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How will dynamic pricing actually happen?
Several views on the moving pieces to come
An op-ed piece in Monday's Charleston (West Virginia) Gazette struck me as one step in the process of enacting dynamic pricing and reminded me of two other conversations I've had recently.
In Monday's op-ed piece, "Electrical Grid Demands Smarter Approach," Andy Ott, senior vice president of markets at PJM Interconnection, explained to readers that PJM—the regional transmission organization serving much of 13 Eastern states—has composed market rules to favor "price responsive demand." Essentially, this is enabling linkage between wholesale prices and retail prices, providing the means for dynamic pricing and its benefits.
The advantages of dynamic pricing allow retail customers to respond to price signals and, if equipped with information and tools, to better manage their overall use. The response to peak pricing—dampened demand—should allow utilities (PJM's customers) to defer capital investment in peaking power plants that only run a fraction of the year but stand-by at great cost to all.
David O'Brien, director of regulatory strategy for the Bridge Energy Group Inc., made several points around the same theme in an interview yesterday. We'll bring you an in-depth interview with O'Brien next week. And Roger Levy, of Levy Associates, suggested to me earlier this year that, among other things, expensive and innovative customer information systems (CIS) from third parties will be needed to enable dynamic pricing. (Some of Levy's remarks may be found in the following article links.)
My own coverage of this issue can be traced as I reported on industry discussions in several columns over the past year, beginning with "Dynamic Pricing Now!," "Dynamic Pricing: It's Complicated" and "Customers Need Energy Data First."
For now, back to Ott's op-ed piece. His thesis, familiar to all, particularly in this summer season:
"Today, most consumers pay fixed prices for each kilowatt-hour of electricity they use," Ott wrote. "These prices stay the same throughout the day and don't reflect the wholesale price that suppliers actually pay to buy electricity. That wholesale price changes every hour.
"These fixed retail electricity prices encourage the use of electricity when costs are the highest and the grid is most stressed, as on a hot summer day when air conditioning use is high.
"The Smart Grid can offer a more efficient pricing structure."
Ott continued that smart meters + smart thermostats = automated response to price signals during peak cost periods, saving consumers money and enabling utilities to defer capital investments in peak-power plants. Check!
In his words:
"At PJM Interconnection ... we're working [on] an approach called price responsive demand (PRD).
"PRD recognizes that electricity consumption would fall by a predictable amount when variable real-time prices rise. Federal regulators recently approved PJM's plans for applying this more efficient pricing structure to help bring Smart Grid benefits to the PJM region.
"Price responsive demand won't just benefit consumers by helping them pay lower electricity prices. It can also ease stress on the electric grid and ensure its reliability. Homes and businesses would respond to wholesale prices by reducing their usage when electricity demand and prices were high.
"The two-way communication between home-based automated systems and electricity suppliers could also aid in both short- and long-term forecasting of the electricity needed to meet demand.
"Such efficient use of the grid can delay the need for expensive new generating plants or transmission infrastructure. And that spells savings for power companies and consumers alike."
Ott concluded:
"By empowering consumers and businesses to respond to changes in real-time wholesale electricity prices, Smart Grid-driven approaches like price responsive demand and flexible rate options can enhance the reliability and economic efficiency of the electric system, help the environment by managing energy consumption, and save money."
PJM's move with PRD is one step en route to "dynamic pricing now!" as my naïve if spirited exhortation would have it. Utilities and regulators in PJM's 13-state territory need to follow through and make dynamic pricing happen for their customers. Those customers will need smart meters and smart thermostats to benefit.
In that sense, Ott answered my call in a column earlier this month, "Crossroads 2012: Meters and the Future," for a power industry executive to explain to the public why interval meters are needed to achieve the full benefits of grid modernization.
Now it's up to utilities and regulators in PJM's 13-state region to follow through with both deployment of interval meters and the application of dynamic pricing.
Phil Carson
Intelligent Utility Daily
How will dynamic pricing happen with third party suppliers?
It is encouraging to read about PJM pushing for dynamic pricing in its 13-state territory. Chicago-based CNT Energy has been administering hourly pricing programs for residential customers in Illinois since 2003. The arguments for dynamic pricing that Mr. Ott laid out—customers save money, utilities don't have to build more peak energy plants—are the same arguments we have used to entice more than 22,000 residential customers statewide to participate in hourly pricing programs. What we're currently grappling with is how dynamic pricing fits into the new electricity pricing landscape now that multiple electricity suppliers are competing with major utilities. Currently, in Illinois, third party electric suppliers do not offer a dynamic rate option. However, as more customers sign up with third party electric suppliers, dynamic pricing should be considered to promote demand response and load shifting for all of the reasons discussed in the article above. We believe hourly pricing, utilizing either real-time or day-ahead pricing markets, best reflect the reality of what electricity costs and provides consumers with the greatest opportunity to save money. As smart meters are rolled out across the nation, it is important that smart rates accompany the meters. Offering a lower flat rate does not address the need to reduce peak load demand, which will ultimately lead to a truly smart electric grid.
Residential and small business customers will suffer
Welcome ladies and gentlemen to lifestyle change. This was the goal of Smartgrid. The first comment mentions ERCOT--well real time, wholesale power in ERCOT went to $3,000/MWh ($3/KWh) briefly a couple of days ago and was above $1,000/MWh ($1/KWH) for several of the 15 minute settlement price intervals. Big industrial users typically have electrical supply contracts at a fixed price so who do we think will take the brunt of wholesale price variability? Do we just cancel all industrial power supply contracts by federal fiat? Is that really a fair thing to do considering they entered their contracts in good faith?
No residential and small business customers will have to cut power usage because wind just typically is not providing electricity at that time even though the people and businesses who still pay income taxes are subsidizing them. Solar power will be past its peak output and waning when the peak tops out at 5 or 6PM even though the taxpayers have forced to give them rebates and credits or feed-in-tariffs. By the way, what happens to the feed-in-tariffs with dynamic pricing?
So, what happened in ERCOT that wholesale prices spike so high? ERCOT has some 9,800MW of wind turbines installed so that the owners can take advantage of the PTC program to reduce their corporate owners' tax bills. (Never mind that its record output is only about 7,400MW.) The baseload in ERCOT is about 30,000 to 32,000MW. The wind farms, which generally put substantial power into the grid between 11PM or midnight until about 6 or 8AM, bit into the baseload generation and the lack of long term predictability of their output has thrown too many variables into investors' financial models for them to reliably predict a return on investment so there are few plants being built. ERCOT recently had to demothball about 2100MW of older plants that had been taken out of service because they were uneconomical in order to ensure it had adequate margin. While the wind generators are collecting federal taxpayer money in the wee hours of the morning, many fossil fired plants are shutdown (or running at a loss in order to be ready to catch the swings in output from the windfarms). It costs money to start these plants up. They are burning fuel while not making power or running at a loss and they have to get that money somewhere.
So, real time power pricing will mean residential customers and small businesses either pay through the nose or shut off their air conditioning and other appliances. What about the people with small babies or those elderly residential customers or those with elderly family members in their homes? Babies and the elderly lack proper body temperature control. What about businesses. Who many customers will come into a sweltering shop or store? Do they turn off the lights and their computers they use for making their business more cost effective? How many goods will be ruined by the lack of humidity control? How much food will spoil more quickly in grocery stores?
Welcome to forced lifestyle control.
Step In the Right Direction
I haven't read the details of PJM's proposal, and of course that's where the devil lies. However I'll take it on faith that PJM is providing a means to disseminate real-time price data, rather than taking the grid condition signal approach being proposed by the California ISO.
However there's still one critical missing element that's missing, and that's some kind of forward market that extends beyond the next time interval. Consumer devices need a stream of prices out over the next few hours so that, for example, they can decide when to start precooling a home or small business, and when to turn down the air conditioning. Electric vehicles need the same kind of information so they can operate in an intelligent way that takes account of grid conditions.
Grid operators are (finally) beginning to understand the need for forward price visibility, which will also benefit generators. ERCOT has been discussing how to do this for many months and the California ISO proposal includes some similar thinking.
Jack Ellis, Tahoe City, CA


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Manchester City agree €20m deal with Roma for Edin Dzeko
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Dolls have always been viewed as creepy and frightful creations, even before Chucky was introduced to the world in the 1988 horror film Child's Play. At a dolls core, it is a miniaturized representation of a human being. That alone should set off your creepy senses. Of course, there are some people out there who actually utilize dolls as their artistic outlet for all of their morbid thoughts and ideas. Shain Erin, an American surrealist and visionary, is the perfect example of one such person.
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I am fascinated with the way that dolls can function simultaneously as contrived objects and living entities. This paradox of an object with a "soul" makes the doll a powerful tool to explore the spiritual predicament of corporeality. In my figures, the struggle to reconcile spirit and flesh is explored through various states of physical mis-creation, transformation and dissolution. This monstrous realism reflects an inner landscape of psychological and spiritual struggle with the pain and wonder of existence.
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49 U.S. Code § 1116 - Reports and studies
prev | next
(a) Periodic Reports.— The National Transportation Safety Board shall report periodically to Congress, departments, agencies, and instrumentalities of the United States Government and State and local governmental authorities concerned with transportation safety, and other interested persons. The report shall—
(1) advocate meaningful responses to reduce the likelihood of transportation accidents similar to those investigated by the Board; and
(b) Studies, Investigations, and Other Reports.— The Board also shall—
(1) carry out special studies and investigations about transportation safety, including avoiding personal injury;
(2) examine techniques and methods of accident investigation and periodically publish recommended procedures for accident investigations;
(3) prescribe requirements for persons reporting accidents and aviation incidents that—
(4) evaluate, examine the effectiveness of, and publish the findings of the Board about the transportation safety consciousness of other departments, agencies, and instrumentalities of the Government and their effectiveness in preventing accidents; and
Source(Pub. L. 103–272, § 1(d),July 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 751.)
|Revised Section
|Source (U.S. Code)
|Source (Statutes at Large)
|49 App.:1441(a)(3), (5) (related to reducing accidents).
|Aug. 23, 1958, Pub. L. 85–726, § 701(a)(3), (5), 72 Stat. 781.
|49 App.:1655(c)(1).
|Oct. 15, 1966, Pub. L. 89–670, § 6(c)(1), 80 Stat. 938; Jan. 12, 1983, Pub. L. 97–449, § 7(b), 96 Stat. 2444.
|49 App.:1655(d) (1st sentence).
|Oct. 15, 1966, Pub. L. 89–670, § 6(d) (1st sentence), 80 Stat. 938.
|49 App.:1903(a)(1)(A), (3).
|Jan. 3, 1975, Pub. L. 93–633, § 304(a)(1)(A), (3)–(5), (7), (8), 88 Stat. 2168, 2169.
|49 App.:1441(a)(5) (related to studies).
|49 App.:1655(d) (1st sentence).
|49 App.:1903(a)(1)(A), (4).
|1116(b) (2)–(5)
|49 App.:1903(a)(5).
|49 App.:1903(a)(6).
|Jan. 3, 1975, Pub. L. 93–633, § 304(a)(6), 88 Stat. 2169; Nov. 3, 1981, Pub. L. 97–74, § 4, 95 Stat. 1065; Dec. 30, 1987, Pub. L. 100–223, § 311(a), 101 Stat. 1528.
|49 App.:1903(a)(7), (8).
In subsection (a)(1), the word "recommending" is omitted as being included in "advocate" in 49 App.:1903(a)(3). The word "recurrence" is omitted as surplus. The text of 49 App.:1441(a)(3) and (5) (related to reducing accidents) is omitted as superseded by 49 App.:1903(a)(3).
In subsection (b)(1), the words "carry out" are substituted for "initiate and conduct" in 49 App.:1903(a)(4) for consistency in the revised title and with other titles of the United States Code. The text of 49 App.:1441(a)(5) (related to studies) is omitted as superseded by 49 App.:1903(a)(4).
In subsection (b)(2), the word "examine" is substituted for "assess and reassess" for clarity. The words "prepare and" are omitted as surplus.
In subsection (b)(3), the words "by regulation" are omitted as unnecessary because of section 1113(f) of the revised title.
In subsection (b)(4), the word "effectiveness" is substituted for "efficacy" for clarity.
LII has no control over and does not endorse any external Internet site that contains links to or references LII.


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Edmonton, AB (Sports Network) - The Edmonton Oilers added a veteran presence
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Also on Friday, the Oilers agreed to terms with center Boyd Gordon on a three-
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The Sports Network


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Pricey cars carry added risks for pedestrians
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Founder Institute graduates Ajay Kamat and Himani Amoli were recently featured on TechCrunch after raising a $1 million seed round for their latest app, Wedding Party. The round was led by NEA and Felicis Ventures, and included contributing partners Pejman Nozad, Ullas Naik, Darian Shirazi, Rich Chen, Zeki and Haroon Mokhtarzada, Doug Pepper, Mark Jung, Kumar Malavalli, Chris Hobbs, Hamid Barkhordar, Sam Ferdows, and Merced Partners.
Wedding Party is a mobile app that allows wedding goers to post photos to a shared Facebook album. The team initially anticipated the app to be used primarily on the wedding day, but have found users taking a different approach. They recently discovered brides and grooms were utilizing Wedding Party months prior to the big day by sharing photos during the planning process, such as cake tastings, and dress fittings. To accomodate users, Kamat noted that "going forward, we're going to be building more features that focus not only on the photos of the wedding itself, but the people who were involved in the wedding".
With the recent funding, Wedding Party plans to expand the team and add features to enhance user experience. They are also in the process of developing their Android app, which is currently available in beta.
To learn more about Wedding Party, be sure to read the full article "Wedding Party, The Mobile App That Lets Guests Contribute Photos To Gorgeous, Shared Albums, Scores A Million-Dollar Seed Round" by Sarah Perez of TechCrunch.
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I love this guy. Chizik tells Cotler ABBA and Neil Diamond are in his favorites in music.
When I told the folks back home I was going to Auchtermuchty, they said "Wear the Fox Hat"
ha ha.. I guess Sweet Caroline will still be around!
Gene come into Ames, Iowa... TODAY!
It was the Missouri game. Cyclones come out after halftime to rousing cheers from their fans and a little pump me up music. Missouri leaves the Jacobson shortly after, they're all pumped up from a supposedly inspriing halftime pep talk, and what are the ISU fans doing? SWEET CAROLINE.... wah wah wahhhh. The timing could have NEVER been better. I laughed.
If there are some musicians in the crowd, someone should remake "Forever in Blue Jeans" to "Forever a Cyclone".
great post Joker , some music major accept the challange
I think these music choices are grounds for his immediate dismissal.
Originally Posted by 2020cy
I think these music choices are grounds for his immediate dismissal.
So what would be acceptable to you?
"You must try to generate happiness within yourself. If you aren't happy in one place, chances are you won't be happy anyplace." -- Ernie Banks
How about a little Dire Straits, Elvis Costello, Steely Dan, etc. or at least the Eagles, Skynyrd, etc. More hip or rock- no girly music.
Just curious if we are allowed to use a certain three letter word to describe the song "Sweet Caroline" on this board.
Sorry, inside joke.
Sadly some of the younger folks will always defer to whatever is popular at the time - instead of identifying classics and embracing them. Give them 10 years and they'll understand.
They don't realize the major contributor 2 sections over is singer louder than they are and waving back and forth like a freshman (on their feet!).
Give them time - they'll learn to love Neil.
Pereant osores!
this is why we are getting laughed at by every other major university in america. we play sweet caroline at the half and some of our fans actually are lame enough to enjoy it. halftime in college football isn't about concert going or easy listening. it should be a time for the team to get refocused and have a renewed sense of energy to go out and kick some ***, knock some dick in the dirt, and crack some skulls. i'm sorry to those of you who like it, and i can at least respect your taste in music, but honestly it just doesn't go with football.
I pictured Chizik as being more of a southern rocker, you know, Lynyrd Skynyrd, CCR, Allman Brothers, Molly Hatchet, Marshall Tucker Band etc. or maybe even a country boy, but ABBA? Haha I guess there are more important things, but my dad is an ex-Marine too, and he would kick my ***** if he heard me listening to that. I've got somethin to say, its better to burnout than to fade away!
Sweet Caroline has got to go. Sounds like the themesong for a team full of pu$$ies.
that is just wrong. after the defense makes a huge stand and gets a turnover dancing queen comes on...if we play any abba, i hope it is only in the visitors locker room!
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The HDB Service Group Inc. will host a gourmet breakfast gala at 8:30 a.m. Nov. 16 in the fellowship hall at at LaGrange Baptist Church. The event is sponsored by Baptist Hospital Northeast
Features full breakfast buffet prepared by guest chef Garrett Sanborn. Sanborn is a chef, caterer and instructor who launched the Culinary Arts Academy for the Oldham County Schools. Norma Jean Burley, owner of Norma Jeans Restaurant, will assist with the buffet.
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Listed on Dec/11/2012
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History: Defence Against the Dark Arts staircase
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(cur) = difference from current version, (prev) = difference from preceding version, m = minor edit, → = section edit, ← = automatic edit summary


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47 U.S. Code § 155 - Commission
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(a) Chairman; duties; vacancy
The member of the Commission designated by the President as chairman shall be the chief executive officer of the Commission. It shall be his duty to preside at all meetings and sessions of the Commission, to represent the Commission in all matters relating to legislation and legislative reports, except that any commissioner may present his own or minority views or supplemental reports, to represent the Commission in all matters requiring conferences or communications with other governmental officers, departments or agencies, and generally to coordinate and organize the work of the Commission in such manner as to promote prompt and efficient disposition of all matters within the jurisdiction of the Commission. In the case of a vacancy in the office of the chairman of the Commission, or the absence or inability of the chairman to serve, the Commission may temporarily designate one of its members to act as chairman until the cause or circumstance requiring such designation shall have been eliminated or corrected.
(b) Organization of staff
From time to time as the Commission may find necessary, the Commission shall organize its staff into
(1) integrated bureaus, to function on the basis of the Commission's principal workload operations, and
(2) such other divisional organizations as the Commission may deem necessary. Each such integrated bureau shall include such legal, engineering, accounting, administrative, clerical, and other personnel as the Commission may determine to be necessary to perform its functions.
(c) Delegation of functions; exceptions to initial orders; force, effect and enforcement of orders; administrative and judicial review; qualifications and compensation of delegates; assignment of cases; separation of review and investigative or prosecuting functions; secretary; seal
(1) When necessary to the proper functioning of the Commission and the prompt and orderly conduct of its business, the Commission may, by published rule or by order, delegate any of its functions (except functions granted to the Commission by this paragraph and by paragraphs (4), (5), and (6) of this subsection and except any action referred to in sections 204 (a)(2), 208 (b), and 405 (b) of this title) to a panel of commissioners, an individual commissioner, an employee board, or an individual employee, including functions with respect to hearing, determining, ordering, certifying, reporting, or otherwise acting as to any work, business, or matter; except that in delegating review functions to employees in cases of adjudication (as defined in section 551 of title 5), the delegation in any such case may be made only to an employee board consisting of two or more employees referred to in paragraph (8) of this subsection. Any such rule or order may be adopted, amended, or rescinded only by a vote of a majority of the members of the Commission then holding office. Except for cases involving the authorization of service in the instructional television fixed service, or as otherwise provided in this chapter, nothing in this paragraph shall authorize the Commission to provide for the conduct, by any person or persons other than persons referred to in paragraph (2) or (3) of section 556 (b) of title 5, of any hearing to which such section applies.
(2) As used in this subsection the term "order, decision, report, or action" does not include an initial, tentative, or recommended decision to which exceptions may be filed as provided in section 409 (b) of this title.
(3) Any order, decision, report, or action made or taken pursuant to any such delegation, unless reviewed as provided in paragraph (4) of this subsection, shall have the same force and effect, and shall be made, evidenced, and enforced in the same manner, as orders, decisions, reports, or other actions of the Commission.
(4) Any person aggrieved by any such order, decision, report or action may file an application for review by the Commission within such time and in such manner as the Commission shall prescribe, and every such application shall be passed upon by the Commission. The Commission, on its own initiative, may review in whole or in part, at such time and in such manner as it shall determine, any order, decision, report, or action made or taken pursuant to any delegation under paragraph (1) of this subsection.
(5) In passing upon applications for review, the Commission may grant, in whole or in part, or deny such applications without specifying any reasons therefor. No such application for review shall rely on questions of fact or law upon which the panel of commissioners, individual commissioner, employee board, or individual employee has been afforded no opportunity to pass.
(6) If the Commission grants the application for review, it may affirm, modify, or set aside the order, decision, report, or action, or it may order a rehearing upon such order, decision, report, or action in accordance with section 405 of this title.
(7) The filing of an application for review under this subsection shall be a condition precedent to judicial review of any order, decision, report, or action made or taken pursuant to a delegation under paragraph (1) of this subsection. The time within which a petition for review must be filed in a proceeding to which section 402 (a) of this title applies, or within which an appeal must be taken under section 402 (b) of this title, shall be computed from the date upon which public notice is given of orders disposing of all applications for review filed in any case.
(8) The employees to whom the Commission may delegate review functions in any case of adjudication (as defined in section 551 of title 5) shall be qualified, by reason of their training, experience, and competence, to perform such review functions, and shall perform no duties inconsistent with such review functions. Such employees shall be in a grade classification or salary level commensurate with their important duties, and in no event less than the grade classification or salary level of the employee or employees whose actions are to be reviewed. In the performance of such review functions such employees shall be assigned to cases in rotation so far as practicable and shall not be responsible to or subject to the supervision or direction of any officer, employee, or agent engaged in the performance of investigative or prosecuting functions for any agency.
(d) Meetings
Meetings of the Commission shall be held at regular intervals, not less frequently than once each calendar month, at which times the functioning of the Commission and the handling of its work load shall be reviewed and such orders shall be entered and other action taken as may be necessary or appropriate to expedite the prompt and orderly conduct of the business of the Commission with the objective of rendering a final decision
(1) within three months from the date of filing in all original application, renewal, and transfer cases in which it will not be necessary to hold a hearing, and
(e) Managing Director; appointment, functions, pay
The Commission shall have a Managing Director who shall be appointed by the Chairman subject to the approval of the Commission. The Managing Director, under the supervision and direction of the Chairman, shall perform such administrative and executive functions as the Chairman shall delegate. The Managing Director shall be paid at a rate equal to the rate then payable for level V of the Executive Schedule.
Source(June 19, 1934, ch. 652, title I, § 5,48 Stat. 1068; July 16, 1952, ch. 879, § 4,66 Stat. 712; Pub. L. 87–192, §§ 1, 2,Aug. 31, 1961, 75 Stat. 420; Pub. L. 96–470, title I, § 116,Oct. 19, 1980, 94 Stat. 2240; Pub. L. 97–35, title XII, § 1252,Aug. 13, 1981, 95 Stat. 738; Pub. L. 97–259, title I, § 105,Sept. 13, 1982, 96 Stat. 1091; Pub. L. 99–272, title V, § 5002(c),Apr. 7, 1986, 100 Stat. 118; Pub. L. 100–594, §§ 4, 8 (a),Nov. 3, 1988, 102 Stat. 3021, 3023; Pub. L. 103–414, title III, § 303(a)(2),Oct. 25, 1994, 108 Stat. 4294; Pub. L. 104–104, title IV, § 403(c),Feb. 8, 1996, 110 Stat. 130.)
References in Text
This chapter, referred to in subsec. (c)(1), was in the original "this Act", meaning act June 19, 1934, ch. 652, 48 Stat. 1064, known as the Communications Act of 1934, which is classified principally to this chapter. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see section 609 of this title and Tables.
Level V of the Executive Schedule, referred to in subsec. (e), is set out in section 5316 of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees.
In subsec. (c)(1), (8), "adjudication (as defined in section 551 of title 5)" substituted for "adjudication (as defined in the Administrative Procedure Act)", and in subsec. (c)(1) "section 556 (b) of title 5" substituted for references to "section 7(a) of the Administrative Procedure Act", on authority of Pub. L. 89–554, § 7(b),Sept. 6, 1966, 80 Stat. 631, the first section of which enacted Title 5, Government Organization and Employees.
1996—Subsec. (c)(1). Pub. L. 104–104inserted last sentence and struck out former last sentence which read as follows: "Nothing in this paragraph shall authorize the Commission to provide for the conduct, by any person or persons other than persons referred to in clauses (2) and (3) of section 556 (b) of title 5, of any hearing to which such section 556 (b) applies."
1994—Subsecs. (e), (f). Pub. L. 103–414redesignated subsec. (f) as (e).
1988—Subsec. (c)(1). Pub. L. 100–594, § 8(a), inserted "and except any action referred to in sections 204 (a)(2), 208 (b), and 405 (b) of this title" after "and (6) of this subsection" in first sentence.
Subsec. (g). Pub. L. 100–594, § 4, struck out subsec. (g) which required an annual report to Congress and specified its contents.
1986—Subsec. (g). Pub. L. 99–272substituted "March 31" for "January 31".
1982—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 97–259, § 105(a), substituted "From" for "Within six months after July 16, 1952, and from" at beginning of subsection, and struck out "thereafter" after "time to time".
Subsecs. (c) to (e). Pub. L. 97–259, § 105(b), (c), redesignatedsubsecs. (d) and (e) as (c) and (d), respectively, and in par. (1) of subsec. (c), as so redesignated, substituted "two" for "three" after "employee board consisting of".
1981—Subsecs. (f), (g). Pub. L. 97–35added subsecs. (f) and (g).
1980—Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 96–470struck out "; and the Commission shall promptly report to the Congress each such case which has been pending before it more than such three- or six-month period, respectively, stating the reasons therefor" after "hearing cases".
1961—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 87–192, § 1, repealed subsec. (c) which provided for establishment of review staff, its composition, responsibility and duties.
Subsec. (d)(1). Pub. L. 87–192, § 2, substituted provisions which authorized the delegation of functions by published rule or by order to a panel of commissioners, and individual commissioner, an employee board, or an individual employee, and of review functions to an employee board of three or more employees, enumerated the functions to be delegated, with stated exceptions, and prescribed majority vote for order delegating review functions for former provision which authorized the assignment of reference of work, business or functions by order to an individual commissioner or commissioners or to a board of one or more employees and eliminated provision concerning force, effect and enforcement of orders, now incorporated in par. (3) of this subsection.
Subsec. (d)(2). Pub. L. 87–192, § 2, added par. (2). The subject matter was formerly covered by the introductory words of former par. (1) of this subsection which read "Except as provided in section 409 of this title." Sentences 1 and 2 of former par. (2) redesignated pars. (4) and (6), respectively.
Subsec. (d)(3). Pub. L. 87–192, § 2, redesignated second sentence of former par. (1) as par. (3) and substituted therein "report, or action made or taken pursuant to any such delegation, unless reviewed as provided in paragraph (4), shall have" and "other actions" for "report made, or other action taken, pursuant to any such order of assignment or reference shall, unless reviewed pursuant to paragraph (2), have" and "action", respectively. Former par. (3) redesignated (9).
Subsec. (d)(4). Pub. L. 87–192, § 2, redesignated first sentence of former par. (2) as par. (4), included "action" in enumeration, and inserted provision for review on initiative of the Commission.
Subsec. (d)(5). Pub. L. 87–192, § 2, added par. (5).
Subsec. (d)(6). Pub. L. 87–192, § 2, redesignated second sentence of former par. (2) as par. (6), inserting "for review" after "applications" and substituting "the Commission", "the order", "it may order" and "in accordance with" for "it", "such order", "may order" and "under", respectively.
Subsec. (d)(7), (8). Pub. L. 87–192, § 2, added pars. (7) and (8).
Subsec. (d)(9). Pub. L. 87–192, § 2, redesignated former par. (3) as (9) and made it applicable to each panel of the Commission, each employee board instead of each board, and each individual employee.
1952—Act July 16, 1952, amended section generally to provide for the organization of the staff, integrated bureaus, and for a review staff.
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May 3, 2016
Associated Press Release
ROME, Ga. (AP) -- Authorities say a north Georgia man who fled police has been found dead in flood waters in Floyd County.
The Rome News-Tribune reports that 51-year-old Jeffery Lee Couch of Plainville was pronounced dead Saturday afternoon.
Deputies found Couch's body submerged in floodwaters on the side of a road. They had been looking for him since Tuesday, when a Gordon County deputy attempted to stop the man for a traffic violation.
It's unclear when Couch fled authorities. But a police statement says authorities last saw the man when he tried to swim away through floodwaters after his truck stalled during a chase.
Searchers found the man's body in about 4 feet of water. The water had been as deep as 12 feet before it began going down.
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R&G Exhaust Header Pipe Grill for Tiger 800 11-14
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