【Objectives : The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of acupuncture for chronic fatigue syndrome and idiopathic chronic fatigue. Methods : A randomized, controlled pilot trial was conducted. Twenty-four participants were randomized into one of the two groups: an acupuncture group(n=12) and wait-list group(n=12). The treatment group received 12 sessions of acupuncture over 4 weeks. Eight points( $GV_{20}$ ; bilateral GB20, $BL_{11}$ , $BL_{13}$ , $BL_{15}$ , $BL_{18}$ , $BL_{20}$ , and $BL_{23}$ ) were selected for needling. The control group did not receive acupuncture treatment during study period and follow-up were done in the $5^{th}$ and $9^{th}$ weeks after randomization in both groups. The primary outcome was fatigue severity scale(FSS) and the secondary outcomes included a short form of stress response inventory(SRI-short form), beck depression inventory(BDI), and insomnia severity index(ISI). Safety was assessed at every visit. Results : There were statistically significant differences in the between group values of FSS at $5^{th}$ weeks after randomization(p=0.0002), SRI-short form, BDI, and ISI at $5^{th}$ , $9^{th}$ weeks after randomization(p】


This paper deals with the development and validation of a semi-analytical tire model able to compute the forces at the interface between tire and rim. The knowledge of the forces acting on the rim is of crucial importance for the lightweight design of wheels. The proposed model requires a limited set of data to be calibrated. The model is compared with complete FE models of the tire and rim. Despite its simplicity, the semi-analytical model is able to predict the forces acting on the rim, in agreement with the forces computed by complete FE models. The stress state in the wheel rim, computed by the developed semi-analytical model matches fairly well the corresponding stress state coming from experimental tests.


This deliverable provides a specification of the Annotation Profile Model.The Annotation Profile Model is a platform and language independentinformation model that describes how to configure or automatically generate graphical user interfaces for form based editing of RDFmetadata. The Annotation Profile Model does not replace ontologies orschema information, instead it provides complimentary information that is necessary for annotation tools to behave consistently.The motivation for the specification is, first, to make the end user experience more flexible with regards to the set of metadata edited without compromising the usability or requiring further technical knowledge. Second, to allow a more a coherent end-user experience when editing metadata across tools. Third, to simplify for developers to include metadata editing in their tools by providing ready made reusable components/libraries based on this specification.


Attachment patterns and value preference among young adults

 Present research aimed in analysing relations between romantic attachment and value system among young adults (N = 159). Two theories are the background for the


We consider distillation of secret bits from partially secret noisy correlations PABE, shared between two honest parties and an eavesdropper. The most studied distillation scenario consists of joint operations on a large number of copies of the distribution (PABE)N, assisted with public communication. Here we consider distillation with only one copy of the distribution, and instead of rates, the ¿quality¿ of the distilled secret bits is optimized, where the ¿quality¿ is quantified by the secret-bit fraction of the result. The secret-bit fraction of a binary distribution is the proportion which constitutes a secret bit between Alice and Bob. With local operations and public communication the maximal extractable secret-bit fraction from a distribution PABE is found, and is denoted by ¿[PABE]. This quantity is shown to be nonincreasing under local operations and public communication, and nondecreasing under eavesdropper's local operations: ¿ is a secrecy monotone. It is shown that if ¿ [PABE] > 1/2 then PABE is distillable, thus providing a sufficient condition for distillability. A simple expression for ¿[PABE] is found when the eavesdropper is decoupled, and when the honest parties' information is binary and the local operations are reversible. Intriguingly, for general distributions the (optimal) operation requires local degradation of the data.


Power transformers are key elements of a high voltage electrical transmission grid, which adapt voltage levels to the different needs of electric power users at constant power (disregarding the losses). This electrical machine is classically constructed out of copper, steel, paper and insulating oil. All those materials are made into different components. The main ones are the windings, tap changing system, core, tank and bushings. The components are assembled together to produce a power transformer. Power transformers are developed worldwide using a few basic designs established almost a century ago, that can be largely adapted for many special applications [1].


The aim of the present study was to investigate the prevalence of fear of hypoglycemia, in association with severe hypoglycemia and social factors, in insulin‐treated patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. A questionnaire survey on hypoglycemia and patient–physician communication was carried out in 355 patients with insulin‐treated type 2 diabetes mellitus patients at 16 hospitals and clinics. A fear of hypoglycemia was reported by 27.7% of patients. A stepwise logistic regression analysis found that severe hypoglycemia during the past 1 year was a significant determinant of fear of hypoglycemia (odds ratio 2.16, 95% confidence interval 1.06–4.41; P = 0.034), and age (odds ratio 1.02, 95% confidence interval 1.00–1.05, P = 0.038) and living alone (odds ratio 1.93, 95% confidence interval 1.00–3.73, P < 0.05) were significantly higher in patients with fear of hypoglycemia than in those without it.


The synthesis of derivatives of dihydroeuparin, a secondary metabolite of the shrub Senecio graveolens, is described. The main modifications were the introduction of a hydrocarbon branch and the transformation of a ketone group into its oxime. Structure identification was carried out by IR, 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR spectroscopy. These compounds may have application in the process of copper extraction


Do you need approval from an ethics committee to ring up chief executives of hospitals and ask them questions? As a journalist, a member of parliament, or a confidence trickster you wouldn't, but if you are a researcher who has drawn up a protocol you might. Ethics committees, which were devised to protect vulnerable patients from some abuse, have forgotten why they were created and have begun to equate chief executives with the unconscious or the mentally incompetent. They have, in other words, spun out of control.

No fewer than five sets of researchers describe a series of Kafkaesque experiences with ethics committees …


In January 2018, households' savings contracted against debt growth on bank loans, which is very unordinary for the first month of the year. Consumption indexes—retail trade turnover and spending on paid services—continued growing. The households strive to maintain acceptable standard of living by mobilizing all available financial possibilities.


The University of Maryland at College Park, with the support of AT&T, has designed and constructed a classroom where technology is used to promote teaching and learning. That is, the focus is on teaching and learning, not on the technology; the computers, networking, and audio/visual equipment are simply a means to help accomplish effective learning. The result is called the AT&T Teaching Theater: "Using technology to transform lectures and learning."


Open interview between Evgeny Gontmakher, Deputy Director of Institute of World Economy and International Relations under the Russian Academy of ...


Oral diseases are the 6th most revealed malignancy happening in head and neck regions found mainly in south Asian countries. It is the most common cancer with fourteen deaths in an hour on a yearly basis, as per the WHO oral cancer incidence in India. Due to the cost of tests, mistakes in the recognition procedure, and the enormous remaining task at hand of the cytopathologist, oral growths cannot be diagnosed promptly. This area is open to be looked into by biomedical analysts to identify it at an early stage. At present, with the advent of entire slide computerized scanners and tissue histopathology, there is a gigantic aggregation of advanced digital histopathological images, which has prompted the necessity for their analysis. A lot of computer aided analysis techniques have been developed by utilizing machine learning strategies for prediction and prognosis of cancer. In this review paper, first various steps of obtaining histopathological images, followed by the visualization and classification done by the doctors are discussed. As machine learning techniques are well known, in the second part of this review, the works done for histopathological image analysis as well as other oral datasets using these strategies for growth prognosis and anticipation are discussed. Comparing the pitfalls of machine learning and how it has overcome by deep learning mostly for image recognition tasks are also discussed subsequently. The third part of the manuscript describes how deep learning is beneficial and widely used in different cancer domains. Due to the remarkable growth of deep learning and wide applicability, it is best suited for the prognosis of oral disease. The aim of this review is to provide insight to the researchers opting to work for oral cancer by implementing deep learning and artificial neural networks.


There has been a parametric increase in the scale and complexity of global international migration in the last fifteen years. Asia has been prominent in this change with countries in the region being important sources and destinations of migrants. This paper summarises the main developments which are occurring in south-north migration, student migration, forced migration, north-north migration and international labour migration. In the transformation of international population movement in the region a most striking feature is the strong pattern of circularity in movement and the networks which are established between origin and destination. It is argued that several global changes have been instrumental in these changes. These include the three 'Ds': demography, development and democracy. It is shown that increasing gradients of difference between nations in the pattern of growth (or lack of it), in the workforce, in income and poverty levels and in patterns of governance, have been important drivers of the migration. Moreover they are likely to increase in their impact over the next two decades. In addition, the impact of global environmental change on migration is considered, as are the effects of proliferating social networks and the global migration industry.


The development of both convective stationary perturbation as well as global instabilities in the vicinity of a laminar separation bubble above an axisymmetric compression corner in a hypersonic flow is investigated using numerical simulations. The flow configuration of primary interest corresponds to the cone-cylinder-flare model used in experimental measurements in the Boeing/AFOSR Mach-6 Quiet Tunnel at Purdue University. For a flare angle of 10 degrees and a unit Reynolds number of 11.5 ´ 10 6 m -1 , their surface flow visualizations identified the presence of streamwise elongated thermal streaks near the reattachment position and the dominant azimuthal spacing between the streaks was determined to be approximately 10 degrees (i.e., an azimuthal mode number of 36). Previous linear stability analyses predicted that the amplification characteristics of small amplitude, unsteady, convective instabilities within this flow were consistent with the surface pressure fluctuations measured in the experiment. However, their accompanying analysis of global instabilities had found the separation bubble to be weakly unstable at the 10 degrees flare angle, with the most unstable global mode corresponding to a stationary disturbance with an azimuthal wavenumber of m ≈ 5, which was well below the measured wavenumber of m = 36. Besides confirming the presence of the global instability at these flow conditions, the present numerical simulations quantify the details of the stationary equilibrium state associated with the supercritical bifurcation resulting from the nonlinear saturation of the unstable global mode. Although velocity perturbations associated with the saturated global mode are dominated by the fundamental spanwise wavelength associated with the linear global instability, the surface heat flux downstream of reattachment is dominated by m = 36 in agreement with experimental measurements. An additional simulation of the combined evolution of both unsteady convective and global instabilities indicates that the nonlinear interactions between a broadband spectrum of oblique Mack's first mode instabilities generate stationary vortex modes with a higher dominant wavenumber ( m = 60) as that observed in the experiments. Additional analyses are performed to predict the global mode behavior at other flare angles and how it differs from the convective centrifugal instability due to concave streamline curvature over the compression corner


Seed oil bodies are lipid storage organelles that comprise a triacylglycerol matrix surrounded by a monolayer of phospholipids embedded with proteins. The oil-body associated proteins include an abundant structural protein class, oleosin and at least two minor protein classes, caleosin and steroleosin. Artificial oil bodies could be reconstituted with the three essential constituents, namely, matrix oil, phospholipid, and protein, in native sesame oil bodies. Several biotechnological applications have been developed in our group, including encapsulation of bacteria in artificial sesame oil emulsions, a bacterial expression/purification system for the production of recombinant proteins using artificial oil bodies as a affinity matrix, a new technique of enzyme immobilization on the surface of artificial oil bodies, and a carrier for drug delivery using the smaller artificial oil bodies stabilized by caleosin.


The objective of this paper is to elucidate empirically the relationship between technology transfer, productivity growth and integration of the Tunisian economy emphasizing the issued technology on the one hand and the absorptive capacity of Tunisia, on the other. Indeed, technology transfer is far from being a simple and automatic process. To do this we have mobilized an original database providing data from technologysending countries (OECD) to developing ones (MENA) for eleven years. The results achieved show significant causal relationship between technology acquired, the increase of the TPF level on the one hand and the integration degree of Tunisia expressed by its opening rate on the EU market on the other hand. Nevertheless, the relationship between technology transferred and integration is far from being direct and systematic, it depends largely on absorptive capacity of the host country. We have also highlighted the opportunity offered to Tunisia to achieve its objectives of integration in the European and world market while indicating that Tunisia is not taking enough advantages from its proximity to Europe to increase exports and attract FDI which are far from being interesting for the moment.


As an alternative to the access network bottleneck, wireless optical communications offers transmission rates far beyond possible by RF technology. However, its performance is sensitive to the surrounding channel conditions, which may vary widely and frequently due to fading and dispersion. Among all the impairments to wireless optical communication links, atmospheric turbulence-induced scintillation is a major one[1]. In particular, the impact of scintillation is to cause random variations in signal intensity, leading to large signal fades. Furthermore, the fast intensity variations caused by scintillation also increase the difficulty of signal intensity estimation, which is necessary to a widely used intensity modulation with direct detection (IM/DD) transmission system using on-off-keying (OOK) modulation. Thus appropriate modulation techniques are required to combat the adverse channel conditions. In this work, differentially encoded phase-shift keying (DPSK) is considered as a means of improving the detection sensitivity. In this paper, the error rate performance of wireless optical  DPSK system over atmospheric turbulence channel are compared with that of a most commonly used OOK system under the same channel conditions and then related numerical results are further analyzed. The error probability expression over atmospheric channels is derived under the assumption of log normal distributed scintillation, and then the performance of DPSK system is compared with that of a most commonly used on-off keying (OOK) system under then same channel conditions. Theoretical analysis and numerical results illustrate that with the same bandwidth, DPSK system has a higher sensitivity than OOK, DPSK format is very suitable for atmosphere channels and has a broad prospect in wireless optical communications


Due to the improvement of float glass furnace flue gas emission standard, glass kiln flue gas denitration system is required to add. This paper introduces the flue gas condition of the current domestic heavy oil of float glass furnace and main way of denitration. in a 700 t/d float glass furnace flue gas denitration project burning heavy oil, compares the several kinds of SCR denitration arrangement, and through the comprehensive consideration of the existing waste heat boiler influence de-gree, difficulty of construction and operation cost, finally chose the reasonable scheme adapted to the site. Final plan for small impact on the waste heat boiler thermal efficiency, at the same time as a relatively independent technology system don't need to waste heat boiler too much renovation and determined to be added the high temperature SCR in front of the waste heat boiler.


Statistics is important and relevant to many college subjects. Coincidently, it is common for students to dislike and under-perform in modules involving mathematics, numeracy or statistics. In order to address these issues the project brought together a statistician, a clinician and educational experts to redesign the way that statistics is taught to medical undergraduates, making it more relevant to them. It re-conceptualized the syllabus, focusing on developing different methods of delivery, including a web-based learning environment which allowed students to access materials at levels consistent with their current understanding. The new teaching materials, including videos, animations and the online resource, placed greater emphasis on applying statistics and interpreting data. This innovative approach enabled the project to make the teaching, learning and understanding of statistics more people-centred and relevant.


During the first thirty-three years of his reign as king of the Franks, i.e., prior to his coronation as emperor on Christmas day 800, Charlemagne, scholars generally agree, pursued a successful long-term offensive and expansionist strategy. This strategy was aimed at conquering large
 swaths of erstwhile imperial territory in the west and bringing under Carolingian rule a wide variety of peoples, who either themselves or their regional predecessors previously had not been subject to Frankish regnum.1 For a very long time, scholars took the position that
 Charlemagne continued to pursue this expansionist strategy throughout the imperial years, i.e., from his coronation on Christmas Day 800 until his final illness in later January 814. For example, Louis Halphen observed: "comme empereur, Charles poursuit, sans plus, l'oeuvre entamée
 avant l'an 800."2 F. L. Ganshof, who also wrote several studies treating Charlemagne's army, was in lock step with Halphen and observed: "As emperor, Charlemagne pursued the political and military course he had been following before 25 December 800."3


The education accountability system is the institutional system in which governments legislate to establish the responsibilities and rights of all parties involved in educational activities, the responsibility object interprets, describes and proves the responsibility subject, the incentive measures attached.In practice, it shows the effect of duality, the nature of all dimensions, the form of pluralism, the content of universality, the result of diversity and other basic characteristics.On its structure, it is the organic system including elements such as the subject of accountability, the object of accountability, the scope of accountability, the accountability procedure, the accountability mode and the accountability consequence.


An integration of a natural biodegradation half-life model and oil toxicity model has resulted in a precise, fine-tuned science-based technology for evaluating success of bioremediation strategies, particularly for crude oil-contaminated soil. By extension, this mathematical tool can be applied for impact assessment of crude oil on land at a given time. This Methods paper focuses on both the use of diazotrophic bacteria in evaluating toxicity of a given crude oil and natural biodegradation half-life of the petroleum hydrocarbon in the given ecosystem, the ultimate goal being the development of a diagnostic tool for best decision making in the allocation of limited financial resources and best options for bioremediation strategies.


This paper's aim is, by bibliographical research, to compare three distinct theories of justice: utilitarianism, Ronald Dworkin's resources egalitarianism and Amartya Sen's capabilities approach. We determined the insufficiency of utilitarianism's perspective because it obscures the plurality contained in the complex human values, it neglects the role of agency in moral and ethics and it relies in a blindly calculating methodology. Dwokin in resources egalitarianism encompasses a test to assert the equity of resources distribution between people belonging to a society. Sen creates a theory focused in people's capabilities to live the life they value, transferring the focus from the means to the ends. We conclude that the resources and capabilities dimensions should be reciprocally explored in each of these authors, in order to avoid the negligence to those factors that influence the conversion of income in quality of life and to push away the risks of the consolidation of a paternalistic State.


A tubular nanofiber membrane module is developed and tested in the seawater desalination by using air-gap membrane desalination (AGMD). Meltblowing device is used to produce the nanofibers which are collected at a distance of 37 cm away from the tip of the spinneret. Results show that the flux varies almost constantly with the feed flow rates. The independence of the flux on the feed flow rates suggested that the meltblown nanofiber membrane is a dense membrane in which the volume of pores has been reduced and compacted significantly. The flux increases exponentially with the feed temperatures which obeys the Arrhenius relation. The quality of permeate is essentially improved by using the compacted nanofiber membrane. The rejection of the dissolved salts is more than 99.3%, in which the conductivity values of permeate ranged between 8 and 50 μS/cm.


We model the new quantitative aspects of market risk management for banks that Basel established in 2016 and came into effect in January 2019. Market risk is measured by Conditional Value at Risk (CVaR) or Expected Shortfall at a confidence level of 97.5%. The regulatory backtest remains largely based on 99% VaR. As additional statistical procedures, in line with the Basel recommendations, supplementary VaR and CVaR backtests must be performed at different confidence levels. We apply these tests to various parametric distributions and use non-parametric measures of CVaR, including CVaR- and CVaR+ to supplement the modelling validation. Our data relate to a period of extreme market turbulence. After testing eight parametric distributions with these data, we find that the information obtained on their empirical performance is closely tied to the backtesting conclusions regarding the competing models.


The article analyzes the methodology of professional critical analysis of dance art work and outlines the prospects of development of this vector of choreological activities. The purpose of the article is a goal-oriented description of methods of professional analysis of choreographic works in the context of habit training of choreographers' critical thinking. The methods used are as follows: method of synthesis, systematic approach, method of structural analysis, method of analysis of musical content, analysis of the specific character of audience perception, analysis of semiotic components of the work, analysis of the dialectic of a choreographic text. The criteria for the analysis of choreographic works can be worked out through the use of innovative technologies. it is possible to make additional arguments based on the experience of mathematical, music and linguistic methodology. The combination of innovative technologies with techniques that consider the quantitative and qualitative indicators of dance, allows the analysis of a choreographic work to move to a new more evidence-based level. Further development of this applied research issue can be aimed at improving the theoretical apparatus of the proposed innovative methods, or the development of new techniques based on technical developments in the field of GPS-devices.


In this article we characterize the subcategory $\Omega^{\infty}(\mod A)$ for algebras of $\Omega^{n}$-finite representation type. As a consequence, we charaterize when a truncated path algebra is a Co-Gorenstein algebra in terms of its associated quiver. We also study the behaviour of Artin algebras of $\Omega^{\infty}$-infinite representation type. Finally, it is presented an example of a non Gorenstein algebra of $\Omega^{\infty}$-infinite representation type and an example of a finite dimensional algebra with infinite $\phi$-dimension.


Ultra High Voltage(UHV) transmission tower has new structure and bigger size than towers in lower voltage level.Some experience of tower construction can not meet the need of UHV construction.In order to overcome the lack of construction experience and academic research,the construction load's affect on the built-up structures was researched,taking the cup-tower in the 1000kV UHV Alternating Current(AC) transmission pilot project,from South Shanxi province to Jinmen via Nanyang as research object,a numerical simulation method was applied to make a finite element analysis on the construction technics,such as internal load of tower body sheet at the moment of being picked up and installation method of mid-overhanging with large mass and edge overhanging structure.Reseaech result indicates that,the tower body sheet should be reinforced when lifting off;it is better to fit the mid-overhanging by frontal piece and back piece;edge overhanging structure can be installed via cross arms and bracket of earthing wire.Some advice was made to reinforce local structure.The numerical simulation on construction of transmission tower can make up the lack of construction experience,and the simulation result provides construction with feasible advice.


In this paper, the statistic and analysis were made about the salt flora in Hebei Province from two levels, families and genus. The results showed 1.The number of the salt plants is up to 91 species in Hebei Province, which belonged to 62 genera and 25 families. 2. The flora is basically temperate in nature. 3. There were no endemic elements.


Additional sex attractant material was obtained from virgin females of the introduced pine sawfly, Diprion similis (Hartig), by trapping the volatile fraction. Though amounts were small, activity of males in field bioassays indicated attractancy with as little as 3 sawfly-equivalenthours before purification. Details of the trapping apparatus are provided.


Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is one of the most difficult diseases to treat that I encounter in my practice. The disease most frequently affects young


The second is currently defined by the microwave transition in cesium atoms. Optical clocks offer the prospects of stabilities and reproducibilities that exceed those of cesium. This paper reviews the progress in frequency standards based on optical transitions, recommended by International Committee for Weights and Measures, as a secondary representation of the second. The operation of these standards is briefly described and factors affecting stability and accuracy of these and some new optical clocks are discussed. Keywords—atomic clocks, atomic time scale, optical frequency standards.


BACKGROUND: Intraoperative hypotension (IOH) is strongly linked to organ system injuries and postoperative death. Blood pressure itself is a powerful predictor of IOH; however, it is unclear which pressures carry the lowest risk and may be leveraged to prevent subsequent hypotension. Our objective was to develop a model that predicts, before surgery and according to a patient's unique characteristics, which intraoperative mean arterial pressures (MAPs) between 65 and 100 mm Hg have a low risk of IOH, defined as an MAP <65 mm Hg, and may serve as testable hemodynamic targets to prevent IOH. METHODS: Adult, noncardiac surgeries under general anesthesia at 2 tertiary care hospitals of the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center were divided into training and validation cohorts, then assigned into smaller subgroups according to preoperative risk factors. Primary outcome was hypotension risk, defined for each intraoperative MAP value from 65 to 100 mm Hg as the proportion of a value's total measurements followed by at least 1 MAP <65 mm Hg within 5 or 10 minutes, and calculated for all values in each subgroup. Five models depicting MAP-associated IOH risk were compared according to best fit across subgroups with proportions whose confidence interval was <0.05. For the best fitting model, (1) performance was validated, (2) low-risk MAP targets were identified according to applied benchmarks, and (3) preoperative risk factors were evaluated as predictors of model parameters. RESULTS: A total of 166,091 surgeries were included, with 121,032 and 45,059 surgeries containing 5.4 million and 1.9 million MAP measurements included in the training and validation sets, respectively. Thirty-six subgroups with at least 21 eligible proportions (confidence interval <0.05) were identified, representing 92% and 94% of available MAP measurements, respectively. The exponential with theta constant model demonstrated the best fit (weighted sum of squared error 0.0005), and the mean squared error of hypotension risk per MAP did not exceed 0.01% in validation testing. MAP targets ranged between 69 and 90 mm Hg depending on the subgroup and benchmark used. Increased age, higher American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status, and female sexindependently predicted (P < .05) hypotension risk curves with less rapid decay and higher plateaus. CONCLUSIONS: We demonstrate that IOH risk specific to a given MAP is patient-dependent, but predictable before surgery. Our model can identify intraoperative MAP targets before surgery predicted to reduce a patient's exposure to IOH, potentially allowing clinicians to develop more personalized approaches for managing hemodynamics.


The new direction taken by the Common Agricultural Policy towards rural development, originating in the year 1992, was strengthened in the Agenda 2000 and re-intensified with the CAP reform 2003. Austrian agriculture followed this track very early and intensively, explainable because of the natural conditions and agricultural structures. Here Austria differs considerably from other Iron Curtain reference areas. Therefore the CAP reform will not have such new and strong effects as in the other parts of the reference areas of the EU 5 framework project IRON CURTAIN in Germany, Czech Republic, Hungary or Greece. The CAP implementation provides not only a large number of options to Member States but also many exceptions including a phasing-in schedule over several years. The evaluation of agricultural functions in the reference area Austria/Hungary shows the broad context in which the agriculture already contributes to rural development from a comprehensive point of view (environment, tourism) upon which the region's sustainable development can be based. But it also shows a number of deficits in different communities, which indicate the required priorities for measures if the situation should be improved as elaborated in the scenarios for the reference areas in the IRON CURTAIN project (see also: www.ironcurtainproject.com).


This chapter argues for and explores the thesis that individual motives are not collectively mitigating (justifying or excusing) unless they are individually mitigating. If the individual members are not justified or excused by certain motives then a society is neither exonerated from the charge of injustice, nor is it thereby rendered less blameworthy (more excused). It is important to be clear about the relations between excuse and justification on the individual level on one hand and on the social level on the other. Social justice is a moral standard for societies and, strictly speaking, not for individuals. An individual cannot be characterized by any distribution of social goods or any institutional arrangement, and these are among the sorts of things that are assessed by standards of social justice. Requirements of social justice morally require things of societies as such. Still, whether a society meets standards of justice will depend at least partly on how the society's members act.


. We consider branching random processes with immigration starting from a random number of items. In this work, we provide estimates from above for the moments of such processes.


To evaluate the effects of groundwater withdrawals within the Mississippi River Valley alluvial aquifer of northeastern Arkansas, three hypothetical scenarios were simulated for three different withdrawal rates and distributions for the period 1918-2050. These scenarios were simulated, in part, to allow assessment of the role that pumping in Jackson and Woodruff Counties has on water levels and flow rates into and out of the cone of depression located along the western side of Crowleys Ridge. In scenario 1 (the baseline scenario), the 2005 pumping rate is applied from 2005 through 2050 without change. In scenario 2, pumping is the same as in scenario 1 except that the pumping rate in Jefferson and Woodruff Counties is specified as zero from 1998 to 2050. In scenario 3, pumping is the same as in scenario 1 except that the pumping rate in Jefferson and Woodruff Counties is specified as half the rate specified for stress periods from 1998 to 2050. Water-level contours are presented for each of the scenarios at various simulation times noted in days from the start of the simulation, beneath the clock in the upper righthand corner. Each tick of the clock represents 5 years. In addition, particle tracks are plotted in red, beginning at various starting locations (black dots) distributed throughout the model area. Note that some particle tracks are deflected from their initial trajectories as cones of depression develop with time and as withdrawals increase.


Abstract Avalanche warnings can provide a valuable public service. To be effective, the warning program must inspire public confidence. Experience gained from the Colorado Avalanche Warning Program is used to develop guidelines for establishing and maintaining credibility. The topics discussed arc the requirements for a good forecaster, the working relationship between forecaster and field observers, relations with the news media and the public, and forecast accuracy.


Public and official support, including financial assistance, is currently directed at education. Now is the time for educators to move, says this writer, who offers some suggestions for action.


The study included the use of Aspergillus niger filtrate for the biosynthesis of gold nanoparticles (GNPs) using a reducing medium designed for this purpose. The synthesis of Nanoparticles was verified by means of detections by spectrophotometry, X-ray diffraction, FTIR, and scanning electron microscopy. Nanoparticles were used to inhibit pathogenic bacteria obtained from urinary infections patients, and they included Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus by poisoning the nutrient medium and drilling method. It was also verified that there are no toxins accompanying the biosynthesis of these nanoparticles by the ammonia method. The detections of characterization of GNPs confirmed that the particles were synthesized in spherical, oval, and crystalline shapes with sizes ranging from a few nanometers to 500 nanometers, and they gave a light absorption band at the wavelength of 520 nanometers. Concerning the effect of GNPs on pathogenic bacteria, the method of poisoning the media confirmed that the 15% concentration was significantly effective against the three bacterial species, as it gave the lowest diameter of colony growth (1.1, 1.6, 2.3) cm for Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus respectively. As for the drilling method, it also showed a high significant ability of 15% concentration to inhibit the tested bacteria by measuring the inhibition zone, which gave an area of (5.1, 5.4,6) cm for Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus respectively, with regard to the toxicity test, the study showed that the isolate used in the synthesis does not produce toxins, which confirms its suitability and dependence in the biosynthesis of nanoparticles.


Insulin resistance is a pathological condition associated with the inability of target tissues to insulin response. Bay leaf (Eugenia polyantha Wight) extract has been used for the treatment of insulin-resistant type-2 diabetes mellitus (IRDM), but it has low solubility and bioavailability. To overcome these problems, chloroform extract of bay leaves was formulated into a self-micro emulsifying drug delivery system (SMEDDS) using virgin coconut oil (VCO) as a carrier oil. This study aims to generate a micro-herbal medicine and to determine the effect of a micro-herbal, derived from bay leaves, as an anti-IRDM agent. Homogeneous formulations were evaluated for extract loading, emulsification time, size, size distribution, and the polydispersity index of the nano-emulsion droplets. In addition, their anti-IRDM activities were investigated on insulin-resistant rats using extracts, SMEDDS, metformin, negative control, and normal groups. Each group consisted of five randomly selected male Wistar rats. Blood cholesterol levels were measured at 0, 80, and 95 days. Data were analyzed by using ANOVA. The results showed that the optimum SMEDDS formula was tween 80: PEG 400: VCO (48%:32%:20%) in a total volume of 5 mL. It has less than 1-minute emulsification time with an average 141.4 μm of droplet size and 0.254 of polydispersity index. Morphological observation revealed that the microemulsion particles were spherical and stable in a variety of pH media. The hypoglycemic effects of singledose metformin, SMEDDS, and the combination of a half dose of SMEEDS with metformin were 28.3%, 15.6%, and 34.6%, respectively. The combination of a half dose of SMEDDS (91.75 mg/kg BW) and a half dose of metformin (22.5 mg/kg BW) provides the best anti-diabetic activity of bay leaves micro-herbal.


1 The effects induced in rats on naloxone‐precipitated morphine withdrawal syndrome by the new mixed inhibitor of enkephalin catabolism able to cross the blood‐brain barrier RB 101 (N‐{(R,S)‐2‐benzyl‐3[(S)(2‐amino‐4‐methylthio)butyl dithio]‐1‐ox‐opropyl‐l‐phenylalanine benzyl ester) given alone or associated with the selective CCKB antagonist, PD‐134,308, were investigated. 2 The systemic administration of RB 101 (5, 10 and 20 mg kg−1, i.v.) elicited a significant decrease in 8 of the 14 withdrawal signs evaluated. PD‐134,308 (3 mg kg−1, i.p.) did not modify the expression of morphine abstinence when given alone, but induced a strong facilitation of RB 101 responses (12 of 14 withdrawal signs were decreased). This potentiation was particularly intense in peripherally mediated withdrawal signs. 3 In order to clarify the biochemical mechanisms implicated in these responses, the effects induced by the association of RB 101 and PD‐134,308 on the occupation of brain opioid receptors by endogenous enkephalins were also investigated in mice. PD‐134,308, as well as RB 101, inhibited [3H]‐diprenorphine binding to opioid receptors. These results suggest that an increase in endogenous enkephalin levels induced by PD‐134,308 could participate in the facilitation of RB 101 behavioural responses. 4 RB 101 has a promising potential role in the management of the opiate withdrawal syndrome. CCKB antagonists, such as PD‐134,308 may be useful in potentiating this anti‐withdrawal effect.


The present invention relates to a CRDS principle-based gas concentration measurement system of a continuously adjustable laser light source. The CRDS principle-based gas concentration measurement system comprises light path portion devices and electric circuit portion devices, wherein the light path portion devices comprise a laser, a light isolator, a light collimator, a wavemeter, and an optical passive cavity, and the electric circuit portion devices comprise a photoelectric detector, a control circuit, a PZT cavity length modulator, a high-speed data acquisition card and a computer. According to the present invention, the light in the one polarization direction is only utilized to detect, the connection with the light collimator adopts the polarization maintaining optical fiber connection, the light isolator in the system is eliminated, and the good polarization laser light beam can be obtained; the problem that the S component and the P component have different resonance frequencies in the annular cavity so as not to achieve the concurrent resonance is solved; a lot of the devices having the polarization beam splitting adjusting function are simplified and eliminated, and the light energy utilization rate of the laser is improved; and the on/off function of the laser is achieved through the current tuning so as to eliminate the AOM and the related control systems.


The magnitude 9.0 earthquake struck Japan's main island in March 2011. The need for strong homes and buildings came also to the fore in the wake of the recent earthquakes like the magnitude 6.3 earthquakes that attacked Christchurch, New Zealand and China. Many of unreinforced masonry structure are prone to failure when subjected to overstress caused by earthquake or tornado. Conventional strengthening takes cost, long application time and adds more weight to the structure. For the past decades, FRP composites have been successfully used to strengthen masonry structure. A previous study conducted at North Carolina State University on the strengthening of infill masonry walls with FRP indicated that the type of anchorage system has a strong influence on the overall performance of the FRP strengthening system [1]. This study intends to explore various anchorage systems to determine which are effective in terms of increased load carrying capacity and ductility. Strengthened system with a new type of FRP, PET (Polyethylene Terephthalate), and GFRP are proposed for the experimental program. These two types of FRP are anchored to the supporting members using five different types of anchorage: overlap, shear restraint anchorage, wrapping around an embedded FRP bar, FRP anchor bolts, FRP shear keys, and Near Surface Mounted Bars.


and respiratory cutrves was in these normal iindividuals preponderantly regular. Individuals with many galvanie reactions tended to show a low electrical resistance; but low resistance, on the other hand, -as not found to be necessarily indicative of a high frequency of responses nor of special emotional characteristics. Variations of the resting current showed no consistent correlation with emotional traits of the individuals experimented on. C. S. R.


Vector tracking loop well solved the problem that it is hard to track traditional scalar loop in high dynamic. But under the condition that a priori information is not accurate,vector tracking loop also has tracking unstable defect. to overcome this defect,a vector tracking loop based on adaptive second Kalman filter was proposed. This loop can not only maintain a stable tracking,but also improve the tracking accuracy through fading factor adaptively and adjusting the Kalman gain matrix. Finally,a software simulation of high dynamic defined by the jet propulsion laboratory in the United States was made. The simulation results show that this loop has the advantages of higher accuracy and higher stability than the traditional scalar loop and vector tracking loop.


Highly porous Co3O4 ultrathin nanosheets were synthesized by a facile two-step approach, including a hydrothermal technique without any surfactant and subsequent calcination of the precursor. The as-synthesized materials belonged to the cubic spinel Co3O4 phase according to X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy; and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller measurements showed that the surface area was about 97.2 m2 g−1. Owing to the unique porous ultrathin structural features, the pseudocapacitor capacitance of porous nanosheets was as high as 378 F g−1 at a current density of 1 A g−1, and the cycling stability remained about 78.5% after 2000 cycles. In addition, the porous Co3O4 ultrathin nanosheets based sensor exhibited good sensitivity and selectivity to ethanol. These results demonstrated that the porous Co3O4 ultrathin nanosheets were excellent candidates for electrochemical supercapacitor devices and ideal gas-sensor to ethanol.


A1044 JESOCI, Volume 4, Abstract Supplement, 2020 revealed signs of left ventricular failure, with a normal blood pressure and heart rate. A transthoracic echocardiogram (TTE) revealed dilated left ventricle with severe global hypokinesis and a left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) of 15%. A CTPA performed to exclude pulmonary embolism revealed an incidental right sided adrenal lesion measuring 3.9 X 3.4 X 3.7 cm. Subsequently a dedicated abdominal CT confirmed the adrenal lesion. Biochemistry revealed elevated 24 hour urine catecholamines and metanephrines and an elevated plasma metanephrines. Subsequently he proceeded to have adrenalectomy. Preoperatively the patient was managed with alpha and beta blocking agents for 3 weeks prior to surgery. Postoperative course was uneventful and histopathology confirmed right sided phaeochromocytoma. TTE performed 12 months post-operatively showed a significant improvement in his LVEF to 40 % with subsequent TTE showing maintenance of LVEF. This case demonstrates highlights the unusual presentations of phaeochromocytomas and that early recognition and early intervention with surgery is the key to recovery to avoid catastrophic cardiac events.1. Chiang YL, Chen PC, Lee CC, et al. Adrenal pheochromocytoma presenting with Takotsubo-pattern cardiomyopathy and acute heart failure: A case report and literature review. Medicine (Baltimore)2016;95(36):e4846. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000004846 [published Online First: 2016/09/08]


The Christian Church (hereafter known simply as the Church) in Kenya as is the case with their counterparts in other parts of Africa is being called upon to play an increasing role in nation-building and economic and social development. Unfortunately the Church must operate within an environment that is characterized by relatively high levels of poverty political instability destructive ethnic conflicts crime and violence disease and famine and corruption. Today Kenyans are struggling to improve their living conditions through more efficient and effective use of their scarce resources and prepare for the new century. In recent years Kenyans have made significant strides in reforming their political institutions. Since the late 1980s the country has introduced multiparty democracy and is currently engaged in a structural adjustment program (SAP) that is designed to improve macroeconomic performance. The purpose of this paper is not to provide readers with an exhaustive examination of the role of the Church in Kenyan development. We intend simply to provide a general overview of the role of the Church in preparing Kenya and Kenyans for the new century. (excerpt)


This paper focuses on the identification of hidden lines and junctions from natural sketches of drawings that exhibit an extended-trihedral geometry. Identification of hidden lines and junctions is essential in the creation of a complete 3D model of the sketched object, allowing the interpretation algorithms to infer what the unsketched back of the object should look like. This approach first labels the sketched visible edges of the object with a geometric edge label, obtaining a labelled junction at each of the visible junctions of the object. Using a dictionary of junctions with visible and hidden edges, these labelled visible junctions are then used to deduce the edge interpretation and orientation of some of the hidden edges. A genetic algorithm is used to combine these hidden edges into hidden junctions, evolving the representation of the hidden edges and junctions until a feasible hidden view representation of the object is obtained.


CASE DESCRIPTION The primary subject matter of this case concerns changing trends within the chiropractic industry in which the Segmentation-Targeting-Positioning (STP) process becomes the main emphasis for understanding consumer behavior as well as assessing markets. Secondary issues examined include: competitive advantage, differentiation, social trends, and consumer behavior. The case has a difficulty level appropriate for senior level. The case is designed to be taught in two (2) class hours and is expected to require three (3) hours of outside preparation by students. CASE SYNOPSIS In January 2008, Roseville Chiropractic changed its name to Roseville Family Chiropractic (RFC) to provide a more family-oriented chiropractic and health wellness appeal in an uprising, metropolitan area of Sacramento, California. Being in practice for close to 10 years, RFC's stifling growth brought about a need for rethinking the marketing strategy. High volumes of competition are beginning to encroach on the market and RFC is in need of differentiating its services in order to secure their market share. Kevin Sherwood, RFC's current Director of Marketing, is looking to discover the environmental and behavioral changes of its consumers as well as identify potential target markets for future sustainability. Based on the researched information, he is expected to recommend segmentation, positioning, and communication strategies to the partners of the practice. The following case study provides a thorough look for discussion of the chiropractic industry, a niche, but fragmented industry that is interesting to explore. It emphasizes and explores STP concepts that are essential for entrepreneurial and marketing students to understand in order to be competitive in today's markets. This study includes the major marketing concepts arising within study today, such as: consumer behavior and social trends among different generations, traditional marketing converging on digital and social networking techniques, the need for strategic repositioning to attract new markets, and the development of differentiating elements in order to assist in sustaining market share. INTRODUCTION Kevin Sherwood has been assisting his wife, Jennifer Cox, with her chiropractic practice doing various tasks from marketing to management for just as long as it has been in operation. In January 2008, one of the practitioners left the practice, leaving only Dr. Jennifer Cox and Dr. JuIi Rodrigues as the lead chiropractors available for patient care. This was not the first time that a practitioner had left the practice. Practitioners have come and gone over the years after bringing in their own marketing strategies custom for their target markets, building a patient clientele, and eventually leaving with that clientele and marketing base. Frustration, inefficiencies, and loss of revenue continued to build with a negative aura among the staff and confusion among the patients as to the type of services that were offered in the practice. Luckily, both practitioners saw eye-to-eye on everything as far as the practice was concerned. They agreed after the last practitioner left, it should be only themselves in the partnership and re-branding of the practice. However, both practitioners also agreed they needed Kevin's help to build-up their practice after the last practitioner left. (Sherwood, 2009) The business Kevin's wife had worked so hard on for so many years now seemed to have limitless opportunities and possibilities. Knowing she would need more assistance in developing the practice in order to stay competitive, as well as re-build the patient-base, Kevin decided it was time to come on-board permanently as the practice's Marketing Director. With a background in real estate, Kevin knew the basics of marketing to gain respective sales and clientele. When he started working for the practice, he began to do a number of tasks from suggesting new ways to increase productivity and visibility to developing a general marketing strategy for the practice. …


The suicide of people in age school is a serious problem in Aguascalientes, Mexico; That also increases year after year. This work shows an analysis using typical testors, obtained from a database where symptoms related to nervousness are analyzed. The results show how the level of overcrowding influences the presence of symptoms related to nervousness; symptoms that influence the decision to commit suicide. This study shows that people who committed suicide are not able to recognize and / or manifest symptoms associated with nervousness. This work was carried out using a database provided by the department of psychology of the Autonomous University of Aguascalientes, obtained typical testers and the informational weight of the variables from that database; getting with this contingency tables of the variables associated with a typical testor


BSA and lysozyme molecular motion at pH 7.15 is buffer-specific. Adsorption of buffer ions on protein surfaces modulates the protein surface charge and thus protein-protein interactions. Interactions were estimated by means of the interaction parameter kD obtained from plots of diffusion coefficients at different protein concentrations (Dapp = D0[1 + kDCprotein]) via dynamic light scattering and nuclear magnetic resonance. The obtained results agree with recent findings confirming doubts regarding the validity of the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation, which has traditionally provided a basis for understanding pH buffers of primary importance in solution chemistry, electrochemistry, and biochemistry.


CooA (CO oxidation activator) is a CO‐sensing transcription factor that is a member of the cyclic AMP receptor protein/fumarate and nitrate reductase regulatory protein (CRP/FNR) superfamily. The CO‐sensing function of CooA is carried out by a heme cofactor: the heme can be reduced from Fe(III) to Fe(II) under anaerobic conditions, and binding of CO to Fe(II) heme results in allosteric activation of DNA binding activity. While crystal structures of CooA in both active and inactive states exist, there is no clear consensus on how the signal of CO binding propagates from the regulatory domain to the DNA binding domain. Growing evidence supports the notion that dynamics, in addition to structure, plays a crucial role in allosteric regulation. In CRP, NMR experiments highlighted the importance of entropy‐driven dynamics in effector‐mediated allostery. To understand the role of dynamics in propagating the effector‐binding signal in CooA, we employed site‐directed spin label electron paramagnetic resonance (SDSL‐EPR) spectroscopy. Through site‐directed mutagenesis of a fully active protein missing four native Cys residues, we reintroduced Cys residues in key locations for attachment of spin labels: the surface of the heme domain (K26C), the top of the 4/5 loop (E60C), the domain‐linking hinge (F132C, D134C) and the end of the DNA‐binding helix (S175C). All variants exhibited heme characteristics, and most exhibited CO‐dependent DNA binding affinities, nearly identical to those of wild‐type CooA. The variant F132C, missing a phenyl ring believed to make a key allosteric contact with the DNA‐binding helix, exhibits weak, constitutive DNA binding. Multicomponent signals were observed in EPR spectra of all Fe(III) variants labelled with the nitroxide probes MTSL and MAL‐6. EPR spectra of these probes are sensitive to variations on the nanosecond timescale, consistent with large‐scale motions of entire protein domains, and report the same multiplicity of dynamic populations. The presence of multicomponent signals that are responsive to osmolytes implicate multiple dynamic populations that arise from different local conformational states. The relative intensities of the component signals varied with the site of label attachment, demonstrating that local dynamics vary as a function of position in the CooA protein. These observations suggest that interconversion among different dynamic populations may play a role in the allosteric mechanism of signal transduction in CooA.


ABSTRACT The complete mandible of the brachauchenine thalassophonean pliosaurid Kronosaurus queenslandicus Longman, 1924, is described for the first time from specimen KK F0630, discovered from the late Albian Allaru Mudstone, Rolling Downs Group, near Julia Creek, northwest Queensland. Previously undescribed anatomy results in several new features used to diagnose the taxon, including a mandibular symphysis exhibiting lateral embayments to accommodate overhanging premaxillary fangs and severe postsymphysis dentary constriction carrying embayments to accommodate large overhanging maxillary fangs. The presence of these embayments in specific areas on the lateral surface of the dentary and medial surface of the coronoid is a reflection of strongly developed anisodont dentition. The extension of a ventral dentary lamina posterior to a dorsal dentary lamina on the posterior margin of the dentary may represent a new character differentiating K. queenslandicus from K. boyacensis. Several differences are present between the mandible of KK F0630 and a previous composite reconstruction of the mandible of K. queenslandicus. The presence of six and a half pairs of functional alveoli within the mandibular symphysis in KK F0630 refutes prior research suggesting that K. queenslandicus bore three to four pairs of functional alveoli within the mandibular symphysis. A pathology exhibiting elongate grooves on the ventral surface of the right dentary is interpreted as a healed injury inflicted from the bite of a cretoxyrhinid lamniform shark. The discovery of KK F0630 further supports the notion that the late Albian Toolebuc Formation and Allaru Mudstone share similar fossil faunas.


NO, NO. You gotta put them on with handles straight off to the right. See. Like this... Monologue From Suzy N NO. You gotta put them on with handles straight off to the right. See. Like this. "All right. You're doing fine. Now don't mind if my voice is hard. All I mean is that I want things done exactly right. I've been a waitress for nearly thirty years, and I've learned some real ways to do what you have t'do. "Now look, girlie, it's time for the tomato juice. Take this pitcher and fill them right up to about here. Don't give no more than that because the management won't like it. You know how they are. "When they come in we'll start putting the butter and the salads on. Then the minute they sit down we'll bring in the dinner—it's chicken—for them. "After they're seated, girlie—what's your name? I keep forgetting—after they're seated you pass the crackers for the juice. They'd rather have you passing crackers than me. Go 'round the table to the right, and stop on everybody's left side. "These men tonight are my own special boys. I've been serving this same dinner to them for years and years. Big insurance men, you know. They always call me Suzy. I wonder what they'll do when I'm not here anymore. "Now don't forget to smile. My boys like to see happy waitresses. And do you think you've got enough rouge on? Here, let's see. Well, I guess that'll do. Think you can carry eight plates on one tray? Don't overload. It doesn't look ladylike to come in stumbling under a big load. That's why they always ask for me. I always try to look ladylike. "I wonder where the boys are. They aren't usually this late. Oh, it's only six. I guess I forget the time real easily lately. "What do I do when I go home? Well, I stretch out first and let my legs relax. Then I fix my hair and tell my big cat all about what happened. Then I put all my earnings down in my little account book, including all the tips. "He's a big tomcat with the deepest eyes. Sometimes he lets me talk to him. But sometimes he's bored." R u t h Hackett, H. Ec., Sr.


The Sechium P. Br. genus composed of 11 species, which originated from the mountainous regions of Mesoamerica, have been domesticated and diversified. These species are clustered in two large groups: the Mexican clade and the Central American clade. Morphological and molecular studies have shown that species of the Mexican clade are formed through interspecific hybridizations and genetic flow, with the exception of S. mexicanum, which is strongly linked to the genus Sicyos. The objective of this review was to analyze the phylogenetics of Sechium based on morphological and molecular studies, which contributed to taxonomic knowledge and utilization, thereby favoring its conservation and improvement. The Central American clade is well supported with molecular data, but not so with morphological data. The species in this clade were geographically isolated and endemic. S. edule and S. tacaco are exploited species in the agricultural and industrial sectors, and both have an extensive genetic and phenotypic diversity that has allowed them to diversify and expand into different ecological niches. Finally, the Central American species of Sechium thrive in adverse environments of temperatures of mesophyll forest and high relative humidity, with characteristics that can give resistance to frosts and phytopathogenic agents, as well as cultivated species of this genus.


The aim of this study was to investigate the potential protective effect of tetramethylpyrazine (TMP), one of available blood-activating and stasis-eliminating components from traditional Chinese medicines, on glutamate-induced neurotoxicity in mice and its possible mechanism. Mice, except for controls, received simultaneously intragastric (ig) administration of monosodium glutamate [MSG, 4.0 g/(kg·d)] or/and intraperitoneal (ip) administration of TMP [10, 20, 40 mg/(kg·d)] for 10 d, and then behavioral tests, as well as histopathological and immunohistochemical examination of hippocampi were performed to analyze the glutamate-induced functional and morphological changes and the possible protective effect of TMP. The results showed that ip administration of TMP countered the effects of ig administration of MSG on behavior and histopathology, suggesting that TMP was a neuroprotective agent. This study provides evidence that TMP possesses obviously neuroprotection against glutamate-induced neurotoxicity, and the neuroprotection effect may result from its inhibiting expression of NMDARs, consequently blocking-up Ca2+ influx through the receptor's associated ion channel, which can be neurotoxic.


Accident management can be defined as the innovative use of existing and or alternative resources, systems, and actions to prevent or mitigate a severe accident. A significant number of probabilistic safety assessments (PSAs) have been completed that yield the principal plant vulnerabilities. These vulnerabilities can be categorized as (1) dominant sequences with respect to core-melt frequency. (2) dominant sequences with respect to various risk measures. (3) dominant threats that challenge safety functions. (4) dominant threats with respect to failure of safety systems. For each sequence/threat and each combination of strategy, there may be several options available to the operator. Each strategy/option involves phenomenological and operational considerations regarding uncertainty. These considerations include uncertainties in key phenomena, operator behavior, system availability and behavior, and available information. This paper presents a methodology for assessing severe accident management strategies given the key uncertainties delineated at two workshops held at the University of California, Los Angeles. Based on decision trees and influence diagrams, the methodology is currently being applied to two case studies: cavity flooding in a pressurized water reactor (PWR) to prevent vessel penetration or failure, and drywell flooding in a boiling water reactor to prevent vessel and/or containment failure.


In the Hypothesis-Experiment-Instruction (HEI) method students are presented with a problem with three or four answer alternatives, which leads them later to recognize the distribution of choices, discuss a variety of ideas among them, and integrate distributed pieces of information. This study examined the effects of presenting a problem with or without answer alternatives on the deployment and products of group discussion in the case of adding fractions with different denominators. Fourthand fifth-grade students (n=289) were assigned ass by class to either Group With Alternatives or Group Without t...Lernatives. Results showed no significant difference betwee'l ,he two groups on a post test. Researchers surmised that group discussion beginning with presenting a problem with answer alternatives may be effective for discussion among a few competing but equally plausible ideas, but not effective for discussion in the situation where the correct,answer can easily be recognized by excluding other implausible alternatives. (MKR) Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. t o: : :1 :o A: u:: It In; 1 . San Francisco. April 1995 Construction of Mathematical Knowledge through the Whole Class Discussion : Effects of Presenting a Problem with Answer Alternatives Eiji Morita and Kayoko Inagaki (Osaka Kyoiku University) (Chiba University) Considering that a group as a whole has a richer data base than any of its members, it is likely that more varied interpretations can be offered and more convincing and less uiased pieces of evidence can be presented jointly than individually. It is thus important to develop instructional proc3dures inducing lively group discussion through which students collect and coordinate relevant pieces of information distributed among them. The Hypothesis-Experiment-Instruction method (HEI method, hereafter), originally devised as a method for science education (ltakura, 1971), seems to represent a prototype of such procedures. In this method students are presented with a problem with three or four answer alternatives, which leads them later to recognize the distribution of choices, to discuss a variety of ideas among them, and to integrate distributed pieces of information, by engaging in spontaneous and flexible division of labor based on partisan as well as epistemic motivation (Hatano and lnagaki, 1991). Does a similar procedure, that is, presenting a problem with answer alternatives at the beginning, work in mathematics learning? Whereas in science alternative ideas can be quite many in number because students are likely to propose their ideas based on any direct or indirect experience, in mathematics the number of alternative ideas would be limited because they are derived primarily through inference from a few given premises. Thus in the present study we examined effects of presenting a problem with or without answer alternatives on the deployment and products of group discussion in the case of adding fractions with different


Tetrahydroisoquinolines ('THIQ') which contain a B ring that is reduced at the C1-C2 and C3-C4 positions are known to be key biosynthetic precursors to many naturally occurring alkaloids. The enantioselective synthesis of each of the enantiomers of N -norlaudanidine, a minor Papaver somniferum opium benzyltetrahydoisoquinoline alkaloid has been achieved using a (S )- or (R )-α-methylbenzylamine chiral auxiliary-mediated strategy. The use of this chiral auxiliary has proven to be convenient and effective in a Bischler-Napieralski cyclization-reduction to enantioselectively form each of the enantiomers of N-norlaudanidine as confirmed by X-ray crystallography. Structures of each of these secondary amines are reported as well as the tetrahydroprotoberberine alkaloids (-)-( S )-tetrahydropalmatrubine and (-)-(S)corytenchine. The thesis will also report on our findings to date toward the total synthesis of (1R ,1'S )-temuconine using this strategy. Temuconine was isolated from Aristolochia elegans by Shamma and coworkers who stated it to be the enantiomer of a compound previously obtained by others, from Chilean Berberis valdiviana . (-)-Temuconine has been reported to have potent antiplasmodial activities, but its structure is different to that reported earlier by Shamma. -- A second set of synthetic targets reported herein are potential anthrax lethal factor inhibitors. Anthrax is an acute infectious disease that normally affects animals and is caused by the Bacillus anthracis bacterium. Some tetrahydroisoquinoline unit-containing compounds, which were racemic, were recently found by Wong to be anthrax lethal factor inhibitors. This finding prompted us to investigate the enantioselective synthesis of these compounds using our chiral auxiliary-mediated strategy.


A triaxial particle-rotor Hamiltonian describing a system of two high-j quasiparticles rigidly aligned to a triaxial collective core, is treated semiclassically within a time-dependent variational principle. Quantizing the energy function for a given angular momentum, one obtains a Schrödinger equation with a coordinate dependent effective mass for a chiral potential. The applicability of the formalism is discussed in terms of varying triaxial deformation and more general quasiparticle spin alignments. The model is exemplified by describing the partner bands in Pr using the corresponding spectrum and wave-functions obtained for valence h11/2 proton particle and h11/2 neutron hole. Some perspectives of the model are also briefly discussed.


BACKGROUND: Every game and competition contains the suspense caused by the possibilities of winning or losing. Adding to this, most cultures incorporate the concept of a hero and its significance in the life of the citizens.OBJECTIVE: The objective and purpose of this paper is to explain the importance of the concept of hero. This includes a discussion of the "agon motive", that is the principle distinguished by interpersonal rivalry and by the process of the acceptance of challenges.METHODS: Our methodology is a historical, rhetorical, and philosophical perspective outlining the history of the concept of hero. Further argument focuses on important concepts of agon, rivalization, and perfectionism.RESULTS: Our results and findings call attention to the differences between army agon and sport agon and their possible transformations. First, we discuss the distinction between reaching for victory by "rivalization" and "perfectionism". Rivalization means antagonizing or encountering another person in order to win in competition. Perfectionism implies who is the best person during the competition. Second, we distinguish the phenomenon of a fair victory from the phenomenon of "victory at any costs". Such adoration of victory over other values like health or respectable competition is not a sign of being a hero. Third, we show how this has resulted in a contemporary image of a one dimensional carnal hero whose main goal is to achieve victory. And, fourth, we discuss how the archetype of a hero has changed from Homer's hero who connects physical force with intellect and compassion, to a person who lives in only a physical dimension in order to achieve victory.CONCLUSIONS: Hence, it is important to evoke the values of losing and to highlight the meaning of loss which can spread the goal of competition into the context of one's life.


Sediment quality was assessed in San Francisco Bay, California, USA, using a two‐tiered approach in which 111 sites were initially screened for sediment toxicity. Sites exhibiting toxicity were then resampled and analyzed for chemical contamination, recurrent toxicity, and, in some cases, benthic community impacts. Resulting data were compared with newly derived threshold values for each of the metrics in a triad‐based weight‐of‐evidence evaluation. Sediment toxicity test results were compared with tolerance limits derived from reference site data, benthic community data were compared with threshold values for a relative benthic index based on the presence and abundance of pollution‐tolerant and ‐sensitive taxa, and concentrations of chemicals and chemical mixtures were compared with sediment quality guideline‐based thresholds. A total of 57 sites exceeded threshold values for at least one metric, and each site was categorized based on triad inferences. Nine sites were found to exhibit recurrent sediment toxicity associated with elevated contaminant concentrations, conditions that met program criteria for regulatory attention. Benthic community impacts were also observed at three of these sites, providing triad evidence of pollution‐induced degradation. Multi‐ and univariate correlations indicated that chemical mixtures, heavy metals, chlordanes, and other organic compounds were associated with measured biological impacts in the Bay. Toxicity identification evaluations indicated that metals were responsible for pore‐water toxicity to sea urchin larvae at two sites. Gradient studies indicated that the toxicity tests and benthic community metrics employed in the study predictably tracked concentrations of chemical mixtures in Bay sediments.


Plasmon Probe When light of certain wavelengths strikes a metal surface, it sets the metal's electrons in motion along trajectories termed "plasmon modes." Yurtsever et al. (p. 59; see the Perspective by Batson) constructed a type of electron microscope that can probe the electric fields associated with this process by measuring the energy of a separate pulse of electrons that is bounced off the surface immediately (less than trillionths of a second) after the light strikes. The spatial resolution was sufficient to map intensities in distinct regions of a single silver nanoparticle. A specially constructed electron microscope can probe plasmon fields created by optically exciting metal nanoparticles. Single-particle imaging of structures has become a powerful methodology in nanoscience and molecular and cell biology. We report the development of subparticle imaging with space, time, and energy resolutions of nanometers, femtoseconds, and millielectron volts, respectively. By using scanning electron probes across optically excited nanoparticles and interfaces, we simultaneously constructed energy-time and space-time maps. Spectrum images were then obtained for the nanoscale dielectric fields, with the energy resolution set by the photon rather than the electron, as demonstrated here with two examples (silver nanoparticles and the metallic copper–vacuum interface). This development thus combines the high spatial resolution of electron microscopy with the high energy resolution of optical techniques and ultrafast temporal response, opening the door to various applications in elemental analysis as well as mapping of interfaces and plasmonics.


It discloses a bimetallic heater means. Bimetallic heater means comprising: a heating element having a first portion and a second portion; bimetallic element coupled to the first heating element portion and a third portion between the second portion; and a third portion coupled to the heating element support member, the support member includes an alignment surface, the alignment surface being adapted to receive a groove formed in spaced portions of the circuit breaker housing. As in other aspects, a method of assembling a heater assembly comprising a bimetal assembly and a bimetallic heater means.


Human activity recognition involves classifying times series data, measured at inertial sensors such as accelerometers or gyroscopes, into one of pre-defined actions. Recently, convolutional neural network (CNN) has established itself as a powerful technique for human activity recognition, where convolution and pooling operations are applied along the temporal dimension of sensor signals. In most of existing work, 1D convolution operation is applied to individual univariate time series, while multi-sensors or multi-modality yield multivariate time series. 2D convolution and pooling operations are applied to multivariate time series, in order to capture local dependency along both temporal and spatial domains for uni-modal data, so that it achieves high performance with less number of parameters compared to 1D operation. However for multi-modal data existing CNNs with 2D operation handle different modalities in the same way, which cause interferences between characteristics from different modalities. In this paper, we present CNNs (CNN-pf and CNN-pff), especially CNN-pff, for multi-modal data. We employ both partial weight sharing and full weight sharing for our CNN models in such a way that modality-specific characteristics as well as common characteristics across modalities are learned from multi-modal (or multi-sensor) data and are eventually aggregated in upper layers. Experiments on benchmark datasets demonstrate the high performance of our CNN models, compared to state of the arts methods.


Objective To prepare acellular M. smegmatis(MS)vaccine for prevention of M. tuberculosis infection in high risk population. Methods The culture of M. smegmatis was washed for several times and prepared into a suspension at the required concentration, then homogenized by high pressure homogenizer, sterilized under high pressure, diluted, distributed and lyophilized. The guinea pigs infected with M. tuberculosis were divided into three groups randomly. The guinea pigs in groups A and B were inoculated with the prepared MS vaccine 3, 10, 17 and 24 after infection, at dosages of 8. 7 and 17. 5 μg respectively, while those in group C with physiological saline. The protective effect of vaccine on infected guinea pigs was observed. Results The concentration of MS vaccine was determined as 17. 5 μg protein (0. 25 mg wet bacteria)per container. The vaccine showed good safety, inhibited or killed the M. tuberculosis in guinea pigs effectively and decreased the pathological change of various organs. Conclusion Acellular MS vaccine was successfully prepared, which showed good protective effect on guinea pigs infected with M. tuberculosis and might be used for prevention of M. tuberculosis infection in high risk population.


In this paper we show how quantitative program logic 13] provides a formal framework in which to promote standard techniques of program analysis to a context where probability and nondeterminism interact, a situation common to probabilistic distributed algorithms. We show that overall performance can be formulated directly in the logic and that it can be derived from local properties of components. We illustrate the methods with an analysis of performance of the prob-abilistic dining philosophers 10].


When using visual image technology to detect surface defects of sealing rings for aerospace, traditional image processing algorithms are constrained by surface defects types, scale differences, illumination variations, and non-uniformities of surface image. As a result, the application of each algorithm is relatively limited. To solve the problems, a general deep learning algorithm for surface defects detection of sealing rings is proposed. Texture features of defects, gradient features of edges and contour features are selected as main features of surface defects of sealing rings differentiated from the background, and a new cascade modular backbone network is design for extraction of these features. The average aspect ratio of label box for defects among dataset of defect images of sealing rings is calculated and aspect ratio distribution is counted to obtain the proportional parameter for generating prior box. Based on the calculated proportional parameters of prior box and scale features of defects, multi-scale defects detection network is designed. Meanwhile, defects classification and position regression compound loss function are defined. In the end, weighting parameters of the network are updated on the basis of end-to-end training. Experimental result shows that the accuracy of proposed algorithm for defects detection reach 94.03% under the condition that the original defects sample images is 107 and confidence is 0.6. Compared with RefineDet network, the depth of backbone network of feature extraction increases by 78% while the scale of parameters reduces by 84.82% and the accuracy of defects detection reduces by 3.01%.


In Guizhou,one of the richer biodiversity provinces in China,about 34.42% species of bryophytes of China have been found.Because of the increase of population,deforestation and environment pollution,the bryophytes in Guizhou were reduced very seriously during the past several decades.It is very necessary to study the characters of the rare and endangered bryophytes in Guozhou,and their habitats and the ways to protect them in Guozhou must be sought.In this paper,27 species of rare and endangered bryophytes are put forward,among them,Kurzia sinensis Chang,Cololejeunea magnilobula(Horik.) Hatt and Sciaromiopsis sinensis(Broth.) Broth.have already been included in The 2000 IUCN World Red List of Bryophytes.


Calvin writes to Dr. Eric Arthur in hopes that the professor will assist in his plan to convince his sisters [Mary and Hilda] to leave Whitehern to the city.


1 and rCyn d 1, and total IgE, were compared with skin prick test and spIgE and immunoCAP. Results : IgE reactivity with rCyn d 1 and rPas n 1 were highly correlated with nCyn d 1( r = 0.972) and nPas n 1 ( r = 0.986), respectively. Correlation between the commercial and academic laboratories for 21 sera were with rPas n 1 spIgE ( r = 0.695) and total IgE ( r = 0.945). Higher spIgE to rPas n 1 and rCyn d 1 fl uorescence were detected in the grass-pollen aller- gic patients with clinician diagnosed allergic rhinitis ( n = 134) than participants with other allergies ( n = 49) or no allergies ( n = 23). The correlation between spIgE concentrations to rPas n 1 ( r = 0.679) and rCyn d 1 ( r = 0.548), with Bahia and Bermuda grass pollen spIgE respectively, were highly signi fi cant ( p < 0.0001). The positive/negative predictive agreements of spIgE classes for rPas n 1 (73%/82.5%) and rCyn d 1 (67.8%/66.3%) between the nano fl uidic and ImmunoCAP measure-ments for Bahia and Bermuda grass pollen, respectively were substantial. Conclusion : This point of care nano fl uidic device, using spIgE to newly designed soluble rPas n 1 and rCyn d 1, could increase access via virtual spe-cialist care contexts in regional, rural and remote area to more precise clinical diagnosis of respiratory allergy for patients in subtropical climate zones. Introduction: Asthma treatment response is ascertained by improvement in several important outcomes: exacerbations, symptom control, and lung function. A recent consensus framework de fi ned criteria for remission in severe asthma. This post hoc analysis assessed clinical asthma remission following dupilumab treatment in the phase 3 QUEST (NCT02414854) and TRAVERSE (NCT02134028) studies using a multicomponent endpoint. Method: Patients with uncontrolled, non-OCS dependent, moderate-to- severe asthma received add-on dupilumab 200 mg or 300 mg every 2 weeks (q2w) or matched placebo for 52 weeks in QUEST, followed by add-on dupilumab 300 mg q2w for up to 96 weeks in TRAVERSE (dupilumab/dupilumab and placebo/dupilumab groups, respectively). Clinical asthma remission (no exacerbations and 5-item Asthma Control Questionnaire [ACQ-5] total score <1.5 and improvement in pre- bronchodilator forced expiratory volume in 1 second [FEV 1 ] ≥ 100 mL [TRAVERSE] or either improvement in pre-bronchodilator satisfaction can affect treatment use and adherence. It is not known how patients value the treatment attributes of current combination nasal sprays. This study (NCT05146206) aimed to understand patients ' satisfaction and the importance of treatment attributes of OLO/MOM and AZE/FLU using Anchored Best-Worst Scaling (ABWS). Method : Online panel companies recruited eligible patients. Participants completed an online ABWS survey with 11 domains: 7 sensory (immedi-ate taste of medication, aftertaste of medication, smell of medication, irri- tation to your nose, urge to sneeze, dripping out your nose/down your throat, dryness of your nose/throat) and four treatment related (conve- nience, fast acting, duration of effect, and perceived ef fi cacy). Individual BWS scores were rescaled using anchored ratings (0 – 10) for most and least satis fi ed/important domains. A total satisfaction index (TSI) (0 – 100) was calculated and compared across groups. Statistical comparisons were completed using ANOVA (TSI) and MANOVA (individual domains). Results: 426 adults with moderate to severe AR, currently using either OLO/MOM or AZE/FLU consented to participate. Most were female ( n = 293, 69%) and 82% were 18 to 50 years old. Overall, mean TSI was signi fi cantly higher for participants using OLO/MOM (68.26, SE = 1.39) than participants using AZE/FLU (62.78, SE = 0.70) ( p < 0.001). Partici- pants using OLO/MOM reported signi fi cantly higher satisfaction on 7 of the 11 domains and regarded 8 of the 11 domains as signi fi cantly more important than participants using AZE/FLU (all p < 0.05). These pre-ferred domains were predominantly sensory attributes. Conclusion: Findings highlight the suitability of OLO/MOM for people with allergic rhinitis who value sensory attributes. Prescribers of AR treat-ments are encouraged to discuss treatment attributes with patients to facil- itate shared decision-making. understand what fi rst or about allergies if an Method: Survey of medical professionals: Paramedics/ambulance of fi cers ( n 55), 8 5 and 1 pharmacist. The survey asked respon-dents to rate whether certain allergy information was either: not useful, useful but not time critical or time critical. Results: Consistent with previous reports, drug anaphylaxis was consid- ered the most time critical allergy information. History of anaphylaxis was considered time critical by most (92%), followed by history of severe/life threatening or anaphylactic reactions to food (74%) and venom (74%) and contrast (68%). Most considered details about the reaction such as breath- ing dif fi culties (64.1%), history of swelling/angioedema (54.7%) to be time critical. Other information was felt to be useful and or time critical such as severity (mild/moderate/severe) (92%), a history of dystonia (96%) and history of rash (85%) were thought to be at least useful or time critical by the majority. Around half of those surveyed agreed that knowledge of anaphylaxis to latex (56.6%), chlorhexidine (49.1%) and neuromuscular blockers (50.9%) would be time critical information, possibly due to limited knowledge about what might contain these agents and the low chance that fi rst responders would be giving a general anesthetic in the acute setting. Conclusions: This survey of predominantly fi rst responders, con fi rms the importance of communicating severe/life-threatening allergies to drugs, food, and insect venom in an emergency. MedicAlert and membership with an engraved ID and 24/7 access to further information, provides a way this can be communicated in an emergency. discuss two patients who commenced dupilumab for their severe eczema and demonstrated remission of their EoE, despite cessation of swallowed corticosteroids. identi fi ed two patients at our tertiary centre that were com- menced on dupilumab for treatment of atopic dermatitis. Both patients were aged under 12 years, ful fi lled consensus statement criteria for EoE and had required swallowed corticosteroids to maintain remission. The clinical, endoscopic and histological outcomes of their EoE are described. Results: Patient A achieved endoscopic and histological remission with swallowed budesonide after unsuccessful dietary management. Remission was maintained at endoscopy 10 months after commencement of dupilumab (5 months after ceasing budesonide). Patient B achieved endoscopic and histological remission with swallowed fl uticasone after unsuc- cessful dietary management. Remission was maintained at endoscopy 8 months after commencing dupilumab ( fl uticasone was ceased simulta- neously). Neither patient had recurrence of clinical symptoms identi fi ed at follow up. Both remain off swallowed corticosteroids and on no acid sup- pression therapy. Both patients had signi fi cant improvement in their eczema severity and quality of life scores. Conclusion: Our two patients showed persisting clinical, endoscopic, and histological remission of their EoE on dupilumab monotherapy. This is consistent with other recent studies identifying dupilumab as an effective treatment for EoE. It shows promise as a single agent effective across a spectrum of atopic conditions, in a population with known high rates of comorbid atopic disease. Results:


A detection system debris foreign objects to a system transfer wireless energy comprising: at least one sensor (202; 204; 502; 602; 604; 606) of magnetic field, and at least one circuit (506; 508 ; 608; 610) reading configured to measure the electrical parameters of at least one sensor (202; 204; 502; 602; 604; 606) of magnetic field, wherein the at least one sensor (202; 204; 502; 602 ; 604; 606) of magnetic field is positioned within the magnetic field system wireless energy transfer, wherein the at least one sensor (202; 204; 502; 602; 604; 606) of magnetic field comprises at least one gradiometer magnetic field.


As a result of globalization, the local and the international competition have increased and in order to survive this extensive competition, organizations need certain distinguishing elements that will cause their consumers to keep buying their products. In this era of enormous competition some of the traditional ways of attaining a competitive advantage such as price differentiation and product quality is no longer sufficient to ensure the success of a product. Corporates are now realizing that the worth of any organization is tied to its brands which are competent to satisfy the needs of the consumers. This study analyses the impact of brand awareness and brand loyalty on the consumer purchase decision for the FMCG products. The sample size for this study is 160 FMCG consumers of Bangalore city. A self-prepared questionnaire based on the literature was used for the study. Cronbach alpha coefficient was used for measuring the reliability of the questionnaire. Certain statistical techniques such as Correlation and Multiple Regression analysis were used to test the different hypotheses.


 Abstract:This paperaddresses the multi-objective stochastic optimization problem that arises in many real-world applications, especially in supply chain management and optimization.To this end, a simulated annealing algorithm is presented and used for solving this problem. The algorithm uses the hill-climbing criterionin order to escape from local minimality trap. The paper also introduces a new Pareto set for stochastic optimization problems and demonstrates the application of simulated annealing on this Pareto set. Finally, the proposed algorithm is applied on an inventory example that is solved by optimizing three objectives. Numericalresults indicate that the algorithm is capable of constructing a Pareto set of non-dominated solutions.


This disclosure provides, among other things, methods for generating and applying therapeutic interventions. The methods involve, for example, (a) sequencing polynucleotides from cancer cells from a subject; (b) identifying and quantifying somatic mutations in the polynucleotides; (c) developing a profile of tumor heterogeneity in the subject indicating the presence and relative quantity of a plurality of the somatic mutations in the polynucleotides, wherein different relative quantities indicates tumor heterogeneity; and (d) determining a therapeutic intervention for a cancer exhibiting the tumor heterogeneity, wherein the therapeutic intervention is effective against a cancer having the profile of tumor heterogeneity determined.


At present,based on the analysis of the features of network culture and the education of college students,the paper expounds the present tasks and challenges that colleges' party building work faces,studies the advantages of the network and elaborates the important significance of strengthening colleges' party building work.Combining the author's experience in the party building work of Xihua University and through the analysis of the achievements in this work,the paper establishes the party branch on the Internet and establishes the new content of college students' party building by implementing the party building work on the network platform of E-class,which provides some references for the party building work of universities in Sichuan Province.Through the exploration,the paper draws the conclusion that to explore college students' party building work,adapt to the new situation and search the new carrier under the network environment of E-class will surely improve the effectiveness and quality of the party building work.


As discussed in much current scholarship, the root of which may be traced to Edward Said's Orientalism, language and writing are intimately involved in the construction and implementation of both representations of reality (both on and off stage) and the power relations in which those representations participate. Sean O'Casey's drama The Shadow of a Gunman demonstrates the interaction between speech, writing, and power in a 1920's Dublin tenement. This essay traces the operation and effects of these relationships as they pertain to the intersections between colonial, national, patriarchal, and economic structures within the play and argues that access to or exclusion from the dominant discourse is directly related to the characters' positions, mobility, and ability to exercise power within these structures.


The aim of this study was to investigate bioactivities of 50% Chitin - hydroxyapatite (Chitin-H) compound and 50% Chitosan - hydroxyapatite (Chitosan-H) compound in canine bone. Ten healthy mongrel dogs (1-5 years old, 1.7 - 6.9 ㎏) were used in this study. These compounds had been transplanted into bilateral femur separately, and then the changes of femur were observed through the examinations of hemato-biochemical profiles, radiology, and histological profiles for 42 days. After 3 weeks, expanded radiolucent changes were observed in both areas transplanted the compounds. After 6 weeks, the area transplanted the Chitin-H compound did not observe any changes of bony tissue, while the area inserted the Chitosan-H compound was observed changes of increasing bone formation. In histological examination, infiltrations of inflammatory cells and bone absorptions were observed at both transplanted sites. However an increasing of active osteogenesis was observed at the transplanted site with Chitosan-H compound. In conclusion, Chitosan-H compound had an function of active osteogenesis as compared with Chitin-H compound. From this study, it is indicated that Chitosan-H compound would be used in dogs with severe bone defect.


The present invention discloses a multilayer metal member fixing rivets riveting apparatus and method to assess the extent, based on the principle of eddy current testing, a drum-shaped design eddy current testing apparatus comprises a cylindrical housing, a pen-type eddy current probe, eddy current flaw detector, by detecting blind rivet nail head member in contact with the outer surface of the multilayered metal member side gap, it is determined whether there is a gap between the multilayer metal member, staking assess the extent to effectively solve the multi-layer metal member of the blind rivet riveted riveting quality assessment problems.


Several authors have found many Pythagorean triple preserving matrices in recent years. The purpose of this note is to show that all these matrices, and in particular the results published in Deshpande's 2001 paper are special cases of the earlier results obtained by Palmer, Ahuja and Tikoo.