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Most Cited Coastal Engineering Articles
The most cited articles published since 2011, extracted from Scopus.
SWASH: An operational public domain code for simulating wave fields and rapidly varied flows in coastal watersMarcel Zijlema | Guus Stelling | Pieter Smit
Volume 58, Issue 10, October 2011, Pages 992-1012
A computational procedure has been developed for simulating non-hydrostatic, free-surface, rotational flows in one and two horizontal dimensions. Its implementation in the publicly available SWASH (an acronym of Simulating WAves till SHore) is intended to be used for predicting transformation of surface waves and rapidly varied shallow water flows in coastal waters. This open source code (http://swash.sourceforge.net) has been developed based on the work of Stelling and Zijlema (2003), Stelling and Duinmeijer (2003) and Zijlema and Stelling (2005, 2008). The governing equations are the nonlinear shallow water equations including non-hydrostatic pressure and provide a general basis for describing complex changes to rapidly varied flows typically found in coastal flooding resulting from e.g. dike breaks and tsunamis, and wave transformation in both surf and swash zones due to nonlinear wave-wave interactions, interaction of waves with currents, and wave breaking as well as runup at the shoreline. The present paper provides a complete description of the numerical algorithms currently used in the code. The code is benchmarked using some analytical problems. Moreover, the numerical results are validated with various cases of laboratory data with the principal aim to convey the capabilities of the SWASH code. In particular, emphasis is put on an analysis of model performance and associated physical implications. Serial and parallel performance scalings are also presented. © 2011 Elsevier B.V.
Modeling hurricane waves and storm surge using integrally-coupled, scalable computationsJ. C. Dietrich | M. Zijlema | J. J. Westerink | L. H. Holthuijsen | C. Dawson | R. A. Luettich | R. E. Jensen | J. M. Smith | G. S. Stelling | G. W. Stone
Volume 58, Issue 1, January 2011, Pages 45-65
The unstructured-mesh SWAN spectral wave model and the ADCIRC shallow-water circulation model have been integrated into a tightly-coupled SWAN. +. ADCIRC model. The model components are applied to an identical, unstructured mesh; share parallel computing infrastructure; and run sequentially in time. Wind speeds, water levels, currents and radiation stress gradients are vertex-based, and therefore can be passed through memory or cache to each model component. Parallel simulations based on domain decomposition utilize identical sub-meshes, and the communication is highly localized. Inter-model communication is intra-core, while intra-model communication is inter-core but is local and efficient because it is solely on adjacent sub-mesh edges. The resulting integrated SWAN. +. ADCIRC system is highly scalable and allows for localized increases in resolution without the complexity or cost of nested meshes or global interpolation between heterogeneous meshes. Hurricane waves and storm surge are validated for Hurricanes Katrina and Rita, demonstrating the importance of inclusion of the wave-circulation interactions, and efficient performance is demonstrated to 3062 computational cores. © 2010 Elsevier B.V.
Realistic wave generation and active wave absorption for Navier-Stokes models. Application to OpenFOAM®.Pablo Higuera | Javier L. Lara | Inigo J. Losada
Volume 71, Issue , January 2013, Pages 102-118
The present paper and its companion (Higuera et al., 2012) introduce OpenFOAM® as a tool to consider for coastal engineering applications as it solves 3D domains and considers two-phase flow. In this first paper, OpenFOAM® utilities are presented and the free surface flow solvers are analysed. The lack of specific boundary conditions for realistic wave generation is overcome with their implementation combined with active wave absorption. Wave generation includes all the widely used theories plus specific piston-type wavemaker replication. Also standalone active wave absorption implementation is explained for several formulations, all of which are applicable to 3D cases. Active wave absorption is found to enhance stability by decreasing the energy of the system and to correct the increasing water level on long simulations. Furthermore, it is advantageous with respect to dissipation zones such as sponge layers, as it does not increase the computational domain. The results vary depending on the theory (2D, Quasi-3D and 3D) but overall performance of the implemented methods is very good. The simulations and results of the present paper are purely theoretical. Comparisons with laboratory data are presented in the second paper (Higuera et al., 2012). © 2012 Elsevier B.V.
A Global Ocean Wave (GOW) calibrated reanalysis from 1948 onwardsB. G. Reguero | M. Menéndez | F. J. Méndez | R. Mínguez | I. J. Losada
Volume 65, Issue , July 2012, Pages 38-55
Wind wave reanalyses have become a valuable source of information for wave climate research and ocean and coastal applications over the last decade. Nowadays, wave reanalyses databases generated with third generation models provide useful wave climate information to complement, both in time and space, the instrumental measurements (buoys and alimetry observations). In this work, a new global wave reanalysis (GOW) from 1948 onwards is presented. GOW dataset is intended to be periodically updated and it is based on a calibration of a model hindcast with satellite altimetry data, after verification against historical data. The outliers due to tropical cyclones (not simulated due to insufficient resolution in the wind forcing) are identified and not taken into account in the process to correct the simulated wave heights with the altimeter data. The results are validated with satellite measurements in time and space. This new calibrated database represents appropriately the wave climate characteristics since 1948 and aims to be the longest and up-to-date wave dataset for global wave climate variability analysis as well as for many coastal engineering applications. © 2012 Elsevier B.V.
Simulating coastal engineering processes with OpenFOAM®Pablo Higuera | Javier L. Lara | Inigo J. Losada
Volume 71, Issue , January 2013, Pages 119-134
In the present work, the OpenFOAM® newly developed wave generation and active absorption boundary condition presented in the companion paper (Higuera et al., submitted for publication) is validated. In order to do so the simulation of some of the most interesting physical processes in coastal engineering is carried out and comparisons with relevant experimental benchmark cases presented. Water waves are found to be generated realistically and agreement between laboratory and numerical data is very high regarding wave breaking, run up and undertow currents. © 2012 Elsevier B.V.
A multi-frequency Acoustic Concentration and Velocity Profiler (ACVP) for boundary layer measurements of fine-scale flow and sediment transport processesDavid Hurther | Peter D. Thorne | Mickaël Bricault | Ulrich Lemmin | Jean Marc Barnoud
Volume 58, Issue 7, July 2011, Pages 594-605
The use of acoustics to measure sediment transport boundary layer processes has gained increasing acceptance over the past two decades. This has occurred through the development of increasingly sophisticated measuring systems and theoretical developments, which have enabled flow and suspended sediment parameters to be obtained from acoustic data with a high degree of accuracy. Until relatively recently, separate acoustic systems were used to measure flow and suspended sediment concentration. Over the past few years, however, the technology has become sufficiently advanced so that flow and sediment measurements can be integrated into a single system. This integration provides, quasi-instantaneous, non-intrusive, co-located, high temporal-spatial resolution measurements of benthic flow and sediment processes. Here the development of such an instrument, the Acoustic Concentration and Velocity Profiler (ACVP) is described. The theory underpinning its application is outlined, new approaches to velocity de-aliasing and suspended sediment inversion instabilities using multi-frequency capabilities are presented and the application of the system to sediment transport processes over a sandy ripple bed is illustrated. The observations clearly show the value of such instrumentation for studying the dynamical interaction between the bed, the flow and the sediments at and within the bottom boundary layer. © 2011 Elsevier B.V.
Wave dissipation by vegetation with layer schematization in SWANTomohiro Suzuki | Marcel Zijlema | Bastiaan Burger | Martijn C. Meijer | Siddharth Narayan
Volume 59, Issue 1, January 2012, Pages 64-71
The energy of waves propagating through vegetation is dissipated due to the work done by the waves on the vegetation. Dalrymple et al. (1984) estimated wave dissipation by integrating the force on a cylinder over its vertical extent. This was extended by Mendez and Losada (2004) to include varying depths and the effects of wave damping due to vegetation and wave breaking for narrow-banded random waves. This paper describes the wave dissipation over a vegetation field by the implementation of the Mendez and Losada formulation in a full spectrum model SWAN, with an extension to include a vertical layer schematization for the vegetation. The present model is validated with the original equation and results from Mendez and Losada (2004). The sensitivity of the model to the shape of the frequency spectrum, directional spreading and layer schematization are investigated. The model is then applied to field measurements by using a vegetation factor. This model has the ability to calculate two-dimensional wave dissipation over a vegetation field including some important aspects such as breaking and diffraction as used in SWAN model. © 2011 Elsevier B.V.
Analysis of clustering and selection algorithms for the study of multivariate wave climatePaula Camus | Fernando J. Mendez | Raul Medina | Antonio S. Cofiño
Volume 58, Issue 6, June 2011, Pages 453-462
Recent wave reanalysis databases require the application of techniques capable of managing huge amounts of information. In this paper, several clustering and selection algorithms: K-Means (KMA), self-organizing maps (SOM) and Maximum Dissimilarity (MDA) have been applied to analyze trivariate hourly time series of met-ocean parameters (significant wave height, mean period, and mean wave direction). A methodology has been developed to apply the aforementioned techniques to wave climate analysis, which implies data pre-processing and slight modifications in the algorithms. Results show that: a) the SOM classifies the wave climate in the relevant "wave types" projected in a bidimensional lattice, providing an easy visualization and probabilistic multidimensional analysis; b) the KMA technique correctly represents the average wave climate and can be used in several coastal applications such as longshore drift or harbor agitation; c) the MDA algorithm allows selecting a representative subset of the wave climate diversity quite suitable to be implemented in a nearshore propagation methodology. © 2011 Elsevier B.V.
Boussinesq-type model for energetic breaking waves in fringing reef environmentsVolker Roeber | Kwok Fai Cheung
Volume 70, Issue , December 2012, Pages 1-20
The steep offshore slope and abrupt transition to a shallow lagoon are conducive to formation of energetic breaking waves in fringing reef environments. This paper describes an extension of a one-dimensional, shock-capturing Boussinesq-type model to account for these processes in two dimensions and the numerical formulation to facilitate adaptive time integration and code parallelization. The governing equations contain the conservative form of the nonlinear shallow-water equations to capture shock-related hydraulic processes. The finite volume method with a Godunov-type scheme provides a compatible, conservative numerical procedure. A two-dimensional TVD (Total Variation Diminishing) reconstruction procedure evaluates the flow variables on either side of the cell interface, while a Riemann solver supplies the flux and bathymetry source terms at the interface. A well-balanced scheme eliminates depth-interpolation errors in the domain and preserves continuity across moving boundaries over irregular topography. Time integration of the governing equations evaluates the conserved variables, which in turn provide the horizontal velocity components through systems of linear equations corresponding to series of one-dimensional problems. The application of the model to fringing reef environments is validated with laboratory experiments performed at Oregon State University as well as field data collected in Hawaii. The model describes the flux-dominated wave breaking processes through the Riemann solver without predefined empirical energy dissipation and reproduces transitions between sub and supercritical flows as well as development of dispersive and infra-gravity waves in the processes. © 2012 Elsevier B.V.
Assessment and integration of conventional, RTK-GPS and image-derived beach survey methods for daily to decadal coastal monitoringMitchell D. Harley | Ian L. Turner | Andrew D. Short | Roshanka Ranasinghe
Volume 58, Issue 2, February 2011, Pages 194-205
Coastal monitoring across a broad range of time-scales was recognized in the latest report by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change as key to better understanding the likely impacts of climate change at the coast. A unique and historic coastal monitoring program undertaken at the Collaroy-Narrabeen embayment in south-eastern Australia comprises: 1) 30. years of monthly conventional (Emery method) surveys of five cross-shore profile lines; 2) three years of monthly three-dimensional surveys of the entire embayment using RTK-GPS mounted to an all-terrain vehicle (ATV); and 3) four years of hourly shoreline measurements using coastal imaging technology (ARGUS). This study evaluates the strengths and limitations of conventional, RTK-GPS and image-derived surveys for coastal monitoring at daily to decadal coastal time-scales. High-accuracy RTK-GPS was used to first assess the accuracy of the conventional and image-derived survey methods. The magnitude of daily to decadal coastal variability was then characterized by calculating the temporal semivariogram of the integrated survey dataset. With both measurement errors and the degree of beach variability quantified, the corresponding signal-to-noise ratios (SNR) of each survey method at different time-scales were determined. The value of the simple and cost-effective Emery method was verified by this analysis, with measurement error significantly smaller than the degree of overall beach variability (SNR = 8.4). The accuracy, speed and efficiency of ATV-mounted RTK-GPS meanwhile make it suitable for three-dimensional beach surveys. Image-derived surveys were found to be an effective means of remotely measuring the considerable degree of beach variability identified at time-scales of less than one month. These measurements however become indistinguishable from survey noise (i.e. SNR. ?. 1) when considering typical weekly (or smaller) variations at large distances from the cameras. © 2010.
Between a rock and a hard place: Environmental and engineering considerations when designing coastal defence structuresL. B. Firth | R. C. Thompson | K. Bohn | M. Abbiati | L. Airoldi | T. J. Bouma | F. Bozzeda | V. U. Ceccherelli | M. A. Colangelo | A. Evans | F. Ferrario | M. E. Hanley | H. Hinz | S. P G Hoggart | J. E. Jackson | P. Moore | E. H. Morgan | S. Perkol-Finkel | M. W. Skov | E. M. Strain | J. van Belzen | S. J. Hawkins
Volume 87, Issue , January 2014, Pages 122-135
Coastal defence structures are proliferating as a result of rising sea levels and stormier seas. With the realisation that most coastal infrastructure cannot be lost or removed, research is required into ways that coastal defence structures can be built to meet engineering requirements, whilst also providing relevant ecosystem services-so-called ecological engineering. This approach requires an understanding of the types of assemblages and their functional roles that are desirable and feasible in these novel ecosystems. We review the major impacts coastal defence structures have on surrounding environments and recent experiments informing building coastal defences in a more ecologically sustainable manner. We summarise research carried out during the THESEUS project (2009-2014) which optimised the design of coastal defence structures with the aim to conserve or restore native species diversity. Native biodiversity could be manipulated on defence structures through various interventions: we created artificial rock pools, pits and crevices on breakwaters; we deployed a precast habitat enhancement unit in a coastal defence scheme; we tested the use of a mixture of stone sizes in gabion baskets; and we gardened native habitat-forming species, such as threatened canopy-forming algae on coastal defence structures. Finally, we outline guidelines and recommendations to provide multiple ecosystem services while maintaining engineering efficacy. This work demonstrated that simple enhancement methods can be cost-effective measures to manage local biodiversity. Care is required, however, in the wholesale implementation of these recommendations without full consideration of the desired effects and overall management goals. © 2013 Elsevier B.V.
A hybrid efficient method to downscale wave climate to coastal areasPaula Camus | Fernando J. Mendez | Raul Medina
Volume 58, Issue 9, September 2011, Pages 851-862
Long-term time series of sea state parameters are required in different coastal engineering applications. In order to obtain wave data at shallow water and due to the scarcity of instrumental data, ocean wave reanalysis databases ought to be downscaled to increase the spatial resolution and simulate the wave transformation process. In this paper, a hybrid downscaling methodology to transfer wave climate to coastal areas has been developed combining a numerical wave model (dynamical downscaling) with mathematical tools (statistical downscaling). A maximum dissimilarity selection algorithm (MDA) is applied in order to obtain a representative subset of sea states in deep water areas. The reduced number of selected cases spans the marine climate variability, guaranteeing that all possible sea states are represented and capturing even the extreme events. These sea states are propagated using a state-of-the-art wave propagation model. The time series of the propagated sea state parameters at a particular location are reconstructed using a non-linear interpolation technique based on radial basis functions (RBFs), providing excellent results in a high dimensional space with scattered data as occurs in the cases selected with MDA. The numerical validation of the results confirms the ability of the developed methodology to reconstruct sea state time series in shallow water at a particular location and to estimate different spatial wave climate parameters with a considerable reduction in the computational effort. © 2011 Elsevier B.V.
Depth-induced wave breaking in a non-hydrostatic, near-shore wave modelPieter Smit | Marcel Zijlema | Guus Stelling
Volume 76, Issue , June 2013, Pages 1-16
The energy dissipation in the surf-zone due to wave breaking is inherently accounted for in shock-capturing non-hydrostatic wave models, but this requires high vertical resolutions. To allow coarse vertical resolutions a hydrostatic front approximation is suggested. It assumes a hydrostatic pressure distribution at the front of a breaking wave which ensures that the wave front develops a vertical face. Based on the analogy between a hydraulic jump and a turbulent bore, energy dissipation is accounted for by ensuring conservation of mass and momentum. Results are compared with observations of random, uni-directional waves in wave flumes, and to observations of short-crested waves in a wave basin. These demonstrate that the resulting model can resolve the relevant near-shore wave processes in a short-crested wave-field, including wave breaking and wave-driven horizontal circulations. © 2013 Elsevier B.V.
Three-dimensional interaction of waves and porous coastal structures. Part I: Numerical model formulationManuel del Jesus | Javier L. Lara | Inigo J. Losada
Volume 64, Issue , June 2012, Pages 57-72
This paper and its companion paper (Lara et al. (2012)) describe the capability of a new model, called IH-3VOF, to simulate wave-structure interaction problems using a three-dimensional approach, when porous structures are present. The lack of a universal approach for the formulation of porous media flow equations has motivated a new derivation in the present work. Applications dealing with heterogeneous media, where porosity varies along the porous body, such as the study of multilayered rubble-mound breakwaters, are the final objective of the study. In this first paper, a new derivation of the equations, eliminating the limitations imposed by previous approaches is presented. The model integrates a new set of equations which covers physical processes associated with flow interaction with porous structures. The model considers the multiphase VARANS equations, a volume-averaged version of the traditional RANS (Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes) equations. Turbulence is modeled using a k-ε approach, not only at the clear fluid region but also inside the porous media. A VOF technique is used to track the free surface. In this first paper, the model has been validated using laboratory data of a two-dimensional flow. In the companion paper the model is further validated with new experimental data sets, considering porous and solid structures as well as the presence of air. The model predictions present an excellent agreement with the laboratory measurements. © 2012 Elsevier B.V.
A new approach to handle wave breaking in fully non-linear Boussinesq modelsM. Tissier | P. Bonneton | F. Marche | F. Chazel | D. Lannes
Volume 67, Issue , September 2012, Pages 54-66
In this paper, a new method to handle wave breaking in fully non-linear Boussinesq-type models is presented. The strategy developed to treat wave breaking is based on a reformulation of the set of governing equations (namely Serre Green-Naghdi equations) that allows us to split them into a hyperbolic part in the conservative form and a dispersive part. When a wave is ready to break, we switch locally from Serre Green-Naghdi equations to Non-linear Shallow Water equations by suppressing the dispersive terms in the vicinity of the wave front. Thus, the breaking wave front is handled as a shock by the Non-linear Shallow Water equations, and its energy dissipation is implicitly evaluated from the mathematical shock-wave theory. A simple methodology to characterize the wave fronts at each time step is first described, as well as appropriate criteria for the initiation and termination of breaking. Extensive validations using laboratory data are then presented, demonstrating the efficiency of our simple treatment for wave breaking. © 2012 Elsevier B.V.
A simple equilibrium model for predicting shoreline changeM. A. Davidson | K. D. Splinter | I. L. Turner
Volume 73, Issue , March 2013, Pages 191-202
This contribution describes the development, calibration and verification of a 1-D behaviour-orientated shoreline prediction model. The model primarily encapsulates shoreline displacement forced by wave-driven cross-shore sediment transport. Hysteresis effects are shown to be important and are included in the model, whereby present shoreline change is influenced by past hydro-/morpho-dynamic conditions. The potential magnitude of shoreline change increases with incident wave power and the degree of disequilibrium. The latter disequilibrium term (Ωeq-Ω) is expressed in terms of the time-evolving equilibrium (Ωeq) and instantaneous (Ω) dimensionless fall velocities and dictates the direction of shoreline movement. Following Wright et al. (1985) the equilibrium fall velocity is defined as a function of the weighted antecedent conditions and is a proxy for the evolving beach state. The decay rate of the weighting function used to compute Ωeq is a model free parameter determined by calibration against measured data, which physically reflects the degree of observed 'memory' of the system. The decay in amplitude of this weighting function with time is controlled by a 'memory decay' term (φ), where the weighting reaches 10%, 1% and 0.1% at φ, 2φ and 3φ days prior to the current calculation time. The model is applied to two multi-year (6+ years) data sets incorporating hourly wave and weekly shoreline measurements, from two contrasting energetic sites in SE Australia. The first is the relatively dissipative, straight Gold Coast (QLD) and the second is a more intermediate embayed beach at Narrabeen (NSW). The model shows significant skill at hindcasting shoreline change at both sites, predicting approximately 60% of the total shoreline variability. The Gold Coast shoreline is dominated by a strong seasonal signal. Conversely, at the Narrabeen embayment, shoreline variability (and morphology) is more dynamic, responding at storm frequency. Evidence suggests that there is a strong coherence between the shoreline position and morphodynamic state and that both have response times characterised by φ. It is hypothesised that optimised φ values in the shoreline model physically relate to the efficiency of sediment exchanges between the shoreface and offshore bars and the prevalence of one- or two-dimensional horizontal circulation. The general success of this new shoreline model for hindcasting the observed shoreline behaviour at two distinctly different open-coast sites suggests that this approach may be suitable for broader application. © 2012.
Remote sensing of surf zone waves using stereo imagingS. de Vries | D. F. Hill | M. A. de Schipper | M. J F Stive
Volume 58, Issue 3, March 2011, Pages 239-250
The measurement of water wave characteristics, such as wavelength and wave height, in the surf zone is important for monitoring, prediction of erosion, and numerical model calibration. Traditional methods of measuring wave heights have either been limited to a small number of points or have required contact with the water. An experimental study of the remote sensing of water wave elevations, through the application of stereo photogrammetry, is presented. This method uses two spatially offset cameras, with overlapping fields of view, to determine water surface elevation. This remote sensing approach provides data with excellent spatial coverage and spatial and temporal resolution. Additionally, the hardware needs are minimal and the system is quickly deployed, calibrated, and operational. In the present study, a phased approach was taken, with medium scale (domain ~50m2) laboratory experiments being followed by a large scale (domain ~103-104m2) field test of the method. In the laboratory, reconstructed surface elevations were validated using a pressure sensor and demonstrated excellent agreement. In the field, measured wave heights and periods were found to agree well with available buoy data. © 2010 Elsevier B.V.
Offshore stereo measurements of gravity wavesA. Benetazzo | F. Fedele | G. Gallego | P. C. Shih | A. Yezzi
Volume 64, Issue , June 2012, Pages 127-138
Stereo video techniques are effective for estimating the space-time wave dynamics over an area of the ocean. Indeed, a stereo camera view allows retrieval of both spatial and temporal data whose statistical content is richer than that of time series data retrieved from point wave probes. To prove this, we consider an application of the Wave Acquisition Stereo System (WASS) for the analysis of offshore video measurements of gravity waves in the Northern Adriatic Sea. In particular, we deployed WASS at the oceanographic platform Acqua Alta, off the Venice coast, Italy. Three experimental studies were performed, and the overlapping field of view of the acquired stereo images covered an area of approximately 1100m 2. Analysis of the WASS measurements show that the sea surface can be accurately estimated in space and time together, yielding associated directional spectra and wave statistics that agree well with theoretical models. From the observed wavenumber-frequency spectrum one can also predict the vertical profile of the current flow underneath the wave surface. Finally, future improvements of WASS and applications are discussed. © 2012 Elsevier B.V.
A multi-distribution approach to POT methods for determining extreme wave heightsFranck Mazas | Luc Hamm
Volume 58, Issue 5, May 2011, Pages 385-394
Determination of extreme wave heights using a Peaks-Over-Threshold (POT) approach is revisited. Firstly, the GPD-Poisson model is recalled. A double threshold is presented and justified, with objective tools for determining the high threshold. This model is then extended to other statistical distributions, namely the Weibull and Gamma distributions. Objective criteria (BIC and AIC) based upon likelihood are used to select the best-fitting distribution. This method is tested on two locations: the historical IAHR Haltenbanken dataset and a location at the entry of the Strait of Gibraltar. Finally, sensitivity analyses are carried out with respect to the high threshold and to the duration of the dataset to estimate the robustness of the approach presented. © 2010 Elsevier B.V.
Morphodynamic upscaling with the MORFAC approach: Dependencies and sensitivitiesRoshanka Ranasinghe | Cilia Swinkels | Arjen Luijendijk | Dano Roelvink | Judith Bosboom | Marcel Stive | Dirk Jan Walstra
Volume 58, Issue 8, August 2011, Pages 806-811
The recently developed Morphological Acceleration Factor (MORFAC) approach for morphodynamic upscaling enables numerical model simulations of coastal evolution at decadal to millennial time scales. Primarily due to the massive increase in modeling time scales it affords, the MORFAC approach is now standard in state-of-the-art commercially available coastal morphodynamic modeling suites. However, the general validity of the MORFAC concept for coastal applications has not yet been comprehensively investigated. Furthermore, a robust and objective method (as opposed to the subjective and inelegant trial and error method) for the a priori determination of the highest MORFAC that is suitable for a given simulation (i.e. critical MORFAC) does not currently exist. This communication presents some initial results of an ongoing, long-term study that attempts to rigorously and methodically investigate the limitations and strengths of the MORFAC approach. Based on the results of a strategically designed numerical modeling exercise using the morphodynamic model Delft3D, two main outcomes are presented. First, the main dependencies and sensitivities of the MORFAC approach to fundamental forcing conditions and model parameters are elucidated. Second, a criterion based on the Courant-Friedrichs-Levy (CFL) condition for bed form propagation that maybe used as a guide to determine the critical MORFAC a priori is proposed. © 2011 Elsevier B.V.
Bottom friction and wind drag for wave modelsM. Zijlema | G. Ph Van Vledder | L. H. Holthuijsen
Volume 65, Issue , July 2012, Pages 19-26
Waves propagating in shallow water dissipate energy in a thin, turbulent boundary layer near the bottom. This friction can be estimated with a simple quadratic friction law scaled with an empirical coefficient. Two values of this coefficient have been recommended by previous studies (for sandy bottoms): a high value for waves in a storm and a low value for swell. We show here that, in contrast to current practise, the lower value should be used for both applications. The reason is that the high value, dating from the early 1980s, was inferred from observations in a severe storm using a relatively high wind drag. Our review of a large number of more recent observations, gives a new wind drag parameterization with lower values. With this new parameterization we infer from the same storm the lower value of the bottom friction coefficient. Using this lower value also improves the estimates of wave growth in shallow water and of low-frequency wave decay in a tidal inlet, independent of the wind drag. © 2012 Elsevier B.V.
HF radar data quality requirements for wave measurementLucy R. Wyatt | J. Jim Green | A. Middleditch
Volume 58, Issue 4, April 2011, Pages 327-336
HF radar wave measurements are presented focussing on theoretical limitations, and thus radar operating parameters, and quality control requirements to ensure robust measurements across a range of sea states. Data from three radar deployments, off the west coast of Norway, Celtic Sea and Liverpool Bay using two different radar systems, WERA and Pisces, and different radio frequency ranges, are used to demonstrate the wave measurement capability of HF radar and to illustrate the points made. Aspects of the measurements that require further improvements are identified. These include modifications to the underlying theory particularly in high sea states, identification and removal of ships and interference from the radar signals before wave processing and/or intelligent partitioning to remove these from the wave spectrum. The need to match the radio frequency to the expected wave peak frequency and waveheight range, with lower radio frequencies performing better at higher waveheights and lower peak frequencies and vice versa, is demonstrated. For operations across a wide range of oceanographic conditions a radar able to operate at more than one frequency is recommended for robust wave measurement. Careful quality control is needed to ensure accurate wave measurements. © 2010 Elsevier B.V.
Modelling gravel barrier profile response to combined waves and tides using XBeach: Laboratory and field resultsJon J. Williams | Amaia Ruiz de Alegría-Arzaburu | Robert T. McCall | Ap Van Dongeren
Volume 63, Issue , May 2012, Pages 62-80
XBeach, a process-based numerical model capable of computing nearshore circulation and morphodynamics, including overwash and breaching, has been used in 1D mode to simulate erosion occurring on a gravel barrier beach (D 50=11mm) subjected to wave and tidal forcing during selected tests undertaken during the BARDEX experiments. The model demonstrated good quantitative skill (Brier skill score, BSS, typically 0.65) with respect to beach face erosion, offshore accretion and morphological impacts of washover. XBeach was also used to model storm impacts on a steep (average tanβ=0.12), 4.5km-long and 100m-140m wide macrotidal gravel barrier (D 50=2mm to 10mm) located in SW England. Although the development of a storm berm was not reproduced well, erosion was predicted with sufficient skill (BSS=0.60) to meet practical engineering requirements concerned with predicting storm impacts and threshold wave and water level conditions for gravel barrier overwashing. © 2011 Elsevier B.V.
On the parameterization of the free-stream non-linear wave orbital motion in nearshore morphodynamic modelsB. G. Ruessink | G. Ramaekers | L. C. Van Rijn
Volume 65, Issue , July 2012, Pages 56-63
Nearshore morphodynamic models are computationally demanding, especially when the time scale of interest is weeks or longer. Hence, they often rely on a simple parameterization or non-linear wave theory to estimate the skewed-asymmetric shape of the near-bed, free-stream wave orbital motion, relevant to the prediction of onshore sand transport during mild wave conditions. Recently, Abreu et al. (2010) presented a simple analytical expression for this shape. Here, we present parameterizations to estimate the non-linearity parameter r and phase φ in this expression, such that the non-linear orbital motion can be estimated efficiently from values of the significant wave height H s, wave period T, and water depth h, standard output of nearshore morphodynamic models. The parameterizations are based on a data set of 30.000+ field observations of the orbital skewness S u and asymmetry A u, collected under non-breaking and breaking wave conditions. Consistent with earlier observations, we find that the Ursell number, which includes H s, T and h, describes the variability in S u and A u well and we use it to link H s, T and h to r and φ. The comparison of our findings to another large field data set suggests that wave non-linearity depends weakly on wave directional spread and that our parameterizations may underestimate S u for narrow-banded swell and (unidirectional) laboratory conditions. Furthermore, the use of the parameterizations is not advised on bed slopes steeper than in our data set (i.e., >1:30). © 2012 Elsevier B.V.
Swash zone sediment fluxes: Field observationsC. E. Blenkinsopp | I. L. Turner | G. Masselink | P. E. Russell
Volume 58, Issue 1, January 2011, Pages 28-44
This paper describes newly obtained, high-frequency observations of beach face morphological change over numerous tidal cycles on a macrotidal sandy beach made using a large array of ultrasonic altimeters. These measurements enable the net cross-shore sediment fluxes associated with many thousands of individual swash events to be quantified. It is revealed that regardless of the direction of net morphological change on a tidal time scale, measured net fluxes per event are essentially normally distributed, with nearly equal numbers of onshore and offshore-directed events. The majority of swash events cause net cross-shore sediment fluxes smaller than ±50kgm-1 and the mean sediment flux per swash event is only O(±1kgm-1) leading to limited overall morphological change. However, much larger events which deposit or remove hundreds of kilograms of sand per meter width of beach occur at irregular intervals throughout the course of a tide. It was found that swash-swash interactions tend to increase the transport potential of a swash event and the majority of the swash events that cause these larger values of sediment flux include one or more interactions. The majority of the larger sediment fluxes were therefore measured in the lower swash zone, close to the surf/swash boundary where swash-swash interactions are most common. Despite the existence of individual swash events that can cause fluxes of sediment that are comparable to those observed on a tidal time scale, frequent reversals in transport direction act to limit net transport such that the beach face volume remains in a state of dynamic equilibrium and does not rapidly erode or accrete. © 2010 Elsevier B.V.


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July 6, 2016
NBA Offseason: 2016 Free Agency Tracker
Keep up on all of the action with NBA free agency in full swing.
April 13, 2016
DraftKings NBA: Wednesday Cheat sheet
A victory Wednesday would push the Rockets into the playoffs, so RotoWire's Juan Carlos Blanco is expecting a big performance from Dwight Howard.
March 23, 2016
DraftKings NBA: Wednesday Cheat Sheet
Ricky Rubio is playing very well of late and now gets to face a Kings defense that is one of the worst in the league.
March 20, 2016
DraftKings NBA: Sunday Cheat Sheet
Kyle Lowry has been playing very well of late and now faces off against a Magic defense that is allowing the third-most fantasy points per game to point guards this season.
March 15, 2016
DraftKings NBA: Tuesday Cheat Sheet
The 76ers-Nets game should be full of DFS goodness
March 13, 2016
NBA Weekly Player Rankings: Week 21
The Raptors are the only team that plays five games this week, which helps push Kyle Lowry up Eric Johnson's weekly positional rankings.
March 4, 2016
DraftKings NBA: Friday Cheat Sheet
With three backcourt teammates potentially missing out Friday, D'Angelo Russell could be looking at huge minutes and plenty of opportunities for fantasy points.
February 19, 2016
Andre Drummond isn't the cheapest option, but he's got an excellent matchup Friday against the Wizards.
February 10, 2016
With a deep 12-game slate, RotoWire's Juan Carlos Blanco sifts through all the players to find the right values for Wednesday, including Kent Bazemore, who continues to produce despite a fairly low price.
February 4, 2016
FanDuel NBA: Thursday Value Plays
Andre' Snellings is sticking with Jrue Holiday, who has stepped up with Tyreke Evans and Eric Gordon out.
DraftKings NBA: Thursday Cheat Sheet
With a lot of playable cheaper options during Thursday's slate, Alex Rikleen is going to be all over Andre Drummond against the Knicks.
February 2, 2016
Tuesday's matchup with the Lakers should lead to big outings for the Timberwolves' key players, including superstar rookie Karl-Anthony Towns
January 20, 2016
FantasyDraft Basketball: Weekly Value Plays
The return of Rudy Gobert has allowed Gordon Hayward to focus more on the offensive end, and his fantasy-point totals are increasing.
January 11, 2016
NBA Injury Analysis: Beal's Return
Bradley Beal is close to returning from the stress reaction in his leg, but RotoWire's Jeff Stotts warns that Beal will likely be on a strict minutes restriction, and a reoccurrence would be a serious problem.
January 9, 2016
DraftKings NBA: Saturday Cheat Sheet
Reggie Jackson's production has dipped a little since Brandon Jennings' return, but he could be in for an increased output Saturday against a poor Nets defense.
FanDuel NBA: Saturday Value Plays
Victor Oladipo has shined over the last week after being installed as the Magic's starting point guard, and he looks set to continue his fine play Saturday against Washington.
December 26, 2015
Facing off against a Rockets team on the second half of a back-to-back, and on the road, Tyreke Evans looks set to capitalize in the game with the highest point total on the slate.
December 22, 2015
Hoops Lab: 1996 Bulls vs. 2015 Warriors
Andre' Snellings addresses Charles Barkley's recent comments about the '96 Bulls being much better than the '15 Warriors and explains why it's far from a foregone conclusion that MJ would be victorious.
Will Barton has stepped up his role in the offense, and he could break out for another big fantasy score Tuesday against an awful Lakers defense.
December 3, 2015
Despite being moved to a reserve role, Victor Oladipo has been more efficient off the bench, and he remains a solid play on DraftKings.
November 13, 2015
DraftKings NBA: Weekend Value Plays
RotoWire's Jerry Donabedian picks out the top players to target this weekend on DraftKings, including Nuggets rookie Emmanuel Mudiay, who has two fast-paced matchups in the next two games.
October 6, 2015
NBA Draft Kit: Contract Year Players
Draymond Green had the best season of his career in the final year of his contract, and Josh Lloyd breaks down a number of players who are playing for big pay days this time around.
April 20, 2015
FantasyAces NBA: Playoff Value Plays
With Tyreke Evans (knee) ailing, Norris Cole and Quincy Pondexter could hold extra value in Round 1 on FantasyAces.
April 17, 2015
FantasyAces NBA: Weekend Value Picks
With his minutes restriction gone, RotoWire's Josh Collacchi explains why Derrick Rose could be a huge value play on FantasyAces this weekend.
April 16, 2015
Fantasy Basketball Rankings: NBA Playoffs Cheat Sheet 2015
Andre' Snellings crunches the numbers to determine the best fantasy players this postseason.
March 16, 2015
Hoops Lab: Who's Up Next?
The Professor is back with a key stat that could help predict the next fantasy breakout stars, including the Hornets' Michael Kidd-Gilchrist.
March 15, 2015
Category Strategy: Categorical Pick-Ups for Week 21
Need help in a specific category? James Anderson has you covered with recommendations off the waiver wire, including the emerging Dante Exum.
March 8, 2015
Category Strategy: Categorical Pick-Ups for Week 20
Need help in a specific category? James Anderson has you covered with recommendations off the waiver wire, including the ageless Andrea Bargnani.
February 24, 2015
FanDuel NBA: Tuesday Value Plays
With four games on the slate, finding the right mix may be hard Tuesday, but Mike Barner has a few suggested plays.
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subset: commoncrawl


text:
Idaho Lottery Director Jeff Anderson told budget writers Friday the emergence of Wyoming on the lottery scene could reduce Idaho's sales by up to $3 million in fiscal year 2015.
Wyoming Gov. Matt Mead signed a bill last March clearing the way for its lottery.
It'll likely start in June.
Until now, the absence of a Wyoming lottery has benefited Idaho as ticket-seeking residents slip across the border in hopes of striking it rich.
Utah, to Idaho's south, also doesn't have its own lottery.
But Anderson expects some Utah residents will now bypass Idaho for Wyoming to buy Powerball or Mega Millions tickets.


text:
Twitter and become a fan on Facebook
B. Riley raised Zumiez (ZUMZ) stock rating to 'buy' after the retailer said sales in September rose 11.5% year-over-year.
Zumiez (ZUMZ) said September sales grew 11.5% year-over-year to $75 million.
For the fiscal 2016 second quarter, Zumiez (ZUMZ) posted a narrower loss and higher revenue than Wall Street projected.
U.S. stock futures rise ahead of the European Central Bank meeting; Irish parliament backs call to appeal EC's tax ruling on Apple; HPE spins off its software unit.


text:
According to sources at ESPN and FOX Sports, there have been a flood of trade rumors coming in as Major League Baseball closes in on its trade deadline. Lately, it's been surrounding Hunter Pence, Jason Giambi and Jeremy Guthrie.
As the season continues, potential playoff contenders become clearer, while those who will have to wait until next season may be more willing to let go of their talent.
Teams definitively in last place, like the Houston Astros and Baltimore Orioles, are amongst the organizations more willing to showcase their talent in order to relieve financial burdens and prepare for the following year.
Let's take a look at the latest in trade talks and rumors.


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CliffsNotes is the original (and most widely imitated) study guide. CliffsNotes study guides are written by real teachers and professors, so no matter what you're ...The Gleim CMA Review System will prepare you for the CMA exam using books, Test Prep Software, audio, and online courses.FINDING STUDY GUIDES FOR STATE CIVIL SERVICE EXAMS: A MANUAL FOR PUBLIC AND INSTITUTIONAL LIBRARIES 10th Edition Revised October 2004 …Information and training relating to financial and managerial accounting, and introductory financial analysis.CPA Review Joins Thomson Reuters. Bisk CPA Review has been acquired by Thomson Reuters, the world's leading source of intelligent information for businesses and ...Century 21 Accounting XtraCall Us Toll Free 1.800.748.5439 X 175 Click here to see all of our print and digital education programsOver 5,300 instructors at more than 1,700 institutions have used Aplia.It should be noted that some companies use separate accounts called "Dividends, Common Stock" and "Dividends, Preferred Stock" rather than retained earnings ...A leap year (or intercalary or bissextile year) is a year containing one additional day (or, in the case of lunisolar calendars, a month) in order to keep the ...
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text:
[K-Drama] To the Beautiful You
This is the Korean adaption of the J-drama 'Hanazakari no Kimitachi e'
I haven't been able to watch the first 2 episodes that have aired so far, but I am planning on watching this, 'cause I loved hana kimi :3
also the cast.. *fangirls*
*Sulli - Koo Jae-Hee
*Minho - Kang Tae-Joon
*Lee Hyun-Woo - Cha Eun-Gyeol
*Kim Ji-Won - Seol Han-Na
*Seo Jun-Young - Ha Seung-Ri
Anyone planning on/currently watching this?
I liked Hana Kimi but I don't think I'm going to watch this
same, Hanazakari no Kimitachi e was a good series.. i watched it from beginning to end.. im not too sure bout this.. but ill wait till more episodes come out before i consider sitting n watching..
I watched the first two episodes.
I'm a huge fan of Minho *_*
Sulli is obviously a girl in here.
My favourite character so far is Lee Hyun-Woo's. "Why do girls make me crazy, but I'm so soothed by a guy?"
When I heard that Sulli was playing that character, I thought it would be pretty obvious, so I'm just gonna pretend she's more manly.
I am home now, so I can start watching it finally /o/ ~flies to a subbed video~
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Daniel Schofield, a UK-based designer and Design Milk veteran, launched new products at London Design Festival 2015, that are characterized by a minimal color palette and simple materials like ash, marble cut-offs, and glass. Ranging from a desk inspired by architectural buildings to unique baton lighting, the pieces resonate with Schofield's clean and poetic style.
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Fresh design delivered right to your inbox


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Children's Games of the 18th Century on September 9th 2006
Contact: Ellen Strojan, 912-638-3639
Long before the days of Game Boys and X-Boxes, Colonial kids occupied themselves with outdoor games of skill. Modern-day children can join a park ranger on Saturday, September 9th at 2:00 pm to try their hand at the challenging Colonial games of hoop rolling, graces and cup and ball toss. This program will be held outdoors, so please dress for the weather. In case of rain or thunder storms, the program will be postponed.Fort Frederica National Monument is located on the north end of


text:
Tainan City Famous People From Tainan
A selection of articles related to tainan city famous people from tainan.
Original articles from our library related to the Tainan City Famous People From Tainan. See Table of Contents for further available material (downloadable resources) on Tainan City Famous People From Tainan.
- What is hypnotic trance? Does it provide unusual physical or mental capacities?
- 2.1 'Trance;' descriptive or misleading? Most of the classical notions of hypnosis have long held that hypnosis was special in some way from other types of interpersonal communication and that an induction (preparatory process considered by some to be...
Parapsychology >> Hypnosis
- Description of the Bach Remedies
- Bach Flower Remedies 1. AGRIMONY (Agrimonia eupatoria) - problems hidden behind light-heartedness - This is the "Keep-smiling!" - remedy: it is for people who hide their fears, grief and worries under a mask of cheerfulness, friendliness and humor....
Homeopathy >> Bach Flower Remedies
- Everyday Earth
- When you think of "Earth" what comes to mind? Perhaps you feel the stable element of solidity and grounding. Or maybe you see Earth as the third planet from the Sun. Or for you, is Earth the rich brown soil in your own backyard? Earth is all these...
The Elements >> Earth
- Select Cross-Cultural and Historical Personifications of Death
- This extensive introduction includes some of the more well known, along with some lesser known Death "incarnations", and I use that term loosely, as in many cultures, the Angel of Death can be quite an adept shapeshifter. We have tried to cull...
Mystic Sciences >> Necromantic Studies
- King James Bible: Numbers, Chapter 33
- Chapter 33 33:1 These are the journeys of the children of Israel, which went forth out of the land of Egypt with their armies under the hand of Moses and Aaron. 33:2 And Moses wrote their goings out according to their journeys by the commandment of the LORD:...
Old Testament >> Numbers
- Story of the Celts: The Ancient Celts
- The Ancient Celts [ 8 ] What is surprising to most modern readers is just how widespread across Europe the Celts once were. The Celts have been called the "Fathers of Europe," that is north of the Greco-Roman Mediterranean. Long before the Germanic...
History & Anthropology >> Celtic & Irish
- Harding, Deborah
- Deborah Harding began gardening alongside her parents when she was just able to walk. She lives in Ohio with her husband and two daughters. She writes articles on herbal concerns for magazines and web-zines, and gives lectures and workshops on growing herbs...
Real Interviews >> Authors
Tainan City Famous People From Tainan is described in multiple online sources, as addition to our editors' articles, see section below for printable documents, Tainan City Famous People From Tainan books and related discussion.
Suggested Pdf Resources
- Welcome to Tainan
- www.tainan.gov.tw
- Amazing Tainan
- Tainan City is located southwest of Taiwan in the hinterland of the abundant Jianan ... Chinese called the Dutch the Red-haired people hence the fort came to be ...
- conf.ncku.edu.tw
- Xinying District, Tainan City, Taiwan - Livcom Awards
- Whole City Category C. Population of Xinying: 78,688 people and 27, 642 households ... Xinying District / Green Urban Heat Park in Tainan / Night Scenery at Underground Square.
- www.livcomawards.com
- Ontological recommendation multi-agent for Tainan City travel
- Tainan City, located in the southern Taiwan, is famous for its abundant historic .... agent based on Tainan City travel ontology for planning a person- alized travel ...
- pdfs.semanticscholar.org
- Heritage Conservation a tool for Sustainable Urban Regeneration: A
- The local community and people have also shown their .... experienced by Tainan and Kaohsiung being the largest cities in Taiwan will be explored. Tainan and ....
- www.isocarp.net
Suggested News Resources
- Tainan mayor tops list of leaders' approval ratings
- Tainan Mayor William Lai's (賴清德) approval rating has reached 76 percent, leading 12 other political leaders in the nation, due to positive public reaction to his performance during rescue efforts following the magnitude 6.
- Office chair racing keeps workers on the edge of their seats
- A group of shopkeepers in Tainan, southern Taiwan, is organizing the first overseas edition, inviting racers from Japan and elsewhere to compete on April 24.
- Taipei & Tainan
- Considered the first gay-themed Chinese novel, it's been adapted into a film and a popular TV miniseries in Taiwan, while translations brought the novel to English, French, and German-speaking readers. According to the ...
- The secret behind Burberry, Coach and Victoria's Secret
- Local designers, many of whom have studied at top fashion schools abroad, have been teaming up with local fabric-makers to create unique garments to highlight the city's creative potential.
Great care has been taken to prepare the information on this page. Elements of the content come from factual and lexical knowledge databases, realmagick.com library and third-party sources. We appreciate your suggestions and comments on further improvements of the site.
Tainan City Famous People From Tainan Topics
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In our ever-shrinking, interconnected world, it is imperative that legal practitioners establish expertise in international ediscovery law. One of the most dramatic evolutions in ediscovery is occurring in the Asia-Pacific region (APAC).
As in the U.S., several APAC countries have created special rules for the discovery of electronic data. Hong Kong, Singapore and Japan have (or are in the process of) adopted data privacy regulations. Hong Kong uses traditional English discovery law, which makes Hong Kong the APAC country most amenable to American ediscovery efforts. Singapore is equally as advanced, given its recent adoption of aggressive measures to become the premiere dispute resolution hub of the region. Japan has likewise begun deliberations on the implementation of ediscovery laws, but the Japan Privacy Act permits the conditional transfer of personal information from a corporate entity to a third party.
Perhaps the most challenging ediscovery environments are those of China and South Korea. In South Korea, ediscovery law is still relatively non-existent. China, on the other hand, deals with data protection and privacy issues on a piecemeal basis, and a central framework for governing ediscovery matters has yet to be established.
Handling these APAC ediscovery issues seems like a daunting task, but here are seven practical tips:
1. APAC Ediscovery Goes Beyond Translation
Even a U.S. attorney proficient in an Asian language will struggle with APAC ediscovery because of vast differences in legal systems. Most APAC companies cannot fathom why an American court would require a party to collect and exchange massive amounts of data.
2. Be Cautious of Nationalist Challenges
Strong nationalism may thwart U.S. litigation collection efforts, as parties question why APAC privacy considerations do not trump U.S. discovery laws.
3. Capture Full Forensic Images and Conduct Client Interviews
Because of geographical and nationalist challenges in APAC, a lawyer cannot risk an insufficient collection. As such, active data capture is not recommended in the APAC region. Along the same lines, it is important to ask custodians for all spelling variations of their name during the client interview.
4. Watch for International Data Nuances
In the APAC region, software is often vastly different from U.S. software. Furthermore, multilingual software platforms generate different metadata fields than U.S. software platforms. Finally, use of free email packages is more prevalent, and an attorney may need to collect ESI from several email systems.
5. APAC Companies Tend to Encrypt More Data
Build a workflow into collection and review for handling password protected documents. Keep a list of passwords found during document review, and be prepared to use password cracking software.
6. Don't Overlook the Paper
Unlike in the U.S., APAC businesses still rely heavily on paper documentation. Pay special attention to paper in the APAC region, given that paper sizing and hole punching may be different. Optical Character Recognition (OCR) is often not available for many languages.
7. Make Friends and Work with Local Counsel
Perhaps most importantly, local counsel experienced in ediscovery collections or local service providers can greatly assist American attorneys by acting as a mitigating party, explaining sovereignty issues, integrating paper and data into one database, and collecting data before spoliation occurs.
Overall, APAC ediscovery law has proven to be extremely agile; thus, it is important for practitioners to keep afloat in these ever-changing waters.
For a top-notch overview of international ediscovery laws, check out this global ediscovery infographic.
See more »
DISCLAIMER: Because of the generality of this update, the information provided herein may not be applicable in all situations and should not be acted upon without specific legal advice based on particular situations.
© Kroll Ontrack Inc.
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I went in for my annual exam today and despite EXTREME pressure from my baby pushing Oct '10 BB and my own screaming ovaries, I remained strong and left with my IUD firmly in place. After all the unpleasantness of the actual exam (which was actually one of the least unpleasant I've had), I asked the OB/Gyn about what I'll need to do to transfer care to my MW group once I get PG (I was on campus employee insurance last time and I'm on student health insurance now). My crappy student health insurance isn't actually all that crappy when it comes to maternal care. I just have to go in to the student health center, take a PG test, and then head on over to the BC. I was worried they'd want to do a dating scan, which I don't want. The only bummer is that I might not be able to use one of the MWs if I have to transfer care to a hospital (if I risk out of the BC). But I'm not too worried about that because I'm in excellent health and my last pregnancy went swimmingly aside from the awful awful nausea. I'll have to check in with the insurance folks when it draws nearer to TTC. Oh, and I asked about coverage for a HB and she knew nothing. I got a strange look when I asked about HBing. Just about as strange as when I told her I'd be refusing the diabetes test she recommended I get before we TTC. Really? Diabetes? I have zero risk factors, no family history whatsoever, and my last pregnancy didn't even have a glimmer of GD. Thanks but no thanks. They can keep their tests.
Anyway, I'm all set to continue "thinking" until it comes time to yank this thing!


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Taylor Swift Tickets
Don't miss Taylor Swift at Petco Park in San Diego on Saturday, August 29, 2015. Atlas Tickets has awesome seats and cheap tickets too. Get information about the Taylor Swift concert tour and seating info for Petco Park. The Taylor Swift concert in San Diego will definitely be a memorable one. Buy your tickets now before they're sold out.
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Another pair of great seats from Atlas! Thanks!
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Coffea cruda (Coffee)
Coffee increases the activity and sensitivity of the nervous system and drinking too much coffee causes agitation and sleeplessness.
Homoeopathy uses raw coffee in potentiated form to calm down a state of over-sensitiveness of the senses and nervous excitement.
Coffea-characters have a very sensitive nervous system. With their constant nervous tension they act quickly and hasty. Coffea's are industrious people who do a lot for others. Their minds are filled with ideas and plans. Repeated thoughts and an alert and active mind keep them sleepless. In their drive for action they tend to first act and then think it over. When you inform to their problems, Coffea-people will say that they are well, because they don't allow themselves the time to think about emotions and personal difficulties.
These people eat and drink hasty.
The Coffea-picture is called forth by emotions, strong mental excitement and especially by pleasant news or occasions. They get ailments from excessive joy. A Coffea-child for instance will act with sleeplessness, a headache, a red face and warm head, or involuntary jerking anticipating a birthday-party or the arrival of Father Christmas.
Coffea is very sensitive to noise and to pain.
Especially during delivery these women experience noise as pain.
Toothache or headache can drive them to despair because the pain is felt very intensely. They can shriek with the pain. Menstruation and after pains are very painful.
Cold applications on the painful body-parts relieve. Rest and sleep ameliorate.
They feel worse by strong emotions, excessive joy, cold, noise and coffee. Of course the homoeopathic Coffea is a good remedy to heal the mental excitement and sleeplessness caused by drinking too much coffee.
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- Prayer. Electroshock. Hoping really hard.
- These Cough and Cold "Remedies" for Kids Don't Work. So Don't Buy Them.
- Hyland's 4 Kids Cold 'n Cough Nighttime, for instance, contains coffea cruda, a fancy name for coffee extract, because, well, coffee causes insomnia at high doses, so according to the rules of homeopathy, it should treat insomnia at low doses.
- Coffee for Sleep? If It's Homeopathic, Yes
- It sounds crazy that consuming coffee could help you sleep – but homeopaths say it works. Coffea cruda, or a diluted substance containing tiny amounts of unroasted coffee beans, works as a remedy for insomnia, as well as teething pain, labor pains, ...
- Rolfing and rebates: the rise of natural therapies
- The Australian Homeopathic Association uses the example of coffee - in a healthy person, it could cause insomnia.
- What's the difference between holistic and homeopathic medicine?
- A homeopathic treatment of coffea cruda, a diluted solution derived from coffee, may be prepared by a homeopathic physician, who would also consult with the patient about addressing underlying stressors leading to lack of sleep.
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Telling Your Story - The Personal Essay
Pondering your life? Writing forces us to reflect on our human experiences one sentence at a time. The memories become coherent, and we find a sense of purpose. This class will show you how to write about something of significance, whether a favorite relative or a lesson learned through hardship or happier times. You'll learn how to turn an idea into a story or essay and in six weeks, you'll have a written work to share.
View the course outline: JOU 8115
Course schedule for dates, times, locations and cost.
Call 704.330.4223 or visit our online registration to enroll today.


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Just as the title says, how did you get into playing trumpet or how did you really got into music? Tell me your story, and why you are doing what you are doing. Say whatever you want, and give your opinions!
Happy Playing & Typing,
Just as the title says, how did you get into playing trumpet or how did you really got into music? Tell me your story, and why you are doing what you are doing. Say whatever you want, and give your opinions!
Happy Playing & Typing,
My Grandfather died and I inherited his cornet. I was 10 years old and it was a turning point in my life! I still play that cornet (among other instruments) today. It keeps the memory of my grandfather and his legacy alive! My playing covers just about everything from church services to big band to symphony orchestra to musical!
Whenever I feel blue, I start breathing again.
I was in chicago when I was 12 and my mother took me to the CSO. We sat right in the middle. On the program that night was Mahlers 5th. I came back home and begged my mom to buy me one for my birthday. So for my 13th birthday I got a beatup King cornet.
Today I am a trumpet major, in an army band, and dream of one day being the person on the stage in chicago playing mahlers 5.
Josh Ritchie
Yamaha "Chicago" C
Yamaha "New York" Bb
Blessing Eb/D
Yamaha 6810S Picc
Bach 2C
Joshua C. Ritchie
I got into playing brass when I was 9. My school had a brass band, went along to one of the classrooms to see what it was all about and had a euphonium shoved into my hands.
It was that time in school when we could learn a band instrument. My last name is Ringo, the Beatles were still around, and my friends urged me to take up drums. At the junction of Woolard Road and Little Spokane River Drive I heard the most amazing music on our car radio (a red, 1964 Ford Galaxie 500) -- Herb Albert and the Tijuana Brass. It was such happy music, and the trumpet sounded so cool! I madee the mental switch from future drummer to future trumpeter. Later I discovered Bill Chase, Don Ellis, Doc and Maynard and made high notes a priority. Later I heard Maurice Andre and fell in love with his style of playing. I then heard a recording of the NBC orchestra play Pictures, later heard Mathis der Maler and become hooked on the symphony orchestra as the ultimate music making machine.
"A tool good enough to be so used and not too good"C.S. Lewis That Hideous Strength
I saw Herb Alpert and the Tijuana Brass on TV when I was in the 3rd or 4th grade and I told my parents that I wanted to play the trumpet. I started in the 4th grade,got serious in 8th or 9th grade, and decided to be a music education major in college and I've been teaching music in a public school in NJ for the last 23 years. I enjoy playing various styles of music, but I lean toward the commercial stuff.
My class at school went to see a Rafael Mendez demonstration and later a concert when I was 13.....Words can't describe how great he was..... spine tingling comes readily to mind....I was inspired and absolutely hooked on the trumpet.....started lessons a year later.
I started in 4th grade playing the flute. I played flute because a girl I had a crush on played flute. I got made fun of for about a month before I switched to trumpet. I never looked back.
Joe Petrocelli
Truth be known, I started playing trumpet to impress a girl. When I was in sixth grade I had a schoolboy crush on a girl who decided to join band. She played the clarinet, all those keys and buttons looked too scary. The trombone slide looked too confusing and the tubas and Baritones were too big. The trumpet was small and only had 3 "buttons". I thought "how hard could it be"? :)
Tim Pierson
Hallway monitor was already taken.
Chuck Willard
The Willard of Oz
"Don't be afraid to see what you see."
Ronald Reagan
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Eli Young Band gets up to speed for Kenny Chesney opener
Opening up stadiums for Kenny Chesney's No Shoes Nation tour was a bit of an adjustment, said James Young, guitarist for the Texas-based Eli Young Band.
"It would have been nice if we could have actually warmed up with an arena or amphitheater," Young said of playing the tour kick-off at Raymond James Stadium in Tampa, Fla., in March. »Read Full Article
Lady Antebellum headlining Wisconsin State Fair Aug. 9
The Wisconsin State Fair has locked in Lady Antebellum for Aug. 9, the fair's first main stage headliner to be announced for 2014.
The country-pop act has come a long way since an early morning gig at the Mayfield Mobil gas station in Richfield. Winning record and song of the year Grammys in 2011 for its smash breakthrough single "Need You Now," on top of many other awards in the past few years, the trio of Hillary Scott, Charles Kelley and Dave Haywood saw its last three albums at the top of the Billboard charts, with 13 million digital singles to date sold in the U.S., according to the Recording Industry Association of America. Included in that tally is the playful hit "Downtown," the lead single off the band's latest studio album, "Golden," released last May. An opening act has yet to be announced. »Read Full Article
New DVD releases January 28
RUSH (Universal) Ron Howard's fact-based tale set in the 1970s world of Formula One auto racing isn't just for gearheads. It's also a look at the rivalry of two wildly different drivers — a buttoned-down and unlikable perfectionist played by Daniel Brühl, and a glamorous and handsome playboy played by Chris Hemsworth — who reject each other's lifestyle but develop grudging respect for each other's driving skills. (R; sex, nudity, language, drug use, intense scenes) ★★★1/2 »Read Full Article
Milwaukee movies off the grid: Jan. 24-30
A quick look at alternative movie offerings in town:
Times Cinema
"American Psycho": Christian Bale kills with style in the 2000 dark comic thriller. Midnight Friday. $5. »Read Full Article
Longer format lets WMSE's 'Local/Live' listeners get to know Milwaukee bands
It was the third time that the West Bend-based Americana act Blessed Feathers had been live on WMSE-FM (91.7). But the experience was definitely different.
In previous years, the station's "Local/Live" program ran a half-hour, largely consisting of live in-studio performances from Milwaukee bands, with about five minutes to spare for an interview. »Read Full Article
Oscar watch: Where to see this year's Academy Award-nominated movies
Time to start catching up on movies to fill out your Academy Awards brackets.
Most of this year's contenders are available, either still in theaters or available digitally. Sometimes you can see a bunch of them in a bunch: Marcus Theatres and AMC Theatres, for example, are both showing all nine best picture nominees in nightlong programs set for Feb. 22 and March 1. See their respective websites — marcustheatres.com and amctheatres.com — for details. »Read Full Article
This week's concerts
LORD HURON »Read Full Article
25 local acts headed to South by Southwest for Milwaukee showcase
Pop-rock band Vic and Gab, alt-country act Hugh Bob and the Hustle, and rapper Klassik are among the 25 local artists playing a 15-hour Milwaukee showcase in Austin, Texas, during the music portion of South by Southwest this March.
The massive music festival and conference attracts thousands of bands from all over the world for official and unofficial showcases, in pursuit of media exposure and potentially lucrative connections with managers, booking agents, publicists and record label representatives. »Read Full Article
Milwaukee taps into bounty of new craft breweries in area
Seven new craft breweries opened in late 2013 or plan to open this year.
Not since 1840 have Milwaukee-area beer drinkers enjoyed such an embarrassment of sudsy riches in their own backyard. »Read Full Article(5)
Singles Scorecard: Hear new songs from Beck, Aloe Blacc and G. Love & Special Sauce
Aloe Blacc, behind new song "The Man," will open for Bruno Mars at Summerfest June 25. Getty Images photo. »Read Full Blog Post
On Tap Today: Public radio, Rock Band and The Lone Bellow
If you're in the habit of tuning in to public radio on the way to work, why not start the day a little earlier with a free roundtable discussion on public radio in Milwaukee. The East Town Association, InterContinental Milwaukee, The Business Journal, OnMilwaukee.com and 88Nine Radio Milwaukee host the season's first installment of Coffee Connections, a roundtable speaker series, starting with "Programming Milwaukee Radio...Left of the Dial."
Guest moderator Brian Kramp will lead the discussion on programming public radio in Milwaukee with panelists: »Read Full Blog Post


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realmagick.com The shrine of knowledge.
Peninsular Malaysia
A selection of articles related to peninsular malaysia.
Original articles from our library related to the Peninsular Malaysia. See Table of Contents for further available material (downloadable resources) on Peninsular Malaysia.
- The Green Man
- Who is this mysterious face in the leaves, commonly known as the Green Man? He is the personification of the spirit of nature itself in its vegetation form; the living heartbeat in every cell of a plant, shrub or tree, and the divine essence of the seasons....
Religion & Philosophy >> Deities & Heros
- Basil - The Herb of Kings
- Basil, from soil to seed To strong stems and beautiful leaves. I ask for blessings to have bestowed As I nurture and watch you grow. From mornings dew and sun of afternoon To rays of the stars and midnights moon Mother Earth watch over thee As I my will, So...
Herbalism >> Herbs dictionary B
- The healing heat of Ginger
- My first amazing experience with the healing power of Ginger was during a fasting week I assisted as a student. A bit nervous I applied slices of fresh cut Ginger on the lower back area of my teacher-naturopath, since she was suffering from back-ache since...
Herbalism >> Herbs dictionary G
Peninsular Malaysia is described in multiple online sources, as addition to our editors' articles, see section below for printable documents, Peninsular Malaysia books and related discussion.
Suggested Pdf Resources
- Conservation status of tigers in a primary rainforest of Peninsular
- This study provided the first reliable density estimate of tigers based on photographic capture data in Taman Negara National Park, Peninsular Malaysia's most i.
- ac.els-cdn.com
- A trophic
- 313. Trophic Model of the Coastal Fisheries Ecosystem of the West Coast of Peninsular Malaysia. Alias Man.
- pubs.iclarm.net
- Community Structures of Coral Reefs around Peninsular Malaysia
- into the west coast of Peninsular Malaysia with a dominant Porites massive lifeform, and the east coast with a variety of lifeform categories of Montipora and ...
- www.terrapub.co.jp
- Evidence of Upwelling along Peninsular Malaysia during - DOI
- Jul 4, 2015 Upwelling off the east coast of Peninsular Malaysia (PM) was detected from ... South China Sea, Upwelling, Peninsular Malaysia, Southwest ...
- repository.um.edu.my
- Malaysia - Perhilitan
- Department of Wildlife and National Parks (DWNP), Peninsular Malaysia. Edition: ... DWNP, 2010, Red list Of Mammals For Peninsular Malaysia.
- www.wildlife.gov.my
Suggested News Resources
- Facebook Groups: Malaysia's new wildlife trade marketplace
- Just half an hour's daily monitoring over five months by TRAFFIC researchers of 14 Facebook Groups in Peninsular Malaysia found more than 300 apparently wild, live animals for sale as pets, ranging from Sun Bears Helarctos malayanus and gibbons, ...
- TNB records highest electricity demand at 17175MW
- KUALA LUMPUR: The hot and dry spell in the past few days have pushed electricity consumption to its highest in peninsular Malaysia, with Tenaga Nasional Berhad (TNB) recording an all time high peak demand of 17,175MW on March 9. The heatwave, due ...
- No haze expected in Malaysia until May: Meteorological Dept
- "This should continue until later this month or early April when the inter monsoon starts here, the wind will be light and variable and we will have more rainfall, especially in the west coast of peninsular Malaysia," she added.
- Malaysia's eCourts digitisation project enters second phase
- PUTRAJAYA: The phase 2 of Malaysia's eCourts digitisation project will help expedite the backlog in court cases in the Peninsular for years to come.
Suggested Web Resources
- Peninsular Malaysia - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
- Peninsular Malaysia (Malay: Semenanjung Malaysia), also known as West Malaysia (formerly Malaya), is the part of Malaysia which lies on the Malay Peninsula ...
- en.wikipedia.org
- Peninsula Malaysia Cuisine
- A True Southeast Asian Experience. At Peninsula, you can be rest assured that we offer one of the best Malaysian restaurants in the Twin Cities to you as our ...
- www.peninsulamalaysiancuisine.com
- Peninsular Malaysia travel guide - Travelfish
- A travel guide to Peninsular Malaysia for independent travellers. Includes key destinations such as Penang, Kuala Lumpur and Taman Negara.
- www.travelfish.org
- States of Malaysia : Northern Region : Central Region : Southern
- Malaysia is situated at the heart of Southeast Asia, which comprises of Peninsular Malaysia and the states of Sabah and Sarawak. Peninsular Malaysia is ...
- www.2malaysia.com
- Malaysia travel guide - Wikitravel
- Malaysia is a country in Southeast Asia, located partly on a peninsula of the Asian mainland and partly on the northern third of the island of Borneo.
- wikitravel.org
Great care has been taken to prepare the information on this page. Elements of the content come from factual and lexical knowledge databases, realmagick.com library and third-party sources. We appreciate your suggestions and comments on further improvements of the site.
Peninsular Malaysia Topics
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|Job Ref:
|Post Date:
|30/09/2016 12:08
Why Choose AECOM?
AECOM is a premier, fully integrated professional and technical services firm positioned to design, build, finance and operate infrastructure assets around the world for public- and private-sector clients. With nearly 100,000 employees - including architects, engineers, designers, planners, scientists and management and construction services professionals - serving clients in over 150 countries around the world, AECOM is ranked as the #1 engineering design firm by revenue in Engineering News-Record magazine's annual industry rankings, and has been recognized by Fortune magazine as a World's Most Admired Company. The firm is a leader in all of the key markets that it serves, including transportation, facilities, environmental, energy, oil and gas, water, high-rise buildings and government. AECOM provides a blend of global reach, local knowledge, innovation and technical excellence in delivering customized and creative solutions that meet the needs of clients' projects. A Fortune 500 firm, AECOM companies, including URS Corporation and Hunt Construction Group, have annual revenue of approximately $19 billion. More information on AECOM and its services can be found at NA.
About the Business Line
Construction Services
Our talented experts are dedicated to managing the complexity inherent in construction projects, catering to each client's unique needs. We provide services such as program management, construction management and owner's representation to our clients around the globe.
Job Summary
El proyecto Reasentamiento Físico y económico por obras en la mina de Gramalote, Antioquia, requiere Profesional Antropólogo, con experiencia en proyectos de intervención con comunidades bajo el enfoque de investigación etnográficas, para trabajar con AECOM oficina Colombia
Objeto: Garantizar que todos los programas diseñados en el PAR(Plan de Acción del Reasentamiento) tengan un enfoque etnográfico
Actividades a desarrollar en el Proyecto:
Productos asociados al cargo
Minimum Requirements
Preferred Qualifications
What We Offer
AECOM is a place where you can put your innovative thinking and business skills into high gear and work alongside other highly intelligent and motivated people. It's a place where you can apply your skills to some of the world's most challenging, interesting, and meaningful projects worldwide. It's a place that values the diversity of our areas of practice and our people. It's what makes AECOM a great place to work and grow. AECOM is an Equal Opportunity Employer.


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For more holiday inspiration, please follow our Pinterest boards for our latest pins, including all our favorite holiday ideas!
Today, I am sharing four holiday crafts to do this holiday season (or pin to remember to do next year). I co-hosted a holiday Pinterest party this year & several of the crafts were done at this event! All of these crafts are simple and fun to do on your own or get a group of friends together & have a little "holiday crafting" party. We hope you enjoy our simple holiday craft ideas below!
Countdown to Christmas Block
- 2 x 4 wood pieces, cut to desired length. This one is about 12 inches.
- Red or Green Spray Paint
- Mod Podge
- Chalkboard Labels
- Scrapbook Paper
- Card Stock
- Printer
1. Spray paint wood pieces and let dry. (You may need more than one coat!)
2. Cut out scrapbook paper to fit onto the front of the wood block.
3. Print (or if you would like, hand write) onto card stock Days Until Christmas.
4. Mod Podge the scrapbook paper & card stock onto the block. I recommend 2-3 coats of Mod Podge. Let dry in between and after all coats.
5. Add chalkboard label & then start counting down the days until Christmas!
DIY Holiday Burlap Banner
- Plate (We used plates from the Dollar Tree!)
- Oil-Based Sharpie Pens
1. Draw design onto plate. Ideas include: Cookies for Santa, Santa face, ornaments, Christmas light strand, Happy Birthday Jesus, & other fun designs.
2. Bake in 400 degree oven for 30 minutes.
(I would recommend hand-washing as I have never tried my own design in the dishwasher!)
DIY Holiday Burlap Banner
- 8 inch wide burlap roll. I ordered this burlap roll, but I did this with a large group & we have PLENTY left over even after almost 50 banners were made!
- Template (I created this one here that you can download & use)
- Scissors
- Twine
- Alphabet Stencils-This is the set I ordered!
- Red and Green Craft Paint
- Foam Paintbrush
- Mini Spouncers
- Glue Gun & Glue Sticks
1. Cut out desired number of triangles out of the burlap using the template to guide you. If you buy the 8 inch wide burlap, then you can just alternate facing the triangles right side up & upside down without wasting any burlap.
2. Cut a piece of twine that is long enough to fit all the triangles spaced out with 1-2 inches in between. Leave a little extra for the ends to hang.
3. Glue the triangles onto the twine with the glue gun.
4. Take each stencil & tape with masking tape onto the burlap in the center.
5. Dip the foam brush into the black paint & dab lightly over the letter until completely covered with black paint.
6. Pull off stencil & letter will appear!
7. Repeat until you have spelled your holiday phrase or word (JOY, BE MERRY, NOEL, HAPPY HOLIDAYS, ETC).
8. Add little polka dots with spouncer dipped in paint.
9. Let dry & hang!
Christmas Nativity Ornament
- Man Peg Person
- Woman Peg Person
- Wood Circle
- Wood Square
- Craft Paint (We used peach, white, red, & brown but you can pick what colors you would like)
- Raffia
- Glue Gun and Glue Sticks
- Twine
1. Paint the man & woman peg person. Paint the wood circle peach and the wood square white. Let dry.
2. Glue the wood circle onto the wood square for baby Jesus.
3. Glue the man and woman together for Mary and Joseph.
4. Glue the wood square onto Mary and Joseph.
5. Glue a small bit of raffia under Jesus to make the hay.
6. Glue twine on to the back so you can hang the ornament!