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T3, or triiodothyronine, is one of the two circulating Thyroid Hormones and is the more metabolically active one (relative to T4). Used as therapy for hypothyroidics, T3 may hold some promise as being a short-term fat burner and cognitive enhancer vicariously through the effects of thyroid hormones.
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T3 is one of the two biologically active Thyroid Hormones, the other being T4. T3 is seen as more potent although less prominent in the body, and T4 can act as a reservoir of potential T3, to be converted into the more potent form through a class of enzymes known as deiodinases.
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Triiodothyronine, Liothyronine
Thyroxine (T4)
Overdosing of T3 and/or T4 can lead to symptoms of hyperthyroidism, which range far wider than just the Metabolic Rate. Caution should be taken in not overdosing T3/T4 in either acute dosage or duration.
Examine.com Medical DisclaimerStudies done in humans with T3 supplementation have been done with ranging dosages of 40mcg daily up to 150mcg daily.
Doses tend to be taken every 8 hours, which ends up being three times daily in even intervals.
The related compound T4, when taken fasted rather than during meals, may result in higher blood levels of T4 and less of a spike in TSH.[1] Additionally, taking a dose before bed seems to cause a greater increase relative to a dose before meals.[2] One study does note that despite these higher C^max values, that overall there really isn't a huge difference in treatment.[3]
T3 and T4, as mentioned in this study[4] which references the 1999 publication of the British National Formulary[5] states that 10mcg of T3 (as linthyronine) is bioequivalnet to 50mcg T4 (as levothyroxine).
The fat loss effects of T3 supplementation appear to be more effective than T4 supplementation at weight loss, although studied in hypothyroidics and dosed in accordance to TSH levels, at an average dose of 0.57mcg/kg bodyweight.[6]
The combination of T3/T4 (in which 50mcg of T4 was exchanged for 10mcg T3) in comparison to straight T4 supplementation had no significant differences in term of subjective well-being and treatment of hypothyroidism.[4] and similar lack of results seen with a higher dose substitution[7][8] and lower doses.[9][10][11] These results are in contrast to an earlier study which showed benefit substituting 50mcg T4 for 12.5mcg T3[12] which appears to stand alone.
T3 (or more specifically, thyroid hormones in general) are investigated for their interactions with fat mass since, in survey research, thyroid activity may be related to fat mass and BMI.
Some studies suggest a correlation[13] whereas other suggest it does not exist for those with normal thyroid function.[14] It is a contest field, as some studies do exist that suggest a relation even in those with normal thyroid function[15][16][17]. These discrepancies may be due to the highly variable 'normal range' of thyroid hormones.
In fasting women, T3 supplementation at 20mcg four times daily acts to preserve a drop in serum T3 levels. In a fed state, this study reported levels of 3.34+/-0.23 nmol/L, which dropped to 0.64+/-0.04nmol/L after a week of fasting but were preserved at 2.9+/-0.3nmol/L.[18] Although both groups experienced a 13% drop in Metabolic Rate after one week, the T3 group experienced a 5% increase in the second week where control continued to drop.[18] Another study done with 40mcg daily found greater losses in BMI in the groups with T3 supplementation.[19]
In a study on a drastically caloric reduced diet (200kcal) in mordibly obese persons, T3 supplementation at 150mcg was able to preserve the rate of weight loss after two weeks where control had an attenuation in the rate of weight loss.[20]
One study found that the increased rate of weight loss was equivalent to 92g bodyweight per day, although it did not say what this tissue was.[21]
A recent rat study found that the increased expression of thyroid-hormone receptor beta (T3's receptor) that is increased during caloric restriction is not abolished by T3 supplementation[22] and that T3 supplementation lead to increased Leptin gene expression; although circulating leptin levels and overall fat mass were unaffected. Higher doses of T3 (25mcg per 100g rat bodyweight) suppress expression of these genes.[23]
Overall, the data seem to suggest that T3 does not necessarily spike metabolic rate but that it minimizes a decline seen in metabolic rate due to prolonged caloric restriction. The studies available are done mostly on obese persons though, and there is a lack of data on normal weight people on hypocaloric diet regimens.
In obese subjects, a reduction in urinary nitrogen has been reported with T3 supplementation, and was additive to fasting's reduction in urinary nitrogen; suggesting a muscle preserving effect.[24] These results have been replicated a short-term metabolic ward study at 100mcg daily, in four divided dosages.[25]
However, at least one study has noted an increase in urinary nitrogen after four weeks usage, in doses ranging from 0.36-1.01mcg/kg bodyweight.[21]
Thyroid hormone status is correlated with cognition, and a lower level of thyroid hormones is related to depressive-like symptoms.[26]
As mentioned in the 'conjunction' section, 15mcg of T3 substitute for T4 does not appear to be any different from T4 in this regard.[9]
(Common phrases used by users for this page include t3 a cognitive enhancer, suggested daily t3, max dose t3 in women, liothyronine 5 mc, effect of triiodothyronine, can i take triiodothyronine with other supplements)
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PEP draws a line in the sand
PUBLISHED: 01 Feb 2010 15:05:42 | UPDATED: 02 Feb 2010 07:54:13PRINT EDITION: 01 Feb 2010Pacific Equity Partners has given the remaining Energy Developments shareholders one last chance and made its offer final, signalling the end of a two-year saga.
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Bible Reference
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Produced by the Department of Cultural Affairs & Special Events
Programmed by the Jazz Institute of Chicago
Known for its artistic creativity, the Chicago Jazz Festival is a favorite Labor Day Weekend tradition. It promotes awareness and appreciation for all forms of jazz through free, quality live musical performance. Since 1979, the festival's mission is to showcase Chicago's vast jazz talent alongside national and international artists to encourage and educate a jazz audience of all ages.
The Chicago Jazz Festival microsite, provides bios, schedules and more. Access the full Chicago Jazz Festival site and schedule here.
Chicago Jazz Festival: Neighborhood Nights
Click here for a complete schedule of the CJF's Neighborhood Nights Series.
All events take place at The Chicago Cultural Center, 78 E. Washington, unless otherwise noted.
Randolph Cafe
Noon Chris Foreman Trio
1:30 Erwin Helfer/John Brumbach Duo
Claudia Cassidy Theater
12:15 Keefe Jackson's Likely So
1:45 David Boykin Expanse
3:15 What Is This Thing Called Jazz: Featuring the Juli Wood Trio & Chicago Calling, with commentary by Mwata Bowden
Preston Bradley Hall
12:30 Paulinho Garcia Quintet
2:00 Judy Roberts/Greg Fishman Duo
Roosevelt University - Ganz Hall
4:00 SUN RA PANEL DISCUSSION with John Swzed, Marshall Allen, Art Hoyle, John Corbett, moderated by William Faber
Millennium Park - Jay Pritzker Pavillion
6:30 Homage to Nelson Mandela: Ernest Dawkins' Memory In The Center, an Afro Jazz Opera
All events take place in Millennium Park unless otherwise noted
Von Freeman Pavilion
12:00 Xavier Breaker's Coalition
1:10 Joshua Abrams Quartet
2:20 Clark Sommers (Ba)SH
3:30 Russ Johnson Quartet
Jazz and Heritage Pavilion
12:30 Howard Alden/Andy Brown Quartet
2:00 Paul Marinaro Quartet
3:30 Wayne Wallace Latin Jazz Quintet
Jay Pritzker Pavilion
5:00 George Freeman/Mike Allemana Quartet
6:00 Rufus Reid
7:10 Myra Melford's Snowy Egret
8:30 Terrence Blanchard with Ravi Coltrane & Lionel Loueke
All events take place in Millennium Park unless otherwise noted
Chicago Community Trust Young Jazz Lions Pavillion (Harris Theater Rooftop)
11:30 Jones College Prep Jazz Combo
12:15 Pritzker College Prep Jazz Combo
1:00 Curie Metropolitan High School Jazz Ensemble
1:55 Elmhurst College Jazz Ensemble
2:50 Morgan Park High School Jazz Ensemble
3:45 Kenwood Academy Jazz Ensemble
Von Freeman Pavilion
Noon Clif Wallace Quintet
1:10 John Campbell Trio featuring Kelly Sill and Joel Spence
2:20 John Wojciechowski Quartet
3:30 Corey Wilkes Quartet
Jazz and Heritage Pavilion
12:30 Laurenzi/Ernst/Green
2:00 Chicago Underground Duo
3:30 Kurt Rosenwinkel
Jay Pritzker Pavilion
5:00 Ari Brown Quintet
6:00 Gary Burton
7:10 Tom Harrel's Colors of a Dream
8:30 Dave Holland, Kevin Eubanks, Craig Taborn and Eric Harland: PRISM
All events take place in Millennium Park unless otherwise noted
Chicago Community Trust Young Jazz Lions Pavillion (Harris Theater Rooftop)
11:30 Chi Arts Jazz Combo
12:15 Jazz Institute of Chicago Jazz Links Youth Ensemble
1:00 St Charles North Jazz Ensemble
1:55 Maria Saucedo Scholastic Academy Jazz Ensemble
2:50 University of Illinois at Chicago Jazz Ensemble
3:45 Noteworthy Teacher's Ensemble
Von Freeman Pavilion
Noon Neal Alger's Blue Note Quartet
1:10 Tammy McCann Quintet
2:20 Dennis Luxion - Michael Raynor Quartet
3:30 Chicago Yestet
Jazz and Heritage Pavilion
12:30 Tomeka Reid Quartet
2:00 Sun Rooms
3:30 Tootie Heath Trio
Jay Pritzker Pavilion
5:00 Bobby Broom Trio
6:00 Miguel Zenon Quartet
7:10 Cecile McLorin Salvant
8:30 Sun Ra Arkestra


text:
The future of the urban community college : shaping the pathways to a multiracial democracy
- Language
- English.
- Publication
- San Francisco, CA : Jossey-Bass, 2013.
- Copyright notice
- ©2013
- Physical description
- 111 pages ; 23 cm.
- Series
- New directions for community colleges ; number 162.
Available online
More options
- Contributor
- Myran, Gunder A., editor.
- Ivery, Curtis L., editor.
- Parsons, Michael H., editor.
- Kinsley, Charles, editor.
- Bibliography
- Includes bibliographical references and index.
- Contents
- The future of the urban community college / Gunder Myran, Michael H. Parsons
- The urban crisis and pathways to a multiracial democracy / Curtis L. Ivery
- A new leadership paradigm for the 21st century / Calvin Woodland, Michael S. Parsons
- The future-shaping function of the governing board / Rosemary Gillett-Karam
- The employability gap and the community college role in workforce development / Gunder Myran, Curtis L. Ivery
- Reframing community partnerships / Jerry Sue Thornton
- Increasing the relevance of curricular and student services in the urban community college / Eduardo J. Padron
- Achieving a multiracial democracy on campus / Rufus Glasper
- Capacity building: reshaping urban community college resources in response to emerging challenges / Wright L. Lassiter, Jr.
- The new community college business and finance model / Gunder Myran.
- Summary
- America's biggest cities are pulse points for the entire country. Already weakened by decades of decline, their uneven recovery from the Great Recession has resulted in the further concentration of prosperity in a few and hardship for all the rest. Their citizens similiarly reflect widening disparity between the wealthiest and poorest, threatening an endangered middle class that used to be the proudest measure of our economic and democratic ideals. Urban community colleges are undergoing rapid, multidimensional changes in response to the new conditions and demands everywhere. The challenge for all, regardless of size or location is to reinvent themselves so they can better meet the particular needs of their respective communities. This national higher-education mandate is vital to democracy itself, especially given the multiracial nature of metropolitan areas, where challenges and opportunities have always been most pronounced. The future is as unpredicatble as the events that brought us to this critical juncture. Spurred by outside pressure and support as well as deep commitment from within, urban colleges are vigorously exploring new strategies for sustainability and success. In this volume, some of the most prominent practitioners examine every major aspect of the change-engagement process, including the role of governing boards, workforce development, community partnerships and redesign of outdated business and finance models.
Bibliographic information
- Publication date
- 2013
- Copyright date
- 2013
- Responsibility
- Gunder Myran, Curtis L. Ivery, Michael H. Parsons, Charles Kinsley, editors.
- Series
- New directions for community colleges, 0194-3081 ; number 162
- Note
- "Summer 2013."
- 9781118806982
- 1118806980