Background:Several important factors must be considered when deciding to return a soldier to duty after a traumatic brain injury (TBI). Premature return increases risk for not only second-impact syndrome during the acute phase but also permanent changes from repetitive concussions. Thus, there is a critical need for return-to-duty (RTD) assessment criteria that encompass the spectrum of injury and disease experienced by US soldiers, particularly TBI. Objectives:To provide evidence-based standards to eventually serve as criteria for operational competence and performance of a soldier after injury. Specifically, the relationships between clinical assessments and novel military-specific tasks were evaluated. Method:Exploratory analyses (including nonparametric tests and Spearman rank correlations) of an archived database. Participants:A total of 79 patients with TBI who participated in an RTD assessment program at a US Army rehabilitation and recovery center. Main Measures:Military Functional Assessment Program (to determine a soldier's operational competence and performance after TBI) tasks; Dizziness Handicap Inventory; Dynamic Visual Acuity (vestibular function); Sensory Organization Test (postural control); Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (neuropsychological screening test); Beck Depression Inventory-II; Beck Anxiety Inventory; Comprehensive Trail Making Test (visual search and sequencing); posttraumatic stress disorder checklist military version; Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test; Epworth Sleepiness Scale; Patient Health Questionnaire; and Military Acute Concussion Evaluation. Results:Selected military operational assessment tasks correlated significantly with clinical measures of vestibular function, psychological well-being, and cognitive function. Differences on occupational therapy assessments, a concussion screening tool, and a self-report health questionnaire were seen between those who passed and those who failed the RTD assessment. Specifically, those who passed the RTD assessment scored more favorably on these clinical assessments. Conclusions:This study demonstrated convergent validity between Military Functional Assessment Program tasks and clinical assessment scores. The Military Functional Assessment Program shows promise for augmenting decision making related to RTD and soldier skills. Additional research is needed to determine the effectiveness of this program in predicting RTD success.


Antibodies against exogenously injected insulin are common with insulin treatment but seldom have serious effects on blood glucose (1). In insulin autoimmune syndrome (IAS), however, the insulin antibody causes hypoglycemia (2) in the absence of exogenous insulin treatment.

Here, we report a case of type 1 diabetes with insulin antibody, whereby the patient developed nocturnal hypoglycemia after desensitization therapy for an insulin allergy.

After receiving insulin therapy for 1 year, a 61-year-old man was admitted to our hospital because of an insulin allergy and poor control of diabetes. He had an itchy eruption at the insulin injection site. At the time of admission, the patient presented with an HbA1c level of 16.2% (154 mmol/mol); anti-GAD antibody 80.0 U/L (<1.5 U/mL); serum C-peptide level 0.01 ng/mL after glucagon injection (fasting 0.67–2.48 ng/mL); and insulin-specific IgE 41.5 UA/mL (<0.34 …


Objective:To analyze the results of concurrent or sequent chemoradiotherapy for advanced (stage Ⅱ and Ⅲ) rectal cancer.Methods:36 cases were in stage Ⅱ and 56 cases were in stage Ⅲ of rectal cancer,and randomized into four groups after curative resection.In group Ⅱ a (16 cases) and Ⅲ a (27 cases) sequent chemoradiotherapy was given,and in group Ⅱ b (20 cases) and Ⅲ b (29 cases) concurrent chemoradiotherapy was given.Results:The results of treatment showed no singnificant difference in patients of stage Ⅱ,on the other hand,to those who are in stage Ⅲ,the one year survival rate in the two groups (Ⅲ a Vs Ⅲ b) are 77.8 % VS 82.8 % ( P 0.05) and 38.1 % Vs 75 % ( P 0.05).The one year and three year disease free survival rate were 44.4 % Vs 75.9 % ( P 0.05) and 23.8 % Vs 58.3 % ( P 0.05).Conclusion:These results demonstrated that concurrent chemoradiotherapy is obviously better than sequent chemoradiotherapy to those patients with rectal cancer of stage Ⅲ.


The Finite-State-Machine (FSM) evolution using Genetic Algorithm (GA) is a typical theme in Evolvable Hardware (EHW) research. In this paper, an improved GA is described for FSM evolution. According to the characteristic that output is relevant to state transition in FSM, this algorithm divides the chromosome representing FSM into state transition gene and output gene for stage-by-stage evolution. Experimental results indicate that this improved GA greatly decreases the complexity of FSM evolution and gets better performance.


This work is focused on how join operator works in heterogeneous environment. Join is a means for combining fields from two tables by using values common to each. Join operation is considered as one of the fundamental operations of relational databases and it is also difficult operation to efficiently implement. The testing of the effectiveness of join algorithms is proposed. Adaptive join algorithms have recently attracted a lot of attention in emerging applications where data is provided by autonomous data sources through heterogeneous network environments. In traditional join techniques, they can start producing join results as soon as the first input tuples are available, thus improving pipelining by smoothing join result production and by masking source or network delays. In this work, Evaluation of the performance and comparison of Multiway join (MJoin), Double Index Nested Loop Reactive Join (DINER), and Multiple Index Nested Loop Reactive Join (MINER).My proposed system shows that improved MINER outperforms in comparison with the previous join algorithms in producing result tuples at a significantly higher rate, while making better use of the available memory International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology (IJERT) Vol. 1 Issue 9, November2012 ISSN: 2278-0181 1 www.ijert.org IJ E R T


Two attractive theses about epistemic rationality—evidentialism and the enkratic principle—jointly imply that a certain sort of self-misleading evidence is impossible. That is to say, if evidentialism and the enkratic principle are both true, one's evidence cannot support certain false beliefs about what one's evidence supports. Recently, some epistemologists have argued that self-misleading evidence is possible, since misleading higher-order evidence doesn't have the strong defeating force needed to rule out this possibility. The goal of this chapter is to offer an account of higher-order defeat that does indeed render self-misleading evidence impossible. Central to the account is the idea that higher-order evidence acquires its normative significance by influencing which conditional beliefs it's rational to have. What emerges is an independently plausible view of higher-order evidence that allows us to reconcile evidentialism and the enkratic principle.


ALLOTYPES are the antigenic expression of polymorphism of macromolecules of a par ticular species. These allotypic antigens are of great potential importance in forensic identifi cation because the polymoφhic expressions, as with the blood group antigens, are genetically determined and characteristic of the individual. Various serum proteins exhibit polymoφhism and a great deal of attention has been paid in recent years to those of serum V globulin (IgG). The IgG allotypes of the rab bit have been especially well studied (see Kelus and Gell, 1967) and powerfully precipitating antibody reagents can be prepared by inject ing selected rabbits with a suspension of killed Proteus vulgaris (or other organism) coated with rabbit antibody possessing a different allotype. There are seven main IgG allotypic antigens in rabbits determined by genes at two loci: As 1, 2 and 3 are allelic as are As 4, 5, 6 and 9. The reaction between these allotypic anti genic determinants on IgG and the correspond ing antibodies can be shown by precipitation or by passive haemagglutination and anti globulin reactions. Styles, Dodd and Coombs (1963) showed that the species nature of plasma IgG in a blood stain could be identified by the mixed anti globulin reaction on blood-soaked cloth fibres, using a specific antiglobulin serum. It was also suggested at that time that the mixed antiglobulin reaction could possibly be adapted for the recognition of human Gm and Inv allotypes in stains. We have not ourselves, as yet, investigated this possibility but have car ried out experiments using the mixed anti globulin procedure to see whether, by this


Fourier Transform Infrared gas analyzers have been widely used for speedy quantitative analyses of gases, and it is found that in many cases field maintainability determines the instruments' online applicability instead of the instrument's accuracy as is desired. To be maintenance-free is both the target of online instruments and the key to their field applications. Analyses show that if a background can be collected simultaneously with the sample spectrum, the transmittance will be only a function of concentration. Gas spectra collected on Nicolet670 of attenuated inputs and adjusted gains are examined via OMNIC software. Collected data exhibit that the absorbance spectra keep constant when input energy increases 8 times and the instrument gains becomes to 2.0 and 4.0 times. On viewing the absorption peaks vary with wavenumber in high "frequency" and that of the spectrometer itself in low frequency, by subtracting its instrumental response function of a transmittance spectrum extracted by wavelet transform, an absorbance spectrum of air is obtained and comparisons demonstrate that it is a summation of absorbance of the sample and that of gases in the optical path of the spectrometer. Calibration-free and background-free principles are thus exhibited and they construct maintenance-free principles of FTIR gas analyzers.


Solly Zuckerman was born on 30 May 1904 and died following a heart attack almost 89 years later, full of honours and though becoming frail, still at work. I was moved along by one accident after another with little or no idea of who I was or of what I would become and with little notion of what the morrow would bring. Up to the time of the Second World War I should have laughed if anyone had suggested that in the years ahead I would become involved in public events. Both sides of his family had come to South Africa from Eastern Europe in the 19th century. His father ran a furniture business in Cape Town. He was a gentle and unambitious man who demanded little. His mother, on the other hand, was a busy taskmistress who was always wanting more from a boy who was aloof, uninterested and reserved. School had to be survived and organized games were disliked. His substitute was mountaineering and this activity led to his observing the social behaviour of the troops of baboons that he encountered on his climbs and hence to his earliest and constantly recurring scientific interest.


[1] An understanding of the architecture of the ocean crust's volcanic layer is critical since this records the variations in volcanic activity during formation and subsequently controls the movement of hydrothermal fluids through this layer. Unfortunately, core recovery in the majority of Ocean Drilling Program (ODP)/Deep Sea Drilling Program basement holes is generally low and biased toward more massive lithologies. Consequently, the identification and estimation of lithological diversity within the volcanic layer is only possible through the integration of core and wire line logging results. Wire line logging provides nearly continuous records of both physical and chemical properties of the borehole wall, which can be used to identify the various volcanic/sedimentary lithologies, which then can be calibrated in regions of enhanced core recovery. Using this approach, the architecture of the volcanics from ODP Hole 896A has been reconstructed. This new model illustrates a hiatus in volcanism marked by a thick breccia horizon, which probably marks the transition from axis to off-axis volcanism.


Weakly supervised semantic segmentation (WSSS), which aims to mine the object regions by merely using class-level labels, is a challenging task in computer vision. The current state-of-the-art CNN-based methods usually adopt Class-Activation-Maps (CAMs) to highlight the potential areas of the object, however, they may suffer from the part-activated issues. To this end, we try an early attempt to explore the global feature attention mechanism of vision transformer in WSSS task. However, since the transformer lacks the inductive bias as in CNN models, it can not boost the performance directly and may yield the over-activated problems. To tackle these drawbacks, we propose a Convolutional Neural Networks Refined Transformer (CRT) to mine a globally complete and locally accurate class activation maps in this paper. To validate the effectiveness of our proposed method, extensive experiments are conducted on PASCAL VOC 2012 and CUB-200-2011 datasets. Experimental evaluations show that our proposed CRT achieves the new state-of-the-art performance on both the weakly supervised semantic segmentation task the weakly supervised object localization task, which outperform others by a large margin.


SUMMARY The 'Maelifell caldera' is the name given to a separate collapse area situated on the southern margin of the main caldera of the Tertiary Alftafjordur volcano. It is 2 km in diameter and is made up of inward dipping welded tuffs, agglomerate (including patches of welded agglomerate), tuffaceous sediments and rhyolite and andesite lavas. The welded tuffs occur as thin pitchstone sheets and as much thicker felsitic masses: the former contain inclusions of basalt glass and are good examples of the simultaneous eruption of acid and basic magmas. It is suggested that the caldera represents the core of a parasitic volcano, beneath which there was a high level acid magma chamber, the immediate source of the local acid rocks. The magma chamber was intersected by numerous intrusions of basic magma, and these caused explosive eruptions and the emission of acid and basic magma to form thin pitchstone sheets. Decreased pressure in the magma chamber after eruptions caused repeated collapse within the cal


In order to provide experimental evidences for the rapid identification of kudzu starch, 7 brands of commercial kudzu starch and kudzu starch prepared in our laboratory were subjected to morphological observation and determination of physiochemical properties such as transparency, solubility, viscosity, retrogradation, swelling power, and puerarin, amylose and amylopectin contents and freeze-thaw stability. Results indicated significant differences in physiochemical properties were observed among 8 kudzu starch samples.


Localization is a fundamental and essential issue for wireless sensor networks (WSNs). In this paper, a three-dimensional localization scheme, iterative calculation of secondary grid division localization scheme (ICSGDLS), was proposed for wireless sensor networks. In this scheme, forty beacon nodes and five hundred unknown sensor nodes were randomly deployed in a cube, which is divided into smaller cubes twice. The position information of unknown nodes could be got by iteratively calculating the centroid of smaller cubes. Simulation showed that the scheme could estimate the position of a node more accurately at a less cost. The average location error could be decreased by 67.7%.


A discrete artificial bee colony algorithm (DABC) is proposed for solving the permutation flow shop scheduling problem (PFSSP) with minimum makespan criterion. Firstly, the NEH heuristic was combined the random initialization to the population for quality and diversity. Secondly, a new individual enhancement scheme is proposed to combine the swap, insert, inverse and adjacent exchange operation. Third, the fast local search is used to enhancing the individuals. Fourth, the pair-wise based local search is used to enhance the global optimal solution and escape from local minimum. Lastly, simulations and comparisons based on PFSSP benchmarks are carried out, which show that our algorithm is effectively and efficiently for solving the PFSSP.


Summary form only given. A considerable attention has been paid to development of a nanotip for the electron source and the cantilever of scanning microscopes. A point electron source is strongly desired to improve performance of high-resolution electron beam instruments. A single carbon nanotube (CNT) is expected as one of the most promising materials to achieve a small apex radius of the device. There has been a report on field emission characteristics of the single CNT. This paper describes a novel finding that a single crystalline tungsten nanotip with an apex radius as small as 4.2 nm is grown on the top of the conventional polycrystalline tungsten tip prepared by electrochemical etching. An electron emission current of 1 nA is obtained at an electric field as low as xxx V/mum and an electron emission current as high as 0.1 mA is achieved from a single tungsten nanotip emitter. Tungsten nanotip emitter was fabricated as follows. A conventional tungsten tip with an apex radius of 100 nm was formed by electrochemical etching and was coated with BN film. The BN film was grown by plasma-assisted chemical vapor deposition. Borontrichloride and nitrogen were used as source gases. The growth temperature was fixed at 650degC. The tungsten tip with BN film was set in the high vacuum chamber. DC bias was supplied between the anode electrode and the tungsten tip sample. As a result, it was found that a tungsten nanotip was grown on the conventional tungsten tip though the formation mechanism was not understood yet. It was observed by transmission electron microscope that a single crystalline tungsten nanotip with (110) crystallographic orientation was grown. Field emission characteristics were measured in the chamber evacuated to 1times10-9 torr. The turn-on electric field at an emission current of 1 nA was estimated to be 8.8times10-2 V/mum for the conventional tungsten emitter On the other hand the turn-on electric field was estimated to be as low as 2.6times10-2 V/mum for the tungsten nanotip field emitter. An electron emission current as high as 0.1 mA was achieved. These field emission characteristics of the single tungsten nanotip are comparable with those of the single CNT


The present consumer behavior is manipulated by "fast fashion", where purchasing new, trendy, affordable clothes is preferred over recycling old ones. This changing mannerism has escalated the GHG emissions from the fashion industry. Energy-intensive raw material production, preparation, and processing contribute to considerable emissions. The management of the returned goods from the primary market and further processing through the secondary outlets indulge in reverse logistics. In this paper, efforts are made to minimize the total cost and the carbon emission amount during the process of managing the return articles from the primary market to the reverse distribution center, further processing of the articles at the secondary outlet, and the return of the unsold or excess articles from the secondary outlet. Reverse cross-docking has been implemented in managing the return articles, while environmental concerns over GHG emissions have been addressed by investing in green technology under a strict carbon cap policy. In this research, return articles from the primary and secondary markets, rework of the returned articles, and disposal of the impaired returned articles have been considered. The carbon emission cost at all stages of transportation, rework, or disposal has also been incorporated into this model. A constrained mixed integer linear programming model is proposed and solved considering green investment. A numerical example has been formulated to investigate the effect of green technology on the total cost. The results portray that, though the total cost increases by nearly 2% due to investment in green technology, it ensures a considerable drop of 23% in the carbon emission amount. Also, the result is successful in establishing that reverse cross-docking is a better option than traditional warehousing in terms of minimizing the cost.


This paper looks at the background and content of EOPs and at the assumptions behind them . It then examines the existing literature on them before reporting some research findings from a study of equal opportunity employers (EOEs) conducted in Sheffield in 1988. Finally, it examin s the the perspective of how to promote equality ofemployment outcomes le quitable shares of employment for currently disadv ntage groups within EOPS BACKGROUND, CONTENT AND ASSUMPTIONS 'Equal opportunities policies' (EOPs) have been in fashion with a variety of institutional and business interests in the UK for most of the 1980s. In essence they amount to selling rationalised bureaucratic methods of selection and recruitment to capitalist enterprises and to disadvantaged groups in terms of their benefits to both sets of interests. In the first instance it is useful to distinguish between factors involved in the promotion of EOPs and factors involved in their adoption. The promotion of EOPs in Britain may be seen as the product of coincidence of a number of trends. Firstly, and most significantly there is the increasing scale and volume of organised and semi-organised protest by groups excluded from or disadvantaged in the labour market. Most notable here has been protest and campaigning by black people (exemplarised by the uprisings of the early 1980s) and by women. Protest and campaigning by the disabled, gays and lesbians and people on Economic League lists have also been increasingly evident. Secondly, there is the preference of Conservative governments since 1979 for voluntaristic and business-led 'solutions' to problems of disadvantage, rather than compulsory and state-led ones. This is reflected positively in the ideology of 'active citizenship' and negatively in general governmental disparagement and undermining of the set of legal and institutional instruments for dealing with disadvantage established by Labour governments in the 1960s and 1970s. Thirdly, there are efforts by the Commission for Racial Equality (CRE) and Equal Opportunities Commission (EOC)


Studies on the effect of varying light intensity on the spatial distribution of flying insect communities are rare, particularly in complex ecosystems like forests. The horizontal and vertical distribution of Heteroptera was studied at different scales in a large deciduous forest area, the "Steigerwald", in southern Germany. Diversity was affected by (1) vertical position: it was significantly higher near the ground than in the canopy of beech-dominated forests but similar in oak-dominated forests; within the canopy of beech-dominated forests, diversity was significantly higher in the upper than in the lower canopy of intermixed oak trees but similar in beech trees; (2) canopy cover, but in oak forests the response depended on the vertical position: increasing significantly close to the forest floor with decreasing canopy cover, but showing an opposite trend in the canopy; so that in sparse stands (little canopy cover) diversity was significantly higher near the ground, whereas where the forest canopy was medium or dense diversity was higher in the canopy. Moreover, community composition of Heteroptera near the ground differed from that in the canopy in both forest types and near the ground between stands in oak-dominated forest that had canopies of different densities. Results clearly indicate that light intensity is an important direct or indirect factor structuring Heteroptera communities. While in the canopy differences in leaf quality and microhabitats might be important, near the forest floor it is more likely to be the diversity of herbaceous plants.


159 Background: Metabolic activity as defined by the uptake of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) on Positron Emission Tomography (PET) has proven beneficial as a prognostic marker for multiple malignancies; however, no study has examined the prognostic value of PET in stage I and II pancreatic cancer. We examined the value of PET FDG uptake in early pancreatic cancer.

METHODS
Using a comprehensive pancreatic adenocarcinoma database, we identified patients with early stage pancreatic cancer (I-II) who underwent pancreatectomy for cancer and had PET scan performed as part of their preoperative evaluation from 2004 to 2010. Patients were divided by the median primary tumor standard uptake value (SUVmax) into two groups: high and low FDG uptake. The primary outcomes were overall survival (OS) and disease free survival (DFS). Kaplan-Meier estimate was used for survival analysis. Pathologic data were compared using Fisher's exact and chi-square.

RESULTS
We identified 105 patients with resected stage I and II pancreatic cancer who had PET scans as part of their preoperative evaluation. 51 patients had low FDG uptake while 54 patients had high FDG uptake. The median age at diagnosis was 69 (24-89) years, 57% of the patients were male. 84 (81%) patients had PET avid tumors, while 20 (19%) patients did not. The median SUVmax was 5.1. High FDG uptake correlated with pathologic stage (p=0.012). Median follow-up was 12.3 (0-56) months. Patients with low FDG uptake had a significantly better median OS than patients with high FDG uptake (27 vs. 16 months; p=0.036). Recurrence occurred in 64 (60%) patients. Patients with low FDG uptake had significantly longer median DFS than patients with high FDG uptake (14 vs. 12 months; p=0.049).

CONCLUSIONS
Low 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose uptake in PET scans for stage I and II pancreatic cancer correlates with improved overall survival and disease free survival. This observation supports the concept that glucose metabolic pathways are important in pancreatic cancer biology, and that PET scan activity can be used as a prognostic biomarker after pancreatectomy for pancreatic cancer.


The importance of marketing strategies in the Banking Industries cannot be over emphasized because it is an important aim of banking sector. Due to competition within and outside the country, these has brought about globalization and an improvement in customer awareness, and have made banks to use marketing as an important tool to increase returns, improve the productivity of the Nigerian banking system and also compete effectively.
This study is set out to investigate the survival strategies of marketers in the Nigerian banking industry with specific focus on deposit money banks. The data gathered were analyzed by using frequency and percentages. The hypothesis formulated for the study was tested by the use of the chi-square method to arrive at the research result. Findings revealed that marketing strategy development are important for continuing growth and survival of business organization in this volatile Nigerian marketing environment.


The destruction by x rays of the plaque-forming ability of three phages and spores of Bacillus, megterium strains lysogenic for these phages is studied. It is found that the phages inactivate in a single-target fashion, whereas the spores inactivate in a two-target fashion as a function of x-ray dose. There is in every case a constant ratio between radiation size of the free phage and radiation size of the corresponding plaqueforming ability of the lysogenic spore. These results are interpreted to mean that the plaque-formning ability of the spore is destroyed by destroying the prophage, that there are two prophages per spore, and that for noninducible lysogenic strains the prophage is not an addition to already existing bacterial genetic material, but results from the replacement of existing bacterial genetic by, or its transformation into, phage genetic material. (auth)


Contrary to earlier reports, oral bisphosphonate use in older patients at high risk for osteoporosis does not appear to be associated with a significant risk of subsequent musculoskeletal pain.


Air particulates were surveyed in a home with central ventilation and an electrostatic filter in the main air duct with the returning air sampled. The average counts, in the 0.3μ 0.5μ, and 1.0μ ranges, were related to the normal activities, children playing, house cleaning, and smoking, with the following observations: Counts in all ranges under minimal activity were significantly different when the filter was on compared to when the filter was off. Cleaning and dusting in the home overwhelmed the filter. Smoking one cigar in the home raised particle counts from 10 to 100 times. These particle counts stayed up for at least three hours when the filter was off. The counts returned towards base line levels in one to two hours with the filter on.


Motivated by automated junction recognition in tracking data, we study a problem of placing a square or disc of fixed size in an arrangement of lines or line segments in the plane. We let distances among the intersection points of the lines and line segments with the square or circle define a clustering, and study the complexity of \emph{critical} placements for this clustering. Here critical means that arbitrarily small movements of the placement change the clustering.
A parameter $\varepsilon$ defines the granularity of the clustering. Without any assumptions on $\varepsilon$, the critical placements have a trivial $O(n^4)$ upper bound. When the square or circle has unit size and $0 < \varepsilon < 1$ is given, we show a refined $O(n^2/\varepsilon^2)$ bound, which is tight in the worst case.
We use our combinatorial bounds to design efficient algorithms to compute junctions. As a proof of concept for our algorithms we have a prototype implementation that showcases their application in a basic visualization of a set of $n$ trajectories and their $k$ most important junctions.


Near Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS) was applied by reflectance mode for nutrient content in fish meal. The data pretreatment methods were Partial Least Squares (PLS) Regression and Multiple Linear Regression (MLR). In this study, PLS calibration equations were suitable for assessment of nutrient content of fish meal. The results shown the correlation coefficient (R) for crude protein, moisture, crude fiber and crude ash were 0.96, 0.97 0.84 and 0.97, respectively. They can be used as quality assurance (R 0.96-0.97). The standard error of prediction (SEP) for crude protein, moisture, crude fiber and crude ash were 1.55, 0.47, 0.15 and 1.69, respectively. The Ratio Performance Deviation (RPD) value of crude protein, moisture and crude ash by PLS were 3.27, 4.03 and 2.75, respectively which greater than 2.4. They can be used as screening purposes for estimation of protein, moisture and crude ash, except crude fiber (RPD =1.80). The verification of accuracy of PLS calibration by paired t-test for crude protein, moisture, crude fiber and crude ash in fish meal were shown the value of t cal <t crit , so it was indicated that they did not significant difference at 95% confidence. The NIRS method can be used as a screening method to monitor the quality of fish meal and fish meal adulterated with feather meal and to select samples which not complied with the specification of registration according to the feed quality control act B.E. 2525 to confirm the nutrient content by the reference method.


Today, health promotion faces a parodox in our understanding of intersectoral collaboration for health. These are the best of times because of the richness and quality of research and theory building that is occurring; but they are the also the worst of times in that we are now beginning to grasp the real di¤culties of the task. Ten years on from the Ottawa Charter, we are moving beyond the rhetoric and not only getting our hands dirty, but in many cases our ¢ngers burnt. But we are also starting to document more thoroughly and evaluate more e¡ectively what we are doing, in ways that will make the terrain perhaps more accessible and less hazardous to those who follow. The papers by O'Neil et al. (pp. 79^87) and Costongs and Springett (pp. 9^19) in this issue are exemplary in this regard. They utilise not only rigorous and creative methodologies, but they also provide new (or rediscovered) theoretical perspectives. These help shed new light on how our e¡orts may be more usefully conceptualised and improved. In many ways, the thinking in these papers re£ects similar developments occurring in other disciplines concerned with partnerships and alliances between organisations. Thus it could be said that these are also the best of times in that something approaching an organisational collaboration `Zeitgeist' has become apparent in recent years. Networks, processes and strategic alliances are now the de¢ning characteristics of `modern' organisational relations, according to many management writers. The 1994 de¢nition of a `strategic alliance' developed by the Australian Institute of Management's Roundtable, for example, could have been found in any number of health promotion publications:


(NK) cells are at the first line of defence against tumours, but their anti‐tumour mechanisms are not fully understood. We aimed to investigate the mechanism by which NK cells can mediate immunotherapy against head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). We collected fifty‐two pairs of HNSCC tissues and corresponding adjacent normal tissues; analysis by RT‐qPCR showed underexpression of CXCL14 in HNSCC tissues. Primary NK cells were then isolated from the peripheral blood of HNSCC patients and healthy donors. CXCL14 was found to be consistently under‐expressed in the primary NK cells from the HNSCC patients. However, CXCL14 expression was increased in IL2‐activated primary NK cells and NK‐92 cells. We next evaluated NK cell migration, IFN‐γ and TNF‐α expression, cytotoxicity and infiltration in response to CXCL14 overexpression or knockdown using gain‐ and loss‐of‐function approach. The results exhibited that CXCL14 overexpression promoted NK cell migration, cytotoxicity and infiltration. Subsequent in vivo experiments revealed that CXCL14 suppressed the growth of HNSCC cells via activation of NK cells. ChIP was applied to study the enrichment of H3K27ac, p300, H3K4me1 and CDX2 in the enhancer region of CXCL14, which showed that CDX2/p300 activated the enhancer of CXCL14 to up‐regulate its expression. Rescue experiments demonstrated that CDX2 stimulated NK cell migration, cytotoxicity and infiltration through up‐regulating CXCL14. In vivo data further revealed that CDX2 suppressed tumorigenicity of HNSCC cells through enhancement of CXCL14. To conclude, CDX2 promotes CXCL14 expression by activating its enhancer, which promotes NK cell–mediated immunotherapy against HNSCC.


This is a theological rather than a philosophical work, though the distinction is not absolute. The author takes up the idea of the numinous or holy, which has become familiar through Otto's book, and works out the implications of that notion, chiefly by reference to the religion of Israel. There is a certain amount of anthropological matter, and there could with advantage have been more. If the theologians had been more conversant with primitive religions, and with the Tabu Mana theory, the idea of Otto's book would have appeared an application rather than a discovery. There is much that is useful and valuable within these pages, but the author introduces some curious speculations. He speaks of Jeans' reference to radiations from some unknown source coming into our universe, and then refers to the possibility of powers of a greater penetrative capacity coming from some source inaccessible to psychology, and adds: "What if prayer, faith, hope, holiness are mighty forces, the laws of whose working not only apply throughout our universe but transcend it ?" He thinks this will help against the "rising tide of materialism." The argument seems strangely inconsequential, for such things may indeed be mighty forces, but they are not of the kind to which reference is made in the paragraph, and it is news that in these days the tide of materialism is rising. Mr. Willink seems to have the idea of radiation oddly fixed in his brain, for a paragraph heading refers to "Radio-active powers of the holy body," but reference to the text does not help much, as all that is said is that holiness radiates, as one might say, I presume, influence does, but this is not intelligibly radio-activity. One also thinks the diagram on p. 187 rather out of place.


Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is an incurable global health burden and is characterised by progressive airflow limitation and loss of lung function.  In addition to the pulmonary impact of the disease, COPD patients often develop c


Objective: To find out the therapy method and the curative effect on herpes zoster in community sanitation service station.Methods: 45 cases are cured by acupuncture and acyclovir as treatment group,while 42 cases are doctored by acyclovir,vitamin B1,vitamin B12,amitriptyline and fenbid as control group.Results: The cured rate of the treatment group is 88.89 %,and the percentage of its neuralgia symptom left behind is 11.11 %,while the cured rate of the control group is 73.81 %,and the percentage of its neuralgia symptom left behind is 36.59 %.The difference between the 2 groups is statistically valuable(P0.05).Conclusion: The curative effect of the acupuncture therapy combined with acyclovir on herpes zoster is so reliable that it can be broadly applied and highly valued in the community in the near future.


The common ash, with its extremely valuable wood, with its remarkable potential of bioproduction and adaptation in various stations, contains as an elite tree whose expansion in culture is always welcome.(Stănescu, V., et. al, 1997 ). It is a tree of great value for mixed culture in meadows, in the hill mixed hardwood forest and in European beech stands, too. (Doniţă, N., et. al, 2004). Based on the importance of common ash wood, of special quality, with multiple industrial uses, we undertook this study to position it exactly in the main tree species from Romania in terms of physical characteristics and mechanical and technological properties of the wood.


A 1956 survey of the parole rules in each of the states revealed that in general the rules had changed little in one hundred years. Further comparison showed that no single rule was common to all of the states, that some parole documents contained as many as twenty to thirty rules, that some of the rules were unenforce able, that some were parts of statutes or were policy matters, and that there seemed to be a tendency to increase the number and rigidity of the rules in direct proportion to the inferior quality of the parole system.


One of the important differences between software libraries and frameworks is the so-called Hollywood principle ("don't call us, we'll call you") [Cotter,Potel'95]. This principle is the basis to understand how an object-oriented framework promotes design reuse and has to do with the definition of the control flow. With a software library approach, a software engineer writes code that calls the routines supplied by the library, so it is the software engineer that is


The introduction, availability, and marketing of a transparent and decisive method for determining genetic connections, while irrefutably solving the issue of biological paternity has posed new challenges about the precise constitution and meaning offatherhood.' This article presents the results ofa qualitative study ofthe experience of paternity testing specifically from the perspective of men who were tested or who were unsure of paternity. It presents data on these men's own perceptions of fatherhood. What the study found was that, while biology mattered and the testing was important to men, it did not always solve important issues around fathering and nongenetic ties.


We developed and validated a sensitive, specific, a nd rapid HPLC assay for ketoprofen measurement in human plasma and studied its stability under various cond itions. After extraction with the tert butyl methyl ether, ketoprofen and diclofenac (internal standard) were eluted on 8 Nova-Pak C 18 , 4 µm cartridge at room temperature (RT) with a run time of 10 min. The mobile phase consisted of 0.2% glacial ace tic acid (pH 3.0) and acetonitrile (50:50, v:v). The analytes were detected using phot odiode array detector set at 258 nm. The response w as linear over the range of 0.02‐10 µg/ml. Extraction recover y of ketoprofen and inter-run bias and precision we re ≥ 90% (mean 96%), ≤ 2%, and ≤ 8.1%, respectively. Ketoprofen was stable in plasm a for 24 hours at RT (100%), 10 weeks at ‐20 0 C ( ≥ 97%), and after 3 cycles of freeze at ‐20 0 C and thaw at RT (98%). In extracted samples, ketoprofen was stable for 24 hours at RT ( ≥ 94%) and 48 hours at‐20 0 C (99%). Stock solution of ketoprofen (1 mg/ml in methanol) was stable for 48 hours at RT (1 00%) and 10 weeks at ‐20 0 C (96%). Ketoprofen level was 3.64 µg/ml one hour after the ingestion of a 50 mg thera peutic dose. The data indicate that the described a ssay is suitable


The tension,impact and drop welght tesring(DWT) tests were perfomed on X80 pipeline steel for the 2nd west-east gas pipeline project.Obvious fracture separation was found on the fracture surface of the sample.The fracture separation reason was investigated by using electron backscatter diffraction(EBSD) technique to analyze the transformation of microstructure and textures of the pipeline steel before and after annealing.The results show that there were obvious textures of {111} 〈110〉 and {110} 〈001〉 in hot rolled X80 steel plate,but a reduction of the two textures and a new texture of {110} 〈111〉 was found after annealing at 700 ℃ for 2 h.The average grain size of the pipeline steel changed from 2.27 μm to 2.84 μm,and the fracture separation was reduced or even eliminated after annealing.


We approach the recent argument put in this journal that teaching assistants (TAs) should be more strongly trained, monitored and supervised when teaching on intervention programmes. We suggest that the argument sits uneasily with wider management and educational literature. We examine TAs' experience of delivering important intervention programmes in mathematics and literacy. TAs report considerable variation in both their training and the quality of management involvement in their teaching. Consequently, we argue for an approach that includes TAs in a form of distributed leadership which recognises their specific capabilities rather than the model advocated both by government documents and by some researchers.


The Appalachian region of the US is home to the most extensive temperate deciduous forest in the world, which provides many ecosystem services and economic benefits. However, Appalachian forests have undergone significant disturbance due to surface mining, resulting in fragmentation and net loss of productive forests. Invasive species are common on these severely disturbed landscapes, challenging efforts to restore native forests as advocated by the Forestry Reclamation Approach. Autumn olive (Elaeagnus umbellata), a nitrogen-fixing exotic shrub, is one of the most prevalent invasive species in this region and is viewed as a major deterrent of reclamation success. We review the literature on the impacts of exotic species on restoration, as well as advocating for continued progress in our ecological understanding of plant function in reclaimed ecosystems. In addition, we characterized the following at an active surface mine: 1) the effect of substrate and reclamation vegetation on autumn olive establishment and performance, and 2) the effect of autumn olive management on native hardwood growth. We found that substrate and vegetation mixes significantly affected autumn olive growth, but we did not see any significant differences with autumn olive management's affect on hardwood growth at the end of the first growing season, indicating no impact of autumn olive. The continuation of these experiments will further our understanding of invasive species impacts on forest succession of reclaimed mine sites.


The present invention is copper (Cu), copper alloy or iron-nickel alloy with a base metal layer; It is formed on at least one side surface of the base metal plating layer not consisting of nickel (Ni) or a nickel alloy; Formed on the palladium plating layer not 0.00025 ~ 0.1㎛ (0.1 ~ 4 micro-inches) made of a (Pd) or palladium alloy plating layer having a medium thickness; And formed on the intermediate coating layer of silver (Ag) or provides a 0.05 ~ 0.75㎛ (2 ~ 30 microinches), a lead frame for a semiconductor package comprising the outer shell made of an alloy plating layer having a thickness of. According to the present invention, the outer coating layer of silver (Ag) by using a noble metal under thermal conditions of high-temperature oxidation resistance and the corrosion resistance is superior to the wire bonding property, solderability of the product and improved bonding to the epoxy material for a semiconductor package Castle It becomes like, it is possible to prevent the heel cracks in wire bonding portion. On the other hand, in the present invention, in particular by the palladium plating layer of the thin film using the plating layer prevents the migration of (Ag), palladium, and allows for delamination and frivolous stage digestion of the semiconductor packaging by greatly reducing the precious metal usage and the like.


Three Convenient syntheses of cis-1, 2-ureylenecyclopentane (VI) and cis-cis-3-methyl- 1, 2-ureylenecyclopentane (VIa), from 2-carbethoxycyclopentanone (I) and 5-methyl-2-carbethoxycyclopentanone (Ia) respectively, are described. The Curtius degradation of cis-2-aminocyclopentanecarboxylic acid derivatives took place without cis-trans isomerization. The hydrogenation of ethyl 3-methyl-2-ureidocyclopent-1-ene-1-carboxylate at 70°C gave two isomeric products, the major (IIIa), cis-cis-, and the minor (IIIb), cis-trans-3-methyl-2-ureido-1-carbethoxycyclopentane.


During the Covid-19 pandemic, many mass media reported various cases of health service errors at hospitals that resulted in material losses, there were even cases of patients dying. The criminal aspect is explicitly stated in the provisions of Article 190 of Law No. 36 Year 2009 and Article 62 and Article 63 of Law No. 44 Year 2009 and Article 46 of Law Number 44 Year 2009 concerning Hospitals where it is stated that hospitals are legally responsible for all losses due to negligence or health service errors. This research used descriptive normative research through a statutory approach, carried out by reviewing all laws related to legal issues that are being handled. In addition, criminal sanctions in Law Number 36 Year 2009 are formulated cumulatively, such as in the case of criminal acts as referred to in Article 190 paragraph (1), Article 191, Article 192, Article 196, Article 197,Article 198, Article 199, and Article 200, accumulated so that the general provisions inArticle 30 of the Criminal Code are ineffective, that the maximum sanction if not paid the perpetrators are only subject to a substitute imprisonment of 6 months or 8 months.


Leon is in training for the great bicycle race in the Southern Games in Trinidad. He is so obsessed by the race that he has dismissed everybody in his life, even his girlfriend Sylvia. But she makes sure it doesn't stop there.


. Teaching materials that support future needs in the learning process require students to understand scientific concepts more contextually. Synergy is needed from the less-than-optimal learning system, teacher competence, student motivation, facilities and infrastructure, and the learning atmosphere which is built. It is essential to describe the need for teaching materials that are able to build problem-based learning concepts to see the readiness of teachers in providing representative teaching materials. The research method is a case study by collaborating qualitative and quantitative research in order to measure the absorption of information in the classroom. This study used a sample of teachers and prospective teachers in the fields of science, humanities, and social affairs. The results showed that case study as a learning approach and teaching material development was able to increase student sensitivity in responding to learning conflicts that occurred in the classroom. Furthermore, students are also trained in critical and analytical thinking skills to find solutions to learning problems found through the development of problem-based teaching materials. The sensitivity of prospective teachers is needed to optimize the four skills of teachers, especially pedagogy, which is the ability of prospective teachers to manage a learning process or teaching and learning interactions with students.


A method of treating Sjgren's syndrome in a patient eligible for treatment is provided involving administering an effective amount of an antagonist that binds to a B-cell surface marker to the patient to provide significant improvement over baseline in two or more of dryness, fatigue, and joint pain on a Visual Analogue Scale, and an article of manufacture therefor. Methods and articles are also provided involving treating Sjgren's syndrome in a subject eligible for treatment is provided involving administering an effective amount of an antibody that binds to a B-cell surface marker to the subject to provide an initial exposure and a subsequent exposure to the antibody within certain dosing regimens and an article of manufacture therefor.


Jordan is a highly water scarce country facing acute sectoral tradeoffs in water use. Consumers in Zarqa, the country's second most populous urban area, typically receive piped water from the municipal network for fewer than 48 hours each week, and engage in a variety of costly coping strategies to mitigate water scarcity. Against this backdrop, the Millennium Challenge Corporation entered into a $275 million compact with the government of Jordan to improve the performance of piped water infrastructure and to increase the collection, treatment and reuse of wastewater, with the ultimate goal of increasing water efficiency and reducing poverty. This paper presents early quasi‐experimental evidence on the effects of the Compact, using rich and diverse types of data collected at the end of the implementation period. We find evidence of several changes: self‐reports of improved water pressure; increased sewerage and reduced sewage backups; and alterations in irrigation water sourcing in the Jordan Valley. We find tentative evidence for positive spillovers within Zarqa, compared to neighboring areas in Amman supplied by a different utility. One key category of anticipated impacts that does not materialize is in reduced spending on expensive alternatives to utility water. Though these results only indicate very short‐term effects of this infrastructure improvement, they add to a scant body of rigorous evidence on the benefits of capital‐intensive water infrastructure.


Although abnormal iris vessels and secondary glaucoma in a patient with proliferative diabetic retinopathy was described over 8o years ago by Nettleship (i888), Salus (1928) was the first to call attention to rubeosis of the iris as a specific manifestation of long-term diabetes and to point out that the neovascularization of the iris resulted in haemorrhagic glaucoma. Neovascularization of the iris and the chamber angle is far less frequent than retinal changes in diabetics. In nonselected groups of diabetics, rubeosis of the iris occurs in only a small percentage (Ohrt, I958; Armaly and Baloglou, I967). Most frequently, the iridic neovascularization appears in eyes with proliferative retinopathy (Janert, Mohnike, and Georgi, 1957; Kruger, 196I; Ohrt, I967; Madsen, I97 ia). The purpose of this paper is to describe the occurrence of rubeosis of the iris and the development of this affection in diabetics with proliferative retinopathy.


Extensional processes can lead to complex crustal configuration depending on the mechanisms of lithospheric thinning and the impact of magmatic additions during rifting and breakup. In this context, we studied the Vøring volcanic passive margin offshore Norway. The evolution of the inner Vøring Margin is well explained by standard models of lithosphere extension. However, these models fail to reproduce key observations at the outer (volcanic) province such as regional uplift at the time of breakup and excess magmatism. Therefore, additional processes are required to explain these observations. Excess magmatism and uplift have been related to mantle processes such as the arrival of the hot Icelandic mantle 'plume' or small‐scale convection processes. Melt retention in the asthenosphere has also been proposed to explain uplift. At last, mantle phase transitions during extension may contribute to uplift. We present tectonic and thermal models of basin evolution along a seismic profile crossing the Northern Vøring Margin. The thermal and isostatic history of basins is constrained through time‐forward basin modelling based on an automated inverse basin reconstruction approach. Two scenarios are evaluated: The first one includes pronounced mantle stretching during the last late Cretaceous‐Paleocene rifting event, and the second one includes late Paleocene‐early Eocene mantle thinning, at the breakup time around 56–54 Ma. Models incorporating late Paleocene‐early Eocene mantle thinning and taking into account magmatic processes (melt retention and magmatic underplate) and mantle phase transitions satisfactorily reproduce the specific observations of the outer (volcanic) margin. This result supports the contribution of the hot Iceland plume on the evolution of the Vøring Margin. Our results also indicate that thin‐crust models can produce a partially serpentinized mantle beneath the highly extended parts of the Vøring Basin. However, this model fails to reproduce observations. This suggests that serpentinization can occur locally but could not explain the entire lower crustal body nature.


A single-gene homozygous recessive mutant in an S, in- bred line of corn resulted in an 8- to 10-fold reduction in 2,4- dihydroxy-7-methoxy-l,4-benzoxazin-3-one content. Aqueous suspen- sions of acetone extracts from low segregates formed little 2-hydroxy- 4,6-bis(ethylamino)-s-triazine (hydroxysimazine) when incubated with 2-chloro-4,6-bis(ethylamino)-s-triazine (simazine). Tolerance studies on 3:1 and 1:1 segregating ears indicated that the low segregates were somewhat less tolerant to 2-chloro-4-ethylamino-6- isopropylamino-s-triazine (atrazine) supplied in solution culture.


Although the notion of internationalisation does not have a settled meaning, its main theme focuses on enriching 'the international dimension' of the higher education experience. Internationalisation traditionally includes promoting student mobility and embedding international elements in existing curriculum. Yet, in order to achieve true internationalisation, teachers also need to consider how students develop intercultural skills. The literature indicates that it may be difficult to implement learning strategies that achieve these outcomes. In an attempt to fill this gap, this paper evaluates a project that the authors undertook, which utilised role-play simulations in order to build bridges of tolerance and understanding amongst a diverse student cohort. The project reflected an integrative approach that incorporated international elements into the existing curriculum. It was conducted in two stages, commencing with a pilot exercise in an undergraduate law subject taught to business students and concluding with a workshop designed to shed light on some of the challenges underscored by the pilot exercise. In particular, the workshop explored findings that role-play simulations were an effective tool in encouraging students to engage with each other at a disciplinary and personal level, but somewhat less effective in facilitating meaningful intercultural exchange. Both the pilot project and the workshop highlight the need for teachers to build on their role as intercultural facilitators and to innovate and explore all students' experiences of 'internationalisation'. Moreover, while educational institutions consider internationalisation to be one of their strengths, more work needs to be done to assist teachers in developing and implementing internationalisation of the curriculum at the subject, course and program levels.


Thalcusite from a new locality in the Ilímaussaq complex, the Nakkaalaaq mountain, occurs in a coarse ussingite–aegirine vein and is associated with sphalerite and cuprostibite. The empirical composition is Tl 1.89 K 0.08 Cu 2.86 Fe 1.34 S 4.00 . Secondary tenorite–Sb oxide aggregates are developed along cleavages. Tarnish products are essentially pure Cu sulphide. All three layered thallium sulphides from the Ilímaussaq complex, thalcusite, chalcothallite and rohaite, contain K substituting for Tl. Varieties with K > Tl were not found in the massif.


Damage to natural resources from inappropriate visitor behavior is a problem faced by National Park management. Based on the data gathered by personal interview and mail questionnaire, this study examines the effects of communication strategies to reduce depreciative behavior in Carlsbad Caverns National Park. One-quarter of Carlsbad Caverns visitors indicates that they have noticed damage to cave formation during their tour. Almost 38% of visitors say that they have witnessed someone touch a formation inside the Caverns. This is a relatively high percentage compared with other depreciative behavior research to refrain from "tattling" on fellow visitors. Two-thirds of the respondents recalls touching formation replicas before entering the Cavern, while almost all visitors (97.9%) say that they have heard the ranger's talk about not touching formation or leaving the trail. Visitors feel that the ranger's talk is more effective in reducing depreciative behavior than the formation replicas, although at least three-fourths of all respondents believes both techniques are effective.


This paper proposes a high-speed and low-power bootstrapped level converter for dual-supply systems. The proposed level converter adopts a voltage bootstrapping at the gate of pull-down transistors to achieve improved driving speed and reduced contention problem. Simulation results in a 0.13-um CMOS process indicated that the proposed level converter reduces the propagation delay up to 64% and the power-delay product up to 49% as compared to conventional level converters.


Over the parametric domain of polynomial surface,trimming subdomain is surrounded with two polynomial curves and two lines,this domain is transformed into standard square by parameter transformation,and Bezier control points of the corresponding subpatch over the surface are evaluated via polonomial's blossoming.The algorithm makes more choices for the shape of the subdomain and subpatch.And the method works for any polynomial surfaces and rational cases.


Summary A modification of an apparatus for quantitative airborne infection as devised by Wells is described. Its use has indicated that, while the number of tubercles generated in the lung is to a certain degree proportional to the number of droplet nuclei of tubercle bacilli inhaled, there is no constant ratio between the number of tubercle bacilli arrested in the lung and the number of primary tubercles generated therein, even when the rabbits breathe the same infected air simultaneously. By exposing vaccinated highly inbred, genetically resistant rabbits to the inhalation of known small numbers of virulent bovine type tubercle bacilli it was possible to reproduce various types and phases of human localized ulcerative pulmonary tuberculosis of the adult or reinfection type. These phases ranged from complete resistance to the infection to varying degrees of bronchogenic dissemination from excavated foci to one or both lungs. There was little or no lymphogenous or hematogenous dissemination from the pulmonary portal of entry in these rabbits.


China's Zhurong rover successfully reached the Mars surface and began its exploration on May 22nd, 2021. As of June 15, the cumulative driving distance exceeded 100m. The rover will slop when it is driving on the Martian surface, which will affect the accuracy of scientific detection. In view of this phenomenon, an adaptive fuzzy control method based on slip compensation is proposed. The kinematics equation of the Zhurong rover in the process of curvature driving is established, and an adaptive fuzzy controller is designed to compensate the steering radius and driving time of the wheels in the slip process. The simulation results show that the method based on adaptive fuzzy control can compensate the deviation of the rover on the Mars surface. It effectively tracks the ground planning trajectory and has better tracking and security. Finally, the effectiveness of the controller is verified by on-orbit application.


The individual in international law — Extradition — Conditions of — Extraditable crimes — Whether offences punishable only by fines extraditable — General rules of international law — Austro-German Extradition Treaty 1958 — European Convention on Extradition 1957 — The law of Austria


Background: The association between serum zinc levels and zinc supplementation, with topical retinoids treatment in acne vulgaris patients presents a multifaceted interplay involving both physiological and therapeutic aspects. Objective: To evaluate the association between serum zinc levels and zinc supplementation with topical retinoid-treated in acne vulgaris patients. Method: A clinical trial was carried out at the Department of Pharmacology and Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, spanning from March 2020 to January 2022, with participant enrollment commencing in April 2021. This study encompassed 122 recently diagnosed mild to moderate acne vulgaris (AV) patients who received 20 mg of zinc sulfate or 20mg of placebo tablet twice daily orally with topical retinoid treatment. Notably, nine participants withdrew from the study for various reasons, resulting in a cohort of 113 individuals for per-protocol (PP) analysis. The investigation featured both baseline and after 8-week follow-up assessments, scrutinizing GAGS acne severity scores and serum zinc levels. Results: After 8 weeks of intervention, serum zinc levels in the intervention arm significantly increased from the baseline (100.39 ± 22.26 vs. 59.03 ± 15.76, P = 0.00), and they were also significantly higher than in the control arm. Likewise, the GAGS score in the intervention arm significantly decreased after 8 weeks compared to the baseline (12.03 ± 5.39 vs. 16.74 ± 6.09, P = 0.00) and was significantly lower than in the control arm. Also shows a correlation between serum zinc level and GAGS score which was observed after 8 weeks of intervention. Conclusion: Our study suggests that combining zinc supplementation with topical retinoids for acne treatment depends on factors like patient traits, baseline zinc levels, formulations, and duration. While findings vary, there's an overall trend toward better outcomes with this combination. Zinc's .......


Language Learning Strategies (LLSs) are important in learning a language especially in learning second and foreign language. Many studies on LLSs have been conducted by scholars around the world that prove the significant impact of employing LLSs in acquiring a second language. In Malaysia, English is regarded as a second language and learnt formally in school as an academic subject from 7 to 17 years old. This paper aims to investigate LLSs used by ESL learners who are artistically talented in an art school. This study is a survey and the data were gathered by administering the Strategy Inventory Language Learning (SILL) questionnaire by Oxford (1990). The questionnaire was given to 77 pupils who are 16 and 17 years old. They study in an art school in Malaysia and they have different talents in arts. They are considered as artistically talented to be enrolled in art school. The data were analysed descriptively. The finding shows that the most employed LLSs by art school ESL learners areMetacognitive Strategy and the least employed LLSs are Compensation Strategy. Most ESL learners in Malaysia are very dependent on teachers and have difficulty in achieving a certain level of fluency. They are not aware of their self-ability to govern self-learning. That is why LLS is very important as it effectively improves learners' proficiency in acquiring the second language. Both teachers and pupils need to be aware of the learners' ability and preference in choosing suitable LLSs. Since most of the previous researches focus on successful and good language learner, more studies need to be carried out to help and guide less successful learners to be at the same par as a good language learner.


Hexamethylenediamine (HMDA), a chemical for producing nylon, was produced on Raney Ni and Raney Co catalysts via the hydrogenation of adiponitrile (ADN). HMDA was hydrogenated from ADN via 6-aminohexanenitrile (AHN). For the two catalysts, the effects of five different reaction parameters (reaction temperature, H2 pressure, catalyst loading, and ADN/HMDA ratio in the reactant) on the hydrogenation of ADN were investigated. Similar general trends demonstrating the dependence of ADN hydrogenation on the reaction conditions for both catalysts were observed: higher temperature (60–80 °C) and H2 pressure, as well as lower ADN/catalyst and ADN/HMDA ratios, led to higher HMDA yields. A further increase in temperature from 80 to 100 °C increased the HMDA yield from 90.5 to 100% for the Raney Ni catalyst, but did not affect the HMDA yield (85~87%) for the Raney Co catalyst. A 100% HMDA yield (the highest yield reported to date) was also achieved via ADN hydrogenation over the Raney Ni catalyst, with a high HMDA content in the reactant (e.g., ADN/HMDA volumetric ratio of 0.06). No sign of metal leaching into the product solution was found, meaning that the Raney Ni and Raney Co catalysts were stable during ADN hydrogenation.


Smoking is a prominent issue within countries and has led to millions of premature deaths and expensive health complications, which harms the economy. This paper aims to examine the variables that impact cigarette consumption and whether cigarette taxation alone is enough to prevent people from smoking. The model was estimated by using the Ordinary Least Squares (OLS). The results discovered show a significant negative correlation between cigarette taxation and cigarette consumption. The findings are similar to a significant number of other literature pieces, demonstrating that further research is needed to find the optimal methods to reduce the consumption of cigarettes.


This study proposes a new mathematical approach to downscale monthly terrestrial water storage anomalies (TWSA) from the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) and estimates groundwater storage anomalies (GWSA) at a daily temporal resolution and a spatial resolution of 0.25° × 0.25°, simultaneously. The method combines monthly 3° GRACE gravity models and daily 0.25° hydrological model outputs and their uncertainties in the spectral domain by minimizing the mean-square error (MSE) of their estimator to enhance the quality of both low and high frequency signals in the estimated TWSA and GWSA. The Global Land Data Assimilation System (GLDAS) was the hydrological model considered in this study. The estimator was tested over Alberta, Saskatchewan, and Manitoba (Canada), especially over the Province of Alberta, using data from 65 in-situ piezometric wells for 2003. Daily minimum and maximum GWS varied from 14 mm to 32 mm across the study area. A comparison of the estimated GWSA with the corresponding in-situ wells showed significant and consistent correlations in most cases, with r = 0.43–0.92 (mean r = 0.73). Correlations were >0.70 for approximately 70% of the wells, with root mean square errors <24 mm. These results provide evidence for using the proposed spectral combination estimator in downscaling GRACE data on a daily basis at a spatial scale of 0.25° × 0.25°.


Reference is made to the empiric methods of the practice of medicine in ancient times. Epidemics were rampant centuries ago; a few are discussed. Causes of death several decades ago are compared with causes of death today. The seriousness of accidental deaths, particularly those due to automobile accidents, is emphasized. A few social problems related to medicine are presented.


Cloud computing make the library from technical restraints to content services as possible;the rapid development of the scale of Chinese internet users and the change of their reading behavior has aroused concern the concept and characteristics of digital reading;in order to comply with requirements of the times and enhance the library's content services,the library should develop digital reading service from three dimension s of introduction,provision and interaction.


Excerpt To the Editor:Nonsteroidal, anti-inflammatory drugs are among the most frequently prescribed medications. Many of the serious side effects of these drugs that have been documented involve v...


Augmentative and Alternative Communication (AAC) devices help people with speech-language impairments due to aphasia express themselves more independently and fluently. However, current AACs are still limited in that they must be pre-programmed with common words or phrases prior to use. When people with aphasia encounter unexpected and unplanned situations or contexts, they may have difficulty using their AAC device to generate the desired speech. We present the design of an AAC application that uses image recognition technology to give people with aphasia just in time access to words. Our design automatically carries out an extensive retrieval of words associated with a captured image. The relevance, accuracy and usefulness of each word can then be verified independently by the user through an intensive retrieval of images associated with each word.


Computations in a distributed environment comprising a network of spatially separated nodes may require the exchange of classical and quantum information. The amount of classical communication may be reduced in such computations by using multipartite entanglement. Following the combinatorial approach developed in [25, 27], we study entanglement configurations over a set of nodes, where each entanglement configuration is a collection of multipartite entanglement (CAT or GHZ) states shared within different combinations of subsets of nodes. The main problem is to determine whether LOCC transformations can generate an entanglement configuration B from another entanglement configuration A, written as B < LOCC A. We characterize the resulting partial order introduced on unitarily equivalent classes of entanglement configurations due to LOCC transformations. This study includes the communication complexity of generating higher cardinality multipartite CAT states from smaller sized CAT state configurations. We al...


This paper presents an end inductance coefficient function Leσ, which aims at solving the problem that the end inductance of switched reluctance motor (SRM) is difficult to calculate. Firstly, a two-dimensional (2-D) and a three-dimensional (3-D) finite element analysis (FEA) model of the motor are built to acquire the inductance difference under different motor structure and working conditions. Secondly, the end inductance coefficient function is obtained according to simulation results and it is used to modify the inductance of 2-D FEA model. Finally, torque characteristics of 3-D FEA model and modified 2-D FEA model are compared by simulation, the correctness of the proposed method is verified. The modified 2-D FEA model simulation is able to make the calculation results more accurate, and avoid the complexity of 3-D modeling with greatly time saving. Experimental verification is carried out on a 40kW four-phase 16/12 pole SRM.


In the contemporary world, the notion of community is inexorably tied to the identity formation. Both auto-identity and collective identity — that Stephen Mennell (1994), referring to Norbert Elias, nominates as "Iimage" and "we-image" respectively — are formed from living together in a certain community of heartfelt. When we refer to a certain community — such as the cyber community, the medical community or the gay community —, we are recognizing common frame references among members of this social group: a "we-image" which links the group to those practices and values recognized as constituent of the community, and different from the other groups, helping to create a context necessary for the formation of the "I-image". We can allude to the traditional communities, where the little mobility and the presence of an authority limited the individuals' access to experiences that didn't


The efficient management (placement and orientation) of surveillance cameras within a floor plan is a well-known and difficult problem that has regained attention. The objective is to locate the minimum number of cameras in a physical space to ensure important walls are within the view of at least one camera. Heuristic-based approaches have been developed for this NP-hard problem; unfortunately, most do not consider the dynamic conditions that may occur in reality. In these situations, camera availability may change, coverage requirements may be updated, and/or camera movement may be limited. This paper investigates evolutionary-based techniques to manage surveillance cameras under dynamic conditions. Using an evolutionary-based approach, a surveillance configuration (camera locations and orientations) is encoded as a chromosome and evolutionary processes are applied to identify better solutions over successive generations. The approach has the ability to identify efficient surveillance configurations (minimum number of cameras with maximum coverage); however, another advantage is the ability to adapt if the environment changes. Simulation results demonstrate that evolutionary-based approaches can successfully manage surveillance cameras under dynamic conditions.


Abstract Volatile components of traditionally manufactured soybean meal hydrolysates, widely used as seasonings, were analysed by gas chromatography and gas chromatography—mass spectrometry. 5-Chloromethyl-2-furancarboxaldehyde (CMFC) was newly identified as a constituent of these commodities, being present at a level of 1.0 to 1.8 mg/kg. Hydrolysates manufactured by new procedures contained no CMFC. This compound was stable in solutions simulating protein hydrolysates manufacture and storage. In hydrolysates of pH 8.5 it quickly decomposed.


ABSTRACT This article examines the relationship between law and social movements by analysing civil environmental public interest litigation in China after 2015. Based on the fieldwork in China, this research examines the dynamics of environmental legal mobilization and identifies the support structure that mobilizes legal actions. This article finds that three main frames will impact the support structure in a way that social groups need to construct a consensus with state authorities: (1) assisting the government; (2) advocating policy change and promoting legal reforms; and (3) resolving local environmental problems. This research sheds new light on legal mobilization theory and argues that China's legal reform will open new pathways for robust social participation and signify a more formal rule of law.


Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) causes exacerbations of asthma and preschool wheeze (PSW). However, the anti‐viral and repair responses of the bronchial epithelium in children with severe therapy‐resistant asthma (STRA) and PSW are poorly understood.


WHO CAN blame nurse practitioners for launching a new bid to have their title recognised? After what seems like a fairly lengthy period out of the limelight, these autonomous professionals have made a spectacular return to the public stage. A vote of confidence from the BMA last month has been followed by research showing they are more popular with the public than doctors. Not only that, the care they provide is as good as, if not better than, their medical colleagues.


We consider soliton solutions to Bekenstein's theory, for which the fine structure constant $\alpha=e^2/(4\pi\hbar c)$ is allowed to vary due to the presence of a dielectric field pervading the vacuum. More specifically we investigate the effects of a varying $\alpha$ upon a complex scalar field with a U(1) electromagnetic gauge symmetry subject to spontaneous symmetry breaking. We find vortex solutions to this theory, similar to the Nielsen-Olesen vortex. Near the vortex core the electric charge is typically much larger than far away from the string, lending these strings a superconducting flavour. In general the dielectric field coats the usual local string with a global string envelope. We discuss the cosmological implications of networks of such strings, with particular emphasis on their ability to generate inhomogeneous recombination scenarios. We also consider the possibility of the dielectric being a charged free field. Even though the vacuum of such a field is trivial, we find that the dielectric arranges itself in the shape of a local string, with a quantized magnetic flux at the core -- presumably borrowing these topological features from the underlying Nielsen-Olesen vortex.


17 Background: Most advanced esophageal and gastric cancer patients(pts) experience fatigue, anorexia, and may arise malnutrition and sarcopenia, for which effective treatment has not been established. Nutritional support especially protein supplementations may prevent loss of body mass related with malnutrition and sarcopenia. We therefore, conducted a prospective randomized study to explore compliance and the best available ONS intake for pts undergoing CT or CRT. Methods: Eligibility criteria included: chemo-naïve advanced gastric cancer or esophageal cancer; performance status (PS) of 0–1; pts who can eat more than as 50% as usual; age over 20 years. Pts were randomly allocated into four groups within each strata, i.e. esophageal or gastric cancer, Group A: Diet counseling (DC) only, Group B-1: DC and ONS 1 pack/day, Group B-2: DC and ONS 2 packs/day, and Group B-3: DC and ONS 3 packs/day. We use jelly type ONS which is easy to intake and include rich branched-chain amino acid. We assessed ONS compliance, the change of nutritional index (body weight, albumin, pre-albumin, and muscle mass), diet record (daily), and toxicity before CT or CRT and 14 days after administration of CT. Results: Among forty pts (11 in A, 11 in B-1,8 in B-2,10 in B-3) were enrolled from August 2017 to August 2018, median age was 64 years (range 46-81), median BMI was 20.6 (range 15-29), and 28 gastric cancer, 12 esophageal cancer. Median intake was 12 packs/2w (range 0-14), 15 packs/2w (3-28), 12 packs/2w (2-28), in B-1, B-2, and B-3 respectively. Mean compliance of ONS was 72.7%, 50.0% and 33.1%, in B-1, B-2, and B-3 respectively. There was a significant linear trend across the 3 groups (P = 0.0104). B-1 was significantly better than B-3 (P = 0.0270). There were no pts in group B-3 who could intake ONS for 14 consecutive days. Over 80% of pts in B-1 group were able to intake for 14 consecutive days. Conclusions: We found ONS 3 packs/day was clearly denied because of compliance. Choice of 1 or 2 packs/day should be determined by taking into account the total calories of foods. Clinical trial information: 000026705.


The utility model relates to a small tooth difference internal engagement cylindrical straight-teeth double-cycloidal gear pair and its speed reducer, comprising a conjugate gear taking the inner equidistant curve on one side of the curvature center of a full branch circulation epicycloid as the tooth form, wherein, the full branch circulation epicycloid is formed when a roller makes pure rolling outside of a basic circle and is the track of one point on the roller, the radius of the basic circle is integer multiple of the radius of the roller, the tooth form curve of the conjugate gear is made to be an internal gear or an external gear, and the tooth difference of the internal and the external gears is-4; the gear pair forms a speed reducer which comprises a 2K-H positive sign mechanism, so the utility model has the combination properties and advantages of stable gear, big output, low temperature rise, long service life, high efficiency, low noise, low cost, etc.


It is widely considered that porosity-destroying diagenetic processes stop when sandstone reservoirs are filled with hydrocarbons; an assumption that can have important consequences for oil exploration and field appraisal strategies in situations where reservoir quality is a key issue.


In n-any industrial processes the workman's skin is constantly exposed to mineral oils which are known to be potentially harmful. Adequate removal of these oils from the skin after work, though desirable, is not easily accomplished, and the use of abrasive and excessively alkaline cleansers for this purpose is a frequent cause of skin disease in industry. Various cleansing agents free from these defects have now been marketed. In order to facilitate cleansing and to protect the skin during work, " barrier " or protective creams are frequently used. In this paper methods are described of estimating the effectiveness of these agents. The experiments were carried out directly on the human skin, since it is believed that only by reproducing as accurately as possible the natural conditions of use of these substances can a reliable assessment of their efficiency be obtained.


Introduction: A time-motion study helps us to determine the amount of time necessary to perform a specific movement or task. Aims: To determine the activity time at different service delivery points. Methods: The present observational cross-sectional study was done in the immunization clinic of Kalinga Institute of Medical Sciences (KIMS), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, over 2 months from 01/08/2020 to 30/09/2020. The sample size was 327. The study population included the mothers/caregivers attending the immunization clinic with their children. Predesigned and pretested schedules were used to record time and other information, while pre-synchronised stopwatches were used to record the total activity time at various stations of the immunization clinic. Results: The mean total time taken (from entry to exit) for each participant to complete the immunization process was 36.6±15.7 minutes. The mean total time was maximum during registration and checking of immunization status, 14.3± 6.2 minutes. This was followed by the mean time for vaccination proper which was 10.8±4.5 minutes. The highest number of beneficiaries visiting the immunization clinic was on Wednesday and the mean total time at all service delivery points was maximum on Wednesday (42.5±19.8 minutes) between 10 am 12 pm. Conclusion: Time management at all levels of the health care system is the need of the hour which has to be addressed. Efficient functioning of the immunization clinic is therefore required to achieve the goal of universal immunization. Conclusions: In this study, there was a statistically significant correlation between IDA and simple FS.


We experienced a case of atlanto-axial subluxation associated with hypoplasia of the atlas.A 57 years old man was admitted to our hospital in July 1998, complaining of continuous headache. He had no family and past history of any significant disorders, but experienced head confusion a month ago. On examination, he did not have sensory disturbance, pathological reflex and hyperreflex except headache. In X-ray, atlanto-dental interval was 6mm (flexion position) and 2mm (extension position). In addition, space available for the spinal cord was 11mm. But there was no spinal stenosis between C2 and C7.In this paper, we focused on the size of the atlas of this case, and discussed it.


Majumdar, S., Jayas, D.S., Hehn, J.L. and Bulley, N.R. 1996. Classification of various grains using optical properties. Can. Agric. Eng. 38: 139-144. Rapid identification of the principal constituents of bulk grain samples can be used to automate the movement of grain through a terminal or processing plant and can also be important for quality control. This paper examines the potential of using tristimuIus values, color solid scale values, and reflectance characteristics of grains as discriminating features among various seed types from bulk samples of cereals, pulses, oilseeds, and speciality crops. Visible light between 400 and 700 nm was used to collect data for separation of various grains. Most of the grains could be distinguished from each other using X, Y, and Z tristimulus values; L, a, and b color solid scale values; or percent reflectance ratios and ratios of slopes of the percent reflectance curves at different wavelengths. The bulk reflectance measurement provides a rapid first stage identification and narrows the possibilities for a second, more detailed, identification stage.


Managers and scholars have increasingly come to recognize the central role that design and engineering play in the overall process of delivering products to the final customer. Although significant progress has been made in the design of effective product development processes, many firms still struggle with the execution of their desired development process. In this paper a model is developed to study one hypothesis to explain why firms experience such difficulties. The analysis of the model leads to a number of new insights not present in the existing literature. First, the analysis shows that under a plausible set of assumptions product development systems have multiple steady-state modes of execution (or equilibria). This insight suggests that it is possible for product development systems to get ";trapped" in a state of low performance. Second, the analysis highlights that, for multiple equilibria to exist, a positive loop must dominate the system. The conditions required for such dominance are also provided. Third, the analysis demonstrates that the sensitivity of the system to undesirable self-reinforcing dynamics is determined by the utilization of resources. Fourth, simulation experiments show that testing delays also play a critical role in determining the system's dynamics. Finally, one extension to the model is considered, the introduction of new development tools, and policies for performance improvement are discussed. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Since the pioneering research work of Ahlswede et al. in 2000, Network Coding (NC) has rapidly emerged as a major research area in electrical engineering and computer science due to its wide applicability to communication through real networks. The many contributions available in the literature to date, ranging from pure theoretical studies on fundamental limits to practical experimentations in real-world environments, offer a clear evidence that the shift in paradigm envisaged by NC might revolutionize the way we manage, operate, and understand the organization of networks. NC allows intermediate nodes of communication networks to combine the information received from multiple links for subsequent transmissions, and offer a powerful and efficient generalization to network information delivery via routing, where network nodes simply store and forward data, and processing is only accomplished at the end nodes. In this paper, we have a twofold objective: i) first, we summarize fundamental information-theoretic results, which, since their publication, have been representing the foundation for all subsequent research in this field, and ii) then, we introduce and summarize the latest results related to the analysis, design, and optimization of the so-called network error correction coding problem, which is instrumental for the effective use of NC over lossy, e.g., wireless, networks.


This study aims to determine the vegetative growth response of saplings of red ginger (Zingiber officinale) to the administration of red onion extract and Trichoderma biological fertilizer. Experiments were arranged factorially using a completely randomized design (CRD). The first factor is the concentration of red onion extract which consists of three levels, namely: 0 gr, 125 gr, and 250 gr per liter of shallot extract; the second factor is Trichoderma biological fertilizer, consisting of: without biological fertilizer and with Trichoderma biological fertilizer. Each combination of treatments was repeated 4 times, to obtain 24 experimental units. The variables observed were plant height (cm), number of leaves, increase in stem diameter (cm), stover wet weight (gr), and dry stover weight (gr) at 24-60 days after planting (DAP). Data were analyzed by variance at the level of 5% to determine the effect of treatment, to find out the differences between treatments were carried out by 5% HSD. The results showed that there was a significant interaction effect between red onion extract and Trichoderma biofertilizer on the increase of high growth of red ginger tillers at 36 and 48 DAP. Both factors and their interactions were not significant for the number of leaves, stem diameter, wet weight, and dry stover weight. The treatment of 125 gr/l shallot extract and Trichoderma biofertilizer produced the highest response of the number of leaves and stem diameter at 60 DAP.


A novel approach to handle and quantify a computer controlled polishing process will be introduced. This approach will be compared to real data. This comparison indicates the correctness of this approach. Based on it a formula has been developed to predict the results of a computer controlled polishing process. The formula will be used to predict real polishing processes and the results will be compared to the real results. The limits when using this formula will be shown along with suggestions when the formula would be useful. This rough prediction of the computer controlled polishing results may be used to enhance the automation of a computer controlled polishing process. Also a way to improve the formula itself will be introduced. It is the opinion of the author that by further stabilizing of the whole computer controlled polishing process the whole system becomes more robust, the prediction more accurate and the whole system improves in reliability and the results become better.


word count: 155 Article word count: 1392 This work is in part supported by the National Cancer Institute (P01 CA95426-01A, CLL Research Consortium P01 CA81534-02), The Sidney Kimmel Cancer Research Foundation, The Leukemia and Lymphoma Society of America, and The D. Warren Brown Foundation. JCB is a Clinical Scholar of the Leukemia and Lymphoma Society of America. Blood First Edition Paper, prepublished online June 24, 2004; DOI 10.1182/blood-2004-02-0651 Copyright (c) 2004 American Society of Hematology For personal use only. by guest on June 6, 2013. bloodjournal.hematologylibrary.org From


The purpose of this research were to determine the effect of alkaloid jellyfish compounds on kidney histopathology and to know the best doses to the Relative Percent Survival (RPS) of tiger grouper. The method of this research was descriptive and treatment with Completely randomized design. The treatment of active alkaloid compound on feed was given for 28 days. And then challenge-tested to 107 cells.ml−1 of Vibrio harveyi into the media for one day. Using alkaloids compound of Aeginura sp. on the feed with the doses of Control= 0 g alkaloid / kg feed; A = 0.5 g alkaloid / kg feed; B = 0.75 g alkaloid / kg feed; C = 1.0 g alkaloid / kg feed; Alkaloid D = 1.25 g / kg feed. The result of the scoring shows that the 4 treatment with given alkaloid dosage are able to decrease the damage level on the tissues of the fish' kidneys. The average total damage of treatment C =1gr Alkaloid dosage is found to have the lowest value compared to another treatment with the percentage damages of 13,47% which is categorized low. Those results show better value than the infected fish without any medication with total damage of 42.27% within the medium category. The best RPS was found at a treatment of C with the value of 100%. For further study, it was suggested using a dose of 1 g alkaloid / kg feed for the best result. It was proved by an absent of the damage on kidney and the value of RPS reached 100%.


In this paper, we investigate the behavior of inviscid supersonic conical flow fields near crossflow stagnation points by constructing coordinate expansions of the exact equations of conical flow. The local cross-flow streamline pattern is shown to be determined primarily by the curvature of the surface pressure distribution (P and by the direction of the surface velocity near the stagnation point. The local streamline pattern at a maximum of the surface pressure is shown to be either a saddle point or a nodal point with cross-flow streamlines normal to the body. The solution corresponding to the node changes to a saddle point at a critical value, (P == — 8, which thus signals the "liftoff" of the vortical singularity first suggested by Ferri. The streamline pattern at a minimum of the pressure distribution is a node with streamlines tangent to the body if (P is less than a critical value, (P = 1, and does not exist if (P > 1. The local solutions are used to infer the general characteristics of the cross-flow streamline pattern generated by yawed circular cones and flat plates. They are also used to analyze the nonuniformity of the small yaw and thin-shock-layer expansions at vortical singularities.


This study sought to examine the effect of helmet weight on cognitive performance and mental workload. Twenty participants were studied in three one-hour sessions. The participants were asked to read and work with computer under three conditions: while wearing no helmets, while wearing a helmet that weighed 800 g (A), and while wearing a helmet weighing 1500 g (B). "N-back" task and Continuous Performance Test (CPT) were employed to assess cognitive performance, while NASA-TLX and Thermal Comfort and Fatigue Perception Scale were used to evaluate mental work load and comfort. At the end of the intervention sessions, perceived mental workload as well as thermal comfort and fatigue in the head were measured. Moreover, the participants' cognitive performance was gauged before and after the sessions. The findings revealed that helmet weight had a significant impact on cognitive performance (p<0.001). Nonetheless, no significant difference was detected in the participants' mental workload before and after the intervention. It was thus argued that helmet weight could affect cognitive performance.Therefore, in designing helmets, the weight of the helmet should be considered as an important factor. Keyword: Helmet, Cognition, Ergonomics, Workload, Mental fatigue


Drug resistance in Staphylococci is an increasing problem.  This led to the interest in macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin B (MLSB).  The resistance to macrolide can be mediated by msr A gene coding for efflux mechanism or erm gene coding for conferring inducible or constitutive resistance to MLSB antibiotics.  In vitro routine tests for clindamycin susceptibility testing may fail to detect inducible clindamycin resistance due to erm genes if D-test is not applicable. The objective of this study is to detect inducible clindamycin resistance in 1,246 Staphylococcus aureus isolates by D-test as CLSI guidelines (Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute).  The result showed inducible clindamycin resistance 3.37%,  constitutive resistance 37.56%.   Inducible resistance and constitutive resistance were found to be higher in MRSA as compare to MSSA. This study showed that D-test should be used as a mandatory method in routine work for detection of inducible clindamycin resistance in Staphylococci for the optimum treatment of patient.


This article provides an overview of the literature surrounding emerging markets and the global paradigm shift taking place towards the development of digital economies. It provides a review of recent practices in the government sector. The article promotes the concept of developing a government based identity management infrastructure to support the progress en route for building the digital economy. In light of increasing information security threats in today's interconnected world, the article emphasizes that only through identification and authentication capabilities, emerging markets can maintain sustainability.


Joint balance in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) has traditionally focused on achieving a tight symmetric extension gap and rectangular or trapezoidal gaps in flexion. This study sought to investigate the effect of femoral and tibial coronal rotation and femoral axial rotation on midflexion coronal joint balance and patient outcomes. A prospective multi-center study was performed with a mixture of tibia-first gapbalancing and femur-first approaches were performed using the Corin OMNIBotics robot-assisted TKA platform with APEX implant components. Coronal and axial femoral and tibial resections were recorded by the platform. Medial and lateral joint gaps were recorded while applying a computer-controlled load to the joint throughout flexion during trialing using the Corin BalanceBot device. In addition, 1-year Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) and PROMIS-10 global health scores were collected. 231 surgeries were identified: 66.9±8.1 years, 31.4±4.8 kg/m2 and 57% female (121) with a mean pre-operative HKA angle of 4.5±5.2° varus. A significant correlation was found between the medio-lateral (ML) joint gap difference in midflexion and both extension and flexion joint line (p=0.003, r2=-0.20, p=0.001, r2=-0.22, respectively). A significant correlation was found between midflexion ML imbalance and KOOS stiffness Health Sciences EPiC Series in Health Sciences Volume 4, 2020, Pages 293–296 CAOS 2020. The 20th Annual Meeting of the International Society for Computer Assisted Orthopaedic Surgery F. Rodriguez Y Baena and F. Tatti (eds.), CAOS 2020 (EPiC Series in Health Sciences, vol. 4), pp. 293–296 questions at 3 M and 6 M post-op (r2=-0.15, p=0.036, r2=-0.18, p=0.013), in which a more balanced knee correlated with improved outcomes. Treating flexion and extension joint balance in isolation may not capture the effect on midflexion laxity. Component placement should take in to account the effect on joint gaps throughout flexion to target optimal joint balance.