text:
Office of Scientific and Technical Information
Skirted projectiles for railguns
DOE Patents (OSTI)
A single skirt projectile (20) having an insulating skirt (22) at its rear, or a dual trailing skirt projectile (30, 40, 50, 60) having an insulating skirt (32, 42, 52, 62) succeeded by an arc extinguishing skirt (34, 44, 54, 64), is accelerated by a railgun accelerator 10 having a pair of parallel conducting rails (1a, 1b) which are separated by insulating wall spacers (11). The insulating skirt (22, 32, 42, 52, 62) includes a plasma channel (38). The arc extinguishing skirt (34, 44, 54, 64) interrupts the conduction that occurs in the insulating skirt channel (38) by blocking the plasma arc (3) from conducting current from rail to rail (1a, 1b) at the rear of the projectile (30, 40, 50, 60). The arc extinguishing skirt may be comprised of two plates (36a, 36b) which form a horseshoe wherein the plates are parallel to the rails (1a, b); a chisel-shape design; cross-shaped, or it may be a cylindrical (64). The length of the insulating skirt channel is selected such that there is sufficient plasma in the channel to enable adequate current conduction between the rails (1a, 1b).
Hawke, Ronald S. (Livermore, CA); Susoeff, Allan R. (Pleasanton, CA)
Hawke, R.S.; Susoeff, A.R.
General Dynamics, Electric Boat
Science Conference Proceedings (OSTI)
General Dynamics, Electric Boat. NVLAP Lab Code: 100560-0. Address and Contact Information: 75 Eastern Point Road ...
Paper boats: PDC 08, Bloomington, IN
Set up tables along the shore of the pond of in Miller Park or at the Showalter Fountain with white paper. Provide instructions for making paper boats. Participants are invited to write their hopes upon the boat before launching them. During the course ...
Hugh Musick
Southern Illinois University Watercraft & Equipment Operating Boat Operation Eligibility
E-Print Network (OSTI)
gasoline (100:1 gas to oil mixture) 2. Shift lever in Neutral position 3. Pull choke out 4. Pump gas ball 4 motors require gasoline mixed with oil. Example: VHS DC electrofishing boat - 40 mls. 2 cycle / 1 gal
Inventory of emissions from boating sources in California. Final report
This final report presents the distribution of boating fuel consumption and associated emissions in California, by waterway, county, and air basin. Two classes of small boats are considered. Pleasure boats are those craft owned by individuals and companies; used for cruising, water skiing, sport fishing and other recreational activities; and are powered by both gasoline and diesel engines. Commercial boats are those used for public transportation, commercial fishing, and other work functions such as tugboats, U.S. Coast Guard cutters, personnel and cargo hauling boats, etc. Commercial boats are powered primarily by diesel engines but there are a few gasoline powered craft. For the base year 1977, the statewide consumption of gasoline was 96,000,000 gallons and the consumption of diesel fuel was 36,000,000 gallons. The pollutant emission totals for 1977 were: SOx, 770 tons; CO, 105,000 tons; HC 26,000 tons; NOx, 3,600 tons and particulate matter 530 tons. Seasonal average daily emissions for winter and summer are shown in the report. The emission factors used in this study were obtained from EPA publication AP-42.
Parker, N.R.; Dale, D.A.; Taback, H.J.
Tribological evaluation of piston skirt/cylinder liner contact interfaces under boundary lubrication conditions.
DOE Green Energy (OSTI)
The friction and wear between the piston and cylinder liner significantly affects the performance of internal combustion engines. In this paper, segments from a commercial piston/cylinder system were tribologically tested using reciprocating motion. The tribological contact consisted of aluminium alloy piston segments, either uncoated, coated with a graphite/resin coating, or an amorphous hydrogenated carbon (a-C : H) coating, in contact with gray cast iron liner segments. Tests were conducted in commercial synthetic motor oils and base stocks at temperatures up to 120 C with a 2 cm stroke length at reciprocating speeds up to 0.15 m s{sup -1}. The friction dependence of these piston skirt and cylinder liner materials was studied as a function of load, sliding speed and temperature. Specifically, an increase in the sliding speed led to a decrease in the friction coefficient below approximately 70 C, while above this temperature, an increase in sliding speed led to an increase in the friction coefficient. The presence of a coating played an important role. It was found that the graphite/resin coating wore quickly, preventing the formation of a beneficial tribochemical film, while the a-C : H coating exhibited a low friction coefficient and provided significant improvement over the uncoated samples. The effect of additives in the oils was also studied. The tribological behaviour of the interface was explained based on viscosity effects and subsequent changes in the lubrication regime, formation of chemical and tribochemical films.
Demas, N. G.; Erck, R. A.; Fenske, G. R.; Energy Systems
Measuring Coastal Boating Noise to Assess Potential Impacts on Marine Life
SciTech Connect
Article requested for submission in Sea Technology Magazine describing the Underwater Noise From Small Boats. An Overlooked Component of the Acoustic Environment in Coastal Areas. Underwater noise and its effects on marine life deserve attention as human activity in the marine environment increases. Noise can affect fish and marine mammals in ways that are physiological, as in auditory threshold shifts, and behavioral, as in changes in foraging habits. One anthropogenic source of underwater noise that has received little attention to date is recreational boating. Coastal areas and archipelago regions, which play a crucial role in the marine ecosystem, are often subject to high levels of boat traffic. In order to better understand the noise produced by a small powerboat, a test was conducted in Sequim Bay, Washington, using an instrumented research vessel and multiple acoustic sensors. The broadband noise and narrowband peak levels were observed from two different locations while the boat was operated under various conditions. The results, combined with background noise levels, sound propagation and local boat traffic patterns, can provide a picture of the total boating noise to which marine life may be subjected.
Matzner, Shari; Jones, Mark E.
Teknikem, A Division of RockinBoat LLC | Department of Energy
Energy.gov (U.S. Department of Energy (DOE)) Indexed Site
Teknikem, A Teknikem, A Division of RockinBoat LLC America's Next Top Energy Innovator Challenge 17256 likes Teknikem, A Division of RockinBoat LLC Y12 National Security Complex Teknikem, a Division of RockinBoat LLC, is commercializing RonJohn, a safer more environmentally friendly paint and adhesive licensed from the Y12 National Security Complex. Unlike conventional strippers, RonJohn products are not classified as hazardous air pollutants, carcinogens, or hazardous wastes. RonJohn blends were developed by the scientists at Y12 to meet their need to replace flammable and toxic chemistry that was being phased out at the complex. The same forces that led the DOE to migrate away from flammable and toxic chemistry for removing coatings are also motivating other governmental organizations and private sector companies to
Science & Innovation » Innovation » America's Next Top Energy Science & Innovation » Innovation » America's Next Top Energy Innovator » America's Next Top Energy Innovator Challenge » Teknikem, A Division of RockinBoat LLC America's Next Top Energy Innovator Challenge 17256 likes Teknikem, A Division of RockinBoat LLC Y12 National Security Complex Teknikem, a Division of RockinBoat LLC, is commercializing RonJohn, a safer more environmentally friendly paint and adhesive licensed from the Y12 National Security Complex. Unlike conventional strippers, RonJohn products are not classified as hazardous air pollutants, carcinogens, or hazardous wastes. RonJohn blends were developed by the scientists at Y12 to meet their need to replace flammable and toxic chemistry that was being phased out at the complex. The same forces that led the DOE to migrate
Challenge » Teknikem, A Challenge » Teknikem, A Division of RockinBoat LLC America's Next Top Energy Innovator Challenge 17256 likes Teknikem, A Division of RockinBoat LLC Y12 National Security Complex Teknikem, a Division of RockinBoat LLC, is commercializing RonJohn, a safer more environmentally friendly paint and adhesive licensed from the Y12 National Security Complex. Unlike conventional strippers, RonJohn products are not classified as hazardous air pollutants, carcinogens, or hazardous wastes. RonJohn blends were developed by the scientists at Y12 to meet their need to replace flammable and toxic chemistry that was being phased out at the complex. The same forces that led the DOE to migrate away from flammable and toxic chemistry for removing coatings are also motivating other governmental organizations and private sector companies to
Pityriasis rubra pilaris, type IV
Pityriasis rubra pilaris, type IV Jennifer Bragg MD,rubra pilaris (PRP), type IV (circumscribed juvenile).Type IV PRP develops in prepubertal children, is typically
Bragg, Jennifer; Witkiewicz, Agnieszka; Orlow, Seth J; Schaffer, Julie V
An analysis of tomb reliefs depicting boat construction from the Old Kingdom period in Egypt
Among the aspects of daily life represented on the walls of private tombs during the Old Kingdom in Egypt are reliefs depicting the construction of boat hulls. Examination of the twenty known reliefs and relief fragments which date to this period provides numerous insights into the technology and methodology of wooden hull construction. These reliefs were created to be blueprints of boat construction procedures but rather to ensure that the owner of the tomb would have boats in his afterlife. The majority of the procedures relate to the final stages of constru ction prior to the hull being launched. The depiction of the tools necessary for hull construction and how they we,-e used is of great relevance. Hull symmetry was checked with the aid of a plumb bob while adzes were kept ready to remove flatspots. The procedure of joining planks edge-to-edge with mortise-and-tencn joints is representcd with great detail in the Ty relief. Joining planks in this manner required a team of men working together while being supervised. Reliefs which show hulls with a rope truss stretching from end to end were used to tighten internal traverse lashed joinery and are not the hogging trusses seen on seagoing ships and cargo vessels. Depictions of various steps required for this procedure in most reliefs suggests thats its employment was pervasive.
Rogers, Edward Morgan
Generation IV Program
NLE Websites -- All DOE Office Websites (Extended Search)
an international initiative. A group of ten nations, including France, Japan, Russia, Korea, China, and Canada, are participating in the planning and development of Generation IV...
Socio-political structure and concerns of offshore charter and party boat operators in Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana and Texas
In the summer of 1998, 117 person to person interviews were conducted from a random sample of charter boats and from an entire population of party boats operating in Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana and Texas. Due to the single ownership of multiple boats, these were collapsed into 105 operational cases. Field observation notes and interviews were analyzed according to content analysis techniques. From this, 105 operational profiles emerged. Additional in-depth interviews were conducted and similarly analyzed, with 5 cases distributed regionally. These were selected on the basis of official capacity in representing other charter and party boat operators in fisheries organizations. This research focuses on the identity of this group of "fishermen", their motivations for being charter and party boat operators and their various styles of doing fishing. Four main types of "fishermen"/fishing operations are identified from characteristic trends that emerge out of the data, leading to a separation between types that are dependent on the fisheries for their livelihoods (called Core "fishermen") and types that are not dependent on the fisheries for their livelihoods (called Periphery "fishermen"). Issues of political contention to charter and party boat operators are explored from a structural perspective of existing fisheries management, and management ideology and practice, within the historical context of National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) and the Gulf of Mexico Regional Council.
Norris-Raynbird, Carla
Cloud Computing Forum & Workshop IV
Cloud Computing Forum & Workshop IV. ... NIST announces the Cloud Computing Forum & Workshop IV to be held on November 2, 3 and 4, 2011. ...
Generation IV (Gen IV) - Nuclear Engineering Division (Argonne)
Generation IV (Gen Generation IV (Gen IV) Generation IV Overview Other Major Programs Work with Argonne Contact us For Employees Site Map Help Join us on Facebook Follow us on Twitter NE Division on Flickr Major Programs Generation IV (Gen IV) Development of next generation nuclear systems featuring significant advances in sustainability, economics, safety, reliability, proliferation resistance and physical protection. Bookmark and Share Generation IV Fact Sheet (73 KB) Overview Generation IV nuclear energy systems target significant advances over current-generation and evolutionary systems in the areas of sustainability, safety and reliability, and economics. These systems are to be deployable by 2030 in both industrialized and developing countries. Development of Generation IV systems is an international initiative. A
Generation -IV Reactor Concepts
Generation-IV Reactor Concepts Generation-IV Reactor Concepts Thomas H. Fanning Argonne National Laboratory 9700 South Cass Avenue Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA The Generation-IV International Forum (GIF) is a multi-national research and development (R&D) collaboration. The GIF pursues the development of advanced, next generation reactor technology with goals to improve: a) sustainability (effective fuel utilization and minimization of waste) b) economics (competitiveness with respect to other energy sources) c) safety and reliability (e.g., no need for offsite emergency response), and d) proliferation resistance and physical protection The GIF Technology Roadmap exercise selected six generic systems for further study: the Gas- cooled Fast Reactor (GFR), the Lead-cooled Fast Reactor (LFR), the Molten Salt Reactor (MSR),
Florida Boat ramp EnhancEmEnt and construction projEct General Project DescriPtion
Enhancement and Construction Project is $10,153,642. estiMateD cost The estimated cost for this project costs for some of the projects were updated from those provided in the DERP/EA. Actual costs may differFlorida Boat ramp EnhancEmEnt and construction projEct General Project DescriPtion This early
Main Results of Grossversuch IV
The main results of a randomized hail suppression experiment, Grossversuch IV, are presented in this paper. Grossversuch IV tested the �Soviet� hail prevention method during five years (1977�81). The field experiment took place in central ...
B. Federer; A. Waldvogel; W. Schmid; H. H. Schiesser; F. Hampel; Marianne Schweingruber; W. Stahel; J. Bader; J. F. Mezeix; Nadie Doras; G. D'Aubigny; G. DerMegreditchian; D. Vento
Gasoline and Diesel Fuel Update (EIA)
* ^ -^. «*'*: IV: .<:.**,.,? '* -^^V; , *"'^"T-'^T * .^'^ **'*--'"-* *'*V-; "'^ v ^V ^^-^^;-'jl^'-^^i5^^v>^Ll-';.i»S-'^^^ * . '"* L"".'"-'?_,. -*'-_*:'?'. v>;': |: ,^% ;'. >' 4-.**;- *"-.''' * Lite -^ t.-^»!, m ". *Bfc' Table 8. Foreign Crude Oil and Natural Gas Liquids Reserve Interest for FRS Companies, 1983 and Percent Change from 1982 Crude Oil and Reserves Total OECD Foreign___Canada___Europe Africa___Mtdeast Other Eastern Hemisphere Other Western Hemisphere 1983 (million barrels) Total Crude and |GL
Surprising Coordination Geometry Differences in Ce(IV)- and Pu(IV)-Maltol Complexes
Differences in Ce(IV)- and Pu(IV)-Maltol Complexes [1] G�zacoordination behavior of Pu(IV), single crystal X-rayhave been determined for Pu(IV) and Ce(IV) complexes with
Szigethy, Geza; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
dBASE IV basics
This is a user`s manual for dBASE IV. dBASE IV is a popular software application that can be used on your personal computer to help organize and maintain your database files. It is actually a set of tools with which you can create, organize, select and manipulate data in a simple yet effective manner. dBASE IV offers three methods of working with the product: (1) control center: (2) command line; and (3) programming.
O`Connor, P.
Session IV - Programmaster.org
Oct 20, 2011 ... Nanotechnology for Energy, Healthcare and Industry : Session IV ... and at conferences for economic development and job creation through�...
Lab IV - 1 LABORATORY IV CONSERVATION OF ENERGY In this lab you will begin to use the principle of conservation of energy to determine the motion resulting from interactions that are difficult to analyze using force concepts alone. You will explore how conservation of energy is applied to real interactions. Keep
Minnesota, University of
Wilton IV Wind Energy Center Draft EIS Wilton IV Wind Energy Center Draft EIS Western Area Power Administration (Western) prepared this draft environmental impact statement (DEIS) in response to a request from NextEra Energy Resources, LLC (NextEra), on behalf of its subsidiary Wilton Wind IV, LLC (Wilton IV), to interconnect its proposed Wilton IV Wind Energy Center (Project) to Western's power transmission system. The proposed Project is a wind turbine generation facility located in Burleigh County, North Dakota. It would consist of 62 wind turbine generators, with a total nameplate capacity of approximately 99 MW. NextEra has also requested that the existing interconnection contracts for the Wilton Wind I Energy Center (formerly known as Burleigh County Wind), Wilton Wind II Energy Center, and the Baldwin Wind Energy Center (together called the Existing Projects) be modified to lift their administrative 50 average annual MW production caps.
The Louisiana State Museum Vessel: a historical and archaeological analysis of an American Civil War-era submersible boat
During the spring of 1992, and again in the winter of 1993, seven graduate students from Texas A&M University's Nautical Archaeology Program participated in a project to document the Louisiana State Museum Vessel, an American Civil War-era submersible boat presently residing in the collections of the Louisiana State Museum in New Orleans. The project initially focused on providing archaeological documentation of the boat's design and construction characteristics, and on compiling some basic historical documentation regarding its known past. Since the turn of the century, this vessel has been presumed by many to be the New Orleans-built Confederate privateer Pioneer, which was scuttled at the time of the evacuation of New Orleans by Federal forces, and last reported in very close proximity to where the Louisiana State Museum Vessel was found in 1878. This was the assumption made at the time the documentation project was conducted, and based upon the information available at that time, an argument in support of this identification was published in a subsequent article summarizing the project's findings. Additional research has clearly determined that this vessel is not the Pioneer. Recent research also indicates that efforts to design, fabricate, and employ submersible vessels within the Confederate States were more widespread than conventionally believed. Furthermore, it now appears that the level of Confederate government support enjoyed by these efforts was more substantial than has traditionally been presumed. The Louisiana State Museum Vessel constitutes the oldest extant example of an important American watercraft tradition. The goals of this thesis are to historically and archaeologically document the Louisiana State Museum Vessel, and, as it cannot presently be identified, to establish likely historical candidates for potential association with it. In this process, the boat is used as a lens through which to view the larger picture of submersible watercraft development efforts undertaken within the Confederacy, and to discuss the collective body of antebellum American experiences and technical knowledge available to the Confederate submersible boat builders. It is also used as a vantage point from which to explore the relationship between Confederate and contemporaneous Federal submersible development efforts, and to acknowledge the common postwar legacy that emerged as a result of these parallel programs.
Wills, Richard Keith
Alta IV | Open Energy Information
Open Energy Info (EERE)
IV IV Jump to: navigation, search Name Alta IV Facility Alta IV Sector Wind energy Facility Type Commercial Scale Wind Facility Status In Service Owner Terra-Gen Power Developer Terra-Gen Power Energy Purchaser Southern California Edison Co Location Tehachapi Pass CA Coordinates 35.01917213°, -118.3031845° Loading map... {"minzoom":false,"mappingservice":"googlemaps3","type":"ROADMAP","zoom":14,"types":["ROADMAP","SATELLITE","HYBRID","TERRAIN"],"geoservice":"google","maxzoom":false,"width":"600px","height":"350px","centre":false,"title":"","label":"","icon":"","visitedicon":"","lines":[],"polygons":[],"circles":[],"rectangles":[],"copycoords":false,"static":false,"wmsoverlay":"","layers":[],"controls":["pan","zoom","type","scale","streetview"],"zoomstyle":"DEFAULT","typestyle":"DEFAULT","autoinfowindows":false,"kml":[],"gkml":[],"fusiontables":[],"resizable":false,"tilt":0,"kmlrezoom":false,"poi":true,"imageoverlays":[],"markercluster":false,"searchmarkers":"","locations":[{"text":"","title":"","link":null,"lat":35.01917213,"lon":-118.3031845,"alt":0,"address":"","icon":"","group":"","inlineLabel":"","visitedicon":""}]}
SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF Pa(IV), Np(IV), AND Pu(IV) BOROHYDRIDES
a ( I V ) , N p ( I V ) , AND Pu(IV) BOROHYDRIDES Rodney H.borohydrides of Pa, Np, and Pu have been pre� pared and someU(BH. ,)Pu(BHi<)ii are much more volatile
Banks, R.H.
Shiloh IV | Open Energy Information
Shiloh IV Shiloh IV Facility Shiloh IV Sector Wind energy Facility Type Commercial Scale Wind Facility Status In Service Owner EDF Renewable Energy Developer EDF Renewable Energy Energy Purchaser Pacific Gas & Electric Location Birds Landing CA Coordinates 38.13891092°, -121.8480349° Loading map... {"minzoom":false,"mappingservice":"googlemaps3","type":"ROADMAP","zoom":14,"types":["ROADMAP","SATELLITE","HYBRID","TERRAIN"],"geoservice":"google","maxzoom":false,"width":"600px","height":"350px","centre":false,"title":"","label":"","icon":"","visitedicon":"","lines":[],"polygons":[],"circles":[],"rectangles":[],"copycoords":false,"static":false,"wmsoverlay":"","layers":[],"controls":["pan","zoom","type","scale","streetview"],"zoomstyle":"DEFAULT","typestyle":"DEFAULT","autoinfowindows":false,"kml":[],"gkml":[],"fusiontables":[],"resizable":false,"tilt":0,"kmlrezoom":false,"poi":true,"imageoverlays":[],"markercluster":false,"searchmarkers":"","locations":[{"text":"","title":"","link":null,"lat":38.13891092,"lon":-121.8480349,"alt":0,"address":"","icon":"","group":"","inlineLabel":"","visitedicon":""}]}
FUNDAMENTALS OF GAMMA TITANIUM ALUMINIDES: Session IV: Microstructure/Property Relationships--Strength, Plasticity, and Toughness. Sponsored by:�...
HIGH TEMPERATURE SUPERCONDUCTORS: IV: BSCCO and ...
HIGH TEMPERATURE SUPERCONDUCTORS: Session IV: BSCCO and TBCCO Conductor Development. Sponsored by: Jt. EMPMD/SMD Superconducting�...
A procedure was developed for the preparation of uranium(IV) nitrate solutions in dilute nitric acid. Zinc metal was used as a reducing agent for uranium(VI) in dilute sulfuric acid. The uranium(IV) was precipitated as the hydrated oxide and dissolved in nitric acid. Uranium(IV) nitrate solutions were prepared at a maximum concentration of 100 g/l. The uranium(VI) content was less than 2% of the uranium(IV). (auth)
Ondrejcin, R.S.
of 99 of 99 Fiscal Year (FY) 2010 Energy Efficient Building Systems Regional Innovation Cluster Initiative A joint FOA published by: The Department of Energy The Department of Commerce-Economic Development Administration The Department of Commerce-National Institute of Standards and Technology The Small Business Administration The Department of Labor The Department of Education
of the DOE Team, if applicable 0 Fiscal Year (FY) 2010 Energy Efficient Building Systems Regional Innovation Cluster Initiative A joint FOA published by: The Department of...
Supplement to the Draft Solar PEIS iii October 2011 CONTENTS 1 2 3 NOTATION ........................................................................................................................ ix 4 5 ENGLISH/METRIC AND METRIC/ENGLISH EQUIVALENTS .................................. xiii 6 7 1 INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................... 1-1 8
WEB RESOURCE: Generation IV Systems and Materials - TMS
Feb 12, 2007... Sandbox, Open Discussion Regarding Materials for Nuclear Power ... The presentation covers: the Generation IV initiative, Generation IV�...
LOW ENERGY PROCESSES IN ELECTRONIC MATERIALS: Session IV: Plasma ... Goorsky, H.P. Gillis, A.M. Andrews, University of California, Los Angeles, CA.
ERDC/CHL CHETN-IV-54 December 2002
, respectively (Sargent 1988). Each jetty consisted of a sand dike to anchor the structure to the shore, a sand-tight the weir (USGAO 2002). In 1994, a sand-tight groin about 450 ft long at an elevation of about 4 ft National necessary to satisfy boating interests. The accumulation of sand in the inlet caused navigational problems
US Army Corps of Engineers
Microsoft PowerPoint - Roberts, IV and Stewardship (SSAB April...
and Stewardship April 29, 2010 Sarah Roberts, CHP Acting Program Director, ORISE IEAV Benefits of IV "IV is an important quality assurance step that ensures cleanup goals have...
State of Asian Elephant Conservation in 2003 i Preface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .iv
#12;State of Asian Elephant Conservation in 2003 i Preface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .iv Conservation Direct . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .iv Executive Summary: The state of wild Asian elephant conservation in 2003
New, Mark
Complexation of Plutonium (IV) with Fluoride at Variable Tempeartures
of Neptunium and Plutonium. Edited by OECD Nuclear EnergyComplexation of Plutonium(IV) with Fluoride at Variablehigher temperatures. Key Words: Plutonium (IV) / Fluoride /
Moore, Dean A.
Photovoltaic I-V curve measurement techniques
Performance evaluation of photovoltaic (PV) arrays under actual field conditions provides important feedback to the module design process. One of the principal methods for assessing an array's performance is to plot its current, I, versus voltage, V, curve. Following a brief review of techniques for measuring the I-V curve, a new, capacitive-based approach is presented. It uses a rapid sweep of the I-V curve that substantially reduces the average power transfer between array and load, and in turn, substantially reduces the size and weight of the curve tracer. Both theoretical and practical aspects of the approach are presented for a 10-kW unit. Performance is verified by comparison with I-V curves obtained by using a conventional load. The agreement is found to be excellent. Approximately an order of magnitude reduction in size, weight and power consumption over conventional units was realized with the experimental I-V curve tracer.
Cox, C.H.; Warner, T.H.
A colorimetric method was developed for the determination of uranium(IV) in the presence of uranium(VI), nitric acid, hydroxylamine sulfate, and hydrazine. A coefficient of variation of 2.4% (n = 25) was obtained. (auth)
Dorsett, R.S.
Generation IV International Forum | Department of Energy
Forum Forum Generation IV International Forum January 14, 2005 - 9:50am Addthis Remarks of Secretary of Energy Spencer Abraham National Press Club It is a pleasure to be here today, to welcome the representatives of the Generation IV International Forum to their first Washington, D.C., meeting. Very early in my tenure as U.S. Secretary of Energy, I took part in the formation of the Generation IV initiative, and the signing of the organization's charter - which provided the framework for international cooperative research on advanced nuclear energy systems that are safe, reliable, economical and proliferation resistant... to help ensure that nuclear power has a vital and viable role in the world's energy future. I last met with the Generation IV International Forum two years ago in
Annex IV Environmental Webinar | Department of Energy
Annex IV Environmental Webinar Annex IV Environmental Webinar Annex IV Environmental Webinar January 23, 2014 12:00PM to 1:30PM EST Online The Energy Department will present a live webcast on Instrumentation for Monitoring Around Marine Renewable Energy Devices, highlighting themes that arose during a related workshop. Webinar presentations will include discussion on monitoring of near-field interactions between marine mammals and marine renewable energy converters, determining the distribution and habitat use of marine animals in the vicinity of marine renewable energy converters, and characterizing sound produced by marine renewable energy converters. 12:00 to 1:30 p.m. Eastern Standard Time 9:00 to 10:30 a.m. Pacific Standard Time Join Lync Meeting Join by phone866-528-1882 or 509-375-4555
Pomeroy IV Wind Farm | Open Energy Information
IV Wind Farm IV Wind Farm Facility Pomeroy IV Wind Farm Sector Wind energy Facility Type Commercial Scale Wind Facility Status In Service Owner MidAmerican Energy Developer MidAmerican Energy Energy Purchaser MidAmerican Energy Location Pomeroy IA Coordinates 42.570484°, -94.702506° Loading map... {"minzoom":false,"mappingservice":"googlemaps3","type":"ROADMAP","zoom":14,"types":["ROADMAP","SATELLITE","HYBRID","TERRAIN"],"geoservice":"google","maxzoom":false,"width":"600px","height":"350px","centre":false,"title":"","label":"","icon":"","visitedicon":"","lines":[],"polygons":[],"circles":[],"rectangles":[],"copycoords":false,"static":false,"wmsoverlay":"","layers":[],"controls":["pan","zoom","type","scale","streetview"],"zoomstyle":"DEFAULT","typestyle":"DEFAULT","autoinfowindows":false,"kml":[],"gkml":[],"fusiontables":[],"resizable":false,"tilt":0,"kmlrezoom":false,"poi":true,"imageoverlays":[],"markercluster":false,"searchmarkers":"","locations":[{"text":"","title":"","link":null,"lat":42.570484,"lon":-94.702506,"alt":0,"address":"","icon":"","group":"","inlineLabel":"","visitedicon":""}]}
Meadow Lake IV | Open Energy Information
Meadow Lake IV Meadow Lake IV Facility Meadow Lake IV Sector Wind energy Facility Type Commercial Scale Wind Facility Status In Service Owner Horizon Wind Energy Developer EDP Renewables Location Brookston IN Coordinates 40.601111°, -86.864167° Loading map... {"minzoom":false,"mappingservice":"googlemaps3","type":"ROADMAP","zoom":14,"types":["ROADMAP","SATELLITE","HYBRID","TERRAIN"],"geoservice":"google","maxzoom":false,"width":"600px","height":"350px","centre":false,"title":"","label":"","icon":"","visitedicon":"","lines":[],"polygons":[],"circles":[],"rectangles":[],"copycoords":false,"static":false,"wmsoverlay":"","layers":[],"controls":["pan","zoom","type","scale","streetview"],"zoomstyle":"DEFAULT","typestyle":"DEFAULT","autoinfowindows":false,"kml":[],"gkml":[],"fusiontables":[],"resizable":false,"tilt":0,"kmlrezoom":false,"poi":true,"imageoverlays":[],"markercluster":false,"searchmarkers":"","locations":[{"text":"","title":"","link":null,"lat":40.601111,"lon":-86.864167,"alt":0,"address":"","icon":"","group":"","inlineLabel":"","visitedicon":""}]}
Mountain View IV | Open Energy Information
IV IV Facility Mountain View IV Sector Wind energy Facility Type Commercial Scale Wind Facility Status In Service Owner AES Wind Generation Developer AES Wind Generation Energy Purchaser Southern California Edison Co Location White Water CA Coordinates 33.95475187°, -116.7015839° Loading map... {"minzoom":false,"mappingservice":"googlemaps3","type":"ROADMAP","zoom":14,"types":["ROADMAP","SATELLITE","HYBRID","TERRAIN"],"geoservice":"google","maxzoom":false,"width":"600px","height":"350px","centre":false,"title":"","label":"","icon":"","visitedicon":"","lines":[],"polygons":[],"circles":[],"rectangles":[],"copycoords":false,"static":false,"wmsoverlay":"","layers":[],"controls":["pan","zoom","type","scale","streetview"],"zoomstyle":"DEFAULT","typestyle":"DEFAULT","autoinfowindows":false,"kml":[],"gkml":[],"fusiontables":[],"resizable":false,"tilt":0,"kmlrezoom":false,"poi":true,"imageoverlays":[],"markercluster":false,"searchmarkers":"","locations":[{"text":"","title":"","link":null,"lat":33.95475187,"lon":-116.7015839,"alt":0,"address":"","icon":"","group":"","inlineLabel":"","visitedicon":""}]}
Gen IV Materials Handbook Implementation Plan
A Gen IV Materials Handbook is being developed to provide an authoritative single source of highly qualified structural materials information and materials properties data for use in design and analyses of all Generation IV Reactor Systems. The Handbook will be responsive to the needs expressed by all of the principal government, national laboratory, and private company stakeholders of Gen IV Reactor Systems. The Gen IV Materials Handbook Implementation Plan provided here addresses the purpose, rationale, attributes, and benefits of the Handbook and will detail its content, format, quality assurance, applicability, and access. Structural materials, both metallic and ceramic, for all Gen IV reactor types currently supported by the Department of Energy (DOE) will be included in the Gen IV Materials Handbook. However, initial emphasis will be on materials for the Very High Temperature Reactor (VHTR). Descriptive information (e.g., chemical composition and applicable technical specifications and codes) will be provided for each material along with an extensive presentation of mechanical and physical property data including consideration of temperature, irradiation, environment, etc. effects on properties. Access to the Gen IV Materials Handbook will be internet-based with appropriate levels of control. Information and data in the Handbook will be configured to allow search by material classes, specific materials, specific information or property class, specific property, data parameters, and individual data points identified with materials parameters, test conditions, and data source. Details on all of these as well as proposed applicability and consideration of data quality classes are provided in the Implementation Plan. Website development for the Handbook is divided into six phases including (1) detailed product analysis and specification, (2) simulation and design, (3) implementation and testing, (4) product release, (5) project/product evaluation, and (6) product maintenance and enhancement. Contracting of development of the Handbook website is discussed in terms of host server options, cost, technology, developer background and cooperative nature, and company stability. One of the first and most important activities in website development will be the generation of a detailed Handbook product requirements document including case diagrams and functional requirements tables. The Implementation Plan provides a detailed overview of the organizational structure of the Handbook and details of Handbook preparation, publication, and distribution. Finally, the Implementation Plan defines Quality Assurance requirements for the Handbook.
Rittenhouse, P.; Ren, W.
Gen IV Materials Handbook Functionalities and Operation
This document is prepared for navigation and operation of the Gen IV Materials Handbook, with architecture description and new user access initiation instructions. Development rationale and history of the Handbook is summarized. The major development aspects, architecture, and design principles of the Handbook are briefly introduced to provide an overview of its past evolution and future prospects. Detailed instructions are given with examples for navigating the constructed Handbook components and using the main functionalities. Procedures are provided in a step-by-step fashion for Data Upload Managers to upload reports and data files, as well as for new users to initiate Handbook access.
Ren, Weiju [ORNL
New Materials for NGNP/Gen IV
The bounding conditions were briefly summarized for the Next Generation Nuclear Plant (NGNP) that is the leading candidate in the Department of Energy Generation IV reactor program. Metallic materials essential to the successful development and proof of concept for the NGNP were identified. The literature bearing on the materials technology for high-temperature gas-cooled reactors was reviewed with emphasis on the needs identified for the NGNP. Several materials were identified for a more thorough study of their databases and behavioral features relative to the requirements ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section III, Division 1, Subsection NH.
Robert W. Swindeman; Douglas L. Marriott
EIS-0469: Proposed Wilton IV Wind Energy Center Project, Burleigh...
is evaluating the potential environmental impacts of interconnecting NextEra Energy Resources proposed Wilton IV Wind Energy Center Project, near Bismarck, North Dakota, to...
Creep Behavior of High Temperature Alloys for Generation IV ...
Presentation Title, Creep Behavior of High Temperature Alloys for Generation IV Nuclear Power Plant Applications. Author(s), Xingshuo Wen, Laura J. Carroll,�...
High Resolution Structure of the Neisseria gonorrhoeae Type IV...
Structure of the Neisseria gonorrhoeae Type IV Pilus: A Membrane-bound Fibrous Assembly Membrane proteins are notoriously difficult to crystallize, and fiber-forming proteins were...
Roadmap Integration Team Presentation Generation IV Roadmap Overview
Presentation Presentation Generation IV Roadmap Overview NERAC Meeting: Washington, D.C. April 15, 2002 Roadmap Integration Team Presentation Definition - Generation IV Generation IV is: "...the next generation of nuclear energy systems that can be licensed, constructed, and operated in a manner that will provide a competitively priced and reliable supply of energy to the country where such systems are deployed, while addressing nuclear safety, waste, proliferation and public perception concerns." Roadmap Integration Team Presentation Objective - Gen IV Technology Roadmap The Technology Roadmap: * Describes systems deployable by 2030 or earlier * Determines which systems offer significant advances towards:
IV1. Yoon and E. Crosbie
19 19 IV1. Yoon and E. Crosbie May 1988 The APS Beam Transfer Line from Linac to Booster Synchrotron In this note, we describe the recently designed APS beam transport system to the booster synchrotron. Another transfer system which guides the beam from the booster to the storage ring is described in ref. 1, and therefore it not be treated here. The system of interest consists of two parts; the transfer line LTOA from the injector linac to the positron accumulator ring (PAR) and the transfer line ATOB from the accumulator ring to booster synchrotron. For the design, we assumed that the rms transverse emittance of the Jinac output beam is about 1.1 mm mrad at 450 MeV andthe energy spread is :11%. The plan view of the designed beam transfer line is shown in Fig. 1. In this figure, B1 bends the
CMAD IV 11/14/96 Information Security
utilities, power pools, vendors etc.. #12;CMAD IV 11/14/96 #12; #12; GridCo LineCo PoolCo Energy Merchant INFO INFO INFO $ $ $ PWR PWR PWR #12;CMAD IV 11/14/96 "Future" Is At Hand · Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) 889 information on transmission availability and prices. equal access for wholesale
California at Davis, University of
Reducing Nitrogen Oxide Emissions: 1996 Compliance with Title IV Limits
Reports and Publications (EIA)
The purpose of this article is to summarize the existing Federal Nox regulations and the 1996 performance of the 239 Title IV generating units. It also reviews the basics of low-Nox burner technology and presents cost and performance data for retrofits at Title IV units.
Information Center
An Integrated Safety Assessment Methodology for Generation IV Nuclear Systems
The Generation IV International Forum (GIF) Risk and Safety Working Group (RSWG) was created to develop an effective approach for the safety of Generation IV advanced nuclear energy systems. Early work of the RSWG focused on defining a safety philosophy founded on lessons learned from current and prior generations of nuclear technologies, and on identifying technology characteristics that may help achieve Generation IV safety goals. More recent RSWG work has focused on the definition of an integrated safety assessment methodology for evaluating the safety of Generation IV systems. The methodology, tentatively called ISAM, is an integrated �toolkit� consisting of analytical techniques that are available and matched to appropriate stages of Generation IV system concept development. The integrated methodology is intended to yield safety-related insights that help actively drive the evolving design throughout the technology development cycle, potentially resulting in enhanced safety, reduced costs, and shortened development time.
Timothy J. Leahy
Salton Sea IV Geothermal Facility | Open Energy Information
IV Geothermal Facility IV Geothermal Facility Jump to: navigation, search GEOTHERMAL ENERGYGeothermal Home Salton Sea IV Geothermal Facility General Information Name Salton Sea IV Geothermal Facility Facility Salton Sea IV Sector Geothermal energy Location Information Address 6922 Crummer Rd. Location Calipatria, California Zip 92233 Coordinates 33.157511158558°, -115.63861370087° Loading map... {"minzoom":false,"mappingservice":"googlemaps3","type":"ROADMAP","zoom":14,"types":["ROADMAP","SATELLITE","HYBRID","TERRAIN"],"geoservice":"google","maxzoom":false,"width":"600px","height":"350px","centre":false,"title":"","label":"","icon":"","visitedicon":"","lines":[],"polygons":[],"circles":[],"rectangles":[],"copycoords":false,"static":false,"wmsoverlay":"","layers":[],"controls":["pan","zoom","type","scale","streetview"],"zoomstyle":"DEFAULT","typestyle":"DEFAULT","autoinfowindows":false,"kml":[],"gkml":[],"fusiontables":[],"resizable":false,"tilt":0,"kmlrezoom":false,"poi":true,"imageoverlays":[],"markercluster":false,"searchmarkers":"","locations":[{"text":"","title":"","link":null,"lat":33.157511158558,"lon":-115.63861370087,"alt":0,"address":"","icon":"","group":"","inlineLabel":"","visitedicon":""}]}
Rational Ligand Design for U(VI) and Pu(IV)
1.6 Ligand Design for Pu(IV) �. ��..���������. ���������ligands used in UO 22+ and Pu(IV) structural studies ��.. 23Raymond group ligands for Pu(IV) decorporation �� 208
Szigethy, Geza
The U.S. Generation IV Implementation Strategy
This report has been prepared by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) to respond to Congressional direction contained in Senate Report 107-220 from the Senate Committee on Appropriations regarding the Energy and Water Development Appropriations for 2003. In that report, the Committee instructed the Department to prepare a report regarding how it intends to carry out the results of the Generation IV Roadmap. This report is the U.S. Department of Energy's response to the Congressional directive. It summarizes results from the Generation IV Technology Roadmap and the strategy for implementing of the Generation IV program in the United States. Planning for the implementation of the Generation IV program is based on (1) the long-term outlook for nuclear energy in the United States, (2) the advice of the Nuclear Energy Research Advisory Committee during the two-year development of the Generation IV Technology Roadmap, and (3) the need for the Generation IV program to be integrated with other nuclear energy research programs of the Department. Considerable emphasis is given to developing the priorities and necessary timelines for the U.S. Generation IV Program, as well as developing international R&D cooperation that will benefit the program and strengthen U.S. leadership in nuclear technology R&D.
EIS-0402: Santa Susana Field Laboratory Area IV, California
Energy.gov (U.S. Department of Energy (DOE))
This EIS evaluates the environmental impacts of remediation of Area IV of the Santa Susana Field Laboratory (SSFL Area IV). SSFL Area IV, occupying approximately 290 acres of the total 2,852-acre SSFL site is located in the hills between Chatsworth and Simi Valley, CA, and was developed as a remote site to test rocket engines and conduct nuclear research. This EIS will evaluate alternatives for disposition of radiological facilities and support buildings, remediation of the affected environment, and disposal of all resulting waste at existing, approved sites.
Spectrophotometric determination of uranium(IV) with Arsenazo III
A spectrophotometric procedure was developed for determining U(IV) in the presence of U(VI) by forming a colored complex with Arsenazo III in 4M HCl. The results compare satisfactorily with U(IV) determinations by ceric titration. Total uranium can be determined after reduction of U(VI) with metallic zinc. The concentration range for the absorbance cell solution is 0 to 2 ..mu..g U(IV)/mL. Other tetravalent ions, such as thorium, zirconium, hafnium, plutonium, and neptunium, will interfere.
Baumann, E.W.
Phase IV - Resource Production and Power Plant Construction | Open Energy
Phase IV - Resource Production and Power Plant Construction Phase IV - Resource Production and Power Plant Construction Jump to: navigation, search GEOTHERMAL ENERGYGeothermal Home GEA Development Phase IV: Resource Production and Power Plant Construction GEA Development Phases The Geothermal Energy Association's (GEA) Geothermal Reporting Terms and Definitions are a guideline for geothermal developers to use when submitting geothermal resource development information to GEA for public dissemination in its annual US Geothermal Power Production and Development Update. GEA's Geothermal Reporting Terms and Definitions serve to increase the consistency, accuracy, and reliability of industry information presented in the development updates. Phase I - Resource Procurement and Identification Phase II - Resource Exploration and Confirmation
Modeling piston skirt lubrication in internal combustion engines
Ever-increasing demand for reduction of the undesirable emissions from the internal combustion engines propels broader effort in auto industry to design more fuel efficient engines. One of the major focuses is the reduction ...
Bai, Dongfang, Ph. D. Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Multipolar corneal-shaping electrode with flexible removable skirt
The disclosure relates to a multipolar probe using radiofrequency energy to reshape the cornea of an eye. The surface of the cornea is flushed continuously with a conductive coolant during operation.
Doss, James D. (Los Alamos, NM)
Complexation of Plutonium (IV) with Fluoride at Variable Temperatures
The complexation of Pu(IV) with fluoride at elevated temperatures was studied by solvent extraction technique. A solution of NaBrO3 was used as holding oxidant to maintain the oxidation state of plutonium throughout the experiments. The distribution ratio of Pu(IV) between the organic and aqueous phases was found to decrease as the concentrations of fluoride were increased. Stability constants of the 1:1 and 1:2 Pu(IV)-F- complexes, dominant in the aqueous phase under the experimental conditions, were calculated from the effect of fluoride ions on the distribution ratio. The thermodynamic parameters, including enthalpy and entropy of complexation between Pu(IV) and fluoride at 25 degrees C - 55 degrees C were calculated from the stability constants at different temperatures by using the Van�t Hoff equation.
Xia, Yuanxian; Rao, Linfeng; Friese, Judah I.; Moore, Dean A.; Bachelor, Paula P.
Synthesis, Characterization, and Cytotoxicity of Platinum(IV) Carbamate Complexes
The synthesis, characterization, and cytotoxicity of eight new platinum(IV) complexes having the general formula cis,cis,trans-[Pt(NH[subscript 3)[subscript 2]Cl[subscript 2](O[subscript 2]CNHR)[subscript 2
Wilson, Justin Jeff
Victory Gardens I and IV | Open Energy Information
Victory Gardens I and IV Victory Gardens I and IV Jump to: navigation, search Name Victory Gardens I and IV Facility Victory Gardens I and IV Sector Wind energy Facility Type Commercial Scale Wind Facility Status In Service Developer Zond Systems Energy Purchaser Southern California Edison Co Location Tehachapi CA Coordinates 35.07665°, -118.25529° Loading map... {"minzoom":false,"mappingservice":"googlemaps3","type":"ROADMAP","zoom":14,"types":["ROADMAP","SATELLITE","HYBRID","TERRAIN"],"geoservice":"google","maxzoom":false,"width":"600px","height":"350px","centre":false,"title":"","label":"","icon":"","visitedicon":"","lines":[],"polygons":[],"circles":[],"rectangles":[],"copycoords":false,"static":false,"wmsoverlay":"","layers":[],"controls":["pan","zoom","type","scale","streetview"],"zoomstyle":"DEFAULT","typestyle":"DEFAULT","autoinfowindows":false,"kml":[],"gkml":[],"fusiontables":[],"resizable":false,"tilt":0,"kmlrezoom":false,"poi":true,"imageoverlays":[],"markercluster":false,"searchmarkers":"","locations":[{"text":"","title":"","link":null,"lat":35.07665,"lon":-118.25529,"alt":0,"address":"","icon":"","group":"","inlineLabel":"","visitedicon":""}]}
Generation IV International Forum Updates Technology Roadmap and Builds
Generation IV International Forum Updates Technology Roadmap and Generation IV International Forum Updates Technology Roadmap and Builds Future Collaboration Generation IV International Forum Updates Technology Roadmap and Builds Future Collaboration December 31, 2013 - 12:14pm Addthis GIF Policy Group Meeting in Brussels, Belgium, November 2013 GIF Policy Group Meeting in Brussels, Belgium, November 2013 Deputy Assistant Secretary Kelly Deputy Assistant Secretary Kelly Deputy Assistant Secretary for Nuclear Reactor Technologies The Generation IV International Forum (GIF) held its 36th Policy Group (PG) meeting on November 21-22 in Brussels, Belgium. The PG reviewed progress on a number of on-going actions and received progress reports from the GIF Experts Group (EG) and the GIF Senior Industry Advisory Panel (SIAP).
Observations on A Technology Roadmap for Generation IV Nuclear Energy
Observations on A Technology Roadmap for Generation IV Nuclear Observations on A Technology Roadmap for Generation IV Nuclear Energy Systems: Technical Roadmap Report Observations on A Technology Roadmap for Generation IV Nuclear Energy Systems: Technical Roadmap Report The development of advanced nuclear energy systems in the U.S. will depend greatly on the continued success of currently operating light water nuclear power plants and the ordering of new installations in the short term. DOE needs to give those immediate objectives the highest priority and any additional support they require to assure their success. DOE is pursuing two initiatives to encourage a greater use of nuclear energy systems. The initiatives have been reviewed by NERAC Subcommittee on Generation IV Technology Planning (GRNS) and they are: * A Near Term Development (NTD) Roadmap which is in the process of being
Foote Creek Rim IV Wind Farm | Open Energy Information
IV Wind Farm IV Wind Farm Facility Foote Creek Rim IV Sector Wind energy Facility Type Commercial Scale Wind Facility Status In Service Owner Caithness Developer SeaWest Energy Purchaser Bonneville Power Admin Location Carbon County WY Coordinates 41.626456°, -106.202095° Loading map... {"minzoom":false,"mappingservice":"googlemaps3","type":"ROADMAP","zoom":14,"types":["ROADMAP","SATELLITE","HYBRID","TERRAIN"],"geoservice":"google","maxzoom":false,"width":"600px","height":"350px","centre":false,"title":"","label":"","icon":"","visitedicon":"","lines":[],"polygons":[],"circles":[],"rectangles":[],"copycoords":false,"static":false,"wmsoverlay":"","layers":[],"controls":["pan","zoom","type","scale","streetview"],"zoomstyle":"DEFAULT","typestyle":"DEFAULT","autoinfowindows":false,"kml":[],"gkml":[],"fusiontables":[],"resizable":false,"tilt":0,"kmlrezoom":false,"poi":true,"imageoverlays":[],"markercluster":false,"searchmarkers":"","locations":[{"text":"","title":"","link":null,"lat":41.626456,"lon":-106.202095,"alt":0,"address":"","icon":"","group":"","inlineLabel":"","visitedicon":""}]}
Microsoft Word - Wilton IV DEIS_ 03 12 13.docx
Wilton IV Wind Energy Center Wilton IV Wind Energy Center Draft Environmental Impact Statement DOE/EIS-0469 March 2013 COVER SHEET Lead Federal Agency: U.S. Department of Energy, Western Area Power Administration Title: Draft Environmental Impact Statement for the Wilton IV Wind Energy Center For additional information on this Draft Environmental Impact Statement contact: Mr. Matt Marsh Upper Great Plains Regional Office Western Area Power Administration P.O. Box 35800, Billings, MT 59107-5800 email@example.com, (800) 358-3415 For general information on the U.S. Department of Energy's National Environmental Policy Act process please contact: Ms. Carol M. Borgstrom, Director Office of NEPA Policy and Compliance (GC-54) U.S. Department of Energy Washington, D.C. 20585 (202) 586-4600
Gen IV public comments-G Vine.PDF
Generation IV Goals and Roadmap Generation IV Goals and Roadmap Public meeting, Thursday, Nov. 16, 2000 JW Marriott, Washington DC Gary Vine, EPRI I'd like to cite two regulatory landmarks established during the U.S. DOE/Industry ALWR Program, 1983-98, the intent of which should be incorporated into the goal setting for all future reactors. These are followed by four specific comments on the Generation IV goals. A. ALWR goals are Industry goals, and must be kept distinct from regulatory requirements. The ALWR Program was very careful to maintain and preserve clear separation between regulatory requirements and industry goals, as expressed in the EPRI ALWR Utility Requirements Document. The industry needed to decide how to comply with regulations in the most cost-effective way, and needed to strategically design-in the extra margins needed for investment protection, operational
Tethys and Annex IV Progress Report for FY 2012
The marine and hydrokinetic (MHK) environmental Impacts Knowledge Management System, dubbed �Tethys� after the mythical Greek titaness of the seas, is being developed by the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) to support the U.S. Department of Energy�s Wind and Water Power Program (WWPP). Functioning as a smart database, Tethys enables its users to identify key words or terms to help gather, organize and make available information and data pertaining to the environmental effects of MHK and offshore wind (OSW) energy development. By providing and categorizing relevant publications within a simple and searchable database, Tethys acts as a dissemination channel for information and data which can be utilized by regulators, project developers and researchers to minimize the environmental risks associated with offshore renewable energy developments and attempt to streamline the permitting process. Tethys also houses a separate content-related Annex IV data base with identical functionality to the Tethys knowledge base. Annex IV is a collaborative project among member nations of the International Energy Agency (IEA) Ocean Energy Systems � Implementing Agreement (OES-IA) that examines the environmental effects of ocean energy devices and projects. The U.S. Department of Energy leads the Annex IV working with federal partners such as the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC), the Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM), and the National Oceanic Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). While the Annex IV database contains technical reports and journal articles, it is primarily focused on the collection of project site and research study metadata forms (completed by MHK researchers and developers around the world, and collected by PNNL) which provide information on environmental studies and the current progress of the various international MHK developments in the Annex IV member nations. The purpose of this report is to provide a summary of the content, accessibility and functionality enhancements made to the Annex IV and Tethys knowledge bases in FY12.
Hanna, Luke A.; Butner, R. Scott; Whiting, Jonathan M.; Copping, Andrea E.
Plutonium Oxidation and Subsequent Reduction by Mn (IV) Minerals
Plutonium sorbed to rock tuff was preferentially associated with manganese oxides. On tuff and synthetic pyrolusite (Mn{sup IV}O{sub 2}), Pu(IV) or Pu(V) was initially oxidized, but over time Pu(IV) became the predominant oxidation state of sorbed Pu. Reduction of Pu(V/VI), even on non-oxidizing surfaces, is proposed to result from a lower Gibbs free energy of the hydrolyzed Pu(IV) surface species versus that of the Pu(V) or Pu(VI) surface species. This work suggests that despite initial oxidation of sorbed Pu by oxidizing surfaces to more soluble forms, the less mobile form of Pu, Pu(IV), will dominate Pu solid phase speciation during long term geologic storage. The safe design of a radioactive waste or spent nuclear fuel geologic repository requires a risk assessment of radionuclides that may potentially be released into the surrounding environment. Geochemical knowledge of the radionuclide and the surrounding environment is required for predicting subsurface fate and transport. Although difficult even in simple systems, this task grows increasingly complicated for constituents, like Pu, that exhibit complex environmental chemistries. The environmental behavior of Pu can be influenced by complexation, precipitation, adsorption, colloid formation, and oxidation/reduction (redox) reactions (1-3). To predict the environmental mobility of Pu, the most important of these factors is Pu oxidation state. This is because Pu(IV) is generally 2 to 3 orders of magnitude less mobile than Pu(V) in most environments (4). Further complicating matters, Pu commonly exists simultaneously in several oxidation states (5, 6). Choppin (7) reported Pu may exist as Pu(IV), Pu(V), or Pu(VI) oxic natural groundwaters. It is generally accepted that plutonium associated with suspended particulate matter is predominantly Pu(IV) (8-10), whereas Pu in the aqueous phase is predominantly Pu(V) (2, 11-13). The influence of the character of Mn-containing minerals expected to be found in subsurface repository environments on Pu oxidation state distributions has been the subject of much recent research. Kenney-Kennicutt and Morse (14), Duff et al. (15), and Morgenstern and Choppin (16) observed oxidation of Pu facilitated by Mn(IV)-bearing minerals. Conversely, Shaughnessy et al. (17) used X-ray Absorption near-edge spectroscopy (XANES) to show reduction of Pu(VI) by hausmannite (Mn{sup II}Mn{sub 2}{sup III}O{sub 4}) and manganite ({gamma}-Mn{sup III}OOH) and Kersting et al., (18) observed reduction of Pu(VI) by pyrolusite (Mn{sup IV}O{sub 2}). In this paper, we attempt to reconcile the apparently conflicting datasets by showing that Mn-bearing minerals can indeed oxidize Pu, however, if the oxidized species remains on the solid phase, the oxidation step competes with the formation of Pu(IV) that becomes the predominant solid phase Pu species with time. The experimental approach we took was to conduct longer term (approximately two years later) oxidation state analyses on the Pu sorbed to Yucca Mountain tuff (initial analysis reported by Duff et al., (15)) and measure the time-dependant changes in the oxidation state distribution of Pu in the presence of the Mn mineral pyrolusite.
Inadale (Roscoe IV) Wind Farm | Open Energy Information
Inadale (Roscoe IV) Wind Farm Inadale (Roscoe IV) Wind Farm Jump to: navigation, search Name Inadale (Roscoe IV) Wind Farm Facility Inadale (Roscoe IV) Sector Wind energy Facility Type Commercial Scale Wind Facility Status In Service Owner E.On Climate & Renewables Developer E.On Climate & Renewables Location Scurry and Nolan Counties TX Coordinates 32.346675°, -100.379717° Loading map... {"minzoom":false,"mappingservice":"googlemaps3","type":"ROADMAP","zoom":14,"types":["ROADMAP","SATELLITE","HYBRID","TERRAIN"],"geoservice":"google","maxzoom":false,"width":"600px","height":"350px","centre":false,"title":"","label":"","icon":"","visitedicon":"","lines":[],"polygons":[],"circles":[],"rectangles":[],"copycoords":false,"static":false,"wmsoverlay":"","layers":[],"controls":["pan","zoom","type","scale","streetview"],"zoomstyle":"DEFAULT","typestyle":"DEFAULT","autoinfowindows":false,"kml":[],"gkml":[],"fusiontables":[],"resizable":false,"tilt":0,"kmlrezoom":false,"poi":true,"imageoverlays":[],"markercluster":false,"searchmarkers":"","locations":[{"text":"","title":"","link":null,"lat":32.346675,"lon":-100.379717,"alt":0,"address":"","icon":"","group":"","inlineLabel":"","visitedicon":""}]}
Complexation of Pu(IV) with fluoride was studied by solvent extraction at 25, 40 and 55 C in 2.2 mol {center_dot} kg{sup -1} HClO{sub 4}. The distribution ratio of Pu(IV) between the organic and aqueous phases decreased as the concentration of fluoride was increased due to the formation of Pu(IV)-F complexes in the aqueous phase. Two complexes, PuF{sup 3+} and PuF{sub 2}{sup 2+}, were identified under the conditions in this work and their stability constants at 25, 40 and 55 C and I = 2.2 mol {center_dot} kg{sup -1} HClO{sub 4} were determined from the distribution data. The Specific Ion Interaction approach (SIT) was used to extrapolate the constants to the state of infinite dilution. Data from this work indicate that the complexation of Pu(IV) with fluoride is endothermic and entropy-driven. The complexation becomes stronger at higher temperatures.
Xia, Yuanxian; Rao, Linfeng; Friese, Judah I.; Moore, Dean A.; Bachelor, P. P.
Swept measurement of high power I-V curves
Performance evaluation of photovoltaic (PV) arrays under a variety of conditions provides important information for the design and maintenance of PV systems. One of the principal methods for assessing an array's performance is to plot its current, I, versus voltage, V, curve. Following a brief review of techniques for measuring the I-V curve, a new capacitive-based approach is presented. It uses a rapid sweep of the I-V curve which substantially reduces the average power transfer between array and load, and in turn, substantially reduces the size and weight of the curve tracer. Both theoretical and practical aspects of the approach are presented for a 10-kW unit. Performance is verified by comparison with I-V curves obtained by using a conventional load. The agreement is found to be excellent. Approximately an order of magnitude reduction in size, weight and power consumption over conventional units was realized with the experimental I-V curve tracer.
Swept measurement of high-power I-V curves
Performance evaluation of photovoltaic (PV) arrays under a variety of conditions provides important information for the design and maintenance of PV systems. One of the principal methods for assessing an arrays's performance is to plot its current, I, versus voltage, V, curve. Following a brief review of techniques for measuring the I-V curve, a new capacitive-based approach is presented. It uses a rapid sweep of the I-V curve which substantially reduces the average power transfer between array and load, and in turn, substantially reduces the size and weight of the curve tracer. Both theoretical and practical aspects of the approach are presented for a 10-kW unit. Performance is verified by comparison with I-V curves obtained by using a conventional load. The agreement is found to be excellent. Approximately an order of magnitude reduction in size, weight and power consumption over conventional units was realized with the experimental I-V curve tracer.
Cox, C.H. III; Warner, T.H.
Parameter extraction from I-V characteristics of PV devices
Device parameters such as series and shunt resistances, saturation current and diode ideality factor influence the behaviour of the current-voltage (I-V) characteristics of solar cells and photovoltaic modules. It is necessary to determine these parameters since performance parameters are derived from the I-V curve and information provided by the device parameters are useful in analyzing performance losses. This contribution presents device parameters of CuIn(Se,S){sub 2}- and Cu(In,Ga)(Se,S){sub 2}-based solar cells, as well as, CuInSe{sub 2}, mono- and multicrystalline silicon modules determined using a parameter extraction routine that employs Particle Swarm Optimization. The device parameters of the CuIn(Se,S){sub 2}- and Cu(In,Ga)(Se,S){sub 2}-based solar cells show that the contribution of recombination mechanisms exhibited by high saturation current when coupled with the effects of parasitic resistances result in lower maximum power and conversion efficiency. Device parameters of photovoltaic modules extracted from I-V characteristics obtained at higher temperature show increased saturation current. The extracted values also reflect the adverse effect of temperature on parasitic resistances. The parameters extracted from I-V curves offer an understanding of the different mechanisms involved in the operation of the devices. The parameter extraction routine utilized in this study is a useful tool in determining the device parameters which reveal the mechanisms affecting device performance. (author)
Macabebe, Erees Queen B. [Department of Electronics, Computer and Communications Engineering, Ateneo de Manila University, Loyola Heights, Quezon City 1108 (Philippines); Department of Physics and Centre for Energy Research, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, PO Box 77000, Port Elizabeth 6031 (South Africa); Sheppard, Charles J. [Department of Physics, University of Johannesburg, PO Box 524, Auckland Park 2006 (South Africa); Dyk, E. Ernest van [Department of Physics and Centre for Energy Research, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, PO Box 77000, Port Elizabeth 6031 (South Africa)
The structure of the ILLIAC IV operating system
The paper outlines the structure of the operating system for the ILLIAC IV, a large array computer being built by the University of Illinois. The system is unique in that it resides primarily on a second control computer and distributes operating system ...
Peter A. Alsberg; Carlton R. Mills
for the complexation of Pu(IV) with fluoride. I = 2.2 mol�p.w. � present work. Reaction Pu 4+ + HF PuF 3+ + H + t oI = 0) Ref. p.w. p.w. p.w. Pu 4+ + 2HF 2H + PuF 22+ + dis
Victory Gardens Phase IV Wind Farm I | Open Energy Information
Gardens Phase IV Wind Farm I Gardens Phase IV Wind Farm I Jump to: navigation, search Name Victory Gardens Phase IV Wind Farm I Facility Victory Gardens- Phase IV Sector Wind energy Facility Type Commercial Scale Wind Facility Status In Service Owner NextEra Energy Resources Developer Zond Systems Energy Purchaser Southern California Edison Co Location Tehachapi CA Coordinates 35.07665°, -118.25529° Loading map... {"minzoom":false,"mappingservice":"googlemaps3","type":"ROADMAP","zoom":14,"types":["ROADMAP","SATELLITE","HYBRID","TERRAIN"],"geoservice":"google","maxzoom":false,"width":"600px","height":"350px","centre":false,"title":"","label":"","icon":"","visitedicon":"","lines":[],"polygons":[],"circles":[],"rectangles":[],"copycoords":false,"static":false,"wmsoverlay":"","layers":[],"controls":["pan","zoom","type","scale","streetview"],"zoomstyle":"DEFAULT","typestyle":"DEFAULT","autoinfowindows":false,"kml":[],"gkml":[],"fusiontables":[],"resizable":false,"tilt":0,"kmlrezoom":false,"poi":true,"imageoverlays":[],"markercluster":false,"searchmarkers":"","locations":[{"text":"","title":"","link":null,"lat":35.07665,"lon":-118.25529,"alt":0,"address":"","icon":"","group":"","inlineLabel":"","visitedicon":""}]}
Victory Gardens Phase IV Wind Farm II | Open Energy Information
Gardens Phase IV Wind Farm II Gardens Phase IV Wind Farm II Jump to: navigation, search Name Victory Gardens Phase IV Wind Farm II Facility Victory Gardens- Phase IV Sector Wind energy Facility Type Commercial Scale Wind Facility Status In Service Owner NextEra Energy Resources Developer Zond Systems Energy Purchaser Southern California Edison Co Location Tehachapi CA Coordinates 35.07665°, -118.25529° Loading map... {"minzoom":false,"mappingservice":"googlemaps3","type":"ROADMAP","zoom":14,"types":["ROADMAP","SATELLITE","HYBRID","TERRAIN"],"geoservice":"google","maxzoom":false,"width":"600px","height":"350px","centre":false,"title":"","label":"","icon":"","visitedicon":"","lines":[],"polygons":[],"circles":[],"rectangles":[],"copycoords":false,"static":false,"wmsoverlay":"","layers":[],"controls":["pan","zoom","type","scale","streetview"],"zoomstyle":"DEFAULT","typestyle":"DEFAULT","autoinfowindows":false,"kml":[],"gkml":[],"fusiontables":[],"resizable":false,"tilt":0,"kmlrezoom":false,"poi":true,"imageoverlays":[],"markercluster":false,"searchmarkers":"","locations":[{"text":"","title":"","link":null,"lat":35.07665,"lon":-118.25529,"alt":0,"address":"","icon":"","group":"","inlineLabel":"","visitedicon":""}]}
Generation-IV Roadmap Report of the Fuel Cycle Crosscut Group | Department
Generation-IV Roadmap Report of the Fuel Cycle Crosscut Group Generation-IV Roadmap Report of the Fuel Cycle Crosscut Group Generation-IV Roadmap Report of the Fuel Cycle Crosscut Group The Charter of the Generation IV Roadmap Fuel Cycle Crosscut Group (FCCG) is to (1) examine the fuel cycle implications for alternative nuclear power scenarios in terms of Generation IV goals and (2) identify key fuel cycle issues associated with Generation IV goals. This included examination of "fuel resource inputs and waste outputs for the range of potential Generation IV fuel cycles, consistent with projected energy demand scenarios." This report summarizes the results of the studies. The membership of the FCCG comprised 8 US members and 7 members from Generation IV International Forum (GIF) countries including members from
McNeilus Wind Farm IV | Open Energy Information
IV IV Facility McNeilus Sector Wind energy Facility Type Commercial Scale Wind Facility Status In Service Owner G. McNeilus Developer G. McNeilus Energy Purchaser Xcel Energy Location Mower County MN Coordinates 43.673251°, -92.665436° Loading map... {"minzoom":false,"mappingservice":"googlemaps3","type":"ROADMAP","zoom":14,"types":["ROADMAP","SATELLITE","HYBRID","TERRAIN"],"geoservice":"google","maxzoom":false,"width":"600px","height":"350px","centre":false,"title":"","label":"","icon":"","visitedicon":"","lines":[],"polygons":[],"circles":[],"rectangles":[],"copycoords":false,"static":false,"wmsoverlay":"","layers":[],"controls":["pan","zoom","type","scale","streetview"],"zoomstyle":"DEFAULT","typestyle":"DEFAULT","autoinfowindows":false,"kml":[],"gkml":[],"fusiontables":[],"resizable":false,"tilt":0,"kmlrezoom":false,"poi":true,"imageoverlays":[],"markercluster":false,"searchmarkers":"","locations":[{"text":"","title":"","link":null,"lat":43.673251,"lon":-92.665436,"alt":0,"address":"","icon":"","group":"","inlineLabel":"","visitedicon":""}]}
Medicine Bow Wind Farm IV | Open Energy Information
Medicine Bow Wind Farm IV Medicine Bow Wind Farm IV Facility Medicine Bow Sector Wind energy Facility Type Commercial Scale Wind Facility Status In Service Owner Platte River Power Authority Developer Northern Alternative Energy Energy Purchaser Platte River Power Authority Location Medicine Bow WY Coordinates 41.927554°, -106.371968° Loading map... {"minzoom":false,"mappingservice":"googlemaps3","type":"ROADMAP","zoom":14,"types":["ROADMAP","SATELLITE","HYBRID","TERRAIN"],"geoservice":"google","maxzoom":false,"width":"600px","height":"350px","centre":false,"title":"","label":"","icon":"","visitedicon":"","lines":[],"polygons":[],"circles":[],"rectangles":[],"copycoords":false,"static":false,"wmsoverlay":"","layers":[],"controls":["pan","zoom","type","scale","streetview"],"zoomstyle":"DEFAULT","typestyle":"DEFAULT","autoinfowindows":false,"kml":[],"gkml":[],"fusiontables":[],"resizable":false,"tilt":0,"kmlrezoom":false,"poi":true,"imageoverlays":[],"markercluster":false,"searchmarkers":"","locations":[{"text":"","title":"","link":null,"lat":41.927554,"lon":-106.371968,"alt":0,"address":"","icon":"","group":"","inlineLabel":"","visitedicon":""}]}
Ridgetop Energy Wind Farm IV | Open Energy Information
IV IV Facility Ridgetop Energy Sector Wind energy Facility Type Commercial Scale Wind Facility Status In Service Owner Caithness Energy Purchaser Southern California Edison Co Location Tehachapi CA Coordinates 35.1317°, -118.451° Loading map... {"minzoom":false,"mappingservice":"googlemaps3","type":"ROADMAP","zoom":14,"types":["ROADMAP","SATELLITE","HYBRID","TERRAIN"],"geoservice":"google","maxzoom":false,"width":"600px","height":"350px","centre":false,"title":"","label":"","icon":"","visitedicon":"","lines":[],"polygons":[],"circles":[],"rectangles":[],"copycoords":false,"static":false,"wmsoverlay":"","layers":[],"controls":["pan","zoom","type","scale","streetview"],"zoomstyle":"DEFAULT","typestyle":"DEFAULT","autoinfowindows":false,"kml":[],"gkml":[],"fusiontables":[],"resizable":false,"tilt":0,"kmlrezoom":false,"poi":true,"imageoverlays":[],"markercluster":false,"searchmarkers":"","locations":[{"text":"","title":"","link":null,"lat":35.1317,"lon":-118.451,"alt":0,"address":"","icon":"","group":"","inlineLabel":"","visitedicon":""}]}
SEGS IV Solar Power Plant | Open Energy Information
Solar Power Plant Solar Power Plant Jump to: navigation, search Name SEGS IV Solar Power Plant Facility SEGS IV Sector Solar Facility Type Concentrating Solar Power Developer Luz Location Kramer Junction, California Coordinates 34.9925°, -117.540833° Loading map... {"minzoom":false,"mappingservice":"googlemaps3","type":"ROADMAP","zoom":14,"types":["ROADMAP","SATELLITE","HYBRID","TERRAIN"],"geoservice":"google","maxzoom":false,"width":"600px","height":"350px","centre":false,"title":"","label":"","icon":"","visitedicon":"","lines":[],"polygons":[],"circles":[],"rectangles":[],"copycoords":false,"static":false,"wmsoverlay":"","layers":[],"controls":["pan","zoom","type","scale","streetview"],"zoomstyle":"DEFAULT","typestyle":"DEFAULT","autoinfowindows":false,"kml":[],"gkml":[],"fusiontables":[],"resizable":false,"tilt":0,"kmlrezoom":false,"poi":true,"imageoverlays":[],"markercluster":false,"searchmarkers":"","locations":[{"text":"","title":"","link":null,"lat":34.9925,"lon":-117.540833,"alt":0,"address":"","icon":"","group":"","inlineLabel":"","visitedicon":""}]}
Method of synthesis of anhydrous thorium(IV) complexes
Method of producing anhydrous thorium(IV) tetrahalide complexes, utilizing Th(NO.sub.3).sub.4(H.sub.2O).sub.x, where x is at least 4, as a reagent; method of producing thorium-containing complexes utilizing ThCl.sub.4(DME).sub.2 as a precursor; method of producing purified ThCl.sub.4(ligand).sub.x compounds, where x is from 2 to 9; and novel compounds having the structures: ##STR00001##
Kiplinger, Jaqueline L; Cantat, Thibault
Foreign Trip Report MATGEN-IV Sep 24- Oct 26, 2007
Gen-IV activities in France, Japan and US focus on the development of new structural materials for Gen-IV nuclear reactors. Oxide dispersion strengthened (ODS) F/M steels have raised considerable interest in nuclear applications. Promising collaborations can be established seeking fundamental knowledge of relevant Gen-IV ODS steel properties (see attached travel report on MATGEN- IV 'Materials for Generation IV Nuclear Reactors'). Major highlights refer to results on future Ferritic/Martensitic steel cladding candidates (relevant to Gen-IV materials properties for LFR Materials Program) and on thermodynamic and mechanic behavior of metallic FeCr binary alloys, base matrix for future candidate steels (for the LLNL-LDRD project on Critical Issues on Materials for Gen-IV Reactors).
de Caro, M S
Supporting Technology for Enhanced Oil Recovery-EOR Thermal Processes Report IV-12
This report contains the results of efforts under the six tasks of the Ninth Amendment and Extension of Annex IV, Enhanced Oil Recovery Thermal Processes of the Venezuela/USA Agreement. The report is presented in sections (for each of the 6 tasks) and each section contains one or more reports prepared by various individuals or groups describing the results of efforts under each of the tasks. A statement of each task, taken from the agreement, is presented on the first page of each section. The tasks are numbered 62 through 67. The first, second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh, eight, and ninth reports on Annex IV, [Venezuela MEM/USA-DOE Fossil Energy Report IV-1, IV-2, IV-3, IV-4, IV-5, IV-6, IV-7, and IV-8 (DOE/BETC/SP-83/15, DOE/BC-84/6/SP, DOE/BC-86/2/SP, DOE/BC-87/2/SP, DOE/BC-89/1/SP, DOE/BC-90/1/SP) DOE/BC-92/1/SP, DOE/BC-93/3/SP, and DOE/BC-95/3/SP] contain the results from the first 61 tasks. Those reports are dated April 1983, August 1984, March 1986, July 1! 987, November 1988, December 1989, October 1991, February 1993, and March 1995 respectively.
Izequeido, Alexandor
EIS-0402: Santa Susana Field Laboratory Area IV, California | Department of
2: Santa Susana Field Laboratory Area IV, California 2: Santa Susana Field Laboratory Area IV, California EIS-0402: Santa Susana Field Laboratory Area IV, California Summary This EIS evaluates the environmental impacts of remediation of Area IV of the Santa Susana Field Laboratory (SSFL Area IV). SSFL Area IV, occupying approximately 290 acres of the total 2,852-acre SSFL site is located in the hills between Chatsworth and Simi Valley, CA, and was developed as a remote site to test rocket engines and conduct nuclear research. This EIS will evaluate alternatives for disposition of radiological facilities and support buildings, remediation of the affected environment, and disposal of all resulting waste at existing, approved sites. Public Comment Opportunities No public comment opportunities available at this time.
XAFS and LIBD Investigation of the Formation and Structure of Pu(IV) Hydrolysis Products
Pu(IV) oxyhydroxide colloid growth is investigated with XAFS and LIBD. From combined results a model of colloid formation is proposed, which leads to a face-centered cubic Pu sublattice having cation defects, as observed with EXAFS, and a linear dependency of log [Pu(IV)] on -log [H{sup +}] with slope -2, in accord with LIBD. The solubility for Pu(IV) measured with LIBD is close to the lower limit of the solubility curve from previously reported data.
Rothe, J.; Walther, C.; Denecke, M.A.; Fangh�nel, Th. (Karlesruhe)
Catalytic effects of period iv transition metal in the oxidation of biodiesel.
??CATALYTIC EFFECTS OF PERIOD IV TRANSITION METALS IN THE OXIDATION OF BIODIESEL BRADLEY R CLARK December 2011 Advisors: Dr. Steve Salley, Dr. Simon Ng, Dr.� (more)
Clark, Bradley
Using a sample of {approx}30,000 quasars from the 7th Data Release of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey, we explore the range of properties exhibited by high-ionization, broad emission lines, such as C IV {lambda}1549. Specifically, we investigate the anti-correlation between continuum luminosity and emission-line equivalent width (the Baldwin Effect (BEff)) and the 'blueshifting' of the high-ionization emission lines with respect to low-ionization emission lines. Employing improved redshift determinations from Hewett and Wild, the blueshift of the C IV emission line is found to be nearly ubiquitous, with a mean shift of {approx}810 km s{sup -1} for radio-quiet (RQ) quasars and {approx}360 km s{sup -1} for radio-loud (RL) quasars. The BEff is present in both RQ and RL samples. We consider these phenomena within the context of an accretion disk-wind model that is modulated by the nonlinear correlation between ultraviolet and X-ray continuum luminosity. Composite spectra are constructed as a function of C IV emission-line properties in an attempt to reveal empirical relationships between different line species and the continuum. Within a two-component disk+wind model of the broad emission-line region (BELR), where the wind filters the continuum seen by the disk component, we find that RL quasars are consistent with being dominated by the disk component, while broad absorption line quasars are consistent with being dominated by the wind component. Some RQ objects have emission-line features similar to RL quasars; they may simply have insufficient black hole (BH) spin to form radio jets. Our results suggest that there could be significant systematic errors in the determination of L{sub bol} and BH mass that make it difficult to place these findings in a more physical context. However, it is possible to classify quasars in a paradigm where the diversity of BELR parameters is due to differences in an accretion disk wind between quasars (and over time); these differences are underlain primarily by the spectral energy distribution, which ultimately must be tied to BH mass and accretion rate.
Richards, Gordon T.; Kruczek, Nicholas E.; Deo, Rajesh P.; Kratzer, Rachael M. [Department of Physics, Drexel University, 3141 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104 (United States); Gallagher, S. C. [Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 3K7 (Canada); Hall, Patrick B. [Department of Physics and Astronomy, York University, Toronto, Ontario M3J 1P3 (Canada); Hewett, Paul C. [Institute of Astronomy, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0HA (United Kingdom); Leighly, Karen M. [Homer L. Dodge Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Oklahoma, 440 W. Brooks Street, Norman, OK 73019 (United States); Shen, Yue [Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, MS-51, Cambridge, MA 02138 (United States)
IvPE-cEAEs?nILE!! P
Office of Legacy Management (LM)
Cw-rent: _______ rT--- Cw-rent: _______ rT--- Owner contacted 0 yes J7' j-r~~; if ye.. date contacted ___ IvPE-cEAEs?nILE!! P Research & Development 0 Production scale testing Cl Pilot Scale 0 Bench Scale Process 0 Theoretical Studies 0 Sample & Analysis 0 Production 0 Disposal/Storage 0 Prime ,!Z! Subcontract& JZl Purchase Order q Facility Type q Manufacturing q University 0 Research Organization 0 Government Sponsored Facility 0 Other --------------------- [7 Other information (i.e., cost + fixed fee, unit price, time & material, etc)------- OWNERSHIP: AEC/tlED AEC/MED GOVT GOVT CONTRACTOR CONTRACTOR OWNE_D LEfEEE !a!N_E_D !E!_sED OWNED ---------- ---LEASED LANDS BUILDINGS !I : 0 # % :: EQUIPMENT ; 0 0 1 ORE OR RAW MATL 0 0 FINAL PRODUCT 0 WASTE & RESIDUE q
v EXHIBIT IV - DOE/EV-0003/29 ORNL-5734 Radiological Survey of the Former Kellex Research Facility, Jersey City, New Jersey 6. A. Berven H. W. Dickson W. A. Goldsmith W. M. Johnson W. D. Cottrell R. W. Doane F. F. Haywood M. T. Ryan W. H. Shinpaugh DOE/EV-0005/29 ORNL-5734 Dist. Category UC-70 Contract No. W-7405-eng-26 Health and Safety Research Division RADIOLOGICAL SURVEY OF THE FORMER KELLEX RESEARCH FACILITY, JERSEY CITY, NEW JERSEY B. A. Berven W. D. Cottrell H. W. Dickson R. W. Doane W. A. Goldsmith F. F. Haywood W. M. Johnson M. T. Ryan W. H. Shinpaugh Worked performed as part of the Remedial Action Survey and Certification Activities Date Published: February 1982 , OAK RIDGE NATIONAL LABORATORY operated by UNION'CARBIDE CORPORATION for the
Generation IV International Forum Signs Agreement to Collaborate on Sodium
Forum Signs Agreement to Collaborate on Forum Signs Agreement to Collaborate on Sodium Cooled Fast Reactors Generation IV International Forum Signs Agreement to Collaborate on Sodium Cooled Fast Reactors February 17, 2006 - 11:58am Addthis FUKUI , JAPAN - The Department of Energy today announced that the United States signed a sodium-cooled fast reactor systems arrangement with France and Japan, providing the framework for collaboration among these countries on the research and development of these advanced nuclear reactors. The signing of the agreement took place on February 16, 2006. This arrangement will support the development of technologies associated with the U.S.-led Global Nuclear Energy Partnership (GNEP), announced earlier this month by Secretary of Energy Samuel W. Bodman. GNEP is a
Enhanced-oil-recovery thermal processes, annex IV. Venezuela-MEM/USA-DOE fossil-energy report IV-1
The Agreement between the United States and Venezuela was designed to further energy research and development in six areas. This report focuses on Annex IV - Enhanced-Oil-Recovery Thermal Processes which was divided into seven tasks. This report will discuss the information developed within Task I related to the Department of Energy providing data on the performance of insulated oil-well tubulars. Surface generated steam has been traditionally used in thermal enhanced oil recovery processes. In past years the tubing through which the steam is injected into the reservoir has been bare with relatively high heat losses. In recent years however various materials and designs for insulating the tubing to reduce heat losses have been developed. Evaluation of several of these designs in an instrumented test tower and in an oil field test environment was undertaken. These tests and the resulting data are presented.
Peterson, G.; Schwartz, E.
An Economic Analysis of Generation IV Small Modular Reactors
This report examines some conditions necessary for Generation IV Small Modular Reactors (SMRs) to be competitive in the world energy market. The key areas that make nuclear reactors an attractive choice for investors are reviewed, and a cost model based on the ideal conditions is developed. Recommendations are then made based on the output of the cost model and on conditions and tactics that have proven successful in other industries. The Encapsulated Nuclear Heat Source (ENHS), a specific SMR design concept, is used to develop the cost model and complete the analysis because information about the ENHS design is readily available from the University of California at Berkeley Nuclear Engineering Department. However, the cost model can be used to analyze any of the current SMR designs being considered. On the basis of our analysis, we determined that the nuclear power industry can benefit from and SMRs can become competitive in the world energy market if a combination of standardization and simplification of orders, configuration, and production are implemented. This would require wholesale changes in the way SMRs are produced, manufactured and regulated, but nothing that other industries have not implemented and proven successful.
Stewart, J S; Lamont, A D; Rothwell, G S; Smith, C F; Greenspan, E; Brown, N; Barak, A
Method PAD Districts I II III IV V United States
U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA) Indexed Site
Method Method PAD Districts I II III IV V United States Table 9. Refinery Receipts of Crude Oil by Method of Transportation by PAD District, 2012 (Thousand Barrels) Pipeline Domestic 3,989 665,625 988,103 88,072 243,055 1,988,844 Foreign 21,230 569,209 374,991 81,074 55,191 1,101,695 Tanker Domestic 3,537 0 6,795 0 182,822 193,154 Foreign 269,722 0 1,261,640 0 367,865 1,899,227 Barge Domestic 11,303 8,899 130,591 0 408 151,201 Foreign 12,497 596 43,718 0 23,652 80,463 Tank Cars Domestic 5,916 2,070 12,072 0 10,027 30,085 Foreign 3,685 0 235 0 194 4,114 Trucks Domestic 3,715 7,856 73,171 39,163 7,347 131,252 Foreign 0 0 0 0 0 0 Total Domestic 28,460 684,450 1,210,732 127,235 443,659 2,494,536 Foreign 307,134 569,805 1,680,584 81,074 446,902 3,085,499
Commodity PAD Districts I II III IV V United States
Commodity Commodity PAD Districts I II III IV V United States Table 10a. Fuel Consumed at Refineries by PAD District, 2012 (Thousand Barrels, Except Where Noted) Crude Oil 0 0 0 0 0 0 Liquefied Petroleum Gases 0 464 490 49 518 1,521 Distillate Fuel Oil 4 89 236 1 209 539 Residual Fuel Oil 26 18 11 16 469 540 Still Gas 13,838 50,328 108,359 8,694 38,875 220,094 Marketable Petroleum Coke 0 0 0 528 166 694 Catalyst Petroleum Coke 9,003 17,611 42,614 2,852 12,416 84,496 Natural Gas (million cubic feet) 38,347 143,702 474,359 26,971 159,849 843,228 Coal (thousand short tons) 30 0 0 0 0 30 Purchased Electricity (million kWh) 2,355 11,892 23,255 2,003 5,130 44,635 Purchased Steam (million pounds) 3,849 12,723 88,922 1,439 14,426 121,359 Other Products 40 47 677 67 1,141 1,972
Selection of Correlations and Look-Up Tables for Critical Heat Flux Prediction in the Generation IV "IRIS" Reactor
In order to fulfill the goals set forth by the Generation IV International Forum, the current NERI funded
Romano, A.
Tracking the Sun IV: An Historical Summary of the Installed Cost of Photovoltaics in the United States from 1998 to 2010
in 2007-2010. Tracking the Sun IV: The Installed Cost of$/W) Total Tracking the Sun IV: The Installed Cost of$/W) Total Tracking the Sun IV: The Installed Cost of
Darghouth, Naim
Rocky Mountain area petroleum product availability with reduced PADD IV refining capacity
Studies of Rocky Mountain area petroleum product availability with reduced refining capacity in Petroleum Administration for Defense IV (PADD IV, part of the Rocky Mountain area) have been performed with the Oak Ridge National Laboratory Refinery Yield Model, a linear program which has been updated to blend gasolines to satisfy constraints on emissions of nitrogen oxides and winter toxic air pollutants. The studies do not predict refinery closures in PADD IV. Rather, the reduced refining capacities provide an analytical framework for probing the flexibility of petroleum refining and distribution for winter demand conditions in the year 2000. Industry analysts have estimated that, for worst case scenarios, 20 to 35 percent of PADD IV refining capacity could be shut-down as a result of clean air and energy tax legislation. Given these industry projections, the study scenarios provide the following conclusions: The Rocky Mountain area petroleum system would have the capability to satisfy winter product demand with PADD IV refinery capacity shut-downs in the middle of the range of industry projections, but not in the high end of the range of projections. PADD IV crude oil production can be maintained by re-routing crude released from PADD IV refinery demands to satisfy increased crude oil demands in PADDs II (Midwest), III (Gulf Coast), and Washington. Clean Air Act product quality regulations generally do not increase the difficulty of satisfying emissions reduction constraints in the scenarios.
Hadder, G.R.; Chin, S.M.
The primary objectives were (1) to quantify the interactions of organic ligands with Tc(IV) through the generation of thermodynamic (complexation) and kinetic parameters needed to assess and predict the mobility of reduced Tc(IV) at DOE contaminated sites; and (2) to determine the impact of organic ligands on the mobility and fate of reduced Tc(IV) under field geochemical conditions.
Nathalie A. Wall; Baohua Gu
Venezuela-MEM/USA-DOE Fossil Energy Report IV-11: Supporting technology for enhanced oil recovery - EOR thermal processes
This report contains the results of efforts under the six tasks of the Tenth Amendment anti Extension of Annex IV, Enhanced Oil Recovery Thermal Processes of the Venezuela/USA Energy Agreement. This report is presented in sections (for each of the six Tasks) and each section contains one or more reports that were prepared to describe the results of the effort under each of the Tasks. A statement of each Task, taken from the Agreement Between Project Managers, is presented on the first page of each section. The Tasks are numbered 68 through 73. The first through tenth report on research performed under Annex IV Venezuela MEM/USA-DOE Fossil Energy Report Number IV-1, IV-2, IV-3, IV-4, IV-5, IV-6, IV-7, IV-8, IV-9, IV-10 contain the results of the first 67 Tasks. These reports are dated April 1983, August 1984, March 1986, July 1987, November 1988, December 1989, October 1991, February 1993, March 1995, and December 1997, respectively.
Microsoft Word - Outside_CoverFinalEIS Volume IV.doc
IV - Public Comments IV - Public Comments June 2009 Big Stone II Power Plant and Transmission Project Prepared for: Lead Agency: Western Area Power Administration Cooperating Agency: U.S. Army Corps of Engineers DOE/EIS-0377 Final Environmental Impact Statement Volume IV - Public Comments June 2009 Big Stone II Power Plant and Transmission Project Prepared for: Lead Agency: Western Area Power Administration Cooperating Agency: U.S. Army Corps of Engineers VOLUME CONTENTS Volume I Executive Summary Acronyms Table of Contents Chapter 1 - Introduction Chapter 2 - Proposed Project, Proposed Federal Actions, and Alternatives Chapter 3 - Affected Environment Chapter 4 - Environmental Consequences
New seismological results on the G0 IV eta Bootis
Several attempts have been made to detect solar-like oscillations in the G0 IV star eta Boo. We present here new observations on this star simultaneously conducted with two spectrographs: Coralie mounted on the 1.2-m Swiss telescope at the ESO La Silla Observatory (Chile) and Elodie based on the 1.93-m telescope at the Observatoire de Haute Provence (France). In total, 1239 spectra were collected over 13 nights. The power spectrum of the high precision velocity time series clearly presents several identifiable peaks between 0.4 and 1.0 mHz showing regularity with a large and small separations of Delta_nu = 39.9 uHz and delta_nu02 = 3.95 uHz respectively. Twenty-two individual frequencies have been identified. Detailed models based on these measurements and non-asteroseismic observables were computed using the Geneva evolution code including shellular rotation and atomic diffusion. By combining these seismological data with non-asteroseismic observations, we determine the following global parameters for eta Boo: a mass of 1.57 +- 0.07 M_sol, an age t=2.67 +- 0.10 Gyr and an initial metallicity Z/X_i=0.0391 +- 0.0070. We also show that the mass of eta Boo is very sensitive to the choice of the observed metallicity, while the age of eta Boo depends on the input physics used. Indeed, a higher metallicity favours a higher mass, while non-rotating models without overshooting predict a smaller age.
F. Carrier; P. Eggenberger; F. Bouchy
O'Brien Biogas IV LLC Biomass Facility | Open Energy Information
O'Brien Biogas IV LLC Biomass Facility O'Brien Biogas IV LLC Biomass Facility Jump to: navigation, search Name O'Brien Biogas IV LLC Biomass Facility Facility O'Brien Biogas IV LLC Sector Biomass Facility Type Landfill Gas Location Middlesex County, New Jersey Coordinates 40.4111363°, -74.3587473° Loading map... {"minzoom":false,"mappingservice":"googlemaps3","type":"ROADMAP","zoom":14,"types":["ROADMAP","SATELLITE","HYBRID","TERRAIN"],"geoservice":"google","maxzoom":false,"width":"600px","height":"350px","centre":false,"title":"","label":"","icon":"","visitedicon":"","lines":[],"polygons":[],"circles":[],"rectangles":[],"copycoords":false,"static":false,"wmsoverlay":"","layers":[],"controls":["pan","zoom","type","scale","streetview"],"zoomstyle":"DEFAULT","typestyle":"DEFAULT","autoinfowindows":false,"kml":[],"gkml":[],"fusiontables":[],"resizable":false,"tilt":0,"kmlrezoom":false,"poi":true,"imageoverlays":[],"markercluster":false,"searchmarkers":"","locations":[{"text":"","title":"","link":null,"lat":40.4111363,"lon":-74.3587473,"alt":0,"address":"","icon":"","group":"","inlineLabel":"","visitedicon":""}]}
EIS-0469: Proposed Wilton IV Wind Energy Center Project, Burleigh County,
9: Proposed Wilton IV Wind Energy Center Project, Burleigh 9: Proposed Wilton IV Wind Energy Center Project, Burleigh County, North Dakota EIS-0469: Proposed Wilton IV Wind Energy Center Project, Burleigh County, North Dakota Summary Western Area Power Administration is evaluating the potential environmental impacts of interconnecting NextEra Energy Resources proposed Wilton IV Wind Energy Center Project, near Bismarck, North Dakota, to Western's existing Wilton/Baldwin substation and allowing NextEra's existing wind projects in this area to operate above 50 annual MW. Western is preparing a Supplemental Draft EIS to address substantial changes to the proposal, including 30 turbine locations and 5 alternate turbine locations in Crofte Township. Public Comment Opportunities None available at this time. Documents Available for Download
Feasibility of risk-informed regulation for Generation-IV reactors
With the advent of new and innovative Generation-IV reactor designs, new regulations must be developed to assure the safety of these plants. In the past a purely deterministic way of developing design basis accidents was ...
Matos, Craig H
Those early days as we remember them (Part IV) - Met Lab & Early...
Those early days as we remember them Part IV William P. Norris Division of Biological and Medical Research Ed. note: The following was transcribed from a tape recording made in...
Technical Session IV Talks | U.S. DOE Office of Science (SC)
Office of Science (SC) Website
Construction Projects BES Home 2011 Accelerator Detector RD PI Meeting files Technical Session IV Talks Print Text Size: A A A RSS Feeds FeedbackShare Page Future Light...
Stark broadening of B IV lines for astrophysical and laboratory plasma research
Stark broadening parameters for 36 multiplets of B IV have been calculated using the semi-classical perturbation formalism. Obtained results have been used to investigate the regularities within spectral series and temperature dependence.
Dimitrijevi?, Milan S; Simi?, Zoran; Kova?evi?, Andjelka; Sahal-Br�chot, Sylvie
Architecture and urbanism in Henri IV's Paris : the Place Royale, Place Dauphine, and H�pital St. Louis
This dissertation concerns the extensive building program which Henri IV undertook in Paris from 1600 to 1610. Focusing on the place Royale (now called the place des Vosges) , the place Dauphine, rue Dauphine, and Pont ...
Ballon, Hilary Meg
This project has developed quantitative safety goals for Generation IV (Gen IV) nuclear energy systems. These safety goals are risk based and technology independent. The foundations for a new approach to risk analysis has been developed, along with a new operational definition of risk. This project has furthered the current state-of-the-art by developing quantitative safety goals for both Gen IV reactors and for the overall Gen IV nuclear fuel cycle. The risk analysis approach developed will quantify performance measures, characterize uncertainty, and address a more comprehensive view of safety as it relates to the overall system. Appropriate safety criteria are necessary to manage risk in a prudent and cost-effective manner. This study is also important for government agencies responsible for managing, reviewing, and for approving advanced reactor systems because they are charged with assuring the health and safety of the public.
William E. Kastenberg; Edward Blandford; Lance Kim
China and Russia to Join the Generation IV International Forum | Department
China and Russia to Join the Generation IV International Forum China and Russia to Join the Generation IV International Forum China and Russia to Join the Generation IV International Forum July 13, 2006 - 3:03pm Addthis International Scope of Nuclear Nations Pursuing Advanced Reactors Broadens WASHINGTON, DC - U.S. Department of Energy Assistant Secretary for Nuclear Energy Dennis Spurgeon today announced that China and Russia are expected to join the Generation IV International Forum (GIF), a group of the world's leading nuclear nations who are working together to develop more efficient and less waste-intensive advanced reactors to meet future energy challenges. Earlier today, the GIF Policy Group voted unanimously to extend an offer of membership to China and Russia. China and Russia's formal entry into GIF is expected to be finalized by November 2006.
Reductive Disslocation of Pu(IV) by Clostridium sp. Under Anaerobic Conditions
An anaerobic, gram positive, spore-forming bacterium Clostridium sp., common in soils and wastes, capable of reduction of Fe(III) to Fe(II), Mn(IV) to Mn(II), Tc(VII) to Tc(IV), and U(VI) to U(IV), reduced Pu(IV) to Pu(III). Addition of 242Pu (IV)-nitrate to the bacterial growth medium at pH 6.4 resulted in the precipitation of Pu as amorphous Pu(OH)4 due to hydrolysis and polymerization reactions. The Pu (1 x 10-5 M) had no effect upon growth of the bacterium as evidenced by glucose consumption; carbon dioxide and hydrogen production; a decrease in pH of the medium from 6.4 to 3.0 due to production of acetic and butyric acids from glucose fermentation; and a change in the Eh of the culture medium from +50 to -180 mV. Commensurate with bacterial growth, Pu was rapidly solubilized as evidenced by an increase in Pu concentration in solution which passed through a 0.03 {mu}m filtration. Selective solvent extraction of the culture by thenoyltrifluoroacetone (TTA) indicated the presence of a reduced Pu species in the soluble fraction. X-ray absorption near edge spectroscopic (XANES) analysis of Pu in the culture sample at the Pu LIII absorption edge (18.054 keV) showed a shift of -3 eV compared to a Pu(IV) standard indicating reduction of Pu(IV) to Pu(III). These results suggest that, although Pu generally exists as insoluble Pu(IV) in the environment, under appropriate conditions, anaerobic microbial activity could affect the long-term stability and mobility of Pu by its reductive dissolution.
Francis,A.; Dodge, C.; Gillow, J.
A Virtual Reality Framework to Optimize Design, Operation and Refueling of GEN-IV Reactors.
many GEN-IV candidate designs are currently under investigation. Technical issues related to material, safety and economics are being addressed at research laboratories, industry and in academia. After safety, economic feasibility is likely to be the most important crterion in the success of GEN-IV design(s). Lessons learned from the designers and operators of GEN-II (and GEN-III) reactors must play a vital role in achieving both safety and economic feasibility goals.
Rizwan-uddin; Nick Karancevic; Stefano Markidis; Joel Dixon; Cheng Luo; Jared Reynolds
A nuclear magnetic resonance probe of group IV clathrates
The clathrates feature large cages of silicon, germanium, or tin, with guest atoms in the cage centers. The group IV clathrates are interesting because of their thermoelectric efficiency, and their glasslike thermal conductivity at low temperatures. Clathrates show a variety of properties, and the motion of cage center atoms is not well understood. In Sr8Ga16Ge30, we found that the slow atomic motion in the order 10-5 s is present in this system, which is much slower than what would be expected for standard atomic dynamics. NMR studies of Sr8Ga16Ge30 showed that Knight shift and T1 results are consistent with low density metallic behavior. The lineshapes exhibit changes consistent with motional narrowing at low temperatures, and this indicates unusually slow hopping rates. To further investigate this behavior, we made a series of measurements using the Carr-Purcell-Meiboom-Gill NMR sequence. Fitting the results to a hopping model yielded an activation energy of 4.6 K. We can understand all of our observations in terms of non-resonant atomic tunneling between asymmetric sites within the cages, in the presence of disorder. For Ba8Ga16Ge30, the relaxation behavior (T1) deviates from the Korringa relation, and the Knight shift and linewidth change with temperature. Those results could be explained by carrier freezout, and the development of a dilute set of magnetic moments due to these localized carriers. For Ba8Ga16Ge30 samples made from Ga flux, we observed different T1 and Knight shift behavior as compared to n type material. This is due to the differences in carrier type among these different samples. The p type sample has a smaller Knight shift and a slower relaxation rate than n type samples made with the stoichiometric ratio, which is consistent with a change in orbital symmetry between the conduction and valence bands. WDS study for Ba8Al10Ge36 showed the existence of vacancies in the Al-deficient samples, which results in some degree of ordering of Al occupation on the framework sites. In Al NMR measurements on Ba8AlxGe40-x with x = 12 to 16, we found that T1 of all Al samples follows the Korringa relation. The broadening of the single NMR central peak of Ba8Al16Ge30 is due to the inhomogeneous Knight shifts for occupation of different framework sites. For Ba8Al12Ge34 and Ba8Al13Ge33, we observed two peaks, and NMR results show that they are from distinct Al sites, while for each peak, the inhomogeneous broadening is much smaller. The difference in lineshapes we attributed to the existence of vacancies which we detected in the Al-deficient materials, and we assign one of the two Al peaks to Al adjacent to a vacancy.
Gou, Weiping
Characterization of marine exopolymeric substance (EPS) responsible for binding of thorium (IV) isotopes
The functional group composition of acid polysaccharides was determined after isolation using cross-flow ultrafiltration, radiolabeling with 234Th(IV) and other isotopes, and separation using isoelectric focusing (IEF) and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE). Phosphate and sulphate concentrations were determined from cultured bacterial and phytoplankton colloid, particulate and colloidal samples collected from the Gulf of M??xico (GOM). Characterization of the 234Th(IV)-binding biomolecule was performed using ion chromatography (IC), and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Radiotracer experiments and culture experiments were conducted in determining the binding environment of the 234Th(IV)-binding ligand (i.e., sorption onto suspended particles), as well as the origin of the ligand in seawater systems. In all samples, 234Th(IV) isoelectric focusing profiles indicated that 49% to 65% of the 234Th(IV) labeled EPS from Roseobacter gallaeciensis, Sagittula stellata, Emiliania huxleyi, Synechococcus elongatus and GOM Station 4-72m was found at a pHIEF of 2 in the IEF spectrum. The carboxylic acid group appeared at the same pHIEF as 234Th(IV) for EPS from Roseobacter gallaeciensis, Emiliania huxleyi, Synechococcus elongatus and GOM colloidal organic matter sample. The phosphate group appeared at the same pHIEF as 234Th(IV) for EPS from Roseobacter gallaeciensis, and Synechococcus elongatus sample. The sulphate group was found at the same pHIEF as 234Th(IV) for EPS from S. elongatus and GOM colloidal organic matter sample. The total polysaccharide content was only 14% and 8%, uronic acids were approximately 5.4% and 87.1%, and total protein content was 2.6% and 6.2% of total carbon content of Sagittula stellata and Synechococcus elongatus, respectively. Monosaccharides identified in both Sagittula stellata and Synechococcus elongatus were galactose, glucose, and xylose in common. In addition, Sagittula stellata contained mannose and Synechococcus elongatus had galactoglucuronic acid. Thus, depending on the species, the size, structural composition, and functional groups of the 234Th(IV)-binding, acidic polysaccharides will vary. From these observations, it is concluded that the steric environment and not necessarily the exact functional group might actually be responsible for thorium-234 complexation to macromolecular organic matter. This research helped to improve our understanding of the observed variability in POC/234Th ratios in the ocean and provided insights into factors that regulate organic carbon export fluxes.
Alvarado Quiroz, Nicolas Gabriel
A Technology Roadmap for Generation IV Nuclear Energy Systems Executive Summary
To meet future energy needs, ten countries--Argentina, Brazil, Canada, France, Japan, the Republic of Korea, the Republic of South Africa, Switzerland, the United Kingdom, and the United States--have agreed on a framework for international cooperation in research for an advanced generation of nuclear energy systems, known as Generation IV. These ten countries have joined together to form the Generation IV International Forum (GIF) to develop future-generation nuclear energy systems that can be licensed, constructed, and operated in a manner that will provide competitively priced and reliable energy products while satisfactorily addressing nuclear safety, waste, proliferation, and public perception concerns. The objective for Generation IV nuclear energy systems is to be available for international deployment before the year 2030, when many of the world's currently operating nuclear power plants will be at or near the end of their operating licenses.
Thorium nanochemistry: the solution structure of the Th(IV)?hydroxo pentamer
Tetravalent thorium exhibits a strong tendency towards hydrolysis and subsequent polymerization. Polymeric species play a crucial role in understanding thorium solution chemistry, since their presence causes apparent solubility several orders of magnitude higher than predicted by thermodynamic data bases. Although electrospray mass spectrometry (ESI MS) identifies Th(IV) dimers and pentamers unequivocally as dominant species close to the solubility limit, the molecular structure of Th{sub 5}(OH){sub y} polymers was hitherto unknown. In the present study, X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) spectroscopy, high energy X-ray scattering (HEXS) measurements, and quantum chemical calculations are combined to solve the pentamer structure. The most favourable structure is represented by two Th(IV) dimers linked by a central Th(IV) cation through hydroxide bridges.
Walther, Clemens; Rothe, J�rg; Schimmelpfennig, Bernd; Fuss, Markus (Karlsruher)
Enhanced oil recovery for thermal processes. First amendment and extension to Annex IV
This report contains the result of efforts under the several tasks of the First Amendment and Extension of Annex IV, Enhanced Oil Recovery Thermal processes. The report is presented in six sections (for each of the six tasks) and each section contains one or more reports prepared by various individuals or groups describing the results of efforts under each one of the tasks. Each section has been abstracted and processed for inclusion in the Energy Data Base. A statement of each task, taken from the agreement, is presented on the first page of each section. The tasks are numbered 8-13. The first report on Annex IV, Venezuela-MEM/USE-DOE Fossil Energy Report IV-1, (DOE/BETC/SP-83/15), contains the results from the first seven tasks. That report is dated April 1983, entitled, EOR Thermal Processes.
Generation IV Nuclear Energy Systems Construction Cost Reductions through the Use of Virtual Environments - Task 5 Report: Generation IV Reactor Virtual Mockup Proof-of-Principle Study
Task 5 report is part of a 3 year DOE NERI-sponsored effort evaluating immersive virtual reality (CAVE) technology for design review, construction planning, and maintenance planning and training for next generation nuclear power plants. Program covers development of full-scale virtual mockups generated from 3D CAD data presented in a CAVE visualization facility. Created a virtual mockup of PBMR reactor cavity and discussed applications of virtual mockup technology to improve Gen IV design review, construction planning, and maintenance planning.
Timothy Shaw; Anthony Baratta; Vaughn Whisker
The development of a web-accessible materials handbook in support of the materials selection and structural design for the Generation IV nuclear reactors is being planned. Background of the reactor program is briefly introduced. Evolution of materials handbooks for nuclear reactors over years is reviewed in light of the trends brought forth by the rapid advancement in information technologies. The framework, major features, contents, and construction considerations of the web-accessible Gen IV Materials Handbook are discussed. Potential further developments and applications of the handbook are also elucidated.
Numerical modeling of piston secondary motion and skirt lubrication in internal combustion engines
Internal combustion engines dominate transportation of people and goods, contributing significantly to air pollution, and requiring large amounts of fossil fuels. With increasing public concern about the environment and ...
McClure, Fiona
Relativistic solar particle events during STIP (study of travelling interplanetary phenomena) intervals II and IV
Using spaceship 'Earth' as a detector located at 1 AU, the relativistic solar cosmic ray events of 30 April 1976 and 22 November 1977 are compared to deduce the relativistic solar particle flux anisotropy and pitch angle characteristics in the interplanetary medium. These two ground level events occurred during STIP Interval II and IV respectively - periods of time of coordinated and cooperative scientific efforts.
Shea, M.A.; Smart, D.F.
EIS-0469: Proposed Wilton IV Wind Energy Center Project, Burleigh County, North Dakota
This EIS evaluates the environmental impacts of interconnecting NextEra Energy Resources proposed Wilton IV Wind Energy Center Project, near Bismarck, North Dakota, to one of DOE�s Western Area Power Administration�s existing substations and to operate NextEra�s existing wind projects in this area above 50 annual MW.
Generation IV Nuclear Energy Systems Ten-Year Program Plan Fiscal Year 2005, Volume 1
As reflected in the U.S. ''National Energy Policy'', nuclear energy has a strong role to play in satisfying our nation's future energy security and environmental quality needs. The desirable environmental, economic, and sustainability attributes of nuclear energy give it a cornerstone position, not only in the U.S. energy portfolio, but also in the world's future energy portfolio. Accordingly, on September 20, 2002, U.S. Energy Secretary Spencer Abraham announced that, ''The United States and nine other countries have agreed to develop six Generation IV nuclear energy concepts''. The Secretary also noted that the systems are expected to ''represent significant advances in economics, safety, reliability, proliferation resistance, and waste minimization''. The six systems and their broad, worldwide research and development (R&D) needs are described in ''A Technology Roadmap for Generation IV Nuclear Energy Systems'' (hereafter referred to as the Generation IV Roadmap). The first 10 years of required U.S. R&D contributions to achieve the goals described in the Generation IV Roadmap are outlined in this Program Plan.
Pseudomonas aeruginosa protease IV degrades surfactant proteins and inhibits surfactant host defense and biophysical functions.
as effectively as untreated surfactant and this effect was inhibited by TLCK. We speculate that protease IV may kinetics and increased minimum surface tension of isolated large surfactant aggregates. This effect, Gwozdz J, Richardson TR, Fisher JH, Burhans MS and Korfhagen TR. Distinct effects of surfactant protein
Hogan, Brigid L.M.
Houston, we have a success story: technology transfer at the NASA IV&V facility
This paper details, from the point of view of researchers and from the point of view of program managers, the development of and technology transfer from NASA's research program in Independent Verification and Validation (IV&V). Keywords: independent verification and validation, research, technology transfer
Ken McGill; Wes Deadrick; Jane Huffman Hayes; Alex Dekhtyar
Second amendment and extension to Annex IV enhanced oil recovery thermal processes
This report contains the result of efforts under the several tasks of the Second Amendment and Extension of Annex IV, Enhanced Oil Recovery Thermal Processes of the Venezuela/USA Energy Agreement. The report is presented in sections (for each of the 12 tasks) and each section contains one or more reports prepared by various individuals or groups describing the results of efforts under each of the tasks. A statement of each task, taken from the agreement, is presented on the first page of each section. The tasks are numbered 11 and 14 through 24. The first and second reports on Annex IV, Venezuela-MEM/USA-DOE Fossil Energy Report IV-1 and Report IV-2 (DOE/BETS/SP-83/15 and DOE/BC-84/6/SP), contain the results from the first 14 tasks, with the exception of an INTEVEP Survey for Task II which is included here. Those reports are dated April 1983 and August 1984 and are both entitled, ''EOR Thermal Processes''. Selected papers have been processed for inclusion in the Energy Data Base.
Peterson, G.; Munoz, J.D.
Method of removing Pu(IV) polymer from nuclear fuel reclaiming liquid
A Pu(IV) polymer not extractable from a nuclear fuel reclaiming solution by conventional processes is electrolytically converted to Pu.sup.3+ and PuO.sub.2.sup.2+ ions which are subsequently converted to Pu.sup.4+ ions extractable by the conventional processes.
Tallent, Othar K. (Oak Ridge, TN); Mailen, James C. (Oak Ridge, TN); Bell, Jimmy T. (Kingston, TN); Arwood, Phillip C. (Harriman, TN)
Characterization of a mixed salt of 1-hydroxy-pyridin-2-one Pu(IV) complexes
X-ray diffraction data for the Pu-(1,2-HOPO) complex wereof the mixed salt of hydroxypyridonate Pu(IV) complexesis presented; [Pu(1,2- HOPO) 3 (H 2 O) 2 �ClO 4 ] [Pu(1,2-
Gorden, Anne E.V.; Xu, Jide; Szigethy, Geza; Oliver, Allen; Shuh, David K.; Raymond, Kenneth N.
Various Kinetic Energy Characteristics of Hailpatterns in the Grossversuch IV Experiment
A regularly spaced 3.8 km2 mesh hailpad network covers 800 km2 in the Grossversuch IV Experiment in Switzerland and allows the recording of distinct hailpatterns and the calculation of their kinetic energy. With natural hailfall data over four ...
Jean Fran�ois Mezeix; Nadie Doras
Definition of the Floating System for Phase IV of OC3
Phase IV of the IEA Annex XXIII Offshore Code Comparison Collaboration (OC3) involves the modeling of an offshore floating wind turbine. This report documents the specifications of the floating system, which are needed by the OC3 participants for building aero-hydro-servo-elastic models.
Jonkman, J.
Updated Generation IV Reactors Integrated Materials Technology Program Plan, Revision 2
The Department of Energy's (DOE's) Generation IV Nuclear Energy Systems Program will address the research and development (R&D) necessary to support next-generation nuclear energy systems. Such R&D will be guided by the technology roadmap developed for the Generation IV International Forum (GIF) over two years with the participation of over 100 experts from the GIF countries. The roadmap evaluated over 100 future systems proposed by researchers around the world. The scope of the R&D described in the roadmap covers the six most promising Generation IV systems. The effort ended in December 2002 with the issue of the final Generation IV Technology Roadmap [1.1]. The six most promising systems identified for next generation nuclear energy are described within the roadmap. Two employ a thermal neutron spectrum with coolants and temperatures that enable hydrogen or electricity production with high efficiency (the Supercritical Water Reactor - SCWR and the Very High Temperature Reactor - VHTR). Three employ a fast neutron spectrum to enable more effective management of actinides through recycling of most components in the discharged fuel (the Gas-cooled Fast Reactor - GFR, the Lead-cooled Fast Reactor - LFR, and the Sodium-cooled Fast Reactor - SFR). The Molten Salt Reactor (MSR) employs a circulating liquid fuel mixture that offers considerable flexibility for recycling actinides, and may provide an alternative to accelerator-driven systems. A few major technologies have been recognized by DOE as necessary to enable the deployment of the next generation of advanced nuclear reactors, including the development and qualification of the structural materials needed to ensure their safe and reliable operation. Accordingly, DOE has identified materials as one of the focus areas for Gen IV technology development.
Corwin, William R [ORNL; Burchell, Timothy D [ORNL; Halsey, William [Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL); Hayner, George [Idaho National Laboratory (INL); Katoh, Yutai [ORNL; Klett, James William [ORNL; McGreevy, Timothy E [ORNL; Nanstad, Randy K [ORNL; Ren, Weiju [ORNL; Snead, Lance Lewis [ORNL; Stoller, Roger E [ORNL; Wilson, Dane F [ORNL
THE UNUSUAL VARIABLE HOT B SUBDWARF LS IV-14{sup 0}116
We first present the results of follow-up photometric observations of the He-rich hot B subdwarf LS IV-14{sup 0}116, which confirm the presence of multiperiodic luminosity variations in the light curve of this star. Rather surprisingly, no other follow-up observations of this kind seem to have been published after the initial suggestion in 2005 that LS IV-14{sup 0}116 could be a pulsating star of a new kind. We were able to extract from our data at least six significant periodicities ranging from 1954 s to 5084 s, including the two oscillations uncovered previously. We also present the results of an analysis combining a high signal-to-noise optical spectrum of LS IV-14{sup 0}116 with recently developed non-local thermodynamic equilibrium model atmospheres and synthetic spectra. Our best estimates of the atmospheric parameters of this star are T{sub eff} = 34950 {+-} 250 K, log g = 5.93 {+-} 0.04, and log N(He)/N(H) = -0.62 {+-} 0.03 (formal fitting errors only). These place LS IV-14{sup 0}116 very near the region of maximum instability in the T{sub eff}-log g plane for short-period p-mode pulsators of the hot subdwarf type. If the luminosity variations are indeed due to pulsations, then LS IV-14{sup 0}116 poses a real challenge to current theory: how can such long observed periods (which would have to be associated with medium- to high-order g-modes) be excited at such a high effective temperature and surface gravity, while the short-period p-modes, more typically excited in this domain, are not observed in this particular star?
Green, E. M.; Guvenen, B.; O'Malley, C. J.; O'Connell, C. J.; Baringer, B. P.; Villareal, A. S.; Carleton, T. M. [Steward Observatory, University of Arizona, 933 North Cherry Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85721 (United States); Fontaine, G.; Brassard, P. [Departement de Physique, Universite de Montreal, Succ. Centre-Ville, C.P. 6128, Montreal, QC H3C 3J7 (Canada); Charpinet, S., E-mail: email@example.com [Universite de Toulouse, UPS-OMP, IRAP, Toulouse (France)
Suirr 300, 955 L*Enfwu Plaza. S. Iv.. Washingron. D.C. 200242174.
Suirr 300, 955 L*Enfwu Plaza. S. Iv.. Washingron. D.C. 200242174. Suirr 300, 955 L*Enfwu Plaza. S. Iv.. Washingron. D.C. 200242174. 7117-03.87.cdy.43 23 September 1987 M r. Andrew Wallo, III, NE-23 Division of Facility & Site Decommissioning Projects U.S. Department of Energy Germantown, Maryland 20545 Dear M r. Wallo: I ELIMINATION~RECOMMENDATION -- COLLEGES AND "NIY$RfITIES / t kphonc (202) d.t%xO The attached elimination recommendation was prepared lin accordance with your suggestion during our meeting on 22 September! The recommenda includes 26 colleges and universities identified.in Enclosure 4 to Aerospace letter subject: Status of Actions - FUSRAP Site' List, dated 27 May 1987; three institutions (Tufts College. University of Virginia, and the University of Washington) currently identified on phe FUSRAP
Microsoft PowerPoint - Roberts, IV and Stewardship (SSAB April 2010).ppt [Compatibility Mode]
Independent Independent Verification and Independent Verification and Stewardship April 29, 2010 Sarah Roberts, CHP Acting Program Director, ORISE IEAV Benefits of IV "IV is an important quality assurance step that ensures cleanup goals have been achieved" (DOE Lessons Learned from Independent have been achieved (DOE Lessons Learned from Independent Verification Activities, July 2008) * Offers a cost-effective way to provide assurance that the site was successfully remediated to the risk-based release criteria was successfully remediated to the risk based release criteria * Enhances public credibility and builds stakeholder trust in environmental cleanup * Provides consistency among multiple D&D projects at a particular site * Ensures D&D plans and reports are technically sound
Proposal for the construction of a Scylla IV-P confinement studies theta pinch
An experimental linear theta-pinch device, called Scylla IV-P, is proposed to obtain important physical and technological data in support of the LASL high-beta confinement program. The major objective of this experiment will be to perform precise studies of the scaling laws for the growth rates of the most important magnetohydrodynamic modes acting in the Scyllac configuration. These experimental checks of theoretical predictions are expected to play a major role in defining the technological parameters of a Physics Test Reactor based upon the toroidal theta-pinch concept. Auxiliary and secondary goals for the Scylla IV-P device will be finite-iongyro-radius effects studies, high-field coil development, wallstabilization experiments, high-density linear theta-pinch studies, and diagnostic development. (auth)
Ellis, W.R. Jr.; Riesenfeld, W.B.; Sawyer, G.A.
The Structure of Dimeric Apolipoprotein A-IV and Its Mechanism of Self-Association
Apolipoproteins are key structural elements of lipoproteins and critical mediators of lipid metabolism. Their detergent-like properties allow them to emulsify lipid or exist in a soluble lipid-free form in various states of self-association. Unfortunately, these traits have hampered high-resolution structural studies needed to understand the biogenesis of cardioprotective high-density lipoproteins (HDLs). We derived a crystal structure of the core domain of human apolipoprotein (apo)A-IV, an HDL component and important mediator of lipid absorption. The structure at 2.4 {angstrom} depicts two linearly connected 4-helix bundles participating in a helix swapping arrangement that offers a clear explanation for how the protein self-associates as well as clues to the structure of its monomeric form. This also provides a logical basis for antiparallel arrangements recently described for lipid-containing particles. Furthermore, we propose a 'swinging door' model for apoA-IV lipid association.
Deng, Xiaodi; Morris, Jamie; Dressmen, James; Tubb, Matthew R.; Tso, Patrick; Jerome, W. Gray; Davidson, W. Sean; Thompson, Thomas B. (UCIN); (Vanderbilt)
Applicability of the sludge processing technical standard to type IV waste tanks with high fluoride concentration
Type IV waste tanks at the Savannah River Plant which contain ballast water (tanks 17, 18, 19, 20, and 24) have solution compositions that are generally within the database developed for corrosion protection of the sludge processing tanks. Therefore the technical standard covering tank chemistry limits during sludge processing is applicable to the Type TV tanks. However, Tank 20 contains levels of fluoride higher than those treated in the sludge processing database. To confirm the applicability of the sludge processing technical standard, cyclic potentiodynamic polarization scans for pitting susceptibility were run in a simulant of the Tank 20 contents. The nitrite inhibitor level specified by the standards did inhibit pitting corrosion in the simulant. Pitting was inhibited also at the same nitrite level but with 30 percent higher concentrations of chloride, fluoride, and sulfate. Thus the sludge processing technical standard has been shown to provide corrosion protection to type IV tanks containing ballast water.
Zapp, P.E.
Public Utility Commission Regulation and Cost-Effectiveness of Title IV: Lessons for CAIR
There is growing evidence that the cost savings potential of the Title IV SO{sub 2} cap-and-trade program is not being reached. PUC regulatory treatment of compliance options appears to provide one explanation for this finding. That suggests that PUCs and utility companies should work together to develop incentive plans that will encourage cost-minimizing behavior for compliance with the EPA's recently issued Clean Air Interstate Rule.
Sotkiewicz, Paul M.; Holt, Lynne
Speciation model selection by Monte Carlo analysis of optical absorption spectra: Plutonium(IV) nitrate complexes
Standard modeling approaches can produce the most likely values of the formation constants of metal-ligand complexes if a particular set of species containing the metal ion is known or assumed to exist in solution equilibrium with complexing ligands. Identifying the most likely set of species when more than one set is plausible is a more difficult problem to address quantitatively. A Monte Carlo method of data analysis is described that measures the relative abilities of different speciation models to fit optical spectra of open-shell actinide ions. The best model(s) can be identified from among a larger group of models initially judged to be plausible. The method is demonstrated by analyzing the absorption spectra of aqueous Pu(IV) titrated with nitrate ion at constant 2 molal ionic strength in aqueous perchloric acid. The best speciation model supported by the data is shown to include three Pu(IV) species with nitrate coordination numbers 0, 1, and 2. Formation constants are {beta}{sub 1}=3.2{+-}0.5 and {beta}{sub 2}=11.2{+-}1.2, where the uncertainties are 95% confidence limits estimated by propagating raw data uncertainties using Monte Carlo methods. Principal component analysis independently indicates three Pu(IV) complexes in equilibrium. (c) 2000 Society for Applied Spectroscopy.
Berg, John M. [Nuclear Materials Technology Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545 (United States); Veirs, D. Kirk [Nuclear Materials Technology Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545 (United States); Vaughn, Randolph B. [Nuclear Materials Technology Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545 (United States); Cisneros, Michael R. [Nuclear Materials Technology Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545 (United States); Smith, Coleman A. [Nuclear Materials Technology Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545 (United States)
Nuclear power is an attractive alternative to hydrocarbon-based energy production at a time when moving away from carbon-producing processes is widely accepted as a significant developmental need. Hence, the radioactive actinide power sources for this industry are necessarily becoming more widespread, which is accompanied by the increased risk of exposure to both biological and environmental systems. This, in turn, requires the development of technology designed to remove such radioactive threats efficiently and selectively from contaminated material, whether that be contained nuclear waste streams or the human body. Raymond and coworkers (University of California, Berkeley) have for decades investigated the interaction of biologically-inspired, hard Lewis-base ligands with high-valent, early-actinide cations. It has been established that such ligands bind strongly to the hard Lewis-acidic early actinides, and many poly-bidentate ligands have been developed and shown to be effective chelators of actinide contaminants in vivo. Work reported herein explores the effect of ligand geometry on the linear U(IV) dioxo dication (uranyl, UO{sub 2}{sup 2+}). The goal is to utilize rational ligand design to develop ligands that exhibit shape selectivity towards linear dioxo cations and provides thermodynamically favorable binding interactions. The uranyl complexes with a series of tetradentate 3-hydroxy-pyridin-2-one (3,2-HOPO) ligands were studied in both the crystalline state as well as in solution. Despite significant geometric differences, the uranyl affinities of these ligands vary only slightly but are better than DTPA, the only FDA-approved chelation therapy for actinide contamination. The terepthalamide (TAM) moiety was combined into tris-beidentate ligands with 1,2- and 3,2-HOPO moieties were combined into hexadentate ligands whose structural preferences and solution thermodynamics were measured with the uranyl cation. In addition to achieving coordinative saturation, these ligands exhibited increased uranyl affinity compared to bis-Me-3,2-HOPO ligands. This result is due in part to their increased denticity, but is primarily the result of the presence of the TAM moiety. In an effort to explore the relatively unexplored coordination chemistry of Pu(IV) with bidentate moieties, a series of Pu(IV) complexes were also crystallized using bidentate hydroxypyridinone and hydroxypyrone ligands. The geometries of these complexes are compared to that of the analogous Ce(IV) complexes. While in some cases these showed the expected structural similarities, some ligand systems led to significant coordination changes. A series of crystal structure analyses with Ce(IV) indicated that these differences are most likely the result of crystallization condition differences and solvent inclusion effects.
Environmental effects of marine energy development around the world. Annex IV Final Report
Annex IV is an international collaborative project to examine the environmental effects of marine energy devices among countries through the International Energy Agency�s Ocean Energy Systems Initiative (OES). The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) serves as the Operating Agent for the Annex, in partnership with the Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM; formerly the Minerals Management Service), the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC), and National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). Numerous ocean energy technologies and devices are being developed around the world, and the few data that exist about the environmental effects of these technologies are dispersed among countries and developers. The purpose of Annex IV is to facilitate efficient government oversight of the development of ocean energy systems by compiling and disseminating information about the potential environmental effects of marine energy technologies and to identify methods of monitoring for these effects. Beginning in 2010, this three-year effort produced a publicly available searchable online database of environmental effects information (Tethys). It houses scientific literature pertaining to the environmental effects of marine energy systems, as well as metadata on international ocean energy projects and research studies. Two experts� workshops were held in Dublin, Ireland (September 2010 and October 2012) to engage with international researchers, developers, and regulators on the scope and outcomes of the Annex IV project. Metadata and information stored in the Tethys database and feedback obtained from the two experts� workshops were used as resources in the development of this report. This Annex IV final report contains three case studies of specific interactions of marine energy devices with the marine environment that survey, compile, and analyze the best available information in one coherent location. These case studies address 1) the physical interactions between animals and tidal turbines; 2) the acoustic impact of marine energy devices on marine animals; and 3) the effects of energy removal on physical systems. Each case study contains a description of environmental monitoring efforts and research studies, lessons learned, and analysis of remaining information gaps. The information collected through the Annex IV effort and referenced in this report, can be accessed on the Tethys database at http://mhk.pnnl.gov/wiki/index.php/Tethys_ Home.
Copping, Andrea; Hanna, Luke; Whiting, Johnathan; Geerlofs, Simon; Grear, Molly; Blake, Kara (Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA (United States)); Coffey, Anna; Massaua, Meghan; Brown-Saracino, Jocelyn; Battey, Hoyt (US Dept. of Energy, Washington, DC (United States))
Session IV
Mar 14, 2012 ... The reactivity of enargite samples from Montana, US and Quiruvilca, Peru were studied under alkaline conditions, pH range of 8-13, using a�...
Mar 14, 2012 ... Texture measurements at HB-3A [HFIR] and HIPPO [LANSCE] showed enhanced or diminished texture components depending on the initial�...
Oct 9, 2012 ... Nanotechnology for Energy, Environment, Healthcare and Industry .... for In Vivo Detection of Dysplasia: Yizheng Zhu1; 1Duke University
Feb 16, 2010... Ohad Levy3; 1Duke University; 2Brigham Young University; 3NRCN ... First Principles Energy Methods: Gerbrand Ceder1; 1Massachusetts�...
Oct 19, 2011 ... Environmentally Assisted Cracking of Carbon Steel in High Temperature Geothermal Well: Sigrun Karlsdottir1; Ingolfur Thorbjornsson1;�...
Further Results of Grossversuch IV: The Effect of the First Rocket Launched into a Potential Hail Cell
The data obtained in Grossversuch IV about hail prevention triggered the hypothesis that only the first rocket launched into a potential hail cell decreases hail kinetic energy in an effect-time interval around 10 min after launching time. ...
J. Bader; W. A. Stahel; W. Schmid
Climatology-Calibrated Precipitation Analysis at Fine Scales: Statistical Adjustment of Stage IV towards CPC Gauge Based Analysis
Two widely used precipitation analyses are the CPC Unified Global Daily Gauge Analysis and Stage IV analysis based on quantitative precipitation estimate with multi-sensor observations. The Former is based on gauge records with a uniform quality ...
Dingchen Hou; Mike Charles; Yan Luo; Zoltan Toth; Yuejian Zhu; Roman Krzysztofowicz; Ying Lin; Pingping Xie; Dong-Jun Seo; Malaquias Pena; Bo Cui
The Path of Carbon in Photosynthesis IV. The Identity and Sequence fo the Intermediates in Sucrose Synthesis
B&TH OF CARBON IN PHOTOSYNTHESIS IV. THE IDENTITY Alii'])eigl, AMS Monograph on Photosynthesis, .in press. UCRL-254in a 9O-second photosynthesis, an activity of 30,000 cpm is
Calvin, M.; Benson, A.
Detection and Quantification of Pu(III, IV, V, and VI) Using a 1.0-meter Liquid Core Waveguide
absorption spectra of Pu ions in 1 M perchloric acidA. ) Pu III, B. )Pu IV, C. ) Pu V (0.001 M HClO 4 ), D. ) Pu VI. D
Wilson, Richard E.; Hu, Yung-Jin; Nitsche, Heino
The economics of pollution permit banking in the context of Title IV of the 1990 Clean Air Act amendments
Tradable pollution permits are the basis of a new market-based approach to environmental control. The Acid Rain Program, established under Title IV of the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990, and aimed at drastically reducing ...
Schennach, Susanne M.
Hydration structures of U(III) and U(IV) ions from ab initio molecular dynamics simulations
We apply DFT+U-based ab initio molecular dynamics simulations to study the hydration structures of U(III) and U(IV) ions, pertinent to redox reactions associated with uranium salts in aqueous media. U(III) is predicted to be coordinated to 8 water molecules, while U(IV) has a hydration number between 7 and 8. At least one of the innershell water molecules of the hydrated U(IV) complex becomes spontaneously deprotonated. As a result, the U(IV)-O pair correlation function exhibits a satellite peak at 2.15 A associated with the shorter U(IV)-(OH{sup -}) bond. This feature is not accounted for in analysis of extended x-ray absorption fine structure and x-ray adsorption near edge structure measurements, which yield higher estimates of U(IV) hydration numbers. This suggests that it may be useful to include the effect of possible hydrolysis in future interpretation of experiments, especially when the experimental pH is close to the reported hydrolysis equilibrium constant value.
Leung, Kevin; Nenoff, Tina M. [Sandia National Laboratories, MS 1415, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185 (United States)
Generation IV Reactors Integrated Materials Technology Program Plan: Focus on Very High Temperature Reactor Materials
Since 2002, the Department of Energy's (DOE's) Generation IV Nuclear Energy Systems (Gen IV) Program has addressed the research and development (R&D) necessary to support next-generation nuclear energy systems. The six most promising systems identified for next-generation nuclear energy are described within this roadmap. Two employ a thermal neutron spectrum with coolants and temperatures that enable hydrogen or electricity production with high efficiency (the Supercritical Water Reactor-SCWR and the Very High Temperature Reactor-VHTR). Three employ a fast neutron spectrum to enable more effective management of actinides through recycling of most components in the discharged fuel (the Gas-cooled Fast Reactor-GFR, the Lead-cooled Fast Reactor-LFR, and the Sodium-cooled Fast Reactor-SFR). The Molten Salt Reactor (MSR) employs a circulating liquid fuel mixture that offers considerable flexibility for recycling actinides and may provide an alternative to accelerator-driven systems. At the inception of DOE's Gen IV program, it was decided to significantly pursue five of the six concepts identified in the Gen IV roadmap to determine which of them was most appropriate to meet the needs of future U.S. nuclear power generation. In particular, evaluation of the highly efficient thermal SCWR and VHTR reactors was initiated primarily for energy production, and evaluation of the three fast reactor concepts, SFR, LFR, and GFR, was begun to assess viability for both energy production and their potential contribution to closing the fuel cycle. Within the Gen IV Program itself, only the VHTR class of reactors was selected for continued development. Hence, this document will address the multiple activities under the Gen IV program that contribute to the development of the VHTR. A few major technologies have been recognized by DOE as necessary to enable the deployment of the next generation of advanced nuclear reactors, including the development and qualification of the structural materials needed to ensure their safe and reliable operation. The focus of this document will be the overall range of DOE's structural materials research activities being conducted to support VHTR development. By far, the largest portion of material's R&D supporting VHTR development is that being performed directly as part of the Next-Generation Nuclear Plant (NGNP) Project. Supplementary VHTR materials R&D being performed in the DOE program, including university and international research programs and that being performed under direct contracts with the American Society for Mechanical Engineers (ASME) Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, will also be described. Specific areas of high-priority materials research that will be needed to deploy the NGNP and provide a basis for subsequent VHTRs are described, including the following: (1) Graphite: (a) Extensive unirradiated materials characterization and assessment of irradiation effects on properties must be performed to qualify new grades of graphite for nuclear service, including thermo-physical and mechanical properties and their changes, statistical variations from billot-to-billot and lot-to-lot, creep, and especially, irradiation creep. (b) Predictive models, as well as codification of the requirements and design methods for graphite core supports, must be developed to provide a basis for licensing. (2) Ceramics: Both fibrous and load-bearing ceramics must be qualified for environmental and radiation service as insulating materials. (3) Ceramic Composites: Carbon-carbon and SiC-SiC composites must be qualified for specialized usage in selected high-temperature components, such as core stabilizers, control rods, and insulating covers and ducting. This will require development of component-specific designs and fabrication processes, materials characterization, assessment of environmental and irradiation effects, and establishment of codes and standards for materials testing and design requirements. (4) Pressure Vessel Steels: (a) Qualification of short-term, high-temperature properties of light water rea
Corwin, William R [ORNL; Burchell, Timothy D [ORNL; Katoh, Yutai [ORNL; McGreevy, Timothy E [ORNL; Nanstad, Randy K [ORNL; Ren, Weiju [ORNL; Snead, Lance Lewis [ORNL; Wilson, Dane F [ORNL
Generation IV Nuclear Energy Systems Construction Cost Reductions through the Use of Virtual Environments - Final Report
Final report of 3 year DOE NERI-sponsored effort evaluating immersive virtual reality (CAVE) technology for design review, construction planning, and maintenance planning and training for next generation nuclear power plants. Program covers development of full-scale virtual mockups generated from 3D CAD data presented in a CAVE visualization facility. Mockups applied to design review of AP600/1000, Construction planning for AP 600, and AP 1000 maintenance evaluation. Proof of concept study also performed for GenIV PBMR models.
Environmental management report, Region IV (pilot project): Attachments A and B. Final report
This report was prepared primarily as an internal document to present to management an overview of environmental status and trends in Region IV and to highlight environmental problems and management implications. This is a part of a series of reports from each of the ten federal Regions of the United States. Discussion is organized by the several programs concerned with different aspects (media) of the environment from air quality to radiation and pesticides. This report covers the States of Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina and Tennessee.
Not Available
Environmental management report, Region IV (pilot project): Parts 1 and 2. Final report
Heterogeneous catalysis in fluoride melts: reduction of uranium(V) and niobium(IV) by hydrogen
The reduction of uranium(V) or niobium(IV) dissolved in fluoride melts at 550/sup 0/C by hydrogen gas in the absence of catalysts exhibits zero-order kinetics, i.e., the quantity reduced per unit time is independent of the concentration of dissolved species or the hydrogen gas partial pressure. Platinum catalysts accelerate the reaction rate 10- to 100-fold and, with uranium(V), the catalyzed reaction exhibits first-order kinetics, suggesting that the catalyzed reaction may be diffusion limited. Platinum was catalytically active when present as platinum black powder, sponge, sheet or powder that has sintered to or alloyed with the gold reaction crucible.
Kelmers, A.D.; Bennett, M.R.
Underground Test Area Subproject Phase I Data Analysis Task. Volume IV - Hydrologic Parameter Data Documentation Package
Volume IV of the documentation for the Phase I Data Analysis Task performed in support of the current Regional Flow Model, Transport Model, and Risk Assessment for the Nevada Test Site Underground Test Area Subproject contains the hydrologic parameter data. Because of the size and complexity of the model area, a considerable quantity of data was collected and analyzed in support of the modeling efforts. The data analysis task was consequently broken into eight subtasks, and descriptions of each subtask's activities are contained in one of the eight volumes that comprise the Phase I Data Analysis Documentation.
Gen IV Materials Handbook Functionalities and Operation (2B) Handbook Version 2.0
Gen IV Materials Handbook Functionalities and Operation (4A) Handbook Version 4.0
Ren, Weiju [ORNL] [ORNL
Seismic Safety Margins Research Program (Phase I). Project IV. Structural building response; Structural Building Response Review
As part of the Phase I effort of the Seismic Safety Margins Research Program (SSMRP) being performed by the University of California Lawrence Livermore Laboratory for the US Nuclear Regulatory Commission, the basic objective of Subtask IV.1 (Structural Building Response Review) is to review and summarize current methods and data pertaining to seismic response calculations particularly as they relate to the objectives of the SSMRP. This material forms one component in the development of the overall computational methodology involving state of the art computations including explicit consideration of uncertainty and aimed at ultimately deriving estimates of the probability of radioactive releases due to seismic effects on nuclear power plant facilities.
Healey, J.J.; Wu, S.T.; Murga, M.
Generic process for preparing a crystalline oxide upon a group IV semiconductor substrate
A process for growing a crystalline oxide epitaxially upon the surface of a Group IV semiconductor, as well as a structure constructed by the process, is described. The semiconductor can be germanium or silicon, and the crystalline oxide can generally be represented by the formula (AO).sub.n (A'BO.sub.3).sub.m in which "n" and "m" are non-negative integer repeats of planes of the alkaline earth oxides or the alkaline earth-containing perovskite oxides. With atomic level control of interfacial thermodynamics in a multicomponent semiconductor/oxide system, a highly perfect interface between a semiconductor and a crystalline oxide can be obtained.
McKee, Rodney A. (Kingston, TN); Walker, Frederick J. (Oak Ridge, TN); Chisholm, Matthew F. (Oak Ridge, TN)
CANDIDATES OF H{alpha} EMITTING REGIONS IN THE MAGELLANIC STREAM IV CLOUD
From H{alpha} narrowband observations, we identified three H{alpha} emitting regions in the direction of Magellanic Stream IV (MS IV). They consist of three parallel filaments of 2 arcmin width and 6-30 arcmin length at 12 arcmin intervals. Their mean surface brightness (SB) is {approx}2 Multiplication-Sign 10{sup -18} erg s{sup -1} cm{sup -2} arcsec{sup -2}. Because of their low SB, the regions were not detected in previous H{alpha} surveys. In the H I map, the position of the filaments overlap MS, suggesting that they are parts of the MS, but there also exists a local H I structure. If the filaments are associated with the MS, the sizes are 30 pc Multiplication-Sign 100-500 pc. The filaments lie at the leading edge of a downstream cloud, which supports shock heating and its propagation (shock cascade) model for the ionizing source. If they are local objects, on the other hand, Fossil Stroemgren Trails of more than two stars is a possible interpretation, and the sizes would be 0.1 pc Multiplication-Sign 0.3-1.5 pc at 180 pc distance. The positional information of the H{alpha} filaments presented in this Letter enables future spectroscopic observations to clarify their nature.
Yagi, Masafumi; Komiyama, Yutaka [Optical and Infrared Astronomy Division, National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8588 (Japan); Yoshida, Michitoshi, E-mail: email@example.com [Hiroshima Astrophysical Science Center, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8526 (Japan)
Prevention of Pu(IV) polymerization in a PUREX-based process
The US Mixed Oxide (MOX) Fuel Fabrication Facility (MFFF) is being designed to produce MOX fuel assemblies for use in domestic, commercial nuclear power reactors, as part of the U.S. DOE efforts to dispose of surplus weapon-grade plutonium. The feed material is plutonium dioxide from surplus weapon grade plutonium. PuO{sub 2}, issued from a pit disassembly and conversion facility (PDCF), will be processed using a flowsheet derived from the La Hague reprocessing plant to remove impurities. The purified PuO{sub 2} will be blended with UO{sub 2} to form mixed oxide pellets, and loaded into fuel rods, to create MOX fuel assemblies based on the process and technology of the MELOX plant in France,. Safety studies are necessary to support the development of the design basis per regulation 10 CFR Part 70 to complete an integrated safety analysis for the MFFF facility. The formation of tetravalent plutonium polymers in certain process vessels of the aqueous polishing (AP) process has been identified as a potential hazard. Based on scientific literature, the following paper demonstrates that within the AP process units, the polymerization of Pu(IV) will not occur and/or will not create a criticality issue even where the acidity may drop below 0.5 N HNO{sub 3}. We will identify and control the conditions under which plutonium (IV) will not polymerize. (authors)
Paviet-Hartmann, Patricia [Idaho State University, 1776 Science Center Drive, Idaho Falls, ID 83402 (United States); Senentz, Gerald [AREVA NC, 1 rue des Herons, 78182 St Quentin en Yvelines (France)
Accurate Electrical Battery Model Capable of Predicting Runtime and I-V Performance
Abstract�Low power dissipation and maximum battery runtime are crucial in portable electronics. With accurate and efficient circuit and battery models in hand, circuit designers can predict and optimize battery runtime and circuit performance. In this paper, an accurate, intuitive, and comprehensive electrical battery model is proposed and implemented in a Cadence environment. This model accounts for all dynamic characteristics of the battery, from nonlinear open-circuit voltage, current-, temperature-, cycle number-, and storage time-dependent capacity to transient response. A simplified model neglecting the effects of self-discharge, cycle number, and temperature, which are nonconsequential in low-power Li-ion-supplied applications, is validated with experimental data on NiMH and polymer Li-ion batteries. Less than 0.4 % runtime error and 30-mV maximum error voltage show that the proposed model predicts both the battery runtime and I�V performance accurately. The model can also be easily extended to other battery and power sourcing technologies. Index Terms�Batteries, cadence simulation, electrical model, I�V performance, nickel-metal hydride battery, polymer lithiumion battery, runtime prediction, test system. I.
Min Chen; Student Member; Gabriel A. Rinc�n-mora; Senior Member
Supporting technology for enhanced oil recovery: Third ammendment and extension to Annex IV enhanced oil recovery thermal processes
This report contains the results of efforts under the seven tasks of the Third Amendment and Extension of Annex IV, Enhanced Oil Recovery Thermal Processes of the Venezuela/USA Agreement. The report is presented in sections (for each of the tasks) and each section contains one or more reports prepared by various individuals or groups describing the results of effort under each of the tasks. A statement of each task, taken from the agreement, is presented on the first page of each section. The tasks are numbered 25 through 31. The first, second, and third reports on Annex IV, ((Venezuela-MEM/USA-DOE Fossil Energy Report IV-1, IV-2, and IV-3 (DOE/BETC/SP-83/15, DOE/BC-84/6/SP, and DOE/BC-86/2/SP)) contain the results from the first 24 tasks. Those reports are dated April 1983, August 1984, and March 1986. Selected papers have been processed for inclusion in the Energy Data Base.
A Project Management and Systems Engineering Structure for a Generation IV Very High Temperature Reactor
The Very High Temperature Reactor (VHTR) will be an advanced, very high temperature (approximately 1000o C. coolant outlet temperature), gas cooled nuclear reactor and is the nearest term of six Generation IV reactor technologies for nuclear assisted hydrogen production. In 2001, the Generation IV International Forum (GIF), a ten nation international forum working together with the Department of Energy�s (DOE) Nuclear Energy Research Advisory Committee (NERAC), agreed to proceed with the development of a technology roadmap and identified the next generation of nuclear reactor systems for producing new sources of power. Since a new reactor has not been licensed in the United States since the 1970s, the risks are too large for a single utility to assume in the development of an unprecedented Generation IV reactor. The government must sponsor and invest in the research to resolve major first of a kind (FOAK) issues through a full-scale demonstration prior to industry implementation. DOE�s primary mission for the VHTR is to demonstrate nuclear reactor assisted cogeneration of electricity and hydrogen while meeting the Generation IV goals for safety, sustainability, proliferation resistance and physical security and economics. The successful deployment of the VHTR as a demonstration project will aid in restarting the now atrophied U.S. nuclear power industry infrastructure. It is envisioned that VHTR project participants will include DOE Laboratories, industry partners such as designers, constructors, manufacturers, utilities, and Generation IV international countries. To effectively mange R&D, engineering, procurement, construction, and operation for this multi-organizational and technologically complex project, systems engineering will be used extensively to ensure delivery of the final product. Although the VHTR is an unprecedented FOAK system, the R&D, when assessed using the Office of Science and Technology Gate Model, falls primarily in the 3rd - Exploratory Development, 4th � Advanced Development, and 5th- Engineering Development stages of maturity rather than in the basic and viability stages. Therefore the R&D must be controlled and project driven from the top down to address specific issues of feasibility, proof of design or support of engineering. The design evolution must be through the systems approach including an iterative process of high-level requirements definition, engineering to focus R&D to verify feasibility, requirements development and conceptual design, R&D to verify design and refine detailed requirements for final detailed design. This paper will define a framework for project management and application of systems engineering at the Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory (INEEL). The VHTR Project includes an overall reactor design and construction activity and four major supporting activities: fuel development and qualification, materials selection and qualification, NRC licensing and regulatory support, and the hydrogen production plant.
Ed Gorski; Dennis Harrell; Finis Southworth
Field Sampling Plan for the Operable Units 6-05 and 10-04 Remedial Action, Phase IV
This Field Sampling Plan outlines the collection and analysis of samples in support of Phase IV of the Waste Area Group 10, Operable Units 6-05 and 10-04 remedial action. Phase IV addresses the remedial actions to areas with the potential for unexploded ordnance at the Idaho National Laboratory Site. These areas include portions of the Naval Proving Ground, the Arco High-Altitude Bombing Range, and the Twin Buttes Bombing Range. The remedial action consists of removal and disposal of ordnance by high-order detonation, followed by sampling to determine the extent, if any, of soil that might have been contaminated by the detonation activities associated with the disposal of ordnance during the Phase IV activities and explosives during the Phase II activities.
R. Wells
Shipment and Disposal of Solidified Organic Waste (Waste Type IV) to the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant (WIPP)
In April of 2005, the last shipment of transuranic (TRU) waste from the Rocky Flats Environmental Technology Site to the WIPP was completed. With the completion of this shipment, all transuranic waste generated and stored at Rocky Flats was successfully removed from the site and shipped to and disposed of at the WIPP. Some of the last waste to be shipped and disposed of at the WIPP was waste consisting of solidified organic liquids that is identified as Waste Type IV in the Contact-Handled Transuranic Waste Authorized Methods for Payload Control (CH-TRAMPAC) document. Waste Type IV waste typically has a composition, and associated characteristics, that make it significantly more difficult to ship and dispose of than other Waste Types, especially with respect to gas generation. This paper provides an overview of the experience gained at Rocky Flats for management, transportation and disposal of Type IV waste at WIPP, particularly with respect to gas generation testing. (authors)
D'Amico, E. L [Washington TRU Solutions (United States); Edmiston, D. R. [John Hart and Associates (United States); O'Leary, G. A. [CH2M-WG Idaho, LLC (United States); Rivera, M. A. [Aspen Resources Ltd., Inc. (United States); Steward, D. M. [Boulder Research Enterprises, LLC (United States)
This paper provides an overview of the methodology approach developed by the Generation IV International Forum Expert Group on Proliferation Resistance & Physical Protection for evaluation of Proliferation Resistance and Physical Protection robustness of Generation IV nuclear energy systems options. The methodology considers a set of alternative systems and evaluates their resistance or robustness to a collection of potential threats. For the challenges considered, the response of the system to these challenges is assessed and expressed in terms of outcomes. The challenges to the system are given by the threats posed by potential proliferant States and sub-national adversaries on the nuclear systems. The characteristics of the Generation IV systems, both technical and institutional, are used to evaluate their response to the threats and determine their resistance against the proliferation threats and robustness against sabotage and theft threats. System response encompasses three main elements: (1) System Element Identification. The nuclear energy system is decomposed into smaller elements (subsystems) at a level amenable to further analysis. (2) Target Identification and Categorization. A systematic process is used to identify and select representative targets for different categories of pathways, within each system element, that actors (proliferant States or adversaries) might choose to use or attack. (3) Pathway Identification and Refinement. Pathways are defined as potential sequences of events and actions followed by the proliferant State or adversary to achieve its objectives (proliferation, theft or sabotage). For each target, individual pathway segments are developed through a systematic process, analyzed at a high level, and screened where possible. Segments are connected into full pathways and analyzed in detail. The outcomes of the system response are expressed in terms of PR&PP measures. Measures are high-level characteristics of a pathway that include information important to the evaluation methodology users and to the decisions of a proliferant State or adversary. They are first evaluated for segments and then aggregated for complete pathways. Results are aggregated as appropriate to permit pathway comparisons and system assessment. The paper highlights the current achievements in the development of the Proliferation Resistance and Physical Protection Evaluation Methodology. The way forward is also briefly presented together with some conclusions.
Evaluation Methodology For Proliferation Resistance And Physical Protection Of Generation IV Nuclear Energy Systems: An Overview
This paper provides an overview of the methodology approach developed by the Generation IV International Forum Expert Group on Proliferation Resistance & Physical Protection for evaluation of Proliferation Resistance and Physical Protection robustness of Generation IV nuclear energy systems options. The methodology considers a set of alternative systems and evaluates their resistance or robustness to a collection of potential threats. For the challenges considered, the response of the system to these challenges is assessed and expressed in terms of outcomes. The challenges to the system are given by the threats posed by potential proliferant States and sub-national adversaries on the nuclear systems. The characteristics of the Generation IV systems, both technical and institutional, are used to evaluate their response to the threats and determine their resistance against the proliferation threats and robustness against sabotage and theft threats. System response encompasses three main elements: 1.System Element Identification. The nuclear energy system is decomposed into smaller elements (subsystems) at a level amenable to further analysis. 2.Target Identification and Categorization. A systematic process is used to identify and select representative targets for different categories of pathways, within each system element, that actors (proliferant States or adversaries) might choose to use or attack. 3.Pathway Identification and Refinement. Pathways are defined as potential sequences of events and actions followed by the proliferant State or adversary to achieve its objectives (proliferation, theft or sabotage). For each target, individual pathway segments are developed through a systematic process, analyzed at a high level, and screened where possible. Segments are connected into full pathways and analyzed in detail. The outcomes of the system response are expressed in terms of PR&PP measures. Measures are high-level characteristics of a pathway that include information important to the evaluation methodology users and to the decisions of a proliferant State or adversary. They are first evaluated for segments and then aggregated for complete pathways. Results are aggregated as appropriate to permit pathway comparisons and system assessment. The paper highlights the current achievements in the development of the Proliferation Resistance and Physical Protection Evaluation Methodology. The way forward is also briefly presented together with some conclusions.
T. Bjornard; R. Bari; R. Nishimura; P. Peterson; J. Roglans; D. Bley; J. Cazalet; G.G.M. Cojazzi; P. Delaune; M. Golay; G. Rendad; G. Rochau; M. Senzaki; I. Therios; M. Zentner
Recent Results from the EVN MkIV Data Processor at JIVE
Recent achievements at the EVN MkIV data processor at JIVE include decreasing the read-out time for the whole correlator to 0.25 seconds (or 0.125 s for half the correlator), improving the end quality of user data (e.g., applying an improved 2-bit van Vleck correction), developing new astronomical capabilities (e.g., oversampling to x 4, wider-field mapping), and strengthening liaison procedures with PIs (e.g., pipelining, the EVN Archive facility). At the same time, the move to a disk-based EVN and regular incorporation of FTP fringe-checks is well underway, resulting in more reliable data quality. We will review these developments, highlighting how they may broaden the kinds of astronomy you can do. We'll also go over some measures you can take to help you get the most out of these new/improved features.
R. M. Campbell
BigBOSS: The Ground-Based Stage IV BAO Experiment
The BigBOSS experiment is a proposed DOE-NSF Stage IV ground-based dark energy experiment to study baryon acoustic oscillations (BAO) and the growth of structure with an all-sky galaxy redshift survey. The project is designed to unlock the mystery of dark energy using existing ground-based facilities operated by NOAO. A new 4000-fiber R=5000 spectrograph covering a 3-degree diameter field will measure BAO and redshift space distortions in the distribution of galaxies and hydrogen gas spanning redshifts from 0.2< z< 3.5. The Dark Energy Task Force figure of merit (DETF FoM) for this experiment is expected to be equal to that of a JDEM mission for BAO with the lower risk and cost typical of a ground-based experiment.
Schlegel, David; Bebek, Chris; Heetderks, Henry; Ho, Shirley; Lampton, Michael; Levi, Michael; Mostek, Nick; Padmanabhan, Nikhil; Perlmutter, Saul; Roe, Natalie; Sholl, Michael; Smoot, George; White, Martin; Dey, Arjun; Abraham, Tony; Jannuzi, Buell; Joyce, Dick; Liang, Ming; Merrill, Mike; Olsen, Knut; Salim, Samir
Godiva IV and Juliet Diagnostics CED-1, Rev. 1 (IER-176)
The Juliet experiment is currently in preliminary design (IER-128). This experiment will utilize a suite of diagnostics to measure the physical state of the device (temperature, surface motion, stress, etc.) and the total and time rate of change of neutron and gamma fluxes. A variety of potential diagnostics has been proposed in this CED-1 report. Based on schedule and funding, a subset of diagnostics will be selected for testing using the Godiva IV pulsed reactor as a source of neutrons and gammas. The diagnostics development and testing will occur over a two year period (FY12-13) culminating in a final set of diagnostics to be fielded for he Juliet experiment currently proposed for execution in FY15.
Scorby, J C; Myers, W L
The purpose of this research project is to develop compact (100 to 400 MWe) Generation IV nuclear power plant design and layout concepts that maximize the benefits of factory-based fabrication and optimal packaging, transportation and siting. The reactor concepts selected were compact designs under development in the 2000 to 2001 period. This interdisciplinary project was comprised of three university-led nuclear engineering teams identified by reactor coolant type (water, gas, and liquid metal) and a fourth Industrial Engineering team. The reactors included a Modular Pebble Bed helium-cooled concept being developed at MIT, the IRIS water-cooled concept being developed by a team led by Westinghouse Electric Company, and a Lead-Bismuth-cooled concept developed by UT. In addition to the design and layout concepts this report includes a section on heat exchanger manufacturing simulations and a section on construction and cost impacts of proposed modular designs.
Mynatt Fred R.; Townsend, L.W.; Williamson, Martin; Williams, Wesley; Miller, Laurence W.; Khan, M. Khurram; McConn, Joe; Kadak, Andrew C.; Berte, Marc V.; Sawhney, Rapinder; Fife, Jacob; Sedler, Todd L.; Conway, Larry E.; Felde, Dave K.
Analysis of Godiva-IV delayed-critical and static super-prompt-critical conditions
Super-prompt-critical burst experiments were conducted on the Godiva-IV assembly at Los Alamos National Laboratory from the 1960s through 2005. Detailed and simplified benchmark models have been constructed for four delayed-critical experiments and for the static phase of a super-prompt-critical burst experiment. In addition, a two-dimensional cylindrical model has been developed for the super-prompt-critical condition. Criticality calculations have been performed for all of those models with four modern nuclear data libraries: ENDFIB-VI, ENDF/8-VII.0, JEFF-3.1 , and JENDL-3.3. Overall, JENDL-3.3 produces the best agreement with the reference values for k{sub eff}.
Mosteller, Russell D [Los Alamos National Laboratory; Goda, Joetta M [Los Alamos National Laboratory
Developing for Web Integration in Sisyphus-IV: WebGrid-II Experience
The Sisyphus-IV initiative was proposed to encourage research based on the collaborative use of knowledge acquisition and management tools through the net and web and, in particular, the integration of web tools at different sites through the net. This article describes experience in the provision of web-based services for knowledge elicitation, analysis, comparison, modeling and inference to remote users accessing them through the net using a standard web browser. It describes the key features of the system architecture, provision for the support of remote users, how collaboration is supported, and the various means whereby integration is achieved with other systems. 1 Introduction One major dimension of research reported through the Knowledge Acquisition Workshops is that theories, methodologies and techniques have been made operational through their implementation in tools that have been demonstrated to the community. It was natural also to attempt to share these tools in order to...
Brian Gaines And; Brian R. Gaines; Mildred L. G. Shaw
Environmental assessment for operations, upgrades, and modifications in SNL/NM Technical Area IV
The proposed action for this EA for Sandia National Laboratories/New Mexico Technical Area IV, includes continuing existing operations, modification of an existing accelerator (Particle Beam Fusion Accelerator II) to support defnese-related Z-pinch experiments, and construction of two transformer oil storage tanks to support the expansion of the Advanced Pulsed Power Research Module, a single pulse accelerator. Based on the analyses in the EA, DOE believes that the proposed action is not a major federal action significantly affecting the quality of the human environment within the meaning of NEPA and CEQ NEPA implementing regulations in 40 CFR 1508.18 and 1508.27. Therefore, an environmental impact statement is not required, and a Finding of No Significant Impact is issued.
Is your resNet support boat sinking?: try outsourcing!
Skidmore is a small liberal arts College with 1,800 residential students. Nearly every student has their own computer and some have more than one, so support is becoming an ever increasing challenge. With viruses, worms and spyware running rampant in ... Keywords: outsource, resNet, students, support
Brien G. Muller; Mark A. Bauer
Development of Modeling Techniques for A Generation IV Gas Fast Reactor
Worldwide, multiple countries are investing a great deal of time and energy towards developing a new class of technologically advanced nuclear reactors. These new reactors have come to be known as the Generation IV (Gen IV) class of nuclear reactors. Similarly to the other designs, the Gas Fast Reactor (GFR) has many advantages, such as electricity production at high efficiency, hydrogen production, minor actinide burning capabilities, etc. However, there are currently no immediate plans to build a GFR due to uncertainties regarding safety issues. The study conducted herein contains input techniques for the development of new neutronic and thermal hydraulic input decks for the United States (US) Department of Energy (DOE) GFR design. The Monte Carlo N-Particle (MCNP) and MELCOR codes are used to model neutronic and thermal hydraulic characteristics, respectively. These codes are used with the intention of gaining further insight into GFR design and steady state operating characteristics of the US DOE GFR. Descriptions of inputs for all input decks, along with the results of the execution of both input decks can be found in this thesis. Although many alterations are made to original design specifications, results found in this thesis support the design modifications that have been made. Results suggest that steady-state operation of the GFR is a plausible possibility, given the right conditions. The lack of design criteria for both the reflector and borated shield regions imposes a necessity of invention upon all those who seek to clarify design criteria for the US DOE GFR. Furthermore, resulting temperature profiles for the fuel, cladding and coolant give rise to the possibility of the design of a system, based on thermionic principles, that converts core thermal energy directly to electricity. Such a system is envisioned to provide electricity to a decay heat removal system and possibly increase plant efficiency.
Dercher, Andrew Steven
High Efficiency Thermionics (HET-IV) and Converter Advancement (CAP) programs. Final reports
This report contains the final report of the High Efficiency Thermionics (HET-IV) Program, Attachment A, performed at Rasor Associates, Inc. (RAI); and the final report of the Converter Advancement Program (CAP), performed at the Bettis Atomic Power Laboratory, Attachment B. The phenomenology of cesium-oxygen thermionic converters was elucidated in these programs, and the factors that had prevented the achievement of stable, enhanced cesium-oxygen converter performance for the previous thirty years were identified. Based on these discoveries, cesium-oxygen vapor sources were developed that achieved stable performance with factor-of-two improvements in power density and thermal efficiency, relative to conventional, cesium-only ignited mode thermionic converters. Key achievements of the HET-IV/CAP programs are as follows: a new technique for measuring minute traces of oxygen in cesium atmospheres; the determination of the proper range of oxygen partial pressures for optimum converter performance--10{sup {minus}7} to 10{sup {minus}9} torr; the discovery, and analysis of the cesium-oxygen liquid migration and compositional segregation phenomena; the successful use of capillary forces to contain the migration phenomenon; the use of differential heating to control compositional segregation, and induce vapor circulation; the development of mechanically and chemically stable, porous reservoir structures; the development of precise, in situ oxygen charging methods; stable improvements in emitter performance, up to effective emitter bare work functions of 5.4 eV; stable improvements in barrier index, to value below 1.8 Volts; the development of detailed microscopic models for cesium-oxygen reservoir dynamics and collector work function behavior; and the discovery of new relationships between electrode geometry and Schock Instability.
Geller, C.B.; Murray, C.S.; Riley, D.R. [Bettis Atomic Power Lab., West Mifflin, PA (United States)] [Bettis Atomic Power Lab., West Mifflin, PA (United States); Desplat, J.L.; Hansen, L.K.; Hatch, G.L.; McVey, J.B.; Rasor, N.S. [Rasor Associates, Inc., Sunnyvale, CA (United States)] [Rasor Associates, Inc., Sunnyvale, CA (United States)
Direct 4D-Var Assimilation of NCEP Stage IV Radar and Gauge Precipitation Data at ECMWF
Direct four-dimensional variational data assimilation (4D-Var) of NCEP stage IV radar and gauge precipitation observations over the eastern United States has been developed and tested in ECMWF�s global Integrated Forecasting System. This is the ...
Philippe Lopez
.F-84500 Bollène, France. ABSTRACT The Phénix nuclear power plant has been a French Sodium Fast Reactor20 F POWER MEASUREMENT FOR GENERATION IV SODIUM FAST REACTORS R. COULON, S. NORMAND, M. MICHEL, L at the Phénix reactor shows that the use of 20 F as power tagging agent gives a fast and accurate power
I-V analysis of high-energy lithium-ion-irradiated Si and GaAs solar cells
Space-grade Si and GaAs solar cells were irradiated with 15 and 40 MeV lithium ions. Dark-IV analysis (with and without illumination) reveals differences in the effects of such irradiation on the different cell types
A. Meulenberg Jr; B. Jayashree; Ramani; M. C. Radhakrishna; A. K. Saif
Recreational Marine Industry Over 30 years of FRP boat building experience stands behind today's pleasure boats. Complex
; Vlosky 2002 #12;s The first MDF plant started up four years ago and now there are 3 or 4, so furniture for exotic wood veneer layup. Pressing veneer on MDF will give the most defect-free, flat and smooth surface
Colton, Jonathan S.
EnEnvironmental Mobility of Pu(IV) in the Presence of Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid: Myth or Reality
Ethylenediaminetetracetic acid (EDTA), which was co-disposed with Pu at several U. S. Department of Energy sites, has been reported to enhance the solubility and transport of Pu. It is generally assumed that this enhanced transport of Pu in geologic environments is a result of complexation of Pu(IV) with EDTA. However, the fundamental bases for this assumption have never been fully explored. Whether EDTA can mobilize Pu(IV) in geologic environments is dependent on many factors, chief among them are not only the complexation constants of Pu with EDTA and dominant oxidation state and the nature of Pu solids, but also 1) the complexation constants of environmentally important metal ions (e.g. Fe, Al, Ca, Mg) that compete with Pu for EDTA and 2) EDTA interactions with geomedia (e.g., adsorption, biodegradation) that reduce effective EDTA concentrations available for complexation. Extensive studies over a large range of pH values (1 to 14) and EDTA concentrations (0.0001 to 0.01 M) as a function of time were conducted on the solubility of 2-line ferrihydrite (Fe(OH)3(s)), PuO2(am) in the presence of different concentrations of Ca ions, and mixtures of PuO2(am) and Fe(OH)3(s). The solubility data were interpreted using Pitzer�s ion-interaction approach to determine/validate the solubility product of Fe(OH)3(s), the complexation constants of Pu(IV)-EDTA and Fe(III)-EDTA, and to determine the affect of EDTA in solubilizing Pu(IV) from PuO2(am) in the presence of Fe(III) compounds and aqueous Ca concentrations. Predictions based on these extensive fundamental data show that environmental mobility of Pu as a result of Pu(IV)-EDTA complexation as reported/implied in the literature is a myth rather than the reality.
Rai, Dhanpat; Moore, Dean A.; Rosso, Kevin M.; Felmy, Andrew R.; Bolton, Harvey
Type IV waste tanks were designed and built to store waste that does not require auxiliary cooling. Each Type IV tank is a single-shell tank constructed of a steel-lined pre-stressed concrete tank in the form of a vertical cylinder with a concrete domed roof. There are four such tanks in F-area, Tanks 17-20F, and four in H-Area, Tanks 21-24H. Leak sites were discovered in the liners for Tanks 19 and 20F in the 1980's. Although these leaks were visually observed, the investigation to determine the mechanism by which the leaks had occurred was not completed at that time. Therefore, a concern was raised that the same mechanism which caused the leak sites in the Tanks in F-area may also be operable in the H-Area tanks. Data from the construction of the tanks (i.e., certified mill test reports for the steel, no stress-relief), the service history (i.e., waste sample data, temperature data), laboratory tests on actual wastes and simulants (i.e., electrochemical testing), and the results of the visual inspections were reviewed. The following observations and conclusions were made: (1) Comparison of the compositional and microstructural features indicate that the A212 material utilized for construction of the H-Area tanks are far more resistant to SCC than the A285 materials used for construction of the F-Area tanks. (2) A review of the materials of construction, temperature history, service histories concluded that F-Area tanks likely failed by caustic stress corrosion cracking. (3) The environment in the F-Area tanks was more aggressive than that experienced by the H-Area tanks. (4) Based on a review of the service history, the H-Area tanks have not been exposed to an environment that would render the tanks susceptible to either nitrate stress corrosion cracking (i.e., the cause of failures in the Type I and II tanks) or caustic stress corrosion cracking. (5) Due to the very dilute and uninhibited solutions that have been stored in Tank 23H, vapor space corrosion has occurred on some of areas of the liner. The mild pitting that was observed is broad and shallow and has no structural impact. Further significant pit growth has not been observed since the 1980's.
Wiersma, B
Excitation energies, polarizabilities, multipole transition rates, and lifetimes in Th IV
Excitation energies of the ns_{1/2} (n=7-10), np_j (n=7-9), nd_j (n=6-8), nf_{j} (n=5-7), and ng_{j} (n=5-6) states in Th IV are evaluated. First-, second-, third-, and all-order Coulomb energies and first- and second-order Coulomb-Breit energies are calculated. Reduced matrix elements, oscillator strengths, transition rates, and lifetimes are determined for the 96 possible nl_j-n'l'_j' electric-dipole transitions. Multipole matrix elements (7s_{1/2}-6d_j, 7s_{1/2}-5f_j, and 5f_{5/2}-5f_{7/2}) are evaluated to obtain the lifetimes of the $5f_{7/2}$ and 7s_{1/2}$ states. Matrix elements are calculated using both relativistic many-body perturbation theory, complete through third order, and a relativistic all-order method restricted to single and double (SD) excitations. Scalar and tensor polarizabilities for the 5f_{5/2} ground state in Th3+ are calculated using relativistic third-order and all-order methods. These calculations provide a theoretical benchmark for comparison with experiment and theory.
Safronova, U I; Safronova, M S
Testing, planning, and redrilling of Geothermal Test Hole GT-2, Phases IV and V. Progress report
Holes GT-2 and EE-1 comprise the two deep drill holes of the Los Alamos Hot Dry Rock Geothermal Energy Extraction Experiment. EE-1 had been directionally drilled to intersect a hydraulic fracture extending outward from near the bottom of GT-2, thus completing the underground circulation loop. After the drilling of EE-1, a 16-month period of experimental testing ensued to determine the characteristics of the reservoir. This period is designated as Phase IV and includes work done in GT-2 and EE-1. As a result of this testing, it was determined that parallel fracture zones existed at the bottoms of both holes, and that the impedance to flow between the holes was too high for a meaningful flow experiment. A plan was then adopted to directionally drill out of GT-2 at a depth of about 2600 m (8500 ft) to intersect the fracture zone near the bottom of EE-1 to create a better connection. The directional drilling strategy, cementing practices, bit selections, coring procedures, and logging results comprise the Phase V work.
Pettitt, R.A.
Assessing the potential visibility benefits of Clean Air Act Title IV emission reductions
Assessments are made of the benefits of the 1990 Clean Air Act Title IV (COVE), Phase 2, SO2 and NOX reduction provisions, to the visibility in typical eastern and western Class 1 areas. Probable bands of visibility impairment distribution curves are developed for Shenandoah National Park, Smoky Mountain National Park and the Grand Canyon National Park, based on the existing emissions, ``Base Case``, and for the COVE emission reductions, ``CAAA Case``. Emission projections for 2010 are developed with improved versions of the National Acid Precipitation Assessment Program emission projection models. Source-receptor transfer matrices created with the Advanced Statistical Trajectory Regional Air Pollution (ASTRAP) model are used with existing emission inventories and with the emission projections to calculate atmospheric concentrations of sulfate and nitrate at the receptors of interest for existing and projected emission scenarios. The Visibility Assessment Scoping Model (VASM) is then used to develop distributions of visibility impairment. VASM combines statistics of observed concentrations of particulate species and relative humidity with ASTRAP calculations of the relative changes in atmospheric sulfate and nitrate particulate concentrations in a Monte Carlo approach to produce expected distributions of hourly particulate concentrations and RH. Light extinction relationships developed in theoretical and field studies are then used to calculate the resulting distribution of visibility impairment. Successive Monte Carlo studies are carried out to develop sets of visibility impairment distributions with and without the COVE emission reductions to gain insight into the detectability of expected visibility improvements.
Trexler, E.C. Jr. [USDOE, Washington, DC (United States); Shannon, J.D. [Argonne National Lab., IL (United States)
Planning manual for energy resource development on Indian lands. Volume IV. The environment
Many Indian tribes own rich deposits of very valuable energy resources. Existing and proposed uses of these tribal resources range from limited development of small oil and gas fields to large-scale extraction and conversion of coal, uranium, and oil shale. The adverse environmental impacts of such projects may create a conflict between a tribe's environmental policies and its economic, employment, and other long-term goals. The purpose of this volume is to provide tribal decision makers with reference documents on the mechanisms that are available to resolve such conflicts. This report focuses on the role of existing environmental laws in enabling tribes to achieve the needed balance among its objectives. Over a dozen major Federal statutes have been enacted to achieve this purpose. One law, the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA), provides procedures to ensure that environmental factors are included in the Federal decision-making process. Numerous other laws, such as the Clean Air Act, have been enacted to prevent or control any negative environmental impacts of actual projects. This volume documents the key provisions of the laws and regulations, and discusses their effectiveness in meeting total needs. Also, tribal options to strengthen these mechanisms are highlighted. Sections II and III report on the role of NEPA in tribal development decisions. Section IV reviews those laws and regulations that control project operations.
Method and apparatus for I-V data acquisition from solar cells
A method and apparatus for logging current-voltage (I-V) characteristic d of a solar cell module (10) in two modes using a portable instrument. One mode controls the load current through a circuit (36) in 256 equal intervals while voltage is measured from open circuit to at least halfway into the knee of the curve and the other mode controls the load voltage through a circuit (34) in 256 equal intervals from the lowest voltage measurement possible (short circuit) to at least halfway into the knee of the curve, under control of a microcomputer (12). All measurements are packed by discarding each measurement that is within 0.5% of the value predicted from two previous measurements, except every ninth (9th) measurement which is retained. The remaining data is further packed into a memory block of a detachable storage medium (14) by recording the data points in sequence following a header containing data common to all points, with each point having the value of the controlled parameter recorded as the number of increments from the previous point recorded followed by the measured value. The detachable storage medium is preferably a solid state device for reliability, and is transferable to a playback terminal which unpacks the data for analysis and display.
Cole, Steven W. (Covina, CA)
Optimized FFTF Acceptance Test Program covering Phases III, IV, and V
A detailed review of Phases III, IV, and V of the FFTF Acceptance Test Program has been completed. The purpose of this review was to formulate that test sequence which not only meets requirements for safe, reliable and useful operation of the plant, but also results in the earliest prudent demonstration of full-power performance. A test sequence based on the underlying assumption that sodium flows into the secondary sodium storage tank (T-44) no later than August 31, 1978, is described in detail. A time-scale which allows extra time to put systems and equipment into operation the first time, debugging, and learning how to operate most effectively has been superimposed on the test sequence. Time is not included for major equipment malfunctions. This test plan provides the basis for coordinating the many and varied activities and interfaces necessary for successful and timely execution of the FFTF Acceptance Test Program. In this report, the need dates have been identified for presently scheduled test articles and standard core components.
Wykoff, W.R.; Jones, D.H.
Emergency Decay Heat Removal in a GEN-IV Gas-Cooled Fast Reactor
A series of transient analyses using the system code RELAP5-3d has been performed to confirm the efficacy of a proposed hybrid active/passive combination approach to the decay heat removal for an advanced 2400 MWt GEN-IV gas-cooled fast reactor. The accident sequence of interest is a station blackout simultaneous with a small break (10 sq.inch/0.645 m{sup 2}) in the reactor vessel. The analyses cover the three phases of decay heat removal in a depressurization accident: (1) forced flow cooling by the power conversion unit (PCU) coast down, (2) active forced flow cooling by a battery powered blower, and (3) passive cooling by natural circulation. The blower is part of an emergency cooling system (ECS) that by design is to sustain passive decay heat removal via natural circulation cooling 24 hours after shutdown. The RELAP5 model includes the helium-cooled reactor, the ECS (primary and secondary side), the PCU with all the rotating machinery (turbine and compressors) and the heat transfer components (recuperator, pre-cooler and inter-cooler), and the guard containment that surrounds the reactor and the PCU. The transient analysis has demonstrated the effectiveness of passive decay heat removal by natural circulation cooling when the guard containment pressure is maintained at or above 800 kPa. (authors)
Cheng, Lap Y.; Ludewig, Hans; Jo, Jae [Brookhaven National Laboratory, P.O. Box 5000, Upton, NY 11973-5000 (United States)
DOE Fuel Cell Technologies Office Record 13010: Onboard Type IV Compressed Hydrogen Storage Systems - Current Performance and Cost
DOE Fuel Cell Technologies Office Record Record #: 13010 Date: June 11, 2013 Title: Onboard Type IV Compressed Hydrogen Storage Systems - Current Performance and Cost Originators: Scott McWhorter and Grace Ordaz Approved by: Sunita Satyapal Date: July 17, 2013 Item: This record summarizes the current status of the projected capacities and manufacturing costs of Type IV, 350- and 700-bar compressed hydrogen storage systems, storing 5.6 kg of usable hydrogen, for onboard light-duty automotive applications when manufactured at a volume of 500,000 units per year. The current projected performance and cost of these systems are presented in Table 1 against the DOE Hydrogen Storage System targets. These analyses were performed in support of the Hydrogen Storage
Polar distortion in ultra-thin BaTiO3 films by in situ LEED-IV
Phase stability in nanoscale ferroelectrics is governed by the interplay of electrostatic depolarization energy, domain formation, adsorption, and surface band bending. Using in situ low-energy electron-diffraction intensity versus voltage (LEED I-V), we have characterized 4 and 10 ML BaTiO{sub 3} films, grown using pulsed laser deposition with fully compressive strain on a SrRuO{sub 3}/SrTiO{sub 3} substrate. LEED I-V reveals a single surface dead layer and a monodomain vertically polarized state below. The single orientation is attributed to the intrinsic imprint asymmetry and the stability of a polarized phase to compensation of depolarizing charges by dipoles induced by surface stress.
Shin, Junsoo [ORNL; Nascimento, Von B [ORNL; Borisevich, Albina Y [ORNL; Plummer, E Ward [ORNL; Kalinin, Sergei V [ORNL; Baddorf, Arthur P [ORNL
Suhr 7900.955 L*E+ru Pkzza. S. Iv.. Washington, D.C. 20024-i
Suhr 7900.955 L*E+ru Pkzza. S. Iv.. Washington, D.C. 20024-i Suhr 7900.955 L*E+ru Pkzza. S. Iv.. Washington, D.C. 20024-i 7117~03.8J.cdy.4 23 September 19E M r. Andrew Wallo, III, NE-23 Division of Facility & Site Decommissioning Projects U.S. Department of Energy Germantown, Maryland 20545 Dear M r. Wallo: ELIMINATION RECOMMENDATION -- COLLEGES AND UN11 The attached elimination recommendation was prepar with your suggestion during our meeting on 22 September includes 26 colleges and universities identified.in Enc Aerospace letter subject: Status of Actions - F&RAP ! 27 May 1987; three institutions (Tufts College, Univerr and the University of Washington) currently identified list of sites under consideration; and six institution: tified during a search of Hanford records. The attached was prepared to document the eliminai
IV IV An Historical Summary of the Installed Cost of Photovoltaics in the United States from 1998 to 2010 Galen Barbose Naïm Darghouth Ryan Wiser Joachim Seel September 2011 Tracking the Sun IV Contents An Historical Summary of the Installed Cost of Photovoltaics in the United States from 1998 to 2010 Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Primary Authors: Galen Barbose, Naïm Darghouth, Ryan Wiser, and Joachim Seel Executive Summary ...................................................................................................... 1 1. Introduction .............................................................................................................. 5 2. Data Summary .......................................................................................................... 8
Dissolution of Technetium(IV) Oxide by Natural and Synthetic Organic Ligands Under both Reducing and Oxidizing Conditions
Technetium-99 (Tc) in nuclear waste is a significant environmental concern due to its long half-life and high mobility in the subsurface. Reductive precipitation of Tc(IV) oxides [TcO2(s)] is an effective means of immobilizing Tc, thereby impeding its migration in groundwater. However, TcO2(s) is subject to dissolution by oxidants and/or complexing agents. In this study we ascertain the effects of a synthetic organic ligand, ethylenediaminetetraacetate (EDTA), and two natural humic isolates on the dissolution and solubility of Tc(IV) oxides. Pure synthetic TcO2(s) (0.23 mM) was used in batch experiments to determine dissolution kinetics at pH ~6 under both reducing and oxidizing conditions. All organic ligands were found to enhance the dissolution of Tc(IV) oxides, increasing their solubility from ~10-8 M (without ligands) to 4 10-7 M under strictly anoxic conditions. Reduced Tc(IV) was also found to re-oxidize rapidly under oxic conditions, with an observed oxidative dissolution rate approximately an order of magnitude higher than that of ligand-promoted dissolution under reducing conditions. Significantly, oxidative dissolution was inhibited by EDTA but enhanced by humic acid compared with experiments without any complexing agents. The redox functional properties of humics, capable of facilitating intra-molecular electron transfer, may account for this increased oxidation rate under oxic conditions. Our results highlight the importance of complex interactions for the stability and mobility of Tc, and thus for the long-term fate of Tc in contaminated environments.
Gu, Baohua [ORNL; Dong, W. [Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL); Liang, Liyuan [ORNL; Wall, Nathalie [Washington State University
Extraction of Th(IV) and U(VI) by dihexyl-N,N-diethylcarbamoylmethylphosphonate from aqueous nitrate media
The extraction behavior of Th(IV) and U(VI) from nitrate media was studied using relatively pure dihexyl-N,N-diethylcarbamoylmethylphosphonate (DHDECMP). The data were compared with analogous measurements obtained with dibutyl butylphosphonate (DB(BP)). It was found that the extractant dependency is second power for U(VI) with both DHDECMP and DB(BP). However, the extractant dependency for Th(IV) is third power for DB(BP) but varied from 2.5 to 2.0 power for DHDECMP depending on the total nitrate concentration. The K/sub d/ data do not support the theory that DHDECMP is an effective chelating agent for actinide ions. Significant differences between DHDECMP and DB(BP) do appear in the extraction behavior of Th(IV) from 1 to 5 M HNO/sub 3/. These differences are explained by the ability of DHDECMP to buffer itself against the effects of HNO/sub 3/ by protonation of the amide group.
Horwitz, E.P.; Kalina, D.G.; Muscatello, A.C.
ON THE CHALLENGING VARIABILITY OF LS IV-14{sup 0}116: PULSATIONAL INSTABILITIES EXCITED BY THE {epsilon}-MECHANISM
We investigate the pulsation driving mechanism responsible for the long-period photometric variations observed in LS IV-14{sup 0}116, a subdwarf B star showing a He-enriched atmospheric composition. To this end, we perform detailed nonadiabatic pulsation computations over fully evolutionary post-He-core-flash stellar structure models, appropriate for hot subdwarf stars at evolutionary phases previous to the He-core burning stage. We found that the variability of LS IV-14{sup 0}116 can be attributed to non-radial g-mode pulsations excited by the {epsilon}-mechanism acting in the He-burning shells that appear before the star settles in the He-core burning stage. Even more interestingly, our results show that LS IV-14{sup 0}116 could be the first known pulsating star in which the {epsilon}-mechanism of mode excitation is operating. Last but not the least, we find that the period range of destabilized modes is sensitive to the exact location of the burning shell, something that might help in distinguishing between the different evolutionary scenarios proposed for the formation of this star.
Miller Bertolami, M. M.; Corsico, A. H.; Althaus, L. G., E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com [Facultad de Ciencias Astronomicas y Geofisicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Paseo del Bosque s/n, 1900 La Plata (Argentina)
The determination of PCBs in Rocky Flats Type IV waste sludge by gas chromatography/electron capture detection. Part 2
Before disposal, radioactive sludge (Type IV) from Rocky Flats Plant (RFP) must be evaluated for polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) content. The Type IV sludge consists of organic solvents, degreasers, cutting oils, and transuranic (TRU) waste mixed with calcium silicate (MicroCel E{reg_sign} and Oil Dri{reg_sign} to form a grease or paste-like material. For laboratory testing, a nonradioactive simulated Type 17V RFP sludge was prepared at Argonne National Laboratory-East (ANL-E). This sludge has a composition similar to that expected from field samples. In an earlier effort, a simplified method was developed for extraction, cleanup of extract, and determination of PCBs in samples of simulated sludge spiked with Aroclors 1254 and 1260. The simplified method has now been used to determine the presence and quantities of other Aroclors in the simulated sludge, namely, Aroclors 10 1 6, 1221, 1232, 1242, and 1248. The accuracy and precision of the data for these Aroclors were found to be similar to the data for sludges spiked with Aroclors 1254 and 1260. Since actual sludges may vary in composition, the method was also verified by analyzing another source of Type IV simulated sludge, prepared by Argonne National Laboratory-West (ANL-W).
Parish, K.J.; Applegate, D.V.; Postlethwait, P.D.; Boparai, A.S.; Reedy, G.T.
Directed synthesis of crystalline plutonium (III) and (IV) oxalates: accessing redox-controlled separations in acidic solutions
Both binary and ternary solid complexes of Pu(III) and Pu(IV) oxalates have been previously reported in the literature. However, uncertainties regarding the coordination chemistry and the extent of hydration of some compounds remain mainly because of the absence of any crystallographic characterization. Single crystals of hydrated oxalates of Pu(III), Pu{sub 2}(C{sub 2}O{sub 4}){sub 3}(H{sub 2}O){sub 6}{center_dot}3H{sub 2}O (I) and Pu(IV), KPu(C{sub 2}O{sub 4}){sub 2}(OH){center_dot}2.5H{sub 2}O (II), were synthesized under moderate hydrothermal conditions and characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction studies. Compounds I and II are the first plutonium(III) or (IV) oxalate compounds to be structurally characterized via single crystal X-ray diffraction studies. Crystallographic data for I: monoclinic, space group P21/c, a = 11.246(3) A, b = 9.610(3) A, c = 10.315(3) A, Z = 4 and II: monoclinic, space group C2/c, a = 23.234(14) A, b = 7.502(4) A, c = 13.029(7) A, Z = 8.
Runde, Wolfgang [Los Alamos National Laboratory; Brodnax, Lia F [Los Alamos National Laboratory; Goff, George S [Los Alamos National Laboratory; Bean, Amanda C [Los Alamos National Laboratory; Scott, Brian L [Los Alamos National Laboratory
Development of a High Fidelity System Analysis Code for Generation IV Reactors
Traditional nuclear reactor system analysis codes such as RELAP and TRAC employ an operator split methodology. In this approach, each of the physics (fluid flow, heat conduction and neutron diffusion) is solved separately and the coupling terms are done explicitly. This approach limits accuracy (first order in time at best) and makes the codes slow in running since the explicit coupling imposes stability restrictions on the time step size. These codes have been extensively tested and validated for the existing LWRs. However, for GEN IV nuclear reactor designs which tend to have long lasting transients resulting from passive safety systems, the performance is questionable and modern high fidelity simulation tools will be required. The requirement for accurate predictability is the motivation for a large scale overhaul of all of the models and assumptions in transient nuclear reactor safety simulation software. At INL we have launched an effort with the long term goal of developing a high fidelity system analysis code that employs modern physical models, numerical methods, and computer science for transient safety analysis of GEN IV nuclear reactors. Modern parallel solution algorithms will be employed through utilizing the nonlinear solution software package PETSc developed by Argonne National Laboratory. The physical models to be developed will have physically realistic length scales and time scales. The solution algorithm will be based on the physics-based preconditioned Jacobian-free Newton-Krylov solution methods. In this approach all of the physical models are solved implicitly and simultaneously in a single nonlinear system. This includes the coolant flow, nonlinear heat conduction, neutron kinetics, and thermal radiation, etc. Including modern physical models and accurate space and time discretizations will allow the simulation capability to be second order accurate in space and in time. This paper presents the current status of the development efforts as well as some results from analyzing a simplified primary system model of GNEP�s advanced burner test reactor (ABTR) designed by Argonne. Various transient analyses are performed with this simplified ABTR model to study two fundamental issues related to system analysis codes � accuracy of numeric algorithm and efficiency. The accuracy study is carried by comparing the second order method with the first order method. The results show that numerical errors in the first order method are large and it is very difficult to distinguish numerical errors from physical modeling errors. On the other hand, second order method yields small numerical errors and it is very easy to spot physical modeling errors. The efficiency study is carried out by comparing the time steps for the fully implicit solution algorithm versus CFL stability limit methods. The dynamic time steps used in a fully implicit method will adjust the time step to resolve the time scale during the various stages of a long lasting transient. This will make a computer code based on fully implicit methods run more efficiently versus a CFL stability limit method code like RELAP, in which a particle of fluid cannot cross a control volume in a single time step.
Hongbin Zhang; Vincent Mousseau; Haihua Zhao
Nuclear data uncertainty analysis for the generation IV gas-cooled fast reactor
For the European 2400 MW Gas-cooled Fast Reactor (GoFastR), this paper summarizes a priori uncertainties, i.e. without any integral experiment assessment, of the main neutronic parameters which were obtained on the basis of the deterministic code system ERANOS (Edition 2.2-N). JEFF-3.1 cross-sections were used in conjunction with the newest ENDF/B-VII.0 based covariance library (COMMARA-2.0) resulting from a recent cooperation of the Brookhaven and Los Alamos National Laboratories within the Advanced Fuel Cycle Initiative. The basis for the analysis is the original GoFastR concept with carbide fuel pins and silicon-carbide ceramic cladding, which was developed and proposed in the first quarter of 2009 by the 'French alternative energies and Atomic Energy Commission', CEA. The main conclusions from the current study are that nuclear data uncertainties of neutronic parameters may still be too large for this Generation IV reactor, especially concerning the multiplication factor, despite the fact that the new covariance library is quite complete; These uncertainties, in relative terms, do not show the a priori expected increase with bum-up as a result of the minor actinide and fission product build-up. Indeed, they are found almost independent of the fuel depletion, since the uncertainty associated with {sup 238}U inelastic scattering results largely dominating. This finding clearly supports the activities of Subgroup 33 of the Working Party on International Nuclear Data Evaluation Cooperation (WPEC), i.e. Methods and issues for the combined use of integral experiments and covariance data, attempting to reduce the present unbiased uncertainties on nuclear data through adjustments based on available experimental data. (authors)
Pelloni, S.; Mikityuk, K. [Paul Scherrer Inst., 5232 Villigen PSI (Switzerland)
A Pronounced Upper-Tropospheric Warm Anomaly Encountered by the NOAA G-IV Aircraft in the Vicinity of Deep Convection
Recent flights near deep convection by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's Gulfstream-IV surveillance aircraft have occasionally experienced significant positive temperature anomalies that sometimes impact the aircraft ...
Robert Rogers; Sim Aberson; John Kaplan; Stan Goldenberg
Impact on Hurricane Track and Intensity Forecasts of GPS Dropwindsonde Observations from the First-Season Flights of the NOAA Gulfstream-IV Jet Aircraft
In 1997, the Tropical Prediction Center (TPC) began operational Gulfstream-IV jet aircraft missions to improve the numerical guidance for hurricanes threatening the continental United States, Puerto Rico, and the Virgin Islands. During these ...
Sim D. Aberson; James L. Franklin
Sensitivity of Urban Airshed Model (UAM-IV) Calculated Air Pollutant Concentrations to the Vertical Diffusion Parameterization during Convective Meteorological Situations
It is shown that Urban Airshed Model (UAM-IV) calculated air pollutant concentrations during photochemical smog episodes in Atlanta, Georgia, depend strongly on the numerical parameterization of the daytime vertical diffusivity. Results found ...
Peter Nowacki; Perry J. Samson; Sanford Sillman
Migration of Np through the subsurface is expected to be primarily controlled by sorption to sediments. Therefore, understanding and quantifying Np sorption to sediments and sediments from the Savannah River Site (SRS) is vital to ensure safe disposal of Np bearing wastes. In this work, Np sorption to two sediments representing the geological extremes with respect to sorption properties expected in the SRS subsurface environment (named 'subsurface sandy sediment' and 'subsurface clayey sediment') was examined under a variety of conditions. First a series of baseline sorption tests at pH 5.5 under an oxic atmosphere was performed to understand Np sorption under typical subsurface conditions. These experiments indicated that the baseline K{sub d} values for the subsurface sandy and subsurface clayey sediments are 4.26 {+-} 0.24 L kg{sup -1} and 9.05 {+-} 0.61 L kg{sup -1}, respectively. These Np K{sub d} values of SRS sediments are the first to be reported since Sheppard et al. (1979). The previous values were 0.25 and 0.16 L kg{sup -1} for a low pH sandy sediment. To examine a possible range of K{sub d} values under various environmental scenarios, the effects of natural organic matter (NOM, also a surrogate for cellulose degradation products), the presence of various chemical reductants, and an anaerobic atmosphere on Np sorption were examined. The presence of NOM resulted in an increase in the Np K{sub d} values for both sediments. This behavior is hypothesized to be the result of formation of a ternary Np-NOM-sediment complex. Slight increases in the Np sorption (K{sub d} 13-24 L kg{sup -1}) were observed when performing experiments in the presence of chemical reductants (dithionite, ascorbic acid, zero-valent iron) or under anaerobic conditions. Presumably, the increased sorption can be attributed to a slight reduction of Np(V) to Np(IV), the stronger sorbing form of Np. The most significant result of this study is the finding that Np weakly sorbs to both end member sediments and that Np only has a slight tendency to reduce to its stronger sorbing form, even under the most strongly reducing conditions expected under natural SRS conditions. Also, it appears that pH has a profound effect on Np sorption. Based on the these new measurements and the revelations about Np redox chemistry, the following changes to 'Best K{sub d}' values, as defined in Kaplan (2006), for SRS performance assessment calculations are recommended.
Kaplan, D.
Off-center impurity in alkali halides: reorientation, electric polarization and pairing to F center. IV. Reorientational rate
This last Part IV is aimed at deriving relaxation rates (times) of an off-center Li+ impurity. We follow Christov's reaction rate method to define general rate equations in terms of the exact Mathieu eigenvalues, as well as of harmonic-oscillator eigenvalues approximating for the energy spectrum near the bottom of the reorientational wells. To calculate the rate in each particular case, we derive configurational tunneling probabilities by either Mathieu eigenfunctions or by harmonic oscillator eigenfunctions. The electron-transfer probability is calculated by generalizing Landau-Zener's method. Typical examples are considered and compared with experimental relaxation times in KCl:Li+.
Baldacchini, G; Grassano, U M; Scacco, A; Petrova, P; Mladenova, M; Ivanovich, M; Georgiev, M
Estimate of the allowable dimensions of diagnosed defects in category III and IV welded pipeline joints{sup 1}
An approach for estimating the permissible dimensions of technological defects in butt welded joints in category III and IV pipelines is described. The allowable size of a welding defect is determined from the condition of compliance with the specifications on strength for a reference cross section (damaged joint) of the pipeline taking into account its weakening by a given defect.With regard to the fairly widespread discovery of technological defects in butt welded joints during diagnostics of auxiliary pipelines for thermal electric power plants, the proposed approach can be used in practice by repair and consulting organizations.
Grin', E. A.; Bochkarev, V. I. [JSC 'All-Russia Thermal Engineering Institute' (JSC 'VTI') (Russian Federation)] [JSC 'All-Russia Thermal Engineering Institute' (JSC 'VTI') (Russian Federation)
Source-Term and building-Wake Consequence Modeling for the Godiva IV Reactor at Los Alamos National Laboratory
The objectives of this work were to evaluate the consequences of a postulated accident to onsite security personnel stationed near the facility during operations of the Godiva IV critical assembly and to identify controls needed to protect these personnel in case of an extreme criticality excursion equivalent to the design-basis accident (DBA). This paper presents the methodology and results of the source-term calculations, building ventilation rates, air concentrations, and consequence calculations that were performed using a multidisciplinary approach with several phenomenology models. Identification of controls needed to mitigate the consequences to near-field receptors is discussed.
Letellier, B.C.; McClure, P.; Restrepo, L.
Overburden characterization and post-burn study of the Hanna IV, underground coal gasification site, Wyoming, and comparison to other Wyoming UCG sites
Analysis of 21 post-burn cores taken from the Hanna IV UCG site allows 96 m (315 ft) of overburden to be subdivided into four local stratigraphic units. The 7.6 m (25 ft) thick Hanna No. 1 coal seam is overlain by a laterally discontinuous, 3.3 m (11 ft) thick shaley mudstone (Unit A') in part of the Hanna IV site. A more widespread, 30 m (90 ft) thick well-indurated sandstone (Unit A) overlies the A' unit. Unit A is the roof rock for both of the Hanna IV cavities. Overlying Unit A is a 33 m (108 ft) thick sequence of mudstone and claystone (Unit B), and the uppermost unit at the Hanna IV site (Unit C) is a coarse-grained sandstone that ranges in thickness from 40 to 67 m (131 to 220 ft). Two elliptical cavities were formed during the two phases of the Hanna IV experiment. The larger cavity, Hanna IVa, is 45 x 15 m in plan and has a maximum height of 18 m (59 ft) from the base of the coal seam to the top of the cavity; the Hanna IVb cavity is 40 x 15 m in plan and has a maximum height of 11 m (36 ft) from the base of the coal seam to the top of the cavity. Geotechnical tests indicated that the Hanna IV overburden rocks were moderately strong to strong, based on the empirical classification of Broch and Franklin (1972), and a positive, linear correlation exists between rock strength and volume percent calcite cement. There is an inverse linear correlation between rock strength and porosity for the Hanna IV overburden rocks. 28 refs., 34 figs., 13 tabs..
Marcouiller, B.A.; Burns, L.K.; Ethridge, F.G.
Progress reports for Gen IV sodium fast reactor activities FY 2007.
An important goal of the US DOE Sodium Fast Reactor (SFR) program is to develop the technology necessary to increase safety margins in future fast reactor systems. Although no decision has been made yet about who will build the next demonstration fast reactor, it seems likely that the construction team will include a combination of international companies, and the safety design philosophy for the reactor will reflect a consensus of the participating countries. A significant amount of experience in the design and safety analysis of Sodium Fast Reactors (SFR) using oxide fuel has been developed in both Japan and France during last few decades. In the US, the traditional approach to reactor safety is based on the principle of defense-in-depth, which is usually expressed in physical terms as multiple barriers to release of radioactive material (e.g. cladding, reactor vessel, containment building), but it is understood that the 'barriers' may consist of active systems or even procedures. As implemented in a reactor design, defense-in-depth is classed in levels of safety. Level 1 includes measures to specify and build a reliable design with significant safety margins that will perform according to the intentions of the designers. Level 2 consists of additional design measures, usually active systems, to protect against unlikely accidental events that may occur during the life of the plant. Level 3 design measures are intended to protect the public in the event of an extremely unlikely accident not foreseen to occur during the plant's life. All of the design measures that make up the first three levels of safety are within the design basis of the plant. Beyond Level 3, and beyond the normal design basis, there are accidents that are not expected to occur in a whole generation of plants, and it is in this class that severe accidents, i.e. accidents involving core melting, are included. Beyond design basis measures to address severe accidents are usually identified as being for prevention of progression into severe accident conditions (prevention of core melting) or for mitigation of severe accident consequences (mitigation of the impact of core melting to protect public health and safety). Because design measures for severe accident prevention and mitigation are beyond the normal design basis, established regulatory guidelines and codes do not provide explicit identification of the design performance requirements for severe accident accommodation. The treatment of severe accidents is one of the key issues of R&D plans for the Gen IV systems in general, and for the Sodium Fast Reactor (SFR) in particular. Despite the lack of an unambiguous definition of safety approach applicable for severe accidents, there is an emerging consensus on the need for their consideration for the design. The US SFR program and Argonne National Laboratory (ANL) in particular have actively studied the potential scenarios and consequences of Hypothetical Core Disruptive Accidents (HCDA) for SFRs with oxide fuel during the Fast Flux Test Facility (FFTF) and Clinch River Breeder Reactor Plant (CRBRP) programs in the 70s and 80s. Later, the focus of the US SFR safety R&D activities shifted to the prevention of all HCDAs through passive safety features of the SFRs with metal fuel in the Integral Fast Reactor (IFR) program, and the study of severe accident consequences was de-emphasized. The goal of this paper is to provide an overview of the current SFR safety approach and the role of severe accidents in Japan and France, in preparation for an expected and more active collaboration in this area between the US, Japan, and France.
Cahalan, J. E.; Tentner, A. M.; Nuclear Engineering Division
Challenges to Integration of Safety and Reliability with Proliferation Resistance and Physical Protection for Generation IV Nuclear Energy Systems
The optimization of a nuclear energy system's performance requires an integrated consideration of multiple design goals - sustainability, safety and reliability (S&R), proliferation resistance and physical protection (PR&PP), and economics - as well as careful evaluation of trade-offs for different system design and operating parameters. Design approaches motivated by each of the goal areas (in isolation from the other goal areas) may be mutually compatible or in conflict. However, no systematic methodology approach has yet been developed to identify and maximize synergies and optimally balance conflicts across the possible design configurations and operating modes of a nuclear energy system. Because most Generation IV systems are at an early stage of development, design, and assessment, designers and analysts are only beginning to identify synergies and conflicts between PR&PP, S&R, and economics goals. The close coupling between PR&PP and S&R goals has motivated early attention within the Generation IV International Forum to their integrated consideration to facilitate the optimization of their effects and the minimization of potential conflicts. This paper discusses the status of this work.
H. Khalil; P. F. Peterson; R. Bari; G. -L. Fiorini; T. Leahy; R. Versluis
Remedial Design/Remedial Action Work Plan for Operable Units 6-05 and 10-04, Phase IV
This Phase IV Remedial Design/Remedial Action Work Plan addresses the remediation of areas with the potential for UXO at the Idaho National Laboratory. These areas include portions of the Naval Proving Ground, the Arco High-Altitude Bombing Range, and the Twin Buttes Bombing Range. Five areas within the Naval Proving Ground that are known to contain UXO include the Naval Ordnance Disposal Area, the Mass Detonation Area, the Experimental Field Station, The Rail Car Explosion Area, and the Land Mine Fuze Burn Area. The Phase IV remedial action will be concentrated in these five areas. For other areas, such as the Arco High-Altitude Bombing Range and the Twin Buttes Bombing Range, ordnance has largely consisted of sand-filled practice bombs that do not pose an explosion risk. Ordnance encountered in these areas will be addressed under the Phase I Operations and Maintenance Plan that allows for the recovery and disposal of ordnance that poses an imminent risk to human health or the environment.
R. P. Wells
www.mdpi.com/journal/ijms Role of Homeodomain Leucine Zipper (HD-Zip) IV Transcription Factors in Plant Development and Plant Protection from Deleterious Environmental Factors
Abstract: Homeobox genes comprise an important group of genes that are responsible for regulation of developmental processes. These genes determine cell differentiation and cell fate in all eukaryotic organisms, starting from the early stages of embryo development. Homeodomain leucine zipper (HD-Zip) transcription factors are unique to the plant kingdom. Members of the HD-Zip IV subfamily have a complex domain topology and can bind several cis-elements with overlapping sequences. Many of the reported HD-Zip IV genes were shown to be specifically or preferentially expressed in plant epidermal or sub-epidermal cells. HD-Zip IV TFs were found to be associated with differentiation and maintenance of outer cell layers, and regulation of lipid biosynthesis and transport. Insights about the role of these proteins in plant cuticle formation, and hence their possible involvement in plant protection from pathogens and abiotic stresses has just started to emerge. These roles make HD-Zip IV proteins an attractive tool for genetic engineering of crop plants. To this end, there is a need for in-depth studies to further clarify the function of each HD-Zip IV subfamily member in commercially important plant species.
William Chew; Maria Hrmova; Sergiy Lopato
Recovery of plutonium from HEPA filters by Ce(IV): promoted dissolution of PuO/sub 2/ and recycle of the cerium promoter
Studies carried out in this investigation included (1) electrolytic production of Ce(IV) from Ce(III), (2) leaching of refractory PuO/sub 2/ from HEPA filters with maintenance of Ce(IV) by anodic oxidation during leaching, and (3) evaluation of methods for contacting the HEPA solids with the leaching solution and for separating the solid residue from the leaching liquor. Anodic oxidation of Ce(III) was accomplished with an electric current efficiency of about 85% at current densities of 0.04 to 0.4 A/dm/sup 2/ at Pt anode. Refractory PuO/sub 2/ was dissolved by a 4.0 M HNO/sub 3/ - 0.1 M Ce(IV) solution in 1.5 h at 100/sup 0/C using stirred-contact leaching of the solids or by recirculating the leachant through a packed column of the solids. Cerium(IV) concentrations were maintained continuously by anodic oxidation throughout leaching. Dissolution times up to 10 h were required unless the HEPA media were oxidized initially in air at 300/sup 0/C to destroy carbonaceous species which consumed Ce(IV) more rapidly than it could be regenerated be anodic oxidation. Leaching solids in packed columns avoided the relatively difficult liquid-solids separation by centrifugation which was required after stirred-contact leaching; however, the solids handling difficulties remain. A flowsheet is proposed for the recovery of actinides from HEPA filters. A 4 M HNO/sub 3/ - 0.1 M Ce(IV) nitrate solution is used as the leachant and the Ce(III) is recycled to the leaching operation using bidentate solvent extraction.
Scheitlin, F.M.; Bond, W.D.
A Qualitative Assessment of Diversion Scenarios for an Example Sodium Fast Reactor Using the GEN IV PR&PP Methodology
FAST REACTORS;NUCLEAR ENERGY;NUCLEAR MATERIALS MANAGEMENT;PROLIFERATION;SAFEGUARDS;THEFT; A working group was created in 2002 by the Generation IV International Forum (GIF) for the purpose of developing an internationally accepted methodology for assessing the Proliferation Resistance of a nuclear energy system (NES) and its individual elements. A two year case study is being performed by the experts group using this methodology to assess the proliferation resistance of a hypothetical NES called the Example Sodium Fast Reactor (ESFR). This work demonstrates how the PR and PP methodology can be used to provide important information at various levels of details to NES designers, safeguard administrators and decision makers. The study analyzes the response of the complete ESFR nuclear energy system to different proliferation and theft strategies. The challenges considered include concealed diversion, concealed misuse and 'break out' strategies. This paper describes the work done in performing a qualitative assessment of concealed diversion scenarios from the ESFR.
Zentner, Michael D.; Coles, Garill A.; Therios, Ike
Accuracy in Powder Diffraction IV (APD IV)
... Roger Durst - 3.2 Bruker AXS, USA. ... Jonathon Wright - 7.1 European Synchrotron Radiation Facility ... David L. Bish - 11.2 Indiana University, USA. ...
A Comparison of the Safety Analysis Process and the Generation IV Proliferation Resistance/Physical Protection Assessment Methodology
The Generation IV International Forum (GIF) is a vehicle for the cooperative international development of future nuclear energy systems. The Generation IV program has established primary objectives in the areas of sustainability, economics, safety and reliability, and Proliferation Resistance and Physical Protection (PR&PP). In order to help meet the latter objective a program was launched in December 2002 to develop a rigorous means to assess nuclear energy systems with respect to PR&PP. The study of Physical Protection of a facility is a relatively well established methodology, but an approach to evaluate the Proliferation Resistance of a nuclear fuel cycle is not. This paper will examine the Proliferation Resistance (PR) evaluation methodology being developed by the PR group, which is largely a new approach and compare it to generally accepted nuclear facility safety evaluation methodologies. Safety evaluation methods have been the subjects of decades of development and use. Further, safety design and analysis is fairly broadly understood, as well as being the subject of federally mandated procedures and requirements. It is therefore extremely instructive to compare and contrast the proposed new PR evaluation methodology process with that used in safety analysis. By so doing, instructive and useful conclusions can be derived from the comparison that will help to strengthen the PR methodological approach as it is developed further. From the comparison made in this paper it is evident that there are very strong parallels between the two processes. Most importantly, it is clear that the proliferation resistance aspects of nuclear energy systems are best considered beginning at the very outset of the design process. Only in this way can the designer identify and cost effectively incorporate intrinsic features that might be difficult to implement at some later stage. Also, just like safety, the process to implement proliferation resistance should be a dynamic, iterative process that continually evolves with the design.
T. A. Bjornard; M. D. Zentner
The Disposition of Silver Released from Soviet OBLAKO Rockets in Precipitation during the Hail Suppression Experiment Grossversuch IV. Part II: Case Studies of Seeded Cells
This paper describes analyses of data collected from four seeded storms during the 1978 summer program of Grossversuch IV in Switzerland. The storms all met the Soviet criteria for hail-forming potential and were seeded with Soviet-type OBLAKO ...
J. P. Lacaux; J. A. Warburton; J. Fournet-Fayard; P. Waldteufel
JOURNAL DE PHYSIQUE IV Colloque C8, supplment au Journal de Physique III, Volume 4, septembre 1994 C8-47
/matrixinterface strength for a silicon-carbide-fiber-reinforced, titanium-alloy metal-matrix composite was measured.1051/jp4:1994806 #12;JOURNALDE PHYSIQUE IV relation for silicon-carbide-fiber by impacting the end of a fiber extending through a thin specimen with a diamond-tipped projectile at ~2 m
Paris-Sud XI, Université de
A comparison of precipitation occurrence from the NCEP StageIV QPE Product and the CloudSat Cloud Profiling Radar
Due to its extensive quality control procedures and uniform space-time grid, the NCEP StageIV merged WSR-88D radar and surface rain gauge dataset is often considered to be the best long-term gridded dataset of precipitation observations covering ...
Mark Smalley; Tristan L�Ecuyer; Matthew Lebsock; John Haynes
OES-IA Annex IV: Environmental Effects of Marine and Hydrokinetic Devices - Report from the Experts� Workshop September 27th � 28th 2010 Clontarf Castle, Dublin Ireland
An experts' workshop was convened in Dublin Ireland September 27th � 28th 2010 in support of IEA Ocean Energy Systems Implementing Agreement Annex IV. PNNL was responsible for organizing the content of the workshop, overseeing the contractors (Irish Marine Institute) hosting the event, presenting material on Annex IV and materials applicable to the workshop intent. PNNL is also overseeing a contractor (Wave Energy Center/University of Plymouth � WEC/UP) in the collection and analysis of the Annex IV data. Fifty-eight experts from 8 countries attended the workshop by invitation, spending two days discussing the needs of Annex IV. Presentations by DOE (background on Annex IV), PNNL (process for developing Annex IV; presentation of the draft database for PNNL project, plans for incorporating Annex IV data), WEC/UP on the environmental effect matrix, and four MHK developers (two from the UK, one from Ireland and one from Sweden; each discussing their own projects and lessons learned for measuring and mitigating environmental effects, as well as interactions with consenting [permitting] processes) helped provide background. The workshop participants worked part of the time in the large group and most of the time in four smaller breakout groups. Participants engaged in the process and provided a wealth of examples of MHK environmental work, particularly in the European nations. They provided practical and actionable advice on the following: � Developing the Annex IV database, with specific uses and audiences � Strong consensus that we should collect detailed metadata on available data sets, rather than attempting to draw in copious datasets. The participants felt there would then be an opportunity to then ask for specific set of data as needed, with specific uses and ownership of the data specified. This is particularly important as many data collected, particularly in Europe but also in Canada, are proprietary; developers were not comfortable with the idea of handing over all their environmental effects data, but all said they would entertain the request if they specifics were clear. � The recommendation was to collect metadata via an online interactive form, taking no more than one hour to complete. � Although the idea of cases representing the �best practices� was recognized as useful, the participants pointed out that there are currently so few MHK projects in the water, that any and all projects were appropriate to highlight as �cases�. There was also discomfort at the implication that �best practices� implied �lesser practices�; this being unhelpful to a new and emerging industry. � Workshop participants were asked if they were willing to continue to engage in the Annex IV process; all expressed willingness. The workshop was successful in adequately addressing its objectives and through participation and interaction in the breakout sessions around the various topics. As a result of the workshop, many delegates are now better informed and have a greater understanding of the potential environmental effects of MHK devices on the marine environment. There is now a greater sense of understanding of the issues involved and consensus by those regulators, developers and scientists who attended the workshop. A strong network has also been built over the two days between European and US/Canadian technical experts in wave and tidal energy.
Copping, Andrea E.; O'Toole, Michael J.
Evaluation of EPA Region IV Standard Operating Procedures for decontamination of field equipment when sampling for volatile organic compounds
Decontamination procedures for use at CERCLA sites where the US Environmental protection Agency (EPA) Region IV is the lead agency are specified in their Standard Operating Procedures (SOP) document. Under certain circumstances, the objectives of proper decontamination can be obtained without utilizing the full procedure as specified in the SOP. Because some treatment methods may introduce low levels of organic constituents into water (e.g., chlorination), the use of treated potable water would actually have an adverse effect on the decontamination procedure compared to the use of an untreated potable supply. Certified organic-free water, the cost of which ranges from five dollars per gallon to over sixty dollars per gallon may also be unnecessary in some cases. Distilled water samples from seven different suppliers (at a cost of less than a dollar per gallon) were analyzed for Target Compound List (TCL) volatile, organic compounds (VOCs) or benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylenes (BTEX). Fifty of the samples analyzed for BTEX contained no detectable amounts of these compounds, and twenty-six of the samples analyzed for TCL VOCs contained no detectable concentration. The use of solvent rinses may cause false positives during sampling. Field experiments have shown that isopropanol may degrade to acetone under some circumstances. In many cases, particularly when sampling ground water or decontaminating drilling equipment, the elimination of this step should not adversely affect sample quality. 8 refs., 1 fig., 3 tabs.
Brice, D.A. (Westinghouse Materials Co. of Ohio, Cincinnati, OH (USA). Feed Materials Production Center); Kelley, M.E. (Geraghty and Miller, Inc., Oak Ridge, TN (USA))
Three-Dimensional Topological Insulators in I-III-VI2 and II-IV-V2 Chalcopyrite Semiconductors
The recent discovery of topological insulators with exotic metallic surface states has garnered great interest in the fields of condensed matter physics and materials science.1 A number of spectacular quantum phenomena have been predicted when the surface states are under the influence of magnetism and superconductivity,2 5 which could open up new opportunities for technological applications in spintronics and quantum computing. To achieve this goal, material realization of topological insulators with desired physical properties is of crucial importance. Based on first-principles calculations, here we show that a large number of ternary chalcopyrite compounds of composition I-III-VI2 and II-IV-V2 can realize the topological insulating phase in their native states. The crystal structure of chalcopyrites is derived from the frequently used zinc-blende structure, and many of them possess a close lattice match to important mainstream semiconductors, which is essential for a smooth integration into current semiconductor technology. The diverse optical, electrical and structural properties of chalcopyrite semiconductors,6 and particularly their ability to host room-temperature ferromagnetism,7 9 make them appealing candidates for novel spintronic devices.
Feng, wanxiang [Chinese Academy of Sciences; Ding, Jun [Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics/Chinese Academy of Scie; Xiao, Di [ORNL; Yao, yugui [Chinese Academy of Sciences
OLI/ESP Modeling Of The Semi-Integrated Pilot Plant For Estimate Of Campaigns I-IV Simulant Volumes
Four SIPP campaigns have been planned to investigate the effect of recycle streams on the RPP-WTP pretreatment process such as the filter flux rate and other areas of interest. This document describes OLI/ESP modeling work done in support of the planning and operation of the SIPP. An existing OLI/ESP steady-state model was expanded to represent the pretreatment system through to the TLP evaporator for the LAW train and the washed sludge for the HLW train. The model was used to investigate alternative operating scenarios, determine the optimum volumetric waste feed ratio of AP-101 to AY-102, and, for each campaign, estimate the simulant and input recycle volumes corresponding to the target glass production rates of 6MT/day HLW glass and 80MT/day LAW glass and scaled to the target of 140L of Campaign I washed sludge. It was designed to quickly achieve steady state and simulation results indicate this was accomplished by Campaign IV. The alternative operating scenarios modeled differed only in the point at which the AP-101 and AY-102 waste feed streams were introduced to the process. The results showed no difference in the production rate between the scenarios. Therefore, for these specific waste feeds the process should be operated to maximize the energy efficiency and minimize scaling in the evaporator by feeding the AY-102 waste feed to the ultra-filtration feed prep tank, bypassing the waste feed evaporator.
Space Storm Measurements of 17 and 21 April 2002 Forbush Effects from Artemis-IV Solar Radio-Spectrograph, Athens Neutron Monitor Station and Coronas-F Satellite
In this report we present two complex eruptive solar events and the associated Cosmic Ray effects (Forbush decrease). We use combined recordings from a number of Earthbound Receivers, Space Experiments and data archives (such as the ARTEMIS-IV Radio spectrograph, the Athens NEUTRON MONITOR, the LASCO CME Lists, the SONG of the {CORONAS-F} satellite, etc.). The influence of solar transients on the interplanetary medium conditions and the cosmic ray flux is analysed and discussed. The observed time sequence of events of this time period indicates that the initiation of CMEs is closely related to the appearance of type II and IV radio bursts and strong solar flares. Their effects extend from the lower corona to the near Earth vicinity affecting Cosmic Ray measurements and space weather. As regards the Forbush decrease our data indicate significant amplification at the presence of a MHD shock.
Caroubalos, C; Preka-Papadema, P; Hillaris, A; Polygiannakis, I; Mavromichalaki, H; Sarlanis, C; Souvatzoglou, G; Gerontidou, M; Plainaki, C; Tatsis, S; Kuznetsov, S N; Myagkova, I N; Kudela, K
Tracking Tracking the Sun IV Tracking the Sun IV An Historical Summary of the Installed Cost of Photovoltaics in the United States from 1998 to 2010 Photovoltaics in the United States from 1998 to 2010 Galen Barbose, Naïm Darghouth, Ryan Wiser, and Joachim Seel g y Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory - Report Summary - p y September 2011 Environmental Energy Technologies Division * Energy Analysis Department Thanks to the U.S. DOE's Solar Energy Technologies Program and the Clean Energy States Alliance for supporting this work Project Overview Objective: Using project-level data, evaluate trends in the installed cost of grid-connected PV systems throughout the United States: g y g * Changes in total system installed cost and component-level costs over time * Variation in total installed cost by system size
Relativistic many-body calculation of energies, oscillator strengths, transition rates, lifetimes, polarizabilities, and quadrupole moment of Fr-like Th IV ion
Atomic properties of the 24 low-lying ns, np, nd, nf, and ng states in Th IV ion are calculated using the high-precision relativistic all-order method where all single, double, and partial triple excitations of the Dirac-Fock wave functions are included to all orders of perturbation theory. Recommended values are provided for a large number of electric-dipole matrix elements, oscillator strengths, transition rates, and lifetimes. Scalar polarizabilities of the ground and six excited states (5f_j, 6d_j, 7p_j, and 7s), and tensor polarizabilities of the 5f_j, 6d_j, 7p_{3/2} states of Th IV are evaluated. The uncertainties of the recommended values are estimated. These calculations provide recommended values critically evaluated for their accuracy for a number of Th IV atomic properties for use in theoretical modeling as well as planning and analysis of various experiments including development of ultra precise nuclear clock and RESIS studies of actinide ions
Safronova, M S
M. S. Safronova; U. I. Safronova
Characterization of the nitrate complexes of Pu(IV) using absorption spectroscopy, {sup 15}N NMR, and EXAFS
Nitrate complexes of Pu(IV) are studied in solutions containing nitrate up to 13 molar (M). Three major nitrato complexes are observed and identified using absorption spectroscopy, {sup 15}N nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and extended x-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) as Pu(NO{sub 3}){sub 2}{sup 2+}, Pu(NO{sub 3}){sub 4}, and Pu(NO{sub 3}){sub 6}{sup 2{minus}}. The possibility that Pu(NO{sub 3}){sub 1}{sup 3+}, Pu(NO{sub 3}){sub 3}{sup 1+} and Pu(NO{sub 3}){sub 5}{sup 1{minus}} are major species in solution is not consistent with these results and an upper limit of 0.10 can be set on the fraction for each of these three nitrate complexes in nitrate containing solutions. Fraction of the three major species in nitric acid over the 1--13 M range were calculated from absorption spectra data. The fraction of Pu(NO{sub 3}){sub 6}{sup 2{minus}} as a function of nitric acid concentration is in good agreement with the literature, whereas the fraction of Pu(NO{sub 3}){sub 2}{sup 2+} and Pu(NO{sub 3}){sub 4} species differ from previous studies. We have modeled the chemical equilibria up to moderate ionic strength ( < 6 molal) using the specific ion interaction theory (SM. Comparison of our experimental observations to literature stability constants that assume the presence of mononitrate species is poor. Stability constant at zero ionic strength for the dinitrato complex is determined to be log({beta}{sub 2}{sup 0})=3.77 {plus_minus} 0.14 (2{sigma}).
Veirs, D.K.; Smith, C.A.; Zwick, B.D.; Marsh, S.F.; Conradson, S.D.
Ultrafine Grained Materials IV
Nov 1, 2006 ... Print Book and CD-ROM: Advances in Superplasticity and Superplastic Forming 2004. Print Book: Ultrafine Grained Materials III. Print Book:�...
Classical QGP : IV. Thermodynamics
We construct the equation of a state of the classical QGP valid for all values of Gamma=V/K, the ratio of the mean Coulomb to kinetic energy. By enforcing the Gibbs relations, we derive the pertinent pressure and entropy densities for all Gamma. For the case of an SU(2) classical gluonic plasma our results compare well with lattice simulations. We show that the strongly coupled component of the classical QGP contributes significantly to the bulk thermodynamics across T_c.
Sungtae Cho; Ismail Zahed
Aluminum Cast Shop IV
Mar 6, 2013 ... The energy released from one kilogram of molten aluminium reacted with oxygen is equivalent to detonating 3 kilograms of trinitrotoluene�...
Designing for Impact IV
... the Energy Department's National Renewable Energy Laboratory ... Click here for hotel reservations or call 303-443 ... are a number of other hotels in the ...
Megatrends in Manufacturing IV
Many analysis techniques are now available that allow for different trade-offs in ... make anything if the funds are unlimited," but this is not a practical scenario.
Steelmaking and Casting IV
Oct 31, 2013 ... Session Chair: Emmanuel De Moor, Colorado School of Mines ... investigated at 1300�C and 1400�C using iron crucibles and argon gas. ... oxide inclusions rapid profiling and blast furnacethe analysis of the requirements,�...
Session Chairpersons: P.R. Taylor, University of Idaho, Dept. of Metallurgical & Mining Engineering, Moscow, ID 83844-3024; J.R. Groza, Chemical Engineering
Structural Materials IV
Program Organizers: Ramprashad Prabhakaran, Idaho National Laboratory; Dennis Keiser, Idaho National Laboratory; Raul Rebak, GE Global Research
Contents iv CCOONNTTEENNTTSS
Gasifier 158 7.2.5. Discussion 161 8. CONCLUSIONS 162 NOMENCLATURE 164 REFERENCES 170 APPENDICES A. ACSL 206 D. Coal Gasifier Control: A Process Engineering Approach 208 #12;
Skogestad, Sigurd
RECOVERING ALUMINA, SILICA AND BYPRODUCTS FROM COAL ASH THROUGH ... The large volume of coal combustion wastes cause a problem of great�...
Green Manufacturing IV
Oct 10, 2012 ... Session Chair: Peter Dent, Electron Energy Corporation; Junichi .... Aldabsheh1; Hubert Rahier3; Jan Wastiels3; 1University of Jordan; 23.
Friction Stir Welding IV
May 1, 2007 ... TMS has recently partnered with Wiley for the publication of proceedings, texts, and references. This title is now available directly through the�...
Cost Affordable Titanium IV
Jul 31, 2012 ... Enhancing the Cost Effectiveness of High Performance Titanium Alloy Component Production by Powder Metallurgy � Evolution of Texture in�...
familiar electric curren ts are inside materials such as wires or light bulbs. Even though the interactions your track lighting uses. You decide to build models of circuits with two bulbs connected across, bulbs, and batteries. Use the accompanying legend to build the circuits. Legend: light bulb ba
Natural Organic Matter (NOM) in Aquatic Systems: Interactions with Radionuclides (234Th (IV), 129 I) and Biofilms
A series of laboratory and field investigations were carried out to elucidate the importance of natural organic matter in aquatic systems, i.e., trace element scavenging (e.g., 234Th) by exopolymeric substances (EPS), formation of biofilms, as well as interactions with 129I. A method involving cross flow ultrafiltration, followed by a three-step cartridge soaking and stirred-cell diafiltration, was developed for isolating EPS from phytoplankton cultures, especially in seawater media. EPS isolated from a marine diatom, Amphora sp. was then subjected to semi-quantitative (e.g., carbohydrate, proteins) and quantitative analysis (e.g., neutral sugars, acidic sugars, sulfate). It appeared that Th (IV) binding by EPS was dominated by the acidic polysaccharides of fraction. For EPS of biofilms collected from polluted streams, hydrophobic proteins were the most abundant components in EPS, followed by more hydrophilic carbohydrates. However, chemical composition of carbohydrates or proteins, i.e., monosaccharides and amino acids, respectively, varied with environmental conditions and substrata applied, which suggests that the formation of biofilms on different substrates is regulated by specific properties of microorganisms, environmental conditions and nature of substratum. No correlation between relative hydrophobicity of substratum and development of biofilm was found in this study. A sensitive and rapid GC-MS method was developed to enable the determination of isotopic ratios (129I/127I) of speciated iodine in natural waters. At the F-area of the Savannah River Site (SRS), iodine species in the groundwater consisted of 48.8 percent iodide, 27.3 percent iodate and 23.9 percent organo-iodine. Each of these iodine species exhibited vastly different transport behavior in the column experiments using surface soil from the SRS. Results demonstrated that mobility of iodine species depended greatly on the iodine concentration, mostly due to the limited sorptive capacity for anions of the soil. EPS, especially enzymes (e.g., haloperoxidases) could facilitate the incorporation of iodide to natural organic carbon. At high input concentrations of iodate (78.7 ?M), iodate was found to be completely reduced and subsequently followed the transport behavior of iodide. The marked reduction of iodate was probably associated with natural organic carbon and facilitated by bacteria, besides inorganic reductants (e.g., Fe2 ) in sediments and pore water.
Zhang, Saijin
Reaction of U-VI with titanium-substituted magnetite: Influence of Ti on U-IV speciation
Reduction of hexavalent uranium (UVI) to less soluble tetravalent uranium (UIV) through enzymatic or abiotic redox reactions has the potential to alter U mobility in subsurface environments. As a ubiquitous natural mineral, magnetite (Fe3O4) is of interest because of its ability to act as a rechargeable reductant for UVI. Natural magnetites are often impure with titanium, and structural Fe3+ replacement by TiIV yields a proportional increase in the relative Fe2+ content in the metal sublattice to maintain bulk charge neutrality. In the absence of oxidation, the Ti content sets the initial bulk Fe2+/Fe3+ ratio (R). Here, we demonstrate that Ti-doped magnetites (Fe3 xTixO4) reduce UVI to UIV. The UVI-Fe2+ redox reactivity was found to be controlled directly by R, but was otherwise independent of Ti content (xTi). However, in contrast to previous studies with pure magnetite where UVI was reduced to nanocrystalline uraninite (UO2), the presence of structural Ti (xTi = 0.25 0.53) results in the formation of UIV species that lack the bidentate U-O2-U bridges of uraninite. Extended x-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopic analysis indicated that the titanomagnetite-bound UIV phase has a novel UIV-Ti binding geometry, different from the coordination of UIV in the mineral brannerite (UIVTi2O6). The observed UIV-Ti coordination at a distance of 3.43 � suggests a binuclear corner-sharing adsorption/incorporation UIV complex with the solid phase. Furthermore, we explored the effect of oxidation (decreasing R) and solids-to-solution ratio on the reduced UIV phase. The formation of the non-uraninite UIV-Ti phase appears to be controlled by availability of surface Ti sites, rather than R. Our work highlights a previously unrecognized role of Ti in the environmental chemistry of UIV and suggests that further work to characterize the long-term stability of UIV phases formed in the presence of Ti is warranted.
Latta, Drew; Pearce, Carolyn I.; Rosso, Kevin M.; Kemner, Kenneth M.; Boyanov, Maxim I.
The H-Canyon facility will be used to dissolve Pu metal for subsequent purification and conversion to plutonium dioxide (PuO{sub 2}) using Phase II of HB-Line. To support the new mission, SRNL conducted a series of experiments to produce calcined plutonium (Pu) oxide and measure the physical properties and water adsorption of that material. This data will help define the process operating conditions and material handling steps for HB-Line. An anion exchange column experiment produced 1.4 L of a purified 52.6 g/L Pu solution. Over the next nine weeks, seven Pu(IV) oxalate precipitations were performed using the same stock Pu solution, with precipitator feed acidities ranging from 0.77 M to 3.0 M nitric acid and digestion times ranging from 5 to 30 minutes. Analysis of precipitator filtrate solutions showed Pu losses below 1% for all precipitations. The four larger precipitation batches matched the target oxalic acid addition time of 44 minutes within 4 minutes. The three smaller precipitation batches focused on evaluation of digestion time and the oxalic acid addition step ranged from 25-34 minutes because of pump limitations in the low flow range. Following the precipitations, 22 calcinations were performed in the range of 610-690 C, with the largest number of samples calcined at either 650 or 635 C. Characterization of the resulting PuO{sub 2} batches showed specific surface areas in the range of 5-14 m{sup 2}/g, with 16 of the 22 samples in the range of 5-10 m2/g. For samples analyzed with typical handling (exposed to ambient air for 15-45 minutes with relative humidities of 20-55%), the moisture content as measured by Mass Spectrometry ranged from 0.15 to 0.45 wt % and the total mass loss at 1000 C, as measured by TGA, ranged from 0.21 to 0.58 wt %. For the samples calcined between 635 and 650 C, the moisture content without extended exposure ranged from 0.20 to 0.38 wt %, and the TGA mass loss ranged from 0.26 to 0.46 wt %. Of these latter samples, the samples calcined at 650 C generally had lower specific surface areas and lower moisture contents than the samples calcined at 635 C, which matches expectations from the literature. Taken together, the TGA-MS results for samples handled at nominally 20-50% RH, without extended exposure, indicate that the Pu(IV) oxalate precipitation process followed by calcination at 635-650 C appears capable of producing PuO{sub 2} with moisture content < 0.5 wt% as required by the 3013 Standard. Exposures of PuO{sub 2} samples to ambient air for 3 or more hours generally showed modest mass gains that were primarily gains in moisture content. These results point to the need for a better understanding of the moisture absorption of PuO{sub 2} and serve as a warning that extended exposure times, particularly above the 50% RH level observed in this study will make the production of PuO{sub 2} with less than 0.5 wt % moisture more challenging. Samples analyzed in this study generally contained approximately 2 monolayer equivalents of moisture. In this study, the bulk of the moisture released from samples below 300 C, as did a significant portion of the CO{sub 2}. Samples in this study consistently released a minor amount of NO in the 40-300 C range, but no samples released CO or SO{sub 2}. TGA-MS results also showed that MS moisture content accounted for 80 {+-} 8% of the total mass loss at 1000 C measured by the TGA. The PuO{sub 2} samples produced had particles sizes that typically ranged from 0.2-88 {micro}m, with the mean particle size ranging from 6.4-9.3 {micro}m. The carbon content of ten different calcination batches ranged from 190-480 {micro}g C/g Pu, with an average value of 290 {micro}g C/g Pu. A statistical review of the calcination conditions and resulting SSA values showed that in both cases tested, calcination temperature had a significant effect on SSA, as expected from literature data. The statistical review also showed that batch size had a significant effect on SSA, but the narrow range of batch sizes tested is a compelling reason to set aside that result until tests
Crowder, M.; Pierce, R.; Scogin, J.; Daniel, G.; King, W.
Examination of utility Phase 1 compliance choices and state reactions to Title IV of the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990
Title IV (acid rain) of the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990 is imposing new limitations on the emission of sulfur dioxide (SO{sub 2}) and nitrogen oxides (N{sub x}) from electric power plants. The act requires utilities to develop compliance plans to reduce these emissions, and indications are that these plans will dramatically alter traditional operating procedures. A key provision of the SO{sub 2} control program deaned in Title IV is the creation of a system of emission allowances, with utilities having the option of complying by adjusting system emissions and allowance holdings. A compilation of SO{sub 2} compliance activities by the 110 utility plants affected by Phase I is summarized in this report. These compliance plans are presented in a tabular form, correlated with age, capacity, and power pool data. A large number of the Phase I units (46%) have chosen to blend or switch to lower sulfur coals. This choice primarily is in response to (1) prices of low-sulfur coal and (2) the need to maintain SO{sub 2} control flexibility because of uncertain future environmental regulations (e.g., air toxics, carbon dioxide) and compliance prices. The report also discusses the responses of state legislatures and public utility commissions to the compliance requirements in Title IV. Most states have taken negligible action regarding the regulatory treatment of allowances and compliance activities. To protect mine employment, states producing high-sulfur coal have enacted regulations encouraging continued use of that coal, but for the most part, this response has had little effect on utility compliance choices.
Bailey, K.A.; Elliott, T.J.; Carlson, L.J.; South, D.W.
Impact of Consolidation Radiation Therapy in Stage III-IV Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma With Negative Post-Chemotherapy Radiologic Imaging
Purpose: While consolidation radiation therapy (i.e., RT administered after chemotherapy) is routine treatment for patients with early-stage diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), the role of consolidation RT in stage III-IV DLBCL is controversial. Methods and Materials: Cases of patients with stage III-IV DLBCL treated from 1991 to 2009 at Duke University, who achieved a complete response to chemotherapy were reviewed. Clinical outcomes were calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method and were compared between patients who did and did not receive RT, using the log-rank test. A multivariate analysis was performed using Cox proportional hazards model. Results: Seventy-nine patients were identified. Chemotherapy (median, 6 cycles) consisted of anti-CD20 antibody rituximab combined with cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (R-CHOP; 65%); cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (CHOP; 22%); or other (13%). Post-chemotherapy imaging consisted of positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) (73%); gallium with CT (14%); or CT only (13%). Consolidation RT (median, 25 Gy) was given to involved sites of disease in 38 (48%) patients. Receipt of consolidation RT was associated with improved in-field control (92% vs. 69%, respectively, p = 0.028) and event-free survival (85% vs. 65%, respectively, p = 0.014) but no difference in overall survival (85% vs. 78%, respectively, p = 0.15) when compared to patients who did not receive consolidation RT. On multivariate analysis, no RT was predictive of increased risk of in-field failure (hazard ratio [HR], 8.01, p = 0.014) and worse event-free survival (HR, 4.3, p = 0.014). Conclusions: Patients with stage III-IV DLBCL who achieve negative post-chemotherapy imaging have improved in-field control and event-free survival with low-dose consolidation RT.
Dorth, Jennifer A., E-mail: email@example.com [Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina (United States); Prosnitz, Leonard R. [Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina (United States)] [Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina (United States); Broadwater, Gloria [Cancer Statistical Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina (United States)] [Cancer Statistical Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina (United States); Diehl, Louis F.; Beaven, Anne W. [Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina (United States)] [Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina (United States); Coleman, R. Edward [Department of Radiology, Division of Nuclear Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina (United States)] [Department of Radiology, Division of Nuclear Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina (United States); Kelsey, Chris R. [Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina (United States)] [Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina (United States)
H-Canyon and HB-Line are tasked with the production of PuO{sub 2} from a feed of plutonium metal. The PuO{sub 2} will provide feed material for the MOX Fuel Fabrication Facility. After dissolution of the Pu metal in H-Canyon, the solution will be transferred to HB-Line for purification by anion exchange. Subsequent unit operations include Pu(IV) oxalate precipitation, filtration and calcination to form PuO{sub 2}. This report details the results from SRNL anion exchange, precipitation, filtration, calcination, and characterization tests, as requested by HB-Line1 and described in the task plan. This study involved an 80-g batch of Pu and employed test conditions prototypical of HB-Line conditions, wherever feasible. In addition, this study integrated lessons learned from earlier anion exchange and precipitation and calcination studies. H-Area Engineering selected direct strike Pu(IV) oxalate precipitation to produce a more dense PuO{sub 2} product than expected from Pu(III) oxalate precipitation. One benefit of the Pu(IV) approach is that it eliminates the need for reduction by ascorbic acid. The proposed HB-Line precipitation process involves a digestion time of 5 minutes after the time (44 min) required for oxalic acid addition. These were the conditions during HB-line production of neptunium oxide (NpO{sub 2}). In addition, a series of small Pu(IV) oxalate precipitation tests with different digestion times were conducted to better understand the effect of digestion time on particle size, filtration efficiency and other factors. To test the recommended process conditions, researchers performed two nearly-identical larger-scale precipitation and calcination tests. The calcined batches of PuO{sub 2} were characterized for density, specific surface area (SSA), particle size, moisture content, and impurities. Because the 3013 Standard requires that the calcination (or stabilization) process eliminate organics, characterization of PuO{sub 2} batches monitored the presence of oxalate by thermogravimetric analysis-mass spectrometry (TGA-MS). To use the TGA-MS for carbon or oxalate content, some method development will be required. However, the TGA-MS is already used for moisture measurements. Therefore, SRNL initiated method development for the TGA-MS to allow quantification of oxalate or total carbon. That work continues at this time and is not yet ready for use in this study. However, the collected test data can be reviewed later as those analysis tools are available.
Crowder, M.; Pierce, R.
DOE-HDBK-1122-99 Radiological Control Technical Training, Facility Practical Training Attachment Phase IV, Part 9 0f 9
Radiological Control Technician Training Facility Practical Training Attachment Phase IV Coordinated and Conducted for Office of Environment, Safety & Health U.S. Department of Energy DOE-HDBK-1122-99 ii This page intentionally left blank DOE-HDBK-1122-99 iii Course Developers William Egbert Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Dave Lent Coleman Research Michael McNaughton Los Alamos National Laboratory Bobby Oliver Lockheed Martin Energy Systems Richard Cooke Argonne National Laboratory Brian Thomson Sandia National Laboratory Michael McGough Westinghouse Savannah River Company Brian Killand Fluor Daniel Hanford Corporation Course Reviewers Technical Standards Managers U.S. Department of Energy
Analysis of supercritical CO{sub 2} cycle control strategies and dynamic response for Generation IV Reactors.
The analysis of specific control strategies and dynamic behavior of the supercritical carbon dioxide (S-CO{sub 2}) Brayton cycle has been extended to the two reactor types selected for continued development under the Generation IV Nuclear Energy Systems Initiative; namely, the Very High Temperature Reactor (VHTR) and the Sodium-Cooled Fast Reactor (SFR). Direct application of the standard S-CO{sub 2} recompression cycle to the VHTR was found to be challenging because of the mismatch in the temperature drop of the He gaseous reactor coolant through the He-to-CO{sub 2} reactor heat exchanger (RHX) versus the temperature rise of the CO{sub 2} through the RHX. The reference VHTR features a large temperature drop of 450 C between the assumed core outlet and inlet temperatures of 850 and 400 C, respectively. This large temperature difference is an essential feature of the VHTR enabling a lower He flow rate reducing the required core velocities and pressure drop. In contrast, the standard recompression S-CO{sub 2} cycle wants to operate with a temperature rise through the RHX of about 150 C reflecting the temperature drop as the CO{sub 2} expands from 20 MPa to 7.4 MPa in the turbine and the fact that the cycle is highly recuperated such that the CO{sub 2} entering the RHX is effectively preheated. Because of this mismatch, direct application of the standard recompression cycle results in a relatively poor cycle efficiency of 44.9%. However, two approaches have been identified by which the S-CO{sub 2} cycle can be successfully adapted to the VHTR and the benefits of the S-CO{sub 2} cycle, especially a significant gain in cycle efficiency, can be realized. The first approach involves the use of three separate cascaded S-CO{sub 2} cycles. Each S-CO{sub 2} cycle is coupled to the VHTR through its own He-to-CO{sub 2} RHX in which the He temperature is reduced by 150 C. The three respective cycles have efficiencies of 54, 50, and 44%, respectively, resulting in a net cycle efficiency of 49.3 %. The other approach involves reducing the minimum cycle pressure significantly below the critical pressure such that the temperature drop in the turbine is increased while the minimum cycle temperature is maintained above the critical temperature to prevent the formation of a liquid phase. The latter approach also involves the addition of a precooler and a third compressor before the main compressor to retain the benefits of compression near the critical point with the main compressor. For a minimum cycle pressure of 1 MPa, a cycle efficiency of 49.5% is achieved. Either approach opens up the door to applying the SCO{sub 2} cycle to the VHTR. In contrast, the SFR system typically has a core outlet-inlet temperature difference of about 150 C such that the standard recompression cycle is ideally suited for direct application to the SFR. The ANL Plant Dynamics Code has been modified for application to the VHTR and SFR when the reactor side dynamic behavior is calculated with another system level computer code such as SAS4A/SYSSYS-1 in the SFR case. The key modification involves modeling heat exchange in the RHX, accepting time dependent tabular input from the reactor code, and generating time dependent tabular input to the reactor code such that both the reactor and S-CO{sub 2} cycle sides can be calculated in a convergent iterative scheme. This approach retains the modeling benefits provided by the detailed reactor system level code and can be applied to any reactor system type incorporating a S-CO{sub 2} cycle. This approach was applied to the particular calculation of a scram scenario for a SFR in which the main and intermediate sodium pumps are not tripped and the generator is not disconnected from the electrical grid in order to enhance heat removal from the reactor system thereby enhancing the cooldown rate of the Na-to-CO{sub 2} RHX. The reactor side is calculated with SAS4A/SASSYS-1 while the S-CO{sub 2} cycle is calculated with the Plant Dynamics Code with a number of iterations over a timescale of 500 seconds. It is found that the RHX u
Moisseytsev, A.; Sienicki, J. J. (Nuclear Engineering Division)
Integrated Dynamic Electron Solutions, Inc. Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory 333 likes Integrated Dynamic Electron Solutions, Inc., based in Belmont, California, uses Dynamic...
is developing a low-cost, advanced lithium-ion battery that employs a novel silicon graphene composite material that will substantially improve battery cycle life. When combined...
containers to be "smart boxes" that can be tracked electronically. TrakLok uses GPS technology and satellite communications as part of its tracking and warning capability and...
7AC Technologies, Inc. 7AC Technologies, Inc. National Renewable Energy Laboratory 498 likes 7AC Technologies, based in Woburn, Massachusetts, is developing Liquid Desiccant HVAC systems for Commercial and Industrial buildings using technology from the National Renewable Energy Laboratory. These Liquid Desiccant HVAC systems deliver a 50 to 75 percent reduction in energy usage over conventional HVAC units. The system consists of a membrane conditioner responsible for drying and cooling the air and a heat-driven regenerator. The liquid desiccant design allows for the utilization of solar or waste heat sources, paving the way for net-zero energy retrofits to existing buildings with costs comparable to conventional HVAC. Learn More Borla Performance Industries, Inc. Oak Ridge National Laboratory
Integrated Dynamic Electron Solutions, Inc. Integrated Dynamic Electron Solutions, Inc. Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory 333 likes Integrated Dynamic Electron Solutions, Inc., based in Belmont, California, uses Dynamic Transmission Electron Microscopes (DTEM) to enable imaging of nanoscale objects, such as proteins, thin films and nanoparticles at unprecedented time scales and frame rates. By utilizing a laser-driven electron source, DTEMs are able to produce short bursts of electrons that can form an image with nanometer resolution in as little as 10 nanoseconds. This enables observation of dynamics in material systems that play an important role in a wide range of energy technologies, including battery electrodes, petroleum catalysts, solar cell materials, and organisms for bio fuel growth. Integrated Dynamic Electron Solutions uses technology
Investigation of a Novel NDE Method for Monitoring Thermomechanical Damage and Microstructure Evolution in Ferritic-Martensitic Steels for Generation IV Nuclear Energy Systems
The main goal of the proposed project is the development of validated nondestructive evaluation (NDE) techniques for in situ monitoring of ferritic-martensitic steels like Grade 91 9Cr-1Mo, which are candidate materials for Generation IV nuclear energy structural components operating at temperatures up to ~650{degree}C and for steam-generator tubing for sodium-cooled fast reactors. Full assessment of thermomechanical damage requires a clear separation between thermally activated microstructural evolution and creep damage caused by simultaneous mechanical stress. Creep damage can be classified as "negligible" creep without significant plastic strain and "ordinary" creep of the primary, secondary, and tertiary kind that is accompanied by significant plastic deformation and/or cavity nucleation and growth. Under negligible creep conditions of interest in this project, minimal or no plastic strain occurs, and the accumulation of creep damage does not significantly reduce the fatigue life of a structural component so that low-temperature design rules, such as the ASME Section III, Subsection NB, can be applied with confidence. The proposed research project will utilize a multifaceted approach in which the feasibility of electrical conductivity and thermo-electric monitoring methods is researched and coupled with detailed post-thermal/creep exposure characterization of microstructural changes and damage processes using state-of-the-art electron microscopy techniques, with the aim of establishing the most effective nondestructive materials evaluation technique for particular degradation modes in high-temperature alloys that are candidates for use in the Next Generation Nuclear Plant (NGNP) as well as providing the necessary mechanism-based underpinnings for relating the two. Only techniques suitable for practical application in situ will be considered. As the project evolves and results accumulate, we will also study the use of this technique for monitoring other GEN IV materials. Through the results obtained from this integrated materials behavior and NDE study, new insight will be gained into the best nondestructive creep and microstructure monitoring methods for the particular mechanisms identified in these materials. The proposed project includes collaboration with a national laboratory partner and the results will also serve as a foundation to guide the efforts of scientists in the DOE laboratory, university, and industrial communities concerned with the technological challenges of monitoring creep and microstructural evolution in materials planned to be used in Generation IV Nuclear Energy Systems.
Nagy, Peter
The axonal membrane protein Caspr, a homologue of neurexin IV, is a component of the septate-like paranodal junctions that assemble during myelination
Abstract. We have investigated the potential role of contactin and contactin-associated protein (Caspr) in the axonal�glial interactions of myelination. In the nervous system, contactin is expressed by neurons, oligodendrocytes, and their progenitors, but not by Schwann cells. Expression of Caspr, a homologue of Neurexin IV, is restricted to neurons. Both contactin and Caspr are uniformly expressed at high levels on the surface of unensheathed neurites and are downregulated during myelination in vitro and in vivo. Contactin is downregulated along the entire myelinated nerve fiber. In contrast, Caspr expression initially remains elevated along segments of neurites associated with nascent myelin sheaths. With further maturation, Caspr is downregulated in the internode and becomes strikingly concentrated
Steven Einheber; George Zanazzi; William Ching; Steven Scherer; Teresa A. Milner; Elior Peles; James L. Salzer
Synergies and conflicts in multimedia pollution control related to utility compliance with Title IV of the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990
Most analyses of the alternative strategies used by utilities to comply with Title IV requirements have focused on factors directly related to controlling sulfur dioxide (SO{sub 2}) emissions. However, utilities must meet a number of additional environmental requirements at the same tune they comply with the acid rain program. To illuminate the potential synergies and conflicts that might exist between the other regulatory mandates and the acid rain program, a thorough examination of all the various programs and their interrelationships must be conducted. This paper reviews the environmental mandates that utilities will have to plan to meet in the next decade concurrently with the acid rain program, and it analyzes the interactions among the various programs to identify potential synergies and conflicts.
South, D.W.; Bailey, K.A.
NUCLEAR ENERGY RESEARCH INITIATIVE (NERI) PROGRAM GRANT NUMBER DE-FG03-00SF22168 TECHNICAL PROGRESS REPORT (Nov. 15, 2001 - Feb. 15,2002) ''Design and Layout Concepts for Compact, Factory-Produced, Transportable, Generation IV Reactor Systems''
The objectives of this project are to develop and evaluate nuclear power plant designs and layout concepts to maximize the benefits of compact modular Generation IV reactor concepts including factory fabrication and packaging for optimal transportation and siting. Three nuclear power plant concepts are being studied representing water, helium and lead-bismuth coolants. This is the sixth quarterly progress report.
Fred R. Mynatt; Andy Kadak; Marc Berte; Larry Miller; Mohammed Khan; Joe McConn; Lawrence Townsend; Wesley Williams; Martin Williamson
Investigation of PR and TMI Version 6 and Version 7 Rainfall Algorithms in Landfalling Tropical Cyclones Relative to the NEXRAD Stage-IV Multi-sensor Precipitation Estimate Dataset
Rainfall estimates from Version 6 and Version 7 of the TRMM Precipitation Radar (PR) 2A25 and Microwave Imager (TMI) 2A12 algorithms are compared relative to the NEXRAD Multi-sensor Precipitation Estimate Stage IV hourly rainfall product. The ...
Joseph P. Zagrodnik; Haiyan Jiang
Extraction of actinide (III, IV, V, VI) ions and TcO4- byN,N,N',N'- tetraisobutyl-3-oxa-glutaramide
The extraction behavior of U(VI), Np(V), Pu(IV), Am(III), and TcO{sub 4}{sup -} with N, N, N', N'-tetraisobutyl-3-oxa-glutaramide (TiBOGA) were investigated. An organic phase of 0.2 mol/L TiBOGA in 40/60% (V/V) 1-octanol/kerosene showed good extractability for actinides (III, IV, V VI) and TcO{sub 4}{sup -}from aqueous solutions of HNO{sub 3} (0.1 to 4 mol/L). At 25 C, the distribution ratio of the actinide ions (D{sub An}) generally increased as the concentration of HNO{sub 3} in the aqueous phase was increased from 0.1 to 4 mol/L, while the D{sub Tc} at first increased, then decreased, with a maximum of 3.0 at 2 mol/L HNO{sub 3}. Based on the slope analysis of the dependence of D{sub M} (M = An or Tc) on the concentrations of reagents, the formula of extracted complexes were assumed to be UO{sub 2}L{sub 2}(NO{sub 3}){sub 2}, NpO{sub 2}L{sub 2}(NO{sub 3}), PuL(NO{sub 3}){sub 4}, AmL{sub 3}(NO{sub 3}){sub 3}, and HL{sub 2}(TcO{sub 4}) where L = TiBOGA. The enthalpy and entropy of the corresponding extraction reactions, {Delta}{sub r}H and {Delta}{sub r}S, were calculated from the dependence of D on temperature in the range of 15-55 C. For U(VI), Np(V), Am(III) and TcO{sub 4}{sup -}, the extraction reactions are enthalpy driven and disfavored by entropy ({Delta}{sub r}H < 0 and {Delta}{sub r}S < 0). In contrast, the extraction reaction of Pu(IV) is entropy driven and disfavored by enthalpy ({Delta}{sub r}H > 0 and {Delta}{sub r}S > 0). A test run with 0.2 mol/L TiBOGA in 40/60% 1-octanol/kerosene was performed to separate actinides and TcO{sub 4}{sup -} from a simulated acidic high-level liquid waste (HLLW), using tracer amounts of {sup 238}U(VI), {sup 237}Np(V), {sup 239}Pu(VI), {sup 241}Am(III) and {sup 99}TcO{sub 4}{sup -}. The distribution ratios of U(VI), Np(V), Pu(VI), Am(III) and TcO{sub 4}{sup -} were 12.4, 3.9, 87, > 1000 and 1.5, respectively, confirming that TiBOGA is a promising extractant for the separation of all actinides and TcO{sub 4}{sup -} from acidic HLLW. It is noteworthy that the extractability of TiBOGA for Np(V) from acidic HLLW (D{sub Np(V)} = 3.9) is much higher than that of many other extractants that have been studies for the separation of actinides from HLLW.
Tian, Guoxin; Zhang, Ping; Wang, Jianchen; Rao, Linfeng
Analysis of the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990: A forecast of the electric utility industry response to Title IV, Acid Deposition Control
The Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990 incorporate, for the first time, provisions aimed specifically at the control of acid rain. These provisions restrict emissions of sulfur dioxide (SO{sub 2}) and oxides of nitrogen (NO{sub x}) from electric power generating stations. The restrictions on SO{sub 2} take the form of an overall cap on the aggregate emissions from major generating plants, allowing substantial flexibility in the industry`s response to those restrictions. This report discusses one response scenario through the year 2030 that was examined through a simulation of the utility industry based on assumptions consistent with characterizations used in the National Energy Strategy reference case. It also makes projections of emissions that would result from the use of existing and new capacity and of the associated additional costs of meeting demand subject to the emission limitations imposed by the Clean Air Act. Fuel-use effects, including coal-market shifts, consistent with the response scenario are also described. These results, while dependent on specific assumptions for this scenario, provide insight into the general character of the likely utility industry response to Title IV.
Molburg, J.C.; Fox, J.A.; Pandola, G.; Cilek, C.M.
The Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990 incorporate, for the first time, provisions aimed specifically at the control of acid rain. These provisions restrict emissions of sulfur dioxide (SO[sub 2]) and oxides of nitrogen (NO[sub x]) from electric power generating stations. The restrictions on SO[sub 2] take the form of an overall cap on the aggregate emissions from major generating plants, allowing substantial flexibility in the industry's response to those restrictions. This report discusses one response scenario through the year 2030 that was examined through a simulation of the utility industry based on assumptions consistent with characterizations used in the National Energy Strategy reference case. It also makes projections of emissions that would result from the use of existing and new capacity and of the associated additional costs of meeting demand subject to the emission limitations imposed by the Clean Air Act. Fuel-use effects, including coal-market shifts, consistent with the response scenario are also described. These results, while dependent on specific assumptions for this scenario, provide insight into the general character of the likely utility industry response to Title IV.
Phase 3 Trial of Postoperative Chemotherapy Alone Versus Chemoradiation Therapy in Stage III-IV Gastric Cancer Treated With R0 Gastrectomy and D2 Lymph Node Dissection
Purpose: To compare chemotherapy alone with chemoradiation therapy in stage III-IV(M0) gastric cancer treated with R0 gastrectomy and D2 lymph node dissection. Methods and Materials: The chemotherapy arm received 5 cycles of fluorouracil and leucovorin (FL), and the chemoradiation therapy arm received 1 cycle of FL, then radiation therapy of 45 Gy concurrently with 2 cycles of FL, followed by 2 cycles of FL. Intent-to-treat analysis and per-protocol analyses were performed. Results: Between May 6, 2002 and June 29, 2006, a total of 90 patients were enrolled. Forty-four were randomly assigned to the chemotherapy arm and 46 to the chemoradiation therapy arm. Treatment was completed as planned by 93.2% of patients in the chemotherapy arm and 87.0% in the chemoradiation therapy arm. Overall intent-to-treat analysis showed that addition of radiation therapy to chemotherapy significantly improved locoregional recurrence-free survival (LRRFS) but not disease-free survival. In subgroup analysis for stage III, chemoradiation therapy significantly prolonged the 5-year LRRFS and disease-free survival rates compared with chemotherapy (93.2% vs 66.8%, P=.014; 73.5% vs 54.6%, P=.056, respectively). Conclusions: Addition of radiation therapy to chemotherapy could improve the LRRFS in stage III gastric cancer treated with R0 gastrectomy and D2 lymph node dissection.
Kim, Tae Hyun; Park, Sook Ryun; Ryu, Keun Won; Kim, Young-Woo [Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang (Korea, Republic of)] [Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang (Korea, Republic of); Bae, Jae-Moon [Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul (Korea, Republic of)] [Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul (Korea, Republic of); Lee, Jun Ho; Choi, Il Ju; Kim, Yeon-Joo [Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang (Korea, Republic of)] [Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang (Korea, Republic of); Kim, Dae Yong, E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com [Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang (Korea, Republic of)
Most analyses of utility strategies for meeting Title IV requirements in the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990 have focused on factors relating directly to utilities` sulfur dioxide control costs; however, there are a number of additional environmental requirements that utilities must meet at the same time they comply with the acid rain program. To illuminate the potential synergies and conflicts that these other regulatory mandates may have in connection with the acid rain program, it is necessary to conduct a thorough, simultaneous examination of the various programs. This report (1) reviews the environmental mandates that utilities must plant to meet in the next decade concurrently with those of the acid rain program, (2) evaluates the technologies that utilities may select to meet these requirements, (3) reviews the impacts of public utility regulation on the acid rain program, and (4) analyzes the interactions among the various programs for potential synergies and conflicts. Generally, this report finds that the lack of coordination among current and future regulatory programs may result in higher compliance costs than necessary. Failure to take advantage of cost-effective synergies and incremental compliance planning will increase control costs and reduce environmental benefits.
Bailey, K.A.; Loeb, A.P.; Formento, J.W.; South, D.W.
MACK-IV, a new version of MACK: a program to calculate nuclear response functions from data in ENDF/B format
MACK-IV calculates nuclear response functions important to the neutronics analysis of nuclear and fusion systems. A central part of the code deals with the calculation of the nuclear response function for nuclear heating more commonly known as the kerma factor. Pointwise and multigroup neutron kerma factors, individual reactions, helium, hydrogen, and tritium production response functions are calculated from any basic nuclear data library in ENDF/B format. The program processes all reactions in the energy range of 0 to 20 MeV for fissionable and nonfissionable materials. The program also calculates the gamma production cross sections and the gamma production energy matrix. A built-in computational capability permits the code to calculate the cross sections in the resolved and unresolved resonance regions from resonance parameters in ENDF/B with an option for Doppler broadening. All energy pointwise and multigroup data calculated by the code can be punched, printed and/or written on tape files. Multigroup response functions (e.g., kerma factors, reaction cross sections, gas production, atomic displacements, etc.) can be outputted in the format of MACK-ACTIVITY-Table suitable for direct use with current neutron (and photon) transport codes.
Abdou, M.A.; Gohar, Y.; Wright, R.Q.
Concurso Docentes Pgina 1 de 4 ANNEX IV/ ANEXO IV
Escolano, Francisco
Quantitative LEED I-V and ab initio study of the Si(111)-3x2-Sm surface structure and the missing half-order spots in the 3x1 diffraction pattern
We have used low-energy electron diffraction (LEED) I-V analysis and ab initio calculations to quantitatively determine the honeycomb chain model structure for the Si(111)-3x2-Sm surface. This structure and a similar 3x1 recontruction have been observed for many alkali-earth and rare-earth metals on the Si(111) surface. Our ab initio calculations show that there are two almost degenerate sites for the Sm atom in the unit cell, and the LEED I-V analysis reveals that an admixture of the two in a ratio that slightly favors the site with the lower energy is the best match to experiment. We show that the I-V curves are insensitive to the presence of the Sm atom and that this results in a very low intensity for the half-order spots, which might explain the appearance of a 3x1 LEED pattern produced by all of the structures with a 3x2 unit cell.
Eames, C.; Probert, M. I. J.; Tear, S. P. [Department of Physics, University of York, York YO10 5DD (United Kingdom)
Surface Properties of Biomaterials IV
... and surface energy measurements � Degradation of resorbable biomaterials ... Development of Regenerative Biomaterials to Promote Bone Regeneration.
CARBON TECHNOLOGY: IV: Anode Plant
... M. Fontolan, Techmo Car S.P.A., Via R. Colpi, 15/17 35010 Limena (PD) Italy ... of the new aluminium smelter implemented by Hydro Aluminium technology,�...
U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA)
exhibit ductile behavior during hydraulic stimulation. The higher-quality source rock shales within the Macei� Fm average about 200 m thick (maximum 700 m) and
Exploring and realizing the conversion and storage of solar energy as hydrogen .... Voltage-current-power and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) at �...
(IV) Oxide and Barium Titanate
In a first investigation of its kind, a commercially available additive manufacturing platform has been applied to �print� metal oxide gas sensors. The M-Lab from�...
Paddistrict IV - Energy Information Administration
U.S. Energy Information Administration/Petroleum Marketing Monthly August 2012 36 Figure 6. U.S. No. 2 Distillate Prices to Residences by PAD District
National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)
DISABILITY 2 5.6% VETERANS 12 33.3% SPECIAL 17.9 YRS EDUCATION SUPERVISOR RATIO 5 DIVERSITY 48.7 YRS RETIREMENT GENDER AGE 14 YEARS OF FEDERAL SERVICE 12 3 7 Kansas City Site...
Geothermal Program Review IV: proceedings
The research and development program of DOE's Geothermal Technology Division is reviewed in separate presentations according to program area. Separate abstracts have been prepared for the individual papers. (ACR)
APD_IV [Compatibility Mode
... Dedicated insertion device sources (eg ... SAXS Two log-normal sphere distributions ... Need to minimise human intervention; maximise automation ...
Aug 8, 2013 ... Research efforts have been focused on characterizing fresh fuel cell MEAs, ... State Battery: Kaiyang Zeng1; 1National University of Singapore
Part IV: APPENDICES A. References
: A small step semantics. In STRATA'U3, 2003. [LanGO] E. Landau. Foundations of Analysis. Chelsea, New York
de Weck, Olivier L.
Composite Materials Symposium: Session IV
Jul 29, 2010 ... Owing to its unique characteristics � like morphology and chemical composition-, fly ash has been identified as a potential reinforcing phase for�...
Aug 8, 2013... Aihua Liu2; 1Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy & Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Ocean University of China ; 2Qingdao�...
Structures and Mechanical Properties IV
Mar 7, 2013... Francois Payen1; Nayomi Plaza1; Jinwoo Hwang1; Eren Kalay2; Matt Kramer2 ; 1University of Wisconsin, Madison; 2Ames Laboratory
The Impact of Local and Regional Disease Extent on Overall Survival in Patients With Advanced Stage IIIB/IV Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinoma
Purpose: Patients with advanced stage IIIB or stage IV non-small cell lung carcinoma are typically treated with initial platinum-based chemotherapy. A variety of factors (eg, performance status, gender, age, histology, weight loss, and smoking history) are generally accepted as predictors of overall survival. Because uncontrolled pulmonary disease constitutes a major cause of death in these patients, we hypothesized that clinical and radiographic factors related to intrathoracic disease at diagnosis may be prognostically significant in addition to conventional factors. The results have implications regarding the selection of patients for whom palliative thoracic radiation therapy may be of most benefit. Methods and Materials: We conducted a pooled analysis of 189 patients enrolled at a single institution into 9 prospective phase II and III clinical trials involving first-line, platinum-based chemotherapy. Baseline clinical and radiographic characteristics before trial enrollment were analyzed as possible predictors for subsequent overall survival. To assess the relationship between anatomic location and volume of disease within the thorax and its effect on survival, the pre-enrollment computed tomography images were also analyzed by contouring central and peripheral intrapulmonary disease. Results: On univariate survival analysis, multiple pulmonary-related factors were significantly associated with worse overall survival, including pulmonary symptoms at presentation (P=.0046), total volume of intrathoracic disease (P=.0006), and evidence of obstruction of major bronchi or vessels on prechemotherapy computed tomography (P<.0001). When partitioned into central and peripheral volumes, central (P<.0001) but not peripheral (P=.74) disease was associated with worse survival. On multivariate analysis with known factors, pulmonary symptoms (hazard ratio, 1.46; P=.042), central disease volume (hazard ratio, 1.47; P=.042), and bronchial/vascular compression (hazard ratio, 1.54; P=.022) remained significant. Conclusions: Patients with bulky central disease, bronchial/vascular compression, and/or pulmonary symptoms exhibited worse overall survival after first-line, platinum-based chemotherapy. A subset of these patients may be studied to determine whether early, planned palliative thoracic radiation could also be of benefit.
Higginson, Daniel S., E-mail: email@example.com [Department of Radiation Oncology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina (United States); Chen, Ronald C.; Tracton, Gregg; Morris, David E.; Halle, Jan; Rosenman, Julian G.; Stefanescu, Mihaela; Pham, Erica [Department of Radiation Oncology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina (United States)] [Department of Radiation Oncology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina (United States); Socinski, Mark A. [Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina (United States)] [Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina (United States); Marks, Lawrence B. [Department of Radiation Oncology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina (United States)] [Department of Radiation Oncology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina (United States)
RELAP5/MOD3 simulation of the loss of residual heat removal during midloop operation experiment conducted at the ROSA-IV/ Large Scale Test Facility
The modeling of the complex thermal hydraulics Of reactor systems involves the use Of experimental test systems as well as numerical codes. A simulation of the loss of residual heat removal (RHR) during midloop operations was performed using the RELAP5/MOD3 thermal hydraulic code. The experiment was conducted at the Rig of Safety Assessment (ROSA)-IV/ Large Scale Test Facility (LSTF). The experiment involved a 5% cold leg break along with the loss of the RHR system-The transient was simulated for 3040 seconds. The ROSA-1-V/]LsTF is one of the largest test facilities in the world and is located in Japan. It is a volumetrically scaled (1/48) full height, two loop model of a Westinghouse four loop pressurized water reactor (PWR). The facility consists of pressure vessel, two symmetric loops, a pressurizer and a full emergency core cooling system (ECCS) system. The transient was run on the CRAY-YMP supercomputer at Texas A&M university. Core boiling and primary pressurization followed the initiation of the transient. The time to core boiling was overpredicted. Almost all Primary parameters were predicted well until the occurrence of the loop seal clearing (LSC) at 2400 seconds. The secondary side temperatures were in good agreement with the experimental data until the LSC. Following the LSC, the steam condensation in the tubes was not calculated. This resulted in the overprediction of primary pressures after the LSC. Also, the temperatures in the hot and the cold legs were overpredicted. Because there was no significant condensation in the U-tubes, the core remained uncovered. Moreover, the LSC did not recover. Consequently, secondary side temperatures were underpredicted after the LSC. This indicated the deficiency of the condensation model. The core temperature excursion at the time of the LSC was not predicted, though there was good agreement between the experimental and calculated data for the rest of the transient. Severe oscillations were calculated throughout the course of the transient. Overall, there was reasonable qualitative agreement between the measured and the calculated data.
Banerjee, Sibashis Sanatkumar
Development of Pillared M(IV) Phosphate Phosphonate Inorganic Organic Hybrid Ion Exchange Materials for Applications in Separations found in the Nuclear Fuel Cycle
This dissertation focuses on key intergroup and intragroup separations found in the back end of the nuclear fuel cycle, specifically americium from lanthanides and americium from other actinides, most importantly americium from curium. Our goal is to implement a liquid-solid separation process to reduce waste and risk of contamination by the development of metal(IV) phosphate phosphonate inorganic organic hybrid ion exchange materials with the ideal formula of M(O6P2C6H4)0.5(O3POA) * nH2O, where M = Zr or Sn, A = H or Na. These materials have previously shown to have high affinity for Ln, this work will expand on the previous studies and provide methods for the above target separation, exploiting oxidation state and ion charge to drive the separation process. The optimum hydrothermal reaction conditions were determined by adjusting parameters such as reaction temperature and time, as well as the phosphonate to phosphate (pillarto-spacer) ligands ratio. Following these results four bulk syntheses were performed and their ion exchange properties were thoroughly examined. Techniques such as inductively coupled mass spectrometry and liquid scintillation counting were used to determine the affinity of the materials towards Na+, Cs+, Ca2+, Sr2+, Ni2+, Nd3+, Sm3+, Ho3+, Yb3+, NpO2+, Pu4+, PuO22+, Am3+, AmO2+, and Cm3+. Separation factors in the thousands have been observed for intergroup separations of the Ln from the alkali, alkaline earth, and low valent transition metals. A new method for Am oxidation was developed, which employed Na2S2O8 as the oxidizing agent and Ca(OCl)2 as the stabilizing agent for AmO2+ synthesis. Separation factors of 30-60 for Nd3+ and Eu3+ from AmO2+, as well as 20 for Cm3+ from AmO2+ were observed at pH 2. The work herein shows that a liquid-solid separation can be carried out for these difficult separations by means of oxidation and ion exchange.
Burns, Jonathan
Stop the boats? Change tack http://www.canberratimes.com.au/comment/stop-the-boats-change-tack-20130826-2sm3f.html[28/08/2013 1:47:28 PM
for little reason, and undermined the rule of law. In North America similar laws destroyed whole cities Share Selections Video More video Painting for a world without nuclear arms Autopsy reveals how Chris Lane died Hird still wants to coach at Essendon again RAW VISION: The Bronx Zoo in New York City
Botea, Adi
An empirical study of environmental policy and technology adoption : phasing out toxic antifouling paints on recreational boats
every 7.5 years and costs $40 per square foot to apply.Hull cleaning costs $1 per square foot and must occur 142.5 years at a cost of $30 per square foot for a standard
Damon, Maria
Agent models II: search theory, agent-based simulation, and U-boats in the Bay of Biscay
To date, most search theory study has focused either on analytical models of specific situations requiring rigid assumptions, or, as in the case of search and rescue, operational experiments aimed at obtaining detection probabilities for a variety of ...
Lance Champagne; R. Greg Carl; Raymond Hill
Hydroelastic optimization of a keel fin of a sailing boat: a multidisciplinary robust formulation for ship design
The paper presents a formulation for multidisciplinary design optimization of vessels, subject to uncertain operating conditions. The formulation couples the multidisciplinary design analysis with the Bayesian approach to decision problems affected by ... Keywords: Hydroelastic optimization, Multidisciplinary Design Optimization (MDO), Robust Design Optimization (RDO), Ship design
Matteo Diez; Daniele Peri; Giovanni Fasano; Emilio F. Campana
Biotic and Abiotic Reduction and Solubilization of Pu(IV)O2�xH2O(am) as Affected by Anthraquinone-2,6-disulfonate (AQDS) and Ethylenediaminetetraacetate (EDTA)
In the presence of hydrogen (H{sub 2}), the synthetic chelating agent ethylenediaminetetraacetate (EDTA), and the electron shuttle anthraquinone-2,6-disulfonate (AQDS), the dissimilatory metal-reducing bacteria (DMRB) Shewanella oneidensis and Geobacter sulfurreducens both reductively solubilized 100% of added 0.5 mM plutonium (IV) hydrous oxide (Pu(IV)O{sub 2} {lg_bullet} xH{sub 2}O{sub (am)}) in {approx}24 h at pH 7 in a non-complexing buffer. In the absence of AQDS, bioreduction was much slower ({approx}22 days) and less extensive ({approx}83-94%). In the absence of DMRB but under comparable conditions, 89% (without AQDS) to 98% (with AQDS) of added 0.5 mM PuO{sub 2} {lg_bullet} xH{sub 2}O{sub (am)} was reductively solubilized over 418 days. Under comparable conditions but in the absence of EDTA, Pu(aq) increased by as much as an order of magnitude in some EDTA-free treatments, both biotic and abiotic, and increases in solubility were associated with the production of both Pu(OH)3(am) and Pu(III)(aq). Incubation with DMRB in the absence of EDTA increased the polymeric and crystalline content of the PuO{sub 2} {lg_bullet} xH{sub 2}O{sub (am)} and also decreased Pu solubility in 6-N HCl. Results from an in vitro assay demonstrated electron transfer to PuO{sub 2} {lg_bullet} xH{sub 2}O{sub (am)} from the S. oneidensis outer-membrane c-type cytochrome MtrC, and EDTA increased the oxidation of MtrC by PuO{sub 2} {lg_bullet} xH{sub 2}O{sub (am)}. Our results suggest that PuO{sub 2} {lg_bullet} xH{sub 2}O{sub (am)} biotic and abiotic reduction and solubilization may be important in anoxic, reducing environments, especially where complexing ligands and electron shuttling compounds are present.
Plymale, Andrew E.; Bailey, Vanessa L.; Fredrickson, Jim K.; Heald, Steve M.; Buck, Edgar C.; Shi, Liang; Wang, Zheming; Resch, Charles T.; Moore, Dean A.; Bolton, Harvey
Carbon abundances of early B-type stars in the solar vicinity. Non-LTE line-formation for C II/III/IV and self-consistent atmospheric parameters
Precise determinations of the chemical composition in early B-type stars consitute fundamental observational constraints on stellar and galactochemical evolution. Carbon is one of the most abundant metals in the Universe but analyses in early-type stars show inconclusive results, like large discrepancies between analyses of different lines in C II, a failure to establish the C II/III ionization balance and the derivation of systematically lower abundances than from other objects. We present a comprehensive and robust C II/III/IV model for non-LTE line-formation calculations based on carefully selected atomic data. The model is calibrated with high-S/N spectra of six apparently slow-rotating early B-type dwarfs and giants, which cover a wide parameter range and are randomly distributed in the solar neighbourhood. A self-consistent quantitative spectrum analysis is performed using an extensive iteration scheme to determine stellar atmospheric parameters and to select the appropriate atomic data used for the derivation of chemical abundances. We establish the carbon ionization balance for all sample stars based on a unique set of input atomic data, achieving consistency for all modelled lines. Highly accurate atmospheric parameters and a homogeneous carbon abundance with reduced systematic errors are derived. This results in a present-day stellar carbon abundance in the solar neighbourhood, which is in good agreement with recent determinations of the solar value and with the gas-phase abundance of the Orion H II region. The homogeneous present-day carbon abundance also conforms with predictions of chemical-evolution models for the Galaxy. The present approach allows us to constrain the effects of systematic errors on fundamental parameters and abundances. (abridged)
M. F. Nieva; N. Przybilla
Geophysics IV. Gravity, Magnetic, and Magnetotelluric Methods
During the past two decades, the technology of geophysics has exploded. At the same time, the petroleum industry has been forced to look for more and more subtle traps in more and more difficult terrain. The choice of papers in this geophysics reprint volume reflects this evolution. The papers were chosen to help geologists, not geophysicists, enhance their knowledge of geophysics. Math-intensive papers were excluded because those papers are relatively esoteric and have limited applicability for most geologists. This volume concentrates on gravity, magnetic, and magnetotelluric methods. Each of the 10 papers were abstracted and indexed for the U.S. Department of Energy's Energy Data Base.
Beaumont, E.A.; Foster, N.H. (comps.)
This protein exhibits high affinity for metals and acts as a substrate for the enzyme catechol oxidase, which catalyzes the two electron oxidation of catechol to�...
Magnetic Materials for Energy Applications IV
Energy efficient cooling based on the magnetocaloric effect is an exciting possibility which is rapidly becoming ... Magnetic Materials for Green Innovation.
WEB RESOURCE: Generation IV Nuclear Energy Systems
Feb 16, 2007 ... This web site provides offers a broad overview of the Department of Energy's activities in exploring the development of next generation nuclear�...
Synergies Between Generation-IV and Advanced
Reactors ·LWR: PWR/BWR ·CANDU ·VVER/RBMK Gen III Generation III Advanced LWRs ·System 80+ ·EPR ·AP600 ·ABWR
NFIR-IV Disc Irradiation Project
Fuel restructuring observed in uranium dioxide (UO2) based fuel at high burnup coincides with observations of enhanced fission gas release and reduced thermal conductivity of the fuel material. The transformation of fuel microstructure to so-called high burnup structure (HBS) is thus perceived as a potential limitation to fuel performance. To pursue future research and development (RD) in these and other fuel-pellet-related areas, the Nuclear Fuel Industry Research (NFIR) program commissioned an in-pile ...
Real-time signal processing IV
The following topics were dealt with: parallel computation algorithms and architectures; very high-speed integrated circuit processing; multiple processor systems; real-time signal processing technologies and applications. 48 papers were presented, 40 of which are published in full in the present proceedings. Abstracts of individual papers can be found under the relevant classification codes in this or other issues.
Field Assisted Sintering IV (SPS & Microwave)
Oct 11, 2012 ... 3 ?m depleted uranium dioxide powder within a tungsten super alloy matrix produced from sub-micron tungsten powders. 9:20 AM Invited
Session IV: Rare Earth Mineralogy and Beneficiation
A novel concept of reactive oily bubbles (i.e., bubbles covered by a thin layer of oil containing oil-soluble collectors) as a carrier in flotation is proposed.
Milky Way Tomography IV: Dissecting Dust
We use SDSS photometry of 73 million stars to simultaneously obtain best-fit main-sequence stellar energy distribution (SED) and amount of dust extinction along the line of sight towards each star. Using a subsample of 23 million stars with 2MASS photometry, whose addition enables more robust results, we show that SDSS photometry alone is sufficient to break degeneracies between intrinsic stellar color and dust amount when the shape of extinction curve is fixed. When using both SDSS and 2MASS photometry, the ratio of the total to selective absorption, R{sub V}, can be determined with an uncertainty of about 0.1 for most stars in high-extinction regions. These fits enable detailed studies of the dust properties and its spatial distribution, and of the stellar spatial distribution at low Galactic latitudes (|b| < 30{sup o}). Our results are in good agreement with the extinction normalization given by the Schlegel et al. (1998, SFD) dust maps at high northern Galactic latitudes, but indicate that the SFD extinction map appears to be consistently overestimated by about 20% in the southern sky, in agreement with recent study by Schlafly et al. (2010). The constraints on the shape of the dust extinction curve across the SDSS and 2MASS bandpasses disfavor the reddening law of O'Donnell (1994), but support the models by Fitzpatrick (1999) and Cardelli et al. (1989). For the latter, we find a ratio of the total to selective absorption to be R{sub V} = 3.0 {+-} 0.1(random) {+-} 0.1 (systematic) over most of the high-latitude sky. At low Galactic latitudes (|b| < 5{sup o}), we demonstrate that the SFD map cannot be reliably used to correct for extinction because most stars are embedded in dust, rather than behind it, as is the case at high Galactic latitudes. We analyze three-dimensional maps of the best-fit R{sub V} and find that R{sub V} = 3.1 cannot be ruled out in any of the ten SEGUE stripes at a precision level of {approx} 0.1 - 0.2. Our best estimate for the intrinsic scatter of R{sub V} in the regions probed by SEGUE stripes is {approx} 0.2. We introduce a method for efficient selection of candidate red giant stars in the disk, dubbed 'dusty parallax relation', which utilizes a correlation between distance and the extinction along the line of sight. We make these best-fit parameters, as well as all the input SDSS and 2MASS data, publicly available in a user-friendly format. These data can be used for studies of stellar number density distribution, the distribution of dust properties, for selecting sources whose SED differs from SEDs for high-latitude main sequence stars, and for estimating distances to dust clouds and, in turn, to molecular gas clouds.
Berry, Michael; /Washington U., Seattle, Astron. Dept. /Rutgers U., Piscataway; Ivezic, Zeljko; /Washington U., Seattle, Astron. Dept.; Sesar, Branimir; /Caltech; Juric, Mario; /Harvard U., Phys. Dept.; Schlafly, Edward F.; /Harvard-Smithsonian Ctr. Astrophys.; Bellovary, Jillian; /Michigan U.; Finkbeiner, Douglas; /Harvard-Smithsonian Ctr. Astrophys.; Vrbanec, Dijana; /Zagreb U.; Beers, Timothy C.; /Natl. Solar Observ., Tucson; Brooks, Keira J.; /Washington U., Seattle, Astron. Dept.; Schneider, Donald P.; /Penn State U. /Washington U., Seattle, Astron. Dept.
step and present large scale tokamak design groups should be encouraged. 3. The next reactor design (8th April 1984). These devices are the so called 'Large Tokamaks', because their parameters (Table 1 AND SYMPOSIA TABLE 1-1. CURRENT DATA BASE FOR LARGE TOKAMAKS Parameter/data TFTR JET JT-6O T-15 Major radius (m
Abdou, Mohamed
economic growth. This is the case because the energy we use today comes mainly from fossil fuels - oil, coal and natural gas. While we have enough of these fossil fuels to...
ALUMINIUM REDUCTION TECHNOLOGY: IV: Lining and Cathodes
Now, the finite element analysis techniques (FEA) are widely used in the ... The effect of this material on the ledge profile and thermal distribution were discussed
Processing & Applications IV: Radioactive Metals Processing
The compatibility between erbium oxide and molten cerium, as a surrogate for ... A key process step involving molten salt electrorefining to separate actinides�...
The relationship between inclination dependence of the GB energy and the ... grain boundary carbide precipitates were revealed as very discretely distributed in�...
Materials Processing Fundamentals Symposium IV - TMS
The flow field set up by the standard Hydro gas purging unit has been ... deducing dimensionless heat transfer correlations in liquid metals for natural and forced�...
Accuracy in Powder Diffraction IV Program
... Jacco van de Streek University of Copenhagen, Denmark ... Henning Friis Poulsen Technical University of Denmark, Denmark ...
Minnesota Agripower Project, Task IV research report
Economic analysis is being conducted by the Department of Applied Economics in support of Minnesota Alfalfa Producer`s development of alfalfa as a dedicated biomass feedstock for energy production. University Researchers have assisted in the development and implementation of inventory control systems and procedures. This report lists the tasks for which researchers are currently finalizing economic analysis. The tasks encompass three main areas: (1) optimization of feedstock transportation system, (2) analysis of market potential for new alfalfa products, and (3) total systems analysis.
Fruin, J.; Tiffany, D.
20.5% White Female 15 18.1% White Male 35 42.2% DISABILITY 2 2.4% VETERANS 18 21.7% DIVERSITY 26 48.5 YRS RETIREMENT GENDER AGE SPECIAL 20.8 YRS EDUCATION SUPERVISOR RATIO 10...
MATERIALS FOR SPALLATION NEUTRON SOURCES: IV: Neutronics
The Department of Energy has initiated a pre-conceptual design study for the National Spallation Neutron Source (NSNS) and given preliminary approval for the�...
Unconventional gas sources. Volume IV. Geopressured brines
The following topics are covered: study objectives, regional geology and prospect evaluation, reservoir engineering, drilling and well costs, production and water disposal facilities, pressure maintenance, geothermal and hydraulic energy assessment, operating expense, economic evaluation, environmental considerations, legal considerations, and risks analysis. The study addresses only sandstone brine reservoirs in the Texas and Louisiana Gulf Coast onshore areas. (MHR)
Dilute Oxygen Combustion Phase IV Final Report
Novel furnace designs based on Dilute Oxygen Combustion (DOC) technology were developed under subcontract by Techint Technologies, Coraopolis, PA, to fully exploit the energy and environmental capabilities of DOC technology and to provide a competitive offering for new furnace construction opportunities. Capital cost, fuel, oxygen and utility costs, NOx emissions, oxide scaling performance, and maintenance requirements were compared for five DOC-based designs and three conventional air5-fired designs using a 10-year net present value calculation. A furnace direct completely with DOC burners offers low capital cost, low fuel rate, and minimal NOx emissions. However, these benefits do not offset the cost of oxygen and a full DOC-fired furnace is projected to cost $1.30 per ton more to operate than a conventional air-fired furnace. The incremental cost of the improved NOx performance is roughly $6/lb NOx, compared with an estimated $3/lb. NOx for equ8pping a conventional furnace with selective catalytic reduction (SCCR) technology. A furnace fired with DOC burners in the heating zone and ambient temperature (cold) air-fired burners in the soak zone offers low capital cost with less oxygen consumption. However, the improvement in fuel rate is not as great as the full DOC-fired design, and the DOC-cold soak design is also projected to cost $1.30 per ton more to operate than a conventional air-fired furnace. The NOx improvement with the DOC-cold soak design is also not as great as the full DOC fired design, and the incremental cost of the improved NOx performance is nearly $9/lb NOx. These results indicate that a DOC-based furnace design will not be generally competitive with conventional technology for new furnace construction under current market conditions. Fuel prices of $7/MMBtu or oxygen prices of $23/ton are needed to make the DOC furnace economics favorable. Niche applications may exist, particularly where access to capital is limited or floor space limitations are critical. DOC technology will continue to have a highly competitive role in retrofit applications requiring increases in furnace productivity.
Riley, M.F.
Electromagnetic Transients Program (EMTP) Workbook IV
The complex and versatile EMTP computer program can help utilities analyze electromagnetic transients, which affect the design and operation of power systems. A workbook published in 1986 introduced basic EMTP concepts. To guide advanced users, EPRI and the EMTP Development Coordination Group cosponsored the preparation of three workbooks on complicated program applications.BackgroundStudies of electromagnetic transients were traditionally performed with special ...
Defects and Transport in Ceramics IV
Oct 19, 2011... Oxide Transparent Conductors: Gabriela Gonzalez Aviles1; Rofeideh Mansourian1; Bryan Hardnacke1; Anna Wesolik1; Jordan Gardner1;�...
friction stir welding iv table of contents
Friction Stir Welding�After a Decade of Development [pp. 3-18] William Arbegast . Friction Stir Welding of an Aluminum Coal Hopper Railcar [pp. 19-28
Recycling of Metals and Engineered Materials IV
Jun 25, 2008 ... Edited: 9/15/2010 at 2:24 PM by Materials Sustainability: Digital Resource Center Moderator. Comment on Posting � Quote Top Bottom�...
Carbon Technology IV: Cathode/Plant Operation
Resin bonded carbon refractories avoid the emission of PAH associated with tar based binders. Five prototype resin binders were tested and compared with two�...
Ultrafine Grained Materials IV TABLE OF CONTENTS
A.A. Smolyakov, V.P. Solovyev, and A.I. Korshunov. Crystallization Reactions in Amorphous Al Alloys Induced by Intense Plastic Deformation [pp. 151
IV Estimation of Panels with Factor Residuals
. In microeconometric panels, the factor structure may capture different sources of unobserved individual-specific heterogeneity, the impact of which varies intertem- porally in an arbitrary way. For instance, in studies of production functions, the factor loadings may... supply, Euler equations for household consumption, and em- pirical growth models. In these models the coefficient of the lagged dependent variable captures inertia, habit formation and costs of adjustment and therefore it has structural significance (see...
Robertson, Donald; Sara dis, Vasilis
Table of Contents List of Tables iv
De ACA epart DEMI SELF JA tme IC PR F-STU ANUA nt o ROGR UDY R ARY f Hi RAM R REPO 2011 istor REVIE to the Program Review and CID and Recent Reforms 30 Current Structure of the Graduate Program 34 Recent Trends 41
Polarized proton target-IV. Operations manual
Standard operating procedures are presented for the vacuum, cryogenic, and electronic systems of a polarized proton target. The systems are comprised of (1) a target cryostat; (2) a $sup 4$He pumping system; (3) a $sup 3$He pumping system; (4) a microwave system; (5) a magnet and power supply; (6) a computerized polarization monitor; and (7) miscellaneous auxiliary equipment. (PMA)
Hill, D.; Fletcher, O.; Moretti, A.; Onesto, F.
Part IV, Matrix of Compliance Requirements
Davis Bacon Act Davis Bacon Act Eligibility Equipment and Real Property Management Matching, Level of Effort, Earmarking Period of Availability of Federal Funds Procurement/ Suspension/ Debarment Program Income Real Property Acquisition/ Relocation Reporting Subrecipient Monitoring NEPA National Historic Preservation Act Special Tests and Provisions 81.036 Inventions and Innovations Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes 81.049 Office of Science Financial Assistance Program Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes 81.079 Regional Biomass Energy Programs Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes 81.086 Conservation Research and Development Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes 81.087 Renewable Energy Research and Development Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes 81.089 Fossil Energy Research and
Equilibrium relations in the system TiO{sub 2}/V{sub 2}O{sub 5}/P{sub 2}O{sub 5} and crystal structure of a NASICON-related vanadyl(V) titanium(IV) phosphate
Vanadyl(V)-titanium-orthophosphate (V{sup V}O)Ti{sup IV}{sub 6}(PO{sub 4}){sub 9} is formed by solid state reactions in the temperature range 525{<=}{theta}{<=}780 Degree-Sign C. At higher temperature decomposition into V{sub 2}O{sub 5} and the hitherto unknown solid solution Ti(P{sub 1-x}V{sub x}){sub 2}O{sub 7} (0{<=}x{<=}0.23; 0.30{<=}x{<=}0.43) is observed. The process of phase formation has been monitored by MAS-NMR ({sup 31}P, {sup 51}V) spectroscopy. Equilibrium phase relations in the quaternary system TiO{sub 2}/VO{sub 2.5}/PO{sub 2.5} have been determined. A structure analysis from X-ray single-crystal data (P6{sub 3}/m (No. 176), Z=2; a=8.4438(3) A, c=22.215(1) A, 14 independent atoms, 87 variables, 2066 unique reflections, R1=0.032, wR2=0.084) shows the relationship of (V{sup V}O)Ti{sup IV}{sub 6}(PO{sub 4}){sub 9} to the NASICON structure family. In marked contrast to the other members of this family [Ti{sup IV}{sub 2}O{sub 9}] double-octahedra and strongly distorted tetrahedral [(V{sup V}=O)O{sub 3}] groups are observed besides isolated [Ti{sup IV}O{sub 6}] octahedra and phosphate tetrahedra. The structure model is in agreement with the results from MAS-NMR ({sup 31}P, {sup 51}V) spectroscopy. - Graphical abstract: (V{sup V}O)Ti{sup IV}{sub 6}(PO{sub 4}){sub 9} belongs to the NASICON structure family. Its structure contains [Ti{sup IV}{sub 2}O{sub 9}] double-octahedra and unprecedented, strongly distorted tetrahedral [(V{sup V}=O)O{sub 3}] groups, in stark contrast to other members of this family. The structure model is in agreement with the results from MAS-NMR ({sup 31}P, {sup 51}V) spectroscopy. Highlights: Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer Equilibrium relations for the subsolidus have been established for the system TiO{sub 2}/V{sub 2}O{sub 5}/P{sub 2}O{sub 5}. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer Phase formation has been monitored by XRPD as well as by {sup 31}P- and {sup 51}-MAS-NMR. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer A solid solution Ti(P{sub 1-x}V{sub x}){sub 2}O{sub 7} exists up to x=0.43 with a miscibility gap at 0.23{<=}x{<=}0.30. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer The crystal structure of the new NASICON-related phosphate (V{sup V}O)Ti{sup IV}{sub 6}(PO{sub 4}){sub 9} is reported. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer The crystal structure contains the unprecedented [(V=O)O{sub 3}] group.
Titlbach, Sven; Hoffbauer, Wilfried [Institut fuer Anorganische Chemie der Universitaet Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Str. 1, D-53121 Bonn (Germany)] [Institut fuer Anorganische Chemie der Universitaet Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Str. 1, D-53121 Bonn (Germany); Glaum, Robert, E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com [Institut fuer Anorganische Chemie der Universitaet Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Str. 1, D-53121 Bonn (Germany)] [Institut fuer Anorganische Chemie der Universitaet Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Str. 1, D-53121 Bonn (Germany)
The simulation of a 1-inch break loss-of-coolant accident at the ROSA-IV/AP600 test facility using RELAP5/AP600 test facility using RELAP5/MOD3.2
During certification of the Advanced Passive 600 MWe Nuclear Reactor (AP600), the Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) contracted with the Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute (JAERI) to conduct a series of confirmatory experiments at the Rig of Safety Assessment (ROSA-IV) Test Facility. The data from these experiments would provide: the response of the new AP600's passive safety systems and the data necessary to assess the ability of RELAP5/MOD3.2 thermal-hydraulic computer code to simulate the AP600 behavior during a small break loss-of-coolant accident. An experiment to simulate a I-inch break at the bottom of Loop B Cold Leg (APCL-03) was conducted. During the test thermal stratifications of 184' K and 123' K in Loop A and B Cold Legs, respectively, were observed. RELAP5/MOD3.2 is a one dimensional code is incapable of simulating this thermal stratification. To present this threedimensional phenomenon using RELAP5/MOD3.2 thermal-hydraulic code, a multi-stack noding approach was adopted. Two different nodalization techniques, split cold leg with cross-flow and split without cross-flow junctions, were performed. The nodalization patterns had little difference in calculating the temperatures in the cold legs. Split cold leg without cross-flow junctions nodalization was chosen for further study. The code predictions with the two-regions nodes produced thermal stratifications in Loop A and Loop B Cold Legs of 132' K and 74' K, respectively. This is approximately 50' K less than the maximum seen in AP-CL-03 measurement. This is due to only two regions being used. When the thermal interfaces do not lie along the centerline of the pipe, then an average of the temperatures above and below the interface are calculated. The most important information is the influence of the thermal stratification on the core collapsed liquid level. The nominal case showed a minimum value of 53% of the core covered, while with the other case a minimum value of 52% was obtained. With less than 1% difference, the splitting of the cold leg into a multi-stack nodes does not cause any significant deviations in estimating the collapsed liquid level of the core.
Piper, Robert Beverly
Regenerative air heater
A gas-cooled steel skirt is used to support a refractory cored brick matrix and dome structure in a high temperature regenerative air heater useful in magnetohydrodynamic power generation. The steel skirt thermally expands to accommodate the thermal expansion of the dome structure despite substantial temperature differential thereby reducing relative movement between the dome bricks. Gas cooling of the steel skirt allows the structure to operate above its normal temperature during clean-out cycles and also allows for the control of the thermal expansion of the steel skirt.
Hasselquist, Paul B. (Maple Grove, MN); Baldner, Richard (Minnetonka, MN)
Hasselquist, P.B.; Baldner, R.
Ocean bottom seisometer
An improved ocean bottom seismometer is described comprising: a spherical-shaped main housing having a seismic acquisition portion and a ballast portion below the acquisition portion. The ballast portion controls the ascent and descent of the ocean bottom seismometer; a conical skirt fixed to the main housing elevating the main housing above a horizontal plane coincident with a base of the skirt. The skirt is capable of confining fluid under the main housing when the base rests on an ocean bottom; spherical compartments mounted inside the skirt; and a lifting hook mounted on the outside of the main housing.
Neeley, W.P.
A COMPARISON OF SPECTRAL DATA FROM TORMAC T IV-a AND T IV-c
current Preionization current Shaker heating Interferometer Preionization current Bias field Plasma current Flux
Shaw, R. S.
coordinates in which the kinetic energy matrix is a unitmatrix and the potential energy matrix contains the force
Banks, Rodney H.
Development; Advanced Nuclear Fuel Cycles and Radioactivesolvent extractions for nuclear fuel reprocessing, bio-level materials found in nuclear fuel wastes [3] and the
Machine Vision and Applications DOI 10.1007/s00138-010-0262-3
]. The authors also thank Mulloy Morrow for capturing the Boats1 and Boats2 video. This work was funded by NSF
Vasconcelos, Nuno M.
... the overall length of the boat, as shown ... engine room compartments on recreational boats/pleasure craft ... was equipped with twin CAT diesel engines ...
Visualization of Search Results: A Comparative Evaluation of ...
... A has the concepts "boat", "sink", and "ocean", and cluster B has "boat", "sink", "ocean", and "storm", then they ... [6] Hearst, M., Karadi, C. Cat-a-Cone ...
Black suit with a white, button down, collared dress shirt and conservative tie Black socks and black shoes
Dress Code Men · Black suit with a white, button down, collared dress shirt and conservative tie · Black socks and black shoes Women · Black dress, black suit pant or skirt (dress or skirt must be at or below the knee) · Black hose (without pattern) and black dress shoes MSC OPAS provides: · A volunteer
Boas, Harold P.
Identifying Innovative Mechanisms to Terminate Inefficient Federal Government Programs
'). Then there are topics that occur frequently over a short range of years (e.g. `dresses skirt plain wool'). And still dress drapery foot wool skirts line gathered surah pleats basque vest 18 satin red lace gold plush. Home Economics Archive: Research, Tradition and History (HEARTH). Ithaca, NY: Albert R. Mann Library
Lewis, Robert Michael
A shock absorbing mount in which vibrations are damped by an interference fit between relatively movable parts of the mount is described. A pair of generally cup-shaped parts or members have skirt portions disposed in an oppositely facing nesting relationship with the skirt of one member frictionally engaging the skirt of the other. The outermost skirt may be slotted to provide spring-like segments which embrace the inner skirt for effecting the interference fit. Belleville washers between the members provide yieldable support for a load carried by the mount. When a resonant frequency of vibration forces acting upon the moumt attains a certain level the kinetic energy of these forces is absorbed by sliding friction between the parts. (AEC)
Stevens, D.J.; Forman, G.W.
Photovoltaic systems concept study. Volume IV. Final report
This report has been prepared in nine sections plus appendices, separated into five separate volumes. This volume contains three sections. Separate abstracts were prepared for each section. (MHR)
Designing for Impact IV: Workshop on Building the Natioal ...
... US is world manufacturing leader, China's growth not �zero sum game� ... Colorado State University � National Renewable Energy Laboratory ...
Thin Films - Preparation and Properties IV - Programmaster.org
Aug 5, 2010 ... In order to improve the performance of wide bandgap semiconductor such as TiO 2 or ZnO, a variety of micro-grids were deposited on the�...
Appendix IV. Risks Associated with Conventional Uranium Milling Introduction
as in situ leaching (ISL) mining operations, to provide a more complete picture of uranium production. While this report focuses on the impacts associated with conventional surface and underground uranium mines Radioactive Materials from Uranium Mining. Volume 1: Mining and Reclamation Background" by U.S. EPA (2006
OTEC SKSS preliminary designs. Volume IV. Appendixes. Final report
This volume contains appendices to the Station Keeping Subsystem design study for the 40 MeW Modular Experiment OTEC platforms. Appendices presented include: detailed drag calculations; sample CALMS computer printouts for SPAR and BARGE static analyses; sample time domain computer printouts (Hydromechanics, Inc.) program; extreme value and fatigue load calculations; anchor design calculations; deployment calculations; bottom slope plots; time domain analysis report by Hydromechanics Inc.; detailed cost analysis; control systems study report by Sperry Systems Management; cost estimates for model basin tests; and hydrodynamic loading on the mooring cables. (WHK)
Experimental Methods for Microgravity Materials Science: Session IV
This new technological approach relies on direct acoustic radiation forces to position ... which resulted in a new ground-based pilot production of bearing metals,�...
IV. NORTHERN SOUTH AMERI CA - Energy Information Administration
the Neuquen Basin by Apache, EOG, ExxonMobil, TOTAL, YPF, and smaller companies. Thick, organic-rich, marine-deposited black shales in the Los Molles and Vaca Muerta
TEMPERATURE MEASUREMENTS IN THE TORMAC IV-c PLASMA
to absorb the ionize bank energy. The ionization rate isthe bank was run at 15 kv or 12.8 kJ of stored energy.bank They can operate at voltages up to 20 kv for a total energy
Greenwald, Martin
IV. Uniform Regulations G. Uniform Engine Fuels and ...
... An electrochemical energy conversion device in which fuel and an oxidant react to generate electricity without consumption, physically or ...
Dysbaric gas bubble disease in dogs. IV. Acclimatization to diving
Acclimatization to diving was documented to occur in dogs. An increase in the number of repetitive dives which could be tolerated, as well as a decrease in the total number of pulmonary artery venous gas emboli resulting from individual dives were observed. The results from the experimental subject ''Jason'' indicate that acclimatization involves a reduction in the number of bubbles, and not an increase in the ability of the body to tolerate bubbles. Acclimatization is principally a physical rather than a physiological event. Bubbles forming in vivo must grow from nuclei of some sort. If these nuclei are stable, discrete structure that are destroyed when they grow into gross bubbles, then repetitive diving might markedly reduce by attrition the number of such bubble micronuclei. This would result in fewer bubbles being formed during subsequent dives, thus leading to the observed acclimatization effect. 7 refs., 3 figs., 4 tabs.
Kunkle, T.D.; Morita, A.; Beckman, E.L.
Magnetic Materials for Energy Applications IV: High Performance ...
... Materials for Power Electronics, Power Conditioning and Power Conversion II) ... for real-life modeling of various devices, such as transformers and motors.
Iterated Differential Forms IV: C-Spectral Sequence
For the multiple differential algebra of iterated differential forms (see math.DG/0605113 and math.DG/0609287) on a diffiety (O,C) an analogue of C-spectral sequence is constructed. The first term of it is naturally interpreted as the algebra of secondary iterated differential forms on (O,C). This allows to develop secondary tensor analysis on generic diffieties, some simplest elements of which are sketched here. The presented here general theory will be specified to infinite jet spaces and infinitely prolonged PDEs in subsequent notes.
A. M. Vinogradov; L. Vitagliano
Available Technologies: Water Soluble and Highly Selective Th(IV ...
... Berkeley Lab technology can be modified to develop highly specific chelators of lanthanides or other actinides such as plutonium, uranium, or neptunium.
Physik IV: Integrierter Kurs Dozenten: Prof. Dr. Georg Maret
, -252, -253, and -254, curium-240, -241, -242, -243, -244, -245, -246 and -247, einsteinium-252, - 253, -254 and -255, fermium-257, gadolinium-148, mendelevium-258, neptunium-235 and - 237, polonium-210
.922 Thulium (Tm) [Xe]4f13 6s2 0.880 0,04 Mendelevium (Md) [Rn]5f13 7s2 0.912 Ytterbium (Yb) [Xe]4f14 6s2 0
LIGHT WEIGHT ALLOYS FOR AEROSPACE APPLICATION IV: II: Al ...
Tech., Pohang 790784, Korea; M.C. Kim, Research Inst. of Industrial Science and Tech., Pohang 790600, Korea. Amorphous aluminum alloys show an attractive�...
Generation IV International Forum Signs Agreement to Collaborate...
member countries include: Argentina, Brazil, Canada, France, Japan, South Africa, South Korea, Switzerland, the United Kingdom, the United States and the European Union. For more...
LIGHT WEIGHT ALLOYS FOR AEROSPACE APPLICATION IV: V: Ti ...
Room: 330A. Session Chairperson: Soo Woo Nam, Dept. of Materials Science & Eng., Korea Adv. Inst. of Science and Technology, Taejon 305-701 Korea�...
Observations on A Technology Roadmap for Generation IV Nuclear...
the U.S. will depend greatly on the continued success of currently operating light water nuclear power plants and the ordering of new installations in the short term. DOE needs to...
FULL ONIZATION TIME (USEC) TOTAL IONIZATION VS TIME. FILL6.8 s e A V\\ J TIME s. (USEC) WIDTH AND INTENSITY OF HEIId rENSITY ra es n TIME (USEC) WIDTH AND INTENSITY OF HEII
F /F2, the free ion energy matrix can be expressed in termssystem, the kinetic energy matrix is simply a unit matrixexperience matrix shifts to lower energies and in the solid,
Banks, Rodney Howard
... were increased, the combustion temperature and its velocity were increased. ... Beralcast(363 is a new cast in-situ composite alloy containing 65 wt% Be that�...
Triboelectric Fly Ash Beneficiation: Summary Report, Phase IV
The Center for Applied Energy Research (CAER) at the University of Kentucky has devised new approaches for extracting marketable fly ash from high carbon combustion ashes. Dry beneficiation technology based on pneumatic transport, triboelectric principles has emerged with the potential for high efficiency removal of carbon at low cost and with no secondary waste products. (EPRI Interim Report TR-109016, November, 1997; EPRI Interim Report TR-111647, November 1998; EPRI Report TE-113673, September 1999; E...
Energy Storage IV: Materials, Systems and Applications Symposium
Organizer(s), Xingbo Liu, West Virginia University Keeyoung Jung, Research Institute ... Yang-Tse Cheng, University of Kentucky. Scope, The transition from the�...
Gen IV Materials (ASME-DOE Project) - Programmaster.org
... reactors, ASME Standards Technology, LLC (ASME ST-LLC) has been working with major stakeholders from industry, government, and academia to develop�...
Thermal performance of the exterior envelopes of buildings IV
The purpose of this conference was to present for discussion the latest research from industrial, academic, and government laboratories on issues that will reduce energy consumption by improving the design and construction of buildings. The primary topics covered in the 15 sessions were Hot Climates, Daylighting, Walls/Roofs, Reflective Systems, Standards/Codes, Fenestration, Infiltration/Ventilation, Moisture, Whole Buildings, and Foundations. Abstracts were prepared for the 63 papers. (SC)
IV. Uniform Regulations B. Uniform Regulation for the Method ...
... Labeling. � All hydrogen fuel kept, offered, or exposed for sale and sold at retail shall be in mass units in terms of the kilogram. ...
Solar Energy Education. Reader, Part IV. Sun schooling
A collection of magazine articles which focus on solar energy is presented. This is the final book of the four part series of the Solar Energy Reader. The articles include brief discussions on energy topics such as the sun, ocean energy, methane gas from cow manure, and solar homes. Instructions for constructing a sundial and a solar stove are also included. A glossary of energy related terms is provided. (BCS)
Relating Laboratory and Outdoor Exposure of Coatings: IV. ...
... 50�C for 1536 hr are displayed inl Figure 6a ... and how it affects the protective performance of ... that are responsible for the Joss of protection of organic ...
Room: 330A. Session Chairperson: J.E. Benci, Wayne State University, Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering, Detroit, MI 48202�...
PADD IV PADD II lakes PADD V - PADD II - inland
228 U.S. Energy Information Administration Annual Energy Outlook 2013 Regional maps Source Maritime Canada Caribbean PADD V - other PADD II lakes PADD V -
Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) and Lawrence BerkeleyNational Laboratory (LBNL). PNNL is operated by Battelle
37 46.8% No Degrees 16 20.3% SUPERVISOR RATIO SUPERVISORS SUPERVISORS RATIO 5.6 TO 1 DIVERSITY American Indian Male 1 1.3% American Indian Female 0 0.0% African American Male 3...
7 6.9% VETERANS 23 22.5% AGE SPECIAL 17.2 YRS EDUCATION SUPERVISOR RATIO 14 DIVERSITY 2 YEARS OF FEDERAL SERVICE 35 21 13 4 27 50.4 YRS RETIREMENT GENDER Los Alamos Site...
4 30 17 51.1 YRS RETIREMENT GENDER AGE SPECIAL 22.0 YRS EDUCATION SUPERVISOR RATIO 8 DIVERSITY Males 67.4% Females 32.6% GENDER 5.3% 6.3% 27.4% 41.1% 17.9% 2.1% UNDER 30 30-39...
elevated temperature coatings:science and technology iv
Vladamir K. Tolpygo and David R. Clarke. MODELING .... R. Keith Bird, Terryl A. Wallace and. Sankara N. ... Narendra B. Dahotre and Lalitha R. Katipelli.
Neutron and X-Ray Studies of Advanced Materials IV
We propose to organize a seven-session Symposium on Neutron and X-Ray ... the advent of new powerful neutron sources such as the Spallation Neutron�...
CAST SHOP TECHNOLOGY: IV: Metal Treatment-Fluxing
The flowfield in the HI10 HYCAST reactor is investigated both theoretically and ... This paper will summarize the theory behind the direct shearing approach and�...
Proceedings of National Avian-Wind Power Planning Meeting IV
OAK-B135 The purpose of the fourth meeting was to (1) share research and update research conducted on avian wind interactions (2) identify questions and issues related to the research results, (3) develop conclusions about some avian/wind power issues, and (4) identify questions and issues for future avian research.
NWCC Avian Subcommittee
Green Technologies for Materials Manufacturing and Processing IV
Apr 2, 2012 ... Therefore, �green� or environmentally benign technologies have been a ... products and processes; development of alternative technologies;�...
Accuracy in Powder Diffraction IV NIST, Gaithersburg MD ...
... iron) � Steel � Slag Page 5. Iron making - value chain Raw materials Coal Lumpy ore Mining Waste Slag Final product Steel (Retained Austenite) ...
Joint implementation : lessons from Title IV's voluntary compliance programs
The United Nation's Framework Convention on Climate Change (FCCC), signed by more than 150 nations in June 1992, commits signatory countries to limit greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions to 1990 levels by the year 2000. Article ...
Atkeson, Erica
Designing for Impact IV: Workshop on Building the National ...
... the 2000s - a job rate loss that exceeds ... the establishment of A National Network for Manufacturing ... competitiveness, and job-creating power of US ...
Vast quantities of natural gas are entrapped within various tight formations in the Rocky Mountain area. This report seeks to quantify what proportion of that resource can be considered recoverable under today's technological and economic conditions and discusses factors controlling recovery. The ultimate goal of this project is to encourage development of tight gas reserves by industry through reducing the technical and economic risks of locating, drilling and completing commercial tight gas wells. This report is the fourth in a series and focuses on the Wind River Basin located in west central Wyoming. The first three reports presented analyses of the tight gas reserves and resources in the Greater Green River Basin (Scotia, 1993), Piceance Basin (Scotia, 1995) and the Uinta Basin (Scotia, 1995). Since each report is a stand-alone document, duplication of language will exist where common aspects are discussed. This study, and the previous three, describe basin-centered gas deposits (Masters, 1979) which contain vast quantities of natural gas entrapped in low permeability (tight), overpressured sandstones occupying a central basin location. Such deposits are generally continuous and are not conventionally trapped by a structural or stratigraphic seal. Rather, the tight character of the reservoirs prevents rapid migration of the gas, and where rates of gas generation exceed rates of escape, an overpressured basin-centered gas deposit results (Spencer, 1987). Since the temperature is a primary controlling factor for the onset and rate of gas generation, these deposits exist in the deeper, central parts of a basin where temperatures generally exceed 200 F and drill depths exceed 8,000 feet. The abbreviation OPT (overpressured tight) is used when referring to sandstone reservoirs that comprise the basin-centered gas deposit. Because the gas resources trapped in this setting are so large, they represent an important source of future gas supply, prompting studies to understand and quantify the resource itself and to develop technologies that will permit commercial exploitation. This study is a contribution to that process.
Robert Caldwell
... of directors, and a national advisory panel ... effectiveness by an independent board to drive ... Hogan - Deputy Assistant Secretary Energy Efficiency, US ...
Teil IV: Von der Satzung der Europ�ischen Gemeinschaft ... - Springer
begriffenes Volk zuerst einen Gemeinsinn haben sollte, bevor es sich eine Ver- ... derma�en: �Damit ein werdendes Volk die gesunden Grunds�tze der Politik.
Recycling of Metals and Engineered Materials IV (Print Format)
Aug 1, 2000 ... 993-1003]A New Proposal of Continuous Agitation Vacuum Distillation Process ( CAVP) to Remove Zn from Aluminum Scrap Melt[pp.
Properties of Pyrotechnic Nucleants Used in Grossversuch IV
The characteristics of the pyrotechnic nucleant Silverspare, containing only 2% by weight of silver iodide and produced in the USSR are investigated and compared with other widely used materials. It was found that it had a high ice nucleation ...
B. Federer; A. Schneider
LIGHT WEIGHT ALLOYS FOR AEROSPACE APPLICATION IV: I: Al ...
... Engineering, College of Chemical, Physical, and Materials Science & Engineering, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, Rapid City, SD 57701.
Proceedings of the workshop on the impact of hydrogen on water reactor safety. Volume IV of IV
Separate abstracts were prepared for papers presented in the following areas: (1) hydrogen mitigation, and (2) hydrogen research programs.
Berman, M. (ed.)
. . . . , IV, . 1-2 2004, Tech. Chron. Sci. J. TCG, IV, No 1-2 7 60% (),
include the capture of methane in biogas and the collection and treatment of leachate solutions.Also, modern U.S. landfills try to collect the biogas produced during the life of the landfill. However of the biogas is collected, as is discussed in the following section. 3.2.1. Methane emissions to the atmosphere
Columbia University
Investigation of Non-Gaussian Doppler Spectra Observed by Weather Radar in a Tornadic Supercell
Radar Doppler spectra that deviate from a Gaussian shape were observed from a tornadic supercell on 10 May 2003, exhibiting features such as a dual peak, flat top, and wide skirt in the nontornadic region. Motivated by these observations, a ...
Tian-You Yu; Ricardo Reinoso Rondinel; Robert D. Palmer
Effects of piston design and lubricant selection on reciprocating engine friction
The interaction between the piston and the liner in a reciprocating engine is of much interest because it affects reliability, noise, and efficiency. This study evaluated various changes to the piston skirt with the specific ...
Moughon, Luke (Luke Frank)
Features of Westerly Waves Propagating over Southern Africa during Summer
Middle latitude westerly waves skirting the southern tip of Africa during summer were examined for consistent features. Composite, upper air rawind soundings for two independent cases were analyzed. The thermodynamic and dynamic fields were ...
Bruce Kelbe
Vacuum foil insulation system
In a multifoil thermal insulation package having a plurality of concentric cylindrical cups, means are provided for reducing heat loss from the penetration region which extends through the cups. At least one cup includes an integral skirt extending from one end of the cup to intersection with the penetration means. Assembly of the insulation package with the skirted cup is facilitated by splitting the cup to allow it to be opened up and fitted around the other cups during assembly.
Hanson, John P. (White Oak Boro, PA); Sabolcik, Rudolph E. (Carroll Township, PA); Svedberg, Robert C. (Elizabeth Township, PA)
New hypodiphosphates of the alkali metals: Synthesis, crystal structure and vibrational spectra of the hypodiphosphates(IV) M{sub 2}[(H{sub 2}P{sub 2}O{sub 6})(H{sub 4}P{sub 2}O{sub 6})] (M=Rb and Cs)
The new hypodiphosphates(IV) Rb{sub 2}[(H{sub 2}P{sub 2}O{sub 6})(H{sub 4}P{sub 2}O{sub 6})] (1) and Cs{sub 2}[(H{sub 2}P{sub 2}O{sub 6})(H{sub 4}P{sub 2}O{sub 6})] (2) were synthesized by soft chemistry reactions from aqueous solutions of hypophosphoric acid and the corresponding heavy alkali-metal carbonates. Their crystal structures were determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction. Both compounds crystallize isotypic in the triclinic space group P-1 with one formula unit in the unit cell. The structures are built up by discrete (H{sub 2}P{sub 2}O{sub 6}){sup 2-} and (H{sub 4}P{sub 2}O{sub 6}) units in staggered conformation for the P{sub 2}O{sub 6} skeleton and the corresponding alkali-metal cations. In the (H{sub 2}P{sub 2}O{sub 6}){sup 2-} ion the hydrogen atoms are in a 'trans-trans' conformation. O{center_dot}H-O hydrogen bonds between the (H{sub 2}P{sub 2}O{sub 6}){sup 2-} and (H{sub 4}P{sub 2}O{sub 6}) groups consolidate the structures into a three-dimensional network. The FT-Raman and {sup 31}P and {sup 1}H and MAS NMR spectra of the title compounds have been recorded and interpreted, especially with respect to their assignment to the (H{sub 2}P{sub 2}O{sub 6}){sup 2-} and (H{sub 4}P{sub 2}O{sub 6}) groups. Thermogravimetric data of 2 have been interpreted in terms of a thermal decomposition model. - Graphical Abstract: The layered compounds Rb{sub 2}[(H{sub 2}P{sub 2}O{sub 6})(H{sub 4}P{sub 2}O{sub 6})] and Cs{sub 2}[(H{sub 2}P{sub 2}O{sub 6})(H{sub 4}P{sub 2}O{sub 6})] have been synthesized and investigated. Both crystallize isotypic. The structures are built up by discrete (H{sub 2}P{sub 2}O{sub 6}){sup 2-} and (H{sub 4}P{sub 2}O{sub 6}) units and the corresponding alkali-metal cations. Highlights: Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer Synthesis and single-crystal structure of new alkali hypodiphosphates. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer Structures are characterized by [(H{sub 2}P{sub 2}O{sub 6})(H{sub 4}P{sub 2}O{sub 6})]{sup 2-} units and M{sup +} cations. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer (H{sub 2}P{sub 2}O{sub 6}){sup 2-} and (H{sub 4}P{sub 2}O{sub 6}) units are linked by short hydrogen bonds. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer Both compounds are characterized by {sup 31}P MAS-NMR spectra.
Wu, Peng [Institut fuer Anorganische und Analytische Chemie der TU Clausthal, Paul-Ernst-Strasse 4, D-38678 Clausthal-Zellerfeld (Germany)] [Institut fuer Anorganische und Analytische Chemie der TU Clausthal, Paul-Ernst-Strasse 4, D-38678 Clausthal-Zellerfeld (Germany); Wiegand, Thomas; Eckert, Hellmut [Institut fuer Physikalische Chemie and Graduate School of Chemistry, Westfaelische Wilhelms-Universitaet Muenster, Corrensstr. 28/30, D-48149 Muenster (Germany)] [Institut fuer Physikalische Chemie and Graduate School of Chemistry, Westfaelische Wilhelms-Universitaet Muenster, Corrensstr. 28/30, D-48149 Muenster (Germany); Gjikaj, Mimoza, E-mail: email@example.com [Institut fuer Anorganische und Analytische Chemie der TU Clausthal, Paul-Ernst-Strasse 4, D-38678 Clausthal-Zellerfeld (Germany)] [Institut fuer Anorganische und Analytische Chemie der TU Clausthal, Paul-Ernst-Strasse 4, D-38678 Clausthal-Zellerfeld (Germany)
2003 100 Find shots with aerial views containing both one or ...
... 2003 122 Find shots of one or more cats. ... a body of water with docking facilities for boats and/or ... like they belong to a harbor or boat dock - 1012 ...
Tracking animals in freshwater with electronic tags: past, present and future
including electromagnetic noise interference from trackingInterference from macrophytes and noise (for example, boats, entrained air) Emit electromagnetic
Northwest EMC, Bothell Lab
... Vehicles, boats and internal combustion engines. ... and internal combustion engine driven devices ... performance of external cardiac pacemakers with ...
Northwest EMC, Irvine Lab
... Star Test Methodfor External Power Supplies ... Vehicles, boats and internal combustion engines. ... and internal combustion engine driven devices ...
Northwest EMC- Minnesota Lab
Northwest EMC, Hillsboro Lab
MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES Mar Ecol Prog Ser
that dwarf the Sila, the boat used for narwhal tagging/tracking. Courtesy Kristin Laidre. Narwhals. Courtesy
Meyers, Steven D.
West Virginia University Robert C. Byrd Health Sciences
) drill collar nmi [science and boating] nautical mile NRC [U.S. Govt.] Nuclear Regulatory Commission NRM
Mohaghegh, Shahab
Selection Of Software Development Process: A Study Of Changes In The Software Development Process Of Five Norwegian Companies
iii 2. Conclusions.............................................................................................................................. iv 3.
Ulf Erik Holmen; Petter Strand; Ulf Erik; Holmen Petter Strand
Nuclear reactor with low-level core coolant intake
A natural-circulation boiling-water reactor has skirts extending downward from control rod guide tubes to about 10 centimeters from the reactor vessel bottom. The skirts define annular channels about control rod drive housings that extend through the reactor vessel bottom. Recirculating water is forced in through the low-level entrances to these channels, sweeping bottom water into the channels in the process. The sweeping action prevents cooler water from accumulating at the bottom. This in turn minimizes thermal shock to bottom-dwelling components as would occur when accumulated cool water is swept away and suddenly replaced by warmer water.
Challberg, Roy C. (Livermore, CA); Townsend, Harold E. (Campbell, CA)
Two-stage fixed-bed gasifier with selectable middle gas off-take point
A two-stage fixed bed coal gasifier wherein an annular region is in registry with a gasification zone underlying a devolatilization zone for extracting a side stream of high temperature substantially tar-free gas from the gasifier. A vertically displaceable skirt means is positioned within the gasifier to define the lower portion of the annular region so that vertical displacement of the skirt means positions the inlet into the annular region in a selected location within or in close proximity to the gasification zone for providing a positive control over the composition of the side stream gas.
Strickland, Larry D. (Morgantown, WV); Bissett, Larry A. (Morgantown, WV)
Strickland, L.D.; Bissett, L.A.
Process feasibility study in support of silicon material task I. Quarterly technical progress report (IV)
During this reporting period, major efforts were expended on process system properties, chemical engineering, and economic analyses. In Task 1, primary activities were devoted to properties analyses of silicon source materials and silicon tetrafluoride investigation. Experimental data were identified for critical temperature and pressure for silicon tetrafluoride. Major chemical engineering analysis activities in Task 2 were devoted to preliminary process design for a 1000 metric ton/yr plant (solar cell grade silicon) based on the Zn/SiCl/sub 4/ process (Battelle). In Task 3, economic analysis activities were continued including survey results for product cost estimation techniques. Nominal values--product cost subitems for application to alternate processes--were selected. Economic results based on the preliminary process design are presented for the Zn/Sicl/sub 4/ process. Capital investment (fixed) was determined at $10,100,000 for the 1000 metric/tons year plant. Total product cost was estimated at $9.49 per kg of silicon. (WDM)
Hansen, K.C.; Hopper, J.R.; Miller, J.W. Jr.; Yaws, C.L.
Pre-Publication Copy Spring (March/April) 2009 (Vol. IV, No. 4)
Reuter The global dimension of the U.S. war on drugs needs downsizing. Immigration 53 Facing Facts about by Neal M. Rosendorf What Hollywood can do for (and to) China. Reviews 92 The Death of the Predator State
Huang, Jianyu
Synthesis, crystal structure and biological activities of four novel tetranuclear di-organotin(IV) carboxylates q
Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China b EOR Research Center, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao, Shandong 266555, China a r t i c l e i n f o Article history: Received 5 January 2009 Received to be used as drugs. �? 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. 1. Introduction The interest in organotin
Huang, Jianbin
therapies ..������. 12 Figure 1-5. Catechol and hydroxamate:20 Figure 1-13. [M(catechol) 4 ] 4- (M = Th, Ce, U) complex3,2- and 1,2-HOPO) and catechol-analog (CAM, TAM) chelating
Predictability of Precipitation from Continental Radar Images. Part IV: Limits to Prediction
Predictability of precipitation is examined from storm to synoptic scales through an experimental approach using continent-scale radar composite images. The lifetime of radar reflectivity patterns in Eulerian and Lagrangian coordinates is taken ...
Urs Germann; Isztar Zawadzki; Barry Turner
Review and analysis of oil shale technologies. Volume IV. Aboveground or surface technology
A technical description and evaluation of retorting methods and scale-up scenarios of four representative methods are presented. The methods described and evaluated include the processes developed by the Bureau of Mines (BOM), the Union Oil Company ''B,'' Petrosix, Paraho, TOSCO II, and the Superior Oil Company. For a future economic analysis, scale-up (ranging from 55,000- to 58,000-bbl/day production rate) scenarios are presented for BOM's Gas Combustion retort (GCR), Union ''B,'' Paraho, and TOSCO II retorting processes. In general, the six aboveground processes selected are in an advanced stage of development as compared with in situ processes and several of them are ready for commercial-scale demonstration. There are, however, a few areas that still need further research and development before demonstration can be undertaken. Specific areas of research cannot be defined at this time because process information needed to identify these areas is mostly proprietary. The technical evaluation reveals that the aboveground retorting processes are viable with high scale oil recovery yields. The processes, however, have been tested only at the pilot or semiworks scale and need to be demonstrated on full-scale modules. The scale-up scenarios of the representative processes reveal that the logistics of the mining-to-processing operation will be a major problem at high production rates. For example, a nominal crude shale oil production rate of about 50,000 bbl/day will require mining at a rate exceeding present large-scale mining rates. The TOSCO II retorting process is the most energy intensive among Paraho, Union ''B,'' and BOM's GCR because of its complexity, which annuls the benefit of less mining. The TOSCO II process, however, is still an attractive process, providing the technique is used with another technique to enhance resource utilization.
Jee, C.K.; White, J.D.; Bhatia, S.K.; Nicholson, D.
,370 undergraduates and 5,510 graduate students. U.S. News and World Report rated UC San Diego 8th among public Historical information provided by UC San Diego Office of Institutional Research. 22 #12;CBRE CONSULTING, INC Biological Sciences 0 0 25 37 62 Chemistry and Chemical Engineering 105 1 73 31 210 Electrical Engineering
Wang, Deli
Biomass Conversion Task IV 1986-1988 Program of Work. International Energy Agency Bioenergy Agreement
Biomass is a major, renewable energy resource throughout much of the world, and extensive research is being conducted on bioenergy technologies. In an effort to improve communications and cooperation in the area of biomass energy, several countries have agreed to a cooperative program of work under the International Energy Agency's Bioenergy Agreement (IEA/BA). Three areas of major importance have been identified including Short Rotation Forestry, Conventional Forestry, and Biomass Conversion. This document describes a Program of Work for cooperative activities in the area of Biomass Conversion. The background of the cooperation and general descriptions of specific conversion projects are presented. Details of activity funding are also provided. Finally, individual Activity Plans for specific cooperative activities are attached for reference. These plans describe projected work for the period 1986 to 1988.
Stevens, D.J.
Theoretical Atomic Physics code development IV: LINES, A code for computing atomic line spectra
A new computer program, LINES, has been developed for simulating atomic line emission and absorption spectra using the accurate fine structure energy levels and transition strengths calculated by the (CATS) Cowan Atomic Structure code. Population distributions for the ion stages are obtained in LINES by using the Local Thermodynamic Equilibrium (LTE) model. LINES is also useful for displaying the pertinent atomic data generated by CATS. This report describes the use of LINES. Both CATS and LINES are part of the Theoretical Atomic PhysicS (TAPS) code development effort at Los Alamos. 11 refs., 9 figs., 1 tab.
Abdallah, J. Jr.; Clark, R.E.H.
Who's Who IV in the Interagency Energy/Environment R and D Program
This publication documents major organizational aspects/functions of the Interagency Energy/Environment Program and associated points of contact.
Holte, H.O.
Those early days as we remember them (part IV) - Met Lab and...
most interesting situation of all developed just after the two bombs were dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki and the war ended. At that time, of course, we were permitted to talk...
The Path of Carbon in Photosynthesis IV. The Identity and Sequencefo the Intermediates in Sucrose Synthesis
The synthesis of sucrose from C{sup 14}0{sub 22} by green algae has been investigated and the intermediates separated by the method of paper chromatography. It is shown that sucrose is the first free sugar appearing during photosynthesis. It is apparently formed by condensation of the glucose-I-phosphate and a fructose phosphate. A series of radioautographs of paper chromatograms of extracts from plants which have photosynthesized for different periods of time has been prepared. The results indicate that 2-phosphoglyceric acid is the first product synthesized from C0{sub 2} during photosynthesis.
How does Casimir energy fall? IV. Gravitational interaction of regularized quantum vacuum energy
Several years ago we demonstrated that the Casimir energy for perfectly reflecting and imperfectly reflecting parallel plates gravitated normally, that is, obeyed the equivalence principle. At that time the divergences in the theory were treated only formally, without proper regularization, and the coupling to gravity was limited to the canonical energy-momentum-stress tensor. Here we strengthen the result by removing both of those limitations. We consider, as a toy model, massless scalar fields interacting with semitransparent ($\\delta$-function) potentials defining parallel plates, which become Dirichlet plates for strong coupling. We insert space and time point-split regulation parameters, and obtain well-defined contributions to the self- energy of each plate, and the interaction energy between the plates. (This self-energy does not vanish even in the conformally-coupled, strong-coupled limit.) We also compute the local energy density, which requires regularization near the plates. In general, the energy ...
Milton, K A; Fulling, S A; Parashar, Prachi
Bottom-up superconducting and Josephson junction devices inside a Group-IV semiconductor
We propose superconducting devices made from precision hole-doped regions within a silicon (or germanium) single crystal. We analyze the properties of this superconducting semiconductor and show that practical superconducting wires, Josephson tunnel junctions or weak links, SQUIDs, and qubits are realizable. This work motivates the pursuit of bottom-up superconductivity for improved or fundamentally different technology and physics.
Yun-Pil Shim; Charles Tahan
Block IV solar cell module design and test specification for residential applications
This specification provides near-term design, qualification and acceptance requirements for terrestrial solar cell modules suitable for incorporation in photovoltaic power sources (2 kW to 10 kW) applied to single family residential installations. Requirement levels and recommended design limits for selected performance criteria have been specified for modules intended principally for rooftop installations. Modules satisfying the requirements of this specification fall into one of two categories, residential panel or residential shingle, both meeting general performance requirements plus additional category peculiar constraints.
A review on the status of radioisotope applications in the textile industry is presented. The use of energy-rich radiation for the initiation of block- and graft polymerization of macromolecules used in the manufacture of synthetic fibers is discussed. For determining the colorfastness of fabrics, their behavior toward fatty acids can be measured by using soaps or detergents labeled with I/sup 131/. In manufacturing viscose fibers, the complete removal of S can be determined by using S/sup 35/-labeled xanthogenate. The viscosity can be measured by determining the sink velocity of a radioactively labeled small Pb ball. In spinning, numerous applications are possible by using suitably labeled radioactive fibers in the spinning process. In weaving, radioisotopes allow the control of the physical and mechanical qualities of the fabrics. In laundry and dry-cleaning research, radioisotopes are used for determining the soil removal from different fabrics by various cleaning agents. Pn/sup 210/ is used in textile plants for removing static electricity accumulating in textile machinery during operation. (OID)
Heger, A.
Hydrogen, Fuel Cells, and Infrastructure Technologies FY 2002 Progress Report IV.E Air Management Subsystems
and 2 consists of a compressor impeller, an expander/turbine wheel, and a motor magnet rotor and by improving upon previous project results. · Reduce turbocompressor/motor controller costs while increasing design flexibility. · Develop and integrate the turbocompressor/motor controller into a fuel cell system
Atomic data for controlled fusion research. Volume IV. Spectroscopic data for iron
Comprehensive spectroscopic data tables are presented for all ions of Fe. Tables of ionization potentials, wave lengths of spectral lines, atomic energy levels, and transition probabilities are given which were excerpted from general critical compilations. All utilized compilations are less than five years old and include data on electric dipole as well as magnetic dipole transitions.
Wiese, W.L. (ed.)
Winter Weather Forecasting throughout the Eastern United States. Part IV: Lake Effect Snow
This article is the final installment of a four-part series that examines the challenge of forecasting winter weather throughout the eastern United States. This paper examines the problems and challenges of forecasting lake effect snows. The ...
Thomas A. Niziol; Warren R. Snyder; Jeff S. Waldstreicher
The Operation of the BNL/ATF GUN-IV Photocathode RF Gun at the...
At the Advanced Photon Source (APS) at Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), a free-electron laser (FEL) based on the self-amplified spontaneous emission (SASE) process is...
High-temperature gas-cooled reactors: preliminary safety and environmental information document. Volume IV
Information is presented concerning medium-enriched uranium/thorium once-through fuel cycle; medium-enrichment uranium-233/thorium recycle fuel; high-enrichment uranium-235/thorium recycle (spiked) fuel cycle; high-enrichment uranium-233/thorium recycle (spiked) fuel cycle; and gas-turbine high-temperature gas-cooled reactor.
Optical Materials Activated With Nanoparticles of Ce(IV):Ln Oxygen ...
Ion Exchanged Mixed Glass Cullet Proppants for Stimulation of Oil and Natural Gas Bearing Shales � Modeling the Electrical Conductivity in Glass Melts.
Transit Timing Observations from Kepler: IV. Confirmation of 4 Multiple Planet Systems by Simple Physical Models
Eighty planetary systems of two or more planets are known to orbit stars other than the Sun. For most, the data can be sufficiently explained by non-interacting Keplerian orbits, so the dynamical interactions of these systems have not been observed. Here we present 4 sets of lightcurves from the Kepler spacecraft, which each show multiple planets transiting the same star. Departure of the timing of these transits from strict periodicity indicates the planets are perturbing each other: the observed timing variations match the forcing frequency of the other planet. This confirms that these objects are in the same system. Next we limit their masses to the planetary regime by requiring the system remain stable for astronomical timescales. Finally, we report dynamical fits to the transit times, yielding possible values for the planets masses and eccentricities. As the timespan of timing data increases, dynamical fits may allow detailed constraints on the systems architectures, even in cases for which high-precision Doppler follow-up is impractical.
Fabrycky, Daniel C.; /UC, Santa Cruz; Ford, Eric B.; /Florida U.; Steffen, Jason H.; /Fermilab; Rowe, Jason F.; /SETI Inst., Mtn. View /NASA, Ames; Carter, Joshua A.; /Harvard-Smithsonian Ctr. Astrophys.; Moorhead, Althea V.; /Florida U.; Batalha, Natalie M.; /San Jose State U.; Borucki, William J.; /NASA, Ames; Bryson, Steve; /NASA, Ames; Buchhave, Lars A.; /Bohr Inst. /Copenhagen U.; Christiansen, Jessie L.; /SETI Inst., Mtn. View /NASA, Ames /Caltech
DelusionalDisorderJealousType:HowInclusiveArethe DSM-IV Diagnostic Criteria?
University of Texas at Austin m Todd K. Shackelford, and Lucas D. Schipper Florida Atlantic University
Pillow, Jonathan
DENSITY AND MAGNETIC FIELD MEASUREMENTS IN THE TORMAC IV-c PLASMA
fraction of capacitor bank energy which makes it into fieldvoltage Bank capacitance Bank energy Ringing f 1/4 periodis most of the energy of the cusp bank, or many times the
Coonrod Jr., John Walter
The Green Bank Telescope H II Region Discovery Survey (GBT HRDS) found hundreds of previously unknown Galactic regions of massive star formation by detecting hydrogen radio recombination line (RRL) emission from candidate H II region targets. Since the HRDS nebulae lie at large distances from the Sun, they are located in previously unprobed zones of the Galactic disk. Here, we derive the properties of helium and carbon RRL emission from HRDS nebulae. Our target sample is the subset of the HRDS that has visible helium or carbon RRLs. This criterion gives a total of 84 velocity components (14% of the HRDS) with helium emission and 52 (9%) with carbon emission. For our highest quality sources, the average {sup 4}He{sup +}/H{sup +} abundance ratio by number, (y {sup +}), is 0.068 {+-} 0.023(1{sigma}). This is the same ratio as that measured for the sample of previously known Galactic H II regions. Nebulae without detected helium emission give robust y {sup +} upper limits. There are 5 RRL emission components with y {sup +} less than 0.04 and another 12 with upper limits below this value. These H II regions must have either a very low {sup 4}He abundance or contain a significant amount of neutral helium. The HRDS has 20 nebulae with carbon RRL emission but no helium emission at its sensitivity level. There is no correlation between the carbon RRL parameters and the 8 {mu}m mid-infrared morphology of these nebulae.
Wenger, Trey V.; Bania, T. M. [Astronomy Department, 725 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215 (United States)] [Astronomy Department, 725 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215 (United States); Balser, Dana S. [National Radio Astronomy Observatory, 520 Edgemont Road, Charlottesville, VA, 22903-2475 (United States)] [National Radio Astronomy Observatory, 520 Edgemont Road, Charlottesville, VA, 22903-2475 (United States); Anderson, L. D. [Department of Physics, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506 (United States)] [Department of Physics, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506 (United States)
Alfven Wave Collisions, The Fundamental Building Block of Plasma Turbulence IV: Laboratory Experiment
Turbulence is a phenomenon found throughout space and astrophysical plasmas. It plays an important role in solar coronal heating, acceleration of the solar wind, and heating of the interstellar medium. Turbulence in these regimes is dominated by Alfven waves. Most turbulence theories have been established using ideal plasma models, such as incompressible MHD. However, there has been no experimental evidence to support the use of such models for weakly to moderately collisional plasmas which are relevant to various space and astrophysical plasma environments. We present the first experiment to measure the nonlinear interaction between two counterpropagating Alfven waves, which is the building block for astrophysical turbulence theories. We present here four distinct tests that demonstrate conclusively that we have indeed measured the daughter Alfven wave generated nonlinearly by a collision between counterpropagating Alfven waves.
Drake, D J; Howes, G G; Kletzing, C A; Skiff, F; Carter, T A; Auerbach, D W
Kinetics of Chromium(III) Oxidation by Manganese(IV) Oxides Using
. This represents the first study to determine the chemical kinetics of Cr(III) oxidation on Mn-oxides. The results focusing on the "chemical" kinetics of Cr(III) oxidation on manganese oxides, i.e., the initial rates of Obtaining and Analyzing Kinetic Data. In Rates of Soil Chemical Processes, Sparks, D. L., Suarez, D. L., Eds
Sparks, Donald L.
Black liquor combustion validated recovery boiler modeling: Final year report. Volume 4 (Appendix IV)
This project was initiated in October 1990, with the objective of developing and validating a new computer model of a recovery boiler furnace using a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) code specifically tailored to the requirements for solving recovery boiler flows, and using improved submodels for black liquor combustion based on continued laboratory fundamental studies. The key tasks to be accomplished were as follows: (1) Complete the development of enhanced furnace models that have the capability to accurately predict carryover, emissions behavior, dust concentrations, gas temperatures, and wall heat fluxes. (2) Validate the enhanced furnace models, so that users can have confidence in the predicted results. (3) Obtain fundamental information on aerosol formation, deposition, and hardening so as to develop the knowledge base needed to relate furnace model outputs to plugging and fouling in the convective sections of the boiler. (4) Facilitate the transfer of codes, black liquid submodels, and fundamental knowledge to the US kraft pulp industry. Volume 4 contains the following appendix sections: Radiative heat transfer properties for black liquor combustion -- Facilities and techniques and Spectral absorbance and emittance data; and Radiate heat transfer determination of the optical constants of ash samples from kraft recovery boilers -- Calculation procedure; Computation program; Density determination; Particle diameter determination; Optical constant data; and Uncertainty analysis.
Grace, T.M.; Frederick, W.J.; Salcudean, M.; Wessel, R.A.
Cancer incidence in atomic bomb survivors. Part IV: Comparison of cancer incidence and mortality
This report compares cancer incidence and mortality among atomic bomb survivors in the Radiation Effects Research Foundation Life Span Study (LSS) cohort. Because the incidence data are derived from the Hiroshima and Nagasaki tumor registries, case ascertainment is limited to the time (1958-1987) and geographic restrictions (Hiroshima and Nagasaki) of the registries, whereas mortality data are available from 1950-1987 anywhere in Japan. With these conditions, there were 9,014 first primary incident cancer cases identified among LSS cohort members compared with 7,308 deaths for which cancer was listed as the underlying cause of death on death certificates. When deaths were limited to those occurring between 1958-1987 in Hiroshima or Nagasaki, there were 3,155 more incident cancer cases overall, and 1,262 more cancers of the digestive system. For cancers of the oral cavity and pharynx, skin, breast, female and male genital organs, urinary system and thyroid, the incidence series was at least twice as large as the comparable mortality series. Although the incidence and mortality data are dissimilar in many ways, the overall conclusions regarding which solid cancers provide evidence of a significant dose response generally confirm the mortality findings. When either incidence or mortality data are evaluated, significant excess risks are observed for all solid cancers, stomach, colon, liver (when it is defined as primary liver cancer or liver cancer not otherwise specified on the death certificate), lung, breast, ovary and urinary bladder. No significant radiation effect is seen for cancers of the pharynx, rectum, gallbladder, pancreas, nose, larynx, uterus, prostate or kidney in either series. There is evidence of a significant excess of nonmelanoma skin cancer in the incidence data, but not in the mortality series. 19 refs., 2 figs., 10 tabs.
Ron, E. (Radiation Effects Research Foundation, Hiroshima (Japan) National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD (United States)); Preston, D.L.; Mabuchi, Kiyohiko (Radiation Effects Research Foundation, Hiroshima (Japan)); Thompson, D.E. (Radiation Effects Research Foundation, Hiroshima (Japan) George Washington Univ., Rockville, MD (United States) Radiation Effects Research Foundation, Nagasaki (Japan)); Soda, Midori (Radiation Effects Research Foundation, Nagasaki (Japan))
EnErgy IncEntIvEs: The Power behind The Power
of the transformational power of electricity led to government involvement in powerful public-private partnerships
Vertes, Akos
current waveforms 2.26 Ouput of subtraction circuit (flux exclusion) 2.27 Small probes 2.29 Vacuum magnetic field
�Structural Transformations in Ceramics: Perovskite-like Oxides and Group III, IV, and V Nitrides�
1 Overview of Results and their Significance Ceramic perovskite-like oxides with the general formula (A. A0. ...)(B. B0. ...)O3and titanium-based oxides are of great technological interest because of their large piezoelectric and dielectric response characteristics.[1] In doped and nanoengineered forms, titantium dioxide finds increasing application as an organic and hydrolytic photocatalyst. The binary main-group-metal nitride compounds have undergone recent advancements of in-situ heating technology in diamond anvil cells leading to a burst of experimental and theoretical interest. In our DOE proposal, we discussed our unique theoretical approach which applies ab initio electronic calculations in conjunction with systematic group-theoretical analysis of lattice distortions to study two representative phase transitions in ceramic materials: (1) displacive phase transitions in primarily titanium-based perovskite-like oxide ceramics, and (2) reconstructive phase transitions in main-group nitride ceramics. A sub area which we have explored in depth is doped titanium dioxide electrical/optical properties.
James P. Lewis (PI, former Co-PI), Dorian M. Hatch (Co-PI, former PI), and Harold T. Stokes (Co-PI)
We use Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) photometry of 73 million stars to simultaneously constrain best-fit main-sequence stellar spectral energy distribution (SED) and amount of dust extinction along the line of sight toward each star. Using a subsample of 23 million stars with Two Micron All Sky Survey (2MASS) photometry, whose addition enables more robust results, we show that SDSS photometry alone is sufficient to break degeneracies between intrinsic stellar color and dust amount when the shape of extinction curve is fixed. When using both SDSS and 2MASS photometry, the ratio of the total to selective absorption, R{sub V} , can be determined with an uncertainty of about 0.1 for most stars in high-extinction regions. These fits enable detailed studies of the dust properties and its spatial distribution, and of the stellar spatial distribution at low Galactic latitudes (|b| < 30 Degree-Sign ). Our results are in good agreement with the extinction normalization given by the Schlegel et al. (SFD) dust maps at high northern Galactic latitudes, but indicate that the SFD extinction map appears to be consistently overestimated by about 20% in the southern sky, in agreement with recent study by Schlafly et al. The constraints on the shape of the dust extinction curve across the SDSS and 2MASS bandpasses disfavor the reddening law of O'Donnell, but support the models by Fitzpatrick and Cardelli et al. For the latter, we find a ratio of the total to selective absorption to be R{sub V} = 3.0 {+-} 0.1(random){+-}0.1 (systematic) over most of the high-latitude sky. At low Galactic latitudes (|b| < 5 Degree-Sign ), we demonstrate that the SFD map cannot be reliably used to correct for extinction because most stars are embedded in dust, rather than behind it, as is the case at high Galactic latitudes. We analyze three-dimensional maps of the best-fit R{sub V} and find that R{sub V} = 3.1 cannot be ruled out in any of the 10 SEGUE stripes at a precision level of {approx}0.1-0.2. Our best estimate for the intrinsic scatter of R{sub V} in the regions probed by SEGUE stripes is {approx}0.2. We introduce a method for efficient selection of candidate red giant stars in the disk, dubbed 'dusty parallax relation', which utilizes a correlation between distance and the extinction along the line of sight. We make these best-fit parameters, as well as all the input SDSS and 2MASS data, publicly available in a user-friendly format. These data can be used for studies of stellar number density distribution, the distribution of dust properties, for selecting sources whose SED differs from SEDs for high-latitude main-sequence stars, and for estimating distances to dust clouds and, in turn, to molecular gas clouds.
Berry, Michael; Ivezic, Zeljko; Brooks, Keira J.; Gibson, Robert R.; Jones, Lynne; Yoachim, Peter; Krughoff, Simon; Connolly, Andrew J.; Loebman, Sarah [Department of Astronomy, University of Washington, Box 351580, Seattle, WA 98195 (United States); Sesar, Branimir [Division of Physics, Mathematics and Astronomy, Caltech, Pasadena, CA 91125 (United States); Juric, Mario [Harvard College Observatory, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138 (United States); Schlafly, Edward F.; Finkbeiner, Douglas [Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138 (United States); Bellovary, Jillian [Department of Astronomy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI (United States); Vrbanec, Dijana [Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb (Croatia); Beers, Timothy C. [National Optical Astronomy Observatories, Tucson, AZ 85719 (United States); Schneider, Donald P. [Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802 (United States); Kimball, Amy [National Radio Astronomy Observatory, 520 Edgemont Road, Charlottesville, VA 22903-2475 (United States); Bond, Nicholas A. [Physics and Astronomy Department, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854-8019 (United States); Schlegel, David [Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Road, MS 50R5032, Berkeley, CA 94720 (United States); and others
High-power I-V curve tracer employing a capacitive load
A portable, photovoltaic voltage versus current curve tracer is discussed. The curve tracer employs a capacitive load to provide automatic sweeping of the array voltage. The unit is capable of measuring arrays up to 10 kW, but is similar and lighter than a conventional 2.5-kW dissipative load.
Warner, T.H.; Cox, C.H. III
SMUDPV2 quarterly performance report IV for the period January through March 1987
SMUDPV2 is a nominal 1 MW/sub AC/ photovoltaic (PV) power plant located adjacent to the Rancho Seco generating station, 30 miles southeast of Sacramento, California. The design and construction of PV2 was a joint effort between the Sacramento Municipal Utility District (SMUD) and the United States Department of Energy (DOE). It is the second phase of a multiphase PV power plant project with a planned generating capacity of 100 MW/sub AC/. SMUD's primary objective in this project is to install a PV power plant that will add economical energy generation capacity to their system. To this end, the data generated by the operation of PV2 will be used by SMUD to verify the value of PV to the rate payers of Sacramento, to assess the specific performance of the PV2 design, and to facilitate planning, design, and construction of future phases.
Collier, D.E.
Flow in geothermal wells. Part IV. Transition criteria for two-phase flow patterns
Detailed considerations justifying the criteria for transitions between flow patterns are presented. The following are covered: transition from bubble to plug (or slug) flow, transition from plug flow to froth flow, transition from froth to annular mist flow, and model comparisons. (MHR)
Bilicki, Z.; Kestin, J.
Block IV solar cell module design and test specification for Intermediate Load Center applications
Requirements are established for performance of terrestial solar cell modules intended for use in various test applications typically characterized as Intermediate Load Centers. During the 1979 to 1980 time period, such applications are expected to be in the 20 kilowatt to 500 kilowatt size range. In addition to module design and performance requirements, a series of characterization and qualification tests necessary to certify the module design for production, and the necessary performance tests for acceptance of modules are also specified.
Informe de ActIvIdAdes y Resultados del subsistema
exploration drillings financed by the Mexican oil company PEMEX. In 1981, Glen Penfield used the PEMEX data
Islas, León
Department of Energy Voluntary Protection Program - Part IV: Onsite review handbook
Onsite Review Handbook contains criteria to be used in evaluating the management systems required for initial or continued participation in the Department of Energy Voluntary Protection Program (DOE-VPP), verifying and calculating rates of injury experience, the Onsite Review report format, and sample questions to be used during onsite interviews. This document should be used in conjunction with the first three DOE-VPP manuals (Part I: Program Elements, Part II: Procedures Manual, and Part III: Application Guidelines). This document is intended to assist Onsite Review team members and DOE contractors in evaluating safety and health programs, and to serve as guidance for DOE-VPP participants in performing their required annual evaluation. Requests for additional information or any questions may be addressed to a DOE-VPP Coordinator in the Office of Occupational Safety and Health Policy. The term contractor used throughout this document refers to an applicant to, or a participant in, the DOE-VPP. The term subcontractor refers to any organization that is contracted by the applicant or participant to do work at the site under review. The DOE-VPP Onsite Review Criteria contained in Appendix A provide guidance for evaluating a site`s implementation of the program requirements given in Part I: Program Elements. The program requirements are in bold italicized type, followed by guidance for ensuring implementation. Part I should be consulted for a complete description of the program requirements. These criteria should be used by team members whenever possible, but are not intended to be all inclusive. Determination of adequate implementation of the DOE-VPP requirements is at the team members` discretion. Guidance for calculating recordable injury and lost workday incidence rates is contained in Appendix B. The OSHA injury/illness records review and the associated calculations should be performed by Onsite Review Team members during the pre-onsite planning visit.
Optimized, Competitive Supercritical-CO2 Cycle GFR for Gen IV Service
An overall plant design was developed for a gas-cooled fast reactor employing a direct supercritical Brayton power conversion system. The most important findings were that (1) the concept could be capital-cost competitive, but startup fuel cycle costs are penalized by the low core power density, specified in large part to satisfy the goal of significatn post-accident passive natural convection cooling; (2) active decay heat removal is preferable as the first line of defense, with passive performance in a backup role; (3) an innovative tube-in-duct fuel assembly, vented to the primpary coolant, appears to be practicable; and (4) use of the S-Co2 GFR to support hydrogen production is a synergistic application, since sufficient energy can be recuperated from the product H2 and 02 to allow the electrolysis cell to run 250 C hotter than the reactor coolant, and the water boilers can be used for reactor decay heat removal. Increasing core poer density is identified as the top priority for future work on GFRs of this type.
M.J. Driscoll; P. Hejzlar; G. Apostolakis
We have constructed a sample of 29 close projected quasar pairs where the background quasar spectrum reveals absorption from optically thick H I gas associated with the foreground quasar. These unique sightlines allow us to study the quasar circumgalactic medium (CGM) in absorption and emission simultaneously, because the background quasar pinpoints large concentrations of gas where Ly{alpha} emission, resulting from quasar-powered fluorescence, resonant Ly{alpha} scattering, and/or cooling radiation, is expected. A sensitive search (1{sigma} surface-brightness limits of SB{sub Ly{alpha}}{approx_equal}3 Multiplication-Sign 10{sup -18} erg s{sup -1} cm{sup -2} arcsec{sup -2}) for diffuse Ly{alpha} emission in the environments of the foreground (predominantly radio-quiet) quasars is conducted using Gemini/GMOS and Keck/LRIS slit spectroscopy. We fail to detect large-scale {approx}100 kpc Ly{alpha} emission, either at the location of the optically thick absorbers or in the foreground quasar halos, in all cases except a single system. We interpret these non-detections as evidence that the gas detected in absorption is shadowed from the quasar UV radiation due to obscuration effects, which are frequently invoked in unified models of active galactic nuclei. Small-scale R {approx} 50 A) Ly{alpha}-emitter with luminosity L{sub Ly{alpha}} = 2.1 {+-} 0.32 Multiplication-Sign 10{sup 41} erg s{sup -1} at small impact parameter R = 134 kpc from one foreground quasar, and argue that it is more likely to result from quasar-powered fluorescence, than simply be a star-forming galaxy clustered around the quasar. Our observations imply that much deeper integrations with upcoming integral-field spectrometers such as MUSE and KCWI will be able to routinely detect a diffuse Ly{alpha} glow around bright quasars on scales R {approx} 100 kpc and thus directly image the CGM.
Hennawi, Joseph F.; Prochaska, J. Xavier, E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com [Max-Planck-Institut fuer Astronomie, Koenigstuhl 17, D-69117 Heidelberg (Germany)
ONIZATION E£5S;ZI_ TIME (USEC) TOTAL IONIZATION VS TIME.cm. «BL 789-10870 D=4 C /USEC M e.avi i n e cm. D=1.6 CM /VS T I M E . PEAKS AT 33 USEC. B LINE THE CUSP RISE BEGINS
Student paper Effects of Gate Recess Depth on Pulsed I-V Characteristics
. An elkclive trap time constant of 10 usec is extracted for these devices. AIGaN/GaN HFETs have been under
Asbeck, Peter M.
The Sloan Digital Sky Survey Quasar Catalog IV. Fifth Data Release
We present the fourth edition of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) Quasar Catalog. The catalog contains 77,429 objects; this is an increase of over 30,000 entries since the previous edition. The catalog consists of the objects in the SDSS Fifth Data Release that have luminosities larger than M_i = -22.0 (in a cosmology with H_0 = 70 km/s/Mpc, Omega_M = 0.3, and Omega_Lambda = 0.7) have at least one emission line with FWHM larger than 1000 km/s, or have interesting/complex absorption features, are fainter than i=15.0, and have highly reliable redshifts. The area covered by the catalog is 5740 sq. deg. The quasar redshifts range from 0.08 to 5.41, with a median value of 1.48; the catalog includes 891 quasars at redshifts greater than four, of which 36 are at redshifts greater than five. Approximately half of the catalog quasars have i < 19; nearly all have i < 21. For each object the catalog presents positions accurate to better than 0.2 arcsec. rms per coordinate, five-band (ugriz) CCD-based photometry...
Schneider, Donald P; Richards, Gordon T; Strauss, Michael A; Berk, Daniel E Vanden; Anderson, Scott F; Brandt, W N; Fan, Xiaohui; Jester, Sebastian; Gray, Jim; Gunn, James E; SubbaRao, Mark U; Thakar, Anirudda R; Stoughton, Chris; Szalay, Alexander S; Yanny, Brian; York, Donald G; Bahcall, Neta A; Barentine, J; Blanton, Michael R; Brewington, Howard; Brinkmann, J; Brunner, Robert J; Castander, Francisco J; Csabai, Istvan; Frieman, Joshua A; Fukugita, Masataka; Harvanek, Michael; Hogg, David W; Ivezic, Zeljko; Kent, Stephen M; Kleinman, S J; Knapp, G R; Kron, Richard G; Krzesinski, Jurek; Long, Daniel C; Lupton, Robert H; Nitta, Atsuko; Pier, Jeffrey R; Saxe, David H; Shen, Yue; Snedden, Stephanie A; Weinberg, David H; Wu, Jian
We present the fourth edition of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) Quasar Catalog. The catalog contains 77,429 objects; this is an increase of over 30,000 entries since the previous edition. The catalog consists of the objects in the SDSS Fifth Data Release that have luminosities larger than M_i = -22.0 (in a cosmology with H_0 = 70 km/s/Mpc, Omega_M = 0.3, and Omega_Lambda = 0.7) have at least one emission line with FWHM larger than 1000 km/s, or have interesting/complex absorption features, are fainter than i=15.0, and have highly reliable redshifts. The area covered by the catalog is 5740 sq. deg. The quasar redshifts range from 0.08 to 5.41, with a median value of 1.48; the catalog includes 891 quasars at redshifts greater than four, of which 36 are at redshifts greater than five. Approximately half of the catalog quasars have i < 19; nearly all have i < 21. For each object the catalog presents positions accurate to better than 0.2 arcsec. rms per coordinate, five-band (ugriz) CCD-based photometry with typical accuracy of 0.03 mag, and information on the morphology and selection method. The catalog also contains basic radio, near-infrared, and X-ray emission properties of the quasars, when available, from other large-area surveys. The calibrated digital spectra cover the wavelength region 3800--9200A at a spectral resolution of ~2000. The spectra can be retrieved from the public database using the information provided in the catalog. The average SDSS colors of quasars as a function of redshift, derived from the catalog entries, are presented in tabular form. Approximately 96% of the objects in the catalog were discovered by the SDSS.
Donald P. Schneider; Patrick B. Hall; Gordon T. Richards; Michael A. Strauss; Daniel E. Vanden Berk; Scott F. Anderson; W. N. Brandt; Xiaohui Fan; Sebastian Jester; Jim Gray; James E. Gunn; Mark U. SubbaRao; Anirudda R. Thakar; Chris Stoughton; Alexander S. Szalay; Brian Yanny; Donald G. York; Neta A. Bahcall; J. Barentine; Michael R. Blanton; Howard Brewington; J. Brinkmann; Robert J. Brunner; Francisco J. Castander; Istvan Csabai; Joshua A. Frieman; Masataka Fukugita; Michael Harvanek; David W. Hogg; Zeljko Ivezic; Stephen M. Kent; S. J. Kleinman; G. R. Knapp; Richard G. Kron; Jurek Krzesinski; Daniel C. Long; Robert H. Lupton; Atsuko Nitta; Jeffrey R. Pier; David H. Saxe; Yue Shen; Stephanie A. Snedden; David H. Weinberg; Jian Wu
On the Construction of Zero Energy States in Supersymmetric Matrix Models IV
Simple recursion relations for zero energy states of supersymmetric matrix models are derived by using an unconventional reducible representation for the fermionic degrees of freedom.
Hoppe, Jens
Jens Hoppe; Douglas Lundholm
The Arecibo Galaxy Environments survey IV: the NGC7448 region and the HI mass function
In this paper we describe results from the Arecibo Galaxy Environments Survey (AGES). The survey reaches column densities of ~3x10^18 cm^-2 and masses of ~10^7 M_O, over individual regions of order 10 sq deg in size, out to a maximum velocity of 18,000 km s^-1. Each surveyed region is centred on a nearby galaxy, group or cluster, in this instance the NGC7448 group. Galaxy interactions in the NGC7448 group reveal themselves through the identification of tidal tails and bridges. We find ~2.5 times more atomic gas in the inter-galactic medium than in the group galaxies. We identify five new dwarf galaxies, two of which appear to be members of the NGC7448 group. This is too few, by roughly an order of magnitude, dwarf galaxies to reconcile observation with theoretical predictions of galaxy formation models. If they had observed this region of sky previous wide area blind HI surveys, HIPASS and ALFALFA, would have detected only 5% and 43% respectively of the galaxies we detect, missing a large fraction of the atom...
Davies, J I; Burns, L; Minchin, R; Momjian, E; Schneider, S; Smith, M; Taylor, R; van Driel, W
Fission theory of binary stars. IV. Exact solutions in Polynomial spaces
The bifurcation of compressible, nonellipsoidal figures from families of Riemann ellipsoids is governed by a certain linear equation, whose solutions are investigated. They are found to be given by polynomials in the Cartesian coordinates; in particular, the basic linear operator L acts invariantly on certain polynomial spaces V/sub ,/ and solutions may be sought in V/sub N/. Since V/sub N/ is finite-dimensional, the underlying system of intergro-differential equations is reduced to a finite problem exactly, without the need of any spatial discretization for numerical purposes.
Lebovitz, N.R.
Level Waste and Spent Nuclear Fuel; The Continuing SocietalLevel Waste and Spent Nuclear Fuel; The Continuing Societalused in PUREX-based nuclear fuel separations ������ 6
Generation IV Nuclear Energy Systems Construction Cost Reductions Through the Use of Virtual Environments
The objective of this multi-phase project is to demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of using full-scale virtual reality simulation in the design, construction, and maintenance of future nuclear power plants. The project will test the suitability of immersive virtual reality technology to aid engineers in the design of the next generation nuclear power plant and to evaluate potential cost reductions that can be realized by optimization of installation and construction sequences. The intent is to see if this type of information technology can be used in capacities similar to those currently filled by full-scale physical mockups. This report presents the results of the completed project.
Timothy Shaw; Vaugh Whisker
NMR and Transport Studies on Group IV Clathrates and Related Intermetallic Materials
Increasing efforts have been put into research about thermoelectric materials for the last few decades, especially recently, faced with the crucial demand for new energy and energy savings. Among the potential candidates for new generation thermoelectric materials are the intermetallic clathrates. Clathrates are cage-structured materials with guest atoms enclosed. Previous studies have shown lower thermal conductivities compared with many other bulk compounds, and it is believed that guest atom vibration modes are the reason for such thermal behaviors. Several models, including the Einstein oscillator and soft potential models, have been used to explain the guest motion. However the characterization of the anharmonic oscillating motion can be a challenge. In this work, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR), heat capacity and transport measurements have been used to study several clathrate systems, especially the well- known type-I Ba8Ga16Sn30, which has been reported to have one of the lowest thermal conductivities for bulk compounds. In this material the strong anharmonic rattling behavior was investigated and analyzed according to a double well potential model, yielding good agreement with the experimental results. Furthermore, the resistivity and heat capacity results were studied and analyzed according to the influence of the anharmonic contribution. This offered a way to connect the NMR, transport and heat capacity properties, providing an advantageous way to study strongly anharmonic systems. In further work, several related intermetallic materials were examined for their structure, motion and NMR properties. Dynamical and electrical behaviors were investigated by studying the magnetic and quadrupole NMR spin-lattice relaxation. Type-VIII Ba8Ga16Sn30 exhibits an enhanced dynamics-related term at low temperature, but no rattling response as observed for the type-I structure. Type-I Ba8In16Ge30 was compared with the type-I Ba8Ga16Sn30 because their cage structures are similar. No strong anharmonic contribution was found in the NMR T1 behavior of Ba8In16Ge30, however the T2 showed behavior characteristic of atomic motion. In all cases, the magnetic relaxation was used to characterize the electron structures, and n- type Ba8Ga16Ge30 exhibited a spin-lattice relaxation behavior which is characteristic of impurity band structures near the Fermi surface. Also, a series of Ba8CuxGe46-x clathrates were investigated and showed much more insulating like behavior. In related work, the layered BaGa4 and BaGa3Sn have shown interesting NMR spin-spin relaxation behavior that indicates atomic fluctuations. This is similar to the situation found in type-I Ba8In16Ge30. The influence of atomic motion on the NMR and also the atomic structures of these alloys is further discussed in this work.
Zheng, Xiang
Novel II-IV semiconductor nanocrystal gain media : from amplified spontaneous emission to lasing
This thesis details efforts in using cadmium selenide (CdSe) nanocrystallites (NCs) as a novel lasing media. We begin with the synthesis of polymer/NC composites, in which the NCs are stabilized within a long-chain ...
Sundar, Vikram C. (Vikram Chandraseker), 1975-
Long range ordered alloys modified by group IV-B metals
Ductile long range ordered alloys having high critical ordering temperatures exist in the (V,M)(Fe,Ni,Co).sub.3 system having the composition comprising by weight 20.6%-22.6% V, 14-50% Fe, 0-64% Co, and 0-40% Ni, and 0.4-1.4% M, where M is a metal selected from the group consisting of Ti, Zr, Hf, and their mixtures. These modified alloys have an electron density no greater than 8.00 and exhibit marked increases at elevated temperature in ductility and other mechanical properties over previously known ordered alloys.
Liu, Chain T. (Oak Ridge, TN); Inouye, Henry (Oak Ridge, TN); Schaffhauser, Anthony C. (Oak Ridge, TN)
Plutonium (iv) complexes of mixed pyridine n-oxide and phosphinoxide f-element extractants.
Analytical and bulk scale separation and processing of aqueous acidic solution s containing f-element ions are regularly accomplished using liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) methods that employ a neutral organic donor ligand dissolved in an organic phase . 1-5 Several monofunctional ligands have been used as LLE reagents, but all display one or more deficiencies1 'S due to the chemical similarity of the tri valent lanthanides (Ln) to th e trivalent actindes (An) . Since the trivalent 4f and 5f ions have identical charges, chemical separation agents for these two groups need to differentiate among these har d cations based on their size or chemical bonding preferences . This task is not easy since, as a consequence of the lanthanide and actinide contractions, the Ln and An fission products which need to be separated have similar ionic radii . In order to develop new ligands for the separation process, we must have a fundamental understanding of how these separation agents interact with both Ln and An ions on a molecular level.
Matonic, J. H. (John H.); Enriquez, A. E. (Alejandro E.); Scott, B. L. (Brian L.); Paine, R. T. (Robert T.); Neu, M. P. (Mary P.)
JOURNALDE PHYSIQUE IV Colloque C3, suppldmentau Journal de Physique 11, Volume 3, aoiit 1993
phase. However, most studies agree on the fact that only silane, disilane (SiaHs), silylene (SiH2 coefficient equalCunity C~I. For disilane, it is well known that this product constitutes a more reactive
JOURNALDE PHYSIQUE IV Colloque C3, supplkmentau Journal de Physique 11, Volume3, aoiit 1993
and phosphine to disilane molar ratio in order to determine the speciesresponsible for the deposits in order to obtain in situ doped films. For these reasons disilane SizHg is now considered as a promising alternative source of silicon. The pyrolysis of disilane has been studied under various experimental
GFDL's CM2 Global Coupled Climate Models. Part IV: Idealized Climate Response
The climate response to idealized changes in the atmospheric CO2 concentration by the new GFDL climate model (CM2) is documented. This new model is very different from earlier GFDL models in its parameterizations of subgrid-scale physical ...
R. J. Stouffer; A. J. Broccoli; T. L. Delworth; K. W. Dixon; R. Gudgel; I. Held; R. Hemler; T. Knutson; Hyun-Chul Lee; M. D. Schwarzkopf; B. Soden; M. J. Spelman; M. Winton; Fanrong Zeng
Ubungsblatt 7 Ubungen zur Theoretischen Physik IV, Universitat Heidelberg, WS 06/07
large is the relative error? Calculate the pressure on the tank and the internal pressure of the gas to the constitutive equation of the van-der-Waals gas: p V = nRT p + a n V 2 [V - nb] = nRT a) Calculate the internal result for U to calculate the internal pressure = U V T of the van-der-Waals gas and compare
Heermann, Dieter W.
BNL | TCP News | 'The Gathering of the Slides IV' Concert at ...
2006-412 | Media & Communications Office. ... , biomedical, and environmental sciences, as well as in energy technologies and national security.
Worker health and safety in solar thermal power systems. IV. Routine failure hazards
Routine failure events in selected solar thermal power system designs are examined, and their rates of occurrence estimated. The results are used to compare and rank the systems considered. Modules of 1 to 100 MWe are developed based on reference or other near-term designs. Technologies used include parabolic trough, parabolic dish, and central tower focusing; central and distributed power generation; and proximate and independent siting of power modules. Component counts and failure rates estimated include heat transfer system leaks, sensor failures, and mechanical and electrical component failures, such as pumps, motors, and wire and cable. Depending on the technology chosen, leak rates can approach 1000 per year per 100 MWe system capacity, while component failure rates can be several times that level. Within categories of failures, the various technologies can have rates differing by a factor of 1000 or more. A uniform weighting for the consequences of the various failure types is proposed. Under this weighting, central tower systems are most favored, followed by parabolic trough, parabolic dishes with dispersed power generation, and parabolic dishes with central power generation. This weighting does not account for possible variations in the technologies. A sensitivity analysis is used to bound the relative hazards of the various failure events required to invert one or more of the system rankings.
Ullman, A.Z.; Sokolow, B.B.; Hill, J.; Meunier, G.; Busick, H. III
Fort Hood Solar Total Energy Project. Volume IV. Project Management Plan. Final report
The Project Management Plan presented is designed to implement the definitive design phase of this project by establishing the organization, tasks, schedules, and controls to assure the accomplishment of project objectives within time and budgetary constraints. Specifically, the plan presents a functional organization composed of a team of personnel with proven experience and capability; clear and concise methods for evaluation and control of project activities and costs; and a set of procedures that provides a means for sound and timely decisions and actions relative to project tasks and milestones. Since a significant portion of the overall design effort is to be performed by a subcontractor, Westinghouse Electric Corporation, this management plan, in conjunction with subcontract provisions, establishes a sound base for evaluation, control and coordination of all activities associated with their respective tasks. (WHK)
Design of Radiation-Tolerant Structural Alloys for Generation IV Nuclear Energy Systems
This project will use proton irradiation to further understand the microstructural stability of ceramics being considered as matrix material for advanced nuclear fuels.
Todd R. Allen
The WIRED Survey. IV. New Dust Disks from the McCook & Sion White Dwarf Catalog
We have compiled photometric data from the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer All Sky Survey and other archival sources for the more than 2200 objects in the original McCook & Sion Catalog of Spectroscopically Identified White Dwarfs. We applied color-selection criteria to identify 28 targets whose infrared spectral energy distributions depart from the expectation for the white dwarf photosphere alone. Seven of these are previously known white dwarfs with circumstellar dust disks, five are known central stars of planetary nebulae, and six were excluded for being known binaries or having possible contamination of their infrared photometry. We fit white dwarf models to the spectral energy distributions of the remaining ten targets, and find seven new candidates with infrared excess suggesting the presence of a circumstellar dust disk. We compare the model dust disk properties for these new candidates with a comprehensive compilation of previously published parameters for known white dwarfs with dust disks....
Hoard, D W; Wachter, Stefanie; Leisawitz, David T; Cohen, Martin
Photoluminescence studies from micropillars fabricated on IV-VI multiple quantum-well semiconductor structure
Micropillars were fabricated on multiple quantum-well structure of PbSe/PbSrSe grown on top of BaF"2 substrate in molecular beam epitaxy (MBE). The photoluminescence spectra from the pillar structure, having a diameter of 5@mm and inter-pillar distance ... Keywords: MBE, MQW micropillar, Photoluminescence, SEM
S. Mukherjee; S. Jain; F. Zhao; J. P. Kar; Z. Shi
Roadmap to NRC Approval of Ceramic Matrix Composites in Generation IV Reactors
This report provides an initial roadmap to obtain Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) approval for using these material systems in a nuclear application. The possible paths taken to achieving NRC approval are necessarily subject to change as this is an on-going process that shifts as more data and a clearer understanding of the nuclear regulations are gathered.
M. G. Jenkins; E. Lara-Curzio; W. Windes
waste, the various isotopes of plutonium compose up to 1% of10 5 yr). 2,3 Therefore, plutonium (which in biological andare gray, oxygens red, and plutonium silver. Figure A4-5.
German) The concepts of fission theory developed in previous works (Ann. Physik (7) 7, 333(1961)) are systematically developed. From the basic conception of shell structure dependent deformation of the fragments at the moment of their separation, magic effects result in the nuclear force potential between both fragments and the mean kinetic energy of the fragments whose interaction makes quantitatively comprehensible the observed fission asymmetry. The spontaneous fission of Cf/sup 252/ is discussed as an example. The symmetric fission of Bi/ sup 209/ (by deuterons) is described. A qualitative clarification is given of the known decrease in fission asymmetry with increased excitation energy on the basis of the general hypotheses developed. (tr-auth)
Brunner, W.; Paul, H.
Assessment of solar options for small power systems applications. Volume IV. Comparative ranking of concepts
A comparative analysis of solar thermal conversion concepts that are potentially suitable for development as small electric power systems (1 to 10 MWe) is presented. Cogeneration and total energy systems were beyond the scope of this study. Seven generic type of collectors, together with associated subsystems for electric power generation, were considered. The collectors can be classified into three categories: (1) two-axis tracking (with compound-curvature reflecting surfaces); (2) one-axis tracking (with single-curvature reflecting surfaces; and (3) nontracking (with low-concentration reflecting surfaces). All seven collectors were analyzed in conceptual system configurations with Rankine-cycle engines. In addition, two of the collectors (the Point Focus Central Receiver and the Point Focus Distributed Receiver) were analyzed with Brayton-cycle engines, and the latter of the two also was analyzed with Stirling-cycle engines. With these engine options, 10 systems were formulated for analysis. This is the fourth volume of a five-volume report on the work performed to analyze the alternative concepts, and the results obtaine