Several severe accidents in the chemical and process industry were caused by "atypical scenarios", that may be defined as unexpected scenarios which were not identified by conventional hazard identification processes. The accidents that took place in Buncefield, Tolouse and Seveso were characterized by atypical scenarios. Within the European Commission FP7 iNTeg-Risk project a specific tool, named DyPASI (Dynamic Procedure of Atypical Scenarios Identification), was developed. The aim of DyPASI is to make easier and systematic the inclusion of atypical incident scenarios in Hazard Identification (HAZID) processes, which are often unable to capture low probability or little known events. The method is based on a systematic review of the relevant past accidents and near misses. The aim of the present study was the analysis of the atypical scenarios in liquefied natural gas (LNG) regasification terminals by the DyPASI procedure. LNG is expected to play an increasingly important role in the natural gas industry and global energy markets in the next years. New technologies, mainly related to advanced floating and off-shore LNG terminals are now tackling the market of the new regasification plants proposed both in Europe and in the US. The four main categories that basically mirror the available regasification terminal lay-outs have been considered and analysed in the study: on-shore terminals, off-shore gravity based structures, off-shore floating storage and regasification units, and off-shore transport and regasification vessels. The application of the DyPASI methodology resulted in the comprehensive identification of potential risks of each lay-out, also taking into account uncommon events.


Introduction: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated lipodystrophy syndrome (LS) is defined as a redistribution of adipose tissue, metabolic and endocrine abnormalities, resulting from combined antiretroviral therapy (cART). Aim of this study was to evaluate LS in HIV-infected patients from Lower Silesia, Poland. Material and methods: One hundred and ten HIV-infected patients on cART for at leat 2 years were included. Two subgroups of patients were established: patients with no or slight symptoms of lipodystrophy – LS1; and patients with moderate and severe changes – LS2. The patients were also divided according to the type of LS: lipoatrophy, lipoaccumulation, both lipoatrophy and lipohypertrophy. Results: LS2 subgroup was significantly older, had much lower body weight, lower WHR, more advanced atherosclerotic changes. Patients with advanced lipodystrophy syndrome had very high packyear values. LS1 group had hypertension much more frequently than controls. Comparing with controls, LS2 had significantly lower low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, higher triglyceride levels, longer time of HIV infection, longer time of cART and cumulative time on cART (including PIs and NRTIs). A higher current CD4+ T-lymphocyte count and more frequent HCV infection in patients with more severe adipose tissue changes were of little statistical significance. Fat loss of face, limbs, buttocks and together with lipoaccumulation of abdomen were most common. Conclusions: Lipodystrophy syndrome is still observed in the vast majority of HIV-positive patients receiving antiretroviral therapy, especially those older and with longer time of cumulative NRTI and PI treatment. A great concern is needed to evaluate body composition and risk factors for metabolic changes to prevent their progression and healthy consequences. HIV AIDS Rev 2017; 16: 40-49 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5114/hivar.2017.65114


Some 600 million people worldwide have high blood pressure and nearly 3 million die every year as a direct result. Yet seven out of every 10 people with hypertension are not being treated adequately, according to WHO and the International Society of Hypertension (ISH). WHOand ISHhaveworked together to produce new guidelines aimed at reducing hypertension and lowering the risk of heart disease, heart attacks and strokes. The guidelines, which are based on the recommendations of experts from 23 countries, deal with issues such as diagnosing and grading hypertension, stratifying risk on the basis of multiple factors, and treating hypertension with various options that include both medications and adjustments in lifestyle. The WHO-ISH hypertension guidelines are intended for specialist physicians responsible for the care of patients with high blood pressure. They are complemented by a set of ``practice guidelines'' for general practitioners and other clinicians. Like the previousWHO-ISH guidelines issued in 1993, the 1999 guidelines concentrate on the management of patients with ``mild'' hypertension since there is often uncertainty about how to manage this condition. The guidelines deal with the management of more severe hypertension only in more general terms. WHO and ISH believe their latest guidelines come at a ``critically important time globally'' for reducing hypertension and preventing cardiovascular problems. The second half of the 20th century has seen a gradual drop in cardiovascular deaths in Australasia, Japan, North America and western Europe. The control of hypertension has also improved in these regions. For instance, the Health Examination Surveys in the USA showed that while 10% of hypertensive subjects had their blood pressure lowered to 140/90 mmHg in 1976±1980, by 1988±1991 the proportion had risen to 27%. Despite the progress, this still leaves more than 70% of subjects with imperfect control (or no treatment at all) of their hypertension. WHOand ISH say there are ``worrying signs'' that the rate of improvement has levelled out or even reversed in some cases. A recent survey in the United Kingdom indicated that only 6% of hypertensive patients had their blood pressure lowered to below 140/90 mmHg. More worrying, according to WHO and ISH, is the fact that cardiovascular disease is rapidly becoming an important factor in developing countries and in the newly independent states of the former Soviet Union. It is projected that death and disability from coronary heart disease and cerebrovascular disease are now increasing so quickly in these parts of the world that they will rank as first and fourth, respectively, among the causes of the global burden of disease by 2020. Because of hypertension's ``central role'' in coronary heart disease and stroke, ``one of the biggest challenges facing public health authorities andmedical practitioners is the control of hypertension worldwide'', WHO and ISH claim. High blood pressure, according to the WHO-ISH guidelines, includes both hypertension (defined as 140/90 mmHg or above) and ``high normal'' (between 130/85 mmHg and 140/90 mmHg). The guidelines acknowledge that high normal blood pressure also poses a threat to health. The new WHO-ISH classification of blood pressure levels has been harmonized with the guidelines of the United States Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation and Treatment of High Blood Pressure (JNC VI). Hypertension is divided into three grades of severity (to match the three stages used by JNC VI). TheWHO-ISH guidelines class optimal blood pressure as less than 120/80 mmHg, while normal blood pressure is classed as less than 130/85 mmHg. Lower blood pressure targets, i.e. below 130/85 mmHg, have been introduced because of evidence from recent trials that intensive reduction of high blood pressuremarkedly lowers death and disability from cardiovascular disease. The guidelines cover all six classes of hypertensive drugs (diuretics, beta-blockers, ACE inhibitors, calcium antagonists, angiotensin II antagonists, and alpha-blockers), emphasizing that the drug of choice for a particular patient depends on factors such as age, ethnicity and presence of other cardiovascular conditions. The properties of the different classes of drugs, and their effects on mortality and morbidity, are summarized in the guidelines. Combination drug therapy is recommended for patients whose blood pressure does not fall to optimal levels with single-drug treatment. According to WHO and ISH, lifestyle measures for reducing hypertension include stopping smoking, losing weight, limiting alcohol consumption, reducing salt intake, eating healthier food, taking more exercise, and learning to cope with stress. ``Smoking cessation is the single most powerful lifestyle measure for the prevention of both cardiovascular and non-cardiovascular diseases in hypertensive patients,'' according to the guidelines. ``All hypertensive patients who smoke should receive appropriate counselling for smoking cessation.'' Excess body fat is described as ``the most important factor predisposing to hypertension''. n


Part 1 (Morning session): Introduction and Noise and Shielding This tutorial will give an introduction to the issues and overall picture in designing real-time embedded systems. First the tutorial will provide the general principles used in design and development, illustrated with case studies and examples. Topics include: systems engineering, documentation, human interface, packaging, grounding and shielding, circuit design, power, cooling, software, review and testing, production, procurement, maintenance, and disposal. After the introduction will be specific discussions into electromagnetic noise and how to design circuits and shielding to avoid it. The topics include: mechanisms of noise coupling, shielding, electrostatic discharge (ESD), general diagnostics, layout of signal traces, cables, and enclosures. Part 2 (Afternoon session): Tradeoffs, Scheduling, Mission-Critical Systems, and Failures The second set of lectures gets into specifics of design and development and their tradeoffs. The lecture will begin by addressing the eternal question that faces most of us: Do we build? Or do we buy? What architecture do we choose? The choice is between custom development and purchasing components or subsystems for the final design. Issues covered are: specifications, time, cost, and resources. Many case studies and examples will be given. Then the tutorial will present specifics of scheduling and estimating design and development. Hopefully you will find ways you can improve your estimating accuracy. The tutorial will then cover issues in designing mission-critical and safety-critical systems.


The results of experimental creation of nanocomposites using femtosecond laser are presented. We have theoretically proved the formation of a carbon nanotube frame in a protein matrix during laser structuring of single-walled carbon nanotubes. We have selected the technological parameters of synthesis of nanocomposites, which provide the proliferation of living cells.


Spectrum analyzer is one of the radio frequency measuring instruments in common use.Appropriate detector types should be chosen to analyze and measure a variety of signals to show their characteristics correctly,the results would be inaccurate or absolutely wrong when inappropriate detector types are chosen.Various kinds of detector types of spectrum analyzer are introduced,the features and applications of sample detector,max peak detector,min peak detector,auto peak detector,normal detector,average detector,RMS detector and quasi-peak detector are analyzed in detail,the differences among them are concluded.


The invention provides a method for preparing microcrystalline glass from steel slag, which comprises the following steps: 1) uniformly mixing liquid steel slag, molten quartz sand, aluminum oxide and nucleating agent in a certain mass ratio; 2) carrying out water quenching on the uniformly mixed steel slag to obtain a glass cullet precursor, milling the glass cullet to obtain glass powder, and screening to remove larger powder particles; 3) adding the obtained glass powder into a prepared steel die, and carrying out cold-press molding; 4) carrying out heat treatment on the prepared blank in a heat treatment kiln; and 5) annealing the blank subjected to heat treatment to obtain the microcrystalline glass.


The protection of subway is the most important point of the design of deep foundation pits nearby the subway.Different measures should be used according to the building sequence of subway and deep foundation pit.Some special technologies are introduced in the design of deep foundation from the completed foundation works.It is hoped that this article will bring some good advices and references for the designers.


: Experimental investigations were conducted to evaluate the sound absorption property of porous mortar(POM)boards with 30mm in thickness. The test variables were the particle size of fine aggregate(0.6-1.2, 1.2-2.5, and 2.5-5mm)and the target voids(10, 20, and 30 %). The tests were carried out by adapting an in-situ measurement method using ensemble averaging technique, i.e. EA method. The main results obtained are as follows:(1)the first peak of absorption coefficient shifts to a high-frequency band and the peak and dip values become greater by increasing the particle size of fine aggregate and the void ratio of POM;(2)POM with 10 % in void ratio possesses very low absorption coefficient regardless of its particle size;and(3)POM with fine aggregate of 0.6-1.2mm possesses the sound absorption property with which a wide frequency band is covered as compared with POM with fine aggregate of over 1.2mm.


Purpose
The analysis of the circumpapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) is a major data in structural analysis in glaucoma. Since OCT development, analysis is on a circle of 3.4 mm diameter. This study evaluates the diagnostic capability of an RNFL analysis with different diameter measurements.

Methods
60 glaucomatous and 58 control patients had a complete ophthalmological exam to exclude patients with papillary morphological abnormalities (coloboma, dysversion …). Others had an OCT Spectralis (Heidelberg Engineering, Germany) of RNFL on 4 circles of different diameters: 3.4, 3.5, 4.1 and 4.7 mm. Only one eye per patient was randomly included. The diagnostic capabability of each of these circles was analyzed for global mean thickness and for each sector (temporal, temporal-superior, nasal-superior, nasal, nasal-inferior and temporal-inferior) by calculating areas under ROC curve (AUROC).

Results
Patients were comparable for clinical characteristics. In glaucomatous patient group, 58.9% of the patients were early glaucoma (MD> -6 dB) and 21.4% of the patients were severe (MD <-12 dB). For conventional RNFL measurement (3.4 mm), the temporal-inferior sector had the highest diagnostic capability with an AUROC of 0.916. For the 3.5 mm measurement, the global mean thickness of the RNFL had the highest diagnostic capability (AUROC = 0.909). For the 4.1 mm measurement, the global mean thickness of the RNFL had the highest diagnostic capability (AUROC = 0.915). For the 4.7 mm measurement, the average thickness of the temporal-inferior sector had the highest diagnostic capability (AUROC = 0.909). There was no statistically significant difference between these 4 AUROC.

Conclusions
Regardless of the diameter of RNFL analysis, the diagnostic capability remains very good with no significant difference in patients with normal papillary morphology.


The WiGig Alliance has recently introduced IEEE 802.11ay that standardizes the use of 60 GHz millimeter-wave (mmWave) frequency band for providing Gbps wireless connectivity on the move. However, for vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) systems using such standards, network reliability must be ensured when safety-critical signaling information is exchanged. The signals at mmWave frequencies are more prone to attenuation loss, penetration loss, weather effects and blockage. Therefore, placement of road side units (RSUs) is crucial for directional beam alignment, proper signal projection and vehicle tracking. This paper investigates the minimum RSU height required in multi-lane highways to guarantee all-time 60 GHz line of sight (LOS) connectivity for different lanes. The effect of distance of RSU base from highway is also studied. Further, numerical results analyze how both signal strength and overall system data rate wane with RSU height. These results are extended to other mmWave bands as well.


Seismic data often contain noise that can disturb or mask effective information. Noise elimination is an important and challenging task in seismic signal processing. Considering the high amplitude continuity of seismic events in the shot domain, this article proposes a structure-oriented denoising method that can enhance the effective events and suppress disturbing noise, including both incoherent and coherent noise. Based on the common-reflection-surface (CRS) travel time, the local slope of seismic events in the shot domain is deduced and estimated to provide structural information for plane-wave prediction. The proposed CRS-based slope depends on fewer parameters (two in 2-D) than the conventional full CRS travel time (three in 2-D), making it computationally efficient. Using the local slope, the third dimension is created using the plane-wave differential equation to predict the current trace from its neighbor traces and trimmed mean filtering (TMF) is applied in this dimension. The added dimension can be regarded as flattening the seismic events within a neighboring window and collapsing after the application of TMF. Synthetic and field datasets are employed to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed structure-oriented TMF. Compared with the wavelet and plane-wave destruction (PWD) methods, the proposed method can preserve more useful information with greater continuity in amplitude.


This article considers a single-product, make-to-stock manufacturing system facing random demand from two customer classes with different quality cost and profit parameters. Each outgoing product is inspected and graded on the basis of quality. Each customer class can only be served from the inventory of products of certain quality grades, if any exist, and the system may reserve a fraction of the inventory of some quality grade for customers of a certain class. The problem is one of finding a product quality grading plan and production and inventory rationing policies to maximize the mean profit rate of the system. The structures of the optimal production and order admission control policy are investigated numerically for the case when a specific quality grading plan is used. Based on this investigation, some simple and efficient threshold-type control policies are proposed. From numerical results, it appears that the proposed approach of coordinated quality, production control, and inventory control achieves higher profit than other manufacturing practices, in which there is little or no coordination between the production and quality control departments.


Rice paddies occupy the largest cultivated area in agricultural land of Asia and create the habitats for many organisms, sustaining high biodiversity. Natural enemies inhabiting rice paddies have an important function for rice production as agents of 'ecosystem services' because they suppress rice pests. Such natural enemies can be a good index reflecting the 'healthiness' of agro-ecosystem services in rice paddies. The present study evaluates whether natural enemies could be good biological indicators for biodiversity and agricultural practice. First, the concept of ideal bio-indicators was summarized. Then, the results based on a field survey were given to show the usefulness of natural enemies. Field studies demonstrated that reduction of chemical inputs led to an increase in species richness of natural enemies. The abundance of several species of natural enemies did respond both to pesticide use and to general arthropod biodiversity. Thus, natural enemies can be suitable as bio-indicators. Usefulness of indicator species in rice paddies is discussed in the context of ecologically sound agriculture. Keywords—Pest Management, Environmentally Sound Agriculture, Indicator Species, Ecosystem Service.


Aiming at the color distortion of the restored image in the sky region, we propose an image dehazing algorithm based on double priors constraint. Firstly, we divided the haze image into sky and non-sky regions. Then the Color-lines prior and dark channel prior are used for estimating the transmission of sky and non-sky regions respectively. After introducing color-lines prior to correct sky regions restored by the dark channel prior, we get an accurate transmission. Finally, the local media mean value and standard deviation are used to refine the transmission to obtain the dehazing image. Experimental results show that the algorithm has obvious advantages in the recovery of the sky area.


The uniform distribution, denoted by U(x;A,B)=1/(B-A) if 0<A<x<B<∞ and zero otherwise, is the simplest probability density functions of a continuous random variable X. For a continuous random variable X on the interval (0, 1), a three parameters density function, denoted by h(x;A,B,n), is constructed so that its limiting form is the uniform density function U(x;A,B) in which n→∞.


In this paper, the applicability of the absolute nodal coordinate formulation for the modeling of belt-drive systems is studied. A successful and effective analyzing method for belt-drive systems requires the exact modeling of the rigid body inertia during an arbitrary rigid body motion, accounting of shear deformation, description of nonlinear deformations and a simple as well as realistic description of the contact. The absolute nodal coordinate formulation meets the challenge and is a promising approach for the modeling of belt-drive systems. In this study, a recently proposed two-dimensional shear deformable beam element based on the absolute nodal coordinate formulation has been modified to obtain a belt-like element. The belt-like element allows the user to control the axial and bending stiffness through the use of two parameters. In this study, the interaction between the belt and the pulleys is modeled using an elastic approach in which the contact is accounted for by the inclusion of a set of external forces that depend on the penetration between the belt and pulley.Copyright © 2005 by ASME


In the modern day design of vehicles, especially in the automobile industry involves a great deal of aerodynamic design study to analyze the airflow. The aerodynamic drag force adversely affects the forward motion of the vehicle, which in turn reduces the efficiency. If the vehicle is redesigned to optimize the aerodynamic forces, it could produce better results but requires a huge capital to change the complete design. Most of the research thesis on drag reduction has proved that the effective way of controlling the flow at the rear end of the vehicle has been achieved by using the vortex generators (VGs).


This book emerged from a "Policy Research Project" (PRP) at the LBJ School of Public Affairs, University of Texas at Austin. PRPs are a signature feature of the LBJ School, in which graduate students work with faculty for a year on externally funded research.


In 1958, when the magazine, China Pictorial, printed a map showing a part of Bhutan within China's borders, the Tshogdu (national assembly) objected, but asked India to take up the matter with China on behalf of the Bhutan government. This revealed the extent to which Bhutan traditionally had depended on India for the conduct of its external affairs, the basis for which was Clause 2 of the Indo-Bhutanese Treaty of 1949:


This research is mainly aimed at the higher vocational students' psychological health status.From the result we see that there exist some serious problems in employment,study,psychological health,and interpersonal relationship for higher vocational students,such as the symptoms of force,depression,hostility and delusion have affect the psychological health of higher vocational students.On the basis of research and study,it puts forward the countermeasure for improving higher vocational students' psychological health.


This chapter investigates the emergence of the idea of international organization in the nineteenth century and argues that the perception of organization for the world accompanied the foundation of states from the very beginning. It clarifies how the emergence of states is not a precondition for international organization, as states and international organization are co-constitutive. It also describes the period between the Congress of Vienna and World War I as the founding period of world organization, the phase when the idea of organizing and organizations emerged in several fields of society. The chapter shows that the idea of organizing is deeply rooted in debates among legal scholars in the nineteenth century, and that the idea of world organization contained a more comprehensive and encompassing understanding of the world. It demonstrates how organizing the world took place in different forms that are still relevant today or have been reinvigorated in recent years.


The invention discloses a method for evaluating consistency of batteries, which is characterized by comprising the steps of acquiring voltage curves of a plurality of batteries, comparing heights in the voltage direction and distances in the time direction of slow recovering sections (BC)of the voltage curves of the plurality of batteries, and judging the consistency of the batteries according toa comparison result, wherein the voltage curves refer to curves of the changing of the voltage along with the time in the constant current charge or constant current discharge process and the following placing process of the plurality of batteries; and the slow recovering sections (BC) refer to sections having slow voltage increasing trend in the voltage curves. Essential distinctions of different batteries are more directly indentified through the voltage curves of the batteries so as to reduce damage to a battery pack due to inconsistency of the batteries and improve the service life of thebattery pack. In addition, the method for evaluating consistency of the batteries not only improves accuracy of evaluation, but also has low cost, simple and quick operation, and is suitable to be applied to industrial production.


This study was conducted to investigate the effect of dietary manganese (Mn) on growth, vertebrae and whole-body Mn content of juvenile grouper, and to examine the effect of dietary Mn on copper (Cu), iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P) and magnesium (Mg) content of vertebrae and whole body. Seven casein-gelatin-based diets were supplemented with 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 50 and 1000 mg kg−1 of Mn from MnSO4·H2O. Grouper with an initial weight of 12.9 ± 0.4 g were fed to satiation with one of the seven diets for 8 weeks. Growth was not significantly affected by dietary Mn supplements. Vertebrae Mn increased from 31.7 to 118.1 mg kg−1 dry weight with dietary Mn supplement increasing from 0 to 50 mg kg−1 (y = −0.0002x3 + 0.0162x2 + 1.3903x + 26.27, R2 = 0.9561, where y is the vertebrae Mn content and x is the dietary Mn content). Whole-body Mn increased from 2.5 to 7.8 mg kg−1 wet weight with dietary Mn supplement increasing from 0 to 50 mg kg−1 (y = 0.00001x3 − 0.00107x2 + 0.11054x + 2.24615, R2 = 0.9080, where y is the whole-body Mn content and x is the dietary Mn content). Dietary Mn had no significant effect on vertebrae Fe, Ca, P and Mg content, and whole-body Cu, Zn and Mg content. However, vertebrae Zn and whole body Ca, P were highest in fish fed diet supplemented with 15 mg kg−1 of Mn. Based on this, Mn supplement of 15 mg kg−1 might be the optimum when the basal diet contained 4 mg kg−1 of Mn. Fish fed diet supplemented with 1000 mg kg−1 of Mn did not show any gross abnormality or change in feeding behaviour, but Mn contents of vertebrae and whole body were as high as 695.1 mg kg−1 dry weight and 42.5 mg kg−1 wet weight, respectively. Also, whole body Fe decreased significantly when Mn supplement was up to 1000 mg kg−1.


This paper aims to investigate the factors that influence the brand image of a destination. This research examines the impact of destination brand awareness, brand quality, and e-WOM on destination brand image. The sample data used in this study were 112 respondents from 7 provinces in Indonesia. Multiple linear regression was used to test the significance of the effect of the independent variable on the dependent variable. The results of the IBM SPSS 25 test show that the destination and the quality of the destination brand can affect the destination's brand image; on the other hand, e-WOM cannot. Tour service providers can predict tourist behaviour through this paper. As for academics, this paper can be used for further research by integrating branding strategies as predictors of the destination image. Empirically this research helps improve understanding of how to communicate a brand in a destination.


Introduction:
 Nationwide broadband internet access is a major federal priority. The bipartisan infrastructure law invested $65 billion into equitable broadband expansion, driven by concern that broadband access is a social determinant of health. However, the difference in health outcomes between counties with low vs. higher broadband access has not been studied, and could provide insights on the implications of expansion efforts.

 Objectives:
 We evaluated demographic factors, health resources, and cardiovascular disease (CVD) burden in counties with low broadband access compared to those with higher access.

 Methods:
 We assessed all 3,142 US counties in 2019 and identified those with low broadband access, defined as <50% of residents having access to internet subscriptions with speeds
 >
 25 Mbps download /
 >
 3 Mbps upload, using the US Broadband Usage Percentages Dataset. We linked these data to the American Community Survey, American Health Resource File, PLACES, and CDC WONDER for demographic, health resource, CVD risk factor and outcomes, and mortality data respectively.

 Results:
 There were 461 counties with low broadband access and 2,650 counties with higher access. Compared to those with higher broadband access, counties with low broadband access had lower high school graduation rates (47% vs 54%, p<0.001) and were more likely to be rural (86% vs 59%, p<0.001). Low-access counties had fewer primary care physicians and fewer cardiologists, but similar hospital beds per capita (
 Table
 ). These counties had higher rates of CVD risk factors, coronary artery disease, and stroke, as well as higher age-adjusted rates of CVD mortality and all-cause mortality (
 Table
 ).

 Conclusions:
 Counties with low broadband access have lower access to physicians and significantly higher rates of CVD risk factors, CVD, and CVD mortality. Expanding access to broadband internet and telemedicine has the potential to improve access to care and reduce disparities in CVD outcomes.


For high voltage application at a fixed inter-metal distance, dielectric reliability has been investigated on multi-layer inter-level interconnects, focusing on conduction mechanism and geometry effect. From Vramp (voltage-ramp-to-breakdown) tests, Vbd is found to be 4-5% lower with positive bias applied to the bottom metal, which is believed to be due to the polarity-dependent conduction mechanism. IV characteristics of two different bias configurations at various temperatures suggest that Poole-Frenkel and Fowler-Nordheim, respectively, dominates for a high bias to the bottom and top electrodes. In addition, metal density affects the lifetime of inter-level TDDB (time dependent dielectric breakdown) with Poisson area scaling. Based on our studies, a guideline for additional reliability margin can be proposed by bias polarity restriction and layout design optimization.


Ongoing health policy changes include a move towards alternative delivery and payment models. In addition, the emphasis is put on social determinants as part of performance measurement and payment calibration. Most payers and policy makers rely on area-level socio-economic data, which can lead to sub-optimal. However, little is known about the agreement between individual and area-level variables. The objective was to assess the agreement between individual and area-level social risk variables in the general French population.

 We used data from the CONSTANCES general-purpose cohort, a randomly selected representative sample of French adults aged 18-69 years. Data collected include socioeconomic and demographic characteristics, behaviors, and health data. We assessed the correlation or agreement between individual and area-level variables for 4 dimensions: household annual pretax income, secondary education completion, occupational group (workers), and unemployment.

 115,263 individuals were included in the study, 53% female and aged 48 years on average. The median annual household income was 42,000 Euros (USD 50,400), 73% had completed secondary education, 7% were unemployed, and 9.3% were workers. The correlation between income measured at the individual and area level was positive but moderate (Rho=0.20; p < 0.01). Individuals having completed secondary education had a higher area-level median completion rate compared to those having a lower education level (48% versus 41%; p < 0.01). Unemployed individuals had a slightly higher area-level median unemployment rate compared to employed ones (11% versus 10%; p < 0.01). Lastly, workers had a higher area-level median probability to be a worker rate compared to other individuals ones (25% versus 18%; p < 0.01).

 In the general French population, area-level socio-economic variables are poor proxies for individual-level social risk.

 Area-level socio-economic data is a poor proxy for individual data. Researchers and policy makers should move towards individual data.


The main purpose of this study is to evaluate the mediating and indirect effect of customer satisfaction and service innovation, from an organization learning perception a survey is developed in Brazil using a new data set of 190 service firms from Rio Grande do Su, State of Mato Grosso, State of Goias, State of Sao Paulo and State of Bahia. The study used cross-sectional survey design to collect primary data from individual services firms in the states of Brazil. Data was analysed with Statistical Package for the Social Science (SPSS). Results indicate that partial mediation was supported by adopting Baron and Kenny method and sobel test. The research is the first attempt to examine the customer interaction practice of service firms in an emerging market of Brazil. In addition, the atmosphere of innovation will regulate the positive relationship between customer firm interaction and organizational learning. Secondly by analysing the relationship between organizational learning and innovation performance. Thirdly it is revealed that customer firm interaction can positively promote service innovation performance by influencing the improvement of organizational learning.


Acknowledgements Introduction 1. Music, Difference and Repetition 2. Producing New Music: Rhizomes, Assemblages and Refrains 3. Rethinking Musical Pitch: The Smooth and the Striated 4. Thinking Musical Time 5. A Deleuzian Semiotics of Music Conclusion Notes Bibliography Index


The utility model provides an electric tool, comprising a housing, a motor, a drive device, a shaft and an impact mechanism. The motor is provided with an output shaft capable of driving the drive device. The drive device is provided with a plurality of planetary gears, a planet carrier using the shaft neck to support the planetary gears and enable the gears to rotate around the axis, and an annular gear engaged with the planetary gears. The impact mechanism is provided with a plurality of anvil lugs, impactors and impactor springs. The anvil lugs are coupled with the annular gears and are not engaged with the planetary gears. The impactors are installed to be pivoted at the shaft and are provided with a plurality of hammering projections. The impactor springs press the impactors along the annular gear direction to form the mutual engagement of the hammering projections and the anvil lugs. The utility model also provides an electric tool provided with an impact mechanism with an exterior adjustment construction member, wherein the exterior adjustment construction member can move to change the cutting-off torque of the impact mechanism.


This report describes recent advances in techniques for controlling oscillations and numerical errors in the computation of radiant power emitted by a nuclear fireball. The oscillations and the errors come from the use of a numerical mesh that is orders of magnitude coarser than the physical dimensions of fireball surface structures that determine the brightness.


Introduction: Stigma, prejudice, and discrimination toward mental illness continue to plague the society despite multiple advances in etiology and treatment. It deprives the persons with mental illness the right to a good quality of life, social support, and also has a direct effect on treatment seeking and compliance. Objective: The main objective of this study was to assess the attitude toward mental illness among adolescents, who might be an untapped human resource in care of persons with mental illness. Methodology: A cross-sectional comparative study of 70 adolescents aged 14–18 years was done. Attitude toward mental illness of adolescents having family members with severe mental illness was compared to adolescents having family members with chronic medical illness. Purposive sampling from a tertiary health-care center was done, and the "Attitude Scale for Mental Illness questionnaire" was administered. Sociodemographic data were collected using a standard pro forma. Results: Descriptive analysis showed an overall positive attitude on separatism, benevolence, and stigma subscale and a negative attitude toward stereotyping, restrictiveness, and pessimistic prediction. No significant difference was observed in the attitudes of adolescents from both the categories. Conclusion: Adolescents can form an important bridge in reducing the stigma surrounding mental illness.


Received: 19 December 2010 Abstract Accepted: 4 March 2011 According to requirements of the market a great number of small companies are forced to offer a wide variety of products and to frequently respond to the market with customized solutions. At the same time, the fast delivery of products is often key to winning orders. Recent developments in Information Technology have made product family manufacturing available for small companies. It is made possible by applying a class of software tools called product configurators which can be integrated with Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems. This paper presents production management based on dynamic classification. High-variety production like mass customization is facing the challenge of effective variety management, which needs to deal with numerous variants of both product and process in order to accommodate diverse customer requirements. In high-variety production, in spite of applying modern management techniques, setup time still plays an important part in the production cycle time. The problem is not single change over time, but is in the quantity of changeovers required. This observation inspired the author to prepare a method of setup time reduction through the appropriate arrangement of tasks in the operational production plan. The appropriate arrangement of tasks means considering the similarity of parts from the point of view of operation carried out. The similarity of parts facilitates setup time reduction, which translates into smaller lot sizes, reduced in-process inventories, shorter lead time and higher throughput. The presented method is one of the elements of a computer aided management system for high-variety production. The method was validated in the conditions of best practice for unit and small batch production.


In mild hypertensive patients, regional cerebral blood flow measured by positron emission tomography was reduced in the frontal cortex and basal ganglia. In moderate-severe hypertensive patients, cerebral oxygen metabolism was diminished, although they were neurologically intact. In elderly hypertensives, white matter lesions by brain imaging were more frequently observed and their cognitive function was impaired, compared to those in age-matched normotensives. Local cerebral blood flow was decreased in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Spatial memory and learning at maze test were more greatly impaired in aged SHR, which was related to decreased cerebral glucose utilization in hippocumpus, basal ganglia etc. Long-term antihypertensive treatment in SHR improved cerebral blood flow, media thickness of cerebral arteries and cognitive function. Cerebral circulation and metabolism in chronic brain infarction were different from those in non-infarcted patients. In human as well as animals, long-standing hypertension per se leads to reduction of cerebral blood flow, metabolism, and cognitive function.


Using the data collected by a questionnaire survey, university students' classroom teaching quality is studied in this paper based on factors of teachers. The factors include teachers' teaching content, professional level, appearance, teaching process,etc. We do a correlation research on teachers' factors and students' major, learning initiative, etc. Then we find out the main factors which affect the satisfaction intensity of classroom teaching quality. According to the factors, we put forward relevant measures and suggestions.


Objective
To study the relative factors which influence the post-anesthesia care unit (PACU) stay of the patients underwent the lower limb orthopedic surgery.

Methods
A total of 442 patients who underwent orthopedic surgery from 2014 to 2017 were investigated. According to the patients′ anesthesia and recovery records, the age, sex, hemoglobin(Hb), surgical procedures, bleeding volume and anesthetic methods, etc. were collected. The possible variables that lead to the discharge delay from PACU were assigned for the regression analysis. The Logistic regression analysis was used in the analysis of the related factors of the delay in PACU.

Results
The age, anemia, pulmonary function, kidney function, American Society of Anesthesiologists(ASA) level, use of dexmedetomidine (Dex), the consumption of fentanyl, inhalation anesthetics, lumbar-sciatic nerve block, urine volume, hypothermia, bleeding volume, infusion volume and transfusion volume had effects on the delay in PACU. Multivariate analysis showed that the age>65 years, Hb<100 g/L, forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1)<60%, high ASA grade and hypothermia can prolong the duration of PACU stay after operation. The use of Dex, lumbar-sciatic plexus block, urine volume can shorten the time in PACU.

Conclusions
Age, Hb level, lung function, ASA level, the use of Dex, lumbar-sciatic plexus block, urine volume, body temperature and transfusion volume were related to the duration in PACU in patients with orthopedic trauma surgery.

Key words:
Orthopedic surgery; Post-anesthesia care unit; Delay


This paper uses career history data from a sample of academic psychologists to examine the extent, patterns, and consequences of interinstitutional job mobility by sex. Though professors have been characterized as mobile, we find relatively low levels of mobility. This mobility does not lead to demotion but often results in moves that are horizontal or out of academia. Changing schools early increases the chances of being on tenure track but later decreases the chances of having tenure-level rank. We find little evidence of barriers to mobility across types of institutions, although we do find that different types of schools offer different rates of promotion. Women change institutions somewhat faster than men, largely because they move faster out of academia, and they gain less from their moves. However, there is little sex difference in variables predicting mobility or outcomes.


As the power available in the initial phase of the ITER operation will be limited, accessing the high confinement mode (H-mode) with low heating power will be a critical issue. In the recent experiment on EAST, the H-mode was obtained for the first time with lower hybrid current drive (LHCD) wave only. Reciprocating Langmuir probe measurements at the outer midplane showed that the electron density n e and electron temperature T e in the scrape-off layer (SOL) were significantly reduced in the ELM-free phase, resulting in the increase of lower-hybrid wave (LHW) reflection. It was found that the power loss P loss was comparable during the L-H transition, by comparing the adjacent L-mode and H-mode discharge. The Dα emission, T e and n e decreased rapidly in the time scale of about 1 ms, and the radial electric field E r turned positive in this process near the last closed flux surface. Multiple L-H-L transitions were observed during a single shot when the applied LHW power was marginal to the threshold. The floating potential (Vf ) had negative spikes corresponding with the Dα signal, and E r oscillation evolved into several intermittent negative spikes just before the L-H transition. In some shots, dithering was observed just before the L-H transition.


Little is known of the contributions of French missionaries to early highland ethnography in the mountainous north of Vietnam (then Tonkin) at the time of colonial contact, a period defined here as 1895–1920. This paper investigates how a handful of men from the Catholic Société des Missions Étrangères de Paris contributed significant amounts of text from their postings in remote parts of the Upper‐Tonkin (Haut‐Tonkin) vicariate, and in some cases Southwest China. A selection of their prose is presented and its ethnographic value appraised, bringing to light the authors in their context as well as the texts themselves. It is assessed in conclusion that, despite their uneven importance as a source for ethnography, these texts nevertheless constitute a unique supply of information on the populations they describe.


A word of caution: Exploring fashions in IS/IT management Sourcing IT and E-Business Learning to Realize the Benefits of IT Purchasing and information technology - Buying IT and using IT to buy Full lifecycle management and the it management paradox A Framework for Evaluating Legacy Systems IT on the Board or under the thumb? Why Business Models Matter (and How They Can Make a Difference in Internet Commerce) Wither IT? : A Look at IT in 2005 Strategic decisions in the information Age: Transforming technology promises into business benefits e-Business Models The CIO's career is over ... Long live the CIO !! Herding cats - managing IT in the 21st century Back to the future - a look at information deliveries Do you know what you need to know? A knowledge management overview Manipulating reality: Deception on the web


This paper presents a multiresolutional architecture of planners for obstacle avoidance in outdoor mobility. The planner makes use of off-line dynamical simulations results to efficiently find paths that avoid obstacles. The trajectories are generated by sets of steering velocity commands. This approach of building the search space for the planner results in realistic cost and trajectories for the vehicle. An implementation of the planner was developed and tested in a vehicle at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) with promising results.


This paper aims to investigate the neural networking system. The signals to be studied have been taken from photonic sensors. For classification, a given signal is first transformed into different feature domains and then neural network is used to train the given dataset to form the network. Wavelet transform is used to extract the signal properties-skewness, kurtosis and entropy and Fourier Transform is used to extract the energy of the signal. For training the data set which consists of basically 9 classes, two algorithms are used: Bayesian Regularization algorithm and Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm. The corresponding networks are made using training set and then these networks are used to classify the test set. Efficiency of the two algorithms is calculated to find out which is the more suitable one. They are then implemented to transfer an image in such a way that the trained network will decode the signal without the removal of noise.


A study was carried out in the framework of international R&D Project to determine the effect of water quality changes due to mine backfilling on talc flotation performance. The influence of two types of cemented paste backfill (Shotcrete and backfill) on flotation process water was investigated using the indoor soaking method, and the water quality was evaluated through water chemistry analysis, in addition to measuring pH, conductivity, and zeta potential as a function of soaking time. At the same time, talc batch flotation tests were performed using a KHD Humboldt Wedag lab cell for a period of 20 minutes. Soaking water at different soaking times was used as a process water for flotation, and tap water was also used to establish a reference response. Based upon the experimental results from the talc flotation and the several water quality parameters measured in the soaking water, conclusions were drawn.


Summary:  Purpose: Long‐term valproate (VPA) treatment has been associated with hyperandrogenism and polycystic ovaries in women with epilepsy. The exact mechanisms of action of the drug on sex steroid hormone function are still unsettled. The aim of the present study was to investigate the action of VPA on basal and gonadotropin‐stimulated steroid secretion in porcine ovarian follicular cells and to measure the conversion of testosterone to estradiol. Second, the action of VPA on proliferation and apoptosis of follicular cells was investigated.


The digital data transfer standard of Russian aeronautical electronic devices——ГОСТ18977/PTM1495 is introduced.Based on the comparison with ARINC429,a scheme is proposed to process the ГОСТ18977 serial signal via interface chip HS3282.


New optimal, contractivity-preserving (CP), \(d\)-derivative, 2- and 3-step, predictor-corrector,  Hermite-Birkhoff-Obrechkoff series methods, denoted by \(HBO(d,k,p)\), \(k=2,3\), with  nonnegative coefficients are constructed  for solving nonstiff first-order initial value problems \(y'=f(t,y)\), \(y(t_0)=y_0\).  The upper bounds \(p_u\) of order \(p\) of \(HBO(d,k,p)\), \(k=2,3\) methods are approximately 1.4 and 1.6 times the number  of derivatives \(d\), respectively.  Their stability regions have generally  a good shape and grow with decreasing \(p-d\).  Two selected CP HBO methods: 9-derivative 2-step HBO of order 13, denoted by HBO(9,2,13),  which has maximum order 13 based on the CP conditions, and  8-derivative 3-step HBO of order 14, denoted by HBO(8,3,14), compare well  with Adams-Cowell of order 13 in PECE mode, denoted by AC(13),  in solving standard N-body problems over an interval of 1000 periods  on the basis of the relative error of energy as a function of the CPU time.  They also compare well with AC(13) in solving standard N-body problems on the basis of the growth of relative error of energy and 10000 periods of integration.  The coefficients of selected HBO methods are listed in the  appendix.


The behavior of an atom in a molecule, liquid, or solid is governed by the force it experiences. If the dependence of this vectorial force on the atomic chemical environment can be learned efficiently with high fidelity from benchmark reference results---using ``big-data'' techniques, i.e., without resorting to actual functional forms---then this capability can be harnessed to enormously speed up in silico materials simulations. The present contribution provides several examples of how such a force field for Al can be used to go far beyond the length-scale and time-scale regimes presently accessible using quantum-mechanical methods. It is argued that pathways are available to systematically and continuously improve the predictive capability of such a learned force field in an adaptive manner, and that this concept can be generalized to include multiple elements.


ISSN 2214-3599/15/$27.50 © 2015 – IOS Press and the authors. All rights reserved This article is published online with Open Access and distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License. fi rst 3 years of treatment in two patients with the longest treatment compared with baseline. Similar changes were detected in spirometry: the greatest FVC increase was observed in two patients with the highest FVC values before treatment, which increased to normal values, adjusted for age and sex, with 3 years of treatment; that is, by 28% and 34%. In two other patients, FVC reached 88% and 76% of the predicted values. ERT did not affect liver or muscle enzymes levels.


In this paper the satellite-based railway positioning systems are summarised. In the first part the
advantages of the satellite-based railway systems, short summary of the GPS system and the
application today are given. Further on a system model is presented which can
help us to survey the whole transport process.


One of the most serious challenges which is still threatening Muslims globally is the surge in Islamophobia, or negative attitudes and excessive fear towards Islam and Muslims. The digital age became a double-edged sword when it comes to the threat of Islamophobia. On one hand, it opened the door for anti-Muslim campaigns to spread widely and quickly online. On the other hand, it provided modern Muslims with much-needed opportunities to resist such hateful campaigns using the very same digital tools. This article sheds light on three important strategies which have been successfully deployed by modern Muslims to resist Islamophobia in the digital age. The first is the effective utilization of humor to resist some of the most hateful anti-Muslim campaigns and misrepresentations in cyberspace and present successful counter-narratives. The second is putting faith in action, through Muslim philanthropy and communal giving, especially amid the COVID-19 pandemic. This has been done by using digital tools to spread and amplify these good deeds, while resisting Islamophobia simultaneously by correcting some of the false images and skewed misrepresentations about Islam and Muslims and replacing them with positive ones. And the third is boosting the visibility of Muslim women's identities and amplifying their voices, which shatters the negative stereotypes about Muslim women as silent and helpless beings and counters their misrepresentation and marginalization, while countering Islamophobia in parallel. In discussing each of these strategies, the appropriate context is explained and relevant examples are provided to illustrate the arguments made throughout this paper.


Mesopause—one of the boundary layers of the Earth's atmosphere—is at the height of 80—85 km and separates mesosphere from thermosphere. A remarkable peculiarity of the thermal regime of the mesopause-which has not been explained up to now—is an unusually low temperature in summer (up to 130-150 K), by 100 and more lower than that in winter (fig. 1). This paper considers the mechanism of additional cooling of the Earth s upper atmosphere caused by infrared radiation of atomic oxygen (3a and 3b processes). In redistribution of atomic oxygen corresponding to photochemical balance (see Table 2) this cooling is small (Table 3). But it is shown in the work that descending atmospheric currents may increase ( concentration of atomic oxygen at the level of mesopause tens of times (Tables 5, 6). This conclusion is based on the results of solution of the continuity equation (20) for photochemically active atmosphere. Under these conditions the considered mechanism may be the reason of intensive additional cooling of the atmosphere at the level mesopause.


The Hazardous Materials Management and Emergency Response (HAMMER) Program is a Congressionally funded National Program line item which is managed by the U.S. Department of Energy to develop and demonstrate new approaches to health and safety training and to use occupational health medical surveillance and risk analysis information to enhance the HAMMER training programs. Hanford is the pilot for this program with the HAMMER user facility as the major component.


The influence of a magnetic field on the onset of adiabatic thermal convection in a horizontal stratified plasma induced by an external horizontal force-free sheared field is investigated in the hydromagnetic approximation. The conditions for stability are determined.


: The paper proposes the methods and a software package for solving systems of Boolean equations, the propositions of which are formulas over an arbitrary basis, Zhegalkin polynomials consisting of nonlinear components and disjunctive normal forms. The formation of Zhegalkin polynomials from formulas over an arbitrary basis, the finding of the maximum joint subsystems of logical equations and the search for intersections of the sets of solutions of several subsystems of the system of equations are considered.


As I began writing this review, I was reminded of an oft-seen yellow highway sign adorning the steep and winding roadsides of the Rocky Mountains: Watch for Falling Rocks! Within mere months of the publication of The Voice of Evidence in Reading Research, intended by its authors to help educators access and understand the findings of scientific research about reading and reading instruction, the familiar cast of critics had predictably begun rolling the rocks down the mountainside to pummel the book's message and contents (See the Phi Delta Kappan, February 2005 issue.) Admittedly, healthy skepticism and critique are important to the advancement of science itself, but The Voice of Evidence in Reading Research covers such a wide range of topics that it is simply not deserving of the same types of criticisms as those leveled at The Report of the National Reading Panel (National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, 2000) with its much narrower research focus on only five areas related to reading instruction. The Voice of EviJOURNAL OF LITERACY RESEARCH, 38(4), 467–474 Copyright © 2006, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.


This project is the beginning of collaborative research on the counterculture in the UK in the 1960s and 1970s.

Val Williams has worked with a group of partners, Wolverhampton Art Gallery, Streetlevel Photoworks, Glasgow and the University of Sunderland to devise this exhibition, and an issue of 'Fieldstudy'.

'This is the arc that 'Growing Up in the New Age' emanates from. Ryley's photographs function like 'aide-memoires' to aspects of her life – an intimate sharing of stories, memories and emotions that come to life through the form of the exhibition and its related means of drawing in a public. These are augmented by a series of black and white prints by Dave Walkling, whose images of Kirkdale Free School and individuals around the squatting scene add a salient primary source of evidence of the time alongside other objects, letters, documents, clothing and memorabilia which, for Ryley, act as the remains of that larger experience that she grew up with and which in this project, knit the archival with the lyrical together.'

(Malcolm Dickson, Steetlevel Photoworks, 2012)


Objective:To enhence degree of social concerns for first-aid dispatchers'professional stress.Method: Analysis of stress status for first-aid dispatchers.Result: First-aid dispatchers'professional stress is related to environment、time、psychology、coordination、 professional satisfaction degree and personality factor.Conclusion: Training and studying in psychological aspect for first-aid dispatchers should be strengthened.


The present authors formulated kinematic hardining rules on the assumption that each component of back stress, αi, has a critical state for its dynamic recovery to be fully activated. These rules have a feature that only the projection of plastic strain rate to the direction of αi contributes to the dynamic recovery. They are thus in contrast with the previous rules in which the accumulated plastic strain rate enters into the dynamic recovery term. We compare the present and such previous rules by applying them to multiaxial and uniaxial ratchetting experiments of modified 9Cr-1Mo steel at 550°C


The invention discloses a medical cavity stent with a medicament storage cavity. The medical cavity stent comprises an outer self-expandable netlike tube, an inner tube and a medicament storage cavity, wherein the outer tube is used for strutting a cavity and is woven by using memory alloy wires; the inner tube forms a cavity channel; the medicament storage cavity is positioned between the outer tube and the inner tube; a self-expandable netlike strutting tube woven by using memory alloy wires passes through the inner tube in the state of being exposed at the two ends; when the outer netlike tube is in an expanding and cavity strutting state, exposed sections at the two ends of the netlike strutting tube are strutted in the two end parts of the outer netlike tube in a trumpet expanding state; and in the state, a mesh of the outer netlike tube is a medicament releasing hole, and the space among the outer tube, the inner tube and the exposed sections at the two ends of the netlike strutting tube serves as the medicament storage cavity. The medical cavity stent has the advantages of large medicament carrying capacity, reliable positioning after implantation, capability of injecting medicaments into the medicament storage cavity repeatedly, and contribution to replacing different medicaments according to the pathological change situation of a patient.


Objective
To find a more convenient, economical, and practical method for making individual pallets of complete denture.

Methods
Forty-eight patients with aged dentures and full dentures were selected, aged 60 to 70 years, with an average of 67. They were randomly divided into an experimental group (n=25) and a control group (n=23). The experimental group used impression paste, alginate impression material, and no-occlusal tray for one impression, took the initial model, and used the impression paste tray of one impression to make the individual tray final model, and made the complete denture; the control group took the conventional impression paste, the alginate impression material, and the occlusal tray for once, and the initial model was taken; the self-curing resin was used as a single tray to take the final model and make a full denture. The 7 and 14 days satisfaction and chewing efficiencies of the two groups were statistically analyzed.

Results
There were statistical differences in 7-day chewing satisfaction (χ2=4.510, P=0.036), comfort satisfaction (χ2=4.057, P=0.044), and chewing efficiency (t=2.046, P=0.046) between these two groups, but no in retention, language, appearance, and firm satisfaction (all P>0.05). There were no statistical differences 14-day satisfaction and chewing efficiency (all P>0.05).

Conclusion
The differences in satisfaction and chewing efficiency between the impression paste and self-setting resin for the complete tray denture have clinical significance in the early stage of wearing the teeth. Patients with alveolar ridge fullness and full denture can use impression paste instead of self-curing resin; and individual trays take the final impression.

Key words:
Impression; Individual trays; Full dentures; Self-setting resin; Initial model; Final model; Satisfaction; Chewing efficiency


Champlin Petroleum Company - Production Department (Champlin) operates a large oil production operation in the Wilmington, California field in the Los Angeles area. The nature of the produced oil reservoirs has resulted in evaluating and planning several enhanced oil recovery projects, including a major steam drive project and expansion of an existing CO/sub 2/ injection projects. The South Coast Air Quality Management District (SCAQMD) is responsible for stationary sources of air pollution in the greater metropolitan Los Angeles area. The SCAQMD new source review rule requires that emissions of air contaminants from new or modified sources be controlled through application of Best Available Control Technology (BACT) and that emissions after control be offset by the control of emissions from existing sources. The enhanced oil recovery projects being considered by Champlin would result in several sources of air pollution, even after application of BACT, consequently, Champlin recognized the need for obtaining extensive emissions offsets. Champlin proposed and is implementing a program for reducing NO/sub x/, CO, and HC emissions from existing rich-burn internal combustion engines. This paper presents a case study of the selection and application of non-selective catalytic reduction systems for Caterpillar, Waukesha, and White Superior engines.


Interleukin-6 (IL-6) involves in a variety of inflammatory responses and immune regulation, showing closely correlations to tumor progression. Recent studies reveal that IL-6 may play an important role in constituting tumor microenvironment, activating related signal pathway, regulating downstream transcription factors, to affect the proliferation, invasion and metastasis of tumor cells. IL-6 has important potential value in the targeted therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma.

Key words:
Liver neoplasms; Prognosis; Interleukin-6


A Case Study in Treebank Collaboration and Comparison: Accusativus cum Infinitivo and Subordination in Latin We describe here a collaboration between two separate treebank projects annotating data for the same language (Latin). By working together to create a common standard for the annotation of Latin syntax and sharing our annotated data as it is created, we are each able to rely on the resources and expertise of the other while also ensuring that our data will be compatible in the future. This compatibility allows us to conduct diachronic studies involving both datasets, and we add our results to an ongoing discussion of one such issue, the gradual replacement of the Accusativus cum Infinitivo construction in Latin with subordinate clauses headed by conjunctions such as quod and quia.


Only a few measurements are performed in the distribution networks nowadays. However, the distribution networks will have to handle future challenges, like increasing demands and distributed generation. Therefore, the network needs to be actively controlled and operated, which will require more operational measurements among the distribution network. Those measurements will also be necessary to increase the network utilization. This paper assesses the operational data which should be measured among the MV network to meet the future goals. Firstly, the functionality of future MV network is addressed and the relevant measurements are derived. The simulations are presented to evaluate the most suitable locations for the measurements. In addition, an overview of operational parameters and advisable measurement locations among the MV network is presented.


The resident human microbiome in the gastrointestinal tract may play an important role in preventing colonization by multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs). Hypothesizing that hospitalized patients might have reduced microbial diversity compared with healthy controls and that particular microbial signatures could identify patients at high risk for MDRO acquisition, researchers at a single medical center compared fecal microbiota among …


The synchronism of double-point driving press is the main reason that affects the press′s precision,also the phase deviation of the crank angle,the radius deviation of the crank and the length deviation of the connecting rod affect the press′s synchronism severely.The mathematical calculation was used to deduce the calculating formula of the slide-displacement deviation caused by the main deviations mentioned above and the max value of the slide-displacement.The calculating results were analyzed.Thus the results provide the theoretical basis for adjusting the synchronism of the double-point driving press.


How to cultivate and develop students' ability of adapting socity is one of the new courses of sport's standards and targets.the new courses of sport's standards have set the target adapting society target is to establish hamonious interpersonal relation.if we want to adjust the society well,we should have the spirits of cooperation and moratity and teach students how to abtain the methods of sport and health knowledge in modern society,we had gotten literure source and question survey in this passage.It states the advantages and discusses how to cultivate the ability of adapting society in athletics teaching.


The growth of an animal depends particularly on muscular development. However, for this occurring, the existence of bone support is required. Normally There is a perfectly syn-chronized growth for each system, priorizing the further development of each tissue at a given time (time, age...). However, for the modern lineages of broilers, and particularly in males, the growth rate of muscle tissue is extremely high, starting at a very early stage post hatching on a very immature skeletal support, having as consequence the development of locomotor disorders. This review aimed to present an overview of bone tissue and its properties, as well as the related metabolisms, highlighting its importance for industrial poultry farming.


picture) responding to riboflavin had also marked ataxia with loss of co-ordination, light touch, and vibration sense in the legs. All the skin and mucous membrane changes rapidly cleared, but despite intensive B-complex vitamin therapy the neurological signs remained with neither amelioration nor deterioration for at least three years after the original admission. Money's three cases in Kampala2 of " obscure funicular myelopathy " had certain features in common with those now reported. Diminished visual acuity in the absence of optic disk changes, unaffected by thiamine or riboflavin but apparently responding dramatically to vitamin B12 injections (50 micrograms daily for one week), was reported3 in three patients at Mwanza with no other neurological signs. Investigation of future cases should include closer examination of the diet, therapeutic trial with specific vitamins of the B complex, examination for scotomata,


AbstractThis study investigates the removal of ammonium from aqueous using zeolite synthesized from red mud. The zeolite was characterized with X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), the specific surface area, and the cation exchange capacity (CEC). SEM and XRD indicated that most of the synthetic zeolite was crystalline, with zeolite P and Analcime as the major components. The CEC increased from 81.9 to 111 mmol/100 g during the synthesis process. The effects of adsorbent dosage, shaking time, initial pH, initial ammonium ion concentration, and competitive cations were investigated by batch experiments. The result shows that the parameters mentioned above have great influence on the ammonium removal by using the synthesized zeolite, and the effect of cations follows the order Na+ > K+ > Ca2+ > Mg2+. To understand the exchange process of ammonium by the synthesized zeolite, the adsorption dynamics was described by Ho's pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The Ho's pseudo-second-order k...


The surrogate reaction method is an indirect way of determining cross sec- tions for nuclear reactions that proceed through a compound nucleus. In this method, the compound nucleus is produced via an alternative (surrogate) reaction and its decay (by fission, gamma or neutron emission) is measured in coincidence with the outgoing ap- propriate charged particle. This technique has enabled neutron-induced cross sections to be extracted for nuclear reactions on short-lived nuclei that otherwise could not be mea- sured. The CENBG collaboration has successfully applied this technique to determine the neutron-induced fission cross sections of several short-lived nuclei such as 233 Pa, 242,243 Cm and 241 Am. These data are very important for the development of the Th/U cycle and for minor actinide transmutation. We currently investigate whether this powerful technique can also be used to determine the neutron-induced capture cross sections. For this purpose we will use the surrogate reaction 174 Yb( 3 He,pγ) 176 Lu to infer the well known 175 Lu(n,γ) cross section and compare the results with the directly measured neutron-induced data. The experimental set-up and the first results will be presented. We will also discuss our future plans to use the surrogate method for extracting actinides (n,γ) cross sections.


This paper intends to give a general description of the limited area numerical weather prediction model ARPEGE/ALADIN developed by a collaboration between Meteo-France and some Central- and Eastern-European meteorological services (and also Morocco) including the Hungarian Meteorological Service (HMS). The model is a hydrostatic, spectral limited area model for dynamical adaptation at the limit of the hydrostatic approximation. The main characteristics of the model are discussed like the preparation of initial and lateral boundary conditions, the initialization method, the representation of the meteorological fields, the dynamics, the physics and the post-processing. The first experiences at HMS are discussed in the light of the one year quasi-operational application of the model. Finally, the possible future utilization for nowcasting purposes is mentioned.


Light-weight flexible arms will most likely constitute the next generation robots due to their large payload carrying capacities at high speeds and less power demand. Control problem of robots with flexible members is more complex compared to rigid robots due to vibrations during the motion. This paper presents the optimization technique inspired by social behavior of bird flocking to optimize hybrid Fuzzy Precompensated Proportional - Derivative (PD) controller in trajectory control of two link rigid-flexible manipulator. Numerical simulation using the dynamic model of two link rigid-flexible manipulator shows the effectiveness of the approach in trajectory tracking problems and the use of fuzzy precompensation has superior performance in terms of improvement in transient and steady state response, robustness to variations in loading conditions and ease to use in practice. Comparative evaluation with respect to genetic algorithm based optimization is presented to validate the controller design. The results presented emphasize that a satisfactory tracking precision could be achieved using hybrid Fuzzy Precompensated Proportional - Derivative controller with particle swarm optimization.


Aims: This study examined the relationship between subjective life expectancy (the subjective probability of living to age 75 years) and sex, type of school attended, year in school and self-reported adolescent drinking behaviours. Design: The study employed a cross-sectional design. Methods: Participants were school children (aged 11–16 years) from post-primary (high) schools in Northern Ireland. Participants completed a questionnaire, including an assessment of subjective life expectancy, alcohol use and demographic measures. Results: In bivariate analyses, there were significant differences in subjective life expectancy and sex, year in school, type of school attended and self-reported relationship with alcohol. Results of multinomial logistic regression, controlling for clustering at school level and socio-demographic measures, showed that more problematic drinking was significantly associated with a reduced life expectancy. Therefore, individual perceptions of subjective life expectancy accounted for some of the variance in problematic drinking above and beyond that predicted by socio-demographic factors. Conclusion: Although there was an observed association between subjective life expectancy and self-reported alcohol use, future longitudinal research could assess the degree to which future time perspective predicts initiation into alcohol use and escalation into more problematic use among adolescents.


Objective To explore the significance of changes of serum leukotriene B4(LTB4)and platelet -activiting factor acetylhydrolase(PAF-AH)activity in patients with multiple o rgan dysfunction syndrome(MODS)and the relationship with the sererity of MODS. Methods Twenty-six MODS patients were evaluated.The seru m LTB4 and PAF-AH activity in MODS patients and 12 healthy pevsons were measure d by ELISA kit.The relationship of the MODS scores with serum LTB4 and PAF-AH a ctivity in MODS patients were analyzed.The MODS scores,serum LTB4 and PAF-AH ac tivity in the dead patients and survival patients.Results Serum LTB4 in MODS patients was significantly lower than that in the control group(P0.01).Serum PAF-AH activity in MODS patients wasn't significan tly different from control group(P0.05).In MODS patients,the serum LTB4 and PAF-AH activity were significantly different between those who survived and those who died from MODS(P0.01).There were significant negative correla tions between serum LTB4 and MODS scores.Conclusion The condition of serere MODS patients is complicated,and the changes of LTB4 and P AF-AH are different,so the two inflammatory factors may take part in the patho physiological process of MODS.Both LTB4 and PAF-AH can serve as factors monitor ing indexes in MODS patients.


Plant for production of crate-type packaging (200), starting from a panel (1) comprising a sheet (2) of rigid, non-flexible material and a film (20) applied to the sheet (2). The plant comprises a shearing machine (A), a first milling machine (B), a second milling machine (C), and a stapling machine (E) used to staple corner posts (6; 106), in the form of a rigid column, to parts of the panel intended to form transverse sides (5) and/or longitudinal sides (4) of the crate and related packaging.


In article the interrelation of lipids and proteins of a crystalline lens is considered at aging and cataract development. A number of biochemical tests by def inition of oxidizing modification of proteins and lip ids, research of fatty acids composition of a lens nucleus are performed for this purpose. Parallel changes of proteins and lipids in the course of aging are revealed.


Studying Literacy at the Community Level: A Research Note. This note on the study of literacy in colonial New England grows out of a social and demographic reconstitution of mid-eighteenth-century Grafton, Massachusetts. The objective of the reconstitution is to study the dynamics of the religious revivals of the I740s. One variable in the response to the Great Awakening may have been the literacy of a community's population. Contemporary critics denounced the revivalists' appeal to the passions rather than to the mind and portrayed participants in the Awakening as coming from the younger and illiterate ranks of New England society.1 Revivalists preached extemporaneously, while other ministers read their sermons from prepared texts. Revivalists emphasized, at least in their critics' eyes, immediate knowledge from God's spirit rather than the sound knowledge of the Scriptures. Subsequent studies have noted the anti-intellectual qualities of revivalism. Perhaps, then, an individual's literacy made a difference in his or her response to the Awakening. How does one learn whether the members of an entire com-


Abstract Over the last decade or so, the comparative study of nationalism has produced a large number of cogent critiques of classifying nations according to how ethnic or civic they are. In fact, these critiques have been so convincing that many scholars today seem to agree that any mention of the words 'ethnic' and 'civic' is unwarranted. This is unfortunate, because the distinction still offers a useful heuristic device to compare and classify different nation-building practices. This article analyses naturalization policies in twenty-six Western immigrant-receiving democracies in order to show that the distinction constitutes a valuable analytical tool to explore how different countries deal with newcomers. The naturalization policy index developed in this article proves to have a high degree of face validity, to be a good predictor of actual naturalization practices, and to match up well with previous classifications of ethnic and civic nation-building practices.


Privacy has gained a growing interest nowadays due to the increasing and unmanageable amount of produced confidential data. Concerns about the possibility of sharing data with third parties to gain fruitful insights beset enterprise environments; value not only resides in data, but also in the intellectual property of algorithms and models that offer analysis results. This impasse locks both the availability of highperformance computing resources in the "as-a-service" paradigm and the exchange of knowledge with the scientific community in a collaborative view. Privacy-preserving data science enables the use of private data and algorithms without putting their privacy at risk. Conventional encryption schemes are not able to work on encrypted data without decrypting them first. Homomorphic Encryption (HE) is a form of encryption that allows the computation on encrypted data while preserving the features and the format of the plaintext. Against the background of interesting use cases for the Central Bank of Italy, this article focuses on how HE and data science can be leveraged to design and develop privacy-preserving enterprise applications. We propose a survey of main Homomorphic Encryption techniques and recent advances in the conubium between data science and HE.


Xenon detector based gamma-ray spectrometer for a radioactive waste sorting complex and its characteristics are described. It has been shown that the "thin-wall" modification of the detector allows better registration of low-energy gamma rays (tens of keV). The spectrometer is capable of operation in unfavorable field conditions and can identify radionuclides of interest in less than 1 second.


The residual noise of the sign algorithm can be reduced by adding a uniformly distributed noise (dithering) to the sign algorithm input signal. In this paper, a simple equation for the residual noise reduction factor (RNRF) is derived for the case in which the noise in the sign algorithm input signal has a two-level discrete amplitude distribution. It is demonstrated that the RNRF is proportional to the ratio between the amplitude of the input noise and the adaptation step.


The objective of this paper is to illustrate how the introduction of environmentally friendly, non-profit firms can improve environmental market outcomes by decreasing pollution from production. In particular such a market setting is shown, quite generally, to deliver increased environmental benefits as the mass of consumers with environmental preferences increases. This result, while seemingly intuitive, has not always resulted from settings featuring solely profit maximizing firms. We highlight the importance of a non-profit firm in the market by contrasting the results obtained in two previous models with our results, which we derive from these same models, imposing the existence of a nonprofit firm in the market. From a policy perspective, the promotion of non-profit firms in markets, along with the establishment of policies aimed at increasing environmental awareness by consumers, may constitute a form of public intervention in favour of the environment as an alternative to those traditionally employed e.g. taxes and subsidies.


Back in 2006, Ron Boschma and Koen Frenken published a seminal paper in which they raised the following question: "why is economic geography not an evolutionary science?" (Boschma and Frenken, 2006). In this paper, they argued that some of the most promising advances in economic geography were already embedded in evolutionary thinking, playing out at the interface of the two divergent approaches – neoclassical and institutional – which traditionally formed the stepping stones of research in the field. Hence, beyond just looking at place-based (uneven) economic dynamics, evolutionary economic geography (EEG) sought to actually identify and examine the factors underpinning those dynamics utilising an evolutionary framework. Since then, EEG has become a highly influential research paradigm in economic geography while permeating other fields such as regional economics, innovation studies and local and regional development.


The interaction among lightly doped acceptors in germanium is observed by an ultrasonic hole-burning experiment. The observed width of the burned hole is ascribed to spectral diffusion due to the exchange and quadrupole interactions of nearest-neighbour acceptor pairs. In a strong magnetic field the exchange interaction is suppressed and hence the width is due to the quadrupole interaction and the single-phonon relaxation process (2T1)-1.


The invention relates to a method for peeling oranges and tangerines. In the invention, the peeling of the inner and outer skins of the oranges and tangerines is facilitated via combined physical treatment and the treatment of 3 types of mixed enzymes. According to this method, the fresh oranges and tangerines first receive physical treatment via the opening thereof, and then the processed fruits, under reduced pressure, are soaked in the enzyme solution blended with a cellulose system enzyme, a pectinase system enzyme, and a hemicellulase system enzyme for reaction, thereby facilitating the peeling of both the inner skin and the outer skin of the fruits.


Objective To explore the clinical relevance of retrograde hepatic vein and inferior vena cava(IVC) opacification on enhanced CT.Materials and Methods 18 patients with retrograde opacification of hepatic vein and(or) IVC received abdominal enhanced CT of and 20 healthy subjects were included in this study.Two group's subjects were performed with echocardiography.Results Among 18 patients,early reflux opacification of the IVC and hepatic veins were demonstrated in 14 cases,which density was higher than that in the aorta,17 cases were found to have tricuspid regurgitation confirmed by echocardiography.15 cases were complicated with other valve disorder in 17 cases,including mitral regurgitation in 8 cases,aortic regurgitation in 5 cases,and pulmonary valve regurgitation in 4 cases.Additional CT findings included patchy parenchymal liver enhancement in 4 cases and pericardial effusion in 3 cases.The anteroposterior diameter of the suprahepatic IVC of the 18 patients was significantly greater than those of 20 subjects in control(t = 4.661,P 0.01).Conclusion Retrograde opacification of the hepatic vein or IVC during enhanced CT indicate cardiovascular diseases possible.


Through analysis of dynamic changes of forest resources in Helanshan mountain during various periods,the law of change of forest resources in Helanshan mountain was clarified and the objective of the struggle for a sustainable development of forest in Helanshan mountain was put forward there on.


We prove that any `finite-type' component of a stability space of a triangulated category is contractible. The motivating example of such a component is the stability space of the Calabi--Yau-$N$ category $\mathcal{D}(\Gamma_N Q)$ associated to an ADE Dynkin quiver. In addition to showing that this is contractible we prove that the braid group $\operatorname{Br}(Q)$ acts freely upon it by spherical twists, in particular that the spherical twist group $\operatorname{Br}(\Gamma_N Q)$ is isomorphic to $\operatorname{Br}(Q)$. This generalises Brav-Thomas' result for the $N=2$ case. Other classes of triangulated categories with finite-type components in their stability spaces include locally-finite triangulated categories with finite rank Grothendieck group and discrete derived categories of finite global dimension.


This study investigated toxic impacts of lead over the concentrations of malondialdehyde (MDA), super oxide dismutase (SOD), proline activity and chlorophyll content in Capsicum annum. Despite a reduction in the growth of the plant, its MDA, SOD and proline contents were increased, whereas its chlorophyll content was decreased under the heavy metal stress, corresponding to the concentration of the metal ion. Increased amount of MDA was indicative for the formation of free radicals in plants under heavy metal stress, while increased levels of SOD and proline were pointed to the occurrence of a scavenging mechanism. The decrease in chlorophyll content is an indication of reduction in the growth of the plants leading to a decrease in the yield.


The a-C∶H(N) films was deposited from the mixture of C 2 H 2 and N 2 by rf-dc plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition. The influence of N 2 percentage in the mixture on the composition and structure of a-C∶H(N) films was studied by XPS. As the N 2 percentage in the feed gas was increased from 0% to 75%, up to 9.09% N was incorporated in the film. The results of analysing C1s and N1s core level indicated that a-C∶H(N) films are consisted of stoichiometry C 3 N 4 phase and CH x matrix which is identified as predominantly sp 2 bonded structure. The N/C ratio of C 3 N 4 phase is near 4/3. The N atoms incorporated in the films is useful to increase the content of C 3 N 4 phase and sp 3 /sp 2 ratio.


Purpose : This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of FES with abdominal muscle contraction before virtual reality training on balance and gait ability in patients of stroke patients. Methods : The subjects were 30 stroke patients who satisfied the selection criteria. They were randomly assi...


A 1:17 scale physical hydraulic model of a radial gate was employed to determine forces during the lifting and lowering of the gate with rates from 0.1 to 1.1 m/min for prototype (current operating rate is 0.1 m/min), and to determine the combinations of discharge, gate opening and tailwater level that cause instability of the gate. Forces were measured in trunnion bearing and in both hoists without restricting the movement of the model. Tailwater levels covered a wide range, representing the changed conditions after the completion of the downstream dam. The study indicated certain trends regarding the instability of the gate, and showed that the current rate of raising the gates could be significantly increased, providing safer operation of the whole system during some specific operating conditions.


Abstract : The experimenters' objectives were (1) to obtain introspective reports concerning the subjects' general attitudes toward the experiment; (2) to obtain information regarding any change in the motivational state of the subjects as the experiment progressed from week to week, and any change during a typical one-hour watch; and (3) to get some indication of the subjects' intellectual approaches to the vigilance tasks.


This work describes a case about the appication process of strategic planning in a small company which offers accounting services, describing the actions as they have been carried out. This work also presents the recomendations proposed by the bibliographic review and its real following to the internalization of conceptis institutional at the institutional and cultural enviroment in which the company is placed. The information was collected through documentary analysis and non structural interviews. The correct analysis enables the verification of fcators that can contribute or make the process more difficult, following the tasks explained in the application proposals, as well as the bibliographic recomendations of strategic planning and well planned and coordinated actions. All the actions were decided considering the new tendencies and transformations which are happeninig in the global world, since this management tool can help the decision making and offer the market competitive differentiate.


Summary. The case of two variables is considered, where the sample consists of two heterogeneous groups. The behaviour of the pooled sample correlation coefficient is studied. The heterogeneity of the two groups may be interpreted as a hidden qualitative variable. It is shown that, even if the correlation is the same within both groups, the pooled correlation coefficient may be severely biased owing to heterogeneity of other group-specific parameters. In the case of uncorrelatedness, nonsensical correlation may arise from pooled estimation. These and further results are obtained and can be quantified or forecast from an asymptotic formula for the pooled sample correlation coefficient, which is well reproduced in finite sample computer experiments and illustrated with empirical examples.


There are 14 species 2 varieties of Rhamnus in Gansu province,most of which distribute in natural forest region.Based on the investigation and study for many years,woody plant species and distribution of Rhamnus in Gansu were reported for the first time.


The development of informational capitalism has contributed to growth in the production of symbolic goods and, in this context, the producers of such goods have the capability to become agents of development through a collective action. The objective of this study was to understand the entrepreneurial action of film production in the northeastern Brazilian state of Pernambuco, where recent films have received national and international recognition. In-depth interviews were carried out with three producers active in Pernambuco and discourse analysis was used to analyze these interviews. The discursive dimensions found in this analysis point to a demand for new, organic organizational formats and structures. Production management for each film evidenced organizational dynamics marked by collaboration, joint "adventures", "invisible governance" and collegial, networked decision making. Collegiate social technology enables the generation of intellectual, social, economic and cultural capital through the multidirecionality of entrepreneurial action in the cultural sphere.


Sweet potato starch phosphoric ester was prepared with sweet potato starch as raw material and sodium trimetaphosphate.The gelatinization properties of starch phosphoric ester was studied in detail by polarizing microscopy,spectrophotometer and circumvolution viscosity analyzer and so on.The results indicated that sweet potato starch phosphoric ester showed higher pasting temperature,stability of hot and cold viscosity,stability of freeze-thaw and higher salt tolerance,while the transparency,settlement,and retrogradation of modifed starch showed similar to that of raw starch,and the degree substitution has a significant effect on the properties.


An ecologicalized multi-agent system is a co-evolutive multi-agent system which consists of many heterogenous agents.Ideas and cognitive models for ecological multi-agent systems,which form the fundamental frame for agents' knowledge and believes,are put forward in this paper; and a checking structure for the model is designed.Finally,it illustrates that the model can enable agents' cognitions to three levels: concept graphs,fuzzy-word computations and correlative frames.The model may establish foundations for agent-based prolem-solving.


Internal quality control at the chemical analytical laboratory, involves a continuous, critical evaluation of the laboratory's own analytical methods and working routines. The control encompasses the analytical process, starting with the sample entering the laboratory and ending with the analytical report. The most important tool in the quality control is the use of control charts. The basis is that the laboratory runs control samples together with the routine samples. For internal quality control in the Nordic countries the laboratories are extensively using the popular and very readable Trollbook (published in 1986). The importance of the Trollbook may be illustrated by the fact that it is available in Norwegian, Swedish, Finnish, Estonian, Chinese and English versions today. This handbook has been updated 2004 and revised 2006 in a NORDTEST/Nordic Innovation Centre project to fulfill the demands from ISO 17025 on quality control and measurement uncertainty. It has been presented at several conferences. In practical work it is necessary that the quality control is limited to fulfilling the demands on the analytical results – a good balance between control work and analyses of samples is essential. The aim of this handbook is to describe a fit for purpose system for internal quality control at analytical laboratories that are performing chemical analysis. The approach is general but the examples are mainly from chemical water analyses. Important changes in the Trollbook are: 1) the use of more reliable control limits and central line based on e.g a one-year period, 2) introduces target control limit, 3) introduces the concept of method in control but out of statistical control, 4) describes how to evaluate quality control data over longer time periods, 5) proposes the use of quality control data in evaluating the uncertainty. The English version of the handbook is available at www.nordicinnovation.net, Nordtest, Tecn. Report TR569.


Similarities between spectral correlation and the sense of hearing are analyzed in this paper. For example, they are both irrespective of the signal's initial phase. Whether the signal is sine or cosine, it sounds identical as long as the frequencies are the same, and the spectral correlation is approximately unit. Based upon this phenomenon, a framework of apparatus for imitating the hearing sense used in troubleshooting machine faults is proposed.


Objective:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of tirofiban for percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Methods: 60 patients diagnosed AMI were randomly divided into tirofiban group(n=30) who received tirofiban and half-heparin dose, and the control group(n=30),who were treated by full dose heparin during PCI. The coronary TMP flow of IRA after PCI,major adverse cardiac events (MACE) rates within 24 hours and 30 days, bleeding rates were analyzed and compared between the two groups. Results:Three degree TIMI myocardial perfusion of tirofiban group was 96.7%(29/30),but the control group was 80.0%(24/30)(P0.05). The MACE rate of tirofiban group was 6.7%(2/30),but the control group was 16.7%(5/30)(P0.05). There were no difference of complication of bleeding between the two groups.Conclusion:The results suggest that tirofiban is a safe and more efficacious therapy for the patients with AMI during PCI compared with conventional therapy, which can improve the situation of myocardial reperfusion and degree the MACE.