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Picks: March 23, 2014 - Cosmos: A Spacetime Odyssey
Only one pick this week, and it deserves its own post.
Only one pick this week, and it deserves its own post.
This first installment of Picks focuses on ways to stay alert and informed about severe weather and tornadoes.
As your test suite grows, you can expect it to run longer. But if you're not careful, some slower tests can creep in and disproportionately increase your suite's total execution time.
Introducing SpeedTrap: a lightweight PHPUnit listener that reports on slow-running tests right in your console.
I have run into some sites (usually within a security-focused domain like banking or health care) that use misleading or downright bad security practices during their user registration process. Overall these practices decrease the user experience, and at worst encourage their users to succumb to poor security practices.
Why might these sites choose to do this? What are the side effects? And how can savvy developers work around them?
I am fairly picky when it comes to bags. As one piece of equipment I use daily, it must feel like an extension of myself. I won't put up with a sub-par bag with lots of bulk and extra features I won't use.
When I first heard about the Buzz bag by Tom Bihn it sounded great, even if it cost more than any bad I had ever owned, so I ordered it. After a solid 18 months of use I can detail the great, good and my wish list for its next version.
These commands allow me, and hopefully you, to work faster and more efficiently with the Symfony2 framework.
Serializing existing objects with the Symfony2 JMS Serializer Bundle is pretty easy, but deserializing a third-party XML response is a bit more work.
A few of my previous posts have been fortunate enough to become front-page worthy on Hacker News and /r/programming. But the rush of traffic toppled my WordPress blog. So I toppled WordPress and replaced it with Jekyll.
The Pragmatic Programmer advocates you should know your editor inside and out. So why don't you know your version control system just as well? Discover git add "patch mode" and learn how to make more concisely crafted commits leading to a cleaner git history and more friends.
Over the last few years, especially since the release of Lion in July 2011, there is an air of neglect floating amongst the development community that use Apple hardware running OS X as their primary workstation. Many developers feel Apple is not focused on their best interests as developers and are frustrated with new Apple products.
When Apple released their Q3 Financial Report yesterday, I was finally able to put statistics to backup the feeling of neglect.
I'm not good at quitting things. But I knew someday I would have to quit a job for reasons beyond, "I'm moving to go to school" or "I graduated and am taking a job in my new profession" or some other natural progression from one life stage to another.
But Friday, July 20, 2012 was my last official day as an employee of Information Technology at the University of Kansas.
Like some of you, I have not yet caved and bought an iPad. Or any other tablet device, for that matter. But given that "the new" third-generation iPad was officially made available at 8:00AM this morning, that might change soon.
But even with its revolutionary display panel, I'm still reluctant to buy for one small, but very significant feature that's still lacking: color temperature control.
git 1.7.8 was released a little over a week ago. Most changes will probably not affect your every day use of git, but a few new features should be useful.
Steve Jobs visited Xerox in 1979 to see the Xerox Star: a computer promoting a revolutionary graphical user interface.
Jobs loved what he saw. Xerox had developed one of the first GUI's, one that would ultimately lay the foundation for the concept of "windows" (small W) and the "desktop" we know in modern operating systems.
When he tasked Bill Atkinson, Atkinson created something even more revolutionary…
I want to talk about how Music affects my ability to be in The Zone: that "deeply creative space where inspiration is built", as Rands puts it. That mental place where you're so focused that nothing else matters except the bug you're hunting, the feature you're cranking out or the blog post you're writing.
By the end of this article I hope you have a better sense of how you choose what to listen to, and that I introduce you to some new artists to increase your productivity when working.
git 1.7.7 was released within the last few weeks. You can view the 1.7.7 release notes for a full list of changes.
Most changes will probably not affect your every day use of git, but two new additions should prove very useful for many developers.
Carl Sagan's book "Pale Blue Dot" is a truly inspirational book. It has given me a new outlook on the fragility of life on Earth, and cultured new thoughts on what interplanetary travel might mean for the future of the human species.
Here, I detail some of my thoughts on the ideas expressed in the book.
You have undoubtedly seen many tutorial sites showing off how to implement the newest whiz-bang features of modern JavaScript libraries. While most of these sites do an adequate job of showing users "how to" implement features, they almost always neglect teaching when to use these techniques, and more importantly, when to forego them.
Looking at some generic news aggregate site, it seems there's a lot of important things going on in the news. Some radical pastor wants to burn Korans. Huge fires are engulfing a San Francisco neighborhood. "Evil" zombies are now back. In 3D.
Does any of that really affect you? No, really… does it?
NO! And if you think it does, it doesn't. Want proof?
Instances of WordPress installed on certain clusters of MediaTemple's GridServer were recently hit with an exploit that appended an external JavaScript to each post's content field, ultimately redirecting to redirecting to a TinyURL address, resolving to the domain qooglesearch.com.
MediaTemple asserts in a July 16, 2010 blog entry, "We do not believe that this is an infrastructure issue, but we are still investigating the root cause(s)."
I believe I have evidence to the contrary.
Marco Tabini recently wrote on the php|architect blog that "programmers are doing it wrong." He argues that many programmers have become hung up on writing mythical perfect code that abides by all modern best practices instead of doing what we are hired to do: solve problems quickly and efficiently. But if you spend time writing it well the first time, you too can save your sanity.
Google announced yesterday on their blog that they are venturing into installing fiber-to-the-curb for residential users, essentially as an alternative ISP. Their goals include not only delivering faster Internet to more people, but also giving developers and users a wealth of bandwidth at their disposal and see what they can do with it.
Google asked for nominations of cities that might be a good fit for the project, so I wrote a recommendation letter for where I live in Lawrence, Kansas.
Using a little app called DavMail, you use any CalDEV-enabled calendar app to manager your Exchange calendar, including Apple's iCal. From their site, "DavMail is a POP/IMAP/SMTP/Caldav/LDAP exchange gateway allowing users to use any mail/calendar client (e.g. Thunderbird with Lightning or Apple iCal) with an Exchange server, even from the internet or behind a firewall through Outlook Web Access." So assuming your company has OWA setup, keep reading.
Trust is priceless. Breaking the trust bond in a relationship, whether friendly, emotional or vendor-to-end-user, is a serious breach of social contract. As web app developers and content creators, we must instill trust in our users with the goal of making them feel comfortable using our applications and ultimately giving up some of their personal info.
Today, the Symfony crew has released Symfony 1.3 and 1.4. I recently deployed a pretty basic 1.2 app, and decided to try upgrading it to 1.3, and then on to 1.4, just to see if these "easy upgrade" claims were as advertised.
I will be following the 1.2 to 1.3/1.4 Upgrade Instructions below, so you should read over them before we get started.
I've been having a battery/power issue with my MacBook Pro recently where it will turn off if the battery power has much less than 0:10 minutes left. You know, after the "You are running on Reserve Power" message comes up, but before it fully drains and (normally) puts itself to sleep using SafeSleep. So what do these power issues have to do with Evernote? A lot if your notes database becomes corrupted.


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May 5, 2016
Bullet holes were found on two school buses in a district near a series of highway shootings.
Thursday's classes were canceled. They may be called off again Friday.
All 200 buses in the district are being checked. There are about 20,500 students in kindergarten through 12th grade in the district.
A woman passenger was killed in a shooting last month. No one else has been hurt. Police believe there have been 16 shootings since May.
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subset: commoncrawl


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WUSA 9 Sports Anchor Dave Owens is taking a closer look at the Washington Nationals' manager in his weekly opinion column.
WASHINGTON (WUSA9) -- When you look at Washington Nationals Manager Davey Johnson, you sort of get the feeling you're looking at a cross between Yoda from Star Wars and that dude from the Most Interesting Man in the World commercials.
"What's up guys?" said Johnson with a smile as he strolled past a group of reporters during a recent spring training practice. The 70-year-old was bundled up appropriately for a 38 degree morning. Was he cold? He certainly looked it. One thing we know for sure, however, he was cool. Washington's field manager is just that: a cool cat. In the year plus he's led D.C.'s up-and-coming baseball franchise, the metaphorical bullet proof vest which he and every manager wears, has been tested. By now we know Johnson is made of Kevlar.
Last season during "operation shutdown Strasburg" when pundits locally, regionally and nationally questioned the rationale to pull the team's ace, Johnson never flinched. He towed the company line and supported the discontinuance of the Almighty Righty. Recently I sat down with him at spring training in Viera, Florida and again, Johnson reiterated his support for the way the team handled Strasburg.
"I totally agreed with the decision," said Johnson. "The mental anguish he (Strasburg) was going through, if you're not 100 percent committed on what you're doing on that day and you're thinking about your next start and maybe not having one, it's hard to pitch."
When the Nationals squandered the largest lead in an elimination game in Major League Baseball history, Johnson handled reporter's questions with deft expertise.
"We've had a great year overcoming a lot of hardship," said Johnson moments after the gut punch of a loss. "To not go after them at the end was not fun to watch." He was brutally honest but also cool, calm and collected.
This winter when the Nationals acquired reliever Rafael Soriano from the Yankees, a move that essentially demoted others including Drew Storen, the team's closer a year ago, Johnson was faced with potential drama. Both Storen and Tyler Clippard have said they want the ball in critical moments. There were three competitive relievers and one rock. How did Johnson respond to that?
"It'll shake itself out. I'm not worried about those guys not one bit." Cool.
No one should be surprised though. Davey is battled tested, hardened by a long career of superlatives and shakeups for that matter. People forget he was a two-time World Series Champion player with the Orioles. As manager, he resurrected Baltimore in the mid-1990's, and then resigned after a messy dispute with owner Peter Angelos.
He's probably best known for his stewardship of the 1986 Mets. The cardiac kids who battled back in the World Series to defeat the Red Sox when all looked lost. That group was a motley crew. Some of the most high profile, high strung, high risk characters to ever grace a roster: Dwight Gooden, Darryl Strawberry, Roger McDowell, Lenny Dykstra, Keith Hernandez, just to name a few. He handled that bunch; surely he can handle this one.
Johnson has a mantra: don't get too high or too low. His cool hand will be tested this season, however. The Nationals have never been here. By "here" I mean on top, a favorite, and the hunted.
"What if you start out 11-11," I asked him during our sit-down interview. "Are you concerned the fan base might ask what's wrong?"
"We're not gonna start out 11-11, I try to take as much pressure off the players as possible," said Johnson. "I think the D.C. fans are rightly to be excited and they should expect a lot. I've been in places where if they (fans) didn't get what they wanted they booed and I hope our guys boo too because we're expecting the same thing they're expecting."
Johnson says all this with a wry smile. High expectations, World Series or bust, you get the sense he loves this. The sight of him in the dugout for this upcoming 162-game ride should make Nationals fans feel good about their team's chances.
Surely behind closed doors he'll be reminding this young group to not get too high or too low. That the San Francisco Giants began last season 12-14 only to go on to win the whole thing. He might even lose his temper every once in awhile, behind closed doors. In front of us, he'll sure to be cool as a cucumber.


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Kalahari Desert sunrise. Source: C.Michael Hogan
Sunlight filtering through Ceiba pentandra
Tikal, Guatamala. Source: C.Michael Hogan Sunlight is the electromagnetic radiation arriving at the Earth's surface due to direct illumination by the sun; this radiation includes ultraviolet, visible and infrared components of radiation. Sunlight intensity varies by season and time of day due to the orbit of the Earth around the sun and the Earth's rotation. Characterization of sunlight at the Earth's surface is further complicated by the presence of clouds, concentration of atmospheric particulate matter and integrity of the ozone layer. Sunlight can theoretically be defined as the illumination of a sun in any galaxy impinging upon any arbitrary point in the universe; however, the present treatment will concentrate on the sun in our solar system reaching the Earth surface.
Also called solar insolation, sunlight is responsible for maintaining the temperature of the Earth Crust at levels hospitable to life on Earth as we know it. Sunlight is also the energy source for almost all life on planet Earth. Although it has certain salutory effects on human health, excessive exposure can elevate the risk of skin cancer. Sunlight has obvious variations in diurnal and seasonal intensity at any given point on the Earth surface.
Spectral composition
Longer wavelengths than 1000 micrometers are considered microwaves and will not be addressed in this treatment of sunlight. Thus the sunlight spectrum can be classified into seven bands by wavelength:
|Wavelength (micrometers)
|0.1 to 0.28
|This radiation manifests lower wavelengths than visible violet light (and, hence undetectable by the unaided eye). Since the atmosphere absorbs this wavelength strongly, little reaches the Earth's surface. This ultraviolet band has mutagenic, carcinogenic and germicidal characteristics.
|0.28 to 0.315
|It is also greatly absorbed by the atmosphere, and along with is responsible for the photochemical reaction leading to the production of the ozone layer.
|0.315 to 0.4
|This band has been traditionally held as less damaging to the DNA, and hence used in sun tanning and therapy for psoriasis.
|Visible Light
|0.4 to 0.7
|This band is detectable to the human eye
|0.7 to 1.400
|1.4 to 3.0
|3.0 to 1000
UV energy flux (kilojoules per sq m) Houston, Texas. Source: NOAA
Atmospheric physics and chemistry
Sundog display over the Kluane Range, Alaska. Source: Joseph N.Hall On its inbound journey to the Earth surface, sunlight has a number of important interactions with the atmosphere, including ionizing effects that result in photochemical smog. The journey of sunlight form its source to the Earth takes about 500 seconds. Re-radiated infrared energy from the Earth's crust has significant interaction with greenhouse gases (chiefly methane and carbon dioxide) resulting in the retention of significant heat within the lower atmospheric layers. There are also significant optical phenomena such as the formation of rainbows, sundogs and ecclipses.
In the 1970s earnest efforts began in the understanding of formation of photochemical smog, addressing California valleys such as the Los Angeles Basin and Livermore Amador Valley. The driving chemical reaction is a photon of UV radiation colliding with the NO2 molecule, producing NO and a dissociated oxygen atom, which in turn reacts with a variety of reactive hydrocarbons to produce the various chemicals of photochemical smog. .
Energy flux
Surface of the sun, generating an energy flux, which will reach
the Earth surface. Source: NASA/Hinode mission The sun provides the driving force for most biological processes in the Earth's biosphere through a massive energy flux delivered by its radiation. Averaged over all locations and twenty four hours per day, the mean energy flux delivered at the surface is approximately 342 watts per square meter. Not only is this energy sufficient to power all of the Earth's biological systems, but it has some reserve capacity to provide useful energy to humans using solar power technologies. A cautionary note is needed here, since placement of massive solar arrays would not only deprive most terrestrial ecosystems of needed energy, but deployment of large arrays in many desert environments is causing irreversible damage to sensitive desert crust soils, often termed cryptobiotic soils. Consequently solar power must be pursued either as integrated building installation or in carefully chosen low latitude regions like the Sahara Desert, where biological resources are extremely low. Conversely, deserts such as the Mojave, Sonora and Namib are unusually rich in endemic species and high in cryptobiotic soils.
If the Earth did not re-radiate an equal amount of energy, there would be a strong systematic warming of the Earth itself. Consequently, infrared radiation from the Earth occurs continuously to balance the incident sunlight. One can calculate that the stable mean Earth temperature to achieve the needed blackbody radiation is -18 degrees Celsius; however, the actual mean Earth surface temperature is about +15 degrees Celsius. The reconciliation of these numbers is the existence of the greenhouse gas content in the atmosphere. Were it not for this protective layer of greenhouse gas, most of the Earth would be inhospitable to life as we know it.
Power supply of the biosphere
Meercats sunning at daybreak to achieve warming.
Kalahari Desert, Botswana. Source: C.Michael Hogan Sunlight is the source of most biological energy needed to sustain life on the planet Earth. The chief mechanism for conversion of solar power to biological energy is autotrophism, or the process of organisms to manufacture biological resources using sunlight. Photosynthetic activity in vegetation is the most well known autotrophic mechanism. Approximately 1014 watts of solar radiation are converted to photosynthetic processes including sunlight incident on the shallower waters, or epipelagic zone, less than 200 meters in depth; this primary production results in about 1011 tons per annum of biomass production.
Naturally, the primary production fuels growth of heterotrophs, or higher organisms, who consume the autotrophs. Besides the production of biological resources from photochemistry and faunal metabloic function, there is an important direct thermal heating effect essential to most lifeforms. This phenomenon is most apparent in species such as butterflies and meercats, who have a daily sunning cycle intrinsic to achieving necessary body temperature to engage in routine daily locomotion. This effect is observable on a global scale, in that colors of butterfly wings in cooler climates are generally darker, allowing the absorption of greater heat.
Other abiotic effects of incident sunlight are the powering of ocean and atmospheric currents, which are intrinsic to the dynamic equilibria that characterize the ecoregions of the world as we know them. Beyond the powering effects of sunlight, there are important temporal and spatial biotic cues given by sunlight, including circadian rhythm impulses that govern many diurnal biological processes; cues to fauna that perform seasonal migration; and direction finding capabilities for bees and other fauna that use the sun location as a means of navigation.
Albedo and illuminance
Sunlight coming over Picacho Peak, Arizona. @ C.Michael Hogan The reflectance of sunlight at the Earth surface is termed albedo. The reflective coefficient of snow cover is typically about 85 percent; in contrast, the albedo of freshly poured asphalt is approximately five percent. Alteration of land cover has a significant influence on reflectivity and hence, thermal balance at the surface of the Earth. When the albedo is high, such as snow cover, there is a local reduction in surface temperature and a corresponding diminution of re-radiated infrared energy.
Relatively bright mid-day sunlight in a low latitude region yields illuminance of approximately 100,000 lumens per square meter at the Earth's surface. Sunlight illuminance even at higher latitudes is quite high during the daylight hours; there is vast unutilized potential to design buildings to take advantage of natural light through perimeter fenestration, skylights and light tubes. Some estimates indicate that better building design could supplant more than ten percent of electrical lighting demand of current buildings.
Human health
Besides providing food and warmth, sunlight has both beneficial and deleterious impacts upon humans. Benefits include manufacture of vitamin D, while harmful effects include sunburn and the possibility of carcinoma or other genetic mutation; these adverse effects are enhanced at extreme latitudes of the Southern Hemisphere, where a hole in the protective ozone layer has been puctured.
The UVB band of ultraviolet spectrum induces the body to produce vitamin D; furthemore, prolonged absence of sunlight exposure will result in vitamin D deficiency, if dietary intake of this vitamin is not compensated. This common syndrome is known to increase cancer risk. Correspondingly deprivation of sunlight exposure at higher latitudes is a causes of seasonal affective disorder. In addition research has shown that sunlight exposure in childhood reduces incidence of multiple sclerosis.
- John D. Bossler. 2010. Manual of Geospatial Science and Technology. CRC Press. 808 pages
- Gerd P. Pfeifer. 1996. Technologies for detection of DNA damage and mutations. Springer. 440 pages
- David J.Cuff and Andrew Goudie. 2009. The Oxford companion to global change. Oxford University Press. 684 pages
- Leonid Ivanovich Ponomarev. 1993. The quantum dice. CRC Press. 255 pages
- Crispin Spencer Guppy and Jon Shepard. 2001. Butterflies of British Columbia. UBC Press. 414 pages
- C.Michael Hogan, Leda C.Patmore, Marc Papineau et al. 1975. Atmospheric formation and transport of photochemical oxidants affecting the Livermore Amador Valley. Earth Metrics Inc., California Air Resources Board, and City of Livermore, California
- James Girard. 2009. Principles of Environmental Chemistry. Jones and Bartlett. 689 pages
- C.D.Ahrens. 2006. Meteorology Today. An Introduction to Weather, Climate, and the Environment. Eighth Edition. Thompson, Brooks/Cole. United States. 537 pages
CitationHogan, C. (2012). Sunlight. Retrieved from http://www.eoearth.org/view/article/51cbf00a7896bb431f6a0015
3 Comments
Steve Hayes wrote: 03-18-2012 14:24:20
quote Circadian rhythms apply equally to NOCTURNAL as well as diurnal processes (of course)
Robert Bernal wrote: 07-25-2011 12:58:09
Concerning solar panels, it would be best to have machine automation to mass produce however many GaAs cells (and batteries) the population would need to displace many times the current fossil fueled energy supply for almost free (since machines don't demand pay, benefits or sleep). These 30% efficient cells would be used in freznel concentrating or dish systems that are post mounted, thus no need to grade deserts at all. Also to be considered, however, is the need to evaluate infrared forcings on the large scale. 15% flat panel, being dark in color, placed over hundreds of thousands of square miles may actually warm the planet more than the 100 or so cubic miles of coal and oil humanity has already converted to CO2... Hence the reflective systems which would convert less of the light into infrared and reflect more of the unused light back into space.


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Waikiki Explorer (4 nights)
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Ready for the ultimate vacation destination? Want to get your fill of Hawaii's unparalleled physical beauty? We'll set up with accommodation & loads of extras on our 4 night stopover! Perfect as a short holiday in itself, or as a stopover for a few days before or after your North American tour. Spend your time snorkeling, strolling the beach or enjoying a big night out!
Places I'd Like to Visit
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From Edmunds.com
It's the next best thing to waving an ultraexclusive, invitation-only American Express black card in front of a maître d' - flashing a glamorous car key. Once mere utilitarian metal instruments, today's key fobs are fashionable and distinctive. The reason? Automotive manufacturers see fobs as a new way to enhance the customer experience and differentiate their products from the competition.
Bentley Director of Design and Styling, Dirk van Braekel, certainly took this into account as he created the design goals for the Flying Spur and Continental GT keys: "The design idea was to create a piece of jewelry, something special that an owner can hold, something that lives up to the Bentley vehicle and brings with it the Bentley status."
With that in mind, Bentley designer Brett Boydell embarked on a yearlong development process. When it was over, Boydell had created an exquisite piece of eye candy that, when placed on a bar, is instantly recognizable and would help even the most romantically challenged score a hot date.
Though Bentley's sparkling key fob is a sight to see, other automakers, such as Audi, BMW, Jaguar, Lexus and Mercedes-Benz also have fobs that are designed to make you feel like a VIP. Automakers recognize that key fobs are a tangible aspect of the car ownership experience, valued by drivers for both their tactile and eye-catching qualities. According to Lexus Product Planning Manager Ben Mitchell, company research discovered that "especially with young people, keys do make a statement. The key is brought out and plunked down in various places, making it highly visible to others."
Here are our picks for the 10 most noteworthy key fob designs for 2006.
Copyright Edmunds.com, Inc. All rights reserved. First published on www.edmunds.com and excerpted with permission.


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May 5, 2016
Authorities in Cumberland County say they have arrested a Fayetteville woman after she allowed a sex offender to live with her while she operated a day care in her home.
Fifty-two-year-old Yvonne Monroe was charged Wednesday with operating a baby-sitting service in the home of a sex offender.
The Cumberland County Sheriff's Office says Monroe advertised her child-care services on Craigslist and cared for at least two children in her home while boyfriend Theodore Higuera Brazell lived there.
The 56-year-old Brazell is a registered sex offender who is charged with two counts of violating the state's Sex Offender Registry guidelines. Brazell is also the former police chief of the Dare County town of Southern Shores
Monroe is currently free on bond. It's not known if she has an attorney.
Copyright 2016 by The Associated Press. All Rights Reserved.
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The Power of Independent Thinking
David Theroux Discusses Youths Political Future
Recorded: Friday, April 12, 2013
Independent Institute Founder and President, David J. Theroux discusses libertarianism, politics, and today's youth with host Gary Franchi on the Next News Network.
Experts: David J. TherouxType: TelevisionIssues: Culture/ Society, Political Ideology and Philosophy, Politics
Bush, Obama, and Presidential Power
Recorded: Wednesday, January 7, 2009
Ron Paul, Richard Shenkman, and Ivan Eland, author of Recarving Rushmore, discuss which presidents were the best and worst at promoting peace, prosperity, and liberty.
Experts: Ivan Eland, Ron Paul, Richard Shenkman, David J. TherouxType: TelevisionIssues: Defense and Foreign Policy, Government Power, History (U.S), Politics
David Theroux on ABC7 on Selling Government Land to Reduce California Deficit
Recorded: Tuesday, September 9, 2008
David Theroux proposes that California sell government land to reduce the states budget crisis in an ABC 7 MoneyScope report.
Experts: David J. TherouxType: TelevisionIssues: Fiscal Policy/Debt, Land Use
David Theroux on KTVU2 on Government Taxes and Spending
Recorded: Friday, April 15, 2005
David Theroux discusses the breakdown of U.S. government tax spending and reducing the burden placed on taxpayers in a KTVU Channel 2 report.
Experts: David J. TherouxType: TelevisionIssues: Fiscal Policy/Debt, Taxes


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An incredibly lightweight cleansing oil that leaves the skin clean, fresh and refined.
With the expertise in cleansing oil for half a century, our beloved fresh formula is powerfully reborn to target the source of oily concerns.
The water-like cleansing oil goes beyond make-up removal to dissolve and wash away excess sebum and blackheads that are stuck inside pores. No pulled or parched. The new formula, with cinnamon bark extract, regulates sebum secretion day after day. Shine is blotted and open pores appear shrunken. Blackheads are removed to reveal a refined, smooth skin.
ideal for normal to oily skin types and acne-prone skin.
see all makeup removers and cleansers
learn more about makeup removers and cleansing oils
Sakura leaf extract
Known to reduce inflammatory mediators that can cause skin redness. It also helps to improve skin texture.
Lipo ha
Salicylic acid derivatives helps gentle exfoliation for refined skin.
Cherry extract
Contains natural aha to remove dead skin cells, bringing smoothness to the skin and a refined complexion.


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IT Administrative AssistantMarch 12th, 2014 by Alicia Ruginis
Castle Branch, Inc. is searching for a full time administrative assistant to support the Chief Information Officer. You will assist with departmental specific reporting and data analysis, track spending and reconcile the IT budget. This position manages and tracks software licenses, assignments, purchase orders, order placement and purchase tracking. CIT degree preferred and IT experience a plus. Applications accepted until March 21, 2014. Send your resume to: email@example.com
Website: https://www.castlebranch.com


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June 18, 2008
Chase Goodbread
BamaOnLine.com's annual Southeastern Conference position rankings return this summer with a special emphasis on the SEC West, and rankings now divided by division. True freshmen are not listed. The series continues with a look at the offensive lines around the league.
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Friday, December 9, 2011
Prada Shades
15 comments:
- Esmeralda said...
Amazing Prada shades!!!
- December 9, 2011 at 4:24 PM
- Linnea said...
Such wonderful style
- December 9, 2011 at 4:34 PM
- Lauren said...
I'm looking past the Prada shades at her beautiful grey fur vest.
The Styleseer
- December 9, 2011 at 7:43 PM
- Jimy Escobedo said...
amo tu blog , Soy uno de sus grandes admiradores .
Pasate por el mi y espero te guste
- December 9, 2011 at 9:40 PM
- Ulla-Marie said...
... and with the lovely color combination purple / gray.
- December 9, 2011 at 11:22 PM
- Ahka Vintage said...
Chatting to perfect strangers is always fascinating. I like hearing what people think - they tend to open up more to a stranger who they may not ever see again, so don't feel like they would be judged.
Ahka Vintage Blog
- December 10, 2011 at 12:39 AM
- fixed-dosage injectable manufacturers said...
she z looking amazing. i have fallen for these prada shades
- December 10, 2011 at 5:36 AM
- Plop said...
These women are gorgeous ! They just don't care about trends or anything ! *_*
I was asking myself something. I've recently cut my hair short (i'm 21) and most people told me "You look great, far better with short hair", and guys would had "Even if it's a shame long hair doesn't suit you, it's so much better/sexier on women."
So I actually wonder why so many old ladies have short hair ? Does hair really become crappy over age ? Or do they find it easier to take care of and prettier ?
Did they simply stop to believe - as guys believe - that long hair = beautiful ? My grandma says hair doesn't look the same over age, but i'm still wondering.
- December 10, 2011 at 8:05 AM
- O D Y S S E Y said...
the color combination is lovely on her.
- December 10, 2011 at 11:25 AM
- স্বরলিপি said...
- December 11, 2011 at 5:16 AM
- Sylvie, enfin moi said...
Bravo, un blog résolument différent
Bonne soirée
- December 11, 2011 at 12:10 PM
- MyCatMabel said...
I just stumbled on this blog a few days ago and its so wonderful. I think older women can teach us so much, they are so full of wisdom and experience and have seen so many fashions come in and out of style.
I have made a animation based on rule books of the 1900s and though it is slightly irrelevant to this blog it is similar in its celebration of women in society. I hope you enjoy!
- December 11, 2011 at 4:20 PM
- sacramento said...
Thankgod for wearing her wrinkles with pride, and not looking like botox doll. The glasses just add to her grand style!!!
- December 12, 2011 at 2:11 PM
- Laura Nd said...
She's so chic ! Her lipstick and her glasses, what a good match <3 She seems to be so sweet !
- December 13, 2011 at 5:07 AM
- beckymonster said...
I love those shades in that color and her top is awesome. -b
- December 18, 2011 at 10:08 PM


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Carry this color and show your support for breast cancer research. Learn more about the Vera Bradley Foundation for Breast Cancer.
This style can be Personalized!
Learn more about Personalization
Jewel-like colors make these folders the perfect inspiration for clever thinking. At the same time, they protect and organize your vital work. Each cover is bright and bold, with a pattern that wraps around to the inside pockets. Four folders with two designs each and eight labels.
9½" x 11¾"


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Lanz Floral Bouquet Robe
Lanz's Floral Bouquet Robe Is As Beautiful As a Garden in Full Bloom
Lanz Floral Bouquet Robe
Lanz's Floral Bouquet Robe Is As Beautiful As a Garden in Full Bloom
Those first few weeks of summer when the peonies, roses, and lilacs are in bloom are captured in this ladies' robe. The bathrobe is beautifully trimmed with Lanz' signature ribbon and lace. Cap-sleeve robe features a full button front for step-in dressing, pintucked hem, and a generous drape. Approx. 52" long. 100% cotton lawn. Machine wash and dry. Imported. Available in both Misses' and Women's sizes.
- 100% cotton
- Eyelet and ribbon details
- Full button front
- Cap sleeves
The warmth and beauty of a sun-filled garden are replicated in the beautiful floral print of this ladies' Lanz robe.
Lanz Floral Bouquet Robe
Fire warning inside all woven garments as per Federal law.
100% Cotton Lawn
Machine wash in cold water on a gentle cycle with like colors. Use a non chlorine bleach if needed. Tumble dry on a low setting.
Manufactured In: China
Material - Country Of Origin: China


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It's always good to have someone watching over your place and making you feel safe and you'd be in great hands with the Candy Bowl Holder Captain America sitting at your door holding a big bowl of sweets. This tiny sized Captain America figure will serve tasty treats from the included bowl and give your place a patriotic feel as well.
Our Price: $34.99
Our Price: $38.99
Our Price: $9.99


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FORT WAYNE, Ind. (www.incnow.tv) – It's that time of the week, "Eyes Forward" Friday!
We're wearing these bracelets as a reminder to everyone watching to practice distraction-free driving. "Eyes Forward" Friday is sponsored by Lutheran Health Network, Lucky's Harley Davidson, Girl Scouts of Northern Indiana Michiana, and Fort Wayne Nissan.
What are your thoughts CLICK HERE to leave us a "QUESTION OF THE DAY" comment.
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Welcome to Savannah
Otherwise known as the Hostess City. In keeping with the spirit of this grand locale we welcome you to the Amethyst Garden inn. From tempting treats to graceful gardens, our goal as a Bed and Breakfast is to spoil you with the best Savannah has to offer. This house was built as a family home in 1888. Its many rooms hold happy memories of all who have made their home here. Our homemade breakfasts and relaxing atmosphere are sure to turn our colorful abode into your home away from home.
Especially for an historic vacation in Savannah, discover the quiet charm and elegance of the Savannah's own "Painted Lady" — Amethyst Garden. The family-friendly historic Savannah inn (10-rooms, circa 1888) is one of the city's first freestanding Victorian homes, uniquely confident and stalwart along a neat residential row of Gaston Street's "Painted Ladies".
Savannah, Georgia
- The most Romantic City in the South
- Most Beautiful Spring Destinations
- Best Weekend Getaway
- World's Biggest St. Patrick's Day Celebrations
- America's Best Food City
- Friendliest Cities in the USA
Events, festivals & attractions
Photo Gallery
Comfortable amenities, verandas and pool


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Worked With:
Oprah Winfrey
Birth Name: Oprah Winfrey
Born: 01/29/1954
Birth Place: Kosciusko, Mississippi, USA
Born: 01/29/1954
Birth Place: Kosciusko, Mississippi, USA
Winfrey was born Orpah Gail on Jan. 19, 1954 in Kosciusko, MS, and named after the Biblical character, Orpah. When people could not pronounce her name correctly, it was eventually changed to Oprah. Her birth parents were unmarried and her conception was the result of a one-night fling between teenaged mother Vernita Lee, a housemaid, and Vernon Winfrey, who was in the armed forces at the time. Winfrey spent her early years raised by her paternal grandparents on a Mississippi farm with no indoor plumbing, but while the living was hard, Winfrey credited her strict but fair grandmother Hattie Mae for giving her a positive image of herself and ultimately being the strongest influence in her life... Continue Bio >>
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my intrest are mainly music im a DJ in training. i also love being with my freinds and just having fun i love going out and having a massive night i love everything i can do or anything i want to do.
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Pablo PardoVenezuela (1962)
In the mid 1990s, a lamp by Pablo began appearing in hip restaurants in San Francisco and New York. Composed of a tear-drop, cast aluminum body and a sandblasted shade, the Sophie Lamp turned an ordinary table top into a dreamscape for intimate conversations. Coming from a family of designers, the work of Venezuelan-born Pablo Pardo is deceptively simple, often made from no more than a couple of materials, beautifully crafted and devoid of superflous details. Once in use, however, Pablo's lamps take on a new character that is much more experiential than simply visual. It is the experience rather than the look of an object that Pablo sought in his designs.
Trained as an industrial designer, Pardo cut his design teeth at DaimlerChrysler and Toylab (a San Diego-based toy consultancy) before opening his own studio in 1993. Since his first acclaimed designs such as the Sophie Lamp and the Piccola Lamp, a witty leather beanbag lamp that leans and sways like a drunken boxer (and the winner of ID magazine Annual Review), Pablo's designs have increased in technical sophistication without losing their pure form and poetic effects. Pablo's new IO task lamp, for instance, is on par with the best Italian lighting yet retains the wit and personality often lacking in contemporary design. "My goal is not to design another beautiful object," Pablo states, "it's about challenging how we see things." Pablo's designs shed new light on how we view our world.
|© 2016 Design Within Reach


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Aquarius is one of the twelve astrological signs in the western zodiac.[1] Every year, the sun is in this sign from 21 January to 18 February, and those born during this period are considered Aquariuses (also called Aquarians).[1] They are generally characterised as being friendly, honest, independent, and creative, but also stubborn, contrary, strange, and aloof.[2]
The Daily Prophet ran a horoscope for Aquarius and the other signs of the zodiac in the horoscope section featured on its back page by 1995.[3]
Known Aquariuses
Individuals known to have been born under this sign include:
- Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix (film) (mentioned in newspaper)
- The Making of Harry Potter (Mentioned only)
Notes and references
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Astrological sign on Wikipedia
- ↑ "Aquarius" on Astrology-Online.com
- ↑ Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix (film) (see this image)
- ↑ Harry Potter Page to Screen: The Complete Filmmaking Journey, p. 74 (see this image)
- ↑ Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows - Chapter 16 (Godric's Hollow)
- ↑ J.K. Rowling's Official Site - Birthday Calendar


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You can view your Admission Application Summary Status online.
First time users will need to do the following:
- Sign in using your User ID and PIN.
Your User ID should be listed in the letter sent to you. The User ID is case sensitive. By default, your initial PIN is 9 characters long and contains the following information: the last 4 digits of your Social Security Number, first 3 letters of your birth month (lower case), and the two numbers of your birth date. For example, if the last 4 digits of your Social Security Number are 1234 and your birthday is September 2, your initial PIN would be 1234sep02.
- Change your PIN and answer security questions.
You will be required to change your PIN the first time you log into WINGS Express. You will also be required to select two security questions and provide an answer to those questions.
Please note: Applications which are only missing a transcript showing proof of degree will not be delayed in processing.
If you experience a PIN LOCKOUT, you will need to have it reset. You can do this by contacting the Help Desk at (937) 775-4827
International students can contact the University Center for International Education at 937-775-4400 or firstname.lastname@example.com for a status check.


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Available Programs
Chapter 30: Montgomery G.I. Bill for Active Duty
Chapter 31: Veterans Vocational Rehabilitation
Chapter 32: Post-Vietnam Era Veterans Education Assistance (VEAP)
Chapter 33: Post-9/11 Bill
Chapter 35: Survivors and Dependent Educational Assistance Program
Chapter 1606: Montgomery G.I. Bill (Selected Reserve)
Chapter 1607: Reserve Educational Assistance Program (REAP)
MYCAA- Eligible active duty military spouse scholarship program https://aiportal.acc.af.mil/mycaa/
Federal Military Tuition Assistance- reference your service education office
See the GI Bill web site for more information about GI Bill benefits http://www.gibill.va.gov/benefits/index.html


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BDR Quick Start
From PostgreSQL wiki
This guide discusses how to quickly configure a test install of Bi-Directional Replication (BDR) for experimentation and learning. These instructions are not suitable for a production install, as they neglect security considerations, proper system administration procedure, etc. If you're trying to set up a production BDR install, see the BDR Admin Guide.
Creating and starting a test BDR install
To set up BDR you'll need to:
- Install a patched copy of PostgreSQL that can support BDR;
- initdb a new data directory or upgrade your current one to support BDR;
- Start one or more additional BDR-patched PostgreSQL instances for replication
- Logical senders and receivers on each node
For simplicitly this guide assumes that you want to start a new server instance rather than BDR-enable an existing one. As a further simplification, the instructions show the creation of multiple PostgreSQL instances on a single computer rather than the normal BDR deployment pattern of one instance per computer on multiple computers.
Installing the patched PostgreSQL binaries
BDR is distributed as code in the 2ndquadrant_bdr repository on git.postgresql.org. Source and binary packages are in progress. A script to compile BDR for test use is provided below.
PostgreSQL 9.3 and below do not support BDR, and 9.4 requires patches, so this guide will not work for you if you are trying to use a normal install of PostgreSQL. (It is expected that PostgreSQL 9.5 will support the BDR extension without additional patches).
BDR only supports Linux and Mac OS X. You cannot use BDR on Windows yet. There are no fundamental technical barriers to supporting Windows, but it has not been a priority of the project.
Compiling PostgreSQL with BDR
A script to download and compile BDR is provided for your convenience. For those who prefer to do it by hand, see installing BDR from source.
To run the script:
curl "http://git.postgresql.org/gitweb/?p=2ndquadrant_bdr.git;a=blob_plain;f=contrib/bdr/scripts/bdr_quickstart.sh;hb=refs/heads/bdr-next" | bash
(Now, on an aside, that script could've been almost anything. It's safer to download scripts like that, read them, then run the downloaded copy.)
When it finishes, the script will print:
--------------------------- BDR compiled and installed. Sources at /home/myuser/2ndquadrant_bdr/bdr-src Installed to /home/myuser/2ndquadrant_bdr/bdr Now add it to your PATH: export PATH=/home/myuser/2ndquadrant_bdr/bdr/bin:$PATH and carry on with the quickstart at https://wiki.postgresql.org/wiki/BDR_User_Guide ---------------------------
Adjusting your environment
To actually use these new binaries you will need to do as the quickstart script suggested and:
export PATH=$HOME/2ndquadrant_bdr/bdr/bin:$PATH
This only affects the terminal you ran it in and makes no permanent changes. For how to apply the change permanently see adjusting your environment.
Now check that you're using the BDR binaries by running:
psql --version
It should print something like:
psql (PostgreSQL) 9.4_bdr0601
that mentions BDR.
Creating BDR-enabled PostgreSQL instances
Since we're creating new PostgreSQL instances for this example, run:
initdb -D $HOME/2ndquadrant_bdr/bdr5598 -A trust -U postgres
initdb -D $HOME/2ndquadrant_bdr/bdr5599 -A trust -U postgres
to make two new PostgreSQL database server instances ("clusters").
The -A trust option tells PostgreSQL to turn off user authentication. This should never be used in production, it just keeps this quickstart simpler. Securely configuring BDR is covered in BDR Administration.
Start the server
We'll run the two servers on ports 5598 and 5599 respectively, so they don't conflict with each other or with PostgreSQL's default port 5432.
To start the servers, which won't yet be connected to each other, run:
PGPORT=5598 pg_ctl -l $HOME/2ndquadrant_bdr/bdr5598.log -D $HOME/2ndquadrant_bdr/bdr5598 -w start
PGPORT=5599 pg_ctl -l $HOME/2ndquadrant_bdr/bdr5599.log -D $HOME/2ndquadrant_bdr/bdr5599 -w start
Each server will start up, printing:
waiting for server to start.... done server started
If you instead get:
waiting for server to start........ stopped waiting pg_ctl: could not start server Examine the log output.
then take a look at $HOME/2ndquadrant_bdr/bdr5598.log or bdr5599.log (depending on which failed to start) to see what happened. Most likely you already have a server running on the target port or you're repeating a step and the BDR postgres server is already running on that port.
Create the databases
Each node needs a database to participate in BDR, so create them now:
createdb -p 5598 -U postgres bdrdemo createdb -p 5599 -U postgres bdrdemo
It is important that you leave the database on the server on port 5599 empty, since we'll be initializing it from the node on port 5598 shortly.
You can create some tables on the node on port 5598 and add some data now, if you like. To connect with psql, use:
psql -p 5598 -U postgres bdrdemo
Enable the BDR extension
You now have a running PostgreSQL server. It behaves like any ordinary PostgreSQL server at this point, but it's time to change that.
Add the following lines to the end of postgresq.conf for both servers ($HOME/2ndquadrant_bdr/bdr5598/postgresql.conf and $HOME/2ndquadrant_bdr/bdr5599/postgresql.conf):
# Generic settings required for BDR #---------------------------------- # Allow two other peer nodes, plus one for init_replica max_replication_slots = 3 # Two peer nodes, plus two slots for pg_basebackup max_wal_senders = 4 # Record data for logical replication wal_level = 'logical' track_commit_timestamp = on # Load BDR shared_preload_libraries = 'bdr'
This part of the configuration covers the generic settings required to use a two-node BDR configuration. They're discussed in more detail in the BDR Parameter Reference.
Now append this to the end of node 5598's configuration file ($HOME/2ndquadrant_bdr/bdr-5598/postgresql.conf) only:
# BDR connection configuration for node 5598 #------------------------------------------- bdr.connections = 'bdr5599' bdr.bdr5599_dsn = 'dbname=bdrdemo user=postgres port=5599' bdr.nodeB_dsn = 'dbname=bdr1 user=postgres port=5599' bdr.nodeB_local_dbname = 'bdr2' bdr.nodeB_init_replica = on bdr.nodeB_replica_local_dsn = 'dbname=bdr2 user=postgres port=5599'
and this to the end of node 5599's configuration file ($HOME/2ndquadrant_bdr/bdr-5598/postgresql.conf) only:
# BDR connection configuration for node 5599 #------------------------------------------- bdr.connections = 'bdr5598' bdr.bdr5598_dsn = 'dbname=bdrdemo user=postgres port=5598' bdr.bdr5598_init_replica = on bdr.bdr5598_replica_local_dsn = 'dbname=bdrdemo user=postgres port=5599'
These parts specify a two-node BDR configuration in which the bdrdemo database on the PostgreSQL instance on port 5598 is replicated to and from the bdrdemo database on the instance on port 5599. Each node has to be told how to connect to the other node(s) in its configuration file.
The init_replica option that appears only on node 5599 means that when BDR first starts on bdr5599, the bdrdemo database's contents are automatically copied from bdr5598 into bdr5599 so that replication can begin from a consistent point. (Explicit configuration of this will be removed in a later release).
Add a pg_hba.conf entry to allow replication
PostgreSQL requires that you explicitly enable replication in the host-based access control file pg_hba.conf. So edit $HOME/2ndquadrant_bdr/bdr5598/pg_hba.conf<tt> and add the following lines (or uncomment the ones already there):
local replication postgres trust host replication postgres 127.0.0.1/32 trust host replication postgres ::1/128 trust
... then do the same on <tt>bdr5599.
To learn more about this, see the docs on [1].
Restart the servers
Now that you've created the databases to use and configured BDR, it's time to restart the servers so BDR will get turned on. Use the same pg_ctl command, but with restart instead of start:
pg_ctl -l $HOME/2ndquadrant_bdr/bdr5598.log -D $HOME/2ndquadrant_bdr/bdr5598 -w restart
pg_ctl -l $HOME/2ndquadrant_bdr/bdr5599.log -D $HOME/2ndquadrant_bdr/bdr5599 -w restart
(Optional) Check the logs
Take a look at $HOME/2ndquadrant_bdr/bdr5599.log:
less $HOME/2ndquadrant_bdr/bdr-db.log
You should see a few lines like:
Dumping remote database "dbname=bdrdemo user=postgres port=5598" with 1 concurrent workers to "/tmp/postgres-bdr-0000076D-1.11322" Restoring dump to local DB "dbname=bdrdemo user=postgres port=5599" with 1 concurrent workers from "/tmp/postgres-bdr-0000076D-1.11322"
indicating that db1 has been copied to db2, then lines similar to:
LOG: starting background worker process "bdr (6028730235379497978,1,16385,): bdr5598: apply" DETAIL: streaming transactions committing after 0/19D1588, reading WAL from 0/19D01D0
In the log $HOME/2ndquadrant_bdr/bdr5598.log you won't see the lines about the dump and restore, since it's the first master. Just:
LOG: starting background worker process "bdr (6028730235379497978,1,16384,): bdr5599: apply" DETAIL: streaming transactions committing after 0/19D01D0, reading WAL from 0/19D0198
They won't be exactly the same, but this indicates normal startup.
At time of writing it's normal to get a CONFLICT message, a FATAL: Role "myusername" does not exist and a few other messages. These are cosmetic and will be removed in later releases.
Using your new BDR server
You can now connect to bdrdemo on port 5598 or port 5599 and make changes. The changes you make will get replicated to the other database.
To connect to 5598, use:
psql "port=5598 user=postgres dbname=bdrdemo"
For 5599, just change the port.
Example session
Here's an example showing a psql session:
Where to go from here?
You should now read the BDR Admin Guide, or just start experimenting.


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The Pegassi Bati 800 is a sports bike in the The Lost and Damned episodic pack for Grand Theft Auto IV.
DescriptionThe Bati 800 is depicted as an upmarket sports bike to match or beat the likes of the NRG 900. The bike is largely modeled on the Ducati 848 or the Ducati 1098, the tail unit bearing more of a resemblance to the self-supporting item of the Ducati Desmosedici RR minus the top-exit exhausts.
Even as its performance and light body weight is considerably good and already ranks above nearly all choppers in TLAD, the Bati 800 is a lower-end high-end bikes, with the slowest acceleration and top speed (297 kmph) among the Bati 800, Double T and Hakuchou. However, the bike's lower engine power is a blessing in disguise; it gives the bike better stability during accelerations and cornering, and minimizes excess burnouts and spinouts.
The Bati 800 is a gang vehicle of the Uptown Riders.
- A distinctive red and white Bati 800 can occasionally be found at the players safehouse or on the streets if the player is riding around on another Bati 800.
- A unique lime green and light orange Bati 800 can be found in the beginning of Malc's first random character encounter.
- The Bati Custom is a customized, sportier version of the Bati 800.
- Commonly spawns in Northwood and East Holland, Algonquin, where the Uptown Riders are commonly found.
- Bati 800s will spawn at the player's safehouses as a reward for completing Angus' Bike Thefts.
- The name Bati may be derived from the term "Batty" which is a derogatory slang term for a gay or effeminate man.
- This is further influenced by the name on the side of the bike "Bati 801," which can be read as "Batty Boy."
- "Bati" is also a filipino slang for masturbation.
- Contrary to its actual name, one of the bike's badges and the Uptown Rider's website give the bike's name as the "Bati 801", which was the beta bike name.
- The Bati 800 plays The Beat 102.7 by default when entered.
- The Bati 800's speedometer shows its highest listed speed as 190 MPH.


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Greg Daniels #81
The Latest: Are TEs finally going to be a factor for UT? — 8/19/2014
The TE position has been a non-factor for UT in recent years in the passing game, but the Texas coaches are confident that will change in 2014. Head inside to find out why. [details]


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BALTIMORE (AP) -- Chris Harris returned an interception 98 yards for a momentum-turning touchdown, and the Denver Broncos beat the skidding Baltimore Ravens 34-17 Sunday for their ninth straight victory.
Peyton Manning threw for 204 yards and a score in his ninth consecutive win against Baltimore, the first with the Broncos (11-3).
Down 10-0 late in the first half, the Ravens had a first-and-goal at the Denver 4 when Harris stepped in front of Anquan Boldin, picked off a pass by Joe Flacco and sprinted down the right sideline en route to the longest regular-season interception return in Broncos history.
The Ravens (9-5) were playing their first game under offensive coordinator Jim Caldwell, who replaced the fired Cam Cameron.
Baltimore's offense sputtered in the first half, gaining only 119 yards and committing two turnovers that led to 10 Denver points. It was the third straight loss for the Ravens.
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Fordham Mourns Former Chair of the Psychology Department
Contact: Joanna Klimaski
(212) 636-7175
Marvin Reznikoff, Ph.D., with Nancy Busch, Ph.D., dean of the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, at a dinner honoring Reznikoff during Communitas '09, the 75th anniversary celebration of the Department of Psychology.
Photo by Chris Taggart
The Fordham University community mourns the loss of Marvin Reznikoff, Ph.D., a longtime Fordham faculty member and former chair of the Department of Psychology, who died June 20. He was 88.
After earning a doctorate in clinical psychology from New York University in 1953, Reznikoff began his tenure at Fordham in 1968. He was chair of the psychology department for four years, from 1981 to 1985, and also directed Fordham's clinical training program. He was appointed professor emeritus in 1994.
During his nearly four decades teaching psychology at Fordham, Reznikoff mentored more than 80 doctoral candidates in the department—a school record—and received 14 research and training grants. He was known by his students and colleagues for his mentoring guidance, compassion, and inspiration.
At the 75th anniversary celebration of the psychology department in 2009, alumni and faculty of the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences hosted a dinner to honor Reznikoff, awarding him a
Sapientia et Doctrina
medal. The occasion was also used to announce the establishment of the Marvin Reznikoff Endowed Scholarship Fund, a scholarship aimed to provide support to psychology students in the final stages of their dissertation. His former students and colleagues said that the scholarship named in his honor was "a fitting honor for the professor described as a true 'man for others' who always gave great direction to new talent."
He published widely in journals and anthologies, and authored seven books, including
A Practical Guide to the Thematic Apperception Test: The TAT in Clinical Practice
(Taylor & Francis, Inc., 2001) and
The Rorschach Technique: Perceptual Basic, Content Interpretation, and Application
(Allyn & Bacon, Inc., 1994). Considered one of the world's experts on Rorschach tests, Reznikoff received numerous awards for his work in the area.
Prior to coming to Fordham, Reznikoff served as director of clinical psychology at the Institute of Living, one of the oldest mental health centers in the country. He was also an attending psychologist at New York Presbyterian Hospital and a clinical consultant for the State of Connecticut.
He was certified by the American Board of Professional Psychology, was a former fellow with the American Psychological Association, and was a past president of the Connecticut Psychological Association.
He is survived by his wife of 35 years, Linda Stapleton, of Stamford, Conn.; his children Anne Bratskeir of Sands Point, N.Y., Alexander of Newtown, Conn., and John of Wilton, Conn.; his stepdaughters Melissa Hoch of Stamford, Conn., and Victoria Crowley of Pittsburgh, Penn.; and 14 grandchildren.
A memorial service was held on Sunday, June 23 in Old Greenwich, Conn.
Contributions in his memory may be made to the Marvin Reznikoff Endowed Scholarship Fund at Fordham University care of:
Valerie K. Longwood
888 7th Avenue, 7th Floor
New York, NY 10019
Contributions may also be made online by
clicking here
. Select "Scholarships" and "Marvin Reznikoff Endowed Scholarship Fund" from the Fund Selection menu.
Founded in 1841, Fordham is the Jesuit University of New York, offering exceptional education distinguished by the Jesuit tradition to more than 15,100 students in its four undergraduate colleges and its six graduate and professional schools. It has residential campuses in the Bronx and Manhattan, a campus in West Harrison, N.Y., the Louis Calder Center Biological Field Station in Armonk, N.Y., and the London Centre at Heythrop College, University of London, in the United Kingdom.
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What is RM Cash
"Customer service is priority #1 at Rocky Mountain ATV/MC. We value our customers and strive to be the best shopping experience- when you buy from us, you are buying lifetime service."
-Dan Thomas, CEO and Founder
We take pride in offering no hassle returns. In the event of a return, please call, email or chat with us to receive a solution to the problem. For apparel that doesn't fit quite right, Click here to see our Fit Guaranteed Program.
We will stand behind all products we sell with regards to manufacturing defects in workmanship and material. Most products are limited to the manufacturer's warranty. However, we will do everything in our power to take care of the problem.
Each review submitted enters you into a $100 gift card monthly drawing, and a $500 gift card quarterly drawing!
Comments On Oct 15, 2013:The light seems to turn on just fine, but only worked when stopped for some reason. It does not flash while moving most of the time, but it starts flashing when stopped. Not sure about you, but I expected it to flash all the time while it was ON. And not very bright either. Needs some work by manufacturer. Not ready for sale yet.
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Comments On May 24, 2010:Bought four of these. one never worked out of the package, Two broke in half after a couple hours of normal riding. And the other one only worked 1/3 of the time, and wasn't very brieght.
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The goal of the Corporate backed republicans is to make labor as cheap here as it is in China. It is absolutely ridiculous that the stock markets are at an all time high, corporate profits are also at an all time high, yet our nation has seen none of that trickle-down that we were promised. How much longer are we going to sit idly by while our rights and liberties are being attacked on so many fronts?
New Study by National Employment Law Project Documents ALECs Attack on Wages
by PRW Staff March 5, 2013 - 6:42am
Topics: Right Wing, Economy, Labor, Lobbying
Projects: ALEC Exposed
Since the Center for Media and Democracy's launch of ALEC Exposed in July 2011, CMD has known that the American Legislative Exchange Council (ALEC) and its corporate funders are accelerating the race to the bottom in wages and working conditions for Americas working families. ALEC has a raft of model bills to lower wages and slash benefits for workers, even one to repeal state minimum wage laws.
Now the National Employment Law Project (NELP) has joined in the effort to take a closer look at this ALEC agenda, tallying the bills introduced and pushed in states in the last few years.
In an issue brief called "The Politics of Wage Suppression: Inside ALECs Legislative Campaign Against Low-Paid Workers, NELP has documented that since January 2011, legislators from 31 states have introduced 105 bills aiming to repeal or weaken core wage standards at the state and local level, and 67 of these 105 bills were directly sponsored or co-sponsored by legislators affiliated with ALEC.
ALEC legislators have worked to weaken wage standards at the state level by repealing state minimum wage laws, reducing minimum wage rates for youth and tipped workers, weakening overtime compensation policies, and preventing the establishment of local living wage and prevailing wage ordinances, says NELP.
State legislatures have historically served as crucial sources of momentum for passing federal legislation to raise the wages of low-paid workers. ALECs focus on weakening or repealing critical labor standards at the state level threatens the wages and economic security of workers across the country, said Christine Owens, executive director of NELP.
ALECs wage suppression agenda targets workers in the low-wage sectors that are forming the core of the U.S. economy: according to a study released in August 2012 by NELP, 60 percent of jobs lost during the recession were middle-wage and high-wage occupations, while 58 percent of jobs gained in the recovery have been low-wage occupations.
Read the new report here and check out NELPs handy chart of bills for a look at what is happening in your state.


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May 6, 2016
After last week's homicide in Greenville, 2 city council members organized a community safety awareness meeting for 6:00 p.m. Tuesday night at Cornerstone Missionary Baptist Church in Greenville. Meanwhile, police told us they would spend the week after the fatal shooting stepping up patrols and looking out for suspicious activity in the area. Neighbors say the department is making good on its promise.
A mobile police unit is parked at the intersection of Westpointe Drive and Westridge Court in Greenville near the scene of the murder of 36-year-old Anthony Johnson. Officers told us Friday they planned to be there around the clock for the next week or two. One resident we spoke to Monday says the neighborhood is finally being restored thanks to the increased police presence.
"Just before the violence, it was great. I had no concerns, but with the recent violence... and i think they had a drug problem over here recently and everything and seeing the police in the area. Since that time it's been a good feeling," said Westpointe Resident John Edwards.
Greenville City Council members Kandie Smith and Dennis Mitchell. organized the community meeting for Tuesday night. They plan to have police, the mayor, and a representative of the district attorney's office available to take questions and listen to concerns about recent violence.
Click Here to access the online Public Inspection File
Viewers with disabilities can get assistance accessing this station's FCC Public Inspection File by contacting the station with the information listed below. Questions or concerns relating to the accessibility of the FCC's online public file system should be directed to the FCC at 888-225-5322, 888-835-5322 (TTY), or firstname.lastname@example.com.


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Credit: © Pascal Le Segretain/Getty Images
Jessica Alba (Jul 1st, 2012)
Jessica Alba showed off an edgier look with a smoky eye and waves at Paris Fashion Week.
Styling Tip
Step 1: Massage volumizing mousse into wet hair, then blow-dry with a large round brush. Apply some tension while rolling the hair up at the root.
Step 2: Use a 2-inch curling iron to create loose waves. Brush out with fingertips.
Step 3: Create a side part and clip a small section back with a bobby pin.
Step 4: Set the hair with hairspray and dry shampoo to hold shine.Try on celebrity hairstyles in the Makeover Studio!


text:
LHR to MAN
Fly direct from London to Manchester and arrive relaxed and raring to go.
Fly with British Airways and enjoy award-winning service, excellent value for money and no hidden charges:
Fly direct from London to Manchester and arrive relaxed and raring to go.
Make your way north and soak in the friendly atmosphere of England's second city with British Airways. Our flights from London to Manchester deliver you direct to your destination in under an hour, so you can spend less time travelling and more time making the most of the city. Whether visiting for business or pleasure, be sure to sample what makes Manchester great; indulge in incredible shopping opportunities, try out diverse international cuisine, throw yourself into the lively Manchester music scene or catch a game at Old Trafford - home to the world famous Mancherster United Football Club.
With a choice of flights leaving every day from London Heathrow, it's never been easier to get to Manchester at a time that suits you best. Take advantage of our convenient online or mobile check-in options and relax in comfort as we whisk you up north in no time.
Our convenient and regular flights from London Heathrow (LHR) arrive at Manchester Airport (MAN) in just 55 minutes, making it the easiest and fastest way to travel between the UK's two largest cities.
Our direct flights from London to Manchester leave multiple times every day, making it easy to find a flight time to suit you. Choose to fly with hand baggage only or pick a price that includes a 23kg checked baggage allowance and free seat selection 24 hours before you fly - both options include complimentary on-board drinks and snacks.
Manchester Airport is well connected to local transport links with a variety of public transport options taking you to and from the airport. Onarrival, passengers can make their way to The Station, an intergrated transport hub with train services from the airport to central Manchester and numerous destinations further afield. Taxis can also be hired in the main concourse of each terminal in the arrivals building.
Get ready for your stay in Manchester with some useful facts to make your arrival stress-free.
- Local Area Code: 0161
BA Star Rating
TripAdvisor rating
528 reviews
BA Star Rating
TripAdvisor rating
802 reviews
BA Star Rating
TripAdvisor rating
4360 reviews


text:
38 U.S. Code Chapter 37, Subchapter V - DIRECT HOUSING LOANS FOR NATIVE AMERICAN VETERANS
2006—Pub. L. 109–233, title I, § 103(f)(1),June 15, 2006, 120 Stat. 400, substituted "DIRECT HOUSING LOANS FOR NATIVE AMERICAN VETERANS" for "NATIVE AMERICAN VETERAN HOUSING LOAN PILOT PROGRAM" in subchapter heading.
LII has no control over and does not endorse any external Internet site that contains links to or references LII.


text:
10 Charming Chesterfield Sofas
There's something intrinsically luxurious and old fashioned about a Chesterfield sofa. All that tufting! Those curved arms! There's just so much to love. Which is probably why the Chesterfield has remained a classic style over the years. Here's a roundup of Chesterfields for every style and budget — from classic to modern, low end and high.
• Higgins Sofa from Decades Starting at $1,799
• Beverly Sofa from Williams Sonoma Home $3,200
• Thackery Chesterfield from Anthropologie $799.95
• Stanford Sofa from Chesterfields 1780 Starting at $2,300
• Gordon Tufted Sofa from Home Decorators $799
• Black Chesterfield Sofa from Modani $1,199
• Leather Chesterfield Sofa from Pottery Barn $2,799
• Kensington Upholstered Sofa from Restoration Hardware Starting at $2,460
• Gramercy Sofa from Urban Outfitters $779
• Chadwick Sofa from Ethan Allen $2,399
• Unsolved Mystery: The Obscure Origins of the Chesterfield
• Design Classics: Chesterfield Sofas
• Chesterfield Sofa Made from an Unexpected Material
(Images: As credited above.)


text: This iconic Gucci Vintage Web Boston Bag is in PRE-LOVED condition (moderate use). It is made from traditional black diamante canvas trimmed in tonal leather and accented with a central web stripe and gold-tone hardware. The top handles and bottom corners show moderate wear. There are minor scuffs on the leather and hardware. There are several marks on the interior.


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Howard Goodall - Winter Lullabies / Stephen Darlington
1 CD / Gift Of Music / 2006-08-01Works: César Franck: Panis angelicus; Charles Gounod: La salutation angélique (Angelic Greeting), song for voice, piano, violin or cello & organ ad lib.; Franz Schubert: Psalm 23, D 706/Op. 13...
Performers: Finch, Catrin
The Boys of Christ Church Cathedral Choir, Oxford. An exciting major commission from Howard Goodall, the TV star and composer of 'The Vicar of Dibley'...continue...
read more Login or Create an Account to write a review


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Team Registration for 2015 - 2016 HAS ARRIVED. The Team Registration process requires selection of your club from a drop down list. If your club is not listed, please contact club leadership.
The link for Team Registration is in the fifth paragraph below and has been updated for the 2015 - 2016 seasonal year.
NOTE: It is REQUIRED for all head coaches to have, at minimum, an E License (equivalent or higher). Visit this link to learn about the courses offered. Contact our Director of Coaching (email@example.com) should your coach have any questions.
After all your adults have become registered registrants the Primary Team Contact (PTC - whoever is responsible for making changes to the team's roster in the online system) will go into the Team Registration step. This step registers the team in the Youth Leagues USA system and emails the PTC an ID/PW. Check out the PTC Registration Guide for additional assistance.
To sign into your Team's Database visit this PTC Sign-In link. This link will allow the PTC to enter their players onto a roster and print the player passes, forms, and roster. *If using a Mac, please note that only Mozilla Firefox is compatible with the Youth leagues system.
Click here for digital photo guidelines.
After you have registered your team in the system you will be able to go into your team information and view the amount owed to your club; this money will need to be sent to your club.


text:
Occasion symbols included:
Specify up to 18 characters, including "The", if desired.
Sentiment on canvas: Proud to be American
Specify up to 18 characters and spaces.
Specify 1 line, up to 18 characters.
Specify name or message up to 18 characters. "The" is not preprinted.
Specify name, up to 12 characters.
Specify 2 lines up to 20 characters each.
Celebrate your patriotism and the spirit of '76 with this colonial-style depiction of American pride. 144 self-adhesive 2 3/8" x 1 1/8" address labels per set.
©Dan Morris
Specify 1st line up to 35 characters and 2nd line up to 50 characters.
Specify one line up to 18 characters.
Specify name up to 24 characters.
Choose one set of two, or save even more when you buy four sets of two (eight buntings).
Finished & Ready-to-Hang Canvas Print
Money$aving Do-It-Yourself YouFrame® Canvas Kit
*The 24" x 36" canvas requires an additional delivery fee. The charge is in addition to regular shipping and handling fees and will be indicated in your Shopping Cart. This item cannot be sent using expedited delivery.


text:
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Meet the Beatles: A Cultural History of the Band That Shook Youth, Gender, and the World (Paperback)
Usually Ships in 1-5 Days
The Beatles have profoundly touched the lives of millions. But have you ever wondered why? Why did they become the most powerful artists in history and one of the twentieth century's major symbols of cultural transformation? Meet the Beatles answers those questions and more as it examines the ways the lives of John, Paul, George, and Ringo were inextricably tied to the cultural revolutions their music helped inspire. From their long hair and interest in India to their drug use and admiration for strong women, the Beatles changed the way we look, the way we feel, and even the way we think. This is the book for those who have always been infatuated with the Beatles, as well as those who want to learn for the first time what it all really meant.
About the Author
Steven D. Stark is a writer and cultural commentator. He has been the popular culture analyst for National Public Radio's Weekend Edition Sunday; a contributor to The World, a daily public radio show coproduced by WGBH and the BBC; and a commentator for CNN's Showbiz Today. The author of Glued to the Set and Writing to Win, he has written extensively for the Boston Globe, New York Times, Los Angeles Times, and the Atlantic Monthly. He has been a Beatles fan since he was a boy and the Beatles first hit America on February 7, 1964.
Praise For…
"A volume worthy of its subjects . . . thoughtful, provocative, and valuable"
-Washington Post Book World
"Insightful . . . Stark embeds the band in ideas and movements"
"[A] remarkably fresh perspective . . . Stark's style, though scholarly, is incisive and altogether entertaining."
-Knoxville News-Sentinel
"A thorough biography of the band . . . Stark is sharp and insightful"
-Publishers Weekly
"At the forefront of a 'new wave' of Beatles studies"
-Boston Globe Sunday Magazine
"A clear, new picture of the Beatles as pop-culture phenomenon. . . . thoughly entertaining and engaging"
-Buffalo News


text:
Important note: This Wiki page is edited by participants of the EOWG. It does not necessarily represent consensus and it may have incorrect information or information that is not supported by other Working Group participants, WAI, or W3C. It may also have some very useful information.
Difference between revisions of "Web Accessibility Preliminary Evaluation"
(→Check the page title [mostly drafted])
(→Forms [Sharron is drafting])
|Line 273:
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===Forms [Sharron is drafting]===
===Forms [Sharron is drafting]===
===Tables [open for drafting]===
===Tables [open for drafting]===
Revision as of 22:53, 17 November 2012
Nav: EOWG wiki main page > Evaluation Pages
Old page on WAI website: Prelim Eval
- A template for the check items is at the top of the discussion tab.
- For tasks, example user cases with audience, and focus for this and related documents, see the Eval Analysis page
- For previous drafts and contributed material, see:
- Old page with Denis' edits and Ian's input in Preliminary Eval - old notes
- Extensive revisions and suggestions at Archived_Work_on_PreLimEval
- From Wayne & Tom Prelim Eval input: Smart analysis simplified
Important Note: For this draft we have some tool-specific guidance. However, there are potential issues with vendor-neutraility and we might need to address this a different way — for example, moving tool-specific guidance to WebPlatform Docs or the WAI-Engage wiki where people can easily add other tools.
- 1 Preliminary Review|Evaluation: Checking the Accessibility of a Web Page
- 1.1 Introduction
- 1.2 Quick Checks
- 1.3 A Deeper Look
- 1.3.1 Check text descriptions for images [mostly drafted]
- 1.3.2 Check headings and other semantic structure [some parts drafted]
- 1.3.3 Check keyboard access
- 1.3.4 Visible focus [mostly drafted]
- 1.3.5 Check the page title [mostly drafted]
- 1.3.6 Check link text [partly drafted]
- 1.3.7 Check usable with page zoomed and text enlarged [Suzette is drafting]
- 1.3.8 Check color contrast [Wayne is drafting]
- 1.3.9 Check color coding [open for drafting]
- 1.3.10 Content order [open for drafting]
- 1.3.11 Video, Sound, (multimedia)
- 1.3.12 Forms [Sharron is drafting]
- 1.3.13 Tables [open for drafting]
- 1.3.14 Check flickering, flashing, blinking [open for drafting]
- 1.3.15 WAI-ARIA [Wayne is drafting (although probably not including this one)]
- 1.3.16 Time-dependent responses [probably not including this one]
- 1.3.17 Window resize [probably not including this one]
- 1.3.18 Validate HTML & CSS [probably not including this one]
- 1.3.19 Check usable without CSS, javascript [Wayne is drafting (though maybe not including this one)]
- 1.3.20 Use an evaluation tool [probably won't include this generically]
- 1.4 More Thorough Evaluation
- 1.5 Contributors
Important Note: For this draft we have some tool-specific guidance. However, there are potential issues with vendor-neutraility and we might need to address this a different way — for example, moving tool-specific guidance to WebPlatform Docs or the WAI-Engage wiki where people can easily add other tools.
Preliminary Review|Evaluation: Checking the Accessibility of a Web Page
Testing and evaluating a web site for accessibility may seem intimidating but it need not be. There are simple ways to check on some basic features that do not require special skills or tools beyond your browser controls. Here you will find two approaches to doing Preliminary Evaluation of your pages. The first is a Quick Check - a list of 5 things you can do in 5 minutes. The second, while not a full conformance validation of WCAG2 Guidelines, will help ensure basic accessibility across a broader range of issues. While the second can quickly determine if the most important elements of a web page can be used by most persons with disabilities, it also requires more knowledge of accessibility principles and a few testing tools.
... @@ first run on good BAD page to see what it should look like, then on the bad page ...
Quick Checks
Here are 5 things you can do to quickly check for accessibility barriers on a web page:
{EOWG note: Let's work on the longer section first, then decide what we can move up to the quick checks section later.
- First thing.
- Second thing.
- Third thing.
- Fourth thing.
- Fifth thing.
Once you have taken this quick dip you may be ready to dive a bit deeper. The next section provides more context and additional things you can do to check for accessibility barriers.
A Deeper Look
If you are interested in a more comprehensive look at the page(s), here more tests that require a little more time, skills, and/or tools.
{reminder: A template for the check draft items is at the top of the discussion tab.}
Check text descriptions for images [mostly drafted]
EOWG notes - importance: HIGH; 5min?: yes.
Text alternatives convey the purpose of an image or function to provide an equivalent user experience for a user who may not see the images. For instance, a text alternative for a search button is "search".
What to do
- Disable images in the browser
- Turn off CSS in the browser
- Use free checking tools to list the text alternatives (or lack of them) for all graphic elements
- If content is multimedia, see also
What to look for
If the images are CSS (background images), visually inspect when CSS is disabled to ensure that no meaningful element is removed from the content
For content delivered as an HTML img element, examine the result and follow this decision tree. For each element of type img:
- Is there an attribute of type alt?
- No: Item fails, this check is complete.
- Yes: Continue on
- Is the image purely decorative?
- No: Continue on
- Yes: Verify that alt="". Test complete
- Is image the only content of a link or form control?
- No: Continue on
- Yes: Verify that the alt attribute clearly communicates the destination of the link or action taken.
- Is image link also present as link text nearby?
- No: Continue on
- Yes: ensure that image and text are both within one anchor tag and that alt="". Test complete.
- Does image contain text?
- No: Continue on
- Yes: Is image text also available as real text nearby?
- No: Verify that the alt attribute echoes the onscreen text exactly. Test complete.
- Yes: Verify that alt="" Test complete.
- Does the image contribute meaning to the current page or context?
- No: Continue on
- Yes: Is image a simple graphic or photo?
- Yes: Verify that alt="brief description of image meaning". Also verify that brief description does NOT contain words like photo, image, picture, graphic, etc, unless intrinsic to the meaning. Test complete.
- No: Is image visually complex (for example, a graph, chart, or other image of complex meaning)?
- Yes: Verify that alt="brief description" AND that there is also an explanation of the full information as a caption, a data table, a long description, or a paragraph positioned off screen that provides equivalent meaning. Test complete.
- Text alternatives for non-text content section in Accessibility Principles
- Understanding Success Criteria 1.1.1 (LevelA)
- Examples of incorrect, missing, or inadequate alt text from WAI's Before and After Demo
- Text that is actually an image.
- Important image should have alt text that provides adequate alternative of the image for people who cannot see it...
- Image that doesn't convey important information...
- @@ Some guidance on not saying things like "this is an image..." or "this is a link..."
Check headings and other semantic structure [some parts drafted]
EOWG notes - importance: HIGH; level: easy.
... @@ brief summary of why & what to check for ... See also:
What you're looking for: @@
- Does the page have any headings?
- Are the things that look like headings that aren't marked up as heading?
- Are there things that are marked up as headings that aren't really headings?
Checking with WAVE
- Open WAVE
- Enter the web page:
- If the website is online: Enter a web site address and click the "WAVE the page!" button.
- ... Upload a file...
- ... Check HTML code...
- Check headings:
- ...
- Check lists:
- ...
Checking headings with HTML Validator
- Open the W3C HTML Validator (The W3C Markup Validation Service).
- Select the appropriate tab and input the page:
- If the web page is online, leave the Validate by URI tab selected.
In the Address field, type the URI (e.g., www.w3.org).
- If the web page is on your local computer, click the Validate by File Upload tab.
In the File field, select "Choose..." and find the file on your computer.
- If you will paste the HTML code/markup, Validate by Direct Input tab.
Paste your HTML in the Enter the Markup to validate: field.
- If the web page is online, leave the Validate by URI tab selected.
- Click the More Options link.
- Select the Outline checkbox.
- Click the Check button.
- In the results page at the top, click the Outline link.
- Compare the Document Outline to the visual rendering of the page.
- Are the things that look like headings listed in the Document Outline?
- Are there things in the Document Outline that aren't really headings?
Check keyboard access
EOWG notes - importance: HIGH; 5 min?: some yes.
Many people do not use the mouse and rely on the keyboard to interact with the Web. This requires keyboard access to all functionality, including links, form controls, input, and other user interface components.
What To Do
- Click in the address bar, then put your mouse aside and don't use it.
- Press the 'tab' key to move around the page.
(see also Forms)
(see also Visible Focus)
What To Look For
- Can you tab to all the elements, including links, form fields, buttons, and media player controls? Are there any actions you can't get to (e.g., if they are only available on mouse hover)?
- Does the focus get stuck anywhere - that is, you can tab into a control but not out? (called a "keyboard trap")?
- Does the order that items get focus make sense to sighted users? (e.g., you don't jump around the page out of order logically)
- Can you tab right through to the bottom of the page and then resume again from the top? (e.g. you don't get stuck anywhere and can't move on)
- If there is a drop-down box (for example, for navigating to a different page): If you tab into the drop-down box, can you use the down/up arrow keys to move through the options, and @@use 'tab' to the following item@@? (Make sure it doesn't automatically select the first item.)
- Functionality is available from a keyboard
- Browsing the Web by Keyboard section in Better Web Browsing: Tips for Customizing Your Computer
- Example: web page template that does not enable keyboard access from the WAI Before and After Demo (BAD)
- Mac browsers by default only tab through forms, will need to turn on...
- not work easily in Opera...
- ...
Visible focus [mostly drafted]
NOTE: Should this be merged with the section above?
EOWG notes - importance: @@; 5min?: @@.
Use keyboard only navigation to ensure that a user who relies on the keyboard will be able to know which element among multiple elements has the keyboard focus. This is an important element in facilitating success for keyboard users to operate the page, by letting them visually determine the component on which keyboard operations will interact at any point in time. People with attention limitations, short term memory limitations, or limitations in executive processes benefit by being able to discover where the focus is located.
What to do
- Use the keyboard to set the focus to all focusable elements on the page.
What to look for
- Visually examine progress through elements and verify that the focus indicator is visible.
- Common failures occur when the default focus indicator is turned off in CSS or when the element is styled with borders that occlude the focus indicator.
- Verify that any visual changes that occur with mouse hover also are triggered with keyboard focus
- Focus Visible - Understanding Success Criteria 2.4.7 (Level A)
- [Found no relevant BAD example, Shadi is checking]
- [nothing specific in Accessibility Requirements page]
Check the page title [mostly drafted]
EOWG notes - importance: medium; 5min?: yes.
@@ add image showing only a few words with multiple tabs in browser...
Page titles are the first information read by a screen reader; useful for when users have multiple web pages opens, e.g., on different tabs and go between different windows. (Also good for adding to bookmarks & also search engine results.)
What to do
- Look at the browser's window title bar.
- Look at titles of other pages within the site.
What to look for
- Verify that the title indicates the specific page and website and distinguishes the current page from others in the set of pages.
- Make sure that every page in the site does not have the same title.
- Check that the specific page title is listed BEFORE the name of the website. (for example, About Us - Our Long Web Site Name)
- Page Titled- Understanding SC 2.4.2
- Consider if the page titles of all of the Before and After Demo had been the same. Instead, each has a distinctive name that identifies its function within the set of pages.
- Some browsers don't show title in browser title bar (Chrome, IE)
Check link text [partly drafted]
EOWG notes - importance: @@; 5min?: @@.
Wording the text that is linked to indicate clearly where the link goes or what the link does. Some people use a list of links where they don't see the text around it. See also:
- Link Purpose (In Context): Understanding SC 2.4.4 (Level A)
- Link Purpose (Link Only): Understanding SC 2.4.9 (Level AAA)
Check this
- @@
- @@
Common failures:
- Link text is something like "Click here" or "More" without any additional clarifying text.
- List links (Can't find this in regular Firefox but easy in Opera where you can get a list of links from the standard tools menu, showing both title and url)
- Issue - titles... (Ian P says never use titles on links, Sylvie agrees.)
Check usable with page zoomed and text enlarged [Suzette is drafting]
- Zoom to 200%
- Text-only enlargement... (e.g., text actually changes in IE)
Check color contrast [Wayne is drafting]
Check color coding [open for drafting]
Content order [open for drafting]
Video, Sound, (multimedia)
EOWG notes - importance: high/medium/low; 5min?: some/yes/no/.is this appropriate for the short list at the top?).
What to do
- Play the audio content
- Play the video content
- Toggle closed captions on (if available)
- Toggle audio description on (if available)
What to look for
- Captions:
- Verify that they synchronized to the spoken content
- Ensure they are accurate and complete (not missing any content)?
- Verify that they are properly formed? (correct spelling, sentence structure, punctuation)
- Make sure that audio content other than dialogue is inlcuded (music, relevant ambient sounds, etc)
- Audio Description
- (Judgement call) Watch the video content to verify that audio description is needed for complete understanding.
- If needed, verify that they are provided in a separate track that can be toggled on and that they provide context for those who do not see the video.
- Transcript: As a fall-back when captions and audio descriptions are not provided, check to see if there is text-based content that contains dialogue, any other audio content, and any necessary description of video content. Check for spelling and accuracy.
(see also keyboard access for player controls)
(see also text alternatives for graphic content)
- Multi Media FAQs from the W3C
- Understanding WCAG SC 1.2.2 Captions(Level A)
- Understanding 1.2.5 Audio Description(Level A)
[can be internal notes for now or maybe will be included in final doc]
- ...
Forms [Sharron is drafting]
EOWG notes - importance: high/medium/low; 5min?: some/yes/no/.is this appropriate for the short list at the top?).
One or two sentences on what this is and why it is important — ideally wording directly from the Accessibility Requirements page or Understanding WCAG 2.0.
What to do
- steps to check the item
What to look for
- What *should* happen.
- What are common failures occur when ... list or narrative, as appropriate
- link to {appropriate section in Accessibility Requirements page}
- link to Handle - Understanding Success Criteria x.x.x (Level xx)
- link to {BAD example}
[can be internal notes for now or maybe will be included in final doc]
- ...
Tables [open for drafting]
Check flickering, flashing, blinking [open for drafting]
WAI-ARIA [Wayne is drafting (although probably not including this one)]
(note: not a requirement for accessibility and WAI-ARIA is not finalized yet, so probably won't include WAI-ARIA in the 15 minute check)
Time-dependent responses [probably not including this one]
Window resize [probably not including this one]
... probably too complex an issue for preliminary eval ...
Validate HTML & CSS [probably not including this one]
Note: Validation not WCAG requirement...
- ...
- Check that the document language is declared
Check usable without CSS, javascript [Wayne is drafting (though maybe not including this one)]
NOTE: Shadi notes this is not a WCAG requirement
NOTE: Wayne notes this is a technique for finding WCAG compliance problems (not that it is a requirement itself)
- Disable CSS
- core content available
- check images, check content displayed or not displayed (e.g., display:none), sequence
- links
- ...
Reasonable display without style is a US Section 508 requirement, and is a significant weakening of accessibility in WCAG 2.0. I think this needs to be discussed. Most pages than cannot pass this, cannot pass SC 1.4.4 (Resize Text). Also, pages that pass this pass SC 1.4.4 . The user applies no style, then enlarges at will. I will cover this. Wayne
Use an evaluation tool [probably won't include this generically]
- Use one-page auto checker
EOWG discussion:
- There are a number of simple tools where you just put in the URL of the page of interest and the results are returned automatically eg WAVE and TAW. The results aren't necessarily so easy to interpret if you are a newbie to accessibility. Perhaps we should put this after the top 5 easy checks - and add a paragraph to confirm the benefits and limitations, or discuss some of the common types of problem found {Suzette}
More Thorough Evaluation
@@ point to Conformance Evaluation page and WCAG-EM.
Thanks to:
- Those who drafted items for EOWG to review on Thursday 15 November:
- {name} for drafting {section}
- {name} for drafting {section}
- Andrew & Shawn for editing the keyboard access & visual focus section in early Nov.
- Ian, Suzette, Vicki, Sylvie, Helle, Shawn for working on an early draft at the f2f in Nov.
- Sharron for help making all the drafts and versions less confusing.
- Wayne and Ian for sharing colleagues' related work.
- Denis for edits to the old page content.