text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|Aug 13, 1996
|Filing date
|Mar 14, 1994
|Priority date
|Mar 14, 1994
|Fee status
|Also published as
|Publication number
|Jeffrey N. Denenberg
|Original Assignee
|Noise Cancellation Technologies, Inc.
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (10), Non-Patent Citations (2), Referenced by (10), Classifications (11), Legal Events (6)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
This invention relates to an active noise DSP unit. Some anti-noise applications have weight and size constraints that limit ones ability to package a DSP based active noise control unit with the noise making appliance. This can be solved in applications involving an AC power source by packaging the controller at the AC power source and connecting to the anti-noise actuators in the appliance via signals sent and received over the AC power line. This technique also allows the sharing of a single controller with several appliances of the same class that have a common source of AC power.
The invention also provides for bandwidth limitations in the communication links over the AC power line and indicates a top-level system design for a remote noise canceling system for a hand held AC powered appliance. The example application used for this disclosure is a hand held blower that exhibits low frequency tonal noise.
The essence of this invention lies in enabling a more convenient packaging through the use of a standard communication scheme that passes the residual and anti-noise signals along the same wires used to provide power to the hand held appliance. The following section describes each of the subsystems at both ends of the power line.
Many systems using the AC power line as a communication pathway have been available at reasonable cost for several years. They use both analog and digital communication techniques. They are not compatible with each other and their reach includes all of the power circuits that are derived from a single distribution transformer. This means that several homes on the same street may have conflicting systems.
One popular system is the X10 system by BSR that is used to provide low speed digital communications in the home for various applications including:
Small units are either installed in electrical boxes or plugged into outlets that respond to signals from controllers that are also plugged into outlets around the house. Electrical appliances or lights can then be turned on and off or dimmed from any of the controller locations. A variety of controllers are available including timer units that can automate a sequence of operations, computer peripheral boards to allow control by user provided software, and remote RF linked controllers to allow portability.
The X10 system can also be used to collect data from remote sensors. this is done in the "Wireless" alarm systems supplied by several manufacturers where sensors report a change of state via the AC power line to a central controller that then activates alarms or telephone dialers (which in turn can be remoted from the controller over the AC power line).
Another system that uses the AC power line in a home for communications takes the form of a remote music system. Here a unit is connected to the speaker terminals of a music source and plugged into the AC power line. The music is modulated (usually using Frequency Modulation techniques) onto a carrier that is higher than 20 kHz. This signal then propagates throughout the house so that one or more remote speakers can be lugged into any outlet in the house, receive both power and the modulated carrier, demodulate and amplify the music for use at that location.
A system like that just described for remote speakers but with two carriers at different frequencies, one to transmit the remote extension telephone mouthpiece signal to the host telephone location and the other to allow full duplex operation so that the ear signal can simultaneously be sent from the host telephone location to the remote extension.
Digital communication techniques are also currently in use to provide wireless Local Area Network (LAN) connections for personal computers. An example is the "BestLAN" system from Black Box Corporation which provides a 2 Mbit/second bi-directional communication path between a set of personal computers using the EtherNet Protocols (also known as CSMA/CA--Carrier Sense Multiple Access/Collision Avoidance).
This section describes primary system requirements for allowing proper operation of an active noise cancellation system that uses communication channels to send the anti-noise to the appliance and return residual signals to the controller. It also describes the use of an analog communication system to convey the required signals between the appliance and the controller over the AC power line used to provide power for the appliance.
Some basic system requirements are:
The power line is a bandwidth limited facility. The number of communication channels required is one in each direction for one appliance. Each channel has a sufficient bandwidth to pass the noise to be canceled (about 1 kHz in the example application). This is well within the state of the art for wireless data communication systems via the power distribution system of a home and is easily done on a dedicated power line to the appliance.
The communication channels have sufficient S/N to allow the use of 12 or 16 bit A/D and D/A converters without significant degradation. This is an S/N of 72 to 90 dB.
reference Digital Communication System Design, M. S. Roden, Prentiss Hall, 1988
This is the classical system used in FM Broadcast radio today. A separate carrier frequency is chosen for each channel (this can be a sub-carrier on an optical channel) and the frequency of each carrier is modulated (varied) proportionally to that channel's information signal. A frequency detector is used to recover the information content for each channel.
The carriers are placed far enough apart in frequency so that simple filters can isolate them from the other channels. This along with the FM capture effect minimizes crosstalk.
The CSMA/CA (EtherNet) system is in common usage for computer Local Area Networks (LAN). Each data element is packaged in a "Packet" that contains a header with address information, the information element (a chunk of information, e.g., a 12 bit sample) and a trailer that contains redundant information for error detection. Such a system is quite flexible.
This system defines a multi-channel "Frame" in which a time slot is dedicated to each channel. The frames are transmitted at the sample rate (e.g., 10 kHz) and a sample from each channel is serially transmitted in its time slot. Additional time slots are dedicated to administrative functions such as:
The transmitter and receiver operate at the same speed and agree on time slot assignments.
Parity bits are sent as additional bits per channel or a Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) word is included in a separate time slot as a check across time slots in each frame.
The reference work (Roden, 1988) describes a similar technique, the 24 channel Telecommunications PCM system called T1 as used in the United States, in Section 5.6. The European equivalent (CEPT) system is a 32 channel system that dedicates channel 0 to synchronization and channel 16 to other administrative functions. The CEPT system operates at 2.048 Mbit/Sec whereas the T1 system operates at 1.544 Mbit/Sec.
These systems are used to provide multiple access for additional appliances. The resulting Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) system is introduced in Section 5.7 of the reference (Roden, 1988).
This method has advantages when dealing with multiple interacting entities. it involves selecting a set of "orthogonal" signals (when multiplied together and averaged over the period of orthogonality the result is zero) and using each one to define an independent communication channel (Chapter 12 of Roden, 1988).
The resulting Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) system is robust and can serve a reasonable number of independent communication channels. It has the drawback of delaying each signal by a time equal to the period of orthogonality and therefore will introduce significant communication delay that reduces the adaptation rate in tonal applications and eliminates the use of this approach in applications involving broadband noise.
Accordingly, it is an object of this invention to provide an active noise controller that communicates with the appliance being quieted by the appliance power connection.
A further object of this invention is to provide an active noise controller capable of controlling several appliances simultaneously.
Yet another object of this invention is to provide an analog communications system between a hand held appliance and an active noise controller adapted to quiet said appliance.
These and other objects will become apparent when reference is had to the following drawings in which:
FIG. 1 shows an appliance to be quieted,
FIG. 2 is a plot of the noise generated by the blower of FIG. 1,
FIG. 3 is an anti-noise controller disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,105,377,
FIG. 4 is a system diagram of the blower subsystems, and
FIG. 5 is a system diagram of the controller subsystems.
The application used here to exemplify the invention is a hand held, AC powered blower. FIG. 1 shows such a blower and the anti-noise sensors and actuators required to quiet the appliance.
This is a centrifugal blower. The noise generated by a blower of this class tends to look like that in FIG. 2. It has low frequency broadband noise and a narrow band or tonal component at the rate (typically about 400 Hz) at which the blades of the impeller pass the cutoff of the blower housing. The A-weighted noise measurement as well as the perceived disturbing nature of the noise is dominated by the component at the blade passage rate.
Therefore using active noise cancellation to reduce the tonal component is a significant improvement in the product. FIG. 3 shows an anti-noise controller based on the Digital Virtual Earth (DVE) technique, U.S. Pat. No. 5,105,377, herein incorporated by reference, which is the system used for canceling the blade passage tone in this instant application.
One problem in this application is the constraint on size and weight which can make it difficult to package the signal processing electronics in the blower housing.
FIG. 4 shows the blower subsystems and the components therein which are closely associated with the transducers plus the modulation and separation elements to allow the use of the AC power line as a bi-directional communications path.
The residual microphone 40 picks up the remaining noise after cancellation and provides the electrical signal to allow the algorithm in the controller to constantly adjust the generated anti-noise for quietest operation. The microphone is connected to the microphone preamplifier 41, a low noise amplifier adapted to produce a strong enough signal from the weak signal produced by the residual microphone 40. The low pass filters 42 make certain that only the desired signals pass to the Modulator 43 or from the Demodulator 45. The modulator 43 varies a parameter (the frequency for FM) of the carrier (F1) proportionally with the residual signal which goes to the separation filter 44 which has three filter elements:
(i) a low pass/high pass filter that passes the AC power to the blower motor,
(ii) the power supply for the blower electronics, and
(iii) two band pass filters, each centered on one of the carrier frequencies.
The demodulator 45 receives the modulated (at F2) anti-noise signal from the separation filter and reproduces the anti-noise that was generated in the controller. The anti-noise amplifier 47 produces enough anti-noise to match the noise power and the anti-noise speaker 48 generates the anti-noise and projects it into the blower outlet so that it couples accurately with the noise and allows quiet operation.
Packaged in the controller are the Digital Signal Processing elements plus the modulation and separation elements to allow the use of the AC power line as a bi-directional communication path. These subsystems are shown in FIG. 5.
An analog to digital (A/D) converter 50 converts the Residual Noise signal into a sequence of digital samples at a rate that is 4 to 6 times higher than the highest frequency to be processed. The signal should be filtered first to avoid aliasing, the confusion of high frequency information with low frequency information that can result from the sampling process.
A digital to analog converter 51 creates the anti-noise signal from a sequence of digital samples generated by the DVE algorithm 52. The output must be filtered to remove high frequency repetitions that exist in the digital domain and would produce audible noise in the appliance. The filters make certain that the signals passed to the A/D or from the D/A contain only frequencies that are below the Nyquist rate (1/2 the sampling rate). The modulator 54 varies a parameter (the frequency for FM) of the carrier (F2) proportionally with the anti-noise signal. The separation filter 55 has three filter elements:
(i) a low pass/high pass filter that passes the AC power to the blower motor,
(ii) the power supply for the blower electronics, and
(iii) two band pass filters, each centered on one of the carrier frequencies.
The demodulator 56 receives the modulated (at F1) residual noise signal from the separation filter and passes it to the A/D converter.
Having described the invention it will be obvious to those of ordinary skill in the art that changes and modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the appended claims.
|Cited Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|Apr 19, 1974
|Apr 8, 1975
|Concord Computing Corp
|Apparatus for utilizing an a.c. power line to couple a remote terminal to a central computer in a communication system
|Dec 28, 1977
|Apr 29, 1980
|Pico Electronics Limited
|Appliance control
|Jun 8, 1981
|Nov 29, 1983
|Pittway Corporation
|Appliance control system
|Oct 10, 1989
|Jan 29, 1991
|Osaki Electric Co., Ltd.
|Method for transmitting and receiving signals over transmission power lines
|Feb 22, 1989
|May 21, 1991
|Hitachi Plant Engineering & Construction Co., Ltd.
|Electronic noise attenuation system
|Nov 13, 1989
|Sep 24, 1991
|Secure Telecom, Inc.
|Remote control system using power line of remote site
|Oct 4, 1989
|Nov 19, 1991
|Mansfield Jr Amos R
|Method and means of operating a power line carrier communication system
|Feb 9, 1990
|Apr 14, 1992
|Noise Cancellation Technologies, Inc.
|Digital virtual earth active cancellation system
|Aug 23, 1990
|Jul 7, 1992
|Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba
|Active noise control apparatus for domestic appliance
|Jul 28, 1993
|Dec 20, 1994
|Noise Cancellation Technologies, Inc.
|Remote siren headset
|M. S. Roden, "Digital Communication Systems Designs," Sections 5.6-5.9, 12.1 (1988).
|M. S. Roden, Digital Communication Systems Designs, Sections 5.6 5.9, 12.1 (1988).
|Citing Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|Jun 3, 1998
|May 9, 2000
|Andrea Electronics Corporation
|Noise cancellation apparatus
|Feb 27, 1998
|Jun 6, 2000
|Tenneco Automotive Inc.
|Modular active silencer with port dish
|Jul 29, 1998
|Aug 21, 2001
|Telex Communications, Inc.
|Active noise cancellation aircraft headset system
|Feb 18, 1999
|Mar 26, 2002
|Andrea Electronics Corporation
|System, method and apparatus for cancelling noise
|Oct 25, 1999
|Jul 15, 2003
|Andrea Electronics Corporation
|Super directional beamforming design and implementation
|Feb 18, 1998
|Nov 25, 2003
|Stanley J. York
|Active noise cancellation apparatus and method
|Feb 26, 2013
|Robert Bosch Gmbh
|Adaptive digital noise canceller
|Jan 12, 2012
|Dec 30, 2014
|Altera Corporation
|Methods and apparatus for transceiver power noise reduction
|Jun 30, 2011
|Lalin Theverapperuma
|Adaptive digital noise canceller
|Feb 26, 2010
|Sep 2, 2010
|A cosmetic or skin treatment appliance fitted with an active noise control system
|U.S. Classification
|381/71.3, 381/71.6, 340/310.13, 340/310.11, 340/310.16, 340/12.37, 340/12.32, 340/12.34
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification
|Apr 22, 1994
Owner name: NOISE CANCELLATION TECHNOLOGIES, INC., MARYLAND
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:DENENBERG, JEFFREY N.;REEL/FRAME:006982/0986
Effective date: 19940414
|Jan 31, 2000
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 4
|Feb 13, 2004
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 8
|Feb 18, 2008
|Maintenance fee reminder mailed
|Aug 13, 2008
|Lapse for failure to pay maintenance fees
|Sep 30, 2008
|Expired due to failure to pay maintenance fee
Effective date: 20080813


text:
International Relations Office
Incoming Exchange Students
After Applying
Congratulations, you have applied to be an exchange student at NUS! This section will cover all of the necessary things to do before and after receiving your acceptance. Please read all of the information to ensure you are properly prepared for your experience in Singapore.
After you have applied online for the position of a non-graduating "Exchange Student" and uploaded all relevant supporting documents before the deadlines, you should be checking your email (ie the same email given during application) regularly for important updates from NUS Registrar's Office. Please check your spam folder as some emails from NUS might be automatically directed to your spam folder depending on your email settings. Alternatively, you can use your application ID and password to log in to the application portal and check for your application status.
NUS Registrar's Office will contact you via email for at least one of the three circumstances stated below:
You have submitted incomplete supporting documents. Please note that softcopy of all supporting documents need to be uploaded onto the online application portal. Do refer to the application checklist meant for "Exchange Students".
You have failed to obtain a minimum of three modules (or 12 modular credits) per semester. NUS Registrar's Office will contact you via email to select more modules. Students who do not manage to secure a minimum of 12 modular credits after two rounds of modules reselection will be deemed as unsuccessful applicants.
Module requests will be assessed by the academics teaching the module based on availability and pre-requisites. Applicants are automatically barred from adding modules with clashing timetables or choosing modules which are not offered to exchange students. Modules placement is not guaranteed. Business, Law and Economics modules at NUS are extremely oversubscribed. If you did not secure any of the popular modules during the first round of course selection, please do not repeat your request for any of these modules in subsequent rounds of reselection in order to avoid delays with your application. Successful Law modules applicants will be contacted by NUS Law directly for the official Law modules registration. If you have applied for Law modules and did not received any follow-up emails from NUS Law, it means you are not considered for Law modules. You might like to read about module selection to guide you in your modules reselection.
You have successfully secured a minimum of 12 modular credits for the issuance of Student's Pass. The official offer email will be sent out by mid-June for exchange that starts in August and by mid- November for exchange that starts in the following January.
The offer email contains web links to the modules you have secured, the NUS Registration Guide and on-campus accommodation application instructions (if applicable). You are expected to follow the instructions and deadlines stated in these documents so that you do not miss out on important information related to accommodation and visa arrangement. Please note that all deadlines are set based on Singapore's time zone.
If you wish to make changes to the modules you have secured at the point of offer, you can do so during the "Add/Drop" exercise which will be conducted in the first two weeks of each semester. Details about the "Add/Drop" exercise are stated clearly in the NUS Registration Guide.
Before you receive the official offer email, if you wish to update your application particulars or have any questions about your application, please email to firstname.lastname@example.com directly.
At NUS, non-graduating exchange students are not guaranteed on-campus accommodation.
Successful on-campus accommodation applicants
If you have indicated "YES" on your online exchange application for on-campus accommodation, you can apply for housing once you received an invitation via email from NUS. The invitation to apply for housing will appear in your letter of offer. The housing application will be done via the University Housing Management System (UHMS). If you need a certain type of room due to existing medical conditions, please highlight your needs and provide official medical documents during the housing registration period.
A non-refundable application fee of S$26.75 is required when using the UHMS. Upon acceptance of an offer, you will be required to make an advance payment of S$200 by the stipulated deadline to secure the room. You may be allocated to an accommodation that is different from your preferred choice due to the non-availability of your preferred accommodation venue. If that happens, you can write to Office of Student Affairs to appeal for another accommodation.
If you are not satisfied with the accommodation allocated to you, you do not need to pay the S$200 advance payment by the stipulated deadline and Office of Student Affairs will release the room to the next applicant on the waiting list.
If the housing payments are made before the deadline, a confirmation email will be sent to you with details of the allocated room. Please print and bring the email for submission to the accommodation Management Office during check-in.
Complete information on the housing application procedure, including descriptions of NUS accommodation choices, meal plan fees, vacation stay, late & early check-in, and check-out information, can be found on the Office of Student Affairs' Hostel Admission Services site.
Unsuccessful on-campus accommodation applicants
If you have indicated "NO" in your online application for on-campus accommodation, you will be barred from the accommodation allocation exercise automatically and you will not receive information on accommodation application. Please arrange for your off-campus accommodation on your own.
Even if you have indicated "YES" for on-campus accommodation, you might still be unsuccessful in obtaining on-campus accommodation. If that happens, you should review the Office of Student Affairs' list of contacts and resource references for recommendation on off-campus accommodation providers.
If you have accommodation related enquiries you can refer to the database of Frequently Asked Questions or send an enquiry via the UHMS site.
Step 3: Get health and travel insurance coverage
Every international student must take up the compulsory NUS Group Medical Insurance Scheme.
The insurance premium is subject to revision from time to time.
Click here for details of the insurance coverage. Please note that not all health services are covered by the NUS Group Medical Insurance Scheme so you may wish to enrol with a private health insurance organisation that offers services not covered by the scheme.
With effect from 1 January 2016, all registered NUS students will be covered under a blanket travel insurance. This blanket travel insurance covers the official NUS trips during the course of exchange. More details can be found online. If the coverage is not enough for you, it is highly recommended that you purchase an additional travel insurance on your own.
Step 4: Prepare the documents needed for Student's Pass application
International students studying in Singapore are required to have their "Student's Pass" approved by the Immigration and Checkpoints Authority (ICA) of Singapore. Your offer of admission to NUS is conditional upon your successful application of your Student's Pass.
All incoming international students who are applying for a Student's Pass for 6 months and above are required to do a medical examination (details will be provided in the letter of offer).
NUS Registrar's Office will apply for the entry visa and an In-Principle Approval (IPA) letter for all international students through the ICA Student's Pass Online Application and Registration (SOLAR) system. All international students will then be required to fill out an online eForm 16 and print a copy to be brought to Singapore.
For international students who do not require an entry visa to Singapore, you will only need to show your passport and disembarkation card to get through Singapore immigration. You will be given the stamped IPA letter on the date of registration at NUS and you need the letter to collect your Student's Pass from ICA.
For international students who require an entry visa to Singapore, NUS will send the IPA letter via email to you after the application has been approved by ICA. The IPA letter will serve as a single-trip entry visa upon arrival in Singapore. Please show your passport, disembarkation card and the IPA letter to get through Singapore immigration. Upon registration at NUS, another IPA letter will be stamped and issued to you before you can proceed to collect your Student's Pass from ICA.
Step 5: Estimate the costs of living
Below is a list of estimated expenditure a single student may likely incur during his or her stay in Singapore. These amounts will vary accordingly depending on your personal needs and lifestyle pattern. You are advised to refer to the sample data as a rough guide for planning your expected living costs.
Please note that this sample only includes expenses for your daily essentials and does not account for non-essentials and major items such as shopping, entertainment, computers, electronic/communication devices, travel plans, etc.
Estimated Costs (per month)
Food (3 meals a day)
Public Transport
Books & Stationery (depends on course of study)
Personal expenses (Telecommunication, toiletries, clothing etc.)
* Actual cost depends on type of residence and type of room. For the hostel fees you may refer to the Office of Student Affairs' Residential Services site.
# Actual rental depends on whether there is room sharing and whether utilities are included in the rent.
Generally, NUS does not allow non-graduating course-work based exchange students holding a Student's Pass to work in Singapore.
Step 6: Plan your arrival date to Singapore and to NUS
You are advised to arrive in Singapore in time for the official registration date at NUS. The registration date differs every semester and you have to read the content in the NUS Registration Guide for detailed instructions.
The Registration Guide includes information on:
Please read the guide and join the activities specially prepared for you in order to familiarise yourself with NUS and Singapore.
You are also encouraged to participate in the activities customised for you by our Peer Advising Leaders. Some of the activities such as "Campus Tour with Networking & Information Session", "Welcome Party" and "Row, Row, Row your Dragonboat" for exchange students are always popular and well attended. Do remember to join our Facebook once you have registered as an NUS student so as to get the latest updates from us!
For highlights of events customised for non-graduating students at NUS, please refer to the attachment. The events are subject to change; therefore please look out for our emails for up-to-date information on our events. This list is not exhaustive as there are more events and activities happening all year round at NUS. Please also refer to the NUS Calendar of Events for more information.
We respect your decision if you do not wish to be on the mailing list for any of the events or activities organised by the International Relations Office, please write to us to have your email removed from our mailing lists if this is your preference. However, we encourage you to stay on the mailing list in order to join in the fun and networking opportunities which will help to make your exchange more rewarding!
Step 7: Take a look at the useful references
We have prepared a list of materials and videos for you to refer so that you can prepare yourself after you have applied to NUS. Please read them.
If you have questions at this stage, please email to AskIRO portal.

subset: commoncrawl


text: Actions from MaxymousAnonymous Movable Type Pro 5.2.11 2013-04-02T20:19:07Z http://www.witf.org/mt/mt-cp.cgi?__mode=feed&_type=actions&blog_id=9&id=1406 Commented on Radio Smart Talk: Women and men pay gap in Smart Talk tag:www.witf.org,2013:/smart-talk//9.81851#34708 2013-04-02T19:19:07Z MaxymousAnonymous What a shame that it's 2013, and yet we still hear of issues such as this taking place. With that said, what I find to be equally as shameful, is that the YWCA; a long-standing organization known for women's advocacy can have the audacity to speak out on this very topic, and yet be guilty of paying their staff members an annual salary that is low enough for them to live in poverty. I can only imagine that the officers of the said organization do not share these concerns.]]>


text:
Lastest News
For further information and registration on the following
activities check the club's newsletter
Events 2016
Zurich Summer Grill and Adventure Walk – Sunday 12th June
Please come and join us for a day out with grill and an activity walk for the kids. We will meet at the Sihlwald Visitors Centre for a grill and then after lunch head off for a 2km walk in the forest around the activity loop. The beginning and end of the walk is quite steep but its possible to walk a longer route with a buggy. At an easy pace the walk is about 1.5hrs.
Where: Alte Sihltalstrasse 38, 8135 Date: Sunday 12th June 2016 Time: 10:30 am – 4pm (or any time in between).
Approx: 11am – 12.30pm lunch, 1pm – 3pm walk, 3pm – 4pm snack and farewell. If you have younger children you may wish to do the walk earlier, have lunch and leave for afternoon sleeps. Which ever way you are more than welcome to make the day fit best for you.
RSVP: No particular need to RSVP but would be nice if you could email Claire to let her know so she has an approx idea of numbers and can look out for you on arrival.
Bring: Sausages and BBQ food.
Share: Something small like fruit or cake for energy after the walk.
Directions: Sihlwald can be reached easily by the S4 train from Zurich HB. There is also a bus from Horgen and Sihlbrugg as well as paid parking.
Wine Tasting
Christmas Party
Rüschlikon Forsthaus, Zürich
Past Events:
May Summer Drinks
Please join us for our first summer gathering of 2016 in Zurich. Starting at 4pm you can bring your kids for a play in the park and sit under the trees to enjoy a cool drink and snacks. Or come along after work and enjoy the music, drinks and some great food from the grill.
Fritschi's Grill is run by a fellow kiwi Jasmine who makes good honest food with a few small treats from home. Check the website www.fritschisgrill.ch for more information.
Where: Fritschi's Grill, Fritschiwiese, 40 Zypressentrasse, 8003, Zurich
Date: Friday 27th May 2016 Time: 4pm – 10pm
Directions: Fritschi's Grill is located in Wiedikon Zurich very close to Albisreiderplatz (Bus nos 33, 72 and 82) and right next to Zypressentrasse Tram stop (Nos 2 and 3, just 12mins from Zurich HB Train stration)
ANZAC day picnic
24. April
Blaues Haus, Thalwil
Waitangi Day
This Saturday Sam at the NZ Cafe in Langstrasse, Zurich, is offering 2 chf dirty cappuccinos. See the attached information. It would be great to see some Kiwis from the club there between 14:00 and 16:00 on Saturday to drink the best coffee in CH.
Ski Weekend
Bruni, Schwyz
23./24. January
Christmas Party
(new photos)
29. November
Rüschlikon Forsthaus, Zürich
Wine Tasting
6.November (instead of the 30.October, sorry for such short notice)
Karl der Grosse
New Photos online!
30. August
Waldhütte, Aesch bei Birmensdorf
(Photos will follow soon)
Summer Walk
5. July
Flühli, Luzern
8. May
Helferei, Kirchgasse 13, Zürich 8001
The NZ and OZ Commissions in Geneva ANZAC Day
memorial service
25. April
The details are as follows:
ANZAC day picnic
New Photos!
26. April
Blaues Haus, Thalwil
Ski Weekend
New fotos
24. & 25. January
Bruni, Schwyz
Christmas Party
New Photos
When: 23 November 2014
Where: Forsthaus Chopfholz, Rüschlikon
We have a fantastic new location for the Christmas party at the Forsthaus Chopfholz in Rüschlikon. The Forsthaus was rebuilt in late 2012 after the previous waldhütte burnt down. The new waldhütte has received several acclaims in the architectural world for its design. While it is still a waldhütte it has been made a nice light, airy and comfortable space.
The afternoon will start with a crafts table for the kids and good chat for the adults while the wee nippers are occupied. Then the fat jolly fellow in red suit will fly in with gifts for the kids. After these have been given out we will end with a good afternoon tea.
Wine Tasting
When: 31 October 2014 / 19.00 - 23.00
Where: Zürich, Karl der Grosse
New Photos
Are you an "ABC" (I'll drink Anything But Chardonnay)? Or are you bored by the same old standards - Cabernet, Shiraz & Pinot Noir? Then this wine tasting is for you. Have you chug-a-lugged a "Ciliegiolo", fiddled with a "Furmint", mouthed a "Maratheftiko", tampered with a "Tannat", or toyed with a Touriga Nacional? With over 1000 different wine grape varieties, many of them lost for generations but now being rediscovered, the time is right to start widening your drinking horizons. This tasting will feature the up and coming ancient varieties newly discovered as well as a few first class super sweet wines at the end of the tasting.
Places are limited to 30 club members. To register check your email from the NZ Club sent on 7 October 2014.
16 May 2014
The New Zealand Association is a club for expatriate New Zealanders and their families living in Switzerland. To be eligible to join the club you must either hold a New Zealand passport, be related to a New Zealander, or be able to demonstrate that you have very strong ties to New Zealand.


text:
New Elementary School Opens In Chicago's East SideA new elementary school opened Friday in the East Side neighborhood just in time for the first day of school on Sept. 6 due to a growing demand.
Man Charged With Firing Shots At Police On Far South SideCarlos Padilla, 19, was charged with felony counts of aggravated assault/using a firearm against a peace officer, and aggravated assault with discharge of a firearm, according to police.
11 Wounded In Monday Shootings Across ChicagoMost recently, three men were injured in a South Shore neighborhood shooting.
4 Killed, 8 Wounded In Tuesday ShootingsMost recently, a man was shot to death in the South Side Englewood neighborhood, police said. The 31-year-old was standing outside with a group of people in the 7000 block of South Morgan about 11:30 p.m. when several males walked up and someone opened fire.
Man Shot During Robbery Attempt On Far South SideAbout 7:50 p.m., the 23-year-old was shot in the hand during an attempted robbery in the 11200 block of South Avenue H, police said. The shooter ran off without getting any of the man's property.
3 Dead, 19 Wounded In Chicago Weekend ShootingsThe most recent homicide happened Sunday afternoon in the South Side Gresham neighborhood. Brianna Jenkins, 19, and a 22-year-old man were sitting in a car about 4:30 p.m. in the 7800 block of South Honore when someone walked up and opened fire, according to Chicago Police and the Cook County medical examiner's office.
2 Killed, 7 Wounded In Thursday ShootingsThe latest fatal shooting was a gang-related attack at a Brighton Park neighborhood gas station just before 3 p.m., police said.
East Side Man Charged With Abusing 10 Pit BullsBond was set at $75,000 for a 49-year-old man facing more than 20 felony charges after several "abused" pit bulls were found living in "deplorable" conditions at his home on the Far South Side last week.
Police Investigate Assault Allegation At Catholic High SchoolChicago police were investigating after a baseball player at a Catholic high school on the Far South Side allegedly was sexually assaulted by several teammates last month, and 12 students have been suspended in connection with the incident.
4 Killed, 18 Wounded In Weekend ShootingsThe most recent fatal shooting happened Sunday evening in the Ravenswood neighborhood on the North Side. A witness saw the man, between 18 and 25 years old, in an alley with several other males when gunshots were heard, police said. A red SUV was seen driving from the scene.
Teen Shot In East SideThe boy, 15, was walking in the 10400 block of South Avenue L about 8:10 p.m. when someone inside a passing black-colored vehicle fired at him.
Emanuel Announces New School For Southeast SideNew school aimed at easing overcrowding at two existing schools in East Side neighborhood, but parents worry existing schools won't get needed repairs, upgrades.


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Elevated Liver Enzymes and Abnormal Bone Marrow
Q: My father is a 61 year old male. He took a fall while roller skating at my daughters birthday party back in July of 2010 and injured his shoulder. He spent several months in a great deal of pain. Concerned he finally sought treatment and began physical therapy. Meanwhile, he had a blood panel done about a month ago. His test came back with liver enzymes elevated so much they asked if he had a drinking problem. My father is a non-drinker, not even an occassional drink out of pure hatred towards the acholism his parents went through. He also had high blood pressure. After several months of his should pain not getting any better, they did a test (cannot recall why type of imaging) and it should an abnormality in his bone marrow - a growth? They have scheduled nuclear imaging with dye for next week. His mother died of leukemia at the age of 72. I am not asking for any medical diagnosis, but just advice of the possible medical issues he could be facing so I can do as much research as possible so I'm prepared for the outcome. Please let me know what you think.
A: Considering the positive family history of leukemia, and a strong negative history of alcohol for your father, leukemia seems to be a more likely diagnosis as it compromises liver function leading to the elevated levels of liver enzymes. Another diagnosis could be a secondary growth, which is a growth not located primarily in the bone marrow, but in other parts of the body, likely the bones. Other possible causes for the elevated levels of liver enzymes could be a viral liver infection, or medication that he may have been taking (possible herbal or other over the counter medications). I hope this helps.
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|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|May 31, 2011
|Filing date
|May 8, 2007
|Priority date
|May 8, 2006
|Fee status
|Also published as
|Publication number
|Christof Thiel, Andreas Bethmann
|Original Assignee
|Robert Bosch Gmbh
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (13), Classifications (5), Legal Events (3)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
A method and a device for the diagnosis of a motor vehicle are described in German Patent Application No. DE 100 33 586, in which a characteristic value that is used for controlling the motor vehicle is adapted. In this context, the adapted characteristic value is compared to an upper and a lower threshold value, and an error message takes place if the adapted characteristic value goes beyond (exceeds) the upper or lower threshold value.
The method according to the present invention and the device according to the present invention have the advantage that the adapted characteristic values become comparable because of the normalization, and thus a plurality of normalized characteristic values may be utilized in common for the detection of a possibly faulty component part of the motor vehicle. This enables an improved quality in the diagnosis of a motor vehicle. Faults in a component of the motor vehicle can thus already be detected before they become noticeable as faults which influence the vehicle operation or the exhaust gas of the motor vehicle. Furthermore, it is true that a fault in the system can be detected by some diagnostic functions, but not which component is faulty. Such a faulty component can then be identified by the method according to the present invention and the control device according to the present invention.
The calculation of the normalization takes place, especially, simply starting from the adapted characteristic value, while taking into account an initial value and a threshold value for the characteristic value. In the case of fixed threshold values, they can simply be read out from a memory. Furthermore, there are threshold values which are a function of operating states. In the case of these characteristic values, the normalization then takes place as a function of the operating states of the internal combustion engine, which, particularly with regard to changing operating states, permits establishing over what time period the normalized characteristic values have a deviation from the initial value. Because of the normalization, the normalized characteristic values become independent of the operating states of the internal combustion engine. Moreover, the method according to the present invention can be utilized for triggering an additional test program, in order to recognize the cause of a possible fault before the possibly faulty component leads to interference in the operation of the motor vehicle. Thus, even before the occurrence of noticeable faults, a diagnosis can be made, so that the motor vehicle can be brought to a shop in time, before a malfunction of the motor vehicle takes place. The method according to the present invention can also be triggered in a shop, in order, here too, to track down faulty components even before the noticeable occurrence of faults. Furthermore, the method according to the present invention can also be used for determining a faulty component in response to the occurrence of a fault message, which cannot be clearly assigned to an individual component. This measure can then also be utilized to implement a meaningful emergency operation.
The air pressure outside the motor vehicle is measured by environmental pressure sensor 2. The air quantity flowing through air duct 11 is measured by flow sensor 2. The flow cross section of air duct 11 is influenced by throttle valve 4, so that the quantity of air that flows into combustion chamber 10 can be controlled. The pressure in air duct 11 is measured immediately before combustion chamber 10 by intake manifold pressure sensor 5.
All these components, that is, sensors 2, 3, 5 or actuator 4, are used for controlling the motor vehicle or, in this case, the internal combustion engine. Within control device 1, characteristic values are used for internal calculations, that is, values which represent either a sensor value or a control variable for an actuator or an intermediate step of the calculation. Based on manufacturing variances of the components, or changes during the running operation, it is necessary, in this instance, for the purpose of evaluating the sensor signals or for the purpose of activating actuators, to adjust the characteristic values to the components. For instance, the setting of throttle valve 4 can vary to a certain degree, as a function of the activating signals that are generated by control device 1. Based on measurements of sensors, control device 1 can ascertain what deviations throttle valve 4 has from ideal behavior, and can compensate for this effect by an appropriate adjustment or adaptation of the characteristic values that are used for activating throttle valve 4. The adjustment starts from an initial value for the characteristic value, which corresponds to an ideal state of the sensors or actuators. Starting from this initial value, an adaptation is then made, that is, an adjustment to the real behavior of the individual components. In the same way, the measuring signal of sensor 5, for example, may have certain deviations from an initial value, which is then also taken into consideration by an adaptive characteristic value in the control device.
If characteristic values adapted in such a way are used, the adaptation of control device 1 has to be limited, in the process, in order not to adapt the characteristic values to nonsensical and implausible values. Therefore, threshold values are provided for each adapted characteristic value. For characteristic values which are able to be adapted in the positive as well as the negative direction, an upper and lower threshold value is then provided correspondingly. For characteristic values that can only be adapted in one direction, such as adapted only positively, only one threshold value is then provided. When the adapted characteristic value goes beyond the threshold value, this characteristic value is judged to be faulty, and there follows a corresponding error message. As a function of such an error message, further measures, such as an emergency operation or an additional fault search can then be undertaken.
For a part of the characteristic values, the situation will probably be that a fixed upper and lower limit is provided for the threshold value. For instance, in the case of the throttle valve, there may be an angular error in the setting of throttle valve 4, which originates from manufacturing fluctuations. This is possible, for instance, to the extent of �2 degrees. In this context, this fluctuation is independent of operating states of the motor vehicle, that is, the corresponding adapted characteristic value, which compensates for the fluctuation of the throttle valve setting, has a threshold value that is independent of the operating states of the motor vehicle. By contrast, in the case of pressure sensor 5, which measures the intake manifold pressure immediately before combustion chamber 10, the measuring error present at pressure sensor 5 is a function of the operating state of the motor vehicle or the internal combustion engine. At low engine speed the measuring error of pressure sensor 5 is low, whereas at a high engine speed and a simultaneously largely closed throttle valve 4, a very large measuring error can occur. The corresponding adapted characteristic value, which takes these fluctuations into account must, therefore, be compared to threshold values which also depend on the operating states of the motor vehicle or the internal combustion engine.
From the adapted characteristic values, normalized characteristic values are therefore formed, which make the individual characteristic values comparable to one another. In this context, normalization is always carried out in principle to a value of 100%, a normalization of 100% meaning that the adapted characteristic value has attained the threshold value. In the case of the example of throttle valve 4 named above, this means that a normalized characteristic value of �100% corresponds to the admissible maximum deviation of �2 degrees angular tolerance of throttle valve 4. For the above example of the pressure sensor, for the purpose of normalization, the dependence of the threshold values of the operating states of the motor vehicle or the internal combustion engine has to be taken into account. For a low engine speed and a wide open throttle valve 4, the normalized value �100% thus means a clearly narrower band than for an operating state having an almost closed throttle valve and a high speed, in which, in fact, high values for the intake manifold pressure can occur, and correspondingly great fluctuations in the signal measured by pressure sensor 5.
In general, it is specified by the normalization to what extent the adapted characteristic value has already changed, starting from its initial value, by the adaptation in the direction towards the threshold value. This value can then be stated, for example, as a percentage or as a value between 0 and �1.
None of the normalized characteristic values shown here has a value beyond the threshold values of +100%. As seen by itself, it would also be no problem if the plausibility value, that is, normalized characteristic value A, or the intake manifold pressure sensor correction value, that is, normalized characteristic value D, had a value of −80%. The pattern shown here, characteristic value A +90%, characteristic value D −80%, may, however, be typical for a faulty pressure sensor 5. Consequently, for the purpose of diagnosis, not only is the exceeding of a threshold value evaluated, but also when several characteristic values change in a certain way. Such typical patterns of the adapted characteristic values or the normalized characteristic values derived from them can be gathered either based on theoretical considerations or by experience on real motor vehicles. A malfunction or failure of a certain component, be it a sensor or an actuator, can thus be brought into connection, using certain deviation patterns of the normalized characteristic values. The possibilities of the diagnosis, and particularly of the identification of an individual faulty component, are improved thereby.
The method according to the present invention can, for instance, also be used to identify faulty components if one of the adapted characteristic values goes beyond a threshold value. Normalized characteristic value A could, for instance, have a value of +100%, which would indicate that consistent air supply through air duct 11 was implausible. However, based on this information alone, it could not be identified which of various components in connection with air duct 11, such as mass flow sensor 3, throttle valve actuator 4 or intake manifold pressure sensor 5 is the one that is faulty. The identification of faulty component 3, 4, 5 could then be made by evaluation of additional values, for instance, as described above, normalized characteristic values B, C, D.
If, as described in connection with
The method according to the present invention can also be initiated by a repair shop, either in connection with a repair, to identify the actual faulty component or, in routine fashion, within the scope of an inspection. In this context, in a diagnostic tester of the repair shop, data can be stored regarding characteristic patterns of normalized characteristic values, which identify a faulty component. In the case of components that have become subject to ageing, these patterns can also be used to identify the ageing state of a component and hopefully to make possible an exchange of a part before it fails.
|Cited Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|Mar 19, 1982
|Jun 25, 1985
|Daimler-Benz Aktiengesellschaft
|Process for determining maintenance and serving intervals on motor vehicles
|Nov 6, 1992
|Aug 24, 1993
|Ford Motor Company
|Method and apparatus for operating an engine having a faulty fuel type sensor
|Jun 6, 1995
|Sep 2, 1997
|Goldman; Robert J.
|Capacitive biofeedback sensor with resilient polyurethane dielectric for rehabilitation
|Dec 5, 1996
|Apr 21, 1998
|Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha
|Apparatus and method for detecting abnormality of air flow meter
|Jun 28, 1996
|Jan 11, 2000
|Arcelik A.S.
|Model-based fault detection system for electric motors
|Apr 9, 1999
|Aug 29, 2000
|Cummins Engine Co Inc
|Fault recognition system and method for an internal combustion engine
|May 11, 2001
|Apr 27, 2004
|Robert Bosch Gmbh
|Method and device for error detection and diagnosis in a knock sensor
|Oct 26, 2000
|Jul 20, 2004
|Robert Bosch Gmbh
|Method for recognition of faults on a motor vehicle
|Aug 17, 2010
|Cummins Filtration Ip, Inc.
|System for diagnosing reagent solution quality
|May 5, 2000
|Nov 8, 2001
|Bosch Gmbh Robert
|Error detection during evaluation of knock sensor signals in internal combustion engine involves forming at least one of the upper and lower thresholds based on preceding reference evaluation
|Jul 11, 2000
|Jan 24, 2002
|Bosch Gmbh Robert
|Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Fehlererkennung bzw. Diagnose
|Jul 28, 2000
|Feb 14, 2002
|Bosch Gmbh Robert
|Operating fuel allocation system of a direct-injection internal combustion engine, involves using value defining conveyance characteristic curve of high-pressure pumps for defect diagnosis
|Title not available
|U.S. Classification
|701/31.1, 123/568.11
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification
|Jul 30, 2007
Owner name: ROBERT BOSCH GMBH, GERMANY
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:ROBERT BOSCH GMBH;REEL/FRAME:019620/0848
Effective date: 20070614
|Sep 10, 2007
Owner name: ROBERT BOSCH GMBH, GERMANY
Free format text: CORRECTIVE ASSIGNMENT TO INDICATE THE ASSIGNORS NAMES ON THE NOTICE OF RECORDATION OF ASSIGNMENT DOCUMENT PREVIOUSLY RECORDED AT REEL/FRAME;ASSIGNORS:THIEL, CHRISTOF;BETHMANN, ANDREAS;REEL/FRAME:019808/0925;SIGNING DATES FROM 20070614 TO 20070615
Owner name: ROBERT BOSCH GMBH, GERMANY
Free format text: CORRECTIVE ASSIGNMENT TO INDICATE THE ASSIGNORS NAMES ON THE NOTICE OF RECORDATION OF ASSIGNMENT DOCUMENT PREVIOUSLY RECORDED AT REEL/FRAME: 019620/0848;ASSIGNORS:THIEL, CHRISTOF;BETHMANN, ANDREAS;SIGNING DATES FROM 20070614 TO 20070615;REEL/FRAME:019808/0925
|Nov 25, 2014
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Patrik Jonsson is the Atlanta-based correspondent for the Christian Science Monitor, covering the South -- both physically and philosophically -- from the paper's small basement bureau on Locust Street. Having emigrated to the United States from Sweden as a 10-year-old, Patrik began writing for American newspapers at age 16, covering high school sports for the Foster's Daily Democrat in Dover, NH. He parlayed that into a full-time writing gig a few years later at the Exeter News-Letter, where he covered town meetings, fires and car accidents. He also worked at the Portsmouth, NH, Press, Portsmouth, NH, Herald and the Deming, NM, Headlight before launching a freelance career that included sending dispatches to the Monitor and the Boston Globe from Raleigh, N.C., starting in 1999.
He was hired by the Monitor as a fulltime staff writer in 2005 after covering hurricane Katrina's immediate aftermath for the paper and moved to Atlanta. Among many other things, he writes about race, gun rights, tornadoes, extremist groups, hockey, and the tea party wing of the Republican Party, with the occasional weird animal story thrown in for internet posterity. Patrik lives in a small 1920s-era bungalow in Atlanta's Kirkwood neighborhood with his wife, Alice, and two children, Jake and Lena. When he's not in the bureau or taking care of the kids, you'll most likely find Patrik playing hood hockey -- an urban version of street hockey -- or chugging along some Southern waterway in his motorized canoe. He is probably the only Monitor correspondent with a commercial fishing license.
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Four hopefuls vie for Republican gubernatorial nod in Colorado primaries
Personalities differ more than beliefs in race to challenge Democratic Gov. John Hickenlooper in the November election.
Personalities differ more than beliefs in race to challenge Democratic Gov. John Hickenlooper in the November election.
Citizens United is not exempt from financial reporting requirements for a documentary they're making about Democratic Gov. John Hickenlooper in the lead-up to his re-election bid.
Gov. John Hickenlooper has vetoed the Transportation Enterprise Transparency Act, which legislators passed after a controversial public-private deal to improve U.S. 36.
Governor John Hickenlooper is no fan of legal marijuana, but he says so far he's not too worried about the drug's impact on Colorado's image.
In his regular conversation with CPR, Governor John Hickenlooper delves into some of the big issues sitting on his desk right now.
The governor says he's working seven days a week head off a divisive election battle over the future of oil and gas development in Colorado.
In Colorado Matters' regular discussion with the governor, he addresses proposed ballot initiatives on oil and gas drilling, and much more.
Commissioners say the Governor did nothing wrong in his preparations for the Democratic Governors Association conference last summer.
Gov. John Hickenlooper says he won't oppose the Attorney General's decision to defend Colorado's marriage ban in court.
Gov. John Hickenlooper says he doesn't believe legalization has significantly increased the number of marijuana users in Colorado.
Stay connected to CPR while you're on the go, with the free Colorado Public Radio app for smartphones and tablets.
Keep your Evergreen Membership up to date. If you have recently received a new credit or debit card, call Member Services to update your card information at 1-800-722-4449.


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Georgia officials are considering a retractable roof that could cost as much as $200 million as part of the renovations planned for the Georgia Dome. The roof would satisfy the Atlanta Falcons, who want to play outside, and still work for those who want to host concerts and other events indoors. Gov. Sonny Perdue already signed a bill that would extend a motel-hotel sales tax that could help pay for the stadium.
Full Story:Creative Loafing


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Promising Milwaukee arts events for January
With two world premieres of work by local writers from First Stage Children's Theater, a visit by one of the globe's greatest violinists for a Milwaukee Symphony gala and two provocative dramas at the Milwaukee Repertory Theater, January will feature plenty of ambition on local performing arts stages.
It's also an exciting month for crossovers, with the MSO's bossman sitting in with the Milwaukee Youth Symphony Orchestra, a dynamic young opera director staging a rustic musical comedy at the Sunset Playhouse, and Milwaukee Mayor Tom Barrett stepping up to the mic for Aaron Copland's "Lincoln Portrait." »Read Full Article
MSO Pops revels in Great American Songbook
Infectious isn't always a bad thing.
Leaving Uihlein Hall after Friday evening's Milwaukee Symphony Orchestra Pops performance, I stopped counting the number of people who were quietly, or not so quietly, humming strains of the show's encore, the Gershwin brothers' "I Got Rhythm." »Read Full Article(5)
Windfall Theatre struggles to find 'A Time to Live'
There's nothing that terrifies us more or gets talked about less than what it means to die - or the related prospect of soldiering on when those dearest to us are gone.
That's the subject of Howard Goldstein's "A Time to Live," now receiving its world premiere courtesy of Windfall Theatre - an intrepid company that consistently stages plays involving those thorny subjects that matter most. "Time" opened Friday under Carol Zippel's direction. »Read Full Article(2)
Gary Allan show lacks distinctive voice
Gary Allan put on a pretty good show Friday night at the Eagles Ballroom in The Rave.
Why wasn't it great? »Read Full Article(10)


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The "Colored Hero" of Harper's Ferryby Steven Lubet
On the night of Sunday, October 16, 1859, hoping to bring about the eventual end of slavery, radical abolitionist John Brown launched an armed attack at Harpers Ferry, Virginia. Among his troops, there were only five black men, who have largely been treated as little more than 'spear carriers' by Brown's many biographers and other historians of the antebellum era. This book brings one such man, John Anthony Copeland, directly to center stage. Copeland played a leading role in the momentous Oberlin slave rescue, and he successfully escorted a fugitive to Canada, making him an ideal recruit for Brown's invasion of Virginia. He fought bravely at Harpers Ferry, only to be captured and charged with murder and treason. With his trademark lively prose and compelling narrative style, Steven Lubet paints a vivid portrait of this young black man who gave his life for freedom.
Fugitive Justice: Runaways, Rescuers, and Slavery On Trialby Steven Lubet
During the tumultuous decade before the Civil War, no issue was more divisive than the pursuit and return of fugitive slaves--a practice enforced under the Fugitive Slave Act of 1850. When free Blacks and their abolitionist allies intervened, prosecutions and trials inevitably followed. These cases involved high legal, political, and--most of all--human drama, with runaways desperate for freedom, their defenders seeking recourse to a "higher law" and normally fair-minded judges (even some opposed to slavery) considering the disposition of human beings as property.
The Importance of Being Honestby Steven Lubet
Popular author Steven Lubet brings his signature blend of humor, advocacy, and legal ethics to The Importance of Being Honest, an incisive analysis of how honesty and law play out in current affairs and historical events. Drawing on original work as well as op-ed pieces and articles that have appeared in the American Lawyer, the Chicago Tribune, and many other national publications, Lubet explores the complex aspects of honesty in the legal world.The Importance of Being Honest is full of tales of questionable practices and poor behavior, chosen because negative examples are much richer, and often more remarkable, in their ultimate lessons. Wyatt Earp's shootout with Billy Clanton, Bill Clinton's disastrous decision to lie under oath, Oscar Wilde's self-destructive perjury in a 1896 libel trial, and the dubious resolution of Justice Scalia's duck hunting trip with Dick Cheney are only a few of the cases Lubet use to illustrate that law is a vague and boggy realm where truth, and falsehood, is seldom absolute. With his lively, insightful, and sometimes hilarious prose, Lubet takes readers on a tour of the law in our everyday lives, and forces us to rethink how we really feel about honesty and truth.
John Brown's Spyby Steven Lubet
John Brown's Spytells the nearly unknown story of John E. Cook, the person John Brown trusted most with the details of his plans to capture the Harper's Ferry armory in 1859. Cook was a poet, a marksman, a boaster, a dandy, a fighter, and a womanizer--as well as a spy. In a life of only thirty years, he studied law in Connecticut, fought border ruffians in Kansas, served as an abolitionist mole in Virginia, took white hostages during the Harper's Ferry raid, and almost escaped to freedom. For ten days after the infamous raid, he was the most hunted man in America with a staggering $1,000 bounty on his head. Tracking down the unexplored circumstances of John Cook's life and disastrous end, Steven Lubet is the first to uncover the full extent of Cook's contributions to Brown's scheme. Without Cook's participation, the author contends, Brown might never have been able to launch the insurrection that sparked the Civil War. Had Cook remained true to the cause, history would have remembered him as a hero. Instead, when Cook was captured and brought to trial, he betrayed John Brown and named fellow abolitionists in a full confession that earned him a place in history's tragic pantheon of disgraced turncoats.
Murder in Tombstoneby Steven Lubet
The gunfight at the OK Corral occupies a unique place in American history. Although the event itself lasted less than a minute, it became the basis for countless stories about the Wild West. At the time of the gunfight, however, Wyatt Earp was not universally acclaimed as a hero. Among the people who knew him best in Tombstone, Arizona, many considered him a renegade and murderer. This book tells the nearly unknown story of the prosecution of Wyatt Earp, his brothers, and Doc Holiday following the famous gunfight. To the prosecutors, the Earps and Holiday were wanton killers. According to the defense, the Earps were steadfast heroes-- willing to risk their lives on the mean streets of Tombstone for the sake of order.
Nothing but the Truthby Steven Lubet
Lubet's Nothing But The Truth presents a novel and engaging analysis of the role of storytelling in trial advocacy. The best lawyers are storytellers, he explains, who take the raw and disjointed observations of witnesses and transform them into coherent and persuasive narratives. Critics of the adversary system, of course, have little patience for storytelling, regarding trial lawyers as flimflam artists who use sly means and cunning rhetoric to befuddle witnesses and bamboozle juries. Why not simply allow the witnesses to speak their minds, without the distorting influence of lawyers' stratagems and feints? But Lubet demonstrates that the craft of lawyer storytelling is a legitimate technique for determining the truth andnot at all coincidentallyfor providing the best defense for the attorney's client. Storytelling accomplishes three important purposes at trial. It helps to establish a "theory of the case," which is a plausible and reasonable explanation of the underlying events, presented in the light most favorable to the attorney's client. Storytelling also develops the "trial theme," which is the lawyer's way of adding moral force to the desired outcome. Most importantly, storytelling provides a coherent "story frame," which organizes all of the events, transactions, and other surrounding facts into an easily understandable narrative context. As with all powerful tools, storytelling may be misused to ill purposes. Therefore, as Lubet explains, lawyers do not have carte blanche to tell whatever stories they choose. It is a creative process to be sure, but every story must ultimately be based on "nothing but the truth." There is no room for lying. On the other hand, it is obvious that trial lawyers never tell "the whole truth," since life and experience are boundless and therefore not fully describable. No lawyer or court of law can ever get at the whole truth, but the attorney who effectively employs the techniques of storytelling will do the best job of sorting out competing claims and facts, thereby helping the court arrive at a decision that serves the goals of accuracy and justice. To illustrate the various challenges, benefits, and complexities of storytelling, Lubet elaborates the stories of six different trials. Some of the cases are real, including John Brown and Wyatt Earp, while some are fictional, including Atticus Finch and Liberty Valance. In each chapter, the emphasis is on the narrative itself, emphasizing the trial's rich context of facts and personalities. The overall conclusion, as Lubet puts it, is that "purposive storytelling provides a necessary dimension to our adversary system of justice."
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- DAISY Audio - Similar to the Daisy 3.0 option above; however, this option uses MP3 files created with our text-to-speech engine that utilizes Ivonas Kendra voice. This format will work with Daisy Audio compatible players such as Victor Reader Stream and Read2Go.


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Following the model of the airline industry, two supermarket chains have launched credit card rewards programs in an effort to build customer loyalty. Kingdom on its loyalty program. The consultant even opened a U.S. office in Cincinnati to work with Kroger. The Kroger MasterCard earns customers one reward point for every $1 spent anywhere; two reward points for every $1 spent in participating Kroger stores and fuel centers; and three extra points per $1 spent on Kroger's private-label ...
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The Middle East is rapidly changing–in the past three years tyrannical dictators have been deposed in the name of the "Arab Spring" only to be replaced by chaos. The only stable country with a new stable government is Egypt. They are stable, but won't win any more human rights awards than the government that existed before the Arab Spring.
So what is the solution? Fred Fleitz at the Center for Security Policy posted some good ideas on Thursday. Here they are:
- Recognize that Russia and Iran are the problem, not the solution. The United States needs to maintain dialogue with Russia but stop talking about working with Russia and Iran to fight ISIS since their goals are counter to American interests and regional security. Mr Obama needs to realize that an expanded and entrenched Russian/Iranian presence in the Middle East will have dire long term consequences for America and the region.
- Work with our European and regional states to form a better military alliance to combat ISIS and to counter Russian and Iranian influence. This should include creating a safe haven protected zone in northern Syria and intensified air strikes against ISIS targets. The refugee crisis probably has made Europe more willing to participate in such an alliance. France conducted its first airstrikes in Syria last week.
- End the limitations on fighting ISIS in Iraq. Let U.S. troops leave their bases so they can operate behind the lines in Iraq and support Iraqi security forces. Provide better weapons to the Iraqi Kurds or let our allies arm them. Incredibly, the Obama administration blocked Gulf states from sending heavy weapons to the Iraqi Kurds in July.
- President Obama must stop making demands he has no intention of enforcing. The world correctly sees Mr Obama's demands that Assad leave office and Russia stop its military aid to the Assad government as idle threats. Every time the president makes such demands, he further undermines American credibility and emboldens U.S. enemies and adversaries. The word of the leader of the world's superpower must be enough to change international events and not viewed as chatter that can be safely ignored.
The chances of any of these suggestions being followed is about the same as the chances of a snow storm in July in North Carolina. However, these suggestions are an example of how a strong leader would handle the current situation. In 2016 we need to elect someone who has this kind of insight into how to solve the current problems in the Middle East. Hopefully the situation will be salvageable at that point.


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Jennings, but Felton is still a great pickup.
Hard to say. I would choose Randolph because I know what he is capable of. Hill is a question mark.
As much as I like Lee, Amare is better.
The Jefferies trade made a Felton signing possible.
We lost Hill in the trade with a 1st rounder as well.
We drafted Hill ahead of Jennings.
We acquired Randolph in the S&T for Lee.
The S&T for Lee made STAT a Knickerbocker.
There has been so much whinging that still, after a whole off-season, rears its ugly head on occasion. So, I'm going to be keeping a close watch on these players.
-Felton VS Jennings will be the focal.
-Randolph VS Hill will be interesting.
-Lee VS STAT should be a bit of a wash for STAT - hopefully - if he can scrape up some more dimes and boards.
☆This goes without mentioning the stealthy signing of The Gov and the 37th pick swindle of Sir Landry Fields Esq.
Two fantastic signings.
All in all, have we really done so incredibly poorly? Some say yes, some say no.
I say...... We've done pretty bloody well.
Defence is back in O&B.
Jennings, but Felton is still a great pickup.
Hard to say. I would choose Randolph because I know what he is capable of. Hill is a question mark.
As much as I like Lee, Amare is better.
STAT > Lee
Randolph > Hill
Jennings = Felton (I personally think Jennings is considerably overrated)
We got Amare. That's all that matters.
"We've suffered enough"...Stephen A. Smith
Jennings would certainly have been a better pick than Hill and I expect Jennings to have a very solid career. I believe that there is a good chance, however, that within two years we will regret having passed on Jrue Holiday rather than having passed on Jennings.
You replace Lee for STAT and we'd be screwed. Guys like Felton, Chandler, Walker, "Gallo" (supposed to be but he looks awful as of now) are benefiting by STAT getting tripled team. If Lee was here, Chandler and Felton would not have games this big. STAT gets the utmost respect from teams. Right now he's still learning on the fly how to handle being completely targeted when on offence. STAT will be a high turnover guy until we get Melo, but once he gets his knack he'll easily average 25 plus nightly.
I mean, we passed on Darren Collison and look how that turned out...
you ain't going to find a night "The Future" will score 0 points against the Lakers.
image courtesy amareisreal
Felton > Jennings. Jennings has athletic talent but he's not a smart player. Anyone that shoots as badly as he does should recognize that he's hurting the team by shooting so much no matter how many PPG he gets. The fact that he keeps shooting is screaming that he's a "me first" kind of player that does not understand the game. Right now he's Marbury and Iverson light - talented players that could not win because they never learned how to play basketball.
Lee > Amare - Amare is the much better scorer, but Lee is the better rebounder, play maker, turns the ball over much less often, and actually steals it more often. The problem with Lee is that you need a good defensive C to play with him because he's undersized and not long. If you have that though, it's close, but Lee is hair better.
Randolph > Hill - This is not even close. Randolph is a very good rebounder and shot blocker (check his per 36 minutes stats in Golden State), much better athlete, several years younger, taller, longer, better ball handler, better passer etc... He just needs some time. He's very young and lost most of last year.
[QUOTE=Italian Stallion;139849]Felton > Jennings. Jennings has athletic talent but he's not a smart player. QUOTE]
Bull****, complete and utter bull****. Bjennings is much better, a better passer, he's faster, younger, and is a rebounding PG that will have a jason kiddesque career
^man, i can not understand how anyone would say that Lee is better then STAT. the guy is a perrennial all-star with decent play on both sides of the ball. as far as a 1 vs 1 comparrison goes, STAT is going to blow lee's numbers out of the water, while providing us much better defense. If we put them on the court, 1v1 who do u think would win?
the other two comparrisons i'm less sure about. I think Randolph is the better player right now, but we'll see where these guys develop.
and jennings v felton, i would say felton Right now but we'll see how jennings does as he learns the game. I think he is highly overrated right now and will end up a career backup pg. but we'll see.
The Rockets exercised Jordan Hill's 3rd year of his contract but he doesn't see the floor in Hourston.
We could probably have him back for peanuts because you know the Rockets are trying to package him out soon.


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Skylight Music Theatre delivers an intimate 'Porgy & Bess'
Powerful, emotional singing delivered a searing story of misery, heartbreak and hope in Friday's opening of the Skylight Music Theatre's "Porgy & Bess."
Directed by Bill Theisen - his last production as Skylight's artistic director - this "Porgy" relies on a chamber-ensemble cast and orchestra to tell a tale usually told with a huge chorus and full orchestra. »Read Full Article
Milwaukee musician Sam McCue remembers days playing with Phil Everly
Phil Everly didn't just sing "All I Have to Do Is Dream."
He helped Sam McCue live his. »Read Full Article(6)
New York City music exec tells of longtime love of Packers
His professional routine involves bringing hip-hop to the masses, but his Sunday routine revolves around the Packers.
Lyor Cohen, the former head of Def Jam records, was profiled by the New York Times in this week's "Sunday Routine" column, which notes that Cohen is a "passionate fan of the Green Bay Packers" and "everything gets thrown off" when the team is playing. »Read Full Blog Post


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Need a new play list? These four tracks should be in heavy rotation. Plus: Liner notes, band pairings, and behind the music scuttlebutt.
from Bobby Bare Jr.'s A Storm—A Tree—My Mother's Head
Liner notes: Backed by brooding steel and delicate acoustic guitar, Nashville maverick Bobby Bare Jr. sings about the stormy night in 2008 when a 100-year-old beech tree fell on the family home, nearly killing his mom. (She later recovered.)
Behind the music: The son of Music City legend Bobby Bare ("500 Miles Away From Home"), Bare Jr. performed the Grammy-nominated duet "Daddy What If" with his father at age five. He recently produced a tribute album devoted to his late mentor Shel Silverstein, who wrote that song.
Check it out if you like: Drive-By Truckers, the Bottle Rockets, and others who put personal twists on country and roots-rock traditions.
from Chocolate Genius Inc.'s Swansongs
Liner notes: "I don't want to lose you," croons Marc Anthony Thompson in this haunting piano ballad on an eerie and beautiful album about letting go.
Behind the music: Thompson conceived of Chocolate Genius after releasing two albums of pop-soul in the '80s. His other projects have included making film music (Twin Falls Idaho, American Splendor) and touring with Bruce Springsteen.
Check it out if you like: Outsiders who bend familiar styles to their will, such as Tom Waits, Prince, and Terence Trent D'Arby.
from Someone Still Loves You Boris Yeltsin's Let It Sway
Liner notes: Best known for wistful love songs, the introspective combo takes a charmingly goofy detour on this track, declaring, "I'll do your evil bidding" to slashing riffs and punchy beats.
Behind the music:: Boris Yeltsin's 2005 debut got a boost when one song was featured on The O.C. This, the Missouri band's third album, was coproduced by Death Cab for Cutie guitarist Chris Walla, who added a tougher edge without sacrificing the band's delicate melodies.
Check it out if you like: The Shins, Real Estate, and other bands who enjoy jangly guitars and sweet vocals.
from the Vaselines' Sex With an X
Liner notes: She (Frances McKee) sighs, "One sign of affection can lead me astray," to which he (Eugene Kelly) replies, "It's turning you on, but I'm turning away," in this tale of sexual warfare.
Behind the music: These sharp-tongued Scots parted ways in 1989, the same week their debut album was released, but Kurt Cobain subsequently championed their music, recording three covers, such as "Jesus Doesn't Want Me for a Sunbeam." The scrappy folk-pop of this belated follow-up shows no signs of age.
Check it out if you like: The softer side of the Velvet Underground (for the sound); classic country duo Johnny Cash and June Carter (for the sordid relationship drama).


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Animal Crossing: New Leaf Screenshots for 3DSOn: 3DS
More bewilderingly-addictive town and social life management - in 3D.
Review Verdict Read Review
8Out of 10Back to game info
Latest Articles for Animal Crossing: New Leaf
Animal Crossing Nintendo Direct confirmed for autumn
Upcoming New Leaf content to be detailed in special broadcast.
Animal Crossing: New Leaf is getting amiibo support later this year
4-year old 3DS game receiving major update.
Best Christmas Games - VideoGamer Picks
It's almost Christmas time! So come and see our absolutely bizarre choices for the best games to play at this time of year...
The best games for your New Nintendo 3DS
Getting the latest version of Nintendo's hardware? Then here are the games you need to go with it.


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Offense: A-
This season the Badgers were able to win games against a variety of different teams, which was a contributing factor to their run to the national semifinals. With four of five starters averaging in double figures, the Badgers were able to go with whoever had the hot hand on any given night. With the talent this season, Bo Ryan let the team play a little more up-tempo style when there were opportunities. That lead to UW scoring 73.5 points per game, almost an eight point increase from 2012 (66) and up almost 12 points from 2011 (64).
Even though Wisconsin scored more quickly than it did in past seasons, the Badgers were just as efficient, if not more so than 2011 (42.5 percent) and 2012 (42.1 percent) by shooting 45.9 percent from the field.
Wisconsin shot 37.6 percent from beyond the arc this season, which ranked third in the Big Ten. At times the Badgers lived and died by the long ball, with seven of eight players in the rotation hitting at least one 3-pointer. Although losing Brust takes away 17.5 percent of its offense, the Badgers will be able to survive with the return of four other starters, Frank Kaminsky, Josh Gasser, Sam Dekker and Traevon Jackson.
Another factor that was crucial in the Badgers' run to the Final Four and its 26-7 record in the regular season was their improved success at the line. UW's free throw shooting was much improved a year where the Badgers were uncharacteristically mediocre, shooting 63.6 percent. Wisconsin took advantage of their free throws this season, hitting 74.6 percent at the line in 861 total attempts.
Defense: B-
Kentucky exposed a defense that was not the typical stingy Wisconsin defense of old.
Overall Wisconsin did not have to overpower teams on defense because of its offensive effectiveness this season. UW won a lot of games with its offense scoring 70 or more points. UW was 8-6 when its opponent scored at least 70 points.
Wisconsin allowed just 64 points per game, but allowed 77.6 points in its three-game losing streak to Indiana, Michigan and Minnesota in January.
When the offense stalled, however, UW could still slow teams down. Except for a few lapses against Arizona and Kentucky where they were undersized, the Badgers were decent on the defensive glass. With only one starter taller than 6-10, the Badgers averaged 33.3 rebounds per game and were able to consistently come down with rebounds on the offensive and defensive boards.
Turnover ratio under Ryan is what Wisconsin does to keep games in their favor. The Badgers averaged just 8.1 per game, forced opponents into 9.7 per game and finished with a plus-63 overall this season.
The Badgers struggled to stop dribble penetration at times this season because of mental lapses and slow rotations. A factor could have come from the new hand-checking rules, but that dribble penetration slowed as Kaminsky improved his post defense.
Bench production: B
Wisconsin has had more production off the bench in past seasons but with a shorter rotation this season, freshmen Nigel Hayes and Bronson Koenig and junior Duje Dukan made up for the difference. Hayes averaged 7.7 points off the bench and was basically instant offense when his quick post moves and mid-range jump shots were falling.
Koenig averaged just 2.8 points in 15.5 minutes per game off the bench, but showed why he will be a starter for the Badgers in the next few years, if not next year. Koenig came off the bench and ran the offense effectively by providing another shooter and passer to the mix.
Wisconsin also had some production from freshman Vitto Brown in a few games that gave him experience, which will help in his development for next season. Obviously UW's bench wasn't very deep, but Ryan always has an established rotation of usually three to four players off the bench. Next season with Hayes possibly transitioning into the starting lineup, the bench could go four deep with Zak Showalter eligible after a redshirt season and Jordan Hill could see some time.
Overall: A
The Badgers started the season winning their first 16 games, setting a new modern-era record. Following five losses in six games, Wisconsin won 13 of its final 16 games, falling one game short of its first national finals berth since 1941.
Starting the season with a 16-game win streak helped boost the players' confidence, especially with wins against the likes of then No. 11 Florida at home and East Regional No. 1 seed Virginia on the road. Losing five of six games after that streak probably enforced Ryan's mantra "never too high, never too low". The Badgers bounced back from that adversity, using it as a teaching tool that in all probability laid the groundwork for their Final Four run.
Making a deep run into their First Final Four since 2000 enforces their high grade here. Despite coming up short of a title definitely stings, but the way the game played out showed how much effort the team put into this season.
Wisconsin loses senior Ben Brust, who was a strong rebounder with a 3.5 career average, but the Badgers will still have the size and strength of Frank Kaminsky, Hayes, Dekker, Dukan and Brown.
"We had a team and a dream and we wanted to get here together," Dekker said. "Like I said, it sucks to not be able to go all the way (to the national championship). But I think we can add this to our list. Always remember Kentucky, always remember what happened."
One factor that could push the Badgers over the top next season is their defense. A second consecutive Final Four run is realistic because Wisconsin maintains the same lineup, but a national title would be more possible with a consistently stout defense.
Season MVP
You could make a case for a lot of different players to get this award. Josh Gasser's intangibles made him an option, as well as Traevon Jackson with his consistent ball-handling and passing, or Nigel Hayes' offensive production off the bench as a freshman. If it weren't for some lulls at various points in the season, Frank Kaminsky would have been the easy choice for MVP. Scoring a career-high 43 points against North Dakota and averaging 16.4 points and 5.8 rebounds in the tournament, Kaminsky dramatically improved from his sophomore season and will be even more polished with another offseason to get stronger.
But in this case, I give Ben Brust the nod. Brust was a more consistent contributor throughout the season in many different facets of the game. Brust's 3-point shooting, passing, defense and rebounding is why he is the MVP. He also led the Badgers in minutes per game with 34.7 for a second straight year. Brust also set Wisconsin's 3-point shooting record against Oregon. He finished making 244 3-pointers in his career, including 15-for-30 in the NCAA tournament.


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Dr. Bruce Rodgers Jr specializes in hand surgery, plastic reconstructive surgery, breast surgery in Katy, Texas.
Dr. Bruce Rodgers Jr has been compared 91 times. Details of Dr. Rodgers' 15 years experience as an MD, his hospital affiliation and education at University of Texas Medical School at Houston are available on your free doctor report.
Primary Location for Dr. Rodgers
24022 Cinco Village Center Blvd
Katy, TX 77494
Patient Ratings and Reviews
Dr. Bruce Rodgers Jr has an average rating of 3.5 stars (out of 5) with a rating of Good based on 10 reviews.
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Board Certification, Specialty and Expertise
Dr. Bruce Rodgers has been identified as specializing in Hand Surgery, Plastic Reconstructive Surgery and Breast Surgery.
He obtained board certification from The American Board of Plastic Surgery for Plastic Surgery.
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Dr. Bruce Rodgers accepts the following plans at 24022 Cinco Village Center Blvd, Katy, TX
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Dr. Rodgers is affiliated with 1 hospital:
23900 Katy Fwy
Katy, Texas
Dr. Rodgers attended medical school at University of Texas Medical School at Houston and graduated in 2001 having 15 years experience.
While there is no proven correlation between the quality of one's educational institution and the quality of one's professional competence, it is often an indicator. Medical schools have various levels of selectivity (some are harder to get into than others), and both the quality of their clinical training and level of research are measured. Additional medical training in both residency and fellowships and the facilities they are conducted at also provide a history of the doctors' level of training and experience.
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