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Most Cited Journal of Natural Gas Science and Engineering Articles
The most cited articles published since 2011, extracted from Scopus.
Gas-to-liquids (GTL): A review of an industry offering several routes for monetizing natural gasDavid A. Wood | Chikezie Nwaoha | Brian F. Towler
Volume 9, Issue , November 2012, Pages 196-208
Gas-to-liquids (GTL) has emerged as a commercially-viable industry over the past thirty years offering market diversification to remote natural gas resource holders. Several technologies are now available through a series of patented processes to provide liquid products that can be more easily transported than natural gas, and directed into high value transportation fuel and other petroleum product and petrochemical markets. Recent low natural gas prices prevailing in North America are stimulating interest in GTL as a means to better monetise isolated shale gas resources. This article reviews the various GTL technologies, the commercial plants in operation, development and planning, and the range of market opportunities for GTL products. The Fischer-Tropsch (F-T) technologies dominate both large-scale and small-scale projects targeting middle distillate liquid transportation fuel markets. The large technology providers have followed strategies to scale-up plants over the past decade to provide commercial economies of scale, which to date have proved to be more costly than originally forecast. On the other hand, some small-scale technology providers are now targeting GTL at efforts to eliminate associated gas flaring in remote producing oil fields. Also, potential exists on various scales for GTL to supply liquid fuels in land-locked gas-rich regions. Technology routes from natural gas to gasoline via olefins are more complex and have so far proved difficult and costly to scale-up commercially. Producing dimethyl ether (DME) from coal and gas are growing markets in Asia, particularly China, Korea and Japan as LPG substitutes, and plans to scale-up one-step process technologies avoiding methanol production could see an expansion of DME supply chains. The GTL industry faces a number of challenges and risks, including: high capital costs; efficiency and reliability of complex process sequences; volatile natural gas, crude oil and petroleum product markets; integration of upstream and downstream projects; access to technology. This review article considers the GTL industry in the context of available opportunities and the challenges faced by project developers. © 2012 Elsevier B.V.
Natural gas to synthesis gas - Catalysts and catalytic processesK. Aasberg-Petersen | I. Dybkjær | C. V. Ovesen | N. C. Schjødt | J. Sehested | S. G. Thomsen
Volume 3, Issue 2, May 2011, Pages 423-459
Natural gas is a dominating feedstock for the production of several bulk chemicals such as ammonia, methanol, and dimethyl ether (DME), and for the increasingly important production of synthetic liquid fuels by Fischer-Tropsch synthesis (FT synthesis) and similar processes.A major step in the conversion of natural gas to products is the production of synthesis gas with the desired composition - ranging from the 3:1 mixture of hydrogen and nitrogen used for production of ammonia to the 1:1 mixture of hydrogen and carbon monoxide preferred for production of DME.Catalysts and catalytic processes are important in the production of synthesis gas from natural gas. As an example, production of ammonia synthesis gas may in modern plants involve up to 8 separate catalytic process steps.In the article, relevant catalytic technologies are reviewed with emphasis on the present status and possible future developments. The relevant technologies are:. •Final feed gas purification•Adiabatic prereforming•Fired tubular reforming•Heat exchange steam reforming•Adiabatic, oxidative reforming, mainly autothermal reforming (ATR) and secondary reforming•Other reforming technologies such as Catalytic Partial Oxidation (CPO) and Ceramic Membrane Reforming (CMR).•Conversion of carbon monoxide to carbon dioxide by the shift reaction•Final purification of synthesis gas, mainly removal of nitrogen compounds and removal of carbon oxides by methanation.After the discussion of the individual catalysts and catalytic process steps, applications are illustrated by summary descriptions of complete process concepts for production of ammonia, methanol, and hydrocarbons by low temperature FT synthesis (GTL). In a final section, future trends in the area are briefly discussed. © 2011.
Comparative sequence stratigraphy and organic geochemistry of gas shales: Commonality or coincidence?Roger M. Slatt | Norelis D. Rodriguez
Volume 8, Issue , September 2012, Pages 68-84
Comparison of some Paleozoic and Mesozoic gas shales has revealed a generally common sequence stratigraphy, consisting of, from the base upward: combined sequence boundary/transgressive surface of erosion (SB/TSE) upon which sits a transgressive systems tract (TST) enriched in organic matter, then a somewhat 'cleaner gamma-ray' highstand or regressive systems tract (HST/RST). When resolvable, this stratigraphy occurs at 2nd, 3rd, and 4th order relative sea level cyclicity, forming couplets of relatively organic-rich (TST and condensed section-CS) and organic-poor (HST/RST) strata at these time scales. A higher order sequence stratigraphy can be developed for Mesozoic shales than for Paleozoic shales owing to greater biostratigraphic age resolution of the former. The higher frequency cycles are superimposed upon lower frequency cycles, giving rise to a complex stratigraphy of several couplets of differing thickness and distribution. These documented common characteristics provide the basis for a unifying, general sequence stratigraphic model for shales which can be utilized to identify, predict and map the most productive facies within a shale stratigraphic interval.There also are several commonalities in geochemistry of gas shales. Prolific gas shales are usually >200 ft (65 m) thick, contain >3% TOC, have Hydrogen Index values >350 mg HC/g, contain Type II kerogen and have organic maturity values >1.1% Ro. Organic-rich shales typically contain minerals such as pyrite and phosphates (apatite) and show biomarker ratios (pristane/phytane, steranes distribution, C 13-C 20 regular isoprenoids and C 18 aryl isoprenoids) indicative of anoxic conditions during source rock deposition. In high maturity areas, there is a reversal in ethane isotope abundance owing to secondary cracking of hydrocarbons; such a reversal is normally associated with best gas production. Relative hydrocarbon potential (S1 + S2/TOC) is a geochemical parameter which reflects oxygenation conditions in the depositional environment. It can be related to relative sea level fluctuations within a sequence stratigraphic context.Understanding the sequence stratigraphy of shale provides a powerful tool not only for regional-to-local stratigraphic correlations from well logs and seismic reflection records, but also for high-grading stratigraphic intervals most favorable for preservation of organic matter and gas generation and storage. © 2012 Elsevier B.V.
Application of soft computing approaches for modeling saturation pressure of reservoir oilsRoya Talebi | Mohammad M. Ghiasi | Hossein Talebi | Mehrdad Mohammadyian | Sohrab Zendehboudi | Milad Arabloo | Alireza Bahadori
Volume 20, Issue , January 2014, Pages 8-15
Accurate determination of bubble pressure of reservoir fluid at reservoir conditions is one of the important parameter which is necessary for various calculations in petroleum engineering. This study presents two improved algorithms based on machine learning approaches for efficient estimation of saturation pressure of reservoir oil. To achieve the research purpose, a large data set, comprising of more than 750 crude oil samples with different composition and geographical origins, was collected from the literature for development of the models. The efficiency of the proposed models was tested against sixteen well-known empirical correlations. The proposed models show good performance in terms of accuracy with the lowest error percentage and highest R2 values. © 2014 Elsevier B.V.
A comprehensive review of solid particle erosion modeling for oil and gas wells and pipelines applicationsMazdak Parsi | Kamyar Najmi | Fardis Najafifard | Shokrollah Hassani | Brenton S. McLaury | Siamack A. Shirazi
Volume 21, Issue , November 2014, Pages 850-873
© 2014 Elsevier B.V.Sand is commonly produced along with production fluids (oil and gas), and this is a major problem for the oil and gas industry. Sand production is a concern, since it can bring about a variety of problems. Amid them, three problems stand out above all: pressure drop, pipe blockage, and erosion. The latter is a complex mechanical process in which material is removed from the pipeline due to repeated sand particle impacts. As a result, the pipeline can be eroded. Eroded pipelines may cause pipe failures which can result in financial losses and environmental issues. Therefore, it is important to know what parameters govern the erosion phenomenon and how it can be modeled. The present work describes key factors influencing erosion and reviews available erosion equations. Furthermore, empirical and mechanistic models for erosion prediction in pipelines are discussed. These models are used by oil and gas companies to limit the maximum production flow rates and avoid excessive erosion damage. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) based erosion modeling as a comprehensive method for erosion studying is explained as well. Finally, possible limitations and gaps in knowledge concerning erosion are indicated. The current work can be used by oil and gas companies as a comprehensive review of erosion challenges and remedies. Of course, further studies must be undertaken in order to expand the knowledge of erosion and find applicable models for erosion damage prediction and prevention.
Introduction and advancement of a new clean global fuel: The status of DME developments in China and beyondT. H. Fleisch | A. Basu | R. A. Sills
Volume 9, Issue , November 2012, Pages 94-107
The last two decades saw the emergence of a new multi-source, multi-market fuel, Dimethyl Ether or DME. Prior to 1990, DME had only found limited commercial use as an aerosol propellant along with propane and butane as a green replacement for the chlorofluoro-hydrocarbons which were outlawed because of their detrimental impact on the ozone layer. DME is an environmentally benign, non-toxic, biodegradable product with physical properties similar to LPG. Global DME annual production capacity is approximately 10 million metric tons and actual market use is reported to be about 3 million metric tons - a remarkable increase from the 200,000 metric tons market demand in the early 2000s. Nearly all of the DME is produced in China from coal-derived methanol via the well known catalytic dehydration process where two molecules of methanol react to form one molecule of DME and one molecule of water. DME is the fastest-growing methanol derivative, yet is still an emerging business with lots of upside opportunities combined with significant challenges. A number of other DME plants are in different stages of development around the world including Egypt, Middle East and Indonesia, all of them natural gas based. Sweden is the leader in the development of bio-DME produced through the gasification and conversion of black liquor, a byproduct in Sweden's paper and pulp industry. Nearly all of today's DME is used as a blend stock for LPG which in turn is primarily used for cooking and heating. At blending levels below 20 vol %, the existing LPG blending facilities, local distribution infrastructure and end-use equipment can be used with minimal (if any) modifications - making for easy marketing. Currently, efforts are underway to commercialize DME as a high-quality diesel alternative. Technical issues such as new fuel injection systems and new fuel additives have been solved and solutions are currently being tested in fleets. This review will describe the history, status and future of DME as a global fuel alternative and how it has and will be changing the global methanol industry. © 2012 Elsevier B.V.
State of the art: Natural gas hydrates as a natural resourceCarolyn A. Koh | Amadeu K. Sum | E. Dendy Sloan
Volume 8, Issue , September 2012, Pages 132-138
An overview is provided of hydrates in nature manuscripts among the 800 papers of the Seventh International Conference on Gas Hydrates (Edinburgh, July 17-22, 2011), to demonstrate the basic chemico-geophysics, as well as a perspective on hydrates as a resource activity by each country.The following summarizes the current status of gas hydrates as a natural resource: (1) there is substantial methane in hydrates, (2) the most accessible hydrates are in sandy sediments, with lithological controls, (3) laboratory characterization tools are available, (4) field detection tools are acceptable, (5) many of the national programs are in the phase of resource identification and characterization, with two exceptions, and (6) the first long-term production tests of methane hydrates will likely start in 2012 in the North Slope permafrost, and offshore Japan. © 2012 Elsevier B.V.
Implementing Radial Basis Function Networks for modeling COAfshin Tatar | Amin Shokrollahi | Mohammad Mesbah | Saeed Rashid | Milad Arabloo | Alireza Bahadori
2-reservoir oil minimum miscibility pressure
Volume 15, Issue , November 2013, Pages 82-92
Gas injection process is one of the most dependable techniques in enhanced oil recovery (EOR) methods. Multiple contact miscible injection is the method that has been well-established during last decades. Due to high sensitivity of local sweep efficiency to minimum miscibility pressure (MMP), this parameter has a key role in the gas injection process designing. Conventional tests to determine gas-oil MMP such as rising bubble apparatus and slim tube displacement are either costly or time consuming. Thus, it is necessary to utilize a quick, not expensive, and reliable method to determine MMP. In spite of several studies and various attempts to develop a model to predict MMP satisfactorily, there is no reliable and comprehensive MMP prediction model for CO2. Inductive machine learning algorithms have already been applied in various branches of science and engineering in an attempt to model several macroscopic properties through pattern recognition and generalization of results using a set of experimentally measured data. The objective of this study is to develop a comprehensive and intelligent model based on the radial basis neural network to predict of MMP for pure and impure CO2. To construct and evaluate the proposed model, about 147 data sets from literature and corresponding gas/oil compositional information were used. The results show the superiority of the proposed model in comparison with existing methods and predicted values are in good agreement with the experimental data. The other feature of the proposed model is its generalization capability. The proposed model provides accurate values for data sets that have not been introduced to the network previously. At the end, the outlier diagnosis is performed to determine the data sets that might be different from the bulk of the data present in the dataset. © 2013 Elsevier B.V.
Investigation of pore structure and fractal characteristics of organic-rich Yanchang formation shale in central China by nitrogen adsorption/desorption analysisXiangjun Liu | Jian Xiong | Lixi Liang
Volume 22, Issue , January 2015, Pages 62-72
© 2014 Elsevier B.V.The Chang-7 of the Upper Triassic Yanchang Formation in the Xiasiwan area, located in the southwest of the Ordos Basin in central China, was investigated for its shale gas potential, which is the continental shale gas reservoir and still under exploration. In this study, sixteen shale samples were collected from four wells in Ordos Basin, and their geochemistry, pore structures and fractal characteristics was investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, total organic carbon (TOC) analysis, low-pressure N2 adsorption/desorption analysis and fractal analysis. The relationships between TOC, mineralogical compositions and pore structure parameters were investigated, and the relationships between TOC, mineralogical compositions and fractal dimensions also were discussed. The results showed that shales have TOC contents ranging from 3.89 to 5.11%, and the major mineralogical compositions of shales are quartz and clay minerals. The clay minerals contents are between 12.37 and 61.55%, the quartz contents are between 17.10 and 72.33%, and there is a negative relationship between TOC and quartz contents in shales. The total pore volume is in the range of 0.001215-0.007495 cm3/g and the specific surface area is between 0.38 and 3.03 m2/g. The total pore volume and specific surface area of shale investigated are much less than those of the marine shales. The organic matter and clay minerals have a positive influence on total pore volume and specific surface area, whereas quartz has an opposite influence. The fractal dimensions are large and the values are between 2.5777 and 2.6280, which increase with the increase of the total pore volume and specific surface area, and the decrease of the average pore size. The fractal dimensions show positive correlations with the contents of TOC and clay minerals, whereas there is negative relationship between the fractal dimensions and quartz contents.
Integration of microseismic and other post-fracture surveillance with production analysis: A tight gas studyC. R. Clarkson | J. J. Beierle
Volume 3, Issue 2, May 2011, Pages 382-401
Quantitative production analysis of tight gas reservoirs has historically been a challenge due to complex reservoir characteristics (ex. lateral and vertical heterogeneity, stress-sensitivity of permeability and porosity), induced hydraulic fracture properties in vertical wells (ex. multi-phase flow, conductivity changes, complex fracture geometries), operational complexities (ex. variable back-pressure, liquid-loading) and data quality (infrequent rate or flowing pressure reporting). All of these challenges conspire to make extraction of reservoir (kh and OGIP) and hydraulic fracture properties (xf and fracture conductivity) soley from production/flowing pressure data difficult, often resulting in non-unique answers. In recent history, there has been the added complication that tight gas (and most recently shale gas) reservoirs are now being exploited with horizontal wells, often stimulated using multiple hydraulic fracture stages, which imparts greater complexity on the analysis. Flow regime identification, which is critical to the correct analysis, is more complicated than ever owing to the number of possible flow regimes encountered in such wells.A case study is presented in which it is demonstrated that modern post-fracture surveillance data, such as microseismic and post-frac production logging, aids in both model identification and model calibration, which is critical to the analysis of hydraulically-fractured horizontal wells completed in tight gas formations. A workflow is presented in which offset vertical wells (to the horizontal wells) are first analyzed to obtain estimates of kh and hydraulic fracture properties, followed by commingled stage and single-stage production analysis of the multi- (transverse) hydraulic fracture horizontal wells. Microseismic data is incorporated into the analysis of the horizontal wells to 1) understand the orientation and degree of complexity of the induced hydraulic fractures and 2) constrain interpretations of effective hydraulic fracture lengths from production data analysis. It is also demonstrated that once the commingled stage analysis of the horizontal wells is completed, the total interpreted effective hydraulic fracture half-length may be allocated amongst the stages using a combination of production logs and tracer logs.The primary contribution of the current work is the presentation of workflows, emphasizing the integration of various data sources, to improve production analysis of multi-frac'd horizontal wells completed in tight gas formations. In addition to the workflows, it is shown that a combination of advanced production analysis approaches, including methods analogous to classic pressure transient analysis, production type-curve matching and simulation, may be necessary to arrive at a unique analysis. © 2011 Elsevier B.V.
Unconventional gas reservoir evaluation: What do we have to consider?C. R. Clarkson | J. L. Jensen | S. Chipperfield
Volume 8, Issue , September 2012, Pages 9-33
There has been a rapid evolution of technology used to evaluate unconventional gas reservoir and hydraulic-fracture properties, and there currently are few standardized procedures to be used as guidance. Therefore, more than ever, petroleum engineers and geoscientists are required to question data sources and have an intimate knowledge of evaluation procedures.We propose a workflow for the optimization of unconventional gas reservoir (UGR) field development to guide discussion of UGR evaluation. Critical issues related to reservoir sample and log analysis, rate-transient and production data analysis are raised. Further, we have provided illustrations of each step of the reservoir evaluation process using tight gas examples. Our intent is to provide some guidance for best practices. In addition to reviewing existing methods for reservoir evaluation, we introduce new methods for measuring pore size distribution (small-angle neutron scattering), evaluating core-scale heterogeneity, log-core calibration, and evaluating core/log data trends to assist with scale-up of core data. Our focus in this manuscript is on tight and shale gas reservoirs. © 2012 Elsevier Ltd.
Energy efficient distillationIvar J. Halvorsen | Sigurd Skogestad
Volume 3, Issue 4, September 2011, Pages 571-580
Distillation is responsible for a significant amount of the energy consumption of the world's process industry and also in the natural gas processing. There is a significant energy saving potential that can be obtained by applying new energy saving distillation technology that has appeared in the last two decades. The fully thermally coupled dividing wall columns have the attractive feature of both savings in energy consumption and reduction of investment cost. In this paper we give an overview of some energy saving distillation arrangements and show how the Vmin-diagram can be used to assess separations and calculate energy requirements and provide a basis for detailed design. Reduced CO2 emission is an additional benefit that actually comes for free by the reduction of energy consumption. © 2011 Elsevier B.V.
A model for simultaneous matrix depletion into natural and hydraulic fracture networksEzulike Daniel Obinna | Dehghanpour Hassan
Volume 16, Issue , February 2014, Pages 57-69
Existing transient triple-porosity models for fractured horizontal wells do not converge to linear dual-porosity models (DPM) in the absence of micro-fractures (MF). The reason is the assumption of sequential-depletion from matrix to MF, and from MF to hydraulic-fractures (HF). This can result in unreasonable estimates of MF and/or HF parameters. Hence, a quadrilinear flow model (QFM) is proposed which relaxes the sequential-depletion assumption.To allow simultaneous matrix-MF and matrix-HF depletion, the matrix volume is conceptually divided into two sub-domains; one feeds HF and the other feeds MF. This breaks a single 2-D problem into two 1-D problems. Using Laplace transforms, the flow equations are solved under constant-rate and constant-pressure well constraints. Type-curves are generated by numerically inverting the resulting Laplace-space solutions to time-space using Gaver-Stefhest algorithm. QFM converges to the linear sequential triple-porosity model (STPM) in the absence of matrix-HF communication; and converges to the DPM in the absence of MF. Flow-regimes observed comprise linear, bilinear, and boundary dominated. QFM matches production history of two fractured horizontal wells completed in Bakken and Cardium Formations. This match yields reservoir parameters like half-length and permeability; these parameters are estimated as range of values instead of single values to reflect the non-uniqueness in the match.Results from this study are significant when selecting the appropriate model for interpreting production data from multifractured horizontal wells in formations with/without natural-fracture (NF/MF) reactivation. DPM is appropriate if analog studies (e.g. outcrop, micro-seismic and image log analyses) reveal high spacing aspect ratio (negligible MF) in the reservoir. Spacing aspect ratio is MF spacing divided by HF spacing. STPM is appropriate if analog studies reveal low spacing aspect ratio (e.g. matrix-HF face damage or high MF density within a given HF spacing). QFM is appropriate for all spacing aspect ratios. © 2013 Elsevier B.V.
A comparative study of flowback rate and pressure transient behavior in multifractured horizontal wells completed in tight gas and oil reservoirsMajid Ali Abbasi | Daniel Obinna Ezulike | Hassan Dehghanpour | Robert V. Hawkes
Volume 17, Issue , March 2014, Pages 82-93
Tight reservoirs stimulated by multistage hydraulic fracturing are commonly characterized by analyzing the hydrocarbon production data. However, analyzing the available hydrocarbon production data can best be applied to estimate the effective fracture-matrix interface, and is not enough for a full characterization of the induced hydraulic fractures. Before putting the well on flowback, the induced fractures are filled with the compressed fracturing fluid. Therefore, analyzing the early-time rate and pressure of fracturing water and gas/oil should in principle be able to partly characterize the induced fractures, and complement the conventional production data analysis.We construct basic diagnostic plots by using two-phase flowback data of three multifractured horizontal wells to understand the physics of flowback. Analysis of flow rate plots suggests three separate flowback regions based on the relative values of water and gas/oil flow rate. In the first region, water production dominates while in the third region gas/oil production dominates. In the second region, water production drops and gas/oil production ramps up. The cumulative water production (CWP) plots show two distinct water recovery periods. Before gas/oil breakthrough, CWP linearly increases with time. After breakthrough, CWP increases with a slower rate, and reaches to a plateau for the oil well. We also develop a simple analytical model to compare the pressure/rate transient behavior of the three flowback cases. This work demonstrates that rate and pressure, carefully measured during the flowback operations, can be interpreted to evaluate the fracturing operations and to complement the conventional production data analysis for a more comprehensive fracture characterization. © 2014 Elsevier B.V.
Air pollutant emissions of light-duty vehicles operating on various natural gas compositionsGeorgios Karavalakis | Thomas D. Durbin | Mark Villela | J. Wayne Miller
Volume 4, Issue , January 2012, Pages 8-16
Interest is growing in the expanded use of natural gas as an alternative to conventional liquid fuels for use in automotive internal combustion engines. This study investigates the implications of natural gas composition on the gaseous pollutants, fuel economy, and the engine power output of two light-duty vehicles (a 2002 Ford Crown Victoria and a 2006 Honda Civic GX) operated over different driving cycles. The results of the study show that for modern light-duty NGVs, fuel properties have a clear and direct impact on fuel economy and some emissions components, such as CO 2 and NMHC, but not for other emission components, such as THC, NO x, and CO. The gases with the higher energy contents provided better fuel economy on a volumetric basis and some higher power levels. Changes in CO 2 depended on the fuel/cycle/vehicle, but, generally, blends with heavier hydrocarbons and lower H/C ratios, had higher CO 2 emissions. NMHC emissions were very low, in general, but did increase for the two fuels with the highest levels of heavier hydrocarbons for both vehicles. THC emissions showed higher emissions for the fuel with the higher levels of methane for the Crown Victoria, but no trends for the Honda. CO emissions were higher for the two fuels with the highest Wobbe numbers for the Honda under some test conditions, including the cold-start phases of the driving cycles, but did not show significant fuel differences for the Crown Victoria. Changing fuel composition impacted NO x emissions showed only limited fuel effects for the two vehicles. © 2011 Elsevier B.V.
Development of a multi-mechanistic, dual-porosity, dual-permeability, numerical flow model for coalbed methane reservoirsProb Thararoop | Zuleima T. Karpyn | Turgay Ertekin
Volume 8, Issue , September 2012, Pages 121-131
Most existing coalbed methane (CBM) simulators usually treat coal seams as dual-porosity, single-permeability systems ignoring the effects of water presence in the coal matrix. In this study, a compositional dual-porosity, dual-permeability CBM simulator has been developed. The CBM reservoir is treated as a dual-porosity, dual-permeability system consisting of coal matrix and fracture network. The development of the proposed numerical model incorporates the effects of water presence in the coal matrix and the phenomena of coal shrinkage and swelling. The transport of gas follows a multi-mechanistic flow mechanism triggered by pressure and concentration gradients. In addition, the proposed simulator is able to collapse to simpler coal seam representations and was successfully tested against the existing commercial and research CBM simulators for CO 2-enhanced CBM recovery process. Successful history matching exercises were performed on pure CO 2 injection and flue gas injection tests using the actual field data. © 2012 Elsevier B.V..
Novel methods predict equilibrium vapor methanol content during gas hydrate inhibitionMohammad M. Ghiasi | Alireza Bahadori | Sohrab Zendehboudi | Ahmad Jamili | Sina Rezaei-Gomari
Volume 15, Issue , November 2013, Pages 69-75
In economic and safety hazards points of view, it is crucial to avoid the formation of clathrate hydrate of gases in oil and natural gas transportation/production systems. Injection of methanol as a thermodynamic inhibitor is a common approach in industry to shift the hydrate phase boundary to higher pressures/lower temperatures. Accurate computation of methanol loss to the vapor phase within hydrate inhibition is essential to calculate the right injection rate of methanol. In this study, two procedures have been proposed for fast and precise estimating the ratio of methanol content of vapor phase to methanol liquid composition (RMeOH). In the first method, a new mathematical expression is presented. The obtained correlation is reliable for temperatures between 267.15 and 279.15K and pressures between 1160 and 28000kPa. The second method employs artificial neural network (ANN) approach for RMeOH prediction. Both developed models results are in good agreement with reported data in literature. The ANN based model, however, is more accurate than the new correlation. © 2013 Elsevier B.V.
LNG cold energy use in agro-food industry: A case study in SicilyAntonio Messineo | Giuseppe Panno
Volume 3, Issue 1, March 2011, Pages 356-363
It is known how the complete gasification of liquefied natural gas (LNG) can return about 230 kWh/t of energy. Nevertheless out of fifty-one gasification plants in the world, only thirty-one of them are equipped with systems for the partial recovery of the available energy. At the moment most of these plants mainly produce electric energy; however the employment of the cold energy results very interesting, in fact, it can be recovered for agro-food transformation and conservation as well as for some loops in the cold chain. Cold energy at low temperatures requires high amounts of mechanical energy and it unavoidably increases as the required temperature diminishes. Cold energy recovery from LNG gasification would allow considerable energy and economic savings to these applications, as well as environmental benefits due to the reduction of climate-changing gas emissions. The task of this work is to assess the possibility to create around a gasification plant an industrial site for firms working on the transformation and conservation of agro-food products locally grown. The cold energy recovered from gasification would be distributed to those firms through an opportune liquid carbon dioxide network distribution capable of supplying " the cold" to the different facilities. A LNG gasification plant in a highly agricultural zone in Sicily would increase the worth of the agro-food production, lower transformation and conservation costs when compared to the traditional systems and bring economic and environmental benefits to the interested areas. © 2011 Elsevier B.V.
Unconventional gas research initiative for clean energy transition in EuropeR. Weijermars | G. Drijkoningen | T. J. Heimovaara | E. S J Rudolph | G. J. Weltje | K. H A A Wolf
Volume 3, Issue 2, May 2011, Pages 402-412
The clean energy transition and EU 2020 targets require a further shift from coal and oil toward natural gas. As a relatively clean fossil fuel, gas must bridge the transition period required for renewable energy technologies to mature such that larger energy quantities can be economically produced to meet demand. Until then, gas is required in Europe and energy scenarios suggest natural gas consumption will reach 650 bcma in 2020 and 780 bcma in 2030. However, conventional gas production in the EU will decline to 230 bcma in 2020 and 140 bcma in 2030. This means the dependency on intercontinental LNG and pipeline imports will increase further and - by 2030 - must account for up to 80% of total gas supply. Consequently, the development of European unconventional gas resources could reduce the required gas imports and would improve security of supply - and also reduces the risk of price shock. This paper outlines the imminent decline of Europe's conventional gas production, highlights the potential of unconventional gas resources and advocates the key role of R&D to improve the performance of unconventional gas projects. Delft University of Technology has launched the Unconventional Gas Research Initiative (UGRI). The research framework, vision, aims and targets are outlined in this report. © 2011 Elsevier B.V.
Methane hydrates formation and dissociation in nano silica suspensionVangala Dhanunjana Chari | Deepala V S G K Sharma | Pinnelli S R Prasad | Sarabu Ramana Murthy
Volume 11, Issue , March 2013, Pages 7-11
Methane gas hydrate (MH) formation/dissociation were investigated in nano silica and water system in a non-stirred reactor. The MH yield was significantly improved in the presence of nano silica. The overall methane hydrate conversion (≥80%) was achieved by optimizing the nano silica to water ratio. Two-stage dissociation was observed after a rapid de-pressurization. Methane gas intake of this system was steady for multiple freezing-thawing cycles signifying improved stability for methane gas storage. © 2012 Elsevier B.V.
Fuzzy logic-driven and SVM-driven hybrid computational intelligence models applied to oil and gas reservoir characterizationFatai Anifowose | Abdulazeez Abdulraheem
Volume 3, Issue 3, July 2011, Pages 505-517
This work demonstrates the capabilities of two hybrid models as Computational Intelligence tools in the prediction of two important oil and gas reservoir properties, viz., porosity and permeability. The hybrid modeling was based on the combination of three existing Artificial Intelligence techniques: Functional Networks, Type-2 Fuzzy Logic System, and Support Vector Machines, using six datasets by utilizing the functional approximation capabilities of Functional Networks, the ability of Type-2 Fuzzy Logic to handle uncertainties and the scalability and robustness of Support Vector Machines in handling small and high-dimensional data. The hybridization was done in a way that allows one technique to further improve on the output of the other. Various Artificial intelligence techniques have been used in the prediction of oil and gas reservoir properties but each technique have exhibited specific capabilities, demonstrated certain limitations and posed a number of challenges. They have proven clearly that no single technique is perfect in all situations; hence the need for hybrid models that will combine the best characteristics of each technique in a single package and in the process, increase the confidence in the prediction of various oil and gas reservoir properties. This will result in increased production of more crude oil and hydrocarbons to meet the increasing world's demand. The results showed that the hybrid models perform better with higher correlation coefficients than the individual techniques when used alone for the same sets of data. In terms of execution time, the hybrid models took less time for both training and testing than the Type-2 Fuzzy Logic, but more time than Functional Networks and Support Vector Machines. This could be the price to pay for having better and more robust models. This work has demonstrated a successful application of the hybridization of three Artificial Intelligence techniques in one of the real-life problems encountered in oil and gas production where high quality information and accurate predictions are required for better and more efficient exploration, resource evaluation and their management. © 2011 Elsevier B.V.
Reservoir modeling of shale formationsShahab D. Mohaghegh
Volume 12, Issue , May 2013, Pages 22-33
Economic production from shale has been intimately tied to hydraulic fracturing since the first signs of success in Barnet Shale in the late 90s. The introduction of horizontal wells and multi-stage hydraulic fracturing was met by a huge move by operators toward developing shale formations that were mainly ignored in the past. Today using pad drilling, multiple horizontal wells share surface facilities and infrastructure, a development that minimizes the industry's environmental footprint. To understand production from shale reservoirs one must understand the network of natural fractures in the shale and the role of hydraulically induced fractures and their interaction. Hydraulic fracturing has been around and been studied by engineers for decades. Analytical, numerical and data-driven models have been built to explain their behavior and contribution to flow. Contribution of natural fracture networks to storage and flow in carbonate (and some sandstone) reservoirs had led to the development of techniques to study and model them. Since they are the predominant source of porosity and permeability in shale, more attention has been focused on their characteristics in the recent years. Studies of methane production from coal seams in the mid 80s provided insights on sorption as a storage mechanism and desorption and diffusion as a transport phenomenon in reservoirs that came to be known as CBM (Coalbed Methane). Today, production from shale is mainly modeled based on lessons learned in the past several decades where all the above techniques are integrated to create the modern shale reservoir models. The coupling of hydraulic fractures and natural fracture networks and their integration and interaction with the shale matrix remains the major challenge in reservoir simulation and modeling of shale formations. This article reviews the methods used by scientists and engineers in recent years to understand the complexities associated with production from shale. This will shed light on the commonly held belief amongst some of the best minds in reservoir engineering (those that have been intimately involved in modeling production from shale) that there is much to be learned about this complex resource and that our best days in understanding and modeling how oil and gas are produced from shale are still ahead of us. © 2013 Elsevier B.V.
Adaptive neuro-fuzzy approach for reservoir oil bubble point pressure estimationMohammad Javad Shojaei | Ershad Bahrami | Pezhman Barati | Siavash Riahi
Volume 20, Issue , January 2014, Pages 214-220
A new method based on adaptive network-based fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) approach was designed and developed for improved estimation of reservoir oil bubble point pressure using commonly available field data. More than 750 data series from different geographical locations worldwide was gathered for modeling. Two different ANFIS networks (by changing the training optimization algorithms) were compared with evaluation of networks accuracy in bubble point pressure prediction and subsequently the suitable network was determined. The predictions of selected network are in good agreement with the corresponding experimental data with the squared correlation coefficient of 0.97. In addition, a comparative study was carried out between the developed model and other published correlations. In comparison with the published literature correlations, the results showed that proposed ANFIS can be used as a powerful model for improved prediction of reservoir oil bubble point pressure. © 2014 Elsevier B.V.
Variation of methane adsorption property of coal after the treatment of hydraulic slotting and methane pre-drainage: A case studyQuan le Zou | Bai quan Lin | Ting Liu | Yan Zhou | Zhen Zhang | Fa zhi Yan
Volume 20, Issue , January 2014, Pages 396-406
The variation of methane adsorption property of coal after the treatment of hydraulic slotting and methane pre-drainage was investigated by testing the seven coal samples obtained from the coal seam #10 of Yangliu Mine. The methane isothermal adsorption experiments were conducted to measure the adsorption constants and the Mercury Injection Capillary Pressure (MICP) and Nitrogen Gas Adsorption (N2GA) were organically combined to depict the pore size distribution (PSD). It is revealed that non-significant variation occurs in the various indexes of proximate analysis. With the increase of borehole distance, adsorption constant a presents a tendency toward enlargement and adsorption constant b has an opposite variation tendency, which is consistent with the change tendency of the curvatures of the curves. Remarkable variation occurs in pore size distribution of coal samples and adsorption pore proportion decreases from 55.38% to 33.27% with the decrease in borehole distance. The curves of coal parameters (a, b, Xabs) present a characteristic of boundness and nonlinearity and the variation amplitude is "gentle-drastic-gentle", which obeys the Boltzmann equation. There exists a significant sectionalized feature after the treatment of hydraulic slotting and methane pre-drainage. That is, region of significant influencing, region of transition and region of non-significant influencing. The gas pressure decreases and the effective stress increases after the treatment, which controls the adsorption property of coal. Hydraulic slotting and methane pre-drainage are sequential processes and each is a dominate factor that changes the methane adsorption property in relevant process. The results can provide reliable theoretical support for the application of hydraulic slotting. © 2014 Elsevier B.V.
Experimental study on the pore structure characteristics of the Upper Ordovician Wufeng Formation shale in the southwest portion of the Sichuan Basin, ChinaJian Xiong | Xiangjun Liu | Lixi Liang
Volume 22, Issue , January 2015, Pages 530-539
© 2015 Elsevier B.V.In this study, the pore structure characteristics of shales from the Upper Ordovician Wufeng Formation in the southwest portion of the Sichuan Basin of China were investigated by X-ray diffraction analysis, total organic carbon (TOC) content analysis, thermal maturity analysis and low-pressure N2 adsorption/desorption analysis. The relationships among the TOC, mineralogical compositions, specific surface area and pore volume were discussed. The results show that the organic matter contents of shales were moderate, ranging from 0.621% to 4.52%; the vitrinite reflectance values were within the range of 2.05%-2.16%. The shales mainly contained quartz and clay minerals. The quartz contents ranged from 48.88% to 72.12%, and the clay mineral contents ranged from 16.74% to 38.58%. The specific surface area was between 6.78m2/g and 24.59m2/g, and the total pore volume ranged from 0.03742 to 0.07264cm3/g. The micropore surface area and micropore volume ranged from 0.0 to 7.85m2/g and from 0.0 to 0.03801cm3/g, respectively. The organic matter and clay minerals had a positive influence on the specific surface area and pore volume, especially the micropore structure, whereas the quartz had a negative influence. The DFT-PSDs and BJH-PSDs indicated that there were nanometer-scale pores in the shales ranging from smaller than 1nm to several hundred nanometers that reveal comprehensively nano-pore characteristics. The shales had a multimodal distribution, as indicated by the DFT-PSDs curves, whereas the BJH-PSDs curves suggest that shales may show unimodal distribution with a peak between 60 and 100nm. The micropores and fine mesopores (pore size between 2 and 6nm) of shales have a significant contribution to specific surface area, whereas the large mesopores (pore size between 20 and 50nm) and macropores of shales have a significant contribution to the pore volume.


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Photos: Mayweather-Cotto - Behind The Scenes at MGM
Photos and text by Chris Robinson
It was a packed scene at the weigh-in for Saturday night's 'Ring Kings' event at the MGM Grand in Las Vegas, Nevada, headlined by the Floyd Mayweather-Miguel Cotto junior welterweight title fight. Such luminaries as Bernard Hopkins, Erik Morales, Roy Jones Jr., Paulie Malignaggi, Andre Ward, Harold Lederman, Roger Mayweather, Devon Alexander, Zab Judah, and several others were on hand to make for a lively environment.
[QUOTE=liraj;12080668]Damn. Devon looks like he just hopped off the short yellow bus.[/QUOTE] oh sh*t, LMAO....Comment by UTEP on 05-05-2012
Damn. Devon looks like he just hopped off the short yellow bus.Comment by olly1990 on 05-05-2012
devon alexander looks like a 10 yr old kid haha.Comment by Underated Boxer on 05-05-2012
gamboa looks to be on some heavy drugs lol.Comment by -EX- on 05-05-2012
[IMG]http://www.boxingscene.com/uploads/52534/1336186045_IMG_3468.JPG[/IMG] Damn Danny Jacobs needs to get back in the ring... Bad pic of Gamboa......nice to see Roy in the building...Post a Comment - View More User Comments (12)

subset: commoncrawl


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Wheaton Funding Opportunities
We know that your attainment and demonstration of requisite competencies in targeted areas of interest help you to be career-ready: give you the edge. Wheaton's Funded Internship Program provides eligible students with at least one opportunity to apply their college experiences in the world of work. Through engagement with career advisors, you will gain access to a host of resources that will help you better understand the connections between your academic and career interests and provide the tools to help you to most effectively take advantage of Wheaton's career resources.
Each year, Wheaton awards more than $800,000 to eligible students undertaking unpaid internships, research and volunteer experiences in fields as diverse as global security, publishing, environmental sustainability, international business and diplomacy. With summer fellowship awards ranging from $3,000 to $5,000 and term-time career-exploration funding, you can dive into meaningful work starting your first year!
WHEATON FUNDING FAQs
Who will help me understand the Wheaton Funded Internship program?
You can meet with any of the Career Advisors to ask questions and discuss your ideas. First-year students have a dedicated Career Advisor and a dedicated Career Peer Advisor (CPA) with whom they will interact through their FYS and a variety of workshops and information sessions. You will have to meet with their Career Advisor or a CPA in the first semester of their first year to begin the conversation about career exploration and to establish their eligibility for Wheaton Edge funding.
1. Wheaton Edge Competitive Funding
There is a wide variety of competitive fellowships available for students to undertake educationally meaningful domestic or international experiences that link to academic or career interests. Students are invited to submit proposals to fund unpaid domestic or international non-credit bearing internships, service/volunteer experiences or structured independent research based on their interests and background. Students can design and initiate their own assignments and contacts, either independently or through established organizations. Students also may seek suggestions and guidance from faculty and staff. Recipients receive a $3,000-$5000 stipend to support experiences of 6-8 weeks (minimum of 240 hours) during the summer break. Learn more at: http://wheatoncollege.edu/career-services/funding-opportunities/
2. Student-Faculty Research
Student-faculty research projects take place each summer in a variety of academic departments. Interested students should contact faculty directly about research opportunities.
3. Wheaton Merit Stipends
Balfour/Community/Trustee Scholars represent top students in each entering class. They are recognized for strong academic performance, demonstrated extra-curricular, and/or community service commitment. Merit Scholars receive a one-time $3000 stipend that can be applied to a range of unpaid out-of-class learning experiences including internships, research, student-faculty collaborations, faculty-led trips and community service endeavors.
4. Wheaton Edge Junior Summer Funding
The Wheaton Edge Junior Summer Stipend is available only to those students who:
• are, according to the Registrar, a rising senior
• are not a Merit Scholar
• have not received a major Wheaton summer fellowship*
• secured a paid summer experiential opportunity (internship, volunteer position, research position) with the assistance of the Wheaton Edge
Funded Internship Program.
Students are invited to submit proposals to fund unpaid domestic or international non-credit bearing internships, service/volunteer experiences or structured independent research based on their interests and background. Students can design and initiate their own assignments and contacts, either independently or through established organizations. Students also may seek suggestions and guidance from faculty and staff. Recipients receive a stipend to support experiences of 6-8 weeks (minimum of 240 hours) during the summer break.
*Wheaton-related funding includes Merit Scholar Stipends (Balfour, Trustee, and Community), Davis International Fellowships, Porter Cleveland Fellowships, Robert College in Istanbul Funding, Wheaton Fellowships, Keefe Family Foundation Business Fellowships, Mars Faculty-Student Research Grants, MassChallenge Summer Fellowship, and/or paid summer internship or job secured through a Wheaton Career Partner.
What are the requirements for the Wheaton Edge Funded Internship Program?
You are eligible for summer and/or term-time funding if you:
- attend:
- Sophomore Symposium, and/or
- Student Employee Career Development Workshop, and/or
- Dialogue Information Training through the Office of Multicultural Education, and
- meet with a career advisor and/or a CPA one time each semester
- have worked with Career Services to develop a professional resume and LinkedIn profile
• activated your CampusTap account
• are in good academic and social standing
How do I apply for Wheaton Edge Funding?
You are invited to submit on-line applications for unpaid domestic or international non-credit internships, service/volunteer experiences, faculty-student research or structured independent research of 6-8 weeks' duration (240 hours) based on their interests and background. You can design and initiate your own assignments and contacts, either independently or through established organizations. They also may seek suggestions and guidance from faculty and staff. Proposals must identify a specific organization, describing the goals and the nature of the activities in which the student will be engaged. Students must also identify an individual who will serve as the site supervisor. Students may apply for structured independent research directly in support of their academic majors, senior or honors theses, etc. All proposals for structured independent research require a letter of support from a Wheaton faculty member.
How do students find a summer experience?
Students may choose to work with Career Services to explore, identify and apply for an internship, volunteer experience or a research post or can undertake this task on their own. What are the obligations if a student receives a stipend?
As a recipient of this stipend, the student's responsibilities/obligations are:
a. Required attendance at a pre-departure meeting before leaving for the summer and completion of all necessary payroll paperwork (by the end of April) in order to receive payment in the first week of June. (Students are required to cover expenses before receiving the stipend, and should plan accordingly.) Since the stipend MAY BE considered taxable income, students will receive a document outlining tax information at the pre-departure meeting.
b. If going overseas, students will need to purchase overseas health insurance through the Center for Global Education.
c. Submission of a 1-2 page reflection essay on the experience at the end of August to Ben Chalot, Associate Director of Career Services and presentation of a poster/presentation at the annual Internship Showcase, held in November. (If the gift is named for a benefactor whose gifts to Wheaton have made the award possible, the student may be asked to acknowledge that fact.)
What if I find an internship that is paid?
Congratulations! That is great … and many students find opportunities that are funded by organizations sponsoring formal internship programs or research. If you secure an internship that is paid, you should meet with your Career Adviser to discuss how to proceed. Depending on the amount you will be paid, you may or may not be eligible for funding from the College.


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Rent Dynamic Physical Education for Elementary School Children 16th edition today, or search our site for other textbooks by Robert P. Pangrazi. Every textbook comes with a 21-day "Any Reason" guarantee. Published by Benjamin Cummings.
Need help ASAP? We have you covered with 24/7 instant online tutoring. Connect with one of our Science tutors now.


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What Is PR?
- "PR" stands for "public relations."
- The goal of PR is to relate information to the public that will benefit the client.
- The client determines who its "public" is: examples include potential consumers, customers, investors or decisionmakers (Congress).
- The client either creates a staff position within the company to handle PR activities or it hires a PR consultant or agency.
- A PR consultant works with the client to determine: 1) what information is important to relay (based on client's objectives); 2) who the audience is; and 3) the best way to distribute the selected information to the selected audiences.
- The information given to the public is selected to help promote and sell the client: either its product, services or position.
- Information is relayed to the public through many different methods: events, shareholder meetings, advertising and direct mail are examples.
- The medianewspapers, magazines, radio, tv, internetprovides distribution for the information PR consultants try to get to audiences.
- However, the media-writers, producers, critics, reviewers, editors are also an audience for the information, since they receive the client's information first and then decide how and/or if to distribute it to their direct audience: readers, listeners or viewers.
- Media who cover jazz are the most important audience to those of us who work with clients in jazz.
Thanks for reading!


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Gifts of Bread and Wine Cake
Additional Information
Step 1
At least 3 days in advance, make flowers: Mix 24 oz. of fondant with 2 tablespoons of Gum-Tex; roll out. Using cutters from flower making set, make 120 wild roses, 100 pansies and 75 each forget-me-nots, apple blossoms, large and small daisies and calyxes. Dry on smallest flower formers, dusted with cornstarch. Add tip 3 dot centers to all flowers with royal icing.
Step 2
Ice 1-layer round cakes and half ball cake smooth; prepare for pillar and stacked construction. Attach flowers with buttercream, completely covering all cakes.
Step 3
At reception, assemble cakes. Position top piece of heart base on lower plate; attach Communion Girl to base with hot glue. Wrap smaller gazebo sections around pillars, using only 3 of 4 for bottom of pillars. Position Wire Lace Cross.
24 ounces Ready-To-Use White Rolled Fondant
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8 x 2 in. Round Pan
14 x 2 in. Round Pan
4 Arched Pillars ((6 1/2 inch pillars used))
2 16 in. Cake Circles
Hot Glue Gun
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Blessings Bestowed on this day are jewels to cherish forever! A mosaic of brightly colored piping gel squares provides eye-catching contrast to this otherwise all-white cake design.
A lovely way to evoke the spirit of Easter--our Rejoice, Alleluia Cake decorates a traditional fondant cross with a beautiful spray of Morning Glories, Bluebells and drop flowers.
Truly a divine dessert! Our Cross Pan and Floral Collection Flower Making Set makes it easy to serve this stunning cross-shaped cake at Easter, christenings, First Communions, showers and any religious gathering.


text: You are here: Home > Course > Desserts > Puddings > Pudding Puddingby shipragoyal 30 Oct 2002 Tweet Added to 7 cookbooks This recipe has been viewed 12105 times Discover delicious and simple pudding recipe at tarla dalal.com. Find many easy to prepare quick, tasty pudding recipe, fudge recipe, chocolate recipe. Add your private note Pudding recipe - How to make Pudding Tags ChristmasPuddings Preparation Time: 15 minutes   Cooking Time: nil   Total Time: 15 mins     Show me for servings Ingredients 1 cup lemon juice mixed with water1 packet of parle g biscuits2 bananas , chopped1 packet of britannia cake (crumbled)1 bowl of chopped grapes350 gms cream Method Take a large bowl , dip glucose biscuits in lime water & arrange them in a pudding bowl ,Spread a layer of banana then cover the whole banana layer with crumbled cake after that put half sweetened cream on top of the cake,Then give a layer of grapes after covering with grapes put a layer of crumbled cake again a layer of biscuits dipped in lime water. Other Related Recipes This recipe was contributed by shipragoyal on 30 Oct 2002Know more about this member, Click Here


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8 posts tagged with python and code.
Displaying 1 through 8 of 8. Subscribe:
Recommendations for an easy, customizable Python Parser for NLP?
There are loads of options (too many!), but I can't figure out if there is a basic parser that I could use and tweak a bit, or which might be the most straight-forward to create a new parser for a language variety without one. Any ideas for someone with limited skill would be awesome at this point. [more inside]
Summer (Winter?) of Code
I'm hoping to find short (2 month-ish to 6 month-ish) full-time, in-person programs that teach practical computer programming skills (Ruby, Python, iOS, PHP, R, Matlab, etc.) [more inside]
beginner book on python
I have done some java but I am still a novice programmer and would need to start from a beginner's level. Could anyone please give recommendations for suitable good books. I will also try the official python tutorial as well, but I don't find online resources on their own to be as good as having a book to supplement helpful online materials.
Getting a part-time programming job without a degree...
How do you go about when you look for a part-time entry-level software developer job? [more inside]
It's ALIVE! and it thinks (coding DNA and Neural Nets for fun)
Amateur coder looking to make a "toy" Neural Net and also genetic/phenotypic DNA evolution/breeding system for a "virtual pet" game. Any tools that can make this approachable for me, preferably in Python? [more inside]
Database application freelancer seeking programming language advice
I'm planning on starting a database freelancing business. I understand a lot of people prefer Microsoft Access or FileMaker. With the current evolving trend of applications going on the web and add to that my somewhat good experience with PHP, HTML, Javascript and CSS I'm seeking a cross platform efficient application environment. This is why I believe Access and FileMaker are not an option, I'm also more experienced with high level languages than I am with Access or FileMaker. [more inside]
What am I missing re: python/urllib2?
Why can't I get python's urllib2 library to fetch a page using HTTP basic authentication? [more inside]
got any mod_python and cheetah resources?
Can anyone point me to a good documentation/samples for building an app using mod_python and cheetah? (and mySQL/DBUtils etc)? [more inside]
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Thomas Holme Elementary
9120 Academy Rd.
Providing all students with the academic, technological & social skills needed to be productive & contributing citizens in our society.
Thomas Holme School
School Supply Lists for 2016-2017A complete set of K-6 school supply lists can be found here.
Austin Meehan Middle School Welcomes Incoming 7th Grade StudentsStaff from Austin Meehan Middle School visited Thomas Holme on Tuesday, June 7, 2016. Information was shared with students about the opportunities at Austin Meehan and a survey was distributed to students. The completed survey will help Austin Meehan staff find the best fit for incoming students. You may download a copy of the welcome letter from Ms. Jackson as well as the survey by clicking here.
Important Dates
School Year Calendar : 2016 - 2017
The following is the calendar for all schools and Pre-Kindergarten Programs for the 2016 - 2017 school year:
School Uniform
The uniform at Thomas Holme Elementary School consists of navy pants or skirts and a light blue collared shirt. The Thomas Holme gym uniform consists of navy shorts or sweats and a red Thomas Holme or plain red t-shirt. "Hoodies" are not permitted at any time. Students may wear a navy blue sweater.
No Smoking on School Grounds
Please keep in mind that Thomas Holme is a SMOKE FREE ZONE!!! We ask that you refrain from smoking on school grounds, and especially in the yard when picking up and dropping off your children.
Monthly Breakfast and Lunch Menus
Want to know what's for lunch at Thomas Holme? Full service menu's are posted monthy by the School District of Philadelphia's Division of Food Services. (Thomas Holme Elementary is considered a K-8 school when selecting the appropriate menu.)
Art Donations
Dear Parent,
My name is Mrs. Potocki, I am looking forward to another fantastic school year. I will be teaching our students to enjoy, appreciate, and create art...We will look at and talk about major works/styles and cultures from around the world.
During the years as an Art teacher at Thomas Holme, I had the pleasure of working with wonderful and very talented young artists in my classroom. The artwork of our students has been recognized and awarded by organizations such as Fresh Artists and Linback Foundation. Thomas Holme Artists participate in art clubs, fieldtrips, art shows and win contests and awards every year for their outstanding productions. Last year our very own student has been awarded a gift sponsored by State Representative Ed Neilson for participating in a presidential poster contest.
As always we have another amazing and creative journey ahead of us in the Art Room. However, this year, in order to continue this journey we will need parents be help us be equipped with art supplies for the upcoming school year.
We cannot make this year as successful without your contribution.
If you would like to donate to our Art program, you may have the opportunity to place your desired amount in the account provided by Donorschoose.Org. The account is a simple list of art supplies I have requested for all my students this school year.
Please follow this link "Art Donations", which will take you directly to an account box where you can place your desired amount. Every dollar goes a long way.
Once the dollar amount for the supplies has been met the supplies will be directly sent to our school. I thank you in advance for participating in your child's Art Program this year.
Mrs. Potocki
Art Teacher


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Chamberlin's Reading v Sunderland preview
Reading take on a Sunderland side bolstered by the deadline day signing of striker Danny Graham.
Fri February 1 2013
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European captain Darren Clarke discusses the morning pairings on day two.
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Lighter side of the Ryder Cup
Despite all the drama and pressure the Ryder Cup also throws up plenty of humorous moments.
Sat October 1 2016
Momentum key for McIlroy
Rory McIlroy says it is vital Team Europe build on their fine performance in the day one fourballs.
Sat October 1 2016
Confidence growing at St. Mary's
James Ward-Prowse talks about Southampton's upturn in form and life under new boss Claude Puel.
Sat October 1 2016
Henry meets Wenger
Gunners legend Thierry Henry talks to Arsene Wenger about the highs and lows during his 20 years in charge of Arsenal.
Sat October 1 2016
Chambers hopes to learn from Karanka
Calum Chambers talks about why he moved to Middlesbrough and how Aitor Karanka can help him improve his game.
Sat October 1 2016
Who stole Sean Ryder's cup?
Watch DCI Banks & DCI Mancs decipher the clues to work out who stole Sean Ryder's cup in this LIVE sketch.
Sat October 1 2016
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Ted Kravitz and Mark Hughes explain what changes Mercedes have made in 2016 and why they may be impacting Lewis Hamilton
Sat October 1 2016
McIlroy shows his passion
Rory McIlroy and Thomas Pieters fought off a battling Dustin Johnson and Matt Kuchar to win their match 3&2, leaving Europe trailing 5-3 at the end of day one.
Fri September 30 2016
Agent: I lied to impress businessmen
Pino Pagliara, the agent at the centre of the corruption allegations, has said he lied when claiming that eight current and former Premier League managers took bribes, making it up to impress businessmen.
Fri September 30 2016
Match In A Minute - Everton v Crystal Palace
Jamie Carragher reflects on the Friday Night Football match at Goodison Park as Everton faced Crystal Palace.
Fri September 30 2016
Blue on the board!
Justin Rose and Henrik Stenson were delighted with their fourballs performance, securing Europe's first point of the 2016 Ryder Cup.
Sat October 1 2016
Steve McClaren's #One2Eleven
Steve McClaren picks his best 11 from the 1999 Manchester United squad.
Fri September 30 2016
Pardew: Hard done by
Crystal Palace manager Alan Pardew felt two key decisions went against his side in the 1-1 draw against Everton.
Fri September 30 2016
Lennon ready for big weekend
Neil Lennon looks ahead to Hibernian's clash with Dundee United live on Sky Sports on Sunday and talks about his love of the Ryder Cup.
Fri September 30 2016
Clarke: 4-0 is a fair result
Europe Ryder Cup captain Darren Clarke conceded the USA deserved to be 4-0 up after the day one foursomes but said there's a lot of points to play for.
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US pair produce stunning comeback
Jimmy Walker and Zach Johnson won five holes in a row to comeback from one down to win 4&2 against Sergio Garcia and Martin Kaymer.
Fri September 30 2016
Reed enjoys Hazeltine cheers
Patrick Reed says he lives for moments like the winning putt in the morning foursomes at Hazeltine.
Fri September 30 2016
Sauerland expecting fireworks
Juergen Braehmer's promoter Kalle Sauerland expects fireworks in the fight with Nathan Cleverly on Saturday night, live on Sky Sports 2 from 8pm.
Fri September 30 2016
Tactics: Tottenham v Man City
Danny Higginbotham runs through the key tactical battles ahead of Tottenham's Premier League match with Manchester City.
Fri September 30 2016
Tubes meets Firmino
A sneak peek of Tubes' chat with Liverpool's Roberto Firmino. Watch the full interview on Soccer AM, Sky Sports 1 from 10am.
Fri September 30 2016
Hughes questions Man Utd's mentality
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Fri September 30 2016
Conte: FA must uncover corruption truth
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Fri September 30 2016
Pochettino: Too early for title decider
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Fri September 30 2016
Training Talk - Les Kiss
Ulster head coach Les Kiss speaks to Miles Harrison ahead of Ulster v Ospreys in the Pro 12. Watch the match live on Sky Sports 3 on Saturday from 6.15pm.
Fri September 30 2016
Rory relishes partnership
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Fri September 30 2016
Jeff & Merson's Sunday Preview
Jeff Stelling and Paul Merson look ahead to Sunday's Premier League fixtures.
Fri September 30 2016
Jeff & Merson's FNF Preview
Jeff Stelling and Paul Merson look ahead to the Friday Night Football between Everton and Crystal Palace.
Fri September 30 2016
Who will be the next England manager?
Jeff Stelling and Paul Merson discuss who the next England manager could be.
Fri September 30 2016
Pulis disappointed over Allardyce departure
Stoke manager Tony Pulis wants the football authorities to act on the information revealed in Daily Telegraph investigation.
Fri September 30 2016
Jones plays down England injury concerns
England head coach Eddie Jones is confident his big-name stars can still feature in the Autumn Internationals despite fitness worries.
Fri September 30 2016
Arsene's anniversary present
Arsene Wenger had a special present for reporters to mark his 20 years at Arsenal. SSNHQ's Gary Cotterill shows us what the Arsenal manager gave him.
Fri September 30 2016
Hughes: Name corrupt individuals
Stoke manager Mark Hughes is worried football's reputation is being damaged by not naming those accused of corruption.
Fri September 30 2016
Wenger celebrates 20 years at Arsenal
Arsenal manager Arsene Wenger says he doesn't want a big fuss as he celebrates 20 years in charge
Fri September 30 2016
First tee nerves
Andrew Coltart walks us through what it's like to hit your first ball at the Ryder Cup.
Fri September 30 2016
Love explains opening picks
US Captain Davis Love III explains his choices for the opening foursomes at the Ryder Cup.
Thu September 29 2016
Henry meets Lukaku
In a wide-ranging interview ahead of Friday Night Football, Everton striker Romelu Lukaku opens up to Thierry Henry.
Thu September 29 2016
In Arnie's memory
Tony Jacklin and Jack Nicklaus dedicate the 41st Ryder Cup to the memory of golf legend Arnold Palmer
Thu September 29 2016
Fan embarrasses Stenson and Rose
A US fan holes a putt at Hazeltine, after Justin Rose and Henrik Stenson wager $100 that he couldn't.


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RANK NTRACT LOCAL NUMBER OFWORKERS EXPIRATION DATE 1) STOP & SHOP (NEW ENGLAND) Multiple 42,000 Feb. 14* 2) NORTHERN CALIFORNIA GROCERY MASTER Multiple 27,939 Sept. 11 3) GIANT/SAFEWAY (WASHINGTON/BALTIMORE) Local 400, Local 27 25,043 March 27 4) PUGET SOUND (WASH.) Multiple 17,353 May 2 5) KROGER/ALBERTSONS/SAFEWAY (DENVER) Local 7R 14,174 Sept. 11 6) MINNEAPOLIS Local 653 12,482 Feb. 29 7) KROGER (HOUSTON) Local 455 12,091 April 3 8) KROGER (LOUISVILLE, ...
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Third Man Books is excited to be in California on Oct 13 and Oct 15. Tuesday we'll be visiting one of America's most historical / influential bookstores: City Lights. Two days later we'll be in Los Angeles performing on the rooftop of the sleek and always artist friendly Downtown Ace Hotel. For these dates, we'll be featuring TMB's newest author Sampson Starkweather, whose PAIN: The Board Game hits the streets on Oct 13; TMB's first author Janaka Stucky, whose The Truth Is We Are Perfect is nearing its second pressing; and, poet/ jeweler Paige Taggart (Language Lessons, Want for Lion).
To top it off, we're very VERY excited to have Northern California artist Ginny Stanford also on the bill at City Lights for a very special reading of selected poems from Frank Stanford's Hidden Water. Icing on the cake, and so folks won't accuse us of being overly poet-centric, Los Angeles native Amelia Gray will join us Thursday at Ace Hotel to read stories from her incredible collection Gutshot.
Come hang out with us! Drinks will be served both nights. Free TMR/TMB tote bags will be on hand. And books, limited editions, and more books will be available for purchase.
AND DON'T FORGET THE TURNTABLES! Tuesday night DJ PETER MARAVELIS will be on the decks. Thursday the indomitable ZACH COWIE.
THIRD MAN BOOKS: Where your turntable's not dead and the page still turns.
The Dead Weather have released the final of four technique and instrument-based videos. In this fourth episode, vocalist Alison Mosshart lets us in on her favorite way to come up with ideas for lyrics. Please note that we don't necessarily condone her unique method, but we trust her and love the results - a lot. The video, directed by Jack White, concludes with a full band live performance of the smoldering voodoo of "Lose the Right" from the new album Dodge And Burn.
Dodge and Burn - the band's third album and first full-length release in five years - is available now. Pick up your copy on CD/LP here.
This is a book meant to make a difference; proceeds from every sale of Acknowledge: An Anthology of Selected Poems from The Contributor will be donated to the street paper The Contributor. Acknowledge gives voice to our homeless neighbors. Voices that will fill you with warmth, sadness, courage, and much, much joy. For instance, how could a raccoon become so important? Ever know a dog named Sneakers? What exactly is a "Cadillac turn"? Heard of a Sunflower Hubcap?
"ACKNOWLEDGE: An Anthology of Selected Poems from The Contributor collects poems from the seven years that The Contributors' poetry section has been published. The writers are the homeless and formerly homeless vendors of the street paper located in Nashville, TN. The vendors are old and young, man and woman, both native to Nashville and not. The poems present human perspectives on homelessness and daily life in the words of those most affected. Our intention at Third Man Books is, of course, to bolster awareness of The Contributor and raise funds for its vendors. We encourage all to continue to purchase papers from vendors whenever possible."—Joshua Gillis, editor
"Since its first issue in 2007, The Contributor, located in Nashville, Tennessee, has published poetry by Contributor supporters, homeless advocates, and most notably the homeless and formerly homeless vendors who sell the street newspaper. Vendor poetry became a part of my life when I joined its staff as the editorial assistant at the end of 2011. For years, I typed up poetry written on fast food napkins, crisp notebook paper, and stained scraps of flyers, receipts and medical documents. I read poetry emailed from downtown library computers, mailed from Pennsylvania typewriters, and scribbled in marker five minutes before we closed our doors for the day. I've always preached that our poetry section is the most powerful and interesting work within The Contributor pages because of both the brash honesty and the opportunity for empowerment." —Linda Bailey, assistant editor at The Contributor.
A few important facts about both the anthology and The Contributor:
*Acknowledge features 38 different poets, all homeless or formerly homeless vendors of The Contributor.
*The Contributor is a nonprofit. Provides 300+ active homeless and formerly homeless newspaper vendors with a pathway to earn income.
*The Contributor is the largest street newspaper per capita in the world, with nearly 6 million copies sold and $1.5 million invested by vendors in their paper sale micro-businesses since 2007.
*Three poets, Wayne Walden, Chris Scott, and David S. Pointer from The Contributor's pages have gone on to publish full length books.
*One of The Contributor's Poets, Jennifer A. was awarded the International Network of Street Papers (INSP) "Best Vendor Submission" for her poem, "A Late Dinner with my Son." Her submission was chosen from other vendor submissions from street newspapers around the world. The poem is featured in Acknowledge.
*The street newspaper is published weekly and averages a monthly circulation of 60,000 copies
*The Contributor has received coverage from NPR, The New York Times, USA Today, The Tennessean, The Nashville Scene, and local TV.
Even the most casual and detached TMR fans know, we love Detroit. Many of us here at Nashville HQ will always call Detroit home, and the new Record Store and Novelties Lounge is set to open in Detroit soon thereby completing phase one of Operation: Full Circle! Coincidentally, our friends and purveyors of kindhearted cool at Pitchfork are bringing Pitchfork Radio to Detroit for the next THR33 W33KS, and we couldn't be more excited but we're going to try anyway. Starting tomorrow we will have a Third Man Records block on Pitchfork Radio every Wednesday 3 – 4PM EST. Join us this week for an hour with your new favorite DJ's Wolf Eyes, whose new album I Am a Problem: Mind in Pieces is available everywhere on Devil's Night. Pitchfork Radio is presented and powered by TuneIn broadcasting from Shinola's sister store, Willy's Detroit. There will be shows from Pitchfork staffers, Detroit powerhouses, the dopest DJs around, and appearances from Protomartyr, Ghostly International and Cassette Store Day DJs with a == TAPES ONLY == set. Pitchfork Radio is streaming HERE so what are you waiting for?
The Dead Weather's new album DODGE AND BURN debuted on Billboard's Top 200 at #10 with 32,787 copies sold, making the Third Man Records release the top selling independent album of the week. Dodge and Burn also came in at #1 on the Vinyl Chart with 12,375 LP's sold. This is Third Man Records and Jack White's third consecutive Billboard Top 200 top 10 debut and #1 first week vinyl sales. Here's a breakdown of the charts...
#1 – LP Vinyl Albums
#1 – Indie Albums
#2 – Alternative Albums
#8 – Top Current Albums
#9 – Current Physical Albums
#10 – Billboard Top 200
#15 - Switzerland
#15 - Norway
#16 – Current Digital Albums
#16 - Canada
#20 - Belgium
#21 - United Kingdom
#21 - Australia
#25 - Netherlands
#28 - Austria
#32 - New Zealand
#32 - Ireland
#39 - France
#57 - Germany
Check out the reviews that have come in here.
The time is nigh for yet another exceptional installment of our Jack White-produced Blue Series of singles. Third Man is privileged to work with Melbourne, Australia's very own Courtney Barnett, a sharp singer-songwriter-guitarist who has quickly made her mark on garage pop fans worldwide with her witty, self-deprecating, and authentic observations turned into raw, stream-of-consciousness lyrics and blunt melodies. The wry-and-dry songstress stopped by Third Man Studios in Nashville over a long weekend this summer to record a couple tracks and damn did she ever deliver. The A-side "Boxing Day Blues Revisited" is the slinky and bittersweet epilogue to "Boxing Day Blues," the somber closer from her album Sometimes I Sit and Think, and Sometimes I Just Sit. It's a strangely catching, plaintive reflection on the loneliness that blossoms when a person you care about treats you like literal garbage. The track is jaunty yet aloof, with CB's trademark conversational lyricism in perfect contrast to the B-side, a beautifully dark reboot of the Roland S. Howard-penned "Shivers" back from his days in The Boys Next Door. Barnett's unfastened delivery of an ironic tale of teenage love and mortality brings a new level of feeling to the song, making it a welcome addition to that Sounds of Late Fall mix you've been working on.
Keep your eyes open and ears peeled for this one 'cause you ain't gonna wanna miss it. It'll be in the Third Man Store and records stores everywhere on October 16th, 2015, and now you can pre-order the 7" HERE and check out Shivers HERE:


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Nail art will always have its place, but a new twist on this that we're digging is the idea of nail architecture. Thanks to celeb nail artist and Nail Rock founder Zoe Pocock, we can build gorgeous nail looks with the likes of glitter, sequins, and other fancy add-ons.
When I first got this in my birchbox I thought it would be amazing because I love a sparkle on my nails. I am a nail polish guru and absolutely hated this product! Despite being extra careful and following directions exactly, the glitter still got everywhere and did not stay on the nail neatly. I would recommend a polish with sparkle already in it as this dip process did not work seamlessly.1
SO messy. I tried using my sample twice, just to make sure the smudgy mess I created the first time wasn't a fluke. The glitter gets everywhere and comes off so quickly. I had flashbacks to middle school nail polish nightmares. Probably very fun for little kids, not for a working adult. Sorry Birchbox... this wasn't a home run for me.1
I'm not sure what I was expecting but this was a terrible idea. My nails looked and felt dirty and the bits of texture wear off unevenly in pitiful flakey clumps. Worse still is that the polish alone without the colored texture dirt is awful. I was hoping to salvage by having a new polish but it was not to be.2


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Education events
BFI Membership
Join now for priority booking and ticket discounts.
25 and under
If you're aged 16 to 25, head down to BFI Southbank 45 minutes before the film starts to grab a last-minute ticket for just £3.
Digital BFI Southbank Guide
Help protect our nation's film collection.


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I grew up right outside of Washington, D.C., and was exposed at an early age to a lot of different culturesâ¦and their cuisines. The district is home to a plethora of Ethiopian restaurants, for instance, so I know my Ethiopian food, and I sure do love it. (Very vegetarian-friendly, and you eat with your hands!) Another one of my exposures, Moroccan food, is a vastly different experience from Ethiopian food, but still totally excellent, so I would be a fool not to be stoked to try other African cuisines. And so would you. Join the festivities at the Taste of Africa, one of five weekends of African culture for the entire family as part of the African Unity Festival sponsored by DFW International. There will be dishes from five African nations, as well as a Parade of Nations ceremony. Taste Africa at the African-American Museum, 3536 Grand Ave., at 7 p.m. Saturday. Admission is $50. Visit dfwinternational.org/AfricanUnity/AfricanTaste for more information.
Sat., May 9, 7 p.m., 2009
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Rev. Michelle Slater, Minister of Word, Sacrament and Pastoral Care
Michelle's mission is to lead people of all ages to know and experience the love of God,
and to grow as followers of Jesus.
Her goals are children, youth and adults who:
- know and live the biblical story
- know and share the good news of Jesus Christ
- have a relationship with God, both individual and communal
- belong to a small group in the congregation
- share their gifts: time, skills, money, service
- practice prayer and other spiritual practices
- know a basic repertoire of hymns, responses, and prayers
- care for and build one another up in the Body of Christ
- worship weekly
Her gifts include vital and faithful worship, teaching the faith, leadership development, and vision development and leadership.
Michelle can be reached at 250-598-5021, ext. 204 or at
Tressa Brotsky is our Coordinator of Children and Family Ministry
She thinks she has the best job in the world.Tressa welcomes you to be in touch with any questions about our children's Church and Family programs. Or maybe you'd like to volunteer in our Children's Church? Or in a non-leadership way - like being our Supplies Coordinator? Or Birthday Card fairy?
We are always welcoming Senior Highs to Seniors, women and men, as leaders and support leaders for our programs. We offer training and support, and all volunteers are required to satisfy a criminal records check (which is free).
Tressa can be found in person at Sunday worship,
or Wednesday mornings at the Church Office at 1355 Mitchell Street.
Gordon Miller, Music Minister
Gordon's musical background includes training through the Canadian Armed Forces, School of Music. He is an accomplished trumpet player, pianist and choral director. His contemporary and jazz styling on piano and guitar frequently come through on Sunday mornings. A life-long United Church adherent as a musician and musical director, he embodies a deep respect and appreciation for the musical traditions of the church.
Messages can be left for Gordon at 250-213-1948 or at
Brianne De Man, Youth Leader
Brianne is a graduate student at UVic studying for her Master of Public Health. She did my undergraduate degree in Psychology at the University of Alberta in Edmonton, and grew up in the neighbouring community of Fort Saskatchewan. Her dad was a United Church Minister there for 12 years before he passed away in 2007. She was fortunate enough to grow up in the church where she was able to serve through her passions for music and working with youth. She was a co-leader of the First United Church (Fort Saskatchewan) youth group for two years before she moved to Victoria, and have been working with the children and youth ministries at OBUC since she started attending in September 2014. She is excited to embark on this new journey with an energized congregation and a wonderful group of youth!
See what the youth group is doing here!
Brianne can be reached at 250-818-5494, or at
Khalilah Alwani, Coordinator of Communications
In this role, Khalilah seeks to support communication and thus, activity, connection and relationship building, amongst members of the congregation, and between Oak Bay United Church and other diverse communities.
Khalilah has, with gratitude, lived the majority of her life thus far on unceded Coast Salish Territories, with mixed South Asian and western European ancestry. She is passionate about community health, social justice, and cultural arts, as well as the practices of dance, cooking, yoga, and meditation. You can often find her in the garden hanging out with plants/worshiping the divine.
Khalilah can be reached at , or found Wednesday mornings at the Church Office at 1355 Mitchell Street.
Church Office
Please call 250-598-5021 (Ext. 0 or 200) or e-mail: .
The Lay Leadership
We recently restructured the way we govern our organization and engage our ministries. Our focus was to spend more of our gifts, time, energy, money and resources on ministry rather than administration and management. We continue to create a leadership environment that is based on the gifts of those offering leadership. Current lay leadership on the board:


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You wouldn't think there's much love or sex in a graveyard, but it turns out that Laurel Hill Cemetery has plenty of both.
Like the Philadelphia banker's son who married one of America's most beautiful actresses. She dumped him.
And the devoted wife who had her heart - her real heart, not a paper cutout - buried next to her first husband. And the Union general who sent the Civil War equivalent of nude selfies to a lover who, after being spurned, published his private yearnings in a book.
Ah, love. Is anything more desired or celebrated?
During the last two years, Laurel Hill has turned Valentine's Day into more than a rush of roses and chocolates. It has developed themed programs based on the heartrending and occasionally heartless tales of some of the 75,000 people who rest in and upon its lawns.


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In many ways it was a decade to forget.
During a ten-year span, we saw the end of one era of unparalleled success in George Welsh as well as the end of an era full of unsatisfactory mediocrity in Al Groh.
While the product on the field for Virginia fans failed to produce the wins we desperately craved, it did produce some high quality talent. Indeed, many of the best players of this decade are currently starting or playing for NFL teams.
Some of these names have gone on for even more success, while others have faded into obscurity. Nevertheless, let's take a moment to shine a light on all the players who helped define the Cavaliers this decade.
Hope you enjoy it!


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To acquire this interest in Cocker, Popper paid a total of $682,000 with any excess acquisition date fair value over book value being allocated to goodwill, which has been measured for impairment annually and has not been determined to be impaired as of January 1, 2012.
On January 1, 2012, Cocker reported a net book value of $1,113,000 before the following transactions were conducted. Popper uses the equity method to account for its investment in Cocker, thereby reflecting the change in book value of Cocker.
21. On January 1, 2012, Cocker issued 10,000 additional shares of common stock for $21 per share. Popper did not acquire any of this newly issued stock. How would this transaction affect the additional paid-in capital of the parent company?
B. decrease it by $23,240.
C. decrease it by $68,250.
D. decrease it by $45,060.
E. decrease it by $43,680.


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3 Avocado Food Hacks for Sandwich Meals
What is a food hack? Hack was originally a computer programmer term for a workaround or trick to get something done in a non-traditional way. Hacks are creative and clever. Here are three food hacks for using avocados to make your sandwich meals tasty and interesting.
Fall Family Fun with Sandwiches
While Fall officially begins with the Equinox toward the end of September, for many of us, back-to-school and football herald this season. If you are a football family, it's time to get together with friends and share a sandwich meal while you cheer your team to victory. Here are ideas and recipes!
Thin Sandwiches with Bold Taste
Sometimes it's satisfying to bite into a thick sandwich with a huge hunk of meat. However, thin sandwiches with bold taste have their own charms. They are usually lower in calories and carbs than their thick cousins. Did I mention the outstanding variety of flavors that they can contain?
15 Sandwich Ideas for Ground Meat
For cost effectiveness and creative spicing options, there is nothing quite like ground meat for sandwiches. Don't be afraid to experiment! Here are 15 outstanding ground meat sandwich ideas.
Fried Tilapia Sandwich Recipe
I used to love fish sandwiches from fast food shops. Recently, I've found them to be unsatisfactory. I had a great reason to make my own fish sandwiches. They were so much tastier than the fast food sandwiches! Try my recipe and see for yourself.
Salvaging a Dry Roast
There's an old saying, "When life gives you a lemon, make lemonade." Well, when you get a dry roast, it doesn't need to stay that way! Use your creativity and the ingredients from your pantry and refrigerator to turn that sad little roast into a totally new, delicious sandwich meal.
Ideas for Sandwiches with Salad Fillings
Here are some ideas for sandwiches made with salad fillings. The breads and condiments on this ideas list might help you get started with suggestions for your own tasty sandwich buffet. Enjoy visiting with friends and family when you make a sandwich buffet.
A Goat Cheese and Muffaletta Sandwich Recipe
A day-old baguette that I had hanging around my kitchen inspired this sandwich. I looked at it and said, "What if I rubbed it with garlic oil and filled it with goodies?" The result is this rich and tasty sandwich that is perfect for a Meatless Monday meal.
Slow Cooker Mixed Bean Soup Jar Recipe
Do you need a present? Make a Bean Soup Jar! You need a quart-sized Mason jar, about 4 cups of mixed beans, seasonings, a piece of cloth, and this recipe for bean soup. That's it! In less time than you can imagine, your present is ready to give to another sandwich lover. Soup and a sandwich yum!
CedarLane Quinoa Tabouli Review
Im always looking for new products that are real foods. You know which ones that I mean. Theyre the foods where you can pronounce all of the ingredients on the label. Theres nothing strange there, just wholesome ingredients that taste great. A recent Costco find was CedarLanes Quinoa Tabouli.
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