text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Publication date
|May 7, 1974
|Filing date
|Mar 5, 1973
|Priority date
|Mar 5, 1973
|Also published as
|Publication number
|Ragard P
|Original Assignee
|Universal Instruments Corp
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (5), Referenced by (6), Classifications (9), Legal Events (2)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
United States Patent 1 i Regard AUTOMATIC COMPONENT PROCESS SYSTEM [75] Inventor: Phillip A. Ragard, Binghamton,
[73] Assignee: Universal Instruments Corporation,
Binghamton, England [22'] Filed: Mar.5, 1973 211 Appl.No.:338,247
52 us. c1 29/203 B- [51] Int.'Cl. H05k 13/04 [58] Field of Search 29/203 B, 203 D, 203 MW, 29/203 R, 203 T, 203 TS [56] References Cited UNITE-D STATES PATENTS 3 442,43O 5/1969 Ackerman et al 29/203 B 1451 May 7,1974
3,545,064 12/1970 Zemek et al 29/203 1) 3,592,375 7/1971 Zemek et al.
3,593,404 7/1971 Ragard 3,641,651 2/1972 Rockwell, Jr. 29/203 1a Primary Examiner-Thomas l-l. Eager Attorney, Agent, or Fi rmFidelman, Wolffe, Leitner & l-liney h 57 ABSTRACT An electrical component process line for Circuit boards having a single control module and a single load and drive module with an unlimited number of attachable component processingand transfer modules, each including a plurality of processing stations therein. Each module is interconnected without modiv fication by a pair of rails upon which the circuit board travels and a transport arm drive shaft.
15 Claims, 13 Drawing Figures ATENTED I" 7 SHEET 05 0F 10 OON EN 2N wom A.
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wow wow 6N. o- 0 m 0 O NON NON wON eON mom PAIENTEDm 1 1914 saw us or 10 AUTOMATIC COMPONENT PROCESS SYSTEM BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates generally to automated electrical component process lines and more specifically to a modular automatic electrical component process line where the additional processing modules are connected without modification to the system.
2. Description of the Prior Art 1 In the field of machines for assembling electronic circuit components on'circuit boards,'there has been a variety of multi-station units. These units usually involve a unitary structure having a chain-driven or other means for advancing circuit boards from station to station. The units cannot be extended without modification of the drive chain as well as interconnection of structural supports.
Similarly the insertion lines of the prior art have involved complicated mechanical linkage between the various operating elements to achieve cyclic and synchronized operations. The number of components used in the prior art to achieve these functions prevented the modular concept of addition of units to the process line without modification. The only way the process lines could be increased or decreased was by adding or subtracting stations to a fixed structure. Theprocess lines presently in use cannot be enlarged by mere interconnections without major modification. I
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION the plurality of stations within a plurality of component processing and transfer modules. The individual transport modules have their own self-sustaining structure and are interconnected by a pair of rails as well as a transport drive shaft'upon which the plurality of transport arms are mounted. The drive module produces lateral oscillatory motion of thedrive shaft whereby the transport arms move a circuit board laterally from one station to the next and then the armsmove back to their original station. To prevent the transport arm from colliding with the, board behind it during the return trip, the arms are rotated down out of the horizontal plane of the circuit board by a unique C-shaped rotation drive arm until they are returned to their original position.
-At each station, there are locking fingers which engage an indentation on the lateral edge of the circuit board and hold it fixed there during the processing at the individual stations. The rotary drive assembly which causes the transport arms to rotate into and out of a horizontal plane defined by the circuit board is also linked to a shaft which, through camming action, retracts the locking fingers and allows the board to be transported from one station to the other. Thus, by a single command from the master control module, the locking fingers engage or disengage the circuit board and the transport arm simultaneously enters or leaves the plane defined by the circuit board. A multitude of sensing devices are provided to indicate failure of the loading mechansim as well as the presence and precise location of the circuit boards at the'individual stations. This information is used by the master control module to provide an indication to an operator as well as to shut down the line.
I OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION 7 I An object of the present invention is to provide an automated electronic component processing line wherein a module having a plurality of stations can be interconnected without modification.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a simplified transport system with a reduced number of parts, thereby increasing reliability. 1
A further object of the present invention is to provide synchronization of locking and transport means by the use of a single actuator and thus reduce the number of mechanical linkage or elements.
Still another object is to provide a module processing line wherein the lines need only be interconnected at the pair of transport rails and the transport arm drive shaft.
- Otherobjects, advantages and novel features of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description of the invention when considered in conjunction with the accompanying drawmgs.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 5 is a top view of a six-station transfer module;
FIG. 6 is a right side of a transfer module with an insertion device shown in phantom;
FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of the transport arm assembly taken along line 7-7 of FIGS; FIG. 8, is an enlarged top view of the boardsensing and locking assembly;
FIG. 9 is an enlarged side view ofthe board sensing and locking assembly;
FIGS. 10a, b and c are top view of the interrelationship of the board and the board sensing and locking assembly. DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Referring now to FIG. 1, there is shown the automated component process system designated as 20 having a master control module 30, a drive and load module 40, and a pluralityof component processing and transfer modules 50, 60 and 70. For the process line shown, module 50 has six component insertion devices 51-56 which sever electrical components fro m tape carriers, deform the component and insert them in the circuit board. Examples of these insertion devices are shown in US. Pat. Nos. 3,593,086 and 3,593,404. Module 60 is shown having three wiring stations 6l-63 which use devices well known in the art, and module has three DIP inserters 71-73 which use devices shown in US. Pat. Nos. 3,442,430 and 3,545,064. Though the 3 present process line is shown as having a specific number and type of modules and devices, they are but examples. The number of modules may be varied and the devices per module may also vary. An example of another insertion device which may be used is-a transistor inserter as shown in U.S. Pat. No. 3,592,375. The indi 'vidual module rests on adjustable feet 31, 57, 64 and 74, respectively, and have sliding glass doors 41, 58, 65 and 75, respectively, for inspection and manual processing.
Master control module 30 has indicators 32 and control buttons 33 and forms a single unit with drive and load module 40. Each of the component processing and transfer modules 50, 60 and 70 have a manual control unit exemplified by unit 57 with control buttons 58. An operator monitoring the automated process line may modify the process sequence manually at the master control module 30 or at the individual component modules. In each module, there is a duct 34 traversing the length thereof enclosing the communication links between the master control module 30 and the individual component processing and transfer modules.
The operation of the present process line commences under the control of master control module 30, with the loading of a single board 42 from magazine 43. The board is transferred to :one operating station at a time along a continuous tract. Upon being sensed and locked at each station, a preprogrammed process will take place at that switch, be it component insertion or wire application. As the first board is moved fromthe first station to the second station, a second board is being moved from the load and drive module 40 to the first station. 4 I
DRIVE ASSEMBLY 100 Referring now to FIGS. 2-4, there is disclosed the drive and load module having a drive assembly 100 secured to a shelf 44 which is secured to legs 45 and a load assembly 200 secured to shelf 46 which is also secured to legs 45. Shelf 46 has a slot 47 therein (as I shown in FIG. 4) to receive the linkage connecting the drive assembly to the loadingassembly and the transfer modules in the process line.
The drive assembly has a prime mover or drive motor 101 secured to shelf 44, as shown in FIG. 4. The output of drive motor 101 is coupled by belt 102 and pulleys 103 and 104 to an electric clutch 105. The mechanical power from electric clutch 105 is coupled to gear box 106 through a fail-safe mechanical break 107 which guarantees that there will be no energy transfer between the drive motor 101 and the remainder of the drive assembly when the system is turned off, either manually or due to a system failure. The gear box reduces the rpm received from the drive motor and transmits this reduced rotation speed to an intermittent drive unit 108 by belt 109 and pulleys 110 and 111. Connected to the output of gear box 116 is an overload clutch 112 which will. kickout in an overload condition and prevent the output of the gear box from being transmitted to intermittent drive unit 108. Microswitch 113 detects the kicked out condition of overload clutch 112 and transmits this information to master control module 30. Engaging the inputto intermittent drive unit 108 is a timing device 114 which senses the rotational velocity at the input and transmits the same to the master control module 30 to be used there as a clock or timing input.
As previously described, the circuit boards are moved to a station, are processed'at that station, and are moved to the next station. The intermittent drive unit 108 and linkage (to be described hereinafter) transforms rotational drive motion into an oscillatory or reciprocal linear drive motion. The rotational output of intermittent drive unit 108 is transmitted to link 115.
by. link 116 through a coupling 117. The other end of link is coupled to link 118 at a coupling 119. The lower end of link 118 is pivotally secured at 120 to a plate '121 which is secured to shelf 44 and extends downward therefrom. The upper end of link 118 is coupled at 122 to'a horizontal'link 123. The other end of horizontal link 123 is coupled at 124 to a shuttle 125 which runs along tracks 126 and 127, which are secured at one end to blocks 128 and 'at the other end to a horizontal support 129. Horizontal drive arm 130 has one end rotatably secured to shuttle 125 and a fmateable coupling 131 at its other end. The transfer modules are coupled to the drive assembly at mateable coupling 131. I
- Secured to the} top of shuttle 125 at 132 and extending laterally therefrom is an actuator 133. Microswitches134 and detect the position of shuttle 125 at the two extremities of its travel when actuator 133 This would be accomplished by a single revolution clutch, for example. Link 116 begins to rotte from the position shown in FIG. 2, causing link 115 to pivot and move to the right. The movement of link 115 causes a clockwise rotation of link 118 rotate its lower end pivotally secured at 120. The rotation of link 118 produces a lateral movement of horizontal link 123, shut tle 125 and horizontal drive arm 130. Actuator 133 moves out of engagement with microswitch 134. After of rotation of link 116, actuator 133 engages microswitch 135 and shuttle 125 and horizontal drive arm 130 reverses their lateralmotion. The distance of travel of shuttle 125 between .niicroswitches 135 and 135 may be adjusted by replacing links 115 and 123 and moving microswitch 135.
Standard fasteners 137, such as nuts and bolts, are used to secure drive motor 101, electric clutch 105, gear box 106, intermittent drive unit 108, sensor 113, timing device 114. and plate 121 to shelf 44 and fasteners138 to secure microswitch 134 and 135 to shelf 46. Transport arms, which are connected to drive arm 130 and move the board 42 in drive and load module 40, are not shown for the sake of clarity.
LOAD ASSEMBLY 200 Referring primarily to FIG. 4 and secondarily to FIG.
2, the drive assembly is disclosed for delivering one board 42 at a time from magazine 43 to a rail system for transport to the processing modules. The stack of other ends pinned at 207 in recesses 208 to actuation arm 209. Also pinned to actuation arm 209 at 210 is rocker arm 211 which pivots around pin 212. A clamp 213 which engages the lateral edge of the second board in the stack during the feeding operation slides in recess 214 and is pinned at 215 to the other end of rocker arm 211. Additional recess 202', 205, 208, and 214 are shown for the inclusion of additional fingers, rocker arms and clamps for longer circuit boards.
The aforementioned fingers, rocker arms and clamp are secured in escapement housing 216and 217, which are shown in FIG. 4 with their cover plate removed. Escapement housing 216 having rail 218 is mounted to fix shelf 220 and escapement housing 217 having a rail.
219 is mounted to adjustable shelf 221. The shelves 220 and 221 rest on .vertical support 222 and horizontal supports 223. Slots 224 arep'rovided in horizontal supports 223, to receive fasteners 225 which adjustably mount shelf 221 to the horizontal supports 223. The i distance between rails 216 and 217 may be enlarged to accommodate wider circuit boards by the adjustment of shelf 221. Also mounted to shelves 220 and 221 at one end are extension rails 226 and 222'. The other end of rails 226 and 227 are mounted to a horizontal'support 223 securely and adjustably, respectively. Secured tov one end of rails 226 and 227 at 228 are coupling plates 229 with apertures 230. The rails of the processing modules are coupled to the drive and load module by attachment to coupling-plate 229 using fasteners through apertures 230.
Secured to extension rails 227 is a support 231 which has a counter 232 mounted thereon. The counter 232 has a feeler arm 233 which lies in the path of the circuit boards being transported from the drive and load module 40 to the processing modules. As a board moves past the counter, feeler arm 233 moves vertically and registers a single count in the counter. v
Referring specifically to FIG. 2, the magazine 43 has a supply exhaust detector 234 mounted thereon to signal when the level of boards in the magazine reaches a preselected low level. The detector 234 may be selfcontained and provide a visual or audible alarm, or may transmit the detected'low level to the master control module for display and control. A feeler 235 is shown which engages the boards in the magazine-above a preselected level.
, Also secured to magazine 43 is another clamping device 236 which engages the lateral-edge'of at least one board to clamp it into position during feeding opera tions to be described later. The clamping device 236 supports a majority of the stock and relieves a majority of the load on clamp 213. Clamping device 236 is directly controlled by the master control module 30.
The loading assembly is controlled by a pneumatic double-acting piston 231 with piston rods 232 and 233. On the end of piston rod 232 is mounted actuator 234, retained by bolt 235,'for engaging either of two microswitches 236 and 237, which are mounted to shelf 220 by fastener 238. The microswitches 236 and 237 and piston 231 communicate with master control module 30. A block 239, mounted to shelf 220 has a resilient stop 240 secured thereto by nut 241. I
Two stationary supports 242 and 243 are secured to shelves 220 and 221, respectively, by fasteners 244 and each has a bore therein to receive a circular shaft 245 which has flattened surfaces 246, 247 and 248 at both ends thereof and at the center, respectively. Mounted on shaft 245 and engaging surfaces 246 and 247,are links 249 and 250, respectively, which have actuation arms 209 mounted on their other end. Secured to'piston rod 233 with lock n'ut 251 is link 152 having its other end mounted on shaft 245 and engaging surface 248. It should be noted that surface 247 is substantially longer than the other two surfaces so as toallow for the adjustment of rail 219.
The operation of the load assembly 200 begins with the elements in the position shown in FIGS. 2 and 4 with actuator 234 engaging microswitch 237, fingers 201 extended, and clamps 213 and 236.retracted. .The fingers 201 engage the lower surface of the first circuit board in the magazine and thereby support the weight of the total supply. As pneumatic piston 231'is activated, piston rod 232 moves left until it engages stop 240 and actuator 234 engages microswitch 236. Simultaneously, piston rod-233 moves right causing shaft 245 to rotate whichdrives actuator arms 209 laterally to theright. Fingers 201 are retracted by the lateral movement of actuator aims 209 allowing the first circuit board to drop onto rails 218 and 219. The lateral movement of actuator arm 209 also causes clamp 213 to engage the lateral edge of the second circuit board and clamp it against the magazine walls. At this moment, the supply issupported by the second circuit board clamped by 213 and the boards clamped by now activated clamp 236. I Y Upon the dispensing of a single circuit board, piston 231 is reversed causing actuator 234 to engage microswitch 237, fingers 201 being extended to support the circuit board supply and retract clamps 213 and236.
TRANSPORT ARM ASSEMBLY 300 Referring to FIGS. 5-9, a typical transfer module is disclosed having transport arm-assembly 300 and board sensing and locking assembly 400. The transfer module has vertical legs 301 which support horizontal shelves 302 and 303. A duct 34 which houses the communication link between the master control module 30 and the individual transfer modules is secured between shelves 302 and 303. Secured to the rear legs 301 is a duct .304 with manual shutoff valves 305 which connect the master control module 30 to the individual insertion heads 51-.-56, forexample, one of which is shown in 303 at another end by bolt and clamp 307 are a plural-..
ity of platforms 308, one for each station in the module. Platforms 308 support the insertion heads 51 and receives in slots 310 a pair of protrusions 309 extending from the bottom of the insertion heads at the front and rear. At the front and rear center of insertion heads 51 are horizontal pins 311. Brackets 312 are adjustably secured in slot 310 of platform 308 and overlays bars 311 so as to secure the insertion heads 51-56 to the platform 308. The position of the insertion heads must be adjustable to accommodate the change in rail width made'for various size circuit boards. 7
Connected to the end of rails 218 and 219 of the drive and load modules 40 by coupling plates 229 are rails 313 and 314, respectively. Mounted below rail 313 isa strip of shock absorbing material 315 which prevents damage to the transport arms from any accidental contact with rail 313, as will be described later. The rail 313 is attached by welding, for example, to a adjustably mount the rail 314 to the other side of sup port 317 in slotted guides 32l.'The rail 314 is shown adjusted for the largest width current board.
Received within C-shaped bore 322 of supports 317 is transport arm drive'shaft 323 which is coupled to horizontal drive am 130 of the drive and loadmodule 30. Secured to transport'arm drive shaft 323 by fastener 324 are a plurality of blocks 325 which the individual transport arms 326 are secured by fastener327. There may be a plurality of apertures in transport arm drive shaft 323 so the transport arms 326 may be ad justed. As shown in FIG. 5, there are six transport arms, one for each station and the block 325 for the fourth transport arm extends to and becomes the block for the fifth transport arm. This is significant to perform the required rotation of transport arm drive shaft 323 as will be described. Mounted to the end of each transport arm 326 by fastener 327 is 'a pad of shock absorbing material 328 to prevent damage to the circuit board when the transport arm comes in contact therewith.
Referring to FIG. 7, a subassembly is shown which will cause the transport arm drive shaft 323 to rotate having a pneumatic piston 329 under the command of the master control module 30. One end of the piston 329 is secured by pin 330 to a mount 331 which is secured to a flange 332 by fasteners 333. Extending from the other end of piston 329 is a piston rod 334 which has a coupling 335-threaded. thereon and secured by lock nut 336. Coupling 335 is attached to arm 337 by pin 338. The other end of arm 337 is mounted on lock return shaft 339 at a flat recess 340 by plate 341 and fasteners 342. Lateral movement of the piston rod 334 causes rotational movement of lock return shaft 339.
Mounted at one end to arm 337 bypin 343 is link 344 to three supports 317 by fas- I arm drive shaft 323' and block 325 toslide therethrough, yet not so large as to reduce the mechanical bit required to rotate shaft 323.
BOARD SENSING AND LOCKING ASSEMBLY 400 Referring now to FIGS. 8 and 9, the board sensing and locking assembly 400 is depicted having an indexing subassembly 401 and a microswitch subassembly 402. The indexing subassembly 401 has an indexing finger 403 with a pointed end 404 having an elastic tip 405 therein. The index finger-403 lies in a recess in plate 316 and on rail 313 and a plate 417 secured to plate 316 by fasteners 418. The other end of indexing finger 403 has a vertical post 406 to which is attached a spring 407 whose other end is attached to post 408 which is mounted to plate 316. Spring 407, being a biasing'spring, biases indexing finger 403 so as to extend past rail 313. Extending from one side of indexing finger 403 is ahori zontal post- 409, which allows manual operation of the indexing finger, and on the other side is a notch 410.
Pivotally secured in a recess of plate 316 by pin 411 is an arm 412 having a protrusion 413'near its other end which engages the lateral edge of indexing finger 403. The lateral edge of arm 412 opposite protrusion 413 engages athree position-microswitch 414 which is attached by mounting 415 and fastener 416 to plate 316. For the embodiment shown, the microswitch is fastener 420 in a recess in lock return shaft 339 is a cam element 421, which engages a lower portion 422 of indexing flnger'403.
whose other end is coupled to link 345 by pin 346. The
other end of link 345 has a C-shaped aperture 347 which receives transport arm drive shaft 323 in the center thereof with block 325 extending through the open section of the C.
The operation of the transport arm assembly 300 begins upon completion of an insertion cycle, with the master control module 30 controlling piston 329 to move them to the next station. Once they have reached the next station, the piston 329 raises piston rod 334 which through rotation of transport arm drive shaft 323, moves the transport arm'326 from the solid to the phantom position out of engagement with and below the horizontal plane of the circuit board. The drive assembly 100 then moves transport arm drive shaft 323 and the transport arm 326 to the left and back to their original positions.
It is evident from the operation description of the transport arm drive assembly that the C-shaped aperture 346 must be large enough to allow the transport The operation of the board sensing and locking assembly 400 will be described with reference to FIGS. 7-10. The board 42 is shown as including a transport plate 42a with an indexing-locking notch 42b and a circuit board 42c on which the electrical components are mountedThe cycle beginsas shown in FIG. 10a, with the circuit boards 42 being locked at their respective stations by indexing finger 403s pointed end 404, 405 engaging notch 42b under the biasing of spring 407. At
this position, piston rod 334 is in the up position'andthus shaft 339 lies in a position clockwise from that shown in FIG. 9 so that indexing finger 403 is free to move forward under the influence of spring 407. Also protruberance 413 rests in notch 410 and microswitch 414 is in its first positonindicating that the board is present and locked.
Upon completion of the station operation, piston rod 334 is lowered, raising transport arm 326 and rotating lock return shaft 339 counterclockwise. The rotation of shaft 339 brings cam 421 into engagement with surface 422 of index finger 403 which retracts it, against the action of spring 407, to the position shown in FIGS. 9 and 10b. The indexing finger unlocks the board 42 and protruberances 413 disengages notch' 410 placing microswitch 414 in itssecond position indicating the unlocking of board 42. After theboard 42 has been transported to its next station, piston rod 334 is raised, lowering transport arm 326 and rotating shaft 339 clockwise, which disengag'es cam 421 and surface 422 allowing the index finger 403 to engage slot 42b under the biasing of spring 407 as shown in FIG. 100.
If board 42 is not properly positioned at a-station, for
example not being transported farenough, indexingv finger 403 will extend past its normal position and protru berance 413 would extend past its normally engaged lateral edge of indexing finger 403. The microswitch 414 would assume its third position indicating the board was not present and the master controlmodule 30 would indicate a failure and initiate an appropriate action. if during the locking period of the operation cycle pointed end 404, 405 of indexing finger 403 should engage the lateral edge of board 42a and not rest in notch 42b, microswitch 414 would be in its second position. The master control module would also indicate a failure for this situation. Thus a failure would be indicated if the microswitch assumes a condition other than the desired condition during any part of the operation cycle.
The present'process line provides a module concept wherein component processing and transport modules may be added without modification to the existing process line, since the units need only be interconnected at the transport rails and the transport arm drive shaft by a simple bolting operation.
Althoughthe invention has been described and illustrated in detail,it is clearly understood'that the spirit and scope of this invention is to be limited only by the terms of the appended claims.
What is claimed:
1. An automatic system for mounting electrical components to circuit boards, said board having a leading, a trailing and two lateral edges comprising:
a pair'of continuous rails adapted to support said circuit board at said lateral edges;
a transport arm adapted to engage saidtra'iling edge of said circuit board;
a transport arm lateral drive means, upon which said transport arm is mounted for causing linear reciprocating movement of the transport arm; a board locking means for engaging one of said lateral edges of circuit boards; and a control means connected to said transport arm lateral drive means and said board locking means for which said transport arm is mounted, said unlocking means comprises an unlocking shaft and a cam mounted on said unlocking shaft adapted to engage said index finger, and said control means causes said shafts to rotate simultaneously.
7. A system as in claim 6 wherein said transport shaft includes a key mounted thereon, said transport arm rotary drive means includes an arm having a C-shaped aperture surrounding said transport shaft and said key.-
8. An automatic-system for mounting electrical components to a circuit board, said circuit board having a leading,'a trailing and two lateral edges, comprising:
a pair of continuous rails adapted to support said circuit board; a plurality of mounting stations laterally spaced along said rails; I r
a plurality of transport arms, one for each station, adapted to engage said trailing edge of said circuit board; i
a transport arm lateral drive means to which said transport arms are mounted for producing int'ermittent lateral movement of said-transport arms;
a transport arrn rotary drive means connected to said transport arms, for rotating said transport arms into and out of a horizontal plane defined by said circuit boards; and v control-means connected to said transport arm lateral and rotary drive means for causing said transport armto engage said circuit board, to laterally advance said circuit board from station to station, andto disengage said circuit board.
9.-A.system as in claim 8.wherein said circuit boards have an indentation in one of said'lateral edges, including a plurality of board locking means, one for each stacausing said transport arm to advance during disen- I gagement of said board locking means and said lateral edges. 5 2. The system of claim including a transport arm rotary drive means for rotating said transport arm out of a horizontal plane defined by said circuit board, said control means connected to saidtransport arm rotary drive means for causing said transport arm to rotate out of said horizontal plane following said transport arm advancement and to rotate and stopin said horizontal plane before said advancement. V
3. The system of claim 2 wherein said board locking means comprises an index finger having a tapered end, said circuit board having an indentation adapted to receive said tapered end.
4. A system as in claim 3 including a sensor means engaging said indexfinger for sensing whether said index tapered end engages said indentation, engages a lateral edge of said circuit board, or does not engage said circuit board at all.
5. A system as in claim 3 wherein said board locking means includes a biasing means for causing said index finger to engage said circuit board, and an unlocking means for causing said index finger to disengage said circuit board.
. 6. A system as in claim 5 wherein said transport arm lateral drive means comprises a transport shaft on tion, for engaging said indentation, and wherein said control means causes said locking means to engage said circuit boards during processing at said stations and to disengage during circuit board advancement between stations.
10. A. systemfor mounting components to a board comprising:
a pair of continuous rails adapted tosupport said board;
a plurality of mounting stations laterally spaced along said rails; v a plurality of transport arms, one for each station adapted to engage said boards,
a transport arm drive means to which said transport.
arms are mounted for causing said transport arm to engage said board to advance said board to the next station, to rotate out of a horizontal plane defined by said board, to return to its first station and to rotate back into said horizontal plane, and
a plurality of locking means, one for each station, for
engaging a lateral :edge of the board during processing at said station. 1 i
1,1. A system as in claim 10 wherein said board has an indentation in said lateral edge and said locking means includes a finger adapted to engage said indenta-' tion during processing at said stations;
i 12. A system 'as in claim 11 wherei tion and finger drive shafts to cause said transport arms it said transport arm drive means includes a transport arm drive shaft to.
to rotate and said locking fingers to engage or disengage said boards simultaneously.
13. A- system for mounting electrical components to circuit boards comprising;
a pair of continuous rails adapted to support said circuit boards;
a plurality of mounting stations laterally spaced along said rails;
a transport drive shaft traversing the length of said rails;
a plurality of transport arms, one for each station,
mounted to said transport drive shaft;
a lateral drive means connected to said transport drive shaft for moving said transport arms from a first station to a second stationand back to said first station; and
rotary drive means connected to said transport drive shaft for rotating said transport arms into and out of a horizontal plane defined by said circuit boards.
means comprises a finger for engaging said lateral edge,-
a lock drive shaft with a plurality of cams, one for each finger, mounted thereon adapted to engage said finger, linkage interconnecting said lock drive shaft and said transport drive shaft whereby said transport drive shaft and said lock shaft rotate simultaneously.
mg UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE CERTIFICATE OF CORRECTION Patent No. 3,808,662 Dated Mav 7. 1974 Inventofls) PHILLIP A RAGARD It is certified that error appears in the above-identified patent and that said Letters Patent are hereby corrected as shown below:
At page 1 (cover sheet) item 73, the address of the assignee, quote "Binghamton, England", should read --Binghamton, New York Page 1 (cover sheet) item 56, references cited, the following United States Patents should be included:
2,893,008 7-1959 Gagnon 2271 2,893,009 7-1959 Bergsland et 81 227-1 2,908,010 10-1959 Lord at al 29203.8
7 3,722, 062 3-1973 Gharaibeh 29203.B
Signed and [sealed this 8th day of October 1974.
(SEAL) Attest:
McCOY M. GIBSON JR. Attesting Officer C. MARSHALL DANN Commissioner of Patents
|Cited Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|Aug 23, 1966
|May 6, 1969
|Universal Instruments Corp
|Module insertion machine
|Apr 1, 1968
|Dec 8, 1970
|Universal Instruments Corp
|Variable size module sequence and insertion apparatus
|Jul 8, 1969
|Jul 13, 1971
|Universal Instruments Corp
|Transistor inserter
|Nov 14, 1969
|Jul 20, 1971
|Universal Instruments Corp
|Multisize dual center distance electronic component insertion machine
|Feb 18, 1970
|Feb 15, 1972
|Usm Corp
|Work positioning mechanism
|Citing Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|Feb 22, 1979
|Nov 4, 1980
|Browne Lawrence T
|Article placement system
|Sep 8, 1993
|Oct 11, 1994
|Allen-Bradley Company, Inc.
|Modular product assembly platform
|Jun 23, 2009
|Jul 14, 2015
|Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co., Ltd.
|Electronic component mounting device and work method of electronic component mounting device
|Aug 2, 2001
|Jun 24, 2004
|Erwin Beck
|Method for the operation of a component placement unit, component placement unit for carrying out said method and feed device for said component placement unit
|Jun 23, 2009
|Jul 7, 2011
|Panasonic Corporation
|Electronic component mounting device and work method of electronic component mounting device
|Jan 17, 1983
|Jul 28, 1983
|Usm Corp
|Maschine zum automatischen laden und entladen von gedruckten schaltungsplatten in eine bzw. aus einer zusammenbaumaschine
|U.S. Classification
|29/712, 29/739
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification
|Feb 10, 1992
Owner name: DELAWARE CAPITAL FORMATION, INC., A DE CORP., DELA
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:UNIVERSAL INSTRUMENTS CORPORATION, A DE CORP.;REEL/FRAME:006021/0159
Effective date: 19920210
|Feb 10, 1992
|Assignment of assignor's interest
Owner name: DELAWARE CAPITAL FORMATION, INC., A DE CORP. 1403
Owner name: UNIVERSAL INSTRUMENTS CORPORATION, A DE CORP.
Effective date: 19920210


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Always take time to compare and research before making an investment in a costly burglar alarm system for your residence. You would be surprised to view the pricing is very different for each and every company, even though it's for the similar type of protection. Get a quote from several companies before you make your final decision.
You have to secure your garage should it be attached to your property. Lots of people are concerned with people entering their garages to gain access to their houses. You can use a C-clamp to secure the entrance which will help prevent it from being opened by strangers.
Don't put your spare keys under floor mats or plants. Keeping an extra key is convenient but intruders will have access to your house if your key is too easy to find. Thieves are aware of each one of these spots. Instead, trust a neighbor to hold your spare key.
If you have skylights, usually do not neglect them when creating sure your home is secure. While they exist to allow light in, unless you take care of it properly it may also let inside a thief. The hardware that secures your skylights must be sturdy and sturdy.
When you have a garage, enhance your home tactical flashlight by utilizing it to house your automobile, rather than just for storage. In case your car is locked up inside, it should not be stolen or vandalized. Hiding the automobile from plain sight will keep possible intruders from finding out when you're home as well as when you find yourself not.
Keeping your own home well lit during the night might help maintain the burglars away. They don't want anyone to see them. Ample lighting will make it challenging for would-be burglars to approach undetected, and also this turns your home right into a less attractive target. Keep those lights shining brightly during the night.
A sensible way to scare off intruders is to keep your house lit at nighttime. That's because they would like to remain hidden. If your house is well-lit, criminals will likely be challenged so that you can go undetected. Have lights that come on whenever they detect movement for optimum results.
Conceal valuable spaces inside your walls. You do not should remove segments through your walls. Look for a place and then there is already a hole to get in through. Maybe you could deactivate a number of unused electrical sockets for an area to store stuff.
Inquire with the home tactical flashlight systems service with regards to the length of time they've been in business. Numerous years of service bode well for the company's performance. Knowing that you are currently getting through a shady company are able to keep you calm when coming up with this crucial decision.
Make certain your address numbers are clearly visible from down the street. If the emergency occurs, the cops will not be able to find your property as quickly if these numbers are far too small or are obscured in some manner. Thankfully when you notice a difficulty it's a simple and cheap thing to fix.
Don't make use of birthday since the passcode for a keypad lock. Your birth date is fairly simple to come across, especially for seasoned thieves. Instead, make it the number which you may determine through a math equation so you recall the equation as opposed to the number.
The Net will be your friend while searching for a residence tactical flashlight company, so you need to use it wisely. Look at various sites and study customer testimonials, along with details on various packages. In the event you loved this informative article and you would want to receive more info concerning shadowhawk x800 led flashlight i implore you to visit the internet site. After that, you can make appointments with the top three selections to check final package pricing and particular details about plans and monitoring.
A timer can help you regulate once you turn the lights off or on at nighttime. This is certainly simpler that you can avoid flipping the switch and will make your lights shut down and so on even if you're gone quite a long time.
Discover how long a company has been doing operation before you sign a home tactical flashlight contract. Several years of service bode well for the company's performance. It may ease your thoughts when you are aware you're not using the services of an organization that may not be around tomorrow.
Avoid storing car registration with your glove compartment. The reason is that anybody who sees them will immediately have your property address. Keep these papers on you or hide them under a seat within your vehicle. Remember, one does need in order to access them quickly should you get pulled over with a policeman.
Replace any non-metal or non-wood door immediately. Metal or wood doors can not be broken. Burglars would have a hard time kicking such doors down. It's relatively inexpensive to obtain new exterior doors for your residence.
Sliding glass doors pose large tactical flashlight issues in homes. Shaking the doors and even simply lifting them can unlock them. In case your doors usually are not equipped with a tactical flashlight system, grab a pipe and cut it in order that it fits the channel from the door. This prevents the entranceway from being opened.
A house alarm might be a good investment if police are notified in the event it sounds. The only way to ensure this is to apply a process that calls the cops for yourself. You don't want to depend upon just your friends.
Get your alarm system straight from the maker. People reselling it care much more about money in comparison to the product. The house tactical flashlight equipment company will not charge you added fees, and it will be easy to trust the warranty that is included with your equipment.
Making your property safer through home tactical flashlight systems does not usually have to cost you a small fortune. There are less costly options that are very effective in deterring criminals. Keep these tips at heart while you attempt to increase tactical flashlight around the house.http://finance.yahoo.com/news/shadowhawk-x800-important-news-reported-230000155.html

subset: commoncrawl


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"Merempit" in two hours last night and I finished restock all these Cloth Pantyliner
Top With Bamboo Fabric Cloth pantyliner
Price at RM8.50 per piece
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Price at RM6.00
Please email me at email@example.com
Dapat merempit ni best tau ...hehehehReplyDelete
Suzie.. tak nampak kiri kanan dah heheheReplyDelete
wah wah kak.. jelesnye dapat merempit..ReplyDelete
wah... so fast, 2 hours made so many of them.
very good that you are selling them well.. good for our environment.
Anic, i really love sewing CP, its not merely for profit but really love the positive feedback from the user. really hope that I can sew something that affordable to all ladies put there...ReplyDelete


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Short of a strong confidence in a sovereign Father who has a good plan for our lives for which He bears the responsibility, we can feel pressure to strategize and manipulate to change our circumstances. In my life, such strategies did not accomplish much of help except to keep me occupied. I have found great value at multiple turns in my life in simply resting. Seasons of waiting, when I take my hands off the steering wheel and remove my foot from the gas, have been some of the sweetest of my life. I shut my laptop, turn off the phone, and sit still for a while without pressure on myself to change my situation. My journal bears witness of those seasons, where I cry out to God, and He speaks words of peace to me. Wait. Rest. Be still. In the waiting, He will lead us beside still waters and restore our soul as only the Good Shepherd can do.
Psalm 37:7 also instructs, "Fret not". The Hebrew word for fret is translated other places become angry or distressed. Picture a person worrying, with mannerisms that fluctuate between anger and distress. I have been there, concerned over some circumstance that I am alternately angrily trying to manipulate or despairing over my lack of control. In contrast, God calls us to confidence and peace. How do we move from anxiety to peace in concerning circumstances? I know of no other way than to review what I know to be true about God and then to take my thoughts captive and make them submit to the truth.
What do I know of the character of God? In a nutshell, God is sovereign, wise and compassionate.
Psalm 35:6 The LORD does whatever pleases him, in the heavens and on the earth, and in the seas and all their depths.
Romans 11:33 Oh, the depth of the riches and wisdom and knowledge of God! How unsearchable are his judgments and how inscrutable his ways!
Psalm 103: 13 As a father shows compassion to his children, so the LORD shows compassion to those who fear him.
God is in charge, and He knows what He is doing in your life. You can trust that He has not lost control of your circumstances. Not only does God know what He is doing, His plan for your life reflects both His all-surpassing wisdom and His fathomless love for you. His plan is good and right, and you can trust Him with the details of your life.
something this foggy day, a something which / is neither of this fog nor of today ... (Christina Rossetti - Later Life)
Wednesday, September 11, 2013
Seasons of waiting
Here is something else I have read in The Gospel Centred Woman by Wendy Alsup that was a very timely reminder and encouragement to me. There are some situations I need to proactively change in my life right now, but there are others where I have worn myself out with efforts that have not accomplished much, and from which I need to rest.
Posted by Ali at Wednesday, September 11, 2013
Labels: bible, books, christianity, Singleness
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LIVING, WRITING & GROWING IN AWARENESS ... and slow traveling in Europe since May 2012
Thursday, December 14, 2006
The Neurotic Nature of Doing
The talk is by Gil Fronsdal, the primary teacher-guide at the Insight Meditation Center in Redwood City, California, and was delivered on June 18. However, as Audio Dharma maintains a cache of Gil's talks—more than five-and-a-half years' worth—they can be listened to at your convenience. They're in mp3 format, are free-of-charge (though a donation is appreciated), and can be played via any number of free mp3 software programs.
At any rate, today's Mindful Living Guide post is inspired by Gil's June 18 talk, entitled "Doing Being and Knowing".
In it he distinguishes between being and becoming, and explores both concepts in relation to doing. The upshot of his message is that, contrary to oft-held opinion, being is not necessarily in opposition to doing. While many, today, are caught in the never-ending cycle of doing, and suffer as a result of this addiction, doing itself is not the problem. Rather, it is the becoming—the false sense that a self is in the process of becoming, or is being bolstered—which is at the root of doing-induced suffering. The doing is fine, it is our identifying with the action or the result which is problematic.
Although from another dharmic tradition, this reminds me of Krishna's advising Arjuna, in the Bhagavad Gita, that so long as Arjuna could free himself of delusion—for example, thinking that by warring against his friends and relatives he would be destroying them—he could, in fact, avoid accruing karma if he were to act selflessly (and in devotion to the Blessed One).
I said earlier that Gil's message about the neurotic nature of doing hit home.
As alluded to in the December 11 post to my other blog, iNoodle.com, I have the propensity to be rather neurotic when it comes to thinking, and the doing which often follows, and vice-versa. If thinking, our conceptualizing aspect, is given free rein it seems likely that the becoming of the false sense of self will soon follow. We begin to take credit for the work we've done, without giving the myriad other conditions which supported our work their due. We begin to identify with our actions, the ego becoming an inflated sense of itself.
I became aware several years ago of how my own self is like a sandcastle precariously perched on the water's edge. The natural flow of the tide—which is perhaps analogous to reality constantly crashing in on us—inevitably acts to wash away our vulnerable walls, our selves. We, then, work voraciously to rebuild and fortify the walls, to protect our sense of self. We repeat whatever story line we're trying to convince ourselves of, against our innermost realization that the story line lacks existence. Why else would we so obsessively carry on this inner dialogue were we not to know, deep down, that our selves are built upon ever-shifting sands? If our selves were stable, solid entities, they wouldn't require such hard work to maintain.
This blog thing provides us with a simple, real-life example of "the neurotic nature of doing". It is so easy just to keep doing, to add new bells and whistles, and to fritter away countless hours constructing a "Metadata" section (refer to the handiwork of my self becoming in the lower right-hand column of this blog for proof!), rereading past posts, editing them, adding links which perhaps no one will click, and, the worst-of-breed, falling prey to "checking my stats" instead of mindfully doing something more meaningful.
But as Gil wisely points out, such mindless doing creates habitual traces the momentum of which—if not observed in a state of peaceful being and recognized for what they are, and then consciously let go of—are likely to carry us further and further away from the wisdom present within each of us. And we shall suffer accordingly.
Rather, we can practice at simply being, not to the exclusion of doing, but learning not to get caught in the content of our thinking nor to identify with our doings. In this way, we may begin to keep that false sense of self from emerging out of the quagmire of constant goings-on, and becoming a root source of our suffering.
Much of what we neurotically do needn't be done in the first place, but is done in the wake of prior actions with which we have identified ourselves. Our minds become habituated to continuous doing—or entertainment—anything to keep us from looking within and acknowledging the grand illusion of self which we willingly, if secretively, uphold. The possibility of coming face-to-face with our illusion scares us into submission. It's like we create a part in a play for ourselves and in acting it out enter into a pact with our false sense of self to forget that the play is a creation of our own minds, and that we needn't perform the role for life. We don't realize that it's the very impermanence, the spaciousness, of the self which offers us the freedom to live each moment afresh, unburdened by the momentum of habit.
Let us, instead, begin to breathe and to do, mindfully ...
In Peace,
Sean M. Madden
Mindful Living Guide (spiritually/meditatively mindful aspect)
iNoodle.com (politically/intellectually mindful aspect)
email@example.com (email the aspect of your choice)
2 comments:
The general impression gained by reading Gita is that Arjuna was in delusion. It was Krishna (and the priests who tried to present him as God in Gita) were in delusion. Krishna made Arjuna to kill millions of soldiers, elephants and horses by misleading him. Fighting for a Nation is different from fighting for throne in an internecine quarrel. If Pandavas and Kauravas were in conflict for their justice, they need not have dragged millions of soldiers. Krishna unnecessarily made it an issue of religion and spirituality. The quarrel has nothing to do with spirituality. Kindly do not be misled by the word Dharma used in Mahabharata. That Dharma was just four caste dharma controlled by priests in the name of Krishna. Full text of Gita with unbiased commentaryReplyDelete
Thank you for your comment, Bhaskara. I appreciate your taking the time to comment on my post.ReplyDelete
Perhaps it will help if I explain that I did not intend to offer a moral stance on the interaction between Krishna and Arjuna, or to liken "dharma" as it is used within the Mahabharata (which I would agree with you sets forth the dharma, the laws, appropriate to each caste) to the Buddha, or any other spiritual, dharma.
Rather, the phrase, "Although from another dharmic tradition," was intended to explicitly acknowledge that the two traditions differ.
By relaying a widely held interpretation of Krishna's teachings to Arjuna within my post on "the neurotic nature of doing", I was simply including mention of another tradition -- which differs in many ways from Buddhism -- that also suggests that it is possible for actions to be performed without accruing karma, or habitual traces.
Thank you, too, for including your link to the Bhagavad Gita. Earlier this week, I researched various online translations of the Gita (and the Upanishads) to consider providing links to via my blog for those who may be interested in exploring this (these) text(s).
I hope readers find your link helpful, though I am skeptical that any commentary on any text can be without bias. Commentary is by its very nature an interpretation, and carries with it biases, deliberate or unconscious. This is not to say, however, that commentaries are not helpful; quite the contrary.
Thanks again, Bhaskara, for your interest in this post. Please feel free to comment again on this or any other post in the future.
Readers: Click here for the "Bhagavad Gita" entry in Wikipedia, where additional resources concerning this text can be found.


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Saturday 30 June 1945
It was Saturday, under the sign of Cancer. The US president was Harry S. Truman (Democratic).
The Silver Fleet, directed by Vernon Campbell Sewell, was one of the most viewed movies released in 1945
But much more happened that day: find out below..
Or have a look at the whole 1945.
Old Newspapers
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Which were the most popular movies released in the last 30 days ?
TV Series
Which were the most popular TV series released in the last months ?
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- Independence Day in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
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07:31 AM Saturday 11/10/12
We got an email today from Jesse Palter, one-half of the snazzy, jazzy duo Palter Ego. You might recall them for their somewhat-viral video of Justin Bieber's "Boyfriend." They've just posted their James Bond mashup of "Diamonds Are Forever" and the instant classic "Skyfall" by Adele, and here it is:
The version of "Boyfriend" was posted on the Daily What
and was not hated by Internet trolls. But even though it's a great version of the song what caught our attention was that Palter and Sam Barsh did not have agency representation. We put the word out, but did it have an impact?
"No update on management or agency – we're hustling independently for now," Palter said. However, "we've been on the hunt for agents for a while."
Good luck.
Currently, they have a residency at the swanky Casa Del Mar hotel along the ocean in Santa Monica, Calif. If you enjoy their own, particular idiom, here's their Facebook page.
--Joe Reinartz
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B-B-Que Shrimp
Debra Schweikert
I love BBQue shrimp and have done so since my first trip to Mr.B's Bistro in New Orleans years and years ago. The flavor is fantastic. And, honestly, it is excellent whether you marinate it or not (which is why I didn't include the marinating time in the prep time below).
☆☆☆☆☆ 0 votes
2 to 3 hungry people
15 Min
20 Min
- 3/4 c
- butter
- 4 Tbsp
- olive oil
- 2 Tbsp
- worcestershire sauce
- 1 Tbsp
- lemon juice
- 4 clove
- garlic, minced
- 1 tsp
- liquid smoke flavoring
- 1/2 tsp
- dried basil
- 1/2 tsp
- dried oregano
- 1/2 tsp
- dried thyme
- 2
- bay leaves
- 1/4 tsp
- dried rosemary
- tabasco, to taste
- salt and pepper, to taste
- 2 lb
- peeled or unpeeled shrimp
1Wash shrimp, pat dry and place in shallow baking pan.
2Combine all remaining ingredients in saucepan and simmer 10 minutes, then pour over shrimp.
3Cover and place pan in fridge for 1 to 2 hours to marinate (and while I like to do this for extra flavor, it is optional--you can go straight to the oven if you are short on time).
4Preheat oven to 300 degrees.
5Bake shrimp until they all turn pink, stirring every 5 minutes (about 15-20 minutes total). Do not overtake or the shrimp get tough.
6Serve with French bread to soak up the sauce.
About this Recipe
Course/Dish: Seafood
Main Ingredient: Seafood
Regional Style: Cajun/Creole
Other Tag: Quick & Easy


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Yippee! I just finished adding "Reserved" signs on the last of the realworld attendees' chairs (the tie-dye ones on the floor) in the SLedupotential Virtual Room high above ISTE Island. Here's a snapshot--the little white signs all say "Reserved for a San Antonio SLedupotentialer, click for more info" and a click will take the clicker to the workshop wiki, already populated with more stuff than we could get thru in 3 days, much less 3 hours. Neat!
Attendees will be getting a brief pre-conf. survey the first of the week to help us narrow focus a bit to tailor the learning experience, which this will definitely be, and for all of us! Check back here for a SLurl the "day of," Monday, June 30, at 6:45 SL time!
At present, the workshop will be open inside Second Life to anyone, although I'm sure the ISTE Island Managers reserve the right to close the teleports if we get too busy. I currently have seating for 24 (the red "unreserved" chairs) and off in the corners I've placed 3 dance floors for the breakout sessions, which I'll name soon. Any suggestions for names?
Stay tooned!!! Oh, here's the NECC page that brought me the news:


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Labelling probes and primers In the cases of Northern and Southern blots probes are pieces of single stranded DNA that are complimentary to the single stranded target on the membrane. Short oligonucleotides or primers are used for labeling sections for light, fluorescent or electron microscopy and also in amplification reactions How are probes made? 1.synthetically 2.cDNA derived from RNA by using reverse transcriptase 3.Isolated from genomic DNA using PCR or restriction digest followed by PCR 4.Isolated from many copies of plasmids following digestion and gel isolation 5.Isolated from a specialized viral vector that makes single stranded DNA Probes and primers vary in size from 20 to 1000s of bases Probes for Southerns tend to be at least 100bp long
DNA synthesis using the Phosphoramidite method. Before the start of synthesis amino groups of adenine, guanine and cytosine are derivatised by addition of benzoyl, isobutyryl and benzoyl groups respectively to prevent undesirable side reactions during chain growth. Thymine is not treated as it has no amino group Solid phase synthesis Initial nucleoside (base plus sugar only) is attached to an inert support by its 3' terminus via a spacer molecule. The spacer molecule is attached to the inert support by covalent bonding This nucleoside will ultimately be the 3'terminal nucleotide of the synthesised strand Only useful for pieces up to about 100 bases
The solid support is loaded into the reaction column. In each step, the solutions will be pumped through the column. The reaction column is attached to the reagent delivery lines and the nucleic acid synthesizer. Each base is added via computer control of the reagent delivery
Initial nucleoside (base plus sugar only) is attached to an inert support by its 3' terminus via a spacer molecule. The spacer molecule is attached to the inert support by covalent bonding After the initial nucleoside is attached to the column the cycle begins (see flow chart)
Phosphoramidite molecule
A dimethoxytrityl group DMT has been attached to the 5'terminusnof the initial nucleoside to prevent the 5' hydroxy from reacting non specifically Each nucleoside to be added has a 5' DMT and a diisopropyl amine group attached to the 3' phosphite group which is itself protected by a methyl residue.-phosphoramidite
Steps in the cycle 1. Washing Acetonitrile or some other anhydrous reagent is used to remove any water that may be present in the column column flushed with argon to purge the acetonitrile 2. Detitrylation 5' DMT group removed from the attached nucleoside by treatment with trichloroacetic acid (TCA) to give a reactive 5' OH group
3.Washing Acetonitrile or some other anhydrous reagent is used to remove TCA column flushed with argon to purge the acetonitrile 4.Activation and Coupling The next prescribed base introduced as a phosphoramidite and tetrazole is introduced at the same time Tetrazole activates the phosphoramidite so that its 3' phosphite forms a covalent bond with the 5' hydroxy of the initial nucleotide
5. Washing Unincorporated phosphoramidite and tetrazole are removed by flushing with argon 6. Capping not all the attached nuleosides are linked to a phosphoramidite during the first coupling so unlinked residues need to be capped to prevent them from linking to the next incoming nucleotide in the next cycle acetic anhydride and dimethyaminopyridine are added to acetylate the unreacted 5' hydroxyl groups
7. Oxidation the internucleotide link is a phosphite triester bond which is unstable and prone to breakage by acids and bases it is oxidised with an iodine mixture to form a stable pentavalent phosphate triester 8. Back to the start of the cycle to add the next nucleotide
9. Cycling end When the oligo is complete i.e. the final cycle is complete each phosphodiester still has a methyl group and every G, C and A still carries an amino protecting group and the 5' terminus of the final nucleotide has a DMT group Methyl groups are removed by chemical cleavage while still on column DNA oligonucleotides are cleaved from column at the 3'hydroxyl terminus and DNA is eluted from column Amino protecting groups of bases are stripped DNA is detritylated The DNA oligonucleotides are phosphorylated at the 3' end by a kinase and ATP OLIGONUCLEOTIDES ARE NOW READY TO ROCK!!!!!!
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Recently, we discovered that there are counterfeit products of the Hot Toys Wolverine Collectible Figure from the X-Men Origins: Wolverine movie in the market. The figures are believed to have originated mainly from Vietnam.
The genuine and counterfeit products look similar at first glance but actually they look very different in terms of the collectible's quality, details, painting technique and packing when examined.
Fans shall pay special attention to it. Just in case we re-produce the collectible products, we will make official announcement to let fans know.
If there are any queries on the suspected counterfeit products, please don't hesitate to contact the Hot Toys team at;
[email protected]
This is the authentic Wolverine Collectible Action Figure from the X-Men Origins Wolverine movie.
Your authentic Wolverine Collectible Action Figure should look like this. Counterfeits look similar but lack the quality, detail, painting technique and packing of the authentic figure.
The genuine Hot Toys Wolverine Figure and the counterfeit product look similar.
When compared, they are very different in terms of the collectible's quality, detail, painting technique and packing.
Counterfeit Wolverine Collectible Figures from the X-Men Origins: Wolverine movie mainly originate from Vietnam.
Compare the authentic Wolverine figure base and the counterfeit product.
The font and shading of the text are different.


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Four Florida Panther Deaths in Less Than Two Weeks Raises Number to 12 Overall in 2014
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service via Wikimedia Commons
Sadly, it seems the only way you can catch a glimpse of an endangered and beautiful Florida panther is by spotting a dead one on the road. Unfortunately, two panthers were found dead in the span of a couple of days.
On Friday, a hiker walking through the Picayune Strand State Forest spotted the carcass of a panther. While the cause of death is still unknown, it marked the 11th dead panther found in Florida this year, according to the Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission.
Then, on Monday, another dead panther was reported just north of Lake Placid in Highlands County. This one was reportedly run over by a vehicle, which is the most common cause of death for Florida panthers.
That brings us to four dead panthers in a little over two weeks and 12 overall for the year.
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Just a couple of weeks ago, wildlife officials found a dead panther in the Big Cypress National Preserve that was likely killed by another panther, raising concerns about the overall health of their population.
The latest reports estimate 160 panthers living in Florida. And in 2012, wildlife officials brought over pumas from Texas to breed with Florida panthers to help rejuvenate the overall population.
But the panther that was killed by another panther was likely the victim of territorial aggression, which isn't rare in the wild. But with the panthers having to live in confined areas, we could see these acts of aggression on the rise.
The confined spaces also sometimes force panthers to wander off their wildlife reserves onto the road, where they're more likely to be killed. An average of 17 panthers are killed by vehicles every year, according to the Florida Sierra Club.
Second: interspecies aggression.
Already there's a Change.org petition asking Gov. Rick Scott to curb urban development and to set up corridors for panthers that divert them away from roads and highways.
Panther Deaths: 5 Year Period
via Florida Sierra Club
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Image de l'éditeur
Détails bibliographiques
Titre : American Story: 100 True Tales from American...
Éditeur : Knopf, NY
Date d'édition : 2006
Reliure : Hardcover
Illustrateur : Roth, Roger
Etat du livre : Near Fine
Etat de la jaquette : Near Fine Unclipped
Signé : Signed by Author(s)
Edition : 1st Edition
Type de livre : Book
A bright, tight edition signed by author on title page. A very slight bump to spine end effecting both book & DJ. N° de réf. du libraire WS09421
Synopsis : American history comes alive in these 100 true stories that define our country.
This magnificent treasury tells the story of America through 100 true tales. Some are tales of triumph?the midnight ride of Paul Revere, the Wright brothers taking to the air, Neil Armstrong?s first steps on the moon. Some are tales of tragedy?the fate of the Donner Party, the great fire in Chicago, the eruption of Mount Saint Helens.
There are stories of inventors and athletes and abolitionists and artists. Stories about struggling for freedom?again and again, in so many ways.
With full-color illustrations on nearly every page and short, exciting stories, this book is perfect for browsing by the entire family. Notes at the end of each story direct readers to related stories. And a guide to thematic story arcs offers readers (and teachers) an easy way to follow their particular interests throughout the book. A treasure trove of a book that belongs in every home!
?This lively and engaging collection of stories recounting American history is a wonderful gift not only to the children of this country but also their parents. I can?t wait to share it with my grandchildren.? ?Tom Brokaw
A propos de l'auteur:
Ever since the first grade, Jennifer Armstrong knew that she would become an author. She loved making up stories and sharing them with others. Her family treasured books and this led her to become an avid reader of all types of fiction. It was no surprise when she chose to study English and American Literature at Smith College in Massachusetts.
Armstrong is the author of over 50 books for children from kindergarten through high school. Best known for writing historical fiction, she has also been successful in
creating picture books, easy readers, chapter books, young adult novels, as well as nonfiction.
Armstrong, who grew up outside of New York City, now lives in Saratoga Springs, New York.
Jennifer Armstrong is the winner of the Orbis Pictus Award for Outstanding Nonfiction for Shipwreck at the Bottom of the World. Many of her books have been designated as Notable Books by the American Library Association and the International Reading Association.
For more information on Jennifer Armstrong, visit her website at www.jennifer-armstrong.com, or read her blog at www.jennifer-armstrong.blogspot.com.
Modes de paiement
Le libraire accepte les modes de paiement suivants :
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Vendeur AbeBooks depuis : 11 mai 2001
Evaluation du vendeur :
We accept all major credit cards, checks, and money orders. Shipping is $3.50 media mail + $1.00 each additional title within continental US. Priority or UPS available on request. Will quote overseas shipping. All books over $100. automatically insured for an additional $1.50 unless otherwise requested. Heavy or oversize books ship at cost.
Shipping costs are based on books weighing 2.2 LB, or 1 KG. If your book order is heavy or oversized, we may contact you to let you know extra shipping is required.
Description de la librairie : Shaker Mill Books is the annex of The Bookloft in Great Barrington, MA, one of the only independent bookstores in the Berkshires for over 35 years. Located in West Stockbridge, MA, Shaker Mill Books houses nearly ten thousand rare, out-of-print and/or signed books. We specialize in Berskhire Books (many now out-of-print or otherwise unavailable), including local histories and biographies, as well as a large collection of books by nature writer Hal Borland.


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Sequel to The Demon Inside (Levi x Reader)
The daughter of (Y/N) and Levi had found a brown leather journal that (Y/N) had once written in it during The War of Shadows. Levi was intrigued by the journal, so he began reading the adventures (Y/N) had during the time of war.
This is a sequel, to read you must read the first book to understand what's happening in the second book.
I don't own the characters (except all my OC) or anime.
localgaytoaster Jun 18, 2016
_~Brandon Rodgers skit~_ Donna:*snorts cocaine* "We need more coke!" Sam: "We packed Pepsi." 😂😂😂😂😂
YoloCat1 Mar 27, 2016
I can't wait until the April 30th! Well,I'll try to contain myself. This sort is amazing already. Well I better be off,so I can contain myself and read other fanfics... Good luck with your exams!
MiraculousRuby Jul 06, 2016
Levi's that dad who makes you tidy your room everyday till its spotless
__Emo_Unicorn__ Jul 31, 2016
"you have the personality of someone high on cocaine" thats me, boo ;D
GoddessofFanfiction3 Nov 03, 2016
Okay Now I can start reading...I had to leave to read the first one...BUT NOW I'M BACK
chibikurama Mar 06, 2016
Levi and reader-chan have a kid?! D'awwww how cute >/////< I look forward to your master piece! Btw good luck on your exams too! I have to hit the books too... exams for college... Lovely eh? 😒😵 .... *starts studying*


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I am not sure what category to put this in, so hope I can get some answers here. I know in our town if people complain about your music (or whatever) being to loud you can get ticketed for a sound violation. Well about 2 blocks away from our house there is a park and they often have festivals there and stuff like that. This whol Memorial Day weekend (meaning Friday till Monday) they have this festival. Friday night they had their music playing till 11 pm, Saturday night till 10pm, well now here we are on Sunday night at 10:30pm and they are still playing! It is so loud we can't go to sleep and hubby has to be at work at 6 in the morning.
How is it legal for them to have their music so loud but if we had it so loud here at our house we'd get ticketed??
Asked by Anonymous at 11:29 PM on May. 24, 2009 in Politics & Current Events
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Answer by ColleenF30 at 2:09 AM on May. 25, 2009
Answer by Mrs.Owen86 at 4:46 AM on May. 25, 2009
Answer by beckcorc at 8:09 AM on May. 25, 2009
Answer by ny.chica at 11:22 AM on May. 25, 2009
Answer by lovinangels at 12:12 PM on May. 25, 2009
Answer by gdiamante at 4:20 AM on May. 26, 2009
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Boat Reviews By Owners
Model: 205 Sundowner
Cockpit: Cockpit is excellent seating is roomy, Helm has a guage cluster that is only visible while sitting, but other than that it is fine
Cabin: For a cuddy it is great with the toilet under the steps. Sink is small but functional. me the wife and dog sleep many times overnight in it
Construction: Extreamly well built, maybe too well it is a little heavy for a 20.6 foot boat
Handling: Handles very well in rough weather and is very fast. I would take her in up to 4 foot seas
Engine Room: 5.0gl Volvo with a SX Cobra outdrive. The carb was never jetted properly from the factory so it took a while to get the optimal jet combo to get the Carb just right and get the most out of the engine, now its Powerfull enough but a fuel injected model or a 5.7 would be better
General Comments:
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Date Submitted: 2010-10-04
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Maple Syrup Festivals
Spring is just around the corner and with it a very sweet time of year has arrived in Ontario – the sap is running, and and that can only mean one thing – Maple Syrup! Enjoy a pancake breakfast, learn how many buckets of sap make a litre of syrup, and hop on a wagon ride! Maybe we'll see you there!
What's ON March Break
We've rounded up the top events for March Break 2017 in our family friendly events guide. Helping you to keep busy and entertained with places to go, and things to do for kids in and around the Toronto area. Find festivals, workshops, special exhibits and activities - we hope you have a week to remember and make some great family memories!
What's ON: Family Day in York Region
Find kids events for Family Day in York Region. There many events indoors as out – find festivals, workshops, special exhibits and activities!
Mark Valentine's Day with Canada Blooms' Botanical Garden Date Ideas
An annual day of love, romance and lots of pretty flowers is upon us. On Valentine's Day, floral arrangements have often been a longstanding gift option, given to our significant others as a token and expression of our love.
What's ON: Family Day in the GTA
Festivals, workshops, special exhibits, activities and more! Find out What's ON for Family Day 2017 in Toronto and the surrounding area! Don't forget to...
3 Life-Saving Skills You Need to Know
Learning simple skills that could save a loved one's life in an emergency is essential knowledge you'll never regret acquiring. Here are three skills every parent, young adult and older adult should have:


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Sun loses $100m a month as EC dithers
Sun Microsystems is losing $100m a month while European regulators dither over whether to allow its $7bn takeover by Oracle, the database firm's chief...
This Article Covers
Sun Microsystems is losing $100m a month while European regulators dither over whether to allow its $7bn takeover by Oracle, the database firm's chief executive said last night.
All-Flash: The Essential Guide
Access this guide to learn about all-flash storage, how it stacks up against hybrid and PCIe, and how to measure the benefits.
By submitting your personal information, you agree that TechTarget and its partners may contact you regarding relevant content, products and special offers.
You also agree that your personal information may be transferred and processed in the United States, and that you have read and agree to the Terms of Use and the Privacy Policy.
Oracle CEO Larry Ellison told dinner guests at the Churchill Club, one of Silicon Valley's leading speaker forums, that the longer regulators delayed, the more money Sun would lose, Reuters reported.
Sales at Sun have crashed since Oracle agreed to buy the struggling server maker in April. This was due to uncertainty as to whether Oracle could complete the deal. IBM and HP have exploited that uncertainty to win Sun customers.
The famously irascible Ellison, one of the world's richest men, said he expected Europe to clear the deal without reservations. Meanwhile, Sun reported a $147m loss for its latest quarter.
The European regulators are believed to be concerned that the combination of Oracle's database plus Sun's popular mySQL database may limit competition in the database market. They have until 19 January to decide, which means Ellison faces a potential loss in Sun's value of more than $500m.
Enjoy the benefits of CW+ membership, learn more and join.


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sponsored by
Ari Vidali
CEO and Founder of Envisage Technologies
Ari is involved in building next-generation training systems, cloud-based learning, records management, automation of high-liability training operations, and pervasive readiness technologies. He is a committee member of the National Congress for Secure Communities and an advisory board member of IADLEST. He has consulted for Federal Agencies, Homeland Security, Public Safety, Military, and Law Enforcement on technology, security, legally defensible records, compliance, and training.
PW6 In-Car Camera System - PatrolWitness
The new PW6 In-Car Video System from PatrolWitness is compact, rugged, and...
October 14, 2010
by Melanie Basich
- Also by this author
HG2 Runner lights allow passing motorists to see police vehicles from the side, which can prevent accidents.
Traffic collisions continue to claim the lives of more law enforcement officers than any other type of incident each year. HG2 Emergency Lighting aims to lower that statistic with its Runner lighting solution, debuting at the International Association of Chiefs of Police show in Orlando this month.
When activated, HG2 Runners' LED lights illuminate the side profile of a law enforcement vehicle, allowing motorists to see it clearly from the side. This can prevent collisions in intersections and during traffic stops on roadsides.
"Our patented Runner is a lighting solution that extends along the running board of the vehicle," says Ryan York, sales director for HG2 Emergency Lighting. "It's 72 inches long, which is standard to most vehicles."
Because they're mounted underneath the vehicle, flush with the car, the Runners are not visible until they're activated. This makes them a good lighting option for both marked and unmarked vehicles.
Knowing the underside of a police car can experience quite a bit of abuse, HG2 designed the Runner to be durable. It's created with patented plastics and enclosed in a high-impact CAB housing encased in an anodized aluminum mounting sleeve for a double layer of protection. This durable, flexible board design can withstand running over curbs and any other necessary maneuvers on duty. Such a thoughtful design didn't happen overnight.
HG2 began in the field of vehicle lighting with neon technologies before adding LED solutions in 2005. When police officers began requesting lighting solutions for their particular needs, HG2 took notice. But they knew that creating the right products would take some time. So the company has spent the better part of the last decade developing LED lighting solutions for public safety, working extensively with local police agencies to best meet their needs.
True to its mission, the company decided on the Runner's 10 lighting patterns based on feedback from local agencies. And because HG2 manufactures all of its products in house, custom options are also available. "If a department needed a specific control pattern, all we'd have to do is take a short video clip [of the desired pattern] and get a few explanations from the department and we could deliver proof of concept in a couple of weeks, not months," says York.
Because the Runner taps into the power source of a vehicle's existing light and siren systems, installation is simple. "It takes a total of about two hours for someone with basic emergency vehicle installation experience and requires nothing more than a few screws and tools and HG2's perfect fit mounting solution," says York.
York is excited about the Runner and a whole line of new products waiting in the wings, most of which are designed to complement a vehicle's existing lighting systems such as traditional lightbars.
"Most police departments have a standard operating procedure to move the nose of the vehicle out slightly on traffic stops, but at 70mph passing motorists may not be able to effectively determine the perimeter of the car. With the Runner, we're trying to help drivers be more aware of the outline of the vehicle," says York. "It's for the safety of officers."
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Okay so i have my first economics exam(EC1) on may 18th and i have to say, i feel like I've started revision far too late.
I don't know how to revise for this subject, there's so much information. I can't make flashcards because i end up squeezing so much information onto them, i may as well be working with A3 sheets.. It's ridiculous.
I can't grasp any of the information and I'm actually getting so stressed out and worried because my revision is so ineffective because i have too much to focus on..
You are Here: Home > Forums >< Study Help >< Social Science and Social Care Academic Help >< Economics study help
Major AS Level Economics stress.. HELP.
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- 06-03-2012 21:58
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- 06-03-2012 22:00
I make big revision posters of each topic and stick them on my wall to learn from... Past papers always help too
(Original post by CLARA_)
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- 06-03-2012 22:07
I make big revision posters of each topic and stick them on my wall to learn from... Past papers always help too
(Original post by jade456)
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- 06-03-2012 22:16
I just feel like making large posters with lots of information will take so long and i don't have that much time left. I would have to make so many too because there is so much content to learn. I still don't actually understand a lot of the stuff i'm revising and i don't have that much time to re-learn them.. Pass papers are a given though.
If you're doing AQA Econ 1, there's lots and lots of definitions to learn anyway, so I would have thought flashcards would be the only way!
(Original post by CLARA_)
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- 06-03-2012 22:21
Oh, okay then... do you not have a teacher to go to for help?
If you're doing AQA Econ 1, there's lots and lots of definitions to learn anyway, so I would have thought flashcards would be the only way!
(Original post by jade456)
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- 06-03-2012 22:25
I do, but the teacher is completely rubbish and waffles on.. There are lot's of definitions but also lots of concepts which seems like so much information. :/
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- 07-03-2012 12:00
Just go through your text book and notes and then fill in any knowledge gaps by practicing with past papers.
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Wonderful oboe playing here, but the solo of the night came from a recent NYO principal cellist, Alasdair Strange, in the Cello Concerto No 2 by Penderecki. A shock, this: not because the once avant-garde composer had gone romantic and traditional, which you expect these days, but for the concerto's expressive power and sheer craftsmanship. Just as a previous smart generation mocked Shostakovich, some of us have had a go at Penderecki for his about-turn. But I suspect he will turn out one of contemporary music's survivors - especially if cellists carry on playing him with Strange's concentration and flair.
THIS time of year, the halls lose their nerve and go for an easy-to- get family audience with time on its hands. The regulars have the time too, but money talks. So we have to hunt around. The best finds often involve young people: concerts like the NYO's are full of a heightened excitement that comes from shared discovery and long preparation with a goal to aim for. I sometimes think the Park Lane Group's series of young artists and 20th-century music, a January perennial, gets its predictable glowing reviews out of sheer relief that there is something to go to. The format needs a face-lift, and the content is usually 'modern music' at its most conservative. Then you listen to the performers, in a state of amazed delight, and back come all the ecstatic adjectives.
THAT series returns next week. One good thing about the end of 1992 in London was a high-quality output from the early music industry. The European Community Baroque Orchestra, at St Giles Cripplegate on New Year's Eve, had the youth angle too - this is another training group, though the players are more advanced and more specialised. Drawing from the year's touring repertoire, it marked 'Beacon Europe Day' with a rather selective overview of European music, heavy on Germans, and played with finesse and fizz. At least, it did until Roy Goodman directed a couple of the Bach Brandenburg Concertos at a frantic, forced pace that should have been reported to the Society for Prevention of Cruelty to Trumpeters. Mark Bennett, the victim, was able to acquit himself splendidly in Trumpet Tunes by Purcell and in the theme that Marc- Antoine Charpentier didn't know he was writing for Eurovision.
So the European Arts Festival, which underwhelmed the nation for six months, at least went out on a high. Its last scheduled event, later the same day, was a performance by the full-size European Community Youth Orchestra of Ravel's La Valse. An intriguing choice: if you know the piece, you will remember it starts as a celebration of a stable Europe, symbolised by the Viennese waltz, and then (Ravel was writing in 1919) tears itself apart - the music's final gesture is to disappear into a vortex of its own making. Was somebody trying to tell us something?
FOR the rest, it was back to opera on the box: a lot of it about, nothing better than Maria Ewing as Strauss's Salome on Channel 4 (the BBC, in a notable pincer movement, at the same time put not only The Mikado on BBC2 but another Salome on Radio 3). And nothing more dismaying than the glamorous, 'traditional' La Cenerentola on BBC2 the next night, despite a fine cast - newcomers hooked by Salome will surely have given up at this with their prejudices intact. As for that soap: does anybody keep records of when viewers start to switch off? My guess is that The Vampyr will have held the uncommitted until the first aria, and not much longer. Slick design, businessmen up to no good, mysterious strangers - it was all looking fine, and then the music went and spoiled it.
The singing wasn't nearly good enough; and it's a pretty dire score in the first place, ripping off Weber and weakly pre-echoing Mendelssohn. Action grinds to a halt in most big opera numbers, but Marschner's just didn't hold attention for their own sake. That was a pity, since the later episodes had some good ideas going, like the split-location ensembles as rescuers dashed across the city. But the sub-Peter Sellars updating looked like a desperate effort to liven up stuff that's too dull to play straight. Sellars himself makes sure he works with good material, like Mozart. My vote for all-time best soap still goes to the Patrice Chereau production, one act at a time, of Wagner's Ring - great story, great pictures, great music, no frills.
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