text:
President Bush refuses to
President Bush refuses to say whether there will be consequences for those who leaked Plame's identity. "There's a serious investigation. I'm not going to prejudge the outcome of the investigation."
President Bush refuses to say whether there will be consequences for those who leaked Plame's identity. "There's a serious investigation. I'm not going to prejudge the outcome of the investigation."
I've been mulling over the New York Times dimension of the Plame story for the last day or so. And one thing seems more and more clear to me. This isn't a judgment made on particular reporting, more a sense or just intuition. So let me just briefly share it with you.
I think there's a whole part of the Times' story that we're not yet aware of. Let me try an analogy. If my memory is correct, when astronomers plot the location of black holes in space, they can't see them directly. It's impossible. No light escapes from them; so there's nothing to see. You can tell where they are by plotting the effects of their gravitational pull on nearby stars and celestial bodies.
There's something similar happening here.
When you read the Times Sunday article plus Miller's apologia, there's too much there that is simply inexplicable in terms of what we already know. Going into this mess Miller's reputation was already severely checkered and her journalistic judgment very much in question. And yet Sulzberger and Keller (the first in the van, the second following with an odd passivity) staked the reputation of the Times itself on her and went along for this whole ride without even getting the most basic information from her about what had happened?
Simple poor judgment doesn't explain that for me. Something else is up.
Now, I know it seems like I'm hinting ominously about some deep dark secret. Really, I have no idea what it is. But there's a whole piece to this puzzle, probably the most telling one, that we haven't yet seen.
More on Judy Miller's special embed agreement, from Frank Foer's piece in New York magazine from the summer of 2004 ...
According to Pomeroy, as well as an editor at the Times, Miller had helped negotiate her own embedding agreement with the Pentagonâan agreement so sensitive that, according to one Times editor, Rumsfeld himself signed off on it. Although she never fully acknowledged the specific terms of that arrangement in her articles, they were as stringent as any conditions imposed on any reporter in Iraq. âAny articles going out had to be, well, censored,â Pomeroy told me. âThe mission contained some highly classified elements and people, what we dubbed the âSecret Squirrels,â and their âsources and methodsâ had to be protected and a war was about to start.â Before she filed her copy, it would be censored by a colonel who often read the article in his sleeping bag, clutching a small flashlight between his teeth. (When reporters attended tactical meetings with battlefield commanders, they faced similar restrictions.)
As Miller covered MET Alpha, it became increasingly clear that she had ceased to respect the boundaries between being an observer and a participant. And as an embedded reporter she went even further, several sources say. While traveling with MET Alpha, according to Pomeroy and one other witness, she wore a military uniform.
When Colonel Richard McPhee ordered MET Alpha to pull back from a search mission and regroup in the town of Talil, Miller disagreed vehemently with the decisionâand let her opinions be loudly known. The Washington Postâs Howard Kurtz reprinted a note in which she told public-affairs officers that she would write negatively about his decision if McPhee didnât back down. Whatâs more, Kurtz reported that Miller complained to her friend Major General David Petraeus. Even though McPheeâs unit fell outside the generalâs line of command, Petraeusâs rank gave his recommendation serious heft. According to Kurtz, in an account that was later denied, âMcPhee rescinded his withdrawal order after Petraeus advised him to do so.â
Miller guarded her exclusive access with ferocity. When the Washington Postâs Barton Gellman overlapped in the unit for a day, Miller instructed its members that they couldnât talk with him. According to Pomeroy, âShe told people that she had clearance to be there and Bart didnât.â (One other witness confirms this account.)
Okay, this squares what I've heard from various sources over the last 24 hours.
Jim Miklaszewski on the NBC Nightly News blog says no one at the Pentagon, the DIA or the CIA knows anything about Judy Miller ever having a security clearance, as she appeared to claim in her tell-not-very-much piece in the Times.
As one Pentagon reporter pointed out to me, embedded reporters will frequently get tactical information that's classified -- troop locations, battle plans, etc. But that's information with a very short shelf-life. And knowledgeable sources doubt that anyone with Miller's background would confuse that sort of access with the much more specific meaning of getting a security clearance.
That leaves two possibilities. What I'd have to call the less interesting of the two is that Miller was either speaking imprecisely or self-aggrandizingly and she really had no more access than any other embedded reporter in the field who, in the nature of things, listens in on plans of action, locations, etc.
The second possibility is that Miller was given some special status or special clearance that was, shall we say, off-the-books, a special status few at the Pentagon or the CIA seem to know about or are willing now to admit knowing about.
But look at the passage in Miller's piece in question ...
In my grand jury testimony, Mr. Fitzgerald repeatedly turned to the subject of how Mr. Libby handled classified information with me. He asked, for example, whether I had discussed my security status with Mr. Libby. During the Iraq war, the Pentagon had given me clearance to see secret information as part of my assignment "embedded" with a special military unit hunting for unconventional weapons.
Mr. Fitzgerald asked if I had discussed classified information with Mr. Libby. I said I believed so, but could not be sure. He asked how Mr. Libby treated classified information. I said, Very carefully.
Mr. Fitzgerald asked me to examine a series of documents. Though I could not identify them with certainty, I said that some seemed familiar, and that they might be excerpts from the National Intelligence Estimate of Iraq's weapons. Mr. Fitzgerald asked whether Mr. Libby had shown any of the documents to me. I said no, I didn't think so. I thought I remembered him at one point reading from a piece of paper he pulled from his pocket.
I told Mr. Fitzgerald that Mr. Libby might have thought I still had security clearance, given my special embedded status in Iraq. At the same time, I told the grand jury I thought that at our July 8 meeting I might have expressed frustration to Mr. Libby that I was not permitted to discuss with editors some of the more sensitive information about Iraq.
Mr. Fitzgerald asked me if I knew whether I was cleared to discuss classified information at the time of my meetings with Mr. Libby. I said I did not know.
A number of Times' subscribers from outside New York and DC wrote in to me over the weekend asking if I knew why the paper's big Plame-Miller package wasn't included in their editions of the paper. This appears to be the answer.
The Journal (sub.req.) got Miller on the phone Sunday, briefly ...
Despite giving a lengthy first-person account, Ms. Miller left some pivotal questions unanswered. For instance, she didn't disclose whether she was asked by Mr. Fitzgerald in her first grand-jury appearance about meeting with Mr. Libby in June 2003. Her failure to disclose that meeting led to her second testimony before the grand jury after some of her notes were found. But neither her account nor the Times story discusses how the notes were found and what set off a search for them.
In a brief telephone interview yesterday, Ms. Miller said she discovered the June 2003 notes in her office after being prompted to seek out answers to another question Mr. Fitzgerald had asked her. "There was an open question about something, and I said I would go back and look and see if there was anything in my notes that would address that question," she said yesterday.
She said she found the notebook in her office. She reiterated that she couldn't recall who told her the name that she transcribed as "Valerie Flame." "I don't remember who told me the name," she said, growing agitated. "I wasn't writing a story, remember?" Asked if the other source was Mr. Rove, she replied, "I'm not going to discuss anyone else that I talked to."
Here just after midnight I was trying to read tomorrow's papers to see if anyone had much more light to shed on the revelations of the weekend. And all I can think to say is that this mess gives new meaning to the phrase 'train wreck'.
Here in the Post, for instance, you have Floyd Abrams, Miller's one-time and maybe still lawyer, coming pretty close to calling Miller a liar, twice.
Look at this passage closely ...
According to the Times story, one of Miller's lawyers, Floyd Abrams, was authorized in the summer of 2004 to talk to Libby's lawyer, Joseph A. Tate, about whether Libby, who had signed a paper waiver, "really wanted her to testify." The story said that "Tate had said she was free to testify," but Abrams added that "Tate also passed along some information about Mr. Libby's grand jury testimony: that he had not told Ms. Miller the name or undercover status of Mr. Wilson's wife."
With that information, the Times said, Miller concluded that Libby was sending her a message that he did not want her to testify. The newspaper added that "Mr. Tate called Ms. Miller's interpretation 'outrageous.' "
Yesterday, Bennett would not say that Tate was trying to steer Miller's testimony, but that he thought it "complicated things" and that "Judy felt she did not have the clear personal waiver she needed."
In an interview yesterday, Abrams declined to endorse Miller's account that Libby did not want her to testify unless she was going to exonerate him. "That's Judy's interpretation," Abrams said. Tate "certainly asked me what Judy would say, but that's an entirely proper question."
Abrams also minimized Miller's assertion that another source may have given her the name "Valerie Flame," as she recorded it in the same notebook used for her first interview of Libby. Abrams said others may have mentioned Plame only "in passing. . . . The central and essentially only figure who had information was Libby."
Not until tonight did I closely read through the Times article on the Miller fiasco. And I have to ask: Was I the only one who found the reporting extraordinarily thin?
I'm not trying to criticize the reporters, or not necessarily them. But the piece read to me as though the reporters had been allowed to interview Times management and employees on the record -- and that was about it. I didn't get a sense that the piece was based on a lot of reporting outside the Times building itself and its Washington bureau. After all, how many other people are there in Washington the Times reporters could have interviewed on background? Miller's colleagues, FBI agents, various lawyers around the case, people at the State Department, the Pentagon, the possibilities are not much short of endless.
I can't know what Van Natta, Liptak and Levy did or who they talked to. And I can only imagine the cross-cutting pressures they were working under. But I didn't see much signs of that kind of reporting in the piece I read.
Of course, the piece is already pretty lengthy. And it reveals a number of important new facts about the story -- which I'll discuss in a moment. But it leaves an inevitable question: Is this it? The article leaves a slew of questions conspicuously unanswered -- about the paper, about Miller, about the case. Who's assigning follow-up articles? Look at the piece in detail and Miller and Jill Abramson seem to be calling each other liars. That, or there's a mystery 'editor' loose at the Times.
All that aside, what does it tell us? Several things, as near as I can see, and in no particular order. Miller seems to lie repeatedly in her statements both to the Times and, as she relates what she said, to the Grand Jury. She's still not cooperating with the Times. Sulzberger and Keller went down this whole path while knowing virtually nothing about the situation Miller was in or what she had done. She kept them almost entirely in the dark. And they didn't protest. Keller, meanwhile, concedes he either wouldn't or couldn't control Miller. That squares with a general impression that Keller was passive in the face of Sulzberger's recklessness and poor judgment.
Hopefully Pat Fitzgerald has a decent idea of what happened and what's happening here. Because I think our information is thin and more incomplete than we realize. Miller's still holding out for whatever reason, good or bad. The fire burning at the Times hasn't been brought under control let alone extinguished. And remember, Miller's just one part of this story.
Kevin Drum has three really good posts on the Judy Miller portion of the Plame finale.
In one post he reminds of John Bolton's man Fred Fleitz as a very probable background player in the drama. And he rightly points to the significance of Miller's having been told by someone -- just who is almost a secondary matter -- the name 'Plame' rather than simply told that Joe Wilson's wife worked as a clandestine operative at CIA.
In the second he doubts the now-popular notion that Miller's attorney Bob Bennett hoodwinked Fitzgerald by getting him to agree to limit his questions to her conversations with Libby.
This last one explains why Miller's claim not to remember who identified Wilson's wife as "Plame" is obviously false.
Writing in Time, Mike Allen says the White House is planning to right the sinking Miers' nomination by moving from what they call the "biographical phase" to the "accomplishment phase". But reading Allen's short piece suggests that the entertainment-cum-schadenfreude phase may have only just begun.
For one thing we have Karl Rove telling James Dobson that other much-beloved female conservatives rejected consideration "because the process has become so vicious." The prospect of picturing Karl Rove bemoaning the vicious turn of the American political scene is almost enough to make you overlook the fact that the claim is almost certainly a lie.
In any case, the White House spin team is going to get things back on track by talking about "Miers' experience dealing with such real-world issues as the Voting Rights Act when she was a Dallas city council member and Native American tribal sovereignty when she was chairwoman of the Texas Lottery Commission."
Says one White Houser: "As the focus becomes less on who she's not and more on who she is, that's a better place to be."
So things will look better when interest moves from her not being a qualified candidate for the Court to her being an unqualified candidate.


text:
No laws in the United States require signs to be posted when video surveillance cameras are installed in a public place. Only 13 states have any laws restricting use of hidden cameras, primarily banning them where privacy is expected.
Other People Are Reading
No laws in the United States require signs giving notice of hidden camera surveillance, particularly when surveillance takes place in a public setting where citizens have no expectation of privacy. Surveillance cameras, such as nanny cams placed in homes to monitor household employees, also require no posting of signs.
Federal laws do prohibit hidden cameras in places where citizens have a reasonable expectation of privacy, such as bathrooms, hotel rooms, changing rooms and changing rooms. In workplaces where employment contracts include a clause requiring employees to consent to surveillance, employers often reinforce that agreement with a sign warning that surveillance cameras are operating.
Posting a sign warning of video surveillance can be such an effective deterrent to crime that some people post the sign even where they have imitation, nonfunctional surveillance units or no video camera in place at all.
Posting a sign to inform visitors or employees of video surveillance not only provides a measure of protection from crime, it also allows the homeowner or business owner who installs the cameras to argue that anyone caught on camera was warned in advance.
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subset: commoncrawl


text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|Feb 3, 2009
|Filing date
|Dec 16, 2005
|Priority date
|Dec 16, 2005
|Fee status
|Also published as
|Publication number
|Brad W. Simeral, David G. Reed, Dmitry Vyshetsky, Roman Surgutchick, Robert William Chapman, Joshua Titus, Anand Srinivasan, Hari U. Krishnan
|Original Assignee
|Nvidia Corporation
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (10), Non-Patent Citations (1), Referenced by (24), Classifications (17), Legal Events (5)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
This invention relates generally to computing devices, and more particularly, to integrating a power management controller into a data path controller that facilitates communications among one or more processors and a variety of devices, including peripheral devices.
Power requirements for computing devices have been increasing as they include a growing number of components that operate at higher speeds and data transfer rates, thereby drawing larger amounts of power. Many computing devices have implemented power management functions to manage the power consumption according to a particular configuration or application for the computing devices. While functional, traditional approaches to managing power have a variety of drawbacks, some of which are described next.
One approach to managing power is to mount a microcontroller or discrete logic onto a motherboard for regulating component power. A drawback to this approach is that it is relatively inflexible. In particular, this approach fixes both the power requirements of the computing device and its components at the time of manufacture. Further, this approach is relatively inflexible in that its power management capabilities are limited to processors and devices that were present when the motherboard was built. As a result, traditional power management techniques cannot readily manage the power of later-added processors and/or peripheral devices after the time of manufacturing. Another drawback is that motherboard manufacturers must generally dedicate space, power and interconnect lines to implement the microcontroller or discrete logic. Yet another drawback to this approach is that it does not provide input/output ports that can be configurable to monitor various kinds of peripheral devices that affect overall power consumption.
Another approach to managing power is to engage an operating system ("OS") of a computing device to manage power for the motherboard. This approach relies primarily on one or more processors as well as system memory to execute instructions of a power management algorithm. A drawback to this approach is that when the processor enters an idle state, it halts execution of instructions for all programs, including those related to OS-based power management. Accordingly, OS-based power management techniques cannot readily monitor and/or modify the activity levels of devices during the time the processor is idle. Activity levels of peripheral devices and power supply devices therefore cannot be assessed or acted upon when the power management algorithm is halted. Another drawback is that OS-based power management techniques burden the processor, thereby consuming processing cycles that otherwise would be used to perform other tasks. Further, this approach usually competes with other processor priorities to acquire processor cycles, thereby hindering power management resources from responding quickly to power-related events. As such, the power management resources remain latent while the processor performs other tasks. In some cases, the power-related events are unobservable by an OS-based power management system because the power-related events occur too quickly for the processor to detect, thereby foregoing opportunities to reduce power consumption. One example of an OS-based power management scheme is set forth in the Advanced Configuration and Power Interface ("ACPI") Specification, which is an open industry specification co-developed by various corporate entities.
In view of the foregoing, it would be desirable to provide a data path controller, a computer device, an apparatus and a method that minimizes the above-mentioned drawbacks, thereby facilitating power management by regulating operation of the components of a computing device, both individually and collectively.
Disclosed are a data path controller, a computer device, an apparatus and a method for integrating power management functions into a data path controller to manage power consumption of processors and peripheral devices. By embedding power management within the data path controller, the data path controller can advantageously modify its power management criteria in-situ so that it can adapt its power management actions in response to changes in processors and peripheral devices. In addition, the data path controller includes a power-managing interface that provides power-monitoring ports for monitoring and/or quantifying power consumption of various components. The data path controller can also offload power management functions that otherwise are performed by processor. This can decrease the response time to react to power-related events, especially noncompliant events. Further, embedded power management in a first mode can facilitate monitoring of activity levels as well as adjusting operational characteristics for reducing power consumption of components, for example, while the processor is in an idle state. In a second mode, embedded power management can proactively modify activity levels to bring them into compliance. Notably, the data path controller is a central component (or hub) through which most data communications for processors and peripheral devices pass. In one embodiment, the data path controller includes a power-monitoring interface for selectably monitoring power of a component. It also includes a controller for adjusting operational characteristics of the component for modifying the power consumed by the component to comply, for example, with a performance profile, which specifies permissible power consumption levels for the component. Generally, performance profiles balance various levels of performance (e.g., computational speed, etc.) against various levels of power consumption.
In one embodiment, the data path controller further includes a data store and a programming interface. The data store maintains the performance profile to govern operation of the processor and the peripheral devices. The programming interface modifies the performance profile to form a modified performance profile when another component is included in the components while the data path controller is coupled to the processor and/or the peripheral devices. As such, the controller can be configured to adjust operation of the new component in accordance to the modified performance profile. In some embodiments, the power-monitoring interface includes a plurality of general purpose interface signal ("GPIS") ports configured to monitor power during the exchange of data between the data path controller and the components. In some cases, the GPIS ports monitor activity levels of peripheral devices. In other cases, the GPIS ports can generate a sequence of events that affect power consumption of one or more components. Note that in one embodiment, the controller can be formed on a single substrate upon which the data path controller is formed. A substrate is any supporting material upon or within which an integrated circuit is fabricated. Silicon wafer or portion thereof (e.g., a die) is one example of a substrate.
In another embodiment, a method manages power consumption of a processor and devices at a data path controller, which forms data paths through input/output ("I/O") ports for facilitating data communications among the processor and the peripheral devices for a computing device. The method includes configuring a subset of the I/O ports as one or more power-monitoring ports to monitor power. It also includes monitoring activity levels of the devices and of the processor at the one or more power-monitoring ports to form monitored activity levels, detecting a noncompliant activity level of the monitored activity levels at the data path controller, and modifying the noncompliant activity level to modify power consumption of a device from the devices. Note that detecting the activity levels and modifying the activity level can be independent of the processor executing instructions for managing power of the device.
The invention is more fully appreciated in connection with the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:
Like reference numerals refer to corresponding parts throughout the several views of the drawings. Note that most of the reference numerals include one or two left-most digits that generally identify the figure that first introduces that reference number.
In accordance with at least one embodiment, data path controller 100 operates to manage power in at least two modes, both of which can be implemented separately or concurrently to manage power consumption for any component. In a first mode, data path controller 100 modifies operational characteristics of components to conserve power while providing sufficient resources to support a specific workload. This mode is generally reactive; it takes action to decrease power consumption, for example, as a result of low or negligible activity levels, such as experienced during an idle state. In a second mode, data path controller 100 modifies operational characteristics of components as corrective action to bring one or more noncompliant activity levels back into compliance. This mode is generally proactive; it takes action to decrease power consumption by decreasing activity levels of a component. As used herein, the term "operational characteristic," in some embodiments, describes a functional attribute of a component that can be controlled to alter the activity level of the component to adjust either its own power consumption or the power consumption of another component. As used herein, the term "activity level," in some embodiments, represents a quantifiable load associated with a component, where the amount of load correspondingly affects consumption of power by either that component or another component. An activity level can be expressed in any number of values, magnitudes or quantities. Said another way, an "operational characteristic" is an attribute that can be changed to alter the behavior of a component, whereas an "activity level" is measurable quantity that is indicative of how the component is behaving.
To illustrate the first mode of operation, consider that a bandwidth of a bus is an operational characteristic of one or more buses and can be controlled to either increase or decrease the size of the bandwidth. Further, consider that the amount of data passing over the bus at any given instance represents an activity level. Thus, data path controller 100 can manage power for a computing device by first monitoring the activity level of the bus (e.g., the data transfer rate of the bus), and then disabling (e.g., shutting down) components that have very low (i.e., negligible) activity levels to save power. So if the data rate is below some threshold (i.e., low amounts of data are passing over the bus), then data path controller 100 can either decrease (i.e., "throttle down") the bus width or shut down one or more bus controllers, thereby conserving power that would otherwise be expended by maintaining a higher bandwidth. Another operational characteristic is the ability of a disk controller to modify "access to a hard drive," with a corresponding activity level representing, for example, the "amount of disk accesses per unit time." Further to the illustration of the first mode, consider that during a first interval of time that a user applies a workload (e.g., runs a graphics-related application) to a computing device. The workload thus causes a bus and a hard drive to operate at relatively high activity levels (i.e., high bandwidths and large amounts of disk accesses). Since these components are needed to perform the workload, they are fully operational. During a next duration of time, however, the user shuts down the workload and lets the computer sit idle. Data path controller 100 monitors the activity levels during both of these intervals of time. So when it detects a drop to relatively low activity levels (or negligible activity levels) for both the bus and the hard drive, data path controller 100 can decrease the bus bandwidth and/or shutdown both the bus controller and the hard drive controller. Or, it can take some other action to reduce power consumption.
In the second mode of operation, data path controller 100 is configured to monitor select components to determine whether they individually or collectively consume a compliant amount of power, and if not, data path controller 100 can modify the behavior of one or more of the select components to meet a particular performance profile. A performance profile defines various performance criteria so that the select components operate to achieve a specific performance objective, such as performing high-speed computations, extending battery life, optimizing multimedia experiences, etc., while balancing power expenditures. Naturally, whether a computing device can meet a specific performance objective depends on the activity levels of its components as well as the rate at which power is being consumed to support those activity levels.
Again, data path controller 100 can adapt the manner in which it manages power consumption when new components are added to a computing device after the motherboard has been manufactured, unlike some conventional approaches in which power management of some later-added component might require a revision to the motherboard. Revisions to motherboards are costly and time-consuming. Moreover, GPIS ports 104 a, 104 b, and 104 c provide a set of configurable power-monitoring input/output ("I/O") ports for selecting a component with which to evaluate while managing power for the computing device. These ports provide a relatively high-degree of flexibility to select which component that power management controller 106 will evaluate for managing power, without requiring modifications to a motherboard. Also, the embedded power management functionality of data path controller 100 advantageously enables it to perform power management functions that otherwise are done by processor 102. This conserves computational resources of processor 102, thereby freeing it to perform other tasks. In addition, data path controller 100 can monitor activity levels and/or adjust operational characteristics to manage power consumption of the components while processor 102 is in an idle state (e.g., it is in a sleep mode or otherwise is in mode that does not permit execution of power management instructions). This enables a more comprehensive management of power unlike operating system ("OS")-based power management algorithms that rely on processor 102 to execute instructions. Moreover, data path controller 100 is well suited to monitor and react to power-related events in real-time or (nearly so) without being limited by the priorities of processor 102. Namely, processor 102 performs many different tasks that an OS-based power management algorithm must compete against to acquire processor cycles (i.e., program execution cycles) for power management purposes. Consequently, the data path controller does not encounter the delays inherent with OS-based power management algorithms when monitoring activity levels to either modify operational characteristics in the first mode, or correct noncompliant power-related events in the second mode. In some embodiments, the term activity level is a quantity (or range of quantities) describing a measurable quantity for a particular activity or load. For example, a cooling fan operates with an operational characteristic of revolutions-per-minute, or RPM. A specific RPM expresses a level of activity that can be monitored to ensure some particular performance is maintained. So if a processor heats up during high speed operation, the RPM can be monitored and modified to ensure proper cooling. Note that in at least one embodiment, power management controller 106 can control aspects other than power consumption, such as the thermal characteristics of a component. If a component is running at or near temperatures that might damage it or the computing device, power management controller 106 can take appropriate corrective action to reduce the temperatures by, for example, increasing the RPM of a fan, throttling back clock frequencies, decreasing voltage level, and the like.
Power management controller 106 is configured to implement the power management functions, in whole or in part, for data path controller 100 as well as the computing device in which it operates. As part of its power management responsibilities, power management controller 106 determines the activity level at which a component (not shown) is operating and/or whether the component is operating within a compliant range of activity. First, power management controller 106 monitors the activity levels of the component, such as the data being exchanged between a component and data path controller 100. By monitoring an activity level, power management controller 106 can at least determine whether that particular component is operating in a suboptimal manner with respect to power conservation. In the second mode of operation, power management controller 106 compares that monitored activity level to a threshold activity level set forth in the performance profile. If the monitored activity level is in concert with the performance profile, then no action need be taken to alter the activity level as monitored. But if the monitored activity level falls out of compliance, then power management controller 106 initiates corrective action. In some cases, that corrective action can include modifying the behavior of the noncompliant component so that it complies with its threshold activity level. In other cases, power management controller 106 can recalibrate activity levels of other less essential components to compensate for the increased activity level of the noncompliant component, especially when the noncompliant component is essential to meet the performance objective defined by the performance profile. Such recalibration maintains an overall power consumption of the computing device compliant with a global activity threshold or watermark.
Power management controller 106 includes a data store 110 for storing one or more performance profiles. In at least one embodiment, data path controller 100 includes a programming interface ("program interface") 103 configured to reprogram data store 110 to update stored performance profiles 110 to include a modified performance profile 111. For example, consider that that a new peripheral device (e.g., a new hard drive controller) is added to the existing components after data path controller 100 is coupled to processor 102 on a motherboard (not shown). Advantageously, programming interface 103 enables in-situ reprogramming of data store 110 so that data path controller 100 can remain in its operational position, such as mounted on a motherboard, without being disconnect from processor 102. Note that each of performance profiles 110 relates to different performance configurations (e.g., high-speed, low power, etc.). In one embodiment, bus 130 is configured to implement programming interface 103.
In various embodiments, performance profiles 110 include activity level thresholds as, for example, upper limits, lower limits and/or one or more ranges. A performance profile can include a data structure that describes the operational characteristics that the select components should have to comply with a performance profile. Examples of operational characteristics include voltages, frequencies, data throughput on buses, etc. For example, consider that a particular bus can have three ranges of activity levels (e.g., light, medium and heavy traffic). Depending on the monitored activity level of that bus, power management controller 106 in the first mode can adjust the width of the bus to the appropriate activity level, as set forth in one of performance profiles 110. Unused links in the bus then can be tri-stated to reduce unnecessary power consumption. One example of such a bus is one that implements a Peripheral Component Interconnect Express, or "PCIe" bus architecture. In some embodiments, each of performance profiles 110 can also include an algorithm for identifying a hierarchy of components from least essential to most essential for a particular performance profile. Then, the algorithm can adjust operational characteristics to decrease the activity levels of the least essential components (i.e., positioned lower in a hierarchy) before modifying the activity levels of the most essential components (i.e., positioned higher in the hierarchy). For example, a GPU might have a lower hierarchical position for a performance profile that optimizes music playback by a CD-ROM drive. As such, power management controller 106 will consider the GPU a candidate for reducing its activity level (i.e., its graphics pipeline are not essential to the playback of just music). But in other performance profiles 110, such as those emphasizing video play-back, the GPU would have a higher position in the hierarchy. In this case, power management controller 106 will adjust activity levels of other components that are subordinate to the GPU when minimizing power losses. Note that in some embodiments, one or more of GPIS ports 104 a, 104 b, 104 n, and 191 can be disposed either within power management controller 106 or external to data path controller 100, or both.
If a user wishes to operate a computing device at higher levels of performance, then power management controller 152 uses performance profile 160. That is, the user desires a higher performing computing device over one that minimizes power consumption (e.g., higher operating speeds are preferred over extending battery life). As such, performance profile 160 describes a range of frequencies 161 and a range of voltages for operating the processor at high-speeds, without necessarily conserving power. Range of frequencies 161 specifies processor operation between a lower frequency limit, F(L), and an upper frequency limit, F(U). Range of core voltages 162 specifies processor operation between a lower voltage limit, CV(L), and an upper voltage limit, CF(U). For this profile, the frequency values and core voltage values are generally high values to enable maximum performance (i.e., fastest instruction execution). Further, performance profile 160 specifies a "medium" priority 164 for operating the entire computer between a lower overall power consumption level, OP(L), and an upper overall power consumption level, OP(U). Since the computer has medium priority 164, power management controller 152 will not press to conserve overall power consumed by the computing device, unless, for example, thermal limits (not shown) of the profile are near noncompliant levels that might result in irreparable damage from excessive heating. The priorities of "high" for the frequencies and core voltages indicate that these operational characteristics are essential to the objective of profile 160. As such, power management controller 152 might consider modifying activity levels of devices having lower priorities, such as the disk drive, so that overall power consumption (or at the device level) to complies with profile 160.
But when power management controller 152 uses performance profile 170 to manage power, conserving power is relatively more important than performance. As such, performance profile 170 specifies that managing power consumption of the entire computer is a "high" priority 176. In particular, if the overall power consumption exceeds a power budget, or upper limit of OP(U) 178, then power management controller 152 will initiate power-conserving actions. For example, consider that the priorities of maintaining processor frequencies and core voltages within a first range 171 and a second range 172, respectively, are "low." Also, consider that range of activity 174 specifies hard drive activity (e.g., number of disk accesses per unit time) between a lower frequency limit, "no activity," and an upper frequency limit, "low activity." Power management controller 152 will shut down the hard drive if there is no activity to save power, whereas power management controller 152 will permit various amount of activity below an activity level threshold of "low activity," above which it institute power-conserving measures. Accordingly, if power management controller 152 detects that the disk drive is operating at higher than a "low activity" (i.e., an activity level threshold), then to comply with power budget 178, power management controller 152 might vary the operational characteristics of the processor rather than forcing the disk drive to comply. For instance, the power management controller 152 can decrease the frequency and/or core voltages so that the power budget 178 is not exceeded. In this example, processor frequency and core voltage are "less essential" to meeting the objective of profile 170, which is conserving power, and therefore are more apt to have their operational characteristics changed. Note that when a device is added, removed or substituted on the motherboard, the data store can be reprogrammed to modify the process in which the power management controller manages power.
Referring back to
Sequencer 204 is configured to initiate a sequence of events from the data path controller to a corresponding component. Notably, sequencer 204 can sequence through a number of values for a particular operating characteristic. For example, consider that sequencer 204 is coupled to a voltage regulator for powering a processor (e.g., a CPU core voltage, or Vcore) in discrete increments. Thus, sequencer 204 can step through sequenced events 205, 207, and 209 to respectively increase the voltage in steps of 1.5 volts, 2.5 volts and 3.3 volts. Of course, other components can be powered up and down with sequencer 204. Also, sequencer 204 can step through various levels of backlighting for an LCD display. In at least one embodiment, sequencer 204 is configured to initiate the sequenced events at a modified clock rate (or modified data rate) that is different (e.g., higher or lower) than the clock at which the power management controller operates. For example, consider that sequencer 204 is configured to drive a data signal onto a bus, such as a front-side bus or some other bus, where the bus has a different data transfer rate than the clock rate of the power management controller. In operation, sequencer 204 can step up (or down) the data transfer rate for an amount of time during which sequencer 204 is transmitting data. In some cases, the power management controller can also operate at a relatively higher (or lower) clock rate with the step up or down in the data transfer rate. Note that sequencer 204 need not be limited to only performing sequencing from lower to higher rates (or vice versa). Sequencer 204 can provide a sequence for any type of activity. Further, it can be implemented in hardware should a task be too cumbersome to do in software or over a few number of wires. Generally, however, sequencer 204 (or any other element of GPIS port 200) can be implemented in hardware, software, or a combination thereof.
Straight-through path 206 is configured to couple a data path controller and/or power management controller to a component. Accordingly, straight-through path 206 provides a "sideband" connection that is a direct connection to a component (i.e., it does not pass through a configuration register space or over a backbone bus, such as a front-side bus) to provide a relatively fast change to an operating characteristic. Such a sideband connection can deliver a command signal to, for example, disable a clock, gate a clock, slow down/speed up a clock, tri-state an interface, among other things. In some cases, straight-through path 206 can provide a voltage identification value (e.g., VID) to a power supply for a certain CPU.
In one embodiment, a data path controller can include any number of sequencers 204, straight-through paths 206 and load indicators 208 irrespective of whether each implemented within a GPIS port 200. In at least one embodiment, a collection of GPIS ports 200 can be configured to interconnect with a single component.
GPIS Interface 320 is configured to interface each component coupled though GPIS ports 304 to exchange data signals and power management signals, such as activity levels and control signals to adjust operational characteristics to, for example, place components in a low activity state (i.e., an idle state), such as in a first mode of operation. In a specific embodiment, one or more GPIS configuration data registers 322 to maintain data representing values for monitoring activity levels (e.g., to monitor power consumption) and data representing values for controlling (or adjusting) operational characteristics for components. For instance, one of GPIS configuration data registers 322 can store data representing a thermal value that was either measured by a load indictor via a GPIS port 304 or received via configuration interface 330. In some cases, GPIS configuration data registers 322 are accessible by a processor (not shown) providing for an OS-based power management algorithm or for other purposes.
Configuration interface 330 is configured to access external configuration registers via bus 302 to either read or write configuration data ("c.d.") 340 with GPIS configuration data registers 322. Examples of external configuration registers accessible by configuration interface 330 are the ones in a memory space (e.g., a PCI memory space, or as memory-mapped I/Os) or those that are equivalent to PCI configuration registers in a PCI device. In some cases, bus 302 is a front side bus ("FSB"), whereas in other cases, bus 302 is a HyperTransport (e.g., a Lightning Data Transport, or LDT) link. In other cases, bus 302 represents a root of a standard PCI bus.
Clock controller 360 is configured to provide modified clocking (e.g., under-clocking) for data transport. In some cases, clock controller 360 modifies the clock of power management controller 300 to a higher performance state rather than modifying the clock rate of a sequencer to speed up the rate at which it transports data. Prioritizer 350 is configured to prioritize power-related events to which power management controller 300 responds. Generally, the hierarchical priorities set forth by prioritizer 350 are defined, in whole or in part, by a given performance profile. In one embodiment, prioritizer 350 is an interrupt controller and the priorities are realized as hierarchical interrupts.
Comparator 506 compares a measured processor voltage ("CPUVID configuration data") against a processor voltage range ("CPUVID range"). If any of comparators 502, 504 and 506 determine that a threshold has been surpassed, arbiter 520 then generates a signal that is fed into arbiter 530. The signal is indicative of the non-complying power-related event. Comparator 508 compares a current processor state ("processor-state configuration data") against an updated processor state to determine whether the processor state has changed. Arbiter 530 supplies a trigger to arbiter 540, which is configured to detect a software ("SW") override request generated by a processor (not shown) to override the performance (or the power consumption) of a single component. Comparator 542 determines whether a global SW override request is pending. A processor generates a global SW override request when a group of components are to have their operating characteristics modified to, for example, comply with a performance profile. Thermal monitors 520 are configured to generate a thermal request when a certain temperature is detected. Arbiters 544 and 546 will override any previously discussed actions if the temperature violates a threshold. But if there are no thermal requests, then arbiters 544 and 546 respectively supply local sequencer 548 and global sequencer 550 with a request to take actions to either minimize power consumption or place components in compliance with a performance profile. As is witnessed, thermal requests have higher priorities over global SW override requests, which are higher in priority than local SW override requests. Likewise, the local SW override requests are of a higher priority over the other monitored activity levels.
The foregoing description, for purposes of explanation, used specific nomenclature to provide a thorough understanding of the invention. However, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that specific details are not required in order to practice the invention. In fact, this description should not be read to limit any feature or aspect of the invention to any embodiment; rather features and aspects of one embodiment may readily be interchanged with other embodiments. For example, although the above descriptions of the various embodiments relate to power management, the discussion is applicable to controlling components regardless of power consumption considerations. In particular, alternative embodiments of the power management controllers described herein can modify performance levels of individual components to achieve a collective performance level for the computing device on the whole, without considering the power consumed to do so.
Thus, the foregoing descriptions of specific embodiments of the invention are presented for purposes of illustration and description. They are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise forms disclosed; obviously, many modifications and variations are possible in view of the above teachings. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and its practical applications; they thereby enable others skilled in the art to best utilize the invention and various embodiments with various modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated. Notably, not every benefit described herein need be realized by each embodiment of the invention; rather any specific embodiment can provide one or more of the advantages discussed above. It is intended that the following claims and their equivalents define the scope of the invention.
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|U.S. Classification
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|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification
|Mar 24, 2006
Owner name: NVIDIA CORPORATION, CALIFORNIA
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:SIMERAL, BRAD W.;REED, DAVID G.;VYSHETSKY, DMITRY;AND OTHERS;REEL/FRAME:017378/0086
Effective date: 20060320
|Apr 24, 2009
Owner name: NVIDIA CORPORATION, CALIFORNIA
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:SURGUTCHIK, ROMAN;REEL/FRAME:022584/0753
Effective date: 20090402
|Sep 8, 2009
|Certificate of correction
|Jul 5, 2012
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 4
|Jul 22, 2016
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 8


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Civic chief wants dilapidated bldgs in island city to be vacated within 7 days
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South Mumbai highrise NOC: File with fire department's note goes missing
Apr 14, 2014The file comprising recommendation from a deputy chief fire officer to cancel the NOC granted to an under-construction highrise at Walkeshwar in Malabar Hill has mysteriously gone missing from the chief fire officer's cabin.
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LACEY TOWNSHIP - The Oyster Creek nuclear power plant will use an age-old method to clean up a radioactive water spill: For this plant and others like it, the solution to pollution is dilution.
Oyster Creek will soon begin pumping 25 to 50 gallons per minute from the Cape May and Cohansey aquifers to remove water contaminated with the radioactive material tritium. That amount is a trickle compared with the 115,000 to 460,000 gallons per minute that flows through the Ocean County plant to cool its radioactive core, owner Exelon Corp. said.
Exelon discovered on April 15, 2009, that an estimated 180,000 gallons of tritium-laced water had leaked from a pipe, seeping beneath the ground into two aquifers that supply drinking water to more than 1 million New Jersey residents.
The plume poses no immediate threat to any residents or sources of either public or private drinking water, the company says. But the state is forcing Exelon to address the pollution immediately.
The company will use the contaminated water in the plant's extensive cooling systems before discharging it with a flood of cooling water into a canal leading to Barnegat Bay. This effectively reduces the tritium's radioactivity to background levels considered safe for drinking or human exposure, company spokesman David Benson said.
Environmental groups question how federal regulators allowed the contamination to reach supplies of drinking water in the first place.
Cancer risk
Tritium, a naturally occurring isotope of hydrogen, is a byproduct of nuclear fission. Like other radioactive materials, it is carcinogenic. It loses half of its nuclear potency every 12.3 years, its half-life.
The spill at Oyster Creek - the nation's oldest, continuously operating nuclear plant - measured as high as 6 million picocuries in some monitoring wells, about 300 times the level the federal Environmental Protection Agency considers unsafe for drinking water. Since then, some of the drawn samples have fallen to safe levels during the past year, even without human intervention.
"This water will be extensively diluted as it cycles through the plant. The amount of tritium released will be indiscernible from background radiation levels," Benson said. "It won't impact the discharge canal or the Barnegat Bay."
The process is essentially the same one PSEG Nuclear has employed for years to clean up a 2002 spill of tritium at the Salem nuclear power plant in Lower Alloways Creek Township, Salem County. That spill at one point measured 15 million picocuries, the highest radiation level ever recorded in a tritium spill in the United States.
"The groundwater is pumped from the ground, sampled and routed to routine plant radioactive-waste processing equipment," PSEG spokesman Joseph Delmar said.
The water is diluted in the flow of the plant's cooling water that eventually gets pumped into the Delaware Bay.
"In terms of drinking water, the aquifer is within a considerable distance where no contamination is occurring," Delmar said.
When it comes to tritium, there are few good cleanup options. Tritium cannot be separated from water as easily as oil or other pollutants since tritiated water essentially is water. Russian scientists are studying a process called isotopic exchange to remove the tritium created by nuclear plants.
In the meantime, plants can store concentrations of tritium in one place and wait for the radiation to decay naturally over decades, a solution that carries its own risks of spills and accidents. Or they can dilute the tritium by adding more water - a solution considered safer and more practical.
"It allows you to control the release and monitor it," Delmar said.
Lax controls
Tritium leaks have been identified in 33 of the nation's 104 nuclear power plants and escaped into the groundwater at 27 of them, according to the Nuclear Regulatory Commission, the federal agency in charge of power plants.
The NRC conducted a hearing this month on groundwater contamination from tritium. Several independent groups criticized the agency for lax oversight of tritium spills.
"My greater concern is that the NRC is so asleep at the switch," said Jim Riccio, a nuclear analyst for Greenpeace in Washington, D.C. "They're playing the game that these spills are not safety-significant. But they violate the terms of the plant operating licenses. They can't have an uncontrolled discharge of radiation."
Riccio said tritium spills will continue to haunt the nuclear industry as aging power plants spring more leaks.
"It's a big issue in New Jersey. And it's a big issue in Illinois, where neighbors of one plant are still getting deliveries of bottled water," Riccio said. "Tritium is not as dangerous as other nasty radiocative material like cesium or strontium. But let's not forget that tritium causes cancer."
In a report this year titled "Regulatory Roulette," the nonprofit Union of Concerned Scientists based in Washington, D.C., said the NRC was inconsistent in enforcing rules and imposing sanctions over spills.
"It's not that the NRC isn't capable of sanctioning. It's that sometimes they do and sometimes they don't," report author David Lochbaum said. "In my mind, I picture a wheel of misfortune the NRC spins. It seems random."
Lochbaum, who formerly worked at the Hope Creek nuclear plant in Salem County, said the agency favors a policy of encouraging voluntary compliance.
"They don't want to discourage owners from putting in monitoring wells to find leaks they might have," he said.
In New Jersey, this hands-off approach has had mixed results. Exelon Corp. installed more monitoring wells and drafted its remediation plan only after the state Department of Environmental Protection imposed the Spill Act more than a year after the company first reported the leak to the NRC.
But since then, Exelon Corp. has invested $12 million to replace old pipes at Oyster Creek and elevate them above ground or place them in vaults to prevent future spills - or at least detect and contain them more quickly.
Beyond Nuclear, an anti-nuclear group from Tacoma, Md., said the example Oyster Creek is setting is a model for the industry. The NRC should force all power plants to do likewise, said Paul Gunter, director of reactor oversight for the group.
"These are not chocolate factories," Gunter said. "Once this radioactivity gets into the groundwater, it's elusive and has a cumulative effect on future generations."
Beyond Nuclear published a critique of the NRC's handling of groundwater contamination.
"The common theme is the NRC is basically deferring its regulatory responsibility to an industry that was caught covering up leaks," group spokesman Paul Gunter said. "You don't give the cheating class a take-home exam."
Leaks 'unacceptable'
Industry officials dismiss any suggestion that NRC oversight is not tight enough.
"The nuclear industry is one of the most heavily regulated industries in the United States," Oyster Creek's Benson said. "We are under constant scrutiny. They have two resident inspectors who are here on site and can look at anything at any time."
NRC spokesman Neil Sheehan said the agency in 2000 began addressing nuclear safety based less on imposing fines and penalties and more on minimizing health and safety risks.
To that end, the agency considers the risk a spill poses to workers and the public in prioritizing action. In the Oyster Creek case, there was little exposure risk since the plume had not migrated off-site, and estimates said it would not do so for many years.
"We didn't see any risk that the contamination would affect the public," Sheehan said. "To say we have not applied a high degree of scrutiny on this would not be accurate."
The industry voluntarily agreed to develop plans by next June detailing how nuclear plants will prevent future spills by inspecting the miles of underground pipes that carry tritium. And Sheehan said some spills were only detected because plants took voluntary precautions to install new monitoring wells that were not required by federal law.
Sheehan said Exelon - which owns more nuclear power plants than any other company in America - plans to use Oyster Creek as a model for its other plants by move all piping aboveground or in concrete vaults to prevent leaks.
"Tritium leaks are unacceptable," Benson said. "It's our responsibility and obligation to address that."
Lacey Township Mayor Gary Quinn said he is confident in the oversight provided by the NRC and the state.
"We went through the whole relicensing process with the NRC and the plant. Certainly, we have the utmost confidence they're on top of this," he said.
Contact Michael Miller:


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To help industry improve its competitiveness and plan for the future, we collect data and conduct research on industry performance, consumer behaviour and social and demographic trends.
Queensland AgTrends report
'Queensland AgTrends' includes the latest economic forecasts and trends in Queensland agricultural, fisheries and forestry production.
The report provides gross value of production forecasts for each of Queensland's major primary industry commodities, as well as forecasts for first-round processing activities. The main edition of 'Queensland AgTrends' contains initial forecasts for the most recent financial year and is published annually.
These forecasts are then reviewed during the year. Changes to the initial forecasts are reported six months later in the subsequent edition of 'AgTrends update'.
Key forecasts: October 2016 update for the 2016-17 financial year
In October 2016, the total value of Queensland's primary industry commodities for 2016–17 (comprising GVP at the farm gate and first-round processing) was forecast to be $18.55 billion. This is 6 per cent greater than the final forecast reported in April 2016 and 15 per cent greater than the average for the past 5 years.
Gross value of production ('farm gate') outlook
In October 2016, the 2016 – 17 GVP of Queensland's primary industry commodities at the farm gate was forecast to be nearly $14.55 billion. This is 6 per cent greater than the final estimate reported in April 2016, and 14 per cent greater than the average for the past 5 years.
Get a copy of the report
Previous reports
- Queensland AgTrends April 2016 update
- Queensland AgTrends 2015-16
- Queensland AgTrends April 2015 update
- Queensland AgTrends 2014-15
- Queensland AgTrends April 2014 update
- Queensland AgTrends (October 2013) (PDF, 2.4MB)
- Queensland AgTrends 2012-13, April 2013 update (PDF, 337.8KB)
Further information
- Contact our Customer Service Centre


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(Lam. 4:3), the rendering of Hebrew pl. enim; so called from its greediness and gluttony. The allusion here is to the habit of the ostrich with reference to its eggs, which is thus described: "The outer layer of eggs is generally so ill covered that they are destroyed in quantities by jackals, wild-cats, etc., and that the natives carry them away, only taking care not to leave the marks of their footsteps, since, when the ostrich comes and finds that her nest is discovered, she crushes the whole brood, and builds a nest elsewhere." In Job 39:13 this word in the Authorized Version is the rendering of a Hebrew word (notsah) which means "feathers," as in the Revised Version. In the same verse the word "peacocks" of the Authorized Version is the rendering of the Hebrew pl. renanim, properly meaning "ostriches," as in the Revised Version. (See OWL.)
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I love a good, moist gluten-free brownie. I mean, when chocolate's involved, what's not to love? I've made loads of "regular" brownies in my lifetime. However, I wanted to step my chocolate game up a … [Read more...]
Homemade Gluten-Free Chicken Breakfast Sausage
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With this month's box from American Gluten Free, Thanksgiving dinner is a snap! I was so excited to see multi-grain roll mix from Bella Gluten-Free. I love trying new things from this box. My husband … [Read more...]


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|Reviews for Visit to a Weird 'Verse, Rerevisited
| theknights91 chapter 6 . 3/2/2014
8 years too late but damn this is one of the best fics I've read in a long time!
| ebfiddler chapter 6 . 11/29/2012
Just finished reading this over at fireflyfans, but came here to add to my short list of favorites. Love the idea, and it was superbly executed. Awesome, awesome fic.
| Xiao Bi chapter 6 . 5/22/2011
Man, this story really is quite amazing. I mean, seems like it'd be cliche from the plot, but the execution is nothing short of astounding.
| Kimberly T chapter 6 . 5/2/2011
This... was... AWESOME! I just have to believe that Nathan Fillion himself would approve!
| Kaylee Tam chapter 6 . 12/23/2010
Thank you.
This story is amazing, and everything it should be. It's beautiful. :')
All it needs is a Mal-POV sequel. ;DDD
I thought of writing something like this, but I didn't feel comfortable writing Nathan - I haven't seen very many interviews with him, though I was in the same room as him twice... But as far as I'm concerned, you wrote this perfectly. It was a fantastic read.
| Kaylee Tam chapter 2 . 12/22/2010
It's funny, because it's the end of the chapter!
Ok, I'll finish the story now...
| Ardwolf chapter 6 . 12/31/2009
*Excellent* work!
Dunno much about Nathan the actor, but as Mal he stayed in character extremely well-and that's difficult to do. River was really good as well, and Kaylee was pitch perfect. In fact all the Firefly characters were pretty much dead on. Your portrayal of Inara was eye-opening, showing the power she wields and her interaction with Mal was just marvelous.
Very, very, well done all around!
| Tyloric chapter 6 . 1/14/2009
This fanfic is just... beautiful. I wish it were longer because I just...
| Unmentionable Squick chapter 6 . 10/12/2008
I'm not one for RPF, and haven't been on for a long while, but let me just say that this story makes me glad I stopped to read. Amazing voices, fun concept. The works. I'd love to see more with Mal v. Nathan, or even a short of Mal in Nathan's world. That said, it works amazingly as a self-contained thing, and feels wholly complete. Beautiful job. Thank you greatly. It made my night. :D
| Morgan5318 chapter 6 . 11/13/2007
I remember reading "Visit to a Small Planet" and "Visit to a Small Planet Revisited" many years ago when I was first getting into fandom. Back then, Trek fandom was about all there was. This was a wonderful trip down memory lane, and even surpassed the original story in many ways. Great story, told well. Keep up the good work, and keep writing!
| Neon Kitsune chapter 1 . 7/14/2007
Gorgeous, I have to say. Your dialogue was spot-on, I loved the way poor Nathan kept getting sucked into Mal's headspace, and it even had a very show-like plot. What's *not* to love?
I realize that, a year and more later, we're not likely to see an epilogue nor a compainion piece, but a girl can dream...
| Inksoul chapter 6 . 5/31/2007
I LOVED IT, it was so good! It seemed to me that you've really got Nathan down. Good job!
| Mokibobolink chapter 6 . 11/8/2006
Wow! What a great concept and I must say extremely well written. I found the dialogue very much in character (meaning the actual characters, not Nathan of course as I have no more idea of his character than any of us) and with just the right amount of wit and action to fit right in to the Firefly universe.
Also makes me excited for this year's Flanvention...wink, wink. :o)
| garden-crafter chapter 6 . 10/1/2006
Way cool ... Mal finding himself at a convention and having everyone thinking that he was Nathan-playing-Mal. Very shiny !
| garden-crafter chapter 5 . 10/1/2006
Nice plot twist to get him out of trouble with the Larkins !