text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|Dec 12, 2000
|Filing date
|Nov 5, 1998
|Priority date
|Dec 10, 1996
|Fee status
|Also published as
|Publication number
|Eckhard Alt
|Original Assignee
|Inflow Dynamics, Inc.
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (4), Referenced by (127), Classifications (36), Legal Events (5)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
This application is a continuation-in-part of co-pending patent application Ser. No. 08/762,739 of the same inventor and assignee, filed Dec. 10, 1996 now U.S. Pat. No. 5,871,437.
The present invention relates generally to stents for implantation in a body to maintain the lumen of a duct or vessel open for unimpeded passage of liquid, solid or gas therethrough. For example, stents are typically implanted to prevent collapse or to impede narrowing of a blood vessel such as a coronary artery, so that blood will continue to flow freely through the vessel after an occlusion has been found and/or an angioplasty procedure has been performed, but stents may also be implanted in other body ducts for a similar purpose of allowing other body fluids or solid material to pass through the duct. More particularly, the present invention is directed to stents which are rendered radioactive prior to implantation to inhibit the formation or reformation of a stenotic region or to reduce the rate of growth of a tumor that otherwise would occlude a duct.
The benefits of angioplasty, particularly percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) and most especially balloon angioplasty, has been amply demonstrated over more than a decade. Angioplasty is an effective procedure to open blood vessels which have been partly or even fully occluded by a stenotic region such as a buildup of plaque or fatty deposits on the inner lining. Left untreated, such deposits in the coronary arteries could result in myocardial infarction and death. Blockage occurring in other blood vessels may lead to maladies such as phlebitis, paralysis or atrophy, for example.
With PTCA patients, however, it was found that restenosis occurs in as much as 50% of the cases, typically within only a few weeks or months following the initial procedure. A repeat procedure in such cases often demonstrated little or no effect. It was discovered that the restenosis was usually attributable not to new deposits of plaque or to thrombus formation, but rather to a response of the tissue to trauma that resulted from the angioplasty procedure itself, even the rather mild trauma induced by balloon angioplasty in contrast to laser or scraping techniques. Contact with the inner lining of the vessel wall induces a form of cellular hyperplasia manifested by a profound proliferation of the smooth muscle cells, to an extent that reocclusion may even exceed the clogging that prompted resort to the original angioplasty procedure. Production of the new tissue cells occurs within the intimal and medial layers, in a mechanism analogous to wound healing and scar tissue.
To reduce the likelihood of reocclusion of the vessel, it has become common practice for the physician to implant a stent in the patient at the site of the angioplasty or atherectomy procedure, immediately following that procedure, as a prophylactic measure. The stent is advanced on a balloon catheter to the designated site of the prior (or even contemporaneous) procedure under fluoroscopic observation. When the stent is positioned at the proper site, the balloon is inflated to expand the stent radially to an inner diameter at or slightly larger than the normal unobstructed inner diameter of the arterial wall, for permanent retention at the site. The stent implant procedure from the time of initial insertion to the time of retracting the balloon is relatively brief, and certainly far less invasive than coronary bypass surgery.
Despite its considerable benefits, coronary stenting alone is not a panacea, as studies have shown that about 30% of the patient population subjected to that procedure will still experience restenosis. Clearly, that percentage is still quite favorable compared to the approximate 50% recurrence rate for patients who have had a PTCA procedure without stent insertion at the angioplasty site. But improvement is needed. Also, risks of inflammation of the vessel wall and of attachment of thrombi at the site are exacerbated by the very presence of the stent in the vessel.
A stent is typically composed of a biologically compatible material (biomaterial) such as a biocompatible metal wire mesh of tubular shape or a metallic tube populated with sidewall through-holes to permit radial expansion thereof The stent should be of sufficient strength and rigidity to maintain its shape after deployment, and to resist the normal elastic recoil of the artery that occurs after the vessel wall has been stretched. After the stent is inserted into the vessel, its presence in the blood stream may induce a local or even systemic activation of the patient's hemostase coagulation system. When stents are used in blood vessels of less than about 3 millimeters (mm) diameter, such as the coronary arteries, the incidence of complications increases to an even greater extent.
In the past several years, considerable research has been devoted worldwide to studying the mechanisms of restenosis. Research conducted by the applicant has indicated that local thrombus formation is one of the mechanisms that promote restenosis. Animal research by the applicant has shown that a further 30% reduction in the restenosis rate (i.e., the rate of recurrence) may be achieved if the stent is coated with a biocompatible, non-foreign body-inducing, biodegradable polylactic acid of thin paint-like thickness in a range below 100 microns, and preferably about 10 microns thick. This thin coating on a metallic stent may be used to release drugs incorporated therein, such as hirudin and/or a platelet inhibitor such as prostacyclin (PGI2), a prostaglandin. Both of these drugs are effective to inhibit proliferation of smooth muscle cells, and decrease the activation of the intrinsic and extrinsic coagulation system. Therefore, the potential for a very significant reduction in restenosis has been demonstrated in these animal experiments.
That invention is disclosed in co-pending patent application Ser. No. 08/798,333, now U.S. Pat. No. 5,788,979, of the applicant herein. The stent is coated with a biodegradable substance or composition which undergoes continuous degradation in the presence of body fluids such as blood, to self-cleanse the surface as well as to release thrombus inhibitors incorporated in the coating. Disintegration of the carrier occurs slowly through hydrolytic, enzymatic or other degenerative processes. The biodegradable coating acts to prevent the adhesion of thrombi to the biomaterial or the coating surface, especially as a result of the inhibitors in the coating, which undergo slow release with the controlled degradation of the carrier. Blood components such as albumin, adhesive proteins, and thrombocytes can adhere to the surface of the biomaterial, if at all, for only very limited time because of the continuous cleansing action along the entire surface that results from the ongoing biodegradation.
Materials used for the biodegradable coating and the slow, continuous release of drugs incorporated therein include synthetic and naturally occurring aliphatic and hydroxy polymers of lactic acid, glycolic acid, mixed polymers and blends. Alternative materials for those purposes include biodegradable synthetic polymers such as polyhydroxybutyrates, polyhydroxyvaleriates and blends, and polydioxanon, modified starch, gelatine, modified cellulose, caprolactaine polymers, acrylic acid and methacrylic acid and their derivatives. It is important that the coating have tight adhesion to the surface of the biomaterial, which can be accomplished by applying the aforementioned thin, paint-like coating of the biodegradable material that may have coagulation inhibitors blended therein, as by dipping or spraying, followed by drying, before implanting the coated biomaterial device.
Two or more different drugs suitable for inhibiting coagulation may be incorporated into the carrier to provide a synergistic effect with release as the coating slowly disintegrates, as where one substance inhibits plasmatic coagulation and another inhibits platelet-induced, cellular coagulation. Hyperplasia is inhibited or suppressed as well, and infection is avoided even when the coating is applied to the biomaterial under non-aseptic conditions.
Hirudin is a naturally occurring and potent thrombin inhibitor that may be incorporated into the carrier with very beneficial results. Similar results are achievable with natural or synthetic prostaglandin derivative instead of or in addition to the hirudin. Specific platelet inhibitors that act on the GP IIb/IIIa receptor are especially helpful in preventing platelet activation following coronary interventions. Anti-adhesive peptides are also suitable, especially with thrombocyte aggregation inhibitors. Inhibition of adhesive proteins which function as bridging proteins tends to preclude adhesion and aggregation of thrombocytes. Locally effective, naturally occurring fibrinolytic substance such as Urokinase, r-TPA or Streptokinase, when added to the coating carrier for slow release, enhance continuous selfcleaning of the surface.
Anti-proliferation substances may be incorporated into the coating carrier to slow proliferation of smooth muscle cells at the internal surface of the vascular wall. Such substances include corticoids and dexamethasone, which prevent local inflammation and further inducement of clotting by mediators of inflammation. Substances such as taxol, tamoxifen and other cytostatic drugs directly interfere with intimal and medial hyperplasia, to slow or prevent restenosis, especially when incorporated into the coating carrier for slow release during biodegradation. Local relaxation of a vessel can be achieved by inclusion of nitrogen monoxide (NO) or other drugs that release NO, such as organic nitrates or molsidomin, or SIN1, its biologically effective metabolite.
A slow release of appropriate drugs incorporated in the biodegradable coating can serve to prevent thrombus formation and also to inhibit inflammatory responses and restenosis of a coronary artery in which a stent is implanted. In this respect, another factor that contributes to restenosis is the natural elastic recoil of the artery and resulting loss of lumen diameter that follows an angioplasty procedure. Stenting serves to stabilize the artery and to resist this natural recoil, by virtue of the rigid structure of the metal stent in its expanded state.
The amount and dosage of the drug or combination of drugs incorporated into and released from the biodegradable carrier material is adjusted to produce a local suppression of the thrombotic and restenotic processes, while allowing systemic clotting of the blood. The active period of the coated stent may be adjusted by varying the thickness of the coating, the specific type of biodegradable material selected for the carrier, and the specific time release of incorporated drugs or other substances selected to prevent thrombus formation or attachment, subsequent restenosis and inflammation of the vessel.
The biodegradable coating undergoes virtually complete disintegration during an initial period of from two weeks to about three months following implantation of the stent. By that time the mechanisms that promote restenosis will have subsided, and a natural tissue layer of limited extent will have begun to form on the stent. This acute response is deemed to be most important, substantially lessening a need for more long-term action. In a study conducted by the applicant, fully four weeks after implantation of a coated stent in a coronary artery of a sheep the device was found to be unobstructed and to have kept the artery fully open for blood flow therethrough, whereas an uncoated stent implanted at the same time displayed a considerably reduced lumen diameter.
The biodegradable coating may also be applied to the stent in multiple layers, either to achieve a desired thickness of the overall coating or a portion thereof for prolonged action, or to employ a different beneficial substance or substances in each layer to provide a desired response during a particular period following implantation of the coated stent. For example, at the moment the stent is introduced into the vessel, thrombus formation will commence, so that a need exists for a top layer if not the entire layer of the coating to be most effective against this early thrombus formation, with a relatively rapid release of the incorporated, potent anticoagulation drug to complement the self-cleansing action of the disintegrating carrier. For the longer term of two weeks to three months after implantation, greater concern resides in the possibility of intimal hyperplasia that can again narrow or fully obstruct the lumen of the vessel. Hence, the same substance as was present or a different substance from that in the top layer might be selected for use in the application of the coating to meet such exigencies. Hirudin, for example, can be effective against both of these mechanisms or phenomena.
The prior art has suggested the use of radiation to inhibit restenosis. Fischell et al. proposes in U.S. Pat. No. 4,768,507 the use of a special percutaneous insertion catheter for purposes of enhancing luminal dilatation, preventing arterial restenosis, and preventing vessel blockage resulting from intimal dissection following balloon and other methods of angioplasty.
In U.S. Pat. No. 4,779,641 and co-pending European patent application No. 92309580.6, the use of an interbiliary duct stent is disclosed. There, radioactive coils of a wire which are embedded into the interior wall of the bile duct ostensibly to prevent restenotic processes from occurring.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,448,691 and co-pending European patent application No. 90313433.6 disclose a helical wire stent, provided for insertion into an artery following balloon angioplasty or atherectomy, which incorporates or is plated with a radioisotope. According to that patent, a radioactive stent will decrease the proliferation of smooth muscle cells. The disclosure teaches that the stent may be made radioactive by irradiation or by incorporating a radioisotope into the material of which the stent is composed. Another solution would be to locate the radioisotope at the core of the tubular stent or to plate the radioisotope onto the surface of the stent. The patent also teaches, aside from the provision of radioactivity of the stent, that an outer coating of anti-thrombogenic material might be applied to the stent.
U.S. Pat. No. 5,059,166 to Fischell et al. discloses a helical coil spring stent composed of a pure metal which is made radioactive by irradiation. Alternative embodiments disclosed in summary fashion in the patent include a steel helical stent which is alloyed with a metal that can be made radioactive, such as phosphorus (14.3 day half life); or a helical coil which has a radioisotope core and a spring material covering over the core; or a coil spring core plated with a radioisotope such as gold 198 (Au198, which has a half life of 2.7days), which may be coated with an anti-thrombogenic layer of carbon.
Clinical basic science reports such as "Inhibition of neointimal proliferation with low dose irradiation from a beta particle emitting stent" by John Laird et al published in Circulation (93:529-536, 1996) describe creating a beta particle-emitting stent by bombarding the outside of a titanium wire with phosphorus. The implantation of phosphorus into the titanium wire was achieved by placing the P31 into a special vacuum apparatus, and then vaporizing, ionizing and, accelerating the ions with a higher voltage so that the P31 atoms become buried beneath the surface of the titanium wire in a thickness of about 1/3 micron. After exposing the wire together with the phosphorus radioisotope for several hours to a flux of slow neutrons part of the P31 atoms were converted into a P32, a pure beta particle emitter with a maximum energy of 1.709 megaelectron-volts, an average of 0.695 megaelectron-volts, and a half-life of 14.6 days.
Despite the convincing clinical results obtained by this method, practical application of the method in human patients raises considerable concerns. First, it is difficult to create a pure beta emitter from phosphorus if a stent is exposed to a flux of slow neutrons. In addition to converting phosphorus from P31 to P32, the metallic structure of the titanium wire will become radioactive. Therefore, about 20 days are needed to allow the radiation to decay, especially gamma radiation which originates from the titanium wire. Even worse is the situation where a metal such as stainless steel undergoes radioactive irradiation, resulting in production of unwanted γ radiation and a wide range of short and long term radionuclei such as cobalt57, iron55, zinc65, molybdenum99, cobalt55. A pure beta radiation emitter with a penetration depth of about 3 millimeters is clearly superior for a radioactive stent for purposes of local action, side effects, and handling.
Reports have indicated that good results have been obtained with a radioactive wire inserted into the coronary arteries or into arteriosclerotic vessels of animals. Results obtained with a gamma radiation source from a wire stems from the deeper penetration of gamma radiation, which is about 10 mm. Assuming that the vessel is 3 to 4 mm in diameter, a distance of 2 to 4 mm depending on the actual placement of the wire toward a side wall has to be overcome before the radiation acts. Therefore, the clinical results that have been obtained with radioactive guide wires that have been inserted into the coronary arteries for a period ranging from about 4 to 20 minutes for delivery of a total dosage of about 8 to 18 Gray (Gy) have shown that gamma radiation has a beneficial effect while beta radiation from a wire is less favorable. On the other hand, gamma radiation which originates from a stainless steel stent such as composed of 316L is less favorable since the properties of β radiation such as a short half-life and a short penetration depth are superior to γ radiation originating from radioactive 316L with a long half-life and a deeper penetration since the proliferative processes of smooth muscle cell proliferation occur within the first 20 to 30 days and only in the very close vicinity of the stent.
In addition, a half-life which is too short such as one to two days considerably impacts on logistics if a metallic stent needs to be made radioactive. That is, by the time the stent is ready for use, its radioactivity level may have decayed to a point which makes it unsuitable for the intended purpose.
A discussion of the irradiation of nickel-titanium or steel is found in German patent P 4315002 issued to Christoff, and corresponding PCT application EP 94-01373 which corresponds to EP 94 916177.2, reporting on a metallic stent with a short and a long half-life.
While the prior art reports on various ways to make a metallic stent radioactive, for the purpose of practical use it is assumed that the availability of a non-radioactive metallic stent has considerable advantages. It is a principal aim of the present invention to provide a method to provide radioactivity without incorporating the radioactive material into a metallic stent or irradiating the stent itself. In this way, the radioactivity can be more easily integrated, manufactured, maintained, controlled, distributed, and so forth, than is possible with a radioactive metallic stent that is produced by the usual known methods.
The present invention employs a radioisotope or a material which can be made radioactive, preferably but not necessarily a beta emitter, examples being phosphorus 32 (P32) or gold 198 (Au198) but other materials such as those mentioned earlier herein may alternatively be used.
According to the invention, a metallic stent is coated with a biodegradable or non-biodegradable coating or carrier which incorporates a beta emitting radioactive source such as phosphorus P32 with a radioactivity level of about one microcurie. Preferably, phosphorus in organic form is obtained for low level radiation test purposes in a microcurie range, and can be easily blended into a chloroform or solvent of a polylactic carrier. In addition, not only is the restenosis triggered by proliferation of smooth muscle cells inhibited, but the restenosis triggered by thrombus formation can also be inhibited, by incorporating into the coating carrier not only a radioactive material such as a phosphorus isotope, but also hirudin or iloprost or other anti-coagulant.
To prevent the phosphorus radioactivity from being distributed throughout the body, it is preferred that an inner coating containing the radioactive phosphorus be applied directly onto the surface of the stent, and then an outer coating applied atop the inner coating, containing substances such as an anti-coagulant or a proliferation inhibitor such as taxol or other hemotherapeutics. Thus, an important aspect of the invention is that the coating may be applied in multiple layers to accomplish this task, each of which is allowed to dry before the next is applied.
Another important aspect of the invention is that a combination of a cytostatic substance such as taxol and radiation is beneficial because the presence of the cytostatic substance causes the cell proliferation to be more organized in a certain phase that makes it more susceptible to radiation. For example, exposure to radioactivity in the presence of the cytostatic substance provides the same effect at 20% of the delivered dosage as would 100% radioactivity (i.e., with no cytostatic or comparable substance present).
Preferably, the coating or carrier material is biodegradable, and the half life of the radioactive emitter (preferably but not necessarily a beta emitter) is selected to be shorter than the degradation rate of the biodegradable carrier for the thickness of the coating involved, that is, shorter than the time interval that the layer in which the radioactive source material is incorporated will completely disintegrate. Also, the radioactive emitter is selected to have an activity level that will assure delivery of sufficient radioactivity to the tissue at the inner lining of the coronary artery (for example) to achieve the desired purpose. Consequently, the tissue in the locality of the vascular site targeted for treatment will receive a radiation dosage sufficient to inhibit cellular proliferation, and thus, restenosis of the vessel at the site of the trauma before a complete degradation or disintegration of the carrier. Additionally, the continuing and complete disintegration of the carrier will not result in a systemic distribution of particulate matter of measurable radioactivity level throughout the body of the patient.
The above and still further aims, objects, features, aspects and attendant advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description of certain preferred compositions, structures and methods of fabrication constituting the best mode presently contemplated of practicing the invention, when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a partly complete perspective view of an example of a vascular stent in which the present invention is employed; and
FIG. 2 is a fragmentary enlarged view of the sidewall of the stent of FIG. 1 with a sectioned portion showing detail of the biodegradable coating according to the present invention.
Preferably, the coating to be applied to a stent according to the present invention employs a biodegradable carrier which is selected to undergo a slow disintegration without harmful effect in the cardiovascular system. Such a coating carrier serves to continuously cleanse the exposed surface of the stent by removal of a microscopically thin layer of the carrier material while releasing selected drugs incorporated therein. The carrier may be selected from natural or synthetic aliphatic or hydroxy polymers of lactic acid, glycolic acid, or mixed polymers or blends thereof or from synthetic polymers such as polyhydroxybutyrates, polyhydroxyvaleriates or blends thereof, or from polydioxanon, modified starch, gelatine, modified cellulose, caprolactaine polymers, acrylic acid or methacrylic acid or their derivatives. Alternatively, a non-biodegradable carrier may be used. A peripheral primary requirement for either such carrier is that it be sufficiently elastic and flexible to remain unruptured on the exposed surfaces of the stent despite a considerable expansion of the stent during deployment to increase the lumen diameter from, typically, 1 mm to 5 mm.
A substance which may comprise a single drug or agent, such as hirudin or a platelet inhibitor such as prostacyclin (PGI2), or a proliferation inhibitor such as taxol or other hemotherapeutics is incorporated into the carrier. Each of these is effective to inhibit proliferation of smooth muscle cells, and decrease the activation of the intrinsic and extrinsic coagulation system. Alternatively, a synergistic combination of agents of sufficient potency to prevent the thrombus formation, inflammation and restenosis of the vessel, can be blended into the carrier prior to application to the stent. In the preferred method, the coating containing these types of drugs is applied as the outer layer, atop an inner layer to be applied directly to the stent surface and incorporating the radioactive material such as P32 with a radioactivity level of about one microcurie. The additive drugs or substances for the outer layer of the coating should be capable of being dissolved or dispersed in a quickly evaporating solution, such as chloroform or methyl chloride, to effect fast drying with a low boiling point.
Referring to the Figures, the carrier should adhere tightly to the surface of the metal (or non-metallic) stent 10, and preferably this is accomplished by applying the carrier material in successive thin layers. The stent 10 itself is preferably an non-radioactive biocompatible metallic tube (e.g., 316L stainless steel with or without a further biocompatible metal coating) 11 with open ends 12 and 13, and whose sidewall 15 is populated throughout with through-holes 16, or alternatively a metal tubular wire mesh. Although only a few through-holes are shown in FIG. 1, it will be understood that they are present throughout the sidewall. Stent structures are well known and the particular structure of the stent is not a factor in the present invention, so it is not necessary to go into further detail. Suffice it to say that the carrier coating 20 is preferably applied to the entire exposed surface of the stent, but alternatively may be limited to a particular portion of the stent surface if desired, and in any event should not applied in a manner that will lead to blockage of through holes or mesh openings in the stent. Even if the latter were to occur, however, it would not interfere with the capability to open the stent at the time it is to be deployed, typically by inflating the balloon catheter on which the stent is mounted to expand its diameter to engage the inner lining of the blood vessel.
Each layer may incorporate coagulation inhibitors, and may be applied by dipping or spraying the stent in or with a liquid solution of the carrier of moderate viscosity. After each layer (such as 23, 25 of FIG. 2) of coating 20 is applied, the stent is dried before application of the next layer. Particular attention should be given to drying of the final layers above the inner layer which incorporates the radioactive material. It is desirable that the thin, paint-like composite coating should not exceed an overall thickness of 100 microns, and preferably is about 10 microns thick--5 microns for each of the inner layer 23 (radioactive, to inhibit smooth muscle cell proliferation) and outer layer 25 (anti-coagulant, to inhibit thrombus formation).
A suitable biodegradable coating solution is prepared by dissolving 480 milligrams (mg) of a drug carrier, such as poly-D, L-lactid (available as R203 of Boehringer Inc., Ingelheim, Germany) in 3 milliliters (ml) of chloroform under aseptic conditions. In principle, however, any biodegradable (or non-biodegradable) coating material that is blood and tissue compatible and can be dissolved, dispersed or emulgated, may be used as the carrier agent if, after application, it undergoes relatively rapid drying to a self-adhesive lacquer- or paint-like coating, and subsequent disintegration in a controlled manner when in contact with the blood or tissue fluids. The molecular weight of 27000 dalton of R203 has been found to best suit the requirements of both mechanical stability and elasticity to guarantee a complete coverage of the stent also in an expanded state.
Sterile active substances may be selectively incorporated in the carrier by addition to the biodegradable carrier solution for antithrombotic, anti-inflammatory, anticoagulant, anti-proliferative and/or antibiotic action. A suitable biodegradable coating material impregnated with hirudin--especially the pharmaceutical preparation of PEG hirudin (polyethylene glycol bound hirudin)--is prepared by dispersing 24 mg of finely separated hirudin power into the carrier solution under aseptic conditions, and then storing the mixture at -10� C. for subsequent application. A liquid hirudin anticoagulant drug solution may be prepared rather than powder.
Other examples of preparation of suitable biodegradable coating compositions incorporating active substances are the following. 48 mg of iloprost (trade name for synthetic prostaglandin derivative) is dispersed under aseptic conditions into the carrier solution, and the composition is stored at -10� C. until ready for use. Prostacyclin PGI2 may be used to substantially the same effect. A dexamethasone coating is prepared by introducing 4.8 mg of finely dispersed dexamethasone powder into the carrier solution. Alternatively, a liquid form of dexamethasone (available under the trade name Fortecortin in Germany), which is crystalline in solution, may be used. For an antibiotic coating, 4.8 mg of gentamicin powder is dispersed into the carrier solution. Heparin can be incorporated as an anticoagulant substance into the coating by dissolving 24 mg of heparin powder into the carrier solution, but is clearly a less favorable antithrombotic agent compared to hirudin for local application.
At times, it may be desired to have a more rapid antithrombotic action, as in cases where a critical infarction patient has a high risk of local thrombus formation by adhesion of preexisting thrombin material to the stent and resultant closure of the coronary artery when the stent is implanted. In such instances, the stent may be coated with a compound including the carrier solution with 50,000 units of urokinase powder incorporated therein, by dipping the stent into the compound solution and then drying the resultant coating on the surface of the stent. Even as such a coated stent is being introduced in the coronary artery, a fast release of the antithrombotic drug is taking place, with controlled biodegradation of the coating, to effect continuous local thrombolysis.
For the inner layer, a suitable amount of the radioactive isotope, such as phosphorous P32, is added to the coating carrier to provide a radioactivity level of about one microcurie or somewhat higher level for the overall inner layer, which is deemed to be sufficient to produce the desired inhibition of hyperplasia. Other radioactive materials, including but not limited to an isotope of gold (Au198), may alternatively be employed. Because the coating process is performed in the presence of a radioactive material, albeit very low level, the portion of the process involving application of the inner layer to the stent (which, as noted above, may be applied in several thin layers to produce the thicker, preferably 5 micron inner layer) may be and preferably is performed with a robotic apparatus.
Preferably the radioactive material is a beta radiation emitter, and preferably it has a radioactivity half life shorter than the time interval required for the biodegradable carrier to disintegrate, based on the degradation rate of the carrier and the thickness of the overall coating. This would tend to assure that the tissue being treated at the targeted site is subjected to a sufficient dosage of ionizing radiation to inhibit cellular proliferation and the resulting restenosis before the inner layer of carrier material disappears. Moreover, the radioactivity level of the emitter will by then have dissipated to avoid any measurable systemic radioactivity in the patient's body from disintegration of the biodegradable carrier.
As a result of its capability to be expanded in diameter and then to remain relatively rigid, the stent is adapted to prevent elastic recoil of the vessel wall. The carrier portion of the coating is a material having a molecular chain length which renders the it sufficiently elastic on the stent to preclude cracking or other disruption of the coating when the stent is deployed in the vessel. For example, the stent may have a diameter of 0.03 to 0.04 inch when it is in the unexpanded state and crimped onto the balloon catheter, and may be expanded to 2.5 to 5 millimeters when deployed, so that it may be stretched by a factor of 3 to 6. The coating must be sufficiently elastic to preclude it from cracking or becoming brittle during such deployment, that any portion of the stent biomaterial is uncoated and exposed. The R203 material referred to above has a molecular chain length quite adequate for these purposes.
In the coating process, the stent is preferably dipped into the sticky carrier solution (which may be moderately to highly viscous, depending on desired thickness of the coating, or applied in several coats using a spray-on thinner solution) incorporating the selected drug(s), under sterile conditions and at room temperature. Typically, only about 1 to 2 minutes are required for drying. After evaporation of the solvent (e.g., chloroform), the coating tightly adheres to the stent surface. If desired, the coating may be applied to the stent in one or more layers just before the stent is to be implanted. Rather than a premixed solution, the carrier may be supplied separately with mixing instructions and drugs or substances for tailoring the coating with formulas that are individually adjustable and blended by the attending physician.
Although a best mode of practicing the invention by way of certain preferred compositions and methods has been described herein, those skilled in the art will recognize from a consideration of the foregoing description that modifications may be made without departing from the scope of the invention. Accordingly, it is intended that the invention be limited only by the appended claims and applicable principles of law.
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|Jul 30, 2008
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|Endoprosthesis coating
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|Stent with embedded material
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|Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc.
|Resonator with adjustable capacitance for medical device
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|Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc.
|Endoprosthesis having a fiber meshwork disposed thereon
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|Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc.
|Endoprosthesis with three-dimensional disintegration control
|Sep 13, 2007
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|Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc.
|Medical devices and methods of making the same
|Sep 13, 2007
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|Sep 14, 2007
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|Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc.
|Bioerodible endoprostheses and methods of making the same
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|Resonator for medical device
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|Resonator for medical device
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|Drug-releasing stent with ceramic-containing layer
|Apr 5, 2007
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|Stents with ceramic drug reservoir layer and methods of making and using the same
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|Medical device with a porous surface for delivery of a therapeutic agent
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|Bioerodible endoprostheses and methods of making the same
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|Progenitor endothelial cell capturing with a drug eluting implantable medical device
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|Bioabsorbable metal medical device and method of manufacture
|Sep 14, 2007
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|Bioerodible endoprosthesis with biostable inorganic layers
|Feb 26, 2004
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|Medical devices
|Mar 27, 2006
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|Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc.
|Medical devices comprising a porous metal oxide or metal material and a polymer coating for delivering therapeutic agents
|Nov 2, 2007
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|Endoprosthesis coating
|Jul 30, 2008
|Jul 17, 2012
|Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc.
|Medical device coating by laser cladding
|Dec 3, 2009
|Jul 31, 2012
|Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc.
|Medical implants including iridium oxide
|Jun 10, 2008
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|Bioerodible endoprosthesis
|Mar 2, 2010
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|Self-buffering medical implants
|Apr 24, 2009
|Oct 16, 2012
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|May 21, 2010
|Nov 6, 2012
|Remon Medical Technologies Ltd.
|Method and device for electrochemical formation of therapeutic species in vivo
|Sep 10, 2007
|Jan 15, 2013
|Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc.
|Medical devices with drug-eluting coating
|Jan 2, 2009
|Feb 19, 2013
|Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc.
|Medical devices
|Oct 3, 2008
|Feb 26, 2013
|Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc.
|Medical implant having NANO-crystal grains with barrier layers of metal nitrides or fluorides
|Feb 3, 2010
|Apr 2, 2013
|Syntach Ag
|Electrical conduction block implant device
|Feb 27, 2008
|Apr 30, 2013
|Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc.
|Coated medical devices for abluminal drug delivery
|Jun 17, 2009
|May 28, 2013
|Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc.
|Endoprosthesis coating
|Nov 15, 2006
|Jun 11, 2013
|Orbusneich Medical, Inc.
|Progenitor endothelial cell capturing with a drug eluting implantable medical device
|Apr 20, 2004
|Oct 15, 2013
|Core Oncology, Inc.
|Echogenic medical device
|May 25, 2010
|Nov 5, 2013
|Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc.
|Medical devices having nanoporous coatings for controlled therapeutic agent delivery
|Oct 20, 2006
|Nov 12, 2013
|Syntach Ag
|Anti-arrhythmia devices and methods of use
|Sep 20, 2010
|Feb 4, 2014
|Yanping Kong
|Method and compound for treatment of cancer using phosphorous-32 labeled DNA
|Mar 22, 2011
|Mar 11, 2014
|Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc.
|Surface treated bioerodible metal endoprostheses
|Nov 21, 2011
|May 6, 2014
|Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc.
|Bioerodible endoprostheses and methods of making the same
|Jun 15, 2007
|Jul 8, 2014
|Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc.
|Medical devices with selective titanium oxide coatings
|Sep 14, 2007
|Aug 19, 2014
|Boston Scientific Scimed. Inc.
|Bioerodible endoprostheses and methods of making the same
|Jul 27, 2007
|Aug 26, 2014
|Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc.
|Drug eluting medical devices having porous layers
|Jun 28, 2006
|Aug 26, 2014
|Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc.
|Coatings for medical devices comprising a therapeutic agent and a metallic material
|Jan 5, 2006
|Sep 23, 2014
|Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc.
|Bioerodible endoprostheses and methods of making the same
|Oct 6, 2009
|Dec 2, 2014
|Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc.
|Coating for medical device having increased surface area
|Apr 17, 2009
|Dec 30, 2014
|Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc.
|Medical devices having a coating of inorganic material
|Apr 23, 2009
|Jan 13, 2015
|Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc.
|Medical devices having inorganic particle layers
|Jul 17, 2008
|Mar 15, 2016
|Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc.
|Endoprosthesis having a non-fouling surface
|Nov 9, 2012
|Mar 29, 2016
|Elwha Llc
|Embolism deflector
|Mar 22, 2010
|Jun 7, 2016
|Civatech Onocology
|Brachytherapy devices and related methods and computer program products
|Nov 9, 2012
|Aug 16, 2016
|Elwha Llc
|Embolism deflector
|Apr 30, 2004
|Dec 20, 2016
|Orbusneich Medical, Inc.
|Medical device with coating for capturing genetically-altered cells and methods for using same
|May 23, 2002
|Aug 14, 2003
|Pharmacia Corporation
|Compositions of cyclooxygenase-2 selective inhibitors and radiation for inhibition or prevention of cardiovascular disease
|May 8, 2003
|Dec 4, 2003
|Clifford Teoh
|Radioactive compositions and methods of use thereof
|Jun 19, 2002
|Dec 25, 2003
|Schwarz Marlene C.
|Multiphase polymeric drug release region
|Dec 2, 2002
|Jun 3, 2004
|Shaw William J.
|System for administering a combination of therapies to a body lumen
|Jun 5, 2003
|Jul 15, 2004
|Shu-Tung Li
|Coatings of implants
|May 21, 2002
|Sep 9, 2004
|Andreas Mucha
|Medical device
|Apr 8, 2003
|Oct 14, 2004
|Richard Robert E.
|Implantable or insertable medical devices containing radiation-crosslinked polymer for controlled delivery of a therapeutic agent
|Apr 28, 2003
|Oct 28, 2004
|Marx Steven O.
|Medical devices and methods for inhibiting proliferation of smooth muscle cells
|Apr 24, 2003
|Oct 28, 2004
|Jeff Elkins
|Method and system for drug delivery to abdominal aortic or thoracic aortic aneurysms
|Dec 18, 2002
|Jan 13, 2005
|Lars Tenerz
|Apr 20, 2004
|Mar 3, 2005
|Mills Stanley L.
|Echogenic medical device
|Sep 16, 2003
|Mar 17, 2005
|O'brien Barry
|Medical devices
|Dec 13, 2004
|May 12, 2005
|Yung-Ming Chen
|Method of regulating temperature of a composition for coating implantable medical devices
|Apr 5, 2004
|Oct 13, 2005
|David Brown
|Device and method for delivering a treatment to an artery
|Jul 12, 2005
|Feb 2, 2006
|Abovitz Rony A
|Apparatus and method for measuring anatomical objects using coordinated fluoroscopy
|Oct 20, 2006
|Mar 1, 2007
|Schwartz Robert S
|Anti-Arrhythmia Devices and Methods Of Use
|Jul 5, 2007
|Nov 1, 2007
|Richard Robert E
|Implantable or insertable medical devices containing radiation-crosslinked polymer for controlled delivery of a therapeutic agent
|Jun 26, 2007
|Jan 3, 2008
|The Cleveland Clinic Foundation
|Anti-adhesion membrane
|Aug 28, 2007
|Mar 6, 2008
|Civatech Oncology
|Brachytherapy devices and related methods and computer program products
|Jan 2, 2009
|May 7, 2009
|Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc.
|Medical Devices
|Dec 12, 2008
|Aug 20, 2009
|Z-Kat, Inc.
|Apparatus and method for measuring anatomical objects using coordinated fluoroscopy
|Nov 30, 2006
|Dec 10, 2009
|Lawrence Mayer
|Localized delivery of drug combinations
|Mar 22, 2010
|Sep 16, 2010
|Black Robert D
|Brachytherapy Devices and Related Methods and Computer Program Products
|Apr 28, 2011
|Nov 1, 2012
|Mitchell Donn Eggers
|Vascular Filter Stent
|Jul 12, 2002
|Jun 4, 2008
|Radioactive esophagus rack and its making process
|Sep 29, 2004
|Jun 14, 2006
|Alveolus Inc.
|Active stent
|Sep 29, 2004
|Nov 5, 2008
|Alveolus Inc
|Active stent
|May 21, 2002
|Nov 28, 2002
|Qualimed Innovative Medizinprodukte Gmbh
|Medical device
|Jun 19, 2003
|Dec 31, 2003
|Scimed Life Sytems, Inc.
|Method for modulation of drug release from multiphase implantable or insertable medical devices and a process for manufacturing such devices
|Aug 31, 2011
|Jul 5, 2012
|Kong Yanping M D
|Method and compound for treatment of cancer using phosphorous-32 labeled dna
|Aug 26, 2011
|Mar 7, 2013
|Ella-Cs, S.R.O.
|Self-expandable biodegradable stent made of clad radiopaque fibers covered with biodegradable elastic foil and therapeutic agent and method of preparation thereof
|U.S. Classification
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification
|Jan 27, 1999
Owner name: INFLOW DYNAMICS, INC., VIRGINIA
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:ALT, ECKHARD;REEL/FRAME:009745/0596
Effective date: 19981228
|May 28, 2004
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 4
|Oct 31, 2006
Owner name: BOSTON SCIENTIFIC SCIMED, INC., MINNESOTA
Free format text: MERGER;ASSIGNOR:INFLOW DYNAMICS, INC.;REEL/FRAME:018463/0254
Effective date: 20051130
Owner name: BOSTON SCIENTIFIC SCIMED, INC.,MINNESOTA
Free format text: MERGER;ASSIGNOR:INFLOW DYNAMICS, INC.;REEL/FRAME:018463/0254
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Year of fee payment: 12


text:
Apical complex
An organ complex of the Apicomplexa that appears as a conical structures on the tapered end (or the apical end) of the cell, and contains rhoptries, micronemes, polar rings, and conoid.
The apical complex is said to help the apicomplexan when invading an animal cell.
See also: Apicomplexa
Please contribute to this project, if you have more information about this term feel free to edit this page.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
found a new home!
Plenty of my friends are looking
for one too. Find a pet to adopt.
I am already spayed, housetrained, up to date with shots, good with kids, and good with dogs.
Khloe, a Phoenix Boxer/Shar Pei dog was adopted! Here's how you can benefit by looking at adoption as an option to buying a Boxer/Shar Pei for sale in Phoenix, or seeking a Boxer/Shar Pei dog from a breeder in Phoenix.


text:
We reported yesterday that Spanglish actress Paz Vega and her husband Orson Salazar are expecting their second child. The 33-year-old has not yet confirmed the news, but reports state that she's 2 months along.
Paz and Orson were pictured shopping in Madrid during a rainy and cold day. The couple are already parents to 1 1/2-year-old Orson.
Photos: Flynet


text:
Things must be going very well for Mo-Hits front runner Dbanj, as he has been spotted in his brand new Aston Martin Vantage. Jaguda.com was able to get the first seen pictures of Dbanj in this beauty of a car.
Dbanj and the rest of the Mo-Hits Camp are prepping for their annual concert, Koko Concert this december. All roads lead to Koko Koncert 2011.


text:
Interactive Beer Ads Let Viewers Text On-Screen Characters To Get Free Drinks
Grolsch takes analog-digital experiences to the next level by having users communicate with fictional characters.
Amsterdam brewery Grolsch recently launched an interactive campaign that lets users get a free pack of beer by texting police officer Jount, a fictional character in their advertisements. In an online ad Officer Jount, "the most notorious police officer in the Netherlands" sits waiting in a dark and shadowy bar. He slowly turns, looks at you and a voice tells you to text him your name; if he recognizes it, he'll buy you a beer.
He pulls out his business card (which shows on the screen) before turning away. When you send him a text, he turns back and pulls out his mobile, glances down – and low and behold, your name has made it to his phone on screen. He then types to respond and a second later your mobile buzzes with his text, and in that text a personal message with a link to redeem a free four pack of Grolsch beer.
Watch police officer Jount buy someone a beer below:
Or if you live in England, Wales or Northern Ireland, try it for yourself on their website.
The campaign says Officer Jount receives over 2,000 texts a day from users engaging with the site, showing the opportunity space for experiences that succeed in blending the analog and the digital. Campaigns that can merge the two in real-time are the ones that will ultimately take off.


text:
California's Proposition 65 Warning: May This item contains chemicals known to cause cancer, birth defects, or other reproductive harm. Reference by California Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment (OEHHA) at: www.oehha.ca.gov/prop65/prop65_list/Newlist.html.
Please Read Item Label and Packaging for Recent Product Information.
Apply to damp skin in bath or shower and gently massage into moisturizing lather. Rinse clean. For a luxurious bath soak, pour 1/2 ounce under warm running water.
For external use only. Avoid contact with eyes. Keep out of reach of children.
Avalon Organics Nourishing Lavender Hair Conditioner - 11 Oz
Our Price:$6.16
Avalon Organics Nourishing Hair Shampoo, Organic Lavender - 11 Oz
Our Price:$4.20
Alba Botanica Hawaiian Sunscreen Green Tea Spf 45 - 4 Oz
Our Price:$6.36
Sebamed Baby Wash, Extra Soft - 6.8 Oz
Our Price:$9.69
Sebamed Cleansing Bar For Sensitive Skin - 3.5 Oz
Our Price:$3.74
Nivea Cherry Lip Care - 0.17 Oz
Our Price:$2.38


text:
Instead of promoting silo offerings, LogMeIn positions its cloud portfolio this way:
"Cubby joins LogMeIn's popular online meeting and collaboration service join.me, and LogMeIn's namesake remote access product, LogMeIn Free/Pro, as part of the company's access and collaboration cloud services. These simple, secure cloud services offered in both free and premium versions are used by tens of millions of individuals to work from virtually anywhere across a blend of work and personal devices, while helping hundreds of thousands of small and medium businesses boost collaboration across distributed teams and offices."It's a safe bet MSPs will give Cubby a look. Already, 35.9 percent of MSPs leverage one or more LogMeIn tools, according to our sixth-annual MSPmentor 100 survey (complete results coming Feb. 14). Plus, LogMeIn recently hired Intronis veteran Ted Roller to help accelerate an MSP and channel push.
I don't believe LogMeIn has announced a channel effort for Cubby yet. But I suspect company insiders see partner opportunities ahead.
Still, plenty of competition awaits LogMeIn. In addition to established offerings like Box and Dropbox, upstarts like Anchor now promote file syncing services to MSPs.


text:
Home sales lift Hongkong Land profit
Related topics
Rare gains from residential projects offset low rents to help deliver first-half rise
A rare residential development profit helped Hongkong Land Holdings turn in a 24 per cent rise in underlying earnings to US$104 million for the first half of this year.
The group's first residential profit in 20 years saw it make US$14 million from sales of the Central Park 570-unit phase one project in Beijing and eight Stanley Court houses in Hong Kong.
Chief executive Nicholas Sallnow-Smith said the residential development contribution outweighed the 6 per cent fall in property rental income, which totalled US$144.6 million.
The result was also helped by an US$8.3 million decrease in net finance charges to $24.8 million due lower interest rates. An interim dividend of two US cents a share will be paid.
The underlying profit, excluding property revaluations, beat analysts' expectations. Taking into account revaluations, Hongkong Land posted a first-half profit of US$783 million, compared with a $773 million loss for the first half of last year. The value of the group's investment properties increased by $810.1 million to $6.32 billion during the six months, compared with a $951.8 million decrease previously.
Group chairman Simon Keswick said positive global economic prospects meant rents in Hong Kong should continue to firm, lifting values of its investment property portfolio.
'The rental reversion pattern in the office sector, however, is expected to remain negative for some time to come, delaying the impact of the market recovery on earnings,' he said.
Mr Sallnow-Smith said despite a recovery in office rentals since last year, rents were still below those of three years ago and downward pressure was continuing as leases came up for renewal.
He expected office rentals to continue to improve as supply in Central was limited, saying vacancy in the group's Central portfolio fell to 6.2 per cent.
In the first half, Hongkong Land signed up 33 office tenants and leases struck with its buildings represented 46 per cent of all deals done in Central, he said. Its retail property portfolio continued to perform well.
Residential development sales are expected to remain a contributor to the group's profit in coming years.
Mr Sallnow-Smith said the group would book profits from its Ivy on Belcher's in Western in its second half result while it had five more Stanley Court houses to sell.
The profit from Central Park's 370-unit phase two development, which was sold out except for a penthouse, would be included in next year's result, he said.
The group would negotiate with the Lands Department about the land premium payable for a small residential redevelopment in Western and its proposed Lai Sing Court luxury project in Tai Hang was going through the Lands Tribunal.
Mr Sallnow-Smith said Hongkong Land would remain a niche player in residential development.
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text:
"General Motors was our company's first contract."
I opened Genesee Packaging with my husband 33 years ago, and we've been an automotive supplier here in the city of Flint for 33 years.
General Motors was our company's first contract. We made packaging for baby seats that GM shipped all over the country. There's no doubt that the auto companies have been by far our biggest customer. We've depended upon the auto industry to keep our business going – and to keep our hard-working employees on the job.
Sure, it's been hard for a number of years. It's no secret that Michigan was dealing with a recession for much longer than the rest of the country. And for businesses like ours, every cutback or slowdown in the auto industry made it harder and harder to keep our doors open.
But in 2009, when the auto industry was on the verge of complete collapse, and when production was falling and lines were shutting down, there was a chance we would have had to close our doors altogether. But because President Obama stepped in and provided the loans to GM and Chrysler, and the auto industry started coming back, we were able to stay open.
We are very supportive of Flint – and we are doing everything we can to create jobs, so we can invest in our community. We also employ a lot of people in the community who others may not want – especially our veterans.
The President's actions went far beyond the auto industry – and Genesee Packaging now has the security to diversify and expand our business so we can start growing again.
What kind of change have you seen in your community? Share your story.


text:
Kai Ryssdal: Here's today's story inspired by a quote from Shakespeare. "What's in a name," the line goes, "That which we call a rose?" the bard said.
But if you're Apple, the name's apparently worth $153 billion. The consumer research firm Millward Brown's out with its annual report, wherein it lists the top 100 most valuable brands. On top this year is everybody's favorite iPad maker; it edged out Google for the number one spot.
Now, Apple's great and all, but $153 billion for just the brand? We sent Stacey Vanek Smith off to take a look at how much value a brand can really have, and how the heck you measure it.
Stacey Vanek Smith: Apple earned roughly $65 billion last year, but its brand is worth more than twice that, according to Millward Brown's annual calculation. The company's Mario Simon explains.
Mario Simon: So we look at the earnings of the company and then we ask how much of those earnings can be attributed to the brand. And then we use a multiple to actually make that into a brand value of Apple in the long run.
Millward Brown does that by asking buyers how much the brand factored into their buy.
Simon: Versus other drivers of the purchase choice such as price and location, recommendation and so forth and so on.
Which still sounds a little nebulous. I put that to brand consultant Rob Frankel.
Rob Frankel: It's a lot nebulous. This is one of the struggles that business has with determining what their brand and brand strategy should be.
That's because brands have real value. Andrew Zolli is curator of innovation network PopTech. He says a strong brand is what lets a company charge more for what it makes -- and stand out in a sea of competition.
Andrew Zolli: Someone famously said of Coca-Cola that if you burnt down every one of their factories, they'd be back in business in a quarter. If you knocked everybody on earth over the head and gave them amnesia, they'd be out of business in a quarter. And the reason for that is that their brand really exists in all of our minds.
And as the economy becomes more global, companies are having to work harder to stay on our minds. And brands are becoming even more crucial.
In New York, I'm Stacey Vanek Smith for Marketplace.


text:
Lower rear mount welds to 3" dia. axle tube and mounts coil-over and trailing arm. Bracket is " thick steel with " shock hole. 2" long slot for trailing arms.Pit Stop USA offers Allstar Performance Coil-Over, Trailing Arm Brackets w/ 2" Trailing Arm Slot ALL60128 at low everyday prices. Be sure to check out all of our products from Allstar Performance including Allstar Performance Trailing Arm Brackets - Weld-On.
Spec Sheet
- 848238033779
- Allstar Performance
- Available
- Same Day Shipping!
- New
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- 2.1 lbs.
- W8.0000" x H1.4000" x L10.9500"
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- We're the ExpertsWe help you find a way to win!
- Huge SelectionOver 90,000 products from the top brands in motorsports!
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- Email UsGet answers from the pros
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text:
February 27, 2013 15:07 ET
OTTAWA, ONTARIO--(Marketwire - Feb. 27, 2013) - Join the Honourable Tony Clement, President of the Treasury Board, for the Government of Canada's first Google Hangout. Minister Clement will talk to Open Data gurus and tech innovators about the Government of Canada Open Data portal.
This advisory is also available at www.tbs-sct.gc.ca.
Follow us on Twitter: @TBS_Canada.
#ClementHangout #OpenData
Matthew ConwayPress SecretaryOffice of the President of the Treasury email@example.com RelationsTreasury Board of Canada firstname.lastname@example.com
See all RSS Newsfeeds


text:
|QUOTE (snapper @ Feb 7 2014, 01:39 PM)
|This is garry smith ava mo. I'm just getten this computer stuff figured out I'm not sure how to fill out my profile.mabe I can get it figured out. Yukon got me g oing on the pictures this morn. Thanks john he is a fine feller.


text:
'Welcome to Myrtle Manor' star arrested again
Sun, 06 Oct 2013 16:06:04 GMT —
Taylor Burt, a reality star from "Welcome to Myrtle Manor" was arrested on a charge of Disorderly Conduct-Fighting/Force Company on a male on Sunday, according to the Myrtle Beach Police Department website.
Burt was arrested at 1318 Celebrity Circle which is Broadway Louie
s at Broadway at the Beach.
Welcome to Myrtle Manor is a reality TV show that airs on TLC.
Burt was previously arrested back in April. Click here for more information on that arrest.


text:
Mumbai, October 3, 2013: Volkswagen India has announced 'Volksfest 2013,' a 28-day mega-carnival where the company's existing and prospective customers can avail of a range of offers at Volkswagen dealerships across the country.
During Volksfest 2013, which coincides with the upcoming festive season in India, buyers can avail of best deals on car finance, annual maintenance contracts, free benefits including insurance, extended warranty and free roadside assistance for three years. Attractive offers in aftersales services include attractive deals on Volkswagen genuine accessories, body and paint services and branded merchandise.
Potential buyers can also avail an exchange bonus of Rs.10,000 and Rs.20,000 on the purchase of Polo and Vento cars respectively. This offer can be availed through Das WeltAuto, the Volkswagen brand's pre-owned car division.
Volksfest 2013 commences from October 4 and will conclude on October 31.


text:
When my husband and I were in the market for our first home, we were excited to take advantage of some of the first time home buyer programs we had heard so much about. After all, we were in fact first time home buyers and this would be the only time we'd be able to claim this title. We definitely wanted to get in on a mortgage with a low interest rate and/or lower fees so our monthly mortgage payment could be a manageable amount. We both work full time right now, but in a couple years we plan to have children and we've decided that I will be a stay at home mom at that time. So with only one income on the horizon in a couple years and this house being the one we will live in and make mortgage payments on at that time, we were definitely interested in the lowest mortgage payment we could acquire.
Our mortgage loan officer told us about a particular first time home buyer program that was one of the best. Basically all we had to do was go to this class about home buying for a few hours and then we would get a certificate and that would make us eligible for the program. In this program we could get a mortgage with no down payment, no private mortgage insurance, and a low rate of 5.875% (which could have been even lower if we decided to buy it down with points). That sounded wonderful. I did the math and figured out what house we could afford based on what the payment would be that would fit into our one income budget. Then we signed up for the class and started looking at houses.
On a particularly snowy January Saturday (on which we wanted to stay home and play in the snow) we made our way to this first time home buyers class. We learned a little bit about the house buying process (not much more than we already knew due to personal research) and were able to meet some people in the same boat as us. After 5 hours of our Saturday spent sitting in this little room listening to realtors and bankers talk and talk, at the end of the class we learned that we actually made too much money to participate in the program. Funny, I don't remember it being called a "Low Income First Time Home Buyers Class." They apparently left that part out.
Now mind you, we made too much money per year by about $1000. I can't tell you how frustrating that was.
We tried to fight it and find every way around this. There were several factors of our income that made this a little different and we tried to play all those cards. First of all, I didn't get vacation or sick time at my job, meaning a day off was a loss of pay for me, thus decreasing my yearly salary. And I don't get benefits at my current job. Instead I just get paid an extra amount of money per hour, which in theory shouldn't count as income because it would be directed towards medical insurance. In addition, my husband was on active military duty and about half of his pay was tax free (housing and food money). None of these factors made a difference because we were $1000 over the yearly limit.
This left a sour taste in my mouth from programs like this, especially since I felt it was very misleading. I understand that people with lower incomes need some assistance with home buying and I have no problem with that at all. I think they need to be clearer about it up-front though that these programs are for low income earners.
In theory, since we make more than the minimum, we should be able to afford a house without using one of these programs. But that theory doesn't work in our case because our need is for a low mortgage payment when our income is half of what it is now. We were in a catch 22 situation – either buy now and deal with the higher mortgage payment or wait until we were on one income in a few years and have to pay more for a house because market values went up (not to mention the loss of equity we could have gained in those years). Ultimately, we decided to deal with the bigger mortgage payment and buy sooner rather than later. I just wish the process could have been a little easier and clearer with correct marketing on the program's part.
Image courtesy of rmcgervey


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Tucson Chiropractor, Synergy Wellness
Offers Optimal Wellness Solutions
At Synergy Wellness, we believe there are 5 Tenets to Health:
- Nutrition
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Our focus is on your best overall wellness, not on your symptoms. If you're tired of settling for a limited state of health, your Tucson Chiropractor can help. We help you understand what causes the symptoms and find real solutions. Your body has the ability to heal itself. We help remove the barriers. Medicine and surgeries have their place in your healthcare options. But there are other options available.
We invite you to experience how your overall wellness can increase when you fully understand the cause of your symptoms and all of your options from your Chiropractor in Tucson. Experience what happens when your healthcare team cares about you, not just your symptoms.
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Our focus as your Chiropractor in Tucson is on addressing how your body functions as a whole, not just on one symptom or part at a time. Schedule your appointment today. Together we'll get you on the path to wellness.


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Am I able to cut out the raised footing, bottom plate and 2X6's between two posts in order to level out the concrete of the basement floors and install a door for a new bedroom? The 4X6 posts would not be disturbed.
Hi Brandon,
This is a fairly simple job but you are messing with the structure of the home. You would be well advice to ask a Professional Structural Engineer to come and give you a framing detail. He will charge about $500. This may save you a lot of head aches in the future.
Good luck with your project.
You should be able to chip it out or cut it.
You probably are aware this is the footing for a load bearing wall. May want to ensure the structure is sound above with a header if you are removing studs to fit the door.
Search the TrustedPros directory and discover the best contractors in your area.Find your home service pro


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Maybe the best album that Johnny Watson cut during his DJM years – a totally tight, totally soulful set that avoids any fake funk cliches! The record's got some wonderful trippy numbers – cut in that slow g-funky mode that was Johnny's huge legacy to the west coast scene – best of these is the classic "Superman Lover", a great little cut with a very catchy hook, and just the right dose of humor. But you'll also catch the same vibe on "I Want To Ta Ta You Baby", "Ain't That A Bitch", and "I Need It". Johnny's sitting on the cover, surrounded by ladies and a dog – and the back cover says "My apologies to Freddie, my guitar, for forgetting to bring him to the photo session." What a guy! (Original pressing.) © 1996-2017, Dusty Groove, Inc.
We realize that there are many different interpretations of the standard grades used for pre-owned vinyl record albums & CD, so we thought we'd offer you the ones that we are working with, so you have an idea what we mean when we give the grade for a non-new item on our pages.
Below are stated conditions for a used vinyl records at Dusty Groove. Grading for the cover should be assumed to be near (within a "+" or "-") the grading for the vinyl. If there is significant divergence from the condition of the vinyl, or specific flaws, these will be noted in the comments section of the item. However, please be aware that since the emphasis of this site is towards the music listener, our main concern is with the vinyl of any used item we sell. Additionally, please note that all of our records are graded visually; considering the volume of used vinyl we handle, it is impossible for us to listen to each record. If we spot any significant flaws, we make every attempt to listen through them and note how they play.
The following grading conditions apply to the vinyl component of an album or single:
If something is noteworthy, we try to note it in the comments — especially if it is an oddity that is the only wrong thing about the record. This might include, but isn't limited to, warped records, tracks that skip, cover damage or wear as noted above, or strictly cosmetic flaws.


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[3 February 2006]
A few years back, photos of Cage were menacing: He would be grimacing or scowling, sporting a mouth full of gold teeth and, occasionally, a python wrapped around his neck. He had a hulking flabby 240-pound frame, exactly the size and shape that seems required of white underground rappers who lean thuggish. And he did lean thuggish, starting with a heavy regimen of drugs, women, and fantasy violence on his single "Agent Orange," and keeping it up on collaborative efforts (including the aptly titled Smut Peddlers), a spot on Prince Paul's Handsome Boy Modeling School, and a grim, sometimes aggressively misogynistic solo record, Movies for the Blind.
But today Cage—known to the government as Chris Palumbo—is a changed man. He's lost every bit of the extra weight he was carrying, along with an equally heavy drug habit, the gold teeth and, it would seem, his entire former outlook on life. Even on his darkest cuts Cage has always been 20 times as musically gifted as most of the other horror-core rappers he was lumped in with, and with his newest release, Hell's Winter, on Definitive Jux, he's stepped far out of that circumference to find subject matter complex enough to match his talents. The record deals head-on with Cage's firsthand experience of child abuse, the dark consequences of his drug use, and his vitriolic response to the current political scene. Hell's Winter reworks the nightmarish scene-painting Cage is known for to reveal that reality is sometimes the most terrifying place there is.
Cage was fighting off strep throat when I talked to him in Iowa City after a show that was amped despite his ill health. Tour mate and collaborator Camu Tao (the two made a record called Nighthawks together during a three-day creative binge) sat in the tour van with us, occasionally chiming in. Cage himself was often quiet—whether introspective or just tired, it was hard to tell—and rolled a lozenge around his mouth as we talked.
PopMatters:What's different about the new record compared to other stuff you've done?
Cage: You tell me.
PM: Well…
Cage: Well, there's no misogyny on it. It's not a really self-indulgent record, it's not really braggadocio—battle rap and I'm the best and shit like that. It's not about money and cars. So it's different. The first record sort of glorified drugs and insanity, and it just felt like it was crazy for the sake of being crazy.
PM:During the show you were trying to call people out for drug use.
Cage: Everybody has their own bag, you know, and I still use drugs. I just don't get fucked up out of my mind every day to where I can't focus. I don't do any hard drugs anymore—most of the time it's just weed—and I don't really drink. I'm on Vicodin right now, so to say that I don't do drugs would be kind of hypocritical. But I don't live for drugs anymore, I don't support them, and I'm not about to make a million songs about them anymore. Because I kind of feel stupid promoting drugs to 13-year-olds and shit like that. Music is really influential and powerful.
PM: You signed to Def Jux before you started working on this record.
Cage: Yeah, about a year before.
PM: Did being around people who were doing different kinds of music make it easier for you to make this record?
Cage: I knew before I went to Jux that I wanted to do different shit, which is what made me want to go to Jux. I know they're open to doing different shit. With Eastern Conference, I just felt like I had hit a ceiling, and you can only grow so much within a box. So I found a bigger box to move around in.
PM: Have you been seeing different people coming out to these shows than you were used to?
Cage: No, not so much these shows. But out in L.A., New York City, San Francisco, yeah, a different, indie-rock crowd, a different kind of audience. I'm sure people at my label have had meetings, and we've talked about it, getting some mainstream play on some rock stations that we hadn't serviced the record to, which is kind of cool. So my label definitely sees the interest and wants to push it more in that direction. And I'm starting to see it a little more at shows, which is cool, because I think that five or six or seven years ago it wasn't like this. Now it's more like kids just listening to fucking all different types of music.
PM: Do you have a personal connection to indie rock?
Cage: I listen to all types of music. I'm not too into country outside of Johnny Cash, but—well, he's kind of hipster now anyway. But I listen to a lot of rock, damn near every genre from old punk to old classic metal to classic rock to what they call indie rock, which the majority of is on major labels. I think indie rock's like the new "alternative," a new fresh label. But, yeah, I listen to all kinds of music. I relate to it all.
PM: You have Jello Biafra on the record, so obviously you've got some punk rock background. But what about Darryl Palumbo? That was strange to hear. How did you hook up with him?
Cage: He's a really good friend of mine.
PM: As the singer of Glassjaw, he's pretty well known in the indie rock/emo circuit.
Cage: We had a mutual friend, and I heard he was a fan, and I was a Glassjaw fan. That is how a lot of friendships have formed - by being mutual fans of each other's work. I think that's a cool thing about making art.
Camu Tao: That's how we linked up. None of us knew each other, just different people linked through different people, and then eventually everybody who wanted to link up all got linked up, and then we go to work.
Cage: Darryl is a really good friend of mine; he's like one of my best friends at this point, and we have a project together. Shoot Frank is the name of the group, and we gave the song on my new album the same title just to keep it in people's heads. Frank is my stepfather. But that was the concept with this record: more honesty, brutal honesty. The truth hit me like a snakebite, and that's all I can do now. And that dude was a big influence on me in making this record because, you know, he's dying of Crohn's disease, and he's had like four major surgeries, more than a foot of intestine pulled out, and here was this dude who was struggling and trying to stay alive, and I just didn't give two fucks about my life. Seeing how he was struggling to live when I really didn't feel like I had much to live for, and the way he translated his emotion and pain through music was a huge influence on me, and I'm trying to convey that to the listener.
PM: You have a connection to MF Doom that goes way back. Is there anything that could be coming out?
Cage: I met both him and his brother at the same time, but me and Sub Roc just kind of kicked it, and Doom—at that time Zev Love X—he had his hands in a million things, and I'd hang out with him and Curious George and Constipated Monkeys. But I really kicked it with Sub, and we made music that doesn't exist on tape or anywhere unfortunately. I was always cool with Doom then, but we didn't become really cool until after Sub died. That's when we started hanging out. But we've finally kind of lost touch. He started doing something else, I started doing something else.
PM: One of my favorite songs on the album is "Lord Have Mercy". How long did it take you to write that?
Cage: That was the quickest. We were in Montreal, finishing up the records, me and El-P, and there was this beat, and I was trying to figure out something to do. I used The Great Adventures of Slick Rick as a template as I was making the record; I was like, He's got six story songs on here, so I did five. He had a couple of girl songs, little dance-y kind of things. It is probably my favorite rap record of all time, and he was probably the first artist to make me even wonder about PCP.
So that song just came to me. I had this image of a little kid, and it just played with "Too Heavy for Cherubs," another song on the album, and the snake theme. There's this religious continuum going on. Songs like that are easy because you just get the idea in your head and they just unfold so quickly while you write. I probably wrote that song in an hour and a half.
PM: But it sounds so complex on the record. It sounds like so many different parts are interacting with each other.
Camu Tao: The shit that comes out like that is always the shit that just kind of spills out, because you aren't forcing it. It's natural. And then you wake up the next morning, you read it and you're like, Man, I was bugging. You would never write like that when you're trying to force yourself to.
Cage: I've watched friends in bands just play, and they jam. They might do an hour of horseshit, and bang, some magical song just pops out. And that happened, and it happened to be the last song I wrote for the record, and I just pulled it out of my ass.
PM:People are outside shouting patriotic slogans into the window of the van here. Is politics something that's always been important to you?
Cage: I had a really novice understanding of politics when I was in my "fuck the government" mode. And I'm still kind of like that, but it's obviously a lot more complicated than "fuck the government." But I hate people that preach about politics and half the time don't even know what they're talking about. It's like, "Listen to me, I'm dropping jewels on you about politics." And it's just fucking lame. I have an opinion, and I didn't want it to come across preachy. I just wanted any kid listening to relate to it. It's just gripes. We live in New York City under the constant stress of orange alert, and we'll never not be on orange alert. We'll never see green. Or yellow, for that matter. They recently had the entire Empire State Building bright red; we were talking about it on the way down.
PM:You had kind of a rough upbringing. Do you feel like music is a way for you to work through that? Does it make you feel better?
Cage: Yeah, I can take the monkey off my back and put it on a hundred other kids.
Camu Tao: If you can't afford a psychiatrist, become one yourself. Fuck it.
Cage: My mother was a psych nurse for 15 years, my ex-girlfriend of seven years was a psych major. And I was a mental patient. So I grew up around that shit. I know all the little 101 bullshit and all the Freudian nonsense. Some of it I think is pretty accurate, other shit I think is kind of stupid. But music is the one thing that, since I was a child, has been really the only escape, pre-drug use. It was the only thing that could take me away from whatever was going on. And then I got into drugs and implemented the drugs into the music. After a while I just felt really stagnant, just kind of chasing my tail, and I realized I had an ability to make music quickly and write pretty fast. And I just made a lot of mindless, empty music with a few things to say here and there. Movies for the Blind was just kind of an angsty, bullshit record. A few songs on there I liked, and I had a few things to say that were fragmented in there within a lot of randomness. But yeah, been there, done that, and hence this record. Eventually I can say that about this record, too, and move on to something else.
PM: You've talked about actually being offended by some of your own old material.
Cage: I don' t know if I was necessarily offended, that's probably just sensationalizing. But everything changed. When I said I was offended by old stuff, it was just that I don't really understand why I said what I said on Movies for the Blind.
It kind of makes me feel like, Why didn't I do this fucking years ago, you know? It's interesting. You make misogynistic records, and girls wouldn't spit on you. You drop that from making the records, and now girls want to hug and kiss, you know. Fans used to come up to me with bags of dust and bags of weed; now they come up to me with bags of problems. It can become a bit draining, but you know, a couple minutes of my life isn't a lot.
PM: But you know, you're speaking for people, you're saying things people don't know how to say.
Cage: That's the reason I do it. I lived it, so I put it out there. I'll exploit it. I don't give a fuck. I got nothing going through it, so I might as well get something from reflecting back on it.
Published at: http://www.popmatters.com/pm/feature/cage-060203/


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NewswireToday - /newswire/ -
London, United Kingdom, 2008/03/16 - ReportBuyer.com, the online destination for business intelligence for major industry sectors, has added a new report which says despite rising costs of raw material and packaging, 2007 was a prosperous year for Chinas juice and beverage industry.
The report, "China Fruit Juice & Beverage-Market Review & Outlook Proposal 2007/2008 finds that three different types of companies shared the market; popular domestic brands, Huiyuan and Wahaha, which are the leading brands, Taiwan enterprises such as Uni-President Group and Dingxin Group, and finally multinational companies such as Coca-Cola and Pepsi.
The report draws on information from a variety of sources including National Statistics Bureau, China Customs, Ministry of Commerce, National Development Research Center, State Information Center, Ministry of Agriculture, China Beverage Industry Association, China Food Industry Association, National Commercial Information Center and China IRN.
Authors of the report say that the domestic market in China is also becoming populated by several brands which are gaining in popularity- like Wahaha, Huiyuan, Nongfu Juices, President Orange juice, Minute Maid Orange juice and Qoo.
Analysts have pointed out that due to the rising cost of raw material, transportation and packaging, both producers and dealers have been seeing shrinking profit margins. In addition, current juices and beverage have been experiencing a diminishing market share.
The study provides forecasts on the Chinese fruit juice and beverage industry for 2008, based on an analysis of the market in 2007 and taking into account the policy environment, market demand, material supply and production and sales in key regions. It answers important questions such as what the supply capability in the up-stream supply chain in 2008 will be.
The report discusses the prospective costs and returns in the processing and marketing process of fruit juices and beverages in 2008. It also outlines the development strategies adopted by market leaders in the industry.
"China Fruit Juice & Beverage-Market Review & Outlook Proposal 2007/2008" is available from Report Buyer. For more information see website
Report Buyer product ID: BOA00013
About Report Buyer
Report Buyer is a UK-based independent online store supplying business information. The website now carries over 44,000 business information products, including market reports, studies, books and events. Subscribers receive a free monthly newsletter and email alerts on new titles in their areas of interest. A regularly updated blog provides information on the latest market trends.
Written by / Agency / Source: Report Buyer Ltd
Availability: All Regions (Including Int'l)
Traffic Booster: [/] Quick Newswire Today Visibility Checker
Distribution / Indexing: [+]


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Section highlights
Old Mutual International:A winning team
Working for Old Mutual International
Your goal – saving for retirement
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Executive Bonds: Provides the freedom to build your wealth
Managed Capital Account: Freedom to adapt
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Our Managed Solutions fund range enables you to diversify your investments
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Dana Milbank writes that even before the speech, the focus was not on jobs but on House Speaker John Boehner's golf swing.
The speech, though, was directed at the GOP, with its main message a repetition of three words: "Pass this bill." The blog BuzzFeed compiled a montage of Obama's speech in 35 seconds, showing Obama's emphasis on the phrase:
If you'd like a slightly more detailed account of Obama's speech, The Post's Zach Goldfarb breaks down what the president asked for, including $447 billion in tax cuts and government spending to boost the economy.
For extra political points, here's BuzzFeed's shortened version of Wednesday night's GOP debate:


text: and POST your thoughts on some late round sleepers you've seen or heard about from small schools. Know about anymore Jerome Mathis, Nate Newton's of the world? (The Lineman not the drug dealer.) Share it with us please so we can STOP arguing over the names I won 't even mention.


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Sugarless Heart Cookies Recipe
2 3 4
VERIFIED BY Taste of Home Test Kitchen
- 3/4 cup butter, softened
- 1 package (.3 ounce) sugar-free raspberry gelatin
- 1/4 cup egg substitute
- 1 teaspoon vanilla extract
- 1-3/4 cups all-purpose flour
- 1/2 teaspoon baking powder
- In a small bowl, cream butter and gelatin until light and fluffy. Beat in egg substitute and vanilla. In another bowl, whisk flour and baking powder; gradually beat into creamed mixture. Shape dough into a disk; wrap in plastic wrap. Refrigerate 1 hour or until firm enough to roll.
- Preheat oven to 400°. On a lightly floured surface, roll dough to 1/4-in. thickness. Cut with a floured 1-3/4-in. heart-shaped cookie cutter. Place 1 in. apart on ungreased baking sheets. Bake 6-8 minutes or until set and bottoms are light brown. Remove from pans to wire racks to cool. Yield: about 3 dozen.
Originally published as Sugarless Heart Cookies in Taste of Home February/March 1996, p44
Reviews forSugarless Heart Cookies
My Review
Click stars to rate
Any changes to your rating or review will appear where you originally posted your review
Average Rating
Reviewed Oct. 4, 2012
"Almost tasteless even with a 4-serving pack of non-diet Jello. Not worth the effort."
Reviewed Feb. 11, 2010
"I'm a really good baker...and I followed these directions exactly and while they were cute cookies...they tasted horrible. Tastes like I'm just eating flour. Should this possibly be one 6 0z pkg of jello??? It has zero taste!"
Reviewed Feb. 12, 2009
"These are really yummy and easy!!!! Will def. make them again."


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Damian Batt has been linked with a move to Major League Soccer side Vancouver Whitecaps.
The right back was among a group of 12 players released by Oxford United in May and remains a free agent.
But, according to reports in North America, the 28-year-old is on trial with the Canadian club, whose squad includes Scotland striker Kenny Miller.
Batt tweeted on Saturday he was flying to Vancouver, before posting a photograph of the Whitecaps' BC Place stadium, saying "Looks like this is going to be my new home for football #MLS.


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Sheriff's Reports
Staff Report - Jun 07, 2007
Suspects are innocent until proven guilty
Travis R. Milner, 25, 4541 Diamond Ave., Mobile, Ala., was arrested June 1 and charged with D.W.I., driving in roadway laned for traffic and open container violation.
Jose Pineda-Ayala, 19, 12046 Old Hammond Hwy. Apt. D, Baton Rouge, was arrested June 2 and charged with D.W.I., hit and run, careless operation, no seat belt, no drivers license, and an open container violation.
Bruce Simmons, 39, 166 J.B. Martin Rd., Des Allemands was arrested May 31 and charged with D.W.I., reckless operation, resisting arrest, simple criminal damage to property, expired drivers license, and no evidence of compulsory motor vehicle liability.Arrests
Harlon R. Harris, 40, 95 Moss Dr., LaPlace, was arrested May 30 and charged with extortion, forgery and illegal possession of stolen things. Harris was arrested after forging a check and attempting to cash it. Harris also threatened bodily harm to a victim over a drug debt.
Jason C. Dufrene, 20, 127 Bayou Estates Dr., Des Allemands, was arrested June 1 and charged with possession of crack cocaine.
Malcolm J. Williams, 19, 811 SO Seale Rd., Phenix City, Ala, was arrested May 28 and charged with possession with intent to distribute cocaine.
Willie J. Sumlin, 25, 333 Alexander St., Boutte, was arrested May 27 and charged with theft of a motor vehicle, aggravated flight from officer, battery on a police officer, and resisting arrest.
Danelle K. McGovern, 21, 120 Ormond Meadows, Destrehan, was arrested May 25 and charged with possession of crack cocaine and drug paraphernalia.
Vern T. Blanks, 23, 628 Mockingbird Lane., St. Rose, was arrested May 28 and charged with possession of stolen things, possession of drug paraphernalia, expired MVI, switched license plate and improper display of license plate.Incidents
Assorted jewelry of an undetermined value was stolen June 3 from 700 Mockingbird Lane., St. Rose.
A 1989 GMC Suburban valued at $4,000 was stolen June 2 from 502 E. Club Dr., St. Rose.
A 1997 Toyota Camry valued at $2,500 was stolen June 1 from 267 Badeaux Lane., Des Allemands.
An outboard motor valued at $500 was stolen June 1 from 107 Beaupre, Luling.
A CD player valued at $100 was stolen June 1 from 13292 LA 48, Destrehan.
A metal safe containing an undetermined amount of U.S. currency was stolen June 1 from 15661 LA 18, Hahnville.
A bike valued at $500 was stolen May 30 from 300 St. John St., Luling.
A weed trimmer valued at $270 was stolen May 30 from 813 Fonda St., Paradis.
Assorted tools valued at $260 were stolen May 29 from 163 Riverbend Dr., St. Rose.
Five generators and ten nail guns valued at $6,500 were stolen May 25 from 163 Riverbend Dr., St. Rose.
A boxer puppy valued at $500 was stolen May 25 from 502 Steve St., St. Rose.
Two 4-wheelers, a set of paddle tires and two gas cans valued at $4,930 were stolen may 25 from 305 Lakewood Dr., Luling.
A Camcorder, a VCR/DVD, assorted medication and $100 in U.S. currency was stolen May 25 from 305 Plantation Rd., St. Rose.
A 1997 Plymouth Voyager valued at $3,000 was stolen may 26 from 107 Hollywood Park, Montz.
A 42 television valued at $150 was stolen May 28 from 122 First St. Boutte.
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There is a minefield control tower at Gallanach overlooking the Sound of Kerrera; it lies on the hillside on the south side of a caravan park.
This is an unusual building with only one other example still extant at Burnham on Crouch in Essex.
The building is a circular concrete structure with three stories. The bottom floor has two level loopholes and internally resembles a pillbox with two small rooms in the centre. There is a ladder up to the next floor which also has loopholes. There is a roof dome above with observation slits which is reached by a second ladder up to a steel landing, most of which has fallen away.
Thanks for looking...