text: Anna Kendricik..sounde familiar..Yep Actress! She's gone viral w/ the song she performed in the movie 'Pitch Perfect' as her character Becca MItchell. Here's the Vevo video that is making the rounds BIG TIME on YouTube and many making their own videos putting cups to work for them too! Check out Anna's 'Cups' (You're Gonna Miss Me) video.


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#Cubs Tweet Tweet!
"You guys [press] have a job to do & I respect that, but I don't read the papers, I don't twit and I don't Facebook." -Dale Sveum #Cubs
— Bullpen Brian (@bullpenbrian) October 3, 2012
That's 23rd time #Cubs have walked a pitcher this season, most in MLB
— Carrie Muskat (@CarrieMuskat) October 3, 2012
The #Cubs got a hit in every one of their 100 losses. #silverlinings
— Cubs No-Hit Streak (@CubsNoHitStreak) October 2, 2012
#Cubs Win!! And, mercifully, it's over. #Amen
— Julie DiCaro (@JulieDiCaro) October 3, 2012
LaHair with one last fond Chicago memory for those cold nights in Japan.
— John Carruthers (@UTChicago) October 3, 2012
Since the #Cubs were out of town, someone had to keep the losing tradition alive.#rydercup
— Ken Crost (@KenCrost) October 1, 2012
— Harry Elliott (@SipBlueKoolAid) October 2, 2012
The fact that the regular season is coming to an end always makes me melancholy, no matter how disastrous and putrid the #Cubs have been.
— Mike Santore (@cubbyblue1888) October 2, 2012
The Orioles and A's are officially both in the playoffs. Which means, because of science, the #Cubs are never going to the playoffs again
— Broseph Jivas (@BrosephJivas) October 2, 2012
Both of these MLB play-in games should be held in Dayton's basketball gym.
— SportsPickle (@sportspickle) October 5, 2012
I've never been a fan of the #Dodgers or #Reds… until now. #DownwithSTL
— Josh Helms (@helms83) October 2, 2012
The Braves have totally Cub'd this game.
— Stan Croussett (@MindofStan) October 5, 2012
Nice blackout policy @mlb @mlbonfox.
— waxpaperbeercup (@wpbc) September 29, 2012

subset: commoncrawl


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Expected release date: September 25, 2007
Hyped features from publisher:
- Next-generation experiences. With the power of Xbox 360, "Halo 3" raises the bar on the next-generation gameplay experience with nonstop action, an incredible story, massive battles and visually stunning worlds.
- Stunning single-player action. Epic and compelling storytelling is on a scale never before seen in interactive entertainment, with new weapons, characters and challenges. Gamers can experience Master Chief's greatest battle as he transcends greatness and becomes a legend.
- Enhanced Xbox LIVE multiplayer capability. Working in concert with Xbox LIVE on Xbox 360, "Halo 3" builds upon the unique social multiplayer experience of "Halo 2" and promises to enhance the innovative and evolving online gameplay of "Halo 2" on Xbox LIVE*.
- Evolution of a blockbuster. Taking full advantage of the power of Xbox 360, "Halo 3" will expand on everything that has made the "Halo" franchise great and will add a wealth of technical advancements.
- Next-generation, high-definition visuals. Presented in stunning high-definition, the well-known "Halo" universe will appear as it's never been seen before. State-of-the-art high dynamic range (HDR) lighting makes every scene look and feel like the real thing, from terrifying gloom to dazzling sunshine, adding more detail to every weapon, more texture to every character and more realism to every battle.
- Enhanced AI. Countless foes, each with their own distinct personality, strategy and fighting style, make for better encounters and more replay value, which will culminate in larger-scale combat than previously witnessed on the "Halo" battlefield.
- Split-screen support. Staying true to the original games, "Halo 3" will support four-player split-screen and system-link gameplay, letting gamers battle it out online, via Xbox LIVE or with a group of friends in their own living rooms*.
- In-depth statistic tracking and standings. Made famous as a key component of the renowned "Halo 2" multiplayer experience, Bungie.net will continue to offer innovations in ways that gamers track their progress as they view their rankings and stats in real time.
- Fully positional Dolby Digital 5.1 surround sound. Duck as a rocket sizzles overhead. Take action as the footsteps of a Covenant adversary echo in the distance. Every sound in "Halo 3" is fully positional, bringing the world of "Halo" to an even more vivid level of realism.
- Saved films. Record and save a memorable match and watch it over and over again from any angle or player viewpoint. A simple press of a button saves the entire game to a file sharing area where players can watch favorite films and recommend them to friends.
- File sharing. Create and customize a variety of content that can be shared with anyone around the world who is connected to Xbox LIVE. Edit custom game types, saved films and screenshots and upload them, or check out films, game types, screenshots and more that are recommended by Bungie Studios.


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Ichthyology – Fish
Pisces (Fish) are a taxonomically very diverse group of primarily aquatic vertebrates. The ichtyological collection comprises approximately 133,490 items pertaining to species , including
- 1,100 Fish skeletons
- 1,750 dry preparations and fish skins
- 130,640 fish preserved in alcohol
The oldest parts of the collection, which are also the most valuable in terms of history of science, are the fish collections of M. E. Bloch und P. S. Pallas. Both collections date back to the late 18th century.
The Bloch Collection
The Bloch Collection comprised in its heyday approximately 1,500 specimens, which provided the basis for many species descriptions. Although the Museum went through difficult times, the major part of the collection has survived and remains an important reference collection for taxonomy, which is frequently used.
Type Specimens
The type specimens relating to 1,700 species descriptions are of particular scientific importance. The collection contains type specimens relating to the works of Cuvier and Valenciennes as well as expeditions by Hemprich, Ehrenberg and W.C.H. Peters. There is also material from comparative anatomical studies by Johannes Müller from the middle of the 19th century.
Furthermore, the collection houses numerous specimens from significant marine biological expeditions, such as Stuhlmann's travels to East Africa, the German "Valdivia" expedition and the German South Polar Expedition. More recent collections originate, amongst others, from the former Institut für Hochseefischerei (Institute for High Sea Fishery) of the GDR in Rostock.
Because the alcohol collection will be moved to the East Wing, scientific use will be limited until approximately October 2010.


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this wiki
- "I will not fail you, blood of my blood."
- ―Rakharo to Daenerys Targaryen
Rakharo is a recurring character in the first and second seasons. He is played by guest star Elyes Gabel and debuts in "Lord Snow." Gabel was originally announced as playing the role of Jhogo, but HBO decided to change his name to that of a similar character in the books, Rakharo, to avoid confusion with the name Drogo. Rakharo is a loyal Dothraki bodyguard to Daenerys Targaryen. Following the birth of her dragons he is named a bloodrider by his Khaleesi. He is killed by a rival khalasar while scouting the Red Waste.
Rakharo is a Dothraki warrior who is skilled in combat. He is young, but extremely capable in battle. He was trained by his father, who was a bloodrider in the retinue of a famous khal, Khal Bharbo. He is descended from a long line of bloodriders. He protected Daenerys from her brother's vicious temper and was one of the first to declare her "blood of my blood." [1]
Season 1
Khal Drogo assigns Rakharo to be the bodyguard of Daenerys Targaryen, Drogo's khaleesi. Their marriage was brokered by her brother Viserys in exchange for Drogo's assistance in reclaiming the Iron Throne for House Targaryen. Drogo takes the khalasar east to Vaes Dothrak. Rakharo discreetly follows Daenerys when she briefly leaves the column to walk in some nearby trees and witnesses her brother Viserys unleashing his rage upon her. Rakharo disables Viserys by whipping him around the throat. At Daenerys's request he spares Viserys, but forces him to walk back to the khalasar by taking his horse. Later, he and Ser Jorah Mormont discuss the relative merits of Dothraki and Westerosi weapons and armor before he gets into a petty argument with Daenerys's handmaiden Irri over what to prepare for dinner. Irri reveals that Daenerys is pregnant and demands the slaughter of a goat.[2]
Viserys continues to press Drogo to fulfil his promise immediately and drunkenly threatens Daenerys in front of the khalasar. Rakharo watches as Drogo kills Viserys using a crown of molten gold.[3] Rakharo apprehends an assassin who attempts to poison Daenerys in the markets of Vaes Dothrak after he is exposed by Ser Jorah.[4]
The assassination attempt causes Drogo to vow to take the Iron Throne for Daenerys. He takes the khalasar south to raid the Lhazareen people to obtain slaves in order to fund the invasion. Rakharo accompanies Daenerys during the Khalasar's raid on a Lhazareen village. Daenerys objects to the dothraki's treatment of the slaves. Rakharo stops the dothraki raping the women. Daenerys' actions provoke dissent and lead to a fight between Drogo and Mago. Drogo easily kills Mago but allows Mago to inflict a small wound while initiating the fight.[5] Drogo's wound festers and he falls from his horse during the journey to sell the Lhazareen slaves. Rakharo stays loyal to Daenerys and carries out her commands even when the other Dothraki begin to blame her for Drogo's decline into illness. Qotho attacks Daenerys and Jorah intervenes, killing Qotho. Daenerys goes into premature labor.[6] Daenerys son dies and Drogo is left in a vegetative state. The Lhazareen maegi Mirri Maz Duur takes responsibility. Daenerys ends Drogo's misery and then builds a funeral pyre for him. She orders Rakharo to place her dragon eggs on the pyre and then to bind Duur within the flames. Daenerys steps into the inferno as her people watch. They stand vigil through the night and in the morning they find her amongst the ashes with three newly hatched dragons. Rakharo joins Ser Jorah in declaring his loyalty to her.[7]
Season 2
Rakharo becomes one of Daenerys bloodriders along with Aggo and Kovarro. Daenerys leads what remains of her khalasar deep into the Red Waste to avoid attack from rival khalasars or retribution from the Lhazareen. Facing starvation she sends Rakharo, Aggo and Kovarro to scout in three different directions, using the last remaining horses. Rakharo is sent North East. Daenerys says goodbye to him personally and tells him that he has never failed her. He says that it is a bad time to start.[8]
Rakharo's horse returns to the khalasar without him. Jorah Mormont approaches the horse to find Rakharo's decapitated head in a bag (along with his cut braid of hair, to mark his defeat), speculating he might have been killed by Khals Pono or Jhaqo to show their contempt for a female leading a Khalassar. Irri, who was in love with Rakharo[1], is distraught because, according to Dothraki belief, his spirit won't be able to move on to the Night Lands - the afterlife - to ride with his ancestors.[9]
|Season One appearances
|Winter is Coming
|The Kingsroad
|Lord Snow
|Cripples, Bastards and Broken Things
|The Wolf and the Lion
|A Golden Crown
|You Win or You Die
|The Pointy End
|Fire and Blood
|Season Two appearances
|The North Remembers
|The Night Lands
|What is Dead May Never Die
|Garden of Bones
|The Ghost of Harrenhal
|The Old Gods and the New
|A Man Without Honor
|The Prince of Winterfell
|Valar Morghulis
Image gallery
In the books
In the A Song of Ice and Fire novels Jhogo is sixteen years old at the start of the series and favors a combination of the whip and arakh in battle. He is a warrior in Khal Drogo's khalasar and is assigned to Daenerys Targaryen as bodyguard by her new husband.
The character of Rakharo is similar, but is older and more seasoned than Jhogo. He has a long, curving mustache and wields the arakh alone in combat. Based on his repeated use of the whip, the Rakharo of the TV series appears to be predominantly based on the Jhogo character from the books.
Rakharo survives his scouting mission in the Red Waste. In the book it is Doreah who dies on the journey, contracting a wasting disease. So far, Rakharo, Aggo and Jhogo are alive and well.
See also
- Jhogo at A Wiki of Ice and Fire (spoilers from the books)
|Season 1:
|Season 3:
Gendry · Locke · Rast · Martyn Lannister
|Show-exclusive new characters:
Alton Lannister · Reginald Lannister · Copper King · Silk King · Spice King · Malakho · Myranda · Violet


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May 5, 2016
The Iran hostage thriller "Argo" is the surprise best-drama winner at Sunday's Golden Globes, beating out the Civil War epic "Lincoln," which had emerged as an awards-season favorite.
"Argo" also claimed the directing prize for Ben Affleck, a prize that normally bodes well for an Academy Award win -- except he missed out on an Oscar nomination this time.
"Les Miserables" was named best musical or comedy, while Hugh Jackman and Anne Hathaway claimed acting prizes.
On the TV side, it was a battle for cable supremacy with three honors each for Showtime's CIA thriller "Homeland" and "Game Change," the HBO movie about Sarah Palin's 2008 vice presidential candidacy.
HBO's "Girls" picked up two awards for best comedy. Show creator Lena Dunham was tapped as best comic actress, beating out nominees Tina Fey and Amy Poehler of NBC. In fact, all the commercial networks were snubbed and PBS received just one award.
Copyright 2016 by The Associated Press. All Rights Reserved.
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Tens of thousands still without power in Miss.
Saturday, September 1, 2012
JACKSON, Miss. (AP) — About 34,000 Mississippi utility customers were still waiting Friday for their power to be restored after Hurricane Isaac.
Entergy Mississippi reported about 18,000 customers without power in Mississippi after 7 p.m. Friday. That's down from 60,000 at the peak of power outages during Isaac, the utility said.
Eight electric cooperatives had a combined 16,000 customers without service at the same hour. That's down from 83,000 cooperative customers without power early Thursday morning.
Mississippi Power Co. said it had restored power to all its customers who could receive it just before midnight Thursday. The Southern Co. unit said that at points during the storm, nearly one third of its 186,000 customers lost power.
"I want to thank our customers for their patience, and the Mississippi Power crews for their outstanding work," Mississippi Power CEO Ed Day said in a statement.
Entergy had the most outages Friday night in Warren County at 3,300. Hinds, Lincoln, Pike, Copiah and Franklin counties also had significant numbers of customers without power. The company said earlier Friday that damage to its system was worst in the Natchez, Brookhaven, McComb and Gloster areas and that workers may not hook up remaining customers in those locales until Sunday.
"Our teams are working 16-hour days to restore power to all of our customers, and we won't stop until every customer that can receive power is restored," Entergy Mississippi CEO Haley Fisackerly said in a statement. "We have damage over a large part of the 45 counties we serve in western Mississippi, and we expect the restoration process to continue through the weekend."
The cooperatives with the largest number of outages remaining include McComb-based Magnolia Electric Power Association, with more than 9,000, and Lorman-based Southwest Mississippi Electric Power Association, with more than 5,000.
The Electric Power Associations of Mississippi said its combined total of 16,000 outages includes more than 1,000 meters that can't be reconnected because of flooding or damage.
Entergy Corp.'s problems were far worse in Louisiana, where 445,000 customers were waiting for power Friday evening. The company also had 5,000 outages in Arkansas, where Isaac's remnants blew through Friday.
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What is RM Cash
"Customer service is priority #1 at Rocky Mountain ATV/MC. We value our customers and strive to be the best shopping experience- when you buy from us, you are buying lifetime service."
-Dan Thomas, CEO and Founder
We take pride in offering no hassle returns. In the event of a return, please call, email or chat with us to receive a solution to the problem. For apparel that doesn't fit quite right, Click here to see our Fit Guaranteed Program.
We will stand behind all products we sell with regards to manufacturing defects in workmanship and material. Most products are limited to the manufacturer's warranty. However, we will do everything in our power to take care of the problem.
Each review submitted enters you into a $100 gift card monthly drawing, and a $500 gift card quarterly drawing!
Comments On Aug 30, 2013:Got one for Christmas. Would power on first time and work perfectly. As soon as you turned it off you could not turn back on again without removing batteries and reinstalling. Did all of the firmware updates as instructed with no fix. Finally returned. Emailed tech support about issue first day I had issue. Finally got a response from Go Pro 3 weeks after I returned it. 5 weeks total with no response. There suggestion. Update the firmware and was generic email. A lot of money for something that doesn't work. Thought I got a bum one until I started reading other reviews online. If you get one good luck as I think it's 50/50 chance that it will work. Also be careful as the Go Pro Hero 3 white has less capability than the old Go Pro Hero 2. Marketing nonsense and just a way to fool the consumer. RMATV is Great!!!!! Go Pro not so much.
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Comments On Aug 26, 2013:Bought the black version so I could use a remote. Remote goes dead through half of a ride. Camera will not play back on either of our computers. And we have updated the software. Tech support sucks. I like my original gopro better. My sister is having same issues with her new one. Not RM's fault, it is gopro's issue
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Comments On Dec 25, 2012:I found this little camera quite fun. I've filmed snowmobile, to letting the kids take it down the toboggan hill, to filming our family dinner with it(needs decent light for less grain).
no problems yet, people complain about the battery life..... look at the size vs. the quality of the video 4000, 2700, 1080, 960 ect. I do recommend a bigger sd card at 1080 res. it uses up 4 gigs in about 15 mins. also i recommend at least quad core with 4 gig memory. I had to upgrade from a 4600 dual core cuz the video would't play smoothly at anything over 960
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Other items of interest


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Los Santos Police Department (3D Universe)
this wiki
- For information about how the LSPD pursue the player, see here.
The Los Santos Police Department (LSPD) is a branch of the San Andreas Police Department servicing the city of Los Santos in Grand Theft Auto: San Andreas. The LSPD is the largest police force in the state.
Modeled after the Los Angeles Police Department (LAPD), the LSPD are a prominent part of the storyline in Grand Theft Auto: San Andreas. The department's headquarters sit adjacent to Los Santos City Hall in the Pershing Square district of Los Santos, San Andreas. This is where the player re-spawns after being arrested anywhere within Los Santos city limits.
There is also another smaller "LSPD HQ", located in Dillimore, Red County; while unspecified by its signage to be within LSPD's jurisdiction, the game dubs the station as an "LSPD HQ" when the player enters the station. This may be because when the interior was used the name was as well. However, if the player is busted in Red County, the player respawns at the Pershing Square LSPD instead. This may indicate the LSPD in Red County is uncharged of all the small towns in the Red County.
The LSPD houses a branch known as C.R.A.S.H. (Community Resources Against Street Hoodlums, based on a anti-gang branch of the LAPD), of which officers Frank Tenpenny, Eddie Pulaski, and Jimmy Hernandez are members. Tenpenny is also represented as the main antagonistic element throughout the game's entire storyline, and him, along with Pulaski, who is also an antagonist, use their authority as LSPD officers to achieve their sinister ends.
The LSPD seems to host the only SWAT team in San Andreas as the Enforcers that appear when the player has a 4-star wanted level have LSPD markings on them regardless of the players location.
Police brutality
In the underground garage of the Los Santos Police Department headquarters, the player can witness police brutality in the form of one police officer repeatedly punching a random pedestrian model while a second officer taunts or cheers on. This set piece may be inspired by the real-life beating of Rodney King by the Los Angeles Police Department, which eventually triggered the 1992 Los Angeles riots.
- There is a Hidden Shotgun in the office area of the LSPD HQ.
- There is also a hidden purple dildo in the shower in the LSPD HQ. This dildo can be used as a weapon.
- Killing an officer guarding the Impound Garages won't give the player a wanted level unless another officer (not from the garage) is in the vincity. If you do, you would only get 1 star.
- Killing an LSPD officer during a gang war would only give 1 star, no matter what weapon you use. If you already have a wanted level, your level won't go up, not even from a 1 star wanted level.
- No matter where you are in the state, LSPD Enforcers will chase you.
- Even if you have a police uniform, the police will still shoot you.
- In a beta screenshot you can see a blond officer, implying there was originally going to be other officer models.
- The underground garage is full of unlocked and locked police cars, police brutality, and lurking officers. However, the gate is guarded by a police officer. Destroying the barrier will provoke him to aim his handgun at you wherever you go. If you back up or go out of his range, you can hear him request for back-up from his walkie-talkie and you earn a three to four star wanted rating. The same applies for all underground garages in the entire state. It would be easier to shoot the guard and earn a one-star level to avoid any trouble.
- In one of the GTA San Andreas screenshots, there is a female LSPD Officer even though there are no actual female officers in the game.


text: Photo zooms unavailable for this product Bro Style The Bro Style Cuff Beanie in Blue $16.00 THIS ITEM IS OUT OF STOCK Want to know if it comes back in stock? SUBMIT Preparing your subscription Thank you for signing up, you will get an email when the product is back in stock. Shop Beanies or Shop Bro Style Please enter a quantity. Sorry, you've requested more of this item than is available.


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Peoria's history, population, vision/mission statements, sustainability efforts, redistricting, and construction projects. Info on the P83 district, schools, the Peoria Leadership Institute seminar, and diversity.
Information on the City Council including agendas , the Mayor, the Municipal Court, City Manager and ADA along with the city's various initiatives.
News from the city of Peoria, press releases from the Office of Communications, links to RSS feeds and E-News signup. View programming on Channel 11, PeoriaTV.
Information on the employment process, a listing of current open jobs, how to apply on-line and a list of all jobs and salaries at the city.
A listing of links to directories of city services, including all online e-services.
The city of Peoria Municipal Complex is home to City Hall, the Council Chambers, the Main Library, the Development and Community Services Building, the Public Safety Administration Building, and the Municipal Court.
A listing of links to maps available on the city of Peoria Website.
The City of Peoria budget is managed by the Management and Budget Division. Find copies of the latest Program Budget and the CIP here.
The City Code and Zoning Ordinace, with updates are located here. Also, find the City Charter, and legal statements related to the website, including our Privacy Notice.
City Manager's Message on Diversity and Inclusion
How to pay bills you may have with the city, including water, sewer and trash collection fees, recreation program and class fees, traffic fines and more. Setup water and sewer service.
Home and Property Resources includes information on trash pickup,water conservation, swimming pool issues and recycling, along with other relevant information for homeowners.
Neighborhood Resources includes information on dealing with graffiti removal, block parties, animal control, street repairs, odors and other neighborhood related quality of life issues.
Helpful services provided by the fire and police departments. Report criminal activity, locate crime information, register alarms, and learn about crime prevention.
Search for scheduled events and meetings in the city including documents relating to city council meetings and other meetings.
This section contains information and links to the Peoria Public Library's website, the Arts Commission, the Center for Performing Arts, and Annual Arts festivals and Celebrations.
Information on recreation programs and classes, afterschool and preschool programs, sports leagues and locations and amenities of city parks.
Information on bus routes, park and ride, dial a ride and bicycle paths. Also, road closures and lane restrictions.
Use this page to find information on the city of Peoria website of interest to builders and developers.Included are inspections, zoning and zoning ordinance, the city code, general plan, permitting, and impact fees.
How to get a business license, tax license, sales tax schedules/forms, register to use the online eTax system, pay taxes and fees. Bidding on contracts with the city and auctions, trash collection, recycling, traffic counts.
Links to the Building Development Division and the Site Development Division of the Engineering Department
Information on Building Permits. Find out about permits for signs, temporary use of property, filming, and alarms. Download forms and track applications for development, building, planning and engineering permits.
The city's main document portal for development related documents including planning and zoning, building, engineering and fire prevention.
Economic Development Services offers Business and Real Estate Development, and other assistance for businesses and developers, on the website PeoriaAZSmart.com.
The Seattle Mariners and the San Diego Padres conduct spring training at the Peoria Sports Complex each February and March. Everything you need to know is at PeoriaSpringTraining.com.
A listing of area hotels, motels and RV Parks, listed by distance from the Peoria Sports Complex.
The city of Peoria, Arizona is proud to be the "Gateway to Lake Pleasant," one of the finest water recreation areas in Arizona.
Links to Items of interest to tourists, including VisitPeoriaaz.com, our official tourism website.
The Peoria Center for the Performing Arts consists of a 280 seat main stage auditorium and an 80+ seat black box theater, designed to bring award winning community theater to downtown Peoria.
City of Peoria hiking trails information, directions and maps.
Special Events, sponsored and hosted by the city, held throughout the year at the Peoria Sports Complex, Oldtown Peoria and other areas.
The Peoria Sports Complex is home to the San Diego Padres and Seattle Mariners during spring training, and many other events throughout the year.
2014 Bulk Trash Clean-Up Program
Once a year, the City offers free pickup of large items from your home.
The 2014 Bulk Trash Clean-Up Program is intended for current City of Peoria residents who receive solid waste services.To setup refuse collection services with the City of Peoria, please call 623-773-7160.
The 2014 Bulk Trash Clean-Up Program begins January 13, 2014 and ends June 27, 2014. View or download the map below to obtain the collection dates for your zone.
Find your pickup date: View the Interactive Bulk Trash Clean-up Program map. View or Download 2014 Bulk Trash Clean-Up Program Map(PDF)
Appliances: Stoves, washers, refrigerators, water heaters, microwaves, dryers, televisions (Please remove refrigerator doors)
Furniture: Sofas, chairs, tables, bookcases, desks, patio furniture, exercise equipment, mattresses
Yard Waste: Tree limbs must be no more than 3 feet in length, cacti (boxed), branches, grass/leaves in bags
Wood: Fences, building materials
Hazarous Waste: Motor oil, paint, paint thinner, cleaners, gasoline, batteries, liquids
Medical Waste: Prescription drugs, sharps, biological waste
Inert Materials:Rocks, bricks, pavers, dirt, block, concrete, tile.
Auto Parts:Tires, auto body parts
Misc. Roofing material, glass doors,windows, animal waste
Guidelines for Bulk Trash Clean-Up Program
Help us stay on schedule by following these guidelines:
If you have questions or need assistance with your schedule, please feel free to contact the Solid Waste Division at 623-773-7160. Para solicitar este folleto en español por favor de llamar al Departamento de Sanidad al 623-773-7160.
The Solid Waste Division would like to thank you for your assistance and participation during the Loose Trash Cleanup Program. As a reminder, your refuse collection will change during the holidays observed by the City of Peoria. Keep informed of these changes by checking the Holiday Collection Schedule on this website, referring to your Solid Waste Collection and Information Brochure or contacting the Solid Waste Division.
For Hazardous Waste Disposal, click here for a list of the upcoming dates of the Household Hazardous Waste drop off events. You must have City of Peoria Residential Refuse Services to participate in this program.
For more information, contact us during our business hours, 7 am - 6 pm - Monday through Thursday, at 623-773-7160 or email us at email@example.com.
City of Peoria8401 W. Monroe StreetPeoria, Arizona 85345


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Joint pain can affect one or more joints.
Stiffness in a joint; Pain - joints; Arthralgia
Joint pain can be caused by many types of injuries or conditions. It may be linked to arthritis, bursitis, and muscle pain. No matter what causes it, joint pain can be very bothersome. Some things that can cause joint pain are:
Follow your doctor's recommendation for treating the cause of the pain.
For nonarthritis joint pain, both rest and exercise are important. Warm baths, massage, and stretching exercises should be used as often as possible.
Aceteminophen (Tylenol) may help the soreness feel better. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS) such as ibuprofen or naproxen may help relieve pain and swelling. Talk to your health care provider before giving aspirin or NSAIDs such as ibuprofen to children.
Contact your health care provider if:
Your doctor or nurse will perform a physical exam and ask you questions about your medical history and symptoms, including:
Tests that may be done include:
Physical therapy for muscle and joint rehabilitation may be recommended. A procedure called arthrocentesis may be needed to remove fluid from the sore joint.
Arend WP, Lawry GV. Approach to the patient with rheumatic disease. In: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Goldman's Cecil Medicine. 24th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Saunders Elsevier; 2011:chap 264.


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Michelle Grattan
Michelle Grattan is the political editor of The Age. In 2008, she shared the Melbourne Press Club Lifetime Achievement Award with Laurie Oakes. She edited the books 'Reconciliation' and 'Australian Prime Ministers' (2000), and wrote 'Back on the Wool Track' (2004).
Malcolm Fraser: Fight against racism was one of his defining issues
Michelle Grattan Malcolm Fraser – as opposition leader, prime minister and in retirement – was always a polarising figure, a characteristic coming through in some of the assessment of his legacy.
Michelle Grattan
Peris 'coup' a good move but it does raise eyebrows
Michelle Grattan Julia Gillard's 'captain's pick' is a bold move and, at one level, very hard to dispute.
Michelle Grattan, Daniel Flitton
PM accuses Abbott of asylum cowardice
Michelle Grattan in New Delhi and Daniel Flitton Julia Gillard has accused Tony Abbott of being cowardly for not raising his tow-back policy with Indonesia President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono.
Abbott flags rise in defence spending
Michelle Grattan and Jessica Wright Tony Abbott has declared that a Coalition government would ''aspire'' to restore the 3 per cent real annual growth in defence spending that marked the final seven years of the Howard government.
Michelle Grattan
Vital questions unanswered in PM's ambitious plan
Michelle Grattan Moral crusade aside, Julia Gillard's schools announcement fell short of giving full satisfaction.
Michelle Grattan
Unsavoury way to sort out a feud
Michelle Grattan The Gillard camp's tactics are dirty and demeaning. Rudd's 'who, me?' line is nonsense.
Michelle Grattan
Leadership rivals wait to see who blinks first
Michelle Grattan The Rudd and Gillard camps might sound like a couple of juveniles, but each is fighting for tactical advantage.
Michelle Grattan
Labor's rock and hard place
Michelle Grattan Leadership battles are always dirty but to have trashed two leaders and its brand is Labor's disgrace.
Michelle Grattan
Sorry saga has to end in public
Michelle Grattan The saga of Fair Work Australia's investigation into the Health Services Union and Labor MP Craig Thomson has just become even more of a farce.
Michelle Grattan
How to get the back bench on the front foot
Michelle Grattan Harry Jenkins is right to call for backbenchers to have a stronger voice.
Michelle Grattan
Embassy new blow to PM's credibility
Michelle Grattan The Australia Day affair has thrown more questions over the PM's credibility.
Michelle Grattan
Shared values shine through the dark side of politics
Michelle Grattan, Political Editor The violent demonstration on Australia Day was confronting political ugliness.
Michelle Grattan
All about Kevin ... and Bill
Michelle Grattan Julia Gillard has promoted a bunch of bright ministers who are, above all, good political salespeople.
Michelle Grattan
Gillard fails to seize the day despite uranium
Michelle Grattan Labor's national conference has done nothing to strengthen Julia Gillard's authority with the public and has highlighted the continuing leadership tensions in the government.
Michelle Grattan
Politics takes centre stage
Michelle Grattan A combination of savings and fiddles has produced a projected surplus for 2012-13.
Michelle Grattan
Gillard's win gives her some breathing space
Michelle Grattan Senate's tick for carbon price a defining and especially well-timed victory for Julia Gillard.
Michelle Grattan
Shorten showing he has head for greater heights
Michelle Grattan If and when there are plans for a reshuffle, one would expect Bill Shorten to get a promotion.
Michelle Grattan
Nothing budging but body count
Michelle Grattan The boat tragedy off Indonesia has made not a whit of difference to the substantive policy debate in Australia.
Michelle Grattan
A tale of three villains, no hero
Michelle Grattan All parties - the unions, the airline and the government - are being painted as villains.
Michelle Grattan
Now for the consequences of big reform
Michelle Grattan Julia Gillard has ''landed'', as they say in Labor circles, the most significant reform this government has made.


text:
A PEER education project, dubbed Health Care Improvement Project, currently being implemented in Morogoro Urban and Rural districts in the region, has distributed a total of 55 bicycles valued at 20m/- to peer educators.
The project, which is being supervised by the University Research Company (URC) and funded by the United States Agency for International Development (USAID), distributed the bicycles as working tools to help the educators reach people living with HIV/Aids and serve them.
Speaking at the handover, URC director Dr Davis Rumisha said the support was in response to requests by peer educators, who have been walking long distances in efforts to offer their services.
"We received requests from peer educators who wanted us to provide them with means of transport to help them travel quicker, and we worked on it whereby the donors helped us," said Dr Rumisha.
For his part, Morogoro Regional Medical Officer Dr Godfrey Mrema said there were huge successes in the performance of the peer educators working in the two districts.
He said because of their good performance there were more people now on ARVs because of the education provided to people living with HIV/Aids.
He said enabling peer educators to have means of transport would help them improve their services.
He called on the people to look for peer educators, speak with them and seek their advice on various matters, especially those related to HIV/Aids.
For their part, the peer educators, through their speech read on their behalf by Juma Kabombe, thanked the donors and the researchers for supporting them with means of transport.
They said, however, that there were still some other challenges that they
faced in the performance of their duties, including lack of machines to screen people's blood, especially in remote areas, so as to help people understand their health status.
Handing over the bicycles, deputy Morogoro municipal mayor Lidya Mbiaji commended the peer educators for their great service, as well people who have started taking ARVs after having learnt about their health conditions.


text:
April 20, 2016
PHMSA issues clarification regarding Designated Agents, view notice here.
April 5, 2016
PHMSA publishes Final Rule on Reverse Logistics.
March 10, 2016
FMCSA publishes Proposed Rule on Entry Level Driver Training requirements.
March 8, 2016
View key presentations from the 2016 APA Winter Conference here.
December 16, 2015
FMCSA publishes Final Rule on Electric Logging Devices.
November 25, 2015
2016 APA Winter Conference Feb. 23-25, see a sneak peak here.
October 20, 2015
House T&I Committee introduces surface transportation reauthorization & reform legislation, read more.
September 1, 2015
Tianjin, China explosions create uncertain shipping delays, read more here.
August 6, 2015
Senate confirms new PHMSA Administrator, Marie Dominguez.
June 29, 2015
FMCSA grants APA HOS waiver request, see notice.
June 26, 2015
CPSC announces drop in fireworks related injuries, read more.
June 5, 2015
APA supported legislation to safeguard seaports from disruptions introduced by Sen. Cory Gardner (CO)
June 3, 2015
President Obama nominates next PHMSA Administrator.
May 22, 2015
Remember to Celebrate Safely this holiday weekend as we remember our U.S. heros.
May 12, 2015
June 1 deadline for GHS Labeling & SDSs requirements, members click here for guidance
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PHMSA reminds Hazmat shippers & carriers of emergency response responsibilities, see notice.
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PHMSA to clarify policy on additional name item fireworks Approvals, read more here.
March 24, 2015
Prepare for the season with APA Safe-T First, members click here.
February 25, 2015
Delays may continue despite West Coast Port labor resolution, read more
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West Coast Port delays escalate, APA members click here for guidance.
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Istar Optical was founded in 2009 and based in the Czech Republic, Europe by Ales Patrick Krivanek, engineer and designer. Ales' vision is to make a variety of quality refractors available to amateurs astronomers worldwide for a reasonable price. His telescopes are not made on an assembly line, but are custom built by hand from quality CNC machined materials. The lenses are designed by Istar's own Master Optician. Each telescope is assembled and tested at their facility in Southwest Florida, USA.
In a world of mass production and "cookie cutter" designs, Istar stands alone. Every astronomer is different and so is their idea of the perfect refractor telescope. This is why Istar offers a wide variety of scope configurations including lens diameters, focal ratios, and focusers.
OTA includes Istar, US made, Dual Speed, 360° Rotatable 2.5" Focuser, a Special Lens Cap and prepaid delivery to any US Mainland address! Visual Test report and 5 Year Limited Warranty documents included.
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"Customer service is priority #1 at Rocky Mountain ATV/MC. We value our customers and strive to be the best shopping experience- when you buy from us, you are buying lifetime service."
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We take pride in offering no hassle returns. In the event of a return, please call, email or chat with us to receive a solution to the problem. For apparel that doesn't fit quite right, Click here to see our Fit Guaranteed Program.
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Comments On Dec 01, 2012:love the dark smoke with the gloss black,5 stars there,important downside is seams to fog up very quickly not cool,can't beat the quick change and smooth operation of raising and lowering,i do recommend buying,and will buy again.
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Richard Old's ImagesTitle: President
Organization: XID Services, Inc.
Country: United States
Web: http://www.xidservices.com/
Professional Societies:
Dr. Richard Old has been the weed identification specialist for Washington State University since 1976. He is the author of the 1,000 Weeds of North America on interactive CD and the 1,200 Weeds of the 48 States and Adjacent Canada on interactive DVD. The images on the Bugwood site were taken from these products. Dr. Old is a renowned national and international speaker on the subject of interactive plant identification and forensic botany. He is also the president and founder of XID Services, Inc. which creates interactive identification software for the identification of any group of objects or organisms. The XID software has been used for a number of interactive identification projects including the creation of the largest interactive identification database for plants ever created. This database created by Flora Id Northwest(www.Flora-ID-Northwest.com)consists of the entire native and naturalized flora of sixteen states and four Canadian provinces.
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Creativity Creative 20in10 Icon Challenge: Closed
fanfly posted on Jan 23, 2012 at 03:31PM
[Formerly known as the Fanpressions 20in20 Icon Challenge]
So...I tried to run this contest in the Fanpressions Spot but it's completely dead over there. :( makintosh suggested I move it here, so here it is!
This is a random version of the popular 20in20 Icon Challenges that we've all seen floating around Fanpop.
*Thanks to Heather for introducing me to 20in20s!*
- Each round you will have 10 days to make 20 icons.
*10 Themed icons: each icon with different theme. New round/10 new themes
*5 Category icons: One theme for 5 icons. New round/new theme
*5 Artist's choice icons: 5 Icons of your choice.
Your icons can be of anything as long as they match the themes and categories.
- NO STEALING. You have to make the icons yourself.
- Icons must be squared. 100x100, 200x200, and so on...
- No animated icons.
- NO CHEATING. Don't vote for yourself, don't ask others to vote for you. It's unfair to the other participants, immature, tacky and a sure-fire way to piss me off.
BE WARNED: I am strict about the no cheating/stealing rules. If I suspect that someone is cheating in any way I am paranoid enough, stalker enough and bitch enough that I will find out for sure and then ban them [and any other accounts they might make] from the contest. So please...just don't cheat.
Wall of Fame: list of winners!
Wall of Fame Part II
Wall of Fame Part III
Until further notice I will not be accepting new participants in this icontest.
Round 73: Vote!
1. Red & Grey Vote
2. Motion Blur Vote
3. Disguise Vote
4. Icon This! Vote
5. Transportation Vote
6. Circle Vote
7. Makeshift Weapon Vote
8. One Word Vote
9. Skin Vote
10. This icon was brought to you by the letter 'V' Vote
Category: Creative Background Vote
Artist's Choice: x5 Vote
Have a theme or category suggestion?
Post it here!
My other icontest:
Music 20in20
last edited on Jun 08, 2014 at 03:57PM
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Once you get the double login screen hit back on your browser until you get to he myiczer page or whatever game tab you were in.
Then hit logout and then hit login!
It's a lot faster than sending a request to get rid of the double login!
Just wonderful! @_@


text:
Talk:Kinkaku Force
Back to page
this wiki
The Kinkaku Force
Someone needs to expand this page on the skilled Kinkaku Force of Kumogakure and the 20 members who were apparently responsible for the death of Nidaime Hokage. Shounensuki translated it to it's entirety on NarutoFan --Bartallen2 (talk) 18:21, February 5, 2010 (UTC)
Can someone give me a link to where it states that this group's name is the Kinkaku Force? Otherwise it's going to be kind of hard to find it since there's no references.--Red-kun (talk) 00:33, January 30, 2011 (UTC)
- They are named in chapter 481, on page four, second frame. —ShounenSuki (talk | contribs | translations) 00:47, January 30, 2011 (UTC)
- That is weird, but I can assure you they are the ones who are wrong. (Well, not really wrong, but still...) The Second Hokage clearly says "Kumogakure... The skilled Kinkaku Force?" (雲隠れ…手練の金角部隊か, Kumogakure... Tedai no Kinkaku Butai ka). —ShounenSuki (talk | contribs | translations) 01:28, January 30, 2011 (UTC)
I know it's more than likely that Kinkaku and Ginkaku are members, but is there anything other than similar names suggesting those two are members? Omnibender - Talk - Contributions 14:57, January 27, 2011 (UTC)
- Not really i suppose. We can remove their names until we get confirmation in the upcoming chapters maybe--Cerez365 (talk) 15:01, January 27, 2011 (UTC)
- After asking ShounenSuki to translate the siblings' last conversation within chapter 526, he provided me with the following translation to what Ginkaku says:
- "How pathetic... To think we of all people would be used for the technique of the Second Hokage that [we] defeated" (「なさけねぇ…ぶっ倒した二代目火影の術にこのオレ達がかかってるなんてのはな…なあ金角」, "Nasakenē... Buttaoshita Nidaime Hokage no jutsu ni kono ore-tachi ga kakatteru nante no wa na... Naa Kinkaku").
- Although he admits that it is not 100% literally stated, there is no doubt in his mind that Ginkaku is saying he and his brother killed the Second Hokage and I'd have to agree from how the prior sentence is worded. This means that the brothers would have had to have been part of the Kinkaku Force during this period, as the entire squad is currently attributed with causing the Second Hokage's death. Blackstar1 (talk) 14:31, February 5, 2011 (UTC)
- After asking ShounenSuki to translate the siblings' last conversation within chapter 526, he provided me with the following translation to what Ginkaku says:
Regardless of the name of the group, I think the fact they say in the new chapter that the brothers tried to kill their kage along with the 2nd of the leaf, and he lived through that, that they obviously weren't in the group and didn't have any hand in killing the 2nd. This seems like a combination of a slightly off translation and someone jumping the gun on the connection and it has spread across several pages that clearly needs to be changed at this point. The brothers wouldn't have been part of the cloud, even if they were still alive at the time, when the 2nd died so the translation seems very much wrong in this instance. 18.104.22.168 (talk) 14:03, February 10, 2011 (UTC)miah
With Shounensuki's translation, is there still a reason for them not being added as members?--Cerez365™ 16:37, August 6, 2011 (UTC)
- It was said that they left the second on the brink of death at the summit between Leaf and Cloud, not that they killed him. The Second fought the Kinkaku force at a different location. Having Kinkaku in their name doesn't mean the Gold and Silver brothers were apart of the group.--Deva 27 16:53, August 6, 2011 (UTC)
- Ah you're right. For some reason I saw the word "defeat" but thought "kill".--Cerez365™ 17:34, August 6, 2011 (UTC)
When it says that you're leaving someone at the brink of death, I'm pretty sure they mean killed. The way I read it, when they were fighting him they wounded him so badly that they left him to die, and Konoha shinobi probably found him before he completely passed away. It wouldn't make sense otherwise. Why would Kishi make a squad called "Kinkaku Force" that killed the second, then say that Kinkaku and Ginkaku brought him to the brink of death, but didn't kill him? That would just be horrible storytelling. Sometimes you guys are way too serious about everything needing to be directly stated. Japanese is a vague language as it is. There are a lot of sentences that can mean completely different things depending on the context. I highly doubt the Japanese version of Narutopedia (If it exists) has these types of arguements.MangekyoSasuke (talk) 04:46, May 4, 2012 (UTC)
Shikamaru says on his way to fight them to Choji that they Killed The Second Hokage. I don't remember what page or chapter it was but it was when he and his team were on the way to help Darui I think.. so they were part of the Kinkaku Force ItachiWasAHero (talk) 00:21, June 29, 2013 (UTC)


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San Francisco, CA (Sports Network) - David Akers and Greg Zuerlein both missed
field goals in overtime and the San Francisco 49ers and the St. Louis Rams
played to a 24-24 tie.
It was the NFL's first tie since Nov. 16, 2008 when the Philadelphia Eagles
and Cincinnati Bengals finished their contest knotted at 13-13.
Akers, who sent the game into overtime with a 33-yard field goal with three
seconds remaining in regulation, sailed his kick wide left from 41 yards out
midway through the extra session.
Zuerlein initially nailed a 53-yard attempt on St. Louis' ensuing series, but
a delay of game penalty was called. The rookie kicker, who split the uprights
from 60 yards away earlier in the year, missed to the right from 58 yards out.
The Sports Network


text:
Tuesday, March 12, 2013
Lexington Chic
23 comments:
- Joni said...
So important to grab those moments. She is lovely!
- March 12, 2013 at 10:47 AM
- ODYSSEY said...
She is a lovely lady. Thank you for what you do on your blog, Ari. There is much inspiration to be found in your wonderful pictures!
- March 12, 2013 at 10:51 AM
- Gerry Weber UK said...
I absolutely love this look! It's a real statement.
- March 12, 2013 at 10:58 AM
- Sacramento Amate said...
She is fabulous, and I am so glad you went in search of her chicness.
- March 12, 2013 at 11:03 AM
- Sylwia "Vamppi" Błach said...
Incredible look. I love it!
- March 12, 2013 at 11:40 AM
- DollZandThingZ said...
Classic chic! She looks fabulous, So glad that you chose to speak to her...this is a wonderful look and she is very attractive woman at any age!
- March 12, 2013 at 12:21 PM
- Lisa T said...
This woman is uber stylish, love her outfit.
- March 12, 2013 at 12:50 PM
- art deco dame said...
She looks fantastic!Love the bit of leopard.
- March 12, 2013 at 3:03 PM
- Forest City Fashionista said...
She is very chic! I've had that internal debate before when I've spotted someone blog-worthy sitting in the window of a restaurant or coffee shop. In most cases I just go for it and usually they are flattered, just like this woman was.
- March 12, 2013 at 3:43 PM
- Rayna St. Pierre said...
Good job, Ari! Courage pays off!
- March 12, 2013 at 4:22 PM
- Rayna St. Pierre said...
Good job, Ari! Your courage paid off - she looks so cool!
- March 12, 2013 at 4:22 PM
- B. Leon said...
Beaucoup de charme
- March 12, 2013 at 4:29 PM
- B. Leon said...
Beaucup de charme !
- March 12, 2013 at 4:32 PM
- Carla Coulson said...
Sheila rocking the print beret love her style! How happy are you that you seized the moment xx Carla
- March 13, 2013 at 4:18 AM
- Deborah said...
A very classy lady. I'm glad you got to ask her. Way to go. She's lovely.
- March 13, 2013 at 3:02 PM
- Bijuterii Pupix said...
Simpatic blog, nu poti spune ca nu-s frumoase : pantofiori, gentute, pantalonasi, bluzite - adevarate bijuterii. Atat de multe lucruri frumoase si la super preturi. Mare pacat ca promovarea pe internet se realizeaza foarte greu.
Meritam mai mult!!!
Te pupix dulce.
- March 13, 2013 at 6:41 PM
- vestidos de novia cali said...
She's more beautiful that all the young :)
- March 13, 2013 at 6:44 PM
- Mrs.D said...
I'm so glad you did approach her what a great look and style she has
- March 14, 2013 at 4:57 PM
- Lucy said...
Wow, she is stunning--definitely the epitome of chic!
And what an excellent lesson on seizing opportunities. I admit I am terrible about "going for it" and consequently missing out, so this is a great reminder that great rewards (like beautiful meetings and photos) can be the result of listening to your gut and showing a little bravery. :)
- March 14, 2013 at 10:18 PM
- Duck said...
Wow she looks so badass chic! I wonder, do people ever react badly when you ask to photography them? Like I can imagine some people being annoyed about being interrupted over lunch...or finding it strange that a man has been watching them from outside for 30 minutes. I always wonder if people get offensive with street style bloggers approaching them?
- March 16, 2013 at 8:30 AM
- Palomasea said...
Wow...she is not only gorgeous, but full of grace...
- March 17, 2013 at 10:33 PM
- Alice in wonderland said...
Once again proves that we are often scared without reason! Just say what you think or feel the worst that can Happen is that they say no and leave! Also she totally reminds me of the Sophie kinsella character in the Book Charleston Girl ;)
- March 21, 2013 at 4:33 PM
- Rath Moungyai said...
Very cool lady!
- March 27, 2013 at 5:56 AM


text:
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Human Transfiguration
this wiki
- "If only we'd done human Transfiguration already! But I don't think we start that until sixth year, and it can go badly wrong if you don't know what you're doing ..."
- —Hermione Granger to Harry Potter on human Transfiguration[src]
Human Transfiguration is a sub-branch of Transfiguration in which one Transfigures human body parts or an entire human being into another form. As it is more difficult than other forms of Transfiguration, including Cross-Species Transfiguration, it is a N.E.W.T. level spell, taught only to sixth-years and above.
Human Transfiguration can be used to essentially replicate the natural abilities of Metamorphmagi, allowing the practitioner or the subject to take on an entirely different form or make various individual changes to their appearance, such as growing or changing the colour of one's hair[1] or taking on individual animal body parts. However, while human Transfiguration can presumably be performed by any wizard who's skilled enough, on themselves as well as on others, a Metamorphmagus is born with the ability to make such changes to their own bodies with little to no effort and without the use of a wand[2].
Although it is possible to transfigure humans into inanimate objects[3], it is unknown how someone who had himself transfigured into an object would be able to untransfigure without the intervention of another witch or wizard.
Known instances of human Transfiguration
Prior to 1991
- During the Quidditch World Cup of 1473, all 700 fouls were committed, including one of the players Transfiguring one of the Chasers on the opposite team into a polecat.
- During the 1600s, Thaddeus Thurkell had seven sons, all of whom were Squibs. Thurkell was so angry he Transfigured them all into hedgehogs.
- During the 1800s, it is possible that Mirabella Plunkett Transfigured herself into a haddock in order to live with her merman lover, although it may be possible that she was an Animagus.
- Circe, a witch who lived in ancient times, was famous for turning sailors into pigs.
- According to legend, after Quintius MacBoon, head of the MacBoon clan, killed the head of a the rival McClivert clan, Dugald McClivert, in a drunken duel, the MacBoons were attacked by the McCliverts and the entire family was Transfigured into Quintapeds.
- D.J. Prod stated that he was able to turn his wife into a yak after he took a Kwikspell course.
1991 to 1998
- In 1991, Rubeus Hagrid attempted to Transfigure Dudley Dursley into a pig, but only succeeded in giving him a pig's tail.
- In 1992, a Hogwarts student accidentally changed his classmate into a badger.
- In 1994, Fred and George Weasley invented the Canary Cream, a prank item which, when eaten, automatically Transfigures the eater into a large canary, which they used on Neville Longbottom.
- Gwenog Jones, captain of the Holyhead Harpies, was particularly skilled at Transfiguring anyone who disagreed with her into wood lice.
- In 1994, Barty Crouch Jr. Transfigured Draco Malfoy into a ferret, and in 1995, Transfigured his father into a bone.
- While competing in the second task of the Triwizard Tournament in 1995, Viktor Krum attempted to Transfigure himself fully or partially into a shark; ultimately, only his head was Transfigured, the shark's teeth were misplaced[3].
- According to Nymphadora Tonks, her Metamorphmagus abilities gave her an advantage in the Disguise and Concealment portion of Auror training, as Aurors have to Transfigure and Untransfigure themselves on a regular basis[1].
- In 1996, Horace Slughorn Transfigured himself into an over-stuffed armchair in order to avoid detection from Albus Dumbledore and Harry Potter.
- During a Transfiguration lesson in 1996, Ron Weasley accidentally Transfigured a moustache on his face. In the same lesson, Harry Potter Transfigured his eyebrow bright yellow.
- Hermione Granger used human Transfiguration to disguise Ron Weasley as "Dragomir Despard" before breaking in to the Lestrange Vault at Gringotts Wizarding Bank[4].
- During the Battle of Hogwarts in 1997, Percy Weasley shot a Transfiguration-based jinx at Pius Thicknesse, Transfiguring him into some sort of sea urchin.
Known practitioners
- Alastor Moody
- Alice Longbottom
- Bartemius Crouch Jr.
- Circe
- D.J. Prod
- Frank Longbottom
- Fred Weasley
- Gawain Robards
- George Weasley
- Gwenog Jones
- Harry Potter
- Hermione Granger
- Horace Slughorn
- John Dawlish
- Kingsley Shacklebolt
- The McCliver clan
- Mirabella Plunkett (possibly)
- Neville Longbottom [5]
- Percy Weasley
- Proudfoot
- Ron Weasley
- Rubeus Hagrid
- Rufus Scrimgeour
- Savage
- Thaddeus Thurkell
- Viktor Krum
- Williamson
- Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone
- Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone (film)
- Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone (video game) (Appears on a Famous Wizard Card)
- Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets (video game) (Appears on a Famous Wizard Card)
- Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban (video game) (Appears on a Famous Wizard Card)
- Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire
- Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire (film)
- Harry Potter and the Order of the Pheonix
- Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince
- Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince (film)
- Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows
- LEGO Harry Potter: Characters of the Magical World (Partial transfiguration)
- LEGO Harry Potter: Years 5-7
See also
Notes and references
|Professors: Albus Dumbledore · Minerva McGonagall
|Textbooks: A Beginner's Guide to Transfiguration · Intermediate Transfiguration · A Guide to Advanced Transfiguration
|Known practitioners: Emeric Switch · Circe · Falco Aesalon · Mirabella Plunkett · Thaddeus Thurkell ·
|Transfiguration spells studied at Hogwarts: Chair to cat · Match to needle · Snail to Teapot · Teacup to Rat · Switching Spell · Transforming Spell · Avifors Spell · Mice to Snuffboxes · Beetle Buttons · Rabbit Slippers · Vera Verto · Teapot to tortoise · Draconifors Spell · Lapifors Spell · Vanishing Spell · Owl to opera glasses · Guinea fowl to guinea pig · Hedgehog to pincushion · Small Child to Rat · Meddling Man to Monkey · Crinus Muto
|Branches of Transfiguration: Transformation · Vanishment · Conjuration · Untransfiguration


text:
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Thursday, February 13, 2014
8 comments
I know when my work out is good when there is sweat on my brow, I talked myself out of quitting 3 times already and the is a giggly feeling in my legs. My mood would be elevated and I feel on top of the world. This has only happened a few times... Read more
Wednesday, January 15, 2014
3 comments
My devotions today took me to
James 1:17 Every good action and every perfect gift is from God.
Ever feel like you have nothing? I know I sure have, do and will again? It is so easy to fall into doldrums of negative thinking. Especial... Read more
Saturday, January 11, 2014
4 comments
I am feeling wonderful today. I just had a wonderful workout with my daughter and my niece. Oh, I know it is not where I should be at, but I pushed myself more than I normally would. I tried interval walking before but usually stayed away fro... Read more
Thursday, January 09, 2014
4 comments
Today I was reading from "Grace for the Moment" By Max Lucado. It really hit home when I read the portion of scripture at the top of the page for today.
Hebrews 4:15 Our high priest is able to understand our weaknesses. He was tempted ... Read more
Saturday, January 04, 2014
5 comments
I am sitting here trying to focus on my ultimate goal. Is it a low body weight that I want to achieve? Is it healthy eating habits? Is it a healthy mind set? No matter what I think it could be, I find my answer being the same. My ultimate go... Read more
Friday, January 03, 2014
11 comments
I am here again. I am trying to convince myself that with each try I get better, more knowledgeable, more confident... I am not doing well with convincing myself. But I am trying to be positive. After all, if I am back here again then I haven... Read more
Tuesday, July 23, 2013
6 comments
Monday, July 22, 2013
4 comments
Well, Here I am again. I slipped back again. This time I will do it better, I know it! I got the flex fitbit. I have hope in the in your face reality it will give me. I need to gain back the motivation and hope in a better tomorrow. Thank ... Read more
Monday, June 24, 2013
16 comments
Hello, My Friends! I have missed you!
To fully explain where I am at this moment, I must first tell you where I have been during the last two months. So first, I will review the past:
1) There were many distressing moments during the... Read more
Saturday, April 27, 2013
8 comments
Hello All! I am back from my time in the hospital. The surgery went well. Minimal bleeding from bleeding disorder. Healing is slow. I can't lift over 10 pounds for 2 months. No strenuous exercise for 2 months. Walking must be slower than 3... Read more
Sunday, April 21, 2013
11 comments
So I had the 5K walk today. But I must say that it has to be one of the biggest let downs I have had since I Started my journey to better health. It was to be my first big goal. I had planned on it for weeks and weeks. But it all fell apart.... Read more
Saturday, April 20, 2013
8 comments
April 14-20 Goal summary
1) Mind over body #3 Tame your "Toxic Guilt" before it wipes out your willpower.
2) Daily Blog 5 out of 7 days
3) Co... Read more
Thursday, April 18, 2013
5 comments
Today I started a new Spark Coach program. I choose to go on to the "Plateau Busting" program. I know that I wasn't on a plateau, but I feel that this might help me get back into doing what I need to do consistently. I hope it does help me!... Read more
Wednesday, April 17, 2013
10 comments
I had a good walk outside today. I loved the sunshine and I walked over 2 miles. I am excited about my 5K walk on this Sunday! I am even more excited because there will be others out there with me! My niece and my husband and my sister! Who... Read more
Tuesday, April 16, 2013
7 comments
My recap of last week is a bit behind but here it is!
April 7-14
1) Mind Over Body 10 step resource.
Step 3) Don't Let Toxic Guilt Wipe Out Your Willpower
Learn how to exercise your healthy lifestyle conscience an... Read more


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Ruffle Flower Canopy
No longer available
Give her sleep space an ethereal feel with this airy tulle canopy in soft shades of pink and white.
18" diameter, 96" high
Canopy is sewn of pink tulle and edged with grosgrain ribbon.
Ruffled flower is sewn of cotton chambray.
Designed to fit a twin-sized bed.
Hang by ribbon; mounting hardware not included.


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With the recent (very understandable) anger with Activision and their CEO Bobby Kotick over the company's seemingly callous and arrogant stance lately toward gamers, and even other companies, gamers are in the process of figuring out how to make their statement.
The obvious choice would be the boycott that is beginning to make headway. But such things are only as reliable as the honor of the person who agrees. Someone who is angry now, might not be as angry a few months from now when his buddies are playing Modern Warfare 2 or Guitar Hero 5 and he isn't.
For those who are angry but plan to play Activision's games anyway, it seems that their plan of attack is piracy. Below are some things to keep in mind if your plans include going this route, to quote:
All over the message boards of the gaming community, in private conversations, and the like, apparently this is the intent of many.
Activision is a business, and a business as its bottom line is to make as much profit as possible.
Part of making as much profit as possible obviously includes not enraging your customers to stand against you. And obviously Activision is currently losing their way a bit in that department. But they are not commiting any crimes.
You on the other hand, through piracy, would be commiting a crime. As a statement to the gaming industry that Gamers will not stand for what we see as undue price hikes, we would steal?
Instead of exploring the reasons for why people should buy the Activision games in question, explore the reasons why people shouldn't. Find the alternatives that will take the sting out of not playing and make them well known.
In short, reward the companies that are doing right by gamers by using your influence through word of mouth (invaluable in gaming) to inform others about.
Leaving (at least until they get their act together) companies like Activision to dwell in their imaginary world where they can treat people however they want and not expect due response.
More PlayStation 3 News...


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Weddings Blog
Welcome to the Weddings Blog
To speak to a representative about holding your celebration at Skamania Lodge, contact Talia Sanderson via Email: firstname.lastname@example.com, phone: 509-427-2515, or fill out our Event Planning Form.
Portland Picks
I know you were probably expecting a long blog about the Royal Wedding that occurred this morning, but I couldn't bring myself to bring you more coverage of this extravaganza. Besides, it's being called the wedding of the year and we all know that YOUR wedding is the wedding of the year.
So, in other news, if you aren't familiar with Portland Picks, then it's time to get introduced. The gals that run this hilarious weekly email blast about fashing, local happenings and their trials for the week are precious. They make you giggle and get you ready for your weekend to come. This week, Skamania Lodge is showcased. See our moment in the lime light:


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Three years ago when a new elementary school was built within sight of their subdivisions, the residents of Shelburn Oaks and Arbor Ridge couldn't have been more excited. Resident Joe Zaubi said his oldest son and other students had been crammed into the overcrowded Camden Station Elementary and in some cases, bussed to a gymnasium at the Oldham County Arts Center, so the prospect of a shiny new Kenwood Station Elementary School seemed great. When Kenwood Station principal Phillip Moore visited the subdivisions to fundraise, families gladly gave "time, talent and treasure,&rdqu
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Development and introduction of a combined dispatching policy at a high mix low volume ASIC facility
The fabrication of semiconductor devices, even in the area of customer oriented business, is one of the most complex production tasks in the world. A typical wafer production process consists of several hundred steps with numerous resources like equipments and operating staff. The optimal assignment of each resource at each time for a certain number of wafers is vital for a efficient production process. Several demands defined by the customers and facility management must be taken into consideration with the objective to find the best tradeoff between the different needs.
State of the art polymer strippers were identified and successfully evaluated as interesting alternatives as CMOS-compatible wet activations for semiconductor wafer direct bonding processes, including both high and low temperature annealing for bond interface strengthening. The polymer strippers achieve both excellent surface cleaning and wafer bonding activation by hydrophilization and are therefore a very interesting alternative as semiconductor direct wafer bonding pre-treatment.
Hermetic sealing is important regarding functionality and reliability for MEMS components. Typically this sealing is done on the wafer level using wafer bonding which simultaneously also provides mechanical protective caps. However, inner pressure and hermeticity testing and monitoring a still a critical issue; therefore, in this paper a test structure adapted to a MEMS foundry process for inertial sensors is introduced.
Gate oxide early breakdown was investigated. It was verified that the gate oxide quality is good and failure was due to extrinsic causes. The failure, which was localized at the edge of LOCOS was similar to Kooi effect. However, investigations showed that it was due to nitridation occured during high temperature nitrogen anneal. Investigation methods to find the root cause of failure were explained. Alternative methods to solve the failure were explored; including thickening the sacrificial oxide layer and changing the nitrogen anneal process sequence. Final solution was chosen based on PCM stress test, QBD and TDDB result with minimal process change.
In a typical ASIC semiconductor facility, there are hundreds of products processed on dozens of different equipments with unequal characteristics. Sequence depended equipment setups, failures, preventive maintenance and product specific re-entrant flows cause a high variability in factory performance measures. Also different customer demands, which are natural in the foundry business, should be taken into account (e.g. delivery dates or throughput). To reduce the variability and to improve the factory performance a robust and efficient dispatching and scheduling strategy is vital.
Inline defect control systems are used across the semiconductor industry for detection of process failures like equipment issues or yield problems. Besides to the goal to improve the yield of each process, it may have a negative influence on factory performance as well. The measurement of all lots in all defect control monitors of a process is not feasible, even when there are bottleneck situations.
Based on specific technology flows, various surface layers are bonded by glass frit wafer bonding. In this paper, the behaviour of typical layers, such as TEOS, Nitride and thermal oxide, and their effect on the bonding results are introduced.
Looking for new improvement options such as new dispatching rules of an existing semiconductor fabrication facility, a detailed model is indispensable to check the data quality as well as detecting main influences of the facility and finally testing the new optimization approaches. In this paper, the whole way is described starting from the data acquisition and finishing with a appropriate model. In this study the modeling tool AnyLogic 6 is used. The model generation process show how important a reliable factory database is and shows first appendages of automated model generation. An other important fact presented is the verification of the model according to real factory performance indicators.
The purpose of this paper is to study the order management flow currently implemented in supply chain of a semiconductor industry. There are various activities involved in a supply chain ranging from providing raw materials to the production of products, and also to ensure the delivery of the end products to customers. The main focus of a supply chain is to ensure that customers' orders are well-managed from the first day when the order is placed until the last day when the end products are ready to be delivered to customers. In other words, order fulfillment process (OFP) has to be practiced every time when customers place order.
For the Synchronous DC-DC converter switching performance of low-voltage power MOSFETs, the gate-drain charge density (Qgd) is an important parameter. The so-called figure-of-merit, which is defined as the product of the specific on-resistance (Ron.sp) and Qgd is commonly used to quantify the switching performance for a specified off-state breakdown voltage (BVds).


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Unlike Caesar, we know to "Beware the Ides of March." Equally good advice is to put on our Adult's Plus Size Julius Caesar Costume this Halloween. This ensemble is comprised of a floor length white toga with a blood red shoulder drape. Both pieces are accented with trims of decorative gold. More gold can be found on the large belt and laurel headdress we've also included in this dress up kit. Julius Caesar was known for being a powerful Roman dictator who revolutionized laws and lead a great military. He was famously assassinated by his close friend, Brutus. Don this Julius Caesar Costume for adults to teach your children about ancient Rome or just to feel truly powerful on Halloween. Ask your wife or girlfriend to dress up in one of our toga dresses for a great couple's look.
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Our Price: $9.97
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Livex Lighting 4151-91
Brushed Nickel Coronado 1 Light Wall Sconce
Item # BCI1033883 | Model # 4151-91 | Williamsburg Collection
Questions about Livex Lighting 4151-91?
Contact us for advice or more details. Our product specialists are here to help.
Livex Lighting 4151 Williamsburg One Light Wall Sconce
Showcasing a historic Colonial design, the Williamsburg single light wall sconce features a graceful oval backplate with decorative knobs, a simple swan neck, and a traditional candle style light with drip guard. This light will add a classic elegance to any room.
Livex Lighting 4151 Specifications:
- Bulb Base: Candelabra
- Bulb Type: Incandescent
- Bulb Included: No
- Number of Bulbs: 1
- Watts Per Bulb: 60
- Wattage: 60
- Height: 7"
- Width: 4.25"
- Backplate Width: 4"
- Backplate Height: 6"
Livex Lighting currently offers over 2,500 products ranging from lighting fixtures for indoor and outdoor applications to lampshades, chandelier shades, ceiling medallions and accent furniture. The goal of Livex Lighting is to provide the highest quality product at the most affordable price. Livex Lighting is constantly responding to the ever-changing needs, styles and fashions of the lighting industry while at the same time always maintaining the highest standards of quality.
Additional Livex Lighting Links
- View the Manufacturer Warranty
- Browse All Livex Lighting Products
- Livex Lighting Williamsburg Collection
This Livex Lighting item can also be referenced by the following color/finish specific model #:
- Livex Lighting 4151-01
Antique Brass
- Livex Lighting 4151-04
- Livex Lighting 4151-07
- Livex Lighting 4151-91
Brushed Nickel
- Livex Lighting 4151-58*
Imperial Bronze
- Livex Lighting 4151-02
Polished Brass
- Livex Lighting 4151-35*
Polished Nickel
- Livex Lighting 4151-03
*Discontinued model or finish
More Than Just a Store - Your Reasons to Shop
Discover the best online deals for the Livex Lighting 4151 and everything else for your home from the leading online home improvement store.
We're committed to providing you with the best assortment of Livex Lighting products with over 400 warehouses across the country.
Our knowledgeable product specialists work to bring you the best prices on every product and provide unmatched customer service. Your satisfaction is our highest priority!
Manufacturer Resources
Product Videos
Do It Yourself: Installing an Indoor Wall SconceFollow Kyleen Bromley of Build.com as she shows you the step-by-step process of replacing and installing an indoor wall sconce.


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Alternatives for significant uses of formaldehyde in Massachusetts
In July 2005, the Commonwealth of Massachusetts requested that the Toxics Use Reduction Institute perform an alternatives assessment for five chemicals. For each chemical, the Institute was charged with identifying significant uses in manufacturing, consumer products, and other applications; reviewing health and environmental effects; and evaluating possible alternatives. The results of this study will serve as a guide for those seeking safer substitutes to the five chemicals discussed here.
Presented here is an executive summary of the findings of for high priority uses of formaldehyde in Massachusetts. The full report, the Five Chemicals Alternatives Assessment Study available from the link below, presents extensive factual information on each alternative
Formaldehyde is a naturally occurring chemical found in small quantities in the human body. Products that are made from or contain formaldehyde include many resins, permanent press fabric treatments, lawn fertilizers, cosmetics and disinfectants. Wood adhesives used to make plywood, particleboard and other manufactured wood products are the dominant end use for this chemical. The plastics industry also uses formaldehyde-based resins extensively. Formaldehyde is also used as a sterilant and tissue preservative. It is used to preserve animal specimens used in secondary school and college biology classes. It is also used to preserve human and animal tissue in medical and scientific laboratory settings. Embalmers use formaldehyde to preserve human remains for burial.
Formaldehyde exposure through consumer products or industrial activity is very hazardous to human health. Formaldehyde is highly irritating, acts as a potent sensitizer, and is known to cause cancer in humans. In 2004 the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) moved formaldehyde from Group 2A (probable human carcinogen) to Group 1 (known human carcinogen). Ingestion of formaldehyde or exposure to very high air concentrations can cause death.
The Institute assessed alternatives to formaldehyde in three categories of use: sanitary storage in barbering and cosmetology, preserved educational specimens for dissection, and building panels.
Sanitary storage in barbering and cosmetology
The Massachusetts Board of Cosmetology requires cosmetology salons to use dry sanitizer made from para-formaldehyde (a polymerized solid form of formaldehyde) in drawers where instruments are stored. The perforated plastic containers containing para-formaldehyde emit formaldehyde as it de-polymerizes into formaldehyde gas, filling the cabinets and drawers where hair brushes are kept, and subsequently entering the salon and classroom [[indoor air|air as drawers are opened. Use of this dry sanitizer has placed a consistent source of formaldehyde in salons and cosmetology training schools, including vocational high schools. The Institute identified and evaluated two possible alternatives to the use of dry sanitizer in drawers. The first option is a process change: storage of implements in a disinfected, dry, covered container or drawer without the use of any additional sterilant. The second option is to use ultraviolet (UV) light cabinets for sanitary storage.
The Massachusetts Board of Cosmetology is the only such board in the U.S. that requires use of dry sterilants. In contrast, the National-Interstate Council of State Boards of Cosmetology (NIC) does not recommend use of formaldehyde-based dry sterilants due to their carcinogenic potential. In place of dry sterilants, the NIC recommends an alternative procedure of proper cleaning, wet disinfection, drying and storage. The disinfection and storage practices recommended by the NIC are reiterated in the rules of many other Boards of Cosmetology and in the field's primary textbook and practice guidance.
Process change
One practical alternative to use of dry sterilant is simply to store implements in a disinfected, dry, covered container that is isolated from contaminants. This option would produce cost savings, because it would eliminate the need for cosmetology salons to purchase dry sterilant.
Simple elimination of dry sterilant, without any other change in procedures, is superior to use of dry sterilant from the human health, environmental, and cost perspectives. It is equivalent from a technical perspective.
UV light cabinets
Another option is for cosmetology salons to use UV light cabinets. A disadvantage of this technology is that although UV germicidal light is effective at killing pathogens, it must strike all surfaces and this is difficult to achieve on a brush. The cabinets may also become reservoirs of pathogens if they are not regularly cleaned and disinfected.
Use of UV storage cabinets is superior to use of dry sterilant from a human health and environmental perspective, although there is the potential for UV light exposure if the cabinets are misused. This system has a higher cost than dry sterilant.
Preserved educational specimens for dissection
Secondary school and college students in anatomy classes dissect preserved specimens, including fetal pigs, frogs, cats, sharks and other species. Traditionally, educational specimens have been preserved with a formalin solution (a 37% solution of formaldehyde in water). Formaldehyde kills the bacteria that would otherwise decay the tissue. It also polymerizes the tissue, helping to maintain its texture, structure and color. This application does not account for a large percentage of formaldehyde use, but it poses particular public exposure concerns. Students, laboratory instructors and technicians are exposed to formaldehyde through their repeated contact with these specimens.
The Institute evaluated two categories of alternatives: use of specimens that are formaldehyde-free, and the technological alternative of video and virtual dissection.
Specimens in alternative solution
Using specimens of grass frogs as a typical application, an outside expert evaluated the technical performance of three alternative preservatives: Formalternate by Flinn Scientific, Wardsafe by Ward Scientific, and Streck Tissue Fixative (S.T.F.) Preservative by Nebraska Scientific. Formalternate is a combination of propylene glycol, ethylene glycol phenyl ether and phenol. Wardsafe is primarily glutaraldehyde. S.T.F. is a mixture of diazolidinyl urea, 2-bromo-2-nitropropane-1, 3-diol (Bronopol), zinc sulfate, and sodium citrate. Different species may be preserved in different solutions by the same company. All these alternative products are readily available from well-established companies.
- Health. All three alternatives are superior to formaldehyde-containing specimens from the perspective of carcinogenicity, sensitizing potential, and capacity to cause irritation. Some ingredients of the alternatives can cause skin, eye and respiratory irritation, and some can act as sensitizers, but they are less hazardous than formaldehyde on all these measures. Evaluating the health effects of Formalternate and S.T.F. is complicated by the fact that they are chemical mixtures. Glutaraldehyde, used in Wardsafe, has high acute toxicity, but is present at low concentrations in the specimen.
- Environment. Some of the chemicals used in the alternative fixatives are more toxic to fish and other species than is formaldehyde. In general, the low volatility and small amounts of preservative in the alternative specimens suggests that exposure for humans and the environment are likely to be very low. Life cycle considerations for the alternatives include the use and disposal of some ingredients, such as phenol and zinc sulfate, which are potential environmental pollutants.
- Technical criteria. All of alternatives match or exceed the important technical and performance criteria for educational specimens: color, texture, and stiffness of the specimen tissue. The color of the alternative specimens was as good as or better than the formalin-preserved specimen. The specimens varied in texture but all had acceptable characteristics.
- Cost. The prices of alternative specimens are similar to each other and generally less expensive than the formalin-fixed specimen.
Process change: Video dissection
Another alternative is to use video/virtual dissection instead of physical dissection of a preserved specimen.
- Health and Environment. Video/virtual dissection does not pose any of the health or environmental hazards for students or instructors associated with dissection of preserved specimens.
- Technical criteria. Video/virtual dissection offers different pedagogic opportunities from those afforded by physical dissection. Some instructors believe that video dissection is not an adequate substitute for dissection of preserved specimens, although it may be a useful supplement. However, the educational utility of video and/or virtual dissection may vary with the class or instructor. A complete assessment of the educational benefits of each option was beyond the scope of this study.
- Cost. The cost of video/virtual dissection programs is variable. Low- or no-cost materials are available, as are more expensive programs. In contrast to preserved specimens, these represent a one-time cost.
Hardwood plywood and structural use building panels
Adhesives used to make plywood, particleboard and other manufactured wood products account for the majority of formaldehyde consumed world wide each year. The components of wood panels vary depending on their intended use. Plywood and other products that are "exterior-grade" or need to withstand wet conditions are usually made with phenol-formaldehyde resin. Particleboard and medium-density fiberboard, often used for making furniture and cabinetry, are made with less expensive urea-formaldehyde resins, which have higher levels of formaldehyde emissions. Melamine-formaldehyde resins and polyacetal resins are also used in wood products and laminates and in molded plastic parts.
The Institute examined three alternatives that are currently available: Columbia Forest Products soy-based resin hardwood plywood panels, Homasote's recycled paper panel boards, and Viroc's wood fiber Portland cement panels. The Institute also assessed one emerging alternative that is not yet on the market, JER EnviroTech's plastic-wood fiber panel.
Hardwood plywood
The Columbia Forest Products soy-based resin hardwood plywood panel (Purebond) is a hardwood veneer core plywood panel. It can be used to make cabinets, built-in furniture, paneling, shelving, doors and other uses requiring a high end wood product.
- Human health. Purebond is superior to formaldehyde-resin plywood from the perspective of carcinogenicity and irritation/sensitizing properties. It eliminates potential formaldehyde exposures for users. However, its production involves use of epichlorohydrin as an intermediate. Epichlorohydrin is classified as a probable human carcinogen and poses other hazards to human health and the environment. This chemical could be a hazard to workers and the environment during production.
- Environment. The formaldehyde-based resin in conventional plywood has minor ecotoxicity. Purebond is similar to formaldehyde-resin plywood for this parameter.
- Technical Criteria. Technical characteristics of interest for this application include appearance/construction, strength of the glue bond when moist, fire resistance, warp resistance, and product availability. Purebond is similar to formaldehyde-containing plywood for the parameters of appearance/construction, fire resistance, and product availability. It has a glue bond superior to that of urea-formaldehyde plywood under conditions of moisture. Its warp resistance has not been assessed fully.
- Cost. Purebond is currently available at a similar cost to formaldehyde-resin plywood.
Structural use panels
The Institute assessed two alternatives that could be used in place of softwood plywood for structural use panels: Homasote's recycled paper panel boards, and Viroc's wood fiber Portland cement panels. Homasote's recycled paper panels and Viroc's wood fiber Portland cement panels may be used in place of softwood plywood and oriented strand board (OSB) in exterior sheathing, roof decking and floor decking. Viroc is used extensively in Europe.
- Health. Viroc and Homasote do not present a hazard to building occupants, but there are some occupational exposure concerns, such as exposure to wood and cement dust during cutting. Both products are superior to formaldehyde-resin plywood from the perspective of carcinogenicity of the binder. The Homasote panels are superior from the perspective of irritant in binder, while the Viroc panels are similar to formaldehyde-resin plywood on this metric.
- Environment. Both products are superior to formaldehyde-resin plywood from the perspective of ecotoxicity and natural resource conservation. The Viroc product is inferior from an energy intensity life cycle perspective.
- Technical criteria. Technical and performance criteria of interest for these uses include strength, weight, response to moisture, storage, handling, fastening, finishing, fire resistance, thermal resistance, and mold, rot and insect resistance. Both alternatives present some advantages and some disadvantages on these metrics. For example, Homasote is superior to formaldehyde-resin panels on several measures including resistance to insects, rot, and mold, and is inferior on certain other measures, such as impact resistance and tensile strength. Viroc is superior on measures including resistance to insects, rot, and mold, fire resistance, and impact resistance, and inferior on parameters such as tensile strength. Both Viroc and Homosote panels must be thicker and heavier than formaldehyde-resin panels to withstand an equivalent load over the same span.
Additional Information
- For a full report on this and other chemicals see the TURI Five Chemical Alternatives Assessment Study
Further reading
- Chemical Economics Handbook, SRI Consulting (SRIC)
- Massachusetts Department of Environmental Protection, Toxics Use Reduction
- Toxics Use Reduction Institute homepage
Editor's Notes
- The Encyclopedia of Earth article "Public Health Statement for Formaldehyde" supplements this entry.
- The Encyclopedia of Earth article "Formaldehyde and travel trailers" supplements this entry.