text: I iordered Home security system last night. Sales Rep and Tech here 2 hrs. Told them time was up I had to leave and rescheduled today. They are on their way but I wont be here to let them in. They can't bill me and the order will be cancelled tomorrow, after i reschedule and cancel again. 1000's are doing the same thing as part of our American Left Group. Looking to bleed the Cons dry

subset: commoncrawl


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Simple Definition of suburbia
: suburbs in general; also : people who live in suburbs
Examples of suburbia in a sentence
a problem that is common in suburbia
the percentage of the country's population living in suburbia
The film is an interesting critique of suburbia.
Origin and Etymology of suburbia
New Latin, from English suburb
First Known Use: 1895
Learn More about suburbia
Thesaurus: All synonyms and antonyms for suburbia
Seen and Heard
What made you want to look up suburbia? Please tell us where you read or heard it (including the quote, if possible).


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Bill Majer, of Upper Roxborough, couldn't walk 100 yards without chest pain when he started a little-used treatment for chronic angina.
For seven weeks, an hour each weekday, Majer's lower body was strapped into oversize blood-pressure cuffs that squeezed in concert with his heartbeat. The cuffs pushed blood toward his troubled ticker like a plunger working a clogged drain, aimed at forging new pathways around blocked arteries.
A few weeks in, Majer spent a pain-free night ballroom dancing with his wife. Ten years and two more series of treatments later, he dances almost weekly, plays tennis regularly and has become an EECP evangelist.


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- Police/Fire/Courts
- Business
- Local
- State/Northeast
- Nation/World
- 2016 Elections
- 2016 Lunch Debates
- Special Reports
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Hartford - A combination of Percocet, Oxycontin, Vicodin and a number of other drugs made Robert Specht of Hamden a "puddle" in bed for five years. He had been prescribed the narcotics to help recover from a foot surgery.
But it wasn't until he got off the narcotics and began using cannabis, or marijuana, that he could once again function.
On Monday, Specht told members of the General Assembly's Finance, Revenue and Bonding Committee that he believes that pain should be added to the list of qualifying conditions for the state's medical marijuana program.
He was testifying in support of Senate Bill 1117, which proposes to include "pain that is treated by a pain management specialist" as one of the debilitating medical conditions that can be treated with medical marijuana. The bill also proposes taxing producers $250 for each pound of marijuana delivered to a dispensary.
Both supporters and opponents of the bill made passionate arguments about whether to include "pain" as a debilitating medical condition that deserved medical marijuana.
Guilford resident William Huhn said the proposal to include pain was being pushed by people who could make money selling marijuana.
"The proponents of this bill are urging you to share in the sleaze via taxes," Huhn said.
Karolin Regan, the program director for Guilford Youth and Family Services, said adding pain to the list would circumvent the process for adding "medical conditions" to those approved for medical marijuana use. Currently a medical condition includes diseases such as cancer, glaucoma, AIDS and Parkinson's disease, according to the bill.
"It sends the wrong message, making a mockery out of this bill and minimizing the importance of strict laws regarding medical marijuana in Connecticut," Regan said.
Regan said her organization works hard to change the culture of teen substance abuse. Since the legalization of medical marijuana last year, 35 percent of Guilford kids, grades 7 to 12, believe there was no risk or a slight risk from using marijuana regularly, she said. This figure increased from 22 percent in 2010.
Erik Williams, the president of The Connecticut Cannabis Business Alliance, said there is no clear pattern that medical marijuana leads to an increase in teen use.
He said he was advocating for those who were suffering and could benefit from medical marijuana. There are many ways to use marijuana today besides smoking it, he said, including creams and vaporizers.
Specht said he is suffering from four disabilities; his foot surgery, which causes pain to radiate up his leg; knee and hip injuries from a fall; and post traumatic stress disorder from dealing with the medical system.
He said he overdosed three times on the narcotics prescribed to him by a pain specialist.
"I will never take another narcotic again as long as I live," he said.
The only thing he has replaced the medicines with is cannabis, he said.
He told committee members that one day they might need to use cannabis.
"Be glad you had the opportunity to treat yourself or someone you love with compassion and not poison," Specht said.
Gray tasting freedom after long incarceration for New London shooting death
1 of 2 missing Connecticut boaters found alive, adrift in raft
Cries of "Somos New London" fill city streets at inaugural parade
Lyme-Old Lyme High School student charged with sending sexually explicit emails from teacher's account
UPDATED: 6 shot, 3 others hurt in Houston neighborhood; gunman dead
New London has 'action plan' to stem misbehavior of unsavory characters downtown
Gray tasting freedom after long incarceration for New London shooting death
UPDATED: Charlotte police footage shows shooting of black man


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It looks like you're new here. If you want to get involved, click one of these buttons!
Ball Ground, GA
ATL Sports Homer
Johnson, Navin R... Sounds like a typical bastard.
Belmont, NC
Rowlett, Texas
Griffin's Grub or you can find me on Facebook
The Supreme Potentate, Sovereign Commander and Sultan of Wings
LBGE,SBGE, and a Mini makes three......Sweet home Alabama........ Stay thirsty my friends .
Texarkana, TX
http://eggheadforum.com/discussion/comment/1376742Charlesmaneri said:CP92 can you please tell me what ABTs are I see it here all the time and dont know what it means
"Entrepreneurs are simply those who understand that there is little difference between obstacle and opportunity and are able to turn both to their advantage."
"Politics I supposed to be the second-oldest profession. I have come to realize that it bears a very close resemblance to the first." Ronald Reagan 2 March 1977
Boerne, TX


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BlackBerry woos urban youth with new range
By Sunitha Natti - HYDERABAD
Published: 23rd November 2013 11:01 AM
Last Updated: 23rd November 2013 11:20 AM
Notwithstanding the formidable competition from domestic handset makers like Micromax and Celkon and multinationals like Samsung and Nokia, smartphone producer BlackBerry India said it will service rural customers on a need-basis. For now, its mainstay will continue to be educated urban youth and enterprise segment.
According to CyberMedia Research, domestic companies enjoy nearly 47 per cent market share in the Indian smartphone category. Samsung leads the pack with 33.9 per cent market share followed by Gurgaon-based Micromax at 19.7% and Bangalore-based Karbonn at 9.5%.
"We are clear on our customer segment and would like to focus on building a retail experience to customers and not retail coverage...We have evolved from being an enterprise-only company to focus on urban youth...We will expand in rural areas if there's a consumer demand," Ashish Gupta, Director- Carrier Sales, BlackBerry India told Express.
The company's smartphone range was priced upwards `9,500 unlike home-grown companies, which start from `3,500. "We are not in the sub `4,000 range. As for smartphone sales, nearly 20 million units are sold every year and that's a sizeable number to address," he said.
Currently, BlackBerry India has presence in 75 cities and a retail network of more than 3,500 outlets. Besides, the company also retails through telecom operator-run outlets.
Meanwhile, to tap the youth segment, Gupta said BlackBerry has launched a slew of services including affordable data plans for OS device phones like Curve and Bold starting ` 129. And to engage youngsters to download BlackBerry Messenger (BBM), it introduced offers like a free cappuccino, branded swags like sling bags, t-shirts, sippers and key chains.
"For people looking at social messaging, the Curve series is a popular phone. And for those who want more features, there's the Q5. We define our audience as consumers relating as - Blackberry people,' who want to be socially connected and round the clock internet access to browse," he said.
Disclaimer: We respect your thoughts and views! But we need to be judicious while moderating your comments. All the comments will be moderated by the NIE editorial. Abstain from posting comments that are obscene, defamatory or inflammatory, and do not indulge in personal attacks. Try to avoid outside hyperlinks inside the comment. Help us delete comments that do not follow these guidelines.


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June 28th, 2008, 7:33 PM
If you were about to start your Journey the Professer (or anyone else) said you only can pick Pichu, Eevee,or Gible who would you pick? I would pick Eevee because its cute and awesome=) well anyways who would you pick?
View Full Version : Choose a Pokemon


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With the selection order starting to become more clear, anticipation for the 2011 NBA Draft is growing quickly.
There is a plethora of talent in this year's class, and many players could emerge as top-tier players over the next few seasons.
We are less than two weeks away from the NBA Draft Lottery and roughly a month and a half away from the actual NBA Draft.
How will the first round shape up? Here are my 2011 NBA Mock Draft predictions.


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Companies serving Sweden
Current filtering criteriaYou can remove a filter by clicking on the x
Employees number: Over 1000 ×
Industry: Energy - Waste to Energy ×
Serving: Europe ×
Serving: Sweden ×
Hill+Knowlton Strategies
based in Washington, DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA (USA)
H+K Strategies offers senior counsel, insightful research and strategic communications planning throughout the world. We have 83 offices in 46 countries, and our clients represent 46 of Interbrand`s 2010 Top 100 Global Brands. We view sustainability as a holistic approach that integrates environmental, social and governance (ESG) considerations into corporate strategy so ...
Clariant International Ltd.
based in Munich, GERMANY
Clariant Corporation, formerly Sud-Chemie, sells, manufactures, and develops catalyst technology for industrial exhaust gas treatment. This includes removal of VOC`s, HC`s and decomposition of nitrogen compounds. Clariant is an internationally active specialty chemical company, based in Muttenz near Basel. The group owns over 100 companies worldwide and employed 21 202 ...


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Philadelphia Housing Authority board member Nelson A. Diaz is resigning, citing a federal decision that he cannot serve unless his law firm stops doing PHA legal work.
In a letter to City Council President Darrell Clark, Diaz said he would leave the nine-member board April 1. He said he was being forced off by an unnamed person who complained to the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development about Dilworth, Paxton, Diaz's law firm, having contracts with PHA.
"Someone wants me off the board by seeking an excuse from HUD," Diaz said in the two-page letter, "and, trying not to embarrass anyone, I will resign."


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Wisconsin playwright's work performed at Republican Theater Festival
"Battle Hymn," a work by Wisconsin playwright Ludmilla Bollow, will be one of 10 plays performed at the Republican Theater Festival held in Philadelphia from Monday to Wednesday.
The play, which Bollow says was "based on an incident in Marshfield in 2000," follows what happened when a group sought to remove a statue of Jesus from a public parkway. The play has a fictional ending, says Bollow. »Read Full Article
Video: The Concert Corner - Previewing Imagine Dragons, Tame Impala and more
It's a busy weekend for shows in Milwaukee, with fast-rising alternative rock act Imagine Dragons at Eagles Ballroom and critically acclaimed psychedelic group Tame Impala at Turner Hall Sunday. Unfortunately both shows are already sold out. But in this week's Concert Corner video chat with CineStars' Brittany Umar, I talk about another promising show (actually, series of shows) happening Saturday--although the promoter told me that he's expecting all the tickets will be bought in advance.
The poetry of Kevin Giese's Winter Chapel
What a lovely and generous project. Every year, the Portrait Society Gallery commissions an artist-made winter chapel, a place for reflection and quietude during these months of harsh weather and inwardness in the Midwest. This year's chapel, one of my favorites, was created by Kevin Giese. It is so simple, constructed with a curved wall and hollow, hand-stitched birch trees.
Four Oscar-nominated films coming to Milwaukee
Of the five foreign-language Oscar nominees, only one - the winner, "Amour" - is showing locally, at the Downer Theatre, where it will continue at least through early March.
But the four other films have yet to play here. »Read Full Blog Post
Oscar ratings down locally
The 2013 Oscar telecast on ABC affiliate WISN-TV (Channel 12) earned a 25 rating among total households, down slightly from last year's 27 rating.
The ratings for the show, which officially lasted 3 hours and 37 minutes, peaked at 7:45 p.m. with a 28.2 rating but were otherwise remarkably steady through Ben Affleck picking up the best picture Oscar for "Argo." »Read Full Blog Post
Hispania, a Mexican fusion restaurant, planned for Delafield
A Mexican-fusion restaurant called Hispania is expected to open in May on Genesse St. in Delafield.
It will be in the same building that houses Oliva Di Vita, InStep Running and Elements East. »Read Full Blog Post(2)
John Axford has near-perfect night with Oscars
Phoenix - Brewers closer John Axford, a real movie buff, has fun every year picking the winners in various categories for the Academy Awards, tweeting his choices ahead of time.
Axford almost ran the table in the 15 categories in which he made picks Sunday night, missing only Best Director. He went with Steven Spielberg of "Lincoln" and Ang Lee of "Life of Pi" was the winner in probably the biggest upset of the night. »Read Full Blog Post(1)
TV's Jillian Michaels, Katey Sagal at Riverside this spring
Two of TV's toughest ladies—"Biggest Loser" fitness coach Jillian Michaels and "Sons of Anarchy" star Katey Sagal—are coming to the Riverside Theater May 5 and April 19, respectfully.
Harbor House will hold its first classes, with tastings
Starting in March, chef Zach Espinosa will lead the first classes at Harbor House, the Bartolotta group's seafood restaurant at the lakefront.
The classes are: »Read Full Blog Post
Billboard changes "Shake" up Top of the Charts
This week Billboard announced a change to its Hot 100 formula for chart methodology that now incorporates YouTube views alongside radio play, digital sales and online radio play. The result finds a song that rose to popularity due much to its own YouTube video falling to a chart newcomer that found success as the basis of the biggest current Internet meme. Take a look below to find out the full scoop and the jump back to find out which songs were the biggest hits this week in 2007, 1997, 1987 and 1977.
No. 1 hit Feb. 25, 2013 »Read Full Blog Post
On Tap for Today: Marquette on the court and a CD release party
Did you stay up late for the Academy Awards? How about that Best Picture Oscar? Whew.
So you want to know what's going on today. Here are a few things that might whet your whistle for entertainment. »Read Full Blog Post
Summerfest Rock Stage to become Uline Warehouse
The Summerfest Rock Stage is getting a new name and more types of music.
Uline, Inc., the Pleasant Prairie-based distributor of shipping, industrial and packaging materials, has signed a three-year stage sponsorship deal with Summerfest. As a result of the agreement, whose financial details have not been disclosed, the Summerfest Rock Stage on the far north end of the grounds will be called the Uline Warehouse. »Read Full Article(9)


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Steve McKee, the founder of McKee Wallwork Cleveland, BusinessWeek advertising columnist, author of When Growth Stalls, and friend wrote recently here about branding and how the tide has shifted. He says you no longer control your company's brand; your customers do.
Think about that for a second. You no longer control your company's brand; your customers do.
It used to be that the big, Fortune 500 companies would spend millions of dollars on fancy advertising and huge global PR campaigns and years and years and years to tell their customers and prospective customers what they wanted them to think about the brand. If someone was happy with the product or service, they wouldn't tell anyone. If they were unhappy, they'd tell five to 10 people and hope to get attention through a nastily written letter to the CEO that almost always went unanswered.
Now, with the speed of the web, customers tell not just a handful of people, but thousands if they're happy or unhappy about doing business with you. That's good and bad. In the "old days," people wouldn't tell their friends and family if they were happy, but they now go out of their way online to talk about the great experience they have with you. Likewise, they badmouth you online in a moment's notice, in the hopes that you're paying attention and will fix their issue immediately.
Let's start with the good. Twitter, Facebook, YouTube, Flickr, and Foursquare are all changing the way we do business, both as company leaders and as consumers. Let's say you have a retail location and one of your brand loyalists, "checks in" on Facebook Places or Foursquare (both location-based tools that link to a person's network). That person's 500 friends see them check in and, having never heard of you, ask about your store. Suddenly you have new customers because one loyal person told their friends…and their friends told their friends who told their friends who told their friends.
Or, you have a service business that doesn't have brick and mortar. Most of us built our businesses through word-of-mouth and referrals. You go to lunch with a client and the client tweets, "Having lunch with Gini Dietrich and her amazing team." Suddenly your client's friends want to know why Gini's team is so amazing and what it would take to get to work with them.
Let your customers control your brand and tell their friends.
Now, the bad. The story I like to tell when I speak is that we have a client who owns assisted living homes in Illinois and Indiana. I was traveling with their CEO in March and we were on their Facebook wall, as I showed him what our respective teams were doing together to develop their social media presence. While we were on there, we noticed a resident's daughter had posted how unhappy she was with a hair cut her mother had had that day. She ranted and raved and wanted someone to respond.
This was after 9 p.m. in Chicago, which meant our teams weren't monitoring the wall at that moment. So the CEO posted a comment to her that said something along the lines of wanting to help her and asking her to direct message him her email address or phone number. She did. They chatted. He ended up giving her mother a free hair cut.
But this is where the magic happened: The woman went back to the Facebook wall and said how sorry she was that she'd said negative things about the company, that the issue was fixed, and she'd recommend the home to any of her friends looking for help with their parents.
With a simple email exchange, he turned an irate customer into a brand steward.
It's a new world where your canned messages are no longer enough. Pay attention to what your customers are saying about you online. Participate in the conversation. Listen to their wants and needs. Let them help you with customer service, new products/services, and market research. Let your customers tell their friends about your brand.
What tips do you have for those who are scared of letting go of control in the new online world?
* Fabulous image from RonAmok
Leave a Reply
22 Comments on "You No Longer Control Your Company's Brand"
I love the example you shared of turning a negative experience in to a positive/learning experience. I'm sharing this with everyone today.
Great post Gini!
Samantha – did you share with EVERYONE?!?
Great post that highlights the double-edge sword social media brings to brand management. What about comments, tweets, etc. posted solely for their malicious intent that gain traction? If you have bad products or lousy service, you deserve the rants; but I believe companies are seeing more people willing to bash a company/brand just for the sake of something to say, all while hiding behind anonymity.
Paul – I think two things happen: 1) You're absolutely right that if there is an operations issue, the complaints allow you to fix the situation, but 2) if people maliciously complain, your community (brand stewards/loyalists) begins to weed out those people for you. It's actually more fun to sit back and watch people take down those people than for you to have to defend yourself. It's quite magical, actually.
Sally, I always recommend to clients (or when I speak) that people just pay attention (listen) to what is being said about them online. This isn't any different than how people complain in the "old days." Companies need to respond the same way they would through more traditional methods.
Sally, the problem that these companies face is that the conversation that is social media is going to go on with or without them, and if they don't get out there and engage, they are at the mercy of whoever chooses to talk to them. This is a case of "silence is not golden."
Erik, like I mention to Sally above, this isn't so much about participation as it is about listening. If companies are listening to the good, the bad, and the neutral, they're armed with how to respond in a way that they're comfortable doing so. How they respond is up to them…as long as they respond.
I liked the story but your question is moot. Those scared of letting go in the online world are still on line. If not engaged they have no way to respond to negatives. THe moral of the story was not only turning positive into negative, it was giving a forum for both positive and negative so either can be correctly positioned.
Barry – BINGO!! That's exactly what I was saying to Sally and Erik.
Arminda – I do more than respectfully disagree! We don't have brick and mortar. The ONLY marketing we do for Arment Dietrich is online. We'd never get to where we are right now with the more traditional methods because a) we don't have the cash and b) we don't have the time. I love NPR, but that's baloney.
Baloney is right! And since neither you nor I eat baloney – it's no wonder we disagree! Don't you just love bucking the trend and proving how right you are in the face of an "expert" baloney slinger?
I called baloney on Steve Strauss (USA Today) last year when he wrote that small businesses shouldn't use social media. He had four reasons to support his thinking so I gave him four reasons he was wrong. He called and interviewed me, wrote another story, and now we're friends. You should totally do the same to NPR!
I thought the companies have never been able to control their brands — even if they have very much tried to do it.
Mikko – you are 100 percent correct! Perhaps I should have said "the perception that you have control is over."
[…] You no longer control your company's brand […]
[…] metu pasirodo vis daugiau straipsnių ir įrašų apie tai, kaip socialiniuose tinkluose sklindančios žinios įtakoja gamintojus ir paslaugų […]
[…] and market are saying about them in this day and age. (For further reading on this check out: You No Longer Control Your Company's Brand and Let Go, Customers Control Your Brand). So, the only alternative is to go with the flow, […]
[…] great point and I agree with him. In fact, I agree with it so much that I blogged about the lack of control you have around your brand last […]
information to be shared it is also good to stay open to it. http://www.literaturesw.com


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I have done some searchign and plant o fix the death light by fixing the pins or simply replacing the part.
Also plant o bypass that chip thinger once I figure out why lol.
But was there ever any mods for allowing me to upload my own games o save to a addon etc etc?
google isnt giving much except for someone hacked game case thats reprogrammable
Nes Modding Options?
Started by blueinfinity , Jan 27 2007 03:59 PM
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Rent Sixty Million Frenchmen Can't Be Wrong 1st edition today, or search our site for other textbooks by Jean-Benoit Nadeau. Every textbook comes with a 21-day "Any Reason" guarantee. Published by Anova Books.
Need help ASAP? We have you covered with 24/7 instant online tutoring. Connect with one of our tutors now.


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ABC's 2012-13 schedule: 'Revenge' to Sunday, 'Happy Endings' and 'Apt. 23' to Tuesday
ABC had a very strange 2011-12 TV season. On the one hand, "Modern Family" had its biggest ratings yet, the network launched the top-rated new drama of the season in "Once Upon a Time," had a much-buzzed-about (if more modestly-rated) new success in "Revenge," and had four other rookies ("Suburgatory," "Scandal," "Last Man Standing" and "Don't Trust the (Beaver) in Apt. 23") do well enough to merit renewal for another season.
On the other hand, those successes — plus the continuation of other hits like "Grey's Anatomy" (still the most-watched drama on TV in the 18-49 demographic) and "Dancing with the Stars" — likely won't be enough to keep the network out of fourth place in the season's demo ratings. Even if NBC will only squeak ahead of ABC because it aired the Super Bowl, that's still not a good overall result considering all the successes.
But on an upfront press conference call, ABC entertainment president Paul Lee acknowledged that the network needed a lot of work when he took over a couple of years ago.
"We had a good start" this year, he said, "but we have to keep going."
So the schedule Lee unveiled will do its best to leverage existing hits to build new ones — sending the modestly-rated "Happy Endings" and "Don't Trust the (Basketball)" to Tuesdays so that "Modern Family" can lead into the new sitcom "The Neighbors," and moving "Revenge" to the old "Desperate Housewives" Sunday timeslot to get a "Once Upon a Time" lead-in — while still launching 10 new series at different points in the season.
Analysis of the schedule, night-by-night:
SUNDAY: Again, the plan is to use "Once Upon a Time" at 8 to help turn "Revenge" at 9 from media hit into actual hit, though we'll have to see if the family-friendly "Once" is actually a great lead-in for the more adult "Revenge." The unkillable "America's Funniest Home Videos" is at 7, and new drama "666 Park Avenue" — a supernatural soap opera about a building run by a Devil-ish figure, starring Terry O'Quinn, Vanessa Williams and Rachael Taylor — at 10, attempting to combine aspects of the two shows leading into it.
MONDAY: "Dancing with the Stars" slipped in the ratings this season, and will try to prevent further erosion with an all-star edition in the fall. (Lee said he couldn't name any casting names yet.) "Castle" returns for its fifth season, still at 10, with "The Bachelor" filling in for "Dancing" for a few months starting in January.
TUESDAY: The "Dancing" results show slides up to 8, and "Private Practice" did well enough in a Tuesday at 10 tryout this spring that it'll stay there in the fall. The big move is at 9 and 9:30, where "Happy Endings" and "Don't Trust the (Blood Sausage) in Apt. 23" will not only have to survive without "Modern Family" as a lead-in, but as part of a six-sitcom pile-up for the hour when you add in FOX's "New Girl" and "The Mindy Project" and NBC's "Go On" and "The New Normal." Lee talked up the "passionate" audience for both of his sitcoms, but something's gotta give here, perhaps with NBC swapping its sitcoms with "The Voice" results show, so that "Voice" and "Dancing" don't go head-to-head on two nights in the fall.
While "Dancing" is in between cycles at mid-season, ABC will plug in two more sitcoms in the 8 o'clock hour: Sarah Chalke in "How to Live with Your Parents (For the Rest of Your Life)" and Kyle Bornheimer, J.K. Simmons and Leah Remini running a family handyman business in "The Family Tools."
WEDNESDAY: "The Middle" at 8, "Suburgatory" at 8:30 and "Modern Family" (which Lee called "the defining comedy of our times," as well as the quintessential ABC show) at 9 are all status quo. At 9:30 is "The Neighbors," a high-concept comedy about a gated New Jersey community where all the residents save one (a new couple played by Jamie Gertz and Lenny Venito) are aliens. The execution — the show was created by "Tangled" and "Crazy, Stupid, Love" screenwriter Dan Fogelman — could turn out to be good, but the description suggests a show from 1983. Lee said that after trying a variety of edgier comedies (including "Cougar Town," which is moving to TBS next year) in the 9:30 slot, the goal was to put another family comedy on after "Modern Family."
At 10 is one of two new ABC Nashville-themed series, this one simply titled "Nashville," pitting Connie Britton's aging star against Hayden Panettiere's rising schemer. It's one of a wave of new shows this season on all the networks created by screenwriters (in this case, "Thelma & Louise" writer Calli Khouri) with minimal TV experience.
THURSDAY: "Grey's" isn't what it was, but is still sturdy enough to serve as the night's tentpole, and a lead-in to fellow Shonda Rhimes drama "Scandal." But the 8 p.m. timeslot hasn't been kind to ABC in recent years — both "Charlie's Angels" and "Missing" died there this season — and now the bad luck position goes to "Last Resort," a new drama co-created by Shawn Ryan ("The Shield," "The Unit") starring Andre Braugher as the commander of a ballistic missile submarine who goes rogue when he rejects orders to fire nukes on a foreign country.
Though the timeslot has been bad news for ABC, and though "Last Resort" seems off-brand for a network that has aggressively focused on female viewers for years, Lee expressed faith in Ryan's gifts as a showrunner and insisted the show "tested extremely well with women, probably as well if not better than men."
FRIDAY: The first few months of the season will look familiar: "Shark Tank" at 8, "Primetime: What Would You Do?" at 9 and "20/20" at 10. Starting in November, "Primetime" takes a break, "Shark Tank" slides to 9, and ABC attempts to revive its family-friendly Friday sitcom tradition (if not the actual T.G.I.F. brand name) with "Last Man Standing" at 8 and the new "Malibu Country" (Reba McEntire as the ex-wife of a Nashville star and Lily Tomlin as her mother) at 8:30. Lee said putting family comedies on Friday was a goal of his since he took the job, and didn't seem concerned by the idea that cable sibling like Disney Channel and ABC Family tend to split up much of the family audience.
SATURDAY: College football in the fall, repeats and movies in the spring.
Mid-season shows with premiere dates TBA include the return of "Body of Proof" and "Wife Swap," plus new series "Mistresses," "Red Widow" and "Zero Hour."
Alan Sepinwall may be reached at firstname.lastname@example.com


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Izakaya Sakura revisit
Izakaya Sakura
3904 Convoy St #121
San Diego, CA 92184
(858) 569-6151
It's been a while since I've been back to Sakura. My previous posts can be found here and here. With little brother asking for sushi all the time, I decided to take him to Sakura.
We went for dinner. Along with the regular dinner menu, these were the specials for the night:
Boyfriend and little brother each ordered the chirashi bowl.
Boyfriend and Little Brother both enjoyed their Chirashi bowl.
I ordered a Uni don.
While I enjoyed the uni don on my previous visit, this time the uni was not as good. Parts of it didn't taste very fresh and was a bit too fishy. Perhaps it didn't help that I had just eaten at Kaito the weekend before.
We also ordered the deep fried flounder:
The taste was just okay. I prefer the whole fried flounders that are usually available in chinese restaurants.
We also ordered the fried salmon collar.
I enjoyed the crispy skin. The salmon collar meat was also delicious.
We also ordered the Tamago.
I found this to be too sweet. I was not a fan of this dish.
Overall, a slightly disappointing experience. I still like coming to Sakura, this was not my favorite visit.
4 Responses to "Izakaya Sakura revisit"
holy crap that is a lot of uni. too bad about your experience here. i've been here once or twice a few years back and found the food to be pretty good. ended up spending too much though because i wanted to try everything!
I know what you mean. Usually when I go, my bill ends up being more than eating at the fine dining places in La Jolla.
*Gasp* A bad sakura visit? Thanks for a heads up on inconsistencies and dishes to avoid.
You wouldn't believe it but this place has been on my to-dine list for about 2yrs and yet I always end up blogging somewhere else -_- Likely to never write about this place now that I live in LA. doh!
Youch. Winced after I read your comment above…
I can't believe you never checked it out! But yeah, it's been a bit inconsistent for me after the initial 2-3 really great visits. I guess it's better for my wallet. Wait, you are in LA now too? Awww..I'm going to miss your SD posts.


text: Great artist with incredible talent. Handled all our guests in a timely fashion. He drew non stop for 3 hours and didn't blink an eye at how grueling that probably was! Also his rates are extremely competitive especially when you consider how fast he draws, which means you get more caricatures for your time and money!


text:
Snowboarding Forum - Snowboard Enthusiast Forums (http://www.snowboardingforum.com/forum.php)
- General Travel Forum (http://www.snowboardingforum.com/general-travel-forum/)
- - windham mtn. in ny (http://www.snowboardingforum.com/general-travel-forum/3107-windham-mtn-ny.html)
windham mtn. in ny
anyone been to windham mountain in new york before? i'm going there for the first time this weekend and was wondering how the blues were. i'm still a novice so the only blues i've really been on were the ones at shawnee in pennsylvania and at belleayre in new york. they weren't too steep so i'm hoping to expect something similar at windham. can someone give me feedback on the blues at windham please? thanks!
oo i'm super excited now, thanks!
I'm gonna be up there on Saturday with my gf and a couple of skier buddies I believe. The blues at Windham are far from intimidating but they will be a bit steeper than Shawnee. The biggest thing to be aware of at Windham is the ice... know it exists there and you'll be fine.
I'll let you know 100% if I'm going there if so we could take a run or two
hitting either hunt or windham tomorrow.... :dunno: we'll know when we get off the thruway, my buddy gets my free tickets to hunter, but i like windhams snow better..
windham is better than hunter but if hunters free then hunter it is!
oo how do i get free lift tickets to hunter! i've never been but i heard it's so crowded that it's like a bowling alley, haha.
lisevolution i'm going to windham on sunday, but thanks for the offer. maybe we could meetup another time?
for sure, I may end up staying there for a second day or going up again on Monday, but if not we'll figure it out. have fun out there, that's what's important!
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text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|May 25, 2010
|Filing date
|Jan 14, 2009
|Priority date
|Mar 25, 2005
|Fee status
|Also published as
|Publication number
|Guerino G. Sacripante, Ke Zhou, Michael S. Hawkins, Kimberly D. Nosella, Edward G. Zwartz, Nicoleta D. Mihai, Valerie M. Farrugia, Stephan V. Drappel, Paul J. Gerroir
|Original Assignee
|Xerox Corporation
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (27), Classifications (14), Legal Events (3)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
This is a Continuation of application Ser. No. 11/089,149, filed Mar. 25, 2005. The entire disclosure of the prior application is hereby incorporated by reference herein.
The present disclosure relates generally to a toner comprising a binder and at least one colorant, wherein the binder is comprised of an amorphous resin and a crystalline sulfonated polyester resin. In particular, the crystalline resin has a melting point of at least 70° C., and a re-crystallization point of at least 47° C.
Toners useful for xerographic applications should possess certain properties related to storage stability and particle size integrity. That is, it is desired to have the particles remain intact and not agglomerate until they are fused on paper. Since environmental conditions vary, the toners also should not substantially agglomerate up to a temperature of from about 50° C. to about 55° C.
The toner composite of resin and colorant should also display acceptable triboelectrification properties which vary with the type of carrier or developer composition. A valuable toner attribute is the relative humidity sensitivity ratio, that is, the ability of a toner to exhibit similar charging behavior at different environmental conditions such as high humidity or low humidity. Typically, the relative humidity sensitivity of toners is considered as the ratio between the toner charge at 80 percent humidity divided by the toner charge at 20 percent humidity. Acceptable values for relative humidity sensitivity of toner vary, and are dependant on the xerographic engine and the environment. Typically, the relative humidity sensitivity ratio of toners is expected to be at least 0.5 and preferably 1.
Another important property for xerographic toner compositions is fusing property on paper. Due to energy conservation measures, and more stringent energy characteristics placed on xerographic engines, such as on xerographic fusers, there is pressure to reduce the fixing temperatures of toners onto paper, such as achieving fixing temperatures of from about 90° C. to about 110° C., to permit less power consumption and allowing the fuser system to possess extended lifetimes.
For a contact fuser, that is, a fuser which is in contact with the paper and the image, the toner should not substantially transfer or offset onto the fuser roller, referred to as hot or cold offset depending on whether the temperature is below the fixing temperature of the paper (cold offset), or whether the toner offsets onto a fuser roller at a temperature above the fixing temperature of the toner (hot offset).
Another desirable characteristic of a toner is sufficient release of the paper image from the fuser roll. For oil containing fuser rolls, the toner may not contain a wax. However, for fusers without oil on the fuser (usually hard rolls), the toner will usually contain a lubricant like a wax to provide release and stripping properties. Thus, a toner characteristic for contact fusing applications is that the fusing latitude, that is, the temperature difference between the fixing temperature and the temperature at which the toner offsets onto the fuser, should be from about 30° C. to about 90° C., and preferably from about 50° C. to about 90° C.
Additionally, depending on the xerographic applications, other toner characteristics may be desired, such as providing high gloss images, such as from about 60 to about 80 Gardner gloss units, especially in pictorial color applications. Other toner characteristics relate to nondocument offset, that is, the ability of paper images not to transfer onto adjacent paper images when stacked up, at a temperature of about 55° C. to about 60° C.; nonvinyl offset properties; high image projection efficiency when fused on transparencies, such as from about 75 to 100 percent projection efficiency and preferably from about 85 to 100 percent projection efficiency. The projection efficiency of toners can be directly related to the transparency of the resin utilized, and clear resins are desired.
Additionally, small sized toner particles, such as from about 3 to about 12 microns, and preferably from about 5 to about 7 microns, are desired, especially in xerographic engines wherein high resolution is a characteristic. Toners with the aforementioned small sizes can be economically prepared by chemical processes, also known as direct or "in situ" toner process, and which process involves the direct conversion of emulsion sized particles to toner composites by aggregation and coalescence, or by suspension, microsuspension or microencapsulation processes.
Low fixing toners comprised of semicrystalline resins are known, such as those disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,166,026. There, toners comprised of a semicrystalline copolymer resin, such as poly(alpha-olefin) copolymer resins, with a melting point of from about 30° C. to about 100° C., and containing functional groups comprising hydroxy, carboxy, amino, amido, ammonium or halo, and pigment particles, are disclosed. Similarly, in U.S. Pat. No. 4,952,477, toner compositions comprised of resin particles selected from the group consisting of a semicrystalline polyolefin and copolymers thereof with a melting point of from about 50° C. to about 100° C. and pigment particles are disclosed. Although it is indicated that some of these toners may provide low fixing temperatures of about 200° F. to about 225° F. using contact fusing applications, the resins are derived from components with melting characteristics of about 30° C. to about 50° C. These resins are not believed to exhibit more desirable melting characteristics, such as about 55° C. to about 60° C.
In U.S. Pat. No. 4,990,424, toners comprised of a blend of resin particles containing styrene polymers or polyesters, and components selected from the group consisting of a semicrystalline polyolefin and copolymers thereof with a melting point of from about 50° C. to about 100° C., are disclosed. Fusing temperatures of from about 250° F. to about 330° F. are reported.
Low fixing crystalline based toners are disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 6,413,691. There, a toner comprised of a binder resin and a colorant, the binder resin containing a crystalline polyester containing a carboxylic acid of two or more valences having a sulfonic acid group as a monomer component, are illustrated.
Crystalline based toners are disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,254,207. Low fixing toners comprised of crosslinked crystalline resin and amorphous polyester resin are illustrated in U.S. Pat. No. 5,147,747 and U.S. Pat. No. 5,057,392. In each, the toner powder is comprised, for example, of polymer particles of partially carboxylated crystalline polyester and partially carboxylated amorphous polyester that has been crosslinked together at an elevated temperature with the aid of an epoxy novolac resin and a crosslinking catalyst.
Emulsion/aggregation/coalescing processes for the preparation of toners are illustrated in a number of Xerox patents, the disclosures of which are totally incorporated herein by reference, such as U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,290,654, 5,278,020, 5,308,734, 5,346,797, 5,370,963, 5,344,738, 5,403,693, 5,418,108 and 5,364,729.
Also of interest may be U.S. Pat. Nos. 6,830,860, 6,383,705 and 4,385,107, the disclosures of which are totally incorporated herein by reference.
Existing low melt toners do not meet the heat cohesion requirements when no external additives are added to the toner. The heat cohesion of known low melt toners with no additives is generally greater than 77%. Low melt toners without additives and a heat cohesion of less than 20% are particularly robust. Thus, it is preferred that low melt toners having no external additives have a heat cohesion of less than 20%, and more preferably less than 10%. For comparison, low melt toners having external additives have a heat cohesion of less than 10%.
Toners with low heat cohesion have desired flow characteristics and resist agglomeration or fusing before actually being imaged and fused. Toners must have fluidity or good powder flow such that they are properly imaged in copier/printers. After a toner is manufactured, packaged and shipped, it may encounter temperature variations in environment typically up to 40° C. and in extreme cases as high as 50° C. Under such conditions, if the particle starts to flow (i.e., melt), the particle will stick to other particles and agglomerate and result in poor toner.
There is thus a need to provide low melt toners that may be used at lower fusing temperatures that still provide excellent properties, including excellent document offset and heat cohesion. There is also a need to provide a process for preparing such low melt toners that allows for controlled particle growth and controlled morphology or shape, and provides high yields.
In embodiments, a particle is described that comprises a binder and preferably also a colorant, wherein the binder comprises an amorphous resin and a crystalline resin, wherein the crystalline resin has a melting point of at least about 70° C. and a recrystallization point of at least about 47° C., and wherein the particle is substantially non-crosslinked.
In embodiments, a method of forming particles is described and comprises a binder, a colorant and optionally a wax, comprising the steps of forming the binder of an amorphous polyester resin and a crystalline resin, wherein the crystalline resin has a melting point of at least about 70° C. and a recrystallization point of at least about 47° C., adding the colorant and optionally the wax to the binder.
In embodiments, a further process is described that comprises forming toner particles comprising a binder, a colorant and optionally a wax, wherein the binder comprises an amorphous polyester resin and a crystalline resin, and annealing the toner particles at a temperature within 10° C., and preferably within 5° C., of a recrystallization temperature of the crystalline resin and at or above a glass transition temperature of the crystalline resin.
A first embodiment relates to a particle, preferably a toner particle, comprising a binder of an amorphous resin and a crystalline resin, wherein the crystalline resin has a melting point of at least 70° C. and a recrystallization point of at least 47° C.
The toner comprising a crystalline resin that has a melting point of at least 70° C. and a recrystallization point of at least 47° C. may be used at lower fusing temperatures. At the same time, the toner exhibits improved document offset properties and improved heat cohesion.
Additives are not necessary to produce the desired results of improved document offset and improved heat cohesion, although additives are not excluded for use in the particles described herein.
Thus, one aspect of this disclosure is directed to a toner comprising a branched amorphous resin and a crystalline sulfonated polyester resin, wherein the crystalline resin has a melting point of at least about 70° C., preferably between about 70° C. and 85° C. such as between about 70° C. and 80° C., and a recrystallization point of at least 47° C., preferably between about 47° C. and 65° C. The document offset and heat cohesion properties can be further improved by annealing the toner at a specified temperature and for specified time. Additionally, in another embodiment, the toner has a minimum fixing temperature from about 120° C. to about 140° C. In a further embodiment, the toner has a fusing latitude from about 50° C. to about 100° C.
Annealing the toner is important such that the semicrystalline resin increases in crystallinity and it's amorphous state is minimized. The crystalline resins described herein typically have a Tg below about 50° C. and, preferably between about 40° C. and about 44° C. This state plasticizes the toner and causes poor cohesion through agglomeration. Annealing at a temperature in the amorphous region or slightly above it, such as the crystallization temperature, allows for the semicrystalline resin to crystallize out. Through tunneling electron microscope (TEM), it is observed that ridges are created near the toner surface after annealing process. It is believed that these ridges are due to the crystalline resin. The differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) also shows an increase in enthalpy of crystallization and a decrease of Tg.
Examples of amorphous resins suitable for use herein include polyester resins, branched polyester resins, polyimide resins, branched polyimide resins, poly(styrene-acrylate) resins, crosslinked, for example from about 25 percent to about 70 percent, poly(styrene-acrylate) resins, poly(styrene-methacrylate) resins, crosslinked poly(styrene-methacrylate) resins, poly(styrene-butadiene) resins, crosslinked poly(styrene-butadiene) resins, alkali sulfonated-polyester resins, branched alkali sulfonated-polyester resins, alkali sulfonated-polyimide resins, branched alkali sulfonated-polyimide resins, alkali sulfonated poly(styrene-acrylate) resins, crosslinked alkali sulfonated poly(styrene-acrylate) resins, poly(styrene-methacrylate) resins, crosslinked alkali sulfonated-poly(styrene-methacrylate) resins, alkali sulfonated-poly(styrene-butadiene) resins, and crosslinked alkali sulfonated poly(styrene-butadiene) resins.
The amorphous resin is preferably a branched amorphous sulfonated polyester resin or a linear amorphous sulfonated polyester resin. Branched amorphous sulfonated polyester resins are preferred, for example, when the fuser does not contain a fuser oil or when black or matte prints are desired. Liner amorphous sulfonated polyester resins are preferred, for example, when the fuser include an oil.
Branched amorphous resins can be a polyester, a polyamide, a polyimide, a polystyrene-acrylate, a polystyrene-methacrylate, a polystyrene-butadiene, or a polyester-imide, an alkali sulfonated polyester, an alkali sulfonated polyamide, an alkali sulfonated polyimide, an alkali sulfonated polystyrene-acrylate, an alkali sulfonated polystyrene-methacrylate, an alkali sulfonated polystyrene-butadiene, or an alkali sulfonated polyester-imide, a sulfonated polyester resin, copoly(ethylene-terephthalate)-copoly(ethylene-5-sulfo-isophthalate), copoly(propylene-terephthalate)-copoly(propylene-5-sulfo-isophthalate), copoly(diethylene-terephthalate)-copoly(diethylene-5-sulfo-isophthalate), copoly(propylene-diethylene-terephthalate)-copoly(propylene-diethylene-5-sulfo-isophthalate), copoly(propylene-butylene-terephthalate)-copoly(propylene-butylene-5-sulfo-isophthalate), copoly(propoxylated bisphenol-A-fumarate)-copoly (propoxylated bisphenol A-5-sulfo-isophthalate), copoly(ethoxylated bisphenol-A-fumarate)-copoly(ethoxylated bisphenol-A-5-sulfo-isophthalate), or copoly(ethoxylated bisphenol-A-maleate)copoly(ethoxylated bisphenol-A-5-sulfo-isophthalate).
The branched amorphous polyester resins are generally prepared by the polycondensation of an organic diol, a diacid or diester, a sulfonated difunctional monomer, and a multivalent polyacid or polyol as the branching agent and a polycondensation catalyst.
Examples of diacid or diesters selected for the preparation of amorphous polyesters include dicarboxylic acids or diesters selected from the group consisting of terephthalic acid, phthalic acid, isophthalic acid, fumaric acid, maleic acid, succinic acid, itaconic acid, succinic acid, succinic anhydride, dodecylsuccinic acid, dodecylsuccinic anhydride, glutaric acid, glutaric anhydride, adipic acid, pimelic acid, suberic acid, azelic acid, dodecanediacid, dimethyl terephthalate, diethyl terephthalate, dimethylisophthalate, diethylisophthalate, dimethylphthalate, phthalic anhydride, diethylphthalate, dimethylsuccinate, dimethylfumarate, dimethylmaleate, dimethylglutarate, dimethyladipate, dimethyl dodecylsuccinate, and mixtures thereof. The organic diacid or diester are selected, for example, from about 45 to about 52 mole percent of the resin.
Examples of diols utilized in generating the amorphous polyester include 1,2-propanediol, 1,3-propanediol, 1,2-butanediol, 1,3-butanediol, 1,4-butanediol, pentanediol, hexanediol, 2,2-dimethylpropanediol, 2,2,3-trimethylhexanediol, heptanediol, dodecanediol, bis(hyroxyethyl)-bisphenol A, bis(2-hyroxypropyl)-bisphenol A, 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol, 1,3-cyclohexanedimethanol, xylenedimethanol, cyclohexanediol, diethylene glycol, bis(2-hydroxyethyl)oxide, dipropylene glycol, dibutylene, and mixtures thereof. The amount of organic diol selected can vary, and more specifically, is, for example, from about 45 to about 52 mole percent of the resin.
Alkali sulfonated difunctional monomer examples, wherein the alkali is lithium, sodium, or potassium, include dimethyl-5-sulfo-isophthalate, dialkyl-5-sulfo-isophthalate-4-sulfo-1,8-naphthalic anhydride, 4-sulfo-phthalic acid, 4-sulfophenyl-3,5-dicarbomethoxybenzene, 6-sulfo-2-naphthyl-3,5-dicarbomethoxybenzene, sulfo-terephthalic acid, dimethyl-sulfo-terephthalate, dialkyl-sulfo-terephthalate, sulfo-ethanediol, 2-sulfo-propanediol, 2-sulfo-butanediol, 3-sulfo-pentanediol, 2-sulfo-hexanediol, 3-sulfo-2-methylpentanediol, N,N-bis(2-hydroxyethyl)-2-aminoethane sulfonate, 2-sulfo-3,3-dimethylpentanediol, sulfo-p-hydroxybenzoic acid, mixtures thereof, and the like. Effective difunctional monomer amounts of, for example, from about 0.1 to about 2 weight percent of the resin can be selected.
Branching agents to generate a branched amorphous polyester resin include, for example, a multivalent polyacid such as 1,2,4-benzene-tricarboxylic acid, 1,2,4-cyclohexanetricarboxylic acid, 2,5,7-naphthalenetricarboxylic acid, 1,2,4-naphthalenetricarboxylic acid, 1,2,5-hexanetricarboxylic acid, 1,3-dicarboxyl-2-methyl-2-methylene-carboxylpropane, tetra(methylene-carboxyl)methane, and 1,2,7,8-octanetetracarboxylic acid, acid anhydrides thereof, and lower alkyl esters thereof, 1 to about 6 carbon atoms; a multivalent polyol such as sorbitol, 1,2,3,6-hexanetetrol, 1,4-sorbitane, pentaerythritol, dipentaerythritol, tripentaerythritol, sucrose, 1,2,4-butanetriol, 1,2,5-pentatriol, glycerol, 2-methylpropanetriol, 2-methyl-1,2,4-butanetriol, trimethylolethane, trimethylolpropane, 1,3,5-trihydroxymethylbenzene, mixtures thereof, and the like. The branching agent amount selected is, for example, from about 0.1 to about 5 mole percent of the resin.
The amorphous resin is, for example, present in an amount from about 50 to about 90 percent by weight, and more preferably from about 65 to about 85 percent by weight of the binder. Preferably the amorphous resin is a branched amorphous sulfonated polyester resin. The amorphous resin in preferred embodiments possesses, for example, a number average molecular weight (Mn), as measured by gel permeation chromatography (GPC), of from about 10,000 to about 500,000, and preferably from about 5,000 to about 250,000; a weight average molecular weight (Mw) of, for example, from about 20,000 to about 600,000, and preferably from about 7,000 to about 300,000, as determined by GPC using polystyrene standards; and wherein the molecular weight distribution (Mw/Mn) is, for example, from about 1.5 to about 6, and more specifically, from about 2 to about 4.
The crystalline resin may be, for example, a polyester, a polyamide, a polyimide, a polyethylene, a polypropylene, a polybutylene, a polyisobutyrate, an ethylene-propylene copolymer, or an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer or a polyolefin. Preferably, the crystalline resins are sulfonated polyester resins.
Examples of a crystalline resin that are suitable for use herein are poly(ethylene-adipate), poly(propylene-adipate), poly(butylene-adipate), poly(pentylene-adipate), poly(hexylene-adipate), poly(octylene-adipate), poly(ethylene-succinate), poly(propylene-succinate), poly(butylene-succinate), poly(pentylene-succinate), poly(hexylene-succinate), poly(octylene-succinate), poly(ethylene-sebacate), poly(propylene-sebacate), poly(butylene-sebacate), poly(pentylene-sebacate), poly(hexylene-sebacate), poly(octylene-sebacate), copoly(5-sulfoisophthaloyl)-copoly(ethylene-adipate), copoly(5-sulfoisophthaloyl)-copoly(propylene-adipate), copoly(5-sulfoisophthaloyl)-copoly(butylene-adipate), copoly(5-sulfo-isophthaloyl)-copoly(pentylene-adipate), copoly(5-sulfo-isophthaloyl)-copoly(hexylene-adipate), copoly(5-sulfo-isophthaloyl)-copoly(octylene-adipate), copoly(5-sulfo-isophthaloyl)-copoly(ethylene-adipate), copoly(5-sulfo-isophthaloyl)-copoly(propylene-adipate), copoly(5-sulfo-isophthaloyl)-copoly(butylene-adipate), copoly(5-sulfo-isophthaloyl)-copoly(pentylene-adipate), copoly(5-sulfo-isophthaloyl)-copoly(hexylene-adipate), copoly(5-sulfo-isophthaloyl)-copoly(octylene-adipate), copoly(5-sulfoisophthaloyl)-copoly(ethylene-succinate), copoly(5-sulfoisophthaloyl)-copoly(propylene-succinate), copoly(5-sulfoisophthaloyl)-copoly(butylene-succinate), copoly(5-sulfoisophthaloyl)-copoly(pentylene-succinate), copoly(5-sulfoisophthaloyl)-copoly(hexylene-succinate), copoly(5-sulfoisophthaloyl)-copoly(octylene-succinate), copoly(5-sulfo-isophthaloyl)-copoly(ethylene-sebacate), copoly(5-sulfo-isophthaloyl)-copoly(propylene-sebacate), copoly(5-sulfo-isophthaloyl)-copoly(butylenes-sebacate), copoly(5-sulfo-isophthaloyl)-copoly(pentylene-sebacate), copoly(5-sulfo-isophthaloyl)-copoly(hexylene-sebacate), copoly(5-sulfo-isophthaloyl)-copoly(octylene-sebacate), copoly(5-sulfo-isophthaloyl)-copoly(ethylene-adipate), copoly(5-sulfo-isophthaloyl)-copoly(propylene-adipate), copoly(5-sulfo-isophthaloyl)-copoly(butylene-adipate), copoly(5-sulfo-isophthaloyl)-copoly(pentylene-adipate), copoly(5-sulfo-isophthaloyl)-copoly(hexylene-adipate), or poly(octylene-adipate).
The crystalline resin in the toner most preferably displays or possesses a melting temperature of between about 70° C. and 85° C., and a recrystallization temperature of at least about 47° C., and preferably the recrystallization temperature is between about 50° C. and 65° C. Sulfonated polyester resins are most preferred as the crystalline resin herein. The crystalline resin is sulfonated from about 0.5 weight percent to about 4.5 weight percent, and preferably from about 1.5 weight percent to about 4.0 weight percent.
Preferably, the crystalline resin is derived from monomers selected from 5-sulfoisophthalic acid, sebacic acid, dodecanedioic acid, ethylene glycol and butylene glycol. One skilled in the art will easily recognize the monomer can be any suitable monomer to generate the crystalline resin. For example, sebacic acid can be replaced by fumaric acid or adipic acid.
The crystalline resin is, for example, present in an amount of from about 10 to about 50 percent by weight of the binder, and preferably from about 15 to about 40 percent by weight of the binder.
The crystalline resin can possess melting points of, for example, from at least about 70° C., and preferably from about 70° C. to about 80° C., and a number average molecular weight (Mn), as measured by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) of, for example, from about 1,000 to about 50,000, and preferably from about 2,000 to about 25,000; with a weight average molecular weight (Mw) of the resin of, for example, from about 2,000 to about 100,000, and preferably from about 3,000 to about 80,000, as determined by GPC using polystyrene standards. The molecular weight distribution (Mw/Mn) of the crystalline resin is, for example, from about 2 to about 6, and more specifically, from about 2 to about 4.
The crystalline resin may be prepared by a polycondensation process of reacting an organic diol and an organic diacid in the presence of a polycondensation catalyst. Generally, a stoichiometric equimolar ratio of organic diol and organic diacid is utilized. However, in some instances, wherein the boiling point of the organic diol is from about 180° C. to about 230° C., an excess amount of diol can be utilized and removed during the polycondensation process.
The amount of catalyst utilized varies, and can be selected in an amount, for example, of from about 0.01 to about 1 mole percent of the resin. Additionally, in place of an organic diacid, an organic diester can also be selected, and where an alcohol byproduct is generated.
Examples of organic diols include aliphatic diols with from about 2 to about 36 carbon atoms, such as 1,2-ethanediol, 1,3-propanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,5-pentanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, 1,7-heptanediol, 1,8-octanediol, 1,9-nonanediol, 1,10-decanediol, 1,12-dodecanediol and the like; alkali sulfo-aliphatic diols such as sodio 2-sulfo-1,2-ethanediol, lithio 2-sulfo-1,2-ethanediol, potassio 2-sulfo-1,2-ethanediol, sodio 2-sulfo-1,3-propanediol, lithio 2-sulfo-1,3-propanediol, potassio 2-sulfo-1,3-propanediol, mixture thereof, and the like. The aliphatic diol is, for example, selected in an amount of from about 45 to about 50 mole percent of the resin, and the alkali sulfo-aliphatic diol can be selected in an amount of from about 1 to about 10 mole percent of the resin.
Examples of organic diacids or diesters selected for the preparation of the crystalline resins include oxalic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, suberic acid, azelaic acid, sebacic acid, phthalic acid, isophthalic acid, terephthalic acid, naphthalene-2,6-dicarboxylic acid, naphthalene-2,7-dicarboxylic acid, cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid, malonic acid and mesaconic acid, a diester or anhydride thereof; and an alkali sulfo-organic diacid such as the sodio, lithio or potassio salt of dimethyl-5-sulfo-isophthalate, dialkyl-5-sulfo-isophthalate-4-sulfo-1,8-naphthalic anhydride, 4-sulfo-phthalic acid, dimethyl-4-sulfo-phthalate, dialkyl-4-sulfo-phthalate, 4-sulfophenyl-3,5-dicarbomethoxybenzene, 6-sulfo-2-naphthyl-3,5-dicarbomethoxybenzene, sulfo-terephthalic acid, dimethyl-sulfo-terephthalate, 5-sulfo-isophthalic acid, dialkyl-sulfo-terephthalate, sulfoethanediol, 2-sulfopropanediol, 2-sulfobutanediol, 3-sulfopentanediol, 2-sulfohexanediol, 3-sulfo-2-methylpentanediol, 2-sulfo-3,3-dimethylpentanediol, sulfo-p-hydroxybenzoic acid, N,N-bis(2-hydroxyethyl)-2-amino ethane sulfonate, or mixtures thereof. The organic diacid is selected in an amount of, for example, from about 40 to about 50 mole percent of the resin, and the alkali sulfo-aliphatic diacid can be selected in an amount of from about 1 to about 10 mole percent of the resin.
Polycondensation catalyst examples for either the crystalline or amorphous polyesters include tetraalkyl titanates, dialkyltin oxide such as dibutyltin oxide, tetraalkyltin such as dibutyltin dilaurate, dialkyltin oxide hydroxide such as butyltin oxide hydroxide, aluminum alkoxides, alkyl zinc, dialkyl zinc, zinc oxide, stannous oxide, or mixtures thereof; and which catalysts are selected in amounts of, for example, from about 0.01 mole percent to about 5 mole percent based on the starting diacid or diester used to generate the polyester resin.
The colorant in the toner can be a pigment or a dye. The colorant is preferably present in an amount of from about 4 to about 18 weight percent, and more preferably in an amount of from about 3 to about 15 weight percent, of the toner.
Various known suitable colorants, such as dyes, pigments, and mixtures thereof, may preferably be included in the binder, particularly in making toner particles. When present, the colorant may be added in an effective amount of, for example, from about 1 to about 25 percent by weight of the particle, and preferably in an amount of from about 2 to about 12 weight percent. Suitable example colorants include, for example, carbon black like REGAL 330® magnetites, such as Mobay magnetites MO8029™, MO8060 ™; Columbian magnetites; MAPICO BLACKS™ and surface treated magnetites; Pfizer magnetites CB4799™, CB5300™, CB5600™, MCX6369™; Bayer magnetites, BAYFERROX 8600™, 8610™; Northern Pigments magnetites, NP-604™, NP-608™; Magnox magnetites TMB-100™, or TMB-104™; and the like. As colored pigments, there can be selected cyan, magenta, yellow, red, green, brown, blue or mixtures thereof. Specific examples of pigments include phthalocyanine HELIOGEN BLUE L6900™, D6840™, D7080™, D7020™, PYLAM OIL BLUE™, PYLAM OIL YELLOW™, PIGMENT BLUE 1™ available from Paul Uhlich & Company, Inc., PIGMENT VIOLET 1™, PIGMENT RED 48™, LEMON CHROME YELLOW DCC 1026™, E.D. TOLUIDINE RED™ and BON RED C™ available from Dominion Color Corporation, Ltd., Toronto, Ontario, NOVAPERM YELLOW FGL™, HOSTAPERM PINK E™ from Hoechst, and CINQUASIA MAGENTA™ available from E.I. DuPont de Nemours & Company, and the like. Generally, colorants that can be selected are black, cyan, magenta, or yellow, and mixtures thereof. Examples of magentas are 2,9-dimethyl-substituted quinacridone and anthraquinone dye identified in the Color Index as CI-60710, CI Dispersed Red 15, diazo dye identified in the Color Index as CI-26050, CI Solvent Red 19, and the like. Illustrative examples of cyans include copper tetra(octadecyl sulfonamido) phthalocyanine, x-copper phthalocyanine pigment listed in the Color Index as CI-74160, CI Pigment Blue, and Anthrathrene Blue, identified in the Color Index as CI-69810, Special Blue X-2137, and the like; while illustrative examples of yellows are diarylide yellow 3,3-dichlorobenzidene acetoacetanilides, a monoazo pigment identified in the Color Index as CI 12700, CI Solvent Yellow 16, a nitrophenyl amine sulfonamide identified in the Color Index as Foron Yellow SE/GLN, CI Dispersed Yellow 33 2,5-dimethoxy-4-sulfonanilide phenylazo-4′-chloro-2,5-dimethoxy acetoacetanilide, and Permanent Yellow FGL. Colored magnetites, such as mixtures of MAPICO BLACK™, and cyan components may also be selected as colorants. Other known colorants can be selected, such as Levanyl Black A-SF (Miles, Bayer) and Sunsperse Carbon Black LHD 9303 (Sun Chemicals), and colored dyes such as Neopen Blue (BASF), Sudan Blue OS (BASF), PV Fast Blue B2G01 (American Hoechst), Sunsperse Blue BHD 6000 (Sun Chemicals), Irgalite Blue BCA (Ciba-Geigy), Paliogen Blue 6470 (BASF), Sudan III (Matheson, Coleman, Bell), Sudan II (Matheson, Coleman, Bell), Sudan IV (Matheson, Coleman, Bell), Sudan Orange G (Aldrich), Sudan Orange 220 (BASF), Paliogen Orange 3040 (BASF), Ortho Orange OR 2673 (Paul Uhlich), Paliogen Yellow 152, 1560 (BASF), Lithol Fast Yellow 0991K (BASF), Paliotol Yellow 1840 (BASF), Neopen Yellow (BASF), Novoperm Yellow FG 1 (Hoechst), Permanent Yellow YE 0305 (Paul Uhlich), Lumogen Yellow D0790 (BASF), Sunsperse Yellow YHD 6001 (Sun Chemicals), Suco-Gelb L1250 (BASF), Suco-Yellow D1355 (BASF), Hostaperm Pink E (American Hoechst), Fanal Pink D4830 (BASF), Cinquasia Magenta (DuPont), Lithol Scarlet D3700 (BASF), Toluidine Red (Aldrich), Scarlet for Thermoplast NSD PS PA (Ugine Kuhlmann of Canada), E.D. Toluidine Red (Aldrich), Lithol Rubine Toner (Paul Uhlich), Lithol Scarlet 4440 (BASF), Bon Red C (Dominion Color Company), Royal Brilliant Red RD-8192 (Paul Uhlich), Oracet Pink RF (Ciba-Geigy), Paliogen Red 3871K (BASF), Paliogen Red 3340 (BASF), and Lithol Fast Scarlet L4300 (BASF).
Optionally, a wax can be present in an amount of from about 4 to about 12 percent by weight of the particles. Examples of waxes, if present, include polypropylenes and polyethylenes commercially available from Allied Chemical and Petrolite Corporation, wax emulsions available from Michaelman Inc. and the Daniels Products Company, EPOLENE N-15™ commercially available from Eastman Chemical Products, Inc., VISCOL 550-P™, a low weight average molecular weight polypropylene available from Sanyo Kasei K.K., and similar materials. The commercially available polyethylenes selected usually possess a molecular weight of from about 1,000 to about 1,500, while the commercially available polypropylenes utilized for the toner compositions of the present invention are believed to have a molecular weight of from about 4,000 to about 5,000. Examples of functionalized waxes include amines, amides, imides, esters, quaternary amines, carboxylic acids or acrylic polymer emulsion, for example JONCRYL™ 74, 89, 130, 537, and 538, all available from SC Johnson Wax, chlorinated polypropylenes and polyethylenes commercially available from Allied Chemical and Petrolite Corporation and SC Johnson wax.
The resulting particles can possess an average volume particle diameter of about 2 to about 25 microns, preferably from about 3 to about 15 microns, and more preferably from about 5 to about 7 microns. These particles can be formed by either a physical or chemical method. Furthermore, the heat cohesion of the resulting particles is less than about 20%, and more preferably less than 10%.
Another aspect of the present disclosure comprises forming the particles by annealing the particle comprising the crystalline resin at a temperature within about 10° C., and preferably within 5° C., of the recrystallization temperature of the crystalline resin and at or above a glass transition temperature of the crystalline resin. Such annealing improves the heat cohesion and morphology of the particles. Annealing the toner from about 1 hour to about 24 hours, preferably from about 10 hours to about 20 hours, improves heat cohesion. The resulting toner will have a heat cohesion of less than about 20%, and preferably less than 10%.
In addition to improved heat cohesion, annealing the toner provides improved toner morphology. In particular, annealing the toner produces a toner having a ridged surface. The ridged protrusions on the surface of the toner are necessary to result in adequate stripping and improved fusing latitude.
Stripping is the image/substrate releasing from the fuser roll in a timely fashion. If the if the recording medium, e.g., sheet of paper, with the toner sticks to the fuser roll it will be in contact with the fuser roll at elevated temperatures for extended periods of time and either begin to hot offset or cause variations in gloss. In extreme case of poor stripping, the recording medium will wrap around the fuser roll. Good stripping will also minimize the occurrence of paper jams.
A toner having a ridged surface improves cleaning of residual toner from the photoreceptor. If the toner is too round, the blade cleaners are not very effective.
The following Examples are being provided to further illustrate various species of the present disclosure, it being noted that these Examples are intended to illustrate and not limit the scope of the present disclosure.
A series of crystalline homopolyester resins and crystalline copolyester resins were prepared with 2% sulfonation level as listed below in Table 1. The first three resins were crystalline homopolyester resins. The first crystalline homopolyester resin was derived from sebacic acid (C10) and ethylene glycol (C2), the second resin was derived from dodecanedioic acid (C12) and ethylene glycol (C2), and the third crystalline homopolyester resin was derived from dodecanedioic acid (C12) and butylenes glycol (C4). The four crystalline copolyester resins were derived from a mixture of sebacic acid, dodecanedioic acid and ethylene glycol. One skilled in the art will easily recognize the homopolyester can be derived from any suitably monomers. For example, sebacic acid can be replaced by fumaric acid or adipic acid.
Crystalline Homopolyester Resins and
Crystalline Copolyester Resins
1ST/2ND Scan
Typically, resins will change melting points over time due to crystallization. Thus, a second scan is reported.
A series of ultra low melt toners were generated including the crystalline resins. The generated toners comprised 5% cyan 15:3, 9% carnauba wax, 64.5% branched sulfonated polyester resin and 21.5% crystalline resin chosen from Table 1. The ratio of branched amorphous resin to crystalline resin was 75:25. The toner particles were coalesced at 70° C. The toner slurry was then allowed to self cool to room temperature.
The fusing performance of the toners was then tested using an oil-less fuser. The results of which are detailed below in Table 2. MFT refers to minimum fixing temperature. Both toner to toner (T/T) document offset and toner to paper (T/P) document offset were measured.
Ultra Low Melt Toners
at 180°
(F.-*) describes the temperature difference between the fusers MFT of the low melt toner compared to a control toner, i.e., one without crystalline resin.
Fusing latitude is the difference in temperature between the MFT and Hot-offset temperature. The significance is that the fuser rolls will vary in temperature up to 40-50° C. Thus, we need a certain latitude so that the toner does not offset in case the fuser roll fluctuates in temperature.
In cases where the heat cohesion was greater than 50%, the toner was annealed and fusing performance was again tested using an oil-less fuser. The cohesion of Toner I improved to 45% while the cohesion of Toner V improved to 17%. Annealing the toners did not affect any of the other factors of toner performance.
The document offset, both toner to toner offset and toner to paper offset, of all toners with a crystalline resin exhibiting a re-crystallization point of at least 50° C., was excellent. An improvement in toner cohesion was also observed. Annealing the toner further improved heat cohesion.
Toners derived from higher melting crystalline resins exhibit an increased MFT. Thus, Toner V was optimized by increasing the crystalline resin in the formulation of the toner to lower the MFT. The ratio of the branched amorphous resin to crystalline resin was changed to a ratio of 65:35 from 75:25, resulting in Toner VI. Fusing, document offset and charging met general toner specifications as demonstrated in Table 3 below.
The crystalline resin lowers the MFT due to the sharp melting and low viscosity compared to an amorphous resin. Also, the resin is very hard (ductile) at room temperature with high mechanical strength (i.e., it does not fracture as easily as amorphous resins).
Ultra Low Melt Toner with Increased Crystalline Resin
As annealing improved the heat cohesion of a toner in Example 1, an emulsion/aggregation toner was annealed at a temperature corresponding to its recrystallization temperature of the crystalline resin to increase the crystalline content of the toner and improve the heat cohesion of the toner.
It is theorized that cooling the toner at room temperature causes the crystalline component to solidify in an amorphous state with a low Tg, thus causing poor cohesion. Accordingly, it is believed that annealing the toner results in greater crystallization of the crystalline resin which causes ridges on the toner surface.
An ultra low melt toner comprising a crystalline resin derived from sebacic acid and ethylene glycol was prepared in the same manner as Toner I from Example 1. A portion of the toner was then immediately quenched by discharging into a container of cold water. The remaining toner was slowly cooled to room temperature. The toner was cooled at a rate of about 0.1° C. per hour.
According to a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), a higher amount of crystalline content was observed in the slow cooled toner compared to the quenched toner. Furthermore, the slow cooled toner was found to contain ridges on the particle surface.
Annealing the toner also greatly improved its heat cohesion. The heat cohesion of the quenched toner was approximately 95%, while the heat cohesion of the slow cooled toner was found to be improved to approximately 38%.
In order to optimize the annealing time and temperature, the toner was annealed for 1, 5 and 10 hours at 35° C., 40° C., 45° C. and 50° C. It was found that the optimum annealing temperature was greater than 45° C. and for a length of time greater than or equal to 10 hours.
A scale-up of the ultra low melt toner with a recrystallization point of about 45° C. was annealed overnight, i.e., approximately 17 hours at three temperatures, e.g., 35° C., 45° C. and 50° C. The result are shown below in Table 4. The optimum cohesion was attained at 45° C., which corresponds to within 5° C. of the recrystallization temperature of the crystalline resin in the toner. Furthermore, the toner has the added advantage of a ridged surface.
Toner Annealing
It will be appreciated that various of the above-disclosed and other features and functions, or alternatives thereof, may be desirably combined into many other different systems or applications. Also, various presently unforeseen or unanticipated alternatives, modifications, variations or improvements therein may be subsequently made by those skilled in the art which are also intended to be encompassed by the following claims.
|Cited Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|Dec 26, 1979
|Mar 3, 1981
|Hercules Incorporated
|Process for producing spherical particles or crystalline polymers
|May 1, 1981
|May 24, 1983
|Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd.
|Dry toners comprising a colorant and graph copolymer comprising a crystalline polymer and an amorphous polymer and processes using the same
|Aug 12, 1988
|Aug 28, 1990
|Xerox Corporation
|Toner and developer compositions with semicrystalline polyolefin resins
|Aug 12, 1988
|Feb 5, 1991
|Xerox Corporation
|Toner and developer compositions with semicrystalline polyolefin resin blends
|Aug 6, 1990
|Oct 15, 1991
|Eastman Kodak Company
|Low fusing temperature toner powder of cross-linked crystalline and amorphous polyester blends
|Aug 6, 1990
|Sep 15, 1992
|Eastman Kodak Company
|Low fusing temperature tone powder of crosslinked crystalline and amorphous polyesters
|Dec 3, 1990
|Nov 24, 1992
|Xerox Corporation
|Toner and developer compositions with semicrystalline polyolefin resins
|Aug 28, 1992
|Jan 11, 1994
|Xerox Corporation
|Toner composition and processes thereof
|Jul 29, 1992
|Mar 1, 1994
|Xerox Corporation
|Microsuspension processes for toner compositions
|Dec 14, 1992
|May 3, 1994
|Xerox Corporation
|Toner processes
|Jun 25, 1993
|Sep 6, 1994
|Xerox Corporation
|Process of making toner compositions
|Feb 25, 1993
|Sep 13, 1994
|Xerox Corporation
|Toner processes
|Jun 25, 1993
|Nov 15, 1994
|Xerox Corporation
|Toner aggregation processes
|Jun 25, 1993
|Dec 6, 1994
|Xerox Corporation
|Toner emulsion aggregation processes
|Jun 25, 1993
|Apr 4, 1995
|Xerox Corporation
|Toner aggregation and coalescence processes
|Jun 25, 1993
|May 23, 1995
|Xerox Corporation
|Toner emulsion aggregation process
|Feb 9, 2001
|May 7, 2002
|Kao Corporation
|Toner for electrophotography
|Jul 24, 2000
|May 28, 2002
|Konica Corporation
|Toner and production method of the same
|Mar 28, 2001
|Jul 2, 2002
|Fuji Xerox Co., Ltd.
|Electrophotographic toner, process for producing the same, electrophotographic developer, and process for forming image
|Jul 19, 2001
|Oct 29, 2002
|Konica Corporation
|Toner for developing electrostatic image and image forming method
|Jan 22, 2003
|Dec 14, 2004
|Xerox Corporation
|Toner compositions and processes thereof
|Mar 25, 2005
|Feb 24, 2009
|Xerox Corporation
|Ultra low melt toners comprised of crystalline resins
|Jul 23, 2001
|Mar 28, 2002
|Asao Matsushima
|Toner and image forming method
|Jan 22, 2003
|Jul 22, 2004
|Xerox Corporation
|Toner compositions and processes thereof
|Jan 21, 2004
|Jul 28, 2004
|Xerox Corporation
|Toner compositions and processes thereof
|Title not available
|Title not available
|U.S. Classification
|430/109.4, 430/111.4, 430/110.3
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification
|Jan 3, 2014
|Maintenance fee reminder mailed
|May 25, 2014
|Lapse for failure to pay maintenance fees
|Jul 15, 2014
|Expired due to failure to pay maintenance fee
Effective date: 20140525


text:
I think it's oversold...certainly relative to LEE and GCI....and that a move back up towards $2 seems more likely than not, after the earnings release.
They are not anywhere near bankruptcy, based upon the bank maturities going forward, and the underlying cash flows. And with Buffett's flirting with LEE, and my personal opinion that MNI is now more attractive than LEE, I think the smart play is to assume a rebound here, after the earnings release...rather than a plunge back to the lows of $1 or $1.25, from late last year. (I'll certainly be buying more aggressively, if it drops on the earnings release...unless there's some kind of fundamental change in my view of things.)
It may not be a buy at $2.50 or higher....but it certainly is at $1.55.
News and longtime,
You both might enjoy reading Bill Gross' most recent Pimco letter. He specifically questions pension return assumptions and the long run return on equities. He too refers to the recent law change which MNI touts as to their advantage as a "gimmick " and a "trick"; the future appears dark and stormy. Buckle up.
Page 61 of the 10k. 8.25% is their assumption. Not that different from many companies but scarier when you consider the huge unfunded liability of MNI. Unless Ben prints big $s, or there is a paradigm economic shift, their optimistic assumption is especially dangerous in light of the secular decline in newspaper ad revenue.
I'm skeptical they are talking an 8.25% return. If you could find the link, I'd like to see it.
I think MNI still assumes an 8.25% return on their plan which is underfunded by ~$500 million. For a small and shrinking company the amount is atrocious. We the taxpayers will pick up part of the tab if this thing goes bust. Yet, you favor lower contributions? The hole just gets deeper. Should we pray for Helicopter Ben to print more trillions?
Bond rates will not be this low forever. I think adjusting the contributions down makes sense.
Good call. But I would sell the news. Fall in operating cash flow will eventually result in problems. Lots of one time pluses. Ad spending still decreasing. And the pension forgiveness is just accounting gibberish if the global economy stays weak for an extended period.
I disagree with your overall bearishness, except for expected continued declines in revenues, which ARE a problem. But I Especially disagree with you on the pension stuff.
The stock should see $2.00-2.25 again. Short covering would certainly help. But I may start lightening up today, owing to margin call due Monday. (I only own 40K or so shares here, so I'm not going to overwhelm the market.)
I totally agree. Bought back in at 1.52 last week.
Sorry, meant to post this earnings sneak peek. Cup half full.


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It's that time of year again - the time we've been waiting months for.
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Dairy farmers are concerned milk prices hit record highs if Washington fails to reach a deal to avoid the the fiscal cliff.
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The last farm bill passed in 2008 and is now expiring. If Congress doesn't pass a new measure by Jan. 1 or extend key provisions, certain factors kick in that could send milk prices to $6 a gallon.
Should that happen, some dairy producers worry shoppers will switch to exported dairy products.
Agricultural industry leaders hope new farm legislation can be included in any fiscal package.
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The "Trump train" was derailed in Wisconsin as voters in the Badger State gave Ted Cruz a major victory over "The Donald." The big question now is – are the Republicans headed for a contested convention this summer?


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Karen| about 7 years ago
Commendable, I've also been in the SB transportation industry for many years. They are not Yours- You can mentor, challenger, encourager, however, they are your responsibility, you are not their parent, surrogate or otherwise. I've known drivers who go to the students door in the morning, dress the child, even feed the child. Drivers job is safe transportation and understanding the childs disabilities Unfortunately, many drivers would be better parents than those who gave birth. Please be professional.
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This super-soft eraser will erase pastels and charcoal. It cleans watercolor paper without roughing it or abrading it. Picks up its own shavings.
Measures 2-1/4" × 15/16" × 1/2" (57 mm × 24 mm × 13 mm). Comes in a cardboard sleeve.
see also ...
® General's is a registered trademark of the General Pencil Company.® Factis is a registered trademark.
(based on 9 reviews)
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Erasers a Big Hit!
By Terri the Teacher
from Center Moriches, NY
Comments about General's Factis Extra Soft Eraser:
My students discovered these erasers in their art class and wanted me to get them for my prize box in the classroom. The kids love them because these erasers are malleable like putty.
Bottom Line Yes, I would recommend this to a friend
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Factis Eraser
By Jan Artist
from Dallas, TX
Erases pastel beautifully.
(1 of 1 customers found this review helpful)
Excellent eraser for delicate surfaces
By PTartist
from Port Townsend WA
Perfect for erasing lightly drawn graphite or colored pencil, or even very light smudges of printmaking ink or watercolor on the right papers. Clean erasing!Not so much for the really tough to remove marks...
Super eraser!
By Catherine
from Beggs, OK
Clean erasure! Very little mess after erasing! Long lasting and easy to use!
(3 of 4 customers found this review helpful)
By Meh
from Kabul, Afghanistan
These erasers caused me more heartache than happiness. Several times I would smudge the area that I was trying to erase, even after insuring that they were clean. I had used these in the past and forgotten that they had caused this same issue before. I would not recommend them to anyone trying to do precise shading. I was often more frustrated than happy.
Bottom Line No, I would not recommend this to a friend
I love this product!
By kaplan arts
from Flushing, NY
it is indestructable which is crucial in a Middle School!
(8 of 9 customers found this review helpful)
No noise eraser!
By JM the OT
from metro PHX area
I'm a school based Occupational Therapist and have one particular student who has hypersensitive hearing and the sound of pencil erasers on paper was causing such stress and meltdown behaviors - numerous other "art" erasers were trialed and this was the one that we found he could tolerate. We purchased enough for all students in his classroom and it's been a big hit as well as helping this young boy be able to be a part in the classroom on a more regular and successful basis!
(9 of 9 customers found this review helpful)
Eraser works well yet is easy on paper
By Eternally Grateful
from Lee's Summit, MO
I bought this eraser to remove masking fluid from watercolor paper. It does that very well. I also find myself reaching for it when I just want to erase pencil lines from my drawing (go figure). Unlike a kneaded rubber eraser, It does leave little bits of eraser behind, which will need to be blown or brushed off of the paper, but I find it is very gentle and removes graphite without smearing, and the sharp edge allows me to make more precise erasures than a kneaded eraser.
(14 of 14 customers found this review helpful)
The very best
By Cat
from Massachusetts
This extra soft white plastic eraser is the absolute best for erasing pencil from paper. Unlike a kneaded eraser, it does not damage even watercolor paper if used carefully. The erasure dust comprises little rolls that are easily brushed away. I have left a sort of trail of these erasers for years, giving them to artist friends who were still using kneaded erasers or pink pearl erasers on their watercolor paper. They were all instant converts. I always have one of these with me. They work well with CarbOthello pastel pencils too - I sometimes use these instead of graphite pencils for underdrawings on watercolor paper.
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