The invention discloses a method of useing the slag in the steel smelting furnace in grade. During the process of smelting the steel, return the later slag to the former steps and add or don't add the modifying agent to it according to the difference of the slag and the quantity of the modifying agent is 0 to 20% of the slag. The application method can realize the effective use of the slag making materials in the steel industry; reduces the quantity discharged of the slag and environmental protection, energy saving.


—1. The effect of pentamethylene tetrazole (PTZ) or metrazol on rat brain phosphorylase (E.C.22.214.171.124.) was studied in vitro. The inhibitory action of PTZ was dependent on its concentration, being most marked in about 4 mM concentration. The inhibitory effect could be reversed to a great extent by inclusion of 5'AMP in the preincubation mixture. GMP, UMP and pyridoxal phosphate had no protective action under similar conditions.


Design complexity sometimes grows faster than EDA tools performances, and some innovation should be made on the design flow to guarantee the best possible validation in a reasonable time. This was the challenge we were facing for the final layout validation of a 3 billions transistors, multi cores chip designed for a 28nm process. The design backend validation requires multiple tools: the LVS to check connectivity, the DRC to check layout rules and the ERC to check any risk of power drop among the whole chip. While the 2 first tools are able to deal with huge designs by using hierarchical approaches, Electrical Rule Checking is much more complicated as the power routing is generally made flat at the top level of the chip. The classical ERC tools were not able to validate the power distribution at top level. The power distribution was made through a power grid using two metal layers and arrays of vias to connect each block at deeper metal layers. The chip is made of 256 processors and has a quite regular structure so that each module has it own power grid with the same pitch and every thing should be butting or properly connected at top level. It has then been decided to use a very efficient tool dedicated to geometrical verification of flat designs (typically a Mask Rule Checker) to check any interruption on power lines or missing vias in arrays. This paper will describe how this validation was performed as well as the performances obtained on a 28nm, 3 billions transistors design.


This paper includes hardware designing of jig that is used for automated testing. Jig is a customized fixture which is able to hold the Device Under Test (DUT). It is an Automated Test Equipment (ATE) which will be used to check behavior and functionality of refrigerator PCB. Jig is designed using ATmega 16 and the Graphical user interface is provided by LabVIEW. This jig can test the performance of refrigerator PCB in advance to avoid reloading due to defective PCB assembly or Field complain from customer end. This jig will test all high voltage device, all sensors, door Switch, RF lamp and display function. The test procedure includes generating test cases through LABVIEW. These test cases will verify the functionality of various components on PCB and determine the test as pass or fail. These testing results will be used to detect the exact fault location on PCB.


Purpose
This paper aims to provide a systematic literature review (SLR) of the relationship between smart and digital technologies and organisations' reporting processes, proposing a future research agenda. The paper examines the effects of data and digital technology on the corporate reporting process by analysing the various kinds of reports by organisations.

Design/methodology/approach
A two-decade assessment of studies was analysed to answer research questions. A SLR explored the role of digital and smart technologies for corporate reporting processes. The Scopus database was used as a leading source for access to the articles. Initially, 163 items were collected. After reading the abstract and several refinements, 43 prioritised publications were analysed and categorised to derive significant results.

Findings
Results of the analysis highlight the following emerging research streams about the digital transformation of corporate reporting: digital technology for corporate information management and decision-making processes; digital technologies as a tool of stakeholder engagement and sustainable reporting practices; and finally, digital technologies as a way to address earning management, corporate social responsibility, accountability and transparency.

Research limitations/implications
How digital technology and data analytics may potentially transform the corporate reporting process to make it more effective, resulting in greater transparency for shareholders and all stakeholders.

Originality/value
The originality of this paper derives from connecting, for the first time, smart and digital technologies and corporate reporting processes, drafting the state of the art of this research topic for future research.


The molten magnesium chloride,from reduction-distillation process in Kroll method of titanium metallurgy,was used to produce ultra fine magnesia powder under the condition of oxygen by direct pyrolysis.The effects of pyrolysis temperature,pyrolysis time and oxygen pressure on the pyrolysis efficiency of molten MgCl2 were investigated.The single factor experiments show that the optimum reaction conditions are as follows: pyrolysis temperature 1 000 ℃,pyrolysis oxygen partial pressure 0.08 MPa and pyrolysis time 50 min.The pyrolysis rate of molten MgCl2 can reach 93.5% under the optimum conditions.The obtained MgO powder was analyzed by XRD and SEM.These MgO powders,showing an irregular hexahedral shape,have an average diameter of 80?100 nm with uniform size distribution,good dispersity and high purity.The dynamic study of pyrolysis reaction show that this reaction is controlled by chemical reaction at the initial stage of reaction,with the apparent activation energy Ea=93.7 kJ/mol.At the later reaction stage,both diffusion and chemical reaction become the restricting factors with the apparent activation energy Ea=26.3 kJ/mol.


Abstract The thermal conductivity of single-crystal solid solutions (ZrO_2)_1 – _ x  _– _ y  _– _ z (Sc_2O_3)_ x (CeO_2)_ y (Y_2O_3)_ z ( x = 0.08–0.10; y = 0.005–0.01; z = 0–0.005) was measured in the temperature range 50–300 K. Phase composition and defective structure of crystals were studied.


The goal of this work is to explore the feasibility of a multirotor controller system which can dynamically change the arm configuration of a multirotor. Currently, commercial multirotor systems have to be powered down, rewired, and programmed with a different firmware supplied by them, to configure how many arms/motors they use to fly. The focus of this work is to develop a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) based hardware/software controller which uses dynamic partial hardware reconfiguration to switch the arm/motor configuration of a multirotor during operation. We believe that this will make a multirotor more fault tolerant and adaptive. This work explains the design and development of a simple multirotor reconfiguration hardware/software system which starts with a six rotor configuration and switches to a four rotor configuration or a three rotor configuration and back.


A Cu/low-k dual-damascene process using a novel dissoluble hardmask material, AlO, is developed to suppress ashing-damage to porous/nonporous low-k SiOC. In this process, ArF-resist patterns are firstly transferred to a very thin, typically 30-nm-thick, AlO hardmask layer. After removing the resist, SiOC is patterned using the hardmask. The hardmask remaining after the etching is spontaneously removed during post-etch wet-cleaning. The line-to-line capacitance of 280-nm-pitch, 4-level interconnects using this process is reduced by 10% from that using a conventional resist-mask process.


This article introduces the latest advances achieved by the Sichuan Vinylon Plant in the fields of maintaining the stable operation of acetylene reactors,extending the operating cycle of production equipment,adaptation to the composition of different natural gas feeds and enlarged scale of production facilities.And a forward-looking idea on next step of technology for manufacture of acetylene from natural gas has been set forth.


A non-stationary method for tunneling description of non-relativistic particles and photons through a barrier on the basis of consideration of the multiple internal reflections of vawe packets in relation of barrier boundaries is presented. The method is described in details and proved in the case of the one-dimentional tunneling of the particle through the rectangular barrier. For problems of the tunneling of the particle through the spherically symmetric barrier and of the photon through the one-dimensional barrier the amplitudes of transmitted and reflected wave packets in relation to the barrier, times of the tunneling and the reflection are found using of the method. Hartman's and Fletcher's effect is analysed.


What does it mean for a nation to be a "global icon" in the fashion world and how exactly do they get there? Today, both the United States and Italy are part of the leading nations in the fashion world, yet the two countries have significantly different histories and cultures. By examining the individual histories, cultures, and global interactions of Italy and the United States, a pattern emerges for the manner in which a nation rises to power in the fashion industry. Important historical events tend to result in sociological and psychological responses and changes within a society. Consequently, individual differences in fashion culture correspond to the major political and cultural events throughout the course of a nation's history. How can we use the histories of Italy and the United States to understand the method in which they came to be global fashion icons today, and how can this knowledge be used to make predictions for the future of the fashion industry? These are the questions this paper seeks to answer. Fashion design has been used by various groups of people over the course of history to outwardly express their thoughts and emotions regarding political and social climates of the time. The United States and Italy are two nations that not only influence fashion for many others, but they also have a stronghold on the direction of current social and political climates. The first task is to examine the complete history of each nations, identifying the major political and cultural events that sparked changes in society and consequently influenced fashion design. The second task is to examine the present-day fashion cultures of Italy and the United States, while considering their global interactions and influences on each other. The third and final task is to use historical evidence to develop and propose predictions for the future of the fashion industry on a global scale and within each nation. Department Human Ecology Subject Italian American Italy United States history fashion culture psychology individual differences la bella figura URI http://hdl.handle.net/2152/65254 Collections Plan II Honors Theses Openly Available An Examination of Individual Differences in Italian and American Fashion Cultures: Past, Present, and Projections for the Future  


To achieve sub-picometer sensitivities in the millihertz band, laser interferometric inertial sensors rely on some form of reduction of the laser frequency noise, typically by locking the laser to a stable frequency reference, such as the narrow-linewidth resonance of an ultra-stable optical cavity or an atomic or molecular transition. In this paper we report on a compact laser frequency stabilization technique based on an unequal-arm Mach-Zehnder interferometer that is sub-nanometer stable at $10\,\mu$Hz, sub-picometer at $0.5\,$mHz, and reaches a noise floor of $7\,\mathrm{fm}/\!\sqrt{\mathrm{Hz}}$ at 1 Hz. The interferometer is used in conjunction with a DC servo to stabilize the frequency of a laser down to a fractional instability below $4 \times 10^{-13}$ at averaging times from 0.1 to 100 seconds. The technique offers a wide operating range, does not rely on complex lock acquisition procedures, and can be readily integrated as part of the optical bench in future gravity missions.


Social networking sites have become a true force to be reckoned with on the web. This latest trend has caught on in a big way the world over. Relatively new in India, this phenomenon has been an instantaneous hit especially with the Indian youth. In this paper, attempt is made to explore the participatory patterns of youth in social networking sites in India. It seeks to further determine their objectives behind the usage of these sites. Hence, the findings of this study should be imperative to both search engine marketers, and to the social networking sites themselves, as it reveals a number of opportunities for both populations. This concept is leading to interesting debates in the academia and industry on how it will impact communications, connections between individuals and commercial viability for marketers. The results of the study revealed four intentions behind the usage of these sites – building association, spending time, self-image formation and acquiring information.


Abstract
This paper presents an index of harm methodology which compares occupational risk among workers exposed to radiological and nonradiological harms. It extends the work of the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) by considering American rather than European and Japanese industry groups, by treating the relative importance of various occupational harms as a parameter rather than an arbitrary constant, and by identifying several ways in which both the methodology and the data base could be improved. In the analysis, we examine the risk affects of six occupational harms-three nonradiological (death, accidental injury and disease or illness) and three radiological (somatic effects, genetic effects, and somatic effects to the fetus or embryo of pregnant women). We performed our analysis under five different assumptions about the relative importance of degree of aversion of the six harms in question. The results of this analysis show that radiological workers exposed to the current industry average of 0.35 rem/yr are among the safest of all industry groupings, and the riskiest industries appear to be mining; agriculture, fishing and farming; construction; transportation; and manufacturing, roughly in that order.


Background: Head injuries constitute a real public health problem in Low Income Countries. The aim of this study is to evaluate the management of severe head trauma. Patients and methods: A prospective study was conducted for a period of six months, from 1st February to 31th July 2018 at Niamey National Hospital. Were been Included all patients victims of head injury with Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) less than 8. The following variables were studied: age, sex, cause of trauma, deadline admission, means of transport used, Glasgow Coma Scale, CT Scan results, management and evolution. Results: Out of 1,918 patients admitted; 243 were head trauma, of which 76 patients had a GCS less than 8 (3.96%). Male predominance was found with a sex ratio of 24.33, young people was the most concerned (mean age:29.88 ± 16.37 years). Predominant age group was 16 to 30 years old, with 43.42% of patients. The circumstances of the trauma were road traffic accidents (86.84%). Transportation was medicalized in 15%. GCS was between 6 to 8 in 74.02% and the admission deadline was less than 6 hours in 77.63%. Respiratory distress was found in 28.95% and circulatory distress in 14.47%. Cranio-cerebral CT scan was performed in 82.89%. Seven patients (9.21%) were intubated and ventilated. Death rate was 53.94%. Conclusion: Head injury concerns a young male patient, the cause was a road traffic accident, this situation could be improved by raising the population's awareness of road safety and greater efficiency in taking in medical charge.


There is a possibility whitin the educational system of the Colegio Nacional de Educacion Profesional Tecnica (CONALEP) of Morelos, Mexico, for young deaf people to become part of an intercultural bilingual model. The parents' choice about CONALEP as an option for their deaf children education, responds to the need of continue educating them as professionals in order to reach a better quality life in the future; however, the educational expectations and works of these young people are still having a strong stigma because of their hearing condition.


B-cell lymphomas may involve the skin late in the course of the disease, but only infrequently have primary presentation in the skin. The cutaneous lesions are red-to-violaceous nodules, most often located on the head and neck. Most patients have been treated with radiation alone or combined with surgical excision of the tumors or systemic chemotherapy. In gen- eral, patient survival has been poor. The authors report a case of B-cell lymphoma initially confined to the skin and review the clinical characteristics of these lymphomas as reported in the English-language literature.


Crude extract of Gibberella fujikuroi AKU 3802 mycelium induced with n‐butylamine showed a single amine oxidase activity band in a non‐denaturing gel that cross‐reacted with the antibody against copper/topaquinone‐containing amine oxidase from Aspergillus niger. The enzyme was purified by a procedure involving four chromatographic steps. Purified enzyme was pink with an absorption maximum at 490 nm. Molecular mass of 135 kDa estimated by gel chromatography and 70 kDa found by SDS‐PAGE confirmed the dimeric structure of the enzyme. The enzyme readily oxidized n‐hexylamine, n‐butylamine, benzylamine and histamine, but not spermine or spermidine. Inactivation by carbonyl reagents and copper chelators suggested the presence of a copper/topaquinone cofactor. Spectrophotometric titration by p‐nitrophenylhydrazine showed one reactive carbonyl group per subunit and redox‐cyclic quinone staining confirmed the presence of a quinone cofactor, pH‐dependent shift of the absorption spectrum of the enzyme p‐nitrophenylhydrazone (465 nm at neutral to 580 nm at alkaline pH) supports the identity of the cofactor with topaquinone. The N‐terminal amino acid sequence of the enzyme showed high similarity to other microbial copper/topaquinone‐containing amine oxidases.


Objective
To detect the levels of interleukin (IL)-37, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), IL-18, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and C-reactive protein (CRP) in rheumatoid arthritis patients.

Methods
IL-37 and other cytokines in the serum of 80 RA patients and 80 healthy controls were detected by ELISA.

Results
The levels of IL-37[(40.33±11.25)pg/mL, TNF-α (110.41±35.37)pg/mL, IL-18 (121.73±29.22)pg/mL, ESR (42.31±15.02)mm/h, and CRP (38.31±17.22)mg/L] in RA were significantly higher than that in the normal controls [IL-37: (18.21±5.72) pg/mL; TNF-α: (30.19±6. 82) pg/mL; IL-18: (55.47±7.29) pg/mL]. The difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The level of IL-37 was correlated with TNF-α (r=0.821, P=0.001) and IL-18 (r=0.981, P=0.001).

Conclusion
High level of IL-37 in RA patients might contribute to the progression of RA.

Key words:
Interleukin-37; Rheumatoid arthritis; Inflammatory cytokine


This study examines how business ties to political and military actors in developing economies differentially affect venture survival. By applying a contingency perspective to resource dependence theory, we consider how the resources provided from business ties to these respective actors represent complementary strategic assets. First, we distinguish between the policy and economic resources provided by political ties and the security resources provided by military ties. Second, we examine the differential effect of these respective resources on new venture survival across varied and changing institutional environments. Using data on senior management and board membership for new ventures in 10 countries over a 65-year period, we find general support for our hypotheses. By distinguishing between the resources provided by different types of business-government ties and showing how their value varies in different contexts, this study contributes to nonmarket strategy research and provides deeper insights into the contingent nature of business ties. The paper also presents managerial insights to firms seeking to address the prevalent challenges associated with political, economic, and physical security issues in developing and underdeveloped economies.


The roots of nonviolent direct action and the development into a powerful method of persuasion and coercion will be explored in an attempt to explain its distinctive role in the Civil Rights Movement. The paper will focus on the participation of the three actions, the political, the legal and the passive, in the victorious moments of the Movement.


An electrodynamic transducer (1), with - a coil (11), - a coil (11) associated toothed disc (7), which is arranged on one side of the coil (11) and a rotatable around a rotation axis of disc member (7a) and a relatively thereto stationary disc member (7b), said rotary and fixed disc member (7a, 7b) having mutually associated teeth that during rotation of the rotatable disc member (7a) for the toothed plate (7) occupy alternately a magnetic flux closing and a non-magnetic flux-closing relative position, - a further coil (11) associated toothed disc (8) which is disposed on an opposite side of the coil (11) and a rotatable around the rotational axis of disk member (8a) and a relatively thereto stationary disc member (8b), wherein the rotatable and the fixed disc member (8a, 8b) mutually associated teeth that during rotation of the rotatable disc member (8a) for the other toothed disk (8) alternately take a magnetic flux closing and a non-magnetic flux-closing relative position, and exhibit and magnetic flux elements of soft magnetic material, wherein in operation each of at least a part a, magnetic flux components which on both sides of the toothed disc (7) and the further toothed wheel (8) are arranged and oppositely magnetized magnetic components (12, 13 9, 10) - associated with magnetic flux by the claw washer (7) or a further magnetic flux through the other claw washer (8), which upon rotation of the rotatable disc member (7a) of the toothed disc (7) and the rotatable disc member (8a) of the other toothed disk (8 ) form alternately, whereby the magnetic flux closing relative positions of the toothed disc (7) and the other toothed disk (8) are formed with an angular offset to each other, as well as the non-magnetic-flux-closing relative positions.


A natural nonequilibrium process that takes a system from one equilibrium state to another in a short time always involves dissipation. But, it's actually possible in quantum control to design and implement dissipationless ``shortcuts'' for quantum systems. Scientists add a few concrete practical tools for achieving this goal.


This study aimed to investigate the effects of femtosecond laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (FS-LASIK) and small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) on higher-order aberrations in patients. 56 cases (112 eyes) undergoing refractive surgery in our hospital were selected in this study, all patients were randomly divided into femtosecond laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis group (LASIK group) and small incision lenticule extraction group (SMILE group) with each group of 28 patients (56 eyes) by random digital table method. Higher-order aberrations of anterior corneal surface, including total higher-order aberration, spherical aberration, horizontal coma and vertical coma were detected at different time points (the 1st week, 1st month, 3rd month and 6th month) before and after surgery, and the changes between preoperative and postoperative values were compared. Postoperative total higher-order aberrations and spherical aberrations at different time points in both groups were significantly increased while vertical coma was obviously decreased when compared with preoperative data (P<0.05). Postoperative horizontal coma at different time points in SMILE group was increased (P<0.05) while there was no significant change in horizontal coma in LASIK group (P>0.05). Both postoperative total higher-order aberrations and spherical aberrations at different time points and their change values before and after surgery in SMILE group were significantly lower than those in LASIK group (P<0.05). In conclusion, changes in higher-order aberrations induced by femtosecond laser-assisted SMILE are less than that induced by FS-LASIK, so the visual quality of patients can be improved in certain scenarios.


This paper explores the differences of the four texts used in speaking and writing classes. Specifically, the texts were analyzed using a readability tool and Correspondence Analysis (hereafter, CA). An analysis of the data suggests that, in terms of readability and content, there were both similarities and differences among the four texts. More precisely, regarding readability, the two texts for the speaking class are closer to the level of English textbooks which junior high school students (seniors) use, compared to the other two texts. In addition, concerning the content including vocabulary, CA shows that the two texts, Writing 1 and Writing 2, are similar to each other, but those texts are different from the other two texts, Speaking 1 and Speaking 2.


Summary Objective: We previously proposed the hamster cheek pouch model of oral cancer for BNCT studies. We herein present the biodistribution of a non-toxic boron compound, GB-10 (Na2 10 B10H10), in this model to assess its potential for BNCT or BNCT enhanced Fast Neutron Therapy. Materials and methods: We evaluated the uptake and retention of GB-10 in tumour and precancerous tissue and in potentially dose-limiting, clinically relevant normal tissues. Results: Mean tumour boron concentration delivered by GB-10 (50 mg B/kg) peaked to 77:7 � 28:0 ppm at 20 min post-administration and remained at therapeutically useful values of 31:9 � 21:4 ppm at 3 h. The clearance rate for normal tissues was faster than for tumour tissue. The consistently low brain and spinal cord values would preclude normal tissue toxicity. The uptake of GB-10 by precancerous tissue may be of potential use in the treatment of field cancerized areas. GB-10 was deposited homogeneously in different tumour areas, an asset when treating heterogenous tumours. The data suggests that the joint administration of BPA and GB10 may improve the therapeutic efficacy of BNCT. Conclusions: GB-10 is a potential boron carrier for BNCT of head and neck tumours and for BNCT-FNT. 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.


A new protocol for the alkenylation of carbonyl compounds with phosphonates (Horner-Wadsworth-Emmons reaction) is described. Aldehydes react with phosphonates already at room temperature in the presence of triethylamine without further activation by Lewis-acids if high-pressure (8 kbar) is applied to the system. Based on this protocol a domino process was developed combining the HWE reaction with a Michael reaction, thus allowing the one-pot synthesis of β-amino esters, β-thio esters or β-thio nitriles.


The effects of reduced illumination on the results obtained with the Farnsworth-Munsell 100-hue test (F loo), the Panel D15 dichotomous test (F 15) and the Bostrom-Kugelberg pseudo-isochromatic test (BK 11, 1972) were investigated. The material comprised 100 red-green defective subjects (30 cases with deuteranomaly, 26 with extreme deuteranomaly, 13 with deuteranopia, 1 1 with protanomaly, 10 with extreme protanomaly and 10 with protanopia) as well as 30 normal subjects, all classified with the Nagel anomaloscope. A Macbeth daylight illuminator was used and its maximal background (200 cd/m2) was reduced by using pairs of calibrated neutral filters mounted on four pairs of welder's glasses. Measurements were made at five different backgrounds; 200, 10, 1, 0.1 and 0.02 cd/m2. The results of the FlOO test were analysed on the basis of a division of the Farnsworth colour circle in four equal quadrants, showing in the results obtained with subjects with red-green dichromacy a high totalled error score in the opposite quadrants I and I11 (S, + S,) and a low totalled error score in the opposite quadrants I1 and IV (S, + S,). The results of the F15 test were analysed by using a modification of the test chart of Verriest et al. (1963). With a reduction of the background luminance level from 200 to 0.1 cd/m2, there was a larger increase in both the total error score (ST) and in scores S, + S, and S, + S, obtained with subjects with all types of red-green defects than with normal subjects (P-value of the Student's t-test < 0.05). At 0.1 cd/m2 the results of the red-green defective subjects (based on the distribution of the total error score of the FlOO test) indicated a "scotopization" of the visual function; however, the separate scores S, + S, and S, + S, indicated a decrease in redgreen and blue-yellow discrimination. The increase in the tritan type of the defect (S, + S,) found in the red-green defective subjects at 0.1 cd/m2 background was significantly larger than the "physiological tritanopia" observed in normal subjects in the same condition. In all types of red-green defective subjects a reduction of the background luminance from 200 to 0.1 cd/m2 caused an equal increase in the total error


The paper presents the results of a compression test of aluminium alloy, AlZn6Mg2Cu (PA9). The samples have been subjected to heat treatment aiming at differentiation of the structural state of the material. Basing on the work-hardening curves and hardness measurements, as well as on microscopic examination , the most advantageous (from the plasticity point of view) parameters of the heat treatment have been determined .No significant influence of the soaking time and the time from deformation start to the end of heat treatment on the shape of the of the deformation curve. The lowest plasticity was that of a sample cut from the material as supplied. The highest plasticity was that of samples soaked at 520°C and cooled together with the furnace.


Currently, it is a difficulty in the judicial reform that the judicial credibility is decreased or even absent. An important way to enhance the credibility of the judiciary is to promote judicial justice by judicial public and establish judicial credibility by judicial justice. Trial openness, as the core of judicial public, should become the focal point to enhance the credibility of the judiciary. However, the current trial practice doesn't reach its required value, which has many deficiencies in operation.Thus, a series of new measures on judicial public have been promulgated by the Supreme Court, which further magnify the problems existing in current trial practice. Those problems are related to the lack of scientific and reasonable program control.Therefore, the experiences should be summed up in the practice of judicial public, the range of trial openness specified based on the principles of trial openness, and relevant technical specifications made, so as to realize the institutionalization, normalization and standardization of trial openness.


The α–β filter estimates the true values of the position and velocity of the target from the observed target position. If the driving noise indicating the ambiguity of the target motion differs, then various different α–β filters can be derived from a Kalman filter that uses a constant-velocity linear motion model. On the other hand, the MV filter is an α–β filter that minimizes the variations of the steady error of the predicted value of the target position for a target in constant-velocity linear motion, under the condition that the steady tracking error for the target with constant acceleration is constant. This MV filter cannot be derived from the Kalman filter. Note that there are methods of increasing the sampling rate and of improving observation accuracy for improvement of tracking capability. However, when multiple targets are tracked at the same time, the electromagnetic illumination time per target is necessarily reduced. In this paper, the tracking capability of the above α–β filter with constant gains is evaluated in terms of the tracking accuracy for a target in constant-velocity linear motion under the condition that the steady tracking error for a target in constant-acceleration motion is constant. It is found advantageous to increase the sample rate rather than to improve the observation accuracy if the electromagnetic illumination time is constant. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electron Comm Jpn Pt 1, 86(10): 10–20, 2003; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/ecja.10113


There has been an accelerated pace of installation variety of utility-scale solar farms across the world. Field data are streaming in from existing plants. Also, highly sophisticated physics-based numerical models and software are being developed to estimate the energy yield of a solar PV system over its lifetime. By necessity, the results are specific to a finite number of arbitrarily chosen geographical locations and require substantial computational resources for a worldwide energy estimation, making it difficult to extrapolate the results to new locations. In this paper, we demonstrate a novel machine learning-based tool that reduces the computational time by 4-orders of magnitude with an accuracy of R2 ~ 0.99. The tool utilizes the simulation-derived utility-scale solar PV energy yield to functionally interpolate the location-specific inputs and energy yields. This compact, efficient, and versatile representation will transform how large-scale modeling is used to predict the energy yield of various farm configurations for any location around the world.


A 12‐year‐old girl with bilateral moderate pure tone hearing loss (30–50 dB) and profound speech comprehension impairment (0%–30% correct discrimination) was tested with auditory‐evoked potentials. No neural components occurred in the brainstem (1–10 ms), mid (10–50 ms), and long‐latency (50–250 ms) time domains even though the patient could "hear" the clicks. A cognitive P300 component was evoked during the discrimination of an infrequent tonal signal indicating normal stimulus classification function. Cochlear microphonic activity of normal amplitude was recorded from an ear‐canal electrode. Thus, the absence of neural components of auditory‐evoked potentials in the presence of preserved receptor (hair cell) function is interpreted as due to an alteration of transmission between hair cell and VIII nerve leading to a loss of synchrony of VIII nerve activity and an absence of evoked potentials. The finding that the patient's temporal discrimination abilities were severely impaired supports such an interpr...


The aim of this paper is to highlight agroecology as a possibility of using agroecosystems, going beyond the one-dimensional-genetic, agronomic, edaphological view, including ecological, social and cultural dimensions. The current context points to different ways of (re) organizing space, as the exponential growth of the population after the Industrial Revolutions has led to increased consumption of energy and raw materials. Since then, this process has been promoting the devastation of natural resources, air pollution, ecological imbalances considered in many cases as severe, social and economic exclusion of a considerable portion of the population. These situations require a (re) thinking and a (re) doing regarding the Planet's bases of support. Dramatizing the situation is not intended, but rather to reflect on the lived moment. There is no alternative but to acknowledge the existence of nature's biological and physical limits, human frailty. Agroecology points to political attention, research incentives and technological innovations, as well as each individual's awareness of the success of this change and the effective sustainability of the resources we have taken from nature. The big challenge is to change the relationship between society and natural resources, which simultaneously requires the sustainable development and incorporation of agroecology in current agricultural models. On the other hand, it is necessary to defend ecological changes, that is, the search for practices that are sustainable in the agricultural sector permeated by similar changes in other areas of society that are interrelated, that is, the fundamental condition for the existence of a Sustainable agriculture and, by extension, a sustainable society, it is the existence of a critical human being, whose attitude towards nature is coexistence with it and not only its exploitation. Keywords: Agroecology, agriculture, Environmental Education; Agroecosystem.


Poverty eradication programmes so far did not work effectively  because it cannot distinguish between the Fungsi Sebab (F1, Cause Function)  with the Fungsi Akibat (F2, Result Function) from poverty. Poverty more  responded according to the framework Fungsi Akibat (F2), so the causes of  poverty not much cared for, and any attempt at tackling poverty in the end  will always be charity. This article tries to assert the importance of proposing  and the distinction between Fungsi Sebab (F1) and Fungsi Akibat (F2) to  understand and explain the phenomenon of poverty, especially those occur  among farmers.


The utility model relates to a chloric acid stopping valve for controlling medium flow on pipelines of liquid chlorine, chlorine and acid in chemical industry. The utility model comprises a valve flap, a valve seat, a valve cover assembly, a valve rod and a valve body. The utility model is characterized in that the end of the valve flap is in a circular arc shape, the periphery of the valve flap is provided with a platform, the circular arc surface and the platform of the valve flap and the valve seat form double sealing, the valve flap and the valve rod adopt thread floating connection, a positioning mechanism is arranged on a valve cover and the lower part in a body cavity of the valve body is provided with the valve seat. Because the valve flap in a circular arc shape, the platform and the valve seat form the double sealing, the utility model has the advantages of no adhesive abrasion of a sealing surface, corrosion resistance, good sealing performance and long service life.


Abstract
For more than a century, state and federal governments and organizations have used different measures to determine if students and groups of students have achieved in a particular subject or grade level. While the construct of achievement is applied irrespective of student differences, this equal application turns out to be anything but equitable. In this chapter, we work to understand the way achievement plays out for Black students by deconstructing how the word achievement works. In doing so, we track the history of education, testing, and curriculum as it has been applied to Black youth and youth of color.


Swelling behaviors of raw (Specimen-R) and compressed (Specimen-C) samples of maleic anhydride-grafted EPDM (MAH-g-EPDM) depending on the treatment with dichloroacetic acid were investigated. Structural characteristics of the samples were analyzed by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) and attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR). When the samples were not treated with dichloroacetic acid, the swelling ratio of Specimen-R was greater than that of Specimen-C by about twice and the swelling ratio change was negligible though the process of swelling and drying was repeated. When the samples were treated with dichloroacetic acid, the first swelling ratios were increased but the second ones were decreased. For the Specimen-C, the swelling ratio of the sample without the dichloroacetic acid treatment and the second swelling ratio of the sample treated with dichloroacetic acid were nearly the same. However, for the Specimen-R, the second swelling ratio of the sample treated with dichloroacetic acid was strikingly lower than that of the sample without the dichloroacetic acid treatment. The swelling ratio change according to the dichloroacetic acid treatment was explained by dissociation of the existing crosslinks and formation of new crosslinks.


Background: Lhermitte-Duclos disease(LDD) is an extremely rare entity presenting unilateral lesion in the cerebellum characterized by abnormal proliferation of ganglion-like cells. It has been reported to be associated with Cowden syndrome(CS), which is a systemic hamartomatous disease with PTEN gene mutation. The patients affected with CS show a high incidence rate of complicating LDD. Based on the paucity of reports, vermian lesion with LDD has seldom been identified. We discuss the rarity of vermian lesion as well as its association with CS. Case presentation: A 50-year-old man who complained of headache was referred to us after CT scan showed mass lesion in the vermis. T2-weighted images of MRI showed a hyperintense "tiger-striped" pattern corresponding to the mass. For diagnosis and treatment, gross total resection was performed. Pathological findings demonstrated characteristics of LDD. Discussion: This case seemed to be a sporadic case of LDD because the patient had never presented signs and symptoms indicating CS. As in previous reports, the relationship between vermian lesion with LDD and CS remains unclear. Nevertheless, it can be reasonably supposed that vermian lesion with LDD may involve CS since pathological findings cannot differentiate it from hemispheric lesion. Concerning the rarity of this case, we emphasize the difficulty of detecting vermian lesion with LDD because the vermis is relatively small as an origin of tumor, and/or the lesion may be asymptomatic unless obstructive hydrocephalus develops due to mass effect. Findings from molecular biology may help to explain the rarity of such cases in the future.


In experiment 2, 13 pigs were prepared with permanent gastric cannulae. A pair of litter mate pigs were assigned to each of six supplemental levels of lysine. Withiri pairs, lysine (dissolved in physiological saline) was infused via the cannulae either simultaneously with feeding (S) or over a 10 h period (C) following feeding. A single pig was ,fed the basal diet. Growth and food economy data from 22.5 to 35 kg live weight and for nitrogen retention at approximately 36 kg ,are shown in Table 2.


Beam-gas nuclear and Coulomb interactions introduce limitations on the tolerable vacuum pressure in the LHC and its upgrade. We discuss local pressure limits set by the heat load on the cryogenics system and by loss-induced quenches, as well as average pressure limits imposed by beam-lifetime degradation and emittance blow up. These pressure limits depend on the molecular species in the residual gas. We also consider the effect of Coulomb scattering, which strongly depends on the beam energy. An important ingredient to our discussion is the available cooling capacity, which we estimate for the nominal and ultimate LHC, as well as for two posible upgrade scenarios. The quoted pressure tolerances refer to the nominal LHC only. They would become significantly tighter for higher beam currents or for shorter bunches.


The procedural generation and mass production of building models are still the current research hotspots. The WFC algorithm is a mass-production-friendly procedurally generated grammar. However, the inefficiency of making the modules required for the algorithm is always a challenge. This paper presents a scheme for extracting module prototypes automatically. First, we generate a parametric building model prototype. The system automatically extracts modules containing constraint information, then we use the WFC algorithm to mass-produce building models based on these modules. The outcomes of our experiments suggest that our framework is effective.


We studied fifteen species of vascular epiphytes in a 1200 m 2 sample of seasonally inundated forest (tintal) near Cancun, Mexico. The community of epiphytes occupied 14 species of host tree. While certain species of host tree tended to accommodate more epiphytes than others, no host tree specificity was exhibited by any of the epiphyte species. There was some evidence of canopy partitioning by branch size among the mote common epiphytes (8 species with >10 individuals in the sample area). Four species of Tillandsia (Bromeliaceae) tended to occupy the smallest diameter supports (mostly 2.5 cm (...)


This paper presents the design and performance of a compact-size branching orthomode transducer (OMT) with high isolation characteristics. The design is performed using the mode-matching applied to the circular-to-rectangular waveguide Tjunctions. The design example demonstrates the high efficiency of this design method for X-band branching OMT without septa, and realizes excellent performance. The theory is verified by a good agreement with measurements.


S OF PAPERS 235 90 Creep compliance of chicken nuggets at different frying temperatures. T. Yalamanchili*1, P. Takhar2, and C. Z. Alvarado1, 1Texas A&M University, College Station, 2Texas Tech University, Lubbock. The texture of chicken nuggets is a very important attribute to consumers. However, there is little data indicating textural properties of chicken nuggets during frying utilizing creep compliance. Therefore, the objective of this is to measure the texture of chicken nuggets in terms of creep compliance. The chicken nuggets were commercially prepared using a predust, batter, and breader and par fried at 350F or 375F for 26 to 30sec. Following freezing, the chicken nuggets were then fried at 350F or 375F for 0, 1, 2 or 4min. Following frying, a cylindrical portion from the nugget was separated followed by separation of the crust (breading) and the core (meat). The creep compliance (μm2/N) was measured using Dynamic Mechanical Analysis at a stress of 0.01Mpa and temperatures of 30C, 110C and 190C. The sample was held by the equipment at isothermal conditions for 1min, displaced for 2min and allowed to recover for 1min. The data were analyzed by ANOVA in a 2 (frying temperatures) x 2 (portionscrust or core) x 4 (testing temperatures) x 3 (trial) factorial design. No significant difference was observed between the nuggets fried at 350F and 375F at all the testing conditions (P ≥ 0.05). Though the creep compliance was not significantly different for frying times 1, 2, and 4 min., the creep compliance values decreased with frying time for all treatments as well as both the crust and core. This indicates that the chicken nuggets were becoming harder as the frying time increased. This may be attributed to loss of moisture from the sample as it was being fried. Therefore, the texture of the chicken nugget does change with cooking time but not the cooking temperatures used in this study.


Anthracnose and leaf spot (red rust) are the common diseases affecting the mango plant. Mango being economically important, the detection of these diseases is critical for avoiding epidemics and loss of yield. A machine vision approach has been proposed for plant disease identification using colour images of mango leaves. This approach included using YCbCr converted image and creating a feature vector of textural and colour features of the input images which are fed to the classifier during the testing phase. GLCM, colour based technique and Gabor filter were used for texture and colour feature extraction. Comparison of results obtained using a Minimum distance classifier and using Support Vector Machine (SVM) has been done. Analysis of the feature extraction techniques was performed to obtain individual results for each technique. The overall results gave a classification accuracy of 79.16% and 83.34% for Minimum distance classifier and Support Vector Machine respectively over a database of 86 images.


The decision-making process is an extremely important element in all administrative activity. It is no exaggeration to say that this process is little short of being the most widespread in all of human activity. Hence the growing interest in it in all areas of science.


...Very important goal for researches about Chagas disease are reliable tools indicative of infection, before detectable pathology process [1-4]. We read the manuscript of Pinho and Antas entitled Biomarkers for neglected Chagas disease where the eminent authors briefly, but clearly, highlighted the role of these necessary tools for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes [1]. They also properly commented about major hurdles and challenges involving the routine utilization of biomarkers to assess the risk of disease among the more commonly affected individuals, who live in lowincome areas of Latin American countries [1,4]. Interestingly, they presented a new classification of biomarker candidates plasmatic, antigenic, genetic, and management related; in addition, the major practical advantages and eventual weaknesses of each categorized biomarker were focused [1]. Worthy of note are the parasite antigens detected by a correlated ELISA test, and involving highly specific ligands – aptamers. These circulating biomarkers can be found during the acute and the chronic phases of human and experimental infections [1,2]. We would like to address additional comments based on some other recent publications and our previous experimental studies. JACOBS PUBLISHERS


Conventional printed databases (or manuals) for drug information have unequivocal problems in adding new information, which are critical for drug safety, and in extracting required information from large amounts of data. Therefore, in this study, we developed a problem-solving system of drug information, named "MacDrug", using HyperTalk on Macintosh personal computers. This system consists of major four functions; organizing various kinds of drug information, converting data sets from other databases, searching and extracting required information under any condition, and analyzing patient compatibility with drugs. All of these functions worked efficiently with the test data, and were shown to be useful in utilizing as much as possible the drug information. MacDrug can be localized in the public domain since the Hyper-Card program is bundled in every Macintosh computer with free of charge. Thus, we believe that MacDrug can help clinical pharmacists manage the advanced and complex drug information in an efficient manner.


The petroleum refining industry uses fluidized catalytic cracking (FCC) to convert heavy feed oil into lighter molecular weight, more valuable components such as olefins, gasoline, and diesel fuel. Hot catalyst particles are used for the conversion, which occurs in a riser reactor. The interphase mixing, vaporization, and chemical reactions are the controlling processes inside the FCC riser. The interactions between the feed oil spray and the gas/solid flow determine the final products of the cracking process, and ultimately the profitability of the FCC unit. The complex nature of the multiphase interactions and chemical reactions that occur in the riser reactor presents a huge challenge for analysis. Numerical simulation provides the means to facilitate and reduce the design time of new units, and also optimize existing units. A new vaporization model is incorporated into an existing three-phase reacting flow computational fluid dynamics (CFD) code developed at Argonne National Laboratory. In this study, ICRKFLO is used to simulate a low profile FCC riser. A low profile riser has a shorter residence time than standard FCC risers, and the modeling of the droplet vaporization process is of great importance. Because feed oil droplets are composed of many hydrocarbon components, each of which vaporizes at a different temperature, a new vaporization model is developed to include multicomponent vaporization of a droplet. The model allows the boiling point temperature of the droplets to vary as the vaporizing droplet loses mass to the gaseous phase. Comparison between vaporization models indicates a significant change in predicted product yields.


This article urges qualitative researchers to understand the work they do as inspired by practical concerns rather than by its ontological and/or cognitive status as science. It is time to let go and move on from the inherited vocabulary of scientific rigor. Excessive focus on rigor impedes and distracts from talking about other, more important, problems such as the ethical commitments, moral importance, and artfulness of qualitative inquiry. Calls for greater scientific rigor mistake the abstract for the concrete and may mask the covert intention to delegitimate experiential, performative, autoethnographic, and evocative approaches to inquiry that understand qualitative inquiry as a moral, ethical, and political venture. The rule of rigor, if there is to be one, should be pragmatic and literary not scientific, and qualitative researchers and should feel obliged to turn life inside out and upside down, investigating what it means to be alive and to produce just societies.


Abstract: The discussion about problems of bureaucracy in USSR is discussed. The main topic is а nature of the bureaucracy. The conclusions from the point of the view the modern public administration reform are presented.


It is shown that homogeneous line-broadening in a diffuse cold atom cloud is proportional to the resonant optical depth of the cloud. Furthermore, it is demonstrated how the strong directionality of the coherent interactions causes the cloud's spectra to depend strongly on its shape, even when the cloud is held at constant densities. These two numerical observations can be predicted analytically by extending the single-photon wave-function model. Lastly, elongating a cloud along the line of laser propagation causes the excitation probability distribution to deviate from the exponential decay predicted by the Beer--Lambert law to the extent where the atoms at the back of the cloud are more excited than the atoms at the front. These calculations are conducted at the low densities relevant to recent experiments.


ABSTRACT Gut microbiota play a key role in host health. Mammals acquire gut microbiota during birth, but timing of gut microbial recruitment in birds is unknown. We evaluated whether precocial chicks from three species of arctic‐breeding shorebirds acquire gut microbiota before or after hatching, and then documented the rate and compositional dynamics of accumulation of gut microbiota. Contrary to earlier reports of microbial recruitment before hatching in chickens, quantitative PCR and Illumina sequence data indicated negligible microbiota in the guts of shorebird embryos before hatching. Analyses of chick feces indicated an exponential increase in bacterial abundance of guts 0‐2 days post‐hatch, followed by stabilization. Gut communities were characterized by stochastic recruitment and convergence towards a community dominated by Clostridia and Gammaproteobacteria. We conclude that guts of shorebird chicks are likely void of microbiota prior to hatch, but that stable gut microbiome establishes as early as 3 days of age, probably from environmental inocula. &NA; Graphical Abstract Figure. Shorebird embryos hatch with negligible gut microbiota, and chicks acquire a stable bacterial community within three days of hatching


Tridentate P-N and P-O ligands of the type RP(XC5H4N)2 (1a, b, a′, b′) [X = O, NH: R = CH3 (a, a′), t-Bu (b, b′)] and PhP(CH2C4H7O)2 (1c″) are obtained by reaction of RPCl2 with 2-hydroxy- and 2-aminopyridine and Li2PPh with tetrahydrofurfuryil chloride, respectively. In a similar way the potential bidentate ligand Ph2PCH2C4H7O (2c″) is formed by the action of LiPPh2 on ClCH2C4H7O. Potential tridentate ligands as RP(C4H3O)2 (3a‴-c‴) [R = CH3 (a‴), t-Bu (b‴), Ph (c‴)| with two furyl-phosphorus bonds can be isolated from RPCl2 and furyllithium. The complex chemical behaviour towards Mo(CO)6 or carbonyl derivatives of chromium was elucidated for 2c‴ and 3a‴- c‴, resulting in the formation of (OC)5MoPPh2CH2C4H7O (4c″) and trans-(OC)4Cr[RP(C4H3O)2]2 (5a‴-c‴), respectively. In the case of 5a‴ an X-ray investigation proved 3a‴-c‴ to be only monodentate P-ligands 5a‴ crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P21/c with Z = 2. 1c″ is the most versatile species within this series and functions probably as a tri-, bi- and monodentate P-O ligand. With 1c″ and 3c″ some homologation experiments of methanol at 200 °C and 304 bar synthesis gas pressure were carried out


The use of expensive and often highly toxic isocyanates in current industrial processes makes however the urethane acrylates the most expensive acrylated component of the formulations. In current processes, mono- and multifunctional isocyanates are reacted with hydroxyfunctional acrylate monomers like hydroxyethyl acrylate, hydroxypropyl acrylate or pentaerythritol triacrylate. To enlarge the range of accessible structures, multifunctional urethane acrylates can also be prepared by replacing a portion of the hydroxyfunctional acrylate monomers by other structures having OH groups. 4


This study focuses on the feasibility analysis of the e-audit system used by the BPK RI inspectors to conduct state financial audits. Feasibility analysis is needed so that the Republic of Indonesia BPK can utilize technology that can add value from the results of the inspection and be able to use technology appropriately in accordance with the process of examining the State's finances. This research is descriptive qualitative research. The main data is obtained from in-depth interviews with BPK examiners and e-audit system development teams. The results of the study show that the e-audit system is feasible to be used in the examination of state finances. However, the researcher suggested that the BPK be more active in capturing the needs of the end user, namely the examiner, so that it can be ascertained by the user needs and schedule of system development in the future and so that the system development is in accordance with what the user needs. In addition, the BPK must also consider starting the selection of Information Technology professional services to assist in the development of eaudit systems because of the high likelihood of the many needs of end users in the future


In this letter, a fully symmetrical uni-planar comparator network is proposed for monopulse antenna feeding. To break through the fundamental limitation of a conventional 180° coupler (crossing between input and output ports and amplitude imbalance), a novel symmetric ports coupler is designed by cascading two identical 90° couplers with two-phase delay lines, where the total phase delay of two lines is 180°. To realize in planar structure, a zero-phase delay planar crossover is designed to resolve signal crossing between two stage couplers in a comparator network. To verify our design concept, a prototype monopulse array operating at 5.7 GHz is designed, fabricated, and measured, and results are aligned well with simulation and theory.


This paper analyzes the external and internal factors influencing university library's professional ethics construction,puts forward several measures for university library's professional ethics construction,which include establishing librarian's innovative professional concept and service philosophy,strengthening librarian's comprehensive quality and professional skills,and promoting the whole enhancement of library's professional and moral level.


Case report of a female patient presenting with visual acuity (VA) loss and metamorphopsia in both eyes (BE) due to active choroidal neovascularization (CNV) associated with angioid streaks (AS). The patient was treated with a monthly intravitreal injection of bevacizumab (Avastin®, Roche) for three months in BE. Upon completion of therapy, VA had improved and metamorphopsia had disappeared. Additional medical tests evidenced the resolution of active CNV. During the 3-month post-treatment follow-up there was no recurrence of the condition and, thanks to timely referral to the dermatology service, diagnosis of pseudoxanthoma elasticum (PE) was made. Keywords: angioid streaks, choroidal neovascularization, choroidal neovascular membrane, bevacizumab, pseudoxanthoma elasticum.


Why would Deleuze condemn the dialectic of the One and the Many? It is not simply to replace one set of categories with another. Rather, it is to make differential topology safe for the philosophy of time. If Deleuze affirms pure multiplicity, it is to overcome Henri Bergson's prohibition upon using mathematics to inquire into time. How else could Deleuze justify his monstrous identification of 'continuous multiplicities' with Riemannian manifolds?


Electromagnetic tomography (EMT) is a process tomography based on the principle of electromagnetic induction. It has the advantages of non-intrusive, non-contact and low harm. In the process of image reconstruction, the sensitivity matrix reflects the influence of tiny disturbance on the measured value, which is an important index of image quality. Base on the traditional "O" sensor array structure in this article, Comsol Multiphysics finite element simulation software is used to divide the measured field into several tiny elements. A simulated perturbation method is used to investigate the effect of the number of EMT sensors' midline coils on sensitivity. The sensitivity matrix of sensor arrays with 4 coils ,8 coils ,12 coils ,16 coils and 20 coils is compared by using the method of separation variables. The sensitivity matrix of different coils is imaged by Matlab software. Through comparative analysis, it is concluded that the sensitivity band shape of the coil in the same position is same in different models. All of them are distributed along the arc type between the excitation and detection coils, which presents the middle strong and gradually weakens to the outside. With the increase of the number of coils, the sensitivity band is widened, but the sensitivity value of the central part is slightly weakened. According to this characteristic, it lays a foundation for the practical application of EMT technology and image reconstruction.


RATIONALE OF TREATMENT. The main basis for the suggestion of gradual arterial closure as a probable means of relief for certain cases of aneurism lies in three facts observed in human pathology and surgical experience: Gradual closure of a large blood vessel as from the pressure of a growing tumor, so far as such pressure is concerned, is not associated with depression of vital functions nor with nutritional or other disturbances within the area of its distribution. The anastomotic current is so gradually and perfectly established that the entire absence of symptoms due to circulatory disturbances may fail even to suggest the occlusion of a large blood vessel. In the larger proportion of those exceptional cases of aneurism in which a spontaneous cure occurs this results from the deposition of the laminated coagulum or so-called active clot, on the walls of the sac, and is caused by the slowing and


We present flexible polymer light-emitting diodes (FPLEDs) using graphene oxide-modified single-walled carbon nanotube (GO-SWCNT) films as an anode on polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrates. The electrode of GO-SWCNTs used in this study shows quite a low sheet resistance of ∼75 Ω per square at 65% (at 550 nm) optical transparency with resistance to bending fatigue. The small-sized GO nanosheets onto the SWCNT network films are significantly effective in reducing the sheet resistance and the surface porosity of the SWCNT network films without sacrificing the transmittance. Moreover, the top layer of the large-sized GO nanosheets are crucial for high device efficiency to reduce the roughness of the SWCNT surface and enhance the wettability with PEDOT:PSS. The optimized FPLED using a GO-SWCNT electrode shows a maximum luminous efficiency of 5.0 cd A−1 (at 9.2 V), power efficiency of 2.4 lm W−1 (at 5.6 V), external quantum efficiency 1.9% (at 9.0 V) and turn-on voltage (2.0 V), which is comparable to conventional PLEDs using an indium-tin-oxide (ITO) electrode (a maximum luminous efficiency of 6.2 cd A−1 (at 9.4 V), power efficiency of 2.6 lm W−1 (at 5.8 V), external quantum efficiency 2.3% (at 9.0 V) and turn-on voltage (2.0 V)). This result confirms that a GO-SWCNT electrode can be efficiently used to replace ITO for flexible optoelectronic devices.


Previous experiments have shown that, in the carp retina, a GABA-mediated feedback from horizontal cells to cones is involved in neural mechanisms of color opponency. In this article, we investigated effects of GABA antagonists, picrotoxin and bicuculline, on spectral responses of horizontal cells. These chemicals caused selective suppression of responses to long wavelength, probably because the feedback was blocked. In particular, a biphasic spectral response curve in the H2 cell turned into almost monophasic. The presence of feedback in the carp retina was further supported by the fact that depolarizing synaptic potentials were detected in cones at the center, when horizontal cells were hyperpolarized by a peripheral annulus illumination.


The microspheres were prepared by ionic cross-linking technique. Chemical reaction between sodium alginate and calcium chloride to form calcium alginate was utilized for microspheres. For slowing the rate of release from microspheres the hydrophilic polymer Locust bean gum and xanthan gum and their combinations was added in different concentration so that the drug will be release constantly for 12hrs. The formulation prepared showed the angle of repose within acceptable range having a good flow property. The drug entrapment efficacy of all the formulation was in the range of 90.6 – 98.9%. The drug entrapment efficacy of microspheres increases with increase in concentration of hydrophilic gums. Diclofenac sodium in vitro release from microspheres was studied. The microspheres containing 2.5% of Locust bean gum: xanthan gum (6:4) shows 98.8% drug release. The values of coefficient correlation (r) were calculated and were found to be linear for first order release as compare to zero order release. Scanning electron microscopy of selected formulation indicated that the microspheres are spherical in shape and smooth surface. Stability studies reveled that polymers used were stable and compatible with the drug and there is no significant effect on physical characteristics, drug content and dissolution profile of the microsphere.


The financial services sector has seen dramatic technological innovations in
the last several years associated with the "fintech revolution." Major changes have taken place in channel management, credit card rewards marketing, cryptocurrency, and wealth management, and have influenced consumers' banking behavior indifferent ways. As a consequence, there has been a growing demand for banks to rethink their business models and operations to adapt to changing consumer behavior and counter the competitive pressure from other banks and non-bank players. In this dissertation, I study consumer behavior related to different aspects of
financial innovation by addressing research questions that are motivated by theory-focused research literature and managerial considerations in business practice. I seek to understand how technology is reshaping financial services, and how financial institutions can leverage big data analytics to create deep insights about consumer behavior for decision support.


Our understanding of the biology of breast cancer has undoubtedly improved in the past decade, and remarkable progress has been achieved in its treatment. Those caring for these patients have long realized that breast cancer is a disease with an extremely diverse natural history, and much remains to be learned about the interaction among known predictive and prognostic factors. Not long ago, the "more is better" strategy exemplified by high-dose chemotherapy (often resulting in high-dose toxicity) dominated the research agenda and clinical practices of many institutions. Although a minimum chemotherapy dose intensity is required[1] and increasing the frequency of specific regimens is advantageous,[2] further dose intensification with[3] or without stem cell rescue[4-6] offers no meaningful benefit in the adjuvant setting.


Tempe can be processed to be used as a variety of dishes and snacks. Tempe chips are processed tempeh made from the main raw material of tempe which is thinly sliced then seasoned and then fried until it has a crunchy texture. Tempe chips have become a business opportunity for Rimbo Ilir, Tebo Regency, Jambi Province with four flavors, Balado, cheese, BBQ and original flavors. The purpose of this study is to help the manager determine the production volume of tempeh chips according to the flavor variant in order to get the expected profit and minimize losses. The method used in this study is linear programming simplex method, using this method the manager is advised to produce tempe chips with Balado flavor of 18,225 pcs and cheese flavored with 6,795 pcs, with a profit of Rp. 24,493. From the sensitivity analysis, it does not mean that BBQ and cheese flavors should not be produced, but that they have a maximum production limit, for BBQ flavors a maximum of 6,286 pcs and original flavors 5,744 pcs.


An experimental charge density study has been carried out on N-H + ...O − bonds in the proton-transfer compound piperazinium oxalate as well as on the normal O-H...N bonds in the thiodiglycolic acid-4,4'-bipyridine complex, based on X-ray diffraction measurements at 130 K. The results are compared with those of the normal N-H...O bonds in 5-nitrouracil. In spite of the different crystal geometries, the N-H + ...O − and the N-H...O bonds exhibit similar values of electron density and the associated curvatures at the hydrogen-acceptor bond critical points (BCPs). Surprisingly, the polarization parameters of the two BCPs are comparable (~20%). The pseudoatomic charge on the protonated N atom (in N-H + ...O − ) is, however, much smaller (−0.05 e) in comparison to the unprotonated case (~−0.2 e). The O-H...N hydrogen bonds exhibit shorter H...N distances compared to the charged and the uncharged H...O bonds. Accordingly, the electron densities and the curvatures evaluated at the H...N critical points are also much higher.


The use of Turki c languages, i ncludi ng phraseologi cal uni ts i n Kazakh and Turki sh, and thei r reflecti on i n the works of art (belle letters) are presented on the basi s of separate themati c examples. Phraseologi sms and proverbs are provi ded wi th examples i n the context of thei r use i n Turki sh and other Turki c languages, i ncludi ng the background of data analysi s i n Kazakh. Accordi ng to the novel "Katpa Mamed", publi shed i n the 80 - i es of the last century, borrowed stable phrases, onomasti c names and proverbs are i ndi vi dual examples-quotes that tell about the nati onal color, hi stori cal and educati onal are recommended i n pri nci ple. I n thi s context, many vocabulary uni ts i n the Kazakh and Turki sh languages belong to the common Turki c vocabulary characteri zed by the fact that i t i s characteri sti c and hi stori cally has a common cogni ti ve category.


Fluorescence across the family Lampyridae has been documented sporadically but not comprehensively in formal research. Fireflies (Coleoptera: Lampyridae), best known for their bioluminescence, are also fluorescent. This fluorescence has been documented in several genera within the clade but is still an often overlooked aspect of firefly physiology in the common understanding of the species. To this end, the purpose of this study was to document and describe the fluorescence in nine species of North American fireflies, across three genera. Each species was photographed and a description of the fluorescent pattern was provided, as well as measurements of the specific spectral sensitivity of the fluorescent excitation and emission wavelengths. These data are intended to provide an identification guide of sorts to different firefly fluorescence, as well as documenting definitively its presence in several firefly genera.


We would like to thank and acknowledge the SDD team, the young people, and Arts Facilitator for their time given to this piece of research evaluation. We would also like to thank the Paul Hamlyn Foundation for funding the project and University of Exeter and University of Winchester for supporting additional research time for the University researchers.


Several bad factors,which the international travelers would meet in trip,were discussed in this article.We think it is very important to suggests travelers have physical examination,healthy evaluations, do some intervention measures and offer some effective travel medical healthcare services.


The photophysical properties of cinchona organocatalysts 1 (dehydroquinidine) and 2 (9-benzylcupreidine) in several organic solvents have been studied by means of absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy. In addition to a locally excited (LE) state emission near 360 nm for both compounds, broad emission bands were observed at longer wavelengths. For 1, the long-wavelength emission bands are pronounced in polar solvents, and their appearance is accompanied by a strong reduction of the LE emission. Electron transfer from the quinuclidine amino group to the locally excited quinoline ring is a likely mechanism that accounts for these observations. For 2, on the other hand, the long-wavelength emission is relatively strong even in nonpolar solvents. Protonation of the quinuclidine amino group by a strong acid in acetonitrile solution leads to an increase of the LE emission at the expense of the long wavelength bands, both for 1 and 2. Upon addition of water to 1 and 2 in acetonitrile, however, the emission spe...


Recent work on the X-pinch discharge has demonstrated that the resulting plasma formed at the junction of the crossed wires is an efficient x-ray source. The reproducible spatial localization of the bright source renders the X-pinch ideal for x-ray microscopy and lithography. Here we report on an X-pinch discharge driven by a small conventional capacitor bank. Observation shows that the plasma formed is qualitatively similar to that generated by higher voltage pulsed power machines although a more localized x-ray emitting region is observed. Strong asymmetry in the plasma is also present along the anode cathode axis. In the soft x-ray region, a long tail is seen on the anode side of the crossing point whereas a shorter emitting plasma is present on the cathode side. Experiments were conducted to investigate the formation mechanisms for the evolution of this asymmetry. Detailed comparison of the plasma evolution and the resulting x-ray radiation is presented.


This paper is concerned with the problem of distributed state estimation for Lur'e systems in sensor networks with impulsive effects and intermittent measurements. Based on a Lyapunov function method, sufficient conditions are presented which ensure all node estimators converging asymptotically. The gains of the estimators are obtained by solving certain linear matrix inequalities with some algebra constraints. Numerical examples are given to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed estimation method.


Abstract : Novel concepts and algorithms are presented for high throughput, arithmetic intensive applications in signal processing and communications. In addition, efficient implementations of these algorithms in a variety of modalities, including VLSI, and consideration of reliability and fault-tolerance issues are included. The highlights of the achievements of this effort are: 1. Linear phase FIR filters with computational efficiency of IIR filters; 2. VLSI implementation of FIR filters with binary coefficients based on redundancy removal techniques; 3. Optimal distribution of redundancy in hierarchical architectures, with faulty interconnects; 4. Commutative non-linearities and discrete filters; 5. Prime power to optimize the dynamic range of RNS-based computation; 6. Root coefficient space volume analysis sensitivity and resolution analysis; and 7. Robustness analysis of systems. (rh)


The invention discloses PP (polypropylene) filled masterbatch and a method for preparing the same. The PP filled masterbatch is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 11-13 parts of PP resin, 50-70 parts of heavy calcium carbonate, 10-30 parts of precipitated barium sulfate, 1-3 parts of talcum powder, 1-1.5 parts of composite lubricant, 0.2-0.3 part of antioxidant, 3-5 parts of grafted PP/POE (polyethylene octene elastomer), 0.2-0.5 part of DCP (dicumyl peroxid), 0.2-1 part of titanate coupling agent and 0.2-1 part of sodium benzoate. The process for preparing the PP filled masterbatch is characterized by granulation through melt extrusion by a twin-screw extruder. The PP, the heavy calcium carbonate and the precipitated barium sulfate are blended together to prepare the PP filled masterbatch with excellent dispersibility. The PP filled masterbatch can be added and stirred to the PP to prepare the product with stable size and high specific surface area through thedirect processing by an injecting-moulding machine.


John A. Weir, whose memory we honor tonight, was born in the American midwest, in Ardock, North Dakota. I, too, am a son of the American midwest, having been born and raised in Sioux City, Iowa. Dean Weir went north; I went east. But our paths cross here tonight, and I can ony hope that my remarks would have satisfied his high standards of learning and scholarship. My talk tonight on the alternate (or alternative) dispute resolution movement (ADR) will be divided into six parts: (1) Why the interest in ADR; (2) The various forms of alternate dispute resolution; (3) The goals of an optimum method of resolving disputes; (4) Evaluating some typical ADR programs; (5) ADR and the individual lawyer. Finally, the future of ADR, and whether it is likely to be the wave of the future or only a flash in the pan.


Granular is a form of material that is widely used in the industry. To move the granular material, energy is needed to form a flow of granular. Granular instability can be utilized to move granular material. Prevention of jamming and clogging is done by breaking down the parts of the granular, which are locking. Impinging fluid in the granular is used to create granular instability. An observation was made using the experimental method. The granular in the Hele-Shaw cell is shot with fluid in the granular body and results in instability motion. Fluid impinging breaks granular bonds and forms fluid cavities. Furthermore, the fluid cavity moves upward due to unstable conditions. Granular with a strong bond is loose in the form of the agglomerate. Agglomerate is destroyed in the process of moving because there is a drag force. Granular with weak bonds tries to maintain individually form fingering. Granular moves down in the settling process to find a stable position. Instability is affected by the bonds between the grains. A comparison between the cohesion force and the mass weight of the particles is expressed as a granular Bond number B og . In glass sand material, strong granular bonds occur at granular sizes below 100 µm. Granular bonds affect the movement of instability in groups. The value of the granular Bond number is greater than 1. At sizes of 100 to 230 µm, the granular bond still affects the granular instability with the fingering pattern in the granular motion. The value of the granular Bond number is close to 1. Granular sizes above 230 µm indicate the presence of non-dominant bonds between the grains. The individual granular mass is higher than the cohesion force that occurs at the interface between the granular, and the granular Bond number value is less than 1.


The negative effect of glass melts on the microstructure and high temperature mechanical properties of platinum are investigated, and a means for its reduction described


The polymerization of MMA and EMA by using a catalyst of Fe(acac)3-Al(i-Bu)3-8-hydroxy quinoline was investigated.The structure of the polymers is characterized by using NMR and IR techniques.The polymers obtained have mainly isotactic and syndiotactic structures.Molecular weight and its distribution were studied by GPC.The polymerization can be realized in solvents such as aromatic hydrocarbon and alkane.The yield is higher in alkane then in the others.The suitable Fe/8-hydroxy quinoline molar ratio is unity.The suitable Al/Fe molar ratio is eight.The suitable concentration of catalysts is =8.0×10 -3 ~1.2×10 -2 mol/L.The increasing reaction temperature causes an increase of the polymer yield.The suggested temperature range is 70~90℃.Kinetic studies show that the MMA and EMA polymerization are reactions of first order with respect to the monomer concentration.The apparent activation energies of MMA and EMA polymerization are 36^3 kJ/mol and 46^4 kJ/mol,respectively.


The comparison of the physical properties of two salts of DIMET (dimethyl-ethylenedithiotetrathiafulvalene) shows strong differences in both the electronic and the magnetic behaviour. These differences are shown to be in contradiction with the electronic dimerisation deduced from transfer integral calculations for these two salts. Starting from an accurate examination of the anion distribution along the stacking axis in these two salts, and using a simple model of Coulomb interactions, it will be emphasised that the contradiction no longer exists if the transfer integrals are calculated taking the potential of the anions into account.


Lecture notes for part of a model theory course given in Vienna. The proof of Morley's Categoricity Theorem is modelled on that of Ziegler's lecture notes [9], but has been restructured.


I have concerns that an article recently published in the Journal (1) needs some correction by its authors. on page 1246, line 14, in the right-hand column, the authors described the use of a reagent containing "8.64 n sodium bisulfite." I have been engaged in studies using bisulfite since my work 40 years ago revealed its ability to convert cytosine into uracil (2). I know that "8.64 n" is impossible because the saturation level of sodium bisulfite (naHSo3) in water is 5–6 M even at high temperatures. The authors' use of the letter "n" for concentration instead of the correct letter "M" is inappropriate, too. The bisulfite concentration in the DnA treatment is also problematic. The authors mixed one volume of the bisulfite solution with two volumes of the fecal sample. This would reduce the bisulfite concentration to one-third of the original. I am sure that the subsequent incubation would result in incomplete cytosine conversion, that is, false positives for methylation sites. I would appreciate it if you could have the authors address these defective aspects of this seemingly important contribution.


Proceedings of the Pipelines 2014 Conference, held in Portland, Oregon, August 3-6, 2014. Sponsored by the Pipelines Division of ASCE.


The quantitative interpretation of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) heat effect in A2009 aluminum alloy was investigated. DSC and metallographic techniques have been used to characterize the microstructure and behavior of A2009 alloy. Three models were used to study the kinetic of the precipitation process. Results obtained showed that the microstructure of the AlCu-Mg alloy reveals the Al2CuMg phase in the aluminum matrix. The precipitation and dissolution of GPB zones and the metastable S'


ICT has tremendously evolved in the last decade and has now focused on sustainability. This research aims to evaluate the environmental impact of ICT for an SME. Existing ICT equipment of that organisation will be examined methodologically using ISO 14040 guidelines, the SusteIT ICT Carbon footprint Tool, the Environmental Paper Network paper calculator. Interviews have also been conducted to support the audit. In order to evaluate the environmental impacts of ICT, electricity consumption, carbon footprint and paper usage will be examined.


This paper addresses the question of whether there is in fact a single model of Japanese education and training practices in Malaysia. This is done by analyzing survey-based data sets recently obtained from samples of Japanese and locally owned firms in the same industry. Research on auto manufacturing companies was carried out. Here a comparative study was made between a Japanese auto manufacturing company and three other local auto manufacturing companies two with Japanese interests and one fully Malaysian-owned. The objective of this research is to reveal to what extent Japanese education and training practices are introduced and practiced in Malaysian auto manufacturing companies, since the implementation of the Look East Policy. As it has been almost 20 years that the Look East Policy was in practice, emulation of the Japanese system of management in the local enterprises should be significant.


The purposes of this study are to establish a theoretical concept of nudism from sociocultural context, to examine its formative characteristics, to analyze the cultural meaning of nudism style showing in the 2000's fashion world, and to analyze and examine its aesthetic qualities. The way of a study was based on analysis and review on philosophy, aesthetics, sociology, popular culture and various documents at home and abroad and previous study and research materials about art and clothes for theoretical study. Also, we carried out a case study by analyzing photo data from fashion books, magazines and internet websites, considering the body and dress as visual objects. The summary and conclusions of this study are as follows: 1. Nudism of the sociocultural context was divided into change of understanding of the body and liberation of the body; naturalism; resistant culture; psychoanalysis context. 2. The formative characteristics of nudism style in fashion are classified in Exposure, Transparency and Body Conscious. 3. The cultural meaning of nudism style expressed in the 2000's fashion are sexual opening, surfeit of mass media, pursuit of naturalism, lookism, and individualism. 4. Nudism style expressed in 2000's fashion is drawn as three aesthetic qualities: Eroticism, Primitivism and Futurism. First, Eroticism of nudism style fashion which seeks for sexual stimulus is classified in Sensualism, Provocation and Innocence. Second, Primitivism of nudism style fashion which tends towards naturalism objecting to mechanic and digital civilization and hoping for return to the origin is classified in Primitivism, Naturalism and Sensualism as per aesthetics qualities. Futurism which is the nudism style presenting futuristic expression through using a new material is analyzed as High Technology, Cyber Sexism and functional Future.


An IR is made of complex A{sup 3}B{sup 2}MO{sub 4} oxides (M = Al, 3d-element) with layered K{sub 2}NiF{sub 4} structure in the 400-700 cm{sup -1} region, using YCaCr{sub x}Al{sub 1-x}O{sub 4} (0{le}{chi}{le} 0.1) solid solutions. A simple model of coupling of M-O (O-M-O) vibrations is proposed, which allows one to carry out a simultaneous analysis of the distribution of integrated intensities of components and relative shifts of absorption bands in IR spectra of the solid solutions under study. It was shown that Cr concentration {chi} = 0.05 is critical in the sense of the change of the symmetry of the closest surroundings (D{sub 4h}-C{sub 2v}), and the proposed spectroscopic parameters are very sensitive to the change of the structure of complex oxides (from tetragonal to orthorhombic symmetry) when substituting Cr for Al.


those of the Mitchell Institute. Over the past 25 years, the US Air Force has enjoyed unchallenged command and control (C2) of its forces, with adversaries unable to target or affect its networks or systems to a degree that has impacted operations. Unfortunately, the service cannot continue to count on that advantage going unchallenged, due to the enormous importance of cyberspace capabilities and networks in today's US and coalition combat operations, and growing adversary cyber capabilities around the world.


This paper aims at demonstrating how web 2.0 tools can operate in libraries helping the users care process and promoting improvements in the services of the reference sector. The main tools and features are identified, examples of their application in libraries are commented, and aspects about the appearance of the internet and web 2.0 are introduced. This study also focuses on costumers service and compares the generation of libraries ( 1.0 X 2.0 ). Examples of how to use these tools in the reference sector are presented. It is concluded that the adoption of these tools in libraries is very important and is a fact that should be considered by Brazilian information professionals as main point of the evolution process of libraries.


This study uses a qualitative research method with a descriptive design. The subjects in this study were a total of 4 people consisting of 1 person from the Head of the Sumda Division, and 3 members of the National Police, namely 1 Kasubbagwatpers SDM Division, 1 Kasubbagdalpers SDM Division. HR and 1 member of the National Police at the Magelang City Police Station. The object of this research is an effort to improve the performance of members. The results of this study explain that the performance of members of the National Police for Human Resources at the Magelang City Police less than optimal because due to a lack of personnel and the lack of basic skills and abilities possessed by personnel, then efforts to improve the performance of members of the National Police for Human Resources at the Magelang City Police by attending appropriate training. With individual conditions and the needs of their duties, the Head of the Human Resources Division of the Magelang City Police in the policy-making process. Improving the performance of its members, making policies carefully, transparently, accountable, and professionally.


The article provides a justification for the development of self-efficacy of young karate players from the first years of sports. The purpose of the study is to identify differences in self-efficacy assessments among young karate students. The study involved 20 young karate students of MBU «Olympian Sports School», Kyokushin branch, Noyabrsk, Russia. The sample consisted of young karate players of the initial training group of 10 people, the average age of 9.5 years, and the training stage group of 10 people, the average age of 11.7 years. To assess self-efficacy, an author's questionnaire was developed, which included 17 statements. The first block contained statements about personally significant motivation («I want»), the second block included statements about self-assessment of the success of training and competitive activities («I can»), the third block included questions about self-assessment of the effectiveness of interaction with the coach and teammates («Me and others»). The study has showed that the self-assessment of effectiveness in groups of young karate players changes with age, while positive dynamics can be noted. A significant difference in the assessment of self-efficacy and the presence of children with low self-esteem are observed in the group of 9-10 years old. At the same time, at the age of 11-12, the self-efficacy assessment is more consistent with the average and high level. The obtained results can be used in the work of sports psychologists and coaches in the organization of psychological and pedagogical work.


Throughout coronavirus disease (COVID‐19) outbreaks, the centers for disease control and prevention (CDCP) of a country require monitoring of particular territories to provide public health guidance. In this work, the Internet of Diseases (IoD) is suggested for continuous real‐time monitoring of infectious diseases for public health. Because converging information and communication technologies (ICTs) with point‐of‐care (POC) devices to enable the IoD for continuous real‐time health monitoring and processing of clinical records are crucial, an IoD platform associating a lab‐on‐a‐chip (LOC) device to diagnose severe acute respiratory syndrome‐coronavirus‐2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) from oropharyngeal saliva samples have been developed and uploaded the resulted diagnostic data into a cloud‐based system to be connected with CDCP. Moreover, a choropleth IoD map to visualize provincial infection rate is proposed along with the IoD platform. The developed platform is applied for the quantification of SARS‐CoV‐2 N‐protein antigen with a LOD as low as 0.013 ng mL−1 and the infection rate of various provinces is projected with the IoD map successfully. Thus, the proposed IoD system has the potential to become an imperative tool for the disease control and prevention centers to restrain COVID‐19 outbreaks by identifying the severity of particular regions.


Partial discharge in high-voltage electric rotating machines is unfavorable to the long-term operation of the machines and is associated with insulation failure. Throughout this history of manufacturing these machines, materials and techniques have been developed to suppress the onset of partial discharge, so that a number of modern solutions are available to manufacturers and repair shops. This paper is specifically intended as an introduction to classic design issues and solutions, providing information on the properties of materials used in the suppression of PD and on their selection for and application to high-voltage rotating machines. It also reviews a selection of recent material developments.


................................................................................................................................. iii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS .............................................................................................................v TABLE OF CONTENTS ........................................................................................................... vii LIST OF TABLES ....................................................................................................................... xi LIST OF FIGURES ................................................................................................................... xiii 1 INTRODUCTION..............................................................................................................1 1.1 General ....................................................................................................................1 1.2 Problem Statement and Objectives ......................................................................5 1.3 Experimental Framework .....................................................................................5 1.4 Computational Framework ...................................................................................7 1.5 Organization of the Report ...................................................................................8 2 BACKGROUND ..............................................................................................................11 2.1 Effective Width.....................................................................................................11 2.1.1 Concept of Effective Flange Width ...........................................................11 2.1.2 Effective Width of Flanged Beams in Building Codes ..............................14 2.1.3 Effective Width of Flanged Beams in Bridge Codes .................................17 2.2 Review of Literature ............................................................................................21 2.2.1 Effective Width for Bridge Girders ...........................................................22 2.2.2 Bridge Subassembly and Component Testing ...........................................24 2.2.3 Performance-Based Design of Bridges ......................................................29 3 DEVELOPMENT OF EXPERIMENTAL PROGRAM ..............................................31 3.1 Bridge Terminology .............................................................................................31 3.2 Prototype ...............................................................................................................33 3.3 Subassembly Development ..................................................................................35 3.3.1 Subassembly Geometry .............................................................................35 3.3.2 Boundary Conditions .................................................................................37 3.4 Specimen Design...................................................................................................39 3.5 Test Set-Up ...........................................................................................................42 3.6 Experimental Program ........................................................................................46


In this online appendix, we present the regression results containing all of the events included in our analysis. The tables in the main paper are subsets of the tables reported in this appendix. In each table, the first column reports the results for the subsample of hotels located in Charlotte's city center (ZIP code 28202), the second column reports the results for the subsample of hotels located in Mecklenburg County but outside of the Charlotte city center, the third column reports the results for the subsample of hotels located in the Charlotte suburbs, and last column reports the results for the entire Charlotte metropolitan area. Therefore, in each table the spatial distribution of any net effects of various events on the hotel market can be ascertained.


A fly by wire flight control system architecture designed for high reliability includes spare sensor and computer elements to permit safe dispatch with failed elements, thereby reducing unscheduled maintenance. A methodology capable of demonstrating that the architecture does achieve the predicted performance characteristics consists of a hierarchy of activities ranging from analytical calculations of system reliability and formal methods of software verification to iron bird testing followed by flight evaluation. Interfacing this architecture to the Lockheed S-3A aircraft for flight test is discussed. This testbed vehicle can be expanded to support flight experiments in advanced aerodynamics, electromechanical actuators, secondary power systems, flight management, new displays, and air traffic control concepts.