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Office of Scientific and Technical Information
An Improved Nuclear Vector Replacement Algorithm for Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Assignment
E-Print Network (OSTI)
An Improved Nuclear Vector Replacement Algorithm for Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Assignment to the Nuclear Vector Replacement (NVR) algorithm [24] for high-throughput Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR% accu- racy) on the same test suite examined in [24], and runs in O(n5/2 log (cn)) time where n
Tracking Vector Magnetograms with the Magnetic Induction Equation
The differential affine velocity estimator (DAVE) developed in Schuck (2006) for estimating velocities from line-of-sight magnetograms is modified to directly incorporate horizontal magnetic fields to produce a differential affine velocity estimator for vector magnetograms (DAVE4VM). The DAVE4VM's performance is demonstrated on the synthetic data from the anelastic pseudospectral ANMHD simulations that were used in the recent comparison of velocity inversion techniques by Welsch (2007). The DAVE4VM predicts roughly 95% of the helicity rate and 75% of the power transmitted through the simulation slice. Inter-comparison between DAVE4VM and DAVE and further analysis of the DAVE method demonstrates that line-of-sight tracking methods capture the shearing motion of magnetic footpoints but are insensitive to flux emergence -- the velocities determined from line-of-sight methods are more consistent with horizontal plasma velocities than with flux transport velocities. These results suggest that previous studies that rely on velocities determined from line-of-sight methods such as the DAVE or local correlation tracking may substantially misrepresent the total helicity rates and power through the photosphere.
P. W. Schuck
NLE Websites -- All DOE Office Websites (Extended Search)
Vectors in Particle Physics Vectors in Particle Physics Conservation Laws - Data Analysis Using Graphs - Histograms - Units or Vectors in Particle Physics Naming and Defining Adding Graphically Adding Algebraically Multiplying - Dot Product Multiplying - Cross Product Naming and Defining Vectors have: Length Direction velocity: 30 m/s southeast momentum: 5 kg m/s 30oE of N displacement: 8 m east Scalars are just numerical; they have no direction. mass: 4 kg kinetic energy: 27 Joules time: 15 s Is force a scalar or a vector? Is age a scalar or a vector? You show a vector by bold font or an arrow over its symbol. You can name a vector by its length and direction: a. 3 km, southeast. b. 5 mi/hr at 50o east of north. Or, you can name a vector by the x- and y-coordinates of its endpoints, if
Geek-Up[10.01.10] -- Mapping Bioenergy and Magnetic Vector Potential, New
Energy.gov (U.S. Department of Energy (DOE)) Indexed Site
0.01.10] -- Mapping Bioenergy and Magnetic Vector 0.01.10] -- Mapping Bioenergy and Magnetic Vector Potential, New Atmosphere-Monitoring Tools and "Sour" Gas Streams Geek-Up[10.01.10] -- Mapping Bioenergy and Magnetic Vector Potential, New Atmosphere-Monitoring Tools and "Sour" Gas Streams October 1, 2010 - 3:33pm Addthis Elizabeth Meckes Elizabeth Meckes Director of User Experience & Digital Technologies, Office of Public Affairs This week, the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) announced the launch of an online portal for energy geeks and "cartophiles" alike. NREL's BioEnergy Atlas encompasses two analysis and mapping tools - BioPower and BioFuels. These tools can summarize state-by-state energy use and infrastructure for traditional and bioenery power, fuels and resources
Fuzzy logic - genetic algorithm method to evaluate the magnetic vector potential
Science Conference Proceedings (OSTI)
The paper presents a Fuzzy Logic - Genetic Algorithm combined method to scale the Magnetic Vector Potential from a given data set of case geometries, to any other constructive geometry, for an electromagnetic interference problem between a high voltage ... Keywords: electromagnetic interference, fuzzy logic, genetic algorithm, pipeline, power line
I. Czumbil; D. D. Micu; A. Ceclan; D. Ste?; D. O. Micu
A Quick Efficiency-Optimized Scheme for Vector Controlled Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Drive
In view of the operation characters of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) for hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) application, efficiency optimization control strategy is needed to meet the demand of rapidity. A quick efficiency optimized vector control ... Keywords: PMSM, efficiency optimization, HEV, gradient search technique, golden section technique
Xianqing Cao; Liping Fan
Preprocessing of Hinode/SOT vector magnetograms for nonlinear force-free coronal magnetic field modelling
The solar magnetic field is key to understanding the physical processes in the solar atmosphere. Nonlinear force-free codes have been shown to be useful in extrapolating the coronal field from underlying vector boundary data [see Schrijver et al. 2006 for an overview]. However, we can only measure the magnetic field vector routinely with high accuracy in the photosphere with, e.g., Hinode/SOT, and unfortunately these data do not fulfill the force-free consistency condition as defined by Aly (1989). We must therefore apply some transformations to these data before nonlinear force-free extrapolation codes can be legitimately applied. To this end, we have developed a minimization procedure that uses the measured photospheric field vectors as input to approximate a more chromospheric like field The method was dubbed preprocessing. See Wiegelmann et al. 2006 for details]. The procedure includes force-free consistency integrals and spatial smoothing. The method has been intensively tested with model active regions [see Metcalf et al. 2008] and been applied to several ground based vector magnetogram data before. Here we apply the preprocessing program to photospheric magnetic field measurements with the Hinode/SOT instrument.
T. Wiegelmann; J. K. Thalmann; C. J. Schrijver; M. L. DeRosa; T. R. Metcalf
Recent observations have provided evidence that the solar photospheric magnetic fields could have rapid and permanent changes in both longitudinal and transverse components associated with major flares. As a result, the Lorentz force (LF) acting on the solar photosphere and solar interior could be perturbed, and the change of LF is always nearly in the downward direction. However, these rapid and permanent changes have not been systematically investigated, yet, using vector magnetograms. In this paper, we analyze photospheric vector magnetograms covering five flares to study the evolution of photospheric magnetic fields. In particular, we investigate two-dimensional spatial distributions of the changing LF. Around the major flaring polarity inversion line, the net change of the LF is directed downward in an area of {approx}10{sup 19} cm{sup 2} for X-class flares. For all events, the white-light observations show that sunspots darken in this location after flares, and magnetic fields become more inclined, which is consistent with the ideas put forward by Hudson et al. and Fisher et al., and observations.
Su, J. T.; Jing, J.; Wang, H. M. [Space Weather Research Laboratory, New Jersey Institute of Technology, University Heights, Newark, NJ 07102-1982 (United States); Mao, X. J.; Wang, X. F.; Zhang, H. Q.; Deng, Y. Y.; Guo, J.; Wang, G. P., E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com [Key Laboratory of Solar Activity, National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100012 (China)
Photospheric magnetic vector maps from two different instruments are used to model the nonlinear force-free coronal magnetic field above an active region. We use vector maps inferred from polarization measurements of the Solar Dynamics Observatory/Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager (HMI) and the Solar Optical Telescope's Spectropolarimeter (SP) on board Hinode. Besides basing our model calculations on HMI data, we use both SP data of original resolution and scaled down to the resolution of HMI. This allows us to compare the model results based on data from different instruments and to investigate how a binning of high-resolution data affects the model outcome. The resulting three-dimensional magnetic fields are compared in terms of magnetic energy content and magnetic topology. We find stronger magnetic fields in the SP data, translating into a higher total magnetic energy of the SP models. The net Lorentz forces of the HMI and SP lower boundaries verify their force-free compatibility. We find substantial differences in the absolute estimates of the magnetic field energy but similar relative estimates, e.g., the fraction of excess energy and of the flux shared by distinct areas. The location and extension of neighboring connectivity domains differ and the SP model fields tend to be higher and more vertical. Hence, conclusions about the magnetic connectivity based on force-free field models are to be drawn with caution. We find that the deviations of the model solution when based on the lower-resolution SP data are small compared to the differences of the solutions based on data from different instruments.
Thalmann, J. K.; Tiwari, S. K.; Wiegelmann, T., E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com [Max-Plank-Institut fuer Sonnensystemforschung, Max-Planck-Str. 2, D-37191 Katlenburg-Lindau (Germany)
SciTech Connect
We analyze the spatial and temporal variations of the abrupt photospheric magnetic changes associated with six major flares using 12 minute, 0.''5 pixel{sup -1} vector magnetograms from NASA's Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager instrument on the Solar Dynamics Observatory satellite. The six major flares occurred near the main magnetic neutral lines of four active regions, NOAA 11158, 11166, 11283, and 11429. During all six flares the neutral-line field vectors became stronger and more horizontal, in each case almost entirely due to strengthening of the horizontal field components parallel to the neutral line. In all six cases the neutral-line pre-flare fields were more vertical than the reference potential fields, and collapsed abruptly and permanently closer to potential-field tilt angles during every flare, implying that the relaxation of magnetic stress associated with non-potential tilt angles plays a major role during major flares. The shear angle with respect to the reference potential field did not show such a pattern, demonstrating that flare processes do not generally relieve magnetic stresses associated with photospheric magnetic shear. The horizontal fields became significantly and permanently more aligned with the neutral line during the four largest flares, suggesting that the collapsing field is on average more aligned with the neutral line than the pre-flare neutral-line field. The vertical Lorentz force had a large, abrupt, permanent downward change during each of the flares, consistent with loop collapse. The horizontal Lorentz force changes acted mostly parallel to the neutral line in opposite directions on each side, a signature of the fields contracting during the flare, pulling the two sides of the neutral line toward each other. The greater effect of the flares on field tilt than on shear may be explained by photospheric line-tying.
Petrie, G. J. D. [National Solar Observatory, 950 North Cherry Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85719 (United States)
Mechanical design and analysis of an eight-pole superconducting vector magnet for soft x-ray magnetic dichroism measurements
An eight-pole superconducting magnet is being developed for soft x-ray magnetic dichroism (XMD) experiments at the Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkley National Laboratory (LBNL). Eight conical Nb{sub 3}Sn coils with Holmium poles are arranged in octahedral symmetry to form four dipole pairs that provide magnetic fields of up to 5 T in any direction relative to the incoming x-ray beam. The dimensions of the magnet yoke as well as pole taper, diameter, and length were optimized for maximum peak field in the magnet center using the software package TOSCA. The structural analysis of the magnet is performed using ANSYS with the coil properties derived using a numerical homogenization scheme. It is found that the use of orthotropic material properties for the coil has an important influence in the design of the magnet.
Arbelaez, D.; Black, A.; Prestemon, S.O.; Wang, S.; Chen, J.; Arenholz, E.
Energy Levels and Wave Functions of Vector Bosons in Homogeneous Magnetic Field
We aimed to obtain the energy levels of spin-1 particles moving in a constant magnetic field. The method used here is completely algebraic. In the process to obtain the energy levels the wave function is choosen in terms of Laguerre Polynomials.
K. Sogut; A. Havare; I. Acikgoz
Dictionary on Lie Superalgebras
The main definitions and properties of Lie superalgebras are proposed a la facon de a short dictionary, the different items following the alphabetical order. The main topics deal with the structure of simple Lie superalgebras and their finite dimensional representations; rather naturally, a few pages are devoted to supersymmetry. This modest booklet has two ambitious goals: to be elementary and easy to use. The beginner is supposed to find out here the main concepts on superalgebras, while a more experimented theorist should recognize the necessary tools and informations for a specific use.
L. Frappat; A. Sciarrino; P. Sorba
Determination of electric field, magnetic field, and electric current distributions of infrared optical antennas: A nano-optical vector network analyzer
In addition to the electric field E(r), the associated magnetic field H(r) and current density J(r) characterize any electromagnetic device, providing insight into antenna coupling and mutual impedance. We demonstrate the optical analogue of the radio frequency vector network analyzer implemented in interferometric homodyne scattering-type scanning near-field optical microscopy (s-SNOM) for obtaining E(r), H(r), and J(r). The approach is generally applicable and demonstrated for the case of a linear coupled-dipole antenna in the mid-infrared. The determination of the underlying 3D vector electric near-field distribution E(r) with nanometer spatial resolution and full phase and amplitude information is enabled by the design of probe tips with selectivity with respect to E-parallel and E-perpendicular fabricated by focused ion-beam milling and nano-CVD.
Olmon, Robert L; Krenz, Peter M; Lail, Brian A; Saraf, Laxmikant V; Boreman, Glenn D; Raschke, Markus B
Lied Transplant Center
The Department of Energy has prepared an Environmental Assessment (DOE/EA-1143) evaluating the construction, equipping and operation of the proposed Lied Transplant Center at the University of Nebraska Medical Center in Omaha, Nebraska. Based on the analysis in the EA, the DOE has determined that the proposed action does not constitute a major federal action significantly affecting the quality of the human environment within the meaning of the National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 (NEPA). Therefore, the preparation of an Environmental Statement in not required.
`Mixed' Jordan-Lie Superalgebra
An algebra A not encountered in either the usual algebraic varieties or supervarieties is introduced. A is a graded and deformed version of the quaternions, with structure similar to that of a Jordan-Lie superalgebra as defined by Okubo and Kamiya, but it is shown to be neither that of a purely associative Lie superalgebra, nor that of a purely antiassociative Jordan-Lie superalgebra. Rather, it exhibits a novel kind of associativity, here called `ordered graded associativity', that is somewhat `in between' pure associativity and pure antiassociativity. In addition to graded associativity, the generators of A obey graded commutation relations encountered in both the usual Lie superalgebras and in graded Jordan-Lie algebras. They also satisfy new graded Jacobi identities that combine characteristics of the Jacobis obeyed by the generators of ungraded Lie, graded Lie and graded Jordan-Lie algebras. Mainly due to these three features, A is called a `mixed' Jordan-Lie superalgebra. The present paper defines A and compares it with the Jordan-Lie superalgebra defined by Okubo and Kamiya.
Ioannis Raptis
Vector potential photoelectron microscopy
A new class of electron microscope has been developed for the chemical microanalysis of a wide range of real world samples using photoelectron spectroscopy. Highly structured, three-dimensional samples, such as fiber mats and fracture surfaces can be imaged, as well as insulators and magnetic materials. The new microscope uses the vector potential field from a solenoid magnet as a spatial reference for imaging. A prototype instrument has demonstrated imaging of uncoated silk, magnetic steel wool, and micron-sized single strand tungsten wires.
Browning, R. [R. Browning Consultants, 14 John Street, Shoreham, New York 11786 (United States)
Electrical networks and Lie theory
We introduce a new class of "electrical" Lie groups. These Lie groups, or more precisely their nonnegative parts, act on the space of planar electrical networks via combinatorial operations previously studied by Curtis-Ingerman-Morrow. The corresponding electrical Lie algebras are obtained by deforming the Serre relations of a semisimple Lie algebra in a way suggested by the star-triangle transformation of electrical networks. Rather surprisingly, we show that the type A electrical Lie group is isomorphic to the symplectic group. The nonnegative part (EL_{2n})_{\\geq 0} of the electrical Lie group is a rather precise analogue of the totally nonnegative subsemigroup (U_{n})_{\\geq 0} of the unipotent subgroup of SL_{n}. We establish decomposition and parametrization results for (EL_{2n})_{\\geq 0}, paralleling Lusztig's work in total nonnegativity, and work of Curtis-Ingerman-Morrow and de Verdi\\`{e}re-Gitler-Vertigan for networks. Finally, we suggest a generalization of electrical Lie algebras to all Dynkin type...
Lam, Thomas
Cloning vector
DOE Patents (OSTI)
A vector comprising a filamentous phage sequence containing a first copy of filamentous phage gene X and other sequences necessary for the phage to propagate is disclosed. The vector also contains a second copy of filamentous phage gene X downstream from a promoter capable of promoting transcription in a bacterial host. In a preferred form of the present invention, the filamentous phage is M13 and the vector additionally includes a restriction endonuclease site located in such a manner as to substantially inactivate the second gene X when a DNA sequence is inserted into the restriction site. 2 figures.
Guilfoyle, R.A.; Smith, L.M.
A vector comprising a filamentous phage sequence containing a first copy of filamentous phage gene X and other sequences necessary for the phage to propagate is disclosed. The vector also contains a second copy of filamentous phage gene X downstream from a promoter capable of promoting transcription in a bacterial host. In a preferred form of the present invention, the filamentous phage is M13 and the vector additionally includes a restriction endonuclease site located in such a manner as to substantially inactivate the second gene X when a DNA sequence is inserted into the restriction site.
Guilfoyle, Richard A. (Madison, WI); Smith, Lloyd M. (Madison, WI)
Convergence of Singular Vectors toward Lyapunov Vectors
The rate at which the leading singular vectors converge toward a single pattern for increasing optimization times is examined within the context of a T21 L3 quasigeostrophic model. As expected, the final-time backward singular vectors converge ...
Carolyn A. Reynolds; Ronald M. Errico
Conformal field theory on affine Lie groups
Working directly on affine Lie groups, we construct several new formulations of the WZW model, the gauged WZW model, and the generic affine-Virasoro action. In one formulation each of these conformal field theories (CFTs) is expressed as a one-dimensional mechanical system whose variables are coordinates on the affine Lie group. When written in terms of the affine group element, this formulation exhibits a two-dimensional WZW term. In another formulation each CFT is written as a two-dimensional field theory, with a three- dimensional WZW term, whose fields are coordinates on the affine group. On the basis of these equivalent formulations, we develop a translation dictionary in which the new formulations on the affine Lie group are understood as mode formulations of the conventional formulations on the Lie group. Using this dictionary, we also express each CFT as a three-dimensional field theory on the Lie group with a four-dimensional WZW term. 36 refs.
Clubok, K.S.
I I Painless Physics Articles BEAM COOLING August 2, 1996 By Leila Belkora, Office of Public Affairs ACCELERATION August 16, 1996 By Dave Finley, Accelerator Division Head RF August 30, 1996 By Pat Colestock, Accelerator Division FIXED TARGET PHYSICS September 20, 1996 By Peter H. Garbincius, Physics Section FIXED TARGET PHYSICS PART DEUX October 16, 1996 By Peter H. Garbincius, Physics Section and Leila Belkora, Office of Public Affaris CROSS SECTION November 1, 1996 By Doreen Wackeroth, Theoretical Physics Edited by Leila Belkora, Office of Public Affaris MAGNETS PART I November 15, 1996 By Hank Glass, Technical Support Section Edited by Donald Sena, Office of Public Affairs MAGNETS PART II January 10, 1997 By Hank Glass, Technical Support Section Edited by Donald Sena, Office of Public Affairs
Reduction of Lie--Jordan algebras: Quantum
In this paper we present a theory of reduction of quantum systems in the presence of symmetries and constraints. The language used is that of Lie--Jordan Banach algebras, which are discussed in some detail together with spectrum properties and the space of states. The reduced Lie--Jordan Banach algebra is characterized together with the Dirac states on the physical algebra of observables.
F. Falceto; L. Ferro; A. Ibort; G. Marmo
A nonlinear relativistic approach to mathematical representation of vacuum electromagnetism based on extended Lie derivative
This paper presents an alternative {\\it relativistic nonlinear} approach to the vacuum case of classical electrodynamics. Our view is based on the understanding that the corresponding differential equations should be dynamical in nature. So, they must represent local energy-momentum balance relations. Formally, the new equations are in terms of appropriately extended Lie derivative of $\\mathbb{R}^2$-valued differential 2-form along a $\\mathbb{R}^2$-valued 2-vector on Minkowski space-time.
Stoil Donev; Maria Tashkova
Donev, Stoil
Low-lying states of heavy nuclei within the nucleon pair approximation
In this article we perform systematic calculations on low-lying states of 33 nuclei with A=202-212, using the nucleon pair approximation of the shell model. We use a phenomenological shell-model Hamiltonian that includes single-particle energies, monopole and quadrupole pairing interactions, and quadrupole-quadrupole interactions. The building blocks of our model space include one J=4 valence neutron pair, and one J=4,6,8 valence proton pair, in addition to the usual S and D pairs. We calculate binding energies, excitation energies, electric quadrupole and magnetic dipole moments of low-lying states, and E2 transition rates between low-lying states. Our calculated results are reasonably consistent with available experimental data. The calculated quadrupole moments and magnetic moments, many of which have not yet been measured for these nuclei, are useful for future experimental measurements.
Xu, Z. Y.; Lei, Y. [Department of Physics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240 (China); Zhao, Y. M. [Department of Physics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240 (China); Center of Theoretical Nuclear Physics, National Laboratory of Heavy Ion Accelerator, Lanzhou 730000 (China); CCAST, World Laboratory, P.O. Box 8730, Beijing 100080 (China); Xu, S. W.; Xie, Y. X. [Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000 (China); Arima, A. [Department of Physics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240 (China); Science Museum, Japan Science Foundation, 2-1 Kitanomaru-koen, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-0091 (Japan)
Representations of some quantum tori Lie subalgebras
In this paper, we define the q-analog Virasoro-like Lie subalgebras in x{sub {infinity}}=a{sub {infinity}}(b{sub {infinity}}, c{sub {infinity}}, d{sub {infinity}}). The embedding formulas into x{sub {infinity}} are introduced. Irreducible highest weight representations of A(tilde sign){sub q}, B(tilde sign){sub q}, and C(tilde sign){sub q}-series of the q-analog Virasoro-like Lie algebras in terms of vertex operators are constructed. We also construct the polynomial representations of the A(tilde sign){sub q}, B(tilde sign){sub q}, C(tilde sign){sub q}, and D(tilde sign){sub q}-series of the q-analog Virasoro-like Lie algebras.
Jiang, Jingjing [College of Science, Civil Aviation University of China, Tianjin 300300 (China)] [College of Science, Civil Aviation University of China, Tianjin 300300 (China); Wang, Song [Department of Mathematics, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092 (China)] [Department of Mathematics, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092 (China)
Exceptional Lie algebras and M-theory
In this thesis we study algebraic structures in M-theory, in particular the exceptional Lie algebras arising in dimensional reduction of its low energy limit, eleven-dimensional supergravity. We focus on e8 and its infinite-dimensional extensions e9 and e10. We review the dynamical equivalence, up to truncations on both sides, between eleven-dimensional supergravity and a geodesic sigma model based on the coset E10/K(E10), where K(E10) is the maximal compact subgroup. The description of e10 as a graded Lie algebra is crucial for this equivalence. We study generalized Jordan triple systems, which are closely related to graded Lie algebras, and which may also play a role in the description of M2-branes using three-dimensional superconformal theories.
Jakob Palmkvist
Suppressed fuzzy-soft learning vector quantization for MRI segmentation
Objective: A self-organizing map (SOM) is a competitive artificial neural network with unsupervised learning. To increase the SOM learning effect, a fuzzy-soft learning vector quantization (FSLVQ) algorithm has been proposed in the literature, using ... Keywords: CPU time, Learning vector quantization, Magnetic resonance image segmentation, Mean squared error, Self-organizing map
Wen-Liang Hung; De-Hua Chen; Miin-Shen Yang
Index Sets and Vectorization
Vectorization is data parallelism (SIMD, SIMT, etc.) - extension of ISA enabling the same instruction to be performed on multiple data items simultaeously. Many/most CPUs support vectorization in some form. Vectorization is difficult to enable, but can yield large efficiency gains. Extra programmer effort is required because: (1) not all algorithms can be vectorized (regular algorithm structure and fine-grain parallelism must be used); (2) most CPUs have data alignment restrictions for load/store operations (obey or risk incorrect code); (3) special directives are often needed to enable vectorization; and (4) vector instructions are architecture-specific. Vectorization is the best way to optimize for power and performance due to reduced clock cycles. When data is organized properly, a vector load instruction (i.e. movaps) can replace 'normal' load instructions (i.e. movsd). Vector operations can potentially have a smaller footprint in the instruction cache when fewer instructions need to be executed. Hybrid index sets insulate users from architecture specific details. We have applied hybrid index sets to achieve optimal vectorization. We can extend this concept to handle other programming models.
Keasler, J A
Effects of tensor correlations on low-lying collective states in finite nuclei
We present a systematic analysis of the effects induced by tensor correlations on low-lying collective states of magic nuclei, by using the fully self-consistent random phase approximation (RPA) model with Skyrme interactions. The role of the tensor correlations is analyzed in detail in the case of quadrupole (2{sup +}) and octupole (3{sup -}) low-lying collective states in {sup 208}Pb. The example of {sup 40}Ca is also discussed, as well as the case of magnetic dipole states (1{sup +}).
Cao Ligang [Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Lanzhou 730000 (China); Center for Mathematics and Physics, University of Aizu, Aizu-Wakamatsu, Fukushima 965-8560 (Japan); Center of Theoretical Nuclear Physics, National Laboratory of Heavy Ion Accelerator of Lanzhou, Lanzhou 730000 (China); Sagawa, H. [Center for Mathematics and Physics, University of Aizu, Aizu-Wakamatsu, Fukushima 965-8560 (Japan); Colo, G. [Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 16, I-20133 Milano (Italy); Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Sez. di Milano, via Celoria 16, I-20133 Milano (Italy)
Vectorized Finite State Automata
We present a technique of finite state parsing based on vectorization and describe the application of this technique to a well-known problem of natural language processing, that of extracting relational information from English text. We define Vectorized Finite State Automata, the theoretical model behind the applied system, and discuss their significance.
Andr�s Kornai
Modeling DFIG Using General Vector Representation in the Presence of Harmonics
In this paper, a doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG) wind turbine is modeled by using the general vector representation of voltage, current and magnetic flux in the presence of harmonics. The general vector representation provides insights into how ... Keywords: wind turbine, harmonics, general vector form, DFIG
Ziqiao Liu, Ahmed Abu-Hajar, David Wenzhong Gao
Minimum Magnetic Energy Theorem
The Thomson's Theorem states that static charge distributions in conductors show up at the conducting surfaces in an equipotential configuration, so that the electrostatic energy is a minimum. In this work we study an analogue statement for magnetic systems: in a given set of conductors, the stored magnetic field energy reaches the minimum value for superficial current distributions so that the magnetic vector potential is tangent to the conductors surfaces. This is the counterpart of Thomson's theorem for the magnetic field.
Fiolhais, M C N
Reduction of Lie-Jordan algebras: Classical
In this paper we present a unified algebraic framework to discuss the reduction of classical and quantum systems. The underlying algebraic structure is a Lie-Jordan algebra supplemented, in the quantum case, with a Banach structure. We discuss the reduction by symmetries, by constraints as well as the possible, non trivial, combinations of both. We finally introduce a new, general framework to perform the reduction of physical systems in an algebraic setup.
Vector generator scan converter
High printing speeds for graphics data are achieved with a laser printer by transmitting compressed graphics data from a main processor over an I/O (input/output) channel to a vector generator scan converter which reconstructs a full graphics image for input to the laser printer through a raster data input port. The vector generator scan converter includes a microprocessor with associated microcode memory containing a microcode instruction set, a working memory for storing compressed data, vector generator hardward for drawing a full graphic image from vector parameters calculated by the microprocessor, image buffer memory for storing the reconstructed graphics image and an output scanner for reading the graphics image data and inputting the data to the printer. The vector generator scan converter eliminates the bottleneck created by the I/O channel for transmitting graphics data from the main processor to the laser printer, and increases printer speed up to thirty fold.
Moore, James M. (Livermore, CA); Leighton, James F. (Livermore, CA)
High printing speeds for graphics data are achieved with a laser printer by transmitting compressed graphics data from a main processor over an I/O channel to a vector generator scan converter which reconstructs a full graphics image for input to the laser printer through a raster data input port. The vector generator scan converter includes a microprocessor with associated microcode memory containing a microcode instruction set, a working memory for storing compressed data, vector generator hardware for drawing a full graphic image from vector parameters calculated by the microprocessor, image buffer memory for storing the reconstructed graphics image and an output scanner for reading the graphics image data and inputting the data to the printer. The vector generator scan converter eliminates the bottleneck created by the I/O channel for transmitting graphics data from the main processor to the laser printer, and increases printer speed up to thirty fold. 7 figs.
Moore, J.M.; Leighton, J.F.
X-Ray Imaging of the Dynamic Magnetic Vortex Core Deformation
X-Ray Imaging of the Dynamic X-Ray Imaging of the Dynamic Magnetic Vortex Core Deformation X-Ray Imaging of the Dynamic Magnetic Vortex Core Deformation Print Wednesday, 25 November 2009 00:00 Magnetic thin-film nanostructures can exhibit a magnetic vortex state in which the magnetization vectors lie in the film plane and curl around in a closed loop. At the very center of the vortex, a small, stable core exists where the magnetization points either up or down out of the plane. Three years ago, the discovery of an easy core reversal mechanism at the ALS not only made the possibility of using such systems as magnetic memories much more realistic, it also initiated investigation of the core switching mechanism itself. Now, a Belgian-German-ALS collaboration has used high-resolution, time-resolved, magnetic x-ray microscopy to experimentally reveal the first step of the reversal process: the dynamic deformation of the vortex core. The group also measured a critical vortex velocity above which reversal occurs. Both these observations provide the first experimental support for the postulated reversal mechanism.
X-Ray Imaging of the Dynamic Magnetic Vortex Core Deformation Print X-Ray Imaging of the Dynamic Magnetic Vortex Core Deformation Print Magnetic thin-film nanostructures can exhibit a magnetic vortex state in which the magnetization vectors lie in the film plane and curl around in a closed loop. At the very center of the vortex, a small, stable core exists where the magnetization points either up or down out of the plane. Three years ago, the discovery of an easy core reversal mechanism at the ALS not only made the possibility of using such systems as magnetic memories much more realistic, it also initiated investigation of the core switching mechanism itself. Now, a Belgian-German-ALS collaboration has used high-resolution, time-resolved, magnetic x-ray microscopy to experimentally reveal the first step of the reversal process: the dynamic deformation of the vortex core. The group also measured a critical vortex velocity above which reversal occurs. Both these observations provide the first experimental support for the postulated reversal mechanism.
Light Vector Mesons
This article reviews the current status of experimental results obtained in the measurement of light vector mesons produced in proton-proton and heavy ion collisions at different energies. The review is focused on two phenomena related to the light vector mesons; the modification of the spectral shape in search of Chiral symmetry restoration and suppression of the meson production in heavy ion collisions. The experimental results show that the spectral shape of light vector mesons are modified compared to the parameters measured in vacuum. The nature and the magnitude of the modification depends on the energy density of the media in which they are produced. The suppression patterns of light vector mesons are different from the measurements of other mesons and baryons. The mechanisms responsible for the suppression of the mesons are not yet understood. Systematic comparison of existing experimental results points to the missing data which may help to resolve the problem.
Alexander Milov
Scientific computations on modern parallel vector systems
Computational scientists have seen a frustrating trend of stagnating application performance despite dramatic increases in the claimed peak capability of high performance computing systems. This trend has been widely attributed to the use of superscalar-based commodity components who�s architectural designs offer a balance between memory performance, network capability, and execution rate that is poorly matched to the requirements of large-scale numerical computations. Recently, two innovative parallel-vector architectures have become operational: the Japanese Earth Simulator (ES) and the Cray X1. In order to quantify what these modern vector capabilities entail for the scientists that rely on modeling and simulation, it is critical to evaluate this architectural paradigm in the context of demanding computational algorithms. Our evaluation study examines four diverse scientific applications with the potential to run at ultrascale, from the areas of plasma physics, material science, astrophysics, and magnetic fusion. We compare performance between the vector-based ES and X1, with leading superscalar-based platforms: the IBM Power3/4 and the SGI Altix. Our research team was the first international group to conduct a performance evaluation study at the Earth Simulator Center; remote ES access in not available. Results demonstrate that the vector systems achieve excellent performance on our application suite � the highest of any architecture tested to date. However, vectorization of a particle-incell code highlights the potential difficulty of expressing irregularly structured algorithms as data-parallel programs. 1.
Leonid Oliker; Andrew Canning; Jonathan Carter; John Shalf; Stephane Ethier
kappa. vector measurements of VLF signals by the satellite EXOS-D
On board the EXOS-D (Akebono) satellite is a five channel PFX subsystem of VLF instruments, working to determine the wave normal of {kappa} vector and Poynting vector directions by measuring two components of E and three components of B fields using wire and loop antennas. In order to confirm the characteristics or capability of determining the {kappa} vector and the Poynting vector of a coherent VLF Omega signal transmitted from Australia have been analyzed. The observed Omega signal has been found to be right-handed polarized with Poynting vector is making a small angle with the geomagnetic field and lies nearly on the plane constructed by the geomagnetic field and {kappa} vector. The refractive index deduced from the E and B fields well agrees with that calculated by Appleton Hartree formula.
Yamamoto, Masayuki; Ito, Yoshihiko; Kishi, Yoji; Sawada, Akira; Kimura, Iwane (Kyoto Univ. (Japan)); Nagano, Isamu; Kennai, Eiichi (Kanazawa Univ. (Japan)); Okada, Toshimi (Toyama Prefectural Univ. (Japan)); Hashimoto, Kozo (Tokyo Denki Univ. (Japan))
High performance magnetic bearing systems using high temperature superconductors
Disclosed are a magnetic bearing apparatus and a method for providing at least one stabilizing force in a magnetic bearing structure with a superconducting magnetic assembly and a magnetic assembly, by providing a superconducting magnetic member in the superconducting magnetic assembly with a plurality of domains and arranging said superconducting magnetic member such that at least one domain has a domain C-axis vector alignment angularly disposed relative to a reference axis of the magnetic member in the magnetic assembly. 7 figs.
Abboud, R.G.
A magnetic bearing apparatus and a method for providing at least one stabilizing force in a magnetic bearing structure with a superconducting magnetic assembly and a magnetic assembly, by providing a superconducting magnetic member in the superconducting magnetic assembly with a plurality of domains and arranging said superconducting magnetic member such that at least one domain has a domain C-axis vector alignment angularly disposed relative to a reference axis of the magnetic member in the magnetic assembly.
Abboud, Robert G. (Barrington Hills, IL)
Magnetic Energy and Helicity Budgets in the Active-Region Solar Corona. I. Linear Force-Free Approximation
We self-consistently derive the magnetic energy and relative magnetic helicity budgets of a three-dimensional linear force-free magnetic structure rooted in a lower boundary plane. For the potential magnetic energy we derive a general expression that gives results practically equivalent to those of the magnetic Virial theorem. All magnetic energy and helicity budgets are formulated in terms of surface integrals applied to the lower boundary, thus avoiding computationally intensive three-dimensional magnetic field extrapolations. We analytically and numerically connect our derivations with classical expressions for the magnetic energy and helicity, thus presenting a so-far lacking unified treatment of the energy/helicity budgets in the constant-alpha approximation. Applying our derivations to photospheric vector magnetograms of an eruptive and a noneruptive solar active regions, we find that the most profound quantitative difference between these regions lies in the estimated free magnetic energy and relative magnetic helicity budgets. If this result is verified with a large number of active regions, it will advance our understanding of solar eruptive phenomena. We also find that the constant-alpha approximation gives rise to large uncertainties in the calculation of the free magnetic energy and the relative magnetic helicity. Therefore, care must be exercised when this approximation is applied to photospheric magnetic field observations. Despite its shortcomings, the constant-alpha approximation is adopted here because this study will form the basis of a comprehensive nonlinear force-free description of the energetics and helicity in the active-region solar corona, which is our ultimate objective.
M. K. Georgoulis; Barry J. LaBonte
Manolis K. Georgoulis; Barry J. Labonte
Invariants of Lie algebras extended over commutative algebras without unit.
We establish results about the second cohomology with coefficients in the trivial module, symmetric invariant bilinear forms and derivations of a Lie algebra extended over a commutative associative algebra without unit. These results provide a simple unified approach to a number of questions treated earlier in completely separated ways: periodization of semisimple Lie algebras (Anna Larsson), derivation algebras, with prescribed semisimple part, of nilpotent Lie algebras (Benoist), and presentations of affine Kac-Moody algebras.
Pasha Zusmanovich.; Suppl. 1; 87-102
Low-lying structure of neutron-rich Zn and Ga isotopes
Low-lying states of even-even Zn and odd-mass Ga nuclei with neutron numbers between 42 and 50 have been calculated within the framework of the SDG-pair approximation of the nuclear shell model. We employ a monopole and quadrupole pairing plus quadrupole-quadrupole interaction with optimized parameters, which are assumed to be constants for nuclei with the same proton number or neutron number. We calculate low-lying level schemes, electric quadrupole and magnetic dipole moments, and E2 and M1 transition rates. Reasonable agreement is achieved between the calculated results and experimental data. Dominant configurations in the ground states of odd-mass Ga nuclei are discussed in terms of pair correlations. The weak-coupling picture for some states of odd-mass Ga nuclei is studied.
Jiang, H. [School of Arts and Sciences, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai 200135 (China); Department of Physics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240 (China); Fu, G. J.; Arima, A. [Department of Physics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240 (China); Zhao, Y. M. [Department of Physics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240 (China); Center of Theoretical Nuclear Physics, National Laboratory of Heavy Ion Accelerator, Lanzhou 730000 (China); CCAST, World Laboratory, P.O. Box 8730, Beijing 100080 (China)
Coded output support vector machine
The authors propose a coded output support vector machine (COSVM) by introducing the idea of information coding to solve multi-class classification problems for large-scale datasets. The COSVM is built based on the support vector regression (SVR) machine ... Keywords: coded output, multi-class classification, number system, parallel implementation, support vector machine (SVM)
Tao Ye; Xuefeng Zhu
Comparison of some Lie-symmetry-based integrators
Lie-symmetry based integrators are constructed in order to preserve the local invariance properties of the equations. The geometrical methods leading to discretized equations for numerical computations involve many different concepts. Therefore they ... Keywords: Discrete differential invariant, Invariant scheme, Lie group method, Moving frame, Symmetry
M. Chhay; E. Hoarau; A. Hamdouni; P. Sagaut
Norm continuous unitary representations of Lie algebras of smooth sections
We give a complete description of the bounded (i.e. norm continuous) unitary representations of the Fr\\'echet-Lie algebra of all smooth sections, as well as of the LF-Lie algebra of compactly supported smooth sections, of a smooth Lie algebra bundle whose typical fiber is a compact Lie algebra. For the Lie algebra of all sections, bounded unitary irreducible representations are finite tensor products of so-called evaluation representations, hence in particular finite-dimensional. For the Lie algebra of compactly supported sections, bounded unitary irreducible (factor) representations are possibly infinite tensor products of evaluation representations, which reduces the classification problem to results of Glimm and Powers on irreducible (factor) representations of UHF C*-algebras. The key part in our proof is the classification of irreducible bounded unitary representations of Lie algebras that are the tensor product of a compact Lie algebra and a unital real continuous inverse algebra: every such representation is a finite product of evaluation representations. On the group level, our results cover in particular the bounded unitary representations of the identity component of the group of smooth gauge transformations of a principal fiber bundle with compact base and structure group, and the connected component of the group of special unitary n times n matrices with values in an involutive commutative continuous inverse algebra.
Bas Janssens; Karl-Hermann Neeb
Exceptional Lie Algebras, SU(3) and Jordan Pairs
A simple unifying view of the exceptional Lie algebras is presented. The underlying Jordan pair content and role are exhibited. Each algebra contains three Jordan pairs sharing the same Lie algebra of automorphisms and the same external su(3) symmetry. Eventual physical applications and implications of the theory are outlined.
Piero Truini
Extremal Properties of Bases for Representations of Semisimple Lie Algebras
Let \\cal L be a complex semisimple Lie algebra with specified Chevalley generators. Let V be a finite dimensional representation of \\cal L with weight basis \\cal B. The supporting graph P of \\cal ... Keywords: irreducible representations, semisimple Lie algebras, supporting graphs
Robert G. Donnelly
Reduction of Lie-Jordan Banach algebras and quantum states
A theory of reduction of Lie-Jordan Banach algebras with respect to either a Jordan ideal or a Lie-Jordan subalgebra is presented. This theory is compared with the standard reduction of C*-algebras of observables of a quantum system in the presence of quantum constraints. It is shown that the later corresponds to the particular instance of the reduction of Lie-Jordan Banach algebras with respect to a Lie-Jordan subalgebra as described in this paper. The space of states of the reduced Lie-Jordan Banach algebras is described in terms of equivalence classes of extensions to the full algebra and their GNS representations are characterized in the same way. A few simple examples are discussed that illustrates some of the main results.
Stein's Method and Characters of Compact Lie Groups
Stein's method is used to study the trace of a random element from a compact Lie group or symmetric space. Central limit theorems are proved using very little information: character values on a single element and the decomposition of the square of the trace into irreducible components. This is illustrated for Lie groups of classical type and Dyson's circular ensembles. The approach in this paper will be useful for the study of higher dimensional characters, where normal approximations need not hold.
Jason Fulman
Using Vector Intrinsics for BGQ
Using Vector Intrinsics for BGQ Using Vector Intrinsics for BGQ BGQ has SIMD capability = instructions to process four doubles or floats. All arithmetic work is done with doubles. QPX mult-add = 8 Flops/cycle. Vector load and store operations can work with doubles or floats, and include automatic format conversion to/from float. Format is double in registers. Vector intrinsics are provided by the XL compiler to make it possible for you to explicitly code SIMD instructions. Each vector intrinsic maps to one QPX instruction, callable from C, C++, or Fortran. Documentation in IBM XL compiler manuals : C/C++ Compiler Reference /opt/ibmcmp/vacpp/bg/12.1/doc/en_US/pdf/compiler.pdf Fortran Language Reference /opt/ibmcmp/vacpp/bg/12.1/doc/en_US/pdf/compiler.pdf On Argonne systems, look in /soft/compilers instead of /opt.
Functional Segmentation of Renal DCE-MRI Sequences Using Vector Quantization Algorithms
In dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging, segmentation of internal kidney structures like cortex, medulla and cavities is essential for functional assessment. To avoid fastidious and time-consuming manual segmentation, semi-automatic methods ... Keywords: Biomedical image processing, Biomedical magnetic resonance imaging, Clustering methods, Image segmentation, Image sequence analysis, Vector quantization
B�atrice Chevaillier; Damien Mandry; Jean-Luc Collette; Michel Claudon; Marie-Agn�s Galloy; Olivier Pietquin
Abstract. In this talk we introduce the notion of a generalized representation of a Jordan algebra with unit which has the following properties: 1) Usual representations and Jacobson representations correspond to special cases of generalized representations. 2) Every simple Jordan algebra has infinitely many nonequivalent generalized representations. 3) There is a one-to-one correspondence between irreducible generalized representations of a Jordan algebra A and irreducible representations of a graded Lie algebra L(A) = U?1?U0?U1 corresponding to A (the Lie algebra L(A) coincides with the TKK construction when A has a unit). The latter correspondence allows to use the theory of representations of Lie algebras to study generalized representations of Jordan algebras. In particular, one can classify irreducible generalized representations of semisimple Jordan algebras and also obtain classical results about usual representations and Jacobson representations in a simple way.
Issai Kantor; Gregory Shpiz
Ensemble Dynamics and Bred Vectors
The new concept of an ensemble bred vector (EBV) algorithm is introduced to assess the sensitivity of model outputs to changes in initial conditions for weather forecasting. The new algorithm is based on collective dynamics in essential ways. As ...
Nusret Balci; Anna L. Mazzucato; Juan M. Restrepo; George R. Sell
Exceptional Lie Groups, E-infinity Theory and Higgs Boson
In this paper, we study the correlation between the exceptional lie groups and El-Naschie's transfinite E-infinity spacetime theory. Subsequently this is used to calculate the number of elementary particles in the standard model, mass of the Higgs boson and some coupling constants.
Ayman A. El-Okaby
Low-lying Proton Intruder State in 13B
The neturon rich nucleus 13B was studied via the proton transfer reaction 4He(12Be,13B \\gamma) at 50AMeV. The known 4.83-MeV excited state was strongly populated and its spin and parity were assigned to 1/2+ by comparing the angular differential cross section data with DWBA calculations. This low-lying 1/2+ state is interpreted as a proton intruder state and indicates a deformation of the nucleus.
S. Ota; S. Shimoura; H. Iwasaki; M. Kurokawa; S. Michimasa; N. Aoi; H. Baba; K. Demichi; Z. Elekes; T. Fukuchi; T. Gomi; S. Kanno; S. Kubono; K. Kurita; H. Hasegawa; E. Ideguchi; N. Iwasa; Y. U. Matsuyama; K. L. Yurkewicz; T. Minemura; T. Motobayashi; T. Murakami; M. Notani; A. Odahara; A. Saito; H. Sakurai; E. Takeshita; S. Takeuchi; M. Tamaki; T. Teranishi; Y. Yanagisawa; K. Yamada; M. Ishihara
Three fluid cosmological model using Lie and Noether symmetries
We employ a three fluid model in order to construct a cosmological model in the Friedmann Robertson Walker flat spacetime, which contains three types of matter dark energy, dark matter and a perfect fluid with a linear equation of state. Dark matter is described by dust and dark energy with a scalar field with potential V({\\phi}). In order to fix the scalar field potential we demand Lie symmetry invariance of the field equations, which is a model-independent assumption. The requirement of an extra Lie symmetry selects the exponential scalar field potential. The further requirement that the analytic solution is invariant under the point transformation generated by the Lie symmetry eliminates dark matter and leads to a quintessence and a phantom cosmological model containing a perfect fluid and a scalar field. Next we assume that the Lagrangian of the system admits an extra Noether symmetry. This new assumption selects the scalar field potential to be exponential and forces the perfect fluid to be stiff. Furthermore the existence of the Noether integral allows for the integration of the dynamical equations. We find new analytic solutions to quintessence and phantom cosmologies which contain all three fluids. Using these solutions one is able to compute analytically all main cosmological functions, such as the scale factor, the scalar field, the Hubble expansion rate, the deceleration parameter etc.
Michael Tsamparlis; Andronikos Paliathanasis
Arbitrary norm support vector machines
Support vector machines (SVM) are state-of-the-art classifiers. Typically L2-norm or L1-norm is adopted as a regularization term in SVMs, while other norm-based SVMs, for example, the L0-norm SVM or even the L?-norm ...
Kaizhu Huang; Danian Zheng; Irwin King; Michael R. Lyu
Distribution Amplitudes of Vector Mesons
Results are presented for the lowest moment of the distribution amplitude for the K-star vector meson. Both longitudinal and transverse moments are investigated. We use two flavours of O(a) improved Wilson fermions, together with a non-perturbative renormalisation of the matrix element.
V. M. Braun; D. Br�mmel; M. G�ckeler; R. Horsley; Y. Nakamura; H. Perlt; D. Pleiter; P. E. L. Rakow; A. Sch�fer; G. Schierholz; A. Schiller; W. Schroers; T. Streuer; H. St�ben; J. M. Zanotti
Vector-thread architecture and implementation
This thesis proposes vector-thread architectures as a performance-efficient solution for all-purpose computing. The VT architectural paradigm unifies the vector and multithreaded compute models. VT provides the programmer ...
Krashinsky, Ronny (Ronny Meir), 1978-
Exploiting Vector Parallelism in Software Pipelined Loops
An emerging trend in processor design is the incorporation of short vector instructions into the ISA. In fact, vector extensions have appeared in most general-purpose microprocessors. To utilize these instructions, ...
Larsen, Sam
Compilation techniques for short-vector instructions
Multimedia extensions are nearly ubiquitous in today's general-purpose processors. These extensions consist primarily of a set of short-vector instructions that apply the same opcode to a vector of operands. This design ...
Larsen, Samuel (Samuel Barton), 1975-
Quasi-Lie schemes and Emden--Fowler equations
The recently developed theory of quasi-Lie schemes is studied and applied to investigate several equations of Emden type and a scheme to deal with them and some of their generalisations is given. As a first result we obtain t-dependent constants of the motion for particular instances of Emden equations by means of some of their particular solutions. Previously known results are recovered from this new perspective. Finally some t-dependent constants of the motion for equations of Emden type satisfying certain conditions are recovered.
J. F. Cari�ena; P. G. L. Leach; J. de Lucas
Low-lying Collective States in {sup 136}Ba
Low-lying collective states in {sup 136}Ba were investigated with (n,n'{gamma}) techniques, including Doppler-shift attenuation lifetime measurements. The level spins, lifetimes, branching ratios, multipole-mixing ratios and transition strengths reveal candidates for symmetric-phonon states up to third order. The 2{sub ms}{sup +} mixed-symmetry state was confirmed as unfragmented and a candidate for a [2{sub 1}{sup +} x 2{sub ms}{sup +}]{sub 3}{sup +} two-phonon mixed-symmetry state is proposed.
Scheck, M. [Oliver Lodge Laboratory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, GB (United Kingdom); Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY (United States); Mukhopadhyay, S.; Crider, B.; Choudry, S. N.; Elhami, E.; Peters, E. E.; McEllistrem, M. T.; Orce, J. N. [Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY (United States); Yates, S. W. [Dept. of Chemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY (United States); Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY (United States)
On the string topology category of compact Lie groups.
This paper examines the string topology category of a manifold, defined by Blumberg, Cohen and Teleman. Since the string topology category is a subcategory of a compactly generated triangulated category, the machinery of stratification, constructed by Benson, Krause and Iyengar, can be applied in order to gain an understanding of the string topology category. It is shown that an appropriate stratification holds when the manifold in question is a simply connected compact Lie group. This last result is used to derive some properties of the relevant string topology categories.
Shoham Shamir
Spectroscopic study of low-lying {sup 16}N levels
The magnitude of the {sup 15}N(n,{gamma}){sup 16}N reaction rate in asymptotic giant branch stars depends directly on the neutron spectroscopic factors of low-lying {sup 16}N levels. A new study of the {sup 15}N(d,p){sup 16}N reaction is reported populating the ground and first three excited states in {sup 16}N. The measured spectroscopic factors are near unity as expected from shell model calculations, resolving a long-standing discrepancy with earlier measurements that had never been confirmed or understood. Updated {sup 15}N(n,{gamma}){sup 16}N reaction rates are presented.
Bardayan, D. W.; Nesaraja, C. D.; Pain, S. D.; Smith, M. S. [Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831 (United States); O'Malley, P. D.; Cizewski, J. A.; Hatarik, R.; Peters, W. A. [Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903 (United States); Blackmon, J. C. [Deptartment of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803 (United States); Chae, K. Y.; Jones, K. L.; Moazen, B. H.; Paulauskas, S.; Pittman, S. T.; Schmitt, K. T. [Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996 (United States); Chipps, K. A. [Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 (United States); Kozub, R. L.; Shriner, J. F. Jr. [Physics Department, Tennessee Technological University, Cookeville, Tennessee 38505 (United States); Matei, C. [Oak Ridge Associated Universities, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830 (United States)
Free brace algebras are free pre-Lie algebras Loic Foissy
Free brace algebras are free pre-Lie algebras Lo¨ic Foissy Laboratoire de Math´ematiques, email@example.com ABSTRACT. Let g be a free brace algebra. This structure implies that g is also a pre-Lie algebra and a Lie algebra. It is already known that g is a free Lie algebra. We prove here that g is also a free pre
Paris-Sud XI, Université de
Compiling for an indirect vector register architecture
The iVMX architecture contains a novel vector register file of up to 4096 vector registers accessed indirectly via a mapping mechanism, providing compatibility with the VMX architecture, and potential for dramatic performance benefits [7]. The large ... Keywords: compiler controlled cache, data reuse, rotating register file, simd, subword parallelism, vectorization, viterbi
Dorit Nuzman; Mircea Namolaru; Ayal Zaks; Jeff H. Derby
Fuzzy concepts in vector quantization training
Vector quantization and clustering are two different problems for which similar techniques are used. We analyze some approaches to the synthesis of a vector quantization codebook, and their similarities with corresponding clustering algorithms. We outline ... Keywords: fuzzy clustering, neural gas, vector quantization
Francesco Masulli; Stefano Rovetta
Purely magnetic spacetimes
Spacetimes in which the electric part of the Weyl tensor vanishes (relative to some timelike unit vector field) are said to be purely magnetic. Examples of purely magnetic spacetimes are known and are relatively easy to construct, if no restrictions are placed on the energy-momentum tensor. However it has long been conjectured that purely magnetic vacuum spacetimes (with or without a cosmological constant) do not exist. The history of this conjecture is reviewed and some advances made in the last year are described briefly. A generalisation of this conjecture first suggested for type D vacuum spacetimes by Ferrando and Saez is stated and proved in a number of special cases. Finally an approach to a general proof of the conjecture is described using the Newman-Penrose formalism based on a canonical null tetrad of the Weyl tensor.
Alan Barnes
SVPWM-Based Simulation of Direct Torque Control in Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor
On the basis of analysis of the mathematical model of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM), this paper is to propose a new type direct torque control system based on space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM) technology aiming at big torque ripple, ... Keywords: permanent magnet synchronous motor, direct torque control, space vector pulse width modulation, MATLAB/Simulink
Huang Xianghui, Sun Nan
Vector-field domain walls
We argue that spontaneous Lorentz violation may generally lead to metastable domain walls related to the simultaneous violation of some accompanying discrete symmetries. Remarkably, such domain-wall solutions exist for spacelike Lorentz violation and do not exist for the timelike violation. Because a preferred space direction is spontaneously induced, these domain walls have no planar symmetry and produce a peculiar static gravitational field at small distances, while their long-distance gravity appears the same as for regular scalar-field walls. Some possible applications of vector-field domain walls are briefly discussed.
Chkareuli, J. L. [E. Andronikashvili Institute of Physics, 0177 Tbilisi, Georgia (United States); I. Chavchavadze State University, 0162 Tbilisi (Georgia); Kobakhidze, Archil [E. Andronikashvili Institute of Physics, 0177 Tbilisi (Georgia); School of Physics, University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010 (Australia); Volkas, Raymond R. [School of Physics, University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010 (Australia)
Quantum Electrodynamics for Vector Mesons
Quantum electrodynamics for {rho} mesons is considered. It is shown that, at the tree level, the value of the gyromagnetic ratio of the {rho}{sup +} is fixed to 2 in a self-consistent effective quantum field theory. Further, the mixing parameter of the photon and the neutral vector meson is equal to the ratio of electromagnetic and strong couplings, leading to the mass difference M{sub {rho}}{sub {sup 0}}-M{sub {rho}}{sub {sup {+-}}}{approx}1 MeV at tree order.
Djukanovic, Dalibor; Schindler, Matthias R.; Scherer, Stefan [Institut fuer Kernphysik, Johannes Gutenberg-Universitaet, 55099 Mainz (Germany); Gegelia, Jambul [Institut fuer Kernphysik, Johannes Gutenberg-Universitaet, 55099 Mainz (Germany); High Energy Physics Institute, Tbilisi State University, Tbilisi (Georgia)
Probability Ranking in Vector Spaces
The Probability Ranking Principle states that the document set with the highest values of probability of relevance optimizes information retrieval effectiveness given the probabilities are estimated as accurately as possible. The key point of the principle is the separation of the document set into two subsets with a given level of fallout and with the highest recall. The paper introduces the separation between two vector subspaces and shows that the separation yields a more effective performance than the optimal separation into subsets with the same available evidence, the performance being measured with recall and fallout. The result is proved mathematically and exemplified experimentally.
Melucci, Massimo
Kinematics in Vector Boson Fusion
The vector boson fusion process leads to two forward/backward jets (tag jets) and the produced state, a Higgs boson in this case, moving slowly in the p-p C.M. frame at the LHC. For the case of Higgs decaying to W+W (W*) with Higgs mass below 180 GeV, the W bosons have low momentum in the Higgs C.M. For the case of W leptonic decays, this fact allows for an approximate reconstruction of the two final state neutrinos. In turn, those solutions then provide additional kinematic cuts against background.
D. Green
The vector BPS Skyrme model
We analyze the vector meson formulation of the BPS Skyrme model in (3+1) dimensions, where the term of sixth power in first derivatives characteristic for the original, integrable BPS Skyrme model (the topological or baryon current squared) is replaced by a coupling between the vector meson $\\omega_\\mu$ and the baryon current. We find that the model remains integrable in the sense of generalized integrability and almost solvable (reducible to a set of two first order ODEs) for any value of the baryon charge. Further, we analyze the appearance of topological solitons for two one-parameter families of one vacuum potentials: the old Skyrme potentials and the so-called BPS potentials. Depending on the value of the parameters we find several qualitatively different possibilities. In the massless case we have a parameter region with no skyrmions, a unique compact skyrmion with a discontinuous first derivative at the boundary (equivalently, with a source term located at the boundary, which screens the topological ch...
Adam, C; Sanchez-Guillen, J; Wereszczynski, A
The vector BPS baby Skyrme model
We investigate the relation between the BPS baby Skyrme model and its vector meson formulation, where the baby Skyrme term is replaced by a coupling between the topological current $B_\\mu$ and the vector meson field $\\omega_\\mu$. The vector model still possesses infinitely many symmetries leading to infinitely many conserved currents which stand behind its solvability. It turns out that the similarities and differences of the two models depend strongly on the specific form of the potential. We find, for instance, that compactons (which exist in the BPS baby Skyrme model) disappear from the spectrum of solutions of the vector counterpart. Specifically, for the vector model with the old baby Skyrme potential we find that it has compacton solutions only provided that a delta function source term effectively screening the topological charge is inserted at the compacton boundary. For the old baby Skyrme potential squared we find that the vector model supports exponentially localized solitons, like the BPS baby Sky...
Conformal vector fields on Finsler manifolds
Applying concepts and tools from classical tangent bundle geometry and using the apparatus of the calculus along the tangent bundle projection ('pull-back formalism'), first we enrich the known lists of the characterizations of affine vector fields on a spray manifold and conformal vector fields on a Finsler manifold. Second, we deduce consequences on vector fields on the underlying manifold of a Finsler structure having one or two of the mentioned geometric properties.
Szilasi, J�zsef
Thermomagnetic burn control for magnetic fusion reactor
Apparatus is provided for controlling the plasma energy production rate of a magnetic-confinement fusion reactor, by controlling the magnetic field ripple. The apparatus includes a group of shield sectors formed of ferromagnetic material which has a temperature-dependent saturation magnetization, with each shield lying between the plasma and a toroidal field coil. A mechanism for controlling the temperature of the magnetic shields, as by controlling the flow of cooling water therethrough, thereby controls the saturation magnetization of the shields and therefore the amount of ripple in the magnetic field that confines the plasma, to thereby control the amount of heat loss from the plasma. This heat loss in turn determines the plasma state and thus the rate of energy production.
Rawls, J.M.; Peuron, A.U.
Apparatus is provided for controlling the plasma energy production rate of a magnetic-confinement fusion reactor, by controlling the magnetic field ripple. The apparatus includes a group of shield sectors (30a, 30b, etc.) formed of ferromagnetic material which has a temperature-dependent saturation magnetization, with each shield lying between the plasma (12) and a toroidal field coil (18). A mechanism (60) for controlling the temperature of the magnetic shields, as by controlling the flow of cooling water therethrough, thereby controls the saturation magnetization of the shields and therefore the amount of ripple in the magnetic field that confines the plasma, to thereby control the amount of heat loss from the plasma. This heat loss in turn determines the plasma state and thus the rate of energy production.
Rawls, John M. (Del Mar, CA); Peuron, Unto A. (Solana Beach, CA)
Vector Representation of Trade Cumulus Thermodynamic Fluxes
A vector representation of the BOMEX thermodynamic budget data is presented which shows graphically the relationship of the fluxes and the mean layer structure.
Alan K. Betts
Inexact projected gradient method for vector optimization
For orders induced by different cones, the vector optimization problem does not arise as frequently as the one concerning the point-wise partial order. However�...
Vector Boson Scattering at High Mass
In the absence of a light Higgs boson, the mechanism of electroweak symmetry breaking will be best studied in processes of vector boson scattering at high mass. Various models predict resonances in this channel. Here, we investigate W W scalar and vector resonances, W Z vector resonances and a Z Z scalar resonance over a range of diboson centre-of-mass energies. Particular attention is paid to the application reconstruction of dijet pairs with low opening angle resulting from the decay of highly boosted vector bosons.
Sherwood, P
Low-lying isomeric levels in 75Cu
Isomeric low-lying states were identified and investigated in the 75Cu nucleus. Two states at 61.8(5)- and 128.3(7)-keV excitation energies with half-lives of 370(40)- and 170(15)-ns were assigned as 75m1Cu and 75m2Cu, respectively. The measured half-lives combined with the recent spin assignment of the ground state allow one to deduce tentatively spin and parity of the two isomers and the dominant multipolarities of the isomeric transitions with respect to the systematics of the Cu isotopes. Shell-model calculations using an up-to-date effective interaction reproduce the evolution of the 1/2 , 3/2 , and 5/2 states for the neutron-rich odd-mass Cu isotopes when filling the g9/2. The results indicate a significant change in the nuclear structure in this region, where a single-particle 5/2 state coexists with more and more collective 3/2 and 1/2 levels at low excitation energies.
Daugas, J. M. [Grand Accelerateur National d'Ions Lourds (GANIL); Faul, T. [CEA, France; Grawe, H. [GSI-Hemholtzzentrum fur Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt, Germany; Pfutzner, M. [University of Warsaw; Grzywacz, R. [University of Tennessee, Knoxville (UTK); Lewitowicz, M. [Grand Accelerateur National d'Ions Lourds (GANIL); Achouri, N. L. [CNRS/IN2P3, Caen, France; Angelique, J. C. [CNRS/IN2P3, Caen, France; Baiborodin, D. [Nuclear Physic Institute, Czech Republic; Bentida, R. [Universite de Lyon, France; Beraud, R. [Universite de Lyon, France; Borcea, C. [IFIN, Bucharest-Magurele, Romania; Bingham, C. R. [University of Tennessee, Knoxville (UTK); Catford, W. [University of Surrey, UK; Emsallem, A. [Universite de Lyon, France; De France, G. [Grand Accelerateur National d'Ions Lourds (GANIL); Grzywacz, K. L. [University of Tennessee, Knoxville (UTK); Lemmon, R. [Daresbury Laboratory, UK; Lopez Jimenez, M. J. [Grand Accelerateur National d'Ions Lourds (GANIL); de Oliveira Santos, F. [Grand Accelerateur National d'Ions Lourds (GANIL); Regan, P. H. [University of Surrey, UK; Rykaczewski, Krzysztof Piotr [ORNL; Sauvestre, J. E. [CEA, France; Sawicka, M. [University of Warsaw; Stanoiu, M. [Grand Accelerateur National d'Ions Lourds (GANIL); Sieja, K. [Technische Universitat Darmstadt, Germany; Nowacki, F. [Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien, Strasbourg, France
Low-lying isomeric levels in {sup 75}Cu
Isomeric low-lying states were identified and investigated in the {sup 75}Cu nucleus. Two states at 61.8(5)- and 128.3(7)-keV excitation energies with half-lives of 370(40)- and 170(15)-ns were assigned as {sup 75m1}Cu and {sup 75m2}Cu, respectively. The measured half-lives combined with the recent spin assignment of the ground state allow one to deduce tentatively spin and parity of the two isomers and the dominant multipolarities of the isomeric transitions with respect to the systematics of the Cu isotopes. Shell-model calculations using an up-to-date effective interaction reproduce the evolution of the 1/2{sup -}, 3/2{sup -}, and 5/2{sup -} states for the neutron-rich odd-mass Cu isotopes when filling the nug{sub 9/2}. The results indicate a significant change in the nuclear structure in this region, where a single-particle 5/2{sup -} state coexists with more and more collective 3/2{sup -} and 1/2{sup -} levels at low excitation energies.
Daugas, J. M.; Faul, T.; Sauvestre, J. E. [CEA, DAM, DIF, F-91297 Arpajon cedex (France); Grawe, H. [GSI-Hemholtzzentrum fuer Schwerionenforschung, Planckstrasse 1, D-64220 Darmstadt (Germany); Pfuetzner, M.; Sawicka, M. [IEP, Warsaw University, 00681 Warsaw, PL-00681 Hoza 69 (Poland); Grzywacz, R. [Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996 (United States); Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831 (United States); Lewitowicz, M.; France, G. de; Lopez Jimenez, M. J.; Oliveira Santos, F. de [Grand Accelerateur National d'Ions Lourds (GANIL), CEA/DSM-CNRS/IN2P3, BP 55027, F-14076 Caen cedex 5 (France); Achouri, N. L.; Angelique, J. C. [Laboratoire de Physique Corpusculaire ENSICAEN, CNRS-IN2P3 UMR 6534 et Universite de Caen, F-14050 Caen cedex (France); Baiborodin, D. [Nuclear Physic Institute, CZ-25068 Rez (Czech Republic); Bentida, R.; Beraud, R.; Emsallem, A. [Institut de Physique Nucleaire de Lyon, CNRS/IN2P3, Universite Lyon 1, F-69622 Villeurbanne cedex (France); Borcea, C. [Horia Hulubei National Institute of Physics and Nuclear Engineering, P.O. Box MG6, Bucharest-Margule (Romania); Bingham, C. R.; Grzywacz, K. L. [Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996 (United States)
Computation of Lie Transformations from a Power Series: Bounds and Optimum Truncation
The problem considered is the computation of an infinite product (composition) of Lie transformations generated by homogeneous polynomials of increasing order from a given convergent power series. Bounds are computed for the infinitesimal form of Lie transformations. The results obtained do not guarantee convergence of the product. Instead, the optimum truncation is determined by minimizing the terms of order n+1 that remain after the first n Lie transformations have been applied.
Ivan Gjaja
Superconducting Magnets
magnet technology has allowed physicists to attain higher energies in circular accelerators. One can obtain higher magnetic fields because there is no resistance in a...
Analysis of the optics of the Final Focus Test Beam using Lie algebra based techniques
This report discusses the analysis of the beam optics of the final focus test beam at the Stanford Linear Collider using Lie algebra. (LSP).
Roy, G.J.
Sistemas de Lie y sus aplicaciones en F�sica y Teor�a de Control
Doctoral Thesis, year 2002, about Lie systems and applications in Physics and Control Theory. The text is in English. Advisor: Jos\\'e F. Cari\\~nena
Arturo Ramos
Algorithms and analyses for maximal vector computation
The maximal vector problem is to identify the maximals over a collection of vectors. This arises in many contexts and, as such, has been well studied.The problem recently gained renewed attention with skyline queries for relational databases and with ...
Parke Godfrey; Ryan Shipley; Jarek Gryz
Vectorized image segmentation via trixel agglomeration
We present a broad algorithmic framework for transforming an image comprised of pixels into a vectorized image segmented into polygons that can be subsequently used in image analysis, understanding, and high-level representation. We introduce a new entity-the ... Keywords: Delaunay triangulation, Image segmentation, Perceptual grouping, Polygonal decomposition, Region and boundary duality, Trixel, Vectorization
Lakshman Prasad; Alexei N. Skourikhine
Unique system of FE/PD for magneto-optical recording and magnetic switching devices
A high density magneto-optical information storage medium utilizing the properties of an ultrathin iron film on a palladium substrate. The present invention comprises a magneto-optical medium capable of thermal and magnetic stability and capable of possessing a vertical orientation of the magnetization vector for the magnetic material. Data storage relies on the temperature dependence of the coercivity of the ultrathin film. Data retrieval derives from the Kerr effect which describes the direction of rotation of a plane of polarized light traversing the ultrathin magnetic material as a function of the orientation of the magnetization vector.
Liu, Chian Q. (Hinsdale, IL); Bader, Samuel D. (Oak Park, IL)
A unique system of Fe/Pd for magneto-optical recording and magnetic switching devices
This invention is comprised of a high density magneto-optical information storage medium utilizing the properties of an ultrathin iron film on a palladium substrate. The present invention comprises a magneto-optical medium capable of thermal and magnetic stability and capable of possessing a vertical orientation of the magnetization vector for the magnetic material. Data storage relies on the temperature dependence of the coercivity of the ultrathin film. Data retrieval derives from the Kerr effect which describes the direction of rotation of a plane of polarized light traversing the ultrathin magnetic material as a function of the orientation of the magnetization vector.
Liu, Chian Q.; Bader, S.D.
Some necessary conditions for vector space partitions
Some new necessary conditions for the existence of vector space partitions are derived. They are applied to the problem of finding the maximum number of spaces of dimension t in a vector space partition of V(2t,q) that contains m_d spaces of dimension d, where t/2spaces of other dimensions. It is also discussed how this problem is related to maximal partial (t-1)-spreads in V(2t,q). We also give a lower bound for the number of spaces in a vector space partition and verify that this bound is tight.
Heden, Olof
Using a recently proposed nonlinear force-free method designed for single-vector magnetograms of solar active regions, we calculate the instantaneous free magnetic energy and relative magnetic helicity budgets in 162 vector magnetograms corresponding to 42 different active regions. We find a statistically robust, monotonic correlation between the free magnetic energy and the relative magnetic helicity in the studied regions. This correlation implies that magnetic helicity, in addition to free magnetic energy, may be an essential ingredient for major solar eruptions. Eruptive active regions appear well segregated from non-eruptive ones in both free energy and relative helicity with major (at least M-class) flares occurring in active regions with free energy and relative helicity exceeding 4 Multiplication-Sign 10{sup 31} erg and 2 Multiplication-Sign 10{sup 42} Mx{sup 2}, respectively. The helicity threshold agrees well with estimates of the helicity contents of typical coronal mass ejections.
Tziotziou, Kostas; Georgoulis, Manolis K. [Research Center for Astronomy and Applied Mathematics (RCAAM), Academy of Athens, 4 Soranou Efesiou Street, Athens, GR-11527 (Greece); Raouafi, Nour-Eddine [Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory (JHU/APL), 11100 Johns Hopkins Rd. Laurel, MD 20723-6099 (United States)
The Magnetic Energy - Helicity Diagram of Solar Active Regions
Using a recently proposed nonlinear force-free method designed for single vector magnetograms of solar active regions we calculate the instantaneous free magnetic energy and relative magnetic helicity budgets in 162 vector magnetograms corresponding to 42 different active regions. We find a statistically robust, monotonic correlation between the free magnetic energy and the relative magnetic helicity in the studied regions. This correlation implies that magnetic helicity, besides free magnetic energy, may be an essential ingredient for major solar eruptions. Eruptive active regions appear well segregated from non-eruptive ones in both free energy and relative helicity with major (at least M-class) flares occurring in active regions with free energy and relative helicity exceeding 4x10^{31} erg and 2x10^{42} Mx^2, respectively. The helicity threshold agrees well with estimates of helicity contents of typical coronal mass ejections.
Tziotziou, Kostas; Raouafi, Nour-Eddine
Vector Graphics for Real-time 3D Rendering.
??Algorithms are presented that enable the use of vector graphics representations of images in texture maps for 3D real time rendering. Vector graphics images are� (more)
Qin, Zheng
Imaging vector fields using Line Integral Convolution
Imaging vector fields has applications in science, art, image processing and special effects. An effective new approach is to use linear and curvilinear filtering techniques to locally blur textures along a vector field. This approach builds on several previous texture generation and filtering techniques. It is, however, unique because it is local, one-dimensional and independent of any predefined geometry or texture. The technique is general and capable of imaging arbitrary two- and three-dimensional vector fields. The local one-dimensional nature of the algorithm lends itself to highly parallel and efficient implementations. Furthermore, the curvilinear filter is capable of rendering detail on very intricate vector fields. Combining this technique with other rendering and image processing techniques -- like periodic motion filtering -- results in richly informative and striking images. The technique can also produce novel special effects.
Cabral, B.; Leedom, L.C.
What are vector quantities and how do...
science books, they usually stick to 2 dimensional problems (i.e., the surface of the book page) for simplicity. Vectors are shown as a line segment with an arrow head at one...
Ensemble Model Output Statistics for Wind Vectors
A bivariate ensemble model output statistics (EMOS) technique for the postprocessing of ensemble forecasts of two-dimensional wind vectors is proposed, where the postprocessed probabilistic forecast takes the form of a bivariate normal probability ...
Nina Schuhen; Thordis L. Thorarinsdottir; Tilmann Gneiting
On the Orthogonality of Bred Vectors
The �breeding method� is a well-established and computationally inexpensive method for generating perturbations for ensemble integrations. One feature of bred vectors is that, although arbitrary initial perturbations generally converge toward the ...
J. D. Annan
VEST: Abstract Vector Calculus Simplification in Mathematica
We present a new package, VEST (Vector Einstein Summation Tools), that performs abstract vector calculus computations in Mathematica. Through the use of index notation, VEST is able to reduce scalar and vector expressions of a very general type using a systematic canonicalization procedure. In addition, utilizing properties of the Levi-Civita symbol, the program can derive types of multi-term vector identities that are not recognized by canonicalization, subsequently applying these to simplify large expressions. In a companion paper [1], we employ VEST in the automation of the calculation of Lagrangians for the single particle guiding center system in plasma physics, a computation which illustrates its ability to handle very large expressions. VEST has been designed to be simple and intuitive to use, both for basic checking of work and more involved computations. __________________________________________________
J. Squire, J. Burby and H. Qin
Multiple-description multistage vector quantization
Multistage vector quantization (MSVQ) is a technique for low complexity implementation of high-dimensional quantizers, which has found applications within speech, audio, and image coding. In this paper, a multiple-description MSVQ (MD-MSVQ) targeted ...
Pradeepa Yahampath
Can We Improve the Preprocessing of Photospheric Vector Magnetograms by the Inclusion of Chromospheric Observations?
The solar magnetic field is key to understanding the physical processes in the solar atmosphere. Nonlinear force-free codes have been shown to be useful in extrapolating the coronal field upward from underlying vector boundary data. However, we can only measure the magnetic field vector routinely with high accuracy in the photosphere, and unfortunately these data do not fulfill the force-free condition. We must therefore apply some transformations to these data before nonlinear force-free extrapolation codes can be self-consistently applied. To this end, we have developed a minimization procedure that yields a more chromosphere-like field, using the measured photospheric field vectors as input. The procedure includes force-free consistency integrals, spatial smoothing, and -- newly included in the version presented here -- an improved match to the field direction as inferred from fibrils as can be observed in, e.g., chromospheric H$\\alpha$ images. We test the procedure using a model active-region field that included buoyancy forces at the photospheric level. The proposed preprocessing method allows us to approximate the chromospheric vector field to within a few degrees and the free energy in the coronal field to within one percent.
T. Wiegelmann; J. K. Thalmann; C. J. Schrijver; M. L. Derosa; T. R. Metcalf
Poynting-vector based method for determining the bearing and location of electromagnetic sources
A method and apparatus is utilized to determine the bearing and/or location of sources, such as, alternating current (A.C.) generators and loads, power lines, transformers and/or radio-frequency (RF) transmitters, emitting electromagnetic-wave energy for which a Poynting-Vector can be defined. When both a source and field sensors (electric and magnetic) are static, a bearing to the electromagnetic source can be obtained. If a single set of electric (E) and magnetic (B) sensors are in motion, multiple measurements permit location of the source. The method can be extended to networks of sensors allowing determination of the location of both stationary and moving sources.
Simons, David J. (Modesto, CA); Carrigan, Charles R. (Tracy, CA); Harben, Philip E. (Livermore, CA); Kirkendall, Barry A. (Golden, CO); Schultz, Craig A. (Danville, CA)
Higher Teichm\\"uller Spaces: from SL(2,R) to other Lie groups
The first part of this paper surveys several characterizations of Teichm\\"uller space as a subset of the space of representation of the fundamental group of a surface into PSL(2,R). Special emphasis is put on (bounded) cohomological invariants which generalize when PSL(2,R) is replace by a Lie group of Hermitian type. The second part discusses underlying structures of the two families of higher Teichm\\"uller spaces, namely the space of maximal representations for Lie groups of Hermitian type and the space of Hitchin representations or positive representations for split real simple Lie groups.
Burger, Marc; Wienhard, Anna
Magnetic Properties
...Since the discovery of high-temperature superconductors in 1986 (Ref 10), the demonstration of magnetic flux exclusion
Magnetic Imaging
... data-storage and permanent magnets with increased energy products, in ... Optimization of future materials, including improved yields, requires an ...
Magnetic Storms
... magnetic reversal. As there is no predictive science of geomagnetism, we currently lack even simple forecasts. Our scientific ...
The generalized Harish-Chandra homomorphism for Hecke algebras of real reductive Lie groups
For complex reductive Lie algebras g, the classical Harish-Chandra homomorphism allows to link irreducible finite dimensional representations of g to those of certain subalgebras l. The Casselman-Osborne theorem establishes ...
Bernhardt, Karen, 1977-
Simple relations among E2 matrix elements of low-lying collective states
A method is developed to derive simple relations among the reduced matrix elements of the quadrupole operator between low-lying collective states. As an example, the fourth order scalars of Q are considered. The accuracy and validity of the proposed relations is checked for the ECQF Hamiltonian of the IBM-1 in the whole parameter space of the Casten triangle. Furthermore these relations are successfully tested for low-lying collective states in nuclei for which all relevant data is available.
V. Werner; P. von Brentano; R. V. Jolos
Dictionary Design Algorithms for Vector Map Compression
TThe enormous size of vector maps and limited storage available in hand-held devices... The cluster centroids obtained becomes our dictionary. Based on this dictionary, we encode the vector dataset that we obtained earlier. Since each vector would now be assigned to a particular cluster, that vector would now be represented in terms of a reference to that cluster's centroid entry in the dictionary. We formally show that this proposed dictionary construction approach often yields a lower error of approximation than the error from conventional fixed dictionary techniques. Experimental results with a road map representing the major US Highways confirm the superiority of the proposed method in yielding lower errors of approximations for a fixed size dictionary [1]. In our future work we would like to experiment on different differential vector schemes. The general purpose clustering algorithm aims at minimizing the total square error. When a user tolerant accuracy level for each road segment is specified, the clustering algorithm needs to be modified to meet this requirement.
Shashi Shekhar; Yan Huang; Judy Djugash
Spin precession modulation in a magnetic bilayer
We report on modulation of the spin precession in a Co/garnet bilayer by femtosecond laser excitation using time-resolved magneto-optical tools. Damped oscillations in the Faraday rotation transients representing precessional motion of the magnetization vector are observed in both the 2 nm Co layer and 1.8 {mu}m garnet of the bilayer with distinct frequencies differing by about a factor of two. The excitation efficiency of these precessions strongly depends on the out-of-plane magnetic field. The modulation effect with the coupling in a magnetic bilayer can be useful for non-thermally controlling the magnetization of nanomagnets and ultrafast switching in magnetic nanodevices.
Stupakiewicz, A.; Maziewski, A. [Laboratory of Magnetism, Faculty of Physics, University of Bialystok, Lipowa 41, Bialystok (Poland); Pashkevich, M. [Laboratory of Magnetism, Faculty of Physics, University of Bialystok, Lipowa 41, Bialystok (Poland); Scientific-Practical Materials Research Centre of the NASB, P. Brovki 19, Minsk (Belarus); Stognij, A.; Novitskii, N. [Scientific-Practical Materials Research Centre of the NASB, P. Brovki 19, Minsk (Belarus)
Method and means for measuring the anisotropy of a plasma in a magnetic field
Anisotropy is measured of a free-free-bremsstrahlungradiation-generating plasma in a magnetic field by collimating the free-free bremsstrahlung radiation in a direction normal to the magnetic field and scattering the collimated free- free bremsstrahlung radiation to resolve the radiation into its vector components in a plane parallel to the electric field of the bremsstrahlung radiation. The scattered vector components are counted at particular energy levels in a direction parallel to the magnetic field and also normal to the magnetic field of the plasma to provide a measure of anisotropy of the plasma. (Official Gazette)
Shohet, J.L.; Greene, D.G.S.
Phenomenology of heavy vector-like leptons
We study the impact that a heavy generation of vector-like leptons can have on the value of the electric dipole moment of the electron, and the rates for the flavor violating processes mu --> e gamma and mu --> 3e. The smallness of the charged lepton masses suggests that at least some of the Yukawa coupling constants of the vector-like leptons to the ordinary leptons or amongst themselves are small, but even with such small couplings experiments trying to detect these quantities are sensitive to extra generation lepton masses up to about 100 TeV.
Koji Ishiwata; Mark B. Wise
Orientation Angles of a Pulsar's Polarization Vector
A statistical model of the polarization of pulsar radio emission is used to derive the general statistics of a polarization vector's orientation angles. The theoretical distributions are compared with orientation angle histograms computed from single-pulse, polarization observations of PSR B2020+28. The favorable agreement between the theoretical and measured distributions lends support to the underlying assumptions of the statistical model, and demonstrates, like recent work on other pulsars, that the handedness of circular polarization is associated with the radiation's orthogonally polarized modes. Comprehensive directional statistics of the vector's orientation angles are also derived, and are shown to follow the Watson bipolar and Fisher distributions in its limiting forms.
Mark M. McKinnon
Magnetic Materials
Oct 27, 2009 ... Extreme magnetic fields (>2 tesla), especially when combined with temperature, are being shown to revolutionize materials processing and�...
Gas quantitative analysis with support vector machine
Gas sensor array is an important part of electronic nose. The gas analysis performance of electronic nose is affected badly by the cross sensitivity of gas sensor array. In order to solve the problem of the cross sensitivity, in this work a new method ... Keywords: electronic nose, gas mixture, quantitative analysis, support vector machine
Liang Xie; Xiaodong Wang
Learning word vectors for sentiment analysis
Unsupervised vector-based approaches to semantics can model rich lexical meanings, but they largely fail to capture sentiment information that is central to many word meanings and important for a wide range of NLP tasks. We present a model that uses ...
Andrew L. Maas; Raymond E. Daly; Peter T. Pham; Dan Huang; Andrew Y. Ng; Christopher Potts
Preprocessing unbalanced data using support vector machine
This paper deals with the application of support vector machine (SVM) to deal with the class imbalance problem. The objective of this paper is to examine the feasibility and efficiency of SVM as a preprocessor. Our study analyzes different classification ... Keywords: COIL data, Hybrid method, Preprocessor, SVM, Unbalanced data
M. A. H. Farquad; Indranil Bose
Quantum interferences in the $?N \\to e^+e^- N$ reaction close to the vector meson production threshold
The exclusive photoproduction of $e^+e^-$ pairs from nucleons close to the vector meson production threshold ($1.4electromagnetic and reflect mostly the nucleon magnetic structure. The $\\gamma N\\to e^+e^- N$ amplitudes arising from vector meson production and decay are derived from $\\gamma N\\to \\rho^0 N$ and $\\gamma N \\to \\omega N$ amplitudes supplemented by the Vector Meson Dominance assumption. The vector meson photoproduction amplitudes are calculated using a relativistic and unitary coupled-channel approach to meson-nucleon scattering. They depend sensitively on the coupling of vector fields to baryon resonances. The $\\gamma N \\to e^+e^- N$ differential cross sections display interference patterns. The interference of Bethe-Heitler pair production with vector meson $e^+e^-$ decay is quite small in the domain of validity of our model for all angles of the emitted $e^+e^-$ pair. The interference of $\\rho^0$- and $\\omega$-mesons in the $e^+e^-$ channel can be large. It is constructive for the $\\gamma p \\to e^+e^- p$ reaction and destructive for the $\\gamma n \\to e^+e^- n$ reaction. We discuss the shape and magnitude of the $e^+e^-$ pair spectra produced in the $\\gamma p \\to e^+e^- p$ and $\\gamma n \\to e^+e^- n$ reactions as functions of the pair emission angle and of the total center of mass energy $\\sqrt s$.
Matthias F. M. Lutz; Madeleine Soyeur
Mit Hilfe der Technologie supraleitender Magnete lassen sich in Mit Hilfe der Technologie supraleitender Magnete lassen sich in Ringbeschleunigern höhere Energien erreichen. Weil supraleitende Spulen keinen elektrischen Widerstand aufweisen, können damit stärkere Magnetfelder erzeugt werden. In normal leitenden Elektromagneten wird - wegen des elektrischen Widerstands der Drähte - die Spule aufgeheizt. Auf diese Weise geht sehr viel Energie in Form von Wärme verloren, was die Energiekosten dieser Magnete in die Höhe treibt. Supraleitende Spulen erlauben es, Magnete grosser Feldstärke unter günstigen Bedingungen zu betreiben und damit die Energiekosten zu senken. Durch den Einbau supraleitender Spulen in den Ringbeschleuniger von Fermilab konnte dessen Energie verdoppelt werden.Auch der im Bau befindliche "Large Hadron Collider" am CERN wird supraleitende Magnete
Magnetic nanotubes
A magnetic nanotube includes bacterial magnetic nanocrystals contacted onto a nanotube which absorbs the nanocrystals. The nanocrystals are contacted on at least one surface of the nanotube. A method of fabricating a magnetic nanotube includes synthesizing the bacterial magnetic nanocrystals, which have an outer layer of proteins. A nanotube provided is capable of absorbing the nanocrystals and contacting the nanotube with the nanocrystals. The nanotube is preferably a peptide bolaamphiphile. A nanotube solution and a nanocrystal solution including a buffer and a concentration of nanocrystals are mixed. The concentration of nanocrystals is optimized, resulting in a nanocrystal to nanotube ratio for which bacterial magnetic nanocrystals are immobilized on at least one surface of the nanotubes. The ratio controls whether the nanocrystals bind only to the interior or to the exterior surfaces of the nanotubes. Uses include cell manipulation and separation, biological assay, enzyme recovery, and biosensors.
Matsui, Hiroshi (Glen Rock, NJ); Matsunaga, Tadashi (Tokyo, JP)
Charmless Hadronic B Decays into Vector, Axial Vector and Tensor Final States at BaBar
We present experimental measurements of branching fraction and longitudinal polarization fraction in charmless hadronic B decays into vector, axial vector and tensor final states with the final dataset of BABAR. Measurements of such kind of decays are a powerful tool both to test the Standard Model and search possible sources of new physics. In this document we present a short review of the last experimental results at BABAR concerning charmless quasi two-body decays in final states containing particles with spin 1 or spin 2 and different parities. This kind of decays has received considerable theoretical interest in the last few years and this particular attention has led to interesting experimental results at the current b-factories. In fact, the study of longitudinal polarization fraction f{sub L} in charmless B decays to vector vector (VV), vector axial-vector (VA) and axial-vector axial-vector (AA) mesons provides information on the underlying helicity structure of the decay mechanism. Naive helicity conservation arguments predict a dominant longitudinal polarization fraction f{sub L} {approx} 1 for both tree and penguin dominated decays and this pattern seems to be confirmed by tree-dominated B {yields} {rho}{rho} and B{sup +} {yields} {Omega}{rho}{sup +} decays. Other penguin dominated decays, instead, show a different behavior: the measured value of f{sub L} {approx} 0.5 in B {yields} {phi}K* decays is in contrast with naive Standard Model (SM) calculations. Several solutions have been proposed such as the introduction of non-factorizable terms and penguin-annihilation amplitudes, while other explanations invoke new physics. New modes have been investigated to shed more light on the problem.
Gandini, Paolo; /Milan U. /INFN, Milan
PT symmetry, Cartan decompositions, Lie triple systems and Krein space related Clifford algebras
Gauged PT quantum mechanics (PTQM) and corresponding Krein space setups are studied. For models with constant non-Abelian gauge potentials and extended parity inversions compact and noncompact Lie group components are analyzed via Cartan decompositions. A Lie triple structure is found and an interpretation as PT-symmetrically generalized Jaynes-Cummings model is possible with close relation to recently studied cavity QED setups with transmon states in multilevel artificial atoms. For models with Abelian gauge potentials a hidden Clifford algebra structure is found and used to obtain the fundamental symmetry of Krein space related J-selfadjoint extensions for PTQM setups with ultra-localized potentials.
Uwe Guenther; Sergii Kuzhel
Automatic Document Orientation Detection and Categorization through Document Vectorization
Automatic Document Orientation Detection and Categorization through Document Vectorization Shijian, Kent Ridge, 117543 {lusj, firstname.lastname@example.com} ABSTRACT This paper presents an automatic orientation carry out orientation detection and cate- gorization through document vectorization, which encodes
Tan, Chew Lim
A Bahadur Representation of the Linear Support Vector Machine
The support vector machine has been successful in a variety of applications. Also on the theoretical front, statistical properties of the support vector machine have been studied quite extensively with a particular attention to its Bayes risk consistency ...
Ja-Yong Koo; Yoonkyung Lee; Yuwon Kim; Changyi Park
Vector CoGen Inc | Open Energy Information
Open Energy Info (EERE)
CoGen, Inc. Place Carson City, Nevada Zip 89706 Product Vector CoGen produces micro-cogeneration systems for light commercial customers. References Vector CoGen, Inc.1 LinkedIn...
Derivative Estimation from Marginally Sampled Vector Point Functions
Several aspects of the problem of estimating derivatives from an irregular, discrete sample of vector observations are considered. It is shown that one must properly account for transformations from one vector representation to another. if one is ...
Charles A. Doswell III; Fernando Caracena
Geometrical vector flux sinks and ideal flux concentrators
The description of ideal flux concentrators as shapes that do not disturb the geometrical vector flux field is extended to all the known types of ideal flux concentrators. This is accomplished, in part, by the introduction of vector flux sinks.
Greenman, P.
Can (Electric-Magnetic) Duality Be Gauged?
There exists a formulation of the Maxwell theory in terms of two vector potentials, one electric and one magnetic. The action is then manifestly invariant under electric-magnetic duality transformations, which are rotations in the two-dimensional internal space of the two potentials, and local. We ask the question: can duality be gauged? The only known and battled-tested method of accomplishing the gauging is the Noether procedure. In its decanted form, it amounts to turn on the coupling by deforming the abelian gauge group of the free theory, out of whose curvatures the action is built, into a non-abelian group which becomes the gauge group of the resulting theory. In this article, we show that the method cannot be successfully implemented for electric-magnetic duality. We thus conclude that, unless a radically new idea is introduced, electric-magnetic duality cannot be gauged. The implication of this result for supergravity is briefly discussed.
Claudio Bunster; Marc Henneaux
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Laboratory
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Laboratory. ... A 600 MHz Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectrometer. Analytical Data Compilation Reference Materials. ...
Approximate gauge symmetry of composite vector bosons
It can be shown in a solvable field theory model that the couplings of the composite vector bosons made of a fermion pair approach the gauge couplings in the limit of strong binding. Although this phenomenon may appear accidental and special to the vector bosons made of a fermion pair, we extend it to the case of bosons being constituents and find that the same phenomenon occurs in a more intriguing way. The functional formalism not only facilitates computation but also provides us with a better insight into the generating mechanism of approximate gauge symmetry, in particular, how the strong binding and global current conservation conspire to generate such an approximate symmetry. Remarks are made on its possible relevance or irrelevance to electroweak and higher symmetries.
Suzuki, Mahiko [Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720 (United States)
Approximate gauge symemtry of composite vector bosons
It can be shown in a solvable field theory model that the couplings of the composite vector mesons made of a fermion pair approach the gauge couplings in the limit of strong binding. Although this phenomenon may appear accidental and special to the vector bosons made of a fermion pair, we extend it to the case of bosons being constituents and find that the same phenomenon occurs in more an intriguing way. The functional formalism not only facilitates computation but also provides us with a better insight into the generating mechanism of approximate gauge symmetry, in particular, how the strong binding and global current conservation conspire to generate such an approximate symmetry. Remarks are made on its possible relevance or irrelevance to electroweak and higher symmetries.
Suzuki, Mahiko
Multi-prototype vector-space models of word meaning
Current vector-space models of lexical semantics create a single "prototype" vector to represent the meaning of a word. However, due to lexical ambiguity, encoding word meaning with a single vector is problematic. This paper presents a method that uses ...
Joseph Reisinger; Raymond J. Mooney
Support Vector Machines in High Energy Physics
This lecture will introduce the Support Vector algorithms for classification and regression. They are an application of the so called kernel trick, which allows the extension of a certain class of linear algorithms to the non linear case. The kernel trick will be introduced and in the context of structural risk minimization, large margin algorithms for classification and regression will be presented. Current applications in high energy physics will be discussed.
Anselm Vossen
Supervised Neural Gas for Learning Vector Quantization
In this contribution we combine approaches the generalized leraning vector quantization (GLVQ) with the neighborhood orientented learning in the neural gas network (NG). In this way we obtain a supervised version of the NG what we call supervised NG (SNG). We show that the SNG is more robust than the GLVQ because the neighborhood learning avoids numerically instabilities as it may occur for complicate classification tasks like in the case of multimodal data. 1
Thomas Villmann; Barbara Hammer; Marc Strickert
The Lie Transform Method for perturbations of contravariant antisymmetric tensor fields and its applications to Hamiltonian dynamics
By means of the Schouten calculus for contravariant antisymmetric tensor fields, we apply the Lie transform method to investigate smooth deformations of tensor fields and, in particular, to perturbations of Hamiltonian systems generated by deformations of the Poisson bracket. Using results by Karasev and Vorobiev on the computation of Poisson cohomology we describe infinitesimal generators for the Lie transformations. We give applications to perturbed Euler equations on six dimensional Lie coalgebras and to Hamiltonian systems on Poisson manifolds equipped with Dirac brackets.
Ruben Flores-Espinoza
Learning About Magnets!
the the National High Magnetic Field Laboratory Learning About Name A magnet is a material or object that creates a magnetic fi eld. This fi eld is invisible, but it creates a force that can "attract" or "repel" other magnets and magnetic materials, like iron or nickel. What is a Magnet? This bar magnet is a permanent magnet. Permanent magnets can be found in the Earth as rocks and metals. Magnets have
The formation and the temporal evolution of a bipolar moving magnetic feature (MMF) was studied with high-spatial and temporal resolution. The photometric properties were observed with the New Solar Telescope at Big Bear Solar Observatory using a broadband TiO filter (705.7 nm), while the magnetic field was analyzed using the spectropolarimetric data obtained by Hinode. For the first time, we observed a bipolar MMF simultaneously in intensity images and magnetic field data, and studied the details of its structure. The vector magnetic field and the Doppler velocity of the MMF were also studied. A bipolar MMF with its positive polarity closer to the negative penumbra formed, accompanied by a bright, filamentary structure in the TiO data connecting the MMF and a dark penumbral filament. A fast downflow ({<=}2 km s{sup -1}) was detected at the positive polarity. The vector magnetic field obtained from the full Stokes inversion revealed that a bipolar MMF has a U-shaped magnetic field configuration. Our observations provide a clear intensity counterpart of the observed MMF in the photosphere, and strong evidence of the connection between the MMF and the penumbral filament as a serpentine field.
Lim, Eun-Kyung; Yurchyshyn, Vasyl; Goode, Philip, E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com [Big Bear Solar Observatory, New Jersey Institute of Technology, 40386 North Shore Lane, Big Bear City, CA 92314-9672 (United States)
Sitting, standing, and lying in frames: a frame-based approach to posture verbs
Posture verbs which allow for an extended locative use, such as sit, stand and lie, make reference to specific parts of the localized object, to the orientation of prominent object axes and to positional information, which are perceived ... Keywords: French, German, Korean, extended locative use, frame analysis, object schemata, posture verbs
Thomas Gamerschlag; Wiebke Petersen; Liane Str�bel
Iterative Solutions for Low Lying Excited States of a Class of Schroedinger Equation
The convergent iterative procedure for solving the groundstate Schroedinger equation is extended to derive the excitation energy and the wave function of the low-lying excited states. The method is applied to the one-dimensional quartic potential problem. The results show that the iterative solution converges rapidly when the coupling $g$ is not too small.
R. Friedberg; T. D. Lee; W. Q. Zhao
Quantum Computing and Lie Theory Feynman's suggestion that the only effective way to model quantum phe-
Quantum Computing and Lie Theory Feynman's suggestion that the only effective way to model quantum phe- nomena on a computer would be to build a computer that made use of quantum mechanics was one of the cornerstones of the birth of quantum com- puting. In his later years he studied both classical and quantum
D'Agnolo, Andrea
The classification of maps between the classifying spaces of Lie groups
(i ) + Z(i ) - 1 - 2) � J All this follows from the Atiyah�Hirzebruch results in [2J relating the complex representation ring, R(G) ) of a compact connected Lie group G � t o KU (BG) 0 KUO(BSp (1) ~ Z[[.v(1) JJ from above. Put y = y (1) 0 17 Let Ch...
Mahmud, Zafer
A Comment on the calculation of the Lie algebra cocycle in the book Loop Groups
An expression for the Lie algebra cocycle corresponding to the central extension of the group GLres(H) is derived in the book Loop Groups [1]. It will be shown in this paper that some of the terms in this expression are ambiguous and in order to be evaluated correctly the trace operation must be properly defined.
Dan Solomon
A method for computing the generating function of the characters of simple Lie algebras
We describe a general method, based on elementary considerations, to obtain the generating functions of the characters of simple Lie algebras. We show how the method works by means of a few examples involving some low rank classical algebras. As an application, we compute several generating functions for the weight multiplicities of the irreducible representations of these algebras.
J. Fern�ndez N��ez; W. Garc�a Fuertes; A. M. Perelomov
The spectral density of the scattering matrix of the magnetic Schrodinger operator for high energies
The scattering matrix of the Schrodinger operator with smooth short-range electric and magnetic potentials is considered. The asymptotic density of the eigenvalues of this scattering matrix in the high energy regime is determined. An explicit formula for this density is given. This formula involves only the magnetic vector-potential.
Daniel Bulger; Alexander Pushnitski
Momentum transfer resolved memory in a magnetic system with perpendicular anisotropy
We have used resonant, coherent soft x-ray scattering to measure wave vector re- solved magnetic domain memory in Co/Pd multilayers. The technique uses angular cross correlation functions and can be applied to any system with circular annuli of constant values of scattering wave vector q. In our Co/Pd film, the memory exhibits a maximum at q = 0.0384 nm-1 near initial reversal that decreases in magnitude as the magnetization is further reversed. The peak is attributed to bubble domains that nucleate reproducibly near initial reversal and which grow into a labyrinth domain structure that is not reproduced from one magnetization cycle to the next.
Seu, Keoki; Roy, Sujoy; Su, Run; Parks, Daniel; Shipton, Erik; Fullerton, Eric; Kevan, Stephen
Neutrino magnetic moment in a magnetized plasma
The contribution of a magnetized plasma to the neutrino magnetic moment is calculated. It is shown that only part of the additional neutrino energy in magnetized plasma connecting with its spin and magnetic field strength defines the neutrino magnetic moment. It is found that the presence of magnetized plasma does not lead to the considerable increase of the neutrino magnetic moment in contrast to the results presented in literature previously.
N. V. Mikheev; E. N. Narynskaya
Quantum Computation with Magnetic Clusters
We propose a complete, quantitative quantum computing system which satisfies the five DiVincenzo criteria. The model is based on magnetic clusters with uniaxial anisotropy, where standard, two-state qubits are formed utilizing the two lowest-lying states of an anisotropic potential energy. We outline the quantum dynamics required by quantum computing for single qubit structures, and then define a novel measurement scheme in which qubit sates can be measured by sharp changes in current as voltage across the cluster is varied. We then extend the single qubit description to multiple qubit interactions, facilitated specifically by a new entanglement method which propagates the controlled-NOT (C-NOT) quantum gate.
Daniel D. Dorroh; Serkay Olmez; Jian-Ping Wang
This work presents an improved variant of the Direct Torque Control (DTC) for a Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (PMSM). The improved DTC use a higher
Magnet Synchronous Motor (PMSM). The improved DTC use a higher number of voltage space vectors;Contents I Introduction 5 Chapter 1 Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor 6 1.1 Derivation of motor equations Voltage Source Inverter PMSM Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor 4 #12;I. Introduction Direct Torque
Johansson, Karl Henrik
Magnetization Characterization Laboratory
... use of magnetic materials for motors, generators, transformers ... all depend on the specific magnetic characteristics of ... For example, a magnet used in ...
Scale Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage Plant", IEEEfor SlIperconducting Magnetic Energy Storage Unit", inSuperconducting Magnetic Energy Storage Plant, Advances in
Hassenzahl, W.
Standoff Target Tracking using a Vector Field for Multiple Unmanned Aircrafts
This paper presents strategies for standoff target tracking by a team of unmanned aircrafts using vector field. Many methods to the vector field approach were investigated in other papers, but a modified vector field is introduced to obtain new interesting ... Keywords: Cooperative control, Target tracking, UAV, Vector field, Vector field control, Vector field guidance
Seunghan Lim; Yeongju Kim; Dongjin Lee; Hyochoong Bang
An electronic grid is designed employing magnetic forces for controlling the passage of charged particles. The grid is particularly applicable to use in gas-filled tubes such as ignitrons. thyratrons, etc., since the magnetic grid action is impartial to the polarity of the charged particles and, accordingly. the sheath effects encountered with electrostatic grids are not present. The grid comprises a conductor having sections spaced apart and extending in substantially opposite directions in the same plane, the ends of the conductor being adapted for connection to a current source.
Post, R.F.
Twist Accumulation and Topology Structure of a Solar Magnetic Flux Rope
To study the build up of a magnetic flux rope before a major flare and coronal mass ejection (CME), we compute the magnetic helicity injection, twist accumulation, and the topology structure of the three dimensional magnetic field, which is derived by the nonlinear force-free field model. The Extreme-ultraviolet Imaging Telescope on board the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory observed a series of confined flares without any CME before a major flare with a CME at 23:02 UT on 2005 January 15 in active region NOAA 10720. We derive the vector velocity at eight time points from 18:27 UT to 22:20 UT with the differential affine velocity estimator for vector magnetic fields, which were observed by the Digital Vector Magnetograph at Big Bear Solar Observatory. The injected magnetic helicity is computed with the vector magnetic and velocity fields. The helicity injection rate was (-16.47 \\pm 3.52) \\times 10^{40} Mx^2/hr. We find that only about 1.8% of the injected magnetic helicity became finally the internal helici...
Guo, Y; Cheng, X; Zhao, J; Pariat, E
Bifurcation diagram and the discriminant of a spectral curve of integrable systems on Lie algebras
A bifurcation diagram is a stratified (in general, nonclosed) set and is one of the efficient tools of studying the topology of the Liouville foliation. In the framework of the present paper, the coincidence of the closure of a bifurcation diagram {Sigma}-bar of the moment map defined by functions obtained by the method of argument shift with the closure of the discriminant D-bar{sub z} of a spectral curve is proved for the Lie algebras sl(n+1), sp(2n), so(2n+1), and g{sub 2}. Moreover, it is proved that these sets are distinct for the Lie algebra so(2n). Bibliography: 22 titles.
Konyaev, Andrei Yu [M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Mechanics and Mathematics, Moscow (Russian Federation)
Light Vector Mesons in the Nuclear Medium
The light vector mesons ($\\rho$, $\\omega$, and $\\phi$) were produced in deuterium, carbon, titanium, and iron targets in a search for possible in-medium modifications to the properties of the $\\rho$ meson at normal nuclear densities and zero temperature. The vector mesons were detected with the CEBAF Large Acceptance Spectrometer (CLAS) via their decays to $e^{+}e^{-}$. The rare leptonic decay was chosen to reduce final-state interactions. A combinatorial background was subtracted from the invariant mass spectra using a well-established event-mixing technique. The $\\rho$ meson mass spectrum was extracted after the $\\omega$ and $\\phi$ signals were removed in a nearly model-independent way. Comparisons were made between the $\\rho$ mass spectra from the heavy targets ($A > 2$) with the mass spectrum extracted from the deuterium target. With respect to the $\\rho$-meson mass, we obtain a small shift compatible with zero. Also, we measure widths consistent with standard nuclear many-body effects such as collisional broadening and Fermi motion.
M. H. Wood; R. Nasseripour; D. P. Weygand; C. Djalali; C. Tur; U. Mosel; P. Muehlich; CLAS Collaboration
Direct observation of dynamics of single spinning dust grains in weakly magnetized complex plasma
The rotational dynamics of single dust grains in a weak magnetic field is investigated on a kinetic level. Experiments reveal spin-up of spherical dust grains and alignment of their magnetic moments parallel to the magnetic induction vector. The angular velocity of spinning prolate grains varies as magnetic induction increases to 250 G. Spinning dust grains are found to flip over only when the magnetic field magnitude is changing. The results demonstrate that dusty plasma has paramagnetic properties. Qualitative interpretations are proposed to explain newly discovered phenomena.
Dzlieva, E. S.; Karasev, V. Yu., E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com [St. Petersburg State University, Institute of Physics (Russian Federation); Petrov, O. F. [Russian Academy of Sciences, Institute for High Energy Densities, Joint Institute for High Temperatures (Russian Federation)
Does a proton "bubble" structure exist in the low-lying states of 34Si?
The possible existence of a "bubble" structure in the proton density of $^{34}$Si has recently attracted a lot of research interest. To examine the existence of the "bubble" structure in low-lying states, we establish a relativistic version of configuration mixing of both particle number and angular momentum projected quadrupole deformed mean-field states and apply this state-of-the-art beyond relativistic mean-field method to study the density distribution of the low-lying states in $^{34}$Si. An excellent agreement with the data of low-spin spectrum and electric multipole transition strengths is achieved without introducing any parameters. We find that the central depression in the proton density is quenched by dynamic quadrupole shape fluctuation, but not as significantly as what has been found in a beyond non-relativistic mean-field study. Our results suggest that the existence of proton "bubble" structure in the low-lying excited $0^+_2$ and $2^+_1$ states is very unlikely.
J. M. Yao; H. Mei; Z. P. Li
Questions about Magnets
off just the north (or just the south) end of a magnet? Are magnets stronger than gravity? Hold a magnet in the air. Place a nail against it. The magnet holds the nail up...
Vector Higgs bosons and possible suppression of flavorchanging neutral current
We replace the scalar Higgs doublet with a vector Higgs boson doublet to the unified electroweak W-S model and find most of important features of W-S model are kept unchanged only the Higgs boson now become vector bosons. Lorentz invariance has been carefully discussed. The most important challenge is there will be three massless vector Higgs bosons. The remarkable effect is the possible suppression of the flavorchanging neutral current compare to the multi-Higgs model.
Xiao Yu Qian
Secret Sharing Scheme: Vector Space Secret Sharing and F Function
Let ${\\cal P}=\\{P_{1}, P_{2}, ..., P_{n}\\}$ be set of participants and $\\Gamma=\\{B_{i}| B_{i}\\subset {\\cal P}, 1\\leq i \\leq k \\}$ be access structure. Vector space secret sharing realizing access structure $\\Gamma$ requires existence of function $\\phi ... Keywords: Cryptography,Bismuth,Vectors,Computer science,Ignition,Nuclear weapons,Indium tin oxide,vector space sharing,Cryptography,secret sharing scheme,access structure
Mustafa Atici
Diffractive Production of Jets and Vector Bosons at the Tevatron
Recent results on diffractive dijet and vector boson production and exclusive dijet production from the Collider Detector at Fermilab (CDF) experiment are presented.
Kenichi Hatakeyama; for the CDF Collaboration
Hybrid MPI/OpenMP parallel support vector machine training
Jan 6, 2009 ... Support Vector Machines are a powerful machine learning technol- ..... to the precision recall curve were evaluated on the Challenge web-.
Jan 12, 2009 ... A parallel implementation of Support Vector Machine training has been developed, using a combination of MPI and OpenMP. Using an interior�...
Exploiting separability in large-scale Support Vector Machine training
Aug 8, 2007 ... Abstract: Linear support vector machine training can be represented as a large quadratic program. We present an efficient and numerically�...
On the convergence of the projected gradient method for vector ...
Sep 30, 2009... for portfolio selection in security markets vector-valued problems, ...... and assimilative capacity-based ocean disposal decisions, Eur. J. Oper.
Solving $k$-Nearest Vector Problem on Multiple Graphics Processors
In a recommendation system, customers' preferences are encoded into vectors, and finding the nearest vectors to each vector is an essential part. We define this part of problem as a $k$-nearest vector problem and give an effective algorithm to solve it on multiple graphics processor units (GPUs). By an experiment, we show that when the size of the problem is large, an implementation of the algorithm on two GPUs runs more than 260 times faster than a single core implementation on a latest CPU. We also show that our algorithm scales well with respect to the number of GPUs.
Kato, Kimikazu
Vector Representation as a Tool for Detecting Characteristic Uranium Peaks.
??Vector representation is found as a viable tool for identifying the presence of and determining the difference between enriched and naturally occurring uranium. This was� (more)
Forney, Anne Marie
Development Of Active Seismic Vector-Wavefield Imaging Technology...
This report describes the development and testing of vector-wavefield seismic sources that can generate shear (S) waves that may be valuable in geothermal exploration and...
A general theory of connectivity and current sheets in coronal magnetic fields anchored to discrete sources
A general theory of connectivity and current sheets in coronal magnetic fields anchored to discrete are current-free within each domain, and contain singular currents along each of the field's separators. 1 suggested, from reconnection along the single field line lying at the interface of the four resulting flux
Longcope, Dana
Vector Japan Co Ltd | Open Energy Information
Japan Co Ltd Japan Co Ltd Jump to: navigation, search Name Vector Japan Co Ltd Place Tokyo, Japan Zip 100-0011 Product Japanese scrap silicon re-seller with availability of 15t per month. Coordinates 35.670479°, 139.740921° Loading map... {"minzoom":false,"mappingservice":"googlemaps3","type":"ROADMAP","zoom":14,"types":["ROADMAP","SATELLITE","HYBRID","TERRAIN"],"geoservice":"google","maxzoom":false,"width":"600px","height":"350px","centre":false,"title":"","label":"","icon":"","visitedicon":"","lines":[],"polygons":[],"circles":[],"rectangles":[],"copycoords":false,"static":false,"wmsoverlay":"","layers":[],"controls":["pan","zoom","type","scale","streetview"],"zoomstyle":"DEFAULT","typestyle":"DEFAULT","autoinfowindows":false,"kml":[],"gkml":[],"fusiontables":[],"resizable":false,"tilt":0,"kmlrezoom":false,"poi":true,"imageoverlays":[],"markercluster":false,"searchmarkers":"","locations":[{"text":"","title":"","link":null,"lat":35.670479,"lon":139.740921,"alt":0,"address":"","icon":"","group":"","inlineLabel":"","visitedicon":""}]}
Independence Test for High Dimensional Random Vectors
This paper proposes a new mutual independence test for a large number of high dimensional random vectors. The test statistic is based on the characteristic function of the empirical spectral distribution of the sample covariance matrix. The asymptotic distributions of the test statistic under the null and local alternative hypotheses are established as dimensionality and the sample size of the data are comparable. We apply this test to examine multiple MA(1) and AR(1) models, panel data models with some spatial cross-sectional structures. In addition, in a flexible applied fashion, the proposed test can capture some dependent but uncorrelated structures, for example, nonlinear MA(1) models, multiple ARCH(1) models and vandermonde matrices. Simulation results are provided for detecting these dependent structures. An empirical study of dependence between closed stock prices of several companies from New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) demonstrates that the feature of cross--sectional dependence is popular in stock m...
Pan, G M; Yang, Y; Guo, M
II II Painless Physics Articles BEAM COOLING August 2, 1996 By Leila Belkora, Office of Public Affairs ACCELERATION August 16, 1996 By Dave Finley, Accelerator Division Head RF August 30, 1996 By Pat Colestock, Accelerator Division FIXED TARGET PHYSICS September 20, 1996 By Peter H. Garbincius, Physics Section FIXED TARGET PHYSICS PART DEUX October 16, 1996 By Peter H. Garbincius, Physics Section and Leila Belkora, Office of Public Affaris CROSS SECTION November 1, 1996 By Doreen Wackeroth, Theoretical Physics Edited by Leila Belkora, Office of Public Affaris MAGNETS PART I November 15, 1996 By Hank Glass, Technical Support Section Edited by Donald Sena, Office of Public Affairs MAGNETS PART II January 10, 1997 By Hank Glass, Technical Support Section Edited by Donald Sena, Office of Public Affairs
Magnetic Reconnection
We review the fundamental physics of magnetic reconnection in laboratory and space plasmas, by discussing results from theory, numerical simulations, observations from space satellites, and the recent results from laboratory plasma experiments. After a brief review of the well-known early work, we discuss representative recent experimental and theoretical work and attempt to interpret the essence of significant modern findings. In the area of local reconnection physics, many significant findings have been made with regard to two- uid physics and are related to the cause of fast reconnection. Profiles of the neutral sheet, Hall currents, and the effects of guide field, collisions, and micro-turbulence are discussed to understand the fundamental processes in a local reconnection layer both in space and laboratory plasmas. While the understanding of the global reconnection dynamics is less developed, notable findings have been made on this issue through detailed documentation of magnetic self-organization phenomena in fusion plasmas. Application of magnetic reconnection physics to astrophysical plasmas is also brie y discussed.
Masaaki Yamada, Russell Kulsrud and Hantao Ji
Analysis of new experimental data on the {sup 160}Dy spectrum with the symplectic interacting vector boson model
Analysis of the recently obtained experimental data for a lot of collective states of {sup 160}Dy is presented. Classification of the low-lying states with positive parity 0{sup +},2{sup +},4{sup +},6{sup +} is performed. The energies of rotational high-spin states of the ground, S,{gamma} and two negative-parity bands are described in the framework of the interacting vector boson model. The energies of the bands are reproduced with high accuracy using only one set of model parameters for all bands. A more detailed investigation of the results is performed by calculation and comparison with experiment of the high-order odd-even staggering effects between states from different pairs of bands.
Solnyshkin, A.A.; Burov, V.V. [Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna (Russian Federation); Garistov, V.P. [Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna (Russian Federation); Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy, BAS, Sofia (Bulgaria); Georgieva, A.; Ganev, H. [Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy, BAS, Sofia (Bulgaria)
Vector analyzing power of {pi}{sup +7}Li scattering in the region of the {delta}{sub 33} resonance
Within Glauber diffraction theory, the vector analyzing power iT{sub 11} is calculated at three energies of positively charged pions, 134, 164, and 194 MeV, incident to {sup 7}Li nuclei. These energy values lie in the region of the {delta}{sub 33} resonance in {pi}{sup {+-}}N interaction, the resonance maximum being at 180 MeV. The calculation of iT{sub 11} was performed with several model {sup 7}Li wave functions, including the {alpha}t-cluster and shell-model ones. The properties of {pi}{sup +7}Li scattering are found to be sensitive to the structural features of the target nucleus. A comparison of the results of the calculations with experimental data shows that the wave functions in question and the potentials used to calculate them are quite appropriate.
Ibraeva, E. T. [National Nuclear Center of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Institute of Nuclear Physics (Kazakhstan); Zhusupov, M. A. [Kazakh State University, Institute of Experimental and Theoretical Physics (Kazakhstan); Zaykin, A. Yu. [National Nuclear Center of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Institute of Nuclear Physics (Kazakhstan); Imambekov, O. [Kazakh State University, Institute of Experimental and Theoretical Physics (Kazakhstan)
Classification of Invariant Differential Operators for Non-Compact Lie Algebras via Parabolic Relations
In the present paper we review the progress of the project of classification and construction of invariant differential operators for non-compact semisimple Lie groups. Our starting points is the class of algebras, which we called earlier 'conformal Lie algebras' (CLA), which have very similar properties to the conformal algebras of Minkowski space-time, though our aim is to go beyond this class in a natural way. For this we introduced recently the new notion of {\\it parabolic relation} between two non-compact semisimple Lie algebras $\\cal G$ and $\\cal G'$ that have the same complexification and possess maximal parabolic subalgebras with the same complexification. Thus, we consider the exceptional algebra $E_{7(7)}$ which is parabolically related to the CLA $E_{7(-25)}$. Other interesting examples are the orthogonal algebras $so(p,q)$ all of which are parabolically related to the conformal algebra $so(n,2)$ with $p+q=n+2$, the parabolic subalgebras including the Lorentz subalgebra $so(n-1,1)$ and its analogs $so(p-1,q-1)$. Further we consider the algebras $sl(2n,R)$ and for $n=2k$ the algebras $su^*(4k)$ which are parabolically related to the CLA $su(n,n)$. Further we consider the algebras $sp(r,r)$ which are parabolically related to the CLA $sp(2r,R)$. We consider also $E_{6(6)}$ and $E_{6(2)}$ which are parabolically related to the hermitian symmetric case $E_{6(-14)}$.
V. K. Dobrev
Optimizing Sparse Data Structures for Matrix-vector Multiply
Sparse matrix�??vector multiply is an important operation in a wide range of problems. One of the key factors determining the performance of this operation is sustained memory bandwidth. In the IBM POWER architecture, there is a hardware component ... Keywords: data stream, prefetch, sparse matrix vector multiply, streamed blocked compressed row storage format, streamed compressed row storage format
D. Guo; W. Gropp
Memory access problems in block cyclic reduction on vector computers
In the present paper, modifications of block cyclic reduction are introduced by which the often significant memory access problems of this method on vector computers can be drastically reduced. The modifications are discussed in the context of an interval ... Keywords: Block cyclic reduction, interval arithmetics, memory access problems, vector computers
Hartmut Schwandt
Cross-lingual information retrieval by feature vectors
This paper investigates query translation in cross-lingual information retrieval, especially the challenges caused by ambiguity and polysemi. We base our ideas on feature vectors and our method uses context during the translation of queries. Achieving ... Keywords: cross-lingual information retrieval, feature vector, query expansion
Jeanine Lilleng; Stein L. Tomassen
Fatigue crack growth estimation by relevance vector machine
The investigation of damage propagation mechanisms on a selected safety-critical component or structure requires the quantification of its remaining useful life (RUL) to verify until when it can continue performing the required function. In this work, ... Keywords: Bayesian techniques, Fatigue crack growth, Prognostics, Relevance vector machine, Residual useful life, Support vector machine
Enrico Zio; Francesco Di Maio
Advanced support vector machines for 802.11 indoor location
Due to the proliferation of ubiquitous computing services, locating a device in indoor scenarios has received special attention during recent years. A variety of algorithms are based on Wi-Fi measurements of the received signal strength and estimate ... Keywords: Autocorrelation kernel, Complex support vector machines, Fingerprinting, IEEE 802.11, Indoor location, Support vector machines
Carlos Figuera; Jos� Luis Rojo-�lvarez; Mark Wilby; Inmaculada Mora-Jim�nez; Antonio J. Caama�o
Monthly streamflow forecasting based on improved support vector machine model
To improve the performance of the support vector machine (SVM) model in predicting monthly streamflow, an improved SVM model with adaptive insensitive factor is proposed in this paper. Meanwhile, considering the influence of noise and the disadvantages ... Keywords: Adaptive insensitive factor, Artificial neural network, Chaos and phase-space reconstruction theory, Streamflow forecast, Support vector machine, Wavelet
Jun Guo; Jianzhong Zhou; Hui Qin; Qiang Zou; Qingqing Li
Investigating asymptotic properties of vector nonlinear time series models
Analyses and simulations of vector nonlinear time series typically run into weeks or even months because the methods used are computationally intensive. Statisticians have been known to base empirical results on a relatively small number of simulation ... Keywords: Dynamic loop scheduling, Vector FCAR models
Ioana Banicescu; Ricolindo L. Cari�O; Jane L. Harvill; John Patrick Lestrade
Overcoming the Limitations of Conventional Vector Processors Christos Kozyrakis
file (VRF), the difficulty of im- plementing precise exceptions for vector instructions, and the high to support all-to-all communication between the functional units, as it is the case with the centralized VRF-processor, a multi-lane vector design with a centralized VRF. For the EEMBC benchmarks and assuming equal die area
Kozyrakis, Christos
Low-lying levels in Cu-57 and the rp process
The level scheme of Cu-57 is investigated via the H-1(Ni-58,Cu-57-gamma)2n reaction by using the recoil mass spectrometer MARS at the Texas AandM Cyclotron Institute. Three low-lying excited states are observed in Cu-57 at 1028 +/- 4, 1106 +/- 4, and 2398 +/- 10 keV. The results are compared with well known excited states of the mirror nucleus Ni-57. Th, measured excited states of Cu-57 allow recalculation of the astrophysical reaction rate for the stellar radiative proton capture reaction Ni-56(p,gamma)Cu-57.
Zhou, XG; Dejbakhsh, H.; Gagliardi, Carl A.; Jiang, J.; Trache, L.; Tribble, Robert E.
Searching for low-lying multi-particle thresholds in lattice spectroscopy
We explore the Euclidean-time tails of odd-parity nucleon correlation functions in a search for the S-wave pion-nucleon scattering-state threshold contribution. The analysis is performed using 2+1 flavor 32^3 x 64 PACS-CS gauge configurations available via the ILDG. Correlation matrices composed with various levels of fermion source/sink smearing are used to project low-lying states. The consideration of 25,600 fermion propagators reveals the presence of more than one state in what would normally be regarded as an eigenstate-projected correlation function. This observation is in accord with the scenario where the eigenstates contain a strong mixing of single and multi-particle states but only the single particle component has a strong coupling to the interpolating field. Employing a two-exponential fit to the eigenvector-projected correlation function, we are able to confirm the presence of two eigenstates. The lower-lying eigenstate is consistent with a N-pi scattering threshold and has a relatively small coupling to the three-quark interpolating field. We discuss the impact of this small scattering-state contamination in the eigenvector projected correlation function on previous results presented in the literature.
M. Selim Mahbub; Waseem Kamleh; Derek B. Leinweber; Anthony G. Williams
Group theoretic, Lie algebraic and Jordan algebraic formulations of the SIC existence problem
Although symmetric informationally complete positive operator valued measures (SIC-POVMs, or SICs for short) have been constructed in every dimension $\\le 67$, a general existence proof remains elusive. The purpose of this paper is to show that the SIC-existence problem is equivalent to three other, on the face of it quite different problems. We hope that these reformulations of the problem will make it more tractable. We also believe that the fact that SICs have these connections to other areas of mathematics is of some intrinsic interest. Specifically, we reformulate the SIC problem in terms of (1) Lie Groups, (2) Lie Algebras and (3) Jordan Algebras (the second result being a greatly strengthened version of one previously obtained by Appleby, Flammia and Fuchs). The connection between these three reformulations is non-trivial: it is not easy to demonstrate their equivalence directly, without appealing to their common equivalence to SIC existence. In the course of our analysis we obtain a number of other results which may be of some independent interest.
D. M. Appleby; Christopher A. Fuchs; Huangjun Zhu
Although symmetric informationally complete positive operator valued measures (SIC POVMs, or SICs for short) have been constructed in every dimension up to 67, a general existence proof remains elusive. The purpose of this paper is to show that the SIC existence problem is equivalent to three other, on the face of it quite different problems. We hope that these reformulations of the problem will make it more tractable. We also believe that the fact that SICs have these connections to other areas of mathematics is of some intrinsic interest. Specifically, we reformulate the SIC problem in terms of (1) Lie groups, (2) Lie algebras and (3) Jordan algebras (the second result being a greatly strengthened version of one previously obtained by Appleby, Flammia and Fuchs). The connection between these three reformulations is non-trivial: It is not easy to demonstrate their equivalence directly, without appealing to their common equivalence to SIC existence. In the course of our analysis we obtain a number of other results which may be of some independent interest.
Magnet innovations for linacs
It is possible to produce large magnetic fields at the aperture of permanent magnet quadrupoles, even when the magnetic aperture is very small. That, combined with their compactness, makes permanent magnet quadrupoles very powerful components of small aperture linacs. Results will be presented about past and present work on both fixed and variable strength permanent magnets suitable for use in and around linacs.
Halbach, K.
Classification of Images Using Support Vector Machines
Support Vector Machines (SVMs) are a relatively new supervised classification technique to the land cover mapping community. They have their roots in Statistical Learning Theory and have gained prominence because they are robust, accurate and are effective even when using a small training sample. By their nature SVMs are essentially binary classifiers, however, they can be adopted to handle the multiple classification tasks common in remote sensing studies. The two approaches commonly used are the One-Against-One (1A1) and One-Against-All (1AA) techniques. In this paper, these approaches are evaluated in as far as their impact and implication for land cover mapping. The main finding from this research is that whereas the 1AA technique is more predisposed to yielding unclassified and mixed pixels, the resulting classification accuracy is not significantly different from 1A1 approach. It is the authors conclusions that ultimately the choice of technique adopted boils down to personal preference and the uniquene...
Anthony, Gidudu; Tshilidzi, Marwala
Superconducting magnet
A superconducting magnet designed to produce magnetic flux densities of the order of 4 to 5 Webers per square meter is constructed by first forming a cable of a plurality of matrixed superconductor wires with each wire of the plurality insulated from each other one. The cable is shaped into a rectangular cross-section and is wound with tape in an open spiral to create cooling channels. Coils are wound in a calculated pattern in saddle shapes to produce desired fields, such as dipoles, quadrupoles, and the like. Wedges are inserted between adjacent cables as needed to maintain substantially radial placement of the long dimensions of cross sections of the cables. After winding, individual strands in each of the cables are brought out to terminals and are interconnected to place all of the strands in series and to maximize the propagation of a quench by alternating conduction from an inner layer to an outer layer and from top half to bottom half as often as possible. Individual layers are separated from others by spiraled aluminum spacers to facilitate cooling. The wound coil is wrapped with an epoxy tape that is cured by heat and then machined to an interference fit with an outer aluminum pipe which is then affixed securely to the assembled coil by heating it to make a shrink fit. In an alternate embodiment, one wire of the cable is made of copper or the like to be heated externally to propagate a quench.
Satti, John A. (Naperville, IL)
Test of the Conserved Vector Current Hypothesis by beta-ray Angular Distribution Measurement in the Mass-8 System
The beta-ray angular correlations for the spin alignments of 8Li and 8B have been observed in order to test the conserved vector current (CVC) hypothesis. The alignment correlation terms were combined with the known beta-alpha-angular correlation terms to determine all the matrix elements contributing to the correlation terms. The weak magnetism term, 7.5\\pm0.2, deduced from the beta-ray correlation terms was consistent with the CVC prediction 7.3\\pm0.2, deduced from the analog-gamma-decay measurement based on the CVC hypothesis. However, there was no consistent CVC prediction for the second-forbidden term associated with the weak vector current. The experimental value for the second-forbidden term was 1.0 \\pm 0.3, while the CVC prediction was 0.1 \\pm 0.4 or 2.1 \\pm 0.5.
T. Sumikama; K. Matsuta; T. Nagatomo; M. Ogura; T. Iwakoshi; Y. Nakashima; H. Fujiwara; M. Fukuda; M. Mihara; K. Minamisono; T. Yamaguchi; T. Minamisono
Magnetic Probe to Study Plasma Jets for Magneto-Inertial Fusion
A probe has been constructed to measure the magnetic field of a plasma jet generated by a pulsed plasma rail-gun. The probe consists of two sets of three orthogonally-oriented commercial chip inductors to measure the three-dimensional magnetic field vector at two separate positions in order to give information about the magnetic field evolution within the jet. The strength and evolution of the magnetic field is one of many factors important in evaluating the use of supersonic plasma jets for forming imploding spherical plasma liners as a standoff driver for magneto-inertial fusion.
Martens, Daniel [Los Alamos National Laboratory; Hsu, Scott C. [Los Alamos National Laboratory
P vectors as a Diagnostic Tool for Synoptic-Scale Circulations
The quasigeostrophic geopotential tendency equation is derived using P vectors in both pressure and entropy coordinates. This vector form of the geostrophic forcing in the geopotential tendency equation is similar to the Q-vector form of the ? ...
Hung-chi Kuo; Wendell A. Nuss
Decaying Singular Vectors and Their Impact on Analysis and Forecast Correction
The full set of kinetic energy singular values and singular vectors for the forward tangent propagator of a quasigeostrophic potential vorticity model is examined. In contrast to the fastest growing singular vectors, the fastest decaying vectors ...
C. A. Reynolds; T. N. Palmer
A Low-power, High-speed Implementation of a PowerPCTM Microprocessor Vector Extension
from the vector register file (VRF--32, 128-bit registers) and produces an operand output vector destined to the VRF. Each element of the vectors is computed in parallel with the same operation depicted
California at Davis, University of
ALS superbend magnet system
ALS Superbend Magnet System J. Zbasnik � , S. T. Wang �� ,of a High-Field Magnet for the ALS,� Transactions AppliedRefrigeration options for the ALS Superbend dipole magnets�,
Magnetics and the body
no magnetic "charges"), such as from electromagnets. Magnetic fields are measured in Tesla (T) or Gauss (G). The Tesla is a very large unit (1 T 10,000 G). Most large magnets...
the National High Magnetic Field Laboratory Learning About Name A magnet is a material or object that creates a magnetic fi eld. This fi eld is invisible, but it creates a force...
Method and system for efficiently searching an encoded vector index
Method and system aspects for efficiently searching an encoded vector index are provided. The aspects include the translation of a search query into a candidate bitmap, and the mapping of data from the candidate bitmap into a search result bitmap according to entry values in the encoded vector index. Further, the translation includes the setting of a bit in the candidate bitmap for each entry in a symbol table that corresponds to candidate of the search query. Also included in the mapping is the identification of a bit value in the candidate bitmap pointed to by an entry in an encoded vector.
Bui, Thuan Quang (Alameda, CA); Egan, Randy Lynn (Rochester, MN); Kathmann, Kevin James (Rochester, MN)
Energy momentum flows for the massive vector field
We present a causal trajectory interpretation for the massive vector field, based on the flows of rest energy and a conserved density defined using the time-like eigenvectors and eigenvalues of the stress-energy-momentum tensor. This work extends our previous work which used a similar procedure for the scalar field. The massive, spin-one, complex vector field is discussed in detail and solutions are classified using the Pauli-Lubanski spin vector. The flows of energy-momentum are illustrated in a simple example of standing waves in a plane.
George Horton; Chris Dewdney
Helical Magnets Project | Superconducting Magnet Division
RHIC, the basic construction unit is a superconducting dipole magnet producing a four tesla dipole field that rotates through 360 degrees in a length of 2.4 meters. The magnets...
Superconducting 30-MJ Energy Storage Coil", Proc. 19 80 ASC,Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage Plant", IEEE Trans.SlIperconducting Magnetic Energy Storage Unit", in Advances
Magnetic Materials Group Homepage
... and simulation to become the driving force in ... develop a real-time magnetic domain imaging ... data-storage and permanent magnets with increased ...
NSLS II: Magnetism
spatial ordering of the magnetic moments that is superimposed on the crystal lattice. Why these atomic magnetic moments survive and how they arrange in the solid is the...
Regenerator for Magnetic Refrigerants
Ames Laboratory researchers have developed a new magnetic material that can be used at low temperatures (sub liquid hydrogen) for magnetic refrigerators.
Magnetization of neutron matter
In this paper, we compute magnetization of neutron matter at strong magnetic field using the lowest order constrained variational (LOCV) technique.
Bigdeli, M. [Department of Physics, Zanjan University, P.O. Box 45195-313, Zanjan (Iran, Islamic Republic of)
RaveGrid: Raster-to-Vector Graphics for Image Data
RaveGrid: Raster-to-Vector Graphics for Image Data. Sriram Swaminarayan and Lakshman Prasad. Converts raster images to scalable . vector images Enables object ...
Exclusive search for Higgs boson to gamma-gamma decay via vector boson fusion production mechanism.
??We perform an exclusive search for the Higgs boson to gamma-gamma decay via vector boson fusion. We utilize the characteristic features of vector boson fusion,� (more)
Rankin, Dylan Sheldon
Absolute magnetic helicity and the cylindrical magnetic field
The different magnetic helicities conserved under conditions of perfect electrical conductivity are expressions of the fundamental property that every evolving fluid surface conserves its net magnetic flux. This basic hydromagnetic point unifies the well known Eulerian helicities with the Lagrangian helicity defined by the conserved fluxes frozen into a prescribed set of disjoint toroidal tubes of fluid flowing as a permanent partition of the entire fluid [B. C. Low, Astrophys. J. 649, 1064 (2006)]. This unifying theory is constructed from first principles, beginning with an analysis of the Eulerian and Lagrangian descriptions of fluids, separating the ideas of fluid and magnetic-flux tubes and removing the complication of the magnetic vector potential's free gauge from the concept of helicity. The analysis prepares for the construction of a conserved Eulerian helicity, without that gauge complication, to describe a 3D anchored flux in an upright cylindrical domain, this helicity called absolute to distinguish it from the well known relative helicity. In a version of the Chandrasekhar-Kendall representation, the evolving field at any instant is a unique superposition of a writhed, untwisted axial flux with a circulating flux of field lines all closed and unlinked within the cylindrical domain. The absolute helicity is then a flux-weighted sum of the writhe of that axial flux and its mutual linkage with the circulating flux. The absolute helicity is also conserved if the frozen-in field and its domain are continuously deformed by changing the separation between the rigid cylinder-ends with no change of cylinder radius. This hitherto intractable cylindrical construction closes a crucial conceptual gap for the fundamentals to be complete at last. The concluding discussion shows the impact of this development on our understanding of helicity, covering (i) the helicities of wholly contained and anchored fields; (ii) the Eulerian and Lagrangian descriptions of field evolution; (iii) twist as a topological property of solenoidal fields versus the linkage properties of open and closed discrete curves treated by Gauss, Caligarneau, Berger, and Prior; and (iv) the change of absolute helicity by resistive diffusion. These are important hydromagnetic properties of twisted magnetic fields in the million-degree hot, highly conducting corona of the Sun.
Low, B. C. [High Altitude Observatory, National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, Colorado 80307 (United States)
On Scalar and Vector Transform Methods for Global Spectral Models
We compare scalare and vector transform methods for global spectral models of the shallow-water equations. For the scalar transform methods, we demonstrate some economies in the number of Legendre transforms required. It is shown that the ...
Clive Temperton
Tensor-based derivation of standard vector identities
Vector algebra is a powerful and needful tool for Physics but unfortunately, due to lack of mathematical skills, it becomes misleading for first undergraduate courses of science and engineering studies. Standard vector identities are usually proved using Cartesian components or geometrical arguments, accordingly. Instead, this work presents a new teaching strategy in order to derive symbolically vector identities without analytical expansions in components, either explicitly or using indicial notation. This strategy is mainly based on the correspondence between three-dimensional vectors and skew-symmetric second-rank tensors. Hence, the derivations are performed from skew tensors and dyadic products, rather than cross products. Some examples of skew-symmetric tensors in Physics are illustrated.
Miguel Angel Rodriguez-Valverde; Maria Tirado-Miranda
A vector-free microfluidic platform for intracellular delivery
Intracellular delivery of macromolecules is a challenge in research and therapeutic applications. Existing vector-based and physical methods have limitations, including their reliance on exogenous materials or electrical ...
Sharei, Armon Reza
Singular Vector Analysis for Atmospheric Chemical Transport Models
The singular vectors of a chemical transport model are the directions of maximum perturbation growth over a finite time interval. They have proved useful for the estimation of error growth, the initialization of ensemble forecasts, and the ...
Wenyuan Liao; Adrian Sandu; Gregory R. Carmichael; Tianfeng Chai
Evaluation of Unambiguous Vector Winds from the Seasat Scatterometer
Ambiguity in wind direction has long been an impediment to applications of wind observations from the Seasat scatterometer (SASS). Three months of unambiguous global SASS vector winds (7 July-10 October 1978) have recently become available from ...
Dudley B. Chelton; Michael H. Freilich; Jerry R. Johnson
Singular Vector Calculations with an Analysis Error Variance Metric
Singular vectors of the navy's global forecast model are calculated using an initial norm consistent with an estimate of analysis error variance provided by the Naval Research Laboratory's (NRL) Atmospheric Variational Data Assimilation System (...
Ronald Gelaro; Thomas Rosmond; Roger Daley
Estimation of Atmospheric Motion Vectors from Kalpana-1 Imagers
The estimation of atmospheric motion vectors from infrared and water vapor channels on the geostationary operational Indian National Satellite System Kalpana-1 has been attempted here. An empirical height assignment technique based on a genetic ...
C. M. Kishtawal; S. K. Deb; P. K. Pal; P. C. Joshi
Singular Vector Structure and Evolution of a Recurving Tropical Cyclone
In this study, the structure and evolution of total energy singular vectors (SVs) of Typhoon Usagi (2007) are evaluated using the fifth-generation Pennsylvania State University�NCAR Mesoscale Model (MM5) and its tangent linear and adjoint models ...
Hyun Mee Kim; Byoung-Joo Jung
Sensitivity of Tropical Cyclone Forecasts as Revealed by Singular Vectors
Singular vector (SV) sensitivity, calculated using the adjoint model of the U.S. Navy Operation Global Atmosphere Prediction System (NOGAPS), is used to study the dynamics associated with tropical cyclone evolution. For each model-predicted ...
Melinda S. Peng; Carolyn A. Reynolds
Probabilistic Wind Vector Forecasting Using Ensembles and Bayesian Model Averaging
Probabilistic forecasts of wind vectors are becoming critical as interest grows in wind as a clean and renewable source of energy, in addition to a wide range of other uses, from aviation to recreational boating. Unlike other common forecasting ...
J. McLean Sloughter; Tilmann Gneiting; Adrian E. Raftery
VECTOR MEDIAN-RATIONALHYBRID FILTERS FOR MULTICHANNELIMAGE Lazhar Khriji
thevectorrationaloperator(VRF)(Theoutputisthe result of vector rational operation taking into account three sub/outputrelation, and hence the name "vectorrational filters" (VRF's)[3]. There are several advantage to the use
Gabbouj, Moncef
Height Correction of Atmospheric Motion Vectors Using Airborne Lidar Observations
Uncertainties in the height assignment of atmospheric motion vectors (AMVs) are the main contributor to the total AMV wind error, and these uncertainties introduce errors that can be horizontally correlated over several hundred kilometers. As a ...
Martin Weissmann; Kathrin Folger; Heiner Lange
Development Of Active Seismic Vector-Wavefield Imaging Technology For
Of Active Seismic Vector-Wavefield Imaging Technology For Of Active Seismic Vector-Wavefield Imaging Technology For Geothermal Applications Jump to: navigation, search GEOTHERMAL ENERGYGeothermal Home Report: Development Of Active Seismic Vector-Wavefield Imaging Technology For Geothermal Applications Details Activities (2) Areas (2) Regions (0) Abstract: This report describes the development and testing of vector-wavefield seismic sources that can generate shear (S) waves that may be valuable in geothermal exploration and reservoir characterization. Also described is a 3-D seismic data-processing effort to create images of Rye Patch geothermal reservoir from 3-D sign-bit data recorded over the geothermal prospect. Two seismic sources were developed and tested in this study that can be used to illuminate geothermal reservoirs with S-waves.
Electric fields in solar magnetic structures due to gradient driven instabilities: heating and acceleration of particles
The electrostatic instabilities driven by the gradients of the density, temperature and magnetic field, are discussed in their application to solar magnetic structures. Strongly growing modes are found for some typical plasma parameters. These instabilities i) imply the presence of electric fields that can accelerate the plasma particles in both perpendicular and parallel directions with respect to the magnetic field vector, and ii) can stochastically heat ions. The perpendicular acceleration is to the leading order determined by the $\\bmath{E}\\times \\bmath{B}$-drift acting equally on both ions and electrons, while the parallel acceleration is most effective on electrons. The experimentally confirmed stochastic heating is shown to act mainly in the direction perpendicular to the magnetic field vector and acts stronger on heavier ions. The energy release rate and heating may exceed for several orders of magnitude the value accepted as necessary for a self-sustained heating in the solar corona. The energy sourc...
Vranjes, J
EMDEX (Electric and Magnetic Field Digital EXposure) system manuals
The EPRI Electric and Magnetic Field Digital EXposure (EMDEX) system consists of hardware and software for characterizing electric and magnetic field exposures. The EMDEX meter is a computer-based portable unit that samples, at a user-programmable rate, the three vector components of magnetic flux density, a measure of the average electric field acting on the torso of the wearer (if an optional sensor is worn) and a measure of rotational motion of the meter in the earth's magnetic field. Modules of the DATACALC software package are used to program the EMDEX, retrieve data at the end of a measurement session, analyze EMDEX data, and prepare tabular and graphical data summaries. The User Manual is designed to provide instruction on the use of the exposure system hardware and software. The Technical Reference Manual provides additional, detailed descriptions of the hardware, software and methodologies used in the EMDEX system.
Not Available
A technique for measurement of vector and tensor polarization in solid spin one polarized targets
Vector and tensor polarizations are explicitly defined and used to characterize the polarization states of spin one polarized targets, and a technique for extracting these polarizations from nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) data is developed. This technique is independent of assumptions about spin temperature, but assumes the target's crystal structure induces a quadrupole interaction with the spin one particles. Analysis of the NMR signals involves a computer curve fitting algorithm implemented with a fast Fourier transform method which speeds and simplifies curve fitting algorithms used previously. For accurate curve fitting, the NMR electronic circuit must be modeled by the fitting algorithm. Details of a circuit, its model, and data collected from this circuit are given for a solid deuterated ammonia target. 37 refs., 19 figs., 3 tabs.
Kielhorn, W.F.
Z production via Vector Boson Fusion at LHC
The production of Z bosons via Vector Boson Fusion at the LHC collider at 10 TeV centre-of-mass energy has been studied. The aim is to investigate the possibility to isolate a known Standard Model process to be used as reference for the measurement of the detector performance for the search of the Higgs Boson produced via Vector Boson Fusion. The signal to background ratio has been estimated considering only the dominant sources of background.
Pietro Govoni; Chiara Mariotti
Solution to the Isotropy Problem for Cosmological Hidden Vector Models
Gauge bosons associated to new gauge symmetries under which the standard model particles are not charged are predicted in many extensions of the standard model of particles and interactions. We show that under very general conditions, the average energy-momentum tensor of these rapidly oscillating vector fields is isotropic for any locally inertial observer. This result has a fundamental importance in order to consider coherent vector fields as a viable alternative to support models of dark matter, dark energy or inflation.
Cembranos, J A R; Jareno, S J Nunez
Using vector divisions in solving the linear complementarity problem
The linear complementarity problem LCP(M,q) is to find a vector z in IR^n satisfying z^T(Mz+q)=0, Mz+q>=0,z>=0, where M=(m"i"j)@?IR^n^x^n and q@?IR^n are given. In this paper, we use the fact that solving LCP(M,q) is equivalent to solving the nonlinear ... Keywords: Global convergence, Linear complementarity problem, Newton's method, Secant method, Vector division
Youssef Elfoutayeni; Mohamed Khaladi
Partially Ionized Atmospheres of Neutron Stars with Strong Magnetic Fields
DOE Green Energy (OSTI)
We construct hydrogen atmosphere models for strongly magnetized neutron stars in thermodynamic equilibrium, taking into account partial ionization. The presence of bound states affects the equation of state, absorption coefficients, and polarizability tensor of a strongly magnetized plasma. Therefore the partial ionization influences the polarization vectors and opacities of normal electromagnetic waves, and thus the spectra of outgoing radiation. Here we review a model suitable for the most typical neutron-star atmospheres and focus on the problems that remain to be solved for its extension to other atmospheric parameters.
Potekhin, A.
Combined Electric and Magnetic Aharonov-Bohm Effects
It is well-known that the electric and magnetic Aharonov-Bohm effects may be formally described on equal footing using the four-vector potential in a relativistic framework. We propose an illustrative manifestation of both effects in a single configuration, in which the specific path of the charged particle determines the weight of the electric and magnetic acquired relative phases. The phases can be distinctively obtained in the Coulomb gauge. The scheme manifests the pedagogical lesson that though each of the relative phases is gauge-dependent their sum is gauge-invariant.
Samuel Marcovitch; Yakir Aharonov; Tirza Kaufferr; Benni Reznik
Roles of High-lying Excited States on Neutrino Reactions and the Gamow Teller strength for $^{40}$Ar
Neutrino reactions on $^{40}$Ar via charged and neutral currents for detecting solar and core collapsing supernovae (SNe) neutrinos and the Gamow Teller strength are calculated by considering the high-lying excited states up to a few tens of MeV region. The nucleus was originally exploited to identify the solar neutrino emitted from $^{8}$B produced in the pp-chains on the Sun. With the higher energy neutrinos emitted from the core collapsing SNe, contributions from higher multi-pole transitions including the spin dipole resonances (SDR) as well as the Gamow Teller (GT) and Fermi transitions are shown to be important ingredients for understanding reactions induced by the SNe as well as solar neutrinos. In this work, we focused on the role of high-lying excited states which are located beyond a few low-lying states known in the experiment. Expected large difference between the cross sections of $\
Eunja Ha; Myung-Ki Cheoun
Geek-Up[10.01.10] -- Mapping Bioenergy and Magnetic Vector Potential...
Atmospheric Chemist Stephen Springston and his team are taking a closer look at how aerosols are impacting climate change with a new suite of sophisticated atmosphere-monitoring...
Vector Field Visual Data Analysis Technologies for Petascale Computational Science
ITER is a type of fusion reactor that use toroidal magneticreactor core. Simulations of magnetically confined fusion
Garth, Christoph
Alignment-dependent fluorescence emission induced by tunnel ionization of carbon dioxide from lower-lying orbitals
We show that fluorescence emission induced by strong field tunnel ionization of carbon dioxide from its lower-lying orbitals exhibits a peculiar molecular alignment dependence. The experimentally measured alignment-dependence of the fluorescence agrees with the alignment-dependence of the ionization probability calculated in the framework of the strong field approximation. Our results demonstrate the feasibility of an all-optical approach for shedding more light on the ionization mechanisms of molecules from their lower-lying orbitals in tunnel ionization regime.
Yao, Jinping; Jia, Xinyan; Hao, Xiaolei; Zeng, Bin; Jing, Chenrui; Chu, Wei; Ni, Jielei; Zhang, Haisu; Xie, Hongqiang; Zhang, Chaojin; Zhao, Zengxiu; Chen, Jing; Liu, Xiaojun; Cheng, Ya; Xu, Zhizhan
Magneto-electric Effect and Magnetic Charge
It is shown that both the electric and magnetic dipole moment vectors of hydrogen atom in the excited states with wave function $$ u_n^{(\\pm)} = {1\\over\\sqrt 2} [R_{n,n-1}(r) Y_{n-1,\\pm (n-2)}(\\theta\\phi) \\pm R_{n,n-2}(r) Y_{n-2,\\pm (n-2)}(\\theta\\phi)]$$ align themselves in the direction of an external uniform electric field which is characteristic of magneto-electric effect. These states are found to have magnetic charge $g={3n\\over (n-2)e}$ on account of this effect. This result is confirmed by an independent method. An experiment is suggested to fabricate these states and detect the magnetic charge. It ma be worth noting that inspite of many experimental searchs, magnetic charge, whose existence has been theorized both in electrodynamics and non-abelian gauge theories, none have been found so far, nor there exist any suggstion as to where these are to be found.
T. Pradhan
Modelling knowlesi malaria transmission in humans: vector preference and host competence
availability previously, in this analysis, heterogeneity in vector preferences is examined. Also important in malaria transmission
Yakob, Laith; Bonsall, Michael B; Yan, Guiyun
A robust forced dynamic sliding mode minimum energy position controller for permanent magnet synchronous motor drives
As a contribution towards improving the environment, a new position controller for vector controlled electric drives employing permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSM) is presented that achieves approximately 27% less frictional energy loss than a ... Keywords: forced dynamic control, minimum energy manoeuvres, sliding mode control, synchronous motor drives
Stephen J. Dodds; Gunaratnam. Sooriyakumar; Roy Perryman
Introduction Internal magnetic measurements have been made of the region where
during formation as predicted? · Does the X-point - and therefore closed flux - remain while current is predicted to occur in the spheromak coaxial gun · Vector plots of the magnetic field in the R,Z plane during steady sustainment and when applying multiple current pulses -Transiently exist during current
HTS Magnet Program | Superconducting Magnet Division
HTS Magnet Program HTS Magnet Program High Temperature Superconductors (HTS) have the potential to revolutionize the field of superconducting magnets for particle accelerators, energy storage and medical applications. This is because of the fact that as compared to the conventional Low Temperature Superconductors (LTS), the critical current density (Jc ) of HTS falls slowly both: as a function of increasing field, and as a function of increasing temperature These unique properties can be utilized to design and build: HTS magnets that produce very high fields (20 - 50 T) HTS magnets that operate at elevated temperatures (20 - 77 K) This is a significant step forward over the convention LTS magnets which generally operate at a temperature of ~4 K and with field usually limited
Nanocomposite Magnets: Transformational Nanostructured Permanent Magnets
Broad Funding Opportunity Announcement Project: GE is using nanomaterials technology to develop advanced magnets that contain fewer rare earth materials than their predecessors. Nanomaterials technology involves manipulating matter at the atomic or molecular scale, which can represent a stumbling block for magnets because it is difficult to create a finely grained magnet at that scale. GE is developing bulk magnets with finely tuned structures using iron-based mixtures that contain 80% less rare earth materials than traditional magnets, which will reduce their overall cost. These magnets will enable further commercialization of HEVs, EVs, and wind turbine generators while enhancing U.S. competitiveness in industries that heavily utilize these alternatives to rare earth minerals.
Highly charged ions in Penning traps, a new tool for resolving low lying isomeric states
The use of highly charged ions increases the precision and resolving power, in particular for short-lived species produced at on-line radio-isotope beam facilities, achievable with Penning trap mass spectrometers. This increase in resolving power provides a new and unique access to resolving low-lying long-lived ($T_{1/2} > 50$ ms) nuclear isomers. Recently, the $111.19(22)$ keV (determined from $\\gamma$-ray spectroscopy) isomeric state in $^{78}$Rb has been resolved from the ground state, in a charge state of $q=8+$ with the TITAN Penning trap at the TRIUMF-ISAC facility. The excitation energy of the isomer was measured to be $108.7(6.4)$ keV above the ground state. The extracted masses for both the ground and isomeric states, and their difference, agree with the AME2003 and Nuclear Data Sheet values. This proof of principle measurement demonstrates the feasibility of using Penning trap mass spectrometers coupled to charge breeders to study nuclear isomers and opens a new route for isomer searches.
A. T. Gallant; M. Brodeur; T. Brunner; U. Chowdhury; S. Ettenauer; V. V. Simon; E. Man�; M. C. Simon; C. Andreoiu; P. Delheij; G. Gwinner; M. R. Pearson; R. Ringle; J. Dilling
Pauli blocking in the low-lying, low-spin states of {sup 141}Pr
The low-lying, low-spin levels of {sup 141}Pr were investigated using (n,n{sup '}{gamma}) techniques. Level energies, branching ratios, and tentative spin assignments for more than 100 states, linked by nearly 300 transitions, were obtained from two angular distributions (E{sub n}=2.0 and 3.0 MeV) and an excitation function measurement (E{sub n}=1.5-3.2 MeV). The application of the Doppler-shift attenuation method led to the determination of lifetimes. The obtained spectroscopic data provide insight into the wave functions of the states observed. A detailed analysis of the [2{sub 1}{sup +} x d{sub 5/2}] and [2{sub 1}{sup +} x g{sub 7/2}] multiplets provides the first quantitative evidence for Pauli blocking in a spherical odd-mass nucleus. The unpaired particle is used to probe the microscopic structure of the first 2{sup +} state of the adjacent core nuclei {sup 140}Ce and {sup 142}Nd.
Scheck, M.; Choudry, S. N.; Elhami, E.; McEllistrem, M. T.; Mukhopadhyay, S.; Orce, J. N. [Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055 (United States); Yates, S. W. [Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055 (United States); Dept. of Chemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055 (United States)
DeconfinementinYang-Mills: a conjecture for a general gauge Lie group G
Svetitsky and Yaffe have argued that � if the deconfinement phase transition of a (d+1)-dimensional Yang-Mills theory with gauge group G is second order � it should be in the universality class of a d-dimensional scalar model symmetric under the center C(G) of G. These arguments have been investigated numerically only considering Yang-Mills theory with gauge symmetry in the G = SU(N) branch, where C(G) = Z(N). The symplectic groups Sp(N) provide another extension of SU(2) = Sp(1) to general N and they all have the same center Z(2). Hence, in contrast to the SU(N) case, Sp(N) Yang-Mills theory allows to study the relevance of the group size on the order of the deconfinement phase transition keeping the available universality class fixed. Using lattice simulations, we present numerical results for the deconfinement phase transition in Sp(2) and Sp(3) Yang-Mills theories both in (2+1)d and (3+1)d. We then make a conjecture on the order of the deconfinement phase transition in Yang-Mills theories with general Lie groups SU(N), SO(N), Sp(N) and with exceptional groups G(2), F(4), E(6), E(7), E(8). Numerical results for G(2) Yang-Mills theory at finite temperature in (3 + 1)d are also presented.
M. Pepe A
The Connection Between Inertial Forces and the Vector Potential
. The inertia property of matter is discussed in terms of a type of induction law related to the extended charged particle's own vector potential. Our approach is based on the Lagrangian formalism of canonical momentum writing Newton's second law in terms of the vector potential and a development in terms of obtaining retarded potentials, that allow an intuitive physical interpretation of its main terms. This framework provides a clear physical insight on the physics of inertia. It is shown that the electron mass has a complete electromagnetic origin and the covariant equation obtained solves the "4/3 mass paradox". This provides a deeper insight into the significance of the main terms of the equation of motion. In particular a force term is obtained from the approach based on the continuity equation for momentum that represents a drag force the charged particle feels when in motion relatively to its own vector potential field lines. Thus, the time derivative of the particle's vector potential leads to the acceleration inertia reaction force and is equivalent to the Schott term responsible for the source of the radiation field. We also show that the velocity dependent term of the particle's vector potential is connected with the relativistic increase of mass with velocity and generates a stress force that is the source of electric field lines deformation. This understanding broadens the possibility to manipulate inertial mass and potentially suggests some mechanisms for possible applications to electromagnetic propulsion and the development of advanced space propulsion physics.
Alexandre A. Martins; Mario J. Pinheiro
Vector Higgs-portal dark matter and the invisible Higgs
The Higgs sector of the Standard Model offers a unique probe of the hidden sector. In this work, we explore the possibility of renormalizable Higgs couplings to the hidden sector vector fields which can constitute dark matter (DM). Abelian gauge sectors with minimal field content, necessary to render the gauge fields massive, have a natural Z_2 parity. This symmetry ensures stability of the vector fields making them viable dark matter candidates, while evading the usual electroweak constraints. We illustrate this idea with the Stueckelberg and Higgs mechanisms. Vector DM is consistent with the WMAP, XENON100, and LHC constraints, while it can affect significantly the invisible Higgs decay. Due to the enhanced branching ratio for the Higgs decay into the longitudinal components of the vector field, the vector Higgs portal provides an efficient way to hide the Higgs at the LHC. This could be the reason why the latest combined ATLAS/CMS data did not bring evidence for the existence of the Higgs boson.
Oleg Lebedev; Hyun Min Lee; Yann Mambrini
Vegetative characteristics of three low-lying Florida coastal rivers in relation to flow, light, salinity and nutrients
Abstract The Chassahowitzka, Homosassa and Crystal rivers along the central Gulf coast of Florida were aquatic macrophytes in Kings Bay/ Crystal River (Florida, U.S.A) was reduced fol- lowing storm eventsVegetative characteristics of three low-lying Florida coastal rivers in relation to flow, light
Watson, Craig A.
Performance improvement of permanent magnet ac motors
Multi-phase motors have several advantages over the traditional three-phase motors. In this study, the additional degrees of freedom available in five-phase permanent magnet motors have been used for three purposes: 1) enhancing the torque producing capability of the motor, 2) improving the reliability of the system, and 3) better adjusting of the torque and flux linkages of the five-phase direct torque controlled system. 1) Due to the fact that space and time harmonics of the same orders will contribute positively to output torque, a five-phase permanent magnet motor with quasi-rectangular back-EMF waveform is supplied with combined fundamental and third harmonic of currents. For modeling and analysis of the motor a 0 3 3 1 1 q d q d frame of reference is defined where 1 1q d rotates at the synchronous speed and 3 3q d rotates at the three times synchronous speed. Based on the mathematical model in the 0 3 3 1 1 q d q d frame of reference, it is shown that this system while having a higher torque density with respect to a conventional permanent magnet synchronous machine, is also compatible with vector control algorithm. 2) A resilient current control of the five-phase permanent motor with both sinusoidal and trapezoidal back-EMF waveforms under asymmetrical fault condition is proposed. In this scheme, the stator MMF is kept unchanged during healthy and faulty condition. Therefore, the five-phase permanent magnet motor operates continuously and steadily without additional hardware and just by modifying the control algorithm in case of loss of up to two phases. The feature is of major importance in some specific applications where high reliability is required. 3) High torque and flux ripple are the major drawbacks of a three-phase direct torque controlled system. The number of space voltage vectors directly influences the performance of DTC system. A five-phase drive, while benefiting from other advantages of high order phase drives, has inherently 32 space voltage vectors which permits better flexibility in selecting the switching states and finer adjustment of flux and torque. A sensorless direct torque control of five-phase permanent magnet motor is implemented. Speed information is obtained based on the position of stator flux linkages and load angle. Experiments have been conducted on a 5kW five-phase surface mount permanent magnet motor and a 3kW five-phase interior permanent magnet motor by using TMS320C32 DSP. The results obtained are consistent with theoretical studies and simulation analysis, which further demonstrate the feasibility and practical significance of the five-phase permanent magnet motor drives.
Parsa, Leila
Tamper resistant magnetic stripes
This invention relates to a magnetic stripe comprising a medium in which magnetized particles are suspended and in which the encoded information is recorded by actual physical rotation or alignment of the previously magnetized particles within the flux reversals of the stripe which are 180.degree. opposed in their magnetic polarity. The magnetized particles are suspended in a medium which is solid, or physically rigid, at ambient temperatures but which at moderately elevated temperatures, such as 40.degree. C., is thinable to a viscosity permissive of rotation of the particles therein under applications of moderate external magnetic field strengths within acceptable time limits.
Naylor, Richard Brian (Albuquerque, NM); Sharp, Donald J. (Albuquerque, NM)
Lensless Imaging of Magnetic Nanostructures
Magnetic Nanostructures Print Magnetism is useful for many devices and techniques, from electric motors and computer hard drives to magnetic resonance imaging used in medicine....
Five-dimensional Massive Vector Fields and Radion Stabilization
We provide a description of the five-dimensional Higgs mechanism in supersymmetric gauge theories compactified on the orbifold S^1/Z_2 by means of the N=1 superfield formalism. Goldstone bosons absorbed by vector multiplets can come either from hypermultiplets or from gauge multiplets of opposite parity (Hosotani mechanism). Supersymmetry is broken by the Scherk-Schwarz mechanism. In the presence of massive hypermultiplets and gauge multiplets, with different supersymmetric masses, the radion can be stabilized with positive (de Sitter) vacuum energy. The masses of vector and hypermultiplets can be fine-tuned to have zero (Minkowski) vacuum energy.
Emilian Dudas; Mariano Quiros
Concurrent $\\pi$-vector fields and energy beta-change
The aim of the present paper is to introduce and investigate intrinsically the notions of a concurrent $\\pi$-vector field and an energy beta-change on a Finsler manifold, using the pullback formalism. The effect of the existence of a concurrent $\\pi$-vector field on some important special Finsler spaces is studied. Under an energy beta-change, an intrinsic expression relating the the Barthel connection (resp. Cartan connection, Chern connection, Hashiguchi connection, Berwald connection) and the corresponding transformed connection is obtained. It should be pointed out that the present work is formulated in a prospective modern coordinate-free form.
Youssef, Nabil L; Soleiman, A
A Relativistic Generalization of Fowler-Nordheim Cold Emission in Presence of Strong Magnetic Field
A relativistic version of cold emission of electrons in presence of strong magnetic field, relevant for strongly magnetized neutron stars is obtained. It is found that in this scenario, a scalar type potential barrier does not allow quantum tunneling through the surface. Whereas, in presence of a vector type surface barrier, the probability of electron emission is much larger compared to the original Fowler-Nordheim cold emission of electrons. It is found that the relativistic version in presence of strong magnetic field does not follow exponential decay.
Arpita Ghosh; Somenath Chakrabarty
Plasma sweeper to control the coupling of RF power to a magnetically confined plasma
A device for coupling RF power (a plasma sweeper) from a phased waveguide array for introducing RF power to a plasma having a magnetic field associated therewith comprises at least one electrode positioned near the plasma and near the phased waveguide array; and a potential source coupled to the electrode for generating a static electric field at the electrode directed into the plasma and having a component substantially perpendicular to the plasma magnetic field such that a non-zero vector cross-product of the electric and magnetic fields exerts a force on the plasma causing the plasma to drift.
Motley, Robert W. (Princeton, NJ); Glanz, James (Lawrenceville, NJ)
ALS superbend magnet performance
ALS Superbend Magnet Performance S. Marks, J. Zbasnik, W.the Advanced Light Source (ALS), with the fourth magnet as ahe Advanced Light Source (ALS) at the Lawrence Berkeley
Active magnetic regenerator
The disclosure is directed to an active magnetic regenerator apparatus and method. Brayton, Stirling, Ericsson, and Carnot cycles and the like may be utilized in an active magnetic regenerator to provide efficient refrigeration over relatively large temperature ranges.
Barclay, John A. (Los Alamos, NM); Steyert, William A. (Los Alamos, NM)
LHC Magnet Program | Superconducting Magnet Division
Magnet Program Magnet Program The Superconducting Magnet Division is building a number of dipole magnets for the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), which is now under construction at CERN in Geneva, Switzerland. Scheduled to begin operation in 2007, this machine will collide beams of protons with the unprecedented energy of 7 TeV per beam to explore the nature of matter at its most basic level (RHIC can collide beams of protons with energies of 0.25 TeV, but is mostly used to collide heavy ions with energies of 0.1 TeV per nucleon). The magnets are being built as part of the US program, recommended by the High Energy Physics Advisory Panel (HEPAP) and approved by Congress, to contribute to the construction and, later, use of that frontier machine by the US high energy physics community. Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL) and
Superconducting magnet of Aurora
The AURORAsuperconducting magnet system is composed of a cylindrical single?body magnet and a refrigeration system for superconducting coils. The magnet generates B z =1 T on the central orbit at the 150 MeV electron beam injection energy and B z =4.3 T at the 650 MeV storage energy. The diameter of the central orbit is 1 m. Iron poles and yokes are used for shielding the magnetic field
T. Takayama; SHI Accelerator Research Group
Magnetic Nanoparticle Metrology
... T2 relaxation times, hysteretic energy loss, etc ... Optimization of magnetic nanoparticle synthesis for ... competition between lattice energies and dipolar ...
Irreversible magnetic switch
This invention is comprised of an irreversible magnetic switch containing a ferromagnetic amorphous metal having a predetermined crystallization temperature in its inductor magnetic path. With the incorporation of such material, the magnetic properties after cooling from a high temperature excursion above its crystallization temperature are only a fraction of the original value. The difference is used to provide a safety feature in the magnetic switch.
Karnowsky, M.M.; Yost, F.G.
Magnetic Materials Staff
... Materials Science and Engineering Division Staff Directory; MML Organization. Contact. Magnetic Materials Group Robert Shull, Group Leader. ...
Tunable Magnetic Regenerator/Refrigerant
Magnetic regenerators utilize the magnetocaloric effect--the ability of a magnetic field to reduce the magnetic part of a solid materials entropy, generating heat, and then removing the magnetic field, permitting the reduction of temperature with the ...
Baryon-Number-Induced Chern-Simons Couplings of Vector and Axial-Vector Mesons in Holographic QCD
We show that holographic models of QCD predict the presence of a Chern-Simons coupling between vector and axial-vector mesons at finite baryon density. In the Anti de Sitter/Conformal Field Theory dictionary, the coefficient of this coupling is proportional to the baryon number density and is fixed uniquely in the five-dimensional holographic dual by anomalies in the flavor currents. For the lightest mesons, the coupling mixes transverse {rho} and a{sub 1} polarization states. At sufficiently large baryon number densities, it produces an instability, which causes the {rho} and a{sub 1} mesons to condense in a state breaking both rotational and translational invariance.
Domokos, Sophia K.; Harvey, Jeffrey A. [Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637 (United States)
Implicit Methods for the Magnetohydrodynamic Description of Magnetically Confined Plasmas
Implicit algorithms are essential for predicting the slow growth and saturation of global instabilities in today�s magnetically confined fusion plasma experiments. Present day algorithms for obtaining implicit solutions to the magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) equations for highly magnetized plasma have their roots in algorithms used in the 1960s and 1970s. However, today�s computers and modern linear and non?linear solver techniques make practical much more comprehensive implicit algorithms than were previously possible. Combining these advanced implicit algorithms with highly accurate spatial representations of the vector fields describing the plasma flow and magnetic fields and with improved methods of calculating anisotropic thermal conduction now makes possible simulations of fusion experiments using realistic values of plasma parameters and actual configuration geometry.
S.C. Jardin
Non-axisymmetric instability of axisymmetric magnetic fields
The MHD instabilities can generate complex field topologies even if the initial field configuration is a very simple one. We consider the stability properties of magnetic configurations containing a toroidal and an axial field. In this paper, we concentrate mainly on the behavior of non-axisymmetric perturbations in axisymmetric magnetic configurations. The stability is treated by a linear analysis of ideal MHD equations.In the presence of an axial field, it is shown that the instability can occur for a wide range of the azimuthal wavenumber $m$, and its growth rate increases with increasing $m$. At given $m$, the growth rate is at its maximum for perturbations with the axial wave-vector that makes the Alfv\\'en frequency approximately vanishing. We argue that the instability of magnetic configurations in the ideal MHD can typically be dominated by perturbations with very short azimuthal and axial wavelengths.
Bonanno, Alfio
Magnetic nanohole superlattices
A magnetic material is disclosed including a two-dimensional array of carbon atoms and a two-dimensional array of nanoholes patterned in the two-dimensional array of carbon atoms. The magnetic material has long-range magnetic ordering at a temperature below a critical temperature Tc.
Liu, Feng
A New Duality Approach to Solving Concave Vector Maximization Problems
We introduce a special class of monotonic functions with the help of support functions and polar sets, and use it to construct a scalarized problem and its dual for a vector optimization problem. The dual construction allows us to develop a new method ... Keywords: Duality, Multiobjective problem, Polar set, Weak efficient solution
Luc Dinh The; Phong Thai Quynh; Volle Michel
Support Vector Machines Applied to a Combustion Process
The following research aims to make the characterization of flames in the combustion process in an industrial boiler fossil fuel composed of one burner. The characterization of the flames is performed by analysis of electrical signals that are obtained ... Keywords: Combustion, electromagnetic radiation, principal components analysis, statistical moments, support vector machines
Claudia I. Torres, Fernando Hernandez, Antonio Trejo, Guillermo Ronquillo
Recurving Tropical Cyclones: Singular Vector Sensitivity and Downstream Impacts
Singular vectors (SVs) are used to study the sensitivity of 2-day forecasts of recurving tropical cyclones (TCs) in the western North Pacific to changes in the initial state. The SVs are calculated using the tangent and adjoint models of the Navy ...
Carolyn A. Reynolds; Melinda S. Peng; Jan-Huey Chen
On the construction of generalized Grassmann representatives of state vectors
Generalized $Z_k$-graded Grassmann variables are used to label coherent states related to the nilpotent representation of the q-oscillator of Biedenharn and Macfarlane when the deformation parameter is a root of unity. These states are then used to construct generalized Grassmann representatives of state vectors.
M. El Baz; Y. Hassouni
Blast-induced ground vibration prediction using support vector machine
Ground vibrations induced by blasting are one of the fundamental problems in the mining industry and may cause severe damage to structures and plants nearby. Therefore, a vibration control study plays an important role in the minimization of environmental ... Keywords: Blast vibration, Coefficient of determination, Conventional vibration predictor equations, Mean absolute error, Support vector machine
Manoj Khandelwal
Supersymmetric Higgs Production in Vector-Boson Fusion
We present a full calculation of the supersymmetric NLO corrections to Higgs boson production via vector-boson fusion. The supersymmetric QCD corrections turn out to be significantly smaller than the electroweak ones. These higher-order corrections are an important ingredient to a precision analysis of the Higgs sector at the LHC.
Michael Rauch; Wolfgang Hollik; Tilman Plehn; Heidi Rzehak
Training of support vector machines with Mahalanobis kernels
Radial basis function (RBF) kernels are widely used for support vector machines. But for model selection, we need to optimize the kernel parameter and the margin parameter by time-consuming cross validation. To solve this problem, in this paper we propose ...
Shigeo Abe
Kinetic models of current sheets with a sheared magnetic field
Thin current sheets, whose existence in the Earth's magnetotail is confirmed by numerous spacecraft measurements, are studied analytically and numerically. The thickness of such sheets is on the order of the ion Larmor radius, and the normal component of the magnetic field (B{sub z}) in the sheet is almost constant, while the tangential (B{sub x}) and shear (B{sub y}) components depend on the transverse coordinate z. The current density in the sheet also has two self-consistent components (j{sub x} and j{sub y}, respectively), and the magnetic field lines are deformed and do not lie in a single plane. To study such quasi-one-dimensional current configurations, two kinetic models are used, in particular, a numerical model based on the particle-in-cell method and an analytical model. The calculated results show that two different modes of the self-consistent shear magnetic field B{sub y} and, accordingly, two thin current sheet configurations can exist for the same input parameters. For the mode with an antisymmetric z profile of the B{sub y} component, the magnetic field lines within the sheet are twisted, whereas the profiles of the plasma density, current density component j{sub y}, and magnetic field component B{sub x} differ slightly from those in the case of a shearless magnetic field (B{sub y} = 0). For the symmetric B{sub y} mode, the magnetic field lines lie in a curved surface. In this case, the plasma density in the sheet varies slightly and the current sheet is two times thicker. Analysis of the dependence of the current sheet structure on the flow anisotropy shows that the sheet thickness decreases significantly with decreasing ratio between the thermal and drift plasma velocities, which is caused by the dynamics of quasi-adiabatic ions. It is shown that the results of the analytical and numerical models are in good agreement. The problems of application of these models to describe current sheets at the magnetopause and near magnetic reconnection regions are discussed.
Mingalev, O. V.; Mingalev, I. V.; Mel'nik, M. N. [Russian Academy of Sciences, Polar Geophysical Institute, Cola Science Center (Russian Federation); Artemyev, A. V.; Malova, H. V.; Popov, V. Yu. [Russian Academy of Sciences, Space Research Institute (Russian Federation); Chao, Shen [Chinese Academy of Sciences, Center for Space Science and Applied Research (China); Zelenyi, L. M. [Russian Academy of Sciences, Space Research Institute (Russian Federation)
Magnetically attached sputter targets
An improved method and assembly for attaching sputtering targets to cathode assemblies of sputtering systems which includes a magnetically permeable material is described. The magnetically permeable material is imbedded in a target base that is brazed, welded, or soldered to the sputter target, or is mechanically retained in the target material. Target attachment to the cathode is achieved by virtue of the permanent magnets and/or the pole pieces in the cathode assembly that create magnetic flux lines adjacent to the backing plate, which strongly attract the magnetically permeable material in the target assembly. 11 figures.
Makowiecki, D.M.; McKernan, M.A.
Magnetic damping for maglev
Magnetic damping is one of the important parameters to control the response and stability of maglev systems. An experimental study is presented to measure the magnetic damping using a direct method. A plate attached to a permanent magnet levitated on a rotating drum was tested to investigate the effect of various parameters on magnetic damping such as conductivity, gap, excitation frequency, and oscillation amplitude. The experimental technique is capable of measuring all magnetic damping coefficients, some of which can not be measured by an indirect method.
Chen, S.S.; Zhu, S.; Cai, Y.; Rote, D.M. [Argonne National Lab., IL (United States). Energy Technology Div.
EA-1143; Environmental Evaluation Notification Form and FONSI for University of Nebraska Medical Center: Lied Transplant Center
43; Environmental Evaluation Notification Form and FONSI for 43; Environmental Evaluation Notification Form and FONSI for University of Nebraska Medical Center: Lied Transplant Center Table of Contents I. Description of Proposed Action II. Description of Affected Environment III. Potential Environmental Effects IV. Section D Determination I. Description of Proposed Action: The DOE proposes to authorize the University of Nebraska Medical Center (UNMC) to proceed with the design, construction and equipping of the proposed Lied Transplant Center facility. House Report No. 103-672 accompanying the FY 1995 Energy and Water Development Appropriations Act indicated that $5,000,000 had been included in DOE's FY 1995 appropriation to assist the University of Nebraska Medical Center with construction of a transplant center. A grant was executed with the University on August 4, 1995, and grant funds are available to the University for
Low-energy enhancement of magnetic dipole radiation
Magnetic dipole strength functions have been deduced from averages of a large number of $M1$ transition strengths calculated within the shell model for the nuclides $^{90}$Zr, $^{94}$Mo, $^{95}$Mo, and $^{96}$Mo. An enhancement of $M1$ strength toward low transition energy has been found for all nuclides considered. Large $M1$ strengths appear for transitions between close-lying states with configurations including proton as well as neutron high-$j$ orbits that re-couple their spins and add up their magnetic moments coherently. The $M1$ strength function deduced from the calculated $M1$ transition strengths is compatible with the low-energy enhancement found in ($^3$He,$^3$He') and $(d,p)$ experiments. The present work presents for the first time an explanation of the experimental findings.
R. Schwengner; S. Frauendorf; A. C. Larsen
Magnetic helicity and energy spectra of a solar active region
We compute magnetic helicity and energy spectra of the solar active region NOAA 11158 during 11-15 February 2011 at 20 degr southern heliographic latitude using observational photospheric vector magnetograms. We adopt the isotropic representation of the Fourier-transformed two-point correlation tensor of the magnetic field. The sign of magnetic helicity turns out to be predominantly positive at all wavenumbers. This sign is consistent with what is theoretically expected for the southern hemisphere. The relative magnetic helicity is around 8% and strongest at intermediate wavenumbers of k ~ 0.4 Mm^{-1}, corresponding to a scale of 2 pi/k ~ 16 Mm. The same sign and a somewhat smaller value is also found for the relative current helicity evaluated in real space based on the vertical components of magnetic field and current density. The current helicity spectrum is estimated from the magnetic helicity spectrum and its modulus shows a k^{-5/3} spectrum at large wavenumbers. A similar power law is also obtained for...
Zhang, Hongqi; Sokoloff, D D
Application of Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Proximal Support Vector Machine (PSVM) for fault classification of monoblock centrifugal pump
Monoblock centrifugal pumps are widely used in a variety of applications. Defects and malfunctions (faults) of these pumps result in significant economic loss. Therefore, the pumps must be under constant monitoring. When a possible fault is detected, ... Keywords: CAV, PSVM, bearing faults, cavitation, decision trees, fault classification, fault diagnosis, impeller faults, monoblock centrifugal pumps, proximal SVM, seal faults, support vector machines, vibration signals
N. R. Sakthivel; V. Sugumaran; Binoy B. Nair
Contributions to the muon's anomalous magnetic moment from a hidden sector
Research Highlights: > Described scenario involving hidden and connector particles that couple to the standard model which could be relevant for dark matter. > Examined constraints on such particles in the case that the SM particle they couple to is the muon. > Found regions of couplings which could explain the discrepancy in the muon's anomalous magnetic moment which differ for different hidden and connector particles' spins. - Abstract: The measurement of the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon provides a stringent test of the standard model and of any physics that lies beyond it. There is currently a deviation of 3.1{sigma} between the standard model prediction for the muon's anomalous magnetic moment and its experimental value. We calculate the contribution to the anomalous magnetic moment in theories where the muon couples to a particle in a hidden sector (that is, uncharged under the standard model) and a connector (which has nontrivial standard model gauge and hidden sector quantum numbers).
McKeen, David, E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com [Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637 (United States)
Sheath formation criterion in magnetized electronegative plasmas with thermal ions
Taking into account the effect of collisions and positive ion temperatures, the sheath formation criterion is investigated in a weakly magnetized electronegative plasma consisting of electrons, negative and positive ions by using the hydrodynamics equations. It is assumed that the electron and negative ion density distributions are the Boltzmann distribution with two different temperatures. Also, it is assumed that the velocity of positive ions at the sheath edge is not normal to the wall (oblique entrance). Our results show that a sheath region will be formed when the initial velocity of positive ions or the ion Mach number M lies in a specific interval with particular upper and lower limits. Also, it is shown that the presence of the magnetic field affects both of these limits. Moreover, as an practical application, the density distribution of charged particles in the sheath region is studied for an allowable value of M, and it is seen that monotonically reduction of the positive ion density distribution leading to the sheath formation occurs only when M lies between two above mentioned limits.
Hatami, M. M. [Physics Department of K N Toosi University of Technology, 15418-49611 Tehran (Iran, Islamic Republic of); Shokri, B. [Physics Department and Laser-Plasma Research Institute of Shahid Beheshti University, G. C., Evin, Tehran (Iran, Islamic Republic of)
A new method for crude oil price forecasting based on support vector machines
This paper proposes a new method for crude oil price forecasting based on support vector machine (SVM). The procedure of developing a support vector machine model for time series forecasting involves data sampling, sample preprocessing, training & ...
Wen Xie; Lean Yu; Shanying Xu; Shouyang Wang
Squeezing more CPU performance out of a Cray-2 by Vector block scheduling
Compile time scheduling of vector activities on the CRAY 21 is studied using a simplified model of the vector instruction stream. Due to several of the hardware characteristics of the machine, an approach using much know-how obtained ...
C. Eisenbeis; W. Jalby; A. Lichnewsky
An Effective Vector Extraction Method on Architectural Imaging Using Drawing Characteristics
In this paper, vectorization is achieved by the recognition of architectural drawing images. To obtain vector components, an architectural drawing recognizer (ADR) is developed. The ADR recognizes line components such as main wall, dimension line and ...
Young-Jun Park; Young-Bin Kwon
Detecting vortical phenomena in vector data by medium-scale correlation
The detection of vortical phenomena in vector data is one of the key issues in many technical applications, in particular in flow visualization. Many existing approaches rely on purely local evaluation of the vector data. In order to overcome ...
H.-G. Pagendarm; B. Henne; M. R�tten
Empirical Orthogonal Function Analysis of Ocean Surface Currents Using Complex and Real-Vector Methods
Empirical orthogonal function (EOF) analysis has been widely used in meteorology and oceanography to extract dominant modes of behavior in scalar and vector datasets. For analysis of two-dimensional vector fields, such as surface winds or ...
James M. Kaihatu; Robert A. Handler; George O. Marmorino; Lynn K. Shay
Empirical Orthogonal Function Analysis of Wind Vectors over the Tropical Pacific Region
The method of empirical orthogonal function analysis is applied to wind stress vectors over the tropical Pacific Ocean from 1961 through 1978. It is determined that this vector analysis enables a more thorough analysis of wind components than do ...
David M. Legler
High Field Magnet R&D |Superconducting Magnet Division
High Field Magnet R&D High Field Magnet R&D The Superconducting Magnet Division is developing advanced magnet designs and magnet-related technologies for high field accelerator magnets. We are currently working on magnets for three inter-related programs: High Field Magnets for Muon Collider Papers, Presentations Common Coil Magnets Papers, Presentations Interaction Region Magnets Papers, Presentations High Temperature Superconductor (HTS) Magnets Papers, Presentations This is part of a multi-lab superconducting magnet development program for new accelerator facilities that would be part of the U.S. High Energy Physics program. These programs (@BNL, @FNAL, @LBNL) are quite complimentary to each other, so that magnet designs and technologies developed at one laboratory can be easily transferred to another. The BNL
Control system for an interior permanent magnet synchronous machine
A high performance, fully operational, four-quadrant control scheme is used in an interior permanent magnet synchronous machine. The machine operates smoothly with full performance in the constant-torque region as well as in the flux-weakening, constant-power region in both directions of motion. The transition between the constant-torque and constant-power regions is very smooth under all conditions of operation. Control in the constant-torque region is based on a vector or field-oriented technique, with the direct-axis aligned with the total stator flux, whereas constant-power region control is accomplished by orientation of the torque angle of the impressed square-wave voltage through the feedforward vector rotator. In a preferred embodiment, the control system employs a digital distributed microcomputer controller arrangement which relies upon various precisely estimated feedback signals, such as torque, flux, etc. The control scheme includes an outer torque control loop primarily for traction type applications, but also contemplates speed and position control loops for various industrial drives. A 70 hp drive system using a Neodymium-Iron-Boron permanent magnet machine and transistor pulse width modulating inverter has been designed and successfully tested. This control scheme also has application in controlling surface permanent magnet machines. 16 figs.
Bose, B.K.
Effective integration of the Nonlinear Vector Schr�dinger Equation
A comprehensive algebro-geometric integration of the two component Nonlinear Vector Schr\\"odinger equation (Manakov system) is developed. The allied spectral variety is a trigonal Riemann surface, which is described explicitly and the solutions of the equations are given in terms of theta-functions of the surface. The final formulae are effective in that sense that all entries like transcendental constants in exponentials, winding vectors etc. are expressed in terms of prime-form of the curve and well algorithmized operations on them. That made the result available for direct calculations in applied problems implementing the Manakov system. The simplest solutions in Jacobian theta-functions are given as particular case of general formulae and discussed in details.
J. N. Elgin; V. Z. Enolskii; A. R. Its
A Quantizable Model of Massive Gauge Vector Bosons without Higgs
We incorporate the parameters of the gauge group G into the gauge theory of interactions through a non-linear partial-trace sigma-model Lagrangian on G/H. The minimal coupling of the new (Goldstone-like) scalar bosons provides mass terms to those intermediate vector bosons associated with the quotient G/H, without spoiling gauge invariance, remaining the H-vector potentials massless. The main virtue of a partial trace on G/H, rather than on the entire G, is that we can find an infinite-dimensional symmetry, with non-trivial Noether invariants, which ensures quantum integrability in a non-canonical quantization scheme. The present formalism is explicitly applied to the case G=SU(2)x U(1), as a Higgs-less alternative to the Standard Model of electroweak interactions, although it can also be used in low-energy phenomenological models for strong interactions.
V. Aldaya; M. Calixto; F. F. Lopez-Ruiz
Biosensor method and system based on feature vector extraction
A system for biosensor-based detection of toxins includes providing at least one time-dependent control signal generated by a biosensor in a gas or liquid medium, and obtaining a time-dependent biosensor signal from the biosensor in the gas or liquid medium to be monitored or analyzed for the presence of one or more toxins selected from chemical, biological or radiological agents. The time-dependent biosensor signal is processed to obtain a plurality of feature vectors using at least one of amplitude statistics and a time-frequency analysis. At least one parameter relating to toxicity of the gas or liquid medium is then determined from the feature vectors based on reference to the control signal.
Greenbaum, Elias; Rodriguez, Jr., Miguel; Qi, Hairong; Wang, Xiaoling
Attractor solutions in Lorentz violating scalar-vector-tensor theory
We investigate properties of attractors for the scalar field in the Lorentz violating scalar-vector-tensor theory of gravity. In this framework, both the effective coupling and potential functions determine the stabilities of the fixed points. In the model, we consider the constants of the slope of the effective coupling and potential functions which lead to the quadratic effective coupling vector with the (inverse) power-law potential. For the case of a purely scalar field, there are only two stable attractor solutions in the inflationary scenario. In the presence of a barotropic fluid, the fluid dominated solution is absent. We find two scaling solutions: the kinetic scaling solution and the scalar field scaling solutions. We show the stable attractors in regions of ({gamma},{xi}) parameter space and in a phase plane plot for different qualitative evolutions. From the standard nucleosynthesis, we derive the constraints for the value of the coupling parameter.
Arianto [Theoretical Physics Laboratory, THEPI Division, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jalan Ganesha 10 Bandung 40132 (Indonesia); Indonesia Center for Theoretical and Mathematical Physics (ICTMP), Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesha 10 Bandung 40132 (Indonesia); Department of Physics, Udayana University, Jl. Kampus Bukit Jimbaran Kuta-Bali 80361 (Indonesia); Zen, Freddy P.; Triyanta; Gunara, Bobby E. [Theoretical Physics Laboratory, THEPI Division, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jalan Ganesha 10 Bandung 40132 (Indonesia); Indonesia Center for Theoretical and Mathematical Physics (ICTMP), Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesha 10 Bandung 40132 (Indonesia)
Searches for New Vector Like Quarks: Higgs Channels
New vector-like quarks can mix sizably with first generation Standard Model quarks without conflicting with current experimental constraints. Searches for such new quarks have been performed in pair production and electroweak single production channels with subsequent decays into electroweak gauge bosons. To fully explore the underlying structure of the theory the channels with heavy quark decays into Higgs bosons are crucial and in this article we consider for the first time the LHC reach for such channels. The two main production mechanisms involve single production of new quarks through the fusion of a vector boson and the Higgs and single production in association with a Higgs boson. We show that both channels have promising reach at the LHC and that they complement the current direct searches involving decays into electroweak gauge bosons.
Anupama Atre; Mikael Chala; Jose Santiago
Atre, Anupama; Santiago, Jose
A wavelet-tree-based watermarking method using distance vector of binary cluster
This paper proposes a wavelet-tree-based watermarking method using distance vector of binary cluster for copyright protection. In the proposed method, wavelet trees are classified into two clusters using the distance vector to denote binary watermark ... Keywords: Blind watermarking method, Copyright protection, Distance vector, Significant coefficient, Watermark, Wavelet tree
Wei-Hung Lin; Yuh-Rau Wang; Shi-Jinn Horng
Modeling uncertain variables of the weighted average operation by fuzzy vectors
The paper deals with the fuzzy extension of the weighted average operation. First, we study the convenient ways how uncertain weights and weighted values can be modeled by fuzzy vectors. We show that, in comparison to a tuple of fuzzy numbers that have ... Keywords: Fuzzy probabilities, Fuzzy vector, Fuzzy weighted average, Multiple criteria decision making, Normalized fuzzy weights, Separability of fuzzy vectors
Ond?Ej Pavla?Ka
Identifying centers of circulating and spiraling vector field patterns and its applications
Identification of centers of circulating and spiraling vector fields, sources and sinks are important in many applications. Tropical cyclone tracking, rotating object identification, analysis of motion video and movement of fluids are but some examples. ... Keywords: Center identification, Circulating and spiraling vector field center, Rotation center detection, Tropical cyclone eye fix, Vector field
Ka Yan Wong; Chi Lap Yip
A set of ontologies to drive tools for the control of vector-borne diseases
We are developing a set of ontologies dealing with vector-borne diseases as well as the arthropod vectors that transmit them. After building ontologies for mosquito and tick anatomy we continued this project with an ontology of insecticide resistance ... Keywords: Anatomy, Arthropod vector, Database, Decision support system, Insecticide resistance, Malaria, Mosquito, Tick, Transmission
Pantelis Topalis; Emmanuel Dialynas; Elvira Mitraka; Elena Deligianni; Inga Siden-Kiamos; Christos Louis
Cool Magnetic Molecules
Cool Magnetic Molecules Cool Magnetic Molecules Cool Magnetic Molecules Print Wednesday, 25 May 2011 00:00 Certain materials are known to heat up or cool down when they are exposed to a changing magnetic field. This is known as the magnetocaloric effect. All magnetic materials exhibit this effect, but in most cases, it is too small to be technologically useful. Recently, however, the search for special molecules with a surprisingly large capacity to keep cool has heated up, driven by environmental and cost considerations as well as by recent improvements in our ability to design, assemble, and probe the structure and chemistry of small molecules. An international collaboration of researchers from Spain, Scotland, and the U.S. has utilized ALS Beamline 11.3.1 (small-molecule crystallography) to characterize the design of such "molecular coolers." The work targets the synthesis of molecular cluster compounds containing many unpaired electrons ("nanomagnets") for applications involving enhanced magnetic refrigeration at very low temperatures.
W ? production in vector boson fusion at NLO in QCD
The next-to-leading order QCD corrections to W gamma production in association with two jets via vector boson fusion are calculated, including the leptonic decay of the W with full off-shell effects and spin correlations. The process lends itself to a test of quartic gauge couplings. The next-to-leading order corrections reduce the scale uncertainty significantly and show a non-trivial phase space dependence.
Francisco Campanario; Nicolas Kaiser; Dieter Zeppenfeld
Scalar and vector contributions to p p yields. Lambda. Lambda
A quark model which includes both scalar and vector contributions to the reaction {bar p}p {yields} {bar {Lambda}}{Lambda} is presented. DWBA calculations of differential cross sections, polarizations and spin correlation coefficients are compared to experimental results at several energies. The results are sensitive to details of the reaction mechanism and to the parameters of the {bar {Lambda}}{Lambda} interaction. 10 refs., 5 figs.
Alberg, M.A. (Seattle Univ., WA (USA). Dept. of Physics Washington Univ., Seattle, WA (USA). Dept. of Physics); Henley, E.M.; Wilets, L. (Washington Univ., Seattle, WA (USA). Dept. of Physics); Kunz, P.D. (Colorado Univ., Boulder, CO (USA). Nuclear Physics Lab.)
Methods of treating Parkinson's disease using viral vectors
Methods of delivering viral vectors, particularly recombinant AAV virions, to the central nervous system (CNS) are provided for the treatment of CNS disorders, particularly those disorders which involve the neurotransmitter dopamine. The methods entail providing rAAV virions that comprise a transgene encoding aromatic amino acid decarboxylase (AADC) and administering the virions to the brain of a mammal using a non-manual pump.
Bankiewicz, Krys; Cunningham, Janet
Magnetic latching solenoid
This invention discloses a D.C. magnetic latching solenoid that retains a moving armature in a first or second position by means of a pair of magnets, thereby having a zero-power requirement after actuation. The first or second position is selected by reversing the polarity of the D.C. voltage which is enough to overcome the holding power of either magnet and transfer the armature to an opposite position. The coil is then de-energized.
Marts, Donna J. (Idaho Falls, ID); Richardson, John G. (Idaho Falls, ID); Albano, Richard K. (Idaho Falls, ID); Morrison, Jr., John L. (Idaho Falls, ID)
Pulse magnetic welder
A welder is described for automated closure of fuel pins by a pulsed magnetic process in which the open end of a length of cladding is positioned within a complementary tube surrounded by a pulsed magnetic welder. Seals are provided at each end of the tube, which can be evacuated or can receive tag gas for direct introduction to the cladding interior. Loading of magnetic rings and end caps is accomplished automatically in conjunction with the welding steps carried out within the tube.
Christiansen, D.W.; Brown, W.F.
Observation of high-lying resonances in the H sup minus ion
This dissertation reports the observation of several series of resonances, for which both electrons are in excited states, in the photodetachment cross section of H{sup {minus}}. These {sup 1}P doubly-excited states interfere with the continuum in which they are embedded, and appear as dips in the production cross section of excited neutral hydrogen. The experiment was performed by intersecting an 800 MeV H{sup {minus}} beam with a (266 nm) laser beam at varying angles; the relativistic Doppler shift then tuned'' the photon energy in the barycentric frame. The process was observed by using a magnet strong enough the strip the electrons from the excited hydrogen atoms in selected states n and detecting the resulting protons, which allowed the isolation of the individual n channels. Three resonances are clearly visible in each channel. The data support recent theoretical calculations for the positions of doubly-excited {sup 1}P resonances, and verify a new Rydberg-like formula for the modified Coulomb potential.
Harris, P.G. (Los Alamos National Lab., NM (USA) New Mexico Univ., Albuquerque, NM (USA). Dept. of Physics and Astronomy)
The Effect of Vector Meson Decays on Dihadron Fragmentation Functions
Dihadron Fragmentation Functions (DFF) provide a vast amount of information on the intricate details of the parton hadronization process. Moreover, they provide a unique access to the "clean" extraction of nucleon transversity parton distribution functions in semi inclusive deep inelastic two hadron production process with a transversely polarised target. On the example of the u \\to \\pi^+ \\pi^-, we analyse the properties of unpolarised DFFs using their probabilistic interpretation. We use both the NJL-jet hadronization model and PYTHIA 8.1 event generator to explore the effect of the strong decays of the vector mesons produced in the quark hadronization process on the pseudoscalar DFFs. Our study shows that, even though it is less probable to produce vector mesons in the hadronization process than pseudo scalar mesons of the same charge, the products of their strong decays drastically affect the DFFs for pions because of the large combinatorial factors. Thus, an accurate description of both vector meson production and decays are crucial for theoretical understanding of DFFs.
Hrayr H. Matevosyan; Anthony W. Thomas; Wolfgang Bentz
Magnetically leviated superconducting bearing
A magnetically levitated superconducting bearing includes a magnet (2) mounted on a shaft (12) that is rotatable around an axis of rotation and a Type II superconductor (6) supported on a stator (14) in proximity to the magnet (2). The superconductor (6) is positioned so that when it is cooled to its superconducting state in the presence of a magnetic field, it interacts with the magnet (2) to produce an attractive force that levitates the magnet (2) and supports a load on the shaft (12). The interaction between the superconductor (6) and magnet(2) also produces surface screening currents (8) that generate a repulsive force perpendicular to the load. The bearing also has means for maintaining the superconductor at a temperature below its critical temperature (16, 18). The bearing could also be constructed so the magnet (2) is supported on the stator (14) and the superconductor (6) is mounted on the shaft (12). The bearing can be operated by cooling the superconductor (6) to its superconducting state in the presence of a magnetic field.
Weinberger, Bernard R. (Avon, CT); Lynds, Jr., Lahmer (Glastonbury, CT)
Rare Earth Magnets
Mar 6, 2013 ... Performance and Endurance of Nd-Fe-B Sintered Magnets in E-Motor Application Conditions: Martina Moore1; Ralph Sueptitz1; Margitta�...
Aug 8, 2013 ... Current high performance permanent magnets (PM) for traction motors of (hybrid) electric vehicles use substantial amount of Dy in Nd-Fe-B�...
Nanostructrured Magnetic Materials
Aug 8, 2013 ... The demand for OFF-ON becomes increasingly important as ... The residual magnetic flux density and maximum energy product of the�...
Magnetic Materials and Properties
Aug 5, 2013 ... Following vacuum distillation of the Mg-RE alloy, 98% pure RE metals can be recovered, which are then used to synthesize permanent magnet�...
Magnetism Highlights| Neutron Science | ORNL
Magnetism Magnetism SHARE Magnetism Highlights 1-5 of 5 Results ARCS maps collaborative magnetic spin behavior in iron telluride December 01, 2011 - Researchers have long thought that magnetism and superconductivity are mutually exclusive. The former typically involves localized atomic electrons. The latter requires freely propagating, itinerant electrons. Unexpected Magnetic Excitations in Doped Insulator Surprise Researchers October 01, 2011 - When doping a disordered magnetic insulator material with atoms of a nonmagnetic material, the conventional wisdom is that the magnetic interactions between the magnetic ions in the material will be weakened. Neutron Analysis Reveals Unique Atomic-Scale Behavior of "Cobalt Blue" September 01, 2011 - Neutron scattering studies of "cobalt blue," a
BEPC-II Magnet Project | Superconducting Magnet Division
BEPC-II Magnet Project BEPC-II Magnet Project Project Overview The BEPC-II magnets are Interaction Region magnets to be used as part of an upgrade to the Beijing Electron Positron Collider. Two magnets will be produced, both of which will be inserted within the solenoidal detector at one of the collision points. Since the best use of the quadrupole focusing in this case requires placing the magnet as close to the collision point as possible, these magnets will be used within the magnetic field of the detector. This constrains the materials that can be used for construction to only non-magnetic materials. It also places severe demands on the structure of the magnet and it's holding supports due to the reaction forces between the solenoid and the magnet. To create the coil pattern for the final magnet, the coils will be
Magnetic Charge of the Stark States of Hydrogen Atoms
It is conjectured that Stark states of excited hydrogen atom posses magnetic charge for which the quantum mechanical operator is $${\\cal G}_{op} = {e\\over \\hbar} (\\vec\\sigma\\cdot\\vec A)$$ where $\\vec A$ is the Runge-Lenz vector. The expectation value $g$ of this operator for Stark states is found to be $$ g = e(n_1-n_2)$$ which obeys a Dirac-Saha type quantization formula $${eg\\over c} = (n_1-n_2)\\alpha$$ where $\\alpha$ is the fine structure constant and $n_1$ and $n_2$ are parabolic quantum numbers. An experimental arrangement is outlined to test this conjecture.
Anomalous magnetic moment of an electron near a dispersive surface
Changes in the magnetic moment of an electron near a dielectric or conducting surface due to boundary-dependent radiative corrections are investigated. The electromagnetic field is quantized by normal mode expansion for a non-dispersive dielectric and an undamped plasma, but the electron is described by the Dirac equation without matter-field quantization. Perturbation theory in the Dirac equation leads to a general formula for the magnetic moment shift in terms of integrals over products of electromagnetic mode functions. In each of the models investigated contour integration techniques over a complex wave vector can be used to derive a general formula featuring just integrals over transverse electric and transverse magnetic reflection coefficients of the surface. Analysis of the magnetic moment shift for several classes of materials yields markedly different results from the previously considered simplistic 'perfect reflector' model, due to the inclusion of physically important features of the electromagnetic response of the surface such as evanescent field modes and dispersion in the material. For a general dispersive dielectric surface, the magnetic moment shift of a nearby electron can exceed the previous prediction of the perfect-reflector model by several orders of magnitude.
Robert Bennett; Claudia Eberlein
Passive magnetic bearing configurations
A journal bearing provides vertical and radial stability to a rotor of a passive magnetic bearing system when the rotor is not rotating and when it is rotating. In the passive magnetic bearing system, the rotor has a vertical axis of rotation. Without the journal bearing, the rotor is vertically and radially unstable when stationary, and is vertically stable and radially unstable when rotating.
Post, Richard F. (Walnut Creek, CA)
Over the last few years, several novel magnet designs have been introduced to meet the requirements of new, high performance accelerators and beam lines. For example, the FAIR project at GSI requires superconducting magnets ramped at high rates ({approx} 4 T/s) in order to achieve the design intensity. Magnets for the RIA and FAIR projects and for the next generation of LHC interaction regions will need to withstand high doses of radiation. Helical magnets are required to maintain and control the polarization of high energy protons at RHIC. In other cases, novel magnets have been designed in response to limited budgets and space. For example, it is planned to use combined function superconducting magnets for the 50 GeV proton transport line at J-PARC to satisfy both budget and performance requirements. Novel coil winding methods have been developed for short, large aperture magnets such as those used in the insertion region upgrade at BEPC. This paper will highlight the novel features of these exotic magnets.
Magnetization of neutron star matter
The magnetization of neutron star matter in magnetic fields is studied by employing the FSUGold interaction. It is found that the magnetic susceptibilities of the charged particles (proton, electron and muon) can be larger than that of neutron. The effects of the anomalous magnetic moments (AMM) of each component on the magnetic susceptibility are examined in detail. It is found that the proton and electron AMM affect their respective magnetic susceptibility evidently in strong magnetic fields. In addition, they are the protons instead of the electrons that contribute most significantly to the magnetization of the neutron star matter in a relative weak magnetic field, and the induced magnetic field due to the magnetization can be appear to be very large. Finally, the effect of the density-dependent symmetry energy on the magnetization is discussed.
Dong, Jianmin; Gu, Jianzhong
Cool Magnetic Molecules Print Cool Magnetic Molecules Print Certain materials are known to heat up or cool down when they are exposed to a changing magnetic field. This is known as the magnetocaloric effect. All magnetic materials exhibit this effect, but in most cases, it is too small to be technologically useful. Recently, however, the search for special molecules with a surprisingly large capacity to keep cool has heated up, driven by environmental and cost considerations as well as by recent improvements in our ability to design, assemble, and probe the structure and chemistry of small molecules. An international collaboration of researchers from Spain, Scotland, and the U.S. has utilized ALS Beamline 11.3.1 (small-molecule crystallography) to characterize the design of such "molecular coolers." The work targets the synthesis of molecular cluster compounds containing many unpaired electrons ("nanomagnets") for applications involving enhanced magnetic refrigeration at very low temperatures.
Magnet pole tips
An improved magnet which more easily provides a radially increasing magnetic field, as well as reduced fringe field and requires less power for a given field intensity. The subject invention comprises a pair of spaced, opposed magnetic poles which further comprise a pair of pole roots, each having a pole tip attached to its center. The pole tips define the gap between the magnetic poles and at least a portion of each pole tip is separated from its associated pole root. The separation begins at a predetermined distance from the center of the pole root and increases with increasing radial distance while being constant with azimuth within that portion. Magnets in accordance with the subject invention have been found to be particularly advantageous for use in large isochronous cyclotrons.
Thorn, Craig E. (Wading River, NY); Chasman, Chellis (Setauket, NY); Baltz, Anthony J. (Coram, NY)
An improved magnet more easily provides a radially increasing magnetic field, as well as reduced fringe field and requires less power for a given field intensity. The subject invention comprises a pair of spaced, opposed magnetic poles which further comprise a pair of pole roots, each having a pole tip attached to its center. The pole tips define the gap between the magnetic poles and at least a portion of each pole tip is separated from its associated pole root. The separation begins at a predetermined distance from the center of the pole root and increases with increasing radial distance while being constant with azimuth within that portion. Magnets in accordance with the subject invention have been found to be particularly advantageous for use in large isochronous cyclotrons.
Thorn, C.E.; Chasman, C.; Baltz, A.J.
Superconducting Magnet Division
3 - 6/13/06 3 - 6/13/06 Superconducting Magnet Division S&T Committee Program Review June 22-23, 2006 Conference Room A, Bldg. 725, BNL DRAFT AGENDA Thursday, June 22 0830 Executive Session to address the charge S. Aronson (25 min) 0855 Welcome S. Aronson (5 min) 0900 Superconducting Magnet Division Status & M. Harrison (45 + 15 min) Issues - mission statement, core competencies, themes, program, problems, etc. 1000 Themes - Nb3Sn, HTS, Direct wind, Accelerator integration, P. Wanderer (20 + 10 min) rapid cycling Core Competencies 1030 Superconducting Materials A. Ghosh (20 + 5 min) 1055 Break 1110 Magnetic Design R. Gupta (20 + 5 min) 1135 Magnet Construction M. Anerella (20 + 5 min) 1200 Magnet Testing G. Ganetis (20 + 5 min)
Magnetic Thin Films and Devices
... metal atoms that form small magnets with Curie ... a toggle operation of the magnetic state of ... A high-frequency probe driving a microwave waveguide ...
Nanostructured Materials for Magnetic Refrigeration
... of Nd-Fe-B Magnets to the Megawatt Scale Generator for the Wind Turbine ... Low Loss, High Power Density Magnetics in Inductor/Transformer Cores for Army �...
Search Publications | Superconducting Magnet Division
Rapid Cycling Magnets Helical Magnets HERA upgrade LHC IR Dipoles RHIC Publications Search Publications Selected Cryogenic Data Notebook Proceedings of the 1968 Summer Study on...
Experiment Hazard Class 9 - Magnets
hazard classification applies to all experiments involving magnets, magnetic fields, and electric fields. Other hazard classifications such as electrical safety and their...
Permanent Magnets for Energy Applications
Mar 13, 2012 ... Magnetic Materials for Energy Applications II: Permanent Magnets for ... to 500% in the last 12 months, the most unstable being the price of Dy.
Low-lying spectra of {sup 9}{Lambda}Be and {sup 9}Be within three-cluster model
An {alpha}-cluster model is applied to study the low-lying spectra of the {sup 9}{Lambda}Be and {sup 9}Be nuclei. The {alpha}{alpha}{Lambda} and {alpha}{alpha}n three-body problems are numerically solved by the Faddeev equations in configuration space using phenomenological pair potentials with spin-orbital {alpha}{Lambda} and {alpha}n interactions taken into account. For the {sup 9}{Lambda}Be hypernucleus we found a set of the potentials that reproduces the experimental data for the ground state (1/2 {sup +}) binding energy and excitation energy of the 5/2{sup +} and 3/2 {sup +} states, simultaneously. The LS coupling scheme is used for partial wave analysis. The total orbital momentum is fixed for each energy level. Under this assumption we calculated the {sup 9}Be spectrum within {alpha}{alpha}n model. The experiential data are well reproduced by the model, when a new classification for low-lying levels of {sup 9}Be as members of spin-flip doublets is applied.
Filikhin, I.; Suslov, V. M.; Vlahovic, B. [North Carolina Central University, 1801 Fayetteville Street, Durham, NC 27707 (United States)
Charged heavy vector boson production at the Large Hadron Collider
We evaluate the sensitivity of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) to charged heavy vector boson production followed by their decays to $W^\\pm Z^0$. We include the correlated decays of the gauge bosons to leptonic final states. With an integrated luminosity of $10^5$ pb$^{-1}$, charged technirhos in the minimal SU(N)$_{TC}$ model for $N\\geq 7$ yield signals with a significance larger than 5. In more general models, we explore the range of parameter space to which LHC experiments will be sensitive. Rapidity correlations exhibiting enhanced longitudinal gauge boson pair production are also shown.
Dal Soo Oh; M. H. Reno
Holomorphic Vector Bundles, Knots and the Rozansky-Witten Invariants
Link invariants, for 3-manifolds, are defined in the context of the Rozansky-Witten theory. To each knot in the link one associates a holomorphic bundle over a holomorphic symplectic manifold X. The invariants are evaluated for b_{1}(M) \\geq 1 and X Hyper-Kaehler. To obtain invariants of Hyper-Kaehler X one finds that the holomorphic vector bundles must be hyper-holomorphic. This condition is derived and explained. Some results for X not Hyper-Kaehler are presented.
George Thompson
Electron Fabry-Perot interferometer with two entangled magnetic impurities
We consider a one-dimensional (1D) wire along which single conduction electrons can propagate in the presence of two spin-1/2 magnetic impurities. The electron may be scattered by each impurity via a contact-exchange interaction and thus a spin-flip generally occurs at each scattering event. Adopting a quantum waveguide theory approach, we derive the stationary states of the system at all orders in the electron-impurity exchange coupling constant. This allows us to investigate electron transmission for arbitrary initial states of the two impurity spins. We show that for suitable electron wave vectors, the triplet and singlet maximally entangled spin states of the impurities can respectively largely inhibit the electron transport or make the wire completely transparent for any electron spin state. In the latter case, a resonance condition can always be found, representing an anomalous behaviour compared to typical decoherence induced by magnetic impurities. We provide an explanation for these phenomena in term...
Ciccarello, F; Palma, G M; Vieira, V R; Zarcone, M
Magnetically Driven Accretion
We carried out 2.5-dimensional resistive magnetohydrodynamic simulations to study the effects of magnetic diffusivity on magnetically driven mass accretion and jet formation. The initial state is a constant angular-momentum torus threaded by large-scale vertical magnetic fields. Since the angular momentum of the torus is extracted due to magnetic braking, the torus medium falls toward the central region. The infalling matter twists the large-scale magnetic fields and drives bipolar jets. We found that (1) when the normalized magnetic diffusivity, �? ? ?/(r0VK0), where VK0 is the Keplerian rotation speed at a reference radius r = r0, is small (�? ? 10 ?3), mass accretion and jet formation take place intermittently; (2) when 10 ?3 ? �? ? 10 ?2, the system evolves toward a quasi-steady state; and (3) when �? ? 10 ?2 the accretion/mass 1 outflow rate decreases with �? and approaches 0. The results of these simulations indicate that in the center of a galaxy which has a super-massive ( ? 10 9 M?) black hole, a massive ( ? 10 8 M?) gas torus and magnetic braking provide a mass accretion rate which is sufficient to explain the activity of AGNs when �? ? 5 � 10?2.
Takuhito Kuwabara; Kazunari Shibata; Takahiro Kudoh
Moment free toroidal magnet
A toroidal magnet for confining a high magnetic field for use in fusion reactor research and nuclear particle detection. The magnet includes a series of conductor elements arranged about and fixed at its small major radius portion to the outer surface of a central cylindrical support each conductor element having a geometry such as to maintain the conductor elements in pure tension when a high current flows therein, and a support assembly which redistributes all or part of the tension which would otherwise arise in the small major radius portion of each coil element to the large major radius portion thereof.
Bonanos, Peter (East Brunswick, NJ)
Magnetic field generator
A magnetic field generating device provides a useful magnetic field within a specific retgion, while keeping nearby surrounding regions virtually field free. By placing an appropriate current density along a flux line of the source, the stray field effects of the generator may be contained. One current carrying structure may support a truncated cosine distribution, and it may be surrounded by a current structure which follows a flux line that would occur in a full coaxial double cosine distribution. Strong magnetic fields may be generated and contained using superconducting cables to approximate required current surfaces.
Krienin, Frank (Shoreham, NY)
Permanent magnet energy conversion machine with magnet mounting arrangement
A hybrid permanent magnet dc motor includes three sets of permanent magnets supported by the rotor and three sets of corresponding stators fastened to the surrounding frame. One set of magnets operates across a radial gap with a surrounding radial gap stator, and the other two sets of magnets operate off the respective ends of the rotor across respective axial gaps.
Hsu, John S. (Oak Ridge, TN); Adams, Donald J. (Knoxville, TN)
Distribution of Magnetic Discontinuities in the Solar Wind and in MHD Turbulence
The statistical properties of magnetic discontinuities in the solar wind are investigated by measuring fluctuations in the magnetic field direction, given by the rotation Delta theta that the magnetic field vector undergoes during time interval Delta t. We show that the probability density function for rotations, P(Delta theta), can be described by a simple model in which the magnetic field vector rotates with a relative increment (Delta B)/B that is lognormally distributed. We find that the probability density function of increments, P((Delta B)/B), has a remarkable scaling property: the normalized variable x=[(Delta B)/B]*[(Delta t)/(Delta t_0)]^-a has a universal lognormal distribution for all time intervals Delta t. We then compare measurements from the solar wind with those from direct numerical simulations of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) turbulence. We find good agreement for P(Delta theta) obtained in the two cases when the magnetic guide-field to fluctuations ratio B_0/b_rms is chosen accordingly. However, the scale invariance of P((Delta B)/B) is broken in the MHD simulations with relatively limited inertial interval, which causes P(Delta theta) to scale with measurement interval differently than in the solar wind.
Vladimir Zhdankin; Stanislav Boldyrev; Joanne Mason
The statistical properties of magnetic discontinuities in the solar wind are investigated by measuring fluctuations in the magnetic field direction, given by the rotation {Delta}{theta} that the magnetic field vector undergoes during time interval {Delta}t. We show that the probability density function, P({Delta}{theta}), can be described by a simple model in which the magnetic field vector purely rotates with a relative increment {Delta}B/B that is lognormally distributed. We find that the probability density function of increments, P({Delta}B/B), has a remarkable scaling property: the normalized variable x = ({Delta}B/B) {center_dot} ({Delta}t/{Delta}t{sub 0}){sup -{alpha}} has a universal lognormal distribution for all time intervals {Delta}t. We then compare measurements from the solar wind with those from direct numerical simulations of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) turbulence. We find good agreement for P({Delta}{theta}) obtained in the two cases when the magnetic guide field to fluctuations ratio B{sub 0}/b{sub rms} is chosen accordingly. However, the scale invariance of P({Delta}B/B) is broken in the MHD simulations with relatively limited inertial interval, which causes P({Delta}{theta}) to scale with measurement interval differently than in the solar wind.
Zhdankin, Vladimir; Boldyrev, Stanislav [Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1150 University Avenue, Madison, WI 53706 (United States); Mason, Joanne [Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637 (United States)
Real-time individualized training vectors for experiential learning.
Military training utilizing serious games or virtual worlds potentially generate data that can be mined to better understand how trainees learn in experiential exercises. Few data mining approaches for deployed military training games exist. Opportunities exist to collect and analyze these data, as well as to construct a full-history learner model. Outcomes discussed in the present document include results from a quasi-experimental research study on military game-based experiential learning, the deployment of an online game for training evidence collection, and results from a proof-of-concept pilot study on the development of individualized training vectors. This Lab Directed Research & Development (LDRD) project leveraged products within projects, such as Titan (Network Grand Challenge), Real-Time Feedback and Evaluation System, (America's Army Adaptive Thinking and Leadership, DARWARS Ambush! NK), and Dynamic Bayesian Networks to investigate whether machine learning capabilities could perform real-time, in-game similarity vectors of learner performance, toward adaptation of content delivery, and quantitative measurement of experiential learning.
Willis, Matt; Tucker, Eilish Marie; Raybourn, Elaine Marie; Glickman, Matthew R.; Fabian, Nathan
Attitude control of a spinning rocket via thrust vectoring
Two controllers are developed to provide attitude control of a spinning rocket that has a thrust vectoring capability. The first controller has a single-input/single-output design that ignores the gyroscopic coupling between the control channels. The second controller has a multi-input/multi-output structure that is specifically intended to account for the gyroscopic coupling effects. A performance comparison between the two approached is conducted for a range of roll rates. Each controller is tested for the ability to track step commands, and for the amount of coupling impurity. Both controllers are developed via a linear-quadratic-regulator synthesis procedure, which is motivated by the multi-input/multi-output nature of second controller. Time responses and a singular value analysis are used to evaluate controller performance. This paper describes the development and comparison of two controllers that are designed to provide attitude control of a spinning rocket that is equipped with thrust vector control. 12 refs., 13 figs., 2 tabs.
White, J.E.
AFRD - Superconducting Magnets
Superconducting Magnets Superconducting Magnets Home Organization Diversity Safety Links Gallery/History Updated July 2008 Ever-stronger magnets (which must be cost-effective as well) are a key to building tomorrow's high-energy accelerators and upgrading today's. Our role not only a leading R&D group but also the administrators of the multi-institutional National Conductor Development Program to create both evolutionary improvements and paradigm shifts in the application of accelerator magnets, providing innovative technology that enables new science. Improvements in conductor, innovative structures to solve the challenges of high fields and brittle superconductors, and integration of computerized design and analysis tools are key. The performance requirements of modern accelerators continue to press the
Magnetic gripper device
A climbing apparatus is provided for climbing ferromagnetic surfaces, such as storage tanks and steel frame structures. A magnet assembly is rotatably mounted in a frame assembly. The frame assembly provides a pair of cam surfaces having different dimensions so that, when the frame is rotated, the cam surfaces contact the ferromagnetic surface to separate the magnet assembly from the surface. The different cam dimensions enable one side of the magnet at a time to be detached from the surface to reduce the effort needed to disengage the climbing apparatus. The cam surface also provides for smoothly attaching the apparatus. A hardened dowel pin is also attached to the frame and the pointed end of the dowel engages the surface when the magnet is attached to the surface to prevent downward sliding movement of the assembly under the weight of the user.
Meyer, R.E.
Computing with magnets
Researchers are finding ways to develop ultra-efficient and nonvolatile computer processors out of nanoscale magnets. A number of obstacles, however, stand in the way of their commercialization.
Gary Anthes
Superconducting combined function magnets
Superconducting accelerators and storage rings, presently under construction or in the design phase, are based on separate dipole and quadrupole magnets. It is here suggested that a hybrid lattice configuration consisting of dipoles and combined function gradient magnets would: (1) reduce the number of magnet units and their total cost; and (2) increase the filling factor and thus the energy at a given field. Coil cross sections are presented for the example of the Brookhaven Colliding Beam Accelerator. An asymmetric two-layer cable gradient magnet would have transfer functions of 10.42 G/A and 0.628 G cm/sup -1//A versus 15.77 G/A and 2.03 G cm/sup -1//A of the present separate dipoles and quadrupoles.
Hahn, H.; Fernow, R.C.
Modular tokamak magnetic system
A modular tokamak system comprised of a plurality of interlocking modules. Each module is comprised of a vacuum vessel section, a toroidal field coil, modular saddle coils which generate a poloidal magnetic field and ohmic heating coils.
Yang, Tien-Fang
MAGNET DIVISION CY 2013 Tier 1 Inspection Schedule Frequency Building Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 S 902B (Offices) 11713 62013 S 902A (Offices) 11713 62013 Q 902-High Bay Shop 22113 5...
Magnetics Laboratory Magnetics Laboratory Manufacturing Technologies The Magnetics Lab provides customers with design, prototyping, packaging solutions and production of unique magnetic and resistive components from millivolts to extremely high voltage (250KV) components. Capabilities * Design review of specification and requirements * Design and develop from sketches, verbal ideas, or circuit design parameters * Coil windings of any size or configuration * Coil diameter from 0.1 to 24 inches * Low temperature and high temperature coils * Precision resistors from 0.1 ohms to 2 megaohms (non-inductive) * Special high voltage transformers (2KV to 250KV) and high voltage loads (38K ohms to 100K ohms and 2KV to 250KV) Resources * Computer Aided Mechanical Design (Solid Works 3D CAD System) for mechanical
Electronic, Magnetic & Photonic Materials Division
... Committee � Energy Conversion and Storage Committee � Magnetic Materials Committee � Nanomaterials Committee � Thin Films and Interfaces Committee.
the magnetic field and its effect on moving charges. You also saw how electric currents could create magnetic the magnetic flux through a coil of wire to produce an electric current. You will investigate the current are necessary for a magnetic field to produce an electric current. · Determine the direction of a current
Minnesota, University of
Magnetic fluorescent lamp
The radiant emission of a mercury-argon discharge in a fluorescent lamp assembly is enhanced by providing means for establishing a magnetic field with lines of force along the path of electron flow through the bulb of the lamp assembly, to provide Zeeman splitting of the ultraviolet spectral line. Optimum results are obtained when the magnetic field strength causes a Zeeman splitting of approximately 1.7 times the thermal line width.
Berman, S.M.; Richardson R.W.
A unit vector for characterizing the spin polarization of free electron
New degrees of freedom having the form of a unit vector are identified for characterizing the spin polarization of free electron. It is shown that when only the spin is considered, the non-commutativity of the Cartesian components of the Pauli vector allows us to use the azimuthal angle of a second direction, denoted by unit vector $\\mathbf I$, with respect to the quantization direction to characterize the spin polarization. The rotation of $\\mathbf I$ through an angle about the quantization axis leads to a rotation of the spin polarization vector through twice the angle about the same axis. Discussions are also made in Heisenberg picture as well. Upon utilizing this approach to a free electron and letting the quantization direction for each plane wave be the wave vector, we arrive at a representation in which the unit vector $\\mathbf I$ functions as an independent index to characterize the spin polarization.
Chun-Fang Li; Yan Wang
A CMOS vector lock-in amplifier for sensor applications
The design of an integrated lock-in amplifier is discussed, specifically conceived for the detection of low-level signals at a harmonic of the drive frequency in magnetically excited resonant structures. The circuit includes in-phase and quadrature analogue ... Keywords: CMOS analog design, Lock-in amplifier, Low-frequency LNA, Low-level measurements, Mechanical resonator
Cristiano Azzolini; Alessandro Magnanini; Matteo Tonelli; Giovanni Chiorboli; Carlo Morandi
Freely oriented portable superconducting magnet
A freely oriented portable superconducting magnet is disclosed. Coolant is supplied to the superconducting magnet from a repository separate from the magnet, enabling portability of the magnet. A plurality of support assemblies structurally anchor and thermally isolate the magnet within a thermal shield. A plurality of support assemblies structurally anchor and thermally isolate the thermal shield within a vacuum vessel. The support assemblies restrain movement of the magnet resulting from energizing and cooldown, as well as from changes in orientation, enabling the magnet to be freely orientable.
Schmierer, Eric N. (Los Alamos, NM); Prenger, F. Coyne (Los Alamos, NM); Hill, Dallas D. (Los Alamos, NM)
On the Reflection Type Decomposition of the Adjoint Reduced Phase Space of a Compact Semisimple Lie group
We consider a system with symmetries whose configuration space is a compact Lie group, acted upon by inner automorphisms. The classical reduced phase space of this system decomposes into connected components of orbit type subsets. To investigate hypothetical quantum effects of this decomposition one has to construct the associated costratification of the Hilbert space of the quantum system in the sense of Huebschmann. In the present paper, instead of the decomposition by orbit types, we consider the related decomposition by reflection types (conjugacy classes of reflection subgroups). These two decompositions turn out to coincide e.g. for the classical groups SU(n) and Sp(n). We derive defining relations for reflection type subsets in terms of irreducible characters and discuss how to obtain from that the corresponding costratification of the Hilbert space of the system. To illustrate the method, we give explicit results for some low rank classical groups.
Martin Hofmann; Gerd Rudolph; Matthias Schmidt
RHIC Project | Superconducting Magnet Division
RHIC Project RHIC Project The Superconducting Magnet Division supplied 1740 magnetic elements, in 888 cryostats, for the RHIC facility at BNL. Of these, 780 magnetic elements were manufactured by Northrop-Grumman (Bethpage, NY) and 360 were made by Everson Electric (Bethlehem, PA). The magnets made in industry used designs developed at BNL. The first cooldown of the magnets for the RHIC engineering run was in 1999. Since then, the magnets have operated very reliably. arc dipole coil and yoke Arc dipole coil and yoke, with magnetic flux lines The magnets provide modest field (3.45 Teslas in the arc dipoles) in a cost-effective design. Key features in the principal bending and focusing magnets include the use of NbTi Rutherford cable, a single-layer coil, and cold iron as both yoke and collar. The magnets operate in forced-flow
Ground Magnetics | Open Energy Information
Ground Magnetics Ground Magnetics Jump to: navigation, search GEOTHERMAL ENERGYGeothermal Home Exploration Technique: Ground Magnetics Details Activities (15) Areas (12) Regions (0) NEPA(1) Exploration Technique Information Exploration Group: Geophysical Techniques Exploration Sub Group: Magnetic Techniques Parent Exploration Technique: Magnetic Techniques Information Provided by Technique Lithology: Presence of magnetic minerals such as magnetite. Stratigraphic/Structural: Mapping of basement structures, horst blocks, fault systems, fracture zones, dykes and intrusions. Hydrological: The circulation of hydrothermal fluid may impact the magnetic susceptibility of rocks. Thermal: Rocks lose their magnetic properties at the Curie temperature (580° C for magnetite) [1] and, upon cooling, remagnetize in the present magnetic field orientation. The Curie point depth in the subsurface may be determined in a magnetic survey to provide information about hydrothermal activity in a region.
Indirect vector control of a squirrel cage induction generator wind turbine
The paper deals with a squirrel cage induction generator connected to the grid through a back-to-back converter driven by vector control. The stator-side converter controls the generator torque by means of an indirect vector control scheme. In order ... Keywords: Back-to-back converter, Low voltage ride through, Squirrel cage induction generator (SCIG), Torque regulation, Vector control, Wind power generation
Jos� Luis Dom�Nguez-Garc�A; Oriol Gomis-Bellmunt; Llu�S Trilla-Romero; Adri� Junyent-Ferr�
Much of our understanding of the atomic-scale magnetic structure and the dynamical properties of solids and liquids was gained from neutron-scattering studies. Elastic and inelastic neutron spectroscopy provided physicists with an unprecedented, detailed access to spin structures, magnetic-excitation spectra, soft-modes and critical dynamics at magnetic-phase transitions, which is unrivaled by other experimental techniques. Because the neutron has no electric charge, it is an ideal weakly interacting and highly penetrating probe of matter's inner structure and dynamics. Unlike techniques using photon electric fields or charged particles (e.g., electrons, muons) that significantly modify the local electronic environment, neutron spectroscopy allows determination of a material's intrinsic, unperturbed physical properties. The method is not sensitive to extraneous charges, electric fields, and the imperfection of surface layers. Because the neutron is a highly penetrating and non-destructive probe, neutron spectroscopy can probe the microscopic properties of bulk materials (not just their surface layers) and study samples embedded in complex environments, such as cryostats, magnets, and pressure cells, which are essential for understanding the physical origins of magnetic phenomena. Neutron scattering is arguably the most powerful and versatile experimental tool for studying the microscopic properties of the magnetic materials. The magnitude of the cross-section of the neutron magnetic scattering is similar to the cross-section of nuclear scattering by short-range nuclear forces, and is large enough to provide measurable scattering by the ordered magnetic structures and electron spin fluctuations. In the half-a-century or so that has passed since neutron beams with sufficient intensity for scattering applications became available with the advent of the nuclear reactors, they have became indispensable tools for studying a variety of important areas of modern science, ranging from large-scale structures and dynamics of polymers and biological systems, to electronic properties of today's technological materials. Neutron scattering developed into a vast field, encompassing many different experimental techniques aimed at exploring different aspects of matter's atomic structure and dynamics. Modern magnetic neutron scattering includes several specialized techniques designed for specific studies and/or particular classes of materials. Among these are magnetic reflectometry aimed at investigating surfaces, interfaces, and multilayers, small-angle scattering for the large-scale structures, such as a vortex lattice in a superconductor, and neutron spin-echo spectroscopy for glasses and polymers. Each of these techniques and many others offer exciting opportunities for examining magnetism and warrant extensive reviews, but the aim of this chapter is not to survey how different neutron-scattering methods are used to examine magnetic properties of different materials. Here, we concentrate on reviewing the basics of the magnetic neutron scattering, and on the recent developments in applying one of the oldest methods, the triple axis spectroscopy, that still is among the most extensively used ones. The developments discussed here are new and have not been coherently reviewed. Chapter 2 of this book reviews magnetic small-angle scattering, and modern techniques of neutron magnetic reflectometry are discussed in Chapter 3.
Strangeness contribution to the vector and axial form factors of the nucleon
The strangeness contribution to the vector and axial form factors of the nucleon is presented for momentum transfers in the range $0.45Lab, and elastic $\
S. F. Pate; G. A. MacLachlan; D. W. McKee; V. Papavassiliou
Argonne CNM News: Large Wave-Vector Phonon Modes in Silicon Nanomembra...
membranes through synchrotron X-ray TDS demonstrates the potential for fundamentally new experimental insights into the dynamic behavior of nanoscale solids. Large wave-vector...
Development of novel gene therapy vectors via metabolic labeling and chemoselective modification of adenovirus capsid.
??Surface modification of adenovirus vectors can improve tissue selective targeting, attenuate immunogenicity, and enable imaging of particle biodistribution; thus significantly improving therapeutic potential. Currently, surface� (more)
Banerjee, Partha Sarathi
Methods of treating parkinson's disease using viral vectors
Methods of delivering viral vectors, particularly recombinant AAV virions, to the CNS are provided. Also provided are methods of treating Parkinson's Disease.
Bankiewicz, Krys (Garrett Park, MD); Cunningham, Janet (Alameda, CA)
GSI Rapid Cycling Magnets Project | Superconducting Magnet Division
GSI Rapid Cycling Magnets Project GSI Rapid Cycling Magnets Project While superconducting magnets easily achieve higher magnetic fields at lower cost than conventional electromagnets, it is very difficult to ramp superconducting magnets very quickly. But exactly that is needed at the planned new facility of GSI, the Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung (Institute for Heavy Ion Research), in Darmstadt, Germany. In the magnets of the SIS 200 ring, one of the components of the new facility, the magnetic field must be ramped from 0.5 Tesla to 4 Tesla at a rate of 1 Tesla per second. This ramp rate is almost 25 times faster than the ramp rate of the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) magnets at Brookhaven National Lab (BNL), which ramp at a rate of 0.042 Tesla per second. While the SIS 200 magnets also require a slightly higher field strength than the
Vector Network Analyzer Techniques to measure WR340 Waveguide Windows
6 6 Vector Network Analyzer Techniques to Measure WR340 Waveguide Windows T. L. Smith ASD / RF Group Advanced Photon Source Argonne National Laboratory June 26, 2002 Table of Contents 1) Introduction 2) Objective 3) Full Two-Port Calibration 4) TRL (Thru-Reflect-Line) 5) TRL / WR340 Waveguide Window Measurement 6) Conclusions 7) References 1. Introduction In its fundamental form, network analysis involves the measurement of incident, reflected, and transmitted waves that travel along transmission lines. Measuring both magnitude and phase of components is important for several reasons. First, both measurements are required to fully characterize a linear network and ensure distortion- free transmission. To design effective matching networks, complex impedances must be
Altitude Limits for Rotating Vector Model Fitting of Pulsar Polarization
Traditional pulsar polarization sweep analysis starts from the point dipole rotating vector model (RVM) approximation. If augmented by a measurement of the sweep phase shift, one obtains an estimate of the emission altitude (Blaskiewicz, Cordes, & Wasserman). However, a more realistic treatment of field line sweepback and finite altitude effects shows that this estimate breaks down at modest altitude ~ 0.1R_{LC}. Such radio emission altitudes turn out to be relevant to the young energetic and millisecond pulsars that dominate the \\gamma-ray population. We quantify the breakdown height as a function of viewing geometry and provide simple fitting formulae that allow observers to correct RVM-based height estimates, preserving reasonable accuracy to R ~ 0.3R_{LC}. We discuss briefly other observables that can check and improve height estimates.
Craig, H A
Charmonium Decays to Axial-Vector Plus Pseudoscalar Mesons
A sample of 3.79{times}10{sup 6} {psi}(2S) events is used to study the decays of charmonium to axial-vector plus pseudoscalar mesons. The branching fraction for the decay {psi}(2S){r_arrow}b{sup {plus_minus}}{sub 1} (1235){pi}{sup {minus_plus}} agrees with expectations based on scaling the corresponding J/{psi} branching fraction. Flavor-SU(3)-violating K{sub 1}(1270) -K{sub 1}(1400) asymmetries with opposite character for {psi}(2S) and J/{psi} decays are observed. This contrasting behavior cannot be accommodated by adjustments of the singlet-triplet mixing angle. {copyright} {ital 1999} {ital The American Physical Society}
Bai, J.Z.; Bian, J.G.; Chen, G.P.; Chen, J.C.; Chen, Y.; Chen, Y.B.; Chen, Y.Q.; Cheng, B.S.; Cui, X.Z.; Ding, H.L.; Dong, L.Y.; Du, Z.Z.; Gao, C.S.; Gao, M.L.; Gao, S.Q.; Gu, J.H.; Gu, S.D.; Gu, W.X.; Gu, Y.F.; Guo, Y.N.; Han, S.W.; Han, Y.; He, J.; He, J.T.; He, K.L.; Hu, G.Y.; Hu, H.M.; Hu, J.L.; Hu, Q.H.; Hu, T.; Hu, X.Q.; Huang, Y.Z.; Jiang, C.H.; Jin, Y.; Ke, Z.J.; Lai, Y.F.; Lang, P.F.; Li, C.G.; Li, D.; Li, H.B.; Li, J.; Li, P.Q.; Li, R.B.; Li, W.; Li, W.G.; Li, X.H.; Li, X.N.; Liu, H.M.; Liu, J.; Liu, R.G.; Liu, Y.; Lu, F.; Lu, J.G.; Luo, X.L.; Ma, E.C.; Ma, J.M.; Mao, H.S.; Mao, Z.P.; Meng, X.C.; Nie, J.; Qi, N.D.; Qi, X.R.; Qiu, J.F.; Qu, Y.H.; Que, Y.K.; Rong, G.; Shao, Y.Y.; Shen, B.W.; Shen, D.L.; Shen, H.; Shen, X.Y.; Sheng, H.Y.; Shi, H.Z.; Song, X.F.; Sun, F.; Sun, H.S.; Sun, Y.; Sun, Y.Z.; Tang, S.Q.; Tong, G.L.; Wang, F.; Wang, L.S.; Wang, L.Z.; Wang, M.; Wang, P.; Wang, P.L.; Wang, S.M.; Wang, T.J.; Wang, Y.Y.; Wei, C.L.; Wu, Y.G.; Xi, D.M.; Xia, X.M.; Xie, P.P.; Xie, Y.; Xie, Y.H.; Xu, G.F.; Xue, S.T.; Yan, J.; Yan, W.G.; Yang, C.M.; Yang, C.Y.; Yang, J.; Yang, X.F.; Ye, M.H.; Yu, C.S.; Yu, C.X.; Yu, G.W.; Yu, Z.Q.; Yuan, C.Z.; Yuan, Y.; Zhang, B.Y.; Zhang, C.C.; Zhang, D.H.; Zhang, D.; Zhang, H.L.; Zhang, J.; Zhang, J.W.; Zhang, L.S.; Zhang, Q.J.; Zhang, S.Q.; Zhang, Y.Y.; Zhao, D.X.; Zhao, H.W.; Zhao, J.W.; Zhao, M.; Zhao, W.R.; Zhao, Z.G.; Zheng, J.P.; Zheng, L.S.; Zheng, Z.P.; Zhou, B.Q.; Zhou, G.P.; Zhou, H.S.; Zhou, L.; Zhu, K.J.; Zhu, Q.M.; Zhu, Y.C.; Zhu, Y.S.; Zhuang, B.A. [Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100039, People`s Republic of (China)] [Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100039, People`s Republic of (China); Hitlin, D.G.; Kelsey, M.H.; Oyang, J.; Panetta, J.; Porter, F.; Weaver, M. [California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125 (United States)] [California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125 (United States); Chen, J.; Malchow, R.; Toki, W.; Yang, W. [Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523 (United States)] [Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523 (United States); Yu, Y.H. [Hangzhou Unv., Hangzhou 310028, People`s Republic of (China)] [Hangzhou Unv., Hangzhou 310028, People`s Republic of (China); Ban, Y. [Peking Unv. (China)] [Peking Unv. (China)
The Unified First law in "Cosmic Triad" Vector Field Scenario
In this letter, we try to apply the unified first law to the "cosmic triad" vector field scenario both in the minimal coupling case and in the non-minimalcoupling case. After transferring the non-minimally coupling action in Jordan frame to Einstein frame, the correct dynamical equation (Friedmann equation) is gotten in a thermal equilibrium process by using the already existing entropy while the entropy in the non-minimal coupled "cosmic triad" scenario has not been derived. And after transferring the variables back to Jordan frame, the corresponding Friedmann equation is demonstrated to be correct. For complete arguments, we also calculate the related Misner-Sharp energy in Jordan and Einstein frames.
Yi Zhang; Yungui Gong; Zong-Hong Zhu
Accurate estimates for magnetic bottles in connection with superconductivity
Motivated by the theory of superconductivity and more precisely by the problem of the onset of superconductivity in dimension two, many papers devoted to the analysis in a semi-classical regime of the lowest eigenvalue of the Schr\\"odinger operator with magnetic field have appeared recently. Here we would like to mention the works by Bernoff-Sternberg, Lu-Pan, Del Pino-Felmer-Sternberg and Helffer-Morame and also Bauman-Phillips-Tang for the case of a disc. In the present paper we settle one important part of this question completely by proving an asymptotic expansion to all orders for low-lying eigenvalues for generic domains. The word `generic' means in this context that the curvature of the boundary of the domain has a unique non-degenerate maximum.
S. Fournais; B. Helffer
R&D ERL: Magnetic measurements of the ERL magnets
The magnet system of ERL consists of G5 solenoids, 6Q12 quadrupoles with 0.58 T/m gradient, 3D60 dipoles with 0.4 T central field, 15 and 30 degree Z-bend injection line dipole/quadrupole combined function magnets, and extraction line magnets. More details about the magnets can be found in a report by G. Mahler. Field quality in all the 6Q12 quadrupoles, 3D60 dipoles and the injection line magnets has been measured with either a rotating coil, or a Hall probe mapper. This report presents the results of these magnetic measurements.
Jain, A.
An apparatus and method for refrigeration are disclosed which provides efficient refrigeration over temperature ranges in excess of 20/sup 0/C and which requires no maintenance and is, therefore, usable on an unmanned satellite. The apparatus comprises a superconducting magnet which may be solenoidal. A piston comprising a substance such as a rare earth substance which is maintained near its Curie temperature reciprocates through the bore of the solenoidal magnet. A magnetic drive rod is connected to the piston and appropriate heat sinks are connected thereto. The piston is driven by a suitable mechanical drive such as an electric motor and cam. In practicing the invention, the body of the piston is magnetized and demagnetized as it moves through the magnetic field of the solenoid to approximate any of the following cycles or a condition thereof as well as, potentially, other cycles: Brayton, Carnot, Ericsson, and Stirling. Advantages of the present invention include: that refrigeration can be accomplished over at least a 20/sup 0/C scale at superconducting temperatures as well as at more conventional temperatures; very high efficiency, high reliability, and small size. (LCL)
Barclay, J.A.; Steyert, W.A.
Magnetic reconnection launcher
An electromagnetic launcher includes a plurality of electrical stages which are energized sequentially in synchrony with the passage of a projectile. Each stage of the launcher includes two or more coils which are arranged coaxially on either closed-loop or straight lines to form gaps between their ends. The projectile has an electrically conductive gap-portion that passes through all the gaps of all the stages in a direction transverse to the axes of the coils. The coils receive an electric current, store magnetic energy, and convert a significant portion of the stored magnetic energy into kinetic energy of the projectile by magnetic reconnection as the gap portion of the projectile moves through the gap. The magnetic polarity of the opposing coils is in the same direction, e.g. N-S-N-S. A gap portion of the projectile may be made from aluminum and is propelled by the reconnection of magnetic flux stored in the coils which causes accelerating forces to act upon the projectile at both the rear vertical surface of the projectile and at the horizontal surfaces of the projectile near its rear. The gap portion of the projectile may be flat, rectangular and longer than the length of the opposing coils and fit loosely within the gap between the opposing coils.
Cowan, Maynard (Albuquerque, NM)
Magnets and Power Supplies
Bibliography Up: APS Storage Ring Parameters Previous: Longitudinal Bibliography Up: APS Storage Ring Parameters Previous: Longitudinal bunch profile and Magnets and Power Supplies Dipole Magnets and Power Supplies Value Dipole Number 80+1 No. of power supplies 1 Magnetic length 3.06 m Core length 3.00 m Bending radius 38.9611 m Power supply limit 500.0 A Field at 7 GeV 0.599 T Dipole trim coils Number 80+1 No. of power supplies 80 Magnetic length 3.06 m Core length 3.00 m Power supply limit 20.0 A Maximum field 0.04 T Horizontal Correction Dipoles Number 317 No. of power supplies 317 Magnetic length 0.160 m Core length 0.07 m Power supply limit 150.0 A Maximum field 0.16 T Max. deflection at 7 GeV 1.1 mrad Vertical Corrector Dipoles Number 317 No. of power supplies 317
Magnetic Techniques | Open Energy Information
Magnetic Techniques Magnetic Techniques Jump to: navigation, search GEOTHERMAL ENERGYGeothermal Home Exploration Technique: Magnetic Techniques Details Activities (0) Areas (0) Regions (0) NEPA(1) Exploration Technique Information Exploration Group: Geophysical Techniques Exploration Sub Group: Magnetic Techniques Parent Exploration Technique: Geophysical Techniques Information Provided by Technique Lithology: Presence of magnetic minerals such as magnetite. Stratigraphic/Structural: Mapping of basement structures, horst blocks, fault systems, fracture zones, dykes and intrusions. Hydrological: The circulation of hydrothermal fluid may impact the magnetic susceptibility of rocks. Thermal: Rocks lose their magnetic properties at the Curie temperature (580° C for magnetite) [1] and, upon cooling, remagnetize in the present magnetic field orientation. The Curie point depth in the subsurface may be determined in a magnetic survey to provide information about hydrothermal activity in a region.
A forgotten little chapter on isoperimetric inequalities: On the fraction of a convex and closed plane area lying outside a circle with which it shares a diameter
Often some interesting or simply curious points are left out when developing a theory. It seems that one of them is the existence of an upper bound for the fraction of area of a convex and closed plane area lying outside a circle with which it shares a diameter, a problem stemming from the theory of isoperimetric inequalities. In this paper such a bound is constructed and shown to be attained for a particular area. It is also shown that convexity is a necessary condition in order to avoid the whole area lying outside the circle.
Jose M. Pacheco
Gel'fand-Zetlin Basis and Clebsch-Gordan Coefficients for Covariant Representations of the Lie superalgebra gl(m|n)
A Gel'fand-Zetlin basis is introduced for the irreducible covariant tensor representations of the Lie superalgebra gl(m|n). Explicit expressions for the generators of the Lie superalgebra acting on this basis are determined. Furthermore, Clebsch-Gordan coefficients corresponding to the tensor product of any covariant tensor representation of gl(m|n) with the natural representation V ([1,0,...,0]) of gl(m|n) with highest weight (1,0,. . . ,0) are computed. Both results are steps for the explicit construction of the parastatistics Fock space.
N. I. Stoilova; J. Van der Jeugt
Quark-meson coupling model for antikaon condensation in neutron star matter with strong magnetic fields
We study the effects of strong magnetic fields on antikaon condensation in neutron star matter using the quark-meson coupling (QMC) model. The QMC model describes a nuclear many-body system as nonoverlapping MIT bags in which quarks interact through the self-consistent exchange of scalar and vector mesons in the mean-field approximation. It is found that the presence of strong magnetic fields alters the threshold density of antikaon condensation significantly. The onset of $K^-$ condensation stronger depends on the magnetic field strength, and it even shifts beyond the threshold of $\\bar K^0$ condensation for sufficiently strong magnetic fields. In the presence of strong magnetic fields, the equation of state (EOS) becomes stiffer in comparison with the field-free case. The softening of the EOS by antikaon condensation also depends on the magnetic field strength, and it becomes less pronounced with increasing magnetic field strength. The results of the QMC model are compared with those obtained in a relativistic mean-field (RMF) model, and we find there are quantitative differences between the results of the QMC and RMF models.
P. Yue; H. Shen
The effects of pseudo magnetic fields in molecular spectra and scattering
Pseudo magnetic fields appear in the Born-Oppenheimer method for molecules when conical intersections or electronic angular momenta are taken into account. These fields are not real magnetic fields but they have the same mathematical properties and can lead to real observable effects in the dynamics of molecules. A general vector potential (gauge theory) approach for including these field effects in the Born-Oppenheimer method is introduced and applied to H + O{sub 2} scattering and the vibrational spectrum of Na{sub 3}(X) for zero total angular momentum (J = 0). The scattering results for HO{sub 2} show significant shifts in the resonance energies and lifetimes due to a magnetic solenoid type field originating from the C{sub 2v} conical intersection in HO{sub 2}. Significant changes in the state-to-state transition probabilities are also observed. The non-degenerate A{sub 1} and A{sub 2} vibrational spectra of Na{sub 3}(X) show significant shifts in the energy levels due to a magnetic solenoid type field originating from the D{sub 3h} conical intersection in Na{sub 3}. These two examples show that the effects of pseudo magnetic fields can be significant and in many cases they must be included in order to obtain agreement between theory and experiment. The newly developed gauge theory techniques for treating pseudo magnetic fields are also relevant for including the effects of real magnetic fields.
Kendrick, B. [Los Alamos National Lab., NM (United States). Theoretical Div.
Superconducting magnetic coil
A superconducting magnetic coil includes a plurality of sections positioned axially along the longitudinal axis of the coil, each section being formed of an anisotropic high temperature superconductor material wound about a longitudinal axis of the coil and having an associated critical current value that is dependent on the orientation of the magnetic field of the coil. The cross section of the superconductor, or the type of superconductor material, at sections along the axial and radial axes of the coil are changed to provide an increased critical current at those regions where the magnetic field is oriented more perpendicularly to the conductor plane, to thereby increase the critical current at these regions and to maintain an overall higher critical current of the coil. 15 figs.
Aized, D.; Schwall, R.E.
Requirements of Magnetic Materials for Current Technological ...
Mar 3, 2011 ... Magnetic Materials for Energy Applications: Requirements of Magnetic ... Hard magnetic materials play a significant role in many green�...
Experiment #7: Magnetic Deflection of Beta Rays
of magnetism. Materials Geiger counter Wooden block (to hold the source) Aluminum shield with hole (for Geiger counter) Two cow magnets Magnet holders Sr-90 (beta source)...
Real-time phase boundary detection for colonoscopy videos using motion vector templates
Colonoscopy is the preferred screening method currently available for detection of colorectal cancer and its precursor lesions, colorectal polyps. However, recent data suggest that there is a significant miss rate for the detection of polyps in the colon ... Keywords: camera motion estimation, colonoscopy, end of insertion, motion vector templates, motion vectors, phase boundary
Ruwan Nawarathna; JungHwan Oh; Jayantha Muthukudage; Wallapak Tavanapong; Johnny Wong; Piet C. de Groen
Towards automatic lithological classification from remote sensing data using support vector machines
Remote sensing data can be effectively used as a means to build geological knowledge for poorly mapped terrains. In this study, the support vector machine (SVM) algorithm is applied to an automated lithological classification of a study area in northwestern ... Keywords: ASTER, Aeromagnetic, DEM, Lithological classification, Supervised classification, Support vector machine (SVM)
Le Yu; Alok Porwal; Eun-Jung Holden; Michael C. Dentith
The complex fuzzy system forecasting model based on triangular fuzzy robust wavelet ?-support vector machine
This paper presents a new version of fuzzy wavelet support vector regression machine to forecast the nonlinear fuzzy system with multi-dimensional input variables. The input and output variables of the proposed model are described as triangular fuzzy ... Keywords: Fuzzy ?-support vector machine, Fuzzy system forecasting, Particle swarm optimization, Wavelet kernel function
Qi Wu
One class classification for anomaly detection: support vector data description revisited
The Support Vector Data Description (SVDD) has been introduced to address the problem of anomaly (or outlier) detection. It essentially fits the smallest possible sphere around the given data points, allowing some points to be excluded as outliers. Whether ... Keywords: anomaly detection, minimal sphere fitting, one class classification, outlier detection, support vector data description
Eric J. Pauwels; Onkar Ambekar
The Study on Corn Production Prediction in Heilongjiang Province Based on Support Vector Machine
This paper uses the support vector machine (SVM) algorithm to study the prediction of corn production in Heilongjiang province, forms the sample set with the 1991-2008 data in Heilongjiang province, and set up the SVM model between factors and corn production. ... Keywords: corn production, support vector machine, prediction
Zhu Jing; Fan Yadong
Vector and parallel processing of the nuclear reactor transient analysis code RELAPS
An experiment of vector processing and multi-tasking of nuclear reactor transient analysis code RELAP5 has been made at Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute. Vector processing and multi-tasking of the RELAP5 were achieved by using the independency ...
M. Ishiguro; M. Makino; N. Shinozawa
RichVSM: enRiched vector space models for folksonomies
People share millions of resources (photos, bookmarks, videos, etc.) in Folksonomies (like Flickr, Delicious, Youtube, etc.). To access and share resources, they add keywords called tags to the resources. As the tags are freely chosen keywords, it might ... Keywords: folksonomies, information retrieval, search, smoothing, sparseness reduction, tagging, vector space model, vector space models
Rabeeh Abbasi; Steffen Staab
An improved incremental training algorithm for support vector machines using active query
In this paper, we present an improved incremental training algorithm for support vector machines (SVMs). Instead of selecting training samples randomly, we divide them into groups and apply the k-means clustering algorithm to collect the initial set ... Keywords: Active learning, Clustering algorithm, Incremental training, Pattern classification, Support vector machine
Shouxian Cheng; Frank Y. Shih
Fault Diagnosis of Regenerative Water Heater Based-On Multi-class Support Vector Machines
The main idea of multi-class support vector machines (SVMs) is described. a multi-class model for regenerative water heater fault diagnosis is presented combining the fuzzy logic and SVMs. The typical faults set of regenerative water heater is built ... Keywords: steam turbine, regenerative water heater, fuzzy rules, support vector machines, fault diagnosis
Lei Wang; Rui-qing Zhang
Fault diagnosis of regenerative water heater based-on multi-class support vector machines
The main idea of multi-class support vector machines (SVMs) is described. a multi-class model for regenerative water heater fault diagnosis is presented combining the fuzzy logic and SVMs. The typical faults set of regenerative water heater is built ... Keywords: fault diagnosis, fuzzy rules, regenerative water heater, steam turbine, support vector machines
Lei Wang; Rui-Qing Zhang
Reduce, Reuse, Recycle (R3): A design methodology for Sparse Matrix Vector Multiplication on reconfigurable platforms
Sparse Matrix Vector Multiplication (SpMV) is an important computational kernel in many scientific computing applications. Pipelining multiply-accumulate operations shifts SpMV from a computationally bounded kernel to an I/O bounded kernel. In this paper, ... Keywords: Vectors,Random access memory,Adders,Sparse matrices,Clocks,Indexes,Kernel,Convey,HPRC,High Performance Reconfigurable Computing,SpMV
Joseph Zambreno, Kevin Townsend
An Easy Method for Estimation of Q-Vectors from Weather Maps
It is shown how to estimate the directions and relative magnitudes of Q-vectors from a map of isobars and isotherms. The divergence of this vector field represents the forcing function in the quasi-geostrophic omega-equation. The direction of the ...
Frederick Sanders; Brian J. Hoskins
On-line fuzzy modeling via clustering and support vector machines
In this paper, we propose a novel approach to identify unknown nonlinear systems with fuzzy rules and support vector machines. Our approach consists of four steps which are on-line clustering, structure identification, parameter identification and local ... Keywords: Fuzzy systems, Identification, On-line clustering, Stability, Support vector machines
Wen Yu; Xiaoou Li
Exclusive search for Higgs boson to gamma-gamma decay via vector boson fusion production mechanism
We perform an exclusive search for the Higgs boson to gamma-gamma decay via vector boson fusion. We utilize the characteristic features of vector boson fusion, such as the di-jet [Delta][eta] and mass, as well as the ...
Solving metamaterial Maxwell's equations via a vector wave integro-differential equation
In this paper, we discuss the time-domain metamaterial Maxwell's equations. One major contribution of this paper is that after some effort we find that the metamaterial Maxwell's equations can be beautifully reduced to a vector wave integro-differential ... Keywords: Finite element method, Maxwell's equations, Metamaterials, Vector wave equation
Yunqing Huang; Jichun Li; Wei Yang
A visibility algorithm for converting 3D meshes into editable 2D vector graphics
Artists often need to import and embellish 3D models coming from CAD-CAM into 2D vector graphics software to produce, e.g., brochures or manuals. Current automatic solutions tend to result, at best, in a 2D triangle soup and artists often have to trace ... Keywords: NPR, geometry processing, vector graphics, visibility
Elmar Eisemann; Sylvain Paris; Fr�do Durand
A New Fuzzy Support Vector Machine Based on the Weighted Margin
The ideas from fuzzy neural networks and support vector machine (SVM) are incorporated to make SVM classifiers perform better. The influence of the samples with high uncertainty can be decreased by employing the fuzzy membership to weigh the margin of ... Keywords: fuzzy neural networks, fuzzy pattern recognition, margin, maximal margin algorithm, support vector machines
Qing Tao; Jue Wang
Predicting corporate financial distress based on integration of support vector machine and logistic regression
The support vector machine (SVM) has been applied to the problem of bankruptcy prediction, and proved to be superior to competing methods such as the neural network, the linear multiple discriminant approaches and logistic regression. However, the conventional ... Keywords: Corporate financial distress, Empirical risk, Logistic regression, Prediction, Support vector machine
Zhongsheng Hua; Yu Wang; Xiaoyan Xu; Bin Zhang; Liang Liang
FREE DIVISORS IN PREHOMOGENEOUS VECTOR SPACES MICHEL GRANGER, DAVID MOND, AND MATHIAS SCHULZE Abstract. We study linear free divisors, that is, free divisors arising as dis- criminants of the prehomogeneous vector spaces containing such linear free divisors. For reductive linear free divisors, we prove
Schulze, Mathias
Financial Data Mining Based on Support Vector Machines and Ensemble Learning
With the rapid development of e-commerce, financial data mining has been one of the most important research topics in the data mining community. Support vector machines (SVMs) and ensemble learning are two popular techniques in the machine learning field. ... Keywords: Financial Data Mining, Support Vector Machines, Ensemble Learning
Shi Lei; Ma Xinming; Xi Lei; Hu Xiaohong
One-against-one fuzzy support vector machine classifier: An approach to text categorization
The growth of the internet information delivery has made automatic text categorization essential. This investigation explores the challenges of multi-class text categorization using one-against-one fuzzy support vector machine with Reuter's news as the ... Keywords: Information retrieval, One-against-one fuzzy support vector machine, Text categorization
Tai-Yue Wang; Huei-Min Chiang
Study on the Risk Prediction of Real Estate Investment Whole Process Based on Support Vector Machine
With the rapid development of real estate, the risk of investment is also increasing rapidly. So the risk of predicting and controlling the real estate investment has become the key to the success or failure of the project. In this paper, a support vector ... Keywords: Support Vector Machine, Fully Mechanized Mining Face, Prediction
Wanqing Li; Yong Zhao; Wenqing Meng; Shipeng Xu
A support vector regression based prediction model of affective responses for product form design
In this paper, a state-of-the-art machine learning approach known as support vector regression (SVR) is introduced to develop a model that predicts consumers' affective responses (CARs) for product form design. First, pairwise adjectives were used to ... Keywords: Genetic algorithm, Kansei engineering, Neural network, Product form design, Support vector regression
Chih-Chieh Yang; Meng-Dar Shieh
Applying least squares support vector machines to the airframe wing-box structural design cost estimation
This research used the least squares support vector machines (LS-SVM) method to estimate the project design cost of an airframe wing-box structure. We also compared the estimation performance using back-propagation neural networks (BPN) and statistical ... Keywords: Airframe structure, Back-propagation neural networks, Cost estimation, Least squares support vector machines, Response surface methodology
S. Deng; Tsung-Han Yeh
Energy consumption forecasting in process industry using support vector machines and particle swarm optimization
In this paper, Support Vector Machines (SVMs) are applied in predicting energy consumption in the first phase of oil refining at a particular oil refinery. During cross-validation process of the SVM training Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm ... Keywords: energy prediction, particle swarm optimization (PSO), support vector machines (SVM)
Milena R. Petkovi?; Milan R. Rapai?; Boris B. Jakovljevi?
SMAT: an input adaptive auto-tuner for sparse matrix-vector multiplication
Sparse Matrix Vector multiplication (SpMV) is an important kernel in both traditional high performance computing and emerging data-intensive applications. By far, SpMV libraries are optimized by either application-specific or architecture-specific approaches, ... Keywords: SpMV, algebraic multi-grid, auto-tuning, data mining, sparse matrix-vector multiplication
Jiajia Li; Guangming Tan; Mingyu Chen; Ninghui Sun
The solar magnetic field
The magnetic field of the Sun is the underlying cause of the many diverse phenomena combined under the heading of solar activity. Here we describe the magnetic field as it threads its way from the bottom of the convection zone, where it is built up by the solar dynamo, to the solar surface, where it manifests itself in the form of sunspots and faculae, and beyond into the outer solar atmosphere and, finally, into the heliosphere. On the way it, transports energy from the surface and the subsurface layers into the solar corona, where it heats the gas and accelerates the solar wind.
Solanki, Sami K; Sch�ssler, Manfred; 10.1088/0034-4885/69/3/R02
Magnetic imaging of shipwrecks
The ferromagnetic material in a shipwreck on the seabed causes a modification to the earth's magnetic field which can be measured at the surface. Proton magnetometer measurements at the surface are used to locate wrecks. Here I discuss how to interpret such data to explore the shape and orientation of the shipwreck on the seabed. I give details of how to model shipwrecks and deduce the magnetic signal that results. I also discuss how to analyse data in a more general way. As examples, I present and analyse data on the shipwrecks of YSTROOM and BOUBOULINA (ex COLONEL LAMB).
Michael, C
Fast superconducting magnetic field switch
The superconducting magnetic switch or fast kicker magnet is employed with an electron stream or a bunch of electrons to rapidly change the direction of flow of the electron stream or bunch of electrons. The apparatus employs a beam tube which is coated with a film of superconducting material. The tube is cooled to a temperature below the superconducting transition temperature and is subjected to a constant magnetic field which is produced by an external dc magnet. The magnetic field produced by the dc magnet is less than the critical field for the superconducting material, thus, creating a Meissner Effect condition. A controllable fast electromagnet is used to provide a magnetic field which supplements that of the dc magnet so that when the fast magnet is energized the combined magnetic field is now greater than the critical field and the superconducting material returns to its normal state allowing the magnetic field to penetrate the tube. This produces an internal field which effects the direction of motion and of the electron stream or electron bunch. The switch can also operate as a switching mechanism for charged particles. Magnetic switches and particularly fast kicker magnets are used in the accelerator industry to quickly deflect particle beams into and out of various transport lines, storage rings, dumps, and specifically to differentially route individual bunches of particles from a train of bunches which are injected or ejected from a given ring.
Goren, Y.; Mahale, N.K.
Magnetic refrigeration apparatus and method
The disclosure relates to refrigeration through magnetizing and demagnitizing a body by rotating it within a magnetic field. Internal and external heat exchange fluids and in one embodiment, a regenerator, are used.
Barclay, John A. (Los Alamos, NM); Overton, Jr., William C. (Los Alamos, NM); Stewart, Walter F. (Los Alamos, NM)
Wednesday, 28 March 2012 00:00 Magnetism is useful for many devices and techniques, from electric motors and computer hard drives to magnetic resonance imaging used in medicine....
Rotary magnetic heat pump
A rotary magnetic heat pump constructed without flow seals or segmented rotor accomplishes recuperation and regeneration by using split flow paths. Heat exchange fluid pumped through heat exchangers and returned to the heat pump splits into two flow components: one flowing counter to the rotor rotation and one flowing with the rotation.
Kirol, Lance D. (Shelly, ID)
National Magnetic Anomaly Map
A record of the conclusions of a three-day meeting and workshop of the Committee for a National Magnetic Anomaly Map held in February 1976 is presented. The purpose of he workshop was to prepare a statement of the benefits, objectives, specifications, and requirements of a NMAM and establish a working plan for producing the map. (ACR)
Moving Magnet Series with
material allows for exceptional flux densi- ties in the air gap. The intense magnetic field strengthV/Degree/Second, +/-10% Current, RMS 2.3 2.4 4.1 3.9 A, Maximum Current, Peak 6 8 20 20 A, Maximum Small Angle Step
Kleinfeld, David
A rotary magnetic heat pump constructed without flow seals or segmented rotor accomplishes recuperation and regeneration by using split flow paths. Heat exchange fluid pumped through heat exchangers and returned to the heat pump splits into two flow components: one flowing counter to the rotor rotation and one flowing with the rotation. 5 figs.
Kirol, L.D.
Magnetic resonance apparatus
Means for producing a region of homogeneous magnetic field remote from the source of the field, wherein two equal field sources are arranged axially so their fields oppose, producing a region near the plane perpendicular to the axis midway between the sources where the radial component of the field goes through a maximum. Near the maximum, the field is homogeneous over prescribed regions.
Jackson, Jasper A. (Los Alamos, NM); Cooper, Richard K. (Los Alamos, NM)
Permanent Magnet Materials
Table 4 Applications of permanent magnet materials...material Primary reason for selection Alternative material Condition or reason favoring selection of alternative material Aircraft magnetos, military or civilian SmCo Maximum energy per unit volume Cast Alnico 5 Availability or cost restraint Alternators SmCo Compactness and reliability Ferrite...
Evolution of twisted magnetic fields
The magnetic field of the solar corona evolves quasistatically in response to slowly changing photospheric boundary conditions. The magnetic topology is preserved by the low resistivity of the solar atmosphere. We show that a magnetic flux coordinate system simplifies the problem of calculating field evolution with invariant topology. As an example, we calculate the equilibrium of a thin magnetic flux tube with small twist per unit length.
Zweibel, E.G.; Boozer, A.H.
Magnetic Devices and Nanostructures (2005)
... Molecular nanomagnets, which are the smallest well defined magnetic ... moment of a specimen as microwave stimulation causes resonance at ...
... Read-write heads used with magnetically stored data are based on giant magnetoresistance (GMR) sensors. These sensors ...
An electromagnetic launcher includes a plurality of electrical stages which are energized sequentially in the launcher with the passage of a projectiles. Each stage of the launcher includes two or more coils which are arranged coaxially on either closed-loop or straight lines to form gaps between their ends. The projectile has an electrically conductive gap-portion that passes through all the gaps of all the stages in a direction transverse to the axes of the coils. The coils receive an electric current, store magnetic energy, and convert a significant portion of the stored magnetic energy into kinetic energy of the projectile moves through the gap. The magnetic polarity of the opposing coils is in the same direction, e.g. N-S-N-S. A gap portion of the projectile may be made from aluminum and is propelled by the reconnection of magnetic flux stored in the coils which causes accelerating forces to act upon the projectile and at the horizontal surfaces of the projectile near its rear. The gap portion of the projectile may be flat, rectangular and longer than the length of the opposing coils. The gap portion of the projectile permits substantially unrestricted distribution of the induced currents so that current densities are only high where the useful magnetic force is high. This allows designs which permit ohmic oblation from the rear surfaces of the gap portion of the projectile allowing much high velocities to be achieved. An electric power apparatus controls the electric power supplied to the opposing coils until the gap portion of the projectile substantially occupies the gap between the coils, at which time the coils are supplied with peak current quickly. 8 figs.
Cowan, M.
On the eigenfunctions of no-pair operators in classical magnetic fields
We consider a relativistic no-pair model of a hydrogenic atom in a classical, exterior magnetic field. First, we prove that the corresponding Hamiltonian is semi-bounded below, for all coupling constants less than or equal to the critical one known for the Brown-Ravenhall model, i.e., for vanishing magnetic fields. We give conditions ensuring that its essential spectrum equals [1,\\infty) and that there exist infinitely many eigenvalues below 1. (The rest energy of the electron is 1 in our units.) Assuming that the magnetic vector potential is smooth and that all its partial derivatives increase subexponentially, we finally show that an eigenfunction corresponding to an eigenvalue \\lambdarate a<(1-\\lambda^2)^{1/2}, for \\lambda\\in[0,1), and a<1, for \\lambda<0.
Oliver Matte; Edgardo Stockmeyer
We present a striking filament pattern in the nonlinear force-free (NLFF) chromospheric magnetic field of the active region NOAA 10956. The NLFF chromospheric field is extrapolated from the Hinode high-resolution photospheric vector magnetogram using the weighted optimization method. The modeled structure is characterized by a highly sheared field with strong horizontal magnetic components and has a virtually identical shape and location as the filament seen in H{alpha}. The modeled field strength agrees with the recent He I 10830 A observations by Kuckein et al.. The unequivocal resemblance between the NLFF extrapolation and the H{alpha} observation not only demonstrates the ability of the NLFF field to reproduce chromospheric features, but also provides a valuable diagnostic tool for the filament magnetic fields.
Jing Ju; Yuan Yuan; Xu Yan; Liu Rui; Wang Haimin [Space Weather Research Laboratory, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102 (United States); Wiegelmann, Thomas, E-mail: email@example.com, E-mail: email@example.com, E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com, E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com, E-mail: email@example.com, E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com [Max Planck Institut fuer Sonnensystemforschung (MPS), Max-Planck-Strasse 2, 37191 Katlenburg-Lindau (Germany)
Bayesian inference of solar and stellar magnetic fields in the weak-field approximation
The weak-field approximation is one of the simplest models that allows us to relate the observed polarization induced by the Zeeman effect with the magnetic field vector present on the plasma of interest. It is usually applied for diagnosing magnetic fields in the solar and stellar atmospheres. A fully Bayesian approach to the inference of magnetic properties in unresolved structures is presented. The analytical expression for the marginal posterior distribution is obtained, from which we can obtain statistically relevant information about the model parameters. The role of a-priori information is discussed and a hierarchical procedure is presented that gives robust results that are almost insensitive to the precise election of the prior. The strength of the formalism is demonstrated through an application to IMaX data. Bayesian methods can optimally exploit data from filter-polarimeters given the scarcity of spectral information as compared with spectro-polarimeters. The effect of noise and how it degrades ou...
Ramos, A Asensio
Magnetic Helicity in Sphaleron Debris
We develop an analytical technique to evaluate the magnetic helicity in the debris from sphaleron decay. We show that baryon number production leads to left-handed magnetic fields, and that the magnetic helicity is conserved at late times. Our analysis explicitly demonstrates the connection between sphaleron-mediated cosmic baryogenesis and cosmic magnetogenesis.
Yi-Zen Chu; James B. Dent; Tanmay Vachaspati
Low-temperature magnetic refrigerator
The invention relates to magnetic refrigeration and more particularly to low temperature refrigeration between about 4 and about 20 K, with an apparatus and method utilizing a belt of magnetic material passed in and out of a magnetic field with heat exchangers within and outside the field operably disposed to accomplish refrigeration.
Barclay, J.A.
The disclosure is directed to a low temperature 4 to 20 K. refrigeration apparatus and method utilizing a ring of magnetic material moving through a magnetic field. Heat exchange is accomplished in and out of the magnetic field to appropriately utilize the device to execute Carnot and Stirling cycles.
Barclay, John A. (Los Alamos, NM)
Low field magnetic resonance imaging
A method and system of magnetic resonance imaging does not need a large homogenous field to truncate a gradient field. Spatial information is encoded into the spin magnetization by allowing the magnetization to evolve in a non-truncated gradient field and inducing a set of 180 degree rotations prior to signal acquisition.
Pines, Alexander (Berkeley, CA); Sakellariou, Dimitrios (Billancourt, FR); Meriles, Carlos A. (Fort Lee, NJ); Trabesinger, Andreas H. (London, GB)
Strange vector form factors from parity-violating electron scattering
The simplest models might describe the nucleon as 3 light quarks, but this description would be incomplete without inclusion of the sea of glue and qbar q pairs which binds it. Early indications of a particularly large contribution from strange quarks in this sea to the spin and mass of the nucleon motivated an experimental program examining the role of these strange quarks in the nucleon vector form factors. The strangeness form factors can be extracted from the well-studied electromagnetic structure of the nucleon using parity-violation in electron-nuclear scattering to isolate the effect of the weak interaction. With high luminosity and polarization, and a very stable beam due to its superconducting RF cavities, CEBAF at Jefferson Lab is a precision instrument uniquely well suited to the challenge of measurements of the small parity-violating asymmetries. The techniques and results of the two major Jefferson Lab experimental efforts in parity-violation studies, HAPPEX and G0, as well as efforts to describe the strange form factors in QCD, will be reviewed.
Kent Paschke, Anthony Thomas, Robert Michaels, David Armstrong
Magnetic behaviour of europium epitaxial thin films
... Magnetic behaviour of europium epitaxial thin films. Philippe Mangin, University of Nancy and NCNR. We present the magnetic ...
We estimate axial lengths of helical parts in magnetic clouds (MCs) at 1 AU from the magnetic flux (magnetic helicity) conservation between solar active regions (ARs) and MCs with the event list of Leamon et al. Namely, considering poloidal magnetic flux (PHI{sub P}) conservation between MCs and ARs, we estimated L{sub h} in MCs, where L{sub h} is the axial length of an MC where poloidal magnetic flux and magnetic twist exist. It is found that L{sub h} is 0.01-1.25 AU in the MCs. If the cylinder flux rope picture is assumed, this result leads to a possible new picture of the cylinder model whose helical structure (namely, poloidal magnetic flux) localizes in a part of a MC.
Yamamoto, Tetsuya T. [Solar-Terrestrial Environment Laboratory, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya, 464-8601 (Japan); Kataoka, R. [Interactive Research Center of Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Meguro, 152-8550 (Japan); Inoue, S., E-mail: email@example.com [National Institute of Information and Communications Technology, Koganei, 184-8795 (Japan)
We present a study of the magnetic field of the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC), carried out using diffuse polarized synchrotron emission data at 1.4 GHz acquired at the Parkes Radio Telescope and the Australia Telescope Compact Array. The observed diffuse polarized emission is likely to originate above the LMC disk on the near side of the galaxy. Consistent negative rotation measures (RMs) derived from the diffuse emission indicate that the line-of-sight magnetic field in the LMC's near-side halo is directed coherently away from us. In combination with RMs of extragalactic sources that lie behind the galaxy, we show that the LMC's large-scale magnetic field is likely to be of quadrupolar geometry, consistent with the prediction of dynamo theory. On smaller scales, we identify two brightly polarized filaments southeast of the LMC, associated with neutral hydrogen arms. The filaments' magnetic field potentially aligns with the direction toward the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC). We suggest that tidal interactions between the SMC and the LMC in the past 10{sup 9} years are likely to have shaped the magnetic field in these filaments.
Mao, S. A. [National Radio Astronomy Observatory, P.O. Box O, Socorro, NM 87801 (United States); McClure-Griffiths, N. M.; McConnell, D. [Australia Telescope National Facility, CSIRO Astronomy and Space Science, Epping, NSW 1710 (Australia); Gaensler, B. M. [Sydney Institute for Astronomy, School of Physics, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006 (Australia); Haverkorn, M. [Department of Astrophysics, Radboud University, P.O. Box 9010, 6500-GL Nijmegen (Netherlands); Beck, R. [Max-Planck-Institut fuer Radioastronomie, D-53121 Bonn (Germany); Wolleben, M. [Square Kilometre Array South Africa, The Park, Pinelands 7405 (South Africa); Stanimirovic, S. [Department of Astronomy, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 (United States); Dickey, J. M. [Physics Department, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS 7001 (Australia); Staveley-Smith, L., E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com [International Centre for Radio Astronomy Research (ICRAR), The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009 (Australia)
A Novel Current Angle Control Scheme in a Current Source Inverter Fed Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Drive for Automotive Applications
This paper describes a novel speed control scheme to operate a current source inverter (CSI) driven surface-mounted permanent magnet synchronous machine (SPMSM) for hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) applications. The idea is to use the angle of the current vector to regulate the rotor speed while keeping the two dc-dc converter power switches on all the time to boost system efficiency. The effectiveness of the proposed scheme was verified with a 3 kW CSI-SPMSM drive prototype.
Tang, Lixin [ORNL; Su, Gui-Jia [ORNL
Magnetic Edge States in Graphene
Magnetic confinement in graphene has been of recent and growing interest because its potential applications in nanotechnology. In particular, the observation of the so called magnetic edge states in graphene has opened the possibility to deepen into the generation of spin currents and its applications in spintronics. We study the magnetic edge states of quasi-particles arising in graphene monolayers due to an inhomogeneous magnetic field of a magnetic barrier in the formalism of the two-dimensional massless Dirac equation. We also show how the solutions of such states in each of both triangular sublattices of the graphene are related through a supersymmetric transformation in the quantum mechanical sense.
Gabriela Murguia
A hybrid text classification approach with low dependency on parameter by integrating K-nearest neighbor and support vector machine
This work implements a new text document classifier by integrating the K-nearest neighbor (KNN) classification approach with the support vector machine (SVM) training algorithm. The proposed Nearest Neighbor-Support Vector Machine hybrid classification ... Keywords: Euclidean distance function, K-nearest neighbor, Support vector machine, Text document classification
Chin Heng Wan; Lam Hong Lee; Rajprasad Rajkumar; Dino Isa
Magnetized Turbulent Dynamo in Protogalaxies
The prevailing theory for the origin of cosmic magnetic fields is that they have been amplified to their present values by the turbulent dynamo inductive action in the protogalactic and galactic medium. Up to now, in calculation of the turbulent dynamo, it has been customary to assume that there is no back reaction of the magnetic field on the turbulence, as long as the magnetic energy is less than the turbulent kinetic energy. This assumption leads to the kinematic dynamo theory. However, the applicability of this theory to protogalaxies is rather limited. The reason is that in protogalaxies the temperature is very high, and the viscosity is dominated by magnetized ions. As the magnetic field strength grows in time, the ion cyclotron time becomes shorter than the ion collision time, and the plasma becomes strongly magnetized. As a result, the ion viscosity becomes the Braginskii viscosity. Thus, in protogalaxies the back reaction sets in much earlier, at field strengths much lower than those which correspond to field-turbulence energy equipartition, and the turbulent dynamo becomes what we call the magnetized turbulent dynamo. In this paper we lay the theoretical groundwork for the magnetized turbulent dynamo. In particular, we predict that the magnetic energy growth rate in the magnetized dynamo theory is up to ten times larger than that in the kinematic dynamo theory. We also briefly discuss how the Braginskii viscosity can aid the development of the inverse cascade of magnetic energy after the energy equipartition is reached.
Leonid Malyshkin; Russell M. Kulsrud
The superconducting magnetic switch or fast kicker magnet is employed with electron stream or a bunch of electrons to rapidly change the direction of flow of the electron stream or bunch of electrons. The apparatus employs a beam tube which is coated with a film of superconducting material. The tube is cooled to a temperature below the superconducting transition temperature and is subjected to a constant magnetic field which is produced by an external dc magnet. The magnetic field produced by the dc magnet is less than the critical field for the superconducting material, thus, creating a Meissner Effect condition. A controllable fast electromagnet is used to provide a magnetic field which supplements that of the dc magnet so that when the fast magnet is energized the combined magnetic field is now greater that the critical field and the superconducting material returns to its normal state allowing the magnetic field to penetrate the tube. This produces an internal field which effects the direction of motion and of the electron stream or electron bunch. The switch can also operate as a switching mechanism for charged particles.
Goren, Yehuda (Mountain View, CA); Mahale, Narayan K. (The Woodlands, TX)
Magnetohydrodynamic evolution of magnetic skeletons
The heating of the solar corona is likely to be due to reconnection of the highly complex magnetic field that threads throughout its volume. We have run a numerical experiment of an elementary interaction between the magnetic field of two photospheric sources in an overlying field that represents a fundamental building block of the coronal heating process. The key to explaining where, how and how much energy is released during such an interaction is to calculate the resulting evolution of the magnetic skeleton. A skeleton is essentially the web of magnetic flux surfaces (called separatrix surfaces) that separate the coronal volume into topologically distinct parts. For the first time the skeleton of the magnetic field in a 3D numerical MHD experiment is calculated and carefully analysed, as are the ways in which it bifurcates into different topologies. A change in topology normally changes the number of magnetic reconnection sites. In our experiment, the magnetic field evolves through a total of six distinct ...
Haynes, A L; Galsgaard, K; Priest, E R; Haynes, Andrew L.; Parnell, Clare E.; Galsgaard, Klaus; Priest, Eric R.
Nuclear magnetic resonance contrast agents
This invention relates to the field of nuclear magnetic resonance imaging and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, also known simply as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS). MRI and MRS are particularly useful in medical research and diagnosis. MRI may be used in addition to x-ray imaging. This invention concerns a family of contrast agents for use in magnetic resonance imaging and a method of enhancing the contrast of magnetic resonance images of an object by incorporating a contrast agent of this invention into the object prior to forming the images or during formation of the images. A contrast agent of this invention is a paramagnetic lanthanide hexaazamacrocyclic molecule, where a basic example has the formula LnC{sub 16}H{sub 14}N{sub 6}. Important applications of the invention are in medical diagnosis, treatment, and research, where images of portions of a human body are formed by means of magnetic resonance techniques. 2 figs.
Smith, P.H.; Brainard, J.R.; Jarvinen, G.D.; Ryan, R.R.
Giant magnetoresistance in nanogranular magnets.
We study the giant magnetoresistance of nanogranular magnets in the presence of an external magnetic field and finite temperature. We show that the magnetization of arrays of nanogranular magnets has hysteretic behavior at low temperatures leading to a double peak in the magnetoresistance which coalesces at high temperatures into a single peak. We numerically calculate the magnetization of magnetic domains and the motion of domain walls in this system using a combined mean-field approach and a model for an elastic membrane moving in a random medium, respectively. From the obtained results, we calculate the electric resistivity as a function of magnetic field and temperature. Our findings show excellent agreement with various experimental data.
Glatz, A.; Beloborodov, I. S.; Vinokur, V. M.; Materials Science Division; Univ. of Chicago
Accelerating Anisotropic Cosmologies in Brans-Dicke Gravity coupled to a Mass-Varying Vector Field
The field equations of Brans-Dicke gravity coupled to a mass-varying vector field are derived. Anisotropic cosmological solutions with a locally rotationally symmetric Bianchi type I metric and time-dependent scalar and electric vector fields are studied. A particular class of exact solutions for which all the variable parameters have a power-law time dependence is given. The universe expands with a constant expansion anisotropy within this class of solutions. We show that the accelerating expansion is driven by the scalar field and the electric vector field can be interpreted as an anisotropic dark-matter source.
Ozgur Akarsu; Tekin Dereli; Neslihan Oflaz
Some properties of the Cauchy-type integral for the Laplace vector fields theory
We study the analog of the Cauchy-type integral for the Laplace vector fields theory in case of a piece-wise Liapunov surface of integration and we prove the Sokhotski-Plemelj theorem for it as well as the necessary and sufficient condition for the possibility to extend a given Hoelder function from such a surface up to a Laplace vector field. Formula for the square of the singular Cauchy-type integral is given. The proofs of all these facts are based on intimate relations between Laplace vector held and some versions of quaternionic analysis.
Schneider, Baruch [Department of Mathematics, Izmir University of Economics, 35330, Balcova, Izmir (Turkey); Shapiro, Michael [Departamento de Matematicas, Escuela Superior de Fisica y Mathematicas, 07300 Mexico, D.F. (Mexico)
The magnetic field along the jets of NGC 4258 as deduced from high frequency radio observations
We present 2.4" resolution, high sensitivity radio continuum observations of the nearby spiral galaxy NGC 4258 in total intensity and linear polarization obtained with the Very Large Array at 3.6 cm (8.44 GHz). The radio emission along the northern jet and the center of the galaxy is polarized and allows investigation of the magnetic field. Assuming energy-equipartition between the magnetic field and the relativistic particles and distinguishing between (1) a relativistic electron-proton jet and (2) a relativistic electron-positron jet, we obtain average magnetic field strengths of about (1) 310\\muG and (2) 90\\muG. The rotation measure is determined to range from -400 to -800 rad/m^2 in the northern jet. Correcting the observed E-vectors of polarized intensity for Faraday rotation, the magnetic field along the jet turns out to be orientated mainly along the jet axis. An observed tilt with respect to the jet axis may indicate also a toroidal magnetic field component or a slightly helical magnetic field around the northern jet.
M. Krause; A. L"ohr
Both magnetic and current helicities are crucial ingredients for describing the complexity of active-region magnetic structure. In this Letter, we present the temporal evolution of these helicities contained in NOAA active region 11158 during five days from 2011 February 12 to 16. The photospheric vector magnetograms of the Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager on board the Solar Dynamic Observatory were used as the boundary conditions for the coronal field extrapolation under the assumption of nonlinear force-free field, from which we calculated both relative magnetic helicity and current helicity. We construct a time-altitude diagram in which altitude distribution of the magnitude of current helicity density is displayed as a function of time. This diagram clearly shows a pattern of upwardly propagating current helicity density over two days prior to the X2.2 flare on February 15 with an average propagation speed of {approx}36 m s{sup -1}. The propagation is synchronous with the emergence of magnetic flux into the photosphere, and indicative of a gradual energy buildup for the X2.2 flare. The time profile of the relative magnetic helicity shows a monotonically increasing trend most of the time, but a pattern of increasing and decreasing magnetic helicity above the monotonic variation appears prior to each of two major flares, M6.6 and X2.2, respectively. The physics underlying this bump pattern is not fully understood. However, the fact that this pattern is apparent in the magnetic helicity evolution but not in the magnetic flux evolution makes it a useful indicator in forecasting major flares.
Jing, Ju; Liu, Chang; Lee, Jeongwoo; Xu, Yan; Deng, Na; Wang, Haimin [Space Weather Research Laboratory, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102 (United States); Park, Sung-Hong [Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute, Daejeon, 305-348 (Korea, Republic of); Wiegelmann, Thomas, E-mail: email@example.com, E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com, E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com, E-mail: email@example.com, E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com, E-mail: email@example.com, E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com, E-mail: email@example.com [Max Planck Institut fuer Sonnensystemforschung (MPS), Max-Planck-Strasse 2, 37191 Katlenburg-Lindau (Germany)
The patent consists of means for producing a region of homogeneous magnetic field remote from the source of the field, wherein two equal field sources are arranged axially so their fields oppose, producing a region near the plane perpendicular to the axis midway between the sources where the radial correspondent of the field goes through a maximum. Near the maximum, the field is homogeneous over prescribed regions.
Jackson, J.A.; Cooper, R.K.
Magnetic liquefier for hydrogen
This document summarizes work done at the Astronautics Technology Center of the Astronautics Corporation of America (ACA) in Phase 1 of a four phase program leading to the development of a magnetic liquefier for hydrogen. The project involves the design, fabrication, installation, and operation of a hydrogen liquefier providing significantly reduced capital and operating costs, compared to present liquefiers. To achieve this goal, magnetic refrigeration, a recently developed, highly efficient refrigeration technology, will be used for the liquefaction process. Phase 1 project tasks included liquefier conceptual design and analysis, preliminary design of promising configurations, design selection, and detailed design of the selected design. Fabrication drawings and vendor specifications for the selected design were completed during detailed design. The design of a subscale, demonstration magnetic hydrogen liquefier represents a significant advance in liquefaction technology. The cost reductions that can be realized in hydrogen liquefaction in both the subscale and, more importantly, in the full-scale device are expected to have considerable impact on the use of liquid hydrogen in transportation, chemical, and electronic industries. The benefits to the nation from this technological advance will continue to have importance well into the 21st century.
A magnetic field is force-free if there is no interaction between it and the plasma in the surrounding atmosphere, i.e., electric currents are aligned with the magnetic field, giving rise to zero Lorentz force. The computation of various magnetic parameters, such as magnetic energy (using the virial theorem), gradient of twist of sunspot magnetic fields (computed from the force-free parameter {alpha}), and any kind of extrapolation, heavily hinges on the force-free approximation of the photospheric sunspot magnetic fields. Thus, it is of vital importance to inspect the force-free behavior of sunspot magnetic fields. The force-free nature of sunspot magnetic fields has been examined earlier by some researchers, ending with incoherent results. Accurate photospheric vector field measurements with high spatial resolution are required to inspect the force-free nature of sunspots. For this purpose, we use several vector magnetograms of high spatial resolution obtained from the Solar Optical Telescope/Spectro-Polarimeter on board Hinode. Both the necessary and sufficient conditions for force-free nature are examined by checking the global and local nature of equilibrium magnetic forces over sunspots. We find that sunspot magnetic fields are not very far from the force-free configuration, although they are not completely force-free on the photosphere. The umbral and inner penumbral fields are more force-free than the middle and outer penumbral fields. During their evolution, sunspot magnetic fields are found to maintain their proximity to force-free field behavior. Although a dependence of net Lorentz force components is seen on the evolutionary stages of the sunspots, we do not find a systematic relationship between the nature of sunspot magnetic fields and the associated flare activity. Further, we examine whether the fields at the photosphere follow linear or nonlinear force-free conditions. After examining this in various complex and simple sunspots, we conclude that, in either case, photospheric sunspot magnetic fields are closer to satisfying the nonlinear force-free field approximation.
Tiwari, Sanjiv Kumar, E-mail: email@example.com [Udaipur Solar Observatory, Physical Research Laboratory, Dewali, Bari Road, Udaipur 313 001 (India)
An Investigation of the Effects of a Driven Plasma Rotation on Fluctuation in a Magnetized Linear Plasma Source. Final Technical Report
The rotation of a plasma is one of the most fundamental global modes of plasma behavior. It is the zeroth order plasma response to a transverse electric field. In its simplest kinetic form, the so-called E x B drift (here, E is the electric field vector and B is the magnetic field vector), both the ions and the electrons will undergo a drift in the same direction. This motion is considered a universal mode of a plasma since the mechanism of the E x B drift is, to zero-order, independent of both the mass and the charge of the particles.
Thomas, E.
Linear Collider Final Focus Magnet Construction | Superconducting Magnet
Linear Collider Final Focus Magnet Construction Linear Collider Final Focus Magnet Construction The final focus magnets for the International Linear Collider require very small quadrupoles be placed within the detector background field for both the entrance and exit beams. The use of superconducting magnets for this function provide solutions to several problems confronting the machine designers. One constraint is the operation within the 3 tesla detector field. The direct wind magnets are capable of operation without the use of magnetic materials in their construction, making them ideal for compact focussing solutions within detectors. The second constraint is the small physical size dictated by the crossing angle of the beams and proximity to the IR within the detector solenoid. The Direct Wind design does not require a collar to withstand Lorentz
The Application of a Technique for Vector Correlation to Problems in Meteorology and Oceanography
In a recent study, Crosby et al. proposed a definition for vector correlation that has not been commonly used in meteorology or oceanography. This definition has both a firm theoretical basis and a rather complete set of desirable statistical ...
L. C. Breaker; W. H. Gemmill; D. S. Crosby
Measuring the Wind Vector Using the Autonomous Mini Aerial Vehicle M2AV
The meteorological mini unmanned aerial vehicle (M2AV) was used for measuring the meteorological wind. The wind is the vector difference between the aircraft speed relative to the earth (inertial velocity) and relative to the airflow (true ...
Aline van den Kroonenberg; Tim Martin; Marco Buschmann; Jens Bange; Peter V�rsmann
Composite Kernels for Support Vector Classification of Hyper-Spectral Data
The incorporation of prior knowledge into the Support Vector Machine (SVM) architecture is a problem which if solved can lead to much more accurate classifiers in the near future. This result could be particularly effective in the classification of remote ...
Mojtaba Kohram; Mahd. Noor Sap
Kazakhstan's Energy in Foreign Policy : Oil and Gas in the Multi-vector Policy.
??This thesis examines the relationship between Kazakhstan�s oil and gas resources and its multi-vector foreign policy. The relationship is explored by studying how oil and� (more)
Henriksen, Karl Erik Bragtvedt
Malaria in Africa: Vector Species' Niche Models and Relative Risk Maps
Shackelford, Sahotra Sarkar* Section of Integrative Biology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, Shackelford N, Sarkar S (2007) Malaria in Africa: Vector Species' Niche Models and Relative Risk Maps. PLo
Sarkar, Sahotra
An information-theoretic, vector-space-model approach to cross-language information retrieval*
In this article, we demonstrate several novel ways in which insights from information theory (IT) and computational linguistics (CL) can be woven into a vector-space-model (VSM) approach to information retrieval (IR). Our proposals focus, essentially, ...
Peter a. Chew; Brett w. Bader; Stephen Helmreich; Ahmed Abdelali; Stephen j. Verzi
A Direct Link between Feature Tracking and Height Assignment of Operational EUMETSAT Atmospheric Motion Vectors
Height Assignment (HA) is currently the most challenging task in the operational Atmospheric Motion Vectors (AMVs) extraction scheme. Several sources of error are associated with the height assignment step, including the sensitivity of the HA ...
R�gis Borde; Marie Doutriaux-Boucher; Greg Dew; Manuel Carranza
Singular-Vector Perturbation Growth in a Primitive Equation Model with Moist Physics
Finite-time growth of perturbations in the presence of moist physics (specifically, precipitation) is investigated using singular vectors (SVs) in the context of a primitive equation regional model. Two difficulties appear in the explicit ...
Martin Ehrendorfer; Ronald M. Errico; Kevin D. Raeder
Does only the amplitude of the state vector carry the physical information?
We present theoretical and experimental evidences, which show that the material phase of the state vector is causally related with the dynamic of the quantum system and becomes carrier of physical information.
I. G. Koprinkov
Simplified vector-thread architectures for flexible and efficient data-parallel accelerators
This thesis explores a new approach to building data-parallel accelerators that is based on simplifying the instruction set, microarchitecture, and programming methodology for a vector-thread architecture. The thesis begins ...
Batten, Christopher Francis
Comparisons of Satellite-Derived Atmospheric Motion Vectors, Rawinsondes, and NOAA Wind Profiler Observations
Geostationary satellite-derived atmospheric motion vectors (AMVs) have been used over several decades in a wide variety of meteorological applications. The ever-increasing horizontal and vertical resolution of numerical weather prediction models ...
Kristopher M. Bedka; Christopher S. Velden; Ralph A. Petersen; Wayne F. Feltz; John R. Mecikalski
Cell squeezing : a vector-free microfluidic platform for intracellular delivery of macromolecules
Intracellular delivery of material is a long-standing challenge for both therapeutic and research applications. Existing technologies rely on a variety of mechanisms to facilitate delivery. Vector-based methods, such as ...
Sharei, Armon R. (Armon Reza)
The Impact of Satellite-Derived Atmospheric Motion Vectors on Mesoscale Forecasts over Hawaii
Tropospheric motions can be inferred from geostationary satellites by tracking clouds and water vapor in sequential imagery. These atmospheric motion vectors (AMV) have been operationally assimilated into global models for the past three decades, ...
T. Cherubini; S. Businger; C. Velden; R. Ogasawara
Singular Vectors and Time-Dependent Normal Modes of a Baroclinic Wave-Mean Oscillation
Linear disturbance growth is studied in a quasigeostrophic baroclinic channel model with several thousand degrees of freedom. Disturbances to an unstable, nonlinear wave-mean oscillation are analyzed, allowing the comparison of singular vectors ...
Christopher L. Wolfe; Roger M. Samelson
A Proposed Definition for Vector Correlation in Geophysics: Theory and Application
A universally accepted definition for vector correlation in oceanography and meteorology does not presently exist. To address this need, a generalized correlation coefficient, originally proposed by Hooper and later expanded upon by Jupp and ...
D. S. Crosby; L. C. Breaker; W. H. Gemmill
The Operational Use of QuikSCAT Ocean Surface Vector Winds at the National Hurricane Center
The utility and shortcomings of near-real-time ocean surface vector wind retrievals from the NASA Quick Scatterometer (QuikSCAT) in operational forecast and analysis activities at the National Hurricane Center (NHC) are described. The use of ...
Michael J. Brennan; Christopher C. Hennon; Richard D. Knabb
Validation of Satellite-Derived Atmospheric Motion Vectors and Analyses around Tropical Disturbances
Fields of atmospheric motion vectors (AMVs) are routinely derived by tracking features in sequential geostationary satellite infrared, water vapor, and visible-channel imagery. While AMVs produced operationally by global data centers are routinely ...
John Sears; Christopher S. Velden
High Resolution Hurricane Vector Winds from C-band Dual-Polarization SAR Observations
This study presents a new approach for retrieving hurricane surface wind vectors utilizing C-band dual-polarization (VV, VH) synthetic aperture radar (SAR) observations. The co-polarized geophysical model function (CMOD5.N) and a new cross-...
Biao Zhang; William Perrie; Jun A. Zhang; Eric W. Uhlhorn; Yijun He
Sea Ice and Current Response to the Wind: A Vector Regressional Analysis Approach
The authors describe a two-dimensional (vector) regressional model for examining the anisotropic response of ice drift and ocean current velocity (�drift velocity�) to surface wind forcing. Illustration of the method is limited to sea ice ...
Alexander B. Rabinovich; Georgy V. Shevchenko; Richard E. Thomson
Support vector machine for recognition of bio-products in gasoline
The paper presents the application of Support Vector Machine for recognition and classification of the bio-products in the gasoline. We consider the supplement of such bio-products, as ethanol, MTBE, ETBE and benzene. The recognition system contains ...
Kazimierz Brudzewski; Stanis?aw Osowski; Tomasz Markiewicz; Jan Ulaczyk
Validation and Interpretation of Adjoint-Derived Sensitivity Steering Vector as Targeted Observation Guidance
The adjoint-derived sensitivity steering vector (ADSSV) has been proposed and applied as a guidance for targeted observation in the field programs for improving tropical cyclone predictability, such as The Observing System Research and ...
Shin-Gan Chen; Chun-Chieh Wu; Jan-Huey Chen; Kun-Hsuan Chou
Lidar-Observed Stress Vectors and Veer in the Atmospheric Boundary Layer
We demonstrate that a pulsed wind lidar is a reliable instrument for measuring angles between horizontal vectors of significance in the atmospheric boundary layer. We consider three different angles: the wind turning, the angle between the stress ...
Jacob Berg; Jakob Mann; Edward G. Patton
Cartier's first theorem for Witt vectors on Z_{>= 0}^n - 0.
We show that the Witt vectors on Z_{>=0}^n - 0 as defined by Angeltveit, Gerhardt, Hill, and Lindenstrauss represent the functor taking a commutative formal group G to the maps of formal schemes Ahat^n to G.
Kirsten Wickelgren
Influence of Moist Physics and Norms on Singular Vectors for a Tropical Cyclone
In this study, the structures and growth rates of singular vectors (SVs) for Typhoon Usagi were investigated using different moist physics and norms. The fifth-generation Pennsylvania State University�National Center for Atmospheric Research ...
The Frontogenetical Forcing of Secondary Circulations. Part I: The Duality and Generalization of the Q Vector
Hoskins, Draghici, and others have shown that the Q vector is an important quantity in quasi-geostrophic (QG) theory for the diagnosis of ageostrophic circulations. In this paper, a vorticity dynamics perspective is used to develop a generalized ...
Robert Davies-Jones
Statistical Aspects of Estimated Principal Vectors (EOFs) Based on small Sample Sizes
Statistical properties of estimated nonisotropic principal vectors [empirical orthogonal functions (EOFs)] are reviewed and discussed. The standard eigenvalue estimator is nonnormally distributed and biased: the largest one becomes overestimated, ...
Hans von Storch; Gerhard Hannosch�ck
Estimation of Three-Dimensional Error Covariances. Part II: Analysis of Wind Innovation Vectors
The method of statistical analysis of wind innovation (observation minus forecast) vectors is refined upon the work of Hollingsworth and L�nnberg (HL). The new refinements include (i) improved spectral representations of wind forecast error ...
Qin Xu; Li Wei
A Regional Ensemble Prediction System Based on Moist Targeted Singular Vectors and Stochastic Parameter Perturbations
A regional ensemble prediction system (REPS) with the limited-area version of the Canadian Global Environmental Multiscale (GEM) model at 15-km horizontal resolution is developed and tested. The total energy norm singular vectors (SVs) targeted ...
Xiaoli Li; Martin Charron; Lubos Spacek; Guillem Candille
A fast and noise-tolerant method for positioning centers of spiraling and circulating vector fields
Identification of centers of circulating and spiraling vector fields are important in many applications. Tropical cyclone tracking, rotating object identification, analysis of motion video and movement of fluids are but some examples. In this paper, ...
Interpretation of Tropical Cyclone Forecast Sensitivity from the Singular Vector Perspective
In this study, the leading singular vectors (SVs), which are the fastest-growing perturbations (in a linear sense) to a given forecast, are used to examine and classify the dynamic relationship between tropical cyclones (TCs) and synoptic-scale ...
Jan-Huey Chen; Melinda S. Peng; Carolyn A. Reynolds; Chun-Chieh Wu
Generalized Adjoint for Physical Processes with Parameterized Discontinuities. Part II: Vector Formulations and Matching Conditions
Generalized tangent linear and adjoint equations are derived for a vector equation that contains a parameterized source term with discontinuous on/off switches controlled by a threshold condition. As an extension of Part I, the key results here ...
Qin Xu