text:
Fresh from the family's success in breeding dual Derby winner Australia, Peter Stanley and his wife Frances, hosted a fund raising dinner for the new National Heritage Centre for Horse Racing and Sporting Art, currently under construction at Palace House in Newmarket, at their New England Stud on Thursday.
One of the highlights of the evening was parade of mares and foals from the stud.
These included Ruby Rocket with her filly foal by Exceed and Excel, a half sister to Group 1 winning sprinter Maarek; Demerger, dam of triple Group 1 winning sprinter, Sole Power, with her foal by Sepoy; Victoire Finale, dam of this year's Oaks third Volume with her foal by Fastnet Rock and Superstar Leo, champion two year old sprinter, bred by Lester Piggott with her filly foal by Frankel.
Among the guests at dinner were Channel 4 Racing presenter Emma Spencer, Mike Cattermole, trainer Marco Botti, Darley's John Ferguson and Sam Bullard and former Godolphin spokesman, Simon Crisford, who recently announced his intention to set up as a trainer.


text:
A GPS (Global positioning system) navigation system is a cute little thing, that helps you get anywhere you want. Learn about the best GPS receiver system and the easiest-to-use Bluetooth GPS units on the market now. Check specs, prices and shops. We offer a wide line of any handheld GPS system or Personal Navigation Device (PNA). Find your compact lightweight GPS receiver from Tomtom, Falk, Garmin, Becker, Sony, Navman and many others. Read information about GPS vehicle tracking, 12 channel tracking technology, color TFT display, touch panel and the most advanced SRiF chip. We provide you with unbiased consumer reviews and price comparison. Buy your personal satellite navigator online and get your GPS navigation system as cheap as possible!
Manufacturer: Garmin / Marine GPS / Fixed / 16 Color Display / Accuracy: < 49 feet / 3000 Waypoints / WAAS enabled / DGPS Ready
Manufacturer: Garmin / Marine GPS / Fixed / 16 Color LCD TFT Display / Accuracy: < 9.82 feet / 3000 Waypoints / WAAS enabled
* Prices may differ from that shown

subset: commoncrawl


text:
New Yorkers, etc.
By Enid Nemy
Published: August 25, 1991
The light dawns slowly. Sometimes it takes weeks or months. Then isolated incidents come together and suddenly a pattern emerges, a pattern with a message: There's a lemon in the closet, an item of clothing that attracts bad vibes almost every time it's worn. How, why and to whom this happens is one of life's mysteries. The only certainty is that it has nothing to do with personality, character or the supernatural.
Not everyone has a bad-luck item in the closet, and even those who do aren't condemned for life. They may have a particular scarf, jacket or shirt that attracts minor calamities, but if and when it's discarded, that's the end of it: The untoward experiences stop. A near-certainty is that the bad vibes aren't contagious. The mischief doesn't spread to other clothes hanging in the wardrobe.
Take Terry Mayer's white flannel jacket. Take it figuratively because, bad luck or not, Ms. Mayer dotes on it. It might be said, of course, that wearing white in Manhattan is asking for trouble, but dust and a certain amount of grime are one thing. What happens when she wears her white jacket is another.
"It's war," said Ms. Mayer, a jewelry designer who has owned the jacket three years and knows that every time she puts it on, a grooming disaster will strike. This jacket is besotted with food. It is particularly fond of oil and fats and never misses an opportunity to sample them on its lapels, zeroing in especially on salad dressings and ice cream.
If, by some miracle, the jacket doesn't acquire any food spots, it's likely that Ms. Mayer will thoughtlessly stain it with a spray of perfume.
And if the jacket escapes these hazards, it's almost certain that a car or bus will splash dirty rain water its way. The end result is that the jacket goes to the cleaners after every wearing, which at this point makes the upkeep almost as expensive as the original purchase.
Sandra van Essche is equally determined to keep her natural leather handbag, closed with a brass buckle. Even though her wallet disappeared during a subway ride, she saw no reason to ostracize the bag. After all, scores of wallets disappear from handbags every day.
Not long after, a second wallet and her address book were lifted while she was walking. She realized that she was carrying the same bag. Enough was enough. Ms. van Essche, a lawyer with Shepard & Feldman, put the bag away for some years. But she refuses to get rid of it and refuses to label it a bad-luck bag.
"It's incident-prone," she said.
More serious incidents led Robert Kitts to label his faded blue drawstring pants "worst luck." He was driving his restored 1968 Mercedes convertible when another car cut him off, and although the resulting accident wasn't serious, he did get an oil stain on his pants. Some time later, in the same car, the gas pedal stuck to the floor. He hit a house, crawled out, looked down and saw that he was wearing his oil-stained pants.
"It was then that it dawned on me," said Mr. Kitts, a vice president of Gleacher & Company, investment bankers. "When I got out of the hospital, I threw the pants in the garbage."
Jeff Moss is one of the few people who have had two serious bad-luck items in their wardrobes, though fortunately not at the same time. The first one came when he was a college student. He saved up his summer job money to buy a dark brown jacket and, he said, "bad things began to happen right away."
He christened the jacket on an important date, and apparently neither he nor the jacket impressed the object of his affection. Later, he was involved in an undergraduate election that in his estimation went "the wrong way." And the negatives continued every time he wore the jacket. "Bad things would happen," he said.
The jacket's true nature really struck him when he managed to snag a second date with the unimpressed young woman. This time he wore another jacket. "Everything went fine then," he said. "It was hard to admit that the jacket was bad luck, but it clearly was."
Mr. Moss, a creator of "Sesame Street" who is a writer, composer and lyricist with 12 Emmys and 4 Grammys, said he began to suspect a second jacket almost immediately after he bought it. The first day he wore it, he lost his keys. After that, several meetings that should have gone his way didn't; then came a series of unfortunate incidents.
"It didn't take too long to realize I had another bad-luck jacket," he said. It's still hanging in his closet, he said, because "I wouldn't give it away, and I wouldn't put it in a garbage bag. You don't monkey with very powerful forces."


text:
Search Results For: leed
5 Matches
LEED stands for Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design. They are an organization that rates products on a 100 scale. They look at products that promote green materials and resources as well as indoor environmental quality. Below you will find the LEED certified products that Blinds Chalet carries. Blinds Chalet is proud to participate in LEED's efforts of promoting eco-friendly products.
Window Coverings
Solar Screen Shades
Rated 4.0/5
Rated 4.0/5
Rated 4.0/5
Rated 4.0/5
Rated 4.0/5
Common Questions for "Leed"
Eco Green Roller Shades - Solar Screen Shades - EcoShades
Read Answer »
What is the process of ordering custom graphic roller shades?
Read Answer »
Q:I am interested in your EcoShades. I like the fact that there are no VOCs, but what flame retardant is the material treated with? PBDEs have been banned in Washington State and in Europe so I'm trying to avoid that flame retardant. Is your material made in the United States, shipped to you in a raw format, or made in another location then shipped to you?
Read Answer »
Q:What is the process of ordering custom graphic roller shades?
Read Answer »
How To's for "Leed"
News Articles for "Leed"
EcoGreen roller shades are environmentally friendly as well as stylish
Oct 28 2011
Among the many roller shade selections from Blinds Chalet, an environmentally friendly choice is the EcoGreen roller shade.
Bamboo woven wood shades are an eco-friendly choice for green decorating
Nov 5 2010
When green designers and buildings converge on Chicago this year for the annual Greenbuild International Conference and Expo, they'll hear from someone who knows a thing or two about leadership.
Energy savings of passive houses continue inside with cellular shades
Oct 8 2010
California's first retrofitted house using passive house specifications – and one of the first of its kind in the U.S. – will be open for public tours later this month.
Go green with bamboo woven wood shades
Oct 4 2010
A small community in Meadowlands, Canada has recently approved the construction of a 20-acre housing settlement which is meant for baby boomers. Each residence will be constructed to accommodate the needs of older adults and also emphasize green design, according to The Abbotsford Mission Times.
New housing attains LEED certification, could benefit from bamboo woven shades
Sep 17 2010
Eco Home Magazine reports that an affordable housing complex in downtown Boston is receiving a major renovation that will make it far more energy-efficient by cutting energy output by seven percent without costing the residents a penny.
Going green, honeycomb shades can save money in winter
Aug 30 2010
The Boston Globe recently reported a home in Holliston, Massachusetts saved more than $2,000 in heating costs this past winter due to the new installation of their geothermal system and may also have benefits in the hotter months.


text:
My Question is I'm using a pm4001 and cd5001 on a pair of gale 3040 the amp and cd player are 2 weeks old ,and would like more bottom end should i buy the gale 4070 sub woofer or can you suggest a pair of speakers which will deliver more bottom end for around £150. Depending on the recording the bass can sound flat or should i give the amp and cd more time. The sound quality is good but would like more bass, any suggestions.
Can't imagine you're going to find speakers with greater bass extension than the 3040s for that kind of money, since they go down to a claimed 39Hz.
Similarly not sure the sub's going to help much, as that claims only to go down to 40Hz. The two will thus be trying to deliver the same bass, which could get very messy indeed.
I think the best bet is to wait until the amp and player have run in a bit, as the sound should fill out a bit then.
Thank you Andrew
It may have something to do with your room acoustics. A few years ago I moved to a new flat and lost a lot of bass, so ended up getting a sub to fill it in. If possible, try moving your system to another part of the room or house and see if anything changes, in which case you will know that it's positional. To get maximum leverage from a room, try two small subs in each corner, perhaps get one for £150 now and the other later
Oh, also mains conditioning / cabling can dramatically boost bass, poor cabling can kill it. Try borrowing something from a dealer to find out
Thanks fot the input peteAllen i was using a kenwood Ka 3060R with the speakers in the same postion and had no problems but the sound quality is not as clear or dynamic as my current system. Might just be the fact the amp and cd need to be run in, if not might have to use bass button on the amp as i play my music with tone defeat on
Bass boost buttons, erm, best keep that quiet on a hifi forum!
Best of luck tho
What i meant was bass level control, Thanks mate


text:
Attention Yolo County gardeners and garden enthusiasts! The Hanna and Herbert Bauer Community Garden is hosting a free "Gardening 101: soil, water and fall planting" class on Saturday, Aug. 2, from 9 to 10:30 a.m. in the garden adjacent to 137 N. Cottonwood St., Woodland.
This class, taught by the David Linebarger, garden intern and graduate from the UC Davis sustainable agriculture department, will help participants understand the basics of creating good soil, watering techniques that help conserve water and maximize benefit to the plants, and how to prepare for planting their fall crops. No gardening experience is necessary and all are welcome to attend. Participants will also have an opportunity to harvest fresh produce being grown in the demonstration area of the garden.
"Our community garden program is committed to offering garden-based technique and nutrition classes to help the community grow fresh food and live healthier lives," said Yolo County Health Services Director Jill Cook.
The class will meet at the picnic tables in the garden which is on the east side of the Yolo County's Herbert Bauer, M.D. Health and Alcohol, Drug & Mental Health Building in Woodland. Participants are encouraged to bring water, sun protection and a bag for harvested produce.
Pre-registration is required by Friday, Aug. 1. To register or ask questions, contact Rebecca Tryon at the Yolo County Health Department: 666-8640 or email@example.com.


text:
By Billy Graham • February 4, 2009 • Topics: Jesus Christ
I'm sure he simply meant that if Jesus had been born into the world today instead of 2,000 years ago, He would be using every means of communication He could to reach the world with His message. And we are called to do the same today, because Jesus' command to His disciples has never been withdrawn: "Go into all the world and preach the good news to all creation" (Mark 16:15).
You are right, however: Jesus Christ is alive. He is just as alive today as He was when He walked the roads of ancient Palestine 20 centuries ago. His words are true: "I am the Living One; I was dead, and behold I am alive for ever and ever!" (Revelation 1:18). He is now in God's presence in heaven, where He sits in the place of authority at His Father's right hand, praying for us.
But Jesus Christ isn't just confined to heaven. He also is at work in the world by His Spirit, and when we come to Him and receive Him into our lives, He comes to live within us. Remember: Jesus is divine, and He has all the attributes of God – including the ability to be everywhere at once.
What difference does this make? Because Christ is alive, He can save us and give us hope for the future. As He said, "Because I live, you also will live" (John 14:19). Is your hope in Him?


text:
To make reservations by phone, dial freephone 0800 221 222 in the UK, 1 800 409 929 in Ireland, or view our regional telephone reservation numbers.
Double/Double Guest Room
Our double/double guest room comfortably sleeps two to four people in this spacious room.
Double/Double Guest Room - Work Area
Comfortably sleep two to four people in this room having two double beds, work space and privacy door.
King Guest Room
Sleek and modern paired with functional makes for a perfect room with extra bedding in which to relax and recharge.
King Guest Room
Our spacious guest rooms with king-size bed feature a well-lit work desk and WiFi Access.
Guest Room - Work Desk
Care to work and relax in the comfort of your room? The perfect set up awaits you.
Business Center Library
In addition to free Wi-Fi, you will find electrical outlets, and complimentary use of computers, printers, fax machine in our Business Center.
Media Pod
Media pods provide a place for a family meal or informal meeting and have a built in television for private viewing.
Communal Table
Our communal table is the perfect place to eat, meet and connect. Work wirelessly or unwind at the end of the day.
The Bistro
Welcome to the Bistro! Experience warm hospitality while getting your Starbucks on or perhaps a cocktail and a healthy meal.
Healthy Start Breakfast Sandwich
Start your day with our Healthy Start sandwich made with egg whites, roast turkey, spinach, Havarti cheese on an English muffin.
Spicy Chicken & Spinach Flatbread
The Bistro offers several flatbreads to choose from: Spicy Chicken and Spinach, Tomato Mozzarella and BBQ Chicken.
Outdoor Pool & Whirlpool
Want to soak up some sun or cool off on a hot day? Our pool and spa is the perfect place for you!
Fitness Center
You will find state-of-the-art machines and free weights to get your full workout. Built in televisions allow you to stay up on your favorite shows.
Sonoma Meeting Room - Classroom Setup
Our Sonoma Ballroom is a flexible space made up of three 500-square-foot rooms and two sound walls. This classroom setup can accommodate up to 70 people.


text:
Please select another video.
SNEAK PEEK: Secrets in the Snow
When Stephanie Bruner goes missing in the Colorado mountains, three suspects and a love triangle complicate the investigation.
Past Seasons
Watch full episodes of Dateline NBC, for new episodes visit NBC.com
Dateline in-depth
Dig deeper into the issues and stories behind the broadcast.
Watch extended interviews, interrogation clips, and other exclusive web content that didn't make the Dateline broadcast.
Someone is missing. Have you seen something that can help? Read it. Share it.
Do you have a missing person's case you'd like Dateline to feature? Contact us here.
Could you be the one to heat up a cold case? Read it. Share it. Someone out there knows what happened.
Do you have a cold case you'd like Dateline to feature? Contact us here.
Dig into the issues and powerful, in-depth reporting with exclusive digital content from the reporters and producers who go "On Assignment."


text:
A paroxysmal depolarization shift (PDS) has been suggested to be a hallmark for epileptic activity in partial-onset seizures. By monitoring membrane potentials and currents in pairs of pyramidal neurons and astrocytes with dual patch-clamp recording and exocytosis of vesicles from astrocytes with two-photon laser scanning microscopy in hippocampal slices, we found that infusion of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) into astrocytes by patch pipettes induced astrocytic glutamate release that triggered a transient depolarization (TD) and epileptiform discharges in CA1 pyramidal neurons. The TD is due to a tetrodotoxin (TTX)-insensitive slowly decaying transient inward current (STC). Astrocytic glutamate release simultaneously triggers both the STC in pyramidal neurons and a transport current (TC) in astrocytes. The neuronal STC is mediated by ionotropic glutamate receptors leading to the TD and epileptiform discharges; while the astrocytic TC is a glutamate reuptake current resulting from transporting released glutamate into the patched astrocyte. Fusion of a large vesicle in astrocytes was immediately followed by an astrocytic TC, suggesting that the fused vesicle contains glutamate. Both fusion of large vesicles and astrocytic TCs were blocked by tetanus toxin (TeNT), suggesting that astrocytic glutamate release is via SNARE-dependent exocytosis of glutamate-containing vesicles. In the presence of TTX, the epileptogenic reagent, 4-AP, also induced similar neuronal STCs and astrocytic TCs, suggesting that astrocytic glutamate release may play an epileptogenic role in initiation of epileptic seizures under pathological conditions. Our study provides a novel mechanism, astrocytic release of glutamate, for seizure initiation.
A fundamental question in epilepsy is the initiation of paroxysmal activity that generates spontaneous and evoked seizures. A paroxysmal depolarization shift (PDS) has been found in some models of partial-onset seizures and related to paroxysmal activity (Ebersole and Levine 1975; Goldensohn and Purpura 1963; Johnston and Brown 1984). Paroxysmal activity could arise from recurrent firing in circuits due to imbalance between excitatory and inhibitory synaptic inputs (Bernard et al. 1997; Durand 1993; Prince et al. 1997) and changes in intrinsic excitability (Bernard et al. 2004; Dichter and Ayala 1987; Prince and Connors 1986). Another possible mechanism which receives less attention for paroxysmal activity is the activation of postsynaptic excitatory receptors by nonneuronal sources of neurotransmitters. In key brain areas for epilepsy such as the hippocampus and temporal cortex, glutamate receptors are the major excitatory receptors. Activation of these receptors by nonneuronal source of glutamate may induce the PDS and initiate epileptic seizures. Recently, the idea that astrocytes release glutamate has been reported by several groups (Bezzi et al. 1998; Jeftinija et al. 1996; Kang et al. 1998; Parpura et al. 1994). Therefore direct activation of ionotropic glutamate receptors in pyramidal neurons by astrocyte-released glutamate becomes a possible mechanism underlying epileptic seizures. In this study, using dual patch-clamp recording in pairs of pyramidal neurons and astrocytes combined with two-photon laser scanning microscopy, we found that intracellular application of IP3 into astrocytes induced astrocytic exocytosis of a large glutamate-containing vesicle, which causes a transient depolarization (TD) and epileptiform discharges in pyramidal neurons, which were due to ionotropic glutamate receptor-mediated slowly decaying inward current (STC). The epileptogenic agent, 4-AP, also induced similar neuronal STCs and astrocytic TCs in the absence of action potential (AP)-driven synaptic activities.
Slice preparation
Brain slices were prepared as described previously (Kang et al. 1998). Briefly, 14- to 20-day-old (P14-P20) Sprague-Dawley rats were anesthetized with pentobarbitone sodium (55 mg/kg) and decapitated. Brains were removed rapidly and glued with the posterior surfaces down. Transverse brain slices of 300 μm were cut with a vibratome (TPI, St Louis, MO) in a cutting solution containing (mM): 2.5 KCl, 1.25 NaH2PO4, 10 MgSO4, 0.5 CaCl2, 10 glucose, 26 NaHCO3 and 230 sucrose. Slices containing the hippocampus were incubated in the slice solution gassed with 5% CO2-95% O2 for 1–7 h and then transferred to a recording chamber (1.5 ml) that was perfused with the slice solution gassed with 5% CO2-95% O2 at room temperature (23–24°C) for recording. The standard slice solution contained (mM): 126 NaCl, 2.5 KCl, 1.25 NaH2PO4, 2 MgCl2, 2 CaCl2, 10 glucose and 26 NaHCO3 (pH at 7.4 when gassed with 95% O2-5% CO2).
Whole cell patch-clamp recording
Cells were visualized with a 63× water immersion lens on an Olympus BX51 upright microscope (Olympus Optical Co., NY) equipped with differential inference contrast (DIC) optics. Patch electrodes with a resistance of 4–7 MΩ were pulled from KG-33 glass capillaries (inner diameter 1.0 mm, outer diameter. 1.5 mm, GarnerGlass, Claremont, CA) using a P-97 electrode puller (Sutter Instrument, Novato, CA). Pyramidal neurons in the CA1 pyramidal layer and astrocytes in the stratum radiatum were identified by their DIC morphology and electrophysiological properties as described previously (Kang et al. 1998). The whole cell voltage-clamp configuration was used in astrocytes, and the whole cell voltage-clamp and current-clamp configurations (Hamill et al. 1981) were alternatively performed in pyramidal neurons. Pyramidal neurons with the seal resistance <5 GΩ and a holding current > −200 pA were rejected. Cases in which the series resistance changed by >10% of control were rejected. The pipette solution for neuronal whole cell recordings contained (in mM): 123 K-gluconate, 10 KCl, 1 MgCl2, 10 HEPES, 0.1 EGTA, 0.01 CaCl2, 1 ATP, 0.2 GTP, and 4 glucose (pH adjusted to 7.2 with KOH). The pipette solution for astrocyte whole cell recordings contained (in mM): 20 or 50 mM K-glutamate (L), 113, 103, or 73 K-gluconate, 10 KCl, 1 MgCl2, 10 HEPES, 5 EGTA, 0.5 CaCl2, 1 ATP, 0.2 GTP, and 4 glucose (pH adjusted to 7.2 with KOH). Astrocytes were recorded with a holding potential of −80 mV. The Ca2+-free slice solution contained (in mM): 126 NaCl, 2.5 KCl, 1.25 NaH2PO4, 2 MgCl2, 10 glucose and 26 NaHCO3 (pH at 7.4 when gassed with 95% O2-5% CO2).
Field recording
A glass pipette with a tip of 10 −15 μm diameter was placed in the CA1 pyramidal layer 30–40 μm from the patched astrocyte in the stratum rediatum as the electrode for field recording. The pipette filling solution for field recording electrode was the standard slice solution. Signals were amplified by an Axoclamp 2A with low-pass of 2 kHz cut-off and sampled with 200 ms intervals.
Calcium image
A customized 2-photon laser scanning Olympus BX61WI microscope with a 60x objective lens was used to detect astrocytic Ca2+ signals. A Mai/Tai™ laser (the solid-state laser company, Mountain View, CA) tuned to 820 nm was used for excitation. Image acquisition was controlled by Olympus software Fluoview FV300 (Olympus America, Melville, NY). In the transfluorescence pathway, a 565 nm dichroic mirror was used to separate green and red fluorescence. HQ525/50 and HQ605/50 filters were placed in the "green" and "red" pathways, respectively to eliminate transmitted or reflected excitation light (Chroma Technology, Rockingham, VT). For extracellular loading of astrocytes, slices were preincubated with Fluo-4 AM (5 μM) at 35°C for 40 min. For intracellular loading of astrocytes, Alexa Fluor-594 was used to outline the cell structures, and Fluo-4 to detect Ca2+ signals. 50 μM Fluo-4 (potassium salt) and 100 μM Alexa Fluor-594 were dissolved in the pipette solution for astrocytes. To measure Ca2+ dynamics, the fluorescence was collected by scanning at 0.5 or 0.16 Hz in an X-Y-T scanning mode. Fluorescence was averaged from the specified structures to obtain F(t). Baseline fluorescence (F0) was the average of four images during control and ΔF/F was calculated as (ΔF/F)(t) = (F(t)-F0)/F0. The position shift in the X-Y section during 5 min scanning was 0.5 ± 0.3 μm (mean ± SD, 30 cells, by measuring the movement of somatic edges indicated by Alexa Fluor-594).
DATA Analysis
Recording signals were filtered through an 8-pole Bessel low-pass filter with 2 kHz cut-off frequency and sampled by a PCLAMP 8.2 program (Axon Instruments) with an interval of 50 μs or 200 μs. Data were further analyzed by Clampfit 8.2 program (Axon Instruments). Analyzed data were further processed with Origin 5.1 (Microcal Software, Northampton, MA) and CorelDraw 9.0 (Corel Ontario, Canada) programs. Statistical data are presented as means ± SE if not indicated.
Astrocytic IP3 induces the TD and epileptiform discharges in pyramidal neurons
To test whether astrocytic glutamate release induces epileptiform discharges, we applied IP3 (2 μM) into astrocytes through whole cell patch pipettes when dual patch-clamp recording was performed in pairs of pyramidal neurons and astrocytes. Identification of pyramidal neurons and astrocytes in the CA1 area of the hippocampus in slices was described in our previous study (Kang et al. 1998). A pyramidal neuron was patched in an alteration of the whole cell voltage-clamp configuration with a holding potential of −60 mV and the current-clamp configuration with a membrane potential of −60 mV (controlled by injecting currents). Control recordings showed spontaneous excitatory postsynaptic currents (sEPSCs) (τ = 15.3 ± 0.9 ms) in the voltage-clamp (Fig. 1A, Con) and spontaneous excitatory postsynaptic potentials (sEPSPs) in the current-clamp configuration. An astrocyte in the stratum radiatum near the apical dendrite of the recorded pyramidal neuron was patched with the pipette solution containing 2 μM IP3 and 20 mM l-glutamate. Five to ten minutes after forming the whole cell configuration in the patched astrocytes, voltage-clamp recording in the pyramidal neuron showed a slowly decaying inward current (STC) with a decay constant of 454 ± 34 ms (Fig. 1A, STC). The STC was observed in 15 of total 24 tested pairs. Placing the patch pipette on astrocytes without suction for 20 min did not induce STCs in pyramidal neurons (n = 5 cells), indicating that the STC is not due to diffusion of IP3 or glutamate into the extracellular space. The traces with enlarged time scale showed that large STCs caused multiple voltage-dependent sodium currents (Fig. 1A, INa) even though the cell soma was held at −60 mV, suggesting that STCs significantly depolarize cells to activate voltage-gated sodium channels due to the limitation of spatial clamping in slices. Patching astrocytes with the patch pipette solution containing 20 mM glutamate without IP3 did not induce any STCs (Fig. 1B, IP3-, n = 20 cells), suggesting that the STC is due to the diffusion of IP3 into the patched astrocytes. Patching astrocytes with the patch pipette solution containing 2 μM IP3 without glutamate induced STCs with a significantly smaller amplitude (Fig. 1B, Glut−, P < 0.01, compared with 20 mM glutamate, t-test), suggesting that intracellular glutamate concentrations in patched astrocytes are important for the amplitude of neuronal STCs. The frequency of astrocytic IP3-induced STCs was 1.62 ± 0.35/min and the mean amplitude (baseline to negative peak) was 145 ± 38 pA (Fig. 1B, IP3, n = 15 cells). In 7 of 15 pairs, we found that an inward current occurred in the patched astrocyte simultaneously with the STC in the patched pyramidal neuron (Fig. 1A, Ast). We term this astrocytic inward current as astrocytic TC because it is a transport current in the patched astrocyte (Fig. 4). Astrocytic IP3-induced neuronal STCs occurred in 15 of 24 pairs that is more than double of the occurrence of astrocytic TCs (7/24), suggesting that neuronal STCs are not only triggered by glutamate release from the patched astrocyte, but also triggered by glutamate release from the gap-junction coupled astrocytes because intracellular applied IP3 could pass through gap-junction channels (Boitano et al. 1992; Christ et al. 1994) to stimulate glutamate release from coupled cells. Recording with the glutamate-free pipette solution obtained almost none of astrocytic TCs (Fig. 1C, Glut−), further suggesting that intracellular glutamate is important for astrocytic glutamate release. The mechanisms underlying this intracellular glutamate-dependency of astrocytic glutamate release are not known yet. However, fusion events of large vesicles (Fig. 5) could still be observed in the absence of intracellular glutamate when using two-photon laser scanning microscopy to monitor Alexa Fluor-594 and Fluo-4 fluorescence (data not shown), suggesting that vesicular fusion might not be affected by low intracellular glutamate, but vesicular glutamate concentrations are influenced by cytoplasmic glutamate concentrations. The results also imply that major astrocytic TCs are due to glutamate release from the patched astrocyte, which was abolished in the absence of intracellular glutamate (Fig. 1C). Whereas attenuated amplitude of neuronal STCs observed in the absence of astrocytic intracellular glutamate (Fig. 1B) might result from glutamate release predominantly from astrocytes that were coupled to the patched astrocyte.
When the recording mode in pyramidal neurons was changed from the voltage-clamp to the current-clamp configuration, the TD and spontaneous spikes occurred (Fig. 2A and B, TD). During control, spontaneous spikes were very few (Fig. 2A, Con). The traces with enlarged time scale showed that spontaneous firing occurred at the top of each TD (Fig. 2B, arrows) and during the inter-TD period (Fig. 2A and B, arrowheads). The mean frequency of spontaneous spikes significantly increased (Fig. 2D, IP3, P < 0.01, paired t-test, n = 7 cells). Each TD was followed by an afterhyperpolarization (Fig. 2B, AHP), which is similar to the PDS found in the epilepsy animal models (Johnston and Brown 1984). To study the synchronized neuronal activities induced by astrocytic intracellular IP3, we simultaneously performed field recording with an extracellular electrode placed at the pyramidal layer and patch-clamp recording in one astrocyte in the stratum radiatum with the IP3 pipette solution. Intracellular IP3-induced astrocytic TCs (Fig. 2D, Ast) were accompanied by a negative shift in field potential in 8/14 experiments (Fig. 2D, Field). Neither astrocytic TCs nor negative shifts in field potential were blocked by TTX (Fig. 2, D-F, TTX), suggesting that both astrocytic TCs and negative shifts in field potential are not induced by AP-driven synaptic activity. Moreover, the time course of negative shifts in field potential was similar to that of astrocytic TCs, and no following field potential fluctuation was observed (Fig. 2D). The results suggest that although astrocytic glutamate release leads to a synchronized NMDA/AMPA-mediated depolarization in a group of pyramidal neurons, epileptic seizures may not occur under physiological conditions due to the inhibition system of neuronal circuits. If inhibition of circuits is impaired under some pathological conditions, astrocytic glutamate release may initiate epileptic seizures.
Astrocytic glutamate release has been reported to cause slow inward currents in cultured neurons (Araque et al. 2000) and in thalamic neurons (Parri et al. 2001) and hippocampal pyramidal neurons in slices (Angulo et al. 2004; Fellin et al. 2004). To test whether AP-driven synaptic activities are involved in astrocytic IP3-induced STCs, we used TTX (1 μM) to perfuse slices. TTX altered neither the frequency nor the amplitude of neuronal STCs (Fig. 3, A-C, TTX), suggesting that STCs are due to direct activation of neuronal postsynaptic receptors by astrocytic release of neurotransmitters. To test whether STCs are mediated by ionotropic glutamate receptors, we used the NMDA receptor antagonist APV (50 μM) and AMPA/Kainate receptor antagonist CNQX (20 μM). Neuronal STCs were fully blocked by APV and CNQX (Fig. 3, A-C, APV/CNQX, P < 0.001, paired t-test, n = 7 pairs), suggesting that astrocytic IP3-induced STCs are due to the activation of ionotropic glutamate receptors by astrocytic glutamate release.
Spontaneous spikes occurred during the inter-TD period (Fig. 2, A and B, arrowheads) that may be due to increased sEPSCs. Therefore we examined astrocytic IP3-induced changes in sEPSCs. Spontaneous EPSCs increased after patching astrocytes with the IP3 pipette solution (Fig. 3D). The amplitude distribution of sEPSCs indicated that astrocytic IP3 induced an increase in the frequency of large sEPSCs (Fig. 3E). Both the mean frequency and amplitude of sEPSCs were increased by astrocytic IP3 (Fig. 3F, IP3, P < 0.05 for both, paired t-test, n = 7 cells). The increased sEPSCs and basal sEPSCs were blocked by APV/CNQX (Fig. 3, D and F, APV/CNQX), indicating that the increased sEPSCs are ionotropic glutamate receptor-mediated events. The results are in accordance with previous observations by other groups (Fiacco and McCarthy, 2004).
The astrocytic inward current is a glutamate transport current
The recorded astrocytic inward current could be a Glut− (glutamate) efflux current through channels (Basarsky et al. 1999; Duan et al. 2003; Kimelberg 2004; Ye et al. 2003), a glutamate transport current that is caused by transporting two Na+, one H+ and one Glu− in and one K− out (Diamond et al. 1998), or an astrocytic AMPA receptor-mediated current in response to astrocytic glutamate release (Clasen et al. 1995; Meucci et al. 1996; Seifert et al. 1997; Shelton and McCarthy 1999). To characterize astrocytic inward currents, we analyzed the kinetics of IP3-induced astrocytic TCs and neuronal STCs. Neuronal STCs showed a large variation in their rising time (Fig. 4A, Pyr, 1–5), while the rising time for astrocytic TCs showed a linear relationship with their amplitude (Fig. 4A, Ast). The distribution for rising slopes illustrated a relative constant rising slope for astrocytic TCs (Fig. 4B, top left), but a broad range of the rising slope for neuronal STCs (Fig. 4B, left bottom). The half-width of astrocytic TCs was linearly correlated with the amplitude (Fig. 4B, W1/2, closed circle, solid line, r = 0.91, P < 0.0001) compared with more dispersed distribution of neuronal STCs (Fig. 4B, W1/2, open circle, dashed line, r = 0.37, P < 0.05). The homogeneity of the rising slope and the linear relationship between the half-width and amplitude of astrocytic TCs are in accordance with the linear relationship between the transport time and the quantity of released glutamate (Marie and Attwell 1999), implying that they are transport currents. Neuronal STCs are influenced by kinetics of NMDA/AMPA receptors and thereby exhibited more dispersed distributions for their rising slope and half-width. To further identify astrocytic TCs, we perfused slices with the specific glutamate transport inhibitor, d,l-threo-beta-benzyloxyaspartate (TBOA, 250 μM). TBOA attenuated the amplitude and broadened the width of astrocytic TCs (Fig. 4C, IP3/TBOA). Pooled data showed that TBOA significantly reduced the amplitude of astrocytic TCs (Fig. 4D, Amp, P < 0.01, paired t-test, n = 35 TCs from 5 cells) and increased the half-width of astrocytic TCs (Fig. 4D, W1/2, P < 0.001). The results suggest that astrocytic TCs are transport currents. Although TBOA attenuated astrocytic TCs, it did not inhibit neuronal STCs. On the contrary, we observed an increase in the frequency of neuronal STCs in the presence of TBOA (data not shown), which is similar to the observation previously reported by other groups (Angulo et al. 2004). Since glutamate AMPA receptors have been reported to mediate an inward current in some astrocytes (Clasen et al. 1995; Shelton and McCarthy 1999), we next tested whether the astrocytic TC is blocked by the AMPA receptor blocker NBQX (20 μM). The mean amplitude of astrocytic TCs was not significantly decreased by NBQX (Fig. 4D, NBQX, P = 0.85, paired t-test, n = 5 cells), suggesting that the AMPA receptor was not involved in astrocytic TCs. To exclude anion channel-mediated Glu− efflux in astrocytic TCs, we used the anion channel inhibitor, NPPB (5-nitro-2-(3-phenylpropylamino)-benzoic acid) to perfuse slices. NPPB (100 μM) did not significantly reduce the amplitude of astrocytic TCs (Fig. 4E, P = 0.56, n = 5 cells), suggesting that the astrocytic TC is not due to anion channel-mediated glutamate efflux.
Fusion of a large vesicle precedes the astrocytic TC
To further demonstrate the astrocytic origin of glutamate release for neuronal STCs and astrocytic TCs, we performed whole cell recording in astrocytes with the pipette solution containing Ca2+ indicator Fluo-4 (50 μM), structure dye Alexa Fluor-594 (100 μM), glutamate (50 μM), and IP3 (2 μM). Fifty millimolar glutamate was used in the pipette solution to obtain more remarked astrocytic TCs because the amplitude of TCs was related to intracellular glutamate concentrations. Although accumulation of Ca2+ in secretory vesicles has been previously reported in dense core vesicles for insulin secretion in pancreatic b cells (Mitchell et al. 2001) and catecholamine storage vesicles in rat pheochromocytoma PC12 cells (Mahapatra et al. 2004), our finding that vesicles can be loaded by membrane-impermeable Fluo-4 (potassium salt) and structure dye Fluor-594 (potassium salt) is novel. This finding allows us to monitor the dynamics of vesicles including priming and fusion. By combining whole cell recording of astrocytic TCs that indicate glutamate release into the extracellular space, we can test whether a quick drop of fluorescence is immediately followed by an astrocytic TC, which suggests that the fused vesicle most likely contains glutamate. Intracellular application of IP3 induced an increase in the intensity of Ca2+ (Fig. 5A, green, arrow) and Alexa Fluor-594 (Fig. 5A, red, arrow) fluorescence in a large vesicle. The size of the vesicle was enlarging with time (Fig. 5A, 2–4). Ca2+ and structure dye fluorescence suddenly decreased (Fig. 5A, 4–5 and C, arrowhead), indicating the occurrence of vesicular fusion (supplementary movie 1 and 2)1 . Fusion is defined as a sudden decrease (>0.5 DF/F) in Alexa Fluor-594 fluorescence within 2 s (the imaging sample interval). Whole cell recording (Fig. 5C, black) showed an astrocytic TC (Fig. 5C, TC) immediately following the fusion event of the large vesicle (Fig. 5C, arrowhead). The intensity of Ca2+ and Alexa Fluor-594 fluorescence in the large vesicle increased before fusion (Fig. C, Ca2+ and Alexa) implies a priming process. Pooled data indicate the coincidence of vesicular fusion (3/4 fused vesicles) with astrocytic TCs (Fig. 5D). The results suggest that astrocytic exocytosis of a large glutamate-containing vesicle induces the neuronal STC and astrocytic TC. To further demonstrate astrocytic TCs are due to vesicular release, we added the specific SNARE protein inhibitor, tetanus toxin (TeNT, 15 mg/ml), to the patch pipette filling solution. In the presence of TeNT, eight large vesicles were observed in 4 of 8 cells (Fig. 5F, % cells). Alexa Fluor-594 fluorescence accumulated in large vesicles (Fig. 5E, arrowheads), but no vesicular fusion was observed during recording (Fig. 5F, Fusion, TeNT). Whole cell recording showed no astrocytic TCs in TeNT-infused astrocytes, and both the mean frequency and amplitude of TCs were significantly reduced (Fig. 5F, Freq of TCs and Amp of TCs). The results support that SNARE-dependent astrocytic exocytosis causes astrocytic TCs and neuronal STCs.
Epileptogenic reagent, 4-AP, induces the STC
4-aminopyridine (4-AP) is an A-type K+ channel blocker, and 50 or 100 μM 4-AP induces epileptiform discharges that are used as an model of epileptic seizures (Colom and Saggau 1994; Rutecki et al. 1987). Effects of 4-AP include increased spontaneous spikes and long-lasting depolarization (Johnston and Brown 1986; Wheeler et al. 1996) that are related to activation of glutamatergic and GABAergic receptors (Konnerth et al. 1986; Perreault and Avoli 1992; Rutecki et al. 1987; Scanziani et al. 1994; Taylor and Dudek 1982). To study roles of astrocytic glutamate release in epileptiform discharges in slice models of epileptic seizures, we tested the occurrence of neuronal STCs and astrocytic TCs during perfusion of slices with 4-AP (100 μM). To eliminate effects of 4-AP on neuronal synaptic activity, TTX (1 μM) was used to block AP-driven synaptic activity. Dual whole cell recording was performed in pairs of pyramidal neurons and astrocytes. The pipette solution for astrocytes contained 20 mM K-glutamate. During control, very few neuronal STCs could be observed (Fig. 6A and B, Con), and perfusion of slices with 4-AP increased the frequency of neuronal STCs (Fig. 6A and B, 4-AP). 4-AP induced STCs in pyramidal neurons in 15 of 28 pairs, in which 9 pairs showed simultaneous neuronal STCs and astrocytic TCs (Fig. 6A). The frequency of 4-AP-induced STCs (Fig. 6B, 4-AP; range: 0.05 to 6 events/min) is significantly different from that during control (P < 0.01, paired t-test). Similar to astrocytic IP3-induced neuronal STCs, 4-AP-induced neuronal STCs were also blocked by APV/CNQX (Fig. 6B, APV/CNQX). The rising time (Fig. 6C, Rise) and decay (Fig. 6C, t) of 4-AP-induced astrocytic TCs (Fig. 6C, solid bars) are similar to those of IP3-induced astrocytic TCs (Fig. 6C, open bars), suggesting the same nature of 4-AP- and IP3-induced astrocytic TCs.
It has been previously reported that astrocytic Ca2+ signaling plays a key role in astrocytic glutamate release and neuronal STCs (Angulo et al. 2004; Bezzi et al. 2004; Fellin and Carmignoto 2004; Fellin et al. 2004; Montana et al. 2004; Parpura and Haydon 2000; Parri et al. 2001). We examined whether 4-AP-induced STCs are coincident with astrocytic Ca2+ signals and vesicular fusion. We first performed whole cell recording in pyramidal neurons in slices that were preloaded with fluorescent dye Fluo-4 AM (5 μM). Astrocytic Ca2+ signals were detected by a two-photon laser scanning microscopy. Ca2+ oscillations occurred spontaneously during control conditions even in the presence of TTX (Fig. 7A, TTX), which is in accordance with previous observations by other groups (Nett et al. 2002). Perfusion of slices with 4-AP induced an increase in the frequency of Ca2+ oscillations (Fig. 7A, 4-AP/TTX, and 7B, TTX: 3.07 ± 0.72, 4-AP: 4.39 ± 0.74, P < 0.05, paired t-test, n = 7 slices). Then we simultaneously recorded neuronal STCs and astrocytic Ca2+ oscillations to examine the coincidence of two events. The coincidence was found in 5 of 15 experiments (Fig. 7C, 2). Neuronal STCs always occurred behind the astrocytic Ca2+. The mean latency from the Ca2+ peak to the STC peak is 2.3 ± 1.3 s (mean ± SD). We further tested whether 4-AP-induced astrocytic TC is coincident with fusion of a large vesicle in astrocytes that were patched with the pipette solution containing Fluo-4 (50 μM), Alexa Fluo-594 (100 μM), and K-glutamate (50 mM). We observed the coincidence between vesicular fusion and astrocytic TCs in 4 of 12 patched astrocytes. In a representative astrocyte, 4-AP first induced an increase in the intensity of Ca2+ and Alexa Fluor-594 fluorescence in a large vesicle (Fig. 7D, 2 and 3, arrow). Then a sudden decrease in the intensity of Ca2+ and Alexa Fluor-594 fluorescence (Fig. 7D, bottom, arrowhead) occurred (fusion) and was immediately followed by an astrocytic TC (Fig. 7D, I, TC). The results suggest that 4-AP-induced TCs result from astrocytic exocytosis of single large glutamate-containing vesicles.
In this study, we demonstrated that astrocytic glutamate release induces a transient depolarization (TD) and epileptiform discharges in CA1 pyramidal neurons (Fig. 2). The results in our study support that the astrocytic IP3-induced TD and epileptiform discharges are due to astrocytic glutamate release because: 1) the onset of astrocytic TCs is earlier than the onset of neuronal STCs; 2) both astrocytic TCs and neuronal STCs are TTX-insensitive, suggesting they are not due to AP-dependent synaptic activities (Fig. 2, E-G and Fig. 3, A-C, TTX); and 3) astrocytic TCs are glutamate transport currents (Fig. 4) and coincident with fusion of large astrocytic vesicles (Figs. 5), which provides direct evidence for the hypothesis that astrocytic exocytosis of glutamate-containing vesicles results in neuronal STC and astrocytic TC.
Astrocytic glutamate release induces a negative shift in field potential (Fig. 2, D-F), suggesting that astrocytic glutamate release causes synchronized neuronal activities. The intracellular glutamate concentration used in these experiments (Fig. 2) is 20 mM that is higher than the resting level of astrocytic glutamate (millimolar levels) (Hertz et al. 1988; Ottersen 1989; Levi and Patrizio 1992; Ye et al. 2001). However, under epileptic conditions, astrocyte intracellular glutamate levels may be elevated to such high levels due to increased glutamate uptake and decreased activities of glutamine synthetase (Eid et al. 2004). The quantal size of STCs and TCs is positively correlated with intracellular glutamate concentrations (Fig. 1B and C, Amp), suggesting that intracellular glutamate levels are important for the filling of vesicles with glutamate. Under physiological conditions, the dynamic balance between glutamate uptake and glutamate metabolism results in millimolar levels of astrocyte intracellular glutamate (Hertz et al. 1988; Ottersen 1989; Levi and Patrizio 1992; Ye et al. 2001), and glutamate release with such intracellular glutamate levels may keep in low levels of quantum. Under epileptic conditions, the large quantum of astrocytic glutamate release resulting from elevated intracellular glutamate levels may initiate epileptic seizures.
Epileptogenic reagent, 4-AP, induces a similar STC in pyramidal neurons (Fig. 6), suggesting that in 4-AP slice models of epileptic seizures, astrocytic glutamate release occurs and may contribute to 4-AP-induced epileptic seizures. Astrocytic glutamate release occurrs spontaneously and each release causes activation of ionotropic glutamate receptors for 1–2 s (Fig. 2B). The characteristics of the TD induced by astrocytic glutamate release in individual neurons are similar to the PDS observed in animal models of epileptic seizures (Lee and Hablitz 1991; Mody et al. 1987; Schiller 2002; Segal 1991). Therefore the astrocytic glutamate release-induced TD may serve as a mechanism for initiation of epileptic seizures under pathological conditions. Although our results demonstrated that astrocytic glutamate release-induced TD and epileptiform discharges occurred in 4-AP slice seizure models, how many epileptiform discharges during perfusion of 4-AP are attributable to astrocytic glutamate release has not yet been determined in this study due to the lack of pharmacological tools to selectively block astrocytic glutamate release. The mechanisms by which 4-AP induces astrocytic release of glutamate are not known yet. One possible mechanism is that 4-AP directly stimulates astrocytic Ca2+ signals by refilling internal Ca2+ stores (Grimaldi et al. 2001). Another possibility is that 4-AP depolarizes glutamatergic neurons to release glutamate and indirectly activate astrocytic glutamate receptors.
Using dual recording in pairs of pyramidal neurons and astrocytes, we have found that the astrocytic TC is paired with the neuronal STC. The results in our study suggest that the astrocytic TC is a glutamate transport current because: 1) the astrocytic TC is inhibited and broadened by specific transport inhibitor TBOA (Fig. 4, C and D); 2) the constant rising slope of astrocytic TCs (Fig. 4B, top) supports the homogenous transporter-mediated current; and 3) the astrocytic TC is inhibited by neither the AMPA receptor antagonist NBQX (Fig. 4E) nor the anion channel inhibitor NPPB (Fig. 4F). When an astrocyte releases glutamate, glutamate acts on ionotropic glutamate receptors in neurons leading to a neuronal STC. Meanwhile, the releasing astrocyte and neighbor astrocytes reuptake released glutamate leading to an astrocytic TC in these astrocytes.
The results that astrocytic Ca2+ oscillations preceded neuronal STCs (Figs. 7C) suggest that astrocytic Ca2+ oscillations may be required for STCs. However, astrocytic Ca2+ oscillations occur spontaneously during control conditions even in the presence of TTX (Fig. 7, A and B, TTX) (Nett et al. 2002), while very few STCs occurred during control conditions (Fig. 7B, Con). These results imply that although the Ca2+ oscillation is required for glutamate release, the Ca2+ oscillation alone may not be sufficient to trigger astrocytic glutamate release. There may be other factors that regulate astrocytic glutamate release. One possible mechanism that regulates astrocytic exocytosis of glutamate release is the priming process that makes vesicles release-ready. During control conditions, there are very few vesicles in the release-ready status, and thereby astrocytic Ca2+ oscillations could not trigger many vesicles to fuse. IP3 or 4-AP not only increases Ca2+ oscillations but also promotes the priming process of vesicles (Figs. 5C and 7D), and thereby induces exocytosis of vesicular glutamate.
In this study, we report that astrocytic release of glutamate induces the TD and epileptiform discharges in pyramidal neurons by activating ionotropic glutamate receptors. Astrocytic glutamate release can be monitored by recording glutamate transport currents in astrocytes and by Ca2+ and Alexa Fluor-594 fluorescence in large vesicles in astrocytes. Our results indicated a novel mechanism for initiation of epileptic seizures and provide a potential target for developing drugs to control epileptic seizures.
The work was supported by National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke Grants IR29NS-37349 and RO1NS-39997.
↵1 The Supplementary Material for this article (two movies) is available online at http://jn.physiology.org/cgi/content/full/00448.2005/DC1.
The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. The article must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.
- Copyright © 2005 by the American Physiological Society


text:
Advertisingy u no do it?
Advertising (learn more)Advertise virtually anything here, with CPM banner ads, CPM email ads and CPC contextual links. You can target relevant areas of the site and show ads based on geographical location of the user if you wish.
Starts at just $1 per CPM or $0.10 per CPC.
Using another companies name in mine
Discussion in 'Legal Issues' started by steve_gts, Nov 24, 2005.


text:
Maxell DLT III XT Data CartridgeItem#: M29-2046 | Model#: 183570
Currently Out Of Stock!
You May Consider This Alternative
Additional Resources
Product Details
Manufactured by: Maxell
Warranty provided by: Maxell
UPC No: 025215909412
Mfg Part No: 183570
Box Size:
( Length:5, Width:5, Depth:2)
Shipping Weight: 0.5000 pound(s)
Click here for full warranty and support information
- Maxell logos are registered trademarks of Maxell. All others trademarks and copyrights mentioned herein are the property of their respective owners.


text:
After college (Williams '68), US Army ('68–'71), and four years in a ski shop, K2 hired Tom in February '76 as their rep in the mid-Atlantic, where he has remained ever since. During the decades, he has sold other products (SOS clothing, Ronald Louis/Athalon luggage, Thule, Marker, Phenix, et al). He created the character "Captain K2" in '86 (he's still out there, somewhere) and is perhaps best known for writing "The Green Book", a parody of a sales guide, from '80 to '01, when K2 took over that job. He continues to assemble and edit the annual "Quick Reference Guide", listing most skis (US market) by manufacturer and category on a single page (which shops in the mid-Atlantic have used for years to keep straight on what's out there). He also is very active with demos each winter and his clinics are known for their amusement factor.
SIA Newsletter


text: Explore Further Jabber Messenger Cisco Jabber Jabber Messenger Windows Sponsored Products Category Category Communications Subcategory Chat Publisher's Description+ From Jabber.com: JabberIM is a full-featured consumer and business instant messaging client for Windows. JabberIM is one of several Windows clients that are compatible with the Jabber technology. Features include AIM, ICQ, MSN, and Yahoo compatability; presence detection; IM blocking; instant text messaging; instant text conferencing; message history; and much more. Other features include file-transfer and text-editing features, an enhanced gateway setup, enhanced text conferencing, shortcut keys, shared groups, and SSL support (these require Jabber Commercial Server 2.1), as well as the ability to cancel file transfers in progress, and more. read more +


text:
Julie Haviv
Reuters [1]
Friday, September 5, 2008
NEW YORK (Reuters) – Home foreclosures and the rate of homes entering foreclosure rose to record highs in the second quarter, the Mortgage Bankers Association said on Friday.
"The national foreclosure numbers continue to be driven by the hardest-hit states continuing to get much worse," Jay Brinkmann, the association's chief economist and senior vice president for research and economics, said in a news release.
The increases in foreclosures in California and Florida overwhelmed improvements in states such as Texas, Massachusetts and Maryland, he said.
"It is unsurprising that mortgage delinquencies picked up further in the second quarter," John Ryding, chief economist, and Conrad DeQuadros, senior economist, at RDQ Economics in New York, said in commentary.
"However, the increase in delinquencies and foreclosures up to this point is most likely predominantly the product of poor underwriting standards. Going forward, we have to overlay the weak economy and labor market picture as this more traditional driver of delinquencies will probably become more of a factor," they said.
- A d v e r t i s e m e n t
For the quarter, a majority of the states saw relatively little change one way or the other, with California and Florida alone accounting for 39 percent of all of the foreclosures started in the second quarter and 73 percent of the increase in foreclosures between the first and second quarters, the MBA's Brinkmann said.
The seasonally adjusted foreclosure starts rate, the percentage of loans that entered the foreclosure process during the April-June quarter, was 1.19 percent, up from 0.99 percent in the first three months of 2008 and 0.65 percent in the second quarter of 2007.


text:
To make reservations by phone, dial freephone 0800 221 222 in the UK, 1 800 409 929 in Ireland, or view our regional telephone reservation numbers.
Welcome to the TownePlace Suites, located in beautiful Livonia, minutes away from downtown Detroit.
The TowneMap is the perfect tool for the traveler who is unfamiliar with the area. With locations of nearby dining, local businesses and other points of interest, you can explore all Livonia has to offer.
Studio Suite
With ample seating and the home office area, our office studios are ideal for offering the comforts of home while providing much needed benefits for the business traveler. Complimentary wired and wireless Internet is also included.
One-Bedroom Suite
Feel at home in our one-bedroom suites with ample space and fully-equipped kitchens.
Two-Bedroom Suite
Our apartment-style suites, featuring queen beds, are equipped with full kitchens and separate, private bedrooms. Wired and wireless Internet is also included along with flat panel TV's and cable and pay-per-view channels.
Our kitchens have what you need to make a good meal, store a light snack or quench your thirst.


text:
The final say on plans to build 650 new homes near a country park is now in the hands of Government Minister Eric Pickles.
The Secretary of State for the Department for Communities is to decide on the future of land at Sunholme Drive in Wallsend after developers Persimmon Homes called for a planning inquiry.
The hearing will include evidence from North Tyneside Council after its planning committee turned down Persimmon's application for new homes despite officers recommending the project for approval.
Peter Jordan, the divisional strategic land director at Persimmon, said: "We had recommendation for approval from the officers but the members decided they were experts and voted against the officers. That was in October 2013 and we appealed in December. They gave us seven reasons for refusal but the council have now removed six of them because they can't defend them. The one outstanding reason for the refusal was the landscape impact of the proposal on the community."
Mr Pickles is due to give his final ruling on the scheme in August.
The 28.8-hectare site close to the Rising Sun Country Park at the corner of Station Road and Whitley Road in Benton, also included proposals for a medical centre and retail space, as well as the mix of two to six-bedroom houses.
The application is for building work to start on 225 properties with outline consent given for a further 425.
However the scheme has been marred with protest from green campaigners who said brownfield sites should be priority for new housing and the land should be left alone.
The now defunct Holystone Action Group lobbied the council against the plans for its potential effect on wildlife and the application received 1000 objections from local residents.
Many are in favour of the land remaining a "green buffer" to protect the Rising Sun Country Park.
Among the reasons North Tyneside Council's planning committee gave for turning down the application was due to its risk of flooding, noise and on ecological grounds.
A spokesperson for the Planning Inspectorate said: "I can confirm an appeal has been submitted by Persimmon Homes regarding the application at the field north of Sunholme Drive, Wallsend.
"The hearing will take place June 24 and July 2. The appeal has been recovered by the Secretary of State who will make the final decision."


text:
Donald Trump - I appreciate that the Pope understands my view on the border.
Breitbart News Daily airs Weekdays 6am to 9am ET on SiriusXM Patriot 125. Hosted by Breitbart News Executive Chairman Stephen K. Bannon "Breitbart News Daily" will feature interviews with major newsmakers, listener phone calls and interaction, Also Breitbart reporters throughout the country and around the world will report on breaking stories and events of the day.
Licence : All Rights Reserved


text:
Couples about to tie the knot shouldn't ignore nagging doubts about getting married, warns a University of Alberta researcher. This conclusion appears to concur with the one suggested by a similar piece published in the Journal of Family Psychology in September 2012, which indicated that pre-wedding jitters may be a sign of trouble ahead.
If You Have Doubts Before Marriage, Don't Ignore Them
Current Status: Published (4)
Seeded on Tue Nov 13, 2012 4:31 AM
keyboard shortcuts: V vote up article J next comment K previous comment


text: Just got my mower back today. I replaced my motor on my jd 737 that blew last week. They replaced it with the newer 23 hp kawi and did some other maintenance to while in there - front wheel bearing, spindles, belts, idler pulley, etc... The guy at the jd house ended up saving me about $800 off the original price. Just wanted to say the new ride is awesome. You never know how bad it is until it is running right. I had given up on ol deere but now back to loving it. The mower is running great and cant wait to mow next week. Go deere.


text:
THEY have formed close bonds and friendships but today these BFFs - or best friends forever - will say goodbye to Year 1.
School's officially out for these Vale Park Primary School students Lucy, 6, Harry, 6, Jaime, 7, and Adam, 7, who say they are all excited to start Year 2 next year.
More than 160,000 students across the state will join them as the school holidays kick off this month.
Hundreds of private school students finished their year last week.
Year 1 student Lucy said she would remember 2012 as the year she had many visits from the tooth fairy.
"In Year 1 you lose your teeth and I've lost three," she said.
Her teacher, Kim Dickmann, said she would miss her students.
"It's sad, when you've got a great bunch of kids, (that) they move along," she said.
Education Minister Grace Portolesi congratulated the students and teachers.
"A special mention . . . to all the Year 7 students moving on to high school," she said. "Year 12 students . . . will be moving on to other exciting ventures and I . . . wish them all the best."
Originally published as Yippee! School's out for another year


text:
We noticed that you're using an unsupported browser. The TripAdvisor website may not display properly.We support the following browsers:
Internet Explorer
Mozilla Firefox
Google Chrome
. Mac:
Costa Rica
Costa Rica Tourism
Costa Rica Holiday Homes
Costa Rica Photos
Costa Rica Visitors Guide
About Costa Rica
Holiday homes
Things to do
Travel Forum
Travel Guides
Best of 2017
Help Centre
All of your saved places can be found here in My Trips.
Enter a destination
Log in
My Trips
Rental Inbox
Costa Rica
Site Map
Costa Rica
Hotels & Accommodations
10 Degrees Above–Bosque de Paz
Bosque del Cabo Rainforest Lodge–Cabinas Uhaina
Cabinas Vaz–Cerro Alto Lodge
Cerro Chato Eco Lodge–Finca Buena Fuente Residence Hotel
Finca Canas Castilla–Hotel Los Olivos
Hotel & Boutique Hojarascas–Hotel Hacienda del Mar
Hotel Hacienda Sueno Azul–Hotel San Valentin
Hotel Santa Ana–La Paloma Lodge
La Pampa Hostel–Natural Lodge Cano Negro
Natural Pacific Suites–Rancho Ricco
Rancho Verde de Osa (Charcos)–Tierra del Sol Ecolodge
Tierra Madre Eco Lodge–¡Upe! Hostel
By Location & Type
3-Star Hotels in Alajuela–Bajos del Toro Bed and Breakfasts
Bajos del Toro Hotels–Cocles Hotels with a Pool
Cocles Lodges–Hostels in Liberia
Hostels in Mal Pais–Paraiso Bed and Breakfasts
Paraiso Cottages–Province of Puntarenas Spa Resorts
Province of Puntarenas Specialty Lodging–San Jose Metro Luxury Hotels
San Jose Metro Motels–Zarcero Hotels
Popular Categories
All Inclusive Resorts in Costa Rica
Beach Resorts in Costa Rica
Wedding Hotels in Costa Rica
User Reviews
!!!!****Living a dream in a postcard****!!!!–A must if near or in Esterillos Este!
A Must See When Visiting Arenal Volcano–Amazing Christmas Vacation!
Amazing Costa Rica Resort–Average with small disappointments
Avoid Arenas del Mar–Beautiful place !
Beautiful place - no frills lodging–BEST Surfing School/Vacation
Best tennis instruction ever–Close to beach, friendly host, and beautiful mastiffs!
Close to perfection–Don't Stay at this Hotel- No Safety/Security at this Remote Location
DON'T STAY HERE–Extra-special
Extraordinary Rain Forest Lodge–Genuine Costa Rica: Great Location
Genuine Drake Bay Experience–Great Host
Great Hostel–Great Service and extraordinary birthday care
Great service and in a good location–Honeymoon
Honeymoon–Jose Retana is an excellent hotel manager
Journey to Healing–Lovely Sanctuary in Playa Hermosa
Lovely secluded beach living–Nice base to see all Monteverde atractions!
Nice beachfront and quiet location–Olé, olé y ole
OMG what a place !!!–Perfeckt for first or last nights
Perfect–Pura vida! Viva Juan!
Pura vida!!... Excellent !!.. If heaven exist, it's there!–Secluded Perfection
Secluded refuge amidst a busy Manuel Antonio–Surrounded by wildlife
Surrounded by wildlife, awakened by howler monkeys, grand spot in the rain forest...–This gets a bum rap!
This hotel is a perfect blend of hospitality, comfort and beauty close to gorgeous beaches. ||'Gustatory' delight–Very good stopover B&B between Arenal and southern Pacific coast
Very good surprise in the heart of San José.–Will 100% be going back!
Will be back, next time for 2 weeks... Yearly Vacation destination–"Worth going to!"
Last Minute Deals
Last Minute Hotels in Alajuela–Last Minute Hotels in Uvita
Vouchers, Discounts & Special Offers
Hotel Deals in Abangares–Hotel Deals in Paraiso
Hotel Deals in Parismina–Hotel Deals in Zarcero
Specials & Deals
Hotel Deals in Abangares, Costa Rica–Hotel Deals in Paraiso, Costa Rica
Hotel Deals in Parismina, Costa Rica–Hotel Deals in Zarcero, Costa Rica
Near Landmarks
Hotels near 100% Aventura Tours–Hotels near Cinco Ramas
Hotels near City Mall–Hotels near Fidelitas University
Hotels near Fiesta Casino–Hotels near Macaw Sanctuary Natuwa
Hotels near Mad Marlin Sportfishing–Hotels near Playa Cocles
Hotels near Playa Conchal–Hotels near Subwing Costa Rica
Hotels near Suenos de Maya–Hotels near Zuma Tours
Restaurants & Places to Eat
'Ono Cold Pressed Co–Bayleaf
Bayleaf Greek Restaurant–Cantina Don Chicho
Cantina Salsipuedes–Costa del Sol Restaurante & Hotel
Costa Rica–El Patio (Jaco)
El Patio (Liberia)–Helechos Bar
Heliconia Restaurante–La Caletta Lounge by Cala Luna Boutique Hotel & Villas
La Calle - Beer & Street Food (Alajuela)–Lands in Love Hotel & Resort
Langosta Beach Club–Marisqueria la Ostra
Marisqueria la Ribera–One Love Lounge
Ono Juice–Pollitos del Valle
Pollo Brujo–Restaurante Delicias Bahia Drake
Restaurante Diquis at Brunka Lodge–Rio Bhongo
Rio Restaurante–Soda Las Palmas
Soda Las Tinajitas–The Hummingbird Cafe
The Jazz Cafe–Zwart Cafe
By Location & Type
Abangares Breakfast Restaurants–Asian Restaurants in Drake Bay
Asian Restaurants in Escazu–Brunch Restaurants in Province of San Jose
Brunch Restaurants in Puerto Jimenez–Caribbean Restaurants in Manuel Antonio
Caribbean Restaurants in Manzanillo–Drake Bay Juice & Smoothies
Drake Bay Lunch Restaurants–Fusion Restaurants for Lunch in Alajuela
Fusion Restaurants for Lunch in Curridabat–Healthy Restaurants in San Isidro
Healthy Restaurants in San Isidro de El General–Italian Restaurants in Playa Flamingo
Italian Restaurants in Playa Grande–Late Night Steakhouses in La Fortuna de San Carlos
Late Night Steakhouses in San Jose–Mediterranean Restaurants in Montezuma
Mediterranean Restaurants in Moravia–Orosi Dinner Restaurants
Orosi Family Restaurants–Playa Flamingo Hamburgers
Playa Flamingo Ice Cream–Province of Cartago Delivery Restaurants
Province of Cartago Dinner Restaurants–Punta Arenas Restaurants for Group Dining
Punta Arenas Restaurants with Outdoor Seating–Restaurants Near Camaronal, Province of Puntarenas
Restaurants Near Canaan, Province of San Jose–San Rafael de Escazu Hamburgers
San Rafael de Escazu Late Night Restaurants–Seafood Restaurants in Guácima
Seafood Restaurants in Heredia–South American Restaurants in Isla del Coco
South American Restaurants in Jaco –Spanish Restaurants in Siquirres
Spanish Restaurants in Tamarindo–Tortuguero Ribs
Tortuguero Romantic Restaurants–Zarcero Dinner Restaurants
Near Landmarks
Restaurants near 100% Aventura Tours–Restaurants near Cafe Liberia
Restaurants near Cafe Mono Congo–Restaurants near Del Mar
Restaurants near Del Mar Surf Camp–Restaurants near Hacienda Tayutic Tours
Restaurants near Hamburguesia–Restaurants near Hotel y Restaurante El Guarco
Restaurants near Hotel y Restaurante Wilson Tulipan–Restaurants near Limoncello
Restaurants near Linda Vista Hotel–Restaurants near Pacuare Lodge
Restaurants near Pacuare River–Restaurants near Restaurante La Candelaria
Restaurants near Restaurante La Cascada–Restaurants near Tamarindo Charter Company
Restaurants near Tamarindo Dreamers Adventures–Restaurants near Zwart Art Cafe
Attractions & Things to Do
100% Aventura Tours–Cabinas Jimenez Golfo Dulce Boat Tour
Cabinas Los Laureles - Tours–Costa Rica Surf Club
Costa Rica Surf Safari–Finca Lindora (Monteverde)
Finca Lindora (Monteverde)–Jugo de Cana
Julio's Happy Tour–Monteverde Nature Guided Tours
Monteverde Night Walk Costa Rica–Pejibaye River
Pelagic Pursuits Costa Rica–Samara Local Fishing
Samara Sea Tour–Territorio Paintball
The Ara Project (Manzanillo)–Zuma Tours (Santa Teresa)
By Location & Type
4WD, ATV & Off-Road Tours in Arenal Volcano National Park–Factory Tours in Province of Alajuela
Factory Tours in Province of Puntarenas–Nature & Parks in Uvita
Nature & Wildlife Areas in Alajuela–Places to Visit in Las Catalinas
Places to Visit in Liberia–Sightseeing Tours in Gulf of Papagayo
Sightseeing Tours in Heredia–Zoos & Aquariums in Sarapiqui
Near Landmarks
Things to Do near 100% Aventura Tours–Things to Do near Cafe Mono Congo
Things to Do near Cafe Mundo–Things to Do near Del Mar
Things to Do near Del Mar Surf Camp–Things to Do near Hamburguesia
Things to Do near Hampton Inn & Suites by Hilton San Jose Airport–Things to Do near Hotel Yare
Things to Do near House of Ginger–Things to Do near Lo Que Hay
Things to Do near Lo Spago–Things to Do near Pacuare River
Things to Do near Paddle 9–Things to Do near Restaurante La Cascada
Things to Do near Restaurante La Casona De Cartago–Things to Do near Tamarindo Explorer
Things to Do near Tamarindo Farmers Market–Things to Do near Zwart Art Cafe
Travel Forums
Abangares Travel Forum–Zarcero Travel Forum
Explore topics
Airflight ticket prices to C.R. ???–" Tour travel to Costa Rica with family " smartcostarica.com
Vacation Rentals
!!!!Spring Special!!! $129/nt Incredible Sunsets and Great Relaxing Ocean Views–Apartamento Vacacional
Apartamento verde–Beautiful Studio in Playa Hermosa El Oasis #301
Beautiful Studio, Playa Hermosa, Guanacaste, C.R.–Casa Corazon del Mar
Casa Corazon del Mar–Casa Puertocito Point-Very Private, Panoramic View
Casa Puesta del Sol - Family ~ RA77581–Cosy Top Trees Jungle Apartment Quepos/Manuel Antonio
Cottage on coffee farm–Flamingo Marina Resort Condo 205
Flamingo Marina Resort Condo 504–Jolie maison au milieu de la nature
Jolly's Jungle Villa–Luxury & Nature - Your New Home
Luxury & Paradise - Fully Equipped–Near the Beach 1bedroom/1bathroom terrace
Near the Beach 2bathroom/1bedroom loft–Paloma Blanca 4E 4th Floor Ocean View
Paloma Blanca 4G 4th Floor Pool View–Romantic Lake Arenal Retreat, Stunning Views
Romantic little hideaway in Manuel Antonio–The Dream Caribbean House of Congo Bongo Ecolodges Costa Rica
The Dream Deluxe House of Congo Bongo Ecolodges Costa Rica–Villa del Sol - beautiful 4 bdr home with panoramic views at Las Catalinas
Villa del Sol Sleeps 12–¡Nuevo Apartamento! Tiene vista al bosque, paz y tranquilidad (ENG/ESP)
Tourism & Travel
Abangares, Costa Rica–Paraiso, Costa Rica
Parismina, Costa Rica–Zarcero, Costa Rica
Photos by Location
Alajuela: Photos–Zarcero: Photos
Cheap flights from Aguas Zarcas–Cheap flights from Zarcero
Cheap flights to Aguas Zarcas, Costa Rica–Cheap flights to Zarcero, Costa Rica
Airline Reviews
9 Air–Iraqi Airways
Island Air–Zagros Airlines
know better
book better
go better
© 2017 TripAdvisor LLC All rights reserved.
Terms of Use
Privacy Policy
* TripAdvisor LLC is not a booking agent and does not charge any service fees to users of our site... (
TripAdvisor LLC is not responsible for content on external web sites. Taxes, fees not included for deals content.
About Us
Help Centre


text:
California Democratic Rep. George Miller, a liberal lion of the House and close confidant of Minority Leader Nancy Pelosi, has decided to retire at the end of this term, he announced in a statement on his website today.
"This is a great institution and I cannot thank my family and my constituents enough for having given me the honor and privilege of representing my district in Congress these past 40 years," Miller, who won 20 elections to the House, wrote in the statement. "Now, I look forward to one last year in Congress fighting the good fight and then working in new venues on the issues that have inspired me. What a wonderful experience this has been."
Miller, 68, was elected in 1974 at age 29.
Sen. Chuck Schumer of New York, who along with fellow Democratic Sen. Dick Durbin of Illinois has shared a messy group house on Capitol Hill for years with Miller, tweeted that he is looking for a new roommate to fill Miller's room.
Seeking roommate. 20 terms in the House & unmatched legislative record preferred. Lover of cold cereal a must. http://t.co/oHy8z7wrKR
- Chuck Schumer (@SenSchumer) January 13, 2014
The trio's sloppy living quarters inspired "Alpha House," a television series produced by Amazon Studios, about four U.S. senators sharing a home in Washington. Former Rep. Bill Delahunt, D-Mass., used to live in the residence, which they call "The Omega House."
Miller, who was the home's de facto landlord, was the first of the veteran lawmakers to move into the home.
While Miller's seat is considered a safe bet for his party to fill - President Obama won 67 percent of the vote in the district - the departure of such a prominent force in the House Democratic Caucus perhaps signals wavering doubts that the party can successfully recapture the House majority this fall.
After she joined Miller in Congress, fellow Californian Rep. Pelosi counted Miller as a close collaborator for 28 years, particularly on the Affordable Care Act. Pelosi today called him "the model of the serious, substantive and successful legislator" whose "patriotism, wisdom and guidance have been especially valued."
"My sadness at his departure from Congress in 2015 is mitigated only by my certainty that he will utilize his exemplary knowledge and skills in a new venue where he will surely again be a successful leader for our state and our nation," Pelosi wrote in a statement. "I congratulate him on 40 years of inspired and inspirational leadership."
Miller served as chairman of three House committees during his career: Education & the Workforce, Natural Resources and he was co-chairman of the Democratic Steering and Policy committee.
As the top Democrat on the Education committee, Miller won bipartisan praise from House Speaker John Boehner, who he partnered with to craft the No Child Left Behind Act.
"No one would confuse me and George Miller for ideological soul mates, but during our years serving together on the Education & the Workforce Committee, we got things done on behalf of the American people thanks in no small part to his dedication and willingness to work for the greater good," Boehner, R-Ohio, stated. "I have great respect for George, and on behalf of the whole House, thank him for his decades of service and congratulate him on a remarkable career."
Miller is the fourth House Democrat to announce intentions to retire at the end of the session. House Democrats must pick up a net gain of 17 seats in order to seize the majority.


text:
Indie Horror Film "Rotgut" Needs More Gore!
While we do appreciate independent horror, we really only give a damn about the people who are passionate about film making. We are talking about guys and gals who live and breathe film, work two or three jobs on the side and dump their paychecks into their art. The people who don't have the Hollywood connections to land them that huge paying gig but still keep plugging away at.


text:
Thank you for your interest in Older Americans' Mental Health Week, an annual opportunity to spread the message that mental illness is not a normal part of aging. Older Americans' Mental Health Week is May 23-29, 2010.
Public awareness increases a community's understanding of mental illness and reduces the stigma that keeps many older Americans from seeking help. Public awareness activities can range from an information display at a library to a speaker panel event. Together, during Older Americans' Mental Health Week, we will continue to tell the American public and policy makers that:
✦Mental illness is not a normal part of aging.
✦Mental illnesses are real, common and treatable.
✦The more people know, the more they can help themselves and others.
✦Healthy adults continue to learn, enjoy life and contribute to society.
Public policy should promote mental health, not discriminate against older adults who have mental health problems.
Mental Health in Older Americans
One in four American adults have a diagnosable mental illness, but less than one-quarter of older adults with mental illness get any type of mental health attention, let alone appropriate treatment.
Undiagnosed and untreated mental illness has serious implications for older adults and their loved ones. Older women, who both live longer than men and often remain family caregivers, are particularly affected. Older women bear the brunt of restrictive public health policies that discourage diagnosis and treatment of mental illness.
Consider one common illness: depression. One in eight women will become depressed sometime throughout their lives. The highest rate of depression in women is among Middle-aged Hispanic women and African American women have the second highest rate. Women are more than twice as likely as men to be diagnosed with depression and typically live six years longer, further expanding the opportunity for undiagnosed illness. As caregivers, midlife and older women are often left to deal with undiagnosed and untreated mental health disorders in others.
Older Americans, family members, caregivers, neighbors and friends need to know the difference between healthy grieving over losses and unhealthy depression, between normal worries and anxiety disorders, and between normal use and overuse of alcohol and medications to dull emotional and/or physical pain.
1828 L Street NW, Suite 801 | Washington, DC 20036
Telephone: 800/825-3695| Fax: 202/332-2949|


text:
ALBUQUERQUE, N.M. — The legislation marks a first step by the state to address the problem of high suicide rates among Indian youth in New Mexico
New Mexico Gov. Susana Martinez traveled to the nation's largest American Indian reservation on Thursday to sign a bill aimed at preventing youth suicides, a problem that has plagued communities across Indian Country.
The legislation signed in the Navajo community of Shiprock will establish a framework for creating a statewide clearinghouse for suicide prevention and culturally-based prevention initiatives.
The federal Indian Health Service identifies suicide as the second-leading cause of death behind unintentional injuries among Indian children and young adults, and statistics show young Native Americans commit suicide at a rate more than three times the national average.
"It is so sad to see young people feel so devastated in their daily lives that they feel taking their own lives is the only option. What we need to do is make sure they understand that there are other options, that they don't have to take that ultimate step and that they matter," Martinez told The Associated Press.
No funding was set aside for the effort this year because of the state's limited resources, but Sen. Lynda Lovejoy, the Crownpoint Democrat who sponsored the measure, vowed she and other supporters would work to find the necessary money for establishing and expanding the program by the next legislative session.
The new law marks a first step in addressing a problem that requires special resources and expertise — something many tribes don't have, Lovejoy said.
"We want this to be effective. We don't want just an idea," Lovejoy said of the clearinghouse. "We want to plan it right. We want to organize it right. We want this to be a model for other states with Native populations."
In South Dakota, the Crow Creek tribe formed a task force earlier this year to stem a rise in suicides and attempted suicides on their reservation.
On the Fort Peck Reservation in Montana, Sioux and Assiniboine leaders declared a crisis last year after several children killed themselves and dozens of others tried.
New Mexico's legislation was sparked in part by a string of suicides in the Navajo community of Thoreau and on the Mescalero Apache Reservation in southern New Mexico between 2009 and 2010.
Lovejoy said the push for New Mexico to address the problem came from a grass-roots effort that involved "very caring people" who work with children in New Mexico's Indian communities.
Scattered, independent programs have worked to tackle Indian youth suicide, but Lovejoy said the challenges that are pushing children down that path transcend state and reservation boundaries.
She pointed to the rural, isolated lifestyle of many Native American families, dire economic conditions, few opportunities for youth to congregate outside of school, low self-esteem, bullying and a lack of mental health services.
"Our kids are so vulnerable that they can fall into the trap of this kind of travesty," Lovejoy said.
With the signing of the bill, supporters said Indian communities will have another place to look for help.
More resources are also being focused on Native American suicide thanks to the recent congressional overhaul of tribal health care. Federal law now requires more emphasis on preventative care and mental health services, including suicide prevention.
As New Mexico builds up its prevention program, the governor said the simplest thing families, friends, educators and communities can do is make children feel important and encourage them to overcome their fears and chase their dreams.
"We must not be held back by stereotypes, despair or glass ceilings that limit achievement and undermine confidence," she said.
Thursday, 31 March 2011 12:42
Gov. Susana Martinez traveled to the nation's largest American Indian reservation Thursday to sign a bill that aims to tackle a problem that has plagued many communities across Indian Country.
Martinez stopped in the Navajo community of Shiprock to sign legislation that establishes a framework for creating a statewide clearinghouse for suicide prevention along with culturally-based prevention initiatives.
The legislation marks a first step by the state to address the problem of high suicide rates among Indian youth in New Mexico.
The legislation was sparked in part by a string of suicides in Thoreau and on the Mescalero reservation between 2009 and 2010.
No funding has been set aside for the effort, but supporters say they will work over the next year to find the necessary money.


text:
Wedding Shoes, Remarkable Green Wedding Shoes Idea: green wedding shoes. Published at May 06th, 2017 15:35:38 PM by Lviv
Labelled as june bug weddings discussion or green dresses for weddings area of interest as well as green wedding shoes photography discussion with mint green wedding shoes topic with green wedding shoes real weddings discussion as well as grey likes weddings topic or Wedding Shoes, So don't forget to check out the main article in green wedding shoes
Confidence is the term that is needed by all people, including the women and on average the women wear something blink in the hope that they get the confidence many times. The blink impression can be presented in the shoes, the dress and the bag and habitually the diamonds are installed in the surface of […]
When we are discussing about the cream color, the most people admire this color in spite of the smoothness and this color is defined as the smooth color which has the yellowish-white color. As a matter of the fact, this color is really adorable although it looks so soft and highly smooth but the smoothness […]
Blue is a kind of natural colors commonly chosen by people particularly in painting their home living. Indeed, the sense and nuance accentuated by the blue tend to be so calming and even refreshing. Besides, although it is rather rarely, people also often use blue as the balancing by combining it with other bright colors. […]
Monthly Archives
Recent Posts
Recent Gallery
About Us
Article Index : A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z – 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Gallery Index : A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z – 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
© 2017 LvivGallery. Reproduction without explicit permission is prohibited. All Rights Reserved.


text:
If your company has granted you permission to work virtually, congrats. You can get a surprising amount done without the distractions of the office. But now you've got your work cut out for you: you've got to first create an environment that will help you be productive and focused while you work.
First, find a space. If you're lucky enough to have an extra room lying around, you can set that up as your home office. Otherwise, look at the spaces around your home to determine where it would be best to set up shop.
You might consider converting that rarely used guest bedroom into your office, says Lisa Fulmer, a marketing communications specialist. "As nice as it is to accommodate the occasional overnight visitor with their own private space, you'll get so much more out of that room by accommodating yourself and your dreams for working from home," she says. "If you want the room to do double-duty, buy one of those modern foam loveseats or chairs that convert to a small bed."
If the guest room isn't an option, says Fulmer, try a closet. By taking off the sliding doors, shelves, and hanger rod, you can add a desk and storage to create an instant office. If you have even less space, consider using a rolling cart that you can take wherever you like to work, or convert an entertainment hutch into a work space. "Even if you're using an open-shelf entertainment center, you can keep it from being an eyesore with coordinating baskets, trays, and storage cubes," Fulmer says.
Determine what you need. Now that you have your space set, you'll need to set it up with your computer, storage, and office supplies. Choose the items you need the most and put them within arm's reach. If you file papers, says Janet Bernstein, certified professional organizer and owner of Janet Bernstein Organizers, LLC, then keep your filing cabinet close by. And make sure you know where everything is stored so you don't waste time hunting for it or buy duplicates when you already have a stockpile of office paper. "If you're very visual and tend to forget where things are once placed in a closed cabinet or drawer, then consider organizing your office with open shelves and/or cubbies. Everything can still be organized if items are appropriately containerized and labeled," she says.
Make sure you have items like pens, notepads, and your printer within close reach, and that you have extras, especially of printer ink, which seems to run out just when you need it most.
Get (un)wired. Your next priority in your home office should be getting your technology up and running. In addition to setting up either a desktop or laptop to get your work done, consider what else your work requires, such as printers, headsets, and telephones.
Wires can be a headache, so go wireless where you can, says Jot Dhaliwal, founder of Kirpa Marketing: "For a home office, I would recommend as many wireless and Bluetooth devices as possible. I personally use a 13-inch Macbook Pro with an external monitor. By having a Bluetooth mouse and keyboard, I can convert my laptop into a "pseudo desktop" when I am at home. If I need to be on the go, I can just unplug the laptop from the monitor. ... The key is to minimize clutter by not having as many wires all over your desk space."
Adding extras. Now that you've got the basic components of your home office, add a few photos and desk toys to personalize the space. Also consider plants as not only decorating accessories, but also air cleaners, says DeAnna Radaj, an eco-shui designer and creator of DesignLEAN. "If you have a lot of electronic equipment, have at least one LIVE plant to help detox/clean the air & remove toxins," she says.
Lindsay Olson is a founding partner and public relations recruiter with Paradigm Staffing and Hoojobs.com, a niche job board for public relations, communications, and social media jobs. She blogs at LindsayOlson.com, where she discusses recruiting and job search issues.


text:
Other Accounts of What You Read in Luke 22
Luke 22:1–65—Matthew 26; Mark 14
Understanding the Scriptures
Luke 22
|Strife (v. 24)
|Exercise lordship over them (v. 25)
|Rule over them
|Benefactors (v. 25)
|Virtuous, upright, the best of persons
|Thrice (v. 34)
|Three times
|Purse and scrip (vv. 35–36)
|Money bag or sack to put possessions in
|Suffer ye thus far (v. 51)
|Stop this, there will be no more of this
|Things blasphemously (v. 65)
|Insulting things
Luke 22:31–34, 54–62—Peter Denies Jesus
In a talk entitled Peter, My Brother, Elder Spencer W. Kimball, then a member of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles, said that we should be careful about harshly judging Peter for his actions the night of Jesus' arrest. He reminded us that Peter had forsaken everything to follow Jesus (see Matthew 19:27–28). Furthermore, on different occasions, Jesus had commanded the Twelve to not tell what they knew "until the Son of man be risen again from the dead" (Matthew 17:9; see also Matthew 16:20).
Elder Kimball then said: "I do not pretend to know what Peter's mental reactions were nor what compelled him to say what he did that terrible night. But in light of his proven bravery, courage, great devotion, and limitless love for the Master, could we not give him the benefit of the doubt and at least forgive him as his Savior seems to have done so fully. Almost immediately Christ elevated him to the highest position in his church and endowed him with the complete keys of that kingdom" (Brigham Young University Speeches of the Year, 13 July 1971, 5).
Luke 22:39–44—Jesus Bled from Every Pore in Gethsemane
Elder Russell M. Nelson taught: "The ordeal of the Atonement centered about the city of Jerusalem. There the greatest single act of love of all recorded history took place. Leaving the upper room, Jesus and His friends crossed the deep ravine east of the city and came to a garden of olive trees on the lower slopes of the Mount of Olives. There in the garden bearing the Hebrew name of Gethsemane—meaning 'oilpress'—olives had been beaten and pressed to provide oil and food. There at Gethsemane, the Lord 'suffered the pain of all men, that all … might repent and come unto him.' He took upon Himself the weight of the sins of all mankind, bearing its massive load that caused Him to bleed from every pore" (in Conference Report, Oct. 1996, 46–47; or Ensign, Nov. 1996, 35).
Studying the Scriptures
Do activity B and one of the other three activities (A, C, or D) as you study Luke 22.
Explain It to a Child
Read Luke 22:7–20 and look for reasons why these verses might be describing the first sacrament meeting. Imagine being asked to explain to a primary class what Jesus meant in verses 19–20. Write what you would say to those children.
What Does It Mean to You?
After reading Luke 22:39–53, consider the following testimony by President Joseph Fielding Smith: "Here we have the Son of God carrying the burden of my transgressions and your transgressions and the transgressions of every soul that receives the gospel of Jesus Christ. … He carried the burden—our burden. I added something to it; so did you. So did everybody else. He took it upon himself to pay the price that I might escape—that you might escape—the punishment on the conditions that we will receive his gospel and be true and faithful in it" (Fall—Atonement—Resurrection—Sacrament [address at the Salt Lake Institute of Religion, 14 Jan. 1961], 8).
Picture in your mind those events and Jesus alone in His suffering. Explain what Jesus' suffering means to you.
Compare Two Men
Read about Judas in Luke 22:1–6, 46–48 and about Peter in Luke 22:31–34, 54–62. Answer the following questions:
Why do you think Judas did what he did?
Why do you think Peter did what he did?
Judas hanged himself; Peter was later called to lead the Church. What does that show about the differences between those two men?
Report the Facts
Reporters today who cover trials record and report the facts. If you were a reporter assigned to the trial described in Luke 22:66–71, what would you write? Write a report and include a headline that could be used in a newspaper.


text:
Search billions of records on Ancestry.com
DeKalb County Indiana Obituary
Ralph DePew
Contributed by Patricia Watson Dyson
April 21, 1994
Ralph W. DePew, 84, Route 2, Avilla, died Tuesday at 8:55 p.m. in DeKalb Memorial Hospital.
He was a retired farmer, had worked for the DeKalb County Highway Department and was a bus driver for Garrett schools for 27 years.
Mr. DePew was born May 13, 1900 in DeKalb County to the late Perry and Essie (Lawhead) DePew, One Dec. 3, 1923 in Waterloo, he married Helen Hawk. She preceded him in death May 1, 1973.
Surviving are three daughters, Mrs. Arnold Berry hill, Mrs. J. L. Fee, and Mrs. Harry Balzer, all of Kendallville; one son, David DePew, Avilla; one brother, Harold DePew, Garrett; nine grandchildren, three step- grandchildren, 11 great- grandchildren and four step-great-grandchildren.
Services will be Friday at 1:30 p.m. in McKee-Miles Funeral Home, Garrett. The Rev. Rick Mailloux, pastor of Christian Union Brethren in Christ Church, will officiate. Burial will be in Christian Union Cemetery.
Return to Obituary Index
Return to DCIGS Main Page


text:
- Legal 500 2015
"My no 1 mediator in the country for heavyweight property disputes. Client feedback (from a client who doesn't give praised lightly); 'I thought the Mediator was at the very least a good few blocks ahead of the previous one, a nice guy who got it very quickly. Certainly a man to use again.' 5/5" September 2016
"An excellent mediator - the best I have come across." April 2015
"Patrick showed he remains a first-class mediator and our firm's go-to mediator. A strong intellect balanced with characteristic gravitas (and good humour) allowed a long-running dispute to be settled following a one-day mediation. Patrick was client friendly with an ability to distil a case to its essence quickly. Patrick showed complete mastery of the facts and issues involved." January 2015
"I was extremely impressed with Patrick's style and manner. His understanding of
the issues was superb, and knew how to focus each party on the main issues to
effect a settlement with the other side." January 2015
"Very impressed. Incisive and properly challenging within his ambit" June 2014
"Very effective and personable. Had fully briefed himself. The way in which he approached the mediation didn't have the feel of a standardised process but one where the Mediator had thought about the dynamics of the parties. One of the easiest mediations I have had." June 2014
"Thoroughly impressive. I do about 8 mediations a year from £20k to £3m and he is up there with the best I have seen." Dec 2012


text:
PRZOOM - /newswire/ -
Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk, Russia, 2012/08/29 - Project Represents First Major Launch of Thermal Generation in Sakhalin in 30 Years (NYSE: GE). NYSE: GE
GE today announced that two of its aeroderivative gas turbines have been commissioned at a combined heat and power plant (CHP-1) in Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk, owned by OJSC (RAO Energy System of East). The two GE gas turbines make up the fifth generating block on-site. The two GE gas turbines have a total capacity of 91.2 megawatts (MW). This represents the first major launch in thermal generation in Sakhalin in 30 years.
Before the launch of the fifth block, Sakhalin lacked the required reserve capacity, and there were shortages when some generators were switched off. New power generating will provide the necessary reserve power capacity (109 MW). In addition, this also will allow phasing out obsolete generators at Sakhalin GRES power plant (12 MW will be decommissioned in this year).
The total project cost is 3.3 billion rubles. The project was fully funded by OAO RAO Energy System of East. GEs LM6000-PF Sprint gas turbines meet all modern requirements including a low emissions level as compared with other turbines of this class.
Sergei Tolstoguzov, general director of OAO RAO Energy System of East, said that the new generating unit would improve the reliability of power supply to Sakhalin residents, ensure the load distribution for quality scheduling of maintenance campaigns and create conditions for connecting of new consumers.
"This project emphasizes our commitment to remain a strategic partner and supplier of reliable and innovative technology to our Russian customers engaged in modernization and development of country's energy infrastructure," said Ron Pollett, president & CEO, GE in Russia/CIS.
In addition to participating in construction of the fifth generating block, OAO RAO Energy System of East, which is one of the shareholders of OAO Sakhalin Energy Company, took part in construction of the fourth generating block at Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk CHP where GEs LM6000-PF Sprint gas turbines also will be used. Its planned electric capacity is139.1 MW and thermal capacity is 133.5 Gcal/h. After the launch of the fourth generating unit, the reserve capacity in Sakhalin will reach 164 MW.
About GE
GE (ge.com) works on things that matter. The best people and the best technologies taking on the toughest challenges. Finding solutions in energy, health and home, transportation and finance. Building, powering, moving and curing the world. Not just imagining. Doing. GE works.
Follow GEs Power & Water business on Twitter @GE_PowerWater.
PRESS Contacts
Elma Peters, GE Energy
P: +420 239 015 443 - E: elma.peters[.]ge.com.
Gina DeRossi, Masto Public Relations
P: +1 518 786 6488 - E: Gina.derossi[.]mastopr.com.
Howard Masto, Masto Public Relations
P: +1 518 786 6488 - E: howard.masto[.]ge.com.
GE news, Masto Public Relations - E: information[.]mastopr.com.
Agency / Source: General Electric Company
Availability: All Regions (Including Int'l)
Traffic Booster: [/] Quick PRZOOM - Press & Newswire Visibility Checker
Distribution / Indexing: [+] / [Company listed above is a registered member of our network. Content made possible by PRZOOM / PRTODAY indexing services]


text:
Criminal Law
Criminal Law Questions? Ask a Criminal Lawyer.
That information is not accurate. Given the proper notice an employer cannot fire you or force you to use any leave for that day - but they do not need to compensate you.
If my answer has been helpful, please ACCEPT my answer so I get credit for my effort to help you . If I can be of further help, let me know. Appropriate FEEDBACK is appreciated as is a bonus. Thanks ~ Michelle