text:
Cory Doctorow: What's Inside the Box
posted Friday 2 March 2012 @ 10:10 am PDT
Computer science has long wrestled with the question of how anyone can know what a computer or the programs running on it are doing. The Halting Problem described by Alan Turing in 1936 tells us that in complex cases, it's impossible to predict what a computer program will do without actually running it. A related problem is knowing whether any defects or errors exist in a computer program. This is Gödel's territory: his ''incompleteness'' tells us that it's hard-to-impossible to prove that a program is free from bugs.
These sound like abstract problems, but they are vital to every computer user's life. Without knowing what a computer might do in some circumstance, it's hard to predict whether two programs will collide and cause unpredictable things to happen, like crashes, data-loss, or data-corruption. The inability to prove that programs are bug-free means that clever or lucky adversaries might find new bugs and use them to take over a computer's functionality, which is how we get spyware and all its related infections.
After a bunch of ineffective answers (read: anti-virus programs), the solution that nearly everyone has converged on is curation. Rather than demanding that users evaluate every program to make sure that it is neither incompetent nor malicious, we delegate our trust to certifying authorities who examine software and give the competent and beneficial programs their seal of approval.
But ''curation'' covers a broad spectrum of activities and practices. At one end, you have Ubuntu, a flavor of GNU/Linux that offers ''repositories'' of programs that are understood to be well-made and trustworthy. Ubuntu updates its repositories regularly with new versions of programs that correct defects as they are discovered. Theoretically, an Ubuntu repository could remove a program that has been found to be malicious, and while this hasn't happened to date, a recent controversy on the proposed removal of a program due to a patent claim confirmed the possibility. Ubuntu builds its repositories by drawing on still other repositories from other GNU/Linux flavors, making it a curator of other curators, and it doesn't pretend that it's the only game in town. A few seconds' easy work is all it takes to enable other repositories of software maintained by other curators, or to install software directly, without a repository. Ubuntu warns you when you do this that you'd better be sure you can trust the people whose software you're installing, because they could be assuming total control over your system.
At the other end of the scale, you have devices whose manufacturers have a commercial stake in curation, such as Apple and Nintendo. Apple gets 30% of all the sales from the App stores, and then a further 30% of all the transactions taking place within those apps. Naturally, Apple goes to great lengths to ensure that you can't install ''third party'' apps on your device and deprive Apple of its cut. They use cryptographic signatures to endorse official apps, and design their devices to reject unsigned apps or apps with a non-matching signature. Nintendo has a similar business model: they charge money for the signature that informs a 3DS that a given program is authorized to run. Nintendo goes further than Apple with the 3DS, which automatically fetches and installs OS updates, and if it detects any tampering with the existing OS, it permanently disables the device.
Both Apple and Nintendo argue that their curatorial process also intercepts low-quality and malicious software, preventing it from entering the platform. I don't doubt their sincerity. But their curatorial model treats owners as adversaries and executes countermeasures to prevent people from knowing what the programs on their devices are doing. It has to, because a user who can fully inspect the operating system and its processes, and terminate or modify processes at will, can subvert the curation and undermine the manufacturer's profits by choosing to buy software elsewhere.
This means that when bad things do slip through the curatorial process, the owner of the device has a harder time discovering it. A recent example of this was the scandal of CarrierIQ, a company that makes spyware for mobile phones. CarrierIQ's software can capture information from the phone's GPS, look at its files, inspect your text messages and e-mails, and watch you enter your passwords. Carriers had been knowingly and covertly installing this software, shipping an estimated 150,000,000 infected handsets.
The carriers are cagey about why they did this. CarrierIQ characterizes its software as a quality assurance tool that helped carriers gather aggregate statistics useful for planning and tuning their infrastructure. Some industry insiders speculate that CarrierIQ was also used to prevent ''tethering'' (using your mobile phone as a data modem for your laptop or other device). CarrierIQ ran covertly on both iPhones and Android phones, but CarrierIQ was discovered on Android first.
Android is closer to Ubuntu in its curatorial model than it is to Apple's iOS. Out of the box, Android devices trust software from Google's Marketplace, but a checkbox lets users choose to trust other marketplaces, too (Amazon operates an alternative Android marketplace). As a result, Android's design doesn't include the same anti-user countermeasures that are needed to defend a kind of curation that treats users adversarially. Trevor Eckhart, the researcher who discovered CarrierIQ in the wild, was able to hunt for suspicious activity in Android because Android doesn't depend on keeping its workings a secret. A widely distributed, free, and diverse set of tools exist for inspecting and modifying Android devices. Armed with the knowledge of CarrierIQ's existence, researchers were able to go on to discover it on Apple's devices, too.
It all comes down to whom users can trust and how they verify the ongoing trustworthiness of those parties, and what they trust them to do. You might trust Apple to ensure high quality, but do you trust them to police carriers to prevent the insertion of CarrierIQ before the phone gets to you? You might trust Nintendo to make a great 3DS, but do you trust them to ensure the integrity of their updating mechanism? After all, a system that updates itself without user permission is a particularly tasty target: if you can trick the device into thinking that it has received an official update, it will install it and nothing the user can do will prevent that.
Let's get a sense of what trust means in these contexts. In 2010, a scandal erupted in Lower Merion PA, an affluent Philadelphia suburb. The Lower Merion School District had instituted a mandatory laptop program that required students to use school-supplied laptops for all their schoolwork. These computers came loaded with secret software that could covertly operate the laptops' cameras (when the software ran, the cameras' green activity lights stayed dark), as well as capturing screengrabs and reading the files on the computers' drives. This software was nominally in place to track down stolen laptops.
But a student discovered the software's existence when he was called into his principal's office and accused of taking narcotics. He denied the charge and was presented with a photo taken the night before in his bedroom, showing him taking what appeared to be pills. The student explained that these were Mike & Ike's candies, and asked how the hell the principal had taken a picture of him in his bedroom at night? It emerged that this student had been photographed thousands of times by his laptop's camera without his knowledge: awake and asleep, clothed and undressed.
Lower Merion was just the first salvo. Today, a thriving ''lawful interception'' industry manufactures ''network appliances'' for subverting devices for the purposes of government and law-enforcement surveillance. In 2011, Wikileaks activist Jacob Applebaum attended the ''wiretapper's ball,'' a lawful interception tradeshow in Washington DC. He left with an armload of product literature from unwitting vendors, and a disturbing account of how lawful interception had become a hotbed of subverting users' devices to spy on them. For example, one program sent fake (but authenticated) iTunes updates to target computers, and then took over the PCs and gave control of their cameras, microphones, keyboard, screens, and drives to the program's operators. Other versions disguised themselves as updates to Android or iPhone apps. The mobile versions could also access GPSes, record SMS conversations, and listen in on phone calls.
Around the same time, a scandal broke out in Germany over the ''Staatstrojaner'' (''state-Trojan''), a family of lawful interception programs discovered on citizens' computers, placed there by German government agencies. These programs gathered enormous amounts of data from the computers they infected, and they were themselves very insecure. Technology activists in the Chaos Computer Club showed that it was trivial to assume control over Staatstrojaner-infected machines. Once the government infected you, they left you vulnerable to additional opportunistic infections from criminals and freelance snoops.
This is an important point: a facility that relies on a vulnerability in your computer is equally available to law enforcement and to criminals. A computer that is easy to wiretap is easy to wiretap by everyone, not just cops with wiretapping warrants (assuming you live in a country that still requires warrants for wiretapping).
2011 was also the year that widespread attention came to UEFI, the Unified Extensible Firmware Interface. UEFI is a hardware component that will be included in future PCs that checks operating systems to see if they have valid curatorial signatures before they are allowed to run. In theory, this can be used to ensure that only uninfected operating systems run (an infected system will no longer match the signature).
UEFI has additional potential, though. Depending on whether users are allowed to override UEFI's judgment, this could also be used to prevent users from running operating systems that they trust more than the signed ones. For example, you might live in Iran, and believe that the Iranian police use UEFI to ensure that only versions of Windows with a built-in wiretapping facility can run on officially imported PCs. Why not? If Germany's government can justify installing Staatstrojaners on suspects' PCs, would Iran really hesitate to ensure that they could conduct Staatstrojaner-grade surveillance on anyone without the inconvenience of installing the Staatstrojaner in the first place? German Staatstrojaner investigators believe the software was installed during customs inspections, while computers were out of their owners' sight. Much easier to just ban the sale of computers that don't allow surveillance out of the box.
At the same time, a UEFI-like facility in computers would be a tremendous boon to anyone who wants to stay safe. If you get to decide which signatures your UEFI trusts, then you can, at least, know that your Ubuntu computer is running software that matches the signatures from the official Ubuntu repositories, know that your iTunes update was a real iTunes update, and that your Android phone was installing a real security patch. Provided you trust the vendors not to give in to law enforcement pressure (the Iran problem), or lose control of their own updating process (the CarrierIQ problem), you can be sure that you're only getting software from curators you trust.
As an aside, other mechanisms might be used to detect subversion or loss of control or pressure – you might use a verification process that periodically checks whether your software matches the software that your friends and random strangers also use, which raises the bar on subversion. Now a government or crook has to get a majority of the people you compare notes with to install subverted software, too.
All this is pretty noncontroversial in security circles. Some may quibble about whether Apple or Nintendo would ever be subverted, but no one would say that no company will ever be subverted. So if we're to use curation as part of a security strategy, it's important to consider a corrupt vendor as a potential threat.
The answer to this that most of the experts I speak to come up with is this:
The owner (or user) of a device should be able to know (or control) which software is running on her devices.
This is really four answers, and I'll go over them in turn, using three different scenarios: a computer in an Internet cafe, a car, and a cochlear implant. That is, a computer you sit in front of, a computer you put your body into, and a computer you put in your body.
1. Users know.
The user of a device should be able to know which software is running on her devices.
You can't choose which programs are running on your device, but every device is designed to faithfully report which programs are running on it.
If you walk into an Internet cafe and sit down at a computer, you can't install a keylogger on it (to capture the passwords of the next customer), but you can also trust that there are no keyloggers in place on the computer.
If you get behind the wheel of a car, you can't install a hands-free phone app, but you also know whether its GPS is sending your location to law enforcement or carjackers.
If you have a cochlear implant, you can't buy a competitor's superior, patented signal processing software (so you'll have inferior hearing forever, unless you let a surgeon cut you open again and put in a different implant). But you know that griefers or spies aren't running covert apps that can literally put voices in your head or eavesdrop on every sound that reaches your ear.
2. Owners know.
The owner of a device should be able to know which software in running on her devices.
The owner of an Internet cafe can install keyloggers on his computers, but users can't. Law enforcement can order that surveillance software be installed on Internet cafe computers, but users can't tell if it's running. If you trust that the manufacturer would never authorize wiretapping software (even if tricked by criminals or strong-armed by governments), then you know that the PC is surveillance-free.
Car leasing agencies or companies that provide company cars can secretly listen in on drivers, secretly record GPS data, and remotely shut down cars. Police (or criminals who can take control of police facilities) can turn off your engine while you're driving. Again, if you trust that your car's manufacturer can't be coerced or tricked into making technology that betrays drivers to the advantage of owners, you're safe from these attacks.
If you lease your cochlear implant, or if you're a minor or legally incompetent, your guardians or the leasing company can interfere with your hearing, making you hear things that aren't there or switching off your hearing in some or all instances. Legislative proposals (like the ones that emanated from the Motion Picture Association of America's Analog Reconversion Working Group) might have the side-effect of causing you to go deaf in the presence of copyrighted music or movie soundtracks.
3. Owners control.
The owner of a device should be able to control which software in running on her devices.
The owner of an Internet cafe can spy on her customers, even if the original PC vendor doesn't make an app for this, and can be forced to do so by law enforcement. Users can't install keyloggers.
Car leasing agencies and companies with company cars can spy on and disable cars, even if the manufacturers don't support this. Drivers can't know what locks, spyware, and kill-switches are in the cars they drive.
You can choose to run competitors' software on your cochlear implant, no matter who made it, without additional surgery. If you're a minor, your parents can still put voices in your head. If you don't trust your cochlear implant vendor to resist law-enforcement or keep out criminals, you can choose one you do trust.
4. Users control.
The user of a device should be able to control which software in running on her devices.
An Internet cafe's owner can't spy on his customers, and customers can't spy on each other.
Car leasing agencies and employers can't spy on drivers. Drivers don't have to trust that manufacturers will resist government or crooks. Government can't rely on regulation to ensure emissions, braking characteristics, or speed-governors.
Everyone gets to choose which vendors supply software for their implants. Kids can override parents' choices about what they can and can't hear (and so can crazy people or people who lease their implants).
Of these four scenarios, I favor the last one: ''The user of a device should be able to control which software in running on her devices.'' It presents some regulatory challenges, but I suspect that these will be present no matter what, because crooks and tinkerers will always subvert locks on their devices. That is, if you believe that your self-driving cars are safe because no one will ever figure out how to install crashware on them, you're going to have problems. Security that tries to control what people do with technology while it is in their possession, and that fails catastrophically if even a few people break it, is doomed to fail.
However, the majority of experts favor three, ''The owner of a device should be able to control which software in running on her devices.'' I think the explanation for this is the totalizing nature of property rights in our society. At a fundamental level, we have absorbed Lord Blackstone's notion of property as ''that sole and despotic dominion which one man claims and exercises over the external things of the world, in total exclusion of the right of any other individual in the universe.''
Especially when it comes to corporate equipment. It's a hard-to-impossible sell to convince people that employees, not employers, should be able to decide what software runs on their computers and other devices. In their hearts, most employers are Taylorists, devotees of 19th century theories of ''Scientific Management'' that holds that a corporation's constituent human parts should have their jobs defined by experts who determine the empirical, purely best way to do something, and the employees should just do it that way.
There's a lot of lip-service paid to the idea that businesses should ''hire smart people and let them solve problems intelligently.'' Silicon Valley offices are famed for their commitment to freewheeling, autonomy-friendly workplaces, but IT departments have always been hives of Taylorism.
The mainframe era was dominated by IT workers who got to choose exactly which screens employees were allowed to see. If your boss thought you should only be able to compare column x against column y, that was it. Employees who literally smuggled in Apple ][+s running Lotus 1-2-3 to give them the freedom to compute in other ways were summarily fired.
Until they weren't. Until the PC guerrillas were recognized by their employers as having personal expertise that was squandered through overtight strictures on how they did their jobs – the IT equivalent of the auto-plants that deployed Japanese-style management where teams were told to get the job done and were left alone.
But guerrillas have a way of winning and becoming the secret police. The PC-dominated workplace has a new IT priesthood that yearns to use UEFI as the ultimate weapon in their war against fellow employees who think they can do their jobs better with software of their own choosing.
But scenario four (users control) offers a different, more flexible, more nuanced approach to solving problems collaboratively with employees. A world in which employees can choose their tools, but know absolutely what those tools are doing (within the limits of computer science) is one where users can be told what they must not do (''don't run a program that opens holes in the corporate firewall or gets access to your whole drive'') and where they can know if they're doing what they're told.
That only works if you trust your employees, which is a difficult bar for many corporate cultures to hurdle. Some dark part of every corporate id yearns to reduce every process to a pictographic McDonald's cash register that can be operated by interchangeable commodity laborers who can be moved around, fired, and hired with impunity. The mature and humane face of management will always tell you that ''human resources are our greatest asset'' but it's an imperfect veneer over the overwhelming urge to control.
Category: Cory Doctorow.
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Comment from A. C. Barker
Time March 2, 2012 at 4:03 pm
Where's the +1 button? I want to +1 this post!!
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Comment from Harish Pillay
Time March 3, 2012 at 1:55 am
Interesting ideas. How would you option 4 look if i were to have systems that ran multiple VMs concurrently with each VM rigged to the relevant "spy" agency? This does presuppose that the host environment whether started via a UEFI environment or not, is under my control entirely. And taking that thought to it's conclusion, whether VMs are run or not, if I have control over the base system, it does not matter what I agree (or forced) to run in the VM.
Comment from Don
Time March 3, 2012 at 1:58 am
I like number 4 as well, but the bigest challenge I see to implementing it is identified when you say "where they can know if they're doing what they're told". This goes right back to your original points on "hard" computing problems .. the user still needs to know (and now I'm thinking non-specialists as users) whether his use of the computer (i.e. the programs he invokes) conforms to the guidelines he was given.
I think that implementing #4 needs to be viewed as a challenge for the computer science community. The "hard" computer-science problems need to be resolved to the point that the computer can give the user a description (in human terms) of what will happen when it is used in a particular way.
Comment from Kwik Thinking
Time March 3, 2012 at 3:04 am
Your developing some interesting Ideas here Cory but your fourfold analysis of the three examples needs more thought. Are you describing different possible factual states for computers in society (the result of technical decisions) or making normative observations about social practices in relation to computers (who do we trust and who should we trust, who controls and who should control)?
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Time March 3, 2012 at 3:15 am
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Time March 3, 2012 at 3:32 am
[…] Cory Doctorow: What's Inside the Box If you walk into an Internet cafe and sit down at a computer, you can't install a keylogger on it (to capture the passwords of the next customer), but you can also trust that there are no keyloggers in place on the computer. If you get behind the wheel … Read more on Locus Online […]
Comment from Захария Стургин
Time March 3, 2012 at 4:27 am
I believe the CCC used the name «Bundestrojaner» (Federal trojan) instead of «Staatstrojaner» mentioned in this article.
Otherwise I've been looking for an article such as this for a long time now. Superb work.
Comment from Will
Time March 3, 2012 at 2:49 pm
Very good article.
I do see an issue with number four, however. In many cases, it is absolutely critical that owners (rather than users) have the ultimate authority over the device. For example, in your leased-car scenario, many car dealerships and rental companies retain the ability to track cars with GPS, because people steal lease and rental cars all the time. If we give the "user" (even if it's someone with very little time or money tied up in the computer) ultimate authority, they could cause problems for the actual owner (like disabling GPS and stealing the car).
If the person who leased the car decides to purchase it, stealing is obviously no longer an issue, and that person should then be given the ultimate authority over that device.
As for the cochlear implant: what kind of idiot would lease a subdermal implant technology? If a computer goes inside your body, you better be damned sure you own it (and have control over it).
Comment from Pete
Time March 3, 2012 at 11:59 pm
Great article. I don't have any thoughts on which of the four options I prefer, but I couldn't stop thinking about a talk I heard from Karen Sandler at linux.conf.au 2012. She discussed the legal and ethical problems of not knowing what software is running on a defibrillator which is implanted in her body and connected to her heart. She is very open about the whole thing, and I strongly encourage anybody interested in this post to look up and watch her talk.
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Time March 4, 2012 at 12:04 am
[…] Cory Doctorow: What's Inside the Box But ''curation'' covers a broad spectrum of activities and practices. At one end, you have Ubuntu, a flavor of GNU/Linux that offers ''repositories'' of programs that are understood to be well-made and trustworthy. Ubuntu updates its repositories regularly with new versions of programs that correct defects as they are discovered. Theoretically, an Ubuntu repository could remove a program that has been found to be malicious, and while this hasn't happened to date, a recent controversy on the proposed removal of a program due to a patent claim confirmed the possibility. Ubuntu builds its repositories by drawing on still other repositories from other GNU/Linux flavors, making it a curator of other curators, and it doesn't pretend that it's the only game in town. A few seconds' easy work is all it takes to enable other repositories of software maintained by other curators, or to install software directly, without a repository. Ubuntu warns you when you do this that you'd better be sure you can trust the people whose software you're installing, because they could be assuming total control over your system. […]
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Comment from Don
Time March 4, 2012 at 4:10 am
… but vehicles were leased for many years prior to GPS tracking being commonly available, so the leasing business model clearly must have a process that reduces the likelyhood of theft regardless of the presence/absence of a GPS tracker. Perhaps the use of a GPS tracking system can increase the profitability of the business (e.g. reduced insurance rates for the lessor) but that could easily be addressed by simply increasing the amount of my shoudl I choose to disable the GPS.
One of the reasons I like number 4 is because it seems to return ethical behaviour to a decision made by human beings as opposed to something imposed by a machine. I think society (at least the North American one I live in) has been going down the "slippery slope" of using technology to try and make unethical actions impossible. There still need to be consequences for misbehaviour, but I'm not sure the ever-vigilant "big brother" approach is the right one. [I know it bothers me 🙂 ]
But, as I said in my earlier comment, in order for the human to make the "ethical" decision she needs to be informed of the consequences of her actions. That is the difficult problem … when even the creators of the devices and programs that we use cannot predict all of the consequences of their use, how can we expect a non-expert user to make an informed choice. I think we default to #3 because we are unable (or unwilling?) to make computing transparent enough that the typical user can predict with some confidence the results of choices they make in its use.
be seeing you … Don
Comment from iPhone Spy
Time March 5, 2012 at 6:15 am
this is so true that both Apple and Nintendo argue that their curatorial process also intercepts low-quality and malicious software, preventing it from entering the platform
Comment from stephen
Time March 5, 2012 at 11:01 am
I do not see option 4 as practicable. The best option is a combination of 3 and 1; the owner has ultimate control but the user is to be informed.
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Comment from Tim Stevens
Time March 6, 2012 at 12:19 pm
Excellent work, as always, Cory!
After 25+ years working in the IT industry, I feel pretty comfortable saying that no matter what processes or programs are instituted by any authority there will be someone that finds a way to circumvent them. I believe we will continue to see more of the same with regard to the issues of systems control. There will always be 'work arounds' and hacks available to those that seek them out.
The collective brain trust that is the Internet will always 'out weigh' that of any one company or organization. As in the past, the 'priests' will have access to the arcane knowledge to get around a particular obstacle and the common user
will be stuck with what they are given.
My biggest concerns are the code being written and released by government agencies that we, as citizens, have no idea exists and the re-purposing of this
code by griefers (cool word Cory). This was made clear in a recent 60 Minutes television program where code was used to attack the Iranian nuclear effort. It apparently worked well but now it is in the wild and can be used to manipulate any system that uses a particular Siemens micro controller.
Look out power plants, sewage treatment facilities and… you get the idea!
Comment from Michael Lawrence
Time March 7, 2012 at 9:11 am
Cory, I applaud the use of some of Computer Science's core theories (Halting Problem and Incompleteness) to set the context of your discussion; I can't help but nit-pick though.
The halting problem is that there is no way to determine, given a computer program P and input I, whether P when run on I will eventually terminate. The incompleteness theorem is that there are truths in mathematics which cannot be proven.
It actually *is* possible to prove that a computer program will produce the correct output, although this is infeasible in all but the most trivial cases.


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subset: commoncrawl


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Start out by saying yes. This tells them the main question is already resolved — you want the job. All that remains is working out the terms. Continue reading
The Obama administration's lead negotiator in upcoming talks with Cuban officials in Havana, Assistant Secretary of State of Western Hemisphere Affairs Roberta Jacobson, tells chief foreign affairs correspondent Margaret Warner that she's under no illusions about the communist government's willingness to allow freedoms. Continue reading
Why is the world watching Iran's nuclear program? Because many countries have accused the Islamic State of pursuing nuclear weapons capability, although Iran insists that its program is peaceful. Read on to see how they are affected by the interim deal, then take a bird's eye tour of seven nuclear hotspots in Iran.
Republicans suggested a plan to increase the debt ceiling for the short-term if President Obama agrees to negotiate spending cuts as a way to end the shutdown. Congressional correspondent Kwame Holman reports on the latest warnings about the debt ceiling and Judy Woodruff gets an update from Margaret Talev of Bloomberg News. Continue reading
Is the political standoff that caused the government shutdown indicative of the future of negotiation on Capitol Hill? Judy Woodruff discusses factors that have contributed to the conflict Norman Ornstein of the American Enterprise Institute and former congressman Tom Davis of Deloitte & Touche. Continue reading
With a government shutdown in full effect and no signs of give from either side in sight, what kind of political calculations are lawmakers taking into account? Gwen Ifill gets insight from Stuart Rothenberg of the Rothenberg Political Report and Susan Page of USA Today. Continue reading
While the Senate headed toward a vote to remove a provision that defunds the Affordable Care Act from a federal spending bill, House Majority Leader John Boehner quashed the notion that Republicans would back such a stopgap measure. Congressional correspondent Kwame Holman reports on efforts to stave off a shutdown. Continue reading
Could Israel's decision to resume building new settlements derail peace talks with the Palestinians? Margaret Warner looks at the state of the negotiations with Robert Danin of the Council on Foreign Relations and Shibley Telhami of the Brookings Institution. Continue reading
Margaret Warner, reporting from New York, speaks with Ray Suarez about President Obama encouraging the international community to support Middle East peace talks and the special summit being convened to discuss Sudan's looming referendum on whether the South will secede. Continue reading
The first peace negotiations between Israelis and Palestinians in nearly two years are set to resume in Washington next month. Jeffrey Brown talks with analysts David Makovsky and Ghaith Al-Omari about what could come out of — or derail — the upcoming meetings. Continue reading


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Parents offered 'transparent' schools performance data
Parents in Wales can find out how well their children's schools are performing through a new website.
The My Local School site contains information about all state secondary and primary schools in Wales.
The website includes information on pupils' attainment in exams, attendance rates and school budgets.
The Welsh government said it wants more transparency, but a teaching union said comparing schools that face different challenges "doesn't make sense".
The website also includes links to inspection reports and shows how much money schools spend per pupil.
Since last year the Welsh government has ranked secondary schools into five bands which take account of factors such as GCSE results, attendance and the number of children who have free school dinners.
However, it has stopped short of re-introducing league tables which were scrapped in Wales in 2001.
Despite assurances that banding is not meant to name and shame poor performers, teaching unions have opposed the policy and called for the abolition of plans to introduce bands for primary schools.
The new website shows how well schools are doing compared to others in their area and the rest of Wales.
Education Minister Leighton Andrews said: "Data of this kind is becoming more readily available.
"The site gives parents a clearer picture of how schools across Wales are performing.
"Improving openness and transparency of school statistics will also allow parents to have more informed discussions about raising standards in our schools.
"We want to encourage parents to engage in the school improvement debate and so we are providing them with the information to do so."
The NUT Cymru teaching union asked why the government was persisting with banding if all the information used to compile the bands was being made publicly available through the new website.
Policy officer Owen Hathway said: "We are very supportive of parents having the information they need about their children's school.
"Accountability is hugely important.
"What doesn't make sense is comparing two schools, often with completely different social, economic and geographical challenges.
"Surely the introduction of this portal project calls into question the necessity of the banding system."


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Schools urged to avoid store voucher schemes
Despite a call for schools to boycott supermarket promotional schemes, the majority of primary schools in Sligo have already registered to take part in a campaign currently running in two rural SuperValu stores, The Sligo Champion has learned.Two local teachers have called for a boycott of the SuperValu Kids in Action campaign which is running in stores in Tubb
Despite a call for schools to boycott supermarket promotional schemes, the majority of primary schools in Sligo have already registered to take part in a campaign currently running in two rural SuperValu stores, The Sligo Champion has learned.
Two local teachers have called for a boycott of the SuperValu "Kids in Action' campaign which is running in stores in Tubbercurry and Ballymote, but figures show that 44 or the 67 primary schools in the county are participating.
The "Kids in Action" campaign has been strongly criticised by Mr. John Fogarty of Corballa National School and Ms. Carmel Morley of Sligo School Project, who describe it as 'exploitative, self-serving and discriminatory', and they have urged parents and teachers to boycott the scheme.
The scheme operates on a voucher collection system, with schools accumulating sufficient vouchers to obtain 'free' sports equipment.
Mr. Gearoid Surlis, who runs the Supervalu store in Tubbercurry, has defended the scheme and has said the majority of local schools are happy with it. While acknowledging that the INTO has valid complaints about withdrawal of PE grants from schools, he claims the "Kids in Action" scheme is a valid method for schools to obtain vital equipment.
"The scheme is very well received locally. The schools are very happy with it, as is evidenced by the fact that 44 out of the county's 65 primary schools have registered for the scheme this year.
Our experience is that the schools, teachers, parents and students are very happy with the way in which the scheme operates and the assistance it offers to schools, and are pleased to be involved in it.
"Of course, there is a marketing and promotional aspect to the scheme, as is the case with all of these promotions, but there is no doubt that it does help schools in a positive way.
"In addition to this particular scheme, the two Supervalu stores in Sligo jointly sponsor a county primary schools relay event each year, so we are giving something back to the community", Mr. Surlis said.
However, the Sligo teachers point to the massive levels of expenditure required to gain basic equipment through the scheme. They claim that in order to obtain a GAA trainer footballer which retails at ?11.70, receipts totalling ?3,190 are required; ?10, 630 worth of receipts are needed to get tag rugby belts which retail at ?27; and ?39,920 worth of shopping would be needed to qualify for a gymnastic springboard which can be bought in shops for ?250.
"The losers in the scheme are the small schools, poor schools and special schools in County Sligo, who cannot raise these massive amounts in just 10 weeks", according to Mr. Joseph Fogarty.
Urging schools and parents not to participate in the scheme, he called on SuperValu to make a 'truly philanthropic donation to Sligo schools rather than this calculating marketing scheme'.
"It is shameful that the government continue to endorse such profit-driven schemes while withholding the PE equipment grant from schools", he added.
Ms. Carmel Morley from the Sligo School Project said that while she understood families and the wider community wanted to help their local schools by collecting the tokens, she urged people to consider who really gained from their efforts.


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Not sure about you, but I am in total denial about the whole Christmas/New Year's thing, the gift shopping (is that even necessary in a recession?), the card-sending.
The forecast of some snow tonight -- even though the morning has started out at over 60 degrees -- sort of jolted me a little. (All those years I lived in Florida made it much easier to think 'Holidays? What holidays?')
So for Midweek Madness, that feature many of you look forward to with what can only be described as a pathological fixation, I thought a jolt of something Christmas-y -- with a twist -- would be in order.
I think this is a very clever remix of ... scenes from "It's a Wonderful Life" set to a great seasonal song to help you (OK, me) get in the mood:


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Apparently, Toyota wants to challenge Volvo for its coveted safety crown: It's developed a new supplemental restraint system. Dubbed a world-first, the back window airbag is meant to work with the head restraints to protect passengers' heads in a rear collision.
The new system deploys in the same manner side curtain airbags do, from the roof lining. Toyota plans to put the innovation into production immediately in its new iQ micro-car. Toyota says the airbags nearly double rear passenger head protection. That's a good thing, too, considering the iQ's backseats bump up against the rear hatch and glass.
While there are no official plans to export the iQ micro-car to America, we reported this summer that Toyota would like to do so if it can make a business case for it — and, of course, if the iQ could pass safety standards here.


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'Princess O'Hara' channels Damon Runyon style
Lakes Area Theatre (LAT) in Alexandria is offering the following productions this week:
When it comes to making purchases, buying a car ranks right up there in the feel good category, and that's what brings Fred out of his deep funk in Alexandria playwright Bob Sievers' show, A Two-Syllable Word.
Fred's two friends think they have introduced the perfect car to him, but Fred has a few surprises up his sleeve.
The show takes place on Friday, March 28 at 7 p.m. Directed by Bob Sievers, the show stars Joe Korkowski, Bruce Wegner, Pete Woit and Kathe Nelson.
Writer Damon Runyon loved to pen stories about Brooklyn, New York and gambling on horses or just about anything. Audiences will be treated to an adaptation of Runyon's Princess O'Hara on Sunday, March 30 at 12:30 p.m. on KXRA 1490 AM.
The show was directed by Ann Hermes and stars Tim Long, Kevin Lee, Benjamin Roers, Bob Sievers, Leah Drexler and Kent Garlinghouse, who also performed sound effects with Mike Roers. Bob Piotrowski arranged and performed the music.
● ● ●
For information, call the box office at (320) 808-3841. Past shows are available online at www.lakesarea theatre.com.


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Arteta getting back to best – Moyes
Everton boss
David Moyes felt two-goal
Mikel Arteta was returning to his old self after a devastating display in the 5-1 Barclays Premier League victory over Hull.
The Spanish playmaker's goals, either side of a sublime Tom Cairney equaliser, were the 27-year-old's first since returning to action in January after an 11-month lay-off with a serious knee injury.
Moyes said: "He scored two very good goals and played really well all round. Mikel is still not back to how he was but I thought was more like him and shows how much we have missed him over the year."
He added: "It might take him a while to get his full strength back but he did a lot of good things with the ball."
Everton had so many goalscoring opportunities – and Victor Anichebe had an effort disallowed – that Moyes was convinced his team had scored six after the game.
"I'm sure it was six," he said. "I'm delusional!"
Moyes also insisted he was not concerned about Ayegbeni Yakubu's repeated failings in front of goal.
The Scot said: "I thought Yak did a lot of good things. I said to him he needs to score the goal when the game is tight. Here didn't matter, it wasn't important."
Landon Donovan left the field to a huge ovation after what was the final home game of his 10-week loan from Los Angeles Galaxy.
"We would like him to stay but it looks like he is going back to America," conceded Moyes. "We respect that and don't have a problem with it, but he has done well."


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Last week I had lunch at Kashkaval with my mother and boyfriend. The space is small but nice, with comfortable wooden tables and brick walls. I ordered the selection of 5 tapas, and had grape leaves, hummus, ajvar, eggplant caponata, and artichoke spread. The grape leaves were delicious, perfectly lemony and minty, and definitely my favorite part of the platter. The artichoke spread was also very good, as was the caponata. My only complaint is about the hummus, it was a little lackluster. It was too bland for my taste but not horrible. The ajvar was good, but not what I was expecting...it had a very pronounced smoky flavor that I don't like, and it wasn't spicy. My mother got the goat cheese salad, which she liked, and a side of brussel sprouts that were amazing. They were very simply prepared with olive oil, garlic, and pepper, but I think they were the best thing we tried. My boy got a caesar salad, which was ok, nothing special. The bellini, at 5 dollars, was fine - more peach juice than champagne, but at that price, i'm not complaining. Service was quick, considering how crowded it was, but the table next to us ordered only 5 or 10 minutes before us and had to wait about half an hour. Interesting menu, especially the tapas. I recommend you check it out.
856 9th Ave, New York, NY 10019


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Los Angeles, CA, US
Jenny is a Los Angeles native who seeks design opportunities in all aspects of daily life. She decided to pursue a career in Architecture when she attended Environmental Design classes for high school students at the Art Center College of Design.
Jenny received a Bachelor of Architecture from Cal Poly San Luis Obispo and studied abroad in Copenhagen, Denmark. She looks for any opportunity to visit San Luis Obispo and Copenhagen, as they are her two most favorite cities in the world.
As an international traveler, Jenny has visited 15 countries, and intends to travel more. She sees travel as invaluable experiences that are discretely and boldly added to her sense of design.
AECOM, Designer II
Design Group member for the Architecture department; experience in all aspects of design and construction documents. With emphasis in early design stages, graphic presentation, and space planning. Job Captain and Designer for large complex projects in hospitality and civic markets.
Young and Borlik Architects, Inc., Student Intern
Summer intern involved in construction documents and schematic design. Designed interior elevations and details such as custom doors and ornate wrought iron railings.


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We know that February is celebrated with chocolates and flowers, but what about potatoes? Spuds are always in season, but hold a special place in our hearts every February for Potato Lover's Month. This versatile vegetable has been mashed, baked, whipped, fried, boiled and usually served as a side to some of our favorite entrees. But, this month it's taking the main stage.
This hearty and filling bed and breakfast recipe for Stuffed Potatoes is moving potatoes from the sidelines to the spotlight thanks to the Old Parkdale Inn located in Parkdale, OR:
Stuffed Potatoes
Stuffed Potatoes
4-6 medium sized potatoes (Red or Yukon Gold)
4-6 eggs
1 cup chopped spinach or kale
1 cup chopped mushrooms
1/2 cup red onion or leeks
1/4 cup sour
1 cup cheddar cheese
2 Tbs butter
1 Tbs olive oil
Optional: Diced ham, bacon bits or green chilies.
Start by baking 4-6 medium sized potatoes. After they have cooled lay them on their side, slice off the top and scoop out the flesh, leaving a firm layer all around. You've created bowls that you will re-stuff and re-bake. I save the flesh for soups or potato pancakes.
In a medium skillet heat 2 Tbs butter and 1 Tbs olive oil and sauté spinach, mushrooms and onion until wilted. In a bowl combine 1/4 cup sour with 1 cup of Cheddar Cheese and add the vegetables. Season with salt and pepper.
Re-stuff the potato bowls with the vegetable and cheese mixture, pressing it into the sides right up to the top, leaving a crater to crack the egg into, then sprinkle cheese on top. Place in a preheated oven, 350º, and bake until the egg is set but not overcooked, about 25 minutes. Garnish with a dollop of Sour Cream and Chopped Chives or Parsley. Serve immediately and Enjoy!
If you're looking for more delectable innkeeper recipes, visit our "Delicious Breakfasts" Pinterest board.


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Press Release: ADV ANNOUNCES SEPTEMBER 12 RELEASES
HOUSTON, July 20, 2006 —ADV Films, the ADV Films, the number one producer-distributor of anime outside of Japan, is pleased to announce three new and exciting titles set to hit the streets on September 12, including the fifth volume of the classic Macross, disc three of Michel, and the third volume of Nanaka 6/17!
"One of the Best Series of All Time." – Anime Frontier
ADV is proud to announce a September 12 street date for Macross: When Worlds Collide, the fifth of seven DVDs re-presenting the classic series in its entirety – and for the first time ever with an English dub! This deluxe package, featuring digitally-restored video and a brand-new 5.1 soundtrack, includes so many episodes, interviews, commentaries, and other extras that it's become a must-have for every anime fan!
For many Americans, Robotech was their first exposure to anime. That classic series, which was first aired on American TV in 1985, is a sprawling epic that showcases the complex storylines, morally ambiguous characters, and sheer spectacle that are hallmarks of anime. Before Robotech, however, there was Macross- one of three Japanese Anime series that were spliced together with a whole new script for an American audience. The original Macross has only been available to American fans in Japanese language only with subtitles.
Now at long last ADV Films is making Macross available to a new generation of American anime fans in a deluxe package featuring the uncut digitally restored video and for the first time ever, a faithful English dub in rich 5.1 surround sound.
This watershed release is made all the more special with the inclusion of Mari Iijima, who is reprising her role as the Lynn Minmay, one of the central characters in the Macross saga. This is one of the few times a voice actor from the original Japanese cast has participated in the English dub – and by far the most important. Ms. Iijima is a professional singer-songwriter with numerous top 10 albums in Japan and has only appeared as a voice actress in limited fashion, with her only anime role being Lynn Minmay.
Synopsis: Strange things are happening within the Zentradi fleet: secret meetings, use of contraband materials and even hints of civil disobedience from previously unshakable warriors! The female Meltran fleet is affected as well, as one of their finest abruptly goes rogue on a path of personal vengeance. Meanwhile, on the Macross, human lives are in equal disarray, as simple misunderstandings multiple into events that can and will shatter worlds. Love hurts and sex kills as the war of the worlds becomes the war of the sexes in the fifth scorching volume of MACROSS!
Macross: When Worlds Collide (SRP $29.98 DVD) is a DVD-only release including five episodes, presented in both English 5.1 and Japanese 2.0 with English subtitles. Extras include liner notes, character stats, the video "The Men of Macross: An Interview with Vic Mignona (Hikaru), Brett Weaver (Roy), and John Swasey (Captain Global)," Commentary with anime experts David Williams, and Janice Williams (ep 22), plus clean opening animation, clean closing animation, and previews of upcoming ADV Films releases.
Collectors Edition Still Available!
The limited-edition Collectors Box for Macross is still available. This special collectors edition contains the first volume of Macross in a stunning custom series art box with full color artwork sized to hold the entire seven volume series (SRP $39.98).
DVD Product Details
Volume: 5 of 7
Running Time: 125 min.
Age Rating: TV PG
Pre-Book Date: 8/15/2006
Street Date: 9/12/2006
Format: DVD
Product specifications and content configuration subject to change.
"…Sure To Keep Children's Eyes On The Screen And Not Drive Older Audiences Out Of The Room."- Ain't it Cool News
ADV is proud to announce the next volume of the first animated series completely produced and directed by acclaimed animation studio DR Movie (Final Fantasy: Unlimited, Dragon Drive). Prepare yourself for the third exciting installment of Michel: The Forest and the Fog
Michel is a magical adventure sure to delight all ages. On the island of Sitel, Michel lives amongst fairies that have the power to keep nature in harmony. One fateful day, the Black Hammers chasing after Kim accidentally stumble upon the fairies and learn of their power and quickly kidnap them. Now it's up to Michel, Kim, and the rest of the fairies to rescue their friends from captivity and save the world.
Synopsis: Since the Tree of Life has begun to grow once more, it speaks to Kim and Michel to help them rescue the captured fairies. However, the Black Hammer Gang always seems to be one step ahead of them. Salome and her goons travel the world across desolate plains and thick fog in a never-ending search for treasure. Kim, Michel and Poyo stay close behind these thugs in an effort to thwart Salome's evil schemes and save the kidnapped fairies.When a misunderstanding threatens Kim's confidence in Poyo, will Kim and Michel still be able save more of the imprisoned fairies? Hang on for another wild ride in the next exciting volume of Michel!
Michel: The Forest and the Fog (SRP $14.98 DVD) is a DVD-only release including four full episodes presented in English 2.0. Extras include clean opening animation, clean closing animation, and previews of upcoming ADV Films releases.
DVD Product Details
Volume: 3of 6
Running Time: 100 min.
Age Rating: TV Y7
Pre-Book Date: 8/15/2006
Street Date: 9/12/2006
Format: DVD
Product specifications and content configuration subject to change.
"An endearing new comedy that offers something for young and mature viewers alike."- Active Anime
ADV is pleased to announce the third and final volume in the hilarious comedy series featuring magical girls, high school hijinks and… head trauma? Get ready for a laugh riot when Nananka 6/17: Nanaka vs. Nanaka! hits store shelves September 12.
Directed by Hiroaki Sakurai (Cromartie High School) and jointly produced by GENCO and J.C.Staff (Azumanga Daioh), Nanaka 6/17 is a high school comedy with magical charm. 17 year old Nanaka Kirisato has it all: she's beautiful, she's bright, and she's at the top of her class. But somewhere along the way, Nanaka lost touch with her classmates – including her best friend Nenji – who think she's become an arrogant snob! One day, in the midst of an argument with Nenji, Nanaka falls down a flight of stairs and gets seriously injured. The diagnosis is acute amnesia, and now Nanaka thinks she is six years old – and a magical princess! To add to the fun, she believes that Nenji also made a wish to become an adult. Let the magical misunderstandings commence!
Synopsis: Will it be the 17-year-old bookworm, or the 6-year-old brat? Well, you'll have to watch and find out – as the final volume of Nanaka 6/17 delivers a festival of frenzied fun – plus a SPECIAL BONUS EPISODE that never aired in Japan! Poor Nanaka becomes overwhelmed with the upcoming Cultural Festival, and things keep getting crazier as she flips back and forth between her two rival personalities. Will the sophomores' Magical Domiko stage play be a major disaster? Will 17-year-old Nanaka do away with 6-year-old Nanaka once and for all? If so, will Nenji even get to say goodbye to his kindergarten companion? Once thing's for sure – you won't want to miss the heart-wrenching, revealing conclusion to Nanaka 6/17!
Nanaka 6/17: Nanaka vs. Nanaka! (SRP $29.98 DVD) is a DVD-only release including the final four episodes, plus a bonus episode, presented in both English 5.1 and Japanese 2.0 with English subtitles. Extras include a video preview for the un-aired bonus episode plus clean opening animation, clean closing animation, and previews of upcoming ADV Films releases.
DVD Product Details
Volume: 3 of 3
Running Time: 125 min.
Age Rating: TV PG
Pre-Book Date: 8/15/2006
Street Date: 9/12/2006
Format: DVD
Product specifications and content configuration subject to change.
About ADV Films:
In the 14 years since its inception, ADV Films has become the #1 producer-distributor of Japanese animation ("anime") outside of Japan and has the largest English-language anime library in the world. With best-selling titles such as Neon Genesis Evangelion, RahXephon, Robotech, Full Metal Panic, Hello Kitty and Azumanga Daioh, ADV Films' extensive catalog is fueling the popularity of anime around the globe. Always on the forefront, ADV is introducing North America to bold new anime franchises such as Gantz, Elfen Lied, Chrono Crusade, Peacemaker and DNAngel. ADV Films' library also includes popular live-action science fiction programs such as The Jim Henson Company's Farscape, the nationally syndicated Gene Roddenberry's Andromeda and the Saturn Award-nominated Mutant X. In 2005 ADV Films was voted "Best Anime Company" in the SPJA awards, presented at Anime Expo, North America's largest anime convention. The readers of Anime News Network designated ADV Films "Overall Favorite Anime Company" in both 2004 and 2005.
Parent company, A.D. Vision, Inc., encompasses a multitude of complementary media divisions, spanning publishing, television, licensing and merchandising and continues to expand into new areas. Its Anime Network™ is America's first and only television network dedicated to bringing anime and anime-related programming to consumers nationwide via digital cable 24 hours a day. The company has two publishing arms: Newtype USA, the premier anime and manga monthly magazine, and ADV Manga™, dedicated to publishing graphic novels. Headquartered in Houston, the company has offices in Europe and Japan. For more information, visit www.advfilms.com.


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Distilled Vs. Spring Water
I read the posts about drinking water.
I need to avoid fluoride and all the other contaminates in our public drinking water. I am very sick and unable to take care of my basic needs so I need the easiest and most affordable solution. I trust this site, Ted and Bill and I also trust Dr. Weil. So it is confusing to me when their advice contradicts one another. Dr. Weil drinks "distilled water" and distilled is the easiest for me. I even added T*** Mineral Drops to it.
Distilled water is the easiest for me.
I don't like drinking water from plastic jugs no matter what kind of water it is. I used to get home delivery of distilled water but I can't find home delivery of glass bottles. Spring water is impossible to trust even ones saying they come from a spring - because when I do further research it says it comes from a Municipal Water Company.
I used to work in retail and I've seen those pallets of gallon filled jugs sit out in the hot summer sun. You never know when the plastic is going to leach into your water.
I bought a home distiller but even some of its parts are plastic. I spent a lot of money on it but the water it makes smells moldy so I don't use it. The home made distillers I find on youtube all use rubbermaid plastic containers or worse.
Water is so important to our health. I know this thread already exists here on this website. I hope to continue the conversation so that I can make 1 comprehensive list for us all that would include the costs, level of difficulty and pros and cons while also addressing conflicting research such as "distilled water leaches minerals fact or fiction?".
Dr. Weil drinks distilled water.
Ted's Borax/H20 baths help me immensely but then again, I'm bathing in tap water!! I don't have the money to filter my bathroom as well.
This is my first post and I would appreciate any feedback.
Thank you!
(and post reviews of their books too! )
Fl, Usa
Here is a Q & A by Dr Andrew Weil on Fluoride
I have read him through the years. He has so many red flags on many health matters that it is scary. Anyone trusting him will need all the luck that can get. I think Ted would be aghast at Weil's public stands on health matters. Trusting both Ted and Weils is living in contradiction.
SupportTed: I did the same as you worry. I read an article one time that said the nano pollutants from car exhausts are 300x as potent as regular sized. I spend 8 hours/day in a down town mall. I am exposed to a lot of pollution. In the 21st century there is a lot of pollution every where. First let me say that I drink 2 gallons of water per day all from plastic containers. I make 1 gallon a day water kefir in plastic. If the plastic leached into the kefir the microbes would die and they don't. I read the same articles you did. The coconut oil I take is in plastic. Reputable companies who sell their products in plastic have not been able to detect any plastic in their products. There are 2 things you can do to solve the pollution problem. Saponins from liquid yucca and insoluble fiber mop up the pollutants in the digestive tract before they get into the plasma. Soluble fiber, enzymes, and nutrients mop up the pollutants in the plasma before they get into the cells. Chia and apples are high in soluble fiber. Activated barley is high in enzymes. Raw organic and raw grass fed products are high in nutrients. The supplement highest in nutrients is rice bran solubles.
Ky, Usa
Prioris: I will second your observation as I have stopped altogether reading his daily or weekly publicity. Weil has obviously fallen off into his own little comfy, liberal world that doesn't challenge or remedy the real, hard core health concerns facing us moderns.
I have often wondered what a near-dead patient like me would encounter at his clinic. Needing radical intervention therapy, Weil would likely lecture me on dietary & lifestyle habits, and recommend relaxation and visual techniques, brushing & flossing my teeth, etc.
Distilled Water and Sea Salt
It was said earlier that adding sea salt to distilled water helps to absorb medicine better. But if you add sea salt to distilled water, isn't that like drinking ocean water? And everyone knows you can't drink ocean water.
Somewhere, Europe
Denver, Colorado
It's known that sharks breathe in sea water and they have been around a long time. When my dad had a heart attack the doctors put him on a low salt diet. That is bad advice. The chloride from salt is needed to make hydrochloric acid to digest food. Potassium, chloride, and sodium make electricity for the cells. Improperly processed table salt is bad for you. Tiny amounts of magnesium and potassium remove large amounts of excess sodium from the tissues. I take 6 grams of sun dried sea salt and 4 grams of dead sea salt every day. 1 gram of dead sea salt has 100mg. of magnesium and 50 mg of potassium. 23 oz. of sun dried sea salt can be purchased for $1.69. The sea salt in the grocery store is improperly processed. I get my salt from non gmo red miso. The orientals use sun dried sea salt in their products. Fish sauce from Thailand has sun dried sea salt. Salt, borax, antioxidants, acids, and enzymes from green papaya and pineapple dissolve hard stuff in the body like biofilm, kidney stones, and plaque.
Ted's Feedback
I was reading about your distilled water for detoxing for two days only. I am using a marine calcium and mineral supplement and was told to add it to distilled water or reverse osmosis water to get better results in raising the ph to 10.5, because I am adding this supplement to the distilled water would you still say that distilled water is not good to drink for more than two days?. One serving size is 4.3 grams to 1/2 gallon of distilled water and sip on it throughout the day. I did notice great results in my blood under a dark field microscope in just a few weeks of using this product. Before I used this product my red blood cells were clotted together and were very stringy then after three weeks of dringking this product my red blood cells were perfectly round with white rings and nucleous in the center. So is the distilled water a bad thing to use long term??? thanks in advance for your feedback....
Reno, Nevada
I do have a question to Ted or Dr. Andrew Weil, Natural Health, Natural Medicine....
I am drinking distilled water now for 9 years every day. I have a table top distiller. I am so glad to learn here, that i should add baking soda & sea salt to it. Yes, and i will also add a tiny bit of borax now to my 5 gallon container, thanks so much for the info.
Sofar i did often add colloidal silver, as i have one of those, too.
Now i would like to know, does a distiller (via vaporization, like mine) take out the fluoride & chlorine??? Nano-particles? I sure hope so.
You would not believe, the cuck, gue that is left in my pot. Our faucet water is so bad, its a crime against humanity.
Buffalo, Ny
Doug and others. Don't just rely on one site to persuade you on the benefits or ills of distilled water. The water falling from the sky is distilled water. Why would drinking it all the time be a problem. I drink it every day and all day and have for years. And if it seems to smell, put it through activated carbon (which is standard procedure for distilled water, to remove VOCs which are what make distilled water smell sometimes) And if after that you believe it tastes bad, it's more likely that you're tasting the odor/flavor in your mouth. Give it a few days and you'll not want to drink anything else. And I've researched distilled water extensively and nowhere did I ever see a reference that said fluoride is not removed in the distilling process. Just the opposite. So I challenge the statement here and I can say they are wrong.
Distilled water / Detoxification
I feel compelled to comment on Ted's assertion that distilled water should only be taken for 1-2 days for the need of detoxifying heavy metals.
If someone is found to be seriously contaminated with mercury or other heavy metals, the detoxification process can take several months and even up to 2 years. In some cases is must be done very, very slowly in order to keep the side effects to a minimum. I'm not sure about distilled water, but detoxification takes much longer than 2 days.
Dr. Andrew Cutler has studied this for over 10 years, helping people recover from autism, CFS, fibromyalgia, and even misdiagnosed multiple sclerosis using his specific detailed protocol. A google search will turn up more information.
I have been using thiosulfate to de-chlorinate our tap water whenever we run out of distilled water. But I've just realized that table salt is sodium chloride. When I put thiosulfate in the water to make soup, and then add salt and thiosulfate, does it bind the chlorine from the salt? And if it does, is this freed sodium something to worry about. Thanks


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Why you should stay with us…
Experience the luxury of the Beachfront Voyager, Burnie's Motel on the Waterfront. We are situated in the centre of the CBD and Burnie's new Waterfront Development overlooking West Beach, on the beautiful North West Coast.
Enjoy fine foods and wines in Raindrops Steak and Seafood Restaurant serving locally grown Beef and Seafoods all week including Sundays.
Corporate clients are our specialty and we cater for Functions, Seminars and Small Meetings.
We are only half an hour's leisurely drive from where the Spirit of Tasmania I and II berth and we provide you with the comfort and security of off-street parking for your car.
Innkeepers member Beachfront Voyager Motor Inn is part of the prestigious Innkeepers Collection. The motel is an accredited tourism business approved by the Tourism Council of Australia (Tasmania).


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|Job Title
|Fundraising Manager - EXPIRED
|Contract Type
|£35k - 42k per year
|Job Published
|26 Sep 2016
|Contact Name
|Fundraising Team
|Contact Email
This vibrant youth organization is searching for their new Fundraising Manager to join their enthusiastic team. The charity has recently launched a five year strategic plan with ambitious annual targets, and are looking for a self-starter to implement a new fundraising strategy. This is a new role within the organization, and as such, you will establish new funding areas and increase income from a variety of funding streams. A strong communicator, you will be able to engage with the organizations numerous stakeholders and supporters across the country.
This is a great opportunity for a fundraiser looking for a varied role that will touch upon different income streams and areas of fundraising. You will be a self-starter who is comfortable working autonomously and as part of a team to implement strategic large scale, multi-year partnerships that supports the charity to deliver its mission.
Closing date: 28th September
If you are interested in this role or wish to register with TPP to hear about future posts, please call Andrew on 020 7198 6040 or send your CV to email@example.com. All applicants must be eligible to work in the UK
Plus free training for fundraisers!
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Assistant, Associate, or Full Professor of Medicine (Dietetics and Nutrition)
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Position Information
Position Details
|Position Number
|Class Title
|Assistant, Associate, or Full Professor of Medicine (Dietetics and Nutrition)
|Administrative Title
|No Administrative Function
|Job Description
The University of Central Florida (UCF), College of Medicine is seeking applicants for a clinical nutrition educator for the Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine. The successful applicant will participate in the College of Medicine's role in nutrition-related student education, patient care and community outreach. This is a non-tenure track faculty position.
This position was established as part of a private foundation grant from the Martin Andersen-Gracia Andersen Foundation. The goals of the grant are to fund ongoing development and advancement of the medical student nutrition curriculum, nutrition education of patients in UCF academic clinics and community outreach for nutrition and wellness programs. For the instructional effort, the successful candidate will have a key role in devising, maintaining and teaching innovative coursework. The clinics will provide a setting for the nutritionist to render direct care as well as precept medical students during their rotations with patients. Another essential role of this hire is to provide nutritional advice to our local communities, which is one of the outreach wellness initiatives supported by our university. The candidate will work with faculty dedicated to proper nutrition and related research, sports-related dietary concerns, and the relationships between nutrition, inflammation and other disease entities. A role in investigator-initiated or collaborative research is possible and encouraged.
Established in 2006, the UCF College of Medicine is an innovative and forward-looking medical school with a culture of collaboration and partnerships.
|Position Minimum Qualifications
Candidates must have a Ph.D. in nutrition or equivalent degree from an accredited institution; at least three years of post-training experience in clinical nutrition or dietetics as a registered dietician; licensure (current or within one year of hire) as a registered dietician in the state of Florida to provide and bill for nutrition services; and experience teaching nutrition and related topics at the undergraduate or graduate levels.
The preferred candidate will have experience teaching nutrition and related topics at the medical school level; experience in applying for local or national extramural grants in support of nutrition education; and experience in rendering nutrition care in outpatient clinic settings with a focus on patients with diabetes, gastrointestinal diseases, geriatric-related conditions and malnutrition.
|Special Conditions
This is a full-time position supported by contract & grants funding (C&G) and is contingent upon available funding.
|Equal Employment Opportunity Employer
As an equal opportunity/affirmative action employer, UCF encourages all qualified applicants to apply, including women, veterans, individuals with disabilities, and members of traditionally underrepresented populations. UCF's Equal Opportunity Statement can be viewed at: http://eeo.ucf.edu/documents/PresidentsStatement.pdf. As a Florida public university, UCF makes all application materials and selection procedures available to the public upon request.
|Additional Application Materials Required
An online application must be submitted to www.jobswithucf.com in order to officially be considered for an open position. In addition to the online application, candidates must also submit a cover letter, CV and the contact information for three professional references including capacity of the relationship.
NOTE: Please have all documents ready when applying so they can be attached at that time. Once the online submission process is finalized, the system does not allow applicants to submit additional documents at a later date.
Please contact Brittany Hofmann at firstname.lastname@example.com with questions
|Requisition Number
|Job Open Date
|Job Close Date
|Open until filled
|Academic Affairs
|College of Medicine (COM)
|COM - Internal Medicine
|Annual Salary
|Type of Appointment
|Job Category
|Work Location
|Lake Nona
|Quick Link
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Optional & Required Documents
- Curriculum Vitae/Resume
- Cover Letter
- Other Doc 1
- Other Doc 2
- Other Doc 3
- Other Doc 4
- Other Doc5
- Other Doc 6
- Other Doc 7


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Design Methods to Defer Costs on Batch Projects
This paper analyzes two methods of deferring costs associated with the installation of batch automation systems. The first defers cost by postponing the configuration of recipes and batch management until after start-up. With this method operations personnel manually coordinate the execution of phases and maintain a paper batch record. Often this leads to a design that uses larger and more specialized phases since the execution of the recipe is not automated. A batch management package and recipes can be added at some later time to create a fully automated process. The alternative design implements the batch management package up-front, postponing the configuration of automatic phases until later. Operations personnel would then use the batch management package to guide them through the process as they manipulate the control modules at the direction of the batch management package. Automated phases are implemented in stages deferring costs over time. This implementation can be carried out in a prioritized order, based on operator input, specifying which process operations are the most time consuming and difficult. The two methodologies are examined for potential pitfalls and benefits of each. Compromises that must be made, as well as the functional advantages and deficiencies of each approach will be discussed.08/26/2008
Safety Logic in Modular Batch Automation
In the early days of batch automation there was usually a central computer that controlled everything. This computer ran recipes, executed sequential logic, did data acquisition of process variables and also performed direct digital control (DDC) of analog and discrete devices. Since one computer did every thing from sequencing to DDC it was only natural to imbed the shutdown and safety logic into the batch sequential code that was running normal operations. And since one huge monolithic program ran the entire process, the safety logic was always running. In modern S88 (IEC61512) based modular batch automation systems the monolithic code has been replaced by smaller reusable phases controlled by a batch manager that runs recipes. Many who have grown up with DDC imbed safety logic inside the phases. This approach requires an active equipment phase at all times to keep safety logic available at all times. There is a problem with this approach. Phases are transient by nature. They have a beginning and an end. You cannot guarantee that there will always be an active equipment phase. Although there may be some holding logic associated only with a specific phase, often this logic is generic and should be moved up to the unit level. This paper looks at methods available to the user for safety and exception recovery logic in current modular batch systems. Included are case studies of five separate batch projects where recognizing exception conditions and executing safety shutdown logic was essential.08/28/2008
The Project Management Office
The purpose of this paper is to explain the general concepts, purposes, specific responsibilities and requirements associated with an effective project management office.07/14/2008
Wireless Concerns in Industrial Applications
Why is Lack of Interoperability in Wireless a Concern in Industrial Applications?
While the available potential for wireless deployment in factory automation is high, the adoption of wireless is plagued by various concerns surrounding the wireless technology, one of which is lack of interoperability. In the recent past, interoperability was not as major concern as it is currently. People predominantly used to build their own systems or purchased them from a single supplier. Increasing plant automation has spurred the demand for wireless devices and systems for numerous applications like monitoring, alarm and telemetry with a large number of suppliers offering these systems or solutions. They are often customized on proprietary protocols but not based on a common standard or architecture. As a result, these devices offered from multiple suppliers are not often compatible with one another. So even though the options have increased, the end users have become more concerned about the compatibility of the devices.10/08/2008
System Configuration Management and Version Control in an FDA Regulated Environment
Managing the genealogy of database configuration and its life cycle is critical to following 21 CFR Part 11. In addition to recipes and equipment model configurations, phase logic and control strategies residing in automated control systems are an integral part of automated batch execution. Typical configuration management systems do not provide the capability to implement and guarantee a standard development procedure for the database configuration. With a set of enforced qualification states and GAMPbased transitions, a strategy that has been properly tested and approved with signatures can be installed on a process system. For control systems operating in validated environments, this procedure is paramount. This paper explores the life cycle management requirements for batch phase logic and control strategies executing in a validated environment.06/23/2008
Delivering Process Information to the Desktop Using Next-Generation Microsoft Office Products
Optimizing production starts with collecting and analyzing a wide variety of data, including continuous process data, batch event data, and other event data, such as material movements and manual operations. Until now, manufacturers have had to rely on costly approaches for integrating and analyzing the process information they need to better understand and improve their production. Whats required is a cost-effective, easy-to-use method of querying, analyzing, and presenting information at the desktop of plant supervisors, engineers, and management. The right solution takes advantage of open technologies and commodity desktop tools and hides the underlying complexity that comes from dealing with diverse data sources. Proprietary or industrial desktop tools have not provided the ease of use and flexibility available in todays office products. Standard Microsoft Office products and web browsers will significantly lower the cost of delivering information to the desktop. The future lies in using these powerful new commodity tools to provide batch and continuous process information to the desktops of business decision-makers and other knowledge workers in the plant and throughout the enterprise.08/26/2008
Video Process Monitoring
The white paper describes the hardware and software elements of a video process monitoring system, how it uses the plants industrial network to transmit video to the control system and how the video images appear on HMI screens.09/10/2008
Integrating Batch Automation with New Product Development: Meeting the Challenge
A major cosmetics manufacturer had just finished the first production run of a brand new skin cleanser, when the error was discovered an ingredient in the cleanser was wrong. Upon investigating, it was discovered that a data entry person had accidentally keyed not the final approved formula, but a previous unapproved version into MES/ERP. The entire production run, including bottles and labels, was disposed of at a $250,000 loss. Traditionally, it has been difficult for product developers to share information not just with manufacturing, but even among themselves. Formulas, and other product development data has been scattered across the enterprise in various R&D labs, and isolated in spreadsheets, legacy systems, disorganized file cabinets or lab notebooks. Due to the lack of a centralized product development information system linked to MES/ERP, formulas have usually been manually keyed, inevitably creating batch errors. A new breed of product development software has emerged that centralizes all product development data, automates the product development process and creates a seamless link between R&D and MES/ERP, ensuring accurate and timely communication not only of new product formulas, but also of modifications to existing formulas. This presentation will highlight this software and detail how it can be used to improve integration of batch automation with new product development.08/28/2008
ISA 95 Integration Between SAP R/3 And Batch In Pharmaceutical Applications
The ISA 95 Enterprise to Manufacturing integration model is used to structure the integration processes between business systems and the plant floor. Through the use of the ISA 95 structures, a common denominator business model was established for integrating SAPs R/3 PP-PI transactions and data structures with an ISA 88 batch automation data structure.06/23/2008
Seamless Project Execution, from URS to Implementation and Maintenance
Since ISA S88 is widely used within the process industry, process engineers and automation engineers from the DCS vendors use a common terminology and structure to describe batch processes and production. Why not use this common language to create a DCS independent relational database, mapping the S88 plant model supporting the life-cycle of the project from (Unit Requirements specification (URS) to maintenance? Starting with the URS, data are entered in the database and over the subsequent project phases more and more details are added by the control engineers. The consequent use of types and instances together with the possibility to define rules for the later generation of software reduces the necessary input to a minimum. As just one database exists instead of several documents, data inconsistency is impossible. Later the DCS specific solutions are referenced to the system independent types in the database. The software for the DCS is generated, applying the rules set for the project. The implementation time and the number of faults is reduced dramatically. The content of the database is documented automatically through several standardized reports according to GMP guidelines, providing a secure way to fully comply with FDA requirements. Test documents are generated in a similar way.08/24/2008
Establishing Compliance of Batch SCADA Systems with FDA cGMP 21 CFR Part 11
FDA enforcement of a 1997 cGMP regulation, 21 CFR Part 11, for electronic records and signatures, is imminent. Compliance policy Guidelines were issued May 1999 to clarify the agencys expectations of pharmaceutical and medical device manufacturers. FDA scrutiny of system implementations is anticipated to be extensive. The popular use of open architectures and commercial-off-the-shelf software products for automated batch control and data management has introduced many challenges to compliance with this regulation. In addition, legacy systems are not exempt and verification of data integrity compliance is expected to be retroactive. Batch SCADA systems have the proven ability to reduce costs and improve product consistency and the industry is heavily dependent upon their continued application in the manufacturing environment. Regulatory requirements shall be reviewed, with real-world examples of assessment and compliance resolution for Batch SCADA Systems. System functionality requirements shall be stressed without direct reference to product or service brand names.08/28/2008
The Fundamentals of Refractory Inspection with Infrared Thermography
Thermography has been used to inspect the condition of refractory lined vessels and piping for many years now. It is a proven and accepted method for locating damaged and missing refractory material. Most companies however, do not fully understand the full benefits of performing refractory surveys. They mainly use thermography only before a plant turnaround to determine the extent of refractory damage in order to estimate the materials and labor needed for the repairs. This paper discusses the fundamentals of refractory inspection and how Thermal Diagnostics Limited has been using Infrared thermography in Trinidad and Tobago as an effective means of predicting areas of future refractory problems in addition to pre-turnaround surveys.07/29/2008
Simatic HMI
The "WinCC Security Concept" documentation contains recommended and mandatory procedures for planning and building secure, networked WinCC automation solutions with connected Web clients, SIMATIC IT applications and office networks based on customer specifications. This documentation serves as both a reference and a guide for network administrators working in the following areas:
- Configuration of WinCC
- Commissioning and servicing of WinCC
- Management of company networks
It is intended to facilitate cooperation.10/20/2008
Security Concept PCS 7 and WinCC
The paper provides an in depth tutorial of how to help secure networks in production plants. Its recommendations are based on latest platform technology, current standards and WinCC and PCS 7 product features. It offers comprehensive coverage of security concepts and up-to-date detail documents that explore specific solutions and recommended configuration based on specific products or topics.10/27/2008
The Price of the Split Between S88 and S95
There is a split between the S88 and S95 models. In the physical model of S95 procedures are not implemented. Why not use PFC for logistic procedures instead of BPML? Your engineers have to learn only one model. You can combine S88 and S95 to one physical model for batch, continuous and discrete processing including storage units.06/23/2008
Impact of Batch Software Upgrades on Validated Batch Applications
Batch software upgrades on validated batch applications raises many issues. This paper talks about guidelines on how much revalidation evidence is needed to meet regulatory requirements for validated batch applications, if changes made to software that is utilized in developing these automated applications. In addition, the benefits and liabilities expected after making upgrades to batch software. Often, it is difficult to estimate the level of testing effort needed to perform on a production system after implementing software upgrades. The outcome of this testing/documentation should provide sufficient data to demonstrate that software upgrades have no negative impact on equipment/product/process performance and the system has been restored to its validated status. This is the absolute requirement for Pharmaceutical Companies and should meet the guidelines required by FDA and internal company standards.06/23/2008
An Integrated System with Batch functions And Front-End Scheduling based on S88 - Application to Beverage Plant -
The case study in this paper illustrates the value of integrating front-end scheduling with a batch control system. Recipe changes, and addition of recipes, occur frequently in the target process. However, since both scheduler and batch packages were designed with the ISA-S88.01 model in mind, these packages could be tightly coupled (well integrated) and, as a result, it is easy to add or change recipes. The frontend scheduler is not limited to performing scheduling; it also provides an easy-to-grasp real-time production status display which can help enhance efficiency and productivity.08/28/2008
Performance Comparison of Flexible Detector Designs
The purpose of this paper is to present test results of recent measurements on a scintillating fill fluid (i.e., liquid scintillator filled) detector and a scintillating fiber bundle detector designs, and explain the observed differences in efficiency. In our measurements we observe an improvement of factor of 2.4 in light output for a fill fluid detector compared to scintillating fiber bundle detector of the same diameter and length.02/06/2008
"Collaborate-Breakthrough-Profit:" A Myth, Minefield or Treasure Chest?
The objective of this paper is to provide an outlook on emerging Collaborative Production Management (CPM) tools. It will discuss these CPM tools in relation to material transfers (ingredient addition) in Batch manufacturing. Illustrating what collaborative initiatives these tools are likely to support, why they are required and how they may be deployed. The concept of collaborating is an old concept, but Collaborative Production Management, and the notion of CPM tools is a relatively new manufacturing trend. One that has been revitalized by the internet and the advent of more open manufacturing systems. Today global measurement and control suppliers find they are being pushed hard by manufacturers to increase their development momentum in this emerging area of collaborative production management tools.06/23/2008
E-Business Will Change Manufacturing Strategies
Initially E-Business was surrounded by much hype, but, eventually, E-Business will enable new business models in manufacturing. Collaboration processes, touted in E-Business, are only possible if manufacturing is an agile component of the extended supply chain. A product must be made to a demand signal or accurate forecast to fulfill the order and ensure a satisfied customer. However, EBusiness has not yet been adequately translated by the business into actionable manufacturing priorities. E-Business Trading Exchanges will eventually move from procurement buy side to sell side processes. In the automation process, more inventories will be eliminated from the supply chain. Reliable delivery from manufacturing will become more critical as the margin for error diminishes. Manufacturers must focus on consistency and delivery to demand. Integration of plant information processes and product specification management as part of managing the product lifecycle is important manufacturing foundations for E-Business. S88 and SP95 provide a useful framework to support these strategies. Most manufacturers are still translating business strategies into coordinated IT and business initiatives. They are trying to do too much and many IT initiatives are still disconnected. This will constrain E-Business initiatives dependent on integrated back end IT and business processes. To prepare for E-Business manufacturers must build organizational readiness and governance, manage integration, and integrate information across the extended supply chain against priorities set by the business strategy. This paper will discuss industry trends, pitfalls, and make pragmatic recommendations for manufacturers confronted with the challenge of moving manufacturing to align with emerging EBusiness Strategies.08/26/2008


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