PurposeThis study aims to explore the role of green motive (GM) and green dynamic capabilities (GDC) in green innovation (GI) through green value co-creation (GVC). Moreover, this study investigates the moderation of top management support (TMS) to strengthen the mediation of specific constructs; GM, GDC, green value co-creation (GVC) and green innovation (GI).Design/methodology/approachIn total, 337 respondents (executive level/chief executive officer (CEO)) of service organizations were approached using a convenience sampling technique to collect the data through the survey method. Of these, 294 (87% response rate) duly filled responses were used in the final data analysis. In SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) v-23, the Process Macro-Hayes was used to evaluate the study's conceptual framework empirically.FindingsThe study revealed that TMS strengthened the mediation framework of GM, GDC, GVC and GI. Moreover, all hypotheses related to direct and indirect associations of specific constructs used in the theoretical framework were statistically significant and proved.Originality/valueThe comprehensive framework for GI of service organizations, primarily in the context of developing countries like Pakistan, is deficient in literature. This study helps service organizations by providing a comprehensive GI model to put a central focus on the transformation of management philosophy and working approach for achieving GI in the services structure.


This paper examines a particular type of frontispiece - a depiction of angels showing a title tabula - that seems to have been in the decorative repertoire of Late Antique Gospel Books. The oldest surviving miniature presenting this composition is the title page of the Trier Gospels from eighth-century Echternach, which derives from a sixth-century prototype. A copy of this prototype was possibly made by the Registrum Master, which, by the end of the tenth century, was in contact with the scriptorium of Echternach. A Gospel Book from the diocese of Liege provides evidence of the existence of this supposed model; the decoration of the Liege example seems likely to have been copied in part from that model, which later also became a source of inspiration for the luxurious Gospel Books created at Echternach. The eleventh-century miniatures suggest that the decorative cycle of the Late Antique prototype may have included several angel pages. The type of frontispiece considered here appears also in some illustr...


The essential design concern of a sensor network is to balance energy consumption of sensor nodes (SNs) to prolong the network lifetime. Many research works cited that clustering techniques efficiently utilize the network's energy resource by organizing SNS into groups of clusters and benefits in reduced data transmission. An extensively used category of cluster‐based protocols is the probabilistic clustering technique in which a preset optimum likelihood is used to facilitate the selection procedure of cluster head (CH). These clustering techniques suffer from non‐uniform dissemination of CH, which leads to uneven load balance and uneven energy consumption of SNs during network activities like data transmitting and data receiving. This causes an energy‐hole problem and reduces network lifetime. In order to solve these issues, we have focused on to design a balanced cluster‐based data aggregation and formulate a method that increases the energy efficiency of probabilistic clustering techniques by optimizing the number of clusters and the dissemination of CHs in the sensor network. The simulation analysis proves that the proposed technique accomplishes significantly enhanced than the existing works.


Background: Saussurea lappa is one of the popular Ayurvedic herb; costunolide and dehydrocostus lactones are well-known sesquiterpene lactones contained in many plants used as popular herbs, such as S. lappa, and have been considered as potential candidates for the treatment of various types of tumor. Objective: The present study was used for the quantification of costunolide and dehydrocostus lactone in S. lappa and its polyherbal formulations, stability studies of markers and characterization of their degradants. Materials and Methods: HPLC analysis was performed on Waters NOVAPAK HR C18 column (300 mm × 3.9 mm i.d., 6 μm) using isocratic elution with acetonitrile and water (60:40% v/v). Results: The calibration curves of both analytes showed good linearity within the established range 5-100 μg/ml. The limits of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ) were 1.5 and 4.6 μg/ml for costunolide and 1.3 and 4.0 μg/ml for dehydrocostus lactone, respectively. Good results were achieved with respect to repeatability (%RSD < 2.0) and recovery (99.3-101.8%). Conclusion: The method was found to be precise, accurate, specific, and was successfully used for analyzing costunolide and dehydrocostus lactone in S. lappa and its polyherbal formulations. The developed method was found to be suitable for stability studies of markers and characterization of their degradation products.


Developers spend a substantial amount of their time with program comprehension. To improve their comprehension and refresh their memory, developers need to communicate with other developers, read the documentation, and analyze the source code. Many studies show that developers focus primarily on the source code and that small improvements can have a strong impact. As such, it is crucial to bring the code itself into a more comprehensible form. A particular technique for this purpose are explicit feature traces to easily identify a program's functionalities. To improve our empirical understanding about the effects of feature traces, we report an online experiment with 49 professional software developers. We studied the impact of explicit feature traces, namely annotations and decomposition, on program comprehension and compared them to the same code without traces. Besides this experiment, we also asked our participants about their opinions in order to combine quantitative and qualitative data. Our results indicate that, as opposed to purely object-oriented code: (1) annotations can have positive effects on program comprehension; (2) decomposition can have a negative impact on bug localization; and (3) our participants perceive both techniques as beneficial. Moreover, none of the three code versions yields significant improvements on task completion time. Overall, our results indicate that lightweight traceability, such as using annotations, provides immediate benefits to developers during software development and maintenance without extensive training or tooling; and can improve current industrial practices that rely on heavyweight traceability tools (e.g., DOORS) and retroactive fulfillment of standards (e.g., ISO-26262, DO-178B).


Type inference and type reconstruction derive static types for program elements that have no static type associated with them. They have a wide range of usage, such as helping to eliminate the burden of manually specifying types, verifying whether a program is type-safe, helping to produce more optimized code or helping to understand programs. While type inference and type reconstruction is an active field of research, most existing techniques are interested foremost in the precision of their approaches, at the expense of execution speed. As a result, existing approaches are not suited to give direct feedback in development environments, where interactivity dictates very fast approaches. This paper presents a type reconstruction algorithm for variables that is extremely fast (in the order of milliseconds) and reasonably precise (75 percent). The system is implemented as a byte-code evaluator in several Smalltalk environments, and its execution speed and precision are validated on a number of concrete case studies.


Objective To evaluate the value of intervention chemotherapy in treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC) before radiotherapy.Methods Forty-three csses of NPC diagnosed clinically were treated with maxillary artery and ascending pharyngeal artery infusion(trans-femoral) of cisplatin,5-fluorouracil and Pingyangmycin.Radiotherapy was started one week after intervention chemotherapy.Sixty-five patients with advanced NPC treated with radiotherapy alone in the same period of time served as the control.Results At four weeks following completion of radiotherapy, complete response rates in the treatment and control groups were 74.4% and 60.0%, respectively.Conclusion Clinical application of intervention chemotherapy to NPC before radiotherapy is effective and safe.


A measurement system for monitoring bladder activity during sleep has been established. It includes bladder pressure measurements via suprapubic catheters, measurements of abdominal pressure activity via a rectally placed catheter, measurements of pelvic floor activity via surface electrodes placed perianally, and detections of involuntary voidings during sleep by a specially designed marking and alarm system. The system has been applied to 50 children with vesicoureteral reflux. In 40 patients, monitoring succeeded without discomfort to the patients. Preliminary analysis revealed bladder activity in all patients during sleep, an activity which is undergoing further analysis.


A method for estimation of maltodextrin in milk is described. The action of amyloglucosidase on maltodextrin results in release of glucose. The glucose is then estimated by glucose-assay-kit comprising of glucose oxidase, peroxidase, phenol and aminoantipyrine. 2.5 mg or 167 units of amyloglucosidase hydrolyzed 40 mg of maltodextrin in 30 min at 60°C. Glucose assay was sensitive to estimate 2.5 5 μg glucose in 10 μl volume and was linear up to 40 μg with coefficient of correlation (R 2 ) value of 0.9998. Recovery of maltodextrin in spiked milk was in the range of 91-93%. Preservatives (sodium azide, bronopol and formalin) and adulterants (urea, neutralizer, sucrose) in milk did not interfere in maltodextrin estimation. Since, amyloglucosidase removes glucose from non-reducing end of α-1,4 and α-1,6 glucosidic linkage, the method will estimate both maltodextrin and starch.


The study examined the effects of postharvest losses on selected fruits and vegetables among small-scale farmers in Gboko Local Government Area of Benue State. Purposive sampling was adopted in selecting four different local fruits and vegetable markets, in each of the markets selected 30 respondents (fruits and vegetables producers) were selected randomly, making a total of 120 respondents. Structured questionnaire was administered on the respondents through interview. Data collected were analyzed through descriptive statistics and multiple regression. Results of the findings revealed that 55% of the producers were female, 38.2% were age between 21-30 years, 85.8% had family size of between 1-5 persons, 36.7% attended tertiary institutions, 62% were farmers and 56.7% had farming experience of between 1-9 years. The results further revealed that 48.5% lost about $30.5 on annual basis, 35% lost at least 1,000Kg of fruits and vegetables on annual basis, 57.5% lost produce due to non-availability of buyers, 55% of the produce were tomatoes, there was a significant difference between effects of postharvest losses and socio-economic characteristics of the respondents at (P<1). It is recommended that government should provide infrastructure for fruits and vegetables processing industries to be established in the area to avoid fruits and vegetables wastages.


Current teacher evaluation systems place value on collaborative relationships between educators. Common Core Standards strongly suggest interdisciplinary units of study and make several references to reading and literacy in all subject areas. While current trends in education point to collaboration and a more holistic approach to learning, the practice remains a hit-or-miss exercise. The school librarian is in the unique position of being able to see connections among the different subject areas by virtue of his or her expertise on the resources available to each of these areas. When he or she is able to assist in the creation of curricular units that incorporate a variety of subjects into lesson plans, students are free to make connections that may have eluded them in single-subject studies. This chapter discusses one librarian's approach to collaboration that focuses on relationships, connections, and creativity.


Importance
The L-asparaginase-based SMILE (dexamethasone, methotrexate, ifosfamide, L-asparaginase, and etoposide) chemotherapy regimen has shown higher response rates and survival benefit over an anthracycline-containing regimen. However, the safety profile was not satisfied. A well-tolerated regimen with promising efficacy is lacking.

Objective
To compare the efficacy and safety of the DDGP (dexamethasone, cisplatin, gemcitabine, and pegaspargase) regimen with the SMILE regimen in newly diagnosed advanced-stage (III/IV) extranodal natural killer/T-cell lymphoma (ENKL).

Design, Setting, and Participants
This was an open-label, multicenter, randomized clinical trial that took place across 12 participating hospitals in China from January 2011 to February 2019. Patients were eligible if they were 14 to 70 years old with newly diagnosed ENKL in stages III/IV and had an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status of 0 to 2. Eligible patients were evenly randomized to either the DDGP or SMILE group.

Interventions
Patients in each group were treated with the assigned regimen every 21 days for 6 cycles.

Main Outcomes and Measures
The primary end point was progression-free survival (PFS), and secondary end points included overall response rate and overall survival (OS). The adverse events between the DDGP and SMILE groups were compared.

Results
Among the 87 randomized patients, 80 received treatment (40 in the DDGP group and 40 in the SMILE group); the median (IQR) age was 43 (12) years, and 51 (64%) were male. The baseline characteristics were similar between the groups. At a median follow-up of 41.5 months, the median PFS was not reached in the DDGP group vs 6.8 months in the SMILE group (HR, 0.42; 95% CI, 0.23-0.77; P = .004), and the median OS was not reached in the DDGP group vs 75.2 months in the SMILE group (HR, 0.41; 95% CI, 0.19-0.89, P = .02). The PFS rate at 3 years and OS rate at 5 years were higher in the DDGP group vs the SMILE group (3-year PFS, 56.6% vs 41.8%; 5-year OS, 74.3% vs 51.7%). The overall response rate was higher in the DDGP group than in the SMILE group (90.0% vs 60.0%; P = .002). Grade 3 and 4 hematologic toxic effects were more frequently reported in the SMILE group vs the DDGP group (leukopenia, 85.0% vs 62.5%; neutropenia, 85.0% vs 65.0%).

Conclusions and Relevance
In this randomized clinical trial, the DDGP regimen showed promising preliminary results for patients with newly diagnosed local advanced ENKL. A confirmation trial based on larger population is warranted.

Trial Registration
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01501149.


This paper provides a systemic overview and brief review to research results at home and sbroad,which related to the definition of energy efficiency,the relationship between energy and economic growth,the influencing factors of energy efficiency and its relevant aspects.Finally the study points out the existing inadequacies that need to be improved.


Dental caries is initiated by bacteria growing as biofilms on the surface of teeth. Evaluation of dental antiseptics should therefore be performed on bacterial biofilms, rather than on planktonic cultures. We report the susceptibilities of biofilms of the cariogenic organism Streptococcus mutans to in-use concentrations of two commonly used oral antiseptics, chlorhexidine gluconate and cetylpyridinium chloride.

Biofilms were grown anaerobically at 37°C for 17 or 72 h on cellulose nitrate membranes placed on the surface of tryptone soya agar. They were then immersed in 0.2% chlorhexidine gluconate or 0.05% cetylpyridinium chloride solution at 37°C for up to 60 min, followed by vortexing in inactivating broth to detach the cells. The resulting bacterial suspensions were then diluted and enumerated by viable counting. Exposure of biofilms grown for 72 h to chlorhexidine gluconate or cetylpyridinium chloride for 1 or 5 min had little effect on viability. Similarly, a 1-min exposure of 17-h biofilms to either antiseptic, or a 5-min exposure to cetylpyridinium chloride, had little effect on viable count. However, chlorhexidine gluconate achieved a 2.3 log reduction in count of 17-h biofilms following 5 min exposure, and both antiseptics achieved at least a 3.7 log reduction in viable count of 17- and 72-h biofilms after 60 min. Planktonic cells of S. mutans were much more susceptible than biofilms and were killed rapidly, giving > 3.0 log reductions in viable count within 1 min of exposure to either chlorhexidine gluconate or cetylpyridinium chloride.

This study demonstrates that biofilms of S. mutans are considerably less susceptible to both chlorhexidine gluconate and cetylpyridinium chloride than planktonic cells and that older biofilms are more resistant to the antiseptics than younger biofilms. Chlorhexidine gluconate (0.2%) was found to be more effective than 0.05% cetylpyridinium chloride.


Cu-5%Cr powder was milled at different temperatures with a multifunctional high energy mill.The effect of milling temperature on mechanical alloying of Cu-Cr system was studied by X-ray diffraction(XRD).The results showed that it was difficult for Cu-Cr mixtures to be alloyed at room temperature.When the temperature in the milling vial was below 10 ℃,Cu(Cr) solid solution formed.However,the solid solution of Cu(Cr) was unstable.When the alloyed powder was annealed,Cr was segregated from the Cu matrix.


A biomimetic model of a monooxygenase enzyme was designed and synthesized on a silica surface using a facile procedure, for the purpose of direct functionalization of hydrocarbons. Immobilization and isolation of simple and bulky forms of iron tetraphenylporphyrin was accomplished by coordinative ligation to anchored imidazolyl groups in hydrophobic cavities formed by alkyl chains attached to the surface. The synthesized catalyst was dispersed in an aqueous solution with alkenes. The substrates were catalytically epoxidized by H2O2 as the oxygen donor in the presence of imidazole. The high catalytic activity for the epoxidation of alkenes is discussed with respect to the characteristics of the novel catalyst structure and of the applied reaction system.


Abstract Churu, Yapese dance-chants, were first documented by visitors to Yap in 1874. They were further documented in considerable detail in 1903 by Born and by Furness, in 1908 by a German expedition led by Wilhelm Muller, and in 1915 by a Capuchin missionary, Sixtus Walleser. In the eighty years since Walleser's publication, no comprehensive studies of churu have been published, leaving researchers with limited sources with which to work. These early documents can provide historical insight into Yapese performance and genres of churu, but their accuracy and reliability must now be questioned when compared with late twentieth-century churu genres and performance practice.


Differential evolution was developed for reliable and versatile function optimization. It has also become interesting for other domains because of its ease to use. In this paper, we posed the question of whether differential evolution can also be used by solving of the combinatorial optimization problems, and in particular, for the graph coloring problem. Therefore, a hybrid self-adaptive differential evolution algorithm for graph coloring was proposed that is comparable with the best heuristics for graph coloring today, i.e. Tabucol of Hertz and de Werra and the hybrid evolutionary algorithm of Galinier and Hao. We have focused on the graph 3-coloring. Therefore, the evolutionary algorithm with method SAW of Eiben et al., which achieved excellent results for this kind of graphs, was also incorporated into this study. The extensive experiments show that the differential evolution could become a competitive tool for the solving of graph coloring problem in the future.


Many various mechanical systems such as robotic arms, conveyer drives, multimass systems contain flexible joints. Because of described feature these objects are vulnerable for oscillations. To reduce its occurrence input shaping method might be used. The algorithm of input shaping is very simple to use, provides good effects and doesn't require the changes in control loop. The algorithm's work is presented on crane load oscillation reduction example, but might be used for every robotic tool, that is vulnerable for oscillations.


Calibration, verification and application of a single calibration parameter catchment yield model that has rainfall, temperature and landuse as inputs is presented. Calibration/verification data includes more than 1200 catchments drawn from worldwide sources spanning a wide range of climates, geology and soils. On quality datasets the single calibration parameter has, inter regionally, a coefficient of variation (CV) of about 3% and intra regionally about 20% indicating the model captures the 'average' effects of rainfall and climate on actual evapotranspiration and complimentary runoff globally while real difference in response exist on a catchment by catchment basis likely due to topography, geology and soils. The notion of real inter catchment difference is supported by within region sub basin nested catchments also having low calibration parameter CVs. Across the 573 catchment quality HCDN dataset with mean annual rainfall varying from 229 to 2565 mm, the evaporative potential surrogate, SVP , varying from 9.6 to 46.3 mb and yields from 4.1 to 2202 mm the single parameter model yield prediction has an R2 = 0.90 and Nash-Sutcliffe criterion of 0.88. Application of the model to climate change impact assessment and the disaggregation of annual runoff is presented.


Skirts are the inflated structure which extend around and beneath a hovercraft that allow the craft to operate in rough seas and over uneven ground. The early skirts were designed on the basis of model testing and practical experience, but as the size of craft increased and improved performance was required it became evident that a more sophisticated approach was needed. This was carried out by developing computer programs to design the sectional shapes, investigate the quasi-static behaviour and derive the flat pat tern shapes from which the skirt is made. The responsive skirts fitted to large cross-Channel hovercraft, the Super 4, and the latest coastal craft, the AP 1-88/100 were developed using these techniques. Investigations into the cutting of sheets of non-metallic materials by a high-pressure water jet showed that this was ideal for the nylon woven fabric coated with either natural rubber or neoprene from which skirts are made. A cutting table with a NC tape-fed controller has been developed with a jet of 0.15 mm (0.006 in) diameter operating at 379 MPa (55000 lbf/in2). All the processes of producing a skirt, design, detailing with CADAM, part programming and cutting out are now integrated via computer links giving significant savings of time and costs.


The dyeing behavior of selected both carbocyclic and heterocyclic vat dyes on polyamide PA and polyester PET fabrics have been examined. Factors affecting dyeability such as sodium hydrosulphite concentration, dyeing temperature and dye concentration were also studied. It was found that color strength (K/S) values of the carbocyclic vat dyes on PA and PET are high, which confirms the usefulness of these dyes for dyeing PA and PET fabrics in a neutral medium (acid leuco) at the specific temperature 120°C with very good fastness properties. However, K/S values obtained using heterocyclic vat dyes are very low compared with those obtained using carbocyclic vat dyes. The results indicate the possibility of using carbocyclic vat dyes for the one-bath and one-stage dyeing of PA/PET blend fabric with very good fastness properties.


SUMMARY The necessity for agitation of anodising solutions is well known but is particularly acute in the case of production of hard anodised surfaces. Throughout metal finishing agitation is widely practised for a number of reasons, only two of which are appropriate to anodising: 1. To remove heat from the electrode-electrolyte interface.2. To dissipate aluminium ions and any oxygen gas at the anode/solution interface. The use of eductors, which are available in many proprietorial forms, is in principle old technology but has recently been adapted for use in electroplating applications. The paper will discuss results for eductor agitation and show that they are of importance in the context of surface heat dispersal, the effectiveness of which can be assessed in terms of anodic film hardness and porosity which are the two properties most sensitive to temperature rise beyond specified values. Limitations of the analogy will also be considered, notably that anodic film formation is not usually solution mass transfer controlled and so the opportunities for process rate-enhancement may be limited, unlike electrodeposition.


This paper presents the development of minimum effort active noise control theory for feedforward single-input single output (SISO) architecture, which includes the feedback acoustic path in the controller formulation. The theoretical range of effective minimum effort parameter with respect to level of point cancellation at the observer and the interference pattern generated around the observer for periodic noise control in free-field are investigated. It is found that for a minimum of 6 dB cancellation which corresponds to cancellation factor of 0.75 at the observer, the effort parameter must be specified as less than unity. It is also found that the cancellation pattern characterised by 20 dB, 10 dB and 6 dB zones reduces significantly in terms of size with an increase in the value of the effort term.


This paper will discuss an experimental study that was conducted to evaluate the increase in crack width occurring over time in fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) reinforced concrete as a result of sustained loading. Twelve beams (eight GFRP, two CFRP, and two steel-reinforced) were maintained under a constant sustained service load for nearly three years. Three flexural cracks were monitored on each beam over the duration of the test. The observed increase in flexural crack widths over the study was greater in the FRP-reinforced specimens than in the steel-reinforced specimens. On average, flexural crack widths in FRP-reinforced concrete specimens were observed to double over one year of sustained loading. A simple design approach, based on modification to the existing ACI 440 (2006) crack control procedure, is proposed to account for this observed increase in crack widths with time.


Dramatist Ariel Dorfman replies to three commentaries on his play Picasso's Closet, the text of which is presented in this issue. Dorfman elaborates on the concerns that urged him to originally write the play, and he reflects on discussants' suggestions. He considers such issues as the experience of exile under tyranny, the transformative power of art, and the challenges facing literary works dealing with past events.


An empirical method for the calculation of average molecular polarizability is introduced. In this method, the effective atomic polarizabilities are described as a function of net atomic charges which are obtained with the modified partial equalization of orbital electronegativity (M-PEOE) method. The effective atomic polarizability is derived with the aid of the Thomas-Fermi model of multiply-charged spherical ions. The calculated polarizabilities agree well with experimental data. Nonbonded potential parameters are also calculated as a function of net atomic charges from the effective atomic polarizabilities


Abstract The results of optical studies of the equilibrium and non equilibrium properties of incommensurate phases are briefly described. Then a presentation of the results obtained on the incommensurate phase of quartz by optical measurements is given. Small anomalies of the polarization of light propagating along the Z axis have been associated with the existence of a 1q inc phase, in a small temperature interval of a few hundreths of a degree, between the β phase and the usual 3q inc phase. At the transition from the 3q inc phase to the α phase, an inhomogeneous intermediate region produces large variations of optical properties and a strong light scattering. In the inc phase birefringence measurements are very sensitive to the variations of the modulation wavevector and show clear evidence of irreversible behavior such as global hysteresis, pinning and memory effects, which are mainly related to the presence of chemical impurities. Recently a new effect has been discovered by birefringence measurement...


It is urgently necessary to ・ establish the fun ( 始 皿 e 且 ta1 皿 eans the maritime of the tuna fishing boats , Out of the proximate causes of the distress , about 70 to the . mental or social origin , 20 per cent to the inadequecy in ships ' structures 止 maintainance , 10 per cent to the a 〔 比 of God and etc , This paper emphasizes the remote of the mental or social origin .


It has long been an established part of the theories of scanning Anglo-Saxon verse, and especially Beowulf, that the place of the verb in the alliterative structure is of importance. The poet of Beowulf seems to have been less inclined than other poets to allow a finite verb to take precedence of a noun in alliteration; in the Finnsburg Fragment, for example, the finite verb is given a greater share of alliterative stress. In this matter there is a fundamental difference between the first and the second half-line; for in the first half-line the verb often shares in double alliteration. In the second half-line containing both a noun (other than a noun used in adverbial function, usually in the dative plural, as, for example, Beowulf 741 slat unwearnum) and a verb, it is rare for the verb to come first and take the alliteration, and particularly rare in Beowulf. The poet of Beowulf does not even allow an imperative to usurp a noun's place in alliteration, though, as R.W. Chambers pointed out long ago, other poets do. More recently, A.Campbell, in an important discussion of Anglo-Saxon second half-lines with verbs taking precedence of nouns in alliteration, suggests that such lines in Beowulf may be traditional and that they may point to metrical practice in Germanic less restricted in this


Over the past several years, computed tomography (CT) methods have advanced significantly, yielding novel analytic and iterative solutions applicable to medical CT and micro-CT. The resulting algorithms promise to improve spatial , contrast, or temporal resolution as well as to suppress artifacts and reduce radiation dose. Significant attention has been devoted to optimizing computational performance and to balancing conflicting requirements. Both theoretically oriented and application-specific issues are also being addressed. As a snapshot of the dynamically changing field of CT, this special issue includes 10 high-quality original papers. Because spiral cone-beam CT can be used for rapid vol-umetric imaging with high longitudinal resolution, the development of exact and efficient algorithms for image reconstruction from spiral cone-beam projection data has been a subject of active research in recent years. Katsevich's filtered backprojection (FBP) formula represents a significant breakthrough in this field [1]. In this special issue, Yang et al. propose a parallel implementation of Katsevich's FBP formula [2] by the one-beam cover method, in which the backprojec-tion procedure is independently driven by cone-beam projections. Based on Katsevich's work, generalized backprojec-tion filtration (BPF) and FBP algorithms are developed to reconstruct images from data collected along more flexible scanning trajectories [3]. Using these recently developed algorithms , Yu et al. propose a local region reconstruction scheme [4]. The principal idea is to deliver a normal radiation dose to a local region of interest (ROI) that may contain a lesion while applying a very low radiation dose to the structures outside the ROI. Both the FBP and BPF algorithms can produce excellent results with a minimal increment to the dose needed for purely local CT. Despite important advancements in the development of exact cone-beam reconstruction, approximate algorithms remain practically and theoretically valuable. Feldkamp et al. heuristically adapted the fan-beam FBP algorithm for approximate cone-beam reconstruction in the case of a circular scanning locus [5]. This formulation, called the FDK algorithm , is more desirable in many cases than exact cone-beam reconstruction approaches in terms of several aspects of image quality and computational implementation. Since then, many efforts have been made to extend the FDK algorithm to other scanning configurations, leading to a series of FDK-like algorithms. In this special issue, Yan et al. propose an approximate FDK-like reconstruction algorithm for tilted-gantry CT imaging [6]. The method improves the image reconstruction by filtering the projection data along a direction that is determined by CT parameters …


By analyzing the vegetation state of stands in management unit II SomeE™ from Codrii SAƒtmarului Forest District, it was established that it was a precarious one, existing various destabilizing and limiting factors that cause great issues in the management of poplar stands. The total area affected by destabilizing and limiting factors is 62.2 ha, representing 60% (23 stands) of the management unit's area. In addition to edaphic and hydrological limiting factors, analyses performed on poplar wood slices and fragments sectioned from these, respectively from affected shoots, and macroscopic and in detail observations showed the presence of symptoms characteristic to the attack of Agrilus sp. Moreover, saprophyte agents and pathogens from different genera were identified which occurred due to the weakening of the vegetation condition such as: Valsa sordida, Cytospora sp., Pleurotus ostreatus, Griphola sulfureea, which under these conditions have a high virulence and degree of attack. The social-economic and ecological value of the studied stands does not rise to the level of existing potential, being recommended the rebuilding and substitution of low production and temporary stands, in order to be in accordance to be in accordance to site quality, through the promotion of species that have favourable growing and development conditions in management unit II SomeE™.Â


This paper presents a novel reliable tracking control approach for an aircraft system with wing/control surface impairment faults. The approach is based on multiobjective optimization via affine parameter-dependent Lyapunov functions and an iterative Linear Matrix Inequalities (LMIs) algorithm. The solutions of an initial stabilizing controller used by the iterative algorithm are further studied. The application to an aircraft similar to F-16 with control surface impairment in the horizontal stabilisators illustrates the effectiveness of the proposed approach.


Serum p-amyloid peptide(Aβ)40 and Ap42 levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)and atherosclerosis(AS)were detected by ELISA.The results showed that serum Ap40 level in T2DM group was significantly higher than that in the control group[(274.70±159.51 vs 162.63±87.58)pg/ml,P<0.05],especially in the diabetic patients accompanied with AS[(616.95±195.13)pg/m],P<0.01].Serum Ap40 level in simple AS group was also higher than that in control group[(318.52± 188.65)pg/ml,P<0.05].These results suggest that Ap40 is a risk factor of T2DM complicated with AS.However,there was no difference in serum Ap42 levels among various groups.

Key words:
Diabetes mellitus,type 2;  Atherosclerosis;  p-amyloid peptide 40;  p-amyloid peptide 42


A tunnel type oven having a magnetic suspension conveying function comprises a box and a trolley. Openings are formed in the two ends of the box, a guide rail is arranged at the bottom of the box, and a first magnetic suspension conveying system is arranged on the guide rail. The trolley is provided with a second magnetic suspension conveying system. The first magnetic suspension conveying system and the second magnetic suspension conveying system interact and generate traction force to push the trolley to do magnetic suspension motion. According to the tunnel type oven, friction-free and noise-free operating of the trolley can be achieved, noise pollution is reduced, mechanical abrasion is avoided, and the maintenance cost is reduced. As no supporting medium is needed, the tunnel type oven can work for a long time without lubrication or maintenance. Stress distribution is even, and stress is greatly reduced. The manufacturing cost can be reduced, and service life reliability can be improved.


A prototype surface flow constructed wetland was built in the upstream area of Sihwa reclaimed tidal lands to improve the water quality of Lake Sihwa by treating severely polluted stream water. In this study, we monitored hydrology, macrophyte (Phragmites communis Trin,) growth, and water quality in the Banwol and Donghwa wetlands to evaluate their performance during the initial period after the completion of wetland construction, The average removal efficiency() in each wetland was relatively low compared with the performance data from the North America Wetland Treatment System Database (NADB), which mainly includes urban sewage-treatment wetlands. However, the average removal rates per unit area () were 0.72, 0.72 and 0.51 (BOD), 2,04, 2.46 and 0.70 (SS), 0.89, 0.43 and 1.09 (TN) and 0.02, 0.02 and 0.02 (TP) in the Banwol and Donghwa wetlands and NADB, respectively. The overall performance of the Banwol and Donghwa wetlands was within the expected range of the wetland system processes contributing the reduction of the pollutant load to Lake Sihwa during the initial period of wetland operation. Considering the low influent concentration, high hydraulic loading rate, and insufficient macrophyte growth since the wetland was constructed, better performance is expected if an improved operational scheme is adopted.


Abstract Stability of humus in the plow layer soil is considered to affect the quantity and quality of dissolved organic matter leached from the plow layer soil. Therefore, a model experiment was conducted to analyze the effect of soil reduction under submerged conditions on the stability of humus in the plow layer soil. The changes in the stability of humus in the plow layer soil during submerged incubations with and without rice straw application were evaluated based on the changes in the binding type of humus. Binding type of humus in the plow layer soil was analyzed by successive extractions of organic matter with water, 0.25 M Na2SO4, 0.1 M Na4P2O7 (pH 7.0), 0.1 M Na4P2O7 (pH 10.5), and 0.1 M Na4P2O7 (pH 10.5) with NaBH4. Amounts of Fe, Mn, and Mg in each fraction were also determined to estimate the relationships between humus and metals. The successive extraction of humus indicated that the amount of organic carbon which was extractable with the (NaBH4 +0.1 M Na4P2O7) solution decreased while that ...


In order to describe the planning space of path planning quantitatively,the concept of operational area of anti-ship missiles path planning is put forward based on geometric principle,and the geometrical essence of path planning is unearthed.Then the tactical significance of operational areas is deeply analyzed,and based on this concept,the method of converse path planning is put forward.The process of converse path planning reveals the geometric gradual transformation rule of operational areas,and increases the efficiency for the extension of path points.Barriers are evaded by polar extending,which can build a better path tree.Finally the required path is searched by the method of multi-attribute fuzzy optimization.Simulation results indicate that the proposed algorithm has fewer computation load,higher computing rate,and the calculated path accords with the flight characteristics of anti-ship missiles,which is close to practice of project application.


Summary In the present paper, I investigate different types of impersonal sentences in Slavic languages focusing on impersonal sentences with accusative internal arguments (objects). These constructions pose various questions concerning selectional properties of the categories involved in the syntactic derivation of the respective sentences and concerning the licensing of morphological markers, esp. of the accusative of internal arguments and of the dative of quasi-subjects with certain types of reflexive impersonals. I will discuss these issues in the first two sections following the introduction claiming that at least the main (verbal) predicates of impersonals sentences with accusative internal arguments also select a semantically bleached, phonetically null external argument. The arguments for this analysis involve both theoretical and empirical considerations. In section 4, I will briefly turn to the impersonal morphological markers of verbal and nominal predicates. I will propose a default mechanism for the impersonal variant relying on feature hierarchies and markedness rejecting an agreement analysis with the phonetically null external argument.


A method of treating atopic dermatitis of immunodeficient B type comprising Licorice foam-bath exc, wherein additional reception foam intragastric cocktail of 200,0-250,0 ml for 15 min before meals one time a day in an amount of 10 treatments, where as the dispersed phase and the dispersion medium exc - carbon dioxide.


The wide use of the broad-spectrum antibiotics, corticosteroids and immunosuppressant may lead to lower immunity which can increases the chance of fungi infection. Searching a better antifungal therapy is one of the direction of medical research. Ionizing radiation can quickly and effectively kill the microorganisms, and also can be the antifungal. The research suggests that the method of targeting radioimmunotherapy labeled specific antibody may become an effective antifungal treatment channels.

Key words:
Radioimmunotherapy;  Mycoses;  Antibodies, fungal;  Rhenium


This paper[i] aim to understand the role of today's accounting requirements for financial intermediaries (banks and insurers), to be aware of their limitations and to underscore the need for reform in order to foster long-term and then low-carbon capital spending in Europe. The paper shows that International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) can affect long-term asset allocation of banks and insurance companies. International accounting standards do not differentiate between low and carbon intensive investment and do not take into account climate risks beforehand. To tackle these issues, we make some recommendations to promote long term and low-carbon investment.

[i] This paper was elaborated as part of a partnership with the French Accounting Standards Setter (Autorite des Normes Comptables, ANC), the Foundation for the research of the Caisse des Depots (CDC) and BNP Paribas between June 2013 and December 2015.


This research main objective was to identify the vi ability of raising grass carps, Ctenopharyngodon idella , by feeding them with rice grass, Echinochloa sp, with a product of low cost aims to motivate a rational production of fish and to promote a new feeding and/or


This paper introduces the requirements of GB 9706.1 for fuses in the medical electrical equipment,thus to provide references of safety design and production of medical electrical equipment.


Theodor Adorno's famous quote, "To write poetry after Auschwitz is barbaric," puts forth one of the most complex questions ever raised by art about the Holocaust. Namely, how can we render the invisible visible? By examining Adorno's quote, this article aims to provide a critical overview of German literature's varying approaches to the Holocaust and the memory of the Holocaust from the post-war period to today.


We use an expansive regulatory loan-level dataset to analyze how the portfolios of the largest US banks have evolved since 2011. In particular, we analyze how the commercial and industrial and commercial real estate loan portfolios have changed in response to stress-testing requirements stipulated in the 2010 Dodd-Frank Act. We find that the largest US banks, which are subject to stress testing, have become more similar since the current form of the stress testing was implemented in 2011. We also find that banks with poor stress test results tend to adjust their portfolios in a way that makes them more similar to the portfolios of banks that performed well in the stress testing. In general, stress testing has resulted in more diversified bank portfolios in terms of sectoral and regional distributions. However, we also find that all the large US banks diversified in a similar way, creating a more concentrated systemic portfolio in the aggregate.


In this work, the formfactor influence on the diffraction efficiency of 2D and 3D phase holograms was analyzed. Experimental results showed that holograms recorded in a chalcogenide glassy semiconductor and an azopolymer have limitations on maximum achievable diffraction efficiency. The coefficient of optimal exposure increase that is necessary to achieve maximum achievable diffraction efficiency was obtained. Due to the difference between the values of the formfactor in the case of the Raman-Nath diffraction and of that in the case of the Bragg diffraction for diffraction on thin (2D) holograms, the value of the formfactor turned out to be larger than that for diffraction on volume (3D) phase holograms.


The important role of miRNA in cell proliferation and differentiation has raised interest in exogenous ribonucleases (RNases) as tools to control tumour-associated intracellular and extracellular miRNAs. In this work, we evaluated the effects of the RNase binase from Bacillus pumilus on small non-coding regulatory RNAs in the context of mouse RLS40 lymphosarcoma inhibition. In vitro binase exhibited cytotoxicity towards RLS40 cells via apoptosis induction through caspase-3/caspase-7 activation and decreased the levels of miR-21a, let-7g, miR-31 and miR-155. Intraperitoneal injections of binase in RLS40-bearing mice resulted in the retardation of primary tumour growth by up to 60% and inhibition of metastasis in the liver by up to 86%, with a decrease in reactive inflammatory infiltration and mitosis in tumour tissue. In the blood serum of binase-treated mice, decreases in the levels of most studied miRNAs were observed, excluding let-7g, while in tumour tissue, the levels of oncomirs miR-21, miR-10b, miR-31 and miR-155, and the oncosuppressor let-7g, were upregulated. Analysis of binase-susceptible miRNAs and their regulatory networks showed that the main modulated events were transcription and translation control, the cell cycle, cell proliferation, adhesion and invasion, apoptosis and autophagy, as well as some other tumour-related cascades, with an impact on the observed antitumour effects.


Taken the complex processing design of transmission box-parts into consideration,this paper proposes a design method based on cases of feature process to generate processing chain quickly when feature modeling is performed,thus achieving the integration of CAD and CAPP.


The amendments and supplements of the Criminal Code of 2019 introduced into Serbian criminal legislation a life imprisonment as the most severe sentence in the criminal sanctions system. These novelties confirm the continuity of a multi-year process of (inconsistent) changes in criminal legislation that tightens the legislature's criminal policy, broadens the limits of criminal repression, supplements the purpose of punishment, narrows the possibility of mitigating the punishment, in other words, continues to expand the retributive concept of punishing. The introduction of the life imprisonment required the amendments of several other provisions of the Criminal Code, including those relating to the purpose of punishment, impossibility of conditional release of persons sentenced to this life imprisonment, as well as the duration limit on conditional release. In most states where it forms part of the sentence system the possibility of (early, or) conditional release of prisoners is provided. It is indisputable that there are also rare exceptions to this rule. However, the paradigm of human rights protection, in particular the protection of the rights of persons deprived of their liberty, as well as the mechanisms for their protection (e.g. the jurisprudence of the ECHR), indicate that the possibility of conditional release of persons sentenced to life imprisonment in national legislations already represents an "established standard". From a penological point of view, the implementation of treatment and treating of the prisoners sentenced to life imprisonment and the idea of their resocialization and social reintegration, is directly correlated with the possibility of their conditional release. Therefore, prescribing the possibility of conditional release of prisoners sentenced to life imprisonment, as visible to them "a path to release", is a necessary prerequisite for the execution of the sentence.


It is not money alone that causes young doctors to leave the country for the U.S.A. or Canada. It is the better, fuller medical life they find there, with hospital attachments and all the facilities they need to practise good medicine. And this view is supported by the fact that a practice vacancy in the U.K. if associated with a general-practitioner hospital will not fail to attract many applicants of high standard. Probably the growth of vocational training envisaged in the Todd Report'2 would make these points even more relevant.


Hormones and Cancer – The Gynecologic Oncologist's Perspective. Prospective randomised clinical trials as well as case control trials have shown a certain influence of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) on the incidence of breast cancer, ovarian cancer and endometrial cancer. Combined estrogen and progestagen therapy increases the risk for breast cancer depending on the treatment duration. HRT up to two years does not increase the breast cancer risk. An increase in duration of HRT leads to an additional 8–18 breast cancer cases per 10,000 women per year. Estrogen-only HRT does not increase breast cancer risk. HRT after the diagnosis of breast cancer is still contraindicated because of a significant increase in breast cancer relapses. In terms of ovarian cancer and endometrial cancer HRT shows a small increase in risk especially for estrogen-only treatment. Efficacy of HRT with regarding to bone fractures and vasomotoric climacteric symptoms is out of discussion. In accordance with these results HRT is only indicated in women with clinically relevant climacteric symptoms after they have been informed about the risks of this treatment. J Gynakol Endokrinol 2009; 19 (4): 20–3.


This article presents an approach for the adjustment of residual stress in silicon nitride (SiNx) films by constructing a composite multilayer structure. Curvature and Raman measurement results indicate that with the introduction of a 240-nm-thick SiO2 sublayer, the residual stress in a 110-nm-thick SiNx film varies dramatically from high tensile stress (+358 MPa) to low compressive stress (−57 MPa). The adjustment of film stress leads to the improvement of film quality and the increase of refractive index. However, it also leads to the decreases of Young's modulus and film hardness of SiNx. Particularly, the optical band gap of SiNx remains almost unchanged during the process. This work demonstrates the practical feasibility of modifying the physical properties of SiNx with the film stress, and suggests a new physical route to stress engineering of SiNx films for microelectronic and optoelectronic applications.


FIELD: electricity. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to power industry and can be used for creation of new and upgrade of existing electric substations according to the concept of digital substation. The technical result consists in automatic control of voltage of consumers and remote control of switching equipment. The digital transformer substation consists of two equipment units comprising the process control systems providing automated monitoring, protection, control and regulation of voltage of the electric substation equipment, data exchange between network interaction systems in Ethernet. EFFECT: offered invention allows to improve quality of power supply of consumers due to automatic voltage control and the control system. 1 dwg


Abstract Using observed wind and water vapor data from June 2006, water vapor exchange between the Rongbuk Valley and its above atmosphere is estimated for the first time. The water vapor level shows a high value from 23–29 June and a low from 12–21 June, which coincide with the South Asian summer monsoon (SASM) active and break stages, respectively. The water vapor can be strongly injected into the closed region of the Rongbuk Valley from the outside atmosphere, with an average strength of 0.4 g s-1 m-2 in June 2006, given that no evaporation occurred. The air moisture exchange processes can be greatly affected by the SASM evolution through changes in local radiation forcing.


Introduction Principal events in Stirner's life Further reading Note on the translation The Ego and its own Bibliographical and other notes on the text Index of subjects Index of proper names.


Dr. Jewell, Colleagues and Guests, It is indeed an honor and a privilege to present this eighth annual Linda Crane Lecture. I am fully aware that there are many more who deserve this opportunity. I wish to thank Colleen Kigin and Cyndi Zadai for nominating me, and the selection committee for giving me this opportunity. My special thanks to Janet Bezner, Meryl Cohen, Carol Davis, and Priscilla RaaschMason for their valuable ideas for this presentation. I will introduce Linda Crane during the body of this lecture.


This paper revisits a more than twenty-five-year old idea of G. F. Jenks and W. R. Tobler about the relationship between accuracy, information and map complexity of choropleth maps. The problem of regionalization (sensu aggregation) is treated within a spatial statistical context. For a map with N regions to be aggregated into G groups, nonspatial hierarchical classification schemes disregard spatial pattern and are prone to lead to non-contiguous classes (i.e., each group may consist of a large number of patches). Restricting merges during clustering according to neighborhood-topological relationships rewards contiguous patches of classes, but may impose too strict, potentially misleading, constraints. To obtain more efficient, less complex aggregate representations (e.g., maps) we propose to evaluate efficiency by a modified version of Akaike's information criterion: AIC = (-2 x loglikelihood + 2 x number of patches). It follows from the general principle of model selection, by minimizing the sum of fitting error and some measure of model complexity, Socioeconomic, environmental and simulated data are used to highlight the characteristics of this approach, which appears particularly useful when no additional information is available to select the number of groups.


Despite the ubiquitous use of pedagogy textbooks within teacher education programs, research examining the relationships between pre-service teachers and their pedagogy textbooks is scarce. This study draws on Rosenblatt's (1982) transactional theory of reading to explore how pre-service teachers and first-year teachers transact with mathematics pedagogy textbooks. We interviewed sixteen participants – seven pre-service teachers and nine first-year teachers – about their transactions with mathematics pedagogy textbooks, how instructors encouraged participants' transactions with these textbooks, and the messages participants received from the textbooks. Results suggest that supporting pre-service teachers with textbook use is crucial for them to make connections between textbooks and the broader educational landscape. The results also uncovered tensions between participants' perceptions of textbook information and their own classroom experiences. We suggest future research to explore approaches that foster transactions to help pre-service teachers negotiate and question textbooks in stronger ways


Patients being placed on ECMO have sustained a prolonged period of severe hypoxia. The effect of this pre-ECMO event on mesenteric blood flow has not been studied, thus making the question of enteral feedings while on ECMO controversial. The following study was undertaken to address these concerns. Newborn lambs, 1-7 days of age (n=4) were used for the study. After intubation and ventilation catheters were placed in the left ventricle (microsphere injection), right femoral artery (arterial blood gas sampling & microsphere withdrawal), femoral vein (IV fluid administration), and mesenteric vein (venous blood gas sampling). Blood flow was determined using the radiolabled microsphere (RLM) technique. In 3 animals, Doppler flow of the superior mesenteric artery was measured & resistive indices (RI) were calculated to determine the correlation between RI & RLM blood flow. Mesenteric oxygen delivery, consumption, and extraction were calculated. Studies were obtained at the following intervals: Baseline (1 hr stabilization); 1 hr of hypoxia (SaO2 ≤0.40); 30 & 60 minutes after recovery with ECMO to a normoxic state; 30 & 60 minutes after removal from ECMO to a normoxic ventilation state. Results: A significant negative correlation was noted between RI & RLM blood flow(p JI>LT. Mesenteric oxygen consumption was maintained constant throughout the study period. Of significance, was the marked increase in oxygen delivery after 30 & 60 minutes of ECMO, average 155% and 102% respectively, associated with a marked reduction in oxygen extraction at both 30 & 60 minutes of ECMO, -73% & -55%, respectively. This pattern persisted after removal from ECMO, with O.D., 90% above baseline & extraction, 35% below baseline at 60 minutes post ECMO. These findings indicate that a marked reperfusion phenomenon occurs in the gut during the recovery phase from hypoxia while on ECMO. It could be speculated that enteral feeding on ECMO should be delayed for a period of time. The duration of this reperfusion phenomenon in the gut is yet to be determined.


Polarized ${\ensuremath{\mu}}^{+}$ were stopped in Ni and Fe. The magnetic fields at the site of the muons, the initial polarization, and the depolarization time constant were obtained from 300 to 700\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}K, i.e., through the Curie temperature of Ni. This experiment demonstrated that precession of muons stopped in ferromagnetic material can be observed and, and it determined what the magnitude of the internal fields are: $\ensuremath{\approx}150$ G for Ni and 4000 G for Fe.


This work explored the dynamics of trait emotional intelligence (EI) and dispositional flow in a sample of ballet dancers since research on these topics is scarce in the artistic domain. This study analyses whether EI correlates and predicts flow experiences and whether dancers' experience influences their levels of EI and flow. One hundred and fifty-two Portuguese ballet dancers, mostly females (90.7%), aged 15–18 years-old (69.7%), and students (87.4%), answered the Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire – Short Form (TEIQue SF), Dispositional Flow Scale (DFS2), a dance practice questionnaire and a sociodemographic questionnaire. The results confirmed the positive correlation between trait EI and flow ( r = .43) and the predictive effect of dancers' trait EI on their flow experiences ( ß = .43). Moreover, differences on dancer's trait EI and flow were found according to their experience. This study corroborates previous associations and reinforces research in the artistic domain as a privileged context of optimal human achievement.


Sonography provided important data in understanding the anatomic development and physiology of the fetus since its early stages [1]. An efficient First Trimester (FT) morphologic scan would offer the possibility to terminate earlier the pregnancy in cases where severe fetal abnormalities are detected, safer, and with less economic and emotional costs. This provides a shift in the timing of fetal diagnosis and mortality, which is very important, because major fetal anomalies account for a quarter of the neonatal deaths and associate long-term disabilities with considerable societal cost if the parents elect the termination of pregnancy with severe anomalies detected [2,3].


Li-ion battery is widely applied in transportation and energy storage systems, due to their advantages of long lifespan, high-energy and high-power density. However, fast and healthy charging is critical when the Li-ion battery is applied in transportation due to the user experience and economics. Research has shown that pulse charging is an effective method for achieving both healthy and fast charging. However, existing research lacks the theoretically analysis on the pulse charging frequency affection to the pulse charging, which is critical for practical frequency setting for the Li-ion. To address this issue, this paper theoretically analyses the relationship between polarization voltage and pulse charging frequency, which is the core parameter that affect the fast and healthy charging, based on a dual polarization equivalent circuit model. DP model of a practical 35Ah ternary Li-ion battery is built in MATLAB and pulse charging is carried out. The simulation results are good fitted with the analysis on the polarization voltage and pulse frequency in the paper.


An 8‐mo (August 1988 through April 1989) study was performed to evaluate the efficacy of the modified Ayre spatula/Zelsmyr Cytobrush versus the modified Ayre spatula/bulb aspirator in the collection of cells, both normal and abnormal, from the uterine cervix. The majority (78%) of the 192 patients, ranging in age from 18 to 82 yr, were referred to the gynecologic/oncologic clinic for follow‐up of an atypical Papanicolaou smear or of a previously diagnosed and treated cervical, vulvar, or endometrial lesion. Of the 192 patients, 149 were premenopausal (15 of whom were pregnant), 12 were perimenopausal, and 31 were postmenopausal. Patients were randomized into one of two groups based on the collection of samples for their cervical smears: 1) modified Ayre spatula (exocervix) plus Zelsmyr Cytobrush (endocervix; 90 cases) and 2) modified Ayre spatula (exocervix) plus bulb aspirator (endocervix; 102 cases). Of the smears prepared with the spatula/Cytobrush (90 cases), only 2 (2.2%) lacked endocervical cells. Within this group, the smears of 5 of 5 pregnantpatients (100%) and 13 of 13 postmenopausal patients (100%) contained endocervical cells. Cytologic abnormalities were present in 15 of these cases: koilocytosis in 4, cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN)‐I in 5, CIN‐II in 4, and CIN‐III in 2. Five of the 15 cytologically positive cases had histologic verification; the cytologic findings were predictive of the histologic findings in all. Of the smears prepared using the spatula/bulb aspirator (102 cases), 26 (25.5%) lacked endocervical cells. Within this group, the smears of only 4 of 10 pregnant patients (40%) and 14 of 18 postmenopausal patients (78%) contained endocervical cells. Cytologic abnormalities were diagnosed in 23 of these 102 cases: koilocytosis in 6, CIN‐I in 12, CIN‐II in 3, and CIN‐III in 2. Fourteen of the 23 cytologically positive cases had histologic verification; cytologic underestimation of the severity of the lesion occurred in 5 cases (4 in CIN‐III and I in CIN‐II lesions). The results of this study indicate that the modified Ayre spatula/Zelsmyr Cytobrush technique is more effective than the modified Ayre spatula/bulb aspirator technique in obtaining an adequate cervical cell sample containing endocervical cells, particularly in pregnant and postmenopausal patients, and in may aid in predicting the histologic severity of the cervical lesion.


In order to identify the chemical composition of banana skin,we extracted the chemical composition by soaking the banana skin in water or alcohol for 24 hours at normal temperature,and then used the test tube method and the circular filter paper method to test and analyse its chemical compositions.The result showed that the banana skin contained phonetic composition, fat,organic acid, tannin, protein, sugar, etc.For testing its efficacious ingredients, the acetone and ether were used to extract the tannin, phonetic composition and organic acid respectively,and then an preliminary bacteriostasis experiment was carried out by using the pseudomonas aeruginosand subtilis bud spore as the experimental virases(to measure the diameter of bacteriostasis circle).The experiments showed that the organic acid in the banana skin has the function of bacteriostasis.


Aim. Comparative assessment of the psychological profile in patients with liver echinococcosis with small sized cysts while diagnosing and treating the disease. Methods. A shortened version of the Minnesota multidimensional personality questionnaire MMPI (Mini-Mult) and Personal Questionnaire of the Bekhterev Institute (PQBI) were used. 142 patients with liver echinococcosis and cyst size not exceeding 40 mm were tested at the initial diagnosis and one year after the treatment initiation. Results. Test results support the overall suggestion that psychological profile of the patients is not associated with the features of the disease. Spearman's rank correlation coefficient (rS) between indicators of psychological profile and some clinical data (cyst size, location, number of cysts), as well as the age and sex characteristics of the patient was not statistically significant (p >0.1), or revealed only weak correlation (rs Conclusion. The most favorable psychological pattern is formed when choosing active treatment approach. Conservative management and postponed treatment is probably an additional stressful factor for patients.


This article summarized the up-to-date development and application of demulsifiers used in produced fluid from chemical flooding and the characteristics of produced fluid from chemical flooding. Some problems existing in treatment of produced fluid from chemical flooding were proposed


The invention provides a traveling vehicle auxiliary system which comprises four cameras, a DSP chip and a displayer. The four cameras are installed on the front portion, the rear portion, the left portion and the right portion of a vehicle body respectively. The DSP chip is used for conducting distortion correcting processing and panorama splicing on images obtained by the four cameras. The displayer is used for outputting the panorama spliced image. The traveling vehicle auxiliary system can be rapidly installed and assembled on vehicles of any type and safety of the traveling vehicle is completely improved.


In this article, the sol-gel methodology was used for coating an acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) polymer prepared by the rapid prototyping technology with a colloid containing the europium III dipicolinic complex, which presents high emission when excited in the ultraviolet region. Either acid or base was used for treatment of the ABS polymer, with a view to activating its surface. The thermal analysis evidenced a residual mass after 600 °C, which indicated that the coating adhered to the substrate. X-ray diffraction analysis showed that the structure of the ABS polymer was not affected by the sol-gel treatment. The large band centered at 287 nm, ascribed to ligand-metal charge transfer, can be used to excite the europium III dipicolinic complex in the ultraviolet C and ultraviolet B regions. The emission appears in the characteristic red region of the electromagnetic spectrum. These results indicate that the obtained material is a candidate for use as ultraviolet sensor.


A presentation by Walter Gilliam (2007) at the First Annual Leadership Symposium on pre-kindergarten education in the United States outlined the explosion across the 50 states in enrollment and public spending for pre-kindergarten programs (including Head Start). Although the majority of these programs are in public schools, most states rely on a mixed-delivery model that uses both public school and community-based sites. This makes particularly timely Morrissey, Lekies, and Cochran's (this issue) exploration of how this new reality impacts communitybased preschools and child care centers in New York that are not participating in the state's universal pre-kindergarten (UPK) program. The fact that the exploratory study builds from earlier explorations of New York's UPK adds to its merit. Morrissey and colleagues' findings affirm what many have projected: an imbalance in resources available to early care and education programs; a reduction in overall enrollment, especially of 4-year-olds; and increasing difficulty in recruiting qualified teachers. Given their alignment with expectations, these findings provoke little controversy. I am puzzled, though, by the apparent assumptions within EARLY EDUCATION AND DEVELOPMENT, 18(4), 597–600 Copyright © 2007, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.


The article presents the topic of development idea of university in foreign and Russian scientific works which is realized through the functions of this social institution. The authors generalize and classify the main ideas dealing with the university role and place and start with research model by W. von Humboldt. They classify the approaches to education in society: indistinct type, radical type and utilitarian one. The authors depict key tendencies in development of universities and educational environment. The first one is globalization of university education and science that leads to academic mobility growth, content diversity of curricula with their focus on human values, as well as goes beyond the scope of nations and forms a personality of new kind; it also helps to create global web of university and corporation consortium. The second tendency is "economy in education" or practice-orientation which means the replace of "knowledge" by "useful knowledge" that results into commercialization of higher education system, the loss of value of state diploma, etc. The third tendency is digitization of educational and scientific content that is connected not only with the fact that print teaching aids are replaced by electronic educational quests but with the reorganization of the whole educational content, methods and principles of didactics itself. The fourth one is education individualization, which is a kind of logical continuation of the tendencies mentioned above.


The invention provides a method for adjusting the resolution of a screen, which comprises the following steps: providing a hand-held mobile electronic device which comprises a touch-control pen sensor, a touch-control panel and an LCM display screen; judging whether the touch-control panel receives a touch-control signal or not; when the touch-control panel receives the touch-control signal, using the touch-control pen sensor to sense the state of a touch-control pen on the hand-held mobile electronic device; adjusting the resolution of the LCM display screen according to the state of the touch-control pen; and meanwhile, adjusting the resolution of the touch-control panel to be identical with that of the LCM display screen. The invention also provides a system for adjusting the resolution of the screen. The method and the system for adjusting the resolution of the screen can be used for adjusting the resolution of the LCM display screen and the touch-control panel and are convenient for users.


Aromatic organic compounds contain thiadiazole ring azo possess good organic non-linear optical(NLO)properties.Six thiadiazole derivatives were optimized and calculated using B3LYP density functional theory and 6-311++G(d,p)basis set.Time-dependent Density Functional Theory(TDDFT)was used to calculate its absorption spectrum and Finite Field method(FF)method and coded programs were used to calculate its third-order nonlinear optical properties.The calculated results show that the absorption spectrums of the six molecules are between 361-383nm,which is adjacent to ultraviolet region.Thiadiazole ring and hydroxy benzene which make up the thiadiazole molecule are not coplanar.Introducing-CH3or Cl to the ortho-position,meta-position and para-position of hydroxy benzene could cause the decrease of their corresponding coplanar degree and the third-order NLO coefficientγ.The third-order nonlinear optical efficientγis larger when introducing-CH3to hydroxy benzene than introducing C1.Thus,introducing strong electron-donating group to the ortho-position of hydroxy benzene can make thiadiazole derivatives a good third-order nonlinear optical material.


ABSTRACT This paper establishes a measurement framework for the resilience of large airports, beginning with transportation resilience characteristics and determining how vulnerability and emergency capability affect resilience. This framework is then applied to quantitatively measure the resilience of Beijing Capital International Airport (PEK); set pair analysis is used to identify the main factors involved and determine the influencing mechanisms. This characterization enables a determination of how PEK's vulnerability, emergency response capability and resilience have changed over time. The results show that PEK's resilience has improved as a result of the interaction between vulnerability and emergency response capability. Vulnerability and resilience are mostly functions of the landside sector, and the total emergency response capability also plays a decisive role in determining the resilience. This evaluation system shows that the mechanism, nature and rates of the factors that affect airport resilience differ across various stages.


Monte Carlo simulations of a simple cubic lattice model of star-branched polymers were made. The solvent conditions (temperature) were varied in a wide range and the total chain length was up to 800 beads. The analysis of a shape of branched macromolecules was performed by means of the gyration tensor principal moments and asphericity factor. The changes of shape parameters during the transition from a random coil to a collapsed globule have been determined. In high temperatures, the instantaneous shape of the branched chain is more symmetric than that for linear chains. The shape of one star arm is very similar to that of the entire polymer. In lower temperatures, the collapsed model chain forms an isotropic globule. The shape of inner and outer parts of the star polymers is discussed.


A dielectric-loaded quad-ridged horn antenna (DQRHA) that operates at 14-38GHz frequency band with dual-polarized character is analysed and simulated for ultra-wideband applications. The dielectric loading method using a perpendicular circular dielectric above the aperture can increase the gain of the quad-ridged horn antenna by 1-1.5dB from 17GHz to 38GHz. Simulated results of VSWR and gain prove that the DQRHA can achieve high gain from 14GHz to 38GHz with VSWR<;2 for the two ports.


There are only a handful of drugs approved by the Food & Drug Administration to help people with alcohol abuse disorders control how much they drink. The drugs have limited effectiveness, and one, disulfiram, works by making people ill when they consume alcohol. This has led some neuroscientists to look for better therapeutics. Researchers at the University of Illinois, Chicago (UIC), report they may have found a new target for alcohol abuse—an enzyme previously linked to cancer. They demonstrated that a recently approved drug that inhibits the enzyme reduces binge drinking in experiments with mice (Addict. Biol. 2016, DOI: 10.1111/adb.12358). The target is anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK). UIC professor Amy W. Lasek and others previously found that variations in the ALK gene have been associated with alcohol dependence and heavy drinking in people. But most scientists have studied ALK because changes to its gene can cause cancer. FDA has approved


Dear Editors,
The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted several and wellknown limits of the Italian national health system, including the weakness of the territorial medical services and the absence of dedicated structures for patients affected by chronic or end-stage diseases in need of long hospitalization, or with social difficulties. [...]


The supraclavicular lymph node (SCN) is frequently involved in lymphoma and metastatic malignancies of the breast and lung, but is extremely rarely involved in pancreatic cancer. Only 10 such cases have been reported in the medical literature worldwide. We herein report an additional two cases. An 83-year-old male patient had a 7.6 × 5 cm pancreatic tumor from the pancreatic head to tail, and a 71-year-old male patient had a 2.8 × 1.9 cm pancreatic body tumor. PET-CT revealed SCN metastasis, and subsequent excisional biopsy confirmed metastatic adenocarcinoma. With the more popular use of PET-CT in patients with pancreatic cancer, the number of cases of metastasis to the SCN is expected to increase. This suggests that lymphatic spread is the main metastatic route in pancreatic cancer. Further large-scale studies along with increased numbers of case reports are needed to determine whether lymphatic spread is the main metastatic route in pancreatic cancer. (Korean J Med 2013;85:77-82)


Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) affects >174 million people and is now the third leading cause of death worldwide [1]. In 2011, in the European Union alone, the costs of COPD (including both direct and indirect costs, and lost productivity due to increased disability-adjusted life-years) exceed €141 billion [2, 3]. Antidepressants are associated with elevated risk of hospitalisation and mortality. This underscores that the importance of having a collaborative care and patient-centred approach to manage depression in patients with COPD is worthy of consideration. http://ow.ly/BNkT30kGMqq


Abstract —In this paper we investigate single electron tun-neling (SET) devices from the logic design perspective, usingthe SET tunnel junction's ability to control the transport ofindividual electrons. More specifically, we focus on the im-plementationofa familyofBooleanSingleElectronEncodedLogic (SEEL) gates, in which the logic values 0 and 1 are en-coded as a net charge of 0 or 1 electron charges. We firstpresent a general scheme for implementing SEEL thresholdgates. Second, we present a static buffer that reduces thefeedback effect encountered in networks of SEEL gates. Wethen propose a family of buffered logic gates of which eachgate consists of a threshold gate derived logic gate combinedwith a static buffer. We demonstrate via simulation that thegates of the proposed logic family operate correctly in a net-work. Keywords —single electron technology, SET, logic circuit,buffered gates I. I NTRODUCTION During the last decades the feature size of MOS basedcircuits has dramatically decreased. Since the seventies themicroelectronics industry has followed Moore's law, dou-bling processing power every 18 months [6]. The ever de-creasing feature size, and the corresponding increase in thenumber of transistors per mm


Agricultural financial conditions and farm reorganization options have been analyzed extensively by agricultural economists, but analysis of actual reorganization bankruptcy filings has not been completed. This study contains analysis of 219 Chapter 11 farm filings in South Dakota from 1980-1985 and documents financially related characteristics of these producers and their secured. impaired and unsecured creditors. Discriminant analysis is used to examine the predictive value of initial filing data on eventual court disposition of farm Chapter 11 cases. Major provisions of Federal Bankruptcy Chapter 11 and 12 are compared. South Dakota agricultural lenders' reactions concerning impacts of Chapter 12 on credit management practices, cost and availability of agricultural credit is documented. Acknowledgments We wish to thank Mr. Bill Coughlin, attorney and many other staff members of the Federal Bankruptcy Court of Sioux Falls for their assistance in data collection and interpretation. Thanks to Boyd Ober and Scott Peterson, graduate research assistants; Cindy Swinson. former research associate and Tyler Stowater. former graduate research assistant for data collection and editing. Appreciation is expressed to Alan Schroeder. Ph.D. and J.D., University of Wyoming and Dr. Mark Edelman. Department of Economics, Iowa State University for their project suggestions. Finally. thanks to Dr. Burton Pflueger and Dr. Richard Shane. SDSU Economics Department for their manuscription review and constructive comments. Appreciation is expressed to Mrs. Verna Clark for efficient typing of this report. Funding for this research project is from the South Dakota State University Research Support Fund. Account 314835.


A procedure for the rapid tissue culture propagation of papaya (Carica papaya L.l has been developed as part of a project to ,obtain virus tolerance in this crop. The success of this technique is dependent upon 1) time of year, 2) the nature of the primary explant, and 3) the hormone component of the growth medium. This propagation method should enable one to multiply disease-tolerant varieties useful to the industry of South Florida. The papaya disease caused by distortion ringspot virus has effectively limited the production of this crop in South Florida for several years (1). A breeding program at Homestead under the direction of Prof. R. A. Conover has been in existence since 1975 (2) and efforts have been directed toward introducing tolerance to the virus from plant accessions from many tropical countries. At the same time, attention has been focused on obtaining lligh yielding papaya lines that bear fruit of good quality. In order to preserve these desirable characteristics, and still retain tolerance to distortion ringspot, a reliable method for the clonal propagation of papaya is required. However, papayas have traditionally been propagated by seed, and considerable variability occurs as a result of open pollination. In some parts of the world, multibranched papayas are favored, and excised branches are routinely rooted. The papaya that is grown in Florida is generally non-branching. Even after the decapitation of the plant to induce a branching habit, this papaya does not lend itself to clonal propagation. Nor has grafting been very successful. Tissue culture has been developed as an alternative to conventional propagation methods, and has been successfully adapted to many tropical plants. Therefore, a tissue culture unit was established at Homestead during the summer of 1976 in order to formulate in vitro systems for the preservation of breeding lines and for the rapid clonal propagation of papaya plants. There have been 2 attempts to define a tissue culture propagation system for papaya. One of these (3) obtained proliferating plants from tissues isolated froln 5-6 cm seedlings on a simple medium with kinetin. However, this formulation has been ineffective for tissues from mature papaya plants whose characteristics are known. The other system (4) was formulated for use with explants from mature papaya tissues, and caused rapid callus induction from petiole segments. Embryo and shoot formation was induced from this callus by a lnore complex medium. This system is not ideal for the plant breeder or propagator because papaya callus is heterogeneous in origin, and the cells l1ave different ploidy levels. Materials and Methods Papaya plants (Carica papaya L.) of any state of developUlent have been used. However, after some trial and error only the apical regions of the plants were retained. The Auxin conc


The Newborn screening program (PN) in Uruguay began in 1990; in 2007 the PN on filter paper was mandatory for phenylketonuria (PKU)
and currently has a near 100% coverage, which ensures the detection, validation, monitoring and treatment of all patients. Many public
institutions are committed to the National Newborn Screening (SNPN) but sample processing is centralized at the PN Laboratory which
belongs to the Management of Social Welfare Bank Laboratories for Social Security Institute in Montevideo (BPS). From 2008 phenylalanine (Phe) quantification is perfomed in tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS). The amount of Phe tolerance is titrated in patients with levels between 150 and 360 uml /L; above 360 uml /L treatment is started by an interdisciplinary health professional team.
Phe-free formula is purchased by the BPS and provided to the patients at no cost, regardless if it is a public or private health system. The
biochemical goal is to maintain Phe levels below 360 umol /L with frequent analysis of plasma Phe with a simultaneous 3 day diet diary.
Phe control is performed weekly for the first six months and then every 15 days until the age of five. From 2007 to 2011, the PN has found:
7 patients with PKU, 5 persistent hyperphenylalaninemias, 3 patients with transient hyperphenylalaninemias, one patient with tetrahydrobiopterin deficiency, 8 patients were diagnosed late but had an improved behavior and attention when they were treated.


The invention discloses a spraying type polyurethane-carbamide damping vibration attenuation noise-reduction protection material consisting of isopyknic components A and R. The isopyknic components Aand R are mixed by high-pressure impaction mixing equipment and then sprayed on a concrete substrate so as to instantly form a damping vibration attenuation noise-reduction protection coating layer with excellent property; the component A is a semi-prepolymer generated from isocyanate and polymer polyalcohol; and the component R is a mixture of end ammonia, polyether polyol, a diamines chain extender and an addition agent. The spraying type polyurethane-carbamide damping vibration attenuation noise-reduction protection material has the advantages of fast curing speed, good viscoelasticity, high intensity, excellent damping vibration attenuation noise-reduction property, and the like and can efficiently construct under a complex and severe environment condition.


Summary Seismic statics problem, in the case of a complex near surface, is seldom resolved on an early stage of sequential processing and is attempted to be compensated for with velocity manipulation, imaging techniques and cosmetic algorithms later in the processing flow. This approach often leads to the wrong representation of geology, erroneous velocity field and distorted interpretation. Accurately resolved statics at appropriate processing stage minimizes velocity errors, reduces overall processing cycle time and results in a more realistic seismic image, which translates into a more reliable and unambiguous interpretation. We have developed a continuous statics/velocity analysis based on the interactive statics technology, which allows for fast and reliable static time shifts and velocity decoupling.


Across the AEC industry, the non-technical skills possessed by organisations are key to their overall performance. In this study, the particular importance of optimising the so-called "soft power" of organisations, is addressed. Things like organisational culture, responsible corporate behaviour, and building trust-based relationships with other stake-holders are seen as facets of a broader organisational capability, and the advantages of this strength are also explored. The internationally conducted research behind this book will provide readers with new insights into effective management, from both inter and intra organisational perspectives. This unique and important book is essential reading for researchers and advanced students of construction management.


The Texas High Plains are part of the largest, contiguously irrigated cropland in the USA, and draws water from the Ogallala aquifer. High crop prices, increased demand for maize for ethanol production, and severe drought have increased water depletion rates. Research has shown that integrating forages and grazing cattle into the cotton-dominant cropping system can reduce overall water use (Allen et al. 2012) while still offering farmers positive net returns (Johnson et al. 2013). Integrating forages with row crops also reduces needs for nitrogen (N) fertilizer, rebuilds soil organic matter (Acosta-Martinez et al. 2010), and reduces fossil energy use and associated carbon emissions (Zilverberg et al. 2012). Advances in irrigation delivery that minimize evaporation losses and the use of irrigation scheduling tools that factor in soil water availability and crop needs for evapotranspiration (ET) are keys to improving whole-system water use efficiency.


Internet of Things (IoT) fog nodes are distributed near end-user devices to mitigate the impacts of low delay, position awareness, and spatial spread, which aren't permitted by numerous IoT apps. Fog computing (FC) also speeds up reaction times by decreasing the quantity of data sent to the cloud. Despite these advantages, FC still has a lot of work to do to fulfill security and privacy standards. The constraints of the FC resources are the cause of these difficulties. In reality, FC could raise fresh concerns about privacy and security. Although the Fog security and privacy problems have been covered in several articles recently, most of these studies just touched the surface of these difficulties. This paper provides a unique solution for the authentication of data by using hyperledger fabric. The fog layer store data transferred by the IoT layer and calculate the hash value. These hash values are now stored in hyperledger fabric for authentication purposes. The proposed model results compared with lewako's and Fan's scheme and found that the proposed model has 25.00 % less encryption time, 09.3 % less decryption time, 17.48 % less storage overhead, and 23.38 % less computation cost as compared to Fan's scheme.


With a genetic algorithm, the structure of adatom clusters is optimized and studied systematically on different metal fcc (111) surfaces modeled by the embedded atom method. It is found that the various lowest-energy structures on the different surfaces can be explained in terms of the relative interaction range and the adatom-substrate interaction. The longer the relative interaction range becomes, the sharper or more extended the shape of the lowest-energy structure tends to be, in which the number of next-nearest-neighbor bonds decreases. When the compensation effect from the adatom-substrate interaction becomes strong, the configuration with the smaller number of nearest-neighbor bonds could be the lowest-energy structure; it also induces the shape of the lowest-energy structure as being sharp or extended. In this case, another interesting phenomenon is that the plane of the cluster is obviously bent.


One-dimensional consolidation tests of undisturbed samples of soft soil in the Yangcheng Lake.District of the High-speed Beijing-Shanghai Railway were conducted to study the nonliner creep behaviour of soft soil in that district.The influence of preconsolidation pressures,stress levels,stress ratios,loading time and overload pre-pressures on Secondary Consolidation Coefficient Ca was studied and the ratios of Ca/Cc of soft soil in that district were found.The results show as follows:Creep deformation diminishes with increasing of loading ratios at the same stress level,therefore,increasing loading ratios can reduce secondary consolidation coefficients;after preloading theatment,Ca is closely connected with Pre-pressure p and Pre-press time,surcharge preloading can decrease the value of Ca and thereby surcharge preloading is propitious for reduction of settlement after construction;loading intervals have great effect on Ca,the longer the loading interval,the smaller the Ca and the more difficult to distinguish between primary consolidation and secondary consolidation;Ca has no significant correlation with preconsolidated pressures,Ca and Consolidation Pressure p can be fitted with the hyperbolic curve;a good linear relationship is shown between Ca and Compression Index Cc,and Ca/Cc ranges from 0.018 to 0.035.


AbstractIn a 600 tpd capacity ammonia plant, the stainless steel tubes of the waste heat boiler of the ammonia synthesis converter falled after 6644 h of operation. Investigation revealed that the boiler tubes made of AISI 321 and 310S stainless steel had suffered stress corrosion cracking due to the conjoint action of stress and a corrosive environment, namely, alkalinity and chloride. The causative factor for the failure was the non-operation of the boiler feed water pump which led to the build up of a high concentration of the corrosive ingredients in the system. The inner tubes had failed first, upsetting the circulation of water in the dead end regions of the outer tubes, leading to accelerated evaporation and subsequent deposition. This led to the stress corrosion cracking of the outer tubes. The inner tube portions embedded within the deposit subsequently suffered general and intergranular attack.


In this paper, the influence of the geometrical angles of face milling cutter on the milling cutting force is analysised, and the modle of cutting force has been modified.A face milling cutting force modle suitting for computer simulation has been built.The simulation result and the test force have been compared.


Abstract Barium titanate (BaTiO3) is a lead-free ferroelectric crystal used in electro-mechanical transducers and electro-optic films. Nanomechanical devices based on thin films of BaTiO3 are still unavailable, as the internal stress of thin ferroelectric films results in brittle fracture. Here, we use the electro-mechanical force to fabricate deformable assemblies (nanobeams) of BaTiO3 nanocrystals, on top of plasmonic metasurfaces. The mechanical deformation of the nanobeams is driven by the piezoelectric response of the BaTiO3 nanocrystals. The plasmonic-ferroelectric nanostructures due to the plasmonic enhancement enable subwavelength interaction lengths and support reflection modulation up to 2.936 ± 0.008%. Their frequency response is tested across 50 kHz up to 2 MHz and is dependent on the mechanical oscillations of the deformable BaTiO3 nanobeams. The ferroelectric nanobeams support mechanical nonlinearities, which offer additional control over the electro-mechanical to optical conversion.


structural architecture observed in the primary site'. This observation was confirmed latterly by MartinezMadrigal et al. As previously reported, the recognition of this biphasic pattern – squamous on surface and glandular in depth – makes feasible the diagnosis of adenosquamous carcinoma and helps the pathologist to distinguish adenosquamous carcinoma from other neoplasms, i.e. mucoepidermoid carcinomas. However, this arrangement is rarely recognized in endoscopic biopsies owing to the difficulties in obtaining deep tissue samples with this procedure. For this reason, a diagnosis of squamous cell carcinoma in this context is quite common and reasonable. On the other hand, more than 60% of adenosquamous carcinomas develop loco-regional lymph node metastases as a feature of its biological aggressiveness. Nowadays, when lymph node biopsies searching for malignancy are so common in the pathologist's routine practice, the recognition of this peculiar tumour arrangement may be of help in establishing the diagnosis and prognosis of patients. C Ereño J I López F J Bilbao


Abstract In the present paper we study certain subclasses S λ,μ,η(a, c, α, β) and C λ,μ,η(a, c, α, β) of analytic p-valent functions with negative coefficients in the unit disk. The results presented include coefficient estimates and distortion properties for functions belonging to these subclasses. Further results giving extreme points, modified Hadamard product, inclusion properties, and the radii of close-to-convexity, starlikeness and convexity for functions belonging to the above subclasses are also discussed.


An estimation method is presented in this paper,which is used to estimate the avionic sensor system. To our estimation method,the part output of avionic sensor system is obtained from more than two data sources. The method gives a statistic models to estimate this multi-source data. In the full paper,we explain the estimation method in much detail,here we give only a briefing. In section 1,some theorems are explained. In section 2,the statistic models and logic are discussed in detail. In section 3,the simulation results are presented. These results show that our estimation method is feasible and effective.


Surface-enhanced resonance Raman spectroscopy (SERRS) was employed to study the potential-dependent processes of the electron transferring heme protein cytochrome c552 (Cyt-c522) from Thermus thermophilus. Cyt-c552 was adsorbed on Ag electrodes coated with functionalized self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) of alkanethiols, regarded as a model of its redox partner ba3-oxidase. By a quantitative analysis of the SERR spectra recorded at different potentials, the redox potential of Cyt-c552 and the number of transferred electrons were determined. On pure hydrophobic alkanethiols, the Cyt-c552 heme structure is greatly modified in a non-electroactive way with the appearance of a 5cHS species. When Cyt-c552 is adsorbed on mixed surfaces of hydroxyl- and methyl-terminated alkanethiols, the electron transfer is effective (n = 1) and the structure of the heme is not modified, as is assumed when Cyt-c552 interacts with its natural redox partner ba3-oxidase. When the chain length of the mixed SAMs is increased, the defects on the surface are decreased and the electron transfer becomes less efficient. The presence of defects in the organization of the short chain of five carbons seems to be relevant for having a good surface model of the redox partner. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.