text:
Temporal range: Late Cretaceous, 70 Ma
|Skeleton restoration in the Museum of Evolution of Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw
|Scientific classification
Borsuk-Białynicka, 1977
|† O. skarzynskii
|Binomial name
|Opisthocoelicaudia skarzynskii
Borsuk-Białynicka, 1977
Opisthocoelicaudia /ɒˌpɪsθoʊsɪlᵻˈkɔːdiə/ was a genus of sauropod dinosaur of the Late Cretaceous Period discovered in the Gobi Desert of Mongolia. The only species is Opisthocoelicaudia skarzynskii. A well-preserved skeleton lacking only the head and neck was unearthed in 1965 by Polish and Mongolian scientists, making Opisthocoelicaudia one of the best known sauropods from the Late Cretaceous. Tooth marks on this skeleton indicate that large carnivorous dinosaurs had fed on the carcass and possibly had carried away the now-missing parts. To date, only two additional, much less complete specimens are known, including a part of a shoulder and a fragmentary tail. A relatively small sauropod, Opisthocoelicaudia measured about 11.4 metres (37 ft) in length. Like other sauropods, it would have been characterised by a small head sitting on a very long neck and a barrel shaped trunk carried by four column-like legs. The name Opisthocoelicaudia means "posterior cavity tail", alluding to the unusual, opisthocoel condition of the anterior tail vertebrae that were concave on their posterior sides. This and other skeletal features lead researchers to propose that Opisthocoelicaudia was able to rear on its hindlegs.
Named and described by Polish paleontologist Maria Magdalena Borsuk-Białynicka in 1977, Opisthocoelicaudia was first thought to be a new member of the Camarasauridae, but is currently considered a derived member of the Titanosauria. Its exact relationships within Titanosauria are contentious, but it may have been close to the North American Alamosaurus. All Opisthocoelicaudia fossils stem from the Nemegt Formation. Despite being rich in dinosaur fossils, the only other sauropod from this rock unit is Nemegtosaurus, which is known from a single skull. Since the skull of Opisthocoelicaudia remains unknown, several researchers have suggested that Nemegtosaurus and Opisthocoelicaudia may represent the same species. Sauropod footprints from the Nemegt Formation, which include skin impressions, can probably be referred to either Nemegtosaurus or Opisthocoelicaudia as these are the only known sauropods from this formation.
Like other sauropods, Opisthocoelicaudia had a small head on a long neck, a barrel-shaped body on four columnar limbs, and a long tail. It was relatively small for a sauropod; the type specimen was estimated at 11.4 m (37 ft) from the head to the tip of the tail.[1][2] The body mass has been estimated at 8.4 t (19,000 lb),[1] 10.5 t (23,000 lb),[2] 22 t (49,000 lb),[3] 13 t (29,000 lb)[4] and 25.4 t (56,000 lb)[5] in separate studies.
The skull and neck are not preserved, but the reconstruction of the nuchal ligament indicates the possession of a neck of medium length of roughly 5 m (16 ft).[6] As in other titanosaurs, the back was quite flexible due to the lack of accessory vertebral joints (hyposphene-hypantrum articulations),[7] while the pelvic region was strengthened by an additional sixth hip vertebra.[6] The anterior vertebrae of the tail were opisthocoelous, which means they were convex on their anterior sides and concave on their back sides, forming ball-and-socket joints.[6] These opisthocoelous tail vertebrae lend Opisthocoelicaudia its name and serve to distinguish the genus from all other titanosaurs.[8] Other titanosaurs were usually characterised by strongly procoelous anterior tail vertebrae, which were concave on their anterior sides and convex on their back sides.[9] Another unique feature can be found in the back vertebrae, which show bifurcated spinous processes, resulting in a double row of bony projections along the top of the spine.[10] While unique in titanosaurs, this feature can be found in several other unrelated sauropods, including Diplodocus and Euhelopus, where it evolved independently.[11]
As in the hips of other titanosaurs, the ischium was relatively short, measuring only two-thirds the length of the pubis. The left and right ischium bones as well as the left and right pubis bones were ossified with each other over most of their length, closing the gap that in other sauropods is normally present between these bones.[8] The limbs were proportionally short, as seen in other titanosaurs.[12] The forelimbs measured 1.87 m (6.1 ft) in height in the nearly complete specimen, approximately two thirds the length of the hindlimbs, which were reconstructed at 2.46 m (8.1 ft) height.[6] As in other titanosaurs, the limbs were slightly spread outwards rather than standing vertically under the body,[13] while the forelimbs were more flexible and mobile compared to other sauropods.[12]
The manus was composed merely of the five metacarpalia, which were orientated vertically and arranged in a semicircle. Carpal bones were missing, as in other titanosaurs.[6][14] Finger bones and claws were also completely absent – in most other titanosaurs, these bones were still present though extremely reduced in size. In the foot, the talus bone was strongly reduced as in other titanosaurs, while the calcaneus was probably completely absent in Opisthocoelicaudia.[6] In contrast to the manus, the foot showed well developed digits and claws. The phalangeal formula, which states the number of phalanges (digit bones) beginning with the innermost digit, is 2-2-2-1-0. Foot skeletons of titanosaurs are rarely found, and besides Opisthocoelicaudia, completely preserved examples are known only from Epachthosaurus and the unnamed La Invernada titanosaur, whose phalangeal formulas are 2-2-3-2-0 and 2-2-2-2-0, respectively. Of these three titanosaurs, Ophistocoelicaudia was the most derived while showing the fewest phalanges, indicating a progressive reduction in the phalangeal count during titanosaur evolution.[15]
Osteoderms (bony plates formed in the skin) have been found with at least 10 titanosaur genera. The lack of osteoderms in the nearly complete Opisthocoelicaudia skeleton might indicate that they are absent in this genus. [16] However the closeley related Alamosaurus was found to have osteoderms nearly a century after its discovery, this combined with basal forms like Malawisaurus and a number of closely related titanosaurs also bearing osteoderms it's possible that Ophistocoelicaudia had them as well. [17]
Discovery and specimens[edit]
The type specimen (ZPAL MgD-Ij48) was discovered between the 10th and 23 June 1965, during a joint Polish-Mongolian paleontological expedition led by Polish paleontologist Zofia Kielan-Jaworowska.[18][19] The largest of a series of expeditions carried out in 1963–1971, this expedition involved 21 members, which at times were supported by additional hired Mongolian workers. The site of discovery is located in Ömnögovi Province in southern Mongolia in the Altan Uul area, which exposes some 100 km² of badlands. The sediments exposed at Altan Uul belong to the Nemegt Formation, the youngest of the three geological formations of the Nemegt Basin. Opisthocoelicaudia was the first of several important dinosaur discoveries made by the 1965 expedition. The other finds, made at different localities, include several skeletons of the tyrannosaurid Tarbosaurus as well as the type specimens of the giant ornithomimosaur Deinocheirus, the sauropod Nemegtosaurus, and the pachycephalosaur Homalocephale.[19]
On the fifth day of fieldwork, Ryszard Gradzinski, the geologist of the expedition, found a concretion of well-preserved bones which promised to belong to a fairly complete skeleton. Excavation started on the next day, revealing a nearly complete skeleton lacking only the head and neck. Until today, this specimen remains by far the most complete find of this dinosaur. The transport of the specimen out of rough terrain caused major technical problems. Stone blocks containing the fossils had to be moved some 580 m on improvised metal sledges made out of petrol drums before they could be loaded onto trucks. Because the skeleton was embedded in very hard sandstone layers, several blocks weighed over a ton. On the 9th of July, the packing of the skeleton into 35 crates started for transportation to Dalanzadgad; together, the crates weighed about 12 tons.[18][19]
The type specimen belonged to an aged individual.[6] Its taphonomy is unusual as it was found lying on its back – in contrast, most other nearly complete dinosaur skeletons of the Nemegt Formation usually are found lying on their sides.[20] The specimen was found encased in cross-bedded sandstone deposited by a river. Most of the discovered vertebrae were still connected together, forming a continuous series that consisted of 8 dorsal, 6 sacral and 34 caudal vertebrae. An additional 3 vertebrae were found isolated from the series and may belong to the transitional area between back and neck. The remaining parts of the skeleton were shifted slightly out of their original anatomical position. Both the left limb and rib bones were found on the right side of the body, while conversely the right limb and rib bones were found on the left side. Bite marks have been identified on the skeleton, particularly in the pelvis and the thigh bone, showing that predators had fed on the carcass. The skull and neck are missing, indicating that the carnivores might have carried away these body parts.[6] The completeness of the remains indicate that the individual had died near the discovery site.[20] A flooding event might have transported the carcass a short distance and subsequently covered it with sediment, even before the soft tissue had decayed entirely.[6]
In 1977, Polish paleontologist Maria Magdalena Borsuk-Białynicka published her comprehensive description of the skeleton and named Opisthocoelicaudia skarzynskii as a new genus and species. The genus name, hinting at the unusual opisthocoel condition of the tail vertebrae, means "posterior cavity tail". It is derived from the Greek οπισθή, opisthe [back], κοιλος, koilos [hollow], and Latin cauda [tail]. The specific name honors Wojciech Skarżyński, the person who prepared the type specimen.[6] Opisthocoelicaudia was only the third sauropod from Asia known from a postcranial skeleton, after Euhelopus and Mamenchisaurus.[6] Today, the skeleton is part of the collection of the Institute of Geology of the Mongolian Academy of Sciences in Ulaanbaatar.[21]
Besides the type specimen, Borsuk-Białynicka described a shoulder blade and coracoid (ZPAL MgD-I/25c) from the same locality. These bones were not yet fused to each other, indicating a juvenile individual.[6] Philip Currie and colleagues in 2003 mentioned a fragmentary tail (MPD 100/406) from the Nemegt locality that can be attributed to Opisthocoelicaudia.[22]
Age and paleoenvironment[edit]
The Nemegt Formation was deposited within the Late Cretaceous, although its exact age is unknown as it has never been dated radiometrically. According to different authors, the formation is late Campanian to early Maastrichtian, early Maastrichtian, or middle Maastrichtian in age.[23] The sediments of the Nemegt Formation were deposited in a plain crossed by rivers.[20] The climate was warm and subhumid with seasonal droughts,[23] and the soils were relatively dry.[24] Nevertheless, the Nemegt Formation was more humid than the underlying (and thus older) Barun Goyot and Djadochta Formations, which show a semiarid climate.[23]
The fauna of the Nemegt Formation includes aquatic or amphibious animals such as fish, turtles, and crocodiles as well as birds and the abundant medium to large sized dinosaurs, while smaller terrestrial vertebrates like lizards and mammals are rare.[23] Theropod dinosaurs are very diverse in the Nemegt and include the abundant tyrannosaur Tarbosaurus,[23] which might have preyed upon Opisthocoelicaudia.[25] The only other known sauropod is Nemegtosaurus, which is known from a single skull. Ornithischians are represented by the "duck-billed" hadrosaurids (including the very common Saurolophus), the thick-skulled pachycephalosaurs, and the heavely armored ankylosaurs. Neoceratopsians are absent, despite being present in the older Barun Goyot and Djadochta formations.[23] Other important dinosaur finds from the same locality as Opisthocoelicaudia include the troodontid Borogovia[26] and the ankylosaur Tarchia.[27]
Originally, Opisthocoelicaudia was classified as a member of the family Camarasauridae, together with Camarasaurus and Euhelopus. This classification was based on several shared features of the skeleton, most importantly the forked neural spines of the back vertebrae. In 1977, Borsuk-Białynicka considered Opisthocoelicaudia closer to Euhelopus than to Camarasaurus, placing it in the subfamily Euhelopodinae.[6] A 1981 study by Walter Coombs and Ralph Molnar, on the other hand, considered it a member of the subfamily Camarasaurinae and therefore a close relative of Camarasaurus.[28] Today, both Euhelopus and Opisthocoelicaudia are classified outside the Camarasauridae. In 1993, Leonardo Salgado and Rodolfo Coria showed Opisthocoelicaudia to represent a titanosaur and classified it within the family Titanosauridae.[9] The name Titanosauridae is currently considered invalid by many scientists;[29] instead, the name Lithostrotia is often used as an equivalent.[8][30]
Within the Lithostrotia, Opisthocoelicaudia has been found to be closely related to the genera Alamosaurus, Neuquensaurus, Rocasaurus and Saltasaurus, together forming the family Saltasauridae. Interrelationships of these genera are contested. Many scientists considered Opisthocoelicaudia to be most closely related to Alamosaurus, with both genera forming a monophyletic group, the Opisthocoelicaudiinae. Other scientists came to the conclusion that the Opisthocoelicaudiinae is paraphyletic (not forming a natural group).[31] Contradicting most other studies, Upchurch and colleagues in 2004 argued that Alamosaurus has to be placed outside the Saltasauridae as a close relative of Pellegrinisaurus, and therefore is not related to Opisthocoelicaudia at al.[8]
The following cladogram is based on Calvo and colleagues (2007), showing a monophyletic Opisthocoelicaudiinae:[32]
Relationship to Nemegtosaurus[edit]
Another sauropod of the Nemegt-Formation, Nemegtosaurus, is known only from a skull. Opisthocoelicaudia, on the other hand, lacks both the skull and neck, precluding a direct comparison and leading to suspicions that it may represent a synonym of Nemegtosaurus. According to the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN), the oldest name has priority over younger synonyms – if Opisthocoelicaudia would be shown to be a synonym of Nemegtosaurus, the name Nemegtosaurus would remain valid while Opisthocoelicaudia would become invalid.[22]
Both Opisthocoelicaudia and Nemegtosaurus where discovered during the 1965 joint Polish-Mongolian expedition. Before the remains were prepared and described, the expedition crew believed both finds to belong to the same species of sauropod.[19] In 1977, Borsuk-Białynicka deemed Opisthocoelicaudia and Nemegtosaurus to represent separate genera because Nemegtosaurus was at this time considered to be a member of the Dicraeosauridae, while Opisthocoelicaudia seemed to be a representative of a different group, the Camarasauridae. Furthermore, she argued that different sauropod genera sharing the same habitat is nothing unusual; this is most obvious in the North American Morrison Formation, which contains more than five contemporary sauropod species.[6]
Currently, both Opisthocoelicaudia and Nemegtosaurus are classified within the Titanosauria, and Jeffrey Wilson stated in 2005 that synonymy cannot be ruled out.[33] In a 2003 study, Currie and colleagues argued that a synonymy is very probable and reported a fragmentary tail referable to Opisthocoelicaudia that was discovered in the same locality where the Nemegtosaurus skull was found.[22] Nevertheless, Kielan-Jaworowska stated in 2013 that the question of a possible synonymy may not be resolved until a skull is found in association with postcranial remains.[19]
Originally, Borsuk-Białynicka assumed that in standard position the neck was horizontal or slanted slightly downward. This was based on the reconstruction of the nuchal ligament, which runs atop of the cervical and dorsal vertebrae and serves to support the weight of the head and neck.[6] Although an S-curved, swan-like ascending neck was envisaged in several subsequent reconstructions following similar depictions of better known sauropods, recent studies argue that sauropod necks were relatively straight and were carried more horizontally.[35]
The back was also reconstructed in a more or less horizontal orientation by Borsuk-Białynicka,[6] which was followed by most subsequent depictions. In a 2007 study, Daniela Schwarz and colleagues suggested that the back dipped towards the rear. According to these researchers, the shoulder blade would have been inclined at a horizontal angle of 55–65°, much steeper than previously thought, resulting in an elevated shoulder region.[34] With the vertebral column of the trunk and neck held in a relatively straight line, this would result in an elevated position of the head.[35]
Rearing stance[edit]
Opisthocoelicaudia may have been able to rear up on its hindlimbs for foraging, using its tail as a third leg. In 1977, Borsuk-Białynicka cited several skeletal features that might have been related to rearing, including the opisthocoelous vertebrae of the anterior part of the tail, which, according to this author, would have made the tail more flexible than in other sauropods. Features of the pelvis, such as the thickened shelf of the acetabulum, the flaring ilia, and the fused pubic symphysis, may have allowed the pelvis to withstand the stress of rearing.[6]
Heinrich Mallison in 2011 argued that Opisthocoelicaudia was able to angle the anterior part of the tail against the posterior part, producing a buckle in midsection. Thus, the anterior part would have been more straight during rearing than in other sauropods.[36] In 2005, Wilson assumed that rearing was an innovation not only of Opisthocoelicaudia but also of related genera within the subfamily Saltasaurinae. Common features of these genera, such as the shortened tail, may have evolved as adaptations to rearing.[31]
Footprints from the Nemegt Formation were unknown until 2003, when Currie and colleagues described several examples from the Nemegt locality. Most of these footprints belonged to hadrosaurids (probably Saurolophus), while two have been left by a large theropod (probably Tarbosaurus) and yet another two by the hindfoot of a sauropod. The sauropod tracks were assigned to Opisthocoelicaudia, which showed a matching hind foot morphology. The researchers argued that Opisthocoelicaudia was probably the only known sauropod from the Nemegt Formation when Nemegtosaurus is regarded a synonym, making it unlikely that the tracks were left by another, similar titanosaur. The tracks were left in the soft and wet mud of shallow or freshly dried up points along a river and subsequently filled up with sand. Today only the sand infill remains, with the encasing mudstone having been eroded away.[22]
The best-preserved footprint measures 63 cm (25 in) across, so it was probably created by an individual larger than the type specimen. Although the surface of the underside is hard to obtain, the vertical surfaces are very well preserved, making this track one of the best preserved sauropod tracks known. Four digital impressions can be distinguished, with two or three showing claw impressions. The toes were almost perpendicular. Even a skin impression has been preserved above the impression of the first toe, which shows the non-overlapping scales, each with an average diameter of 14 mm (0.55 in). The foot of the track creator was probably a little longer than wide. The second track is much shallower than the first, but shows well-preserved digit impressions with a high degree of detail, including at least two deep claw impressions that are rotated outwards, and a well-preserved impression of a fleshy toe pad behind the middle claw.[22]
- ^ a b Paul, G.S. (1997). "Reproductive Behavior and Rates". In Currie, P.J.; Padian, K. Encyclopedia of Dinosaurs. Academic Press. pp. 630–637. ISBN 978-0-12-226810-6.
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- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r Borsuk-Białynicka, M.M. (1977). "A new camarasaurid sauropod Opisthocoelicaudia skarzynskii gen. n., sp. n. from the Upper Cretaceous of Mongolia" (PDF). Palaeontologia Polonica. 37 (5): 5–64.
- ^ Apesteguía, S. (2005). "Evolution of the Hyposphene-Hypantrum Complex within Sauropoda". In Tidwell, V.; Carpenter, K. Thunder-Lizards: The Sauropodomorph Dinosaurs. Indiana University Press. ISBN 978-0-253-34542-4.
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- ^ Taylor, M.P.; Wedel; M.J. (2013). "Why sauropods had long necks; and why giraffes have short necks". PeerJ. 1: e36. doi:10.7717/peerj.36. ISSN 2167-8359. PMC 3628838. PMID 23638372.
- ^ a b Carrano, M.T. (2005). "The Evolution of Sauropod Locomotion: Morphological Diversity of a Secondarily Quadrupedal Radiation". In Rogers, K.C.; Wilson, J.A. The Sauropods: Evolution and Paleobiology. University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-24623-2.
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- ^ Coombs, W.P.; Molnar, R.E. (1981). "Sauropoda (Reptilia, Saurischia) from the Cretaceous of Queensland". Memoirs of the Queensland Museum. 20 (2): 351–373.
- ^ Wilson, J.A.; Upchurch, P. (2003). "A Revision of Titanosaurus Lydekker (Dinosauria - Sauropoda), the first dinosaur genus with a 'Gondwanan' distribution". Journal of Systematic Palaeontology. 1 (3): 125–160. doi:10.1017/s1477201903001044.
- ^ D'emic, M.D. (2012). "The early evolution of titanosauriform sauropod dinosaurs". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 166 (3): 624–671. doi:10.1111/j.1096-3642.2012.00853.x.
- ^ a b Wilson, J. (2005). "Overview of Sauropod Phylogeny and Evolution". In Rogers, K.C.; Wilson, J.A. The Sauropods: Evolution and Paleobiology. University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-24623-2.
- ^ Calvo, J.O., Porfiri, J.D., González-Riga, B.J., Kellner, A.W. (2007). "A new Cretaceous terrestrial ecosystem from Gondwana with the description of a new sauropod dinosaur". Anais Academia Brasileira Ciencia. 79 (3): 529–541. doi:10.1590/S0001-37652007000300013. PMID 17768539.
- ^ Wilson, J.A. (2005). "Redescription of the Mongolian sauropod Nemegtosaurus mongoliensis Nowinski (Dinosauria: Saurischia) and comments on Late Cretaceous sauropod diversity". Journal of Systematic Palaeontology. 3 (3): 283–318. doi:10.1017/S1477201905001628.
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Talk about the goal you scored in the NHL?
"I was playing for the Los Angeles Kings and it was against Nashville. It was kind of a fluky goal, but a goal is a goal and you can never complain about putting the puck in the net. I was driving to the net and Ziggy (Zigmund Palffy) just kind of threw it on net and I just kind of knocked it in. It wasn't a highlight goal by any means, but definitely a high point in my life and career."
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"It's mounted at home with the score sheet up on the wall."
Being a tough guy, did you get a hard time about scoring a goal from your teammates?
"They were pretty excited for me because it doesn't happen too often, but they let me hear about it. To be honest, I get more excited about fighting than I do about scoring goals."
Who's the toughest guy in the NHL?
"Georges Laraque. He's definitely the strongest guy in the NHL. He's at the top of the food chain. I fought him once and didn't do so great, so I'd like to fight him again."
Most memorable fight?
"It was against Philadelphia when I was playing with the Kings. I think it was my second season. I ended up fighting (Todd) Fedoruk in that game. Then I fought (Chris) McAllister. It was a man's game that night. A good, hard game. Both fights were really good fights. Fedoruk and I went at it pretty hard, and after that me and McAllister squared up and went at it pretty hard. I ended up getting the best of both of them that night."
Do you have to have a certain mentality to do what you do?
"No question. Definitely. It's mentally draining. You've got to be mentally strong and hard-willed to be able to do what any fighter does. I think you have to somewhat enjoy it. For me, it's something I grew up with and it has always been a part of the game."
The NHL is talking about taking fighting out of the game. I would assume you'd be against that?
"Taking it out of the game is not what they should be doing. It's always been a part of the game and it keeps players honest. Guys don't take liberties when guys like me are out there on the ice. You know when there's a fighter on the other team and you take a liberty on one of his teammates you know he's going to be coming after you."
Is it true most tough guys on the ice are actually some of the nicer guys off the ice?
"Absolutely. I get along with just about everyone. I like to have a good time. I try to keep things light in the dressing room. Make everyone laugh and relax."
So how do you separate the two sides of your personalities?
"I take out all my aggression out on the ice and that's why I'm such a good guy off the ice (laughing). Seriously, I'm a pretty easy going guy off the ice."
When you're playing in the ECHL, do you change your style of play?
"Not really. I still try to be a physical force out there and create space and open things up for my linemates. I had a great three days down here, I got a ton of ice time and kept my game sharp, and when Hershey needs me again I'll be ready to play. I didn't view coming down here as a negative at all. I love to play the game. I asked to come down here. I'd much rather come down here, get tons of ice time, and work on my game. To me it was a no-brainer. I think there are a lot of other guys up in the AHL that would benefit from coming down here, getting a lot of ice time and working on their games."
What's the biggest difference between the NHL and the ECHL?
"The speed of the game and skill of the players. I find it easier to play in the NHL than the AHL or down here. Guys are so more skilled in the NHL. Everyone knows where to be and there isn't a lot of running around. It's a little more organized up there, but every level has its pluses and minuses. I definitely have more room down here to skate and I have more time with the puck."
Who was the NHL guy that you followed growing up?
"I loved Wendel Clark. I was a (Toronto) Maple Leafs fans. He was a man. He played the game the right way. He was a tough guy."
Were you always the tough guy or have you been the skill guy at any level?
"I was always the biggest kid on the ice, so I was able to score as a kid, but that was because I was bigger than everyone else."
Do you think you'll make it back to the NHL?
"Obviously, that's my goal. I'm not happy where I am unless I'm playing at the highest level. I'm always working to get back to the NHL. I know what I have to do to get back to the NHL and I think I'm working toward that goal. Hopefully, next year I'll sign with Washington and take over for (Donald) Brashear. Hopefully, I'll have a good camp and can make the team."
Do you remember your first NHL game?
"Of course. We were playing against the (New York) Islanders and New York (Rangers), so I got to fly my family in. We played them in back-to-back games. To play your first game at Madison Square Garden was a thrill of a lifetime. It's one of the most historic places to play. I fought Steve McKenna my first game and did OK. That's something I'll always remember."


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Seneca Niagara Casino & Hotel
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TravelPod Member ReviewsSeneca Niagara Casino & Hotel Niagara Falls
Mooi groot hotel! We stonden even in de rij maar de receptionist was heel vriendelijk en behulpzaam. Kamer was ruim met lekkere bedden en een mooi uitzicht. Je zit 10 minuten lopen bij de Falls vandaan en onderweg kom je langs diverse restaurants zoals de TGI, Rain Forest Café en Hardrock Café. Ook in het gotel zitten er restaurants en winkeltjes.
In andere reviews had ik gelezen over rooklucht in kamers maar wij vonden het erg schoon en fris en het rook er niet naar sigaretten!
This review is the subjective opinion of a TravelPod member and not of TravelPod.com.
Historical Traveler Reviews Seneca Niagara Casino & Hotel Niagara Falls
NIce hotel But.........
My wife and I have stayed at the new hotel Numerous times since it's opening.
We have been lucky enough to have a suite every now and then (they have bathtubs with bubbles!!!).
The hotel itself is very beautiful and until it gets run-down (like the surronding community) it is definitelty worth the stay.
We have had good experiences with the front line staff, and sometimes wonder how the heck some of these people get hired.
Needless to say, the casino itself has got to big for itself and the payouts are HORRIBLE!!!
I have been to Vegas many times and although it might look a little like a Vegas Casino, it certainly doesn't pay like one.
They definitelty need more competition for better payouts.
The "free drinks" they offer aren't as good as they used to be, sure they're free but I have never met some waitresses that are so rude to stand and wait for a tip before they hand you a drink. God forbid you don't tip like one guy didn't next to me and you will her a nice comment like "thank you very much sir"
Anyway, the hotel is nice, the casino is OK, and the food at the new restaurants are very good, if you don't have to experience the horrific system they have for reservations. They don't know how to accomodate busy times, nor does it seem they care.
I would advise staying here as beds are great (bed bug free last time I checked) and the TV's are great (once you've lost everything you brought).
Just remember one thing, no matter how great a deal you got on the room, it never seems to be that great of a deal in the end.
Finally, if you can get over losses, and still be talking to the wife, you'll have a great time and never know what time it is. I guess that and the fact people have asked me for money inside the casino is a similarity to Vegas all in itself.
Best hotel on American side.
Stayed at the hotel, and was quite impressed. You have the choice of valet parking or parking in the free parking ramp. Everyone seemed quite friendly at check-in. You flash your room card to the security guard at the elevators which take you up to the rooms. The theme of the rooms are Indian and nature, lots of very creative touches combining the both. We got the regular room which included two queen size beds, a walk in shower, two hair dryers, a nice magnifying mirror, iron and ironing board, safe, flat screen tv with cable and option for nintendo, coffee pot(with option of tea, hot chocolate, and coffee), and internet access. Over all the room was roomy and comfortable. The only thing I was hoping for was a better view of Niagara Falls both 5th and 10th floor facing the falls did not have a view. I would suggest the Thunder Falls Buffet for a nice meal located inside the hotel. It has a good selection, and if you get there before 11 a.m. you can get in for breakfast price and stay for brunch. After 11 a.m. the prices are really high. Hotel also offers a few gift shops with a decent variety. Don't forget to sign up for a Players Advantage cards it'll save you money, and you carn earn points that you can use at the gift shops, restraunts, and future hotel stay.
Fun trip
I have been going to the Seneca Niagara Casino at least once a year for the past two years via a one day bus trip. So I was excited last year when they were constructing the hotel adjacent to the casino. We decided to spend my husband's birthday with a two night stay at the casino/hotel. Cost with tax was 70.00 per night (Sunday/Monday). Not bad for a new hotel. The rooms are spacious and the bathroom is wonderful with plenty of towels, amenities, etc. We were on the 18th floor with a decent view of the falls and looking at the Canadian side.
I highly recommend this hotel especially if you like to gamble since all you have to do is go down the elevator and walk a few feet into the casino. The other nice thing, and it has been mentioned here before, is that you have to show your room key to get on the elevator to the rooms which I felt made it more secure. Hotel staff were very accommodating and helpful. We are looking forward to going back again in the near future.
Leave the Kiddies at Home ... Pleeeeeeeeze!
Well, I've read all of the previous reviews, and can concur they are all correct. My husband and I are Vegas people...and we live just across the border in Canada. While we have 2 great and busy casinos Canada side, this American casino does have that "vegas feel" as reported by others before me. Can't explain it, maybe its the complimentary cocktails whilst gambling (no such luck in Canada). I have yet to try many of the newest dining venues, nor the heavily promoted "Rush" nightclub, but, my 200 bucks do last a long time, and I've been lucky once in a while. I don't see the BIG payouts that the Candian casinos offer, but lots of median payouts to keep one satisfied for a night of fun. We stayed at the hotel two weeks ago, very upscale, nice (but fuzzyt.v.), no suite available yet, the pool will open end of March 1st of April. It's booked for that day. We are going again Saturday since it's cheap!!! and my points will cover the cost. I like this place, and they do have excellent entertainment....
Brenda Canada
Better than Vegas
We have been going to Seneca Niagara Casino since it has opened. March 3rd was our first trip there since the Hotel and renovations have been completed so we figured we'd spend the night. We were absolutely shocked at how nice our hotel room was. Feather Down comforters, High Definition Flat Screen TV's which included HBO. Plenty of room to feel more than comfortable and the bathrooms were very spacious and CLEAN..... The room we had was much better than the one I stayed at in Las Vegas at the Riviera. Another nice feature is you must show your room key to be able to go up into your hotel room. Once we pulled ourselves away from our hotel room, we headed down to the Casino, which they had expanded with more table games and slot machines. We didn't come away big winners but we definitely got a lot of play throughout the evening and the next morning which is what we at least hope for when we go to a Casino. The only mistake we made was not staying for two nights. We definitely plan to go back and spend the majority of our time playing on the American side. This trip has changed our mind on whether we will cross the border to gamble anymore in the future. You have to see the rooms, they are fantastic! Plan to stay at Seneca Niagara Casino and Hotel, you won't regret it.
You think you are in Vegas, but you have work Monday Morning!
Me, my husband, and a few other friends stayed at the Seneca Niagara Casino & Hotel in January and February and will stay again the next two weeks. If you put this hotel on the Las Vegas Strip, it would fit right in. It is not Bellagio, Caesars, Venetian or Wynn, but it is competitive enough to stand up against most of the rest. The main difference between Las Vegas and Seneca Niagara (besides size) is on the outside. Las Vegas is full of non stop action, parties, celebrities, limos, Elvis extravaganzas, weddings and the most incredible shows on earth. Outside of your hotel in Vegas is a whole big world, unbelievable landscaping and enough entertainment to last you a lifetime. Seneca Niagara is just one event. You will not be overwhelmed by "How am I going to fit in all this in just a few days". Unlike Vegas, there are only 6 main places to eat and none of them are AAA five diamond restaurants run by world renowned chefs. There is an incredible steakhouse - Western Door. This is a high end steak house located on the second level. La Cascata, an Italian restaurant, is very good. If you want a decent meal and do not want to go broke, try Three Sisters which is open 24 hours a day or the Thunder Falls buffet which has a great selection. The casino is very large (not Vegas large), but a very good size. Every game you can imagine is available and there is always a buy-in poker tournament going on. There are two venues for concerts. The Bear's Den, which is an intimate theater and the main Hotel Events center, seating 2,000. Seneca's night club is Hush and there are many small bars scattered all over with Club 101 in the center of the Casino hosting live entertainment every night. The rooms are excellent. Ask for an even number, high floor, facing the falls. The view of the falls and Canada are awesome. The shower is the best! And the vanity area with the 5 setting mirror is a great touch. All rooms have a 32 inch flat screen TV. The fitness center, spa and pool (which will not be open until April 1st), take up the whole 3rd floor and I hear they are top of the line. They also have some retail shops if interested and if you have nothing better to do with your money, you can go to the Sky Boutique and buy one shot glass for $100.00!!! The best thing about this Hotel & Casino is that you feel like you are on vacation even when you are not. It almost feels like being in Las Vegas, but without the overwhelming experience of trying to fit in a decent agenda in very little time. On a scale from 1-10, this Hotel is a 10 for the area. Nothing in the Buffalo area compares to it. As long as you don't step outside, you might be convinced you are somewhere on the Vegas strip. I highly recommend this experience.
Terrific Place
My wife and I stayed for Superbowl weekend. The hotel is new, but not complete yet. The pool and spa are not open, yet and none of the suites are, either.
The lobby is beautiful. The casino is large. All the staff were very pleasant, but since the hotel is still new, so were the staff and some of them seemed unsure when answering questions.
We liked the Thunder Bay buffet for lunch and dinner. It was not open for breakfast.
The rooms were good size and plenty of closet space. There was a vanity so my wife and I could actually get ready at the same time. The room had a flat screen HD television.
The hotel is a short distance from the Rainbow Bridge into Canada. You could actually walk to the Canadian side in about 15 minutes.
All in all, we had a very good stay and think that this hotel, when totally complete will be a gem.
Like being in Vegas!
My sister and I just spent a girls-getaway weekend at the Seneca Niagara Hotel and Casino in Niagara Falls, NY. I would highly reccomend it to anyone who wants to escape from the real world! Impressive from the time we valet parked our car (included in your stay!) and walked into the beautiful and huge Hotel lobby!! The room we stayed in had 2 double beds with pillow top mattresses-- extremely comfortable! Seems like they thought of everything-- large bathroom, even a vanity counter with a stool and high-end makeup mirror and nice blowdryer. The widescreen-flat panel Philips TV was a nice touch -- great to watch the Pay per View movie on that we needed to escape the casino for a bit! It's new, so everything was in perfect working order. I was impressed with how nice everyone was everywhere in the hotel and Casino. The Pool and Spa aren't open yet, scheduled for March. I want to check those out next time. I WOULD NOT reccomend this hotel for families. There is just nothing for kids to do, it is purely a gambling destination. There is really nothing to see in the immediate area, you would have to go to Canada for the entertainment for kids. We paid $90 per night with our players card, and by the second evening had enouigh comps to pay for a fabulous italian meal at LaCascata.Free drinks (including mixed drinks and beer) on the floor were good too. This was a great weekend escape -- Can't wait to go back!
Good, but not great
My wife and I stayed here on a Saturday night. We have been to niagara falls many times and always stay on the canadian side as the american side leaves a little to be desired. However, we have a players card for seneca and this card gives you a discount (if they have availability) on your room. Normal room price was $175 but we booked the room for $80. (Weekdays are 125 with no card and 60 if you have the card. If you havn't been there, don't worry about finding the place. It's the biggest building on the american side and right in the middle of town. There are not many signs up yet for the hotel entrance. The lobby is nice but check-in area is pretty small. All of the new restaurants are right by the elevator. We ate at the three sisters cafe and it was fine. They have an italian place as well as a deli and asian place too but that was no opening til the 19th. When we checked in, the room was great but the view stunk. It was looking away from the canadian side so my wife called an asked for a room on the other side of the hall. They moved us quickly. Rooms are pretty big with plasma tv's, huge showers (no tubs) and super soft beds. You have to show your room key to the security guard at elevator. Before we went down to gamble, i noticed something on the floor in the bathroom. I called house keeping and they came up and cleaned it. The casino is pretty good size. We prefer the fallsview casino simply because it has more "class" for lack of a better word but Seneca's casino is nice. The buffet is the BEST. They have so many items to choose from. We play poker so we don't get any comps. The Three Sisters cafe is reasonable. The italian restaurant had most meals at $15-20. Now the big problem. The walls are thin. We went to sleep with no trouble around 3:00am. WE were awoken around 8:00am to sounds of a LOUD television nextdoor. I tried to ignore it and eventually the noise went away. At 9:00am we heard it again and yet again at 10:00. At 10:00am I called the front desk who said they would call the room. The noise did not stop. We got no sleep and my wife was fuming when we went to check out. The manager (William) was very nice and said we had a legitimate complaint because when he called the room he could hear the tv loud and clear. He apologized and said next time we stayed here they would take care of the room for us. He gave us his card and said to contact him before we came up next time. The hotel has not been open long, only a few weeks. They only had the first 10 floors open. the spa, pool, etc don't open until end of March so if you want to see it when everything is done wait til then. We plan on returning when all aspects of the hotel are complete.
Great Hotel!
I stayed at the hotel and the rooms are gorgeous! The service was excellent and the staff very courteous! I would recommend this as a wonderful casino and hotel experience! It's right next to the Falls, too!
TripAdvisor Reviews Seneca Niagara Casino & Hotel Niagara Falls
Travel Blogs from Niagara Falls
Another Amazing Day
... It was a brief and violent encounter, a geological moment lasting only weeks, maybe even only days. In this moment the Falls of the youthful Niagara River intersected an old riverbed, one that had been buried and sealed during the last Ice Age. The Falls turned into this buried gorge, tore out the glacial debris that filled it, and scoured the old river bottom clean. It was probably not a falls at all now but a huge, churning rapids. When it ...
Day 25 - Niagara Falls
... at Buffalo, we learn that on land borders (not via air) kids don't need a valid passport - so, no problem at all. Puhhhh, glad we don't had to leave Fiona in Canada!
Back to the US, we drive alongside Lake Erie, actually re-entering Pennsylvania for a few miles, before getting into Ohio.
Niagara Falls
... of a botanical site that had a flower that was scheduled to open this weekend, and went to investigate. My research failed me, I was at the garden on the north end of town, and the flower was actually a block south of table rock. I was a bit disappointed. The botanical gardens were beautiful, but time had run out for me to make it south. The season in Canada does not start till school is out. The hours to attractions are shorter until that time, July 1. I ventured further north to ...
Niagara and Toronto
... wished us well with the last part of our trip - a nice way to challenge our stereotypes before our final trip into the U.S. Our highlights of our stay in Ontario include Niagara Falls, seeing family, and seeing an awesome professional league ice hockey match. We are very grateful for the warm welcome and hospitality, and had a lovely final two weeks in Canada before moving on to NYC. Current location: Toronto, ON Next destination: New York, New ...
The completion of the great journey
... gt;
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Parti Quebecois Leader Pauline Marois is defending her party's decision to be silent about a meeting two of its senior officials had with provincial anti-corruption officials.
Marois says the UPAC anti-corruption unit asked the party to not talk about February's meeting.
The PQ leader said today the meeting was an informal one and that nothing was seized.
Details of the meeting came out on Tuesday evening, forcing the PQ to issue a statement.
Marois has been attacking the Liberals for several days on integrity issues ahead of the April 7 election.
She says it's unfair to compare the February meeting with the raids on Liberal offices.
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Since the Houston Rockets started out the season a dismal 0-5, they have put themselves back into the playoff hunt with a 15-16 record. Their last loss was only by five points to a red-hot Miami Heat team.
Houston has certainly made quite a turnaround; it might be compared to the 2005 Houston Astros team, who went 15 games under .500 but fought back and made it to the World Series, but of course the Rockets would have to make it to the Finals for it to be comparable.
But how did the Rockets recover from such a dismal start?


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The Best Off-Campus Housing ranking provides a comprehensive assessment of the off-campus apartments and houses near traditional four-year colleges and universities in the United States. It uses data sourced from various government and public data sets, Niche's own proprietary data, and 674,279 opinion-based survey responses about off-campus housing from 83,825 current students and recent alumni.
A high ranking in Off-Campus Housing generally indicates that:
At the time of calculation, our database contained records for 2,245 public and private, traditional four-year colleges and universities across the United States. For the purposes of this ranking, a "traditional" college is considered to be any accredited, non-profit post-secondary institution that primarily offers four-year degree programs (as opposed to two-year or less). Some colleges were not included in this ranking if: (1) they were not located in one of the 50 U.S. states, Puerto Rico, or the District of Columbia; (2) they had fewer than 100 full-time undergraduate students; or (3) they had insufficient data (see below). The final ranking results in 1,254 colleges receiving a grade, with 1,144 of those also receiving a numerical ranking.
Student opinions about the quality of the off-campus housing near the college they currently or recently attend(ed). Includes 674,279 reviews and opinions from 83,825 unique students. Minimum 20 unique students required at each college.
Median rent of city/town where college is located.
The process used to compute this ranking was as follows:
While our ranking shows the Top 100 colleges, we use grades to provide the user some context to those rankings and also to provide insight into colleges that did not make the Top 100. It's important to focus on more than just the number in the ranking. Given the high number of colleges included in this ranking, there may not be a large gap between the 15th and 30th ranked colleges. In reality, both are exceptional colleges when compared to the total population of all colleges nationwide. Grades are assigned based on how each college performs compared to all other colleges included in the ranking by using the following distribution of grades and z-scores:
Note that we intentionally did not assign a grade below D- to any colleges.
Of the 2,245 colleges analyzed, 1,254 received a grade, with 1,144 of those also receiving a numerical ranking. The top ranked college was Brigham Young University - Idaho, which received positive reviews from students and also offers reasonable rent prices in the local area.
It's important to note that Southern Virginia University received an A+ grade but was excluded from the numerical ranking due to an undergraduate enrollment below the minimum 1,000 students.
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Exciting Tommy Lee Custody Update!
Another day, another Tommy Lee custody update. For those of you keeping score at home, the former Mötley Crüe drummer is now free, per a court hearing today. On Friday, a judge in Malibu, Calif., ordered the rocker to the pokey for five days for parole violations. Today's reprieve meant he got sprung several hours ahead of schedule.
Lee, 37, is now due back in court Sept. 5 where he'll be told not to do bad again. He is best known for being married to Pamela Anderson … blah, blah, blah, etc.


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You know, I have two traits that seem to be complete opposites: I am somewhat critical and I enjoy geeky culture. One of the things about geek culture is that you have to suspend your disbelief, and being so critical will make that a bit hard. Now, I enjoy comics, and for the most part can enjoy them for what they are. As wierd as it is as, I don't mind that people can fly without getting bugs in the face every panel, or that even though he was around in the 30's, somehow Robin is younger than I am. But there are some things that, hard as I try I can not for the life of me get over. Here is just a short list of some of the things I have never understood from some of the bigger names in comics today. Like I said, you have to have a little faith when you read books about people that can reverse time with running, but these are things that even by comic standards, make no sense. As with most things, try not to take it to seriously , and anyone willing to offer an explanation I am all for it. So let's get to it.
How the hell does the Joker know how to make Smile Alchemy?
The Joker has been around since the first issue of Batman, and outside of a goofy period in the 60's has been fairly consistent: he murders people and he laughs a lot. It has been stated quite a few times that he is far from stupid, but there is a huge difference between being bright and knowing advance bio chemistry. When the hell did he learn to make a poison so strong it makes you laugh to death while contorting your smile to Julia Roberts proportions? When does he fit that in his day? Does he have like a flow chart or something?
I mean, Batman is a scientist, so if he made something that could make bad guys spread their arms and scream "I AM THE NIGHT!!" I could live with that. It would be stupid, to be sure, but at least he has a background in science. The Joker must have learned it from, like, wikipedia or something.
How the hell does the Hulk keep his pants on?
I have heard that the reason Banner's pants turn purple after he gets all green roid ragey is due to radiation. Ok, I'll bite. But how do they stay on? Bruce Banner is at best between 5'7 and 5'10 and can't have more than, at most, a size 34 waist. And I am being generous with that.The Hulk is freaking huge, so why is that while the pant legs bust like over nuked hot dogs in a microwave, the waist stays put? How, just how does that happen? What kind of belt does he use? Is it made out of Wolverine bones or some shit? Just for kicks, I asked a girl for a pair of pants she doesn't wear anymore. She is a women's size 2 and I wear a men's size 38. I was going to take a picture of how it looked, but after my balls stopped hiding deep in my lungs I just cried and called bullshit even harder on the ol Jade Giant.
Just how the hell does not being scared make you more creative than anyone else?
This is Hal Jordan, aka The Man, aka Hal Jordan. Green Lanterns are given a ring that makes wizard math happen with just thought power. People are chosen to enter the Lantern Corps based on a number of criteria, but one of the big one is creativity. So how is this a problem? Because Hal Jordan is touted as a man who knows no fear, and because of that he is one of the greatest Lanterns ever. How does that make sense? Kyle Rayner was an actual artist, so it makes sense that his natural abilities would allow him to use a thought shooting ring with a certain degree of proficiency. John Stewart was a soldier, and while it made for a boring Lantern, it still worked because of his regimental background. Now, while Hal was in the Air Force, that is not what they said made him a great lantern, it was his not being scared power. So what? How does that work? I am not scared and therefor I can create anything with my mind? Look, there are many times when a talented person may not perform at a concert because he is scared to get on stage, but that is not the same thing. He already has the skill, and if he can muster the nerve to get on stage, not being afraid wont make him a better artist, just one that is able to perform. But no, Hal is creative in the comics BECAUSE he doesn't get scared. If all it takes to be a great ring slinger is to not be afraid, then Vincent van Gogh would have made a damn good one. He cut his ear off, and that is pretty fearless, isn't it?
In brightest day, in blackest night, evil is going to have to speak up cause I only have one ear!
Just how the hell does a mutation give you control over rain and wind flying?
Ok, so there are a lot of odd things going on in the X-men comics, but I know a few reasons behind them. The reason Wolverine can walk through a metal detector is because of a magic spell ( that's dumb) and Night Crawler can bamf is really just a super fast muscle movement ( that is also dumb). I can take dumb, but Storm is just baffling. What human trait makes rain fall? I mean Magneto can control magnetism, but at least the human body produces it, but I have yet to meet the person that can poop hail or fart hurricanes. I read an interview with Stan Lee, and he basically said " Fuck man, I have no clue" when asked about Storm and her powers. Also, she can fly with wind. Ok, wind does lift things. Like, you know, hair. So why doesn't her hair ever lift, just gently rustle? Do you know how much wind it would take to lift a person a few feet of the ground, let alone allow them to fly. It would be an ass numbing amount of wind, and yet her hair stays more or less in place. O but if she calls lightning her hair goes all a flip flop flip. Storm can make just about any known weather phenomena, but good lord does she get knocked out a lot. I guess that is more of a writers error than a logic error.
Why the hell does Spiderman not shoot web out of his, you know, ass?
I admit this is just silly on my part, but I have always wondered about this. Spiderman has several powers that are spider like in concept, if not in execution. Can he cling to walls? Check. Have an uncanny sense to feel danger? Check Check. Can he spin web? Triple check. Out of his butt? That is a big negative right there. That is where spiders shoot them from. I would have loved to see him swinging through the air from his ass, but I guess I would be the only one.


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2000 Ford Mustang Convertible 2dr Convertible
I bought this car a few months back and I am just in love with it. Being a V6 I was expecting very little power but after a cold air intake an exhaust and a short throw shifter this thing is fast! I would recommend this car to anyone!
Easy to work on, and beautiful inside and out
I bought this car in 2001 with 60k miles on the car. My wife wanted a convertible and this car had a higher entry into the car than the GM F- bodies. So, I work a good deal and drove it home. Within 6 month I had to replace the alternator and battery. No biggy. About to months later the coil pack. Well this went on about every 4 to 5 months. Also within the first year I had to remove the intake and clean it because of carbon build up. For use a poorly designed valve cover which lets engine gases escape into the PVC line. At 120,000 miles the head gasket blew, and I had enough of this car breaking down. The door windows hit the top when opening and closing. 2005 got the better idea fix.
Convertable. Ride height. Great looks.
Fix a problem, don't come up with a better idea. We drove a 2007 Mustang convertible and the door window still hit the top when opening and closing the door. Ford's fix was to make the window go down a fraction of an inch when the doors are opened. What a joke. Just one more problem in the future.
I purchased my Mustang about 2 years ago in Florida and then moved back north. This car has been wonderfully reliable taking me to and from Florida. My only complaint regarding long trips is that the driver's seat is horribly uncomfortable and I really get poor gas mileage. Until recently I haven't had any problems with the car. Lately the convertible top back near the window has been leaking and now I am dealing with wet floors. I think it is mostly due to the Florida sun drying out the top for 5 years since it was never garage kept. I get tons of compliments though!
Sporty look, reliability even in northern winters.
Front seat is painful. Leaking seems to be a problem. Back seat is less than spacious.
I bought this car a year and a half ago with 24000 miles, now it has a bit over 50000. Absolutely no mechanical issues to date. Always starts right up, even in the dead cold of winter. Plenty of power for a V6 and gas mileage is good for a V6. I was wary to buy a Ford after owning an 1989 Escort in the past that was garbage, but this car looked so shiny and lonely when I first saw it, just pleading to be driven, and I fell in love with it. It's such a pleasure to drive, especially with the top down. Its a real head turner too, I always get complements on it. I highly recommend this car and would definately buy another Mustang in the future. Take car of it and it will take care of you.
Convertible top on a sunny day. Engine rev and effortless passing speed on demand. Mustang community: if you ever have an issue or question about this car, there are many online forums with incredibly knowledgeable and friendly people eager to help. Mustang owners are passionate and love their cars.
No complaints. I love my car.
I wasn't looking for a Mustang and have never been a big fan. I saw this 7 year old vehicle with less than 55k miles while looking at other convertibles. I gave it a try because of the low price and was really impressed. I actually liked the handling better than Mustang GT convertibles I'd driven. I was surprised by how powerful the V6 felt with the 5 speed manual. My particular car must have spent a lot of time in the garage based on the low mileage, tight feel, and nearly flawless interior and exterior. I thought I'd miss the quick open/close of the top that I had with a Miata, but this power top is fast and seems well made. On the road the blue color seems one of the least common.
Performance, convertible top, looks.
Every Mustang 5 speed transmission I've ever driven feels the same. There are plenty of other shifters I've used (Miata, Mini, Audi) that just feel right. Each position feels well-defined and the shifter wants to go in each one. That's what the Mustang 5 speed lacks.
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Featured Coonoor hotels & deals
Coonoor hotel list
List of 31 available hotels in Coonoor. All Coonoor hotels can be booked online (click links below to sort hotels).
Vista Rooms at The Nest
Vista Rooms At Staff College Aniadah Village, Coonoor, is conveniently located in the town. The hotel offers the rooms that are designed to make you comfortable and refreshingly live.
Vista Rooms at Amberina Hotel
Map: Coonoor
Vista Rooms at Amberina Hotel, Coonoor, is conveniently located in the town. The hotel rooms are designed to appeal your senses with a comfortable and peaceful stay.
Green View Rest House
Map: Coonoor
Green view rest house gives you comfortable staying experience with having clear room,linen and basic amenities inside. The elegant location of the rest house next to tea gardens is the
Vista Rooms at Richmond
Map: Coonoor
Vista Rooms at Richmond, Coonoor, is ideally located in the town. The hotel rooms are designed to appeal your senses and make you feel comfortable.
Vivek Tourist Home
Map: Coonoor
Vivek Tourist Home, Ooty, is one of the oldest hotels in Connoor area that boasts 50 years of total experience in the hospitality sector. Delivering quality service, the hotel provides
Vista Rooms At Hotel Cassiopiea
Map: Coonoor
Vista Rooms At Hotel Cassiopiea, Coonoor, is ideally located in the beautiful town. The hotel rooms are designed to give you utmost comfort and a pleasant stay.
Vista Rooms At MC Iver Villa
Vista Rooms at Orange Grove Road, Coonoor, is ideally located in the town. The hotel rooms offer a comfortable and peaceful staying experience.
Hotel Riga Residency
Map: Mount Pleasant Road
Situated in town of Wellington in Ooty, the Riga Residency, Coonoor offers a breathtaking view of the Nilgiris from 6000 feet above sea level. The hotel is marked by lavish
Hotel Blue Hills-Coonoor
Hotel Blue Hills-Coonoor, Ooty, is a nice and lively offering in the resplendent hill station. With a calm ambience outside well-blended with the peaceful atmosphere inside, this hotel offers a
Kurumba Village Resort
Map: Coonoor
The Kurumba Village Resort is a rare aromatic arena; far from spicing with mere words, we have established the fifteen self-sufficing cottages amidst a SPICE haven where nutmeg, cloves and
Ayurveda Retreat
Map: Coonoor
Located in the Nilgiri mountains of south India with pleasant climate and natural settings, the goal of our retreat is to bring to you genuine and authentic experience with Ayurveda,
Misty Meadows Coonoor
The hotel provides distinctive accommodation, fine dining and exclusive business facilities to the discerning travelers and customers. Every new day, it's setting the standards for hospitality, comfort and ambience.
OYO Rooms Figure Of Eight Road
Map: Coonoor
Located near the railway station and the popular tourist attractions, OYO Rooms Figure Of Eight Road is the ideal one-stop destination for every leisure traveller. It comes with well-furnished rooms
Vivek Cottages
Map: Coonoor
Vivek Cottages, Ooty is a sprawling property is surrounded by lush green tea gardens and stunning hills. The warm ambience braced by welcoming hospitality makes the stay soothing. The array
Bella Vista
Map: Coonoor
Situated on Mount Pleasant Road in Ooty, the Bella Vista hotel offers a perfect blend of comfort, luxury, style and tranquility. Designed like a gargantuan bungalow, it is engulfed by
Orchid Square
Map: Coonoor
Orchid Square offers rooms in Coonoor. It includes a terrace, massage facilities and fitness centre. Sim's Park is 3 km away. Each room includes a sofa and flat-screen TV with satellite
Tea Nest
Map: Coonoor
A majestic mansion built in the 1800s - which was over the years used as the house of many british aristocrats and an international tea school as well till nature
Bliss Homestay
Map: Coonoor
Bliss Homestay, Ooty, is set in gorgeous surroundings of a hillside. It is flanked with tea gardens and lush greenery. This hotel has a charming architecture and attractive art painted
O'land Plantation
It offers a luxury stay for those who feel a special connection with nature and are looking for truly eco-friendly homestay. Relax and unwind with a loved one or enjoy
Vista Rooms at The Wilds
Vista Rooms At Singara Post Office, Coonoor, is conveniently located in the town. The hotel rooms are designed to make you feel comfortable and live.
*All prices displayed here are indicative, prices will vary based on your dates of travel.
**Hotel ratings powered by TripAdvisor


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Barcelona - Catalonia's regional government says Formula One's Spanish Grand Prix is "under question" due to economic difficulties.
Spokesman Francesc Homs was quoted as saying on Tuesday that budget debts have forced a rethink about hosting the annual F1 race and MotoGP's Catalunya GP in the future.
Homs says the regional government is ready to share its spot on the calendar with Valencia, which has hosted the European GP since 2008. Valencia is also looking to renegotiate its contract with F1.
F1 has raced at Montmelo since 1991 and is under contract to 2016.
Homs says both GPs will go ahead as scheduled this year. The Spanish GP is on May 13 and MotoGP's is on June 3.
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Big month in the world of golf as the FedEx Cup concludes on the PGA Tour, the Race to Dubai gathers steam on the European Tour and the Sunshine Tour offers local golfers the chance to bank some cash. Oh, and not forgetting the USA v Europe Ryder Cup showdown at Hazeltine!
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August 13th, 2012, 11:15 PM
Hello everyone, my name is Jeromy. I've been a pokemon fan for a LONG time, no matter if it's cards, games or the show. I recently started to learn how to hack the roms. I'm currently working on hacking Fire Red (more like a re-mastering of it to make it harder.) I'm very friendly and easy to get along with and I'm glad to join this forum, thanks all and have a nice day.


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Due to renovations at the F. Scott Fitzgerald Theatre we need to move the run of Jake's Women.
September 2016: 30
October: 1, 2*, 7, 8, 9*
Fridays and Saturdays at 8 pm
* Sunday Matinees at 2 pm
Jewish Community Center, Kreeger Auditorium
6125 Montrose Road, Rockville MD 20852
Season tickets and previously purchased tickets will be honored.
If you have questions or to order tickets, please call: 240-242-9735
Adults - $22
Seniors (62 and over) - $20
Students (with valid I.D.) - $20
One of Neil Simon's lesser known plays, but a gem of a show. Jake, a writer with an overly vivid imagination faces a marital crisis by daydreaming about the women in his life. A love story as only Neil Simon can tell it.
Setting: Jake's Soho apartment and his mind.
February 2017: 3, 4, 5*, 10, 11, 12*


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Meet the One Jerk Who Didn't Vote LeBron for MVP (No, It Wasn't Dan Le Batard)
Sunday's news should have been glorious for LeBron James. Not only did he win the MVP award, but also he became the youngest player to rack up a fourth most-valuable honor. Instead, everyone focused on what LeBron didn't do: namely, nab the first unanimous MVP. The numbers released yesterday showed 120 votes for LeBron and one single ballot for Carmelo Anthony. WHO THE HELL VOTED FOR MELO?
In minutes, internet sleuths -- piecing together a trail of clues in Poirot-like fashion -- decided it was the Miami Herald's Dan Le Batard. Twitter hate flowed like liquid magma. Problem was, it wasn't Le Batard. It was this clown.
Boston Globe columnist Gary Washburn outed himself this morning as the only dissenting voice to LeBron's dominance, writing that Melo deserved the vote for his importance to the Knicks. We'll get back to why he's wrong on a level usually reserved for the Flat Earth Society.
But first, let's all applaud Le Batard, who fell into a classic internet hate vortex yesterday and fed off it like an expert.
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It's not clear who started the Le Batard-voted-against LeBron narrative, but at some point everyone decided his Sunday column was a subtle hint that he'd been the lone dissenter.
Le Batard's point in the piece, called "No Royal Proclamation Necessary for Miami Heat's LeBron James," is how smart The Decision was in retrospect. But it's possible to look at the headline, pull out a few paragraphs, and then pretend Le Batard is really saying LeBron doesn't deserve an MVP nod because of all the other great players on the Heat.
That's precisely what the internet decided he meant. Deadspin jumped on the bandwagon last night, accusing him of stirring the pot to get more listeners for his radio show.
And Twitter? Twitter did its Twitter thing where hundreds of people flung hate at Le Batard, who gleefully retweeted it all without refuting anyone:
Like any good online shit-disturber, Le Batard threw some gas on the fire to keep the hate coming:
Finally, around 9:30 last night, Deadspin admitted it was a bit hasty in its judgment, writing that it "screwed up and jumped the gun."
This morning, Washburn posted his column, which begins like this:
When I placed my NBA MVP vote a few weeks ago, I knew I would be in the minority. I knew LeBron James was the prohibitive favorite to win his fourth award because he unquestionably is the best player in the game.
When the voting was announced Sunday afternoon, I was flabbergasted to learn I was the lone voter among 121 to not give LeBron a first-place vote.
In other words, Washburn is that most odious of characters: the postseason awards troll, who flat-out admits LeBron is "unquestionably the best player in the game" yet refuses to hand him an MVP, which, you know, goes to the best player in the game.
Why? REASONS.
So in summary: Bad job, internet; well played, Le Batard; and screw you, Washburn.
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Bought 16
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Don't just take our word for it, see what people are saying on TripAdvisor:
''Lovely hotel''
Reviewed: 20 September 2016
''Wonderful hotel''
Lorand T
Reviewed: 01 September 2016
''Great location for a first visit to Barcelona''
Reviewed: 25 August 2016
A top European city with 4km of sandy golden beach, a vibrant culture and a second-to-none cuisine? It can only be Barcelona!
We're offering you atwo-night 4* Barcelona spa break including flights from £79pp, or a three-night stay from just £119pp, saving you up to 51*%!
With the stress of organising flights taken care of, there's no time to waste in beginning your vacation! Ease into it in style with a stay in the luxurious 4* Senator Barcelona Spa Hotel. Conveniently located in the centre of the city and close to the Monumental Bullring, L'Auditori concert hall and the National Theatre of Catalonia, it's the perfect base from which to explore the city! Each of the tastefully decorated and sleekly furnished en-suite bedrooms is equipped with air conditioning, satellite TV and Wi-Fi internet connection.
Whether you're hungry for fresh seafood, a football fan or dedicated to seeking out all of Gaudí's awe-inspiring architecture, two or three days in the city will give you ample time to explore Barcelona's highlights. If you're unsure where to start, Park Güell is the perfect destination for a colourful mid-morning stroll, whilst the Sagrada Familia and its accompanying museum provide a cultural pit-stop before an afternoon wandering La Ramblas. When the sun goes down, head to any one of the city's endless supply of cosy tapas bars for a sangria (or two!). It doesn't get much better than that...
This holiday is financially protected by the ATOL scheme. For more information about financial protection and the ATOL Certificate, click here.
*Original prices calculated using the prices from britishairways.com and senatorbarcelonaspahotel.com with xe.com for currency conversion (correct as of 22.9.16).
The deal can also entitle you to a Wowcher Wallet Credit. Click here for more info.


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When your keyboard gets so hot that the keys start to melt, this can result in accidental repetition of letters and unnecessary capitalisation.
Itts Very Hott ttoday, isn'tt itt? My TT key seems to be sticking tto tthe keyboard.
di robcraine 21 novembre 2005
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Hi I'm Emma and here's a little Q&A all about me.
View a selection of recent Peas-in-a-Pod illustrations.
Cheeky Treats
A selection of Peas-in-a-Pod illustrated giftware.
Say Hi!
There are lots of ways you can keep in touch.
Added: 29.08.2016 | Tags: Homeware What's New
This August we've had a little flurry of new designs at Peas-in-a-Pod HQ....More
Added: 03.08.2016 | Tags:
Peas-in-a-Pod designs are now available on a select product range for design-led online gift boutique Art Rookie.More
Added: 29.06.2016 | Tags: greeting cards What's New
So the EU Ref shock has knocked us all off kilter a little.... but there are still reasons to be joyful in the world of Peas-in-a-Pod....More
Added: 07.06.2016 | Tags: Homeware
I'm delighted to announce that Peas-in-a-Pod has been selected as one of five Finalists in the top lifestyle Blog Muddy Stillettos Kent Awards 2016More
Added: 25.05.2016 | Tags: Giftware What's New
Peas-in-a-Pod is delighted to now be stocked in the gorgeous Lark Gift Boutique in Sevenoaks.More
Added: 16.04.2016 | Tags: greeting cards Giftware Homeware What's New
So with dear ol Queenies 90th celebrations occurring this summer, i thought it appropriate to give my popular Queen design a limited edition makeover....More
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After a bumper Valentines season putting the Spring very much into our step I've been beavering away on a few new things for the Pod...More
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This International Women's Day I am thankful to have the choice, to be able to choose to combine motherhood and career.More
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WISEPOWER srl is aimed at the design and prototyping of a new class of energy generators for mobile devices.
This idea originates from the discovery, made in the university laboratory, of a new technology that significantly improves the performances of a wide class of electric power generators. Based on this new technology and on the long-standing experience of the inventors in research activities, they decided to give birth to a company aimed at applying this technology to designing micro energy generators for mobile devices.
Mobile electronic devices are energy hungry and the standard existing solutions, i.e. batteries, present a number of back draws like large size and heavy weight, finite life-time, high costs.
WISEPOWER srl has developed a new approach to solve the energy needs of mobile electronic devices: extraction of energy from the ambient when and where is needed. Specifically, WISEPOWER srl has developed a new and innovative technology for the energy-conversion, based on the use of non-linear dynamics applied to physical systems. Vibrational, light, heat energies, to name a few, are harvested from the ambient and converted into the electric energy available for powering electronic devices.
Wisepower attending the event organized annually by NIPS Laboratory (http://www.nipslab.org) to make known a new conceptual approach to renewable energy in the field of microenergie.
Wisepower participates at "Impact ICT-Energy consumption" workshop, organized by ICT-Energy C.A. with the support of the European Commission.
Wisepower srl joins the chorus of those who today celebrate the exceptional event of the first observation of gravitational waves. The discovery of gravitational waves which was also attended by the NIPS lab at the University of Perugia with Virgo-group Perugia (INFN), in addition to exceptional scientific benefits has already had important technological implications. These include studies on the thermal noise control driven by NIPS in the past 25 years and are aimed at reducing the effects of mechanical vibration on the suspension of optical interferometers.
The Noise in Physical Systems Laboratory is pleased to invite you to lunch with science.
During the frugal meal courtesy of Wisepower S.r.l., a spin-off of the Department of Physics, you can follow an interesting seminar:
Wednesday, October 14, 2015 at 13:00
Room B of the Department of Physics, Via Elce di Sotto, in Perugia.
Barbara Mazzolai,
Center of Micro-BioRobotica, Italian Institute of Technology
Fiuggi (Italy) - July 7-12, 2015
The Noise in Physical System Laboratory, in collaboration with Wisepower staff, is glad to announce the sixth edition of NiPS Summer School devoted to "ICT-Energy: Energy consumption in future ICT devices".
In the week in which Europe promotes the use of sustainable energy, or those energies that respect the environment, the NIPS laboratory at the University of Perugia organized a day to raise awareness on the role of micro-energy (www.microenergyday.eu).
The Micro-energies are those energies which are needed every day to accomplish many of the habitual actions such as making a call on our cell phone, listen to a song with the MP3 player, switch the appliance hearing, maintain the pacemaker, ...
Among the projects selected by the experts at the Hong Kong Science and Technology Parks Corporation and invited to attend the first meeting of June 22-26 there is also " Micro and Nano Energy Harvesting " which has as its referent dr. Helios Vocca, Researcher and R&D Director of the Wisepower. The main goal of our work is the invention, design and prototipation of a new class of micro-powering systems for the energy consumption of stand-alone micro-electronic apparata like sensors or actuators.
During the final leg of the tour TechGarage Digital Energy Tour on 20th Febbrary, it was assigned the special "Siamosoci Award" to three of the 10 finalists.
For SiamoSoci the most promising ideas of this year have been Wisepower, Be Smart, Sustainable Hosting. With the assignment of the "Premio SiamoSoci" officially it is opened the collaboration between the web platform where startups meet potential investors and Barcamper, when looking for talent on the Italian territory, a crucial step to create young businesses.
Follow @WisepowerSrl
What the newspapers say about us ...go on
Documents available for downloading ...go on
Spin Off universitario nato nell'ambito del lavoro di ricerca e sviluppo svolto presso il dipartimento di Fisica dell'Università di Perugia e dell'Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Perugia. P.I. 01364960557


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Some of our favorite historical fiction for school-age children.
Historical Stories
Younger Elementary
Deborah Hopkinson (Juvenile Fiction - J Hopkins)
In Knob Creek, Kentucky, in 1816, seven-year-old Abe falls into a creek and is rescued by his best friend, Austin Gollaher. See more historical fiction by this author, such as the Klondike Kid Trilogy.
Elaine Marie Alphin (Juvenile First Chapter Books - J Alphin)
In Wyoming in the 1880s, a young boy fulfills his dream of finding a dinosaur skeleton on his father's ranch, outwits a man who would cheat him, and sells his find to a team of fossil hunters.
Laurie Myers (Juvenile Fiction - J Myers)
Tommy, the son of a Presbyterian minister in Augusta, Georgia, during the Civil War, must search his conscience to decide whether he should help a Yankee soldier escape and return home.
Richard Platt (Juvenile Fiction - J Platt)
The fictional diary of a nine-year-old boy who, in 1716 sets off from North Carolina to become a sailor, but ends up a pirate instead. Look for these other historical diaries by this author: Castle Diary and Egyptian Diary.
Patricia MacLachlan (Juvenile Fiction - J Maclach)
When Papa advertises for a new wife to join his prairie family, Sarah appears from Maine. The children, Caleb and Anna, grow to love her very much but fear she is too homesick and will soon leave them. Read more books by this author about the Witting family and their life on the frontier.
Gerald Morris (Juvenile Fiction – J Morris)
Relates tales of Sir Lancelot, the bravest knight in King Arthur's court.
Laurence Yep (Juvenile Fiction - J Yep)
In 1950s San Francisco Chinatown, 8 year-old Artie succeeds in fulfilling a foolish fireworks promise with the help of his Uncle Chester.
Older Elementary
Richard Peck (Juvenile Fiction - J Peck)
A boy recounts his annual summer trips to rural Illinois with his sister during the Great Depression to visit their larger-than-life grandmother. (Also read the award-winning sequel, A Year Down Yonder.)
Aharon Appelfeld (Juvenile Fiction – J Appelfe)
Adam and Thomas, two nine-year-old Jewish boys who survive World War II, take refuge in the forest where they learn to forage and survive, soon meeting and helping other fugitives fleeing for their lives.
Matt Phelan (Juvenile Graphic Novels - J Phelan)
Challenged with circling the world at the end of the nineteenth century, three very different adventurers--avid bicyclist Thomas Stevens, fearless reporter Nellie Bly, and retired sea captain Joshua Slocum--embark on epic journeys.
Eugene Yelchin (Juvenile Fiction - J Yelchin)
In the Stalinist era of the Soviet Union, ten-year-old Sasha idolizes his father, a devoted Communist, but when police take his father away and leave Sasha homeless, he is forced to examine his own perceptions, values and beliefs.
Karen Cushman (Juvenile Fiction - J Cushman)
The thirteen-year-old daughter of an English country knight keeps a journal in which she records the events of her life, particularly her longing for adventures beyond the usual role of women and her efforts to avoid being married off. You might also like other historical novels by this author, such as The Loud Silence of Francine Green, The Midwife's Apprentice or Rodzina.
Laurie Halse Anderson (Juvenile Fiction - J Anderso)
After being sold to a cruel couple in New York City, a slave named Isabel spies for the rebels during the Revolutionary War.
Deborah Wiles (Juvenile Fiction - J Wiles)
It's 1962, and it seems the whole country is living in fear. Franny Chapman just wants some peace - but that's hard to get! Told with a visually stunning tapestry of Cold War news, ads, and "duck and cover" educational materials.
Pam Muñoz Ryan (Juvenile Fiction - J Ryan)
Esperanza and her mother are forced to leave their life of wealth and privilege in Mexico to go work in the labor camps of Southern California, where they must adapt to the harsh circumstances facing Mexican farm workers on the eve of the Great Depression.
Margi Preus (Juvenile Fiction - J Preus)
In 1841, rescued by an American whaler after a terrible shipwreck leaves him and his four companions castaways on a remote island, fourteen-year-old Manjiro, who dreams of becoming a samurai, learns new laws and customs as he becomes the first Japanese person to set foot in the United States.
Thanhha Lai (Juvenile Fiction - J Lai)
Through a series of poems, a young girl chronicles the life-changing year of 1975, when she, her mother, and her brothers leave Vietnam and resettle in Alabama.
Katherine Paterson (Juvenile Fiction - J Paterso)
Impoverished Vermont farm girl Lyddie Worthen is determined to gain her independence by becoming a factory worker in Lowell, Massachusetts, in the 1840s. Look for more historical fiction titles by this author, such as Jip: His Story, The Master Puppeteer, and Bread and Roses, Too.
Lois Lowry (Juvenile Fiction - J Lowry)
In 1943, during the German occupation of Denmark, ten-year-old Annemarie learns how to be brave and courageous when she helps shelter her Jewish friend from the Nazis.
Rita Williams-Garcia (Juvenile Fiction - J Williams)
In the summer of 1968, eleven-year-old Delphine and her sisters travel from Brooklyn to Oakland, California to spend a month with their mother whom they barely know. There they discover their mother, a dedicated poet and printer, wants them to attend a nearby Black Panther summer camp.
Jennifer L. Holm (Juvenile Fiction - J Holm)
As the only girl in a Finnish American family of seven brothers, May Amelia Jackson resents being expected to act like a lady while growing up in Washington state in 1899.
Helen Frost (Juvenile Fiction - J Frost)
Twelve-year-olds Anikwa, of the Miami village of Kekionga, and James, of the trading post outside Fort Wayne, find their friendship threatened by the rising fear and tension brought by the War of 1812.
Avi (Juvenile Fiction - J Avi)
In 1776, after witnessing the execution of Nathan Hale in New York City, newly occupied by the British army, young Sophia Calderwood resolves to do all she can to help the American cause, including becoming a spy. Look for more historical fiction titles by this author.
Louise Erdrich (Juvenile Fiction - J Er)
Omakayas, a seven-year-old Native American girl of the Ojibwa tribe, lives through the joys of summer and the perils of winter on an island in Lake Superior in 1847. See also the sequel to this story: The Game of Silence.
Linda Sue Park (Juvenile Fiction - J Park)
In Korea in 1473, eleven-year-old Young-sup overcomes his rivalry with his older brother Kee-sup and combines his kite-flying skill with Kee-sup's kite-making skill in an attempt to win the New Year kite-fighting competition for the emperor. If you like this title you may also like A Single Shard, and When My Name was Keoko by the same author.
Kristin Levine (Juvenile Fiction - J Levine)
In 1958 Little Rock, Arkansas, painfully shy twelve-year-old Marlee sees her city and family divided over school integration, but her friendship with Liz, a new student, helps her find her voice and fight against racism.
Brian Selznick (Juvenile Fiction – J Selznick)
In 1766, a boy, Billy Marvel, is shipwrecked, rescued, and goes on to found a brilliant family of actors that flourishes in London until 1900--and nearly a century later, Joseph Jervis, runs away from home, seeking refuge with his uncle in London, and is captivated by the Marvel house, with its portraits and ghostly presences.
Christopher Paul Curtis (Juvenile Fiction - J Curtis)
With love and determination befitting the "world's greatest family," twelve-year-old Deza Malone, her older brother Jimmie, and their parents endure tough times in Gary, Indiana, and later Flint, Michigan, during the Great Depression. Look for more historical novels by this author.
Kimberly Brubaker Bradley (Juvenile Fiction – J Bradley)
A young disabled girl and her brother are evacuated from London to the English countryside during World War II, where they find life to be much sweeter away from their abusive mother.
Elizabeth George Speare (Juvenile Classics - J Speare)
In 1687 in Connecticut, Kit Tyler, feeling out of place in the Puritan household of her aunt, befriends an old woman considered a witch by the community and suddenly finds herself standing trial for witchcraft.
Lauren Wolk (Juvenile Fiction – J Wolk)
Twelve-year-old Annabelle must learn to stand up for what's right in the face of a manipulative and violent new bully who targets people Annabelle cares about, including a homeless World War I veteran.


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David Dunaway, 48, of Carrollton, Ga., was found under the River Watch bridge west of 15th Street, Chief Deputy Coroner Mark Bowen said. He said the death is being treated as a homicide.
"He's been here two or three days, and there's been some decomposition," Mr. Bowen said.
The body was being sent to the crime lab in Augusta to determine the cause of death.


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Steve Parris
Email Address:
Phone Number:
Coordinator Address:
Ormond Beach, FL 32174
Safe Kids Volusia/Flagler Counties is led by Healthy Communities, which provides dedicated and caring staff, operation support and other resources to assist in achieving our common goal: keeping your kids safe. Based on the needs of the community, this coalition implements evidence-based programs, such as car-seat checkups, safety workshops and sports clinics, that help parents and caregivers prevent childhood injuries.
60% of parents don't fill out the registration card that comes with their child's car seat. Learn More »


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Wednesday Afternoon Weather WebcastUPDATED 1:29 PM EDT Oct 02, 2013
WLKY's Matt Milosevich has the latest on warm temperatures and rain chances in the 7-day forecast.
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