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Office of Scientific and Technical Information
Quarkonium Production and Medium Effects in High Energy Nuclear Collisions
E-Print Network (OSTI)
Color screening and regeneration are both hot medium effects on quarkonium production in high energy nuclear collisions. However, they affect in an opposite way the finally observed quarkonium spectra. Due to the competition of the two dynamical effects, the ratio of the integrated quarkonium yield between nuclear and elementary nucleon collisions loses its sensitivity. Once the information of quarkonium transverse motion is included, on the other hand, the ratio of averaged transverse momentum square reveals the nature of the QCD medium created in high energy nuclear collisions.
Zhou, Kai; Zhuang, Pengfei
Homogenization of a degenerate parabolic problem in a highly heterogeneous medium with highly anisotropic fibers
Science Conference Proceedings (OSTI)
We consider the homogenization of a heat transfer problem in a periodic medium, consisting of a set of highly anisotropic fibers surrounded by insulating layers, the whole being embedded in a third material having a conductivity of order 1. The conductivity ... Keywords: Degenerate parabolic problem, Highly anisotropic fibers, Highly heterogeneous medium, Homogenization
Ahmed Boughammoura
unknown title
This review presents a brief discussion of the theory of Cold Dark Matter of structure formation in the universe, describing the main processes determining the power spectrum, the non-linear gravitational collapse, the formation of galaxies and the evolution of the intergalactic medium. Recent advances in the observations of high redshift galaxies, and their interpretation in the context of this theory, are then summarized. Este art�culo de revisi�n presenta una breve exposici�n de la teor�a de la Materia Invisible Fr�a de la formaci�n de estructura en el universo, describiendo los procesos m�s importantes que determinan el espectro de potencia, el colapso gravitatorio no lineal, la formaci�n de galaxias y la evoluci�n del medio intergal�ctico. Resumimos tambi�n avances recientes en las observaciones de galaxias a alto corrimiento al rojo, y la interpretaci�n en el contexto de esa teor�a. Subject headings: 1. Introducci�n
Jordi Miralda Escud�; Alfred P. Sloan Fellow
D11: Microstructual Evolution of a Medium Carbon Advanced High ...
D8: Study of Rack and Chord Assembly Formability for Jack-up Platforms ... Zone of Zr-Ti Microalloyed High-strength High-toughness Offshore Structural Steels.
Frequency and time profiles of metric wave isolated type I solar noise storm bursts at high spectral and temporal resolution
G. A. Shanmugha Sundaram; K. R. Subramanian
Using measured data we demonstrate that there is an amazing correspondence among the statistical properties of spacings between parked cars and the distances between birds perching on a power line. We show that this observation is easily explained by the fact that birds and human use the same mechanism of distance estimation. We give a simple mathematical model of this phenomenon and prove its validity using measured data. Everyone knows that to park a car in the city center is problematic. The amount of the available places is limited and it has to be shared between too many interested parties. Birds face the same problem when a flock tries to perch on an electric line. The common problem (we will call it "the parking problem " in the following text) is to place oneself safely between the two parties limiting the available space from the left and from the right. This leads necessarily to an interaction preventing collisions between the participants and making the parking maneuver not random. It should be therefore not a surprise that the "Random car parking model " introduced by Renyi [1] (see also [2] and [3] for review) does not describe the real parking data correctly [4], [5]. The exact character of the interaction is unknown and hardly describable in the physical terms. It is however clear that it is primarily triggered by the brain and then mediated through the muscles (by pressing the accelerator/brake pedal (cars) or by flopping the wings (birds)). Though the particular locomotive activity is different the basic neural regulatory mechanisms can be similar in both cases. The complex interplay between the individuals
Petr �eba
Rapid and medium setting high float bituminous emulsions
SciTech Connect
This patent describes a rapid set high float aqueous bituminous emulsion-comprising bitumen, water, and from about 0.4% to about 0.6%, based on the weight of the emulsion, of an anionic emulsifier comprised of an alkaline solution of a combination of (1) 20% to 80% fatty acids selected from the group consisting of tall oil fatty acids, tallow fatty acids, and mixtures. (2) 20% to 80% of a product of the reaction of the fatty acids with a member of the group consists of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, fumaric acid, and maleic anhydride.
Schilling, P.; Schreuders, H.G.
Section 3.11.4 in the RACM indicates that the maximum cooling capacity credit must be in combination with verified cooling coil airflow and sealed and tested ducts. Table RA2-1 of the Reference Residential Appendix RA2 indicates that the maximum cooling capacity credit must be in combination with verified cooling coil airflow, sealed and tested ducts and high EER. Which requirement is valid? I think the elimination of the refrigerant charge as an additional compliance requirement is a mistake. The original intent of the additional compliance requirements was to insure the installation quality of both the duct system and the air conditioning equipment. Eliminating the refrigerant charge relaxes the installation quality standard for the air conditioning equipment. The logic seems to be a high EER will substitute for an improperly functioning air conditioner. The higher EER will reduce the air conditioner demand at time of peak but it will not increase the reduced cooling capacity of an air conditioner with an improper refrigerant charge. 2. RACM Section 3.11.6: The requirement for duct design verification by the HERS rater has been eliminated from
Commissioner Jackalyne Pfannenstiel; Commissioner Arthur; H. Rosenfeld, Ph.D.
The United States (U.S.) Department of Energy (DOE) proposes to transport highly enriched uranium (HEU) from Russia to a secure storage facility in Oak Ridge, TN. This proposed action would allow the United States and Russia to accelerate the disposition of excess nuclear weapons materials in the interest of promoting nuclear disarmament, strengthening nonproliferation, and combating terrorism. The HEU would be used for a non-weapons purpose in the U.S. � as fuel in research reactors performing solely peaceful missions. The amount of HEU to be transferred under the proposed action would be, on average, 166 kilograms (366 pounds) per year over a period of 10 years. The entire shipping campaign would be conducted under very high security. The Russian Federation would be responsible for packaging the material in appropriate packages that meet international and U.S. safety standards. The Russian Federation would also be responsible for transporting the material to a point of transfer, which could be in Russia or a cooperating European country. The U.S. would then take possession of the material and assume responsibility for its security and transport. The proposed action is to transport the HEU by U.S. military aircraft from Russia or a cooperating European country to the McGhee Tyson Air National Guard Base near Knoxville, TN, then by Safe Secure Transport/SafeGuards Transportation (SST/SGT) to the
unknown authors
Graphene coating makes carbon nanotube aerogels superelastic and resistant to fatigue Kyu Hun Kim, Youngseok Oh and M. F. Islam* Lightweight materials that are both highly compressible and resilient under large cyclic strains can be used in a variety of applications 1�8. Carbon nanotubes offer a combination of elasticity, mechanical resilience and low density 9, and these properties have been exploited in nanotube-based foams 10�14 and aerogels 15,16. However, all nanotube-based foams and aerogels developed so far undergo structural collapse 15 or significant plastic deformation with a reduction in compressive strength 10,11,13,14 when they are subjected to cyclic strain. Here, we show that an inelastic aerogel made of single-walled carbon nanotubes can be transformed into a superelastic material by coating it with between one and five layers of graphene nanoplates. The
From the beginning of the Middletown project the importance of determining the exact size and age distribution of the population was evident. Such information may not always be necessary in subsequent community-wide vaccination campaigns, but since one of our main objectives was to evaluate the degree of acceptance of oral vaccine in a typical small New England city, it was necessary to have accurate agespecific data. The 1960 United States census figures were not yet available; our estimates of the child population were therefore based on information obtained from birth records, from the schools, and from the Board of Education. NUMBER OF CHILDREN VACCINATED The school-aged population was determined by an exact count of the pupils in attendance at the 14 public and three parochial schools. Of the total 6,811, some 504 (chiefly those attending the two high schools and a technical school) were not Middletown residents, but were nevertheless considered eligible for vaccination. The preschool population was estimated on the basis of the number of
High-resolution absorption spectroscopy of the circumgalactic medium of the Milky Way
In this article we discuss the importance of high-resolution absorption spectroscopy for our understanding of the distribution and physical nature of the gaseous circumgalactic medium (CGM) that surrounds the Milky Way. Observational and theoretical studies indicate a high complexity of the gas kinematics and an extreme multi-phase nature of the CGM in low-redshift galaxies. High-precision absorption-line measurements of the Milky Way's gas environment thus are essential to explore fundamental parameters of circumgalactic gas in the local Universe, such as mass, chemical composition, and spatial distribution. We shortly review important characteristics of the Milky Way's CGM and discuss recent results from our multi-wavelength observations of the Magellanic Stream. Finally, we discuss the potential of studying the warm-hot phase of the Milky Way's CGM by searching for extremely weak [FeX] l6374.5 and [FeIVX] l5302.9 absorption in optical QSO spectra.
Richter, P; Bekhti, N Ben; Murphy, M T; Bomans, D; Frank, S
Neutrons in a highly diffusive medium a new propulsion tool for deep space exploration?
The recently completed TARC Experiment at the CERN-PS has shown how it is possible to confine neutrons by diffusion in a limited volume of a highly transparent medium for very long times (tens of milliseconds), with correspondingly very long diffusive paths (> 60 m neutron path �wound� within a ~ 60 cm effective radius). Assume an empty cavity is introduced inside the previous volume of diffusing medium. The inner walls of the cavity are covered with a thin layer of highly fissionable material, which acts as a neutron multiplying source. This configuration, called �n-Hohlraum�, is reminiscent of a classic black-body radiator, with the exception that now neutrons rather than photons are propagated. The flux can be sufficiently enhanced as to permit to reach criticality with a ~ 1 mm thick Americium deposit, corresponding to a mere 1100 atomic layers. Such a layer is so thin that the Fission Fragments (FF) exit freely into the cavity. The energy carried by FF can be recovered directly, thus making use of th...
Rubbia, Carlo
A highly conserved protein of unknown function in Sinorhizobium meliloti affects sRNA regulation similar to Hfq
The SMc01113/YbeY protein, belonging to the UPF0054 family, is highly conserved in nearly every bacterium. However, the function of these proteins still remains elusive. Our results show that SMc01113/YbeY proteins share ...
Pandey, Shree P.
Lead iron phosphate glass as a containment medium for disposal of high-level nuclear waste
DOE Patents (OSTI)
Lead-iron phosphate glasses containing a high level of Fe.sub.2 O.sub.3 for use as a storage medium for high-level radioactive nuclear waste. By combining lead-iron phosphate glass with various types of simulated high-level nuclear waste, a highly corrosion resistant, homogeneous, easily processed glass can be formed. For corroding solutions at 90.degree. C., with solution pH values in the range between 5 and 9, the corrosion rate of the lead-iron phosphate nuclear waste glass is at least 10.sup.2 to 10.sup.3 times lower than the corrosion rate of a comparable borosilicate nuclear waste glass. The presence of Fe.sub.2 O.sub.3 in forming the lead-iron phosphate glass is critical. Lead-iron phosphate nuclear waste glass can be prepared at temperatures as low as 800.degree. C., since they exhibit very low melt viscosities in the 800.degree. to 1050.degree. C. temperature range. These waste-loaded glasses do not readily devitrify at temperatures as high as 550.degree. C. and are not adversely affected by large doses of gamma radiation in H.sub.2 O at 135.degree. C. The lead-iron phosphate waste glasses can be prepared with minimal modification of the technology developed for processing borosilicate glass nuclear wasteforms.
Boatner, Lynn A. (Oak Ridge, TN); Sales, Brian C. (Oak Ridge, TN)
High intensity production of high and medium charge state uraniumand other heavy ion beams with VENUS
The next generation, superconducting ECR ion source VENUS(Versatile ECR ion source for NUclear Science) started operation with 28GHzmicrowave heating in 2004. Since then it has produced world recordion beam intensities. For example, 2850 e mu A of O6+, 200 e mu A of U33+or U34+, and in respect to high charge state ions, 1 e mu A of Ar18+, 270e mu A of Ar16+, 28 e mu A of Xe35+ and 4.9 e mu A of U47+ have beenproduced. A brief overview of the latest developments leading to theserecord intensities is given and the production of high intensity uraniumbeams is discussed in more detail.
Leitner, Daniela; Galloway, Michelle L.; Loew, Timothy J.; Lyneis, Claude M.; Rodriguez, Ingrid Castro; Todd, Damon S.
Lead-iron phosphate glass as a containment medium for the disposal of high-level nuclear wastes
Disclosed are lead-iron phosphate glasses containing a high level of Fe/sub 2/O/sub 3/ for use as a storage medium for high-level radioactive nuclear waste. By combining lead-iron phosphate glass with various types of simulated high-level nuclear waste
Boatner, L.A.; Sales, B.C.
Heterogeneous reactivity effects in medium- and high-enriched uranium metal-water systems
DOE Green Energy (OSTI)
The effect of heterogeneity on reactivity of low-, medium-, and high-enriched, water-moderated uranium metal systems has been examined for various hydrogen-to-fissile (H/X) ratios using the CSAS1X sequence in SCALE and MCNP. For the calculations, an infinite array of close-packed unit cells was modeled which consisted of centered uranium metal spheres surrounded by water. The enrichments used correspond to the average enrichments of fragmented fuel plates in three proposed waste shipments from Oak Ridge National Laboratory. The analysis performed to obtain peak reactivity for each enrichment as a function of particle size and H/X ratio led to the development of the topic discussed in this paper.
Lichtenwalter, J.J.
Design of an ambient aerosol sampling system for high and medium speed applications
Two ambient sampling systems were designed and tested for high speed sampling application for a wind speed range of 4.47 m/s to 26.82 m/s. These systems will be used as inlets for sampling of bioaerosol from air. These systems consist of shrouded probes for sampling at higher speeds and omni-directional inlets for low speed ambient sampling. The two systems operate at 780 L/min and 90 L/min. Another system was designed and tested for medium speed ambient sampling. This unit will be used as a reference sampler for speed ranges from zero to 20.12 m/s. This system consists of a Sierra-Andersen SA-246 inlet for sampling at speeds up-to 6.71 m/s (15 mph) and a shrouded probe operating at variable flow rate for sampling in speed range of 6.71 m/s and 20.12 m/s. An aircraft-borne shrouded probe was also tested at wind speeds as high as 50 m/s in an upgraded high speed wind tunnel.
Irshad, Hammad
Lyman-alpha Heating of Inhomogeneous High-redshift Intergalactic Medium
The intergalactic medium (IGM) prior to the epoch of reionization consists mostly of neutral hydrogen gas. Ly-alpha photons produced by early stars resonantly scatter off hydrogen atoms, causing energy exchange between the radiation field and the gas. This interaction results in moderate heating of the gas due to the recoil of the atoms upon scattering, which is of great interest for future studies of the pre-reionization IGM in the HI 21 cm line. We investigate the effect of this Ly-alpha heating in the IGM with linear density, temperature and velocity perturbations. Perturbations smaller than the diffusion length of photons could be damped due to heat conduction by Ly-alpha photons. The scale at which damping occurs and the strength of this effect depend on various properties of the gas, the flux of Ly-alpha photons and the way in which photon frequencies are redistributed upon scattering. To find the relevant length scale and the extent to which Ly-alpha heating affects perturbations, we calculate the gas ...
Oklopcic, Antonija
High-Flux Stress Testing of Encapsulants for Medium-Concentration CPV Applications
This study involved developing methods to expose transparent encapsulant materials to high (40 to 45 UV suns) optical fluxes of UV radiation to enable rapid evaluation of materials.
Kempe, M. D.; Kilkenny, M.; Moricone, T. J.; Zhang, J. Z.
The final stage of gravitational collapse for high density fluid medium
The High density high density fluids can be represented by a stiff matter state equation P={rho} and also by the Hagedorn state equation. The first is constructed using a lagrangian that allows bare nucleons to interact attractively via scalar meson exchange, and repulsively by a more massive vector meson exchange; the second consider that for large mass the spectrum of hadrons grows exponentially, namely {rho}(m) {approx}exp(m/T{sub H}), where T{sub H} is the Hagedorn temperature, resulting the state equation P = P{sub 0}+{rho}{sub 0}ln({rho}/{rho}{sub 0}). We study the gravitational collapse for a high density fluid, considering a Hagedorn state equation in a presence of a vacuum component.
Souza, R. G. [Physics Department , Roraima Federal University, 69304-000 Boa Vista, RR (Brazil); De Campos, M. [Physics Department, Roraima Federal University, 69304-000 Boa Vista, RR (Brazil) and Astronomy Department, Sao Paulo University, 05508-900 Sao Paulo, SP (Brazil)
Identification of Highly Predictable Flow Elements for Spatial Filtering of Medium- and Extended-Range Numerical Forecasts
To determine if some flow components are systematically forecast more accurately than others, 990 wintertime medium-range forecasts made at the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) are examined. It is found that forecasts ...
Grant Branstator; Andrew Mai; David Baumhefner
Process and system for producing high-density pellets from a gaseous medium
A process and system for producing pellets of high density carbon dioxide or other gases utilize a chamber containing a plurality of cell-like freezing compartments within which ice is to be formed. A gas desired to be frozen into ice is introduced into the chamber while the internal pressure of the chamber is maintained at a level which is below the equilibrium triple pressure of the gas. The temperature of the freezing compartments is lowered to a temperature which is below the equilibrium vapor pressure temperature of the gas at the chamber pressure so that the gas condenses into ice within the compartments. The temperature of the freezing compartments is thereafter raised so that the ice is thereby released from and falls out of the compartments as pellets for collection.
Foster, Christopher A. (Clinton, TN)
Design features of high-intensity medium-energy superconducting heavy-ion Linac.
The proposed Rare Isotope Accelerator (RIA) requires the construction of a cw 1.4 GV superconducting (SC) linac that is capable of producing 400 kW beams of all ions from protons at 900 MeV to uranium at 400 MeV/u. The design of such a linac was outlined at the previous Linac conference. This linac will accelerate multiple-charge-states (multi-q) of the heaviest ion beams, for which the beam current is limited by ion-source performance. The linac consists of two different types of accelerating and focusing lattice: for uranium below {approx}85 MeV/u the focusing is provided by SC solenoids installed in cryostats with the SC resonators while in the high-beta section the focusing elements are located outside of the cryostats. A detailed design has been developed for the focusing-accelerating lattice of the linac. Beam dynamics studies have been performed with the goal of optimization of the linac structure in order to reduce a possible effective emittance growth of the multi-q uranium beam. A wide tuning range of the accelerating and focusing fields is required for acceleration of the variety of ions with different charge-to-mass ratios to the highest possible energy in single charge state mode. The focusing must be retuned for different ion masses to avoid resonance coupling between the transverse and longitudinal motions. Any visible impact of this coupling on the formation of beam halo must be avoided due to the high beam power.
Ostroumov, P. N.
The Far Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer: Mission Overview and Prospects for Studies of the Interstellar Medium and High Velocity Clouds
The Far Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer (FUSE) is a NASA astronomy mission that will explore the 905-1187 A wavelength region at high spectral resolution. Funded by NASA's Explorer Program, this Origins mission is scheduled for a 1999 launch and at least three years of operations. The development of FUSE is being led by the Johns Hopkins University, with major contributions to the program from the University of Colorado, the University of California-Berkeley, the space agencies of Canada and France, and corporate partners. FUSE will have approximately 10,000 times the sensitivity of its pioneering predecessor, Copernicus, which operated in the 1970s. Much of the FUSE Science Team observing time will be dedicated to studying the interstellar medium of the Milky Way and Magellanic Clouds. Observations of high velocity clouds play an important role in the FUSE program. In this paper, I outline some of the FUSE Science Team plans for observing HVCs. Simple absorption line models are also provided for investigators seeking to identify atomic and molecular species in this wavelength region.
Kenneth R. Sembach
High-Resolution Climate Change Impact Analysis on Medium-Sized River Catchments in Germany: An Ensemble Assessment
The impact of climate change on three small- to medium-sized river catchments (Ammer, Mulde, and Ruhr) in Germany is investigated for the near future (2021�50) following the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Special Report on ...
Irena Ott; Doris Duethmann; Joachim Liebert; Peter Berg; Hendrik Feldmann; Juergen Ihringer; Harald Kunstmann; Bruno Merz; Gerd Schaedler; Sven Wagner
Office of Legacy Management (LM)
JOURNAL OF JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL Journal of ELSEVIER Environmental Radioactivity 60 (2002) 165-187 RADIOACTIVITY An assessment of the reported leakage of anthropogenic radionuclides from the underground nuclear test sites at Amchitka Island, Alaska, USA to the surface environment Douglas Dashera3*, Wayne ans son^, Stan Reada, Scott FalleS, Dennis Farmerc, Wes ~ f u r d ~ , John Kelleye, Robert patrickf " Aluska Department o f Etz~~ironmental Conservation, 610 Liniversitj Avenue, Fairbanks, AK 99709, U S A ~ a t ~ s o n Environmentul Research Sercice, Inc.,I902 Yew Street Rd., Bellingham, W A 98226, U S A ' U . S . Encironmental Protection Agency Radiation and Indoor Encironments National Laboratory, P.O. Box 98517, La.r P'egrrs, N V 89193, U S A d ~ o s Alatnos Nationnl Laboratorj, Clzemical Science and Technology, M
(1) The contamination may be too great, (2) suitable or cost-effec- tive remediation technologies may not currently be available, (3) remediation may impose too great a risk...
DOI: 10.10071~00267-004-0126-6 DOI: 10.10071~00267-004-0126-6 Science, Policy, and Stakeholders: Developing a Consensus Science Plan for Amchitka Island, Aleutians, Alaska JOANNABURGER Division of Life Sciences Consortium for Risk Evaluation with Stakeholder Participation (CRESP) and Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute (EOHSI) Rutgers University Piscataway, New Jersey 08854-8082, USA MICHAEL GOCHFELD CRESP and EOHSI UMDNJ-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA DAVID S. KOSSON Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering CRESP and Vanderbilt University Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA CHARLES W. POWERS BARRY FRIEDLANDER CRESP and EOHSI UMDNJ-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA JOHN EICHELBERGER
Synthetic laser medium
A laser medium is particularly useful in high average power solid state lasers. The laser medium includes a chromium dopant and preferably neodymium ions as codopant, and is primarily a gadolinium scandium gallium garnet, or an analog thereof. Divalent cations inhibit spiral morphology as large boules from which the laser medium is derived are grown, and a source of ions convertible between a trivalent state and a tetravalent state at a low ionization energy are in the laser medium to reduce an absorption coefficient at about one micron wavelength otherwise caused by the divalent cations. These divalent cations and convertible ions are dispersed in the laser medium. Preferred convertible ions are provided from titanium or cerium sources.
Stokowski, S.E.
Tracking highly maneuverable targets with unknown behavior
for maneuvering target tracking,� IEEE Trans. Aerosp.converted measurements for tracking,� IEEE Trans. Aerosp.particle filters for tracking a maneuvering target,� in
Schell, C; Linder, S P; Zeidler, J R
The Neutral Medium
We consider the physical conditions of the neutral medium within, and in the environments of, galaxies. The basic physical and morphological properties of the neutral medium within galaxy disks are now quite well-constrained. Systematic variations in temperature and phase-balance (of cool versus warm neutral gas) are indicated as a function of both radius and z-height. Interestingly, the cool medium line-widths are observed to be dominated by turbulent energy injection within cells of 10 pc to 1 kpc size. Deep new observations reveal that 5-10% of the neutral medium is associated within an extended halo which rotates more slowly and experiences radial inflow. Much of this component is likely to be associated with a ``galactic fountain'' type of phenomenon. However, compelling evidence is also accumulating for the importance of tidal disruption of satellites as well as continuous accretion (of both diffuse and discrete components) in fueling galaxy halos and disks. Continued fueling is even observed on scales of 100's of kpc in galaxy environments, where the neutral component is likely to be merely a trace constituent of a highly ionized plasma.
Robert Braun
Liquid chromatographic extraction medium
A method and apparatus for extracting strontium and technetium values from biological, industrial and environmental sample solutions using a chromatographic column is described. An extractant medium for the column is prepared by generating a solution of a diluent containing a Crown ether and dispersing the solution on a resin substrate material. The sample solution is highly acidic and is introduced directed to the chromatographic column and strontium or technetium is eluted using deionized water.
Horwitz, E. Philip (Naperville, IL); Dietz, Mark L. (Evanston, IL)
A method and apparatus are disclosed for extracting strontium and technetium values from biological, industrial and environmental sample solutions using a chromatographic column. An extractant medium for the column is prepared by generating a solution of a diluent containing a Crown ether and dispersing the solution on a resin substrate material. The sample solution is highly acidic and is introduced directed to the chromatographic column and strontium or technetium is eluted using deionized water. 1 fig.
Horwitz, E.P.; Dietz, M.L.
Extraction of Ce(III), Gd(III) and Yb(III) from citrate medium by high molecular weight amines
High molecular weight amines have been used for the extraction of citrate complexes of Ce(III), Gd(III) and Yb(III). The effect of different variables on extraction has been studied. The citrate species extracted in the organic phase have been proposed as ((RNH/sub 3//sup +/)/sub 3/) (M(Cit)/sub 2/)/sup 3 -/.
Jain, A.; Singh, O.V.; Tandon, S.N.
Polarisation response of a gas medium in the field of a high-intensity ultrashort laser pulse: high order Kerr nonlinearities or plasma electron component?
The polarisation response of quantum systems modelling silver and xenon atoms in the field of a high-intensity femtosecond Ti : sapphire laser (photon energy h{omega} Almost-Equal-To 1.5 eV), has been investigated by direct numerical integration of the Schroedinger equation. The applicability ranges of the perturbation theory and polarisation expansion in powers of field are determined. The contributions of excited atoms and electrons in the continuous-spectrum states to the polarisation response at the fundamental frequency, which arise as a result of excitation and photoionisation, are analysed. It is shown that specifically ionisation changes the sign of dielectric susceptibility with an increase in radiation intensity for the systems under consideration. (interaction of laser radiation with matter. laser plasmas)
Volkova, E A; Popov, Alexander M; Tikhonova, O V [D.V. Skobel'tsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow (Russian Federation)
Nuclear medium effects in $\
We study the nuclear medium effects in the weak structure functions $F_2(x,Q^2)$ and $F_3(x,Q^2)$ in the deep inelastic neutrino/antineutrino reactions in nuclei. We use a theoretical model for the nuclear spectral functions which incorporates the conventional nuclear effects, such as Fermi motion, binding and nucleon correlations. We also consider the pion and rho meson cloud contributions calculated from a microscopic model for meson-nucleus self-energies. The calculations have been performed using relativistic nuclear spectral functions which include nucleon correlations. Our results are compared with the experimental data of NuTeV and CDHSW.
Haider, H; Athar, M Sajjad; Vacas, M J Vicente
Property:Plants with Unknown Planned Capacity | Open Energy Information
Open Energy Info (EERE)
Plants with Unknown Planned Capacity Plants with Unknown Planned Capacity Jump to: navigation, search Property Name Plants with Unknown Planned Capacity Property Type String Description Number of plants with unknown planned capacity per GEA Pages using the property "Plants with Unknown Planned Capacity" Showing 21 pages using this property. A Alaska Geothermal Region + 1 + C Cascades Geothermal Region + 2 + Central Nevada Seismic Zone Geothermal Region + 9 + G Gulf of California Rift Zone Geothermal Region + 4 + H Hawaii Geothermal Region + 0 + Holocene Magmatic Geothermal Region + 0 + I Idaho Batholith Geothermal Region + 1 + N Northern Basin and Range Geothermal Region + 11 + Northern Rockies Geothermal Region + 0 + Northwest Basin and Range Geothermal Region + 9 + R Rio Grande Rift Geothermal Region + 1 +
Adding control to arbitrary unknown quantum operations
While quantum computers promise significant advantages, the complexity of quantum algorithms remains a major technological obstacle. We have developed and demonstrated an architecture-independent technique that simplifies adding control qubits to arbitrary quantum operations-a requirement in many quantum algorithms, simulations and metrology. The technique is independent of how the operation is done, does not require knowledge of what the operation is, and largely separates the problems of how to implement a quantum operation in the laboratory and how to add a control. We demonstrate an entanglement-based version in a photonic system, realizing a range of different two-qubit gates with high fidelity.
Xiao-Qi Zhou; Timothy C. Ralph; Pruet Kalasuwan; Mian Zhang; Alberto Peruzzo; Benjamin P. Lanyon; Jeremy L. O'Brien
CMVRTC: Medium Truck Duty Cycle
NLE Websites -- All DOE Office Websites (Extended Search)
medium truck duty cycle (MTdc) project medium truck duty cycle (MTdc) project OVERVIEW The Medium Truck Duty Cycle (MTDC) project involves efforts to collect, analyze and archive data related to medium-truck operations in real-world driving environments. Such data and information will be useful to support technology evaluation efforts and to provide a means of accounting for real-world driving performance within medium-class truck analyses. The project involves private industry partners from various truck vocations. The MTDC project is unique in that there currently does not exist a national database of characteristic duty cycles for medium trucks. This project involves the collection of data from multiple vocations (four vocations) and multiple vehicles within these vocations (three vehicles per
System for identifying known materials within a mixture of unknowns
One or both of two methods and systems are used to determine concentration of a known material in an unknown mixture on the basis of the measured interaction of electromagnetic waves upon the mixture. One technique is to utilize a multivariate analysis patch technique to develop a library of optimized patches of spectral signatures of known materials containing only those pixels most descriptive of the known materials by an evolutionary algorithm. Identity and concentration of the known materials within the unknown mixture is then determined by minimizing the residuals between the measurements from the library of optimized patches and the measurements from the same pixels from the unknown mixture. Another technique is to train a neural network by the genetic algorithm to determine the identity and concentration of known materials in the unknown mixture. The two techniques may be combined into an expert system providing cross checks for accuracy. 37 figs.
Wagner, J.S.
A Proposal to the Department of Energy for The Fabrication of a Very High Energy Polarized Gama Ray Beam Facility and A Program of Medium Energy Physics Research at The National Synchrotron Light Source
This proposal requests support for the fabrication and operation of a modest facility that would provide relatively intense beams of monochromatic and polarized photons with energies in the range of several hundreds of MeV. These {gamma} rays would be produced by Compton backscattering laser light from the electrons circulating in the 2.5-3.0 GeV 'X-RAY' storage ring of the National Synchrotron Light Source (NSLS) at Brookhaven National Laboratory. The excellent emittance, phase space, and high current of this state-of-the-art storage ring will allow the production of 2 x 10{sup 7} {gamma} rays per second. These photons would be tagged by detecting the scattered electrons, thereby determining the energy to 2.7 MeV for all {gamma}-ray energies. The efficiency of this tagging procedure is 100% and the {gamma}-ray beam would be essentially background free. Tagging will also allow the flexibility of operating with a dynamic range as large as 200 MeV in photon energy while still preserving high resolution and polarization. These beams will permit a fruitful study of important questions in medium-energy nuclear physics. The initial goals of this program are to reach reliable operation with photon energies up to 300 MeV and to develop {gamma}-ray beams with energies up to about 500 MeV. To demonstrate reliable operation, a modest physics program is planned that, for the most part, utilizes existing magnets and detector systems but nonetheless addresses several important outstanding problems. Gamma ray beams of the versatility, intensity, energy, and resolution that can be achieved at this facility are not currently available at any other world facility either existing or under construction. Furthermore, the proposed program would produce the first intense source of medium-energy {gamma} rays that are polarized. Because of the difficulties in producing such polarized beams, it is very unlikely that viable alternate sources can be developed in the near future; at present, no others are planned.
Sandorfi, A.M.; LeVine, M.J.; Thorn, C.E.; Giordano, G.; Matone, G.
Medium Truck Duty Cycle (MTDC)
Routes Data Acquisition System Setup Routes Data Acquisition System Setup Medium Truck Duty Cycle (MTDC) Objective This Department of Energy project focuses on the collection and analysis medium truck (Class-6 and -7) duty cycle data from real-world operations. Analysis of this data will provide information pertaining to the fuel efficiencies and performance of medium trucks in several vocations. Outcomes Rich source of data and information that can contribute to the development of new tools Sound basis upon which DOE can make technology investment decisions A national archive of real-world-based medium-truck operational data that will support medium-duty vehicle energy efficiency research Collected Data Speed & Acceleration Fuel Consumption GPS Location Road Grade
Host suppression and bioinformatics for sequence-based characterization of unknown pathogens.
Bioweapons and emerging infectious diseases pose formidable and growing threats to our national security. Rapid advances in biotechnology and the increasing efficiency of global transportation networks virtually guarantee that the United States will face potentially devastating infectious disease outbreaks caused by novel ('unknown') pathogens either intentionally or accidentally introduced into the population. Unfortunately, our nation's biodefense and public health infrastructure is primarily designed to handle previously characterized ('known') pathogens. While modern DNA assays can identify known pathogens quickly, identifying unknown pathogens currently depends upon slow, classical microbiological methods of isolation and culture that can take weeks to produce actionable information. In many scenarios that delay would be costly, in terms of casualties and economic damage; indeed, it can mean the difference between a manageable public health incident and a full-blown epidemic. To close this gap in our nation's biodefense capability, we will develop, validate, and optimize a system to extract nucleic acids from unknown pathogens present in clinical samples drawn from infected patients. This system will extract nucleic acids from a clinical sample, amplify pathogen and specific host response nucleic acid sequences. These sequences will then be suitable for ultra-high-throughput sequencing (UHTS) carried out by a third party. The data generated from UHTS will then be processed through a new data assimilation and Bioinformatic analysis pipeline that will allow us to characterize an unknown pathogen in hours to days instead of weeks to months. Our methods will require no a priori knowledge of the pathogen, and no isolation or culturing; therefore it will circumvent many of the major roadblocks confronting a clinical microbiologist or virologist when presented with an unknown or engineered pathogen.
Branda, Steven S.; Lane, Todd W.; Misra, Milind; Meagher, Robert J.; Patel, Kamlesh D.; Kaiser, Julia N.
Online Pricing of Secondary Spectrum Access with Unknown Demand Function
-of-the-day arrival rate trends. The simulations showed that AMTP closely tracks the time-varying optimal price1 Online Pricing of Secondary Spectrum Access with Unknown Demand Function Huseyin Mutlu, Murat while SUs are admitted and priced according to current availability of excess spectrum. The average rate
Starobinski, David
Photometric Stereo with General, Unknown Lighting Ronen Basri
and distant from the object but otherwise unconstrained. Lighting in each image may be an unknown that are approximately Lambertian, and assume that lights are relatively distant and isotropic (no cast shadows or slide a preliminary assessment of them using controlled images. It is a subject of future work to explore these more
Jacobs, David
Nonlinear adaptive control for bioreactors with unknown kinetics
We consider a control problem for a single bioreaction occurring in a continuous and well-mixed bioreactor, assuming that the bioreaction's kinetics is not represented by a validated model. We develop a nonlinear controller and prove the global asymptotic ... Keywords: Continuous bioprocesses, Nonlinear adaptive control, Unknown kinetics, Wastewater treatment
Ludovic Mailleret; Olivier Bernard; Jean-Philippe Steyer
The Physics of the Intergalactic Medium
Intergalactic space is filled with a pervasive medium of ionized gas, the Intergalactic Medium (IGM). A residual neutral fraction is detected in the spectra of Quasi-Stellar Objects at both low and high redshifts, revealing a highly fluctuating medium with temperatures characteristic of photoionized gas. The statistics of the fluctuations are well-reproduced by numerical gravity-hydrodynamics simulations within the context of standard cosmological structure formation scenarios. As such, the study of the IGM offers an opportunity to probe the nature of the primordial density fluctuations on scales unavailable to other methods. The simulations also suggest the IGM is the dominant reservoir of baryons produced by the Big Bang, and so the principal source of the matter from which galaxies formed. The detection of metal systems within the IGM shows that it was enriched by evolved stars early in its history, demonstrating an intimate connection between galaxy formation and the IGM. The author presents a comprehensive review of the current understanding of the structure and physical properties of the IGM and its relation to galaxies, concluding with comments on prospects for furthering the study of the IGM using future ground-based facilities and space-based experiments.
Avery A. Meiksin
Method of dispensing droplets to penetration-resistive mediums. [Patent application
Uniform, monosized microspheroids are produced in a gelation medium characterized by a high resistance to surface penetration by reducing the effect of impact on entry of the droplets into the medium by contacting the droplet with a stream of medium and by introducing the resulting stream into a gelation column.
Fowler, V.L.; Ryon, A.D.; Haas, P.A.
Application of Categorical Exclusions (1021.410) Disagree Agree Unknown
Energy.gov (U.S. Department of Energy (DOE)) Indexed Site
1 1 Checklist for Categorical Exclusion Determination, revised Nov. 2011 Application of Categorical Exclusions (1021.410) Disagree Agree Unknown (b)(1) The proposal fits within a class of actions that is listed in appendix A or B to subpart D. X (b)(2) There are no extraordinary circumstances related to the proposal that may affect the significance of the environmental effects of the proposal, including, but not limited to, scientific controversy about the environmental effects of the proposal; uncertain effects or effects involving unique or unknown risks; and unresolved conflicts concerting alternate uses of available resources X (b)(3) The proposal has not been segmented to meet the definition of a categorical exclusion. Segmentation can occur when a proposal is
Success probabilities for universal unambiguous discriminators between unknown pure states
A universal programmable discriminator can perform the discrimination between two unknown states, and the optimal solution can be approached via the discrimination between the two averages over the uniformly distributed unknown input pure states, which has been widely discussed in previous works. In this paper, we consider the success probabilities of the optimal universal programmable unambiguous discriminators when applied to the pure input states. More precisely, the analytic results of the success probabilities are derived with the expressions of the optimal measurement operators for the universal discriminators and we find that the success probabilities have nothing to do with the dimension d while the amounts of the copies in the two program registers are equal. The success probability of programmable unambiguous discriminator can asymptoticly approach to that of usual unambiguous discrimination (state comparison) as the number of copies in program registers (data register) goes to infinity.
Tao Zhou
Interferometric distillation and determination of unknown two-qubit entanglement
We propose a scheme for both distilling and quantifying entanglement, applicable to individual copies of an arbitrary unknown two-qubit state. It is realized in a usual two-qubit interferometry with local filtering. Proper filtering operation for the maximal distillation of the state is achieved by erasing single-qubit interference, and then the concurrence of the state is determined directly from the visibilities of two-qubit interference. We compare the scheme with full state tomography.
Lee, S.-S. B.; Sim, H.-S. [Department of Physics, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 305-701 (Korea, Republic of)
Electrical Resistivity Imaging for Unknown Bridge Foundation Depth Determination
Unknown bridge foundations pose a significant safety risk due to stream scour and erosion. Records from older structures may be non-existent, incomplete, or incorrect. Nondestructive and inexpensive geophysical methods have been identified as suitable to investigate unknown bridge foundations. The objective of the present study is to apply advanced 2D electrical resistivity imaging (ERI) in order to identify depth of unknown bridge foundations. A survey procedure is carried out in mixed terrain water and land environments with rough topography. A conventional resistivity survey procedure is used with the electrodes installed on the stream banks. However, some electrodes must be adapted for underwater use. Tests were conducted in one laboratory experimentation and at five field experimentations located at three roadway bridges, a geotechnical test site, and a railway bridge. The first experimentation was at the bridges with the smallest foundations, later working up in size to larger drilled shafts and spread footings. Both known to unknown foundations were investigated. The geotechnical test site is used as an experimental site for 2D and 3D ERI. The data acquisition is carried out along 2D profile with a linear array in the dipole-dipole configuration. The data collections have been carried out using electrodes deployed directly across smaller foundations. Electrodes are deployed in proximity to larger foundations to image them from the side. The 2D ERI can detect the presence of a bridge foundation but is unable to resolve its precise shape and depth. Increasing the spatial extent of the foundation permits better image of its shape and depth. Using electrode < 1 m to detect a slender foundation < 1 m in diameter is not feasible. The 2D ERI method that has been widely used for land surface surveys presently can be adapted effectively in water-covered environments. The method is the most appropriate geophysical method for determination of unknown bridge foundations. Fully 3D ERI method at bridge sites is labor intensive, time consuming, and does not add enough value over 2D ERI to make it worthwhile.
Arjwech, Rungroj
Identifying functions for all gene products in all sequenced organisms is a central challenge of the post-genomic era. However, at least 30-50% of the proteins encoded by any given genome are of unknown function, or wrongly or vaguely annotated. Many of these 'unknown' proteins are common to prokaryotes and plants. We accordingly set out to predict and experimentally test the functions of such proteins. Our approach to functional prediction is integrative, coupling the extensive post-genomic resources available for plants with comparative genomics based on hundreds of microbial genomes, and functional genomic datasets from model microorganisms. The early phase is computer-assisted; later phases incorporate intellectual input from expert plant and microbial biochemists. The approach thus bridges the gap between automated homology-based annotations and the classical gene discovery efforts of experimentalists, and is much more powerful than purely computational approaches to identifying gene-function associations. Among Arabidopsis genes, we focused on those (2,325 in total) that (i) are unique or belong to families with no more than three members, (ii) are conserved between plants and prokaryotes, and (iii) have unknown or poorly known functions. Computer-assisted selection of promising targets for deeper analysis was based on homology .. independent characteristics associated in the SEED database with the prokaryotic members of each family, specifically gene clustering and phyletic spread, as well as availability of functional genomics data, and publications that could link candidate families to general metabolic areas, or to specific functions. In-depth comparative genomic analysis was then performed for about 500 top candidate families, which connected ~55 of them to general areas of metabolism and led to specific functional predictions for a subset of ~25 more. Twenty predicted functions were experimentally tested in at least one prokaryotic organism via reverse genetics, metabolic profiling, functional complementation, and recombinant protein biochemistry. Our approach predicted and validated functions for 10 formerly uncharacterized protein families common to plants and prokaryotes; none of these functions had previously been correctly predicted by computational methods. The functions of five more are currently being validated. Experimental testing of diverse representatives of these families combined with in silica analysis allowed accurate projection of the annotations to hundreds more sequenced genomes.
Remote implementation of partially unknown operations and its entanglement costs
We present the generalized version of Wang's protocol[A.M.Wang, Phys.Rev.A 74,032317 (2006)] for the remote implementation(sometimes referred to as quantum remote control) of partially unknown quantum operations. The protocol only requires no more than half of the entanglements used in Bidirectional Quantum State Teleportation. We also propose a protocol for another form of quantum remote control. It can remotely implement a unitary operation which is a combination of the projective representations of a group. Moreover, we prove that the Schmidt rank of the entanglements cannot not be less than the number of controlled parameters of the operations, which for the first time gives a lower bound on entanglement costs in remote implementation of quantum operations.
Shu-Hui Luo; An-Min Wang
Simulated NMIS Imaging Data for an Unknown Object
This report presents simulated Nuclear Materials Identification System (NMIS) imaging data for an unclassified object, whose characteristics are initially unknown to the reader. This data will be used to test various analysis capabilities and was created with a simple deterministic ray-tracing algorithm. NMIS is a time-dependent coincidence counting system that is used to characterize both fissile and non-fissile materials undergoing nondestructive assay. NMIS characterizes materials by interrogating them with neutrons, either from an associated-particle deuterium-tritium (DT) neutron generator, which produces a time and directionally tagged monoenergetic beam of 14.1 MeV neutrons, or a time-tagged spontaneous fission source in an ionization chamber.
Walker, Mark E [ORNL; Mihalczo, John T [ORNL
Fish, Omega 3 and Human Health, 2nd EditionChapter 12 Maps and the Unknown
Fish, Omega 3 and Human Health, 2nd Edition Chapter 12 Maps and the Unknown Health Omega 3 eChapters Health - Nutrition - Biochemistry Nutrition Press Downloadable pdf of Chapter 12 Maps and the Unknown from the
Plutonium Management in the Medium Term
For many years various countries with access to commercial reprocessing services have been routinely recycling plutonium as UO{sub 2}/PuO{sub 2} mixed oxide (MOX) fuel in light water reactors (LWRs). This LWR MOX recycle strategy is still widely regarded as an interim step leading to the eventual establishment of sustainable fast reactor fuel cycles. The OECD/NEA Working Party on the Physics of Plutonium Fuels and Innovative Fuel Cycles (WPPR) has recently completed a review of the technical options for plutonium management in what it refers to as the 'medium term'. For the purpose of the review, the WPPR considers the medium term to cover the period from now up to the point at which fast reactor fuel cycles are established on a commercial scale. The review identified a number of different designs of innovative plutonium fuel assemblies intended to be used in current LWR cores, in LWRs with significantly different moderation properties, as well as in high-temperature gas reactors. The full review report describes these various options and highlights their respective advantages and disadvantages. This paper briefly summarizes the main findings of the review.
Hesketh, Kevin [BNFL Nuclear Sciences and Technology Services (United Kingdom); Schlosser, Gerhard; Porsch, Dieter F. [Framatome ANP (France); Wolf, Timm [Framatome ANP (France); Koeberl, Oliver [CEA Cadarache (France); Lance, Benoit [Belgonucleaire (Belgium); Chawla, Rakesh [Paul Scherrer Institut (Switzerland); Gehin, Jess C. [Oak Ridge National Laboratory (United States); Ellis, Ron [Oak Ridge National Laboratory (United States); Uchikawa, Sadao [Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute (Japan); Sato, Osamu [Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute (Japan); Okubo, Tsutomu [Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute (Japan); Mineo, Hideaki [Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute (Japan); Yamamoto, Toru [Nuclear Power Engineering Corporation (Japan); Sagayama, Yutaka [Japan Nuclear Cycle Development Institute (Japan); Sartori, Enrico [Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (France)
Energy trapping and shock disintegration in a composite granular medium
Granular materials demonstrate a strongly nonlinear behavior influencing the wave propagation in the medium. We report the first experimental observation of impulse energy confinement and the resultant disintegration of shock and solitary waves. The medium consists of alternating ensambles of high-modulus vs orders of magnitude lower modulus chains of different masses. The trapped energy is contained within the "softer" portions of the composite chain and is slowly released in the form of weak, separated pulses over an extended period of time. This effect is enhanced by using a specific group assembly and superimposed force.
C. Daraio; V. F. Nesterenko; E. B. Herbold; S. Jin
Medium Modifications of Hadron Properties and Partonic Processes
Chiral symmetry is one of the most fundamental symmetries in QCD. It is closely connected to hadron properties in the nuclear medium via the reduction of the quark condensate , manifesting the partial restoration of chiral symmetry. To better understand this important issue, a number of Jefferson Lab experiments over the past decade have focused on understanding properties of mesons and nucleons in the nuclear medium, often benefiting from the high polarization and luminosity of the CEBAF accelerator. In particular, a novel, accurate, polarization transfer measurement technique revealed for the first time a strong indication that the bound proton electromagnetic form factors in 4He may be modified compared to those in the vacuum. Second, the photoproduction of vector mesons on various nuclei has been measured via their decay to e+e- to study possible in-medium effects on the properties of the rho meson. In this experiment, no significant mass shift and some broadening consistent with expected collisional broadening for the rho meson has been observed, providing tight constraints on model calculations. Finally, processes involving in-medium parton propagation have been studied. The medium modifications of the quark fragmentation functions have been extracted with much higher statistical accuracy than previously possible.
W. K. Brooks, S. Strauch, K. Tsushima
Medium-induced multi-photon radiation
We study the spectrum of multi-photon radiation off a fast quark in medium in the BDMPS/ASW approach. We reproduce the medium-induced one-photon radiation spectrum in dipole approximation, and go on to calculate the two-photon radiation in the Moli\\`{e}re limit. We find that in this limit the LPM effect holds for medium-induced two-photon ladder emission.
Ma, Hao; Tywoniuk, Konrad
Assay of Drums with Unknown Content Stored in 247-41F
The Analytical Development Section of Savannah River Technology Center (SRTC) was requested by the Facilities Decontamination and Decommissioning Program (FDD) to determine the radionuclide content in two drums that were stored in an inactive warehouse of the Naval Fuels facility. The drums were labeled as containing fissile material and were placed in a critically safe arrangement, but it was not known whether they still contained the fissile material. Our g-PHA assay results indicate that the unknown highly enriched uranium (HEU) content of the two drums is one and 0.5 grams of surface contamination. Our neutron measurements confirmed that there are no significant lumps of 235U present in these drums and that only surface contamination is present. The results confirmed that the facility was in compliance with administrative controls for fissile materials and that it is safe to open the drums for visual inspection.
Dewberry, R.
ENERGY STAR Resources for Small & Medium Manufactures
Small & Medium Manufacturers Guide to Energy Management June 2013 ENERGY STAR is a U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Program helping organizations and individuals fight climate...
Magnetic and electric contributions to the energy loss in a dynamical QCD medium
The computation of radiative energy loss in a finite size QCD medium with dynamical constituents is a key ingredient for obtaining reliable predictions for jet quenching in ultra-relativistic heavy ion collisions. It was previously shown that energy loss in dynamical QCD medium is significantly higher compared to static QCD medium. To understand this difference, we here analyze magnetic and electric contributions to energy loss in dynamical QCD medium. We find that the significantly higher energy loss in the dynamical case is entirely due to appearance of magnetic contribution in the dynamical medium. While for asymptotically high energies, the energy loss in static and dynamical medium approach the same value, we find that the physical origin of the energy loss in these two cases is different.
Magdalena Djordjevic
The medium is the medium : the convergence of video, art and television at WGBH (1969)
On March 23rd 1969 Boston's public television station WGBH broadcast a program titled The Medium is the Medium. The program was a half-hour long compilation of short videos by six artists. The six pieces ranged from ...
Nadeau, James A. (James Andrew)
Medium energy nuclear data for applications
The types of medium energy nuclear data required for applications are discussed. Features of analysis tools, consisting of both detailed nuclear model codes and simple formulas based on nuclear systematics are presented. The activities of the Medium Energy Nuclear Data Working Group (MENDWG) are described including the recent benchmark comparison of nuclear model codes. 40 refs., 7 figs.
Pearlstein, S.
A Flexible Approach to Reassembling Thin Artifacts of Unknown Geometry
remarkably well with NBTI simulations. Since D increases with time, the degradation becomes faster as D/W://public.itrs.net [15] A. K. O. Jeppson and C. M. Svensson, "Negative bias of MOS devices at high electric fields
Nishino, Ko
Blind separation with unknown number of sources based on auto-trimmed neural network
This paper focuses on blind source separation with an unknown number of sources, which is the case generally assumed in most practical applications. Several over-determined neural algorithms (more sensors m than sources n) have been proposed to solve ... Keywords: Auto-trimmed neural network, Blind source separation (BSS), Unknown number of sources
Tsung-Ying Sun; Chan-Cheng Liu; Sheng-Ta Hsieh; Shang-Jeng Tsai
Unknown input estimation for a class of nonlinear systems and its application to automotive engine controls
System unmodeled dynamics and uncertainties are common issues in the design of model based controllers and observers. One way to deal with this is to design an unknown input observer to estimate those unknown variables. However it is not feasible, if ...
Chia-Shang Liu; Pingan He
Bi-parameter incremental unknowns ADI iterative methods for elliptic problems
Bi-parameter incremental unknowns (IU) alternating directional implicit (ADI) iterative methods are proposed for solving elliptic problems. Condition numbers of the coefficient matrices for these iterative schemes are carefully estimated. Theoretical ... Keywords: Bi-parameter ADI iterative method, Condition number, Convergence analysis, Incremental unknowns
Aili Yang; Yujiang Wu; Yongqing Wu; Dawei Ren
Distributed model-invariant detection of unknown inputs in networked systems
This work considers hypothesis testing in networked systems under severe lack of prior knowledge. In previous work we derived a centralized Uniformly Most Powerful Invariant (UMPI) approach to testing unknown inputs in unknown Linear Time Invariant (LTI) ... Keywords: invariant testing, networked systems
James Weimer; Damiano Varagnolo; Karl Henrik Johansson
Stimulation of static deconfined medium by multiple hard partons
We investigate the response of non-expanding deconfined hot matter to energy and momentum deposition from a pair of partons moving with high energies. Several situations are examined with partons moving so that the generated wakes in the medium interact. The resulting energy and flow profiles are studied. Such cases are relevant for nuclear collisions at the LHC where several hard partons are produced in a single collision and their contribution to collective expansion of the fireball may be important.
Martin Schulc; Boris Tomasik
Energy-efficient reservation-based medium access control protocol for wireless sensor networks
In Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs), a robust and energy-efficient Medium Access Control (MAC) protocol is required for high energy efficiency in harsh operating conditions, where node and link failures are common. This paper presents the design of a ...
Mikko Kohvakka; Jukka Suhonen; Timo D. H�m�l�inen; Marko H�nnik�inen
Small- and Medium-Sized Reactors
to essentially the same concept. As defined by the IAEA, a small reactor has an output electrical power of 300 MWe or less while a medium-sized reactor has an electrical power...
Special light trajectories in optical medium
The Fermat principle is used to define trajectories in nonhomogenous optical media. The Poincare model of the Lobachevskii geometry is derived. The index of refraction is determined for the light confined in the circular trajectory in the optical medium.
Miroslav Pardy
Ethanol production using a soy hydrolysate-based medium or a yeast autolysate-based medium
This invention presents a method for the production of ethanol that utilizes a soy hydrolysate-based nutrient medium or a yeast autolysate-based medium nutrient medium in conjunction with ethanologenic bacteria and a fermentable sugar for the cost-effective production of ethanol from lignocellulosic biomass. The invention offers several advantages over presently available media for use in ethanol production, including consistent quality, lack of toxins and wide availability.
Ingram, Lonnie O. (Gainesville, FL)
Medium effects on charged pion ratio in heavy ion collisions
We have recently studied in the delta-resonance--nucleon-hole model the dependence of the pion spectral function in hot dense asymmetric nuclear matter on the charge of the pion due to the pion p-wave interaction in nuclear medium. In a thermal model, this isospin-dependent effect enhances the ratio of negatively charged to positively charged pions in neutron-rich nuclear matter, and the effect is comparable to that due to the uncertainties in the theoretically predicted stiffness of nuclear symmetry energy at high densities. This effect is, however, reversed if we also take into account the s-wave interaction of the pion in nuclear medium as given by chiral perturbation theory, resulting instead in a slightly reduced ratio of negatively charged to positively charged pions. Relevance of our results to the determination of the nuclear symmetry energy from the ratio of negatively to positively charged pions produced in heavy ion collisions is discussed.
Che Ming Ko; Yongseok Oh; Jun Xu
Training Manual for Micro, Small and Medium Entrepreneurs in...
Training Manual for Micro, Small and Medium Entrepreneurs in Energy Business Financing Jump to: navigation, search Tool Summary Name: Training Manual for Micro, Small and Medium...
Georgia Power - Small and Medium Scale Advanced Solar Initiative...
Small and Medium Scale Advanced Solar Initiative (GPASI) (Georgia) Georgia Power - Small and Medium Scale Advanced Solar Initiative (GPASI) (Georgia) Eligibility Agricultural...
Probing the Intergalactic Medium with high-redshift quasars
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 1.7 A compilation of spectra from X. Fan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 1.8 The evolving brightness temperature of the 21 cm transition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 1.9 Summary of observational constraints... with through additions to the theory (e.g. inflation, as proposed by Guth, 1981). Improved data from satellites and ground-based measurements designed to measure the nearly homogeneous radiation field, known as the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB), have also...
Calverley, Alexander Peter
Vision-based guidance and control of a hovering vehicle in unknown environments
This thesis presents a methodology, architecture, hardware implementation, and results of a system capable of controlling and guiding a hovering vehicle in unknown environments, emphasizing cluttered indoor spaces. Six-axis ...
Ahrens, Spencer Greg
Category:MediumOffice | Open Energy Information
MediumOffice MediumOffice Jump to: navigation, search Go Back to PV Economics By Building Type Media in category "MediumOffice" The following 77 files are in this category, out of 77 total. SVMediumOffice Bismarck ND Montana-Dakota Utilities Co (North Dakota).png SVMediumOffice Bismarc... 72 KB SVMediumOffice Cedar City UT Moon Lake Electric Assn Inc (Utah).png SVMediumOffice Cedar C... 62 KB SVMediumOffice International Falls MN Northern States Power Co (Minnesota) Excel Energy.png SVMediumOffice Interna... 83 KB SVMediumOffice LA CA City of Los Angeles California (Utility Company).png SVMediumOffice LA CA C... 87 KB SVMediumOffice Memphis TN City of Memphis Tennessee (Utility Company).png SVMediumOffice Memphis... 65 KB SVMediumOffice Minneapolis MN Northern States Power Co (Minnesota) Excel Energy.png
Solar collector having a solid transmission medium
There is provided a radiant energy transmission device capable of operation in a concentrative mode in which energy incident on an entrance area is directed toward and concentrated on an exit area of smaller area than the entrance area. The device includes a solid radiant energy transmission medium having surfaces coincident with the entrance and exit areas and particularly contoured reflective side walls. The surface coinciding with the entrance area is coupled to a cover plate formed of a radiant energy transmissive material. An energy transducer is coupled to the surface of the medium coinciding with the exit area.
Schertz, William W. (Batavia, IL); Zwerdling, Solomon (Woodridge, IL)
Gamma-beam propagation in the anisotropic medium
Propagation of gamma-beam in the anisotropic medium is considered. The simpliest example of such a medium of the general type is a combination of the two linearly polarized monochromatic laser waves with different frequencies (dichromatic wave). The optical properties of this combination are described with the use of the permittivity tensor. The refractive indices and polarization characteristics of normal electromagnetic waves propagating in the anisotropic medium are found. The relations, describing variations of gamma-beam intensity and Stokes parameters as functions of propagation length are obtained. The influence of laser wave intensity on the propagation process are calculated. The gamma-beam intensity losses in the dichromatic wave depend on the initial circular polarization of gamma-quanta. This effect is also applied to the single crystals, which are oriented in some regions of coherent pair production. In principle, the single crystal sensitivity to a circular polarization can be used for determination of polarization of high energy (in tens GeV and more) gamma-quanta and electrons.
V. A. Maisheev
Gasoline and Diesel Fuel Update (EIA)
0 0 Summary Our short-term outlook for a wide array of energy prices has been adjusted upward as international and domestic energy supply conditions have tightened. We think that crude oil prices are as likely as not to end the year $2 to $3 per barrel higher than our previous projections. Thus, we think that the probability of West Texas Intermediate costing an average of $30 per barrel or more at midwinter is about 50 percent. On their current track, heating oil prices are likely to be about 30 percent above year-ago levels in the fourth quarter. Prices for Q1 2001 seem more likely now to match or exceed the high level seen in Q1 2000. Tight oil markets this year and an inherent propensity for high gas utilization in incremental power supply have resulted in rising North American natural gas
Virtual worlds as a medium for advertising
Online virtual worlds, such as Second Life, are rapidly becoming recognized as a technology of substantial future importance for marketers and advertisers. Many of these virtual worlds provide the potential medium for very rich and varied new and enhanced ... Keywords: MMOG, advertising, marketing, online game, second life, virtual world
Stuart Barnes
Key Words: India�s higher education sector, reforms in education, financing of India�s Education, Quality assurance in education, funding of higher education, regulating higher education The views expressed in the ICRIER Working Paper Series are those of the author and do not necessarily
Pawan Agarwal; Pawan Agarwal
Understanding temporal and spatial patterns of in-stream temperature can provide useful information to managing future impacts of climate change on these systems. This study will compare temporal patterns and spatial variability of headwater in-stream temperature in six catchments in the piedmont of North Carolina in two different geological regions, Carolina slate belt and Triassic basin. The NC Neuse River Buffer Rules were established in the 1990s to protect nutrient sensitive waters through maintaining and protecting existing buffers. These buffers can also moderate diurnal fluctuations and stream temperature maximums. In October 2007 six catchments ranging from 12 to 46 hectares (i.e., four on Hill Demonstration Forest and two on Umstead Research Farm) with perennial stream channels were outfitted with stream discharge, meteorological and water temperature monitoring equipment. There were similarities in winter and summer daily maximum stream temperature and mean diurnal fluctuations within the paired and larger watersheds. However, the winter and summer water temperature patterns varied significantly between geological regions. There were smaller ranges in summer diurnal fluctuations (e.g., 0.4 o C to 2.0 o C) compared to winter fluctuations (e.g., 0.3 o C to 4.7 o C) in all watersheds, suggesting that the trees along the riparian buffers are moderating the affects of air temperature on water temperature by reducing wide fluctuations in temperature. A regression model predicted that a 2 o C increase in daily maximum air temperature would increase daily maximum water temperature 0.6 o C to 1.0 o C in the winter and 0.2 o C to 0.8 o C in the summer between watersheds.
Developing and running Tcl scripts to control the Altera � Quartus � II software allows you to perform a wide range of functions, such as compiling a design or writing procedures to automate common tasks. You can use Tcl scripts to manage a Quartus II project, make assignments, define
Tcl Scripting
Neutral interstellar hydrogen in the inner heliosphere under influence of wavelength-dependent solar radiation pressure
S. Tarnopolski; M. Bzowski
Combustion chemical kinetics of biodiesel and related compounds (methyl and ethyl esters): Experiments and modeling � Advances and future refinements
Lucie Coniglio; Hayet Bennadji; Pierre Alex; Re Glaude; Olivier Herbinet; Francis Billaud
PPL Electric is a public utility company organized under the laws of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. It is a wholly owned subsidiary of PPL Corporation. PPL Electric owns transmission and distribution facilities located within PJM and currently serves approximately 1.4 million customers in 29 counties in eastern and central Pennsylvania. PPL Electric�s transmission system consists of approximately 5,000 miles of transmission lines and covers a service territory of approximately 10,000 square miles. PPL Electric is also the default supplier for retail customers within its service territory under Pennsylvania�s Electricity Generation Customer Choice and Competition Act, 66 Pa.C.S. � 2801, et seq. PPL Electric and its predecessors have been members of the PJM Regional Transmission Organization and its predecessor organizations since 1927. As such, PJM directs the operation of PPL Electric�s transmission facilities pursuant to the PJM Consolidated Transmission Owners Agreement. PJM provides transmission service over PPL Electric�s transmission facilities to customers under the PJM Tariff. PJM is divided into several different transmission zones and the annual transmission revenue requirement (�ATRR�) for each transmission zone is reflected in Attachment H of the PJM Tariff. The ATRR for each zone is used to establish rates for network and point-to-point transmission service within each zone and Transmission Enhancement Charges (�TECs�) pursuant to Schedules 12 and 12�Appendix of the PJM Tariff. PPL Electric currently recovers its transmission cost of service through a stated rate that is set forth in Schedules 7 and 8 and Attachment H-8 of the PJM Tariff, which establish, respectively, the point-to-point transmission rates for delivery to the PPL Group Zone 2 and the Network Integration Transmission Service (�NITS�) rates in the PPL Group Zone. PPL Electric shares the PPL Group Zone with UGI Utilities, Inc. (�UGI�), which recovers its ATRR through a formula rate, and Allegheny Electric Cooperative (�AEC�), which recovers its ATRR through a stated rate. 3 The rate for point-to-point service delivered to the PPL Group Zone or NITS within that zone is the sum of the individual rates for PPL Electric, UGI, and AEC. 4 PPL is not currently recovering TECs pursuant to Schedule 12 of the PJM Tariff.
Ms. Kimberly D. Bose; I. Background
On the spectrum of second order differential operators with complex coefficients B.M.Brown, D.K.R.M c Cormack Department of Computer Science,
M Plum
Sharing knowledge, experiences, and innovations in public-private partnerships in infrastructure Expanding the frontiers of telecom markets through PPP in Peru Lessons for pro-poor initiatives
Robert Stephens Jorge Bossio
organized and driven by a point of view. As one political scientist writes, "The study of politics is itself a political act containing little that is neutral. " Or natural! If you agree with that claim, then the next step is to figure out how much confidence one should have in any political research. By placing theoretically guided empirical tradition in its developmental and historical context, this
A novel mutation (T61I) in the gene encoding tumour necrosis factor receptor superfamily 1A (TNFRSF1A) in a Japanese patient with tumour necrosis factor receptor-associated periodic syndrome (TRAPS) associated with systemic lupus erythematosus
H. Ida; E. Kawasaki; T. Miyashita; F. Tanaka; M. Kamachi; Y. Izumi; M. Huang; M. Tamai; T. Origuchi; A. Kawakami; K. Migita; M. Motomura; T. Yoshimura; K. Eguchi
www.elsevier.com/locate/ijadhadh Anisotropic conductive films (ACFs) for ultra-fine pitch Chip-On-Glass (COG) applications
Myung Jin Yim; Jinsang Hwang; Kyung Wook Paik
doi:10.1093/heapol/czq009 Direct facility funding as a response to user fee reduction: implementation and perceived impact among Kenyan health centres and dispensaries
Antony Opwora; Margaret Kabare; Sassy Molyneux; Catherine Goodman
Polymer diodes require cathodes that do not corrode the polymer but do have low work function to minimize the electron injection barrier. First-principles calculations demonstrate that the work function of the (1000) surface of the compound Ca2N is half an eV lower than that of the elemental metal Ca (2.35 vs. 2.87 eV). Moreover its reactivity is expected to be smaller. This makes Ca2N an interesting candidate to replace calcium as cathode material for polymer light emitting diode devices. [PACS: 73.30 +y] 1 One of the great challenges for polymer light emitting diodes is the electron injection barrier as well as the performance degradation caused by chemical reactions of the cathode with the polymer. 1 State-of-the-art devices 2 use PPV (poly phenylene vinylene) as electro luminescence material. Often the cathode is made out of calcium, because of its low work function (2.87 eV) 3 and the presumed alignment of its Fermi level with the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital of PPV (electron affinity 2.73-2.8 eV). 4,5 Biases actually used are much higher than the optical band gap of PPV (2.4 eV) 6 namely in the order of 10 V, 1 which
These notes will cover the numerical solution of initial value problems (IVPs) and boundary value problems (BVPs) for ordinary differential equations (ODEs) and ordinary differential-algebraic equations (DAEs). We�ll review the basic problems of the subject and the minimum existence theory necessary to make numerical methods worthwhile. Then we�ll treat the construction, analysis and selection of numerical methods for IVPs and BVPs. We will also learn to use and build software packages which implement effective methods for IVPs and BVPs. Notes will be available from the URL
doi:10.1093/nar/gkj510 En masse nascent transcription analysis to elucidate regulatory transcription factors
Jinshui Fan; Ming Zhan; Jikui Shen; Jennifer L. Martindale; Xiaoling Yang; Tomoko Kawai; Myriam Gorospe
This paper develops a life-cycle portfolio allocation model to address the effects of housing investment on the portfolio allocation of households. The model employs a comprehensive housing investment structure, Epstein-Zin recursive preferences and a stock market entry cost. Furthermore, rather than resorting to calibration we estimate the value of the relative risk aversion and elasticity of intertemporal substitution. The model shows that housing investment has a strong crowding out effect on investment in risky assets throughout the life-cycle and predicts that homeowners are, by and large, wealthier than renters and invest more in risky assets than renters. JEL classification: G0, G11, G12, D10
Denis Pelletier; Cengiz Tunc; We Thank John Seater
In Nuclear Physics numerous possibilities exist to investigate fundamental symmetries and interactions. In particular, the precise measurements of properties of fundamental fermions, searches for new interactions in ?-decays, and violations of discrete symmeties offer possibilities to search for physics beyond Standard Theory. Precise measurements of fundamental constants can be carried out. Low energy experiments allow to probe New Physics at mass scales far beyond the reach of present accelerators or such planned for the future and at which predicted new particles could be produced directly. 1. Fundamental Forces and Symmetries Symmetries play an important and crucial role in physics. Global symmetries give rise to conservation laws and local symmetries yield forces [ 1]. To date we know four fundamental interactions: (i) Electromagnetism, (ii) Weak Interactions, (iii) Strong Interactions, and (iv) Gravitation. These four forces are fundamental in the sense that all observed dynamical processes in physics can be traced back to one or a combination of them. Together with fundamental symmetries they from a framework on which all physical descriptions ultimately rest.
Klaus P. Jungmann A; Kernfysisch Versneller Instituut
Solar proton burning, photon and anti�neutrino disintegration of the deuteron in the relativistic field theory model of the deuteron
A. N. Ivanov; H. Oberhummer; N. I. Troitskaya; M. Faber
Abstract�A new �model-free � control methodology is applied for the first time to power converters, and in particular to a buck converter, and to a ?uk converter. We evaluate its performances regarding load and supply variations. Our approach, which utilizes �intelligent � PI controllers, does not require any converter identification while ensuring the stability and the robustness of the control synthesis. Simulation and experimental results show that, with a simple control structure, insensitivity to power supply fluctuations and to large load variations is ensured. Index Terms�dc/dc converters, buck converters, ?uk converters, model-free control, intelligent PI controllers, numerical differentiation.
Lo�c Michel; C�dric Join; Michel Fliess; Pierre Sicard; Ahmed Ch�riti; Gr�i D�partement; G�nie �lectrique; G�nie Informatique
Indirect estimations and spatial variation in leaf area index of coniferous, deciduous and mixed forest stands in Forsmark
Torbern Tagesson; Svensk K�rnbr�nslehantering Ab; Laxemar; Torbern Tagesson
This article was published in an Elsevier journal. The attached copy is furnished to the author for non-commercial research and education use, including for instruction at the author�s institution, sharing with colleagues and providing to institution administration. Other uses, including reproduction and distribution, or selling or licensing copies, or posting to personal, institutional or third party websites are prohibited. In most cases authors are permitted to post their version of the article (e.g. in Word or Tex form) to their personal website or institutional repository. Authors requiring further information regarding Elsevier�s archiving and manuscript policies are encouraged to visit:
The effects of particle size, fermentation and roasting of cocoa nibs on supercritical fluid extraction of cocoa butter
(DOI: will be inserted by hand later) A broadband leptonic model for gamma-ray emitting microquasars
V. Bosch-ramon; G. E. Romero; J. M. Paredes
www.elsevier.com/locate/apthermeng Multi-period steam turbine network optimisation. Part I: Simulation based regression models and an evolutionary algorithm for finding D-optimal designs
Tor-martin Tveit; Carl-johan Fogelholm
managed by Martin Marietta Energy Systems, Inc. for the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC05840R2 1400r
Harold Greene; W. C. (charlie Kuykendall
www.elsevier.com/locate/paid Mediation of the effects of the big five personality dimensions on negative mood and confirmed affective expectations by perceived situational stress: A quasi-field study of vacationers
Avi Besser A; Todd K. Shackelford B
A comparison of delayed radiobiological effects of depleted�uranium munitions versus fourth�generation nuclear weapons
Andr� Gsponer; Jean-pierre Hurni; Bruno Vitale
A comprehensive detailed chemical kinetic reaction mechanism for combustion of n?alkane hydrocarbons from n?octane to n?hexadecane
Charles K. Westbrook A; William J. Pitz A; Olivier Herbinet A; Henry J. Curran A; Emma J. Silke A
This Newsletter is created by the National Energy Technology Laboratory and represents a summary of carbon sequestration news covering the past month. Readers are referred to the actual article(s) for complete information. It is produced by the National Energy Technology
By solving the right reflection equation proposed in reference[16] to describe the Z = 0 giant graviton branes, we obtain a boundary matrix with two free parameters for the AdS/CFT SU(1|1) spin chain.
Qingyong Lin; Guangliang Li; Yufei Huang
A re-evaluation of the role of killer whales Orcinus orca in a population decline of sea otters Enhydra lutris in the Aleutian Islands and a review of alternative hypothesesmam_156 1..22
www.elsevier.com/locate/jcp Neighbor list collision-driven molecular dynamics simulation for nonspherical hard particles. I. Algorithmic details
Ar Donev A; Salvatore Torquato A; Frank H. Stillinger C
Embeddings of the braid groups of covering spaces, classification of the finite subgroups of the braid groups of the real projective plane, and linearity of braid groups of low-genus surfaces
John Guaschi; Cep S�o; Paulo Sp Brazil
The individual actions that lead to maintenance incidents often reflect local conditions present in the workplace at the time of the action. Such conditions include: time pressure, fatigue, equipment deficiencies, teamwork, and group norms. Accurately identifying the nature of an error and the local conditions that prompted it is a critical step toward identifying how the system can be improved to prevent the problem from occurring again. Originally referred to as �defenses � by James Reason, risk controls are features put in place to manage hazards in the workplace. There are two main types of risk controls related to maintenance error � preventative risk controls and recovery risk controls. Preventative risk controls are intended to reduce the chance of unwanted events such as human error. Examples of preventative risk controls are training, task qualifications, or components designed to prevent incorrect installation. Recovery risk controls are designed to detect and recover from a dangerous situation once it has started to develop. Functional checks and duplicate inspections are examples of procedures designed to detect maintenance errors. Although maintenance occurrences usually involve errors made by technicians, investigations of aviation maintenance events also identify organizational-level factors such as: training and qualification systems; the allocation of resources; and the cultural or value systems that permeate the organization. Although they are unwanted events, errors are valuable opportunities to identify needed improvements and implement changes.
stream molecules. These include members of the JAK family of non-receptor kinases and a latent transcription factor, acute phase response factor or signal transducer and activator of transcription factor 3 (APRF/STAT 3) (9, 10). The gp130 signal transducer mediates biological effects exerted not only by IL-11, but also IL-6, oncostatin M (OSM), leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF), and cardiotrophin-1 (CT-1) (11, 12). Several lines of evidence suggest that IL-11 is an important osteotropic factor. IL-11 receptor transcripts are present in chondroblastic and osteoblastic progenitor cells during mouse embryogenesis (13). IL-11 itself is produced by human osteosarcoma SaOs-2 cells (14), and Girasole et al. (15) showed that IL-11 dose-dependently stimulated osteoclastlike multinucleated cell (OCL) formation in cocultures of
mstockstill on DSKH9S0YB1PROD with NOTICES Act applicable to registered entities. Further, the obligations, requirements and timetables prescribed in Commission rule 36.3(c)(4) governing core principle compliance by the IntercontinentalExchange, Inc., are not applicable to the NGPL TxOk Financial Basis contract with the issuance of this Order. This Order is based on the representations made to the Commission by the IntercontinentalExchange, Inc., dated
Billing Code P
A stochastic model for the semiclassical collective dynamics of charged beams in particle accelerators 1
Nicola Cufaro Petroni; Salvatore De Martino; Silvio De Siena; Fabrizio Illuminati
Continuous variable tangle, monogamy inequality, and entanglement sharing in Gaussian states of continuous variable systems
Gerardo Adesso; Fabrizio Illuminati
Inference of Planck action constant by a classical fluctuative postulate holding for stable microscopic and macroscopic dynamical systems
Salvatore De Martino A; Silvio De Siena A; Fabrizio Illuminati A
doi:10.1093/humrep/dei140 Chemokine expression is dysregulated in the endometrium of women using progestin-only contraceptives and correlates to elevated recruitment of distinct leukocyte populations
Rebecca L. Jones; Naomi B. Morison; Natalie J. Hannan; Hilary O. D. Critchley; Lois A. Salamonsen
This chapter presents an overview of landfilling as a waste management strategy in relation to the development of material-specific emission factors for EPA�s Waste Reduction Model (WARM). Estimates of the net greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from landfilling most of the materials considered in WARM and several categories of mixed waste streams (e.g., mixed paper, mixed recyclables and mixed municipal solid waste (MSW)) are included in the chapter. 1. A SUMMARY OF THE GHG IMPLICATIONS OF LANDFILLING When food scraps, yard trimmings, paper and wood are landfilled, anaerobic bacteria degrade the materials, producing methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2). CH4 is counted as an anthropogenic GHG because, even if it is derived from sustainably harvested biogenic sources, degradation would not result in CH4 emissions if not for deposition in landfills. The CO 2 is not counted as a GHG because is it considered part of the natural carbon cycle of growth and decomposition; for more information, see the text box on biogenic carbon in the Introduction & Background chapter. The other materials in WARM either do not contain carbon or do not biodegrade measurably in anaerobic conditions, and therefore do not generate any CH4. In addition to carbon emissions, some of the carbon in these materials (i.e., food scraps, yard
Carbon capture and storage technologies in the European power market We examine the potential of Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) technologies in the European electricity markets, assessing whether CCS technologies will reduce carbon emissions substantially in the absence of investment subsidies, and how the availability of CCS technologies may affect electricity prices and the amount of renewable electricity. To this end we augment a multi-market equilibrium model of the European energy markets with CCS electricity technologies. The CCS technologies are characterized by costs and technical efficiencies synthesized from a number of recent cost estimates and CCS technology reviews. Our simulations indicate that with realistic values for carbon prices, new CCS coal power plants become profitable, totally replacing non-CCS coal power investments and to a large extent replacing new wind power. New CCS gas power also becomes profitable, but does not replace non-CCS gas power fully. Substantially lower CCS costs, through subsidies on technological development or deployment, would be necessary to make CCS modification of old coal and gas power plants profitable.
Rolf Golombek; Mads Greaker; Sverre A. C; Ole R�geberg; Finn Roar
A human skin multifunctional O-acyltransferase that catalyzes the synthesis of acylglycerols, waxes, and retinyl esters
Chi-liang Eric Yen; Charles H. Brown Iv; Mara Monetti; Robert V. Farese
Unconstrained mining of transcript data reveals increased alternative splicing complexity in the human transcriptome
I. G. Mollet; Claudia Ben-dov; Daniel Fel�cio-silva; A. R. Grosso; Pedro Eleut�rio; Ruben Alves; Ray Staller; Tito Santos Silva; Maria Carmo-fonseca
Oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophy-like nuclear inclusions are present in normal magnocellular neurosecretory neurons of the hypothalamus
Maria T. Berciano; Nuria T. Villagra; Jose L. Ojeda; Joaquin Navascues; Anita Gomes; Miguel Lafarga; Maria Carmo-fonseca
issue was published. See our lead story about changes in our publication schedule, necessitated by our other activities, primarily the CCC2 conference. This is the first MRB issue of 2008. ? The cover is a schematic of the fission theory for formation of planets and major moons. The left column is the sequence of events viewed in-plane, and the right column is the same sequence viewed from above. ? This is your final opportunity to sign-up for our international �Crisis in Cosmology � 2 � (CCC2) conference from 2008 September 7-11 in Port Angeles, WA. Both participant and observer spaces remain available as of this writing, but may not remain so for very long. See
www.elsevier.com/locate/jsbmb Glucocorticoid mediated transcriptional repression of c-myc in apoptotic human leukemic CEM cells
Feng Zhou; Rheem D. Medh; E. Brad Thompson
nergy efficiency is a low-cost way to save money, E support job growth, reduce pollution, and improve the competitiveness of our businesses. We spend more than $400 billion each year to power our homes and commercial buildings. These buildings consume more than 70 percent of all electricity used in the United States�about 40 percent of our nation�s total energy bill�and contribute to almost 40 percent of the nation�s carbon dioxide emissions. Through the National Laboratories and a vast network of research and expert partners, the U.S. Department of Energy�s (DOE) Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy/Building Technologies Program works to continually develop innovative, cost-effective energy-saving solutions� better technologies, better building practices, and better ways to improve existing buildings in which we work, shop,
Arah Schuur
This article was published in an Elsevier journal. The attached copy is furnished to the author for non-commercial research and education use, including for instruction at the author�s institution, sharing with colleagues and providing to institution administration. Other uses, including reproduction and distribution, or selling or licensing copies, or posting to personal, institutional or third party websites are prohibited. In most cases authors are permitted to post their version of the article (e.g. in Word or Tex form) to their personal website or institutional repository. Authors requiring further information regarding Elsevier�s archiving and manuscript policies are encouraged to visit: http://www.elsevier.com/copyright Author's personal copy Available online at www.sciencedirect.com
Lars H�kanson A; Andreas C. Bryhn; Jenny M. Eklund
Multi-scale visualization and characterization of lignocellulosic plant cell wall deconstruction during thermochemical pretreatment��
The current issue and full text archive of this journal is available at www.emeraldinsight.com/1756-8692.htm
Frances C. Moore; Michael C. Maccracken
Heat dissipation sensors of variable length for the measurement of sap flow in trees with deep sapwood
Shelley A. James; Michael J. Clearwater; Frederick C. Meinzer; Guillermo Goldstein
Quinolonas y naftiridinas son conocidas como n�cleo base de distintas series de compuestos con actividad terap�utica, como antibi�ticos, anti-inflamatorios y analg�sicos. El estudio de las interacciones intramoleculares, como as� tambi�n las interacciones con el medio en que se encuentran disueltos son importantes para posteriores predicciones en relaciones cuantitativas de estructura-actividad (QSAR). Se realizaron estudios de efecto de solvente en espectroscop�a UV/vis a los siguientes compuestos
Detecci�n E Identificaci�n De; Interacciones Inter E; Intramoleculares En; Una Serie De; Juana Silber; Liliana Giacomelli; Y Rosa Cattana
Limitations to the superposition principle: Superselection rules in non-relativistic quantum mechanics
C Cisneros; R P Mart�nez-y-romero; H N N��ez-y�pez; A L Salas-brito
million gallons of ethanol production capacity is in service in Oregon, that after 90 days or a schedule determined through rulemaking, all gasoline sold in the state must contain 10 % volume of ethanol. The eastern side of the state will be the last to be phased into ethanol blend on 16 September 2008. In addition, HB2210 requires that all diesel fuel (except marine, locomotive and heating oil) must contain 2 % volume of biodiesel, once 5 million gallons per year capacity is in service for 3 months using Pacific Northwest feedstocks. Substantive misinformation is available to Oregonians regarding the impacts and benefits of this policy. The following addresses some of the areas of concern regarding corn based ethanol. Influence of Gasoline and Ethanol Cost and Price on the Economy Americans spent some $312 billion on about 160 billion gallons of gasoline in 2006. In 2007 they spent $526 billion for roughly the same amount of gasoline use. The forecast is for some 155 billion gallons of gasoline demand in 2008 with an annualized average cost of $3.89 per gallon for a sum of $602 billion
Elaboration and characterizations of platinum nanoparticles supported on cellulose-based carbon aerogel
Mines Paristech; Centre Mise; Forme Mat�riaux Cemef
We revisit the capability of the WR winds to eject these radionuclides using new models of single nonexploding WR stars with metallicity Z = 0.02. The earlier predictions for non-rotating WR stars are updated, and models for rotating such stars are used for the first time in this context. We find that (1) rotation has no significant influence on the short-lived radionuclide production by neutron capture during the core He-burning phase, and (2) 26 Al, 36 Cl, 41 Ca, and 107 Pd can be wind-ejected by a variety of WR stars at relative levels that are compatible with the meteoritic analyses for a period of free decay of around 10 5 y between production and incorporation into the forming solar system solid bodies. We confirm the previously published conclusions that the winds of WR stars have a radionuclide composition that can meet the necessary condition for them to be a possible contaminating agent of the forming solar system. Still, it remains to be demonstrated from detailed models that this is a sufficient condition for these winds to have provided a level of pollution that is compatible with the observations.
M. Arnould; S. Goriely; G. Meynet
The Defense Nuclear Facilities Safety Board (Board) has conducted a series of reviews at Department of Energy (DOE) sites since 2008 to evaluate the implementation of Integrated Safety Management (ISM) at the activity level. The Board has transmitted reports detailing deficiencies and weaknesses in the implementation of activity-level ISM in several site-specific letters to the National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA) and to the DOE Office of Environmental Management (EM). In your May 17, 2012, letter you reiterated DOE ' s commitment to complex-wide improvements in activity-level work planning and control and acknowledged the Energy Facility Contractors Group (EFCOG) effort to develop a work planning and control guideline document. The Board is encouraged by DOE's continued commitment and understands that DOE is currently evaluating the EFCOG document. The Board notes that DOE has recently solicited feedback from NNSA and EM site offices and headquarters organizations regarding this document. The Board has developed a detailed report, DNFSBffECH-37, Integrated Safety Management at the Activity Level: Work Planning and Control. This report is enclosed for
John E. Mansfield; Joseph F. Bader; The Honorable; Daniel B. Poneman
Ectodermal Wnt3/?-catenin signaling is required for the establishment and maintenance of the apical ectodermal ridge
Jeffery R. Barrow; Kirk R. Thomas; Oreda Boussadia-zahui; Robert Moore; Rolf Kemler; Mario R. Capecchi; Andrew P. Mcmahon
GLIS3, a novel member of the GLIS subfamily of Kru� ppel-like zinc �nger proteins with repressor and activation functions
Yong-sik Kim; Gen Nakanishi; Mark Lew; Anton M. Jetten
that Amendment No. 1 does not present a genuine issue as to whether public health and safety will be significantly affected. Therefore, the publication of a notice of proposed action and an opportunity for hearing or a notice of hearing is not warranted. Notice is hereby given of the right of interested persons to request a hearing on whether the action should be rescinded or modified. Further Information For further details with respect to this action, see the application dated March 5, 2008, and Amendment No. 1, which are available electronically, at NRC�s
To facilitate the review of the additional change in corporate structure and executive officers since NRC's acceptance (Reference 2) of our original request, Enclosure 1 reproduces our original NUREG-1556 license transfer information and detailed description for the affected document sections and indicates the small amount of new or changed text with revision bars in the right margin. The previously submitted Justification and Significance Determination are not affected by the corporate structure and personnel changes. Enclosure 2 provides a revised illustration of the new USEC corporate structure. USEC respectfully requests that the NRC accept the supplemental changes to our earlier request and consent to the transfers of control of licenses in accordance with 10 CFR 70.36, at NRC's earliest convenience. If you have any questions regarding this matter, please contact me at (301) 564-3470 or
Mr. Michael F. Weber; Darren E. Mays At; Peter Iner; J. Downs; Nrc Hq
Offshore wind farms are set to become a major part of our electricity supply in the UK. BWEA, the industry's representative body has, since the earliest discussions of the potential, been committed to ensuring that offshore wind farms are developed consistent with good environmental practice and that they win the support of local communities and other organisations. We believe that these goals can best be achieved by our industry working with communities, local authorities, Government agencies, NGOs, other stakeholder groups and all with an interest in the schemes. The Best Practice Guidelines: Consultation for Offshore Wind Energy Developments provide a useful tool for achieving these goals. We are particularly pleased that so many organisations have already agreed to put their names to this document. We trust that the guidelines will be used by everyone with an interest in a proposal. We are grateful to the dozens of organisations who have worked with us in preparing these guidelines and we'll be pleased to hear from you with your thoughts on how we can make this document even more useful as the industry grows and we learn more. By working together, we can ensure that offshore wind farms are developed with the highest level of participation, consultation and satisfaction.
Nick Goodall
.. 1205 banner hill road " erwin, tn 37650 iII phone 423.743.9141 aII www.nudearfuelservkescom www.nudearluelservices.com
Mr. Luis; A. Reyes; Regional Administrator
www.fuelfirst.com Pyrolysis of energy crops including alfalfa stems, reed canarygrass, and eastern gamagrass q
A. A. Boateng A; H. G. Jung B; P. R. Adler C
Hellholes � �What I call the �magic jurisdiction, � [is] where the judiciary is elected with verdict money. The trial lawyers have established relationships with the judges that are elected; they�re State Court judges; they�re popul[ists]. They�ve got large populations of voters who are in on the deal, they�re getting their [piece] in many cases. And so, it�s a political force in their jurisdiction, and it�s almost impossible to get a fair trial if you�re a defendant in some of these places. The plaintiff lawyer walks in there and writes the number on the blackboard, and the first juror meets the last one coming out the door with that amount of money.... These cases are not won in the courtroom. They�re won on the back roads long before the case goes to trial. Any lawyer fresh out of law school can walk in there and win the case, so it doesn�t matter what the evidence or law is. � 1 �Richard �Dickie � Scruggs, legendary Mississippi trial lawyer who built an empire of influence suing tobacco companies, HMOs and asbestos-related companies, but who has since been disbarred and sentenced to federal prison after pleading guilty to conspiracy in an attempt to bribe a judge. �West Virginia was a �field of dreams � for plaintiffs � lawyers. We built it and
Original article Niche overlap and diet breadth in bumblebees; are rare species more specialized in their choice of flowers?
Dave Goulson; Ben Darvill
External morphology and ultra-structure of eggs and first instar of Prepona laertes laertes (H�bner, [1811]), with notes on host plant use and taxonomy
Dias Et Al; O M S Dias A; Mirna M Casagr; Olaf H H Mielke C
Almuth Ernsting assesses the current social and environmental impacts of large-scale biofuel production and questions whether �sustainability standards � will be enough to prevent serious problems. Few people now doubt that some of the biofuels used in Europe are produced at the expense of rainforests and other biodiverse ecosystems and that those should not be promoted as �green energy�. Nobody would choose to buy biodiesel made from Colombian palm oil grown on illegal plantations owned by companies linked to paramilitaries which have killed, evicted and tortured local people to grab their land. Governments and international organisations are therefore keen to develop �sustainability standards�. In Europe, various countries including the UK are planning �reporting requirements � on environmental and social sustainability. The European Commission has proposed environmental standards, though they do not include human rights and food security. Can sustainability guarantees work and ensure that biofuels will contribute to climate change mitigation and socially just development? Scepticism has come from many grassroots organisations, non-governmental organisations (NGOs) and even a report published by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
period is herewith presented to your attention.The Annual Report in the Congress year differs from other years because of the change of Technical Commission Presidents.
to be well before the change in polarity of the solar polar magnetic fields. A list of the 80 flares used in this study is available from the authors. We obtained very similar results for the interval May 1967 to August 1972 and the interval
This guidance document describes the development of composting emission factors for EPA�s Waste Reduction Model (WARM). Included are estimates of the net greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from composting of yard trimmings and food scraps, as well as mixed organics and polylactide (PLA) biopolymer resin. 1 1. A SUMMARY OF THE GHG IMPLICATIONS OF COMPOSTING During composting, microbial decomposition aerobically transforms organic substrates into a stable, humus-like material (Brown and Subler, 2007). Although small-scale composting, such as backyard composting, occurs across the United States, WARM models composting only in central composting facilities with windrow piles because data for small-scale composting or other large-scale operations are insufficient. 2 WARM includes composting as a materials management option for yard trimmings, food scraps, and mixed organics. As modeled in WARM, composting results in some carbon storage (associated with application of compost to agricultural soils), as well as minimal carbon dioxide (CO 2) emissions from transportation and mechanical turning of the compost piles. To estimate the carbon storage from compost application, EPA selected point estimates from the range of emission factors covering various compost application
This article was published in an Elsevier journal. The attached copy is furnished to the author for non-commercial research and education use, including for instruction at the author�s institution, sharing with colleagues and providing to institution administration. Other uses, including reproduction and distribution, or selling or licensing copies, or posting to personal, institutional or third party websites are prohibited. In most cases authors are permitted to post their version of the article (e.g. in Word or Tex form) to their personal website or institutional repository. Authors requiring further information regarding Elsevier�s archiving and manuscript policies are encouraged to visit: http://www.elsevier.com/copyright Author's personal copy BIOLOGICAL CONSERVATION 140 (2007) 130 � 141 available at www.sciencedirect.com journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/biocon Developing terrestrial, multi-taxon indices of biological integrity: An example from coastal sage scrub
Jay E. Diffendorfer A; Genie M. Fleming A; Jennifer M. Duggan A; Robert E. Chapman A; Matthew E. Rahn A; Milan J. Mitrovich A; Robert N. Fisher B
Summary. We present preliminary results concerning the search for short-period variable stars in Tucana and LGS3 based on very deep HST/ACS imaging. In the fraction of the observed field we studied in each galaxy, a total of 133 and 30 variables were found, respectively. For Tucana, we identified 76 of them as RR Lyrae (RRL) stars pulsating in the fundamental mode (RRab) and 32 in the first-overtone mode (RRc), as well as 2 anomalous Cepheids (AC). The mean period of the RRab and RRc is 0.59 and 0.35 days, respectively. In the case of LGS3, we found 24 RRab and 4 RRc, with mean periods 0.61 and 0.39 days, respectively, plus two candidate ACs. These values place both galaxies in the Oosterhoff gap. 1
E. J. Bernard; M. Monelli; C. Gallart; G. Bertelli; S. Cassisi; A. A. Cole; P. Demarque; A. E. Dolphin; H. C. Ferguson; S. Hidalgo; M. Mateo; L. Mayer; Navarro F. Pont
doi:10.1093/humrep/deh473 Association of estradiol levels on the day of hCG administration and pregnancy achievement in IVF: a systematic review
Ioannis P. Kosmas; Efstratios M. Kolibianakis; Paul Devroey
doi:10.1093/humrep/den216 FSHB promoter polymorphism within evolutionary conserved element is associated with serum FSH level in men
Marina Grigorova; Margus Punab; Kristo Ausmees; Maris Laan
doi:10.1093/humrep/deh795 Serum fluctuations of total and free tryptophan levels during the menstrual cycle are related to gonadotrophins and reflect brain serotonin utilization
N. Carretti; P. Florio; A. Bertolin; C. V. L. Costa; G. Allegri; G. Zilli
Foreign body granuloma in the anterior abdominal wall mimicking an acute appendicular lump and induced by a translocated copper-T intrauterine contraceptive device: a case report
Maulana Mohammed Ansari; Syed Hasan Harris; Shahla Haleem; Rehan Fareed; Mohammed Feroz Khan
doi:10.1093/molehr/gah205 Splice variants of the relaxin and INSL3 receptors reveal unanticipated molecular complexity
Marco Muda; Chaomei He; Paolo G. V. Martini; Tania Ferraro; Sharon Layfield; Deanne Taylor; Colette Chevrier; Rene Schweickhardt; Christie Kelton; Peter L. Ryan
cases of rubella were notified in five municipalities in Republika Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina. Eight cases were laboratoryconfirmed by positive IgM against rubella virus*. Four virus isolates were obtained and identified as genotype 2B strains, with one isolate differing by a single mutation in the region of the E1 gene. This ongoing outbreak revealed gaps in the immunisation programme during the war in BiH (1992-1995) and highlights the need to revise legislation to permit immunisation of children above 14 years of age with measles, mumps, rubella (MMR) vaccine and to introduce supplemental immunisation activities.
A Novo; Who Country Office For Bosnia
www.elsevier.com/locate/bbagen IpaD is localized at the tip of the Shigella flexneri type III secretion apparatus
Musa Sani A; Anne Botteaux; Claude Parsot; Egbert J. Boekema A; Abdelmounaa�m Allaoui
Influence of subunit structure on the oligomerization state of light harvesting complexes: a free energy calculation study
L. Janosi A; H. Keer B; I. Kosztin A; T. Ritz B
www.elsevier.com/locate/gene Heart-speci�c splice-variant of a human mitochondrial ribosomal protein (mRNA processing; tissue speci�c splicing)
Probing the environment in Gamma-ray bursts: the case of an X-ray precursor, afterglow late onset and wind vs constant density profile in GRB011121 and GRB011211
L. Piro; M. De Pasquale; P. Soffitta; D. Lazzati; L. Amati; E. Costa; M. Feroci; C. Guidorzi; E. Montanari; L. Nicastro
Relation between the hardness ratio and time in the first 2 seconds for compatible samples of short and long gamma-ray bursts ?
newsletter inside this issue: president�s welcome a not so silent underwater world norway�s seabed goes online! listening to fish fertilising the oceans with iron interview with the new ices general secretary developing science for fisheries management in a changing climate managing fisheries in marine protected areas understanding �essential fish habitat� monitoring sea conditions with the help of lobster fishermen fishing for cephalopods bulletin boardICES CIEM Newsletter June 2006 �...it has been shown that the underwater background noise level on average doubled in intensity every six years in some parts of the oceans throughout the 1960s and �70s.� 2 President�s welcome A not so silent underwater world
A&A manuscript no. (will be inserted by hand later) Your thesaurus codes are: 03 (03.09.2; 03.19.2) Present and future gamma-ray burst experiments
K. Hurley
Optimizing root system architecture in biofuel crops for sustainable energy production and soil carbon sequestration
Jennifer Pc To; Jinming Zhu; Philip N Benfey; Tedd Elich
A review of research on forest-related environmental markets (including certification schemes, bioenergy, carbon markets and other ecosystem services)
P. Dargusch; T. N. Maraseni; P. Schmidt
Experimental design and computer simulation of multi-effect humidification (MEH)-dehumidification solar distillation H.P. Garg a *, R.S. Adhikari b, Rakesh Kumar b
asympTest: an R package for performing parametric statistical tests and confidence intervals based on the central limit theorem
J. -f. Coeurjolly; R. Drouilhet; P. Lafaye De Micheaux; J. -f. Robineau
Medium energy heavy ion operations at RHIC
As part of the search for a phase transition or critical point on the QCD phase diagram, an energy scan including 5 different energy settings was performed during the 2010 RHIC heavy ion run. While the top beam energy for heavy ions is at 100 GeV/n and the lowest achieved energy setpoint was significantly below RHICs injection energy of approximately 10 GeV/n, we also provided beams for data taking in a medium energy range above injection energy and below top beam energy. This paper reviews RHIC experience and challenges for RHIC medium energy operations that produced full experimental data sets at beam energies of 31.2 GeV/n and 19.5 GeV/n. The medium energy AuAu run covered two beam energies, both above the RHIC injection energy of 9.8 GeV but well below the standard store energy of 100 GeV (see table 1). The low energy and full energy runs with heavy ions in FY10 are summarized in [1] and [2]. Stochastic Cooling ([3]) was only used for 100 GeV beams and not used in the medium energy run. The efficiency of the transition from 100 GeV operation to 31.2 GeV and then to 19.5 GeV was remarkable. Setup took 32 h and 19 h respectively for the two energy settings. The time in store, defined to be the percentage of time RHIC provides beams in physics conditions versus calendar time, was approximately 52% for the entire FY10 heavy ion run. In both medium energy runs it was well above this average, 68% for 31.5 GeV and 82% for 19.5 GeV. For both energies RHIC was filled with 111 bunches with 1.2 10{sup 9} and 1.3 10{sup 9} ions per bunch respectively.
Drees, K.A.; Ahrens, L.; Bai, M.; Beebe-Wang, J.; Blackler, I.M.C.; Blaskiewicz, M.; Brown, K.A.; Brennan, M.; Bruno, D.; Butler, J.; Carlson, C.; Connolly, R.; D'Ottavio, T.; Fischer, W.; Fu, W.; Gassner, D.; Harvey, M.; Hayes, T.; Huang, H.; Hulsart, R.; Ingrassia, P.; Kling, N.; Lafky, M.; Laster, J.; Lee, R.C.; Litvinenko, V.; Luo, Y.; MacKay, W.W.; Marr, G.; Mapes. M.; Marusic, A.; Mernick, K.; Michnoff, R.; Minty, M.; Montag, C.; Morris, J.; Naylor, C.; Nemesure, S.; Pilat, F.; Ptitsyn, V.; Robert-Demolaize, G.; Roser, T.; Sampson, P.; Satogata, T.; Schoefer, V.; Schultheiss, C.; Severino, F.; Shrey, T.; Smith, K.S.; Tepikian, S.; Thieberger, P.; Trbojevic, D.; Tsoupas, N.; Tuozzolo, J.; van Kuik, B.; Wilinski, M.; Zaltsman, A.; Zeno, K.; Zhang, S.Y.
Advanced Vehicle Testing Activity: Medium- and Heavy-Duty Vehicles
Medium- and Medium- and Heavy-Duty Vehicles to someone by E-mail Share Advanced Vehicle Testing Activity: Medium- and Heavy-Duty Vehicles on Facebook Tweet about Advanced Vehicle Testing Activity: Medium- and Heavy-Duty Vehicles on Twitter Bookmark Advanced Vehicle Testing Activity: Medium- and Heavy-Duty Vehicles on Google Bookmark Advanced Vehicle Testing Activity: Medium- and Heavy-Duty Vehicles on Delicious Rank Advanced Vehicle Testing Activity: Medium- and Heavy-Duty Vehicles on Digg Find More places to share Advanced Vehicle Testing Activity: Medium- and Heavy-Duty Vehicles on AddThis.com... Home Overview Light-Duty Vehicles Medium- and Heavy-Duty Vehicles Transit Vehicles Trucks Idle Reduction Oil Bypass Filter Airport Ground Support Equipment Medium and Heavy Duty Hybrid Electric Vehicles
An Assessment of Nuclear Isomers as an Energy Storage Medium
Nuclear Isomers have been suggested as a potential high energy density medium that might be used to store energy. This talk assesses the state of the science supporting key elements of using nuclear isomers in energy storage applications. The focus is on the nuclear isomer {sup 178m2}Hf which has been most widely suggested for energy storage applications. However, the science issues apply to all nuclear isomer. The assessment addresses the production of the nuclear isomer, and inducing the release of the isomer. Also discussed are novel speculations on photon and/or neutron chain reactions, both as a 'pure' material as well as mixed with other materials.
Hartouni, E P
0 0 Highlights International Oil Markets Prices. We have raised our world oil price projection by about $2 per barrel for this month because of assumed greater compliance by OPEC to targeted cuts, especially for the second quarter of 2000 (Figure 1). The expected decline in world petroleum inventories continues (Figure 2), and, given the generally stiff resolve of OPEC members to maintain production cuts, any sign of a turnaround in stocks may be postponed until later this year than previously assumed (Q3 instead of Q2). Our current estimate for the average import cost this past January is now $25 per barrel, a nearly $15-per-barrel increase from January 1999. Crude oil prices are expected to remain at relatively high levels for the first half of 2000, but
Scaling Relations for Turbulence in Multiphase Interstellar Medium
We simulate the dynamics of phase transition in radiatively cooling interstellar gas in three dimensions with a high order hydrodynamic method. We have previously shown (Kritsuk & Norman 2002a) in simulations with non-equilibrium initial conditions that thermal instability induces supersonic turbulence as a by-product of the phase transition which leads to formation of multiphase medium. We rely on a generalization of the She & Leveque (1994) model to study velocity scaling relations in this decaying turbulence and compare those with analogous results for compressible isothermal turbulence. Since radiative cooling promotes nonlinear instabilities in highly supersonic flows, turbulence in our simulations tends to be more intermittent than in the isothermal case. Hausdorff dimension of the most singular dissipative structures, D, can be as high as 2.3, while in supersonic isothermal turbulence D is limited by a more primitive nature of dissipation (shocks): D<=2. We also show that single-phase veloci...
Kritsuk, A G; Kritsuk, Alexei G.; Norman, Michael L.
JC3 Medium Impact Assessment Bulletins
medium-impact-assessment-bulletins medium-impact-assessment-bulletins Office of the Chief Information Officer 1000 Independence Ave., SW Washington, DC 202-586-0166 en V-237: TYPO3 Security Bypass Vulnerabilities http://energy.gov/cio/articles/v-237-typo3-security-bypass-vulnerabilities V-237: TYPO3 Security Bypass Vulnerabilities TYPO3 comes with the possibility to restrict editors to certain file actions (copy, delete, move etc.) and to restrict these actions to be
Alternative Fuels Data Center: Medium-Duty Vehicle Idle Reduction
Alternative Fuels and Advanced Vehicles Data Center (EERE)
Medium-Duty Vehicle Medium-Duty Vehicle Idle Reduction Strategies to someone by E-mail Share Alternative Fuels Data Center: Medium-Duty Vehicle Idle Reduction Strategies on Facebook Tweet about Alternative Fuels Data Center: Medium-Duty Vehicle Idle Reduction Strategies on Twitter Bookmark Alternative Fuels Data Center: Medium-Duty Vehicle Idle Reduction Strategies on Google Bookmark Alternative Fuels Data Center: Medium-Duty Vehicle Idle Reduction Strategies on Delicious Rank Alternative Fuels Data Center: Medium-Duty Vehicle Idle Reduction Strategies on Digg Find More places to share Alternative Fuels Data Center: Medium-Duty Vehicle Idle Reduction Strategies on AddThis.com... More in this section... Idle Reduction Benefits & Considerations Heavy-Duty Vehicles Medium-Duty Vehicles
Boosting-based ensemble learning with penalty setting profiles for automatic Thai unknown word recognition
A boosting-based ensemble learning can be used to improve classification accuracy by using multiple classification models constructing to cope with errors obtained from preceding steps. This paper presents an application of the boosting-based ensemble ... Keywords: boosting technique, data mining, ensemble learning, unknown word recognition, word boundary detection
Jakkrit TeCho; Cholwich Nattee; Thanaruk Theeramunkong
Brief paper: Suboptimal control of linear stochastic multivariable systems with unknown parameters
An algorithm is proposed for suboptimal control of linear multivariable systems with unknown parameters and output noise covariances. This algorithm is based on the idea of explicitly separating the functions of identification, estimation and control. ... Keywords: Kalman filters, Multivariable control systems, canonical forms, controllability, discrete time systems, observability, parameter estimation, state estimation, state space methods, stochastic control
H. El-Sherief; N. K. Sinha
Robust 3D Face Tracking on Unknown Users with Dynamical Active Models
The Active Appearance Models [1] and the derived Active Models (AM) [4] allow to robustly track the face of a single user that was previously learnt, but works poorly with multiple or unknown users. Our research aims at improving the tracking robustness ... Keywords: Active Appearance Models, Face Animation, Face Tracking, Virtual Reality
Dianle Zhou; Patrick Horain
An autonomous hybrid robot system to navigate through unknown maze environments
This paper describes a fully complete autonomous hybrid robot system, named YAM (Yet Another Mouse), that is able to navigate through an unknown maze environment. YAM effectively tackles the problem of how to represent the environment using its sensor ... Keywords: intelligent agents, knowledge representation, path planning, robot competitions
Pedro Ribeiro
Chiral Restoration in the Nuclear Medium
The photoproduction of vector mesons on various nuclei has been studied using the CLAS detector at Jefferson Laboratory. The vector mesons, rho, omega, and [cursive phi], are observed via their decay to e+e?, in order to reduce the effects of final state interactions in the nucleus. Of particular interest are possible in-medium effects on the properties of the rho meson. The rho mass spectrum is extracted from the data on various nuclei, D2, C, Fe, and Ti. We observe no significant mass shift and some broadening consistent with expected collisional broadening for the rho meson.
C. Djalali; R. Nasseripour; D. P. Weygand; M. H. Wood
Nuclear medium effects from hadronic atoms
The state of the art in the study of pionic, kaonic and Sigmionic atoms, along with the in-medium nuclear interactions deduced for these hadrons, is reviewed. A special emphasis is placed on recent developments in antikaon-nuclear physics, where a strongly attractive density dependent antikaon-nuclear potential of order 150-200 MeV in nuclear matter emerges by fitting K^- atom data. This has interesting repercussions on antikaon quasibound nuclear states, on the composition of strange hadronic matter and on kaon condensation in self bound hadronic systems.
Friedman, E
Casimir force in the presence of a medium
We investigate the Casimir effect in the presence of a medium by quantizing the electromagnetic field in the presence of a magnetodielectric medium using the path-integral technique. For a given medium with definite electric and magnetic susceptibilities, explicit expressions for the Casimir force are obtained. The Lifshitz formula is recovered and in the absence of a medium the results tend to the original Casimir force between two conducting parallel plates immersed in the quantum electromagnetic vacuum.
Kheirandish, Fardin; Soltani, Morteza; Sarabadani, Jalal [Department of Physics, University of Isfahan, Isfahan 81746, Iran and Quantum Optics Research Group, University of Isfahan, Hezar Jarib Avenue, Isfahan 81746 (Iran, Islamic Republic of); Department of Physics, University of Isfahan, Isfahan 81746 (Iran, Islamic Republic of)
Three-Dimensional Studies of the Warm Ionized Medium in the Milky Way using WHAM
The Wisconsin H-Alpha Mapper (WHAM) is a high throughput Fabry-Perot facility developed specifically to detect and explore the warm, ionized component of the interstellar medium at high spectral resolution. It began operating at Kitt Peak, Arizona in 1997 and has recently completed the WHAM Northern Sky Survey (WHAM-NSS), providing the first global view of the distribution and kinematics of the warm, diffuse H II in the Milky Way. This H-alpha survey reveals a complex spatial and kinematic structure in the warm ionized medium and provides a foundation for studies of the temperature and ionization state of the gas, the spectrum and strength of the ionizing radiation, and its relationship to other components of the interstellar medium and sources of ionization and heating within the Galactic disk and halo. More information about WHAM and the Survey can be found at http://www.astro.wisc.edu/wham/.
R. J. Reynolds; L. M. Haffner; G. J. Madsen
Reynolds, R J; Madsen, G J
Neutrino Propagation in a Strongly Magnetized Medium
We derive general expressions at the one-loop level for the coefficients of the covariant structure of the neutrino self-energy in the presence of a constant magnetic field. The neutrino energy spectrum and index of refraction are obtained for neutral and charged media in the strong-field limit ($M_{W}\\gg \\sqrt{B}\\gg m_{e},T,\\mu ,| \\mathbf{p}| $) using the lowest Landau level approximation. The results found within the lowest Landau level approximation are numerically validated, summing in all Landau levels, for strong $B\\gg T^{2}$ and weakly-strong $B \\gtrsim T^{2}$ fields. The neutrino energy in leading order of the Fermi coupling constant is expressed as the sum of three terms: a kinetic-energy term, a term of interaction between the magnetic field and an induced neutrino magnetic moment, and a rest-energy term. The leading radiative correction to the kinetic-energy term depends linearly on the magnetic field strength and is independent of the chemical potential. The other two terms are only present in a charged medium. For strong and weakly-strong fields, it is found that the field-dependent correction to the neutrino energy in a neutral medium is much larger than the thermal one. Possible applications to cosmology and astrophysics are considered.
E. Elizalde; E. J. Ferrer; V. de la Incera
Stochastic Jet Quenching in High Energy Nuclear Collisions
Energy losses of fast color particles in random inhomogeneous color medium created in high energy nuclear collisions are estimated.
Kirakosyan, M R
Science Requirements and Conceptual Design for a Polarized Medium Energy Electron-Ion Collider at Jlab
Researchers have envisioned an electron-ion collider with ion species up to heavy ions, high polarization of electrons and light ions, and a well-matched center-of-mass energy range as an ideal gluon microscope to explore new frontiers of nuclear science. In its most recent Long Range Plan, the Nuclear Science Advisory Committee (NSAC) of the US Department of Energy and the National Science Foundation endorsed such a collider in the form of a 'half-recommendation.' As a response to this science need, Jefferson Lab and its user community have been engaged in feasibility studies of a medium energy polarized electron-ion collider (MEIC), cost-effectively utilizing Jefferson Lab's already existing Continuous Electron Beam Accelerator Facility (CEBAF). In close collaboration, this community of nuclear physicists and accelerator scientists has rigorously explored the science case and design concept for this envisioned grand instrument of science. An electron-ion collider embodies the vision of reaching the next frontier in Quantum Chromodynamics - understanding the behavior of hadrons as complex bound states of quarks and gluons. Whereas the 12 GeV Upgrade of CEBAF will map the valence-quark components of the nucleon and nuclear wave functions in detail, an electron-ion collider will determine the largely unknown role sea quarks play and for the first time study the glue that binds all atomic nuclei. The MEIC will allow nuclear scientists to map the spin and spatial structure of quarks and gluons in nucleons, to discover the collective effects of gluons in nuclei, and to understand the emergence of hadrons from quarks and gluons. The proposed electron-ion collider at Jefferson Lab will collide a highly polarized electron beam originating from the CEBAF recirculating superconducting radiofrequency (SRF) linear accelerator (linac) with highly polarized light-ion beams or unpolarized light- to heavy-ion beams from a new ion accelerator and storage complex. Since the very beginning, the design studies at Jefferson Lab have focused on achieving high collider performance, particularly ultrahigh luminosities up to 10{sup 34} cm{sup -2}s{sup -1} per detector with large acceptance, while maintaining high polarization for both the electron and light-ion beams. These are the two key performance requirements of a future electron-ion collider facility as articulated by the NSAC Long Range Plan. In MEIC, a new ion complex is designed specifically to deliver ion beams that match the high bunch repetition and highly polarized electron beam from CEBAF. During the last two years, both development of the science case and optimization of the machine design point toward a medium-energy electron-ion collider as the topmost goal for Jefferson Lab. The MEIC, with relatively compact collider rings, can deliver a luminosity above 10{sup 34} cm{sup -2}s{sup -1} at a center-of-mass energy up to 65 GeV. It offers an electron energy up to 11 GeV, a proton energy up to 100 GeV, and corresponding energies per nucleon for heavy ions with the same magnetic rigidity. This design choice balances the scope of the science program, collider capabilities, accelerator technology innovation, and total project cost. An energy upgrade could be implemented in the future by adding two large collider rings housed in another large tunnel to push the center-of-mass energy up to or exceeding 140 GeV. After careful consideration of an alternative electron energy recovery linac on ion storage ring approach, a ring-ring collider scenario at high bunch repetition frequency was found to offer fully competitive performance while eliminating the uncertainties of challenging R&D on ampere-class polarized electron sources and many-pass energy-recovery linacs (ERLs). The essential new elements of an MEIC facility at Jefferson Lab are an electron storage ring and an entirely new, modern ion acceleration and storage complex. For the high-current electron collider ring, the upgraded 12 GeV CEBAF SRF linac will serve as a full-energy injector, and, if needed, provide top
Abeyratne, S; Ahmed, S; Barber, D; Bisognano, J; Bogacz, A; Castilla, A; Chevtsov, P; Corneliussen, S; Deconinck, W; Degtiarenko, P; Delayen, J; Derbenev, Ya; DeSilva, S; Douglas, D; Dudnikov, V; Ent, R; Erdelyi, B; Evtushenko, P; Fujii, Yu; Filatov, Yury; Gaskell, D; Geng, R; Guzey, V; Horn, T; Hutton, A; Hyde, C; Johnson, R; Kim, Y; Klein, F; Kondratenko, A; Kondratenko, M; Krafft, G; Li, R; Lin, F; Manikonda, S; Marhauser, F; McKeown, R; Morozov, V; Dadel-Turonski, P; Nissen, E; Ostroumov, P; Pivi, M; Pilat, F; Poelker, M; Prokudin, A; Rimmer, R; Satogata, T; Sayed, H; Spata, M; Sullivan, M; Tennant, C; Terzic, B; Tiefenback, M; Wang, M; Wang, S; Weiss, C; Yunn, B
Study of solar and other unknown anti-neutrino fluxes with Borexino at LNGS
We report on the search for anti-neutrinos of yet unknown origin with the Borexino detector at the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso. In particular, a hypothetical anti-neutrino flux from the Sun is investigated. Anti-neutrinos are detected through the neutron inverse $\\beta$ decay reaction in a large liquid organic scintillator target. We set a new upper limit for a hypothetical solar $\\bar{\
G. Bellini; Borexino Collaboration
Building Technologies Office: Small- and Medium-Sized Building Automation
Small- and Medium-Sized Small- and Medium-Sized Building Automation and Control System Needs: Scoping Study Research Project to someone by E-mail Share Building Technologies Office: Small- and Medium-Sized Building Automation and Control System Needs: Scoping Study Research Project on Facebook Tweet about Building Technologies Office: Small- and Medium-Sized Building Automation and Control System Needs: Scoping Study Research Project on Twitter Bookmark Building Technologies Office: Small- and Medium-Sized Building Automation and Control System Needs: Scoping Study Research Project on Google Bookmark Building Technologies Office: Small- and Medium-Sized Building Automation and Control System Needs: Scoping Study Research Project on Delicious Rank Building Technologies Office: Small- and Medium-Sized Building
Alternative Fuels Data Center: Medium-Speed and Neighborhood Electric
Medium-Speed and Medium-Speed and Neighborhood Electric Vehicle (NEV) Definition and Access to Roadways to someone by E-mail Share Alternative Fuels Data Center: Medium-Speed and Neighborhood Electric Vehicle (NEV) Definition and Access to Roadways on Facebook Tweet about Alternative Fuels Data Center: Medium-Speed and Neighborhood Electric Vehicle (NEV) Definition and Access to Roadways on Twitter Bookmark Alternative Fuels Data Center: Medium-Speed and Neighborhood Electric Vehicle (NEV) Definition and Access to Roadways on Google Bookmark Alternative Fuels Data Center: Medium-Speed and Neighborhood Electric Vehicle (NEV) Definition and Access to Roadways on Delicious Rank Alternative Fuels Data Center: Medium-Speed and Neighborhood Electric Vehicle (NEV) Definition and Access to Roadways on Digg
Mission-Aware Medium Access Control in Random Access Networks
We study mission-critical networking in wireless communication networks, where network users are subject to critical events such as emergencies and crises. If a critical event occurs to a user, the user needs to send necessary information for help as early as possible. However, most existing medium access control (MAC) protocols are not adequate to meet the urgent need for information transmission by users in a critical situation. In this paer, we propose a novel class of MAC protocols that utilize available past information as well as current information. Our proposed protocols are mission-aware since they prescribe different transmission decision rules to users in different situations. We show that the proposed protocols perform well not only when the system faces a critical situation but also when there is no critical situation. By utilizing past information, the proposed protocols coordinate transmissions by users to achieve high throughput in the normal phase of operation and to let a user in a critical ...
Park, Jaeok
The chemistry of transient microstructure in the diffuse interstellar medium
Transient microstructure in the diffuse interstellar medium has been observed towards galactic and extragalactic sources for decades, usually in lines of atoms and ions, and, more recently, in molecular lines. Evidently, there is a molecular component to the transient microstructure. In this paper we explore the chemistry that may arise in such microstructure. We use a PDR code to model the conditions of relatively high density, low temperature, very low visual extinction and very short elapsed time that are appropriate for these objects. We find that there is a well defined region of parameter space where detectable abundances of molecular species might be found. The best matching models are those where the interstellar microstructure is young (10^4 cm^-3).
T. A. Bell; S. Viti; D. A. Williams; I. A. Crawford; R. J. Price
Medium energy charged particle data for evaluation
Medium energy charged particles incident on targets can cause a variety of nuclear reactions. Charged particle transport calculations require access to a large body of cross-section data which results in interest in an evaluated charge particle data library. Developing an evaluated data library can involve several steps. An index to the literature on measurements and theory is useful to locate information relevant to data evaluation. A computerized compilation of measurements facilitates the intercomparison of different experiments and the determination of how well data are known. Nuclear models, based on theory or phenonological evidence, are compared with experiment and where validated, are used to fill in regions where experimental data are not available. Finally, the selected data is placed into computer readable formats for use in transport calculations. 16 refs.
Turbulence in the Molecular Interstellar Medium
Abstract. The observational record of turbulence within the molecular gas phase of the interstellar medium is summarized. We briefly review the analysis methods used to recover the velocity structure function from spectroscopic imaging and the application of these tools on sets of cloud data. These studies identify a near-invariant velocity structure function that is independent of local the environment and star formation activity. Such universality accounts for the cloud-to-cloud scaling law between the global line-width and size of molecular clouds found by Larson (1981) and constrains the degree to which supersonic turbulence can regulate star formation. In addition, the evidence for large scale driving sources necessary to sustain supersonic flows is summarized.
Mark H. Heyer; Chris Brunt
Demonstration Abstract: WARP A Flexible Platform for Clean-Slate Wireless Medium Access Protocol Design
Demonstration Abstract: WARP A Flexible Platform for Clean-Slate Wireless Medium Access Protocol University Wireless Open-Access Research Platform (WARP) provides a high performance research tool for clean-slate provides a general environment for a clean-slate MAC/PHY de- velopment unlike other platforms which rely
Knightly, Edward W.
The Skill of ECMWF Medium-Range Forecasts during the Year of Tropical Convection 2008
This study uses the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) model-generated high-resolution 10-day-long predictions for the Year of Tropical Convection (YOTC) 2008. Precipitation forecast skills of the model over the tropics ...
Arindam Chakraborty
Analysis of Organic Rankine Cycle for Low and Medium Grade Heat Source
Organic Rankine cycle (ORC) is an effective technique to generate power from low and medium temperature heat source, including industrial waste heat, solar heat, geothermal and biomass etc. Advantages of ORC are high efficiency, simple system, environment ... Keywords: organic Rankine cycle, new energy, waste heat recovery
Zhonghe Han, Yida Yu
Exploring parallelization for medium access schemes on many-core software defined radio architecture
As multi-standard devices and high speed communication standards are emerging, timeliness requirements and flexibility for both baseband modem and medium access schemes are becoming essential. Software Defined Radios (SDRs), in this context, aim at offering ... Keywords: mac, many-core, parallelization, sdr platform
Xi Zhang, Junaid Ansari, Manish Arya, Petri M�h�nen
Evaluation at the medium energy region for Pb-208 and Bi-209
Medium energy nuclear data in the 1--1000 MeV range is necessary to accelerator applications which include spallation neutron sources for radioactive waste treatment and accelerator shielding design, medical applications which include isotopes production and radiation therapy, and space applications. For the design of fission and fusion reactors, the nuclear data file for neutrons below 20 MeV is available and well evaluated. Evaluated nuclear data for protons and data in the medium energy region, however, have not been prepared completely. Evaluation in the medium energy region was performed using the theoretical calculation code ALICE-P or experimental data. In this paper, the evaluation of neutron and proton induced nuclear data for Pb-208 and Bi-209 has been performed using ALICE-P, empirical calculations and new systematics for the fission cross section. The evaluated data are compiled for possible inclusion in the ENDF/B-VI High Energy File. 204 refs., 51 figs., 9 tabs.
Fukahori, Tokio; Pearlstein, S.
Medium-Term Risk Management for a Gas-Fired Power Plant
Medium-Term Risk Management for a Gas-Fired Power Plant Medium-Term Risk Management for a Gas-Fired Power Plant Speaker(s): Afzal Siddiqui Date: October 11, 2012 - 12:00pm Location: 90-1099 Seminar Host/Point of Contact: Chris Marnay Electricity sectors in many countries have been deregulated with the aim of introducing competition. However, as a result, electricity prices have become highly volatile. Stochastic programming provides an appropriate method to characterise the uncertainty and to derive decisions while taking risk management into account. We consider the medium-term risk management problem of a UK gas-fired power plant that faces stochastic electricity and gas prices. In particular, the power plant makes daily decisions about electricity sales to and gas purchases from spot markets over a monthly
Method for electrically producing dispersions of a nonconductive fluid in a conductive medium
A method for use in electrically forming dispersions of a nonconducting fluid in a conductive medium that minimizes power consumption, gas generation, and sparking between the electrode of the nozzle and the conductive medium. The method utilizes a nozzle having a passageway, the wall of which serves as the nozzle electrode, for the transport of the nonconducting fluid into the conductive medium. A second passageway provides for the transport of a flowing low conductivity buffer fluid which results in a region of the low conductivity buffer fluid immediately adjacent the outlet from the first passageway to create the necessary protection from high current drain and sparking. An electrical potential difference applied between the nozzle electrode and an electrode in contact with the conductive medium causes formation of small droplets or bubbles of the nonconducting fluid within the conductive medium. A preferred embodiment has the first and second passageways arranged in a concentric configuration, with the outlet tip of the first passageway withdrawn into the second passageway.
DePaoli, David W. (Knoxville, TN); Tsouris, Constantinos (Oak Ridge, TN); Feng, James Q. (Fairport, NY)
Archive Reference Buildings by Building Type: Medium office | Department of
Medium office Medium office Archive Reference Buildings by Building Type: Medium office Here you will find past versions of the reference buildings for new construction commercial buildings, organized by building type and location. A summary of building types and climate zones is available for reference. Current versions are also available. You can download ZIP files that contain the following: An EnergyPlus software input file (.idf) An html file showing the results from the EnergyPlus simulation (.html) A spreadsheet that summarizes the inputs and results for each location (.xls) The EnergyPlus TMY2 weather file (.epw). benchmark-v1.0_3.0-medium_office.zip benchmark-v1.1_3.1-medium_office.zip benchmark-new-v1.2_4.0-medium_office.zip More Documents & Publications Archive Reference Buildings by Building Type: Large office
Nonexistence of a universal quantum machine to examine the precision of unknown quantum states
In this work, we reveal a type of impossibility discovered in our recent research which forbids comparing the closeness of multiple unknown quantum states with any nontrivial threshold in a perfect or unambiguous way. This impossibility is distinct from the existing impossibilities in that it is a ''collective'' impossibility on multiple quantum states; most other ''no-go'' theorems are concerned with only one single state each time, i.e., it is an impossibility on a nonlocal quantum operation. This impossibility may provide new insight into the nature of quantum mechanics, and it implies more limitations on quantum information tasks than the existing no-go theorems.
Pang, Shengshi; Wu, Shengjun; Chen, Zeng-Bing [Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026 (China)
Pulse propagation through a dispersive intracavity medium
In this paper, we study theoretically the behavior of a pulse as it propagates through an intracavity fast-light medium. The method of using a transfer function to determine a pulse after it passes through a cavity is well known. However, this approach cannot be used to determine the behavior of the pulse inside the cavity. To circumvent this constraint, we use an approach that starts by finding a self-consistent solution for a monochromatic field of infinite spatial and temporal extents, and determine its amplitudes before, inside, and after the cavity. We then construct a Gaussian input pulse by adding a set of these waves, properly phased and weighted, to represent a moving pulse before the cavity. Adding these waves at various time intervals then yields the complete spatial profile everywhere, including before, inside and after the cavity. We first confirm the prediction of this model by analyzing the behavior of a pulse passing through an empty cavity, and comparing the prediction of the output with the ...
Yum, Honam; Shahriar, Selim
We derive general expressions at the one-loop level for the coefficients of the covariant structure of the neutrino self-energy in the presence of a constant magnetic field. The neutrino energy spectrum and index of refraction are obtained for neutral and charged media in the strong-field limit ($M_{W}\\gg \\sqrt{B}\\gg m_{e},T,\\mu ,| \\mathbf{p}| $) using the lowest Landau level approximation. The results found within the lowest Landau level approximation are numerically validated, summing in all Landau levels, for strong $B\\gg T^{2}$ and weakly-strong $B \\gtrsim T^{2}$ fields. The neutrino energy in leading order of the Fermi coupling constant is expressed as the sum of three terms: a kinetic-energy term, a magnetic-field neutrino-induced-magnetic-moment interaction term, and a rest-energy term. The leading radiative correction to the kinetic-energy term depends linearly on the magnetic field strength and is independent of the chemical potential. The other two terms are only present in a charged medium. For str...
Elizalde, E; De la Incera, V
Molecular cooling in the diffuse interstellar medium
We use a simple one-zone model of the thermal and chemical evolution of interstellar gas to study whether molecular hydrogen (H2) is ever an important coolant of the warm, diffuse interstellar medium (ISM). We demonstrate that at solar metallicity, H2 cooling is unimportant and the thermal evolution of the ISM is dominated by metal line cooling. At metallicities below 0.1 Z_solar, however, metal line cooling of low density gas quickly becomes unimportant and H2 can become the dominant coolant, even though its abundance in the gas remains small. We investigate the conditions required in order for H2 to dominate, and show that it provides significant cooling only when the ratio of the interstellar radiation field strength to the gas density is small. Finally, we demonstrate that our results are insensitive to changes in the initial fractional ionization of the gas or to uncertainties in the nature of the dust present in the low-metallicity ISM.
Glover, S C O
Light Vector Mesons in the Nuclear Medium
The light vector mesons ($\\rho$, $\\omega$, and $\\phi$) were produced in deuterium, carbon, titanium, and iron targets in a search for possible in-medium modifications to the properties of the $\\rho$ meson at normal nuclear densities and zero temperature. The vector mesons were detected with the CEBAF Large Acceptance Spectrometer (CLAS) via their decays to $e^{+}e^{-}$. The rare leptonic decay was chosen to reduce final-state interactions. A combinatorial background was subtracted from the invariant mass spectra using a well-established event-mixing technique. The $\\rho$ meson mass spectrum was extracted after the $\\omega$ and $\\phi$ signals were removed in a nearly model-independent way. Comparisons were made between the $\\rho$ mass spectra from the heavy targets ($A > 2$) with the mass spectrum extracted from the deuterium target. With respect to the $\\rho$-meson mass, we obtain a small shift compatible with zero. Also, we measure widths consistent with standard nuclear many-body effects such as collisional broadening and Fermi motion.
M. H. Wood; R. Nasseripour; D. P. Weygand; C. Djalali; C. Tur; U. Mosel; P. Muehlich; CLAS Collaboration
Advanced Vehicle Testing Activity - Medium and Heavy Duty Hybrid...
an electric vehicle. Medium and heavy duty HEV testing results to date are posted below. Vehicle Testing Reports INL Hybrid Shuttle Busses INL Hybrid Shuttle Busses INL Hybrid...
Medium Voltage Cable Aging Management Guide, Revision 1
Medium-voltage cables (5- to 35-kV rated cables) have provided reasonable service in nuclear power plants. However, there is a concern that cables that have experienced long periods of wet service might degrade and fail in service. Because most plants have had few problems with medium-voltage cable, little on-staff experience with medium-voltage cables exists at most sites. This report has been prepared to provide information that will be of practical use when questions concerning medium-voltage cable lo...
AEDG for Small to Medium Office Buildings: 50% Energy Savings...
Compliance Regulations Resource Center AEDG for Small to Medium Office Buildings: 50% Energy Savings in Office Buildings The 50% Advanced Energy Design Guide (AEDG) series...
El Paso Electric Company - Small and Medium System Renewable...
Place New Mexico Name El Paso Electric Company - Small and Medium System Renewable Energy Certificate Purchase Program Incentive Type Performance-Based Incentive Applicable...
Guidelines and Toolkits for Urban Transport Development in Medium...
Guidelines and Toolkits for Urban Transport Development in Medium Sized Cities in India Jump to: navigation, search Tool Summary Name: Guidelines and Toolkits for Urban Transport...
Medium energy pitch angle distribution during substorm injected electron clouds
Medium energy pitch angle distribution during substorm injected electron clouds A. A° snes,1 J, N. �?stgaard, and M. Thomsen (2005), Medium energy pitch angle distribution during substorm injected to obtain pitch angle resolved electron distribution data for measurements at energies 10 eV to 47 keV. [3
Bergen, Universitetet i
Optical antireflection of a medium by nanocrystal layers
Optical properties of a semi-infinite dielectric medium comprising a monolayer quasi-crystal of nanoparticles are considered. It is shown that imbedding a single layer of nano-objects regularly distributed in space under certain conditions may provide close to 100 % transmission of the medium in a wide spectral range. (nanooptics)
Shalin, A S [Ul'yanovsk State University, Ulyanovsk (Russian Federation)
Theory of Neutron Noise in a Temporally Fluctuating Multiplying Medium
Theory of Neutron Noise in a Temporally Fluctuating Multiplying Medium Lénárd Pál KFKI Atomic of Technology, Department of Nuclear Engineering SE-41296 Göteborg, Sweden Received January 18, 2006 Accepted) and those in a fluctuating medium (power reactor noise) have been traditionally considered as two separate
Pázsit, Imre
Programmable unknown quantum-state discriminators with multiple copies of program and data: A Jordan basis approach
The discrimination of any pair of unknown quantum states is performed by devices processing three parts of inputs: copies of the pair of unknown states we want to discriminate are respectively stored in two program systems and copies of data, which is guaranteed to be one of the unknown states, in a third system. We study the efficiency of such programmable devices with the inputs prepared with $n$ and $m$ copies of unknown qubits used as programs and data, respectively. By finding a symmetry in the average inputs, we apply the Jordan basis method to derive their optimal unambiguous discrimination and the minimum-error discrimination schemes. The dependence of the optimal solutions on the a prior probabilities of the mean input states is also demonstrated.
Bing He; J�nos A. Bergou
Incandescent Fluorescent Other Hours Used Total Low Medium High Unknown Short Long Compact Halogen Other Unknown Total 4,196 431 2,811 409 14 159 173 34 24 141 Unknown 104 11...
Evidence for dust emission in the Warm Ionised Medium using WHAM data
We have used the WHAM H_alpha survey and Leiden/Dwingeloo HI data to decompose the Far-infrared emission (from 100 to 1000 micron) at high Galactic latitude into components associated with the Warm Ionised Medium (WIM) and the Warm Neutral Medium (WNM). This decomposition is possible for the first time thanks to preliminary WHAM data that cover a significant fraction of the sky (about 10%). We confirm the first detection of dust emission from the WIM (Lagache et al. 1999) and show that the WIM dust temperature and emissivity are very similar to those in the WNM. The analysis suggests moreover that about 25% of the far-IR dust emission at high galactic latitude is uncorrelated with the HI gas. The decomposition again reveals a Cosmic Far-Infrared Background (CFIRB) which is determined for the first time from 100 to 1000 micron using two independant gas tracers.
Lagache, G; Reynolds, R J; Tufte, S L
G. Lagache; L. M. Haffner; R. J. Reynolds; S. L. Tufte
Commercialization of Medium Voltage HTS Triax TM Cable Systems
The original project scope that was established in 2007 aimed to install a 1,700 meter (1.1 mile) medium voltage HTS Triax{TM} cable system into the utility grid in New Orleans, LA. In 2010, however, the utility partner withdrew from the project, so the 1,700 meter cable installation was cancelled and the scope of work was reduced. The work then concentrated on the specific barriers to commercialization of HTS cable technology. The modified scope included long-length HTS cable design and testing, high voltage factory test development, optimized cooling system development, and HTS cable life-cycle analysis. In 2012, Southwire again analyzed the market for HTS cables and deemed the near term market acceptance to be low. The scope of work was further reduced to the completion of tasks already started and to testing of the existing HTS cable system in Columbus, OH. The work completed under the project included: � Long-length cable modeling and analysis � HTS wire evaluation and testing � Cable testing for AC losses � Optimized cooling system design � Life cycle testing of the HTS cable in Columbus, OH � Project management. The 200 meter long HTS Triax{TM} cable in Columbus, OH was incorporated into the project under the initial scope changes as a test bed for life cycle testing as well as the site for an optimized HTS cable cooling system. The Columbus cable utilizes the HTS TriaxTM design, so it provided an economical tool for these of the project tasks.
Knoll, David
Heating of the Intergalactic Medium by Primordial Miniquasars
A simple analytical model is used to calculate the X-ray heating of the IGM for a range of black hole masses. This process is efficient enough to decouple the spin temperature of the intergalactic medium from the cosmic microwave background (CMB) temperature and produce a differential brightness temperature of the order of $\\sim 5-20 \\mathrm{mK}$ out to distances as large as a few co-moving Mpc, depending on the redshift, black hole mass and lifetime. We explore the influence of two types of black holes, those with and without ionising UV radiation. The results of the simple analytical model are compared to those of a full spherically symmetric radiative transfer code. Two simple scenarios are proposed for the formation and evolution of black hole mass density in the Universe. The first considers an intermediate mass black hole that form as an end-product of Population III stars, whereas the second considers super-massive black holes that form directly through the collapse of massive halos with low spin parameter. These scenarios are shown not to violate any of the observational constraints, yet produce enough X-ray photons to decouple the spin-temperature from that of the CMB. This is an important issue for future high redshift 21 cm observations.
Saleem Zaroubi; Rajat M. Thomas; Naoshi Sugiyama; Joe Silk
Longitudinal singular response of dusty plasma medium in weak and strong coupling limits
The longitudinal response of a dusty plasma medium in both weak and strong coupling limits has been investigated in detail using analytic as well as numerical techniques. In particular, studies on singular response of the medium have been specifically investigated here. A proper Galilean invariant form of the generalized hydrodynamic fluid model has been adopted for the description of the dusty plasma medium. For weak non-linear response, analytic reductive perturbative approach has been adopted. It is well known that in the weak coupling regime for the dusty plasma medium, such an analysis leads to the Korteweg-de Vries equation (KdV) equation and predicts the existence of localized smooth soliton solutions. We show that the strongly coupled dust fluid with the correct Galilean invariant form does not follow the KdV paradigm. Instead, it reduces to the form of Hunter-Saxton equation, which does not permit soliton solutions. The system in this case displays singular response with both conservative as well as dissipative attributes. At arbitrary high amplitudes, the existence and spontaneous formation of sharply peaked cusp structures in both weak and strong coupling regimes has been demonstrated numerically.
Kumar Tiwari, Sanat; Das, Amita; Kaw, Predhiman; Sen, Abhijit [Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat, Gandhinagar - 382428 (India)
JC3 Medium Impact Assessment Bulletins | Department of Energy
Medium Impact Medium Impact Assessment Bulletins JC3 Medium Impact Assessment Bulletins RSS December 4, 2012 V-039: Samsung and Dell printers Firmware Backdoor Unauthorized Access Vulnerability Samsung has issued a security advisory and an optional firmware update for all current Samsung networked laser printers and multifunction devices to enhance Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) security. November 30, 2012 V-037: Wireshark Multiple Bugs Let Remote Users Deny Service Several vulnerabilities were reported in Wireshark. November 29, 2012 V-036: EMC Smarts Network Configuration Manager Database Authentication Bypass Vulnerability Two vulnerabilities were reported in EMC Smarts Network Configuration Manager. November 27, 2012 V-034: RSA Adaptive Authentication (On-Premise) Input Validation Flaws
Medium Power Lead Alloy Reactors: Missions for this Reactor Technology
A multiyear project at the Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology investigated the potential of medium-power lead-alloy-cooled technology to perform two missions: (1) the production of low-cost electricity and (2) the burning of actinides from light water reactor (LWR) spent fuel. The goal of achieving a high power level to enhance economic performance simultaneously with adoption of passive decay heat removal and modularity capabilities resulted in designs in the range of 600-800 MW(thermal), which we classify as a medium power level compared to the lower [~100 MW(thermal)] and higher [2800 MW(thermal)] power ratings of other lead-alloy-cooled designs. The plant design that was developed shows promise of achieving all the Generation-IV goals for future nuclear energy systems: sustainable energy generation, low overnight capital cost, a very low likelihood and degree of core damage during any conceivable accident, and a proliferation-resistant fuel cycle. The reactor and fuel cycle designs that evolved to achieve these missions and goals resulted from study of the following key trade-offs: waste reduction versus reactor safety, waste reduction versus cost, and cost versus proliferation resistance. Secondary trade-offs that were also considered were monolithic versus modular design, active versus passive safety systems, forced versus natural circulation, alternative power conversion cycles, and lead versus lead-bismuth coolant. These studies led to a selection of a common modular design with forced convection cooling, passive decay heat removal, and a supercritical CO2 power cycle for all our reactor concepts. However, the concepts adopt different core designs to optimize the achievement of the two missions. For the low-cost electricity production mission, a design approach based on fueling with low enriched uranium operating without costly reprocessing in a once-through cycle was pursued to achieve a long operating cycle length by enhancing in-core breeding. For the actinide-burning mission three design variants were produced: (1) a fertile-free actinide burner, i.e., a single-tier strategy, (2) a minor actinide burner with plutonium burned in the LWR fleet, i.e., a two-tier strategy, and (3) an actinide burner with characteristics balanced to also favor economic electricity production.
Neil E. Todreas; Philip E. MacDonald; Pavel Hejzlar; Jacopo Buongiorno; Eric Loewen
High Performance Window Attachments
High Performance Window High Performance Window Attachments D. Charlie Curcija Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory firstname.lastname@example.com 510-495-2602 April 4, 2013 2 | Building Technologies Office eere.energy.gov Purpose & Objectives Impact of Project: * Motivate manufacturers to make improvements in Window systems U-Factors, SHGC and daylighting utilization * Increase awareness of benefits from energy efficient window attachments Problem Statement: * A wide range of residential window attachments are available, but they have widely unknown
Skill of Medium-Range Hydrological Ensemble Predictions
A hydrological ensemble prediction system, integrating a water balance model with ensemble precipitation forecasts from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) Ensemble Prediction System (EPS), is evaluated for two Belgian ...
Emmanuel Roulin; St�phane Vannitsem
Compressing proteomes: the relevance of medium range correlations
We study the nonrandomness of proteome sequences by analysing the correlations that arise between amino acids at a short and medium range, more specifically, between amino acids located 10 or 100 residues apart; respectively. We show that statistical ...
Dario Benedetto; Emanuele Caglioti; Claudia Chica
Spatiotemporal Behavior of the TIGGE Medium-Range Ensemble Forecasts
Using the recently developed mean�variance of logarithms (MVL) diagram, together with The Observing System Research and Predictability Experiment (THORPEX) Interactive Grand Global Ensemble (TIGGE) archive of medium-range ensemble forecasts from ...
Zak Kipling; Cristina Primo; Andrew Charlton-Perez
Applying Strategic Sustainability: For Small and Medium Sized Enterprises.
??Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs) are an underutilised sector to disseminating sustainability within communities. Entrepreneurs are action-oriented individuals who enjoy challenges and act upon environmental� (more)
McElroy, Rachelle; Orozco, Itzel
Georgia Power - Small and Medium Scale Advanced Solar Initiative (GPASI)
Georgia Power - Small and Medium Scale Advanced Solar Initiative Georgia Power - Small and Medium Scale Advanced Solar Initiative (GPASI) (Georgia) Georgia Power - Small and Medium Scale Advanced Solar Initiative (GPASI) (Georgia) < Back Eligibility Agricultural Commercial General Public/Consumer Installer/Contractor Institutional Local Government Multi-Family Residential Nonprofit Residential Schools State Government Savings Category Solar Buying & Making Electricity Program Info Start Date 03/01/2013 State Georgia Program Type Other Incentive Provider GPASI Project Manager '''''Note: The application process for the small and medium scale solar programs began on March 1, 2013 and will continue through March 11, 2013. If completed applications exceed program capacity limit of 45 megawatts (MW), a lottery will be conducted, with Georgia Public Service Commission
Heat pipe effect in porous medium
In this thesis a parametric study of the thermal and hydrologic characteristics of the fractured porous tuffs at Yucca Mountain, Nevada was conducted. The effects of different fracture and matrix properties including permeability, thermal conductivity, specific heat, porosity, and tortuosity on heat pipe performance in the vicinity of the waste package were observed. Computer simulations were carried out using TOUGH code on a Cray YMP-2 supercomputer. None of the fracture parameters affected the heat pipe performance except the mobility of the liquid in the fracture. Matrix permeability and thermal conductivity were found to have significant effect on the heat pipe performance. The effect of mass injection was studied for liquid water and air injected at the fracture boundary. A high rate of mass injection was required to produce any effect on the heat pipe. The fracture-matrix equilibrium is influenced by the matrix permeability and the matrix thermal conductivity.
Joseph, M.
90.1 Prototype Building Models- Medium Office | Building Energy Codes
Models- Medium Office Models- Medium Office The ASHRAE Standard 90.1 prototype building models were developed by Pacific Northwest National Laboratory in support of the U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE's) Building Energy Codes Program. These prototype buildings were derived from DOE's Commercial Reference Building Models. This suite of ASHRAE Standard 90.1 prototype buildings covers all the Reference Building types except supermarket, and also adds a new building prototype representing high-rise apartment buildings.The prototype models include 16 building types in 17 climate locations for ASHRAE Standards 90.1-2004, 90.1-2007 and 90.1-2010. This combination leads to a set of 816 building models (in EnergyPlus Version 6.0). Also included is a scorecard for each prototype building. The scorecard is a spreadsheet that summarizes the
Biofuel Boundaries: Estimating the Medium-Term Supply Potential of Domestic Biofuels
Biofuel Boundaries: Estimating the Medium-Term SupplyAugust 22, 2007 Biofuel Boundaries: Estimating the Medium-significant amount of liquid biofuel (equivalent to 30-100%
Jones, Andrew; O'Hare, Michael; Farrell, Alexander
Heat transfer modeling at an interface between a porous medium and a free region.
??This work deals with the study of heat transfer between a porous medium and a free medium, using multi scale approaches. First, we derive the� (more)
D'hueppe, Ali�nor
Exploration of the comics medium developed for use on the internet.
??A new derivative of the comics medium may be created by incorporating computer and internet technology into the design process. Traditionally a printed medium, comics� (more)
Piana, Brian James
The impact of energy constraints on the medium access
Contemporary mobile devices are battery powered and due to their shrinking size and increasing complexity operate on a tight energy budget. Thus, energy consumption is becoming one of the major concerns regarding the current and upcoming wireless communication systems. On the other hand, the available bandwidth resources are limited and modern applications are throughput demanding, leading thus to strong competition for the medium. In this direction, we consider a stochastic contention based medium access scheme, where the devices may choose to turn off for some time in order to save energy. We perform an analysis for a slotted ALOHA scenario and we show that the energy constraints, if properly exploited, may reduce contention for the medium. Our results give valuable insights on the energy--throughput tradeoff for any contention based system.
Gkatzikis, Lazaros; Koutsopoulos, Iordanis
The neutrino self-energy in a magnetized medium
In this work we calculate the neutrino self-energy in presence of a magnetized medium. The magnetized medium consists of electrons, positrons, neutrinos and a uniform classical magnetic field. The calculation is done assuming the background magnetic field is weak compared to the $W$-Boson mass squared, as a consequence of which only linear order corrections in the field are included in the $W$ boson propagator. The electron propagator consists all order corrections in the background field. Although the neutrino self-energy in a magnetized medium in various limiting cases has been calculated previously in this article we produce the most general expression of the self-energy in absence of the Landau quantization of the charged gauge fields. We calculate the effect of the Landau quantization of the charged leptons on the neutrino self-energy in the general case. Our calculation is specifically suited for situations where the background plasma may be CP symmetric.
Alberto Bravo Garcia; Kaushik Bhattacharya; Sarira Sahu
Flow-induced channelization in a porous medium
We propose a theory for erosional channelization induced by fluid flow in a saturated granular porous medium. When the local fluid flow-induced stress is larger than a critical threshold, grains are dislodged and carried away so that the porosity of the medium is altered by erosion. This in turn affects the local hydraulic conductivity and pressure in the medium and results in the growth and development of channels that preferentially conduct the flow. Our multiphase model involves a dynamical porosity field that evolves along with the volume fraction of the mobile and immobile grains in response to fluid flow that couples the spatiotemporal dynamics of the three phases. Numerical solutions of the resulting initial boundary value problem show how channels form in porous media and highlights how heterogeneity in the erosion threshold dictates the form of the patterns and thus the ability to control them.
Mahadevan, Amala
Gamma-ray burst interaction with dense interstellar medium
Interaction of cosmological gamma ray burst radiation with the dense interstellar medium of host galaxy is considered. Gas dynamical motion of interstellar medium driven by gamma ray burst is investigated in 2D approximation for different initial density distributions of host galaxy matter and different total energy of gamma ray burst. The maximum velocity of motion of interstellar medium is $1.8\\cdot10^4$ km/s. Light curves of gamma ray burst afterglow are calculated for set of non homogeneous density, distribution gamma ray burst total energy, and different viewing angles. Spectra of gamma ray burst afterglow are modeled taking into account conversion of hard photons (soft X-ray, hard UV) to soft UV and optics photons.
Maxim Barkov; Gennady Bisnovatyi-Kogan
Demand response medium sized industry consumers (Smart Grid Project) | Open
response medium sized industry consumers (Smart Grid Project) response medium sized industry consumers (Smart Grid Project) Jump to: navigation, search Project Name Demand response medium sized industry consumers Country Denmark Headquarters Location Aarhus, Denmark Coordinates 56.162937°, 10.203921° Loading map... {"minzoom":false,"mappingservice":"googlemaps3","type":"ROADMAP","zoom":14,"types":["ROADMAP","SATELLITE","HYBRID","TERRAIN"],"geoservice":"google","maxzoom":false,"width":"600px","height":"350px","centre":false,"title":"","label":"","icon":"","visitedicon":"","lines":[],"polygons":[],"circles":[],"rectangles":[],"copycoords":false,"static":false,"wmsoverlay":"","layers":[],"controls":["pan","zoom","type","scale","streetview"],"zoomstyle":"DEFAULT","typestyle":"DEFAULT","autoinfowindows":false,"kml":[],"gkml":[],"fusiontables":[],"resizable":false,"tilt":0,"kmlrezoom":false,"poi":true,"imageoverlays":[],"markercluster":false,"searchmarkers":"","locations":[{"text":"","title":"","link":null,"lat":56.162937,"lon":10.203921,"alt":0,"address":"","icon":"","group":"","inlineLabel":"","visitedicon":""}]}
Feature - Fuel Economy for Medium- and Heavy-Duty Vehicles
New Report Looks at Fuel Economy for Medium- and Heavy-Duty Vehicles New Report Looks at Fuel Economy for Medium- and Heavy-Duty Vehicles heavy duty trucks Argonne researcher Aymeric Rousseau was part of a National Academy of Science (NAS) committee established to make recommendations on improving and regulating fuel consumption for medium- and heavy-duty vehicles. On March 31, the committee issued a report that evaluates various technologies and methods that could improve the fuel economy of these vehicles. As a system analysis engineer at Argonne's Center for Transportation Research, Rousseau contributed his expertise on vehicle modeling and simulation to the committee, which was comprised of 19 members from industry, research organizations and academia. Rousseau, who leads the development of Argonne's PSAT and Autonomie software tools, helped the committee determine how modeling and simulation tools can be used to:
Training Manual for Micro, Small and Medium Entrepreneurs in Energy
Training Manual for Micro, Small and Medium Entrepreneurs in Energy Training Manual for Micro, Small and Medium Entrepreneurs in Energy Business Financing Jump to: navigation, search Tool Summary LAUNCH TOOL Name: Training Manual for Micro, Small and Medium Entrepreneurs in Energy Business Financing Agency/Company /Organization: GVEP International Sector: Energy Focus Area: Renewable Energy, Non-renewable Energy Phase: Bring the Right People Together, Create a Vision, Determine Baseline, Evaluate Options, Develop Goals, Prepare a Plan Topics: Finance Resource Type: Training materials User Interface: Website Website: www.gvepinternational.org/sites/default/files/manual_for_sme_energy_fi Cost: Free UN Region: Eastern Africa Language: English The training manual is developed as a modular guide to enable energy entrepreneurs to acquire supplementary knowledge in order to expand their
Guidelines and Toolkits for Urban Transport Development in Medium Sized
Guidelines and Toolkits for Urban Transport Development in Medium Sized Guidelines and Toolkits for Urban Transport Development in Medium Sized Cities in India Jump to: navigation, search Tool Summary Name: Guidelines and Toolkits for Urban Transport Development in Medium Sized Cities in India Agency/Company /Organization: Asian Development Bank Focus Area: Governance - Planning - Decision-Making Structure Topics: Best Practices Complexity/Ease of Use: Not Available Website: sti-india-uttoolkit.adb.org/ Transport Toolkit Region(s): Asia Related Tools Promoting Clean Cars: Case Study of Stockholm and Sweden MOtor Vehicle Emission Simulator (MOVES) The World Bank - Transport ... further results Find Another Tool FIND TRANSPORTATION TOOLS This resource is designed to help decision makers and practitioners in states and municipal governments who are concerned with urban transport
Medium Impact Medium Impact Assessment Bulletins JC3 Medium Impact Assessment Bulletins RSS September 9, 2013 V-237: TYPO3 Security Bypass Vulnerabilities TYPO3 comes with the possibility to restrict editors to certain file actions (copy, delete, move etc.) and to restrict these actions to be performed in certain locations September 4, 2013 V-234: EMC RSA Archer GRC Open Redirection Weakness and Security Bypass Security Issue This fixes multiple vulnerabilities, which can be exploited to bypass certain security restrictions and to conduct spoofing attacks September 3, 2013 V-233: Red Hat update for JBoss Fuse This fixes multiple vulnerabilities, which can be exploited by malicious people to bypass certain security restrictions and cause a DoS. August 28, 2013 V-229: IBM Lotus iNotes Input Validation Flaws Permit Cross-Site Scripting
Safety and licensing for small and medium power reactors
Proposed new concepts for small and medium power reactors differ substantially from traditional Light Water Reactors (LWRs). Although designers have a large base of experience in safety and licensing, much of it is not relevant to new concepts. It can be a disadvantage if regulators apply LWR rules directly. A fresh start is appropriate. The extensive interactions between industry, regulators, and the public complicates but may enhance safety. It is basic to recognize the features that distinguish nuclear energy safety from that for other industries. These features include: nuclear reactivity, fission product radiation, and radioactive decay heat. Small and medium power reactors offer potential advantages over LWRs, particularly for reactivity and decay heat.
Trauger, D.B.
Increasing the Competitiveness of Small and Medium-sized Enterprises
Page Page Edit with form History Facebook icon Twitter icon » Increasing the Competitiveness of Small and Medium-sized Enterprises Through the Use of Environmentally Sound Technologies Jump to: navigation, search Tool Summary LAUNCH TOOL Name: Increasing the Competitiveness of Small and Medium-sized Enterprises Through the Use of Environmentally Sound Technologies: : Assessing the Potential for the Development of Second-generation Biofuels in the ESCWA Region Agency/Company /Organization: United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia Sector: Energy Focus Area: Renewable Energy, Biomass Topics: Market analysis, Policies/deployment programs, Background analysis, Technology characterizations Resource Type: Guide/manual, Lessons learned/best practices
Displacement by SV Waves in Fluid Saturated Medium
Dihydroxy benzenes are of considerable interest because the stabilities of the molecular H-bond as well as the interaction between the ? charges of the benzene ring and the OH group[1]. The three isomers of di-hydroxy benzene namely, catechol, resorcinol, ... Keywords: diffusion, density, insoluble and soluble mediums
Dennis Ling Chuan Ching; Zainal Abdul Aziz
Anisotropic MHD Turbulence in the Interstellar Medium and Solar Wind
Anisotropic MHD Turbulence in the Interstellar Medium and Solar Wind C. S. Ng Center for Magnetic (MHD) turbulence Observations in ISM and solar wind · Anisotropy due to magnetic field · Electron MHD turbulence #12;Interstellar turbulence From Cordes (1999) Observation: power law relation between electron
Ng, Chung-Sang
5.5 ENSEMBLE RE-FORECASTING : IMPROVING MEDIUM-RANGE FORECAST SKILL USING RETROSPECTIVE FORECASTS, Colorado 1. INTRODUCTION Improving weather forecasts is a primary goal of the U.S. National Oceanic predictions has been to improve the accuracy of the numerical forecast models. Much effort has been expended
Hamill, Tom
Technical Assistance for Small and Medium Sized Manufacturers
.iac.rutgers.edu U.S. Department of Energy Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Washington, DC 20585Technical Assistance for Small and Medium Sized Manufacturers As part of Save Energy Now, the Industrial Assessment Centers (IAC) provide energy, waste, and productivity assessments at no charge to small
Washington at Seattle, University of
Transportation and Handling of Medium Btu Gas in Pipelines
Coal-derived medium btu gas can be safely transported by pipeline over moderate distances, according to this survey of current industrial pipeline practices. Although pipeline design criteria will be more stringent than for natural gas pipelines, the necessary technology is readily available.
Abstract Multiphase fluid displacement in a porous mediumIntroduction Multiphase fluid displacement in a porous
Albright, N.
Abundant molecular gas in the intergalactic medium of Stephan's Quintet
Stephan's Quintet (SQ) is a system consisting of at least four interacting galaxies which is well known for its complex dynamical and star formation history. It possesses a rich intergalactic medium (IGM), where hydrogen clouds, both atomic and molecular, associated with two starbursts (refered to as SQ A and B) have been found. In order to study the extent, origin and fate of the intergalactic molecular gas and its relation to the formation of stars outside galaxies and Tidal Dwarf Galaxies (TDGs), we mapped with the IRAM 30m antenna the carbon monoxide (CO) towards several regions of the IGM in SQ. In both SQ A and B, we detected unusually large amounts of molecular gas (3.1 times 10^9 msun and 7 times 10^8 msun, respectively). In contrast, no significant CO detection was achieved towards HII regions south of the pair NGC 7318a/b despite their high H alpha luminosities. The molecular gas is very extended in both SQ A and SQ B, over areas of between 15 and 25 kpc. The CO clouds seem to have otherwise different properties and may be of a different nature. The integrated CO line of SQ A is in particular much wider than in SQ B. Its CO spectrum shows emission at two velocities (6000 and 6700 km s^{-1}) that are coincident with two HI lines. The strongest emission at 6000 km s^{-1} is however spatially offset from the HI emission and situated on a ridge south-east of the starburst region. In SQ B the CO emission coincides with that of tracers of star formation (halpha, 15 mu m and radio continuum). The CO peak lies slightly offset from the HI peak towards a steep HI gradient. This is indicating that the molecular gas is forming in-situ, possibly in a region of compressed HI, with subsequent star formation. The star forming region at SQ B is the object in SQ that most resembles a TDG.
Ute Lisenfeld; Jonathan Braine; Pierre-Alain Duc; Stephane Leon; Vassilis Charmandaris; Elias Brinks
Surface Oxidation and Dissolution of Metal Nanocatalysts in Acid Medium
One of the most important challenges in low-temperature fuel cell technology is improving the catalytic efficiency at the electrode-catalyst where the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) occurs. Platinum is the best pure catalyst for this reaction but its high cost and scarcity hinder the commercial implementation of fuel cells in automobiles. Pt-based alloys are promising alternatives to substitute platinum while maintaining the efficiency and life-time of the pure catalyst. However, the acid medium and the oxidation of the surface reduce the activity and durability of the alloy catalyst through changes in its local composition and structure. Molecular simulation techniques are applied to characterize the thermodynamics and dynamic evolution of the surface of platinum-based alloy catalysts under reaction conditions.1-10 A simulation scheme of the surface oxidation is proposed which combines classical molecular dynamics (MD) and density functional theory (DFT). This approach is able to reproduce the main features of the oxidation phenomena observed experimentally, it is concluded that the dissolution mechanism of metal atoms involves: 1) Surface segregation of alloy atoms, 2) oxygen absorption into the subsurface of the catalyst, and 3) metal detachment through the interaction with ions in the solvent. Therefore, to improve the durability of platinum-based alloy catalysts, the steps of the dissolution mechanism must be prevented. A versatile 3-D kinetic Monte Carlo (KMC) code is developed to study the degradation and dealloying in nanocatalysts. The results on the degradation of Pt nanoparticles under different potential regimes demonstrate that the dissolution depends on the potential path to which the nanocatalyst is exposed. Metal atoms detach from the boundaries of (111) facets expecting a reduction in the activity of the nanoparticle. Also, the formation of Pt hollow nanoparticles by the Kirkendall effect is addressed, the role of vacancies is crucial in the removal of the non-noble core that yields to hollow nanoparticles. To investigate the reasons for the experimentally found enhanced ORR activity in porous/hollow nanoparticles, the effect of subsurface vacancies on the main ORR activity descriptors is studied with DFT. It is found that an optimum amount of vacancies may enhance the ORR activity of Pt-monolayer catalysts over certain alloy cores by changing the binding energies of O and OH.
Callejas-Tovar, Juan
Bushing retention system for thermal medium cooling delivery tubes in a gas turbine rotor
Bushings are provided in counterbores for wheels and spacers for supporting thermal medium cooling tubes extending axially adjacent the rim of the gas turbine rotor. The retention system includes a retaining ring disposed in a groove adjacent an end face of the bushing and which retaining ring projects radially inwardly to prevent axial movement of the bushing in one direction. The retention ring has a plurality of circumferentially spaced tabs along its inner diameter whereby the ring is supported by the lands of the tube maintaining its bushing retention function, notwithstanding operation in high centrifugal fields and rotation of the ring in the groove into other circular orientations.
Mashey, Thomas Charles (Coxsackie, NY)
Effect of Brand Associations on Consumer Reactions to Unknown On-Line Brands
The temporal and spatial separation between on-line retail brands and their customers means that on-line transactions are characterized by uncertainty, anonymity, and lack of control. The resulting high perception of risk and fear of opportunism make ... Keywords: Brand Trust, Consumer Behavior, Degree Of Association, New On-Line Brands, Perceived Similarity.
Elena Delgado-Ballester; Miguel Hern�Ndez-Espallardo
In-medium nuclear interactions of low-energy hadrons
Experimental and theoretical developments of the last decade in the study of exotic atoms and some related low-energy reactions are reviewed, in order to provide information on the in-medium hadron-nucleon t matrix over a wide range of densities up to central nuclear densities. In particular, we review pionic deeply bound atomic states and related evidence for partial restoration of chiral symmetry in dense nuclear matter. The case for relatively narrow deeply bound atomic states for antikaons and antiprotons is made, based on the physics of strong nuclear absorption. Recent experimental suggestions for signals of antikaon-nuclear deeply bound states are reviewed, and dynamical models for calculating binding energies, widths and densities of antikaon nuclear states are discussed. Specific features of low-energy in-medium interactions of kaons, antiprotons and of Sigma hyperons are discussed, and suggestions to study experimentally Cascade atoms are reviewed.
E. Friedman; A. Gal
On fluid flow in a heterogeneous medium under nonisothermal conditions
An asymptotic technique, valid in the presence of smoothly-varying heterogeneity, provides explicit expressions for the velocity of a propagating pressure and temperature disturbance. The governing equations contain nonlinear terms due to the presence of temperature-dependent coefficients and due to the advection of fluids with differing temperatures. Two cases give well-defined expressions in terms of the parameters of the porous medium: the uncoupled propagation of a pressure disturbance and the propagation of a fully coupled temperature and pressure disturbance. The velocity of the coupled disturbance or front, depends upon the medium parameters and upon the change in temperature and pressure across the front. For uncoupled flow, the semi-analytic expression for the front velocity reduces to that associated with a linear diffusion equation. A comparison of the asymptotic travel time estimates with calculations from a numerical simulator indicates reasonably good agreement for both uncoupled and coupled disturbances.
D.W., Vasco
Programs for Small and Medium-Sized Manufacturers
The industrial sector represents a diverse grouping of companies that very significantly in their size and how they use energy. Industrial programs have tended to focus their efforts on customized incentives that capture large energy efficiency opportunities at each facility. While this approach works well for larger firms, the transaction costs of identifying and proposing projects for small and medium-sized manufacturers (SMM) is frequently prohibitive. As a result, programs have tended to focus on prescriptive rebates for equipment that do not address a significant portion of the energy use in these firms. However, number of innovative approaches exist, including quasi-prescriptive rebates, funding in-house energy managers, working through supply chains, and working through trade groups and market allies to provide services through trusted networks. This paper will summarize recent research on energy efficiency programs targeting SMMs and provide recommendation for program design to maximize energy savings for small and medium manufactures.
Trombley, D.
Envelope evolution of a laser pulse in an active medium
The authors show that the envelope velocity, v{sub env}, of a short laser pulse can, via propagation in an active medium, be made less than, equal to, or even greater than c, the vacuum phase velocity of light. Simulation results, based on moving frame propagation equations coupling the laser pulse, active medium and plasma, are presented, as well as equations that determines the design value of super- and sub-luminous v{sub env}. In this simulation the laser pulse evolves in time in a moving frame as opposed to their earlier work where the profile was fixed. The elimination of phase slippage and pump depletion effects in the laser wakefield accelerator is discussed as a particular application. Finally they discuss media properties necessary for an experimental realization of this technique.
Fisher, D.L.; Tajima, T.; Downer, M.C.; Siders, C.W.
Pauli blocking in the nuclear medium. pi. N transition matrix
We give an analytic expression for the in-medium nonstatic ..pi..N transition matrix in nuclear matter. Pauli blocking and spreading effects are included explicitly. Spin-flip terms are retained. We discuss the modifications of the free-space amplitude as a function of energy and density and show that large dynamical isospin effects are expected in pion scattering on heavy nuclei.
Moniz, E.J.; Sevgen, A.
Vehicle Technologies Office: Fact #369: April 25, 2005 Medium-Truck Miles
9: April 25, 9: April 25, 2005 Medium-Truck Miles by Age to someone by E-mail Share Vehicle Technologies Office: Fact #369: April 25, 2005 Medium-Truck Miles by Age on Facebook Tweet about Vehicle Technologies Office: Fact #369: April 25, 2005 Medium-Truck Miles by Age on Twitter Bookmark Vehicle Technologies Office: Fact #369: April 25, 2005 Medium-Truck Miles by Age on Google Bookmark Vehicle Technologies Office: Fact #369: April 25, 2005 Medium-Truck Miles by Age on Delicious Rank Vehicle Technologies Office: Fact #369: April 25, 2005 Medium-Truck Miles by Age on Digg Find More places to share Vehicle Technologies Office: Fact #369: April 25, 2005 Medium-Truck Miles by Age on AddThis.com... Fact #369: April 25, 2005 Medium-Truck Miles by Age Medium trucks (class 3-6) were driven an average of 14,439 miles in 2002.
Commercial Reference Building: Medium Office | OpenEI
Medium Office Medium Office Dataset Summary Description Commercial reference buildings provide complete descriptions for whole building energy analysis using EnergyPlus simulation software. Included here is data pertaining to the reference building type Medium Office for each of the 16 climate zones, and each of three construction categories: new construction, post-1980 construction existing buildings, pre-1980 construction existing buildings. The dataset includes four key components: building summary, zone summary, location summary and a picture. Building summary includes details about: form, fabric, and HVAC. Zone summary includes details such as: area, volume, lighting, and occupants for all types of zones in the building. Location summary includes key building information as it pertains to each climate zone, including: fabric and HVAC details, utility costs, energy end use, and peak energy demand.In total, DOE developed 16 reference building types that represent approximately 70% of commercial buildings in the U.S.; for each type, building models are available for three categories: new construction, post-1980 construction existing buildings, pre-1980 construction existing buildings. The commercial reference buildings (formerly known as commercial building benchmark models) were developed by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), in conjunction with three of its national laboratories.Additional data is available directly from DOE's Energy Efficiency & Renewable Energy (EERE) Website, including EnergyPlus software input files (.idf) and results of the EnergyPlus simulations (.html).
El Paso Electric Company - Small and Medium System Renewable Energy
El Paso Electric Company - Small and Medium System Renewable Energy El Paso Electric Company - Small and Medium System Renewable Energy Certificate Purchase Program El Paso Electric Company - Small and Medium System Renewable Energy Certificate Purchase Program < Back Eligibility Commercial Fed. Government Industrial Nonprofit Residential State Government Savings Category Energy Sources Buying & Making Electricity Solar Wind Program Info Start Date 3/1/2009 State New Mexico Program Type Performance-Based Incentive Rebate Amount Systems 10 kW or less: PV: $0.04/kWh for RECs produced for a period of 8 years Wind: $0.03 /kWh for RECs produced for a period of 8 years Systems greater than 10 kW and up to 100 kW: PV: $0.04/kWh for RECs produced for a period of 8 years Wind: $0.02 /kWh for RECs produced for a period of 8 years Systems greater than 100 kW and up to 1,000 kW:
Fractal nature of medium-range order in metallic glasses
The atomic structure of metallic glasses has been a long-standing scientific mystery. Unlike crystalline metals, where long-range ordering is established by periodic stacking of fundamental building blocks known as unit cells, a metallic glass has no long-range translational order, although some degrees of short- and medium-range order do exist.1,2,3 Previous studies1,2,3,4 have identified solute-centered clusters, characterized by short-range order (SRO) in favor of unlike bonds, as the fundamental building blocks of metallic glasses. However, how these building blocks are connected or packed to form the medium range order (MRO) remains an open question.1,2,3 Here, based on neutron and x-ray diffraction experiments, we propose a new packing scheme - the self-similar packing of atomic clusters. We show that MRO has the characteristics of a fractal network with a dimension of 2.38, and is described by a power-law correlation function over the medium-range length scale. Our finding provides a new prospective of order in disordered materials and has broad implications for understanding the structure-property relationship in metallic glasses, particularly those involving change in length scales due to phase transformation and mechanical deformation.
Ma, Dong [ORNL; Stoica, Alexandru Dan [ORNL; Wang, Xun-Li [ORNL
Ventilation, temperature, and HVAC characteristics in small and medium
Ventilation, temperature, and HVAC characteristics in small and medium Ventilation, temperature, and HVAC characteristics in small and medium commercial buildings in California Title Ventilation, temperature, and HVAC characteristics in small and medium commercial buildings in California Publication Type Journal Article Refereed Designation Refereed Year of Publication 2012 Authors Bennett, Deborah H., William J. Fisk, Michael G. Apte, X. Wu, Amber L. Trout, David Faulkner, and Douglas P. Sullivan Journal Indoor Air Volume 22 Issue 4 Pagination 309-20 Abstract This field study of 37 small and medium commercial buildings throughout California obtained information on ventilation rate, temperature, and heating, ventilating, and air-conditioning (HVAC) system characteristics. The study included seven retail establishments; five restaurants; eight offices; two each of gas stations, hair salons, healthcare facilities, grocery stores, dental offices, and fitness centers; and five other buildings. Fourteen (38%) of the buildings either could not or did not provide outdoor air through the HVAC system. The air exchange rate averaged 1.6 (s.d. = 1.7) exchanges per hour and was similar between buildings with and without outdoor air supplied through the HVAC system, indicating that some buildings have significant leakage or ventilation through open windows and doors. Not all buildings had sufficient air exchange to meet ASHRAE 62.1 Standards, including buildings used for fitness centers, hair salons, offices, and retail establishments. The majority of the time, buildings were within the ASHRAE temperature comfort range. Offices were frequently overcooled in the summer. All of the buildings had filters, but over half the buildings had a filter with a minimum efficiency reporting value rating of 4 or lower, which are not very effective for removing fine particles. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS: Most U.S. commercial buildings (96%) are small- to medium-sized, using nearly 18% of the country's energy, and sheltering a large population daily. Little is known about the ventilation systems in these buildings. This study found a wide variety of ventilation conditions, with many buildings failing to meet relevant ventilation standards. Regulators may want to consider implementing more complete building inspections at commissioning and point of sale.
Information storage medium and method of recording and retrieving information thereon
Information storage medium comprising a semiconductor doped with first and second impurities or dopants. Preferably, one of the impurities is introduced by ion implantation. Conductive electrodes are photolithographically formed on the surface of the medium. Information is recorded on the medium by selectively applying a focused laser beam to discrete regions of the medium surface so as to anneal discrete regions of the medium containing lattice defects introduced by the ion-implanted impurity. Information is retrieved from the storage medium by applying a focused laser beam to annealed and non-annealed regions so as to produce a photovoltaic signal at each region.
Marchant, D. D. (Richland, WA); Begej, Stefan (Amherst, MA)
Analysis of unknown materials with prompt gamma-ray activation analysis (PGAA)
To assay the degradation of high explosives (HE) by a material-loss mechanism, prompt gamma activation analysis (PGAA), using a miniature neutron accelerator developed at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL) is proposed. Whereas the PGAA signatures from carbon and nitrogen in the chemical matrices are relatively low, fast neutrons may be used due to the higher cross sections for interaction. By using the upgraded PGAA database developed by the Isotope Projects Group at LBNL in collaboration with new PGAA data obtained at the Institute of Isotope and Surface Chemistry in Budapest, Hungary, it should be possible to observe and potentially to quantify a macroscopic loss of mass in HE.
English, Gerald; Firestone, Richard
Long-Term Operations: Ethylene Propylene Rubber (EPR) Insulation Accelerated Aging Methodology Research for Medium-Voltage Cables
Ethylene propylene rubber�insulated (EPR-insulated) cables are the most common type of medium-voltage cables in U.S. plants. Accelerating the aging of EPR insulations has proven difficult. The research described in this report attempted alternative ways to accelerate the aging of EPR insulation in hopes of achieving a better method. Stresses�such as lower temperature, high-conductivity water, and additional voltage�were used to accelerate aging in a generic EPR cable. Additionally, ...
Southern Hemisphere Medium-Range Forecast Skill and Predictability: A Comparison of Two Operational Models
The skill of two global numerical weather prediction models, the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) medium-range forecast model and the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) operational model, has been ...
James A. Renwick; Craig S. Thompson
Vehicle Technologies Office: Fact #229: August 12, 2002 Medium and Heavy
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Alternative Fuels Data Center: Medium-Speed Electric Vehicle (EV) Access to
Medium-Speed Electric Medium-Speed Electric Vehicle (EV) Access to Roadways to someone by E-mail Share Alternative Fuels Data Center: Medium-Speed Electric Vehicle (EV) Access to Roadways on Facebook Tweet about Alternative Fuels Data Center: Medium-Speed Electric Vehicle (EV) Access to Roadways on Twitter Bookmark Alternative Fuels Data Center: Medium-Speed Electric Vehicle (EV) Access to Roadways on Google Bookmark Alternative Fuels Data Center: Medium-Speed Electric Vehicle (EV) Access to Roadways on Delicious Rank Alternative Fuels Data Center: Medium-Speed Electric Vehicle (EV) Access to Roadways on Digg Find More places to share Alternative Fuels Data Center: Medium-Speed Electric Vehicle (EV) Access to Roadways on AddThis.com... More in this section... Federal State Advanced Search
Alternative Fuels Data Center: Low- and Medium-Speed Vehicle Access to
Low- and Medium-Speed Low- and Medium-Speed Vehicle Access to Roadways to someone by E-mail Share Alternative Fuels Data Center: Low- and Medium-Speed Vehicle Access to Roadways on Facebook Tweet about Alternative Fuels Data Center: Low- and Medium-Speed Vehicle Access to Roadways on Twitter Bookmark Alternative Fuels Data Center: Low- and Medium-Speed Vehicle Access to Roadways on Google Bookmark Alternative Fuels Data Center: Low- and Medium-Speed Vehicle Access to Roadways on Delicious Rank Alternative Fuels Data Center: Low- and Medium-Speed Vehicle Access to Roadways on Digg Find More places to share Alternative Fuels Data Center: Low- and Medium-Speed Vehicle Access to Roadways on AddThis.com... More in this section... Federal State Advanced Search All Laws & Incentives Sorted by Type
Medium-Energy Nuclear Data Library (MENDLIB): Phase 1
This document describes an initial step towards the formation of a computerized on-line data library, which would contain published medium-energy experimental data, and which would serve the basic and applied needs of the medium-energy nuclear physics community. The data emphasized in this project will be from measured charged-particle and meson induced nuclear scattering and reactions; an area for which no such data base presently exists. Access to the data will be through a menu-driven program in a user-friendly environment. The project is divided into three phases: Phase 1 involves compilation of Clinton P. Anderson Meson Physics Facility (LAMPF) data from nucleon and pion induced reactions, Phase 2 includes nucleon and pion data from other medium-energy facilities, and Phase 3 includes electron, light-ion, and possibly kaon and anti-nucleon data. The initial goals, the manner in which they would be pursued, and the resources needed to implement Phase 1 (the pilot phase) are discussed in detail. Possible expansion of Phase 1 to attain the envisioned goals of Phase 2 and 3 are briefly outlined. During all stages of the project, input from the community will be sought via the various facility user groups and the American Physical Society Division of Nuclear Physics. It is proposed that the Applied Nuclear Science Group (T-2) of the Los Alamos National Laboratory oversees the development and implementation of this project, and the LAMPF VAX computers be used as the host computers for on-line access.
Siciliano, E.R.; Arthur, E.D.
Coal liquefaction in an inorganic-organic medium
Improved process for liquefaction of coal by contacting pulverized coal in an inorganic-organic medium solvent system containing a ZnCl.sub.2 catalyst, a polar solvent with the structure RX where X is one of the elements O, N, S or P, and R is hydrogen or a lower hydrocarbon radical; the solvent system can contain a hydrogen donor solvent (and must when RX is water) which is immiscible in the ZnCl.sub.2 and is a hydroaromatic hydrocarbon, selected from tetralin, dihydrophenanthrene, dihydroanthracene or a hydrogenated coal derived hydroaromatic hydrocarbon distillate fraction.
Vermeulen, Theodore (Berkeley, CA); Grens, II, Edward A. (Danville, CA); Holten, Ronald R. (El Cerrito, CA)
Nuclear medium effects in $?(\\bar?)$-nucleus deep inelastic scattering
H. Haider; I. Ruiz Simo; M. Sajjad Athar; M. J. Vicente Vacas
Microbes in thawing permafrost: the unknown variable in the climate change equation
Considering that 25% of Earth s terrestrial surface is underlain by permafrost (ground that has been continuously frozen for at least 2 years), our understanding of the diversity of microbial life in this extreme habitat is surprisingly limited. Taking into account the total mass of perennially frozen sediment (up to several hundred meters deep), permafrost contains a huge amount of buried, ancient organic carbon (Tarnocai et al., 2009). In addition, permafrost is warming rapidly in response to global climate change (Romanovsky et al., 2010), potentially leading to widespread thaw and a larger, seasonally thawed soil active layer. This concern has prompted the question: will permafrost thawing lead to the release of massive amounts of carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) into the atmosphere? This question can only be answered by understanding how the microbes residing in permafrost will respond to thaw, through processes such as respiration, fermentation, methanogenesis and CH4 oxidation (Schuur et al., 2009). Predicting future carbon fluxes is complicated by the diversity of permafrost environments, ranging from high mountains, southern boreal forests, frozen peatlands and Pleistocene ice complexes (yedoma) up to several hundred meters deep, which vary widely in soil composition, soil organic matter (SOM) quality, hydrology and thermal regimes (Figure 1). Permafrost degradation can occur in many forms: thaw can progress downward from seasonally-thawed active layer soils in warming climates or laterally because of changes in surface or groundwater flow paths (Grosse et al., 2011). Permafrost degradation can sometimes lead to dramatic changes in ecosystem structure and function
Graham, David E [ORNL; Wallenstein, Matthew D [Colorado State University, Fort Collins; Vishnivetskaya, T. [University of Tennessee, Knoxville (UTK); Waldrop, Mark P. [U.S. Geological Survey, Menlo Park, CA; Phelps, Tommy Joe [ORNL; Pfiffner, Susan M. [University of Tennessee, Knoxville (UTK); Onstott, T. C. [Princeton University; Whyte, Lyle [McGill University, Montreal, Quebec; Rivkina, Elizaveta [Institute of Physicochemical and Biological Problems in Soil Science, Russian Academy of Sciences; Gilichinsky, David A [Institute of Physicochemical and Biological Problems in Soil Science, Russian Academy of Sciences; Elias, Dwayne A [ORNL; Mackelprang, Rachel [U.S. Department of Energy, Joint Genome Institute; Verberkmoes, Nathan C [ORNL; Hettich, Robert {Bob} L [ORNL; Wagner, Dirk [Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research, Potsdam, Germany; Wullschleger, Stan D [ORNL; Jansson, Janet [Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL)
Process for modifying the metal ion sorption capacity of a medium
A process for modifying a medium is disclosed that includes treating a medium having a metal ion sorption capacity with a solution that includes: A) an agent capable of forming a complex with metal ions; and B) ions selected from the group consisting of sodium ions, potassium ions, magnesium ions, and combinations thereof, to create a medium having an increased capacity to sorb metal ions relative to the untreated medium.
Lundquist, Susan H. (White Bear Township, MN)
H{alpha} AND FREE-FREE EMISSION FROM THE WARM IONIZED MEDIUM
Recent observations have found the ratio of H{alpha} to free-free radio continuum to be surprisingly high in the diffuse ionized interstellar medium (the so-called warm ionized medium), corresponding to an electron temperature of only {approx}3000 K. Such low temperatures were unexpected in gas that was presumed to be photoionized. We consider a three-component model for the observed diffuse emission, consisting of a mix of (1) photoionized gas, (2) gas that is recombining and cooling, and (3) cool H I gas. This model can successfully reproduce the observed intensities of free-free continuum, H{alpha}, and collisionally excited lines such as [N II]6583. To reproduce the low observed value of free-free to H{alpha}, the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon abundance in the photoionized regions must be lowered by a factor {approx}3, and {approx}20% of the diffuse H{alpha} must be reflected from dust grains, as suggested by Wood and Reynolds.
Dong Ruobing; Draine, B. T. [Department of Astrophysical Sciences, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544 (United States)
Hydrostatic equilibrium of a porous intracluster medium: implications for mass fraction and X-ray luminosity
The presence of dilute hot cavities in the intracluster medium (ICM) at the cores of clusters of galaxies changes the relation between gas temperature and its X-ray emission properties. Using the hydrostatic equations of a porous medium we solve for the ICM density for a given temperature as a function of the filling factor of dilute bubbles. We find that at a given temperature, the core X-ray luminosity increases with the filling factor. If the frequency of AGNs in clusters were higher in the past, then the filling factor could correspondingly be significant, with implications for the cluster scaling relations at high redshifts. This is especially important for the core properties, including the temperature-luminosity ($L_X-T$) relation and estimates of the core gas mass. The results imply an epoch-dependent sensitivity of the $L_X-T$ relation in the core to the porosity of the ICM. Detection of such an effect would give new insights into AGN feedback.
Adi Nusser; Joe Silk
Theoretical and experimental investigation of thermohydrologic processes in a partially saturated, fractured porous medium
The performance of a geologic repository for high-level nuclear waste will be influenced to a large degree by thermohydrologic phenomena created by the emplacement of heat-generating radioactive waste. The importance of these phenomena is manifest in that they can greatly affect the movement of moisture and the resulting transport of radionuclides from the repository. Thus, these phenomena must be well understood prior to a definitive assessment of a potential repository site. An investigation has been undertaken along three separate avenues of analysis: (i) laboratory experiments, (ii) mathematical models, and (iii) similitude analysis. A summary of accomplishments to date is as follows. (1) A review of the literature on the theory of heat and mass transfer in partially saturated porous medium. (2) A development of the governing conservation and constitutive equations. (3) A development of a dimensionless form of the governing equations. (4) A numerical study of the importance and sensitivity of flow to a set of dimensionless groups. (5) A survey and evaluation of experimental measurement techniques. (6) Execution of laboratory experiments of nonisothermal flow in a porous medium with a simulated fracture.
Green, R.T.; Manteufel, R.D. [Nuclear Regulatory Commission, Washington, DC (United States). Div. of Regulatory Applications; Dodge, F.T.; Svedeman, S.J. [Southwest Research Inst., San Antonio, TX (United States). Center for Nuclear Waste Regulatory Analyses
High power regenerative laser amplifier
A regenerative amplifier design capable of operating at high energy per pulse, for instance, from 20-100 Joules, at moderate repetition rates, for instance from 5-20 Hertz is provided. The laser amplifier comprises a gain medium and source of pump energy coupled with the gain medium; a Pockels cell, which rotates an incident beam in response to application of a control signal; an optical relay system defining a first relay plane near the gain medium and a second relay plane near the rotator; and a plurality of reflectors configured to define an optical path through the gain medium, optical relay and Pockels cell, such that each transit of the optical path includes at least one pass through the gain medium and only one pass through the Pockels cell. An input coupler, and an output coupler are provided, implemented by a single polarizer. A control circuit coupled to the Pockels cell generates the control signal in timed relationship with the input pulse so that the input pulse is captured by the input coupler and proceeds through at least one transit of the optical path, and then the control signal is applied to cause rotation of the pulse to a polarization reflected by the polarizer, after which the captured pulse passes through the gain medium at least once more and is reflected out of the optical path by the polarizer before passing through the rotator again to provide an amplified pulse.
Miller, John L. (Livermore, CA); Hackel, Lloyd A. (Livermore, CA); Dane, Clifford B. (Dublin, CA); Zapata, Luis E. (Livermore, CA)
A regenerative amplifier design capable of operating at high energy per pulse, for instance, from 20-100 Joules, at moderate repetition rates, for instance from 5-20 Hertz is provided. The laser amplifier comprises a gain medium and source of pump energy coupled with the gain medium; a Pockels cell, which rotates an incident beam in response to application of a control signal; an optical relay system defining a first relay plane near the gain medium and a second relay plane near the rotator; and a plurality of reflectors configured to define an optical path through the gain medium, optical relay and Pockels cell, such that each transit of the optical path includes at least one pass through the gain medium and only one pass through the Pockels cell. An input coupler, and an output coupler are provided, implemented by a single polarizer. A control circuit coupled to the Pockels cell generates the control signal in timed relationship with the input pulse so that the input pulse is captured by the input coupler and proceeds through at least one transit of the optical path, and then the control signal is applied to cause rotation of the pulse to a polarization reflected by the polarizer, after which the captured pulse passes through the gain medium at least once more and is reflected out of the optical path by the polarizer before passing through the rotator again to provide an amplified pulse. 7 figures.
Miller, J.L.; Hackel, L.A.; Dane, C.B.; Zapata, L.E.
Thermal Instability and Magnetic Pressure in the Turbulent Interstellar Medium
We review recent results on the nonlinear development of thermal instability (TI) in the context of the turbulent atomic interstellar medium (ISM). First, we discuss the growth of entropy perturbations in isolation, as a function of the ratio \\eta of the cooling time to the dynamical crossing time. For \\eta~ 0.3) and occurs at scales with \\eta>1. We then consider the behavior of magnetic pressure in turbulent regimes. We propose that the reported lack of correlation between the magnetic pressure and the density is a consequence of the different scaling of the magnetic pressure with density for the slow and fast modes of nonlinear MHD waves. This implies that magnetic ``pressure'' is not a suitable candidate for supplementing thermal pressure in the presence of TI, and that polytropic descriptions of it are probably not adequate in the fully turbulent regime. Finally, we consider TI in a turbulent ISM-like medium. We find that the flow does not exhibit sharp phase transitions, as would be expected in classical...
V�zquez-Semadeni, E; Passot, T; S�nchez-Salcedo, F J; Vazquez-Semadeni, Enrique; Gazol, Adriana; Passot, Thierry; Sanchez-Salcedo, Javier
Oil displacement through a porous medium with a temperature gradient
We investigate the effect of a temperature gradient on oil recovery in a two-dimensional pore-network model. The oil viscosity depends on temperature as, $\\mu_o=exp(B/T)$, where $B$ is a physico-chemical parameter depending on the type of oil, and $T$ is the temperature. A temperature gradient is applied across the medium in the flow direction. Initially, the porous medium is saturated with oil and, then, another fluid is injected. We have considered two cases representing different injection strategies. In the first case, the invading fluid viscosity is constant (finite viscosity ratio) while in the second one, the invading fluid is inviscid (infinite viscosity ratio). Our results show that, for the case of finite viscosity ratio, recovery increases with $\\Delta T$ independently on strength or sign of the gradient. For an infinite viscosity ratio, a positive temperature gradient is necessary to enhance recovery. Moreover, we show that, for $\\Delta T>0$, the percentage of oil recovery generally decreases (inc...
Oliveira, C L N; Herrmann, H J
Medium modification of the proton form-factor
I argue that the double ratio of proton-recoil polarization-transfer coefficients, P{prime}{sub x} and P{prime}{sub z}, of the quasielastic {sup 4}He(e,e{prime}p){sup 3}H reaction with respect to the elastic {sup 1}H(e,e{prime}p) reaction is sensitive to possible medium modifications of the proton form factor in {sup 4}He. Recent measurements at both Mainz and Jefferson Lab of this double ratio at four-momentum transfers squared between 0.4 (GeV/c){sup 2} and 2.6 (GeV/c){sup 2} are discussed. I show that the data challenge state-of-the-art conventional meson-nucleon calculations, as these are unable to describe the results. The data hint at the need to include medium modifications of the proton form factor, as predicted by a quark-meson-coupling model, in the calculations. A recently approved follow-up experiment at a Q{sup 2} of 0.8 (GeV/c){sup 2} and 1.3 (GeV/c){sup 2} with unprecedented precision will provide one of the most stringent tests of the applicability of various calculations.
Steffen Strauch
A Small High-Sensitivity, Medium-Response Ozone Detector Suitable for Measurements from Light Aircraft
An instrument for tropospheric O3 measurements based on the chemiluminescent reaction between nitric oxide and ozone is described. It was designed as part of a larger instrument package for simultaneous measurements of NO, NO2, NOy and O3 using ...
B. A. Ridley; F. E. Grahek; J. G. Walega
The Linear Stability Properties of Medium- to High- n TAEs in ITER
This document provides a detailed report on the successful completion of the DOE OFES Theory Milestone for FY2007: Improve the simulation resolution of linear stability properties of Toroidal Alfv�n Eigenmodes (TAE) driven by energetic particles and neutral beams in ITER by increasing the numbers of toroidal modes used to 15.
Gorelenkov, N N; Budny, R V; Kessel, C E; Kramer, G J; McCune, D; Manickam, J; Nazikian, R
Develop the dual fuel conversion system for high output, medium speed diesel engines. Final report
The original plan for the project involved design modifications to an existing system to enhance its performance and increase the limit of power that was achieved by the original design and to apply the higher performance product to the full sized engine and test its performance. The new system would also be applied to a different engine model. The specific work would include the redesign of gas injectors, piston configurations and two types of igniters, engine instrumentation, monitoring and testing.
Pansharpening of high and medium resolution satellite images using bilateral filtering
We provide and evaluate a fusion algorithm of remotely sensed images, i.e. the fusion of a panchromatic (PAN) image with a multi-spectral (MS) image using bilateral filtering, applied to images of three different sensors: SPOT 5, Landsat ETM+ and Quickbird. ... Keywords: bilateral filter, image fusion, pansharpening
Diego Renza; Estibaliz Martinez; Agueda Arquero; Javier Sanchez
Fibre Distributed Data Interface (FDDI) � Token Ring Twisted Pair Physical Layer Medium Dependent (TP-PMD) Secretariat
The described Twisted Pair Physical Layer Medium Dependent Standard is intended for use in a high-performance multistation network. This protocol is designed to be effective at 100 megabits per second using a token ring architecture and twisted pair cabling as the transmission medium over link distances of up to one hundred meters. American National Standard Approval of an American National Standard requires review by ANSI that the requirements for due process, consensus, and other criteria for approval have been met by the standards developer. Consensus is established when, in the judgment of the ANSI Board of Standards Review, substantial agreement has been reached by directly and materially affected interests. Substantial agreement means much more than a simple majority, but not necessarily unanimity. Consensus requires that all views and objections be considered, and that a concerted effort be made toward their
Improved Dosimetric and Clinical Outcomes With Intensity-Modulated Radiotherapy for Head-and-Neck Cancer of Unknown Primary Origin
Purpose: To compare differences in dosimetric, clinical, and quality-of-life endpoints among a cohort of patients treated by intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) and conventional radiotherapy (CRT) for head-and-neck cancer of unknown primary origin. Methods and Materials: The medical records of 51 patients treated by radiation therapy for squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck presenting as cervical lymph node metastasis of occult primary origin were reviewed. Twenty-four patients (47%) were treated using CRT, and 27 (53%) were treated using IMRT. The proportions of patients receiving concurrent chemotherapy were 54% and 63%, respectively. Results: The 2-year estimates of overall survival, local-regional control, and disease-specific survival for the entire patient population were 86%, 89%, and84%, respectively. There were no significant differences in any of these endpoints with respect to radiation therapy technique (p > 0.05 for all). Dosimetric analysis revealed that the use of IMRT resulted in significant improvements with respect to mean dose and V30 to the contralateral (spared) parotid gland. In addition, mean doses to the ipsilateral inner and middle ear structures were significantly reduced with IMRT (p < 0.05 for all). The incidence of severe xerostomia in the late setting was 58% and 11% among patients treated by CRT and IMRT, respectively (p < 0.001). The percentages of patients who were G-tube dependent at 6 months after treatment were 42% and 11%, respectively (p < 0.001). Conclusions: IMRT results in significant improvements in the therapeutic ratio among patients treated by radiation therapy for head-and-neck cancer of unknown primary origin.
Chen, Allen M., E-mail: email@example.com [Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA (United States); Li Baoqing [Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA (United States); Farwell, D. Gregory [Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA (United States); Marsano, Joseph; Vijayakumar, Srinivasan; Purdy, James A. [Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA (United States)
Testing for the Possible Influence of Unknown Climate Forcings upon Global Temperature Increases from 1950-2000
Global-scale variations in the climate system over the last half of the twentieth century, including long-term increases in global-mean near-surface temperatures, are consistent with concurrent human-induced emissions of radiatively active gases and aerosols. However, such consistency does not preclude the possible influence of other forcing agents, including internal modes of climate variability or unaccounted for aerosol effects. To test whether other unknown forcing agents may have contributed to multidecadal increases in global-mean near-surface temperatures from 1950 to 2000, data pertaining to observed changes in global-scale sea surface temperatures and observed changes in radiatively active atmospheric constituents are incorporated into numerical global climate models. Results indicate that the radiative forcing needed to produce the observed long-term trends in sea surface temperatures�and global-mean near-surface temperatures�is provided predominantly by known changes in greenhouse gases and aerosols. Further, results indicate that less than 10% of the long-term historical increase in global-mean near-surface temperatures over the last half of the twentieth century could have been the result of internal climate variability. In addition, they indicate that less than 25%of the total radiative forcing needed to produce the observed long-term trend in global-mean near-surface temperatures could have been provided by changes in net radiative forcing from unknown sources (either positive or negative). These results, which are derived from simple energy balance requirements, emphasize the important role humans have played in modifying the global climate over the last half of the twentieth century.
Anderson, Bruce T.; Knight, Jeff R.; Ringer, Mark A.; Yoon, Jin-Ho; Cherchi, Annalisa
Shock creation and particle acceleration driven by plasma expansion into a rarefied medium
The expansion of a dense plasma through a more rarefied ionized medium is a phenomenon of interest in various physics environments ranging from astrophysics to high energy density laser-matter laboratory experiments. Here this situation is modeled via a one-dimensional particle-in-cell simulation; a jump in the plasma density of a factor of 100 is introduced in the middle of an otherwise equally dense electron-proton plasma with an uniform proton and electron temperature of 10 eV and 1 keV, respectively. The diffusion of the dense plasma, through the rarefied one, triggers the onset of different nonlinear phenomena such as a strong ion-acoustic shock wave and a rarefaction wave. Secondary structures are detected, some of which are driven by a drift instability of the rarefaction wave. Efficient proton acceleration occurs ahead of the shock, bringing the maximum proton velocity up to 60 times the initial ion thermal speed.
Sarri, G.; Kourakis, I.; Borghesi, M. [Centre for Plasma Physics, The Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN (United Kingdom); Dieckmann, M. E. [VITA ITN, Linkoping University, 60174 Norrkoping (Sweden)
A Newton-Krylov solution to the porous medium equations in the agree code
In order to improve the convergence of the AGREE code for porous medium, a Newton-Krylov solver was developed for steady state problems. The current three-equation system was expanded and then coupled using Newton's Method. Theoretical behavior predicts second order convergence, while actual behavior was highly nonlinear. The discontinuous derivatives found in both closure and empirical relationships prevented true second order convergence. Agreement between the current solution and new Exact Newton solution was well below the convergence criteria. While convergence time did not dramatically decrease, the required number of outer iterations was reduced by approximately an order of magnitude. GMRES was also used to solve problem, where ILU without fill-in was used to precondition the iterative solver, and the performance was slightly slower than the direct solution. (authors)
Ward, A. M.; Seker, V.; Xu, Y.; Downar, T. J. [Dept. of Nuclear Engineering and Radioligical Sciences, Univ. of Michigan, 2355 Bonisteel Blvd, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 (United States)
Geochemistry of Magnesium Silicate Carbonation in an Aqueous Medium
Geochemistry of Magnesium Silicate Geochemistry of Magnesium Silicate Carbonation in an Aqueous Medium (Carbon Mineralization) Jon Benner, Deb Bergfeld, Dave Bish, Darrin Byler, Bill Carey, Steve Chipera, George Guthrie, Klaus Lackner, Hans Ziock Hydrology, Geochemistry, Geology Group Los Alamos National Laboratory LA-UR-01-4206 Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited George Guthrie firstname.lastname@example.com 505-665-6340 Mineral Carbonation: Conversion of CO 2 into Carbonates * alkali carbonates too soluble * alkaline earth carbonates ideal sources: Ca-silicates (feldspar) Mg-silicates (olivine, serpentine, clays) Mg 2+ + CO 3 2- => MgCO 3 Mg 2 SiO 4 + 4H + => 2Mg 2+ + SiO 2(aq) Ultramafic rocks are an abundant Mg source (~0.2 km) 3 serpentine / GW-yr Challenges for Mineral-Carbonation
MERIX - medium resolution (R)IXS at the APS
MERIX MERIX MERIX is a medium energy resolution 6 circle diffractometer for non-resonant and resonant inelastic x-ray measurements. Detect Strip detector: dramatically more collected phonons at a given energy resolution compared to conventional detectors (principle of operation). Pin diode detector mounted on the two theta arm for final sample alignment Fluorescence detector: for absorption measurements on samples Spot size: focused horizontal x vertical = 45 um x 6 um, unfocussed = 2.2 mm x 0.4 mm Momentum resolution varies with incident energy but the angular acceptance of the analyzer is 5.7 degrees. This can be reduced with slits. Maximum two-theta is 90 (horizontal) and 62 (vertical). chi range is -15 to 20 or 75 to 110 (depending on which phi circle is used)
Coherent scattering by a spherical medium of resonant atoms
We consider the problem of coherent resonant scattering of electromagnetic waves by a spherical medium of two-level atoms. The frequency dependence of the scattering amplitudes and cross sections reveals a complex structure of narrow peaks and dips. We relate these scattering resonances to the cooperative emission resonances characteristic of a sphere. We find the scattering to show considerable interference between the electric and magnetic multipole contributions, particularly in the lower multipole orders. This interference tends to enhance anisotropies in the differential scattering cross section even for small spheres. For such spheres, the peak values of the resonant contributions of the low-order multipoles to the total scattering cross section can increase with multipole order, in contrast to the usual decrease seen in nonresonant scattering.
Prasad, Sudhakar; Glauber, Roy J. [Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131 (United States); Lyman Laboratory of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138 (United States)
Nuclear medium effects in Drell-Yan process
We study nuclear medium effects in Drell-Yan processes at small target x using quark parton distribution functions and nucleon structure functions for a bound nucleon calculated in a microscopic nuclear model which takes into account the effect of Fermi motion, nuclear binding and nucleon correlations through a relativistic spectral function. The contributions of $\\pi$ and $\\rho$ mesons, target mass corrections and nuclear shadowing are also included. The results are compared with the theoretical and experimental results. The model is able to successfully explain the low target x results of E772 and E866 Drell-Yan experiments and is applicable to the forthcoming experimental analysis of E906 Sea Quest experiment at Fermi Lab.
H. Haider; M. Sajjad Athar; I. Ruiz Simo; S. K. Singh
Gravity currents in a porous medium at an inclined plane
We consider the release from a point source of relatively heavy fluid into a porous saturated medium above an impermeable slope. We consider the case where the volume of the resulting gravity current increases with time like $t^\\alpha$ and show that for $\\alpha3$, this situation is reversed with spreading occurring predominantly downslope for short times. The governing equations admit similarity solutions whose scaling behaviour we determine, with the full similarity form being evaluated by numerical computations of the governing partial differential equation. We find that the results of these analyses are in good quantitative agreement with a series of laboratory experiments. Finally, we briefly discuss the implications of our work for the sequestration of carbon dioxide in aquifers with a sloping, impermeable cap.
Vella, D; Huppert, Herbert E.; Vella, Dominic
Soot blower using fuel gas as blowing medium
A soot blower assembly (10) for use in combination with a coal gasifier (14). The soot blower assembly is adapted for use in the hot combustible product gas generated in the gasifier as the blowing medium. The soot blower lance (20) and the drive means (30) by which it is moved into and out of the gasifier is housed in a gas tight enclosure (40) which completely surrounds the combination. The interior of the enclosure (40) is pressurized by an inert gas to a pressure level higher than that present in the gasifier so that any combustible product gas leaking from the soot blower lance (20) is forced into the gasifier rather than accumulating within the enclosure.
Tanca, Michael C. (Tariffville, CT)
Self-induced transparency in a dispersive medium
The evolution of the electromagnetic field in a two-level medium occurring in a matrix with finite response time has been studied. An integrable variant of the Maxwell-Bloch equations with allowance for nonlinear dispersion is derived and solved using the inverse scattering problem. It is shown that the nonlinear dispersion caused by the finite response time of the matrix yields a new possibility of controlling soliton parameters. A particular case of the constructed model can be used to describe field pulses in the parameter domain that occurs between the regions of applicability of the quasi-monochromatic approximation and the approximation of unidirectional propagation of pulses with durations on the order of the oscillation period.
Zabolotskii, A. A., E-mail: email@example.com [Russian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Automatics and Electrometry, Siberian Branch (Russian Federation)
Turbulence dynamo deals with the amplification of a seed magnetic field in a turbulent medium and has been studied mostly for uniform or spatially homogeneous seed magnetic fields. However, some astrophysical processes (e.g., jets from active galaxies, galactic winds, or ram-pressure stripping in galaxy clusters) can provide localized seed magnetic fields. In this paper, we numerically study amplification of localized seed magnetic fields in a turbulent medium. Throughout the paper, we assume that the driving scale of turbulence is comparable to the size of the system. Our findings are as follows. First, turbulence can amplify a localized seed magnetic field very efficiently. The growth rate of magnetic energy density is as high as that for a uniform seed magnetic field. This result implies that magnetic field ejected from an astrophysical object can be a viable source of a magnetic field in a cluster. Second, the localized seed magnetic field disperses and fills the whole system very fast. If turbulence in a system (e.g., a galaxy cluster or a filament) is driven at large scales, we expect that it takes a few large-eddy turnover times for the magnetic field to fill the whole system. Third, growth and turbulence diffusion of a localized seed magnetic field are also fast in high magnetic Prandtl number turbulence. Fourth, even in decaying turbulence, a localized seed magnetic field can ultimately fill the whole system. Although the dispersal rate of the magnetic field is not fast in purely decaying turbulence, it can be enhanced by an additional forcing.
Cho, Jungyeon; Yoo, Hyunju, E-mail: email@example.com [Department of Astronomy and Space Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon (Korea, Republic of)
High power, high beam quality regenerative amplifier
A regenerative laser amplifier system generates high peak power and high energy per pulse output beams enabling generation of X-rays used in X-ray lithography for manufacturing integrated circuits. The laser amplifier includes a ring shaped optical path with a limited number of components including a polarizer, a passive 90 degree phase rotator, a plurality of mirrors, a relay telescope, and a gain medium, the components being placed close to the image plane of the relay telescope to reduce diffraction or phase perturbations in order to limit high peak intensity spiking. In the ring, the beam makes two passes through the gain medium for each transit of the optical path to increase the amplifier gain to loss ratio. A beam input into the ring makes two passes around the ring, is diverted into an SBS phase conjugator and proceeds out of the SBS phase conjugator back through the ring in an equal but opposite direction for two passes, further reducing phase perturbations. A master oscillator inputs the beam through an isolation cell (Faraday or Pockels) which transmits the beam into the ring without polarization rotation. The isolation cell rotates polarization only in beams proceeding out of the ring to direct the beams out of the amplifier. The diffraction limited quality of the input beam is preserved in the amplifier so that a high power output beam having nearly the same diffraction limited quality is produced.
Hackel, Lloyd A. (Livermore, CA); Dane, Clifford B. (Livermore, CA)
Hackel, L.A.; Dane, C.B.
ON THE (NON-)ENHANCEMENT OF THE Ly{alpha} EQUIVALENT WIDTH BY A MULTIPHASE INTERSTELLAR MEDIUM
It has been suggested that radiative transfer effects may explain the unusually high equivalent widths (EWs) of the Ly{alpha} line, observed occasionally from starburst galaxies, especially at high redshifts. If the dust is locked up inside high-density clouds dispersed in an empty intercloud medium, the Ly{alpha} photons could scatter off of the surfaces of the clouds, effectively having their journey confined to the dustless medium. The continuum radiation, on the other hand, does not scatter, and would thus be subject to absorption inside the clouds. This scenario is routinely invoked when Ly{alpha} EWs higher than what is expected theoretically are observed, although the ideal conditions under which the results are derived usually are not considered. Here we systematically examine the relevant physical parameters in this idealized framework, testing whether any astrophysically realistic scenarios may lead to such an effect. It is found that although clumpiness indeed facilitates the escape of Ly{alpha}, it is highly unlikely that any real interstellar media should result in a preferential escape of Ly{alpha} over continuum radiation. Other possible causes are discussed, and it is concluded that the observed high EWs are more likely to be caused by cooling radiation from cold accretion and/or anisotropic escape of the Ly{alpha} radiation.
Laursen, Peter; Duval, Florent; Oestlin, Goeran, E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com [The Oskar Klein Centre, Department of Astronomy, Stockholm University, AlbaNova, SE-10691 Stockholm (Sweden)] [The Oskar Klein Centre, Department of Astronomy, Stockholm University, AlbaNova, SE-10691 Stockholm (Sweden)
High intensity production of high and medium charge state uranium and other heavy ion beams with VENUS
is the first third generation source routinely operated atIntroduction Third generation ECR ion sources are designedfor 4 th generation ECR ion sources [9] . The VENUS
High-temperature gas-cooled reactors: preliminary safety and environmental information document. Volume IV
Information is presented concerning medium-enriched uranium/thorium once-through fuel cycle; medium-enrichment uranium-233/thorium recycle fuel; high-enrichment uranium-235/thorium recycle (spiked) fuel cycle; high-enrichment uranium-233/thorium recycle (spiked) fuel cycle; and gas-turbine high-temperature gas-cooled reactor.
Not Available
Design of Phosphor Thermometry System for Transient High Heat Flux Surface Thermometry
Abstract: A transformative calibration methodology is presented for predicting transient surface temperatures in a thermally conducting medium from in-depth, time-varying temperature measurements. The surface temperature is resolved using two experimental runs and a newly devised first-kind Volterra integral equation. The first experimental run involves calibration with known surface temperature while the second run involves resolving the surface temperature of interest through the ill-posed integral equation. This paper presents the concept genesis and numerically demonstrates the concept for feasibility, robustness, stability and accuracy. From this demonstration, we propose to implement surface placed thermographic phosphors in the calibration stage of the inverse method for estimating the required surface temperature. As a preliminary study, we consider transient, constant property, onedimensional heat conduction in a semi-infinite medium. It is mathematically demonstrated that a Volterra integral equation of the first kind is developed for estimating the surface temperature using a calibrated system (host material and sensor). Sensor characterization, explicit sensor positioning and thermophysical properties are implicitly contained in the new calibration integral equation. The calibration integral equation displays only four terms; namely, the measured front surface temperature and corresponding measured in-depth temperature response associated with the calibration run; and, the unknown surface temperature and its measured in-depth temperature response associated with the second run. Preliminary numerical results indicate the merit of the concept. This paper suggests using thermographic phosphors for estimating the surface temperature in the calibration portion of the process owing to their rapid thermal response, good surface thermal contact characteristics and lack of capacitance for assuring minimal delay. Though the present paper describes the theoretical basis for resolving such problems, it is intended for near-term application using the UTK s high-heat flux laser facility which is presently under development
Allison, Stephen W [ORNL; Frankel, Jay I [ORNL; Beshears, David L [EMCO
Early-Time Chromatic Variations in the Wind-Swept Medium of GRB 021211 and the Faintness of its Afterglow
We present Follow-Up Network for Gamma-Ray Bursts (FUN GRB) Collaboration observations of the optical afterglow of GRB 021211 made between 143 seconds and 102 days after the burst. Our unique data set includes the earliest filtered detections and color information for an afterglow in the pre-Swift era. We find that the afterglow is best described by (1) propagation through a wind-swept medium, (2) a cooling break that is blueward of the observed optical frequencies, and (3) a hard electron energy distribution. However, superimposed on this "standard model" behavior we find significant chromatic variations within the first few hours after the burst. We consider possible reasons for these variations, including the possibility that they are due to a dust echo. Finally, we constrain physical parameters that describe the afterglow and surrounding medium for a variety of scenarios and find that GRB 021211's afterglow is faint for a combination of 3-4 reasons: (1) a low fraction of energy in relativistic electrons, (2) a low density for the wind-swept medium, implying either a low mass-loss rate and/or a high wind velocity for the progenitor, (3) a wide opening/viewing angle for the jet, and possibly (4) moderate source frame extinction. The jet appears to be significantly far from equipartition and magnetically dominated. More extreme versions of this might explain the darkness of many afterglows in the Swift era.
M. C. Nysewander; D. E. Reichart; H. -S. Park; G. G. Williams; K. Kinugasa; D. Q. Lamb; A. A. Henden; S. Klose; T. Kato; A. Harper; H. Yamaoka; C. Laws; K. Torii; D. G. York; J. C. Barentine; J. Dembicky; R. J. McMillan; J. A. Moran; D. H. Hartmann; B. Ketzeback; M. B. Bayliss; J. W. Bartelme; J. A. Crain; A. C. Foster; M. Schwartz; P. Holvorcem; P. A. Price; R. Canterna; G. B. Crew; G. R. Ricker; S. D. Barthelmy
Future Evolution of the Intergalactic Medium in a Universe Dominated by a Cosmological Constant
We simulate the evolution of the intergalactic medium (IGM) in a universe dominated by a cosmological constant. We find that within a few Hubble times from the present epoch, the baryons will have two primary phases: one phase composed of low-density, low-temperature, diffuse, ionized gas which cools exponentially with cosmic time due to adiabatic expansion, and a second phase of high-density, high-temperature gas in virialized dark matter halos which cools much more slowly by atomic processes. The mass fraction of gas in halos converges to ~40% at late times, about twice its calculated value at the present epoch. We find that in a few Hubble times, the large scale filaments in the present-day IGM will rarefy and fade away into the low-temperature IGM, and only islands of virialized gas will maintain their physical structure. We do not find evidence for fragmentation of the diffuse IGM at later times. More than 99% of the gas mass will maintain a steady ionization fraction above 80% within a few Hubble times. The diffuse IGM will get extremely cold and dilute but remain highly ionized, as its recombination time will dramatically exceed the age of the universe.
Kentaro Nagamine; Abraham Loeb
Energy and momentum deposited into a QCD medium by a jet shower
A hard virtual parton moving through a dense QCD medium loses energy and momentum by a series of radiative emissions and elastic scatterings. Unlike radiative energy loss, elastic exchanges transfer energy and momentum directly to the constituents of the medium. We present a calculation of this energy and momentum deposited in the medium after the passage of a virtual jet which decomposes into a partonic shower. Calculations are carried out in the higher-twist (HT) formalism of energy loss, which offers a natural extension to compute the amplification of the energy and momentum transfer to the medium due to the produced shower of partons, each of which transfers energy and momentum to the medium by elastic exchanges. Further assuming that the energy-momentum deposited is swiftly equilibrated, we also compute the hydro-dynamical response of the medium to the energy deposited by a jet and obtain a much enhanced conical pattern.
Qin, G -Y; Song, H; Heinz, U
Small and Medium-Sized Building Automation and Control System Needs Scoping
Small and Medium-Sized Building Automation Small and Medium-Sized Building Automation and Control System Needs Scoping Study Small and Medium-Sized Building Automation and Control System Needs Scoping Study The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) is currently conducting a scoping research study of small- and medium-sized building automation and control system needs. Project Description This project seeks to develop a scoping study to identify the building automation system needs-such as end-uses and systems to be controlled-and control capabilities for small- and medium-sized buildings. Researchers also plan to develop a case study to show that building controls for small- and medium-sized buildings can be cost-effective. The monitoring needs to ensure proper and persistent operations will also be identified.
Alternative Fuels Data Center: Low-Speed Vehicle and Medium-Speed Electric
Low-Speed Vehicle and Low-Speed Vehicle and Medium-Speed Electric Vehicle (EV) Access to Roadways to someone by E-mail Share Alternative Fuels Data Center: Low-Speed Vehicle and Medium-Speed Electric Vehicle (EV) Access to Roadways on Facebook Tweet about Alternative Fuels Data Center: Low-Speed Vehicle and Medium-Speed Electric Vehicle (EV) Access to Roadways on Twitter Bookmark Alternative Fuels Data Center: Low-Speed Vehicle and Medium-Speed Electric Vehicle (EV) Access to Roadways on Google Bookmark Alternative Fuels Data Center: Low-Speed Vehicle and Medium-Speed Electric Vehicle (EV) Access to Roadways on Delicious Rank Alternative Fuels Data Center: Low-Speed Vehicle and Medium-Speed Electric Vehicle (EV) Access to Roadways on Digg Find More places to share Alternative Fuels Data Center: Low-Speed
Vehicle Technologies Office: Fact #382: July 25, 2005 New Medium and Heavy
2: July 25, 2005 2: July 25, 2005 New Medium and Heavy Truck Registrations by Fuel Type, 2004 to someone by E-mail Share Vehicle Technologies Office: Fact #382: July 25, 2005 New Medium and Heavy Truck Registrations by Fuel Type, 2004 on Facebook Tweet about Vehicle Technologies Office: Fact #382: July 25, 2005 New Medium and Heavy Truck Registrations by Fuel Type, 2004 on Twitter Bookmark Vehicle Technologies Office: Fact #382: July 25, 2005 New Medium and Heavy Truck Registrations by Fuel Type, 2004 on Google Bookmark Vehicle Technologies Office: Fact #382: July 25, 2005 New Medium and Heavy Truck Registrations by Fuel Type, 2004 on Delicious Rank Vehicle Technologies Office: Fact #382: July 25, 2005 New Medium and Heavy Truck Registrations by Fuel Type, 2004 on Digg Find More places to share Vehicle Technologies Office: Fact #382:
Supports for high tech : permanence and change in building system design
The obsolescence of our constantly changing built environment is leading architects, now more than ever, towards designing for unknown future requirements. This condition has become manifest in the design of "High Tech" ...
Luna Herrera, Pablo
THE ANGULAR DISTRIBUTION OF Ly{alpha} RESONANT PHOTONS EMERGING FROM AN OPTICALLY THICK MEDIUM
We investigate the angular distribution of Ly{alpha} photons scattering or emerging from an optically thick medium. Since the evolution of specific intensity I in frequency space and angular space are coupled with each other, we first develop the WENO numerical solver to find the time-dependent solutions of the integro-differential equation of I in frequency and angular space simultaneously. We first show that the solutions with the Eddington approximation, which assume that I is linearly dependent on the angular variable {mu}, yield similar frequency profiles of the photon flux as those without the Eddington approximation. However, the solutions of the {mu} distribution evolution are significantly different from those given by the Eddington approximation. First, the angular distribution of I is found to be substantially dependent on the frequency of the photons. For photons with the resonant frequency {nu}{sub 0}, I contains only a linear term of {mu}. For photons with frequencies at the double peaks of the flux, the {mu}-distribution is highly anisotropic; most photons are emitted radially forward. Moreover, either at {nu}{sub 0} or at the double peaks, the {mu} distributions actually are independent of the initial {mu} distribution of photons of the source. This is because the photons with frequencies either at {nu}{sub 0} or the double peaks undergo the process of forgetting their initial conditions due to resonant scattering. We also show that the optically thick medium is a collimator of photons at the double peaks. Photons from the double peaks form a forward beam with a very small opening angle.
Yang Yang; Shu Chiwang [Division of Applied Mathematics, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912 (United States); Roy, Ishani [Imaging Sciences and Biomedical Engineering Division, St Thomas Hospital, Kings College London, SE1 7EH (United Kingdom); Fang Lizhi [Department of Physics, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721 (United States)
Neutrino-induced pion production from nuclei at medium energies
We present a fully relativistic formalism for describing neutrino-induced $\\Delta$-mediated single-pion production from nuclei. We assess the ambiguities stemming from the $\\Delta$ interactions. Variations in the cross sections of over 10% are observed, depending on whether or not magnetic-dipole dominance is assumed to extract the vector form factors. These uncertainties have a direct impact on the accuracy with which the axial-vector form factors can be extracted. Different predictions for $C_5^A(Q^2)$ induce up to 40-50% effects on the $\\Delta$-production cross sections. To describe the nucleus, we turn to a relativistic plane-wave impulse approximation (RPWIA) using realistic bound-state wave functions derived in the Hartree approximation to the $\\sigma$-$\\omega$ Walecka model. For neutrino energies larger than 1 GeV, we show that a relativistic Fermi-gas model with appropriate binding-energy correction produces comparable results as the RPWIA which naturally includes Fermi motion, nuclear-binding effects and the Pauli exclusion principle. Including $\\Delta$ medium modifications yields a 20 to 25% reduction of the RPWIA cross section. The model presented in this work can be naturally extended to include the effect of final-state interactions in a relativistic and quantum-mechanical way. Guided by recent neutrino-oscillation experiments, such as MiniBooNE and K2K, and future efforts like MINER$\
C. Praet; O. Lalakulich; N. Jachowicz; J. Ryckebusch
Small- and Medium-Size Building Automation and Control System Needs: Scoping Study
Small- and Medium-Size Building Automation and Control System Small- and Medium-Size Building Automation and Control System Needs: Scoping Study Small- and Medium-Size Building Automation and Control System Needs: Scoping Study Michael Brambley, Ph.D. Pacific Northwest National Laboratory email@example.com (509) 375-6875 April 2, 2013 2 | Building Technologies Office eere.energy.gov Problem Statement * Less than 10% of the buildings have building automation systems (BAS) * Over 90% of buildings stock either: - small (<5,000 sf) or - medium-sized (between 5,000 sf and 50,000 sf)
In-Use Performance Results of Medium Duty Electric Vehicles (Presentation)
This presentation describes a DOE program to monitor and report on vehicle performance and energy utilization of medium-duty and heavy-duty electric vehicles.
Walkowicz, K.
Plasma Wave Properties of the Schwarzschild Magnetosphere in a Veselago Medium
We re-formulate the 3+1 GRMHD equations for the Schwarzschild black hole in a Veselago medium. Linear perturbation in rotating (non-magnetized and magnetized) plasma is introduced and their Fourier analysis is considered. We discuss wave properties with the help of wave vector, refractive index and change in refractive index in the form of graphs. It is concluded that some waves move away from the event horizon in this unusual medium. We conclude that for the rotating non-magnetized plasma, our results confirm the presence of Veselago medium while the rotating magnetized plasma does not provide any evidence for this medium.
M. Sharif; Noureen Mukhtar
Clean Cities' Guide to Alternative Fuel and Advanced Medium- and Heavy-Duty Vehicles (Brochure)
Guide describes the alternative fuel and advanced medium- and heavy-duty vehicles available on the market, including buses, vans, refuse haulers, and more.
Dyadic Green Function for an Electromagnetic Medium Inspired by General Relativity
The dyadic Green function for a homogeneous electromagnetic medium inspired by the spatiotemporally nonhomogeneous constitutive equations of gravitationally affected vacuum is derived.
Akhlesh Lakhtakia; Tom G. Mackay
Measurement Services for Low-to-Medium Energy X-rays
Development of measurement services to calibratewavelength-dispersive detectors and spectrometers for low- to medium-energy x rays (10 to 300 ...
Palladium and Tin Alloyed Catalysts for the Ethanol Oxidation Reaction in an Alkaline Medium
In this paper, we present a study of a series of carbon-supported Pd-Sn binary alloyed catalysts prepared through a modified Polyol method as anode electrocatalysts for direct ethanol fuel cell reactions in an alkaline medium. Transmission electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy equipped with electron energy loss spectroscopy were used to characterize the Pd-Sn/C catalysts, where homogeneous Pd-Sn alloys were determined to be present with the surface Sn being partially oxidized. Among various Pd-Sn catalysts, Pd{sub 86}Sn{sub 14}/C catalysts showed much enhanced current densities in cyclic voltammetric and chronoamperometric measurements, compared to commercial Pd/C (Johnson Matthey). The overall rate law of ethanol oxidation reaction for both Pd{sub 86}Sn{sub 14}/C and commercial Pd/C were also determined, which clearly showed that Pd{sub 86}Sn{sub 14}/C was more favorable in high ethanol concentration and/or high pH environment. Density functional theory calculations also confirmed Pd-Sn alloy structures would result in lower reaction energies for the dehydrogenation of ethanol, compared to the pure Pd crystal.
Su D.; Du W.; Mackenzie K.E.; Milano D.F.; Deskins N.A.; Teng X.
A Novel Charged Medium Consisting of Gas-Liquid Interfacial Plasmas
Due to the unique properties of ionic liquids such as their extremely low vapor pressure and high heat capacity, we succeed in creating the reactive gas (plasmas)--liquid (ionic liquids) interfacial field under a low gas pressure condition, where the plasma ion behavior can be controlled. The effects of the plasma ion irradiation on the liquid medium are quantitatively revealed for the first time. In connection with the plasma ion irradiation, the potential structure and optical emission properties of the gas-liquid interfacial plasma are investigated by changing a polarity of the electrode in the liquid to evaluate the plasma-liquid interactions. These results would contribute to synthesizing the metal nanoparticles with carbon nanotubes as a template in the ionic liquid. It is found that the high density, mono-dispersed, and isolated metal nanoparticles are synthesized between or inside the carbon nanotubes by controlling the gas-liquid interfacial plasmas. Furthermore, we can form novel nano-bio composite materials, such as DNA encapsulated carbon nanotubes using the plasma ion irradiation method in an electrolyte plasma with DNA, and demonstrate modifications of the electrical properties of the carbon nanotubes depending on the kinds of encapsulated DNA for the first time.
Kaneko, Toshiro; Hatakeyama, Rikizo [Department of Electronic Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8579 (Japan)
We present an analytical model of the relation between the surface density of gas and star formation rate in galaxies and clouds, as a function of the presence of supersonic turbulence and the associated structure of the interstellar medium (ISM). The model predicts a power-law relation of index 3/2, flattened under the effects of stellar feedback at high densities or in very turbulent media, and a break at low surface densities when ISM turbulence becomes too weak to induce strong compression. This model explains the diversity of star formation laws and thresholds observed in nearby spirals and their resolved regions, the Small Magellanic Cloud, high-redshift disks and starbursting mergers, as well as Galactic molecular clouds. While other models have proposed interstellar dust content and molecule formation to be key ingredients to the observed variations of the star formation efficiency, we demonstrate instead that these variations can be explained by ISM turbulence and structure in various types of galaxies.
Renaud, Florent; Kraljic, Katarina; Bournaud, Frederic, E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com [Laboratoire AIM Paris-Saclay, CEA/IRFU/SAp, Universite Paris Diderot, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex (France)
Low energy consumption method for separating gaseous mixtures and in particular for medium purity oxygen production
A method for the separation of gaseous mixtures such as air and for producing medium purity oxygen, comprising compressing the gaseous mixture in a first compressor to about 3.9-4.1 atmospheres pressure, passing said compressed gaseous mixture in heat exchange relationship with sub-ambient temperature gaseous nitrogen, dividing the cooled, pressurized gaseous mixture into first and second streams, introducing the first stream into the high pressure chamber of a double rectification column, separating the gaseous mixture in the rectification column into a liquid oxygen-enriched stream and a gaseous nitrogen stream and supplying the gaseous nitrogen stream for cooling the compressed gaseous mixture, removing the liquid oxygen-enriched stream from the low pressure chamber of the rectification column and pumping the liquid, oxygen-enriched steam to a predetermined pressure, cooling the second stream, condensing the cooled second stream and evaporating the oxygen-enriched stream in an evaporator-condenser, delivering the condensed second stream to the high pressure chamber of the rectification column, and heating the oxygen-enriched stream and blending the oxygen-enriched stream with a compressed blend-air stream to the desired oxygen concentration.
Jujasz, Albert J. (North Olmsted, OH); Burkhart, James A. (Olmsted Falls, OH); Greenberg, Ralph (New York, NY)
The intracluster medium (ICM) of galaxy clusters is a weakly collisional plasma in which the transport of heat and momentum occurs primarily along magnetic-field lines. Anisotropic heat conduction allows convective instabilities to be driven by temperature gradients of either sign: the magnetothermal instability (MTI) in the outskirts of clusters and the heat-flux buoyancy-driven instability (HBI) in their cooling cores. We employ the Athena magnetohydrodynamic code to investigate the nonlinear evolution of these instabilities, self-consistently including the effects of anisotropic viscosity (i.e., Braginskii pressure anisotropy), anisotropic conduction, and radiative cooling. We find that, in all but the innermost regions of cool-core clusters, anisotropic viscosity significantly impairs the ability of the HBI to reorient magnetic-field lines orthogonal to the temperature gradient. Thus, while radio-mode feedback appears necessary in the central few Multiplication-Sign 10 kpc, heat conduction may be capable of offsetting radiative losses throughout most of a cool core over a significant fraction of the Hubble time. Magnetically aligned cold filaments are then able to form by local thermal instability. Viscous dissipation during cold filament formation produces accompanying hot filaments, which can be searched for in deep Chandra observations of cool-core clusters. In the case of MTI, anisotropic viscosity leads to a nonlinear state with a folded magnetic field structure in which field-line curvature and field strength are anti-correlated. These results demonstrate that, if the HBI and MTI are relevant for shaping the properties of the ICM, one must self-consistently include anisotropic viscosity in order to obtain even qualitatively correct results.
Kunz, Matthew W.; Stone, James M. [Department of Astrophysical Sciences, Princeton University, Peyton Hall, 4 Ivy Lane, Princeton, NJ 08544 (United States); Bogdanovic, Tamara; Reynolds, Christopher S., E-mail: email@example.com, E-mail: email@example.com, E-mail: email@example.com, E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com [Department of Astronomy, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742 (United States)
Properties of O VI Absorption in the Local Interstellar Medium
We report on the properties of LISM O VI absorption observed with 20 km/s resolution FUSE observations of 39 white dwarfs (WDs) ranging in distance from 37 to 230 pc with a median distance of 109 pc. LISM O VI is detected with >2sigma significance along 24 of 39 lines of sight. The column densities range from log N(O VI) = 12.38 to 13.60 with a median value of 13.10. The line of sight volume density, n(O VI) = N(O VI)/d exhibits a large dispersion ranging from (0.68 to 13.0)x10(-8) cm(-3) with an average value 3.6x10(-8) cm(-3) twice larger than found for more distant sight lines in the Galactic disk. The narrowest profiles are consistent with thermal Doppler broadening of O VI near its temperature of peak abundance, 2.8x10(5) K. Comparison of the average velocities of O VI and C II absorption reveals 10 cases where the O VI absorption is closely aligned with the C II absorption as expected if the O VI is formed in a condensing interface between the cool and warm absorption and a hot exterior gas. The comparison also reveals 13 cases where O VI absorption is displaced to positive velocity by 7 to 29 km/s from the average velocity of C II. The positive velocity O VI appears to be tracing the evaporative flow of O VI from a young interface between warm gas and a hot exterior medium. However, it is possible the positive velocity O VI is instead tracing cooling hot Local Bubble (LB) gas. The properties of the O VI absorption in the LISM are broadly consistent with the expectations of the theory of conductive interfaces caught in the old condensing phase and possibly in the young evaporative phase of their evolution.
Blair D. Savage; Nicholas Lehner
Molecular gas in the intergalactic medium of Stephan's Quintet
Stephan's Quintet (SQ) is a Hickson Compact Group well known for its complex dynamical and star formation history and its rich intergalactic medium (IGM). In order to study the extent, origin and fate of the intergalactic molecular gas and its relation to the formation of stars outside galaxies and Tidal Dwarf Galaxies (TDGs), we mapped with the IRAM 30m antenna carbon monoxide (CO) towards several regions of the IGM in SQ. In two star forming regions (SQ A and B), situated in very different environments, we detected unusually large amounts of molecular gas ($3.1 \\times 10^9$ \\msun and $7 \\times 10^8$ \\msun, respectively), covering an extended area (between 15 and 25 kpc). In both regions the CO clouds have different properties and may be of a distinct nature. The integrated CO line of SQ A is in particular much wider than in SQ B. Its CO spectrum shows emission at two velocities (6000 and 6700 \\kms), coincident with two HI lines, with the stronger emission at 6000 \\kms being very smoothly distributed without a distinct peak in the starburst region. In SQ B the CO emission coincides with that of tracers of star formation (\\halpha, near-infrared 15 $\\mu$m and radio continuum). The CO peak lies close to the HI peak towards a steep HI gradient. This is indicating that the molecular gas is forming in-situ, with subsequent star formation taking place. The star forming region at SQ B is the object in SQ that most resembles a TDG.
Ute Lisenfeld; Stephane Leon; Jonathan Braine; Pierre-Alain Duc; Vassilis Charmandaris; Elias Brinks
Probing the existence of medium pulmonary crackles via model-based clustering
The objective of this study is to probe the existence of a third crackle type, medium, besides the traditionally accepted types, namely, fine and coarse crackles and, furthermore, to explore the representative parameter values for each crackle type. ... Keywords: BIC, Coarse, EM clustering, Fine crackle types, Medium, Pulmonary crackles
Mete Yeginer; Yasemin P. Kahya
A lattice Boltzmann model for electromagnetic waves propagating in a one-dimensional dispersive medium
A first-order extended lattice Boltzmann (LB) model with special forcing terms for one-dimensional Maxwell equations exerting on a dispersive medium, described either by the Debye or Drude model, is proposed in this study. The time dependent dispersive ... Keywords: Debye model, Dispersive medium, Drude model, Electromagnetic waves, Lattice Boltzmann method, Lorentz model
Poting Chen; Chen-Hao Wang; Jeng-Rong Ho
1. Gas als inkompressibles Medium Schtzen Sie den Druck im Staupunkt und die Dichtende-
h 1. Gas als inkompressibles Medium Schätzen Sie den Druck im Staupunkt und die Dichteände- rung im ist. Unter welchen Bedingungen kann man ein Gas als ein inkompressibles Medium betrachten? 2 Kontaktgebietes, die Druckverteilung im Kontaktgebiet und die Eindrucktiefe als Funktion der Normalkraft zu bestim
Berlin,Technische Universität
Medium-Range, Monthly, and Seasonal Prediction for Europe and the Use of Forecast Information
Operational probabilistic (ensemble) forecasts made at ECMWF during the European summer heat wave of 2003 indicate significant skill on medium (3�10 day) and monthly (10�30 day) time scales. A more general �unified� analysis of many medium-range, ...
Mark J. Rodwell; Francisco J. Doblas-Reyes
Control System Development for an Advanced-Technology Medium-Duty Hybrid Electric Truck
03TB-45 Control System Development for an Advanced-Technology Medium-Duty Hybrid Electric Truck and vehicle test results for a medium-duty hybrid electric truck are reported in this paper. The design the benchmark vehicle. INTRODUCTION Hybrid powertrain is among the most visible transportation technology
Grizzle, Jessy W.
Parametric analysis of entropy generation in a channel filled with a porous medium
The entropy generation of a mixed convection flow in an inclined channel filled with a porous medium, is studied in the present paper. The constant flow rate is considered upward and the uniform wall heat flux is into the channel. The analytical solutions ... Keywords: differential equations, entropy generation, mixed convection, porous medium
Dalia Sabina Cimpean; Ioan Pop
Behaviour of oil ganglia displaced by a surfactant solution in a porous medium
L-97 Behaviour of oil ganglia displaced by a surfactant solution in a porous medium J. C. Moulu'importance relative des forces de viscosité et des forces capillaires. Abstract. 2014 The velocity of oil ganglia residual oil phase by water injection in a porous medium [1, 2]. These studies have demonstrated
Paris-Sud XI, Université de
Modeling of decentralized linear observer and tracker for a class of unknown interconnected large-scale sampled-data nonlinear systems with closed-loop decoupling property
A novel low-order modeling of decentralized linear observer-based tracker is presented in this paper for a class of unknown interconnected large-scale sampled-data nonlinear systems with closed-loop decoupling property. The appropriate (low-)order decentralized ... Keywords: Digital redesign, Large-scale system, Observer, Observer/Kalman filter identification, Tracker
Jason Sheng-Hong Tsai; Nien-Tsu Hu; Po-Chuan Yang; Shu-Mei Guo; Leang-San Shieh
Teleportation of a two-qubit arbitrary unknown state using a four-qubit genuine entangled state with the combination of bell-state measurements
We propose a protocol transferring an arbitrary unknown two-qubit state using the quantum channel of a four-qubit genuine entangled state. Simplifying the four-qubit joint measurement to the combination of Bell-state measurements, it can be realized more easily with currently available technologies.
Dong, Li; Xiu, Xiao-Ming, E-mail: email@example.com [Dalian University of Technology, School of Physics and Optoelectronic Technology (China)] [Dalian University of Technology, School of Physics and Optoelectronic Technology (China); Ren, Yuan-Peng [Bohai University, Higher Professional Technical Institute (China)] [Bohai University, Higher Professional Technical Institute (China); Gao, Ya-Jun [Bohai University, College of Mathematics and Physics (China)] [Bohai University, College of Mathematics and Physics (China); Yi, X. X. [Dalian University of Technology, School of Physics and Optoelectronic Technology (China)] [Dalian University of Technology, School of Physics and Optoelectronic Technology (China)
GRB 130606A AS A PROBE OF THE INTERGALACTIC MEDIUM AND THE INTERSTELLAR MEDIUM IN A STAR-FORMING GALAXY IN THE FIRST Gyr AFTER THE BIG BANG
We present high signal-to-noise ratio Gemini and MMT spectroscopy of the optical afterglow of the gamma-ray burst (GRB) 130606A at redshift z = 5.913, discovered by Swift. This is the first high-redshift GRB afterglow to have spectra of comparable quality to those of z Almost-Equal-To 6 quasars. The data exhibit a smooth continuum at near-infrared wavelengths that is sharply cut off blueward of 8410 A due to absorption from Ly{alpha} at redshift z Almost-Equal-To 5.91, with some flux transmitted through the Ly{alpha} forest between 7000 and 7800 A. We use column densities inferred from metal absorption lines to constrain the metallicity of the host galaxy between a lower limit of [Si/H] {approx}> -1.7 and an upper limit of [S/H] {approx}< -0.5 set by the non-detection of S II absorption. We demonstrate consistency between the dramatic evolution in the transmission fraction of Ly{alpha} seen in this spectrum over the redshift range z = 4.9-5.85 with that previously measured from observations of high-redshift quasars. There is an extended redshift interval of {Delta}z = 0.12 in the Ly{alpha} forest at z = 5.77 with no detected transmission, leading to a 3{sigma} upper limit on the mean Ly{alpha} transmission fraction of {approx}<0.2% (or {tau}{sub GP}{sup eff} (Ly{alpha}) > 6.4). This is comparable to the lowest-redshift Gunn-Peterson troughs found in quasar spectra. Some Ly{beta} and Ly{gamma} transmission is detected in this redshift window, indicating that it is not completely opaque, and hence that the intergalactic medium (IGM) is nonetheless mostly ionized at these redshifts. We set a 2{sigma} upper limit of 0.11 on the neutral fraction of the IGM at the redshift of the GRB from the lack of a Ly{alpha} red damping wing, assuming a model with a constant neutral density. GRB 130606A thus for the first time realizes the promise of GRBs as probes of the first galaxies and cosmic reionization.
Chornock, Ryan; Berger, Edo; Lunnan, Ragnhild; Drout, Maria R.; Fong Wenfai; Laskar, Tanmoy [Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138 (United States); Fox, Derek B. [Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Pennsylvania State University, 525 Davey Laboratory, University Park, PA 16802 (United States); Roth, Katherine C., E-mail: email@example.com [Gemini Observatory, 670 North Aohoku Place, Hilo, HI 96720 (United States)
High pressure xenon ionization detector
A method is provided for detecting ionization comprising allowing particles that cause ionization to contact high pressure xenon maintained at or near its critical point and measuring the amount of ionization. An apparatus is provided for detecting ionization, the apparatus comprising a vessel containing a ionizable medium, the vessel having an inlet to allow high pressure ionizable medium to enter the vessel, a means to permit particles that cause ionization of the medium to enter the vessel, an anode, a cathode, a grid and a plurality of annular field shaping rings, the field shaping rings being electrically isolated from one another, the anode, cathode, grid and field shaping rings being electrically isolated from one another in order to form an electric field between the cathode and the anode, the electric field originating at the anode and terminating at the cathode, the grid being disposed between the cathode and the anode, the field shaping rings being disposed between the cathode and the grid, the improvement comprising the medium being xenon and the vessel being maintained at a pressure of 50 to 70 atmospheres and a temperature of 0.degree. to 30.degree. C.
Markey, John K. (New Haven, CT)
A method is provided for detecting ionization comprising allowing particles that cause ionization to contact high pressure xenon maintained at or near its critical point and measuring the amount of ionization. An apparatus is provided for detecting ionization, the apparatus comprising a vessel containing a ionizable medium, the vessel having an inlet to allow high pressure ionizable medium to enter the vessel, a means to permit particles that cause ionization of the medium to enter the vessel, an anode, a cathode, a grid and a plurality of annular field shaping rings, the field shaping rings being electrically isolated from one another, the anode, cathode, grid and field shaping rings being electrically isolated from one another in order to form an electric field between the cathode and the anode, the electric field originating at the anode and terminating at the cathode, the grid being disposed between the cathode and the anode, the field shaping rings being disposed between the cathode and the grid, the improvement comprising the medium being xenon and the vessel being maintained at a pressure of 50 to 70 atmospheres and a temperature of 0 to 30 C. 2 figs.
Markey, J.K.
Although galaxies, groups, and clusters contain {approx}10% of the baryons, many more reside in the photoionized and shocked-heated intergalactic medium (IGM) and in the circumgalactic medium (CGM). We update the baryon census in the (H I) Ly{alpha} forest and warm-hot IGM (WHIM) at 10{sup 5-6} K traced by O VI {lambda}1032, 1038 absorption. From Enzo cosmological simulations of heating, cooling, and metal transport, we improve the H I and O VI baryon surveys using spatially averaged corrections for metallicity (Z/Z {sub Sun }) and ionization fractions (f {sub HI}, f {sub OVI}). Statistically, the O VI correction product correlates with column density, (Z/Z {sub Sun })f {sub OVI} Almost-Equal-To (0.015)(N {sub OVI}/10{sup 14} cm{sup -2}){sup 0.70}, with an N {sub OVI}-weighted mean of 0.01, which doubles previous estimates of WHIM baryon content. We also update the Ly{alpha} forest contribution to baryon density out to z = 0.4, correcting for the (1 + z){sup 3} increase in absorber density, the (1 + z){sup 4.4} rise in photoionizing background, and cosmological proper length dl/dz. We find substantial baryon fractions in the photoionized Ly{alpha} forest (28% {+-} 11%) and WHIM traced by O VI and broad-Ly{alpha} absorbers (25% {+-} 8%). The collapsed phase (galaxies, groups, clusters, CGM) contains 18% {+-} 4%, leaving an apparent baryon shortfall of 29% {+-} 13%. Our simulations suggest that {approx}15% reside in hotter WHIM (T {>=} 10{sup 6} K). Additional baryons could be detected in weaker Ly{alpha} and O VI absorbers. Further progress requires higher-precision baryon surveys of weak absorbers, down to minimum column densities N {sub HI} {>=} 10{sup 12.0} cm{sup -2}, N {sub OVI} {>=} 10{sup 12.5} cm{sup -2}, N {sub OVII} {>=} 10{sup 14.5} cm{sup -2}, using high signal-to-noise data from high-resolution UV and X-ray spectrographs.
Shull, J. Michael; Danforth, Charles W.; Smith, Britton D., E-mail: email@example.com, E-mail: email@example.com, E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com [CASA, Department of Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 (United States)
TYPE Ia SUPERNOVAE STRONGLY INTERACTING WITH THEIR CIRCUMSTELLAR MEDIUM
Owing to their utility for measurements of cosmic acceleration, Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) are perhaps the best-studied class of SNe, yet the progenitor systems of these explosions largely remain a mystery. A rare subclass of SNe Ia shows evidence of strong interaction with their circumstellar medium (CSM), and in particular, a hydrogen-rich CSM; we refer to them as SNe Ia-CSM. In the first systematic search for such systems, we have identified 16 SNe Ia-CSM, and here we present new spectra of 13 of them. Six SNe Ia-CSM have been well studied previously, three were previously known but are analyzed in depth for the first time here, and seven are new discoveries from the Palomar Transient Factory. The spectra of all SNe Ia-CSM are dominated by H{alpha} emission (with widths of {approx}2000 km s{sup -1}) and exhibit large H{alpha}/H{beta} intensity ratios (perhaps due to collisional excitation of hydrogen via the SN ejecta overtaking slower-moving CSM shells); moreover, they have an almost complete lack of He I emission. They also show possible evidence of dust formation through a decrease in the red wing of H{alpha} 75-100 days past maximum brightness, and nearly all SNe Ia-CSM exhibit strong Na I D absorption from the host galaxy. The absolute magnitudes (uncorrected for host-galaxy extinction) of SNe Ia-CSM are found to be -21.3 mag {<=} M{sub R} {<=} -19 mag, and they also seem to show ultraviolet emission at early times and strong infrared emission at late times (but no detected radio or X-ray emission). Finally, the host galaxies of SNe Ia-CSM are all late-type spirals similar to the Milky Way, or dwarf irregulars like the Large Magellanic Cloud, which implies that these objects come from a relatively young stellar population. This work represents the most detailed analysis of the SN Ia-CSM class to date.
Silverman, Jeffrey M. [Department of Astronomy, University of Texas, Austin, TX 78712-0259 (United States); Nugent, Peter E. [Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 (United States); Gal-Yam, Avishay; Arcavi, Iair; Ben-Ami, Sagi [Benoziyo Center for Astrophysics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100 (Israel); Sullivan, Mark [School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ (United Kingdom); Howell, D. Andrew; Graham, Melissa L. [Las Cumbres Observatory Global Telescope Network, Goleta, CA 93117 (United States); Filippenko, Alexei V.; Bloom, Joshua S.; Cenko, S. Bradley; Clubb, Kelsey I. [Department of Astronomy, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-3411 (United States); Cao, Yi; Horesh, Assaf; Kulkarni, Shrinivas R. [Cahill Center for Astrophysics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125 (United States); Chornock, Ryan; Foley, Ryan J. [Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Cambridge, MA 02138 (United States); Coil, Alison L. [Department of Physics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 (United States); Griffith, Christopher V. [Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802 (United States); Kasliwal, Mansi M., E-mail: email@example.com [Observatories of the Carnegie Institution of Science, Pasadena, CA 91101 (United States); and others
Functional Annotation and Mechanistic Characterization of Enzymes with Unknown Functions: Studies on Adenine Deaminase, N-6-Methyladenine Deaminase and the C-P Lyase Pathway
Adenine deaminase (ADE) catalyzes the conversion of adenine to hypoxanthine. Mechanistic characterization of ADE from Escherichia coli was performed along with biophysical studies. The structure of ADE was solved from A. tumefaciens. The structure, along with the biochemical and biophysical characterization, enabled the elucidation of the mechanism of the deaminase reaction of ADE. Elucidation of the origin of the oxygenation reactions within ADE led to the discovery of a promiscuous catalase reaction. The diiron ADE from all tested bacterial species exhibited this unusual reaction, along with the generation of superoxide and hydroxyl radicals, the latter being responsible for the oxygenation of the protein. The residues that were identified to be oxygenated were primarily the metal binding residues implying the origin of this reaction was the binuclear iron center. A group of bacterial enzymes that are co-localized in the same genomic operon as ADE but of unknown function were identified. The enzyme Bh0637 from Bacillus halodurans, a representative member of this group of enzymes was characterized. This enzyme was shown to preferentially catalyze the deamination of epigenetic base, N-6-methyadenine. Lastly, gram-negative bacteria have a highly conserved phn operon composed of 14 genes to break the C-P bond of inert alkylphosphonates. The genes phnGHIJKLM are absolutely critical for this activity. We discovered that methylphosphonate reacts first with MgATP to form alpha-D-ribose-1-methylphosphonate-5-triphosphate (RPnTP) and adenine by the action of PhnI, PhnG, PhnH and PhnL. PhnI by itself was shown to perform a novel nucleosidase reaction converting MgATP to ribose-5-triphosphate and adenine. The triphosphate moiety of RPnTP is then hydrolyzed to pyrophosphate and alpha-D-ribose-1-methylphosphonate-5-phosphate (PRPn) by PhnM. The carbon-phosphorus bond of PRPn is subsequently cleaved via a radical-based reaction to alpha-D-ribose-1,2-cyclic-phosphate-5-phosphate (PRcP) and methane in the presence of S-adenosyl-L-methionine by PhnJ.
Kamat, Siddhesh
Vibration control of a flexible arm for the ITER maintenance using unknown visual features from inside the vessel
In this paper we present a vibration control scheme for a long-reach inspection arm in an environment as constrained as a fusion reactor. The ultra-high vacuum, the high operating temperature, the significant residual magnetic field and the nuclear activation ...
Gregory Dubus; Olivier David; Yvan Measson
Benchmark Evaluation of the Medium-Power Reactor Experiment Program Critical Configurations
A series of small, compact critical assembly (SCCA) experiments were performed in 1962-1965 at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory Critical Experiments Facility (ORCEF) for the Medium-Power Reactor Experiment (MPRE) program. The MPRE was a stainless-steel clad, highly enriched uranium (HEU)-O2 fuelled, BeO reflected reactor design to provide electrical power to space vehicles. Cooling and heat transfer were to be achieved by boiling potassium in the reactor core and passing vapor directly through a turbine. Graphite- and beryllium-reflected assemblies were constructed at ORCEF to verify the critical mass, power distribution, and other reactor physics measurements needed to validate reactor calculations and reactor physics methods. The experimental series was broken into three parts, with the third portion of the experiments representing the beryllium-reflected measurements. The latter experiments are of interest for validating current reactor design efforts for a fission surface power reactor. The entire series has been evaluated as acceptable benchmark experiments and submitted for publication in the International Handbook of Evaluated Criticality Safety Benchmark Experiments and in the International Handbook of Evaluated Reactor Physics Benchmark Experiments.
Margaret A. Marshall; John D. Bess
Neutrino mass hierarchy determination and other physics potential of medium-baseline reactor neutrino oscillation experiments
Medium-baseline reactor neutrino oscillation experiments (MBRO) have been proposed to determine the neutrino mass hierarchy (MH) and to make precise measurements of the neutrino oscillation parameters. With sufficient statistics, better than ~3%/\\sqrt{E} energy resolution and well understood energy non-linearity, MH can be determined by analyzing oscillation signals driven by the atmospheric mass-squared difference in the survival spectrum of reactor antineutrinos. With such high performance MBRO detectors, oscillation parameters, such as \\sin^22\\theta_{12}, \\Delta m^2_{21}, and \\Delta m^2_{32}, can be measured to sub-percent level, which enables a future test of the PMNS matrix unitarity to ~1% level and helps the forthcoming neutrinoless double beta decay experiments to constrain the allowed values. Combined with results from the next generation long-baseline beam neutrino and atmospheric neutrino oscillation experiments, the MH determination sensitivity can reach higher levels. In addition to the neutrino oscillation physics, MBRO detectors can also be utilized to study geoneutrinos, astrophysical neutrinos and proton decay. We propose to start a U.S. R&D program to identify, quantify and fulfill the key challenges essential for the success of MBRO experiments.
A. B. Balantekin; H. Band; R. Betts; J. J. Cherwinka; J. A. Detwiler; S. Dye; K. M. Heeger; R. Johnson; S. H. Kettell; K. Lau; J. G. Learned; C. J. Lin; J. J. Ling; B. Littlejohn; D. W. Liu; K. B. Luk; J. Maricic; K. McDonald; R. D. McKeown; J. Napolitano; J. C. Peng; X. Qian; N. Tolich; W. Wang; C. White; M. Yeh; C. Zhang; T. Zhao
Model-Based Analysis of Electric Drive Options for Medium-Duty Parcel Delivery Vehicles: Preprint
Medium-duty vehicles are used in a broad array of fleet applications, including parcel delivery. These vehicles are excellent candidates for electric drive applications due to their transient-intensive duty cycles, operation in densely populated areas, and relatively high fuel consumption and emissions. The National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) conducted a robust assessment of parcel delivery routes and completed a model-based techno-economic analysis of hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) and plug-in hybrid electric vehicle configurations. First, NREL characterized parcel delivery vehicle usage patterns, most notably daily distance driven and drive cycle intensity. Second, drive-cycle analysis results framed the selection of drive cycles used to test a parcel delivery HEV on a chassis dynamometer. Next, measured fuel consumption results were used to validate simulated fuel consumption values derived from a dynamic model of the parcel delivery vehicle. Finally, NREL swept a matrix of 120 component size, usage, and cost combinations to assess impacts on fuel consumption and vehicle cost. The results illustrated the dependency of component sizing on drive-cycle intensity and daily distance driven and may allow parcel delivery fleets to match the most appropriate electric drive vehicle to their fleet usage profile.
Barnitt, R. A.; Brooker, A. D.; Ramroth, L.
Laser utilizing a gaseous lasing medium and method for operating the same
The invention relates to an improvement in gas lasers and a method of operating the same. In one aspect, the invention is an improved method for operating a high-power gas laser. The improvement comprises introducing the gas lasing medium tangentially to the laser tube at a pressure establishing a forced vortex in the tube. The vortex defines an axially extending core region characterized by a low pressure and temperature relative to the gas inlet and the exterior of the vortex. An electrical discharge is established in the core region to initiate lasing of the gas. The gas discharge from the tube is passed through a diffuser. As in conventional gas lasers, firing results in a very abrupt increase in gas temperature and in severe disruption of the gas. However, the gas vortex almost immediately restores the gas to its pre-firing condition. That is, almost all of the waste heat is transferred radially to the laser wall, and the original gas-flow pattern is restored. As a result, the power output of the laser is increased significantly, and the laser firing repetition rate is markedly increased.
Zerr, Bruce A. (Harriman, TN)
The invention relates to an improvement in gas lasers and a method of operating the same. In one aspect, the invention is an improved method for operating a high-power gas laser. The improvement comprises introducing the gas lasing medium tangentially to the laser tube at a pressure establishing a forced vortex in the tube. The vortex defines an axially extending core region characterized by a low pressure and temperature relative to the gas inlet and the exterior of the vortex. An electrical discharge is established in the core region to initiate lasing of the gas. The gas discharge from the tube is passed through a diffuser. As in conventional gas lasers, firing results in a very abrupt increase in gas temperature and in severe disruption of the gas. However, the gas vortex, almost immediately restores the gas to its prefiring condition. That is, almost all of the waste heat is transferred radially to the laser wall, and the original gas-flow pattern is restored. As a result, the power output of the laser is increased significantly, and the laser firing repetition rate is markedly increased.
Zerr, B.A.
Design concepts for flash steam systems for use with medium temperature geothermal water
Medium temperature water can be utilized for production of electrical energy when it is available in massive quantities. The design concepts herein are to provide a base for feasibility studies and evaluate processes with consideration of the economics of developing this electrical energy on a commercial scale. Two methods of producing electrical energy with geothermal water are being considered. The methods discussed in this document are by the flashing process of producing steam for driving turbine-generators. Flash steam systems were evaluated for use with 300/sup 0/F water. Single and multiflash systems were evaluated and component size sensitivity to operating pressures were studied. It was determined that a double flash system is the most practical system. Net power production of approximately 2.4 megawatts/million pounds per hour of brine is estimated for the double flash system which operates at an initial flash pressure of 30 psia and a second stage pressure of 13 psia. Flash pressures below atmospheric are not recommended due to oxygen leakage into the system. Sensitivity analysis has indicated that the power output is not highly sensitive to the first stage flash pressure. A significant loss in power output occurs if the second stage pressure is increased significantly.
Whitbeck, J.F.
Analysis of the growth of strike-slip faults using effective medium theory
Increases in the dimensions of strike-slip faults including fault length, thickness of fault rock and the surrounding damage zone collectively provide quantitative definition of fault growth and are commonly measured in terms of the maximum fault slip. The field observations indicate that a common mechanism for fault growth in the brittle upper crust is fault lengthening by linkage and coalescence of neighboring fault segments or strands, and fault rock-zone widening into highly fractured inner damage zone via cataclastic deformation. The most important underlying mechanical reason in both cases is prior weakening of the rocks surrounding a fault's core and between neighboring fault segments by faulting-related fractures. In this paper, using field observations together with effective medium models, we analyze the reduction in the effective elastic properties of rock in terms of density of the fault-related brittle fractures and fracture intersection angles controlled primarily by the splay angles. Fracture densities or equivalent fracture spacing values corresponding to the vanishing Young's, shear, and quasi-pure shear moduli were obtained by extrapolation from the calculated range of these parameters. The fracture densities or the equivalent spacing values obtained using this method compare well with the field data measured along scan lines across the faults in the study area. These findings should be helpful for a better understanding of the fracture density/spacing distribution around faults and the transition from discrete fracturing to cataclastic deformation associated with fault growth and the related instabilities.
Aydin, A.; Berryman, J.G.
Hot Plasma Waves Surrounding the Schwarzschild Event Horizon in a Veselago Medium
This paper investigates wave properties of hot plasma in a Veselago medium. For the Schwarzschild black hole, the $3+1$ GRMHD equations are re-formulated which are linearly perturbed and then Fourier analyzed for rotating (non-magnetized and magnetized) plasmas. The graphs of wave vector, refractive index and change in refractive are used to discuss the wave properties. The results obtained confirm the presence of Veselago medium for both rotating (non-magnetized and magnetized) plasmas. This work generalized the isothermal plasma waves in the Veselago medium to hot plasma case.
Investigation of NO{sub x} conversion characteristics in a porous medium
The conversion of nitric oxide (using CNG/air as fuel/oxidizer) inside a porous medium is investigated in this study. Unlike freely propagating flames, porous burners provide a solid medium that facilitates heat exchange with the gaseous phase. The heat exchange allows the stabilization of a variety of fuel mixtures from lean to rich and with a variety of calorific values. In addition, it allows the control of the reaction zone temperature and thus the control of pollutant formation while maintaining flame stability. An experimental porous burner was designed and manufactured for this purpose. The effects of equivalence ratio and flow velocity on the flame stabilization, NO{sub x} and TFN (total fixed nitrogen) conversion ratios, and temperature profiles along the burner are investigated. In addition, numerical calculations using the PLUG flow simulator model and the GRI 3.0 kinetic mechanism reveals the key reactions which control the conversion efficiency. It was found that under slightly fuel-rich conditions ({phi}{1.3) a large proportion of NO{sub x} converts to NH{sub 3}. Results from experiments and numerical modeling showed that the temperature profile along the burner has significant effects on the NO{sub x} and TFN conversion ratios. It was also found that temperatures between 1000 and 1500 K are most desirable for NO{sub x} and TFN conversion in the porous burner. Analysis of the chemical paths for the low- and high-equivalence-ratio cases showed that the formation of nitrogen-containing species under very rich conditions ({phi}>1.3) is due to the increased importance of the HCNO path as compared to the HNO path. The latter is the dominant path at low equivalence ratios ({phi}{<=}1.3) and leads to the formation of N{sub 2}. The NO concentration in the initial mixture was found to improve the conversion by up to 20% at low equivalence ratios ({phi}{<=}1.3) and to have negligible effect at higher equivalence ratios. (author)
Afsharvahid, S.; Ashman, P.J.; Dally, B.B. [The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005 (Australia)
Medium-Power Lead-Alloy Reactors: Missions for This Reactor Technology
A multiyear project at the Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology investigated the potential of medium-power lead-alloy-cooled technology to perform two missions: (1) the production of low-cost electricity and (2) the burning of actinides from light water reactor (LWR) spent fuel. The goal of achieving a high power level to enhance economic performance simultaneously with adoption of passive decay heat removal and modularity capabilities resulted in designs in the range of 600-800 MW(thermal), which we classify as a medium power level compared to the lower [{approx}100 MW(thermal)] and higher [2800 MW(thermal)] power ratings of other lead-alloy-cooled designs. The plant design that was developed shows promise of achieving all the Generation-IV goals for future nuclear energy systems: sustainable energy generation, low overnight capital cost, a very low likelihood and degree of core damage during any conceivable accident, and a proliferation-resistant fuel cycle. The reactor and fuel cycle designs that evolved to achieve these missions and goals resulted from study of the following key trade-offs: waste reduction versus reactor safety, waste reduction versus cost, and cost versus proliferation resistance. Secondary trade-offs that were also considered were monolithic versus modular design, active versus passive safety systems, forced versus natural circulation, alternative power conversion cycles, and lead versus lead-bismuth coolant.These studies led to a selection of a common modular design with forced convection cooling, passive decay heat removal, and a supercritical CO{sub 2} power cycle for all our reactor concepts. However, the concepts adopt different core designs to optimize the achievement of the two missions. For the low-cost electricity production mission, a design approach based on fueling with low enriched uranium operating without costly reprocessing in a once-through cycle was pursued to achieve a long operating cycle length by enhancing in-core breeding. For the actinide-burning mission three design variants were produced: (1) a fertile-free actinide burner, i.e., a single-tier strategy, (2) a minor actinide burner with plutonium burned in the LWR fleet, i.e., a two-tier strategy, and (3) an actinide burner with characteristics balanced to also favor economic electricity production.
Todreas, Neil E. [Massachusetts Institute of Technology (United States); MacDonald, Philip E. [INEEL0Bechtel BWXT Idaho (United States); Hejzlar, Pavel [Massachusetts Institute of Technology (United States); Buongiorno, Jacopo [Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory (United States); Loewen, Eric P. [Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory (United States)
Nano-Composite Dielectrics on Medium-Voltage Model Cables
EPRI early recognized the potential for nanotechnology in power distribution and started a program in 2003 to explore the possibilities of using the technology to enhance the properties of high-voltage (HV) cable dielectrics based on both polyethylene and on ethylene-propylene rubber. This research resulted in encouraging findings, particularly for a formulation based on functionalized silicon dioxide nanoparticles in a cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) polymer. Following this success, EPRI entered into a...
Analysis of medium-BTU gasification condensates, June 1985-June 1986
This report provides the final results of chemical and physical analysis of condensates from biomass gasification systems which are part of the US Department of Energy Biomass Thermochemical Conversion Program. The work described in detail in this report involves extensive analysis of condensates from four medium-BTU gasifiers. The analyses include elemental analysis, ash, moisture, heating value, density, specific chemical analysis, ash, moisture, heating value, density, specific chemical analysis (gas chromatography/mass spectrometry, infrared spectrophotometry, Carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry) and Ames Assay. This work was an extension of a broader study earlier completed of the condensates of all the gasifers and pyrolyzers in the Biomass Thermochemical Conversion Program. The analytical data demonstrates the wide range of chemical composition of the organics recoverd in the condensates and suggests a direct relationship between operating temperature and chemical composition of the condensates. A continuous pathway of thermal degradation of the tar components as a function of temperature is proposed. Variations in the chemical composition of the organic in the tars are reflected in the physical properties of tars and phase stability in relation to water in the condensate. The biological activity appears to be limited to the tars produced at high temperatures as a result of formation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in high concentrations. Future studies of the time/temperature relationship to tar composition and the effect of processing atmosphere should be undertaken. Further processing of the condensates either as wastewater treatment or upgrading of the organics to useful products is also recommended. 15 refs., 4 figs., 4 tabs.
Elliott, D.C.
"Shelter within my reach" : medium rise apartment housing for the middle income group in Karachi, Pakistan
This thesis identifies the project development processes of medium rise (five storied or less) apartment housing built by the private formal sector, catering to the middle income groups in Karachi, Pakistan. Middle income ...
Mahmood, Saman, 1972-
The role of information technology in small and medium enterprises in the Brazilian oil offshore industry
Suppliers of oil companies, even Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs), have to strive for continuous technological development and excellence at management. In this scenario, the adequate use of Information Technology (IT) stands out as a supporting factor ...
Francisco Duarte; Suzana Dantas Hecksher; Roberto dos Santos Bartholo Junior
Implementing Software Process Improvement Initiatives in Small and Medium-Size Enterprises in Brazil
Appropriate process implementation approaches are fundamental for Small and Medium-size Enterprises (SMEs) to obtain the most of Software Process Improvement (SPI) benefits. COPPE/UFRJ has been providing SPI consultancy services to the Brazilian software ...
Gleison Santos; Mariano Montoni; Jucele Vasconcellos; Savio Figueiredo; Reinaldo Cabral; Cristina Cerdeiral; Anne Elise Katsurayama; Peter Lupo; David Zanetti; Ana Regina Rocha
A Short-Range to Early-Medium-Range Ensemble Prediction System for the European Area
An ensemble prediction system, especially designed for the short to early-medium range for the European domain, is presented. The initial perturbations of each ensemble are based on singular vectors that maximize the 3-day total energy error ...
H. Hersbach; R. Mureau; J. D. Opsteegh; J. Barkmeijer
In-Medium Modifications of Scalar Charm Mesons in Nuclear Matter
Employing QCD sum rules the in-medium modifications of scalar charm mesons in a cold nuclear matter environment are estimated. The mass splitting of D*-D*-bar is quantified.
Hilger, Thomas
The design of a compact integral medium size PWR : the CIRIS
The International Reactor Innovative and Secure (IRIS) is an advanced medium size, modular integral light water reactor design, rated currently at 1000 MWt. IRIS design has been under development by over 20 organizations ...
Shirvan, Koroush
Evaluation of Probabilistic Medium-Range Temperature Forecasts from the North American Ensemble Forecast System
Ensemble temperature forecasts from the North American Ensemble Forecast System were assessed for quality against observations for 10 cities in western North America, for a 7-month period beginning in February 2007. Medium-range probabilistic ...
Doug McCollor; Roland Stull
Further Evaluation of the National Meterological Center's Medium-Range Forecast Model Precpitation Forecasts
Precipitation forecasts made by the National Meteorological Center's medium-range forecast (MRF) model are evaluated for the period, 1 March 1987 to 31 March 1989. As shown by Roads and Maisel, the MRF model wet bias was substantially alleviated ...
John O. Roads; T. Norman Maisal; Jordan Alpert
Applicability of Effective-Medium Theories to problems of Scattering and Absorption by Nonhomogeneous Atmospheric Particles
Effective-medium theories yield effective dielectric functions (or, equivalently, refractive indices) of composite media. Such theories have been formulated that go beyond the Maxwell-Garnett and Bruggeman theories, which art restricted to media ...
Craig F. Bohren
Power Line Communication as a Transmission Medium for OpenADR...
Power Line Communication as a Transmission Medium for OpenADR Signals Speaker(s): Javier Matanza Domingo Date: December 14, 2011 - 1:30pm Location: 90-3075 Seminar HostPoint of...
Use of Medium-Range Numerical Weather Prediction Model Output to Produce Forecasts of Streamflow
This paper examines an archive containing over 40 years of 8-day atmospheric forecasts over the contiguous United States from the NCEP reanalysis project to assess the possibilities for using medium-range numerical weather prediction model output ...
Martyn P. Clark; Lauren E. Hay
Quantitative Flood Forecasting on Small- and Medium-Sized Basins: A Probabilistic Approach for Operational Purposes
The forecast of rainfall-driven floods is one of the main themes of analysis in hydrometeorology and a critical issue for civil protection systems. This work describes a complete hydrometeorological forecast system for small- and medium-sized ...
Francesco Silvestro; Nicola Rebora; Luca Ferraris
Selective collision based medium access control protocol for proactive protection of privacy for RFID
RFID is rapidly being deployed because of its versatility. However, the privacy problem cannot be handled effectively because of limited capability of RFID tags. We propose a secure medium access control(MAC) protocol to solve the privacy problem. Our ...
JuSung Park; Jeonil Kang; DaeHun Nyang
Analysis of asset health : an approach to monitoring and diagnostics for medium voltage circuit breakers
The Medium Voltage Electric Industry is a very conservative and risk adverse sector that has undergone very little change in the past 30 years when compared to other technologically dependent activities; this reality is ...
Corona, Erick (Erick Gustavo)
Power Plant Electrical Reference Series: Guide for Rewinding and Reconditioning Medium Voltage Electric Motors: Volume 17
When medium-voltage motors fail, plant managers and other utility personnel have to oversee repair and rewinding. This guide provides a short-course approach to medium voltage motor repair, with sample specifications and check-off sheets to help the nonspecialist get the best service from the repair shop. The guide can also serve as a technical reference for the specialist.BackgroundThe 16 previous volumes of EPRI's Power Plant Electrical Reference Series ...
Light transmission through and its complete stoppage in an ultra slow wave optical medium
Light Wave transmission -- its compression, amplification, and the optical energy storage -- in an Ultra Slow Wave Medium (USWM) is studied analytically. Our phenomenological treatment is based entirely on the continuity equation for the optical energy flux, and the well known distribution-product property of Dirac delta-function. The results so obtained provide a clear understanding of some recent experiments on light transmission and its complete stoppage in an USWM. Keywords : Ultra slow light, stopped light, slow wave medium, EIT.
V., Ranjith
Green's Function expansion of scalar and vector fields in the presence of a medium
Based on a canonical approach and functional-integration techniques, a series expansion of Green's function of a scalar field, in the presence of a medium, is obtained. A series expansion for Lifshitz-energy, in finite-temperature, in terms of the susceptibility of the medium is derived and the whole formalism is generalized to the case of electromagnetic field in the presence of some dielectrics. A covariant formulation of the problem is presented.
Fardin Kheirandish; Shahriar Salimi
Engineering Technical Training Modules - Medium Voltage System Protection and Coordination Version 1.0
The purpose of this training module is to provide a basic understanding of protective relaying and coordination typically provided for medium voltage power systems. This module provides a discussion on current and potential transformers, the protective relays typically used as well as considerations for equipment protection and coordination or selective tripping. Medium voltage motor, transformer, and bus protection applications are covered. Lesson 4 focuses on emergency diesel generator protection in n...
Technical Support Document: 50% Energy Savings Design Technology Packages for Medium Office Buildings
This Technical Support Document (TSD) describes the process and methodology for development of the Advanced Energy Design Guide for Medium Offices (AEDG-MO or the Guide), a design guidance document which intends to provide recommendations for achieving 50% energy savings in medium office buildings that just meet the requirements of ANSI/ASHRAE/IESNA Standard 90.1-2004, Energy Standard for Buildings Except Low-Rise Residential Buildings.
Thornton, Brian A.; Wang, Weimin; Lane, Michael D.; Rosenberg, Michael I.; Liu, Bing
Plant Support Engineering: Aging Management Program Guidance for Medium- Voltage Cable Systems for Nuclear Power Plants
Regulatory and management concern regarding the reliability of medium-voltage cable systems at nuclear plants has been increasing for 5�10 years. The staff of the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) are concerned that wetted (up to and including submergence) medium-voltage cable circuits may be degrading to the point at which multiple cable circuits may fail when called on to perform functions affecting safety. Utility managers are concerned that cables may fail, causing adverse safety consequences ...
Hybrid derivative-free extended Kalman filter for unknown lever arm estimation in tightly coupled DGPS/INS integration
Differential carrier phase observations from GPS (Global Positioning System) integrated with high-rate sensor measurements, such as those from an inertial navigation system (INS) or an inertial measurement unit (IMU), in a tightly coupled approach can ... Keywords: Global positioning system (GPS), Inertial measurement unit (IMU), Kalman filter, Lever arm
Yanrui Geng; Richard Deurloo; Luisa Bastos
We present a detailed imaging and spectral analysis of the merging environment of the bimodal cluster A3395 using X-ray and radio observations. X-ray images of the cluster show five main constituents of diffuse emission: A3395 NE, A3395 SW, A3395 NW, A3395 W, and a filament connecting NE to W. X-ray surface brightness profiles of the cluster did not show any shock fronts in the cluster. Temperature and entropy maps show high-temperature and high-entropy regions in the W, the NW, the filament, and between the NE and SW subclusters. The NE, SW, and W components have X-ray bolometric luminosities similar to those of rich clusters of galaxies but have relatively higher temperatures. Similarly, the NW component has X-ray bolometric luminosity similar to that of isolated groups but with much higher temperature. It is, therefore, possible that all the components of the cluster have been heated by the ongoing mergers. The NE subcluster is the most massive and luminous constituent and other subclusters are found to be gravitationally bound to it. The W component is most probably either a clump of gas stripped off the SW due to ram pressure or a separate subcluster that has merged or is merging with the SW. No X-ray cavities are seen associated with the wide-angle-tailed (WAT) radio source near the center of the SW subcluster. Minimum energy pressure in the radio emission peaks of the WAT galaxy is comparable with the external thermal pressure. The radio spectrum of the WAT suggests a spectral age of {approx}10 Myr.
Lakhchaura, Kiran; Singh, K. P. [Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, 1 Homi Bhabha Road, Mumbai 400005 (India); Saikia, D. J. [National Centre for Radio Astrophysics, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Pune University Campus, Pune 411007 (India); Hunstead, R. W., E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com [Sydney Institute for Astronomy, School of Physics, University of Sydney, NSW 2006 (Australia)
From the warm magnetized atomic medium to molecular clouds
{It has recently been proposed that giant molecular complexes form at the sites where streams of diffuse warm atomic gas collide at transonic velocities.} {We study the global statistics of molecular clouds formed by large scale colliding flows of warm neutral atomic interstellar gas under ideal MHD conditions. The flows deliver material as well as kinetic energy and trigger thermal instability leading eventually to gravitational collapse.} {We perform adaptive mesh refinement MHD simulations which, for the first time in this context, treat self-consistently cooling and self-gravity.} {The clouds formed in the simulations develop a highly inhomogeneous density and temperature structure, with cold dense filaments and clumps condensing from converging flows of warm atomic gas. In the clouds, the column density probability density distribution (PDF) peaks at $\\sim 2 \\times 10^{21} \\psc$ and decays rapidly at higher values; the magnetic intensity correlates weakly with density from $n \\sim 0.1$ to $10^4 \\pcc$, and then varies roughly as $n^{1/2}$ for higher densities.} {The global statistical properties of such molecular clouds are reasonably consistent with observational determinations. Our numerical simulations suggest that molecular clouds formed by the moderately supersonic collision of warm atomic gas streams.}
P. Hennebelle; R. Banerjee; E. Vazquez-Semadeni; R. Klessen; E. Audit
Analysis of industrial markets for low and medium Btu coal gasification. [Forecasting
Low- and medium-Btu gases (LBG and MBG) can be produced from coal with a variety of 13 existing and 25 emerging processes. Historical experience and previous studies indicate a large potential market for LBG and MBG coal gasification in the manufacturing industries for fuel and feedstocks. However, present use in the US is limited, and industry has not been making substantial moves to invest in the technology. Near-term (1979-1985) market activity for LBG and MBG is highly uncertain and is complicated by a myriad of pressures on industry for energy-related investments. To assist in planning its program to accelerate the commercialization of LBG and MBG, the Department of Energy (DOE) contracted with Booz, Allen and Hamilton to characterize and forecast the 1985 industrial market for LBG and MBG coal gasification. The study draws five major conclusions: (1) There is a large technically feasible market potential in industry for commercially available equipment - exceeding 3 quadrillion Btu per year. (2) Early adopters will be principally steel, chemical, and brick companies in described areas. (3) With no additional Federal initiatives, industry commitments to LBG and MBG will increase only moderately. (4) The major barriers to further market penetration are lack of economic advantage, absence of significant operating experience in the US, uncertainty on government environmental policy, and limited credible engineering data for retrofitting industrial plants. (5) Within the context of generally accepted energy supply and price forecasts, selected government action can be a principal factor in accelerating market penetration. Each major conclusion is discussed briefly and key implications for DOE planning are identified.
A CDMA-based Medium . . . UnderWater Acoustic Sensor Networks
UnderWater Acoustic Sensor Networks (UW-ASNs) ... performing collaborative monitoring tasks. In this article, UW-MAC, a distributed Medium Access Control (MAC) protocol designed for UW-ASNs, is introduced. The proposed MAC protocol is a transmitter-based Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) scheme that incorporates a novel closed-loop distributed algorithm to jointly set the optimal transmit power and code length. CDMA is the most promising physical layer and multiple access technique for UW-ASNs because it is robust to frequencyselective fading, it compensates for the effect of multipath at the receiver, and it allows receivers to distinguish among signals simultaneously transmitted by multiple devices. UW-MAC aims at achieving three objectives, i.e., guarantee i) high network throughput, ii) low channel access delay, and iii) low energy consumption. It is demonstrated that UW-MAC simultaneously achieves these three objectives in deep water communications (where the ocean depth is more than 100 m), which are usually not severely affected by multipath. In shallow water communications, which may be heavily affected by multipath, it dynamically finds the optimal trade-off among these objectives according to the application requirements. UW-MAC is the first protocol that leverages CDMA properties to achieve multiple access to the scarce underwater bandwidth, while other protocols tailored for this environment have considered CDMA merely from a physical layer perspective. Experiments show that UW-MAC outperforms many existing MAC protocols tuned for the underwater environment under different architecture scenarios and simulation settings.
Dario Pompili; Tommaso Melodia; Ian F. Akyildiz
We have performed extensive two-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic simulations to study the amplification of magnetic fields when a supernova blast wave propagates into a turbulent interstellar plasma. The blast wave is driven by injecting high pressure in the simulation domain. The interstellar magnetic field can be amplified by two different processes, occurring in different regions. One is facilitated by the fluid vorticity generated by the 'rippled' shock front interacting with the background turbulence. The resulting turbulent flow keeps amplifying the magnetic field, consistent with earlier work. The other process is facilitated by the growth of the Rayleigh-Taylor instability at the contact discontinuity between the ejecta and the shocked medium. This can efficiently amplify the magnetic field and tends to produce the highest magnetic field. We investigate the dependence of the amplification on numerical parameters such as grid-cell size and on various physical parameters. We show that the magnetic field has a characteristic radial profile such that the downstream magnetic field gets progressively stronger away from the shock. This is because the downstream magnetic field needs a finite time to reach the efficient amplification, and will get further amplified in the Rayleigh-Taylor region. In our simulation, we do not observe a systematic strong magnetic field within a small distance to the shock. This indicates that if the magnetic-field amplification in supernova remnants indeed occurs near the shock front, other processes such as three-dimensional instabilities, plasma kinetics, and/or cosmic ray effect may need to be considered to explain the strong magnetic field in supernova remnants.
Guo Fan; Li Shengtai; Li Hui; Li, David [Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545 (United States); Giacalone, Joe; Jokipii, J. R. [Department of Planetary Sciences and Lunar and Planetary Laboratory, University of Arizona, 1629 E. University Blvd., Tucson, AZ 85721 (United States)
Visualizing multiphase flow and trapped fluid configurations in a model three-dimensional porous medium
We report an approach to fully visualize the flow of two immiscible fluids through a model three-dimensional (3D) porous medium at pore-scale resolution. Using confocal microscopy, we directly image the drainage of the medium by the non-wetting oil and subsequent imbibition by the wetting fluid. During imbibition, the wetting fluid pinches off threads of oil in the narrow crevices of the medium, forming disconnected oil ganglia. Some of these ganglia remain trapped within the medium. By resolving the full 3D structure of the trapped ganglia, we show that the typical ganglion size, and the total amount of residual oil, decreases as the capillary number Ca increases; this behavior reflects the competition between the viscous pressure in the wetting fluid and the capillary pressure required to force oil through the pores of the medium. This work thus shows how pore-scale fluid dynamics influence the trapped fluid configurations in multiphase flow through 3D porous media.
Krummel, Amber T; M�nster, Stefan; Weitz, David A; 10.1002/aic.14005
System and method for monitoring water content or other dielectric influences in a medium
A sensor system is provided that measures water content or other detectable properties in a medium along the entire length of the sensor at any point in time. The sensor system includes an electromagnetic signal generator and a transmission line disposed in a medium to be monitored. Alternatively, the transmission line can be configured for movement across a medium to be monitored, or the transmission line can be fixed relative to a moving medium being monitored. A signal is transmitted along the transmission line at predetermined frequencies, and the signal is returned back along the transmission line and/or into an optional receive line in proximity to the transmission line. The returned signal is processed to generate a one-dimensional data output profile that is a function of a detectable property of the medium. The data output profile can be mapped onto a physical system to generate a two-dimensional or three-dimensional profile if desired. The sensor system is useful in a variety of different applications such as agriculture, horticulture, biofiltration systems for industrial offgases, leak detection in landfills or drum storage facilities at buried waste sites, and in many other applications.
Cherry, Robert S. (Idaho Falls, ID); Anderson, Allen A. (Firth, ID)
Amber T. Krummel; Sujit S. Datta; Stefan M�nster; David A. Weitz
Ammonia as an Alternative Energy Storage Medium for Hydrogen Fuel Cells: Scientific and Technical Review for Near-Term Stationary Power Demonstration Projects, Final Report
Alternative Energy Storage Medium for Hydrogen Fuel Cells:Alternative Energy Storage Medium for Hydrogen Fuel Cells:based energy storage system to produce hydrogen for a fuel
Lipman, Tim; Shah, Nihar
Method for measuring dose-equivalent in a neutron flux with an unknown energy spectra and means for carrying out that method
A method for measuring the dose-equivalent for exposure to an unknown and/or time varing neutron flux which comprises simultaneously exposing a plurality of neutron detecting elements of different types to a neutron flux and combining the measured responses of the various detecting elements by means of a function, whose value is an approximate measure of the dose-equivalent, which is substantially independent of the energy spectra of the flux. Also, a personnel neutron dosimeter, which is useful in carrying out the above method, comprising a plurality of various neutron detecting elements in a single housing suitable for personnel to wear while working in a radiation area.
Distenfeld, Carl H. (Mattituck, NY)
Energy dependence of $\\bar{K}N$ interaction in nuclear medium
When the $\\bar{K}N$ system is submerged in nuclear medium the $\\bar{K}N$ scattering amplitude and the final state branching ratios exhibit a strong energy dependence when going to energies below the $\\bar{K}N$ threshold. A sharp increase of $\\bar{K}N$ attraction below the $\\bar{K}N$ threshold provides a link between shallow $\\bar{K}$-nuclear potentials based on the chiral $\\bar{K}N$ amplitude evaluated at threshold and the deep phenomenological optical potentials obtained in fits to kaonic atoms data. We show the energy dependence of the in-medium $K^{-}p$ amplitude and demonstrate the impact of energy dependent branching ratios on the $\\Lambda$-hypernuclear production rates. \\keywords{kaon-nucleon amplitude \\and nuclear medium \\and hypernuclei
A. Cieply
Integrating 3D and 2D computer generated imagery for the comics medium
Advances in 3D computer technology have led to aesthetic experimentation within the comics medium. Comic creators have produced comic books done entirely with 3D models that are then assembled digitally for the printed page. However, in using these 3D objects in a comic format, the creators have developed art styles that do not adhere to the paradigms established by this traditionally 2D medium. More successful results can be achieved by integrating 3D computer generated imagery with traditional 2D imagery, rather than replacing it. This thesis develops a method of combining rendered 3D models with 2D vector graphics to create a comic book art style that is consistent with the traditional medium, while still taking advantage of the new technology.
DeLuna, Ruben
Method and apparatus for communicating computer data from one point to another over a communications medium
The present invention is directed toward a communications channel comprising a link level protocol, a driver, a receiver, and a canceller/equalizer. The link level protocol provides logic for DC-free signal encoding and recovery as well as supporting many features including CRC error detection and message resend to accommodate infrequent bit errors across the medium. The canceller/equalizer provides equalization for destabilized data signals and also provides simultaneous bi-directional data transfer. The receiver provides bit deskewing by removing synchronization error, or skewing, between data signals. The driver provides impedance controlling by monitoring the characteristics of the communications medium, like voltage or temperature, and providing a matching output impedance in the signal driver so that fewer distortions occur while the data travels across the communications medium.
Arneson, Michael R. (Chippewa Falls, WI); Bowman, Terrance L. (Sumner, WA); Cornett, Frank N. (Chippewa Falls, WI); DeRyckere, John F. (Eau Claire, WI); Hillert, Brian T. (Chippewa Falls, WI); Jenkins, Philip N. (Eau Claire, WI); Ma, Nan (Chippewa Falls, WI); Placek, Joseph M. (Chippewa Falls, WI); Ruesch, Rodney (Eau Claire, WI); Thorson, Gregory M. (Altoona, WI)
China-Medium and Long Term Energy Conservation Plan | Open Energy
Medium and Long Term Energy Conservation Plan Medium and Long Term Energy Conservation Plan Jump to: navigation, search Name China-Medium and Long Term Energy Conservation Plan Agency/Company /Organization Government of China Sector Energy Focus Area Energy Efficiency, Renewable Energy Topics Implementation, Policies/deployment programs, Background analysis Resource Type Publications Website http://www.beconchina.org/ener Country China UN Region Eastern Asia References China EE[1] Overview "Energy conservation is a long-term strategic guideline in China's economic and social development, and an extremely urgent matter at present. The NDRC has therefore formulated the Plan of Energy Conservation, which aims to push the whole society towards energy conservation and energy intensity reduction, to remove energy bottlenecks, to build an energy
Quantum field theory in the presence of a medium: Green's function expansions
Starting from a Lagrangian and using functional-integration techniques, series expansions of Green's function of a real scalar field and electromagnetic field, in the presence of a medium, are obtained. The parameter of expansion in these series is the susceptibility function of the medium. Relativistic and nonrelativistic Langevin-type equations are derived. Series expansions for Lifshitz energy in finite temperature and for an arbitrary matter distribution are derived. Covariant formulations for both scalar and electromagnetic fields are introduced. Two illustrative examples are given.
Kheirandish, Fardin [Department of Physics, Islamic Azad University, Shahreza-Branch, Shahreza (Iran, Islamic Republic of); Salimi, Shahriar [Department of Physics, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj (Iran, Islamic Republic of)
Axial thermal medium delivery tubes and retention plates for a gas turbine rotor
In a multi-stage turbine rotor, tubes are disposed in openings adjacent the rotor rim for flowing a thermal medium to rotor buckets and returning spent thermal medium. The tubes have axially spaced lands of predetermined wall thickness with thin-walled tube sections between the lands and of increasing thickness from the forward to the aft ends of the tubes. A pair of retention plates are carried on the aft end face of the aft wheel and straddle the tube and engage against a shoulder on the tube to preclude displacement of the tube in an aft direction.
Diode-pumped caesium vapour laser with closed-cycle laser-active medium circulation
The creation of a caesium vapour laser with closed-cycle circulation of the laser-active medium is first reported. The power of the laser radiation amounted to {approx}1 kW with the 'light-to-light' conversion efficiency of {approx}48 %. Quasi-two-dimensional computational model of the laser operation that provides adequate description of experimental results is considered. Calculated and experimental dependences of the laser radiation power on the temperature of the cuvette walls, laser medium pressure and pump power are presented.
Bogachev, A V; Garanin, Sergey G; Dudov, A M; Eroshenko, V A; Kulikov, S M; Mikaelian, G T; Panarin, V A; Pautov, V O; Rus, A V; Sukharev, Stanislav A
Effective Diffusion-Medium Thickness for Simplified Polymer-Electrolyte-Fuel-Cell Modeling
In this manuscript, conformal mapping is applied to a rib/channel domain of a polymer-electrolyte-fuel-cell diffusion medium. The analysis leads to the calculation of an effective diffusion-medium thickness, which can subsequently be used in 1-D simulations to account for the average rib/channel 2-D geometric effect. Extensions of the analysis to anisotropic and multilayer diffusion media are also given. Both equations and figures show the impact on a given variable at the catalyst layer of having a combined conducting/nonconducting boundary across from it.
Weber, Adam; Weber, Adam Z.
Validation of short and medium term operational solar radiation forecasts in the US
This paper presents a validation of the short and medium term global irradiance forecasts that are produced as part of the US data set. The short term forecasts that extend up to 6-h ahead are based upon cloud motion derived from consecutive geostationary satellite images. The medium term forecasts extend up to 6-days-ahead and are modeled from gridded cloud cover forecasts from the US National Digital Forecast Database. The forecast algorithms are validated against ground measurements for seven climatically distinct locations in the United States for 1 year. An initial analysis of regional performance using satellite-derived irradiances as a benchmark reference is also presented. (author)
Perez, Richard; Kivalov, Sergey; Schlemmer, James; Hemker, Karl Jr. [ASRC, University at Albany, Albany, New York (United States); Renne, David [National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado (United States); Hoff, Thomas E. [Clean Power Research, Napa, California (United States)
Nuclear medium cooling scenario in the light of new Cas A cooling data and the 2 M_sun pulsar mass measurements
Recently, Elshamounty et al. performed a reanalysis of the surface temperature of the neutron star in the supernova remnant Cassiopeia A on the basis of Chandra data measured during last decade, and added a new data point. We show that all reliably known temperature data of neutron stars including those belonging to Cassiopea A can be comfortably explained in our "nuclear medium cooling" scenario of neutron stars. The cooling rates account for medium-modified one-pion exchange in dense matter, polarization effects in the pair-breaking-formation processes operating on superfluid neutrons and protons paired in the 1S_0 state, and other relevant processes. The emissivity of the pair-breaking-formation process in the 3P_2 state is a tiny quantity within our scenario. Crucial for a successful description of the Cassiopeia A cooling proves to be the thermal conductivity from both, the electrons and nucleons, being reduced by medium effects. Moreover, we exploit an EoS which stiffens at high densities due to an excluded volume effect and is capable of describing a maximum mass of 2.1 M_sun, thus including the recent measurements of PSR J1614-2230 and PSR J0348+0432.
D. Blaschke; H. Grigorian; D. N. Voskresensky
High energy bursts from a solid state laser operated in the heat capacity limited regime
High energy bursts are produced from a solid state laser operated in a heat capacity limited regime. Instead of cooling the laser, the active medium is thermally well isolated. As a result, the active medium will heat up until it reaches some maximum acceptable temperature. The waste heat is stored in the active medium itself. Therefore, the amount of energy the laser can put out during operation is proportional to its mass, the heat capacity of the active medium, and the temperature difference over which it is being operated. The high energy burst capacity of a heat capacity operated solid state laser, together with the absence of a heavy, power consuming steady state cooling system for the active medium, will make a variety of applications possible. Alternately, cooling takes place during a separate sequence when the laser is not operating. Industrial applications include new material working processes.
Albrecht, Georg (Livermore, CA); George, E. Victor (Livermore, CA); Krupke, William F. (Pleasanton, CA); Sooy, Walter (Pleasanton, CA); Sutton, Steven B. (Manteca, CA)
High energy bursts are produced from a solid state laser operated in a heat capacity limited regime. Instead of cooling the laser, the active medium is thermally well isolated. As a result, the active medium will heat up until it reaches some maximum acceptable temperature. The waste heat is stored in the active medium itself. Therefore, the amount of energy the laser can put out during operation is proportional to its mass, the heat capacity of the active medium, and the temperature difference over which it is being operated. The high energy burst capacity of a heat capacity operated solid state laser, together with the absence of a heavy, power consuming steady state cooling system for the active medium, will make a variety of applications possible. Alternately, cooling takes place during a separate sequence when the laser is not operating. Industrial applications include new material working processes. 5 figs.
Albrecht, G.; George, E.V.; Krupke, W.F.; Sooy, W.; Sutton, S.B.
A Review of Quantitative Precipitation Forecasts and Their Use in Short- to Medium-Range Streamflow Forecasting
Unknown future precipitation is the dominant source of uncertainty for many streamflow forecasts. Numerical weather prediction (NWP) models can be used to generate quantitative precipitation forecasts (QPF) to reduce this uncertainty. The ...
Lan Cuo; Thomas C. Pagano; Q. J. Wang
High School
High School Please click on the title for more information about each program. Nano*High Nano High Saturday presentations for Bay Area high school students Science Bowl Science...
CD-ROM (compact disc-read only memory): A delivery medium for CBT (computer-based training)
Computer-based training (CBT) development has evolved from electronic page turners to a sophisticated instructional environment. The use of numerous large image files, large digital audio files, and complex computer-generated graphics files places great demands on a system's capacity for binary storage (disk space). One solution is the use of compact disc-read only memory (CD-ROM). The explosive growth of CD-ROM players in the marketplace makes CD-ROM a viable delivery medium for CBT. Recently, a CBT package for radiation protection technicians at Los Alamos National Laboratory was produced on CD-ROM. The course is delivered on a multimedia system consisting of the following: MS DOS-based computer, CD-ROM player, high-resolution video graphics array monitor, scanned color images with graphic overlays, digital audio, and mouse interface. This paper will allow the reader to assess the appropriateness of CD-ROM for a specific project, report on lessons learned from the RPT project, demonstrate that CD-ROM is within reach of the average CBT developer, and provide guidelines for successfully developing CD-ROM based CBT. This paper can serve as a basic primer on how to adapt CD-ROM as a CBT medium. Some of the technical aspects that are discussed are listed here: CD-ROM basics for CBT development, availability of low-cost development environments, file organization, optimization of CD-ROM response times, effective use of digital audio and still frame graphics, and animation with CD-ROM.
Luettgen, A.L.; Houghton, F.K.; Andrews, A.E.
Polymeric medium
A PBI compound includes imidazole nitrogens at least a portion of which are substituted with a moiety containing a carbonyl group, the substituted imidazole nitrogens being bonded to carbon of the carbonyl group. At least 85% of the nitrogens may be substituted. The carbonyl-containing moiety may include RCO--, where R is alkoxy or haloalkyl. The PBI compound may exhibit a first temperature marking an onset of weight loss corresponding to reversion of the substituted PBI that is less than a second temperature marking an onset of decomposition of an otherwise identical PBI compound without the substituted moiety. The PBI compound may be included in separatory media. A substituted PBI synthesis method may include providing a parent PBI in a less than 5 wt % solvent solution. Substituting may use more than 5 equivalents in relation to the imidazole nitrogens to be substituted.
Klaehn, John R. (Idaho Falls, ID); Peterson, Eric S. (Idaho Falls, ID); Orme, Christopher J. (Shelley, ID); Jones, Michael G. (Chubbuck, ID); Wertsching, Alan K. (Idaho Falls, ID); Luther, Thomas A. (Idaho Falls, ID); Trowbridge, Tammy L. (Idaho Falls, ID)
Business Continuity Planning Resources for Small- and Medium-Sized Businesses
This document/memo summarizes existing resources and guidance on business continuity planning for small- to medium-sized businesses. DTRA will share this information with large commercial businesses who identified the need to help their suppliers and other key collaborators prepare business continuity plans in order to speed recovery from a wide-area bioterrorism incident.
Judd, Kathleen S.; Lesperance, Ann M.
Combustion System Development for Medium-Sized Industrial Gas Turbines: Meeting Tight Emission Regulations while Using
Combustion System Development for Medium-Sized Industrial Gas Turbines: Meeting Tight Emission and the oil & gas industries. The combustion system used in Solar's products are discussed along- bility for the introduction of new combustion systems for gas turbine products to enhance fuel
Ponce, V. Miguel
Application of a Medium-Range Global Hydrologic Probabilistic Forecast Scheme to the Ohio River Basin
A 10-day globally applicable flood prediction scheme was evaluated using the Ohio River basin as a test site for the period 2003�07. The Variable Infiltration Capacity (VIC) hydrology model was initialized with the European Centre for Medium-Range ...
Nathalie Voisin; Florian Pappenberger; Dennis P. Lettenmaier; Roberto Buizza; John C. Schaake
Artificial intelligence based optimization of fermentation medium for ?-glucosidase production from newly isolated strain tolypocladium cylindrosporum
A Tolypocladium cylindrosporum strain was isolated for efficiently produce extracellular thermoacidophilic ?-glucosidase (BGL). This objective of the present paper is to integrate two different artificial intelligence techniques namely artificial ... Keywords: ?-glucosidase(BGL), artificial intelligence(AI), artificial neural network(ANN), fermentation medium, genetic algorithm(GA), tolypocladium cylindrosporum
Yibo Zhang; Lirong Teng; Yutong Quan; Hongru Tian; Yuan Dong; Qingfan Meng; Jiahui Lu; Feng Lin; Xueqing Zheng
Zymomonas with improved ethanol production in medium containing concentrated sugars and acetate
Through screening of a Zymomonas mutant library the himA gene was found to be involved in the inhibitory effect of acetate on Zymomonas performance. Xylose-utilizing Zymomonas further engineered to reduce activity of the himA gene were found to have increased ethanol production in comparison to a parental strain, when cultured in medium comprising xylose and acetate.
Caimi, Perry G. (Kennett Square, PA); Chou, Yat-Chen (Lakewood, CO); Franden, Mary Ann (Centennial, CO); Knoke, Kyle (Newark, DE); Tao, Luan (Havertown, PA); Viitanen, Paul V. (West Chester, PA); Zhang, Min (Lakewood, CO); Zhang, Yuying (New Hope, PA)
Xylose utilizing Zymomonas mobilis with improved ethanol production in biomass hydrolysate medium
Xylose-utilizing, ethanol producing strains of Zymomonas mobilis with improved performance in medium comprising biomass hydrolysate were isolated using an adaptation process. Independently isolated strains were found to have independent mutations in the same coding region. Mutation in this coding may be engineered to confer the improved phenotype.
Caimi, Perry G; Hitz, William D; Viitanen, Paul V; Stieglitz, Barry
Xylose utilizing zymomonas mobilis with improved ethanol production in biomass hydrolysate medium
Caimi, Perry G; Hitz, William D; Stieglitz, Barry; Viitanen, Paul V
A method for determining the parameters of blast load on the enclosing medium and surrounding objects
A model for computing the impact of blast energy irradiated into the three-dimensional space of the enclosing medium is suggested, which makes it possible to predict the parameters of the action of an arbitrary blast source on an arbitrarily located watched object. As a consequence, it becomes possible to optimize safe conditions of the building process under virtually any conditions of blasting.
Shuifer, M. I. ['SPII Gidrospetsproekt' Company (Russian Federation)
Determination of Autoignition and Flame Speed Characteristics of Coal Gases Having Medium Heating Values
Combustion of clean, medium-Btu coal-derived gas offers a way of generating electric power from domestic coal without the sulfur oxide emissions of direct coal combustion. This initial testing yielded data on the spontaneous ignition and turbulent flame speed behavior of such gases that will be valuable for the development of low-NOx combustion systems.
Concepts of medium-range (13 days) geomagnetic forecasting Hans Gleisner *, Jurgen Watermann
Concepts of medium-range (13 days) geomagnetic forecasting Hans Gleisner *, Ju¨rgen Watermann to geomagnetic forecasting. In this report from an ongoing study within the ESA Space Weather Appli- cations of geomagnetic activity forecasts hours to days ahead. Observations of eruptive events on the Sun are nowadays
Gleisner, Hans
Current information technology needs of small to medium sized apparel manufacturers and contractors
This report documents recent efforts of the American Textile Partnership (AMTEX) Demand Activated Manufacturing Architecture (DAMA) Project to address needs that are characterized of small to medium sized apparel manufactures and contractors. Background on the AMTEX/DAMA project and objectives for this specific efforts are discussed.
Wipple, C.; Vosti, E.
Synoptic Study of a Medium-Scale Oceanic Cyclone during AMTEX '75
A severe extratropical cyclcone was initiated from a low-level medium-scale cyclone over the ocean northeast of Taiwan during the initial phase of the AMTEX '75. The analyses of Soliz and Fein were used to examine the time evolution and the three-...
Tsing-Chang Chen; Chia-Bo Chang; Donald J. Perkey
Method for encapsulating and isolating hazardous cations, medium for encapsulating and isolating hazardous cations
A method for encapsulating hazardous cations is provided comprising supplying a pretreated substrate containing the cations; contacting the substrate with an organo-silane compound to form a coating on the substrate; and allowing the coating to cure. A medium for containing hazardous cations is also provided, comprising a substrate having ion-exchange capacity and a silane-containing coating on the substrate.
Wasserman, Stephen R. (Darien, IL); Anderson, Kenneth B. (Lisle, IL); Song, Kang (Woodridge, IL); Yuchs, Steven E. (Naperville, IL); Marshall, Christopher L. (Naperville, IL)
Error Climatology of the 80-Wave Medium-Range Forecast Model
A climatology of the once-daily (0000 UTC) 1000-hPa error fields of the National Meteorological Center's 80-wave Medium-Range Forecast (MRF) model is studied. An analysis of the error field has been conducted over the contiguous United States and ...
David R. Walker; Robert E. Davis
A study of the spontaneous air flow through a moving porous medium
When a layer of porous material such as the felt moves with respect to the surrounding air, the induced pressure difference will drive the air through the moving porous material. In many industrial applications including the paper machine drying pocket ... Keywords: permeable felt, porus medium, spontaneous air flow
Jianyao Mou; G. Randall Straley; Xiaodong Wang
Annual Cycle Integration of the NMC Medium-Range Forecasting (MRF) Model
The NMC Global Spectral Model was integrated for one year. The model used is the same as the 1989 operational medium range forecast model except that the horizontal resolution was reduced from T80 to T40. Overall, the model was very successful in ...
M. Kanamitsu; K. C. Mo; E. Kalnay
Impact of Four-Quark Condensates on In-Medium Effects of Hadrons 1
Abstract. Spectral properties of hadrons in nuclear matter are treated in the framework of QCD sum rules. The influence of the ambient strongly interacting medium is encoded in various condensates. Especially, the structure of different four-quark condensates and their density dependencies in light quark systems are exemplified for the ? meson and the nucleon.
R. Thomas; T. Hilger; S. Zschocke; B. K�mpfer
Investigating Spatial Downscaling of Satellite Rainfall Data for Streamflow Simulation in a Medium-Sized Basin
The objective of this study was to investigate spatial downscaling of satellite rainfall data for streamflow prediction in a medium-sized (970 km2) river basin prone to flooding. The spatial downscaling scheme used in the study was based on the ...
Sayma Rahman; Amvrossios C. Bagtzoglou; Faisal Hossain; Ling Tang; Lance D. Yarbrough; Greg Easson
Medium-Speed Drivetrain Test Report: September 1, 2002 -- December 30, 2007
This report describes the tests conducted by researchers at the National Wind Technology Center at NREL on a 1.5-MW integrated drivetrain consisting of a single-stage, epicyclic gearbox and close-coupled medium-speed permanent-magnet generator.
Walford, C.; Lybarger, K.; Lettenmaier, T.; Roberts, D.
Calculation of higher moments of the neutron multiplication process in a time-varying medium
Available online 20 April 2007 Abstract The zero-power reactor noise theory in a steady neutron multiplying back to the late 1940's. The mathematical method mainly used in the zero-power reactor noise theory such as a power reactor, the nuclear properties of multiplying mediums, in which the transport
Procedures for Passenger Cars, Light-Duty Trucks and Medium-Duty
2001 and subsequent model-year passenger cars, light-duty trucks, and medium-duty trucks for which non-methane organic gas (NMOG) exhaust emission reduction credit is requested as a result of the use of a DOR technology on a motor vehicle radiator, air conditioning assembly, or other appropriate substrate. REFERENCES:
Technology Assimilation Across the Value Chain: An Empirical Study of Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises
In this paper, the authors study technology assimilation, aggregating technologies and assimilation stages for SMEs. The authors employ the twin lenses of organizational innovation and elements of institutional theory. The research validates some institutional ... Keywords: Adoption, Assimilation, Clusters, Innovation, Institutional Theory, Intermediaries, Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises SMEs, Value Chain
Pratyush Bharati; Abhijit Chaudhury
Average crack front velocity during subcritical fracture propagation in a heterogeneous medium
the free energy, and thus the energy barrier, via numerous competing mech- anisms like stress corrosion speed of crack growth with increasing G; a weak stress- sensitive regime II follows where transportAverage crack front velocity during subcritical fracture propagation in a heterogeneous medium
Ampuero, Jean Paul
Changes in the African monsoon region at medium-term time horizon using 12 AR4
1 Changes in the African monsoon region at medium-term time horizon using 12 AR4 coupled models.58 ° in mean) and a southward shift in 6 /11 models in the western region (-0.24°) is observed. African monsoon of land compared to oceans, which would be responsible for driving a stronger monsoonal flow inland
Grounding studies in a medium voltage DC shipboard power system with uncertain parameters
In this paper, the response surface modeling approach is applied to study the effectiveness of different grounding schemes implemented for the mitigation of single-line-to-ground faults in a simulation of a notional Medium Voltage DC shipboard power ... Keywords: Gaussian process model, Sobol indices, multivariate adaptive regression splines (MARS)
Dorca Lee; Diomar Infante; James Langston; Svetlana V. Poroseva; Michael Steurer; Thomas Baldwin
A target oriented agent to collect specific information in a chat medium
Internet and chat mediums provide important and quite useful information about human life in different societies such as their current interests, habits, social behaviors and criminal tendency. In this study, we have presented an intelligent identification ... Keywords: chat conversations, intelligent agent, machine learning, natural language processing, sex identification
Cemal K�se; �zcan �zyurt
1 DOES ACCESS TO ELECTRICITY ENABLE THE UPTAKE OF SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES IN SOUTH AFRICA? G to electricity. The socio-political benefits of the national electrification programme are documented correlation of SMMEs and electricity access in poor rural areas does sem apparent. 1. INTRODUCTION The South
Modification of the Monte Carlo method for calculation of the influence of unknown placement of solid radioactive waste on the uncertainty of dose fields at different overall container dimensions
An approach to estimating the uncertainty of initial data in calculations by the Monte Carlo method is considered. The relative geometrical position of parts of the analyzed system is assumed to be unknown. The influence of different approximations in the description of the geometrical shape of system objects is studied. The effect of unknown location and approximate shape description of solid radioactive waste in the container on the magnitude of dose fields is considered for photon transport problems.
Androsenko, P. A.; Kolganov, K. M., E-mail: email@example.com; Mogulyan, V. G. [National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Obninsk Institute for Nuclear Power Engineering (Russian Federation)
Design principle and calculations of a Scheffler fixed focus concentrator for medium temperature applications
Scheffler fixed focus concentrators are successfully used for medium temperature applications in different parts of the world. These concentrators are taken as lateral sections of paraboloids and provide fixed focus away from the path of incident beam radiations throughout the year. The paper presents a complete description about the design principle and construction details of an 8 m{sup 2} surface area Scheffler concentrator. The first part of the paper presents the mathematical calculations to design the reflector parabola curve and reflector elliptical frame with respect to equinox (solar declination = 0) by selecting a specific lateral part of a paraboloid. Crossbar equations and their ellipses, arc lengths and their radii are also calculated to form the required lateral section of the paraboloid. Thereafter, the seasonal parabola equations are calculated for two extreme positions of summer and winter in the northern hemisphere (standing reflectors). The slopes of the parabola equations for equinox (solar declination = 0), summer (solar declination = +23.5) and winter (solar declination = -23.5) for the Scheffler reflector (8 m{sup 2} surface area) are calculated to be 0.17, 0.28, and 0.13 respectively. The y-intercepts of the parabola equations for equinox, summer and winter are calculated as 0, 0.54, and -0.53 respectively. By comparing with the equinox parabola curve, the summer parabola is found to be smaller in size and uses the top part of the parabola curve while the winter parabola is bigger in size and uses the lower part of the parabola curve to give the fixed focus. For this purpose, the reflector assembly is composed of flexible crossbars and a frame to induce the required change of the parabola curves with the changing solar declination. The paper also presents the calculation procedure of seasonal parabola equations for standing reflectors in the southern hemisphere as well as for laying reflectors in the northern and southern hemispheres. Highly reflective aluminium sheets are used on the crossbar profiles to complete the concentrator. The reflector is installed at the required site by setting its axis of rotation at an angle equal to the latitude of the site. For daily tracking, these concentrators rotate along an axis parallel to the polar axis of the earth at an angular velocity of one revolution per day with the help of simpler and cheaper self-tracking devices. For seasonal tracking, the reflector rotates at half the solar declination angle with the help of a telescopic clamp mechanism. The design procedure is simple, flexible and does not need any special computational setup, thus offering the prospect of potential application in domestic as well as industrial configurations. (author)
Munir, A.; Hensel, O. [Department of Agricultural Engineering,University of Kassel, Nordbahnhofstr. 1 a 37213 Witzenhausen (Germany); Scheffler, W. [Solar Bruecke G.v.Werdenbergstr.6 D-89344 Aislingen (Germany)
Comparison between two common collocation approaches based on radial basis functions for the case of heat transfer equations arising in porous medium
In this paper two common collocation approaches based on radial basis functions have been considered; one be computed through the integration process (IRBF) and one be computed through the differentiation process (DRBF). We investigated the two approaches on natural convection heat transfer equations embedded in porous medium which are of great importance in the design of canisters for nuclear wastes disposal. Numerical results show that the IRBF be performed much better than the common DRBF, and show good accuracy and high rate of convergence of IRBF process.
K. Parand; S. Abbasbandy; S. Kazem; A. R. Rezaei
Parand, K; Kazem, S; Rezaei, A R; 10.1016/j.cnsns.2010.07.011
Radiation Therapy in the Management of Head-and-Neck Cancer of Unknown Primary Origin: How Does the Addition of Concurrent Chemotherapy Affect the Therapeutic Ratio?
Purpose: To determine how the addition of cisplatin-based concurrent chemotherapy to radiation therapy influences outcomes among a cohort of patients treated for head-and-neck cancer of unknown primary origin. Methods and Materials: The medical records of 60 consecutive patients treated by radiation therapy for squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck presenting as cervical lymph node metastasis of occult primary origin were reviewed. Thirty-two patients (53%) were treated by concurrent chemoradiation, and 28 patients (47%) were treated by radiation therapy alone. Forty-five patients (75%) received radiation therapy after surgical resection, and 15 patients (25%) received primary radiation therapy. Thirty-five patients (58%) were treated by intensity-modulated radiotherapy. Results: The 2-year estimates of overall survival, local-regional control, and progression-free survival were 89%, 89%, and 79%, respectively, among patients treated by chemoradiation, compared to 90%, 92%, and 83%, respectively, among patients treated by radiation therapy alone (p > 0.05, for all). Exploratory analysis failed to identify any subset of patients who benefited from the addition of concurrent chemotherapy to radiation therapy. The use of concurrent chemotherapy was associated with a significantly increased incidence of Grade 3+ acute and late toxicity (p < 0.001, for both). Conclusions: Concurrent chemoradiation is associated with significant toxicity without a clear advantage to overall survival, local-regional control, and progression-free survival in the treatment of head-and-neck cancer of unknown primary origin. Although selection bias cannot be ignored, prospective data are needed to further address this question.
Chen, Allen M., E-mail: email@example.com [Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA (United States); Farwell, D. Gregory [Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA (United States); Lau, Derick H. [Department of Medical Oncology, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA (United States); Li Baoqing [Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA (United States); Luu, Quang; Donald, Paul J. [Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA (United States)
Strees Corrosion Cracking Initiation of Ni-Bassed Alloys in High Temperature Water
The goal of the work is to provide stress corrosion cracking (SCC) initiation data for Alloy 600 that is not compromised by (1) specimens that suffer from stress relaxation, (2) specimens which have an unknown stress state, (3) specimens which are tested at unknown positions electrochemically relative to the Ni/NiO phase transition, and (4) testing which relies on the period of time between specimen inspection intervals to estimate SCC initiation times. The current study was aimed at studying the effects of temperature and coolant hydrogen concentration on SCC initiation in high purity, high temperature water.
E Richey; D Morton
Experimental Study of the Effect of Spray Medium on the Collection of Bio-Oil Produced from Biomass Fast Pyrolysis
The yield and properties of bio-oil are influenced by the species of spray medium used in the biomass fast pyrolysis. In this study, the GC-MS analysis of the whole bio-oil and of the mixture with isoparaffin and ethanol respectively gave information ... Keywords: biomass, pyrolysis, bio-oil, spray medium, isoparaffin
Xinbao Li; Shurong Wang; Qi Wang; Kaige Wang
MRMAC: medium reservation MAC protocol for reducing end-to-end delay and energy consumption in wireless sensor networks
This letter proposes a novel medium reservation MAC protocol that reduces both end-to-end delay and energy consumption for wireless sensor networks. MRMAC reduces endto-end delay by informing the intended receiver of NPAT (next packet arrival time) and ... Keywords: asynchronous, end-to-end delay, energy consumption, medium access control, wireless sensor networks
Jaeyoung Hong; Ingook Jang; Hanjin Lee; Suho Yang; Hyunsoo Yoon
Numerical solution for mixed convection boundary layer flow of a nanofluid along an inclined plate embedded in a porous medium
The steady mixed convection boundary layer flow of an incompressible nanofluid along a plate inclined at an angle @a in a porous medium is studied. The resulting nonlinear governing equations with associated boundary conditions are solved using an optimized, ... Keywords: FDM, FEM, Inclined plate, Mixed convection, Nanofluid, Porous medium
Puneet Rana; R. Bhargava; O. A. B�G
Overcoming Visibility Issues in a Small-to-Medium Retailer Using Automatic Identification and Data Capture Technology: An Evolutionary Approach
In this paper, the authors the inventory control practices of a small-to-medium retailer to identify common challenges this type of organization experiences with respect to automated data capture ADC and the implementation of an enterprise wide information ... Keywords: Automatic Identification and Data Capture AIDC, Barcode, Business Process, Information Systems, Inventory Control, Radio-Frequency Identification RFID, Small-to-Medium Retailer
Dane Hamilton; Katina Michael; Samuel Fosso Wamba
Power Line Communication as a Transmission Medium for OpenADR Signals
Power Line Communication as a Transmission Medium for OpenADR Signals Power Line Communication as a Transmission Medium for OpenADR Signals Speaker(s): Javier Matanza Domingo Date: December 14, 2011 - 1:30pm Location: 90-3075 Seminar Host/Point of Contact: Maya Minamihara Power Line Communication (PLC) is currently considered an emerging technology and is attracting the attention of the scientific community due to the promise of new ways to transmit information. Since this transmission path reaches wherever electricity is present, one of the main motivations is its use in all kinds of energy-related applications. Some examples are: remote-metering, remote-control and demand management. However, not everything about PLC is advantageous, due to the fact that it uses a physical media, which was not designed for transmit information, and it
Photon Green�s function and the Casimir energy in a medium
A new expansion is established for the Green�s function of the electromagnetic field in a medium with arbitrary ? and �. The obtained Born series are shown to consist of two types of interactions- the usual terms (denoted P) that appear in the Lifshitz theory combined with a new kind of terms (which we denote by Q) associated with the changes in the permeability of the medium. Within this framework the case of uniform velocity of light (?� = const) is studied. We obtain expressions for the Casimir energy density and the first non-vanishing contribution is manipulated to a simplified form. For (arbitrary) spherically symmetric � we obtain a simple expression for the electromagnetic energy density, and as an example we obtain from it the Casimir energy of a dielectric-diamagnetic ball. It seems that the technique presented can be applied to a variety of problems directly, without expanding the eigenmodes of the problem and using boundary condition considerations. 1
Israel Klich
Calculating alpha Eigenvalues in a Continuous-Energy Infinite Medium with Monte Carlo
The {alpha} eigenvalue has implications for time-dependent problems where the system is sub- or supercritical. We present methods and results from calculating the {alpha}-eigenvalue spectrum for a continuous-energy infinite medium with a simplified Monte Carlo transport code. We formulate the {alpha}-eigenvalue problem, detail the Monte Carlo code physics, and provide verification and results. We have a method for calculating the {alpha}-eigenvalue spectrum in a continuous-energy infinite-medium. The continuous-time Markov process described by the transition rate matrix provides a way of obtaining the {alpha}-eigenvalue spectrum and kinetic modes. These are useful for the approximation of the time dependence of the system.
Betzler, Benjamin R. [Los Alamos National Laboratory; Kiedrowski, Brian C. [Los Alamos National Laboratory; Brown, Forrest B. [Los Alamos National Laboratory; Martin, William R. [Los Alamos National Laboratory
This report documents recent efforts of the American Textile Partnership (AMTEX{sup TM}) Demand Activated Manufacturing Architecture (DAMA) Project to identify opportunities for cost effective enhanced information technology use by small to medium sized apparel manufacturers and contractors. Background on the AMTEX/DAMA project and objectives for the specific DAMA Small and Medium Enterprise (SME) effort are discussed in this section. The approach used to gather information about current opportunities or needs is outlined in Section 2 Approach, and relevant findings are identified and a brief analysis of the information gathered is presented in Section 3 Findings. Recommendations based on the analysis, are offered in Section 4 Recommendations, and plans are suggested for DAMA follow-on in Section 5 Future Plans. Trip reports for each of the companies visited are contained in Appendix E - Company Trip Reports. These individual reports contain the data upon which the analysis presented in Section 3 Findings is based.
Wimple, C., LLNL
Kelvin-Helmholtz instability in a strongly coupled dusty plasma medium
The Kelvin-Helmholtz (KH) instability in the context of strongly coupled dusty plasma medium has been investigated. In particular, the role of transverse shear and the compressional acoustic modes in both the linear and nonlinear regimes of the KH instability has been studied. It is observed that in addition to the conventional nonlocal KH instability, there exists a local instability in the strong coupling case. The interplay of the KH mode with this local instability shows up in the simulations as an interesting phenomenon of recurrence in the nonlinear regime. Thus, a cyclic KH instability process is observed to occur. These cyclic events are associated with bursts of activity in terms of transverse and compressional wave generation in the medium.
Tiwari, Sanat Kumar; Das, Amita; Patel, Bhavesh G. [Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat, Gandhinagar 382 428 (India); Angom, Dilip [Physical Research Laboratory, Ahmedabad 380 009 (India); Kaw, Predhiman [Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat, Gandhinagar 382 428 (India); Physical Research Laboratory, Ahmedabad 380 009 (India)
Clean Cities Guide to Alternative Fuel and Advanced Medium- and Heavy-Duty Vehicles (Book)
Today's fleets are increasingly interested in medium-duty and heavy-duty vehicles that use alternative fuels or advanced technologies that can help reduce operating costs, meet emissions requirements, improve fleet sustainability, and support U.S. energy independence. Vehicle and engine manufacturers are responding to this interest with a wide range of options across a steadily growing number of vehicle applications. This guide provides an overview of alternative fuel power systems?including engines, microturbines, electric motors, and fuel cells?and hybrid propulsion systems. The guide also offers a list of individual medium- and heavy-duty vehicle models listed by application, along with associated manufacturer contact information, fuel type(s), power source(s), and related information.
Save Energy Now Energy Assessments What Are the Benefits for Small and Medium Facilities?
February 19, 2009 February 19, 2009 Energy Assessments: What are the Benefits to Small and Medium Facilities? 2 Energy Assessments: What are the Benefits to Small and Medium Facilities? Webcast Agenda * Overview of Industrial Assessment Center (IAC) Program - Bill Prymak, US Department of Energy * Facility Assessment Process - Don Kasten, Rutgers University * Demonstration of IAC Website - Don Kasten/Michael B. Muller, Rutgers University * Q&A 3 DOE Industrial Technologies Goal: Drive a 25% reduction in industrial energy intensity by 2017. 4 EERE Goals include * Dramatically reduce, or even end, dependence on foreign oil (Goal 1) * Increase the efficiency/ reduce the energy intensity of industry (Goal 6) ITP Goal Drive a 25% reduction in U.S. industrial energy intensity by 2017 in support of the Energy
Market Assessment of Biomass Gasification and Combustion Technology for Small- and Medium-Scale Applications
190 190 July 2009 Market Assessment of Biomass Gasification and Combustion Technology for Small- and Medium-Scale Applications David Peterson and Scott Haase National Renewable Energy Laboratory 1617 Cole Boulevard, Golden, Colorado 80401-3393 303-275-3000 * www.nrel.gov NREL is a national laboratory of the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Operated by the Alliance for Sustainable Energy, LLC Contract No. DE-AC36-08-GO28308 Technical Report NREL/TP-7A2-46190 July 2009 Market Assessment of Biomass Gasification and Combustion Technology for Small- and Medium-Scale Applications David Peterson and Scott Haase Prepared under Task No. IGST.9034 NOTICE This report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the United States government.
Energy Assessments: What are the Benefits to Small and Medium Facilities?
November 6, 2008 November 6, 2008 Energy Assessments: What are the Benefits to Small and Medium Facilities? 2 Energy Assessments: What are the Benefits to Small and Medium Facilities? Webcast Agenda * Overview of Industrial Assessment Center (IAC) Program - Bill Prymak, US Department of Energy * Facility Assessment Process - Don Kasten, Rutgers University * Demonstration of IAC Website - Michael B. Muller, Rutgers University * Q&A 3 DOE Industrial Technologies Goal: Drive a 25% reduction in industrial energy intensity by 2017. 4 EERE Goals include * Dramatically reduce, or even end, dependence on foreign oil (Goal 1) * Increase the efficiency/ reduce the energy intensity of industry (Goal 6) ITP Goal Drive a 25% reduction in U.S. industrial energy intensity by 2017 in support of the Energy
Through screening of a Zymomonas mutant library the himA gene was found to be involved in the inhibitory effect of acetate on Zymomonas performance. Xylose-utilizing Zymomonas strains further engineered to reduce activity of the himA gene were found to have increased ethanol production in comparison to a parental strain, when cultured in mixed-sugars medium comprising xylose, and, in particular, in the presence of acetate.
Electrocatalytic oxidation of glycerol; 1: Behavior of palladium electrode in alkaline medium
The direct oxidation of organic compounds derived from biomass, such as alcohols, in a fuel cell is a very attractive way for converting chemical energy into electrical energy. The electrocatalytic oxidation of glycerol has been investigated at palladium electrodes in alkaline medium by electro-chemical and spectroscopic techniques. The kinetic parameters measured, together with other experimental data, allow one to suggest a mechanism. Diffusion is involved in the rate-determining step.
Yildiz, G.; Kadirgan, F. (Istanbul Teknik Univ. (Turkey))
Plant Engineering: Medium-Voltage Transformer End of Expected Life Guidance
The purpose of this report is to provide guidance to nuclear plant personnel in the determination of the point in life of medium-voltage liquid-immersed and dry-type transformers when long-term planning or contingency planning for the replacement or refurbishment is desirable to preclude end-of-life failure or when preventive maintenance is no longer cost-effective. This report provides recommendations based on historical industry data and subject matter expert (SME) ...
Production of Medium BTU Gas by In Situ Gasification of Texas Lignite
The necessity of providing clean, combustible fuels for use in Gulf Coast industries is well established; one possible source of such a fuel is to perform in situ gasification of Texas lignite which lies below stripping depths. If oxygen (rather than air) is used for gasification, the resulting medium Btu gas could be economically transported by pipeline from the gasification sites to the Gulf coast. Technical, environmental, and economic aspects of implementing this technology are discussed.
Edgar, T. F.
Solutions of Boltzmann`s Equation for Mono-energetic Neutrons in an Infinite Homogeneous Medium
DOE R&D Accomplishments (OSTI)
Boltzman's equation is solved for the case of monoenergetic neutrons created by a plane or point source in an infinite medium which has spherically symmetric scattering. The customary solution of the diffusion equation appears to be multiplied by a constant factor which is smaller than 1. In addition to this term the total neutron density contains another term which is important in the neighborhood of the source. It varies as 1/r{sup 2} in the neighborhood of a point source. (auth)
Wigner, E. P.
Plant Engineering: Medium-Voltage Cable Failure Mechanism Research, Update 5
This report compiles and extends previously published information gained from EPRI research involving medium-voltage cable failure mechanisms. Four previous reports in this series (EPRI reports 1018777, 1021069, 1022965, and 1024894) presented various results from the study of cables removed from underground applications after 29�38 years of service. The sum knowledge from that work is contained in those four documents, but to view the cumulative information and lessons learned would require ...
Automated Demand Response Technology Demonstration Project for Small and Medium Commercial Buildings
Small and medium commercial customers in California make up about 20-25% of electric peak load in California. With the roll out of smart meters to this customer group, which enable granular measurement of electricity consumption, the investor-owned utilities will offer dynamic prices as default tariffs by the end of 2011. Pacific Gas and Electric Company, which successfully deployed Automated Demand Response (AutoDR) Programs to its large commercial and industrial customers, started investigating the same infrastructures application to the small and medium commercial customers. This project aims to identify available technologies suitable for automating demand response for small-medium commercial buildings; to validate the extent to which that technology does what it claims to be able to do; and determine the extent to which customers find the technology useful for DR purpose. Ten sites, enabled by eight vendors, participated in at least four test AutoDR events per site in the summer of 2010. The results showed that while existing technology can reliably receive OpenADR signals and translate them into pre-programmed response strategies, it is likely that better levels of load sheds could be obtained than what is reported here if better understanding of the building systems were developed and the DR response strategies had been carefully designed and optimized for each site.
Page, Janie; Kiliccote, Sila; Dudley, Junqiao Han; Piette, Mary Ann; Chiu, Albert K.; Kellow, Bashar; Koch, Ed; Lipkin, Paul
Small- and Medium-Sized Commercial Building Monitoring and Controls Needs: A Scoping Study
Buildings consume over 40% of the total energy consumption in the U.S. A significant portion of the energy consumed in buildings is wasted because of the lack of controls or the inability to use existing building automation systems (BASs) properly. Much of the waste occurs because of our inability to manage and controls buildings efficiently. Over 90% of the buildings are either small-size (<5,000 sf) or medium-size (between 5,000 sf and 50,000 sf); these buildings currently do not use BASs to monitor and control their building systems from a central location. According to Commercial Building Energy Consumption Survey (CBECS), about 10% of the buildings in the U.S. use BASs or central controls to manage their building system operations. Buildings that use BASs are typically large (>100,000 sf). Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) and Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) were asked by the U.S. Department of Energy�s (DOE�s) Building Technologies Program (BTP) to identify monitoring and control needs for small- and medium-sized commercial buildings and recommend possible solutions. This study documents the needs and solutions for small- and medium-sized buildings.
Katipamula, Srinivas; Underhill, Ronald M.; Goddard, James K.; Taasevigen, Danny J.; Piette, M. A.; Granderson, J.; Brown, Rich E.; Lanzisera, Steven M.; Kuruganti, T.
New model for well test analysis in a purely fractured medium
In a porous medium the flow conduits are small and a large number of conduits are connected to the well. For this reason the medium appears to behave like a continuum on the scale of the well test, and volumetric averaging and continuum approximations are justified. On the contrary, in a fractured medium, only a small number of fractures may intersect the pumping well. These particular fractures will be stressed by a large gradient under well test conditions. Consequently, the early time behavior will be dominated by these fractures. The volumetrically averaged permeability does not control flow in the vicinity of an active well. The individual fractures close to the well must be characterized in order to understand the well test behavior especially if the hydraulic parameters of these fractures are significantly different from the average values for the entire system. In the present study, a new analytical model is proposed for well test problems in fracture networks where the matrix is impermeable. The model accounts for the difference in the flow regime around the active well from that of the system as a whole. The analytical solutions are presented in a series of type curves for ranges of dimensionless parameters. The flow properties of the fracture system can be determined by curve matching.
Karasaki, K.; Long, J.C.S.; Witherspoon, P.A.
A variational formulation of electrostatics in a medium with spatially varying dielectric permittivity
In biological and synthetic materials, many important processes involve charges that are present in a medium with spatially varying dielectric permittivity. To accurately understand the role of electrostatic interactions in such systems, it is important to take into account the spatial dependence of the permittivity of the medium. However, due to the ensuing theoretical and computational challenges, this inhomogeneous dielectric response of the medium is often ignored or excessively simplified. We develop a variational formulation of electrostatics to accurately investigate systems that exhibit this inhomogeneous dielectric response. Our formulation is based on a true energy functional of the polarization charge density. The defining characteristic of a true energy functional is that at its minimum it evaluates to the actual value of the energy; this is a feature not found in many commonly used electrostatic functionals. We explore in detail the charged systems that exhibit sharp discontinuous change in dielectric permittivity, and we show that for this case our functional reduces to a functional of only the surface polarization charge density. We apply this reduced functional to study model problems for which analytical solutions are well known. We demonstrate, in addition, that the functional has many properties that make it ideal for use in molecular dynamics simulations.
Vikram Jadhao; Francisco J. Solis; Monica Olvera de la Cruz
Analysis of the Past and Future Trends of Energy Use in Key Medium- and
the Past and Future Trends of Energy Use in Key Medium- and the Past and Future Trends of Energy Use in Key Medium- and Large-Sized Chinese Steel Enterprises, 2000-2030 Title Analysis of the Past and Future Trends of Energy Use in Key Medium- and Large-Sized Chinese Steel Enterprises, 2000-2030 Publication Type Report LBNL Report Number LBNL-6380E Year of Publication 2013 Authors Hasanbeigi, Ali, Zeyi Jiang, and Lynn K. Price Date Published 09/2013 Publisher Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Keywords china, decomposition, iron and steel industry, Low Emission & Efficient Industry Abstract The iron and steel industry is one of the most energy-intensive and polluting industries in China. This industry accounted for approximately 27% of China's primary energy use for the manufacturing industry in 2010. Also, China's steel production represented around 47% of the world steel production that year. Hence, reducing energy use and air pollutant emissions from the Chinese steel industry not only has significant implications for China but also for the entire world. For this reason, it is crucial and it is the aim of this study to analyze influential factors that affected the energy use of the steel industry in the past in order to try to quantify the likely effect of those factors in the future.
Transient gas or liquid flow along a preexisting or hydraulically-induced fracture in a permeable medium
Similarity solutions are derived for the trasient two-dimensional flow of a gas or liquid along an isolated fracture in a permeable medium. The driving pressure at the fracture inlet is constant, and the confining stress is uniform. Two different cases are considered, pre-existing fractures with uniform aperture as well as hydraulic fractures with a variable aperture proportional to the local overpressure (fluid pressure less confining stress). The evolution of the pressure distribution is described by a set of four asymptotic solutions, each having a self-similar form. At early times the flow in the fracture is turbulent, and Darcian seepage losses into the porous surroundings are negligible. At late times the flow in the fracture is laminar, and seepage losses become a dominant consideration. At intermediate times there are two alternative asymptotes, depending upon physical parameters. The mathematical model also describe the flow along a fracture which is fulled with high-permeability porous material as well as the flow in an assemblage of porous blocks. 19 refs., 10 figs.
Nilson, R.H.; Morrison, F.A. Jr.
Preliminary Design Study of Medium Sized Gas Cooled Fast Reactor with Natural Uranium as Fuel Cycle Input
In this study a feasibility design study of medium sized (1000 MWt) gas cooled fast reactors which can utilize natural uranium as fuel cycle input has been conducted. Gas Cooled Fast Reactor (GFR) is among six types of Generation IV Nuclear Power Plants. GFR with its hard neuron spectrum is superior for closed fuel cycle, and its ability to be operated in high temperature (850 deg. C) makes various options of utilizations become possible. To obtain the capability of consuming natural uranium as fuel cycle input, modified CANDLE burn-up scheme[1-6] is adopted this GFR system by dividing the core into 10 parts of equal volume axially. Due to the limitation of thermal hydraulic aspects, the average power density of the proposed design is selected about 70 W/cc. As an optimization results, a design of 1000 MWt reactors which can be operated 10 years without refueling and fuel shuffling and just need natural uranium as fuel cycle input is discussed. The average discharge burn-up is about 280 GWd/ton HM. Enough margin for criticality was obtained for this reactor.
Meriyanti; Su'ud, Zaki; Rijal, K. [Nuclear Physics and Biophysics Research Division, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Institut Teknologi Bandung (Indonesia); Zuhair; Ferhat, A. [National Nuclear Energ Agency of Indonesia (BATAN) (Indonesia); Sekimoto, H. [Research Laboratory for Nuclear Reactors, Tokyo Institute of Technology (Japan)
Distributed Algorithms for Learning and Cognitive Medium Access with Logarithmic Regret
The problem of distributed learning and channel access is considered in a cognitive network with multiple secondary users. The availability statistics of the channels are initially unknown to the secondary users and are estimated using sensing decisions. There is no explicit information exchange or prior agreement among the secondary users. We propose policies for distributed learning and access which achieve order-optimal cognitive system throughput (number of successful secondary transmissions) under self play, i.e., when implemented at all the secondary users. Equivalently, our policies minimize the regret in distributed learning and access. We first consider the scenario when the number of secondary users is known to the policy, and prove that the total regret is logarithmic in the number of transmission slots. Our distributed learning and access policy achieves order-optimal regret by comparing to an asymptotic lower bound for regret under any uniformly-good learning and access policy. We then consider t...
Anandkumar, Animashree; Tang, Ao Kevin; Swami, Ananthram
We present a catalog of Fe, Mg, Si, Ca, and Ti abundances for 2961 stars in eight dwarf satellite galaxies of the Milky Way (MW): Sculptor, Fornax, Leo I, Sextans, Leo II, Canes Venatici I, Ursa Minor, and Draco. For the purposes of validating our measurements, we also observed 445 red giants in MW globular clusters and 21 field red giants in the MW halo. The measurements are based on Keck/DEIMOS medium-resolution spectroscopy (MRS) combined with spectral synthesis. We estimate uncertainties in [Fe/H] by quantifying the dispersion of [Fe/H] measurements in a sample of stars in monometallic globular clusters (GCs). We estimate uncertainties in Mg, Si, Ca, and Ti abundances by comparing to high-resolution spectroscopic abundances of the same stars. For this purpose, a sample of 132 stars with published high-resolution spectroscopy in GCs, the MW halo field, and dwarf galaxies has been observed with MRS. The standard deviations of the differences in [Fe/H] and ([{alpha}/Fe]) (the average of [Mg/Fe], [Si/Fe], [Ca/Fe], and [Ti/Fe]) between the two samples is 0.15 and 0.16, respectively. This catalog represents the largest sample of multi-element abundances in dwarf galaxies to date. The next papers in this series draw conclusions on the chemical evolution, gas dynamics, and star formation histories from the catalog presented here. The wide range of dwarf galaxy luminosity reveals the dependence of dwarf galaxy chemical evolution on galaxy stellar mass.
Kirby, Evan N.; Cohen, Judith G. [California Institute of Technology, Department of Astronomy, Mail Stop 249-17, Pasadena, CA 91106 (United States); Guhathakurta, Puragra; Rockosi, Constance M. [University of California Observatories/Lick Observatory, Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 (United States); Simon, Joshua D. [Observatories of the Carnegie Institution of Washington, 813 Santa Barbara Street, Pasadena, CA 91101 (United States); Geha, Marla C. [Astronomy Department, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520 (United States); Sneden, Christopher [McDonald Observatory, University of Texas, Austin, TX 78712 (United States); Sohn, Sangmo Tony [Space Telescope Science Institute, 3700 San Martin Drive, Baltimore, MD 21218 (United States); Majewski, Steven R. [Department of Astronomy, University of Virginia, P.O. Box 400325, Charlottesville, VA 22904-4325 (United States); Siegel, Michael [Pennsylvania State University, 525 Davey Lab, State College, PA 16801 (United States)
Value of medium range weather forecasts in the improvement of seasonal hydrologic prediction skill
We investigated the contribution of medium range weather forecasts with lead times up to 14 days to seasonal hydrologic prediction skill over the Conterminous United States (CONUS). Three different Ensemble Streamflow Prediction (ESP)-based experiments were performed for the period 1980-2003 using the Variable Infiltration Capacity (VIC) hydrology model to generate forecasts of monthly runoff and soil moisture (SM) at lead-1 (first month of the forecast period) to lead-3. The first experiment (ESP) used a resampling from the retrospective period 1980-2003 and represented full climatological uncertainty for the entire forecast period. In the second and third experiments, the first 14 days of each ESP ensemble member were replaced by either observations (perfect 14-day forecast) or by a deterministic 14-day weather forecast. We used Spearman rank correlations of forecasts and observations as the forecast skill score. We estimated the potential and actual improvement in baseline skill as the difference between the skill of experiments 2 and 3 relative to ESP, respectively. We found that useful runoff and SM forecast skill at lead-1 to -3 months can be obtained by exploiting medium range weather forecast skill in conjunction with the skill derived by the knowledge of initial hydrologic conditions. Potential improvement in baseline skill by using medium range weather forecasts, for runoff (SM) forecasts generally varies from 0 to 0.8 (0 to 0.5) as measured by differences in correlations, with actual improvement generally from 0 to 0.8 of the potential improvement. With some exceptions, most of the improvement in runoff is for lead-1 forecasts, although some improvement in SM was achieved at lead-2.
Shukla, Shraddhanand; Voisin, Nathalie; Lettenmaier, D. P.
High-power, Ultralow-noise Semiconductor External Cavity Lasers Based on Low-confinement Optical Waveguide Gain Media
For the past several years, we have been developing a new class of high-power, low-noise semiconductor optical gain medium based on the slab-coupled optical waveguide (SCOW) concept. The key characteristics of the SCOW ...
Juodawlkis, Paul W.
On conversion of high-frequency soliton solutions to a (1+1)-dimensional nonlinear evolution equation
We derive a (1+1)-dimensional nonlinear evolution equation (NLE) which may model the propagation of high-frequency perturbations in a relaxing medium. As a result, this equation may possess three typical solutions depending on a dissipative parameter.
Kuetche Kamgang Victor; Bouetou Bouetou Thomas; Kofane Timoleon Crepin
Plant Support Engineering: Failure Mechanism Assessment of Medium Voltage Ethylene Propylene Rubber Cables
This report presents the results of research that assessed failed ethylene propylene rubber (EPR) medium-voltage (MV) cables to determine the failure mechanism. This information will be used to identify appropriate electrical tests that can be performed on in-service cable. Assessed were a 34-year-old cable manufactured by Okonite with black EPR insulation and a 20-year-old Anaconda Uni-Shieldcable with pink EPR. Both had failed, and both had experienced long-term wetting during service.
Plant Support Engineering: Failure Mechanism Assessment of Medium-Voltage Ethylene Propylene Rubber Cables - Revision 1
This report presents the results of research that assessed failed ethylene propylene rubber (EPR) medium-voltage (MV) cables to determine the failure mechanism. This information will be used to identify appropriate electrical tests that can be performed on in-service cable. Assessed were two 34-year-old cables manufactured by Okonite with black EPR insulation and a 25-year-old Anaconda UniShield cable with pink EPR. All three had failed and had experienced long-term wetting during service. This report is...
Slow light of an amplitude modulated Gaussian pulse in electromagnetically induced transparency medium
The slow light effects of an amplitude modulated Gaussian (AMG) pulse in a cesium atomic vapor are presented. In a single-$\\Lambda$ type electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) medium, more severe distortion is observed for an AMG pulse than a Gaussian one. Using Fourier spectrum analysis, we find that the distortion, as well as the loss, is dominantly caused by linear absorption than dispersion. Accordingly, a compensation method is proposed to reshape the slow light pulse based on the transmission spectrum. In addition, we find a novel way to obtain simultaneous slow and fast light.
Wenzhuo Tang; Bin Luo; Yu Liu; Hong Guo
The WHAM Northern Sky Survey and the Nature of the Warm Ionized Medium in the Galaxy
The Wisconsin H-Alpha Mapper (WHAM) has completed a velocity-resolved map of diffuse H-alpha emission of the entire northern sky, providing the first comprehensive picture of both the distribution and kinematics of diffuse ionized gas in the Galaxy. WHAM continues to advance our understanding of the physical conditions of the warm ionized medium through observations of other optical emission lines throughout the Galactic disk and halo. We discuss some highlights from the survey, including an optical window into the inner Galaxy and the relationship between HI and HII in the diffuse ISM.
Madsen, G J
The Wisconsin H-Alpha Mapper (WHAM) has completed a velocity-resolved map of diffuse H? emission of the entire northern sky, providing the first comprehensive picture of both the distribution and kinematics of diffuse ionized gas in the Galaxy. WHAM continues to advance our understanding of the physical conditions of the warm ionized medium through observations of other optical emission lines throughout the Galactic disk and halo. We discuss some highlights from the survey, including an optical window into the inner Galaxy and the relationship between H I and H II in the diffuse ISM. 1.
G. J. Madsen
Energy coservation status and needs: medium-sized commercial/industrial firms
The potential for conserving energy by Seattle City Light's commercial/industrial customers is investigated. The results of the study will help SCL and others to provide energy- and money-saving help to their medium-sized business customers. Fifty in-person interviews of firms within the SCL area and 102 mailed questionnaires from customers outside the area in Washington and Oregon were analyzed. Researchers found that many steps requiring little cost have been implemented, but instituting further hard conservation measures such as new machinery, retrofitting, or changes in machine operations are lacking. (MCW)
Spatial correction factors for YALINA Booster facility loaded with medium and low enriched fuels
The Bell and Glasstone spatial correction factor is used in analyses of subcritical assemblies to correct the experimental reactivity as function of the detector position. Besides the detector position, several other parameters affect the correction factor: the energy weighting function of the detector, the detector size, the energy-angle distribution of source neutrons, and the reactivity of the subcritical assembly. This work focuses on the dependency of the correction factor on the detector material and it investigates the YALINA Booster subcritical assembly loaded with medium (36%) and low (10%) enriched fuels. (authors)
Talamo, A.; Gohar, Y. [Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 (United States); Bournos, V.; Fokov, Y.; Kiyavitskaya, H.; Routkovskaya, C. [Joint Inst. for Power and Nuclear Research-Sosny, 99 Academician A.K.Krasin Str, Minsk 220109 (Belarus)
Sphere penetration by impact in a granular medium: A collisional process
The penetration by a gravity driven impact of a solid sphere into a granular medium is studied by two-dimensional simulations. The scaling laws observed experimentally for both the final penetration depth and the stopping time with the relevant physical parameters are here recovered numerically without the consideration of any solid friction. Collisional processes are thus found as essential in explaining the physics of the qualitatively observed phenomena whereas frictional processes can only be considered as secondary effects in the granular penetration by impact.
Antoine Seguin; Yann Bertho; Philippe Gondret; Jerome Crassous
Ridge, Bulk, and Medium Response: How to Kill Models and Learn Something in the Process
In these proceedings, we highlight experimental data (published and preliminary) related to jet quenching and the response of the medium to this deposited energy. Signatures in two- and three- particle hadron correlations indicate interesting structures near the trigger particle in azimuth and over a broad range in pseudo-rapidity, often termed "the ridge", and conical-like structures separated in azimuth opposite to the trigger particle. We review numerous theoretical interpretations of the ridge in particular with a critical eye for the key properties that allow one to discriminate between, or rule out, certain physical pictures and models (and hopefully learn something in the process).
J. L. Nagle
Tuning thermal mismatch between turbine rotor parts with a thermal medium
In a turbine rotor, an aft shaft wheel and the final-stage wheel of the rotor are coupled together, including by a rabbeted joint. During shutdown and startup of the turbine, a thermal mismatch between the aft shaft wheel and final-stage wheel is avoided by respectively heating and cooling the aft shaft wheel to maintain the thermal mismatch within acceptable limits, thereby avoiding opening of the rabbeted joint and the potential for unbalancing the rotor and rotor vibration. The thermal medium may be supplied by piping in the aft bearing cavity into the cavity between the forward closure plate and the aft shaft wheel.
Schmidt, Mark Christopher (Niskayuna, NY)
The problems associated with the disposal of toxic metals in an environmentally acceptable manner continues to plague industry. Such metals as nickel, vanadium, molybdenum, cobalt, iron, and antimony present physiological and ecological challenges that are best addressed through minimization of exposure and dispersion. A method for encapsulating hazardous cations is provided comprising supplying a pretreated substrate containing the cations; contacting the substrate with an organo-silane compound to form a coating on the substrate; and allowing the coating to cure. A medium for containing hazardous cations is also provided, comprising a substrate having ion-exchange capacity and a silane-containing coating on the substrate.
Wasserman, S.R.; Anderson, K.B.; Song, K.; Yuchs, S.E.; Marshall, C.L.
Medium Range Prediction by a GFDL Global Spectral Model: Results for Three Winter Cases and Sensitivity to Dissipation
A preliminary evaluation is made of the medium range predictive capability of a GFDL global spectral model of the atmosphere, based upon three winter blocking cases. Analogous forecasts by a GFDL global grid point model provide a background ...
Charles T. Gordon; William P. Stern
Spectral Budget Analysis of the Short-Range Forecast Error of the NMC Medium-Range Forecast Model
The budget of the systematic component of the short-range forecast error in the National Meteorological Center's Medium-Range Forecast Model (NMC MRF) is examined. The budget is computed for the spectral coefficients and the variances of ...
Masao Kanamitsu; Suranjana Saha
An Analysis of the Accuracy of 120-h Predictions by the National Meteorological Center's Medium-Range Forecast Model
An assessment was made of the 120-h predictions by the medium range forecast (MRF) run of the National Meteorological Center's (NMC's) global spectral model. The ability of the model to forecast surface cyclones and anticyclones was evaluated and ...
Mary A. Bedrick; Anthony J. Cristaldi III; Stephen J. Colucci; Daniel S. Wilks