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Vulcan history
this wiki
The history of the Vulcans has been a long journey from the ancient civil wars that nearly destroyed Vulcan, to their embracing of logic through the teachings of Surak.
According to Vulcan mythology, all creation arose from a "Garden of Eden"-like place known as Sha Ka Ree. (Star Trek V: The Final Frontier)
Evidence was discovered in 2369 that suggests many of the galaxy's humanoid races were descended from a single humanoid race, the originators of the form, who had seeded many worlds with a DNA code to guide evolution to a humanoid form. Related species, such as the offshoot Romulans, displayed evidence of these DNA sequences which may imply the Vulcans were descended from them as well. (TNG: "The Chase")
Another possibility came to light in 2268 with the discovery of Sargon and his people. When Sargon explained that his people colonized many worlds in the galaxy half a million years ago, Spock theorized that Vulcan might have been such a colony world. According to Spock, "That would tend to explain certain elements of Vulcan prehistory." (TOS: "Return to Tomorrow")
Ancient history
As far as its memory goes, the Vulcan civilization has never been conquered, and although it goes back farther than that of Humans, there are still many gaps in Vulcan prehistory. The Obelisks of ancient Vulcan were lost for many years but were an important archaeological discovery when they were finally excavated. (TOS: "The Immunity Syndrome", "Return to Tomorrow"; VOY: "One Small Step")
Around 2,700 BC, Vulcans were barbaric, war-like and "nearly killing themselves off with their own passions". According to Spock, "Vulcan, like Earth, had its aggressive, colonizing period; savage, even by Earth standards." (TOS: "Balance of Terror", "All Our Yesterdays")
Although, some Vulcans began to mentally train themselves to suppress their emotions by the middle of the 3rd millennium BC, they continued following a pagan religion with rompish celebrations and many deities, including gods of war, death and peace. Although many religious holidays of this time like Rumarie ceased to be observed over the following centuries, some rituals were preserved, e.g., the Vulcan wedding ceremony, which remained unchanged from the "time of the beginning." (ENT: "Home"; TOS: "Amok Time"; TNG: "Gambit, Part II"; VOY: "Meld", "Random Thoughts")
By the 9th century BC, Vulcans were capable of space travel and Master Haadok and others had founded the P'Jem monastery on another planet. (ENT: "The Andorian Incident")
Time of Awakening
- For main article, see Time of Awakening.
By the 4th century, Vulcan was tearing itself apart. Their rampant emotions, combined with a hostile warrior culture, led to many wars using terrible weapons like atomic bombs and the Stone of Gol. But out of this emerged a philosopher named Surak, who proposed leading a life governed by logic rather than emotion. His teachings quickly spread and were recorded in the Kir'Shara, finally showing Vulcan a path towards peace.
Although his katra was saved, Surak himself later died of radiation sickness on Mount Seleya, which eventually became one of the most revered sites on Vulcan. (TOS: "The Savage Curtain", TNG: "Gambit, Part II", ENT: "The Forge", "Awakening", "Kir'Shara")
However, one group still opposed allowing logic to govern their lives. "Those who marched beneath the Raptor's wings," as Surak called them, fought a final war with the rest of Vulcan and were eventually forced to leave the planet, becoming the ancestors of the Debrune and the Romulans. (TOS: "Balance of Terror", TNG: "Gambit, Part II", ENT: "Awakening", "Kir'Shara")
Return to space
By the 19th century, Vulcan had rebuilt its civilization and returned to interstellar travel. (ENT: "The Forge")
20th and 21st centuries
According to Quark, the Vulcan invention of warp drive occurred some time after 1947. (DS9: "Little Green Men") By 1957, Vulcans had several warp-capable starship classes in use, such as the Template:ShipType starship and the survey ship. (ENT: "Carbon Creek") After the invention of warp drive, it took Vulcans a hundred years to design an engine capable of breaking the warp 2 barrier. (ENT: "First Flight")
By the early 20th century, Vulcan had made contact with the Tellarites. Vulcans considered Tellarites argumentative, but "generally reliable" and they were known to pass on Vulcan distress calls to the Vulcan High Command. (ENT: "Carbon Creek", "Dead Stop")
Contact with the Andorians also came during the early 20th century. According to the Vulcans, their first contact "seemed promising," "despite their heightened emotions." However, it was soon discovered that "they were duplicitous," wishing to only honor "agreements that didn't conflict with their interests." Soon, a border dispute – dating back to the 1950s and lasting two hundred years – began between the two powers, due to their neighboring home systems and the Vulcans' suspicion towards the territorial and militaristic nature of the Andorians. The Andorians felt that the only thing that kept Vulcan from invading Andoria was "the threat of massive retaliation." (ENT: "Proving Ground")
By the mid-20th century, Vulcans were observing Earth and the Human civilization that inhabited it, but never made contact because they were deemed too primitive. (ENT: "Carbon Creek", Star Trek: First Contact) The Vulcans were startled, however, by the launch of the first Human-made artificial satellite into orbit – "Sputnik," in 1957. Surprised that Humans were advancing towards spaceflight so quickly, Vulcan survey ships began making routine flybys through the Sol system, to keep an eye on how Humans were developing. These Vulcan watchers limited their observations to remote studies from high orbit. (ENT: "Carbon Creek") This also meant not intervening during Earth's World War III (even though the Vulcans were aware it was happening), because they felt it was a local problem they shouldn't get entangled in. (ENT: "Terra Prime")
In the 2050s, the Vulcans made first contact with the newly warp-capable Arkonians. Their relationship quickly soured, and a century later, Arkonians still harbored deep anger if even a single Vulcan was aboard an approaching starship. (ENT: "Dawn")
In 2063, the Vulcans were the first to make formal contact with the Human race, when a routine scouting mission noticed Zeframe Cochrane's first Human warp-speed flight. The survey ship followed Cochrane's vessel back to his base in Bozeman, Montana, to meet the man who had achieved Earth's first faster-than-light travel, and subsequently established formal diplomatic relations with Earth. An alliance that lasted for centuries was formed between the two worlds, though the Vulcans initially refused to share advanced warp technology with the Humans. (Star Trek: First Contact) During those years, Vulcans were sometimes seen with distrust, anger or even violence by Humans. (ENT: "Horizon", "Cogenitor") Almost a century after first contact, Earth was able to launch its first warp 5 starship, the Enterprise NX-01. (ENT: "Broken Bow")
In the mid-21st century, the Andorians terraformed a class D planetoid which they named Weytahn, lying at a strategic position on the frontier between the Andorian and the Vulcan systems. Though the Andorians refused to allow the Vulcan High Command to inspect the colony in order to search for possible threats in the form of military installations, the Vulcans forcibly evacuated the planetoid. In 2097, a treaty was signed, in which the Vulcans officially claimed Weytahn, which they named Paan Mokar, and a surveillance satellite was placed in orbit of the planetoid, in order to enforce the accord. (ENT: "Cease Fire")
22nd century
By the mid-22nd century, Vulcan was a regional power in the Alpha Quadrant. The Vulcan High Command did have rocky relationships with several species and were still often engaged in conflicts with the neighboring Andorians, occasionally teetering on the brink of war. Often, NX-01 was needed to help resolve disputes. Nevertheless, among the tensest relationships remained those with the Arkonians, who even developed a substantial hatred towards Vulcans. (ENT: "Dawn")
Vulcan had a better relationship with allies such as the Mazar, Coridan, and the United Earth government. When the Mazarites considered their government entrenched in corruption, they asked the Vulcans for help. The Vulcans then assigned V'Lar as their Ambassador to Mazar, who collected evidence against the corrupt officials. (ENT: "Fallen Hero") Certain Coridanite factions considered the government on their world corrupt, and only kept in place by Vulcan influence. (ENT: "Shadows of P'Jem") And though many Humans believed the Vulcans were holding them back from their true potential as explorers, Vulcan considered Earth one if its most important allies "for over a hundred years." (ENT: "Awakening")
As for their old Andorian adversaries, however, the Vulcan High Command maintained a highly sophisticated surveillance station beneath the monastery of P'Jem, close to Andoria in order to guarantee the safe "observation" of their "aggressive" neighbor. Using the disguise of an ancient Vulcan monastery, the facility was able to spy on the Andorian population while staying unnoticed. In 2151, Shran, a commander in the Andorian Imperial Guard, unveiled the secret of P'Jem with the help of the crew of the Earth starship Enterprise NX-01, thereby starting Human-Andorian relations and dealing a crippling blow to Vulcan prestige. After the Andorians destroyed the monastery later that year, however, the High Command began blaming Starfleet and Subcommander T'Pol, who was serving aboard Enterprise, for the loss of P'Jem, which later resulted not only in T'Pol's mother being expelled from the Vulcan Science Academy but also in an impairment of the Human-Vulcan relations. (ENT: "The Andorian Incident", "Shadows of P'Jem", "Home")
Another hot spot in the cold war between Vulcan and Andoria was Coridan, a class M planet rich in dilithium ore. In the 2150s, Coridan suffered from a civil war, in which rebels, backed by the Andorian Imperial Guard, tried to overthrow the chancellor and her corrupt government, who was in turn supported by the Vulcan High Command, since Vulcan tried to maintain its trade partnership with Coridan, a lucrative source for dilithium. (ENT: "Shadows of P'Jem")
In 2152, a new open conflict arose on Weytahn, which was reclaimed by the Andorian Empire after being deserted for nearly sixty years. With the conflict about to escalate, Shran, who was leading the Andorian invasion forces on the planetoid, requested Captain Jonathan Archer of the Enterprise as a trustworthy mediator in order to negotiate a cease fire, which was finally accomplished and both sides resumed their negotiations. (ENT: "Cease Fire")
Vulcan reformation
Subsequent to the crises of P'Jem and Paan Mokar, the High Command gained more control over civilian affairs. Under the leadership of Administrator V'Las, the High Command persecuted the Syrrannite sect, which claimed that Vulcan no longer followed the true teachings of Surak. Over the centuries following the death of Surak, his teachings had been subject to numerous interpretations and possible revisions. As a result, much of the original intent had been lost. In 2154, V'Las falsely claimed to have proof that the Andorians were developing a superweapon based on Xindi technology, and planned to invade Andoria in order to preempt this threat. For this purpose, the High Command secretly massed an attack fleet in the Regulan system, which was located inside Vulcan territory, near their border with the Andorians but outside of Andorian listening posts' range.
As these plans were developing, agents loyal to V'Las bombed Earth's embassy and framed the Syrrannite T'Pau for the act. Jonathan Archer, investigating the Syrrannites, was briefly joined with the katra of Surak, and re-discovered the Kir'Shara, an artifact containing the original writings of Surak.
Ambassador Soval and Commander Tucker warned the Andorians of the planned invasion, were Ambassador Soval was terribly tourtured when the Andorians didn't believe them, and the Vulcan attack fleet lost the element of surprise (see Battle of Andoria). As the battle got underway, Archer and T'Pau brought the Kir'Shara into the High Command's headquarters, justifying the Syrranites' position and enabling Minister Kuvak to challenge V'Las' increasingly illogical behavior.
In short order, the attack on Andoria was canceled, V'Las deposed, and the High Command disbanded. Kuvak and T'Pau formed a new transitional government, which promised to pursue peaceful policies and end its restrictions on Earth's technological development and expansion. T'Pau said it would take years to translate all of the writing, but the discovery of the Kir'Shara transformed Vulcan society, initiating a widespread return to the true teachings of Surak. (ENT: "The Forge", "Awakening", "Kir'Shara")
By 2154, capital punishment was still existing on Vulcan for a small number of offenses, including treason. (ENT: "Kir'Shara")
The Coalition of Planets and the Federation
- See also: Federation history
By November 2154, when Earth Starfleet agreed to assist Andorian and Tellarite diplomats to resolve a long-standing trade dispute between them, the Romulan Star Empire had become aware of the threat posed by a closer partnership between Vulcan, Earth, and their neighbors. The Star Empire's attempts to destabilize the region led to the Babel Crisis, during which a secret mission by the Romulans involved the use of two Romulan drone-ships. The Romulan ships were able to camouflage themselves as various other vessels and managed to spread distrust and hostility among local powers around Vulcan. The Romulans nearly succeeded with their plans but Captain Archer of the Enterprise was able to settle the dispute and allied the Vulcans, Andorians, Humans, and Tellarites to find and destroy the drone-ships, thereby altering the result of this Romulan mission to the exact opposite of what it was intended to achieve. (ENT: "Babel One", "United", "The Aenar")
With the averted escalation of the Babel Crisis, Vulcan, Earth and other worlds realized the value of their joint work and were growing close to founding a Coalition of Planets in 2155. (ENT: "Demons", "Terra Prime") The new coalition became welded together in 2156, when the conflict with the Romulan Star Empire escalated into the Earth-Romulan War. A humiliating defeat of the Romulans by an alliance of Vulcan, Earth, Andorian and Tellarite forces at the Battle of Cheron in 2160 effectively ended the war and led to the establishment of the Romulan Neutral Zone between the two power blocs. (ENT: "In a Mirror, Darkly, Part II"; TOS: "Balance of Terror")
In 2161, one year after the Earth-Romulan War was decided, the old war allies, with the consent of the Vulcan Council, founded the United Federation of Planets in San Francisco, on Earth. (ENT: "Zero Hour", "These Are the Voyages..."; TNG: "The Outcast")
23rd century
By the 23rd century, Vulcans were active members of the Federation. Personifying this was Ambassador Sarek, whose quick and logical responses during debates (such as with Tellarite Ambassador Gav) brought him recognition. He was even asked to come out of retirement to represent Vulcan at the Babel Conference in 2268. Over the following decades, he served as a personal adviser to the Federation President and was involved in the Khitomer Accords. (TOS: "Journey to Babel"; Star Trek IV: The Voyage Home; Star Trek VI: The Undiscovered Country; TNG: "Sarek")
In the alternate reality created by Nero's temporal incursion, the planet Vulcan was destroyed in 2258, rendering the Vulcan race an "endangered species." (Star Trek)
On a less than positive light, the Klingon ambassador called Vulcans the "intellectual puppets of the Federation," while arguing before the Federation Council in 2286. Seven years later, the daughter of the Klingon Chancellor, Azetbur, underlined this posture by calling the Federation a "Homo Sapiens-only club." (Star Trek IV: The Voyage Home; Star Trek VI: The Undiscovered Country)
24th century
By the 24th century, Vulcan remained one of the principal Federation members, and was deeply involved in all levels of that society. By 2369, the Vulcans had a saying, known to the Federation: "We're here to serve." (DS9: "Captive Pursuit") A good example of this attitude is the Treaty of Alliance, which finally established a firm friendship between the Federation and the Klingon Empire, and whose drafting and negotiation during the first half of the century is mainly attributed to Sarek of Vulcan and his son, Spock. (TNG: "Yesterday's Enterprise", "Sarek"; DS9: "The Way of the Warrior"; VOY: "Alliances") Vulcans were also highly integrated in the command structure of Starfleet, namely with high-ranking officers like Rear Admirals Savar and Sitak. (TNG: "Conspiracy"; DS9: "Favor the Bold") Some Starfleet vessels also had entirely, or almost entirely, Vulcan crews – e.g., the USS Hera, the USS Intrepid and the USS T'Kumbra. (TNG: "Interface"; DS9: "Take Me Out to the Holosuite")
In 2368, an attempt at a Vulcan-Romulan reformation/reunification almost resulted in an invasion of Vulcan. It began when Ambassador Spock went to Romulus because the new Proconsul Neral convinced Spock he was ready to open formal relations with Vulcan. However, this form of "cowboy diplomacy" was in no way authorized by the Federation Council or Starfleet. It soon turned out to be a Romulan attempt to gain a foothold within the Federation by using the underground Romulan-Vulcan reunification movement as a cover. The incidence culminated in Romulan forces entering Federation space aboard Vulcan transport vessels and moving towards Vulcan under a guise of peace. However, their cover was exposed and the Romulans destroyed their own forces, while they were heading back to Romulan space. (TNG: "Unification I", "Unification II") Despite this setback, Spock stayed on Romulus, continuing to work for a rapprochement between Vulcans and Romulans over the following two decades. (TNG: "Face of the Enemy"; Star Trek)
After the discovery of the Bajoran wormhole in 2369, Vulcans were at the forefront of exploration in the Gamma Quadrant. Upon encountering the Wadi, a Vulcan ship was the first to make formal contact with a civilization from that region of the galaxy. (DS9: "Move Along Home") Vulcan science ships later encountered the Rakhari and found the remains of the Hur'q civilization. (DS9: "Vortex", "The Sword of Kahless")
Unfortunately, the Bajoran wormhole did not only bring scientific possibilities for the Federation and especially Vulcan, but also the Dominion threat. In late 2373, the Dominion War broke out and, during its early months, the Fifth Fleet had to fight Dominion forces near Vulcan. (DS9: "Favor the Bold") When Betazed fell in 2374 it meant a direct threat to Vulcan, a danger which became even more grave as the Dominion began building up its forces on the newly conquered world later that year. (DS9: "In the Pale Moonlight", "The Reckoning") However, the danger to Vulcan never materialized as the Dominion War ended in late 2375 with the Federation Alliance emerging victorious. (DS9: "What You Leave Behind")
In 2387, Ambassador Spock's efforts to facilitate an eventual Romulan-Vulcan reunification came to an abrupt end, when Romulus was destroyed by a nearby supernova. Although Spock could not prevent the destruction of Romulus, he attempted to prevent the supernova from spreading further by creating a red matter singularity which, however, also pulled him and the pursuing Romulan mining ship Narada into an alternate reality. (Star Trek)
Summary of key dates
- 2,700 BC: Vulcan civilization of this time is described as barbaric, war-like, aggressive and savage.
- 3rd millennium BC: Vulcans begin to mentally train themselves to suppress their emotions.
- 9th century BC: Master Haadok and others found the P'Jem monastery on another planet.
- 4th century: Time of Awakening - As Vulcan is consumed by atomic wars, Surak proposes to embrace logic as a way to peace. Although his katra is saved, he later dies of radiation sickness on Mount Seleya. "Those who march beneath the Raptor's wings," leave the planet, becoming the ancestors of the Debrune and the Romulans.
- 14th century: The religious holiday of Rumarie ceases to be observed on Vulcan.
- 19th century: By this time Vulcan had rebuilt its civilization and returned to interstellar travel.
- Early 20th century: First contact occurs between Vulcans and Andorians. Relations between both species should remain rough over the following two centuries.
- 1957: Vulcans make unofficial first contact with Humans when a Vulcan survey ship, which had been investigating the launch of Sputnik I, crash-lands on Earth.
- 2050s: Vulcans make first contact with the newly warp-capable Arkonians. Their relationship quickly sours to a point where Arkonians would bear deep hatred towards Vulcans. During this time, the Vulcans are also aware of the Third World War on Earth, but choose not to interfere.
- 2063: Official first contact between Vulcans and Humans takes place after the T'Plana-Hath observes Humanity's first warp flight and then lands in Bozeman, Montana to meet its pilot.
- 2097: After the Vulcan High Command forces its evacuation, a treaty is signed in which the Vulcans officially claim the Andorian planetoid Weytahn. It is renamed Paan Mokar, and a surveillance satellite is placed in orbit in order to enforce the accord.
- 2151: Hidden beneath the monastery of P'Jem, a Vulcan listening post used to spy on their Andorian neighbors is uncovered by the crew of the Earth starship Enterprise and members of the Andorian Imperial Guard. After a warning and its subsequent evacuation, the installation is destroyed by the Andorians later that year, thereby dealing a severe blow to Vulcan-Andorian relations, which are already tense due to both power's ongoing vying for politcal influence on the dilithium-rich planet Coridan.
- 2152: Vulcan-Andorian relations heat up further as the Andorian Empire tries to reclaim Weytahn nearly 60 years after it has been deserted. With the help of Captain Jonathan Archer of the Enterprise, a cease-fire is established and both sides resume their negotiations.


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André Rieu - Romantic Moments
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New actuarial training modules for micro-insurance businesses in developing countries launched in Dar es salaam, Tanzania
The Institute and Faculty of Actuaries, the UK based chartered international professional body for actuaries, launched a suite of Actuarial Training Modules aimed at helping businesses providing Micro-insurance in the developing world at the 8th International Micro-insurance Conference in Dar es Salaam on 8 November 2012.
The Actuarial Modules are a suite of models designed to aid the education of Micro-insurance practitioners in running their businesses on sound actuarial principles. The models are spreadsheet based; containing a clear process for setting premium rates, calculating reserves and risk financing requirements.?By improving access to training in this way the modules aim to help the poorest people in developing countries to be able to access insurance products that benefit them via companies that utilise sound business principles.
The launch included the first two modules which cover agricultural crop insurance and credit life insurance.? A third module covering health insurance is planned for 2013.
The development of the modules was led by the Institute and Faculty of Actuaries, following the identification of a need for Micro-insurance practitioners in low income countries to have training in robust actuarial principles.? As there are few if any actuaries in many of these countries the modular approach was viewed as the most practical first step in improving the way that businesses in this area were run. The modules are publicly available and provide clear guidance on the key actuarial processes of pricing, reserving and risk finance.
The development of the modules was undertaken by the Institute and Faculty of Actuaries in collaboration with the International Actuarial Association, the Micro-insurance Network and the Oxford University Department of Statistics.
The modules will be continuously updated in order that they remain fit for purpose.? Further modules will be developed based on demand.
Dermot Grenham, spokesperson for the Institute and Faculty of Actuaries said:
?We hope that these modules will help to improve the quality of actuarial and general financial management of Micro-insurance providers in developing countries, especially where there is a lack of formal actuarial education.? This is a really exciting project that has enabled a wide range of actuaries from across the globe to work together for the public good, work which will be of particular benefit to low income people in developing countries.?
SOURCE: The Actuarial Profession


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this wiki
(written from a Production point of view)
Walter Matthew "Matt" Jefferies (12 August 1921 – 21 July 2003; age 81) was the art director and production designer on all three seasons of Star Trek: The Original Series. He was the brother of fellow Star Trek designers Philip and John Jefferies.
He was the art director and designer in the original series who designed the original Enterprise with its saucer-shaped hull, engineering hull, and two nacelles, as well as the type 1 and type 2 phaser designs seen in the original series, for which he did drawings.
In his honor the crawl spaces on all Starfleet vessels are named Jefferies tubes, a reference used throughout the entire Star Trek franchise. In addition, the Star Trek: Enterprise episode "First Flight" mentioned Captain Jefferies, who was also named in honor of Matt Jefferies.
During World War II Jefferies was a bomber pilot (over Africa and Europe).
After the war he became an illustrator at the Library of Congress, and in the 1950s he was hired as set decorator at Warner Brothers.
In 1964, Gene Roddenberry asked Jefferies to design a starship for his new TV series. The design survived and influenced starship designs in subsequent Trek series. As influential as his starship designs was his bridge design. Apart from these, he designed numerous sets, landscapes, props, and other ships (most notably the Klingon D7-class) for the original series and was highly regarded by producers Roddenberry and Justman.
Jefferies worked as production designer on the two Star Trek pilots, then became both production designer and art director, starting with the first season in 1966. He worked with fellow art director Rolland M. Brooks on the first season and the beginning of the second. After Brooks left the series, Jefferies became the sole art director for Star Trek.
Though mostly remembered for his work on Star Trek, at the time, it was but a small part of his career. Before Star Trek he worked on such productions as The Untouchables, Ben Casey, and Mission: Impossible (from which he was unexpectedly pulled by his then employer, Desilu, only to find himself working on the new show Star Trek), and afterwards on productions such as Little House on the Prairie and Dallas. He particularly enjoyed working for Little House and was not willing to give up his job there when he was sounded out by Roddenberry to come back for the the Star Trek: Phase II project, though he did some preliminary work on the redesign of the Enterprise. (Star Trek: The Magazine Volume 2, Issue 8, p. 84)
The series of interviews Jefferies has given for the 2000 run of the publication Star Trek: The Magazine were the most elaborate ones, done on his work on Star Trek, and has helped to clear up some of the misconceptions that had evolved over the years on some of his work in Star Trek lore, such as the origins of the Enterprise registry number and the raison d'etre for the D7-class studio model. Jefferies, along with his brother John, sold off virtually all of their Original Series production items, including all the design art featured the year previously in the Star Trek: The Magazine interviews, still in their possession in the Profiles in History The Star Trek Auction of 12 December 2001, in order to raise funds for the charitable organization "Motion Picture & Television Fund".
Both Roddenberry and Jefferies died of congestive heart failure, after a fight with cancer.
Emmy Award Nomination
- 1969 Emmy Award nomination for TOS Season 3 in the category "Outstanding Achievement in Art Direction and Scenic Design", shared with set decorator John Dwyer.
Star Trek interviews
- Movie Magic, Season 1, Episode 11: Models and Miniatures–A Model of Perfection, 1994
- Inside Star Trek - The Real Story, 1998
- "Behind the Scenes; Designing the Starship Enterprise", Star Trek: The Magazine Volume 1, Issue 10, February 2000, pp. 24-30
- "Behind the Scenes; Matt Jefferies: Inside the U.S.S. Enterprise", Star Trek: The Magazine Volume 1, Issue 11, March 2000, pp. 20-27
- "Behind the Scenes; Matt Jefferies: Shuttles and the Shuttlebay", Star Trek: The Magazine Volume 1, Issue 12, April 2000, pp. 20-25
- "Behind the Scenes; Designing the Klingon Battle Cruiser", Star Trek: The Magazine Volume 2, Issue 9, January 2002, pp. 66-71
- Star Trek Generations (Special Edition) DVD–special feature: "A Tribute to Matt Jefferies" (archive footage), 2004
Further reading
- The Making of Star Trek, 1968
- Star Trek: The Original Series Sketchbook, 1997
- Beyond the Clouds: The Lifetime Trek of Walter "Matt" Jefferies, Artist and Visionary, 2008
- "Where no Artist had gone before" (retrospective), Dwayne A. Day, Star Trek Magazine issue 162, July/August 2011, pp. 18-27
External links
- MattJefferies.com - official website
- Matt Jefferies at Wikipedia
- Matt Jefferies at the Internet Movie Database


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A ground-breaking $2.3million RSPB (BirdLife in the UK) project to eliminate introduced rats from an uninhabited island in the central Pacific has attempted to remove the fingerprints of man from an otherwise idyllic tropical paradise.
Henderson, one of the Pitcairn Islands, is home to Endangered Henderson Petrel and many of the world's gadfly petrels. Together with its endemic plants, snails and invertebrates, not to mention its turtle population, it must surely be as important as Britain & Ireland in terms of global biodiversity. Yet conservation bodies are desperately trying to raise funds to eradicate the Polynesian Rats that could seriously affect much of the island's unique wildlife, and potentially cause species extinctions...
Put together, the UK's 16 overseas territories are fifth in the world league table of bird extinctions, with at least ten species from the territories going to oblivion since 1500AD, partially or wholly because of the impact of non-native mammals, such as rats, feral cats, mice and pigs.
Europe and Central Asia


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Man Up
Home > Television > M > Man Up
Mather Zickel
Dan Fogler
Christopher Moynihan
Teri Polo
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Summary:Three modern men try to get in touch with their inner tough guys and redefine what it means to be a "real man" in this funny and relatable comedy. Will's grandfather fought in WWII. Will's father fought in Vietnam. Will plays Call of Duty on his PS3 and drinks non-dairy hazelnut creamer. So what happened to all the real men? They're still here -- they just smell like pomegranate body wash now. Meet Will (Mather Zickel). His evolved, sensitive nature is why his awesome wife, Theresa (Teri Polo), married him. But Will and his friends find themselves wondering -- in a world of Axe ads and manscaping -- what does it really mean to be a guy anymore?Will is more interested in finding the perfect g... Full Summary >>


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Muggle Liaison Office
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- "Less than a year later a harassed-looking Fudge had appeared out of thin air in the cabinet room to inform the Prime Minister that there had been a spot of bother at the Kwidditch (or that was what it had sounded like) World Cup and that several Muggles had been "involved", but that the Prime Minister was not to worry, the fact that You-Know-Who's Mark had been seen again meant nothing; Fudge was sure it was an isolated incident, and the Muggle Liaison Office was dealing with all memory modifications as they spoke."
- —Description.[src]
The Muggle Liaison Office is a division of the Department of Magical Accidents and Catastrophes presumably responsible for wizard-Muggle relations.[1] Given the lack of Muggle awareness of the wizarding world, in accordance with the International Statute of Wizarding Secrecy of 1692, it can be presumed that the Muggle Liaison Office fulfils its duties in a very one-sided manner. Those who work in Muggle Relations presumably work with this office.
In the summer of 1994, after the Death Eater incident at Roberts's campsite, the Muggle Liaison was tasked with memory modifications.[1]
- Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince (First mentioned)
Notes and references
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince - Chapter 1 (The Other Minister)


text:
Star Trek: The Animated Series (DVD)
this wiki
(written from a Production point of view)
|Region 1 cover
|DVD release
|One & Two
|No. of episodes:
|No. of discs:
|Region 1 release date:
|21 November 2006
|Region 2 release date:
|4 December 2006
23 March 2009 (re-released)
|English, Spanish, Portuguese (region 1)
German, English, Danish, Finnish, Dutch, Italienisch, Norwegian, Swedish, Spanish, French (region 2)
|ASIN B000HEWEJ4 (region 1)
ASIN B000J3EG62 (region 2)
ASIN B001R65FMY (region 2 re-release)
ASIN B000JGW83W (region 2, German)
|Region 2 slimline cover
|Main menu
Star Trek: The Animated Series – The Animated Adventures of Gene Roddenberry's Star Trek is a DVD collection containing all twenty-two of the TAS episodes which were broadcast during the series' run. The original release came in identical, hard plastic case packaging for both region 1 and 2. The region 2 re-release of 2009 was packaged in a standard snap case.
Special features
- Text commentary by Michael and Denise Okuda on "Yesteryear", "The Eye of the Beholder" and "The Counter-Clock Incident"
- Audio commentary by David Gerrold on "More Tribbles, More Troubles" and "Bem", and by David Wise on "How Sharper Than a Serpent's Tooth"
- Storyboard gallery on "The Infinite Vulcan"
- "Drawn to the Final Frontier: The Making of Star Trek: The Animated Series", a behind the scenes look with the writers and animators of the show
- "What's the Star Trek Connection?", a look at how the Animated Series ties into the various live action series
- A history of the show
- Animated Trek: Real or Not? (booklet article)
Background information
Some of the special features of this DVD were done by Andy Mangels who, for several years, did special features for other DVDs. He reflected, "When Paramount did the TAS series on DVD, I proposed to do the special features. They passed, but I did end up providing a lot of material they used for their set and documentary." [1]
The release artwork on the DVDs feature main characters of the series, in animated form:
- Disc one - James T. Kirk
- Disc two - Spock
- Disc three - Montgomery Scott
- Disc four - Leonard McCoy
Cover gallery
|DVD releases
| The Original Series • The Animated Series • Star Trek films • The Next Generation • Deep Space Nine • Voyager • Enterprise
Star Trek: Fan Collective
|Previous release:
Star Trek: Fan Collective - Klingon
|Star Trek: The Animated Series
|Next release:
Star Trek: Fan Collective - Captain's Log


text:
A Total of twelve netball coaches have graduated after passing the International Federation of Netball Associations (IFNA) course conducted in Dar es Salaam last week.
The course was conducted in concurrence with the continental netball championship that ended last week as Malawi triumphed pushing the host nation to the runners-up spot.
The netball association of Tanzania (CHANETA) acting secretary general Rose Mkisi said among those who graduated include youth team coach Damian Chonya.
"We are pleased with his achievement and hope that she will make the most of her qualification to boost the team's performance", she said.
Three domestic umpires Jane Butinini, Lonila Mongimana and Dickson Kitanda also passed the IFNA course. Mkisi said umpires would most likely use and share the knowledge with their colleagues.
However, the Chaneta official declined to name coaches who stand a chance to officiate at World Cup stage having upgraded their qualification and knowledge.
"We are proud of the graduates' achievement", she said.


text:
Monticello Collection by Hudson Valley
Shapely glass holds 60 watt candelabra bulbs in the Hudson Valley Lighting Monticello Collection. Go with either a single or double light design. Classic style is on display with these sconces. Four finishes make it easy to match the lighting to your existing style: old bronze, polished nickel, antique nickel, and aged brass.


text:
The Truth About Billionaire Soros' Big Moves
George Soros, the man who made $1 billion in a day by shorting the British pound, is returning all outside money invested in his hedge fund, citing new disclosure requirements in the Dodd-Frank Act. Coverage of this enormous story has so far been misleading. Here's what's really going on in Soros's head -- we think.


text:
Your child will have fun pretending to write tickets and fight crime when he wears the Police Officer Costume for Kids. This outfit features a jacket, cap, whistle, handcuffs, badge, walkie-talkie, ticket, and name tag. The bright blue jacket has black pocket flaps, a black collar, attached black belt, and gold bands on the sleeves. It also has yellow buttons with stars on them and black epaulettes with matching buttons. There's a yellow trimmed clear plastic pocket to hold the included police ID card. The police cap is matching blue and black with a silver badge on the front. There are pouches on the belt for the included accessories. Put a 9V battery, not included, into the walkie-talkie and it will make sound effects. Pants and shoes are not included. Your child will want to wear the Police Officer Costume for Kids on Halloween and during playtime all year.
Our Price: $2.97
Our Price: $4.97
Our Price: $14.97


text:
this wiki
The time has finally come. After a mock defeat on his first visit, Ash faces off against Norman, in a real Gym Battle this time around. Will Ash be able to defeat Norman's ultimate juggernaut Slaking, and if he did beat Norman, how would Max take watching his hero lose?
Ash has prepared for his Gym battle, and so has Norman. May is excited to see the outcome, but Max jumps to conclusion that she meant dad's going to lose, so Brock calms him down. Max also mentiones that some told that Norman is powerful enough to be Hoenn's Elite Four. May and Caroline calm Max down, even if this is the first time they see Norman fighting. Meanwhile, Team Rocket are going to set up a base in a cave past the waterfall. They are proud when they will earn that promotion from the boss once they are done.
The battle begins - Norman sends Slackoff and Ash his Pikachu. Pikachu starts with Quick Attack, but Slackoff moves so Pikachu misses. Slackoff uses Shadow Ball, but Pikachu dodges and uses Iron Tail. Slackoff turns on his back and Pikachu spins, making him confused. Slackoff uses Hidden Power - the balls spin around Pikachu. Ash orders Pikachu to use Thunderbolt, but Pikachu is attacked. Brock realizes that Ash usually uses speed to defeat the opponents, but this time speed does not count much.
Pikachu shakes its head to get back to battle. Pikachu uses Thunder, but Slackoff dodges and uses Blizzard, damaging Pikachu. Pikachu uses Thunder, but fails as the blizzard makes him unable to attack, freezing him. Pikachu returns, so Ash sends Torkoal instead. Torkoal attacks with Flamethrower, so Slackoff counters with Blizzard. However, Flamethrower is more powerful and it hits Slackoff. Slackoff is sent to Norman's arms, defeated. Torkoal is happy to won, but Max is a bit sad when his dad lost.
Norman is impressed by Ash's choice to call Pikachu back, but sends Vigoroth to battle. Torkoal uses Overheat, but Vigoroth dodges the attack. Vigoroth goes to scratch Torkoal, knocking him out and defeating him. Brock then determines that Norman used a slow Slackoff then fast Vigoroth to confuse Ash. Ash sends Pikachu back. Meowth yells at Jessie and James for not following the orders, but they place a crate on him. Meanwhile, Pikachu uses Thunderbolt, but Vigoroth jumps to dodge. Vigoroth goes to scratch while Pikachu uses Iron Tail - both attacks are cancelled.
Vigoroth (much to Ash's suprise) uses Flamethrower on Pikachu. Pikachu is wounded, but still keeps fighting, even if others think they should just change his Pokemon. Pikachu goes to attack with Quick Attack, while Vigoroth uses Flamethrower. Pikachu dodges and runs to Vigoroth. Vigororth goes to scratch Vigoroth, but Pikachu stops running and hurts himself, however he uses Static ability. Vigoroth is paraylzed, so Pikachu uses Iron Tail, defeating Vigoroth. Pikachu, due to the exhaustion and wounds, is defeated as well.
Brock holds Pikachu to treat it while Ash goes back to the battle. As the last battle is here, Ash sends Grovyle and Norman his Slaking. Grovyle attacks with Bullet Seed, but Slaking stops the attack using his hands. Slaking's hands are powerful, so attack like that is stopped. Grovyle attacks with Leaf Blade, but the attack is negated when Slaking stops the attack and throws Grovyle. Slaking uses Focus Punch, but is stopped by Bullet Seed on his face. Nevertheless, Slaking stands still, becoming angry. Slaking uses Earthquake - Team Rocket stop when they see Dugtrio leaving. Jessie kicks a rock, making them angry.
Grovyle jumps and goes to pound, but is stopped when Slaking grabs the leaf on his head. Slaking spins Grovyle and bashes him against the ceiling. Grovyle uses Bullet Seed and Slaking Hyper Beam, negating both attacks. However, the Hyper Beam is more powerful, so Grovyle is hurt. Norman advises to call Grovyle back, but Grovyle still wants to battle. Grovyle uses its ability, Overgrow, to improve Grass attacks. Slaking uses Earthquake, so Grovyle jumps, but Slking goes after him. Grovyle, however, bounces off Slaking.
Slaking uses Hyper Beam, but misses, so Grovyle pounds Slaking. Slaking, however, uses Focus Punch on Grovyle, so Grovyle goes to attack with Leaf Blade. The Pokemon clash, however... Grovyle is hurt, but Slaking is defeated. So, Ash is the winner. Everyone is impressed but Max who is furious. At the end of the day, Norman gives Ash the Balance Badge, but Max takes the badge and runs away. Max locks himself inside the greenhouse, crying about his dad's loss. May convinces Max that their father fought his best to win. Norman steps in to say that losing is just as important as winning when you can learn much from losing.
Max is convinced and steps outside, so Norman promises to battle him someday. Max gives Ash the badge, as he won fair and square.
- "Dad actually lost one. You can't win 'em all, right Max? Oh?"
Caroline about Norman's loss.
- Featured Pokemon: Macargo, Slugma, Corphish, Torkoal
- During the beginning of the episode, a classic Pokemon identification can be seen. In this case, the Pokemon is Metapod.


text:
Difference between revisions of "Webizen"
(→Webizen Messaging)
(→Name: Added suggestions from AC meeting)
|Line 52:
|Line 52:
* Friend of the Consortium
* Friend of the Consortium
* [https://twitter.com/robinberjon/status/461062248623251456 Twitter thread]
* [https://twitter.com/robinberjon/status/461062248623251456 Twitter thread]
While we strive to find a name that most like, it would also be helpful to select (or create!) a name that has some "sparkle" -- a name that will stand out and be distinctive. See, for example, the brainstorming below, seeking to imagine clever marketing phrases.
While we strive to find a name that most like, it would also be helpful to select (or create!) a name that has some "sparkle" -- a name that will stand out and be distinctive. See, for example, the brainstorming below, seeking to imagine clever marketing phrases.
Revision as of 13:22, 10 June 2014
DRAFT - DRAFT - Help us! - DRAFT - Help us! - DRAFT - DRAFT
"Not just a Websumer, I'm a W3C Webizen!"
We are looking to explore a "Webizen" program. For a nominal small fee, an individual would get some benefits. This task force will explore whether such a program is viable and what the benefits should be (e.g. user groups, user conferences, T-shirts, ID-cards, a path to provide user input to Working Groups, recognition as a Webizen for participants in W3C Working Groups and Community Groups.)
To join, subscribe to firstname.lastname@example.com, add your name to the #Participants list.
- Open and public: This task force is open to the public and will operate until June 2014. Come and build the Webizen program!
- e-mail: We welcome feedback on the firstname.lastname@example.com mailing list archive and may even use your feedback in our work.
- IRC: There is an IRC channel you can join too: irc.w3.org, port 6665, channel #webizen ([1] Pre-filled Web interface to IRC]).
- Twitter: W3C_Webizen
- 1 Background
- 2 Concept of the Webizen program
- 3 Name
- 4 Goals
- 5 Package of benefits
- 6 Participation Benefits and Non Benefits
- 7 Webizen voting for the AC
- 8 Drafting a Webizen network structure
- 9 Marketing and Communications
- 10 Operational questions
- 11 ISSUES: June discussion at the W3C Advisory Committee Meeting
- 13 Administrative section
At TPAC 2013, in response to a question from the floor (Look for "individual membership"), the W3C Director requested exploration of individual participation in W3C.
The current proposal, for a "Webizen" mode of participation, is not a Membership program. But it does provide certain privileges - for example participation (via representation) in the Advisory Committee (AC).
W3C Management explored the concept of "Individual Membership" – which would (for a fee) give individuals rights as Members; notably the ability to participate in W3C Working Groups. However, this key desire – to have appropriate individuals participate in W3C Working Groups – is already possible (without a fee) via Invited Experts (IE). Thus, individual membership is not necessary to participate in a Working Group. Further, we do not want to deprecate existing IEs, nor possibly ask them to suddenly pay a fee. Patent rights also add a complexity to the concept of individual membership -- which is already handled with the Invited Expert process; hence another reason to stick with that status for selected individuals participation in Working Groups.
Another type of status is 'W3C Supporters'. This provides no real benefits to the supporters, but allows them to charitably give donations to W3C.
Concept of the Webizen program
The idea of the program is to allow individuals to affiliate with the Web standards community by establishing a new designation of Webizen. This is not a Membership benefit and does not confer W3C Membership rights. Instead, we seek to make available a new means to congregate as a community.
As it is not a Membership benefit, 'Webizen' is an affiliation that may be chosen not only by current outsiders of the W3C community, but even individuals working for Member organizations or the W3C Team.
To make it a meaningful gesture, a token fee of e.g. $100 US per annum (or equivalent in another currency) is suggested. To make this a fair request, a key design goal is to create a package of benefits which arguably are worth $100. We intend to establish a sliding-scale fee to enable greater global participation. At the same time, the program must not lose money, so we must design the benefits accordingly.
Some people like the name "Webizen", others don't. It would be useful to have a collection of potential names so that we can shop them around and get community feedback. This is a collection place for candidate names. So far, the candidates are:
- Webizen
- W3bizen
- W3Connector
- Constituents
- Constituent of the Web
- Citizens
- Citizen of the Web
- Friend of the Consortium
- Twitter thread
From AC meeting
- Webzealot
- Zombie
- Weeble
- Webbro
- Webelo
- Webchamp
While we strive to find a name that most like, it would also be helpful to select (or create!) a name that has some "sparkle" -- a name that will stand out and be distinctive. See, for example, the brainstorming below, seeking to imagine clever marketing phrases.
In finding a name, we must consider it may have a meaning and connotations in other languages/cultures.
- Attract more stakeholders to the W3C community, including those who care greatly about the Web even if they may not be spec writers
- Increase affiliation with W3C for this set of stakeholders
- Get closer linkages between W3C spec writers, and the vast ecosystem that relies on W3C Recommendations
- Increase general public review of web technology in general and W3C Reports
- Provide a means for the general public to influence W3C agenda and priorities
Package of benefits
The key question for the Webizen task force is to design a package of benefits that would be meaningful for some number of Webizens, but not overly costly for W3C. Some suggestions to date include:
- Webizen Electoral College
- for every N individual members (where N x the cost of individual membership is > affiliate membership) one "Webizen" seat opens up on the AC. And every year or two, all Webizens votes to elect their representatives.
- Invitation to teleconference organized once annually by the CEO for a discussion of W3C's activities and plans.
- Webizen ID number.
- This number could be used as a virtual identity and services could leverage this over time. There could be a physical ID card if anyone wants one.
- Public profile on the W3C website.
- A "flourish" next to where name appears in Community Group and Working Group list of participants.
- Name listed on our Supporters page (with # years).
- Annual Webizen T-shirt. (tentative design example)
- Participate in annual T-shirt design competition
- Many will not want another T-shirt or are happy to pick it up at a conference. For now we are calling this an optional benefit with a possibility of asking the Webizen to cover shipping, unless (s)he has a way to pick it up.
- Stickers, mug, other 'goodies'.
- Discounts of W3C services of interest to individuals; such as W3C Validator Suite and certain conference fees.
- Voice in a Webizen Blog (moderated by Webizens Reps) linked from W3C blog. Since the Webizen Reps have write access to the W3C blog (see below), there is also a means for the views of Webizens to be advanced to the AC blog.
- -1 from chaals: "I would consider offering people the chance to publish stuff on the official W3C blog. And warn them that this means it has to be good enough."
- A two hours welcoming session via conference call to explain how W3C work, and what are webizen rights, and raise questions (conducted on a semester basis, in the 3 timeslot regions)
Intermediate or Longer-term benefits
- Creating user groups. W3C is vendor-dominated and we imagine that many Webizens might want to influence Web technologies in core issues of APIs, as well as UI design.
- Best practice discussions, webinars, luncheons
- User conferences
- Providing @w3.org email addresses as vanity addresses and emails for those that want them.
- In that case, IDs should use handles / short names (nicks) instead of long ID numbers.
Note: If W3C is putting together a local event, it should not be limited to Webizen participation. But there might be a fee for general public and either free or discounted entry for Webizens. We want to remain open to as many people as possible (and mixing Webizens and potential Webizens sounds useful).
Participation Benefits and Non Benefits
Two key Member benefits are not available to At Large Webizens: participation in Working Groups (WG) and the Advisory Committee (AC).
It is already possible (without a fee) to have appropriate individuals participate in W3C Working Groups as Invited Experts (IEs). Hence for WGs, extending participation to Webizens is not necessary. It would deprecate existing IEs, and possibly ask them to suddenly pay a fee. Further, there are potential patent issues.
Advisory Committee Membership is more valuable than the $100 fee that Webizens pay. However, Webizens will be able to elect Webizen representatives (reps) to the AC.
The design is to choose a number of reps which gives Webizens a real voice in the AC. On the other hand, given that the reps don't have an ongoing business relationship with their electorate (unlike AC reps for Member companies), and may not be able to represent whether there is commitment to implementations (unlike AC reps for Members) we will limit the number of reps - at least initially. We reserve the right to expand the limit over time.
The Webizen AC reps would have some, but not all, rights of an AC Member. They may review Charters and REC track deliverables, participate in ac-forum discussions, may attend AC meetings, may nominate for the TAG and AB, and vote in TAG and AB elections. They may accept Member-confidential information, but may not distribute Member-confidential information within their companies (since their companies are not Members) or among Webizens (because re-distribution to all Webizens means it is no longer in Member space). They cannot nominate themselves or anyone else to participate in Working Groups.
The Webizen AC reps would also have write-access to the official W3C blog.
The number of reps for the Webizen community is N/200 with a cap of 25, where N is the number of Webizens that have signed up. If the number is smaller than 10, they would be elected on an at-large basis. If larger than 10, we might devise a regional representation scheme.
No single company may have more than 1 AC representative. Thus, employees of Member companies cannot be Webizen reps, and if more than one rep is elected from a company, the one with fewer votes would need to step down.
Webizen voting for the AC
There are many different mechanisms for voting and it will no doubt be controversial what voting technique should be used by Webizens to select AC reps.
In W3C TAG and Advisory Board elections each voter can vote n times if there are n different seats. This has the desirable effect that the n "best" candidates need not compete with each other - they can all be named on every ballot. It has the undesirable effect that if a significant minority of voters prefer one slate of candidates and a majority prefer a different slate, that the minority gets no voice while the majority can take all of the slots.
For the Webizen vote, this undesirable effect is a significant issue. Voters could be distributed around the world and may not know people in other regions of the world. The W3C approach to voting could disenfranchise significant numbers of Webizens in the election.
This is not to say that geographical representation should be the major issue for Webizen voting. But it is at least one consideration where AC style voting is likely to lead to frustrated groups.
There are several approaches to addressing this.
A popular approach is Single Transferable Vote (STV) [2]. This removes the problem of shutting out the minority. But it introduces other problems. If balloting is for 25 candidates, it might be hard for voters to list all of their preferences - but there is no requirement to do so. And in general, STV is harder to count - but far from impossible.
Other organizations (e.g. IEEE [3]) have a regional component to their voting. Over a longer period of time, we need to explore the best voting mechanism for Webizens which may have a regional component.
Initially, there would be value to keep the voting mechanism simple and we should avoid the possibility that a "majority" region gets all of the seats.
In this space, we accumulate various proposals to voting mechanism. In the early years, we anticipate that the voting mechanism will be modified regularly (every year or two), until Webizens are comfortable with the mechanism.
Proposal #1
- Any Webizen can run for an AC position
- Every Webizen gets one vote
- If there are n seats available, they go to the top n vote-getters.
(In the view of this proposal writer, until n>9, we do not make the vote more complicated).
Under this proposal, if multiple candidates run in a certain region of the world or to represent an identifiable community, they will compete and result in fewer or no representatives from that part of the world than the voters from that region or community.
Proposal #2
- Any webizen can run for AC.
- Any webizen votes for as many candidates as they want, ranking them in preference order.
The winners are determined by "Schulze STV" voting.
To count the votes we could use the Open Source code available.
We could also run the entire election through the online implementation. it takes minutes to set up.
- Proposals for voting mechanisms are due by January 1, 2015
- Webizens will select their preferred voting mechanisms for the first year by April 1, 2015
- Nominations for 2016 are due on July 1, 2015.
- Nominee statements are due on August 1, 2015.
- Election period is September 1 - October 1, 2015.
- Position is help for one year, from 1/1/16 until 1/1/17
[1] http://www.w3.org/2005/10/Process-20051014/acreview.html#ACVotes [2] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Single_transferable_vote [3] https://www.ieee.org/about/corporate/election/election_index.html
Drafting a Webizen network structure
In order to favor local *and* international community development, in addition to belong to a global community, W3C Offices should also track Webizens in their geography. Existing W3C offices are available http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Offices/staff. When joining a webizen would choose an office (the one he or she wants) and thus would be associated with that local life. This would help them be knowledgeable of local symposia, workshops, discussions, etc. about web technology. The local offices structure could be used later for a regional based organization and voting fragmenting reference.
Question: What does it mean in practice for a Webizen to be associated with an Office?
Marketing and Communications
No one really knows if this is a good idea. If we choose to launch it, we would do so without much broad advertising. We would start with modest targets for participation and a modest package of benefits. If the idea gets traction with the community and gets many participants, we can expand the activities later.
A comm plan would be some percentage of the Webizen program income, e.g. 8%
Webizen Messaging
Community Development
- Find 25 people who will be the initial Webizens and promote the launch through their channels
- Early adopter benefits (for first 200 Webizens)
- Discount? [not supported at 2014-05-12 meeting]
- Special early adopter T-shirt
- Urge them to promote their participation
- An alternative to providing discounts for early adopters, we discussed the possibility of giving an even better benefit - better than money - ownership of the low-order Webizen ID numbers. As soon as this was proposed, we had bids.
- Jeff Jaffe: A very low number, but willing to defer if it helps attracts others
- David Larlet: a very low number
- Sébastien Desbenoit: 000000000000017
- Ralph Swick: 27
- Coralie Mercier: 000000000000042
- Jean-Charles Verdié: 000000000000051
- Karl Dubost: 000000000000069
- Andrei Sambra: 000000000000007
Visual identity
- Overall program, the essence of being a webizen
- Badges (for Webizens and Webizen representatives)
- Badge usage policy (e.g., licenses, derivative works, etc.)
Web site
- Leverages visual identity
- Content
- What the program is about
- List of benefits
- How to become a Webizen
- List of Webizens, highlighting representatives
- How representatives are elected, and schedule for election
- List of communications channels (e.g., for news and events)
- FAQ (e.g., relation to Membership)
Estimated cost with visual design: $15-$20K
w3.org updates
- W3C homepage
- Participate page
- Add link to footer of new site
- Add link to left column of home page in dev section
- Add link from validator home page, unicorn home page
W3C Notification
- Home page news story announcing program
- Initial blog post (Jeff?)
- Announcement to Membership
- W3C twitter, Facebook, LinkedIn channels
- LinkedIn showcase page?
- We do not anticipate a press release since we think social media channels will be more effective for this news
Notification via partners
- All initial Webizens
- A List Apart
- Web Directions
- ParisWeb
- Web Visions
- Webby Awards
- @timberners_lee, @webplatform, @w3cmemes, @slightlylate (Alex Russell, who asked about indiv. membership at TPAC 2013), @parisweb, @openwebgroup, @stshank, @whiteafrican, Lea Verou, Brian Kardell
- W3C alums
- W3C Members
- Others?
Concept & pitch
Note: Start work on a manifesto (credo) before working on pitch; synergies might arise.
Ideas of pitch:
- "Take your place at the W3C table."
- "Help ensure Web standards meet your needs."
- "Not just a Websumer, I'm a Webizen."
Operational questions
- The Webizen task force must look at operational costs: fee processing, database recording, mailing lists, costs of benefits, etc. to ensure that this low-revenue operation does not cost too much.
- International and global issues
- Accessibility
- Who on the team would actually do the necessary tasks
Past discussion notes:
- Notes from 2014-05-16 Webizen Operations Team-Discussion
- Notes from 2014-03-19 W3C Systems team perspective for Webizen TF
- Organise design competition for annual t-shirt.
- Can it be managed by a third party (budget needs to take that into account)?
Funds usage - internal to W3C
Revenue from the Webizen program will be used to offset the costs of the Webizen program. Any excess revenues will be made available for general W3C funds, rather than earmarked to a particular function or location.
ISSUES: June discussion at the W3C Advisory Committee Meeting
Announced at the 2014-05-05 Webizen TF meeting, the Webizen topic is on the AC Meeting agenda (June 2014). The presentation is less a presentation and more a discussion of the key issues:
- should we have a webizen program?
- what should we name it?
- collection of benefits, right sets, what to add or substract?
- is it acceptable for webizens to select representatives that participate in certain AC activities?
- should voting mechanism be decided by the Webizens?
If you want to raise additional issues and will not attend this meeting, please send your issue to the
firstname.lastname@example.com mail list before June 8.
How do I participate in a working group
Q: As a Webizen, how do I participate in a W3C Working Group?
A1: If you are an employee of a member company, ask your AC representative to add you to the working group.
A2: If you are an individual not employed by a member company:
Most working groups work publicly with a public mailing list that anybody can join.
In practice nearly all working groups are resource constrained for their work. Thus working groups are incentivized to recognize capable public individual participants and offer them invited expert status in the group to help with working group tasks.
In particular, take the following steps:
- Join the IRC channel and public mailing list of the working group (WG)
- Participate in good faith in IRC and the mailing list, and help out e.g. by:
- documenting specific real world use-cases they think the WG should solve
- pointing out errors/issues/improvements in specs
- contributing test cases for WG technologies
- provide helpful answers and responses to various questions raised
In practice, individuals that have shown up and consistently positively participated in this manner have been invited to become invited experts in many working groups, e.g. CSS. Often this invitation occurs by a WG chair or other member getting to know the individual, advocating for them inside the working group, and then reaching a consensus decision to invite the individual.
Administrative section
Task Force led by: Jeff Jaffe <firstname.lastname@example.com>
- Jeff Jaffe
- Coralie Mercier
- Veronica Thom
- Alexandre Bertails
- Amy van der Hiel
- Ann Bassetti
- Andrei Sambra
- chaals
- JC Verdie
- Robin Berjon
- Virginie Galindo
- Sébastien Desbenoit
- Mark Sadecki
- October 2013 - January 2014: Proposals from W3C Members and Staff added to this page
- Jan 2014: W3C management prioritization of headlights ideas
- Feb 2014: Announcement of topics selected for further development and start of task forces
- 7 March: People are encouraged to join the task forces by this date.
- 10 March - June: Task forces develop ideas
- 8-10 June 2014: AC meeting discussion
- June-July 2014: Further development
- July 2014: W3M evaluation of proposals and assignment of resources
Meeting records and actions
[no actions, edits welcome in existing sections of the wiki]
- 2014-05-05
- [done] Coralie to work with Sébastien on commenting in wiki on "zen" connotation in "Name" section of the wiki
- [done] Ann to update the "Name" section in the wiki, to add a note on "sparkle"
- (Jeff?) We should let the constituents of the Web decide, rather than imposing a voting mechanism.
- 2014-04-10
- [done] koalie to align pitch phrases with goals as stated in section created today
- [done] koalie to get W3C Offices to identify likely candidates and seek their reaction
- (Carried from past meeting) Veronica to update wiki (discounts proposal)
- 2014-03-27 11:00 am (ET)
- [done] Jeff to elaborate on how elections should be done (college)
- [done] Veronica to socialise her proposal further and update wiki (discounts)
- 2014-03-20
- [recurrent] Coralie to bring to Ted's attention any new proposed benefit that involves systeam and seek his opinion on feasability (1) and cost (2)
- [done] Jeff to write a proposal to write up what an electoral college would look like.
- [done]Veronica to figure what sort of discounts level to devcampus, VS etc. are high-enough to attract people, but not high-enough that they give the services away.
- 2014-03-10
- [done] Coralie to come up with comm plan for low-key start of webizen program.
- [done] Coralie to create a wiki.
- [done] Coralie to nudge Ted about systeam aspects of Webizen. (Minutes, key points)
- [done] Veronica to draft a proposal of what kind of discounts a Webizen program would confer.


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Review Details
Ameda Elite Breast Pump with Detachable Cord
- Product Review (submitted on February 17, 2011):
- Im currently renting this pump from the hospital. I LOVE IT! The parts are easy to clean, the pump is light weight and most important, it does an amazing job. Im able to provide enough milk for my daughter and able to freeze 1-2 bags a day. Im going to purchase the more budget friendly Purely Yours. I wouldn't think of getting another brand.
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Comfort. Breastfeeding, while important and healthy, also needs to be done in a way that is comfortable. Ameda's breast pumps are designed to fit comfortably, and come in many different styles and shapes in order to fit to your needs and comfort levels.
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Flash back! It's the 80s all over again! Be ready for the Halloween party with the 80's Pop Party Women's Costume. This costume comes with a dress, fishnet glovelets and lace hair band. The dress is designed with an over the shoulder black tee shirt style top that is decorated with vibrant, neon graphics on it. The skirt is hot pink and divided into three distinct layers the first one is tiger stripes, the second is black lace, and the third being simply pink. This is a mini skirt and will look amazing over the black fishnet stockings that come with the outfit. The costume is finished with a spunky black lace headband. You'll become the pop star of the party when you wear this outrageous costume.
Our Price: $5.99
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39 U.S. Code § 3016 - Administrative subpoenas
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(a) Subpoena Authority.—
(1) Investigations.—
(A) In general.— In any investigation conducted under section 3005 (a), the Postmaster General may require by subpoena the production of any records (including books, papers, documents, and other tangible things which constitute or contain evidence) which the Postmaster General considers relevant or material to such investigation.
(B) Condition.— No subpoena shall be issued under this paragraph except in accordance with procedures, established by the Postal Service, requiring that—
(i) a specific case, with an individual or entity identified as the subject, be opened before a subpoena is requested;
(2) Statutory proceedings.— In any statutory proceeding conducted under section 3005 (a), the Judicial Officer may require by subpoena the attendance and testimony of witnesses and the production of any records (including books, papers, documents, and other tangible things which constitute or contain evidence) which the Judicial Officer considers relevant or material to such proceeding.
(b) Service.—
(1) Service within the united states.— A subpoena issued under this section may be served by a person designated under section 3061 of title 18 at any place within the territorial jurisdiction of any court of the United States.
(2) Foreign service.— Any such subpoena may be served upon any person who is not to be found within the territorial jurisdiction of any court of the United States, in such manner as the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure prescribe for service in a foreign country. To the extent that the courts of the United States may assert jurisdiction over such person consistent with due process, the United States District Court for the District of Columbia shall have the same jurisdiction to take any action respecting compliance with this section by such person that such court would have if such person were personally within the jurisdiction of such court.
(3) Service on business persons.— Service of any such subpoena may be made upon a partnership, corporation, association, or other legal entity by—
(A) delivering a duly executed copy thereof to any partner, executive officer, managing agent, or general agent thereof, or to any agent thereof authorized by appointment or by law to receive service of process on behalf of such partnership, corporation, association, or entity;
(B) delivering a duly executed copy thereof to the principal office or place of business of the partnership, corporation, association, or entity; or
(4) Service on natural persons.— Service of any subpoena may be made upon any natural person by—
(5) Verified return.— A verified return by the individual serving any such subpoena setting forth the manner of such service shall be proof of such service. In the case of service by registered or certified mail, such return shall be accompanied by the return post office receipt of delivery of such subpoena.
(c) Enforcement.—
(1) In general.— Whenever any person, partnership, corporation, association, or entity fails to comply with any subpoena duly served upon him, the Postmaster General may request that the Attorney General seek enforcement of the subpoena in the district court of the United States for any judicial district in which such person resides, is found, or transacts business, and serve upon such person a petition for an order of such court for the enforcement of this section.
(2) Jurisdiction.— Whenever any petition is filed in any district court of the United States under this section, such court shall have jurisdiction to hear and determine the matter so presented, and to enter such order or orders as may be required to carry into effect the provisions of this section. Any final order entered shall be subject to appeal under section 1291 of title 28, United States Code. Any disobedience of any final order entered under this section by any court may be punished as contempt.
Source(Added Pub. L. 106–168, title I, § 107(a),Dec. 12, 1999, 113 Stat. 1812.)
References in Text
The Federal Rules of Civil Procedure, referred to in subsec. (b)(2), are set out in the Appendix to Title 28, Judiciary and Judicial Procedure.
Effective Date
Section effective 120 days after Dec. 12, 1999, see section 111 ofPub. L. 106–168, set out as an Effective Date of 1999 Amendment note under section 3001 of this title.
Pub. L. 106–168, title I, § 107(b),Dec. 12, 1999, 113 Stat. 1813, provided that: "Not later than 120 days after the date of the enactment of this section [Dec. 12, 1999], the Postal Service shall promulgate regulations setting out the procedures the Postal Service will use to implement the amendment made by subsection (a) [enacting this section]."
LII has no control over and does not endorse any external Internet site that contains links to or references LII.


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Andrew Mollenbeck, wtop.com
WASHINGTON – The holidays are full of traditions, and for more than 25 years, local volunteers have spent Christmas Day giving back to the community.
About 1,000 volunteers participated in projects with 50 local social service agencies. The Dec. 25 Day of Service started before dawn on Christmas morning and will continue to about 6 p.m.
"The projects include everything from preparing food for the homeless, to serving meals, to visiting with home-bound seniors, delivering gifts to immigrants and refugees in the area," says Erica Steen, the director of community engagement at the Washington D.C. Jewish Community Center.
Though the event is organized by the Jewish community, Steen says people of all faiths and ages volunteer.
"We have kids who are 3 and 4 years old, and we have volunteers who are in their 70s and 80s," she says.
Two groups painted a health center and a homeless shelter. Other volunteers delivered bags of gifts, went caroling and played games with people unable to leave their homes.
Sarah Ousley's volunteer experience was an emotional one.
For the first 16 months of her life, she remained in a children's hospital. On Tuesday, she returned to that hospital for the first time in almost 20 years.
"Going back there was really moving, and it was a really eye-opening experience just to see all the kids," she says.
She sang, played the French horn and helped children open presents.
Two young boys in wheel chairs had the biggest impact on her, she says.
"We were playing the music, and he was rocking in time in his wheel chair," Ousley says. "The feel of the music did something for him."
Follow @MollenbeckWTOP and @WTOP on Twitter.
(Copyright 2012 by WTOP. All Rights Reserved.)
WTOP breaks down fun things to see and do around the D.C. area this month.


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Columbia River Gorge Blog
A World of Wine in Forty Miles - A Wine Lovers Dream in the Columbia River Gorge
With 29 tasting rooms and wineries and more in the works, the Columbia River Gorge is a great place to spend a day to visit the many wineries, offering a scenic drive tour in itself.
"A World of Wine in Forty Miles". That's the motto for the Columbia Gorge Winegrowers. Americas' Most Unique Wine Region is located less than an hour East of Portland, Oregon. Straddling the mighty Columbia River, the Columbia Gorge Growing Region includes the fertile soils of both Washington and Oregon. From the marine influenced climate of Underwood Mountain to the arid dryland of the Eastern Gorge, from Albarino to Zinfandel, the grapes and wines of this unique region are a spectacular selection of sweet whites and luscious reds.
The wineries span the Columbia River Gorge National Scenic Area through 40 miles of peaceful, open-roads running through double mountain views of Mt. Hood and Mt. Adams.
We hope that during your visit to the Portland area, you carve out some time to enjoy one, or more, of the many wonderful wineries that we have listed for you to enjoy. Please see our website.
For more details about the many wineries go to www.columbiagorgewine.com
This lodge is one of the friendliest places I know. Everyone seems to genuinely enjoy working there and doing whatever they can to assist the guests.
Jeanne, Salem Oregon


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this wiki
|"Well, I think we should put it back in order for them, don't you?"
This article or section needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality.
|"We must've been through hundreds of books already and we can't find him anywhere —"
This article is lacking a section listing all of its known appearances in canon. Please help the Harry Potter Wiki by adding such a section, so that it conforms with our layout guide.
|"Are you a wizard or not?"
The title of this article is conjectural. Although it is based on canonical information, the actual name is conjecture and may be supplanted at any time by additional information released from canonical sources. If this occurs, please move this page to the appropriate title.
- "Marvolo, his son, Morfin, and his daughter, Merope, were the last of the Gaunts, a very ancient Wizarding family noted for a vein of instability and violence that flourished through the generations due to their habit of marrying their own cousins."
- —Albus Dumbledore.[src]
Inbreeding with pure-bloods is a common practice for elite wizarding families that uphold the tradition of marrying only pure-blood wizards of respected ancestry. It is noted that wizarding families are becoming more diverse as time passes as wizards begin to marry Half-bloods, Muggle-borns, and Muggles. To keep with tradition in maintaining a purely wizard-blood family, families tend to marry within the family, particularly cousins.
The Black family
The House of Black's family motto had always been "Toujours pur", which meant "Always Pure". Therefore, the family was strictly traditionalized to marry, if not extremely wealthy as their own family, respectable and noble families. The Black family took this motto to heart very seriously, and all family members who did not conform with the obsession to the pure-blood supremacy were disowned quickly. Squibs were also disowned.
In desperation to keep with the tradition, some would go to extremes to keep the tradition. An example of this are Walburga Black and Orion Black. The two were second cousins, as both their grandparents were siblings, and had married to keep tradition and eventually had two children together.
Due to the Black family tree tapestry large family tree of the Blacks, it is possible that related people marry or interact, not knowing of their relationship.
- Molly Weasley is the supposed niece of Ignatius Prewett (since being his niece justifies Sirius' statement that she is his cousin by marriage and not by blood, since being Lucretia Black's daughter would have made her cousins of blood) and is technically a distant relative of the Wealseys even before marriage.
- Harry Potter and Draco Malfoy are possibly second cousins once removed, as they might have the same ancestor, Cygnus Black II.
- Nymphadora Tonks and Draco are first cousins.
- Neville Longbottom, Ronald Weasley, Barty Crouch Jr. and Yaxley (the interrogator) could be related through the Black family.
Side effects of inbreeding
In Muggle genetics studies, it is proven that inbreeding can lead to serious problems, even for wizards. Notable effects that are seen in families are infertility (which would explain the extinction of the Black family) and disorders, both mental and physical.[1] It is evident in many families (e.g. the House of Gaunt and notably insane Death Eaters of the Black family) that insanity is a common resultant.


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What is RM Cash
"Customer service is priority #1 at Rocky Mountain ATV/MC. We value our customers and strive to be the best shopping experience- when you buy from us, you are buying lifetime service."
-Dan Thomas, CEO and Founder
We take pride in offering no hassle returns. In the event of a return, please call, email or chat with us to receive a solution to the problem. For apparel that doesn't fit quite right, Click here to see our Fit Guaranteed Program.
We will stand behind all products we sell with regards to manufacturing defects in workmanship and material. Most products are limited to the manufacturer's warranty. However, we will do everything in our power to take care of the problem.
Each review submitted enters you into a $100 gift card monthly drawing, and a $500 gift card quarterly drawing!
Comments On Jun 10, 2015:I have been on many rides with this helmet now and it has turned out to be very comfortable. The visor can be cracked just a little to let air in if needed. Very good quality and the fit seem good. Pay attention to the fit chart.
Was this review helpful?
Comments On Mar 21, 2015:well, i've wanted this helmet for a long time... i finally bought a new drz400sm which has been my naughty want for many years... well since i got the bike i always wanted, i figure why not upgrade the old trekker helmet to the variant... well i love it except for a couple things... first, the skirt around the bottom pushes really hard against my sides of my neck... it almost chokes me... kind of like when you stop the blood to your head to pass out... makes me feel very uneasy... i am not a steak neck either... i have a 17" neck, and i bought the xl... i have a 24" head... the rest of the helmet fit me as it should and it was wonderful... but the choking neck i couldn't live with... it broke my heart... but the other things that made it a little easier to send back is the fact that my fox main pro goggle CAN NOT fit... the padding in the helmet keeps the goggles so far away from my face it was crazy... (during the summer i like to remove the shield on my fly trekker helmet and run goggles, i get much better air flow and don't feel like i am breathing my exhale. hahaha) i also like to take the sun visor off and rock it that way for longer trips... easier on the neck and shoulders... the visor does not come off for riding purposes on the icon.... those 2 things alone is a no good for me... also, when you open the shield, your finger rubs the shield seal gasket pretty hard... i can see this becoming a problem over the long term.... some of the fitment of the front mouth surround were not attached and you could see light though it... i tried pushing it in and finessing it some, but it just kept bubbling out.... besides glue or an epoxy, it was not gonna be fixed....
so all in all, besides the head shape fitting me better, and me loving the "BUG" look of the helmet... it was a flop for me in every other field... sad, i was in total lust of the helmet....
i went with an AGV ax-8 evo DS instead and don't regret it one bit...
Was this review helpful?
Comments On Feb 16, 2013:Great quality. Mid level price. I love it. Inside doesn't break down like cheaper helmets. Feels solid. Lens seals well and doesn't fog. Excellent peripheral view.
Was this review helpful?
Comments On Aug 17, 2012:And fits amazing. At 60 on the highway no drag if you are looking forward but if you are not ready for it, looking to your blind spot might catch you off guard. Def has some wind drag sideways but i have a feeling all helmets do.
It comes with its own cleaning kit, all the accessories and carrying bag. Also comes with a black visor (Use it at night and day) can see everything clear and its really hard to see into it.
Ive taken some hard shell bugs to the visor and helmet and so far nothing has phased it.
The vent system is pretty good too, On a hot day it lets in enough air to keep the top of your head cool and the sweat from running down into your face, All of the vents are closeable with a gloved hand @60mph easy.
All in all i love it, the construct version of this helmet is pretty unique and with the option to get gold reflective or silver reflective shields the customization feels good.
Dont go taking the face shield off with a screw driver. They give you a key to open it up without hurting it. Just look for it in the box!!!!!!!Ask me how i know. lol
TL:DR Amazing helmet, keeps you cool/warm with easy to use vents. Extremely good fit and comfort. Buy one!
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June 13, 2011
Jim Comparoni
When Michigan State received a verbal commitment from Lima (Ohio) Central Catholic quarterback Tyler O'Connor last week, the Spartans also may have strengthened their special teams talent pool just a bit. O'Connor is one of the top quarterback prospects in the Midwest. He is also one of the best punters in Ohio."To be honest with you, punting is one of his hidden talents," said Lima Central Catholic head coach Jerry Cooper. "We went and watched a couple of college football games with him last fall and we said, 'Hey, Ty can punt for some college football teams right now.' I have seen some teams play on Saturday afternoons and he would beat out quite a few of those guys."O'Connor was the first-team all-state punter in Ohio's Division V last year, and first-team Northwest Conference as a punter and kicker. "He does all of our extra points and field goals. He averaged almost 44 yards a punt," Cooper said. "That's the kind of athlete he is."O'Connor is on a family vacation this week, and did not mention the possibility of punting at the college level when he made his initial comments about his commitment to Michigan State. But Cooper said the concept has been mentioned."There are a few schools that mentioned punting but Ty was real honest with those schools," Cooper said. "He said his dream was to play quarterback at a BCS conference school and he said, 'If I'm not good enough to play quarterback then maybe I'll try to fall back on being a punter. But right now the goal is to play quarterback at the next level.'"It's hard to do both at the college level, because all of the intricacies and work that go into being a quarterback. Punting is something that is a side light."But do not dismiss the possibility. Redshirt freshman Mike Sadler is expected to earn first-string punting duties at Michigan State this fall. Sadler will be a junior when O'Connor is expected to become part of the active roster as a redshirt freshman in 2013. Michigan State will undoubtedly look to bolster its pool of punting candidates with walk-ons and perhaps a scholarship punter for the 2013 or '14 recruiting class. Michigan State has had excellent success in recent years in seeing their scholarship punters develop nicely. But O'Connor provides some insurance just in case a scholarship punter or two falter in the coming years."He booms 'em," Cooper said of O'Connor. "We play on a turf field so every once in a while they won't catch it and he'll hit a big, long 60-yarder, but his average is a legitimate figure, and that's through all kind of weather and into the playoffs. He creates so much positive field position for us."O'Connor received a scholarship offer from Michigan State in February, and committed to the Spartans over Northwestern and several other BCS-conference offers last week. He completed 65 percent of his passes last year in leading Lima Central Catholic to the Division V state semifinals. He threw 26 TD passes against only 6 interceptions. O'Connor is not regarded as a place kicking prospect at the major conference level. But he contributed at that position last year, as well.Cooper said O'Connor was 5-of-9 on field goals for the year."A couple of them were pretty long ones," Cooper said. "He just missed a 51-yarder at the end of a half. And he missed a 47-yarder on the last play of the game. We feel like 50 yards and in, he has a legitimate shot so we let him try those, late in a half. He made a 42-yarder, a 37-yarder, made a 51-yarder in a scrimmage. He has pretty good range on those kicks."Cooper made a 54-yarder field goal on a free kick, taking advantage of the free kick rule following a fair catch."It was late in the half and a team was punting out of their end zone and we fair caught it and we said let's give Ty a shot to free kick it, and he hit a 54-yarder," Cooper said. "You're talking about a young man with a 54-yard field goal to his credit, a punting average near 44 yards, and he threw six touchdown passes in one game. So he had some really good games in a variety of ways with some real highlights."Did we mention defense? As was the case with Stanton and Nichol, O'Connor is given occasional defensive assignments in big games."We only let him play defense for three games, and in two of the games he had pick-sixes where he picked the ball off in the flat and took them back for touchdowns," Cooper said. "He is an excellent athlete and he has done everything we have asked him to do."This fall? Rugby punting. With O'Connor, the rugby punt becomes a legitimate run/pass/punt triple option. "We have worked on getting him on the move and letting his talents become that much more of a weapon," Cooper said. COMP'S Quick TakeIf all goes according to plan, Tyler O'Connor[db], [db]Connor Cook and whoever Michigan State signs at QB in February of 2013 will compete for the right to succeed Andrew Maxwell for the 2014 season.If O'Connor does not win the QB job in the fall of 2014 as a sophomore, it is conceivable that he could serve as a back-up QB and also as the second-string punter behind Mike Sadler. It's not the preferred route to the field, but this scenario could result in O'Connor being in position to succeed Sadler as the punter when O'Connor is a junior in 2015.In signing Cook and O'Connor, plus a player to be named later, Michigan State is in good position to have recruited a quality quarterback competition for the expected right to succeed Maxwell in 2014. In past years, we have seen quality competitions result in Brian Hoyer beating out Dominic Natale and Connor Dixon. We have seen Drew Stanton outlast Stephen Reaves and Damon Dowdell. And Kirk Cousins overcame Keith Nichol and Nick Foles. At some point during or after those three quarterback competitions, Natale, Dixon, Reaves and Foles transferred to other schools. Nichol switched to wide receiver. In recruiting Cook, O'Connor and a QB to be named later in 2013 or possibly 2014, it is unlikely and probably unrealistic to expect all three quarterbacks to finish their careers at Michigan State. Based on past trends, one or two of them are likely to transfer. HOWEVER, O'Connor's ability to potentially compete as a punter could enable him to stay at Michigan State rather than go to the Natale/Reaves/Foles route if he is unable to win the starting quarterback job in East Lansing. Head coach Mark Dantonio is known for creative use of players with diverse ball skills, such as former high school quarterbacks throwing passes from the wide receiver position (Nichol, Keshawn Martin and similar throws likely to come from Tony Lippett). In addition, Aaron Bates keyed victories over Northwestern and Notre Dame last year with passes from the punter and holder positions. As of now, O'Connor has as good a chance as Cook and the QB to be named later to emerge as Maxwell's eventual successor. But if O'Connor doesn't win the QB job, Dantonio will have a twinkle in his eye as to how he could possibly use O'Connor as a punter, holder or anything else. O'Connor's ability to punt increases the likelihood of him remaining a Spartan for five years and contributing in some capacity, rather than going the route of Reaves, Foles and Dixon. O'Connor's diverse skills could give Dantonio another special teams wildcard to play, and save Michigan State a scholarship slot at punter for a year or two. But that's if and only if O'Connor proves he can be a quality punter. None of this means anything if O'Connor takes on the look of a 38-yard punter at the college level. Meanwhile, do not be surprised if O'Connor is asked to punt in practice a few dozen times during his redshirt year in the fall of 2012. ...More... To continue reading this article you must be a member. Sign Up Now!
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38 U.S. Code § 3116 - Promotion of employment and training opportunities
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(a) The Secretary shall actively promote the development and establishment of employment, training, and other related opportunities for
(1) veterans who are participating or who have participated in a rehabilitation program under this chapter,
(3) other veterans to whom the employment emphases set forth in chapter 42 of this title apply. The Secretary shall promote the development and establishment of such opportunities through Department of Veterans Affairs staff outreach efforts to employers and through Department of Veterans Affairs coordination with Federal, State, and local governmental agencies and appropriate nongovernmental organizations. In carrying out the provisions of this subsection with respect to veterans referred to in clause (3) of the first sentence of this subsection, the Secretary shall place particular emphasis on the needs of categories of such veterans on the basis of applicable rates of unemployment.
(1) The Secretary, pursuant to regulations prescribed in accordance with paragraph (3) of this subsection, may make payments to employers for providing on-job training to veterans in individual cases in which the Secretary determines that such payment is necessary to obtain needed on-job training or to begin employment. Such payments may not exceed the direct expenses incurred by such employers in providing such on-job training or employment opportunity.
(2) In any case in which a veteran described in paragraph (1) of this subsection participates in on-job training described in such paragraph that satisfies the criteria for payment of a training assistance allowance under section 3687 of this title, such veteran shall, to the extent that such veteran has remaining eligibility for and entitlement to such allowance, be paid such allowance.
(3) The Secretary shall prescribe regulations under this subsection in consultation with the Secretary of Labor and, in prescribing such regulations, shall take into consideration the provisions of title V of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 (29 U.S.C. ch. 16, subch. V) and section 4212 of this title, and regulations prescribed under such provisions.
Source(Added Pub. L. 96–466, title I, § 101(a),Oct. 17, 1980, 94 Stat. 2182, § 1516; amended Pub. L. 101–237, title IV, § 423(b)(1),Dec. 18, 1989, 103 Stat. 2092; renumbered § 3116 and amended Pub. L. 102–83, § 5(a), (c)(1),Aug. 6, 1991, 105 Stat. 406; Pub. L. 112–56, title II, § 232,Nov. 21, 2011, 125 Stat. 719.)
References in Text
The Rehabilitation Act of 1973, referred to in subsec. (b)(3), is Pub. L. 93–112, Sept. 26, 1973, 87 Stat. 355, as amended. Title V of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 is classified generally to subchapter V (§ 790 et seq.) of chapter 16 of Title 29, Labor. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 701 of Title 29 and Tables.
Prior Provisions
2011—Subsec. (b)(1). Pub. L. 112–56struck out "who have been rehabilitated to the point of employability" after "veterans".
1991—Pub. L. 102–83, § 5(a), renumbered section 1516 of this title as this section.
Subsec. (b)(2), (3). Pub. L. 102–83, § 5(c)(1), substituted "3687" for "1787" in par. (2) and "4212" for "2012" in par. (3).
1989—Subsecs. (a), (b)(1), (3). Pub. L. 101–237substituted "Secretary" and "Department of Veterans Affairs" for "Administrator" and "Veterans' Administration", respectively, wherever appearing.
Effective Date
Section effective Oct. 1, 1980, see section 802(a)(2) ofPub. L. 96–466, set out as a note under section 3100 of this title.
Coordination With Programs Under Veterans' Job Training Act
Pub. L. 99–238, title II, § 202,Jan. 13, 1986, 99 Stat. 1768, as amended by Pub. L. 102–83, §§ 5(c)(2), 6(g),Aug. 6, 1991, 105 Stat. 406, 408, provided that:
"(a) In General.—In carrying out section 3116 (b) [formerly 1516(b)] of title 38, United States Code, the Secretary of Veterans Affairs shall take all feasible steps to establish and encourage, for veterans who are eligible to have payments made on their behalf under such section, the development of training opportunities through programs of job training consistent with the provisions of the Veterans' Job Training Act (as redesignated by section 201(a)(1) of this Act) [29 U.S.C. 1721 note] so as to utilize programs of job training established by employers pursuant to such Act.
"(b) Directive.—In carrying out such Act, the Secretary of Veterans Affairs shall take all feasible steps to ensure that, in the cases of veterans who are eligible to have payments made on their behalf under both such Act and section 3116 (b) [formerly 1516(b)] of title 38, United States Code, the authority under such section is utilized, to the maximum extent feasible and consistent with the veteran's best interests, to make payments to employers on behalf of such veterans."
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