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Rematches rule the day in AAA regional co-finals
CHARLESTON, W.Va. -- Kanawha Valley teams hope to make the most of their second chances this week as the Class AAA boys basketball regionals are staged across the state.
For these games, however, revenge for a regular-season loss isn't the key motivator. A spot in the state tournament is.
Kanawha Valley teams compete on four fronts Tuesday in regional co-finals at South Charleston, Beckley, Hurricane and Huntington. All games tip off at 7 p.m.
The four winners advance to the big show at the Charleston Civic Center from March 13-16, which marks the 100th state tournament in West Virginia.
All four regional games represent rematches of regular-season meetings.
South Charleston, in fact, drubbed Greenbrier East 67-41 just 11 days ago at the Community Center. Black Eagles coach Vic Herbert, however, isn't expecting anything easy on Tuesday.
"Greenbrier East is loaded with talent,'' Herbert said. "They're athletic, they play hard and [coach Jim Justice] does a good job with them.
"The reason we jumped on them when they were here was just because Coach Justice hadn't been here in this situation - at our place with a big crowd. A lot of their kids hadn't been here. It's kind of a new atmosphere. I guarantee you one thing: The second time around, it's not going to be 26 points. They're going to figure out what they need to do and it'll be a nailbiter because a lot's on the line to get to go to Charleston. I'm looking for a real tough game.''
The Spartans were forced into 28 turnovers the last time, leading to several easy baskets for SC.
Senior low post Hunter Moles, who has averaged 16 points over his last four games, doesn't think overconfidence has been a problem for the Black Eagles in the postseason.
"You never want to get overconfident, that's for sure,'' Moles said.
"You look at the last two games we've played - Capital and Riverside. We beat them twice [in the regular season] and we came out and we beat them a third time [by 32 and 30 points, respectively, in the sectionals]. That's what we're going to have to do. It's just the next step in going to states. You come out like it's the biggest game of the year and play as hard as we can.''
Riverside took a whipping from Woodrow in their first meeting, losing 88-45 on Feb. 7 in Quincy.
In that game, five Flying Eagles players tallied 13 or more points, led by Chase Hancock with 18.
Woodrow Wilson totes a 16-game winning streak into the contest, and has been on fire since its first game against the Warriors. Starting with that Feb. 7 contest, the Flying Eagles have been lighting it up at a hair under 80 points per game over their last seven.
Hurricane, coming off just its second winning season in 10 years, can make it all the way back with a victory Tuesday that would secure a state tournament berth. But the Redskins don't think it's going to come easily.
"It's Logan,'' said Hurricane coach Lance Sutherland. "It's kind of that mental thing. If [our players] can get over the name, we'll be OK.
"It's tournament time, and this is when Logan turns it up. They've gotten better. They knocked off Spring Valley [in the sectionals] and they played Huntington to a three-point game at halftime. They're fully capable. They've got the players, and they're starting to get it together at the right time.''
The Redskins won at Logan 67-60, but that was way back on Dec. 11, nearly three months ago. In that game, Hurricane held on despite 29 percent shooting in the fourth quarter and 11 second-half turnovers.
Nitro's already had one crack at Huntington and it didn't go too well, as the Wildcats lost at home 75-43 on Jan. 24.
Chancelor Wooding led the Highlanders in that game with 18 points and Arick Nicks hit his first seven shots and finished with 16 points, 13 rebounds and three blocks while playing about three quarters.
For Nitro, senior guard Angelo Sirianni had 19 points against Huntington, but made only 6 of 23 shots.
Class AA regional games are scheduled for Wednesday around the state and A regionals on Thursday.
Tommy R. Atkinson contributed to this report. Reach Rick Ryan at 304-348-5175 or email@example.com.


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The 'Buy American Bill', which was meant to give preference to American-made goods for purchase by the State of Texas when they are of equal cost and quality to foreign-made products, passed the Senate by a vote of 23-7 and the House 145-0. 96% of Texas legislators supported the bill.
...and Rick Perry vetoed it.
Rick Perry Vetoes Buy American Bill
by Holly Scott
May 30th, 2013
The Texas State Legislature passed House Bill 535 almost unanimously with a House vote of 145-0 and a Senate vote of 23-7 earlier this month. With such a strange display of agreement between the two parties, one has to wonder which issue could spark such bipartisanship.
HB 535, an act relating to the preference given by state agencies to goods offered by bidders in this state or manufactured, produced, or grown in this state or in the United States, was three pages dedicated to simply buying American.
The bill is written to alter the current text of the Texas State Government Code which already endorses the support of Texas grown or produced goods, including agricultural products.The bill encourages buying from:
disabled veteran Texans over other Texans
Texans over those from other states
Those from other U.S. states over foreign nations
In turn, the bill was vetoed by Governor Perry.
Governor Perry, who vetoed the bill May 25, 2013, two days before the end of the 83rd Session,stated Current law already requires state agencies to give preference to goods produced and grown in Texas. While I support and encourage our agencies to buy goods from Texas businesses, this bill simply does not change current law.
While yes, current Texas state law does require agencies to give preference to goods produced and grown in Texas, HB 535 isnt as useless as it is made out to be by the Governors Office.
HB 535 adds manufactured onto the list of requirements, defining it as, with respect to a manufactured good, an item produced as a result of a manufacturing process that alters the form of the components, including articles, materials, or supplies, that are directly incorporated into the item in a manner that adds value and transforms the components, and that is functionally distinct from a finished item produced merely from assembling the components into the item.
The new text would emphasize the importance of including manufacturing as well as clarifying the law, making it easier for agencies to follow.
Shortly after the Governors Office made the veto public, Becky Moeller, president of the Texas AFL-CIO, a state labor federation representing union members, made a press release stating Governor Perry wont stand up for American jobs:
While the 83rd Legislature had a limited opportunity to override this bill which initially passed with near-unanimous support, the time allowed has passed and manufacturing will not be emphasized in the Texas Government Code any time soon.
Gov. Perry by his veto has undercut the creation and preservation of manufacturing jobs in Texas and the U.S. These jobs are critical to our economic success. Despite the governors grandstanding in California and Illinois and his rhetoric about jobs, the veto of HB 535 reveals a painful truth: this Governor wont stand up for American jobs or Texas workers.

subset: commoncrawl


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For the most current version of this Note, see Background Notes A-Z.
Republic of Korea
Area: 98,477 sq. km. (38,022 sq. mi.); about the size of Indiana.
Cities (2004): Capital--Seoul (10.3 million). Other major cities--Pusan (3.8 million), Daegu (2.5 million), Incheon (2.5 million), Gwangju (1.4 million), Daejeon (1.4 million), Ulsan (1.0 million).
Terrain: Partially forested mountain ranges separated by deep, narrow valleys; cultivated plains along the coasts, particularly in the west and south.
Climate: Temperate.
Nationality: Noun and adjective--Korean(s).
Population (2004): 48.42 million.
Population annual growth rate (2004): 0.62%.
Ethnic groups: Korean; small Chinese minority.
Religions: Christianity, Buddhism, Shamanism, Confucianism, Chondogyo.
Language: Korean.
Education: Years compulsory--9. Enrollment--11.5 million. Attendance--middle school 99%, high school 95%. Literacy--98%.
Health (2004): Infant mortality rate--7.05/1,000. Life expectancy--75.58 yrs (men 71.96 yrs.; women 79.54 yrs).
Work force (2004): 22.8 million. Services--68%; mining and manufacturing--20%; agriculture--12%.
Type: Republic with powers shared between the president and the legislature.
Liberation: August 15, 1945.
Constitution: July 17, 1948; last revised 1987.
Branches: Executive--President (chief of state); Prime Minister (head of government). Legislative--unicameral National Assembly. Judicial--Supreme Court and appellate courts; Constitutional Court.
Subdivisions: Nine provinces, seven administratively separate cities (Seoul, Pusan, Incheon, Daegu, Gwangju, Daejeon, Ulsan).
Political parties: Our Open Party/Uri Party (UP); Grand National Party (GNP); Millennium Democratic Party (MDP); United Liberal Democrats (ULD); Democratic People's Party (DLP).
Suffrage: Universal at 20.
Central government budget (2004): Expenditures--$100.46 billion.
Defense (2004): $16.18 billion, about 2.8% of total GDP and 16.2% of government budget (prior to capital expenditures); about 676,000 troops.
Nominal GDP (2004): $680.1 billion.
GDP growth rate: 2002, 7.0%; 2003, 3.1%; 2004 4.6%.
Per capita GNI (2004): $14,162.
Consumer price index: 2003, 3.6%; 2004 3.6%.
Natural resources: Limited coal, tungsten, iron ore, limestone, kaolinite, and graphite.
Agriculture, including forestry and fisheries: Products--rice, vegetables, fruit. Arable land--22% of land area.
Industry: Types--Electronics and electrical products, motor vehicles, shipbuilding, mining and manufacturing, petrochemicals, industrial machinery, textiles, footwear.
Trade (2004): Exports--$257.7 billion: electronic products (semiconductors, cellular phones, computers), automobiles, machinery and equipment, steel, ships, textiles. Major markets--China (including Hong Kong) (19.6%), U.S. (16.9%), European Union (12.8%), Japan (8.5%). Imports--$219.6 billion: crude oil, food, machinery and transportation equipment, chemicals and chemical products, base metals and articles. Major suppliers--Japan (20.6%), China (13.1%), U.S. (12.8%), European Union (10.8%).
Korea's population is one of the most ethnically and linguistically homogenous in the world. Except for a small Chinese community (about 20,000), virtually all Koreans share a common cultural and linguistic heritage. With 48.42 million people, South Korea has one of the world's highest population densities. Major population centers are located in the northwest, southeast, and in the plains south of Seoul-Incheon.
Korea has experienced one of the largest rates of emigration, with ethnic Koreans residing primarily in China (1.9 million), the United States (1.52 million), Japan (681,000), and the countries of the former Soviet Union (450,000).
The Korean language is related to Japanese and Mongolian. Although it differs grammatically from Chinese and does not use tones, a large number of Chinese cognates exist in Korean. Chinese ideograms are believed to have been brought into Korea sometime before the second century BC. The learned class spoke Korean, but read and wrote Chinese. A phonetic writing system ("hangul") was invented in the 15th century by King Sejong to provide a writing system for commoners who could not read classic Chinese. Modern Korean uses hangul almost exclusively with Chinese characters in limited use for word clarification. Approximately 1,300 Chinese characters are used in modern Korean. English is taught as a second language in most primary and secondary schools. Chinese and Japanese are widely taught at secondary schools.
Half of the population actively practices religion. Among this group, Christianity (49%) and Buddhism (47%) comprise Korea's two dominant religions. Though only 3% identified themselves as Confucianists, Korean society remains highly imbued with Confucian values and beliefs. The remaining 1% of the population practice Shamanism (traditional spirit worship) and Chondogyo, ("Heavenly Way") a traditional religion.
The myth of Korea's foundation by the god-king Tangun in BC 2333 embodies the homogeneity and self-sufficiency valued by the Korean people. Korea experienced many invasions by its larger neighbors in its 2,000 years of recorded history. The country repelled numerous foreign invasions despite domestic strife, in part due to its protected status in the Sino-centric regional political model during Korea's Chosun dynasty (1392-1910). Historical antipathies to foreign influence earned Korea the title of "Hermit Kingdom" in the 19th century.
With declining Chinese power and a weakened domestic posture at the end of the 19th century, Korea was open to Western and Japanese encroachment. In 1910, Japan began a 35-year period of colonial rule over Korea. As a result of Japan's efforts to supplant the Korean language and culture, memories of Japanese annexation still recall fierce animosity and resentment, especially among older Koreans. Nevertheless, import restrictions on Japanese movies, popular music, fashion, and the like have been lifted, and many Koreans, especially the younger generations, eagerly follow Japanese pop culture.
Japan's surrender to the Allied Powers in 1945, signaling the end of World War II, only further embroiled Korea in foreign rivalries. Division at the 38th Parallel marked the beginning of Soviet and U.S. trusteeship over the North and South, respectively. On August 15, 1948 the Republic of Korea (R.O.K.) was established, with Syngman Rhee as the first President; on September 9, 1948, the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (D.P.R.K.) was established under Kim Il Sung.
On June 25, 1950, North Korean forces invaded South Korea. Led by the U.S., a 16-member coalition undertook the first collective action under United Nations Command (UNC). Following China's entry on behalf of North Korea later that year, a stalemate ensued for the final two years of the conflict. Armistice negotiations, initiated in July 1951, were ultimately concluded on July 27, 1953 at Panmunjom, in the now Demilitarized Zone (DMZ). The Armistice Agreement was signed by representatives of the Korean People's Army, the Chinese People's Volunteers, and the U.S.-led United Nations Command (UNC). Though the R.O.K. supported the UNC, it refused to sign the Armistice Agreement. A peace treaty has never been signed. The war left almost three million Koreans dead or wounded and millions of others homeless and separated from their families.
In the following decades, South Korea experienced political turmoil under autocratic leadership. President Syngman Rhee was forced to resign in April 1960 following a student-led uprising. The Second Republic under the leadership of Chang Myon ended after only one year, when Major General Park Chung-hee led a military coup. Park's rule, which resulted in tremendous economic growth and development but increasingly restricted political freedoms, ended with his assassination in 1979. Subsequently, a powerful group of military officers, led by Lieutenant General Chun Doo Hwan, declared martial law and took power.
Throughout the Park and Chun eras, South Korea developed a vocal civil society that led to strong protests against authoritarian rule. Composed primarily of students and labor union activists, protests movements reached a climax after Chun's 1979 coup and declaration of martial law. A confrontation in Gwangju in 1980 left at least 200 civilians dead. Thereafter, pro-democracy activities intensified even more, ultimately forcing political concessions by the government in 1987, including the restoration of direct presidential elections.
In 1987, Roh Tae-woo, a former general, was elected president, but additional democratic advances during his tenure resulted in the 1992 election of a long-time pro-democracy activist, Kim Young-sam. Kim became Korea's first civilian elected president in 32 years. The 1997 presidential election and peaceful transition of power marked another step forward in Korea's democratization when Kim Dae-jung, a life-long democracy and human rights activist, was elected from a major opposition party. The transition to an open, democratic system was further consolidated in 2002, when self-educated human rights lawyer, Roh Moo-hyun won the presidential election on a "participatory government" platform.
South Korea is a republic with powers shared between the presidency, the legislature and the judiciary. The president is chief of state and is elected for a single term of 5 years. The 299 members of the unicameral National Assembly are elected to 4-year terms--243 members are from single-seat districts and 46 members are chosen by proportional representation. South Korea's judicial system comprises a Supreme Court, appellate courts, and a Constitutional Court; the judiciary is independent under the constitution. The country has nine provinces and seven administratively separate cities--the capital of Seoul, along with Pusan, Daegu, Daejeon, Gwangju, Incheon and Ulsan. Political parties include the Democratic Labor Party (DLP), Grand National Party (GNP); Millennium Democratic Party (MDP); and, Our Open Party/"Uri" Party (UP). Suffrage is universal at age 20.
In December 2002, President Roh Moo-hyun was elected to a single 5-year term of office. In the April 2004 elections, the Uri Party won an slim, but outright majority in the National Assembly; however, subsequently lost it after a handful of Uri Party assembly members were forced out of their seats by combination of political in-fighting and election fund-raising scandals. In the by-elections of April 2005, the main opposition Grand National Party (GNP) won five of six seats in the National Assembly, possibly indicating a shift in public support of the opposition.
Principal Government Officials
President--Roh Moo-hyun
Prime Minister--Lee Hae-chan
Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Education and Human Resource Development--Kim Jin-pyo
Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Finance and Economy--Han Duck-soo
Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Science and Technology--Oh Myung
Minister of Agriculture and Forestry--Park Hong-soo
Minister of Commerce, Industry and Energy--Lee Hee-beom
Minister of Construction and Transportation--Choo Byung-jik
Minister of Culture and Tourism--Chung Dong-chae
Minister of Environment--Lee Jae-yong
Minister of Foreign Affairs and Trade--Ban Ki-moon
Minister of Gender Equality--Jang Ha-jun
Minister of Government Administration & Home Affairs--Oh Young-kyo
Minister of Government Policy Coordination--Han Duck-soo
Minister of Health and Welfare--Kim Geun-tae
Minister of Information and Communication--Chin Dae-je
Minister of Justice--Chun Jung-bae
Minister of Labor Affairs--Kim Dae-hwan
Minister of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries--O Geo-don
Minister of National Defense--Yoon Kwang-ung
Minister of Planning and Budget--Byeon Yang-kyoon
Minister of Unification and Chairman of the Principals' Committee--Chung Dong-young
Director of the National Intelligence Service--Kim Seong-kyu
National Security Adviser--Kwon Chin-ho
Ambassador to the U.S.--Hong Seok-hyun
Ambassador to the UN--Kim Sam-hoon
Korea maintains an embassy in the United States at 2450 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008 (tel. 202-939-5600). Consulates general are located in Atlanta, Boston, Chicago, Honolulu, Houston, Los Angeles, New York, San Francisco, Seattle, and Hagatna (Agana) in Guam.
The Republic of Korea's economic growth over the past 30 years has been spectacular. Per capita GNP, only $100 in 1963, exceeded $14,000 in 2004. South Korea is now the United States' seventh-largest trading partner and is the 11th-largest economy in the world.
In the early 1960s, the government of Park Chung Hee instituted sweeping economic policy changes emphasizing exports and labor-intensive light industries, leading to rapid debt-financed industrial expansion. The government carried out a currency reform, strengthened financial institutions, and introduced flexible economic planning. In the 1970s Korea began directing fiscal and financial policies toward promoting heavy and chemical industries, as well as consumer electronics and automobiles. Manufacturing continued to grow rapidly in the 1980s and early 1990s.
In recent years Korea's economy moved away from the centrally planned, government-directed investment model toward a more market-oriented one. Korea bounced back from the 1997-98 crisis with some International Monetary Fund (IMF) assistance, but based largely on extensive financial reforms that restored stability to markets. These economic reforms, pushed by President Kim Dae-jung, helped Korea maintain one of Asia's few expanding economies, with growth rates of 10% in 1999 and 9% in 2000. The slowing global economy and falling exports contributed to slower 3.3% growth in 2001, prompting consumer stimulus measures that led to 7.0% growth in 2002. Consumer over-shopping and rising household debt, along with external factors, slowed growth to near 3% again in 2003. Economic performance in 2004 improved to 4.6%, based largely on vibrant exports.
Economists are particularly concerned that South Korea's economic growth potential has fallen, due to structural problems that are becoming increasingly apparent, along with a rapidly aging population. Foremost among these structural concerns is the rigidity of South Korea's labor regulations and the need for more constructive relations between management and workers; the country's underdeveloped financial markets and a general lack of regulatory transparency are also key concerns. Restructuring of Korean conglomerates ("chaebols") and creating a more liberalized economy with a mechanism for bankrupt firms to exit the market are also important unfinished reform tasks. Korean policy makers are increasingly worried about diversion of corporate investment to China and other lower wage countries.
North-South Economic Ties
North and South Korea have moved forward on a number of economic cooperation projects. The following projects are most prominent:
Two-way trade between North and South Korea, legalized in 1988, had risen to $697 million by 2004. This total included a substantial quantity of non-trade goods provided to the North as aid (food, fertilizer, etc.) or as part of inter-Korean cooperative projects. Approximately half of the total trade consisted of commercial transactions and was trade based on processing-on-commission arrangements. The R.O.K. is North Korea's second largest trading partner.
In August 1991, South Korea joined the United Nations along with North Korea and is active in most UN specialized agencies and many international forums. The Republic of Korea also hosted major international events such as the 1988 Summer Olympics, the 2002 World Cup Soccer Tournament (co-hosted with Japan), and the 2002 Second Ministerial Conference of the Community of Democracies.
The Republic of Korea maintains diplomatic relations with more than 170 countries and a broad network of trading relationships. The United States and Korea are allied by the 1954 Mutual Defense Treaty. Korea and Japan coordinate closely on numerous issues. This includes consultations with the United States on North Korea policy.
Economic considerations have a high priority in Korean foreign policy. The R.O.K. seeks to build on its economic accomplishments to increase its regional and global role. It is a founding member of the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) forum and is currently the chair through the end of 2005.
Korean Peninsula: Reunification and Recent Developments
For almost 20 years after the 1950-53 Korean War, relations between North and South Korea were minimal and very strained. Official contact did not occur until in 1971, beginning with Red Cross contacts and family reunification projects in 1985. In the early 1990s, relations between both countries improved with the 1991 South-North Basic Agreement, which acknowledged that reunification was the goal of both governments, and the 1992 Joint Declaration of Denuclearization. However, divergent positions on the process of reunification, and North Korean weapons programs, compounded by South Korea's tumultuous domestic politics and the 1994 death of North Korean leader Kim Il-sung, contributed to a cycle of warming and cooling of relations between North and South.
Relations improved again following the 1997 election of Kim Dae-jung. His "Sunshine Policy" of engagement with the D.P.R.K. set the stage for the historic June 2000 inter-Korean summit between President Kim and North Korean leader Kim Jong Il. President Kim was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 2000 for the policy, but the prize was somewhat tarnished by revelations of a $500 million dollar "payoff" to North Korea that immediately preceded the summit.
Relations again became tense following the October 2002 North Korean acknowledgement of a covert program to enrich uranium for nuclear weapons. Following this acknowledgement, the United States, along with the People's Republic of China, proposed multilateral talks among the concerned parties to deal with this issue. At the urging of China and its neighbors, the D.P.R.K. agreed to meet with China and the United States in April 2003. In August of that year, the D.P.R.K. agreed to attend Six-Party Talks aimed at ending the North's pursuit of nuclear weapons that added the Republic of Korea, Japan, and Russia to the table. Two more rounds of Six-Party Talks between the United States, the Republic of Korea, Japan, China, and the D.P.R.K. were held in February and June of 2004. At the third round, the U.S. put forward a comprehensive proposal aimed at completely, verifiably, and irreversibly eliminating North Korea's nuclear weapons programs. A fourth round of talks commenced in July 2005.
The United States believes that the question of peace and security on the Korean Peninsula is, first and foremost, a matter for the Korean people to decide.
Under the 1954 U.S.-R.O.K. Mutual Defense Treaty, the United States agreed to help the Republic of Korea defend itself against external aggression. Since that time in support of this commitment, the United States has maintained military personnel in Korea, including the Army's Second Infantry Division and several Air Force tactical squadrons. To coordinate operations between these units and the 676,000-strong Korean armed forces, a Combined Forces Command (CFC) was established in 1978. The head of the CFC also serves as Commander of the United Nations Command (UNC) and U.S. Forces Korea (USFK).
Several aspects of the security relationship are changing as the U.S. moves from a leading to a supporting role. In 2004 agreement was reached on the return of the Yongsan base in Seoul--as well as a number of other U.S. bases--to the R.O.K. and the eventual relocation of all U.S. forces to south of the Han River. In addition, the U.S. and R.O.K. Governments reached agreement to redeploy 12,500 of the 37,500 U.S. troops out of Korea by 2008. At the same time U.S. troops are being redeployed from Korea, the U.S. will bolster combined U.S./R.O.K. deterrent and defense capabilities by providing $11 billion in force enhancements in Korea and at regional facilities over the next four years.
As Korea's economy has developed, trade has become an increasingly important aspect of the U.S.-Korea relationship. The U.S. seeks to improve access to Korea's expanding market and increase investment opportunities for American business. The implementation of structural reforms contained in the IMF's 1998 program for Korea improved access to the Korean market, although a range of serious sectoral and structural barriers still remain. Korean leaders appear determined to successfully manage the complex economic relationship with the United States and to take a more active role in international economic fora as befits Korea's status as a major trading nation.
Principal U.S. Embassy Officials
Charg� d'affaires--Mark C. Minton
Commander in Chief, UNC--Gen. Leon LaPorte
Counselor for Political Affairs--Joseph Yun
Counselor for Economic Affairs--Kurt W. Tong
Counselor for Management Affairs--An Le
Counselor for Public Affairs--Don Q. Washington
Consul General--Michael Kirby
Counselor for Commercial Affairs--Carmine D'Aloisio
Counselor for Agricultural Affairs--Larry Senger
Chief, Joint U.S. Military Advisory Group, Korea (JUSMAG-K)--Col. John R. Freund, U.S. Army
Defense Attach�--Col. Steven F. Beal, U.S. Army
Drug Enforcement Administration, Special Agent in Charge--Christopher Browning
Foreign Broadcast Information Service, Seoul Bureau Chief--Karen Schmoll
DHS-Immigration & Customs Enforcement Attach�--Barry Tang
DHS-Citizenship & Immigration Services--Jose R. Olivares
DHS-Customs & Border Protection Representative--Stephen Bows
Federal Bureau of Investigation Legal Attach�--J. Sung Maeng
The U.S. Embassy in South Korea is located at 32 Sejong-no, Jongno-gu, Seoul 110-710; The mailing address from the U.S. is: American Embassy-Seoul, Unit 15550, APO AP 96205-5550 (tel.: 82-2-397-4114; fax: 82-2-738-8845). The U.S. Agricultural Trade Office (ATO) is located at 146-1, Susong-dong, Jongno-gu, Leema Bldg., Rm. 303, Seoul 110-140 (fax: 82-2-720-7921). The U.S. Export Development Office/U.S. Trade Center can be reached c/o U.S. Embassy (fax: 82-2-739-1628).
Additional Resources
The following general country guides are available from the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402:
Library of Congress. . 1994.
Library of Congress. . 1992.
Department of State. The Record on Korean Unification 1943-1960. 1961.
Department of the Army. Communist North Korea: A Bibliographic Survey. 1971.
Internet Resources on North and South Korea
The following sites are provided to give an indication of Internet sites on Korea. The Department of State does not endorse unofficial publications, including Internet sites.


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Under Surveillance
this wiki
- "Just like Kenji, always trying to play with my toys."
- ―Asuka Kasen.
Under Surveillance is a mission in Grand Theft Auto III given to protagonist Claude by Yakuza co-leader Asuka Kasen from her condominium in the Newport district of Staunton Island, Liberty City.
Claude drops by Asuka Kasen's condo and meets her and is also introduced to her brother Kenji Kasen. Asuka informs Claude that the Leone Family are trying to hunt him down and kill him after the assassination of Salvatore Leone in his hands; in the PC version, it is the FBI that establishes the surveillance operation. The player is required to track down and eliminate three groups of surveillance crews are waiting at different spots within 6 minutes and 30 seconds, but may deal with them at any order. They include:
- Two men on an island in the Belleville Park lake, near of the Landstalker.
- Two men in a black Rumpo van in Torrington.
- Six men on the balconies of a skyscraper opposite Kenji's Casino in Torrington.
By firing the first shot at these targets or venturing too close to them, the group will fire back at the player if the player is within their sights. By wiping out all three groups, the player immediately completes the mission.
Mission objectives
In order to complete the mission the player must:
- Take out the three groups of spies
The reward for this mission is $15,000 and the missions Paparazzi Purge and Kanbu Bust-out become available.
- The Rumpo used by the Leone Family / FBI in this mission has a unique jet black color, it means, it can not be seen as normal car in the streets, matching other vehicles used by the Leone Family / FBI in both GTA III and Grand Theft Auto: Liberty City Stories.
- If Claude drives or walks below the building in Torrington, he can hear gunfire already, but will not be hit, as the gunmen are too high and are at a wrong angle to hit Claude. They can only hit him when he shoots snipers at them from Kenji's Casino.
Video walkthroughs
|PS2 Version
|PC version


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This imposing country house is set in 350 acres of grounds, including two golf courses, one of which is of championship standard. Bedrooms come in two distinct styles: modern suites in a purpose-built...More about Murrayshall House Hotel & Golf Course
This modern hotel is located in the centre of the city, close to Edinburgh Castle. Smart and stylish public areas include a cosmopolitan bar, brasserie-style restaurant and indoor leisure facilities. ...More about Novotel Edinburgh Centre
Premier Inn St Andrews features an on-site Thyme restaurant, and new generation bedrooms each with an impressive 40" flat screen TV; bright, modern bathroom with a large shower head; and brand new, sl...More about Premier Inn St Andrews
This property enjoys an excellent location for those travelling to and from Scotland, or as a base for visiting anywhere in the central belt. The inn is located just off the M74 with links to nearby G...More about Innkeeper's Lodge Glasgow
With its international reputation for high standards, this grand hotel provides something for everyone. Set in 850 acres of glorious countryside, Gleneagles offers a peaceful retreat, as well as many ...More about The Gleneagles Hotel
Arden Guest House is well situated on the south-east side of the city, close to the hospital, and benefits from off-road parking. Many thoughtful extras are provided as standard, including WiFi. Atten...More about Arden Guest House
A relaxed and friendly atmosphere prevails at Whitecroft, a charming, modern bed and breakfast. The bedrooms, all of which are on the ground floor, are attractively colour co-ordinated, well-equipped ...More about Whitecroft Bed & Breakfast
This centrally located luxury hotel near to the Festival Theatre is owned and operated by the Royal College of Surgeons, with all profits helping to train surgeons around the world. Stylish bedrooms a...More about Ten Hill Place Hotel
An imposing turreted mansion, this hotel lies in attractive gardens on the outskirts of town close to the River Tweed. It boasts elegant public areas and many spacious bedrooms, some with excellent vi...More about Kingsknowes Hotel
You'd have to go a long way to find views better than the ones enjoyed by this recently refurbished Inn. Overlooking the harbour in Elie, the Inn is the kind of place you dream of visiting on a warm s...More about The Ship Inn


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Ok so just another spooky day at FrightCatalog.com right? Not so fast. I forgot my power cord at home so I ran home around lunch to pick it up. Leaving my house I saw a green tube crawling acroos my street. I was just going to keep driving and I wish I did. Of course curiosity kills the cat. I turned around, got out of the car and took a picture. I always have my handy Paper Mate pen with me so I put it down for reference.
When I put the pen down this think shrunk up a little so it's even larger when its extended. In this picture this thing was about 4″, extended I could see it at 5″. Another weird thing was that it looks like it was twisting as it crawled.
The most horrifying part of this whole thing, besides the size, was the stinger on the end of it. The stinger was a good 1/4″ of pure horror.
Of course as I am writing this blog Shawn who sits next to me said he would eat it. Yea right.


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The Power of Independent Thinking
Love Gov on Stossel: "Let's Break Up with Government"
Recorded: Friday, September 25, 2015
Television personality John Stossel (host of Stossel on Fox Business) featured our new satirical, YouTube video seriesLove Gov: "From First Date to Mandate" on September 25th, 2015.
Experts: John StosselType: TelevisionIssues: Education, Government Power
John C. Goodman on Stossel
Recorded: Thursday, June 21, 2012
Research Fellow John C. Goodman, author of Priceless: Curing the Healthcare Crisis, joins a panel on Stossel to speak on today's healthcare issues.
Experts: John C. Goodman, John StosselType: TelevisionIssues: Free Market Economics, Health Care, Public Health/ Consumer Protection
John Stossel: Why Government FailsBut Free Individuals Succeed
Recorded: Thursday, April 19, 2012
Part 1 |
Part 2
John Stossel of Fox Business Network speaks about his new book, No, They Cant: Why Government FailsBut Individuals Succeed.
Experts: John StosselType: Independent Institute EventIssues: Culture/ Society, Free Market Economics, Freedom, Government Power, Government Waste/Pork
New Directions for Peace and Security
Recorded: Tuesday, November 6, 2007
Part 1 |
Part 2
Part 3
Part 4
Part 5
Part 6
For more than a century U.S. foreign policywhether conducted by Democrats or Republicanshas been based on the assumption that Americans interests are served best by intervening abroad to secure markets, fight potential enemies far from American shores, or engage in democratic nation building. But, what is the record of such policies, including now in Iraq?
Experts: Carl P. Close, Jeffrey Rogers Hummel, James L. Payne, Edward P. StringhamType: Independent Institute EventIssues: Defense and Foreign Policy
John Stossel | Confessions of a Media Maverick
Recorded: Friday, January 30, 2004
When pioneering television journalist John Stossel joined ABC-TV's "20/20" in 1981, his peers and an admiring public hailed him as a crusading consumer reporter. His hard-hitting, in-your-face exposes of con artists and corporate liars and crooks won him 19 Emmys and an avid following. But, could the use of government power and the Nanny State be the biggest scam of all?
In his new book, Give Me a Break, Stossel takes on a herd of sacred cows and examines how in the name of the "public interest," ambitious politicians and bureaucrats, intellectually lazy and opportunistic reporters, scaremongers, and predatory lawyers make life worse, especially for those most disadvantaged.
In this event John Stossel explained how his investigations of government waste, fraud and abuse; welfare for the rich; victimless crimes; self-serving interest groups; and sensationalist-media hyping (while ignoring real risks) reveal the crucial need to protect the civil and economic liberties of all people.
John Stossel, author of Give Me a Break. is co-anchor of ABC's "20/20." He also hosts ABC's "John Stossel Specials" for ABC television and radio, and ABCNews.com. In addition to having received 19 Emmy Awards, he has been honored five times for excellence in consumer reporting by the National Press Club. Among his other awards are the George Polk Award for Outstanding Local Reporting and the George Foster Peabody Award.
David J. Theroux is Founder and President of the Independent Institute.
Experts: John StosselType: Independent Institute EventIssues: Business, Culture/ Society, Entertainment, Free Market Economics, Government Power, Government Waste/Pork
The Civil War: Liberty and American Leviathan
Recorded: Wednesday, November 17, 1999
The Civil War was a great turning point in American history. It abolished the evil of slavery, established federal power over the states, andparadoxicallycreated precedents that restrict individual freedom today. The ideas and personalities of the Civil War are forever etched in our memory, but they are not merely of historic interest. Based on their acclaimed books, Henry Mayer and Jeffrey Rogers Hummel will discuss the abolitionists, political and business interests, war mobilization and conduct, etc.and how they continue to shape American society.
Jeffrey Rogers Hummel
Professor of Economics, Golden Gate University
Henry E. Mayer
National Book Award Finalist
Author, All on Fire: William Lloyd Garrison and the Abolition of Slavery
Experts: Jeffrey Rogers Hummel, Henry E. MayerType: Independent Institute EventIssues: History (U.S)


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FORT WAYNE (www.incnow.tv) - Saint Francis wasted no time knocking the hope out of Goshen College Saturday with a 20-0 start that led to an 89-37 conquest of the Maple Leafs at Hutzell Athletic Center.
The Lady Cougars scored 15 points off 11 GC turnovers in the first 3:46 to bolt to that 20-0 start.
Kayla Drake's 21 points led a Lady Cougar attack that saw all but one player on the roster score.
Sixth ranked USF raised its record to 22-2 with the win.
For highlights click on the video icon on the screen above.
What are your thoughts CLICK HERE to leave us a "QUESTION OF THE DAY" comment.
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May 6, 2016
The Greenville City Council voted five to one Monday night to pass a resolution that opposes the controversial constitutional amendment on the May 8 ballot in North Carolina.
Councilwoman Marion Blackburn, who represents District 3, introduced the resolution against North Carolina Amendment One, which would define man-woman marriage as "the only domestic legal union."
The only council member to vote against Blackburn's resolution was Max Joyner, Jr., who represents District 5.
Mayor Allen Thomas did not vote; he only does so if his vote is need to break a tie.
Gay marriage is illegal in North Carolina, but amendment supporters want that placed in the constitution to add another layer of protection for traditional marriage.
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Quality CareFind out why Mayo Clinic is the right place for your health care. Make an appointment.
Meet the StaffFind a directory of doctors and departments at all Mayo Clinic campuses. Visit now.
Research and Clinical TrialsSee how Mayo Clinic research and clinical trials advance the science of medicine and improve patient care. Explore now.
Visit Our SchoolsEducators at Mayo Clinic train tomorrow's leaders to deliver compassionate, high-value, safe patient care. Choose a degree.
Professional ServicesExplore Mayo Clinic's many resources and see jobs available for medical professionals. Get updates.
Give to Mayo ClinicHelp set a new world standard in care for people everywhere. Give now.
Mayo Clinic offers appointments in Arizona, Florida and Minnesota and at Mayo Clinic Health System locations.
Subscribe to Housecall
Our general interest e-newsletter keeps you up to date on a wide variety of health topics.
At Mayo Clinic, we take the time to listen, to find answers and to provide you the best care.
Nicotine dependence — also called tobacco dependence — is an addiction to tobacco products caused by the drug nicotine. Nicotine dependence means you can't stop using the substance, even though it's causing you harm.
Nicotine produces physical and mood-altering effects in your brain that are temporarily pleasing. These effects make you want to use tobacco and lead to dependence. At the same time, stopping tobacco use causes withdrawal symptoms, including irritability and anxiety.
While it's the nicotine in tobacco that causes nicotine dependence, the toxic effects of tobacco result from other substances in tobacco. Smokers have much higher rates of heart disease, stroke and cancer than nonsmokers do.
Regardless of how long you've smoked, stopping smoking can improve your health. Many effective treatments for nicotine dependence are available to help you manage withdrawal and stop smoking for good. Ask your doctor for help.
Mayo Clinic is a not-for-profit organization. Proceeds from website advertising help support our mission. Mayo Clinic does not endorse non-Mayo products and services.
Check out these best-sellers and special offers on books and newsletters from Mayo Clinic.
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A single copy of these materials may be reprinted for noncommercial personal use only. "Mayo," "Mayo Clinic," "MayoClinic.org," "Mayo Clinic Healthy Living," and the triple-shield Mayo Clinic logo are trademarks of Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research.
We comply with the HONcode standard for trustworthy health information: verify here.


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WASHINGTON – Anyone who has struggled to fit into a tight parallel parking space before will appreciate this especially difficult feat. Not only did the driver park in the very small space, he did so without stopping.
Ronny Wechselberger holds the new Guinness World Record for tightest parallel parking job. It was recorded as part of the Guinness World Record TV show.
The Volkswagen used in the attempt is 11-feet, 7.37-inches long. Wechselberger parked in a 12-foot, 0.88-inch space.
The distance was measured electronically with a laser device and also with measuring tape, Guinness states on its YouTube channel.
Follow WTOP on Twitter.
(Copyright 2012 by WTOP. All Rights Reserved.)
Check out the next group of inductees into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame plus a few contenders who've yet to be nominated.


text: This simple tool makes emptying your espresso maker's portafilter a snap. Simply strike your portafilter against the rubberized knock bar to empty a used coffee puck into the bowl for a more sanitary and convenient way to dispose of grounds. The beautiful brushed steel finish looks great on any kitchen countertop.


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The Office of the Head of the Department of Magical Law Enforcement is an office located at the Headquarters of the Ministry of Magic. Yaxley is the only known Head of the Department of Magical Law Enforcement who made use of this office, but presumably other Heads like Justus Pilliwickle, Bartemius Crouch, Amelia Bones and Pius Thicknesse used it, too.
Under Yaxley
When Yaxley became the Head of the Department of Magical Law Enforcement during the Voldemort/Pius Thicknesse regime at the Ministry, the office became his with the position. When Harry Potter, Ron Weasley, and Hermione Granger infiltrated the Ministry in 1997, Ron, who was impersonating Reg Cattermole of the Magical Maintenance Department, had to go to Yaxley's office because it was raining. Hermione suggested that he try to use Finite Incantatem to remove any hexes or curses that had been placed on the room. Ron, impersonating Reginald, asked if Yaxley had tried an umbrella, trying to be funny.
- Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows (Mentioned only)
- Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows: Part 1 (Mentioned only)


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May 6, 2016
Thirty-one percent of those polled in late April call the war a success, down from 39 percent in March.
The poll is sponsored by the Milwaukee Journal Sentinel and The Capital Times of Madison. It's based on a random sample of 511 adults questioned by the UW Survey Center.
The results have a margin of error of plus or minus four percentage points.
Pollster Donald Ferree says Republicans are overwhelmingly supportive of the rationale and conduct of the war, but Democrats are divided on the topic.
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Vol State evening classes at Springfield High School
Submitted on July 27, 2010 at 11:02 AM
Volunteer State Community College is offering nine evening courses this fall at Springfield High School. They include: American Literature, Music Appreciation, Astronomy, Intermediate Algebra, General Psychology, and English Composition I. Several Emergency Medical Technician courses will also be taught, including EMS basic theories and EMS Clinical Basic. Those courses require acceptance to the EMT program. Classes start August 30 and registration is open now.
Vol State at Springfield offers general education requirement classes that will apply to many degrees and programs at the college. They also provide an opportunity for students to take basic courses that can apply for credit at many other colleges and universities. Students can register online at www.volstate.edu. New students will need to apply to the College before they can register for classes. That can also be accomplished online. Admissions Advisors can walk new students through the process. Call 615-230-3688.
A service provided by the Office of Public Relations.


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giggle GAB
Get the inside scoop on all things giggle, read guest posts from friends and expert bloggers, and more.
9 Months
Expecting? We've got some great advice to prepare you for your pregnancy and the birth of your child.
Nursing Know-How
Start your breastfeeding off right with helpful information from non-profit Best for Babes.
City Mom
Learn strategies for navigating public transportation, crowded streets and small living spaces from Manhattan mom Monica Storch.
Healthy Home
Build a healthy environment for your baby with practical and easy tips from national nonprofit Healthy Child Healthy World.
Parent Talk
Get tips from the trenches with this information-packed blog from the authors of The Rookie Mom's Handbook and Stuff Every Mom Should Know, Heather Flett and Whitney Moss.
Hip Baby
Get fun fashion advice from blogger Nadia Carriere for the 40 weeks before and after your baby is born.
Grab Bag
What's happening at giggle? Get the latest, learn about promotions, and read posts by some giggle friends and special guests.
Tag Archives: medications
Breastfeeding and Taking Medication
Be thankful for modern medicine. It can get us through a common cold and is often critical when managing a chronic condition. But when you're breastfeeding, every medication can get into your breast milk. While some medicines are compatible with … More
Posted in Nursing Know-How Tagged blood plasma, breastfeeding, Dr. Thomas Hale, drugs, herbs, la leche league, medications, nursing, over the counter medications, pregnancy, vitamins Comments Off on Breastfeeding and Taking Medication


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First things first: we join and support the observations made by our longtime friend Sid Hartman in his columns last week that "Firing Smith would be a big mistake for Gophers."
Once again, the University of Minnesota (1) showed no class; (2) showed no professionalism; and (3) lied, firing Coach Smith just three months after signing him to a three-year extension. They leaked it to the news media before telling Tubby. They tried to cover with "leaks happen" when it kept secret a year it's extending the contract of its losing women's basketball coach. They purposefully attempted to humiliate a great coach, a decent human being, and a recognized high-caliber coach with a national title to his credit. Instead, they humiliated themselves, showed their indecency, and exposed the pettiness of self-centered bureaucrats. Continue Reading →


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The Fox on the Fairway
Wednesday May 15, 2013
The Dinner Theatre will become the "clubhouse" for a hilarious show about a wild game of Golf. It's a tribute from playwright Ken Ludwig (Lend Me A Tenor, Moon Over Buffalo) to the great English farces of the 1930s and 1940s. The Fox On the Fairway takes audiences on a hilarious romp which pulls the rug out from underneath the stuffy denizens of a private country club. Filled with mistaken identities, slamming doors, and over-the-top romantic shenanigans, it's a furiously paced comedy that recalls the Marx Brothers' classics. A charmingly madcap adventure about love, life, and man's eternal love affair with... golf.Dinner, 7:00 p.m. | Show, 8:00 p.m. Reservations are required.Tickets are $45 for dinner and the show. $30 for show only.Call the box office at 706-793-8552 for more information and to reserve your seat.
Arts & Culture, Culinary
At 8:00pm - 10:00pm
- Fort Gordon Dinner Theatre
- Fort Gordon 3rd Avenue, Building 32100 , Fort Gordon, GA 30905
(706) 791-4389


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Special Order items generally ship within 4 weeks directly from the manufacturer and are not eligible for next day delivery shipping. Made to order, this item is non-refundable.
An aerial view of lower Manhattan reminds many of New York before the World Trade Center, and when the tip of the island was scored with piers. We're pleased to offer this photograph as part of our partnership with The New York Times Archive.


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The competition is underway at the Mulberry Town Pokemon Contest, where Harley has teamed up with Team Rocket to plot May's downfall. While May is getting ready for her first opponent, Team Rocket lures her friends into a sealed transport container and sends them up, up and away with a Meowth balloon! But they didn't count on Drew being there to save the day. He frees Ash and the others, only for all of them to then fall into one of Team Rocket's old-fashioned pit traps. While James and Meowth gloat, our heroes realize Team Rocket is working with Harley and they have to get back to the Contest to help May.
Up on stage, May and her Squirtle are preparing to face Jessie, who's disguised as Jessiebella and using Harley's Banette. Below the stage, Harley and Team Rocket are preparing some more tricks when our heroes catch up to them. Harley points out that there's no rule against using someone else's Pokemon in a Contest, but his plans are foiled for now.
Meanwhile, Jessie's initial delight wears off when even Banette can't easily win her the match. Banette gets annoyed by Jessie's complaints and it looks like the odds are back in May's favor. But as time runs out, the two Coordinators are matched in points and it goes to overtime! Jessiebella is eager to win, but she's snapping at Banette and without a good understanding between Coordinator and Pokemon, it's only a matter of time before May wins and the ribbon is hers. Harley gives up on Team Rocket in disgust. May meets Drew and the two are looking forward to a match-up at the Indigo Plateau. As for Ash, he's looking forward to the Battle Pyramid!


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DineOnCampus is the hub for all of your dining needs!
Within these pages you will find a wide range of information
available from what's on our menu to upcoming events and
promotions, as well as our hours of operation and contact information.
Everything you need is easily accessible with just one click.
We look forward to seeing you!
At your service,
Janice Faulkner
Director of Food Services
Chartwells at MSVU
(902) email@example.com


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Enabling Discovery
LabChart software is specifically designed for working with life science data. Simple to use and suitable for a broad range of signal types, LabChart's broad set of features makes it easy and fast to record, display and parameterize data.
Simple To Use
LabChart lets you do the basics with a minimum of fuss; advanced features stay out of the way until the moment you need them.
Feature Rich
LabChart's range of sophisticated Add-Ons are purpose-built for signals specific to life science, e.g. cardiovascular, respiratory, blood pressure, neuronal and dose response data.
Customize Your Workflow
Make LabChart work the way you want. Use scripting and automation (Windows only), custom arithmetic, and import/export data in various formats for use in other applications.
New in LabChart 8
Scope View
Use a PowerLab and get the display and analysis capabilities of a digital storage oscilloscope at your fingertips. Ideal for periodic waveforms, like visual evoked potentials or evoked EMG.
Send and Publish
Easily share your data with students and colleagues using the Send and Publish feature, and LabChart Online.
The comprehensive suite of analysis views include the Tachogram, RR and Delta RR Interval histograms, Poincare, and Power Spectrum Windows.
Student Licenses
Get professional, research grade software for next to nothing.
Designed for quick and easy use, for full control of your data
- Preconfigured settings files for one-touch recordings
- Smart detection of all ADInstruments peripheral devices
- Welcome Center for single-click access to all your files, support, and new software features
- Manual or event-driven sampling
- Signal specific analysis tools
- Fully customizable stimulator control
- Full layout control – only display what you need to display
- Easily modify signal detection algorithms
- Set up hot-key macros for automating repetitive tasks (Windows only).
- Scripting environment for custom signal analysis (Windows only).
Send and Publish your data
- Upload your data files to our cloud-based storage and share a link with your peers
- Embed interactive data files in your website or blog
- Store 1 GB of data files for free
Compare editions
|Main Features
|LabChart Pro
|LabChart Pro Student License
|LabChart Reader (Free!)
|Graph & export
|Plots only
|Record data
|LabChart Modules
|Purchase Separately
|LabChart Extensions
|Publish experimental data through LabChart Online
|5 years of updates and upgrades to all LabChart software
Research Fields
Signal pre-processing and data reduction
Peak Analysis
Automate calculation of peak parameters such as peak height, half-width, latency period, population spike height, rise time, area and tau. (Windows only)
Cyclic Measurements
Preprocess incoming signals to detect cycles and analyze periodic waveforms in real-time.
Use the Arithmetic dialog to enter formulae and dynamically create data for the display channel.
The Spectrum View is a powerful tool to display and analyze the component frequencies of a signal.
Multipoint Calibration
Perform linear and non-linear corrections on any input using up to 12 standard points. Copy or print the fit equation, SSE and r2 information. (Windows only)
Scope View
Use a PowerLab and get the display and analysis capabilities of a digital storage oscilloscope at your fingertips. Ideal for periodic waveforms, like visual evoked potentials or evoked EMG.
Data Plots
Plots allow you to do more right within LabChart while you record. Visualize analysis easily with four different plot types and curve fits. (Windows only)
Signal specific Add-Ons (Windows only)
Cardiac Output
Customize and automatically calculate cardiac output from a thermodilution curve.
ECG Analysis
PQRST is as easy as ABC with automated waveform detection and classification. Use our animal or human preset feature or customize your own bespoke analysis.
Dose Response
Custom or automatic calculation and generation of single or multiple dose response curves, from a centralized setup and display.
Spike Histogram
Advanced spike discrimination and data analysis in real time.
PV Loop
Experience simplicity! The new Workflow mode for PV Loop makes everything from calibration through to analysis easy.
Specialized analysis of metabolic function.
Video Capture
Combine and synchronize video observation with data acquisition.
Data management and workflow
Data Pad
Use the Data Pad to log parameters and calculations; performing spreadsheet analysis right within LabChart.
Use Macros to systematically record and then playback your actions. Macros make repetitive operations, whether they be simple or complex, a breeze. (Windows only)
Playback File
Stream pre-recorded data as if the data were coming live from an attached device. Mimic real-life recording situations using previously recorded data. (Windows only)
Quickly add notes at discrete points in time series data to help track events and protocol changes.
Stimulation and feedback control
Quickly set up custom stimulation protocols using the Stimulator dialog.
Event Manager
Monitor LabChart data and set actions based on levels, timing and recording. (Windows only)
And much, much more!
Contact us for answers to any questions or to discuss your requirements.
Streamlined Workflow
"Of most importance was the fact that all data was recorded on a time-aligned beat-by-beat basis - this is vital for the calculation of transfer function analysis based on the relationship between cerebral blood flow and blood pressure."
Professor Ainslie
Canada Research Chair
Cerebrovascular Physiology
Diverse Applications
"...the synchronized video is really a complete solution, taking swimming technique analysis to the next level. We have traveled with this equipment [LabChart & PowerLab] quite literally all over the world and presented at national and international symposiums. "
Budd Termin
Swimming Coach
Data Integrity
"I like the fact that you can store all your data electronically. There is no need to create an auditing trail, because this is automatic. You can't remove bits of information. What is really interesting is that you can really go into the detail of the actual blood pressure trace and perform complex analyses very quickly. You simply export data into a standard template in Excel and have all your answers in seconds. Very smart."
Dr. Kengatharan
President & COO
Armetheon, Inc.
Use research-grade software and hardware in the teaching lab
The same software that is essential to your own research success can now be used in (and out of) your undergraduate and postgraduate physiology labs. LabChart Teaching Suite, PowerLabs and our collection of specialized teaching kits make it easy to get your lab set up ready for students to record their own data. Students can even complete analysis assignments at home with the LabChart Student license .
PowerLab and LabChart at the Top 100 universities
In 2010, Quacquarelli Symonds released a list of the Top 100 universities for life science , based on academic citations, peer review, recruiter review, faculty-student ratio and international orientation.
PowerLab hardware and LabChart software are used at every one of these institutions, including Harvard, Oxford, and the University of Tokyo.
Access a Range of Teaching Resources
To save you valuable time in creating course materials, we have developed a number of teaching resources for human physiology, animal physiology, general biology and psychophysiology. Each experiment comes with a large range of teaching materials including instructor notes, student protocols, and settings files.
Educator Professional Development
ADInstruments provides regular training workshops and webinars to help educators grow their technical abilities and introduce new ideas to their classrooms.
For example, the Classroom of Excellence at Cornell University is dedicated to training faculty members and instructors from around the world on a range of popular and cutting-edge neuroscience techniques.
Product Codes
- MLU60/8 LabChart
- MLS330/8 LabChart GLP Server
- MLS335/8 LabChart GLP Client
System Requirements
Generally speaking, any PC or Mac desktop or laptop computer with a recent Intel or AMD processor and 2 Gb or more of system memory will be sufficient in most circumstances.
See the full list of system requirements for ADInstruments software .
- Getting Started with LabChart
- Getting Started with LabChart for Teaching
- Student Quick Reference Guide
windows Windows
mac Mac
LabChart Reader
windows Windows
mac Mac
LabChart Add-Ons
Browse the Add-Ons in the Product Catalog.
Download the Add-Ons from the Support section
GLP Software for LabChart
windows Windows
Order LabChart 8
Thank you for your interest in LabChart . Please complete and submit the form below and an ADInstruments representative will aim to get in touch within one working day.
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Request a demo
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If you'd like to speak to someone immediately, office contact information is available from the contact page.


text:
Grand Tour: Music from 16th and 17th Century Italy, Spain and Germany
1 CD / Hyperion / 2010-05-11Works: Giovanni Battista Buonamente: Sonata a Sei; Canzona a 6; Biagio Marini: Sinfonia grave "La Zorzi", for chamber instruments & continuo; Sonata a quattro tromboni, for chamber instruments & continuo; S...
Performers: Roberts, Timothy [Keyboardist/Conductor]; Staff, David; West, Jeremy
Ensemble: His Majestys Sagbutts and Cornetts
"This is everything a grand tour should be: educating, entertaining and enriching. Well worth exploring." - BBC Music Magazine...continue...
Recording information: 1993-08-16_1993-08-18&1995-....continue...
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Skirmish at the Wooden Bridge
this wiki
|"Are you a wizard or not?"
The title of this article is conjectural. Although it is based on canonical information, the actual name is conjecture and may be supplanted at any time by additional information released from canonical sources. If this occurs, please move this page to the appropriate title.
- "That went well."
- —Neville Longbottom after the bridge collapses.[src]
This skirmish was one of the first conflicts of the Battle of Hogwarts. Shortly after Lord Voldemort and his Death Eaters managed to break the protective enchantments around Hogwarts Castle at midnight of 2 May, 1998, the Snatchers tried to cross the Covered Bridge in order to gain access to the Castle. Neville Longbottom, who was stationed on the Covered Bridge entrance, briefly duelled Scabior before blowing up the bridge, sending Scabior and many Snatchers to their deaths on the chasm below.
- Neville Longbottom: "Let me get this straight, Professor. You're actually giving us permission to do this?"
- Minerva McGonagall: "That is correct, Longbottom."
- Neville Longbottom: "To blow it up? Boom?"
- Minerva McGonagall: "BOOM!"
- Neville Longbottom: "Wicked. But how are we gonna do that?"
- Minerva McGonagall: "Why don't you confer with Mr. Finnigan? As I recall, he has a particular proclivity for pyrotechnics."
- — Neville Longbottom and Professor McGonagall discussing the destruction of the Covered Bridge.[src]
After Lord Voldemort's ultimatum to give him Harry Potter, who was at the Castle, the Hogwarts forces started to organise their defences and to prepare themselves for battle. As the teachers secured the Castle, Minerva McGonagall, predicting the Snatchers' move, instructed Neville Longbottom to lead Seamus Finnigan to rig the Covered Bridge, one of the two entryways into the Castle, and bring it down if necessary.[1]
The Snatchers arrived at the Hogwarts Grounds shortly before midnight. Three of their number died on the spot after inadvertently crossing the magical barriers around the Castle. The Snatchers waited outside the Stone Circle for the Death Eaters to break the magical protections and were taunted by Neville Longbottom, as they were powerless to attack.[1]
The skirmish
- "Yeah, you and whose army?"
- —Neville Longbottom taunts the Snatchers after their way is barred by the magical protections around the Castle.[src]
At midnight, the Death Eaters started the attack on Lord Voldemort's orders, effectively breaking the protective enchantments around the school. After Scabior tested if it was safe to cross the now-broken protections, the Snatchers charged into the Covered Bridge. As Neville ran for the Clock Tower Courtyard, he briefly duelled Scabior before casting a spell that rebounded into the wooden beams producing a large explosion on the Stone Circle-side of the Covered Bridge.[1]
As the Snatchers fell into the ravine below, Neville threw himself onto the un-exploded part of the bridge, holding to the intact wooden beams, as Ginny Weasley, Seamus Finnigan, Cho Chang, Ernie Macmillan, Leanne, Padma Patil and Nigel Wolpert managed to help him up.[1]
This skirmish resulted in the loss of many Snatchers who were loyal to Lord Voldemort. It was also a tactical achievement, as it resulted in the destruction of the Covered Bridge, one of the entryways into the Castle, thus difficulting the enemy attack.[1]
Behind the scenes
- Seamus Finnigan and the other DA members plant bombs to destroy the Covered Bridge. It was not included in the book or seen in the movie but mostly metioned. But it's shown as a deleted scene and in LEGO Harry Potter: Years 5-7. However when the movie zooms down to the scene on the bridge one can actually see some Lumos lights and some students walking around on the stands.
- In LEGO Harry Potter: Years 5-7, Scabior survived the Bridge collapse but only for a moment before Neville and Seamus push him down.
- Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows: Part 2 (First appearance)
- Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows: Part 2 (video game)
- LEGO Harry Potter: Years 5-7
- Harry Potter for Kinect


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- "Run fast, Piggy! And sleep well! I'll be cutting your throat one of these nights."
- ―Rast
Rast is a recurring character in the first, third, and fourth seasons. He is played by guest star Luke McEwan - who changed his acting name to Luke Barnes at the start of the third season - and debuts in "The Kingsroad." Rast is a ranger in the Night's Watch, a raper and an enemy of Jon Snow. He later takes part in the Great Ranging beyond the Wall.
Rast is forced to join the Night's Watch after being arrested for rape. He chose to take the black over castration.
Season 1
Rast and another new forced recruit join Benjen Stark and Tyrion Lannister's party as it travels to the Wall, escorted by Night's Watch recruiter Yoren. Tyrion talks to Jon Snow about them being rapers, and how Jon had expected the Night's Watch to be made of honorable men, like his uncle Benjen.[1] Jon Snow beats Rast and two other recruits, Grenn and Pypar, in the training yard at Castle Black. Rast joins Grenn and Pypar in threatening Jon in the armory, but is encouraged to leave by Tyrion. Jon later begins training the Night's Watch recruits in the art of combat, earning Pypar and Grenn's respect, but not Rast's.[2]
Rast is happy to fulfil Ser Alliser Thorne's commands to humiliate Samwell Tarly on his arrival at Castle Black. Jon convinces Pypar and Grenn to go easy on Samwell, but Rast refuses to go along. He says if Ser Alliser puts him up to fight Ser Piggy, he will slice himself off a side of bacon. Jon has his direwolf Ghost threaten him. Rast wakes to find Ghost sitting on his chest with teeth bared, while Jon reminds him that they know where he sleeps. Afterwards, he refuses to beat Samwell, despite Ser Alliser's commands.[3] Rast is assigned to serve in the rangers.[4][5]
Jon comes into he dining hall having just been given Longclaw by Jeor Mormont. All of the recruits are excited and asking to see it, chanting the word "sword". Rast watches from the back table looking unhappy.[6]
Season 3
Rast survives the White Walkers' attack on the Fist of the First Men, and regroups with the remaining survivors as the ranging attempts to pull back to the Wall.[7] As the Night's Watch survivors march back south, Rast taunts an exhausted and demoralized Sam, causing him to collapse. Angry at being held back by them, Lord Commander Mormont commands Sam not to die and Rast to keep him alive, under penalty of death.[8]
After reaching Craster's Keep, Rast urges Grenn and Dolorous Edd that they are not safe here, and that Craster is not to be trusted. Following the funeral of their brother Bannen, tensions are starting to run high among the Night's Watch, as Craster starts berating them. When Craster openly suggests that they should kill their wounded or simply let them be killed by Craster himself, an aggravated brother of the Night's Watch, Karl, steps forward stating that they're being fed with nothing but bread cut with sawdust, and demands to know where he keeps his hidden larder. Rast joins in on the accusations, hence calling him a bastard. Enraged, Craster picks up an axe and threaten to chop the hands off the next man to call him a "Bastard ". Lord Commander Mormont grabs Rast by the shoulder to lead him out the doorway, when Karl, strictly states that Craster is a bastard: daughter-fucking, wildling bastard. Drunk and enraged, Craster leaps towards Karl with his axe. Karl manages to grab Craster's axe with his left arm before Craster manages to swing it. Karl then uses his right arm to shove a dagger up Craster's throat, killing him. Lord Commander Mormont bellows that the gods will curse him for this, as Karl just broke one of the most the ancient and sacred traditions in all of the seven kingdoms: the guest right .
When Karl proceeds to threaten one of Craster's daughters, Commander Mormont draws his sword. Karl drops the girl, but out of nowhere, Rast stabs the Lord Commander in the back, hence making him drop his sword. Grenn tackles Karl, and hence, a mutiny has begun. Mortally wounded but alive, the enraged Lord Commander lifts Rast off the ground with his bare right hand. He hurls him up towards a wall, nearly succeeding in choking him to death before he starts to choke on his own blood. As the Lord Commander falls to the ground, Rast catches his breath before picking up a knife and repeatedly starts stabbing the Lord Commander until he is dead.
As Sam runs away with Gilly, Rast shouts that he may run for now, but that he will eventually find him and cut his throat.
|Season One appearances
|Winter is Coming
|The Kingsroad
|Lord Snow
|Cripples, Bastards and Broken Things
|The Wolf and the Lion
|A Golden Crown
|You Win or You Die
|The Pointy End
|Fire and Blood
|Season Three appearances
|Valar Dohaeris
|Dark Wings, Dark Words
|Walk of Punishment
|And Now His Watch is Ended
|Kissed by Fire
|The Climb
|The Bear and the Maiden Fair
|Second Sons
|The Rains of Castamere
Image gallery
In the books
In the A Song of Ice and Fire novels, Rast was sent to the Wall after being accused of rape. He chose to take the black rather than face execution. Whilst being trained as a ranger, he becomes an acquaintance of Jon Snow and Samwell Tarly. In contrast to the TV series, Rast doesn't take part in the Great Ranging beyond the Wall. While the books make no mention of his origin, the show apparently showcases him as a northman.
In the books, it was not Rast but Ollo Lophand who stabs Mormont in the stomach when the mutiny breaks out.
See also
- Rast at A Wiki of Ice and Fire (spoilers from the books)
- Ollo Lophand at A Wiki of Ice and Fire (spoilers from the books)
|Lord Commander:
|Former Lords Commander:
|Castles of the Watch:
The Shadow Tower · Castle Black · Eastwatch-by-the-Sea · Deep Lake · Greyguard · Nightfort


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Organisers of the Miss Redds Tanzania have in strong terms ruled out the possibility of favouritism during the entire process of the campaign towards the final.
Lino Agency's director Hashim Lundenga said ever since the beauty pageantry was re-introduced in 1994, all winners have been voted by competent judges with high degree impartiality.
He said some unscrupulous people have always been engaged in tarnishing the image of the organisers who have been doing a good job throughout.
Lundenga was speaking during a meeting with media sports and entertainment editors in Dar es Salaam yesterday.
"We have been keen and articulate in the whole procedures, formalities and all activities leading to the finals of the pageantry premierships", said Lundenga.
He said his agency strives to achieve new benchmarks in running and organising the beauty pageantry while avoiding complaints which might surface if any.
The preliminaries of Miss Tanzania are expected to get underway in various parts of the country as Lino Agency will be behind supervision of the shows.
Lundenga rule devout the inclusion of foreign based Tanzanians to compete in the show.
He said the door is open to those Tanzanians who happen to study or stay abroad and make frequent return home such that they are still familiar with the country's affairs.
"We are sorry to say that participants living abroad for five back-to-back years are ineligible to compete in this shows as they are unlikely to cope with the pageantry requirements", said Lundenga.
Tanzania Breweries' marketing manager Fimbo Butala said his firm is making efforts to stage the best ever premier beauty show at national level this time around.
Redds used to be a platinum sponsor behind Vodacom Tanzania which ended its five-year sponsorship stint to pave way for the brewers.
More than thousand beauty contestants have benefited from Miss Tanzania shows ever since the event was revived in 1994.
The Miss Tanzania has become a new mining site for young women aspiring to the profession. Some have transformed their living standards through taking part in the events as they landed lucrative commercial deals besides travelling opportunities and experiences.
The Miss Tanzania has been a huge attraction for the entertainment fraternity who follows it with tenacious zeal whenever is staged.
The finals of the event are expected to be held later in September.


text: This iconic Louis Vuitton Keepall 45 duffel bag is in PRE-LOVED condition (light use). It is made from traditional Monogram Canvas trimmed in natural leather and accented with golden brass hardware. Introduced in 1896, the Keepall is a trademark Louis Vuitton design and the source of inspiration for the popular Speedy. The leather has darkened to a honey color and shows a few water marks. The bottom corners are lightly worn. There are a few marks on the base.


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May 3, 2016
A man is recovering from injuries he sustained when he was hit by a car while riding his bicycle in Farmville Thursday night.
The Highway Patrol says Stephen Hardy-Braz of Farmville was hit on Stantonsburg Road near Wesley Church Road in just before 8:00 p.m. They say Kristen Haddock of Farmville tried to pass him in a Jeep SUV and clipped his arm with her passenger side mirror. Hardy-Braz was taken to the hospital with minor injuries. Haddock is charged with failing to reduce speed to avoid colliding with a vehicle.
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text:
Create a royally awesome costume this Halloween, and start with this King or Queen Robe for kids. You are going to want to add a crown and maybe a king or queen's shaft, but this red robe, with golden neck ties, and a Dalmatian patterned collar, will do most of the work. Take control of your kingdom, and rule with an iron fist or with complete fairness, the choice is yours.
Our Price: $9.97
Our Price: $4.99
Our Price: $7.97
Our Price: $1.97


text:
The Personal World Clock
Event Time is Tuesday, April 20, 2010 at 11:00 AM Raleigh time
Modify Calculation | Show current time
Scroll right to see more
Event Times in selected cities
|San Francisco
USA - California
Tue 8:00:00 AM *
USA - North Carolina
Tue 11:00:00 AM *
Time Zone
Tue 3:00:00 PM
Tue 6:00:00 PM *
* = Adjusted for DST or summer time (3 places).
Tue = Tuesday, April 20, 2010 (4 places).
UTC (GMT/Zulu)-time: Tuesday, April 20, 2010 at 15:00:00
UTC is Coordinated Universal Time, GMT is Greenwich Mean Time.
Great Britain/United Kingdom is one hour ahead of UTC during summer.
More Information
- About the World Clock
- Commonly reported problems with the World Clock
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text:
May 2, 2016
ECU's Student Government Association president has resigned, saying he no longer has the "passion or heart" for the job.
Justin Davis' resignation comes as students return to classes today for the spring semester. "I simply do not have the passion or drive to continue serving as the foremost advocate for a student body of such magnitude. I believe continuing to serve in this role would be a disservice to both the students and myself," he said in his resignation letter.
Davis, a political science major from Rocky Mount, was elected SGA president eight months ago. Last September the student adviser to the group asked him to stop signing official emails with "God Bless". Davis refused, saying it was an attempt to suppress his religious freedom. His resignation letter included that phrase.
Davis says he plans to spend more time being involved with Christian ministries. "With my resignation, I hope to commit more time to serving these ministries and impacting lives therein," said Davis.
Vice President Matt Paske will take over as head of the SGA.
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Viewers with disabilities can get assistance accessing this station's FCC Public Inspection File by contacting the station with the information listed below. Questions or concerns relating to the accessibility of the FCC's online public file system should be directed to the FCC at 888-225-5322, 888-835-5322 (TTY), or email@example.com.


text:
I like it
I liked the side view palisade brush I did so much for this lite chanllenge, I figured I would make them available. As usual, CC license applies: Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 United States License
I may end up going back and making a higher resolution version at some point if there is demand... or I may make a few more and make into an image pipe...
My Finished Maps
Works in Progress(or abandoned tests)
My Tutorials:
Explanation of Layer Masks in GIMP
How to create ISO Mountains in GIMP/PS using the Smudge tool
Unless otherwise stated by me in the post, all work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 United States License.
I like it


text:
August 6, 2012
Dave Lomonico
SEVERN -- Fresh off his stellar performance at the Elite 11 quarterback camp in California, Gilman senior gunslinger Shane Cockerille was back at work on Sunday for one final offseason event: the Quarterback Factory camp. Before showing off that big left arm, which earned him national recognition, the Maryland commit sat down with MdHigh to discuss his eventful summer and the upcoming season. ...More... To continue reading this article you must be a member. Sign Up Now!
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text:
Dat is cool Hmm well enough. Anyways, if you are interested to know cloud storage under adobe or any, do see at:
Adobe has announced CS6 updates that are exclusive to Creative Cloud subscribers. Adobe Photoshop 13.1 offers among other things, the ability to apply Liquify and Lens Blur effects as Smart Objects and use conditional statements when creating Actions. However, these changes are unavailable to those who've bought traditional versions of Photoshop CS6, and Adobe has not said when, or even if, 'perpetual users' of CS6 will have access to these features. Retina Display support for Mac, also announced today, is available for all users.
Although Adobe has touted exclusive access to new features as a selling point of Creative Cloud membership, today's announcement marks a turning point as the company is now making a very clear distinction between those who choose a subscription and those who purchase the software outright. Among other Creative Cloud exclusives are video training content, available from inside the CS6 applications and a workgroup version of Creative Cloud designed to allow collaboration on internal projects, with centralized monitoring of user access and storage.
Press Release:
SAN JOSE, Calif. - December 11, 2012 - Adobe Systems Incorporated (Nasdaq:ADBE) today is revealing a major update to its Adobe Creative Cloud offering. During Create Now, an online event this morning, the company is announcing that Creative Cloud members will now have access to over a dozen exclusive new features for Adobe Photoshop. Adobe is also highlighting the customer momentum behind Creative Cloud, with more than 1 million free and paid memberships, including approximately 326,000* paid individual members who have signed up through November 2012. Additionally, at the Create Now event, the company is introducing a new version, Creative Cloud for teams, making it easy for creative professionals to collaborate with colleagues; showcasing new capabilities for mobile website design with Adobe Muse; launching Creative Cloud Connection for desktop synching and collaborative sharing; debuting Creative Cloud Training, a library of premium instructional video from leading partners; and demonstrating the unlimited access to the Digital Publishing technology used by major publishers to create interactive content for the iPad.
"It's been remarkable to see over 1 million users join Creative Cloud in just seven months," said David Wadhwani, senior vice president, Digital Media, Adobe. "Our goal is to make Creative Cloud the ultimate hub for creatives, where they can access the world's best creative tools, store and collaborate around their work and ultimately showcase their creations. Now with the availability of the new Creative Cloud offering for teams, we're making it easier for workgroups to create and collaborate."
Tune in to see the full details unveiled at the Create Now online event at 10am PT with new Creative Cloud capabilities, including Creative Cloud for teams, available for download and purchase starting at 11am PT.
New Photoshop CS6 capabilities available to Creative Cloud members, include:
Also available today, Creative Cloud for teams is designed to help creative professionals work better together. Creative Cloud for teams delivers everything that's included with the individual version of Creative Cloud – all of the same desktop tools, online services for publishing and file sharing, and upgrades and feature updates when they are released. Plus it also includes easy management of virtual workgroups, 100GB of cloud storage per user (versus 20GB for the individual Creative Cloud offering), expert support services, centralized administration for the quick and easy deployment of new seats, and centralized billing and efficient license management.
Other new Creative Cloud additions include an update to Adobe Muse, a desktop app that allows designers to create professional, HTML websites without writing code. Adobe Muse now includes the ability to create unique layouts for desktop, iPhone, iPad and other mobile device versions of a website. Designers can now customize each experience whether the site is viewed on a large monitor while sitting at a desk, or viewing on a small screen while on-the-go.
Also added is Creative Cloud Connection, a desktop sync app, which allows users to automatically sync files to a Creative Cloud account by saving files to the desktop folder, or simply dragging and dropping. In addition, new exclusive Creative Cloud Training (available to all paid Creative Cloud members soon) offers an extensive library of tutorials and trial courses from renowned training partners, Kelby Training, video2brain and Attain, designed to help make Creative Cloud members successful with the tools and services available to them. These select partners, along with Adobe, will provide training videos for an international Creative Cloud audience in English, Japanese, French, German, Spanish and Italian, with more languages to be added later. Also today, Adobe Illustrator was updated to support HiDPI (Retina) displays and this feature was made available to both Creative Cloud members and perpetual license customers.
During Adobe's Create Now online event, the company will demonstrate core Creative Cloud capabilities, including Digital Publishing Suite (DPS), Single Edition. DPS, Single Edition significantly simplifies the mobile app development process by enabling designers to create and deliver digital publications to iPad through the Apple App Store, without writing a single line of code. With DPS, Single Edition members can create single-issue content, including brochures, catalogs or personal design portfolios, and submit an unlimited number of apps to the Apple App Store for publication, at no additional cost. This gives freelance designers, design agencies and small-to-midsize businesses easy access to the same core digital publishing technologies that leading publishers worldwide are using.
Adobe Creative Cloud membership for individuals is US$49.99 per month based on annual membership; existing customers who own CS3 or later get their first year of Creative Cloud for individuals at the discounted rate of US $29.99 per month. Students and teachers can get Creative Cloud for $29.99. Creative Cloud for teams is priced at US $69.99 per month per seat with an annual contract required; existing customers who own CS3 or later get their first year of Creative Cloud for teams at the discounted rate of US $49.99 per month per seat. Creative Cloud for teams is available for purchase today on Adobe.com; annual memberships are also available worldwide through a growing network of Adobe certified resellers. The new Photoshop and Adobe Muse features, Creative Cloud Training, and Creative Cloud Connection preview are immediately available to Creative Cloud members.


text:
Childhood Home of Ilon Wikland
Linda tn 2, Haapsalu
Getting there
Ilons childhood home is located in Haapsalu on the corner of Linda and Rüütli streets. You can get there by walking from Lossiplats near the Bishop's Castle along Kooli street, then turn left and you will get to Rüütli street.
- Signposted
- By car
- Sealed access road
58°56'59''N 23°32'24''E | Download GPX file


text:
|Capital Orthopaedic Specialists, LLC
SMD Hospital Professional Building,
7501 Surratts Road, Suite 110
Clinton, MD 20735 USA
Phone: 240-842-1434
Fax: 240-842-1431
Differences between the lengths of the upper and/or lower arms and the upper and/or lower legs are called limb length discrepancies (LLD). Except in extreme cases, arm length differences cause little or no problem in how the arms function. This article, therefore, will focus on length differences in the legs.
A limb length difference may simply be a mild variation between the two sides of the body. This is not unusual in the general population. For example, one study reported that 32 percent of 600 military recruits had a 1/5 inch to a 3/5 inch difference between the lengths of their legs. This is a normal variation. Greater differences may need treatment because a significant difference can affect a patient's well-being and quality of life.
There are many causes of limb length discrepancy. Some include:
Previous Injury to a Bone in the Leg
A broken leg bone may lead to a limb length discrepancy if it heals in a shortened position. This is more likely if the bone was broken in many pieces. It also is more likely if skin and muscle tissue around the bone were severely injured and exposed, as in an open fracture.
Broken bones in children sometimes grow faster for several years after healing, causing the injured bone to become longer. A break in a child's bone through the growth center near the end of the bone may cause slower growth, resulting in a shorter leg.
Bone Infection
Bone infections that occur in children while they are growing may cause a significant limb length discrepancy. This is especially true if the infection happens in infancy. Inflammation of joints during growth may cause unequal leg length. One example is juvenile arthritis.
Bone Diseases (Dysplasias)Bone diseases may cause limb length discrepancy, as well. Examples are:
- Neurofibromatosis
- Multiple hereditary exostoses
- Ollier disease
Other Causes
Other causes include inflammation (arthritis) and neurologic conditions
Sometimes the cause of limb length discrepancy is unknown, particularly in cases involving underdevelopment of the inner or outer side of the leg, or partial overgrowth of one side of the body. These conditions are usually present at birth, but the leg length difference may be too small to be detected. As the child grows, the limb length discrepancy increases and becomes more noticeable. In underdevelopment, one of the two bones between the knee and the ankle is abnormally short. There also may be related foot or knee problems.
Hemihypertrophy (one side too big) or hemiatrophy (one side too small) are rare limb length discrepancy conditions. In these conditions, the arm and leg on one side of the body are either longer or shorter than the arm and leg on the other side of the body. There may also be a difference between the two sides of the face. Sometimes no cause can be found. This is known as an "idiopathic" difference.
Usually, the physician measures the level of the hips when the child is standing barefoot. A series of measured wooden blocks may be placed under the short leg until the hips are level. If the physician believes a more precise measurement is needed, he or she may use X-rays. In growing children, a physician may repeat the physical examination and X-rays every six months to a year to see if the limb length discrepancy has increased or remained unchanged.
A limb length discrepancy may be detected on a screening examination for curvature of the spine (scoliosis). But limb length discrepancy does not cause scoliosis.
The effects of limb length discrepancy vary from patient to patient, depending on the cause and size of the difference. Differences of 3 1/2 percent to 4 percent of the total length of the leg (about 4 cm or 1 2/3 inches in an average adult) may cause noticeable abnormalities when walking. These differences may require the patient to exert more effort to walk.
There is controversy about the effect of limb length discrepancy on back pain. Some studies show that people with a limb length discrepancy have a greater incidence of low back pain and an increased susceptibility to injuries. Other studies do not support this finding.
Nonsurgical Treatment
For minor limb length discrepancy in patients with no deformity, treatment may not be necessary. Because the risks may outweigh the benefits, surgical treatment to equalize leg lengths is usually not recommended if the difference is less than 1 inch. For these small differences, the physician may recommend a shoe lift. A lift fitted to the shoe can often improve walking and running, as well as relieve any back pain that may be caused by the limb length discrepancy. Shoe lifts are inexpensive and can be removed if they are not effective.
Surgical Treatment
In growing children, legs can be made equal or nearly equal in length with a relatively simple surgical procedure. This procedure slows down the growth of the longer leg at one or two growth sites. Your physician can tell you how much equalization can be gained by this procedure. The procedure is performed under X-ray control through very small incisions in the knee area. This procedure will not cause an immediate correction in length. Instead, the limb length discrepancy will gradually decrease as the opposite extremity continues to grow and "catch up."
Timing of the procedure is critical. The goal is to reach equal leg length by the time growth normally ends. This is usually in the mid-to-late teenage years. Disadvantages of this option include the possibility of slight over-correction or under-correction of the limb length discrepancy. In addition, the patient's adult height will be less than if the shorter leg had been lengthened. Correction of significant limb length discrepancy by this method may make a patient's body look slightly disproportionate because of the shorter leg.
In some cases the longer leg can be shortened, but a major shortening may weaken the muscles of the leg. In the thighbone (femur), a maximum of 3 inches can be shortened. In the shinbone, a maximum of 2 inches can be shortened.
The bone may lengthen 1 millimeter per day, or approximately 1 inch per month. Lengthening may be slower in a bone that was previously injured. It may also be slower if the leg was operated on before. Bones in patients with potential blood vessel abnormalities, such as cigarette smokers, may also need to be lengthened more slowly.
The external fixator is worn until the bone is strong enough to support the patient safely. This usually takes about three months for each inch. Factors such as age, health, smoking and participation in rehabilitation can affect the amount of time needed.
Risks of this procedure include:
- Infection at the site of wires and pins
- Stiffness of the adjacent joints
- Slight over- or under-correction of the bone's length
Lengthening requires:
- Regular follow-up visits to the physician's office
- Meticulous cleaning of the area around the pins and wires
- Diligent adjustment of the frame several times daily
- Rehabilitation as prescribed by the physician
A physician experienced in limb lengthening techniques can explain the treatment options and their risks and benefits in more detail. You and your physician can then decide what treatment, if any, is best for you.
Developed by the Limb Lengthening and Reconstruction Society and revised by a member of both the Limb Lengthening and Reconstruction Society and Pediatric Orthopaedic Society of North America
The American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons
9400 West Higgins Road
Rosemont, IL 60018
Phone: 847.823.7186
Email: firstname.lastname@example.com