Objective: Using the Mongolian medicine "Garlic laxative," impact therapy on alcoholic peripheral neuropathy treatment mechanism for the Mongolian medicine application in the study of neurological diseases lay the foundation. Methods: Randomly selected 50 adult male rats as experimental animals and divided into some groups such as control group (Con group), model group (Model group), Methycobalgroup (Mecbl group), "Garlic change laxative" side group (Garlic group) and thecombinedmethycobal "Garlic laxative" group (Mecbl + Garlic group), 10 models in each group. Results: Electrophysiological test results showed that the conduction velocity of the sciatic nerve in rats was significantly slowed down after model establishment (P <0.05), and the nerve conduction velocity in model group was the slowest after the model was established. The nerve conduction velocity in Mecbl + Garlic group was the fastest Model group, Mecbl group and Garlic group (P <0.05), slightly higher than Con group, but no significant difference (P> 0.05). ELISA results showed that after model establishment, the expression of nerve growth factor (P <0.05). After the administration, the concentration of nerve growth factor in the model group was the lowest. Moreover, the nerve growth factor in Mecbl + Garlic group was the highest, significantly higher than that in Model group, Mecbl group and Garlic group (P <0.05) Mecbl + Garlic group compared with Con group, slightly higher but no significant difference (P> 0.05). Conclusions: The rat models of alcoholic axial neuropathy were established and treated for eight weeks respectively. The indexes of 5 rats were evaluated. The nerve conduction velocity was detected by the electrophysiological method and the enzyme-linked immune-sorbent assay Concentration of Nerve Growth Factor in Rats. Thus prove the Mongolian medicine "Garlic laxative" has a significant effect on the regulation of sciatic nerve conduction and the related factors of nerve factors in alcoholic peripheral neuropathy rats, which may have positive significance for the treatment, which deserves attention.


The Educative Teacher Performance Assessment (edTPA) is a widely implemented performance assessment in the United States used to indicate the readiness of pre-service teachers to enter the classroom and the level of pre-service teacher preparation supported by individual colleges of education. The purpose of this study is to investigate the psychometric qualities (i.e., validity and reliability) of the edTPA specifically in the context of pre-service music education candidates. The study was guided by the following questions: 'What is the overall psychometric quality (i.e., validity and reliability) of the edTPA rubric items in the context of pre-service music educators?' (Research Question 1); 'How do the rubric criteria fit the measurement model and how do they vary in difficulty?' (Research Question 2); and (c) 'Do the category response structures for each criterion empirically cooperate to provide meaningful measures?' (Research Question 3). Results indicated overall adequate model-data fit but demonstrated measurement optimization concerns attributed to the category response structures. Implications for pre-service music education training are discussed.


In a similar manner to electronic data processing, and unlike the present integrated systems, this modular system described by the author divides up all the aspects of the problem. Partial tasks are assumed by the different functional groups, i.e., the modules (blocks). The author explains the principles and the advantages of the system, and the functions of the various modules.


The anisotropy of the electronic structure of the MAX phase Cr2AlC has been investigated by electron-energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS) at the C K edge, and x-ray-absorption spectroscopy (XAS) at the Al K, Cr L2,3, and Cr K edges. The experimental spectra were interpreted using either a multiple-scattering approach or a full-potential band-structure method. The anisotropy is found to be small around C atoms because of the rather isotropic nature of the octahedral site, and of the averaging of the empty C p states probed by EELS at the C K edge. In turn, a pronounced anisotropy of the charge distribution around Al atoms is evidenced from polarized XAS measurements performed on textured Cr2AlC sputtered thin films. From the analysis of the XAS data using the multiple-scattering feff code, it is demonstrated that the probed thin film is constituted of 70% (0001) and 30% (10¯13) grains oriented parallel to the film surface. A decomposition of the calculated spectrum in coordination shells allows for the ability to connect XAS fine structures to the Cr2AlC structure. Combining high-resolution data with up-to-date multiple-scattering calculations, it is shown that the crystalline orientations of the grains present in a probe of 100×100 μm2 can be determined from the Cr K edge. Interestingly, it is also revealed that a static disorder is involved in the studied thin films. These findings highlight that, given the overall agreement between experimental and calculated spectra, the Cr2AlC electronic structure is accurately predicted using density functional theory.


The need to find a renewable and sustainable energy has transformed into a demand due to the depletion of fossil fuel, and more importantly, the greenhouse gasses concerns. Hydrogen is a one of the clean and sustainable energy source. In addition, hydrogen used as raw material in industries, such as fertilizer plant, refinery and methanol production plant. Hydrogen has the potential as a clean energy carrier and the date pits availability in Saudi Arabia, the gasification of date pits is proposed. This work focused on developing a flowsheet to evaluate the feasibility of producing hydrogen from the gasification of date pits via a simulation work in Aspen Hysys. Using the simulation model, a study has been made to investigate the effects of temperature and steam/biomass ratio on the product gas, hydrogen yield and carbon conversion. The model has been also validated with literature and showed good agreement. The favorable temperature of the gasifier for high hydrogen yield is predicted to be in the range of 845-910°C. Based on the results, at temperature is 850°C and steam/biomass ratio of 0.8, maximum conversion and hydrogen yield achieved.


Objective of the study: This study aims to identify the wastes from the value co-creation in industrial services in the startups context. In addition, through the dynamic systems approach, to analyze the interaction among the wastes in the startups' value co-creation.Design/methodology/approach: First, we conducted a systematic literature review based on the Systematic Search Flow method (SSF) and the content analysis following Bardin (2011), then, through the dynamic systems approach, this step, we verify the interaction and behavior among these wastes in the value co-creation context.Findings: Based on the finds, we recognized six wastes from the value co-creation in startups. We evidenced that waste "Personal Characteristics" was pointed was the greatest impact on co-creation concerning other wastes.Originality: This is the first paper that recognizes and behavior evaluates the wastes from value cocreation in industrial service based on the dynamic of systems approach for the startups.Research limitations/implications: The wastes recognized were based on current literature. An empirical test can be a way to identify other wastes and evaluation these finds in the practice.Practical implications: The listed wastes can serve as a basis to guide strategies for mitigating or eliminating these losses in the value co-creation process in startups. In addition, directing players in decision-making anticipated way from different perspectives to improve collaboration among multiple companies without wastes.Social implications: Once the value cocreation process is more efficient, the societal can receive more benefits and enhance well-being, through services new or services improved offerings for society via startups.


Preface. Symbols. Physics of Failure In Electronic Systems. Thermal Expansion Displacements, Forces, and Stresses. Vibration of Beams and Other Simple Structures. Vibration of Printed Circuit Boards and Flat Plates. Estimating Fatigue Life in Thermal Cycling and Vibration Environments. Octave Rule, Snubbers, Dampers, and Isolation for Preventing Vibration Damage to Electronic Systems. Displacements, Forces, and Stresses in Axial Leaded Component Wires Due to Thermal Expansions. Designing Electronic Equipment for Sinusoidal Vibration. Assessment of Random Vibration on Electronic Design. Combining Fatigue Damage for Random Vibration and Thermal Cycling. Thermal Cycling Failures in Surface-Mounted Components. Stresses and Fatigue Life in Component Lead Wires and Solder Joints Due to Dynamic Forces and PCB Displacements. Fatigue Life of Long Components, Tall Components, and Small Components Mounted on PCBs. Wear and Interface Surface Fretting Corrosion in Electrical Connectors. Case Histories of Failures and Failure Analyses. Bibliography. Index.


This study was conducted to evaluate age-specific and generalized allometric equations and biomass expansion factors (BEFs) for each tree component across three age-sequence stands (35-year-old, 51-year-old, 62-year-old) of black pine (Pinus thunbergii Parl.) in Jinju, located in the western part of Gyeongnam province, Korea. Biomass in each tree component, i.e. foliage, branch, and stem, was quantified by destructive tree harvesting. Allometric regression equations were significant (P 0.05) from different stand ages and ranged from 0.45 to 0.51 g cm �3 , and from 1.32 to 1.38, respectively. The results indicate that allometric equations, stem density and aboveground BEFs in the matured black pine over 35-year-old are little influenced by different stand ages.


How the NVDRS provides a foundation for successful violence prevention

In public health, as in the rest of our lives, the value and importance of the things we do are not always readily apparent. Sometimes the things we do hold secrets that, once fully revealed, expand our appreciation of their relevance to our goals and aspirations. Such is the case with the National Violent Death Reporting System (NVDRS). On the surface, the NVDRS is a data collection system for violent deaths (that is, homicides and suicides) and in that way is similar to many other surveillance systems that we carry out as part of public health practice. But in reality the NVDRS is much more than it might appear.

The NVDRS makes better use of data that are already being collected by health, law enforcement, and social service agencies.1 The NVDRS, in fact, does not require the collection of any new data. Instead it links together information that, when kept in separate compartments, is much less valuable as a tool to characterize and monitor violent deaths. For example, as part of their death investigation, medical examiners and coroners typically gather information on the presence of alcohol and drugs in the blood and tissues of homicide victims. On the other hand, law enforcement agencies, as part of their criminal investigation, gather details of the circumstances under which the homicide occurred, such as whether the homicide was precipitated by an argument or a gang fight or a robbery. By linking these types of information together, we can now determine the circumstances under which homicide victims are most likely to be intoxicated. Combined with information on the location of homicides, this …


The geophysical characteristics of the coal mine gob area and geophysical methods from gravity,electricity,stress and geophysical techniques are introduced,and the application of the radon measurement,high definition electric resistance and transient electromagnetic method is explained.A practical example of coal mine area states the exploration effect of empty area underground and the appearance of abnormity clear to understand from the electricity cross section image using high definition electric resistance and transient electromagnetic method.


Many organic liquids have been examined for their bebehavior at high temperatures and under irradiation. Polyphenyls and aromatic compounds with condensed ring systems prove to be the most radioresistant. Many of these materials have been irradiated both in test loops and materials testing reactors. The present article gives an indication of the work done in this area. (tr-auth)


FIELD: medicine. SUBSTANCE: invention refers to medicine, namely to oncology. The compound- conjugate antibody-medicinal agent is proposed with formula I: Ab-(L-D) p , where one or more molecules of maytanazoid medicinal agents (D) are covalently binded by L to the antibody huMAb4D5-8 (Trastuzumab) (Ab), which binds to the HER2 receptor and inhibits tumor cell growth, overexpressing HER2 receptor. EFFECT: also a pharmaceutical composition is proposed which contains the specified compound, and a method of treating malignant tumor using this composition. 20 cl, 8 tbl, 10 ex, 17 dwg


Extracted from text ... The South African Gastroenterology Review ? August 2006 52
CASE REPORT
Roy Wise1, SR Thomson2
1Private Practice Durban
2Department of Surgery, University of KwaZulu Natal
Introduction
The taxonomy of smooth muscle tumours in the
gastrointestinal tract has undergone numerous changes as the
histiogenesis of these tumours has evolved over many
decades.1, 2 Terms used in the past were lieomyoma,
lieomyosarcoma and lieomyoblastoma. The concept of stromal
tumours was introduced by Mazur and Clarke because many
of these tumours did not stain for smooth muscle or exhibit
neuroimmunoreactivity and the term GastroIntestinal Stromal
Tumour (GIST) was coined.1 Its clinical counterpart Stromal ..


An unusual case of multiple intestinal atresias with multiple small bowel diverticulae is presented. To the best of our knowledge this is the first reported case of its kind in the literature.


Migraines are one of the world's leading disabilities, disproportionally affecting women. Socioeconomic challenges worsen the quality of life for migraine sufferers, many of whom express dissatisfaction with current therapies. Since the vascular theory of migraines has already been disproven, current research investigates neurovascular aspects like cortical spreading depression (CSD) and potentially impaired oxygen metabolism in mitochondria. This review aims to assess the efficacy of bioactive compounds such as red wine, CoQ10, caffeine, magnesium (Mg2+), and riboflavin (B2) in reducing or preventing migraines. A review of current and past literature is used to reach conclusions on these compounds. The goal of researching these compounds is to potentially help decrease cases of excessive medication use or offer complementary options for individuals dissatisfied with their current therapies.The outcomes of studies regarding red wine are not definitively established, and the ambiguous role of caffeine requires further research on controlled intake and dosage. Compounds such as CoQ10, magnesium, and riboflavin exhibit potential as prophylactic supplements for the reduction of migraine occurrences. Evaluation using the functional food product creation guidelines set by the Functional Food Center has allowed CoQ10, magnesium, and riboflavin to be evaluated up to step 10. Future research should aim to refine the information that remains unresolved from these steps, particularly by addressing factors such as dosage, timing, and frequency of consumption. Additionally, efforts could be directed toward identifying a suitable food vehicle that incorporates all the beneficial bioactive compounds.Keywords: Migraine; bioactive compounds; functional food; cortical spreading depression; CoQ10; red wine; caffeine; magnesium; IgG-based elimination diet; dietary approaches to stop hypertension (DASH)


When an intense laser pulse interacts with homogeneous plasma in the presence of a transverse, spatially distributed static electric field, a transverse current density oscillating at a frequency twice that of the laser pulse is set up. This leads to the generation of second-harmonic radiation. The periodicity of the applied static electric field allows the second-harmonic radiation to be phase-matched. It is shown that under phase-matched conditions, the efficiency of the second-harmonic radiation in the presence of the spatially distributed static electric field is significantly enhanced as compared to that obtained for a uniform static electric field.


Malaysia targets biodiesel as a renewable energy source to achieve its low carbon economy. This paper examines biodiesel and crude palm oil productions in Malaysia using a system dynamics approach. It aims to develop a model for the Malaysian biodiesel industry by capturing the relationship between major elements in the system such as supply, demand, inventory and price. The system dynamics approach is used as it enables one to capture feedback relationships, non-linearity, and delay in commodity markets including palm oil. The model has been simulated for 44 years, from 1982 to 2025 and the results indicate that crude palm oil demand for biodiesel will double requiring better strategy and policies to manage the stock and production of palm oil. Given biodiesel production in Malaysia is largely dependent on palm oil, Malaysia needs policies for development strategies of biodiesel production for coming years to meet its increasing demand.


Radiological and Environmental Research Division annual report, July l972-June 1973. A case of accidental inhalation of a small quantity of an ignited mixiure of /sup 249/Bk and its decay product, /sup 249/Cf, was studied by body radioactivity measurements (for /sup 249/Cf) and excretion analysis (for both nuclides). The results obtained thus far cover the first year after intake. External measurements of the gamma rays from the /sup 249/Cf indicated an approximate chest content of 3 nCi of this nuclide at the time of the first measurement (day 7). The 300-fold more abundant parent, /sup 249/Bk, could not be detected. Subsequent measurements of the activity of the /sup 249/Cf could be reasonably well described by the sum of two exponential components, 17% having a half-time of 25 days and the remainder a half-time of 1210 days. Except for an initial rapid clearance via the fuces during the first 10 days, the urinary and fecal excretion rates of both nuclides increased with time until a maximum was reached 60 to 70 days after intake and thereafter declined. If the early fecal excretion was neglected, the results could be reasonably well described as the difference between two exponential components, one with half-times ofmore » 15 to 30 days representing the initial increase and one with half-times between 90 and l20 days representing the subsequent decrease in excretion rate. The increase suggests some change in the inhaled material after intake, possibly an increase in its rate of dissolution. (authK« less


In recent work [2] we have investigated Borel isomorphisms at the first level, i.e. mappings that together with their inverses map F σ -sets to F σ -sets. We are grateful to Dr. F. Topsoe for writing to point out errors in the proofs of our Theorems 2.1, 2.2 and 2.3. The errors escaped our attention because we only wrote out the first step of a complicated inductive argument and carelessly and falsely claimed that the general step of the induction was similar to the first. To be more specific, in the proof of Theorem 2.1, although we do have we do not, in general, have Fortunately the proofs can be corrected.


Background: Left ventricular twist/torsion is believed to be a sensitive indicator of systolic and diastolic performance. To obtain circumferential rotation using tissue Doppler imaging, we need to estimate the time-varying radius of the left ventricle throughout the cardiac cycle to convert the tangential velocity into angular velocity. Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate accuracy of measured LV radius using tissue Doppler imaging throughout the cardiac cycle compared to two-dimensional (2D)


Aim: To investigate the microbiological profile of intra-abdominal abscesses drained from patients with Crohn's disease (CD) compared to patients with complicated diverticulitis coli (cDC). Method: This was a retrospective, cohort, pilot study. Inclusion criteria were adult patients who underwent percutaneous ultrasonographic/computed tomography (CT) guided drainage or aspiration of abscess. Cultures were performed for all patients and tested with Gram staining. Demographic data, pre-operative medications taken for CD, abscess size, antibiotic coverage after drainage, abscess recurrence, surgical resection, resection type and post-operative complications were investigated. Results: A total 44 patients with CD (n=18) and cDC (n=26) were investigated in this pilot study. Cultures showed mostly mixed Gram-positive and negative bacteria in both CD and cDC, but Gram-negative culture was more prevalent in cDC (p=0.029). The most common bacteria was Escherichia coli in both groups. Anaerobic bacteria were the second most common flora in patients with cDC, while Streptococcus , Enterococcus , Extended spectrum Beta Lactamase-producing organisms, Pseudomonas , Morganella and Proteus were the second most common in patients with CD. Conclusion: Mixed Gram-positive and negative bacteria with Escherichia coli were the most common bacteria in CD and cDC. Both groups also showed significant growth of Enterococci , Streptococci , and anaerobic bacteria in culture. Klebsiella pneumoniae was significantly more prevalent in patients with CD.


A comprehensive look at the movement to preserve America's historic buildings and neighborhoods. Offers a synopsis of the history of the preservation movement, an analysis of the relevant data, and discussion of key issues that face preservationists. Includes appendices on federal legislation, National Register's criteria for evaluation, and Secretary of Interior's standards and guidelines. Also, a chronology of important dates in the history of preservation starting from the 18th century. -- AATA


ROGER COTIERRELL, The Rule of Law in Transition: Revisiting Franz Neumann's Sociology of Legality The article proposes a framework for re-examining the concept of the Rule of Law so as to take account of recent historical change in the character and context of regulation. The aim is to be able to relate the concept directly to contemporary regulatory problems and conditions. A core of meaning of the Rule of Law invokes values of equality, individual autonomy and security. Neumann's sociological study of legality provides a basis for examining aspects of contemporary social structure in terms of their significance for the Rule of Law, seen as an integration of these values. The article concludes that the social context of legality has changed significantly since Neumann's time, but that the Rule of Law and its component values remain important. The pursuit of these values requires a combination of certain universal protections for individual citizens, the promotion of decentralization and forms of community selfregulation, and the creation of specific controls on corporate economic power. CHRISTINE BELL AND MARIE Fox, Telling Stories of Women Who Kill The article explores the limitations of current feminist discourse about female killers. It suggests that, outside the context of the battered woman who kills her abuser, feminists have been unable to posit a rational story which explains the actions of the female killer. In part this has accounted for the absence of feminist challenge to the stock stories which dominate the courtroom and press coverage of high profile trials where women have killed 'innocent' victims. We argue that there is a need to contest such depictions of women who kill, but conclude that the best way to contest the dominant narratives may be to resist the lure of constructing an alternative story. Ultimately a strategy which is sceptical of storytelling, and its tendency towards closure, may open up space for feminist dialogue concerning penal reform. SUSAN B. BOYD, Is There an Ideology ofMotherhood in (Post)Modern Child Custody Law? The concept of the ideology of motherhood assisted early feminist work on child custody law in understanding how a field where women appeared to 'succeed' could nonetheless be problematic. It has, however, recently been subjected to criticism. This article reviews the use of the ideology of motherhood in the context of child custody law as well as challenges to its utility in the analysis of women's oppression. Its continued resonance as a conceptual tool, despite shifts in its content and application, is


The fact that the population is increasing day by day requires more careful use of limited resources. Making these limited resources reusable after use has a separate meaning in terms of both the environment and the economy. Therefore; the importance of recycling activities is increasing day by day. The managers of the countries; Due to the increasing importance of recycling activities, they make legal arrangements to encourage these activities. Particularly in the construction sector, because of the extensible resources are used extensively, recycling activities are applied intensively. Within the scope of the study, the recycling activities (asphalt, used vehicle tires, slags, glass waste and marble waste) in the construction sector were researched. In addition, applications after recycling of materials have been examined. The economic contribution of the acquisition of materials through recycling has been expressed.


Since assuming its seat in the UN Security Council in 1971, China has gradually moved to use its veto to protect pariah states (with which it does business) and to check United States policy on matters deemed not to be in China's interests (the protection or recognition of Taiwan.) China's UN diplomacy is coloured far more by pragmatism than it is by ideology - its voting being shaped by world perceptions as well as strategic considerations. Domestically, China experiences some 150,000 to 180,000 protest demonstrations and riots a year. Yet, despite widespread corruption and massive inequalities of income and wealth, the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) retains its iron grip on power - economic, health, environmental and political destabilizing factors notwithstanding. Essentially, the CCP controls, imprisons or executes all who seek to reform it or who dare to openly oppose it. Significantly, Mao Ze Dong, often eulogized as a great benefactor, killed 78 million of his own citizens (through starvation or violence), making him a greater mass murderer than the Nazi leader, Adolph Hitler, who killed 17 million German civilian opponents - some 458.8% fewer than Mao's tally of victims.


This study examined the relation of career plateauing to job satisfaction, organizational commitment and turnover intentions and the moderating effects of mentoring on the relationships between career plateauing and the three dependent variables. Data were collected from 280 government employees in Nigeria who were more than 30 years old and came from a wide variety of organizations. Results of this study showed that career plateauing was negatively correlated with job satisfaction and organizational commitment and positively correlated with turnover intentions. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses indicated that mentoring played a significant moderating role on the relationships between career plateauing and job satisfaction and turnover intentions. Based on the findings, the implications, limitations of this study and direction for future research are discussed.


Achieving multi-gigabit per second data rates, millimeter wave communication promises to accommodate future and current demands for very high speed wireless data transmission. However, the mandatory use of directional antennas brings significant challenges for the design of efficient MAC layer mechanisms. In particular, IEEE 802.11ad for the 60 GHz band lacks omni-directional transmissions and carrier sensing. This prevents stations from overhearing the actions of other stations, the so called "deafness" problem, which substantially impairs the efficiency and fairness of CSMA/CA medium access. Most existing solutions to this problem depend on properties of lower frequency bands and thus do not apply to 60 GHz. In this paper, we propose a dual-band MAC protocol combining 60 GHz communication with co-existing 5 GHz interfaces. By broadcasting control messages on 5 GHz frequencies, we solve the deafness problem and can use the 60 GHz band exclusively for high rate data transmission. While our approach occupies air time on the 5 GHz band for control messages, it does achieve a net throughput gain (over both bands) of up to 65.3% compared to IEEE 802.11ad. In addition, our simulation results show an improvement of MAC fairness of up to 42.8% over IEEE 802.11ad.


In this paper, the main purpose is to present a review of the relationship between cash holding and corporate governance mechanims. To achieve it, the study reviews the related papers to discover the connections between some internal and external corporate governance mechanims which impact on the cash reserve. The paper finds out the ownership struture, board structure and regulations influence on the cash holding level in transition economies. Based on the review, the paper developes the hypotheseses, conceptual framework and methodology. The paper analyses the current studies to sugguest the furture research for developing a model.


This paper proposes deriving regional intensity-duration-frequency (IDF) curves for Edmonton, Canada, based on the scaling property of precipitation data using ensemble empirical mode decomposition (EEMD). Selected sets of annual maximum precipitation data were decomposed by the EEMD to intrinsic mode functions (IMFs), and the scaling property was investigated. Next, representative scale exponents were extracted. The results show that quantiles derived from general extreme value (GEV) probability distribution (PD) with parameters derived by the probability-weighted moment (PWM) are more accurate than those derived from the extreme value type I (EVI) PD with parameters derived by the method of moment (MOM), whose underestimation of rainfall intensity becomes obvious for high return period (greater than 25 years) and short duration (less than 1 h). The results also show that for Edmonton, generally three of four IMFs of the precipitation data showed a simple scaling property, and regional IDF curves derived from the scaling IDF and EEMD approach predict accurate storm intensities for rain-gauging sites at both the calibration and validation stages, but there could be errors associated with predicted storms of high return periods (100 year). DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE)HE.1943-5584.0000612. © 2013 American Society of Civil Engineers.


Previous studies report that the response of retinal vessels to a decrease in oxygen (hypoxia) is vasodilation, thus increasing blood flow. We aimed to characterize the changes in retinal microvasculature induced by a mild hypoxia stress test in a healthy population, using ocular coherence tomography angiography (OCT‐A) technology.


One of the important reasons that satellite data quality can't effectively meet the needs of applications is the disjointing between satellite development and applications. It will restrict the application of domestic satellite data. Camera development is the core and key in the numerous factors influencing the quality of satellite data.Camera index set decides the application range and usefulness of the satellite. On the basis of the systematic study and analysis of satellite payloads index set both in China and abroad,this paper puts forward some basic index set suggestions for VIS / NIR multispectral camera with which users are concerned,such as spectral range,spatial resolution,swath width,revisit period,according to the user's use of data and in consideration of the industral application needs of geology and mineral resources. Meanwhile,such factors as land resources,environmental protection,agriculture,forestry and disaster reduction are taken into account. The suggestions put forward in this paper can provide application support for camera development.


Neogene stratigraphy of the Akita oil fields (s.l.) was first established by OHASHI (in TOYAMA, 1925) in the Oga Peninsula, and later by OMURA (1928, 1930) in and around Akita City, which is an important oil-producing area in the region. The oil-bearing marine strata in the Akita City area belong to the Onnagawa, Funakawa, Tentokuji and Sasaoka Formations, the type locality of the former two is in the Oga Peninsula. The Tentokuji and Sasaoka Formations were designated in the Akita City area and have been correlated with the Kitaura and Wakimoto Formations of the Oga Peninsula. The stratigraphic succession in the Akita City area has long been regarded as the standard succession not only for the Akita oil fields but also for the Neogene sequences along the Japan Sea coastal regions.Recent studies in magnetostratigraphy and in biostratigraphy based on diatoms, calcareous nannoplankton and planktonic foraminifera indicate that the correlation, so far established between the successions in the Oga Peninsula and Akita City area, is not valid. Based on these studies, the Onnagawa Formation of the Akita City area is correlated with the lower to middle part of the same formation of the Oga Peninsula, and the Funakawa Formation of the Akita City area is correlated with the upper part of the Onnagawa to the basal part of the Funakawa Formation of the Peninsula. The Tentokuji and Sasaoka Formations are correlated with most of the Funakawa Formation of the Peninsula, unlike the usual practice of correlating them with the Kitaura and Wakimoto Formations. It is after the deposition of the Sasaoka Formation that the Early Pleistocene Kitaura and Wakimoto Formations were deposited in a marine basin, which existed as a remnant of the earlier one, to the west of the present coast line of Akita-Noshiro.The Kitayuri thrust system along the present coast line seems responsible for the difference in the sedimentary environment of the two areas since the time of deposition of the upper part of the Onnagawa Formation in the Oga Peninsula.


We establish the context of software maintenance outsourcing of large commercial systems and discuss the problem of estimating the maintenance effort in absence of key parameters such as development effort and maintenance history. To arrive at the drivers that could have a significant effect on the maintenance effort, an experiment was conducted at Syntel, a NASDAQ listed application management and e-business solutions company. We present the list of possible drivers, the profile of the people who participated in the experiment, the details of the 36 experiments and the statistical analysis of the experiment based on Taguchi's methodology. For a system whose size parameter in terms of lines of code is known, we conclude that the five most significant parameters that effect the efforts of maintenance are a)the multi time zone support, b)average number of lines per program, c)percentage of online programs in the total system, d)the nature of service level agreements and e)the complexity of the file system being used.


Life-time prediction methods, which are based on a number of empirical and phenomenological relationships, are presented. Three aspects are reviewed: effects of testing parameters on high temperature fatigue, life-time prediction, and high temperature fatigue crack growth.


—Cashless payments are nowadays ubiquitous and decentralized digital currencies like Bitcoin are increasingly used as means of payment. However, due to the delay of the transaction confirmation in Bitcoin, it is not used for payments that rely on quick transaction confirmation. We present a concept that addresses this drawback of Bitcoin and allows it to be used for fast transactions. We evaluate the performance of the concept using double-spending attacks and show that, employing our concept, the success of such attacks diminishes to less than 0.09%. Moreover, we present a real world application: We modified a snack vending machine to accept Bitcoin payments and make use of fast transaction confirmations.


We investigated 284 P.E.students and 241 non-P.E.students at Huanggang Normal University to compare the characteristics of physical self-concept of the two groups by using Physical Self-Description Questionnaire(PSDQ).The result shows that P.E.students' physical self-concept is significantly better than non-P.E.students';P.E.male and female students' physical self-concept is respectively better than non-P.E.male and female students' significantly,and the physical self-concept of male students of the two groups is respectively better than the female students';and the physical self-concept of P.E.students from rural and urban areas is respectively better than non-P.E.students from rural and urban areas significantly,and the physical self-concept of the two groups' students from rural areas is respectively better than the students' from urban areas.The interaction of specialty and sex significantly influence the body harmony index and activity index of physical self-concept,and the interaction of specialty and area don't significantly influence all the indexes of physical self-concept.


Coherent optical communication systems applying modulation formats with a dimensionality of four or higher are investigated and compared to systems using conventional formats. Higher dimensionality can be achieved by applying modulation over more than one polarization, time-slot, wavelength, mode or core. Both uncoded systems and systems applying forward-error correction (FEC) coding are studied in terms of spectral efficiency and sensitivity. It is shown that increasing the dimensionality for a constant spectral efficiency improves the sensitivity substantially if no coding is applied, whereas the corresponding gains generally are much smaller in FEC-coded systems.


Stars evolving along the Asymptotic Giant Branch can become Carbon-rich in the final part of their evolution. They replenish the inter-stellar medium with nuclear processed material via strong radiative stellar winds. The determination of the luminosity function of these stars, even if far from being conclusive, is extremely important to test the reliability of theoretical models. In particular, strong constraints on the mixing treatment and the mass-loss rate can be derived.
We present an updated Luminosity Function of Galactic Carbon Stars obtained from a re-analysis of available data already published in previous papers. Starting from available near- and mid-infrared photometric data, we re-determine the selection criteria. Moreover, we take advantage from updated distance estimates and Period-Luminosity relations and we adopt a new formulation for the computation of Bolometric Corrections. This leads us to collect an improved sample of carbon-rich sources from which we construct an updated Luminosity Function.
The Luminosity Function of Galactic Carbon Stars peaks at magnitudes around -4.9, confirming the results obtained in a previous work. Nevertheless, the Luminosity Function presents two symmetrical tails instead of the larger high luminosity tail characterizing the former Luminosity Function. The derived Luminosity Function of Galactic Carbon Stars matches the indications coming from recent theoretical evolutionary Asymptotic Giant Branch models, thus confirming the validity of the choices of mixing treatment and mass-loss history. Moreover, we compare our new Luminosity Function with its counterpart in the Large Magellanic Cloud finding that the two distributions are very similar for dust-enshrouded sources, as expected from stellar evolutionary models. Finally, we derive a new fitting formula aimed to better determine Bolometric Corrections for C-stars.


A typical airway is needed for typical improvement of the craniofacial structures. The objective of the research was to; analyse and contrast the pharyngeal airway volume in the class I and class II facial skeletal patterns using cone beam computed tomography. Methods: The present retrospective study was led on 80 cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) records of adult egyptians ranging in age from 20-40 years. The records were equally divided into 2 groups; group I (G1) skeletal class I ANB =1°-4°), (group II, skeletal class II (G2) ANB >4°). Evaluation of the pharyngeal air way space volume was conducted and statistically analyzed to contrast between G1 and G2 Results: Statistically significant distinctions was found on total pharyngea1 airway volume between G1&G2 Conclusion: The entire volume of pharyngea1 airway space was much larger in G1 than G2 subjects.


With the development of modern technology,computing based on the computer program has become the main mode of engineering structural analysis. Curriculum content of the structural mechanics,as the most important professional basic course of the civil engineering,should be reduced or added according to the corresponding needs of professional development. Mechanical engineering case and calculation program should be introduced to practical teaching strategies.


In this era of low-carbon economy, environmental problems has become a critical factor of the s ustainable development of the world's steel industry, the environmental impact of iron and steel industry has become a constraint that restricts its development as one of the most important reason, this paper regards how to reduce the environmental load of the iron and steel industry as its goal, according to China's steel industry status and development trends, establishing a scientific and rational environmental assessment indicator system, having an objective assessment of environmental issues on the existing iron and steel industry with the Principal factor analysis method, we can understand and analyze the green degree and environmental load of iron and steel industry correctly, so all these can provide the strong theory support to determine the future development of China's iron and steel industry model and improve the development direction, it has so important practical significance to the ultimate realization of environmental and ecological China's iron and steel industry.


In this letter, a sub-connected hybrid precoding system was designed to realize energy-efficient millimeter-Wave (mmWave) unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) communications. Considering the limited capacity of the UAV battery, the system was jointly optimized with a UAV trajectory to increase the energy efficiency of the UAV under quality-of-service (QoS) and power budget constraints. The dynamic motion of the UAV changes the channel condition between the UAV and terrestrial users over time. Hence, a joint optimization problem was formulated as a non-convex and time-sequential domain, solved using deep reinforcement learning (DRL). The performances of the proposed scheme and a fully-connected hybrid precoding scheme were compared in terms of energy efficiency and show higher results.


Thank you for reading brain and spine imaging patterns. As you may know, people have look numerous times for their favorite readings like this brain and spine imaging patterns, but end up in harmful downloads. Rather than enjoying a good book with a cup of tea in the afternoon, instead they juggled with some malicious bugs inside their computer. brain and spine imaging patterns is available in our book collection an online access to it is set as public so you can download it instantly. Our digital library spans in multiple locations, allowing you to get the most less latency time to download any of our books like this one. Kindly say, the brain and spine imaging patterns is universally compatible with any devices to read.


The essence of the article is the use of multi-criteria static optimization of object motion, based on a set of optimal Pareto points in the space of possible variants of solutions for a new approach to the problem as a game control. Using the example of the two-criteria optimization of the final payoff of the object game control during the safe evasion of the encountered objects, six methods of multi-criteria static optimization are presented—Bentham's utilitarian rule, Rawls's principle of justice, Salukvadze's benchmark, Benson's weighted sums, Haimes's constraints, and goal-oriented programming. In the end, the results obtained by the two-criteria optimization are compared with regard to the values of the components of the final game payoff—the risk of collision and the deviation of the object from the safe route of the set trajectory of movement. The directions for the development of multi-criteria optimization methods, both static and dynamic, and the game are indicated. http://www.transnav.eu the International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation Volume 15


Magnesium alloys namely find wide use in aeronautics and automotive industries thanks to their advantageous properties given by combination of strength (160-365 MPa), elastic modulus (45 GPa) and low density (1740 kg/m 3 ). Knowledge of elastic-plastic properties at high temperatures is often of utmost importance for complex evaluation of magnesium alloys. Objective of the work was focused on determination of changes of elastic-plastic properties of magnesium alloy AZ91 in dependence on method of its production, processing and graduated Al contents, including investigation of fracture characteristics with use of SEM. Impact of previous deformation after equal channel angular pressing by ECAP method on mechanical properties of selected alloys was considered as another important factor.


Using the Liapunoff method, the global asymptotic stability of the stationary solution of the time-dependent thermistor problem is proved. In this paper we study a special case of the time-dependent thermistor problem, for which it is possible to give a fairly complete description of the asymptotic behaviour of the solution. A difference of potential V, in series with an ordinary resistor R, is applied to an indefinite slab of width d and electric conductivity a(u). We model this situation with the following one-dimensional initial-boundary value problem (D): {cr(u)(px)x = 0 (1) ¥>(0,t)=0 (2) V — Ra(0)tpx(d, t) <p(d, t) = 0 (3) ut uxx = a(u)<pl (4) tt(0, t) = u(d, t) — 0 (5) u(x, 0) = uo(x) (6) where ip(x, t) is the electric potential and u{x, t) the temperature. In the usual thermistor problem, R is taken equal to 0, but this ignores e.g. the internal resistance of the generator. Thus, the present model is physically more realistic. The method is based on the use of a Liapunoff function. We treat in details the case a(u) = a0eu, (7) which is relevant in the theory of PTC thermistor [5]. In recent years, the thermistor problem has been the subject of many mathematical investigations. We quote, among others, the work of W. Allegretto, W. Lin ([1], [2]), and A. Lacey ([8], [9]) for the time-dependent case and, for the steady case, the papers of S. Howison, F. Rodrigues, and M. Shilor ([6], [7]). Received December 19, 2002. 2000 Mathematics Subject Classification. Primary 78A97, 34C25. E-mail address: cimattiadm.unipi.it ©2004 Brown University 471 472 GIOVANNI CIMATTI We consider first the stationary problem (S) corresponding to (D), i.e.: {cr(u)<p')' = 0 (8) ¥>(0) = 0 (9) V-Rcr(0)<p'{d)-<p(d) = 0 (10) —u" — a(u)ip'2 (11) u(0) = u(d) — 0. (12) When R = 0, problem (S) has one and only one solution if t = /0°° ^|y > and no solution when ^ > I. We refer for more details to [6]. In the present situation there is always one and only one solution. This can easily be understood on physical grounds, since the electric current cannot exceed a fixed value determined by the presence of R. A formal proof is the following. Let F : [0, oo) —> [0, t) Fw=r^ <i3) and 2 o = ^ + F(u),r = <p(d). (14) If (u(x),ip(x)) is a solution to problem (S) we have (a{u)9')' = 0 (15) 0(0) = 0, 9(d) = y (16) (a (u)ip')' = 0 (17) <p(0) = 0, <p{d) = r. (18) Whence it follows the functional relation (19) Let u = G{w), G : [0,^) —> [0, oo) be the inverse function of w = F(u). From (14) and (19) we have / \ <P2(X)\ /r>n\ «(*) = G(— j-)(20) Define the bijection L : [0, T] —> [0, L(r)], ip = L(ip) via rf , ,+v t'2\ , )dt m = jo »(G(f-|))' and ip(x) = L(ip(x)). By (20) and (17) we have ip"{x) — 0, V(0) = 0, and tp(d) = L(tp(d)) = L(T). Hence ip(x) = xLf'> and ip'(d) = Thus condition (10) becomes V-T=*L(Y) (21) where ASYMPTOTICS FOR THE TIME-DEPENDENT THERMISTOR PROBLEM 473 and, by direct computation, we find g L(T) = — arctan L V8 — r2 J The solutions of problem (S) are in a one-to-one correspondence with those of Eq. (21) and, by elementary means, it can be seen that (21) has a unique solution T. Hence the only solution to problem (S) is given by: »>(*) = L (—j, «w = 0(— — The norm in L2(0,d) is denoted by || ||. Other norms are identified by subscript. Theorem 1. Let T > 0, Uq(x) G Hq(0, d), and Uom = min Uo(x). Then, there exists one and only one solution to problem (D) such that u(x,t) G L2(0, T; H2(0, d)) fl L°°(0, T; (0, d)), ut{x,t) G L2{0, T; i2(0, d)). (22)


Domain adaptation has recently gained interest in statistical machine translation to cope with the performance drop observed when testing conditions deviate from training conditions. The basic idea is that in-domain training data can be exploited to adapt all components of an already developed system. Previous work showed small performance gains by adapting from limited in-domain bilingual data. Here, we aim instead at significant performance gains by exploiting large but cheap monolingual in-domain data, either in the source or in the target language. We propose to synthesize a bilingual corpus by translating the monolingual adaptation data into the counterpart language. Investigations were conducted on a state-of-the-art phrase-based system trained on the Spanish--English part of the UN corpus, and adapted on the corresponding Europarl data. Translation, re-ordering, and language models were estimated after translating in-domain texts with the baseline. By optimizing the interpolation of these models on a development set the BLEU score was improved from 22.60% to 28.10% on a test set.


This work highlights recent advancements in the integration of analytical tools into DMF devices, and discusses the current challenges and potential solutions as well as future outlooks for an automated, integrative platform for POC applications.


At least one ionomer resin layer (a) and an acid polymer or an acid polymer and a laminate structure that is formed is heated to have at least one layer (b) of the thermoplastic polyolefin blends can be produced a molded product, and an additional polyolefin substrate to be provided can. To color the this laminate can not be painted to the surface of the plastic substrate. The laminate is useful for manufacturing automotive parts and sports requisites.


Accessing qualified information has an important place in the efficiency of education and training. In order to support the learning that takes place in the individual, there are changes in the means of information transferred from the outside. It is important to determine the attitudes of prospective teachers towards the new learning environment which is used to transfer information in education through devices such as smart phones and tablets. The purpose of this study is to investigate the attitudes of prospective teachers towards mobile learning. Being one of the quantitative research, the Cross-Sectional Survey design was used in the study. Data in the study were collected using the M-learning attitude scale. The data for the study were obtained on a volunteer basis from students in six different departments attending the education faculty of a state university. The results of the study showed that prospective teachers' attitudes towards mobile learning were positive. Based on these results, it is understood that mobile learning tools may be included in the educational activities to be planned for primary and secondary education in the future.


The ultrahigh pressure extraction technology(UPE) of the polysaccharide from Portulaca oleracea L was studied.The test was plan with response surface methodology(RSM).The best extraction conditions are determined as follow:ratio of the material-liquid 1:20(g/mL),200 MPa holding 5 min.The yield of the polysaccharide is 22.21% at the optimum extraction condition.Using infrared spectroscopy and high-performance liquid chromatography measure the polysaccharide,the main polysaccharide as follows: galacturonic acid,glucose,galactose and arabinose.


1Assistant professor, Dept. Of ISE, BMSIT&M, Bangalore-560064, Karnataka, India 2BE Student, Dept. Of ISE, BMSIT&M, Bangalore-560064, Karnataka, India ---------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------Abstract Automatic License Plate Recognition (ALPR) is a kind of image processing and pattern recognition technology for recognizing the vehicle number plate from an image or video of a vehicle. ALPR has become a very important tool in our daily lives because of the unlimited increase of vehicles, which makes it difficult to be monitored by humans. Some of the examples are traffic monitoring, tracking stolen cars, managing parking toll, parking space management and border checkpoints. It's a challenging problem, due to the diversity of plate formats, different scales, rotations and nonuniform illumination conditions during capturing the image. In this paper, we discuss various methods used for character recognition and compare the accuracy of the methods. Character recognition is the final stage of ALPR system and choosing a correct recognition algorithm is important for recognizing the characters on license plate.


The tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) antagonists infliximab, adalimumab, and etanercept have been approved for the treatment of chronic inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, psoriasis, and psoriatic arthritis. Manifestations of demyelinating disease have been reported for patients receiving TNF-α antagonists. We describe a rare manifestation of a chronic inflammatory process affecting both the central and peripheral nervous system in a patient who received infliximab for the treatment of psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis. Infliximab therapy was discontinued and symptoms improved under high-dose intravenous glucocorticoid pulse therapy.


On the basis of analysis for the strength coefficient of coke particles, a new method for determining the compressive strength of coke particles has been put forward, in which the anti fragmentary property is evaluated with compressive strength coefficient. It has been verified via many tests that with this new method, the accuracy of the results can be improved greatly, and at the same time, the compressive strength of coke particles consisting of many kinds of grain sizes can also be evaluated.


This chapter is an attempt to understand the impact of CSR on a very important stakeholder of the company (i.e., an employee of the company). Employees are an integral part of the company, and at the same time, they can be the costumer of the company if using the product or services offered by the company. This thing makes him a powerful tool to analyze the impact of various initiatives of the organization which will have long lasting impact on the company as well as on the society as a whole. This study is conducted through a survey by preparing questionnaire for obtaining information from the employees of different organizations regarding their perception w.r.t. CSR activities. The result of the report shows that CSR engagement of the company has positive impact on the employee. But, the report also suggests that companies are lacking in terms of their CSR initiatives from last few years. It further suggests that inputs and methods of the CSR activities by the organizations should improve in order to increase the productivity and belongingness of the employees.


There is a boundless noumenal meaning of rationality about human cultural being.Rationality is the cultural spirit on the meaning of culture philosophy.Rationality is one kind of the historical being.Both value rationality and tool rationality are developed from noumenon rationality and give play to leading function in the different period of the human culture history.Value rationality and tool rationality are two leading cultural spirits corresponding to science spirit and humanities spirit in the modern ideological system.The conflicting between science and humanities is the main form of modern cultural crisis.The one-sided and narrow meaning of rationality has resulted in much serious cultural consequences.The cultural mansion of our time must be built on the foundation of noumenon rationality and embody the inner unity of science spirit and humanities spirit.


Debugging high-speed ADCs is a unique challenge because of the enormous rate at which they spew data. Modern devices can fling out 20 GB of data per second. That's like 250 DVDs worth of information per minute! How're you going to deal with that? You're not. That's the secret.


A triterpene saponin was extracted from traditional Chinese medicine Cucurbita pepo cv Dayangua. Its Structure was determined by 2D NMR. Complete assignment of the 1H and 13C chemical shifts for the compound was obtained. The structure was elucidated to be cucurbitacin E 2-O-b-D-glucoside.


This article provides an up-to-date, comprehensive synthesis and evaluation of the existing literatura on multinational firms and foreign direct investment. Unlike most previous reviews it combines severalinsights showing their inconsistencies and complementarities. Through a chronological description it presents the main strands since the earliest perfect competition studies from the 1960s till some new recent contributions such as the knowledge-capital model, heterogeneous firms models, and internalisation issues. The paper also offers a new perspective, by reviewing the available computable general equilibrium models that include multinationals and foreign direct investment.


Thispaperproposes anewminutiae-basedfingerprint matching algorithm using avariation oftheGeneralized Hough Transform calledMGHT, whichallows variations intranslation, rotation, scale, andsome distortions ofthefingerprints, withverylowcomplexity. A simple local structure ofthefingerprint isconstructed tocollect template datafrom anumberofminutiae. The matchingprocessisperformed by votingfor transformation parameters byusingtarget fingerprint local structure tolookupsimilar datainthetemplate. Theresult withastrong peakintheparameter spaceis considered as a match.Thealgorithm isefficient, precise, androbust tonoise. Thetest results onseveral images demonstrate theeffectiveness ofthis fingerprint matching method.


During DNA-analysis sample preparation steps claim a large proportion of the available time. Protocol optimization contributes substantially to increased laboratory productivity. The Sampletype i-sep® SQ extraction system was developed to improve the process of sample preparation by optimizing yield and reproducibility of DNA isolation; as the quantity and quality of genomic DNA extracted from any sample greatly impacts the success of the downstream analysis and the overall quality of the final result. This is particular the case for field specimens, which might be limited in quantity, may be environmentally exposed, and may require purification from difficult substrates containing PCR inhibitors. Proprietary filter material allows the sample lysis and separation of DNA in the same device without any manual transfer of the substrate or additional pipetting steps. The novel column system is ideally suitable for DNA extraction procedures involving a diversity of specimens from both routine clinical and challenging forensic samples. For clinical application the product is CE labeled as in-vitro diagnostic (IVD).


Although nitric oxide (NO) is now recognized as a key signaling molecule in plants, studies of NO-dependent processes in animal systems have demonstrated that protein S-nitrosylation of Cys residues is an important regulatory mechanism for many animal proteins. S-Nitrosylation is now regarded as posttranslational modification similar to phosphorylation. In this issue, Lindermayr et al. (pp. 921–930) employ a proteomics approach to examine the question of whether S-nitrosylation is common in Arabidopsis as well. They have identified 63 proteins from cell cultures and 52 proteins from leaves that represent candidates for S-nitrosylation, including stress-related, redox-related, signaling/regulating, cytoskeleton, and metabolic proteins. Strikingly, about 60% of these proteins have been identified previously as targets of S-nitrosylation in animals. At the enzymatic level, a case study demonstrated NO-dependent reversible inhibition of plant glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, suggesting that this enzyme could be affected by S-nitrosylation. This research represents an important starting point for further investigations into the signaling pathways and other cellular processes regulated by protein S-nitrosylation in plants.


In this paper, we continue the study of boundedness questions for (simply connected) smooth Calabi-Yau threefolds commenced in arXiv:1706.01268. The diffeomorphism class of such a threefold is known to be determined up to finitely many possibilities by the integral middle cohomology and two integral forms on the integral second cohomology, namely the cubic cup-product form and the linear form given by cup-product with the second chern class. The question addressed in both papers is whether knowledge of these cubic and linear forms determines the threefold up to finitely many families, that is the moduli of such threefolds is bounded. If this is true, then in particular the middle integral cohomology would be bounded by knowing these two forms. Crucial to this question is the study of rigid non-movable surfaces on the threefold, which are the irreducible surfaces that deform with any small deformation of the complex structure of the threefold but for which no multiple moves on the threefold. We showed in the previous paper that if there are no such surfaces, then the answer to the above question is yes. Moreover if the Picard number is 2, the answer was shown to be yes without any further assumptions on the Calabi-Yau threefold. The main results of this paper are for Picard number 3, where we prove birational boundedness in the case where there is at most one rigid non-movable surface, assuming the cubic form is smooth (thereby defining a real elliptic curve) and the line defined by the second chern class does not intersect this curve in a rational point. In addition to the methods described in the previous paper, further crucial tools in the proofs will be the classical Steinian involution on the Hessian of an elliptic curve and Siegel's theorem concerning integral points on an affine integral curve.


In this work, we present machine-learning-based predictive control schemes for nonlinear processes subject to disturbances, and investigate system stability properties using statistical machine learning theory. Specifically, we derive a generalization error bound via Rademacher complexity method for the recurrent neural networks (RNN) that are developed to capture the dynamics of the nominal system. Then, the RNN models are incorporated in Lyapunov-based model predictive controllers, under which we study closed-loop stability properties for the nonlinear systems subject to two types of disturbances: bounded disturbances and stochastic disturbances with unbounded variation.


The enzyme L‐idonate dehydrogenase (L‐IdDH) is an important enzyme in the pathway for the biosynthesis of tartaric acid from ascorbic acid in grapes. L‐IdDH is an NAD+/NADH‐dependent enzyme which catalyzes the conversion of L‐idonate to 5‐keto‐D‐gluconate. Analysis of the amino acid sequence indicates that L‐IdDH from Vitis vinifera is a member of the family of medium chain dehydrogenases/reductases and is 79% identical with the putative sorbitol dehydrogenase (SDH) from Arabidopsis thaliana. Despite the high degree of homology, each enzyme is specific for its substrate with neither enzyme showing activity toward the substrate of the other. One of the notable differences in the amino acid sequences of L‐IdDH compared to SDH is at position 42 where His is located in L‐IdDH in contrast to Tyr in SDH. It is possible that the cationic His in L‐IdDH is essential to the binding of the anionic substrates L‐idonate and 5‐keto‐D‐gluconate. For this study, site‐directed mutagenesis was performed to convert 42H to 42R and to 42Y in L‐IdDH. Assay results indicate that mutation of His (positive charge) to Arg (positive charge) causes a significant reduction in activity toward 5‐keto‐D‐gluconate and a mutation to Tyr (uncharged) at this position completely eliminates activity. These finding illustrate the critical role of 42H in the activity and substrate specificity of L‐IdDH.


—One of the most common activities of university students in the areas of journalism and communication is to write news or research articles for their classes. To do this, students apply the concepts they studied in their courses to do fieldwork, conduct research, and to write the news. To facilitate this academic activity, we developed the InContext mobile application (app), which contains preloaded templates to guide the student through the process of news writing and research reporting. This application allows a student to add audio, video files, photos and link this to the information. The first stage of our research was for diagnostic purposes. It consisted of a review of the reports and textual articles prepared by students to identify the necessary characteristics that should be considered for the templates we were designing. The second stage consisted of the development of the application and its testing to get feedback and make necessary adjustments to the app. The results so far indicate that, with the teacher's guidance, students follow the required structure of the template, but elements of formatting that could be predicted with the use of the app escape them. Ideally, the app will allow the student to focus on the quality of the content. The future evolution of the app envisages redesigning it to include activities that promote the development of cognitive skills through the use of the app.


ABSTRACT This paper proposes an affine scaling interior trust-region method in association with nonmonotone line search filter technique for solving nonlinear optimization problems subject to linear inequality constraints. Based on a Newton step which is derived from the complementarity conditions of linear inequality constrained optimization, a trust-region subproblem subject only to an ellipsoidal constraint is defined by minimizing a quadratic model with an appropriate quadratic function and scaling matrix. The nonmonotone schemes combining with trust-region strategy and line search filter technique can bring about speeding up the convergence progress in the case of high nonlinear. A new backtracking relevance condition is given which assures global convergence without using the switching condition used in the traditional line search filter technique. The fast local convergence rate of the proposed algorithm is achieved which is not depending on any external restoration procedure. The preliminary numerical experiments are reported to show effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.


While the MSME sector is gaining importance in terms of its contribution to the economy, it suffers from adequate supply of institutional credit. This is a matter of concern to MSMEs particularly when the present Government is focusing on promotion and development of young entrepreneurs through innovative schemes and programmes. Hence, it calls for analysing issues associated with institutional credit to MSMEs and suggesting suitable strategies. In this regard, both the Government of India and the Reserve Bank have been taking several new initiatives by formulating new policy guidelines, strengthening the institutional set-up, introducing credit schemes, providing fiscal and monetary incentives, etc. Along with this, problems at the grass root level also need to be understood to ensure adequate, timely and hassle free institutional credit to MSMEs. To bridge this gap, a case is developed to explain the process of how a new MSME avails credit, and the current practices of banks and financial institutions in granting credit. From the case analysis, it would be possible to draw a conceptual and practical road map to ensure need based credit through better project appraisal. It would help make credit institutions more MSME friendly.


The sexual values and norms transmitted to adolescents through school‐based sexuality education programs have been noted and critiqued by an interdisciplinary pool of researchers. With the increasing availability of the Internet to many American adolescents, the opportunities it provides for discreet and independent exploration, and the virtual lack of regulation of information provided by web sites, the Internet is emerging as a unique and critical site of sexuality education. This work analyzes the values and norms transmitted to adolescents via 52 sexuality education web sites, drawing parallels to its school‐based counterpart and interrogating the reliance of all forms of sexuality education on a problem‐focused, gendered, and narrowly‐bounded discourse of adolescent sexuality.


Pushing trade cycles out by a few hundred thousand miles may sound like a good way to reduce lifecycle costs, but it's not an exercise for the ill-informed.


BACKGROUND
Cough is often distressing for patients with pneumonia. Accordingly they often use over-the-counter (OTC) cough medications (mucolytics or cough suppressants). These might provide relief in reducing the severity of cough, but conversely, suppression of the cough mechanism might impede airway clearance and cause harm.

OBJECTIVES
To evaluate the efficacy of OTC cough medications as an adjunct to antibiotics in children and adults with pneumonia.

SEARCH STRATEGY
We searched the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) (The Cochrane Library 2006, Issue 4); MEDLINE (January 1966 to December 2006); OLDMEDLINE (1950 to 1965); EMBASE (1980 to December 2006) and the list of references in relevant publications.

SELECTION CRITERIA
All randomised controlled trials (RCTs) in children and adults comparing any type of OTC cough medication with a placebo, or control medication, with cough as an outcome and where the cough is secondary to acute pneumonia.

DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS
We independently selected trials for inclusion. Data were extracted from these studies, assessed for methodological quality without disagreement, and analysed using standard methods.

MAIN RESULTS
Four studies were included with a total of 224 participants; one was performed exclusively in children and three in adolescents or adults. One using an antitussive had no extractable pneumonia-specific data. Three different mucolytics (bromhexine, ambroxol, neltenexine) were used in the remaining studies, of which only two had extractable data. They demonstrated no significant difference for the primary outcome of 'not cured or not improved' for mucolytics. A secondary outcome of 'not cured' was reduced (odds ratio (OR) 0.36, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.16 to 0.77; number needed to treat (NNT) 5, 95% CI 3 to 16 for children and OR 0.32, 95% CI 0.13 to 0.75; NNT 5, 95% CI 3 to 19 for adults). In a post hoc analysis combining data for children and adults, again there was also no difference in the primary outcome of 'not cured or not improved' (OR 0.85, 95% CI 0.40 to 1.80) although mucolytics reduced the secondary outcome 'not cured' (OR 0.33, 95% CI 0.19 to 0.60; NNT 4, 95% CI 3 to 8).

AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS
There is insufficient evidence to decide whether OTC medications for cough associated with acute pneumonia are beneficial. Mucolytics may be, but there is insufficient evidence to recommend them as an adjunctive treatment of acute pneumonia. This leaves only theoretical recommendations that OTC medications containing codeine and antihistamines should not be used in young children.


Various welding operations involved in the construction of power generation plants, chemical plants, etc. requiring high standards of weld quality have routinely been performed by trained welders. Various occupational factors, such as what is known in Japan as 3K (kiken, kitsui, kitanai = dangerous, arduous, dirty) working as well as the shortage and advancing age of trained welders, have led to a growing demand for full automation of welding. To enable welding operations to be performed without the physical attendance or technical skills of human operatives, the authors have been previously engaged in the development of an all-position fully automatic GTA welding system providing advanced sensing functions and appropriate welding control functions of a nature and scope able to replace trained welders. Focused on stainless steel pipes, the proposed system offers a range of fully automatic welding and quality assurance functions from initial layer back welding, including tack welding, to final pass welding and appearance inspection of each welding pass. The first report describes the development of a wire height position control technology able to prevent electrode damage and poor weld bead quality due to wire deposition and wire contact. This report initially outlines the functions of the proposed fully automatic GTA welding system, then describes the laser slit sensor, the technology for measurement of the dimensions of the groove fitted with blocks (joint assembly attachments), the torch position tracking control technology in each welding pass and the technology for adaptive control of welding conditions. The results achieved by the system in multi-layer welding of pipes are finally evaluated.


To study the vegetative parameters revealed that among different plant growth promoters,Significant variations were observed among different plant growth regulators
in combination with AMF with respect to floral parameters except spike girth.


Esteemed delegates of the Congress! Proposals regarding the need to discuss at the Congress of judges the question "On Conceptual Principles of Continuation of Judicial Reform in Ukraine," were introduced in the first part of the Congress in June of this year. Five months have passed since then, but, in this short time period, events have occurred that, to some extent, have made this question less acute. You remember that the fact that professional judges were not invited in the process of drafting bills on judicial reform caused deep concern among the judicial corps. This concern was not caused by some ambitious or corporate interests of judges. Judges of Ukraine are convinced that the fact that judges were not invited by the National Commission for Strengthening Democracy and Establishment of Rule of Law [National Commission] to take part in the preparation of the bills resulted from a failure to take into account the realities of today's state of the justice system. Judges announced that the implementation of certain projects of the National Commission would not swiftly overcome the patterns of crisis and negative trends in the judiciary and qualitatively improve the judicial system and administration of justice because these projects have


in this paper a new segmentation algorithm based on the k nnearest neighbours statistical decision rule is presented. This algorithm was designed for use in systems of quantity image analysis, especially in industrial measurement systems. This algorithm was implemented in a system measuring surface tension and wetting angle parameters, knowledge of which is extremely important for the assessment of quality of solders, for example.


Since the enactment of the Telecommunications Act of 1996, the Federal Communications Commission has been involved in some of the most challenging and compelling legal disputes involving a federal agency. Recent efforts by the Commission to rework its rules for promoting competition in local telephone markets and to modify its media ownership rules have resulted in extremely controversial and closely watched cases. A strong argument can be made that the most significant case involving the Commission in recent history is FCC v. NextWave Personal Communications Inc. The Supreme Court held in NextWave that § 525(a) of the Bankruptcy Code prevented the FCC from revoking wireless communications licenses held by NextWave after the company had bid successfully for the licenses at an agency auction and agreed to make "full and timely payment of all monies due" to the agency, but then defaulted on its obligation to pay. This Article discusses the extensive litigation over the licenses issued to NextWave as the high bidder at spectrum auctions conducted in 1996, in which the Supreme Court ultimately held that the FCC -- despite its special governmental role of allocating spectrum licenses -- should be treated in the same way as any other creditor in bankruptcy, given the way it structured its dealings with NextWave.


Abstract The connection structural defects and ferroelectric phase transition diffuseness in ceramics based on PZT is studied. The effect of different degrees on inhomogeneity in component distribution of solid solution on structure parameters and electrophysical properties is discussed.


TO facilitate airscrew performance calculations an entirely new series of charts have been developed embodying wider use than hitherto of the term solidity ratio. These charts are applicable to airscrews with any number of blades. Whilst the number of blades is incorporated in the solidity ratio no further inclusion has been made of their tip speed effect on the interference velocity through the actuator disc. This effect has been investigated by Lock in conjunction with tip speed losses, but it was felt that its inclusion did not justify the added complication to the charts. In fact it makes their simple presentation impossible. The effect, however, can be incorporated with a correction factor to the power input to the airscrew. This factor is not dealt with in detail in this article and would form the subject‐matter of a separate work.


A series of new polycyclic compounds bearing the 5,11-dihydroindolo[3,2-b]carbazole ring system, as the common motif of their nine-ring scaffolds, has been successfully prepared with the usage of an efficient two-step strategy, based on the double Friedel–Crafts acylation of 5,11-dihexyl-6,12-di(hetero)aryl-substituted 5,11-dihydroindolo[3,2-b]carbazoles with 2-iodobenzoyl chloride in the presence of SnCl4, followed by regioselective palladium-catalyzed cyclization of the obtained 2,8-bis(2-iodobenzoyl) derivatives into the desired fused 9H-fluoren-9-ones. Some modifications of these nine-ring structures have been performed to afford compounds of the same family bearing the 9H-fluorene fragments. Basic photophysical and electrochemical properties as well as thermal stability of the new fused indolo[3,2-b]carbazole derivatives have been determined.


Aggregation in poor solvents and complexation with calf thymus DNA and bovine serum albumin turn "on" the fluorescence of tetraphenylethylene derivatives, due to the restriction of intra-molecular rotations of the dyes in the aggregates and complexes.


Questions have been posed about the lack of knowledge of the role public managers play in the policy process. In this study, following on the suggestions of Hicklin and Godwin and Meier in this journal, we identify different dimensions of the analyst–manager divide among professional policy workers. Using the results of several recent large-N surveys of Canadian federal, provincial, and territorial policy workers, we explore the roles each group plays in the policy analytical process and the variations in their behavior in terms of duties and tasks, attitudes, and interrelationships. We also examine these to see the impact of federalism on professional policy practices. The study uncovers three groups of policy workers and policy managers—coordinator-planners, research-analysts, and director-managers. Differences between groups of policy workers are found for their policy-related work and their perceptions of tools of policy effectiveness, and differences between levels of government are identified for issues of time demands and coordination and tools of policy effectiveness. The implications of these findings for the study of public managers in the policy process are considered in conclusion.


 STAGE DOI: 10.3408 / jafst.764 ) Discrimination between allele peaks and stutter peaks is important in STR typing for forensic purposes. In minus stutter, it is known that there are correlations between alleles and stutter ratios, but there are few reports on other types of stutter such as plus stutter. In this study, we examined the relationship of alleles to stutter ratios in Y-STR typing using the Yˆler TM Plus PCR Ampliˆcation Kit. DNA was extracted from blood samples collected from Japanese males and multiplex PCR ampliˆcation was performed with 1 ng DNA template. In minus stutter, high correlation coe‹cients ( r > 0.7 ) between alleles and stutter ratios were observed in 23 of 25 markers. Meanwhile, in other types of stutter, only the forward stutter in DYS392 showed such a high correlation coe‹cient. These results can be used for interpretation


Herbal medicine has been moving from fringe to mainstream use with a substantial number of patients seeking remedies, which free from side effects caused by synthetic chemical medicines. Recently, professional societies try to utilize eco-friendly and bio-friendly plant-based products for the prevention and cure of degenerative disease, such as: hypertension, diabetes and cancer. It has been known that synthetic chemical medicines used in the above generative disease is not free from adverse effects, let alone the usage of those medicines should be long standing. Considering the adverse effects of synthetic chemical medicines, the Western medical societies arenow looking for natural remedies, which are considered to be safe and clinically effective. It has been documented that approximately 80% of the global population has faith in traditional medicine, particularly plant drugs for their primary healthcare. Undoubtedly, the plant kingdom still has a lot of species of plants containing substances of medicinal values that have yet to be discovered. Indonesia is an archipelago, which has millions of biodiversity in the


We thank C. Lee and G. Salam for helpful conversations. This work was supported by the offices of Nuclear and Particle Physics of the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) under Grants No. DE-FG02-94ER-40818 and No. DE-FG02-05ER-41360, and the European Community's Marie-Curie Research Networks under Contract No. PITN-GA-2010-264564 (LHCphenOnet). V. M. is supported by a Marie Curie Fellowship under Contract No. PIOF-GA-2009-251174. J. T. is supported by the DOE under the Early Career research program DE-FG02-11ER-41741. V. M., I. S., and J. T. are also supported in part by MISTI global seed funds. V. M. and I. S. thank the CERN theory group for hospitality while this work was being completed. J. T. acknowledges the hospitality of the Aspen Center for Physics, which is supported by the National Science Foundation Grant No. PHY-1066293, as well as the hospitality of the White House.


In April 1957, during one of the many class conferences in which he participated while writer-in-residence at the University of Virginia, William Faulkner was asked about the Oedipal dimension of Light in August. The student wished to know if, "in working out the situation of Joe Christmas," Faulkner "deliberately [had] in mind a correspondence between his situation and Oedipus ... as [had] recently been brought out in an essay published in the Virginia Quarterly magazine?" Faulkner's reply was, typically, direct and evasive: "No, not deliberately and not consciously," he answered. "That's another matter of the writer reaching back into the lumber room of his memory for whatever he needs to create the character or the situation, and the similarity is there but it was not by deliberate intent. It was by coincidence--not accident but by coincidence." (1) The difference between "coincidence" and "accident" is subtle and one that myth critics today rarely feel compelled to resolve. In the last twenty years or so, these critics have stopped asking how a particular myth finds its way into a literary work without the author's immediate awareness (leaving to the psychologists theories about the collective unconscious, historical diffusion, or the essential similarity of the human mind everywhere (2)) and have turned to the more pertinent subject of whether the mythic parallel proves coherent, illuminating, and functional. Thus, although Faulkner's reference to "the lumber room" of his memory suggests that he recognized that the Oedipus myth had a special relevance to his vision in Light in August, (3) demonstrating authorial intention remains secondary to the more significant endeavor of revealing that relevance. The primary purpose of this essay is to show that the Oedipus myth provides a basic substructure for his novel and, consequently, enables us to answer many of the questions associated with it, in particular: how are we to view Joe Christmas, how is the novel unified, and what is the meaning of Christmas' death? That Light in August repeats some of the details of Oedipus' history has, of course, been noted before. (4) John Lewis Longley furnishes the most comprehensive discussion of the parallels in his "Joe Christmas: The Hero in the Modern World," the article referred to by Faulkner interviewer. In establishing the basic Oedipus-Christmas relationship, Longley points out the following. Each man is ominously whisked away as an infant and raised by foster-parents, only to return later to the place where, unknown to him, he was born. Each is directly responsible for his father's death, and each brings "terrible shame, agony, and death" to his real mother (Christmas, in both cases, simply by being born). Christmas is also responsible for the death of an older woman with whom he lives connubially. Like Oedipus, Christmas insists on defining himself and disregards alternative lines of conduct that might be safer but would sidetrack this drive. An old visionary plays a central part in each man's life, convincing the respective communities that the hero is a ritual pollution. Finally, each man meets a horrible ritual end-Oedipus in self-blinding and exile, Christmas in lynching and castration. Longley concludes that, like Oedipus, Christmas has been "saddled with a terrible, inevitable curse. He did not ask for it and does nothing to deserve it; it was all 'decided' before he was born." (5) Although we might question various points of Longley's account of both Oedipus' and Christmas' stories--especially the idea that neither man does anything to deserve his fate (6)--it delineates the basic parallels between their lives. But Longley indicates only the obvious correspondences and is more interested in using Oedipus as a yardstick for measuring Christmas' tragic heroism than in analyzing how the Oedipus myth directs the action in Light in August. Certainly a great deal remains to be said about the myth's presence in Faulkner's novel. …


We measure the clustering of extremely red objects (EROs) in ≈8 deg2 of the NOAO Deep Wide Field Survey Boötes field in order to establish robust links between ERO (z ≈ 1.2) and local galaxy (z < 0.1) populations. Three different color selection criteria from the literature are analyzed to assess the consequences of using different criteria for selecting EROs. Specifically, our samples are (R − Ks) > 5.0 (28, 724 galaxies), (I − Ks) > 4.0 (22, 451 galaxies), and (I − [3.6]) > 5.0 (64, 370 galaxies). Magnitude-limited samples show the correlation length (r0) to increase for more luminous EROs, implying a correlation with stellar mass. We can separate star-forming and passive ERO populations using the (Ks − [24]) and ([3.6] − [24]) colors to Ks = 18.4 and [3.6] = 17.5, respectively. Star-forming and passive EROs in magnitude-limited samples have different clustering properties and host dark halo masses and cannot be simply understood as a single population. Based on the clustering, we find that bright passive EROs are the likely progenitors of ≳ 4L* elliptical galaxies. Bright EROs with ongoing star formation were found to occupy denser environments than star-forming galaxies in the local universe, making these the likely progenitors of ≳ L* local ellipticals. This suggests that the progenitors of massive ≳ 4L* local ellipticals had stopped forming stars by z ≳ 1.2, but that the progenitors of less massive ellipticals (down to L*) can still show significant star formation at this epoch.


Infectious endocarditis is associated with substantial in-patient mortality of 15-20%. Effective management requires coordination between multiple medical and surgical subspecialties which can often lead to disjointed care. Previous European studies have identified multidisciplinary endocarditis teams as a tool for reducing endocarditis mortality.

 The University of Michigan Multidisciplinary Endocarditis Team was formed on May 3rd, 2018. The group developed an evidence-based algorithm for management of endocarditis that was used to provide recommendations for hospitalized patients over a 1-year period. Mortality outcomes were then retroactively assessed and compared to a historical control that was identified using an internal research tool.
 Figure 1

 Table 1

 Between June 14th, 2018 and June 13th, 2019 the team provided guideline-based recommendations on 56 patients with Duke Criteria definite endocarditis and at least 1 American Heart Association indication for surgery. The historical control included 68 patients with definite endocarditis and surgical indications admitted between July 1st, 2014 to June 30th, 2015. In-hospital mortality decreased significantly from 29.4% in 2014-2015 to 7.1% in 2018-2019 (p< 0.0001). There was a non-significant increase in the rate of surgical intervention after implementation of the team (41.2% vs 55.4%; p=0.12).
 Table 2

 Table 3

 Table 4

 Implementation of a multidisciplinary endocarditis team was associated with a significant 1-year decrease in all-cause in-hospital mortality for patients with definite endocarditis and surgical indications. In conjunction with previous studies demonstrating their effectiveness, this data supports that widespread adoption of endocarditis teams in North America has the potential to improve outcomes for this patient population.
 Table 5

 All Authors: No reported disclosures