text:
JOURNAL OF AQUATIC ANIMAL HEALTH—Guide for Authors 2014
JOURNAL OF AQUATIC ANIMAL HEALTH — Guide for Authors
(To download as a word document, click: 2014-Guide-for-authors-JAAH)
Editorial Policy
The Journal of Aquatic Animal Health serves the North American and international communities of scientists concerned with the health of aquatic organisms. We encourage the submission of papers dealing with the causes, effects, treatments, and prevention of diseases of marine and freshwater organisms, particularly fish and shellfish. We also welcome manuscripts describing biochemical and physiological investigations into fish health that relate to assessing the impacts of both environmental and pathogenic factors.
Manuscript Submission and Review
Manuscript Categories
Manuscripts may be submitted in any of the following categories: (1) Articles are reports of substantial, controlled research that will be judged on their scientific merit. Critical reviews of timely topics will also be considered in this category. Articles should ordinarily not exceed 5,000 words, excluding references and tables (about 20 double-spaced manuscript pages), but longer ones will be considered. (2) Communications are shorter papers based on more restricted study objectives, sometimes without extensive statistical data, but with sound biological observations; promising work that may lead to additional in-depth studies; thorough testing of a technique; or case histories. Such papers will be evaluated as much for their practical utility as for their scientific quality. Communications should generally not exceed 3,000 words (about 12 double-spaced manuscript pages). (3) Comments are critiques of papers published by this journal, responses to which will be invited from the original authors; brief presentations of experiences or additional data related to previously published papers; or short discussions of technical issues pertinent to the aquatic animal health community.
Submission Procedures
Manuscripts and associated correspondence should be submitted at the journal's online submission and tracking site, http://mc.manuscriptcentral.com/jaah (this site may also be accessed through the Publications section at the American Fisheries Society's Web site, www.fisheries.org). Detailed instructions, including acceptable file formats, are available at the site.
Review Process
Submitted papers will be critically reviewed by at least two experts in the relevant discipline(s) and evaluated by one of the journal's associate editors. A manuscript may be returned to its author without review if it is judged to be of poor quality or inappropriate for this journal.
All submissions are electronically screened for the inappropriate use of material from previously published sources. In submitting a paper, you are stipulating that, except where explicitly indicated otherwise, all of the statements, data, and other elements reflect your own work and not that of others. All allusions to the work of others should be properly cited; exact quotations from other sources should be in quotation marks. Authors are also cautioned not to repeat long passages from their own publications. Failure to follow these requirements may result in rejection of the paper and, in extreme cases, restrictions on publishing in this journal.
Authors have the option of anonymity; if they wish to exercise it, they should prepare their manuscripts accordingly.
Review of manuscripts relies on volunteers and can be a fairly lengthy process. However, we strive to get decisions to authors in 9–12 weeks. If revisions are requested, authors should make them promptly, normally within 30 days of receiving the editor's decision (short extensions will be allowed if there are justifiable delays). If a revision is not received within the allowed time, the paper will be considered withdrawn; late revisions will be treated as new submissions and may have to go through the review process again.
Publication Charges
Publication charges are US$100 per printed page and will be billed when the paper is in proof. Full and partial subsidies are available to voting members of the American Fisheries Society who certify that grant or agency funds are not available. Manuscript reviews are not affected by requests for subsidies; however, at least one author must be (or become) an AFS member by the time that a paper is published. Every paper published in the journal is subject to a $30 fee to offset handling costs. Authors will receive a free PDF of the published article and may purchase reprints of their paper when they receive their proofs.
Manuscript Preparation
A typical manuscript will have the following components:
Title page.—The title page should give the title of the paper and the name(s) and complete mailing address(es) of the author(s). In addition to accurately reflecting the content of the paper, the title should be short (preferably no more than 12 words) and to the point. See a recent issue of the journal for the format to use for authors' names and addresses. A suggested running head (shortened version of the title) may also be included on the title page. Keywords are not used in this journal, however, and so should not be included.
Abstract.—Articles and communications require abstracts; comments do not. The abstract should consist of one paragraph (up to 300 words for an article and up to 200 words for a communication) that concisely states why and (generally) how the study was done as well as what the results were and what they mean. It should not simply outline the contents (e.g., avoid statements to the effect that such-and-such is presented) or present the methods in detail. Citations and footnotes are not allowed in abstracts, and abbreviations should be used sparingly. Detailed statistical results (e.g., P-values) should be reserved for the main text. Because abstracts tend to be more widely read than complete papers, authors should take care to make them comprehensive, clear, and interesting.
Introduction.—The introduction should provide a context for the work to be reported. In doing so, it should present at least a general overview of previous literature on the subject, guiding the reader to the paper's purpose and importance.
Methods.—Descriptions of the methods employed in the study should be detailed enough to enable readers to repeat it. Previously published descriptions may be cited in lieu of presenting complete new ones provided that the sources are readily available (in general, avoid citations to theses, dissertations, agency reports, and similar sources in this instance). If more than one method was used or a particular method entails a series of major steps, present each method or step in a separate subsection. Appropriate tables and figures can reduce the need for detailed verbal descriptions of methods. Papers focusing entirely on techniques do not require a separate section on methods.
Results.—As a rule, it is preferable to present detailed results in tables and/or figures and to devote the text to summary statements and analyses. Display data in tables if numerical precision is important, in figures if trends are paramount. Although the presentation of a large amount of raw data is generally not meaningful, data should not be refined to the point that the reader cannot verify the analyses or use the information for other purposes. In presenting the results of statistical tests, report the type of test, the test statistic, the degrees of freedom, and the significance level (P-value). Although the value 0.05 is commonly used as the threshold in hypothesis testing, we have no specific requirements in this area; in the interest of providing useful information, authors should report all P-values. It is very important that statistical designs and models be appropriate for the studies in which they are used; we encourage authors to have a statistician review their work before submitting a paper for publication. Lastly, statistical results should be presented in biologically meaningful terms rather than in purely statistical jargon.
Authors who describe hybridomas or cell lines should state that they are willing to share their material with other interested investigators.
Discussion.—A good discussion provides broad syntheses and stresses the relevance of the paper. In it authors should indicate the significance of their research, how it relates to current knowledge, and any avenues that it suggests for further research. Informed speculation is acceptable as long as it is clearly identified as such. Authors should avoid merely restating their results and/or (re)summarizing the literature.
Acknowledgments.—In this section authors may acknowledge the sources of their funding and thank those who contributed directly to the project or the preparation of the manuscript. Dedications and acknowledgment of emotional support from family and friends are not appropriate. If all authors are employees of the U.S. Government, this section should state that the mention of specific products does not constitute endorsement by their agency.
References.—References should be selected with a view to relevance and availability, with preference given to peer-reviewed publications that are widely available. Internal reports, papers presented at conferences, articles in preparation, and so forth should be treated as unpublished and cited like personal communications (i.e., parenthetically in the text alone). Authors should obtain written permission to cite such material. Common reference formats are given below; a more complete list is given in chapter 8 of the AFS style guide, which is available at the AFS Web site as well as the manuscript submission site.
Footnotes.—Text footnotes should be kept to a minimum. Typically, they are used to report changes of address for authors, identify additional sources of data, or explain technical nomenclature (e.g., the structures of fatty acids).
Tables.—In general, tables should be designed to present related information as simply and directly as possible. A good rule of thumb is to establish the point(s) that the table is intended to make, then to select the information required to do that and determine the most logical order in which to present it. Detailed guidelines for the preparation of tables may be found in chapter 12 of the AFS style guide, but a few of the more important ones may be mentioned here:
1. We prefer to print tables in "portrait" orientation but will allow ones in "landscape" orientation as long as they take up no more than one page.
2. Tables that are too long or too wide to fit on one page can be carried over to a facing page, but authors should try to avoid creating tables that span more than two pages. In general, very large tables should appear as supplementary tables in the online version of the article only.
3. Tables should contain only three horizontal rules (lines)—one before the column headings, one after those headings, and one at the bottom of the table—and no vertical rules.
4. As a rule, captions should be detailed enough that the table can be understood apart from the text (if there is more than one table with the same general structure, only the first needs to have a detailed caption). Captions should be written so as to stress the purpose of the table and not merely list its contents in a mechanical way.
5. There should be only one set of column headings. If the information to be presented seems to require more than that, the table should be redesigned (e.g., by switching the rows and columns) or split into two or more tables.
6. Bold, centered headings may be used within the body of the table to distinguish different types of data as long as they do not conflict with the column headings.
7. Only the first letter of a row or column heading should be capitalized (along with words or symbols that would be capitalized in ordinary text).
8. The data within the body of the table should not be crowded; if need be, blank rows can be inserted to separate data into logical groups or provide guides for the eye.
9. Significant differences among multiple means should be indicated by lowercase letters, beginning with the letter "z" ("z" may mark either the highest or the lowest value[s], but subsequent letters have to follow suit); there should be no omissions in the sequence of the letters. The letters should be set on the same lines as the values to which they pertain (not as superscripts) and be separated from those values by single spaces.
10. Values less than 1.00 should be preceded by zeroes (e.g., 0.78).
11. Values need not be reported to all significant digits if a lesser number of digits conveys the information in a meaningful way.
12. Footnotes should be indicated by superscripted lowercase letters, beginning with the letter "a"; the letters may appear in the row and column headings as well as the body of the table but not in the caption. The footnotes per se should be listed on separate lines at the bottom of the table.
Figure captions.—Figure captions should appear together in a list rather than separately with each figure (however, the number of the figure and the name of the corresponding author should be given outside the image area of each figure for purposes of identification). Like table captions, figure captions should generally be detailed enough that the figure can be understood apart from the text. To the extent possible, however, panel descriptions, (full) variable names, units of measure, legends, and so forth should be included in the figure itself rather than in the caption; in no case should they be given in both places. Different panels may be designated "A," "B," and so forth, but it is preferable to give them substantive labels (e.g., "Treatment" and "Control").
Figures.—Figures include visual materials such as graphs, maps, diagrams, and photographs. Figures have proved to be one of the most troublesome aspects of the publishing process. As the Journals Department has only limited ability to modify figures, they frequently have to be sent back to the authors for correction.
At the most fundamental level, figure design should follow certain commonsense principles: figures should be as simple and straightforward as possible; have a high enough resolution to be easily readable (300 dpi or more); and be consistent in the use of lettering, line widths, and other graphic elements. In addition, they need to conform to AFS style. It is particularly important to remember that most figures will be reduced by up to 50% when printed and thus need to be designed with this in mind. We recommend that authors use a copier to reduce each figure to the width of one or two printed columns (3.50 and 7.25 inches, respectively), depending on the dimensions of the particular figure, and verify that all elements are still legible. The following are particularly problematical: bold type (which tends to blur), italic type (which tends to become less visible), dashed lines (which tend to appear continuous), dotted lines (which tend to disappear entirely), and shading in which the different shades are not distinct enough. Additional guidelines for the preparation of figures may be found in the AFS style guide.
In the print version of the journal, all figures will be reproduced in black and white unless specific arrangements have been made with the Journals Department to cover the extra costs of color printing. (In the online version, color figures will be reproduced in color at no additional charge.) Because color printing is expensive, authors are advised not to use color to distinguish phenomena when other means (different shading, symbols, and so forth) are adequate. If you use color in a figure, avoid using similar colors or shades that may be difficult for readers to distinguish. Also, in deference to readers with color blindness, avoid using red and green in the same figure.
Digital files in EPS, TIFF, and PSD formats are preferred; figures should be submitted as separate files rather than being imbedded in text files.
Mathematical and statistical expressions.—Chapter 4 of the AFS style guide covers the treatment of these expressions in detail, but a few general points may be mentioned here:
- Symbols representing variables and parameters should be italicized if they consist of single letters in the Latin alphabet (e.g., K and F). All other symbols except Greek letters may be italicized or not, provided that the treatment is consistent (e.g., CPUE or CPUE); Greek letters should not be italicized.
- Natural logarithms may be expressed as loge or ln; logarithms with other bases should identify the base (e.g., log10).
- Long equations should be "broken" at logical points, normally after an operator such as a plus or minus sign.
- Definitions of variables and parameters may be run into the text if only a few such terms are involved. If there are a number of them or they are used in more than one equation, a list is preferable (see section 4.8 of the style guide).
- Avoid the expressions "the mean length was 45.2 ± 3.84 mm" and "the mean (±SD) length was 45.2 ± 3.84 mm" because they are at best awkward and at worst inaccurate. Use the expressions "the mean ± SD length was 45.2 ± 3.84 mm" or "the mean length was 45.2 mm (SD, 3.84)" instead.
Style and Format
Published articles represent the culmination of research efforts, often lengthy and highly sophisticated ones. To do those efforts justice, however, the articles must be well written; poorly written articles not only place an unnecessary burden on readers, they also cast doubt on the quality of the research itself. Although some people naturally write better than others, most can develop the ability to write well through practice and attention to detail. The introduction to the AFS style guide should be a particularly valuable resource in this regard; in a few pages, it identifies the errors in composition mostly commonly encountered in the papers submitted to AFS journals and shows how to correct them. We also encourage authors to have other fisheries professionals critique their initial drafts with respect to presentation as well as substance. Authors whose native language is not English should make a point of having English speakers review their manuscripts before submission.
In writing for AFS journals, authors are also expected to follow certain style conventions pertaining to capitalization, spelling, punctuation, mathematical expressions, technical terms, and so forth. For instance, we require that the letter P (indicating the degree of statistical significance) be capitalized as well as italicized, whereas some journals require that it be lowercased. Although some of the more important style conventions are noted below, all of them are discussed in detail in the AFS style guide. Authors would be well advised to become familiar with the main elements of AFS style and to consult the guide frequently in preparing their manuscripts.
Resources for authors.—As suggested above, the principal resource on matters of style is the AFS style guide. Authors may also find it helpful to consult the Chicago Manual of Style (University of Chicago Press, Chicago) and Scientific Style and Format (Council of Science Editors, Chicago), though the AFS style guide always takes precedence.
The standard resource for word usage and spelling is Webster's Third New International Dictionary, as updated by the latest edition of Merriam-Webster's Collegiate Dictionary. Appendix A of the AFS style guide shows the proper way to spell many of the terms used in fisheries writing (some of which are not in the dictionary), including terms for which our preferred spelling differs from that in the dictionary.
The standard resource for the common and scientific names of North American fish species is the current edition of Common and Scientific Names of Fishes from the United States, Canada, and Mexico (American Fisheries Society, Bethesda, Maryland). For other aquatic species, authors should follow the companion publications World Fishes Important to North Americans and Common and Scientific Names of Aquatic Invertebrates from the United States and Canada (the volumes Mollusks, Decapod Crustaceans, and Cnidaria and Ctenophora are currently available in the latter series).
In most cases, scientific names should be included only at first mention in the abstract and text; full common names (e.g., "Coho Salmon" rather than simply "Coho") should be used elsewhere. The format for the first mention is
Coho Salmon Oncorhynchus kisutch,
in which all parts of the common name are capitalized and the scientific name follows the common name but is not given in parentheses. See chapter 9 of the AFS style guide for additional information on the treatment of species' names; the accepted plurals of fish names are given in Appendix C of the guide.
Names of parasitic diseases should follow "Standardized Nomenclature of Animal Parasitic Diseases (SNOAPAD)" by Kassai et al. (Veterinary Parasitology 29:299–326, 1988). Our standard sources for chemical and enzyme names are the current editions of the Merck Index (Merck & Co., Rahway, New Jersey) and Enzyme Nomenclature (Academic Press, San Diego, California), respectively. The preferred treatment of allozymes is noted in the article "Gene Nomenclature for Protein-Coding Loci in Fish" by J. B. Shaklee et al. (Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 119:2–15, 1990). Additional information on the treatment of these and other technical matters may be found in chapter 11 of the AFS style guide.
Manuscript format.—As an aid to reviewers and editors, authors should
- use a line spacing of at least space and a half for all components of the paper, including the title page, footnotes, and tables;
- number all pages sequentially and provide continuous line numbering beginning with the title page;
- use a 12-point font throughout;
- use three levels of headings, as follows: for the major sections of the paper (Methods, Results, Discussion, Acknowledgments, and References), type them flush left with initial letters capitalized (except for prepositions and conjunctions) in ordinary type, preceded by "<A>" (e.g., <A>Methods); for subsections in Results and Discussion, type them flush left with initial letters capitalized in ordinary type, preceded by "<B>" (e.g., <B>Treatment 1); and for subsections in Methods and sub-subsections in Results and Discussion, run them into the text with only the initial letter of the first word capitalized, all words italicized, and followed by a period and a long dash (e.g., Sampling design.—); and
- turn off automatic hyphenation and justification.
General style conventions.—A detailed presentation of AFS style is beyond the scope of these guidelines. The following conventions, however, are so general as to apply to virtually every paper:
- Only symbols and abbreviations included in Webster's dictionaries or listed at the end of these guidelines (as well as at the back of each printed issue of the journal) may be used without definition. All others should be defined at first use (e.g., index of biotic integrity [IBI]). Abbreviations should not be introduced unless they are used at least two more times.
- As a rule, only metric units may be used. The only exceptions are a few quantities that are typically expressed only one way (e.g., g [of medication]/lb [of feed]).
- Single-digit numbers should be spelled out unless they are used with units of measure or in conjunction with larger values (e.g., 8 Walleyes and 16 Saugers). Numbers with four or more digits should contain commas; those less than 1.00 should be preceded by zeroes.
- Ratios involving two values or units of measure should be indicated by forward slashes (e.g., 0.30 g/d); ratios involving three such terms should be indicated by negative exponents (e.g., 0.01 g×g–1 ×d–1).
- Ages of fish should be expressed by Arabic numerals and not contain plus signs (e.g., a fish is age 1 [not age 1+] from the January 1 after it hatches to the following December 31). Use "age 0" or "young of the year" instead of YOY.
- Dates may be expressed as either day–month–year (e.g., 11 January 2011) or month–day–year (e.g., January 11, 2011), provided that the same format is used throughout the paper. Note that the term "Julian day" does not mean day of the year and should not be used in that context.
- Time should be expressed in terms of the 24-hour clock followed by the word "hours" (e.g., 1435 hours rather than 2:35 p.m.).
Reference formats.—Text citations should conform to the author–year system. Examples of common types are as follows:
(Johnson 1995)
(Johnson and Smith 1996)
(Johnson et al. 1997, 1998) [three or more authors]
(Johnson et al. 1999, 2001; Smith 2000)
(Johnson 2000a, 2000b)
(Johnson, in press)
(E. M. Johnson, National Marine Fisheries Service, personal communication)
Note that with one exception citations should be listed in chronological order; the exception is that all citations to the same author(s) should be grouped together (see the fourth example above).
In reference lists, references should be in strict alphabetical order by authors' last names; if there are two or more references with the same authors, those references should then be listed chronologically. All authors must be named in references.
Detailed information on reference formats may be found in chapter 8 of the AFS style guide. The more common types are as follows:
Articles in journals
Pace, M. L., and J. D. Orcutt. 1981. The relative importance of protozoans, rotifers, and crustaceans in a freshwater zooplankton community. Limnology and Oceanography 26:822–830.
Note that (1) except for the first author, authors' initials come before their last names; (2) only the first word of the title of the article is capitalized (along with any other words that would be capitalized in ordinary text); and (3) the name of the journal is given in full.
Krebs, C. J. 1989. Ecological methodology. Harper and Row, New York.
Chapters in books
Omernik, J. M. 1995. Ecoregions: a spatial framework for environmental management. Pages 49–62 in W. S. Davis and T. P. Simon, editors. Biological assessment and criteria: tools for water resource planning and decision making. Lewis Publishers, Boca Raton, Florida.
Government reports
Reports that are issued on a regular basis are treated much like articles in journals (the principal difference being that page numbers should not be given); other reports are treated like books:
Everest, F. H., C. E. McLemore, and J. F. Ward. 1980. An improved tri-tube cryogenic gravel sampler. U.S.Forest Service Research Note PNW-350. [journal format]
USEPA (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency). 1998. Water quality criteria and standards plan: priorities for the future. USEPA, 822-R-98-003, Washington, D.C. [book format]
Electronic publications
Formats for references to electronic publications are still evolving. The important thing is to give the reader enough information to be able to locate the reference easily.
If a book or report is only available online or is available in print form but was accessed online, the reference should be formatted as follows:
Baldwin, N. A., R. W. Saalfield, M. R. Dochoda, H. J. Buettner, and R. L. Eshenroder. 2000. Commercial fish production in the Great Lakes, 1867–1996. Great Lakes Fishery Commission, Ann Arbor, Michigan. Available: www.glfc.org/databases/. (September 2000).
The month and year in parentheses indicate when the site was last accessed.
If a journal is available in print form, authors should use the standard reference format even if they accessed the article online. If a journal is only available electronically, the format depends on the way(s) in which articles are designated. Two possible formats are as follows:
Gallagher, M. B., and S. S. Heppell. 2010. Essential habitat information for age-0 rockfish along the central Oregon coast. Marine and Coastal Fisheries: Dynamics, Management, and Ecosystem Science [online serial] 2:60–72. DOI: 10.1577/C09-032.1
Kimmerer, W. J. 2004. Open-water processes of the San Francisco Estuary: from physical forcing to biological responses. San Francisco Estuary and Watershed Science [online serial] 2(1):article 1.
Symbols and Abbreviations
The following symbols and abbreviations, along with others that are approved for the Système International d'Unités (SI) or that appear in Webster's Third New International Dictionary or the current edition of Merriam-Webster's Collegiate Dictionary, may be used without definition. Note, however, that English units may only be used in two AFS journals—the North American Journal of Aquaculture and the North American Journal of Fisheries Management.
Prefixes | |
giga (109) |
mega (106) |
kilo (103) |
k |
milli (10–3) |
m |
micro (10–6) |
µ |
nano (10–9) |
n |
pico (10–12) |
p |
Time and Temperature | |
day |
d |
hour |
h |
minute |
min |
second |
s |
degrees Celsius ([°F – 32]/1.8) |
degrees Fahrenheit ([1.8 ´ °C] + 32) |
(Spell out year, month, and week.) | |
Weights and Measures (Metric) | |
catch per unit effort (define mathematically, e.g., number/net-night) |
centimeter |
cm |
meter (1.09 yd, 3.28 ft, 39.4 in) |
m |
kilometer (0.622 mi) |
km |
gram (0.0353 oz) |
g |
kilogram (2.20 lb) |
kg |
liter (0.264 gal, 1.06 qt) |
deciliter |
dL |
hectare (2.47 acres) |
ha |
nephelometric turbidity units |
practical salinity units |
psu |
fork length |
standard length |
total length |
(Spell out metric ton [1,000 kg {2,200 lb}].) | |
Weights and Measures (English) | |
inch (2.54 cm) |
in |
foot (30.5 cm) |
ft |
cubic feet per second (0.0283 m3/s) |
ft3/s |
yard (0.914 m, 91.4 cm) |
yd |
mile (1.61 km) |
mi |
ounce (28.4 g) |
oz |
pound (0.454 kg, 454 g) |
lb |
quart (0.946 L) |
qt |
gallon (3.79 L) |
gal |
(Spell out acre [0.405 ha] and ton [2,000 lb or 907 kg]) | |
Mathematics and Statistics | |
analysis of variance |
analysis of covariance |
base of natural logarithms |
e |
coefficient of variation (define mathematically, e.g., 100∙SD/mean) |
common test statistics |
F, t, etc. |
confidence interval |
correlation or regression coefficient | |
multiple |
simple |
r |
covariance |
cov |
degree (angular) |
° |
degrees of freedom |
df |
expected value |
logarithm | |
natural |
loge or ln |
base a |
loga |
minute (angular) |
′ |
not significant |
percent |
% |
probability |
probability of type I error (false rejection of null hypothesis) |
Pα or α |
probability of type II error (false acceptance of null hypothesis) |
β |
radian |
rad |
sample size |
N or n |
second (angular) |
″ |
standard deviation |
standard error |
steradian |
sr |
variance | |
population |
V or Var |
sample |
var |
Physics and Chemistry |
all atomic symbols |
H, He, etc. |
alternating current |
ampere |
base pairs |
bp |
becquerel |
Bq |
calorie (joule preferred) |
cal |
candela |
cd |
chemical acronyms in dictionary |
DDT, EDTA, etc. |
coulomb |
deoxynucleotide triphosphate |
dNTP |
dextro configuration |
d |
dextrorotary |
d |
direct current |
electron volt |
eV |
equivalent |
eq |
farad |
footcandle (0.0929 lx) |
fc |
gravity |
g |
gray |
Gy |
hertz |
Hz |
horsepower (746 W) |
hp |
hydrogen ion activity (negative log) |
pH |
joule |
levo configuration |
l |
levorotary |
l |
lumen |
lm |
lux |
lx |
molar |
mole |
mol |
newton |
normal |
ohm |
ortho |
o |
para |
p |
parts per million (in the metric system, use mg/L, mg/kg, etc.) |
ppm |
parts per thousand |
ppt, ‰ |
pascal |
Pa |
passive integrated transponder |
polymerase chain reaction |
polyvinyl chloride |
siemens (= mho, Ω–1) |
tesla |
tris(hydroxymethyl)-aminomethane |
tris |
volt |
watt |
weber |
Wb |
General | |
American Type Culture Collection |
colony-forming units |
compass directions (maps and coordinates) | |
east |
north |
south |
west |
corporate designations | |
Company |
Co. |
Corporation |
Corp. |
Incorporated |
Inc. |
Limited |
Ltd. |
District of Columbia |
et alii |
et al. |
et cetera |
etc. |
filial generation |
for example |
e.g., |
geographical information system(s) |
Global Positioning System |
international units |
months in tables and figures |
Jan, Feb, Mar, etc. |
plaque-forming units |
ploidy |
n |
sex in tables, figures, and hybrids | |
female |
♀ |
male |
♂ |
that is |
i.e., |
units |
United Kingdom |
United States | |
noun |
adjective |
(To download as a word document, click: 2014-Guide-for-authors-JAAH)


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Phil Granere Becomes CISSP Certified
Salt Lake City resident, Phil Granere, with over 17 years experience in leading technology firms, has earned one of the most prestigious security certifications: Certified Information Systems Security Professional.
Salt Lake City, Utah (PRWEB) December 21, 2012
Philip Granere has been working for leading technology firms for over 17 years, and just this last year obtained his Certified Ethical Hacker certificate as well.
"I'm very excited to have this certificate. In this day and age it is crucial to have qualified and certified individuals managing and directing your information security," said Phil Granere.
The push for this credential is also coming from the U.S. Department of Defense 8570.1 Directive, which requires all government and contract employees working on DoD IT projects to carry an approved certification for their particular job classification.
CISSP certification is usually for mid and senior management IT security positions. This certification is offered through (ISC)2, the not-for-profit consortium that offers IT security certifications and training.
"This was not an easy exam. You must possess a minimum of five years of direct full-time security work experience in two or more of the 10 (ISC)2 information security domains (CBK), and agree to abide by their codes-of-ethics and policy for continuous education. In addition, they need to pass the exam with a scaled score of 700 points or greater out of 1000 possible points. The exam is multiple-choice, consisting of 250 questions with four options each, to be answered over a period of six hours," said Phil Granere.
More about Phil Granere
Salt Lake City resident, Philip Granere attended the University of Denver where he graduated in 2001 with a degree in information technology. Phil Granere currently works as an IT Manager for a leading information technology firm. Phil Granere has worked in the information technology industry for about 17 years. In addition to working for a reputable technology firm, Philip Granere owns and runs a Web hosting firm, Streamline Internet Solutions as well as an automobile enthusiast website My-Mods.com geared for highly modified vehicles.
Phil Granere is a proud father of two children, both of whom have special needs.
"Even though i enjoy staying busy with work, I love my family, and at the end of the day, family means everything," said Phil Granere.
Phil is currently working on obtaining his CISM certification. (Certified Information Security Manager). "This will be the next chapter in my career, so i feel it's important to obtain this certification," he said.
For the original version on PRWeb visit: http://www.prweb.com/releases/prweb2012/12/prweb10264348.htm


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Caliphate of Rum
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Ok, another Bruce/Tormsen co-production, with a bit stolen from GURPS Alternate Earths...
In this world in the decades immediately before the Islamic explosion, the Persian-Byzantine wars and the Byzantine struggles in Europe went a bit differently, so that Persia was close to it's "fighting peak" while Byzantium was in the midst of internal disturbances when the Arab armies emerged from the peninsula. The Persians lost Mesopotamia, but managed to rally on the Iranian plateau, while the New Rome fell to combined land-sea assualt in the 600s.
The Arabs, dazzled by their conquest of what was still the Empire, ended up putting their capital in Constantinople rather than Damascus and Baghdad: in this world, the Islamic regime is seen as a continuation of the Roman empire under new management rather than a totally new venture. Arabic failed to replace Greek as the language of the court, and while it became the sacred language of religious scholars and triumphed as a popular language over similar languages in Syria and Mesopotamia, failed to displace Coptic and Greek from the vernacular in their heartlands.
Seeing themselves as being given the Roman Empire by God to convert to the true faith, the new Empire of Rum's greatest efforts were westwards to Italy, North Africa, and beyond. Steppe invaders of the Balkans were pacified and converted, and at its height the empire ruled from The City included almost all the old Roman empire had held save northern Gaul and the British isles.
Christianity, facing a two-pronged Islamic invasion fiercer than OTL, steppe invasions from the east, and the pagan vikings from the north, was in trouble, which was seriously compounded when a synectic heresy arose in the north, combining elements of Christian faith and Viking religion in a potent "warrior" religion that combined un-Lambish ass-kicking with a promise of salvation. There was a brief 10th century rallying centered in South Germany, but a wildly premature effort to reconquer Italy and a fresh series of invasions from the east crippled the Empire of Christ, and the next millenium would see a slow and painful dwindling of Christianity in Europe.
Persia, facing cultural annihilation and further Islamic invasions, saw the rebirth of Zoroastrianism as a popular, rather than elite religion, a trend stregnthened by the brief Islamic conquest of most of the remaining empire a couple centuries later, and it's Reconquista from what OTL would be Afghanistan (aided, admittedly, by some Rum-punishing Turkish invasions). Nestorian Christianity, which had once seemed to be a front-runner to replace the Zoroastrian faith, became increasingly persecuted, and its adherents moved north and east, into Siberia, north central Asia, and the lands of the Chinese. Persia fought Rum for control of Mesopotamia, and expanded east into the Hindu and Buddhist lands of India.
History happened.
In the year 1889, the Empire of Rum, although still cultured, artistic, makes great candy, etc. is corrupt, weak and generally on its last legs: it last showed a burst of energy a century ago, when it reconquered Egypt. Nowadays, its inhabitants await either conquest by Persia or "liberation" (hah!) by either the Italian or Algerian Caliphs, who espouse reform and religious purification (translation: killing a lot of no-account people), with a certain philosophical stoicism.
The agressive new regimes currently fighting for control of the Mediterranean are really messing up trade, which annoys the more easy-going, commercial-minded and more democratic regimes of western Islam, coastal west Africa, Iberia, and their current and former colonies. Although they not rarely fight among themselves over territory and trade, there is an increasing sense of community and fellow interest between these Islamic states where powerful religious associations, great merchant families, rich plantation owners and independent-minded cities challenge the power of Emirs, women are educated, and laws are at times stronger than princes.
Scholars and community leaders increasingly speak of an "Atlantic community" seperate from the old Islamic heartlands, and perhaps with a destiny of its own. (The bellicose Tlaxcalans, whose elites speak Arabic-Berber but still love blood and flowers, are a bit of an exception among western Muslims). They trade a great deal with the Chinese and the Hindus and Buddhists of India, which although dammned heathens are rich, advanced, and tolerant (some Iberian philosophers have gone so far as to suggest that an educated, tolerant Pagan may be a better thing in Allah's eye than an ignorant, bloodthirsty Muslim like a Somali or a Magyar)
To the north of the Islamic lands, are the Thorist-Christians, their millenial enemies. Southern France and Eastern Europe are often referred to in Constantinople as the "fields of blood" thanks to the centuries of back-and-forth warfare. Currently things are somewhat quiet, the Islamic world being mostly concerned with internal issues and quarrels and the Thorist-Christians are happy enough to let them be and work to build up their defenses: they have slipped behind somewhat in military technology in the last couple centuries.
The TC lands are fairly firmly stuck in the later middle ages: although fairly tolerent (men of all faiths will have an opportunity to chose the Right Side when Ragarnok comes), society is conservative and hierarchical, and there is no real scientific world-view: a practical-minded bunch, the northmen are uninterested in wooly philosophizing, do not write dictionaries, and know and care little about the "classical tradition", fairly well known in the Islamic lands.
North America was colonized in a slow and piercemeal fashion by Danes, Germans, Scots, Irish, etc. for a couple centuries before the Muslims cottoned onto how big a thing the northern savages had discovered. Wars between different Muslim nations and Thorist-Christians slowed colonization further, so germs, steel and horses managed to spread enough to give some native Americans a bit of a breather. Still, the last major native state to neither convert or be conquered, the Inca, now almost as post-the-sell-date as Rum, are presently being invaded by the African-derived Empire of the Green, which is miffed over the mistreatment of missionaries by the priests of the sun-God.
Persia has had its ups and down over the last millenium, including a period of Turkish rule, but is currently on a bit of an upswing: although China currently is in the ascendant in east central Asia, possibilities beckon in the west. Relatively intolerant (although some Muslim nations are worse) Persia is today pretty solidly Zoroastarian, with only small Jewish, Muslim, and Hindu minorities, and hardly any Christians. Intermittent but frequent contact overland with China has had some effect, including the development of an extensive test-prone professional beaurocracy and a highly literate society (given the relative ease of learning a phonetic rather than an ideographic script, more so than the Chinese themselves).
China in turn has picked up some ideas on military practices and royal symbolism from the Persians. The Chinese religious mosaic is even more complex than OTL, given Zoroastrian and Nestorian Christian minorities, which are occasionally persecuted as possible agents of the Shahs or the Khans. There is some concern re the stability of the Mandate of Heaven: as OTL American food plants have helped swell the numbers of Chinese, and in spite of some expansion to the SW, land is in short supply. Immigration to SE Asia is now being promoted as a means of relieving population pressures, which is not being contemplated very agreeably by the locals.
India has been exposed to Muslim, Zoroastrian and Chinese cultural influences, and large parts of North India have at times been _part_ of the Persian empire. Indian culture and civilization has developed on somewhat different paths, and Buddhism has remained a mass faith (although with Indian syncretic tendencies, it's usually Hindu-ish Buddhism and Buddha-ish Hinduism). After the Buddhist Shadow of the Infinite (AKA king) of Bengal led an alliance to kick the Persians west of the Indus a couple centuries ago, a loose alliance-coalition of Indian states, Hindu and Buddhist, has formed under the Shadow's nominal rule, to keep the Holy Peace and keep the King of Kings (and of late, the Emperor of all-under-heaven) at bay.
The Turks have played a minor role in Islamic history (with various knock-on effects: more use of peasant levies and less of slave soldiers, for instance), but a major one in Persian history, and the Turks in the end divided between western Zoroastrians and eastern Nestorians: the Nestorian Khanate had its golden age, in which it overran central Asia, much of North China, and southern Gardarika, but as superior gunpowder weapons and methods of military organization have spread, the Khanate has been on the defensive for a while. Currently they are under pressure from the Gardarikans, who are a scary bunch even by Thorist standards: they'll no longer pull your lungs out through your back and nail you to a tree while you're still alive for religious reasons, but by Odin-Jehovah they'll do it for good solid _legal_ reasons, such as being a rebel.
In increasing numbers Turks, Mongols, etc. of the Nestorian persuasion move to the new continent, which they initially reached like OTL's Russians by following the trail of profitable furs ever north and east. Perhaps one day the Empire will have to move lock, stock and barrel to the new world: the current Khan is made hopeful by the new discoveries of gold, since gold will buy a lot of Japanese military expertise (the Chinese emperor forbids his subjects and vassals from taking part in such trade, but the Japanese don't care what he thinks. Dwarf monkeys indeed).
The world is somewhat backwards compared to OTL: Persian and Chinese tech is along the lines of OTL mid-1800s China, although with considerably superior gunpowder armies (with the Persians at their backs, the Chinese did not let their capacities decay the way the Manchus did after the 1600s) and both use (sail-powered) ironclads to protect their coasts and sink pirates. There's something like a genuine scientific tradition in the Islamic lands, and there's a shitload of philosophers working on mathematics, chemistry, fluids, etc. in the Mediterranean and the Atlantic Community nations, which have also developed some impressive rule-of-thumb engineering increasingly supplemented with actual written manuals, dictionaries, etc.
There is a comparable level of intellectual development in India, cross-fertilized by the now sizeable community of Muslim merchants and converts in India. Both the Muslims of the Atlantic Community and the Indians are increasingly interested in "manufactures" - cloth, metal goods, weapons, medicines, etc. - as well as precious metals and agricultural output as sources of wealth, and once either the Sri Lankans or the south Africans expand the use of steam beyond its current uses in automated temple music and draining mines, an industrial revolution is quite likely.
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Thorism sounds like the most badass Christian sect ever imagined.
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West Ham United Football Club
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Pardew signs keeper Kiraly
17 Nov 2006 - 12:50:56
West Ham United have signed the Crystal Palace goalkeeper Gabor Kiraly on an emergency loan deal.
The 30-year-old Hungary international moves to Upton Park on an initial two-week loan deal which may be extended if required.
Hammers boss Alan Pardew has seen his three senior goalkeepers - Roy Carroll, Robert Green and Jimmy Walker - all struggle with injuries at times this season.
Kiraly is expected to be named as a substitute by Pardew for Saturday's match against Chelsea.
Kiraly moved to Selhurst Park in July 2004 from Hertha Berlin and has made 97 appearances for the Eagles.
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Want to tailgate in the comfort of your own home? Well, "homegating" is all about having delicious eats, and Daina Falk, of The Hungry Fan, shares her recipes for nachos, chicken burgers and mac 'n cheese — which are full of flavor but less fat than bar food.
Recipe: Healthy nachos, Mediterranean-style (on this page) Recipe: The hungry fan's healthy mac and cheese (on this page) Recipe: Summer chicken and peach burger (on this page)


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- OR - Select an option belowEl Cartel Colombian Restaurant and Lounge is the latest downtown eatery targeting numerous residential buildings in the area. But even with a semi-sleek interior that features green lamps, wooden tables, and dark walls, the lounge-feel is lost to a cafeteria-style serving station. Appetizers include empanadas ($1.25), buñuelos ($1.25), and chorizo con arepita ($3). Entrée options include media noche ($3.99), carne de bistec with egg ($5.99), and ham and cheese sandwich ($4.99). The restaurant's specialties are steamed tongue steak ($9.99), oxtail in creole sauce ($9.99), and a popular picada of pork crackling, sausage, blood pie, potatoes, and plantains ($18.99). There are also ten seafood dishes such as breaded shrimp ($10.99) and casuela seafood ($18.99). If you're hungry and looking for homemade Colombian food, this is the place to go.


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Your local John Deere dealer is the best resource for support of your John Deere equipment.
View a list of all technical publications for this product. Some Operator's Manuals are available for viewing in electronic format.
Look up parts quickly and easily using the John Deere Parts Catalog.
We strive to ensure that John Deere products are of exceptional quality. Safety is our top priority.
*Manufacturer's suggested price. Taxes, freight, setup, and delivery not included. Optional accessories and attachments not included. Equipment, models and prices may vary by dealer. Product options and accessories may not be available in all regions. The engine horsepower information is provided by the engine manufacturer to be used for comparison purposes only. Actual operating horsepower will be less. Offers valid in the United States. Prices in U.S. dollars.Product features subject to change. Please contact your local dealer for more detailed information.


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Students risk injury as they dart across the stretch near Kathipara grade separator
Every day, B. Keerthivasan of class XI of St. Thomas School and his classmates run across the GST Road from underneath the Kathipara grade separator. Nearly 1.5 lakh vehicles use the arterial road daily and the road witnesses the relentless whiz of vehicles.
"I live just across the road near the Gandhi Market. I wait for adults to cross and run along with them…that is what many other children do," he said.
There are several schools and colleges in the area and students proceeding from Butt Road side to Guindy are able to run across the road as there is no traffic cop stationed at the point.
"Incidentally, a traffic policeman is stationed just a 100 yards away. Shouldn't there be one near the place where the children cross," asked M. Shindhu, a final year student of Saveetha Engineering College.
Similarly, students and pedestrians also run across the arm of the grade separator that takes off from GST Road and also Butt Road and the road that is parallel to it.
"Even if we are to use the subway beneath the grade separator, we would anyway have to run across the GST Road on either side. There is no use of doing so. So, we might as well wait for a pause in traffic and run across the road at the point where the flyover starts," said two college students, who did not want to be named.
At night, it is even more difficult to cross the road as the headlights of vehicles glare harshly.
There are several points from where people and vehicles enter and exit below the grade separator but there is no real control over that. "At times, if vehicles from opposite directions enter the same gap, they get stuck and a mini-jam extends on to the GST Road," said Veeramuthu, a watchman at a nearby building. The traffic signal beneath the grade separator has not been functioning for sometime now, he added.
With Chennai Metro Rail work proceeding in the area inside the space between the arms of the grade separator, one pedestrian subway is not being used and parents, children and motorists use the other one that is full of mud.
"It is hardly ever cleaned. The light inside the subway does not work. During the rains, this subway was full of water. The other one, which is kept closed now, is also full of water all year round and nobody can use it," said Ms. Shindhu.
A senior traffic police official said that a traffic policeman would be posted at the spot where students cross the road.
Keywords: Kathipara grade separator, traffic rules


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Broadside Wines combines the talents of winemakers Chris Brockway of Broc Cellars and Brian Terrizzi of Giornata with a super non-intervention philosophy and a stellar group of wines. They harvest at lower sugars, employ native fermentation and use little to no new oak. In other words, they let the wine shine through and taste as it was intended. We love that concept! Broadside specializes in clean, pure wines that are reasonably priced, made for drinking, not collecting. Right on!
Below is a listing of the wine review scores we frequently reference in our notes. While these sources remain an excellent source of information, we always recommend that you trust your own palate. Scores in these publications often represent the personal taste of an individual critic, which may not always coincide with your own. We have a huge team of excellent wine professionals that can match wines you've had in the past with new arrivals that meet your flavor profile.
The item you have chosen is not in stock in our retail stores or within our main warehouse.
2012 Joseph Carr Napa Valley Cabernet Sauvignon (Elsewhere $20) View Price
2012 Von Strasser "Rudy" Napa Valley Cabernet Sauvignon $19.99
2013 McManis California Cabernet Sauvignon $8.99
2012 Seven Hills Columbia Valley Cabernet Sauvignon $19.99
2010 Northstar Columbia Valley Cabernet Sauvignon (Previously $30) $23.99


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The filling can be made and refrigerated up to a day in advance, then brought to room temperature before filling the cups. Phyllo shells come conveniently prebaked, so they're ready to fill once thawed.
Cooking Light DECEMBER 2012
1. Heat a large nonstick skillet over medium-high heat. Add oil to pan; swirl to coat. Add shallots, and sauté 1 minute. Add sage, 1/4 teaspoon salt, pepper, and mushrooms; sauté 4 minutes. Add garlic, and sauté until mushrooms are lightly browned and liquid almost evaporates (about 5 minutes). Stir in sherry and soy sauce; cook for 30 seconds or until liquid almost evaporates. Place mushroom mixture in a medium bowl. Stir in the remaining 1/8 teaspoon salt, sour cream, half-and-half, and goat cheese. Spoon about 2 teaspoons mushroom mixture into each phyllo shell. Garnish with fresh chives.
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Creamy Wild Mushroom and Goat Cheese Cups Recipe


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Editor's Note: Prime Visibility's client has requested its name not be disclosed, but has allowed the use of its success metrics for the purposes of this Case Study.
Prime Visibility's client operates a Yahoo! store that sells sports and non-sport trading cards and memorabilia directly to the public. Among the products sold by the client are Yu-Gi-Oh cards, which have become the latest collecting craze for children since Pokemon. Yu-Gi-Oh has been on the Lycos Top 50 search terms for the last 38 weeks (50.lycos.com/)
The Website was not receiving substantial traffic from the search engines. As a small business, it lacked a budget for aggressive advertising in a competitive marketplace. In addition, the company had previously engaged an SEO company that essentially achieved search engine rankings by paying to be listed in Overture's pay per click advertising results. Since the site was developed using Yahoo's proprietary shopping cart system, there were some technical limitations in properly optimizing the site for the search engines.
To increase the amount of qualified visitors, Prime Visibility implemented a comprehensive strategy for this company that included researching the appropriate relevant keywords and phrases that would produce targeted traffic for the Website. We implemented search engine optimization techniques such as creating new title tags, meta tags and ALT tags as well as wrote search engine friendly sales copy. Prime Visibility also submitted the site to the Yahoo! and DMOZ directories and advised the client on proper link building strategies. Prime Visibility™ regularly keeps the client current on the latest keyword trends.
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Jessica Sara Swensen
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Summary:Series based on Candace Bushnell's book "Sex and the City," which chronicles the sexy exploits of New Yorkers. Carrie Bradshaw is a young New York writer who explores the unique world of Manhattan's dating scene, chronicling the mating habits of New York's cultural elite as she looks for love in all the wrong places. Her friends include PR executive Samantha, who's seen and done it all; art dealer Charlotte, who believes that love can conquer all; corporate lawyer Miranda, ever ambivalant about real romance; and Mr. Big, a high-powered New Yorker.
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Sex and the City I've done the merry-go-round, I've been through the revolving door.
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Been there.....when I lived in GA on Ft Gordon.Originally Posted by duckhunter
This is a discussion on Federal property.. legal or illegal?????? within the Concealed Carry Issues & Discussions forums, part of the Defensive Carry Discussions category; Originally Posted by duckhunter You must declare them when you enter the gate, which most times will end up getting your entire vehicle searched, S/Ns ...
Been there.....when I lived in GA on Ft Gordon.Originally Posted by duckhunter
There are "standard" rules for every CONUS installation. I know that base commanders can add, but they can't take away from the SOP. I know exactly what sign you are talking about, I see the sign everyday, just as you do. I just have not read it for the refference.. I will be doing that tomorrow.Originally Posted by danedel
It's not about getting fired or telling the system to F off. It's about what is LEGAL and what is NOT legal.
I'll look up DOD regs.
Keeping it in the car on "federal" property will be more than I can do now..lolOriginally Posted by duckhunter
And when I lived in the bks, I would not buy a firearm for the armory to store.. thanks but no thanks.
Thanks for the info.
So that covers "military bases". Post office and federal property still open then.
Originally Posted by danedel
Better to ask forgivness than ask permission... as long as loss of job and or freedom is not involved.
Personal protection is not outlawed, therefore it is lawful. In this great land known as America, if an act is not specifically prohibited in statutory, case, or administrative law, it is a legal act. An omission of prohibition is the same as if a law was in place to say that the act was specifically legal. Obviously this would make every legal act a law and to try and transcribe every lawful act on the books is insanity at best. It is easier to just record the unlawful acts and their exceptions than record every legal act. This legal phenomenon is known as the modern 'common law' and originated in England and was carried and is upheld here in the states.Originally Posted by danedel
In other words, if it doesn't say it is illegal, it is legal.
For example:
Chewing buble gum is not prohibited by any law on any books. Therefore it is legal and lawful.
Folding a piece of paper into an airplane shape in not prohibited by any law on any books. Therefore it is legal and lawful.
Similarly, personal protection is not outlawed by any law on any books. Therefore it is legal and lawful.
MI does not prohibit carry of a weapon into a post office. Federal law states as long as it is legally possessed by a legally eligible possesor for legal purposes, it is legal.
That being said, since I have legally obtained a concealed weapon permit issued my the state of Michigan, I have been inside the post office at least a dozen times and have carried a concealed firearm on each and every visit to conduct lawful commerce with the United States Government via the United States Postal Service, which is lawful, satisfying every single element of the exception.
07/02 FFL/SOT since 2006
Probably the only home based FFL that doesn't do transfers.
I used to drive a squad car @ an Army base. Only MP's, etc carried & we knew who they were ahead of time.Originally Posted by danedel
Semper Fi
Just an interesting observation here...my wife sometimes works at a V.A. hospital...federal property, etc, etc, etc. I usually drop my wife off at work so this is of concern to me as I can't drop her off anywhere other than on the V.A. grounds for both safety and convenience reasons...anyway, I pulled up www.va.gov to find any information about legally carrying on the grounds...they list three interesting things:
1) They claim it is illegal to bring a gun onto the grounds of the V.A.
2) They list a $500 fine for doing so
3) In another part of the website the specifically say that you can leave your gun with V.A. Police when you arrive, they will lock it up, and they will give it back to you when you leave.
Seems to me that #3 contradicts the other two to some extent...if they truly think it's illegal why would they tell you to bring it on the property and hand it to the police...very strange
Ray, it is because the people who write regulations (admin law) and legislative law intentionally write them to confound and confuse people!!
- If illegal to possess a gun in a USPO, how does one ship a long gun (allowed for in US Postal Regs)?
- If illegal to possess a gun in a USPO, how does an 01 FFL ship a handgun (allowed for by 01 FFLs per US Postal Regs)?
The same way the VA contends it is illegal on their property but allows you to "check your gun with their security"!
Keep in mind that a facility/agency can make "rules" which contradict law (prohibit carrying/possession). Rules can be enforced by refusing entry or telling a person to leave . . . failure to do so can result in disciplinary action (firing of employee or criminal trespass-but ONLY after being told to leave and refusing).
Military makes it's own rules and enforces them by UCMJ. I think it is fair to say that your constitutional rights are "left at the door" when you sign up for military duty.
Originally Posted by LenS
rotflmao, so true....
So whats the verdict on this? I am offering to go back to the department of homeland security and have them specifically show me a regulation that states, in plain text, "no weapons/conciled weapons"
Here's the regulation from Ft Bragg Reg 190-12. Specifically, see page 3 para 1-3e - to paraphrase: concealed carry permits are not valid on the installation. No loaded weapons on post except LEOs and military personnel in the performance of their duties. Every installation has a reg similar to this.Originally Posted by danedel
"Speed is fine, but accuracy is final." - Bill Jordan
I more than understand about military bases, but I have to agree with freakshow - if the state you are in does not prohibit carrying in a Post Office, and you are otherwise legal to carry, and you do not intend to commit a crime, it is legal to carry in a USPO.
Couple thoughts
First of all, it's not the state that prohibits carry on Federal Property, it's the Fed. that prohibits it. Thusly, your state issued concealed carry is as far as I can see....worthless with regard to carry on Federal Property......there could be some strange exception to this, but I am not familar with any. State carry is controlled by the states within states on state property, and does not apply to the Fed.....
Second, I believe there is uniformity to the title and section covering carry onto Federal Property..but....it is also applied as needed to try to fit the circumstance. For example, there is title and section which states, that it is illegal to bring a firearm onto Federal Property, unless the act was concurrent with a particular hunting situation.....go figure.....
I have the title and section and exact wording at work in my books and I do have to enforce these Federal Laws on Federal Property.
My suggestion would be to find out what is being enforced and how and follow that dictate.
If you want to make a issue of it as it applies to a particular circumstance you may be involved in I am sure you can and get some answers that may satisify you however in today's climate of concern and with the changes with Home Land Security and all, ....if it were me, I would be pretty careful to follow recommendations and rules ....and laws.....
Though you may be acting within the law, it doesn't mean that the act won't be mistaken or misunderstood, and the result may be ugly and by the time it's all sorted out....you may wish you had chosen another path.
This is not to try to scare anyone....rather to point out, that the climate is somewhat different than in years past....laws not withstanding.
There are also different levels of authority and overlapping authority between Fed and State...which can confound things even further.
Proprietary, concurrent, and exclussive jurisdictional (state and fed.) authority are specific yet at times, the lines are blurred even within these levels of jurisdiction......confussion anyone ?
Again, I wouldn't conceal carry into a Federal facility...but, if you were to ask the Post Office, you may have your answer. Your allowed to ship firearms no problem....carry may well be viewed differently...and rightly so.
Three words for you on federal installation carry "don't do it" The fed law is designed to get us common folk confused so I would play it safe and not carry. I would also not carry on any military base. Heck, unless you are a Military Cop you can't even carry. That is why I never bought a pistol in the service and I could have bought pretty much what I wanted because The TDY's more than kept my pockets nice. However, the rumor was that the guys in the armory were shooting pistols kept by them. Moreover, it was a hassle you had to sign it out, sign it in and then your First Seargeant and to know that you had a weapon. Well, thats what I was told, but I am for that it had to live in the armory and not your barracks room.
Listen, Think and React.....Nuff Said.....
Since everyone likes to point to the gunzone article whenever post office carry is discussed, here is an alternate point of view from another attorney, called Concealed-carry in a post office may lead to rude awakening


text: Undercover Boss Series 3 - Episode 5 Facebook Google Tumblr Pinterest Blogger Reddit VKontakt Print Email About this programme 5/6. Kevin McCullough goes back to the floor at npower, one of the UK's leading utility providers. Although the company supplies up to 15 per cent of the nation's energy at any one time, a recent survey revealed only a quarter of customers are satisfied. The chief operating officer spends time with the busy customer services team, seeing what his employees have to put up with, and how he can regain the respect of staff and consumers. Cast and crew Crew Executive Producer Ros Ponder Categories Documentary Like this? Share it. Facebook Google Tumblr Pinterest Blogger Reddit VKontakt Print Email


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Moore, Flynn, Wade, Strayed top Boswell Books' 2012 bestsellers
'Sacré Bleu,' Christopher Moore's risqué, comic fantasy about the Impressionists, and 'Gone Girl,' Gillian Flynn's dark novel about a missing wife, topped Boswell Book Company's list of bestselling hardcover fiction in 2012.
Boswell owner Daniel Goldin has posted the store's Top 50 books in hardcover fiction and nonfiction at his blog. Goldin has ranked them in order of sales, excluding books whose sales came primarily from bulk sales. He did not provide individual sales figures for the books. »Read Full Blog Post
Darkness over the top - but in a good way
Justin Hawkins, frontman for British band The Darkness, had some choice words to say in a Journal Sentinel interview for those who think his glam rock group is a joke.
But let us examine some of the damning evidence at the band's Rave show Saturday, shall we? »Read Full Article
Fitzwater brings Piaf alive in Skylight's 'Onstage'
The music and life story of popular French singer Edith Piaf get under one's skin.
Singer-actress Leslie Fitzwater, who has brought Piaf to the stage several times over the course of her career, opened her one-woman "Edith Piaf Onstage" at the Skylight Music Theatre on Friday evening. »Read Full Article
First Stage's ambitious 'Promised Land' is a dream deferred
Ruth, an African-American girl in her early teens, is lost. Her father is long gone. Her overworked mother is rarely around. Her beloved brother is dead. It's 1969, and, while Ruth should be in school, she is watching TV instead.
In "To the Promised Land" - unveiled by First Stage Children's Theater on Friday night - playwright Jonathan Gillard Daly links Ruth's struggles with another coming-of-age story that unfolded in Milwaukee, where a young Golda Meir underwent her own journey of self-discovery. Daly places both girls in the same house on Walnut St., nearly 60 years apart. »Read Full Article


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I wouldn't exactly call it a low blow but the closest I had to one was after asking a question, a few users freaked out and called me an ignorant racist, simply because my question dealt with race. While I asked a perfectly harmless question, some people will find hatred wherever they look.
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Yes, bonuses are an outrage. But they're much more than that.
(For more on the Federal Reserve's aggressive plan to buy $300 billion in U.S. government debt — and what it holds for China — see Andrew Parlin's analysis).
China's key financial position means that as Washington borrows record amounts to spend us out of recession, Beijing's economic power grows stronger. It also means that the U.S.-China connection — already the world's most important relationship — grows deeper.
"Nothing is more important than us no longer borrowing $700 billion or more from China and sending it to Saudi Arabia (to buy oil)," was one of candidate Obama's biggest applause lines.
"Borrowing money from China to pay failed bankers on Wall Street," doesn't quite fly for a president.
Of course, China isn't the only country that matters as the Obama administration tries to fix the global economic crisis. The timing of the AIG spectacle was bad for another important reason: On April 2 President Obama will meet with the heads of state of the world's largest economies at the G20 summit in London.
Ahead of that event, U.S. credibility on the global economic stage has fallen to new lows. People and governments around the world — from Japan, to Brazil, to Russia, India and beyond — are quick to point out (sometimes gleefully) that this global crisis began in the U.S., the freewheeling home of capitalism.
But President Obama and the world's other leaders need to step it up. As Simon Johnson of The Baseline Scenario blog puts it, we need something concrete:
"The G20 needs a deal. It doesn't make much sense to pull 20-plus global leaders together on April 2 unless you can announce an agreement with some bearing on the current worldwide slump. One more meaningless communique might not go down well with the markets."
Time is running out, and the stakes couldn't be much higher.
Already the knives are out for beleaguered U.S. Treasury Secretary Timothy Geithner, even from some in his own party. "The more time passes, the more convinced I am that Tim Geithner is becoming a liability for the administration," one senior Democratic lawmaker told the Financial Times. And that was before the AIG bonuses story exploded.
President Obama responded to the Geithner situation late Wednesday: "He is making all the right moves in terms of playing a bad hand. I have complete confidence in Tim Geithner and my entire economic team."
Upheaval on the president's economic team — at this moment of economic crisis — would be another serious blow to U.S. credibility in Beijing, Paris, London, Berlin, Delhi and beyond.
So, yes, AIG could stand for arrogance, ignorance, and greed. But it's also — clearly — an adventure in geopolitics.
Other recent stories by Thomas Mucha:
For more on the global economic crisis:


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shamarone February 22, 2013 6:44 AM wow, somebody sure is gellin' with their new bike. Reply Report abuse 3 agree 0 disagree
vlady February 22, 2013 8:38 AM Wow..n0 ducati on t0p five..I think they sh0uld re-think their design philos0phy.. Reply Report abuse 0 agree 4 disagree
Dare to Live February 22, 2013 9:02 AM @vladyCheca off sick today... Reply Report abuse 1 agree 0 disagree
LanceTheHooliganAlbon February 22, 2013 9:02 AM This is just the first day of practice but its looking good. I cannot wait for Superbike Sunday to start Reply Report abuse 0 agree 0 disagree
Dare to Live February 22, 2013 9:22 AM @Lance The Hooligan, agreed, the practice times show the possible contention of at least 10 riders, I would caution that experience, mechanical and Tyre durability, physical endurance and skill and fitness will play a major role and It is only the races that will sort the men from the boys... its going to be a cracker especially taken that the machinery could not be any closer in performance, and would not like to make any prediction save to say that I am pleasantly surprised at the Panigale performance under Carlos. Reply Report abuse 2 agree 0 disagree
RocketR1 February 22, 2013 10:21 AM Didn't see that one coming...Did Red Devils buy Biaggi's 2012 bike or what? lol Reply Report abuse 1 agree 1 disagree
tomcol - Unregistered February 22, 2013 10:38 AM Looking goood so far. Glad to see Chaz getting quicker and quicker when it really matters and also surprised to see Leon Haslam more than matching Reas times. Interesting. 0 agree 0 disagree
Realist - Unregistered February 22, 2013 10:39 AM Melandri looked good in both sessions and will double on Sunday 4 agree 0 disagree
Stylo February 22, 2013 12:36 PM Last Edited 739 days ago Fabrizio.. one tit wonder. Come race day he will get owned by Melandri, Guinters and 2 underpowered Hondas Reply Report abuse 2 agree 2 disagree
rob w - Unregistered February 22, 2013 12:58 PM Italian on an Italian bikeLooks like a works Aprilia, goes like a works Aprilia 0 agree 0 disagree


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The Ricci riddle and the law's limits
What you thought about the New Haven firefighters case was probably shaped less by logic or law than by your attitudes about the world.
Can you break the law to avoid breaking the law? It sounds like a riddle, or a logical paradox, but in fact it is the question underlying yesterday's Supreme Court decision in Ricci v. DeStefano. And like other riddles, Ricci may have something deeper to teach us.
In 2003, the city of New Haven administered a test to select firefighters for officer positions. One hundred and eighteen firefighters, including 68 whites, 27 blacks, and 23 Hispanics took the test. The top 19 would be eligible for an immediate promotion. When the tests were scored, those 19 turned out to be 17 whites and 2 Hispanics. Overall, the pass rate for minorities was about one-half that of white candidates.
The racial difference in scores concerned city officials. It was enough of what's called a "disparate impact" that it looked as if the city might be vulnerable to a federal antidiscrimination lawsuit. Federal law prohibits employers from treating employees differently on the basis of race, and it also prohibits the use of apparently neutral employment tests on which scores vary significantly by race, unless they can be shown to be based on business necessity. City officials heard various arguments as to why the test they'd used might be unintentionally biased, and they heard their lawyers explain how the results could support a lawsuit for unlawful discrimination. Eventually, the city took a radical step. It threw out the results of the test entirely.
Unsurprisingly, the white firefighters who'd scored well sued. Now, they claimed, the city was discriminating against them. Two lower federal courts ruled in favor of the city, but yesterday the Supreme Court reversed those decisions. New Haven had broken the law by throwing out the test scores, the court said.


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Wall St falls; Dow, S&P end worst month since May 2012
Published on Feb 1, 2014 6:35 AM
NEW YORK (REUTERS) - A selloff in emerging markets sent a cold chill down Wall Street, triggering a slide on Friday and making January its worst month since May 2012 after one of its best years in more than a decade.
For January, the Dow tumbled 5.3 per cent and the S&P 500 slid 3.6 per cent - their worst monthly percentage declines since May 2012.
The Nasdaq ended the month down 1.7 per cent, its worst monthly percentage loss since October 2012. For the S&P 500, this marked the first time that it ended January with a loss since 2010, when the benchmark index kicked off the year with a drop of 3.7 per cent.
The January loss followed the S&P 500's gain of 30 per cent in 2013 - its best year since 1997.
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Book this hotel and collect nights after your stay
Situated in the New York City borough of Queens, the budget-friendly Lexington Inn JFK Airport puts you within a 15-minute drive of both LaGuardia and John F. Kennedy airports. Baseball fans take note: Citi Field, home of the New York Mets, is a 10-minute drive. Or you could hop the subway at the Jamaica - Van Wyk station, just 2 blocks away, and arrive for a game in just 25 minutes. Times Square, Fifth Avenue shopping, and all the sights of Midtown Manhattan are an easy 40-minute train ride away.
Mornings, enjoy a complimentary continental breakfast, including hot selections like eggs and sausage. You can keep up with your workout routine in the fitness center, open early morning to late night. Keep up with friends via complimentary wireless Internet access, available throughout the hotel. Traveling without a laptop? Just stop by the lobby, where a computer comes with complimentary high-speed Internet access.
Ready to settle in for the night? You can relax in front of the plasma TV--it comes with a full complement of cable channels, including HBO. Local calls, as well as Wi-Fi, are free. The refrigerator gives you a place to stash leftovers, and you can perk up next morning with the coffee/tea maker.
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ELIGIBILITY To apply, you must be a currently enrolled, degree-seeking undergraduate UW-Eau Claire student, in good academic standing, and have a minimum 2.5 cumulative GPA. You must maintain full-time enrollment and continue to meet the academic standing and GPA requirements the semester prior to departure. Although you may apply as a freshman, you must have sophomore standing before the program begins. No prior German language study is required. Please note that you must be a U.S. citizen to apply for this program. COURSES Whether you like museums, the outdoors, or Grimm's fairy tales, Kassel has a lot to offer. Kassel's ISU focus is on German studies, political science, and inter-cultural communication. One extra-curricular workshop is also included in your program fee. FOREIGN CULTURE Effective summer 2015, three credits of Foreign Culture requirement can be waived upon successful program completion. Please email Degree Review at email@example.com after completion of the program to update your degree audit. (Students earning a B.A., B.F.A. or B.M degree in the College of Arts & Sciences cannot use study abroad to fulfill their foreign language/foreign culture requirement. See the university catalog for details.)
ACADEMIC CALENDAR The program runs from mid-June to mid-July. See http://www.uni-kassel.de/isu/ for details.
updated 11/3/2014 ccm


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Quick Quotes demonstrates how to use the PowderPuff Chalking Ink to color seam binding ribbon as well as creating a ribbon tree.
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