We have investigated the effects of substrate topography on the nucleation and growth behavior of 321 stainless steel (ss) films, introducing textured surfaces into mica substrates by the abrasion treatment. In this study, two groups of samples were prepared at three different sputtering time within 12 s using radio frequency (r.f.) magnetron sputtering and characterized by atomic force microscopy. Good nucleation uniformity has been obtained on the unabraded mica substrates due to the statistical distribution of nucleation sites. Especially, we have already observed an interesting unusual nucleation phenomenon, the island–rim structure on the abraded mica substrates after 4 s, where the island is fractal-like and the rim around the island was only occupied by few grains for nucleation. These ramified islands were located at the wide grooves introduced as predominate nucleation sites. The island–rim structure formed in initial nucleation process is closely associated with x, y velocity components of surface atoms and the distribution of active sites (related intimately to the surface free energy σ and strain energy e) for nucleation. With the increasing of the sputtering time, voids and overlarge grains have been observed in the island–rim region after the sputtering time of 8 s and 12 s, respectively.


This paper is on the quality of the support of learning with understanding for early pre-school graders. We are giving the analysis of four coursebooks of Natural and Social Sciences for the third grade. Support to learning with understanding is being analyzed in the context of two general strategies of didactical forming of teaching material. The first aim is analysis of the presence of the mentioned strategies in new coursebooks. It has been determined that in all analyzed coursebooks, the teaching material is presented with the combination of narration and direction. The second aim is the analysis of the realization of the minimal pre-condition for meaningful learning - whether basic information is explicitly given about the contents which should be learned (term determination, principles, criteria, correct procedure) and whether they are adequately stressed in relation to less important information. Induction strategy is shown a more problematic than expositional one, and the key point is form the standpoint of its functionalism referrers to the existence of generalization / summarizing which reports are connected with the expected outcomes of the leaning scope, or whether this final step is given to students at the teaching lesson. The third aim is analysis of the efficient leading of the process of learning in the sense of explaining and connecting the contents. The exposition strategy points out the problem of structuring of information, whereas the inductive strategy realizes the isolated problems: whether the generalizations / summarizing are adequately prepared for with reports and whether they contain all the relevant explanations, explications and connections. The stated questions open the dilemma about the comparative advances and insufficiencies of these strategies.


instrumental barriers to change are downplayed, especially for readers from more car-dominated countries or rural areas where practical alternatives to the car simply do not exist. I should disclose that my reaction is a reflection of my own experience with the car, as an Australian-American woman who drives a car every day. And this brings us back full circle: the car is rich with meaning, and that meaning varies enormously between different people. Even if you do not share the author's vision for automobility, reading this book will open your eyes to perspectives on the car that you might never have imagined.


The effect on seismic transmission of phase transitions in which the transformation of one solid to another involves a change in density is analyzed theoretically. Stress exerted by the seismic wave is assumed to transform a minute amount of material at a rate proportional to the local stress relative to the transformation value. The analysis shows that such transitions, even though the amount of material affected is very small, can have an appreciable effect on velocities and attenuation if the regions transforming are in the shape of thin planar areas. The effect is negligible for regions with more equant dimensions. The hydrostatic component of the response is found to be that of a standard linear solid; the response in shear is more complicated but can be approximated as a standard linear solid also. The characteristic frequency of the transition from nickel olivine to nickel spinel is found to be 0.01 Hz at 1000°C and 0.001 Hz at 900°C. The ratio of compressional wave velocity to shear wave velocity at frequencies when this mechanism is operative is lower than normal, whereas the ratio is higher than normal when grain boundary sliding occurs.


One kind of spherical floating docking skirt, submarine rescue equipment belonging to the art, especially suitable for replacing four degrees of freedom dynamic positioning DSRV "fixed" skirt, so as to have six degrees of freedom dynamic positioning docking features lifeboat. Spherical skirt of the present invention having the equatorial plane, both ends of the movable seal with the inner spherical surface of the cylindrical barrel for holding the spherical skirt freely rotatable. Electromagnet assembly includes a hollow shaft, a yoke and a coil. A pair of orthogonal spherical diameter in the equatorial plane of the skirt to the axis of the sleeve insert mounted on four bearings spherical skirt cylinder wall. When the coil assembly opposite the two electromagnets are energized simultaneously, and the spherical skirt firmly adsorbed on the yoke to ensure that the hollow shaft is inserted into the bearing sleeve forming a spherical shaft skirt; skirt spherical joint seat installation of the high pressure water to prevent small particles from entering the water between the opposing sliding surfaces. Use of the present invention can reduce the number of required power DSRV positioning device, it is highly conducive to the process control interface.


In this work, we present a Programming by imitation for a robotic manipulation system, which can be programmed for various tasks from only a single demonstration. The system is primarily based on the three components: i) scene parsing, ii) action classification, and iii) dynamic primitive shape fitting. All the above modules are developed by leveraging state-of-the-art techniques in 2D and 3D visual perception. The primary contribution of this system paper is an imitation-based robotic system that can replicate highly complex tasks by executing elementary task-specific program templates, thus avoiding extensive and exhaustive manual coding. In addition, we contribute by introducing a primitive shape fitting module by which it becomes easier to grasp objects of various shapes and sizes. To evaluate the system performance, the proposed robotic system has been tested on the task of multiple object sorting and reports 91.8% accuracy in human demonstrated action detection, 76.1% accuracy in action execution, and overall accuracy of 80%. We also examine the proposed system's component-wise performance to demonstrate the efficacy and deployability in industrial and household scenarios.


The utility model discloses a self rising type oil producing platform, comprising a main platform body with a box shaped structure, a hydraulic lifting device and a peg foot; wherein the main platform body comprises a pressure carrying water chamber, a sea water chamber, a fresh water chamber and a technical cabin; the utility model also comprises an oil chamber with a dual bottom layers and a dual boat shell; wherein tail of the main deck in the platform is provided with a moveable pipeline trestle which is used for connecting the platform; and the two shipboards at the platform tail respectively have a burning arm which is used for burning aerial defense air. The utility model not only can save a plurality of cost, but also significantly enhance the safety of the sea platform and the environment of the sea.


The invention provides a method and device of controlling charging, a power adapter, and a mobile terminal. The method is applied to a power adapter which forms a charging circuit for transmitting a direct current between the power adapter and the mobile terminal when the power adapter is connected to the mobile terminal. The method comprises: the power adapter provides a DC voltage based on an AC voltage obtained from an external power source; when the power adapter is connected to a first mobile terminal, the power adapter transmits a DC current based on the DC voltage to the first mobile terminal through a first charging circuit formed between the power adapter and the first mobile terminal; the power adapter prohibits the provision of a DC voltage when it is determined that the first charging circuit is abnormal; and the power adapter determines a connection between the power adapter and the first mobile terminal, allowing the provision of a DC voltage to increase the charge safety when the connection between the power adapter and the first mobile terminal is disconnected.


Multi-kernel polar codes are constructed from the Kronecker product. For ordinary multi-kernels, constituent polarizing matrices of the same stage are identical. However, in a stage, applying different constituent matrices based on channel property can further improve performance. This family of polar codes is defined as hybrid multi-kernel polar codes. Exponents of hybrid multi-kernels are analyzed. The matrix of a hybrid multi-kernel is generated by a Kronecker-like product operation, and so are partial distances. All exponents of hybrid multi-kernels take values between the maximum and the minimum exponents among all constituent matrices. Exponents are related to the error probability of the original channel and exhibit a trend of convergence as block-length increases. The convergence rate is also related to the original error probability.


In this paper we obtain a lower bound estimate of the spectrum of Laplacian operator on complete submanifolds with bounded mean curvature, whose ambient space admits a Riemannian submersion over a complete Riemannian manifold with bounded negative sectional curvature. This estimate generalizes many previous known estimates.


This article discusses an example of a colloidal suspension (blood in plasma) to compare the speed of sedimentation using only gravity to when a centrifugal force is applied.


The present invention discloses a method and Thai text word segmentation means. One kind of Thai text word segmentation method comprising: matching algorithm using a dictionary, a text string treat segmentation segmentation; in the presence of an unsuccessful matching portion, using a preset template syllable combined, the combined matching character portion is unsuccessful syllable; using the matching syllable partially successful merger thus obtained that the first word all results. Technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present invention, in addition to the basic Thai word segmentation method using a matching dictionary, but also many special situation exists for the non-standard wording Thai Thai to perform word segmentation rules using temperament, thereby improving recognition of the unregistered word dictionary, the word cut to improve the availability and accuracy of the results.


Contemporary feminism has existed for over twenty years now, and in this time has begun to make a significant impact on many fields of academic study. In the field of history there has been a spectacular growth of feminist historical studies on an international scale, though this has only just begun in Scotland. One major theme that has emerged within the growing debate about the nature of the historical experience of women is that of the private/public dichotomy often used to characterise society, the public world being viewed as that of men, and the private world being viewed as that of women. Some writers have accepted this dichotomy and have argued that the problem is that women's role in society has been undervalued and ignored, and that historical research should seek to describe women's lives and to demonstrate the signifkmceof their role to societyasawhol^ private. For example, Joy Hendry, writing in The Manufacture of Scottish History, though recognising that women have played a part in political protest in Scotland, on the whole appears to regard the problem of women's absence from history as one of lack of recognition of the extent and significance of 'women's sphere'; 'one of the key problems ... is that both men and women from the 18th Century onwards have perceived the public sphere as the playground of the men, and the private sphere as that of the women'. (Hendry 1992)


Digital museums – museum collections and/or online content disseminated over technology platforms – are fast becoming the norm. But they raise a number of legal issues ranging from copyright to image rights and from data protection to contract law. Copyright, in particular, raises important considerations because it governs whether and how content can be used. This article explores some of the key issues facing museums involved in curating interactive online exhibitions and offers guidance on what museums can do to ensure their activities comply with copyright law.


Abstract: Background/Aim: Pro‐inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, such as interleukin (IL) 8, are important mediators of hepatic injury and repair following an insult. The purpose of this work was to study the regulation of IL‐8 by IL‐10 and IL‐4 in HepG2 cells treated with acetaldehyde (Ac). Methods: HepG2 cells were pretreated with IL‐10 or IL‐4 before exposure to Ac, examining IL‐8 expression by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and Western blot.


In 1567 Margaret of Parma, regent of the Netherlands, discussed a picture of Elizabeth I with the English diplomat Thomas Radcliffe, earl of Sussex. She claimed to have obtained it with great difficulty, but had persevered because she had heard such great praise of the English queen from Ludwig, count of Stolberg, who had recently returned from a diplomatic mission to the English court. Yet Margaret was concerned that the picture she had procured might not be an adequate likeness as it depicted Elizabeth dressed in a fashion that she was not known to favour. As Margaret 'honored and loved so moche' Elizabeth's person, she implored Sussex to show her his mistress's picture if he had it with him. Unable to deny that he did, Sussex reluctantly exhibited the royal image, which Margaret ardently perused with several high-ranking members of her court.1 An imperial ambassador, Monsieur de Maldeghen, who had also recently been on embassy to England, affirmed that it was a true likeness of the English queen, so much so that 'ther lacked but speche'. This prompted further expressions of affection from the regent, who stressed the close personal and political amity between herself and Elizabeth. The portrait then became a vehicle for Margaret to convey a coded expression of her support for the flailing Anglo-Habsburg marriage negotiations for, as she looked upon it, she professed that 'ther was onely one fault in you, which was with all these greate giftes of god to live sole without a husbande'. As Sussex was on his way to show Elizabeth's portrait to her suitor and Margaret's cousin, Archduke Charles, the unspoken meaning of the comment was hard to miss.2


The world oilseed indicator price is forecast to average lower in 2016-17 as a result of high carry-over stocks and higher soybean meal closing stocks.


The rogue breast surgeon Ian Paterson, believed to have carried out negligent or unnecessary surgery on more than 1000 women, has been convicted of 17 counts of wounding with intent to cause grievous bodily harm and three counts of unlawful wounding.

Paterson, 59, who worked mainly at Solihull Hospital in the West Midlands, sobbed quietly as the verdicts were announced at Nottingham Crown Court and faces sentencing at the end of May. The maximum sentence for wounding with intent is life imprisonment.

The charges related to just 10 of his private patients, including one man. All underwent breast surgery that, prosecutors said, "no reasonable surgeon at the time would have considered …


This research paper aims to examine how local boroughs in the South suburbs of Stockholm work with matters relating to radicalism and violent extremism with roots in white power environments and Is ...


Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of domestic topotecan (TPT) and DDP combination in treating small cell lung cancer(SCLC).Methods: Thirty four cases of previously treated and untreated SCLC patients were enrolled. Topotecan was given as 30 min intravenous infusion at 0.75m 2 daily for 3 day. The treatment was repeated once every 3 weeks. Efficacy was evaluated after two courses. Results: Thirty four patients went through the treatment schedule with 3 CR and 19 PR, with a total effective rate of 64.70%. Bone marrow suppresion was the dominate side effect. Conclusion: domestic TPT combinated with DDP is effective and safe for the treatment of SCLC, especially for recurrent cases.


We have been able to achieve semiconductor-to-metal transition (SMT) temperature in VO2 thin films close to the values reported for bulk VO2 single crystals. This was achieved by complete relaxation of misfit strain, which leads to a negligible tension/compression along VO2 [001], upon introduction of NiO buffer layer on c-plane sapphire substrate. In this paper, we discuss the mechanism behind complete relaxation of misfit strain which occurs under the paradigm of domain-matching epitaxy, where integral multiples of planes match across the interface. NiO buffer layers were grown in situ, prior to the VO2 deposition, using pulsed-laser deposition technique. X-ray θ-2θ, φ, and pole figure scans were performed for structural characterization of the VO2/NiO/Al2O3 (0001) heterostructure. All the constituent layers of the heterostructure were found to be epitaxial with orientation relationship: (020)VO2∥(111)NiO∥(0001)Al2O3 and ⟨100⟩VO2∥⟨110⟩NiO∥⟨101¯0⟩Al2O3. Parameters related to SMT, such as hysteresis and t...


The approximate solution of optimization and optimal control problems for systems governed by linear, elliptic partial differential equations is considered. Such problems are most often solved using methods based on applying the Lagrange multiplier rule to obtain an optimality system consisting of the state system, an adjoint-state system, and optimality conditions. Galerkin methods applied to this system result in indefinite matrix problems. Here, we consider using modern least-squares finite element methods for the solution of the optimality systems. The matrix equations resulting from this approach are symmetric and positive definite and are readily amenable to uncoupling strategies. This is an important advantage of least-squares principles as they allow for a more efficient computational solution of the optimization problem. We develop an abstract theory that includes optimal error estimates for least-squares finite element methods applied to optimality systems. We then provide an application of the theory to optimization problems for the Stokes equations.


Objective:To explore the change of social support and happiness among the patients with methadone maintenance treatment(MMT)after intervention about social function.Methods:Intervention about social function was executed among 82 patients with MMT,and 72 patients with MMT were as control group.The Social Support Assessment Schedule and General Well-Being Schedule(GWB)were assessed at the beginning and the end of the intervention.Results:Before the intervention,there was no difference between the intervention group and control group in scores of Social Support Assessment Schedule[(32.57±8.42)vs.(30.46±7.01),P=0.097].After the intervention,the scores in the intervention group(36.18±7.17)were increased(P=0.004),while that in the control group(30.62±8.34)had no change(P=0.897).The scores in the intervention group were higher than that in control group(P0.001).Similarly,there was no difference between the two groups in scores of GWB before intervention[(106.74±18.05)vs.(105.71±19.13),P=0.730].After intervention,the scores in intervention group(113.09±15.46)were increased(P=0.017)and the scores of control group(107.63±16.28)had no change(P=0.518).The scores in the intervention group was higher than that in the control group(P=0.035).Conclusion: Intervention about social function rehabilitation can increase the social support and happiness of the patients with methadone maintenance treatment.


Authentic material is a material which is used by the purpose to imitate the real-world situations. In addition, the use of authentic material is expected to bring the learners into direct contact with a reality so the students will interest during the learning process. However, the objectives of the research were to investigate kinds of authentic material, to explore the implementation of authentic material, to find out the problem faced by the Englishteacher in using the authentic material of SD PuriAsah Dasar Avesiena Green School Malang. Descriptive qualitative research design was used in this study. The techniques in collecting the data were observation and unstructured interview while field notes and interview guide were used as the instruments. The subject of this research was an English teacher of SD PuriAsah Dasar Avesiena Green School Malang. The result of the research showed that there were forty-eight authentic materials were used in five times observations. The researcher classified those varieties of authentic materials into three kinds of authentic materials: by those forty-eight authentic materials, only one referred to Authentic Visual Material, two referred to Authentic Printed Material, and the rest forty-five referred to Realia which meant it was the most favorable Authentic Material used by the English teacher. In using the authentic material, the teacher usually conducted an outdoor class activity to find out the real object related to the topic. By seeing and holding the real thing, it made the students interested and experienced the real situation. In this case, the problem faced by the teacher was in finding the authentic material which adjusted the students' grade and topic.


View merging is an important activity in any conceptual modeling language. It is often desirable to combine a set of views to gain a unified perspective, to test hypotheses about how views are related, or to perform various types of analysis. A major challenge for view merging is toleration of incompleteness and inconsistency: views may be inconclusive, and may have conflicts over the concepts being modeled or how they are structured. Drawing on the theory developed in our earlier work (2003), we present a view merging tool, called iVuBlender, that allows for explicit modeling of incompleteness and inconsistency and provides a framework for interconnecting and merging incomplete and inconsistent views.


Tantalum capacitors can provide much higher capacitance at high-temperatures than the ceramic capacitors. This study evaluates selected tantalum capacitors at high temperatures to determine their suitability for you in geothermal field. This data set contains results of the first test where three different types of capacitors were evaluated at 260C.


The ways of exactness increase of heavy machine-tool equipment, namely the adaptive control of exactness of axis position of spindle rotation of heavy lathe on hydrostatical supports are considered. The dynamic model of the adaptive control system of exactness of axis position of spindle rotation of heavy lathe on hydrostatical supports is developed. The efficiency of the system, dynamic qualities and exactness descriptions, are analyzed.


A key environmental factor in inducing final fruiting body differentiation in the migrating slugs of cellular slime molds is loss of contact with a surface film of water. If the slug tip reaches above the water film, fruiting tends to occur, but if it stays in contact with the surface water, continued migration is favored. Light is effective in promoting fruiting only if the phototactic slugs orient away from surface (as with overhead light) and therefore, only indirectly affects differentiation.


The structure characteristics of Quercus aliena var.acuteserrata community in Huangbaiyuan nature reserve were described in terms of its macroscopic features,species composition,dominant species,life form,bio-diversity,tree height,DBH and so on based on the sample investigation method.The results showed that there are 51 species of woody plants,14 herbaceous plants,25 liane in Quercus aliena var.communities.Trees with the height between 6~8m,8~12mand 16~20m were much more in the community.As for DBH,trees with DBH averaging 16 cm and ranging from 12 to 18cm were much more.


Introduction: Changes caused by the aging imply structures responsible for communication and swallowing. In the larynx, calcifications occur, impacting phonation (presbyphonia) and swallowing (presbyphagia). In hearing, there is a reduction in acuity (presbycusis). Memory also suffers important changes. Objective: Report the experience of an elderly people group assisted in a Reference Center for Social Assistance, in the metropolitan region of Fortaleza, Ceara, through actions that associate health of the elderly and Speech and Hearing Sciences. Methodology: Meetings took place from February to June 2019, with 38 elderly, of both sexes, aged from 60 to 87 years old. The speech therapist from the Family Health Center and students from this area prepared health education actions, which were based on the elderlys´ questions on their health conditions. Participants were encouraged to discuss, share experiences and clarify doubts about memory, phonation, hearing and swallowing, especially how the aging process affects these functions. Field diaries and written records supported data collection. Data analysis based on the Content Analysis in the thematic modality and the interpretation was held in the light of theories on healthy aging. Results: The elderly understand aging as an irreversible process, which causes problems in communication and swallowing, leading to social distance, feelings of shame and incapacity. The participants showed improvements from the interventions, as they began to value the educational health practices related to vocal health, swallowing, hearing and memory. Conclusion: Participants demonstrated more autonomy than before, by understanding and applying the guidelines given in the meetings in their daily lives. They became multipliers of their new learnings to their peers and families. Health education actions to strengthen the support network for the elderly are essential, highlighting the importance of continuous and specific care aimed at this population.


Biological molecular motors will play a major role in fundamental science in the 21st century as a bridge between life science and nanotechnology/ Though the investigation of these motors has been going on for over 150 years, significant breakthroughs only appeared in the last 20 years, thanks to the interdisciplinary studies of physicists, biochemists, physicians and mathematicians, and the development of single molecule technology. We review the major achievements in this field as well as current problems.


I discuss the fine-tuning of the nuclear forces and in the formation of nuclei in the production of the elements in the Big Bang and in stars.


Summary
Hip and groin injuries are usually seen with kicking, running and jumping athletic activities. Both recreational and elite athletes can be involved with hip and groin injuries. Although not very common, sports-related injuries of the hip and groin may impose a significant diagnostic dilemma for both the clinicians and the radiologists. Delayed diagnosis and treatment may result in complications, such as permanent disability or premature degenerative joint disease. Plain X-rays are the initial examination although usually unremarkable. Computed tomography can be helpful in certain cases such as tiny avulsion injuries, intraarticular loose bodies and myositis ossificans. Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging of the hip and groin area has proven to be extremely valuable in the diagnosis of radiographically occult osseous abnormalities as well as musculotendinous injuries. MR imaging is helpful in clinically confusing disorders such as stress bone marrow reactions and bursitis. MR imaging following the intraarticular administration of gadolinium is valuable for evaluating the cartilaginous, osteochondral and acetabular labral injuries. The osseous and soft tissue conditions summarized in this article represent those most commonly considered in the differential diagnosis of hip and groin injuries in athletes.


The connection between the pedagogical process and certain spatial characteristics of elementary schools, as a designed and constructed physical environment is studied. By observing the school premises as a complex dynamic field, the starting hypothesis is that the appropriate physical environment model is derived based on the needs and activities of school children and teachers in the pedagogical process. The physical environment factors that may affect the quality of modern pedagogical process are defined by systematizing specificities of analysed categories, logic factorization and conducted questionnaire and by mapping key attitudes on the existing space of elementary schools. The factors are: the functional organization of elementary school space, its structure, size, extensibility, mobility, flexibility and (dis)continuity. Implementation of these factors in the design of elementary schools aims to create a physical environment that offers a range of transitional forms of the realization of different activities in the pedagogical process.


We report fabrication and optical properties of ultra-thin polarization-invariant electromagnetic absorber metasurface for infra-red spectral. The absorber structure, which uses three-dimensional architecture is based on single-turn metallic helices arranged into a periodic square lattice on a metallic substrate, is expected to exhibit total resonant absorption due to balanced coupling between resonances of the helices. The structure was designed using numerical simulations aiming to tune the total absorption resonance to infra-red wavelength range by appropriately downscaling the unit cell of the structure, and taking into account dielectric dispersion and losses of the metal. The designed structures were subsequently fabricated using femtosecond direct laser write technique in a dielectric photoresist, and subsequent metallisation by gold sputtering. In accordance with the expectations, the structure was found to exhibit resonant absorption centred near the wavelength of 6 - 9 µm, with peak absorption in excess of 82%. The absorber metasurface may be applied in various areas of science and technology, such as harvesting infra-red radiation in thermal detectors and energy converters.


Process monitors that independently sense on-die PMOS and NMOS as-fabricated performance are presented. The monitors provide digital outputs, making them easily integrated blocks on SOC designs. We present two monitor approaches, one primarily analog and one primarily digital, applied to both logic circuits and SRAM, which may require different optimal body biases for best operation. The monitors correctly sense the die as-fabricated process corners on 55-nm test die, demonstrated on FF, FS, TT, SF SS corner skew lots. Experimentally measured performance and power correction is demonstrated for digital circuits, as well as parametric yield correction for SRAMs. Logic ring oscillators demonstrate 74% reduction in standard deviation for delay and leakage with monitor specified body biases. Similar improvement is demonstrated on embedded microprocessors. Finally, 55% and 72% reduction in SRAM read current variability and leakage, respectively, is also shown.


Selective area p-type ion implantation and activation is an important element for vertical gallium nitride power devices grown on low-cost foreign substrates. We report on the activation and electrical conductivity of magnesium implanted into gallium nitride on silicon. Activation of p-type implanted gallium nitride requires extreme conditions, that are especially challenging for gallium nitride on foreign substrates. Additionally, ohmic contacts to implanted p-type gallium nitride are difficult to achieve. In this study, Magnesium was implanted into gallium nitride on silicon and subsequently activated with a 1300 °C soak anneal in N2 atmosphere. Ohmic current-voltage characteristics are obtained for colmplantation of nitrogen. Without coimplantation, the current-voltage characteristics are non-ohmic. The ohmicity of N-coimplanted Mg suggests a successful activation of Magnesium as p-type dopant in gallium nitride on silicon.


Due to networked porous formation of Sb nanoparticles after delithiation, the Sb@N-CM nanorods anode exhibits a high reversible capacity, high coulombic efficiency, and excellent rate capability.


Lort-Jacob's verrucous nodular keratoderma in a patient aged 70 years with prostatic cancer and Bazex ' psoriasiform acrokeratosis in a patient aged 59 years in the presence of atypical pulmonary carcinoid with metastases in the liver are described. The diagnostic search included collection of anamnesis and clinical methods.


Survey´s purpose is to illustrate why and how the process happened, when the seferades had to move from Spain in the last years of 15th century to the Ottoman Empire and how the authors have discus ...


Onion thrips (Thrips tabaci L.) is a major pest of onion (Allium cepa L.) of family Alliaceae in India and widely spread in summer season. For the control of its infestation, the crop is sprayed intensively with insecticides. In order to fi nd out the most effi cient and eco-friendly method of thrips control, an experiment was conducted at Shajapur (M.P.) during the year 2007 and 2008 to assess the thrips population. Thrips population was counted at 15 days interval. Thrips population was peaked in February when they reached the maximum mean values ranging between 15.30 and 153.45 thrips per plant. The seven treatments of insecticides i.e. fi pronil 5 % SC, lambda-cyhalothrin 5 % EC, lambda-cyhalothrin 4.9 % CS, thiacloprid 21.7 % SC, deltamethrin 11 % w/w EC, malathion 50 % EC were applied at 30, 45 and 60 days after transplanting of onion crop for management of onion thrips. Among all the insecticides applied fi pronil 5 % SC and lambda-cyhalothrin 4.9 % CS was the most effective insecticide in reducing the thrips population and increasing the weight of exportable bulb and yield of onion as compare to control and other insecticides. Fipronil 5 % SC treatment reduced the thrips population by 98.56 percent over control and increased the bulb yield by 124.90 percent compared with control.


This paper studies the controllability of multi-agent systems with multiple leaders and switching topologies. In this case, we introduce the concept of union graph and reveal that the multi-agent system with switch- ing topologies is controllable if the corresponding system with union graph is controllable. Moreover, we obtain a necessary and sufficient condition for structural control- lability of multi-agent systems with multiple leaders and switching topologies. With these conclusions respect to the union graph, some sufficient conditions for controlla- bility of the switching multi-agent systems are shown based on the properties of controllability of multi-agent systems with fixed topology. Three computational tests and an ap- plication example are given to demonstrate the effective- ness and the practicability of the results.


The distribution of hepatitis D virus (HDV) is worldwide but not uniform. Current estimates suggest that 15–20 million people have exposure to HDV. Traditionally, areas of high prevalence are the Mediterranean basin, the Middle East, central Africa, the Amazonian basin and parts of Asia. As a consequence of vaccination against HBV and other prophylactic measures, the prevalence of HDV declined in Italy, Spain, Turkey and Taiwan. This downward trend stopped in the 1990s; a new location for HDV epidemics arose in western Europe, due to migration from endemic areas. HDV appeared in new geographic regions, posing a serious health threat in underdeveloped countries. Testing for anti-HVD antibodies in serum is the initial step in diagnosing HDV infection, but unravelling HDV RNA is essential to identify active replication.


Labor pain that may sometimes extreme in some pregnant women arises because of the physical reflection and psychological response of the mother. Music is proven to increase concentration, create comfort, and distract the feeling of pain in patients. The aim of this study was to explore wether Mozart classical music and Javanese gamelan music can decrease the level of pain in the process of labor and whether Mozart is better than gamelan in reducing pain in nulipara during stage 1 active phase of labor. This study was conducted by using quasy experiment method with a total of 30 nullipara patients in stage 1 active phase in RSIA Arvita Bunda, Sleman Yogyakarta during the period of December 2010 to March 2011. The subjects were divided into three groups: Mozart (n=10), Javanese gamelan (n=10), and control (n=10). Pain assesment were conducted twice for each group using the numerical rating scale (NRS), which was performed during the beginning of stage I active phase of labor and the end of stage 1 active phase of labor. The data were analyzed using Wilcoxon Signed Ranks (Z) and Mann Whitney statistical tests. The results of this study showed a change in the median value from 7.5 with a range of 7–10 to median 6 (5–9) in Mozar group, from the median value of 7 (5–9) to 7.5 (5–10) in gamelan group and from median 7 (4–9) to 9.5 (6–10) in control group. There was a significant difference between Mozart and control groups (p=0.001), and between Javanese gamelan group and control group (p=0.022), and the comparison between Mozart classical music and Javanese gamelan music (p=0.124). It is concluded that Mozart classical music and Javanese gamelan relief pain in stage 1 active phase of nullipara and no differences are found between the two. [MKB. 2013;45(4):218–25]


The magnetoquasistatic (MQS) field coupling theory is presented for long ranges between a transmitting device located outdoor to a receiving device located indoor. The theory is validated based on measurements in a large indoor house environment (<inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$>$</tex-math></inline-formula>8000 ft<inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$^2$</tex-math></inline-formula>) with the transmitting device located far outside the house (<inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$>$</tex-math></inline-formula>11 m from outer wall). We discuss the system and demonstrate position sensing for a compact mobile MQS receiver device in the house.


The production of urea from the metameric ammonic cyanate by Wohler, in 1828, was naturally regarded as an achievement of great importance in view of the part of the substance plays in the human economy—very nearly the whole of the nitrogen secreted being voided as urea; the synthesis of such a copound was a severe blow to the vitalistic conceptions which had been dominant in organic chemistry and justly excited attention, as it broke down the barriers up to that time held to be existent between the organic and inorganic world. The attributes of urea are in many ways remarkable and scarcely in correspondence with the simple formula ordinarily assigned to it. It is generally spoken of in the text-books as carbamide but its properties are more nearly those of the isomeric hydroxy-amino-imino - derivative: an explanation may be found in the assumption that the two isodynamic substances are present in an aqueous solution in oscillatory equilibrium:— CO { NH2 ⇌ C { NH NH2 NH2. OH But it is probable that these two compounds, in turn, are in equilibrium with the hydrate common to both, C(NH2)2(OH)2 : as chemical changes are all reciprocal effects, the behaviour of urea is therefore subject to considerable variation and depends on the conditions under which it is placed; on this account, a name which is significant of the origin of the substance rather than of its functions is specially appropriate.


Jackendoff, Ray. 1990. Semantic structures. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. Langacker, Ronald. 1987. Foundations of Cognitive Grammar, vol. 1: Theoretical prerequisites. Stanford: Stanford University Press. Langacker, Ronald. 1990. Concept, image, and symbol: The cognitive basis of grammar. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter. Langacker, Ronald. 2008. Cognitive Grammar: A basic introduction. New York: Oxford University Press.


It was shown by /sub 13/C NMR that a redistribution of the bonds with partial localization of the 1,5- and 1,10-anthraquinonoid structures occurs during the transition from 1,5-diamino(dihydroxy)- and 1-amino(hydroxy)-9,10-anthraquinones respectively to their borate complexes. For this reason the boroacetates and fluoroborates of 1,5-dihydroxyanthraquinones, 1-aminoanthraquinones, their N-alkyl and N-aryl derivatives, and 1,5-dihydroxyanthraquinone are capable of entering into amination under the influence of aromatic amines with substitution of the hydrogen atom at position 4 under mild conditions with the participation of atmospheric oxygen as oxidizing agent.


This talk has three parts. The first argues that the turbulence of the global scene today calls for a strengthened commitment to the common good both locally and globally. Part II treats some ethical requirements of the common good that are especially relevant today. Part III is more theological. With the help of Ignatius Loyola, it suggests that Christians are called to work for "the glory of God and the common good." My overall goal is to show that promoting the common good and giving greater glory to God are deeply interconnected.


It has long been recognized since the early studies in Japan by Yamagiwa and Ichikawa with coal tar-induced carcinogenesis that exposure to environmental and dietary chemicals are likely to be responsible for the vast majority of human cancers. A large number of enzymes participate in both activation and inactivation pathways of carcinogen metabolism. These enzymes mainly function in xenobiotic metabolism and are not thought to play critical roles in metabolism of endogenous chemicals such as hormones. A high degree of interindi vidual variability exists in levels of expression of xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes, and some of this variability is due to genetic poly morphism. The critical roles of these enzymes in carcinogen metabolism and this genetic variability in their expression lead to the possibility that xenobiotic enzyme polymorphisms are associated with cancer risk. This risk would be manifest with environmental or dietary exposure to carcinogens. A number of genetic polymorphisms in P450s2 and transferase enzymes have been described, along with


Aloe vera L var Chinensis lives in Yuanjiang District in Yunnan province is a variety which has great potential, and it was cultivated all over China especially in greenhouse in northeast China This paper analyzed the quantities of active material in aloe gelatin of different living environment The result indicated that there were obvious differences between the quantities of active material in aloe gelatin of different living environment The quantity of active material in aloe gelatin in Yuanjiang District in Yunnan province is much higher than that in greenhouse in Heilongjiang province, and there are great deal of protein and organic acid in aloe gelatin of Aloe vera L var Chinensis under condition of high temperature and weak acid soil


This paper proposes a model for energy sharing of interconnected microgrids (MGs), mainly where some MGs are owned by an entity, such as the government, which is the case study in Western Australia (WA). In the proposed model, MGs are able to trade energy among themselves when some of them have surplus generation, and others have lack of generations to meet their demand; however, they are obliged to pay for the use of distribution network, called network charge, and the share of network loss due to this energy transaction. In doing so, the network loss is taken into account and calculated through a power flow. The possibility of energy trading with the main grid is also considered through the wholesale electricity market. Considering the uncertainty of Photovoltaic (PV) generation and load involved, the decision making to inject or import energy to/from the main grid as well as to trade between MGs is obtained through a bi-level linear optimization. In the upper level, the distribution network operator intends to manage the energy exchange between MGs and energy trading with upstream grid, while in the lower level, each MG attempt to minimize its operational cost relating to PV and energy storage system (ESS). Finally, the proposed method is applied to a real project in Western Australia.


The randomized, deterministic and parallel algorithms for generating minimal perfect hash functions (MPHF) are proposed. Given a set of keys, W, which are character strings over some alphabet, the algorithms using a three-step approach (mapping, ordering, searching) nd the MPHF of the form h(w) = (h0(w) + g(h1(w)) + g(h2(w)))mod m, w 2 W, where h0, h1, h2 are auxiliary pseudorandom functions, m is a number of input keys, and g is a function implemented as a lookup table. The randomized and deterministic algorithms are time optimal, i.e. they construct the MPHF | of relatively large representation space | in expected time O(m). The time complexity of the parallel algorithm is exponential in m, but it generates the space eecient MPHF. The algorithm which is based on a specially devised data structure, called a reversed trie, exhibits a consistent and almost linear speedup in the number of processors on a message-based distributed-memory computer. The results of timing experiments conducted on the implementations of the algorithms are presented.


The Daba Mountain, a unique convex-southern bow-like folding belt in NWW-SEE striking Qinling Orogen, is obviously uncoordinated with the Qinling orogenic belt in tectonic characteristics. Researches indicate that the Dabashan bow-like folding belt was formed during late Jurassic and superposed on Triassic folds, and hence it does not belong to Qinling Triassic Orogen. The new evidence reveals that the intra-continent subduction in Dabieshan, Dabashan and other places in central China occurred in Late Jurassic. TheⅠtype superposed folding and deformation was developed on the western side of Daba Mountain with a crossing interference style, in which nearly NS-striking Jurassic folds were superposed on nearly EW-striking Triassic folds. On such a basis, Jurassic foreland can be reconstructed along the bow-like folding belt in the Daba Mountain. The authors believe that the Jurassic intra-continent orogenic movement was an extensive event in eastern China, even in eastern Asia.


Dr. Croone told me, that at the meeting of Gresham College tonight, which it seems they now have every Wednesday, there was a pretty experiment of the blood of one dog let out till he died, into the body of another on one side, while all his own run out on the other side. The first died upon the place, and the other very well and likely to do well. This did give occasion to many pretty wishes, as of the blood of a Quaker to be let into an Archbishop, and such like; but, as Dr. Croone says, may, if it takes, be of mighty use to man's health, for the amending of bad blood by borrowing from a better body.


In this chapter, we present two applications which have been created in our effort to show-case our findings to the academic community and the general public. Flu Detector uses the methodology presented in Chapter 5 to infer influeza-like illness rates in several UK regions. Mood of the Nation is an application of a mood scoring method (MFMS) presented in Chapter 6 and displays the levels of four types of emotion (anger, fear, joy and sadness) for the same set of UK regions. Parts in this chapter are based on our publication " Flu Detector – Tracking epidemics on Twitter " [93]. 1 1 Note that since this chapter is short, self-consistent and does not introduce new theory, a summary at the end was considered as redundant and hence, it has been skipped.


This book is a reworked thesis which was defended at the Sorbonne University in 2012. The hardcopy comes without appendices but these can be downloaded for free from the publisher's site. In this work, the author intends to reposition the thought of the legal humanist Jacques Cujas (1522–90) within the context of sixteenth-century legal humanism (14). He aims to do so by a systematic study of the jurist's' entire work (12). This very ambitious project has resulted in a book divided into three parts: (i) a prolegomena which provides Cujas' biography and bibliography, (ii) a part which discusses Cujas' humanist approach to law, and (iii) the final part of the book which focuses on the practical dimensions of Cujas' legal writings. Central to the book are two issues. First, the author intends to investigate to what extent Cujas' approach to law differed from that of his medieval predecessors. Though the long-held view that humanist scholarship presented a fundamental breach with medieval scholarship has already been dismissed as oversimplified, the author nevertheless sees its refutation as the main purpose of his book (10). He wishes to nuance the simplified dichotomy between medieval and humanist scholarship which incessantly repeats itself in today's reference books (11). Second, the author assesses the practical character of Cujas' work. Indeed, humanist legal scholarship has always been shrouded in mystery when it comes to its influence on legal practice in particular. It is difficult to demonstrate the degree to which humanist scholarship had a formative impact on how justice was distributed in court. Some scholars contend that such influence was absent. The humanists' ivory-tower erudition was no more than a pedantic display of knowledge which did not have any bearing on what happened in the real world. Others propose a more nuanced view, arguing that it was not so much its direct influence on decision-making as its different mode of reasoning by which humanist scholarship thoroughly changed the way law was perceived and applied. This book goes somewhat further. In addition to the view that humanist


In this paper we analyze joint attention between a robot that presents features of its surroundings and its human audience. In a statistical analysis of hand-coded video data, we find that the robot's physical indications lead to a greater attentional coherence between robot and humans than do its verbal indications.We also find that aspects of how the tour group participants look at robot-indicated objects, including when they look and how long they look, can provide statistically significant correlations with their self-reported engagement scores of the presentations. Higher engagement would suggest a greater degree of interest in, and attention to, the material presented. These findings will seed future gaze tracking systems that will enable robots to estimate listeners' state. By tracking audience gaze, our goal is to enable robots to cater the type of content and manner of its presentation to the preferences or educational goals of a particular crowd, e.g. in a tour guide, classroom or entertainment setting.


Language constructs for definition and use of abstract data types ease the design and maintenance of large programs. This paper describes the C class concept, an extension to the C language providing such constructs. A class is defined using standard C data types and functions, and it can itself be used as a building block for new classes. A class provides a way of restricting access to a data structure to a specific set of functions associated with it, without incurring significant overheads at compile time or at run time.The C class concept is introduced by small examples of its use, and familiarity with the C language [2] is assumed. Appendix A is a complete small C program using classes.Classes have been in use for more than a year on a dozen PDP11 and VAX UNIX systems [1], and they are currently used for a diverse set of projects on more than 30 systems. Classes are currently implemented by an intermediate pass of the cc compiler, called the class pre-processor, which is invoked when the directive #class is found in a C source file. The class pre-processor is easily ported to a system with a version of the portable C compiler. A Motorola68000 version is in use.


We prove the existence and uniqueness of classical solutions for a quasilinear delay integrodifferential equation in Banach spaces. The result is established by using the semigroup theory and the Banachxed point theorem.


Marriott International, Inc. is a global hospitality company founded in 1927. From the years 2016-2019, revenue had been increasing for Marriott. The increase in Marriott's revenue during these years was due to the additions of new properties across the world, including the acquisition of Starwood Hotels & Resorts Worldwide in 2016. From 2019 to 2020, revenue decreased 49.6%. Much of the decrease in revenue is due to the effects of COVID-19. The pandemic has had an unprecedented impact on Marriott, and on the travel and hospitality industries in general. Net income for Marriott declined 121% for 2020. Temporary hotel closures, lower travel and hotel demand, and COVID-19 restrictions were factors in the decline of net income. Marriott has also increased its debt significantly. From 2019 to 2020, issuance of long-term debt increased 159.4% and repayment of debt increased 126%. Marriott borrowed the maximum amount of $4.5 billion under its credit facility during 2020 in an effort to maintain its liquidity. Before 2020, Marriott had repurchased large amounts of Treasury stock. In 2020, Marriott repurchased only 1 million shares of its common stock. Marriott paid a $0.48-per-share dividend in 2020. Following this, Marriott made the decision to suspend dividend payments and stock repurchases until market conditions improve. Marriott's cash flows have been used to pay off debt, pay dividends, and purchase Treasury stock. The issuance of long-term debt made up 65.1% of inflows for Marriott during 2020. Payments on commercial paper and the credit facility net accounted for 47.4% of outflows, and repayment of long-term debt accounted for 39.1% of outflows. This report will present a financial statement analysis of Marriott International for the years 2016 through 2020. The report will describe the background of the company and will analyze the income statement, balance sheet, and the statement of cash flows. Additionally, a company SWOT will be presented. The report uses data and


This study presents a critical legal ethnography of Pakistani khwajasara, located at the very periphery of international law yet at the centre of global legal crisis. Khwajasara, known elsewhere as hijra, are Pakistani gender variant subject position, whose cultural memory and historical roots run deep into the region's Mughal past (and beyond). This piece attempts to recount their long-lasting legal and political battle with Pakistani judicial system, against a backdrop of an important episode in their struggle – a 23 December 2009 judgment of the Supreme Court of Pakistan's Chief Justice granting them a 'third gender' status on their respective identification cards – which is yet to be implemented. One of the paradigmatic facets of khwajasara, analysed here primarily as a political movement rather than an essentialised identitary script, is their decidedly counter-hegemonic approach, which has consistently declined even strategic co-operation with international legal (human rights) mechanisms, global (northern) LGBT movement, international organisations and even some instances of national governmental or civil society structures. This piece interrogates their radical politics of periphery as a phenomenon indicative of the limits of global governance project, inscribed in its insurmountable liberal and imperial nature. It calls for re-centring of resistance movements around the politics of non-participation, including in domestic legal battles.


In the loan business, the bank needs to conduct credit assessment on customers to reduce the loan risk. How to assess personal credit has become a problem which is worth studying. In the traditional credit assessment methods, logistic regression, decision tree, random forest, and other methods were often used to conduct credit assessment for individuals. In recent years, a new machine learning method, LightGBM [1] has also been used in credit assessment and achieved good results. In the models mentioned above, the problem of sparse categorical features and dense numerical features of the credit assessment data set is not solved yet. DeepGBM[2] proposed by Guolin Ke, Zhenhui Xu* and Jia Zhang can solve the problem of credit assessment data set very well. Therefore, our research adopted the latest deep learning framework DeepGBM. The deep learning framework of DeepGBM consists of two parts, CatNN, and GBDT2NN, which are used to deal with sparse categorical features and dense numerical features, respectively. This paper used a data set from Kaggle: Home Credit Default Risk. We had conducted several different experimental methods on this data set. The final results of these experiments demonstrate that the performance of DeepGBM is better than other models.


Extra-articular features are common in ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and in psoriatic arthritis PsA. Cardiac involvement are less frequent but may be severe. The anterior chest wall pain and sterno-costal arthritis can lead to reduced chest expansion, which may contribute to the progression of cardiopulmonary manifestations. We aimed to assess the response of the pulmonary circulation unit during stress in AS and PsA patients.A total of 71 patients were enrolled in the study: 28 of them had AS (age 50.8±11.8 years), 17 APs (age 52.1±13.5 years), and 26 were healthy individuals (age 54.23±9.9 years). 74,1 % of AS patient, 11,1 % of PsA patient had ankylosis at the time of assessment. To the maximally tolerated workload, all subjects underwent resting and exercise stress echocardiography on a supine bicycle ergometer. Echocardiographic measurements were taken at rest, at 50 watts workload, and at maximal exercise.AS patients had significantly higher pulmonary artery systolic pressure (PASP; AS: 32.6±16.8 mmHg, APs: 21.6±12.7 mmHg, p<0.05) and pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR; AS: 1.3±0.4 WU, PsA: 1.1±0.3 WU, p<0.05) at maximal workload, while the right ventricular-pulmonary arterial (RV-PA) coupling at peak stress was higher in APs patients (AS: 1.2±0.6 mm/mmHg, PsA: 1.8±1.1 mm/mmHg, p<0.05). Comparing to the control group, AS and PsA patients had significantly higher resting PASP (control: 12.6±6.4 mmHg; AS: 22.8±7.6 mmHg, p<0.001; PsA: 21.4±7.0 mmHg, p<0.001), lower resting RV-PA coupling (control: 2.7±1.4 mm/mmHg; AS: 1.3±0.4, p<0.001; PsA 1.3±0.4 mm/mmHg, p<0.001), and higher peak PVR (control: 0.6±0.4 WU; AS: 1.3±0.4, p<0.001; PsA: 1.1±0.3 WU, p<0.005). One-way analysis of variance of the three groups also showed significant differences in the resting PASP (p<0.001), peak PASP (p<0.05), resting RV-PA coupling (p<0.001), peak PVR (p<0.001). At maximal workload, the AS patient had higher E/e' in ankylosing group.Stress echocardiography is a promising, radiation-free method for assessing the subclinical cardiopulmonary changes among AS and PsA patients. The changes of PVR during stress may highlight the pulmonary complications in the subclinical stage. Higher E/e' in ankylosing group can refer to the influence of ankylosis on the left ventricular filling.NIL.NIL.None Declared.


Narrative about a white man named Robertson who lived in the Nemaiah Valley, British Columbia, given in the Chilcotin (Tsilhqot'in) language. Includes conversation in English. Recorded at Nemaiah Creek Valley, British Columbia on 3 October 1992.


Volvo's final assembly plant in Uddevalla (in operation 1987-93) and the older plant in Kalmar (1974-93) were both important symbols for human-centred production in one of the world's most mature and demanding industrial branches, namely the international motor vehicle industry. Uddevalla was perhaps the most advanced result of a more than thirty-years-long Scandinavian tradition of job redesign stressing autonomous groups and longer work cycles. When Volvo in 1992 decided to close down the plants in Kalmar and Uddevalla, it consequently led to a reinforced public and scholarly debate on both performances and feasible models for future organizing of production and work in manufacturing industries.


The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between training and development with organizational effectiveness. The research data is collected by developing questionnaire, the research is of qualitative method which tends to address the quality of things in a depth rather than numerical data about the questionnaire , its composed of two parts, the first one interested in collecting personal data, which the second section is shining light on the areas of (training, development and organization effectiveness) the sample were both male and female The researcher had collected the data at private universities by using a random sample , 120 questioners were delivered to different levels of employee at private universities and 102 of them responded to it , the analysis was undertaken by using SPSS. In this study, the researchers tried to shine a light on the training and development and how they can affect effectiveness of an organization for which the researchers decided to choose private universities to distribute my questionnaire and receiving them after they have filled it. the first research question that the researchers have found there is relationship between training and development and also the second research question that the researchers have found that there a direct impact of development programs on the organizational effectiveness and its progress and development is essential for an effective organization.


This research aims to explore English language attrition experienced by students of Nan Chong Open University. The main purpose of this research is to examine whether students undergo attrition during a two-month break from English language instruction. Through empirical study, this research attempts to arrive at propositions which account for the language attrition that takes place among the EFL, students in China so that the attrition problem might be shed light on and alleviated.


Acknowledgments1. Introduction2. Definitions and Prevalence3. Heterosexism4. Assessment5. Practice with Individuals6. Treatment Related to Specific Drugs7. Issues Related to Specific Age Groups8. Issues Related to Diversity9. Intervention Models10. Practice with Couples and Families11. Conclusions About Practice12. Case Study: A Lesbian Couple with a Substance Use Disorder13. Ethical and Legal Issues14. Policy and Legislative Issues15. The Future of the FieldReferencesIndex


Sixty Landrace × Large White gilts were allocated at random to one of three treatments. Treatment A gilts were fed 16 mg allyl-trenbolone once a day for 18 days. Treatment B gilts were fed 20 mg allyl-trenbolone per day for 18 days. Treatment C gilts were controls. The gilts were allocated to treatment at 111·3 ± 1·91 kg live weight, moved to a pen with individual feeders and put into groups of four gilts to a pen with a sexually mature boar in the adjacent pen. Treatment A and B gilts were tested for heat with a boar for 20 min each day beginning on the day after the last allyl-trenbolone feed. Treatment C gilts were tested with a boar in the same way after allocation. The time from the last allyl-trenbolone feed to oestrus for treatments A and B was 7·05 ± 0·44 and 8·4 ± 0·49 days. The time from the beginning of heat detection to oestrus for group C gilts was 22·4 ± 4·5 days. At oestrus, all gilts were mated twice on successive days with a fertile boar. The mean litter size at farrowing for treatment A was 9·1 ± 0·62; B, 11·2 ± 0·75 and C, 9·3 ± 0·65 piglets born alive ( P


We present for the first time the nonlinear diffeomorphism in the Randall Sundrum model that can keep the effective Lagrangian invariant in any order of expansion. We show that the diffeomorphism shapes the interaction structure in an exact AdS$_5$ space. However the stabilization of radius via Goldberger-Wise mechanism will spontaneously break the fifth dimensional diffeomorphism. The nonlinear property of diffeomorphism also ensures a unique radion field even in the extension of RS model with intermediate branes.


Job satisfaction in this study is the feelings and reactions of individuals who appear in the form of a positive attitude towards their work. Theoretically, the emotional intelligence of the principal and the school environment will affect teacher job satisfaction. The problems in this study are as follows: 1) Is there an influence of the principal's emotional intelligence on the job satisfaction of teachers in State Vocational Schools in Sub District I Sambas Regency? 2) Is there any influence of the school environment on the job satisfaction of teachers of State Vocational Schools in Sambas Sub-District I? 3) Is there an influence between the principal's emotional intelligence and the school environment together on the job satisfaction of teachers of State Vocational Schools in Sub District I Sambas Regency? The purpose of this study was to reveal the influence of the principal's emotional intelligence on teacher job satisfaction, school environment on the work satisfaction of teachers and emotional and emotional intelligence and school environment together on the job satisfaction of teachers of Sub District I Sub District of Sambas Regency. This study uses a quantitative approach. The population in this study amounted to 89 teachers. While the sample used was 73 teachers. Data collection instruments in the form of questionnaires and data analysis using descriptive statistics and inferential statistics. The results of the study were: 1) the influence of the principal's emotional intelligence (X1) on teacher job satisfaction by 0.301 or 30%, 2) the influence of the school environment (X2) on teacher job satisfaction (β1) by 0.06 or 6%, 3) the influence of the principal's emotional intelligence (X1) and school environment (X2) together on teacher job satisfaction (Y) of 0.311 or 31%. The conclusion of this study: 1) emotional intelligence has a significant effect on teacher job satisfaction, 2) the school environment has a significant effect on teacher job satisfaction, and 3) the principal's emotional intelligence and school environment together have a significant effect on the job satisfaction of vocational teachers Negeri Sub Rayon I Sambas Regency. The recommendation given from the results of this study is that teachers need to reveal how to increase their job satisfaction so that they love their profession more.Job satisfaction in this study is the feelings and reactions of individuals who appear in the form of a positive attitude towards their work. Theoretically, the emotional intelligence of the principal and the school environment will affect teacher job satisfaction. The problems in this study are as follows: 1) Is there an influence of the principal's emotional intelligence on the job satisfaction of teachers in State Vocational Schools in Sub District I Sambas Regency? 2) Is there any influence of the school environment on the job satisfaction of teachers of State Vocational Schools in Sambas Sub-District I? 3) Is there an influence between the principal's emotional intelligence and the school environment together on the job satisfaction of teachers of State Vocational Schools in Sub District I Sambas Regency? The purpose of this study was to reveal the influence of the principal's emotional intelligence on teacher job satisfaction, school environment on the work satisfaction of teachers and emotional and emotional intelligence and school environment together on the job satisfaction of teachers of Sub District I Sub District of Sambas Regency. This study uses a quantitative approach. The population in this study amounted to 89 teachers. While the sample used was 73 teachers. Data collection instruments in the form of questionnaires and data analysis using descriptive statistics and inferential statistics. The results of the study were: 1) the influence of the principal's emotional intelligence (X1) on teacher job satisfaction by 0.301 or 30%, 2) the influence of the school environment (X2) on teacher job satisfaction (β1) by 0.06 or 6%, 3) the influence of the principal's emotional intelligence (X1) and school environment (X2) together on teacher job satisfaction (Y) of 0.311 or 31%. The conclusion of this study: 1) emotional intelligence has a significant effect on teacher job satisfaction, 2) the school environment has a significant effect on teacher job satisfaction, and 3) the principal's emotional intelligence and school environment together have a significant effect on the job satisfaction of vocational teachers Negeri Sub Rayon I Sambas Regency. The recommendation given from the results of this study is that teachers need to reveal how to increase their job satisfaction so that they love their profession more.


This volume reflects the psychologically relevant research on child abuse between 1990 and 1995 from many disciplines including social work, law, nursing, and clinical and experimental psychology. It examines long-term effects on victims as well as issues such as causes and prevention.


ABSTRACT The present study investigates the similarities and differences between professional and student interpreters in their use of self-repairs, in terms of form and motivation, and analyzes the impact of expertise on fluency. To this end, a retrospective interview-based Chinese-to-English consecutive interpreting experiment has been carried out, of which the results are as follows. First, both groups adopt repetition, restart, replacement, rephrasing and delayed repair as repair techniques. Second, repair of errors and appropriateness constitute major motivations for self-repair, and repair for output idiomaticity and repair due to errors in the original speech are also observed, enriching the classification of repair motivations in the C-E consecutive interpreting context. Third, in comparison with the student group, the professional interpreters pay more attention to semantic reproduction and are more proficient in syntactic structure conversion, leading to fewer syntactic error repairs and D-repairs in the professional group. The differences in repair models between the two groups can thus be attributed to their varying capabilities in processing syntactic structures and semantic representations.


tidal flow is crucial for the annual energy production estimation and structural design of MHK devices. • ADCP moving vessel deployments provide 3D velocity data in a large spatial region, but the data are degraded by various factors, e.g. Doppler noise, large sampling volume, beam divergence • Spatial and temporal averaging may improve data accuracy, but standard procedures are needed to quantify and correct errors 1. BACKGROUND ACCURACY OF SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL AVERAGING OF ACOUSTIC DOPPLER CURRENT PROFILER (ADCP) MOVING BOAT MEASUREMENTS Budi Gunawan1, Vincent S. Neary1, Craig Hill2 and Leonardo P. Chamorro2 1 Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831; 2 St. Anthony Falls Laboratory, Minneapolis, MN 55414


A case of Whipple's disease occurring in a 63‐year‐old woman is reported. Cervical lymphadenopathy and vague constitutional symptoms were soon followed by diarrhea and weight loss. Supraclavicular lymph node exeresis suggested the initial diagnosis, which was confirmed by intestinal biopsy. The concurrence of cystic spaces, PAS‐positive foamy histiocytes and epithelioid granulomas is considered by the authors to provide a useful histological clue in the diagnosis of lymph node involvement in Whipple's disease. Pathologists must be aware of such an un‐conventional presentation of this rare entity and therefore include it within the differential diagnosis of cervical and/or axillary lymphadenopathies.


Blueberry shoestring virus (BBSSV) was monitored in late instars of Illinoia pepperi by dot-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, a silver-enhanced colloidal gold immunosorbent assay, and dot-hybridization. Aphids acquired BBSSV antigen and BBSSV RNA at a rapid rate during the initial 24-h acquisition access period (AAP) from Parafilm sachets containing purified BBSSV, but the acquisition rate leveled off and declined thereafter during subsequent AAPs at intervals of up to 96 h (...)


The present invention relates to the catalytic poly merization of olefins in the vapour phase and relates more particularly to the low pressure polymerization of normally gaseous olefins to form liquid products boiling in the gasoline range. In the refining of petroleum oils large quantities of hydrocarbon gases are produced, e.g., by cracking proc esses, which contain substantial amounts of olefins. In general the olefins are predominantly propylene and bu tylenes and by their controlled polymerization there may may be produce higher olefins boiling in the gasoline range. Such polymers may be used as such or after hydrogenation as a high octane gasoline blending stock. Several methods are known for effecting such poly merization, both catalytic and non-catalytic. The non catalytic processes operate under elevated temperatures and pressures of the order of 1,000 lbs./sq. in. Many different catalysts have been proposed for use in the cat alytic processes ranging from adsorbents such as acti vated clay, through mineral acids such as phosphoric and sulphuric acids to Friedel-Crafts type catalysts exempli fied by the halides of aluminium and boron. The most commonly used catalysts for the so-called non-selective polymerization of unsaturated refinery gases to gasoline products are of the phosphoric acid type. The Friedel Crafts catalysts are more active in their action and are used mainly for polymerization to higher products in the lubricating oil range, with or without simultaneous alkyla tion or arylation of the product. In general such polymerization reactions are carried out in so-called liquid phase and, therefore, under a suitably high pressure, the maintenance of which adds significantly to the cost of the process. It is an object of the present invention to provide a process whereby high yields of hydrocarbons boiling in the gasoline range may be produced by catalytic poly merization of normally gaseous olefins in the vapour phase and at relatively low temperatures and pressures. The halides of boron, notably boron fluoride, are in trinsically attractive catalysts for such a process, but pos sess marked disadvantages arising from the fact that they are gases. Thus it is necessary to inject the catalyst in the gaseous state into the reaction zone which compli cates control of the reaction to give optimum yields of products boiling in the desired range. Furthermore, ex cess catalyst is carried out with the liquid product which means that either polymerization will continue to give undesirable higher polymers, or that the excess catalyst must be hydrolysed to make it inactive with consequent WaSte. It is accordingly a further object of the invention to provide an improved boron halide catalyst and polymer ization process employing it, whereby good yields of gaso line hydrocarbons may be obtained from normally gaseous olefins with a low consumption of catalyst and simplified reaction control. The reaction conditions of the process of the present invention involve temperatures of from 0 C. to 200 C. 10


In the present research, a series of mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) consisting of 6FDA-durene as polyimide phase and ZIF-8 as inorganic filler were synthesized and characterized. The loading of ZIF-8 in the polyimide phase were varied from 5 to 20 wt%. The structural properties of the resultant membranes were studied using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) and Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX) Spectroscopy. The characterization results showed that excellent compatibility and good distribution of ZIF-8 in 6FDA-durene polyimide phase were observed even at higher ZIF-8 loading up to 20 wt%


The Interprofessional Education Collaborative (IPEC) formed in 2009 provided significant guidance to advance interprofessional collaboration in its publication of the IPEC competencies in 2011, which described Four Domains and associated competencies to address interprofessional education and practice. Its updated publication in 2016 included public health and the care of populations and clarified its intent that interprofessional collaboration is the overarching theme of the now renamed 4 Core Domains to 4 Core Competencies. The article examines the literature that correlates with the sub competency statements represented within Core Competency 4: Teams and Teamwork (TT) to identify the underpinnings that support their fulfillment. The TT core statement is broad: "Apply relationship-building values and the principles of team dynamics to perform effectively in different team roles…". There is also considerable overlap between the sub-competency statements. Though the existing literature describes structural characteristics and behavioral elements of good functioning teams, the repertoire is not collectively accessible and assimilated into a whole, but is fragmented, embedded in multiple sources. The article integrates and assembles the qualities of teams and team-members likely to be successful while getting underneath the competency statements to identify the mechanisms and dispositions that drive those competencies. The exploration begins with the structural components of teams and then proceeds to key attributes of teams and team members. The article provides a nexus to correlate IPEC's TT's sub-competencies to yield favorable team functioning from which academic institutions, and health care professionals might enrich their knowledge about what works.


In order to reduce operating cost, there is a growing trend that more and more ships of different kinds are using low quality fuel (heavy fuel) for their diesel engines; this paper thus analyzes and studies the appropriate arrangement of oil supply unit during fuel oil system design, such as whether the main engine and the auxiliary engine should share the unit or use separate ones, based different working conditions and requirements during operation.


The pork cutlets containing different concentrations of dried ginseng powder (1%, 2% and 3%) were manufactured and compared the physico-chemical and sensorial properties with control containing no dried ginseng powder. The color(CIE, L, a, b) values were not significantly different between the treatments and control. The TBA values were lower for pork cutlet containing dried ginseng powder than those for control at the beginning stage (5 days) when they were vacuum packaged and stored at 4℃ or 15days, however, there were not significantly different ater 5 dyas of storage. The TBA values were remained low level (<0.5㎎ malonaldehyde/㎏ sample) when the pork cutlets were vacuum packaged and stored at -20℃ for 90 days. In fatty acid composition, pork cutlet containing dried ginseng powder contained higher ratios of PUFA/SFA and lower ratios of MUFA/SFA when compared to those of control. Sensory panels evaluated that pork cutlet containing 1% of dried ginseng powder had the highest preference scores in flavor and overall palatability.


Coastal boulders are good evidence of high-energy events. Mathematical models are used to predict the magnitude of high-energy events from their boulders but the models are still in their preliminary stages. In a pioneering contribution, Nott (1997 and 2003) developed hydrodynamic equations to assess the minimum wave height required to initiate transport of a coastal boulder by tsunamis or storm surges. These equations are widely cited and used, but they can be improved. In this study, Nott's equations were revised. Boulder transport histogram was then introduced to predict the possible initial transport mode of a boulder from the flow velocity. These theoretical results were compared to field data, thus suggesting the initial transport mode of boulders and their pre-transport locations. Few studies have been conducted on modeling boulder transport by tsunamis despite the considerable research output on the analysis of boulder deposits. A detail description of derivation of governing equations for boulder transport in submerged, partially submerged, and subaerial (not in fluid contact) was presented and then a numerical model was proposed to solve the governing equations in one dimension. The model was validated by a well-controlled experimental study.


The modelling of the Thermally Pulsing Asymptotic Giant Branch (TP-AGB) phase is crucial for our understanding of galaxy evolution and for the derivation of basic galaxy properties, i.e. mass and age, up to high redshift. Despite its importance, this evolutionary phase is still affected by large uncertainties. The aim of this Thesis is to provide a starting point for extending the calibration of the latest TP-AGB models from Marigo and Girardi (2007) and Marigo et al. (2013) on the basis of the complete census of AGB stars in the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC; Boyer et al., 2011). For this purpose, taking advantage of the spatially-resolved Star Formation History (SFH) of the SMC derived by Rubele et al. (2015), the population synthesis code TRILEGAL has been used to simulate the infrared photometry of the SMC. The resulting TP-AGB star counts, color-magnitude diagrams (CMDs), luminosity functions and color histograms have been analyzed and compared with their observed counterparts, in order to provide preliminary indications about the calibration of the key parameters of the TP-AGB evolution, i.e. stellar lifetimes, efficiencies of the third dredge-up and mass loss, dust production. Two sets of evolutionary tracks have been tested (Girardi et al., 2010; Marigo et al., 2013), as well as several circumstellar dust bolometric corrections based on models from Groenewegen (2006), Bressan et al. (1998) and Nanni et al. (2013; in prep.). In addition, the latest libraries of Cand M-star spectra have been used (Aringer et al. 2009; in prep.). This exploratory analysis shows that the observed TP-AGB star counts, the magnitude intervals and the average shapes of the luminosity functions, as well as the morphology of the observed CMDs, are better reproduced adopting the Marigo et al. (2013) evolutionary tracks. However, from the data-models comparison, some discrepancies have come to light. Although it is necessary to further investigate the nature of these discrepancies, these preliminary results suggest that: (i) the mass-loss efficiency of the most massive TP-AGB stars, experiencing the Hot Bottom Burning, should be increased, (ii) the formation of C-AGB stars needs to be made more efficient and/or the mass loss during this phase should be somewhat reduced, (iii) some prescriptions used in modelling the dust effects should be revised in order to accurately reproduce the most reddened TP-AGB stars.


Upper Cretaceous to Eocene marine sedimentary sequences of the Yarlung‐Tsangpo Suture Zone (YTSZ) provide critical constraints on the initial process of the India–Asia continental collision and the closure time of the Neo‐Tethyan Ocean. New sedimentological, petrographic, biochronological and detrital zircon age data of Cretaceous–Palaeogene strata from the southern margin of the YTSZ are reported in this study. Detrital zircons from the Lower Cretaceous Gyabula Formation are dominated by Archean to Cambrian U–Pb ages, indicating a likely source originating from the Indian continent. In contrast, zircon ages from the Palaeogene Jiachala Formation are predominantly younger than 200 Ma, with a major peak of ca. 76–187 Ma, which is consistent with a source from either an intra‐oceanic island arc system or the Asian continent. Sixty species of radiolarian fossils obtained from the Gyabula, Zongzhuo and Jiachala Formations provide a regional correlation with the Cretaceous Tethyan realm and Palaeogene low‐latitude biozonation schemes based on the Unitary Association method. The Palaeogene radiolarian zonation UAZ JP10 identified in the Jiachala Formation, when combined with existing absolute age models derived from the Deep Sea Drilling Project and Ocean Drilling Program, indicates an age of ca. 61.8–61.1 Ma. Integration of the biochronological and detrital zircon age data suggests that major changes in provenance occurred at the Indian continental margin, allowing an important timing constraint on the onset of collision to be placed no later than the Danian at ca, 61.8 Ma. This study highlights the significance of focusing on distinct sedimentary sequences in collisional orogens to reconstruct the timing and processes of continental collision events.


Abstract Extended isothermal equilibration tests at 75°F (=24°C) and 94°F (=34°C) were conducted on a 1988 General Motors (GM) Corsica fuel system in a sealed housing for evaporative determination (SHED) using pure methanol fuel (M100). An initial condition of evaporation canister breakthrough loading was chosen to avoid hysteresis effects, and assure experimental repeatability. Hot Flame Ion Detection (HFID) analysis of air samples from the SHED were performed during 6‐hour experiments. The concentration of methanol was found to increase continually over the duration of the experiments, but at less than a linear rate. A temperature dependent model was developed assuming that evaporation rate is proportional to a finite mass of fuel available for evaporation and diffusion from the fuel system. This study suggests that the hot soak emissions process, with concurrent thermal and non‐equilibrated fuel system vapor concentration gradients, is unlikely to stabilize within a nominal one hour period.


From the abundant list of active foreigners artists in Spain between mid eighteen century and the first decades of nineteen century excels, in the field of Western Andalusia, the French Miguel Verdiguier (1706-1796), sculptor, great master of the baroque of Italian orientation who founded in 1753 the Painting and Sculpture Academy of Marseilles. Years later he appears in Cordova, working for his cathedral chapter and works of the bishopric, with orders in some localities of the province, Luque case, for whose church of the Jesus Nazareno´s Hospital designed in 1776 the altarpiece that presides over its main altar. The documentation consulted in the Hospital´s patronal archive confirms the authorship and other pieces of date in reference to his work.


Obituaries usually have a sad touch and are imbued with feelings of loss and a sense of grieving. We therefore decided to devote this publication as a memorial dedication, to avoid the inevitable sense of loss and associated gloom, and instead attempt a celebration of Joe Leach's productive life and his immense contributions to Great Lakes science. I knew Joe for more than 40 years, from the time when he used to work for the Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources (OMNR) in Wheatley. We used to visit his lab during our trips to sample the algal blooms of Western Lake Erie. Although he retired from OMNR in early 1996, our connection was not affected. Joe continued to be in touch through various activities of the Aquatic Ecosystem Health & Management Society (AEHMS) from 1989 until 2019. He was our regular and prompt editorial advisory board member, reviewing many Great Lakes papers, especially on Lake Erie. The AEHMS celebrated his career by convening a special symposium in collaboration with Gary Sprules during the 39th International Association for Great Lakes Research (IAGLR) conference at the University of Toronto, Canada. This symposium resulted in the publication of a book "State of Lake Erie: Past, present and future" (SOLE) (Munawar et al. (Eds.), 1999). It contained a preface by renowned scientist Jack Vallentyne (1999) and Joe's impressive biography (Nepszy, 1999), covering his educational and research training from the University of Toronto in 1954, University of Guelph in 1956 and finally his Ph.D. from the University of Aberdeen in 1969. The SOLE book also contained a well-written article by Joe on Lake Erie (Leach, 1999). We took the opportunity of organizing another celebratory party during IAGLR, 2009 in Toledo, when Joe was honoured with a Lifetime Achievement award. His later years were then engrossed in research and advisory roles on the Great Lakes, AEHMS and especially Lake Erie health. Dr. Leach's Great Lakes contributions include a long list of topics. His pioneering work, in collaboration with Dr. Edward Mills, Hugh MacIsaac and Gary Sprules (MacIsaac, 1991, 1992; Mills et al., 1993) investigated the threats of exotic species (Zebra Mussels) in the Great Lakes and was noteworthy in this regard (Leach, 1991; Mills et al., 1994). For additional reading on Joe's pioneering publications on exotic species (Zebra Mussels) in the Great Lakes from 1991–1999, see Neary and Leach (1992), Wormington and Leach (1992), Martel et al. (1994), Fitzsimons et al. (1995), and MacIsaac et al. (1995; 1999). One of his papers discussing exotics in the Great Lakes was the most cited article in IAGLR (614 times). It is difficult to cover all the extensive activities in which Joe was involved, but a few are highlighted here to convey the breadth of his knowledge:


Aims: Untreated or inappropriately managed hypertension (HTN) is a significant risk factor for all-cause morbidity and mortality due to its complications. For proper management of HTN, timely diagnosis and classification into appropriate category is crucial. According to hypertensive class category, pharmacological therapy can be initiated according to the national or international guidelines. Various antihypertensive medications have differential effects on peripheral and central arterial parameters. Our study was aimed at comparing the effects of two classes of antihypertensive drugs, i.e., angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) and calcium channel blockers (CCBs). Materials and Methods: Hypertensive patients on monotherapy – ARBs (Group 1, n = 35) and CCBs (Group 2, n = 35) – over the age of 18 years, belonging to both genders, were recruited. Results: Heart rate and peripheral and central arterial pressures were lower in Group 2 compared to Group 1; ankle brachial index and carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity were less in Group 1 in comparison with Group 2; but these differences were statistically not significant. Conclusions: We conclude that the two groups of drugs were equally effective in blood pressure reduction, both in central and peripheral arteries.


The evolutionary multi-task optimization algorithm (EMT) enhances the algorithm's performance through information interaction. However, few studies can be found in the current literature utilizing reference points for knowledge transfer. This paper proposes a reference point-assisted explicit multi-objective evolutionary multi-task algorithm (MOEMT-RPA), in which the reference point method is utilized to measure the similarity of optimal solutions. The similarity of tasks is reflected in the number of repetitions of the reference point associated with optimal individuals in different tasks. Compared with advanced comparison algorithms based on the indicators of IGD value and HV value, the experiment on CEC2017 evolutionary multi-task optimization competition benchmarks verified the performance of MOEMT-RPA.


Abstract. Poplar shoots (Populus euramericana L.) obtained from cuttings were exposed for 6 or 8 weeks to NH3 concentrations of 50 and 100 μgm−3 or filtered air in fumigation chambers. After this exposure the rates of NH3 uptake, transpiration, CO2 assimilation and respiration of leaves were measured using a leaf chamber. During the long-term exposure also modulated chlorophyll fluorescence measurements were carried out to obtain information about the photosynthetic performance of individual leaves. Both fluorescence and leaf chamber measurements showed a higher photosynthetic activity of leaves exposed to 100 μg NH3 m−3. These leaves showed also a larger leaf conductance and a larger uptake rate of NH3 than leaves exposed to 50 μg m−3 NH3 or filtered air. The long-term NH3 exposure did not induce an internal resistance against NH3 transport in the leaf, nor did it affect the leaf cuticle. So, not only at a short time exposure, but also at a long-term exposure NH3 uptake into leaves can be calculated from data on the boundary layer and stomatal resistance for H2O and ambient NH3-concentration. Furthermore, the NH3 exposure had no effect on the relation between CO2-assimilation and stomatal conductance, indicating that NH3 in concentrations up to 100 μg m−3 has no direct effect on stomatal behaviour; for example, by affecting the guard or contiguous cells of the stomata.


A variety of Machine Learning (ML) applications involve data of privacy-sensitive content. Face recognizer is one of them which due to training by user identities face images, it is inherent to user face image as a critical biometric data. A face recognition system can be subject to privacy attacks even though it deploys a complex model structure like a deeplearning-based one. Because as the ML models advance to carry more complexity in structure and parameters, the privacy attack trends develop too. Model Inversion Attack (MIA) pioneered by Fredrikson et al [1] was applied on a shallow neural network of face recognizer, and its capability of privacy leakage was approved. Their work was on a white-box scenario wherein besides the model structure, the privacy-non-sensitive data of the users are partially available and used by the attacker for generation and leakage of the user identity face images. The present work improves the extension of MIA to deep learning models of face recognizers while performing without any data of the users. Despite the complexity of the deep models as an obstacle, this work improves the capability of MIA in this matter. To aim this goal, it initializes its training procedure by a seed image approved by a GAN-trained discriminator of face image data-space via its output probability value. In targeting two users' identities by MIA, the proposed technique approves its efficiency on a deep face recognition system. The recognition rates of the images generated by MIA associated with GAN data-space discriminator (GAN-DD) are higher than sole MIA and demonstrate efficiency improvement of deep MIA.


Abstract Optical networks were invented by the developing and developed nations in order to extend the capacity required for communication systems in a worthwhile way. In this paper, the attempt is done to improve the capacity and performance of semiconductor optical amplifier, Raman and erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA) amplifiers used in optical networks. The potential of different optical amplifiers operating at 8×10 Gbps has been examined and their performance was compared on behalf of different parameters, viz. eye opening, eye closure, jitter, quality factor and transmission distances. It was observed that EDFA provided the consistent good quality of communication for long-distance transmission up to 150 km along with better eye opening and eye closure with acceptable jitter performance. Further, it is observed on the basis of quality factor and bit error rate that EDFA gives comparably better performance than Raman amplifier. Moreover, it is seen that as the data rate of the system increases, the quality of communication signals starts decreasing.


In recent times, a trend of building mini-mills with a capacity of 1 – 2 million tons of steel per year has been observed in the metallurgical industry, where the problem of electricity quality is particularly acute, due to the emergence of resonance phenomena, due to the interaction of the distributed capacity of long cable distribution networks of average voltage of 6–35 kV with the frequency region of higher harmonics generated by modern frequency converters with an active rectifier. In this regard, the analysis of existing configurations of internal power supply systems at various metallurgical enterprises are relevant tasks, namely, a large metallurgical plant and a metallurgical mini-mill; study of various ways to eliminate resonances of currents in the frequency response of the supply network, as well as strong distortions of the study of various ways to ensure electromagnetic compatibility of powerful frequency converters with active rectifiers in the presence of currents resonances in the frequency response of the supply network; development and recommendation to use a specialized correction filter in order to ensure the shift of currents resonances to the safe region of frequency response of 10 kV, where there is lack of significant harmonics in power converters.


The aim of this paper is to give a certain algebraic account of truth: we want to define what we mean by De Morgan-valued truth models and show their existence even in the case of semantical closure : that is, languages may contain their own truth predicate if they are interpreted by De Morgan-valued models. Before we can prove this result, we have to repeat some basic facts concerning De Morgan-valued models in general, and we will introduce a notion of truth both on the object- and on the metalanguage level appropriate for such models. The definitions and the existence theorem are extensions of Kripke's, Woodruff's, and Visser's concepts and results concerning three- and four-valued truth models.


N A Dyson London: Longman 1973 pp xiii + 380 price £8 This attractive volume collates a wide range of descriptions of x ray processes and apparatus, relevant theory and most useful data. It contains much undergraduate material but nevertheless could well become the standard introductory text for research workers in a variety of fields involving xrays including radioactivity, astrophysics and plasma physics.