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|48th week of 2009 patent applcation highlights part 23
|Patent application number
|CIRCUIT FOR AND AN ELECTRONIC DEVICE INCLUDING A NONVOLATILE MEMORY CELL AND A PROCESS OF FORMING THE ELECTRONIC DEVICE - A circuit for a nonvolatile memory cell can include a charge-altering terminal and an output terminal. The circuit can also include a first transistor having a gate electrode that electrically floats and an active region including a current-carrying electrode, wherein the current-carrying electrode is coupled to the output terminal. The circuit can further include a second transistor having a first electrode and a second electrode, wherein the first electrode is coupled to the gate electrode of the first transistor, and the second electrode is coupled to the charge-altering terminal. When changing the state of the memory cell, the second transistor can be active and no significant amount of charge carriers are transferred between the gate electrode of the first transistor and the active region of the first transistor. Other embodiments can include the electronic device itself and a process of forming the electronic device.
|SEMICONDUCTOR MEMORY DEVICE INCLUDING WRITE SELECTORS - A semiconductor memory device includes: static memory cells arranged in a matrix; a read bit line for transmitting data read from one of the memory cells; a write bit line for transmitting data to be written to one of the memory cells; an input data line for transmitting data which is received from outside and is to be written in one of the memory cells; and a selector for selectively transmitting data of the read line or the input data line to the write bit line.
|HIGH PERFORMANCE METAL GATE POLYGATE 8 TRANSISTOR SRAM CELL WITH REDUCED VARIABILITY - A static random access memory cell includes a metal hi-k layer; a poly-SiON gate stack over the metal hi-k layer; a plurality of inverters disposed within the poly-SiON gate stack; and a plurality of field effect transistors placed in the metal hi-k layer.
|Row Addressing - Embodiments are provided that include a row decoder, including a row activation path, having a row address converter with an output coupled to an input of a section replacement detector. Further embodiments provide a method including mapping an external row address to an internal row address, wherein the internal row address comprises a section address, determining whether a section corresponding to the section address includes an error, and if the section includes an error, converting the internal row address to a redundant row address, wherein mapping the external row address to the internal row address is initiated prior to determining whether the section replacement should be performed.
|MEMORY BLOCK TESTING - A memory block of a memory device is tested by programming a plurality of pages of the memory block, passing the memory block if a number of pages, each programmed in a first programming time, is greater than or equal to a first predetermined number and a number of pages, each programmed in a second programming time, is less than or equal to a second predetermined number, and failing the memory block if a programming time of any one of the pages exceeds a predetermined programming time or if the number of pages programmed in the first programming time is less than the first predetermined number or if the number of pages programmed in the second programming time exceeds the second predetermined number.
|METHOD AND CIRCUIT FOR CONFIGURING MEMORY CORE INTEGRATED CIRCUIT DIES WITH MEMORY INTERFACE INTEGRATED CIRCUIT DIES - A memory device comprises a first and second integrated circuit dies. The first integrated circuit die comprises a memory core as well as a first interface circuit. The first interface circuit permits full access to the memory cells (e.g., reading, writing, activating, pre-charging and refreshing operations to the memory cells). The second integrated circuit die comprises a second interface that interfaces the memory core, via the first interface circuit, an external bus, such as a synchronous interface to an external bus. A technique combines memory core integrated circuit dies with interface integrated circuit dies to configure a memory device. A speed test on the memory core integrated circuit dies is conducted, and the interface integrated circuit die is electrically coupled to the memory core integrated circuit die based on the speed of the memory core integrated circuit die.
|MEMORY CIRCUIT WITH SENSE AMPLIFIER - A memory has a pre-amplifier for generating an output signal and a reference signal. The memory includes a comparator for comparing the output signal to the reference signal. The comparator includes a bias stage for generating a bias signal, wherein the bias signal is an average of the output signal and the reference signal. The comparator further includes a first output stage for generating a first comparator output signal by comparing the output signal and the bias signal. The comparator further includes a second output stage for generating a second comparator output signal by comparing the reference signal and the bias signal.
|SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICE - A semiconductor device includes a plurality of memory cell blocks, each including a plurality of memory cells each storing a predetermined amount of data. Each of the memory cell blocks stores, in the memory cells thereof, truth table data used for outputting desired logical values in response to input of a given address so as to function as a logic circuit. The number of inputs and the number of outputs of the memory cell block is three or more, and the memory cell blocks are connected to each other so that three or more outputs from one memory cell block are input to three or more other memory cell blocks.
|SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICE HAVING LATENCY COUNTER - A semiconductor device includes a latency setting circuit setting the latency, an input command circuit outputting a normal-phase (reverse-phase) command signal obtained by capturing an input command signal using a normal-phase (reverse-phase) clock, first and second counter circuits each including latch circuits for sequentially shifting the normal-phase (reverse-phase) command signal based on the normal-phase (reverse-phase) clock, a selector circuit controlling a signal path so that the normal-phase (reverse-phase) command signal is transmitted through the first (second) counter circuit when an even latency is set and the normal-phase (reverse-phase) command signal is transmitted so as to be shifted from the first (second) counter circuit to the second (first) counter circuit when an odd latency is set, and a control circuit controlling so that the latch circuits of the first (second) counter circuit are activated in response to the input command signal and stopped after an operation period is elapsed.
|Memory Word-line Tracking Scheme - A word-line tracking system for a memory array having a plurality of memory cells, the word-line tracking system comprises a dummy row having substantially identical structure as one or more regular rows of the memory cells, the dummy row including a dummy word-line having a first and a second end at the opposite longitudinal ends of the dummy word-line, the first end being connected to a word-line driver, a self timing generator configured to receive a clock signal and generate a pulse signal in sync with the clock signal for the dummy word-line driver, the self timing generator having a first terminal for receiving a feedback signal to determine the falling edge of the pulse signal, a voltage-to-current converter connected to the second end of the dummy word-line, a current-to-voltage converter connected to the feedback terminal, and a wire connecting the voltage-to-current converter to the current-to-voltage converter.
|Measuring Electromagnetic Source Geometry - An electromagnetic source for electromagnetic survey of a subsea formation includes a towfish configured to be towed by a surface vessel; a plurality of electrodes attached to the towfish; and an acoustic ranging system having acoustic components individually attached to each of the towfish and the plurality of electrodes, wherein the acoustic ranging system is configured to determine a geometry of the plurality of electrodes.
|System and Technique to Determine High Order Derivatives from Seismic Sensor Data - A technique includes obtaining multi-component seismic data acquired by two or more seismic sensors while in tow. The multi-component seismic data is indicative of a pressure wavefield and particle motion. The technique includes based on the data, determining at least one high order (i.e., second order or higher) spatial derivative of the pressure wavefield.
|Processing Seismic Data Using Combined Regularization and 4D Binning - To process seismic data, a combined four-dimensional (4D) binning and regularization procedure is performed on the seismic data, where the combined 4D binning and regularization procedure includes computing measures associated with regularization of the seismic data, computing measures associated with 4D binning, and processing the seismic data according to the regularization measures and 4D binning measures.
|HEAD-MOUNTED DISPLAY APPARATUS FOR PROFILING SYSTEM - A head-mounted display to visualize a medium through a surface by displaying an image characterizing the medium under the surface provided by a profiling system and referenced in the real environment of the user. An image of the medium under the surface is projected in front of one or both eyes of a person wearing the head-mounted display, in superimposition with the real environment of the user. The head-mounted display comprises a positioning sensor, such as an inertial positioning sensor, for determining its position and orientation in the real environment. As the user moves around the medium, the image of the medium is updated to display the medium as if it could be seen through the surface. In one embodiment of the invention, the image of the medium under surface is displayed in stereoscopy, the user thereby visualizing the medium in three dimensions.
|SUBSALT VELOCITY MODEL BUILDING - Method for building a subsalt velocity model. In one implementation, the method may include determining a velocity of a sedimentary area surrounding a salt body, determining an initial velocity of a subsalt sedimentary area disposed below the salt body by interpolating the velocity of the surrounding sedimentary area with one or more boundaries defining the salt body, and updating the initial velocity of the subsalt sedimentary area.
|Method of operating an acoustic pulse echo ranging system - A method of operating an acoustic pulse echo ranging system is provided. A series of acoustic energy pulses of successively increasing or decreasing burst frequencies are transmitted through a transducer assembly. For each transmitted energy pulse associated echoes are received and converted into an echo function over time. The obtained echo function is stored in a two-dimensional pattern whose first dimension is the burst frequency and whose second dimension is the time. Based upon the two-dimensional pattern a frequency response function is evaluated as a function of echo function values over burst frequency at a selected point of time.
|Land based unit for seismic data acquisition - A self-contained, wireless seismic data acquisition unit having a cylindrically shaped case with smooth side walls along the length of the case. A retaining ring around the circumference is used to secure the cylindrical upper portion of the case to the cylindrical lower portion of the case. Interleaved fingers on the upper portion of the case and the lower portion of the case prevent the upper portion and the lower portion from rotating relative to one another. Ruggedized external electrical contacts are physically decoupled from rigid attachment to the internal electrical components of the unit utilizing electrical pins that "float" relative to the external case and the internal circuit board on which the pins are carried. The seismic sensors in the unit, such as geophones, and the antennae for the unit are located along the major axis of the cylindrically shaped case to improve fidelity and timing functions.
|Thermally assisted recording head with magnetic pole integrated into optical aperture for dual gradient recording - A write head structure for perpendicular recording having a pole tip integrated into the metal film surrounding a C aperture near field light source is disclosed. The close proximity of the pole tip to the light source enables more precise location of data cells written into the magnetic media, through the use of dual gradient thermally assisted recording. In dual gradient recording, data is fixed by the effect of both a thermal gradient, which affects the coercivity of the magnetic media, combined with a magnetic field gradient imposed by the pole tip.
|OPTICAL DISC APPARATUS, METHOD OF CONTROLLING THE SAME, AND INFORMATION STORAGE MEDIUM - An optical disc apparatus controls a relative position of an optical pickup with respect to a surface of an optical disc medium according to an output signal output from the optical pickup according to information recorded on the optical disc medium to implement servo control for maintaining a state where the information is readable, acquires an evaluation value for information reading accuracy when the servo control is implemented, and calculates a set value of a parameter to be set for the implementation of the servo control based on evaluation values respectively acquired for at least three set values of the parameter while changing the set value of the parameter for the servo control. The optical disc apparatus determines the set value to be set for further acquiring the evaluation value according to the evaluation values acquired for at least two set values of the parameter.
|OPTICAL DISC DEVICE, METHOD FOR ACTIVATING OPTICAL DISC DEVICE, AND CONTROL CIRCUIT - An optical disc device includes: a light source; a condensing system including a solid immersion lens for emitting light from the light source onto an optical disc; a gap control circuit for setting a distance between the solid immersion lens and the optical disc to a constant value; a CPU for adjusting a condensing position of emission light from the solid immersion lens with respect to an information recording/reproducing surface of the optical disc by moving a concave lens in a direction of an optical axis; and a focus control circuit for setting the condensing position on the information recording/reproducing surface, while following plane displacement of the information recording/reproducing surface, using a focus error signal. The CPU is operable to correct coma aberration in focus position adjustment by moving the concave lens in a direction perpendicularly intersecting with the optical axis.
|OPTICAL FOCUS ERROR OFFSET TO REDUCE RADIAL TO VERTICAL CROSSTALK - A method and system are provided for minimizing or optimising radial to vertical crosstalk (RVC) in an error signal in an optical record carrier reader is record carrier losed. Focus error offset values are applied to the reader. The radial to vertical crosstalk is determined after each focus error offset value is applied. The focus error offset value which minimizes or optimises the radial to vertical crosstalk is selected for use by the reader.
|METHOD OF UPDATING DISC INFORMATION OF OPTICAL DISC - A method of updating disc information of an optical disc includes checking whether a file system bitmap in a user data area of the optical disc had been updated, and updating disc information in a lead in area of the optical disc when the file system bitmap had been updated. By choosing an appropriate updating timing of the disc information, the present invention can reduce the risks of accidents such as power break down or abnormal host behavior occurring before the disc information is updated completely, and can prevent frequent access of locations storing the disc information.
|Optical Disk Image Forming Device and Optical Disk Image Forming Method - When an optical disk image forming device forms an image on an optical disk, the image forming device reads information of kinds of coloring matters used in an image forming area from information described in an information area of the optical disk. Then, the optical disk image forming device reads from a table laser power strength information corresponding to the information of the kinds of the coloring matters and a maximum linear velocity (Nx) at the time of forming the image and applies a laser beam having this laser power strength to form the image on the image forming area of the optical disk. Thus, since the discoloration of the coloring matter in the image forming area is always saturated, the image having a constant contrast can be formed on the image forming area of the optical disk.
|INFORMATION RECORDING METHOD AND INFORMATION RECORDING APPARATUS - In an information recording method, information is recorded to semiconductor memory when at least a specified amount of free space exists in the semiconductor memory. Information is recorded to magnetic memory when the free space in the semiconductor memory is insufficient but at least a specified amount of free space exists in the magnetic memory. Information is recorded to optical memory when the free space in both the semiconductor memory and the magnetic memory is insufficient. When retrieving recorded information, an access count is incremented, and information with a comparatively high access count is moved to the semiconductor memory, while information with a comparatively low access count is moved to the optical memory. Information is thus recorded to a recording medium suitably selected from among semiconductor memory, magnetic memory, and optical memory, thereby making effective use of each memory type.
|OPTIMIZING CALIBRATION SYSTEM - An optical scanning device scans a medium via a beam of radiation. The device has a head for providing the beam, beam control means for controlling the beam to generate a scanning spot, a front-end unit for generating a scanning signal based on radiation reflected from the medium, and an adjustment unit for adjusting the beam control means in dependence on detected errors. A beam control parameter, e.g. focus offset, is adjusted by a compromise value based on at least a first calibration value (
|SIGNAL PROCESSING DEVICE FOR OPTICAL DISC, INTEGRATED CIRCUIT, OPTICAL DISC DEVICE, AND OPTIMUM RECORDING FOCUS POSITION DETECTING METHOD - An optical disc signal processing device includes a focus position determining section, wherein when test recording is performed while changing a focus position through a plurality of positions, the focus position determining section obtains an optimum recording focus position based on recording qualities of regions on the optical disc where the test recording has been performed. The focus position determining section includes: a recording state measuring section for measuring, for each focus position, a recording quality of a region on the optical disc where the test recording has been performed; and a determination section for determining, according to a predetermined criterion, whether laser power during the test recording is suitable for obtaining the optimum recording focus position, based on the recording quality obtained for each focus position by the recording state measuring section. When it is determined by the determination section that the laser power during the test recording is not suitable for obtaining the optimum recording focus position, the optical disc signal processing device controls the optical pickup so that the test recording is performed again with the laser power changed.
|OPTICAL DISC DEVICE - The optical disc apparatus of this invention includes: an optical pickup, which irradiates an optical disc with a light beam and generates a light detection signal based on the beam reflected from the disc; a search section, which controls the pickup before data is written on a storage area of the disc, thereby adjusting the beam spot location and searching a reference one of information layers stacked for a defective area in the storage area of the disc; a defect decision section for detecting an error based on the detection signal and determining a portion of the storage area, where the error has occurred, as the defective area; a defect size measuring section for measuring the size of the defective area in an area of the reference layer and generating a defect information list indicating there is the defective area in the area of the reference layer; and a recording range control section for managing, by reference to the list, the storage area such that no data will be written on a perpendicularly projected area defined by projecting the defective area of the reference layer perpendicularly to another information layer.
|Data Protection in an Optical Data Carrier - An optical data carrier is presented being configured to provide protection for data recordable therein from environmental effects. The optical data carrier comprises recordable media having an outer surface and an inner data volume in which data is to be recorded, said data volume being spaced from said outer surface a certain minimal distance D, a region of the recordable media surrounding the data volume providing at least optical protection for said data volume.
|GAP PULL-IN METHOD FOR NEAR-FIELD OPTICAL DISK DRIVER AND OPTICAL DISK DRIVING APPARATUS USING THE METHOD - A gap pull-in method that minimizes overshoot due to a moving speed of a light focusing element and disturbance of a disk when the light focusing element is converted from an open loop state to a closed loop state during a gap pull-in of a near-field optical disk driver, and an optical disk driving apparatus using the method, the gap pull-in method including: generating an inverse actuator driving signal having a pulse duration and a pulse amplitude according to a moving speed of a light focusing element when an open loop state is changed to a closed loop state in the gap pull-in; and driving an actuator using the inverse actuator driving signal.
|OPTICAL DISC APPARATUS, METHOD OF CONTROLLING THE SAME, AND INFORMATION STORAGE MEDIUM - An optical disc apparatus includes an optical pickup for outputting an output signal according to reflected light from an optical disc medium, measures a level of a reflected signal corresponding to reflected light from a medium surface prior to reading of information recorded on the medium, predicts, based on the measured level of the reflected signal, whether or not the reflected signal from the medium surface will satisfy a predetermined detection condition when a focus state is to be detected, and uses a result of the predicting to detect a state where the output signal satisfies the predetermined detection condition as a state where a focus of an objective lens included in the optical pickup is on a signal surface of the medium while relatively moving the objective lens with respect to the medium surface when the information recorded on the medium is to be read therefrom.
|MULTILAYER INFORMATION RECORDING MEDIUM - A multilayer information storage medium according to the present invention includes: a substrate; at least three information storage layers, which are stacked one upon the other on the substrate; a plurality of transparent layers, each of which is arranged between its associated adjacent ones of the information storage layers; and a transparent coating layer. At least two of the transparent layers have mutually different thicknesses. If a laser beam with a wavelength of 400 nm to 410 nm is incident perpendicularly on the medium through the transparent coating layer, two of the information storage layers that sandwich the thinnest one of the transparent layers have a higher returning light intensity and/or a higher degree of modulation than the other information storage layers.
|INFORMATION REPRODUCING METHOD - The present invention relates to an information reproducing method for reproducing information recorded on an information recording carrier with several information layers by radiating light onto the carrier being e.g. an optical disc. The method comprises the step of 1) focusing the light at a first information layer or a second information layer, where the first layer and the second layer are adjacently positioned in the information recording carrier, 2) performing radial tracking on the reflected light from the information recording carrier, and 3) assessing form the radial tracking if the light is focussed on a clockwise or a counter-clockwise oriented spiral relative to the focussed light. In a particular embodiment, the assessment of whether the light is focussed on a clockwise or a counter-clockwise oriented spiral relative the light is utilized for indicating the identity of the layer on which the light is focussed. The invention also relates to an optical apparatus for implementing the method of the invention.
|OPTICAL INFORMATION RECORDING MEDIUM, METHOD OF RECORDING INFORMATION, AZO METAL COMPLEX DYE, AND AZO METAL COMPLEX SALT DYE - An aspect of the present invention relates to an optical information recording medium comprising a recording layer on a surface of a support, wherein the recording layer comprises at least one azo metal complex dye that is a complex of at least one azo dye and at least one metal ion, and the azo metal complex dye comprises equal to or more than four bonds, each of the bonds being formed between one azo dye molecule and one metal ion.
|INFORMATION RECORDING MEDIUM, AND RECORDING METHOD AND REPRODUCING METHOD THEREOF - An information recording medium in which bottoms of a guide groove and a pit array formed on a disc substrate are allocated on a same flat plane and shaped in flat. Further, in a transition area from a pit array to a guide groove or from a guide groove to a pit array, the information recording medium is provided with an intermediate area composed of a pit array of which height changes from a height between a bottom and a side of a groove to another height between the bottom and a side of the pit array.
|RECORDING AND REPRODUCING DEVICE, RECORDING AND REPRODUCING METHOD, RECORDING DEVICE, RECORDING METHOD, REPRODUCING DEVICE, AND REPRODUCING METHOD - A recording and reproducing device performs recording and reproduction on a hologram recording medium on which data is recorded by the use of interference fringes formed by signal light and reference light. The device includes: a light generation device including a spatial light modulator which performs spatial light modulation on incident light, and generating the signal and reference lights in the recording and the reference light in the reproduction; an image sensor for receiving the incident light and obtaining a light reception signal; an optical system for guiding the signal and reference lights to the hologram recording medium and reproduction light to the image sensor; and a band limiting device inserted on a Fourier plane in an optical path of the optical system, and having a transmittance set to be lower in a central area thereof than in a peripheral area thereof, to perform band limitation on the incident light.
|Optical information recording apparatus, optical information recording method, optical information recording/reproducing apparatus and optical information recording/reproducing method - An optical information recording/reproducing apparatus using holography comprises a signal generation unit that modulates input data, adds at least one control bit to each group of N bits, performs an NRZI-modulation on the modulated data, determines the at least one control bit such that a digital sum value of the NRZI-modulated data is 0, performs NRZI modulation on the data whose at least one control bit was determined, and rearranges the data to generate 2-dimensional data; a pickup that records the 2-dimensional data in a hologram disc and reproduces the 2-dimensional data from the hologram disc; and a signal processing unit that corrects the 2-dimensional data reproduced by the pickup, performs NRZI-modulation on the 2-dimensional data that has undergone a binarization operation, removes the at least one control bit added during the recording, and demodulates the data according to a modulation rule used during the recording.
|OPTICAL HEAD DEVICE AND OPTICAL INFORMATION RECORDING OR REPRODUCING APPARATUS WITH THE SAME - [Problems] An optical head device and an optical information recording or reproducing apparatus are provided to detect an excellent track error signal for two-layer optical recording medium.
|OPTICAL PICKUP APPARATUS AND OBJECTIVE OPTICAL ELEMENT - A light flux from the first light source forms a converged spot on first optical information recording medium by only a refraction action of the aspheric surface, or by a combination of the refraction action and an optical action given by at least one of the first phase structure and the second phase structure, a light flux from the second light source forms a converged spot on second optical recording medium by a combination of a refraction action of the aspheric surface and an optical action given by at least one of the first phase structure and the second phase structure, and a light flux from the third light source forms a converged spot on third optical recording medium by a combination of a refraction action of the aspheric surface and an optical action given by at least one of the first phase structure and the second phase structure.
|OPTICAL PICKUP APPARATUS - An optical pickup apparatus comprising: a diffraction grating configured to diffract laser light from a laser diode so that signals recorded in first and second optical discs are selectively reproduced, thicknesses of protective layers between surfaces and signal recording surfaces of the first and second optical discs being different from each other; a polarization beam splitter configured to divide laser light from the diffraction grating into first and second laser lights whose light amounts are substantially the same; a first objective lens configured to focus the first laser light onto the signal recording surface of the first optical disc; a second objective lens configured to focus the second laser light onto the signal recording surface of the second optical disc; and a photodetector configured to be applied with return lights of the first and second laser lights reflected from the signal recording surfaces of the first and second optical discs.
|OPTICAL INFORMATION RECORDING MEDIUM, OPTICAL INFORMATION RECORDING/REPRODUCING APPARATUS, AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING OPTICAL INFORMATION RECORDING MEDIUM - An optical information recording medium, which has recording layers that include substrates of the same thickness and that correspond to laser light at two difference wavelength, has excellent compatibility.
|OPTICAL DISK REPRODUCING DEVICE - An optical disk reproduction apparatus according to the present invention is an optical disk reproduction apparatus capable of reading information from the NBCA of an optical disk
|OPTICAL INFORMATION RECORDING/REPRODUCING DEVICE - An optical information recording/reproducing device is provided with a first light source
|OPTICAL DISC APPARATUS, METHOD OF CONTROLLING THE SAME, AND INFORMATION STORAGE MEDIUM - An optical disc apparatus includes an optical pickup for outputting an output signal according to reflected light from an optical disc medium and a comparison signal output unit for outputting a comparison signal indicating whether a level of the output signal is higher than a threshold value, relatively moves an objective lens with respect to a surface of the medium within a predetermined range to measure a maximum level of the output signal, sets a value determined according to the maximum level as a threshold value used by the comparison signal output unit, and measures a level of a reflected signal corresponding to reflected light from each of a plurality of signal surfaces based on the output signal in a time period in which the comparison signal indicates that the level of the output signal is higher than the set threshold value, while moving the objective lens.
|OPTICAL DISC AND OPTICAL DISC APPARATUS - A multilayer optical disc has dimples and/or bumps on a surface of at least one of the layers. Dimensions of the dimples and/or bumps, such as size, frequency and pitch, are selected to generate frequency components in light reflected from the surface that are different from frequency of servo and/or information signals. A disc drive can then use an appropriate filter to remove signals produced by light reflections of an unintended layer.
|M-ary Orthogonal Keying System - A digital modulation system provides enhanced multipath performance by using modified orthogonal codes with reduced autocorrelation sidelobes while maintaining the cross-correlation properties of the modified codes. For example, the modified orthogonal codes can reduce the autocorrelation level so as not to exceed one-half the length of the modified orthogonal code. In certain embodiments, an M-ary orthogonal keying (MOK) system is used which modifies orthogonal Walsh codes using a complementary code to improve the auto-correlation properties of the Walsh codes, thereby enhancing the multipath performance of the MOK system while maintaining the orthogonality and low cross-correlation characteristics of the Walsh codes.
|METHOD FOR ESTIMATING TRANSMISSION DELAY AND RECEIVER USING THE SAME - There is provided a receiver for processing a ranging channel. The receiver includes a Fourier transformer for transforming a received signal into a frequency domain signal, a ranging channel extraction and ranging code elimination unit for extracting a ranging channel from the frequency domain signal, and eliminating a code of a ranging code from the ranging channel and a ranging channel processor for estimating transmission delay or transmission power from a time domain signal. By estimating transmission delay and/or transmission power in a time domain, it is possible to rapidly and accurately adjust the transmission delay and transmission power intensity in the ranging procedure.
|METHOD OF AND A SYSTEM FOR AUTONOMOUSLY IDENTIFYING WHICH NODE IN A TWO-NODE SYSTEM HAS FAILED - A method of and a system for autonomously identifying which node in a two-node system has failed are described. The system includes two nodes and a fault-tolerant communication fabric. The fabric defines a plurality of communication paths connecting the two nodes, and fault-tolerant loop-back communication in which each node can send a message to itself utilizing at least one switch structure of the fabric. In addition, each of the two nodes includes logic for performing the service; logic for testing the functionality of the respective node; logic for sending test result messages to both nodes; fault-isolation logic for analyzing test result messages from both nodes; and logic for disabling the other node from performing the service only if the fault-isolation logic determines that the respective node is capable of successfully performing the service and also determines that the other node is incapable of successfully performing the service.
|METHOD AND SYSTEM MAKING IT POSSIBLE TO MANAGE ERRATIC INTERRUPTIONS IN A TRANSMISSION SYSTEM - Method and system are disclosed for managing erratic interruptions in a transmission system where the messages to be transmitted are composed of data packets and are expressed by means of a polynomial of degree t−1. The senders and the receivers share information making it possible to reference the data packets. In the course of the transmission of a message represented by a polynomial P, at least t points Ai are generated and P(Ai) of the polynomial P is evaluated, with t′ greater than or equal to t. The evaluations P(Ai) are transmitted of the t′ points to the receiver or receivers concerned, with information allowing the receivers to detect the transmission errors. Each receiver verifies that it has received t valid evaluations, that is to say free of transmission errors, uses the information referencing the packets and the t valid evaluations P(Ai) of the polynomial to determine the points Ai, and on the basis of the P(Ai) and of the Ai and determines the polynomial P used and on the basis of said polynomial deduces the message therefrom.
|DISTRIBUTED COMMUNICATION SYSTEM AND CORRESPONDING COMMUNICATION METHOD - In order to further develop a communication system (
|Ring Network Routing Method and Ring Network Node - The present invention discloses a method for routing in a ring network, the ring network comprising multiple connected nodes, wherein, the method includes: each node in the ring network acquiring topology information of the ring network, obtaining under-ring routings learnt by the other nodes from a under-ring network, calculating a main path and a backup path to each routing according to the acquired topology information of the ring network, creating an FRR switch table, and switching between the main path and the backup path according to the FRR switch table when a failure occurs in the ring network. Accordingly, the present invention also provides a node in the ring network. Adopting technical scheme provided by the present invention, a simple routing implementation for ring network and fast convergence when a failure occurs can be provided.
|Communication apparatus and path switching method - In a communication apparatus on a network having ring topology and connecting plural communication apparatuses such that adjacent communication apparatuses are connected through plural lines, a first detecting unit detects failure occurring in a line included in a relay path set between the communication apparatus and another communication apparatus on the network. When the first detecting unit detects failure, a switching unit switches the relay path to a relay path connecting the communication apparatuses on the network in a direction opposite to the relay path originally set. A second detecting unit detects failure occurring in a line included in the relay path switched to by the switching unit; and when the second detecting unit detects failure, a resetting unit resets the relay path using a line where no failure has been detected.
|TRANSMISSION SYSTEM, PATH CONTROL METHOD AND TRANSMISSION DEVICE - The present invention is a transmission system, a path control method, and a transmission device, and is the path control method in the transmission system forming a virtual concatenation group by virtually concatenating each path signal transmitted through a plurality of paths being a logical communication path, which manages an active state and a stand-by state of member paths of the virtual concatenation group and when there is abnormality in any of the member paths in the active state, controls any of the member paths in the stand-by state to the active state in place of the abnormal member path, thereby realizing more flexible and efficient path level redundancy.
|METHOD OF BALANCING WIRELESS LOAD AND ACCESS CONTROLLER - The present invention discloses a method of balancing wireless load and an Access Controller (AC). The method includes: receiving by an Access Controller (AC) an association request of joining an Access Port (AP) sent by a Station (STA); calculating wireless load of the AP that the STA requests to join; determining whether one or more preset conditions are met, if the one or more present conditions are met, accepting the association request sent by the STA; otherwise, rejecting the association request sent by the STA. In the present invention, when an AP's wireless load is too large, STAs can be distributed to other APs, thereby optimizing load balance in the Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN).
|Sharing A Radio Frequency Interface Resource - Applications may seek access to a radio frequency interface resource on a processor-based system that exceeds the available capacity of that resource. When more than one application needs access to an RF interface resource at the same time and the available capacity of the RF interface resource does not permit all these requests to be granted, contention resolution may be provided. In one embodiment, the contention resolution may involve determining the priority of each application seeking RF interface resource access and granting access based on that priority.
|End-Host Based Network Management System - An end-host based network management system and methods are described. The methods are performed independently at each end-host within the network based on data on local flows which is shared between end-hosts. In an embodiment, an end-host shares data on constrained local flows with other end-hosts and receives such data from other end-hosts. Based on this data, the end-host determines which flows from other nodes are competing for a shared resource with a constrained local flow and allocates the capacity of the shared resource between all the competing flows. This allocation is then enforced for the local flow by the end-host. Other end-hosts with competing flows perform similar methods and through an iterative process the contention for the shared resource is resolved and the utilization of the shared resource is optimized.
|METHOD AND APPARATUS TO INDEX NETWORK TRAFFIC META-DATA - A method, system, and apparatus for indexing network traffic meta-data is disclosed. In one embodiment, a method includes identifying a packet having a header and a payload in a flow of a data through a network, classifying the header of the packet in a type of the header, determining an algorithm to extract a meta-data (e.g., which may be stored in a database of the storage device, and the storage device may be limited in a storage capacity) having information relevant to network traffic visibility based on the type of the header, extracting the meta-data from the header, and streaming the meta-data to a storage device. The method may include applying a last recently used algorithm to discard information from the storage device when storage device is limited in the storage capacity. The method may also include determining that the type of the header is an Ethernet header.
|METHOD, ACCESS POINT AND MOBILE STATION FOR IMPLEMENTING LOAD SHARING AMONG ACCESS POINTS - The present invention discloses a method for implementing load sharing among Access Points (AP), the method is applied in a wireless network including at least one Load Sharing Service (LSS), and each LSS includes at least two APs, the method includes: when receiving from a mobile Station (STA) an LSS message including information of at least one AP belonging to the same LSS and being available for the STA to access, by an AP: selecting at least one AP to be accessed by the STA from the at least one AP belonging to the same LSS and being available for the STA to access according to a predefined strategy for load sharing and load status of each AP belonging to the same LSS. The present invention further provides an AP and STA. The effect of load sharing among APs can be improved adopting the present invention.
|SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR MOBILITY IN MULTIHOP NETWORKS - A network controller (NC) (
|RADIO COMMUNICATION SYSTEM - In a radio communication system having a data channel for the transmission of data packets from a primary station to a secondary station, a plurality of downlink control channels are used to signal information relating to packet transmission. A problem with this scheme is that with a fixed control channel allocation system throughput (T) for a given offered load (O) can be significantly reduced in a worst case scenario (for example two secondary stations using the same control channel). One solution uses an indicator signal to inform a secondary station of the control channel it should receive, but this adds significant complexity to the system. The present invention provides a simpler scheme having similar benefits by shuffling the allocation of control channels to secondary stations, according to a defined sequence for each secondary station, thereby avoiding the worst case scenario.
|ROBUST DEFRAMING OF MAC LAYER PACKET FOR MEDIAFLO SYSTEMS - A technique for finding errors in the fragment headers of the fragments of service layer packets without depending on the erasure indicators of Medium Access Channel (MAC) layer packets of a wireless signal in a wireless communication system, wherein method comprises determining if length of the fragment header is between 121 and 127; determining if length of the fragment header is equal to 127, and if the fragment header is not the last fragment header in a service layer packet being formed; determining if summation of length of the fragment header for a value N is greater than 122 subtracted by number of fragments collected from a MAC layer packet including fragment header; and determining if fragment header is not the last fragment header in the service layer packet being formed, and if fragment header length is less than residual number of bytes in the MAC layer packet.
|MULTI-ROUTER IGP FATE SHARING - A method for routing communication traffic in a network includes detecting that a link in a parallel link configuration has failed and in response to detecting that the link in the parallel link configuration has failed, adjusting one or more metrics associated with other links in the parallel link configuration to indicate that none of the links in the parallel configuration are available. A router connected to a direct link in a parallel link configuration including one or more other routers connected to one or more indirect links, respectively, includes a memory storing configuration parameters specifying a minimum number of links required to be operational in the parallel link configuration and an artificially high cost, and a link metric adjustment module operable to set a metric of the direct link to the artificially high cost until the minimum number of required links are operational after startup of the router or failure and reactivation of the direct link.
|AUTOMATIC PROBLEM ISOLATION FOR MULTI-LAYER NETWORK FAILURES - A method and apparatus includes automatically correlating indicators already generated by network components to detect and isolate failures that are caused by or related to network components operating on different layers of the open system interconnect (OSI) model. Failure indicators that persist for longer than a specified time window are automatically detected and correlated with one another based on a topology table. The method uses indicators already generated by the network components, obviating the need for software that typically resides on and consumes valuable processing time of network components.
|Backplane Interface Adapter with Error Control and Redundant Fabric - A backplane interface adapter with error control and redundant fabric for a high-performance network switch. The error control may be provided by an administrative module that includes a level monitor, a stripe synchronization error detector, a flow controller, and a control character presence tracker. The redundant fabric transceiver of the backplane interface adapter improves the adapter's ability to properly and consistently receive narrow input cells carrying packets of data and output wide striped cells to a switching fabric.
|MEASUREMENT MANAGING APPARATUS AND COMMUNICATION SYSTEM - A test packet transmitting apparatus transmits respective test packets including different pieces of identification information to a repeating installation. The repeating installation makes a predetermined number of copies of each test packet received from the test packet transmitting apparatus to be transmitted to a test packet receiving apparatus, and determines the predetermined number of copies as a population to measure a communication quality. The test packet receiving device counts the received test packets according to each type of identification information.
|CAPTURE AND REGENERATION OF A NETWORK DATA USING A VIRTUAL SOFTWARE SWITCH - Methods and a system of capture and regeneration of a network data using a virtual software switch are disclosed. In an embodiment, a method includes capturing a network data using a virtual software switch, a processor, and a memory. The network data is captured to perform a network visibility analysis and the network data is communicated to at least one port of the virtual software switch. The method includes forming a stored network data in a memory. The method also includes regenerating the stored network data to form a reconstructed data.
|METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR SENDING INFORMATION VIA SELECTION OF RESOURCES USED FOR TRANSMISSION - Techniques for transmitting information in a wireless network are described. In an aspect, information may be conveyed based on specific resources used to send a signal, e.g., a pilot. A pseudo-random function may receive the information to convey via the signal and possibly other information and may provide pseudo-random values, which may be used to select the resources to use to send the signal. In one design, a transmitter (e.g., a base station for a sector) may determine first information (e.g., a sector ID) to convey via a pilot and may also determine second information for absolute time (e.g. a pilot cycle index). The transmitter may determine resources (e.g., slots) to use to send the pilot based on the first and second information and possibly based further on a PN offset assigned to the sector. The transmitter may transmit the pilot in the determined resources.
|Controlling Access to a Destination in a Data Processing Network - A method and system of controlling access to a destination (
|METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR DETECTING ATTENUATION OF DOWNLINK CHANNEL IN BASEBAND EPCN SYSTEM - The present invention discloses a method and apparatus for detecting attenuation of a downlink channel in a baseband Ethernet Passive Coaxial Network (EPCN) system. The method includes: instructing, by a Coax Line Terminal (CLT) in a downlink time period, a Coax Network Unit (CNU) to measure a signal received by the CNU; and obtaining, by the CLT, the attenuation of the downlink channel of the CNU according to a measuring result sent by the CNU. Through the solution provided by the present invention, it is possible to obtain the attenuation of the downlink from the CLT to any CNU in the EPCN system, which facilitates engineers to locate problems and settle network troubles.
|DETECTION METHOD, APPARATUS AND SYSTEM FOR POSITIONING INTERFERENCE - The present invention discloses a detection method, apparatus and system for positioning interference. The method, being applied in an EPCN including a CLT and at least one CNU connected to the CLT, includes: a CLT receiving from a CNU a packet at each uplink time slot, each CNU having a unique CNU identifier and a unique uplink time slot and determining when receiving a packet in error the CNU identifier corresponding to the uplink time slot for receiving the packet in error to position the CNU being interfered, so that the network management server can acquire physical information of the user having installed the CNU, and further accurately determine the interference source and quickly remove the failure point.
|TELECOMMUNICATIONS APPARATUS AND METHOD, STORAGE MEDIUM, AND PROGRAM - The present invention relates to a telecommunications apparatus and a method, a storage medium, and a program for determining whether or not an other side communicating apparatus is near in a network. In a transmitting apparatus, a transmitting unit transmits a sending-message, and a control unit receives a response message to the sending-message, which includes acknowledgement information based on shared data and transmission information in the sending-message. The transmitting apparatus also includes a first judging unit that judges whether a response time of the acknowledgement message is less than a predetermined time. A receiving apparatus includes a generating unit that generates the acknowledgment information and transmits the response message to the transmitting apparatus.
|SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR PLANNING COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS - A method for planning a multi-phase network includes storing initial parameter values for parameters associated with first and second growth phases in a multi-phase network plan, wherein each of the first and second growth phases is characterized by sets of the parameters. The method also includes calculating an initial growth scenario including the first and second growth phases based on the initial parameter values, and adjusting a value for at least one of the parameters to produce a modified parameter value. The method further includes automatically calculating a new growth scenario based on the modified parameter value and at least a portion of the initial parameter values, and displaying the new growth scenario. A computer readable medium for implementing the method described herein is also provided.
|Method for optimizing network "Point of Presence" locations - A methodology for optimizing the placement of network "Points of Presence" (POPs) across the carrier's entire network (i.e., a "global" solution") utilizes carefully constructed customer clustering and simulated annealing methodology to create a cost-efficient solution. The customer base is first partitioned into a plurality of clusters such that the customers within each cluster are closer to its centroid than the centroid of any other cluster (e.g., applying the k-means clustering algorithm or any other suitable method of partitioning the customer base). A linear algorithm process is used to minimize the costs associated with the number of placement of POPs within each cluster. A simulated annealing (SA) process is then used to iterate the entire set of potential POP locations until a compact, steady-state solution is achieved (or, alternatively, until a given number of iterations has been performed). In a preferred embodiment, a number of iterations are performed at each "temperature" in the simulating annealing process to further improve the result (this iterative process referred to in the art as "intensification").
|PROCEDURE FOR INITIAL ACCESS - A method for accessing a wireless communication network includes transmitting a first message that has a first random identifier (RAND ID), and receiving a response to the first message such that the response includes the first RAND ID and signaling information. The method further includes transmitting a second message, having a second RAND ID, using at least one allocated resource. An alternative method includes communicating with a UE by receiving a first message from the UE. The first message includes a first RAND ID. The method further includes transmitting to the UE a response to the first message, and receiving a second message from the UE on at least one allocated resource. Typically, the response includes the first RAND ID and signaling information, and the second message comprises a second RAND ID.
|Network connection device and collection/distribution device - A network connection device for connecting an asynchronous network having a link aggregation function to a synchronous network comprises: a first mapping/demapping unit which maps asynchronous network frames, flowing from the asynchronous network to the synchronous network on a plurality of links redundantly configured using the link aggregation function, into synchronous network frames, and which demaps asynchronous network frames mapped into synchronous network frames flowing from the synchronous network to the asynchronous network on the plurality of links into synchronous network frames; and a collection/distribution unit which collects the asynchronous network frames, mapped into the synchronous network frames on the plurality of links, into an asynchronous network frame mapped into a synchronous network frame on a single link, and which, in accordance with a prescribed rule, distributes an asynchronous network frame, mapped into a synchronous network frame on the single link and flowing from the synchronous network to the asynchronous network, among the asynchronous network frames mapped into the synchronous network frames on the plurality of links, and supplies the thus mapped asynchronous network frames to the first mapping/demapping unit.
|SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR MERGING CLUSTERS OF WIRELESS NODES IN A WIRELESS NETWORK - A system includes a first cluster having multiple first wireless nodes. One first node is configured to act as a first cluster master, and other first nodes are configured to receive time synchronization information provided by the first cluster master. The system also includes a second cluster having one or more second wireless nodes. One second node is configured to act as a second cluster master, and any other second nodes configured to receive time synchronization information provided by the second cluster master. The system further includes a manager configured to merge the clusters into a combined cluster. One of the nodes is configured to act as a single cluster master for the combined cluster, and the other nodes are configured to receive time synchronization information provided by the single cluster master.
|WIRELESS DATA COMMUNICATIONS NETWORK SYSTEM FOR TRACKING CONTAINERS - A wireless data communications network system for establishing communication between a server and a plurality of containers that are loaded onto a cargo vessel. The system includes a data communications device configured to establish and manage a pre-configured wireless data communications network and to communicate with the server through a local area network, and a plurality of electronic tracking devices each having a wireless transceiver and routing capabilities and configured to be joined to a container and to connect to the wireless data communications network upon being activated. The data communications device is configured to intermittently perform a network scan to locate each tracking device connected to the network and reconfigure the network topology to include each connected tracking devices such that the data communications device maintains mutual communication with each connected tracking device using the routing capabilities of the tracking devices.
|Filtering of map topology based on network discovery characteristics - Embodiments of the present application enable a user to map a network topology and to then dynamically filter the map display by hiding or showing nodes based on discovery characteristics, such as Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) status, Active Directory (AD) Domain Controllers (DC) status, group membership status, etc. to allow customization of maps views. In particular, a topology mapping is formed by collecting topology data of a network and storing this topology data. Filtering criteria are received from a user, and the stored topology data is filtered using this received filtering criteria. The filtered topology data is then displayed to the user.
|Sounding Reference Signal Cell Specific Sub-Frame Configuration - A method of wireless communication including a plurality of fixed basestations and a plurality of mobile user equipment with each basestation transmitting to any user equipment within a corresponding cell a sounding reference signal sub-frame configuration indicating sub-frames when sounding is permitted. Each user equipment recognizes the sounding reference signal sub-frame configuration and sounds only at permitted sub-frames. Differing cells may have differing sounding reference signal sub-frame configurations. There are numerous manners to encode the transmitted information.
|METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR CONFIGURING SERVICES IN A MOBILE TERMINAL OF A MOBILE RADIO NETWORK - A method and apparatus for configuring services in a mobile terminal of a mobile radio network. Configuration data for services in the mobile terminal is updated by means of a data-switching network element and a data-storage network element, data being transmitted by means of existing signalling or system messages of the mobile radio network.
|Automatic gain control apparatus and method in a wireless communication system - An apparatus and method for adaptively adjusting a target Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) for Automatic Gain Control (AGC) in a full-duplex relay apparatus with an interference cancellation function. A Signal to Interference Ratio (SIR) estimation block estimates an SIR based on an interference signal estimated from a received signal and an interference-cancelled signal determined by cancelling the estimated interference signal from the received signal. A target RSSI determination block determines a target RSSI according to the estimated SIR. An AGC block adjusts a gain for the received signal based on the determined target RSSI.
|CALIBRATING RADIOFREQUENCY PATHS OF A PHASED-ARRAY ANTENNA - The present invention provides a method of calibrating base station comprising a plurality of antennas and operating in an Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplex (OFDM) and Time Division Duplex (TDD) mode. One embodiment of the method includes a method of calibrating a base station comprising a plurality of antennas for beamsteering forward link traffic data to a target mobile in a TDD wireless communication system. Each antenna is connected to a corresponding radio via a transmit/receive switch that is configured to switch between a receive path and a transmit path. The method includes transmitting a first signal from a first radio via a first cross-over cable coupled to the first radio and a second radio such that the first signal is received by the second radio. The method also includes transmitting a second signal from the second radio via a second cross-over cable coupled between the first and second radios such that the second signal is received by the first radio. The method further includes determining, based on at least one of the first or second signals, a relative weight that can be applied to traffic signals transmitted from the second radio.
|METHOD FOR FACILITATING SHARING OF CHANNEL INFORMATION IN A WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORK - A method of operation of a node for obtaining channel information in a wireless communication network is disclosed. The method includes receiving periodically, information related to channel assessment capability of plurality of nodes of the wireless communication network, maintaining a metric characterizing the channel assessment capability for each of the plurality of nodes based on the received channel assessment capability, selecting at least one node from the plurality of nodes by comparing the metric of each of the plurality of nodes, sending a request for channel information to the selected node and receiving channel information from the selected node.
|Receiver for Audio Player - An accessory for use with an existing portable electronic device has a housing that removably couples to a housing of the existing portable electronic device such that the accessory and portable electronic device function and can be portably carried as a single unit. A tunable FM radio receiver in the housing receives an FM broadcast signal and produces a broadcast audio output. A connector on the housing electrically connects the broadcast audio output to a corresponding connector on the device. Application software residing on the device utilizes an internet connection of the device to download digital content related to the broadcast audio output and display the digital content on a display of the device.
|WIRELESS NETWORK HOST IN SILENT MODE - An access point that implements operating modes in which beacons may be selectively disabled. Beacons may be disabled when no device is actively associated through the access point. Beacons may be enabled in response to one or more triggers, which may include events such as a client forming an association through the access point following a probe request message identifying the access point. In addition, active beaconing may be triggered by user input or may occur during periodic brief intervals that allow client devices to discover the network identifier for the access point. Selective control of beaconing may lead to more effective wireless communication, particularly in areas where users congregate with computers implementing soft APs for personal networks.
|RADIO COMMUNICATION APPARATUS, RADIO COMMUNICATION METHOD, PROGRAM AND RADIO COMMUNICATION SYSTEM - A radio communication apparatus, including a communication control part that controls direct communication or relay communication via a base station with other radio communication apparatuses, a data generation part that generates a mode transition notification to notify the other radio communication apparatuses, which are targets of the direct communication, of a transition to a power thrifty mode or a switching request, notification to request switching from the direct communication to the relay communication via the base station, and the mode transition notification to the base station, and a mode control part that causes the transition of an operation mode to the power thrifty mode after all responses to the mode transition notification and the switching request notification are received.
|Method and Device for the Dynamic Setting up and Control of Temporarily Formed Communications Groups with Secure Transmission - A method and a device for the dynamic setting up and control of temporarily formed communications groups with secure transmission, in which nodes potentially participating in a communications group are connected via a common transmission medium. The transmission medium enables an efficient transmission of so-called broad- and/or multicast-messages. The dynamic and automatic setting up of a communications group is then carried out in the following steps: From an initiator node a broadcast message is first sent out, which includes at least one group identifier, an identifier and address of the initiator node, and information about the communications group. This message is analyzed by all nodes accessible via the transmission medium and thereby authenticated by the initiator nodes. From those nodes that are participating in the communications group, a unicast message with at least their identifier and address is sent back to the initiator node. The participating nodes are authenticated by the initiator node by the receipt of the unicast messages, and unicast messages with at least one multicast-identifier and a security key are then sent to the participating nodes. An asymmetric encryption system for example can be used for the authentication.
|DISCONTINUOUSLY TRANSMITTING AND RECEIVING MULTIMEDIA BROADCAST/MULTICAST SERVICE DATA IN MOBILE COMMUNICATION SYSTEM - Discontinuous transmission and reception of point-to-multipoint service data between a network and a mobile terminal is achieved by transmitting scheduling information from the network to the mobile terminal via a first common channel. The mobile terminal determines a time for receiving the service data in response to the scheduling information and discontinuously receives the service data through a second common channel.
|METHOD FOR RETRANSMITTING MULTICAST FRAMES AND METHOD FOR PROCESSING RECEIVED MULTICAST FRAMES IN WIRELESS NETWORK - A method for retransmitting a multicast frame in a wireless network and a method for de
|WIRELESS DATA COMMUNICATION METHOD AND WIRELESS DATA COMMUNICATION SYSTEM - The invention relates to a method for transmitting and receiving data packets between a master device (
|METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR MITIGATING OSCILLATION BETWEEN REPEATERS - A first repeater operating within a wireless network including a second repeater capable of communicating with the first repeater, and first and second wireless station devices capable of communicating with at least one of the first repeater and the second repeater, includes a reception device for receiving a wireless signal at a reception frequency; a detector for detecting if a predetermined portion of the received wireless signal includes a modified portion to thereby determine that the received signal is from the second repeater; and a transmission device for transmitting the wireless signal to one of the first and second wireless station devices at a transmission frequency to thereby repeat the wireless signal.
|Automatic detection and cofiguration in wireless networks - Automatic detection of access points and range extension points and automatic configuration may be used to eliminate a need for manual configuration.
|APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR TRANSMITTING AND RECEIVING DATA USING MULTI-PATH IN WIRELESS COMMUNICATION SYSTEM OF DISTRIBUTED MAC - Provided is an apparatus and method for transmitting and receiving data using multiple paths in a wireless communication system using a distributed Media Access Control (MAC). More particularly, provided is an apparatus and method for transmitting and receiving data that may select a path with a better channel status from multiple paths that include a direct path using a Line of Sight (LOS) and a relay path passing through a relay apparatus, in a wireless communication system that may transmit data via the LOS using a distributed MAC and a directional antenna.
|COMMUNICATION SYSTEM USING NETWORK BASE IP MOBILITY PROTOCOL, CONTROL APPARATUS, ROUTER AND COMMUNICATION METHOD THEREOF - There are provided a communication system, a control apparatus, a router, and communication method thereof, there are capable of eliminating loss in packets during a handover and effectively releasing a resource of a router in a network base IP mobility protocol in which a mobile mode is movable without mounting a special protocol. When an MN
|ADAPTIVE USE OF SATELLITE UPLINK BANDS - A method is presented for transmitting data in a satellite system having multiple spot beams comprising (1) sending a broadband signal in a forward direction from a gateway terminal to a communications satellite for relay to at least one subscriber terminal, (2) receiving the broadband signal at the communications satellite, wherein the communications satellite comprises a bent pipe repeater having a plurality of satellite-based transmission amplifiers, (3) using one of the plurality of satellite-based transmission amplifiers to amplify the broadband signal and no other broadband signal from the gateway terminal, to produce an amplified broadband signal, (4) sending the amplified broadband signal as one of a plurality of service spot beams to the at least one subscriber terminal, and (5) receiving and retrieving data from the amplified broadband signal at the at least one subscriber terminal.
|LARGE PACKET CONCATENATION IN SATELLITE COMMUNICATION SYSTEM - Upstream information arriving through a gateway from a user terminal in a satellite link subject to propagation delay is efficiently scheduled through a modified Demand Assigned Multiple Access (DAMA) algorithm such that arriving data packets arriving at the software queue at the user terminal are concatenated to form a large frame for transmission to improve efficiency. A piggyback request replacing a conventional DAMA contention request for the succeeding packet is issued to request bandwidth allocation for the succeeding concatenated packet. In a specific embodiment, all packets up to the physical request limit arriving at the user terminal since a prior piggyback request or contention request are concatenated so that all currently known packets (up to that limit) are accounted for by the next piggyback request.
|MAP-TRIGGERED DUMP OF PACKETS IN SATELLITE COMMUNICATION SYSTEM - Upstream information arriving through a user terminal in a satellite link is efficiently scheduled through a modified Demand Assigned Multiple Access (DAMA) algorithm such that data packets arriving at the user terminal are concatenated to form a larger frame for transmission and the concatenated packet is held in a first queue disposed ahead of a second queue, where the data in the second queue cannot be modified (typically a hardware queue), sufficient to allow the second queue to be emptied. In a specific embodiment, all packets arriving at the user terminal since a prior piggyback request are concatenated so that all currently known packets (up to a preselected limit) are accounted for by each succeeding piggyback request. Since it is desirable to concatenate all packets that arrive at the user terminal since the last piggyback request, the piggyback request according to the invention covers all currently known packets (up to the preselected limit) in the user terminal. The held-back packets are released or dumped to the second queue by a trigger operative according to a map, the map being a grant allocation schedule. This mechanism handles instances where the second queue is not able to handle all known packets.
|WEB-BULK TRANSFER PREALLOCATION OF UPSTREAM RESOURCES IN A SATELLITE COMMUNICATION SYSTEM - In a data over satellite system, preallocation of upstream channel resources is provided by a scheduler at the gateway satellite modem termination system (SMTS) in response from the user terminal, wherein the user terminal detects web browser and/or bulk transfers involving large amounts of data transfer from users via the upstream channel. A type length value (TLV) field is included with data packets transmitted to the gateway SMTS, at which excess transfer capability is allocated to the user terminal in anticipation of load requirements.
|UPFRONT DELAYED CONCATENATION IN SATELLITE COMMUNICATION SYSTEM - Upstream information at a user terminal in a satellite network is efficiently scheduled through a Demand Assigned Multiple Access (DAMA) algorithm that delays transmission of the first packet's bandwidth allocation request in order to allow subsequent packets to be included in the first packet's bandwidth allocation request (up-front delayed concatenation) in order to minimize delay due to the long round trip time and overhead in packet processing and packet transmission through a hardware queue. Rather than merely the size of the next packet, the size of the entire concatenated frame is communicated to the scheduler, which may be distributed between the user satellite modem and the gateway, to prepare the schedule, where the schedule is the basis of the upstream transmission of the various associated user terminals. Optimal delay is a function of traffic pattern and the scheduling delay including round-trip delay.
|MULTI-USER DETECTION IN SATELLITE RETURN LINK - Use of multi-user detection (MUD) with a frequency-multiplexed satellite return link (scheduling algorithms, etc) is described. The satellite return link may utilize multi-frequency time division multiple access (MF-TDMA). The satellite return link may include a plurality of return sub-channels, wherein one or more of the return sub-channels may operate in a contention mode during some time periods and a non-contention mode at different time periods.
|High Data Rate Multiplexing Satellite Stream to Low Data Rate Subscriber Terminals - A satellite modem for broadband communication. The satellite modem receives a satellite signal on a single carrier from a satellite. The satellite signal is divided by time division multiplexing into physical sub-channels encapsulating logical downstreams. The satellite modem includes a filter which removes a subset of the physical sub-channels intended for the subscriber terminal. The satellite modem includes a demodulator, a decoder, and a medium access channel. The MAC processes the logical downstreams.


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MCM Electronics is starting off February with a number of great new products. Take a look at our video above for an overview of all the latest and then see the links below for all the details!
Join Michael & Geoffe for a rundown of the latest products available from MCM Electronics!
Join us for a rundown of the latest products available from MCM Electronics!
Make sure all of your batteries fresh in all of your devices by swapping out the batteries during the time change!
Buy Batteries Now
You get great headphones, plus help out a great cause! We will give a $1 Donation for each pair sold in October to Pink Ribbon Girls.
Buy Now Only $12.99!
When I built my original Raspberry Pi Tablet (aka the "PiPad"), one of the hardest (and most expensive) things to source was a Pi compatible touchscreen that could run on 5V. As far as I know, there is only one supplier and from according to many makers who are trying to build a PiPad. They are frequently out of stock.
The Raspberry Pi Educators RoadTest is well under way and just a week before the contest ends on January 30th we have seen quite a few great blog posts from our participants. Please follow all of the action on our blog and on the element14 STEM Academy page. One of these three STEM educators will be chosen to win a 3D printer based on their project!
For a full description and list of rules for the Raspberry Pi RoadTest please see the Raspberry Pi Educators RoadTest Page on element14
In the November 2014 issue of Nuts and Volts Magazine Chris Savage put together an article highlighting the most useful tools on his workstation. We were very pleased to see that he included our Fluorescent Magnifier Lamp (21-935) in his list of tools that he feels are essential. - "The last tool on my bench that I want to mention is my magnifying lamp. When working on small parts - especially SMD components - this lamp comes in very handy. I picked it up from MCM Electronics for under $50 and it is very solid."
To help better explain the MCM Electronics Raspberry Pi Model B+ kits we have created videos detailing what is included in each kit and some of their details.
Per the graph above, we learned that while the Pro Elec battery had a lower initial voltage, it lasted longer. Great. That's simple. But there's more to it.
Because batteries are used in millions of different applications, there will be instances where having a higher initial power output will be better. We'll try to qualify some of these instances below.
Recently, we started carrying our own line of Pro-Elec batteries, and around the office we were wondering how they really stack up against the major brands.
We had the discharge rates and expected run-times from the data-sheets, and most major brands do publish power-curves, but those didn't really give a good head to head comparison. So I grabbed an Arduino, Data-Logger Shield, and a few packs of AA size batteries from stock and got to work.

subset: commoncrawl


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UK Appliance
UK Appliance Repair Questions? Ask a Technician for Answers ASAP
When you say "sounds like it's about to start the wash then it stops" what exactly does the appliance do?
Normally it sounds like it is gearing up to begin turning, then it would turn. Now, it sounds like it's about to turn then it just stops.
Sorry, I'm really having trouble understanding this bit.
Does the drum move at all when this noise comes? even a small amount?
OK, thanks for that.
There is a strong possibility that the motor is at fault here.
Unplug the appliance and take the rear panel off.
Check the wiring to the motor.
If ok, take the motor plug out and take the belt off.
Take the bolts holding the motor to the tub out.
Take the motor out and check the carbon brushes.
If worn or broken, replace them.
If stuck, free them off.
Refit the motor, the plug and the belt.
Try the machine again.
Hope this helps
Let me know how it goes or if you need more help
It's straight forward taking it apart and just retrace your steps to reassemble.
Putting the belt back on is a bit of a challenge, just fit it to the motor first, then to the pulley, turn the pulley and when it's at it's tightest, turn it a bit more and the belt should jump on.
Good luck with it.


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I'm creating my first plugin for Sublime (having fun doing it too) and I've come across something that I think should be easy. I need to be able to detect the syntax being used and create a comment based on that language. I think it could have something to do with the Comments.tmPreferences file, but I'm not quite sure how to determine the language and then grab that file. If someone could point me in the right direction I would really appreciate it!
I just found:
view.meta_info("shellVariables", pt)
I think this might be of help to me!
I have it figured out! I took a look at the default package's comment.py file in Sublime to see how they were creating comments. I used some of that logic in my plugin. Now I have my first plugin! It's a very simple one (obviously, for a first one) that adds the path and file name of the file your working on as a comment wherever your cursor is. You can check it out at https://github.com/jtwebb/WPath. Feedback is always welcome


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A week into their investigation, public health officials are stressing there is no evidence linking an E. coli outbreak in the St. Louis area to salad bars at Schnucks Markets.
Even though some of the 35 people in the St. Louis area who have fallen ill say they ate food from various Schnucks Markets salad bars before becoming sick, health officials say they are still looking at a wide variety of possible contamination sources.
No one has died, but nine people have been admitted to area hospitals.
St. Louis media reports that officials are focusing on the Schnucks salad bars are worded "a little strong," John Shelton, St. Louis County Health Department spokesman, said on Nov. 1.
"Some patients have said that they ate there but none of the tests (from Schnucks) have come back positive," Shelton said.
In an Oct. 31 news release, Schnucks officials said the company's food safety team had recommended swift preemptive action just in case. "All items in question" have been removed from the chain's salad bars, according to the release. Schnucks operates 66 stores in St. Louis and surrounding areas.
Shelton said public health investigators from the county, state and federal Centers for Disease Control and Prevention are interviewing the sick people to try to find a common thread linking them.
Four staffers from the CDC arrived in St. Louis Oct. 28 to help with the investigation, which spans the metro area in addition to St. Charles, Jefferson and St. Louis counties in Missouri and St. Claire County in Illinois.
"The interviews take more than an hour with each person," Shelton said. "It is a 37-page questionnaire."
Schnucks officials announced Oct. 26 that they were voluntarily pulling some items from salad bars at some stores.
"Once we heard that the health department had declared an outbreak, we took some proactive steps with our food safety team to switch products out that recent history told us could be potential sources," Schnucks spokeswoman Lori Willis said Oct. 28.
Different Schnucks locations took different precautions. One location pulled strawberries, lettuce and croutons out of its salad bar on Oct. 26. A downtown St. Louis Schnucks had already pulled some fresh-cut lettuce products because of an unrelated recall and posted a sign reassuring customers that its salad bar does not use lettuce involved in the recall.
Health officials became concerned Oct. 24 when multiple reports of E. coli started coming in. For the entire year of 2010 St. Louis County had only five reported cases of E. coli. Officials expect more people to become sick because the incubation time between exposure and onset of symptoms can be from one to 10 days.
About two dozen lab tests done so far show that samples from infected people and other sources, such food from their homes, have shiga toxin present. Shiga toxin is a byproduct from E. coli and generally indicates the pathogen is present. Specific tests for E. coli take several days in the lab before conclusive results are available. Tests are being conducted at the Missouri State Health Department laboratory.


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This is the first in a four-part series focusing on issues confronting Japan's growing foreign communities and their increasing impact on society as a whole.
Community ties held fast by the Internet are drawing people from faraway India to the Nishi-kasai enclave in Edogawa Ward, Tokyo.
Some 2,000 Indians in the area around the subway station, where a tenth of the entire Indian population of Japan resides, are linked in an Internet community.
In addition to two Indian schools, two Indian restaurants and two Indian grocers, area residents have at their fingertips 22 channels of Indian TV programs available via the Internet in Hindi and Punjabi.
It is estimated that 90 percent of the people in this neighborhood are either information technology engineers or their families.
And like many foreign communities in Japan, they have started to play an increasingly essential social role — namely easing what the Internal Affairs and Communications Ministry calls a critical shortfall of 500,000 IT workers.
"It's a seller's market," said Jagmohan Chandrani, chairman of the Indian Community of Edogawa, a social networking group. "An IT engineer can get a job in one minute. In one minute, (the same person) can change (to another) job."
For a long time, foreign residents played relatively marginal roles. But things are changing as Japan's population shrinks at a time when globalization and fluid labor markets are gaining force. Like no time before, Japan is finding that it needs foreigners as workers, long-term residents and even spouses.
According to government statistics, the number of registered foreign residents had grown by 50 percent over the past decade to 2.08 million in 2006, accounting for 1.63 percent of the total population. While a tiny fraction compared with many other industrialized countries, it is a record for Japan.
The foreign population is relatively young and disproportionately likely to wed in Japan. According to the Health, Labor and Welfare Ministry, in 2006 one in every 10 marriages in Tokyo's 23 wards was the union of a Japanese and a non-Japanese partner.
It is much the same across Japan. A record high 6.1 percent of marriages during the same period were international, more than three times the rate 20 years earlier, according to the ministry.
"The number of international couples can no longer be overlooked, as it has reached a level that will help maintain the Japanese population," wrote Masaaki Satake, a professor of economic policy at Nagoya Gakuin University and an expert on migration issues.
The foreign population is growing amid a decline in the native population that began in 2005. Some demographers predict native Japanese will be half their current number by 2100 if the birthrate decline continues.
Faced with that alarming forecast, the government, business leaders and scholars have long debated whether Japan should open its doors to unskilled laborers to shore up not just the workforce but also produce enough children to maintain economic growth and support an aging society.
Currently, most foreigners with permission to work in Japan are skilled. As a result, the proportion of registered foreigners is still much lower than in European countries: in Germany it's 9 percent, France 6 percent and Britain 4 percent.
On the one hand, many Japanese worry that opening the door to unskilled immigrants could cause security problems and wealth disparities, while threatening job security for Japanese workers. Such concerns have kept the national debate over immigration policy simmering.
In May, then Justice Minister Jinen Nagase proposed that for Japan to secure cheap labor, it should expand its "on-the-job trainee system," employing tens of thousands of young people mainly from China and other parts of Asia.
But Nagase's self-stated "private idea" was no welcome banner for the huddled masses yearning to get ahead, because, he said, people from other countries should not be enticed into long-term stays or settling.
Like it or not, however, the allure of the Japanese economy — the world's second-largest in terms of gross domestic product — makes any slowing of the tide unlikely.
What's more, having faced international pressure to accept more outsiders, the government in 1998 reduced the minimum required time needed to apply for permanent residence to 10 years from 20. The effect was dramatic. People with permanent residence status more than quadrupled from 93,364 in 1998 to 394,477 in 2006.
Among the newcomers, Filipinos are particularly eager to make Japan their home, with increasing numbers marrying Japanese or obtaining permanent residence independently.
In 2004, most Filipinos coming to Japan were women on "entertainer" visa status. Many worked at karaoke pubs or other after-hours businesses, according to experts and aid groups for Filipinos.
But after a crackdown on human trafficking, the government required Filipinos to undergo more stringent examinations to qualify for those visas.
In a measure clearly targeting the sex trade, new guidelines allow Japanese immigration officials to thoroughly investigate whether applicants have either worked two years in professional drama, singing or dance overseas, or completed at least that many years of study at a recognized school for the performing arts. Work contracts in Japan must also guarantee salaries of more than ¥200,000 a month.
This move led to a brief drop in the number of registered Filipino residents.
But by 2006, their numbers were rising again, boosted by a constant increase in the number of those married to Japanese and holders of permanent residence.
Nagoya Gakuin's Satake said thousands of Filipino women who have lived in Japan have already formed communities here. This attracts relatives and friends and encourages marriages with members of the host population.
A record 12,150 Filipino-Japanese couples took the vows in 2006 — eclipsing Chinese-Japanese pairs for first place among international marriages.
But there were also more reported cases of "paper marriages" intended only to bring Filipino women here to work, Satake said, but the number of such cases was unclear.
Although this kind of immigration clearly has its problems, trying to stem overall immigration to Japan would be attempting the impossible, he said. "I don't think you can stop the flow of people, nor do I think you should," he said. "If they come, the biggest agenda for Japan should be to prepare an environment comfortable both for Japanese and foreigners."


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Research, Computational Chemistry, cuDNN, Healthcare & Life Sciences, Higher Education / Academia, Machine Learning & Artificial Intelligence, Tesla
University of Notre Dame researchers developed a deep learning-based system that can accurately determine bond energies.
Read more
Features, Beginner, CUDA C++, Kepler, pascal, Unified Memory
My previous introductory post, "An Even Easier Introduction to CUDA C++", introduced the basics of CUDA programming by showing how to write a simple program that allocated two arrays of numbers in memory accessible to the GPU and then added them t
News, Developer Voices
We love seeing all of the NVIDIA GPU-related tweets – here's some that we came across this week: When you receive news that you get 45k extra to spend on GPU hardware.
Features, Research, CUDA, Internet / Communications, Machine Learning & Artificial Intelligence, Media & Entertainment
Researchers at Facebook Artificial Intelligence Research (FAIR) published a paper introducing AI-based dialog agents that can negotiate and compromise.
News, Research, Climate/Weather/Ocean Modeling, Cluster / Supercomputing, Higher Education / Academia, Tesla
New Zealand's National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research (NIWA) is upgrading their supercomputers with three new energy efficient systems that will be used for weather forecasting and climate research.


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It only takes a minute to get started. Fill out our uncomplicated sign up form and login to the website.
This step is discretionary but will seriously raise your chances of your profile getting noticed by other daters. Write a little something about yourself, your pasttimes and upload some good photos of yourself.
Utilise our website's cutting-edge search to spot over 60s members who meet your criteria. Or just scan through listings and spot daters that arouse your interest.
Identified someone who ticks all the boxes? Send a message to them or just a wink and see if anything develops. With a little luck you'll be on your way to discovering that special someone for you.
It only takes a few minutes


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Big Total Pepper
By Sam Parkinson
Big Total will give you a nice big number with either your sites total visits or its total unique visits. Best used with the refresh pepper.
Warning: Can be addictive
Release NotesLatest version
- Version 2.11
Improved code, in theory it should run faster as well…
- Version 2.1
Fixed the preferences page issue
- Version 2.0
Included the total unique tab


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Is it legal to block the net?
Discussion in 'Rules / Tournament Regulation / Officiating' started by Slanter, Jun 27, 2002.
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Main Site - :: Why Won't God Heal Amputees? ::
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Ah...so many fundamentalist family members, so little time.
Quote from: DL on February 16, 2009, 07:30:02 PM Ah...so many fundamentalist family members, so little time. You may want to be careful with that thought. Remember when you first became a Christian and you wanted to evangelize to the whole world? You may not want to go at family members right away, guns blazing, with how stupid their belief system is.Hate the stupid, not the person.


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Pump It Up: Exceed Review
Dance Dance Revolution has pretty much been the king of the hill of dancing games just about as long as the genre has been around. Sure the series has produced some good games, but part of its success is definitely attributable to the fact that it has never really had any serious challengers. Pump It Up: Exceed (PIU) aims to change all that. While the game is new, the Pump It Up series has been around for a number of years in Korea and has gained quite a following there. This is the first time that American gamers will be able to bring the game into their homes, though, so let's see if it can give DDR a run for its money…
PIU comes with its own dance pad and if you've seen or used one of these things before you may notice something a little different about it. The PIU pad places the step arrows at the corners of the pad instead of laying them out in the cardinal directions used by game pads and consequently DDR-style pads. There is also a new step point in the dead center of the pad which adds a new step to the dance challenges. The idea according to Mastiff is that the new layout allows for choreographed and more natural dance moves. While I have to say I found it a lot easier to watch the screen since the dance pad never forced me into a sideways facing position, it still feels to me like I am hopping on buttons rather than actually dancing. The additional step point in the center also caused some issues for me. Your feet naturally sweep across the neutral position before moving out to another step, so making this position a hotspot makes sense in a way. However its presence also eliminates a neutral or "safe' spot on the pad. When I missed a step or was thrown off rhythm by a tough move, my natural tendency was to bring my feet in to "reset" myself and jump back into the groove on the next beat. This of course caused me to press the center step and register another misstep with the game. This would sometimes send me into a cascade failure of missteps which would blow the whole game – all because I couldn't recover from one mistake. I suppose if you're a dance game pro you'll like this extra level of challenge, but it can make things tough on the casual player and brutal on the beginner. Another one of my complaints is that when navigating the game's menus I had to step off the pad completely and make my selections from the side, and I had to press the steps several times to get some items to register. A bit too much effort when the game itself takes so much energy. The dance pad itself is sturdier than most and the non-slip backing helps keep it in place – although I have to say that I did not have a highly polished wood floor to try it out on.
For those of you who've never played dance games before, here is how PIU works. There is a line of icons at the top of the screen that correspond to each step on the dance mat. While a song plays and music video is shown in the background, matching icons scroll up from the bottom of the screen towards the row at the top. Your goal is to step on the corresponding step at the exact moment that the icons are superimposed on each other.


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Tag: beyond luck
Party Highlights: Beyond Luckwritten by lomographynyc on 2012-08-24 #news
We were beyond lucky to have Beyond Luck play at the Lomography Gallery Store NYC last week for a super fun Blue Hour. The beats were great, and the crowd was better! Take a look at how the evening went...2 Share Tweet