text:
Thomas Hacker
765 496-1212
Room 211
Knoy Hall of Technology
401 North Grant Street
401 North Grant Street
West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-2021
- PhD (Computer Science and Engineering), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor Ann Arbor, MI, 2004.
- MS (Computer Science and Engineering), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor Ann Arbor, MI, 1993.
- BS (Computer Science, Mathematics Minor), Oakland University Rochester, MI, 1989.
- BS (Physics), Oakland University Rochester, MI, 1989.
- 2013 - Purdue Seed for Success Award - NEES
- 2013 - Faculty Fellow, Purdue Polytechnic Institute
- 2012 - Purdue Seed for Success Award - U.S. Compact Muon Solenoid Operations at Large Hadron Collider
- 2012 - Purdue Seed for Success Award - George E. Brown, Jr. Network for Earthquake Engineering Simulation Operations
- 2012 - ASEE Information Systems Division Best Paper Award
- 2012 - Purdue University Faculty Scholar
- 2011 - Purdue Seed for Success Award - NEES Amendments 7 & 8
- 2010 - NSF CAREER Award
- 2010 - College of Technology Outstanding Faculty in Discovery Award
- 2010 - NSF Network for Earthquake Engineering Simulation Best Community Contribution for Innovation in IT - SingleShot and PEN Data Management System with Christopher Stanton, Robert Kent, Greg Rodgers, and Ian Mathew
- 2010 - Purdue Seed for Success Award
- 2009 - College of Technology Outstanding Non-Tenured Faculty Member Award
- 2009 - Computer and Information Technology Outstanding Non-Tenured Faculty Member Award
- 2008 - Purdue Seed for Success Award
Textbooks and Editorships of Journals/Proceedings
- T. Hacker, Towards a Reliable Cloud Computing Service. (2009) (S. Ahson Ed.). Cloud Computing and Software Services New York, NY: CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group.
Refereed Articles and Conference Papers/Presentations/Abstracts
- Hesameddin, P., Irfanoglu, A., Hacker, T., & Rohler, B. (2015). Using Pegasus Scientific Workflows to Investigate Effects of Material Property Variations on Seismic Response of Steel Special Moment Resisting Frame. Conference proceeding paper and poster presentation based on reviewed abstract, American Society of Civil Engineers 2015 Structures Congress, Portland OR, April 23-25, 2015, pp. 2326-2335. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784479117.202
- Pejsa, S., Dyke S, and Hacker T. (2014). Building Infrastructure for Preservation and Publication of Earthquake Engineering Research Data, International Journal of Digital Curation, University of Edinburgh and the Digital Curation Center, Vol. 8, No. 2, pp 83-97. doi:10.2218/ijdc.v9i2.335
Esteves, R., Hacker, T., and Rong, C. (2014). A New Approach for Accurate Distributed Cluster Analysis for Big Data: Competitive K-means. International Journal of Big Data Intelligence (IJBDI), Inderscience Publishers, 1(1/2), 50-64. doi: 10.1504/IJBDI.2014.063844
Wlodarczyk, T.W., and Hacker, T.J. (2014). Current Trends in Predictive Analytics of Big Data. International Journal of Big Data Intelligence (IJBDI), Inderscience Publishers, Vol 1, No. 3, pp.172-180.
- Mohan, A., Hacker, T., Rodgers, G., & Islam, T. (2014). Batchsubmit: a High-Volume Batch Submission for Earthquake Engineering Simulation, Concurrency and Computation: Practice and Experience, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. doi:10.1002/cpe.3234.
- Wlodarczyk, T, & Hacker, T. (2014). Problem-based Learning Approach to a Course in Data Intensive Systems. Proceedings of the 1st IEEE STC CC and RDA Workshop on Curricula and Teaching Methods in Cloud Computing, Big Data, and Data Science, Singapore, December 2014.
- Hacker, T.J., & Lu, Y. (2014). An Instructional Cloud-Based Testbed for Image and Video Analytics. Workshop on Emerging Issues in Cloud Computing, Singapore, December 2014.
- Umamaheshwaran, S., & Hacker, T.J. (2014). Reliability Guided Resource Allocation for Large-Scale Systems. Proceedings of the 6th IEEE International Conference on Cloud Computing Technology and Science (CloudCom 2014), Singapore, December 2014.
- Hacker. T.J., & Magana, A. (2014). A Framework for Measuring the Impact and Effectiveness of the NEES Cyberinfrastructure for Earthquake Engineering. Proceedings of the 6th IEEE International Conference on Cloud Computing Technology and Science (CloudCom 2014), Singapore, December 2014.
- Hacker, T.J., Pejša S., & Browning, J. (2014). A Data Curation and Dissemination System for Earthquake Engineering. Proceedings of the 10th National Conference in Earthquake Engineering, Earthquake Engineering Research Institute, Anchorage, AK, 2014.
- Browning, J. & Hacker, T. (2014). Promoting Re-Use of Earthquake Engineering Data through the NEEShub. Proceedings of the 10th National Conference in Earthquake Engineering, Earthquake Engineering Research Institute, Anchorage, AK, 2014
- Khajehhesameddin, P., Irfanoglu A., & Hacker, T. J. (2014). Estimating the Peak Inelastic Displacement of Steel SMRF Deteriorating Structures Subjected to Series of Strong Ground Motions. In Proceedings of the 10th US National Conference on Earthquake Engineering, Anchorage, Alaska. Oakland, CA: Earthquake Engineering Research Institute.
- Hansen, R., Hacker, T., and Wlodarczyk, T. (2014). A collaborative, multinational curriculum and cyberinfrastructure for big data analytics. Proceedings of the 121st ASEE Annual Conference and Exhibition, June 15-18, Indianapolis, IN.
- Taleyarkhan, M., Alabi, O., Magana, A.J. and Hacker, T. (2014). An Exploratory Survey on User Perceptions and Adoption of NEES.org. Proceedings of the 121st ASEE Annual Conference and Exhibition, June 15-18, Indianapolis, IN.
- Khajehhesameddin, P., Irfanoglu, A., & Hacker, T. (2014) Estimating Peak Inelastic Displacement of Steel SMRF Structures Subjected to a Single or Series of Strong Ground Motions with Scaled Response Spectra. Structures Congress 2014, Structural Engineering Institute of American Society of Civil Engineers, April 3-5, Boston, MA. pp. 1904-1914. Poster presentation with full paper published in proceedings based on accepted abstract.
- Esteves, R., Hacker, T., and Rong, C. (December 2013). Competitive K-means A new accurate and distributed k-means algorithm for large datasets. Proceedings of the 2013 IEEE International Conference on Cloud Computing Technology and Science (CloudCom 2013), December 2-5, Bristol, United Kingdom.
- Hacker, T., Eigenmann, R., Rahtje, E. (2013). Advancing Earthquake Engineering Research Through Cyberinfrastructure, Journal of Structural Engineering, American Society of Civil Engineers, 139(7), 1099-1111:doi: 10.1061/(asce)st.1943-541x.0000712
- Mohan, A., Hacker, T., and Rodgers, G. (July 2013). Developing a High-Volume Batch Submission Systems for Earthquake Engineering, National Science Foundation XSEDE 2013 Conference, July 2013, San Diego, CA.
- Neilsen, J., and Hacker, T. (2012 November). Using Virtual Private Networks for Reliable VM Based HPC Systems.. Proceedings of the 2nd IEEE International Workshop on Sustainable HPC Cloud Workshop (SHPCloud 2012) Salt Lake City, UT.
- Pejsa, S., and Hacker, T. (April 2013), Curation of Earthquake Engineering Research Data, Proceedings of Archiving 2013, Society for Imaging Science and Technology, April 2-5, 2013, Washington, D.C.
- St. John, J., Nikolaidis, N., Hansen, R., and Hacker T. (June 2013). Experiences Developing International Partnerships for Education and Research in Computing, Proceedings of the 120th ASEE Annual Conference and Exhibition, June 23-26, Atlanta, GA
- St. John, J, and Hacker, T (June 2012). Developing Virtual Clusters for High Performance Computing Using Open Nebula . Proceedings of the 119th ASEE Annual Conference and Exhibition San Antonio, TX. (Best Paper Award, ASEE Computing and Information Technology Division.)
- Robison, N, and Hacker, T. (October 2012). Comparison of VM deployment Methods for HPC Education . Proceedings of the ACM Joint Conference on IT Education and Research in IT (SIGITE 2012) Calgary, Canada.
- Esteves, R., Hacker, T., and Rong, C. (December 2012). Parallel Competitive Fitness and Parallel K-means++: Two New Parallel Strategies for Seeding K-means. Proceedings of the 4th IEEE International Conference on Cloud Computing Technology and Science Taipei, Taiwan.
- Hacker T.J., Romero, R., and Neilsen, J. (February 2012). Secure Live Migration of Parallel Applications Using Container Based Virtual Machines . International Journal of Space-Based and Situated Computing, Inderscience Publishing., 2(1), 45-57. (Invited paper.)
- Malik, Q. H., Perova, N., Hacker, T. J., Streveler, R. A., Magana, A. J., Vogt, P. L., & Bessenbache (December 2011). Creating a Virtual Learning Community with HUB Architecture: CLEERhub as a Case Study . Knowledge Management & E-Learning: An International Journal (KM&EL)
- Hacker T. J., Eigenmann, R., Irfanoglu, A., Pujol, S., Rathje, E., Catlin, A., Bahchi, S. (July 2011). The NEEShub Cyberinfrastructure for Earthquake Engineering . IEEE Computing in Science & Engineering, 13(4), 67-78. (Invited Paper.)
- Hacker, T. J., Mahadik, K. (Nov 2011). Flexible Resource Allocation for Reliable Virtual Cluster Computing Systems . Proceedings of the 2010 ACM/IEEE International Conference for High Performance Computing, Networking, Storage and Analysis (SC11) Seattle, WA.
- Kumar, M., Hacker, T., Springer, J., Marshall, B. (July 2011). Kernel level support for workflow patterns. IEEE 2011 Fifth International Workshop on Scientific Workflows Washington, DC.
- Hacker, T. (July 2011). Exploring the Use of Virtual Machines and Virtual Clusters for High Performance Computing Education.. Proceedings of the 118th ASEE Annual Conference and Exhibition Vancouver, BC.
- Romero, R., Hacker, T. (April 2011). Live Migration of Parallel Applications with OpenVZ. Proceedings of the First International Workshop on Cloud Computing and Services (CCS2011).Singapore.
- Hacker, T., Springer, J. (November 2011). Turning the Tide of the Data Deluge. 1st Workshop on High-performance Computing Meets Databases, Seattle, WA: Supercomputing 2011.
- T. Hacker (June 2010). Hands-on High Performance Computing: Developing a Cluster Computing Course for Real World Supercomputing. Proceedings of the American Society for Engineering Education Annual Conference Louisville, KY.
- Eigenmann R., Hacker, T.J., & Rathje, E. (July 2010). NEES Cyberinfrastructure: A Foundation for Innovative Research and Education . Proceedings of the 9th US / 10th Canadian Conference on Earthquake Engineering Toronto, ON.
- Marshall, B., Springer, J., & Hacker, T.J. (Dec 2010). Work in Progress: Integration of the Scientific Workflow Paradigm into High Performance Computing and Large Scale Data Management Curricula . Proceedings of the 40th ASEE/IEEE Frontiers in Education Conference Washington, DC.
- Shiroor, A., Springer J., Hacker, T., Marshall, B., & Brewer, J. (2010). Scientific Workflow Management Systems and Workflow Patterns. International Journal of Business Process Integration and Management (IJBPM) , 5, 63-78.
- T. J. Hacker, F. Romero, C. D. Carothers (2009). An Analysis of Clustered Failures on Large Supercomputing Systems. In Press, Journal of Parallel and Distributed Computing
- T. Hacker, K. Madhavan (June 2009). Developing a Research and Education Laboratory for High Performance Computing and Cyberinfrastucture. Proceedings of the 2009 American Society for Engineering Education Conference Austin, TX.
- T. J. Hacker, J. A. Springer (October 2008). Meeting the Data Challenge: Curriculum Development for Parallel Data Systems. Proceedings of the ACM SIGITE 2008 Conference Cincinnati, OH.
- Hacker, T.J., and Smith, P.M. (July 2008). Building a Network Simulation Model of the Teragrid Network.. Teragrid 08 Las Vegas, NV.
- Hacker, T.J., Springer, J.A., Schlueter, S.D, and Kane, M.D. (February 2008). Developing a Curriculum for High Performance Computing and Cyberinfrastructure Education.. Proceedings of the American Society for Engineering Education Conference for Industry and Education Collaboration New Orleans, LA.
- S. Lathrop, L. McGinnis, S. Brown, J. White, B. Armosky, J. Ferguson, T. Hacker, et. Al (June 2008). HPC University. Proceedings of the 3rd Teragrid 2008 Conference Las Vegas, NV.
- Hacker, T.J., Hansen, R. A., and Violand, R.A. (March 2008). An Analysis of TCP Alternatives for Reliable Transport in Current High-Speed Wide Area Networks. Proceedings of the Sixth Annual Conference on Telecommunications and Information Technology (ITERA 2008) Louisville, KY.
- Hacker, T.J., and Smith P.M. (March 2008). Stochastic TCP: A Statistical Approach to Congestion Avoidance.. Proceedings of the Sixth International Workshop on Protocols for FAST Long-Distance Networks (PFLDnet) Manchester, UK.
- Smith, P.M., Hacker, T.J., and Song, C.X. (April 2008). Implementing an Industrial-Strength Academic Cyberinfrastructure at Purdue University. Proceedings of the Second Workshop on Desktop Grids and Volunteer Computing Miami, FL.
- M. Dark, J. Goldman, T. Hacker, B. Marshall, A. Smith (March 2008). Dark Web Patterns. Proceedings of WebSci'09 Athens, Greece.
- Hacker, T.J., and Bertoline, G. (July 2008). A Curriculum for Petascale Computing. Teragrid 08 Las Vegas, NV.
- Hacker, T., Meglicki, G. (June 2007). Using Queue Structures to Improve Job Reliability . Proceedings of the 16th Annual IEEE International Symposium on High Performance Distributed Computing (HPDC 07) Monterey, CA.
- Hacker, T., Wheeler, B. (January 2007). Making Research Cyberinfrastructure a Strategic Choice . EDUCAUSE Quarterly EDUCAUSE., 30, No. 1, 21 - 29.
- Hacker, T., Noble, B., Athey, B. (July 2005). Adaptive Data Block Scheduling for Parallel TCP Streams. 14th International Symposium on High Performance Distributed Computing (HPDC-14) Research Triangle Park, NC.
- Hacker, T., Noble, B., Athey, B. (March 2004). Improving Throughput and Maintaining Fairness using Parallel TCP. Proceedings of INFOCOM 2004 Hong Kong, .
- Kirschner, B., Hacker, T., Adamson, W., Athey, B., (November 2004). Walden: A Scalable Solution for Grid Account Management. Proceedings of Grid2004 Pittsburgh, PA.
- Hacker, T., Athey, B., Noble, B. (April 2002). The End-to-End Performance Effects of Parallel TCP Sockets on a Lossy Wide-Area Network. Proceedings of the 16th IEEE-CS/ACM International Parallel and Distributed Processing Symposium (IPDPS) Ft. Lauderdale, FL.
- Thigpen, B., Hacker, T., McGinnis L. (2002). Distributed Accounting on the Grid. Proceedings of the 6th Joint Conference on Information Sciences (JCIS)
- Hacker, T., Athey, B., Sommerfeld, J., Walker, D. (October 2002). Experiences Using Web100 for Visible Human Testbeds. Proceedings of the Fourth Visible Human Conference Keystone, CO.
- Hacker, T., Noble, B., Athey, B. (November 2002). The Effects of Systemic Packet Loss on Aggregate TCP Flows. Proceedings of Supercomputing 2002 Baltimore, MD.
- Hacker, T., Athey, B. (Novemer 2001). A Methodology for Account Management in Grid Computing Environments. Proceedings of the 2nd International Workshop on Grid Computing Denver, CO: Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Spinger Verlag Press.
- Hacker, T. (August 1993). The Design and Implementation of an AFP/AFS Protocol Translator. University of Michigan Center for Information Technology Integration Technical Report 93-5 Ann Arbor, MI.
- T. Hacker, C. Carothers (2009, March). An Analysis of Clustered Failures on Large Supercomputing Systems. NSF Workshop on Fault Tolerance for Extreme-Scale Computing, Albuquerque, NM.
- T. J. Hacker, G. Bertoline (2008, July). A Curriculum for Petascale Computing for the Great Lakes Petascale Consortium Virtual School of Computational Science and Engineering. Ann Arbor, MI.
- T. Hacker (October 2008). Reviewer. Journal of Parallel and Distributed Computing
- T. Hacker (April 2008). Reviewer. Journal of Grid Computing
- T. Hacker (July 2007). Reviewer. International Journal of High Performance Computing Application
Industry Engagement:
2007-2011 - Purdue University
Assistant Professor, Computer & Information Technology
2007- 2011 - Purdue University Discovery Park Cyber Center
Research Assistant Professor, Courtesy Appointment
2006-2007 - Purdue University, Discovery Park Cyber Center
Research Assistant Professor
2004-2006 - Indiana University, University Information Technology Services
Associate Director of Research and Academic Computing
1997-2004 - University of Michigan, Center for Advanced Computing
Systems Research Programmer / Assistant Director
1994-1996 - Storage Technology Corporation, Ann Arbor, MI
Software Engineer
1993-1994 - University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK Canada
Systems Administrator
1991-1993 - University of Michigan, Center for Information Technology Integration (CITI)
Systems Research Programmer
1989-1991 - Oakland University, Rochester, MI, Office of Computer Services
Systems Administrator
1987-1989 - Oakland University, Rochester, MI, Department of Physics and Office of Computer Services
Research Assistant / Student Systems Programmer
- Consultant, Weil, Gotshal, & Manges LLP, 2009-2010
- Consultant, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, 2006
- Consultant, Fidelity Investments, Boston, MA, 1999
- Consultant, A.J. Boggs & Company, Ann Arbor, MI, 1994
Professional Affiliations:


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Specializes in: GENERAL SURGERY,THORACIC SURGERY
Dr. Rick McCurdy is board-certified in both Thoracic Surgery and General Surgery. His office is located in the Doctor's Park building at 500 S. Robinson, Suite 2300 in Norman. He has served our regional community for over 30 years. Dr. McCurdy completed medical school and residency at the University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center.
Visit Oklahoma Surgical Associates.
500 E. Robinson, #2300
Norman, OK 73071
(405) 329-4102
Certification: Board Certified in Thoracic Surgery and Board Cetified in General Surgery
Medical School: University of Oklahoma College of Medicine
Residency: University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center Dept. of Surgery
Dr. McCurdy also specializes in Vascular Surgery.

subset: commoncrawl


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2014 BMW Championship
When: From 09/01/2014 to 09/07/2014
When: From 09/01/2014 to 09/07/2014
It appears you are using an older web browser! While using our site, you may encounter some trouble along the way. For PC users, we recommend upgrading to the latest version of Internet Explorer or Firefox. For Mac users, we recommend the latest version of Safari or Firefox.


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Agile/SCRUM Methodology
Traditional project management and IT is aligning with methodology changes over the last 10-15 years around SCRUM and Agile. These methodologies promote iterative, time-boxed approaches, with a high degree of adaption to change in technology, requirements, and prioritization from the user perspective.
The focus is on team work, concurrent development, and guiding agile principles. This two day training addresses the foundation, principles, and tools of Agile Methodology.
- Skill at applying key principles of Agile
- Ability to use and reference Agile Methodology Tools
Pre-Requisites: None
The Business & Community Institute
West Campus
Phone: (517) 483-1857
Additional contact information »


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Sit back and enjoy.
Sit back and enjoy.
"No one helped me so why should I help you?" - College professor circa 1999
By choosing not to decide you still have made a choice.
I'm in love with the women of Univision.
That was pretty neat.
thanks Chux Turbo LBC Bobafrett Mtriv73 Rjarvis JF96 JT JMG FB Rogue2 Tycho Slicker Deoxy Caesar JontheJedi JJReason Brandon Solo JMS UK for great deals.
SSG Pro Football Pick em and Bowl Pick em Champ 2006. 2007 NCAA Bracket Champ
#24 - Gone but not forgotten


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Universal Fit
Otto Hi-Fi Isolating Earbuds - Silver (V35-1003S)
Otto Isolating Ear Buds, Silver Your ears get bored. They want to be entertained. Not by voices of people around you they want music served up crisp,clear and without distortion. The kind of stuff MP3 players were made for, if only their headphonescould deliver. No problem, one easy upgrade and youve got the sound your ears are raving along with the customized comfort theyve been longing...
HHI Deep Bass Vibe Earphone - Blue
Revolutionary bass and high-fashion colors combine to form a new fashion attitude. Deep Bass with unique Soft Silicon earbud naturally reduces outside noise and enables unparalleled bass levels that can actually be felt. Complete comfort is assured through unique shape soft silicon earphone cover.


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Web Stories
Former ambassador Hall to discuss fight against hunger
Posted February 5, 2009; 06:23 p.m.
Tony Hall, a former U.S. ambassador and congressman nominated for the Nobel Peace Prize for his efforts to fight global hunger, will present a lecture titled "Changing the Face of Hunger" at 4:30 p.m. Tuesday, Feb. 10, in 16 Robertson Hall.
Hall was nominated for the Nobel Peace Prize in 1998, 1999 and 2001 for his humanitarian and hunger-related work. From 2002 to 2005, Hall served as ambassador to the United Nations agencies in Rome: the World Food Program, the Food and Agriculture Organization and the International Fund for Agricultural Development. Before that, he was a Democratic U.S. congressman from Ohio from 1979 to 2002.
Now retired, Hall is the author of "Changing the Face of Hunger: The Story of How Liberals, Conservatives, Republicans, Democrats and People of Faith Are Joining Forces in a New Movement to Help the Hungry, the Poor and the Oppressed."
As a congressman, Hall was the chairman of the House Select Committee on Hunger and the Democratic Caucus Task Force on Hunger and founded the Congressional Friends of Human Rights Monitors. He wrote legislation supporting food aid, child survival, basic education, primary health care, microenterprise and development assistance programs in the world's poorest countries. Hall also founded and served as chairman of the Congressional Hunger Center, a nongovernmental organization dedicated to fighting hunger by developing leaders.
The lecture is sponsored by the Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs and the Center for the Study of Religion as part of their series on "The Crossroads of Religion and Politics."


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Hi Craig.I live in Canberra XD but don't hold that against me. We have a hacker space here called Make Hack Void, which I haven't been to yet. I get my duino fix here on this forum for the time being. There are a few hackerspaces in Sydney - Also, in case you didn't already think of it why don't you pm the other guys that have posted on this thread. Good luck Pedro.
Hi, absolute beginner, looking for group meetup to do with arduino and projects related. Would be keen to chat to like minded locals with a bit of interest in electronics, but no real knowledge. Learn and trial together, check over each others work etc...Anywho, I'm in deewhy. Any interest?
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Deeplinks Blog posts about Cell Tracking
The field of "mobile location analytics"—where tracking companies work with brick-and-mortar retail stores to collect insights about customer behavior based on fine-grained location information harvested from mobile phones—has taken a small step towards self-regulation with a new code of conduct published this week.
As the highest court in Massachusetts considers whether cell-site data is private in the context of the Fourth Amendment, we filed an amicus brief arguing that when the police want to be able to recreate your every step—figuring out your patterns of movement, where you've been and with whom—they must obtain a search warrant.
A Fifth Circuit Court of Appeals ruling this week will make it easier for police to track your movements through your cell phone after the court decided police aren't required to obtain a search warrant to track you.
We've all heard a lot in the last month about the government's flimsy excuse for the NSA's massive collection of telephone and Internet metadata: that this sensitive information is somehow just "business records" that don't require a warrant for government access. That same argument has been used by the government to also justify the warrantless collection of cell site data -- the mobile company's record of which tower your phone connects to -- despite the fact that these records can reveal enormous amounts of information about where you go and with whom.
Thankfully, we're seeing some significant strides to put this dangerous idea to rest.
When it comes to making progress around privacy, it's sometimes best to look at what individual states are doing. Unfortunately, faster legislative changes on the state level can be a double-edged sword. Massachusetts is the latest example: while they are considering a bill implementing strong warrant requirements around electronic communications, they are also looking to unnecessarily expand wiretap laws.
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Environment Canada officer Ron Hunter was kept informed as, repeatedly, samples of treated liquid waste from Vale Newfoundland and Labrador's mine site at Voisey's Bay failed a key environmental safety test in October 2011.
According to the now-retired officer's testimony, during a day of trial at provincial court in St. John's Wednesday, it took the better part of the month and a third failed test before he felt the need to give formal direction to the company about the discharge of the waste into nearby Anaktalak Bay, on the Labrador coast.
Release of treated mine waste into the waters is permitted, but only with regular testing showing it remains within specific parameters, for the protection of the environment.
During Hunter's testimony, a reference was made to a "final discharge point monthly summary," stating a total volume of waste released into the bay during the month in question was 492,337 cubic metres — enough to fill 197 Olympic-size swimming pools.
The Telegram has yet to see that document.
The first failed "acute lethality" test for the month was reported on Oct. 4.
The feed into the bay was, according to discussion in court, shut down Oct. 31.
Wearing a dark grey suit rather than the green jacket of active Environment Canada officers, Hunter was on the stand as a witness for the Crown.
The legal case underway involves a trio of allegations against Vale Newfoundland and Labrador for violations of the federal Fisheries Act.
The case focuses on liquid waste taken from the company's tailings impoundment put through a special wastewater treatment plant before being sent into Edwards Cove in Anaktalak Bay.
The waste — according to charges laid against the company and testimony by the Crown's witness — was consistently tested at the point of its release, at least 50 metres out into the bay.
For the testing, the company takes samples of treated waste and sends it to a contracted laboratory. Testing for the Voisey's bay mine was being completed by Stantec in St. John's.
The sample effluent is tested for the presence of various metals. A separate test determines whether or not the waste should be considered "acutely lethal" for fish. That test requires at least 96 hours, wherein 10 live rainbow trout are placed into the effluent and watched.
Death of the fish is bad. And Hunter said the Vale wastewater was repeatedly found to be lethal, due to its acidity.
At the time, he was responsible for assuring the mine's compliance with Metal Mining Effluent Regulations under the federal Fisheries Act. And for most of the month where tests were showing a danger, he said, he never directly instructed Vale to stop sending the waste into the ocean.
He was asked why that direction was not given after the first failed test. "It wasn't in my heart right then to tell the mine how to do their business basically," he replied.
"They were investigating to determine what had gone wrong, your honour."
A second test, immediately required, led to a second failure. Again, no immediate action was taken to stop release of the effluent into the bay.
"The third failure hit me," the enforcement officer said, referring to a later test.
At that point, he contacted one of the company's environmental staff and gave a verbal warning.
"I told her at that point I was going to give her a verbal direction — which was basically to do everything in their power to come into compliance with the regulations," he said.
A verbal order is automatically followed by the same direction in writing. That written direction is dated Nov. 8, according to a reference made to the Crown's case files. By then, Hunter said, the company had already stopped sending its waste into the bay, until the cause of the failed testing could be identified and addressed.
As for why he did not order Vale to keep the waste at its site sooner, in a tailings impoundment area: "That, your honour, was not my business of knowing exactly their treatment system, and there could be liabilities involved with telling them ... how to run their business," he said.
He was later asked again.
"I didn't want the liability of telling a mine how to do their business," he said.
In discussing regulations, under questioning from Vale Newfoundland and Labrador attorney Doug Hamilton, Hunter said he was not aware of exactly how the mining company's effluent treatment system operated, what its limitations were, the details of the water management plans for its tailings impoundment area, or the layout of the system of piping used to move effluent around the mine site.
When the charges of illegal dumping against Vale Newfoundland and Labrador first came to light, in July 2013, The Telegram sought basic information on the case, including the volume of toxic material alleged to have been sent out into the environment; the type of material; basic information on what environmental monitoring was regularly conducted at the fly-in, fly-out mine site; and whether or not the provincial government had been aware of the charges against the company.
Through their various spokespeople, Environment Canada, the provincial Department of Environment, and Vale Newfoundland and Labrador all declined to comment, saying the case was before the courts and Crown attorney Mark Steers said he was similarly unable to discuss the case.
A request was subsequently made for a packet of documentation held by the Crown — including environmental testing and monitoring reports from the mine and emails between the mining company's environmental staff and regulators. That information was denied, at least prior to the start of trial.
The same documentation is now in dispute in terms of its admissability. As a result, the trial will be paused for a time after this week, while Judge Jim Walsh makes determinations on that front.
None of the allegations against the mining company have yet been proven.


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On Set of the James Cameron Shoot
Head-to-toe sleepwear-as-daywear has dominated the runways as of late, with matching sets from heavy hitters like Celine and Louis Vuitton. Barneys fashion director Amanda Brooks breaks up the ensemble, pairing her preferred Olatz pj shirts with black trousers or a pencil skirt for a trend updates that's anything but a yawn.
From top: Rachel Roy, $328, rachelroy.com; Equipment, $408, equipmentfr.com; Celine, $940, 212-535-3703.
The shirtdress returns to its tailored roots, with nipped waists, contrasting collars, and other feminine flounces that leave the borrowed-from-the-boys aesthetic behind.
Pictured: Miroslava Duma, Natalie Joos, and a shirtdress with a twist seen in Paris
Thakoon dress, $890, shopbop.com.
The Looks that Matter


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St Swithun's Way
A 34 mile long-distance walk from Winchester to Farnham
St Swithun's Way runs between Winchester, the capital of Saxon England, and historic Farnham. Whilst not tracing the original route of the Pilgrim's Way, as much of this is now the busy A31, St Swithun's Way follows some of the county's best countryside paths. Starting at Winchester Cathedral, the route weaves its way east through the picturesque Itchen Valley, taking in several pretty and unspoilt Hampshire villages, enabling the walker to visit numerous churches with pilgrimage connections and take a well-earned rest in welcoming country pubs.
Continuing northeast, it passes the attractive market towns of Alresford and Alton, as well as Chawton, the home of Jane Austen. Opportunities also abound for the walker to combine a trip with a ride on the Watercress Line, Hampshire's steam railway which runs through this section of countryside. Following the path of the River Wey, the route reaches Farnham in Surrey, a town with strong links with Winchester. Here, the route continues to Canterbury as the North Downs Way National Trail.
Pilgrimages between Winchester and Canterbury
Winchester was an important city throughout the mediaeval period, a centre of royal and ecclesiastical power. With the shrine to St Swithun and the tomb of Alfred the Great, Winchester was also the principal place of pilgrimage in England, with pilgrimage routes from all over the country converging on the city. However, following the death of Thomas a Beckett in 1170, his shrine at Canterbury became more important, attracting pilgrims from across Europe; those who travelled from the south coast would have wanted to visit both of these shrines if possible.
The 112 miles between Winchester and Canterbury consequently became probably the most important pilgrimage route in the country. There is no direct evidence to tell us this route, but, by following the ancient route to Farnham and linking places associated with pilgrims and travellers, we can trace the course which most pilgrims must have followed. It is possible to see the landscape through which they travelled, the settlements they passed and the churches which they may have visited.
We know of the economic prosperity which they could bring to those communities which provided provisions and shelter. We can suppose the dangers and discomforts which they suffered, particularly when we learn of the robbers who lay in wait in some places. We can also imagine the colour of the scene, the number of pilgrims, the wide range of languages spoken, the joy of their spiritual journey and the companionship which would have arisen among those sharing a journey.
St Swithun
St Swithun was born in Winchester, the capital of Wessex, in about 800. He had entered this country's history at an extremely turbulent time as it endured repeated attacks from continental invaders. After ordination, Swithun served in the royal household and became an important advisor to the king. In recognition of his great abilities, he was made the seventeenth Bishop of Winchester, in 852, and subsequently became renowned for rebuilding Winchester's East Gate bridge over the River Itchen. It was while visiting the workmen on the bridge that Swithun came upon a poor woman who had dropped and broken a basket of eggs. Legend states that he restored the broken eggs to whole – a miracle for which he became famed. Tradition has also associated Swithun with a young Alfred – he may have taken the boy on pilgrimages to Rome.
Swithun died in 862 and was buried in a simple grave outside the west door of the Saxon cathedral – located north of the present Norman cathedral. Popularity ensured that Swithun became a saint, although there was no decree from Rome. More and more miracles began to be associated with him, and the cult of St Swithun grew rapidly. However, it was following the translation (removal) of his bones on 15 July 971 to a new location in the cathedral that the real escalation in his popularity took place. Legend has it that the humble Swithun generated a violent storm on this day to show his disapproval at being moved to a more elaborate shrine. 15 July has become St Swithun's Day and provided us with the well-known poem:
St Swithun's Day, if thou dost rain,
For forty days it will remain:
St Swithun's Day, if thou be fair,
For forty days 'twill rain nae mair.
Pilgrims began to pay homage to the saint in increasing numbers, a tradition which remained undisturbed, even though St Swithun's remains, along with those of other kings, queens and bishops, were transferred from the Saxon to the Norman cathedral in 1093.
Following the route in Hampshire and Surrey
St Swithun's Way waymarks are based on the shell, a common symbol of pilgrimage, and two croziers, representing St Swithun and St Thomas à Beckett.
Linking walking routes
North Downs Way National Trail
St Swithun's Way can be extended to Canterbury, the birthplace of English Christianity, by using the North Downs Way National Trail which starts at Farnham railway station. This trail allows the walker to take a fully waymarked route, offering an option for completing sections of the Pilgrim's Way, through attractive Surrey and Kent downland and the towns of Dorking, Redhill, Sevenoaks and Maidstone, plus the cities of Guildford and Rochester.
Hampshire Millennium Pilgrims' Trail
Launched in 1999, the Hampshire Millennium Pilgrims' Trail runs between Winchester and Portsmouth, through Bishop's Waltham. It forms part of a long-distance route – St Michael's Way – between Winchester and Mont St Michel in Normandy. The Trail takes you on a journey, letting you discover the mediaeval pilgrim's experience and the relics of the landscape which they and their society left behind.


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Testicular cancer occurs in the testicles (testes), which are located inside the scrotum, a loose bag of skin underneath the penis. The testicles produce male sex hormones and sperm for reproduction.
Compared with other types of cancer, testicular cancer is rare. But testicular cancer is the most common cancer in American males between the ages of 15 and 35.
Testicular cancer is highly treatable, even when cancer has spread beyond the testicle. Depending on the type and stage of testicular cancer, you may receive one of several treatments, or a combination. Regular testicular self-examinations can help identify growths early, when the chance for successful treatment of testicular cancer is highest.
Signs and symptoms of testicular cancer include:
Cancer usually affects only one testicle.
See your doctor if you detect any pain, swelling or lumps in your testicles or groin area, especially if these signs and symptoms last longer than two weeks.
It's not clear what causes testicular cancer in most cases.
Doctors know that testicular cancer occurs when healthy cells in a testicle become altered. Healthy cells grow and divide in an orderly way to keep your body functioning normally. But sometimes some cells develop abnormalities, causing this growth to get out of control — these cancer cells continue dividing even when new cells aren't needed. The accumulating cells form a mass in the testicle.
Nearly all testicular cancers begin in the germ cells — the cells in the testicles that produce immature sperm. What causes germ cells to become abnormal and develop into cancer isn't known.
Factors that may increase your risk of testicular cancer include:
An undescended testicle (cryptorchidism). The testes form in the abdominal area during fetal development and usually descend into the scrotum before birth. Men who have a testicle that never descended are at greater risk of testicular cancer in either testicle than are men whose testicles descended normally. The risk remains elevated even if the testicle has been surgically relocated to the scrotum.
Still, the majority of men who develop testicular cancer don't have a history of undescended testicles.
Make an appointment with your family doctor or a general practitioner if you find a lump on a testicle.
If your doctor suspects you could have testicular cancer, you may be referred to a doctor who specializes in diagnosing and treating conditions of the urinary tract and male reproductive system (urologist) or a doctor who specializes in treating cancer (oncologist).
Because appointments can be brief, and because there's often a lot of ground to cover, it's a good idea to be well-prepared. Try to:
Your time with your doctor is limited, so preparing a list of questions can help you make the most of your time together. List your questions from most important to least important in case time runs out. For testicular cancer, some basic questions to ask your doctor include:
In addition to the questions that you've prepared to ask your doctor, don't hesitate to ask questions that come to mind during your appointment.
Your doctor is likely to ask you a number of questions. Being ready to answer them may allow more time later to cover other points you want to address. Your doctor may ask:
In some cases men discover testicular cancer themselves, either unintentionally or while doing a testicular self-examination to check for lumps. In other cases, your doctor may detect a lump during a routine physical exam.
To determine whether a lump is testicular cancer, your doctor may recommend:
Ultrasound. A testicular ultrasound test uses sound waves to create an image of the scrotum and testicles. During an ultrasound you lie on your back with your legs spread. Your doctor then applies a clear gel to your scrotum. A hand-held probe is moved over your scrotum to make the ultrasound image.
An ultrasound test can help your doctor determine the nature of any testicular lumps, such as if the lumps are solid or fluid-filled. Ultrasound also tells your doctor whether lumps are inside or outside of the testicle.
Your extracted testicle will be analyzed to determine the type of testicular cancer. The type of testicular cancer you have determines your treatment and your prognosis. In general, there are two types of testicular cancer:
Once your doctor confirms your diagnosis, the next step is to determine the extent (stage) of the cancer. To determine whether cancer has spread outside of your testicle, you may undergo:
After these tests, your testicular cancer is assigned a stage. The stage helps determine what treatments are best for you. The stages of testicular cancer are:
The options for treating your testicular cancer depend on several factors, including the type and stage of cancer, your overall health, and your own preferences.
Operations used to treat testicular cancer include:
In cases of early-stage testicular cancer, surgery may be the only treatment needed.
If surgery is your only treatment for testicular cancer, your doctor will recommend a schedule of follow-up appointments. At these appointments — typically every few months for the first few years and then less frequently after that — you'll undergo blood tests, CT scans and other procedures to check for signs that your cancer has returned.
Radiation therapy uses high-powered energy beams, such as X-rays, to kill cancer cells. During radiation therapy, you're positioned on a table and a large machine moves around you, aiming the energy beams at precise points on your body.
Radiation therapy is a treatment option that's sometimes used in people who have the seminoma type of testicular cancer. Radiation therapy may be recommended after surgery to remove your testicle.
Side effects may include fatigue, as well as skin redness and irritation in your abdominal and groin areas. Radiation therapy is also likely to cause infertility. Talk to your doctor about your options for preserving your sperm before beginning radiation therapy.
Chemotherapy treatment uses drugs to kill cancer cells. Chemotherapy drugs travel throughout your body to kill cancer cells that may have migrated from the original tumor.
Chemotherapy may be your only treatment, or it may be recommended before or after lymph node removal surgery.
Side effects of chemotherapy depend on the drugs being used. Ask your doctor what to expect. Common side effects include fatigue, nausea, hair loss and an increased risk of infection. There are medications and treatments available that reduce some of the side effects of chemotherapy.
Chemotherapy is also likely to cause infertility, which can be permanent. Talk to your doctor about your options for preserving your sperm before beginning chemotherapy.
Each man comes to terms with his testicular cancer and deals with the ensuing emotions in his own way. You may feel scared and unsure of your future after your diagnosis.
While feelings of anxiety may never go away, you can create a plan to help manage your emotions. Try to:
There's no way to prevent testicular cancer.
Some doctors recommend regular testicle self-examinations to identify testicular cancer at its earliest stage. But not all doctors agree. Discuss testicular self-examination with your doctor if you're unsure about whether it's right for you.
If you choose to do a testicular self-examination, a good time to examine your testicles is after a warm bath or shower. The heat from the water relaxes your scrotum, making it easier for you to find anything unusual.
To do this examination, follow these steps:
If you find a lump, make an appointment with your doctor.
Original article: http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/testicular-cancer/basics/treatment/con-20043068
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Write your own column!
And I'm not talking about his lymphoma.
I'm talking about the fact that he is reportedly attracted to men, and that he manifests it in inappropriate ways.
And now he is leaving Congress over it.
At least that is the assumption in Washington, as he yesterday announced his decision not to seek re-election, on the same day that it was reported that the House Ethics Committee is investigating a claim that he sexually harassed a young male staff member.
In Massa's statement, he intimated – but did not directly say – that he was leaving public life because of his health. He also referenced – but did not specifically deny – a report of the accusation.
I hope Eric Massa's health is strong, and that his cancer has not returned. But I seriously doubt that this is about his health.
It is about his conduct.
Currently, it is alleged that he sexually harassed a male staff member, and that this staff member went for help to a more senior congressional staffer, who contacted the office of House Majority Leader Steny Hoyer. According to a statement released by Hoyer last night, he directed that the matter be taken to the Ethics Committee for review.
Hoyer also said that, though he doesn't know whether the allegations are true or not, he regrets the fact that the episode reflects poorly on the Congress. He compared it to the matter of former Rep. Mark Foley, who sent inappropriate sexual text messages to a male House page.
When I heard the allegations against Eric Massa yesterday, they were sadly similar to allegations I became aware of during his first congressional campaign and which, though I was confident of their truthfulness, I did not report.
The information is this: During his Navy career, Eric Massa allegedly touched at least two men inappropriately and may have exhibited a pattern of putting himself in situations where he would see men naked – particularly younger and lower-ranked men.
These allegations come from general shipboard understandings and conversations, and were relayed to me by shipmates of Eric Massa.
In one instance, Eric Massa was a lieutenant commander and the combat systems officer of the USS Jouett. That made him the third-ranking officer on the boat – behind the captain and the executive officer.
According to another officer on the ship, Massa and a lieutenant were on liberty in the Middle East. Massa had made the motel arrangements and the room turned out to have only one bed. The lieutenant reportedly told other officers on the ship that while they were in the room, Massa came up behind him and started massaging his neck and shoulders.
The lieutenant, shocked by this conduct from a higher-ranking officer, shrugged it off, literally.
In the night, he later told shipmates, he was awakened by Massa's hands in his shorts. The lieutenant was startled and turned away. Massa rolled over and pretended to be asleep.
Whether that happened or not, only two people know. But the story was known on the ship and was passed to me by a fellow officer and graduate of the Naval Academy.
A few months after this incident, another lieutenant – who had been Eric Massa's stateroom roommate onboard the Jouett – was having a Hail and Farewell on the beach at North Island in San Diego. At the party – which celebrated the lieutenant's departure for a new assignment – other officers asked him what it was like to room with Massa.
They then related the alleged incident from the motel room on shore leave. It was the first the lieutenant had heard.
He then told the officers present that he had had a somewhat similar situation. In the stateroom, Massa had the bottom rack and the lieutenant had the top rack. The lieutenant told the people at the Hail and Farewell that one night he had awakened to Massa atop him in his bunk.
The lieutenant rebuffed Massa.
Neither lieutenant officially complained about their experiences. In both instances, Massa was their boss – the No. 3 man on the ship – and they both were afraid of the captain, a reportedly gruff and harsh man. Massa's stateroom roommate did report the situation to his immediate superior, but the superior – an Annapolis classmate of Massa's – reportedly said it was best to keep things quiet.
Nothing ever came of either event.
Also while on the Jouett, junior officers were troubled by the fact that Massa used their shower – even though it was four decks below his stateroom and he had showering facilities with the other senior officers.
On a later assignment, as the executive officer of another ship, rumor went around the Navy that Eric Massa was in the habit of using a self-serve laundry next to the enlisted-men's shower at 6 in the morning. Typically, an XO's laundry would be done by an orderly, and an officer doing his own would not use the enlisted laundry.
These are the things I knew about Eric Massa three years ago. I had them primarily from one source, and in part from two other sources.
None of the sources wanted to speak publicly, though one of the sources wanted the story to go public. The other two feared retribution and had gone on with their lives and didn't want to get involved in an old controversy.
Though I very much opposed Eric Massa in both of his campaigns, I did not report this information or ask him about it.
My thinking was this. Though the stories and how they developed seemed genuine, I recognized that it was possible they could have been mere gossip about a caustic and unpopular officer. They may also have been an orchestrated lie.
And while I had enough sourcing to put the information out, from a journalism standpoint, I didn't feel good about it, from a personal standpoint.
The stories came to me a good 10 years after they happened. I considered that Eric Massa, even if the accusations were true, might well, in the intervening decade, have put his life in order and engaged in better conduct. Further, there was the matter of his family. He is married and has three children, and cavalierly hurting his family was not something I had the stomach for.
Additionally, I didn't think it was relevant. Not relevant enough to pull the pin out of the grenade and throw it.
Finally, there were political considerations. Though I actively spoke and wrote against Massa's candidacies – I reported other, more-pertinent damaging information about him – in his first race he had no chance of winning, and in the second race the real issue was the ability of his opponent, Congressman Randy Kuhl.
In short, raising this issue, under those circumstances, didn't seem right. The good to be accomplished was not worth the damage that would be done.
Withholding the information was a decision I still feel good about.
But I was not surprised when news of the new allegation came forward. It struck me as a continuation of an old behavior pattern.
It also struck me as sad.
Because, while I disagree with Eric Massa, I have come to begrudgingly respect and even like him. He is a carpetbagger, and it galls me that this liberal parachuted in to represent the area where I grew up, but he has over the last year shown a personality that is winning. He has also been a very good congressman when it comes to honoring his district's servicemen and veterans. A month ago, I saw him stand in line outside a funeral home in 20-degree temperatures for more than two hours in order to pay his respects to the family of a fallen Marine.
I respect that.
But that is over.
And now the question is: Who will replace him?
It is a Republican district, and this fall is shaping up to be a powerful pushback against the Obama Democrats, so prospects look very good for a Republican candidate. Unfortunately, the sacrificial Republican lamb sent up to face Massa is not really worthy of having the seat handed to him on a silver platter.
Though most of the Republican county chairmen have settled on this candidate, they should rethink their endorsements.
Most likely GOP candidates would be Monroe County Executive Maggie Brooks, former Congressman Randy Kuhl, state Senator Cathy Young and Assembly minority leader Brian Kolb.
Most likely Democrat candidate would be longtime Hornell Mayor Shawn Hogan.
A factor in the race, and who decides to enter it, is the fact that this district will disappear in 2012. When New York redistricts, and loses seats in the House of Representatives, it's a sure bet that the Democrats who draw the lines will eliminate this majority-Republican district.
If Massa was still around, maybe he could get the Democrats to protect his seat. With him replaced by a Republican, the district is doomed.
So the question will be, who wants to go through a campaign, and give up their day job, for two years in Congress?
The next few weeks will probably answer that question.
Yesterday was an interesting day in New York politics. It began with talk about the governor's future, and ended with discussion of a congressman's future.
I was surprised to hear Eric Massa was quitting politics.
But I wasn't surprised by the reason why.
- by Bob Lonsberry © 2010


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member for 9 years, 10 months, 15 days
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I am a retired truck driver(Roadway Express)and was a deputy sheriff for 8 years with Greene County Mo. under Mickey Owen. I am married to my beautiful wife Linda of 50 years. We have 4 children, 9 grandchildren and 2 great grandchildren. Our church Willard-Mt.Zion Presbyterian. That was our pet Lucy a Whippet that helps out and keep us going.
I enjoy searching for my ancestors and wish I had asked more questions of my relatives while they were still alive.I was raised in the wilderness of Texas County, Mo.(Paddy Creek area)
If you find a problem with my entries, please e-mail me and I will make corrections. April 2010
Memories of Lady Lucy McCown Our Whippet
In our wildest dreams we would never have thought that April 12, 2008, would be the last morning you would wake up with us. Waiting for Daddy to put his shoes on so you could go outside. We will always have that memory of you that morning, looking back over your head to see what we were doing. Our home is so empty without you, in all your places, on the couch, in our chairs, in the sunshine and in your bed in our bedroom. We haven't been able to take a short nap in the afternoon because you aren't here. There has been many, many tears shed for our beautiful Lady Lucy. You touched so many lives. Every one in the campground was very sad that you passed away so suddenly. It is so hard to go get the newspaper in the morning without you with me. The vet said that you probably had a blood clot that moved and you had a stroke is why you went to suddenly to Rainbow Bridge. As you know I(Mom) had my hand on your heart when it made its last beat. We are very glad you didn't suffer and be in a lot of pain.
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Erv & Patty Hudson
RE: Jerry O
Thank you Sam. We will take good care of the memorial.
Erv & Patty
Added by
Erv & Patty Hudson
on Feb 03, 2016 8:18 PM
An old piece of Clay
RE: Woodmansee
Thanks for updating!
Added by
An old piece of Clay
on Jan 01, 2016 4:02 PM
Lisa LINDGREN
Manuel Garland Grumbles
Manuel Garland Grumbles was the nephew of my great grandfather and I grew up knowing Manuel. He was born in Civit, Garvin, Oklahoma according to all information on him. His only wife was Elizabeth Proctor Strains. Thank you for updating his information.
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Lisa LINDGREN
on Jan 09, 2015 10:57 AM
RE: Mary Snider
Thank You
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on Nov 27, 2014 3:14 PM
LLoyd Nichols
Pleasant Hill
I Keep finding more kin here and really appreciate your photos. Great work!
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LLoyd Nichols
on Aug 10, 2013 1:14 PM
LLoyd Nichols
Lon & Orpah Farr at Pleasant Hill
Sam, thank you so much for this wonderful photo. With your permission I would like to add it to my ancestry.com tree? Strictly for memorial purposes. I'll credit you, of course. Thanks, again.
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LLoyd Nichols
on Jan 05, 2013 12:06 PM
daniel clark
i need all the tindle info
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daniel clark
on Dec 29, 2012 6:02 PM
Dwayne Crandall
Myrtle Atwood Crain duplicate
Please remove the duplicate photo from my aunt's memorial. Find A Grave #44880521
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Dwayne Crandall
on Sep 11, 2012 7:10 AM
I. E. O'Dell Headstone
Sam, thanks so much for the headstone photo of Ile Elmer "Ike" O'Dell. Your help is appreciated. Cheryl
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on Jun 25, 2012 6:29 AM
I would first like to say thank you for the time you took to go and look for this headstone. I am thinking maybe she remarried after her husband died, maybe has a new name? I will check with family. I am sure it was a hot and humid day, so thank you for searching.
I also read on your page about your whippet passing away. It brought tears to my eyes b/c both my husband and I are extreme animal lovers and both came into our marriage with a dog each, little did we know that our dogs were born on the exact same day and year... they were twins and we knew we (my husband and I) were mean't to be. We lost our babies about 2 years ago, they were 14 years old and only died 4 months apart. It was like losing a child. We too are familiar with the rainbow bridge and cannot wait til the day we can reunite again. God brought a stray puppy into our lives the day before we lost our last baby. She now has a wonderful home and is quite spoiled. We told ourselves that when our animals pass, we would never get another... only b/c it hurts to bad to lose them, but God had other plans for us. She comforted us through the loss of both our babies. I just wanted to let you know how touched I was by you post.
Many blessings
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on Jun 23, 2012 10:27 PM
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Try different values. In particular, extreme ones (eg. 0, 1023 or close to that)
Now, every 100mSec I make a call to a TimerThree function, the PWM function, and this is where TCCR3A is able to be changed, as follows;
Well why do you call that every 100 mS? You don't need to change the period, do you? Only the duty cycle.
Something in your code, or in a library, is doing it. Possibly due to a buffer overrun somewhere
Does this code have interrupts?
Firstly, I have removed the TimerThree generated 100mSec interrupt used to call a routine.That interrupt has been replaced with a standard 100mSec millis() time check, which works fine.
For something that goes wrong very occasionally it sounds like a timing issue
is your theory that the PWM output will eventually stop?
can't get past the dreaded "sync" error.
For that matter just write 32 every time but record that the value was wrong.
smells of memory leaks
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November 20, 2012
Ella Pietras, left, and Lily Van Ness make their way back to Soda Creek Elementary School on Tuesday morning after taking part in pre-holiday festivities that included a trek along the trail and a couple of laps around the middle school track.
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I am running this code
for(vector<Enemy*>::iterator it = enemyVector.begin(); it != enemyVector.end();) { if((*it)->getState()) { delete *it; it = enemyVector.erase(it); } else { ++it; } }to delete enemies which are flagged as "dead".
From what I've gathered when googleing for a couple of days this is the right way to delete with iterators from a vector. BUT when i kill the last item in the vector my program crashes.
I've had this problem for a while (although it went away for a while, but is back now so i'm guessing the problem lies elsewhere in the code).
If this is the right code i am using what other kinds of code can make it crash? Nowhere else in the program do i delete from the vecor the only other interaction with the vector is from code similar to this:
for(vector<Enemy*>::iterator it = enemyVector.begin(); it != enemyVector.end(); it++) { (*it)->draw(); }
Basically what i need help with is knowing what to look for since uploading my code would be to much to ask for and i don't expect anyone to look through it all since it's pretty much code.


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As a side note, this application also needs to do some string processing and perl is really terrible for that. I hadn't noticed that ever before, but looping over a string in various directions is just so much easier in C.
perl has its downsides, but not being good at string processing isn't usually included in that list. arguably, perl's greatest strength is string processing. could you elaborate on what kind of string processing tasks you find easier to do in C than in perl? are you maybe just not familiar with the wonderful world of regular expressions that perl puts at your fingertips?


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Protection of Human Rights [fr]
Human rights are among the founding values of the French Republic. Respect for human rights is central to the functioning of democracy in France and to the country's involvement in international organizations.
Human rights are inalienable to all human beings, whatever their nationality, wherever they live and whatever their gender, ethnic or national origin, colour, religion, language or any other condition, and France is committed to fighting all human rights violations wherever they are committed.
At the UN, France is very active in the different bodies where the subject is discussed: the Security Council, the General Assembly, and the Human Rights Council (of which France is a member elected for the 2014-2016 mandate), but also at the Economic and Social Council (Commission on the Status of Women).
France is particularly engaged in the fight against the recruitment of child soldiers, forced disappearances, respect for women's rights and the fight against discrimination based on sexual orientation and gender identity.
France is also fully mobilized in the fight to abolish the death penalty. In New York, it promotes the adoption of a General Assembly resolution calling for the establishment of a universal moratorium on the death penalty, and it takes every opportunity to urge all states applying the death penalty to abolish it.
Complete this article with our file about the "Protection of civilians"


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In "Decision Time," Editor Brian Lovett shares a scenario from his 20-plus years hunting turkeys. Each hinges on a critical decision. Post what choice you would have made, and then see how things actually turned out.
Conclusion: Thy Partner's Turkey
Of course, you turkey killers out there know what I did. Let a longbeard walk? Never.
I shot the strutter at 25 steps and then apologized up and down to my buddy.
"Heck, I was wondering when you were going to shoot," he said.
His understanding made me feel better, and I vowed that we'd get on a turkey that afternoon.
And do you know what? We did. In fact, my friend shot a Rio Grande with spurs just shy of 2 inches.
Maybe he'd known something I hadn't.
What decision did you make?
Click here to return to the scenario.
Click here to get great deals on all the new turkey gear you'll need for Spring 2011.


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Term: Chakras
Chakras: A chakra is a spinning vortex of energy created within ourselves by the interpenetration of consciousness and the physical body. Through this combination, chakras become centers of activity for the reception, assimilation, and transmission of life energies. Uniting the chakras is what we experience as the "self."
The word chakra comes from the Sanskrit word for "wheel" or "disk" and originated within the philosophy of the ancient yoga systems of India.
source: Truth about Chakras, Anodea Judith
Chakras: Wheel of light or spinning disc. The energetic organ located at various plexuses throughout the body and work to revitalize the physical body and the energy field.
source: The Sacred Path of Reiki, by Katalin Koda
Chakras: Pronounced "Chak-rah" with a hard "ch" as in the word "chalk" or "Kahk-rah," these are power centers in the aura related to organs or glands in the body. The chakras are not in the body per se; they are actually whirls, vorteces, circles, or lotuses that psychics can see in the aura.
source: Modern Magick, by Donald Michael Kraig
Sanskrit. "Wheel, Vortex, or Whirlpool." Psychic centers located in the aura functioning through the etheric body that exchange particular energies between the physical body and the personality, and the higher sources of energy associated with the planets, the Solar System, and the cosmos. They are interfaces between Mind and Body.
There are seven traditional "master" chakras and dozens of minor ones located in such places as the palms of the hands, soles of the feet, joints of arms and legs, and just about any place traditionally adorned with jewelry.
Chakras are "vortexes," whirling centers of energy associated with particular areas of the body. In the Hindu tradition, muladhara is located at the base of the spine and is the source of kundalini and the power used in sex magic. Svadhisthna is located at the sacrum. Muladhara and Svadhisthna are linked to the physical body. Manipura is located at the solar plexus. Muladhara, Svadhisthna, and Manipura are together associated as the Personality, and their energies can be projected through the solar plexus in such psychic phenomena as rapping, ectoplasm, and the creation of familiars. Manipura is linked to the lower astral body. Anahata is located at the heart and is associated with group consciousness. Vishuddha is located at the throat and is associated with clairvoyance.
Anahata and Ajna are linked to the higher astral body. Ajna is located at the brow and is associated with clairvoyance. Sahasrara is located at the crown and is associated with spiritual consciousness. Anahata, Vishuddha, and Sahasrara are together associated as the spiritual self.
The master, or major, chakras are as follows. While we are listing some correspondences to planets, colors, and the Kabbalistic sephiroth, there is considerable debate about these and the correlations cannot be specific because the chakras and the sephiroth involve two different systems. Likewise, although not listed, there are differences between both these systems and those of Oriental martial arts and healing systems.
Base Chakra: Muladhara, base of spine, color red, associated planet Saturn, Sephirah Malkuth, associated Tattwa Prithivi, symbol of the element of Earth.
Sacral Chakra: Svadhisthana, genital area, color orange, associated planet Jupiter or Moon, Sephirah Yesod, associated Tattva Apas, symbol of the element of Water.
Solar Plexus Chakra: Manipura, solar plexus below the navel, color yellow, associated planet Mars, sephirah: none suggested, associated Tattva Tejas, symbol of the element of Fire.
Heart Chakra: Anahata, heart, color green, associated planet Sun or Venus, sephirah Tiphareth, associated Tattva Vayu, symbol of the element of air.
Throat Chakra: Vishuddha, throat, color blue, associated planet Mercury, Sephirah Daath, associated Tattva Akasha, symbol of the element of Spirit.
Brow Chakra:Ajna (the Third Eye), brow (just above and between the eyes), color indigo, associated planet Moon, Sephiroth Chokmah & Binah.
Crown Chakra: Sahasrara, crown, color violet, associated planet none, Sephirah Kether.
The following chart is a simplification of the primary chakra system:
1 These are the most commonly assigned colors, but authorities differ.
2 These are the most commonly assigned locations, but authorities differ. Instead of the Solar Plexus, Theosophists identify it with the Spleen, others with the navel.
3 Commonly, this is given as two, but it is really two "wings" of 48 each.
4 Most commonly, it is identified as a thousand-petaled lotus. The crown chakra has 960 spokes plus another 12 in its center, which is gleaming white with gold at its core.
5 Between anus and perineum.
6 Again, there are disagreements among authorities. Remember that there is no direct physical connection between the etheric chakras and the physical body.
Suggested Reading:
Wheels of Life: A User'ss Guide to the Chakra System, by Anodea Judith
A Chakra & Kundalini Workbook: Psycho-Spiritual Techniques for Health, Rejuvenation, Psychic Powers & Spiritual Rejuvenation, by Dr. Jonn Mumford
source: Llewellyn Complete Book of Psychic Empowerment, by Carl Llewellyn Weschcke & Joe H. Slate, Ph.D. (Llewellyn Publications) - Carl Llewellyn Weschcke
Disk or wheel. Chakras are energetic centers in the body that can be used as a kind of inner roadmap in Tantric practice. Dr. Mumford defines a chakra as, "a whirling vortex of energy, the meeting point between the body and the mind."
source: Great Sex Made Simple, by Mark A. Michaels and Patricia Johnson (Llewellyn Publications) - Mark A. Michaels and Patricia Johnson
Also See: Chakra
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A very powerful and effective daily ritual/exercise for activating the five psychic centers of the Middle Pillar in the body. In ways, it resembles the arousing of chakras, but follows the Kabbalistic pattern, and the concept of Light descending and ...
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An interesting law of science is that wherever there is an electrical current there is a concomitant magnetic field. The human body is filled with electricity, especially in the nerves and muscles. It follows, therefore, that there is a field or ...
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Perhaps the greatest value of crystals is their use in healing. They have long been known for their curative effects when used in the preparation of tinctures; for their protective characteristics when worn as amulets and talismans; and for their ...
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Introduction: In the article on Tratak we've already mentioned the value of stimulating the brow chakra. A very powerful adjunct to the method of physically feeling subtle sensations in the brow area is the use of voice vibrations focused ...
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ICS open house
Immaculate Conception Catholic School will be celebrating Catholic Schools Week Jan. 27 through Feb. 3rd.
Immaculate Conception Catholic School will be celebrating Catholic Schools Week Jan. 27 through Feb. 3rd.
On Thursday, Jan. 10, Immaculate Conception School held its annual school spelling bee. Nine fifth graders competed with hopes of moving on to the Ottawa County Spelling Bee next month. The class had been studying and preparing for the bee with Language Arts Teacher Jackie Brown. This year's winners are: Lissa Gillman, first place; Elena Kessler, second place; and Lohany Arambula, third place.
The first graders and preschoolers at Immaculate Conception School embraced winter by making wonderful snowflakes lasts week. The 3 and 4 year olds created flakes by spraying them with a liquid paint. The icy masterpieces now line the hallway of the school. Miss Mary Heshel and Miss Michelle Wojciechowski assisted with the project.
The first graders of I.C.S. also honored winter at their monthly theme day yesterday. The group made wonderfully huge and intricate snowflakes by twisting paper, drank hot chocolate, created snowman note cards, and made seedy treats for their backyard birds. Mrs. Rita McNutt, first grade teacher, comes up with the activities to usher in the changing seasons and invites family members of the students to join in the day of interactive learning.


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SEED yourself with a trip to LA -- tonight at 8:30 on CityTV!
Heads up Canada…
There's a new Canadian comedy…
Seed is on CityTV every Monday at 8:30pm. Have you been watching? It's a contemporary version of Friends crossed with Modern Family that follows Harry (Adam Korson), an ill-equipped bachelor whose past sperm donations catch up to him when the kids he was unaware he had sired, and their families, begin entering his life: a lesbian couple and their 9-year-old oddball son, an up-tight, upper-class husband and wife and their rebellious teenage daughter, and an implosive single woman with a ticking biological clock – pregnant with his child – with whom a relationship develops.
Seed has been well-received so far, largely on the appeal of its star Adam Korson, who plays "immature" Harry, the harmless bumbling "village idiot" with one prolific skill: his boys make babies real good, as in a lot.
Episode 6 airs tonight at 8:30pm ET/PT on City TV. If you missed last week's episode and want to catch up, click here.
One of the running themes on the show is Harry's attempts to impart wisdom on his newly discovered children. And this is the basis of CityTV's new contest giving you a chance to win a trip to LA to meet Harry. Click here to let him tell you all about it.
So tune in to Seed on Mondays at 8:30pm on CityTV, share this link over Facebook and Twitter, and you will have the chance to win one of three Grand Prizes of a trip for two to LA!
Good luck!


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Watch: Ang Probinsyano – April 18, 2017 FULL HD REPLAY
Pinoy TV Replay
FPJ's Ang Probinsyano (Lit: The Man from the Province or The Provincial Man) is a 2015 Philippine action drama television series based on the 1997 Fernando Poe, Jr. film of the same title, courtesy of FPJ Productions.
Directed by Malu Sevilla, Avel Sunpongco and Toto Natividad, it is topbilled by Coco Martin, together with an ensemble cast.
The series premiered on ABS-CBN and worldwide on The Filipino Channel on September 28, 2015, replacing Nathaniel.
Follow the journey of twins Ador and Cardo (both played by Coco Martin), who were separated from each other because of financial reasons even as they followed the path of being police officers.
Ador is a well known and respected CIDG Police Official, with a loving family as his support. Cardo, on the other hand, loves the solitude of the mountains in the province as a SAF Trooper.
Their lives take a sudden turn when Ador gets himself entangled in a syndicate by being betrayed by one of his own colleagues, resulting to his death.
To conceal this fact, Cardo was ordered to pretend to be Ador and finish the mission what his brother left behind.
He will also be force to pretend to his brother's family and friends, and be re-united with his grandmother, whom he despised, for assuming she abandoned him.


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Where Will All the Water Go?
License: CC BY-NC 3.0
This photo shows a huge crack in Antarctica's Pine Island Glacier. The glacier is thinning and weakening. A big chunk of the glacier is on its way to becoming a new iceberg that will eventually melt in the ocean.
Why It Matters
- Glaciers all over Earth are melting. The polar ice caps are melting as well. In fact, they are melting at the alarming rate of 9 percent per decade. Since the 1960s, the thickness of Arctic ice has decreased by 40 percent.
- Why is all this melting going on? Ice all over Earth is gaining thermal energy and changing from the solid to liquid state. The increased thermal energy is due to global warming.
- Where will all that liquid water go? It will go into the ocean and raise sea levels. You can use the interactive map at the following URL to see how sea levels are changing around the world: http://tidesandcurrents.noaa.gov/sltrends/. Click on some of the arrows on the map and then on the linear trend. On each graph, look for the linear mean sea level trend.
What Do You Think?
Learn more about melting ice and rising sea levels at the links below. Then answer the questions that follow.
- http://www.sciencenews.org/view/generic/id/350478/description/News_in_Brief_Glacier_melt_causes_large_fraction_of_sea_level_rise
- http://www.nrdc.org/globalwarmig/fcons/fcons4.asp
- Multiple climate models indicate that sea ice will increasingly retreat as Earth warms. What do the models predict for the Arctic? What will it be like by 2040 if the models are correct?
- Global warming causes sea levels to rise for two reasons. Explain what the two reasons are.
- How much has global sea level risen in the past century? How much is it likely to rise by 2100, based on climate models?
- On the sea level map above, look at the linear trends in sea level for Grand Isle, Louisiana, and Hilo, Hawaii. Describe in words what the mean line graphs show for these two locations.
- What are some of the likely effects of rising sea levels?
- What do you think? How do you predict sea levels will change in the future? How do you think this will affect people who live on coasts?


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No. 4 Wisconsin cruises past Northwestern 76-49
Hayes nets career-high 19
EVANSON, Ill. - Traevon Jackson is paying close attention to Nigel Hayes. Same for Sam Dekker, who thinks the freshman reserve is going to be a big-time player for No. 4 Wisconsin.
Jackson and Dekker are teaching. Hayes is listening, and it's paying off.
Hayes had a career-high 19 points and the Badgers remained unbeaten with an easy 76-49 victory over Northwestern in their Big Ten opener Thursday night.
"What Nigel's doing, one of the biggest reasons he's able to do that, besides his frame, is that he's intelligent," Wisconsin coach Bo Ryan said. "Very smart. Picks up things very quickly and he's so perceptive on the court."
Hayes went 8 for 12 from the field and had a season-high six rebounds while showing a nice combination of power and finesse. The prize recruit is averaging 15.3 points in his last three games.
"I'm feeling a little more comfortable out there," Hayes said.
Northwestern (7-7, 0-1) has dropped two straight after a three-game winning streak. Alex Olah had a career-high 23 points, but leading scorer Drew Crawford was held to 10 points on 3-for-11 shooting.
The Wildcats shot 34.5 percent (19 for 55) and their reserves managed just four points, compared to 32 for their counterparts on the Badgers.


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Latest Full EpisodesSee all »
Sex tourism may be one of Thailand's most profitable industries. Many of the foreign men who enter the country as tourists come for sex the demand is high, and the market is massive. Servicing this demand are women trafficked from all over the world, including those lured to Thailand by a vicious Thai-Uzbek ring. Most Uzbek women who work in the industry come to Bangkok out of financial desperation; they believe they'll get good jobs, but they end up as slaves.
The history of aviation may never be the same. Forty years before the Wright brothers flew at Kitty Hawk, frantic inventors and engineers rushed to create steam-powered flying machines that they hoped would decide the fate of the Civil War. Mark Ragan, author and project historian of the Hunley (a Civil War submarine), recently discovered shocking new evidence suggesting that both sides of the conflict were struggling to craft steam-powered flying machines, capable of bombing the enemy.
From the firing on Fort Sumter to the iconic battlefields of Manassas/Bull Run and Gettysburg, the mecca of reenacting, find out how far they're willing to go to relive history. Travel back in time with them to document how the Civil War was lived, felt and fought. Through the experiences of three unique characters -- a former Marine who served in Iraq, a teenager bent on joining the elite ranks and a man who claims to be the reincarnation of a Gettysburg soldier -- we get a candid look inside this deeply passionate community, and emerge with a new understanding of the sacrifices we made as a nation to preserve the Union.
Venturing through the seas off Song Doc in search of sea snakes, in the markets and the back alleys of Le Mat Village in Hanoi for kraits and cobras, and in the jungles for the elusive and endangered king cobra, Kenny and Zoltan put themselves at risk hunting these snakes in the name of science and adventure. To add to the challenge, they must do all this while being followed by famed photographer Mattias Klum and the National Geographic Magazine crew who must meet their assignment goals and deadlines while avoiding any mortal bites. Can they accomplish their goals and get in some cave diving for Kenny, or will that end up being the most dangerous challenge of all? From finding Venom Viagra and an elusive king cobra in the jungle, to Mattias' close encounter with a cobra's bite, to sharing a life- threatening experience in an underwater cave, Kenny and Zoltan show how science can be an adventure.
Cast & Details See all »
- Rating: TV-PG
- Premise: An Emmy-winning, richly photographed and reported exploration of the world's natural wonders, produced by the National Geographic Society. In June 2003, it took the title `National Geographic Ultimate Explorer,' adding culture and politics to the mix. In J… (more)
Trending TonightSee all »
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Watch This
5 Things to Watch This Weekend - April 29-30, 2017
Not the White House Correspondents' Dinner, American Gods and more
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- 1. War Dogs
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- 3. Sausage Party
- 4. Suicide Squad
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- 6. Jason Bourne
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Popular Celebrities
- 1. Rami Malek
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he 6-9 team will end its season on Dec. 30 at the Buffalo Bills.
Sanchez, who was given a new salary-cap draining contract in March that guaranteed him a combined $20.5 million in 2012 and 2013, quarterbacked the Jets to the American Football Conferences championship game his first two seasons. Statistics show that the 26-year-old perhaps didnt deserve the extension or a place in the teams starting lineup even with the winning records.To give Sanchez an extension in the offseason was monumentally ridiculous, said Aaron Schatz, editor-in-chief of FootballOutsiders.com, which uses advanced statistics to analyze player values. His performance is the equivalent of your average backup quarterback.
Sanchez had 13 touchdown passes and 17 interceptions while completing 54.8 percent of his passes before being benched following five turnovers in a Dec. 17 loss to Tennessee that ended the Jets playoff hopes. Hes had 50 turnovers the last two seasons.Statistical Start
Sanchez threw for 12 touchdowns and 20 interceptions as a rookie in 2009, then seemed to improve the following year, tossing 17 scoring passes while being picked off 13 times. Another 15 of his passes in 2010 should have been interceptions but were dropped by defenders, according to FootballOutsiders.com.
Thats the most dropped interceptions weve tracked from any quarterback in the four years weve been doing this, Schatz said in a telephone interview.
The website uses a ranking called DYAR, which stands for Defense-Adjusted Yards Above Replacement. The metric measures how a players performance compares to generic replacement- level players in the same situation. Out of 39 quarterbacks who have thrown 100 passes this season, Sanchez ranks last. He also ranks 34th in rushing out of 34 quarterbacks whove attempted at least seven runs.
Rookie Preferred
Theres no reason why you would want Mark Sanchez right now instead of a rookie you could get in the second or third round, Schatz said.


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Category: Crabs and Shrimp view all from this category
Description The purple shore crab, Hemigrapsus nudus, is a common crab of the family Varunidae. It can be found sheltering under rocks in inter-tidal areas along the west coast of North America, from Alaska to Baja California in Mexico. This crab primarily eats sea lettuce and other green algae, and occasionally scavenges dead animals.
A small crab, H. nudus reaches sizes of approximately 4.0–5.6 centimetres (1.6–2.2 in). Its dorsal shell (carapace) is generally a dark purple in color, although it may be olive green or red, with white or cream markings. The color of the legs matches the color of the carapace but the white-tipped claws (chelipeds) are a lighter color with purple or red spots – these spots allow H. nudus to be distinguished from a similar looking crab, the lined shore crab, Pachygrapsus crassipes, whose chelipeds lack spots. The legs of H. nudus lack setae, a distinguishing feature of the otherwise similar H. oregonensis.
Habitat Rocks, Salt marshes & estuaries, Algae.
Range Western Canada, Northwest, California, Alaska.


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Monster Beverage Under Fire
San Francisco Says Energy-Drink Maker Targets Kids; Company Defends Product, Denies Allegation
San Francisco City Attorney Dennis Herrera sued Monster Beverage Corp. MNST 0.20% in California state court Monday, accusing the company of marketing its caffeinated energy drinks to children despite alleged health risks.
The lawsuit represents the latest effort by an increasing number of city, state and federal authorities to investigate or restrict the selling and marketing of energy drinks—which have quickly become an estimated $10 billion industry in the U.S. The drinks promise a kick from caffeine and other ingredients such as taurine and ginseng.
The suit also escalates a legal tussle between San Francisco and Monster, which sued the city last week in federal court. The Corona, Calif., company, the leading seller of energy drinks in the U.S. by volume, has accused Mr. Herrera of overstepping his authority by trying to force it to curb marketing and serving sizes, among other measures.
In Monday's lawsuit, filed in San Francisco, Mr. Herrera alleged Monster was violating California law by marketing its drinks to children as young as six years old, despite warnings from public-health authorities that highly caffeinated products can cause brain seizures and cardiac arrests among adolescents.
"Monster Energy is unique among energy drink makers for the extent to which it targets children and youth in its marketing, despite the known risks its products pose to young people's health and safety," Mr. Herrera said Monday.
Michael Sitrick, a Monster spokesman, said the beverage company intends to "vigorously defend" itself against the lawsuit. "Mr. Herrera appears to be motivated by publicity rather than fact or science," Mr. Sitrick said.
More on Monster
- Monster Beverage Shares Rise on Takeover Talk 2/15/13
- Monster Beverage Takes a Spill 1/18/13
- Monster Beverage Receives Boost From FDA's Letter 11/27/12
- Monster's Growth Slows; Shares Tumble 11/7/12
- Investors Get Jittery Over Monster 10/25/12
- Monster Falls on FDA Probe 10/22/12
- Energy Drinks Draw Scrutiny 8/28/12
Monster said it doesn't market to children and that its energy drinks are safe, with a typical can of its 16-ounce energy drink containing 160 milligrams of caffeine, or 10 mg per ounce, which is roughly half the caffeine per ounce of Starbucks coffee.
Monster says its products fall under federal laws and the regulatory authority of the Food and Drug Administration.
The FDA doesn't set caffeine limits for energy drinks. The agency currently sets caffeine limits only on "cola-like'' beverages, a regulation that has been in place since the 1950s and caps caffeine at 6 milligrams per ounce.
That could change. Michael Taylor, the FDA's deputy commissioner for foods, said last week the "proliferation'' of caffeinated foods and beverages ranging from energy drinks to gum and oatmeal "is very disturbing'' and that the agency might consider limiting how much caffeine can be added to other products.
The FDA said last November it was investigating whether energy drinks posed "significant risks'' when consumed in excess or by vulnerable groups, including young people or those with pre-existing cardiac or other conditions.
A group of 18 scientists and public health professionals wrote a letter to the FDA in March, saying it was "particularly concerned'' about the health effects of energy drinks on children and adolescents because of their lower body mass and lower tolerance to caffeine. The American Academy of Pediatrics says energy drinks "have no place in the diet of children and adolescents.''
In Monday's lawsuit, Mr. Herrera alleged Monster "aggressively'' markets its products to youth by sponsoring youth sports tournaments and "prominently'' featuring profiles of youth ranging in age from 6 to 17 on its Monster Army social-networking website.
"Monster also targets children and teenagers by promoting a 'lifestyle' that features extreme sports, music, gaming, military themes and scantily-clad 'Monster Girls,''' the lawsuit alleges.
Mr. Herrera's staff says it found examples of more than a dozen people younger than 13 years old with their profiles posted on the Monster Army website as recently as last week. Monster says its "Army" members must be over age 13 to post on the website without parental consent and that "less than a small fraction of 1%" of website participants are younger than 13.
Monster says the labels on its energy drinks already caution the beverage is "not recommended for children, pregnant women or people sensitive to caffeine."
Energy drinks sales in the U.S. rose 12% to reach roughly $10 billion in retail terms in 2012, according to Beverage Digest. Monster had 36.8% of the U.S. retail market for energy drinks last year by volume, ahead of Austria's Red Bull GmbH, with 29.9%, and Las Vegas-based Rockstar Inc., with 17.5%, according to the trade publication and data service.
Monster's net sales rose 21% to $2.06 billion last year. But growth has slowed in recent months, with some analysts attributing it at least partly to heightened scrutiny of energy drinks. Monster's share price also has been weighed down over the past year by regulatory concerns.
Mr. Herrera isn't the first public official to take aim at energy drinks and how they are marketed. New York state Attorney General Eric T. Schneiderman last year subpoenaed Monster; PepsiCo Inc., maker of AMP energy drinks; and Living Essentials LLC, maker of 5-hour Energy shots. That investigation is continuing, according to a person familiar with the matter.
U.S. Senators Richard Durbin (D., Ill.) and Richard Blumenthal (D., Conn.) and U.S. Rep. Ed Markey (D., Mass.) recently asked the FDA and Federal Trade Commission to crack down on energy drinks, citing health concerns, particularly among youth.
An FTC spokeswoman declined to say Monday if the agency was looking into how such drinks are marketed.
Suffolk County's legislature on New York's Long Island voted in March to prohibit the marketing of energy drinks to minors and banned the sale of such "stimulant'' drinks to minors in county parks.
In Chicago, Alderman Edward Burke introduced legislation earlier this year that would ban the sale of energy drinks that contain more than 180 milligrams of caffeine per container and include taurine or guarana. The city's health committee held a hearing on the proposal in March, but no date has been set for a follow-up hearing.
The American Beverage Association, an umbrella group for drink makers, recommends energy drinks not be marketed to children younger than 12 years of age. It also says the drinks shouldn't be sold or marketed in schools through grade 12.
Monster Beverage shares were down 2.2%, to $56.18, in 4 p.m. trading Monday on the Nasdaq Stock Market . The stock flirted with $80 in 2012, before being dragged down by rising regulatory concerns after Mr. Schneiderman in July of that year launched the investigation into the marketing and health claims of the energy-drink category. The company has a current market capitalization of about $9.3 billion.
Write to Mike Esterl at email@example.com