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Saint Patrick's Day, although only a legal holiday in Suffolk County, Massachusetts[1] (where it is recognized alongside Evacuation Day), and Chatham County, Georgia,[2] is nonetheless widely recognized and celebrated throughout the United States. It is primarily celebrated as a recognition of Irish and Irish American culture; celebrations include prominent displays of the color green, eating and drinking, religious observances, and numerous parades. The holiday has been celebrated on the North American continent since the late 18th century.
The Charitable Irish Society of Boston organized the first observance of Saint Patrick's Day in the Thirteen Colonies in 1737.[3] Surprisingly, the celebration was not Catholic in nature, Irish immigration to the colonies having been dominated by Protestants.[4]:8 The society's purpose in gathering was simply to honor its homeland, and although they continued to meet annually to coordinate charitable works for the Irish community in Boston, they did not meet on 17 March again until 1794.[4]:8 During the observance of the day, individuals attended a service of worship and a special dinner.[4]:8
New York's first Saint Patrick's Day observance was similar to that of Boston. It was held on 17 March 1762 in the home of John Marshall, an Irish Protestant, and over the next few years informal gatherings by Irish immigrants were the norm. The first recorded parade in New York was by Irish soldiers in the British Army in 1766.[4]:9 In 1780, while camped in Morristown, NJ, General George Washington, who commanded soldiers of Irish descent in the Continental Army, allowed his troops a holiday on 17 March "as an act of solidarity with the Irish in their fight for independence."[5][6][7] This event became known as The Saint Patrick's Day Encampment of 1780.[8][unreliable source?]
Irish patriotism in New York City continued to soar, and the parade in New York City continued to grow. Irish aid societies like Friendly Sons of Saint Patrick and the Hibernian Society were created and marched in the parades. Finally when many of these aid societies joined forces in 1848, the parade became not only the largest parade in the United States but one of the largest in the world.[9]
The City of Savannah, Georgia, has hosted Saint Patrick's Day celebrations since 1824. It boasts a celebration rivaling that of New York City in size and fervor. Unlike any other cities, Savannah's historic parade is always held on March 17, not on the neighboring weekend. Festivities begin more than a week in advance with [10] communal rituals and commemorative ceremonies, such as the St.Patrick`s Parade. Such events were, in fact, the main factors in shaping Irish-American identity as recognized today.[11] In fact, leading up to the 1870s, Irish-American identity in the United States was reworked through the shifting character of the Saint Patrick's Day rituals and features under three separate occasions: initially, in 1853 when it undertook a "spiritual rhetoric" notion, then when it became known as a "reformulated memory of an Irish past couched in terms of vengeance against Britain" to, finally, adopting a "sectarian catholic nationalism" attitude in the 1870s and 1880s.[12]
In fact, ceremonies represent the very "junctures at which processes of identity formation surface through representation," which implies that ritual practices represent the molding tools people turn to in order to build a national identity.[13] Furthermore, incorporating "the analysis of commemorative rituals" becomes a valuable element "in the context of broader historical studies" as such analysis reveals much about the collective conscience of the Irish-American community.[14]
There is a clear gradual shift toward a nationalist attitude in the Irish-American Diaspora which can be detected in the prose of Doheny`s commemorative speech in 1853, but the "complete ascendency to a nationalist [approach] in Irish identity" truly came in the 1870s and 1880s.[15] More important, there were already numerous evidences of a national identity present in the Irish Catholic labouring classes prior to the settlement of an Irish-Catholic community in America.[16] Despite the longing memory of a loved lost Ireland, the main factor that contributed to creating a clear "sense of group unity" in the Irish-American community really came with the hatred sentiments that were felt towards "British oppression and resistance".[16]
Furthermore, there is a turnover in perspectives towards the causes of the Great famine in the mind of the Irish-American that can be traced: one that varies from a "mourning religious view", seen in Archbishop Hughes `sermon, to a perspective that shifts the blame towards the British monarchy for its indifference and greed , seen in Cahill's speech in 1860.[17] From that point on, all the following commemorative speeches on the Saint Patrick`s Day invoked nationalist themes such as "British hatred" and "heroic struggle" and led the way for the creation of a "new parade" which gained in adherents and absorbed "elements of American patriotism and full-fledged nationalism".[18] The end result was such that the Irish-American community came to regard itself in the 1870s as a community that defined itself by dual loyalties on one hand, and in another as "a unified common organism," which gathered in strength on the basis that they had a common past, "not a religious one but one that centered on the common Irish experience of British oppression and suffering".[19] In other words, this goes to show that the shifting character of commemorative rituals experienced during the Saint Patrick's parade have influenced the development of American culture in a larger sense, since it contributed to enriching its heritage and making of its Irish-American Diaspora a prideful concept to be celebrated and admired.[20]
In every year since 1991, March has been proclaimed Irish-American Heritage Month by the US Congress or President due to the date of Saint Patrick's Day. Christian denominations in the United States observing this feast day include the Evangelical Lutheran Church in America, Protestant Episcopal Church, and the Roman Catholic Church.[21] Today, Saint Patrick's Day is widely celebrated in America by Irish and non-Irish alike.[21] For most Irish-Americans, this holiday is both religious and festive.[22] It is one of the leading days for consumption of alcohol in the United States, as individuals are allowed to break their Lenten sacrifices for the day in order to celebrate Saint Patrick's Day.[23][24] The consumption of artificially colored green beer is a common celebration. Green Beer Day, for instance, is a tradition among students at Miami University (Miami of Ohio), dating to 1952; the day has been held on the Thursday before spring break due to the fact that Saint Patrick's Day often occurs during the spring recess. The holiday has been criticized for promoting over-indulgence in alcohol, resulting in drunk driving, property damage, absenteeism, and other ill effects.[25]
Many people choose to wear green colored clothing and items.[21] Traditionally, those who are caught not wearing green are pinched "affectionately".[26]
Seattle and other cities paint the traffic stripe of their parade routes green. Chicago dyes its river green and has done so since 1962 when sewer workers used green dye to check for sewer discharges and had the idea to turn the river green for Saint Patrick's Day. Originally 100 pounds of vegetable dye was used to turn the river green for a whole week but now only forty pounds of dye is used and the colour only lasts for several hours.[27] Indianapolis also dyes its main canal green. Savannah dyes its downtown city fountains green. Missouri University of Science and Technology - St Pat's Board Alumni paint 12 city blocks kelly green with mops before the annual parade.[citation needed] In Jamestown, New York, the Chadakoin River (a small tributary that connects Conewango Creek with its source at Chautauqua Lake) is dyed green each year.
Columbia, South Carolina, dyes its fountain green in the area known as Five Points (a popular collegiate location near the University of South Carolina). A two-day celebration is held over St Patrick's Day weekend. In Boston, Evacuation Day is celebrated as a public holiday for Suffolk County. While officially commemorating the British departure from Boston, it was made an official holiday after Saint Patrick's Day parades had been occurring in Boston for several decades and is believed to have been popularized because of its falling on the same day as Saint Patrick's Day.[1] Since 1992, the participation of gay and lesbian people in the Boston parade has been disputed and this was the subject of the 1995 U.S. Supreme Court case Hurley v. Irish-American Gay, Lesbian, and Bisexual Group of Boston. The New York parade has experienced a similar controversy since 1991,[28] with boycotts by Mayors Menino and Dinkins, and De Blasio, and Walsh expected to boycott in 2014.
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In the Northeastern United States, peas are traditionally planted on Saint Patrick's Day.[29]
Many parades are held to celebrate the holiday. The longest-running public parades are:
People in Atlanta, Georgia celebrate St. Patrick's Day by holding a parade that courses through several blocks of a main portion of the city, particularly on Peachtree Street in Midtown Atlanta.[41] In 2012, what was called the largest Irish flag in history was used in Atlanta's parade.[41] The St. Patrick's Day parade has been held in Atlanta since 1858.[42] In the 2014 parade, more than 200 units participated from across the South, and as far away as Ireland.[42]
A large St. Patrick's Day parade is held in South Boston, Massachusetts.[43][44] During the Revolutionary War on March 17, 1776,[1] when the British soldiers saw a line of 55 American cannons at Dorchester Heights, as well as hollowed-out logs that appeared to be cannons, they left Boston.[44] The password for safe passage through continental lines at that time was "St. Patrick."[44] The very first celebration of Evacuation Day (Massachusetts) was in 1901.[44] This day is celebrated in remembrance of the day that General George Washington and the Continental Army succeeded in causing British troops to end their occupation of Boston.[1][44] Major George F.H. Murray of the Ninth Regiment of the Army was the first chief marshal of the parade.[44]
The city of Buffalo has two full Saint Patrick's Day parades. The first is the "Old Neighborhood Parade," which is in its 19th year in 2012 and takes place in the city's historic Old First Ward in South Buffalo on the Saturday nearest Saint Patrick's Day (before or after). The older, larger "Buffalo Saint Patrick's Day Parade" (in its 70th consecutive year in 2012) also takes place, usually on the day after the Old Neighborhood parade. That parade runs from Niagara Square along Delaware Avenue to North Street.[45][46] The latter parade is the third largest parade in New York State behind the New York City Parade and the Pearl River Parade.
In addition to the full parades, Talty's Tavern also holds a spoof parade that lasts only one block.[47]
Butte Montana's mining history brought in a large population of Irish immigrants, to the point that Gaelic was spoken as a common language in the mines and Butte had the highest percentage of Irish population of any city in America, including Boston.[48] Today, the city's population is under 40,000 people, and the annual St. Patrick's Day celebration brings in roughly 30,000 visitors each year, nearly doubling the city's population for the day. Butte has a long history of running a parade through the Uptown District of the city and hosting music at a number of venues, including numerous bars, including one featuring booths created from church pews that had been imported from Dublin and a stone imported from County Clare at the door for visitors to touch.[49] Until 2013 there was no open container law in Butte, and the current ordinance only prohibits open containers between 2:00 am and 8:00 am.[50] The day's events have a reputation for rowdy celebrations.[51]
The Irish comprise one of the largest ethnic groups in the city of Chicago.[52] Although the Irish are present throughout the city, the Beverly, Morgan Park, and Mount Greenwood neighborhoods have had strong Irish-Catholic populations as does the adjacent suburbs of Blue Island, Alsip, Merrionette Park, and Oak Lawn. People on the south side that are of Irish heritage are known as the "South Side Irish," and have long had an influential role in the political and economic scene of the city. They even have their own song that features lines pronouncing pride in Irish-American heritage.
The city has many different Saint Patrick's Day celebrations, the most famous being the dyeing of the Chicago River. Each year, the city hosts a parade downtown, which is preceded by the dyeing of the Chicago River. The dyeing of the river involves thousands of people lining the banks of the river and watching as a boat releases dye into the river and turns the river a kelly green color. The Chicago Journeymen Plumbers Union Local 130 has historically sponsored the river dyeing and know the secret to the dye mix.[53]
Another famous celebration is the South Side Irish parade. This is known as more of a celebration by those of Irish heritage rather than a popular activity attended by people of all heritages like the downtown celebration has been known. This parade features traditional Irish dancers, as well as various businesses and organisations from around the city. This parade has been scaled back in recent years as the Saint Patrick's Day committee announced that it was becoming too large for the community to handle. In 2010, the South Side Parade was suspended. Due in part to pressure from community businesses—particularly pubs and package goods stores—as well as local churches on the city, the parade was reinstated in 2012. Of the various St. Patrick's Day parades in Chicago, the South Side parade tries to be family friendly and currently has a zero tolerance policy for public alcohol consumption while attending the parade.[54]
The Chicago White Sox baseball team, who play on the South side, are known for their "Halfway to Saint Patrick's Day" promotion held in September, when the team wears white jerseys with green pinstripes and caps, in lieu of the traditional black.
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As Ohio's largest and oldest St. Patrick's Day celebration, Cleveland has honored its Irish heritage with an annual Saint Patrick's Day parade first begun in 1867. The parade always occurs on March 17, no matter the day of the week. Originally held in the nearby westside neighborhoods with high numbers of Irish population, the parade has grown to its present day location of Downtown Cleveland. Superior Avenue in Downtown Cleveland plays host to the parade route stretching from E.18th St to Public Square.
In recent years, over 15,000 registered participants march in the parade and display their floats in front of hundreds of thousands of spectators.[55] A new record attendance was set in 2012 with over 500,000 people.[56]
As part of the ceremony of the Cleveland Parade, a grand garshal is chosen to preside over the parade. This is an honorary title given to a man "usually in his senior years, who has contributed significantly to the advancement of the Irish Activities in Cleveland." This recognition has been part of the ceremony since 1935. Also, since 1963, a "Mother of the Year" has been recognized.
Five Points in Columbia, South Carolina, is home to one of the largest Saint Patrick's Day celebrations in the southeast. Each year Saint Patrick's in Five Points welcomes over 40,000 people living the luck of the Irish and celebrating all things Gaelic. Continually growing and improving, the festival includes a 10K and 5K run, a fun-filled parade, family entertainment, Irish food and craft offerings, child attraction, the Pot O' Gold Playland, a swinging shag dance exhibition and DJ throwdown, as well as five outdoor stages with live music hosting over 25 musical acts.
St. Patrick's Day was first formally celebrated in Detroit in 1808.[57] The current parade, sponsored by the United Irish Societies, began in 1959. It is held in Detroit's Corktown neighborhood, named after the its Irish residents who primarily immigrated from County Cork.
The "World's Smallest Saint Patrick's Day Parade" occurs in Enterprise, Alabama, each year.[58] A person of Irish descent, generally dressed in festive garb and carrying a large Irish flag, is the only person in the parade. He, or she, walks one block from the courthouse to the Boll Weevil Monument and back to the courthouse. The parade is reported by local[59] and national news.[60]
The New Jersey city of Hoboken has held an annual Saint Patrick's Day parade since 1986.[61] The parade takes place at 1 pm and marches down Washington Street from 14th Street to 1st Street.
Over the years, there has been much controversy surrounding the public intoxication during this event. The city has issued a zero tolerance policy, and has been enacting $2,000 minimum fines for any alcohol-related offence.[62]
This western Massachusetts factory town was the site of massive Irish immigration in the 19th century and hosts a parade its organizers claim is the second largest in the United States. It is scheduled on the Sunday following Saint Patrick's Day each year. Attendance exceeds 300,000, with over 25,000 marchers through a 2.3-mile route in the city of 40,000. A 10K road race and many events create a remarkable festival weekend.[63] Each year an Irish-American who has distinguished himself or herself in his or her chosen profession is awarded the John F. Kennedy National Award. JFK was a National Award Winner in the 1958 Holyoke Parade. Other winners include author Tom Clancy, Homeland Security Director Tom Ridge, and actor Pat O'Brien[64]
The Hot Springs, Arkansas, parade is among world's shortest and is held annually on historic Bridge Street, designated "The Shortest Street in the World" in the 1940s by Ripley's Believe It or Not.[65][66] The street is 98 feet long, making it suitable for the shortest Saint Patrick's Day parade in the world.[67]
Mal's St. Paddy's Parade in downtown Jackson started in 1983 and has grown each year. The parade is the brainchild of Jackson entrepreneur Malcolm White, who is now the executive director of the Mississippi Arts Commission.[68] For years, a highlight of the parade was the Sweet Potato Queens, who started a separate parade in 2011 because their ranks of marchers had grown too numerous.[69]
The Southern Nevada (formerly Las Vegas) Sons and Daughters of Erin have put on a parade since 1966. It was formerly held on Fremont Street in downtown Las Vegas, later moved to 4th Street. Since 2005, the parade has been held in downtown Henderson. It is the biggest parade in the state of Nevada with over 100 entries. The celebration includes a three-day festival, carnival and classic car show in Old Town Henderson.[citation needed]
Maryville, Missouri, home of Northwest Missouri State University, annually holds a parade sponsored by The Palms Bar and Grill that has been recognised by the Guinness Book of World Records as the shortest Saint Patrick's Day parade. It runs approximately 1/2 of a block.
Historically the largest entry port for Irish immigrants in the US South, New Orleans has maintained a large population of Irish heritage. The earliest record of Saint Patrick's Day celebrations in the city is 1809. Saint Patrick's Day traditions going back to the 19th century continue, including multiple block parties and parades.
The New Orleans parades are mostly based around neighborhood and community organizations. Major parades include the Irish Channel parade, the Downtown Irish Parade starting in the Bywater neighborhood, multiple parades in the French Quarter, and a combined Irish-Italian Parade celebrating both Saint Patrick's Day and Saint Joseph's Day. As with many parades in New Orleans, the influence of New Orleans Mardi Gras is apparent, with some of the floats being reused from local Carnival parades, and beads and trinkets being thrown to those along the parade route. New Orleans Saint Patrick's Day parades are also famous for throwing onions, carrots, cabbages, potatoes, and other ingredients for making an Irish stew.
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Various suburbs and surrounding communities also hold celebrations, including parades in Metairie, Slidell, and an Irish Italian Isleño Parade in Chalmette.[70]
The New York parade has not only become the largest Saint Patrick's Day parade in the world but it is also the oldest civilian parade in the world.[71] In a typical year, 150,000 marchers participate in it, including bands, firefighters, military and police groups, county associations, emigrant societies and social and cultural clubs with two million spectators line the streets.[72] The parade marches up the 1.5-mile route along 5th Avenue in Manhattan, is a five-hour procession, and is always led by the 69th Infantry Regiment (New York). The commissioner of the parade always asks the commanding officer if the 69th is ready, to which the response is, "The 69th is always ready." New York politicians—or those running for office—are always found prominently marching in the parade. Former New York City Mayor Ed Koch (who was of Jewish ethnicity) once proclaimed himself "Ed O'Koch" for the day, and he continued to don an Irish sweater and march every year up until 2003, even though he was no longer in office.[73]
For many years the parade has banned participating groups from displaying banners identifying their sexuality.[74][75][76][77][78] In 1989 Dorothy Hayden Cudahy became the first female Grand Marshal of the Saint Patrick's Day Parade; in 1984 she had become the first woman, as well as the first American-born person, to be elected president of the County Kilkenny Association.[79][80][81]
On September 3, 2014, the organizers of the parade announced a decision to lift the ban on gay groups, as they preferred to keep the parade non-political and the ban was having the opposite effect.[82]
The New York parade is moved to the previous Saturday (16 March) in years where 17 March is a Sunday. The event also has been moved on the rare occasions when, due to Easter's falling on a very early date, 17 March would land in Holy Week. This same scenario arose again in 2008, when Easter fell on 23 March, but the festivities occurred on their normal date and were enjoyed by a record number of viewers.[83] In many other American cities (such as San Francisco), the parade is always held on the Sunday before 17 March, regardless of the liturgical calendar.
Omaha's "Stockyards" opened in 1883 and was once considered the largest livestock market in the world. This led to many ethnic groups' settling in the surrounded area, one of which is Irish. The Irish were the third largest ethnic group in South Omaha in the 20th century. Today the Ancient Order of Hibernians (AOH) Sarpy County Division's St. Patrick's Day Parade has more than 130 entries and lasts more than 90 minutes as it snakes through downtown and the Old Market.
Pearl River attracts a crowd of 100,000 people, making it the second largest parade in New York state behind the New York City Parade. The parade started in 1963.[84]
The St. Patrick Society sponsors a St. Patrick's Day Parade and Party on March 17 of each year. The Parade participants march along the designated parade route through downtown Peoria. Awards are presented in the following parade categories: Business Entries, Family Entries, and Organizational Entries. The Parade route ends near the designated site of the family-focused St. Patrick's Day Party where families (Irish Clans) meet and enjoy Irish Music, Irish Dance and Irish refreshments.[85]
The St. Patrick's Day parade in Philadelphia is the nation's second-oldest, having begun there in 1771.[2][86] In 2013, the parade included about 20,000 participants in more than 150 groups.[86] Participants included marching bands, youth groups, music dance groups, Irish associations, float riders and operators, and flag carriers.[86]
A large Irish population in this cluster of Midwestern cities hosts an impressive St. Patrick's Day parade. It is the only United States parade hosted on an Interstate, crossing the I-74 bridge from Moline, Illinois into Bettendorf, Iowa. Being so close to Chicago, this parade still gathers around 200,000 annually on its historical parade route. Some travel experts have labeled it as one of the top St. Patrick's Day parades in North America. Much of this is due to the unique nature and small town hospitality you get in the Quad Cities. The whole area combined is a population of around 350,000, with Davenport being the largest city at just under 100,000.[citation needed]
Rolla is home to the Missouri University of Science & Technology (formerly known as University of Missouri-Rolla, and Missouri School of Mines), an engineering college. Inasmuch as Saint Patrick is the patron saint of engineers, the school and town's celebrations start ten days before Saint Patrick's Day, with a downtown parade held the Saturday before Saint Patrick's. A royal court is crowned, and the streets in the city's downtown area are painted solid green. Each year's celebrations are said to be "The Best Ever." In 2008, Rolla celebrated its "100th Annual Best Ever Saint Patrick's Day 2008" celebration.[citation needed]
In previous years, a pit of green liquid was made by students as part of the festivities, and named 'Alice'--stepping into Alice was a rite of bravery. In recent years the university faculty has banned the practice out of health concerns.[87]
San Diego's St. Patrick's Day Parade is "the largest [St. Patrick's Day] Parade west of the Mississippi" as noted by its host organisation, the Irish Congress of Southern California (ICSC). It is also one of the largest single-day events in San Diego; in 2010, the Parade featured more than 150 parade entries and the Parade and Festival were attended by over 30,000 people. The 2011 parade is the 31st annual St. Patrick's Day Parade and Irish Festival in Balboa Park, the large cultural park on the north side of downtown San Diego.[88][89]
There has been a Saint Patrick's Day celebration in San Francisco since 1852. San Francisco has always had a large Irish American population and for many decades Irish Americans were the largest ethnic group in San Francisco. However, as of the early 21st century, the largest ethnic group in San Francisco is Chinese Americans and most of the Irish Americans have moved to the suburban parts of the San Francisco Bay Area. Each year, however, Irish from all over the San Francisco Bay Area come into San Francisco to march in or to see the Saint Patrick's Day parade march down Market Street, held the Sunday before Saint Patrick's Day. Numerous people from all ethnic groups can be seen wearing green in San Francisco on Saint Patrick's Day.[citation needed]
One of the largest parades is held in Savannah, Georgia. The parade held in Savannah is the largest in Georgia.[42] Many Irish settled in Savannah even in the earliest years since those freed from debtors' prison were invited to join General James Oglethorpe's fledging colony. There is a Mass at the Cathedral of Saint John the Baptist prior to the parade. In the early 1960s, there was an attempt to dye the Savannah River green, but all it produced was an irregular green stripe in the middle of the river. The parade organisers claimed an expected attendance of around 400,000 for 2011.[90] In 2006, the Tánaiste was featured in the parade. The parade travels through Savannah's Historic District. One tradition that has developed has been the official "dyeing of the fountains"[42] which happens several days before the parade.
Some confusion exists about the year of the first Saint Patrick's Day parade in Savannah. There is some evidence that a private parade was held by "an unidentified group" referred to as "Fencibles" on 17 March 1813.[91][92] Another source states that the first St. Patrick's Day celebration in Savannah was held in 1818.[42] However, it is generally accepted that the first publicly held Saint Patrick's Day procession was in 1824, organised by the Hibernian Society.[31][93]
The 2012 Parade included over 360 participants making it the largest parade in the history of the City of Savannah.[94] Organizers say that the 2012 crowd was well over a million people.[94]
Due to the rich history of Scranton participation in Saint Patrick's Day festivities it is one of the oldest parades in the United States. It has been going on annually since 1862 by the Saint Patrick's Day Parade Association of Lackawanna County and the parade has got attention nationally as being one of the better Saint Patrick's Day parades. The parade route begins on Wyoming Ave. and loops up to Penn Ave. and then Lackawanna Ave. before going back down over Jefferson Ave. to get to Washington Ave. While it is an impressive parade for a town the size of Scranton, it pales in comparison to larger cities in regards to size. Many people from the area believe this to be one of the greatest parades in the U.S.[citation needed]
Seattle Washington's Saint Patrick's Day Parade,[95] recognised by CNN in 2009 as one of the "Five places to get your green on" in America,[96] travels along a 1-mile route through the Emerald City's downtown financial and retail core the Saturday before Saint Patrick's Day. Seattle's Saint Patrick's Day Celebration is the largest and oldest in the Northwestern United States. In 2009, some 20,000 spectators and groups from throughout the Northwest turned out for the city's Irish shenanigans. Along with the annual "Laying 'O the Green" where Irish revellers mark the path of the next morning's procession with a mile-long green stripe, the Seattle parade marks the high-point of Seattle's Irish Week festivities. The week-long civic celebration organised by the city's Irish Heritage Club [2] includes the annual Society of the Friends of Saint Patrick Dinner where a century-old Irish Shillelagh[97] has been passed to the group's new president for 70 years, an Irish Soda Bread Baking Contest, a Mass for Peace that brings together Catholics and others in a Protestant church, and the annual Irish Week Festival, which takes place around Saint Patrick's Day is enormous, including step dancing, food, historical and modern exhibitions, and Irish lessons. Many celebrities of Irish descent visit Seattle during its Saint Patrick's Day Celebration. In 2010 The Right Honourable Desmond Guinness, a direct descendant of Guinness Brewery founder Arthur Guinness, will serve as the parade's grand marshal. In 2009, The Tonight Show's Conan O'Brien made a guest appearance at the annual Mayor's Proclamation Luncheon at local Irish haunt F.X. McCrory's. And in 2008, European Union Ambassador to the US and former Irish Prime Minister John Bruton served as the parade's grand marshal and marched alongside Tom Costello, the mayor of Galway, Seattle's Irish sister city. Spokane, in eastern Washington, also hosts a Saint Patrick's Day Parade.
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In the city of Syracuse, NY, Saint Patrick's celebrations are traditionally begun with the delivery of green beer to Coleman's Irish Pub on the last Sunday of February. Coleman's is located in the Tipperary Hill section of the city. Tipperary Hill is home to the World famous "Green-on-Top" Traffic Light and is historically the Irish section in Syracuse. Saint Patrick's Day is rung in at midnight with the painting of a Shamrock under the Green-Over-Red traffic light. Syracuse boasts the largest Saint Patrick's Day celebration per-capita in the United States with their annual Syracuse Saint Patrick's Parade,[98] founded by Nancy Duffy, an honoured journalist in the Central New York area and an active community leader, and Daniel F. Casey, a local Irishman and businessman. "The parade remains a major annual event, typically drawing an estimated crowd of more than 100,000 visitors to downtown Syracuse, as well as 5,000 to 6,000 marchers."[99]
The Tallahassee Irish Society has been hosting an annual Saint Patrick's Day event in Tallahassee since 1999. In 2010, along with the City of Tallahassee, the first annual Saint Patrick's Day parade and Downtown Get Down is being hosted along Adams Street.[100]
A one-day music festival called National ShamrockFest has been held in Washington, D.C. each year since 2000 in association with Saint Patrick's Day. Approximately 40,000 people attend each year.
Although Major League Baseball is still in its preseason spring training phase when Saint Patrick's Day rolls around, some teams celebrate by wearing holiday-themed uniforms. The Cincinnati Reds were the first team to wear Saint Patrick's Day hats in 1978. The Boston Red Sox were the second team to start wearing Saint Patrick's Day hats in 1990.[101] Many teams have since started wearing Saint Patrick's day themed jerseys, including the Philadelphia Phillies in the 1980s and Boston Red Sox in 2004;[102] the green uniforms have also been worn twice during the regular season, in 2007 and 2008, as a tribute to the NBA's Boston Celtics, whose primary color is green. Since then it has become a tradition of many sports teams to also wear special uniforms to celebrate the holiday. The Los Angeles Dodgers also have a history with the Irish-American community. With the O'Malley family owning the team and more recently Frank McCourt, the Dodgers have had team celebrations or worn green jerseys on Saint Patrick's Day.[103] The Detroit Tigers and Philadelphia Phillies also wear Saint Patrick's Day caps and jerseys.[104] Other teams celebrate by wearing kelly green hats. These teams include: the Chicago Cubs, the Chicago White Sox, the New York Mets, the San Diego Padres, the Atlanta Braves, the Pittsburgh Pirates, the Kansas City Royals, the Seattle Mariners and the St. Louis Cardinals.[105] The Washington Nationals have fan green hat day on 17 September to represent 6 months to Saint Patrick's Day. The White Sox belatedly celebrate Saint Patrick's Day every second week of September by wearing a variation of their pinstriped home uniforms, featuring green instead of black, as part of their "Halfway to St. Patty's" promotion.
Nearly all Major League Baseball teams now produce Saint Patrick's Day merchandise, including Kelly green hats, jerseys, and T-shirts.[106]
Four National Basketball Association teams adopt their third jerseys exclusively for Saint Patrick's Day (or Saint Patrick's Day week). During Saint Patrick's Day week, the Boston Celtics, whose road jersey is green, wear their gold/green jerseys, the Chicago Bulls wear their black/green alternate jersey which was introduced in the 2005–06 season, and the Toronto Raptors wear their black/green alternate jerseys which was introduced during the 2007–08 season. During Saint Patrick's Day games, the New York Knicks wear their green/orange alternate, which they adopted in the 2005–06 season, but in the 2009–10 season, they adopted it for both March 17 and Christmas (the league makes a conscious effort to schedule games between teams with green uniforms and red uniforms on the holiday).
The practice is not present in college basketball, due to the holiday being largely overshadowed by the NCAA Men's Division I Basketball Championship.
The New Jersey Devils of the National Hockey League traditionally wear their throwback uniforms, which include green in the color scheme (green was removed from the Devils' uniforms in 1992), on Saint Patrick's Day and did so for their 2010 and 2012 games against the Pittsburgh Penguins. They also wore them, albeit belatedly, on March 18, 2011 against the Washington Capitals; the Devils played a road game on March 17.[107] Although the Devils, Dallas Stars and Minnesota Wild (the last two of which have green in their regular color schemes) are the only U.S.-based teams to wear green on ice, the league has offered a line of holiday-themed gear to its fans in recent years.[108] The Buffalo Sabres also donned green and white Irish-inspired practice jerseys (complete with insular script for the names and captain designations) prior to their March 16, 2014 game (the team switched to their regular gold third jerseys prior to the game itself); the jerseys were auctioned off for charity after the game.[109]
The Buffalo Bandits of the National Lacrosse League (like the NHL's Sabres, owned by Terrence Pegula) introduced a special black-and-green third jersey on their Saint Patrick's Day 2012 game, which was likewise auctioned off for charity.[110]
The only other major American sport, football, is out of season during the Saint Patrick's Day holiday. The National Football League does sell Saint Patrick's Day merchandise for its teams, however.[111]
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A good friend and client of mine asked me to give him a quick opinion on the American Clean Energy and Security Act of 2009 (Cap and Trade Bill) and to gauge its impact on the real estate market in the coming years. No big deal I figured, I'll just grab a beer and see what this thing is all about …
What I found was disturbing. First of all, that beer needed to be a 12-pack, because the Cap and Trade Bill (American Clean Energy and Security Act of 2009) is a 1,428 page document written in typical political gobbledy-gook, with far too many words and noticeably void of any pictures. If you're really bored, you can download a copy of the Cap and Trade Bill from here on the Tallahassee Real Estate Blog.
Specifically, here are the words found all over the internet that concerned my friend.
You won't be able to sell your home unless you retrofit it to comply with the energy and water efficiency standards of this Act. H.R. 2454, the "Cap & Trade Bill" passed by the House of Representatives, if also passed by the Senate, will be the largest tax increase any of us has ever experienced.
Needless to say, this grabbed my attention and I began looking for more information on the Cap and Trade Bill.
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American Clean Energy And Security Act and Real Estate
An article in the Washington Post does a good job explaining the impact that the Cap And Trade Bill will have on new home construction and the housing market:
The bill would give the federal government power over local building codes. It requires that by 2012 codes must require that new buildings be 30 percent more efficient than they would have been under current regulations. By 2016, that figure rises to 50 percent, with increases scheduled for years after that. With those targets in mind, the bill expects organizations that develop model codes for states and localities to fill in the details, creating a national code. If they don't, the bill commands the Energy Department to draft a national code itself.
States, meanwhile, would have to adopt the national code or one that achieves the same efficiency targets. Those that refuse will see their codes overwritten automatically, and they will be docked federal funds and carbon "allowances" — valuable securities created elsewhere in the bill that give the holder the right to pollute and can be sold. The Energy Department also could enforce its code itself. Among other things, the policy would demonstrate the new leverage of allocation of allowances as a sort of carbon currency — leverage this bill would be giving to Congress to direct state behavior. washingtonpost.com.
Disinformation About The Cap And Trade Bill
Sometimes it is very hard to tell the "airbags" from the experts on the internet. People can write whatever they please and if they have a decent writing style, they will develop a following. I suspect that is what has occurred with the disinformation on the American Clean Energy and Security Act that we are reviewing.
This blog article started because my friend sent me a link to a forum where the following was posted (I have since found it verbatim on a number of forums…
Beginning 1 year after enactment of the Cap and Trade Bill, you won't be able to sell your home unless you retrofit it to comply with the energy and water efficiency standards of this Act. H.R. 2454, the "Cap & Trade" bill passed by the House of Representatives, if also passed by the Senate, will be the largest tax increase any of us has ever experienced.
The Congressional Budget Office (supposedly non-partisan) estimates that in just a few years the average cost to every family of four will be $6,800 per year. No one is excluded. However, once the lower classes feel the pinch in their wallets, you can be sure these voters get a tax refund (even if they pay no taxes at all) to offset this new cost. Thus, you Mr. and Mrs. Middle Class America will have to pay even more since additional tax dollars will be needed to bail out everyone else.
But wait, there's more …
A year from now you won't be able to sell your house. Yes, you read that right. The caveat is (there always is a caveat) that if you have enough money to make required major upgrades to your home, then you can sell it. But, if not, then forget it. Even pre-fabricated homes ("mobile homes") are included.
In effect, this Cap and Trade Bill prevents you from selling your home without the permission of the EPA administrator. To get this permission, you will have to have the energy efficiency of your home measured. Then the government will tell you what your new energy efficiency requirement is and you will be forced to make modifications to your home under the retrofit provisions of this Act to comply with the new energy and water efficiency requirements.
Then you will have to get your home measured again and get a license (called a "label" in the Cap and Trade Bill) that must be posted on your property to show what your efficiency rating is; sort of like the Energy Star efficiency rating label on your refrigerator or air conditioner. If you don't get a high enough rating, you can't sell. And, the EPA administrator is authorized to raise the standards every year, even above the automatic energy efficiency increases built into the Act.
OK, enough of the forums … what does the American Clean Energy and Security Act of 2009 really say?
I believe that if the American Clean Energy and Security Act of 2009 (Cap and Trade Bill) is enacted, new home construction costs will go up, and home affordability will decline. It appears as if a "national building code" will be created, thus usurping some of the rights of State's to control building quality as they see fit.
A cursory examination of the 1,428-page bill, in its current form, finds it does not call for mandating an energy audit on existing homes. However, according to the House Committee on Energy and Commerce, Section 204 of the legislation does call for building an energy performance labeling program for new home and commercial properties.
With all the government people in and around Tallahassee, maybe we can get a few to drop a comment or two here to give us the real scoop on the Cap and Trade Bill.
Happy Anniversary Mom And Dad
Today is the 49th Wedding Anniversary for Mary Lou and Trent Manausa (or at least that's the story they gave me). If you happen to see them, wish them the best. They deserve it ….
Topic: Cap and Trade Bill
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Has it been posted somewhere?
I would value the real life experience of how it happened, the solution and lessons learned.
<ack>limbo go there first :)</ack>
[edited by: benihana at 3:14 pm (utc) on Nov. 15, 2005]
Just not fast enough these days!
Oh well, it was prob too technical anyway. But I did check back each day WWW was down to find out what had happened. Perhaps an appended version for us outsiders?
ps. Love this place regardless


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Dusty.....The Gremlin Cat. |
Dusty.....The Gremlin Cat. |
My Baby Cocker Spaniel Pup Chewy! <3 |
I have a little sister named Dana and an older sister named Shelby. I love music more than anything else in the world. I also love reading books, swimming, and painting. I am a Senior in high school and my future job that I want to have is to go to Japan and teach English/Grammar at a military base or a pre-school class. Current Residence: America deviantWEAR sizing preference: Don't have one Print preference: Don't need one Favorite genre of music: All music it is my LIFE!!! Favorite photographer: My mom Favorite style of art: Lyrical Abstraction Operating System: Ps3 MP3 player of choice: SanDisk sansa, Ipod Shell of choice: Seashell? Wallpaper of choice: Chibi Skin of choice: Light blue Favorite cartoon character: Spongebob Squarepants, Tigger.....and Mickey Mouse Personal Quote: "What would you do if Unicorns were real animals?" |


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Brook Lopez of the Brooklyn Nets blocks a shot by Wesley Matthews of... News PhotoBarclays Center - Brooklyn,Basketball - NBA Pro,Basketball - Sport,Bestof,Blocking,Borough - District Type,Brook Lopez,Brooklyn - New York,Brooklyn Nets,Full Length,Making a Basket,NBA,New York City,Portland Trail Blazers,Sport,Taking a Shot - Sport,Topics,Topix,USA,Vertical,Wesley MatthewsPhotographer Bruce BennettCollection: Getty Images Sport 2012 Getty ImagesNEW YORK, NY - NOVEMBER 25: Brook Lopez #11 of the Brooklyn Nets blocks a shot by Wesley Matthews #2 of the Portland Trail Blazers at the Barclays Center on November 25, 2012 in the Brooklyn borough of New York City. NOTE TO USER: User expressly acknowledges and agrees that, by downloading and/or using this photograph, user is consenting to the terms and conditions of the Getty Images License Agreement. The Nets defeated the Trail Blazers 98-85. (Photo by Bruce Bennett/Getty Images)


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Alpinestars Charger Backpack Black/Red |
Product InformationAlpinestars Charger Backpack Black/Red* Streamlined 25L lightweight backpack.
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Johnson to have surgery on right wrist, could miss rest of season
Updated: June 24, 2008, 5:32 PM ET
Associated Press
WASHINGTON -- Nationals first baseman Nick Johnson will undergo surgery Tuesday on his injured right wrist and may not return this season.
"We'll know more tomorrow when they operate, but there's a possibility he might be out for the year," Nationals general manager Jim Bowden said before Monday night's game against the Angels.
Johnson has been on the disabled list since May 15 with a tear in the tendon sheath of his right wrist. He was sent to the Mayo Clinic for more tests Monday ...
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Bolton midfielder Sean Davis set to be out of action for two months
Injury problems: Sean Davis Bolton manager Owen Coyle has revealed Sean Davis could be out of action for up to two months with a knee problem. Davis has made only four appearances for Wanderers since joining from Portsmouth in the summer of 2009 and missed virtually the whole of last season after undergoing surgery to repair an articular cartilage injury. The midfielder came out of a recent reserve game against Manchester City feeling some discomfort in his knee and Coyle has vowed to take no risks with Davis' recovery. 'Sean played for the reserves the other week against Manchester City and he felt a little twinge in his knee,' Coyle said. 'We've done a scan and he has been told to rest completely for six to eight weeks. 'It's disappointing for Sean and the football club because he has worked ever so hard to get himself in decent shape but we have to make sure that we do the right thing. 'It's the advice that we have been given and that's where we are with everything.' Johan's the man again! Steinsson heaps praise on Bolton pal ElmanderBolton line up Clever move as Coyle renews interest in United youngster BOLTON WANDERERS FC
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ST. CHARLES, Mo. (KMOV) -- The Missouri Department of transportation is delaying lanes closures on the Blanchette Bridge due to cooler weather expected this weekend.
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But MoDOT officials said they still need to do work to get ready and will close three of the five westbound lanes from 7 a.m. to 7 p.m. Saturday.
Worker will be restriping the road and putting in a barrier wall to separate lanes.


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Hunter Zolomon
-What does she think of Viktor and Zaun in general? -What does she think of Ezreal? -Is she afraid of Void monsters, or does she more just have a general "hey, it's a bigger target for me to punch" attitude? -Does she take hand-to-hand combat training to deal with people who are strong and durable enough to be able to tank her punches and hurt her in return? -Has she dealt with Shaco at all? -Does she care about mitigating collateral damage, or is she more of an "act now, clean up the mess later" type of mindset?
The Vikachu
Senior Member
Does she get mad when other people pun off of her name? Which champion(s) would she like to brawl with the most? Has she ever lost her temper and given Caitlyn a black eye? Because I would find that hilarious. Has she ever thought about making a full suit of armor to complement her gloves?
What does Vi think of Rumble? If you asked her what it was like being polymorphed by Lulu, what would she say? Does Nocturne frighten her at all? You know being a living nightmare and all. What's her opinion on Yi's attire? How does Sona's music make her feel?
Ask Gragas
Does Vi like Graggy? If not, tell 'er she's gettin' some 'nyway. Don't care what she thinks, she'll be in the fembro club!
Would Vi give Amumu some self-confidence advice? Has Vi ever traveled to Ionia? What would she think of say, Irelia or Master Yi? What's her opinion about Riven? Seems like they'd share some similarities, being sort of the "out of touch of their origins" kind of people.
There's no arguing that Vi has some emotional issues hidden beneath the surface, being twice abandoned will do that to anyone. In general people with a past like Vi's and such a projection of a strong shell tend to have less inner strength. An example would be Vi's reaction to being abandoned by her gang. She's so devastated by it she doesn't just cut ties with her gang, she cut ties with the entire criminal underworld. She retreated into solitude and attempted to prove her strength by preying on the kind of people who'd hurt her. This begs the question, could some part of Vi have latched onto Caitlyn because Caitlyn is a shining example of the kind of truly strong person Vi wants to be?


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Defense Infrastructure:
Services' Use of Land Use Planning Authorities
GAO-08-850: Published: Jul 23, 2008. Publicly Released: Jul 23, 2008.
Additional Materials:
- Highlights Page:
- Full Report:
- Accessible Text:
(202) 512-4523
Office of Public Affairs
(202) 512-4800
The Department of Defense (DOD) is one of the largest landholding agencies in the federal government with more than 577,500 facilities at 5,300 sites on over 32 million acres. GAO has previously reported that the management of DOD-held real property is a high-risk area, in part because of deteriorating facilities and problems with excess and underutilized property. To address these problems, DOD has developed a multipart strategy involving base realignment and closure, housing privatization, and demolition of facilities that are no longer needed. DOD is also leasing out underutilized real property to gain resources to repair or construct facilities. The House Armed Services Committee Report on the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2008 directed the Comptroller General to provide an analysis of DOD's use of its land use planning authorities. Specifically, GAO examined (1) how DOD has used its authorities; (2) the reasons why land, buildings, and facilities on DOD installations may appear to be underutilized or not utilized; and (3) the policies and procedures used by the services to respond to requests by other federal agencies for space at a DOD installation. GAO reviewed pertinent legislation and DOD and service policies, interviewed officials from DOD and all four services, and visited 10 installations from all four services.
Although many land use planning authorities currently exist that permit the Secretary of Defense, the secretaries of the military departments, or both to help make more efficient use of real property under their control, Section 2667 of Title 10, U.S. Code, leasing of nonexcess property of military departments, was used the most frequently--744 times from fiscal years 2005 through 2007. Under Section 2667 of Title 10, traditional short-term lease agreements are typically executed, but more financially complex, longer-term enhanced use leases are also executed. Section 2681 of Title 10, the authority to enter into contracts with commercial entities that desire to conduct commercial test and evaluation activities at a major range and test facility installation, was also used frequently, with 601 uses during fiscal years 2005 through 2007. GAO's analysis indicates that there are more than 30 authorities in the U.S. Code pertaining to DOD's utilization of real property. Service officials indicated that they have used these other authorities much less often and only for a limited number of leases or other transactions. Land, buildings, and facilities on DOD installations may appear to be underutilized or not utilized for several reasons. For example, land that appears empty or underutilized often has a variety of restrictions and constraints placed upon its use, including setbacks for antiterrorism protection, mission requirements, safety zones, and environmental concerns. The services identified several reasons why buildings and facilities might be classified as underutilized or not utilized but still remain unavailable for other uses, including historical considerations. Each of the military departments has similar policies and procedures in place for responding to requests for space on an installation from other federal agencies. Service officials told us that requests for space are submitted directly to the installation and should include information on facilities and land requirements, justification for selecting the proposed installation, and a statement of environmental impact. An official request for space is reviewed at the installation level, and the installation commander makes a recommendation to the approving official, although the approving official differs depending on the service and the nature of the request.
Mar 2, 2015
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Feb 26, 2015
Defense Logistics:
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Feb 24, 2015
Acquisition Reform:
DOD Should Streamline Its Decision-Making Process for Weapon Systems to Reduce InefficienciesGAO-15-192: Published: Feb 24, 2015. Publicly Released: Feb 24, 2015.
Feb 18, 2015
Contingency Contracting:
Contractor Personnel Tracking System Needs Better Plans and GuidanceGAO-15-250: Published: Feb 18, 2015. Publicly Released: Feb 18, 2015.
Feb 11, 2015
Building Partner Capacity:
DOD Should Improve Its Reporting to Congress on Challenges to Expanding Ministry of Defense Advisors ProgramGAO-15-279: Published: Feb 11, 2015. Publicly Released: Feb 11, 2015. -
Defense Business Transformation:
DOD Has Taken Some Steps to Address Weaknesses, but Additional Actions Are NeededGAO-15-213: Published: Feb 11, 2015. Publicly Released: Feb 11, 2015.
Jan 29, 2015
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Jan 27, 2015
Defense Logistics:
DOD Has a Strategy and Has Taken Steps to Improve Its Asset Visibility, but Further Actions Are NeededGAO-15-148: Published: Jan 27, 2015. Publicly Released: Jan 27, 2015. -
Depot Maintenance:
Status of the Public-Private Partnership for Repair of the Dual-Mode Transmitter in the F-16 Fire-Control RadarGAO-15-249R: Published: Jan 27, 2015. Publicly Released: Jan 27, 2015.
Jan 21, 2015
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Nurse Jackie: Season 3, Episode 5Rat Falls (25 Apr. 2011) 7.2
Jackie is on edge after realizing the stash of pills she stole from Bill the epileptic drug dealer is quickly dwindling. With a head of steam, Jackie confronts Eddie about his recent text ... See full summary » Director:Tristram Shapeero |
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text: http://blfs-bugs.linuxfromscratch.org/show_bug.cgi?id=1715 ------- Additional Comments From alexander at linuxfromscratch.org 2005-12-15 03:14 ------- See http://bugzilla.xfce.org/show_bug.cgi?id=1099 and its four duplicates. It is the most frequently reported xfce bug, see http://bugzilla.xfce.org/duplicates.cgi ------- You are receiving this mail because: ------- You are the assignee for the bug, or are watching the assignee. You are the QA contact for the bug, or are watching the QA contact.


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Department of Public InstructionRoger Bacon Academy considers options after DPI releases salary infoSubmitted by WWAY on Tue, 11/18/2014 - 2:49pm.READ MORE:
A Leland-based charter school management company is looking at its options after state regulators yesterday released information the company believes should be protected from the state's public records laws.
Full story... » FIRST ON 3: DPI releases RBA salary info marked 'confidential,' 'trade secret'Submitted by WWAY on Mon, 11/17/2014 - 11:37pm.READ MORE:
The North Carolina Department of Public Instruction has released to several media outlets including WWAY salary information submitted by a Leland-based educational management company for employees who work at four area charter schools even though it was submitted as confidential trade secrets.
Full story... » Charter Day School leader speaks about 'Financial Probationary Status'Submitted by Hannah Patrick on Fri, 11/07/2014 - 3:52pm.READ MORE:
The chairman for the board of trustees for Charter Day School says the company's The Financial Probationary Status should be resolved soon.
Full story... » State school board puts Charter Day School on 'Financial Probationary Status'Submitted by WWAY on Thu, 11/06/2014 - 1:10pm.READ MORE:
The North Carolina Board of Education has placed a Leland-based charter school company on Financial Probationary Status.
Full story... » ONLY ON 3: DPI released private information of charter school management companySubmitted by Kevin Wuzzardo on Mon, 10/27/2014 - 6:50pm.READ MORE:
The debate over whether certain information about private companies that manage charter schools in North Carolina is part of the public record has taken another turn.
Full story... » FIRST ON 3: Roger Bacon Academy willing to submit staff salaries as confidential trade secretsSubmitted by Alyssa Rosenberg on Mon, 10/27/2014 - 4:06pm.READ MORE:
Leland-based Charter Day School, Inc., had until today to submit salaries of school personnel who work for and are paid by its management company Roger Bacon Academy.
But documents obtained today by WWAY show RBA is willing to make a deal.
Full story... » Charter Day School leader speaks about staff and salary disclosureSubmitted by Alyssa Rosenberg on Fri, 10/17/2014 - 4:04pm.READ MORE:
Yesterday state regulators told a local charter school company the information they submitted about employee salaries last month is incomplete. Today, a company leader responded publicly.
Full story... » FIRST ON 3: Charter Day School, Inc., state filing omits employee informationSubmitted by WWAY on Tue, 09/30/2014 - 10:45pm.READ MORE:
A local charter school group's submission of records to state regulators omits a significant portion of the required information.
Full story... » FIRST ON 3: Baker Mitchell's Douglass Academy in violation of state charter school law; Could lose charterSubmitted by WWAY on Wed, 03/05/2014 - 10:59am.READ MORE:
We have uncovered a letter from the North Carolina Department of Public Instruction that states that Downtown Wilmington charter school Douglass Academy is currently under Governance Cautionary Status with the state and could face losing its charter.
Full story... » NC reports progress on high school graduation rateSubmitted by WWAY on Thu, 08/08/2013 - 11:57am.READ MORE:
North Carolina's high school graduation rate is showing more improvement, with more than eight out of 10 earning a diploma in four years.
Full story... » |


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Caroline's Live Scoring Thread 12
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Mar 14th, 2014, 05:51 AM
Senior Member
Join Date: Jan 2007
Posts: 34,068
Re: Caroline's Live Scoring Thread 12
Originally Posted by
Is there any top golfer, who has a wife / girlfriend, who has a career of her own? I think most golf WAGS are Stepford wife types, so there's probably your answer
Originally Posted by
Yeah, like Gary Player said, your wife's career can't be a distraction to your golf.
Why would Caro want to be with Rory if he wants a Stepford wife type?
Does Caro want to be a Stepford wife type?
The Babylon project was our last best hope for peace. A self-contained world five miles long, located in neutral territory. A place of commerce and diplomacy for a quarter of a million humans and aliens. A shining beacon in space, all alone in the night. It was the dawn of the third age of mankind, the year the great war came upon us all. This is the story of the last of the Babylon stations. The year is 2259, the name of the place is Babylon 5. (John Sheridan: Babylon 5: Season 2: The Coming of Shadows)
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Street Style Photos from Spring 2011 Milan Fashion Week: Giovanna Battaglia, Zanna Roberts Rassi, Anna Dello Russo Among Them
A Few Street Style Favorites From Milan Fashion Week
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A Few Street Style Favorites From Milan Fashion Week
Before we move on to Paris, a selection of our favorite street chic looks from Milan Fashion Week. Among them, Anna Dello Russo working a fringed mini; Lindsey Wixson in patent red; and Zanna Roberts Rassi perfecting the wide-legged trousers look.
Photos: Greg Kessler
Read More Zanna Roberts RassiIn The Looking GlassHolli RogersEmmanuelle Alt2011 Spring Milan Fashion Week2011 Milan Fashion WeekLindsey Wixson2011 Fashion Week2011 SpringJoan Smalls2011 Spring Fashion WeekAnna Dello RussoGiovanna BattagliaKarmen PedaruStreet StyleMilan Fashion Week
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Over a year ago I mentioned that the code that rsync needed in order to start using vanilla zlib was finally on its way to being merged. And today, we've finally built an rsync package that completes that saga.
2 thoughts on "rsync unbundles zlib!"
Next stop, world peace?!
Here's the link to the actual package:


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Last Updated: July 22, 2014 10:29am ET
New Silicon Valley Exec at DTZ
PALO ALTO, CA�Gabe Burke has joined as SVP in the Palo Alto office, coming from Colliers.
You can now be notified via email if this story is updated by clicking on the "Follow this Story" link. You must be a registered member to take advantage of this "members only" benefit.


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'Attack on Titan' Film Debuts Character Posters
The first images of the cast have arrived for the upcoming Japanese live-action movie based on the bestselling manga Attack on Titan.
The first images of the cast have arrived for the upcoming Japanese live-action movie based on the bestselling manga Attack on Titan.
DreamWorks Pictures has reportedly offered the Lucy star $10 million to play the lead in its adaptation of Masamune Shirow's cyberpunk manga.
Director Rupert Sanders and DreamWorks are in early talks with the actress to headline their adaptation of the influential cyberpunk manga.
Director Jaume Collet-Serra talks about his vision for Akira, creating more detailed characters and setting up a series of films.
DreamWorks has hired Snow White and the Huntsman director Rupert Sanders to adapt the Japanese manga and anime property Ghost In The Shell.
Josh Brolin stars as a man mysteriously set free after 20 years of solitary confinement, with little else but vengeance guiding him forward.
Director Jaume Collet-Serra is once again in talks with Warner Bros. to return to the stalled live-action adaptation of Akira, eyeing a spring 2014 production start.
With Comic-Con International in full swing, FilmDistrict has released a haunting new poster for director Spike Lee's remake of the revenge thriller Oldboy.
FilmDistrict has released a red-band trailer for Oldboy, director Spike Lee's remake of Park Chan-wook's South Korean revenge thriller. The film, which opens Oct. 25, stars Josh Brolin, Elizabeth Olsen, Sharlto Copley and Samuel L. Jackson.
Filmmaker James Cameron says he'll begin work on his long-promised adaptation of Battle Angel Alita in 2017, once he's completed the two announced Avatar sequels.
Ahead of the debut of the first trailer on Wednesday, FilmDistrict has released a poster for Spike Lee's remake of the South Korean revenge thriller , starring Josh Brolin and Elizabeth Olsen.
While many comic-book fans were dismayed by the controversial ending of director Zack Snyder's Man of Steel, it turn turns out they're not alone: Producer Christopher Nolan initially balked at the scene. Warning: Spoilers!


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Monday, October 10, 2011 - 6:12am
Do actor's political leanings play role in whether you watch?
Tyler — Do political leanings of any certain actor determine whether or not you pay to see them perform?
East Texans talk-back on this question with our news partner: KTBB and host Garth Maier.


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tional center. Such mechanisms have been used to effectively coordinate action to identify information gaps, facilitate research, collect data, and catalyze work on other critical issues. An effort to establish a governmental entity to act as a coordinating body will likely require support from the administration or Congress. Nonetheless, the committee believes that consolidating and focusing indoor environmental health efforts may generate efficiencies that make it worthy of consideration and that any efforts that support collaboration in the pursuit of healthy indoor environments will produce societal benefits.
The United States is in the midst of a large experiment of its own making in which weatherization efforts, energy-efficiency retrofits, and other initiatives that affect the characteristics of interaction between indoor and outdoor environments are taking place and new building materials and consumer products are being introduced indoors with little consideration of how they might affect the health of occupants. Experience provides a strong basis to expect that some of the effects will be adverse, a few profoundly so. An upfront investment in considering the consequences of these actions before they play out and thereby avoiding problems that can be anticipated would yield benefits in health and in avoiding costs of medical care, remediation, and lost productivity.
CCHHG (Interagency Crosscutting Group on Climate Change and Human Health). 2011. Interagency Crosscutting Group on Climate Change and Human Health. http://www.globalchange.gov/what-we-do/climate-change-health (accessed February 27, 2011).
Fisk WJ, Rosenfeld AH. 1997. Estimates of improved productivity and health from better indoor environments. Indoor Air 7:158-172.
IOM (Institute of Medicine). 1988. The future of public health. Washington, DC: National Academy Press.
IOM. 2004. Damp indoor spaces and health. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
NRC (National Research Council). 2010a. Advancing the science of climate change. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
NRC. 2010b. Informing an effective response to climate change. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.


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Be jealous. I just got a 2 tap-kegerator and all this: Includes all hoses and fittings, 1 American Tap, 1 Guinness Tap, 1 European Tap, and 2 sets of Ball Lock In&Out Taps, 1 CO2 regulator and 1 up to date CO2 tank. Also includes 1 full size keg shell, and 2 Cornelius Ball Lock Kegs for $250 bucks!!! WOOO!!!
"And if you're drinkin well you know that you're my friend and I'll say, I think I'll have myself a beer." - Reel Big Fish
That kicks A$$! Craigslist has been good to me also. I watched it for about a month and got a very similar set up for the same price. I went to my LHBS and did a quick pricing and figured i got into kegging about $500-600 cheaper not including the fridge! So i totally feel your excitement, enjoy kegging, its 10x better. And if you still want to bottle search for BeirMunchers "we don't need no stinking beer guns" post, i just discovered it this morning and am planning on making one this week. I have wanted to get a beer gun but they cost $$$. Anyways great find!
Here it is!
Damn. Score!
WOW!! That is an awesome score!
Jealous that your SWMBO let you pick up one with the fake wood. I've seen a bunch at good prices but the wife is too darn picky and demands stainless.
Good score.... Looks like your guard dog is doing his job too....Protecting the beer...
Primary 1: IPA Primary 2: Dubbel Primary 3:
Did the sticker come on it? If not where did you get it? Nice score, congrats.
Courage les garçons, et patience, vos femmes vont finir par apprécier la bière !
Yeah SWMBO has already suggested that I paint it black or something. lol Said something about fake wood being "tacky." Also, my dog gets those creepy green eyes whenever someone wastes beer at my house... I applied the sticker myself to give it more character. I got it from Austin Homebrew Supply!


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Art School V233
860.768.4742 EducationM.A.T. - Harvard University |
Rhea Higgins has been teaching European Art History since 1986, first at Wesleyan University, at Hartford College for Women and now at the University of Hartford. Her specialty has been 19th c Europe with an emphasis on French art: Neo-classicism to Post-Impressionism. She has given papers on the Art of the French Revolution for the Humanities Council of Connecticut and was awarded "Teacher of the Year" at Hartford College for Women in 1992. She also teaches the art of Ancient Greece and Rome. |


text: We are very pleased with the tour was organized by this company! We spent the whole day on a modern, clean catamaran headed with a wonderful team and a captain who speaks English. For this day we visited different islands, for example, the island of iguanas, snorkeled, saw the corals (not like in the red sea, but also nice), breathtaking... More


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Thus far, the consensus seems to be split around even, with Ichigo leading slightly. Some people are saying Ichigo would blitz Zoro with his speed, while others are saying that Zoro has proven himself to be hypersonic by dodging Kuma's air pressure. Personally, I think that Zoro would be kind of hard pressed to hit Bankai Ichigo.
It seems the debates are not about whether or not Zoro could tank Ichigo's attacks so much as whether or not he could hit Ichigo before he took enough cumulative damage to be unable to continue. Ichigo's speed seems to be the deciding factor. While Zoro may not be as fast, his AoE attacks like the Tatsu Maki ought to be able to offer him fairly good defense and offense against Ichigo's speed onslaught. In my opinion, anyway.


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WDC students selected as Academics, Arts and Athletics Award nominees
Mary McGrane and Dane Hoffman, Wadena-Deer Creek High School seniors, have been selected to represent Region 6A in the Academics, Arts and Athletics Award program.
Are you a newspaper subscriber but you don't have a Digital Access account yet? https://secure.forumcomm.com/?publisher_ID=40&event=subscriber/lookup.
You will need your subscription account number and phone number. Not sure if you have an account? Email us at email@example.com and we can help you.


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Narrow Results
Kota Kinabalu Wildlife Watching AttractionsHere are the top Kota Kinabalu wildlife watching listings so you can find the best in Kota Kinabalu for your trip. Read these wildlife watching reviews written by real travelers. You can narrow these results using the filters to the left.
ADD TO LIST (2 reviews) Kota Kinabalu, Sabah Region, Malaysia Minutes out of Kota Kinabalu City rests the quiet of KKCBS where anyone can retreat easily into the serenity of nature. Hides allow visitors have intimate encounters.. ADD TO LIST (15 reviews) Kota Kinabalu, Sabah Region, Malaysia KK is the first stop off point for your Sabah adventures. In town the best things to do are the Green connection and Tunku Abdul Rahman park. Day trips try Poring hot.. ADD TO LIST (2 reviews) Kota Kinabalu, Sabah Region, Malaysia The Green Connection is an aquarium and discovery centre with a strong conservation theme. Very good tourist activity for families and children, there are things to.. 4. Kundasang ADD TO LIST (0 reviews) Ranau, Sabah Region, Malaysia Cheap accomodation close to Mount Kinabalu park. good market ADD TO LIST (2 reviews) Kampong Paring, Sabah Region, Malaysia About 40 KM away from One of Malaysia's World Heritage Site, Kinabalu Park which covers an area of 754sq.km and possesses the highest mountain in South East Asia... ADD TO LIST (14 reviews) Sandakan, Sabah Region, Malaysia The Sepilok Orang-Utan Rehabilitation Centre is one of four Orang-Utan sanctuaries worldwide. Established in 1964, the centre covers an area 43 square kilometres in.. ADD TO LIST (1 reviews) Sepilok, Sabah Region, Malaysia great place for watching last wild urangutans in natural surrounding and its rehab precedures 8. Sepiloc ADD TO LIST (1 reviews) Sandakan, Sabah Region, Malaysia Not so match to see in sandakan, the market, a cinese temple, the harbour full off cutted expensive wood in the sea. but there is Sepiloc with the orang outang.. ADD TO LIST (0 reviews) Sarawak Region, Malaysia One of the most heavily promoted parks on Sarawak, Gunung Mulu National Park is justifiably popular. It is a UNESCO World Heritage site featuring incredible karst.. ADD TO LIST (4 reviews) Miri, Sarawak Region, Malaysia An amazing national park in Borneo, accessible by plane or boat only. It has some of the world's largest caves - one cave has 3 million bats living in it, and another.. |


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Well, I have been out looking for quite a while now. I have been looking for a new "range" gun/ home security gun. Probably not a gun that I will be carrying all of the time. I had narrowed my search down to a 9mm. I didnt have one and since I would be taking it the range alot I wanted some cheaper ammo.
I decided on the Taurus PT92. I have yet to shoot it but I got it on a screaming deal at my local gun store.
So far, I am impressed and I like how the gun feels. Nice and heavy. I should be taking it to the range this week.


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THINK Together's mission is to create opportunities for all kids to discover their passions and reach their full potential. Since its inception in 1994, THINK (Teaching, Helping, Inspiring and Nurturing Kids) Together has been committed to improving academic outcomes for children and youth living in under-resourced communities.
Our programs began in response to a plea from a gang-ridden neighborhood in West Costa Mesa to provide a safe place for children to do their homework after school. From those humble beginnings, our organization has grown into one of the nation's largest non-profit providers of extended learning time programs, serving more than 100,000 youth at over 400 locations in Los Angeles, Orange, Riverside, Sacramento, San Bernardino and in the Bay Area, in partnership with a wide variety of public and private agencies, including over 30 school districts.
Throughout our remarkable expansion, we still believe that education is the single most important factor in helping young people to achieve their full potential. Our programs have demonstrated, through independent evaluation, that students who regularly participate in our academically oriented activities reach proficient levels in English/Language Arts (ELA) and Mathematics at a rate nearly double that of their peers. Our curriculum has been designed by experienced educators to align with and reinforce the critical content standards by which academic achievement is measured. Our educational expertise is complemented by experienced business professionals with the knowledge and skills required to scale and sustain our programs statewide.


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Olympics Research Guide - Databases, Books & Web Links
Nothing brings countries together like the Olympics. Worldwide, everyone cheers together! Celebrate by catching up on the Olympic tradition with books on the history of the Games. Use the Library's databases to discover more about your favorite athlete or the history of a sport. Check local TV listings to find when your favorite Olympians will compete.
Can't find a database? Try the alphabetical listing!
Ancient Olympics
What were the Ancient Olympics like? Test your knowledge of a time long ago.
NBC Olympics
Official televised host of the Olympics. Find sport air times, keep up with medal winners, etc.
Official website of the Olympic Movement.
Rio 2016
Are you ready for Rio? Start early and check out the planning for the upcoming Summer Olympics.
Rio Trivia
Do you know the details of what is going on in Rio to make the Olympic stage ready? Check it all out here!
Torch Route
Follow the route until the torch is lit in Sochi. Discover just who the torchbearers are.


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Please scroll all the way to the bottom and accept.
Chuck Taylor Feather Yth/Jr
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Ahhh, sunny skies, sandy beaches - talk about a good time. These sneakers are like a day on the beach, except for your feet. We decorated our classic Chuck Taylor sneakers in a Polynesian theme. You get the classic elements of our Chucks including our white vulcanized rubber soles, canvas uppers, and All Star logo. However, we've paired these classics with a new design, the bright leaves offset against the canvas background with laces to match. The perfect sneaker for a party. Or a nap. Or both.


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Men and women anticipate the arrival of warmer weather in the same way children look forward to Christmas morning. With a snowier-than-usual winter and chilly start to the spring in many regions, summertime sun and heat might be more coveted than ever before.
While many individuals have been counting down the days until 85-degree weather, pets may not have been sharing the same enthusiasm. The hot weather can bring discomfort to our four-legged friends.
It's widely known that keeping a dog chained up outdoors in the sun and heat is cruel, as is keeping him locked in a car while running errands. However, there are many other factors that come into play regarding keeping pets cool and comfortable when the mercury rises.
Unlike humans, pets cannot simply shed layers of clothes to cool down. Nor do they have the communication skills to tell people to turn up the air conditioning. It's up to pet parents to be in tune with their pets' needs and provide what they require. In order to keep pets content when the weather is warm, consider these suggestions.
* Cool down. Have a source of water for pets to use to cool down. This may be a retired baby pool, a misting hose, even a damp towel that can be used to rub over a pet's coat. Be sure this water source doesn't pose a drowning threat (i.e., don't leave a pool of water around young children or puppies).
* Offer shade.The shade can reduce temperatures by several degrees. When spending considerable time outdoors, have a shady spot to which both people and pets can retire. If a pet is an outside animal, be sure there is a covered area that will offer generous shade.
* Provide cold water to drink. Pets can become dehydrated and suffer from heatstroke just like humans can. Some animals will avoid a bowl of water if it has heated from being outside. Be sure to regularly refresh water bowls so that animals have cool, refreshing water to drink.
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What does WDGF mean in NASDAQ Symbols?
This page is about the meanings of the acronym/abbreviation/shorthand WDGF in the Business field in general and in the NASDAQ Symbols terminology in particular.
Find a translation for WDGF in other languages:
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Hey Sally ………."How's that hobbled horse lookin' now!?" $300k to write/publish articles written by others! Can't blame the foundation for wanting their dough back! What a loser ……..
Gubernatorial candidate Scott McInnis faced new allegations of plagiarism today, a day after the Republican apologized for lifting part of a judge's work for a series of essays he passed off as his own.
The Denver Post is reporting today that parts of a newspaper column McInnis wrote in 1994 and a subsequent speech he made resembled a column that appeared six weeks earlier in The Washington Post.
The earlier column was written by Richard V. Allen, a former national security adviser, and Daryl Plunk of the Heritage Foundation.
McInnis spokesman Sean Duffy declined to comment to The Denver Post, saying he hadn't had enough time to look into the matter.
A call by The Associated Press to McInnis' campaign office early Wednesday wasn't immediately returned.
McInnis, a Republican, apologized Tuesday for lifting part of the judge's work for a series of essays on water rights.
Whole sections of McInnis' "Musings On Water" about the history of Colorado water rights were identical to a 1984 piece written by Colorado Supreme Court Justice Gregory Hobbs. McInnis' essays were accompanied by a 2005 letter stating the essays were original.
"It's unacceptable, it's inexcusable, but it was also unintentional," McInnis said in a statement. "I made a mistake."
McInnis blamed a research assistant, Rolly Fischer. Fischer told the Glenwood Springs Post Independent that "Scott's responsible for it." Fischer would not comment further.
The new questions centered on a column McInnis wrote for the now-closed Rocky Mountain News in Denver when McInnis was a Colorado congressman.
The Denver Post reported that the column and a speech McInnis made later on the floor of the House included at least three passages that used some of the same words Allen and Plunk used in their earlier piece for The Washington Post.
Allen and Plunk's piece was published Nov. 9, 1994. McInnis' was published Dec. 21, 1994, and he made the speech on Jan. 25, 1995.
In one passage, Allen and Plunk wrote, "There is a growing popular belief in South Korea that the North has outmaneuvered Washington and marginalized the South's role."
McInnis column said, "There is growing South Korean sentiment that North Korea has outmaneuvered Washington and marginalized the South's input into this issue."
In his speech, McInnis said, "There is growing popular South Korean sentiment that North Korea has outmaneuvered Washington and marginalized the South's input into this issue."
Hey Sally ………."How's that hobbled horse lookin' now!?" $300k to write/publish articles written by others! Can't blame the foundation for wanting their dough back! What a loser ……..
Here we go again, looking for the "perfect politician", and we all know we will never find him or her because there isn't one, or for that matter a perfect human being. So who are we going to vote for? Probably the person the media picks on the least?
Another crook heading to DC elected by the mal-informed.


text: TOP 10 Top 10 Fitness Top 10: Tips For Keeping Your Beach Body Back to Top ▲ Top 10: Tips For Keeping Your Beach Body 7 Utilize one-week focused training blocks Share on Facebook Share on Twitter 0 Shares iStockphoto.com Block periodization is a concept popularized by Vladimir Issurin, a consultant to the Israeli and Soviet Olympic programs. The idea is to take a specific goal and focus a training block toward improving that aspect of your physical makeup. Using highly focused short-duration training cycles (sometimes as short as one week) will help you maintain training levels, while minimizing the likelihood of overtraining that can result from attempting to achieve too many goals in one training program. Altering your training goals also lends itself to rotating your macronutrient/diet needs, which will help prevent your body from becoming overly habituated to a single way of eating. Next Page TOP 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Comments Show Comments More Like This Promoted Around the Web Special Features


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Camps at the YMCA share one thing: they're about discovery. Kids have the opportunity to explore, find new talents, try new activities, gain independence, and make lasting friendships and memories—and they're fun too!
YMCA camp has a way of transforming kids. It takes a child away from their normal routine and creates a safe environment for them to overcome challenges. With the outdoors as a backdrop, staff design activities to teach life lessons, like persistence in completing a difficult task, creativity when solving problems, and working together as a group to achieve a goal. Each camp experience nurtures character development through our core values: Caring, Honesty, Respect and Responsibility.
Our camp programs offer youth opportunities to experience camping through both overnight and day camps. Y camps are not just for summer. Year-round opportunities exist at many of our membership centers and resident camps.
If you have questions about which camp is right for your child, visit our page on how to select a camp.
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Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: http://hdl.handle.net/1928/12034
Title: | Optimal Land Use for Watershed Management—a Case Study in the Feitsui Watershed |
Author: | Chang, Chi-Hsin |
Advisor(s): | Chermak, Janie Thacher, Jennifer |
Committee Member(s): | Grimsrud, Kristine |
Department: | University of New Mexico. Dept. of Economics |
Subject: | framland allocation externality watershed amenity value |
LC Subject(s): | Watershed management--Economic aspects--Taiwan Land use--Economic aspects--Taiwan Agriculture--Economic aspects--Taiwan |
Degree Level: | Masters |
Abstract: | Watershed management has always been a crucial issue, especially in developing regions where watershed residents are comprised of low-income farmers. The Feitsui Watershed in Taiwan is one such agricultural watershed. Traditionally, the watershed management policy targets only pollution abatement, therefore constraining agricultural and other economic development. These regulatory measures are likely to hamper the local economy and worsen the living situation for farmers. In this paper, I argue that good watershed management should also consider the positive externalities from agriculture. I find that the willingness to pay for farmland amenity is above the profit of agricultural output. Ignoring this amenity value could result in an inappropriate watershed resource allocation. For the best land allocation of the Feitsui Watershed, I argue that the public good nature of land should not be overlooked; all the externalities along with the land development should be identified and carefully considered. This study applies McConnell's (1989) model, comparing the net marginal return between agriculture and watershed conservation, taking into account both negative and positive agricultural externalities. The empirical results suggest that ignoring positive externality values from agriculture will negatively impact the social welfare of the society. The current zoning policy is not an efficient land allocation. The allotment of agriculture land in the Feitsui Watershed should be increased to seven percent of the total area. |
Graduation Date: | December 2010 |
URI: | http://hdl.handle.net/1928/12034 |
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Chang_Chi-Hsin1.pdf | 444.4Kb |
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