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Geology and Geomorphology
Physiographic Region/Geology/Soils
The North River basin lies in the eastern section of the Glaciated Plains Division of Missouri (Thom and Wilson 1980), also known as the Dissected Till Plains (Figure Ge01). The Till Plains were formed by glaciers that deposited drift composed mostly of clay with some rock, gravel, and sand lenses (MDNR unpublished). Glacial till in the basin, which is usually less than 200 feet thick, is overlain by less than four feet of silty or silty clay loess. Till is underlain primarily by a layer of Mississippian age limestones, sandstones, and shale about 200 feet thick (Figure Ge02).
The watershed lies within two Major Land Resource Areas. The lower half of the basin is located within the Central Mississippi Valley Wooded Slopes (Allgood and Persinger 1980). Most of this area has rolling, narrow ridgetops and moderately steep to steep ridge slopes and valley sides. The Hatton-Keswick-Lindley-Goss soils in this area are gently sloping to steep, moderately well drained to well drained, loamy to clayey upland soils. With the exception of the cherty Goss soils, this soil association has slow subsoil permeability.
The upper half of the basin lies within the Central Claypan region. This region is nearly level to slightly rolling. Soils in this region are primarily Putnam-Mexico and Mexico-Leonard-Armstrong-Lindley associations formed in loess or glacial till. Putnam-Mexico soils are generally deep, nearly level to gently sloping soils with a silt loam surface overlying a silty clay subsoil of very low permeability. Mexico-Leonard-Armstrong-Lindley soils are deep, level to steep, well drained to poorly drained, loamy and clayey upland soils. Subsoil permeability is slow.
Stream Orders
Streams were identified on USGS 7.5 minute topographic maps and ordered according to Strahler (1957). There are 22 third-order and larger streams in the basin (Table Ge01). The main stem North River, a sixth-order stream, is the longest and largest. The South Fork of North River is a fifth-order stream while all other streams in the basin are fourth order or smaller.
Watershed Area
The North River watershed drains 381square miles (243,857 acres) of land. The basin is about 55 miles long and as much as 14 miles wide. The South Fork sub-basin composes about 28% of the North River watershed (106 square miles).
Channel Gradient
Channel gradients for all third-order and larger streams were determined using USGS 7.5 minute topographic maps and digitizing software (Table Ge01). The overall gradient for each stream is based on the change in elevation from the stream's uppermost point to its mouth. Gradients were also calculated separately for each order within an individual stream.
The overall gradient for the North River is relatively low (5.1 feet/mile). South Fork, which flows through a region of high relief, has a much higher channel gradient (12.9 feet/mile) than any portion of the main stem North River. Gradients of smaller, third-order streams in the basin are relatively low when compared to similar sized streams in neighboring watersheds. The highest gradient for all third-order or larger streams in the basin is approximately 36 feet/mile for an unnamed tributary of South Fork.
Soil Conservation Projects
Under the authority of the Watershed Protection and Flood Prevention Act, P.L. 83-566, initial planning for a soil conservation project covering the entire basin has been conducted and an application submitted in December 1971 (Table Ge02). Currently, the watershed is on the priority list and is officially in the planning stage. There are also three SALT (Special Area Land Treatment) projects in the basin totaling 19,465 acres.
Public Areas
There area three Conservation Areas totaling 2,079 acres within the North River basin (Table Ge03). Callaghan Mound Access provides 1.9 miles of stream frontage along North River, although there is no boat ramp. One-half mile of South Fork North River flows through Elmslie Conservation Area. Hunnewell Conservation area includes the Missouri Department of Conservation's Hunnewell Fish Hatchery and a 228-acre public fishing lake. Private boats are currently not allowed on the lake to protect the hatchery's water supply, but boats are available for rental. Hunnewell Lake also has a barrier-free fishing dock available for disabled anglers.
In addition the University of Missouri operates the Greenley Farm in the headwaters of North River near Novelty, Missouri. There is approximately one mile of stream on the farm. The City of Palmyra's Wells Park also has frontage on lower North River. A boat access will be constructed in the park in 2003 or 2004.
Corps of Engineers Jurisdiction
The North River basin is under the jurisdiction of the Rock Island District of the Army Corps of Engineers. Applications for 404 permits should be sent to: Clock Tower Building, P.O. Box 2004, Rock Island, IL 61204-2004, (309) 794-5351.


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BW096: The Road to Humilau!
Revision as of 14:06, December 22, 2012 by Ray boccino (Talk | contribs)
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Episode Plot
The time has come, for someone other than Ash to win a badge. Now Ash and co. arrive at the Humilau Gym and meet Marlon, the gym leader. Now that they're here, Cameron is ready for a Gym battle for his eighth badge. Will he win?
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11 News is working to get more information.
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This was the only drug that worked. It probably saved my life.
Had bad case of c.difficile (sp.?) and the other medications make me have severe headaches etc. I take vancomycin 125 mg. for a week every 6 hours. and florastor 2 tablets in a.m. and then again in p.m.
I was actually prescribed vanco for c-diff. At the time I did not know that I had lyme; I initially took Flagyl for a week and was severely ill (at the time we thought it was an allergic reaction to the Flagyl; in hindsight we know now that it was a herx). Due to the supposed allergic reaction to Flagyl I was then put on vanco for 3 months trying to cure the c-diff. The vanco cured the c-diff and put my lyme into remission for 7 months. I had ZERO lyme symptoms (previously had 70+ symptoms including a seizure). I believe had i used vanco w/ a pulsing protocol for lyme along w/ various other necessary lyme meds (flagyl pulsed to get cysts out) then I would have been able to keep the lyme in remission significantly longer if not completely.
After Flagyl failed to resolve c diff infection I went on a 14 day (500mgx4) course of vanco which seems to have cleared the c diff with no side effects. It was very expensive, (my porton was nearly $2k after insurance picked up the majority), but since it was the only thing after months of fighting c diff to have worked, it was worth it!
infection reduced by 75% in 3 days
I had cellulitis on the facial area and was hospitalized for iv therapy with vancomycin. The infection responded quickly to the vancomycin but it was extremely irritating to the veins resulting in the IV having to be moved to a new site for each treatment.
Vancomycin didn''t work for me I know that vancomycin is a very strong antibiotic that helps cure most people's infections, but it has not done it for me. I have been on and off of this drug three times (two 2 week periods with breaks in between and one 2 week period with another 2 weeks of weening of the drug). The doctors have think that I have C. Dif so I have been on and off Vancomycin and Metronizadale try to cure this infection but neither of these drugs has proven effective yet. I honestly don't know what to do know.
vancomycin not effective for long term


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I'm staring down a potential project that has so many moving pieces, I'm quite intimidated.
As I was imagining the incredible organization, management, and effort this will take, I felt that uncomfortable buzz as my blood pressure was rising.
Then I remembered something…and a fierce empowerment washed my nervousness away.
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Of course, I had plenty of help with my wedding from friends and family.
But, no matter how much assistance, the insurmountable amount of decision-making (about a huge event which is supposed to be heartfelt, touching, entertaining, and a kick-butt party — oh, and don't forget that you are requiring two families to merge and you're forcing every single person from every single circle of your life to exist in the same room together AND you're supposed to look like a goddamn movie star the entire time) is all up to the bride-to-be.
It's enough to send anyone into a tailspin.
Also, in my case, I was trying like mad to cut corners on cost so a lot of it was DIY.
DIY sounds real cute and delightful but don't be fooled. There's nothing cute about a stressed-out-skeletor-lookin' bride-to-be having a melt-down over homemade bouquets, pom poms, hair fascinators, and boutineers in her apartment — an apartment she hasn't cleaned in months.
Anyway, I'll have to remember this the next time the walls start closing in on me.
Then, maybe I won't have to resort to this:
Photos by Ryan & Denise Photography…best wedding photographers in AZ.


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dhtmlxSpreadsheet is an open source spreadsheet widget written in JavaScript and PHP that allows you to quickly add an Excel-like, editable data table on a web page. It is also available as a plugin for WP, Joomla, etc.
If you need to display data in a table and put it on the web for sharing or further editing, you might consider using online spreadsheet services. However, what if you want to keep the data on your own server? With dhtmlxSpreadsheet, you can store the data on your side and show it in a Ajax-based spreadsheet that can be accessed in edit or read-only mode.
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<script src="./dhtmlx/spreadsheet.php?sheet=price_report"></script>This code generates dhtmlxSpreadsheet on a web page, and you get a nice-looking table view to organize your data. You can fill in and edit your spreadsheets online right in the browser. While you enjoy the desktop-like user experience, dhtmlxSpreadsheet saves all your changes to the server side and updates the database on the fly.
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this wiki
- Cecilia: "My God, what an eyesore! Couldn't your father have that hovel cleared away, Tom?"
- Tom Riddle Sr.: "It's not ours. Everything on the other side of the valley belongs to us, but that cottage belongs to an old tramp called Gaunt, and his children. The son's quite mad, you should hear some of the stories they tell in the village..."
- Cecilia: "Tom, I might be wrong--but has somebody nailed a snake to that door?"
- Tom Riddle Sr.: "Good lord, you're right! That'll be the son, I told you he's not right in the head. Don't look at it, Cecilia, darling."
- — Cecilia and Tom Riddle Sr. riding in Little Hangleton[src]
Cecilia was a young, pretty Muggle woman who seemed to have been romantically involved with Tom Riddle Sr. prior to his marriage to Merope Gaunt.[1]
Cecilia was born circa 1905, the same year as her lover, Tom Riddle Sr. into a Muggle family. Sometime in her life, she and Tom met and they started a relationship together and were likely a very happy couple.
When Bob Ogden, in the course of his duties as Head of the Magical Law Enforcement Squad, visited the Gaunt shack in Little Hangleton to interview Morfin Gaunt about hexing a local Muggle, Cecilia and Tom Riddle Sr. rode on a grey horse past the house. The two sneered and gossiped at the ruined cottage. Later, when Ogden ran from the house to escape Morfin Gaunt's hexes, he knocked into Tom and Cecilia's horse, making the couple laugh at him.[1]
It is possible that Cecilia was Tom's fiancée and intended to marry him soon after the events of this day. If so, it can reasonably be assumed that she was bitterly disappointed and heartbroken when Tom instead appeared to fall for Merope Gaunt, as he was under the influence of her love potion.
Presumably, Cecilia lost contact with the Riddle family after he married Merope. It is unknown what happened to her after Tom abandoned his wife and returned to Little Hangleton in 1926. It is also unknown how she reacted to the deaths of her former paramour and his parents.
Cecilia had most likely died between the time Harry Potter was born and the time he started attending Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry.
The name "Cecilia" is the Latinate feminine form of the Roman family name Caecilius, which was derived from Latin caecus "blind". Saint Cecilia was a semi-legendary 2nd- or 3rd-century martyr who was sentenced to die because she refused to worship the Roman gods. After attempts to suffocate her failed, she was beheaded. She was later regarded as the patron saint of music and musicians.
- Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince (Appears in flashback(s))


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Lovely, Lazy Weekend Hair
This summer, go a little crazy with your mani-pedi combos. "Mix it up!" says Ji Baek, founder of the Rescue Beauty Lounge nail collection. "Just keep the more intense shade on your toes." Here, our fave duos (clockwise from top left):
Red + sky blue: Revlon Nail Enamel in Red Bikini, $4.99, and Thakoon for Nars Nail Polish in Kutki, $18
Lilac + mint green: L'Oréal Paris Colour Riche Nail in Butterfly Kisses, $5.99, and Sonia Kashuk Nail Colour in Fairy Princess, $4.79
Coral + citrus: Butter London 3-Free Nail Lacquer in Trout Pout, $14, and Deborah Lippmann Nail Lacquer in Yellow Brick Road, $16
Raspberry + teal: Estée Lauder Pure Color Nail Lacquer in Purple Passion, $19, and E.L.F. Cosmetics Nail Polish in Teal Blue, $2
Lavender + silver: Laura Mercier Nail Lacquer in Lavender Cloud, $18, and OPI Nail Lacquer in DS Radiance, $12.50
Copper + peach: CND Colour in Copper Chrome, $9, and MAC Cosmetics Beth Ditto Nail Lacquer in Life and Beth, $15
Electric blue + pink: Rescue Beauty Lounge Nail Polish in Cuprum, $20, and Essie Nail Polish in Camera, $8
Who has an hour to obsess over their feet? This 10-minute pedicure comes courtesy of Jin Soon Choi, owner of the Jin Soon Natural Hand & Foot Spas in New York City.
1. File your toenails into a soft square shape. "Nails that are too rounded can grow into your skin," she says. Smooth any rough edges left from filing with a nail buffer.
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40 U.S. Code § 8711 - National Capital Planning Commission
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(a) Establishment and Purpose.— The National Capital Planning Commission is the central federal planning agency for the Federal Government in the National Capital, created to preserve the important historical and natural features of the National Capital, except for the United States Capitol Buildings and Grounds (as defined and described in sections 5101 and 5102 of this title), any extension of, or additions to, those Buildings and Grounds, and buildings and grounds under the care of the Architect of the Capitol.
(b) Composition.—
(1) Membership.— The National Capital Planning Commission is composed of—
(A) ex officio, the Secretary of the Interior, the Secretary of Defense, the Administrator of General Services, the Mayor of the District of Columbia, the Chairman of the Council of the District of Columbia, the chairman of the Committee on Governmental Affairs of the Senate, and the chairman of the Committee on Government Reform of the House of Representatives, or an alternate any of those individuals designates; and
(2) Residency requirement.— The citizen members appointed by the Mayor shall be residents of the District of Columbia. Of the three appointed by the President, at least one shall be a resident of Virginia and at least one shall be a resident of Maryland.
(3) Terms.— An individual appointed by the President serves for six years. An individual appointed by the Mayor serves for four years. An individual appointed to fill a vacancy shall be appointed only for the unexpired term of the individual being replaced.
(c) Chairman and Officers.— The President shall designate the Chairman of the National Capital Planning Commission. The Commission may elect from among its members other officers as it considers desirable.
(d) Personnel.— The National Capital Planning Commission may employ a Director, an executive officer, and other technical and administrative personnel as it considers necessary. Without regard to section 6101 (b) to (d) of title 41 and section 3109, chapters 33 and 51, and subchapter III of chapter 53, of title 5, the Commission may employ, by contract or otherwise, the temporary or intermittent (not more than one year) services of city planners, architects, engineers, appraisers, and other experts or organizations of experts, as may be necessary to carry out its functions. The Commission shall fix the rate of compensation so as not to exceed the rate usual for similar services.
(e) Principal Duties.— The principal duties of the National Capital Planning Commission include—
(1) preparing, adopting, and amending a comprehensive plan for the federal activities in the National Capital and making related recommendations to the appropriate developmental agencies; and
(f) Transfer of Other Functions, Powers, and Duties.— The National Capital Planning Commission shall carry out all other functions, powers, and duties of the National Capital Park and Planning Commission, including those formerly vested in the Highway Commission established by the Act of March 2, 1893 (ch. 197, 27 Stat. 532), and those formerly vested in the National Capital Park Commission by the Act of June 6, 1924 (ch. 270, 43 Stat. 463).
(g) Estimate.— The National Capital Planning Commission shall submit to the Office of Management and Budget before December 16 of each year its estimate of the total amount to be appropriated for expenditure under this chapter (except sections 8732–8736) during the next fiscal year.
(h) Fees.— The National Capital Planning Commission may charge fees to cover the full cost of Geographic Information System products and services the Commission supplies. The fees shall be credited to the applicable appropriation account as an offsetting collection and remain available until expended.
Source(Pub. L. 107–217, Aug. 21, 2002, 116 Stat. 1217; Pub. L. 109–284, § 6(27),Sept. 27, 2006, 120 Stat. 1213; Pub. L. 111–350, § 5(l)(23),Jan. 4, 2011, 124 Stat. 3852.)
|Revised Section
|Source (U.S. Code)
|Source (Statutes at Large)
|June 6, 1924, ch. 270, § 2(a)(1), (b), (c), (e), as added July 19, 1952, ch. 949, § 1, 66 Stat. 782; Sept. 25, 1962, Pub. L. 87–683, 76 Stat. 575; Dec. 24, 1973, Pub. L. 93–198, title II, § 203(a), (b), 87 Stat. 779, 782.
|8711(c), (d)
|June 6, 1924, ch. 270, § 9, as added July 19, 1952, ch. 949, § 1, 66 Stat. 790.
|June 6, 1924, ch. 270, § 13, formerly § 4, 43 Stat. 464; renumbered § 13, July 19, 1952, ch. 949, § 2 (1st sentence), 66 Stat. 791; Pub. L. 94–273, § 21, Apr. 21, 1976, 90 Stat. 379.
|40:71a note.
|Pub. L. 105–83, (last proviso in par. under heading "National Capital Planning Commission"), Nov. 14, 1997, 111 Stat. 1589.
In this chapter, the word "Mayor" is substituted for "Commissioners" [meaning the Board of Commissioners of the District of Columbia] [subsequently changed to "Commissioner" [meaning the Commissioner of the District of Columbia] because of section 401 of Reorganization Plan No. 3 of 1967 (eff. Nov. 3, 1967, 81 Stat. 951)] because of section 421 of the District of Columbia Home Rule Act (Public Law 93–198, 87 Stat. 789). The words "Council of the District of Columbia" are substituted for "Board of Commissioners of the District of Columbia" [subsequently changed to "District of Columbia Council" because of section 402(21), (28), (32), and (199) of Reorganization Plan No. 3 of 1967 (eff. Nov. 3, 1967, 81 Stat. 952, 953, 963)] because of sections 401 and 404(a) of the Act (87 Stat. 785, 787).
In subsection (b)(1)(A), the words "the Chairman of the Committee on Governmental Affairs of the Senate, and the Chairman of the Committee on Government Reform of the House of Representatives" are substituted for "and the chairman of the Committees of the District of Columbia of the Senate and the House of Representatives" in section 2(b)(1) of the Act of June 24, 1924 (ch. 270), because of Rule XXV of the Standing Rules of the Senate, as amended by Senate Resolution 4 (popularly cited as the "Committee System Reorganization Amendments of 1977"), approved February 4, 1977, section 1(b)(1) of the Act of June 3, 1995 (Public Law 104–14, 2:21 note prec.), and Rule X(1)(h) of House Resolution No. 5 (105th Congress, January 6, 1999).
In subsection (b)(2), the words "bona fide" are omitted as unnecessary.
In subsection (b)(3), the words "except that of the members first appointed, the President shall designate one to serve two years and one to serve four years" and "The members first appointed under this section shall assume their office on January 2, 1975" are omitted as obsolete.
In subsection (b)(4), the words "are entitled to $100 a day when performing duties" are substituted for "shall each receive compensation at the rate of $100 for each day such member is engaged in the actual performance of duties" to eliminate unnecessary words.
In subsection (d), the words "chapters 33 and 51, and subchapter III of chapter 53" are substituted for "the civil service and classification laws" because of section 7(b) of the Act of September 6, 1966 (Public Law 89–554, 80 Stat. 631), the first section of which enacted Title 5, United States Code.
In subsection (e), before clause (1), the words "As hereinafter more specifically described in sections 71c to 71g of this title" are omitted as unnecessary. The text of 40:71a(e)(3) is omitted as obsolete because the National Capital Regional Planning Council was abolished by section 1 of Reorganization Plan No. 5 of 1966 (eff. Sept. 8, 1966, 40:71b note). In clause (2), the words "in such capacity" are omitted as unnecessary.
Subsection (f) is substituted for 40:71h to eliminate obsolete language.
In subsection (g), the words "Said Commission shall report to Congress annually on the first Monday of March the lands acquired during the preceding fiscal year, the method of acquisition, and the cost of each tract" are omitted pursuant to section 3003 of the Federal Reports Elimination and Sunset Act of 1995 (31 U.S.C. 1113 note). See, also, page 180 of House Document No. 103–7. The words "Office of Management and Budget" are substituted for "Bureau of the Budget" in section 13 of the Act of June 6, 1924, because the Bureau of the Budget was redesignated the Office of Management and Budget by section 102 of Reorganization Plan No. 2 of 1970 (eff. July 1, 1970, 84 Stat. 2085). Section 102 of Reorganization Plan No. 2 of 1970 was repealed by section 5(b) of the Act of September 13, 1982 (Public Law 97–258, 96 Stat. 1085), the first section of which enacted Title 31, United States Code, but the successor provision, 31:501, continued the designation as Office of Management and Budget.
In subsection (h), the words "beginning in fiscal year 1998 and thereafter" are omitted as obsolete.
References in Text
Act of March 2, 1893, referred to in subsec. (f), is act Mar. 2, 1893, ch. 197, 27 Stat. 532, as amended, which is not classified to the Code.
Act of June 6, 1924, referred to in subsec. (f), is act June 6, 1924, ch. 270, 43 Stat. 463, as amended, which enacted sections 71 to 71i, 72, 73, and 74 of former Title 40, Public Buildings, Property, and Works. Sections 71, 71a, 71c, 71d, 71f to 71i, 72, 73, and 74 of former Title 40 were repealed and reenacted as sections 8701, 8702, 8711, 8721 to 8724, 8731, and 8737 of this title by Pub. L. 107–217, §§ 1, 6(b),Aug. 21, 2002, 116 Stat. 1062, 1304. Section 71b of former Title 40 was repealed by Pub. L. 107–217. Section 71e of former Title 40 was repealed by Pub. L. 93–198, title II, § 203(e),Dec. 24, 1973, 87 Stat. 782. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Tables.
2011—Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 111–350, which directed substitution of "section 6101 (b) to (d) of title 41" for "section 3709 of the Revised Statutes (41 U.S.C. 5)", was executed by making the substitution for "section 3709 of the Revised Statues (41 U.S.C. 5)" to reflect the probable intent of Congress.
2006—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 109–284inserted "of this title" after "sections 5101 and 5102".
Change of Name
Committee on Governmental Affairs of Senate changed to Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs of Senate, effective Jan. 4, 2005, by Senate Resolution No. 445, One Hundred Eighth Congress, Oct. 9, 2004.
Committee on Government Reform of House of Representatives changed to Committee on Oversight and Government Reform of House of Representatives by House Resolution No. 6, One Hundred Tenth Congress, Jan. 5, 2007.
Compensation of Appointed Commission Members
Pub. L. 108–108, title II, Nov. 10, 2003, 117 Stat. 1301, provided in part: "That for fiscal year 2004 and thereafter, all appointed members of the Commission will be compensated at a rate not to exceed the daily equivalent of the annual rate of pay for positions at level IV of the Executive Schedule for each day such member is engaged in the actual performance of duties."
Similar provisions were contained in the following prior appropriation acts:
Pub. L. 108–7, div. F, title II, Feb. 20, 2003, 117 Stat. 269.
Pub. L. 107–63, title II, Nov. 5, 2001, 115 Stat. 464.
Pub. L. 106–291, title II, Oct. 11, 2000, 114 Stat. 986.
Pub. L. 106–113, div. B, § 1000(a)(3), [title II], Nov. 29, 1999, 113 Stat. 1535, 1501A–189.
Pub. L. 105–277, div. A, § 101(e) [title II], Oct. 21, 1998, 112 Stat. 2681–231, 2681–285.
Pub. L. 105–83, title II, Nov. 14, 1997, 111 Stat. 1589.
Pub. L. 104–208, div. A, title I, § 101(d) [title II], Sept. 30, 1996, 110 Stat. 3009–181, 3009–219.
Pub. L. 104–134, title I, § 101(c) [title II], Apr. 26, 1996, 110 Stat. 1321–195; renumbered title I, Pub. L. 104–140, § 1(a),May 2, 1996, 110 Stat. 1327.
Pub. L. 103–332, title II, Sept. 30, 1994, 108 Stat. 2535.
Pub. L. 103–138, title II, Nov. 11, 1993, 107 Stat. 1414.
Pub. L. 102–381, title II, Oct. 5, 1992, 106 Stat. 1414.
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Boca Raton Museum of Art501 Plaza Real, Boca Raton, FL 33432 In Mizner ParkT: 561.392.2500 F: 561.391.6410Email: email@example.com
Hours:Tues, Wed & FriThursSaturday & SundayMondays & holidays
Admission:MembersChildren(12 & under)AdultsSeniors(65 +)Students(with ID)
Featured in the exhibition are interactive touchscreen displays that illustrate a timeline of American fashion and recognize the nearly 600 designers who have been members of the CFDA over the last five decades. Each living designer selected to participate in the exhibition has chosen a single object or ensemble that best represents his or her impact on the fashion world.
Among the designers included in the exhibition are Geoffrey Beene, Michael Kors, Coach, Donna Karan, Norma Kamali, Francisco Costa / Calvin Klein, Vera Wang, Kenneth Cole, Diane von Furstenberg, and Thakoon.
The exhibition is a testament to changing notions of style, beauty, and the artistry of its documentation – from Rene Bouché's drawings of private, in-store fashion shows typical of the 1940s to Helmut Newton's highly-dramatic, gritty, and defiantly sexualized fashion shoots of the 1980s. The Museum's assemblage artists and eras provide an insightful study of the rich history of fashion design, and serves as the perfect complement to exhibition, IMPACT: 50 Years of the Council of Fashion Designers of America.


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Original Link: http://www.anandtech.com/show/7492/the-geforce-gtx-780-ti-review
The NVIDIA GeForce GTX 780 Ti Reviewby Ryan Smith on November 7, 2013 9:01 AM EST
When NVIDIA launched their first consumer GK110 card back in February with the GeForce GTX Titan, one of the interesting (if frustrating) aspects of the launch was that we knew we wouldn't be getting a "complete" GK110 card right away. GTX Titan was already chart-topping fast, easily clinching the crown for NVIDIA, but at the same time it was achieving those high marks with only 14 of GK110's 15 SMXes active. The 15th SMX, though representing just 7% of GK110's compute/geometry hardware, offered the promise of just a bit more performance out of GK110, and a promise that would have to wait to be fulfilled another day. For a number of reasons, NVIDIA would keep a little more performance in the tank in reserve for use in the future.
Jumping forward 8 months to the past few weeks, and things have significantly changed in the high-end video card market. With the launch of AMD's new flagship video card, Radeon R9 290X, AMD has unveiled the means to once again compete with NVIDIA at the high end. And at the same time they have shown that they have the wherewithal to get into a fantastic, bloody price war for control of the high-end market. Right out of the gate 290X was fast enough to defeat GTX 780 and battle GTX Titan to a standstill, at a price hundreds of dollars cheaper than NVIDIA's flagship card. The outcome of this has been price drops all around, with GTX 780 shedding $150, GTX Titan being all but relegated to the professional side of "prosumer," and an unexpectedly powerful Radeon R9 290 practically starting the same process all over again just 2 weeks later.
With that in mind, NVIDIA has long become accustomed to controlling the high-end market and the single-GPU performance crown. AMD and NVIDIA may go back and forth at times, but at the end of the day it's usually NVIDIA who comes out on top. So with AMD knocking at their door and eyeing what has been their crown, the time has come for NVIDIA to tap their reserve tank and to once again cement their hold. The time has come for GTX 780 Ti.
|GTX 780 Ti
|GTX Titan
|Stream Processors
|Texture Units
|Core Clock
|Boost Clock
|Memory Clock
|7GHz GDDR5
|6GHz GDDR5
|6GHz GDDR5
|7GHz GDDR5
|Memory Bus Width
|Transistor Count
|Manufacturing Process
|TSMC 28nm
|TSMC 28nm
|TSMC 28nm
|TSMC 28nm
|Launch Date
|Launch Price
Getting right down to business, GeForce GTX 780 Ti unabashedly a response to AMD's Radeon R9 290X while also serving as NVIDIA's capstone product for the GeForce 700 series. With NVIDIA finally ready and willing to release fully enabled GK110 based cards – a process that started with Quadro K6000 – GTX 780 Ti is the obligatory and eventual GeForce part to bring that fully enabled GK110 GPU to the consumer market. By tapping the 15th and final SMX for a bit more performance and coupling it with a very slight clockspeed bump, NVIDIA has the means to fend off AMD's recent advance while offering a refresh of their product line just in time for a busy holiday season and counter to the impending next-generation console launch.
Looking at the specifications for GTX 780 Ti in detail, at the hardware level GTX 780 Ti is the fully enabled GK110 GeForce part we've long been waiting for. Featuring all 15 SMXes up and running, GTX 780 Ti features 25% more compute/geometry/texturing hardware than the GTX 780 it essentially replaces, or around 7% more hardware than the increasingly orphaned GTX Titan. To that end the only place that GTX 780 Ti doesn't improve on GTX Titan/780 is in the ROP department, as both of those cards already featured all 48 ROPs active, alongside the associated memory controllers and L2 cache.
Coupled with the fully enabled GK110 GPU, NVIDIA has given GTX 780 Ti a minor GPU clockspeed bump to make it not only the fastest GK110 card overall, but also the highest clocked card. The 875MHz core clock and 928MHz boost clock is only 15MHz and 28MHz faster than GTX 780 in their respective areas, but with GTX 780 already being clocked higher than GTX Titan, GTX 780 Ti doesn't need much more in the way of GPU clockspeed to keep ahead of the competition and its older siblings. As a result if we're comparing GTX 780 Ti to GTX 780, then GTX 780 relies largely on its SMX advantage to improve performance, combining a 1% clockspeed bump and a 25% increase in shader harder to offer 27% better shading/texturing/geometry performance and just 1% better ROP throughput than GTX 780. Or to compare things to Titan, then GTX 780 Ti relies on its more significant 5% clockspeed advantage coupled with its 7% functional unit increase to offer a 12% increase in shading/texturing/geometry performance, alongside a 5% increase in ROP throughput.
With specs and numbers in mind, there is one other trick up GTX 780 Ti's sleeve to help push it past everything else, and that is a higher 7GHz memory clock. NVIDIA has given GK110 the 7GHz GDDR5 treatment with the GTX 780 Ti (making it the second card after GTX 770 to get this treatment), giving GTX 780 Ti 336GB/sec of memory bandwidth. This is 17% more than either GTX Titan or GTX 780, and even edging out the recently released Radeon R9 290X's 320GB/sec. The additional memory bandwidth, though probably not absolutely necessary from what we've seen with GTX Titan, will help NVIDIA get as much out of GK110 as they can and further separate the card from other NVIDIA and AMD cards alike.
The only unfortunate news here when it comes to memory will be that unlike Titan, NVIDIA is sticking with 3GB for the default RAM amount on GTX 780 Ti. Though the performance ramifications of this will be minimal (at least at this time), will put the card in an odd spot of having less RAM than the cheaper Radeon R9 290 series.
Taken altogether then, GTX 780 Ti stands to be anywhere between 1% and 27% faster than GTX 780 depending on whether we're looking at a ROP-bound or shader-bound scenario. Otherwise it stands to be between 5% and 17% faster than GTX Titan depending on whether we're ROP-bound or memory bandwidth-bound.
Meanwhile let's quickly talk about power consumption. As GTX 780 Ti is essentially just a spec bump of the GK110 hardware we've seen for the last 8 months, power consumption won't officially be changing. NVIDIA designed GTX Titan and GTX 780 with the same power delivery system and the same TDP limit, with GTX 780 Ti further implementing the same system and the same limits. So officially GTX 780 Ti's TDP stands at 250W just like the other GK110 cards. Though in practice power consumption for GTX 780 Ti will be higher than either of those other cards, as the additional performance it affords will mean that GTX 780 Ti will be on average closer to that 250W limit than either of those cards.
Finally, let's talk about pricing, availability, and competitive positioning. On a pure performance basis NVIDIA expects GTX 780 Ti to be the fastest single-GPU video card on the market, and our numbers back them up on this. Consequently NVIDIA is going to be pricing and positioning GTX 780 Ti a lot like GTX Titan/780 before it, which is to say that it's going to be priced as a flagship card rather than a competitive card. Realistically AMD can't significantly threaten GTX 780 Ti, and although it's not going to be quite the lead that NVIDIA enjoyed over AMD earlier this year, it's enough of a lead that NVIDIA can pretty much price GTX 780 Ti based solely on the fact that it's the fastest thing out there. And that's exactly what NVIDIA has done.
To that end GTX 780 Ti will be launching at $699, $300 less than GTX Titan but $50 higher than the original GTX 780's launch price. By current prices this will put it $150 over the R9 290X or $200 over the reprised GTX 780, a significant step over each. GTX 780 Ti will have the performance to justify its positioning, but just as the previous GK110 cards it's going to be an expensive product. Meanwhile GTX Titan will be remaining at $999, despite the fact that it's now officially dethroned as the fastest GeForce card (GTX 780 having already made it largely redundant). At this point it will live on as NVIDIA's entry level professional compute card, keeping its unique FP64 performance advantage over the other GeForce cards.
Elsewhere on a competitive basis, until such a time where factory overclocked 290X cards hit the market, the only real single-card competition for GTX 780 Ti will be the Radeon HD 7990, AMD's Tahiti based dual-GPU card, which these days retails for close to $800. Otherwise the closest competition will be dual card setups, such as the GTX 770 SLI, R9 280X CF, and R9 290 CF. All of those should present formidable challenges on a pure performance basis, though it will bring with it the usual drawbacks of multi-GPU rendering.
Meanwhile, as an added perk NVIDIA will be extending their recently announced "The Way It's Meant to Be Played Holiday Bundle with SHIELD" promotion to the GTX 780 Ti, which consists of Assassins' Creed IV, Batman: Arkham Origins, Splinter Cell: Blacklist, and a $100 SHIELD discount. NVIDIA has been inconsistent about this in the past, so it's a nice change to see it included with their top card. As always, the value of bundles are ultimately up to the buyer, but for those who do place value in the bundle it should offset some of the sting of the $699 price tag.
Finally, for launch availability this will be a hard launch. Reference cards should be available by the time this article goes live, or shortly thereafter. It is a reference launch, and while custom cards are in the works NVIDIA is telling us they likely won't hit the shelves until December.
|Fall 2013 GPU Pricing Comparison
|GeForce GTX 780 Ti
|Radeon R9 290X
|GeForce GTX 780
|Radeon R9 290
|GeForce GTX 770
|Radeon R9 280X
|GeForce GTX 760
|Radeon R9 270X
|GeForce GTX 660
|GeForce GTX 650 Ti Boost
|Radeon R7 260X
Meet The GeForce GTX 780 Ti
When it comes to the physical design and functionality of the GTX 780 Ti, to no surprise NVIDIA is sticking with what works. The design of the GTX Titan and its associated cooler have proven themselves twice over now between the GTX Titan and the GTX 780, so with only the slightest of changes this is what NVIDIA is going with for GTX 780 Ti, too. Consequently there's very little new material to cover here, but we'll quickly hit the high points before recapping the general design of what has now become the GTX 780 series.
The biggest change here is that GTX 780 Ti is the first NVIDIA launch product to feature the new B1 revision of their GK110 GPU. B1 has already been shipping for a couple of months now, so GTX 780 Ti isn't the first card to get this new GPU. However while GTX Titan and GTX 780 products currently contain a mix of the old and new revisions as NVIDIA completes the change-over, GTX 780 Ti will be B1 (and only B1) right out the door.
As for what's new for B1, NVIDIA is telling us that it's a fairly tame revision of GK110. NVIDIA hasn't made any significant changes to the GPU, rather they've merely gone in and fixed some errata that were in the earlier revision of GK110, and in the meantime tightened up the design and leakage just a bit to nudge power usage down, the latter of which is helpful for countering the greater power draw from lighting up the 15th and final SMX. Otherwise B1 doesn't have any feature changes nor significant changes in its power characteristics relative to the previous revision, so it should be a fairly small footnote compared to GTX 780.
The other notable change coming with GTX 780 Ti is that NVIDIA has slightly adjusted the default temperature throttle point, increasing it from 80C to 83C. The difference in cooling efficiency itself will be trivial, but since NVIDIA is using the exact same fan curve on the GTX 780 Ti as they did the GTX 780, the higher temperature throttle effectively increases the card's equilibrium point, and therefore the average fan speed under load. Or put another way, but letting it get a bit warmer the GTX 780 Ti will ramp up its fan a bit more and throttle a bit less, which should help offset the card's increased power consumption while also keeping thermal throttling minimized.
|GeForce GTX 780 Series Temperature Targets
|GTX 780 Ti Temp Target
|GTX 780 Temp Target
|GTX Titan Temp Target
Moving on, since the design of the GTX 780 Ti is a near carbon copy of GTX 780, we're essentially looking at GTX 780 with better specs and new trimmings. NVIDIA's very effective (and still quite unique) metallic GTX Titan cooler is back, this time featuring black lettering and a black tinted window. As such GTX 780 Ti remains a 10.5" long card composed of a cast aluminum housing, a nickel-tipped heatsink, an aluminum baseplate, and a vapor chamber providing heat transfer between the GPU and the heatsink. The end result is the GTX 780 Ti is a quiet card despite the fact that it's a 250W blower design, while still maintaining the solid feel and eye-catching design that NVIDIA has opted for with this generation of cards.
Drilling down, the PCB is also a re-use from GTX 780. It's the same GK110 GPU mounted on the same PCB with the same 6+2 phase power design. This being despite the fact that GTX 780 Ti features faster 7GHz memory, indicating that NVIDIA was able to hit their higher memory speed targets without making any obvious changes to the PCB or memory trace layouts. Meanwhile the reuse of the power delivery subsystem is a reflection of the fact that GTX 780 Ti has the same 250W TDP limit as GTX 780 and GTX Titan, though unlike those two cards GTX 780 Ti will have the least headroom to spare and will come the closest to hitting it, due to the general uptick in power requirements from having 15 active SMXes. Finally, using the same PCB also means that GTX 780 has the same 6pin + 8pin power requirement and the same display I/O configuration of 2x DL-DVI, 1x HDMI, 1x DisplayPort 1.2.
On a final note, for custom cards NVIDIA won't be allowing custom cards right off the bat – everything today will be a reference card – but with NVIDIA's partners having already put together their custom GK110 designs for GTX 780, custom designs for GTX 780 Ti will come very quickly. Consequently, expect most (if not all of them) to be variants of their existing custom GTX 780 designs.
Hands On With NVIDIA's Shadowplay
Though it's technically not part of the GeForce GTX 780 Ti launch, before diving into our typical collection of benchmarks we wanted to spend a bit of time looking at NVIDIA's recently released Shadowplay utility.
Shadowplay was coincidentally enough first announced back at the launch of the GTX 780. Its designed purpose was to offer advanced game recording capabilities beyond what traditional tools like FRAPS could offer by leveraging NVIDIA image capture and video encode hardware. In doing so, Shadowplay would be able to offer similar capabilities with much less overhead, all the while also being able to utilize the NVENC hardware H.264 encoder to encode to space efficient H.264 rather than the bulky uncompressed formats traditional tools offer.
With Shadowplay and NVIDIA's SHIELD streaming capabilities sharing so much of the underlying technology, the original plan was to launch Shadowplay in beta form shortly after SHIELD launched, however Shadowplay ended up being delayed, ultimately not getting its beta release until last week (October 28th). NVIDIA has never offered a full accounting for the delay, but one of the most significant reasons was because they were unsatisfied with their original video container choice, M2TS. M2TS containers, though industry standard and well suited for this use, have limited compatibility, with Windows Media Player in particular being a thorn in NVIDIA's side. As such NVIDIA held back Shadowplay in order to convert it over to using MP4 containers, which have a very high compatibility rate at the cost of requiring some additional work on NVIDIA's part.
In any case with the container issue resolved Shadowplay is finally out in beta, giving us our first chance to try out NVIDIA's game recording utility. To that end while clearly still a beta and in need of further polishing and some feature refinements, at its most basic level we've come away impressed with Shadowplay, with NVIDIA having delivered on all of their earlier core promises for the utility
With regards to functionality, all of Shadowplay's basic functionality is in. The utility offers two recording modes: a manual mode and a shadow mode, the former being self-explanatory while the latter being an always-active rolling buffer of up to 20 minutes that allows saving the buffer after the fact in a DVR-like fashion. Saving the shadow buffer causes the entirety of the buffer to be saved and a new buffer started, while manual mode can be started and stopped as desired.
|Shadowplay Average Bitrates
|High Quality
|Medium Quality
|Low Quality
Next to being able to control the size of the shadow buffer, Shadowplay's other piece of significant flexibility comes through the ability to set the quality (and therefore file size) of the recordings Shadowplay generates. Since Shadowplay uses lossy H.264 the recording bitrates will scale with the quality, with Shadowplay offering 3 quality levels: high (52Mbps), medium (23Mbps), and low (16Mbps). Choosing between the quality levels will depend on the quality needed and what the recording is intended for, due to the large difference in quality and size. High quality is as close as Shadowplay gets to transparent compression, and with its large file sizes is best suited for further processing/transcoding. Otherwise Medium and Low are low enough bitrates that they're reasonably suitable for distribution as-is, however there is a distinct quality tradeoff in using these modes.
Moving on, at this moment while Shadowplay offers a range of quality settings for recording it only offers a single resolution and framerate: 1080p at 60fps. Neither the frame rate nor the resolution is currently adjustable, so whenever you record and despite the resolution you record from, it will be resized to 1920x1080 and recorded at 60fps. This unfortunately is an aspect-ratio unaware resize too, so even non-16:9 resolutions such as 1920x1200 or 2560x1600 will be resized to 1080p. Consequently at this time this is really the only weak point for Shadowplay; while the NVENC encoder undoubtedly presents some limitations, the inability to record at just a lower resolution or in an aspect ratio compliant manner is something we'd like to see NVIDIA expand upon in the final version of the utility.
Finally, let's talk about performance. One of Shadowplay's promises was that the overhead from recording would be very low – after all, it needs to be low enough to make always-on shadow mode viable – and this is another area where the product lives up to NVIDIA's claims. To be sure there's still some performance degradation from enabling Shadowplay, about 5% by our numbers, but this is small enough that it should be tolerable. Furthermore Shadowplay doesn't require capping the framerate like FRAPS does, so it's possible to use Shadowplay and still maintain framerates over 60fps. Though as to be expected, this will introduce some frame skipping in the captured video, since Shadowplay will have to skip some frames to keep within its framerate limitations.
On a related note, we did some digging for a technical answer for why Shadowplay performs as well as it does, and found our answer in an excellent summary of Shadowplay by Alexey Nicolaychuk, the author of RivaTuner and its derivatives (MSI Afterburner and EVGA Precision). As it turns out, although the NVENC video encoder plays a part in that – compressing the resulting video and making the resulting stream much easier to send back to the host and store – that's only part of the story. The rest of Shadowplay's low overhead comes from the fact that NVIDIA also has specific hardware and API support for the fast capture of frames built into Kepler GPUs. This functionality was originally intended to facilitate GRID and game streaming, which can also be utilized for game recording (after all, what is game recording but game streaming to a file instead of another client?).
This functionality is exposed as Frame Buffer Capture (NVFBC) and Inband Frame Readback (NVIFR). NVFBC allows Shadowplay to pull finished frames straight out of the frame buffer directly at a low level, as opposed to having to traverse the graphics APIs at a high level. Meanwhile NVIFR does have operate at a slightly higher level to inject itself into the graphics API, but in doing so it gains the flexibility to capture images from render targets as opposed to just frame buffers. Based on what we're seeing we believe that NVIDIA is using NVFBC for Shadowplay, which would be the lowest overhead option while also explaining why Shadowplay can only capture full screen games and not windowed mode games, as frame buffer capturing is only viable when a game has exclusive control over the frame buffer.
Wrapping things up, it's clear that NVIDIA still has some polishing they can apply to Shadowplay, and while they aren't talking about the final release this soon, as a point of reference it took about 4 months for NVIDIA's SHIELD game streaming component to go from beta to a formal, finished release. In the interim however it's already in a very usable state, and it should be worth keeping an eye on in the future to see what else NVIDIA does to further improve the utility.
The Test
The press drivers for the launch of the GTX 780 Ti are release 331.70, which other than formally adding support for the new card is otherwise identical to the standing 331.65 drivers.
Meanwhile on a housekeeping note, we want to quickly point out that we'll be deviating a bit from our normal protocol and including the 290X results for both normal (quiet) and uber modes. Typically we'd only include results from the default mode in articles such as these, but since we need to cover SLI/Crossfire performance and since we didn't have 290X CF quiet mode results for our initial 290X review, we're throwing in both so that we can compare the GTX 780 Ti to the 290X CF without being inconsistent by suddenly switching to the lower performance quiet mode numbers. Though with that said, for the purposes of our evaluation we will be focusing almost entirely on the quiet mode numbers, given the vast difference in both performance and noise that comes from using it.
|Intel Core i7-4960X @ 4.2GHz
|ASRock Fatal1ty X79 Professional
|Power Supply:
|Corsair AX1200i
|Hard Disk:
|Samsung SSD 840 EVO (750GB)
|G.Skill RipjawZ DDR3-1866 4 x 8GB (9-10-9-26)
|NZXT Phantom 630 Windowed Edition
|Asus PQ321
|Video Cards:
AMD Radeon R9 290X
AMD Radeon R9 290
XFX Radeon R9 280X Double Dissipation
AMD Radeon HD 7990
AMD Radeon HD 7970
NVIDIA GeForce GTX Titan
NVIDIA GeForce GTX 780 Ti
NVIDIA GeForce GTX 780
NVIDIA GeForce GTX 770
|Video Drivers:
NVIDIA Release 331.58 WHQL
NVIDIA Release 331.70 Beta
AMD Catalyst 13.11 Beta v1
AMD Catalyst 13.11 Beta v5
AMD Catalyst 13.11 Beta v8
|Windows 8.1 Pro
Metro: Last Light
As always, kicking off our look at performance is 4A Games' latest entry in their Metro series of subterranean shooters, Metro: Last Light. The original Metro: 2033 was a graphically punishing game for its time and Metro: Last Light is in its own right too. On the other hand it scales well with resolution and quality settings, so it's still playable on lower end hardware.
For the bulk of our analysis we're going to be focusing on our 2560x1440 results, as monitors at this resolution will be what we expect a single GTX 780 Ti to be primarily used with. A single card does have the necessary horsepower to drive a 4K monitor on its own, but only at lower quality settings. Even as powerful as GTX 780 Ti is, a pair of them will be needed to get good framerates out of most games if using 4K at high quality settings.
Looking at our Metro: Last Light results then, it's the start of what's going to be a fairly consistent streak for the GTX 780 Ti. Though it doesn't improve on GTX Titan or GTX 780's gaming performance by leaps and bounds, the additional SMX and increased clockspeeds means that it has little trouble pulling away from those cards and from AMD's 290 series. As a result the GTX 780 Ti beats the GTX Titan by 11%, GTX 780 by 19%, and though it's closer than normal, the lead over the 290X stands at 6%.
To that end in Metro it leads the pack of single-GPU cards, though it does come up just short of being able to average 60 frames per second at 2560. Anything over 60fps will require multiple GPUs; and even then GTX 780 Ti is fast enough that sometimes even a pair of GPUs (GTX 770 SLI) isn't going to be appreciably faster.
Meanwhile looking at GTX 780 Ti SLI performance, the SLI setup tops the charts at 2560 for everything short of the 290X in uber mode, though in this case (like most cases) two high-end GPUs is on the verge of being overkill even at 2560. Otherwise looking at 4K, NVIDIA's poor 4K scaling on Metro once again makes itself present here, with NVIDIA's performance only minimally benefitting from the second card. In the case of Metro at 4K, the 290X CF is going to be by far the faster option.
Company of Heroes 2
Our second benchmark in our benchmark suite is Relic Games' Company of Heroes 2, the developer's World War II Eastern Front themed RTS. For Company of Heroes 2 Relic was kind enough to put together a very strenuous built-in benchmark that was captured from one of the most demanding, snow-bound maps in the game, giving us a great look at CoH2's performance at its worst. Consequently if a card can do well here then it should have no trouble throughout the rest of the game.
Since Company of Heroes 2 is not an AFR friendly game, getting the best performance out of the game requires having the fastest GPU. While the GTX 780 Ti has a clear lead over the 290X across the average of our games, in this specific case it's going to come up short, as AMD's performance with this game is simply too high to be overcome without a significant performance advantage. Conversely this means that GTX 780 Ti and 290X are still close enough that NVIDIA won't be able to sweep every game; in games where AMD still does exceptionally well, they'll be able to close the gap and surpass the GTX 780 Ti.
Meanwhile, looking at a straight-up NVIDIA comparison, the GTX 780 Ti holds a slightly smaller than normal lead over its counterparts. At 5% faster than GTX Titan and 17% faster than GTX 780 it's still the fastest of the cards, but it won't pull ahead in this game by as much as it does elsewhere.
The minimum framerate story is largely the same. GTX 780 Ti is the fastest NVIDIA card, but it will trail the 290X by over 10% in both scenarios.
Bioshock Infinite
Bioshock Infinite is Irrational Games' latest entry in the Bioshock franchise. Though it's based on Unreal Engine 3 – making it our obligatory UE3 game – Irrational had added a number of effects that make the game rather GPU-intensive on its highest settings. As an added bonus it includes a built-in benchmark composed of several scenes, a rarity for UE3 engine games, so we can easily get a good representation of what Bioshock's performance is like.
As opposed to our previous game, with Bioshock the GTX 780 Ti comes out at a very strong contender, easily surpassing everything AMD and NVIDIA. Here we see it best AMD's best by 18%, and against GTX Titan and GTX 780 it's 7% and 20% ahead respectively. Though admittedly everything here is averaging better than 60fps at this point.
Meanwhile for the AFR matchup, with a pair of GTX 780 Ti's we're either looking framerates that will make a 120Hz gamer happy, or enough horsepower to take on 4K at our highest settings and still come out well ahead. At 57.3fps the GTX 780 Ti is several frames per second ahead of the 290X CF, coming up just short of averaging 60fps even at this very high resolution.
Battlefield 3
Our major multiplayer action game of our benchmark suite is Battlefield 3, DICE's 2011 multiplayer military shooter. Its ability to pose a significant challenge to GPUs has been dulled some by time and drivers, but it's still a challenge if you want to hit the highest settings at the highest resolutions at the highest anti-aliasing levels. Furthermore while we can crack 60fps in single player mode, our rule of thumb here is that multiplayer framerates will dip to half our single player framerates, so hitting high framerates here may not be high enough.
BF3 is another strong title for NVIDIA and the GTX 780 Ti. The performance advantage for the GTX 780 Ti over its GK110 siblings stands at a rather typical 9% for GTX Titan and 20% for GTX 780, with an absolute framerate well above 60fps and ultimately approaching 80fps. Otherwise against the 290X this is consistently one of the best games for NVIDIA, so it comes as no surprise that the GTX 780 Ti does very well against the 290X here, beating it by a substantial 23%.
Moving on to SLI performance, the GTX 780 SLI is once again a chart topper. Even 3840x2160 and with Ultra quality, the GTX 780 Ti still more than enough to deliver more than 60fps, making this a fully playable resolution with minimum framerates that should easily be over 30fps.
Crysis 3
Still one of our most punishing benchmarks, Crysis 3 needs no introduction. With Crysis 3, Crytek has gone back to trying to kill computers and still holds "most punishing shooter" title in our benchmark suite. Only in a handful of setups can we even run Crysis 3 at its highest (Very High) settings, and that's still without AA. Crysis 1 was an excellent template for the kind of performance required to drive games for the next few years, and Crysis 3 looks to be much the same for 2013.
Crysis 3 is another strong title for NVIDIA, leading to GTX 780 Ti easily taking the top spot at 2560 for single-GPU setups. At 62.4fps it's the first and only card fast enough to deliver better than 60fps despite Crysis 3's punishing rendering workload, and in the process outperforms the 290X by about 20%. Even 7990, the closest thing to single-card competition for the GTX 780 Ti, is still only less than 2fps ahead.
Meanwhile throwing on another GTX 780 Ti will further improve performance here, though with shaky results for NVIDIA. At 2560 this is enough to crack 100fps, but at a 4K NVIDIA's SLI scaling starts coming up short. The difference in scaling becomes so great that the 290X closes the gap and then some, leading to the 290X CF taking the lead. Given the fact that the GTX 780 Ti SLI is largely overkill for anything but these high resolutions, this weaker scaling undercuts the practicality of going with a GTX 780's Ti SLI in these situations.
Crysis: Warhead
Up next is our legacy title for 2013/2014, Crysis: Warhead. The stand-alone expansion to 2007's Crysis, at over 5 years old Crysis: Warhead can still beat most systems down. Crysis was intended to be future-looking as far as performance and visual quality goes, and it has clearly achieved that. We've only finally reached the point where single-GPU cards have come out that can hit 60fps at 1920 with 4xAA, never mind 2560 and beyond.
Whereas Battlefield 3 is a game that traditionally favors NVIDIA, Crysis: Warhead has generally favored AMD in this generation, leading to an uphill battle for NVIDIA. 290X was able to beat GTX Titan here at 2560, but with the additional performance offered by the GTX 780 Ti NVIDIA is once again at the top, though only by a margin of under 2fps (or 2%). Otherwise compared to NVIDIA's other cards, Crysis: Warhead is another consistent game for GTX 780 Ti, with NVIDIA's latest card beating GTX Titan and GTX 780 by 9% and 18% respectively.
Moving on, even when we double up on cards the GTX 780 Ti and 290X remain close. At 2560 it's a virtual tie at 87fps apiece, while at 4K the GTX 780 Ti SLI takes a slight lead.
As for our minimum framerates under Crysis: Warhead, NVIDIA does end up breaking the deadlock here with a slight performance advantage for the GTX 780 Ti, beating the 290X by several percent, pushing its minimum framerate above 40fps.
Total War: Rome 2
The second strategy game in our benchmark suite, Total War: Rome 2 is the latest game in the Total War franchise. Total War games have traditionally been a mix of CPU and GPU bottlenecks, so it takes a good system on both ends of the equation to do well here. In this case the game comes with a built-in benchmark that plays out over a forested area with a large number of units, definitely stressing the GPU in particular.
For this game in particular we've also gone and turned down the shadows to medium. Rome's shadows are extremely CPU intensive (as opposed to GPU intensive), so this keeps us from CPU bottlenecking nearly as easily.
Total War: Rome 2 is another AFR-unfriendly game, and consequently a game where the fastest single-GPU setup is going to be the fastest setup overall. To that end the GTX 780 Ti once again wins at 2560, beating the 290X by 17% and coming up a fraction of a frame short of averaging 50fps. In this case Rome has something of an appetite for memory bandwidth, playing well into the GTX 780 Ti's design due to the upgrade to 7GHz GDDR5. Consequently the GTX 780 also takes a larger than normal lead over the GTX Titan and GTX 780, beating the two cards by 11% and 24% respectively.
Hitman: Absolution
The second-to-last game in our lineup is Hitman: Absolution. The latest game in Square Enix's stealth-action series, Hitman: Absolution is a DirectX 11 based title that though a bit heavy on the CPU, can give most GPUs a run for their money. Furthermore it has a built-in benchmark, which gives it a level of standardization that fewer and fewer benchmarks possess.
On a competitive basis Hitman: Absolution ends up being the second and last title where the GTX 780 Ti just doesn't have enough performance to overcome AMD's lead. Compared to where we were 2 weeks ago the GTX 780 Ti significantly cuts into the 290X's lead, but in the end it'll come up 3% behind. Though as with Bioshock we're admittedly looking at another scenario where everyone is already past 60fps, so the absolute performance difference is somewhat academic.
As for our multi-GPU setups at 4K the story is much the same. Both 290X CF and GTX 780 Ti SLI get above 60fps, but it's 290X CF that takes the top spot.
Looking briefly at our minimum framerates, as we're approaching a CPU limited scenario we have a mix of results. Despite losing on averages, the GTX 780 Ti wins on minimums by 2fps, bottoming out at 64fps and making it the first GK110 card to offer a minimum over 60fps. On the other hand if we scale up to 4K and multi-GPU setups, the GTX 780 Ti SLI will clearly come up short versus the 290X CF, with the latter being the only setup to break 60fps there.
The final game in our benchmark suite is also our racing entry, Codemasters' GRID 2. Codemasters continues to set the bar for graphical fidelity in racing games, and with GRID 2 they've gone back to racing on the pavement, bringing to life cities and highways alike. Based on their in-house EGO engine, GRID 2 includes a DirectCompute based advanced lighting system in its highest quality settings, which incurs a significant performance penalty but does a good job of emulating more realistic lighting within the game world.
When it comes to GRID even cranking up the game's quality settings to maximum hardly does anything to slow down our cards. At 90fps the GTX 780 Ti once again takes the top spot while delivering an extremely high framerate. This ultimately puts the GTX 780 Ti ahead of the 290X by 13%, while also beating the other GK110 cards by a bit more than average at 11% for GTX Titan and 23% for GTX 780.
Otherwise, moving on to 4K and multi-GPU setups, NVIDIA's limited scaling once more becomes an issue. At 50fps for a single GTX 780 Ti NVIDIA starts off well enough, but we still need a second GPU to get above 60fps. And though GTX 780 Ti SLI will get us there, 290X CF and AMD's superior scaling will get AMD there with room to spare.
As always we'll also take a quick look at synthetic performance, though as GTX 780 is just another GK110 card, there shouldn't be any surprises here.
As expected, firing up the 15th SMX and slightly increasing their clockspeed has further cemented NVIDIA's hold on tessellation performnace.
Moving on, we have our 3DMark Vantage texture and pixel fillrate tests, which present our cards with massive amounts of texturing and color blending work. These aren't results we suggest comparing across different vendors, but they're good for tracking improvements and changes within a single product family.
Similarly, both texel and pixel fillrates as seen by 3DMark Vantage have increased. For texel fillrates the biggest benefit is the 15th SMX, while the pixel fillrates benefit from a mix of the higher GPU clockspeed and the increased memory bandwidth, further improving the peak performance of NVIDIA's render backend.
Jumping into compute, we're entering the one area where GTX 780 Ti's rule won't be nearly as absolute. Among NVIDIA cards its single precision performance will be unchallenged, but the artificial double precision performance limitation as compared to the compute-focused GTX Titan means that GTX 780 Ti will still lose to GTX Titan whenever double precision comes into play. Alternatively, GTX 780 Ti still has to deal with the fact that AMD's cards have shown themselves to be far more competitive in our selection of compute benchmarks.
As always we'll start with our DirectCompute game example, Civilization V, which uses DirectCompute to decompress textures on the fly. Civ V includes a sub-benchmark that exclusively tests the speed of their texture decompression algorithm by repeatedly decompressing the textures required for one of the game's leader scenes. While DirectCompute is used in many games, this is one of the only games with a benchmark that can isolate the use of DirectCompute and its resulting performance.
Even though we're largely CPU bound by this point, GTX 780 Ti manages to get a bit more out of Civilization V's texture decode routine, pushing it to the top of the charts and ahead of both GTX Titan and 290X.
Our next benchmark is LuxMark2.0, the official benchmark of SmallLuxGPU 2.0. SmallLuxGPU is an OpenCL accelerated ray tracer that is part of the larger LuxRender suite. Ray tracing has become a stronghold for GPUs in recent years as ray tracing maps well to GPU pipelines, allowing artists to render scenes much more quickly than with CPUs alone.
With LuxMark NVIDIA's ray tracing performance sees further improvements due to the additional compute resources at hand. But NVIDIA still doesn't fare well here, with the GTX 780 Ti falling behind all of our AMD cards in this test.
Our 3rd compute benchmark is Sony Vegas Pro 12, an OpenGL and OpenCL video editing and authoring package. Vegas can use GPUs in a few different ways, the primary uses being to accelerate the video effects and compositing process itself, and in the video encoding step. With video encoding being increasingly offloaded to dedicated DSPs these days we're focusing on the editing and compositing process, rendering to a low CPU overhead format (XDCAM EX). This specific test comes from Sony, and measures how long it takes to render a video.
Like LuxMark, GTX 780 Ti once again improves on its predecessors. But it's not enough to make up for AMD's innate performance advantage in this benchmark, leading to GTX 780 Ti trailing all of the AMD cards.
Our 4th benchmark set comes from CLBenchmark 1.1. CLBenchmark contains a number of subtests; we're focusing on the most practical of them, the computer vision test and the fluid simulation test. The former being a useful proxy for computer imaging tasks where systems are required to parse images and identify features (e.g. humans), while fluid simulations are common in professional graphics work and games alike.
CLBenchmark continues to be the same story. GTX 780 Ti improves on NVIDIA's performance to become their fastest single precision card, but it still falls short of every AMD card in these tests.
Moving on, our 5th compute benchmark is FAHBench, the official Folding @ Home benchmark. Folding @ Home is the popular Stanford-backed research and distributed computing initiative that has work distributed to millions of volunteer computers over the internet, each of which is responsible for a tiny slice of a protein folding simulation. FAHBench can test both single precision and double precision floating point performance, with single precision being the most useful metric for most consumer cards due to their low double precision performance. Each precision has two modes, explicit and implicit, the difference being whether water atoms are included in the simulation, which adds quite a bit of work and overhead. This is another OpenCL test, as Folding @ Home has moved exclusively to OpenCL this year with FAHCore 17.
Finally with Folding@Home we see the GTX 780 Ti once again take the top spot. In the single precision tests the GTX 780 further extends NVIDIA's lead, beating GTX Titan by anywhere between a few percent to over ten percent depending on which specific test we're looking at. However even with GTX 780 Ti's general performance increase, in the double precision test it won't overcome the innate double precision performance deficit it faces versus GTX Titan. When it comes to double precision compute, Titan remains king.
Wrapping things up, our final compute benchmark is an in-house project developed by our very own Dr. Ian Cutress. SystemCompute is our first C++ AMP benchmark, utilizing Microsoft's simple C++ extensions to allow the easy use of GPU computing in C++ programs. SystemCompute in turn is a collection of benchmarks for several different fundamental compute algorithms, as described in this previous article, with the final score represented in points. DirectCompute is the compute backend for C++ AMP on Windows, so this forms our other DirectCompute test.
Last, in our C++ AMP benchmark we see the GTX 780 Ti take the top spot for an NVIDIA card, but like so many of our earlier compute tests it will come up short versus AMD's best cards. This isn't quite as lopsided as some of our other tests, however GTX 780 Ti is stuck competing with the 280X while the 290 and 290X easily outperform NVIDIA's new flagship.
Power, Temperature, & Noise
As always, last but not least is our look at power, temperature, and noise. Next to price and performance of course, these are some of the most important aspects of a GPU, due in large part to the impact of noise. All things considered, a loud card is undesirable unless there's a sufficiently good reason – or sufficiently good performance – to ignore the noise.
|GeForce GTX 780 Series Voltages
|GTX 780 Ti Boost Voltage
|GTX 780 Boost Voltage
|GTX 780 Ti Base Voltage
Taking a quick look at voltages, we find that our GTX 780 Ti operates at a slightly higher voltage at its maximum boost bin than the original GTX 780 did. The difference is minor, but the additional voltage may be necessary to hit the slightly higher clockspeeds GTX 780 Ti operates at relative to GTX Titan and GTX 780.
|GeForce GTX 780 Ti Average Clockspeeds
|Max Boost Clock
|Metro: LL
|Battlefield 3
|Crysis 3
|Crysis: Warhead
|TW: Rome 2
Moving on to clockspeeds, we find that the GTX 780 Ti does very well when it comes to boosting. With a maximum boost clock of 1020MHz, we have 2 benchmarks averaging 1000MHz, and another 4 averaging 980MHz or better.
With all of our GK110 cards sharing a common design, at idle there's very little to differentiate them. Other than GTX Titan's extra 3GB of VRAM, we're essentially looking at identical cards when idling.
Moving on to load power, we can see the power/heat ramifications of the slight clockspeed increase coupled with the activation of the 15th SMX. Even with the further optimizations NVIDIA has put into the new revision of GK110, power consumption has gone up in accordance with the higher performance of the card, just as we'd expect. Since NVIDIA doesn't notably alter their power efficiency here, that increased performance has to come at the cost of increased power consumption. Though in this benchmark it's worth pointing out that we're measuring from the wall and that GTX 780 Ti outperforms GTX Titan by 8%, so some of that 29W power difference will come from the higher CPU load caused by the increased framerates.
As for the GTX 780 Ti SLI, here we see power level off at 556W, 20W more than the GTX 780 SLI. Some (if not most) of that is going to be explained by the increased CPU power consumption from the GTX 780 Ti SLI's higher framerates. Coupled with that is the fact that in SLI setups these cards get hotter, and hence have to downclock a bit more to maintain equilibrium, which helps to offset the increased power requirements of GTX 780 Ti and keep the SLI results so close to the GTX 780 SLI results.
Switching over to FurMark, we find that power consumption is also up, but only slightly. With GPU Boost 2.0 clamping down on power consumption all of our GK110 cards should be clamped at 250W here, and with a difference between GTX 780 and GTX 780 Ti of under 10W, that's exactly what appears to be happening here.
On a side note, it's interesting to note here that under FurMark we're seeing the GTX 780 Ti draw more power than the Radeon R9 290X. Despite the fact that the 290X has a higher rated TDP, in the card's default quiet mode the card can't actually dissipate as much heat (and thereby consume as much power) as the GTX 780 Ti can.
For idle temperatures we're once again looking at cards that are for all intents and purposes identical. At 30C the GTX 780 Ti easily stays nice and cool.
As we mentioned in our look at the GTX 780 Ti hardware, NVIDIA has increased their default temperature throttle point from 80C on the GTX Titan/780 to 83C on the GTX 780 Ti. The end result is that in all of our temperature limited tests the GTX 780 Ti will peak at 83C-84C, whereas the older GK110 cards will peak at 80C-81C.
FurMark reiterates what we saw with Crysis 3. The temps are up a bit across the board, while the GK110 cards are holding near their throttle points. The SLI setups meanwhile approach the upper-80s at 88C, reflecting the fact that even with blowers, there's some impact on neighboring cards in high load situations.
Our last idle scenario, we once again see all of our GK110 cards performing similarly, with idle noise levels in the 38dB-39dB range.
Moving on to our gaming load noise results, we can see the full repercussions of the GTX 780 Ti's higher average power consumption coupled with the card's higher temperature throttle point. Moving the throttle point along the same curve has the end result of moving higher the equilibrium point and thereby the card's operating noise levels. As the fastest single-GPU card on this card, the GTX 780 Ti is still doing very well for itself and for a blower based design at 51.7dB, though at 1.5dB louder than GTX Titan and 4.2dB louder than GTX 780 the noise tradeoff for the card's higher performance is very clear. Meanwhile the fact that it's tied with the GTX 780 SLI comes with its own bit of irony.
Speaking of the GTX 780 SLI, we can see the noise impact of SLI configurations too. The GTX 780 Ti SLI levels out at 53.7dB, 2dB louder than our single-card configuration and 2dB louder than the GTX 780 SLI. At this point it's just a bit louder than the 290X and quieter than a number of other 290 series setups.
Finally with load noise levels under FurMark we can see where our various cards will peak at for noise levels. The GTX 780 Ti creeps up to 52.3dB, essentially tying with the GTX 780 and GTX Titan. Otherwise it comes in just behind the 290X, and the start of the pack for our multi-GPU setups.
As for the GTX 780 Ti SLI, like our single-card comparison points its up slightly as compared to the GTX 780 SLI.
Overall, our look at power, temperatures, and noise has been a rather straightforward validation of our earlier suspicions. GTX 780 Ti's higher performance leads to higher power consumption, and will all other factors being held equal – including the cooler – power, temps, and noise levels all rise a bit as compared to GTX Titan and GTX 780. There's no such thing as a free lunch here, and while GPU Boost 2.0 will keep the maximum levels suitably in check, on average GTX 780 Ti is going to be a bit worse than the other GK110 cards due to those factors. Though even with the increased noise levels in particular, GTX 780 Ti is still able to outperform 290X on noise while also delivering better gaming performance, which makes this another tidy victory for NVIDIA.
Finally, let's spend a bit of time looking at the overclocking prospects for the GTX 780 Ti. Although GTX 780 Ti is now the fastest GK110 part, based on what we've seen with GTX 780 and GTX Titan there should still be some headroom to play with. Meanwhile there will also be the matter of memory overclocking, as 7GHz GDDR5 on a 384-bit bus presents us with a new baseline that we haven't seen before.
|GeForce GTX 780 Ti Overclocking
|Core Clock
|Boost Clock
|Max Boost Clock
|Memory Clock
|Max Voltage
Overall our overclock for the GTX 780 Ti is a bit on the low side compared to the other GTX 780 cards we've seen in the past, but not immensely so. With a GPU overclock of 150MHz, we're able to push the base clock and maximum boost clocks ahead by 17% and 14% respectively, which should further extend NVIDIA's performance lead by a similar amount.
Meanwhile the inability to unlock a higher boost bin through overvolting is somewhat disappointing, as this is the first time we've seen this happen. To be clear here GTX 780 Ti does support overvolting – our card offers up to another 75mV of voltage – however on closer examination our card doesn't have a higher bin within reach; 75mV isn't enough to reach the next validated bin. Apparently this is something that can happen with the way NVIDIA bins their chips and implements overvolting, though this the first time we've seen a card actually suffer from this. The end result is that it limits our ability to boost at the highest bins, as we'd normally have a bin or two unlocked to further increase the maximum boost clock.
As for memory overclocking, we were able to squeeze out a bit more out of our 7GHz GDDR5, pushing our memory clock 600MHz (9%) higher to 7.6GHz. Memory overclocking is always something of a roll of the dice, so it's not clear here whether this is average or not for a GK110 setup with 7GHz GDDR5. Given the general drawbacks of a wider memory bus we wouldn't be surprised if this was average, but at the same time in practice GK110 cards haven't shown themselves to be as memory bandwidth limited as GK104 cards. So 9%, though a smaller gain than what we've seen on other cards, should still provide GTX 780 Ti with enough to keep the overclocked GPU well fed.
Starting as always with power, temperatures, and noise, we can see that overclocking GTX 780 Ti further increases its power consumption, and to roughly the same degree as what we've seen with GTX 780 and GTX Titan in the past. With a maximum TDP of just 106% (265W) the change isn't so much that the card's power limit has been significantly lifted – as indicated by FurMark – but rather raising the temperature limit virtually eliminates temperature throttling and as such allows the card to more frequently stay at its highest, most power hungry boost bins.
Despite the 95C temperature target we use for overclocking, the GTX 780 Ti finds its new equilibrium point at 85C. The fan will ramp up long before it allows us to get into the 90s.
Given the power jump we saw with Crysis 3 the noise ramp up is surprisingly decent. A 3dB rise in noise is going to be noticeable, but even in these overclocked conditions it will avoid being an ear splitting change. To that end overclocking means we're getting off of GK110's standard noise efficiency curve just as it does for power, so the cost will almost always outpace the payoff on a relative basis.
Finally, looking at gaming performance the the overall performance gains for overclocking are generally consistent. Between our 6 games we see a 10-14% performance increase, all in excess of the memory overclock and closely tracking the GPU overclock. GTX 780 Ti is already the fastest single-GPU card, so this only further improves its performance lead. But it does so while cutting into whatever is above it, be it the games where the stock 290X has a lead, or multi-GPU setups such as the 7990.
Final Words
Bringing this review to a close, after having seen NVIDIA upstage themselves a couple of times this year already with GK110, it's admittedly getting a bit harder each time to write about NVIDIA's flagship GPU. NVIDIA won't break significant new ground just by refreshing GK110, but gradual performance increases in conjunction with periodic price drops have kept the market fresh while making NVIDIA's high-end cards a bit faster and a bit cheaper each time. So in that respect we're enthusiastic about seeing NVIDIA finally release a fully enabled GK110 GeForce card and the performance improvements it brings.
With that in mind, with the release of the GeForce GTX 780 Ti NVIDIA is once more left solidly in control of the single-GPU performance crown. It won't quite get to claim a massive performance advantage over its closest competitors, but at the end of the day it's going to be faster than any other single-GPU card out there. This will break down to being 11% faster than Radeon R9 290X, 9% faster than GTX Titan, and a full 20% faster than the original GTX 780 that it formally replaces.
To that end, while NVIDIA can still charge top dollar for their flagship card it's a sign of the times and of the competition that they released their fully enabled GK110 part as a cheaper GTX 780 series card. At $700 it's by no means cheap – and this has and always will be the drawback to NVIDIA's flagships so long as NVIDIA can hold the lead – but it also means that NVIDIA does need to take AMD's Radeon R9 290 series into account. As such the 290X and the GTX 780, though lesser performing parts, will remain as spoilers for GTX 780 Ti due to their better balance of performance and pricing. All the while GTX 780 Ti stands at the top of the heap for those who want the best.
Meanwhile we bid au revoir to the original GK110 GeForce card, GTX Titan. Though GTX Titan will still be on the market as an entry level compute card, it is finally dethroned as the fastest single-GPU gaming card in NVIDIA's lineup. At least for the time being GTX Titan is still very secure in its place in the market as a compute card, and so there it will continue, a position that reflects the fact that there's little need for NVIDIA to keep their gaming and compute products commingled together as a single product. Though we wouldn't be the least bit surprised if NVIDIA made additional prosumer products of this nature in the future, as GTX Titan clearly worked out well for the company.
And though GTX Titan is falling off of our radar, we're glad to see that NVIDIA has kept around Titan's second most endearing design element, the Titan cooler. We won't hazard to guess just how much it costs NVIDIA over a cheaper design (or what it adds to the final price tag), but with GTX 780 Ti NVIDIA has once again proven just how capable the cooler is when paired with GK110. Even with the slightly higher power consumption of GTX 780 Ti versus the cards that have come before it, thanks to that cooler GTX 780 Ti still hits an excellent sweet spot between performance and noise, offering the flexibility and simplicity of a blower without the noise that has traditionally accompanied such a cooler. And all the while still delivering more than enough performance to hold on to the performance crown.
Finally, let's talk about SLI for a moment. Much like GTX Titan before it, GTX 780 Ti is so fast that it's almost more than enough on its own for any standard single-monitor resolution. Even 2560x1440 with high settings isn't enough to bog down GTX 780 Ti in most games, which makes a pair of GTX 780 Tis in SLI overkill by any definition. Properly using that much power requires multiple monitors, be it an Eyefinity/Surround setup, or more recently a tiled 4K monitor.
In either scenario a GTX 780 Ti is going to be a solid performer for those segments, but NVIDIA is going to have to deal with the fact that their performance advantage is going to melt away with the resolution increase. Right now a single GTX 780 Ti has a solid lead over a single 290X, but a pair of GTX 780 Tis is going to tie with a pair of cheaper 290Xs at 4K resolutions. And with 290X's frame pacing under control NVIDIA no longer has that advantage to help build their case. GTX 780 Ti still has other advantages – power and noise in particular – but it does mean we're in an interesting situation where NVIDIA can claim the single-GPU performance crown while the crown for the dual-GPU victor remains up for grabs. It's still very early in the game for 4K and NVIDIA isn't under any great pressure, but it will be an area of improvement for the next generation when Maxwell arrives in 2014.


text:
2 days 'til it comes out on the PS3.
So I thought I'd better post the newest update (well, it has the new PV's)
Livetune feat. Hatsune Miku "Tell Your World" -Project Diva F PV [PS3]
The full post
I don't have a PS3, but luckily it's also coming out as DLC for the PSVita so I'll be getting it for that. Anyone else getting it?


text:
Friday Jan 28 2011
Gaines, Allard, Campanale seen as early frontrunners in Assembly race
By: Gus Thomson, Journal Staff Writer
With seven Republicans and one Democrat in the running, the District 4 Assembly special election is turning into a horse race – with plenty of jockeying for position out of the starting gate. Just who is out in front in the early going, however, is getting some debate. Seasoned politico John Allard of Roseville has built up a six-figure campaign war chest, according to a spokesman. And his list of endorsements includes some high-profile Republicans. Beth Gaines can depend on the name recognition and political clout of her husband, newly elected state Sen. Ted Gaines, R-Roseville, to rein in a block of votes. Democrat Dennis Campanale can count on his own party base and name recognition from the November Assembly District 4 election, when he polled 37 percent of the vote against Ted Gaines. Ted Gaines won both the District 4 election in November and the state Senate District 1 election Jan. 4. But the Assembly District 4 seat has remained vacant since he took office in the Senate this month, establishing the need for a special election. Eight candidates have filed for the March 8 vote. There's the strong likelihood of a run-off between the two top finishers May 3 if no one can woo and win a majority of the District 4 vote. Veteran political observer Wally Reemelin, president of the League of Placer County Taxpayers, said he sees Allard – a Roseville City Councilman – as an early frontrunner, with Beth Gaines holding the potential to "squeak in" on her husband's name recognition. Reemelin said Allard's key endorsements from National Tax Limitation Committee President Lew Uhler and several elected officials give him front-runner status. Allard also served on state legislator Tim Leslie's staff for more than a decade, he said. "He's got the most political savvy," Reemelin said. Beth Gaines' candidacy is hampered by her husband's decision to make a dual run for office that will cost taxpayer's millions of dollars in special-election costs, Reemelin said. Reemelin said the Gaines political connections will provide money and support but questions remain about Beth Gaines' lack of background in politics and her ability to serve in the state Legislature. "If people just consider the sound bites and don't look at her background, she could squeak in," Reemelin said. And Campanale – given the recent election of Democrat Jack Duran as Placer County supervisor representing Roseville – does have a chance as a Democratic Party candidate who has not held office and doesn't have a track record., Reemelin said. "The county is changing and there are more independent voters," Reemelin said. "It's a possibility." Auburn business owner Michael Babich, who decided last week not to run in the special election, views the election as a short campaign with a projected low turnout that will give candidates who tell their story best an advantage. Babich noted that fellow Republicans in District 4 are already at loggerheads, with the El Dorado County GOP Assembly voting to endorse Gaines and its Placer County counterpart supporting Allard. "If they're not careful, you may end up with a Democrat in the Top 2," he said. "You can expect the Republican to win in the runoff but there's still a concern that there are a lot of independents and if they're ticked off, they're energized." "If the Democrats get their act together we could be in for a fight," Babich said. Campanale said he's concerned about low voter turnout having an impact, with projections that just 12 to 15 percent of the possible vote will be cast. "It's between Gaines and Allard on the Republican ticket and I'm hoping decline-to-state voters will come out in my favor," Campanale said. Allard has a solid base of support but Gaines will carve some of that away and Cheryl Bly-Chester, a Placer County Republican Central Committee member, could also find support there, he said. Bly-Chester said she sees Allard as the front-runner but because any voter can vote for any candidate – and an ever-widening group of decline-to-state voters – the Roseville City Council member may not have positioned his campaign for the special election. With a tight time frame and a diverse field of candidates, voters should be looking at qualifications and it's up to candidates to get that word out, Bly-Chester said. "It makes it a name-recognition game and it's up to us to get our names out there," she said. "We'll see who can come from behind from that." Gaines said she feels that she's starting off as a front-runner, with credibility as a businesswoman who understands the needs of District 4, particularly for jobs and business growth. "I've worked in the trenches for grassroots conservative organizations and charitable groups," Gaines said. "They know me and I know them. I'm very engaged in the district." Allard campaign manager Matt Rexroad said that his candidate is "more like Ted Gaines than Beth Gaines, in terms of service to the community." "She does start with an advantage – she will attract a lot of attention due to the last name of her husband," Rexroad said. "We feel that John is by far the most qualified for the assembly." Bogdan Ambrozewicz, a Greenwood resident, is a newcomer to running for office. But the six-time Western States 100 ultramarathoner and former Meadow Vista resident, said he'll rely on name recognition from his work in the building and fitness fields industry. "I've been hit hard by the economy and know what pain is," Ambrozewicz said. But he also said he's running in reaction to Beth Gaines' candidacy. "Beth Gaines is not entitled to the seat – if she was gung-ho about politics she should have been involved throughout her life," he said. "You just can't plug your wife in there because you're the husband. That's what sent me over the top." Also running for District 4 are police officer Rob Matthews of Roseville, retired personnel manager Michael O'Connor of Lincoln, and attorney Matt Williams of South Lake Tahoe.