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Los Rivets colorful 500 St.Item #: 21849
Grundpreis: 0,04 €/piece
Add the product directly to your basket by clicking the checkbox
Los Rivets colorful 500 St.
Coloured rivets without Gewinnn for your raffle
Surprise your party guests but with a raffle and lots of colorful brew it and the corresponding Los rivets without winning number.With the Los rivets you have it in hand, what odds you want to play.The more Los Rivets you your winning numbers in mixed more difficult it is to win the coveted prize.With a raffle you have a fast attraction for any event.No matter whether it is a charity event or a commercial event, with lots of colorful and the corresponding end portion of Lot rivets can be a great event sponsors.Raffle tickets & Rivets are a must for all clubs and event organizers!
The packing colorful Los Rivets contain 500 rivets and give you the option 500 rivets to sell or give away, on any profits must be given.The colorful Los Rivets come in the form of rolls in red; Blue, Orange and Yellow.Get you best equal nor the associated lots with printed winning number such.b our Colorful rolls Lots Hits 50 piece .
Package included: 1 x Lot rivets colorful 500 St.
- Contents: Bag with 500 pieces
- Color: red, blue; Orange; Yellow
- Size: aboutBound 4 cm x 0.6 cm in the middle
- Proverbs as a consolation


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Death Cab for Cutie Announce Tour, Live DVD
Photo by Danny Clinch
Pacific Northwest indie kings Death Cab for Cutie will release their new album Codes and Keys May 31 on Atlantic. Spin reports that the band will kick off a short North American trek May 18 in Toronto, wrapping it up about three weeks later. The Lonely Forest will open most of the tour, and Death Cab will play a few dates with Bright Eyes along the way. After that trip wraps up, they'll also head over to Europe in June and July for another tour. We've got their dates below.
If you can't make it out to any of those shows, you'll still get a chance to glimpse the Death Cab live experience from your living room. The band recently announced on their Facebook page that they've got a new DVD, Live at the Mt. Baker Theatre, coming out on the same day as Codes and Keys. The DVD features performances from a two-night stand that the band played in Bellingham, Washington, its old stomping grounds, in April 2009. Below, you can catch a fan-made video of the band performing "Expo '86" at one of those shows.
Death Cab for Cutie:
05-18 Toronto, Ontario - Phoenix Concert Theatre #
05-20 Chicago, IL - Metro #
05-21 Minneapolis, MN - First Avenue #
05-24 Edmonton, Alberta - Shaw Conference Center *
05-25 Calgary, Alberta - Stampede Corral *
05-27 Bend, OR - Les Schwab Amphitheatre *
05-28 George, WA - Sasquatch Music Festival
06-01 New York, NY - Bowery Ballroom #
06-03 Washington, DC - 9:30 Club #
06-04 Philadelphia, PA - Trocadero #
06-05 Boston, MA - The Paradise #
06-07 Los Angeles, CA - El Rey Theatre #
06-09 San Francisco, CA - Fillmore #
06-26 Munich, Germany - Muffathalle
06-27 Berlin, Germany - Astra
06-29 Hamburg, Germany - The Docks
06-30 Amsterdam, Netherlands - Melkweg
07-01 Kent, England - Hop Farm Festival
07-02 Milton Keynes, England - The National Bowl
07-04 Manchester, England - Manchester Academy
07-05 Nottingham, England - Rock City
07-07 London, England - Brixton Academy
with the Lonely Forest
- with Bright Eyes

subset: commoncrawl


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Thorough Bank Failure CoverageThere have been no bank or thrift failures in Texas this year. Since the current wave of bank and thrift closures began in 2008, Texas has seen only 10 failures, which reflects the state's escape from the word effects of the real estate crisis, but is still a small number, considering how many banks there are in the state. Georgia leads all states with 75 institutions closed by regulators since the beginning of 2008, followed by Florida, with 60 failures, Illinois with 48, and California, with 38 bank and thrift closures. There were two bank failures in Georgia and Minnesota on Friday. All 423 U.S. bank and thrift closures since the beginning of 2008 are detailed in TheStreet's interactive bank failure map:
Philip van Doorn. To follow the writer on Twitter, go to http://twitter.com/PhilipvanDoorn.


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AUSTIN, Texas – May 1, 2013 – National Instruments (Nasdaq: NATI) today announced the promotion of Eric Starkloff to senior vice president of marketing. Eric leads the organizations responsible for strategic planning, positioning the company's innovative hardware and software platforms, marketing NI's products and corporate brand and creating an effective eBusiness platform.
"Eric and his teams have been responsible for the adoption and success of NI test and embedded systems platforms that have served as growth engines for the company over the past decade," said Dr. James Truchard, president, CEO and cofounder of National Instruments. "Eric's integrity, work ethic, commitment to continual learning and inspired dedication from those who work with him give me confidence in his ability to help the organization scale into the future."
"Eric helped spearhead our entry into application opportunities such as RF, leading strategic initiatives that further drive the completion of our platform in this space," said Alex Davern, COO, CFO and executive vice president. "Since joining NI in 1997, Eric has recruited and developed top talent, built and motivated high-performing teams and demonstrated outstanding leadership abilities crucial to driving our organization forward."
Read Eric Starkloff's full bio.
Since 1976, NI ( www.ni.com ) has made it possible for engineers and scientists to solve the world's greatest engineering challenges with powerful platform-based systems that accelerate productivity and drive rapid innovation. Customers from a wide variety of industries – from healthcare to automotive and from consumer electronics to particle physics – use NI's integrated hardware and software platform to improve the world we live in.


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Excellence in Teaching (Teaching Assistant)
Each year, the University at Albany honors special members of its community with Excellence Awards denoting exceptional contributions to the life of the campus. Two faculty members received this tribute in 2008 for Excellence in Teaching (Teaching Assistant).
Dana Basnight-Brown, Psychology
Dana Basnight-Brown is pursuing her doctoral degree in cognitive psychology and expects to graduate this year. Throughout her graduate studies Dana has distinguished herself as a teacher, mentor, student, and scholar. As an instructor, she has taught perhaps the two most challenging courses in the Department of Psychology's curriculum: Statistical Methods; and Experimental Psychology. Both are required courses with minimum grades for admission to the major. Dana has done an outstanding job teaching these courses. Her teaching ratings are exemplary, much higher than the Department average for these courses. She received equally high ratings for an upper-level course – Memory and Cognition – which is a restricted elective in the major. Dana is very passionate about teaching and highly dedicated to her students. She makes herself available to students outside of class and is always willing to help them. In the classroom she is energetic and enthusiastic. Her syllabi are well-organized and comprehensive. Her grading policies are well-articulated, transparent and fair. She puts a lot of time into preparing her courses and the results speak for themselves. As a doctoral candidate, Dana has published in peer-reviewed journals and is active in professional societies.
Excellence in Teaching (Teaching Assistant)
|Dana Basnight-Brown
|Alice Krause
Languages, Literatures & Cultures


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Winding down, Clint black
#----------------------------------PLEASE NOTE---------------------------------# #This file is the author's own work and represents their interpretation of the # #song. You may only use this file for private study, scholarship, or research. # #------------------------------------------------------------------------------# # Date: 6/28/97; 11:57:21 PM From: firstname.lastname@example.com Subject: Clint Black Winding Down By Clint Black Intro:G C G C G Am As past times go I guess I've seen some good D G It's not always the best ones come and stay C G There's a crowd that thinks there is one Am And it should F G C Cause they seem to spend theirs the some old way Chorus: D And they call it winding down G F The six to ten crowd, smoky bars C F Notes on napkins and business cards C G C Describe the days events and go on home D And it's likely they won't drown G F The price goes up and one more round C F They close up all the bars downtown C G C As the singer plays one last rip roaring song G Am It seems like the same ole motions every night D G He wants to hear a golden oldie to take him back C G Am And I'll play out all the emotions I can't fight F G C Relive the tensions and hope they're on the right track repeat chorus: D G Honky tonk heroes are turn the page F C And the books are closed tonight G F Cause everybody knows you gottta leave'em up G C So they'll go home feeling right F G You gotta leave'em up so they'll go home C Feeling right
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About Last Night
What you missed while dodging errant gunfire by Bobby Knight ...
• College basketball: Take the A Train ... Ellington, North Carolina subdue Ohio State, 66-55.
• NBA: Ow, my dialing finger! James injured as Pistons beat Cavaliers 109-74.
• Soccer: The lads from Liverpool are still alive in the Champions League.


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The fate of Washington's two-thirds requirement for tax hikes is now in the hands of the state Supreme Court. The justices Tuesday heard oral arguments in a constitutional challenge to the supermajority threshold.
The case was brought by a dozen Democratic lawmakers. Last year they tried unsuccessfully to close a tax break with a simple majority vote.
Attorney Paul Lawrence represents the lawmakers and other plaintiffs. He called the supermajority requirement an "elephant that's been stalking" Olympia for years.
Lawrence: "In fact it's working exactly as intended, and in so doing it's taking off the table legislative options to address the state's most pressing problems, including the ability to fund education as constitutionally required."
Washington's Solicitor General argued in defense of the law. She questioned whether the lawmakers even have the standing to bring such a challenge to court. A decision on this case is possible by the end of the year.
Meanwhile, Washington voters will once again decide this November whether to approve another supermajority ballot measure courtesy of initiative promoter Tim Eyman.
Copyright 2012 Northwest News Network


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By Michael F. Roizen, MD
Cold and flu season is around the corner, but that doesn't mean you have to stock up on tissues and wait for symptoms to make you miserable. To keep fever, sneezing, runny nose, and other gnarly symptoms at bay, just do a daily 30-minute walk and chow down on these foods to give your immune system a hefty boost.
Use the power of healthful protein. One of protein's many jobs is pumping up your ability to make disease-busting antibodies. Just steer clear of fatty red meats and full-fat dairy foods (they promote heart-hazardous inflammation). Pick up healthy-fat, high-protein foods, such as nonfat dairy, skinless white-meat chicken, ground turkey breast, tofu, fish, and beans.
Healthy snacks that help you lose
Load up on colorful fruits and veggies. Oranges, strawberries, bell peppers, broccoli, tomatoes, kiwifruit … all are loaded with vitamin C and flavonoids, which help your body churn out protective immune cells. Or take 400 milligrams (mg) of vitamin C three times daily at the first sign of invasion.
Sip hot tea. People who drink 5 cups (about 3 mugs) of black tea daily produce 10 times more virus-fighting interferon than coffee drinkers. It's also full of flavonoids, powerful vitamin-like substances that reduce immune-system aging.
6 reasons to get a flu shot this year
Go a little nutty. Pumpkin seeds are great year 'round, not just at Halloween, because they contain zinc -- a nutrient that's been shown to help reduce the average length of the common cold. Other seeds -- sesame, flax seed, sunflower -- are also great for fighting off bugs.
Eat yogurt (unpasteurized). Check labels for types that contain the live, active cultures of Lactobacillus acidophilus, a healthy bacterium that helps thwart fungus-related infections. Or take a 20-milligram acidophilus supplement twice daily.
Reach for 100% whole-grain cereals. Oatmeal, shredded wheat, and other whole-grain cereals deliver three nutrients proved to enhance immunity: selenium, zinc, and beta glucan.
Spice up your chicken soup. If you catch something anyway, chicken soup shortens its duration by 50%. One theory about why (there are many): Cooked chicken releases cysteine, an amino acid that's chemically similar to acetylcysteine, a bronchitis drug. Up the soup's knockout punch to cold and flu bugs by tossing in infection-fighting garlic and hot red pepper, which contains capsaicin, a powerful decongestant.
Discover more foods that boost immunity
Michael F. Roizen, MD, is the cofounder of RealAge.com and chief wellness officer at the Cleveland Clinic.
Get More Health Tips From RealAge
RealAge Test: Reverse body aging now with the free RealAge test
Do you have enough fiber in your diet? Get the guidelines
How to tell if you have Adult ADHD
Fibromyalgia symptoms: what it feels like
Signs your thyroid is going haywire


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- Introduction
- GP & Dentist
- Self-help
- Register with a GP
- Vaccinations
- Drug & Alcohol Support
- Advice for Pregnant Students
Throughout your journey at Edge Hill, there may be times when you feel overwhelmed, stressed, anxious or low in mood. If you do feel like this or are finding things difficult in any other way, please do not hesitate to access support and advice as early as possible, via Student Services.
Our Health and Wellbeing team offers support and advice to all students, in relation to any issue which may be impacting on their wellbeing. Assessments, short-term follow-up, and signposting and liaison with both internal and external teams is also provided.
The team runs a number of health promotion events throughout the academic year and can assist students with general wellbeing issues, including sexual health, diet and exercise, and drugs and alcohol advice.
The Health and Wellbeing Team works closely with the Accommodation Team and therefore, any student wellbeing issues which arise in Halls, will be passed on to the team and the student will be contacted and offered additional support.
The team is based in the Student Information Centre (SIC).
The SIC is open at the following times:
- Monday to Friday: 08:30 – 17:00
Contact Us
To make an appointment email firstname.lastname@example.com, phone 01695 584554 or call in to the Student Information Centre (SIC).
GP & Dentist
We strongly recommend that you register with Beacon Primary Care Medical Practice, preferably within the first two weeks of starting at Edge Hill. It is not a good idea to leave it until you need to see a doctor as the registration process may delay your appointment.
Beacon Primary Care
Railway Road Surgery
9-11 Railway Road
Tel: 01695 736000
Web: beaconprimarycare.org.uk
Beacon Primary Care Medical Practice work in close partnership with the university and provide surgeries and health care from our premises in Milton House.
Not sure whether you need to see a GP? If you have a minor ailment, you might only need to visit a pharmacy. Have a look at this leaflet for more information.
You can register with any GP practice and below is a selection of other GP practices in Ormskirk:
Parkgate Surgery
28 St Helens Road
Tel: 01695 736177
Web: parkgatesurgery.co.uk
Ormskirk Medical Practice
18 Derby Street
Tel: 01695 588808
Web: ormskirkmedicalpractice.nhs.uk
The Elms Practice
16 Derby Street
Tel: 01695 588710
Web: theelmspractice.nhs.uk
County Road Surgery
109 County Road
Tel: 01695 588866
Web: countyroadsurgery.org
Dental examinations are available at Ravat and Ray Dental Practice based in the West Lancashire Health Centre, Ormskirk District General Hospital – to make an appointment ring: 01695 578019
NHS dental treatment is FREE for people under 18 (19 if in full time education). Other exemptions do apply. Please ask for details. Evidence of exemption must be brought with you to each dental appointment.
If you are not exempt, you will pay one of four fixed charges relating to the type of treatment you require. You will be required to pay for your treatment on the day of your appointment.
Band 1 – £19.70
Band 2 – £53.90
Band 3 – £233.70
Urgent Treatment – £19.70
Alcohol Misuse
Alcohol misuse means drinking excessively – more than the recommended limits of alcohol consumption.
This can lead to a number of harmful physical and psychological effects, such as alcohol poisoning, cirrhosis of the liver, inability to work and socialise and destructive behaviours, such as drink-driving.
Find extensive information about alcohol misuse, related diseases, statistics and stories from people who live with alcohol dependency: Alcohol Misuse >>
Addaction is the UK's largest specialist drug and alcohol treatment charity. They work with 95,000 people every year, helping them and their families deal with the effects of drug and alcohol misuse. As well as adult services, they also provide services specially tailored to the needs of young people and parents. Click the links below for more information:
Young Addaction Lancashire
Addaction Service Information
Young Addaction Referral Form
Diet and exercise
- What does 100 calories look like?
- 5 a day on a budget!
- What are superfoods?
- Salt: the facts!
Just a small number of subjects covered on the NHS Food and Diet pages.
Find out how you could benefit from being more physically active and read the NHS Benefits of Exercise page which is crammed full of useful information.
Sexual Health and Contraception
Whatever questions you have about getting and using contraception, this guide can help. It aims to give practical information to everyone who wants to know more about contraception, including teenagers; women in their 20s, 30s and 40s; and anyone with a question about the method they use or are thinking about using.
You can find out about the 15 methods that are available on the NHS, together with where to get them and how to decide which method might work best for you.
Long Term Conditions
Living with a long-term condition brings challenges and it's important to have the confidence, support and information to take control of your condition. This is called self care, which means looking after yourself in a healthy way, whether it's taking your medicine properly or doing some exercise. Read the NHS guide and try the simple self-assessment tool >>
Whether your pain has just come on or you've lived with it for years, these tried-and-tested self-help steps can bring you relief. NHS help on offer for people with pain >>
Mental Health
If you're having mental health problems, you're not alone. One in four of us will have problems with our mental health at some time in our lives. Read some of the NHS articles on mental health >>
Register with a GP
We strongly recommend that you register with Beacon Primary Care Medical Practice as soon as you can. It is not a good idea to leave it until you need to see a doctor as the registration process may delay your appointment.
Beacon Primary Care
Railway Road Surgery
9-11 Railway Road
Tel: 01695 736000
Web: beaconprimarycare.org.uk
Beacon hold regular surgeries at Milton House (Health and Wellbeing Centre, Ruff Lane) at the following times:
Monday, 10:00 – 11:15
Sexual Health and Contraception Clinic drop-in
Monday, 13:30 – 16:00
GP pre-bookable appointments
Wednesday, 13:30 – 16:00
Friday, 14:30 – 16:00
Registered patients can access a range of services, including:
Meningitis ACWY vaccinations
Sexual health checks
Pill checks
Implant fitting
Coil fitting
Travel vaccinations
Minor operations
Flu vaccinations (for those eligible)
Asthma checks
Diabetes checks
Appointments at other times can be arranged via the Beacon Surgery number on 01695 736000.
Not sure whether you need to see a GP? If you have a minor ailment, you might only need to visit a pharmacy. Have a look at this leaflet for more information.
If you need medical attention during vacation or weekends away from Edge Hill, you can see any GP as a temporary resident for a period of up to 12 weeks. You do not need to re-register with your own GP during vacation.
If you become unwell, please make an appointment to see your GP. Outside of GP opening hours, please seek medical advice and attention using the services below:
NHS 111: call 111 free from any phone
You can also visit:
West Lancashire Health Centre
Ormskirk & District General Hospital
Wigan Road
Tel: 01695 577111
Opening times: 08:00 – 22:00 7 days a week.
For more information on health and wellbeing, visit the NHS Choices website.
Public Health England provide advice and guidance to young people starting University about the vaccinations needed. There is a range of information available on the Public Health England webpages.
Have you been vaccinated against Meningitis and Measles? Find out more below.
MenACWY vaccination
If you have received this vaccine from your GP before coming to University or in a previous year there is no need to have this again. You may have had a MenC vaccination as a baby and again more recently but this will not protect you against other meningococcal groups. The MenACWY vaccine will increase your protection against MenC and help to protect them against three other meningococcal groups (A, W and Y). The advice is to have MenACWY if you have not previously received it even if you have been vaccinated against MenC.
If you did not get this vaccine before starting university you need to contact your local GP and ask them for this as soon as possible (preferably in the first few weeks of term). If you haven't yet registered with a local GP please see further details of how to do this on our webpages.
Meningococcal bacteria can cause meningitis (inflammation of the lining of the brain) and septicaemia (blood poisoning). Both diseases are very serious and can kill, especially if not diagnosed early. The early symptoms of meningococcal disease are similar to those of flu, so students need to be able to recognise the symptoms very quickly (even if they have been vaccinated, the vaccines offered through the routine immunisation programme do not protect against all forms of the disease). A full description of the signs and symptoms of meningitis and septicaemia can be found at www.meningitis.org and www.meningitisnow.org.
Older students are at greatest risk of the MenW meningococcal disease, especially when starting university where they will come into contact with many new people of a similar age, so they will need to get vaccinated to protect themselves. Vaccination also reduces the risk of them carrying the bacteria and so protects other people. This should, in turn, prevent the numbers increasing to serious levels. It is still important to know the signs and symptoms of meningitis and septicaemia because there are many other bacteria that can also cause these illnesses, including the group B strain that is not covered by this vaccination.
Public Health England (PHE) is also reminding young people to make sure they are vaccinated against measles after new cases were reported across England. Young people who are unsure if they have been fully vaccinated should check with their GP and make an appointment to ensure they receive the 2 doses of MMR vaccine required. More information about measles and the MMR Vaccine can be found on this Public Health England leaflet
Drug & Alcohol Support
Worried about your drug or alcohol use?
If you are under 25 you can get confidential advice from Young Addaction. Visit their Facebook page to find out more: facebook.com/YoungAddactionLancs
Advice for Pregnant Students
The document below details what your next steps should be if you discover you are pregnant while at university.


text: Desalle, Herlings Top Latvia World MX Cycle News Staff | June 29, 2010Clement Desalle and Jeffrey Herlings came back onto the top of the MX1 and MX2 podium, respectively, as both collected their second Grand Prix win of the season at the Latvian Grand Prix, June 27. Four hard fought motos made it an exciting day of racing for the Latvian fans who also received the visit of the country's Prime Minister Mr. Valdis Dombrovskis at this second edition of the Latvian GPDesalle won from MX1 Championship leader and second heat winner Antonio Cairoli, with Steve Ramon completing the overall podium. Both Cairoli and Ramon made their comeback to the rostrum.Securing the second career GP win courtesy of his victory in heat two, Herlings took first overall ahead of Ken Roczen and Steven Frossard, all starring a three-way battle for first in a dramatic final heat.MX1Narrowly missing out on the Latvia Grand Prix victory last year due to a technical problem, Rockstar Teka Suzuki's Desalle completed his mission this weekend and took also his second victory of 2010. The Belgian charged hard in the opening moto to take a provisional second within the first half of the race, then moved on to pass a fast Evgeny Bobryshev and snatch the lead. In the final moto instead he settled to second behind Cairoli with the result being enough to earn the overall win.A disappointed Cairoli took second on the podium behind Desalle. The Red Bull KTM Factory Racing rider struggled to pass David Philippaerts in the opening moto and was impossible to catch the top three riders by the time he had moved up to fourth. The Italian took his revenge by winning the second moto in dominant style and work his way up to the overall podium.Other Rockstar Teka Suzuki rider Ramon completed the podium, with the Suzuki duo sandwiching the championship leader on the podium. Ramon rode two steady motos to take two third places. The podium brought Ramon up to fourth in the championship, while teammate Desalle is second.CAS Honda's Bobryshev narrowly missed his maiden podium finish. The Russian was about to win moto one when Desalle charged hard in the final laps and moved past. Bobryshev took second eventually but could not repeat himself in moto two, finishing a distant fourth. Ending level in points with Ramon, Bobryshev took fourth overall.Kawasaki Racing's Xavier Boog completed the top five ahead of Philippaerts and Max Nagl, who got the holeshot in the final moto.German GP winner Ken de Dycker struggled and ended 12th.MX1 Race 1: 1. Clement Desalle (BEL, Suzuki), 38:54.633; 2. Evgeny Bobryshev (RUS, Honda), +0:12.451; 3. Steve Ramon (BEL, Suzuki), +0:24.131; 4. Antonio Cairoli (ITA, KTM), +0:33.514; 5. David Philippaerts (ITA, Yamaha), +0:39.071; 6. Xavier Boog (FRA, Kawasaki), +0:44.621; 7. Maximilian Nagl (GER, KTM), +0:46.826; 8. Davide Guarneri (ITA, Honda), +0:48.973; 9. Tanel Leok (EST, Honda), +0:50.444; 10. Ken de Dycker (BEL, Yamaha), +0:54.965.MX1 Race 2: 1. Antonio Cairoli (ITA, KTM), 39:44.581; ; 2. Clement Desalle (BEL, Suzuki), +0:13.410; 3. Steve Ramon (BEL, Suzuki), +0:25.118; 4. Evgeny Bobryshev (RUS, Honda), +0:32.040; 5. Xavier Boog (FRA, Kawasaki), +0:37.404; 6. David Philippaerts (ITA, Yamaha), +0:41.379; 7. Maximilian Nagl (GER, KTM), +0:42.842; 8. Tanel Leok (EST, Honda), +0:44.219; 9. Rui Goncalves (POR, KTM), +0:50.391; 10. Davide Guarneri (ITA, Honda), +1:09.611.MX1 Overall: 1. Clement Desalle (BEL, Suzuki), 47 points; 2. Antonio Cairoli (ITA, KTM), 43 p.; 3. Steve Ramon (BEL, Suzuki), 40 p.; 4. Evgeny Bobryshev (RUS, Honda), 40 p.; 5. Xavier Boog (FRA, Kawasaki), 31 p.; 6. David Philippaerts (ITA, Yamaha), 31 p.; 7. Maximilian Nagl (GER, KTM), 28 p.; 8. Tanel Leok (EST, Honda), 25 p.; 9. Davide Guarneri (ITA, Honda), 24 p.; 10. Rui Gonçalves (POR, KTM), 22 p.MX1 Championship: 1. Antonio Cairoli (ITA, KTM), 384 points; 2. Clement Desalle (BEL, Suzuki), 323 p.; 3. David Philippaerts (ITA, Yamaha), 298 p.; 4. Steve Ramon (BEL, Suzuki), 277 p.; 5. Maximilian Nagl (GER, KTM), 276 p.; 6. Ken de Dycker (BEL, Yamaha), 269 p.; 7. Xavier Boog (FRA, Kawasaki), 248 p.; 8. Tanel Leok (EST, Honda), 207 p.; 9. Evgeny Bobryshev (RUS, Honda), 189 p.; 10. Davide Guarneri (ITA, Honda), 189 p.MX2With only six points separating the top four riders of the Grand Prix of Latvia, Red Bull KTM Factory Racing Herlings came out on top of the pack courtesy of his final-moto victory and of teammate Marvin Musquin's crash at the start of the final moto.Herlings started strong in the first moto to snatch the lead from holeshotter Musquin but dropped down to an eventual third. Moto two was different, as Herlings found himself at the front of the first laps, but Frossard came past to take the lead. Before the race finished, however, Herlings was back on top and won a three-way battle for first with Frossard and Roczen to take the overall win.Teka Suzuki Europe's Roczen made it to second on the podium but was disappointed not to have started his attacks earlier. In moto one, the German came dramatically close to eventual winner Musquin but only in the final laps and narrowly missed out on his second moto win of the season after Germany's second moto. In the final moto instead, Roczen was overtaken by Frossard and ended third.Kawasaki CLS' Frossard was an eventual third on the podium. With Musquin being another candidate for third overall, Frossard had to work his way up to second in the final moto by passing Roczen and even troubling Herlings for the win, otherwise he would have not been on the rostrum. In the first moto he was a steady fourth.After a winning streak of five GPs, Musquin, of the Red Bull KTM Factory Racing team, missed the podium and dropped down to fourth overall in Latvia. The championship leader took victory in moto one but a fall in the first corner of the second moto put him out of the potential winners' list. Musquin recovered from dead last to an eventual seventh to give the crowd a demonstration of his impressive talent.Yamaha Monster Energy Motocross' Gautier Paulin completed the top five ahead of Joel Roelants. American Zach Osborne could not extend his impressive run of podium results and finished just one of the two motos. The 20-year-old, riding for the British Bike it Cosworth Yamaha team, could not improve on his fifth place in the World Championship standings after a fall on the first corner of the first race saw another bike clatter the rear of his YZ250F and damage the exhaust silencer. After a few valiant laps trying to regain ground, he pitted for a change but re-appeared on the track far behind the field and with slim possibilities to reach a points-scoring slot. The team opted to withdraw the rider with a view to a strong assault in the second affair.The next race in hot and demanding riding conditions saw the 2009 Turkish Grand Prix winner in something like normal form, as he started brightly and began a race-long plight to reach the top five; a feat he managed on the final lap by pushing past Roelants. Osborne placed 13th in the final classification."I fell over. It was my fault and I shouldn't have been in that position and in the chaos of the first corner," he said. "Someone ran over the back of the bike and broke the pipe. I stopped in the pit thinking that I could get back out and run on the track with the leaders, because when people see them coming they tend to move over and that would have helped win positions, but it took a bit longer to change the pipe than we thought and it would have been impossible to get near the points. It seemed pointless to grind out a race on an already difficult track."The second moto was decent," he continued. "It took me a few laps to get going because I hadn't had a chance to set my pace in the first race. After 20 minutes or so, I felt quite comfortable and confident and made some passes. On the last lap, I passed Roelants for fifth and I was happy with the result."I was not podium material this weekend and I can accept that and go on to next weekend and try to do a bit better. Sweden is a new track, but I am hoping to do well there. I want to keep the momentum going of contending for podiums."MX2 ResultsMX2 Race 1: 1. Marvin Musquin (FRA, KTM), 40:02.269; ; 2. Ken Roczen (GER, Suzuki), +0:00.701; 3. Jeffrey Herlings (NED, KTM), +0:10.349; 4. Steven Frossard (FRA, Kawasaki), +0:32.455; 5. Joel Roelants (BEL, KTM), +0:53.511; 6. Harri Kullas (FIN, Yamaha), +1:08.966; 7. Gautier Paulin (FRA, Yamaha), +1:21.629; 8. Shaun Simpson (GBR, KTM), +1:42.337; 9. Valentin Teillet (FRA, KTM), +1:43.915; 10. Christophe Charlier (FRA, Yamaha), +1:52.417MX2 Race 2: 1. Jeffrey Herlings (NED, KTM), 39:22.107; ; 2. Steven Frossard (FRA, Kawasaki), +0:02.998; 3. Ken Roczen (GER, Suzuki), +0:05.224; 4. Gautier Paulin (FRA, Yamaha), +0:39.306; 5. Zach Osborne (USA, Yamaha), +0:48.873; 6. Joel Roelants (BEL, KTM), +0:50.140; 7. Marvin Musquin (FRA, KTM), +0:53.176; 8. Arnaud Tonus (SUI, Suzuki), +1:06.550; 9. Christophe Charlier (FRA, Yamaha), +1:11.730; 10. Jake Nicholls (GBR, KTM), +1:21.620MX2 Overall: 1. Jeffrey Herlings (NED, KTM), 45 points; 2. Ken Roczen (GER, Suzuki), 42 p.; 3. Steven Frossard (FRA, Kawasaki), 40 p.; 4. Marvin Musquin (FRA, KTM), 39 p.; 5. Gautier Paulin (FRA, Yamaha), 32 p.; 6. Joel Roelants (BEL, KTM), 31 p.; 7. Harri Kullas (FIN, Yamaha), 24 p.; 8. Christophe Charlier (FRA, Yamaha), 23 p.; 9. Arnaud Tonus (SUI, Suzuki), 22 p.; 10. Shaun Simpson (GBR, KTM), 21 p.MX2 Championship: 1. Marvin Musquin (FRA, KTM), 404 points; 2. Ken Roczen (GER, Suzuki), 330 p.; 3. Steven Frossard (FRA, Kawasaki), 308 p.; 4. Jeffrey Herlings (NED, KTM), 286 p.; 5. Zach Osborne (USA, Yamaha), 249 p.; 6. Shaun Simpson (GBR, KTM), 246 p.; 7. Arnaud Tonus (SUI, Suzuki), 236 p.; 8. Joel Roelants (BEL, KTM), 214 p.; 9. Jeremy van Horebeek (BEL, Kawasaki), 209 p.; 10. Harri Kullas (FIN, Yamaha), 182 p. Comments


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THE 70th anniversary of the D-Day landings will be the first 93-year-old Bessie Ratcliffe has spent without her husband Jim.
Jim had already planned — and had even packed his bags — in preparation to travel to Normandy for the anniversary. It would have been his 15th visit to the historic battle site.
But the 92-year old, a veteran of the Normandy landings, who stormed Gold Beach on June 6, 1944, as part of the D-Day offensive, died in hospital in February after falling at home..
Three million troops crossed the English Channel as part of the invasion.
Jim's widow, Bessie, said: "His death did come as a bit of a shock to us. He wasn't 100 per cent, he was doing okay, but then he had a fall.
"They took him into hospital, but he died in his sleep. He was planning to go to Normandy for the anniversary this year and already had his bags packed."
Jim, who served with the Durham Light Infantry, was just 23 on D-Day.
He went all the way to Berlin, where he was stationed during the allied occupation of Germany following World War Two.
His son Alan, aged 66, who was secretary of the Bolton Normandy Veterans Association until it disbanded several years ago, said the biggest concern for his father ahead of the invasion was his inability to swim.
He said: "My grandfather, who fought in World War One and survived, always said the only thing he was worried about was dad getting on to the beach itself, because he couldn't swim.
"He reckoned if he was able to get on to the beach, then it was up to him and he would have as much chance as anybody and could get running — he did all right."
Alan said his father would talk about the Normandy landings: "He was always been open about Normandy, he never refused to answer questions about it.
"Like most veterans he preferred to talk about the good times they had, the funny things.
"It was such an horrendous time for them that they preferred to think about the good times.
"He always believed in letting people know about what happened and just hoped that it would never happen again."
Jim was given special dispensation to return to Bolton to marry Bessie two months before D-Day.
He had met his wife-to-be just before the war started.
Bessie said: "He was allowed to come back and we got married on April 1, 1944, at St Paul's Church in Astley Bridge, where I am originally from.
"Of course I was worried when he went to Normandy but it was just something you had to put up with. I got a telegram telling me he was okay a few weeks later — but I had been prepared for anything."
She explained that Jim, who was a trained joiner before working in the baking and dairy industries in Farnworth, thought his wife should join him living in Berlin during the occupation years, where he was a sergeant major.
She said: "I told him 'you've got another think coming if you think I'm moving there' — I wouldn't go."
Bessie and her son will spend today quietly remembering Mr Ratcliffe and his fellow soldiers at home in Farnworth.
Alan said: "This is the first time that either he's not been to Normandy or not been here talking about it.
"It will be a bit strange but it is one of those things. Mum and dad have always been stoic. You are going to die at some point and he was lucky.
"Some of his mates died when they were aged 18 or aged 19 on the battlefield — but we will always remember him and the others who fought."


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Malaysian petroleum giant Petronas and its Canadian partner, Progress Energy Resources Corp. (TSX:PRQ), are upping the stakes in their bid to build a liquefied natural gas plant near Prince Rupert.
Progress yesterday confirmed that a joint-venture plan to build a two-train LNG plant in Prince Rupert is moving ahead, and has given the project a name: Pacific Northwest LNG. The two-train plant would be designed to produce 7.6 million tonnes of liquefied natural gas per year, at a cost of between $9 and $11 billion.
However, the company added that the initial output could be increased by 60% to 12 million tonnes annually if the Canadian government approves a $6 billion bid by Petronas to acquire Progress, which is the largest holder of gas properties in the Montney formation north of Fort St. John.
The bid was quashed in October with a federal government rejection. The companies have appealed the decision.
Meanwhile, Progress announced Tuesday that it is moving forward, regardless of what the federal government decides on the takeover proposal.
The companies have completed a feasibility study for an LNG export terminal on Lelu Island in the District of Port Edward near Prince Rupert and are now moving into what Progress calls a "pre-front-end engineering design" stage.
"We are excited to have completed the detailed feasibility study phase and are now moving into the next phase of our engineering work, which will include the submission of our project description to Canadian regulators in early 2013," said Progress CEO Michael Culbert.
Petronas and Progress are still working on an investment plan, which it hopes to conclude in late 2014. It hopes to ship its first LNG exports in 2018.
Progress estimates the plant would create 3,500 direct jobs during construction and 200 to 300 permanent jobs.


text:
Boomers Pizza has a flavorful herb sauce, slow rise & hand tossed crust, and tasty toppings.
FLAVORED CRUSTS (options): Butter, Cajun, Garlic,
and Parmesan. Note: A plain crust will be provided if not
We also have Great Subs, Fresh salads and fabulous chicken wings. Toasted Sub Sandwiches are served on a uniquefully tasteful, homemade sesame bread, with quality
meats and fresh topping.
Check out our MENU for additional items, options and
toppings. We have great chicken wings and cheese
garlic bread.


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Performance measurement in the public sector: some theoretical and practical reflections
Performance measurement innovation in the public sector has been gaining a great deal of interest among academics, practitioners and policy makers since the implementation of the New Public Management reforms. The aim of this paper is to contribute to the current debate on the topic through the study of the conditions and factors that may hinder or foster the introduction of performance measurement systems, such as the Balanced Scorecard (BSC). The results derive from two longitudinal studies conducted in two Italian public administrations, which introduced the BSC device. The empirical evidences are discussed through the Ferreira and Otley's (2009) framework, as extended by Broadbent and Laughlin (2009). The paper tries to contribute to both the extant literature on the BSC device and the usefulness of the extended conceptual framework in an empirical context.
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|Date of creation:
|01 Dec 2011
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| Postal: Via Voltapaletto, 11 - I-44121 Ferrara (Italy)
Phone: +39 0532 455006
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References listed on IDEAS
Please report citation or reference errors to , or , if you are the registered author of the cited work, log in to your RePEc Author Service profile, click on "citations" and make appropriate adjustments.:
- Carol Propper & Deborah Wilson, 2003.
"The Use and Usefulness of Performance Measures in the Public Sector,"
Oxford Review of Economic Policy,
Oxford University Press, vol. 19(2), pages 250-267, Summer.
- Carol Propper & Deborah Wilson, 2003. "The Use and Usefulness of Performance Measures in the Public Sector," The Centre for Market and Public Organisation 03/073, Department of Economics, University of Bristol, UK.
- Dent, Jeremy F., 1991. "Accounting and organizational cultures: A field study of the emergence of a new organizational reality," Accounting, Organizations and Society, Elsevier, vol. 16(8), pages 705-732.
- Langfield-Smith, Kim, 1997. "Management control systems and strategy: A critical review," Accounting, Organizations and Society, Elsevier, vol. 22(2), pages 207-232, February.
- Chenhall, Robert H., 2003. "Management control systems design within its organizational context: findings from contingency-based research and directions for the future," Accounting, Organizations and Society, Elsevier, vol. 28(2-3), pages 127-168.
- David Otley, 2008. "Did Kaplan and Johnson get it right?," Accounting, Auditing & Accountability Journal, Emerald Group Publishing, vol. 21(2), pages 229-239, February.
- Otley, David T., 1980. "The contingency theory of management accounting: Achievement and prognosis," Accounting, Organizations and Society, Elsevier, vol. 5(4), pages 413-428, October.
- Mensah, Yaw M., 2000. "Accounting issues in health care," Journal of Accounting and Public Policy, Elsevier, vol. 19(1), pages 3-7.
- Pollitt, Christopher & Bouckaert, Geert, 2004. "Public Management Reform: A Comparative Analysis," OUP Catalogue, Oxford University Press, edition 2, number 9780199268498. Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)
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text:
Altimeter Group partner and technology columnist Michael Gartenberg closed out mediabistro.com's Think Mobile conference this week with a discussion titled, "Social Ubiquity: The Disruption When Mobile and Social Networks Intersect."
Gartenberg explained–for better or worse–mass adoption of smart phones has created a "social ubiquity," causing the need for brands to not only monitor social networks, but have a strategy to respond in real time:
If you have a brand and you're not monitoring what's being said about your brand in real-time, you're making a mistake. But it's not just having the information — you have to be able to respond instantly, and you have to be able to respond in real-time. Eventually, the voices of 100 million start to show truth.
For the PR profession, the funnel of word-of-mouth information has changed drastically. Once upon a time, mainstream media was the driving force behind discussions at the water cooler.
Now, as Gartenberg explained, consumers' social network relationships and recommendations from people they don't know can drive decisions, and "now include real-time information, contextual data, social factors beyond the physical sphere of influence and reach — information that is always available, always on, persistent, and in-pocket."
The recent Tweet-flap between filmmaker Kevin Smith and Southwest Airlines was used as example du jour.
MobileContentToday and its Twitter feed have more information on the Think Mobile conference.


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A representative for actress CATHERINE BACH has described the death of the star's husband as a "tragic personal loss" after music attorney PETER LOPEZ was found dead outside the family home in California.
Lopez, who spent seven years working for Michael Jackson, was found after paramedics responded to a report of a shooting at his Encino home on Friday night (30Apr10).
Lieutenant John Romero, of the Los Angeles Police Department, has confirmed cops are investigating reports Lopez, 60, may have taken his own life.
He says, "We're still in the early stages of the investigation, but what we gather is it's an apparent suicide."
Bach, who is best known for her role as Daisy Duke on U.S. TV series The Dukes of Hazzard, has confirmed the tragic news through her attorney, Steve Rohr, who tells E! News, "The Lopez family has suffered a tragic personal loss. Catherine and the girls ask for your prayers."
A statement from Lopez's law firm, Kleinberg, Lopez, Lange, Cuddy & Klein LLP, reads, "We are deeply shocked and saddened by the unexpected loss of our friend and partner, Peter Lopez. This is an incalculable tragedy for his family, friends, clients and ourselves. We request that all concerned respect the privacy of Peter's family during this terribly difficult period. Our heartfelt condolences, thoughts and prayers are with the Lopez family."
Bach married Lopez in 1990 and they share two children.
The film will be the first in the Marvel Cinematic Universe led by a person of colour.
The actor plays the titular hero in the forthcoming adaptation.
Rock legend Eric Clapton has admitted the era of the guitar may be ''over''.
Following his success with 'The Force Awakens', the director will close out the trilogy.


text:
Just sold my 04 1150 GSA...sad...but it was time.
I do mostly highway but want to do more back road type stuff, my wife comes on the occasional day ride.
The 1150 GSA was a wonderful bike but it just started to get bigger and bigger as I got...ahem....older.
I have owned Ninja's and a Ducati Multistrada in the past so I know what some raw performance feels like.
I know the thumper is no power demon (I have ridden them), but then again in the mountain twisties a lot of HP doesn't do you much good.
I will be looking at a 2004 650 Dakar with 3500 miles...that's right...the owner claims it's true...showroom condition.
Has the alu bmw side cases and the bmw tank bag.
asking $6000.00 (cad)
Seems like a good deal to me....need some opinions.


text:
Reader's comments »
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Patience, young puck-stopper.
Long Island might seem like an ideal spot for the Calgary Flames to give 22-year-old netminder Joni Ortio his first taste of big-league action, but Reto Berra earned a second consecutive start with a solid performance in Tuesday's 2-0 loss to the Montreal Canadiens.
"It would be unfair to pull Reto Berra. He gave one goal. We didn't give him any," said Flames head coach Bob Hartley. "To put myself in his shoes, if the coach goes to him and says, 'You're not going to be playing in Long Island,' for me, it would be a message that he cost us the game, which is absolutely not the case."
The only puck that slipped by Berra during Tuesday's loss at Bell Centre bounced off the shin-pad of Canadiens winger Rene Bourque. The Habs' other goal was scored into an empty net.
Ortio, who was summoned from the AHL's Abbotsford Heat after starter Karri Ramo suffered a knee injury, isn't worried about the waiting game.
He did, after all, just make his unofficial NHL debut in one of the most special settings in hockey — the Mecca in Montreal — even though, as the opposing backup in the Bell Centre, he sat solo in the tunnel that leads to the visitors' dressing room.
"Kind of surreal — that was a fun experience. Not a bad place for a first game," Ortio said. "That was a lot of fun, just sitting there and soaking it all in."
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text:
|You are in: World: Asia-Pacific
Thursday, 9 August, 2001, 19:20 GMT 20:20 UK
China paid $34,000 over spy plane
China's hopes for a $1m windfall over the US spy plane affair have been dashed after the Pentagon agreed to pay just $34,000.
China put in a bill for $1m to cover its "costs" in the affair, which was triggered when a US reconnaissance plane made an emergency landing in China after colliding with a Chinese fighter in April.
But the Pentagon, doing its own sums, came up with a much lower figure.
It works out at little more than $100 a day per crew member.
A spokesman said the Pentagon had been ready to consider only "reasonable and appropriate" costs China incurred. The biggest cost - breaking up the EP-3 aircraft and flying it away - had already been paid by the US.
The spokesman said the final payment was now being sent via diplomatic channels to Beijing.
China, which tried to use the incident to its diplomatic advantage, may now feel rather snubbed.
In July the US House of Representatives warned it did not want China to receive any money from the affair.
One Republican congressman, Tom DeLay, described the episode as "communist piracy" and Chinese demands for compensation as "the deluded daydreams of a despotic regime".
China and the US are now keen to put the incident behind them.
It led to a period of choppy relations between the two powers, which were further complicated by issues such as US missile defence technology tests and Chinese accusations that some visiting Chinese-Americans have been spies.
See also:
19 Jul 01 | Americas
Congress blocks spy plane payout
06 Jul 01 | Americas
Spy plane back in US
03 May 01 | Americas
US 'split' on China policy
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Thursday, February 28, 2008 at 09:09PM
I work with a bunch of lazy, worthless people who are supposed to be caring for and saving lives. People who sit around and talk to their boyfriends on the phone, laugh and talk, text message and email while patients are ringing their call bells because they are in pain or need to use the bathroom are a sick version of what they are suppose to be. Don't get me wrong, I also work with some fiercly dedicated nurses who work their butt off every night so that each and every patient get phenominal care.... These lazy people are the same people who boss everyone around and would rather ask someone else to their job, than get up and do it themselves. I am so sick and tired of having to work with such low-life losers. Get your priorities straight and start doing your job...its other peoples lives that are being impacted here not your own!


text: Mechanical Assembly Wednesday, September 20, 2017 Fairfield, Ohio Temp to Perm US$ 14.00 - US$ 16.00 per hour Our customer, a food production facility located in Fairfield, OH is looking for an Assembler/Maintenance assistant to perform assembly duties of conveyors/moving lines and other production equipment. Will be assisting the Maintenance Crew. Working ... see job description


text:
I was teaching and coaching at a ski resort, and working as an area rep for a ski and boot company. I was offered the sales position with this company(the previous rep was promoted to sales manager), and I have been doing it ever since. I currently rep Head, Wintersteiger, Toko, Swix, Leki, Uvex and Hotronic.
Being named rep of the year is great because it means that the dealers appreciate the job that you do for them. I have always felt that this business has 3 segments in it, and it has to work for all 3- the dealer, the company, and the rep.


text:
The Collective - Sierra Leone
The Collective - Sierra Leone
We are a capacity building organisation with the mission to provide individuals and organisations with the tools to create positive change. We provide high levels of expertise to organisations working in micro-finance, enterprise and education to improve the efficiency of what they do. We need talented graduates and professionals from around the world to help Sierra Leone reach it's full potential
Freetown, Sierra Leone
Expires In:
This opportunity has already expired
Deadline to apply:
2 Nov 2013
Leaders in Development Programme Sierra Leone
Take part in our leadership training programme and help build capacity with our local partners.
Applicants are required to hold the relevant Visas/Work Permits
Location: Freetown, Sierra Leone
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text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Publication date
|May 28, 1974
|Filing date
|Oct 27, 1972
|Priority date
|Oct 27, 1972
|Also published as
|Publication number
|Terymenko P
|Original Assignee
|Investments Ltd
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (6), Referenced by (75), Classifications (12)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
United States Patent Terymenko May 28, 1974 1 ELECTRIC GUITAR SYSTEM 3,514,522 5/1970 Mussulman 84/l.26 x [75] In e or: u Francis Terymenko, O 3,612,741 10/1971 Marshall 84/].05
Ontario, Canada FOREIGN PATENTS OR APPLICATIONS Assignee: Invest ents France Toronto, Ontario, Canada Przmary ExammerR1chard B. Wllkmson Flledl 1972 Assistant ExaminerU. Weldon [21] AppL NOJ 301,372 Attorney, Agent, or Firm-Davis, Hoxie, Faithful] &
Hapgood [52] US. Cl 84/116, 84/1.l2, 84/121 [51] Int. Cl. G10h 3/00 [57] A T 58 Field of Search 84/l.04, 1.05, 1.11, 1.12, An electric gmar havmg Plurahty of Smngs and 84/1 15 L16, 1'19, 124, DIG 10, 1.26 cluding circuitry for adjustably attenuating the input L14 L21 signals from the strings not played, circuitry for adjustably varying the attack of the output signals represent- [56] References Cited ing notes and chords, gain control circuitry utilizing a UNITED STATES PATENTS photoconductor, and a mechanically coupled feedback path for applying output signals back to the 32332133 131323 lfifi'ffijii: "31:: 221113? Strings gusts" 3,463,868 8/1969 Laube 84/124 7 Claims, 8 Drawing Figures INPUT mom STRING A AUTOMATIC VOICE INPUT M DULE SELECTOR FIG-3) idrreuuArs SIGNAL 5mm ti iniii s ia STEPPING B E ORF VOICE s'mmc FIVE c H gggg gg F MANUAL Emma,
2' C41 it??? 252%) nan SELECTOR 51mm; 'I'QTTENUATE "SIGNAL (F164) 0 o mom AIS CIRCUITRY t or STRINGS A,B.C. D ORE x w PERCUSSION ggm E r -4 F CUMTRDL FIVE H65) (H65) "ATTENUATE" SUSTAIN SIGNALS FDR PREAMPLIF'IER 'f ggg'g AMI; LIMIBER 16-6 smmt AUTOMATIC vulcs I i' /ii F I INPUT i (FIG-5) SELECTOR susmm l (FIG-2) SEVERAL r-- PEDAL INDEPENDENT (FIG- 6) A's VOICE LINES PEDAL (SEE H63) I susmm OUTPUT J AMPLIFIER 10 MECHANICAL LINKAGE m GUITAR EDDY (F1617) PATENTEDIAY 28 m4 SHEET 1 0F 6 2:6 uisepsw zsmmautml QGEV Sam qqbiaibmve 8.
. Av 65 m2 umdm PATENTEMM 2a 1914 SHEET 2 OF 6 NQE 915m 6 3252 was. 2 q 322 1 $5 u muzEG .3 25.050 m3 mom W329 E 55: 5.
vb QED FATENTEDHAY 28 m4 sum aura WW5 I E L Wk 31.35
Miami mURS E 22H PATENTEDIAY 28 m4 SHEEI 6 OF 6 223 III 1% aurPur m can.
ris usmw FIG.7
ELECTRIC GUITAR SYSTEM The present invention is a musical instrument comprising a guitar body having several novel features and associated electronic circuitry.
Current electric guitars, and the devices for modification of their output signals commonly known as fuzz boxes, .have several inherent limitations in performance because of certain aspects of their design. While these limitations do not affect the utility of such guitars and devices for many musical purposes, they do prevent the achievement of desirable musical effects.
For example, with current electric guitars it is difficult to produce a sustained note, that is, a note which will not die down, except by utilizing an extremely high sound volume level. Therefore, a musician must play the guitar very loudly if he desires to use the sustained-note effect. Furthermore, because the sustained-note effect in current electric guitars is dependent on the total acoustical environment of the guitar, it is difficult to predict which notes will sustain themselves in a given setting. This means that a travelling performer has no assurance that a note which will sustain itself in one concert setting will also do so in another.
Current electric guitars severely limit the ability of the performer to play melodies or chords without accompanying interference from the strings not played. Sympathetic vibrations among the strings cause signals to be generated at strings other than those being played, and these spurious signals are amplified and (when the guitar is used in conjunction with a tone modification device) modified along with the desired sounds, producing interfering output signals and, in the latter case, inter-modulation distortion. In fact, it is difficult just to keep conventional guitars silent, especially when they are used in conjunction with tone modification devices.
A third limitation of current electric guitars derives from the fact that the action of a guitar pick on the string makes the guitar in a sense a percussive instrument. This limitation is accentuated by the use of fuzz" boxes and the like. Flowing melodies are difficult to execute, and the louder the instrument is played, the more prominent is the initial click of sound produced by the plucking of the string. g
The present invention overcomes each of these limitations of current electric guitars and thereby allows a performer greater opportunity for display of his ability. A sustained-note effect, reproducible in any acoustical environment independent of the performers volume level, is achieved according to the invention by utilizing a mechanically-coupled feedback path within the guitar of which the string is the frequency-determining factor. The undesirable effects of sympathetic vibration are eliminated by providing performer-controlled, automatic selector circuitry to eliminate unwanted signals from the strings not played. The percussive feature presently inherent in electric guitars is controlled by other performer-controlled, automatic circuitry which gives the melody or chord a bowed rather than struck sound.
These and other features of the invention will be more apparent from the illustrative embodiment described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the guitar system of the present invention, as applied to a six-string guitar;
FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of the Automatic Input Selector stage;
FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of the Voice Module stage;
FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram of the Mixer stage, also showing the Preset and Stepping Voice Selectors and. in schematic form, the Expression Pedal;
FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram of the AGC and Percussion Regulator stages, also showing, in schematic form, the Volume Pedal;
FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram of the electrical portion of the Sustain Vibration system;
FIG. 7 is a cut-away side view of a guitar body containing the mechanical portion of the Sustain Vibration system; and
FIG. 8 is a top view of the guitar body shown in FIG. 6.
Referring first to FIG. I, this Figure at its left side shows signal inputs from individual pick-ups mounted beneath each of the six guitar strings A, B, C, D, E and F, which, in the present invention may be made of any ferromagnetic material. The signal from a given string will be hereinafter referred to as, e.g., signal A, signal B, etc. Signal A enters the Automatic Input Selector circuitry associated with string A and, if no ATTENU- ATE or blocking signal also enters that Automatic Input Selector circuit, signal A in amplified form is applied to the input of the Voice Module circuitry associated with string A. In the Voice Module, the signal from string A is processed to produce, in this illustrative embodiment, six voices or electronically modified and amplified versions of the original signal. These voices are identified herein by one of the subscripts u-z following the letter of the string from which the signal is derived, as for example, Au, Av, Aw, Ax, Ay, and A2. At the Mixer all of the like voices from the several strings are combined into a single voice, e.g., Au, Bu, Cu, Du, Eu, and Fu are combined into a single voice hereinafter referred to as voice U. Similarly, all the individual v voices are combined to produce voice V, etc.
Referring now in detail to FIG. 2, the circuitry of which it should be understood is repeated for each string, signal A from the magnetic pick-up mounted in the guitar body beneath string A is applied to the base of transistor 01 across the parallel arrangement of potentiometer R1, used to balance the amplitudes of the incoming signals from the various strings, and Cl, which shunts any radio frequency noise to ground, and through coupling capacitor C2. Signal A is also applied to the base of transistor Q3 through coupling capacitor C3.
The function of the Automatic Input Selector (AIS) circuitry shown in FIG. 2 is to provide the performer with the means to attenuate or completely block all signals from the strings not being played at a given time, thereby eliminating unwanted sounds from the melody being played.
Transistor Q1 amplifies the signal, which then passes through capacitor C4 to diode D1. Potentiometer R2 is adjusted to allow only a short burst of negative-going signal to pass diode D1, which in this illustrative embodiment may have a threshold voltage of about 0.3 volts. The spike of signal passed through diode D1 passes through coupling capacitor C5 to transistor Q2,
which is biased into saturation when no signal is applied. The application of the pulse to the base of Q2 results in a strong positive-going burst of signal at the collector. This pulse is applied across diodes DUN-04 to the *A'l'lENUATE" inputs of the AIS circuitry of the other strings, not shown. For example, if the AIS circuitry for string A is being discussed, then diodes D100-04 would be connected to the ATTENUATE circuitry associated with strings B, C, D, E and F.
Direct coupled transistors Q3 and Q4 and their associated resistors comprise a flat response circuit capable of amplifying or attenuating the signal applied at the base of Q3 depending on the bias conditions. The bias conditions in turn are dependent on the state of transistor Q8, connected between the positive source and the collectors of Q3 and Q4. The AIS control is exerted at this point, by causing Q8 to vary between cut-off (in which case the supply voltage to Q3 and O4 is low and the output at the collector of O4 is attenuated) and saturation (in which case the supply voltage to Q3 and O4 is relatively high and the 03-04 combination functions as an amplifier).
The AIS circuitry attenuates a signal in the following way. If string B only is struck, in the manner described above a positive signal pulse appears at the ATTENU- ATE" input of the AIS circuitry of string A and is applied to the base of transistor Q5, through potentiometer R3, which functions as a sensitivity adjustment. Transistors Q5 and Q6 are arranged in flip-flop fashion, so that the ATTENUATE pulse just described puts 05 into saturation and Q6 into cut-off. Had string A been plucked, Q6 would have been put into saturation by the application of the positive burst to the base of 06 through diode D2. With O6 in cut-off, its high collector voltage is applied to the base of transistor 07 across photoconductor PHI, a variable resistor located in the AIS pedal, operation of which is controlled by the performer.
The AIS Pedal, and other performer-controlled pedals discussed below, allinclude a neon bulb and one or more photoconductors. Depression of the pedal by the performer varies the exposure of the photoconductor to the neon bulb NEl and hence the characteristics of the circuit of which it is an element. In the present case, if PHI is at its lowest resistance value (pedal fully depressed), the voltage applied to the base 07 puts that transistor into saturation. This in turn lowers the collector voltage of Q7, which lowers the base voltage of transistor 08, biasing 08 out of saturation and sharply reducing the supply voltage to transistors Q3 and 04. In this way, the application of an ATTENUATE signal to the AIS circuitry of a given string, given the depression by the performer of the AIS Pedal, causes the output from transistor O4 to be attenuated.
The performer can vary the application of this function by depressing the AIS Pedal to less than its full extent, thereby leaving photoconductor PHI with a substantial resistance value. If the pedal is not depressed at all, the resistance of PHI may be made sufficiently high so that no attenuation occurs, in spite of the presence of a signal at the ATTENUATE input. The choice is left to the performer.
Depending on the presence or absence of an AT- TENUATE" signal and the extent to which the Pedal is depressed, a signal of a predetermined strength appears at the collector of Q4. This signal is the input to the Voice Module illustrated in FIG. 3.
The function of the Voice Module of string A, the circuitry of which is repeated for each other string of the guitar, is to processelectronically the amplified signal from the collector of transistor 04, modifying or amplifying that signal to produce, in this embodiment, six voices from signal A.
Through the parallel combination of capacitor C7 and capacitor C8-resistor R4, signal A is applied to the base of transistor Q9. Capacitor C7 has a small value which serves to boost the high frequency response of the circuit to compensate for any losses and to provide clear high notes. The output of Q9, denominated voice Az, is the natural sound of guitar string A.
Through capacitor C9 signal A is applied to the base of transistor Q10, which amplifies it and applies it both to the primary of transformer T1, and, through capacitor C10, across the parallel combination of reversed diodes D4 and D5. The parallel arrangement of diodes D4 and D5 acts as a limiterin reverse, blocking the middle strength values of the signal and passing the positive and negative peaks intact. The output from the parallel arrangement of diodes D4 and D5, signal A with the middle values removed, becomes voice Av.
Through C8 signal A is also applied to the base of Q1]. The collector of O1] is shunted to ground through a large capacitor C11 leaving a residual sawtooth signal which is coupled to the bases of transistors Q12 and Q13. The amplified sawtooth signal at the collector of Q12 becomes voice Aw and is also applied, together with the input to Q12, through capacitor C12 to the secondary of T1 where it mixes with the other current in the secondary to produce voice Au. The collector of Q13 is coupled through capacitor C13 to the limiter composed of diodes D6 and D7. The resulting signal, a near square wave, is the basis for the other three voices.
Through trimmer resistor R5, transistor 014 receives a portion of the signal from the limiter composed of D6 and D7 and projects an amplified image of the signal out of phase with the original (because of the nature of a common-emitter transistor amplifier) into the junction of diodes D8 and D9 through D9. The same signal with the original phase comes to that junction directly from the limiter through D8. Diodes D8 and D9 act as a full wave rectifier, and the signal at their junction is raised one octave. The symmetry of the new signal appearing at the junction of D8 and D9 is controlled by potentiometer RS. This new signal is applied to the base of transistor Q15 through the parallel combination of capacitor C14 and resistor R6, which boosts the high frequency components of the signal. The output of Q15 at its collector is voice Ay and also comprises one possible input to transistor Q16.
Transistor Q16 obtains its input from the collector of either 014 or Q15, depending on the setting of manual switch S1. That is, its input is either the square wave signal from the collector of Q14 or the signal from the collector of Q15, with a very strong second harmonic. Switches similar to S1 are provided in each Voice Module; they allow the performer to choose between two X voices for each string independently of the X voices chosen for the other strings. The output at the collector of Q16 is voice Ax.
It should be understood that all of the preceding circuitry is repeated for each string, so that, in the present six-string illustrative embodiment, the circuitry shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 is repeated six times. The circuits that follow, on the other hand, are constructed only once.
As is illustrated in FIG. 4, the Mixer comprises six separate amplifier circuits, one for each set of similar voices from the six strings. For clarity, only two are illustrated: the circuit carrying the summation of all the u voices, designated U, and the circuit carrying the summation of all the w voices, designated W. It should be understood that the remaining circuits are identical in design to that for these voices.
The u signals Au, Bu, Cu, Du, Eu, and Fu are all combined and applied through capacitor C16 to the base of transistor Q18. Variable resistors R8 and R9, together with capacitors C17 and C 18, control the frequency response of the circuit and hence the tone of the U voice. The amplified output of Q18, voice U, is applied to both the Preset Voice Selector and the Stepping Voice selector. The other Mixer circuits operate similarly. The amplified sawtooth voice W is also used as an input signal to the Percussion Regulator, discussed below. One of the Mixer output signals may also be chosen to drive the Sustain Vibration Amplifier, also discussed below.
The Preset Voice Selector is simply a switch wired to select as its output any one of the six incoming voices, or various combinations of those voices. In the illustrative embodiment, the switch is wired to select any one of U, V, W, X, Y, Z, UY, UZ, VW, VX, WX or WY. These particular outputs are entirely a matter of choice; the ear of the performer being the ultimate decision-maker. Any other outputs could be selected. The output is made available as one input to the Expression Pedal, discussed below.
The Stepping Voice Selector is a stepping relay whose action is controlled by a microswitch actuated by a backward swing of the Expression Pedal. In this illustrative embodiment, the Stepping Voice Selector repeats its cycle every six steps and applies one of the input voices U, V, W, X, Y or Z as a second input to the Expression Pedal.
Footswitch S2 makes available the natural sound of the guitar, voice Z, as a third input to the Expression Pedal, replacing the second input from the Stepping Voice Selector.
The Expression Pedal carries neon bulb NE2 and is designed so that, when the pedal is depressed, NE2 first illuminates only PH3, and then only PH2. The output from the pedal therefore varies from the Stepping Voice Selector signal to the Preset Voice Selector signal as the amount of pedal depression is increased.
The output signal from the Expression Pedal is further processed by the Automatic Gain Control (AGC) circuit and the Percussion Regulator circuit (both shown in FIG. 5) before becoming the ultimate output signal. The signal is applied to the base of transistor 020 through potentiometer R11 and capacitor C20. Potentiometer R11 should be adjusted to keep the maximum incoming signal below a level which would cause distortion in the second stage transistor, Q21. Through conventional amplifier circuitry the signal becomes available at the collector 021 for the Volume Pedal and the ultimate output.
Photoconductor PH4 is connected between the collectors of Q20 and Q21, and the bias values to those transistors are adjusted so that their collector voltages are equal and no DC. current flows through PH4: Since the signal at the collector of 021 is 180 out of phase with the signal at the collector of 020, because of the nature of a common-emitter transistor amplifier, if PH4 has relatively low resistance value, the output from 021 will be attenuated because of negative feedback from the collector of Q21, through PH4, to the base of 021. On the other hand, if PH4 has a relatively high resistance value, little negative feedback will occur and the output from Q21 will not be attenuated.
The resistance level of PH4 is controlled by neon bulb NE3, located in the collector circuit of pnp-type transistor Q22. A portion of the output signal at the collector of Q21 is applied to the base of transistor Q23 through potentiometer R12, the manually-set AGC level control. Transistor Q23 amplifies the signal and passes it to the rectifier circuit composed of diode D11 and capacitor C21. The signal here is converted to a negative D.C. value indicative of the amplitude of the output signal at the collector of Q23. This negative voltage is then applied to the base of transistor Q22. The negative bias causes 022 to conduct, sending current through NE3, thereby reducing the resistance of PH4 and, ultimately, attenuating the signal to the Volume Pedal in an amount dependent on the effective resistance value of R12. Therefore, the signal level at the Volume Pedal is regulated by the value of R12.
Potentiometer R12 controls the ratio of the volume of single notes to the volume of chords. Potentiometer R12 should be adjusted so that single notes do not cause NE3 to light and thus do not cause any attenuation of the output signal but that chords, having a much higher RMS value than single notes, make NE3 glow sufficiently to attenuate the output signal to the strength of the single note output signal.
The Percussion Regulator (FIG. 5) takes as its input the sawtooth voice W from the Mixer. Its function is to remove the sharp click heard when the guitar pick strikes the strings, thereby making melodies sound bowed rather than struck. It operates by causing each note to be eased into audibility, reaching its full volume about one/half second after the note has been struck.
When the Percussion Regulator is not in operation (i.e., if switch S3 is in its open position), very little current flows through NE3 because of the relatively high resistance in series with NE3. Therefore, in this condition the resistance value of PH4 is relatively high and no attenuation occurs. Closing S3, however, puts Q24 into saturation because of the relatively low resistance path thereby established between B- and its base, and this makes NE3 glow brightly. The glow of NE3 attenuates the output at the Volume Pedal by about percent in the manner described above. When any string is plucked, the W voice derived from that string in the Mixer is applied to the base of transistor Q25 and amplified by Q25 and Q26. The interstage coupling capacitor C22 is made relatively small to accentuate the high frequency components of the signal. This is done in order to compensate voice W for its relative weakness in high frequency components which results from the manner in which voice W was generated, i.e., the presence of capacitor Cll between the collector and the base of transistor 011.
The output signal from Q26 is rectified by diode D12 into a positive DC. signal proportional to the strength of the W signal applied. Capacitor C23, of relatively large value, smoothes this signal. This positive signal serves to lower the degree of negative bias at the base of pnp-type transistor Q24, tending to turn this transistor off and thereby dim NE3. Photoconductor PH4 is a comparatively low speed photoconductor, for example a NSL-457, whose frequency response drops off sharply below about 60 Hz, and because of its slow recovery rate and the time delay in the circuit controlling NE3 caused by capacitor C23, the output signal at the collector of 021 rises gradually in strength from a low level determined by the maximum attenuation available by the action of PH4 to its normal unattenuated level, with the initial percussive attack eliminated from the note. The maximum attenuation is that produced by the lowest attainable resistance value of PH4. Potentiometer R13, at the input to the Percussion Regulator, controls the audible duration of the note and the overall sensitivity of the system.
Capacitor C22, by boosting the deficient high frequency component of voice W, ensures that the Percussion Regulator will operate in the same manner for high and low notes. If the high frequency components were not boosted, voice W for a low note would be a stronger signal than voice W for a high note, and this would cause a low note to rise into audibility more rapidly, last longer, and decay from audibility more rapidly than high note. This would be an undesirable musical characteristic.
The Volume Pedal (FIG. 5) is a neonphotoconductor combination as described above which allows the performer to vary the volume of the output signal.
The circuitry just described possesses an additional advantage. One conventional tone modification device in wide use, known as a wah-wah pedal, comprises a passive electrical circuit in series with the output signal of the guitar and including as one element thereof a variable resistance element under the control of the performer. Depending on the instantaneous setting of the resistance, a matter determined by the performer, this device primarily passes only low or high frequencies. In operation, performers attempt to synchronize their depression of the pedal with the playing of the notes, to give each note a similar frequency profile, but this is quite difficult to accomplish.
The present system provides means for obtaining the wah-wah effect automatically without relying on the performer's skill. Neon bulb NE3 is illuminated each time a note is struck, and this causes the resistance of photoconductor PH4 to drop each time in the manner described above. If a photoconductor similar to PH4 were placed in series with the output signal and exposed to NE3, the wah-wah" effect could be achieved automatically.
If the performer desires, a note played on this guitar can be sustained for any desired length of time, at any volume level, in any acoustic environment. This is accomplished, as indicated generally in FIG. 1, by amplifying and shaping one of the voices from the string being played and converting the processed signal into a mechanical vibration conveyed back to the string. In the illustrative embodiment shown, the input signal for the Sustain Vibration system is chosen to be the X signal from the Mixer, but another voice could be used if desired.
The Sustain Vibration circuit, shown in detail in FIG. 6, includes a two stage transistor preamplifier of standard design, a limiter made up of diodes D and D16, the Sustain Pedal, transformer T2, switch S5, and a played.
When the Sustain function is activated, the amplified signal from the power amplifier is converted into a mechanical vibration conveyed back to the guitar string by apparatus shown in FIGS. 7 and 8. The apparatus, shown in relation to guitar body 50, includes a permanent magnet 51 mounted in the guitar and a coil 52 in movable relationship to the magnet and rigidly attached to the underside of extension 53 of guitar bridge 54. FIG. 7 shows this relationship between the coil and extension schematically. The coil, which conveniently may be several turns of copper wire on a form, receives its signal from the power amplifier. It is free to move with respect to the magnet as much as the flexibility of the extension will allow. Bridge 54, including its extension 53, is commonly made of steel and is securely held in place by supporting posts 55. Strings 56 extend from tailpiece 57, across the bridge 54, over pickups 58, and on to the neck of the guitar.
In operation the presence of a signal in coil 52 causes it to vibrate vertically with respect to magnet 51, rigidly mounted in body 50. These vibrations are transmitted to that part of the bridge in contact with the strings by its extension 53, thereby completing a feedback path of which theguitar string is the frequency determining factor. Operation of this system is totally independent of the output volume level of the guitar and the acoustics of the concert setting.
The coil-magnet combination can be mounted anywhere on the guitar provided only that it is not in the inductive range of the pickups. Furthermore, the coil could transmit its vibrational energy to the strings through a connection other than the bridge extension here disclosed. The system should be designed so that there is no dominant resonant frequency in the coilstring coupling within the frequency range of the strings. In addition, correct phase alignment between the signal at the coil and the signal at the pick-ups should be maintained. Correct alignment is obtained by use of switch S5 and transformer T2. The center tap of the transformers secondary winding is common and the two extremes are both available, by activation of S5, as alternate sources for the coil driving signal.
With the sustain vibration system in operation, the performer can play with his left hand only, the minute response found naturally in each string, when fed back to the bridge by the mechanical feedback system here disclosed, being sufficient to sustain the note. This can be done without affecting the quality or volume of the ultimate guitar output.
The following are the values of the circuit components used in the illustrative embodiment of my invention previously discussed:
A. Components discussed RI 470 ohms D1 D100-04 All other diodes C16 C17 C18 C20 C21 C22 C23 10K ohms 1K ohms 120K ohms 470K ohms 24K ohms 500K ohms 500 K ohms 47K ohms 500K ohms 100K ohms 300 ml 30v 6.4 mf 30v 10 ml 30v 25 mf v 25 ml" 30v 0.22 ml' 70v 033 ml' 70v 0.1 ml" 70v 0.22 ml 70v 0.3
680 pf 70v 0.001 ml 70v 0.0015 mf 70v 0.002 ml 70v 0.005 ml 70v 0.03 ml 70v 0.05 ml 70v 0068 ml' 70v 0.01 ml 70v 0.02 ml 70v 0.02 ml 70v 0.033 ml 70v 0.05 ml" 70v 0.05 inf 70v 0.1 ml' 70v 0.133 mf70v 0.168 ml 70v 2S mf'70v 50 ml 70v 100 ml 70v 0.01 ml 70v 0.0[5 ml" 70v 0.02 mf 70v 0.03 ml 70v 0.033 ml 70v 0.05 ml" 70v 0.168 ml" 70v 0.2 ml" 70v 0.22 mf 70v 0.1 ml 70v 0.02 ml 30v 0.25 ml" 30v 0.03 ml 30v 6.4 ml 25v 0.005 ml' 70v 0.01 mf 70v (Phillips EO97AC Polcnliomclcr) (Phillips EO97AC Potcriliomctcr) (Phillips EO97AC Polcnliomclcr) O18 O20 O21 O22 O23 O24 O25 O27 Q28 2N3415 2N3415 2N3415 2N3415 B. Components not specifically discussed 100K ohms 3K ohms 33K ohms no resistor 22K ohms 2.2M ohms 39K ohms 510 ohms 100K ohms 13K ohms 82K ohms K ohms K ohms 18K ohms ohms 120K ohms 0.1 ml 70v 20 ml 25v 3 mf 25v 610 ohms 0.02 ml 30v 30K ohms 68K ohms 8.2K ohms 3.6K ohms 36K ohms 1 1K ohms 680K ohms 15K ohms 4.3K ohms 100 ohms 120K ohms 5.6K ohms 68K ohms 470K ohms 51K ohms 20K ohms 9.1K ohms 56K ohms l.6 mf 70v 2.5 ml 70v 6.4 ml" 70v 100K ohms 3.3K ohms 62K ohms 100K ohms 6.8K ohms 1 10K ohms 1.6 ml 70v 2.5 mf 70v 6.4 mf 70v 15K ohms 2K ohms K ohms 130K ohms 360K ohms 0.02 mf 70v 0.03 ml70v 0.04mf 70v 0.05 ml 70v 0.07 mf 70v 4.7K ohms 100K ohms 68K ohms 1.3M ohms 82K ohms 100K ohms 3K ohms 43K ohms 270K ohms 47K ohms 1.2M ohms 910K ohms 1M ohms 1K ohms 91K ohms 75K ohms 2K ohms K ohms (Phillips EO97AC Potcmiomctcr) I92 I93 I94 I95 I96 I97 I98 I99 200 20I 202 2I6 2I7 2I8 219 220 ZZI 222 223 16K ohms 12K ohms 6.4mf 25v 20K ohms 6.4 mt 25v 62K ohms 47K ohms )IK ohms lK ohms I l0K ohms 39K ohms 43K ohms 8.2K ohms 6.4 mf 25v 33K ohms 56K ohms 2.7K ohms 0.22 mi 70v 43K ohms 56K ohms 3K ohms 33K ohms 0.22 ml 70v 470K ohms 56K ohms 3K ohms 33K ohms 6.4 ml" 25v 62K ohms K ohms 6.4 ml v I600 ml 64v Miscellaneous R8/R9 is an ohmite dual CCU-5041.
All neons are AIA. All photoconductors are Phillips B8-73l-05 except PH4, which is an NSL-457.
(Phillips E097AC Potcntiomctcr) (Phillips EO97AC Potcntiomctcr) potentiometer No.
The transformers TI and T2 are both Armaco At-46.
I claim: I. An electronic plural-stringed musical instrument having:
means associated with each of the strings independently for producing an electrical signal derived from the vibration of that string, and means for selecting only the electrical signal having an amplitude above a threshold level and for attenuating electrical signals derived from the remaining strings. 2. The instrument of claim I wherein the means for selecting includes means for producing control signals for effecting the attenuation of the signals derived from each of the remaining strings. 3. The instrument of claim 2 wherein the degree of attenuation is adjustable.
4. An electronic musical instrument having: a plurality of strings passing over a supporting bridge,
means associated with each of the strings independently for producing an electrical signal derived from the vibration of that string, means for selecting only the electrical signal having an amplitude above a threshold level and for attenuating electrical signals derived from the remaining srings, voicing means for processing the said selected electrical signal, a mixing device coupled to the voicing means for receiving the said processed selected electrical signal, and means connected to the said mixing device for producing a vibratory motion related to the selected signal and applying the motion directly to the bridge only to sustain the vibration of the string originating the selected signal. 5. The instrument of claim 4 wherein the motion producing means includes an electromagnetic coil and core assembly and a substantially rigid connection between the assembly and the bridge.
6. An electronic plural-stringed musical instrument having:
pick-up means associated with each of the strings independently for producingan electrical signal derived from the vibration of the string,
independent amplifier means associated with each of the pick-up means for amplifying the signal from that pick-up means,
means for selecting only an amplified electrical signal from one of the amplifier means having an amplitude above a threshold level and for producing from said amplified signal control signals for effecting the attenuation of the signals derived from each of the remaining strings.
7. The instrument of claim 6 wherein the means for selecting includes diode means having a threshold voltage at the threshold level.
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|Feb 25, 2014
|Stephen Gillette
|Active bridge for stringed musical instruments
|Jun 12, 2007
|May 6, 2014
|Lester F. Ludwig
|Sensor array touchscreen recognizing finger flick gesture and other touch gestures
|Jul 13, 2012
|Jun 3, 2014
|Lester F. Ludwig
|Touch screen method for recognizing a finger-flick touch gesture
|Sep 30, 2003
|Oct 14, 2014
|Lester F. Ludwig
|Multi-channel signal processing for multi-channel musical instruments
|May 24, 2013
|Aug 25, 2015
|Paul F. Ierymenko
|Stringed instrument with active string termination motion control
|May 16, 2012
|Apr 5, 2016
|Advanced Touchscreen And Gestures Technologies, Llc
|Touch screen apparatus for recognizing a touch gesture
|Dec 31, 2013
|May 16, 2017
|Casio Computer Co., Ltd.
|Musical sound control device, musical sound control method, and storage medium
|Oct 6, 2003
|Apr 8, 2004
|Ludwig Lester F.
|Generalized electronic music interface
|Sep 30, 2003
|Apr 15, 2004
|Ludwig Lester F.
|Performance environments supporting interactions among performers and self-organizing processes
|Sep 30, 2003
|Apr 15, 2004
|Ludwig Lester F.
|Extensions and generalizations of the pedal steel guitar
|Nov 4, 2003
|Apr 15, 2004
|Ludwig Lester F.
|Transcending extensions of traditional east asian musical instruments
|Oct 10, 2003
|Apr 22, 2004
|Ludwig Lester F.
|Functional extensions of traditional music keyboards
|Nov 5, 2003
|May 20, 2004
|Ludwig Lester F.
|Controllable frequency-reducing cross-product chain
|Nov 5, 2003
|May 27, 2004
|Ludwig Lester F.
|Hysteresis waveshaping
|Nov 6, 2003
|May 27, 2004
|Ludwig Lester F.
|Signal processing for twang and resonance
|Nov 5, 2003
|May 27, 2004
|Ludwig Lester F.
|Envelope-controlled time and pitch modification
|Oct 16, 2003
|May 27, 2004
|Ludwig Lester F.
|Transcending extensions of classical south asian musical instruments
|Oct 10, 2003
|Jun 24, 2004
|Ludwig Lester F.
|Controlling and enhancing electronic musical instruments with video
|Nov 5, 2003
|Aug 26, 2004
|Ludwig Lester F.
|Phase-staggered multi-channel signal panning
|Oct 16, 2003
|Apr 21, 2005
|Hoover Alan A.
|Electroacoustic sustainer for musical instruments
|Jan 21, 2005
|Jun 9, 2005
|Ludwig Lester F.
|Envelope-controlled dynamic layering of audio signal processing and synthesis for music applications
|Dec 3, 2004
|Jun 16, 2005
|Ludwig Lester F.
|Musical instrument lighting for visual performance effects
|Dec 3, 2004
|Jun 16, 2005
|Ludwig Lester F.
|Controlled light sculptures for visual effects in music performance applications
|Dec 9, 2005
|May 4, 2006
|Ludwig Lester F
|Low frequency oscillator providing phase-staggered multi-channel midi-output control-signals
|Dec 2, 2005
|Jun 8, 2006
|Stephen Gillette
|Active bridge for stringed musical instruments
|Jun 27, 2006
|Mar 15, 2007
|Shattil Steven J
|Cancellation Systems for Multicarrier Transceiver Arrays
|Jun 12, 2007
|Oct 4, 2007
|Ludwig Lester F
|High parameter-count touchpad controller
|Oct 10, 2008
|Mar 12, 2009
|Stephen Gillette
|Active bridge for stringed musical instruments
|May 3, 2010
|Oct 21, 2010
|Ierymenko Paul F
|Stringed Instrument with Active String Termination Motion Control
|Feb 18, 2010
|Nov 4, 2010
|Ierymenko Paul F
|Player Technique Control System for a Stringed Instrument and Method of Playing the Instrument
|Mar 1, 2011
|Sep 1, 2011
|Lester F. Ludwig
|Curve-fitting approach to hdtp parameter extraction
|Dec 31, 2013
|Jul 10, 2014
|Casio Computer Co., Ltd.
|Musical sound control device, musical sound control method, and storage medium
|U.S. Classification
|84/742, 84/711, 984/374, 84/702, 984/367
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification


text:
HFLAV: B to Charm Decay Parameters
Averages of experimental results on branching ratios (and other properties) of b hadron decays to charm hadrons
The symbol \(\mathcal{B}\) is used for branching ratios, \(f\) for production fractions, and \(\sigma\) for cross sections. The decay amplitudes for longitudinal, parallel, and perpendicular transverse polarization in pseudoscalar to vector-vector decays are denoted \({\cal{A}}_0\), \({\cal{A}}_\parallel\), and \({\cal{A}}_\perp\), respectively, and the definitions \(\delta_\parallel = \arg({\cal{A}}_\parallel/{\cal{A}}_0)\) and \(\delta_\perp = \arg({\cal{A}}_\perp/{\cal{A}}_0)\) are used for their relative phases. The inclusion of charge conjugate modes is always implied.
Summer 2016
Fall 2015
Fall 2014
(corresponding to Chapter 6 of
arXiv:1412.7515 [hep-ex]
The old BtoCharm web site can be found


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