text:
Later, when the nurses were going through his meager possessions, They found this poem. Its quality and content so impressed the staff that copies were made and distributed to every nurse in the hospital.
One nurse took her copy to Melbourne. The old man's sole bequest to posterity has since appeared in the Christmas editions of magazines around the country and appearing in mags for Mental Health. A slide presentation has also been made based on his simple, but eloquent, poem.
And this old man, with nothing left to give to the world, is now the author of this 'anonymous' poem winging across the Internet.
Cranky Old Man
What do you see nurses? . . .. . .What do you see?
What are you thinking .. . when you're looking at me?
A cranky old man, . . . . . .not very wise,
Uncertain of habit .. . . . . . . .. with faraway eyes?
Who dribbles his food .. . ... . . and makes no reply.
When you say in a loud voice . .'I do wish you'd try!'
Who seems not to notice . . .the things that you do.
And forever is losing . . . . . .. . . A sock or shoe?
Who, resisting or not . . . ... lets you do as you will,
With bathing and feeding . . . .The long day to fill?
Is that what you're thinking?. .Is that what you see?
Then open your eyes, nurse .you're not looking at me.
I'll tell you who I am . . . . .. As I sit here so still,
As I do at your bidding, .. . . . as I eat at your will.
I'm a small child of Ten . .with a father and mother,
Brothers and sisters .. . . .. . who love one another
A young boy of Sixteen . . . .. with wings on his feet
Dreaming that soon now . . .. . . a lover he'll meet.
A groom soon at Twenty . . . ..my heart gives a leap.
Remembering, the vows .. .. .that I promised to keep.
At Twenty-Five, now . . . . .I have young of my own.
Who need me to guide . . . And a secure happy home.
A man of Thirty . .. . . . . My young now grown fast,
Bound to each other . . .. With ties that should last.
At Forty, my young sons .. .have grown and are gone,
But my woman is beside me . . to see I don't mourn.
At Fifty, once more, .. ...Babies play 'round my knee,
Again, we know children . . . . My loved one and me.
Dark days are upon me . . . . My wife is now dead.
I look at the future ... . . . . I shudder with dread.
For my young are all rearing .. . . young of their own.
And I think of the years . . . And the love that I've known.
I'm now an old man . . . . . . .. and nature is cruel.
It's jest to make old age . . . . . . . look like a fool.
The body, it crumbles .. .. . grace and vigour, depart.
There is now a stone . . . where I once had a heart.
But inside this old carcass . A young man still dwells,
And now and again . . . . . my battered heart swells
I remember the joys . . . . .. . I remember the pain.
And I'm loving and living . . . . . . . life over again.
I think of the years, all too few . . .. gone too fast.
And accept the stark fact . . . that nothing can last.
So open your eyes, people .. . . . .. . . open and see.
Not a cranky old man .
Look closer . . . . see .. .. . .. .... . ME!!
Remember this poem when you next meet an older person who you might brush aside without looking at the young soul within. We will all, one day, be there, too!
The best and most beautiful things of this world can't be seen or touched. They must be felt by the heart!
Next week will be my fifth ride with the Livestrong Foundation, and it's symbolic of the fifth year since Cancer took my father from me. I have to say, Father's Day is rough. And since it is falling on the same weekend as my birthday, it really makes me want the only thing I've wished for every year since that day:
A Cure for Cancer.
Thank you to all of you who have already donated. One step at a time, we can beat this. Help me make a change in the world. Help me make sure no other families have to go through what mine has.
I Love you, Dad, and I miss you.
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text:
Sunday, September 4, 2016, 6:41pm
The Bears busy Sunday continues with the signing of veteran tight end Logan Paulsen, formerly of the Washington Redskins. Paulsen, 29, was signed by the Redskins as an undrafted free agent back in 2010 and has spent his entire career in Washington.
He missed all of the 2015 season with a toe injury and was released yesterday due to a very deep depth chart at tight end in Washington (Jordan Reed, Niles Paul, Vernon Davis). Prior to the 2015 season Paulsen had been a valuable contributor for the Redskins, appearing in all but 5 games from 2010-2014 with 42 starts.
Paulsen is known primarily for his blocking skills, but has proven to be a solid receiver as well with 79 catches, 801 yards, and 6 touchdowns.
Monday, December 14, 2015, 1:09pm
Redskins tight end Derek Carrier suffered a season-ending knee injury in Sunday's win over the Bears, a source confirmed to CSN Mid-Atlantic.
Carrier becomes the third player at that position to go down with a significant injury this season, joining Niles Paul and Logan Paulsen, who were lost in the preseason.
Carrier, the Redskins' No. 2 tight end behind Jordan Reed, has a torn ACL and MCL in his right knee. The third-year player was injured on Washington's second drive on a routine-looking tackle following a short reception over the middle.
Redskins counting on Jordan ReedTuesday, August 18, 2015, 9:00pm
The Washington Redskins only know that tight end Jordan Reed won't play Thursday because of a hamstring issue. Beyond that, the only thing they're sure of is they'll need him for the season opener against Miami and that they hope he's available.
Reed has been sidelined since Aug. 11 with a hamstring injury. Coach Jay Gruden said even if they had a regular-season game this week that Reed would not play.
"We've got to get him right," Gruden said. "I've got to make sure he's 100 percent for Miami."
Gruden said he's hoping Reed can play in the third preseason game against Baltimore, but there's no guarantee he'll be ready by then. Even without injuries to tight ends Niles Paul and Logan Paulsen, the Redskins needed Reed to be healthy. Now with those two out, Reed's return becomes even bigger.
The story went on to say the Redskins want Reed to be a big part of their third-down package if nothing else. The problem is that Reed's durability has always been an issue. He's missed 12 games in his first two seasons and has missed time each of the past two training camps. When he plays he's put up fantasy numbers but potential owners will need a backup plan because even as it stands now, it's not certain he's ready for the season.
Sunday, August 16, 2015, 3:40pm
The Washington Redskins on Sunday began to address the depth at their tight end position that has been depleted by injuries, announcing the signing of rookie Ernst Brun.
In corresponding moves, the team placed tight ends Niles Paul and Logan Paulsen on Injured-Reserve, and also waived/injured running back Silas Redd Jr.
Brun, who tried out with the team Sunday and then signed the same day, is an Iowa State product. From 2011-13, the 6-foot-3, 251-pound Brun caught 32 passes for 377 yards and six receiving touchdowns for the Cyclones.
Jordan Reed hopes to return Thursday vs. DetroitSaturday, August 15, 2015, 6:26pm
Tight end Jordan Reed (strained hamstring) remained sidelined as the Washington Redskins resumed practice Saturday afternoon, but said he will try to play in next Thursday's preseason game against Detroit.
"I might be able to play against Detroit," he said. "I feel pretty good."
With Niles Paul out for the year because of a fractured and dislocated left ankle suffered in the preseason opener at Cleveland, and Logan Paulsen due to have season-ending surgery on his right big toe on Monday, Reed is the only experienced tight end on the roster.
The others are Chase Dixon and Je'Ron Hamm, who spent a portion of last season on Washington's practice squad, and Devin Mehina, an undrafted rookie out of BYU. The team could make some moves to bring in more help. As stated in a previous news item, whomever ends up second on the depth chart is just an injury away from getting significant time.
Skins TE Logan Paulsen, RB Silas Redd out for seasonSaturday, August 15, 2015, 4:35pm
Washington Redskins tight end Logan Paulsen needs surgery for a turf toe injury and will miss the entire season.
Coach Jay Gruden says after practice at training camp Saturday that Paulsen will have the operation on Monday.
Paulsen is the second Redskins tight end out for the season. Niles Paul broke his ankle in Thursday's preseason opener against Cleveland.
Gruden says Washington will work out a couple of possible additions at tight end.
Gruden also says running back Silas Redd will miss the season with torn knee ligaments. Redd got hurt against Cleveland.
The value of Jordan Reed continues to grow. We'll keep you updated on whom the team signs as they would just be an injury away from starting if something happens to Reed, who has also struggled to stay healthy. The injury to Redd at the RB position may be good news for Chris Thompson who seemed like he was on the roster bubble. Thompson should now be behind Alfred Morris and Matt Jones on the RB depth chart.
Friday, August 14, 2015, 4:57pm
Washington lost a pair of players to season-ending injuries last night, according to one of their teammates.
In addition to tight end Niles Paul, it appears running back Silas Redd is also done for the year, according to wideout DeSean Jackson's Instagram message.
Coach Jay Gruden said last night Redd suffered a "possible ACL/MCL," and apparently the news they found out today was not good.
Kelly: Eagles QB Sam Bradford (knee) won't play in preseason openerFriday, August 14, 2015, 1:40pm
QB Sam Bradford will not play in the Eagles' preseason opener.
"Sam will not play. That was my decision. Sam is not happy about it,'' Kelly said. "I just felt he's only been out here a couple of weeks.''
Kelly went on to say that Bradford is fine — and the fact is he has not missed one day of practice, or even one drill in practice says volumes— it was just his decision to give him another week.
"It's just my call,'' Kelly said. "There's a fine line. You watch (Washington tight end) Niles Paul, who's a good player, go down last night. He's done for the year. We went back and forth about it, but it was my decision.''
Kelly did say Bradford would go against the Ravens all week in practice next week and play against them, Saturday, Aug. 22.
Bradford has not missed a rep in practice, so it sounds like Kelly -- who invoked the name of Niles Paul, lost for the season with a dislocated ankle -- is just being careful with his quarterback.
Redskins TE Niles Paul out for season with a dislocated ankleThursday, August 13, 2015, 8:55pm
The Redskins lost tight end Niles Paul to injury late in the first quarter. He was carted off with a left leg injury after being rolled up on by Browns linebacker Craig Robertson. Trainers immediately placed an air cast on Paul.
Update: Per Ian Rapoport, Paul suffered a dislocated ankle. He will undergo an MRI to see if the ligaments are intact.
Update: Paul is out for the season.
Jordan Reed should retake his starting spot. When healthy, Reed has averaged 10.5 fantasy points in PPR formats over the past two seasons. This extrapolates to low-end TE1 numbers and he's certainly a worthy start when he's healthy enough to play. Heading into camp, he said his knee feels great after an offseason stem cell treatment. His ADP is currently in the 13th/14th round, so he's a low risk pick.
Niles Paul OK after shoulder scareTuesday, August 11, 2015, 10:35am
Washington Redskins tight end Niles Paul suffered a scare Monday -- but it turns out that's all it was. According to multiple sources, Paul did not suffer any damage to his right shoulder and will be OK.
He's expected to take part in individual work during practice Tuesday afternoon.
Paul hurt his shoulder in 11-on-11 work Monday. After the play, he yanked his helmet off, yelled and walked quickly away followed by trainers. After a few minutes, he walked back toward where the players were standing. But he did not return. Paul is typically one of the most approachable and affable players, but he declined comment after practice as he headed to the locker room with the trainers for more evaluation.
It was just announced Monday that Paul is the team's starting TE heading into the first scrimmage. Fortunately for Paul and the Redskins, he received good news on the shoulder. He's grown into a key player for Washington, having added weight in the offseason and continuing to evolve at a position he's now played for three full seasons. Jordan Reed is the No. 2 tight end and will have a key role in the passing game according to the story. But Paul is considered a better blocker, which gives him an edge as the starter for a team that needs its tight ends to block in the run game.
Niles Paul the TE1 on Redskins depth chartMonday, August 10, 2015, 1:37pm
A considerably bigger, stronger TE Niles Paul reported to Redskins training camp this season, carrying roughly 27 additional pounds of muscle to complement the fierce work ethic he already was known for in the weight room and on the practice field.
Redskins Coach Jay Gruden has rewarded Paul by naming him the team's starting tight end, vaulting him ahead of the frequently injured Jordan Reed, on the unofficial depth chart that was released in the run-up to Thursday's preseason opener at Cleveland.
Competing last year at 225 pounds, Paul had the most productive season of his NFL career, catching 39 passes while Reed was in and out of the lineup with hamstring ailments. In the offseason, Paul worked closely with the Redskins' executive chef and the team's new strength and conditioning coach Mike Clark, to raise his game. He also improved his eating habits. It will be interesting to see if Paul can do enough to keep the job. So far, he's putting in the time and it's paying off.
Tuesday, July 28, 2015, 9:32am
The Redskins need better blocking from their TEs.
This group was too inconsistent for the coaches when it came to blocking and that includes Logan Paulsen, too. It's not just on the offensive line to pass protect or open holes in the run game. They want, and need the tight ends to produce as blockers or other areas won't work.
Bill Callahan likes to involve the tight ends more than most in pass protection, though it does not sound like it will be a whole lot different than it was before he arrived. Jordan Reed blocked better as a rookie than he did last season and that can't happen again. Niles Paul's added weight will help in this area; he's worked on improving his angles and hand placement but sometimes was just outweighed. He's still slightly undersized but is a whole lot more suited to the position now than in the past.
The Skins loved Reed's offensive ability leading up to his rookie year when he eventually came out of no where to most. But Reed's problem is staying on the field. Last season, Reed's primary work came on short routes the story said. The article went on to say Reed's average air yards on passes thrown to him as a rookie was 6.61 while last season it was 4.40, according to ESPN Stats & Information. The result: Reed averaged 11.03 yards per catch as a rookie and 9.30 this past season. Reed is ranked just 24th on our TE list, but is capable of low-end TE1 numbers when healthy.
Washington TE Niles Paul bulking up to improve his blockingThursday, June 11, 2015, 12:41pm
Going up against linebackers and linemen that were 40 to 50 pounds heavier than him, Redskins TE Niles Paul knew he'd need to bulk up in order to become a better player at the position.
"I know an area I wanted to improve on a lot was blocking. I was always a willing blocker, but I was 230 pounds going against guys who were 260, 270, 280," Paul told CSN Washington.com. "I just wanted to level out the playing field a little bit. And it has showed up on film out here [in OTAs]. I've been doing a good job."
As it stands now, Paul currently weighs more than 250 pounds for the first time in his career. "I'm 252 right now," he told reporters. "I feel good, and I feel healthy. I'm happy."
"You know, he's a converted wide received for goodness sakes and he's busted his tail to get himself ready for the tight end spot," head coach Jay Gruden said of Paul. "He's stronger; he's one of our most explosive players in the weight room, done some great things."
Paul has had his moments with Jordan Reed sidelined. Last year, he caught 21 passes for 313 yards and a touchdown in the first four games with Reed out, and was the #9 TE in that span. But then he posted one-catch clunkers against the Seahawks in Week 5 and the 49ers in Week 12 with Reed sidelined. He's certainly a sleeper if Reed (knee) can't get healthy, but he hasn't been a consistent performer even with Reed out.
Washington Beat: TE Niles Paul 'noticeably bigger'Thursday, June 4, 2015, 1:00pm
Redskins TE Jordan Reed, who had a procedure done on his injured knee, also watched. He didn't walk with a noticeable limp, and didn't wear a brace on the knee. HC Jay Gruden said he's not concerned about the stability of the tight end position, praising Niles Paul and Logan Paulsen. (Gruden said Paul has bulked up some more in an attempt to help himself become more effective as a blocker. He's definitely noticeably bigger).
Paul could surprise if Reed ends up on the shelf with his knee issues. Paul isn't a shoo-in to produce, but he has had his moments with Reed sidelined.
Redskins TE Jordan Reed undergoes 'little procedure' on ailing kneeMonday, June 1, 2015, 1:02pm
Oft-injured Redskins tight end Jordan Reed had knee surgery and will be sidelined until training camp, Coach Jay Gruden told reporters Monday.
Reed was sent to a doctor last week after reporting soreness in his knee prior to last Tuesday's OTA practice.
Gruden told reporters that Reed had a "little procedure" on his knee, adding that it was not arthroscopic surgery.
"It's nothing, really," Gruden told The Richmond Times Dispatch at the team's charity golf outing. "He's having a little issue. Nothing serious."
This is certainly a red flag for a player who has missed considerable time with injury. When healthy, Reed has averaged 10.5 fantasy points in PPR formats over the past two seasons. This extrapolates to low-end TE1 numbers and he's certainly a worthy start when he's healthy enough to play. Niles Paul has shown flashes when given starter's snaps, but he hasn't been consistent even when Reed is out.
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subset: commoncrawl


text:
Natio Ageless Firming Night Cream, 50g
Item No.1238129042
Item No.1238129042
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text:
Ophthalmologist (eyes)
31 years of experience
31 years of experience
200 W Arbor Dr
San Diego, CA 92103 Phone number & directions
200 W Arbor Dr
San Diego, CA 92103 Phone number & directions
License & Identifications
A medical license is required for a doctor to practice medicine in a particular state. Requirements vary by state but most require, at a minimum, post-graduate training in the doctor's specific specialty. An NPI number is a national identifier unique to an individual health care provider and is managed by the Center for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS).
Learn more about Dr. Ellen Gabel:
View the full profile to get information on:
- Qualifications
- What's important to you
View full profile
Patient Reviews
Have you visited Dr. Gabel? Share your experience.
Write a Review
Write a Review
Prepare before visiting Dr. Gabel
Macular Degeneration Patient Education Learn all about wet and dry macular degeneration, common symptoms and how this diease affects the eye.Before Visiting Dr. Gabel Learn More
|More Patient Guides & Topics
Chronic Dry Eye
Diabetic Macular Edema
Education & Awards
Dr. Gabel graduated from Universidad De Monterrey, San Pedro Garza Garcia.
Home > Find an Ophthalmologist > CA > San Diego Ophthalmologists > Dr. Ellen Gabel, MD
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- Additional Information
- Dr. Ellen Francine Gabel MD is a female Ophthalmologist, has 31 years of experience and practices in Ophthalmology.
- Where does Dr. Ellen F. Gabel practice?
- Dr. Ellen Gabel has 1 office location.
Dr. Ellen Gabel practices Ophthalmology near San Diego, CA.
See San Diego Ophthalmologists.


text:
Burkle's Bakery
This is a post about a bakery. Duh. more »
Sep 24, 2015 2:45 PM The Memo
Johnny Cash in High School
This is a description of this post, and if this works the way I think it does it should show up on the main page of the blog post. more »
Sep 23, 2015 11:00 AM The Memo
Art Attack
Naked girls, death threats, car bombs, even a kidnapping. Are you kidding? Nope — Just a day in the life of Memphis College of Art 40 years ago. more »
Sep 15, 2015 4:30 PM The Memo


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Montgomery County Bucks County
MetroKids' Ultimate Guide to Fall Fun 2015
Bucks County and Montgomery County, PA
Harvest Fun
Active Acres Farm, Newtown
Sat. & Sun. through Oct.
Families enjoy a pumpkin patch, gem dig, pony rides and a moon bounce.
Freddy Hill Farm, Lansdale
Tues.-Fri. through Oct. 28
The farm's Pumpkin Patch Tour hits all the highlights of fall fun with a hayride, pumpkin-picking and a trip through the cornstalk maze & down the giant slide. The journey ends with a kid-sized ice cream cone.
Froelich's Farm & Garden, Furlong
Sat. & Sun. through Oct.
There's plenty to do during Fall Festival weekends, where kids can navigate a corn maze, take pony rides, explore the fields for the perfect jack-o-lantern and win prizes.
Hellerick's Family Farm, Doylestown
Through Nov. 1
Activities at the daily Fall Harvest Festival include potato-sack races, tricycle rides, pumpkin rolling, spider-web climbing and hayrides around the farm.
Peddler's Village, Lahaska
Through Nov. 1
Check out larger-than-life, locally made scarecrows of all kinds, from classic and sci-fi-themed looks to downright scary, during the annual Scarecrow Contest & Display.
Pennypacker Mills, Schwenksville
Oct. 17
Make autumnal crafts, paint pumpkins, whip up your own apple cider and jump into the giant hay pile at the All Hallows Eve Fall Festival.
Halloween Happenings
Active Acres Farm, Newtown
Fri.-Sun., Oct 2-31
Haunted House in the Hollow features 17 rooms packed with illusions and effects, plus a cemetery and walk-through crypt. The scares continue outside with the Haunted Hayride and Field of Fright.
Ghost Tours, New Hope
Fri. & Sat. through Oct.
So far from city lights that participants are advised to bring a flashlight, the Ghost Tours of New Hope journey through the Bucks County town's streets for tales of local haunts.
Sesame Place, Langhorne
Through Nov. 1
Get your costume ready for a series of Halloween celebrations featuring themed music, dancing and favorite Sesame Street characters.
Riverbend Environmental Education Center, Gladwyne
Oct. 17
At the not-so-spooky Shiverfest, kids can trek the Haunted Trail, listen to creepy tales around the campfire and see blood-chilling reptiles. For a break from the scary stuff, don your costume for the Trick-or-Treat Trail and decorate pumpkins.


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ok.. my little guy is 35 weeks gen age.. he is only on an eighth liter flow on his canula, they might take him off of his canula tomorrow since he is doing so good.. but we are just waiting for them to take him off of the caffeine.. he is bottle feeding all of his feeds.. and they are going to move him to an open crib hopefully by tomorrow.. but when do they normally start weaning them off of the caffeine??
just a quick question..
Comments (9)
I don't really know, except that some babies go home on it. Some of these other moms will have better info I'm sure.
I can't remember. As the PP said, some go home on it. Our neo said he didn't like sending them home on it but would if he had to. I can't remember when Korbin was taken off of it. We had so many ups and downs that it is hard to remember when everything happened.
To realize the value of one month: Ask a mother who has given birth to a premature baby.
Kellar was weined off of it when they noticed a decline in his a's & b's. Kellar had a long list of nicu issues and a lot of that contributed to his desats, but I believe he was off of that before he came off of O2 and we did not come home on o2 or caffiene..
Kellar 26 wks now 4
Baby Girl Londyn or Kinley due Dec...
praying for a healthy baby girl!!!!
Our LO, Xavier, is also 35 weeks gestational age. He was weaned off of the caffeine a few days before he was 35 weeks and also before he came off of his nasal canula. However, the nurse did say that if he would have had to been on the caffeine longer that it wasn't a big deal; they are more concerned about not having babies on pain meds for long periods of time, rather than the caffeine.HTH.
Congrats on moving to the big boy crib soon (and hopefully going home altogether!!)
That's all great news!!! My son was taken off caffeine right at 36 weeks. I think it's particular to the baby.
Once he hits the crib, home comes soon! :)
Mama to Elias, truly our miracle baby, born at 29 weeks in August 2008
Mine came home on caffeine. If he's able to suck and hold his temp, he'll come home regardless. If he's still dropping his heart rate, they'll send him home with an apnea monitor or pulse oximetry and the caffeine to keep his heart rate up.
That is wonderful news!!!!!! My DS went a whole week without a single brady, so they stopped the caffeine. He had one brady a day after that for about a week, and then nothing!!!
Chantelle - Mommy to Carter (3.12.05), Bennett (5.5.08 - 30w3d due to PPROM), and Isla (12.26.10 - VBA2C!)
It varies baby to baby and NICU to NICU. Hannah was off her caffeine way before Olivia, and Austin was never on caffeine (heart condition did not allow it) Our NICU would not release on caffeine no matter what, so it just depends.
I know when they start showing signs of not needing it. heart rate gets normal (when on caffeine their heart rates are high and so is their breathing but just slightly) Then they will cut it back and see how LO will react. If not A &B's then they cut some more. Otherwise they go back up.
Good luck. I remember going into the NICU with my list of things we had to have done. We had a print out on both of the girls cribs (until we put them together) and would check mark things as we got them done.
Derek- 8yrs happy and healthy, Austin- 6yrs: 35week preemie & CHD, Hannah & Olivia 17 months 29 week preemies
My LO is a 27 wker. She was on caffeine until 36 weeks. The Dr dc the caffeine when she went without desats for several days (I forget how long she went without desats). About two weeks later, getting ready to come home, they performed a Sleep Study, and it showed that she had several "periodic breathing" episodes where she would stop breathing for small fractions of time. The episodes were not long enough for the monitor by her bedside to pick up, but enough for the Sleep Study monitor to record. Apparently, the Sleep Study monitor is a lot more sensitive than the monitor used by her bedside.
Based on the Sleep Study, they started her on caffeine again. They redid the Sleep Study after a few days, and the periodic breathings were practically none once the caffeine kicked in. So, she came home on caffeine once a day and an apnea monitor. The Pul dc the caffeine when she was 41 weeks gestation (1 week adjusted). She's been off the caffeine for a month now without any problems.
One of the NICU doctors told me that when babies need caffeine once they go home, they typically get taken off it at around 44 weeks.
Congratulations on your baby coming home soon!
Mom to my princess Janai Raquel (born 7/6/08 at 27wks 4days -2lbs 2oz).��


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Every pathologist needs at his desk a definitive, concise, up-to-date monograph on every important subject in pathology. To a large extent, the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology Atlas of Tumor Pathology series of 40 fascicles has served this important purpose for the past 20 years on the subject of tumors. These monographs, always written by top people in the field, have set standards for diagnosis and nomenclature in tumor pathology for much of the medical world. Now, under sponsorship of the American Cancer Society, the National Cancer Institute, and the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, and under the auspices of Universities Associated for Research and Education in Pathology, Inc., a new series of fascicles is begun.
It is especially fitting that the first fascicle of this new series is Tumors of the Soft Tissues by the late Arthur Purdy Stout, MD, and Raffaele Lattes, MD. It follows Stout's original
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Sure they love the money, but not all Miamians are kumbaya about the alien spacecraft that is the art fairs and its annual landing in South Beach. The Miami New Times has a hilarious list of why they are glad the fairs are over and there are some doozies. Our faves:
12. Title. Your. Fucking. Artwork.
6. There's no nice way to say this: During Art Basel, female artsos dress even sluttier than women in Miami the rest of the year, which is quite a feat. Can anybody think of the daughters?
1. Artists writing shit in neon — even in an ironic-I'm-writing-shit-in-neon kind of way — needs to stop.
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Scenes From the Bush Book Signing
Photos by Danny Fulgencio
Our Danny Fulgencio accompanied me to Borders this morning; he got there early and stayed late, documenting the scene as some 2,400 folks -- well, that's what Dubya told Rush afterward -- waited to meet and greet the X-President, who, by my stopwatch, could sign 17-20 copies of Decision Points in a minute. (Bush took no questions, and media had all but 10 minutes to observe the signing from a 20-foot distance.) A slide show is
forthcomingright here.
But this photo in particular, taken at the Preston and Royal intersection, sums up the back-and-forth below. I saw these folks at 8:30. I was heading back to my car, parked across the street. A well-groomed man, who looked to be in his 20s, drove by in his shiny black SUV. He rolled down his window. He shouted: "Fuck you!" He sped up and turned the corner, heading east on Royal.
A mother and her young daughter, who you can see after the jump talking to Bush, were standing at the corner, waiting for the light to change. The woman holding the "ARREST BUSH" sign said to the mother and daughter, "Sorry you had to hear that." The girl shrugged and smiled. The mother said, "That's OK, she's heard worse."
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In an era of rapid change caused by rising global interdependence, the International Human Rights Law Clinic (IHRLC) at the UC Berkeley School of Law pursues a dual mission: promoting justice at home and abroad and training attorneys for a changing profession. IHRLC marshals the resources of the faculty and students of UC Berkeley to advance the struggle for human rights on behalf of individuals and marginalized communities. It clarifies complex issues, develops innovative policy solutions, and engages in vigorous advocacy. At the same time, IHRLC prepares graduates for an increasingly diverse, competitive, and international legal profession. One of the leading human rights clinics in the country, IHRLC takes advantage of its home in California, the largest and most diverse state in the nation, and builds on Berkeley Law's commitment to international engagement. Since 1998, IHRLC has completed dozens of projects and trained over 200 students. Learn about the latest clinic news below or read our publications.
Clinic Files Petition Claiming Human Rights Abuses by U.S. Customs and Border Protection
By Susan Gluss
March 30, 2016–A nearly six-year legal battle for justice took a new turn today (March 30) as the International Human Rights Law Clinic filed a petition against the United States for the death of a Mexican national by U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP). The complaint, filed with co-counsel Alliance San Diego before the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights, calls for an investigation into the killing and a condemnation of U.S. actions.
The deceased, Anastasio Hernandez Rojas, died on May 31, 2010, a few days after border agents took him into custody. The father of five was caught trying to cross the Mexican-U.S. border to rejoin his family in San Diego. He'd been deported just weeks earlier, despite having lived and worked in the U.S. for more than two decades.
CBP agents transported Anastasio to a deportation gate, and it's there that the brutal beating ensued. As Anastasio objected to his detention, a dozen or more border agents punched, kicked, dragged, Tased, hogtied, and denied him medical attention, according to the petition.
Immobilized on the ground, Anastasio cried out for help in Spanish. His cries drew the attention of witnesses standing on a nearby pedestrian bridge, and several onlookers recorded cell phone footage. Border agents sought to confiscate any evidence—images, audio, video—but two eye-witnesses hid their phones and eventually released videos of the beating. Broadcast on U.S. news networks, the videos led to a public outcry and heightened scrutiny of the case.
An autopsy report revealed that Anastasio suffered bruises and abrasions on his face and body, five broken ribs, and hemorrhaging of internal organs. Anastasio died after suffering a heart attack, cardiac arrest, and brain damage. His death was ruled a homicide.
Despite the evidence and eyewitness accounts of the beating, federal prosecutors closed the criminal investigation last fall without pursuing criminal charges. The government was "unable to prove, beyond a reasonable doubt," that the agents violated federal homicide statutes, according to a Department of Justice (DOJ) press release.
A fearless team
Enter Roxanna Altholz '99, associate director of the International Human Rights Law Clinic, and a team of clinic students. They drafted the petition for the Inter-American Commission, a body of the Organization of American States, claiming human rights abuses by the U.S.
It's a tactic Altholz has employed before—as lead counsel on cases against Colombian drug lords and Guatemalan military officers—when victims found no redress in national courts.
"For decades, the Inter-American Commission has investigated exactly this kind of case—extrajudicial killings by law enforcement," Altholz said. The commission "has developed clear standards on what circumstances justify the use of force by law enforcement, how on-duty killings should be investigated, and what the government should do to protect the rights of the victims' family members."
Students Amanda Barrow '16, Jessica Oliva '16, Kelsey Quigley '17, and Aaron Voit '17 hand-delivered the petition to the commission in Washington, D.C., along with Altholz, Anastasio's brother, and Andrea Guerrero '99, executive director of Alliance San Diego.
"Our collaboration with the clinic is a game changer," Guerrero said. "With the clinic's help, we can take this fight for justice to the international arena … against the U.S. government for its systemic failure to deliver justice to border victims."
Oliva said it was time to hold the customs agency accountable for its "egregious violations of human rights."
"As a child of parents who came to this country as undocumented migrants, this case hit particularly close to home," Oliva wrote in an email. "I hope that by shedding light on this systemic issue, we take a step towards the day where the lives of all human beings are valued equally, irrespective of migratory status."
Barrow said she was stunned by the "impunity" of agents who kill.
"I thought that this case—involving the brutal killing of an unarmed man while he was handcuffed, in law enforcement custody, and surrounded by dozens of witnesses—couldn't possibly be dismissed, or swept under the rug. Devastatingly, that's exactly what happened," Barrow said.
Pattern of abuse
CBP is the nation's largest law enforcement agency. Since 9/11, Congress has more than doubled its budget and increased its access to surveillance equipment, weaponry and technology. In the past six years alone, its agents have killed at least forty-six Mexican and U.S. nationals along the U.S.-Mexico border. Yet successful disciplinary, civil or criminal actions against agents are exceedingly rare. The DOJ has closed all but one criminal investigation of a killing without filing charges.
Anastasio's family members are pursuing a civil case that has yet to go to trial in a California district court.
Law student Voit, a former community organizer in El Salvador, said this case has helped him understand the "dire threats facing undocumented immigrants."
"U.S. law enforcement at the Southern border has a long history of violence and abuse directed towards undocumented immigrants," Voit said. "The U.S. government has an obligation to respect, protect, and ensure the human rights of every human within our borders—undocumented or otherwise."
For Quigley, working on this project added "an emotional, tragic layer of complexity to a personal cultural awakening." Although from San Diego, she hadn't heard of the "struggle for justice" by Anastasio's family. "I am now more aware of the pain, the gravity, and the 'gray' of living as an undocumented person in the U.S," she said.
The issue of impunity by the border agency has to be seen in the context of policing nationwide, according to Guerrero. "If we are serious about holding law enforcement accountable for its actions from Ferguson, Missouri to San Diego, California, we must … hold CBP to the same standards that we seek to hold local police, without exception."
International condemnation
If the commission pursues this case and finds the U.S. responsible for violating the human rights of Anastasio and his family, its recommendations could include: further investigation and punishment of the agents responsible; reparations for the damages caused; legislative reforms; apologies to the family members and other measures.
Altholz says it's critical that an outside, international body "without political interests" examine the case. "Given the problems with how U.S. authorities investigated this case, we need an independent panel of experts to review the use of force and the investigation to recommend reforms to CBP," she said.
"Security should not and cannot mean that it is 'open season' on border communities," Altholz said.
By filing this complaint before the commission, added Barrow, we are "seeking to chip away at the militarization of the border and the violence committed by those who are charged with protecting us."
For Anastasio's brother, this latest legal maneuver offers a ray of light in an otherwise dark, difficult time.
"On behalf of my entire family, I am very grateful for the work of the clinic," Bernardo Hernandez Rojas said. "With their help, we have new hope that one day we will get justice for Anastasio and that we will keep another family from suffering as we have."
Clinic Gains Key Victory for Victims of Heinous Crime by Colombian Drug Lord
By Andrew Cohen
March 17, 2016–Tenacity, perseverance, and deft legal maneuvering enabled the International Human Rights Law Clinic (IHRLC) to celebrate a major victory this week. On March 14—after a six-year court battle—a federal judge granted victims of Colombian paramilitary leader Hernan Giraldo Serna the right to participate in the accused's criminal proceedings.
In 2008, Giraldo Serna was one of 14 Colombian warlords extradited to the United States to face drug trafficking charges. The clinic teamed with the law firm Wilson Sonsini Goodrich & Rosati to represent the victims, who seek justice for egregious human rights crimes Giraldo Serna committed during the course of his drug trade.
"This is a rare acknowledgement by a U.S. court of the human cost of Colombia's drug war," said assistant clinical professor of law Roxanna Altholz '99, IHRLC's associate director and co-counsel on the case.
The clinic's clients are the widow and daughter of Julio Henríquez, who directed a Colombian NGO that trained farmers to grow legal crops instead of coca, cocaine's main ingredient. Giraldo Serna was convicted in Colombia for the 2001 disappearance and murder of Henríquez, who had opposed coca growing in an area under Giraldo Serna's control. Henríquez's body was found six years later.
Giraldo Serna admitted that over the course of four decades, he was responsible for torturing, murdering, and forcibly displacing thousands of people. Before serving jail time for those crimes, he was extradited from Colombia to the United States.
In the U.S. federal drug case against Giraldo Serna, Henríquez's family wanted to be declared as victims of the drug conspiracy, which would allow them to participate in the case under the federal Crime Victims' Rights Act. Enacted in 2004, the law ensures certain rights to victims—including the right to testify at sentencing, meet with prosecutors, and seek restitution.
New hope for victims' families
With this week's ruling by U.S. District Court Judge Reggie Walton, Henríquez's widow and daughter are cleared to testify at Giraldo Serna's sentencing hearing on May 14. "The trial court ruling has persuasive value and this decision expands the universe of what is possible," Altholz said.
Walton initially ruled against the family in August 2015, stating that the circumstances of Henríquez's death were too removed from Giraldo Serna's drug conspiracy. Altholz's legal team appealed, however, and convinced the U.S. Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit that Walton was too restrictive in his application of the Crime Victims' Rights Act. In reviewing the case under a broader standard, Walton ruled in favor of granting the family victim status.
The U.S. Department of Justice (DOJ) opposed the family's request for victim status—which still baffles Altholz. "There is no question that Giraldo Serna used violence and force to further the drug conspiracy," she said. "Yet, the department claimed we had not proven that the victim was killed because of the conspiracy. The judge disagreed."
Clinic students have worked under Altholz's supervision on this matter since 2010, when they released a revealing report about the extent of human rights transgressions committed by Colombian warlords extradited to the United States. Last semester, students Lydia Sinkus '17 and Natalie Schultheis '17 worked on a sentencing submission for the case. It provides a fuller accounting of Giraldo Serna's extensive criminal history in Colombia than what the DOJ appears to have made available, and describes the harm suffered by the Henríquez family.
"Our clients will be the first Colombian victims heard by any U.S. judge about the human consequences of drug conspiracies," Altholz said. "They're eager to find out what impact their participation will have at sentencing, and they're optimistic about the opportunities this decision creates."
Subminimum Wage Violates International Human Rights Standards
February 9, 2016–Human rights experts and advocates have struck another blow against subminimum wages. A new report, Working Below the Line, claims the U.S. is violating international human rights standards in its treatment of tipped restaurant workers, most of whom live in abject poverty.
The report is a co-production of Berkeley Law's International Human Rights Law Clinic (IHRLC), the UC Berkeley Food Labor Research Center and Restaurant Opportunities Centers United (ROC-United).
The criticism of subminimum wages is not new—momentum has been building in the U.S. to stop the "race to the bottom" for tipped workers. But this report, first released in December 2015 on International Human Rights Day, shines a new and troubling light on the issue.
At a packed law school event last week, the report's co-authors cited numerous U.S. breaches of international agreements designed to protect workers' access to a living wage, along with basic needs such as food, healthcare and housing. The U.S. is a signatory to most of these accords, but has not ratified all of them, which means they're not legally binding.
The failure to abide by these international standards, while keeping subminimum wage laws intact, "exposes the gap between our democratic values and what our laws and regulations actually do in practice," said Clinical Professor Laurel Fletcher, director of IHRLC.
In the restaurant industry, tipped servers earning subminimum wages live in poverty at nearly three times the rate of the total employed U.S. population, according to the report. Women and people of color are at the bottom of the wage tier, while workers of color experience poverty at nearly twice the rate of white restaurant workers.
"Minimum wage laws need to be adequate. It's not what the market will bear. It's not how far you can oppress workers who are desperate for a job so that they will accept any amount of wage. It's actually an affirmative obligation to say that minimum wages need to be sufficient so that people can live a life with dignity," Fletcher said.
Wage theft
Tipping originated in Europe, and Americans soon mimicked the practice. But the Europeans eventually put a stop to it, seeing it as degrading and economically unfair. Although a powerful anti-tipping movement emerged in the U.S. in the late 1800s, it collapsed as the practice gained legal ground.
Federal law sets the minimum wage at $7.25 per hour. Tipped restaurant workers earn a subminimum wage of a mere $2.13 per hour. If the hourly wage plus tips doesn't amount to the minimum, the law requires employers to pay the difference.
But tipped workers say many restaurants often fail to pay them fully and fairly. This "wage theft" occurs when an employer refuses to pay overtime, poaches tips, illegally deducts fees from paychecks, and so on. The result is "a huge and profound wage inequality," said report contributor Evelyn Rangel-Medina '16.
In the report, workers tell stories of scarcity, hunger, and desperation: dumpster-diving for food, unpaid sick days, sexual harassment and intimidation, and more.
"I sacrifice eating the way that I should so my daughter can have everything that she needs. … And I make sure she's taken care of before I make sure that I am taken care of."
25-year-old, white female bartender in Houston, TX.
"They physically have to see you, in a sick state. … It's like you literally have to get up out of your sick day to go show your face because they won't believe you."
31-year-old, black female server in Troy, MI.
"I didn't have very much money for food. You know how places throw away their food … like a pizza when no one picks it up. … I went over there, basically taking [food] from the trash."
27-year old, white male server in Boston, MA.
Real-world consequences
One of the leading opponents of the subminimum wage is Saru Jayaraman, co-founder and co-director of the Food Labor Research Center and director of ROC-United. In a New York Times op-ed, she writes that tipping has created an unfair "two-tiered wage system with deep social and economic consequences for millions." A 2013 ROC-United study found that restaurant servers living on tips and subminimum wages depend on food stamps at about twice the rate of the U.S. workforce.
Jayaraman is now pushing a "One Fair Wage" campaign in statehouses across the country, asking lawmakers to require restaurants to pay all employees at least the regular minimum wage. And the drumbeat is growing louder. Twenty-nine states and Washington, D.C. have hiked their minimum wages above the federal minimum, up to $10 per hour. Several cities have gone even further, including Los Angeles and San Francisco, which are gradually phasing in a $15 minimum wage.
For Rangel-Medina, the clinical work in collaboration with ROC-United offered the chance to "connect my legal education to impacting the people that I care about the most," she said. "Transforming the restaurant industry can create a model in how we approach other sectors in the American economy to actually end the exploitation" of low-wage workers.
Legal remedies
The report recommends a number of steps policymakers can take to align restaurant working conditions with international human rights standards. On the federal level, these include:
- Supporting the Raise the Wage Act and the Pay Workers a Living Wage Act to increase the federal minimum wage and eliminate the subminimum wage for tipped workers;
- Strengthening anti-sexual harassment employment laws and enforcement efforts;
- Supporting the Schedules that Work Act to prevent arbitrary scheduling that can be used to punish workers; and
- Supporting the Healthy Families Act (earned sick days) and the Family and Medical Insurance Leave Act (paid leave).
For state and local policymakers, the authors similarly recommend raising the minimum wage and eliminating the tipped minimum wage, establishing earned sick days and fair scheduling policies, and strengthening protections against sexual harassment and other abuses.
To read the full report with a description of the applicable international human rights conventions, go here.
New Report Faults India's Response to Sexual Violence Against Women
By Susan Gluss
November 4, 2015–In India, female victims of sexual violence during social unrest, no matter how heinous the crime, have little chance of redress. Nearly all institutions, politicians, and state officials thwart their efforts, according to a new report. Access to Justice for Women: India's Response to Sexual Violence in Conflict and Social Upheaval looks at India's failed responses to these women and calls for corrective action and legal reforms.
The report is a collaboration between Berkeley Law's International Human Rights Law Clinic (IHRLC) and the Armed Conflict Resolution and People's Rights Project (ACRes) at the Haas School of Business (now the Political Conflict, Gender and People's Rights Project). Although the report focuses on female victims in India, the authors note that sexual attacks are perpetrated against the country's other vulnerable groups.
Despite calls for reform after the 2012 Delhi gang rape and murder of a young female student that outraged the global community, sexual violence remains widespread across troubled areas of India. The underlying causes are complex, but stem, in part, from the 1947 partition of India and Pakistan that exacerbated conflicts between Hindu and Muslim communities—and inflamed deeply rooted cultural and political tensions.
Access to Justice examines four emblematic cases of sexual attacks: two occurred in the states of Punjab and Jammu & Kashmir; two others during mob violence in Gujarat and Odisha.
The sexual crimes are "gruesome," said co-author Roxanna Altholz '99, IHRLC's associate director, at a recent panel event to launch the report. "One instinct is to turn away," she said, but implored the audience to continue to "listen to the voices of these women," and to recognize their courage and resilience.
Sexual brutality against women can take many forms, including rape, sexual slavery, honor killings, and more, said Laurel Fletcher, director of the law clinic and report co-author. "But what's common across these crimes," she said, is "the failure of the state to protect women and to provide survivors access to justice."
"Justice for these crimes is the exception and not the rule," Fletcher added.
The four selected cases involve different national and local minority communities, different forms of sexual violence and perpetrators, and different political contexts. Despite these differences, the report reveals a common theme: the Indian justice system failed to investigate, prosecute, and punish the perpetrators—and failed to provide effective redress for victims.
Altholz described one case of a woman abducted by police in Punjab, beaten and raped in jail, and then threatened with retaliation if she reported the crime. The woman asked police to investigate, but they refused to take action. She sought help at a local hospital, but doctors rebuffed her. She wrote letters to a local judge until authorities finally agreed to try the case. It took 14 years for a conviction affirmed on appeal after 80 court hearings in total. And this case is atypical because the perpetrators served time in jail. Most go free, according to the report, with a slap on the wrist.
"For an illiterate village woman to try to get a complaint before a judge is a really Herculean task," Altholz said.
Impunity is the norm
"Impunity is the result of state action and inaction across institutions and professions: police officers, military personnel, doctors, lawyers, prosecutors, investigators, and judges," Altholz said. Perpetrators are rarely held accountable, she added, whether due to a code of silence, fear of retaliation, lax laws, or lack of political will.
Clinic alumna Mallika Kaur '09, a director of programs for the Center for Social Sector Leadership at Haas and report co-author, underscored the need for legal reform in India. "It's not just to enable people to live without terror, but to enable them to live on their own terms," she said. "This is not too tall an order for democracy."
The co-authors examined obstacles to effective investigation, prosecution, and reparation of sexual crimes and recommended a number of reforms. The first one "really appeals to common sense," Altholz said: redefine rape as a crime of violence in India. "It's now defined as a crime against modesty, so the emphasis is placed on the woman's consent, not the use of force and coercion," she said.
Other recommendations include sanctions against public officials who obstruct investigations, witness-victim protection programs, and independent and impartial tribunals.
The study of sexual violence as a tool of war is a fast-growing area of expertise for IHRLC. Multiple teams of clinic students have worked on related projects over the last few years, which helped build a foundation for this project, Fletcher said.
Other panelists at the event included Angana Chatterji and Shashi Buluswar, co-chairs of ACRes. Along with Kaur, they co-edited and released a related work, Conflicted Democracies and Gendered Violence: The Right to Heal. Both publications will be distributed to local, national, and international institutions and libraries specializing in law, human rights, social sciences, and South Asia studies, Kaur said.
Border Patrol: Clinic Provides Legal Roadmap for Families of Those Killed by Federal Agents
By Andrew Cohen
September 2, 2015–Since 2010, United States Customs and Border Protection (CBP) agents have killed at least 40 people along the U.S.-Mexico border. Despite claims that unlawful use of deadly force caused many of the killings, efforts to gain redress through the legal system have largely proven futile.
That's why Alliance San Diego founding executive director Andrea Guerrero '99 contacted her Berkeley Law classmate—International Human Rights Law Clinic (IHRLC) Associate Director Roxanna Altholz '99—to help untangle the legal complexities for those pursuing justice.
"We're facing different kinds of law in multiple jurisdictions along the border," Guerrero said. "Federal law, civil law, criminal law, international law—there are many permutations for what victims' family members can do. I already knew about the clinic's amazing work and Roxanna's experience in international courts, so I contacted her to see if she could help."
The result of their collaboration is a new report that identifies the remedies available—in the U.S. and Mexico—and provides a needed legal roadmap. It will be an instructive guide for the Southern Border Communities Coalition, a group of 60-plus organizations from California to Texas co-chaired by Guerrero.
The nation's largest law enforcement agency, CBP is authorized to apprehend people suspected of violating immigration laws—which are civil laws, not criminal laws—within 100 miles of the border. Since 9/11, Congress has more than doubled its budget and increased its access to surveillance equipment, weaponry, and technology. While a few cases of CBP killings have settled, no plaintiff has won a wrongful death case against a border agent in civil court.
"It's important for advocates, victims, and litigators to understand the legal landscape," Altholz said. "Prosecutors haven't charged a single agent in one of these incidents in five years although the victims include some U.S. citizens, several minors, people shot in the back, and people shot in vehicles driving away. A border patrol agent shot one victim, a 16-year-old boy walking on a street in Mexico parallel to the border fence, several times in the back."
Co-written by recent IHRLC student Yasmin Emrani '15, the report probes three main scenarios: foreign nationals killed in Mexico, foreign nationals killed in the U.S., and American citizens killed in the U.S. It also analyzes trends in civil and criminal cases in the U.S. and Mexico.
"These agents have used force against people in unwarranted ways with no accountability," Emrani said. "We gathered all the cases, looked at all the claims raised, tracked how each case moved through the courts, and produced a big-picture analysis. It's a flow chart of sorts to determine the best legal strategy depending on the variables involved."
An uphill fight
Over the years, victims' relatives have struggled to gain information about the circumstances of killings and the identities of those responsible. They seek accountability through criminal investigation and prosecution, economic compensation, and policy reforms to prevent future killings.
"In the 100-year history of our border patrol agency, no agent has ever been successfully tried or held accountable in a court of law," said Guerrero. "This should worry all of us if the largest law enforcement agency in the country is acting with impunity."
U.S. courts routinely dismiss civil lawsuits, ruling that the agent's actions constituted a reasonable use of force or an act of self-defense. They have also used legal doctrines such as sovereign immunity and extra-territoriality to quash legal claims.
"If a private citizen shot a Mexican minor standing on Mexican territory, that person would be held to account," Altholz said. "But a federal officer who does the same thing is not. CBP describes itself as a paramilitary organization. They've refused to wear body cameras while many local police do. They've also refused to release the names of agents involved in these killings, though local law enforcement does that as policy. It's time to level the playing field."
With the recent national firestorm surrounding police violence against people of color, there is mounting legal pressure to hold CBP agents accountable. The U.S. Supreme Court is considering hearing a case about the death of Sergio Adrian Hernández Guereco, a Mexican teenager killed in Mexico by a CBP agent shooting across the border. Investigations prompted by the Obama Administration, members of Congress, and border community advocates also triggered a new CBP use of force policy—and the first publication of such a policy—last year.
"That was a major accomplishment," Emrani said. "Under the old policy, agents could use deadly force against people throwing rocks across the border or unarmed occupants of moving vehicles, but no longer."
The report uses civil and criminal court records, legal scholarship, and reports by government agencies, media, and advocacy groups. It also explores the basis for filing legal actions in both the U.S. and Mexico and assesses the likelihood for success.
"This will empower families and advocates to negotiate with prosecutors and open up new avenues in the international courts," Guerrero said. "The report is a game changer for us and arms families with information that's critical to their ability to seek justice."
The Dominican Republic Must Stop Expulsions of Haitians
July 5, 2015–A HUMAN rights crisis is unfolding on the island of Hispaniola, which is shared by the Dominican Republic and Haiti.
The Dominican Republic is threatening to drive out hundreds of thousands of Haitians who live and work in the Dominican Republic. Many of them came to work in the sugar, construction and tourism industries.
Recently, the Dominican Republic demanded that they come forward and register for legal residency or be forced to return to Haiti. Of an estimated 450,000 Haitian migrants in the country, some 290,000 filed by the deadline to register, June 17 (which reportedly has been extended). But so far, less than 2 percent of them have been granted legal status. Although the country's threat to deport Haitians en masse hasn't yet materialized, many workers have already fled to Haiti; the Dominican Republic recently put the number at about 30,000.
These migrants are not the only ones who face an uncertain future in the Dominican Republic.
Tens of thousands of Dominican citizens of Haitian descent, whose parents or grandparents had crossed the border for economic opportunities, live in legal limbo. Until 2010, the Constitution ostensibly granted citizenship to anyone born in the country. But many Dominicans were excluded because their parents were deemed to have been "in transit" at the time of their birth. Moreover, the authorities routinely denied papers and ID cards to Dominicans of Haitian descent without justification, often on the basis of their French or Creole surnames or their skin complexion. As a result, these people — along with Haitian migrant workers — have lived in constant fear of arbitrary expulsion to Haiti.
The government has denied that it discriminates against Haitian migrants or Dominicans of Haitian descent. It even says that the recent registration process was a success. These claims are not to be believed.
Over 10 years ago, on behalf of two girls of Haitian descent, we sued the Dominican Republic in the Inter-American Court of Human Rights, challenging the onerous and expensive requirements Haitian parents who sought to obtain birth certificates for their Dominican-born children faced. Without these papers, the children couldn't attend public school, marry, own property or vote.
In 2005, the court ordered the Dominican government to recognize the nationality of these children and to seek out and issue birth certificates to all such children. But the country has barely complied.
Almost immediately after the decision, a small group of racist, ultranationalist politicians orchestrated an aggressive campaign against the ruling. The legislature amended the Constitution in 2010 to exclude children of undocumented migrants from citizenship. A court retroactively stripped citizenship from people of Haitian descent, going back to the 1930s.
After an outcry, the government backtracked. To save face, it created a plan to restore citizenship to those who had been stripped of it, and to gradually legalize Haitian migrants who had made their lives in the Dominican Republic.
But then the government sabotaged its own plan by demanding that poor migrants — who might earn under $11 a day in the informal economy — furnish documents like pay stubs, letters of employment or proof of homeownership in order to obtain residency papers.
Dominican Republic has a long, brutal history of mass expulsions of Haitians. In 1937, the dictator Rafael Trujillo ordered the massacre of tens of thousands of them. The word in Santo Domingo now is that the government is about to deport Haitians — and those who look Haitian — en masse. Past roundups have been conducted under the cover of night. People were thrust out of their beds, without time to collect their belongings or show what papers they had. Parents were separated from their children, wives from their husbands, citizens from their homeland.
Yes, the Dominican Republic is a developing country, and not the only nation that mistreats migrants and stateless people. But for decades, Haitians and their progeny have served as a scapegoat for Dominican politicians who blame them for poverty, disease and crime.
The Dominican Republic should put a halt to the sporadic roundups and summary expulsions. If it doesn't, the international community must step in.
The United Nations and the Organization of American States should request that international monitors be stationed along the border and in detention centers to deter human rights abuses. If the Dominicans balk, they should be shunned at international forums. The United States, which gave about $30 million in aid to the Dominican Republic in 2012, must help prevent a humanitarian disaster.
New IHRLC Report Highlights Challenges for Undocumented Students at UC Berkeley
May 6, 2015 – Hunger, fear of deportation, and ineligibility for federal student loans are not the typical concerns of U.S. college students. But these complex issues shape the experience of undocumented students at UC Berkeley, according to a new International Human Rights Law Clinic (IHRLC) report. The study, DREAMers at Cal: The Impact of Immigration Status on Undocumented Students at the University of California at Berkeley provides data and recommendations to university, state, and federal officials seeking to support the success of undocumented students in higher education.
Based on surveys and interviews conducted with undocumented students on the UC Berkeley campus, the report explores how undocumented status impacts students' path to higher education, university experience, and plans for the future. IHRLC conducted the study after establishing the nation's first on-campus legal support program for undocumented students in 2012. IHRLC Clinical Instructor Allison Davenport directed the research project and oversees UC Berkeley's legal program, which has served over 250 undocumented students. IHRLC alumni Habiba Simjee '14 and Genna Beier '14 were critical members of the research team.
Who are the DREAMers?
Among the estimated 11.5 million undocumented immigrants living in the U.S. is a generation of young immigrants educated in the United States. Over a quarter of undocumented youth in the nation reside in California and it is estimated that over 2,000 undocumented undergraduate and graduate students are currently enrolled in the University of California system. These young undocumented immigrants, known as DREAMers, have become not only more visible on college campuses but in the national debate on immigration reform.
Navigating Higher Education
The report identifies barriers to higher education arising from undocumented status. Undocumented students are ineligible for federal financial aid despite their financial need. Nearly all students in the study (94%) reported annual family incomes of less than $50,000 with the vast majority of households (88%) living below 150% of the federal poverty level.
Despite recent efforts to provide more financial aid, the study's findings reveal the precarious situation of undocumented students on campus. Nearly three-quarters of students (73%) reported skipping meals or reducing the size of their meals while studying at UC Berkeley. Almost a quarter (21%) of students reported a period of homelessness or lack of stable housing during the time they have been enrolled at the university. Among the report's recommendations are to extend access to federal financial aid for undocumented students and expand the eligibility criteria and pool of resources available in California.
UC DREAMers and their Families
Nearly all students in the study came to the U.S. more than a decade ago when most were under the age of 12. Most students belong to mixed status families which means, according to Davenport that "Family members living under the same roof live very different lives due to immigration status. One sibling may enjoy full citizenship while another lives in constant fear of deportation." Over half (57%) of the undocumented students surveyed indicated they have a sibling with lawful permanent status or U.S. citizenship, slightly more (59%) have an undocumented sibling, and several reported the deportation of a close relative.
A shift in the legal landscape came in 2012, when the Obama administration announced the Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (DACA) program, which provides temporary permission to live and work in the U.S. to certain eligible young immigrants. The overwhelming majority of research participants qualified for DACA. "DACA has provided stability and new opportunities to so many Cal students," said Davenport, "But its future is uncertain and those students who do not qualify for the program continue to live without legal protection and permission to work."
The report examines the central role of family for undocumented UC Berkeley students and how concern for family shapes their decisions. "DACA is a welcome change" noted Davenport, "but there is no peace of mind for these students until their parents and siblings have legal protection."


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Executive branch: chief of state: President Vladimir Vladimirovich PUTIN (since 7 May 2012)
head of government: Premier Dmitriy Anatolyevich MEDVEDEV (since 8 May 2012); First Deputy Premier Igor Ivanovich SHUVALOV (since 12 May 2008); Deputy Premiers Arkadiy Vladimirovich DVORKOVICH (since 21 May 2012), Olga Yuryevna GOLODETS (since 21 May 2012), Aleksandr Gennadiyevich KHLOPONIN (since 19 January 2010), Dmitriy Nikolayevich KOZAK (since 14 October 2008), Dmitriy Olegovich ROGOZIN (since 23 December 2011), Sergey Eduardovich PRIKHODKO (since 22 May 2013), Yuriy Petrovich TRUTNEV (since 31 August 2013)
cabinet: the "Government" is composed of the premier, his deputies, and ministers; all are appointed by the president, and the premier is also confirmed by the Duma
note: there is also a Presidential Administration (PA) that provides staff and policy support to the president, drafts presidential decrees, and coordinates policy among government agencies; a Security Council also reports directly to the president
elections: president elected by popular vote for a six-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 4 March 2012 (next to be held in March 2018); note - the term length was extended from four to six years in late 2008, effective after the 2012 election; there is no vice president; if the president dies in office, cannot exercise his powers because of ill health, is impeached, or resigns, the premier serves as acting president until a new presidential election is held, which must be within three months; premier appointed by the president with the approval of the Duma
election results: Vladimir PUTIN elected president; percent of vote - Vladimir PUTIN 63.6%, Gennadiy ZYUGANOV 17.2%, Mikhail PROKHOROV 8%, Vladimir ZHIRINOVSKIY 6.2%, Sergey MIRONOV 3.9%, other 1.1%; Dmitriy MEDVEDEV approved as premier by Duma; vote - 299 to 144
Definition: This entry includes several subfields. Chief of state includes the name and title of the titular leader of the country who represents the state at official and ceremonial functions but may not be involved with the day-to-day activities of the government. Head of government includes the name and title of the top administrative leader who is designated to manage the day-to-day activities of the government. For example, in the UK, the monarch is the chief of state, and the prime minister is the head of government. In the US, the president is both the chief of state and the head of government. Cabinet includes the official name for this body of high-ranking advisers and the method for selection of members. Elections includes the nature of election process or accession to power, date of the last election, and date of the next election. Election results includes the percent of vote for each candidate in the last election.
Source: CIA World Factbook - This page was last updated on June 30, 2015See Also


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on 2011-01-05 16:57:32Cavallo Nero 370 Wilson Street East, Ancaster, ON
on 2011-01-05 16:56:36Cavallo Nero 370 Wilson Street East, Ancaster, ON
on 2011-01-05 10:32:31Cavallo Nero 370 Wilson Street East, Ancaster, ON
on 2010-12-20 14:43:29Cavallo Nero 370 Wilson Street East, Ancaster, ON
on 2010-12-20 14:41:05Cavallo Nero 370 Wilson Street East, Ancaster, ON
on 2010-12-20 14:36:07Cavallo Nero 370 Wilson Street East, Ancaster, ON
New to the village of Ancaster; Cavallo Nero offers casual dining with a flair, Serving homemade cuisine prepared fresh everyday.
Sent on the 10th of November, 2014
Frequently Asked Questions:
This is a list of typical questions we have received on our contact page.
Q. What is this web page?
A. This is the food page of Cavallo Nero on 370 Wilson Street East Ancaster.
Q. How does it work?
A. Restaurant staff logs in to edit this page or respond to visitors' reviews. Visitors do not have to log in to write reviews. Optionally they can personalize their food pages, however the default visitor profile is anonymous.
Q. You have a visitor counter. Do you track your web page visitors?
No personally identifiable information about you is stored at foodpages. Unless you have logged in and set your user name, your reviews will be signed by an anonymous nickname 6691st. This word links your visitor number to the time of your visit.
As of today, 6691 visitors have visited this page. You are the 6691st.
Q. How long has cavallonero.foodpages.ca been around?
For quite some time. It got its first review on June 26, 2010 and was last updated on July 1, 2015.
Q. Does Cavallo Nero pay a fee to be listed here?
A. No. This service is free, and it will always be.
Q. How do you ensure that this information is correct?
Visitors suggest corrections, and Cavallo Nero representatives who have the option of claiming this page.
Q. How do you rank Restaurants?
We rank Restaurants by first grouping them together by proximity, then analyzing their ratings, reviews and comments. Cavallo Nero is currently ranked number 7 of 30 nearby Restaurants in Ainslie Wood West Ancaster.
Q. What if someone submits an "abusive" review?
A. We moderate all reviews. Only constructive criticism or various amounts of praise are allowed.
If we've missed something, let us know.
If you have another question send it here.
Safeway Food & Drug697 BERNARD AVE, Kelowna, BC
Awards: People's Choice Winner, 2014
Restaurants near L9G4S4


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International Journal of Language & Communication Disorders
© Royal College of Speech and Language Therapists
Edited By: Steven Bloch and Cristina McKean
Impact Factor: 1.798
ISI Journal Citation Reports © Ranking: 2015: 9/25 (Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology); 11/71 (Rehabilitation (Social Science)); 13/179 (Linguistics); 20/65 (Rehabilitation)
Online ISSN: 1460-6984
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We are delighted to welcome on board Dr. Cristina McKean as an Editor of IJLCD. Cristina is a Lecturer at Newcastle University and a Speech and Language Therapist.
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Click here to view the most-accessed International Journal of Language and Communication Disorders articles.
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Living Life with a Communication Disorder
Communication disorders are wide ranging and extend across the entire lifespan. However, research into speech and language impairment has only recently started to focus on the impact of these for individuals and their families. Living life with a communication disorder is never straightforward, and we hope that this issue brings together and highlights some of the leading work in this area.
The King's Speech and Stuttering Research
Stuttering was a much talked about issue in 2011, largely due to the huge success of the film 'The King's Speech'. Inspired by this film, the editors of IJLCD put together a selection of recent IJLCD articles on the theme of stuttering. They chose only recent studies and aimed for articles that highlight the richness of stuttering research that takes place around the world.
IJLCD Author Guidelines
Each year, towards the end of the autumn term, the department of Language and Communication Science at City University London, hosts a lecture by a leader in the field of language and communication disorders, sponsored by IJLCD. A paper based on this lecture is then submitted for publication in IJLCD.
Click here for further information.
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IJLCD is the RCSLT's widely-respected international research journal. Find out more about the RCSLT – the services they provide, the campaign work they do with governments and partner organisations and their activities with educators.


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I love this look, you look so stylish and cosy!!
Nice pics.You are looking cool & stylish in these pics. This is my kind of blog – insightful and well written. Thanks for posting.
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On Tuesday, March 13, at 4 p.m. EST, the feeding frenzy known as the NFL free-agent signing period begins, and football fans everywhere will be constantly checking their computers, phones, televisions and tablets to see who has signed where.
For the Minnesota Vikings, like every team in the league, this period can bring both good news and bad news. It's a chance to make your football team a lot better in a short time, but teams must keep in mind that nothing about it is free.
On the one hand, signing on new players is exciting and brings with it the hope of an improved roster, but in the blink of an eye, teams can also suffer the gut punch of losing a player they thought they would certainly re-sign.
For the Vikings, the 2012 free agency period should be a lot more encouraging than discouraging. None of their free agents would be crucial losses, and anyone they sign on would almost certainly be an upgrade over what they had during the 2011 season.
The Vikings opened up a lot of cap room on their roster Saturday by cutting loose veterans Steve Hutchinson, Anthony Herrera and Cedric Griffin, clearing up over $14 million in salary and leaving the team more than $20 million under the expected salary cap for 2012.
With that in mind, here's a look at some of the top free agents the Vikings should go after starting Tuesday afternoon.


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Photos: Felix Verdejo Continues Hard Work in Macau
Macau, China --- Undefeated Jr. Lightweight sensation Felix Verdejo of Puerto Rico gets ready to work out in preparation for his upcoming feature fight on the undercard of Manny Pacquiao vs Brandon Rios. Verdejo will face Thailand's Petchsamuthr Duanaaymukdahan on the broadcast. Pacquiao vs Rios will battle at The Venetian Macao Resort in Macau,China and will be televised live in the US, Saturday, Nov. 23, 9pm ET/6pm PT on HBO Pay-Per-View. --- Photos by Chris Farina/Top Rank.
War Verdejo!! Future champ.Comment by Da Boxer on 11-19-2013
Heck yeah! Kid is down to earth and has a great future! I saw his interview last night on ESPN "A Golpes" not ****y at all and just a great kid. War Verdejo! Guerra Diamante!!!Comment by Golovkin on 11-19-2013
Damn, I wish I knew Verdejo since he is still at a reachable point in his career so he could get me one of those chinese version Pacquiao-Rios posters. In fact, if anyone here is from China and can get…Comment by whitealltrac on 11-19-2013
I met this kid here at the Sands Casino Bethlehem, Pa. I took a few pics with him and he is great guy, very humble. I say he has a great future in front of him if they don't rush…Comment by AnimalisticMeth on 11-19-2013
I have high hopes for this kid and I like what Top Rank is doing by keeping busy. If everything goes well he will end the year 10-0 and another busy year in 2014 will have him 20-0 @21 years…Post a Comment - View More User Comments (7)


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Welcome to Bletchingdon Parochial C of E School
21/9/2016 - Robin Class Family Lunch
28/9/2016 - Woodpecker Class Family Lunch
Admission Policy 2017-18 Please go to 'Parents' then 'Admissions'
"Learn to Believe – Aspire to Achieve"
"At Bletchingdon Parochial CE (VA) Primary School we believe that everyone will reach
their true potential. Through supportive, yet challenging teaching, we inspire our children to learn through our Christian Values."
Bletchingdon Parochial CE Primary School provides a caring and supportive environment, where all children are motivated to achieve their full potential. We are proud to be an integral part of the community – past, present and future; where we combine long standing traditions with a forward looking approach to education.
The school aims to create a constructive and positive environment where both effort and achievement are recognised, nurtured and celebrated and where every child is valued as a child of God. Members of staff across the school offer the children a broad, varied and meaningful education with a strong emphasis on developing the core skills of reading, writing, mathematics, science and computing alongside a wide range of learning opportunities and experiences designed to develop well-rounded members of society. Imaginative and effective teaching generate high aspirations so that all children excel in their academic and social and emotional development – we are ambitious for the children and their achievements in all aspects of their learning
With just over 80 children spread across our Early Years Foundation Stage, Infant and Junior classes, we benefit from the virtues of a small church school, able to focus on the uniqueness of each child and the individual needs of each family.
Throughout the time your child is with us, we acknowledge and respect individuality, we listen and work with parents and are committed to being part of the local community. We have high expectations and seek to develop in all our children a strong sense of responsibility for their behaviour, and a respect for others.
We look forward to working together with you in helping your child to develop intellectually, socially and emotionally during these very important years. We hope that you will support us to achieve our aims by becoming part of the life of our school.
Please do call us to make an appointment. We very much look forward to meeting you.
Louise Hatton


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Top Definition
The stop sign game is a game where people are in a car driving around, and when you see a stop sign, you must touch the top of the car. Last person to touch has to take off an article of clothing. Shoes are automatically off, and both socks count if you are wearing them. Usually played in the dark. First person with everything off loses.
"Hey you wanna go play the stop sign game?"
"Yeah as long as we get that hot girl to lose everytime!"
"Yeah as long as we get that hot girl to lose everytime!"
מאת Kallie Rae 9 באוקטובר, 2007
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Paris, December 10 {No98-273} - Michael Kirby, a judge of the High Court of Australia, was today named by UNESCO Director-General Federico Mayor as laureate of the 1998 UNESCO Prize for Human Rights Education. An international jury responsible for the prize also awarded honourable mentions to Chilean Jaime Castillo Velasco and the Raoul Wallenberg Institute of Human Rights and Humanitarian Law (Sweden).
In awarding the prize to Justice Kirby, the jury said it wanted to recognise "his significant contribution to the teaching of the principles of human rights within his profession and beyond, in Australia and a number of other countries". The 59-year-old was the first Chairman of the Australian Law Reform Commission. He also chaired a group of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development on privacy protection, and sat on commissions for the World Health Organization (the social, legal and ethical implications of AIDS) and the International Labour Organization (labour laws in post-apartheid South Africa). Between 1993 and 1996, Mr Kirby was special representative of the Secretary-General of the United Nations for Human Rights in Cambodia. A member of the UNESCO International Bioethics Committee in 1996 and 1997, he has been involved in numerous UNESCO human rights projects.
Chilean lawyer Jaime Castillo Velasco, 84, was twice expelled from his native country by the government of General Augusto Pinochet. A former head of the Christian Democrat party, he held ministerial posts and was the founder of the Latin American Human Rights Secretariat. He represented a number of Chileans facing persecution and successfully conducted the prosecution of officers from the DINA secret service on charges of murder and human rights violations.
The Raoul Wallenberg Institute of Human Rights and Humanitarian Law works in collaboration with the University of Lund, Sweden. Since being founded in 1984 it has maintained a specialised research library covering international law and human rights, as well as offering seminars, colloquies and research and teaching posts.
The UNESCO Prize for Human Rights Education was created in 1978. It aims to encourage and pay tribute to an institution, organisation or person which has carried out significant activities in the area of human rights education. The US $10,000 prize is awarded every two years. The most recent winners have been Czech President Vaclav Havel in 1990; the Tunis-based Arab Institute for Human Rights, in 1992; the Philippine Commission on Human Rights and the Chilean academic Jose Zalaquett Daher in 1994; and in 1996 the Former President of Haiti, Jean Bertrand Aristide.