Individuals with ADHD are at a higher risk for internalizing disorders such as anxiety (APA, 2013). Some internalizing symptoms are associated with problems in shift (Ajilchi & Nejati, 2017). Individuals with ADHD also often have poor shift (Martel et al., 2007; Shuai et al., 2011). Hence, this project hypothesized shift to be a statistical mediator in the relationship between ADHD status and internalizing symptoms.

 Participants included 257 children from a pre-existing, grant-funded database (R03HD048752, R15HD065627), which is from a community sample. The mean age of participants is 9.54 years, with this sample being 53.7% male and 87.9% Caucasian. Participants included children with ADHD (n = 89), Reading Disorder (RD; n = 47), comorbid RD/ADHD (n = 47), and controls (n = 74). Parents completed several questionnaires on their child, including the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function (BRIEF) and the Behavior Assessment System for Children-Second Edition (BASC-2). The BRIEF Shift and BASC-2 Internalizing Problems subscales were used for this project.

 Mediation analysis was run in PROCESS using ADHD status as the predictor variable, BRIEF Shift as the statistical mediator, and BASC Internalizing Problems as the outcome variable. ADHD status was no longer significant when including Shift in the model (from p = .01 to p = .59). Bootstrap estimation with 5,000 samples indicated a significant indirect effect, as the 95% confidence interval did not contain zero [2.66, 6.61].

 Problems with shift may be a mediator contributing to the higher risk for internalizing problems in children with ADHD. However, this needs to be verified in a longitudinal study.


One kind of steel cord (20) comprising a twisted manner with no steel cord (20) arranged parallel to the longitudinal axis of the plurality of wires (22, 24). The steel cord (20) further comprises surrounding the steel cord (20) coated twisted wires (26). Said plurality of wires (22, 24) of each of the flat wire having a flat surface. In the steel cord (20) around the center wire (24) having a width greater than the steel cord away (20) of the central wire (22), so that the steel cord (20) close to the elliptical cross-section, and which surrounds the ellipse shaped bending stiffness is greater than the minor axis around the long axis of the bending stiffness. In the tire, a steel cord as a reinforcing member, the long axis arranged perpendicular to the radial direction of the tire.


Over nearly 20 years, Brazil has shown constant efforts to develop the Internet not just on a national scale, but in Latin America as a whole. It became one of the most important promoters and financial supporters of the Latin American and Caribbean Internet Addresses Registry (LACNIC) and also hosted the UN Internet Governance Forum in Rio de Janeiro in 2007. Today it has the biggest IT market of the continent and still a lot of challenges to accomplish. This article presents a historical introduction about the development of the Internet in Brazil and also focuses on current tasks to participate in the global Internet Governance process and to further digital inclusion.


Based on the information construction of the power enterprises,this article creatively proposes an idea integrating the surveillance,coordination,control and presentation of the operating data,and an information system further is developed.The aim is to improve the current information system which is sometimes in uncontrollable status so as to serve the power companies' business needs such as safety,efficiency,accuracy,complexity and complication.


The review contains a brief analysis of the 60-year history of the discovery, study and medical application of interferons, a new group of remarkable proteins that have found wide medical application in the therapy of virological, oncological, neurological, ophthalmic and other pathologies. Modern data on the classification of interferons and the mechanisms of their action are given. Particular attention is paid to the clinical use of medications of interferon and its inducers.


While popular bulk surfactants are unlikely to disappear altogether, there are many interesting developments in the use of alcohol derivatives, sugar based products and enzymes for use in laundry detergents


Cell lineage and acquisition of cell type specific properties in the spinal oord, and subsequent differentiation of neurons are processes critical to the development of the embryo, but are still not well understood. Using a combination of cell culture techniques, molecular biology, electrophysiology, and calcium imaging, we have identified and characterized cell lineage in the spinal cord by elucidating the developmental potential, gene expression profiles, growth factor, and other culture condition requirements of a central nervous system (CNS) stem cell and its neuronal progeny. In this dissertation, I present evidence that the neuroepithelial (NEP) cell is a multipotent CNS stem cell which will self-renew in the presence of fibroblast growth factor (FGF), and has the potential to generate all major phenotypes of the mature CNS. This NEP cell FGF requirement is due to the expression of critical FGF receptors and the lack of expression of other growth factor receptors, providing a molecular basis for its FGF dependence. The NEP cell generates CNS derivatives via the generation of intermediate lineage restricted precursors that differ from each other and from NEP cells. Neuronal restricted precursors (NRPs) were identified and characterized. Differentiation is influenced by extrinsic environmental signals that are stage and cell type specific. These results represent an important step toward the understanding of the differentiation process in particular and spinal cord development in general, and will ultimately aid in endeavors for gene discovery, drug screening, and therapeutic applications.


4 p. transcript of an interview with Francis Gambler, conducted by Ernest Crane on an unknown date, probably between 1972-1976. Tape number IH.273, transcript disc 33.


The following aproximation concerning the writer Francisco Coloane attemts to insert him within the Antarctic vulgate as a representative of Chilean literature whose creative work has referenced the frozen continent.


In Plato'sApology of Socrateswe see a philosopher in collision with his society–a society henonetheless claims to have benefited through his philosophic activity. It has often been askedwhy democra ...


FOR many years it was thought that the middle ear mucosa represented a mucous membrane which was inferior in type to normal respiratory tract mucosa. The epithelium in the tympanum proper was considered to be flat cuboidal, consisting of one to three layers of non-ciliated cells. Sade's (1966) studies on serial sections of temporal bones, from individuals representing an age range from 6 months to 95 years, showed that in a normal ear ciliated cell tracks extended from the Eustachian tube orifice backwards, covering roughly one-third of the lining. Such tracks were most frequent in the hypotympanic area. Friedmann's (1963) experimental work provided clear evidence of the stimulating effect of infection upon the mucosa. The secretory elements were shown to increase within a fortnight and both secretory mucosal cells and intraand submucosal glands were observed as far up as the mastoid air-cell system.


The effects of electron and proton irradiation on p+–n InGaP solar cells grown on GaAs substrates are investigated using cathodoluminescence (CL) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The CL measurements confirm the higher radiation resistance and defect annealing properties of InGaP compared to those of GaAs. The CL measurements also indicate the occurrence of a radiation-induced sublattice order–disorder transition in InGaP. TEM reveals the presence of ordering domains in the as-grown cells, which are effectively removed by radiation-induced defects. The results should be useful in the fabrication of radiation-resistant single-junction and dual-junction InGaP solar cells for space.


In this extended abstract we describe our work on determining relative skill from video [3]. We formulate the problem as pairwise and overall ranking of video collections, and propose a supervised deep ranking model to learn discriminative features between pairs of videos exhibiting different amounts of skill. We test our method on both stationary and egocentric recordings, but note that the egocentric allows for better performance, due to the camera position's closeness to the action as well as information in the head motion. We evaluate on a variety of tasks ranging from drawing to kitchen activities that result in increased ranking accuracy from 73.1% to 78.7% for egocentric viewpoints.


Finite-element analysis, in conjunction with a spectroscopic mechanical method, has been applied in a study of stress distribution in fiber reinforced model composites. In this study, special emphasis was devoted to an understanding of variation of stress distribution with changing fiber/matrix interfacial properties. Experimental studies were focused on the effects of coating properties of an anisotropic polydiacetylene fiber in an epoxy matrix. Stress transfer efficiency and stress distribution curves were shown to be clearly dependent on the nature and thickness of the interface, although the effects of a thin coating are limited. Lower stress transfer efficiency, even failure, was observed for thicker coatings. Calculated results, utilizing the finite element method for model composites, agree qualitatively well with experimental data. A detailed description of possible failure modes for the discontinuous fiber composites has been developed from these finite-element calculations.


Rebekah Hammack is an Assistant Professor of K-8 Science Education at Montana State University. Prior to joining the faculty at MSU, she served as an Albert Einstein Distinguished Educator Fellow in the Division of Research on Learning in Formal and Informal Settings at the National Science Foundation. She holds a BS in Animal Science from The Ohio State University, a MS in Animal Science from Oklahoma State University, and a PhD in Science Education from Oklahoma State University. She spent 12 years teaching secondary science and engineering in Oklahoma, and is a 2014 recipient of the Presidential Award for Excellence in Mathematics and Science Teaching.


The optical gain of single and multiple quantum well systems fabricated from InGaAsN/GaAs was investigated. We performed a numerical analysis to find structures which would increase the gain bandwidth for application in semiconductor optical amplifiers and broadband tunable lasers. A 10‐band k · p Hamiltonian was used to calculate TE modal gain spectra. First, we calculated the gain spectra of a single quantum well for varying nitrogen compositions and well widths at fixed carrier density. Next, we calculated the gain spectra for two‐ and three‐quantum‐well systems which used the compositions and sizes of the previously analyzed single wells. The three‐quantum‐well system had an approximate 100% increase of gain bandwidth in comparison with a single quantum well. This increase is due to carefully selected different values of nitrogen compositions in various quantum wells. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)


Significance Quantum experiments push the envelope of our understanding of fundamental concepts in quantum physics. Modern experiments have exhaustively probed the basic notions of quantum theory. Arguably, further breakthroughs require the tackling of complex quantum phenomena and consequently require complex experiments and involved techniques. The designing of such complex experiments is difficult and often clashes with human intuition. We present an autonomous learning model which learns to design such complex experiments, without relying on previous knowledge or often flawed intuition. Our system not only learns how to design desired experiments more efficiently than the best previous approaches, but in the process also discovers nontrivial experimental techniques. Our work demonstrates that learning machines can offer dramatic advances in how experiments are generated. How useful can machine learning be in a quantum laboratory? Here we raise the question of the potential of intelligent machines in the context of scientific research. A major motivation for the present work is the unknown reachability of various entanglement classes in quantum experiments. We investigate this question by using the projective simulation model, a physics-oriented approach to artificial intelligence. In our approach, the projective simulation system is challenged to design complex photonic quantum experiments that produce high-dimensional entangled multiphoton states, which are of high interest in modern quantum experiments. The artificial intelligence system learns to create a variety of entangled states and improves the efficiency of their realization. In the process, the system autonomously (re)discovers experimental techniques which are only now becoming standard in modern quantum optical experiments—a trait which was not explicitly demanded from the system but emerged through the process of learning. Such features highlight the possibility that machines could have a significantly more creative role in future research.


Single-crystalline lead substituted M-type barium hexaferrites doped with different concentrations of Al3+, synthesized by flux technique are investigated at terahertz and infrared frequencies (8-8000 cm−1). The spectra of reflection coefficient (R), transmission coefficient (T), complex dielectric permittivity (ε` and ε``) were obtained using terahertz time-domain, and infrared Fourier transform spectrometers over a broadband frequency range 0.24-240 THz and at temperatures 5 K-300 K. The observed absorption lines are assigned to the electronic transitions within the fine-structured ground state of Fe2+ ions at terahertz frequencies and to optical phonon mode at far-infrared frequencies. To analyze the origin of terahertz excitations in the compounds, we provided a model that accounts for the second-order spin-orbit interactions, the triagonal distortion of the crystal field, and the selection rules of the (C3v) point group symmetry of tetrahedral site-position of Fe2+.


Objectives : The purpose of this paper is to construct and optimize performance of a classification model to aid management of Clinical Decision Support System and to evaluate performance implementation effectiveness and barriers to adoption Methods : We used 8 classification models including RF, SVM, k-nearest neighbor, linear discriminant analysis, logistic regression, boosting and ANN were trained and their performance were compared for predicting patient's prognosis. Variable selection was performed and only clinical variables relevant to outcomes were utilized for predicting the outcome to avoid over fitting the model and to detect the surveillance clinical exam's significance. After that we plan to compare the performance of RF, ANN and SVM to other classification results using ROC curves. Using several packages of Random forest(package for Random Forest), Support vector machine(package e1071) Shrunken centroid(package pamr) LDA9package(sml), KNN(package class), and logistic regression(package stats), Boosting(package boost), ANN(Neural networks package) we can get the results of the classification for clinical support system. Results : We find that several clinical variables and SNP data were selected as important factor for clinical decision of HCC patient prognosis and manage surveillance clinical exams using 8 classification models. For the comparison of models and methods all models were run evaluation step and validation step using 10 fold cross validation and the accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value, ROC curves and area under ROC(AUC) with Mann –Whitney test. Conclusions : Random Forest seems to be overall the best performing model in terms of accuracy and balance of sensitivity and specificity. Using clinical decision support system Physicians can improve their diagnosis and decision making assisted and it could be efficient and cost effective management of medical resources and surveillance clinical exam.


Si ion implantation with subsequent annealing was used to improve the irradiation hardness of SOI wafers. The reduced negative shifts in the threshold voltage of the n-channel transistors showed that the total dose radiation hardness was remarkably enhanced by this modification process, and the pseudo-MOS method was used to test the Id–VG characteristics of the SOI samples before and after irradiation. Photoluminescence (PL) spectra demonstrated that Si nanoclusters were formed during annealing in the buried oxide of the implanted samples, which were possibly the main candidates for charge compensation. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) results also suggested that reduction of the threshold voltage shifts was accompanied with the formation of Si nanoclusters near the peak of the implants. Furthermore, the effect of positive charge buildup can be partly reduced as a result of the improvement on proton trapping in the bulk of the oxide due to the implantation induced nanoclusters.


Drosophila Kc cells contain a series of RNA fragments ranging in size from 980 to 4600 bp. The fragments copurify with a virus-like nucleoprotein particle which has a density of 1.384 g/cm3 and is a 62 nm diameter icosahedron. There are 11-13 double stranded RNAs in the particles; they are not homologous with either cultured cell or embryo genomic DNA. The particle also contains a minimum of seven polypeptides, three of which are major, and all of which continue to be synthesized in Kc cells in heat shock when normal cellular protein synthesis is shut down. This virus-like particle occurs in large enough amounts in Kc cells to confuse molecular and physiological studies, however the cells continue to multiply in its presence.


Abstract The Hunton Limestone was discovered to be productive in the Beebe area in 1921. Since that time it is estimated that 4,300 Hunton wells in 200 fields have produced 277 million barrels of oil. The largest Hunton field is West Edmond, where 736 wells have produced more than 106 million barrels of oil; this is 38 percent of total Hunton production in the state. The depth of Hunton development now ranges from 1,900 feet in Pontotoc County, Oklahoma, to 21,000 feet in southeast Hemphill County, Texas. Production in the Arkoma Basin is from the Sallisaw and Quarry Mountain Formations, named from surface outcrops in northeastern Oklahoma. Subsurface correlations in other producing areas of the state follow the established correlations of the Arbuckle Mountains area, and all of the formations are productive. But, it is not possible to carry into subsurface interpretations the refinements of correlation that have been achieved through paleontological, and other, evidence in the surface outcrop areas. With the migration of exploratory efforts to the depths of the Anadarko Basin, an increasing understanding of the economics of deep gas production is becoming more essential. It is found that increased gas reserves with depth, as a result of increased pressures, are partially nullified by increased temperatures and an increase of the compressibility factor (Z) with depth. Thus, although well costs increase from $125,000 at the 9,000-foot level to an estimated $2,000,000 at 25,000 feet, the amount of gas at the greater depth is only 34 percent more.


Purpose – This study aims to examine the effect of Perceived Usefulness, Perceived Ease of Use, Perceived Security, and Perceived Risk on the millennial generation's attitude toward using Digital Banking. Furthermore, this study examines whether the attitude toward using digital banking influences the behavior in using digital banking
Methodology/approach – This research is conducted through a quantitative approach. The sample of this study is the millennial generation which is proxied by undergraduate students. This research uses a convenience sampling method. The data collection was done by distributing online questionnaires via google form with a total sample of 111 respondents. The data analysis technique used is Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) with SmartPLS 3.0 software.
Findings – It was found that Perceived Usefulness, Perceived Ease of Use, and Perceived Security has a positive significant effect on attitude toward the use of digital banking. Whereas Perceived Risk has a negative significant effect on attitude toward the use of digital banking. Last but not least attitude towards the use of digital banking has a positive significant effect on the use of digital banking.
Novelty/value –  The millennial generation is the generation that determines the current and future economies. Decisions in the use of financial technology among millennials are important to identify the attributes of financial technology that are their choice. This research provides insight into the factors that influence the attitudes and interests of the millennial generation in the use of financial technology that has not been widely studied.


different fields of variable star work. The projeet definitely stimulates international eollaboration, espeeially for what eoneerns events of opportunity (e. g. simultaneous eoverage with other graund-based or spaee observations). There is also a close eollaboration with Dr. J. Maza (Universidad de Chile) regarding information about events such as bright galaetie novae. The aetual graup eonsists of 22 partieipants. We do hope that more people from different countries will join the projeet. ++


This chapter examines the impact social media can have on travelers' behavior, through the integration of decision-making studies and travel planning theories. Influences of social media are analyzed for each step of the travel planning process: before leaving (pre-trip), during the stay (during-trip), and after having come back home (post-trip). The second part of the chapter focuses on travel experience sharing activity. In particular, reasons for sharing, dimensions of co-creation, and main mediators of travel experience are examined. Finally, demographics and various roles of social media users (lurkers, posters, and shoppers) are discussed. 3.1 Consumer Behavior in Tourism Travel services are mostly considered experience products (Cohen 1979; Uriely 2005; Moscardo 2010; Sundbo and Sørensen 2013), mainly intangible (Murray and Schlacter 1990; Gremler et al. 1994) whose quality is difficult to be evaluated prior to consumption (Rosen 2000, 2009; Dye 2000; Zeithaml et al. 2012). These features determine high customers' involvement in buying decision practices and a consequent high-risk perception that usually generates a longer and more complex consumer behavior process (Murray and Schlacter 1990; Laroche et al. 2004). Furthermore, purchases of travel services more and more take place in the online environment where consumers' behavior has specific features (Viglia 2014). In order to analyze how consumers buy tourism services, a brief review of the theories regarding purchasing process are presented. According to the decision-making studies, the traveler buying process consists of five stages: need recognition, information search, evaluation of alternatives, purchase decision, and post-purchase behavior (Kotler et al. 2010; Zeithaml et al. 2012). Another perspective of analysis of the tourists' planning process (travel planning theory) suggests a temporal perspective based on a process generally composed by © Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2015 R. Minazzi, Social Media Marketing in Tourism and Hospitality, DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-05182-6_3 47 three phases: pre-trip, during-trip, and post-trip (Engel et al. 1990); the anticipatory phase, the experiential phase, and the reflective phase (Craig-Smith and French 1994; Jennings 1997, 2006). The first approach (decision-making studies) is supposed to be more related to people deciding for a single purchase (Jun et al. 2007), while the second one (travel planning theory) considers travel planning as more complex in nature as it implies interrelated actions about a combination of many services at the same time to achieve multiple goals (Stewart and Vogt 1999; Dellaert et al. 2014). Hereafter, we will try to integrate the two aforementioned approaches (decision-making studies and travel planning theory) considering the stages need recognition, information search, evaluation of alternatives and booking/purchase as part of the pre-trip phase (anticipatory), the consumption as part of the during-trip stage (experiential), and post-consumption as part of post-trip (reflective) (Table 3.1). Travel planning starts with the recognition of a need that can be generated by internal and external stimuli. Therefore, previous experience guides the customer toward a specific product that he or she knows could satisfy that specific need. Moreover, suggestions of other people, commercials, or other marketing stimuli can influence the customer's identification of which activity could satisfy that need (Kotler et al. 2010). After having recognized their needs, people try to find information about goods and services able to grant satisfaction. Consumers generally employ both personal and nonpersonal sources in order to obtain thorough information (Zeithaml et al. 2012). Personal information comes from word-of-mouth spread by family, friends, neighbors, colleagues, etc., while nonpersonal information is represented by both online and offline commercial sources (corporate website, advertising, salespeople, etc.) and public/third parties sources (official classifications, customers reviews, ratings, rankings, awards, etc.) (Kotler et al. 2010). Table 3.1 The stages of consumers' behavior and the travel planning process Consumer behavior stages Three-phase travel planning process


The national chemical databases server is the result of a cooperation between the CNRS and the Ministry. 12 millions molecules, 2300 users under contract in the academic world. Help, training, help for new databases development, are the tools given to chemists.


The article discusses the prospects for the introduction of digital technologies in civil proceedings in the Republic of Uzbekistan. The article also analyzes the experience of foreign countries in the digitalization of civil proceedings, examines the advantages of digitalization of the judicial process. Today, the courts of general jurisdiction of the Republic of Uzbekistan actively use electronic resources through the E-XSUD information system. The E-XSUD information system is a set of systems providing information on the activities of courts. The digitalization of civil proceedings is designed to make it easier for the participants in the litigation: to save time, to reduce the costs associated with the consideration of cases (postal services, travel, accommodation, etc.). At the same time, the digitalization of civil proceedings will serve as a means of ensuring justice, speeding up the consideration of civil cases and improving the quality of judicial acts. The digitalization of civil justice is one of the measures to prevent threats to public health in a pandemic. This article describes the possibilities of modern digital justice in the Republic of Uzbekistan based on current legislation, as well as current programs and projects, as well as actions that need to be taken in the near future.


As a production system, organic agriculture is linked to less intensive practices. Therefore, its main mission is to produce much more ecological products and services than conventional agriculture. It does not use potentially harmful technologies technological approaches and inputs of intensive agriculture, as are pesticides, synthetic nitrogen fertilizers, GMO crops or veterinary and anthelmintic antibiotics, thus reducing environmental and health risks. Consumption of organic products has been increased in last couple decades in Romania. The main paper goal is to analyse the consumers' attitudes toward the organic products, primarily agri-food products, as well as their buying motives and satisfaction with the existing offer in the national market. Used methodological framework contains an online survey conducted in the first half of 2020. Among achieved results next has been underlined that majority of respondents consume organic products so often. Their first choice is organic vegetable products, followed by organic animal products and in some cases organic cosmetics.


We define a new feature called Teager Energy to Energy and mathematically show that it provides distinguished values for pure tone and white noise signals. We then employ the Teager Energy to Energy feature to propose an efficient procedure for voice activity detection and use simulation results to evaluate its performance in different noisy environments. Furthermore, we experimentally demonstrate the performance of the proposed voice activity detection technique in a real-time voice processing embedded system. Experimental and simulation results show that the introduced procedure provides more reliable results with a reasonable amount of computational complexity in comparison with its conventional counterparts and can extract voice frames from a −5 dB SNR noisy voice signal with a success probability of 89.4%.


An improved quadrilateral Cosserat point element (CPE) has been developed for modeling torsionless axisymmetric problems in nonlinear elasticity. The CPE approach differs from standard finite element methods in that the element is considered to be a structure that is modeled using a strain energy function for homogeneous and inhomogeneous responses. The strain energy function for inhomogeneous deformations is generalized to include dependence on the reference geometry of irregular-shaped elements. The quadrilateral CPE has four nodes with eight degrees of freedom, it needs no integration over the element region or user specified hourglass parameters. A number of examples have been considered which compare the response of the improved CPE with those of all of the four noded hyperelastic elements implemented in the computer codes ABAQUS, ADINA, ANSYS and FEAP. These examples demonstrate that the improved CPE is applicable for thin plates and shells, is as accurate as elements based on enhanced strain and incompatible mode methods and is as robust as the full integration element. Consequently, the CPE is truly a user-friendly element that can be used with confidence for challenging problems in axisymmetric nonlinear elasticity. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


In this paper, we introduce the development and the present situation of klystrons in our country and the simplified analytic method of the main specifications of klystrons in small signals. In this method, without considering the influence of the nonlinearity and the effect of the relativity at the beginning, we take a multi-cavity klystron as the cascade of several two-cavity klystrons and obtain the computational formulae of the important parameters such as the gain, the efficiency, the bandwidth and the output power. Then, we have indicated the practical value and the signification in theory for this method by giving the modified coefficients of some parameters.


Pilchard oil contains approximately 23% saturated fatty acids and over 15% highly unsaturated C24 acids. Unsaturated C16, C18, C20 and C24 acids are also present in considerable amount.


In order to study biochemical and serological properties of supernatant (Sf) and particulated (Rf) fractions of Sal. enteritidis, the author prepared two fractions by ultracentrifugation of ground cell suspension of the growing cell of two organisms. The organisms used throughout this study were selected among several strains of Sal. enteritidis in the light of virulence to mouse and were MURASHIMA's strain, which showed the highest virulence and TAKATA's strain, showed the lowest virulence. The following results were obtained. 1) Nitrogen and carbehydrate contents were very low in Rf compaired to Sf, especially it was markedly low in the case of nitrogen. 2) Rf showed oxidative ability only to succinate and lactata among the substrate related to TCA cycle, but Sf could oxidize many substrates tested in various degree. However, Rf Sf and of TAKATA's strain could oxidize only succinate in high degree. 3) The specific enzyme activity of Rf was not affected by irradiation of ultraviolet ray, but was decreased to 1/3~1/4 by exposure to heat, 56℃ 30 min., or by action of formalin or mersonin. 4) Antigenic capacities differed only little between Rf and Sf in the light of aggulutinin production to rabbit serum. 5) Rf gave less intense cutaneous reaction and was less virulent than Sf in examinations using rabbit, for the cutaneous test, and mouse, for the virulence test.


The operating principle of harmonic exicited synchronous generator was described, the key issues needed to be addressed in the design of harmonic excited synchronous generator and its design features were pointed out. The test results were given, and the application of the generator to 170 t diesel-electric mine dumping truck was discussed.


Prostate disease is very common now men (adult and advanced in years old), all patients of prostate disease are having similar symptoms, it is difficult to diagnose malignant prostate at an early stage because of the noise corrupts medical images of CT scan. In this study bilateral filtering, Image sharpening and contrast stretching are implemented for medical image denoising,edge enhancement and evaluation of medical image quality respectively, to enhance medical images which correlated with early diagnosis of prostate cancer from CT image using multiclass support vector machine (SVM) classification method. Thirteen features extracted from 20 20-pixel block of each slice of CT that the prostate appears in it, which is used later for the training and test SVM approach. xperimental results demonstrate that the SVM approach gives the best performance to the classification between normal and abnormal prostate by 100%, while Multi-SVM is not quite appropriate to identify the prostate cancer where the medical diagnosis using CT scan succeeded by 65% in identifying cancer. rostate size calculated for Iraqi normal adults, by two methods, ellipsoid approach and frustum Approach where the prostate size varies with age, it becomes significantly larger in older men. The prostate gland tends to enlarge, around the age of 40. The two methods gave success in the computation of size using CT image, where they showed a significant match in the results.


As the number of forced migrants entering Britain has risen, increasingly restrictive immigration and asylum policy has been introduced. Simultaneously, successive governments have sought to limit the welfare entitlements of forced migrants. Drawing on two sets of semi-structured qualitative interviews, with migrants and key respondents providing welfare services, this paper considers the adequacy of welfare provisions in relation to the financial and housing needs of four different groups of forced migrants i.e. refugees, asylum seekers, those with humanitarian protection status and failed asylum seekers/'overstayers'. There is strong evidence to suggest that statutory provisions are failing to meet the basic financial and housing needs of many forced migrants.


Griffiths, G. C. D. (Department of Entomology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E3, Canada) 1976. The future of Linnaean nomenclature. Syst. Zool. 25:168-173.Linnaean nomenclature in its present form cannot represent phylogenies unambiguously when fossil species are included. It is possible to avoid this difficulty by discontinuing the classification of taxa into Linnaean categories. The features of the resulting unclassified hierarchy and the way in which newly discovered taxa may be inserted in it are explained. Taxa may be classified in different ways, for instance into age classes or into evolutionary grades. The Linnaean category names, with their essentialist connotations, are inappropriate in either case. The international codes of nomenclature should be concerned primarily with the rules for naming taxa and should not prescribe how classes (categories) should be named and used. The prescription of suffices to indicate categorical rank conflicts with the stated aim of the codes to promote stability of nomenclature, and should be discontinued. While binomial nomenclature will surely be retained, a difference of logical status between the forenames of Quaternary and earlier species will need to be recognized. [Classification; nomenclature; taxonomy.] In my two recent theoretical papers (Griffiths, 1973, 1974) I have explained that the traditional form of the Linnaean hierarchy needs to be modified in order to represent the phylogenetic relationships between species; the present hierarchical schema can adequately represent only the relationships between Recent species, and cannot be extended to fossil species without internal contradiction. But I did not attempt to elaborate in detail the consequences for formal nomenclature. The present paper is intended to initiate debate among phylogenetic systematists about what formal conventions are needed to achieve the aim of representing phylogenies without ambiguity. The source of the problem lies in two incongruences between the conceptual model (an encaptic hierarchy of taxa assigned to a ranked sequence of classes or categories) and the reality which we wish to represent. First, the model is a nontruncated hierarchy, but real phylogenies form truncated hierarchies in which the endpoints (representing the extinction of terminal species) are not all equidistant from the beginning of the phylogeny (representing the origin of the ancestral species). Secondly, the model assumes that species occupy a fixed level in relation to taxa of other ranks, but this cannot be so when taxa are defined as parts of a phylogeny since there are species at all levels in the real course of phylogenies. Since my views on the nature of these problems have been presented in my previous papers (Griffiths, 1973, 1974), I will not repeat my explanation in detail here but suggest that any reader who does not understand the nature of these problems should read those papers before attempting to digest the rest


This paper takes into consideration the work of Quebecois director Xavier Dolan as a symptomatic example of a potentially counter-normative, female-empowered model of nationhood in Quebec's post-revolutionary and post-referendary society. Stemming from a brief contextualization of Quebec's Quiet Revolution (1960s) as a site of heterocentric, nationalist drives, and employing a feminist and queer approach to nationalism to revise such paradigm, the paper aims to relocate Quebec into an alternative framework of nationhood, one that might find in femininity and queer subjectivities the necessary forces for the construction of a pluralist and more inclusive idea of nation. The reinforcement of motherhood and the revision of patriarchal hegemony depicted in the cinema of Xavier Dolan will be considered a benchmark for the revision of Quebec's nationalist and masculinist project in more flexible gendered terms.


Combined with concrete project example,it discusses the reinforcing fundamentals and characteristics of the cement deep-mixing pile,represents the cement deep-mixing pile construction technology,generalizes the quality control methods in the construction process,which will realize the purpose of extending cement deep-mixing pile and create good social and economic merits.


The transverse bracing provisions (diaphragms, cross-braces, crossframes, and so on) of the 1998 AASHTO load and resistance factor design (LRFD) bridge design specifications for the design of deck-type highway bridges are examined. This examination suggests that implementation of these provisions not only will have an adverse effect on the integrity and durability of reinforced concrete deck slabs, and consequently on life-cycle bridge costs; implementation of such provisions also has the potential to affect the desirability of steel bridge construction adversely. Instead of avoiding the use of midspan braces, as implied by LRFD provisions, it is urged that midspan braces be more generally recognized as primary elements of complex superstructure structural systems and thus be sized and spaced to function not only as transverse flange braces but also integrally with concrete deck slabs to distribute vehicular loads laterally. Such a practice not only will yield more efficient higher-quality structural systems capable of functioning effectively for 100 years or more, thus doubling their presently expected lives, but it will also help extend the service lives of the more vulnerable reinforced concrete deck slabs.


Sixty cases of pneumococcal bacteremia at Memorial Hospital between 1955 and 1971 were reviewed. All had serious underlying diseases; 77% were receiving radiotherapy, chemotherapy, or steroid treatment. Patients with leukemia and lymphoma were particularly susceptible. Twenty‐one percent had no evidence of localized infection and presented only with fever. Despite usually appropriate medical management, 53% of all patients died. The infecting serotypes differed markedly from previously reported series from general hospitals.


Several polyneuropathy syndromes have been described with polyclonal serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) or immunoglobulin M (IgM) binding to gangliosides GM2 and GalNAc‐GD1a that contain the terminal trisaccharide moiety GalNAc(β1‐4)Gal(α2‐3)NeuAc. We describe the clinical and electrodiagnostic features in two patients with serum IgM monoclonal anti‐GM2 and anti‐GalNAc‐GD1a antibodies. These patients had slowly progressive, panmodal sensory loss with severe sensory ataxia. Electrodiagnostic testing showed demyelinating features. Prominent improvement in gait ataxia occurred after treatment with human immune globulin but not after other immunomodulating therapies. Enzyme‐linked immunoabsorbent assay and thin‐layer chromatography demonstrate that the patient's serum monoclonal IgM bound to gangliosides GM2 and GalNac‐GD1a but not to gangliosides without the GalNAc(β1‐4)Gal(α2‐3)NeuAc moiety. This neuropathy differs from previously reported neuropathy syndromes associated with polyclonal GM2 and GalNAc‐GD1a antibodies and from other chronic demyelinating polyneuropathies. We conclude that a distinct syndrome of chronic demyelinating neuropathy with sensory ataxia, unresponsive to corticosteroids, is associated with monoclonal IgM binding to gangliosides with a terminal GalNAc(β1‐4)Gal(α2‐3)NeuAc trisaccharide moiety. Diagnosis of this syndrome is important to direct appropriate treatment. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Muscle Nerve 25: 000–000, 2002


In the paper,intrinsic mode of parts clutch were analysised to get their proper frequency.Some parts of the cluch were made the whole flow of the topological optimization,and was carried on to re-design on this foundation providing the reference for the later design.


To realize the detection of underwater equipments' internal environment and prevent the leakage,this paper designed a low power leakage detection and alarm network.This network is based on a new kind of condensation sensors HDP-07,which shows the switching characteristic under a high humidity circumstance.By using the circuit of hysteretic comparator and nand gate,it realized multi-point leakage detection and alarm,also analyzed the theory of how to deign the circuit and the basis of calculations,then proposed how to set the threshold and multi-point sentencing guidelines.The measured parameters and calibration data were also given.The results show that: the maximum threshold error is 2.5% RH,machine power consumption is about 10mW.The program not only has a good performance and detection reliability,but also costs less.


This is a plasma displayer of upgraded color temperature. Coat a mixed color, green color and blue color fluorescent to the corresponding ribs colored in red, green and blue on the backboard. The mixed color increases the color temperature.


. We have calculated the mod-2 cohomology rings of all the groups of 32 elements. This paper describes the methods of calculation; the computer routines used can be adapted to assist in the calculation of the modular cohomology rings of other finite groups. We also describe the results of the calculations; the data we have collected provide a substantial increase in the supply of completed calculations in group cohomology, and so we take this opportunity to compare known results and open conjectures.


Wheat bran dietary fiber as raw material,twin-screw extruder extrusion process was employed to enhance the soluble dietary fiber content in wheat bran dietary fiber.The effect of extrusion temperature,moisture content of materials and screw speed on the content of soluble dietary fiber in the raw material were investigated.The results suggested that: wheat bran moisture content 20%,extrusion temperature 170 ℃ and the host speed 185 r/min,the bran soluble dietary fiber content of raw materials was increased from 3.22% to 10.14%.HPLC detection,scanning electron microscopy and water holding capacity and swelling force experiments showed that pressure treatment can effectively increase the soluble dietary fiber content,and change the surface structure of wheat bran.


Vanadia/titania particles with a specific surface area (SSA) up to 195 m2 g−1 and a V2O5 content up to 40% (w/w) or V coverage up to 59 V nm−2 were prepared by flame spray pyrolysis (FSP) under various conditions. The catalysts were characterized by nitrogen adsorption, X-ray diffraction, temperature-programmed reduction, and in situ Raman spectroscopy and tested for partial oxidation of o-xylene. Depending on vanadia content, monomeric, polymeric, and crystalline vanadia species were formed on TiO2 support particles by FSP. Increasing the hightemperature particle residence time and concentration (production rate) during FSP reduced the SSA and increased the vanadia coverage of TiO2 beyond a theoretical "monolayer" (>8–10 V nm−2) while retaining amorphous (monomeric and polymeric) VOx surface species. Controlling liquid precursor and dispersion gas feed rates, precursor concentration, and V2O5 content allowed the tailoring of SSA and the population of the different VOx species in these vanadia/titania mixed oxides. For comparison, vanadia/titania catalysts containing 10% (w/w) V2O5 with comparable SSA and V coverage were prepared by impregnation, resulting in typical amorphous (<10 V nm−2) and crystalline (>10 V nm−2) VOx species. Catalysts containing 7, 10, and 20% (w/w) V2O5 were deposited directly from the flame on ceramic foams that were tested for the partial oxidation of o-xylene to phthalic anhydride. The global activity of flame-made and conventionally impregnated catalysts depended mainly on SSA and vanadia loading (number of V surface sites), whereas the amorphous or crystalline nature of the VOx species seemed to be less critical. In contrast, selectivity to phthalic anhydride was significantly affected by the nature of the VOx species; amorphous species exhibited higher selectivity for conversion <90% compared with catalysts containing crystalline V2O5. © 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.


Editor,—Subperiosteal orbital haematoma as a complication during endoscopic sinus surgery is not well known to ophthalmologists.

It has the potential to increase intraocular pressure and subsequently cause blindness by optic nerve compression with central retinal artery occlusion.1

We report a case of a 13 year old boy who developed bilateral subperiosteal haematoma after bilateral endoscopic sinus surgery.

### CASE REPORT

A 13 year old boy was referred for evaluation of decreasing visual acuity 3 days after bilateral endoscopic sinus surgery for pansinusitis.

He complained of blurred vision in both eyes, diplopia, and anhidrosis of the left side of his face. There was moderate swelling of the left upper eyelid. His best corrected visual acuity was 20/30 in the right and 20/40 in the left eye. Both pupillary responses showed sluggish reactions. Upward movement of left eye was limited, with inability to supraduct more than 30 degree past the midline because of pain. In the …


Current building materials and practices in the construction industry cause the depletion of natural resources and simultaneously result in large amounts of waste material and green house gas emissions. In recent years, concerns over such economic and environmental problems have initiated research efforts into the development of materials derived from quickly renewable resources, such as biocomposites. Most of the research to date in the field of biocomposites has, however, been directed at applications involving non-structural elements. This is largely attributed to previous research efforts showing that these materials do not possess the properties necessary to make them useful for structural applications. Through the development and characterization of a novel biocomposite system, this project aims to overcome some of the challenges currently in place for biocomposite application. Unidirectional-aligned hemp fiber reinforced cellulose polymer composites were manufactured for this study using selected processing procedures to allow for efficient fiber reinforcement and an increase in overall composite performance. For composites with a fiber volume fraction of 0.51, tensile and flexural strengths of 224 and 133 MPa and elastic tensile and bending moduli of 25 and 22 GPa, respectively, were achieved. The experimental results of this study confirm the potential for biocomposites to be used as secondary structural elements; however, these properties were below the predicted values for the biocomposite system using the rule-of-mixtures and Halpin-Tsai methods. This discrepancy was attributed to high void content and poor adhesion between the fiber and matrix for both of which potential solutions were identified


The results of this experiment suggest that among dimethoate 0.04 per cent, malathion, 0.05 per cent and fenitrothion 0.04 per cent, dimethoate had a slight edge over malathion which in turn proved better than fenitrothion in controlling citrus psylla, mite, aphid and leaf-miner. Among malathion 0.03 per cent 4- DDT 0.1 per cent, endosulfan 0.04 per cent and endrin 0.02 per cent, malathion + DDT proved better than endosulfan which in turn was superior to endrin in controlling the pests viz., leaf-miner, white-fly and mite.


Abstract Social support for relationships is an important predictor of relationship well-being, duration, and mental and physical health. But does the source of the support matter? This article examines whether there is potential moderation by the ingroup versus outgroup status of the person offering the support. Specifically, in a sample of 407 individuals in mixed-sex versus same-sex relationships, we assessed how much social support individuals perceived for their relationship from members of their social network who were queer versus straight. Those in same-sex relationships had significantly more queer members within their social networks than those in mixed-sex relationships (38.6% vs. 8.1%). We found that although those in both types of relationships perceived more support for their relationships from ingroup network members, only those in mixed-sex relationships demonstrated a stronger association between ingroup (straight) support and relationship well-being. Those in same-sex relationships showed relatively weak associations between network members' support for the relationship and their relationship well-being, regardless of source. Results are interpreted in light of the social identity perspective, and we also discuss the potential for attributional ambiguity and discounting of others' opinions about their relationships within the context of same-sex relationships.


In this dissertation we address the conservation of topological states in polymer knots. Topological constraints are frequently included into theoretical descriptions of polymer systems through invariants such as winding numbers and linking numbers of polynomial invariants. In contrast, our approach is based on sequences of manipulations of knots that maintain a given knot's topology; these are known as Reidemeister moves. We begin by discussing basic properties of knots and their representations. In particular, we show how the Reidemeister moves may be viewed as rules for dynamics of crossings in planar projections of knots. Thereafter we consider various combinatoric enumeration procedures for knot configurations that are equivalent under chosen topological constraints. Firstly, we study a reduced system where only the zeroth and first Reidemeister moves are allowed, and present a diagrammatic summation of all contributions to the associated partition function. The partition function is then calculated under basic simplifying assumptions for the Boltzmann weights associated with various configurations. Secondly, we present a combinatoric scheme for enumerating all topologically equivalent configurations of a polymer strand that is wound around a rod and closed. This system has the constraint of a fixed winding number, which may be viewed in terms of manipulations that obey a Reidemeister move of the second kind of the polymer relative to the rod. Again configurations are coupled to relevant statistical weights, and the partition function is approximated. This result is used to calculate various physical quantities for confined geometries. The work in that chapter is based on a recent publication, "Conservation of polymer winding states: a combinatoric approach", C.M. Rohwer, K.K. Muller-Nedebock, and F.-E. Mpiana Mulamba, J. Phys. A: Math. Theor. 47 (2014) 065001. The remainder of the dissertation is concerned with a dynamical description of the Reidemeister moves. We show how the rules for crossing dynamics may be addressed in an operator formalism for stochastic dynamics. Differential equations for densities and correlators for crossings on strands are calculated for some of the Reidemeister moves. These quantities are shown to encode the relevant dynamical constraints. Lastly we sketch some suggestions for the incorporation of themes in this dissertation into an algorithm for the simulated annealing of knots. iii Stellenbosch University http://scholar.sun.ac.za


Gold-bearing alluvium Ural and Ural assessed as a comprehensive mineral resource. Alluvium is a multicomponent minerals, including gravel, sand, and gold. Used mobile field installation SPM (small precious minerals). The installation includes the training and wealth of material on screw machines. Zirconium-titanium-gold concentrates from deposits of sand and gravel evaluated as by-products of complex design. Received concentrates containing conditional ilmenite is higher than in known deposits of Russia. For geological and economic parameters, and prospects for development identified three types: unpromising (gold content of less than 1 mg/m3), long-term (1-10 mg/m3), very promising (more than 10 mg/m3).


This study addresses a gap in the current financial liberalization literature, which has heretofore focused on post-reform growth experiences. I shift focus to consider the effects of liberalization on income inequality, a prime determinant of standard of living in the developing world. Specifically, I look at Latin America due to its common historical experiences with respect to economic interactions with the developed world. I use pooled OLS, panel OLS with fixed effects, panel GLS with random effects, and finally a GMM technique derived from Arellano-Bond (1991), adding more and stronger assumptions at each step to analyze correlations between liberalization and changes in income inequality. Though the battery of tests, when viewed together, yields ambiguous results, the most compelling findings come with the inclusion of an interaction term between liberalization and institutional quality. In these specifications, liberalization, proxied by a measure called Financial Openness, enters positively and highly significantly. The negative and highly significant coefficients on the interaction terms indicate that liberalization can ameliorate or exacerbate inequality, depending upon the integrity of the institutions in place at the time of internationalization. This finding implies that weak institutions, rather than mere economic interaction with more developed economies, may be responsible for the inability of all groups in Latin America to reap the full benefits of integration into the global economy. 1 I would like to acknowledge the guidance of Ross Levine, Professor of Economics at Brown University, in his capacity as thesis adviser. I also wish to thank Martin Goetz, Ph.D. Candidate in Economics at Brown University, for his insights and assistance during this process. I am grateful to Thorsten Beck (Tilburg University), Stijn Claessens (IMF), Michael Klein (Tufts University), Norman Loayza (World Bank), Christian Lundblad (University of North Carolina), Maria Soledad Martinez Peria (World Bank), Dennis Quinn (Georgetown University), and David Roodman (Center for Global Development) for their advice and/or assistance in the direct or indirect provision of data for my study.


In order to detect the early fatigue crack of mechanical components simply, this paper puts forward the ultrasonic testing technology of different side collinear mixing. Firstly, based on the nonlinear ultrasonic theory, the method of calculating the difference frequency and sum frequency nonlinear coefficients of mixing ultrasonic is deduced. Then, the ram-5000 SINAP ultrasonic system is used to detect the aluminum alloy specimens with five different depth fatigue cracks, and the corresponding spectrum diagram is drawn. From the experimental results, we get that the crack depth is positively correlated with the nonlinear coefficients of difference frequency and sum frequency within a certain crack depth. Finally, by analyzing and fitting the experimental data, the prediction models of the difference frequency and sum frequency nonlinear coefficients on the crack depth are established. Through the analysis and combination of the above two prediction models, the prediction model of the mixing relative nonlinear coefficient is established, and the average error of the three prediction models is compared. The results show that the mixing relative nonlinear model has better results. The research work in this paper makes a useful exploration for crack detection and crack depth prediction.


Two dialogues between distinguished intellectuals aim to shed light on the contours of the reform of the state in Bolivia at a time of transition. In the fi...


The aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of solar irradiation on the permeate flow rate produced by vacuum membrane distillation installation. The used membrane module, in our case, is composed of two hollow fibers membrane wound in helically coiled shape. These fibers were placed in parabolic through concentrator absorber. The relatively hot solution (brine) in the absorber was used as a feed for our fibers. After the establishment of the model governing equations, a resolution was done with the finite element method. The sensitivity of the permeate flow rate to the solar irradiation and feed salt concentration were all investigated. According to the results, when the solar irradiation growth from 200 to 800 W/m2, the permeate flow rate roses from 0.1377 to 0.3633 kg/h. In the case of a solar irradiation of 800 W/m2, a marginal effect of the feed salt concentration on the permeate flow rate was remarked. For the evolution of the feed salt concentration between 10 and 300 g/l, a drop by 12% of the permeate flux was reported.


ABSTRACT Objective: To study the stability and compatibility of dexamethasone 21 phosphate disodium salt and midazolam at various concentrations at 4C and 23C. Methods: Solutions of dexamethasone (4 and 10 mg/mL) were mixed with midazolam (1 and 5 mg/mL). In addition to visual inspection of the mixtures, the concentrations of dexamethasone and midazolam in the mixtures were determined by a stability-indicating liquid chromatographic method. Results: Precipitation occurred when equal volumes of the most concentrated solutions were mixed. Some combinations at lower concentrations were compatible on visual inspection and retained 90% of their initial concentrations. Upon dissolution and analysis of the precipitate, the only drug present in the precipitate was midazolam. The stability of a compatible solution of 0.25 mg/mL dexamethasone and 0.25 mg/mL midazolam was tested over a 3-day period at 4C and 23C. Physical incompatibility, because of precipitation of midazolam, was observed after 48 h. However, during the first 24 h, both solutions remained clear and free of precipitate and retained 90% of the initial concentration of both dexamethasone and midazolam. Conclusions: Mixing commercially available formulations of dexamethasone and midazolam in a syringe will generally always result in precipitation, and therapeutically useful mixtures cannot be achieved. Furthermore, although compatible IV additive admixtures of dexamethasone and midazolam in 5% dextrose in water can be maintained for up to 24 h, these solutions (0.25 mg/mL of each compound) are also generally too dilute to be clinically useful. Furthermore, these solutions also developed a precipitate after 48 h of storage. RESUME Objectif : Etudier la stabilite et la compatibilite des solutions de phosphate de dexamethasone sodique et de midazolam a diverses concentrations, entreposees a des temperatures de 4C et de 23C. Methodes : Les solutions de dexamethasone (4 et 10 mg/mL) ont ete melangees au midazolam (1 et 5 mg/mL). Outre l'inspection visuelle des melanges, les concentrations de dexamethasone et de midazolam dans les melanges ont ete determinees au moyen de l'epreuve de stabilite par chromatographie liquide a haute pression. Resultats : Un precipite s'est forme dans les melanges de solutions les plus concentrees a volumes egaux. Certains melanges a des concentrations moindres etaient compatibles a l'inspection visuelle et ont conserve 90 % de leur concentration initiale. Apres dissolution et analyse du precipite, le seul medicament present dans le precipite etait le midazolam. La stabilite d'une solution compatible de 0,25 mg/mL de dexamethasone et de 0,25 mg/mL de midazolam a ete evaluee sur une periode de trois jours, a une temperature de 4C et de 23C. Une incompatibilite physique due a la precipitation du midazolam a ete observee apres 48 heures. Cependant, durant les 24 premieres heures, les deux solutions sont restees claires et sans precipite, et ont conserve 90 % de leur concentration initiale a la fois de midazolam et de dexamethasone. Conclusions : Le melange de formules commerciales de dexamethasone et de midazolam dans une seringue entrainera generalement toujours la formation d'un precipite, et des melanges therapeutiques utiles ne peuvent par consequent etre realises. En outre, bien que des melanges de solutions I.V. compatibles de dexamethasone et de midazolam dans du dextrose a 5 % dans l'eau peuvent etre stables pendant un maximum de 24 heures, ces solutions (0,25 mg/mL de chaque agent) sont generalement trop diluees pour etre cliniquement utiles. De plus, ces solutions ont aussi forme un precipite apres 48 heures d'entreposage.


IntroductionLaboratory comments appended on clinical biochemistry reports are common in the UK. Although popular with clinicians and the public, there is little evidence that these comments influen...


The purposes of this research were to know the significant differences between students result in science who learnt by cooperative learning model type Jigsaw II and students who learnt using conventional learning model in the sixth grade students in Cluster Ubud, Gianyar regency. The type of this research was a quasi experiment by using post-test only control group design. The sample of this study was grade sixth of SD N 4 Ubud consisted of 25 students as an experimental group and 20 students grade sixth of SD N 5 Ubud as an control group selected through random sampling method. Data collected by using multiple choice test. Then, data analysis used inferential statistic (t-test). The result of this research is there is a significant difference students result in science between students who learnt by cooperative learning model type Jigsaw II and students who learnt using conventional learning model in the sixth grade students in Cluster Ubud, Gianyar regency (tarithmetic = 5,166 > ttable= 2,00). The result showed that cooperative learning model type Jigsaw II better than conventional learning model in students result science.


Aiming at the drawbacks of constant power regulation with PI control and feed-forward control system,the principle of adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system based Takgai-Sugeno is analyzed.The fuzzy feed-forward controller based on Takgai-Sugeno model is designed by applying the learning method of neural networks to fuzzy control.Constant power control for wind generation is presented by PI regulation system and simulated calculation is implemented by Matlab software.The results show that the method greatly improves the performance of system dynamic response.Thus,it ensures a constant power output.


In New England the pasture juniper, Juniperus communis var. depressa Pursh, usually occurs in pastures adjacent to stones, whereas the red cedar, J. virginiana var. crebra Fern. & Grisc., occurs either at stoneside or in interstonal areas. In non-stony pastures red cedar is often dominant and pasture juniper absent. Accordingly, attempts were made to determine the effects of the stoneside position. During their fall migrational flights, robins, Turdus migratorius Linnaeus, feed heavily on the berries of both pasture juniper and red cedar, and are effective disseminators of the seed. During feeding periods the robins come to rest on exposed field stones and the seed in their droppings becomes concentrated on the stones. The seeds are subsequently washed and planted into frost-heave cracks adjacent to the stones. The burial of pasture juniper seed assures their retention in a moist condition during the long, double stratification period required for their germination. Red cedar seed requires only a single cold stratification period, however, and this may be encountered even when seeds are planted on soil surfaces. Seedlings developing in the stoneside frost-heave crack are protected from trampling or grazing, and they receive extra moisture from their stone micro-watershed. Yet, all items in the system are not favorable. Seedling junipers make their best growth in compacted soils, like those away from stoneside, and although birds are effec- tive disseminators of their seed, the passage of seed through the birds gut inhibits germination.. Nevertheless the fortuitous planting of seed on exposed stones introduces pasture juniper and red cedar to a micro-habitat that more than compensates for reduced germination and slower growth.


AbstractHeavy rainfall associated with shallow orographic rainfall systems has been underestimated by passive microwave radiometer algorithms owing to weak ice scattering signatures. The authors improve the performance of estimates made using a passive microwave radiometer algorithm, the Global Satellite Mapping of Precipitation (GSMaP) algorithm, from data obtained by the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) Microwave Imager (TMI) for orographic heavy rainfall. An orographic/nonorographic rainfall classification scheme is developed on the basis of orographically forced upward vertical motion and the convergence of surface moisture flux estimated from ancillary data. Lookup tables derived from orographic precipitation profiles are used to estimate rainfall for an orographic rainfall pixel, whereas those derived from original precipitation profiles are used to estimate rainfall for a nonorographic rainfall pixel. Rainfall estimates made using the revised GSMaP algorithm are in better agreement with e...


The process of dispute resolution is constantly evolving and the UK Construction industry continues to develop methods of alternative dispute resolution, particularly methods which may prevent disputes from occurring. One such method is the Dispute Board, which is a panel appointed at the beginning of a contract to advise the parties of situations where disputes are likely to arise and how to avoid them. Dispute Boards have been popular in the U.S.A for several years, which leads one to question why they have been little used in the U.K. A Delphi Survey was conducted amongst Construction Professionals, Lawyers, Arbitrators / Adjudicators and Clients in order to identify the barriers to Dispute Boards becoming an established method of alternative dispute resolution in the UK Construction Industry. The results show that barriers to the incorporation of Dispute Boards in the UK Construction Industry include poor attitudes towards new methods, the presence of adjudication, the lack of knowledge and understanding by clients and lack of practical experience by Dispute Boards. The implications of this are discussed.


In the United States, aging in place is a common concept that refers to older adults' desire to remain in their homes as they age. However, this ability to age in place is a complex process that is not only impacted by the home's accessibility or individual functional abilities. This paper aims to examine different factors, such as home environment and home modification, caregivers, finances, and other supports present in the participants' lives, that impact older adults with age-related cognitive changes (ARCC) (in)ability to age in place. Qualitative interviews with older adults with ARCC (n = 5) and their caregivers (n = 5) were conducted. The participants' experiences while aging in place indicate that finances and caregiving support greatly impacted their lives at home and ability to age in place. Personal finances dictated where some of the participants could age and the support, they could afford from home health aides. Additionally, informal and formal caregivers were an important source of support that aided in the older adults' ability to remain home. As researchers, we need to continue to address personal finances and the support that the individual has in their lives to most effectively promote aging in place and their life at home.


Common sense would suggest that the patients of surgeons who have more experience with performing specific operations would have less surgical morbidity, shorter recovery times, and, possibly, improved cure rates or lower risk for recurrence. Theoretically, a surgeon's learning curve is a function of the time necessary to reach a threshold at which surgical outcomes are better than those of less-experienced surgeons. Surgical morbidity and mortality can be measured in a relatively straightforward manner, but disease outcomes can be more difficult to …


This paper presents an extensive survey of electromagnetic materials used for antenna fabrication, which find application in Civilian life as well as defense life. When a densely packed microwave integrated circuit is designed, it requires protection from higher power transient because of specific polarization and frequency response. To meet specification of such kind of microwave circuits it is desired to exploit properties of fabricating materials, which are not found in nature but can be prepared with specific proportion of chemical element combination. This study provides in-depth responses of materials toward electromagnetic wave's characteristics such as dielectric, flexible electronics, electrical and thermal properties, which have vast potential in communication engineering. Keyword: Material, Electromagnetic, Microwave, Dielectric


Gasification of high ash coals and controlling resulting emissions is a challenging task. Effective utilization of these coals depends on proper selection of operating conditions. This paper is aimed at comprehensive analysis of effect of operating conditions on the gasification of a high ash Indian (Jharia) coal with two-fold objectives of maximizing syngas heating value and reducing CO2 emissions. An ASPEN Plus model is developed to simulate the gasification process and simulation results are validated with experimental data available in literature. The simulated results are in good agreement with experimental results with less than 10% error. In the first stage the sensitivity analysis of four operating conditions viz., Equivalence Ratio (ER), Steam-to-Coal Ratio (SCR), Gasifier Temperature, and Gasifier Pressures is performed. A design specification Limiting Air Flow Rate (LAFR) is used for effective carbon conversion and reduced emissions. Gasification temperature is the most influencing parameter among all parameters, followed by ER and SCR. Gasification pressure has no significant effect on syngas composition. The results clearly indicate that a lower ER and SCR are favorable for formation of maximum amount of combustible gases (H2, CO) and minimum amount of CO2. Different combination of ER and SCR in the specified ranges were examined. In all cases, the maximum efficiency is attained in a temperature range of 600 C to 900 C. In the second stage these parameter are optimized with an objective of maximizing the heating value of syngas and minimizing CO2 emissions. Both normal and constraint based optimization is performed. In constraint based optimization, a constraint of CO2 mole fraction less than 1% is imposed. Optimum parametric domains for maximum efficiency are presented.


But it would be a pity if this book found its way only into the hands of the Communion to which it is initially addressed, since the issues raised and the perspectives presented are crucial to the whole church, especially in the West As the editor puts the issue, Jesus' question, "Who do you say that I am" has been replaced for many with a theological expression more at home in postmodernity "Who would you like me to be" (p xni) The resolution offered is robust chnstological reflection that is rooted in and grows out of scripture, that is not blind to contemporary historical and theological challenges to historic chnstological faith, and that is not afraid to look into the Christian tradition for contemporary theological resources The six essays move easily between biblical studies and cultural analysis (including the culture of the church), theological method and the parish This book exemplifies how New Testament scholars, theologians, and church leaders can join together in self-consciously theological intercourse in which the conversation partners are personally invested in the discussion but do not presume that all Christians will grant their convictions Why we must take the Bible seriously and how we can learn from our own history— these and other questions of theological sub stance receive careful scrutiny and are never treated pedantically Persons within the Anglican Communion and in other Christian traditions can learn from this struggle to engage in theological discourse and to take doctrine and doctrinal formulation seriously


The urinary excretion of tryptophan metabolites was measured in control subjects, in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis, and in patients with related disorders. After tryptophan loading, 12/15 female patients and 4/5 male patients with active rheumatoid arthritis and a positive latex test had significantly elevated levels of one or more of the tryptophan metabolites measured. Hydroxykynurenine and kynurenine were the metabolites most frequently elevated. Although excretion of 4-pyridoxic acid was in the normal range in these subjects, administration of supplements of pyridoxine restored tryptophan metabolism toward normal in a group of 11 female patients in which this was studied. The data suggests that a high percentage of these patients have a functional pyridoxine deficiency demonstrable in tryptophan metabolism only by means of a tryptophan loading test.

Le excretion urinari de metabolitos de tryptophano esseva mesurate in sub-jectos de controlo, in patientes con active arthritis rheumatoidee, e in patientes con relationate disordines. Post cargation con tryptophano, 12 inter 15 patientes feminin e 4 inter 5 patientes mascule con active arthritis rheumatoidee e posi-tivitate del test a latex monstrava significative elevationes de un o plures del metabolitos de tryptophano mesurate. Hydroxycynurenina e cynurenina esseva le metabolitos elevate le plus frequente-mente. Ben que le excretion de acido 4-pyridoxic esseva in iste subjectos intra le limites del norma, le administration de supplementos de pyridoxina restaurava le metabolismo de tryptophano in le direction de valores normal in un gruppo de 11 patientes feminin in qui iste aspecto del question esseva studiate. Le datos suggere que un alte procentage de iste patientes ha un carentia functional de pyridoxina que es demonstrabile in le metabolismo de tryptophano solmente per medio de un test a cargation de tryptophano.


We deal with equilibrium problems in transportation networks within a variational framework. In particular, we present some paradoxical results which show how some changes in input data can be successfully exploited by the traffic manager in order to optimize the traffic distribution thus minimizing the total cost. Mathematics subject classification (2000): 49J40, 90B06, 90C99, 65K10.


The authors present the approach to the productive formation of an adequate self-esteem of primary schoolchildren in terms of family upbringing.


This paper proposes a combined cooling, heating and electric power (CCHP) system based on demand side response. In order to improve the economy of the system, a two-stage optimal scheduling scheme is proposed with the goal of minimizing the total operating cost of the system and maximizing user satisfaction. The optimal operation of the system was divided into two optimization problems, including the demand side and the supply side. In the first stage, combined with user satisfaction, from the new point of view that users are prone to excessive behavior due to time-of-use electricity prices, the cooling, heating and power load curves are optimized. In the second stage, an economic dispatch model that includes operating costs in terms of energy, maintenance and environment is established. An improved artificial bee colony (IABC) algorithm is used to solve the optimal energy production scheme based on the demand curves optimized in the first stage. Case studies are conducted to verify the efficiency of the proposed method. Compared with the CCHP system that does not consider demand response, this method reduced operation cost on typical days in summer and winter by 5.20% and 5.76%, respectively.


Metal working (MW) fluids are used to control friction and temperature, improve workpiece surface quality, and reduce tool wear. The batch-life of the MW fluid investigated was controlled primarily by the concentration of metallic soaps (complexes between the oil emulsifier and Al/Mg). Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, a strong metal chelator, was added to the MW fluid to break the oil-Al/Mg complexes. The aqueous-phase ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid-Al/Mg complexes were then separated from the oil phase by ultrafiltration (UF). Al levels were reduced between 39 and 49%, and Mg levels were reduced between 67 and 77%. Al transfer from the oil phase to the aqueous phase was slow and increased during UF concentration. Rinsing the concentrated MW fluid with deionized water decreased the ash content but had a lesser impact on Al/Mg removal. Al mass balances produced errors of 2.8% for run 3 and 6.2% for run 4. The UF system (0.11-μm ceramic membrane) effectively separated the oil and aqueous phases. Permeate turbidity was generally <1 nephelometric turbidity unit and permeate flux ranged from 390 to 220 L/m²-h (230 to 130 gal/ft²-day) depending on the degree of concentration.


Background Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) treatment includes the use of the anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody rituximab (RTX). RTX acts through Fcγ-receptors (FCGR) on effector natural killer cells and macrophages and it can be administered effectively in RA and in lymphomas. Based on the results of in vitro experiments, its efficacy may depend of FCGR gene polymorphisms in both diseases. Aim As genetic background of diseases and therapeutic efficacy (pharmacogenetics) may vary among different geographical regions, we wished to assess possible relationships between FCGR3A polymorphism and the therapeutic outcome of RTX therapy in a Hungarian RA cohort. Patients and methods Altogether, 52 patients, 6 men and 46 women, were included in the study. Peripheral blood samples were used to determine FCGR3A polymorphism by genotyping using real-time PCR method. Results The distribution of FCGR3A genotypes was 8 VV, 34 VF and 10 FF. Disease activity score 28 (DAS28) reductions in patients with VV, VF and FF genotypes were 1.98±0.54 (p=0.008 between DAS28 before and after treatment), 2.07±0.23 (p<0.001) and 1.59±0.52 (p=0.014), respectively. Significant differences in DAS28 reductions on treatment were found between VF heterozygotes and FF homozygotes (p=0.032), as well as between heterozygotes and all (VV+FF) homozygotes (p=0.017). Furthermore, significantly more VV (62.5%; p=0.030) and VF (64.7%; p=0.015) patients achieved low disease activity compared with FF subjects (30.0%). Conclusion Our results suggest that FCGR3A polymorphism may predict more effective disease activity reduction by RTX. Furthermore, carrying the V allele may also be associated with better therapeutic response in Hungarian patients with RA.


9079 Background: Whether HDCT with PBSCT improves the long-term outcome for patients with bone and soft-tissue sarcomas (STS) is debatable and controversial. Methods: From August 1998 to September ...


A custom‐designed photometer for recording flashlight‐induced transient absorbance spectra with microsecond time resolution in the wavelength range from 350 to 800 nm with 0.5 nm resolution is reported. The apparatus is equipped with two 600 ns half‐width pulse (output = 400 mJ) tunable dye lasers for double‐flash analysis and an optical multichannel analyser having a silicon intensified target detector. Measuring light from a tungsten‐halogen lamp is passed through the sample, dispersed into a spectrum and focused on the head of the detector. A transient spectrum is measured over a range of 330 nm simultaneously by applying high voltage to the detector for the desired interval. The delay from the actinic flash to applying the high voltage can be controlled electronically. Distortion caused by scattering of the actinic flash under optimal conditions is negligible within 1.5 is after the flash peak. Detector linearity reaches about 104 and a noise level of less than ±0.005A can be achieved without data accumulation. This apparatus is applicable not only to transparent samples but to turbid ones with 100 μs resolution.


Abstract Metal chalcogenides are technologically important materials. Physical, chemical, electrical and mechanical properties of these materials can be fine-tuned by manipulating their shape, size and composition. Although several methods are employed for their synthesis, single-source molecular precursor route has emerged as a versatile strategy for their synthesis and in controlling shape, size and composition of the material under moderate conditions. This chapter gives a brief coverage on the design and development of single-source molecular precursors which have been employed for the preparation of metal selenide/telluride nanocrystals and for deposition of thin films. The discussion includes synthesis of transition-, main group and f-block metal chalcogenolate and/or chalcogenide clusters as precursors and their conversion into metal chalcogenides in the form of thin films and nanostructures. Precursors for ternary metal chalcogenides are also included.


INCE ITS foundation four years 3ago, the International Center for Family Medicine (ICFM) has been concerned with ways to produce high quality medical resources for medical students and for physicians now in family practice. The Center encourages the training of family doctors who can work efficiently in different types of organizations, to provide more rational and humanized primary health care, and who have the clinical skills to manage psychological and social factors that influence patients' illnesses. Three years ago we decided that the only practical way to train this model family doctor was to tailor educational programs to the final product. For that reason, postgraduate programs have received the highest priority. This was the strategy applied by developed countries, and some Latin American countries, such as Mexico, used a similar approach. In 1978, only three countries in Latin America had educational programs to train general or family physicians. In 1984, ten countries had such programs including North America and the Iberian Peninsula, and 14


This article contains results of experimental research activities of white layer formation (WLF) and its characteristics during a process of turning hardened steels (THS), which have been carried out in laboratories of DD Cimos TMD Ai Gradačac. WLF. Characteristics during the THS process were analyzed from the aspects of influence caused by machining parameters as well as tool flank wear width. Experimental tests of tool wear have been performed. The tool used in experimental tool wear was ceramic cutting insert CNGA 120408T, catalogue mark IN22 Al2O3-TiCN. In accordance with achieved results, value of tool flank wear 220 µm has been set as the criterion of wear. In accordance with defined wear criterion, determination of level and type of influence that machining parameters have on WLF and its characteristics were carried out in accordance with planned experimental methodology. Experiments have shown that cutting speed and tool flank wear width (for all other machining conditions unchanged) can be used for control of WLF and its characteristics. Structural changes in surface layer of the working piece, during the cutting process of hardened material, except for the WLF are also presented through a transition zone, e.g., dark layer, which has lower hardness than the initial material. Hard WL can take over a protection role for a machined surface from abrasive actions, while softened zone (dark layer) can take over a function of WL solder with the initial material. Analysis of achieved results points to a possibility of controlling the WLF and its characteristics, and therefore a possibility of using WL in a positive context. The basis for the above mentioned is the effect of additional plastic deformation of WL (APDWL), which occurs only under certain machining conditions. The effect seen, if follows WLF, results in decrease of machined surface roughness compared to its expected value. Accordingly there is a possibility for identification of WL on a machined surface by measuring the roughness parameters without previous metallographic preparation of samples.


The invention relates to a method for preparing a polyester and polyether modified silicone oil ternary copolymer textile finishing agent, and belongs to the field of the synthesis of ternary copolymer synthetic fiber finishing agents. The method comprises the following steps of: performing a hydrosilylation reaction of allyl polyether and hydrogen-containing silicone oil under the action of a chloroplatinic acid catalyst to form polyether modified silicone oil; and performing a polycondensation reaction of the polyether modified silicone oil and dimethyl terephthalate, glycol and polyethylene glycol under the action of antimonous oxide, manganese acetate, n-tetrabutyl titanate and triphenyl phosphate to obtain the polyester and polyether modified silicone oil ternary copolymer multifunctional textile finishing agent. The textile finishing agent can make textiles very absorbent, antistatic and washable and touch very soft.


The Czochralski and floating zone methods have been used to grow single crystals of gallium perovskites solid solutions with rare earth elements La, Pr, Nd, Sm and with Sr. The structure of the crystals has been investigated by powder X-ray, synchrotron radiation and neutron diffraction methods over a wide temperature range. The unit cell volume at room temperature varies from approximately 228 to 236 A 3 in Sm 0.75 Nd 0.25 GaO 3 and La 0.88 Sr 0.12 GaO 3-δ , respectively. Position of atoms in the unit cell and evolution of perovskite lattice deformation induced by continuously varying average rare earth ionic radius is discussed. The unit cell parameters including atoms positions, thermal expansion coefficients, segregation coefficients and phase transition temperature scale with the unit cell volume in all investigated crystals. All these parameters may be represented as a function of average ionic radius of rare elements, however, this value is not well determined in these compounds because of ill determined coordination number.


Objective: To seek a better scheme of Sr90βray irradiation to inhibit the recurrence of the pathological scar after excision. Methods: The patients were randomly divided into two groups and submitted to preventive irradiation following excision in short and long courses respectively. Results: From 1999 to 2000, short course irradiation group A included 39 patients and long course irradiation group B 37 patients. All 76 patients were followed-up for a period of 3 to 18 months. The overall effective rates of two groups were 87.2% and 89.2% respectively. Conclusion: Although there was no significant difference in effective rate between two groups, the short course irradiation scheme is a method convenient to patient in inhibiting recurrence of scar formation because it may shorten the treatment period.


Since the 1970s government regulation of the fisheries in New Brunswick has become increasingly restrictive with limited entry into some fisheries. A ban on commercial salmon fishing began in 1972, was lifted in 1981 and resumed in 1984. At issue is not only the effect of limited entry on fish stocks but more significantly 1) the friction between fishermen and government, 2) the effects on the fishing communities, and 3) the reactions of commercial salmon fishermen to the regulations which have favored competing interests.


⎯Most of the speech enhancement algorithms use the magnitude of STFT while phase is kept unchanged. In this paper the magnitude of STFT of noisy speech is kept unchanged while the phase is modified. Modified complex spectrum of speech is obtained by combining unchanged magnitude spectrum and modified phase spectrum. This modification results into cancellation of low energy components (noise) of complex spectrum more than the high-energy (speech) components leading to reduction in background noise. The models for variation of α with respect to SNR for AWGN, Train noise and Babble noise are developed using non linear regression modeling method. Normal hearing and hearing loss subjective listening tests and spectrogram analysis show that the proposed method gives improved speech quality. Index Terms ⎯ Speech enhancement, hearing aid, STFT, magnitude spectrum, phase spectrum.


A 15-year-old female with primary amenorrhea and Tuner's syndrome feature was referred for a chromosome analysis. The karyotype of the patient was 45,X/46,X,der(Y) mosaicism under initial GTG-banding analysis. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis with probe for CEP X probes and SRY probe (Vysis, Inc. Downers Grove, IL 60515, USA) was carried out. This probe is direct labeled with SpectrumOrange (SRY, Yp11.3) and is available as a single probe or mixed with the CEP X SpectrumGreen probe. SRY SpectrumOrange/CEP X SpectrumGreen hybridized to a specimen obtained from an two isodicentric Y chromosomes. The karyotype of the patient was ish Xcen(DXZ1x1)/Xcen(DXZ1x1), Yp11.3(SRYx2) by using FISH. This karyotype was considered a variant of Tuner syndrome with mixed gonadal dysgenesis (MGD), male pseudohermaphroitism (MPH) and apparently normal male


Quality of service in the network (Quality of Service: QoS) method for reporting control-related information, end-to-end intermediate network entity measures the channel state QoS control related information located between the path of the (end-to-end) and generating the steps of: the intermediate network entity to report QoS control related information to other network entity controlling QoS, a.


This study protocol introduces the Kasama Study, a mid-sized longitudinal study of health, fitness, and physical activity in older people. The study is a challenging research project that discusses the future of the system for preventive nursing care and for supporting successful aging in Japan. In May 2008, we began the Kasama Study with an exercise program of preventive nursing care for community-dwelling older adults. As of March 2016, we have conducted six study projects: 1) the Kasama health checkup for longevity, 2) an all -round exercise class, 3) the volunteer and the circle, 4) an exercise class for men only, 5) an exercise class for improving cognitive and physical function, and 6) the Kasama Iki-iki checklist survey. We describe each project in detail in the present study protocol.


ON DECONSTRUCTION: THEORY AND CRITICISM AFTER STRUCTURALISM. By Jonathan Culler. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1982; pp. 307. Paper $8.95. FEROCIOUS ALPHABETS. By Denis Donoghue. New York: Columbia University Press, 1984; pp. 211. Paper $7.95. LITERARY THEORY: AN INTRODUCTION. By Terry Eagleton. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1983; pp. 244. Paper $9.95. CRITICISM AND SOCIAL CHANGE. By Frank Lentricchia. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1983; pp. 173. $15.00. REPRESENTING KENNETH BURKE. Edited by Hayden White and Margaret Brose. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1982; pp. 175. $14.95.


The main objective of the TOOLS2 project (the subject of this paper) is the development of modelling and decision support tools to assist CMAs with their catchment-level planning and site-level incentives funding decisions. This paper describes stakeholder (internal and external) experiences from this project, discusses their impact and influence on decision support system DSS design and project management, and makes recommendations for better practice in these areas.


In this study, jujube jam was prepared by using the jujube, a functional food material, with reduced sugar content. The moisture content in jujube jam was measured and found to range from 20.69% to 63.80%, which varied differently among samples depending on the amount of jujube concentrate. For the ...


The part of salaon (Indigofera tinctoria L.) that is used as colourant is its leaf that produce blue colour. People in Samosir usually use the colour that produced by salaon leaf to dye yarn in making traditional cloth of Batak (ulos). The purpose of this research was to find out that the leaf powder of salaon can be used as a hair dye. Preparation of salaon leaf powder was done by washing salaon leaves, then dried them at room temperature, next powdered using blender and then sieved by using 60 mesh siever. Hair dye preparations made with a formula consisting of the salaon leaf powder with different concentrations of 10; 15; 20; and 25%; pyrogallol 4%, copper (II) sulphate 2.4%, and xanthan gum 0.5%. Aquadest was used as the solvent. Coloring was done by soaking gray hair on hair dye preparation for 1-4 hours and the colour change was observed visually every hour. The results of this research showed that the greater the concentration of salaon leaf powder, the colour of the hair produced was darker until at concentration 15%, and concentration above 15% the coloring of hairs was lighter. The longer soaking gray hair in hair dye preparations, the colours produced darker. The best coloration was produced from formula B consisting of salaon leaf powder 15%, pyrogallol 4%, copper (II) sulphate 2.4%, and xanthan gum 0.5%, that produced dark brown, stable towards washing, sunlight, and did not cause irritation on skin. The conclusion of this research is salaon leaf powder (Indigofera tinctoria L.) can be used as a hair dye.


This research study reviews the treatment and recyclability of e-waste such as PCBs, e-plastics and CRTs. Land filling and incineration were found to be not good management methods as they do not deal with the toxic gases found in e-waste. Hydrometallurgy processing methods was developed and used in the extraction of base and precious metals. Since precious metal leaching is affected by copper content, to maximize precious metal leaching, a 2 step base metal leaching stage was employed. The first step mainly focused on the removal of Pb and Fe and the second step was to extract copper, zinc and nickel. First stage used nitric acid and the second stage used sulphuric acid and hydrogen peroxide. Lead recovery was almost 90% and copper recovery amounted to almost 95%. Precious metal leaching utilized ammonium thio-sulphate as the lixiviant and gold recovery was low, but silver recovery was significantly high.


High aspect ratio silicon nanowires (SiNWs) prepared by metal-assisted chemical etching were passivated by using catalytic chemical vapor deposition (Cat-CVD). Film conformality of hydrogen amorphous silicon (a-Si : H) deposited by Cat-CVD on SiNWs was investigated and a relationship between the average length of SiNWs and the deposition time of a-Si : H was determined. By optimizing atomic H treatment and a-Si : H deposition on 1 μm length silicon nanowires, a-Si : H/SiNWs radial hetero-junction (RJ-HET) solar cells were fabricated and an efficiency of 16.02% was achieved. Compared with radial homo-junction (RJ-HOMO) solar cells and planar hetero-junction (P-HET) solar cells, the improvements of open circuit voltage and short circuit current of RJ-HET solar cells are discussed based on measurements of capacitance–voltage, dark current–voltage and quantum efficiency. The RJ-HET solar cell based on the SiNW array also shows better omni-directional antireflection properties than the P-HET solar cell.