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Ecosystem services fact sheet
Solitary bee (Anthidium florentinum), feeding on a Lantana camara flower (By Alvesgaspar (Own work) [GFDL (http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html) or CC-BY-SA-3.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0)], via Wikimedia Commons)
This ecosystems services fact sheet is intended to provide an overview of the subject of ecosystem services, e.g. the economic consequences to humankind of benefits provided by the natural environment. This fact sheet was originally developed by the Ecological Society of America (ESA).
Have you ever considered that the cereal you eat is brought to you each morning by the wind, or that the glass of clear, cold, clean water drawn from you faucet may have been purified for you by a wetland or perhaps the root system of an entire forest? Trees in your front yard work to trap dust, dirt, and harmful gases from the air you breathe. The bright fire of oak logs you light to keep warm on cold nights and the medicine you take to ease the pain of an ailment come to you from Nature's warehouse of services. Natural ecosystems perform fundamental life-support services upon which human civilization depends. Unless human activities are carefully planned and managed, valuable ecosystems will continue to be impaired or destroyed.
What Are Ecosystem Services?
Ecosystem Services are the processes by which the environment produces resources that we often take for granted such as clean water, timber, and habitat for fisheries, and pollination of native and agricultural plants. Whether we find ourselves in the city or a rural area, the ecosystems in which humans live provide goods and services that are very familiar.
Ecosystems provide services that:
- Moderate weather extremes and their impacts
- Disperse seeds
- Mitigate drought and floods
- Protect people from harmful ultraviolet rays in sunlight
- Cycle and move nutrients
- Protect stream and river channels and coastal shores from erosion
- Detoxify and decompose wastes
- Control agricultural pests
- Maintain biodiversity
- Generate and preserve soils and renew their fertility
- Contribute to climate stability
- Purify the air and water
- Regulate disease carrying organisms
- Pollinate crops and natural vegetation
An ecosystem is a community of animals and plants interacting with one another and with their physical environment. Ecosystems include physical and chemical components, such as soils, water, and nutrients that support the organisms living within them. These organisms may range from large animals and plants to microscopic bacteria. Ecosystems include the interactions among all organisms in a given habitat. People are part of ecosystems. The health and wellbeing of human populations depends upon the services provided by ecosystems and their components - organisms, soil, water, and nutrients.
What Are Ecosystem Services Worth?
Natural ecosystems and the plants and animals within them provide humans with services that would be very difficult to duplicate. While it is often impossible to place an accurate monetary amount on ecosystem services, we can calculate some of the financial values. Many of these services are performed seemingly for "free", yet are worth many trillions of dollars, for example:
- Much of the Mississippi River Valley's natural flood protection services were destroyed when adjacent wetlands were drained and channels altered. As a result, the 1993 floods resulted in property damages estimated at twelve billion dollars partially from the inability of the Valley to lessen the impacts of the high volumes of water.
- Eighty percent of the world's population relies upon natural medicinal products. Of the top 150 prescription drugs used in the U.S., 118 originate from natural sources: 74 percent from plants, 18 percent from fungi, 5 percent from bacteria, and 3 percent from one vertebrate (snake species). Nine of the top 10 drugs originate from natural plant products.
- Over 100,000 different animal species - including bats, bees, flies, moths, beetles, birds, and butterflies - provide free pollination services. One third of human food comes from plants pollinated by wild pollinators. The value of pollination services from wild pollinators in the U.S. alone is estimated at four to six billion dollars per year.
Before it became overwhelmed by agricultural and sewage runoff, the watershed of the Catskill Mountains provided New York City with water ranked among the best in the Nation by Consumer Reports. When the water fell below quality standards, the City investigated what it would cost to install an artificial filtration plant. The estimated price tag for this new facility was six to eight billion dollars, plus annual operating costs of 300 million dollars - a high price to pay for what once was free. New York City decided instead to invest a fraction of that cost ($660M) in restoring the natural capital it had in the Catskill's watershed. In 1997, the City raised an Environmental Bond Issue and is currently using the funds to purchase land and halt development in the watershed, to compensate property owners for development restrictions on their land, and to subsidize the improvement of septic systems.
How Are Ecosystem Services "Cut Off" ?
Ecosystem services are so fundamental to life that they are easy to take for granted and so large in scale that it is hard to imagine that human activities could destroy them. Nevertheless, ecosystem services are severely threatened through (1) growth in the scale of human enterprise (population size, per-capita consumption, and effects of technologies to produce goods for consumption) and (2) a mismatch between short-term needs and long-term societal well-being.
Many human activities disrupt, impair, or re-engineer ecosystems every day including:
- Runoff of pesticides, herbicides, fertilizers, and animal wastes
- Air pollution , water pollution and soil contamination
- Introduction of non-native species
- Over-harvesting fisheries
- Destruction of wetlands
- Erosion of soils
- Deforestation
- Urban sprawl
Ecologists help us understand the interconnection and interdependence of the many plant and animal communities within ecosystems. Although substantial understanding of many ecosystem services and the scientific principles underlying them already exists, there is still much to learn. The trade-offs among different services within an ecosystem, the role of biodiversity in maintaining services, and the effects of long and short-term perturbations are just some of the questions that need to be further explored. The answers to such questions will provide information critical to the development of management strategies that will protect ecosystems and help maintain the provisions of the services upon which we depend.
The choices made today in how humans use land and water resources will have enormous consequences on the future sustainability of Earth's ecosystems and the services they provide.
For More Information
- Issues in Ecology, "Ecosystem Services: Benefits Supplied to Human Societies by Natural Ecosystems", No. 2, Spring, 1997, Ecological Society of America.
- Nature's Services, Societal Dependence on Natural Ecosystems, Gretchen C. Daily, Editor, Island Press, 1997.
- Communicating Ecosystem Services: Tools for Scientists to Engage the Public, a Project of the Ecological Society of America and the Union of Concerned Scientists.
Disclaimer: This article contains information that was originally published by the Ecological Society of America (ESA). Topic editors and authors for the Encyclopedia of Earth have edited its content and added new information. The use of information from the Ecological Society of America (ESA) should not be construed as support for or endorsement by that organization for any new information added by EoE personnel, or for any editing of the original content.
This ecology fact sheet was originally published by the Ecological Society of America. This fact sheet may be updated periodically.


text: The home values for addresses on Livingston Ave Jacksonville, FL 32208 may have been calculated from sold prices, public records of assessed value, and other real estate information for Jacksonville, FL. While the estimates for homes on Livingston Ave can help planning a real estate purchase or sale, you should always consult with a Jacksonville, FL Realtor® or real estate broker. Need more help? We can also assist when searching for Jacksonville, FL houses for sale, Jacksonville, FL apartments for rent, or with finding Jacksonville, FL mortgage rates

subset: commoncrawl


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You'll see the world through rose-tinted glasses when you put on our Adult 60s Hippie Accessory Kit. Each set comes with a daisy headband, rainbow-colored peace sign earrings, and a pair of round rose-colored sunglasses. A must-have for 60s era costumes.
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New research claims that consuming chocolate can lower the risk of stroke in men.
The Swedish study published on Neurology.com recruited over 37,000 men between the ages of 49 and 75. Each participant was asked to answer a food questionnaire about their diet including how often they ate chocolate. Researchers tracked the participants' health for 10 years and found that 1,995 of them experienced their first case of stroke.
Study results showed that men who admitted to eating one-third of a cup of chocolate chips a day had a 17 percent lower risk of stroke in comparison to men who did not consume chocolate. For every quarter cup of chocolate eaten, the stroke risk is lowered 14 percent.
"Interestingly, dark chocolate has previously been associated with heart health benefits, but about 90 percent of the chocolate intake in Sweden, including what was consumed during our study, is milk chocolate," said study author Susanna C. Larsson, associate professor in the Division of Nutritional Epidemiology, National Institute of Environmental Medicine at the Karolinska Institute in Stockholm, Sweden.
Researchers found that flavonols, an antioxidant found in cocoa can help lower blood pressure and even improve cognitive impairment. The European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), a board similar to the FDA recently gave a positive report on flavonol saturated chocolate. The EFSA may approve a new label explaining its benefits.
"Flavonoids appear to be protective against cardiovascular disease through antioxidant, anti-clotting and anti-inflammatory properties. It's also possible that flavonoids in chocolate may decrease blood concentrations of bad cholesterol and reduce blood pressure," Larsson said.


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Start here to learn more detailed information about HSP's holdings.
New in the Library
Fondly, Pennsylvania
Archival Adventures in Small Repositories
The collections of Historical Society of Pennsylvania range from genealogical and family papers to business and organizational records to collections of items such as photographs, postcards, sheet music, menus, and trade cards. HSP's library contains a wealth of published material, including books, pamphlets, serials, and newspapers. Our collections span from the seventeenth through the twenty-first centuries, and they touch upon numerous topics, from social and economic issues during the nation's founding to the effects of the Industrial Revolution to the immigrant experience of recent decades. While our collections generally focus on Philadelphia, Eastern Pennsylvania, and the greater Delaware Valley, we also have books from other states East of the Mississippi River, maps from different parts of the world, and manuscripts from national and international leaders.
For further information, please click on the links below.
Click for information on the research services provided through our library.
Click for links to related projects that may further assist in your research.
On occasion, HSP must temporarily restrict use of some of its collections. Click here for the current list of unavailable collections.
Are you a researcher seeking financial assistance? Click to learn more about fellowships offered through HSP.
Ready to do research at HSP? Here you'll find our address, directions, library policies, and more that will help you get started.


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Risk Management Office
The Risk Management Office provides assistance when risk due to injury, damage or loss has been established by The Evergreen State College.
- Certificate of Liability - Evidence of Insurance
- Claims Management
- Fine Art
- How to report an incident involving a State Driver
- Insurance and privately owned vehicles
- Motor vehicle accidents involving a State Driver
- Purchase of Insurance
- Reporting an accident involving a state driver
- Risk Management Alert: Tort Claim Filing Update
- WA State Self Insurance Liability Program
- Tort Claim Filing Packet (SF 210)
Certificate of Liability - Evidence of Liability Insurance
Certificates of Insurance are issued when needed to verify that The Evergreen State College is covered under WA States Self Insurance Liability Program for a specific activity, lease or agreement. They are issued:
- when evidence of coverage is requested by the owner, vendor or lessor of land, facilities, or equipment being leased, rented or used by the College for its operations
- when evidence of coverage is requested by another party for whom the College employees perform services and/or activities as part of an agreement
- when evidence of coverage is needed for general or vehicle liability covered by the Self Insurance Liability Program.
If you need a Certificate of Insurance please contact the Director of Business Services, Risk Management Office, Library 1125, one month prior to the date(s) needed, either via email or at 867.6450.
Claims Management
The Director of Business Services office interacts with outside parties concerning claims investigation, claims management and incident reporting.
Fine Art
Art exhibits that are on loan providing the exhibit is itemized as to object (description or title), the value is stated on the listing, the dates of coverage are specified, the method of conveyance is detailed, and the listing is filed with the Director of Business Services, Risk Management office prior to the start of the exhibit. In the case of exhibits on loan, a release signed loan agreement must be obtained from the owner for filing with the listing. Note that this only provides coverage through the tort claim process where the state must be found to be wholly or partially negligent.
Motor vehicle accidents involving a State Driver
A highway crash or any non-highway damage to a state vehicle - or your privately owned vehicle while driving on state business - must be reported to the Department of Enterprise Services, Office of Risk Management within 48 hours of the incident.
Reporting an accident involving a State Driver
Purchase of Insurance
RCW 43.19.1935 provides that colleges and universities shall consult with the State Risk Manager's office when purchasing insurance. The State Risk Manager will provide insurance assistance and quotes. Requests to purchase insurance policies are directed to the Director of Business Services office for evaluation. Notify the Director of Business Services office at least one month before the coverage is required. Timely notification provides the Director of Business Services office with adequate time to negotiate the most economical insurance rate. Premiums are charged to the Evergreen budget, which requires the insurance. The charges are indicated on the budget's monthly account statement.
The college purchases commercial insurance in certain circumstances:
- Property Insurance: This covers insured property for all risks of direct physical loss or damage to the property. Property covered includes housing buildings (under bond indenture), the President's residence, the Childcare Center and the College Activities Building (CAB).
- Loss of Rents: The College purchases loss of rents insurance on all College housing facilities. This insurance is to provide a continuation of rental income on housing facilities in the event of fire or other hazards.
- Surety Bonds: This bond protects the college against major losses sustained through fraudulent or dishonest acts of any employee of the college. All suspected losses due to theft, embezzlement, or other dishonest acts need to be reported immediately to campus Police Services. Police Services will promptly prepare a report and advise the Director of Business Services who in turn will give proper notification to the State Auditor, State Risk Manager, and Internal Auditor.
- Miscellaneous Insurance: When it is felt insurance is needed for some particular activity other than those listed above, the office in charge of such activity must contact the Director of Business Services, Risk Management office, Library 1125, 867.6450, for coverage of insurance one month before the activity takes place.
WA State Self Insurance Liability Program
The State of Washington Self-Insurance program pays tort claim judgments and settlements arising from general liability and vehicle accidents for which the state is found to be wholly or partially liable.
The claimant must file a Standard Tort Claim Packet (SF210), eight pages, with the Department of Enterprise Services, Office of Risk Management, in person or regular mail service. Make sure you read and follow the instructions included in the packet.
Pursuant to the new law, Standard Tort Claim forms cannot be submitted electronically (via e-mail or fax). Forms are available in The Evergreen State College, Director of Business Services, Risk Management Office, Library 1125, or WA State Office of Risk Management.
Mail or hand deliver the Standard Tort Claim Packet (SF210), eight pages, and supporting documentation to:
Department of Enterprise Services
Risk Management Division
1500 Jefferson ST SE
Olympia, WA 98504-1466
DES, ORM office is closed on weekends and official state holidays.
All recommended settlements are made through Department of Enterprise Services, Office of Risk Management.


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Prince's Sister Tyka Nelson Storms Out of Family Meeting. Why?
- 10:57 AM, Apr 29
Aerosmith Announce Their New Global Warming Tour
Photo credit: FayesVision / WENN
To fit your screen, we scale this picture smaller than its actual size. The original picture size is 1000x633 pixels and this photo has been viewed 3041 times since March 28, 2012


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Export Requirements for Iraq
IQ-15 (Nov 10, 2015)
Asterisks (*) indicate the most recent revision to these requirements. To search, click on your browser's "Edit" menu, then click on "Find (on this page)". Enter "*" in the "Find What" field, then click "Find" or "Find Next" until all asterisks have been identified.
Eligible/Ineligible Products
- Eligible
- Red meat and red meat products.
- Poultry and poultry products.
Note: It is recommended that exporters secure an import permit in advance of shipping.
- Ineligible
- All state restrictions on poultry and poultry product exports to Iraq have been lifted.*
Note: Please be advised that OFAC no longer administers sanctions against the nation of Iraq; however, OFAC administers sanctions against certain individuals and entities pursuant to the Iraq Stabilization and Insurgency Sanctions Regulations, 31 C.F.R. part 576. A list of all Specially Designated Nationals and Blocked Persons, including those whose property and interests in property are blocked pursuant to the ISISR, may be found on the OFAC website. Consult the U.S. Treasury Department Web site http://www.treas.gov/offices/enforcement/ofac/ for further details.
Documentation Requirements
- Certification Requirements
- Obtain FSIS Form 9060-5.


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Ski with Jonny Moseley over the Christmas holidays
This might not have made the Christmas wish list, but it could be one to add if you plan to be near Squaw Valley.
Former Olympic gold medalist Jonny Moseley will be skiing throughout the Christmas holidays at Squaw Valley ski resort, and the public is welcome to join him, starting Wednesday. Moseley will be on the hill Thursday and Friday, and again from Sunday through Dec. 30.
One of the great things about this Christmas wish is the price is right: A few turns on the slopes with Moseley is absolutely free.
The tours meet at 2 p.m. each day atop the Funitel and typically include 20-25 people at the start. They end several hours later with about half that number. An après ski gathering with Moseley takes place afterward at the Olympic House.
Squaw feels like home to Moseley, who won the gold medal in the moguls competition in the 1998 Winter Olympics in Nagano, Japan, while a member of the Squaw Valley freestyle team.
Moseley started regularly spending family weekends at Squaw at a young age and eventually entered the resort's Mighty Mites program, where he blossomed.
"Growing up on Squaw Valley's ski team, I came to know the mountain like the back of my hand," said Moseley, who is currently Squaw's chief mountain host. "I love getting out there with guests and taking them to spots that they may not have found otherwise."
Skiing with Moseley typically begins with a few runs off the Shirley Lake chair lift and tends to escalate to tougher terrain later in the afternoon.
The complimentary tours began in the 2008-09 season but were designed more for expert skiers and snowboarders, who joined Moseley on some of the more challenging terrain.
Now, the tours are made for practically any level of skier or rider and include a chance to talk with Moseley afterward. That means non-skiers can share time with Moseley.
Born in Puerto Rico, Moseley's parents came to California when he was 3 years old and settled in Tiburon, near San Francisco. Trips to Lake Tahoe resorts began almost immediately, and Moseley quickly demonstrated an aptitude for skiing.
"My parents were cool. They put my brother and me in the Mighty Mites program, and later I was on the Squaw ski racing team," Moseley recalled. "I had no aspirations of going very far, but one thing led to another. I got on the freestyle team, started doing tricks and skiing the moguls, and the next thing you know, freestyle became an Olympic event and I won a gold medal."
Moseley is best known for his famed "Dinner Roll," a trick he developed for the 1999 X Games. It involves a 720-degree off-axis rotation, where Moseley skis off a jump and does two full rotations – one on the horizontal plane and the other on the vertical plane.
At age 35, Moseley is far removed from competition, but it isn't over entirely. He's cast on the ABC show "Skating with the Stars" and is paired with retired pairs skater Brooke Castile.
A former member of the U.S. Ski Team, Moseley has skied worldwide but retains a great affinity for his home mountain.
"I have skied everywhere in the world, and it's crazy that one of the best mountains and the best conditions you can find anywhere are right here at Squaw," Moseley said. "I truly love it here."
Jeffrey Weidel is a Sacramento-area freelance writer with more than 25 years of skiing experience.


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Friday, 12 November 2010 18:48
Federal Employees Can Fight Climate Change, Support Carbonfund.org via CFC#62681Written by Ivan Chan
Did you know that the Combined Federal Campaign is the world's largest and most successful annual workplace charity campaign? CFC has more than 200 campaigns around the country and internationally to help raise millions of dollars each year for charity. Federal employees can support Carbonfund.org's efforts to fight climate change by donating to CFC#62681. You'll be supporting Carbonfund.org's innovative projects that are reducing carbon emissions in the U.S. and around the world. The projects are third-party validated, and Carbonfund.org is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization. 2010 marks the second year that we have been a part of this important campaign. If you care about climate and our environment but aren't a federal employee, you can make a tax-deductible donation anytime directly at our website: www.carbonfund.org. Please share this blog post with others you know! Thank you for your support.
Published in carbonfree blog


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Cycling Center in Mallorca
On 22 February 2013, we will be re-opening our Majorca Cycling Centre, located in the 4-star JS AlcudiMar hotel, which has a parking garage with video surveillance for more than 150 bicycles (including insurance), a mechanic's shop and cleaning area (with a pressure washer).
This centre specialising in cycling can be accessed directly from the street, has a gym with specific workout machines, a relaxation area (with Wi-Fi) and massage service.
We can also offer the extensive experience of our partner, "Mallorca Sportiv", and their tour services, providing outings along the best cycling tourism routes on Majorca. There is also a shop in our cycling centre, to cover all the cycling needs of professional and amateur cyclists or cycling tourists.
This innovative Cycling Centre at Playa de Muro has latest technology facilities offering recovery and rest to athletes. The Vichy Shower, sauna, Turkish bath, contrast shower and spa make Hotel JS AlcudiMar an authentic paradise for sport fans in general and, thanks to its location (near numerous cycling paths and MTB), it is also the best place for cycling fans.
We should also mention the list of menus offered at the hotel, which are adapted to meet the nutritional demands of athletes.
Entertainment, rest and nutrition, the three cornerstones of cycling, all in one centre, not to mention the superb scenery in northern Majorca.
1 Comment
I just booked a trip to your hotel from 29.3. to 5.4.
My intend of this travel is a bike trainings camp. I just read that you have a cycling center with bike rental directly in you hotel.
I booked the trip at "FTI travels".
Do I need to reserve a bike or do I need to register somewhere before?
What are the bikes you have and what are the costs for it?
Looking forward for the trip.
Thanks in advance


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nice gadget, EXPENSIVE, not universal for all DSLR.
mobile photography technology, culture and communitywww.dpreview.com
The Weye Feye from French accessory manufacturer XSories is a compact device that connects Nikon and Canon DSLRs without built-in Wi-Fi capabilities to a smartphone for remote controlling and image transfer. Some more recent DSLR models come with built-in Wi-Fi functions, but for those that don't the Weye Feye looks like an interesting option. It's more compact than some of the third party devices we've seen before and offers a longer range and better control than some of the camera manufacturers' own adapters.
To use the device you need to plug into the camera's USB port and install a dedicated app on your Android or iOS device. You can then control your camera from a distance of up to 80m. In Live View mode you can change settings such as ISO, white balance or aperture, switch between still and video modes, focus manually or with the AF and of course trigger an exposure. In Gallery mode you can view, select and share images on your smartphone or tablet.
With dimensions of 83x45x16.5mm the Weye Feye is quite compact and can easily be strapped to a tripod leg with its velcro straps. Battery life runs from 7-8 hours in Live View mode to 14 hours in Gallery mode. The device will be available in September at a recommended retail price 249€.
Currently compatible cameras:


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Columbia River Gorge Blog
Columbia River Gorge Wild Flowers are in Bloom
The Columbia River Gorge region has some of the best vistas for scenic photography. With wild flower season in full-bloom, Skamania Lodge IT Director, Henry Kammetler, took these beautiful photos while out and about in the Gorge yesterday.
The two color photos were taken at Tom McCall Ridge which is just outside Mosier, OR. The black and white photo was taken on the Catherine Creek Trail just outside of Bingen, WA.
This lodge is one of the friendliest places I know. Everyone seems to genuinely enjoy working there and doing whatever they can to assist the guests.
Jeanne, Salem Oregon


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Little Red Riding Hood
Bring one of your favorite childhood fairy tales to life, and dress up in one of these Little Red Riding Hood costumes for Halloween. This fantastic section includes designs for men, women, and children, and they are anywhere from cute to sexy to scary. With so much diversity, you are bound to find something you like. Pay grandma a visit, and look good doing it. Just beware of the Big Bad Wolf.
Child's Little Red Riding Hood Costume Elite
Adult Big Bad Wolf Granny Costume
Little Red Riding Hood Toddler Costume
Little Red Riding Hood Red Hot Sexy Costume
Infant Lil' Red Riding Hood Costume
Adult Little Red Riding Hood Women's Costume
Little Red Riding Hood All Red Tween Costume
Women's Little Dead Riding Hood Costume
When you think of Little Red Riding Hood, you may only think of girly red dresses with cute hoods, but there are also fierce looks here for men. Be the antagonist of the story, and jump into granny's night gown, as the Big Bad Wolf. Little Red Riding Hood and the Big Bad Wolf would be a perfect couple's costume. If one of these outfits is for your daughter, then the cute and innocent children's designs are best suited for her. These involve long-flowing, lovely, puffy dress. There are also costumes for adults that will bring out a bit of a more enticing side. These sexy ensembles include shorter dresses, alluring stockings, and cleavage revealing corset like patterns. Our accessories, such as a picnic basket, red slippers, and long red capes, can complete either type of these outfits.


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These professional display systems are designed to set up and take down quickly and travel lightly. They're ideal for trade shows and fairs, recruiting programs, and sales presentations, as well as for art exhibits.
ShowStyle — The ShowStyle Tabletop Display carries like a briefcase and opens up to provide a 48" × 24" display area. Display stays in place and protected during transport. Hook and Loop receptive fabric in a variety of color choices. Includes blank header. Measures 5" × 26" × 14" when closed.
ShowMax — The Showmax Tabletop Display includes everything you need to transport and protect your display and contents. Opens up to 74" × 36" display area, includes two 50W halogen lights, blank header and literature compartments in five possible hook and loop receptive fabrics. Measures 7" × 44" × 20" when closed.
™ Expogo is a trademark.


text: A person with diabetes constantly manages their blood's sugar (glucose) levels. After a blood sample is taken and tested, it is determined whether the glucose levels are low or high. If glucose levels are too low carbohydrates are ingested. If glucose in the blood is too high, the appropriate amount of insulin is administered into the body such as through an insulin pump.


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Balkan Beat Box
Birth Place: Tel Aviv, Israel / New York City, New York, United States
Years Active: 2003-present
Genres: Gypsy Punk, Electronica, Funk, World Music
Years Active: 2003-present
Genres: Gypsy Punk, Electronica, Funk, World Music
Balkan Beat Box is an Israeli musical group founded by ex-Gogol Bordello member Tamir Muskat, Ori Kaplan of Firewater and Big Lazy, and Tomer Yosef (MC, vocals, perc, sampler unit). As a musical project they often cooperate with a host of other musicians both in the studio as well as live. Their current live crew consist of Tomer Yosef, Ben Hendler, Itamar Ziegler, Eyal Talmudi, Uri Kinrot, Jeremiah Lockwood, and Peter Hess. Amongst their other collaborators are Victoria Hannah, the Bulgarian Chicks, and gnawa player Hassan Ben Jaffar.
Listen to Balkan Beat Box
and similar artists - Play Now
and similar artists - Play Now
Latest Tracks:
More Tracks >>


text:
Copyright 2008, Nenib
| TreoMobile - http://www.treomobile.com
Dedicated coverage of Windows Mobile Treo including the Palm Treo 750 and Treo 700wx. Features reviews of Treo accessories and a comprehensive Pocket PC software store. - Read more
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Gollum voiced by Andy Serkis in New Line Cinema?s and MGM's fantasy adventure ?The Hobbit: An Unexpected Journey.
Based on data from the Motion Picture Distributors' Association of Australia and prepared by David Dale, the tables below show the films which sold the most tickets and the films which made the most money between January, 1939 and June, 2013. Can you identify the movies in our photos?
The hits of 2013 so far: Skyfall $49 million; The Hobbit: An Unexpected Journey $43m; Iron Man 3 $40m; Twilight: Breaking Dawn Part 2 $29m; Life of Pi $28m; Les Miserables $26m; Wreck It Ralph $23.5m; Fast and Furious 6 $21m; The Great Gatsby $21m; The Hangover part III $21m; Django Unchained $16m; The Croods $15m; Oz The Great and Powerful $15m; The Silver Linings Playbook $14m; Rise of the Guardians $13.5m; Pitch Perfect $12.6m; Parental Guidance $11m; A Good Day To Die Hard $11m.
In 2012, the total box office of movies in Australia was $1,125,536,000 which the MPDAA says was "a 2.8 per cent increase on last year and just 0.2% off the record set in 2010". That represented 85.9 million admissions (or everyone in the populace buying 3.8 tickets at an average price of $13) and compares with 85 million admissions in 2011, 92m in 2010 and records of 92.5m in 2001 and 2002 (4.7 tickets per person). The low point was 1977, when the average ticket sale was 1.7 per person (colour TV had arrived in 1975). Through most of the 80s we were down to 2 tickets per person (26 per cent of households had a VCR in 1984), in the 90s 3, and the noughties 4.
Nicole Kidman and Hugh Jackman in Australia.
There are 1997 screens in Australia, in 478 theatres. In 1983, there were 863 screens in 737 theatres. In 2012 420 films were released, of which 171 came from US 47 from UK and 27 from Australia.
The all-time top grossing films at the Australian box office
1.Avatar (2009) $116 million 2.Titanic (1997) $58m 3.The Avengers (2012) $53m; 4.Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows, part 2 (2011) $53m 5.Shrek 2 (2004) $50m;
A graphic for the movie Jaws.
6.The Return of the King (2003) $49m; 7.Skyfall (2012) $48.5m; 8.Crocodile Dundee (1986) $48m; 9.Fellowship of the Ring (2001) $47m; 10.The Dark Knight (2008) $46m.
11.The Two Towers (2002) $46m ; 12 The Hobbit: An Unexpected Journey (2012) $43m; 13.The Dark Knight Rises (2012) $43m; 14.Toy Story 3 (2010) $42m; 15.Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone (2001) $42m.
16.Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows part 1 (2010) $42m; 17.Harry Potter and the Half Blood Prince (2009) $41m; 18.Transformers: Revenge of the Fallen (2009) $40m 19.IronMan 3 (2013) 40m; 20.Star Wars I: The Phantom Menace (1999) $39m; 21.Pirates of the Caribbean: Dead Man's Chest (2006) $38m.
Is Kristen Stewart Star Wars princess material?
22.Twilight: New Moon (2009) $38m 23.Finding Nemo (2003) $37.5m; 24.Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets (2002) $37.5m 25.Alice in Wonderland (2010) $37.5m; 26.Transformers: Dark of the Moon (2011) $37.5m.
27.Australia (2008) $37m; 28.Babe (1995) $37m; 29.Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire (2005) $36m; 30.Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix (2007) $35.5m; 31.Inception (2010) $35.5m .
32.Star Wars 3: Revenge of the Sith (2005) $35m; 33.The Chronicles of Narnia (2005) $35m; 34.Meet The Fockers (2005) $35m 35.Ted (2012) $35m; 36.Star Wars 2: Attack of the Clones (2002) $34m.
Who ya gonna call? Harold Ramis, Dan Ackroyd and Bill Murray of course, in Ghostbusters.
37.Matrix Reloaded (2003) $34m; 37.Shrek The Third (2007) $34m; 38.E.T. (1982) $33m 39.Jurassic Park (1993) $33m 40.Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban (2004) $33m.
41.Pirates of the Caribbean: At World's End (2007) $33m; 42.The Hangover part 2 (2011) $32.7m; 43.Twilight: Eclipse (2010) $32m 44.Shrek (2001) $32m 45.Casino Royale (2006) $32m.
46.The Hunger Games (2012) $32m; 47.The Simpsons Movie (2007) $31.5m 48.Happy Feet (2006) $31.5m 49.Mamma Mia! (2008) $31.5m; 50.Gladiator (2001) $31m.
John Travolta and Olivia Newton-John in Grease.
51.Spider-Man (2002) $31m; 52.Forrest Gump (1994) $30.5m 53.The King's Speech (2011) 30.5m 54.Star Wars (1977/79) $30m; 55.Quantum of Solace (2008) $30m.
56.Ice Age 3: Dawn of the Dinosaurs (2009)$30m; 57.Independence Day (1996) $29.5m 58.Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull (2008) $29.5m; 59.The Sixth Sense (1999) $29m 60.Twilight: Breaking Dawn part 2 $29m;
61 Twilight: Breaking Dawn part 1 $28m; 62.Twilight: Breaking Dawn Part 2 (2012) $28m; 63. My Big Fat Greek Wedding (2002) $28m; 64.Moulin Rouge (2001) $28m 65.UP (2009) $28m.
Haley Joel Osment got his 'big break' starring opposite Bruce Willis in The Sixth Sense.
66.Ice Age 4: Continental Drift (2012) $27.6m; 67.Shrek Forever After (2010) $27.5m; 68.Transformers (2007) $27.5m; 69.Pirates of the Caribbean: On Stranger Tides (2011) $27.3m; 70.The Lion King (1994) $27m.
71.The Incredibles (2005) $27m 72.The Da Vinci Code (2006) $27m; 73.Sex and the City $27m 74.Bridesmaids (2011) $27m; 75.Life of Pi $27m; 76. Mrs Doubtfire (1993) $26m.
76.Pretty Woman (1990) $26m; 77.Kung Fu Panda (2008) $26m; 78.Sherlock Holmes (2008) $26m; 79.Iron Man 2 (2010) $26m; 80.Monsters Inc (2001) $25.5m.
Harry Potter.
81.Pirates of the Caribbean (2003) $25.5m 82.Fast and Furious 5 (2011) $25.3m; 83.Madagascar (2005) $25m; 84.Crocodile Dundee II (1988) $25m; 85.Charlie and the Chocolate Factory (2005) $25m. 86. Les Miserables (2012) $25m
86.Ice Age 2: The Meltdown (2006) $24.5m.; 87.Saving Private Ryan (1998) $24m 88.Spider-Man 2 (2004) $24m; 89.Spider-Man 3 (2007) $24m; 90.A Night At The Museum (2007) $24m.
91.Twister (1996) $23.5m 92.Troy (2004) $23m; 93.The Full Monty (1997) $23m; 94.The Matrix (1999) $23m; 95.Men in Black (1997) $23m.
96.I Am Legend (2008) 23m 97.Sex and the City 2 (2010) $23m; 98.Mission Impossible 2 (2000) $22.5m; 99.What Women Want (2000) $22.5m; 100.Bridget Jones Diary (2001) $22.5m.
101.Tangled (2011) $22.2 102.Strictly Ballroom (1992) $22m; 103.Austin Powers: The Spy Who Shagged Me (1999) $22m. 104.Ocean's 11 (2002) $22m; 105.The Bourne Ultimatum (2007) $22m 106.Despicable Me (2010) $22m; 107.Twilight (2008) 21.5m 108.Four Weddings and a Funeral (1994) $21.5m; 109.King Kong (2005) $21.5m. 110.Madagascar: Escape 2 Africa 21.5m; 111.Red Dog (2011) $21.3m; 112.Ghost (1990) $21m.
The movies seen by the greatest number of Australians
(Estimated by adjusting each film's box office total for inflation since the year of the film's release)
1.The Sound of Music (1965) 2.Crocodile Dundee (1986) 3.Star Wars (1977/97) 4.Gone With The Wind (1939) 5. Avatar 6.Titanic (1997) 7.E.T (1982). 8.Dr Zhivago (1966) 9.Grease (1978) 10.South Pacific (1958).
11.My Fair Lady (1964) 12.The Ten Commandments (1958) 13.Babe (1995) 14.Ben Hur (1959) 15.Mary Poppins (1964) 16.Shrek 2 (2004) 17.The Lord of the Rings trilogy (2001-03) 18.Those Magnificent Men in Their Flying Machines (1965) 19.The Robe (1953) 20.Jaws (1975).
21.The Sting (1973) 22.The Greatest Show on Earth (1952) 23.The Dark Knight (2008) 24.Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone (2001) 25.Star Wars I: The Phantom Menace (1999) 26.Ryan's Daughter (1971) 27.Jurassic Park (1993) 28.Lawrence of Arabia (1963) 29.The Empire Strikes Back (1980) 30.Bridge on the River Kwai (1958).
31.Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows part 2 (2010) 32.Crocodile Dundee Two (1988) 33.Toy Story 3 (2010) 34.A Clockwork Orange (1971) 35.Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows Part 1 (2010) 36.Harry Potter and the Half Blood Prince (2009) 37.Forrest Gump (1994) 38.Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets (2002); 39.The Avengers (2012); 40.Transformers 2: Revenge of the Fallen (2009).
41.The Godfather (1972); 42.Finding Nemo (2003) 43.Pretty Woman (1990) 44.Pirates of the Caribbean: Dead Man's Chest (2006) 45.Independence Day (1996) 46.Tom Jones (1964) 47.Cleopatra (1963) 48.The Lion King (1994) 49.The Towering Inferno (1974) 50.Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire (2005).
51.Skyfall (2012); 52.Australia (2008); 53.Fiddler on the Roof (1971) 54.Mrs Doubtfire (1993) 55.Gladiator (2000) 56.The Twilight Saga: New Moon (2009) 57.Star Wars 2: Attack of the Clones (2002) 58.The Man From Snowy River (1982) 59.Star Wars 3: Revenge of the Sith (2005) 60.Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix (2007).
61.The Sixth Sense (1999) 62.The King and I (1956) 63.Paint Your Wagon (1970); 64.Alice in Wonderland (2010) 65.Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid (1970) 66.The Chronicles of Narnia (2005) 67.The Poseidon Adventure (1973) 68.Meet The Fockers (2005) 69.Around The World in 80 Days (1968) 70.Shrek (2001).
71.Raiders of the Lost Ark (1981) 72.Matrix Reloaded (2003) 73.Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban (2004); 74.Return of the Jedi (1983/98) 75.Ghostbusters (1984) 76.Inception (2010) 77. Superman (1978) 78.Shrek The Third (2007) 79.Happy Feet (2006) 80.Casino Royale (2006).
81.Mad Max II (1981) 82.Spider-Man (2002) 83.Moulin Rouge (2001); 84.My Big Fat Greek Wedding (2002) 85.Ghost (1990) 86.Pirates of the Caribbean: At World's End (2007) 87.The Simpsons Movie (2007) 88.Twilight: Eclipse (2010) 89.Midnight Cowboy (1963) 90.What's Up Doc (1972).
91.Irma La Douce (1963) 92.To Sir With Love (1967) 93.The Great Race (1965); 94.Mamma Mia! (2008) 95.Love Story (1971) 96.The Full Monty (1997) 97.Guess Who's Coming to Dinner (1968) 98.It's a Mad Mad Mad Mad World (1971) 99.Saving Private Ryan (1998) 100.Fatal Attraction (1987).
101.Four Weddings and a Funeral (1994) 102.Quantum of Solace (2008) 103.Ice Age 3: Dawn of the Dinosaurs (2009) $30m; 104.Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull (2008) 105.Gallipoli (1981) 106.Strictly Ballroom (1992) 107.Twister (1996) 108.Earthquake (1974) 109.The Exorcist (1974) 110.Tootsie (1983) 111.Three Men and a Baby (1988) 112.Flying High (1980) 113.Blazing Saddles (1974).
The hits of 2012: The Avengers $53m; The Dark Knight Rises $43m; Ted $35m; Skyfall $33m; The Hunger Games $31m; Twilight: Breaking Dawn Part 2 $29m; Ice Age 4: Continental Drift $27.6m; Madagascar 3 $24m; The Best Exotic Marigold Hotel $21m; Sherlock Holmes: A Game of Shadows $20m; Snow White and the Huntsman $20m; Taken 2 $19.5m; Alvin and the Chipmunks: Chipwrecked $19m; The Amazing Spiderman $17m; Prometheus $18m; Men in Black 3 $17m; Brave $16m; Dr Seuss: The Lorax $16m; American Pie: Reunion $15m; The Adventures of Tintin $15m; The Descendants $15m; The Sapphires $14.2m; The Dictator $14m; Magic Mike $13m; The Bourne Legacy $12.5m; Hotel Transylvania $12m; Looper $12m; The Vow $11m; Happy Feet 2 $10.5m; Tower Heist $10.1m; War Horse $10.3m; The Iron Lady $10.1m; Argo $10m; The Muppets $9.5m; The Girl With The Dragon Tattoo (US) $8.5m; Hugo $8.5m.
Australia's total box office for 2011 was 1,093,733,000 -- a drop of 3 per cent on the total of $1.128 billion in 2010, which had been 4 per cent more than the record figure in 2009. Australian films earned 3.9 per cent of the 2011 total, mostly via Red Dog's $21.3 million. Average ticket price in 2010 was $12.26, which meant there were 92.006 million sold. Number of admissions in 2009 was 90.7 million, less than the record 92.5 million in 2001 and 200
This is a service for readers of The Tribal Mind column, by David Dale, which appears in The Sun-Herald newspaper and also as a blog on this website, where it welcomes your comments.
David Dale teaches communications at UTS, Sydney. He is the author of The Little Book of Australia -- A snapshot of who we are (Allen and Unwin). For daily updates on Australian attitudes, bookmark The Tribal Mind.


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Badasses are only as cool as the weapons they wield. In the past 30 years characters have wielded everything from wrenches to dildos, only some of these however can be considered the most badass of the bunch. Here at PSUni … Continue reading
Posted in Featured, News Tagged BFG 9000, bioware, blades of Chaos, buster sword, Charisma, Doom, fallout, fat man, FF7, Gravity Gun, mass effect, master sword, red shell, Shuriken Gun, Soul Edge, Speech Check, top ten, weapons, wrench 3 Comments


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| User:OneManCrimeWave
Hi, welcome to GTA Wiki. Thanks for contributing to the Ray Boccino page, and for taking interest in the wiki. Please leave a message on my talk page if I can help with anything, or as alternatives, leave a post on a forum, or refer to the Help pages. -- The Tom (Talk) 20:19, December 17, 2011
Hi Lamon. Just letting you know that I put a delete template on the Chatterbox Script article you made. Unfortunately we're not allowed to write script articles anymore due to copyright reasons, but if you find any more could you please put the delete template on them, and if you find any mission scripts within the mission article could you please help me to delete them. Thanks. RusselNorthrop(Talk2Me--Contribs) 20:26, March 25, 2012 (UTC)
Yeah, all right, but only for as few days. On another note, please follow our Image Policy. -- ILan (XD • Edits • Home ) 15:26, January 1, 2013 (UTC)
Sorry, Painkill, but I don't understand what you want to do with the missions pages. What do you mean by making them more "realistic"? -- ILan (XD • Edits • Home ) 15:26, January 7, 2013 (UTC)
RE:GTA5 trailer
Cool, man! I'm gonna download them ^^ -- ILan (XD • Edits • Home ) 16:32, January 28, 2013 (UTC)
If you want to upload images, you must follow the image policy, both in the image's name and licence. -- ILan (XD • Edits • Home ) 18:56, July 11, 2013 (UTC)


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Tanzania and other African countries need to start walking on their own by reducing dependence on development partners, Minister of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation, Bernard Membe said yesterday.
The minister made the remarks in a speech read on his behalf by Executive Secretary of the Planning Commission, Dr Philip Mpango, at the official opening of a roundtable discussion on "How can Africa get the most out of development Cooperation,"organised by the Institute of African Leadership for Sustainable Development, commonly known as "Uongozi Institute".
The forum, which brought together development experts, government officials, representatives of development partners, diplomats and development stakeholders, dwelt on appropriate models and initiatives to support African owned objectives and strategies.
On behalf of the minister, Mpango said time was ripe for Tanzania and Africa as whole, to begin walking on their own, and get rid of dependency.
"However, they should do so in partnership...with both new and traditional development partners," said Mpango.
Tanzania and many African countries have great potentials to spearhead own development and growth, he said, noting that these potentials needed visible drives in order to yield anticipated results.
"African development requires more support of western world....it also needs support from other emerging economies. Both traditional partners and emerging economies are important for speeding up Africa's growth and development," he said.
"On top of that, transformation of African economies requires visionary, accountable leadership...committed and determined people," he added.
Finish Minister for International Development, Heidi Hautala underlined the need for broader and expanded consultations between rich and development world on the best model of cooperation — which will have positive impact on the economies of the poor countries.
She said it was disheartening to note that most of poor people in the world were living in developing world, urging developing and advanced world to devise appropriate strategies to redress the problem.
"Come up with effective frameworks that would stimulate economic growth and subsequently reduce the level of poverty in the poor world...rich and poor world must have constructive discussions on these issues," said Hautala.
Tapani Vaahtoranta, Director of Operations at Uongozi Institute, said as African development orientation strains to transform opportunities into results, the continent must respond effectively and sustainably to its low and fragile growth. "A strategy is needed that will make use of resource endowments, skills, knowledge and institutions as a basis," he said.
For years, development cooperation in African has been in the context of North-South relations. However, with the new era of rapid economic growth in emerging economies, the equilibrium of development cooperation is now tilting towards South-South cooperation.
Among other things, according to Uongozi Institute's official: "This forum was organised to enable experts and development stakeholders from the continent and beyond exchange notes on how Africa approach these relationships (North-South and South-South) and their impact on the continent's development agenda."
He explained that recent dynamics of the global economy and the new scenarios of international relations, together with the growing trade, investment and diplomatic engagement of emerging economies in Africa, have greater contributions to significant changes in the relationships between Africa countries and all their external partners.


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Alan García
From Wikiquote
Alan Gabriel Ludwig García Pérez (born May 23, 1949) has been the president of Peru for 1985–1990 & 2006–present.
|This political figure or monarch article is a stub. You can help Wikiquote by expanding it.
- The United States, ever since its founding fathers, has had an ideal, a mission to the world. In the '40s, it sacrificed the lives of many young people to achieve the freedom of the world. Nowadays, we need to focus on democracy and free trade.
- President Bush Welcomes President García of Peru to the White House (April 23, 2007)


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Anne Harrington, NNSA Deputy Administrator for Defense Nuclear Nonproliferation, visited the Kansas City Plant recently for a facility tour of the new National Security Campus and to receive project briefings on its proliferation deterrence programs.
During the visit, Harrington toured the Analytical Sciences Lab, one of the most complete and diverse labs under one roof. The lab provides analysis such as metallurgical diagnostics, mechanical/physical testing, environmental testing, and analytical chemistry to test a product under any condition and understand the conditions for product failure.
Sandia National Laboratories recently completed the renovation of five large-scale test facilities that are crucial to ensuring the safety and reliability of the nation's nuclear weapons systems. The work supports Sandia's ongoing nuclear stockpile modernization work on the B61-12 and W88 Alt, assessments of current stockpile systems, and test and analysis for broad national security customers.
The renovation of two additional facilities was completed in 2005 during the first phase of the project. The two-phase, $100 million project, which was completed ahead of schedule and under budget, renovated Sandia's major environmental test facilities.
Read more.
About the photo: Sandia recently completed the renovation of five large-scale test facilities, including this Centrifuge, which are critical to Sandia's stockpile stewardship and national security work.
More than 85 employees from the Savannah River Site M&O contractor Savannah River Nuclear Solutions, LLC (SRNS) volunteered to work on their day off at six United Way agencies located throughout the greater Augusta, Ga., area as part of this year's Project SERVE.
Dan Armstrong of SRNS said most of the United Way agencies supported by this effort have limited budgets to support programs and even smaller amounts of funding dedicated to lawn care and building maintenance.
Tasks typical of Project SERVE include clearing debris, painting, repairing flooring, putting up dry wall, building wheel chair ramps, installing smoke detectors, fixing faulty plumbing and yard work. Other 2014 Project SERVE teams worked at locations including the Easter Seals facility, Kroc Center, Heritage Academy and Senior Citizens Center Council.
About the photo: Employees of SRS M&O contractor Savannah River Nuclear Solutions help spruce up Heritage Academy in Augusta, Ga.
From liquid nitrogen to the 3D simulation room, students were immersed in hands-on science fun at this year's Take Your Child To Work Day at the Kansas City Plant.
"We are proud of the work we do, and we welcome any opportunity to share the story of our mission." said Mark Holecek, Kansas City Field Office Manager. "As a parent, I think it is even more important that we share our scientific and technical knowledge, and our pride in what we do with the people who matter most in our lives – our kids."
Middle school students combined corn starch and water to make Oobleck, a non-newtonian fluid, which acts like both a liquid and a solid; ate grapes frozen with liquid nitrogen; and generated hair-raising electricity with the Van de Graaff machine.
The high school students got a detailed view of the B-61 trainer and explored next generation engineering techniques such as 3D printing and 3D simulations. Students also had the opportunity to learn how KCP is advancing the state of manufacturing with Molecular Dynamics and Physics-Based simulations at the National Security Campus.
NNSA employees and their friends and families beat the rain delay and enjoyed the annual NNSA Day at the Ball Park this week. The Nationals played The Los Angeles Dodgers.
More photos available here.
Gen. Frank Klotz, Under Secretary for Nuclear Security and NNSA Administrator, earlier this week toured the Nevada National Security Site (NNSS) and met with employees. During the tour, Gen. Klotz visited the Device Assembly Facility (DAF), which offers one of the safest, most secure locations anywhere in the U.S. weapons complex to conduct nuclear explosive operations. Scientists at DAF work on special nuclear material, radiation test objects, and high-explosives in support of experiments for Stockpile Stewardship and other programs.
Klotz also toured the U1a Complex which is an underground laboratory used for subcritical experiments and physics experiments that obtain technical information about the nation's nuclear weapons stockpile. These experiments support NNSA's Stockpile Stewardship Programs, created to maintain the safety and effectiveness of the U.S. nuclear weapons stockpile.
Read more about NNSS here. More photos of the visit are available here.
Below, Klotz listens to a briefing 960 feet underground in the U1a complex at the Nevada National Security Complex. Leading the briefing are (left to right): Stuart Rawlinson, facility manager for the U1a complex, and Raffi Papazian, director of Defense Experimentation and Stockpile Stewardship, both from National Security Technologies.
Admiral Cecil Haney, Commander, USSTRATCOM, visited Pantex Tuesday to tour various facilities and conduct an all-hands meeting with Pantex workers. Haney thanked Pantexans for the work they perform to help maintain a credible nuclear deterrent, thus ensuring the safety of the United States.
Haney briefed Pantexans about the responsibilities and capabilities of USSTRATCOM and discussed how the work done at Pantex factors into that mission. Haney said as the number of weapons in the U.S. stockpile decreases, the work done at Pantex to ensure the safety and reliability of each nuclear weapon becomes even more important.
Haney told Pantexans that although they do not wear a military uniform, the work they do to protect America is as crucial as the work done by those who do.
Reaching President Obama's goal of a world without nuclear weapons requires overcoming technical challenges in verifying disarmament. For more than a decade, the U.S. and U.K. have worked together to improve technical verification—an endeavor that balances the need to protect classified and sensitive information with the need to obtain enough data to inform the process.
Michele Smith, Deputy Director for the Warhead Dismantlement Transparency Program within NNSA's Office of Nonproliferation and International Security, recently shared technical verification lessons learned by the U.S. and U.K. over the years of their cooperative work. She was joined by Attila Burjan of the U.K. Atomic Weapons Establishment. The presentation took place in New York at a side event in conjunction with meetings of the Preparatory Committee for the 2015 Review Conference of the Parties to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons.
Smith and Burjan focused specifically on the experience the two countries gained through two exercises: one at the beginning of the U.S. and U.K. cooperation and one more recently that was a year-long monitored dismantlement exercise designed to test existing methodologies and identify areas where further development is needed. To be as realistic as possible, the recent exercise was performed in an operational nuclear facility with representative quantities of fissile material and simulated high explosives.
The full presentation slides are available here.
Additional photos are available here.
Michele Smith, Deputy Director for the Warhead Dismantlement Transparency Program within NNSA's Office of Nonproliferation and International Security, shares technical verification lessons learned by the U.S. and U.K. over the years of their cooperative work.
A team of five competitors from Panhandle Junior High School capped off an eventful visit last week to the nation's capital with a second-place finish in the electric car race competition at the National Science Bowl.
Coach Kevin Meyer said the team competed hard, but was barely edged out at the finish line of the final race.
The academic portion of the Science Bowl is supplemented each year for middle school students with a battery-powered car race that gives competitors the chance to apply their knowledge to designing a car to compete on a 20-meter track.
The Panhandle team won the right to represent the area at the national competition by besting 40 other teams in the Pantex Middle School Science Bowl competition in February. They were joined on the trip by a team from Lubbock High School, which won the high school competition.
The Department of Energy sponsors the Science Bowl competition each year to give students across the country a chance to compete in a contest of science and math knowledge. More than 50 regional competitions are conducted, with the winners having the chance to represent their area in Washington.
The members of the team are: Bradlee Brandvik, Arianna Hann, Samuel Koone, Noah Ford and Grace Kuehler.
Dan Krivitsky's success in facilitating work between federal agencies and his efforts in counter-terrorism initiatives and Intelligence Work For Others (WFO) earned him Employee of the Year for NNSA's Los Alamos Field Office. Krivitsky of Los Ranchos, near Albuquerque, is a member of the field office's Security Operations Team.
He and federal employees from around the state were recognized recently at a banquet sponsored by the New Mexico Federal Executive Board.
In 2013, Krivitsky was instrumental in forming a counter-threat working group at Los Alamos National Laboratory, ensuring that disparate security and intelligence stakeholders met routinely to discuss potential threats to the laboratory. He also fostered relationships with numerous State and Federal agencies to improve the flow and expand the network of threat information providers for the Laboratory. In addition, Krivitsky is recognized for his contributions to the Intelligence WFO program. Through the WFO program, the Department of Energy and NNSA provide research and technical assistance to other federal agencies on a reimbursable, full cost recovery basis. WFO agreements are also used as a mechanism through which industry can use expertise and facilities at LANL.


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WASHINGTON – Bed bugs can be a concern for hotel guests, and a new way of killing bugs without chemicals is showing a lot of promise for banishing the unwanted critters.
Entomologists at Pennsylvania State University say the key appears to be a natural fungus that causes disease in the insects.
Researchers sprayed spores from the fungus Beauveria bassiana onto paper and cotton jersey, which is used in linens. Bed bugs were exposed to the surfaces for one hour, and then placed in a petri dish to be monitored. Within five days, all the bugs exposed to the fungus were killed.
The exposed bugs passed the fungus on to unexposed bugs – killing them as well.
Nina Jenkins, a senior research associate in entomology and author of the study published in the Journal of Invertebrate Pathology, says the fact other bugs were infected is significant because it means the fungus may make it easier to kill hard-to-reach bugs.
"Bedbugs tend to be cryptic, and they'll hide in the tiniest crevices," Jenkins says in a Penn State news release. "They don't just live in your bed. They hide behind light switches and power sockets and in between the cracks of the baseboard and underneath your carpet."
The researchers are continuing to study the fungus and effectiveness of exposure times.
WTOP's Michelle Basch contributed to this report. Follow @mbaschWTOP and @WTOP on Twitter.
(Copyright 2012 by WTOP. All Rights Reserved.)
The red carpet gleamed with sparkly metallics and shiny, futuristic-looking fabrics. See photos from this year's Met Gala.


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Martini Glasses
Jasper Cocktail Glass Clearance $5.97 reg. $7.95
Set of 8 Viv Martini Glasses Set Savings $34.95 open stock $39.60
Whether you like yours shaken or stirred we have the perfect martini glass to suit your taste. Browse short, tall and stemless martini glasses in styles from classic to modern.


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Browse more:
Ready-made frames crafted from solid pine, hand finished with fine-quality stains, then softly antiqued. They look like expensive, custom-made frames. Has natural linen liner and matching inset.
Cherry Wood — The most conservative option in the group, this frame's deep, rich color makes it a good choice for portraits and formal country landscapes.
® Blick and Blick Studio are registered trademarks.


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this wiki
Gambling is the wagering of money on an event with uncertain outcomes with intent to win additional money.
The ability to wager money is first introduced in Grand Theft Auto: Vice City, when the player must pay entrance fees for Vice Street Racer events, with a set limit on how much he or she can bet, and perform well enough in the races to break even. In Grand Theft Auto: San Andreas, more activities were available that the player can take part in to wager money on in order to gain more money if the player wins the activity or lose the money wagered if the player loses the activity. With its expansion in GTA San Andreas the chances of losing/winning are more probable.
Gambling skill
In GTA San Andreas, the player can increase the gambling skill of Carl Johnson by spending money at the casinos. The skill increases by 1 for every $100 spent up to a maximum skill of 1000. There are certain activities that bars the player from playing due to a low gambling skill. The player can borrow money from the casino, leading to a negative money value. The amount allowed to borrow is based in how high the gambling skill is, the higher the skill the more is allowed to borrow. If the limit of money borrowed is reached by the player, Carl will recieve a warning phone call from the casino. Eventually he will be called again and told that people will be meeting him to discuss the debt. After this a gang of hitmen will arrive and attack the player, and random attacks like this will persist until you pay off the debt.
|Skill level
|Max wager or borrow
GTA San Andreas
|Blackjack is one of the activities in which the player can take part in.
The goal is to get as close to 21 as the player possibly can, without going over. The player and the dealer each start out with two cards. After the cards are dealt the player is given the choice to either hit (receive new cards), double (which doubles the bet and gives the players one more card only), or stand (stay with the cards in their hands). Receiving five cards without going over 21 automatically makes the player stand. If the player has two cards that are identical (for example 2 eights), the player may split, which allows the player to split the hand into two hands with 1 eight each. If the player goes over 21 then they are bust.
Acquiring a blackjack (an ace, and a card equivalent to 10) will give the player with a payout of 2-1, but if the casino also has a blackjack the player only gets 1-1. Also a push can occur, when both the player and the casino have the same total. When this happens the player gets their money back.
|Rules for roulette are similar to the real version- players place chips on numbers, as well as number sets, number pairs, odds or evens and red or black. If the ball lands on the number, number set, pair, or color you chose you win a payoff on your money. Each choice pays a different multiple based on how many numbers were picked with a single number having the highest payoff at 35 to 1 (or 36 for 1)
|Slot machines
|Slot machines are another source of gambling. While pretty standard, the slot machines can give the player a wide range of payouts from a small amount to a substantial amount. The price to play a certain machine can vary. The amount of money the player wins depends on the symbols. Playing these do not increase the gambling skill.
|Video poker
|In Video Poker, the player is given 5 cards initially. They then choose which cards to keep and which cards to discard in an attempt to make a hand of a pair of Jacks or Better. They player is then paid according to a defined paytable.
|Wheel of Fortune
|As in roulette, you put money on spots on a board. However, here you can only pick six spots- $1, $2, $5, $10, $20, and the star. The payout for each space is shown by the dollar amount (the star is $40), For example, betting $1 on the $20 spot will give $20 if the player wins. Once done betting, the wheel will be spun. If the wheel lands on the space bet on, the player will win. If not, the player loses.
|Craps (BETA)
|The Craps table was deleted in the released version of San Andreas but the table and the dice are still in the game files(complete with models and textures) but the dice are bigger than usual but the script may resize it.
|Texas Holdem Poker (BETA)
|This gambling game was deleted from the game but the table and the chips are still in the game files(with textures and models, but the table is not solid and the chips are bigger like the dice in the Craps game).


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- faith
Kevin Durantfaith Christian
Ever since Kevin Durant forewent his final three years the University of Texas to enter the NBA ...read all »
Mike Tysonfaith Muslim
Mike Tyson was born in Brooklyn, NY, coming up hard with no father and a mom who died when he was a ...read all »
Dominique Dawesfaith
You would have never known a low self-esteem was burgeoning for this Olympic gold-winning gymnast. D ...read all »
Tim Tebowfaith Christian
College football fans in Alabama usually want nothing to do with college football fans in Florida, ...read all »
Roger Federerfaith Christian - Catholic
Federer is a Swiss tennis pro who holds a number of distinguishable marks, including a record 16 men ...read all »
Kareem Abdul-Jabbarfaith Muslim
Often called the best NBA player of all-time, Kareem Abdul-Jabar was born in Manhattan and raised ...read all »
Chris Paulfaith Christian
In 2005,in the first round and with the fourth overall pick, the New Orleans Hornets drafted Chris P ...read all »
Mariano Riverafaith Christian
The popular Panamanian relief pitcher for the New York Yankees has helped the team win four World Se ...read all »
Jeremy Linfaith Christian
Jeremy Lin is an Asian-American pro basketball player who, despite being bounced from the Warrio ...read all »
Dwayne Wadefaith Christian
Dwayne Wade was born in Chicago, Illinois. His parents divorced and he lived with his dad and stepmo ...read all »
Tobin Heathfaith Christian
New Jersey native Tobin Heath comes from a family that is heavily involved in the Christian faith an ...read all »
Troy Polamalufaith Christian - Catholic
The six time pro bowl selection and Pittsburgh Steelers linebacker may be known for his hard hitting ...read all »
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Canadian Environment Week
May 31 - June 6, 2015
Below are some key events that are celebrated on or around Canadian Environment Week:
International Day for Biological Diversity
The United Nations proclaimed May 22 to be the International Day for Biological Diversity to increase understanding and awareness of biodiversity issues.
May 31 - June 6
Commuter Challenge
The Commuter Challenge is a nation-wide event that promotes friendly competition among organizations and cities to see who can get the highest percentage of employees out of single occupancy vehicles and into healthier and cleaner modes of commuting such as walking, cycling, transit, carpooling, vanpooling and teleworking.
More Details
For more information on Government of Canada environmental initiatives, visit our ecoACTION website at: www.ecoaction.gc.ca
Clean Air Day
Clean Air Day raises awareness and encourages action on clean air and climate change issues. Canadians can show their commitment by participating in activities that contribute to cleaner air, healthier communities and a better quality of life for all.
More Details
The transportation sector is a major contributor of air pollutants and greenhouse gas emissions. For Clean Air Day, why not renew or begin a commitment to sustainable transportation? When you use public transit, cycle, walk and rollerblade, you can reduce your personal emissions, save money used on fuel, contribute to your personal health and much more.
Before you leave home on Clean Air Day and every other day, monitor your local air quality with the Air Quality Health index (AQHI)!
Learn about how Environment Canada is a world leader in clean air science research. This important work is part of our mission to better understand air pollution, its levels, causes and sources, to keep Canadians informed about the air we breathe every day.
World Environment Day
Canadian Environment Week is held during the first week of June to coincide with World Environment Day. This special day was designated by the United Nations in 1972 to stimulate action on the environment and empower people from every corner of the globe to become active agents of sustainable and equitable development.
World Oceans Day
World Oceans Day is a time to remember the critical role of oceans worldwide. This international celebration has grown from a ripple into a tidal wave of awareness about the importance of our oceans.
8-14Rivers to Oceans Week
Rivers to Oceans Week is an opportunity to work together to create an understanding of Canada's watersheds, our connection to fresh- and salt-water environments and what everyone can do to protect and keep watersheds healthy for people and wildlife.
Did You Know?
What are the origins of Canadian Environment Week?
Tom Goode, a Member of Parliament from British Columbia, introduced a bill to designate a week dedicated to the environment. The bill was passed and given Royal Assent in March 1971 with the name "Canadian National Environment Week" being chosen.
When boating, what areas of water should be avoided?
Shallow areas are critical habitats for spawning fish, aquatic plants and aquatic invertebrates. Boating stirs up bottom sediment with propellers. It is best to keep personal watercrafts out of shallow water.
What ingredient in every day cleaning products pollutes our precious bodies of water?
When household cleaners containing phosphates get into rivers and lakes, they cause algae blooms on the surface, robbing the water of oxygen and ultimately killing aquatic life.
Why use cedar chips instead of moth balls?
There are chemicals in mothballs that can harm animals, our environment and us if used incorrectly. Use cedar chips instead. They give off a more pleasing scent, are natural and are better for the environment.
Why use a non-electric lawn mower instead of a gas powered one?
Running your gas powered lawnmower for 1 hour is equal to driving a new car between 320 and 480 kilometres.
- Date modified:


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Changes related to "Customising the JA Purity template/content/breadcrumb"
← Customising the JA Purity template/content/breadcrumb
This is a list of changes made recently to pages linked from a specified page (or to members of a specified category). Pages on your watchlist are bold.
No changes during the given period matching these criteria.


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Better Information Means Safer Health Care
Health information technology (health IT) can play an important role in increasing patient safety by virtue of the information contained in the electronic health record (EHR) and the features (error-checking, notifications, etc.) systems use to ensure high quality care. As just one example, a Congressional Budget Office study estimated that EHRs could reduce prescribing errors by up to 95 percent. Specifically, EHRs can enhance patient safety and provide safer health care through:
- Comprehensiveness: EHRs can offer a more complete picture of your health to your doctors than paper records. This information can give doctors the information they need to evaluate your current condition in the context of your health history and other treatments you may be receiving.
- Speed: In a crisis, EHRs can give those providing your care instant access to information about your medical history, allergies, and prescriptions they can use to make appropriate decisions sooner, instead of waiting for information from test results.
- Flagging potential conflicts: Many EHRs incorporate warning systems to inform doctors when they order a medication that could interact with something you already take. This information can prompt doctors to explore alternatives before a problem occurs.
- Verifying medications and dosages: Many e-prescribing systems incorporate a verification system that checks the barcode on a medication against the drug name and dosage information on the original prescription, helping pharmacists avoid dispensing the wrong medication.
- Reducing the need to repeat risky tests and procedures: Even the safest medical tests and procedures carry risk. Having a comprehensive EHR can reduce the risk of repeating them unnecessarily, leading to safer health care.
Maintaining Realistic Expectations
Any health record — paper-based or electronic — is only as good as the information it contains and how that information is used. On their own, EHRs will not eliminate all medical errors and cannot ensure that patients always get the most effective treatment. Computerized systems, in health care as in any other area, are not perfect. For example, the EHR used by one group of doctors or hospitals may not communicate easily with the system used by another provider group. The Federal government is trying to solve this problem with financial incentives that encourage the development of systems that work together (also called "interoperability").
For providers, changing from paper-based to electronic systems represents an enormous undertaking. In some ways, it's like switching from an old-fashioned typewriter to a word processor. Not surprisingly, the complexity of the transition can itself create problems for some patients. Regardless of how your records are stored today and will be stored tomorrow, partnering with your physician and remaining engaged in every aspect of your health and health care are important to your health.
Learn more:
Do your part to prevent medical errors in your care.
Find out what the government is doing to ease the transition to EHRs for health care providers.
Better Information Means Better Health Care
Traditionally, your primary care physician has been expected to act as the central hub for all your medical records, including laboratory results, tests, and records sent from other doctors. But sometimes — when you change doctors, when providers have out-of-date information, or simply when procedures aren't followed correctly — this system can break down. Health information technology (health IT) offers a better way of establishing that hub.
Consider for a moment all the different types of information that make up your medical record and all the different places that information can come from:
- Medical history, including diagnoses, medications, and allergies, from current and past doctors, emergency facilities, and school clinics
- Immunization history, from current and past doctors, school clinics, workplace clinics, health departments, pharmacies, and emergency facilities
- Laboratory results from physician office labs, hospital labs, and independent labs
- Medical imaging, from a doctor's office, radiology offices, hospital radiology departments, and independent imaging centers
A Single Source
The promise of electronic health records (EHRs) and personal health records (PHRs) is a comprehensive record that includes all of this information: a record that is up to date, complete, accurate, and in the hands of your doctor or you and your family when it's needed. That makes all of your providers more knowledgeable about you and better able to work with you to make more informed decisions about your health.
The main goal of health IT is to improve the quality of your care. For instance, a study of Texas hospitals found that those with more advanced health IT showed fewer deaths and fewer problems with care (also called complications) among their patients compared with patients at hospitals with less advanced health IT.
EHRs can enhance routine medical care by reminding your doctor about the timing of appropriate preventive services for your general well-being or about specific issues related to managing chronic conditions such as diabetes, heart disease, and asthma. For example, a study by Better Health Greater Cleveland [PDF - 310 KB] found that at facilities using EHRs, 51 percent of patients with diabetes received all the recommended care for their condition, compared with 7% at facilities using paper-only records.
Much like the EHR, the PHR can also be an electronic storage "hub" for all your most important health information. It's possible for you to create your own PHR using consumer-friendly software and online services and use it to improve your own health. Your PHR is all about you; you decide whether to create one in the first place, and if so, what to put in it.


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33 U.S. Code § 2713 - Claims procedure
prev | next
(a) Presentation
(b) Presentation to Fund
(1) In general
Claims for removal costs or damages may be presented first to the Fund—
(A) if the President has advertised or otherwise notified claimants in accordance with section 2714 (c) of this title;
(B) by a responsible party who may assert a claim under section 2708 of this title;
(c) Election
If a claim is presented in accordance with subsection (a) of this section and—
(2) the claim is not settled by any person by payment within 90 days after the date upon which
the claimant may elect to commence an action in court against the responsible party or guarantor or to present the claim to the Fund.
(d) Uncompensated damages
If a claim is presented in accordance with this section, including a claim for interim, short-term damages representing less than the full amount of damages to which the claimant ultimately may be entitled, and full and adequate compensation is unavailable, a claim for the uncompensated damages and removal costs may be presented to the Fund.
(e) Procedure for claims against Fund
The President shall promulgate, and may from time to time amend, regulations for the presentation, filing, processing, settlement, and adjudication of claims under this Act against the Fund.
(f) Loan program
(1) In general
The President shall establish a loan program under the Fund to provide interim assistance to fishermen and aquaculture producer claimants during the claims procedure.
(2) Eligibility for loan
A loan may be made under paragraph (1) only to a fisherman or aquaculture producer that—
(A) has incurred damages for which claims are authorized under section 2702 of this title;
(3) Terms and conditions of loans
A loan awarded under paragraph (1)—
(B) shall be for a period ending on the later of—
Source(Pub. L. 101–380, title I, § 1013,Aug. 18, 1990, 104 Stat. 501; Pub. L. 104–324, title XI, § 1142(b),Oct. 19, 1996, 110 Stat. 3991; Pub. L. 108–293, title VII, § 708(a),Aug. 9, 2004, 118 Stat. 1077.)
References in Text
This Act, referred to in subsec. (e), is Pub. L. 101–380, Aug. 18, 1990, 104 Stat. 484, as amended, known as the Oil Pollution Act of 1990, which is classified principally to this chapter. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 2701 of this title and Tables.
2004—Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 108–293added subsec.(f).
1996—Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 104–324substituted "section, including a claim for interim, short-term damages representing less than the full amount of damages to which the claimant ultimately may be entitled," for "section".
Delegation of Functions
LII has no control over and does not endorse any external Internet site that contains links to or references LII.


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Assistant Professor of Fine Arts
, Design Strategies
Assistant Professor of Fine Arts
Solo exhibitions:Lesley Heller Gallery, Dartmouth College, University of Scranton. Selected group exhibitions: Metaphor Contemporary Art, PS 122, Queens Museum, NYC; Brooklyn Museum; Washington Art Association, Washington, CT. Awards: Macdowell Colony, Artists Space Grant.
Core Studio 1: 3D
Making Meaningful Things
< back


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With Christmas fast approaching, a group of Maine art students is putting a new spin on what it means to give, and to receive. The Maine College of Art in Portland was the setting for a recent so-called "Yankee Swap Pop-Up Shop," where students are "selling" their art work - but instead of dollars and cents, the currency here is community service. Tom Porter has more.
"Well, it's part of a program - a new minor at MECA called public engagement," says Paul Gebhardt (above), visiting professor at Maine College of Art, or MECA.
He's standing in a makeshift art gallery next door to MECA in downtown Portland. Posters, prints and t-shirts are on display around him on tables and on the wall. In one corner of the room a student turns a potter's wheel, making ceramic art.
All this stuff is on offer, but not for a monetary price. Students taking his public engagement - or "Art in the Community" - class, put together this pop-up shop to address issues of consumerism and consumer activism - students like Dan Heutz.
"It was a class project - we came up with this idea," he says. "And we kind of wanted to bring awareness to the consumerism and things that kind of surround the holidays, and we kind of wanted to bring some of the good intentions back into it."
Professor Paul Gebhardt explains how it works. "The idea is that if you want to buy any of these locally hand-made artist pieces, you can give half the amount of time of that it took the artist to make the project to something in your life."
He says you can donate time to your family, to your friends, or to a non-profit. "If you want a t-shirt that took four hours to make, you can commit two hours of time someplace in your life," Gebhardt says.
And that's exactly what Dan Gardner did. "I think it's a great idea," he says. "I think it's an interesting way to get people involved in giving back to their community. The community gets something, the community members get a piece of art work so it's a win-win for everybody."
The 31-year-old Portland resident has just been photographed holding a whiteboard. On it are the words "I pledge 2 hours of youth mentoring." This image will be posted to the event's Facebook page, partly as a way of reminding the art-purchasers of their commitment.
Gardner already volunteers in the community - this transaction means he's going to be busier than usual for the next few days. "I mentor with 'Big Brothers Big Sisters' so I'll put in an extra few hours this week," he says.
Tom Porter: "So every time someone closes a deal, they hold up a board saying what they plan to do, and that's kind of their way of making sure that they don't forget."
Dan Gardner: "Right - holding me accountable."
Stopping by with her husband, Sue Chase has her eye on a small child's t-shirt with original artwork on the front depicting a rising sun. In return for the item, she's going to put in a couple of hours at a soup kitchen.
"Christmas has become so much about commercialism and materialism," she says, "and people go out and they spend all this money that they don't really need to spend, on stuff that people already have, because they feel like they have to give. But this way, they can still get a gift, they're supporting local artists and they're supporting the community, or wherever they volunteer."
As well as helping those in need, paying for something in volunteer hours, she says, gives you more appreciation of the effort that's gone into creating an object. And, as one student here pointed out, it sounds a lot more interesting than simply saying, "I bought it at Target."
Photos by Tom Porter.


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A deviated septum occurs when the thin wall (nasal septum) between your nostrils is displaced to one side. In many people, the nasal septum is displaced — or deviated — making one nasal passage smaller.
When a deviated septum is severe, it can block one side of your nose and reduce airflow, causing difficulty breathing. The additional exposure of a deviated septum to the drying effect of airflow through the nose may sometimes contribute to crusting or bleeding in certain individuals.
Nasal obstruction can occur from a deviated nasal septum, from swelling of the tissues lining the nose, or from both. Treatment of nasal obstruction may include medications to reduce the swelling or adhesive strips that may help open the nasal passages. To correct a deviated septum, surgery is necessary.
Most septal deformities result in no symptoms, and you may not even know you have a deviated septum. Some septal deformities, however, may cause the following signs and symptoms:
See your doctor if you experience:
A deviated septum occurs when your nasal septum — the thin wall that separates your right and left nasal passages — is displaced to one side.
A deviated septum can be caused by:
The normal aging process may affect nasal structures, worsening a deviated septum over time. Also, changes in the amount of swelling of nasal tissues, because of developing rhinitis or rhinosinusitis, can accentuate the narrowing of a nasal passage from a deviated septum, resulting in nasal obstruction.
For some people, a deviated septum is present at birth — occurring during fetal development or due to injury during childbirth. After birth, a deviated septum is most commonly caused by an injury that moves your nasal septum out of place. Risk factors include:
If you have a severely deviated septum causing nasal obstruction, it can lead to:
You're likely to start by seeing your family doctor or a general practitioner. However, in some cases when you call to set up an appointment, you may be referred directly to an ear, nose and throat specialist.
Your time with your doctor is limited, so preparing for the doctor's questions to you as well as for your questions to the doctor, can help you make the most of your time together. For a deviated septum and its complications, some questions your doctor may ask you include:
Some basic questions you might ask your doctor include:
In addition to the questions that you've prepared to ask your doctor, don't hesitate to ask further questions during your appointment.
During your visit, your doctor will first ask about any symptoms you may have.
To examine the inside of your nose, the doctor will use a bright light and sometimes an instrument (nasal speculum) designed to spread open your nostrils. Sometimes the doctor will check farther back in your nose with a long tube-shaped scope with a bright light at the tip. The doctor may also look at your nasal tissues before and after applying a decongestant spray.
Based on this exam, he or she can diagnose a deviated septum and determine the seriousness of your condition.
If your doctor is not an ear, nose and throat specialist and treatment is deemed necessary, you may be referred to a specialist for further consultation and treatment.
Initial treatment of a deviated septum may be directed at managing the symptoms of the tissues lining the nose, which may then contribute to symptoms of nasal obstruction and drainage. Your doctor may prescribe:
Medications are only a temporary fix, however, and won't correct a deviated septum.
If you still experience symptoms despite medical therapy, you may consider surgery to correct your deviated septum (septoplasty).
Septoplasty is the usual way to repair a deviated septum. During septoplasty, your nasal septum is straightened and repositioned in the center of your nose. This may require your surgeon to cut and remove parts of your septum before reinserting them in the proper position.
The level of improvement you can expect with surgery depends on the severity of your deviation. Symptoms due to the deviated septum — particularly nasal obstruction — often completely resolve. However, any accompanying nasal or sinus conditions affecting the tissues lining your nose — such as allergies — can't be cured with only surgery.
In some cases, surgery to reshape the nose (rhinoplasty) is performed at the same time as septoplasty. Rhinoplasty involves modifying the bone and cartilage of your nose to change its shape or size or both.
You may be able to prevent the injuries to your nose that can cause deviated septum with these precautions:
Original article: http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/deviated-septum/basics/prevention/con-20031537
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Mayo Clinic is a not-for-profit organization and proceeds from Web advertising help support our mission. Mayo Clinic does not endorse any of the third party products and services advertised.
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Blower Type
(Wall Mount Hoods)
blowers are situated away from the ventilation system and tend run very quietly. Units may sit on your roof or external walls and windows. They are often used by professional chefs because of their power and location outside of the kitchen.
blowers are built into the ventilation system. These units are very common among American households because of their efficiency and ease of installation.
blowers are similar to external blowers. The key difference is where the blower is located. An inline blower is located away from the kitchen but inside the home. They are easier to install and don't interupt the external appearance of your home.
Shop Wall Mount Hood Products


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The shortlisted finalists in the CAPITheticAL international design competition have been announced at the Museum of Australian Democracy, Old Parliament House in Canberra on 17 May 2012. One hundred years after the original call for design entries for Australia's capital city, CAPITheticAL asked the world's best student and professional designers to imagine how an Australian national capital might look if created today.
Over 1200 registrations were received from a range of practitioners: architects, urban planners, environmentalists and artists among them. The jury selected the finalists from a pool of 41 student entries and 73 open category entries (74 entries were received from Australian participants).
Continue reading CAPITheticAL ideas competition shortlist announced