Harris said. "He said, 'You're all family.'"Families stay close in the Barbour County community, Harris said. Her uncle remembers teaching Jack in school. When Harris' mother died in 1993, Jack Weaver's father was her pallbearer. Weaver's mother took her to "show me the farmhouse my mother was born in," she said. "There were people living there, but they didn't mind."It's the kind of community where you can stop and ask anyone, 'Where is Evelyn and Duke Weaver's house?' and they know. We live in a city, so my kids think that is so cool."Harris' daughter, a first-grader, made a card for the miners' families. "She made a picture of a coal car going in a mine with a cross on it — so it could take them out and take them to heaven," Harris said. "When I saw that, I cried."The other children in the class made cards too, and Harris plans to bring them to her cousin's funeral."I went to Ohio State, and all through college I was kind of embarrassed when people would say bad things about West Virginia," she said. "I'm embarrassed about that now. Now that I've gotten older and had kids, I'm proud of West Virginia. They're the hardest-working people, people who have faith in God and care about their family."Harris and Weaver were related through Harris' grandfather, Carl Sinsel. "My grandfather was a coal miner," Harris said. "He died of black lung."He was born in 1910, so he would have been mining in the '30s and '40s." She recalled the stories of her grandfather mining day after day in waist-high water. Besides black lung, "he had terrible problems with his feet, and arthritis."Knowing the hardships that mining families go through, Harris said she was interested to see the amount of money that New York billionaire Wilbur Ross, head of the company that owns the Sago mine, put into a fund for the miners who died."Two million dollars," to be shared among all of the families, Harris said. "I thought that seemed really ... odd." To contact staff writer Tara Tuckwiller, use e-mail or call 348-5189. Story Share Story Share Trending Now 1 Deer in 8 WV counties found dead from EHD 2 Plans for all-ages venue rise in old bakery building 3 City of Milton tries to revive Morris Memorial property 4 Body found in Kanawha River, near South Charleston 5 Protester: 'Thanks for the danishes but we'd rather have health care' Calls intensify for congressional hearings on Sago Mine Previous Story Manchin forming mine plans Next Story


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County Durham boy 'exceptional' football talent
A young footballer from County Durham who dreams of becoming a professional footballer is described by his coach as an "exceptional talent".
Dylan Robson from Middleton-in-Teesdale has been playing football at the Martin Gray Football Academy for 18 months.
The five-year-old, who supports Newcastle United, joked: "They're not doing very well... they need me."
BBC Look North is focusing on sports stars of the future for its latest series of Sportskids.
13 Dec 2012
- From the section Tees


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I Wish, I Dream, I Promise
Friday, July 1, 2011, 3:24 p.m.Cleveland Park Library
I Wish, I Dream, I Promise
Join us on Thursday, July 7, at 1 p.m. to listen to Sushmita Mazumdar's story about how she got her Buddhist Prayer Wheel in the mountains of India.
Hear how it inspired her to create a book of wishes, and learn to make your own.
For children ages 7-12.


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I had a full tummy tuck a few weeks ago to remove loose skin after 2 pregnancys. I noticed the bruising was severe under the belly button on the first dressing change, I have since been told that the skin is necrotic. What can I expect with regards to healing and is this someones fault or just bad luck. I am a 26 year old non smoker and I am not overweight, also my scar is high as I didnt have enough skin above the belly button to have a bikini line scar.
What Can I Expect from Healing? (photo)
Doctor Answers 4
necrosis can occur unfortunately. You need close followup and good wound care. It will heal but takes time. As far as your tummy tuck scar placement it's really high. Did you have a scar there before that made sense to use or was it a surgeon choice. Long term that scar will be visible.
What can I expect from healing
Sorry to hear about your healing issues. You appear to have some necrosis or non viable tissue about your incision. It is difficult to tell from a photo as to the depth of the injury. I would recommend conservative approach to allow the skin to contract and heal. Eventually you will need some debridement or cleaning up of the tissues. Scar revision in the future may also be necessary, but only time will tell. Preventing an infection is key now, as non viable tissues increase the possibility of infections. Close follow-up with your surgeon or second opinion surgeon as another reviewer suggested.
also I agree your scar is high, but doubt that much can be done at this time to lower it.
Learn more: http://www.drrickrosen.com/tummy-tuck-connecticut/
Big problems with tummy tuck
If you are as you say a non-smoker and are otherwise in good health, the necrosis you have is very surprising and your scar is awfully high. If there are other plastic surgeons in your area, I'd suggest you see them for a second opinion. The abdomen will eventually heal after debridement and prolonged wound care, but the scar will be poor and will remain high.
You might also like...
What Can I Expect from Healing?
Sorry for your complication. With excellent wound care and debridement the healing phase could be as short as 2 to 3 months. Follow up photos of your process would be helpful to us all.
These answers are for educational purposes and should not be relied upon as a substitute for medical advice you may receive from your physician. If you have a medical emergency, please call 911. These answers do not constitute or initiate a patient/doctor relationship.


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NEW YORK—His minor league season complete, catcher Austin Romine retreated to Kentucky when on Sept. 10 his girlfriend told him Yankees manager Joe Girardi was looking for him.
Big league backup Francisco Cervelli was on his way from Anaheim to New York to have concussion testing, and Romine was needed in California.
In an instant, Romine shifted gears and jumped a plane to join the American League East pennant race. He landed in California at 11:30 a.m. on Sept. 11 and entered that night's game as Jesus Montero's defensive replacement in the seventh inning of what became a 6-5 Yankees victory.
Romine handled Mariano Rivera in the ninth inning with his brother Andrew watching from the Angels dugout and father Kevin, a former big leaguer, in the stands at Angel Stadium
"I was happy my family could be here," Romine said. "I grew up 10 minutes from here (in Lake Forest, Calif.)."
The 22-year-old made his first major league start in Seattle the following evening, subbing for Russell Martin and his bruised right thumb.
As it turned out, Romine was not merely an injury fill-in. Cervelli missed the season's final week, and his status for October was unclear.
Romine, the 2007 second-round pick, seemed anything but overwhelmed. Even a seasoned evaluator would have been hard-pressed to identify Romine as a big league neophyte behind the plate.
"That's big praise for a catcher, that you don't know he is there," farm director Mark Newman said. "He reacts quickly, blocks balls well, doesn't struggle to catch balls, has good hands and throws well.
"He has been around (the big leagues) his whole life. That's a big advantage."
Romine batted .279/.343/.368 with six homers in 351 at-bats in a season spent predominately with Double-A Trenton. He appeared in four games for Triple-A Scranton/Wilkes-Barre, going 2-for-15 (.133).
• With Montero and Romine in the big leagues, the Yankees brought minor league catching coordinator Julio Mosquera to the big leagues. Clubs typically promote a minor league coach for the final month.
• Pitching prospects Andrew Brackman (11⁄3 innings, one hit, one walk) and Dellin Betances (seven batters faced, four walks, one hit batsman) each made their big league debut in a 15-8 loss to the Rays on Sept. 22.


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text: Today my combustion motor started making some unwelcome noises. Not too loud...yet I'm betting its heading that way. The paddle pole motor they are using frankly I think is a joke. This would be the second one I have put on in 3 years. Have you guys found anything better you could suggest?


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What is the best way to install a one piece shower into an older house when nothing is square?
My parents recently moved an older house and built it on to their existing dwelling. In doing so they are converting the kitchen into an on-suite bathroom. They have purchased a one piece corner shower unit to add but as you can imagine the walls are not square. We are trying to determine the best approach. The floor is quite level but the shower will not sit against both walls from the floor to the top of the shower.
Any advice you can provide would be great.
Have a custom shower built.
Seeing how you have already purchased the shower. You must now install strapping on the walls around the shower cavity. this strapping could be 1 x 3 or 2 x 2. Place it from your base horizontal all around at 16" intervals. each row will be a different thickness. You must get a 6' level and put it against the wall and this will show you how mush the walls are out and how thick you must make each row of strapping.
I think the right answer for this project would be to remove the out of square walls and reframe them. In the time you would spend shimming and strapping I believe you would spend the same time just redoing it and doing it right. Thus, in the future if you inherit or for the next person who owns the house and does the same bathroom renovation in the future it's done right.
Remove the existing walls, re-frame it and drywall it the way that fit the new shower.
Either frame the opening square or build a custom shower.
Framing would be cheaper for sure.
Good Luck
When I had to install a shower into my house (my house is also old) I hired a contractor. I found a contractor that would come visit my house for a free consultation so I could be clear about the cost of it before anything was done!
Search the TrustedPros directory and discover the best contractors in your area.Find your home service pro


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This comes on the heels of the news that Percy Harvin was traded to the Seahawks. Boy this 49er-Seahawk rivalry is going to be super intense in the coming years. Two loaded teams, two young stud quarterbacks, and two hothead coaches who can't stand each other. This will be great entertainment. I'm certainly rooting for Arians to succeed in Arizona, but he is going to have his work cut out for him with facing those two teams a combined four times a year. Also, St. Louis went 7-8-1 last year and wasn't exactly chopped liver.
Baltimore sure was fortunate to get that Super Bowl this season because they are going to be without some key players next year. Lewis has retired, Boldin is gone, and Kruger & Reed might be out the door soon. They better hope that Flacco is worth all of that money because they aren't going to have the talent that they've had in previous seasons.


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Student Achievement 1
Dr. Susan Brookhart: What Performance Assessment Is… and What It Isn't
We are thrilled to release Dr. Susan Brookhart's new book, Performance Assessment: Showing What Students Know and Can Do, now available at the Learning Sciences bookstore. Dr. Brookhart, a former elementary school teacher, also taught at Duquesne University from 1989 to 2003. She was a keynote speaker at the 2015 Building Expertise Conference, discussing the characteristics […]
20 Strategies for Increasing Student Engagement
By William N. Bender
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Make this the most engaging school year ever.
Boost morale and encourage teamwork
with the SOAR School-Year Theme Kit.
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21st century skills assessment Building Expertise classroom management classroom strategies collaboration college and career readiness conative skills contextualization deliberate practice education technology ELL education engagement English-language learners Essentials for Achieving Rigor formative assessment goals and scales hypotheses instructional design intentional practice learning strategies lesson planning literacy Marzano Marzano Framework neuroscience pedagogy professional development reading reflection rigor social media standards STEM student engagement teacher growth teachers tech tools technology varying exceptionalities


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Orville Redenbacher's popcorn owner Conagra is nearing a deal to buy Angie's Boomchickapop popcorn. » Read More
One of several units spun out of HP, Hewlett Packard Enterprise offers cybersecurity, enterprise Wi-Fi, servers and other corporate tech. » Read More
By: Michelle Fox
The Republican health-care bill will result in less funding for cash-strapped hospitals, Cleveland Clinic CEO Dr. Toby Cosgrove said. » Read More
By: Christine Wang
North Korean dictator Kim Jong Un chastised Donald Trump, calling the president's United Nations address "unprecedented rude nonsense." » Read More
"We're told it was the most severe case they had ever seen for someone of Aaron's age," Hernandez's attorney Jose Baez said.
New York-based NoSQL database company MongoDB is going public.
The trade dispute between Boeing and Canadian rival Bombardier is heating up — and Boeing will not back down.
Nikki Haley spoke to reporters following the announcement of tough new sanctions against North Korea.
Facebook's CEO said Thursday his company has turned over to Congress ads by Russian operatives bought to influence the 2016 US election.
Politics and stock valuations could pose risks to markets, RiverFront Investment Group's Doug Sandler says.
Certainly a sophisticated threat actor could very easily find ways into the SEC system, a former attorney for the agency told CNBC.
The Facebook CEO hosted a live feed amid swirling criticism over the site's advertising practices.
Former financial regulator Bart Chilton says if bitcoin's wild swings happened on his watch, he would've launched an investigation.
Shares of Calgon Carbon shot up by more than 61 percent in midday trading Thursday.
Net household wealth climbed to a record $96.2 trillion in the second quarter of 2017, the Federal Reserve said Thursday.
Amazon already has a variety of "how-to" videos on its platform, but most are not "live" or "interactive" as a job posting suggests.
Former Fed Gov. Kevin Warsh is seen as a possible replacement for Janet Yellen, who has been at odds with the president's views on bank deregulation.
Despite filing for Chapter 11 bankruptcy, Toys R Us plans to hire more than 12,500 for the top six markets during the holiday season.
French businesswoman and heiress of cosmetics giant L'Oreal Liliane Bettencourt, 94, has died, her daughter said on Thursday.
Albertsons said it would acquire meal-kit company Plated and offer Plated meal kits at its store locations.
Get the best of CNBC in your inbox
Wine is now the best-performing collectible of the world's wealthy collectors, according to a new report.
For older Americans weighing a major move, here's how to pick the perfect place to live out your golden years.
TGI Fridays is testing alcohol delivery alongside its food delivery in Texas this holiday season.
Kim Jong Un chastised Donald Trump, calling the president's United Nations address "unprecedented rude nonsense."
Jim Cramer shares why investors shouldn't always trust stock buybacks during market-wide pullbacks.
Jim Cramer shares his tips about the best stocks to buy during a market-wide sell-off for a bargain.


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The following are selected passages from Missouri appellate court decisions on various issues that arise under the Missouri Employment Security Law:
Voluntary Leaving Cases
- Burden of Proof
- "The burden to prove good cause rests on the claimant ...." Contractors Supply Company v. Labor and Industrial Relations Commission, 614 S.W.2d 563, 564 (Mo. App. W.D. 1981).
- Definition of Good Cause
- "Good cause", for the purposes of this subdivision, shall include only that cause which would compel a reasonable employee to cease working or which would require separation from work due to illness or disability (§288.050.1(1), RSMo).
- Voluntary Separation Package
- Shields v. Proctor & Gamble Product Company, 164 S.W.3d 540 (Mo.App. E.D. 2005)
Employer offered a voluntary separation package, which the claimant accepted. His actions in accepting the package were voluntary on his part and he is disqualified from benefits for quitting his job without good cause attributable to the work or employer.
- View Complete Decision
- Resignation
- Miller v. Help at Home, Inc. No, 186 S.W.3d 801 (Mo.App. W.D. 2006)
Claimant attempted to rescind a resignation which the employer did not allow and in fact accelerated on the last day. The Court held that this is a voluntary leaving. In addition, the Court held that a temporary reduction in hours did not give the claimant a good cause to quit.
- View Complete Decision
- Willcut v. Division of Employment Security, 193 S.W.3d 410 (Mo.App. E.D. 2006)
Claimant submitted a resignation in July that was effective August 31. The employer accepted the resignation, and then dismissed the claimant on July 29. The Court held that the claimant's separation on July 29 was a discharge and was entitled to UI up to August 31, the date she was going to quit.
- View Complete Decision
- Involuntary Separation
- Difatta-Wheaton v. Dolphin Capital Corporation, 271 S.W.3d 594 (Mo. 2008)
When claimant was not able to return to work after approved leave, due to serious health issues, she was not disqualified from receiving benefits because she did not quit her employment "voluntarily". The claimant did everything possible to retain her job.
- View Complete Decision
Misconduct Cases
- Definition of Misconduct
- "Misconduct", only as the term is used in this chapter, conduct or failure to act in a manner that is connected with work, regardless of whether such conduct or failure to act occurs at the workplace or during work hours, which shall include:
- Conduct or a failure to act demonstrating knowing disregard of the employer's interest or a knowing violation of the standards which the employer expects of his or her employee;
- Conduct or a failure to act demonstrating carelessness or negligence in such degree or recurrence as to manifest culpability, wrongful intent, or a knowing disregard of the employer's interest or of the employee's duties and obligations to the employer;
- A violation of an employer's no-call, no-show policy; chronic absenteeism or tardiness in violation of a known policy of the employer; or two or more unapproved absences following a written reprimand or warning relating to an unapproved absence unless such absences are protected by law;
- A knowing violation of a state standard or regulation by an employee of an employer licensed or certified by the state, which would cause the employer to be sanctioned or have its license or certification suspended or revoked; or
- A violation of an employer's rule, unless the employee can demonstrate that:
- He or she did not know, and could not reasonably know, of the rule's requirements;
- The rule is not lawful; or
- The rule is not fairly or consistently enforced (§288.030.1(23), RSMo).
- Burden of Proof
- "Where an employer claims that an employee was discharged for misconduct, the employer has the burden of proving misconduct by competent and substantial evidence." Business Centers of Missouri, Inc. v. Labor and Industrial Relations Commission, 743 S.W.2d 588, 589 (Mo. App. E.D. 1988).
Available for Work Cases
- General Provisions
- "[T]o be eligible a claimant must clearly possess a genuine attachment to the labor market and be able, willing and ready to accept suitable work." Golden v. Industrial Commission, 524 S.W.2d 34, 36 (Mo. App. 1975).
- "[A] claimant cannot unduly restrict . . . availability for employment by arbitrarily limiting the character of work, the area within which employment is sought or would be taken, or the wage which would be acceptable." Blackman v. Industrial Commission, 491 S.W.2d 18, 24 (Mo. App. 1973).
- Students
- "Ineligible student-claimants are those who limit their availability for work to particular times, days or periods that do not interfere with their primary and principal objective of obtaining a formal education. The reason such students are considered ineligible is that by making themselves available for work only conditionally and on a limited basis at times that do not conflict with their classes and learning purposes, they have divorced themselves actually and currently from the general labor market." Golden v. Industrial Commission, 524 S.W.2d 34, 37 (Mo. App. 1975).
Suitable Work Cases
- Refusal of Suitable Work
- Ross v. Whelan Security Co., 195 S.W.3d 559 (Mo.App. S.D. 2006)
Court addressed the issue of whether Section 288.050.1(3), "suitable work", applies when an offer of work is made prior to the filing of a claim by the individual. The court held in part, "An offer of work made to an individual before that individual becomes a 'claimant' cannot, by definition, be an offer of work to the 'claimant,' and the 'claimant' cannot fail to accept such offer at a time when the 'claimant' was not in existence."
- View Complete Decision
- Bona Fide Offer
- Garas v. Kelley Services, Inc., 211 S.W.3d 149 (Mo.App. E.D. 2007)
A former employer's request for a request for a résumé to see if the claimant was qualified for a temporary job was not an offer of work.
- View Complete Decision
The cases quoted above do not represent an exhaustive compilation of employment security decisions in this state. The quotes are meant only to set out the appellate interpretations on some of the more common issues that come before the Appeals Tribunal.


text:
s the face-off between The Rock and China draws closer, pressure starts to build. Payson tries to help Emily overcome her fear of the Vault while Lauren and Kaylie are still having trust issues with each other.
Neil Jackson Sasha Beloff
Candace Cameron Bure Summer Van Horne
Cassie Scerbo Lauren Tanner
Norman Buckley Director
Make It or Break It - 1x19 - Season 1 Episode 19.HDTV.SYS.fr


text:
THE REHABILITATION SPECIALIST'S HANDBOOK This title has been archived.
Author: Jules Rothstein, PhD, PT, FAPTA, Serge Roy, ScD, PT, Steven Wolf, PhD, PT, FAPTA, David Scalzitti, PT, MS, OCS
Affiliation: University of Illinois, Chicago
Publisher: F.A. Davis Company
Publication Date: 2005
Affiliation: University of Illinois, Chicago
Publisher: F.A. Davis Company
Publication Date: 2005
Edition: 3rd
Edition: 3rd
Readers will find this pocket handbook a quick and easy reference to the entire field of rehabilitation and related disciplines. Covers an extraordinary number of topics--from the full range of basic scientific information (neuroanatomy and clinical neurology, osteology and clinical orthopedics, general anatomy, and more) to the treatments and methods used in modern rehabilitation practice.
Table of Contents
Front Matter
- Contributing Authors
- Preface to the Third Edition
- Preface to the Second Edition
- Preface to the First Edition
- Contributors to the Third Edition
- Contributors to the Second Edition
- Contributors to the First Edition
- Illustration Credits
SECTION 1: Americans with Disabilities Act and Accessibility Issues (Including Wheelchair Information)
- Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)
- Terms Used to Describe Americans with Disabilities Act Accessibility Requirements
- Americans with Disabilities Act Accessibility Guidelines: Places of Public Accommodation and Commercial Facilities
- Information Services
- Wheelchair Dimensions and Wheelchair Prescriptions
- Assistive Technology
SECTION 2: Musculoskeletal Anatomy, Orthopedics, and Orthopedic Therapy
- The Skull
- The Vertebral Column
- Cervical Vertebrae
- Vertebrae
- The Sacrum and Coccyx
- The Thoracic Cage
- Costovertebral and Costosternal Articulations
- The Clavicle
- The Scapula
- The Humerus
- The Radius and Ulna
- The Hand
- The Pelvic Girdle
- Comparisons of the Male and Female Pelves
- The Pelvis
- The Femur
- The Leg and Patella
- The Foot
- Fracture Classifications
- Types Of Fractures
- ABCs of Radiographic Analysis
- Metabolic Bone Diseases
- Musculoskeletal Anatomy
- Classification System Used for Joints
- Osteology and Arthrology: Joints and Their Classification
- Close-Packed and Loose-Packed Positions for the Joints
- Grading of Ligamentous Sprains
- Hughston Classification System for Quantifying Knee Joint Laxity
- Classification Of Knee Ligament Injuries According To O'Donoghue
- Terms Used to Describe Positional Deformities
- Ideal Plumb Line Alignment According to Kendall
- Systems for Notating and Recording ROM Measurements
- Summary of the Reliability of Goniometric Measurements as Obtained in a Clinical Setting
- Muscles Listed Alphabetically
- Muscles Listed by Function
- Muscles Listed by Region
- Manual Muscle Testing Positions
- Orthopedic Tests
- McConnell's Classification of Patellar Alignment
- Cyriax Terms
- Kaltenborn Terms
- MACConnaill Terms
- Maitland Terms
- Criteria for Classification into the Lumbar Syndromes According to MCKenzie
- Criteria for Classification into the Cervical Syndromes According To MCKenzie
- Waddell's Nonorganic Physical Signs in Low Back Pain
- Warning Signs ("Red Flags") to Guide in Assessment of Acute Low Back Problems in Adults
- Low Back Disability Questionnaires
- Orthopedic Conditions
- Salter-Harris Classification Of Epiphyseal Plate Injuries
- Classification of Epiphyseal Plate Injuries
- The 1958 Diagnostic Criteria for Rheumatoid Arthritis
- Criteria for the Diagnosis of Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis
- Drugs Commonly Used in Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis
SECTION 3: Neuroanatomy, Neurology, and Neurologic Therapy
- The Brain
- Blood Supply to the Brain
- The Brain Stem and Diencephalon
- Brain Stem: Cross-sectional Views
- Spinal Cord: Cross-sectional Views
- Spinal Cord: Tracts and Lamina of Rexed
- Cutaneous Innervation: Dermatomes and Peripheral Nerve Distributions
- Relationship between Spinal and Vertebral Segments
- Autonomic Nervous System
- Circulation of the Cerebrospinal Fluid
- Classification of the Cranial Nerves
- Overview of Cranial Nerve Innervations
- Sympathetic and Parasympathetic Components of the Cranial Nerves
- Cranial Nerve Testing
- The Eye and the Orbit
- Structures of the Eye
- Anatomy of the Ear
- Inner Ear
- Analgesia
- Anatomical Classification of Peripheral Neuropathies
- Anatomical Classifications of Acute Nerve Injuries
- Peripheral Nerve Entrapment Syndromes
- Cervical Plexus
- Brachial Plexus
- Long Thoracic Nerve, Anterior Thoracic Nerve, Lateral Pectoral Nerve, and Medial Pectoral Nerve
- Long Thoracic Nerve and Anterior Thoracic Nerve
- Dorsal Scapular Nerve, Nerve to Subclavius, and Suprascapular Nerve
- Thoracodorsal Nerve and Subscapular Nerves
- Axillary Nerve
- Musculocutaneous Nerve
- Median Nerve
- Ulnar Nerve
- Radial Nerve
- Lumbar Plexus
- Ilio-Inguinal Nerve and Genitofemoral Nerve
- Lateral Cutaneous Nerve of the Thigh and Obturator Nerve
- Femoral Nerve
- Saphenous Nerve
- Sacral Plexus
- Sciatic Nerve, Tibial Nerve, Sural Nerve, and Common Peroneal Nerve
- Classification of Brain Tumors
- Facts About Tumors of the Central Nervous System
- Reflex Testing
- Major Pathologic Reflexes
- Electrodiagnosis
- Clinical Electical Evaluation Tests
- AAEE Glossary of Terms in Clinical Electromyography
- Electroencephalographs
- Glossary of Terms Associated with Epilepsy and Seizure Disorders
- Epileptic Seizure Types and Precipitating Stimuli for Reflex Seizures
- International Classification of Epileptic Seizures
- Epilepsy Syndromes and Related Conditions
- Conditions with Epileptic Seizures That Do Not Require a Diagnosis of Epilepsy
- Impaired Consciousness
- Hydrocephalus
- Shunting Procedures for Hydrocephalus
- Innervation of the Urinary Bladder and Rectum
- Innervation of the Bladder
- The Neurogenic Bladder
- Cystometrograms
- Bowel Incontinence
- Muscular Dystrophy
- Communication Disorders
- Tests of Language Performance
- Parkinson's Disease
- Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale
- Cognitive Functioning
- Coordination
- Neurologic Physical Therapy
- Principles in Teaching Motor Skills: a Strategy for Task Analysis
- Principles in Teaching Motor Skills: Substrate Categories for Identification of Prerequisite Skills
- Principles in Teaching Motor Skills: Practitioner's Role in Instruction and Practice
- Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation
- Spinal Cord Injury
- Acupuncture Points
- Ventral View
- Dorsal and Lateral Views
- Pain Referred from Viscera
SECTION 4: Pulmonary Anatomy and Pulmonary Therapy
- Key to Figure of the Bronchopulmonary Tree
- Anatomy of the Bronchopulmonary Tree
- Physical Examination of the Pulmonary System
- Auscultation
- Percussion of the Pulmonary System
- Terms Used in Pulmonary Function Testing
- Common Pulmonary Function Tests
- Lung Volumes and Capacities
- Drugs Used to Treat Pulmonary Disease
- Classification of Pulmonary Impairments
- Exercise Testing the Patient with Pulmonary Disease
- Exercise Termination Criteria for the Patient with Pulmonary Disease
- Arterial Blood Gases and Oxygenation
- Oxygenation
- Noninvasive Oxygen Monitoring
- Oxygen Therapy
- Sputum Analysis
- Bronchial Drainage
SECTION 5: Vascular Anatomy, Cardiology, and Cardiac Rehabilitation
- Branches of the Aorta
- Arteries of the Body
- Veins of the Body
- Venous System
- Blood Pressure
- Lymphatic System
- The Heart—External Anatomy
- Blood Supply to the Heart
- Blood Supply to the Conduction System
- Conduction System of the Heart
- Electrocardiographic Waves, Segments, and Intervals
- Electrocardiographic Recording of Myocardial Activity
- Interpreting the Electrocardiogram
- Methods Used to Calculate Heart Rates
- Assessing the Regularity of an Electrocardiogram Rhythm Strip
- Identifying P Waves
- Types of Atrioventricular Heart Blocks
- Evaluation of QRS Complex for Shape and Duration
- Identifying Extra Waves or Complexes
- Determining the Clinical Significance of a Dysrhythmia
- Cardiac Examination
- Cardiac Auscultation
- Basic Heart Sounds
- Extra Heart Sounds (Murmurs)
- The Cardiac Cycle
- Cardiac Dysfunction
- Interpreting Hemodynamic Waveforms
- Diagnosis of Acute Myocardial Infarction
- Treatment of Coronary Artery Disease
- Congenital Cardiac Lesions
- Heart Failure
- Sample Phase I Cardiac Rehabilitation Program
- Energy Consumption
- Approximate Metabolic Equivalent Values for Various Activities
- Exercise Prescription
- Guidelines for Exercise Training Used in Cardiac Rehabilitation
- Guidelines for Exercise Testing Used in Cardiac Rehabilitation
- Exercise Protocols: Oxygen and MET Values
SECTION 6: Pediatrics
- Classification of Birth Injuries
- Fontanels
- Variations in Femoral Neck Shaft Angle with Age
- Variations in Femoral Anteversion Angles with Age
- Reflexes and Postural Reactions
- Normal Development
- Public Laws
- Team Models
- Family Centered Services
- Cultural Competence
- Guidelines for Using Interpreters
- Child Abuse and Neglect
- Classification of Cerebral Palsy
- Predicted Gross Motor Development in Children with Cerebral Palsy
- Prediction of Ambulation in Children with Spastic Cerebral Palsy
- Vignos Functional Rating Scale for Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy
- Types of Spina Bifida
- Down Syndrome
- Sports Participation
SECTION 7: Geriatrics
- Demographics
- Falls
- Injury Prevention
- Geriatric Assessment
- Sensory Organization Test for Postural Control
- Assessment of Mental Functions in Older Persons
- Depression Scales Used for Geriatric Patients
- Acute Confusional (Delirium) States in Older Persons
- Measurement of Mental Function for Geriatric Patients
- Mental Status Assessment Instruments Used for Geriatric Patients
- Mini-mental Status Exam
- Sleep Patterns in Older Persons
- Malnutrition (Protein Undernutrition) in Older Persons
- Thermal Regulation in Older Persons
- Measures of Physical Function for Use with Community Dwelling Adults over the Age of 65
SECTION 8: Measurement, Assessment, and Outcomes
- International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF)
- Guide to Physical Therapist Practice
- Terms Used in Measurement
- Terms Used in Measurement from Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) (P.L. 102–119)
- Standards for Tests and Measurements in Physical Therapy Practice
- Hypothesis-oriented Algorithm for Clinicians
SECTION 9: Kinesiology and Gait
- Types of Muscle Contractions
- Biomechanical, Kinesiological, Kinetic, and Kinematic Terms (in alphabetical order)
- Measurement of Body Kinematics
- Measurement of Body Kinetics
- Kinesiological Electromyography
- Gait
- Crutch-walking Gaits
- Techniques Used to Climb Stairs While Using Assistive Devices
- Terms Used to Describe Common Gait Deviations (in alphabetical order)
- Terms and Measurements Used in Kinetic and Kinematic Analysis of Gait
SECTION 10: Prosthetics and Orthotics
- Classification of Longitudinal and Transverse Defects in Limb Bud Development
- Segmental Systolic Pressures
- General Guidelines for Prosthetic Evaluation
- The Lower Extremity
- Lower Limb Prosthetics
- Lower Limb Orthotics
- Functional Foot Orthotics
- Upper Limb Prosthetics
- Spinal Orthotics
Section 11: Psychology and Psychiatry
- Neuropsychological Tests Listed by Function Tested
- Psychotherapeutic Agents
- Kübler-Ross's Stages of Dying
Section 12: Electromagnetic, Thermal Modalities, and Electrotherapy
- Electromagnetic Modalities
- Superficial Heat Modalities
- Infrared Radiation
- Terms Related to the Use of Thermal Agents
- Terms Related to the Use of Diathermy
- Terms Related to the Use of Ultrasound
- Terms Related to the Use of Cryotherapy
- Terms Related to the Use of Hydrotherapy
- Ultraviolet Light
- Lasers
- Terms Related to the Use of Electrical Stimulation
- "Traditional" Designations of Selected Waveforms
- Characteristics of Pulsed or Alternating Current Waveforms
- "Commercial" Designations of Pulses or Alternating Current Waveforms
- Waveforms Used for Electroanalgesia Including TENS
- Waveforms Used for Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation
- Motor Points
- Iontophoresis and Phonophoresis
SECTION 13: Massage and Soft Tissue Techniques
- Massage
- Soft Tissue Mobilization Techniques
- Trigger Points
SECTION 14: General Medicine (Including Oncology and AIDS)
- Common Laboratory Tests
- Bacterial Infections
- Common Antimicrobial Drugs
- Viruses
- Universal Precautions
- Isolation Precautions for Hospitals
- Drug Abuse
- Diabetes
- Oncology
- Cancer Treatment
- Immunosuppressive Drugs
- Organ Transplants
- Process of Organ Transplantation
- Hyperthyroidism and Hypothyroidism
- AIDS and HIV
- Signs and Symptoms of AIDS Dementia Complex
- HIV and AIDS Glossary
- AIDS Resources
SECTION 15: Pharmacology
- Controlled Substances
- Signs and Symptoms of Drug Abuse
- Commonly Prescribed Drugs
SECTION 16: Burns
- Burn Classifications
- Estimating Burn Area
- Medications
- Skin Grafts and Flaps Used in the Treatment of Burns
SECTION 17: Reference Tables and Conversion Charts
- SI Units
- Temperature Conversions
- English-to-metric Conversions
- pH Nomenclature and Values
- Abbreviations Used in Prescription Writing and Notes (in alphabetical order)
- Manual Alphabet
- Braille Alphabet and Numbers
- Desirable Heights and Weights According to Frame Type
- Medical Word Elements: Prefixes, Root Words, and Suffixes
- Glossary of Terms Used to Describe Instruments (in alphabetical order)
SECTION 18: Translations: Useful Expressions
- English
APPENDIX First Aid
Topics within this title:
- AIDS Dementia Complex
- Arrhythmias
- Back Pain
- Birth Injuries
- Blood pressure
- Bone Diseases
- Brain Tumors
- Burns
- Cancer
- Cerebral Palsy
- Chest Pain
- Coma
- Congenital Heart Defects
- Coronary Artery Disease
- Delirium
- Dementia
- Drug Abuse
- duration
- Electromyography
- Epilepsy
- Epileptic Seizures
- Fracture
- Fractures
- Hip Fractures
- Hyperthyroidism
- Hypothyroidism
- Infarction
- Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis
- Low Back Pain
- Metabolic Bone Diseases
- Myocardial Infarction
- Nerve Entrapment
- Pain
- Palsy
- prostheses
- Pulmonary Disease
- Rheumatoid Arthritis
- Sacroiliac
- Seizures
- Signs and Symptoms
- Spastic
- Spastic Cerebral Palsy
- Spina Bifida
- Syndrome
- Syndromes
- Tumors


text:
Showing Suppliers 1 - 6 of 6
Connected Fibers
Address: 1325 Northmeadow Parkway, Suite 130, Roswell, GA
Business Type: Manufacturer
Electro Rent Corporation
Address: 1770 Corporate Drive Suite 550, Norcross, GA
Business Type: Distributor, Service
Description: Choosing the Best Supplier Today, Electro Rent is recognized as one of the industry's largest rent, lease and sales company of new and used electronic test and measurement equipment in the world. With an impressive $400,000,000 inventory which contains thousands of items from hundreds of... (more)
RS Electronics
Address: 3100 Breckinridge Blvd Suite 730, Duluth, GA
Business Type: Distributor
Description: RS Electronics is Now Part of Carlton-Bates Company The new, combined company, known as Carlton-Bates Company, is part of the Wesco Distribution, Inc. family of companies. Learn more about Carlton-Bates Company or get answers to frequently asked questions. Carlton-Bates Company is a trusted... (more)
VeriFiber, LLC
Address: 49 Buford Highway NE, Suwanee, GA
Business Type: Manufacturer
Yokogawa Corporation of America
Business Type: Manufacturer, Service
Description: Since their establishment in the United States in 1957, Yokogawa Corporation of America has become a leading manufacturer and supplier of test, measurement, field instrumentation, process control and information products for North America. Headquartered just south of Atlanta, Georgia,... (more)
Address: 2 Dart Road, Newnan, GA
Address: 2 Dart Road, Newnan, GA


text:
Read All About It: India's Media Wars
The billboards are hard to miss. Bombay has been plastered with nearly 1,300 in-your-face ads featuring all manner of ordinary citizens -- young, old, hip, conservative -- speaking out on everything from global politics to local corruption to sex. "George Bush should go back to school," says one. "There should be an official rate card for bribes," opines another. "Why can't pubs be open all night?" rants a third. They all bear the tag line: "Speak up. It's in your DNA."
No, it's not a new biotech discovery. DNA is Daily News & Analysis, an English-language newspaper to be launched in August by Bombay television station Zee Telefilms Ltd. and the Hindi-language Dainik Bhaskar, the country's largest-circulation daily. DNA's punchy advertising provoked Bombay market leader The Times of India to introduce a similar campaign. DNA's owners sued The Times, which quickly withdrew its ads, but the tussle left both sides still spoiling for a fight. "This will be the mother of all battles," vows Girish Agarwal, marketing director of Dainik Bhaskar. "We are taking on the biggest giant in the country."
India's media scene is becoming a free-for-all. In Bombay alone, three groups are expected to launch new broadsheet papers this year. In addition to DNA, New Delhi's Hindustan Times will appear, as may Calcutta's Telegraph. In response, The Times itself is planning to introduce a tabloid called the Bombay Mirror. "We welcome competition, it's good for the industry," says Bhaskar Das, executive president of Times of India Group.
The newspapers are being joined by four new all-news TV channels, which will add to India's existing 18 news channels -- twice as many as a year ago. "India is going from a developing economy into a developed one, and the media are leading that change," says Sameer Manchanda, joint chief executive for CNBC-TV18, backed by U.S. business news channel CNBC and a Bombay broadcaster.
India's boom has unleashed a wave of new advertisers. Cellular operators, banks, insurers, and makers of cars, scooters, and TVs are all looking to sell to the country's middle class, 100 million strong and growing fast. "India has a vibrant economy and a vibrant media market that's still nascent," says Michelle Guthrie, chief executive of Star Group Ltd. in Hong Kong, which a year ago launched its own Star News channel in India. "New channels will grow the market," she says. Spending on TV spots is expected to increase by nearly 12% this year, almost twice the global average of 6.7%. And ad spending in print is expected to grow as much as 25% this year, to $2.1 billion, compared with 3.8% growth worldwide, according to Bombay investment bank YesBank. Advertisers, meanwhile, are ecstatic about all the new outlets. "We are expecting better rates, about 15% to 20% less," says Hemant Sachdev, director for marketing at Airtel, India's largest mobile-phone operator, which has an annual ad budget of $25 million.
There's also plenty of new investment money sloshing around. Last year, New Delhi changed rules barring foreigners from the sector, allowing them for the first time to hold up to 26% of Indian news media companies. That has led to a wave of investment. In the past 18 months, Indian media ventures have raised about $300 million in foreign funds, and an additional $250 million is expected soon, says YesBank. Local investors are jumping in, too. The past year has seen four initial public offerings of media stocks, and three more are expected by yearend. The Hindustan Times is planning a $50 million IPO to fund its Bombay foray, and the Indian Express hopes to raise $40 million. One reason for the interest is that the return on equity for India media investments is 25% or more, twice the global average, says Vishal Marwaha, a partner at private equity outfit Henderson's Asia Pacific Fund, which spent $26 million for a 15% stake in The Hindustan Times last year.
That extra cash means more competition is on the way. Even as Zee TV helps launch DNA, print-media stalwarts are aiming to get into TV or expand into new regions and languages. The Times of India is planning Times Global Broadcasting, a venture with Reuters Group PLC, while Hindi-language Dainik Jagran has joined forces with the Irish Independent to launch Channel 7, a nationwide Hindi-language news channel. Calcutta paper Ananda Bazaar Patrika is a partner in the Star News venture, and South India's highbrow English daily, The Hindu, is planning a Bombay edition. "It's the beginning of Indian media conglomerates," says Sunir Khetarpal, YesBank's point man on media deals.
With so many players, there's bound to be a shakeout. The country is already awash in newspapers: Some 55,000 publish in two dozen languages, and nearly 2,000 of those are dailies, according to government statistics. Although most are tiny local-language operations, the biggest are substantial by any standard. Dainik Bhaskar has 18 editions and a combined circulation of 1.7 million, while The Times boasts eight editions and total circulation of 1.3 million. DNA, meanwhile, aims to attract 350,000 subscribers in Bombay, which already has a dozen dailies. And while ad spending on news channels is growing fast -- it's expected to hit $160 million this year, up from $10 million four years ago -- it's still not much when split among 22 rivals. In such a crowded space, "everyone will bleed after splurging, then a deep-pocketed player will step in and be a winner," says Mahesh Chabria, director with Enam Securities in Bombay.
Ordinary Indians have mixed feelings about the boom. Many say papers devote too much space to the antics of the country's Bollywood and social elites, ignoring stories about an India in transition, with its problems of corruption, education, infrastructure, and health care. With luck, some of the new outlets will focus "on things that affect us rather than nonsense that parades as news," says Bombay lawyer Javed Gaya. DNA, at least, promises to do that, citing research showing that Bombay readers also want serious news. "We [and The Times] both have the money and the resources, so the Bombay fight is that of quality editorial content," says Dainik Bhaskar's Agarwal.
Others are skeptical. The new media "promise to be poppycock and cater to vulgarian minds," grouses aspiring actor Vikram Rao, who reads five papers every day and watches an hour of news. "They will continue to breed mediocrity and make my stomach churn." At the very least, consumers such as Rao and Gaya will have more choice. As the action unfolds in coming months, they'll discover whether that choice provides them with more news or more nonsense.
By Manjeet Kripalani in Bombay


text:
CherriesMarch 2006
Tart cherry anthocyanins suppress inflammation-induced pain behavior in rats.
The use of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) has increased in the United States and more patients are seeking CAM therapies for control of pain. The present investigation tested the efficacy of orally administered anthocyanins extracted from tart cherries on inflammation-induced pain behavior in rats. Paw withdrawal latency to radiant heat and paw withdrawal threshold to von Frey probes were measured. The first set of experiments examined the effects of tart cherry anthocyanins (400 mg/kg) on the nociceptive behaviors and edema associated with inflammation induced by intraplantar injection of 1% carrageenan. These studies also included tests of motor coordination. The second set of experiments determined if tart cherry anthocyanins (15, 85, and 400 mg/kg) dose-dependently affected the inflammation induced by intraplantar injection of 25% complete Freund's adjuvant. We found that tart cherry extracts reduce inflammation-induced thermal hyperalgesia, mechanical hyperalgesia and paw edema. The suppression of thermal hyperalgesia was dose-dependent and the efficacy of highest dose (400 mg/kg) was similar to indomethacin (5 mg/kg). The highest dose anthocyanin (400 mg/kg) had no effects on motor function. These data suggest that tart cherry anthocyanins may have a beneficial role in the treatment of inflammatory pain. The antihyperalgesic effects may be related to the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties of anthocyanins. A better understanding of the modulatory role of dietary constituents and phytonutrients on pain will offer further therapeutic options for treating patients with persistent and chronic pain conditions.
Behav Brain Res. 2004 Aug 12;153(1):181-8
Structural and functional characterization of polyphenols isolated from acerola (Malpighia emarginata DC.) fruit.
Two anthocyanins, cyanidin-3-alpha-O-rhamnoside (C3R) and pelargonidin-3-alpha-O-rhamnoside (P3R), and quercitrin (quercetin-3-alpha-O-rhamnoside), were isolated from acerola (Malpighia emarginata DC.) fruit. These polyphenols were evaluated based on the functional properties associated with diabetes mellitus or its complications, that is, on the radical scavenging activity and the inhibitory effect on both alpha-glucosidase and advanced glycation end product (AGE) formation. C3R and quercitrin revealed strong radical scavenging activity. While the inhibitory profiles of isolated polyphenols except quercitrin towards alpha-glucosidase activity were low, all polyphenols strongly inhibited AGE formation.
Biosci Biotechnol Biochem. 2005 Feb;69(2):280-6
Anthocyanidins inhibit cyclooxygenase-2 expression in LPS-evoked macrophages: structure-activity relationship and molecular mechanisms involved.
The effects of anthocyanidins, the aglycon nucleuses of anthocyanins widely occurring in reddish fruits and vegetables, on the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) were investigated in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated murine macrophage RAW264 cells. Of five anthocyanidins, delphinidin and cyanidin inhibited LPS-induced COX-2 expression, but pelargonidin, peonidin and malvidin did not. The structure-activity relationship suggest that the ortho-dihydroxyphenyl structure of anthocyanidins on the B-ring appears to be related with the inhibitory actions. Delphinidin, the most potent inhibitor, caused a dose-dependent inhibition of COX-2 expression at both mRNA and protein levels. Western blotting analysis indicated that delphinidin inhibited the degradation of IkappaB-alpha, nuclear translocation of p65 and CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein (C/EBP)delta and phosphorylation of c-Jun, but not CRE-binding protein (CREB). Moreover, delphinidin suppressed the activations of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) including c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), extracellular signalregulated kinase (ERK) and p38 kinase. MAPK inhibitors (U0126 for MEK1/2, SB203580 for p38 kinase and SP600125 for JNK) specifically blocked LPS-induced COX-2 expression. Thus, our results demonstrated that LPS-induced COX-2 expression by activating MAPK pathways and delphinidin suppressed COX-2 by blocking MAPK-mediated pathways with the attendant activation of nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB), activator protein-1 (AP-1) and C/EBPdelta. These findings provide the first molecular basis that anthocyanidins with orthodihydroxyphenyl structure may have anti-inflammatory properties through the inhibition of MAPKmediated COX-2 expression.
Biochem Pharmacol. 2005 Aug 1;70(3):417-25
The human pineal gland and melatonin in aging and Alzheimer's disease.
The pineal gland is a central structure in the circadian system which produces melatonin under the control of the central clock, the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN). The SCN and the output of the pineal gland, i.e. melatonin, are synchronized to the 24-hr day by environmental light, received by the retina and transmitted to the SCN via the retinohypothalamic tract. Melatonin not only plays an important role in the regulation of circadian rhythms, but also acts as antioxidant and neuroprotector that may be of importance in aging and Alzheimer's disease (AD). Circadian disorders, such as sleep-wake cycle disturbances, are associated with aging, and even more pronounced in AD. Many studies have reported disrupted melatonin production and rhythms in aging and in AD that, as we showed, are taking place as early as in the very first preclinical AD stages (neuropathological Braak stage I-II). Degeneration of the retina-SCN-pineal axis may underlie these changes. Our recent studies indicate that a dysfunction of the sympathetic regulation of pineal melatonin synthesis by the SCN is responsible for melatonin changes during the early AD stages. Reactivation of the circadian system (retina-SCN-pineal pathway) by means of light therapy and melatonin supplementation, to restore the circadian rhythm and to relieve the clinical circadian disturbances, has shown promising positive results.
J Pineal Res. 2005 Apr;38(3):145-52
Anti-inflammatory actions of melatonin and its metabolites, N1-acetyl-N2-formyl-5-methoxykynuramine (AFMK) and N1-acetyl-5-methoxykynuramine (AMK), in macrophages.
Inflammation is a complex phenomenon involving multiple cellular and molecular interactions which must be tightly regulated. Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX) is the key enzyme that catalyzes the two sequential steps in the biosynthesis of PGs from arachidonic acid. The inducible isoform of COX, namely COX-2, plays a critical role in the inflammatory response and its overexpression has been associated with several pathologies including neurodegenerative diseases and cancer. Melatonin is the main product of the pineal gland with well documented antioxidant and immuno-modulatory effects. Since the action of the indole on COX-2 has not been previously described, the goal of the present report was to test the effect of melatonin on the activities of COX-2 and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), using lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated RAW 264.7 macrophages as a model. Melatonin and its metabolites, N1-acetyl-N2-formyl-5-methoxykynuramine (AFMK) and N1-acetyl-5-methoxykynuramine (AMK), prevented COX-2 activation induced by LPS, without affecting COX-1 protein levels. The structurally related compound 6-methoxymelatonin only partially prevented the increase in COX-2 protein levels induced by the toxin. Likewise melatonin prevented iNOS activation and reduced the concentration of products from both enzymes, PGE(2) and nitric oxide. Another endogenous antioxidant like N-acetyl-cysteine (NAC) did not reduced COX-2 significantly. The current finding corroborates a role of melatonin as an anti-inflammatory agent and, for the first time, COX-2 and iNOS as molecular targets for either melatonin or its metabolites AFMK and AMK. These anti-inflammatory actions seem not to be exclusively mediated by the free radical scavenging properties of melatonin. As a consequence, the present work suggests these substances as a new class of potential anti-inflammatory agents without the classical side effects due to COX-1 inhibition.
J Neuroimmunol. 2005 Aug;165(1-2):139-49
Fast access of some grape pigments to the brain.
Anthocyanins represent the main flavonoid pigments in red grape and wine, in red berries, and in many other fruits and vegetables and are widespread in the human diet. After ingestion, these complex, hydrophilic compounds quickly appear as intact molecules in the plasma. This study investigated their presence in the brain of anesthetized rats that received 8 mg/kg of body weight of a pure anthocyanin mixture extracted from Vitis vinifera grapes. The mixture was maintained in the stomach for 10 min. After this time, intact anthocyanins were detected by HPLC-DAD-MS not only in the plasma (176.4 +/- 50.5 ng/mL, mean +/- SEM) but also in the brain (192.2 +/- 57.5 ng/g). These results demonstrate for the first time that grape pigments can reach the mammalian brain within minutes from their introduction into the stomach.
J Agric Food Chem. 2005 Sep 7;53(18):7029-34
Effect of muraglitazar on death and major adverse cardiovascular events in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
CONTEXT: Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are nuclear transcription factors that modulate gene expression. Therapeutic agents targeting 2 distinct families of PPARs (alpha and gamma) have been introduced in the United States. The first dual-PPAR agonist, muraglitazar, was reviewed by a US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) advisory committee on September 9, 2005, resulting in a vote of 8:1 recommending approval for its use in controlling blood glucose levels in patients with type 2 diabetes.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the incidence of death, myocardial infarction (MI), stroke, congestive heart failure (CHF), and transient ischemic attack (TIA) in diabetic patients treated with muraglitazar compared with controls.
DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: The source material for this analysis consisted of documents about phase 2 and 3 clinical trials released under public disclosure laws for the FDA advisory committee meeting. All reviewed trials were prospective, randomized, doubleblind, multicenter studies enrolling patients with type 2 diabetes and hemoglobin A(1c) levels between 7% and 10%. Patients (N = 3725) were randomized to receive differing doses of muraglitazar, pioglitazone, or placebo as monotherapy or in combination with metformin or glyburide in trials ranging from 24 to 104 weeks.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The primary outcome was the incidence of death, nonfatal MI, or nonfatal stroke. A more comprehensive composite outcome included these events plus the incidence of CHF and TIA.
RESULTS: In the muraglitazar-treated patients, death, MI, or stroke occurred in 35 of 2374 (1.47%) patients compared with 9 of 1351 (0.67%) patients in the combined placebo and pioglitazone treatment groups (controls) (relative risk [RR], 2.23; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.07-4.66; P = .03). For the more comprehensive outcome measure that included TIA and CHF, the incidence was 50 of 2374 (2.11%) for muraglitazar compared with 11 of 1351 (0.81%) for controls (RR, 2.62; 95% CI, 1.36-5.05; P = .004). Relative risks for each of the individual components of the composite end point exceeded 2.1 but were not statistically significant. Incidence of adjudicated CHF was 13 of 2374 (0.55%) muraglitazar-treated patients and 1 of 1351 controls (0.07%) (RR, 7.43; 95% CI, 0.97-56.8; P = .053).
CONCLUSIONS: Compared with placebo or pioglitazone, muraglitazar was associated with an excess incidence of the composite end point of death, major adverse cardiovascular events (MI, stroke, TIA), and CHF. This agent should not be approved to treat diabetes based on laboratory end points until safety is documented in a dedicated cardiovascular events trial.
JAMA. 2005 Nov 23;294(20):2581-6
Anthocyanins in aged blueberryfed rats are found centrally and may enhance memory.
Research has shown that fruits and vegetables containing high levels of polyphenolics (flavonoids) display high total antioxidant activity. Our laboratory found that various fruit and vegetable extracts, particularly blueberry (BB), were effective in reversing age-related deficits in neuronal signaling and behavioral parameters following 8 weeks of feeding, possibly due to their polyphenolic content. However, it was unclear if these phytonutrients were able to directly access the brain from dietary BB supplementation (BBS). The present study examined whether different classes of polyphenols could be found in brain areas associated with cognitive performance following BBS. Thus, 19 month old F344 rats were fed a control or 2% BB diet for 8-10 weeks and tested in the Morris water maze (MWM), a measure of spatial learning and memory. LCMS analyses of anthocyanins in the diet and subsequently in different brain regions of BBS and control rats were carried out. Several anthocyanins (cyanidin-3-O-beta-galactoside, cyanidin-3-O-beta-glucoside, cyanidin-3-O-beta-arabinose, malvidin-3-O-beta-galactoside, malvidin-3-O-beta-glucoside, malvidin-3-O-beta-arabinose, peonidin-3-O-beta-arabinose and delphinidin-3-O-beta-galactoside) were found in the cerebellum, cortex, hippocampus or striatum of the BBS rats, but not the controls. These findings are the first to suggest that polyphenolic compounds are able to cross the blood brain barrier and localize in various brain regions important for learning and memory. Correlational analyses revealed a relationship between MWM performance in BBS rats and the total number of anthocyanin compounds found in the cortex. These findings suggest that these compounds may deliver their antioxidant and signaling modifying capabilities centrally.
Nutr Neurosci. 2005 Apr;8(2):111-20
Risk of dementia and alcohol and wine consumption: a review of recent results.
The term dementia refers to a clinical syndrome of acquired intellectual disturbances produced by brain dysfunction. Dementia may result from a wide variety of disorders, including degenerative (e.g. Alzheimer's disease, AD), vascular (e.g. multi-infarct dementia), and traumatic (e.g. head injury). Long-term abuse of alcohol is related to the development of the Wernicke-Korsakoff's syndrome or alcohol dementia. However, light to moderate alcohol intake might also reduce the risk of dementia and AD. In Bordeaux (France), a populationbased prospective study found that subjects drinking 3 to 4 standard glasses of wine per day (> 250 and up to 500 ml), categorized as moderate drinkers, the crude odds ratio (OR) was 0.18 for incident dementia (p < 0.01) and 0.25 for Alzheimer's disease (p < 0.03), as compared to the non-drinkers. After adjusting for age, sex, education, occupation, baseline cognitive performances and other possible confounders, the ORs were respectively 0.19 (p < 0.01) and 0.28 (p < 0.05). In the 922 mild drinkers (< 1 to 2 glasses per day) there was a negative association only with AD. after adjustment (OR = 0.55; p < 0.05). The inverse relationship between moderate wine drinking and incident dementia was explained neither by known predictors of dementia nor by medical, psychological or socio-familial factors. These results were confirmed from data of the Rotterdam study. Light-to-moderate drinking (one to three drinks per day) was significantly associated with a lower risk of any dementia (hazard ratio 0.58 [95% CI 0.38-0.90]) and vascular dementia (hazard ratio 0.29 [0.09-0.93]). No evidence that the relation between alcohol and dementia varied by type of alcoholic beverage was found. Stroke constitutes one of the most common causes of serious functional impairment in developed countries. Ischaemic strokes represent about 80% of all strokes. Several studies have been published and the overall conclusion is that heavy drinking is a risk factor for most stroke subtypes. Regular light to moderate drinking seemed to be associated with a decreased risk for ischaemic stroke.
Biol Res. 2004;37(2):189-93
Melatonin inhibits neural apoptosis induced by homocysteine in hippocampus of rats via inhibition of cytochrome c translocation and caspase-3 activation and by regulating pro- and anti-apoptotic protein levels.
In the present study, we examined the molecular mechanism by which homocysteine causes neuronal cell apoptosis. We further investigated the mechanisms of melatonin's ability to reduce homocysteineinduced apoptosis. Consistent with its antioxidant properties, melatonin reduced homocysteine-induced lipid peroxidation and stimulated glutathione peroxidase enzyme activity in hippocampus of rats with hyperhomocysteinemia. Furthermore, melatonin treatment diminished cytochrome c release from mitochondria and reduced caspase 3 and caspase 9 activation induced by hyperhomocysteinemia. Chronic hyperhomocysteinemia also led to poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase cleavage and subsequently DNA fragmentation. Treatment with melatonin markedly inhibited poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase cleavage and reduced DNA damage. Hyperhomocysteinemia caused an elevation of pro-apoptotic Bax levels while reducing anti-apoptotic protein, Bcl-2, levels. Daily administration of melatonin up-regulated Bcl-2 and down-regulated Bax levels. We propose that, in addition to its antioxidant properties, melatonin has the ability to protect neuronal cells against apoptosis mediated homocysteine neurotoxicity by modulating apoptosis-regulatory proteins in the hippocampus of rats.
Neuroscience. 2005;135(3):879-86
Protective activity of tomato products on in vivo markers of lipid oxidation.
BACKGROUND: It has been suggested that regular consumption of tomato products improves antioxidant defenses due to their endogenous antioxidant compounds, notably lycopene.
AIM OF THE STUDY: We evaluated the effects of tomato consumption on parameters of lipid oxidation in healthy human volunteers.
METHODS: Twelve females (enrolled at T-7), after a one-week of carotenoid-poor diet (T0), were instructed to supplement the same diet with different tomato products (raw, sauce, and paste), thereby providing approximately eight mg lycopene/day for three weeks (T21). Blood samples were periodically collected in order to evaluate plasma carotenoid concentrations, plasma antioxidant capacity, and susceptibility of LDL to metal ion-induced oxidation. Furthermore, 8-iso-PGF(2alpha), a marker of in vivo oxidative stress, was analyzed in the 24-hour urine.
RESULTS: Carotenoid concentrations decreased significantly during the carotenoid-poor diet (P < 0.05), while lycopene concentrations increased significantly after tomato consumption (P < 0.001). The antioxidant capacity of plasma did not vary during the study. Conversely, LDL oxidizability decreased after tomato consumption, as demonstrated by a shortening of the lag phase (P < 0.001). This parameter was significantly correlated with lycopene concentration (r = 0.36, P < 0.05). The excretion of 8-iso-PGF(2alpha) in urine was also significantly lower (-53%, P < 0.05 compared with T0) after tomato supplementation.
CONCLUSIONS: These results further support a role for tomato products in the prevention of lipid peroxidation, a risk factor of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease.
Eur J Nutr. 2003 Aug;42(4):201-6


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2 New Shows Added October 19 & 20
Following the news of our postponed shows in NYC, we have exciting news. We've added two new shows this week at Le Poisson Rouge:
On Wednesday, October 19 John Medeski will join the amazing Sacred Steel gospel group The Campbell Brothers on stage for one special performance: more info here.
And on Thursday, October 20, our good friend Nels Cline reunites with Medeski & Martin, plus Steven Bernstein and special guests: more info here.
Tickets are on sale now.
And… Read More


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Rated 5 / 5 stars
Sweet haha
It would be awesome if all the girls in the world looked as good as this...sadly we got some 'genetic mess-ups' haha xD! Great job on this :p
D: Man, dude. Harsh.
Rated 5 / 5 stars
lol LFD witch
its a witch from l4d(but a human)OMG it creeps my little bro out LOL
um no. not even a little bit. http://i162.photobucket.com/albums/t280/left4dead411/l4d-concept-art-witch.jpg
Rated 5 / 5 stars
I agree with everyone.
I can see by how much this triggers much emotion and feeling from it, It took some time to get it just right. I agree with everyone saying that it has a cutish and sexy gleem to it. Overall I say you get a good 10/10 here. I just wonder though about how long have you been working on just this one piece alone? I ask because a piece of work I made recently took me about 6-8 hours to do, and it was just a landscape drawing at that.
Rated 5 / 5 stars
i love this picture how come most girls in the world cant look lik that?guess we'll never no lol
Haha thanks. But to be honest, it'd be kind of creepy!
Rated 5 / 5 stars
I definitely agree!
Just like you say that is a pretty sexy and cute piece of artwork at the same time. I hope you'll make more of her!


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Can someone remind me of where we left this? > >> Um, I didn't have any trouble at all reproducing Patrick's complaint. > >> pg_dump any moderately large table (I used tenk1 from the regress > >> database) and try to load the script with psql. Kaboom. > > > This is after or before my latest patch? > > Before. I haven't updated since yesterday... > > > I can't seem to reproduce this problem, > > Odd. Maybe there is something different about the kernel's timing of > message sending on your platform. I see it very easily on HPUX 10.20, > and Patrick sees it very easily on whatever he's using (netbsd I think). > You might try varying the situation a little, say > psql mydb <dumpfile > psql -f dumpfile mydb > psql mydb > \i dumpfile > and the same with -h localhost (to get a TCP/IP connection instead of > Unix domain). At the moment (pre-patch) I see failures with the > first two of these, but not with the \i method. -h doesn't seem to > matter for me, but it might for you. > > > Telling me something is wrong without giving suggestions on how > > to fix it, nor direct pointers to where it fails doesn't help me > > one bit. You're not offering constructive critism, you're not > > even offering valid critism, you're just waving your finger at > > "problems" that you say exist but don't pin down to anything specific. > > I have been explaining it as clearly as I could. Let's try it > one more time. > > > I spent hours looking over what I did to pqFlush and pqPutnBytes > > because of what you said earlier when all the bug seems to have > > come down to is that I missed that the socket is set to non-blocking > > in all cases now. > > Letting the socket mode default to blocking will hide the problems from > existing clients that don't care about non-block mode. But people who > try to actually use the nonblock mode are going to see the same kinds of > problems that psql is exhibiting. > > > The old sequence of events that happened was as follows: > > > user sends data almost filling the output buffer... > > user sends another line of text overflowing the buffer... > > pqFlush is invoked blocking the user until the output pipe clears... > > and repeat. > > Right. > > > The nonblocking code allows sends to fail so the user can abort > > sending stuff to the backend in order to process other work: > > > user sends data almost filling the output buffer... > > user sends another line of text that may overflow the buffer... > > pqFlush is invoked, > > if the pipe can't be cleared an error is returned allowing the user to > > retry the send later. > > if the flush succeeds then more data is queued and success is returned > > But you haven't thought through the mechanics of the "error is returned > allowing the user to retry" code path clearly enough. Let's take > pqPutBytes for an example. If it returns EOF, is that a hard error or > does it just mean that the application needs to wait a while? The > application *must* distinguish these cases, or it will do the wrong > thing: for example, if it mistakes a hard error for "wait a while", > then it will wait forever without making any progress or producing > an error report. > > You need to provide a different return convention that indicates > what happened, say > EOF (-1) => hard error (same as old code) > 0 => OK > 1 => no data was queued due to risk of blocking > And you need to guarantee that the application knows what the state is > when the can't-do-it-yet return is made; note that I specified "no data > was queued" above. If pqPutBytes might queue some of the data before > returning 1, the application is in trouble again. While you apparently > foresaw that in recoding pqPutBytes, your code doesn't actually work. > There is the minor code bug that you fail to update "avail" after the > first pqFlush call, and the much more fundamental problem that you > cannot guarantee to have queued all or none of the data. Think about > what happens if the passed nbytes is larger than the output buffer size. > You may pass the first pqFlush successfully, then get into the loop and > get a won't-block return from pqFlush in the loop. What then? > You can't simply refuse to support the case nbytes > bufsize at all, > because that will cause application failures as well (too long query > sends it into an infinite loop trying to queue data, most likely). > > A possible answer is to specify that a return of +N means "N bytes > remain unqueued due to risk of blocking" (after having queued as much > as you could). This would put the onus on the caller to update his > pointers/counts properly; propagating that into all the internal uses > of pqPutBytes would be no fun. (Of course, so far you haven't updated > *any* of the internal callers to behave reasonably in case of a > won't-block return; PQfn is just one example.) > > Another possible answer is to preserve pqPutBytes' old API, "queue or > bust", by the expedient of enlarging the output buffer to hold whatever > we can't send immediately. This is probably more attractive, even > though a long query might suck up a lot of space that won't get > reclaimed as long as the connection lives. If you don't do this then > you are going to have to make a lot of ugly changes in the internal > callers to deal with won't-block returns. Actually, a bulk COPY IN > would probably be the worst case --- the app could easily load data into > the buffer far faster than it could be sent. It might be best to extend > PQputline to have a three-way return and add code there to limit the > growth of the output buffer, while allowing all internal callers to > assume that the buffer is expanded when they need it. > > pqFlush has the same kind of interface design problem: the same EOF code > is returned for either a hard error or can't-flush-yet, but it would be > disastrous to treat those cases alike. You must provide a 3-way return > code. > > Furthermore, the same sort of 3-way return code convention will have to > propagate out through anything that calls pqFlush (with corresponding > documentation updates). pqPutBytes can be made to hide a pqFlush won't- > block return by trying to enlarge the output buffer, but in most other > places you won't have a choice except to punt it back to the caller. > > PQendcopy has the same interface design problem. It used to be that > (unless you passed a null pointer) PQendcopy would *guarantee* that > the connection was no longer in COPY state on return --- by resetting > it, if necessary. So the return code was mainly informative; the > application didn't have to do anything different if PQendcopy reported > failure. But now, a nonblocking application does need to pay attention > to whether PQendcopy completed or not --- and you haven't provided a way > for it to tell. If 1 is returned, the connection might still be in > COPY state, or it might not (PQendcopy might have reset it). If the > application doesn't distinguish these cases then it will fail. > > I also think that you want to take a hard look at the automatic "reset" > behavior upon COPY failure, since a PQreset call will block the > application until it finishes. Really, what is needed to close down a > COPY safely in nonblock mode is a pair of entry points along the line of > "PQendcopyStart" and "PQendcopyPoll", with API conventions similar to > PQresetStart/PQresetPoll. This gives you the ability to do the reset > (if one is necessary) without blocking the application. PQendcopy > itself will only be useful to blocking applications. > > > I'm sorry if they don't work for some situations other than COPY IN, > > but it's functionality that I needed and I expect to be expanded on > > by myself and others that take interest in nonblocking operation. > > I don't think that the nonblock code is anywhere near production quality > at this point. It may work for you, if you don't stress it too hard and > never have a communications failure; but I don't want to see us ship it > as part of Postgres unless these issues get addressed. > > regards, tom lane > > ************ > -- Bruce Momjian | http://candle.pha.pa.us pgman(at)candle(dot)pha(dot)pa(dot)us | (610) 853-3000 + If your life is a hard drive, | 830 Blythe Avenue + Christ can be your backup. | Drexel Hill, Pennsylvania 19026
Next: From: Bruce Momjian Date: 2000-09-30 02:32:00 Subject: Re: ALTER TABLE DROP COLUMN Previous: From: Bruce Momjian Date: 2000-09-30 02:28:53 Subject: 7.1 beta schedule


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Usable landmarks across desktop and mobile
A lot has been written about how to technically implement WAI ARIA Landmarks but from a human perspective just how usable are they for screen reader users?
Landmarks are a way of providing semantic markup to areas of a page that otherwise are not signposted for screen reader users. By carving up your page into areas marked up as
navigation and
search you provide an outline that screen reader users can navigate using a keyboard shortcut. Done well this means users can navigate between content areas such as the main content, navigation and footer, in a similar way that sighted user rely on layout to inform the eye.
While the use of Landmarks becomes the norm I'm not convinced that we are really thinking about the user when we add them. Here are few thoughts based on some of the implementations I've seen on the web recently.
Content order
There is a clear relationship between Landmarks and what follows immediately in the content order. Looking at
role="main" for example you'd expect to find an H1 close by i.e. where the main content starts you'd expect the main heading to immediately follow. If navigating Landmarks with a screen reader you'll use a keyboard shortcut to move sequentially though Landmarks in a page. Once you arrive at your chosen Landmark you then ARROW down to listen to what follows next in the content order. Having an H1 follow immediately makes perfect sense.
This becomes even more important on mobile, specifically in Mobile Safari. Currently the name of the Landmark is not announced by Voiceover, i.e. 'Landmark main'. Instead the Landmark is announced as 'Landmark' together with what follows it in the content order so always ensure what follows is logical: an H1 follows role="main", a logo or the company name follows role="banner", an H2 follows role="article" in a blog post and so on.
Labeling Landmarks
Some Landmarks can be repeated in a page. For example you may have
role="navigation" wrapped around your global navigation and your local navigation. This is good and correct but a screen reader user won't necessarily know which navigation is which. A simple fix is to label the Landmark using
aria-label. The new BBC Channel pages do just this:
aria-label="Channels" role="navigation".
The output using Jaws 12 with IE9 and Firefox 12 is "Channels navigation Landmark" while the output for Voiceover with Mobile Safari is "Channels, Landmark start" which is really useful information. Don't go overboard however, remember that the contents of the Landmark can be uniquely identified by the first item in the content order so don't assume all Landmarks need to be labelled. You really want to avoid verbosity where possible.
Speaking of which…
One complaint I hear from users is that there's too many Landmarks on a page making them verbose with signposting which drowns out content. In particular the screen reader NVDA can be very chatty. Landmarks are there to plug the gaps that other semantics can't reach so don't feel you have to compartmentalise every area of content into a Landmark – especially if it's already well represented semantically. It may be there is content that doesn't naturally sit in a Landmark and if that's the case leave it alone. Chances are it will fall somewhere within the main Landmark or be taken care of within the heading structure.
Search is an interesting one. Occasionally on pages you see a simple search box with an explicit label of search, placement text of 'Search the site' presented in a search Landmark. While not incorrect I find this a little noisy as when a user moves focus to the search field you hear "Landmark search, search, search this site". On the flipside however it does mean there are three means available for the screen reader user to navigate to search: via Landmark shortcut, forms shortcuts and find. You should always have an explicit label but personally I can't help thinking that role="search' is more appropriate on pages with advanced search option such as the one shown below from the RNIB website.
Another verbosity issue is when role="navigation" is over used on a page. It's perfectly legal to use multiple navigation roles but personally I think if you overdo it you are going to undermine their use entirely which for me is to easily signpost main and local navigation. For example blog posts may each have a role of navigation around the category links which could mean a page with multiple posts has a huge number of navigation Landmarks.
Equally don't put footer links into a navigation role if they are already neatly housed in a contentinfo role. This only duplicates semantics and introduces noise.
Responsive design
What's usable on desktop may be less so on mobile and vice versa so if building a responsive site you need to think about how the structure of a page collapses down on mobile or, better yet, think mobile first. For example you may have 10 links in your main navigation on desktop that get packed away into a drop down menu on mobile. This being the case mobile could engineer itself out of the need for a navigation Landmark simply because there is only one item there. It adds a level of verbosity that isn't helpful much in the same way that skip links add noise on touch screens.
Like most things in RWD there are caveats however. In iOS, if menu items hidden visually in a drop down are available off screen, they will still be picked up by Voiceover in which case the need to role="navigation" still stands. If the menu link is just that, a single link or an anchored link to further links at the foot of the page, then role="navigation" is probably unnecessary.
The above are just a few thoughts and there is clearly much more user research that needs to be done to understand how to make Landmarks usable across devices. So when adding Landmarks keep the following in mind:
- Ensure logical content follows immediately after a Landmark
- Label repeated Landmarks where necessary using
- Only use Landmarks to plug semantic gaps, try not to duplicate structure or add noise
- Consider removing Landmarks on mobile where content is significantly reduced


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Cryoablation uses extremely cold temperature to destroy cells. Cardiac catheter cryoablation is used to destroy selected heart cells.
This procedure is done to disable heart cells that are creating an irregular heartbeat called arrhythmias. After the procedure, normal heart rhythm should be restored.
Complications are rare, but no procedure is completely free of risk. If you are planning to have cardiac catheter cryoablation, your doctor will review a list of possible complications, which may include:
Factors that may increase the risk of complications include:
Your level of risk may be related to the specific arrhythmia that you have and any underlying medical conditions.
Your doctor will likely do the following:
Leading up to your procedure:
A local anesthetic will be given by needle. It will numb the area where a tube called a catheter will be inserted. You will also receive a mild sedative through an IV in your arm. This will help you to relax during the procedure.
The special ablation catheter will be inserted into a blood vessel in the groin, upper thigh area, arm, or wrist. The area will be cleaned. It will also be numbed with anesthesia.
Copyright © Nucleus Medical Media, Inc.
The catheter will be passed up the blood vessel to your heart. Your doctor will be able to see the catheter with a special x-ray machine. It will be seen on a nearby screen.
Your doctor will locate the origin of your arrhythmia. This will be done by setting off the arrhythmia with a special catheter tip. When the location is found, the area will be cooled with the tip of the catheter. If it is the right area, the cold will temporarily stop the arrhythmia. If it is not the right area, the tip is removed and the tissue will not have any damage.
When the right area is found, the tip of the ablation catheter will be cooled down to -70°C. This extreme cold will freeze and scar the heart tissue. The damage will eliminate the arrhythmia. Your doctor will then try to reproduce the arrhythmia. The tip will be applied again until the arrhythmia can no longer be reproduced.
You will be moved to a recovery room. The staff will observe you for a few hours for symptoms, rhythm problems, and bleeding from the catheter sites. You may feel groggy from the sedative.
You will likely need to lie still and flat on your back for a period of time. A pressure dressing may be placed over the area where the catheter was inserted to help prevent bleeding. It is important to follow directions.
3-6 hours or longer
You may feel some minor discomfort as the catheter is inserted. You may feel light-headed, experience a rapid heartbeat, or experience chest pain during the freezing process.
Most patients stay overnight for further observation. Your doctor may choose to keep you longer if complications arise.
When you return home after the procedure, do the following to help ensure a smooth recovery:
This procedure has an extremely high success rate and a low recurrence and complication rate. But, if you:
Contact your doctor if your recovery is not progressing as expected or you develop complications such as:
In case of an emergency, call for emergency medical services right away.
American Heart Association
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute
Health Canada
Women's Health Matters
Ablation for arrhythmias. American Heart Association website. Available at: http://www.heart.org/HEARTORG/Conditions/Arrhythmia/PreventionTreatmentofArrhythmia/Ablation-for-Arrhythmias_UCM_301991_Article.jsp. Updated February 10, 2016. Accessed June 9, 2016.
Catheter ablation of arrhythmias. Circulation. 2002;106:e203.
Cryoablation for atrial fibrillation in association with other cardiac surgery. National Institute for Clinical Excellence website. Available at: http://publications.nice.org.uk/cryoablation-for-atrial-fibrillation-in-association-with-other-cardiac-surgery-ipg123. Updated February 10, 2016. Accessed June 9, 2016.
6/3/2011 DynaMed Plus Systematic Literature Surveillancehttp://www.dynamed.com: Mills E, Eyawo O, Lockhart I, Kelly S, Wu P, Ebbert JO. Smoking cessation reduces postoperative complications: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Med. 2011;124(2):144-154.e8.
Last reviewed June 2016 by Michael J. Fucci, DO, FACC Last Updated: 5/11/2013


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Criminal Law
Criminal Law Questions? Ask a Criminal Lawyer.
Hello. My name is XXXXX XXXXX I will be glad to help you.
Are you online with me?
Welcome to JustAnswer.com
When was your community service due?
this monday 30th
When is your probation up?
may 2014
Well, it is important to be straight forward and honest with your PO
Generally, PO would have some discretion and should be able to allow you to complete the outstanding 40 hours of community service within next 30 days, as long as you have a valid reason for your failure to complete it on time.
Does this make sense?
do i need any letter from a doctor to show i was sick or my word is good?
It would help to prove your situation.
Do you have any related follow up questions?
I have a letter from a doctor which was written in may that shows i suffer from ulcers, i needed it for college, can I use this, or do I have to get a fresh letter?
It would make sense to obtain a letter that is dated within last 30 days.
I see, thanks for your help
I wish you the best of luck.Please click on the "Excellent Service" feedback, so I can receive credit for my answer.Bonus and positive feedback are always appreciated, but are not required
definitely will do, thanks
Thank you and God Bless!


text:
Last Wednesday, ten AWC Austin members sat down to lunch with MP Mueller, president of Door Number 3 (DN3) and author of the New York Times blog, Branded. This event was part of our Leader Lunch series and offered an intimate setting for a handful of members to get to know a woman who has achieved outstanding accomplishments in advertising and made lasting contributions to the Austin community.
MP shared raw stories about finding her way to Austin (thanks to a positive tarot card reading), flunking out of a scientific pharmaceutical job and landing a gig in the company's marketing department because her "just for kicks" rag magazine was actually pretty good, and finally choosing to set off on her own and start an advertising company. It couldn't be that hard, right? DN3 has seen it's fair share of ups and downs, including a rebranding and a "right-big" move from Elgin to Austin, but MP wouldn't have it any other way.
My biggest take-away of the day is something very simple, yet, so important.
Take initiative and stand apart. Create your own opportunities.
This advice holds true for new grads, people changing jobs, and people who don't want to feel stuck in their current position forever. In order to get a leg up, or land that dream job, you've got to make it happen for yourself. So get out there, and create new opportunities for yourself!
Hint: You can start by going to Banner Brunch and meeting some new people. I'll be there!
-emily babb


text:
Hi - I have several asymmetries on my face (uneven eye, crooked nose, sunken side) and I think they are all mostly due to an uneven Jaw. My TMJ clicks constantly on the smaller side and it looks like my nose and face are literally sliding off my face on the side which is smaller/has less Jaw. I don't even recognize myself when I see pictures or video. What can be done? Can surgery likely improve the asymmetry and natural appearance? Please help -- Thanks!
Many Asymmetries, Orthognathic Surgery to Fix? (photo)
Doctor Answers 1
Orthognathic Jaw Surgery to Correct Asymmetries
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You need to see a Board certified Oral & Maxillofacial Surgeron to evaluate your skeletal asymmetries. Without radiographs it is difficult to say what the issues are. From the photos and the symptoms you describe you may have hemifacial microsomia, but difficult to say. Condylar hyperplasia may also be an issue. Have a full exam. Orthognathic surgery most likely will be the remedy
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