$I.50. The Bhagavadgita. Sanskrit text with an introductory essay, English translation, and notes by S. RADHAKRISHNAN. New York: Harper & Bros., I948. Pp. 388. $3.50. BLUM, JEROME. Noble Landowners and Agriculture in Austria, i8I5-i848: A Study in the Origins of the Peasant Emancipation of i848. ("Johns Hopkins University Studies in Historical and Political Science.") Baltimore: Johns Hopkins Press, I948. Pp. 295. BOOLE, GEORGE. The Mathematical Analysis of Logic. Oxford: Basil Blackwell, I948. Pp. 82. 7S. 6d. BUBER, MARTIN. Hasidism. New York: Philosophical Library, 1948. Pp. 208. $3.75. CASSIRER, ERNST; KRISTELLER, PAUL OSKAR; and RANDALL, JOHN HERMAN, JR. (eds.). The Renaissance Philosophy of Man. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, I948. Pp. viii+405. $5.00. CASTELL, ALBUREY (ed.). Essays in Pragmatism by William James. New York: Hafner Pub. Co., I948. Pp. xvij I78. Cloth, $i.90; paper, $o.go. Chapters in Western Civilization, Vol. I. Selected and edited by the CONTEMPORARY CIVILIZATION STAFF of Columbia College, Columbia University. New York: Columbia University Press, I948. Pp. ixt437. $2.50. Chapters in Western Civilization, Vol. II. Selected and edited by the CONTEMPORARY CIVILIZATION STAFF of Columbia College, Columbia University. New York: Columbia University Press,


In this paper, we consider two new subclasses consisting of analytic and m-fold symmetric bi-univalent functions in the open unit disk. Also, we establish bounds for the coefficients for these subclasses and several related classes are considered and connections to earlier known results are made.


: Intertextuality has often been viewed as the mere rewriting of the plot of a work of literature, thus downplaying the role of structures in creating nets of meaning which cross the boundaries of a single text. By contrast, the present study deals with the meanings attached to traditional structures such as the beginning in medias res (or tragische Analysis ). In particular, this article presents the way the manipulation of this device inherited from ancient epics allowed Milton to reverse its original moral implications in Paradise Lost , thus bringing about what John M. Steadman has defined a "Copernican Revolution" in literature. In addition, this study analyzes the reuse of the Miltonic model in Falling Bodies by the contemporary American poet Mary Jo Salter. In this Milton-derived play tragische Analysis is used for bringing about a new Copernican Revolution in which the focus has been shifted from morals to metaliterature. In effect, this structure enables Salter to investigate the very mechanisms of intertextuality and to show that literary recreation never turns upside down the system it belongs to; rather, it enriches the tradition it has stemmed from in a ceaseless process of rewriting and manipulation. Resumen:


Overlapping,as a means of Abstract syntax,has been widespread and used extensively in Yangquan dialects.The paper focuses on the term overlap with Yangquan dialect for the study type,if necessary,with other branches in Shanxi dialect language for comparison,to examine the morphological characteristics of Yangquan dialect and language trends.


The NHS must adopt a much more open culture rather than one of blame and punishment, Hamish Meldrum, chairman of the BMA, has told the association's annual conference in Liverpool.

Commenting on the case of Margaret Haywood, the nurse who was struck off by the Nursing and Midwifery Council for taking part in a whistleblowing Panorama television programme, Dr Meldrum said that such cases "send out completely the wrong message to those health professionals who might want to speak out about unacceptable conditions in their workplace."

He added: "We will not tolerate a substandard service for our patients, and we will not tolerate a culture of muzzling or bullying of our staff."

George Rae, a GP from …


The critical behaviour of a one dimensional long-range absorption-desorption model is studied by dynamic Monte Carlo simulation, finding that the critical point λc and the interaction distance r-1-α have the exponential relationship λc = λc0+Be-α/γ for α≥1.0.


Compares the personal ethical ideologies of idealism and relativism of American marketers with their South African counterparts. The perceptions of ethical problems, ethical intentions, and coporate ethical values of the parties are also contrasted. The findings indicate that South Africans were more idealistic and less relativistic than their American counterparts. The hypotheses that there will be no differences between South African and American marketers in terms of their ethical perceptions and intentions were not supported. The results generally indicate that South African marketers are more likely to perceive ethical problems than American marketers. However, the survey results revealed that South African marketers tend to be less ethical in their intentions to resolve an ethical problem than their American counterparts. Corporate citizens of South African firms were found to have slightly higher corporate ethical values than their American counterparts, as hypothesized.


Reaction of 3,4-(C10H20O6)C6H3C(Me)═NN(H)[3′-(CF3)C4H2N2] (a) and 3,4-(C10H20O6)C6H3C(Me)═NN(H)(4′-ClC4H2N2) (b) with Li2[PdCl4] and sodium acetate in methanol at room temperature yielded the mononuclear cyclometalated complexes [Pd{3,4-(C10H20O6)C6H2C(Me)═NN(H)[3′-(CF3)C4H2N2]}(Cl)] (1a) and Pd{3,4-(C10H20O6)C6H2C(Me)═NN(H)(4′-ClC4H2N2)}(Cl)] (1b), respectively, with the ligand as terdentate [C,N,N]. The reaction of 1a and 1b with silver trifluoromethanesulfonate and triphenylphosphine yielded [Pd{3,4-(C10H20O6)C6H2C(Me)═NN(H)[3′-(CF3)C4H2N2]}(PPh3)][CF3SO3] (2a) and [Pd{3,4-(C10H20O6)C6H2C(Me)═NN(H)(4′-ClC4H2N2)}(PPh3)][CF3SO3] (2b) with the phosphine ligand occupying the vacant coordination position after chlorine abstraction; these were deprotonated at the hydrazine nitrogen after treatment with sodium acetate, yielding the [Pd{3,4-(C10H20O6)C6H2C(Me)═NN[3′-(CF3)C4H2N2]}(PPh3)] (3a) and [Pd{3,4-(C10H20O6)C6H2C(Me)═NN(4′-ClC4H2N2)}(PPh3)] (3b). Further treatment of 2b with silver trifluoromethanesulfon...


In this paper we investigate the diversification effects when stock market returns are c orrelated with foreign exchange rates. We first show that when equity markets and cu rrency market are correlated, even an identical equally weighted portfolio using equiti es from two countries will yield different diversification effects depending on which c ountry's currency the returns are measured. We develop a measure of comparative ad vantage in risk reduction for a pair of countries, and conduct empirical analyses on st ock indices of 31 countries. The main result suggests that movements in the exchang e rates tend to add risks to the investors from most of the developed countries when th ey invest in emerging markets, while provide hedges to the investors from most of the emerging markets when they invest in developed markets.


The vertical strain of normally consolidated and saturated clay in the process of loading and consolidating is studied in this paper. The settlement is calculated by incorporating the deformation and the consolidation into one procedure. Three-dimensional instantaneous settlement formulas are derived and verified by the measurement results of a pilot embankment.


Background: Maternal and child healthcare is one of the eight basic components of primary healthcare (PHC) in the declaration of Alma-Ata. There is an excellent system of primary health care services for the delivery of maternal and child health services through a network of sub-centres and PHC centres in rural India. Aim and objectives of the study to assess antenatal care (ANC) care services and MCH schemes given to tribal women in Nanded district. Objectives- To study status of ANC care services among tribal ANC mothers. To assess various schemes associated with mother and child health in tribal area.
Methods: Study design was a cross-sectional study. Study conducted at tribal blocks in Nanded district. Sampling and sample size: Convenient purposive sampling was used. Study population was 100 ANC mothers of tribal blocks in Nanded district.
Results: Total number of families belonging to BPL category were 67% and families belonging to APL were 33%. Maximum of 60% were housewives, 39% of ANC mothers were working in the farm, while only 1 ANC mother was Govt. servant.
Conclusions: Addressing the physical and financial barriers of tribal women to access maternal health services, catering the services to their socio-cultural needs, building in trust between beneficiaries in the community and health care delivery system should be the priority.


PURPOSE
To explore the effect of insulin on the expression of prohibitin in osteogenic differentiation of rat's mandibular bone marrow stromal cells(BMSC) in high glucose.

METHODS
Bone marrow stromal cells were obtained from the mandible of Wistar rats and stimulated in three glucose concentrations mineral medium(5.5, 25, 45 mM) with or without insulin(10-5 M) for 1, 3, 7,14 and 21 days. The expression of prohibitin was quantified via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). The mineralization nodules assessment was performed at day 21 by alizarine red staining. The statistics analysis was performed using SPSS 15.0 software package.

RESULTS
High glucose of 45 mM inhibited mineralization of rBMSC and insulin could improve the mineralization in high glucose. The expression of prohibitin of 45 mM group decreased significantly compared with 5.5 mM group and 25 mM group. The expression of prohibitin of each group achieved maximum at day 3. Insulin (10-5 M) increased the expression of prohibitin of 25 mM group and 45 mM group in osteogenic differentiation of rBMSC.

CONCLUSIONS
High glucose inhibited the expression of prohibitin in osteogenic differentiation of rBMSC, and insulin can improve the effect. Prohibitin may play an important part in early stage in osteogenic differentiation of rBMSC.


Text-to-speech (TTS) is the generation ofsynthesized speech from text.Language is the ability to express one'sthoughts by means of a set of signs (text), gestures,and sounds. It is a distinctive feature of humanbeings, who are the only creatures to use such asystem. Speech is the oldest means of communicationbetween people and it is also the most widely used.'Speech synthesis' also called 'Text to speechsynthesis' is the artificial production ofhuman speech. A computer system used for thispurpose is called a speech synthesizer and can beimplemented in software. A text-to-speech(TTS) system converts text to speech.The proposed Enhanced Transcriptions Method is developed using Microsoft Visual Studio in VB.Net Language. Firstly word indexing is performed for the predefined words then corresponding speech signal is detected and errors in words are calculated using Euclidean distance. The results of the proposed work shows that Enhanced Transcriptions Method has more accuracy 89% as compared to previous Transcriptions Method 79%. The value of specificity for proposed method is 0.89 and for previous method is 0.79.


Hypertension is recognized as age-related disease. However, its interaction with aging at the epigenetic level is still not fully understood. Hypomethylation of Alu elements, the most abundant class of interspersed repetitive sequence in the genome, is associated with global hypomethylation, an important epigenetic event of aging. Dermal fibroblasts have been observed to be affected by hypertension. In vitro study has shown that hypertension accelerated expression of age-related phenotypes. Therefore, in our study, we aimed to examine the relationship between blood pressure, age and Alu methylation status using dermal fibroblasts as a model. Biopsies of dermal fibroblasts were performed on 39 patients with various ages and blood pressure statuses. The patients were grouped into three categories based on their systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP): Normal (SBP = 130 mmHg; DBP = 85 mmHg), High Normal (SBP = 130-139 mmHg; DBP = 85-89 mmHg) and Hypertensive (SBP ≥ 140 mmHg; DBP ≥ 90 mmHg). Combined Bisulfite Restriction Analysis was performed to determine the Alu methylation level and pattern. The data was analyzed using Two Way ANOVA factoring in age groups. The Alu methylation level in the normal, high normal and hypertensive groups according to SBP is 30.3 ± 2.15%, 30.2 ± 2.15%, and 30.1 ± 2.06% and 29.6 ± 1.85%, 31.1 ± 1.78%, and 30.2 ± 2.48% according to DBP (data displaying in mean ± SD). The percentages of
 u
 C
 u
 C methylation pattern were 42.8 ± 5.57%, 42.7 ± 3.84%, 41.9 ± 4.84%, 44.2 ± 5.19%, 40.4 ± 2.95%, and 42.3 ± 4.79% for normal, high normal and hypertensive group, by SBP and DBP respectively. There were statistically significant differences between groups of DBP status with methylation level lowest in the high normal group.
 u
 C
 u
 C methylation pattern was the highest in high normal DBP group (p-value < 0.05). There was also a statistically significant interaction between age and DBP level to Alu methylation. However, there was no statistically significant difference between SBP groups. We conclude that there is a dynamic Alu methylation change in the elevation of DBP with overarching trend of Alu hypomethylation. This phenomenon suggests that Alu methylation may have a role in how hypertension accelerate cellular aging in different tissues.


While the coronavirus pandemic has affected all demographic brackets and geographies, certain areas have been more adversely affected than others. This paper focuses on Veterans as a potentially vulnerable group that might be systematically more exposed to infection than others because of their co-morbidities, i.e., greater incidence of physical and mental health challenges. Using data on 122 Veteran Healthcare Systems (HCS), this paper tests three machine learning models for predictive analysis. The combined LASSO and ridge regression with five-fold cross validation performs the best. We find that socio-demographic features are highly predictive of both cases and deaths-even more important than any hospital-specific characteristics. These results suggest that socio-demographic and social capital characteristics are important determinants of public health outcomes, especially for vulnerable groups, like Veterans, and they should be investigated further.


The limitation of the single-effect LiBr absorption chilling circle driven by the low temperature solar energy heat source require adopting auxiliary means for proper operation. A modified compressor assisted scheme by adding an isolating valve ahead of the condenser is presented in this paper, which decreases the generating pressure to make sufficient use of the low temperature solar heat source as well as to reclaim the compression work. Based on the calculated results, a relationship of the coefficient of performance (COP) of the modified cycle with heat source temperature and concentration difference between rich and dilute solutions is presented, and the adjusted range of the optimum generation pressure in accord with the heat source temperature is obtained.


Einstein has shown that the relation between molecular movement and diffusion in a liquid may be expressed by the following equation, when the particles move independently of each other:— D=Δ2/2 t , (1) D being the diffusion constant and Δ2 the mean square of the deviation in a given direction in time t . Further, if it be assumed that the particles possess the same mean kinetic energy as gas molecules at the same temperature, the following equation holds Δ = 2RT/N . t /C (2) where R is the gas constant, N Avogadro's number, T the absolute temperature, and C a constant, which we might call the frictional resistance of the molecule. Hence, D = RT/N .1/C. (3) Under the foregoing assumptions equations (2) and (3) hold equally well for dissolved molecules and particles of greater dimensions.


Abstract— The orientation of the principal magnetic axes of the reaction center carotenoid from Rps. sphaeroides wild type is presented. The parameters needed to simulate the observed carotenoid triplet state spectra indicate that the carotenoid adopts a planar structure within the reaction center. A high degree of geometrical and structural specificity is shown to exist for this carotenoid molecule.


In multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna systems both strength of the data layers as well as separation of them is achieved by pre-coding the transmitted signal with different factors for different layers and different antennas. In W-CDMA systems, the selection of these factors is decided anew every transmission time interval, which causes a phase distortion with every change. Due to raised cosine filtering this phase distortion is broadened even if the physical channel is flat in frequency, which distorts the affected symbols and thus limits the maximum bit rate to be transmitted in such cases if no counter measures are taken. If the pre-coding weights of adjacent time intervals are known by the receiver, the distortion can be removed by the equalizer; otherwise high code rates should be avoided by the scheduler. Keywords-W-CDMA; HSDPA; MIMO; pre-coding; raised cosine filter;


Document clustering has been investigated for use in a number of different areas of information retrieval. This study applies hierarchical based document clustering and neural network based document clustering to suggest supervisors and examiners for thesis. The results of both techniques were compared to the expert survey. The collection of 206 theses was used and employed the pre-processed using stopword removal and stemming. Inter document similarity were measured using Euclidean distance before clustering techniques were applied. The results show that Ward's algorithm is better for suggestion supervisor and examiner compared to Kohonen network.


A few years ago, some colleagues and I decided to set up a specialist group within the Institute of Physics (IOP) for physicists working in the nuclear industry.


Strong solvability and uniqueness in Sobolev space W2'"(Cl) are proved for the Dirichlet problem \a'J(x, u)Djju + b(x, u, Du) = 0 a.e. I2 u = <p on d£l. It is assumed that the coefficients of the quasilinear elliptic operator satisfy Caratheodory's condition, the a'i's are VMO functions with respect to x , and structure conditions on b are required. The main results are derived by means of the Aleksandrov-Pucci maximum principle and Leray-Schauder's fixed point theorem via a priori estimate for the 7_2"-norm of the gradient.


Objective: To investigate the contamination of blood pressure cuffs on medical, surgical, paediatric and intensive care areas in a university teaching hospital. Design: A comprehensive, prospective study quantitatively and qualitatively evaluating the bacterial contamination on blood pressure cuffs of 100 sphygmomanometers in use in ten hospital units from June through to July 2007. Setting: A university teaching hospital with medical, surgical, paediatric and intensive care units. Results: The inner sides of the cuffs were found to harbour more organisms (97%) compared to the outer surface (89%). The inside also had a much higher level of contamination, 29% having >100 colony forming units (cfu) compared to only 8% with >100cfu on the outer surface. On average most cuffs were found to have organisms in the 10—100 cfu range. The most heavily contaminated cuffs (>100cfu) were found on the general intensive care unit. Coagulase negative Staphylococcus was the most commonly isolated organism, found in 67% of samples.


The principles of the conservation of 'linear momentum' and the conservation of "energy" are the corner stones of the present theory of physics. The true nature of these concepts and the underlying physical mechanisms of their conservation have, however, never been properly cleared out. Even the great European physicists, Descartes, Leibniz and D'Alembert had lengthy discussions [1] on whether 'kinetic energy' or 'linear momentum' were the true property considered by the conservation laws. In the present physics the linear momentum of a body is mathematically defined as the product of its mass and its velocity and its conservation is explained as a consequence of Newton's first law of motion. In this paper the author reveals the physical nature of the linear momentum of a moving particle system and the physical reason for its conservation in the absence of external interactions. 1. The present law of the conservation of linear momentum 1.1 The conservation of the linear momentum of a single particle The notion of "momentum" finds its origin in Newton's second law of motion, which reads "The rate of change of momentum of a body is equal to the resultant force impressed to it and acts along the direction of that force", or: F = dp/dt = d(m.v)/dt = m.dv/dt = m.a It follows from this second law, that in the absence of external forces (F = 0), the linear momentum remains constant: F = dp/dt = d(mv)/dt = 0 so that: p = mv = constant which is in fact a quantitative expression of Newton's 'first law of motion'. 1.2 The conservation of the linear momentum of a system of particles Newton's third law of motion gives the quantitative relationship between the mutual forces on (i) Updated version of my paper http://viXra.org/abs/1610.0268. Linear Momentum Guido F. Nelissen 2 colliding particles: "Whenever a body exerts a force on another body, the latter exerts a force of equal magnitude and opposite direction on the former". Since 'force' equals the rate of change of momentum (F = dp/dt), Newton's third law can also be expressed in terms of momentum as: "Whenever a body exert a force on another body, the rate of change of momentum of both bodies are of equal magnitudes and opposite directions". Which means that if:


The purpose of this paper is to implement the estimation algorithms of the item parameters in C language by using the item characteristics curve (ICC) for each item in the item response theory (IRT). As a conclusion of the study, experiments were tested with student's exam scores, and showed difference errors between IRTC and BayesiAn program. Thus it showed the reliability of the system result by simulating a practical use possibility. The proposed c code can be thought as an alternative to be helpful for the development of additional programs on a web platform also. Further reseach is needed about the initial problem which is that eventually the error occurs depending on the initial value and the code implement problem on how to get an estimating parameters using other algorithms.


Analytical interferences were observed during the determination of organic compounds in groundwater samples preserved with mercuric chloride. The nature of the interference was different depending on the analytical isolation technique employed. (1) Water samples extracted with dichloromethane by continuous liquid-liquid extraction (CLLE) and analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry revealed a broad HgCl 2 «peak» eluting over a 3-5-min span which interfered with the determination of coeluting organic analytes


Explanations can help users to better understand why items have been recommended. Additionally, explanations for group recommender systems need to consider further goals than single-user recommender systems. For example, we need to balance group members' need for privacy with their need for transparency, since a transparent explanation might pose a privacy hazard. In an online experiment with real groups (n=114 participants: 38 groups of size 3), we seek to understand which factors influence people's privacy concerns when a single explanation is presented to a group in the tourism domain. In particular, we study the direct effects of three factors on privacy concern: a) group members' personality (using the 'Big Five' personality traits), b) specific preference scenarios (i.e., having minority or majority preferences compared to two other group members), c) the type of relationship they have in the group (i.e., loosely coupled heterogeneous, versus tightly coupled homogeneous). We find that for personality two traits, Extroversion, and Agreeableness, each significantly affects the privacy concern. Moreover, having the minority or majority preferences in the group, as well as the type of relationship people have in the group, have a strong and significant influence on participants' privacy concern. These results suggest that explanations presented to groups need to be adapted to all three factors (personality, type of relationship, and preference scenario) when considering the privacy concern of users.


Two types of polymeric ionic liquids (PILs) modified porous silica for CO2 sorption were synthesized by the polymerization of dialkylphosphate di-butyl phosphate [VYIM][Bu2PO4] and 1-allyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate [AMIM][BF4] with alkoxyl-modified silica. The PILs-modified silica (SiO2-P[VYIM][Bu2PO4] and SiO2-P[AMIM][BF4]) were evaluated by CO2 adsorption isotherms at 273 K for investigating the porous structures. The adsorption and desorption behaviors of CO2 (at 298, 313, and 333 K) and N2 (at 313 K) up to 0.2 MPa were also investigated using a gravimetric method. In comparison with bare silica, the grafting of PILs on the support surface leads to a loss of microporosity, resulting in a slight decrease in CO2 sorption capacity. The difference of CO2 sorption capacity between SiO2-P[VYIM][Bu2PO4] and SiO2-P[AMIM][BF4] is little, especially under 0.1 MPa. CO2/N2 selectivity is however notably improved, and especially [AMIM][BF4] modified silica shows the best performance. The homogeneous surface diffusion model (HSDM) was used to estimate the diffusivities and good agreement between experimental values and fitting curves was obtained. The diffusion coefficients of CO2 in the PILs-modified silica are level with that of bare silica at level of 10−7−10−8 m2/s, about two to three orders of magnitude faster than that of reported [BMIM][BF4]. POLYM. COMPOS., 2015. © 2015 Society of Plastics Engineers


The paper proposes a method for synchronizing remote databases with a central database in difficult communication scenarios. Remote points only have occasional access to the Internet, and the central point is protected by a firewall that passes through only basic services, such as HTTP and e-mail. The method consists of using e-mail as a medium for sending shell script and receiving a response/result. High reliability and security of operation are achieved. This method can also be applied to various cases of remote control.


However,this kind of structure in our country still has a lot of disadvantages,such as unreasonable stock ownership structure,the lack of ouner and the irregular layer of directors,supervisors and managers;moreover,the directors,supervisors and managers have poor qualities,and there are a series of problems which don't form efficient system of encouragements and imitations.Thus,the investment part multiplicity and variety,reforming the administration system of rational property should be reformed.The board of stock holders directors and the supervisors.The qualities of the directors supervisors, and manager need improved,carry out the outside directors supervisors system perfecting the manager appointment system,setting up divided system of the trustee and chief managers by making better use of the encouragement and limitation system,mobilizing the enthusiasm of directors managers and supervisors. Thus the company can make benefits from improvement of economy.


As the title suggests, this book celebrates 30 years since the foundation of Schumacher College. it is a collection of essays from a glittering array of thinkers and artists, scientists and educators, poets and writers, all of whom have taught at the College, had a long association with it, or have been a student. The range of forewords themselves make the book worth buying, with contributions from Jane Goodall, Joanna Macy, Frances Moore Lappe, Charles eisenstein, David Abram, Caroline Lucas, otto Scharmer and Brian Thomas Swimme. it is beautifully illustrated by Angèline Bichon, with photographs from Delia Spatareanu. For those not familiar with Schumacher College, it is an independent higher education institution in Devon, england. originally it was best known for its short courses where students would spend several weeks working and studying together in this residential setting. Through its rituals and practices, students learned to live lightly, but comfortably, as part of an intentional community. The College has charitable status and has recently become a provider of undergraduate and master's level programmes. These take place in the fifteenth-century hall house, the old Postern, which is part of the 1,235-acre (500 ha.) Dartington estate. Many of the authors comment on the campus with its ancient woodlands and stunning gardens which produce much of the vegetarian food prepared in the College kitchen. The history of the Dartington estate is fascinating for its radical social and educational experimentation and more can be found here: https://www.dartington.org/about/our-history/.


Objective To assess the efficacy and safety of percutaneous nephroscopic lithotripsy with holmium laser and ultrasound for complicated renal calculi.Methods From Nov 2006 to Dec 2007,under the guidance of B-type ultrasonography,a F24 working channel for percutaneous nephroscopy was established.A combination holmium laser and ultrasonic lithotrite were used under a F20.8 nephroscope to disintegrate and remove stone under direct vision.The clinical data were retrospectively analyzed.Results In 60 cases,20 cases were with renal complete-staghorn calculi,31 cases with partial-staghorn calculi,6 cases with renal staghorn calculi and renal insufficiency,2 cases with solitary renal calculi and 8 cases were with renal caliceal diverticulum calculi.They were treated by one-stage and operation in 49 cases,by two-stages in 12 cases,of which single channel was used in 51 cases,and dual-channel in 8 cases,and tri-channel in 2 cases.Complete stone clearance was achieved in 49 renal units,giving an overall clearance rate of 81.7%. The average time of lithotripsy was 98 min(60-150 min),the average time for stone management was 45 min (30-85 min),Residual stones 1 cm in diameter in the renal calyx were found in 6 cases and cured later by extracorporeal shock wave lithotrilpsy(ESWL)for 1-2 times at 3 weeks after operation.There were no other several complications. Conclusions Percutaneous nephroscopic lithotripsy with holmium laser and ultrasound can fragment complicated kidney calculi quickly and reduce the length of time of operation.It is an efective and safe technique for complicated kidney calculi.


In this paper a novel empirical estimator of the enviromental impact of cellular mobile radio system base stations is presented. This system, composed by two indipendent models, is able to provide an estimate of the electric field intensity produced by antennas in urban propagation enviroments, both for macro-celluar and micro-cellular configurations, through the decomposition of the received signal in two classes of contributions: propagation over roof tops (vertical propagation) and propagation around buildings (lateral propagation). The development of this model is presented, and some results obtained through simulation


When bibliographic databases started to emerge in the mid-1960s, the Information Policy Group of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) realised that computer-based information services would become an important source of scientific information. The Group arranged a series of expert meetings dealing with this new type of service. In one of the meetings in 1968, it was decided that as the distribution and use of databases on


School of Materials Science and Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulasan, Korea Dual-beam experiments (Focused ion beam – Orientation mapping microstructure, FIB-OIM) is a widely used experimental tool because this experiments tool available alternates between automated serial sectioning and EBSD with the help of dual beams. We investigated the reconstruction procedure for analysis tool which three-dimensional internal microstructure using Ni superalloy(IN100) and ZrO2. As a results, we observed annealing twin boundary each layer in Ni superalloy(IN100) and fairly isotropic internal microstructure in ZrO2 using marching cubes algorithm. According to these results, this procedure is reconstructed well and we gained ability to arrange the EBSD map and internal microstructure.


High interconnect bandwidth is crucial for achieving better performance in many-core GPGPU architectures that execute highly data parallel applications. The parallel warps of threads running on shader cores generate a high volume of read requests to the main memory due to the limited size of data caches at the shader cores. This leads to a scenarios with rapid arrival of an even larger volume of reply data from the DRAM, which creates a bottleneck at memory controllers (MCs) that send reply packets back to the requesting cores over the network-on-chip (NoC). Coping with such high volumes of data requires intelligent memory scheduling and innovative NoC architectures. To mitigate memory bottlenecks in GPGPUs, we first propose a novel approximate memory controller architecture (AMC) that reduces the DRAM latency by opportunistically exploiting row buffer locality and bank level parallelism in memory request scheduling, and leverages approximability of the reply data from DRAM, to reduce the number of reply packets injected into the NoC. To further realize high throughput and low energy communication in GPGPUs, we propose a low power, approximate NoC architecture (Dapper) that increases the utilization of the available network bandwidth by using single cycle overlay circuits for the reply traffic between MCs and shader cores. Experimental results show that Dapper and AMC together increase NoC throughput by up to 21 percent; and reduce NoC latency by up to 45.5 percent and energy consumed by the NoC and MC by up to 38.3 percent, with minimal impact on output accuracy, compared to state-of-the-art approximate NoC/MC architectures.


Background This study evaluates the association of adjuvant radiation therapy (RT) with improved locoregional (LR) recurrence for resected melanoma satellitosis and in-transit disease (ITD). Materials and Methods Data were collected retrospectively for resected melanoma satellitosis/ITD from 1996 to 2017. Results 99 patients were identified. 20 patients (20.2%) received adjuvant RT while 79 (79.8%) did not. Mean follow-up in the RT group was 4.3 years and 4.7 years in the non-RT group. 80% of patients who underwent RT suffered a complication, most commonly dermatitis. Locoregional recurrence occurred in 9 patients (45%) treated with adjuvant RT and 30 patients (38%) in the non-RT group (P = 0.805). Median LR-DFS was 5.8 years in the RT group and 9.5 years in the non-RT group (P = 0.604). On multivariable analysis, having a close or positive margin was the only independent predictor of LR-DFS (HR 3.8 95% CI 1.7-8.7). In-transit disease was associated with improved overall survival when compared to satellitosis (HR 0.260, 95% CI 0.08-0.82). Discussion The use of adjuvant RT is not associated with improved locoregional control in resected melanoma satellitosis or ITD. Close or positive margin was the only treatment-related factor associated with decreased LR-DFS after surgical resection of satellitosis/ITD.


Ciphertext policy attribute-based encryption(CP-ABE) scheme widely used in cloud storage for realizing the flexible and scalable fine-grained data access control for secure data sharing with user's under certain credential or attribute's. However most of the (CP-ABE) scheme have the problems such as access policy complexity, low computational efficiency, efficient revocation cannot be performed. Where traditional attribute-based encryption fails to provide efficient keyword's search due to week encryption scheme. In this paper we proposed verifiable ciphertext policy attribute based encryption(VCP-ABE) scheme with efficient attribute's user's revocation and secure keyword search on the encrypted keywords index using keywords search trapdoor where many of existing (CP-ABE) cannot support keyword search. The cloud server cannot learn any information about the keywordssearch trapdoor. Our proposed scheme achieves large universe set and multiple authority with flexible number of attribute's users. The data owner encrypts keywords index and ciphertext to cloud server under hidden access structure and access policy. Where many of outsource computing task can be done by the cloud proxy server CPS like outsource encryption, decryption and revoked related attribute's user's ciphertext update verification that greatly reduce the computational task at user's client side. We provide details of correctness analysis, performance analysis and security proof against chosen keywords attack in standard model for our scheme.


The Low Temperature Transient Liquid Phase Diffusion Bonding (L TTLP) process has been used to reduce the residual stresses and hence, improve the thermal fatigue performance of bonds between dissimilar electronic packaging materials. Aluminum oxide plated with either gold or copper has been bonded to copper heatsinks at temperatures less than 160°C using In-Sn eutectic solders. After two hours at the bonding temperature, Cu/In-Sn/Cu joints exhibit a remelt temperature in excess of 470° and provide static strengths up to four times greater than the original solder bonds. Au/In-Sn/Cu joints do not exhibit a high remelt temperature due to the formation of a stable Au-In-Sn phase which melts below 130°C Both types ofjoints exhibited acceptable thermal fatigue performance for the conditions which were studied,


Language plays an essential role in education, where it serves as both the medium of instruction and key to communication. To warrant successful teaching, learning, research and academic mobility, universities must develop a clear vision about the role of language(s) at their institution. For example, they must develop strategies to promote continual growth of their students' and staff's professional and academic language skills. This article will report on an initiative undertaken within the Arqus European University Alliance to formulate a comprehensive language policy. To do so, five thematic areas essential to language policies in higher education were identified and questions were developed to gather information from all of the partner universities. This information was then incorporated in the planning and design of a language policy for the Alliance. The Arqus Language Policy now stands as a guideline for university members to develop a clear vision of language in higher education as well as a joint reflection and agreement on the role of multilingual communication in society. In the second phase of the project, further actions and measures can be planned on this basis.


Since the 1970s almost all US states have introduced a form of joint custody after divorce. I analyze the causal effect of these custody law reforms on different family outcomes. My identification strategy exploits the different timing of reforms across the US states. Estimations based on state panel data suggest that the introduction of joint custody led to an increase in marriage rates, an increase in overall fertility (including a shift from nonmarital to marital fertility), and an increase in divorce rates for older couples. Accordingly, female labor market participation decreased. Further, male suicide rates and domestic violence fell in treated states. The empirical evidence is consistent with the hypothesis that joint custody increased the relative bargaining power of men within marriage.


The recent advances in SiPM technology and the high demanding performance required by the current applications, especially in the field of time-of-flight estimation, call for a new approach in the design of the front-end amplifier to preserve the correct timing of the signals. Currently, SiPM manufacturers are offering devices with dedicated pins for fast-time outputs and recommending front-end amplifiers based on commercial devices for microwave and radio-frequency. We present in this paper our experience in designing customized wide-band amplifier front-ends for SiPM signals in high-resolution timing applications. The design consists of two stages, the first based on a low noise device (typically a JFET/MOSFET, but we have tried heterojunction transistors as well) to achieve the minimum noise figure and the second based on a MMIC used as a gain stage to boost the signal and maximize the power transfer to the output. The design procedure relies on a combination of the traditional approach of circuit simulation integrated with techniques involving the use of S-parameters, typical of RF applications. Two versions of the amplifier have been laid out and assembled and are currently under test. We present the preliminary characterization results, which demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed design approach.


Leaf blightepidemic of choy sum(Brassica rapa L.) caused by Rhizoctonia solani is always happen in the intensive vegetable area of Ambon Bay during rainy season. The use of chemical pesticides for the control of leafblight diseases is not effective when diseases attack is massif. Biological control will be another way to supress diseases incidence and will play an important role in the future agriculture. The objective of this field experiment was to determine effect of biofertilizer Azotobacter chroococcum and biological agents Trichoderma harzianum on the change of diseasesintensity caused by Rhizoctonia solani, as well as yield of choy sum (Brassica rapa L.). Field experiment was conducted in Entisols, choy sum was sprayed by A. chroococcum and T. harzianum either in single or dual inoculation. The experiment showed that both single and dual inoculation of A. chroococcum and T. harzianumdecreased choy sum leaves dammage causes by R. solani. Controlling diseases by using of dual inoculation decreasd damage intensity up to 10,77%, but statistically did not increase yield. Change in both Azotobacter and Trichoderma population in soil after harvest showed that synergistic interaction was happen between the two beneficial microbe.


In today's changing healthcare environment, surgeons are striving to deliver long term clinical results, while also meeting the needs of their patients within the ninety day episode of care window. In the current North American market, many total hip arthroplasty patients are treated with titanium, tapered press-fit stems. While the design features vary across different stem options, the collared and collarless design feature has sparked the most discussion among health care professionals. The rationale for a collarless cementless implant design originated over thirty years ago. Theoretically, a collarless tapered stem will find its position of optimal stability both intraoperatively with impaction, as well as postoperatively with weight bearing. Designers hypothesize that a collar may prevent the stem from finding its optimal position, leading to micromotion and failure of biological fixation. While collarless stem designs have demonstrated decades of clinically successful survivorship, there are several considerations to be mindful of when evaluating stem performance under the conditions created by modern advances in total hip arthroplasty treatment protocols.


It introduces the principle of interpolation algorithm.In order to solve the problem of generating the pseudo color map according the realized points,it proposes the interpolation algorithm.The process choses the probable parameters to get the pseudo color map of the whole surface.Based on the application of the algorithm in the YZ59 corneal topography system,it describes the progress of the interpolation algorithm.The interpolation result shows that the Shepard algorithm is more precise and suitable for clinical use.


OBJECTIVE: To describe a patient with bilateral carotid and vertebral artery dissections in the post-partum period following a cesarean section. BACKGROUND: Spontaneous multiple precerebral arterial dissection is extremely rare, especially in association with pregnancy. Previous reports of precerebral arterial dissection in the post-partum period were attributed to eclampsia and mechanical straining during vaginal delivery. We report a case of spontaneous dissection of the bilateral carotid and vertebral arteries occurred in a young woman following cesarean section in the absence of mechanical straining, trauma or hypertension. DESIGN/METHODS: Case report and review of the literature. RESULTS: A 29-year-old woman presented to the emergency department 2 weeks following an elective cesarean section with a sudden occipital headache, right-side numbness and weakness. Neurological examination revealed right Horner syndrome, mild right hemiparesis and hemianesthesia. Brain MRI revealed a small infarct in the right lower lateral medulla. Cerebral angiography revealed bilateral carotid pseudoaneurysm and vertebral arterial dissections without evidence of fibromuscular dysplasia or atherosclerosis. She was treated with antithrombotic (aspirin 325 mg daily). Cerebral angiography 3 months later showed significant improvement in blood flow in the carotid and vertebrobasilar systems with evidence of resolving pseudoaneurysms in the internal carotid arteries. Follow up after 6 months revealed complete resolution of the neurological symptoms. Similar to our patient, 7 reported cases of post-partum precerbral arterial dissections were associated with vaginal deliveries that had been attributed to the mechanical strain during child birth or eclampsia. One patient had intracranial angiopathy resemble a reversible vasoconstriction syndrome. Four patients treated with anticoagulation. Including our patient, outcome was favorable in all reported cases. CONCLUSIONS: Idiopathic multiple precerebral arterial dissection occurred in the post-partum period in the absence of eclampsia, mechanical strain, or vasoconstriction syndrome. Clinical and radiological outcomes are favorable in all reported cases. Disclosure: Dr. Allam has nothing to disclose. Dr. Alawi has nothing to disclose. Dr. Alshekhlee has nothing to disclose. Dr. Vora has nothing to disclose. Dr. Mehta has nothing to disclose.


e17511Background: Squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (HNSCC) with distant metastasis at diagnosis (stage IVC) is rare, and outcomes are often lumped together with those of patients who re...


It discusses how to construct the product multimedia data ba se in developing CAD system, and gives a practical example to describes the appl ication of related method and technology. It also discusses the problem of integ rating CAD utility program with database system.


Introduction: Receptor models use the chemical characterisation of particulate matter to distinguish the source and analyse the source contributions. The main aim of this study is to carry out source apportionment of PM10 for industrial locations of Vapi and Ankleshwar in Gujarat, using the Chemical Mass Balance (CMB) receptor model.
Materials and methods: At six distinct locations of Ankleshwar and Vapi, respirable dust samplers were used to collect particulate matter on quartz filter sheets for the current study. Filter papers containing PM10 mass were subsequently examined for Water Soluble Ions (WSIs), major and trace elements, elemental and organic carbon followed by source apportionment study.
Results: Using CMB, the contributions obtained for Ankleshwar are 27.85% for crustal or soil dust, 26.31% for fossil fuel combustion, 21.06% for vehicle emissions, 14.20% for secondary aerosols, 9.30% for biomass, and 1.20% for industrial emissions. CMB for Vapi revealed the chief source signatures as fossil fuel combustion including industries contributing 35%, crustal or soil dust contributing 22.90%, biomass burning contributing 19.12%, vehicular emissions contributing 16.18%, and secondary aerosols contributing 6.79%.
Conclusion: By applying the CMB model, the primary source is found to be crustal or soil dust followed by burning fossil fuels, vehicular emissions, and secondary aerosols for Ankleshwar and Vapi, respectively. A quantitative assessment of source contributions to particulate matter is required to create emission control measures. The findings of this study will be beneficial for the environmental management of particle concentrations in the study region.


The Output-specifications in BTL for Education Facilities are the most important requirements in BTL Process. But the Output-specifications are not enough to protect the reduction of building quality. So, the Output-specifications need more details and need the change of role. And the Concept Design Phase after input-step of the Output-specifications are suggested to locate before the notification phase for RFP to the public. The Design Development Phase propose to be performed by proponents after the public notification for RFP.


Planar Multibody Dynamics: Formulation, Programming, and Applications presents analytical concepts, computational issues, and programming techniques for analyzing mechanical systems. Using clear and accessible language, this book demonstrates how simple methodologies can be applied to complex systems. It provides complete computer programs for analysis as well as Web access for updates. Detailed discussions address numerical and computational issues. The author uses MATLAB throughout the text, from the fundamental aspects to more advanced features. The combination of analytical principles and application examples makes this book a unique resource for students and practicing engineers.


In this paper, we consider the problem of applying the method of Lyapunov functionals to investigate the stability of non-linear integro-differential equations, the right-hand side of which is the sum of the components of the instantaneous action and also ones with a finite and infinite delay. The relevance of the problem is the widespread use of such complicated in structure equations in modeling the controllers using integral regulators for mechanical systems, as well as biological, physical and other processes. We develop the Lyapunov functionals method in the direction of revealing the limiting properties of solutions by means of Lyapunov functionals with a semi-definite derivative. We proved the theorems on the quasi-invariance of a positive limit set of bounded solution as well as ones on the asymptotic stability of the zero solution including a uniform one. The results are achieved by constructing a new structure of the topological dynamics of the equations under study. The theorems proved are applied in solving the stability problem of two model systems which are generalizations of a number of known models of natural science and technology.


Approximately one-third of Indian older than 65 years of age are fully edentulous, requiring replacement of missing teeth. While the conventional denture may meet the needs of many patients, others require more retention, stability, function and esthetics, especially in the mandible. The implant-supported prosthesis is an alternative to the conventional removable denture.

Conclusions : The literature indicates that implant-supported overdentures in the mandible provide predictable results with improved stability, retention, function and patient satisfaction compared with conventional dentures. Implants placed in the anterior mandible have a success rate equal to or greater than 95 percent. When planning treatment for patients with edentulous mandibles, clinicians should consider the implant-supported prosthesis.


This chapter documents the importance of nonbanksin retail payments in the United States and in 15 European countries and analyses the implications of the importance and multiple roles played by nonbanks on retail payment risks. Nonbanks play multiple roles along the entire payment processing chain. They are prominent in the United States and their presence is high and growing in Europe as well, although there are differences among the various countries and payments classes. The presence of nonbanks has shifted the locus of risks in retail payments towards greater relevance of operational and fraud risk. The chapter reviews the main safeguards in place, and concludes that there may be a need to reconsider some of them in view of the growing role of nonbanks and of the global reach of risks in the electronic era.


Lightweight, slender manipulators offer faster response and/or greater workspace range for the same size actuators than tradional manipulators. Lightweight construction of manipulator links results in increased structural flexibility. The increase flexibility must be considered in the design of control systems to properly account for the dynamic flexible vibrations and static deflections. Real time control of the flexible manipulator vibrations are experimentally investigated. Models intended for real-time control of distributed parameter system such as flexible manipulators rely on model approximation schemes. An linear model based on the application of Lagrangian dynamics to a rigid body mode and a series of separable flexible modes is examined with respect to model order requirements, and modal candidate selection. Balanced realizations are applied to the linear flexible model to obtain an estimate of appropriate order for a selected model. Describing the flexible deflections as a linear combination of modes results in measurements of beam state, which yield information about several modes. To realize the potential of linear systems theory, knowledge of each state must be available. State estimation is also accomplished by implementation of a Kalman Filter. State feedback control laws are implemented based upon linear quadratic regulator design.


Purpose : This study is to examine sexual knowledge, sexual attitude, stress coping and resilience and their related factors of North Korean female defectors. Methods : The cross-sectional survey design was used with a convenient sample. Data was collected using a self-reported questionnaire from 131 North Korean female defectors who were recruited at the two Settlement Support Offices for Dislocation of North Koreans. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, and Pearson correlation coefficient. Results : The mean scores of sexual knowledge, sexual attitude, stress coping and resilience were 0.58, 2.88, 1.41, 3.81 each. The related factors of sexual knowledge were number of countries one stayed before entering South Korea(F=6.56, p=.002), presence of a member of the Labor Party in one''s family(t=2.66, p=.009), perceived need for sex education(t=-2.22, p=.028), experience of sex education in North Korea (t=2.79, p=.006), perceived need for sex education at home(t=2.83, p=.006). The related factors of stress coping were age group (F=3.88, p=.011), and usefulness of sex education in North Korean school(t=-2.11, p=.039). There were statistically significant positive relationships among sexual attitude and stress coping(r=.18, p=.035), sexual attitude and resilience(r=.27, p=.005), stress coping and resilience (r=.65, p<001). Conclusion : The findings in this study showed that North Korean female defectors are in need of customized sex education and health care service based on their characteristics including age, stress coping and resilience.


The smart home is one of the most prominent applications in the paradigm of the Internet of Things (IoT). While, it has added a level of comfort and convenience to our everyday life, at the same time, it brings a unique security challenge of mitigating insider threats, posed by legitimate users. Such threats primarily arise due to sharing of IoT devices and the presence of complex social and trust relationships among the users. The state-of-the-art home IoT platforms manage access control by deploying various multifactor authentication mechanisms. Nevertheless, such hard-security measures are inadequate to thwart insider threats, and there is a growing need to integrate user behavior and environmental contexts to make intelligent authorization decisions. In this article, we propose a novel context-sensitive and behavior-based security framework, called SoftAuthZ, that incorporates soft-security mechanisms, such as belief, confidence, etc., to support authorization decisions. Our framework integrates multiple IoT environment-specific attributes, such as environmental context, nature of the device, requested capabilities (actions), users' trust levels concerning the home environment, and variability in device access requests into a linear regression model, and computes confidence related to access requests. Such confidence scores can be used by the home IoT platform to make authorization decisions. Extensive analysis and simulation-based performance evaluation validate the efficacy of our framework, demonstrating that it can classify users based on their device usages, and also achieve higher rates of successful authorization.


Abstract The results of simulated drop fall in horizontal flows with the vertical shear of different kinds (constant linear, periodic, and with random velocity distribution) are presented. It is shown that the inertia of drops is significant enough to lead to substantial drop velocity deviations from the velocity of the flow and to the generation of relative velocity between drops of different sizes. For small droplet the velocity difference caused by turbulence is of the same order as the difference in terminal fall velocities. The results of calculations of drop fall through the horizontal flow with the random Kolmogorov spectrum distribution of velocity indicate that a comparable impact of turbulence in this flow is significant for the whole spectrum of drop sizes and that it even increases for small droplets. The increase of the relative velocity between interacting drops is interpreted as an increase in the swept volume and an increase of a number of drop collisions per unit of times. Thus, in the co...


We report on the development of ZX software providing high performance data transfer and encryption. The design scales in: computation power, network interfaces, and IOPS while carefully balancing the available resources. Two U.S. patent-pending algorithms help tackle data sets containing lots of small files and very large files, and provide insensitivity to network latency. It has a cluster-oriented architecture, using peer-to-peer technologies to ease deployment, operation, usage, and resource discovery. Its unique optimizations enable effective use of flash memory. Using a pair of existing data transfer nodes at SLAC and NERSC, we compared its performance to that of bbcp and GridFTP and determined that they were comparable. With a proof of concept created using two four-node clusters with multiple distributed multi-core CPUs, network interfaces and flash memory, we achieved 155Gbps memory-to-memory over a 2x100Gbps link aggregated channel and 70Gbps file-to-file with encryption over a 5000 mile 100Gbps link.


The present paper analyses the introduction to the novel La cognizione del dolore by Carlo Emilia Gadda, written in the form of a dialogue by its author and entitled L'Editore chiede venia del recupero chiamando in causa l'Autore. The introduction provides a comprehensive account of the main motifs of this novel and, at the same time, of Gadda's work in general; its main point being a polemic against the objections of critics, who perceive the writer as "baroque" and grotesque, i.e. a writer who uses an overly complex style and narrative structure and represents reality in a distorted way. Drawing on recent critical studies as well as on research carried out on Gadda's contemporary critics, the paper focuses on certain aspects of the text, such as its genesis, structure and its central motifs.


Water, energy and food are deeply interlinked resources. Food and energy production require over 90% of our global water resources. In this time of climate change and rapid population growth, water...


Pyridazinone and pyridinone analogs were reported as a novel class of inhibitors of genotype 1 HCV NS5B polymerase. Here we report a receptor based 3D QSAR (quantitative structure-activity relationship) for set of 100 molecules. Receptor binding conformation of the molecule gives an added advantage to understand ligand receptor interactions required for bioactivity. Induced-fit docking approach was employed to obtain the receptor based conformation of the highly potent molecule that was used as template for alignment of dataset. Comparative molecular field analysis (CoMFA) and Comparative molecular similarity indices (CoMSIA) fields were calculated using SYBYLX1.2. Molecules were divided into training and test sets, PLS analysis was performed and QSAR models were generated. Models showed good statistical reliability which was evident from the r 2 nv, q 2 loo and r 2 pred values. CoMFA and CoMSIA model provides the most significant correlation of steric, electrostatic, hydrophobic, hydrogen bond acceptor and donor fields with biological activities. Information rendered by 3D QSAR model helped us to optimize the lead and design new potential inhibitors.


Load fluctuations and waste heat problems in steem based installations are receiving more attention due to fuel crises and optimization trends in Engineering and thermal energy storage techniques are being developed and modernized which provide quite satisfactory solutions. Two types of accumulators have been described and compared. Also their typical applications in steam based industrial units and power stations have been shown for eliminating shortage of steam, balancing fluctuations, recovering waste heat and adjusting heat and power requirements for combined plants.


To determine the long‐term impact of developing acute renal failure (ARF) on survival after open aortic arch reconstruction for acute type A aortic dissection (ATAAD).


In Kurdish, the defective verb (bon)(بون) which means(to become) is similar in form to the defective verb(bon)(بون) which means(to be). Both verbs are derived from the same root. This topic, particularly in Bahdinani Kurdish, has never been investigated yet. Thus, this research tries to study and identify the syntactic features of the defective verb (to become) depending on analyzing the behaviour of this verb in its different forms and kinds of complements used with verb. At the end of the research, it has been concluded that the verb (bon-to become) has all   forms and tenses and the position of the complement (before or after the verb) affects its meaning changes with some complement.


Background: In China, the primary healthcare system has played a frontline role in the prevention and treatment of COVID-19 since the outbreak of the pandemic During the process, a series of problems have been exposed, such as general practitioners'(GPs') inadequate knowledge and insufficient practice of containing infectious diseases, suggesting that the research on the training mechanism of GPs in China should be further deepened Objective: To analyze the task of GPs after the completion of the national standardized general medicine residency training program, to provide a basis for further revision of the Contents and Standards of Standardized General Practice Residency Training Program(2019 Revised Edition) Methods: Participants were general residents who completed the national standardized general medicine residency training program with a certificate less than 3 years ago, and worked at institutions consisted mainly of township health centers, community health centers(stations) and the general practice department of general hospitals An email-based survey using a self-designed questionnaire was conducted among the participants to collect their demographic data, tasks, symptoms and diseases encountered during practice, and knowledge and skills required to complete the tasks Results: Among the respondents, the percentages of working at township health centers, urban community health centers, general hospitals, and other types of institutions were 42 3%(220/520), 36 2%(188/520), 20 4%(106/520), and 1 1%(6/520), respectively The percentages of working as GPs, GPs and public health physicians(whose practice tasks consist of equal parts of general practice and public health issues), public health physicians(whose practice tasks consist of mainly public health issues), and other types of roles were 63 4%(330/520), 20 4%(106/520), 8 1%(42/520), and 8 1%(42/520), respectively The top 3 tasks most frequently practiced were medical history collection, physical examination, and diagnosis and differential diagnosis In terms of the weight for practical application of theoretical knowledge included in the national standardized general medicine residency training program, the diagnosis and treatment of common chronic noncommunicable diseases, clinical thoughts targeting the health problems of served individuals or populations, and standardized management of common chronic noncommunicable diseases were top-ranked ones In terms of task weight in performance, the top-ranked 10 essential skills included in the national standardized general medicine residency training program are as follows: clinical examination and result analysis, wound dressing change and suture removal, operation of electrocardiograph, systematic physical examination, debridement and suture of small wound, standardized management of hypertension, standardized management of diabetes, chest X-ray interpretation, writing electrocardiographic diagnosis report, and health education The top-ranked symptoms and systematic diseases encountered by GPs in terms of frequency and importance were all commonly seen in clinical practice Conclusion: The Contents and Standards of Standardized General Practice Residency Training Program(2019 Revised Edition) is relatively matched with the actual work of residents, but it is also necessary to strengthen the training of theory and skills required by some practical tasks Furthermore, the outbreak of COVID-19 pandemic suggests the need to enhance theoretical and skills training of infectious diseases and public health Copyright © 2020 by the Chinese General Practice


It is known that organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs) can reach an internal quantum efficiency close to 100 %1 . Outcoupling of the generated photons however is not that efficient resulting in an extraction efficiency of only around 20 %2 . This is mainly due to total internal reflection at the OLED-substrate and substrate-air interfaces. In recent literature1,3 , lenses are proven to be an adequate solution, but lens production techniques are complex, expensive and unsuitable for mass production. The aim of this research is therefore to investigate the development of a cost-effective lens array film by inkjet printing. These inkjet printed lenses are validated by pixelated OLEDs. Firstly, circular patterns of anisole are printed in a regular hexagon on PMMA-foil. Due to the coffee ring effect, reservoirs are formed in this foil which prevent the liquid lenses from merging. Afterwards these lenses, i.e. spherical droplets of NOA74, are deposited into these reservoirs and cured by ultraviolet light. Finally, the lenses are connected to printed pixelated OLEDs. The developed lens array film increases the OLED's outcoupling efficiency by more than 20 % as is also expected from a theoretical study on these light extraction principles. The combination of the above-mentioned route for lens printing with the deposition of patterned OLED pixels, will not only improve the outcoupling to a large extend but will also help to develop OLEDs with a tailored emission pattern. A throughout understanding of the principles behind it will lead to optimized extraction efficiencies for large area printed OLED panels.


According to the continuous development and perfect of our country's socialism market economy system,differences between financial accounting and tax accounting appear gradually,and a rift about the requests to accountancy's items also appears as following.The problem of abruption between tax accounting and financial accounting has already caused people's widespread concern.The abruption of tax accounting and financial accounting is that the reform of our country's accountancy system is demanded when getting line with the international conventions,and is also the objective request of building up the modern business enterprise system.


Technology and law enforcement are now commonly used hand in hand to improve public safety. Most police departments only use CCTV cameras at a few major intersections for remote surveillance. The public is waiting too long for emergency response lines, therefore using new technologies to improve the current policing system has become one of the police's main goals. The paper presents a coordinated framework that could identify the subtleties of violations via an automated public area surveillance system, specifically the weapon-related crimes and vehicle accidents, which are then disassembled, analyzed, and stored for future inspections. The trained models are aimed to reduce the false positives of incident detection. The weapon detection system had the best average precision (93.8%) by using YOLOv5 while the vehicle accident detection system resulted in the best average precision (94.9%) by using YOLOv4. The system is tested against the collected set of CCTV footage and tested how long it takes to create a notification which is the main goal of this system. Notification is generated in less than 5 seconds after an incident is detected. The evidence collection engine developed with MATLAB delivered the expected with an accuracy of 97% making the extracted evidence reliable to both vehicle accidents and crime scenes. Additionally, the framework provides an effective and efficient communication channel through which the residents can report crimes to regular parties.


This study proposes a new method on ''detect-ing brain region in MRI data''. This task is generally named as ''skull stripping'' in the literature. The algorithm is developed by using the cellular neural networks (CNNs) and multistable CNN structures. It also includes a contrast enhancement and noise reduction algorithm. The algorithm is named as multistable cellular neural network on MRI for skull stripping (mCNN-MRI-SS). Three different case studies are performed for measuring the success of the algorithm. Also a fourth case study is performed to evaluate the supporting algorithm, the CEULICA. First two evaluations are performed by using well-known MIDAS-NAMIC and Brainweb databases, which are properly organized Talairach-compatible databases. The third database was obtained from the research and application hospital of Necmettin Erbakan University Meram Faculty of Medicine. These MRI data were not Talairach-compatible and less sampled. The algorithm achieved 0.595 Jaccard, 0.744 Dice, 0.0344 TPF and 0.383 TNF mean values with the Brainweb T1-weighted images and 0.837 Jaccard, 0.898 Dice, 0.0124 TPF and 0.1511 TNF mean values with the MIDAS-NAMIC T2-weighted images. The algorithm achieved 0.8297 Jaccard, 0.9012 Dice, 0.0951 TPF and 0.1225 TNF mean values and achieved with the obtained data the best values among the other algorithms. As a result, it can be claimed that algorithm performs best with the non-Talairach-compatible MRI data due to its nature of performing at cellular level.


Abstract : The report describes research into the efficiency of IV-60 manual vibrators, showing the experiments carried out and comparing their productivity in comparison with other vibrators. Tables show the performances of the vibrators, when used at various depths.


Antioxidant activity has been assessed by in vitro method for phytochemical fraction of plant; viz. water extracts of root, stem and flower of Taraxacum officinale plant. This investigation was under taken to evaluate water extracts of taraxacum officinale plant for possible antioxidants potential. Antiradical activity of all extracts was measured by 1, 1, diphenyl-2, picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay and was compared to ascorbic acid and Ferric reducing power (FRAP) of the extract. In the present study two in vitro models were used for evaluation of antioxidant activity. The first one method was for direct measurement of reducing power and the other one for radical scavenging activity. The present study revealed the Taraxacum officinale has significant radical scavenging activity.


Background: Enchondroma in the distal phalanx was very rare. It was difficult to be diagnosed for lack of typical clinical symptoms. Case presentation: We present a case of clubbing felon in an adult patient diagnosed with enchondroma and infection in the distal phalanx of thumb. Local doctor diagnosed it as a "felon" associated with paronychia and who ignored the devastating tumor. Preoperative x-Ray indicated the typical expansile lytic lesion with thinning bone cortex. bone necrosis was present during operation. Pathological diagnosis was enchondroma. The effective treatment of infection, sufficient drainage and application of artificial bone grafting made it easy to achieve a good postoperative result. Two years after surgery, there was no tumor recurrence. Conclusions: Enchondroma in the distal phalanx that may present a "clubbing felon". Timely recognition and appropriate treatment can gain a good result.


A trial was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of an Escherichia coli strain producing α -amylase of Bacillus stearothermophilus on growth performance, nutrient use, and the morphology of the small intestine of broilers fed a corn-based diet. One hundred thirty-five 1-d-old chicks (Cobb 500) were randomly divided into 3 groups and treated as follows: (i) basal diet (control); (ii) basal diet and water supplemented with an E. coli strain that produced amylase, and (iii) basal diet and water supplemented with an E. coli strain that produced amylase plus bacterial hemoglobin. At 21 d of age, supplementation of E. coli improved daily gain ( P < 0.05) and feed conversion ( P < 0.01). At the end of the trial, birds supplemented with water containing bacteria consumed more and grew faster ( P < 0.05) and had better feed conversion


Background Notification of the partners of a person newly diagnosed with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is legally mandated in Missouri. Methods In a four-year period, the Kansas City Health Department tested for HIV antibodies in 61,464 of 61,700 (99.6%) eligible persons using the sexually transmitted disease clinic. Results A total of 366 newly diagnosed HIV cases were identified of whom 291 named 662 sex or needle-sharing partners. Only 447 partners could be located, counseled and/or tested. Of these partners, 165 were HIV infected, but only 33 represented newly diagnosed cases. Conclusion HIV partner notification can be successfully conducted in an urban community.


This thesis project reconsiders the purpose and effectiveness of public, free-to-use outdoor gyms, resulting in the Health Loop nine-station outdoor gym. The project identifies three key areas of f ...


Walter Dean Burnham, of the University of Texas, Austin, warns that with Donald Trump's victory amidst the rise of the alt-right, America should prepare itself for a tumultuous roller-coaster of a presidency over the next four years.


The invention relates to a drive unit 10 for vertical reciprocating pump comprising a pumping device 4 located at the lower end of a 5 drive string, which includes a linear electric motor 12, the inductor and the armature are formed by two coaxial cylindrical members, one of them being coupled to the upper end of the rod 5 drive and movable relative to a fixed structure 11 and comprises a balancing device 13 carrying a force on the movable assembly formed by the pumping equipment, the rod and the engine part is coupled thereto, equal and opposite to the sum of its weight and that of the half-column 0.5 H fluid to raise.


This paper develops a model to examine the macroeconomic implications of population aging. Using a general equilibrium framework, the analysis examines the various channels through which changes in demographics affect the economy. Age-earnings profiles are taken to summarize differences in effective labor supply across age groups and to help determine changes in consumption and saving behavior that occur over an agent's lifetime. Aggregating these supply- and demand-side effects, the implications of aging on economic activity and fiscal policy are then examined.


The physio-biochemical indexes of the leaves of two introduced cultivars of annonaceae(Annona squamosal L.) from Taiwan Province was tested under different low temperature stress to detect their cold tolerance and critical low temperature.The result showed that the critical low temperature of annonaceae was 1 ℃,affected by the duration of low temperature.The relative electrolyte leakage rate of variety Xilin treated at 3 ℃ for 18 hours was approximate with that treated at 1 ℃ for 6 hours.Variety Xilin′s ratio of bound water to free water,soluble protein and soluble sugar mass fraction were higher than the other variety Chulin,and so was its cold resistance.


A rise in antibacterial drug resistance comes at a timewhen our once reliable sources of antibacterial natural products, bacteriaandfungi,are failingus.Thesearchfornewdrugsto fight pathogens has led to a range of innovative approaches and includes screening organisms which have developed evolutionary adaptions to prevent bacterial attack. The discovery of antibacterial phytochemicals from plants can be achieved using an activity-guided platform involving biological and chemical pre-screening, compound isolation, structure elucidation, and thedirect testingof isolated compounds. Challenges include the clean isolation of natural products, avoiding the rediscovery of known compounds, toxicity, and poor levels of activity.


Evaluation of velocity distribution process longitudinally is very much essential for the environmental management, quantifying the mean velocity. In nature, most rivers tend to be of compound sections as well as meandering [1]. Velocity distribution is crucial for solving many engineering problems such as management of rivers and floodplains, it is important to understand the behaviours of flows within compound channels for designing of hydraulic structure, flood control, water management, sedimentation and excavation. During flood runoff water comes out natural or man-made channel, part of the discharge is carried out by simple main channel rest are carried out by flood plain. Experiment results are presented here for the studies conducted in two self designed channels, developed by known discharge. These data's were used for the analysis of velocity distribution and depth average. Velocity at the cross-over of a meandering channel of different sinuosity at various flow depth where investigated for monitoring the contour mapping of flow and graphical analysis of velocity at the cross-over.


Abstract Free movement of capital and payments represents the youngest of the freedoms within the single internal market of the European Union. Th e title "youngest" points on the very slow release of capital markets within the European Community and the European Union which leads to the tardy development of this freedom. It is young also from the view of the legal effects because it was the last of the freedom where direct effect of basal Treaty provision was accepted by the Court of Justice. In the heading of this article I awarded the forth freedom with the adjective "overlooked" which is clearly my subjective opinion on the approach of the EU law scholars to this part of the internal market law. In the most of the substantive textbooks and casebooks we may find only marginal space devoted to this field, especially in comparison with the other market freedoms. My objective is to off er and general introductive insight to this area and to certain extent cover the emerging gap.


Background: Completing nursing school is a challenging task for many students. Nursing schools and faculty are responsible for identifying barriers to student success and facilitating successful outcomes. The purpose of this project is to implement a preparatory student success course to assist nursing students with overcoming academic and social barriers. Purpose: Implementing such a course will promote student success, which will have a positive impact on nursing students, faculty, institutions, and the current nursing shortage. Methods: A student success course was delivered in an online modality during the first semester of an undergraduate BSN nursing program. Anonymous surveys were collected to assess the participants' perceived level of academic behavior confidence before and after implementation. Results: There was a statistically significant improvement in the participants' academic behavior confidence after the implementation of the student success course. Conclusion: Several studies have identified barriers and facilitators to student success. Promotion of student success is most beneficial before, or during, the first year of undergraduate nursing programs. The student success course used in this project improved the participants' perceived level of academic behavior confidence. It is highly recommended that the study is replicated with a larger sample size.


A scan of citation impact suggests that Asian social psychologists have made significant contributions in three areas: indigenous research, culture and social behaviour, and in several topics in social psychology. An analysis of the most cited articles published in Asian Journal of Social Psychology (AJSP) in 1998–2002 in March 2005 reveals that most papers are concerned with culture, with a focus on either popular topics in the West or indigenous concepts. Asian social psychology seems to be closely associated with cultural issues, but it still lacks unique theoretical contributions, and the number of internationally visible scholars is limited and is mostly confined to East Asia. However, Asian cultures provide a fertile ground for identifying new constructs. Many Asian universities are now under pressure to internationalize, which will motivate more academics to participate in Asian conferences and publish in AJSP. To develop Asian social psychology, effort should be focused on nurturing the next generation of Asian social psychologists, who not only need an international perspective, but also ambition and creativity.


The variance in leaf chlorophyll concentration can cause the comprehensive variation of spectral curve in geometry and characteristics. Fractal is an appropriate mathematical tool to explain the comprehensive variation. In this paper, the fractal dimension of segmented reflectance spectral curves was used to assess the leaf chlorophyll concentration by the moving window technique. Firstly, the size of moving window was defined in 10nm, 20nm, 30nm, 50nm, 75nm, 100nm and the best window size was chose by comparing the correlation between fractal dimension and chlorophyll content. Secondly, the fractal dimension with the best window was used to build the estimation model of chlorophyll content, and the estimation result was compared with various spectral VIs. The research result showed that (1) the window with the length of 50nm was the best for chlorophyll content assessment. (2) For different chlorophyll content, the variation of fractal dimension was mainly found in 475nm~650nm of visible light spectra and 720nm~770nm of near-infrared spectra, with the trend of changes conforming to the reflectance. (3) Comparing with several spectral VIs, the fractal dimension was better related with chlorophyll content. So, the fractal dimension of segmented reflectance spectral curve can be served as a new comprehensive parameter to estimate the chlorophyll content of vegetation.


In today's highly competitive scenario, the industrial and retail sectors seek alternatives to ensure their continuity in the Brazilian market. To meet consumer expectations, one of the alternatives these sectors have devised is to offer a mix of products tailored to the profile of each group of customers. Within this context, the Category Management (CM) tool and other Efficient Consumer Response (ECR) practices have begun to take hold in the daily routine, culture and strategies of companies. To illustrate how the CM can be an efficiency-optimizing tool in supply chain management, this article discusses the main actions to be developed in the implementation of this tool in small and medium sized supermarkets, its facilitating and limiting characteristics, and criteria for the choice of business partners.


This paper describes recent developments in Ireland to promote a greater interest in science among students in the 12-15 age group by means of practical work involving Inquiry Based Science Education (IBSE). The tasks, know as Investigations, are a component of the assessment of the subject Science which is studied as part of the Junior Certificate examination for 15 year-old students. The introduction of Investigations has been one of a number of responses to the 2002 report of a government Task Force on the Physical Sciences, set up to consider the problems facing the teaching of the physical sciences in second-level schools in Ireland. This report has resulted in rapid reform of the science curriculum at both junior and senior secondary school level. Whilst practical work has a long and varied history in science education in Ireland, it was only in 2003 that practical work became compulsory with the introduction of a new Junior Certificate science syllabus for students in the 12-15 year old age group. The paper describes the two types of practical work introduced in the syllabus and discusses the results of a survey carried out by the Irish Science Teachers' Association to ascertain the response of teachers to this practical work and the role of Investigations in promoting IBSE in Ireland.


The robust stability of discrete-time systems formulated in terms of the delta ( delta ) operator is discussed. That is, given the nominal characteristic equation P( delta ) of a discrete-time system, it is of interest to know how much the coefficients can be perturbed while preserving stability. A procedure to obtain the maximum intervals for a perturbed polynomial P( delta ) to still be stable is presented. >


Mitomycin C magnetic nanoparticles were prepared using albumin as carrier and Fe3O4 as magnetic material. Some parameters such as mean size, entrapment efficiency, drug loading and in vitro magnetic response were used to evaluate the characteristics of the prepared product. The results showed that the mean size, entrapment efficiency and drug loading were 61.8nm, 89% and 6%, respectively. About 97.6%of the product could be attracted under the condition of capillary bore of 0.5mm, flow rate of 0.5cm/s and magnetic intensity of 5000G. The 8h accumulative amount of product in both pH 7.4 phosphate buffer and saline were about 90%.


The analysis and evaluation of the micro pore structure characteristics of tight sandstone reservoir are of great significance for exploration and development. At present, there is relatively little research on the micro pore structure characteristics of tight sandstone reservoir in China. Based on high-pressure mercury injection experiment, combined with core description and argon ion polishing scanning electron microscope, this paper studies and discusses the pore structure of sandstone, and classifies the reservoir space of Xu2 member sandstone in Northeast Sichuan. The results show that the sandstone reservoir in Malubei structural belt in Northeast Sichuan belongs to low porosity and ultra-low permeability reservoir. At the same time, the results of mercury in-let and outlet curve of high-pressure mercury injection experiment show that the sandstone reservoir in the target section is mainly microporous and mesoporous, and the average displace-ment pressure is 1.33 MPa. The reservoir quality is evaluated quantitatively combined with the structural parameters of high-pressure mercury injection pore throat and scanning electron mi-croscope. It is considered that the sandstone type of Malubei structural belt in Northeast Sichuan is mainly fine sandstone, with a large number of fractures and secondary pores. It belongs to fracture pore reservoir with good reservoir quality. This study provides a reliable geological and theoretical basis for reservoir evaluation and further exploration and development in Northeast Sichuan.


Vulvar granular cell tumours are uncommon neoplasms of neural origin. The clinical presentations, surgical findings and histology of Granular Cell Tumour (GCT) of the vulva in a 50 year old lady is presented. Although rare, this benign lesion must be considered in the differential diagnosis of the labia majora masses, such as Bartholin,s duct cyst, Lipoma, Papilloma, Hydradenoma and Fibroma. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/akmmcj.v3i1.10111 AKMMCJ 2012; 3(1): 28-30


The deterioration of concrete bridge decks and pavements presents many highway organizations with major problems of providing safe and satisfactory riding surfaces. Concrete polymer materials, with their excellent durability and strength properites, have potential application to highway construction and maintenance and offer potential benefits of an increase in service life and a reduction in the costs, safety hazards, and inconveniences in performing maintenance and repair work. Polymer-impregnated concrete is highly resistant to freeze-thaw damage and water penetration and provides protection from deicing salt penetration and corrosion of reinforcing steel. A precast, prestressed polymer-impregnated concrete bridge deck system is being developed that incorporates the advantages of a precast, prestressed system for rapid construction and strength, and a surface-impregnation technique is being developed for field treatment of newly constructed concrete bridge decks to provide protection of reinforcing steel from deicing salts. Polymer concrete is a versatile, new material with properties compareable to polymer- impregnated concrete and appears to be suitable for both precast and field applications, such as for curbstones, pavement overlays, shotcrete, and rapid-curing patching and repair materials.


Numerical study of coupled heat transfer of gas flow with film cooling, chamber wall conduction, and regeneration coolant cooling in the thrust chamber of a liquid rocket engine was performed. A one-dimensional model was adopted for regeneration cooling to couple two-dimensional model simulation in the thrust camber. Numerical results show that the method adopted can simulate the gas flow field well, and can calculate the heat flux through the wall, the wall temperature, and the temperature increase of the coolant quickly. In addition, liquid film cooling can reduce the wall temperature greatly, and decrease the heat flux transferred from the hot gas to the chamber wall.


Long term study of larger foraminiferal biostratigraphy from the Philippine Archipelago, combined with research on sup- plemental spot samples, leads to a new definition of the East Indies Letter Stages for this region, ranging from a new Tertiary a0 stage to Tertiary h. The newly recognized units, in the form of local assemblage zones of larger foraminifera, are correlated to zonation in other shallow marine carbonate sequences in the eastern and central Tethys. INTRODUCTION AND HISTORICAL BACKGROUND The larger foraminifera (Foraminiferida) are the basis of for age and correlation of the Cenozoic sedimentary rocks from shal- low carbonate-rich marine environments in the east Tethys re- gion. This is essentially the modern East Indies or Indo-west Pacific region, whch includes Indonesia and the adjacent areas to the north and east. In 1927, Van der Vlerk and Umbgrove proposed a subdivision of the Cenozoic strata exposed in the East Indies by means of a Letter Classification for eight Tertiary "stages", actually zones, with the letters "a" to " h", plus a sepa- rate Quaternary, which they based on the ocurrence of 15 of the


We aim at the determination of the absolute, but temporally changing ocean circulation flow field
and of associated mass and heat transports. The study is based on a state‐of‐the‐art circulation
model assimilating the dynamic ocean topography (DOT) derived geodetically by subtracting the
geoid from sea surface heights observed by satellite altimetry. Our geoid model is based on a
satellite‐only combination of GRACE and GOCE.
A prerequisite for the generation of the DOT and its assimilation is a spectral consistency
between altimetric data and gravity field. Two different filter strategies were investigated, a
global approach performed in the spectral domain and a track‐wise approach partly realized in
the space domain. Further, error propagation needs to be performed to ensure optimal
information content of the measured data.
Our analysis focuses on the Southern Ocean and especially the Weddell Gyre, a region of high
variability but also of poor data quality due to the presence of seasonal sea ice cover.
Results are presented for different spatial resolutions and the impact of assimilating the geodetic
DOT on the shape of the modelled Weddell Gyre, oceanic fronts and deeper ocean is discussed.


The present invention, in order to measure and analyze the tissue samples and / or cell lines, relates to a system for collecting and storing epigenetic and phenotypic information about the sample, in which, epigenetic parameters are DNA methylation, expression type parameter represents the individual. The method includes parameters diagnosis of disease and / or drug resistance, in which the correlation between epigenetic parameters and phenotype parameters is carried out substantially without human intervention.


Copperasa metalofchoice for interconnection purposes, needsdamascene approachto realizethe interconnect formation. Thisapproach needsetchstop layers toformviaandtrench. Metaland dielectric barriers arealsoneededtoprevent Copperfromdiffusing intothesubstrate. The integrity andadhesion ofallthesedifferent layers isasubject ofgreat concern fromthe yieldstandpoint. Theproblemneedsmore careful attention withporous lowkdielectric material. Inthispaper, someaspects related totheadhesion ofthevarious thinfilms that formthedamascenestackarediscussed. Analysisof failures/outliers encountered during routine diepulltest isalsodone.The failure analysis performed on suchfailures provideda verygoodinsight intothe weakness inthedielectric stack, thatformthe interconnect, in thecaseof devicewith Copperasback-end metallisation. Techniques toimprove theadhesion ofvarious layers and othernovelapproaches usedtoimprove the processmargin are also discussed. Relationship betweenthediesizeandstress induceddielectric delamination is also discussed inthis paper.


The objective of this paper is to study the performance of a sixth order polynomial approach to model hysteresis behaviour of a magnetorheological (MR) damper under harmonic excitations. The polynomial model is developed based on curve fitting from the experimental results and consists of a pair subsystem namely positive and negative acceleration which correspond to the upper and lower curves. The performance of the proposed polynomial model is compared with a well known non-parametric technique namely inverse model. The energy dissipated and equivalent damping coefficient of the MR damper in terms of input current and displacement amplitude are investigated. From the simulation results, the sixth order polynomial model shows better performance in describing non-linear hysteresis behaviour of the MR damper compared with inverse model. The force tracking control in both simulation and experimental studies demonstrate that a close-loop PI control has the ability to track the desired damping force well.


Mobile and wireless technologies have evolved rapidly in recent years, especially the development of hardware devices, such as PDA and Smart phone. Different kinds of services and applications in these mobile devices, especially Mobile Geographic Information System and Location Based Service have been launched in recent years to help people to establish spatial relationship with the surroundings. Digital Map, which is a useful tool to assist a person for positioning and navigation, is usually included in these services. However, mobility of wireless devices, limited bandwidth of wireless networks, and limited storage capacity of mobile terminals seriously affect the performance of mobile digital maps and its application. In order to boom its application in mobile devices, this paper focuses on four important problems, i.e., data model optimization of mobile digital map, data organization and management at server side and client side respectively, data compression method, representation approaches on mobile terminals. In this paper, we adopt and modify the Europe transportation network standard GDF, accomplish effectively data compression with SVG, and present a new two-layer database structure to organize data. The digital maps can be expressed by multi-approaches, namely layers, districts and scales.


Based on two-dimensional Gō model of proteins and Monte Carlo simulation method, it is found that different compact conformations have different accessibility, i.e., some are easy to reach in the Monte Carlo simulation from a random conformation, while others are not. The logarithm of folding time is approximately a linear function of the contact order of the native conformation, which is consistent with published experimental results. Transition barrier is the main factor to determine the folding time at low temperature when proteins are stable. To fold to native structure with bigger contact order, higher barrier needs to be overcome. To study the folding properties of some prion-like proteins which have two possible conformations, the normal Gō model is extended to double-Gō model with two native states. In folding simulations, the native state with high accessibility is reached with much higher probability than the other. The accessibility of compact structures determines which structure is easy to reach in folding process.