text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|Aug 12, 1997
|Filing date
|Mar 7, 1995
|Priority date
|Jun 3, 1994
|Fee status
|Also published as
|Publication number
|John R. Soltysiak
|Original Assignee
|Moore Business Forms, Inc.
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (10), Referenced by (15), Classifications (16), Legal Events (7)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
This application is a continuation-in-part of application Ser. No. 08/253,787 filed Jun. 3, 1994, now U.S. Pat. No. 5,518,762.
Linerless labels are becoming increasingly more popular due to the inherent advantages associated therewith, as a result of not requiring a separate release sheet. Typical linerless labels are disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,292,713 and 4,978,415, and U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,354,588 and 5,417,783 and co-pending application Ser. Nos. 07/907,511 filed Jul. 1, 1992 and 08/078,918 filed Jun. 2, 1993, the disclosures of which are hereby incorporated by reference herein.
There are several major types of linerless labels that are common; repositional adhesive labels, removable adhesive labels and permanent adhesive labels. Different types of equipment are necessary in order to make these different types of linerless labels because of the widely divergent characteristics, drying methods, and the like of the adhesives and release coats that are used in the manufacture thereof. Since it is highly desirable to print or otherwise image the labels during manufacture thereof, equipment costs can be high to construct and maintain different equipment lines. Therefore if the demand for the different types of labels varies significantly, as often occurs in practice, some equipment may be left idle while other equipment is stressed to capacity.
According to the present invention a method and apparatus are provided which allow the alternative construction of either permanent adhesive or repositional adhesive labels utilizing the same equipment. According to the invention the changeover time from the manufacture of one type of labels to the other is short, and many of the components can be used for both types of labels despite their significant differences. This allows a minimum expenditure of capital and maximum flexibility in accommodating market needs.
According to one aspect of the present invention, apparatus is provided for alternatively manufacturing permanent adhesive or repositional adhesive linerless labels. The apparatus includes a plurality of components spaced from each other in a first direction which comprises the direction of travel of a web acted upon by the apparatus to produce the linerless labels. The components comprise the following: An indicia applying station. A first coating station for applying the tie coat in the construction of repositional adhesive labels. A second coating station for optionally applying a barrier coat in the construction of permanent adhesive labels, or repositional adhesive in the construction of repositional adhesive labels. A third coating station for applying a release coat in the construction of repositional adhesive labels. A dryer capable of drying both sides (faces) of a web at the same time, located downstream of the second coating station. A fourth coating station for applying a release coat in the construction of permanent adhesive labels. A release coat curing station for curing a release coat in the construction of permanent adhesive labels. And, a permanent adhesive application station.
The permanent adhesive application station includes a heated slot die head for applying hot melt adhesive. The die head has a length aligned with the web width, and provides a heat uniformity of Ý five degrees F across the length, and an adhesive coat thickness of about Ý 0.0001 inch across the length. Typically the coating thickness is about 0.0005-0.001 inches.
The heated slot die head has a main portion with die lips, having a length of about 16 inches and includes nine substantially uniformly spaced cartridge heaters along the length in a substantially straight line configuration having first and second ends. At least first and second temperature sensors are provided, one located between the second and third cartridges from each of the first and second ends of the straight line configuration. The head also includes a valve block and further comprises at least one cartridge heater and at least one temperature sensor disposed in the valve block. Control of the valve block cartridge heater(s) is independent of control of the cartridge heaters in the main portion.
Preferably the die lips are flat (having been ground that way) and form a slot between them through which the adhesive flows, e.g. to a thickness of about 0.0005-0.001 inches when provided as a coat on the web. The lips typically have a quadrate (e.g. rectangular) shape in cross section and each has a thickness of about 0.06 inches, and the slot between them has a thickness (corresponding to the spacing between the lips) of about 0.012 inches. Heat insulation is also provided to maintain heat and the uniformity of the heat across the die head, and also preferably the valve block.
The indicia applying section may comprise a variable intelligent imaging system such as ion deposition (e.g. MIDAXÛ, Indigo, Xeikon), ink jet, or like imaging equipment, and at least one print station such as that typically provided on an in-line web printing press, such as a Webtron press, available from Webtron of Fort Lauderdale, Fla. If four color printing of both sides of the linerless labels is desired, eight print stations will be provided.
The components may be in the sequence recited above (with the imaging system being the most upstream component and the permanent adhesive station the most downstream component in the first direction), or the sequence can be changed, as long as there is appropriate drying or curing of the various coats once applied.
A web unwind assembly is typically provided upstream of the variable intelligent imaging system in the first direction, and a web rewind assembly downstream of the permanent adhesive application station. A perf station for applying perfs in a second direction generally perpendicular to the first direction is also preferably provided typically before the second coating station. A video inspection station may be provided immediately adjacent and downstream of the perf station. A sheeter and longitudinal perf station may be disposed between the permanent adhesive station and the rewind assembly, and a metered infeed assembly may be provided between the unwind assembly and the imaging system.
The fourth coating station may comprise a UV silicone release coat application station. The release coat curing station may comprise a UV curing station including nitrogen inerted UV curing and an oxygen analyzer with a nitrogen flow control system. A turning mechanism may be associated with the variable intelligent imaging system and first coating station to allow two-sided imaging of a web used to produce the labels in a convenient manner, and bypass means (such as the diverter roll or rollers) may be provided for bypassing an individual component when not in use.
The invention also relates to a method of alternatively manufacturing either permanent adhesive linerless labels or repositional adhesive linerless labels utilizing common equipment. The method comprises the steps of automatically: (a) Continuously feeding a web of label substrate material having first and second faces so that it moves in a first direction. And while practicing step (a): (b) Imaging indicia on one or both of the faces of the web. Alternatively practicing step (c) or step (d) as follows: (c) If repositional adhesive linerless labels are being manufactured, applying and drying a tie coat to the first face of the web, applying a repositional adhesive to the first face of the web, applying a release coat to the second face of the web, and drying the release coat and repositional adhesive at the same time. (d) If permanent adhesive linerless labels are being manufactured, applying a barrier coat to the first face of the web, drying the barrier coat, and then applying a release coating over the barrier coat and curing the release coat, and applying a permanent adhesive to the second face. (e) Applying perfs to the web in a second direction substantially transverse to the first direction to define labels in the web. (f) Taking up the web after the practice of steps (b), (c) or (d), and (e); and (g) occasionally (e.g. periodically, intermittently, or typically simply when desired) changing over from step (c) to step (d), and vice versa. Step (b) is typically practiced using a flexo unit having at least one print cylinder. In that case there is the further step of immediately detaching the at least one print cylinder from the web when the common equipment is turned off. That is when a "stop" button on a control panel is pressed the print cylinders are immediately removed from ("thrown off") the web rather than waiting for the web to come to a natural stop. This reduces plate cleaning, web breaks, and waste, and improves print quality.
During the practice of step (c) a tie coat may be applied to the web first face prior to the repositional adhesive being applied to the first face. The barrier coat or the repositional adhesive may be applied by the same coater depending upon whether step (c) or step (d) is practiced. During the practice of step (c) the repositional adhesive and release coat are dried simultaneously by a two sided hot air dryer. Step (d) may be practiced by applying a UV silicone release coat, and UV curing release coat prior to the application of the permanent adhesive, which may be hot melt, water based or the like adhesives. Video inspection of the perfs formed after the practiced of step (e) may also be effected. The application of permanent adhesive and the barrier coat may be pattern coated or applied in a continuous format, depending on the particular application.
The invention also relates to a method of automatically manufacturing a web of permanent adhesive linerless labels from a web of substrate material having first and second faces. This method comprises the steps of: Imaging indicia on at least one face of the substrate. Optionally, perfing the substrate web to define labels. Alternatively, the labels may be severed from the web by a cutter and then fed to a sheeter to collect the cut labels in a stack. Applying a barrier coat to the first face of the substrate. Hot air drying the barrier coat. Applying a UV silicone release coat to the first face of the substrate. UV curing the UV silicon release coat. Applying a permanent adhesive to the second face of the substrate. And, taking up the web of linerless labels produced. The permanent adhesive applying step is preferably practiced by applying a hot melt permanent adhesive with a temperature uniformly of Ý five degrees F across the width of the web, and with an adhesive coat thickness uniformity of Ý about 0.0001 inches across the width of the web.
Permanent adhesive application is typically practiced using a heated slot die head as described above, and to apply an adhesive coating thickness of about 0.001 inches. The steps as recited above are preferably practiced sequentially. The repositionable adhesive and the tie coat may be pattern coated or applied in a continuous format, depending on the particular application.
The invention also contemplates a method of automatically manufacturing a web of repositional adhesive linerless labels from a web of substrate material having first and second faces. The method comprises the steps of: Imaging indicia on at least one face of the substrate. Optionally, perfing the substrate web to define labels. Applying a tie coat to the first face of the web and drying the tie coat. Applying a repositional adhesive to the first face of the substrate and a release coat to the second face. Simultaneously hot air drying the adhesive and release coats. And, taking up the web of repositional adhesive linerless labels produced. The repositional adhesive applying step is typically practiced using a flexographic unit having a print cylinder, and upon stopping of the practice of the imaging and repositional adhesive applying steps the print cylinder is provided in contact with the web a period of time (e.g. several seconds) only sufficient to wipe excessive adhesive off the print cylinder, and then the print cylinder is moved out of contact with the web. This prevents the excess adhesive from hardening on the unit, requiring the operator to chip it off. The steps recited above may be practiced sequentially.
It is the primary object of the present invention to provide a simple yet effective apparatus and method for the alternative manufacture of repositional adhesive linerless labels or permanent adhesive linerless labels. This and other objects of the invention will become clear from an inspection of the detailed description of the invention, and from the appended claims.
FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of the method steps that may be practiced according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a side elevational view showing exemplary apparatus according to the present invention, for practice of the method of FIG. 1;
FIGS. 3 and 4 are schematic side views (greatly enlarged for clarity of illustration) of an exemplary repositional adhesive linerless label and an exemplary permanent adhesive linerless label, respectively, produced according to the present invention; and
FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view of a particular permanent adhesive die head that may be utilized according to the invention.
FIG. 1 schematically illustrates a process 10 which may be utilized to produce either repositional adhesive linerless labels (FIG. 3) or permanent adhesive linerless labels (FIG. 4). The steps that are used to produce both types of labels are shown in line, while those specific to the repositional adhesive label manufacture are shown above and those specific to the permanent adhesive label manufacture are shown below.
The web is typically unwound at box 11. A wide variety of webs may be utilized for the manufacture of the labels, and conventional web substrates include bond paper, coated papers, and films such as vinyl, polypropylene and polyethylene films. The web may be meter in-fed--as indicated by box 12--to an intelligent imaging stage, indicated at 13 in FIG. 1. Associated with the intelligent imaging stage 13 may an inverting stage indicated at 14. Where repositional adhesive labels are to be produced, a tie coat application stage 15 is provided, whereas for both types of labels one or a plurality of print stages--indicated schematically at 16 in FIG. 1--are provided.
Desirably perfing is done early in the web processing, as indicated at stage 17 in FIG. 1, horizontal perfs being optionally applied to define the different labels in the direction of web movement (the first direction), which is indicated schematically by the direction of arrows in FIG. 1. A video inspection station 18 may be provided after the perf station 17. After video inspection, the same equipment can be utilized to practice the repositional adhesive coat stage 19, or a barrier coat stage 21, for the repositional or permanent adhesive labels, respectively. A release coat station 20 for the manufacture of repositional adhesive labels is also desirably provided here in the sequence too.
After stages 19 through 21, drying is necessary, therefore the web passes to the drying stage 22. The drying stage 22 is capable of drying both faces or sides at the same time although if a barrier coat is applied to only one of the faces in the manufacture of permanent adhesive linings one of the heat sources associated with the dryer 22 can be turned off. Typically the heated web is cooled by being driven by the chill rolls of the chill roll take-up station 23. Normally downstream of the station 23 stages specific to the manufacture of permanent adhesive linerless labels are provided, i.e. the release coat stage 24, release coat curing stage 25, and permanent adhesive application stage 26.
After construction of the labels, in web form, they are often sheeted or longitudinally (in the first direction, the direction of web movement) perfed as indicated at stage 27, and then rewound as indicated at stage 28.
While a wide variety of materials may be used in each of the application stations set forth above, some materials have been found to be particularly useful. For example in the practice of step 21 barrier coatings available from Franklin International Corporation and sold under the trade name Duracet 122 may be applied, e.g. at a dry coat weight of about 3.76 grams per square meter Ý 10%.
In the practice of step 24 a UV silicone coating is particularly useful since it not only provides the release coat for permanent adhesive moved against it, but also acts as a protective and visually pleasing coating over the product. Two different types of UV silicone products may be used. One is General Electric Silicone UV 9300 with photo initiator UV 9310C (2.5%). Another is Goldschmidt Silicone, such as a mix of Goldschmidt RC726 (65%) with RC711 (35%), with photo initiator 1173 (2%) added. Both UV silicones are typically provided at a dry coat weight of about 1.5 grams per square meter Ý 10%. Other overcoatings, such as varnishes or the like, may be used to provide additional protective layers over the printing.
At the permanent adhesive application stage 26 hot melt permanent adhesive may be applied, such as Duratek 34-4144 available from National Starch. Application temperatures typically about 300¯-350¯ F., and the dry coat weight is typically about 12.7-25.4 grams per square meter Ý 10%. The hot melt adhesive cools and cures instantly, therefore no separate drying or curing stage is necessary.
In the practice of step 15 as described above, a desirable tie coat solution is 2.56 parts Cabosperse (20% solids) and one part polyvinyl alcohol (5% solids), applied with a dry coat weight of about 1.13 grams per square meter Ý 10%.
The repositional adhesive added at station 19 may be any suitable commercially available repositional adhesive. One particularly desirable adhesive is CLEANTACÛ adhesive available from Moore Business Form, Inc. of Lake Forest, Ill. This may typically be applied at a dry coat weight of about 9.4 grams per square meter Ý 10%.
The release coat applied at station 20 preferably is an aqueous release coat, such as a solution of 20% Quillon C and 80% water. It may be applied with a dry coat weight of about 0.15 grams per square meter Ý 10%. In this instance, Quillon or other similar release coatings provide protection for the indicia. Overprint varnishes or the like may also be provided.
In order to practice the method schematically illustrated in FIG. 1, equipment such as illustrated in FIG. 2 may be utilized. The equipment is shown in FIG. 2 in a particularly advantageous sequence in the direction of web travel (from left to right in FIG. 2), however some of the stations may be moved around. For example the imaging and print stations described and illustrated may come after application of release or adhesive coats as long as the stations are capable of applying indicia to coated substrate.
One advantage of the equipment illustrated in FIG. 2 is that it is all commercially available. The basic equipment to which all the components are applied may be a lithographic press such as a Topman Moore TMSW2OV, available from Topman Moore Co., Ltd. of Japan, a flexographic press such as a Webiron 1618 press, or the like. In a typical sequence for the manufacture of permanent linerless labels the equipment may print, apply a barrier coat, dry, UV silicone coat, UV cure, apply hot melt adhesive, and rewind. In a typical repositional endless label process the equipment may apply and dry a tie coat, print, apply repositional adhesive, apply a release coat, dry both the adhesive and the release coat, and rewind. The equipment is capable of running at a normal operating speed of between 100 and 1500 feet per minute but preferably 500 feet per minute.
The first piece of equipment in the sequence illustrated in FIG. 2 comprises a web unwind apparatus 30, which is optionally followed by an edge guide 31 and a metered web infeed 32 apparatus. Then is provided intelligent imaging such as utilizing the intelligent imaging printheads 33, 35 which have a set of turn bars 34 disposed between them. The components 33 through 35 collectively form an intelligent imaging system 36, which may be of any suitable conventional type such as one employing ion deposition techniques 9 (e.g. MIDAXÛ printing technology, or Indigo or Xeikon technology), ink jet, laser or impact printer. Typically downstream of the intelligent imaging system 36 are a plurality of print stations indicated collectively at 37. Standard flexography or lithography can be used. Six stations 37 are illustrated in FIG. 2 but any number can be provided from one through eight. In the manufacture of repositional adhesive linerless labels typically the first print station 38 applies a tie coat, while the other stations print. In the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 2, then, in the manufacture of permanent linerless labels six color print stations are available while for repositional adhesive linerless labels five are available. Turn bars 39 may be provided as illustrated. The turn bars 34, 39 allow printing on both sides with ease.
As indicated schematically at 77 in FIG. 2, a control may be provided to stop the printing immediately upon actuation of a stop button. This may be referred to as an "impression throw off". Previous flexographic units leave the print cylinder in contact with the inking cylinder so that image is still being applied to the web even though the system is supposed to be stopped (the web continues to move). This lag time in slowing down the web leads to waste. In addition, leaving the print cylinder in contact with the inking means can cause the ink to dry on the print cylinder if the apparatus is shut down for several minutes (which it usually is) to change webs, reload the applicators or the like. If ink is allowed to dry and harden on the cylinder then inferior ink transfer might occur leading to reduced imaging. By immediately throwing off the print unit impressions upon actuation of the stop button, using control 77 [rather than waiting for the web to stop], plate cleansing is reduced as are web breaks and waste, and print quality is improved.
A main drive unit for a Webtron press is illustrated schematically at 40 in FIG. 2, followed by perf station 41, which may comprise two different single die perf units 42, 43. Video inspection is provided downstream of the perf station 41, as by video cameras 44, 45 having monitors 46, 47.
After video inspection a coater 49 is provided for alternatively applying the barrier coat when manufacturing permanent adhesive labels, or repositional adhesive when manufacturing repositional adhesive labels. The coater 49 is easily cleaned during changeover from one type of label to the other. Downstream of the coater 49 is another coater 50. The coater 50--which typically applies Quillon C release coat, in the manufacture of repositional adhesive labels--may comprise a 16.5 inch wide Dahlgren type coater.
When the coater 49 is used for applying repositional adhesive (e.g. aqueous adhesive), a control 78 may be provided therefor. Particularly where the coater 49 uses a flexo unit, control 78 controls it so that the "print cylinder" thereof is moved into contact with (or remains in contact with, or is otherwise provided in contact with) the paper web for a few seconds immediately after the press impression is turned off (and supply of adhesive is stopped). This serves to wipe the "print cylinder" of unit 49 to remove excess adhesive before the cylinder is moved to an "impression off" position. Wiping action occurs because the web continues to move a short period of time after the equipment has been turned off. If the control 78 is not utilized, the adhesive will dry in a few minutes of downtime, and has to be scraped off by the operator. After the passage of sufficient time to wipe off excess adhesive the control 78 effects movement of the "print cylinder" of coater 49 out of contact with the web.
After the application of the repositional adhesive on the same face to which the tie coat was applied, and the application of the release coat at 50 to the opposite face, in the manufacture of repositional adhesive labels, the labels pass to the dryer 51. In order to be able to dry both the release coat and the repositional adhesive easily and quickly at the same time, the dryer 51 preferably comprises an air flotation, two-sided dryer with two natural gas fired burners. Each burner can provide about 880,000 BTU/hr. The web temperature leaving the dryer is typically 230¯ F., and cooling is typically provided by acting on the web with the pull/chill rolls 52. Typically a pair of driven chill/pull rolls 52 are provided which are supplied with cooling water by a two ton chiller to cool the web down to about 150¯ F.
When permanent adhesive linerless labels are constructed and the coater 49 is used to apply the barrier coat, only one face of the web is "wet", therefore the dryer 51 preferably is provided with zone controls for each of the two faces so that drying action to one of the faces can be turned off when permanent adhesive labels are being constructed.
Downstream of the pull/chill rolls 52 is the coater 53 for applying the release coat (typically UV silicone) in the manufacture of permanent adhesive labels. The cure system 55 preferably is a Fusion UV curing system having 600 watts per inch power. Standard "H" bulbs are used for curing and a light shield provides nitrogen inerting. An oxygen analyzer 54 may be associated therewith to monitor oxygen levels and control nitrogen flow to the UV light shield. The UV cure system is illustrated schematically at 55. Nitrogen inerting is necessary for curing Goldschmidt UV silicone (which must occur at oxygen levels below 50 ppm) and in such case nitrogen flow is approximately 47 scfm, at 70¯ F. and 14.7 psi. A liquid nitrogen supply tank may be provided to supply the required flow and purity of nitrogen. Nitrogen inerting is not yet necessary for some UV curing systems, such as for GE 9300 silicone.
A control 79 may also be provided for the unit 55. The control 79 is connected to a conventional oxygen sensor which detects the present level of oxygen in the area of cure and then pumps in additional nitrogen to displace the oxygen if the level of oxygen approaches 50 ppm. While there is a level of curing of the silicone above the 50 ppm level, the percentage of cure decreases proportionally to the level of oxygen present. However, to have 100% curing of the silicone, the level of oxygen must remain below 50 ppm. The oxygen sensor is placed inside an existing light shield of the UV nitrogen insert system.
In the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 2, turn bars 56 are provided between the UV cure equipment 55 and the permanent adhesive application equipment 57. The equipment 57 preferably is for applying hot melt adhesive utilizing a hot melt slot die head. The hot melt adhesive is applied by the head to the web against an elastomer covered chill roll supplied with cooling water. For example an elastomer covering of about a half an inch thick (e.g. 90 durometer silicone) may be provided. A standard hopper type melt system with a gear pump may be used to deliver adhesive to the slot die head through a heated hose. The pump may be driven by a dc motor with a drive that tracks the press speed to maintain the constant coat weight up to the desired 500 feet per minute operation.
After permanent adhesive application, a sheeter/perf unit 59 may be provided to form sheets and/or longitudinal (in the direction of web movement) perfs. The unit 59 may comprise an in-line slitter. Rewind is provided by the apparatus 60, and since linerless labels are produced during rewind the adhesive face (whether permanent or repositional) of the web substrate comes against the release coat face, which it readily releases from when used by the consumer of the labels. A control 99 my be provided for the rewind apparatus 60. The control 99 provides constant tension in the rewind roll, and may be a conventional Dover Flexo Rewind Tension Control, available from Dover Flexo Electronics, Inc., Rochester, N.H.
For each of the pieces of equipment illustrated in FIG. 2, when the equipment is not being used it is "deactivated" either by cleaning it so that if the web moves past it no material is applied (e.g. for the coater 50), or a bypass means may be provided to bypass that piece of equipment. The bypass means may be of any suitable conventional type, such as one or more diverter rolls, loops, or the like. For example illustrated in dotted line and schematically at 62 in FIG. 2 is a diverter roll about which the web may be passed in order to bypass the hot melt adhesive applicator 57 if repositional adhesive labels are being constructed, in that case the web moving directly from preceding units to the apparatus 59.
FIGS. 3 and 4 schematically illustrate repositional adhesive and permanent adhesive linerless labels, respectively, that can be produced according to the invention using the method of FIG. 1 and the apparatus of FIG. 2. In FIG. 3 the release coat, e.g. Quillon CÛ, is provided on one face as indicated at 64, which may have printing (indicia) 65 below it, followed by the substrate of the web (e.g. paper) 66. On the opposite side of the paper web 66 may be the tie coat 67 with printing (indicia) 68 thereon, and with the repositional adhesive 69 on the opposite face from the release coat 64.
For the permanent adhesive linerless label illustrated in FIG. 4, one face is provided by the release coat (e.g. UV silicone) 70, adjacent the barrier coat 71. Printing/indicia 72 may be provided between the barrier coat 71 and the web substrate (e.g. paper) 73. On the opposite side of the paper 73 may be additional printing/indicia 74, and then the hot melt or like permanent adhesive 75 on the opposite face from the release coat 70. It is understood that during the manufacture of either repositional or permanent labels, the adhesive may be pattern coated or applied in a continuous fashion. Likewise, the barrier and tie coats may also be pattern coated or applied continuously to match the coating of the adhesive.
Alternative permanent adhesive application equipment is shown generally by reference numeral 57' in FIG. 5, comprising a heated slot die head for applying hot melt adhesive. The head 57' has a main portion 80 with a length 80' aligned with the web width, which typically may be about 16 inches. The head 57' provides a heat uniformity of Ý five degrees F across the length 80'. It also provides an adhesive coat thickness uniformly of about Ý 0.0001 inch across the length 80. If the hot melt dispenser has an uneven temperature across its face (e.g. a temperature difference of as little as 20 degrees F, e.g. 300 degrees F at one end and 320 degrees F at the other) this can cause several problems. If the temperature is too great, the adhesive is burn. If one end of the dispensing device is warmer than the other end, the adhesive coming out of the warmer end will flow at a greater rate since it is more fluid than at the other end, resulting in an uneven coating of the adhesive and defects on the product.
The uniformity of the heat and coating weight that is achieved by the head 57' is accomplished in a number of different manners. Firstly, for a 16 inch length 80', nine conventional heater cartridges 81 are provided in a substantially straight line configuration having first and second ends, and at least first and second conventional temperature sensors 82 are provided, the sensors 82 located between the second and third cartridges 81 from each of the first and second ends of the straight line configuration. A prior art slotted die head that was used which had the nonuniformity problem described above had only seven cartridge heaters 81, and the temperature sensors 82 were positioned differently. The configuration illustrated in FIG. 5 solves the uniformity problem.
The main portion 80 of the head 57' also includes die lips, shown generally at reference numeral 83. The lips 83 have been reshaped compared to the prior art slotted die head, and reground flat. As seen in FIG. 5, the lips 83 have a quadrate (e.g. rectangular) shape in cross section and each lip 83 has a lip depth (indicated by reference numeral 84 in FIG. 5) of about 0.06 inches, and a thickness--indicated by dimensions 85 and 86 in FIG. 5--of about 0.6 inches. The lips 83 also have a slot 87 defined between them, corresponding to the spacing between the lips 83, the slot 87 having a thickness of about 0.012 inches, and typically applying a hot melt adhesive coating weight (thickness) of about 0.0005-0.001 inches to the web.
The head 57' also has a valve block 88. According to the present invention, again to provide greater uniformity of temperature, in the valve block 88 at least one conventional cartridge heater 89 is provided, and at least one conventional temperature sensor, preferably two cartridges 89 being provided with a single temperature sensor 90 between them as illustrated in FIG. 5. The cartridges 89 are like the cartridges 81, and the temperature sensor 90 like the sensors 82. Also, thermal insulation of any suitable conventional type (capable of withstanding the approximately >300 degree F temperature of the head 57' without degradation) is provided covering the main body portion 80 and the valve block 88. Such insulation is illustrated schematically at 91 in FIG. 5. Only a small portion of the insulation 91 is illustrated in FIG. 5 for clarity of illustration, but the insulation will cover the vast majority of the main body portion 80 and the valve block 88.
The cartridges 81 are connected up to a source of electricity and turned on, off, or the heat provided thereby is controlled in response to the temperature sensors 82. The cartridges 89 are also connected up to a source of electricity and are controlled by the temperature sensor 90. The control of the cartridges 89 is independent of the control of the cartridges 81.
The die head 57' also has sideways register adjustment indicated generally by reference numeral 92. This is accomplished by providing mounting blocks 93 on opposite sides of the main portion 80 of the head 57', which are adapted to slide on a guide rod 94 that is fixed (in a manner not shown in FIG. 5). A knob 95 is associated with stationary support 96 and includes a threaded rod 97 extending through corresponding threads in the support 96, so that by rotating the knob 95, the shaft 97 will be rotated and adjust the position of the main body 80 in the dimension 98. This allows proper registration of the lips 83 with the paper web to which the hot melt adhesive is to be applied. The rod 97 is typically connected to the near support 93 as seen in FIG. 5 by a traveling nut arrangement or the like.
In the construction of the head 57' it is also desirable to stress relieve by annealing, to prevent creep and resulting head deformation.
It will thus be seen that according to the present invention an advantageous method and apparatus are provided for alternatively constructing permanent adhesive or repositional adhesive linerless labels, with a minimum of changeover time and difficulty, to accurately and easily apply a desired coat of adhesive, and utilizing many equipment components in common so as to minimize capital expenditure and equipment attention. While the invention has been herein shown and described in what is presently conceived to be the most practical and preferred embodiment thereof it will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that many modifications may be made thereof within the scope of the invention, which scope is to be accorded the broadest interpretation of the appended claims so as to encompass all equivalent structures and methods.
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Topic: John Edison Jr.,Nifonged Today(December 15) in Maryland (Read 2826 times)
Sydney Carton
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John Edison Jr.,Nifonged Today(December 15) in Maryland
December 15, 2008, 02:03:48 PM »
Thanks to Bill Anderson
Marylands Poster Child for Tyranny: The Persecution of John Edison, Jr.
by Trevor Bothwell
Since the Fourth of July, Ive had the good fortune to take pleasure in many of the little things in life that make it worth living.
For example, in August I took my family on a weekend trip to New York to celebrate my brother-in-laws 40th birthday; in September I actually got the green light from my wife to buy an old muscle car after years of merely dreaming about it; last month I braved the frigid November air with my father-in-law at the Cowboys/Redskins game in Maryland; and perhaps best of all, back in October I helped my son celebrate his first birthday.
Contrast these experiences, if you will, with those of 16-year-old St. Marys County, Maryland boy, John K. Edison Jr., who, since July 5, 2008, has been incarcerated in an adult jail without bond on charges that he violently raped a 12-year-old girl that same morning. He is accused of assaulting the girl sexually and beating her with a belt.
The problem, however? Edison, a minor, essentially has been confined in a government cage for more than five months over the mere accusation of rape by the alleged victim.
Extricated from his family and friends, the 16-year-old has appealed to the state for a trial in a juvenile court, only to be refused and held by the state indefinitely while prosecutors figure out how to pass this kid off as a rapist. After being forced to languish for months, Edison is finally getting his trial today (Dec. 15) in Leonardtown, Maryland.
How it all began
But first, some background. On the Fourth of July, two girls the alleged 12-year-old victim and her 15-year-old friend were hanging out with John Edison and his friend at Edisons house, staying overnight until about 7:00 a.m. on July 5, at which point Edison told the girls they had to leave because his father would soon be home from work.
The boys accompanied the girls out of the house and down the street, a scene that was actually witnessed by a neighbor, who apparently has said the four kids were laughing and getting along. So imagine John Edisons surprise when police showed up to arrest him for rape about three hours later.
According to Edisons familys account of the 911 tape, the 15-year-old girl initially told police that Edison raped her, but when she went to the hospital to be examined she retracted this claim and instead insisted that Edison raped the 12-year-old. Incidentally, police reports also indicate that the 15-year-old girl at one point claimed that Edisons friend raped her, but she later recanted this as well.
John Edisons aunt, Alice Gaskins, was also denied access to her nephews interrogation when she showed up at the police station on the morning of July 5. Absent legal representation and denied the presence of a legal guardian, Edison was questioned alone by police, who repeatedly contended that he had raped the girl despite Edisons insistence that any sexual contact that took place was consensual.
The charges
According to a report in the Enterprise, a local St. Marys County newspaper, "Edison is accused in charging papers of pulling a 12-year-old girl into his bedroom on July 5 and having intercourse with her. He is being held without bond on charges which include second-degree rape and a second-degree sexual offense."
On the charges of second-degree sexual offense and second-degree rape, John Edison, Jr., is being charged under statute (a)(1), which states:
(a) Prohibited. A person may not engage in a sexual act with another:
(1) by force, or the threat of force, without the consent of the other;
To understand the seriousness of the charges against Edison, on these felonies alone he faces up to 40 years in prison.
However, prior to initial hearings Maryland prosecutors presented to Edisons defense attorney, Kevin J. McDevitt, no physical evidence that a rape had occurred, nor did they provide him with statements gathered from either Edison himself or the accuser. Whether the prosecutions failure to produce these statements was intentional or not, theres a good reason it couldnt provide physical evidence of rape: it didnt have any.
According to an interview I had on September 16 with John Edisons aunt, Alice Gaskins, the 12-year-olds medical exam, which was conducted only hours after this alleged rape took place, revealed no evidence that a physical assault had occurred, much less a violent rape. In fact, the girls hymen apparently was still intact at the time of her examination. (Medical records are sealed and therefore not available for public consumption. However, they can be requested and obtained by the family of the accused.)
A look at the prosecution
One need not be a legal scholar to believe that the state of Maryland is at this moment engaged in a gross miscarriage of justice as it violates the civil liberties of a 16-year-old child, who is almost certainly innocent of the charges levied against him. But to understand how easily John Edison can be stripped of his freedom, perhaps we need to examine the prosecution itself.
Meet St. Marys County States Attorney Richard Fritz. This is the same man who admitted almost two years ago that Maryland police needlessly escalated a standoff with Jamie Dean, an ex-soldier suffering from PTSD, to the point where they could justify executing him, but who nevertheless refused to bring any criminal charges against any of the officers involved.
Back in 1964 when he was 18, Fritz pled guilty along with two other men to having carnal knowledge of 15-year-old Carla Henning Bailey. The story came to light in 1998 on the eve of Election Day as Fritz was campaigning for the job of states attorney of St. Marys County when St. Marys Today publisher Ken Rossignol ran the headline, "Fritz Guilty of Rape," on the front cover of his newspaper.
In retaliation, Fritz teamed up with then-St. Marys County Sheriff Richard J. Voorhaar in the wee hours of the morning on Election Day to dispatch sheriffs deputies across the county to buy up all the newspapers condemning Fritz. They, along with six deputies, have since been found liable for civil damages to Rossignol (case law here).
Fritz won the 1998 election with 54 percent of the vote, but the resulting brouhaha over Fritzs high school conviction compelled Bailey to break her silence after 35 years and tell her side of the story about what she calls a "gang rape" when she was 15.
In 2000, Chris Wallace interviewed Fritz, Rossignol, and Bailey on 20/20, during which Fritz, perhaps out of some sense of guilt or attempt to clear his tainted name, made this damning statement:
"I know that, as a prosecutor myself, if a 15-year-old girl came in and told me that she was held down, raped by three different people, Id immediately have them arrested and charged with first-degree rape."
That was eight years ago, but if John Edison is any indication, Fritzs outlook hasnt changed much. St. Marys Countys top prosecutor apparently believes, in his own warped sense of justice, that sheer accusation of rape constitutes enough probable cause to see a teenage boy banished to a jail cell, locked away from friends and family for months on end as he awaits trial.
So, the Spirit of Michael B. Nifong lives in Maryland and anywhere else where prosecutors are on a mission. This is Amerika at its "finest."
"They're putting on witnesses who they know are lying. They concealed exonerating evidence. Don't we have enough criminal conduct by the prosecutors to put them behind bars?"
"It doesn't work that way," the lawyer laughed. "When we break the rules we go to jail. When they break the rules they go to lunch...."
--- Eberle, Paul and Shirley. The Abuse of Innocence: The McMartin Preschool Trial ( 1993) (reporting a discussion between a friend of the Buckeys and a defense lawyer)
Sydney Carton
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Posts: 1577
Re: John Edison Jr.,Nifonged Today(December 15) in Maryland
Reply #1 on:
December 20, 2008, 04:23:04 PM »
December 19, 2008
Edison Acquitted In Maryland
Posted by Bill Anderson at December 19, 2008 04:49 PM
Trevor Bothwell has posted on his blog that John Edison, Jr., was acquitted today of rape charges by a jury that deliberated for less than an hour. (The time of deliberation tells me that jurors had decided on acquittal even before Edison's attorney presented the defense.)
Bothwell, who attended some of the proceedings, told me that it was obvious from the beginning that the state's case was bogus. However, it also means that Edison is free for the first time since he was charged last July, as the government held him in jail without bond. Thus, he has served time for a crime he did not commit.
State's Attorney Richard Fritz was responsible for this outrage, so perhaps I can award him with the Nifong Award, given to the worst prosecutor of the previous year. Last year, it was the Attorney General of Rhode Island, Patrick C. Lynch (appropriately named), who charged a man with rape from more than 30 years ago as a result of fraudulent "recovered memories" therapy given to a woman. (Those charges were dropped after the AG admitted there was no way in Hades he could justifiably continue the case.)
So, Mr. Fritz, congratulations! You are the proud winner of the Nifong!
Sydney Carton
Hero Member
Posts: 1577
Re: John Edison Jr.,Nifonged Today(December 15) in Maryland
Reply #2 on:
January 08, 2009, 05:04:32 PM »
John Edison, Jr: Victim of Lies, Perjury, and Corruption
For nearly half a year the state of Maryland condemned 16-year-old John Edison Jr. to a government cage without bond as he faced charges of violently raping a 12-year-old girl on July 5, 2008. After being smeared as a rapist in the media, extricated from friends and family, and forced to miss more than three months of school, Edison faced 51 years in a penitentiary for a crime he not only didn't commit, but one that police and prosecutors almost certainly knew he couldn't possibly have committed but pursued anyway.
John Edison was acquitted of these horrendous charges last Friday, Dec. 19, after it took a jury less than one hour to find him innocent. As Frostburg University economics professor Bill Anderson noted after the trial, "The time of deliberation tells me that jurors had decided on acquittal even before Edison's attorney presented the defense."
This is meant to take nothing away from attorney Kevin J. McDevitt, of course; his heroic and vigorous defense of Edison is precisely what allowed jurors and other observers to realize the state's allegations against his client were entirely bogus in the first place. McDevitt's inspection of police reports and interrogation tapes, along with interviews with police officers involved with his client's arrest, revealed that Edison was essentially being framed by St. Mary's County Det. Bill Raddatz and Maryland State Police Det. Nims.
As a result of interviews with Edison's family, I've learned that Det. Raddatz lied from day one about observing scratch marks on John Edison. In fact, Raddatz wrote in a statement of charges that Edison had scratches on both of his arms, even though Edison told Raddatz that the only mark on his body was an abrasion put on one of his arms while he was being frisked in the police station by Maryland State Police Tpr. Roby -- who himself testified that he didn't remember seeing a single mark on Edison's body at the time of his arrest. Not only is such an abrasion inconsistent with defensive wounds from a violent rape, but Raddatz never even bothered to contact Roby about this claim.
Moreover, Det. Raddatz intentionally photographed marks on Edison's body that he knew weren't scratches, something he later admitted. Indeed, during the course of his investigation, McDevitt learned that three police officers saw Edison without a shirt on the morning of his arrest, and all of them said they didn't see scratches on Edison's body.
As if this complete fabrication of evidence weren't bad enough, Det. Raddatz also lied, at minimum, to fellow police officers and said that Edison admitted to raping the 12-year-old girl. According to a report from St. Mary's County Cpl. Stephen Myers, who is one of the officers who admitted to seeing no scratch marks on Edison, it was learned that the defendant confessed to sexual assault. However, there is no such confession present on interrogation tapes; all Edison admitted was that any sexual relations that transpired were consensual.
Enter Det. Nims, who showed up between 8:30 and 8:45 a.m. on the day of Edison's arrest and later committed perjury by swearing in a search warrant that John Edison had scratches on his chest. (So Raddatz insists there are scratch marks on Edison's arms; Nims says he saw scratches on Edison's chest. That's a lot of scratches on someone whose accuser admits during trial that she never once scratched Edison.)
Det. Nims also swore in a search warrant that he took DNA evidence from Edison but later admitted under oath that although he swore to collecting it, Det. Raddatz actually collected this evidence. This malfeasance shouldn't be too hard to believe considering the fact that Nims also perjured himself on the witness stand during Edison's trial when he lied about disclosing a mistake he made in one of his reports. Specifically, Nims testified that he disclosed during an earlier motions hearing that he mistakenly documented that the accuser reported bleeding from her vagina after she was allegedly raped. However, this claim was proven false by transcripts obtained from the prior hearing, during which Det. Nims made no such disclosure.
In no uncertain terms, John Edison has from the very first day of his arrest been the victim of blatant, unconscionable lies by the lead detectives in this non-rape case. Instead of conducting themselves as officers of the law and administering an unbiased investigation to determine whether or not laws were broken, Dets. Raddatz and Nims colluded to fabricate evidence against an innocent boy.
Equally contemptible in this matter is Assistant State's Attorney Joe Stanalonis, who pursued this case against Edison despite the ridiculous idea that someone could have actually committed a violent rape that resulted in absolutely no injuries to a single person involved.
In fact, at one point the 15-year-old friend of the accuser told Det. Nims that John Edison and his friend snatched the two girls off the street, dragged them into Edison's house, and raped them -- a statement Stanalonis attempted to exclude from evidence. In a separate report, this same girl contended to Tpr. Roby that Edison raped the 12-year-old while she tried to stop it, but Edison's friend grabbed her and raped her. And in yet another report, the girl tells police the four children were all hanging out together.
To believe that police and prosecutors thought John Edison (or his friend, who was arrested originally as well) actually committed a violent rape requires a suspension of disbelief suitable only for the most fantastic of science fiction movies. It is only due to the indefatigable work of Kevin McDevitt, one family's faith in a boy it knew to be innocent, and a jury comprising sensible folks that justice prevailed against the steepest of odds.
Given that the state reserves a monopoly on the use of force, one is hard-pressed to believe when dealing with its agents that honesty and integrity are even plausible, much less guaranteed.
Despite the moral depravity on display in this case, there were actually some good guys at work. In particular, the officers who admitted to seeing no scratches on John Edison at the time of his arrest deserve to be commended. However, Dets. Raddatz and Nims should be fired immediately. ASA Stanalonis deserves to be disbarred. State's Attorney Richard Fritz hardly escapes scrutiny, as he was aware of this case from the outset and used his influence with local judges to have Edison tried as an adult.
Just about everything about this case reeks of corruption, and all of these men should be charged with obstruction of justice for their abhorrent malfeasance and sabotage of an innocent citizen. The notion that such behavior would be tolerated in a country ostensibly founded on principles of individual liberty is absurd on its face.
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and ALAN MURDOCH
President Bill Clinton yesterday refused to commit himself to Dublin's proposal of "proximity talks" - akin to those which produced the Bosnia accords in Dayton, Ohio - to break the deadlock in the Northern Ireland peace process.
Speaking after a 30-minute Oval Office meeting with Mr Clinton and Vice- President Al Gore, the Irish Foreign Minister Dick Spring said merely that the US was ready to look at all proposals, including both "proximity talks" and Britain's formula of elections to clear the way for all-party talks, in theory due to start by the end of the month.
In fact that target date, agreed last year by Prime Ministers Major and Bruton, is virtually a dead letter. Mr Spring is but the latest in a string of British and Irish politicians to make the pilgrimage to Washington, seeking US blessing for their competing plans.
Within 48 hours of Mr Major's de facto rejection of the recommendations of the Mitchell report on decommissioning, two British delegations had met Mr Clinton's national security staff, followed by Gerry Adams, the Sinn Fein leader. Like Mr Spring, Mr Adams was accorded the honour of a meeting with Mr Clinton but, again like Mr Spring yesterday, failed to elicit a statement of US opposition to elections, in which Sinn Fein is refusing to take part. Completing the list of visitors are the Ulster Unionist leader, David Trimble, who will be here next week, and John Hume of the SDLP.
But the impasse apparently remains complete. Seeking to project itself as an "honest broker", the Clinton administration is effectively barred from publicly taking sides, confining itself to exhortations that all- party talks start as soon as possible. Indeed, neither proximity talks nor elections were mentioned as such in the statement issued by the White House after yesterday's talks.
Mr Spring said the proximity talks, involving the Unionists, Sinn Fein, the SDLP and other Northern Ireland parties should be convened and supervised by the British and Irish Governments, removing the need for a US mediator. He repeated his criticism of elections paving the way to all-party talks as "a diversion".
John Bruton, the Taoiseach, yesterday stepped up pressure on Britain to co-operate with Dublin's plan and stressed he intended holding Mr Major to the terms of last November's joint communique which aimed to start all-party talks by the end of this month.
Dublin sources have confirmed the proposal on Dayton-style talks was made to London during the two days between the delivery of the Mitchell decommissioning report and the Major speech in the Commons on 24 January. Dublin felt that speech effectively sidelined the Mitchell report by introducing a new precondition.
The revelation from informed sources puts the British position, enunciated by Northern Ireland political affairs minister Michael Ancram , that such talks would be "at best premature," in a new light.
- More about:
- Dublin
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text: I have been on the Over 37 package for a while (old git) and this month since our mess got Pay As You Dine (PAYD), I seem to have lost my Over 37 benefits and I am now paying accommodation charges again. I asked my local HR Admin staff (civvies) but they are as much use as a chocolate fireguard. I was told that Over 37 had ended because of PAYD, although I'm sure there are plans to change Over 37 anyway, to reflect over 19 years of service or similar. When I asked where the rules were or what it was based on, no one could give me answer. That's life I suppose, you pay peanuts and you get monkeys. However, I wonder if any SPS combat assault clerks (hey I'm joking!) could advise on where the new rules are to be found. Cheers PD


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Not Too Distant (but definitely odd) Gig Alert: Vanilla Ice, Mad Mexicans at Trees September 19th
The recently reopened Trees continues its rather unusual booking practices with the unlikely pairing of Vanilla Ice and Arlington's Mad Mexicans to occur on Saturday, September 19th.
Not that I have anything against either act. Yes, I know that Robert Matthew Van Winkle (aka Vanilla Ice) causes most music critics to snicker cynically, but at one time, the local kid was on top of the music world and when he gets around to "Ice Ice Baby" I promise folks will be jumping around and acting like idiots.
Now the Mad Mexicans are a different beast all together. You may remember a few months back when I reviewed the band's most recent EP. These guys mix some surreal Latin grooves with a riff hefty dose of power metal to create one of the most unique sounds in the area.
Taken together, this is either one of the most unique pairings in recent memory or just the management of Trees playing Russian roulette with its booking policy. Either way, I'll be there like an ambulance chaser at the scene of a multi-car pile up.
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Being a democratic country, the role of politicians plays a major role. There are various famous politicians in our country since time immemorial. India has some amazing politicians who were dedicated to the country, few corrupt and few speechless. But never mind that, we have a bunch of politicians who are extremely famous and are doing a great job. What makes politician famous? Their work for the country, few controversies and corruption; and the media plays a great role in hyping these things. They make a politician popular by showing them again and again by picking up on them, on whatever they say and by following everything they do. Politicians and actors in India go hand in hand. Here is a list of top ten most famous politicians in India.
From mimicking the President to getting involved into corruption, Lalu Prasad the ex-chief minister of Bihar and an ex Railway Minister has done it all. He was also involved in the Fodder Scam for which he was imprisoned for five years. He is the president of his own Party RJD which is now in power with JDU.
Sushma is one of the most famous Indian Politicians and she is currently the minister of Foreign Affairs. She was also the first chief minister, union cabinet, spokesperson, minister of external affairs, general secretary, and leader of the opposition party.
She is a famous South Indian Politician, who has maintained her position as the chief minister of Tamil Nadu since 2011 and was the CM of the state for three times earlier. Known as Amma, she was once a famous Film Actress as well and has acted as a lead in 140 films. She is no doubt one of the most famous Indian politicians.
A famous indian Politician and Current CM from Bihar, Nitish also served as a member of parliament for the Janta Dal Party. He has done major constructive developments in his city and has gained a lot of popularity. He won the Bihar elections in the year 2005, which ended the then ruler of the state RJD, led by Lalu Prasad, who ruled the state for 15 years. He already completed 2 terms as CM of Bihar and with the help of Lalu and congress he is now became CM of the state for the third time.
The right hand of NarendraModi, Amit Shah is one of the most famous Indian Politicians. He won the LokSabha Elections for BJP from Uttar Pradesh and became very famous since then. And apart from that, he is accused of acting as the key player in the fake encounter of the underworld criminal Sohrabuddin Sheikh. He is currently the president of BJP.
She is the Chairperson of UPA, and has been a member of congress for the longest time. She is a famous politician, who despite winning the elections did not take the throne. When she first stepped in the country, Sonia knew nothing about politics, but in UPA rule she was indirectly ruling the country.
From a famous television actor to a famous politician, Smriti has earned it all. She is the Human Resource Development minister of the country, and is smart, talented, and Prime Minister NarendraModi calls her as her younger sister.
A former Civil servant,current CM of Delhi, ArvindKejriwal is one of the most famous Indian politicians, and is the leader of the AamAadmi Party. He works against corruption and believes in the statement, which says, "Change begins from small things."
He is one of the most famous Indian politicians and he is also a member of the parliament who represents Amethi. He is also the chairman of Indian Youth Congress and the National Students Union of India. He is been working for congress from many years and has good experience.
He is the 15th Prime Minister of India, who is working towards developing the nation in a lot of ways. He has taken a lot of initiatives and he along with his team is doing there best to accomplish the set goals. Modi is undoubtedly the most famous Indian Politician.
Cars are becoming a necessity in India. Everyone wants to own the best car to up their social status. However,...


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Enjoy guided hikes, live animal shows, nature center exhibits, face painting, native azalea showcases, hands on workshops, informational booths from local environmental organizations and much more!
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Town Square
Free Presidential Autograph Exhibition
Original post made by Joe Baldwin, Downtown North, on Feb 7, 2013
in All Saints' Parish Hall at Hamilton & Waverley, I will
exhibit my collection of letters and documents signed by
all 44 Presidents from Washington to Obama. All are
cordially invited to this unique Presidents Day Weekend event.
Fu Lam Mum shutters temporarily in Mountain View
By Elena Kadvany | 5 comments | 2,480 views
2017 guide to summer camps
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America's largest bank has announced it will invest $100 million over the next five years on improving Detroit's infrastructure and training the blighted city's workforce.
The New York Times reports JPMorgan Chase said it will invest the money on housing repairs, blight remediation, economic development and job training programs in the debt-plagued city. The investment will be a combination of loans and grants.
"The city's challenges remain significant– unprecedented, in some regards– but JPMorgan Chase believes that Detroit has the ingredients and intrinsic strengths to reshape and rebuild a dynamic modern economy and make the city a great place to live, work and invest," the company said in a statement. "We are committed to helping make that future a reality."
Half of JPMorgan's investment will be directed toward community projects that would otherwise have great difficulty securing capital. Groups including the Detroit Land Bank Authority and the Detroit Blight Removal Task Force, which are dedicated to removing the estimated 78,000 vacant structures in a city whose population has plunged from nearly 1.9 million in 1950 to just over 700,000 today, will receive $25 million.
An additional $12.5 million will be spent on job training, $7 million will fund small business assistance and $5.5 million has been earmarked for economic growth projects like a new streetcar system, the Times reports.
Detroit is broke. Last July, it became the largest US city to ever file for Chapter 9 bankruptcy protection. The city, once the world's leading industrial metropolis, suffered enormously from the decline of American manufacturing and the subsequent flight of more than 60 percent of its population. It is now mired in $18.5 billion in debt.
JPMorgan Chase isn't the only major corporation that has pledged significant investment in Detroit. Last November, Lloyd Blankfein, CEO of the multinational investment banking giant Goldman Sachs, and billionaire investor Warren Buffet, unveiled a $20 million partnership to boost small business in Detroit.
Both JPMorgan Chase and Goldman Sachs have been implicated in criminal wrongdoing in connection with the recent financial meltdown. While no charges have been filed against Goldman Sachs, JPMorgan Chase recently agreed to pay $1.7 billion to settle criminal charges in the Bernie Madoff case, as well as $13 billion for lying about the value of mortgages it sold to investors.


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Rough Guide to Iron Maiden
Nov 23 2011, 6:27 di FadingMind
My milestones!
Lug 4 2011, 22:59 di BlAckDrAgon90Last.FM Milestones1st track: (01 Sep 2007)
I Ratti Della Sabina - Piccola canzone1000th track: (18 Sep 2007)
Korpiklaani - Hengettömiltä hengiltä2000th track: (08 Oct 2007)
TrollfesT - Trollkamp
http://userserve-ak.last.fm/serve/174s/4127795.jpg3000th track: (20 Oct 2007)
Gorgoroth - God Seed (Twilight Of The Idols)
http://userserve-ak.last.fm/serve/174s/15662951.jpg4000th track: (29 Oct 2007)
Music: Galt MacDermot, Words.. - The Flesh Failures (Let The ..5000th track: (13 Nov 2007)
Ulver - Your Call
http://userserve-ak.last.fm/serve/174s/59388095.png6000th track: (25 Nov 2007)
Ensiferum - One More Magic Potion
http://userserve-ak.last.fm/serve/174s/44698659.jpg7000th track: (08 Dec 2007)
Modena City Ramblers - Triste, solitario y final
http://images.amazon.com/images/P/B0000ARKUQ.01.MZZZZZZZ.jpg8000th track: (21 Dec 2007)
Pink Floyd - Don't Leave Me Now
http://userserve-ak.last.fm/serve/174s/54700113.png9000th track: (30 Dec 2007)
Judas Priest - All Guns Blazing
My Music 2010
Gen 1 2011, 2:46 di stokesy220On the sound advice of TheDarkOrb, I'm going to archive my favorites and most listened of 2010.
Because I've been computer-less for a majority of 2010 my main listening has happened on my PSP but because this year has been a great year for music I remember most of the new stuff i have enjoyed this year.
The album i've most enjoyed this year would defiantly be Slash's self titled album. I bought it on the recommendation of a friend, the fact I think slash is one of the best guitarists in the world and he was doing exactly that on this record and that there was a special edition with a magazine detailing the album and the man behind the album. I couldn't be happier with this album as its quirky, in that its slash and a group of his friends making music and I love collaborations.
Slash - Slash
I then saw an interview with a guy called Sea Sick Steve on Top Gear and he played a little from one of his songs and it was great not my normal style but I enjoyed it so I looked him…
Favourite Songs Year To Year
Ott 18 2010, 22:08 di stokesy220I found creating a list of favourite albums to be most interesting so I decided to create a favourite song for each year too and see what happens.
1967 - Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band - The Beatles
1969 - Whole Lotta Love - Led Zeppelin
1970 - Working Class Hero - John Lennon
1971 - Stairway to Heaven - Led Zeppelin
1972 - Come Together - John Lennon
1974 - Nobody Loves You - John Lennon
1975 - Stand by Me - John Lennon
1980 - Iron Maiden - Iron Maiden
1981 - Wrathchild Iron Maiden
1983 - The Number of the Beast - Iron Maiden
1984 - Die With Your Boots On - Iron Maiden
1985 - In And Out Of Love - Bon Jovi
1986 - Raining Blood - Slayer
1987 - Sweet Child O Mine - Guns N' Roses
1988 - My Guitar Lies Bleeding In My Arms - Bon Jovi
1989 - Head Like a Hole - Nine Inch Nails
1990 - Rust in Peace... Polaris - Megadeth
1991 - Nothing Else Matters - Metallica
1992 - Fear of the Dark - Iron Maiden
1993 - Undertow - Tool
1994 - Davidian - Machine Head
1995 - Rammstein - Rammstein
Iron Maiden: The Final Frontier Tour, Auburn, WA
Ago 27 2010, 6:27 di KanixtantTue 22 Jun – Iron Maiden, Dream Theater
When a band like Iron Maiden comes to your town, it's a good enough reason to cancel all incoming and outgoing flights. It's just that monumental. It's just that epic. Seattle got a taste of that madness when the sextet brought "The Final Frontier World Tour" to the White River Amphitheater in June, promoting the band's 15th studio album among songs that spanned their impressive 30-year career.
For a show of this magnitude, the band got things right by using Gustav Holst's thundering "Mars, the Bringer of War" as the opening music. Red lights flickered from the skies to illuminate the stage, rigged up like the bridge of a space-faring battleship (keeping with the theme of The Final Frontier). Fitting as though "Mars" is, the intro might have stretched a tad too long - but when Adrian Smith struck the first notes of "The Wicker Man", all was forgiven and forgotten. …
Iron Maiden & Dream Theater - Concord - June 20th, 2010
Giu 28 2010, 5:33 di jukkakhanArtist: Iron Maiden
Supporting: Dream Theater
Date: June 20th, 2010
Location: Concord
Venue: Sleep Train Pavilion
Tour: The Final Frontier
I'll start out by saying that this was an exceptional concert. I'm not the biggest Iron Maiden fan and a big Dream Theater fan; so I was pretty undecided on going to this for a while. Iron Maiden are absolute legends and with the unfortunate passing of Dio, I knew that I had to see these guys at least once. And boy was I glad I did.
Dream Theater delivered the performance that I've come to expect from them. Precise and proficient. They didn't have their usual set ups with tons of cameras and screen projections, so it really boiled down to delivering a great sounding performance; which they definitely did. James' voice was quite decent that night. John Petrucci delivered some amazing solos. If I remember correctly, he had one in every song. Jordan was actually a little short on the solos this time around, probably due to their (relatively) shorter setlist. …
Maiden Houston
Giu 15 2010, 14:50 di sarsippius164I went to see Iron Maiden this past weekend in Houston, and I got to say that it was kind of disappointing. I didn't think Maiden looked like they were really into that night. The other times I've seen a show by them, they seemed like they were really into it.
The trip to the Woodlands Pavilion was marred with traffic jams and people trying to change lanes at a toll booth. That was above frustrating. Then there was a wreck, which had traffic backed up for more than a mile.
Once we got to the Pavilion, I was surprised to hear the opening of Dream Theater's opening song As I Am starting up. I figured they would start late. Every other concert I've ever been to did. So with this show starting up 5 minutes early, I was surprised. We wound up having to go all the way around to the main gate at the venue to get our tickets from Will Call. Then we stopped at the merch tent and got shirts.
By the time we got to our seats Dream Theater started their last song for the night Pull Me Under. …
Iron Maiden in Christchurch, NZ - Somewhere Back in Time World Tour
Mar 8 2009, 0:57 di synultimaSun 22 Feb – Iron Maiden
I will try and be as critical as I can, but everyone knows I am Maiden obsessed, and thus will be biased.
I won the Iron Maiden Fan Club's FTTB competition, that is; first to the barrier. This meant Jack and I (and 118 others) were let into the venue 20 minutes before everyone else, to get right up the front of the general admission floor area. I was dead centre, next to my new found mate Elliot. I was a bit slow getting in so I don't get right on the barrier, just one hand (which you will soon see was ultimately my downfall) was holding on.
I was so excited to see Maiden; 4 hours of flights, 2 days of driving and countless sleepless nights all came down to one moment. This moment was right upon me. Except for one thing. Support bands. First up was Tainted. They were pretty terrible. Some death metal band. A terrible choice to support maiden. I can't say much more on the subject except that elliot shit his pants when the singer jumped off the stage right onto the security-step directly in front of him. …
Song Of The Week - 29th December 2008: Wrathchild
Dic 29 2008, 18:30 di GrantRSIron Maiden / "Wrathchild" / Killers (2) / Feb 81
Artist: Iron Maiden
Original Album: Killers
Track: Wrathchild
Last Monday of 2008, so I thought I'd get away with picking a Maiden track. I've got lots of ideas for next year's journals, but my list of stuff to listen to at the moment is nearly as long as my shopping list so I'm buying myself some time to better evaluate some new (to me) stuff. My journal publication routine has become fairly random over the last week or so, largely thanks to Xmas and New Year's, but come Thursday we'll have another chance to get back into the rhythm of journalising my every whim and thought. For one thing, I think I'll be moving the "NWOBHM Band of the Week" feature to Thursday or Friday to balance the week out a bit more rather than have everything packed into Monday, Tuesday and Wednesday.
More on the subject though, I think I've narrowed down my list of favourite Di'Anno era Maiden tracks to two. …
Song Of The Day - 14 Nov 2008: Killers (AotY 1981)
Dic 1 2008, 3:00 di sablespecterIron Maiden / Killers / Killers (7) / Feb 1981
sablespecter's Album of the Year for 1981 (RDF: 91%)
Purchased along with NotB after seeing Maiden open for Scorpions at my first concert, I have never tired of this album after all these years, and never treated it with any less love than NotB despite my preference for Bruce Dickinson over Paul Di'Anno. As Paul himself once described it a few years back in an interview with Jeb Wright over on Classic Rock Revisited (now unavailable), Bruce is the better singer of the two, but not when it comes to delivering the material of the first two albums.
There are two things that I can never get enough of with this album. One: the gritty, punk-in-the-dark-alley vocals of Paul - that get no better than on the title track selection of this day and on Wrathchild - but still manage to carry a good melody, as in Prodigal Son. And while everyone knows that Bruce has an awesome range and sustain, Paul could also deliver at times, too. …


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