The Immune System and its Function. The Pituitary Gland. Pituitary Malfunction and Immune Abnormalities. The influ-ence of Pituitary-Adrenal Axis on the Immune System. Prolactin and Other Lactogenic Hormones. gonadotropins and Sex Hor-mones. The Pituitary Thyroid Axis. the Effect of Miscellaneous Hormones and Neurotransmitters on the Immune System. Im-munoregulation by Pituitary Hormones. Regulatory Immune-Neuro-Endocrine Feed-back Signals. The Central Nervous System and Learning: Feedforward Regulation of Immune Responses. Role of Hormonal Immunoregulation in Reproduction. The Influence of Hor-mones on Infectious and Parasitic Disease. Sex Hormones in Au-toimmunity. Pituitary-Neurohormonal Immunoregulation in Cancer. Index.


UBC's mechanical engineering program adopted a new evaluation format two years ago basedmore on 'design dossiers' than the traditional formal engineering report. The intent was to provide students with a more industrially relevant experience of generating technical documentation, in which documents are produced on a more continuous basis. Last year, we introduced an evaluation scheme based on rubrics. This year, we plan to compare student and faculty perception sof team performance as evaluated by this rubric scheme. We expect to collect student evaluations from one third to one half of the class and will present our findings at the summer meeting.


I have some general criticisms of the book which, in the context of the overall importance of what Rozario has to say, are relatively minor. First, there was some degree of editing confusion. For instance, while most chapters had a short, separate conclusion, chapters 3, 6 and 7 did not. Second, there were missing references (e.g. Pertierra, 1979, p.48) and third, the index provided was poorly constructed. For instance, major authors cited in the text (Allen on pp.98-99 or Rubin on pp.80-81) were


Conventional CMOS based IC implementations are soon expected to attain a state of saturation mainly due to technological barriers and physical constraints. A number of nanoelectronic devices that may be viable alternatives to standard CMOS have been put forward, and these could pave way for even lower power circuits. Some worthy contenders are carbon nanotube field effect transistor, nanowire field effect transistor, tunnel field effect transistor, and the single electron transistor. In this chapter, deviceand circuit-level techniques have been discussed for designing low power circuits in conventional CMOS. Moreover, various sources of power consumption have been reviewed. It is also attempted to review the major components of power i.e. dynamic, short-circuit, and leakage, followed by basics of device and circuit level techniques to reduce the power components. Further, pertinent features of emerging nanoelectronic devices are discussed. These beyond-CMOS devices are expected to revolutionize the era of electronic systems with their low power & high performance characteristics.


A cliche for printing resist and a manufacturing method thereof are provided to form a convex pattern so that the convex pattern can be protruded higher than a protruded pattern around the protruded pattern contact with resist coated in the outer circumference of a blanket for printing through processes such as the forming, developing, and etching of two metal layers and two PR layers on the cliche, thereby improving greatly transfer characteristics by allowing the convex pattern to limit and cut off exactly the border of resist to be transferred. A method for manufacturing a cliche(100) comprises the following steps of: forming successively a first metal layer and a first PR(PhotoResist) layer on a cliche substrate; developing the first PR layer to form a first resist pattern; etching the first metal layer and the cliche substrate exposed between the first resist pattern to form grooves on the cliche substrate; removing the first PR layer and forming successively a second metal layer and a second PR layer in the upper part of the etched cliche substrate and the first metal layer; etching the upper part of the first metal layer, the second metal layer, and the cliche substrate; and removing the second PR layer and etching the second metal layer.


The inscriptions of Tiglath-pileser III (744-727 BC) have attracted scholarly interest since the very dawn of Assyriology, with the first discoveries at Nimrud by Layard in the mid-19th century. The search for new evidence for this Assyrian monarch, who played a crucial role in stories told in the Bible, was of prime importance in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Since then, it has become fully apparent that his reign marked the beginning of the imperial phase of Assyria, an...


"The authors of this book have made a very important contribution in producing a book that literally provides a roadmap for how to realize MI's potential in school and family contexts. . . .The content coverage of the book's chapters and its strong focus on the development of tools, strategies, and detailed, relevant examples of MI implementation in schools and also with families are, in my view, truly exemplary. . . .I recommend it unconditionally as an invaluable resource for today's related services professional." Hill Walker, PhD, University of Oregon


This short 24 minute documentary addresses one of the greatest civil rights issues of our time, mass incarceration and re-entry, through the lived experiences of formerly incarcerated college students and faculty. It is ideal for adult education classrooms as it addresses the connection between education and the prevention of recidivism. The documentary was created through the collaboration of a group of stakeholders including students, faculty and college administrators. Counterstory was an official selection of (In)Justice for All International Film Festival 2018.
 To view the trailer go to: https://www.facebook.com/counterstoryafterincarceration/?modal=admin todo tour or
https://twitter.com/counterstorydoc
CONTACT: email@example.com to secure Counterstory for educational/public screenings


: Because international graduate students often return to their native countries as educators, politicians, and business people, they have the potential to influence the spread of English, both directly and indirectly. Thus arises the question of whether they will be knowledgeable enough about language issues to make informed language policy decisions. Although the spread of English as an international language has generated much research, little has been done to consider the role these graduate students will play in such future policy making, or the role indirectly played by the universities they attend in forming these policies. This paper reports and interprets the results of an exploratory survey designed to discover how international graduate students think about and use English. In particular, the following aspects were considered: the functions and varieties of English, the worldwide role of English, and attitudes and changes in attitudes toward English. The research suggests that students tend to emphasize the instrumental role of English, to lack an awareness of issues such as the nativization of English, to support English as a world language largely because of inertia, and to hold more positive attitudes toward (American) English over time.


We investigate spatially offset Raman spectroscopy's varying sensitivity to subsurface bone features in different regions of human cadaver hands and in subjects with different body mass index values.


A laboratory steam-cracking reactor was designed, built and tested in order to compare yields under different operating conditions. A typical industrial gasoline was used as feedstock to test the reactor. The design of the reactor was found appropriate to crack hydrocarbon feedstocks and the olefin yields follow the expected trends.


As Hemingway's first full length novel,The Sun Also Rises is a truly gripping story,told in lean hard,athletic prose.Embedded in its deceptive simplicity there lies a complexity of style,theme and narrative method.Therefore,the work is worthy of decades' critical studies.With careful elaborations upon different interpretations generated by the western critics,the paper observes multi-dimensional approaches to the comprehension of the novel.


Police in Sudan rescued 94 people, including 85 minors in a major police operation. Most of the children were forced to work in illegal gold mines and beg in the streets.


A steady state one-dimensional energy budget equation was numerically integrated to predict water temperatures in a 5.45-km-long thermally loaded stream reach for 131 five- or six-hour periods. Downstream water temperature prediction errors (measured minus predicted) using Jobson's Lake Hefner evaporation equation averaged -2.11/sup 0/C and were well correlated (R/sup 2/ = 46 percent) with an index to atmospheric stability. Use of a modified form of Shulyakovskiy's evaporation equation, which includes a term for evaporation by free convection, significantly reduced the average prediction error to 0.89/sup 0/C and eliminated the effects of atmospheric stability (R/sup 2/ less than 1 percent). Correction of wind velocity data for the velocity of the air relative to the stream velocity also reduced prediction errors.


Liquid cesium (l-Cs) sound velocity at high densities was investigated along a 500-K isotherm using high-pressure picosecond acoustics measurements. At 2.0 GPa, the liquid sound velocity goes through a maximum versus pressure without any change on the reflectivity and interferometry acoustic signals. Upon further compression, a softening of the l-Cs viscoelastic properties is observed from 2.0 up to 4.0 GPa, pressure at which the reflectometric signal is abruptly reversed whereas the interferometric signal remains qualitatively the same. This anomalous behavior could be related to an electronic transformation within the l-Cs state, which here again could reflect what happens at lower temperature within the solid state. If so, such liquid-liquid transition may be driven by the progressive collapse of the $6s$ electronic orbital onto the $5d$ ones. Above 4.0 GPa, the l-Cs sound velocity starts again to increase as commonly expected upon compression.


This article investigates the role of voice in translated theatre, through an analysis of two rewritings / translations of William Shakespeare's The Tempest, the postcolonial rewriting by Aime Cesaire, Une Tempete, and Eduardo De Filippo's translation in Seventeenth century Neapolitan dialect, La Tempesta. The first part of the article is dedicated to the possibility of perceiving translation as performance and the translator as a performer, and to a discussion of the ambiguous concept of voice in the theatre context and of the proximity and mutual influence between rewriting and translation. The second part focuses more directly on the corpus, to analyze the role of voice and language in Shakespeare's original Tempest and then to follow the transformations of these voices, and of the characters using them, in Cesaire's and De Filippo's works. This will shed some light on the patterns of sense construction engendered by the translation and the performance of voice in drama.


Hands-on learning has proven to be very effective in motivating electrical engineering students to study foundation courses. The advent of student-owned, functionally robust, portable test and measurement equipment, now offers fertile ground for developing innovative pedagogy to more fully engage and inspire students. In this paper we discuss two examples of how student-owned test and measurement instrumentation is impacting the electrical engineering curriculum at RIT: in a Freshman Practicum course with a flipped lab and in a Certificate Program in Mechatronics to enable the required laboratory content to be delivered online.


Objective To investigate the magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)appearance of patients with viral encephalitis in order to facilitate its early diagnosis and judgement of prognosis.Methods 53 cases of viral encephalitis(30 male,23 female, mean age 31 years) were analyzed retrospectively,50 of which were examined with CT,46 MRI,3 postcontrast and 10 fluid attenuated inversion redocery (FLAIR).Results Of the 46 patients examined with MRI examination, multiple or single lesion located mainly in cortex, subcortex,cerebellum and so on was found in 16 cases,and the temporal lobe was mostly involved(8 cases,61.5%) because long T 1 and long T 2 signals on MRI were found there.Focuses were found more clearly with FLAIR technique. Characteristic appearance was found in herpes simplex encephalitis by MRI.Conclusion MRI was superior to CT because it could provide more important evidence for clinical diagnosis of viral encephalitis. FLAIR technique was helpful to early diagnosis of viral encephalitis because the leisions could be seen more clearly by it.


Purpose: Purpose of this paper is evaluation of susceptibility of high-strength structural steels to hydrogen delayed cracking. Design/methodology/approach: Susceptibility to hydrogen delayed cracking of high-strength alloy steels have been made under constant load in hydrogen generating environments. Test were carried out using round notched specimens subjected to axial tensile load being equivalence to 75-96% of maximum force obtained from a tensile tests in air. Two constructional middle carbon steel – grades 26H2MF and 34HNM were tested in used (worn out) mineral engine oil at temperature of 80°C. One low carbon weldable steel grade – 14HNMBCu was investigated in sea-water under cathodic polarization at room temperature. Presence or lack of cracking within 200 hours was chosen as a measure of susceptibility to hydrogen delayed cracking. Fracture modes of failed samples were examined with the use of scanning electron microscope. Findings: All tested steels reveal high resistance to hydrogen degradation under constant load. Hydrogen delayed cracking does not occur until the load level is as high as flow stress (yield strength). Research limitations/implications: Further research should be taken to reveal the exact mechanism of crack initiation. Practical implications: Tested steels could be safely utilized within elastic range of stress in hydrogen generating environments. Originality/value: Under the critical load and hydrogen concentration notched samples premature failed and hydrogen-enhanced localised plasticity (HELP) model is a viable degradation mechanism.


The adoption of advanced technology in agricultural production in developing countries such as Malaysia is vital, especially for the rice industry as a nation staple food source. Apart from ensuring the adequacy of the national food supply and sovereignty, consistent production of yields and returns can improve the living standards of existing rice entrepreneurs as well as attractive for new entrepreneurs especially young people to venture into. Appropriate agricultural applications that exploit the efficient use of technology and machinery are expected to be able to produce positive results in rice production in meeting various challenges such as weather uncertainty and continuity of the country's rice cultivation. Therefore, this study was conducted to assess the level of technological adoption in leveling and seed sowing, and technology for variable rate fertilization among rice entrepreneurs. The technologies are expected to contribute to the improvement in yield production for two major rice growing areas, MADA, KADA and PBLS to ensure food sovereignty of nations. The data have been attained through survey exercise in the selected granaries. A total of 400 respondents has been interviewed using a structured questionnaire in determining the perception and their acceptance towards precision farming technologies if available. The results show that farmers in MADA, KADA and PBLS are generally keen to adopt the precision farming technology developed by MARDI for leveling and seed sowing, and fertilisation activities. In addition, the cost comparison between the current practice and the new precision farming technology packages also been compared. Introduction Food production in South East Asian countries, particularly in Malaysia has become an issue and a major challenge in recent years. The extreme climate change phenomenon is a significant factor which is consistent with the substantial deterioration in paddy production. Changes in planting schedule and the use of plenty paddy varieties were among several endeavors to overcome this challenge, yet apparently less effective (DOA 2012; DOA 2015). Fluctuation in rice production is still happening with the increase of pest and disease attack due to climate uncertainty. There is a significant correlation between extreme climate change and the increase of pest and disease attack as reported by some local researchers coincide with research findings by the extensive


This article discusses the characteristics of job satisfaction representatives of modern technical intelligentsia. The comparative data of sociological research 60–70-ies. The twentieth century. and mass survey of modern technical intelligentsia on this issue.


Various comparisons and analysis are done to the research data of related references,which dissolve the inertinite acts as an important role in the pyrolysis of analogue coal.When the content of the inertinite is very low,the pyrolysis reactivity is lower;while the content is higher,the interaction of various macerals is intensified.It shows the inertinite has obvious promoted effect for pyrolysis of analogue coal.


The mechanism of transgranular stress corrosion cracking of pure copper was studied by observing fracture of tarnish films formedin 0.05M NH4OH solution at 70C by using acoustic emission technique. The onset of the fracture of tarnish films was detected from 1) the corrosion potential change and acoustic emission signals upon straining the specimen at 4.0x10-min-1 after 72 hr immersion, and 2) the current change and acoustic emission signals upon straining the specimen at the same strain rate after 23 hr polarization at -50mV(SCE). The time to emit the signals corresponds to the time at which the corrosion potential or the current starts to change. It is observed that specimen during stress corrosion test emits the acoustic emission signals at regular intervals. The interval estimated by the tarnish rupture theory, assuming that crack propagation occurs at regular intervals and utilizing the experimentally determined values of the fracture strain of tarnish films and the strain rate of specimen, was in good agreement with those observed. Scanning electron microscopy was employed to study fractography of stress corrosion fracture surface. The fracture surface was all covered with thick and black tarnish films as those on the surface of the specimen, and the deposits which coalesce to form a continuous and smooth tarnish film were observed at the leading edge of the propagating crack. The brittle tarnish rupture model is in good agreement with the above experimental evidence.


In this paper, we study the condition of quasiclassical integrability of soliton equations. This condition states that the Hamiltonian structure of equations, which govern propagation of high-frequency wave packets, is preserved by the dispersionless flow independently of initial conditions. If this condition is fulfilled, then the carrier wave number of any packet is a certain function of local values of the dispersionless variables pertained to the soliton equations under consideration. We show for several examples that this function together with the dispersion relation for linear harmonic waves determine the quasiclassical limit of the Lax pair functions in the scalar representation of the Ablowitz-Kaup-Newell-Segur scheme.


Summary The effect of thidiazuron (TDZ) on the shoot production capacity of preconditioned explants of Castanea sativa Mill. was evaluated. Embryonic axes of chestnut were aseptically germinated for 14.d in Murashige and Skoog (1962) basal medium supplemented with 0.1.mg l±1 TDZ or 1.mg l±1 benzyladenine (BA) (preconditioning medium), and hypocotyl, epicotyl and cotyledonary node explants were then cultured on shoot-induction medium (basal medium containing 0.01.mg l±1 naphthaleneacetic acid in combination with different TDZ concentrations). After four weeks of culture the explants were transferred for a further eight weeks to media with low BA concentrations and no TDZ. Shoots were produced only by cotyledonary node explants which contain preformed meristematic tissue. Best shoot production, in terms of the proportion of explants producing shoots and shoot productivity per explant, was achieved by BA-preconditioned explants exposed to 1±2.mg l±1 TDZ. Fewer TDZ-preconditioned explants produced shoots, and more produced only callus. An histological study showed preconditioned explants to have an altered meristematic axillary region, with meristematic cell proliferation giving rise to expanded, flattened apical meristems and reduced leaf primordium differentiation. Upon shoot-induction treatment the proliferating meristems orginated multiple shoot buds without an intervening callus phase. Shoot elongation was achieved by culturing the original explants in Gresshoff and Doy (1972) medium supplemented with 0.05.mg l±1 BA. Shoots longer than 10.mm were subcultured separately to initiate clonal shoot cultures that were proliferated following the outgrowth of axillary shoots. Rooting frequencies greater than 75% were achieved by 16 of the 21 clones evaluated. Rooting capacity was not influenced by either the preconditioning medium or the shoot induction medium, but considerable variation was observed between clones (genotypes).


The Politics of Technology in Africa: Communication, Development, and NationBuilding in Ethiopia engages with the complex and ever-evolving ICT landscape in contemporary Ethiopia by exploring the relationship among diverse political, technical, and social actors. Iginio Gagliardone offers an in-depth and insightful analysis of the politics of ICT adoption and adaption, drawing on more than a decade of research in Ethiopia to explore how the same technologies take on different meanings in different national contexts. This technopolitical perspective avoids technodeterministic approaches to ICTs while also engaging with the constraints of national contexts. This book and the approach it advocates would be useful and informative for scholars and practitioners from a variety of disciplines, including political science, history of technology, development studies, media and communication, and African studies, to name a few. Through weaving macroand meso-level analysis and his emphasis on two large-scale projects, Schoolnet and Woredanet, Gagliardone reveals the complexities and contradictions inherent in national ICT for development projects. Focusing primarily on two national technology initiatives, Gagliardone presents a compelling picture of how politics (discourse and policy) interacts with technology, nationalism, and development to create a technopolitical regime that is uniquely Ethiopian, but also provides a framework for analyzing ICT policy, practice, discourse, and implementation in other national contexts. A technopolitical regime is "both the medium and the outcome of a negotiation between a speciac technology, a cultural and political context, and the actors that animate it and compete for power" (Gagliardone, 2017, p. 13). Gagliardone uses the concept of technopolitics to explore the interactions among national governments, other political and economic actors (e.g., nongovernmental organizations, corporations, journalists), and technological artefacts (e.g., satellites, Internet, plasma TVs, e-mail) that inouence technology adoption and adaptation. The author argues that to understand the adoption and adaptation of ICT on the national level, it is imperative that we engage with political discourse and political policy, which do not always align, and technology and that we do not view technology as apolitical, but rather as imbued with politics and power. Building on the work of Gabriel Hecht, who arst introduced the term technopolitical regime to explain the relationship between nuclear power development and national identity in France, Gagliardone shows how conoict and politics in Ethiopia shaped the development of Schoolnet, a national ICT project designed to distribute the same lesson plans to schools across the state, and Woredanet, a national project intended to create a direct line of communication between the center (the capital, Addis Ababa) and the peripheries (mostly rural Ethiopia). Throughout the book, Gagliardone provides a compelling rationale for this technopolitical approach to


A novel inorganic silico vanadate (SiV) was synthesized via a sol–gel technique. The granulometry, morphology, and structure of the prepared exchanger were studied using different analytical tools such as X-ray fluorescence, Fourier-transform infrared, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis–differential thermal analysis. The structure of SiV exchanger may be composed as (H2V2O8)(HSiO2)2·1.5H2O. Batch tests were done to examine the sorption behavior of SiV towards Eu(III) and Tb(III) considering the influence of independent parameters including pH of the solution, contact time, sorbent weight, and initial metal ions concentration. The sorption efficiency values of 95.40% and 88.70% were respectively obtained for Eu(III) and Tb(III) at optimum conditions (pH = 5.5, C0 = 50 mg/L, weight = 0.03 g, and time = 200 min). The equilibrium data fitted well to the non-linear Freundlich and Langmuir isotherm models and the maximum adsorption capacity (qm) of SiV for Eu(III) and Tb(III) get from the non-linear Langmuir model was 44.23 and 34.39 mg/g, respectively. Kinetic studies showed that the sorption of Eu(III) and Tb(III) followed both pseudo-second-order and intraparticle diffusion models. The thermodynamic studies showed an endothermic and spontaneous sorption process. The sorbent material can also be reactivated by utilizing the solution of 0.4 mol/L HNO3 and re-used again effectively.


tion is merely a choice whether the government shall take income with a promise to repay those who furnish it or take income without such promise. The actual arms, munitions and other equipment and supplies for use in war, except to the small extent that they have been stored up in the past, must be produced now, during the war itself, not after the war, and moreover must be produced by our own people. The policy of borrowing within the country itself does not shift any part of the nation's burden of war expenditures from the present to the future. All it does is to make


The addition of formylphenylboronic acid derivatives to thiourea and ethyl acetoacetate proceeds in the presence of an additional Lewis acid catalyst to give the corresponding 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-(thio)ones (Biginelli products) in moderate yield. Compounds were tested for antifungal activity against pure cultures of Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus, Candida albicans and Saccharomyces cerevisiae but, unfortunately, none showed any appreciable activity.


With a high resolution visible light spectrometer the Hα emission at the RTP tokamak has been studied. Monitoring the Hα line (6562.8 Å) with a toroidal line of sight into the plasma shows spectra with intricate Hα line structures. These line profiles can be explained by the occurrence of three different velocity groups of excited hydrogen with relative line shifts of the order of 2 Å. The origin of these three groups results from collisional processes with species of hydrogen, namely neutral hydrogen, H+ and also H2+ molecules.


SEED QUALITY AND STORAGE PERFORMANCE IN MUNGBEAN AND PEANUT i Five seedlots of mungbean and three seedlots of peanut were assessed for seed quality using six standard laboratory tests ie. purity analysis, seed moisture content, germination, seed health, and two vigour tests (accelerated ageing, and conductivity (electrolyte leakage)). These testing methods were valuable as the results allowed distinction of quality differences between seedlots which were used to explain the possible cause or causes of poor quality in each seedlot, eg. high seed moisture content, low viability or vigour, mechanical damage, or fungal infection. The three highest quality seedlots of mungbean (lot 1 cv. Chinese, lot 2 cv. Berken, and lot 3 cv. Regur) and one seedlot of peanut (cv. Spanish White) were identified (germinations 88, 94, 94 and 72 percent before, and 55, 51, 66 and 67 percent after accelerated ageing), and selected to use in a subsequent seed storage experiment. Seeds were stored under different conditions involving two seed moisture contents (8.6% and 13.4% for mungbean, and 6.6% and 11.5% for peanut), two storage containers (in aluminium foil packets representing sealed storage, and muslin cloth bags representing open storage) and various temperature/ relative humidity regimes (30°C/95%RH and 20 °C/75%RH for mungbean, and 30°C/50%RH, 20°C/75%RH, 5°C/85%RH , and 30 °C/95%RH (open storage only) for peanut). Effect of initial seed moisture content or relative humidity, packaging and temperature on seed moisture content, germination percentage, conductivity leachate and seed health of each lot was studied at two monthly intervals during an up to eight months storage period. In all cases, deteriorative changes were higher in open storage at high relative humidity (95%) at 30°C than at lower level relative humidity and temperature regimes. At 30°C/95%RH, seed moisture content of both mungbean and peanut seed open stored initially at low and high moisture content increased markedly to equilibrium with the


Comparative test and research were made to the microstructure and fatigue performance of the surface hardened layer of driving axle half shaft subjected to non-quenched and tempered medium carbon and 42CrMoH steel driving axle half shaft which is subjected to pre-quenching treatment.Test results show that pre-quenching treatment has adverse impact to structure refinement,grain boundary pinning and nucleation process,and deteriorate fatigue performance.Static torsion strength and fatigue strength of non-quenched steel driving axle half shaft are much better than that of pre-quenched driving axle half shaft,its fatigue life is improved by more than one time.The results indicates that elimination of quenching treatment can save energy consumption and reduce production cost.


High sample rate recursive filtering can be achieved by transforming the original filters to higher-order filters using the scattered look-ahead computation technique (which relies upon pole-zero cancellation). Finite word-length implementation of these filters leads to inexact pole-zero cancellation. This necessitates a thorough study of finite word effects in these filters. Theoretical results on roundoff and coefficient quantization errors in these filters are presented. It is shown that to maintain the same error at the filter output, the word length needs to be at most increased by log/sub 2/ log/sub 2/ 2M bit for a scattered look-ahead decomposed filter (where as M is the level of loop pipelining). This worst case corresponds to the case when all poles are close to zero. For M between two and eight, the word length needs to be increased only by 1 or 2 bit. Contrary to common beliefs, it is concluded that pole-zero canceling scattered look-ahead pipelined recursive filters have good finite word error properties. >


In this section we shall attempt to see how the Issaquena phase fits into the
 larger context of eastern North American prehistory. We will begin in the west,
 then proceed eastward along the Gulf coast to Florida. Evidence of relationships
 with the Tennessee Valley will then be discussed, followed by a consideration of
 the Ohio Valley relationships, and those of the eastern Great Lakes areas. Then
 the Illinois Valley materials will be cited, followed by the related finds in
 Wisconsin, the Missouri Valley, and Oklahoma.


ABSTRACT Objective: to evaluate the patient safety culture dimensions from the nurses' point of view in a cardiopneumology reference hospital in the city of São Paulo (Brazil). Method: a quantitative, descriptive-exploratory study. Nurses from Inpatient Units and intensive care units participated in this study, which responded to the Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture instrument, validated for Brazil. Data was collected from July to September 2017. For data analysis, descriptive and inferential statistics were used; percentages greater than or equal to 75% of positive responses represent satisfactory results regarding to the patient safety culture. Results: of 102 nurses, 52 (51%) worked in inpatient units and 50 (49%) in intensive care units, 90.2% being nursing assistants. Females predominated (85.3%) and the mean age was 37.5 years old. As for the safety culture, the best rated dimension was "Organizational Learning - Continuous Improvement" (59.4%) and the worst, "Nonpunitive Response to Errors" (24.1%). The best evaluations were from inpatient unit's nurses, regarding items of positive answers at the hospital level (p=0.01), and negative answers at the level of the professional's unit of work (p=0.04). Conclusion: these findings make it possible to draw up intervention plans to strengthen and solidify components that encompass safety culture in the institution on this research scenario.


Substandard ships pose a significant threat to human life and the environment. Therefore, detecting deficiencies and removing such vessels from service is necessary, which is one of the port state control (PSC) inspection tasks. In addition, the role of PSC inspection is to improve safety at sea and in ports. To be up to the task, the States jointly created several memoranda to fight against substandard ships. The most frequent deficiencies detected on ships during Paris Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) PSC inspections are analyzed in this paper. The analysis was made according to factors such as type of vessel, flag and the category to which deficiency belongs. Results revealed that most frequent deficiencies detected on ships, regardless of type or flag, come from International Safety Management (ISM) and fire protection. Furthermore, it is found that among the ten most frequent deficiencies, three are from the navigation safety category. Therefore, corrective actions to improve safety at sea are needed and presented.


Clinical investigations and morphological analyses of the renal tissue in AIDS patients revealed a variety of clinical and pathologic features that could be diagnosed at the time of biopsy.The aim of this study is to check light microscopic, immunomorphological and electron microscopic changes in the kidneys of AIDS patients and to establish their specificity as well as their significance in diagnostics. By light, electron and immunofluorescence microscopy we have observed, the kidney tissue from 9 patients suffering from aids.The results of this study were compared with the results obtained from the morphological investigation of the renal tissue from aids patients performed several years ago in Mount Sinai School of Medicine in New York, USA. While in the previous investigation of 32 kidney biopsies, taken from aids patients performed in the USA the changes were found both on glomeruli and tubules, in our recent study 5 of 9 patients had focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, 2 had minimal change disease and all of them had tubulointerstitial changes. Changes in the kidneys, seen by light microscopy, except cystic dilatation of tubules, are not specific for AIDS; immunomorphological finding is not specific and has no significance in diagnostics; electron microscopic changes are, according to our findings as well as reported by most scientists who investigated renal changes in aids patients, of great importance for diagnostics, especially in early stages when clinical features of the kidney disease are not yet developed.


A procedure for reliability analysis of a two layer ceramic and composite aeronautical armor is presented, where the reliability is assessed for various projectile and armor performance criteria. The armor is designed to comply with several constraints and uncertainties in the design parameters, such as projectile mass and velocity, and armor material and geometry. Numerical results were obtained to evaluate the reliability of an optimal armor, using a stochastic optimization procedure and a partial least squares approach to consider the correlation of the random design variables. The reliability analysis considers three performance criteria: residual projectile velocity, maximum armor displacement, and number of remaining layers of the armor. Analytical models for these performance criteria were fitted to finiteelement simulation data, adjusted as meta-models using regression and design of experiments techniques. The performance criteria were obtained both for the average and optimal values of the design variables. The optimal armor presented a slightly improved reliability, for all performance criteria. Monte Carlo simulations were used to assess the armor reliability, considering the performance criteria separately, and also the system reliability. The system reliability results were slightly worse than the expected results considering independent performance criteria, showing some correlation between


This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License unported 3.0, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided that original work is properly cited. Abstract With support from the scholarly literature, the author of this paper argues that to succeed in virtual collaborative teams (VCTs) individuals need to have relationship building skills, which include the ability to establish trust, familiarity, a positive environment/context, and embracing diversity, as well as communication skills, which include the use of simple language, ambiguity, and knowledge sharing. The author of this paper further argues that individuals need collaboration skills, which include autonomy/delegation, motivation, adaptability, and innovation, as well as technological skills, which include the use of web collaboration technologies, and virtual worlds/avatars to engage in successful collaboration in virtual environments. In addition, this paper also argues that despite the many advantages of VCTs, many disadvantages to their use still exist.


Describes anti‐money laundering statutes within the US federal criminal code. Introduces the USA's Bank Secrecy Act (BSA), a record‐keeping and reporting statute that also requires financial institutions to implement comprehensive anti‐money laundering programmes; its enforcement authority is generally exercised through the Financial Crime Enforcement Network (FinCEN). Outlines the bank regulatory authority, administrative sanctions, civil money penalties, and the "death penalty", which is termination of a national bank's franchise. Discusses recent enforcement actions by FinCEN, the Department of Justice, and Federal banking agencies. Concludes that the apparent trend towards more substantial fines and other sanctions for BSA violations will probably accelerate for various reasons.


The science of event attribution has developed considerably in recent years. There is now a growing interest in making this science operational. This perspective considers the challenges involved in doing this and suggests some priorities for further developments. It concludes that there is a requirement to deepen understanding of user needs for operational attribution, that further research will be needed to enable attribution of a wider variety of extreme events and their impacts, that there will have to be a greater underpinning of operational capability for such activities to be achievable, and that improved strategies for communicating results are needed for successful uptake by users.


Introduction: The idiopathic atrophodermia of Pasini and Pierini is a rare dermatosis described for the first time by Pasini in 1923 and Pierini in 1936. Its etiopathogenesis remains controversial. We report a new case. Case report: A 32-year-old woman with no history of any particular medical condition who consults for non-pruritic brownish and atrophic skin lesions without associated inflammation and sclerosis of the trunk and limbs. Histological examination of a cutaneous fragment confirmed the diagnosis of atrophoderma by Pasini and Pierini. The patient was on topical corticosteroids combined with hydroxychloroquine 400 mg daily. The evolution was marked by a stabilization of lesions with a decline of one year. Conclusion: this is a rare entity, easy diagnosis and variable therapeutic options that remain disappointing, however, because of the absence of involution of the lesions.


The Future City Pilot Phase 1 (FCP1) is an OGC Interoperability Program initiative in collaboration with buildingSMART International (bSI). The pilot aimed at demonstrating and enhancing the ability of spatial data infrastructures to support quality of life, civic initiatives, and urban resilience. During the pilot, multiple scenarios were set up based on real-world requirements and were put forward by the pilot sponsors: Sant Cugat del Valles (Barcelona, Spain), Ordnance Survey Great Britain (UK), virtualcitySYSTEMS GmbH (Germany), and Institut National de l'Information Geographique et Forestiere - IGN (France). The scenarios were focused on (i) the interoperability between the two international standards: Industry Foundation Classes (IFC) and CityGML; (ii) city flood modeling; and (iii) supporting real-time sensor readings and other time-dependent properties within semantic 3D city models. The solutions for the respective scenarios were developed by the pilot participants: University of Melbourne (Australia), Remote Sensing Solutions, Inc. (U.S.A), and Technical University of Munich (Germany). This Engineering Report (ER) focuses on the third scenario requiring the support of real-time sensors and other time-dependent properties within semantic 3D city models based on the CityGML standard. It highlights a new concept 'Dynamizer', which allows representation of highly dynamic data in different and generic ways and providing a method for injecting dynamic variations of city object properties into the static representations. It also establishes explicit links between sensor/observation data and the respective properties of city model objects that are measured by them. The Dynamizer concept has been implemented as an Application Domain Extension (ADE) of the CityGML standard. This implementation allows to use new dynamizer features with the current version of the CityGML standard (CityGML 2.0). The advantage with this approach is that it allows for selected properties of city models to become dynamic without changing the original CityGML data model. If an application does not support dynamic data, it simply does not allow/include these special types of features. The details and results of the pilot are mentioned in the following YouTube video: https://youtu.be/aSQFIPwf2oM


From the photooxidation of raw material furfural 1,5-hydroxy-2(5H)-furanone was prepared easi- ly.Chiral synthon 5(R)-(1R,2S,5R)-menthoxy-2(5H)-furanone 1 was obtained by the acetalization of 5- hydroxy-2(5H)-furanone with menthol.Then the title compound,4(R)-N-n-octadecylamino-5(R)-(1R, 2S,5R)-menthoxy-2(3,3-dihyro)-furanone 2 was synthesized via the asymmetric Micheal addition reaction of 1 and n-octadecylamine under mild condition,and its structure was characterized by elemental analysis and spectroscopic data,such as IR,1H NMR,13C NMR and MS.


Abstract : The visco-plastic equations governing the axisymmetric impact situation are reformulated in a form appropriate to the particle-in-cell method of calculation. A step-by-step description of the computational procedure is presented which allows for such contingencies as free boundaries, interior empty cells and the axis of symmetry.A programmer may work directly from this report. (Author)


Under the influence of financial crisis,oil price falls sharply and economic benefit plummets,which seriously threats survival and development of oilfield.The author holds that leaders of relevant departments should ponder deeply over how to cut the cost the same time strive to survive and thrive in spite of adversities.


Thomas Reid is a very important philosopher who has been forgotten by the history of philosophy,and thus the rediscovery of his epistemology is an important event in contemporary epistemology. Reid's theory of knowledge includes several dimensions: Firstly,it is a foundationalism,which bases knowledge on common sense principles;secondly,it is a kind of naturalism,actively introducing psychological methods,especially emphasizing on inquiry on human mind and intellectual power which functions as a rationale of our knowledge; finally,it contains a transcendental argument,which provides the ultimate defense for basic knowledge or common sense principles. Reid's theory of knowledge is an important source for human thoughts and theoretical reference for contemporary epistemology.


Oxidation, bearing and engine tests demonstrate that Shell Rimula R4 X exceeds the minimum performance requirements for engines running on high biocontent biodiesel fuels.


includes chapters 4, 5, and 6—analyzes the type of dominant parties, their structures, ideologies, and behaviors and demonstrates the causal linkage between types of dominant parties and the quality of democracy that emerges. Using a variety of qualitative and descriptive data (particularly the use of substantial material derived from interviews from African National Congress (ANC) and United Malays National Organization (UMNO) elites), the book addresses the relationship between the type of dominant party and the quality of the democratic outcome. The book investigates two cases: Malaysia and South Africa. These cases were selected because they possess two basic features. First, both countries are highly multicultural. Second, both countries are democratic, but of different quality. Malaysia has a lower quality of democracy, resembling an ethnic democracy, where one group dominates (the Malay) over the others, and there is the structural subordination of other groups (Hindi and Chinese)— although these groups are afforded important rights. South Africa, on the other hand, is more democratic—in as much as he categorizes it as a "multicultural democracy" where there is a recognition of collective ethnic rights but has elements of individualism as well. The state acknowledges cultural diversity without being biased toward any particular group (unlike in Malaysia). Why did these differences emerge? The author argues that there were two primary reasons, both related to the characteristics of the dominant parties, the ANC and UMNO. First, the identities (or "self-understandings") of the dominant parties were different. The nonracial characteristic of the ANC pushed the South African Constitution in the direction of emphasizing individual rights rather than group rights. On the other hand, the UMNO was founded as an ethnic Malay party, and thus from the very beginning the country was thought of as primarily a Malay polity. A second reason had to deal with the level of internal democracy within each party. Internal democracy in the ANC helped "socialize" ANC members to respect democracy and support of individual rights. On the other hand, the UMNO was more internally authoritarian, with executive supremacy in the party and a historic emphasis on patronage, which resulted in the devaluation of democracy among its members. In short, internal democracy within the ANC acted as a school to promote political participation, tolerance, and democratic ideals within a multicultural context, whereas in the UMNO such values were promoted far less. In general, this book is a welcome addition to the existing body of work on the effects political parties have on the building of democracy, particularly in multicultural contexts. Building on earlier work in the 1960s that emphasized both the democracy-building and integrative potential of political parties, and connecting this to work on dominant parties in many developed countries, the author of this book has empirically demonstrated that the kind of dominant party that is built is critical for promoting democracy in multicultural countries. Parties built on principles of multicultural tolerance and individual rights are better able to promote the integrative role that helps build the modern state, and ultimately are better at promoting democracy, than dominant parties that are really ethnic parties. As with any book, this work can also be criticized. In particular, in terms of style the book really is still organized much like a dissertation. As such, it is in some ways a tedious read, and not easily adaptable for course adoption. Second, although I am fairly convinced about the argument that the ANC represents a different model of dominant party that is better able to promote political integration and democracy than the UMNO, I am not convinced of the staying power of that effort. Recent developments in South Africa can easily make one a bit uneasy about the ethnic and racial policies of the current Zuma administration, and the increasing authoritarianism within the ANC. Nonetheless, this book makes a powerful point and is a welcome addition to the existing literature.


Abstract A new mild and very efficient procedure for preparation of acid derivatives via N-acyl-5-phenyltetrazole is reported. The yields are high at −10°C and purification is simple but, because of the thermal instability of the intermediate, a certain amount of corresponding oxadiazole arises if the reaction is carried out at higher temperature.


This article is an English translation of an essay originally published in the journal Zeitschrift für dialektische Theologie in 1989. In it, Friedrich-Wilhelm Marquardt revisits Karl Barth's proposal in § 23 of Church Dogmatics that 'biblical attitude' is the first among several norms for Christian dogmatics. The article compares Barth's emphasis on the 'biblical formfulness' of theology with the program of the Dutch Reformed theologian K.H. Miskotte, which seeks to educate Christians in the 'iconic language' of Scripture. It argues that Miskotte is concerned with hermeneutics in such a way that "Rudolf Bultmann's name belongs—maybe before Barth's—in proximity to Miskotte's." In contrast to Bultmann, however, Miskotte aims at teaching a language and generating speech rather than catalyzing self-understanding.


Effects of plating conditions on Co ferrite-plated films for perpendicular magnetic recording media were investigated to increase coercivity H/sub c/spl perp// and remanence ratio (M/sub r//M/sub s/)/sub /spl perp// in the plane perpendicular to the film. By optimizing a concentration of NaNO/sub 2/ in an oxidizing solution and the deposition rate, Co-Ni ferrite films with H/sub c/spl perp// of 3200 Oe and (M/sub r//M/sub s/)/sub /spl perp// of 0.6 were obtained without any heat-treatment. Disk media with higher H/sub c/spl perp// and (M/sub r//M/sub s/)/sub /spl perp//, exhibited reproduced waveforms of di-pluses shape and better frequency responses than that with lower /sub c/spl perp// and (M/sub r//M/sub s/)/sub /spl perp//. Media noise did not increase with increasing frequency, suggesting that the transition noise was low.


Class II malocclusions in growing patients is commonly encountered and respond well to functional appliances, provided the clinical and cephalometric findings are favourable. In case of class II hypodivergent malocclusion, the hypodivergent pattern is established early and become prominent with progression of time. These patients have significantly smaller mandibular plane angles and smaller gonial angles. This case report describes the treatment planning of a patient of age 14 years with class II malocclusion showing hypodivergent growth pattern and moderate crowding. Treatment was started with twin block functional appliance and non-extraction approach was planned. As the patient was in his peak growth spurt stage, the functional appliance therapy use at this stage was started to take advantage of that. Fixed orthodontic appliances were placed after completion of functional appliance therapy. The treatment resulted in achievement of class I molar relation bilaterally, normal overjet and overbite and favourable soft tissue profile, facial balance and harmony.


To establish a quantitative method to determine the content of gallic acid in Ershiwuwei Datang powder.The content of gallic acid in Ershiwuwei Datang powder was determined by HPLC.The separation was performed on Kromasil C18 column with a mobile phase of methanol-water(5:95) and detected at wavelength of 274 nm.The linearity of the method was good at range of 0.020 6~0.247 2 μg and the average recovery of gallic acid was 98.8%,RSD was 1.1%.The method is convenient,accurate,and can be used for the determination of gallic acid in Ershiwuwei Datang powder.


Sustainable and renewable energy sources are mainly represented by wind, sun, wave and heat energies. In recent years, sustainable energy becomes very important however applications of the sources are different for every country. For instant, for Turkey such a earthquake prone country, earthquake resistance is one of the critical concern for the long term sustainable production. Wind tribunes are working as one of the important sustainable energy source. Since energy potential is increasing with the height, wind tribunes are located on top of the steel towers. In the current research work, considering wind energy, wind tribune steel tower is modeled in 3-D modeling. Loading is applied in axial and diagonal positions. Considering axial and diagonal positions, profile sections are determined. Then, nonlinear structural behavior of steel tower is conducted with nonlinear pushover analysis and nonlinear time history analysis. Through the nonlinear analyses, earthquake behavior of wind tribune steel towers is evaluated.


V. Dosuzkova and Th. Dosuzkov (Revue V. neurologii i psychiatrii, 1928, no. 4). In contrast to Babinsky, Leshchenko and Nemlicher (Proceedings of the Ukrainian psychoneur. Inst., 1927, III), the authors do not consider this reflex part of the fan sign, just as they do not find definite connections of this reflex with the setting and defense reflexes. Poussin occurs with the simultaneous defeat of the pyramidal and extrapyramidal motor pathways and disinhibition of the reflex arc of this reflex.


The invention discloses a slump-retaining water-reducing polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent and a low-temperature quick preparation method thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: mixing 100 parts of unsaturated polyethenoxy ether, 1-10 parts of unsaturated carboxylic acid, 0.05-2 parts of oxidizer and 40-90 parts of water, regulating the reaction temperature to 15-60 DEG C, and dissolving by stirring; simultaneously dropwisely adding a solution B containing a reducer sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate and a solution C containing a chain-transfer agent, and after 5-30 minutes, starting dropwisely adding a solution A containing unsaturated carboxylic acid, wherein the dropwise addition of the three solutions is finished within 1-3 hours, and the finishing time of the solution B and solution C is 10-30 minutes later than that of the solution A; and keeping the temperature to react for 30-60 minutes, adding 1-10 parts of sodium hydroxide into the reaction solution to obtain the slump-retaining water-reducing polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent. By controlling the dropwise addition time and sequence of the materials and carrying out high-efficiency polymerization reaction by using the novel mixed reducer, the reactant conversion rate is higher. Compared with the existing water reducing agent, the water reducing agent disclosed by the invention has the advantages of higher slump retaining property, higher water reducing rate, higher workability and wider adaptability.


Abstract The triplet lifetime has been used as a monitor to follow the zone refining process. The triplet lifetime at room temperature has been found to be a sensitive parameter for the purity of naphthalene, phenanthrene and p-terphenyl crystals, the impurity concentration of which is below the limit of the detectability by ordinary analytical methods. The purity dependence of the singlet lifetime has also been compared with that of triplet one.


In this paper, a novel approach for automatic road accident detection is proposed. The approach is based on detecting damaged vehicles from footage received from surveillance cameras installed in roads and highways which would indicate the occurrence of a road accident. Detection of damaged cars falls under the category of object detection in the field of machine vision and has not been achieved so far. In this paper, a new supervised learning method comprising of three different stages which are combined into a single framework in a serial manner which successfully detects damaged cars from static images is proposed. The three stages use five support vector machines trained with Histogram of gradients (HOG) and Gray level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM) features. Since damaged car detection has not been attempted, two datasets of damaged cars - Damaged Cars Dataset-1 (DCD-1) and Damaged Cars Dataset-2 (DCD-2) – was compiled for public release. Experiments were conducted on DCD-1 and DCD-2 which differ based on the distance at which the image is captured and the quality of the images. The accuracy of the system is 81.83% for DCD-1 captured at approximately 2 meters with good quality and 64.37% for DCD-2 captured at approximately 20 meters with poor quality.


Chemical oxidation methods have been recently applied for degrading toxic or hardly degradable pollutants in sewage. Among the frequently used oxidants, hydrogen peroxide is environmentally friendly. To increase the efficiency of oxidation, the reactions are activated with ions (Fe), UV radiation or ozone. The mixture of hydrogen peroxide and iron(II) makes the so-called Fenton's reagent have a strong oxidizing quality. The results of laboratory experiments on hydrocarbons removal from contaminated water are presented in the paper. The efficiency of chemical oxidation with the use of hydrogen oxide and Fenton reactions for removing BTEX hydrocarbons (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylene) from contaminated water was compared.


Principal component analysis (PCA) is a widely employed statistical tool used primarily for dimensionality reduction. However, it is known to be adversely affected by the presence of outlying observations in the sample, which is quite common. Robust PCA methods using M-estimators have theoretical benefits, but their robustness drop substantially for high dimensional data. On the other end of the spectrum, robust PCA algorithms solving principal component pursuit or similar optimization problems have high breakdown, but lack theoretical richness and demand high computational power compared to the M-estimators. We introduce a novel robust PCA estimator based on the minimum density power divergence estimator. This combines the theoretical strength of the M-estimators and the minimum divergence estimators with a high breakdown guarantee regardless of data dimension. We present a computationally efficient algorithm for this estimate. Our theoretical findings are supported by extensive simulations and comparisons with existing robust PCA methods. We also showcase the proposed algorithm's applicability on two benchmark datasets and a credit card transactions dataset for fraud detection.


The electrocardiographic consequences of subendocardial infarction will find their most evident and characteristic expression in the acute has of a large lesion. Five cases of this kind are presented here and the associated electrocardiographic changes are described. At what level in the myocardium between the endocardium and epicardium do the electrocardiographic expressions of subendocardial infarction give way to those of transmural infarction Data in 6 cases of large nontransmural infarction are presented for comparison with findings in the 5 cases of subendocardial infarction.


An octahedral cobalt(III) complex, trans-[(Me2bpb)Co(bzlan)2]ClO4 (1), with H2Me2bpb = N,N'-(4,5-dimethyl-1,2-phenylene)dipicolinamide and bzlan = benzylamine, has been synthesized and characterized by elemental analyses, IR, UV-Vis, and 1H NMR spectroscopy. The structure of this complex has been determined by X-ray crystallography. The Me2bpb2– is a di-anionic tetradentate ligand furnishing a N4 set, such that two N atoms of the two pyridine rings and two amido N atoms occupy four equatorial positions. The two benzylamine ligands occupy the two axial positions leading to a distorted octahedral geometry around the central cobalt ion. The electrochemical behavior of this complex in acetonitrile solution indicates that the irreversible oxidation of 4,5-dimethylorthophenylene moiety and reduction of pyridine rings of the free ligand appear as reversible waves in the cyclic voltammogram of its cobalt(III) complex. Concomitant CoIII/CoII redox process and solvolysis in acetonitrile solution is observed. This irreversible redox process becomes reversible in the presence of excess benzylamine.


Application of Islamic Shari'a in Aceh introduced flogging as punishment for the perpetrators of violations of Islamic law, gambling, seclusion, and alcohol. Rejection comes from some quarters that assesses punishment cruel and inhumane, and because it violates human rights. Proponents argue that caning is a part of God's law and therefore does not violate human rights. This article contains the philosophical and judicial caning in Aceh, the public perception and its relation to human rights. The result, on the one hand, the attitude of counter flogging occurred because the wrong perception of the Islamic Shari'a. Here another, caning is not of rigid and highly conditional. He is only one alternative punishment that is now considered the most able to achieve the purpose of punishment in Islam.


Porosity material is prepared by ways of compressive molding and using nonplastic adhesive polystyrene composite.Cavum resonate microstructure is observed adopt to steam curing.The effects of dosages of cement,fibre and re-dispersible latex on dry density,compressive and flexure strengths are investigated with 0.75 compressive ratios.Sound absorbability is parallel analyzed after nature and steam curing.Results show the range of dry density is from 0.33 to 0.65 g/cm3 when dosage of adhesive polystyrene is 1528 cm3,dosage of cement is from 300 to 600 g during this experiment.Fiber and latex advances flexure strength evidently.Advisable dosage of cement is favorable to sound absorbability.Steam curing is able to increase sound absorption coefficients of the porosity material with higher sound absorbability at most frequencies,and affects the sample with lower sound absorbability little.


This work reports forming-free (FF) resistive switching (RS) with high endurance and retention for ZnO based thin films fabricated by dual ion beam sputtering (DIBS). Undoped and Ga-doped ZnO thin films have been used to compare the effect of doping upon RS behavior.


Objective: CA-1 is an extract from a herb , cyanotis arachnoidea. The study aims to identify the toxicity effects of CA-1 on target organs and the safety margins of CA-1. Methods: CA-1 1.0, 3.0, 6.0g/kg body weight were given orally for 90 days, and after 30 days of ceasing treatment, subchronic studies were conducted in Beagle dogs of both genders. Results: There was no toxic reaction, and body weight, blood parameters, electrocardiogram, organ weight ratio and histopathological findings were similar in control and treated groups. Conclusion: The subchronic studies support a wide safety margin of CA-1.The preclinical toxicogical evaluation of CA-1 is a useful reference for novel drug development of CA-1.


A novel three terminal nano-rectifier which utilizes dissipated thermal energy to produce electrical signals is designed and analyzed. The device is simulated using different models including standard mobility model, negative differential mobility model and energy balance model. The electrical (DC and RF) performances of the rectifier have been obtained at room temperature in push-fixed configuration at the input terminals. Due to the planar architecture, device exhibits less parasitic capacitance enabling very high speed operation. The results demonstrate velocity saturation effect at nanoscale affecting the device performances.


Objective
To describe the results using split tendon superior oblique elongation with horizontal rectus muscle surgery for A-pattern strabismus.

Methods
Seven patients with A-pattern strabismus who underwent superior oblique split tendon elongation procedure were retrospectively reviewed. The deviation angle was measured in the primary position, and 25° up-gaze and 25° down-gaze positions pre- and postoperatively. The objective torsion was recorded with fundus photography before and after surgery. Superior oblique over-action (SOOA) was graded from +1 to +4. All patients underwent bilateral superior oblique split tendon lengthening with horizontal rectus muscle surgery. A Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed rank test was used to analyze the data. The follow-up time was from 4 to 10 months.

Results
Postoperatively, 7 patients showed good alignment in the primary position with a deviation angle less than 10 PD. All A-patterns collapsed into less than 10PD. SOOA improved from +2.71 to +0.71. Fundus photography showed 5.17° less intorsion postoperatively. No patient complained of torsional diplopia after surgery. No new vertical deviation was observed in any of the 7 patients after surgery.

Conclusion
Superior oblique split tendon elongation effectively improves A-pattern and SOOA. Superior oblique split tendon lengthening is a safe and effective superior oblique weakening procedure.

Key words:
Superior oblique split tendon elongation; A-pattern strabismus; Superior oblique over-action


In this paper, we describe the QuikSCAT mission, outline the key design features of the SeaWinds scatterometer, and mention some of the current and emerging science applications.


Transmission tomography is a powerful tool in several fields of investigation, ranging from medicine to industrial quality control. It is based on the radiation that doesn't interact with the sample and that reaches the detector. However, this kind of technique cannot always be used or the information from it is poor. In some of these cases other kinds of tomography can be applied such as scattering (Compton or Rayleigh) tomography or fluorescence tomography. The use of the latter techniques requires a different reconstruction technique of that used in transmission tomography. Some adaptation of the backprojection algorithm is often used, but in this case a complete scan of the sample is required with a fixed geometry. Another type of reconstruction algorithms are the iterative ones, but they present a high computational cost and so only small, low spatial resolution matrix, can be treated. In the past another kind of scanning techniques has been proposed. It is based on two linear translations (x-y) against translation and rotation required by the backprojection algorithm. The x-y scanning presents a big advantage compared with the backprojection scanning, i.e. the reconstruction does not need to be performed on the whole sample; it can also be performed on a part of the sample, the region of interest (ROI). However this scanning technique is affected by a big drawback: the influence of x-ray self-absorption by the matrix is stronger than the backprojection scanning producing a lower quality of the reconstruction. In this paper a recently developed correction technique is described.


Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) have demonstrated a dramatic response rate and prolonged progression free survival (PFS) in patients harboring an activating EGFR mutation, but reliable prognostic markers are lacking. High C-reactive protein to albumin ratio (CAR) is a marker of host systemic inflammation and associated with poor outcome in various carcinomas, but has not been analyzed in advanced NSCLC patients treated with EGFR-TKI. We retrospectively analyzed 392 advanced NSCLC patients with activating EGFR mutations to examine the predictive value of CAR in the era of targeted therapy. The optimal cutoff level of CAR was set at 0.146 according to the receive operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. Survival analysis was determined using the Kaplan-Meier analysis and prognostic factors were determined using a Cox proportional hazards model. We found that high CAR (≥0.146) was associated with poorer PFS and lower objective response rate. Subgroup analysis of both gefitinib and erlotinib showed that CAR was significantly associated with PFS. Multivariate analysis showed that pretreatment CAR was an independent predictive marker for PFS (HR: 1.48, 95% CI: 0.96-1.33). The findings of the present study demonstrated that advanced NSCLC patients with activating EGFR mutations who have pretreatment CAR values higher than 0.146 should be considered to have a high risk of early EGFR-TKI treatment failure.


This paper reports the optimization of a perfusion bioreactor system previously reported by us (Chouinard et al., 2009 ). The implementation of a proportional–integral (PI) controller algorithm to control oxygen concentration and pH is presented and discussed. P and I values used by the controller were first estimated using a First‐Order‐Plus‐Dead‐Time (FOPDT, Matlab Simulink) and then tuned manually. A new gas exchanger design compatible with the PI controller was introduced and validated to decrease interaction between the injected gases and overall inertia of the system. The gas exchanger was used to adjust both pH and dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration. This new bioreactor system allowed real‐time PI control over pH and DO concentration at different flow rates (from 2 to 70 mL min−1). Cell viability and proliferation were investigated to validate the updated bioreactor design and performance. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2012; 109:1305–1313. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.


Computed tomography (CT) plays an essential role in clinical diagnosis. Sparse sampling is an effective way to reduce the radiation on patients, but it will lead to severe artifacts on the reconstructed CT images, and artifacts may interfere with the diagnosis. Therefore, it is significant to ensure the quality of the region of interest, with extra parameters as few as possible. In this paper, we design a novel lightweight network called CAGAN and propose a dual-domain reconstruction pipeline for parallel beam sparse-view CT. CAGAN is an adversarial auto-encoder with the coordinate attention (CA), which preserves the spatial information of features and learns to focus on the textures. Also, the application of lightweight convolutional blocks reduces the parameters by a quarter without performance loss. Taking 180 views as full-view, our model reaches a PSNR of 41.975 given 45 views and a PSNR of 34.546 given 10 views, which is extremely sparse.


In ayurveda Ipomoea cairica has its own importance to treat various health problems. It is tropical plant and a wild relative of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas), which is considered as one of China's most invasive alien species. Ipomoea cairica is a climber plant in the Convolvulaceae family that is frequently used as a medicinal herb in India and Western Asia. In this study two different solvents like water and ethanol were used for the extraction of Ipomoea cairica. The highest extraction yield was obtained by using Ethanol.  The antioxidant activity, total phenolic content, and total flavonoid content of aqueous and Ethanolic extracts were investigated using various in vitro assays. Study revealed that Ethanolic extract showed the highest antioxidant potential activity by DPPH (2,2- diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging activity. The same extract also exhibited the highest phenolic content (22.03±1.21 mg Gallic acid equivalent/g dried Ipomoea cairica) and the highest flavonoid content (8.54±0.42 mg Quercetin equivalent/g of Ipomoea cairica). These results indicate that ethanolic extract of Ipomoea cairica can be used to reduce oxidative stress.


Drainage system is the exile of overload water by flowing through surface drainage or sub surface drainage. The overload of water is rain drop. Based on the condition, the run off surface which caused the overload water should be handled by planning the drainage well and supported. It was made for smoothing the water acces so that it won't be blocked by the rubbish also anticipate the scrape of soil.The research was held at Kelurahan Benpasi Kecamatan Kefamananu Kabupaten TTU from January until March, 2015. It used the rational method, it was Qa = 0,278.C.I.A.The primary data were the condition of the run off surface and the existing channel. The secondary data, such as: the population report, rain, the map of field arrangement and topography map. The result of analysis stated that the number of rain during 10 year in amount of 92,918mm with the flood discharge in amount of 3,52mᶟ/second. The biggest capacity of existing channel was Q4 = 0,231 mᶟ/second. The planned construction design was made of the river stone couple which has square shape in size b = 1,30m and h = 0,69m on channel 4. The plannedchannel capacity in amount of 3,64mᶟ/second


► Tropini C, Moss EL, Merrill BD, et al. Transient osmotic perturbation causes long-term alteration to the gut microbiota. Cell 2018; 173:1742-1754 Osmotic diarrhoea is a common medical condition, precipitated by food intolerance, gut malabsorptive conditions such as coeliac and pancreatic diseases, and the use of osmotic laxatives. Overthe-counter laxative use is prevalent in industrialised countries. Despite their widespread usage, there is little known about the impact of osmotic laxatives on the gut microbiota. This recent preclinical study showed that osmotic laxatives cause disruption to the gut microbiota of mice, including extinction of key taxa and some effects are long lasting. Their data suggest that the response of the microbiota to polyethanol glycol treatment is influenced by host-related factors such as colonic mucus loss and changes in immune system function, as well as host-independent microbial growth inhibition due to altered osmolality in the microenvironment. Higher taxonomic level reporting failed to identify important microbiota changes, for example the competition between related taxa in response to gut perturbation and changes in nutrients/resources. Species reintroduction through environmental exposure allowed resilience of the gut microenvironment. This higher level of detail is clearly important as we move towards the personalised medicine era. Better understanding of the interaction between the gut microbiota and its niche will translate into better therapeutic approaches.


A numerical scheme based on uniform Haar wavelets is used to solve the nonhomogeneous Burgers equation. The quasilinearization technique is used to conveniently handle the nonlinear terms in the nonhomogeneous Burgers equation. The Haar wavelet preliminaries and function approximation are explained in brief. We have solved nonhomogeneous Burgers equation with two initial conditions, namely, linear and periodic initial condition and are presented as two examples. The Haar wavelet solution of these two examples are compared with exact solution and finite difference method solution.


Cl6B3N3H6 has been prepared by reaction of gaseous HCl with B-trichloroborazine in benzene. The compound crystallizes in the orthorhombic space group Pnma and four formula units in the cell. The structure was refined by least squares analysis to a R-value of 0.033. The molecules show a nearly ideal chair conformation. Interatomic distances (mean values) are: B-Cl 1.845 and B-N 1.575 Å.


Abstract : A total of 325 archeological sites were documented during surveys of Cochiti Reservoir. Detailed summaries of environmental, architectural, and artifactual variability are presented for each site location. Major occupational periods are Late Archaic, 800 b.c. to A.D. 400, Anasazi, A.D. 600 to 1600, and Historic, ca. A.D. 1540 to present. Most sites are non-structural artifact scatters, frequently associated with hearths, or small one to three room structural sites. One pueblo of 200-400 rooms was recorded. Additional classes of sites include shelters, depressions terraces, corrals, pens, and petroglyphs. Regional and temporal variabilities can be isolated among the kinds of seasonal, short-term subsistence-related activities represented at sites within a restricted ecological context.


We describe a new semi-analytical program, KKhhFoam, which provides a simplified framework for testing the amplitude-level exponentiation scheme (CEEX) of the full KKMChh program in the semi-soft limit. The structure of the KKhhFoam integrand is also helpful for elucidating the structure of CEEX. We also discuss the representation of ISR in KKMChh and compare the ISR added by KKMChh to the effect of switching to a QED-corrected PDF, at the individual quark level, and suggest a new approach to running KKMChh with QED-corrected PDFs.


Summary. We describe an assay based on photometric analysis for the measurement of adherence of Candida species to epithelial target cells (Vero cell line). Adherent Candida cells were detected by staining the cells with the fluorescent dye Calcofluor white (CFW), which binds to chitin and glucan in the yeasts. The tests were performed on microtest plates, which were analysed automatically by fluorescence plate readers. The assay is based on the following steps: (i) coating of the microtest plates with target cells (e.g. Vero cells); (ii) infection with Candida: (iii) staining of Candida with CFW; (iv) rinsing to remove non‐adherent Candida cells and unbound dye; (v) detection of adherent fluorescent Candida cells. The test was able to detect 4times104 cells ml‐1. The standard deviation was ±8%. Day‐to‐day variation was ± 10% at most. The adherence of strains of different Candida species was assayed by a standard procedure. The results confirmed the order of adherence, with C. albicans ranking first, followed by C. tropicalis, C. parapsilosis and C. glabrata.


Microbial contamination in the oil and gas industry is prevalent in both downstream and upstream activities. Fouling, corrosion and all the problems associated with respiration by-products contribute to lifting and production costs. Other problems include spoilage of drilling, well stimulation and production fluids. The impact of these problems can be managed by understanding where the microbes are and when they need to be controlled. Biocide programs are one effective way to control bio-burden in produced and surface waters. There are limited methods available that will quantitatively show the direct impact of a biocide program and offer an opportunity to optimize dosage rates and application points. The most common and least expensive methods involve inoculation of a nutrient medium specific to certain types of bacteria and incubation over a period of time. Detection of viable microbes in this way results in disadvantages, primarily the incubation time requirement which does not allow for timely adjustments to the biocide application. This paper summarizes results obtained using a novel technique for bioburden detection via Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) in surface and produced water in typical Southern USA operations. ATP is an excellent marker for all cells and commercial detection systems have been available for several decades. The advantage of ATP detection is that results are available in minutes, rather than days or weeks. However, traditional ATP detection systems had significant drawbacks, including assay interferences and poor sampling techniques, generating results that were difficult to interpret and apply. The current protocol has been refined to eliminate these deficiencies and produce repeatable results that are comparable with industry accepted culturing methods. In addition to examining bio-burdens from representative surface and produced waters, the technique was also used to compare the efficacy of several non-oxidizing biocides on the microbial populations.


A new synthesis of α-L-fucose from D-glucose is described. The key intermediate is methyl 2, 3-di-O-acetyl-4, 6-O-benzylidene-α-D-altropyranoside (1), synthesized from methyl α-D-glucopyranoside by known procedures. Compound 1 was converted into methyl 2, 3-di-O-acetyl-4-O-benzoyl-6-bromo-6-deoxy-α-D-altropyranoside (2) by treatment with N-bromosuccinimide. Dehydrobromination of 2 afforded the 5, 6-unsaturated glycoside (4), which underwent reduction by hydrogen, mainly with inversion at C-5, to give methyl 2, 3-di-O-acetyl-4-O-benzoyl-6-deoxy-β-L-galactopyranoside (5) with a small amount of the isomeric methyl 2, 3-di-O-acetyl-4-O-benzoyl-6-deoxy-α-D-altropyranoside (3). The ratio of 3 to 5 was about 1 to 4. Deacylation of a mixture of 3 and 5 gave crystalline methyl β-L-fucopyranoside (6) and a syrupy methyl 6-deoxy-α-D-altropyranoside. Acidic hydrolysis of 6 afforded crystalline α-L-fucose in 19.3% yield from 1 via 5 steps.


A ring R is said to be left n-semihereditary, if every n-generated left ideal of R is projective. It is shown that for a ring R, the following statements are equivalent: (1) R is left n-semihereditary; (2)every n-generated submodule of a projective left R-module is projective; (3)every torsion-less right R-module is n-flat; (4)R is left ncoherent and every n-generated right ideal of R is flat; (5)R is left n-coherent and every right ideal of R is n-flat; (6)every factor module of an n-injective left R-module is n-injective; (7)the sum of an arbitrary family of n-injective submodules of a left R-module is n-injective. Moreover, some new characterizations of Prüfer rings are given. Throughout this paper R denotes an associative ring with identity, and all modules are unitary R-modules. Let m, n be two positive integers. An R-module M is said to be n-generated if it has a generating set of cardinality at most n[5]. A left R-module M is called n-injective, if for every n-generated left ideal I of R, each R-homomorphism from I to M can be extended to R[10],[11]. A left R-module M is said to be (m,n)-injective, if for every n-generated submodule I of the left R-module R, each R-homomorphism from I to M can be extended to R[3]. Clearly, M is n-injective iff M is (1, n)-injective. Following[11], R is said to be left n-coherent, if every n-generated left ideal of R is finitely presented. A left(right) Rmodule M is called n-flat if for every n-generated right(left) ideal I of R, the canonical map I ⊗R M → M(M ⊗R I → M) is monic. n-flat modules have been studied in [5] and [11]. In this paper, we extend the concept of left semihereditary rings and introduce the concept of left n-semihereditary rings. Several characterizations of left n-semihereditary rings are given by means of n-injective modules, (m,n)-injective modules, n-flat modules, projective modules, injective modules, flat modules, torsion-less modules and left n-coherent rings. Definition 1. A ring R is said to be left n-semihereditary, if every n-generated left ideal of R is projective. We note that this definition is at odds with another definition of left n-semihereditary rings, see[11]. It is obvious that R is left semihereditary if and only if R is left n-semihereditary for each positive integer n, R is a left p.p. ring if and only if R is left l-semihereditary. Example. Let n be any natural number and let R be the K-algebra (K is any field) on the 2(n + 1) generators Xi, Yi(i = 1, · · · , n + 1) and defining relations ∑n+1 i=1 XiYi = 0. It follows from [8] that R is left n-semihereditary, but R is not left (n + 1)-semihereditary. Lemma 1. If R is left n-semihereditary, then every n-generated submodule A of a free left R-module F is isomorphic to a direct sum of finitely many n-generated left ideals. Proof: Let F have basis {xk | k ∈ K}. Since A is finitely generated, A is contained in a free summand of F generated by finitely many xks. We may, therefore, assume F is free with 2000 Mathematics Subject Classification. 16E60, 16D50.


Abstract The work presented in this paper is an attempt to investigate the effect of aging in Dead Sea water on the mechanical properties of polycarbonate under different temperatures and strain rates. The mechanical properties as Young's modulus, yield stress and yield strain have been studied as a function of aging time. Other physical parameters such as the activation energy and the activation volume are estimated from the analysis of the obtained data using the Eyring theory of yielding. It was found that the mechanical behavior of polycarbonate is effected by aging in Dead Sea water where the effect of aging decreases with test temperature and disappears at high temperature.


The transformation of SOEs in China has changed their workers' identity and status essentially.Laid-off workers increase sharply,on-guard workers' benefits are damaged and the status of workers drops down.The sticking point of these problems is rooted in disregarding of labor property.right.While capitalists are provided enough developing space during transformation of SOEs,labors also have the rights to claim resonable institution arrangement of property right.Institutionizing democratic negotiation is the weapon to actualizing labor property right.


Based on the perspective of information asymmetry, this paper uses game theory to construct a model, focusing on phenomena of concealing and cheating which are common in E-commerce between buyers and sellers in the process of transaction. Under the premise of setting participants, utility function and external environment, we take each equilibrium solution from signaling game and game of complete information to form a comparative analysis. As a result, we find out that lower level of information asymmetry do improve overall effectiveness level of the industry, and generate a positive impact on the efficiency of transaction; last but not least, governmental control plays a crucial regulatory function.


The loss in contrast-discrimination ability of the human visual system under high ambient illumination level can cause image quality degradation in mobile phones. In this paper, we propose a perceived contrast compensation method by processing the original displayed image. With consideration that the perceived contrast significantly varies across the image, this method extracts the local band contrast from the original image; it then compensates these contrast components to counteract the perceived contrast degradation. Experimental results demonstrate that this method can maintain most contrast details even in high ambient illumination levels.


The behavior of real scattering surfaces is often specified by measuring the bidirectional reflectance factor (BRF), defined as the ratio of the flux scattered into a given direction by a surface under given conditions of illumination to the flux scattered in the same direction by a Lambertian scatterer under identical conditions.THe utility of this factor is that measurements on surfaces can be related to known standards, which have a BRF greater than 99 percent for a broad range of wavelengths. In addition to the incidence angle and spectral features of the incident flux, the reflectance properties of a surface are affected by the intrinsic composition and roughness properties of the surface. Therefore, the spectral reflectance of different targets will generally yield spectral reflectance curves of different shapes, forming the basis for identification of materials. For example, optical principles developed for the determination of reflectance properties of marine particles facilitate the determination of the BRF of oceanic samples. We have recently developed and implemented a system for determining the BRF composed of a Zeiss photomicroscope equipped with a reflective system. In this system, excitation is provided over a large field of view while reflection collection is acquired over a slightly smaller solid angle. Multi-wavelength measurements allow the determination of the effect of the excitation wavelength on both the reflectance and fluorescence properties of the sample, whereas monochromatic measurements exclude fluorescence effects. This new technique provides the advantages of determination of the BRF for different types of individual and bulk particulates transferred onto an optical embedding medium or collected on an Anopore filter. Abundance and other optical properties of dominant particle types can also be determined by individual particle analysis on the same sample.


China's foreign exchange system currently combines a virtual peg to the US dollar with direct capital account controls. With accession to the World Trade Organisation, China's capital control regime can be expected to lose its effectiveness in the face of accelerating liberalisation of trade and investment. While the country may experience in the medium term an increase in nominal and real shocks, the easing of capital controls is an inevitable requisite promoting development of China's domestic financial markets and integration with the global trade system and capital markets. Soft pegs with wide fluctuation bands or similar arrangements that retain certain capital controls could thus be adopted in the interim. Then, as China's financial markets develop and enterprises and banks begin to adhere consistently to market principles, a more flexible foreign exchange regime such as a managed float with relaxed capital controls could be introduced. 1 This paper, prepared for the most part while working in the OECD's Economics Department, benefits greatly from the comments of Charles Pigott at the OECD. Iikka Korhonen of BOFIT also provided valuable comments.


A wireless network increases its system capacity by keeping the transmitter and the receiver nearer to one another which rapidly increases the spatial reuse technique and provides better QoS. The nomadic users in the network deploys high infrastructure usually in the form of picocells, microcells, hotspots, etc. A new alternative concept involving fewer infrastructures is the deployment of home base station known as femtocells. These femtocells are small, low power cellular base station which are installed at home or small business enterprises with the help of internet connection. In this paper, two-tier heterogeneous networks are formed by installing femtocells with the macrocellular networks that creates an interference problem between them. By examining the performance of the system with imperfect channel state information associated with channel estimation, feedback delay and quantisation error, we obtain the improved power control level for femtocells and null interference using beam generation. In order to mitigate the interference, we propose a method of improving the power control for femtocells and beamforming to maximise the macrouser and femtouser SINR. Simulation results are analysed using NS-2 software.


An electro-mechanico-acoustic structure in which magnetic wave energy is converted directly into acoustic energy and partly stored and then converted into audiible acoustic energy in a gradual manner over a period of time.


Stability assessment of biosolids must be made on the basis of the stabilization process used and the intended use of the manufactured biosolids. In this manner, a matrix based on technology and use was developed as an approach for assessing biosolids stability. Specific tests were recommended as to the most useful methods of stability assessment for each of the stabilization technologies examined.


With impending regulation of mercury from coal-fired power plants, control efforts have focused on the most mature retrofit technologies. Powdered activated carbon (PAC) injection has been deemed the most mature technology, but has until recently only been demonstrated in benchand pilot-scale experiments. Under a DOE NETL cooperative agreement, large-scale, continuous injection of PAC was accomplished for periods of several weeks at four utility power plants. Leaching analyses were performed using two widely accepted methods in order to assess the stability of the ash byproduct in landfill situations. Results are reported here for three of the four plants, which represent different coal rank and composition, different particulate control devices, and different operating conditions; however, the same powdered activated carbon was used at all plants. Little or no detectable Hg leached by the TCLP or SGLP procedures for any of the ash samples. The amounts of mercury leached from these samples were about 100 times lower than the primary drinking water standard. At one plant, where ash was tested for mercury leaching with and without injection of PAC, PAC injection did not seem to have increased the amount of mercury leached from the ash.


Dushtavrana is a commonly and often encountered problem faced in surgical practice. The presence of Dushtavrana worsens the condition of the patient with different complications which may become fatal and life threatening. Local factors on wound like slough, infection and foreign body which affect the nor-mal process of healing. A healthy and fresh wound in a normal body heals earlier with minimal scar as compared with contaminated wound. Therefore, in the present study all efforts are made towards to keep the wound clean during various stages of healing. Good wound healing with Minimal Scar formation with minimal pain effectively is the prime motto of every surgeon. Acharya Sushrutha has explained 60 proce-dures for the management of Vrana at different stage. Kshara Karma is one among them which is men-tioned by Acharya Sushrutha and which is indicated in Dushtavrana due to its Chedana, Bhedana, Lek-hana & Tridosghna properties. Which does the Shodhna of Dushtavrana.


It is commonly assumed in broadcasting and film production that audiences determine soundtrack loudness mainly from the speech component. While intelligibility considerations support this idea indirectly, the literature is very short on direct supporting evidence. A listening test was therefore conducted to test this hypothesis. Results suggest that listeners judge loudness from overall levels rather than speech levels. A secondary trend is that listeners tend to compare like with like. Thus listeners will compare speech loudness with other speech content rather than with nonspeech content, and will compare loudness of non-speech content with other non-speech content more than with speech content. A recommendation is made on applying this result for informed program loudness control. 8043 Dash, Bassett & Cabrera Speech & non-speech in program loudness AES 128th Convention, London, UK, 2010 May 22–25 Page 2 of 16


It still has five obstacles needing to be removed in accelerating market-oriented reform of coal price mechanism, which includes the conflict of electric power monopolization and coal monopolization, coal price mechanism reform deficiency, lack of transport capability, fluctuation of coal power price as a result of administrative interference, and macro-regulatory improperly. In coal industry reform, we should speed up power system reform process and strengthen coal resource concentration, promote coal power industry combination, avoid the situation of coal power price fluctuation during the same period, and administrative system reform. Thus it could build up a fair competition market environment for both coal and power Industry.


Since no author can afford to rewrite his books every ten or twenty years, he is at least obliged to inform his readers of the progress made by recent research. I tried such a critical and bibliographical mise au point while preparing the second edition of my Shamanism.l In the following notes I intend to make a similar mise au point with regard to the religious meanings of archaic and traditional metallurgical practices and the original significance of alchemy. I have discussed these problems more than once since 1935,2 but I will refer mostly to The Forge and the Crucible.3 Approaching the subject from the perspective of a historian of religions, I will not insist on the vast literature published by historians of metallurgical techniques and ancient chemistry. Among such contributions, I will refer only to those containing materials or information relevant to the themes discussed in The


Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) is an important food security crop for many tropical and sub-tropical countries. Yellowfleshed tubers of cassava contain β-carotene which is a precursor of vitamin A. Out of 16 local yellow- fleshed clones, only four clones possessed moderate amount of total carotenoids ( 3.6-6.4µg/g f.wt.) and β –carotene ( 2.2-2.8 µg/g f.wt. ) coupled with good cooking quality. The analysis of 150 high carotene clones indicated that 35 clones possessed 10.0-13.6 µg total carotenoids /g f.wt. and 6 clones had 10.1-11.1 µg β –carotene /g f.wt.. There was no difference in the protein content between the white-fleshed and yellow-fleshed tubers. The studies indicated that yellow- fleshed cassava is a good source of pro-vitamin A .


Stone is formed from 5 to 60% by weight of polymerised, low-viscosity, transparent or low-colour-resin, 20 to 90% by weight of spherical alumina trihidrate Al2O3.3H2O containing less regular particles containing, advantageously 0 to 100% by weight of a transparent or translucent substitute of alumina trihydrate, and/or with 0 to 20% or pre-prepared particulate, filled resin of a chosen colour, and/or mineral particles and less than 2% by weight of luminophor. These individual components are mixed intensely whilst extracting included gaseous parts. Extraction is carried out whilst mixing, and/or after mixing, and/or before mixing. The mixture is initiated by introducing a starter and intensely mixing it into the mixture. The mixture is poured into a mould or onto a moving endless belt. The cured synthetic stone is removed from the mould or the hardened composite is taken off the the belt. Synthetic stone can be used in products as a light carrier.