By constructing endogenous economic growth model,this paper uses Least Trimmed Squares Regression Technique to analyze the effect of market reform on unbalanced regional growth throughout the panel data of regional area from 1999 to 2002 in China.The results show that 2000-2005 regional economic growth appears to divergent trend and market reform for the regional economic growth is "robust" significant.China's regional economic disparity is explained to a large extent by the process of market and regional innovation capacity.


Objective To explore the short‐term and long‐term variability of tubal opening and closing in ears with advanced retractions and in healthy ears.


Handwritten Optical Character Recognition is a lush area of research and is used in various real time applications. This research is based on comparative analysis of handwritten OCR by using Deep CNN and ResNet for Devanagari script, a regional language. Devanagari character contains two elements, diacritics and the main grapheme. Key challenge associated with Devanagari script is many a time different characters look similar. Secondly some characters are written differently by different individuals. Proposed ResNet manages vanishing gradient issue and improves capability of traditional Deep CNN. It uses dynamic flow of activation. ResNet identity blocks help in to overcome vanishing gradient issues. Proposed architecture scored close to 99% accuracy for the DHCD, which is better than other state-of-art results. Training phase of proposed model is reasonably less than many other variants of deep CNN.


The purpose of this study is to determine the suitable composition of engine oil mixed with nano-additive and to test and characterize viscosity and scar diameter the mixture of zirconia dioxide (ZrO2) nanoparticles, dispersed in conventional engine oil (SAE 15W40). Tribological testing was conducted using a four-ball tester according to
ASTM standard D4172 procedures. Besides, viscosity testing also conducted using heated viscosity at 40˚C. According to the analysis, COF and wear scar diameter only increased slightly by dispersing several concentrations of ZrO2 nanoparticles in conventional engine oil, compared to without nanoparticles additive. Contribution of 0.1 vol.% of ZrO2 can be an optimal composition additive in conventional engine oil, to obtain a lower COF. On the other hand, the results of kinematic viscosity show that at 0.2 vol.% has the best value of viscosity.


On the basis of the Chinese Biomedical Literature Database(CBM),the authors set up the intelligent retrieval model of China PubMed with knowledge discovery and data mining,which is user-centered and is based on the Chinese Unified Medical Language System(CUMLS)(known as medical ontology).In order to provide references for developing perfect information retrieval systems,they assess the intelligent retrieval model in respect of its advantages,feasibility,application prospects and so on.


The Seventh International Workshop on Foundations of Object-Oriented Languages (FOOL 7) was held on January 22, 2000, and it was colocated with the ACM Symposium on Principles of Programming Languages in Boston, Massachusetts, USA. Martı́n Abadi chaired the program committee, which received 19 submissions and accepted 6 of them. After the workshop, extended versions of 4 articles were solicited for this special issue of Information and Computation. All 4 were accepted after a refereeing and selection process matching the standards of the journal. The issue opens with "Type Inference for Variant Object Types," by Michele Bugliesi and Santiago Pericás-Geertsen. Combining subtyping, recursive types, and method update in the same type system was a challenge only partially solved until Bugliesi and Pericás-Geertsen adapted the notion of "splitting" types to Abadi and Cardelli's first-order object calculus. The system of split types presented assigns two types to each method, a type used for method update and a type used for method selection. This simple idea brings an elegant solution to the problem. Furthermore, the resulting system extends the typing power of existing solutions with variant annotations by accepting more sound objects as typable. This additional expressive power does not affect the complexity of the type inference problem, as the paper shows by presenting a sound and complete O(n3) inference algorithm. Kathleen Fisher and John Reppy, in "Inheritance-Based Subtyping," study contrasting relations between inheritance and subtyping. In mainstream programming languages such as Java and C++, inheritance defines a subtyping hierarchy, giving rise to the phrase inheritance-based subtyping. On the other hand, most foundational studies of class-based subtyping feature a notion of inheritance that complies with but does not define the subtyping relation. This subtyping notion is known as structural subtyping. Fisher and Reppy bridge these two approaches, showing how to implement friend functions, one of the strongest features of inheritance-based subtyping, in their programming language Moby based on structural subtyping. "On Inner Classes," by Atsushi Igarashi and Benjamin Pierce, is a formal study of inner classes, that is, classes defined inside other classes. The goal is to capture the essential features of inner classes as they are found in Java and to understand the subtleties that derive from their interactions with inheritance. This is achieved by adding inner classes to Featherweight Java, a fragment of Java providing class definitions, object instantiation, field access, and method invocation, by defining two different semantics and showing that they coincide. In "Type-Safe Covariant Specialization with Generalized Matching," Ran Rinat studies the matching relation originally introduced to model type-safe subclassing in the presence of binary methods. The paper extends this relation so that it accounts for a generalized use of covariant subtyping: besides self type covariance, which is captured by "standard" matching, the new relation allows sound covariant specialization of instance variables and method parameters. We are grateful to the 12 colleagues who prepared the anonymous reviews for this issue. They all did an excellent job, contributing greatly to the quality of this special issue.


The results of modeling a self-mixing laser (autodyne) as a laser probe for controlling microdisplacements are presented. A method for measuring the absolute distance from the ratio of the amplitudes of the harmonics of the autodyne signal spectrum is proposed. The calculation was carried out using the PyCharm IDE software environment and the numpy and matplotlib software modules. The measurement accuracy was estimated taking into account the accuracy of measuring the power of the autodyne signal and the amplitudes of the spectral harmonics at various deviations of the wavelength of the laser autodyne. It is shown that due to the ambiguity of the Bessel functions included in the algorithm, in order to reliably determine the distance, it is necessary to limit the choice of spectral components to the region of uniqueness, which is located at the end of the significant region of the spectrum. The error in determining the absolute distance from the deviation of the laser wavelength was studied. It was also found that as the distance to the reflector decreases, it is necessary to increase the deviation of the laser radiation wavelength so that the set of measured harmonics is in the high-frequency region. It is shown that in the deviation range from 0.1 nm to 1 nm at a distance of 50 to 100 mm, the measurement accuracy can reach several microns. The promise of using a laser autodyne is due to the task of developing laser probes for monitoring microdisplacements in a narrow range of distances to the reflector.


The paper presents the results of the retrospective analysis of data cards and histories of 953 women with an antenatal fetal death during 2010-2016 in the Crimea Republic. The aim of the research was to study the data of parity, gynecological and somatic history, features of pregnancy and childbirth in women with antenatal fetal death to identify significant risk factors for this pathology.
According to the results of our study, women with antenatal losses did not reveal significant clinical and anamnestic risk factors for adverse perinatal outcomes. This once again confirms the lack of reliable methods for predicting antenatal fetal death in modern practical obstetrics. In spite of the significant progress made in the emergency protection of the child, the stillbirth is an important, insufficiently studied problem in the obstetrics. The high frequency of cases of antenatal fetal death with an unexplained cause requires further in-depth analysis and study of this problem, searching for the possibility of expanding the diagnostic potential of the methods used.


Abstract does not appear. First page follows.
 Introduction
 The deterioration of dehydrated carrots in storage involves complex reactions. Although detailed information
 about these changes is not available at present, the following general facts are known:
 (1) the pigments present disappear; (2) haylike and other off-odors develop; (3) changes
 in the oil droplets within the cells result in a positive test for aldehydes with
 Schiff's reagent; (4) the carrots darken (apparently because the amino acids combine
 with sugars), and the substance responsible for this change in color is water-soluble;
 (5) blanching inactivates enzymes and also modifies other changes that occur in storage;
 (6) sulphite preserves color, especially by preventing the darkening reaction and
 by acting somewhat as an antioxidant; (7) other changes unquestionably occur.
 In preliminary studies on carrots during processing and storage, the overall changes
 in pigment concentration were expected to serve as a marker for at least some of the
 oxidations taking place in the lipid phase. This assumption was based on the following
 facts: (1) concentration of pigment may change greatly in storage; (2) carotene is
 a pro-oxidant (Olcott and Mattill, 1936a)3 and its breakdown in oil solution results from the previous oxidation of the oil
 (Strain, 1941); and (Sumner, 1942); (3) carotene in blanched and in dried carrots is dissolved in oil droplets (Weier, 1944a).
 This paper reports experiments to test the stability of the pigment complex in carrots
 after various treatments. These treatments include blanching, leaching, and soaking
 in buffers, in solutions of high and low pH, in organic and mineral acids, and in
 antioxidants. Pigment concentration has been measured on the Evelyn colorimeter. Thus
 far, no attempt has been made to isolate individual pigments or to follow the details
 of their breakdown.


St, Teresa of Avila: Author of a Heroic Life. By Carole Slade. (Berkeley: University of California Press. 1995. Pp. xxii, 204. $35.00.) Since the late 1970's, a number of important studies have sought to demonstrate that, far from being spontaneous, artless, and uncultivated, St. Teresa of Avila was a self-conscious and talented, if not always careful, writer. Carole Slade's well written and clearly organized book St. Teresa ofAvila:Author of a Heroic Life is the most recent contribution to this reworking of the saint's image. According to Slade, Teresa's writings "comprise an elaborate project of self-representation and self-interpretation" (p. 1). Slade argues that Teresa's Life originated with a command to write a judicial confession in anticipation of a possible inquisitorial process. Teresa, however, subverted this genre, which presumed the respondent's guilt, by shifting the generic resonance of the words she employed and by adapting aspects of Christian autobiography in the tradition of St. Augustine's Confessions. Close reading of key sections of the Life, together with the Interior Castle and the Foundations, substantiates this thesis. For example, the first ten chapters of the Life, which present Teresa's pre-conversion life, are informed not only by the genre of judicial confession, but also by that of first-person hagiography. While the prodigal son is the most important figure for Augustine's self-interpretation, Mary Magdalen and other New Testament women are paradigmatic for Teresa. In the Life, chaps. 11-22, and in the Interior Castle,Teresa's presentation of her mystical experience is cast in the Augustinian vocabulary of the faculties of the soul and takes the form of "analogies," such as the four ways of watering a garden, the crystal and diamond castle, the palmetto and tree of life, the silkworm and butterfly. Teresa's post-conversion "new life," Slade points out, finds apostolic expression in her activity as monastic reformer and foundress. This facet of Teresa's self-representation is introduced in the Life, chaps. 32-36, which recount the foundation of the first reformed monastery of St. Joseph's in Avila, and is fully developed in the Foundations. Generically, the latter is akin to contemporary New World conquest chronicles in Teresa's presentation of herself in heroic terms, as well as to the "allegory of female authority" of Christine de Pizan's The Book of the City of Ladies in the interpolated biographies of Teresa's nuns. …


An increase in the athermal component of the yield stress at low temperatures is the caused of the high temperature strengthening of discontinuously reinforced NiAl matrix composites. The reinforcements stabilize the microstructure. The strengthening in the temperature range of 300–1273K, is believed to be related to the grain size refinement and effective pinning of grain boundaries. This conclusion was obtained from analysis of data from AlN, TiB 2 and Al 2 O 3 /NiAl particulate composites.


In complement to the previous paper on the problems might be resulted from the TGP, this paper proposed some measures and suggestions with respect to structural works and management for the mid-Yangtze River for further investigations.


ERM family proteins have a critical role in the formation of actin-rich structures through the process of linking the cytoskeleton to the plasma membrane. In Drosophila melanogaster, Moesin, the sole ERM protein, is responsible for the development of the stacks of thousands of actin-based microvilli that form the rhabdomeres of photoreceptors in the compound eye. When phosphorylated, active Moe can bind both F-actin and the phospholipid PIP2; dephosphorylation inactivates Moe and leads to the dissociation of F-actin. The phosphoregulation of Moe is accomplished through the activities of various proteins. Moe binds to the phospholipid PIP2, which is produced through the action of Sktl. Slik kinase then phosphorylates Moe, thereby activating it and promoting binding of the actin cytoskeleton. This Moeactin complex is next connected to a membrane-bound protein via the protein Sip1 (Drosophila homolog of EBP50). Dephosphorylation of Moe can then occur. The chloride intracellular channel protein Clic is implicated to have a role in this pathway. Our study focuses on determining the function and location of Clic in this cycle. We overexpressed Slik, both individually and in combination with Sip1 or Sktl, with a GMR driver and compared these in the wild type and a Clic deficient background by means of external morphology and internal eye morphology using a transmission electron microscope. Excess Slik kinase or Sktl, and the combination of both increases the phosphorylation of Moe, leading to larger rhabdomere formations; loss of Clic enhances these effects. Clic deficiency appears to result in a slight rescue of the phenotype of offspring with excess Slik kinase and Sip1, leading to a more regular


Human brain is most complex and unique creation of nature which is developing from ages by adaptation process and making humans more and more intelligent. The objective of this research is about how we can digitize the human brain with the study of blue brain project and applying in real life scenario. This will take decades of time to digitize the human brain; my research is a small work in this field. My model of digitizing human brain based on blue brain project and taking the data of fMRI and applying on neural networks will give a way to digitize the human brain. Here my work is to get the deep knowledge of on-going blue brain project and create my model of digitizing the human brain based on fMRI and study of blue gene supercomputer, quantum leap, blue column which are part of blue brain project.


Objective:Research on the clinical diagnostic value of colposcopy.Methods:To analyse and summarize 325 cases of cervical lesions with the help of colposcopy in our hospital from June 2002 to April 2003.Results:Of all 325 cases,325 biopsy cases were taken,and through pathological diagnosis.we found 97 cases cervical intraepithelial neoplasia(CIN1-2),13 cases carcinoma-in-situ,26 cases invasive carcinoma,188 cases chronic cervicitis,1 cases cervical tuberculosis.Conclusion:Colposcopy have a important diagnostic value in finding early stage carcinoma of cervices,cervical intraepithelial neoplasia,early stage of cervical condylonma and in judging if there is a kind of CIN simultaneously.


Small business ownership is considered an important channel through which minority and immigrant groups escape labour market disadvantage in the mainstream economy (Light 1972; Waldinger 1986a). However, business self-employment is affected by individual and group attributes and dimensions of opportunity structures provided by the social environ ment (Boyd 1991a). A Toronto survey of self-employment among selected ethnic origin groups by Reitz (1990) shows that Chinese and West Indians have a participation rate of 14.1 and 5.5 per cent respectively. In Canada as a whole, Blacks had a self-employment rate of 4 per cent compared to a rate of 11 per cent for Chinese. Similarly, Blacks had an unemployment rate of 12 per cent, which was the highest rate among minority English speakers (Cote 1991). A high level of unemployment within a group is an objective indication of the low level of self-employment participation within the group. A low rate of self-employment among Blacks is not unique to Canada. Studies in Britain and the United States also show Black under representation in business ownership (Light 1972, 1979, 1980, 1984; Wilson and Martin 1982; Ward and Jenkins 1984; Aldrich and Waldinger 1990). For example, African Americans comprise the most disadvantaged segment of the US labour force, yet they have the lowest rate of self employment compared to other groups (Light 1972; Lieberson 1980). Three processes account for the total number of minority business enter prises: business formation, growth, and failure. A combination of low business formation and high failure produces a low participation rate (Stevens 1984).


Li-MnO2 battery with high energy is rapidly developed and widely applied in civil and military fields. The performance and longevity of Li-MnO2 battery are influenced by the gas swelling problem of battery storage, and safety problems exist. Results show that the problem can be decreased by changing the pH value of the active material MnO2 and pre-discharging, without influences on the electrochemical performance of Li-MnO2 battery.


. We show the existence of unique periodic and symmetric solutions of weakly nonlinear ordinary differential equations. Conditions of stability and hyperbolicity of these solutions are established as well. Concrete examples are presented to show advantages of our method to the classical averaging theory.


PURPOSE: A lens for a light source, a light source module, and a backlight assembly are provided to reduce the number of light sources being included in a back light assembly by reducing a thickness of the back light assembly. CONSTITUTION: A backlight assembly comprises a light source module(100), an optical sheets(200), and a container(300). The light source module comprises a light source and a lens accommodating the light source. The light source comprises a light emitting diode generating with external driving power by using semiconductor properties. The light emitting diode can be electrically connected to a light source driving film(150) applying the driving power. The optical sheets are arranged on the top of the light source module and improve brightness properties of light emitted from the light source. The container has a square frame shape.


Submitted for the DAMOP12 Meeting of The American Physical Society Bose metals on multi-leg ladders with ring-exchange RYAN V. MISHMASH, UCSB, MATTHEW S. BLOCK, UCSB and UK Lexington, RIBHU K. KAUL, UK Lexington, D.N. SHENG, CSU Northridge, OLEXEI I. MOTRUNICH, Caltech, MATTHEW P.A. FISHER, UCSB — Accessing non-superfluid, uncondensed phases of 2D lattice bosons that conduct and break no symmetries has traditionally been very difficult. Here, we present recent work establishing compelling evidence for the stability of quasi-1D descendants of a particular example of such a "Bose metal." Specifically, we focus on the so-called "d-wave Bose metal" (DBM), which is crucially characterized by surfaces of gapless excitations in momentum space. Motivated by a strong-coupling analysis of the gauge theory for the DBM, we study in detail a model of hard-core bosons moving on the four-leg ladder with frustrating four-site ring exchange. In this system, we have successfully identified a compressible gapless Bose metal phase with five gapless modes, one more than the number of legs [1]. We can understand the nature of this phase using slave-particleinspired determinantal wave functions, the properties of which compare impressively well to a DMRG solution of the model Hamiltonian. This represents a significant step forward in establishing the stability of the DBM in two dimensions. Finally, we will discuss scenarios in which such Bose metal-type phases may be realized in present-day experiments on ultracold atomic gases. [1] R. V. Mishmash et al., PRB 84, 245127 (2011).


The invention belongs to the technical area of compensating the delayed time in the harmonic current detection. It is characterized by that it improves the conventional instant space vector method based on the theory of instant reactive power. When the coordinate transformation is carried out, the "delta" "theta" angle is added to the conversion matrix in order to compensate the delayed time, "delta" "theta"=n "omega" "delta" T here n is harmonic degree, "omega" is the angular frequency of the principal wave, "dlta" T is the delay time. Thus, the issue of the delayed time of the digital controller is solved. The invention realizes the real-time compensating the harmonic current, guarantees the compensation characteristic of the active filter as well as avoids the need of the device with high calculating speed so as to reduce the cost.


Learning motivations is a sense of enthusiasm felt by students with the characteristics of feeling and taking action to achieve a goal. The role of parents at home greatly influences the student's learning process during distance learning during the Covid-19 pandemic. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between parental support and student learning motivation during the Covid-19 pandemic in junior high schools. This type of research is quantitative with a correlative research design using design cross sectional, using a proportional random sampling technique to 100 respondents. The results of the study were respondents who had high parental support with a high level of learning motivation (65.2%), and with low learning motivation (34.8%). Meanwhile, respondents who have low parental support with a high level of motivation to learn (22,2%), and with low motivation (77,8%) with a value of p = 0.000 (p< 0,05). The results showed a positive relationship between parental support and student motivation in junior high schools. Suggestions for parents are expected to spend their time and pay more attention to children's learning, so that children will have enthusiasm for learning.


This contribution aims to explore the different connotations of the experience of solitude in adolescence as a specific biographical transition. Our research used some autobiographies by homosexual adolescents. We conducted a narrative analysis of the data coming from that research in order to re-read those different connotations of solitude in a pedagogical perspective able to offer a formative interpretation of experiences and conditions which are usually considered as exclusively negative or painful. We start from a preliminary semantic and conceptual delineation of the different expressions and meanings of solitude as an inescapable experience of living and growing. Then, we can consider it through an educational lens as a fundamental component of the process of anthropogenesis. The contribution focuses on the particular phases of solitude experienced during adolescence, proposing a distinction that is relevant from a pedagogical point of view. On the one hand, solitude can be considered as a human disposition to an inner search and, therefore, more easily associated with educational contents; on the other hand, solitude can be considered as an accident due to external factors that risks turning into isolation (as in the cited case of the social and cultural interpretation of sexual orientation). On the basis of this distinction, it would be desirable that the pedagogical reflection makes a further passage from the phenomenology of the experiences to the hermeneutics of the experiences, in order to find and explain the transformative potential of the conditions of risk or suffering. Ultimately, that potential glimpsed in the formation of self-reflexive and narrative skills necessary for the ability to make changes and relocations with respect to one's own growth in a period of life as complex as that of adolescence.


FEI Bordeaux | Travel tips You will find below the location, accommodation and transportation details to visit FEI in our Bordeaux's office none false standard gridFourth text Location  FEI Bordeaux
3, Impasse Rudolf Diesel, Bât A
F-33708 Merignac
France See on a


The graph embedding based dimensionality reduction (DR) methods have been widely used to overcome the curse of dimensionality problem in high-dimensional data. Especially in pattern recognition and data analysis, they are frequently used to extract features. However, there are two problems in the graph embedding based supervised DR methods: 1) the original data will inevitably be corrupted by noise or outliers, which makes the fixed graph constructed from these data unreliable; and 2) determining how to model the projection for enhancing the discrimination of projected samples. To overcome the above two challenges, this paper proposes a new supervised DR method called discriminative projection learning with adaptive reversed graph embedding (DP-ARGE). Specifically, DP-ARGE learns the graph dynamically in a low-dimensional subspace by using the low-dimensional embedding rather than projected samples for improving its robustness. In addition, a novel discriminative regularization term is designed to enhance the discrimination of the projection samples by using a few pairwise marginal heterogeneous samples rather than the all. To tackle the problem of estimating the neighborhood size parameter of the graph, a simple yet effective automatic parameter estimation strategy based on the density and similarity of data set is proposed. Furthermore, for better handling the data set with a few labels, DP-ARGE is extend to a semi-supervised method (SDP-ARGE) by a neighborhood preserving regularization term. SDP-ARGE can be used to preserve the local manifold structure of the data in the semi-supervised scenario. Comprehensive experiments show the superiority of the proposed methods in several real-world data sets.


In this paper, we propose a 2D-3D convertible display system having a background of full-parallax integral images. The proposed system is composed of integral imaging system and conventional 2D flat display and is able to operate either 3D mode or 2D mode. In 3D mode, the 3D image is generated by combining the 2D main image with the background image based on integral imaging. In 2D mode, the integral imaging system plays a role as the back-light of 2D flat display and then 2D image is observed through 2D flat display. To show the usefulness of the proposed system, we carry out the preliminary experiments and present the successful experimental results.


Introduction Histone deacetylases (HDAC) are therapeutic targets in Multiple Myeloma (MM) and the pan-HDAC inhibitor Panobinostat is FDA approved. However, clinical trials showed that non-selective HDAC inhibitors have a narrow therapeutic index, prompting the development of isoform-specific HDAC inhibitors such as the HDAC6 inhibitor Ricolinostat. Preclinical studies have shown that HDAC3 downregulation/inhibition exerts an anti-myeloma effect, suggesting that HDAC3 may be a novel molecular target in MM. However, the effect of targeting HDAC3 in the bone marrow (BM) microenvironment has not been investigated. The BM microenvironment, particularly stromal and immune cells, have been shown to be key in supporting MM growth, immune escape, and resistance to therapy. We sought to study whether targeting HDAC3 in BM stroma cells (BMSC) has direct cytotoxic effects against stromal cells and/or impacts MM cell and T cell function through secreted factors and/or cell-to-cell contact mechanisms. Methods We targeted HDAC3 in human BMSC line HS-5 and primary-derived BMSC from MM patients (MM-BMSC) via siRNA or via the HDAC3-selective inhibitor BG45. MTT assay and flow cytometry with annexin V/PI staining were used to assess viability and apoptosis post-HDAC3 KD/pharmacologic inhibition. Downregulation of HDAC3 was confirmed by immunoblotting. To assess the effect of HDAC3 silencing in MM-BMSC on MM cells, we performed siRNA-mediated HDAC3 KD in HS-5 and MM-BMSC, removed transfection media after 48 hours, and performed co-culture experiments with MM1S.Luc and H929.Luc MM cell lines. After 96 hours MM cell proliferation was measured using the Luciferase Assay. Scrambled siRNA transfected HS-5 and MM-BMSC were used as control. To assess the effect of HDAC3 silencing in BMSC on T cells, we isolated peripheral blood mononuclear cells from healthy donors by Ficoll density gradient separation. CD3+ T cells were isolated using EasySep™ Human T Cell Isolation Kit and activated using Dynabeads Human T-Activator CD3/CD28. Cytokine array profiling was performed on the cell-culture supernatant using the Raybiotech C-series Human Cytokine Array according to manufacturer9s protocol. Results First, we showed that pharmacological inhibition of HDAC3 via BG45 does not have direct anti-proliferative or cytotoxic effect on the HS-5 stromal cell line at doses up to 5-fold higher than the EC50 of MM cell lines. Consistent with this data, siRNA-mediated HDAC3 KD does not have direct anti-proliferative and/or cytotoxic effects on HS-5 or MM-BMSC. However, when MM cell lines were co-cultured with HDAC3-silenced HS-5 or MM-BMSC, there was a statistically significant decrease in BMSC-induced MM proliferation compared to control (HS-5: 38% decrease in MM proliferation in HDAC3 KD, p We next showed that conditioned supernatant from HDAC3-KD HS-5, cultured alone or in combination with MM cell lines, significantly inhibited the proliferation of activated T-cells (HS-5 supernatant: 47.8% decrease in MM proliferation in HDAC3 KD; HS-5 + MM co-culture supernatant: 32.6% decrease in MM proliferation in HDAC3 KD). To identify the soluble factors responsible for this paracrine effect, we subjected HDAC3-KD and scrambled-transfected HS-5 supernatant to cytokine profiling. We identified a number of cytokines modulated by HDAC3 KD, which we are currently analyzing. Among these, we identified a 1.37-fold increase in soluble PD-L1 when HDAC3 was silenced in HS-5 cells. Conclusions Our results show that inhibiting HDAC3 in BMSC mediates anti-MM and anti-T cell effect via soluble factors. Gene expression profiling and proteomic studies are currently underway to define the molecular mechanisms supporting these effects. Our preliminary data suggest that targeting HDAC3 in BMSC may alter the checkpoint repertoire in the BM milieu, suggesting potential utility of therapeutic strategies combining HDAC3 and checkpoint inhibitors. Disclosures Hideshima: C4 Therapeutics: Equity Ownership; Acetylon: Consultancy. Mazitschek: Acetylon: Equity Ownership. Anderson: C4 Therapeutics: Other: scientific founder; Oncopep: Other: scientific founder; Bristol-Myers Squibb: Membership on an entity9s Board of Directors or advisory committees; MedImmune: Membership on an entity9s Board of Directors or advisory committees; Millenium Pharmaceuticals: Membership on an entity9s Board of Directors or advisory committees; Gilead Sciences: Membership on an entity9s Board of Directors or advisory committees.


Strategic management accounting (SMA) is an advanced management tool that provides valuable information to aid managers in making strategic decisions for both long-term and short-term choices. Many factors motivated managers to adopt strategic management accounting (SMA) practices in their enterprises. Furthermore, strategic management accounting (SMA) techniques also consider external stakeholders such as customers, suppliers and regulators. Therefore, there may be various aspects of the external working environment that impact SMA implementations. On the other hand, strategic management accounting (SMA) also helps managers manage costs and resources effectively. Other internal factors such as managers' perceptions about SMA, the knowledge of accountants and technologies also significantly impact the adoption of SMA techniques. The study's main objective is to investigate the factors that affect SMA implementation in Vietnamese enterprises. Purposive techniques are used in the study's explorative quantitative survey approach and data collection. Data from 305 Vietnamese enterprises are included in the sample. The findings demonstrate that the adoption of SMA practices is positively associated with four factors including top management teams, corporate culture, perceived environmental uncertainty and management networking.


A few of coefficients of Contourlet transform can effectively capture the image edges.Relevance vector machine(RVM) has good generalization ability,it can give a probability measure in the classification.Combined the respective advantage of Contourlet transform and RVM,a Recognition method of fracture image of aerial material based on Contourlet-RVM is proposed.In the proposed method,Contourlet transform is used as the feature extraction,RVM as a classifier.The proposed method has been successfully completed in the recogniton of metal fracture image.At the same time,the proposed method is compared with the Contourlet-SVM recognition method.The experiment result shows that the proposed method is very effective.Whether in the correct recognition rate,or in the training speed,the Contourlet-RVM recognition method is superior to the Contourlet-SVM recognition method.


Feng Menglong was a famous novelist and dramatist in Ming Dynasty. His "Three Romantic Novels" played a very important role in the literal history, while his Legend of Mohanzhai Definitive Edition had a special position in dramatic history. Feng Menglong followed two principles when he chose the themes of his dramas: with good plots and without crafty and evil plots. There were four themes in his Legend of Mohanzhai Definitive Edition: love, scholarly honour, history and philosophy. These themes reflected the ideological system of Feng Menglong and also had a close relation with his "Three Romantic Novels" .


When using a second-delay detonator which employs a safety fuse as the delay element,a small amount of ignition powder is usually smeared on the top of the delay element to increase the reliability of the first ignition.The ignition powders that have been used for this purpose include KClO3-C-DDNP and Pb3O4-Si or Pb3O4-Si-Fe,however,these materials have some disadvantages,such as a tendency to misfire during experimentation and inspection,self-ignition during drying process,and misfiring or loss of fire in practical application.These disadvantages cause safety problems in production and application.In this paper,we investigated the feasibility of using oxidation-copper(CuO)as main component of the compensatory ignition powder.


Swimming is a unlike sport that mix upper and lower extremity strength exercises with aerobic energy training in a weightless environment. There are four kind of strokes are officially know: freestyle, butterfly, backstroke, and breaststroke. The highly repetitive motion that occurs in the normal swimming stroke can predispose elite swimmers to musculoskeletal injuries of the upper limb, knee, and spine. In swimming upper body injurie is oftenly happened. Shoulder injuries are the most common injuries, with prevalence between 40% and 91%. Studies in the literature show that injuries can be experienced in swimming sports, and there are also methods of protection from these injuries. In this study, to explain where and how injuries occur in swimming and how they can be protected from these injuries.


Previous studies analyzing intrapartum fever by dichotomization of fever just above 38.0°C or not may lead to overlook clinical significance of borderline fever. We aimed to investigate the maternal baseline and intrapartum characteristics, neonatal outcomes, and inflammatory placental pathology in relation to the degree of intrapartum fever by three group analysis.


The effective practice of Human Resource Development (HRD) requires that interventions are based on the results of a thorough performance analysis. Practitioners are taught to recognize sub-optimal performance, collect and analyze relevant data, diagnose and draw conclusions, and then introduce rational interventions. Inherent to these analytical approaches are the cognitive processes of diagnosis or causal analysis. These cognitive processes involve a particular form of thinking that leads the analyst to conclusions about the nature of the problem or organization under study. 'Making the diagnosis' is therefore essential to the performance improvement process. The purpose of this article is to examine how HRD practitioners can improve the effectiveness of their diagnoses by drawing on the practices of diagnostic reasoning from the field of medicine. Diagnostic reasoning is the essential cognitive task of physicians, who rely on it to identify the underlying cause or causes of a patient's illness. I argue that this form of reasoning has both utility and validity in organizational settings to diagnose factors and causes of substandard performance at individual, team and organizational level of analysis.


The current flap about stimulus materials is viewed by some of those treating offenders as a misguided overreaction to pornography, perhaps a bizarre coalition among fundamentalists, law enforcement officials, and victim advocates who cannot understand the need for strong assessment and treatment techniques. Clinicians are frustrated to have to prove yet again their legitimacy. Those treating victims, however, point out that every time


High data rate communication devices demand high relative bandwidth and therefore wide band filters are necessary. In infrastructure systems like base stations and microwave radio-links, such filtering function was carried out by ceramic filter technology. They were preferred for their low in-band ripple and VSWR necessary for low EVM and amplifier linearity. We have developed a design technique allowing SAW devices to advantageously replace ceramic filters in many systems .One important parameter that determines the performance of a piezoelectric device is the electromechanical coupling coefficient. RF filters designed on widely used 42?Y-X LiTaO3 are not meeting the stringent specification requested by infrastructure systems. To increase the width of the bandwidth and reduce the in-band ripple, a material with high electromechanical coupling coefficient is needed. This paper describes the search for the optimal working point using a full FEM/BEM approach and proposes a new design technique on 41?Y-X LiTaO3. This technique is applied to high reliability RF filters. On 41?Y-X LiTaO3, bandwidths larger than 8% at 3 dB attenuation are achieved leading to very low amplitude ripple. A GSM Rx filter for base station at 1747.5 MHz is demonstrated. Filter bandwidth is 140 MHz leading to ripple in the frequency band 1710 MHz to 1785 MHz being lower than 0.2 dB nominal and 1 dB over temperature and total 6 sigma manufacturing. Insertion loss is 2.5 dB while image rejection is better than 45 dB. Size is 3 ? 3 mm2 in a high reliability ceramic cavity package. The close correspondence between simulation and measurement demonstrates the ability of our methodology to design SAW devices rapidly and accurately on virtually any material. The filters designed by this technique on 41?Y-X LiTaO3 are demonstrating a wide band and very low in-band ripple perfectly matching the infrastructure systems requirement.


A series of �,�-unsaturated carbonyl compounds (chalcones) was obt ained with an average yield of 67% by the Claisen-Schmidt cond ensation from the respective substituted acetophenones and benzaldehy des in m-position The spectroscopic characterization of these molecules w as performed using the conventional techniques such as nuclear magnetic re sonance ( 1 H- and 13 CNMR) and infrared spectroscopy (IR).


The main focus of this diploma thesis is women's personal experience in connection to menstruality. Menarche, menstrual cycle and menopause are topics which are in our culture in particular addressed in terms of reproductive function and regulation of body fluids. This paper offers insights into experience on a personal level.
The theoretical part looks at the topic through different representations of menstrual cycle, mainly through time-component and cultural component. Discussion is also dedicated to men and their relationship to the topic, to medicalization of reproductive processes and it shades light on various aspects of premenstrual period. It offers body literacy as one of possible copping strategies in connection to menstruality. The research part is based on perosnal narratives of four women. It presents their intimate experience through their own life context, addresses difficulties and dilemmas they are facing and seeks solutions they implemented into their daily lives.


Reversible data hiding (RDH) has been intensively studied in the community of signal processing. Also referred as invertible or lossless data hiding, RDH is to embed a piece of information into a host signal to generate the marked one, from which the original signal can be exactly recovered after extracting the embedded data.The earlier algorithm enhances the contrast of a host image to improve its visual quality, instead of trying to keep the PSNR value high. The highest two bins in the histogram are selected for data embedding so that histogram equalization can be performed by repeating the process. The original image is completely recoverable; the side information is embedded along with the message bits into the host image.


The role of new ship requirements in promoting technological advances in ship design and operation is discussed, with special reference to the effects of the environment on loading and responses and to the determination of design values and operational criteria. Three types of ship response are selected for more detailed discussion, all related to the distribution of hydrodynamic loads on ships in waves: (1) bending moments; (2) accelerations; and (3) pressures. Bending moment trends of VLCC's and containerships are illustrated, showing the effect of ship length and shape on the trends and their magnitude. Accelerations are discussed with reference to the determination of inertia forces on various structural members and mechanical components, and trends with ship length and type are also shown. The effect of phase angle between ship motion and acceleration response is also discussed. The use of a detailed external pressure distribution on the hull as a means of inputing loads for structural analysis is given along with the theoretical model required to calculate these pressures. A scheme for determining the pressure at any point on the ship surface is given and a short discussion of transient effects is presented. The effects of these responses on the operation of the ship and on decisions made by the officer on the bridge is discussed in relation to onboard heavy weather hull surveillance systems.


The Indian textile's industry takes to be present one of the supports of the Indian budget. Rajapalayam is the hubs of textile productions and is actuality led by the disorganized trivial and standard industry. Therefore, safety and welfare measures are the main concern for the employees in any spinning mills because the employee's welfare and safety on and off the job within the spinning mills is the vital concern of the employer. It contains several accommodations, amenities, and services provided to employees for enlightening their well-being, efficacy, economic furtherance and societal prestige. Consequently, the present study procedures descriptive and explanatory approach, the data collected done questionnaire among 288 employees working in six spinning mills in Rajapalayam region, Tamil Nadu. To establish the employee perception towards welfare measures and safety selected spinning mills to recover the employee welfare and safety measures should be improved.


The fiber-structured W-Cu contact material was produced by infiltration in vacuum sintering furnace.The dielectric strength,chopping current and arc erosion was measured and analyzed.The results show that the dielectric strength gradually increases,then tends stabilization;current volatile is less in discharge curve,arc stability is high,Chopping current reduces when arc reach zero.It can be observed from the eroding surface in the sample that the fiber-structured tungsten-copper contact materials only have small pitting and splashing droplets,which exhibits well anticorrosion properties.


Based on Web2.0 era of social software characteristics,this paper proposed an advanced models of informal learning based on Web2.0 technology and a lightweight platform integration strategy.


In the 21th century, the development trend of adult education should be to establish and perfect an education system which helps ones life study as well as the internet education and district education. We should depend on policy regulation, education force of colleges interior and active participation of society, take measures of free admittance , elastic period of schooling polyploid schooling , and for the need of one' s occupation. All these measures above can develop the adult education rapidly.


And if Constantine the emperor were not problem enough, we all know that Constantinianism has been very bad for the church. Or do we know these things? Peter Leithart weighs these claims and finds them wanting. And what's more, in focusing on these historical mirages we have failed to notice the true significance of Constantine and Rome baptized. For beneath the surface of this contested story there emerges a deeper narrative of the end of Roman sacrifice--a tectonic shift in the political theology of an empire--and with farreaching implications. In this probing and informative book Peter Leithart examines the real Constantine, weighs the charges against Constantinianism, and sets the terms for a new conversation about this pivotal emperor and the Christendom that emerged. Shadow Days: A Penguin Special from Philomel Books (Nightshade) ● Gemstones (Eyewitness Handbooks) ● The De Re Militari of Vegetius ● Never Say Goodbye: A Medium's Stories of Connecting With Your Loved Ones by Patrick Mathews, ● Rojas (Editor), Connie Hill (Editor), Sandy Leuthner (Editor) Alice's Adventures in Wonderland Les Aventures d'Alice au Pays des Merveilles: Bilingual parallel text ● Bilingue avec le texte parallèle: English ... Language Easy Reader t. 3) (French Edition) Freshwater Road ● Royal Blood: (Royal Blood #1) ● How To Become An Enlightened Psychic Detective And Remote Viewer ● Storia intima dei ceti medi: Una capitale e una periferia nell'Italia del miracolo economico (Quadrante ● Laterza) (Italian Edition) Introduction to Loudspeaker Design ● The Spencer Family ● Building a Better Delivery System: A New Engineering/Health Care Partnership ● Network Management Principles and Practice ● James and the Giant Peach: The Book and Movie Scrapbook ● Humankapital. Die Definition nach Adam Smith im Vergleich zur heutigen Situation (German Edition) ● Biography of Walt Disney: The Inspirational Life Story of Walt Disney The Man Behind "Disneyland" ● (Biographies of Famous People Series) El váter de Onetti (Tusitala) (Spanish Edition) ● I T T: The Management of Opportunity ● Borderless World Power and Strategy In The ●


Starting from 3-dimensional model, we investigate the effect of dc space-charge fields on the equilibrium orbits of electrons in free-electron lasers, and find the appearance of a new unstable range of the electron equilibrium orbits.


This essay was written in response to an overview of public funding for jazz in Australia and the lack of media coverage the art form experiences. The essay examines some options for working jazz musicians individually and collectively to improve their working conditions and wages.


In order to solve the problem of fast acquisition of weak direct sequence spread spectrum (DSSS) signals under the condition of large dynamic, this paper proposes a modified DSSS signal acquisition algorithm based on the double block zero padding algorithm. The proposed algorithm realizes segmented Doppler search by frequency compensation of the baseband signal, then the code Doppler of partial correlation result is corrected by pre-compensating local pseudo-code and the Keystone transform. In addition, the computational cost of the algorithm is reduced by introducing the sparse fourier transform. Theoretical analysis and simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can effectively eliminate the influence of large dynamic on long-term accumulation of the weak DSSS signals. Compared with the representative algorithm, the proposed algorithm, which reduces the computational cost by 48.9% when the coherent accumulation time is 5ms, has higher computational efficiency.


There were numerous reformist efforts in religion before and during the nineteenth century, particularly among religious liberals who rejected biblical literalism, institutional authoritarianism, and theological supernaturalism. But the most philosophically important types of liberal revisionism were "speculative," in a specific sense of the term. Though it is often used more loosely, its precise sense rests on the metaphor of the mirror (Latin speculum ) reflecting and conforming its image to what enters its visual field. In speculative religion this visual metaphor is extended to the direct reflection of the divine in the human mind or will. Speculation is not just thinking about a putatively divine or absolute being. It is a reflexivity conforming thought and sensibility to what is divine. The metaphor of speculation was common in late classical and medieval thought, particularly in neo-Platonic philosophy and Augustinian theology, as the mirroring of a prototypical reality in the mind or God in the soul. The Spinozistic intuition of the one substance, or the intellectual love of God, is speculative in this sense. Hegel introduced speculation into nineteenth-century philosophy, and others, not necessarily using the term, employed recognizable types of such speculative thinking in their conceptions of religion. Speculative religion does not proceed from alleged revelatory or miraculous events in history, though it may inform an interpretation of traditional teachings. Neither does it employ inferential reasoning from natural phenomena in the manner of deistic "natural religion." Its reflexivity distinguishes it from the epistemic dualism of subject and object characteristic of empiricism: hence the disdain of empiricists for "mere speculation." It is admittedly not the aim of speculative thinking to provide information about the empirical world, but rather to reflect what may be of ultimate interest to human self-understanding.


We call a subgroup H nearly S-permutably embedded in a group G if a Sylow p-subgroup of H is a Sylow p-subgroup of some nearly S-permutable subgroup in G. In this paper we introduce the class ${\mathfrak{E}_{ns}}$ of all groups G in which every p-subgroup is nearly S-permutably embedded. Some properties of ${\mathfrak{E}_{ns}}$ groups are established. The relation between ${\mathfrak{E}_{ns}}$-groups and other group classes (defined by means of nearly S- permutability) is discussed.


The role of circ_0089153 in breast cancer (BCa) malignancy development was explored. circ_0089153 expression in BCa was analyzed by Gene Expression Omnibus database. Clinical tissues were obtained from 90 BCa patients. Cell counting kit‐8 assay, 5‐ethnyl‐2 deoxyuridine assay and colony formation experiment were applied for proliferation detection. Wound healing assay and Transwell experiment were used for migration and invasion detection. Dual luciferase reporter gene assay, RNA immunoprecipitation assay and RNA pull‐down assay were conducted. In vivo growth and metastasis of BCa cells were performed. Quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction, Western blot and immunohistochemistry were applied for RNAs and proteins expression. The up‐modulated circ_0089153 indicated an unfavorable survival of BCa patients. circ_0089153 knockdown attenuated BCa cells proliferation, migration, invasion and epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) (P < .01). circ_0089153 was miR‐2467‐3p sponge. Low miR‐2467‐3p expression indicated a worse survival of BCa patients. miR‐2467‐3p overexpression reduced BCa cells proliferation, migration, invasion and EMT (P < .05). circ_0089153 enhanced BCa cells proliferation, migration, invasion and EMT by sponging miR‐2467‐3p (P < .05). E2F6 was directly suppressed by miR‐2467‐3p. E2F6 high expression in BCa patients associated with worse survival. circ_0089153 knockdown suppressed in vivo BCa cells growth and lung metastasis (P < .01). circ_0089153 was an oncogene in breast cancer, which enhanced proliferation and metastasis through sponging miR‐2467‐3p/E2F6. circ_0089153 was suggested to be a potential target for BCa target treatment.


The thermal stability of the denuded zone (DZ) created by high–low–high-temperature annealing in high carbon content (H[C]) and low carbon content (L[C]) Czochralski silicon (Cz-Si) has been investigated in a subsequent ramping and isothermal 1050 °C annealing. The tiny oxygen precipitates which might occur in the DZ were checked. It was found in the L[C] Cz-Si that the DZ shrank and the density of bulk micro-defects (BMDs) reduced with the increase of time spent at 1050 °C. Also, the DZs above 15 µm of thickness present in the H[C] Cz-Si wafers continuously and the density and total volume of BMDs first decreased then increased and finally decreased again during the treatments. Moreover, tiny oxygen precipitates were hardly generated inside the DZs, indicating that H[C] Cz-Si wafers could support the fabrication of integrated circuits.


Bournemouth party conference in October 1990 epitomized much of the problem. It proved stronger on cheap nostalgia for the earlier glories of her radical revolution than on truly constructive future policies regarding such spheres as education, health, and the environment where public confidence in her capacities and her good faith had so severely fallen. Then there was her petulant performance at the EC's Rome summit. This confirmed the accuracy of Morgan's observations about her 'talent for implying that somehow she did not belong to her own Cabinet'. It also sharpened the question as to how much longer senior colleagues would remain compliant about acting out the humiliating farce, scripted in ministerial 'double-speak', which had been composed in a desperate effort to convince the British that her administration had a coherent policy towards European integration. Early in November, Sir Geoffrey Howe gave one exasperated answer that served further to undermine Mrs Thatcher's authority. The rest, as they say, is history. It is upon the particularist propensities of the British, so crudely exploited for her own purposes by Mrs Thatcher, that Morgan has himself chosen to focus at the end of his study. There he indicates how far the failure to recover from the victory of 1945 has been linked to the national epic of 'standing alone' in 1940 and, especially, to a misreading of the historical lessons associated with 'Dunkirk'. During the war Britain may have come of age, in Taylor's terms, but to what purpose? While Morgan credits the nation with a lively distinctiveness in certain spheres since 1945, he stresses also the extent to which a tradition of particularist self-satisfaction has produced on the contemporary scene 'an inherent lack of energy, initiative, and perhaps ambition, a kind of public exhaustion'. A judgment phrased in this way can readily conjure up images of 'heat-death'. In that case, are we permitted to console ourselves with the thought that, within the world of politics as distinct from physics, such a process is theoretically reversible? However, if reversal does not occur before the end of our present millennium, we shall then be all the more tempted to treat the history of Britain during the second half of the twentieth century as essentially a chronicle of overall decline the tale of a people drifting, more or less peacefully, from Attlee towards entropy.


A process for the realization of a subscriber-related mixing in a subscriber network, - a plurality of station sets (102) - a plurality of subscriber terminals (101), to a subscriber terminal at least one user apparatus (102) is connected by means of a to be realized in the form of electrical transmission link (111), and - having a subscriber terminals for the plurality of common central unit (103) connecting the subscriber sets to a public switched telephone network, in which subscriber network, data transmission takes place between the plurality of subscriber devices and the central processing unit in a time-division manner in successive transmission frames via a common transmission path (110), and according to which method - subscriber-related mixing sequences in the central processing unit (103) are formed and the data of the corresponding subscriber from any mixing sequence in mixing elements (67) are mixed, characterized in that the mixing sequences of the subscriber is stored in the central unit (103) of the network, each of the time slots of the transmission frame of a to be transmitted to the subscriber terminals signal correspond, and dasVermischungssequenzdaten of the subscriber in ...


This paper aims to explore the structure and function of political system that became prominent under the Stalin regime during 1920-1940. Bolsheviks, members of the Russian Communist Party treated political propaganda and agitation as central to their political agenda. They disregarded the public's reason and collective consciousness. The plight of workers who were subject to materialistic forces were culturally and intellectually inferior who sought political guidance. Accordingly, based on Socialist Realism, a number of political symbols e.g. 'vozhd(Вождь)', 'Stachanov', 'enemy of the people', 'Zoya Кosmodemianskaya', 'stalingrad', etc. became a prominent feature of the reigning system. This was later challenged by Socialism and a radical change followed after the establishment of De-Stalinization policy which aimed at eradicating the memory and influence of Stalin or Stalinism, it pursued elimination of the symbols and promoted political nihilism that eventually led to the collapse of the USSR.


In their article, Corcia et al. describe a series of 9 patients suffering from primary lateral sclerosis (PLS) coming from different family clusters, in which every individual had a first- or second-degree relative affected by amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). The authors concluded from their results, that adult-onset PLS might be an inherited disease, and that there was a continuum between PLS and ALS, as both diseases coexisted in the reported kinships [1].


The crystal field effect has been studied in the linear Ising model which can be solved exactly. For spins S= 1/2 , 1, (3)/(2) it is easy to diagonalize the transfer matrix analytically, but for spins S> (3)/(2) , the transfer matrices are diagonalized numerically. The numerical results are accurate to seven decimal places and can be treated as exact for all practical purposes. Crystal field has no effect on spin‐ 1/2 systems, its effect has been studied in systems with spins S> (1)/(2) . The ferromagnetic as well as the antiferromagnetic sysceptibilities have been computed for the systems with and without the crystal field. It has been found that, for small crystal fields, the susceptibility behavior is not much different from that in the absence of crystal field. But for large crystal fields, not only the antiferromagnetic susceptibilities but the ferromagnetic susceptibilities also start showing maxima which appear for integer spins only.


Civil wars have been raging in regions of Africa, bringing tremendous emotional and physical mayhem and destruction to populations and infrastructures. Much attention has been given to descriptions of child soldiers and the war, but little is known about the circumstances of young Liberians in post-conflict situations. This study explores the ways in which young Liberians are surviving in the post-conflict Liberian context. We used qualitative data collected in Liberia using key informants focusing on individuals who work with young Liberians. We found that young Liberians are suffering from trauma and are engaging in violence, substance abuse, and sexual violence. They have also developed mechanisms for survival that include a high level of adultification, a phenomenon by which young people take on adult responsibilities. Key informants felt that young Liberians have problems respecting authority and accepting help. Furthermore, they are influenced by negative peers. These behaviors increase young Liberians' participation in high-risk behaviors, exacerbate existing trauma, and raise serious questions about the rebuilding of Liberia.


This article concerns the usage of three-dimensional data visualization, in linguistics in general and in lexicography in particular. It shows how it is used in effect as applied to frequency lists of taxonomical works, and how it can be used effective to display relevant information from these frequency lists. Several ways to visualize linguistic data are reviewed over the course of this paper. They depend both on the methods used and on the kind of information that is gleaned from the data. Thus it is seen how lexicography can benefit from data visualization in general and how frequency lists in particular can be effectively visualized.


The invention discloses a pressure stop valve used on a refrigerant storage tank. The pressure stop valve used on the refrigerant storage tank comprises a hand wheel, a valve body, a lower interface, a side port, a first valve rod, a stop pin, an O-shaped sealing ring, a first piston, a first sealing gasket, a second valve rod, a second piston, a spring, a limit clamp, and a second sealing gasket. The pressure stop valve used on the refrigerant storage tank can close automatically and guarantees that a few of refrigerants with certain pressure are left in the storage tank, other refrigerants or working mediums are prevented from mixing into the refrigerants in the storage tank, and the refrigerants can be filled into the storage tank through special tools of manufacturers.


Venus flytraps are perhaps the world's most well-known carnivorous plant. They rely on small insects to acquire nitrogen, as the swampy environment that they inhabit in southeastern United States' Carolina coastal plains is insufficient in nitrogen. We studied the effect that soil nitrogen levels have on the flytrap's carnivorous behavior. We manipulated soil nitrogen levels to produce nitrogensufficient and nitrogen-deficient growth conditions for Venus flytraps. We then compared the closure time of the snap traps of the plants in nitrogen-sufficient and nitrogen-deficient soil, following touch stimulus. We found that flytraps in nitrogen-rich soil exhibited longer closure times. We concluded that, because the plants were grown in a nitrogen-rich environment, they did not require supplemental insect nitrogen, and were possibly conserving energy by responding less vigorously to touch stimulus.


The article focuses upon a process that was central to the articulation of Islamic yoga : the translation into Islamic categories of the yogic or esoteric body, that which Sanskrit sources commonly refer to as the suksma (subtle) body,or puryastaka. In the second part of the essay, the autor explores issues that arise in framing inquiry into this material.


Emotional Intelligence is a lot of delicate aptitudes or else the bury and intra-individual abilities of a person which thinks about one's feelings, oversee feelings, inspires one, perceive feelings in others, and to deal with the connections.. Emotional intelligence assumes an imperative job in improving the exhibition of an individual and an Organization. Work Life Balance is a provocative subject for IT officials and has likewise esplanade the specialists to do investigate in this theme. This study was led to discover the effect of Emotional Intelligence and Work life Balance on Organizational Performance with Special reference to ladies IT representatives in Chennai. Survey was conducted among 386 women IT representatives working in the IT organizations of Chennai. In this descriptive research, the convenience sampling method was used. The analysis was done by SPSS 21.0. Statistical tests such as One Way ANOVA, Chi Square Test, Correlation and Regression analysis are incorporated. The discoveries uncovered that there is a noteworthy effect of enthusiastic knowledge and work life balance on Organizational Performance of ladies IT experts in Chennai.


Shows Tara, chief of the Ngati Tai, near Auckland. He wears a long flax cloak with fringing of soft feathers or fur around the neck and hem. He holds a long-handled tewhatewha (sharpened club), and wears moko.
Tara was the father of Ngeungeu Maxwell - see plate 3. (Publ-0014-03)
Quantity: 1 colour photo-mechanical print(s).
Physical Description: Lithograph, coloured 335 x 229 mm


On 21 July 1997 the Foreign and Commonwealth Secretary announced the United Kingdom's decision to accede to the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea ("the Convention"), a decision which was acted upon four days later in New York. The United Kingdom thus became the 119th State to establish its consent to be bound by the Convention and the 82nd party to the Agreement of July 1994 on the Implementation of its Part XI ("the Implementation Agreement").


In this article, the authors note that, although literature on under-represented, under-served, marginalised students in two- and four-year colleges arguably calls for additional examination, little is known about LGBTQ (lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer) students at community colleges. This exploratory study, emergent in nature, used a qualitative approach and aimed to provide a distinct view of the everyday life of LGBTQ people attending community colleges. It was guided by the following questions: What are the coming-out experiences of community college LGBTQ students? Are student support services for LGBTQ students at community colleges considered adequate? Do LGBTQ students and faculty/staff allies perceive the community college climate welcoming?


Today, with high revolution on biomedical domain combined to data mining application, research on text application in the context of information extraction is becoming very essential. Biomedical publications are unstructured in nature, making it difficult to utilize data mining or knowledge discovery techniques to retrieve needed documents. This article introduce a based Support Vector Machine (SVM) Information Extraction from Biomedical domain by adopting the use of text mining framework. Three main structures ( Text gathering, Text Pre-processing, Data Analysis) are illustrated to give a input for the text Pre-processing phase. Finally by increasing the precision and recall rate of the information retrieval, good framework performances successfully retrieves the Biomedical documents. Key-Words: Data Mining; biomedical text extraction; retrieval; environment; development; information.


ATM To observe the intrahepatic HDAg and pathologicalchanges following artificial serial passages of HDV infection in tupaiae.METHODS All of the experimental animals used in thisstudy are wild tupaiae. In the serial Passages, the first tupaia was inoculated with human HDV positive serum, 4 tupaiae of the second passage with 0.4 mL of the serum ofthe first passage, and the 5 tupaiae of the third with0 .4 mL of the 2nd passage. All of the 9 tupaiae were inoculated with human HBV positive serum 3 -- 5 weeks beforeHDV injection. Blood samples and liver tissue specimenswere collected once a week for at least 6 weeks.Patho-logical changes (H. E. stain), intrahepatic HDAg (S--Pmethod) and HDV RNA (hybridization in situ ) were studied.RESULTS Surum HDAg was detectable in 3/ 4 of the 2ndPassage, in 4/ 5 of the 3rd, and HDV RNA was detectablein 4/ 6. HDAg was expressed in the liver tissue in 3/ 4 ofthe 2nd passage and in all the 5 of the 3rd Passage, whichwas in nucleus type, plasma type, membrane type andmixed type. It appeared from the 2nd week and lastedmore than 6 weeks. HDV RNA was expressed mainly in thenucleus of the hepatocytes. There were viral hepatitis--likepatholOgical changes in the liver tissue, such as degeneration, spot or local necrosis and inflammatory infiltrationin the portal space.CONCLUSION Pathological changes and HDAg expressionin the liver tissue were quite similar to those in chimpanee. Tupaia may be used as an ideal animal model ofHDV infection.


Purpose – Hypermarket is the most successful amongst organised retail formats in India. The purpose of this paper is to identify segments of hypermarket shoppers based on shopping motivation. The study profiles the identified segments on demographic characteristics and shopping outcomes, and compares the shopping motivation of hypermarket consumers with that of traditional store shoppers. Design/methodology/approach – The study involved a survey of 201 actual shoppers in a hypermarket and that of 117 actual shoppers in 20 traditional stores. Principal components analysis of the motives for shopping at hypermarket and traditional store identified the respective dimensions of shopping motivation. Cluster analysis of the factor scores obtained on shopping motivation at hypermarket revealed the typology of hypermarket shoppers. Chi-square test and MANOVA were used to profile the identified segments of hypermarket shoppers on demographic characteristics and shopping outcomes respectively. Findings – Results re...


This paper presents several designs of multiband and solar rectennas. The procedure in order to perform multiband optimization of rectenna elements is presented and two design examples of 850 MHz/1850 MHz and 915 MHz/2.45 GHz dual band rectennas are discussed. Additionally, two designs of compact solar rectennas where the solar cells share the area of the radiating element in the rectenna structure are shown one of them operating in the 850 MHz/1850 MHz bands and the other at 2.45 GHz.


The screening method of degrading rice-straw was studied.The degradation rate of cellulose hemicellulose and degradation rate of straw were used as index and new concept of screening strains suitable for degrading rice-straw was proposed.Rice straw powder agar plate was used in preliminary screening method.Rice straw powder pretreated with 1 % NaOH was used as fermentation culture medium in the replicated screen.One strain that could degrade rice straw was obtained.Fermentation characteristics and degradation situation of rice straw of the strain was studied.Therefore the foundation for future straw degrading was established.Degradation rate of the optimal strain of cellulose,hemicellulose and rice straw reached 72 %,93 % and 84 % respectively.


Language technology is already largely adopted by most Language Service Providers (LSPs) and integrated into their traditional translation processes. In this context, there are many different approaches to applying Post-Editing (PE) of a machine translated text, involving different workflow processes and steps that can be more or less effective and favorable. In the present paper, we propose a 3-step Post-Editing Workflow (PEW). Drawing from industry insight, this paper aims to provide a basic framework for LSPs and Post-Editors on how to streamline Post-Editing workflows in order to improve quality, achieve higher profitability and better return on investment and standardize and facilitate internal processes in terms of management and linguist effort when it comes to PE services. We argue that a comprehensive PEW consists in three essential tasks: Pre-Editing, Post-Editing and Annotation/Machine Translation (MT) evaluation processes (Guerrero, 2018) supported by three essential roles: Pre-Editor, Post-Editor and Annotator (Gene, 2020). Furthermore, the pre-sent paper demonstrates the training challenges arising from this PEW, supported by empirical research results, as reflected in a digital survey among language industry professionals (Gene, 2020), which was conducted in the context of a Post-Editing Webinar. Its sample comprised 51 representatives of LSPs and 12 representatives of SLVs (Single Language Vendors) representatives.


an English title of each illustration that is also in Latin. There is no explanatory text. All the labels of the illustrations are in Latin. The 1960 revised PNA terminology is used. The illustrations are with few exceptions , half-tone photoengravings. The authors state that they were done by artists trained in anatomical drawing and color was used with didactic intent. The contents of the volumes are as follows: Vol. The illustrations are accurate and a cursory check of the labels uncovered only one error. Considering all of the time and effort that have gone into the preparation of these volumes, the results are disappointing. There is nothing novel in the presentation of the material. In a number of instances the colors used are unattractive and of little didactic value. Although good quality gloss paper is used, the illustrations lack the crispness of detail found in a number of atlases currently available which, in my opinion, are far superior to the three volumes and yet cost about the same. Electron Microscopic Anatomy represents a significant step towards a much needed comprehensive text on the submicroscopic morphology of mammalian tissues. It has become increasingly necessary in the last few years to organize and summarize the vast accumulation of data on the fine structure of tissues and to present this information in a single volume. The present text, in part, fulfills these requirements and should be of use to both electron microscopists and those engaged in other areas of study who require a handy reference on fine structural anatomy. Each chapter is written by an authority on the fine structure of the tissue described. The initial chapter concerns general cytology and serves to orient the reader to basic structures and terminology. The following chapters present the normal fine structure of the liver, pancreas, salivary glands, stomach and intestines, blood, lymphoid tissue, adrenal, thyroid, kidney, muscle, cartilage, bone, and the nervous system. In general, these chapters are well written and there is a proper balance between length of text and number of figures. For the most part, the authors present only fine structural morphology and resist the temptation to speculate on function only on the basis of structure. The illustrations vary in quality from average to excellent. The references are up-to-date, well selected, and complete. While it still may not be practical at present to cover every tissue in detail, there are some …


The ion sensitive field effect transistors (ISFETs) have been increasingly used in physiological data acquisition and environmental monitoring in recent years. The pH monitoring of river, waste water or urine has become more important in daily life. In order to investigate the read-out circuit performance due to non-ideal characteristics of ISFETs, this work develops a behavioral macromodel for a depletion-mode ion sensitive field effect transistor with a silicon nitride gate-insulator. This model included co-design of the bridge-type floating source interface circuit. The developed models consider non-ideal drift effects of the ISFETs. In addition, the proposed readout circuitry has been fabricated in a 0.35µm double-poly tetra-metal CMOS technology. The simulation results of the developed macromodel were compared with the experimental measurements. The modeled-versus-measured fit of the dependence of drift rate over an 18-hour period, pH range of 2~12 and temperature range of 5~35 o C present an RMS error of 2.2%, 2.4% and 6.6%, respectively. The proposed model and readout circuitry can be adopted for commercial ISFET-based pH meter applications.


Remote sensing studies of vegetation are frequently supported by in situ spectral reflectance measurements. However, collecting these measurements in the field is frequently expensive, both in terms of time and financial commitments. While it is generally recommended that spectral reflectance measurements are acquired on clear, windless days within 2 hours of solar noon, such ideal weather conditions are often illusive, forcing the researcher into a decision whether to abandon their fieldwork or to try and extend their collection activities into less-than-ideal conditions. In this paper we measured the effects of variable atmospheric opacity (i.e. cloud cover) and solar zenith angles on in situ spectral reflectance measurements and found that, with frequent instrument calibration, it is possible to collect useable spectra.


[Objective]To understand the knowledge and attitude to the avian influenza of nomadic population in railway station of Beijing city.[Methods]Stratified Random Sampling was adopted to interview on two railway stations.[Results]57.08% nomadic population of railway station knowed someone had gotten the avian influenza in our country that government announced.Televisions and newspapers were main routes of transmission of avian influenza knowledge.Different educational backgrounds of nomadic population had different recognition scores(P0.05) and the more level,the more scores.The nomadic population of enterprose had more scores than the other occupations' people(P0.05). 73.11% nomadic population believed the informations the government announced were true and 70.59% believed those were in time.71.43% nomadic population didn't worry about getting the avian influenza.[Conclusion]The nomadic population in railway station of Beijing city had the unvarying level about the avian influenza.The informations' opening was in favour of reducing the avian influenza's panics of the populace and preventing and controlling the occurrence and development of avian influenza.


The purpose of this paper is to draw attention to an innovative use of literature in social science research where the literature may not only be seen as a secondary source of data (Strauss & Corbin 1990) but may also serve as the basis for theory building (Lewis & Grimes 1999; Saunders et. al. 1999). This will be exemplified by attempting to construct a theory of 'IS business value' from the literature.


Immunohistochemical analysis of sentinel lymph nodes from patients with breast carcinoma and melanoma has been shown to increase the sensitivity for detecting lymph node metastases. To the authors' knowledge, this technique has not been described in patients with Merkel cell carcinoma.


Abstract Salinity stress has become the major devastating constraint for rice growth. Halotolerant rhizobacterial nitrogen fixer (HRNF) was investigated for increasing the nitrogenase activity (NA), organic acid (OA), gibberellic acid (GA), and indole 3-acetic acid (IAA) productions, seedling growth, and rice yield. Six N fixers were isolated using Ashby's (Ab1, Ab2, and Ab3) and Okon's media (Az1, Az2, and Az3). Furthermore, bioassay was carried out using rice seedling grown on nitrogen-free medium. The Ab3 and Az2 isolates were selected and biomolecularly identified as Pseudomonas stutzeri and Klebsiella pneumoniae, respectively. These selected bacteria were used as active ingredients for Halotolerant rhizobacterial inoculant (HRI) dosage trials (0, 500, 1,000, and 1,500 g ha−1) on simple pot experiments. The Az group isolates had 3–5 times higher ability in fixing N and producing OA, GA, and IAA than the Ab group isolates. Furthermore, N-uptake, number of panicles, filled grain, and the rice yield of HRI treated pots were significantly increased. Application of 1,000–1,500 g HRI ha−1 had resulted in a significant increase in the yield of rice grain (26.10–28.27 g plant−1 or 15.4–25.09%) which was higher than the control. This result concludes that HRI could contribute in enhancing the ability of rice to adapt and grow under saline stress.


Consumers' interest in smart home concepts has been increasing due to the rapidly expanding home appliances industry that introduces Wi-Fi enabled appliances. Manufacturers provide firmware that allows users to control appliances using smartphones from anywhere. Smart appliances, firmware, and smartphones connected to a cloud server for data storage to form a simple smart home automation system (SHAS). This paper reviews how SHAS is implemented and its recent progress. The authors' observation found that there is a growing interest among researchers and developers to study software-defined network, web services, and end-user development tools within 2016 and 2018. This progress caused by researchers' and developers' interest to mitigate heterogeneity issues in SHAS.


This article looks at the phrase "quality education" in a number of documents on education policy at the end of the twentieth century. It does so from the standpoint of analyzing the discourse on this point and to clarify the political and social meaning of education. The author argues the concept of "quality education" is a privileged point of reflection and one that combines all the ideas we want the properties of education to reflect. This study considers the pattern of the discourse on the quality of education as a precarious and relative way to assign meaning that is linked directly to the social order.


Study Design: A retrospective case series study. Objective: To investigate the clinical significance of postdecompression facet effusion (PDFE) after microendoscopic decompressive laminotomy (MEDL). Summary of Background Data: The facet joint effusion noted on magnetic resonance imaging was considered as an indicator of degeneration of the facet joints and segmental instability. PDFE occurring after MEDL might imply postdecompression segmental instability. Its clinical significance has not yet been clarified. Materials and Methods: From 2005 to 2010, 165 patients with degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis (average age: 64.5, average follow-up: 25.8 mo) who received MEDL were reviewed. We investigated the incidence of PDFE with preoperative and repetitive magnetic resonance imaging at 6 months postoperatively. The clinical data and treatment courses were reviewed. The treatment outcomes were evaluated with Oswestry Disability Index and Japanese Orthopedic Association scores. Results: The incidence of PDFE was 17.0% (n=28), which was significantly higher in patients receiving multilevel decompression and patients with scoliosis or spondylolisthesis. The intensity of low back pain was similar between patients with and without PDFE, but "mechanical" low back pain was only noted in patients with PDFE. Of the 28 patients with PDFE, only 9 symptomatic patients required invasive treatment (5 facet joint steroid injection, 3 revision MEDL, and 1 spinal fusion). Although the postoperative Oswestry Disability Index and Japanese Orthopedic Association scores were significantly worse these 9 patients, the final outcomes were good. Progression of spondylolisthesis was noted in 2 patients without PDFE but no patients with PDFE during the follow-up period. Conclusions: The relatively high incidence of PDFE after MEDL suggests that injury to the integrity of facet joint is inevitable during decompression of the stenosis, even using minimally invasive techniques. However, the overall stability is well preserved with very rare progression of spondylolisthesis. Most patients with PDFE are asymptomatic. The prognosis of PDFE is very good. Spinal fusion is rarely indicated.


diseases with mitochondrial defect usually does not produce severe visual deficiency. It can be diagnosed using fundoscopic examination and electroretinogram (ERG). We report the results of flash ERG recordings in a series of 17 children. Methods: Monocular ERG was performed at ages from 4 months to 13 years. ERG was recorded using disposable contact lens electrodes in the conscious child with eyes open, after topical anesthesia but without sedation. Stimulus was a white flash (color temperature 5600°K, energy at source 0.3J) applied in mesopic conditions (background light: 0.55lux). Analysis focused on aand bwaves amplitudes and latencies, and the a/b amplitude ratio. Results: Patients showed various clinical features including generalized muscle weakness with ophthalmoplegia (n = 2) or without (n = 9) and combined neuromuscular symptoms with ophthalmoplegia (n = 1) or without (n = 5). Fundoscopic examination was normal in 15 patients and showed typical salt and pepper retina in the two others. Various biochemical defects were diagnosed: carnitine palmitoyl transferase deficiency (n = 2) ; defects of β-oxydation (n = 8) ; respiratory chain complex I deficiency (n = 4) and complex IV deficiency (n = 3). ERG was normal in three patients including one with salt and pepper retina. It was extinguished in one patient with normal fundus. Thirteen patients showed various ERG changes. Global amplitude was increased in 7 patients, associated with increased a/b ratio in 2 of them. In 6 patients, the a/b ratio was increased with normal global amplitude. Latencies were always normal. We did not find any specific correlation between ERG results and biochemical data. Conclusion: ERG changes are early signs of mitochondrial diseases even in the absence of fundoscopic signs of retinal degeneration. Abstract


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Abstract The ternary rare earth gallides RERhGa3 with RE = La, Ce and Pr were synthesized by arc-melting and subsequent annealing in a muffle furnace. The gallides were characterized through Guinier powder patterns and the structure of LaRhGa3 was refined from single-crystal X-ray diffraction data: SrPdGa3 type, Cmcm, a = 639.2(2), b = 1030.9(2), c = 589.3(2) pm, wR2 = 0.0964, 416 F2 values and 19 variables. The rhodium and gallium atoms build up a three-dimensional polyanionic network [RhGa3] which is stabilized through Rh–Ga (245–251 pm) and Ga–Ga (267–295 pm) bonds and filled by the lanthanum atoms. The crystal chemical relationship with the structures of LaRh2Ge2 (ThCr2Si2 type), LaRh2Ga2 (CaBe2Ge2 type) and LaRhGe3 (BaNiSn3 type) is discussed.


Provides a response to the various calls which have been made by accounting researchers for detailed case studies of accounting practice. Provides a methodological study rather than a detailed case study. Aims to reposition the role of case studies in the continuing generation of alternative perspectives on accounting practice. Explores the dynamics of the interaction between theory and observation. Argues that there is a need for case‐based accounting researchers to become more directly involved in conversations concerning theories of the organizational and social functioning of accounting. Expresses the belief that accounting case studies can do more than "illustrate" particular social theories and that they have the potential to play a broader role in the development of accounting theory. Concludes that to secure such potential, accounting researchers should be, and in a post‐modern world can be, free to make use of existing theories, metaphors and prior case studies in a less constrained way than has hitherto been considered appropriate.


Background: Mounting evidence have shown that fecal microbiome can act as biomarkers for diagnosing colorectal cancer (CRC). Recent studies demonstrate that oral microbiome is concordant with gut microbiome. The role of oral microbiome in colorectal cancer has not been fully illustrated. Methods: We collected preoperational saliva with a final cohort of 237 patients who underwent surgical resections or colorectal endoscopy in XX Hospital from January 2018 to January 2020. Clinical demographics, comorbidities and oral conditions were obtained from medical records or questionnaires. Salivary microbial biomarkers were detected by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) after DNA extraction. Multivariate logistics regression analysis was employed to analyze the risk factors for colorectal cancer. A four-variable prediction model was constructed based on the logistics analysis.Results: Among the 237 patients enrolled, there were 95 endoscopy confirmed healthy control and 142 pathologically confirmed colorectal adenocarcinoma patients. Logistics regression analysis demonstrated that the risk factors associated with CRC included age at diagnosis (OR=1.111, 95%CI=1.072-1.151), male sex (OR=2.111, 95%CI=1.068-4.175), oral hygiene index (OR=1.769, 95%CI=1.116-2.804) and relative salivary Desulfovibrio desulfuricans (Dd) abundance (OR=1.156, 95%CI=1.05-1.272), based on which a four-variable model was developed. The four-variable model had good discriminative (Brier score=0.144, Concordance index=0.866) and calibration (0.834) abilities after bias correction. Conclusions: Elevated salivary Dd level is an independent risk factor for CRC. We have developed a four-variable model that could help identify at-risk patients for CRC.


A great international movement has been started for the annual recognition by the English-speaking nations of one day in common, but not a legal holiday, to be observed as a memorial of the great outstanding event in human liberty, the signing of the Magna Charta, the influence of which is felt in every nation; to arouse the consciousness of our race everywhere to the necessity of holding more closely together and of permitting no enemy to sow seeds of trouble between us; and to set aside the dangerous influence of radicalism in our midst by the corresponding growth of sound feeling in The Seven Nations. The International Magna Charta Day Assodation is asking the press to recognize the day editorially on or about June 15,and the churches and Sunday schools and people generally to observe the third Sunday in June as Magna Charta Sunday. Twenty thousand churches, Sunday schools and newspapers observed the <lay in 1923. Let 'us make it at least thirty thousand this year. A booklet setting forth the plans of the Association may be obtained at a nominal sum from the, founder of the movement, J. \V. Hamilton, 147 Kent street, St. Paul, Minnesota.


The invention relates to a superconducting device (22) that comprises an inductive current limiter (28a, 29b) with an annular element (27a, 27b) produced from high-Tc superconducting material. The device is further provided with a soft-magnetic yoke leg (26c, 26d) enclosed by said material and with a transformer (23) with primary and secondary windings (24, 25) and a soft-magnetic flux element (26) with a plurality of yoke legs (26a-26e). The magnetic flux element (26) is designed to contain between the primary winding (24) and the secondary winding (25) of the transformer (23) the yoke leg (26c, 26d) of the current limiter (28), the conductor of one winding (24) producing a switch current for the current limiter (28).


Dear Editor, Spindle cell lipoma (SCL) is a relatively uncommon benign neoplasm arising in the subcutaneous tissue of the shoulder and at the back of the neck of older male patients. It represents approximately 1.5% of lipomatous tumours. It is characterized by a mixture of mature fat, bland spindle cells and wiry collagen in a variably myxoid background. There are a few reports of aspiration cytology findings of these tumours in the literature. A cytomorphological appraisal of the tumour is presented. A 45-year-old man presented with a painless, welldefined soft tissue swelling (2 · 2 cm) on the right side of the nape of the neck. The patient stated that the lesion had been present for more than 6 months. The swelling was clinically thought to be an enlarged lymph node or a lipoma. No other masses were noted and the past medical history was otherwise unremarkable. Fine needle aspiration was performed using a 23-gauge needle and a 10-ml syringe fitted onto a Cameco holder. Both alcohol-fixed Papanicolaou and air-dried May-Grünwald–Geimsa-stained slides were prepared. Smears from the aspirated material were cellular. Spindle-shaped cells were seen scattered singly or in aggregates with mature adipose tissue and collagen in varying proportions (Figures 1 and 2). The spindle cells had pale and poorly defined cytoplasm. The nuclei were ovoid or fusiform, basophilic with mild anisonucleosis. Some myxoid material was identified in the aspirate (Figure 2d). Nuclear grooves with intranuclear cytoplasmic inclusions were seen in many nuclei (Figure 1). A few mast cells and ropy, wiry collagen was identified (Figure 2). The cytological diagnosis was that of a benign spindle cell lesion – most likely an SCL. The surgical specimen consisted of a circumscribed piece of adipose tissue measuring 2.2 · 2 · 1.5 cm. Microscopic examination revealed mature adipose tissue and collagen bundles with a proliferation of spindle-shaped cells. The spindle cells were set in a loose stromal matrix and showed minimal pleomorphism (Figure 3). Immunohistochemical examination of the specimen showed clearly positive CD34 and bcl2 (Figure 4) staining in the spindle cell component. SCL was first described by Enzinger and Harvey in 1975 with the aim of distinguishing it from myxoid lipoma/liposarcoma, a frequent misdiagnosis. SCL is a slow-growing benign tumour seen in men between the age of 45 and 70 years. This subcutaneous tumour is frequently located in the neck and upper back. However, unusual locations such as parotid, breast and orbit have also been reported. Cytological findings of SCL are fairly characteristic. The potential clues to diagnosis of SCL include bland spindle cells with only mild nuclear atypia, mature fat, myxoid background, wiry collagen and mast cells. This together with a typical clinical presentation allows a correct diagnosis even on fine needle aspiration. Differential diagnoses for the cytological findings include neurogenic tumours, dermatofibro-


2) Objective : To present a framework for the mining of opinions that can be applied in the discovery of knowledge of the customers about to their experiences, based on unstructured data extracted from social networks, and that is applicable to the reality of small and medium enterprises. 3) Methodology : This experimental research accessed data from the opinions of customers of four restaurants published in the social network TripAdvisor Brazil. The framework was based on the proposals formulated by Aranha (2007) and Feldman and Sanger (2007), techniques for Sentiment Analysis by Liu (2012) and Pang and Lee (2008) and Topic Modeling by Blei et al. (2012). 4) Originality : The relevance consists in proposing a solution that is both accessible to SMEs and capable of processing opinions in Portuguese, something not very common in literature. Almost all similar applications in literature are dedicated to the English language. 5) Main results : We highlight the generation of summaries and graphic visualizations that contribute to evidence knowledge about the relations between several expressions and terms that were not obvious. These allowed finding latent relationships between terms cited by different customers. 6) Theoretical contributions : The methodological solution uses efficient and state-of-the-art techniques and methods to extract, process, and analyze customer opinions on the Internet quickly, efficiently, and economically. 7) Social contributions : the framework developed presents an efficient, fast and economical way to mine data, presenting the results of the discovery of customer knowledge through the use of Sentiment Analysis and Topic Modeling techniques.