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New Zealand Adventure Southbound (ex Auckland)From US$ 5,480 per person
- No booking or credit card fees
- E-ticket/Mobile voucher
- The national parks of Abel Tasman and Tongariro feature some of the best scenery in New Zealand. Venture out on challenging treks or simply sit back and take in the views - it's up to you
- Share amazing moments with your fellow travellers. As you'll be in a small group, the trip retains a fun, personalised atmosphere throughout
- Tour a network of caves in Waitomo and witness nature's illumination in a section lit up with glow worms
- Spend several nights in Queenstown, New Zealand's adventure capital, where's you'll have tonnes of time to explore
Explore and experience New Zealand to the fullest, from the secluded beaches and volcanic craters of the north to the glaciers, mountains and fjords in the south. Adventure activities abound throughout the trip - sea kayaking and snorkelling, underground black-water rafting, bungy jumping, jet boating, mountain biking and kayaking. From Auckland to Christchurch and everything in between, this journey has New Zealand covered.
- Lodge (20 nts), Overnight boat (1 nt)
- 15 Breakfasts & 4 Dinners
- Ferry, Van
- One group leader will accompany you on this tour. The aim of the group leader is to take the hassle out of your travels and to help you to have the best possible trip
- Waitomo - Caves Entrance
- Rotorua - Te Puia Maori Art & Cultural Centre
- Wellington - Te Papa Museum
- Scenic Cruise via Queen Charlotte Sounds
- Kaikoura Seal Colony
- Pancake Rocks and Blowhole
- Kiwi House
- Arrowtown Tour
- Lake Matheson
- International Flights
- Any international flights to Auckland and from Christchurch are not included in this price. We always recommend that you arrive 1 day prior to your tour starting date.
- Travel Insurance
- Travel insurance is not included in this New Zealand Adventure Southbound (ex Auckland) tour. Travel insurance is mandatory to buy. We recommend purchasing it from World Nomads.
- Best price guarantee
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The New Zealand Adventure Southbound (ex Auckland) tour requires that you have a travel insurance covering emergency evacuation and repatriation.Payment
Bookmundi only requires a deposit of 250 USD to confirm this tour. For any departures before 26 June 2017 full payment is required.Visa
For this New Zealand Adventure Southbound (ex Auckland) tour getting the required visa(s) is the responsibility for each individual traveller, as visa requirements vary depending on your nationality. We recommend to check with your local embassies representing the countries that you are travelling to, as part of this itinerary.


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Doctor insights on:
Can Someone Please Explain Hypoglycemia Causes To Me
Can someone please explain hypoglycemia causes to me?
Multiple causes: The most common cause of hypoglycemia (low blood glucose) is use of diabetes drugs (such as Insulin or sulfonylureas). There are also many other forms of hypoglycemia: due to organ underfunctioning (adrenal, pituitary, heart, liver, kidney, thyroid), other drugs (beta blockers, salicylates, etc), tumors (insulin- and non-insulin secreting), post-meal (dumping syndrome, reactive), among others.... ...Read more
Could hypoglycemia cause an elder person to think a family member is someone else? Is this included in the "confusion" it may cause?
Possible: The elderly are very susceptible to things like this. However, this is not typical. If this kind of behavior continues, first check their serum glucose and if this is normal, look beyond this. Your pcp can check a mini mental exam for instance. Perhaps it could be a sign of early dementia. ...Read more
What causes ?Hypoglycemia?
Usually sugar intake: Eat only meat or fish or cheese or eggs or poultry and low starch veggies, drink only water. In other words avoid all carbs, carbs will only briefly raise your sugar levels and then your Insulin levels. The fats in the meat or fish or cheese or eggs or poultry will act like a "log on your metabolic fire" to keep your blood sugar stable for hours without raising insulin. ...Read moreSee 1 more doctor answer
What can cause hypoglycemia?
4 things: People tend to have a genetic predisposition to having it but the 4 things i found that make it worse are: 1. Eating sugar 2. Not eating often enough 3. Not eating protein often enough 4. Food sensitivities. ...Read moreSee 1 more doctor answer
How does fasting cause hypoglycemia?
It should not: When your pancreas and liver are functioning properly, fasting should not cause hypoglycemia. If fasting causes hypoglycemia in you, you should be seen by your endocrinologist for further evaluation. Frequently we find there wasn't true hypoglycemia and something else was happening. ...Read more
Can endometorisis cause hypoglycemia.
No: The two are unrelated.Get a more detailed answer ›
What are the general causes of hypoglycemia?
Not enough protein: Generally not eating enough protein and consistently and eating carbohydrate will cause a surge in Insulin that will drive your blood sugar into the cells causing a sudden drop in the sugar levels in the blood causing a lower blood sugar or hypoglycemia. ...Read moreSee 1 more doctor answer
What are the possible causes of hypoglycemia?
Hypglycemia: Sulfonylureas or Insulin or insulinoma.Get a more detailed answer ›
Can eating dinner only a day cause hypoglycemia?
No: You may feel tired and lethargic, but one meal only a day does not cause significant low blood sugars . Though eating one meal a day does not cause low blood sugars- it is not healthy do that . You should eat 3meals/day in moderate amount rather than 1 meal/day. ...Read more
Can not eating enough cause hypoglycemia in young adults?
Hypoglycemia: Probably not but you MUST eat regularly and enough! ...Read more
- Talk to a doctor live online for free
- Can someone please explain hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia?
- Can you please tell me what time is it?
- Please explain how can i control and manage diabetes type 1
- Ask a doctor a question free online
- Can someone at the hospital explain the autopsy report?
- Please explain arnold chiari syndrome
- Can seroquel cause hypoglycemia?
- Can dehydration cause hypoglycemia?
- Talk to a diabetes specialist online for free

subset: commoncrawl


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Well, I am two classes away from finishing the MLIS degree!! Yea. After tomorrow night, I am officially a nonstudent until August. What will I do??? I can think of a few things!
So far, nothing all that new to report. I did make an interesting discovery on the internet, though. For two years, I have been searching for any kind of reference to this computer game I played years ago when we had an Apple IIE. (See this link: http://www.the-underdogs.org/game.php?id=113) could never remember the name of it...I could only remember that the character lived in a tree, climbed vines, gathered food, and went underground. Anyway, I finally found out the name the other night: Below the Root!!!I loved that game...and apparently so did a lot of people...even more so now because no one can find it anywhere. There is a place to download it, but I will try that later. The thing about the game was that it sucked you into this fantasy world created by Zilpha Keatly Snyder (the author of Below the Root--the book). It was an extremely hard game to win...I never did...but, then, I was only seven.
Well, if anyone comes across a legitimate copy of the game, let me know. I will love you forever.


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Nicky Nutz, who turns eleven this very morning, is not a happy camper. And not just because his birthday is a sad reminder of the freaky car accident that took his mom
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Grizzly | Model: H9802
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Music ›
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Joy P.
Joy P.
Deland, FL
About Joy P.
Background check: Last verified 06/09/2016
Joy passed a background check on 06/09/2016 that included the following:
- National Criminal Record Check
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- SSN Trace & Verification
Joy teaches: Ages 4 and up
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Teaching since: August 2008
Last sign in: Last week
Joy is a local performing musician and experienced music teacher, teaching piano, voice, guitar, songwriting, or any combination of the above. She has been known for her vocal instruction as the "Magic Maker" for being able to fix vocal problems that have stumped other teaching taking on freelance cases including working for community theater. She loves working with all ages and believes music is a skill anyone can learn.
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Professional MusicianAug 2012 - Present
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|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|Dec 16, 1997
|Filing date
|Jun 7, 1995
|Priority date
|Jul 1, 1994
|Fee status
|Also published as
|Publication number
|Richard L. Guldi, Robert F. Kunesh
|Original Assignee
|Texas Instruments Incorporated
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (7), Referenced by (29), Classifications (9), Legal Events (3)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
This is a division of application Ser. No. 08/269,737, filed Jul. 1, 1994, now U.S. Pat. No. 5,510,205.
This invention generally relates to a method and apparatus for an improved wafer cleaner for use in fabricating wafers such as the semiconductor wafers used for integrated circuits and electronic devices.
This application is related to U.S. patent application Ser. No. 08/269,717 filed Jul. 1, 1994, entitled "Rotational Megasonic Cleaner/Etcher for Wafers".
Without limiting the scope of the invention, the background is described in reference to the wafer cleaning process steps in an integrated circuit production facility. Semiconductor devices are typically fabricated on a circular semiconductor substrate called a wafer. The circuitry for the electronic devices is fabricated on a wafer of semiconductor material using photolithography and vapor phase deposition techniques, and also selective etching techniques. Many electronic devices are produced on a single wafer. After the individual devices are completely fabricated, the wafer is cut into the individual die.
The wafers used in the fabrication of semiconductor devices are typically circular and quite thin. One problem which arises in producing circuitry on the circular wafers is that particulate matter which accumulates on the outer edge and the outer circumference of the wafer, in areas where no circuitry is defined, migrates into the areas where circuitry is being defined. Particles left on wafers will be redistributed during wafer processing and will move onto active die in the area of the wafer that is used for production. These particles cause defects in the circuitry being defined on the wafer. As device geometries continue to shrink, these particles will become larger compared with the device geometries and the defects will correspondingly be more critical. These defects result in nonfunctional electronic devices, which reduce the unit yield per wafer and correspondingly increase the cost of production per unit.
Known prior art cleaning systems use a cleaning solution in a tank coupled with a megasonic transducer to remove particulate matter from top and bottom interior surfaces of the wafers. These known systems fail to adequately address the problem of removing particulate matter from the outer edge and outer circumference of the wafers. In known systems, the wafers are placed in the tank of cleaning chemicals and the tank is excited by energy radiating from the megasonic transducer, which increases the rate of particle removal. Because the wafers are placed in the tank in a vertical orientation, some parts of the wafer are farther away from the megasonic energy source than others. Typically the transducer is located at the bottom of the tank and the energy radiates from it. This results in a nonuniform cleaning rate from the bottom of the wafers to the top. As wafers increase in size to accommodate larger circuits and increasing integration, these effects will increase in significance. Known cleaning systems correct for this nonuniform effect by using more processing time than that required at the areas closer to the transducer in order to extend the proper cleaning results to those areas farther away. In spite of this, the wafers are cleaned nonuniformly.
Additional particle problems arise because the wafers are stored in carriers or boats. In the megasonic processing tanks of the prior art, the wafers are placed into the tank while residing in a wafer boat. Each wafer rests within grooves that separate the wafers and prevent them from colliding as they are moved. The wafers are vertically oriented within the boat. The sides and a small portion of the bottoms of the wafers are therefore contacting the boat. These surfaces are not cleaned efficiently by the megasonic processing tanks of the prior art, because they are essentially dead spots. Particles trapped in these places are not effectively removed because the megasonic energy is partially blocked and because the particles are trapped between the wafers and the boat. Another area of the wafers that is not well cleaned by the cleaner configurations of the prior art is the top edge of the wafers. The tops edges of the wafers facing away from the transducer do not receive direct line of sight megasonic energy and therefore are not cleaned as effectively as the bottom edge. Particles left in these places will migrate to the active areas of the wafer and become particle defects in the wafer when the wafer is further processed.
Some known systems move wafers about in the tanks during cleaning but none address the problem associated with nonuniform exposure to the megasonic energy source or the spaces between the wafer edge and the boats. Prior art approaches include moving the boats from side to side with a mechanism in the tank or using a robot arm to move the carrier during processing. These approaches risk additional particle contamination within the tank by introducing additional surfaces into the tank. Further, using the robot arms in automated process flows to move the wafers and boat could require that the robot am move the wafers during the entire megasonic processing cycle, which ties up the robot arm and decreases overall process flow throughput. The robot arm is typically used for many tasks, including moving the wafers into the megasonic tank. If the robot arm is required to stay in place throughout the megasonic cycle, the overall throughput of the system is decreased. Other tasks for the robot arm are now required to be deferred until after the megasonic processing is completed.
The nonuniform results of known prior art megasonic processes are detectable with current technology wafers of 4 or 6 inches, and will become even more pronounced with 8 inch or larger wafers as the standard. Larger wafers are being contemplated, which will make particle defects more critical still. The invention of this application addresses the nonuniform cleaning rates and the extended processing times for obtaining acceptable results with prior art megasonic cleaning and etching systems, and the particles left in place in prior art wafer cleaning and etching systems.
Generally, and in one form of the invention, an improved wafer cleaner is described which features a wafer rotation system. Wafers are loaded into a standard wafer carrier, or boat, which has grooves separating the wafers and supports the wafers at their edges while exposing the bottom and tops of the wafers. Solution for processing the wafers is added to a processing tank. The carrier and wafers are loaded into the tank and the wafers and carrier are immersed in the solution. In a preferred embodiment the tank contains a megasonic transducer, but some solutions will operate with the invention without a transducer. Nozzles located along the bottom of the tank are used to direct the pressurized solution or a pressurized inert gas at the wafers at an angle designed to cause the wafers to rotate within their position in the carrier. If present, the megasonic transducer is activated. The rotation of the wafers ensures that each wafer is uniformly exposed to the solution and the megasonic energy of the transducer during the processing time. The solution is recirculated and filtered to remove particles from the solution. The rotating wafers experience a uniform cleaning rate due to the rotation which exposes all surfaces to the solution and also to the energy directly above the megasonic source.
After a rotation cycle, a second set of nozzles designed to produce a vertical laminar flow is used to force any loose particulate which resides in the tank upwards and over the side of a weir in tank in which the carrier or boat rests. The particles are then collected by the recirculating pump and trapped in the filter. The wafer rotation cycle can then be repeated to remove more particles. The processing tank of the invention can also be used to clean particles from empty wafer carriers to further reduce the particles in a process flow. The nozzles are directed at the grooved sides of the empty wafer carrier where particles are likely to become deposited with use of the wafer carrier, the megasonic transducer is activated and the carrier is thereby cleaned. Again, the megasonic transducer is preferred, but not required. Other embodiments are described as well.
In the drawings:
FIG. 1 depicts a first view of a first embodiment of the rotational wafer cleaner of the invention;
FIG. 2 depicts a second view of the rotational cleaner of the invention;
FIG. 3 depicts a third view of the rotational cleaner of the invention;
FIG. 4 depicts a first view of a second preferred embodiment of the rotational cleaner of the invention;
FIG. 5 depicts a second view of the rotational cleaner of FIG. 4; and
FIG. 6 depicts a third view of the rotational cleaner of FIG. 4.
A first preferred embodiment wafer cleaning device is a wafer carrier and a processing tank. A megasonic transducer is preferably placed in the tank but not required. This system can be used to clean wafers and for processing steps used in fabricating semiconductor devices. Typical processing steps where the preferred embodiment can be used include general wafer cleaning, local interconnect wet etch processing, and excess Ti/TiN strip after TiSi2 silicide formation. During the cleaning or processing step, the wafers are rotated inside the wafer carrier by directing pressurized solution through nozzles directed at an angle to the bottom edge of the wafers. This rotation enhances the efficiency and uniformity of the cleaning action because all of the areas of the wafers are exposed to the solution and to the energy from the megasonic transducer within the cleaning tank in a uniform manner, so that a uniform clean rate occurs. The rotation moves the wafers within the grooves in the carrier, so that areas otherwise blocked off from the megasonic energy are all exposed directly to the transducer.
A second preferred embodiment wafer cleaner and carrier includes a rotational cleaning tank which has a pressurized gas source coupled to the rotational nozzles for an enhanced particle removal system. In this embodiment, a filter and pump are used for laminar flow, and a inert gas system is used to rotate the wafers. After the wafers are rotated in the solution for a time, it is expected that particles will be dislodged and will be present in the tank. The rotation nozzles are deactivated and the laminar flow nozzles are activated to displace any particles away from the bottom of the tank and grooves of the boats, and upwards over a weir within the tank. Once the particles are lifted over the weir, the recirculation pump and filter are used to remove the particles from the solution. Preferably a megasonic transducer is included, and again the rotation action uniformly exposes the wafers to the energy from the megasonic transducer. If desired, additional rotation and laminar flow cycles can then be applied to the wafers to achieve the level of particle removal desired for a particular process flow.
FIG. 1 depicts a first view of the processing tank 1 of the preferred embodiment. The wafer carrier 3 is a preferably a known wafer carrier or boat which is open at the top and bottom and separates the wafers by grooves. One wafer could be cleaned using the system of the invention, but typically economies of scale dictate batches of wafers are cleaned to take advantage of the chemicals and solutions. Other wafer carriers could be used so long as the carriers are open at the top and bottom and the wafers can freely turn within the carrier. Tank 1 comprises sides 5, bottom 7, weir 9, nozzles 11, filter 13, pump 15, recirculation inlet 17, valve 14, and recirculation jets 16. Megasonic transducer 18 is preferably included, but the invention will operate and advantageously clean the wafers without it.
Tank 1 is preferably rectangular in shape, but other shapes are possible alternatives so long as they will receive the boat 3. Weir 9 is a rectangular area within tank 1 and having sides that are taller than the top of the wafers resting in the wafer carrier 3, but lower than the sides of tank 1. Weir 9 could also take other shapes so long as the boat or carrier 3 will fit within it. A megasonic transducer 18 is optionally located on the bottom of weir 9. Alternatively, the transducer 18 could be located at the bottom of tank 1. The transducer is a source of megasonic energy, usually classified as energy in the range of 800 kHz to 2-3 MHZ. Recirculation jets 16 are located at the bottom corners of weir 9, in the preferred embodiment shown here two jets are used, but more or less are feasible alternatives. Valve 14 is used to direct the pressure from pump 15 to either recirculation jets 15 or rotation nozzles 11.
In operation, a cleaning or processing solution is added to the tank 1 and fills weir 9 . This may be accomplished by fill and recirculation nozzles 16 located within the tank, by an inlet line coupled to pump 17, or by an external nozzle means. Once weir 9 is filled with the solution for the particular processing step, boat or carrier 3 is loaded with wafers and introduced into the tank and immersed in the solution in weir 9. If megasonic transducer 18 is included, the megasonic transducer 18 is activated to emit megasonic energy towards the wafers.
Pump 15 is now used to drive pressurized solution taken from solution inlet 17 out through filter 13 and nozzles 11. Valve 14 directs the pressurized solution to nozzles 11 during this operation. The pressure should be high enough to create a sufficient force to begin rotation of the wafers in boat 3. Rotation rates of approximately 2 revolutions per minute have been observed using a pump and filter having a flow rate of 3-4 liters/minute and using nozzles 1/4"in diameter, with wafers that are 150 mm in diameter. The nozzles 11 are angled to the wafer, the most effective angles observed were 20-40 degrees. A tangential flow also produced rotation with sufficient pressure. A high rate of rotation is not required so long as the wafers are moved so that the outside edge of each wafer is exposed directly to the solution and, if present, to transducer 18 and the megasonic energy. This is important because the boat 3 material blocks the megasonic energy, and fluid flow, to those areas of the wafer which are not directly above the transducer. The edges of the wafers are particularly important, because the edges are typically not polished and are therefore more likely to trap particles. By rotation the entire outside edge of each wafer is directly exposed to the energy output by the transducer, and the wafers are moved in the grooves or the boat, which should disturb particles resting between the wafer and the grooved areas of the boat, so that both the boat and the wafers are simultaneously cleaned. Alternatively, the wafers could be rotated in a stepwise fashion. This alternative involves using pump 15 and nozzles 11 to move the wafers a predetermined part of a rotation, then allowing them to rest, then repeating the cycle until the entire area of the wafer is exposed directly to the energy from the megasonic energy source.
While the high pressure nozzles 11 will rotate the wafers, they also will create eddy currents within the tank. These currents will create dead spots in the tank 1 generally at the bottom of weir 9. Particles removed from the wafers which are not pushed out of the weir 9 into tank 1 will tend to accumulate in the center of the bottom of weir 9. It is important that these particles be removed from the solution before the wafers are removed from the tank.
Once the cleaning cycle has taken place for a predetermined time, the rotation nozzles 11 will be deactivated. Valve 14 is now moved to its second position. Pump 15 and filter 13 are now used to drive the recirculation jets 16. As an alternative, two separate pump and filter combinations could be used, one for laminar flow and one for rotational flow. Recirculation jets 16 provide a low pressure flow which extends throughout the weir 9 and moves particles which have accumulated on the bottom of the tank upwards and over the top edge of weir 9. After being pushed out of the weir 9 the particles will be drawn into inlet 17 and trapped within the filter media in filter 13. It is important to perform this step with the wafers in place so that the particles are removed before the wafers are removed from the tank 1. If the wafers are removed before the particle removal cycle is performed the particles will tend to be redeposited on the wafers, most of the redeposition occurring at the surface of the tank due to surface tension effects. To be most effective pump 15 may require two speeds, a high pressure speed for driving the rotation nozzles 11, and a lower pressure speed for driving the laminar flow recirculation jets 16. It is important that the laminar flow jets 16 be operated at a lower pressure to create an upwards lift without producing any eddy currents, which tend to trap particles. An iterative cycle of wafer rotation, followed by laminar flow, followed by wafer rotation, could be employed to achieve the desired level of particle removal. If two pumps are used, the laminar flow jets 16 are preferably left on continuously while the rotational nozzles are cycled on and off.
Various solutions can be used in the megasonic processing tank, depending on the stage of the wafer processing. Before any deposition is made on the wafer, a solution of NH4, H2 O2 and water is an excellent choice for particle removal. Deionized water can be used once structures which are vulnerable to cleaning chemicals and acids have been deposited upon the wafer, however its effectiveness is limited by high surface tension and the fact that it does no etching. For other stages, other solutions are used. Typical solutions which may be used include so called piranha solutions, solutions of sulfuric acid, H2 SO4 and peroxide H2 O2 in water, solutions comprised of ammonia and hydrogen peroxide, NH4 OH and H2 O2 in water, solutions including hydrogen fluoride, HF, buffered solutions including buffered HF solutions, solutions of hydrochloric acid and hydrogen peroxide, solutions of phosphoric acid and other alternatives for these are all suitable for certain stages of wafer processing. If the megasonic transducer is used, the megasonic energy speeds up the action of the cleaner solution and thereby improves particle removal. However, many solutions are effective in the absence of megasonic energy. To remove nitride, for example, a high temperature phosphoric acid bath is used. Rotation of the wafers exposes areas otherwise hidden by the boats and thereby improves particle removal.
Alternative configurations of nozzles 11 could be used in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1. Experimental use has demonstrated that an increased rate of rotation is achieved when the nozzles are pointed not just directly at the bottom edge of the wafers, but also angled to the faces of the wafers so that the pressurized solution contacts the backside surface as well as the wafer edge. FIG. 1 depicts a plurality of nozzles, each directed at one of the wafers. This embodiment could further be enhanced by providing another valve system coupled to the nozzles 11 so that only one or a small group of the nozzles is active at one time. By splitting the rotation of the wafers up into groups, a lower volume pump could be used with good effect, so long as the pressure directed at the wafer or wafers being rotated is sufficient.
FIG. 2 depicts a side view of one embodiment of the processing tank of FIG. 1, and again having sides 5, weir 9, filter 13, pump 15, inlet 17, bottom 7, boat 3, nozzles 11, recirculation jets 16, valve 14 and showing optional megasonic transducer 18. FIG. 2 shows a funnel shaped member directed at all of the wafers in boat 3 through slots or openings which make up nozzles 11. This is a simple means to provide the nozzles 11. Alternatives which will also provide the advantages of the invention include a valved multiple nozzle system as discussed above, where individual or small groups of nozzles are ganged together, or splitting up the single funnel and nozzle system of FIG. 2 into two or three funnels and nozzles to reduce the maximum load on pump 15.
FIG. 3 depicts an end view of the processing tank 1 of FIG. 1 or FIG. 2. Again, pump 15, filter 13, inlet 17, and nozzle 11 are shown in tank 1 which has bottom 7, sides 5, and weir 9. Boat 3 is shown and the arrows indicate the flow of solution within the tank. Megasonic transducer 18 is located at the inside surface of weir 9. Recirculation jets 16 are located in the bottom comers of weir 9.
In the embodiment where the megasonic transducer is used, the transducer 18 is long enough to radiate energy at each of the wafers while the rotation takes place. The rotation of the wafers over the transducer is an improvement over the prior art megasonic tanks, where there are areas of the wafers which are never directly exposed to the megasonic energy. The boat 3 is open at the bottom so that the edges of the rotating wafers are directly exposed to transducer 18.
FIG. 4 depicts a view of another preferred embodiment. Tank 21 comprises sides 23, bottom 25, weir 29, filter 37, pump 39, recirculation inlet 27, carrier 47, recirculation inlet 41 coupled to laminar flow jets 43, all arranged as before, and inlet 33 which is coupled to nozzles 31. A high pressure gas source, such as the nitrogen gas typically available in wafer processing areas, is coupled to inlet 33. Optional transducer 45 is shown at the bottom of weir 29.
FIG. 5 depicts a side view of the preferred embodiment of FIG. 4. Tank 21 again comprises sides 23, bottom 25, weir 29, recirculation inlet 27, nozzles 31, gas inlet 33, filter 37, pump 39, recirculation inlet 41 coupled to laminar flow jets 43, and boat 47. Optional transducer 45 is also depicted.
FIG. 6 depicts an end view of the preferred embodiment of FIGS. 4 and 5. The elements and numbers are common to those shown in FIGS. 4 and 5.
In operation, the preferred embodiment of FIGS.' 4, 5 and 6 operates in much the same manner as the embodiment of FIG. 1. Cleaning or processing solution is added by means of recirculation and laminar flow jets 43, coupled to pump 39 and filter 37 by inlets 41, or by other means. Recirculation fluid is taken from inlet 27 and filtered through filter 37 as before. A wafer carrier 47 is inserted in the tank 21. Megasonic energy is applied by transducer 45 if the transducer is used. The wafers are rotated, however now not by operation of the pump 39, but instead by use of the high pressure gas which feeds nozzles 31 from inlet 33. This arrangement has several advantages. First, it allows the pump 39 and filter 37 to have a single speed. No valves or controls are needed to direct the flow from pump. Also, the embodiment of FIGS.' 4, 5 and 6 can operate with the laminar flow system always enabled, and the rotation cycle can be continuous or it can be cycled on and off, whichever method gives better particle control results for a particular wafer size. By leaving the pump 39 and laminar flow jets 43 always on, the need for control of pump 39 is eliminated. The weir 29 will still retain particles during the rotation cycles, therefore it is preferred that after the wafers are rotated over the megasonic transducer 45 by gas being inlet through nozzles 31 through inlet 33, the rotation cycle be stopped and a recirculation cycle is performed. In the recirculation cycle, laminar flow jets 43 give a low pressure laminar lift to lift trapped particulate over the top of weir 29 and the particulate is then drawn into inlet 27, the solution is then recycled by pump 39 through filter 37 and is thus filtered as before. This cycle should operate for several minutes until the desired level of particle removal is reached, and only then should the wafers be removed from the tank.
The gas being input to inlet 33 can be any inert or nonreactive gas, usually pressurized nitrogen is readily available in a wafer processing facility and is therefore preferred. Other driving agents, such as pressurized deionized water are also typically readily available and could be used instead of the gas.
Any of the embodiments described above can also be easily adapted to use as a boat cleaning tank. By directing the flow from the nozzles at and up the grooves in the boats, particles could be removed from empty boats and the megasonic energy, now not impeded by the wafers, will reach the grooves of the boats. These boats can then be used subsequently without introducing additional particles to new wafers to be processed.
All of the embodiments described herein provide for efficient use of the solutions by enhancing the efficiency of particle removal from the solution and the wafers, so that the solutions my be used for several batches of wafers before new solution is needed. This reduces the cost of production and also minimizes the amount of chemical disposal required.
While this invention has been described with reference to illustrative embodiments, this description is not intended to be construed in a limiting sense. Various modifications and combinations of the illustrative embodiments, as well as other embodiments of the invention, will be apparent to persons skilled in the art upon reference to the description. It is therefore intended that the appended claims encompass any such modifications or embodiments.
|Cited Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|Jul 3, 1978
|Jun 24, 1980
|Sperry Corporation
|Dynamic cleaning method and apparatus for removal of remnant material
|Jul 6, 1984
|Jul 10, 1990
|Snef Electro Mecanique
|Process and equipment for cleaning large electromechanical parts
|Nov 25, 1988
|Dec 25, 1990
|Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba
|Gettering method for a semiconductor wafer
|Jul 31, 1990
|Dec 10, 1991
|Texas Instruments Incorporated
|Method for subjecting an object to a liquid treatment
|Oct 16, 1990
|Feb 25, 1992
|Verteq, Inc.
|Single wafer megasonic semiconductor wafer processing system
|Aug 28, 1990
|May 19, 1992
|Electrovert Ltd.
|Method of cleaning workpieces with a potentially flammable or explosive liquid and drying in the tunnel
|Jul 18, 1994
|Jun 27, 1995
|International Business Machines Corporation
|Method for uniform cleaning of wafers using megasonic energy
|Citing Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|Jul 7, 1997
|Mar 30, 1999
|Micron Technology, Inc.
|Wafer processing apparatus
|Nov 19, 1998
|Oct 31, 2000
|Tokyo Electron Limited
|Ultrasonic cleaning apparatus
|Dec 2, 1998
|Jan 30, 2001
|Texas Instruments Incorporated
|Method for improving wafer sleuth capability by adding wafer rotation tracking
|Jul 17, 2000
|Jul 2, 2002
|Vaco Microtechnologies
|Rinsing tank with ultra clean liquid
|Jan 16, 2001
|Dec 24, 2002
|Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Co., Ltd.
|Wet chemical process tank with improved fluid circulation
|Mar 8, 2000
|Sep 23, 2003
|Advanced Micro Devices, Inc.
|Wafer rotation randomization for process defect detection in semiconductor fabrication
|Jun 26, 2002
|Jan 6, 2004
|Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba
|Apparatus and method for cleaning a semiconductor substrate
|Sep 8, 2000
|Sep 28, 2004
|Semitool, Inc.
|Spray nozzle system for a semiconductor wafer container cleaning aparatus
|Nov 1, 2002
|Dec 14, 2004
|Semitool, Inc.
|Wafer container cleaning system
|Jan 9, 2002
|Jun 14, 2005
|Semitool, Inc.
|Method and apparatus for cleaning containers
|Jul 24, 2003
|Jun 14, 2005
|Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.
|Apparatus for manufacturing integrated circuit device
|Aug 12, 2004
|Jun 13, 2006
|Semitool, Inc.
|Methods for cleaning wafer containers
|Sep 24, 2008
|Jul 12, 2011
|Siltron, Inc.
|Box cleaner for cleaning wafer shipping box
|Jan 9, 2002
|Aug 1, 2002
|Semitool, Inc.
|Method and apparatus for cleaning containers
|Nov 1, 2002
|May 6, 2004
|Semitool, Inc.
|Wafer container cleaning system
|Aug 12, 2004
|Jan 20, 2005
|Semitool, Inc.
|Wafer container cleaning system
|May 13, 2005
|Dec 8, 2005
|Dan Bexten
|Method and apparatus for cleaning containers
|Dec 7, 2005
|Jan 8, 2009
|Astec Halbleitertechnologie Gmbh
|Method and Device for Etching Substrates Contained in an Etching Solution
|Sep 24, 2008
|Apr 2, 2009
|Siltron Inc.
|Box cleaner for cleaning wafer shipping box
|Jul 14, 2014
|Oct 8, 2014
|Work piece washing tank
|Nov 14, 2014
|Apr 1, 2015
|New part cleaning device
|Jul 12, 2000
|Feb 14, 2001
|Vaco Microtechnologies
|Flushing vessel with ultra-clean liquid
|Sep 25, 2008
|Apr 1, 2009
|Siltron Inc.
|Box cleaner for cleaning wafer shipping box
|Sep 25, 2008
|Apr 21, 2010
|Siltron Inc.
|Box cleaner for cleaning wafer shipping box
|Aug 10, 1998
|Feb 18, 1999
|Motorola Inc.
|Apparatus and method for processing an object
|Apr 14, 2000
|Nov 23, 2000
|Memc Electronic Materials, Inc.
|Method and apparatus for washing a wafer carrier
|Jul 9, 2002
|Jan 23, 2003
|Semitool, Inc.
|Method and apparatus for cleaning semiconductor wafers and other flat media
|Jul 9, 2002
|Feb 27, 2003
|Daniel P Bexten
|Method and apparatus for cleaning semiconductor wafers and other flat media
|Sep 30, 2008
|Sep 17, 2009
|Automation Technology, Inc.
|Solar wafer cleaning systems, apparatus and methods
|U.S. Classification
|134/1, 134/10, 134/37
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification
|May 29, 2001
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 4
|May 27, 2005
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 8
|May 21, 2009
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 12


text:
Melissa & Doug® Puppy Games
Price $29.99
With six stuffed puppies and sixty paw print cards, this box contains ten active games to encourage the development of memory, patterning, sequencing, color recognition and matching skills. Puppy Hunt, Jumping Puppies and Paw Pickers are just three of the engaging canine activities children will be begging to play. Instructions include variations on many of the games to extend the fun.
- Recommended for ages 4 years and up
- Imported
Shipping & Returns
Shipping your purchase is easy on belk.com. Depending on the destination of your package, you can expect it to arrive within 4-7 business days. Shipping Information
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Need a book? Engineering books recommendations...
Return to index: [Subject] [Thread] [Date] [Author]
RE: Fibrous concrete[Subject Prev][Subject Next][Thread Prev][Thread Next]
- To: "'seaoc(--nospam--at)seaoc.org'" <seaoc(--nospam--at)seaoc.org>
- Subject: RE: Fibrous concrete
- From: hsprague(--nospam--at)aspen.klaalov.com (Harold Sprague)
- Date: Wed, 10 Jun 1998 15:05:49 -0600
This is right out of the Fibermesh web site: Don't specify Fibermesh for: The control of cracking as a result of external stresses. The Fibermesh representatives define "external stresses" as flexural stresses due to applied loads or settlement when referring to slabs on grade. Harold Sprague KL&A -----Original Message----- From: ayvel(--nospam--at)ursgreiner.com [SMTP:ayvel(--nospam--at)ursgreiner.com] Sent: Wednesday, June 10, 1998 11:15 AM To: seaoc(--nospam--at)seaoc.org Subject: Re: Fibrous concrete Has anyone specified fibrous concrete for slabs on grade as an contractors option in lieu of std. wire mesh?
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Broadstone Travesia
3701 Quick Hill Road Austin Texas 78728
Are you the property manager?
Discover the finest in luxury living at Broadstone Travesia apartments in Austin. Located minutes from I-35, I-45 and Mopac, our community offers stylish and contemporary interiors appointed with the latest high-tech features in each of our one-, two-, and three-bedroom apartment homes. Revel in an exception array of community amenities coupled with an unbeatable location. Inside and out, our community in 78728 is the perfect place to call home. Call us today for a tour and embrace the lifestyle at Broadstone Travesia.
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from £43 / night help Price for guests, Nights
Studio Apartment VALL V4, Krk – Home 7315220 Studio
- no bedrooms
- 2 sleeps
- 2 nights min stay
Studio Apartment VALL V4, Krk – Home 7315220
- Studio
- no bedrooms
- sleeps 2
- 2 nights min stay
Top Review
Studio / No Bedrooms / 1 bathroom / sleeps 2
Key Info
- Child friendly
- Air conditioning
- No pets allowed
Description from owner
Modern studio apartment with great panoramic sea view, close to restaurants and beaches.Peaceful and attractive location, the outdoors space, the neighborhood, and the ambiance.
Studio is ideal for couples, solo adventurers, business travelers.
You have access to free WiFi, and parking space. Welcome!
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Bed & bathroom
- Beds in other rooms: King Bed
- 1 Shower room
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- Parking
- Secure parking
- Not suitable for wheelchair users
- Check in time:14:00, Check out time:10:00
- If you have any questions about check-in or check-out times, please contact the owner/manager.
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View Policy
About the owner
Vedran R.
- Response rate:
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- Calendar updated::
- 06 Feb 2017
Languages spoken: English
This Studio has 1 bathroom and sleeps 2. It's been listed on Holiday Lettings since 11 Jun 2016. Located in Krk Island, the average weekly rate is £297.
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Doctor insights on:
Mild Hyperplasia With Mild Dysplasia Of Colon Polyp
Mild discomfort in the abdomen after having a tranverse colon polyp removed and clamped? Is this normal. Dr said no mri's for 6 weeks cuz of the clamp
Maybe: When was your polyp removed? The polyp removal will not cause pain. The air from the colonoscopy will, but that should resolved within the 6 to 12 hours after the procedure. If your pain worsens, see your doctor or go to the ED. If you have any bleeding - Go to the ED. ...Read more
Colon (Definition)
The colon is another term for the large intestine. This is the final portion of the digestive system, responsible for absorbing water and storing stool before evacuation. It is divided into sections described as cecum; ascending, transverse, descending and ...Read more
Mild vaginal bleeding after colon polyp removal?
Unlikely: It is very unlikely that your vaginal bleeding is related to a colon polyp removal. ...Read more
My colonoscopy microscopic diagnosis: transverse colon polyp biopsy: polypoid colonic mucosa with mild nonspecific chronic inflamation...what is this?
Nothing: non specific colon inflammation it could be anything but not cancer. there is no risk of cancer. your doctor can review your symptoms,and the result of the biopsy and reach the proper conclusion. nothing serious. ...Read more
What sort of disease is a colon polyp?
Colon Polyp: A polyp in the colon is not a disease. A polyp is a growth on the surface of the lining of the colon. Some can lead to cancer and some are benign. They usually do not cause symptoms unless they get big. They are removed at colonoscopy to make sure they are not pre-cancerous. You are more likely to get them if you eat fatty foods, smoke, drink alcohol, don't exercise, or obese. ...Read moreSee 1 more doctor answer
Do you think I should be concerned about a colon polyp?
NO: If you remove it and follow your doctor's advice ...Read more
I have a colon polyp that needs to be removed surgically what is the process?
Your doctor will exp: I am sure your doctor would be happy to explain. Surgical removal means an operation to remove the polyp. There are two types of operation: open surgery or laparoscopic surgery(this one is a mini operation with smaller cuts as compared to open surgery which is a bigger cut). But talk it over with your surgeon. ...Read moreSee 1 more doctor answer
And what is the best treatment for colon polyp?
Removal: Colon polyps are precancerous...So they must be removed which can be done easily through a procedure called colonoscopy and polypectomy. ...Read more
How long does it take a colon polyp to turn into cancer?
Depends: Fundamental rule once detected must be removed as soon as possible , if general condition permits, . Some polyps like villous adenomas already will have atypical changes or early cancer , if larger than 2 cm will have 40% chance, other types may take months to couple of years for malignant transformation , no one will wait and see. Early colon cancer is curable, removal of polyp will prevent ca. ...Read moreSee 1 more doctor answer
I have a colon polyp, what are my chances of getting cancer?
Increased risk?: It is now accepted that adenomatous colon polyps under the right conditions will progress to cancer if present for 5-10 years. However not all polyps will turn into cancer as some will slough off if you have had hyperplastic polyps you risks are not increased. If you had adenomatous polyps then you are at increased risks and should be followed by doctor. ...Read more
Polyp (Definition)
A polyp may occur anyplace on the body, but is most commonly seen in the colon when a colonscopy exam is done. It is a bump or protrusion from the lining of the GI tract and colon, which can can be benign or turn ...Read more
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p.332: 16 Angelo runs 7 miles per week and increases his distance by 1 mile each week. Marc runs 4 miles per week and increases his distance by 2 miles each week. In how many weeks will Angelo and Marc be running the same distance? What will that distance be? 3 weeks; 10 mi
a. Write a system of equations to describe the situation.
p.332: 17 The school band sells carnations on Valentine's Day for $2 each. They buy the carnations from a florist for $0.50 each, plus a $16 delivery charge. a. Write a system of equations to describe the situation. b. Graph the system. What does the solution represent? c. Explain whether the solution shown on the graph makes sense in this situation. If not, give a reasonable solution. y = 2x It represents how many No. because the y = 0.50x carnations need to be solution is not a sold to break even. whole number of carnations; carnations.
p. 332: 23 23. The gardeners at Middleton Place Gardens want to plant a total of 45 white and pink hydrangeas in one flower bed, In another flower bed, they want to plant 120 hydrangeas. In this bed, they want 2 times the number of white hydrangeas and 2 times the number of pink hydrangeas as in the first bed. Use a system of equations to find how many white and how many pink hydrangeas the gardeners should buy altogether. 45 white; 120 pink
p.332:24 Rusty burns 5 calories per minute swimming and 11 calories per minute jogging. In the morning, Rusty burns 200 calories walking and swims for x minutes. In the afternoon, Rusty will jog for x minutes. How many minutes must he jog to burn at least as many calories y in the afternoon as he did in the morning? 34 min.
p.332: 26 A tree that is 2 feet tall is growing at a rate of 1 foot per year. A 6-foot tall tree is growing at a rate of 0.5 foot per year. In how many years will the trees be the same height? 8 yr
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text: Unbelievable yet again. I thought FOR SURE that they weren't that stupid. I figured that after they towed around a couple of cameramen and a sound guy around the ferry dock that they would most certainly lead the police to a decoy van that had nothing in it as the real car or van drove off the ferry unnoticed. To think that they could be on a very small island that has just featured Paul Watson and the SS on the front page of their newspaper and assume they could go ANYWHERE on the island unnoticed is just plain clinical stupidity. When they reported that the devices were gone my jaw dropped. How anybody can contribute money to this "circus of the sea" is beyond me. Pmyers- to answer your question I think they figured they would be confiscated when they did their stem to stern customs inspection when the arrived at the dock. They must have at least one super-duper hiding place though, no doubt there's a stash of weed on there somewhere. Maybe they did the research beforehand and found out that there's no need for drug sniffing dogs on the island so they were safe.


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8 total
Questions regarding petition (DUI supervision in 2000, nothing before/after): - Do I fill in Offense, Case#, etc. in "Conviction" section even though supervision is technically not a conviction? - "Police Record (Rap Sheet)" : Just the Illin...
Currently, there is a very large backlog of Petitions for Executive Clemency that have made it past the Illinois Prison Review Board, but have not been ruled on by the Governor. I was told directly by the Illinois Prison Review Board that the backlog is approximately 2000 Petitions. However, that should not discourage you from pursuing Executive Clemency. The issue of the difficulty in obtaining the LEADS background was recently was by the Illinois Prison Review Board, and it appears they will be sending petitioners finger print cards to resolve that issue. As for hand delivering copies, I have always sent by way of certified mail, which has never presented a problem.
--Please Note: This lawyer's post 1) is not legal advice and 2) does not establish an attorney-client relationshipSee question
He went in a store and unknowingly purchase an item that had been previously tampered with by someone else it had an item in it that was not suppose to be in the box he purchased, they arrested him for retail theft and he has been sitting in jail ...
I agree with my colleagues, that he should immediately hire a private attorney or request the services of the public defender's office. Your version makes it appear that your boyfriend lacked any kind of knowledge that the item in the box was not the correct item. Knowledge is an element of the current Illinois statute. If this retail establishment had a video system, it may have captured his actions from the time he entered the store to the point of arrest. The problem is that this type of evidence may help or hurt his defense. The bottom line is that should absolutely retain the services of an attorney.
--Please Note: This lawyer's post 1) is not legal advice and 2) does not establish an attorney-client relationshipSee question
If I am 19 years old and I am dating a girl that is 15 years old, can her parents press any charges on me?
It depends on your definition of "dating". If your "dating" involves an act that could be considered "sexual abuse" (i.e. you are having consenual sex) , then you could be charged with a crime like Criminal Sexual Abuse. The misdemeanor charge punishable up to 364 days in jail is designed for individuals with an age difference of less than 5 years. So your being 19 and her being 15 puts you in that category. The biggest problem is that if you are found guilty or enter a plea of guilty to this charge, the State of Illinois will require you to register as a "Sex Offender". This is a very sensitive area of law and I have assisted many individuals facing this charge. Please feel free to contact me at (847) 685-6000 or (312) 421-8820 to discuss this matter in greater detail.See question
hello quick question I have a mistermener warrent for not showing up for probation but it was in a nother city now i am living in a new city i was wondering does that warrent carry over state to state or would it just be local?
In the State of Illinois, warrants issued for misdemeanors will typically have geographic limitations. for instance, many misdemeanor warrants issued in Cook County (chicago) will include Cook and collar counties. It is costly to extradite individuals from other states, so the counties will usually only extradite on felonies.See question
i was home alone and someone broke into my window at my aptment. he was half way in my home and i spooked him away with a bat. i know this guy! what is his penalty for attempted burglary if i press charges?
In the State of Illinois , the penalties that can be imposed against someone are based upon the "Class" ofthe crime. For instance, is it a Felony or Misdemeanor? Felonies in the state of Illinois are classified as Class "XXX" 15-60 years, "XX" 9-40 Years, "X" 6-30 years, "1" 4-15 years, "2" 3-7 years, "3" 2-5 years, or "4" 1-3 years. A number of these felonies are probation eligible and also carry fines. Misdemeanors are broken down into class "A" punishable up to 364 days in jail, "B" punishable up to 180 days in jail, and "C" punishable up to 30 days in jail. Misdemeanors also carry fines and many are Supervision eligible. Ultimately, the penalty that can be imposed on the individual breaking into your house depends on what the state charges him with...Residential Bruglary (non-probationable), Burglary (probationable), Criminal trespass, Attempt...etc... My advice is to speak with the police and/or an Assistant State's Attorney and decide if you are going to pursue charges.See question
My husband is currently incarcerated, before he got incarcerated he was on parole. They violated his parole and at that time he had 15 months left to do, in which they cut that in half so he only had 7 1/2 months of parole time left. He was still ...
Your question needs to be more specific. There have been recent changes to the Early Release "Good Time Credit" statute followed by the Illinois Department of Corrections. Therefore, factors that must be considered in determining specific "out dates" include the type of charge he was on parole for as well as the type of charge he received 2 years on. One available option is to contact the Illinois Department of Corrections record division, which can provide a specific breakdown of good time credit that has been granted.See question
We are currently trying to adjust my husband's status and were recently denied the I601 Wavier. My husband has had 5 arrests that 13+ years old. Three of which said "Open" or "Leave to reinstate". Our new immigration attorney suggested I hi...
I will assume that your husband's arrests occurred in Cook County, IL based upon the fact that you are submitting from Chicago and that the Cook County State's Attorney's Office tend to be the only prosecutorial entity in Illinois that uses the "SOL" or "Stricken Off Call With Leave To Reinstate". Typically, if more than 160 days have passed, after filing a properly executed Expungement Petition, these matters can be "closed" and possibly removed from the record. If the cases are "open" because your husband failed to appear in court on the assigned court date, he may have an active warrant for his arrest, which would require a Motion to Quash and Recall the Warrant and result in a much different approach. More information is needed and I encourage you to call and consult with an attorney.See question
I recieved a Zero Tolerance DUI in Dupage County is Illinois. I am a first time offender. What are the reprocussions of this? I blew a 0.062 in the Breathalizer meaning i was technically under the legal limit but i am 20 years old. The paper i rec...
There are typically two distinct legal issues that need to be addressed for individuals charged with DUI in the State of Illinois. The first issue to be addressed is the Criminal Charge of DUI, which requires that the State has the burden of proving you guilty "Beyond A Reasonable Doubt". With a BAC of .062 I would strongly consider taking the matter to trial. However, in response to the part of your question regarding it being "dropped to a lesser charge", after negotiations, that decision must be made by the State's Attorney's Office. I recently had a .075 DUI reduced by the DuPage County State's Attorney's. So, it is possible.
The second issue to address deals with the suspension against your license. Unlike a DUI where the accused is over 21 years of age and receives a Statutory Summary Suspension (which can be challenged by way of a civil hearing in your DUI courtroom), your Zero Tolerance Suspension can only be addressed by way of an administrative hearing with the Secretary of State of Illinois. The DUI court has no jurisdiction over the mattter.See question


text:
The OECD Committee on Fiscal Affairs invites public comments on the draft Chapter II of the International VAT/GST Guidelines that deal with customer location in the context of identifying the jurisdiction of taxation.
English, , 1,307kb
This information note has been prepared to assist revenue bodies advance their thinking on the use of legislated withholding and information reporting
English, PDF, 481kb
This guidance note seeks to provide sufficient information about Standard Business Reporting (SBR) to enable revenue bodies to consider its relevance to their Government and play a major role in cross-Government deliberations and implementation, if deemed appropriate. It has been prepared following research by HMRC officials and with the assistance of revenue bodies participating in the FTA's Taxpayer Services Sub-group.
Second Consultation Paper on Applying Value Added Taxes to Cross-border Supplies of Services and Intangibles
English, , 339kb
APPLYING VAT/GST TO CROSS-BORDER TRADE IN SERVICES AND INTANGIBLES - EMERGING CONCEPTS FOR DEFINING PLACE OF TAXATION – SECOND CONSULTATION DOCUMENT Invitation for comments JUNE 2008
These documents provide a definition of shared taxes, established by the Council of Europe, agreed upon by the council of Ministers on January 19, 2006.
English, , 369kb
The OECD is launching a new project aimed at providing guidance for governments on applying Value Added Taxes, or VAT - also called Goods and Services Tax, or GST, in some countries -- to cross-border trade.
English, PDF, 239kb
The Committee on fiscal Affairs releases a report that identifies potential obstacles and provide a first analysis of the issues relating to consumption taxation of cross-border trade in services and intangibles.
English, PDF, 304kb
The Committee on fiscal Affairs releases a report that identifies potential obstacles and provide a first analysis of the issues relating to consumption taxation of cross-border trade in services and intangibles.
English, , 23kb
The Guidelines below are intended to achieve the practical application of the Taxation Framework Conditions in order to prevent double taxation or unintentional non taxation, particularly in the context of international cross border electronic commerce.


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|Ms. Debra Richter - Helen is very knowledgeable in Reflexology, she know...
|Carrie Lynn Baucom - Helen just rocks! she is always willing to share he...
|David Taylor - Helen has spent many years developing and practicing the ...
If you notice offensive or incorrect information, please contact us.
Ms. Mary Ernsberger
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Embracing Health


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Ecuador – Marine Biology & Culture-10 Day Family Retreat
Ecuador: A Pacific Coast retreat focusing on marine biology with immersive activities and workshops for the whole family.
You asked for it, we deliver! Project World School's family friendly version of our Teen Marine Biology Retreat 12 Day & 25 Day with many hands on workshops, group activities, worldschooling mentoring and quiet time in a comfortable beach front cabana resort. Designed to meet the needs of the whole family.
When: April 28 – May 7, 2015
Where: Route of the Sun (Ruta del Sol) Ecuador
Cost: All inclusive:
$1499 per adult (13+)
$999 per child 7-12 years old with
$699 per child 3-6
Free per child 0-2
Status: Closed
Based on your feedback, we have adapted our popular Teen Marine Biology Retreat to meet the needs of our families. We have arrange accommodations in a wonderful beachfront retreat offering private family cabanas and casitas. Hands on workshops will take place on the property and there is enough built in down time for you to relax and enjoy Workshops for the kids and parents will be offered throughout at the retreat as well as planned family excursions.
Activities include snorkeling, beach and bodyboarding, surf lessons if interested and plenty time in the hammock. There will be morning programs offered to rejuvenate your soul, oceanside yoga, guided meditations and short hikes. The Ruta del Spondylus offers a unique ecosystem to explore, not found anywhere else on the planet. We will have time to explore unique coastline with two contrasting microclimates, rare fauna and flora, snorkel the surrounding coral reefs, venture off to tropical islands rich with exotic sea life, admire the numerous bird species of the region, and submerge our spirits within isolated and exotic beaches.
We invite you and your family to join us for this unique adventure.
Who: 5-10 family participants – all ages welcome
Cost: $1499 All inclusive
Full accommodation for the duration of the learning community retreat
All airport transfers
All ground transportation
Breakfast, lunch, and dinners during the retreat (except when specified).
Entrance fees to all the included attractions and all rental equipment
All workshops, talks, guided tours, and classes
Does not include: International airfare, laundry, snacks, water, meals during travel days and extra activities
The cost does not cover extras such as souvenirs, toiletries, batteries, or other personal items. Laundry services are not included either.
Meals will not be provided on travel days. Also additional snacks, and water throughout the retreat are not covered.
International flights from your home country to each retreat location are not included.
Schedule: *
April 28- Arrive at Guayaquil International Airport – transfer to Montanita- settle in hotel cabanas, icebreakers + night program (Breakfast & Lunch not included this day)
April 29– Morning self-care program – Team building, Beach day – Yoga – Kid guided dinner
April 30– A visit to the jungle community Agua Blancas tucked deep within the Machalilla National Forest, hiking trails, archeological sites and traditional farms followed by a dip in the natural mineral and mud bath
May 1– Visit to Aquarium and Valdiva museum – evening program
May 2- Day boat trip to Isla de la Plata, the poor man's Galapagos, nature & wildlife, hiking and snorkeling
May 3– Self Care day. Trip to Banos de San Vicente – evening workshop – camp fire
May 4– Beach day at the magical Playa de los Frailes hike) – beach day – evening workshop – camp fire
May 5– 10:00 am meeting in Pto. Lopez office of the Pacific Whale Foundation, 2 hour presentation. Drive back included jungle La Playita, La Entrada to collect minerals, leaves, beach glass, etc. Guided by Kim & Gaby
May 6-Herbs workshop with Gaby 10:30 – 12:30 and 2:00 – 4:30 -final banquette
May 7-Return to Guayaquil, then return board flights back to your home country (breakfast only included depending on the time of your flight)
*Schedule is subject to shift


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News By Tag
Industry News
* Cinema
* More Industries...
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Industry News
Audience Entertainment & IQ Cinema Add Interactive Programming To IQC Educational Cinema Packages
Audience Entertainment, a global leader in the exciting world of interactive group gaming, is pleased to announce a partnership with IQ Cinema (IQC) to create unique interactive experiences for their educational cinema programming.
New York City-based Audience Entertainment develops and distributes interactive mass audience games and entertainment content offerings embedded in videogames, trailers, movies and other media. Working together, audiences of all sizes use their bodies as one giant "human joystick" to control on-screen action.
Los Angeles based IQ Cinema is an educational cinema distribution company that combine exceptional movies , interactive games and hands-on activities by transforming movie theaters into educational centers. Families and schools experience a two-hour IQC subject, providing higher learning through immersive entertainment. Current projects address topics including space, flight, nature, water, dinosaurs and the continent of Africa.
"IQ Cinema carefully balances between fun theatrical experience and educational elements" said Sara Mora Ivicevich, CEO of IQ Cinema. "We provide digital Cinemas with alternative content that entertain and teach on the same time. Audience Entertainment'
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text: The James Taylor Quartet - Discography (1987-2011) The James Taylor Quartet • Genre : Funk Soul Disco Jazz • Year : 1987-2011 • Label : Polydor, Big Life • On demand! (album available 128-320kbs)* #/by GROVER Release code: ODI3005669 Added on 29-10-2016, 12:26 You want this album? link doesn't work? report us from your account! Release Info: The James Taylor Quartet - Discography (1987-2011) The James Taylor Quartet - Discography (1987-2011)Genre: Acid Jazz, Nu Jazz, Funk | Albums, Singles, Lives The James Taylor Quartet are a British four-piece jazz funk band, who have become renowned for their live performances. They were formed in 1987 by Hammond organ player James Taylor following the break-up of his former band The Prisoners in the wake of Stiff Records' bankruptcy. The current line-up is James Taylor (Hammond organ), Chris Montague (guitar), Andrew McKinney (bass) and Adam Betts (drums), although recordings and live performances usually feature a horn section comprising John Willmott (tenor sax/flute) and Nick Smart (trumpet), and also vocalist Yvonne Yanney. The band are often referred to by the acronym JTQ, and have no connection to the American singer-songwriter James Taylor.Studio Albums.1987 Mission Impossible 3201987 The Money Spyder 320 #1988 Wait a Minute 3201989 Get Organized 3201990 Do Your Own Thing 3201991 Supernatural Feeling 1921994 Extended Play 3201995 In The Hand of The Inevitable 320 #1996 A Few Useful Tips About Living Underground 2561997 Creation 3201999 A Bigger Picture vbr2000 Swinging London 3202001 Message From The Godfather 3202002 Room at The Top 3202003 The Oscillator 3202006 A Taste of Cherry 3202007 Don't Mess With Mr.T 3202009 New World 3202011 The Template 320Compilations.1998 Blow Up! A JTQ Collection 3202001 Hammond-ology [2CD] 320Live Albums.1991 Absolute - JTQ Live 320 #1998 Whole Lotta Live 1922008 Live at The Jazz Cafe 192Singles.1993 Love The Life [CDS] 1921996 Love Will Keep Us Together [CDS] 192.New Jersey Kings1992 Party to the Bus Stop 320 #1995 Stratosphere Breakdown 320 #2001 Uzi Lover 192.James Taylor's 4th Dimension2007 Picking Up Where We Left Off 192Download This album(s) is currently available for download only with a Premium account. To get a premium account, click here


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System Design
With access to virtually any consumer electronic and over 35 years in Tucson, The Specialists can help you find and setup the equipment you need to complete your project. Our staff will assist you in finding the correct product for your application. Our technicians are certified on most products and are regularly attending continuous education courses to keep current with the ever changing technologies. Don't hire a trunk slammer working in his garage, hire a professional.


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from £85 / night help Price for guests, Nights
The Granary – Home 163196 Cottage
- 3 bedrooms
- 7 sleeps
- 3 nights min stay
The Granary – Home 163196
- Cottage
- 3 bedrooms
- sleeps 7
- 3 nights min stay
Top Review
Cottage / 3 bedrooms / 2 bathrooms / sleeps 7
Key Info
- Child friendly
- Car advised
- No pets allowed
- Private garden
Description from owner
The Granary at Horselea Holiday Cottages provides a luxury holiday experience for you and your family.
Our luxury 4star self-catering holiday cottage has been converted from our farm steading to create an ideal location to enjoy a peaceful and relaxing holiday, or for the more active, enjoy walking around the our village, or the quiet farm lanes.
Visit Perth, just a short 10 minutes drive, explore the historic buildings, visit the Theatre or our award winning Concert Hall. For families we have two local activity centres, swimming pool, beautiful parks, and hills to explore. Edinburgh is approximately 1hour away, Glasgow 1.5 hours.
We can also offer B & B. for your horse/pony grazing is available in our own fields, or if you prefer the neighbouring Livery Yard has full facilites.
The Granary sleeps 7, in a twin, double, and king/family room. Our cottages are fully equipped including 32" freeview T.V., WiFI, B.B.Q. We have stunning views from
The Granary at Horselea Holiday Cottages provides a luxury holiday experience for you and your family.
Our luxury 4star self-catering holiday cottage has been converted from our farm steading to create an ideal location to enjoy a peaceful and relaxing holiday, or for the more active, enjoy walking around the our village, or the quiet farm lanes.
Visit Perth, just a short 10 minutes drive, explore the historic buildings, visit the Theatre or our award winning Concert Hall. For families we have two local activity centres, swimming pool, beautiful parks, and hills to explore. Edinburgh is approximately 1hour away, Glasgow 1.5 hours.
We can also offer B & B. for your horse/pony grazing is available in our own fields, or if you prefer the neighbouring Livery Yard has full facilites.
The Granary sleeps 7, in a twin, double, and king/family room. Our cottages are fully equipped including 32" freeview T.V., WiFI, B.B.Q. We have stunning views from our upstairs lounges of the surrounding hills and farmland.
Location description from owner
The Scotland region
Perthshire is one of the most beautiful counties of Scotland. We have a diverse range of landscapes from farmland to Mountain. Perth is the County Town and was until recently also a Market Town. Although our Livestock Auction Market has now moved to Stirling, we still have a very active Farmers Market on the 1st Saturday of the month where local produce is available straight from the producer. Perth Farmers Market was one of the first of these innovative ideas to bring producer and public together.
Perthshire has a wide range of activities for the tourist from skiing to walking either Hill Walking or a leisurely stroll, Outdoor Adventure Centres where you can experience water sports, abseiling or horse riding, or visit some of our speciality shops. Visit the Crannog Centre at Kenmore and discover how people lived on water. At Blackford Visitor Centre tour the Distillery or explore the specialist shops.
For Golfers we are 20 minutes from Gleneagles and 1hr from St. Andrews. Perthshire has over 29 Golf Courses for you to choose from.
Fishing is available on the Earn, Tay, and other tributaries.
Families have a range of activities available to them, including Noahs Soft Place Centre and Active Kids which allows your children to have fun in safety. Perth Leisure Pool is suitable for all ages and abilities.
Perthshire has several Whisky Distilleries available to tour, which usually includes a sample of their wares.
Visit Historic Scone Palace where the Kings of Scotland were crowned, or Balhousie Castle the Museum of the Black Watch Regiment.
Perthshire is famous for its range of hills and Monroes which are all within a short distance of Horselea.
More Less
- Great for children of all ages
- No pets allowed
- Cot available
- High chair available
Bed & bathroom
- Bedroom 1: Single Bed
Bedroom 2: Double Bed
Bedroom 3: King Bed
Beds in other rooms:
- 1 Family bathroom, 1 Shower room
- Wi-Fi available
- Private garden
- Internet access
- Central heating
- Cooker
- Fridge
- Freezer
- Microwave
- Toaster
- Kettle
- Dishwasher
- Washing machine
- Clothes dryer
- Iron
- High chair available
- DVD player
- Telephone
- Hair dryer
- Linen provided
- Towels provided
More Less
- Parking
- Accessible for wheelchair users — please contact the owner for details before booking
- Payment
- This rental can only be paid for online through Holiday Lettings using your credit/debit card or PayPal (never by bank or wire transfer).
- Smoking
- No smoking at this property
- Cancellation policy
View Policy
About the owner
Carol L
Tourist Licence
v.a.t. reg. .269 6478 96
- Average reply time:
- 2 hours 7 minutes
- Response rate:
- 100%
- Calendar updated::
- 25 Apr 2017
- Years listed:
- 5
- Based in:
- United Kingdom
- Overall rating:
Languages spoken: English
This Cottage has 3 bedrooms, 2 bathrooms and sleeps 7. It's been listed on Holiday Lettings since 06 May 2011. Located in Perth, it has 18 reviews with an overall rating of 5. The average weekly rate varies from £395 to £655.
The Owner has a response rate of 100% and the property's calendar was last updated on 25 Apr 2017.
Map and how to get there
Guest reviews
– based on 18 reviews
18 reviews
- Excellent
- 14
- Very Good
- 4
- Average
- 0
- Poor
- 0
- Terrible
- 0
"Family Break"
Excellent accommodation and location. Plenty to do with young family even in winter. If everyone gets cold outside The Granary is warm so cold people warm up and damp clothing dries off.
Owner's reply: Glad you enjoyed your break, look forward to seeing you again.
"Getting away from it all.......at Horselea Holiday Cottages, Forgandenny, Perthshire."
We had a great time on our recent trip to Perthshire. Carol and Jim our hosts were most welcoming and Carol's fondness for providing home made cakes was much appreciated. The cottage was in tip top condition and extremely comfortable. Stunning sunset (and sunrise, on one occasion) views were the icing on the cake as the cottages are set in beautiful countryside and ideally situated for easy access to nearby Bridge of Earn and Perth. We greatly enjoyed our walks (with Carol and Jim's "Tigger", the Fell Terrier) particularly up the track past the neighbouring farms with superb views. The peace and quiet was idyllic and the activity of the house martins, other birds and on one occasion a deer in the field adjacent to the cottage all added to our experience. We would love to return at some stage. For those seeking a beautiful setting, excellent accommodation, and friendly hosts we highly recommend Horselea.
Owner's reply: Thank you all you were lovely guests and we hope to see you in the future. Carol and Jim and Tigger
"Lovely 4 Star, child friendly cottage."
Lovely welcome with homebaked cakes and biscuits and welcome pack including bread and milk etc. Owner of cottage was very friendly and helpful. We had three young children and there was more than enough space. The decor and finish in the cottage was suberp. The cottage was very child friendly with stair gates, bed guards, highchairs, plastic bowls/plates etc. We had everything we could possibly need. The only reason I rated this cottage as Very Good rather than excellent was because the garden could have been a bit more child friendly. The older kids were fine but I couldn't have let our toddler out on her own as the enclosed garden was stoney and the larger grassy area had a barbed wire fence. Overall had an excellent visit, in a lovely cottage, in a good location.
this is an exellent cottage , very clean , plenty of room , exellent facilities could ask for more if we tried , carol was lovely very welcoming we will be returning some time this year , recommend totally
"The Granny was beautiful set in amazing settings"
We stayed in the Granny and i could not fault it what so ever! the place was beautiful, immaculate and very modern! The owners were very warm, friendly and welcoming which was lovely! we have already recommended to friends and family to visit the place and would also recommended to anyone thinking of somewhere peaceful and wanting a nice relaxing break
"Beautiful cottage, with delightful views and easy access to all Perthshire has to offer."
This was our second stay at this great property. It has everything you need and is much more accessible (to Perth/Edinburgh etc) than you might imagine. Great views and very peaceful. Great also for people who have difficulty getting around as there are bedrooms up and downstairs. Our mixed age party loved our stay. And the owners (Carol and Jim Lennox) are so welcoming - they even made a diabetic friendly cake!! Thanks for making our stays so great.
"The Granary was above all expectations."
Four adults and two children (four of whom came from the USA) came to Perth to attend a winter wedding. The cottage was warm, cosy and very comfortable and came completely equipped to meet all our needs . The owners were extremely welcoming and hospitable. They had even decorated the cottage appropriately for Christmas which delighted the two children who arrived with their parents on Christmas afternoon. Highly recommended
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Charlotte Russe Scarves (Was $10)
Through 2/22, Charlotte Russe has all of their scarves available 2/$12 offering a savings of $4 on each scarf. You'll want to grab a few at this price, or take a look at their swim separates starting at $12.99 each or tops starting at $10. Shipping is $6.95 or free on orders over $65.


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On a Saturday when they didn't play the Arkansas State Red Wolves picked up a big win.
Highland (Kan.) Community College defensive end linebacker Joe Sanders, who was a Tennessee commit coming out of high school, made a pledge to the Red Wolves after his Scotties played Dodge City (Kan.) Community College in the season finale.
The 6-foot-4, 260-pounder visited Arkansas State during the Big Pack Weekend in July but let town without a commit.
"I really liked it up there,'' he said. "I liked the school and I really love the indoor facility. I got to see that and it was really nice.
"My season was over and I figured it was about time to decide where I was going to go next. Arkansas State has always been there. I figure that is where I can go and get to the next level."
He said he plans to sign when the junior college signing period opens on Dec. 16.
Sanders said his main recruiter was defensive line coach Brian Early along with Joe Cauthen and Trooper Taylor.
Out of LaGrange, Ga., Sanders (6-4, 260) spent the past season at Highland. He did not get to play with where current A-State defensive lineman Jake Swalley, who played at Highland, but he did meet him on this visit. He played as a freshman at Mississippi Gulf Coast.
"I had a good year,'' he said. "As a team we were 6-5 I think. I really like to rush the passer. I like getting after the quarterback a lot. Arkansas State wants me to play defensive end. That is where I played here but at Gulf Coast I played end and I played linebacker in pass coverage too."
He earned second team all-conference in Mississippi. This past season he had 61 tackles and 5 sacks for Highland.
At LaGrange he was a 4-year starter in in football and started 3 years on the basketball team. He lettered as freshmen on a team that won a state championship.
He had offers or interest from South Florida, Middle Tennessee, Purdue, South Alabama, Minnesota, and Idaho among others. His reported offer list out of high school included several Power-5 teams.
"I'm glad to end all that,'' he said.


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A vulnerability in Microsoft Graphics component that handles TIFF (Tagged Image File Format) images was discovered two weeks ago. This vulnerability allows a hacker to execute code remotely on the affected computer. This means that the hacker who created the malicious TIFF image to take advantage of this vulnerability, can execute code to infect the same computer with a virus, Trojan horse or other malicious computer programs remotely.
Please continue reading below.
Your computer is at risk of getting infected with a virus, Trojan horse or other malware, if you:
This vulnerability affects Windows Vista, Windows Server 2008, Office 2003, 2007, and 2010, Lync 2010 and Lync 2013. On the other hand, Microsoft Windows 8.1, Windows 8, Windows 7, and all versions of Office 2013 are not affected.
Microsoft has not come up with a fix for this vulnerability, but has provided two utilities that can disable or enable the rendering of TIFF images. Disabling the rendering of TIFF images will prevent you from viewing images in this file format. But, this is the only way to protect yourself against this threat, until Microsoft comes up with a fix for this vulnerability.
You may disable the viewing of TIFF images on your computer by using the link provided below. And, as soon as Microsoft has fixed this vulnerability, you may re-enable the viewing of TIFF images by clicking on the other link provided below.
Click here to protect yourself against the TIFF Image vulnerability by disabling the viewing of TIFF images.
Click here to re-enable the viewing of TIFF images (if Microsoft has fixed this vulnerability).
After clicking on any of the links above, you will be asked to download a file. Please download the file, open and install.
Please share with us what you know or ask a question about this article, by leaving a comment below. And, forward malicious email messages to us using the following email address: firstname.lastname@example.com .
Tell us if you LIKE this article by clicking the following thumbs-up, or click the thumbs-down if you dislike it:
Submit your comment or question in the box below to share what you know or to get answers about this article.


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The Florentine Deception by Carey Nachenberg
My rating: 5 of 5 stars
Amazing technical thriller that was technically realistic! Hard to impress a computer security nerd like myself, but he did it! Written by a computer security expert, all the technical stuff seemed accurate without being dry. With the recent news out of Juniper, you realize that this book is not so far away from reality at all. The author wrote what he knew, and kept me on the edge of my seat. Excellent!
View all my reviews
Sunday Sweets For April (Baby) Showers - Did you survive Giraffe Watch this month? You know, that thing where the entire internet held its collective breath waiting for April the giraffe to have...


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Announcing the first annual
Exhibicion de Artesanias de El Pescadero
, to be held on
Saturday, Dec 13, from 9am to 4pm
, in El Pescadero at Los Bules Artesanias. We cordially invite the Local Community, Craftspeople, and Artists to come and participate in this one-day Exhibition and Sale of crafts and arts. Daniel Siqueiros will be providing music, and Las Divas de Concina will be serving tasty goodies. Contact Scott or Maria at Los Bules to register or for more information. All BCS artisans welcome.
Exhibicion de Artesanias de
El Pescadero
Booth spaces are roughly 10x10ft... spaces will be reserved upon paid registration. Any remaining will be available on a first come first served basis the day of the show. A fee of 200p per space will be used to cover portapotties and cleanup.
Setup 6:30 -8:30am day of the Show. Bring everything you will need...tables, chairs, umbrellas, etc., Nothing is provided but the space for you to set up in.
Our goal is to offer an opportunity to the communtiy to support their local artisans by buying locally made arts and crafts.
In El Pescadero take the first road south of the Pemex headed out towards the beach. Follow the Birdhouse signs to Los Bules Artesanias!
Contact Info:
Scott cell 612-134-0684
Maria cell 612-118-1062
Email: email@example.com


text:
Energy & Renewables Software
Implico SAP - Version CPR - Continuous Product Replenishment
By Implico Group based in Hamburg, GERMANY. from SAP Secondary Distribution Management (SAP SDM) for Oil & Gas Software line
Need help finding the right suppliers? Try XPRT Sourcing. Let the XPRTs do the work for you


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Many Wisconsinites still uninsured 2 weeks before deadline
WISC-TV will hold phone bank Tuesday to answer ACA questions
MADISON, Wis. - The deadline for most Americans to sign up for health insurance is two weeks away, yet many Wisconsinites have not yet enrolled.
Amanda Hall, an attorney, tutor and coach in the Madison area, did not allow herself to procrastinate on obtaining health insurance.
Hall was once on BadgerCare but began shopping around for other coverage options last summer before the online marketplace was running.
"[I] compared various premiums from various websites and various companies, and it was absolutely cost prohibitive," Hall said about her experience.
Hall described herself as active in rowing, running and doing Crossfit. She said she was not worried about her health, but wanted to be prepared.
After the online marketplace launched, Hall said she shopped it twice, and it revealed BadgerCare was her best option. She said the website made it easy for her to look at all of her options at once.
The online marketplace will screen consumers for BadgerCare while also producing a variety of health insurance plans.
"It's very important. I think young adults, they do think they're invincible, and they're not thinking about the fact they could be on a ski trip and they could break a leg and suddenly have thousands and thousands of hospital bills," said Molly Bandt, director of Covering Kids and Families, a group helping people understand the Affordable Care Act.
Many Wisconsinites have yet to sign up ahead of the March 31 deadline, and most people who do not meet the deadline may be subject to a fine.
Bandt emphasized when it comes to health care, financial assistance is available.
"Eighty percent nationwide and it's around 88 percent in Wisconsin of people purchasing in the marketplace qualify for some level of financial assistance," Bandt said.
Two weeks until the official deadline, Bandt and Hall are encouraging people who have yet to sign up to act.
"You may qualify for financial assistance, so don't be discouraged if you think you can't afford this. Don't be discouraged if you think this can be confusing because it can be confusing, fortunately there's help out there," Bandt said.
"Because all it takes is one other person not paying attention or one little accident," said Hall when asked why health insurance was important to her.
Tuesday March 18 WISC-TV will hold a phone bank with local experts from 3-7 p.m. to explain how the Affordable Care Act works and how to apply for coverage. Viewers can submit questions on online.
Local And Regional News
- Downtown homicide victim's roommate: Victim was likely trying to help the man who killed him
- Vet: Quick action saved dog who swallowed nails; Humane Society: 'This is now on our radar'
- State receives $20,000 grant to combat drugged driving
- Janesville police share internet safety tips for parents
- Facing deadline, most Wisconsin dairy farms find new buyer
- Congress considers removal of FDA oversight to e-cigarettes


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Texans Win Grind-Out Game Over Bengals!
The AFC Wild-Card Playoffs started out with a bang, as the Cincinnati Bengals took on the Houston Texans, Saturday evening! The Texans won the grinded-out game, 19-13, over the Bengals to continue to the next round in the Playoffs! The end-zone defense on both sides dominated, and Texans' J.J. Watts swatted Bengals' QB Andy Dalton's passes away at key moments! Texans' reliable RB Arian Foster was flight of feet, game MVP, and ran 140 yards on 32 carries for one TD, and Texans' QB Matt Schaub was effective throwing for 262 yards! The Bengals just didn't have enuff in their tank to compete with the Texans high octane D in the end!


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SINGAPORE: Runner's World outsources logistics in Asia
Runner's World, the athletic apparel, footwear and accessories distributor, has outsourced its logistics operations in Asia to Menlo Worldwide.
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