Strong member privacy in technology enterprises involves, among other objectives, deleting or anonymizing various kinds of data that a company controls. Those requirements are complicated in a heterogeneous data ecosystem where data is stored in multiple stores with different semantics: different indexing or update capabilities require processes specific to a store or even schema. In this demo we showcase a method to enforce record controls of arbitrary data stores via a three step process: generate an offline snapshot, run a policy mechanism to select rows to delete/update, and apply the changes to the original store. The first and third steps work on any store by leveraging Apache Gobblin, an open source data integration framework. The policy computation step runs as a batch Gobblin job where each table can be customized via a dataset metadata tracking system and SQL expressions providing table-specific business logic. This setup allows enforcement of highly-customizable privacy requirements in a variety of systems from hosted databases to third party data storage systems.


In this article, the author explores philosophically the possibility of a connection between music teacher socialization and the work of Joseph Campbell in comparative mythology. Campbell's "hero's journey" provides a way of viewing the life of the apprentice music teacher. The process of ritual, following the general theme of separation–initiation–return, where the protagonist leaves the ordinary world to enter the special world where adventure happens, followed by a return to the ordinary world in an altered—changed—state, is proposed to be akin to the struggles of the apprentice teacher. Christopher Vogler's 12 subcategories of the hero's journey are used to frame the journey of the apprentice teacher.


Japanese adverbs are difficult to classify, with little progress made since the 1930s. Now in the age of large language models, linguists need a framework for lexical grouping that incorporates quantitative, evidence-based relationships rather than purely theoretical categorization. We herein address this need for the case of Japanese adverbs by developing a semantic positioning approach that incorporates large language model embeddings with fuzzy set theory to achieve empirical Japanese adverb groupings. To perform semantic positioning, we (i) obtained multi-dimensional embeddings for a list of Japanese adverbs using a BERT or RoBERTa model pre-trained on Japanese text, (ii) reduced the dimensionality of each embedding by principle component analysis (PCA), (iii) mapped the relative position of each adverb in a 3D plot using K-means clustering with an initial cluster count of n=3, (iv) performed silhouette analysis to determine the optimal cluster count, (v) performed PCA and K-means clustering on the adverb embeddings again to generate 2D semantic position plots, then finally (vi) generated a centroid distance matrix. Fuzzy set theory informs our workflow at the embedding step, where the meanings of words are treated as quantifiable vague data. Our results suggest that Japanese adverbs optimally cluster into n=4 rather than n=3 groups following silhouette analysis. We also observe a lack of consistency between adverb semantic positions and conventional classification. Ultimately, 3D/2D semantic position plots and centroid distance matrices were simple to generate and did not require special hardware. Our novel approach offers advantages over conventional adverb classification, including an intuitive visualization of semantic relationships in the form of semantic position plots, as well as a quantitative clustering "fingerprint" for Japanese adverbs that express vague language data as a centroid distance matrix.


For example of our school day actualize table,the article expatiates how to process the abnormity table data in virtue of a virtual table in the course of the MIS exploitation using PB.


Abstract : The purpose of this test report is to document results of the Effective Simulation, Range and Alignment Tolerance Demonstration. This report of test results is based on the MAGLAD Effective Simulation, Range and Alignment Tolerance Demonstration Test Plan.


OBJECTIVE
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are a family of zinc-dependent metalloendopeptidases which participate in the degradation of collagen and other extracellular matrix macromolecules. Expression of gelatonic MMPs, such as MMP-2 has been linked to enhanced tumor invasion and metastases in in vitro and in vivo model systems. It was the aim of this study to determine whether the expression of MMP-1, MMP-2, and TIMP-2 correlates with survival in patients with surgically treated cervical cancer stage IB.

METHODS
A sample of 154 paraffin-embedded tumor specimens of surgical treated FIGO stage IB cervical cancer was immunohistochemically investigated.

RESULTS
MMP-1, MMP-2, and TIMP-2 were detected by immunohistochemistry in 74% (113/154), 32% (49/154), and 80% (107/154) of the tumor samples, respectively. Correlation coefficients for MMP-1/MMP-2, MMP-1/TIMP-2, MMP-2/TIMP-2 were 0.14 (p = 0.12), 0.37 (p = 0.0001), and 0.17 (p: 0.005), respectively. A significant correlation was found between MMP-1 and lymph node status (P < 0.01) and lymphvascular space invasion (P < 0.05). The expression of MMP-1 (log-rank test, p = 0.6), MMP-2 (log-rank test, p = 0.8), and TIMP-2 (log-rank test, p = 0.15) were not correlated with overall survival.

CONCLUSION
MMP-1, detected by immunohistochemistry, seems to play a role in the development of lymphvascular space invasion and lymph node metastases, but is not helpful in predicting the prognosis of cervical cancer patients.


Hybrid fiber-coax CATV-networks could be excellent candidates to fulfill the growing demand towards interactive multi-media services. However, due to their tree and branch structure they are very prone to noise funneling. We present measurement and characterization for both ingress and impulse noise that is independent of the modulation and access technique used.


The hydrolysis acidification process is used to treat the municipal sewage containing a large proportion of the industrial wastewater.The engineering practice shows that the removal rates of COD,BOD5,SS,ammonia nitrogen and TP are 57.62%,51.64%,85.9%,32.13% and 62.01% respectively.A good enhanced primary treatment effect is achieved.


We present a meander-line monopole antenna produced by thermal-transfer metallic printing onto a polyester substrate. The antenna is immediately useful because no curing is required. The antenna has a measured fractional bandwidth of 26% centred at 864 MHz and directivity of 4.3. The measured and simulated s11 parameter agree well. We show the radiation pattern measured in a near-field spherical scanning system. This study advances the development of low-cost, environmentally friendly antennas for deployment in the Internet of Things.


Peer-to-Peer (P2P) technology has attracted a lot of attention in recent years. Efficient object search is an important research issue in P2P environments, especially in those without centralized global indexes. Although a number of hash-based basic object search schemes are known to alleviate the problem, they cannot provide flexible feature-based object searches. This paper proposes a novel object search method using distributed frame sliced signatures, and looks at an appropriate choice of parameters to adapt the configuration to the object search and registration workload. It shows object search and registration schemes that take into account the number of messages and response times. Effectiveness of these schemes is evaluated through simulation experiments.


Abstract : America's strategic interests in Asia have remained consistent for over 200 years and have largely preserved the stability and economic success of the region since World War II. The changing character of the region, however, has presented the United States with new challenges that may not be met with the current theater strategy. The Clinton Administration has articulated its goals in the national security strategy, however, that guidance is neither specific not faithfully implemented in the current USCINCPAC policy guidance. The national military strategy continues to articulate a regional bilateral security framework, while at the same time, the nations of the region are moving closer to implementing a multinational cooperative security strategy. The actions of the United States to participate in this forum will dramatically influence the course of events in the theater in the next twenty years.


Prevailing global economic processes since the second half of the 20th century can be understood as a departure from the industrial era of Taylor's management theory, thus paving way for the emergence of intensified roles of knowledge economies. Existing literature in the field of economics and management have witnessed intensified studies in Knowledge-Based Approaches to enterprise management. Although Knowledge-Based Approach is considered a derivative of the Resource-Based View Theory, often associated with large/ or multinational companies, it is being increasingly applied in reference to small and medium scaled enterprises (SME) due to their increasing propensities towards innovation. Small and medium scale enterprises are, undoubtedly, key players in national as well as international markets in our intensively globalized economy. They contribute immensely to national GDPs, generate employment and bring about social developments in their local communities. Data sourced from the Annual Report on European SME 2015/16 indicate that the sector accounts for as much as 99.8% of all enterprises in the non-financial sector of the EU-28 [2015].The SMEs catered for about 67% of employments in the nonfinancial business sector and an overwhelming 92.8% [EC 2016: 6] of these were micro enterprises. The data from the USA is equally imposing as SMEs accounted for 98% of all manufacturers, employing two-thirds of the workforce in 2000 [Hsu, C-C. et al. 2011: 2]. This unquestionable role of SMEs in both national, regional and international economies unequivocally calls for studies intent on the identification and greater understanding of factors that contribute to the increased performances of enterprises. Existing literature in enterprise management, especially in terms of SMEs, abound with various definitions and explanations of what constitutes core competencies in general and if there exist a single across-the-board model of such competencies. There also seem to exist inconclusive reasons for the diversity of opinions regarding competency constituents. One of the objectives of the paper is, therefore, to present a critical literature review of current research findings to ascertain the existence of core competencies, including their constituting elements, that SME owner/ managers should possess and develop as the need arises for efficient enterprise performance. The paper will also identify if there exist differences of competency types regarding job / role responsibilities.


The use of library cells, specially designed for their sensitivity to a laser beam, is a potential solution for both 'observability' and 'controllability' problems encountered by the test engineers. The basic principle relies on the photo-induced current generated in the laser beam-silicon interaction. The 'observation' cells, when probed by the beam, are used to read directly a logic level inside the circuit, whereas the 'control' cells are used to force a particular node of the circuit. A test structure including a 16 bits counter with 16 'observation' cells and 1 'control' cell has been fabricated in BiCMOS technology in order to illustrate this new testing method.


Traffic safety research grantees develop Crash Outcome Data Evaluation Systems (CODES) by linking police records to medical records. The process is complex because most records lack unique identifiers and exhibit high levels of misclassification and nonresponse. Grantees learn to develop Bayesian models which compare quasi-identifiers in order to estimate the probability that a record pair is a true link. To help teach effective modeling techniques, the CODES program uses test databases for which true link status is known. A data generator creates test databases for each grantee by simulating crash and medical events. Quasi-identifiers specific to each grantee are drawn from multinomial distributions. Case duplication, item misclassification, and item nonresponse are simulated as Bernoulli events. The generator captures clustering of data for vehicle occupants that occurs in real life.


AbstractThe purpose of this article is to describe three prose treatises on the equality or superiority of women, written in Italy at the end of the fifteenth century. These works are among the first examples of a type which became very common in the Cinquecento. Numerically, treatises on this subject constitute the biggest of the groups into which sixteenth-century works concerning women can be divided. Although many of them were written by men who are unimportant or even almost unknown, there are several from the pens of important figures in the intellectual and cultural life of Italy, particularly in the period 1530–1550. These include a dialogue by Speroni, an oration by Alessandro Piccolomini to the Accademia degli Intronati of Siena, and a lecture by Vincenzo Maggi, originally delivered in Latin to members of the Estense court, translated into Italian and published in 1545. The subject discussed in these works is treated in a disappointingly abstract fashion. The arguments used are almost all genera...


1 Federal Institute for Vocational Education and Training, (Bundesinstitut für Berufsbildung – BIBB, Head of the "Qualifi cations, Occupational Integration and Employment" Section), Robert-Schumann-Platz 3, D-53175 Bonn, Germany. Corresponding author: e-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com, phone: (+49)2281071132, fax: (+49)2281072955. 2 Institute of Economic Structures Research (Gesellschaft für wirtschaft liche Strukturforschung – GWSmbH, Head of the "Socio-Economic Reporting and Labour Market" Research Unit), Heinrichstr. 30, D-49080 Osnabrück, Germany. Corresponding author: e-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com, phone: (+49)54140933150, fax: (+49)54140933110. 3 Institute for Employment Research (Institut für Arbeitsmarktund Berufsforschung – IAB) of the Federal Employment Agency (Bundesagentur für Arbeit – BA, Research Associate in the Research Department "Forecasts and Structural Analyses"), Regensburger Str. 104, D-90478 Nuremberg, Germany. Corresponding author: e-mail: email@example.com, phone: (+49)9111793072, fax: (+49)9111791456. 4 Federal Institute for Vocational Education and Training (Bundesinstitut für Berufsbildung – BIBB, Section "Qualifi cations, Occupational Integration and Employment"), Robert-Schuman-Platz 3, D-53175 Bonn, Germany. Corresponding author: e-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com, phone: (+49)2281072043, fax: (+49)2281072955. Abstract


PBV is the ratio betwen stock market price and book value per share. PBV showed how far ability of firm create a relative value of the firm toward the capital invested. The higher the ratio of PBV, more successful the firm are creating a value for shareholders. This research have as a purpose to examine influence factors of return on equity (ROE), debt to equity ratio (DER), divident payout ratio (DPR), growth, firmsize, Insider Ownership and dedt to total asset (DTA) to price to book value (PBV). The research was conducted using purposive sampling for sampling is used and there are 74 companies that visited during the study. Analytical techniques used in the study is multiple regression analysis by using SPSS where previously the data was tested using the classical assumptions. The result showed that return on equity (ROE), debt to equity ratio (DER), dividend payout ratio (DPR), growth firmsize, Insider Ownership and dedt to total asset (DTA) jointly affect to price to book value (PBV.) Individually while return on equity (ROE) and dividend payout ratio (DPR) have positive relating and significant with price to book value (PBV), while debt to equity ratio and firmsize have not significant effect to price to book value. Keywords : ROE, DER, DPR, Growth, Firmsize, Insider Ownership, DTA, Price To Book Value (PBV)


Abstract—The biological motivated problem that we want to solve in this paper is to predict the new members of a partially known set of genes involved in specific disease (i.e. disease gene prioritization). In this problem, we are given a core set of genes (i.e. the queries) involved in the specific disease. However, the biologist experts do not know whether this core set is complete or not. Our objective is to find more potential members of this core set by ranking genes in gene-gene interaction network. One of the solutions to this problem is the random walk on graphs method. However, the random walk on graphs method is not the current state of the art network-based method solving bioinformatics problem. In this paper, the novel un-normalized graph (p-) Laplacian based ranking method will be developed based on the un-normalized graph p-Laplacian operator definitions such as the curvature operator of graph (i.e. the un-normalized graph 1-Laplacian operator) and will be used to solve the disease gene prioritization problem. The results from experiments shows that the un-normalized graph p-Laplacian ranking methods are at least as good as the current state of the art network-based ranking method (p=2).


This article deals with a numerical approximation method using an evolutionary partial differential equation (PDE) by discrete variational splines in a finite element space. To formulate the problem, we need an evolutionary PDE equation with respect to the time and the position, certain boundary conditions and a set of approximating points. We show the existence and uniqueness of the solution and we study a computational method to compute such a solution. Moreover, we established a convergence result with respect to the time and the position. We provided several numerical and graphic examples of approximation in order to show the validity and effectiveness of the presented method.© 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Numer Methods Partial Differential Eq 34: 5–18, 2018


Two defamation lawsuits have been launched on June 9 by Gjin Gjoni, a member of the High Council of Justice in Albania. They target the daily ...


In article the list of the circumstances which are subject to establishment at investigation of criminal cases on affairs on an inappropriate expenditure of budgetary funds is considered. The special attention is paid to adverbial modifiers of time, places, to a way of the commission of crime which establishment influences correctness of qualification of an inappropriate expenditure of budgetary funds.


A description is given of Clouds, an operating system designed to run on a set of general-purpose computers that are connected via a medium-to-high-speed local area network. The structure of Clouds promotes transparency, support for advanced programming paradigms, and integration of resource management, as well as a fair degree of autonomy at each site. The system structuring paradigm chosen for Clouds is an object/thread model. All instances of services, programs, and data in Clouds are encapsulated in objects. The concept of persistent objects does away with the need for file systems, replacing it with a more powerful concept, namely, the object system. The facilities in Clouds include integration of resources by location transparency; support for various types of atomic operations, including conventional transactions; advanced support for achieving fault tolerance; and provisions for dynamic reconfiguration.<<ETX>>


PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the impact of the global coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic on stock market liquidity, while taking into account the depth and tightness dimensions.Design/methodology/approachThe author used a panel data regression on stock market dataset, representing 314 listed firms operating in six Middle East and North African (MENA) countries from February to May 2020.FindingsThe regression results on the overall sample indicate that the liquidity related to the depth measure was positively correlated with the growth in the confirmed number of cases and deaths and stringency index. Moreover, the market depth was positively related to the confirmed cases of COVID-19. The results also indicate that the liquidity of small cap and big cap firms was significantly impacted by the confirmed number of cases, while the stringency index is only significant for the liquidity depth measure. Moreover, the results regarding sectors and country level analysis confirmed that COVID-19 had a significant and negative impact of stock market liquidity.Research limitations/implicationsThis paper confirms that the global coronavirus pandemic has decreased the stock market liquidity in terms of both the depth and the tightness dimensions.Originality/valueWhile most empirical papers focused on the impact of the COVID-19 global pandemic on stock market returns, this paper investigated liquidity chock at firm level in the MENA region using both tightness and depth dimensions.


Quadriceps ruptures are more common in older age groups or young active athletes. Bilateral quadriceps ruptures have been reported in patients with predisposing factors such as steroid abuse, chronic renal failure, Diabetes etc. We report about a middle aged patient who had chronic patellar maltracking, and presented with ruptured quadriceps after trivial trauma. He did not have any other predisposing factors, and the maltracking has perhaps led to lateral facet arthritis of patella and degeneration of quadriceps tendon. Immediate repair using bone anchors gives predictably good results and results in good function.


This In teaching and learning process in the class there are lot of students who find
some difficulties in learning English. One of difficulties which faced by the students
of SMPN 4 Natar is lack speaking ability. It can be seen from the students "speaking
score in preliminary research. There were 74.9 % of the students who got the score
under 71 as the criteria of minimum mastery. To solve the problem, the writer applied
Chain Drill technique. Chain Drill Technique is technique for teaching speaking in
which the students ask and answer questions and repeat part of the previous students"
answer to the information concerning the proposed situation. The objective to know
whether there is a significant influence of using Chain Drill technique towards
students" speaking ability at the first semester of the eighth grade of SMPN 4 Natar in
the academic year of 2017/2018.
The research methodology was quasi experimental. The population in this research
was the eighth grade of SMPN 4 Natar. The writer applied cluster random sampling
to determine the sample. The sample of this research was two classes consisting of 34
students for experimental class and 31 for control class. In collecting the data, the
writer used for pre-test and post-test. After being given post-test, the writer analyzed
the data by using SPSS to compute independent sample t-test.
After giving the post-test, the writer analyzed the data by using independent sample ttest.
It was found out the result of Sig. (Pvalue) = 0.000 < α = 0.05. It means that H0 is
rejected and Ha is accepted. Therefore, there is a significant influence of using Chain
Drill technique towards students" speaking ability at the first semester of the eighth
grade of SMPN4 Natar in the academic year of 2017/2018.
Keywords: chain drill technique, quasi experimental, speaking ability


The thesis entitled: "AUDIT MANAGEMENT TO credit union SMALL BUSINESS, CACPE-Yantzaza LTDA, PERIOD 2014", was developed as a mechanism for economic, financial and administrative support for the company concerned, to the effect they raised objectives to evaluate the internal control system, verification of compliance with the laws and regulations, and the development of the five phases of the audit.
To evaluate the system of internal control questionnaires for each area that the entity has designed, this management tool possible to quantify the level of confidence and therefore the risk inherent in the activities carried out by the cooperative.
Based on the results of the evaluation of internal control, it was determined that the institution does not have an internal control manual, fixed assets are not properly coded, poor training and human talent evaluation; the critical areas that remain a high risk, detail examined by applying audit tests, in the case of the cooperative CACPE Yantzaza, much of the focus was inclined to procedures to verify compliance with the laws, as a result the respective narratives ballots were prepared, according to every weakness found; these working papers demonstrate allowed deficient control systems implemented, and in turn issue the necessary recommendations to overcome each flaw administrative, for the entity to know what corrective actions should be carried out.
Finally, we proceeded to prepare and submit the audit report management, with the number of comments, conclusions and recommendations that will help the company to meet its objectives and institutional goals efficiently and effectively; same that was socialized and for consideration by the highest authority of the cooperative.


The present invention discloses a load monitoring method, apparatus and system for the bridge, to bridge monitoring technology field, the method comprising: S1: acquiring in real time on the bridge end of the bridge to be monitored vehicle weight and vehicle feature information of the vehicle and the lower end of the bridge characteristic information; S2: matching the feature information of the vehicle and the lower end of the bridge on the bridge end of the vehicle; S3: obtaining the sum of the car is not a successful match on the bridge end of the weight of the vehicle, the vehicle weight as the sum of the load bridge. The present invention, by obtaining a weight on the bridge end of the vehicle the vehicle and the feature information and the lower end of the bridge of the vehicle feature information, the lower end of the bridge of the vehicle matched with the upper end of the bridge of the vehicle, the sum of the cars will not successfully matched on the bridge end of the weight of the vehicle as high bridge bridge load to be monitored, the monitoring convenient way to achieve load of the bridge, achieved only a few relatively simple apparatus is provided, simple, low cost, and collected using a near field characteristics, so that matching precision, whereby to ensure the accuracy of monitoring the load of the bridge.


Emotions play an extremely important role in human mental life. It is a medium of expression of one's perspective or one's mental state to others. Speech Emotion Recognition (SER) can be defined as extraction of the emotional state of the speaker from his or her speech signal. There are few universal emotions including Neutral, Anger, Happiness, and Sadness in which any intelligent system with finite computational resources can be trained to identify or synthesize as required. In this work spectral and prosodic features are used for speech emotion recognition because both of these features contain the emotional information. Mel-Frequency Cepstral Coefficients (MFCC) is one of the spectral features. Fundamental frequency, loudness, pitch and speech intensity and glottal parameters are the prosodic features which are used to model different emotions. The potential features are extracted from each utterance for the computational mapping between emotions and speech patterns. Pitch can be detected from the selected features, using which gender can be classified. The audio signal is filtered using a method known as feature extraction technique. In this article, the feature extraction technique for speech recognition and voice classification is analyzed and also centered to comparative analysis of different types of Mel frequency cepstral coefficients (MFCC) feature extraction method. The MFCC technique is used for deduction of noise in voice signals and also used for voice classification and speaker identification. The statistical results of the different MFCC techniques are discussed and finally concluded that the delta-delta MFCC feature extraction technique is better than the other feature extraction techniques..


Learning literacy with the quizizz application is considered fun and engaging for students at Islamic elementary school Miftahul Ulum Pandanarum, where the application can motivate students, and align with the opinion of the grade V teacher that the literacy learning implemented feels interesting and not boring. Therefore, one of the task of teachers is to improve student's literacy skills, which can be done by using the quizizz application. This application enables the enhancement of student's literacy skills.
The main objective of this research is to investigate the impact of literacy learning with the quizizz application on student's literacy skills. Non equivalent control group design with a quantitative approach is used in this study, involving a population of 25 participants. The data sampling technique used in this research is a written test (questionnaire). Based on the data analysis conducted, the average score before implementing the literacy learning treatment with quizizz application was 42,52. Meanwhile, after the literacy learning treatment using quizizz application, the score obtained was 76,20. Therefore, it can be concluded that literacy learning with quizizz application has an effect on student's literacy ability.


Binding isotherms of surfactants onto a polymer gel, poly(N-isopropyl acrylamide) (NIPA), have been measured to understand the interaction between them and found to change reversibly and discontinuously at the phase-transition point of the gel. This result indicates that the affinity of the surfactants to the gel is cooperatively altered by a conformational change of the polymer chains. The discontinuous change of the surfactant binding mentioned above can be regarded as an artificial mimic of the protein functions such as enzymatic reactions and oxygen uptake of hemoglobin by the polymer gel. In the discontinuous binding isotherms, a hysteresis with respect to the surfactant concentration is first observed. It is interestingly found that the increment of the phase-transition temperature of the NIPA gel on addition of a surfactant is linearly related to the jump in the amount of the surfactant binding at the phase-transition point.


In the Camau Peninsula, groundwater is an important freshwater source, which has been being exploited and used widely, playing a very important role in the progress of socio-economic development in the localities in the Peninsula. However, due to the local natural characteristics, the law of distribution of good quality water is complicated by the presence of saltwater layers in the aquifers, causing many difficulties in the exploitation and usage of the fresh groundwater. The paper uses data collected from the studies of specialized agencies and localities that have been implemented so far. The study results show that potential groundwater exploitation reserve is 11,340,100m3/day and secure exploitable groundwater reserve is 741,500m3/day for the entire Camau Peninsula.


Optimal charge scheduling of electric vehicles in solar-powered charging stations based on day-ahead forecasting of solar power generation is proposed in this paper. The proposed algorithm's major objective is to schedule EV charging based on the availability of solar PV power to minimize the total charging costs. The efficacy of the proposed algorithm is validated for a small-scale system with a capacity of 3.45 kW and a single charging point, and the annual cost analysis is carried out by modelling a 65 kWp solar-powered EV charging station The reliability and cost saving of the proposed optimal scheduling algorithm along with the integration and the solar PV system is validated for a charging station with a 65 kW solar PV system having charging points with different charging powers. A comprehensive comparison of uncontrolled charging, optimal charging without solar PV system, and optimal charging with solar PV system for different vehicles and different time slots are presented and discussed. From the results, it can be realized that the proposed charging algorithm reduces the overall charging cost from 10–20% without a PV system, and while integrating a solar PV system with the proposed charging method, a cost saving of 50–100% can be achieved. Based on the selected location, system size, and charging points, it is realized that the annual charging cost under an uncontrolled approach is AUS $28,131. On the other hand, vehicle charging becomes completely sustainable with net-zero energy consumption from the grid and net annual revenue of AUS $28,134.445 can be generated by the operator. New South Wales (NSW), Australia is selected as the location for the study. For the analysis Time-Of-Use pricing (ToUP) scheme and solar feed-in tariff of New South Wales (NSW), Australia is adopted, and the daily power generation of the PV system is computed using the real-time data on an hourly basis for the selected location. The power forecasting is carried out using an ANN-based forecast model and is developed using MATLAB and trained using the Levenberg–Marquardt algorithm. Overall, a prediction accuracy of 99.61% was achieved using the selected algorithm.


A two-dimensional linear time invariant arises in image processing and geophysics for processing seismic, gravity as well as magnetic data. Two dimensional recursive filters in the frequency domain poses a great challenge in its stability which affects the output that need to be very accurate. Many algebraic schemes are on hand to test the stability of two-dimensional systems. A typical algebraic test is applied to test the stability of two-dimensional linear time invariant discrete system represented in the form of its characteristics equation. This characteristics equation is converted into an equivalent one-dimensional equation and the test is applied and is being illustrated as examples to prove the simplicity and application.


In recent years, GaSb-on-Si direct heteroepitaxy has been highly desirable to extend the operating wavelength range into mid-infrared and high-mobility applications, such as free-space communications, gas sensing, and hyperspectral imaging. High-quality GaSb films on Si remain challenging due to the high density of defects generated during the growth. For this purpose, epitaxial GaSb films were grown by molecular beam epitaxy on on-axis Si(001). Due to the large lattice mismatch (12.2%) between GaSb and Si, here, we proposed a radical design and growth strategy with the primary objective of achieving the annihilation of antiphase boundaries (APBs) and the reduction of threading dislocation density (TDD). Benefitting from a V-grooved Si hollow structure, we demonstrated the growth of emerging-APB-free GaSb film on Si(001) with low mosaicity. Moreover, by introducing InGaSb/GaSb dislocation filtering layers, the atomically flat surface root mean square roughness is improved to 0.34 (on Si) and 0.14 nm (on GaAs/Si). Moreover, the corresponding TDD can be reduced to 3.5 × 107 and 2 × 107 cm−2, respectively, one order of magnitude lower than the minimum value found in the literature. These reported results are a powerful lever to improve the overall quality of epitaxial Si-based antimonide, which is of high interest for various devices and critical applications, such as laser diodes, photo-detectors, and solar cells.


One goal of the Bundesregierung, the German Federal Government, is to double the freight traffic work on rail up to 2015. According to the European Commission this number should be even tripled up to 2020. By using today's bogies these aims are not realistic because of their poor performance in terms of noise emission and efficiency. The research project light and noise-reduced freight bogie (LEILA-OG) aims at solving this problem and at regaining sustainability of freight transport on rail in Europe. The main goals are noise reduction about 18 dB to 78 dB(A), measured in 7.5 m distance from track and a weight of less than 4 t. In the following report the idea of the rubber springed LEILA-bogie is presented on the basis of the current project's state. Further the different components of the bogie are described. Extensive investigations of the running behavior of different bogie concepts are being evaluated. This results in a definition of the optimal ranges of spring stiffnesses and damping. In addition a rubber spring manufacturer investigates the technical feasibility of the different concepts. Finally the decision is made to realize an inner beared bogie with cross anchor. Thanks to its designated vehicular diagnosis system the LEILA-bogie is independent of stationary devices like hot-box detectors. However, for a successful introduction of the LEILA-bogle the implementation of a sound innovative operational concept parallel to the technical development is of vital importance.


Abstract: There are several fake products in the existing supply chain markets. It is necessary to have a system for end users to check all details about the product they are buying so that the customer can check if the product is genuine. In recent years, faking products play an important role in product manufacturing industries. Faking products affects the company name, sales, and profit of the organizations. Blockchain technology is used for the identification of actual merchandise and the detecting of faux products. Blockchain technology is generally a tally system that stores all the data of the deals that take place in it. The precise aspect approximately this era is that the tally we referred to is a allotted tally in a peer-to- peer community. Blockchain generation is relaxed as the facts saved once within the chain is immutable consequently any block cannot be modified or hacked. with the aid of using Blockchain era, clients or customers do no longer want to rely on users for confirmation of product authenticity and protection. Our device affords the rising generation of web use instances, and brief reaction (QR) codes offer a unique but affectable method to triumph over these faking of products. Counterfeited merchandise may be detected the use of a QR code scanner, wherein the QR code of the product is linked to the Blockchain. So, this system can be used to store product info and generate particular code of that product as blocks inside the database. It collects the precise code from the consumer and compares the code against entities within the Blockchain database. If the code matches, it will give all the information about the product otherwise no data can be outputted to the purchaser which shows that the product is fake or counterfeited.


La 1-x-y Sr x Ag y MnO 3- δ wassynthesizedviamodifiedPechinimethod.Silver(Ag)wasincorporatedintoLa 1-x-y Sr x Ag y MnO 3- δ cathode material for solid oxide fuel cells as a catalyst precursor for oxygen reduction reaction. The La 1-x-y Sr x Ag y MnO 3- δ perovskite single phase formed at 800 ◦ C, and the solubility of Ag in the crystal lattice of the perovskite was up to 5 mol%. The single-phase materials revealed thermal stability in different oxidizing atmospheres up to sintering temperature of the cathode at 1050 ◦ C. The exsolution of the metallic Ag nanoparticles was performed at 350–600 ◦ C in reducing atmosphere. Scanning electron and scanning transmission electron microcopy revealed a good mechanical contact of the Ag nanoparticles to the surface of the perovskite after reducing conditions. The electrochemical tests of the materials showed a good electrocatalytic effect of nanosized Ag toward oxygen reduction reaction. The electrochemical performance of the cathodes revealed the dependence on electrolyte material and exsolution time.©The 2019. by the and level in surface the the observed. LSAM used as a lower than of found and with increasing time. results indicate Ag-nanodecorated and SOFC for


This edition of the Journal starts with two studies looking at one of the most exciting areas of noninvasive esthetic treatments. The first study evaluates extracorporeal shockwave treatment with a focus on both mechanisms of action and physiological aspects for cellulite, body shaping, and localized fat removal. The second manuscript looks at the efficacy of intradermal mesotherapy in cellulite reduction. The next group of studies look at a variety of energy-based devices. The first looks at the construction and temporal behavior study of multi-intense light pulses. This is followed by studies evaluating a combined pulsed dye laser and fiberoptic Nd-YAG laser for the treatment of hypertrophic port wine stains; the efficacy and safety of the fractional radiofrequency technique for the treatment of atrophic acne scar in Asians; successful treatment of lichen amyloidosis accompanied by atopic dermatitis by a fractional CO2 laser; treatment of recalcitrant plantar warts with a long-pulsed Nd:YAG laser versus cantharidin–podophylline resin–salicylic acid; and the efficacy of a fractional carbon dioxide (CO2) laser combined with terbinafine hydrochloride 1% cream for the treatment of onychomycosis. The last three studies look at the influence of a low-level laser on pain and inflammation in type 2 diabetes mellitus; the effects of phototherapy plus physical training on metabolic profile and quality of life in postmenopausal women; and finally, the efficacy of peeling on acne during different periods of the menstrual cycle.


ZnO nanowire was tailored both physically and chemically to immobilize the enzyme glucose oxidase (GOD) for construction of a glucose sensor with high performance, which was ascribed to its high specific surface area and high isoelectric point value for efficient immobilization of high concentration of acidic enzymes and the mediating effect by the redox reaction of ZnO nanowires. The apparent Michaelis constants Jmax, and KM were adjusted in a large scope by tailoring the thickness of the GOD/ZnO nanowire layer and the enzyme load in the nanowired network. Thus, a variety of linear region, sensitivities and reaction rates of the sensor could be easily achieved. Moreover, the glucose sensor showed long term stability with the incorporation of the inorganic zinc oxide nanowire.


The etiology of idiopathic orofacial dystonia is incompletely understood. Neurophysiological studies indicated that a sensory dysfunction could play a key role in the pathophysiology of focal dystonia. To explore if central sensory processing is abnormal in patients with blepharospasm and Meige's syndrome and to study the effects of botulinum toxin (BTX) treatment, we systematically mapped the somatotopic representations of punctate tactile stimuli in these patients before and after therapy.


Purpose: To determine the frequency and significance of corneal complications at presentation of involutional entropion in an Australian population. Patient demographics and duration of symptoms were collated to assess how these factors related to presentations. Methods: Case records were retrospectively interrogated at an Oculoplastic Ophthalmology practice over a 15-year period to identify patients with lower eyelid involutional entropion. All patients had ophthalmic examination by an ophthalmologist. Patients meeting inclusion criteria had data collected including detailed assessment of corneal examination findings. Results: The final cohort included 203 patients of which 50.7% were male. The mean age was 75.1 years. Cornea findings at presentation included superficial punctate keratopathy (69%), no change (25.6%), corneal ulcer (4%), and other (1%). One percent of patients had vision loss attributable to complications of entropion. Range of duration of symptoms was 2 weeks to 6 years with a mean of 11.5 months. Conclusions: At presentation, involutional entropion has mild corneal findings with 95.1% of patients demonstrating superficial punctate keratopathy or normal corneal epithelium. Vision loss is a rare complication and was observed in 1% of patients in this study, all with preexisting corneal pathology. At presentation, involution entropion results in only mild corneal changes in 95% of patients and consequent vision loss was rare, observed in 1% of patients.


In this paper a model of oligopolistic competition is presented. Firms use a mark-up in order to price but the model does not rely necessarily on the assumption of constant returns to scale. An existence theorem is proved for such an economy.


Objectives:To investigate the state of depression and anxiety of maxillofacial tumor patients after operation,and discuss psychological intervention for them.Methods:37 maxillofacial tumor patients received evaluation of tumor diagnostic criteria were chosen.The mental status of patients by Hamilton Depression Scale(HAMD)and Hamilton AnxietyScale(HAMA)was evaluated pre-operation 3 days.The state of depression and anxiety was evaluated again and initiated supportive mental intervention was camied out post-operation 7 days.And the state of depression and anxiety was evaluated 6 weeks post-operation.Results:The state of depression and anxiety of 37 maxillofacial tumor patients were serious pre-operation 3 days,however,the score of HAMD,HAMA had significant decrease through psychotherapy after 6weeks(P0.05).Conclusion:Maxillofacial tumor patients still have serious depression and anxiety post-operation,we shoudn't ignore the the state of depression and anxiety of patients.


Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to study the process, network, skills and practices of service parts logistics organizations in the Asia Pacific region. Specifically, it attempts to propose a new framework for service parts logistics management based on interview inputs from several leading automotive and aerospace companies. This paper also seeks to identify the trends and opportunities for service parts logistics in Singapore.Design/methodology/approach – Companies from aerospace and automotive industries involved in service logistics activities were involved in the study. Data were obtained primarily through interviews with key executives of the company.Findings – This paper summarizes some of the industry findings on service parts logistics in the Asia Pacific region. To succeed in the service logistics business, companies should not focus on cost factors alone. Instead, companies should adopt the proposed framework and look into other factors.Research limitations/implications – The research is...


This research aims to describe and know (1) The influence of organizational culture to work satisfaction, (2) influence of organizational culture to the motivation of work, (3) influence of organizational culture to organizational commitment, (4) influence Job satisfaction of organizational commitment, and (4) effect of work motivation to the commitment of the state elementary school teacher in Sumbul Pegagan District Dairi. The type of research used is quantitative research with pathway analysis approach. The sample amount amounted to 187 people with sampling techniques using proportional random sampling. Research instrument in the form of poll, before the hypothesis testing conducted test analysis requirements, namely the test of data normality with Lily flowers, the test of linearity and the sense of regression with the analysis of variances on the level of α significance of 0.05. The results of the study found: (1) The organizational culture directly influence positively to job satisfaction, (2) The organizational culture of direct influence positively towards the motivation of work, (3) The organizational culture of direct influence positively to the commitment Teacher organizations, (4) Positive direct impact work satisfaction towards teacher organization commitments, (5) motivation of working positive direct influence on teacher's organizational commitments. The higher the influence of organizational culture, job satisfaction and the motivation of the teacher's work, the higher the commitment of the organization of elementary school teachers in Sumbul Pegagan District Dairi.


The invention relates to a method for manufacturing a stator (1) for an electrical machine, comprising the following steps in the given order: providing a cylindrical stator (2) having a plurality of stator slots (3), introducing at least one first coil (4) in the stator slots ((3), wherein the first coil (4) at at least one end face of the stator (2) comprises a first coil end (5), and insertion of the first spool head (5) in at least one mold body (8) for electrical insulation of the first spool head 5).


An in vitro method for detecting a systemic scleroderma (SCS) or pulmonary hypertension associated to scleroderma (PAH-SCS) or a idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (HTAPi) in a subject comprising determining the presence and / or quantity of at least one selected antibody group consisting of anti-galectin-1, anti-protein FAM10A4, anti-phosphoprotein 1 antibodies induced stress, and anti-protein precursor of 78 kDa regulated by glucose in a biological sample from a patient being indicative of SCS or a HTAPi, the presence of anti-protein precursor 78 kDa glucose regulated by the antibody; It is indicative of PAH-SCS or a HTAPi, the presence of anti-protein antibody FAM10A4; It is indicative of SCS, the presence of anti-galectin-1 antibody; or being indicative of a SCS, a HTAP-SCS or a HTAPi, the presence of an amount greater than control value of an anti-phosphoprotein 1 antibody induced stress.


Objective: The purpose of the present study was to examine whether patients with idiopathic unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia (Gilbert's syndrome; GS) have specific changes in signal intensity on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Methods: Axial 5 mm-thick T1-weighted and T2-weighted MRI was acquired from schizophrenia patients with GS (n = 24) and schizophrenia patients without GS (n = 60). All patients were diagnosed according to DSM-IV criteria and were compared with age- and sex-matched healthy controls without GS (n=60) and controls with GS (n=36). Signal intensity in the hippocampus, amygdala, caudate, putamen, globus pallidus, thalamus, anterior cingulate gyrus, posterior cingulate gyrus, insular cortex, and cerebellum was measured in relation to the signal intensities of the vitreous body. Results: Compared to both schizophrenia patients without GS and the control subjects without or with GS, the schizophrenia patients with GS had significantly decreased signal intensity in almost all the regions measured on T1-weighted MRI. On T2-weighted MRI, the schizophrenia patients with GS had significantly increased signal intensity in almost all the regions measured compared to both schizophrenia patients without GS and the control subjects without or with GS. Conclusion: Patients with schizophrenia-associated GS have specific changes in signal intensity on T1- and T2-weighted MRI, suggesting that schizophrenia with GS produces changes specifically in the frontotemporal cortex, limbic system, and basal ganglia.


Prior to independence in India, reservation for backward castes in jobs and education had begun. For this, there have been many movements from time to time for special reservation in various states. In this article, we are presenting a brief description of the history and current status of reservation in India, which will further improve your understanding of reservation The history of reservation in India is very old. Before independence, reservation for backward castes in jobs and education had begun. For this, there have been many movements from time to time for special reservation in various states. Gujjar movement of Rajasthan, Jat movement of Haryana and Patidar (Patel) movement of Gujarat are prominent. In this article, we are presenting a brief description of the history and current status of reservation in India, which will further improve your understanding of reservation.


The paper gives the most complete account of the annihilation channel pp-bar ..-->.. ..gamma gamma.. in the dispersion relations for the ..gamma..p scattering amplitudes. The amplitudes of the processes pp-bar ..-->.. ..pi pi.. and ..pi pi.. ..-->.. ..gamma gamma.. are determined with the help of fixed-t dispersion relations. A new analysis of ..gamma..p scattering for ..nu.. .. ..gamma gamma.. process on the proton polarizability values obtained from the experimental ..gamma..p scattering data as well as from the sum rules is investigated. The predictions of the sum rules agree with experiment.


With the development of science and technology, a network is applied more and more broadly. It has become a necessary part of our work and life. The Books Intelligence also enters into the age of Network Books Intelligence. The paper discusses its present condition and the developing trend of our country according to the informative foundation theories of network.


Background: Circulating linoleic acid 18:2n-6 (LA) has been considered to reflect LA intake, but its utility as a dietary biomarker could be affected by metabolism. Objective: To study the associat...


Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to describe linkages between the techniques of poetical expression and the language used by scholars to communicate management practice.Design/methodology/approach – The approach is to consider the stylistic perspective of the language used for management theorising or research, viewing the documents produced by management researchers as communicating devices and cultural products which contribute to the creation or construction of the reality that they seek to describe and analyse.Findings – The paper uncovers the poetic aspects buried – often deeply – in the language of management studies through which the concepts of, and ideas about, management are expressed.Originality/value – The links between ways of saying usually considered to be in opposition are made known, and enjoyed.


This conceptual paper provides a desk-top study of secondary sources to outline a robust program of research to increase the market penetration of high quality green buildings produced in advanced manufacturing facilities. The environmental benefits of such buildings are investigated, a theoretical approach to understanding the drivers of best practice is outlined and a field work method is proposed to understand the dynamic capabilities that support leading manufacturers. An extended sociotechnical systems view of the firm is developed to guide a program of international case studies. This paper makes a theoretical contribution to the understanding of firm performance in an important empirical setting. Future research by the author will involve execution of the described research program. A limitation of the paper is that the effectiveness of the proposed theory and methods is yet to be tested empirically.


The invention relates to a ventricular catheter (10) for insertion into a ventricle of the brain having a distal end (11) for positioning in the ventricle of the brain and a proximal end (12) having an extracorporeal positionable aperture (13). The invention is characterized by at least two lumen, a drainage lumen (19) having at least a first fluid port (14) for removing cerebrospinal fluid from the brain ventricle, and a return lumen (15) with at least a second fluid opening (16) for recirculating liquor in include the brain ventricles.


May 2015 – Aug 2017 Co-Director Colorado State University Calculus Center. Department of Mathematics, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO Responsibilities: Design and oversee Learning Assistant program Manage and schedule graduate and undergraduate tutors Develop and organize workshops and early feedback events for calculus and precalculus Design and implement GTA training program Oversee and conduct research on CSU Calculus Center activities Manage budget Write annual reports Aug 2013 – current Calculus I Course Coordinator. Department of Mathematics, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO Responsibilities: Write course materials (syllabus, online and written homework, activities, exams, solutions, etc.) Organize exam review sessions Manage and train course instructors Run weekly coordinator meetings Oversee exam grading Handle undergraduate student concerns and alternate testing options Maintain course website 2012–2013 Calculus Facilitator. Department of Mathematics, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO


By analyzing the option characters of the opportunity of investment, we study the feasibility of using the Black-Scholes option model for assessing the value of the opportunity of investment. And through an example, we analyze the value of the opportunity of investment, and show how to assess it by using the Black-Scholes option model.


We present a catalogue of dynamical properties for 2368 late-type galaxies from the MaNGA survey. The latter complements the catalogue of photometric properties for the same sample based on deep optical DESI photometry processed with AutoProf. Rotation curves (RCs), extracted by model fitting Hα velocity maps from the MaNGA Data Analysis Pipeline, extend out to 1.4 (1.9) Re for the primary (secondary) MaNGA samples. The RCs and ancillary MaNGA Pipe3D data products were used to construct various fundamental galaxy scaling relations that are also compared uniformly with similar relations from NIHAO zoom-in simulations. Simulated NIHAO galaxies were found to broadly reproduce the observed MaNGA galaxy population for log (M*/M⊙) > 8.5. Some discrepancies remain, such as those pertaining to central stellar densities and the diversity of RCs due to strong feedback schemes. Also presented are spatially-resolved scatters for the velocity-size-stellar mass (VRM*) structural relations using MaNGA and NIHAO samples. The scatter for these relations in the galaxian interiors is a consequence of the diversity of inner RC shapes, while scatter in the outskirts is dictated by the large range of stellar surface densities which itself is driven by sporadic star formation. The detailed spatially-resolved scatter analysis highlights the complex interplay between local and global astrophysical processes and provides a strong constraint to numerical simulations.


Our interpretations of what it means "to cultivate empathy in our diverse world" have surely shifted since the beginnings of the present pandemic. This brief essay will explore the potential impact of COVID-19 on our guild, particularly as it relates to the growing inequality made stark in recent events. As a comparison, I will present a summative review of shifts in the field of economics in light of the 2008–2009 Great Recession and the 2020 pandemic. This review will propel a selfreflective question: How will the biblical studies scholarly communities respond to the experiences of COVID-19? As an academic society, we may choose to ignore the inequalities magnified by the pandemic and reify the existing norms of our field. Or perhaps these events can catalyze the beginnings of a transformation to more profound societal impact congruent with our official statement. I propose that the tragic pandemic and its racialized responses can compel biblical scholars to renew our commitments to mediate between texts and reading communities, particularly in the face of endemic patterns of inequality. By doing so, we may more effectively abide by our own stated mission to cultivate empathy. COVID-19 has negatively affected people across different economic classes, with the greatest devastation on underprivileged populations. The economic burden of COVID-19 falls more heavily on those with less access to resources, access that is both racialized and gendered. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) declares, "There is increasing evidence that some racial and ethnic


ABSTRACT Friction stir processing (FSP) has evolved as a novel solid-state technique to fabricate AA6082 plates in recent years. FSP technique was applied to analyse Aluminium Matrix Composites (AMC) AA6082 by reinforcing 6%–12% titanium carbide particles in the annealed state. A single-pass FSP was carried out using a tool with 1200 rpm rotational speed, whose travel speed of 60 mm/min and an axial force of 10 kN to produce the composite. The effect of its volume fraction of ingredient particles on the microstructure was studied using a Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The results reveal that titanium carbide particles significantly influenced the grain size of the SEM images of the annealed AA6082 plates. The wear resistance shows improvement with an increase in weight per cent of titanium carbide particulates in the aluminium matrix.


This paper challenges a set of ideas that we live in a new capitalism defined by its fluidity and impermanence. This discourse has been part of the development of neo-liberalism in the last two decades. However, the statistical evidence shows that labour market trends are at odds with the discourses of flexibility, mobility, precariousness and impermanence. This is not an abstract or academic discussion since these broadly held public perceptions play an important role in weakening worker resistance to change. The economic crisis and the new austerity policies provide opportunities for resistance especially in the state sector in a period that will be intensely ideological. In this, the battle for ideas, the representation of labour market change and the transformation of work need to be contested.


Objective To analyze the clinical features of the patients suffered from viral myocarditis(VMC) complicated with anxiety and depression symptoms.Methods By using self-rating anxiety scale(SAS) and self-rating depression scale(SDS),the anxiety and depression symptoms of 49 VMC patients were scored.The clinical symptoms and heart rate variability of the patients were analyzed.Results There were 17 patients complicated with anxiety,the incidence was 34.69%.There were 22 patients complicated with depression,the incidence was 44.90%.The difference in incidence of listlessness,spontaneous sweating,and headache was statistically significant in those who with and without anxiety(P0.05).The difference in incidence of listlessness was statistically significant in those who with and without depression(P0.05).The heart rate variability of patients with anxiety and depression was reduced,compared with patients without those symptoms,including the normal R-R interval SDNN24 and every 5min normal R-R interval SDANN,the difference of which was statistically significant in those who with and without anxiety(P0.05).The average heart rate,minimum heart rate,maximum heart rate of patients with anxiety were faster than those patients without that.The difference in average heart rate and maximum heart rate was statistically significant in those who with and without depression(P0.05).Conclusion VMC patients complicated with anxiety and depression have reduced heart rate variability and autonomic nerve dysfunction.


Analysis on factors of transparency of Lake Taihu based on the routin monitoring data from Lake Taihu ecological station and that of annual experiment has been conducted. The factors can be divided as direct and indirect: direct factors containing suspended solids and DOC, indirect factors containing temperature, pH, N/P, wave and Ca2+, Mg2+ etc; growth of phytoplank-ton has double effects on transparency. Results showed that the relationship of transparency and suspended solid was SD=5.5445 1/SS+0.2557 (R2=0.9004, SD=0.1075, n=136, P0.0001), better than that of proxy or logarithm; there were indirect proportion to transparency and DOC, temperature, wave and pH; and direct proportion to transparency and N/P、Ca2+、Mg2+; Algae decreased transparency by increase algal number and pH of water.


Abstract : In reference 1 of the report, special splittings of the matrix of a sparse linear system were proposed. These splittings can be combined with the conjugate gradients method, which resutls in very efficient iterative solutions methods when the matrix is a symmetric M-matrix. The research reported in this Final Technical Report has been focused on three major subjects: a systematic overview of possible splittings for several types of matrices and eigenvalue information; applications to nonsymmetric linear systems; and solution of generalized eigenvalue problems for sparse linear systems.


Using zinc sulphides prepared by new techniques, together with novel binder systems, improved dc and acel displays can be produced showing better efficiency and resolution. Novel binder systems lead to simple preparative methods. Good maintenance can be obtained when dcel panels are driven at constant power.


The aim of our study was to evaluate the usefulness of the tumor markers CA 72.4, CEA and CA 19.9 in the monitoring of gastrointestinal carcinomas. Our experience demonstrated the usefulness of the determination of CA 72.4 in the follow up of patients with gastrointestinal neoplasms.


There is provided a temperature sensor system (100) comprising a first ceramic housing part (200) with a first, a first opening (211) having a sleeve-shaped lower part (210) the lower end (215) and a second, a second opening (212 ) having the upper end (216) and a connected (to the second upper end 216) upper portion (220). The temperature sensor system (100) further comprises an at least partially in the lower part (210) arranged temperature sensor element (1) having a ceramic sensor element housing (3), a in the sensing element housing (3) arranged sensor element (2) and electrical leads (4). The sensing element housing (3) is at least partially disposed in the first opening (211). Furthermore, the ceramic sensor element housing (3) has a higher thermal conductivity than the first ceramic housing part (200). Furthermore, a method of manufacturing a temperature sensor system (100) is specified.


In spite of enormous theoretical and experimental progresses in quantum uncertainty relations, the experimental investigation of most current, and universal formalism of uncertainty relations, namely majorization uncertainty relations (MURs), has not been implemented yet. A significant problem is that previous studies on the classification of MURs only focus on their mathematical expressions, while the physical difference between various forms remains unknown. First, we use a guessing game formalism to study the MURs, which helps us disclosing their physical nature, and distinguishing the essential differences of physical features between diverse forms of MURs. Second, we tighter the bounds of MURs in terms of flatness processes, or equivalently, in terms of majorization lattice. Third, to benchmark our theoretical results, we experimentally verify MURs in the photonic systems.


This report presents the results of an urban soil geochemical survey of Scunthorpe carried out by the British Geological Survey (BGS) during 1995. The study was undertaken as part of the BGS systematic Geochemical Surveys of Urban Environments (GSUE) project. The concentrations of many potentially harmful elements (PHE) such as As, Cd, Cr, Ni and Pb are enhanced in city environments as a result of urbanisation and industrial processes and their distribution is of concern under current UK environmental legislation.
The GSUE data provide an overview of the urban geochemical signature and because they are collected as part of a national baseline programme, can be readily compared with soils in the rural hinterland to assess the extent of urban contamination. The aim of the present study was to generate urban soil geochemistry information for Scunthorpe to aid planning and development.
Urban surveying was based upon the collection of samples on a systematic 500 m grid. Soils were sampled at a density of 4 per km2 across the built-up area. Samples were collected from open ground as close as possible to the centre of each 500 m grid cell.
Preliminary interpretations of the data in relation to the past and present industrial history of Scunthorpe are presented in this report and demonstrate elevated concentrations of several PHE in association with the transport network and former industrialised areas of the city. However, it should be noted that concentrations of elements such as arsenic are naturally enhanced in Scunthorpe soils as a result of the underlying ironstone bedrock.


The small duty cycle concept can help reduce the RMS current of the synchronous rectifier for less conduction loss in the isolated DC/DC converters. However, the primary side conduction losses will increase with duty cycle decreasing in the conventional PWM DC/DC converter. Therefore, the parallel resonant in the secondary side is proposed to get small duty cycle while keeping high turns ratio for small primary current and losses. A family of quasi-resonant synchronous rectifier DC/DC converters implements the small duty cycle concept. A prototype of 1.8 MHz 48 V-to-1.2 V/25A DC-DC converter achieves 78% efficiency.


Pavlov's classical conditioning experiment is so well known that it is an icon of Western culture. Unfortunately, the cultural stereotype of the conditioning experiment makes it seem so simple and obvious that its enduring relevance to psy· chology is easy to miss. The truth is, classical conditioning is an essential phenomenon that helps humans and other animals adapt to their environments. It also involves a rich and interesting set of psychological processes that include emotion, motivation, and memory. Classical conditioning is useful as a method for studying how these processes work and how they influence behavior. The simplicity of the conditioning experiment is actually deliberate. It is deceptive too. Let us illustrate. In a modern conditioning experiment, a rat is given pairings of a neutral cue (e.g., a tone) with an emotionally significant event, such as a brief foot shock. Typically, the rat learns to associate the tone with the shock in


Sensitive assays are needed for detection of residual HIV in patients with undetectable plasma viral loads to determine if eradication strategies are effective. The gold standard quantitative viral outgrowth assay (QVOA) underestimates the magnitude of the viral reservoir, while sensitive PCR‐based assays lack the ability to distinguish replication competent from defective virus. We sought to determine whether xenograft of leukocytes from HIV‐1 infected patients with undetectable plasma viral loads into severely immunocompromised mice would result in viral amplification and measurable viral loads within the aberrant murine host.


This research aims to describe and analyze the strategy of production, marketing, human resources (labor), and capital. The technique of collecting data used observation, interviews, documentation, questionnaires, and triangulation. The technique of sampling was purposive sampling. Findings show that the strategy of production, marketing strategies by the way of increased order coupled with the trademark shows as well as various flavors of innovation development, adjustment of the selling price with the price of raw materials production, the cooperation of manufacturers and suppliers in the distribution of lanting, promotional activities by means of cooperation with the agency and related service trade off products online. The strategy of human resources is with the formation groups of industry in the village of Lemahduwur (but not running smoothly). Strategy capital with the initial capital comes from its own capital and profit as capital accumulation, additional capital when many party and by feast day; increased access to capital, financial administration and against accounting in a simple and routine. The advice given is the government and manufacturers improve HR, technology development, marketing and capital. Manufacturer improves collaboration with suppliers of raw materials, maintaining the typical features and making a trademark.


What is the relationship between corporate social performance (CSP) and corporate financial performance (CFP)? This study proposes that risk is an intermediary between the two and uses bond market ...


Essential Science Indicators(ESI)is an analytical tool that enables ongoing,quantitative analyses of research performance and the tracking of scientific trends.ESI identifies the top rankings of countries,institutions,scientists and journals in each of 22 disciplines by setting selection criteria(a certain number of citations).This paper expounded the methodology,statistics and value on scientific research of ESI.

Key words:
Science citation index; Essential science indicators; Citation analysis; Applications on scientifiC research


The purpose of this study, based on a survey of 354 Florida companies, was to identify and assess the importance of factors that limit exports, with particular focus on the different types of export financing that were the most difficult to obtain. Statistical analysis was used to determine the significance of responses given by different sized firms. Four of the top five factors that limited the ability to export were related either to the unavailability of export financing or the lack of available information on export opportunities. Foreign buyer credit and various unsecured loans were the most difficult to obtain. Public and private policymakers should reevaluate their export promotion programs and make the changes necessary to eliminate the various obstacles to exporting.


The uncertainty of estimating the railway passenger flow in advance may disrupt the passenger operation and management (e.g., passenger evacuation planning, seat allocation, and train timetable programming). In order to proactively improve the service quality and efficiency of the railway system, the short-term passenger flow prediction technique is vital in the field of operation and management system. Utilizing the deep learning library-Keras, the study develops a long short-term memory neural network (LSTM NN) to predict the short-term high-speed rail (HSR) passenger flow. Processing the raw data, we first construct the passenger flow sequences as the input (output) variables. Then the gird search and cross validation techniques are applied to optimize the LSTM NN parameters. At last we utilize the data provided by Shanghai railway administration of China as the case study. Through a comparison with other representative methods, including Auto-Regressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA), Back Propagation Neural Network (BPNN), and Support Vector Machine Regression (SVR), results suggest that the proposed LSTM NN can generate great potentials for accurate passenger flow predictions.


The invention discloses a locking block machining process. The locking block machining process comprises the steps that firstly, a lathe is used for machining a material; secondly, one end of the long edge of the material is inwards cut to be 14 mm long and 34 mm deep; thirdly, a milling machine is used for machining; fourthly, a tapping machine is used for tapping threads; fifthly, the milling machine is used for milling holes; sixthly, a blind hole with the diameter phi of 11 mm and the depth of 6.4 mm is milled in the reverse direction of two through holes with the diameter phi of 6.6 mm; seventhly, a blind hole with the diameter phi of 6 mm and the depth of 10 mm is milled at the position 10 mm away from the through holes with the diameter phi of 6.6 mm, and the same blind hole is milled at the position 20 mm away from the center of the blind hole with the diameter phi of 6 mm; eighthly, an arc-shaped groove is milled in the material; ninthly, the machined product is subjected to acute angle rounding and surface polishing so that the surface roughness of the machined product can reach Ra 3.2; tenthly, the product is inspected and put in storage. The locking block machining process meets the production requirements, improves the accuracy and strength of produced locking blocks, makes the locking blocks meet the requirements, lowers the defective rate and reduces the production cost.


By electrically segmenting, and series-connecting an InP ridge laser, we have demonstrated 12-stage lasers with 409% differential efficiency and 2.6mA threshold, as well as 3-stage lasers with 51ohm input impedance and 126% differential efficiency.


We present a general model to account for the multimode nature of the quantum electromagnetic field in projective photon-counting measurements. We focus on photon-subtraction experiments, where non-Gaussian states are produced conditionally. These are useful states for continuous-variable quantum-information processing. We present a general method called mode reduction that reduces the multimode model to an effective two-mode problem. We apply this method to a multimode model describing broadband parametric down-conversion, thereby improving the analysis of existing experimental results. The main improvement is that spatial and frequency filters before the photon detector are taken into account explicitly. We find excellent agreement with previously published experimental results, using fewer free parameters than before, and discuss the implications of our analysis for the optimized production of states with negative Wigner functions.


Elastin,as the most important and specific protein of elastin fiber,mainly distributes in those elastic tissues.Elastin protein is one of the key factors that plays an important role in normal lung development and functions.In recent years,more and more attraction has been paid for the effects of elastin and elastin fragments on the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD).This review introduces the relationship between elastin and lung development,also the effect of elastin in COPD is well explained.

Key words:
Elastin; Elastin fragments; Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease


The prediction of crack growth is studied by the manifold method. The manifold method is a new numerical method proposed by Shi. This method provides a unified framework for solving problems dealing with both continuums and jointed materials. It can be considered as a generalized finite-element method and discontinuous deformation analysis. One of the most innovative features of the method is that it employs both a physical mesh and a mathematical mesh to formulate the physical problem. The physical mesh is dictated by the physical boundary of a problem, while the mathematical mesh is dictated by the computational consideration. These two meshes are interrelated through the application of weighting functions. In this study, a local mesh refinement and auto-remeshing schemes are proposed to extend the manifold method. The proposed model is first verified by comparing the numerical results with the benchmark solutions, and the results show satisfactory accuracy. The crack growth problems and the stress distributions are then investigated. The manifold method is proposed as an attractively new numerical technique for fracture mechanics analysis.


Newton's second law is equivalent to the continuity equation for momentum in integral form. This insight provides an alternative picture of forces in terms of momentum currents. In such a picture, the forces exerted on an object via a field are completely described locally in terms of the momentum current density of the field. The momentum current picture leads to a representation of Maxwell's stress tensor which is easy to visualize and to sketch quantitatively. Computer sketches of the momentum current distributions for a few simple examples are presented. In particular, it is shown that two like charges are ''pulled apart'' by their common electric field and that two parallel wires carrying electric currents in the same direction are ''pushed together'' by their common magnetic field.


In terms of outcome prediction in patients with inflammation, albumin and C-reactive protein (CRP) at serum levels have been considered to constitute a practical and reliable scoring system. In the present work, highly sensitive detection of C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) was achieved via a new strategy using a quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) immunosensor. A linear relationship was found between the QCM response and CRP concentration (0.04 30 μg/mL), with a low limit of detection (LOD) maintained via an amplification process.


Aim at the existing difficulty of fire protection separate design in commercial construction,the paper has analyzed the general regulations of fire protection separate design in underground commercial construction and central grand hall.And proposed the viewpoint and methods on the design requests of sinking square,fire separated space,evacuation refuge walkway,central grand hall,and about the application of cesium and kalium fire protection glass and toughened glass protected by water sprinkler as fire barrier.


This study was aimed at improving junior high school students' vocabulary mastery. The subjects of this study were the students grade 7 of junior high school with a total number of 60 students. The method employed in this study was the Research and Development design. The development model used is the ADDIE modification development model. The steps in the ADDIE development consist of five stages; namely analyzing, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. Product trials are carried out in three stages, namely small group trials, operational trials, and large group trials.. The instruments used in development research were observation sheets, interviews, and assessment questionnaires. A t-test was used to analyze the effectiveness of media development. The media then were validated by the media experts, material experts, and teachers. The results shows that the media is feasible with an average score of 4.55. The findings also show that the Interactive Learning Multimedia effectively enhance students' vocabulary mastery for junior high school students and able to be used as a catalyst or alternative media teaching vocabulary.


Fundamental modeling of a flexible aircraft with a flying wing configuration, attached to a system of bungee cords, was developed in previous work of the authors. Herein this work is extended to include the capability of modeling a general configuration that can be represented as a collection of nonlinear beam finite elements. This allows one to model configurations with fuselage(s) and tail(s) in terms of beam finite elements. The finite element formulation is based on the fully intrinsic beam formulation, so that multiple beams are included by enforcing appropriate continuity conditions on velocity and angular velocity at nodes where beams intersecL Geometric constraints imposed by bungee cords attached at different points along a structure modeled with these beam elements make the system statically indeterminate. This brings certain strain-displacement relations and displacement variables into the formulation. Two in-depth parametric studies on how ground-vibration testing parameters affect the modal characteristics of highly flexible aircraft are presented as follows: 1) the effect of different bungee cord locations and 2) the effect of a fuselage structure on the modal characteristics. A comparison of results from the parametric studies provides information on how the shape of a highly flexible wing affects its modal characteristics and which eigenmodes associated with fuselage motion are involved in the low-frequency structural modes. In addition, for conventional configurations with highly flexible wings, the existence of modes identified in ground-vibration testing as predominantly rigid-body motion is discussed. Moreover, when such modes do exist, the extent to which they involve structural deformation and the effect of ground-vibration testing parameters on them is studied.


Abstract The problem of plastic pollution is becoming increasingly important and has attracted great interest in the last few years. Polystyrene is one of the most used plastic types in the food and beverage industry, medical and laboratory devices. Increased plastic production and increased food, water, and air pollution and contact with nanoplastics may cause long-lasting changes and predispose to adverse developmental and degenerative diseases through mechanisms that are not yet understood. The aim of this article is to provide an overview of current knowledge to plastics, especially polystyrene, and their impact on the human health. In particular, we discuss the major sources of plastic waste, polystyrene surface chemistry, as well as mechanisms by which plastics degrade in the environment. We also provide an insight into cellular uptake mechanism and the molecular interaction of polystyrene nanoparticles and human cells. This review offers scientists and clinicians useful information and could be used as a starting point for more in-depth analysis of nanoplastics as a potential environmental health factor.


The present invention provides an array substrate and a display apparatus and manufacturing method, comprising: a pixel electrode, the pixel electrode includes a display region portion and a non-display area portion; a first electrode formed on the non-display area of the pixel electrode; electrode formed in the pixel and a passivation layer on the first electrode, the passivation layer comprising a via hole located over the first electrode; a second electrode and forming an active layer, an active layer on the passivation layers are connected through the vias of the passivation layer The first electrode. The present invention reduces the manufacturing cost, reduces corrosion of the electrode material, to improve the quality of the array substrate.


In June 1991, ELKRAFT, the Danish utility company on Zealand, and the production and transmission company VEAG in Germany signed an agreement to establish a 600 MW HVDC interconnection between the two areas. The interconnection was planned to be in commercial operation by the end of 1995. The strongest motivation for this link, the so-called Kontek HVDC Interconnection, was the possibility to better utilize the highly efficient thermal power generating units on Zealand, combined with the beneficial environmental aspects of the low NOx and SOx emissions of these units. In addition, both areas will gain from greater operational reliability and the increased possibilities for power exchange and trading. SEAS, the transmission and distribution company on southern Zealand and part owner of ELKRAFT, is dealing with the business and project management for ELKRAFT on the Kontek project. ABB Power Systems AB, Sweden, was awarded the contract for the two converter stations on April 1st, 1993. NKT Cables was awarded the contract for the 170 km long cable for the Kontek HVDC Interconnection. The authors describe the project including the economic aspects, environmental aspects, control equipment, control functions, installation and commissioning.


Only relatively recently have human migration and resettlement processes been studied in an effort to understand, in depth, the effects of resettlement on the relocatees and their hosts. This paper focuses on the relations between Navajo relocatees from the Former Joint Use Area, their initial relations with their Navajo reservation hosts, the various disputes that ensued, followed by comments "20 years later" on the long-term impacts of the land dispute and the forced relocation. This paper then examines the Navajo case in the context of forced relocation cases from around the world.


In this paper, we obtain the velocity field in a wedge in a Three Phase Contact Line (TPCL) in an electrolyte drop which is evaporating on a charged solid. Combination of an electrolyte solution and the charged surface leads to the formation of an Electric Double Layer (EDL), which in presence of the evaporation-triggered pressure-driven transport, leads to the generation of a streaming current that causes an electrokinetic transport. Hence, we analyze for the first time an electrokinetic transport in a charged wedge in presence of an evaporation-induced advective flux. Our results exhibit flow patterns that are distinctly different as compared to that of the case where there is no such electrokinetic transport and the problem is merely that of evaporation in a wedge.Copyright © 2013 by ASME


Introduction: Sarcoidosis is an inflammatory multi system granulomatous disease of unknown etiology. Diagnosis of sarcoid is established on the basis of compatible history, clinical & radiological findings, supported by histological evidence of non caseating granuloma. The eye & adnexa are involved in 25-80% of patients with sarcoidosis. Literature review does indicate that conjuntival biopsy carries low morbidity with high positive yield. Material & Method: Proforma designed. All diagnosed sarcoid patients were subjected to detail ophthalmology history & examination. Results: 52 cases were registered during study period. 47 included as 5 had incomplete information as per proforma. Age & Sex;: 24(51%) had eye symptoms 35(74%) consented for eye examination. 13(37%) of them had abnormal finding on ocular examination.
 Discussion: 76.6.% had histological diagnosis. 23 out of 36 had bronchoscopy/EBUS.. Study revealed fairly high prevalence of ocular symptoms amongest sarcoid patients (51%) & 37% of them had abnormal eye examination finding. Non of our patient had conjunctival biopsy. literature review indicate that conjunctival biopsy is positive in up to 66% of cases with conjunctival follicles & up to 31% without it. conjunctival biopsy in presence of pulmonary infiltrate is reported to be positive in 51.6% patients. Considering our study finding we may conclude that requesting conjuntival biopsy will reduced our need of transbronchial /EBUS need. This will be cost effective & more convenient for the patients.


Since the mid-1970's, but mainly in last two decades, gestational surrogacy has attracted attention of couples and individuals, who cannot or do not want to have the children of their own. Although from the medical point of view the procedure is not complicated, there are many ethical and legal reasons, that make the surrogacy practice strictly prohibited in numerous countries. Also, the impact of no legislation is considered, as there still exist countries, where surrogacy law is not regulated. This paper presents underlying motivation and consequences of certain legal solutions to discuss surrogate motherhood practice and surrounding problems and to raise the question of the development model that should be promoted at global level.


long-term care institution. METHODS: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study. Medical prescriptions for elderly people who were hospitalized for at least one month in a long-term care institution were analyzed. A script containing the following variables was used for data collection: age, gender, length of institutionalization, prescribed medications, presence of inappropriate medications for the elderly and practice of polypharmacy. RESULTS: A total of 253 medical prescriptions were analyzed. Among the elderly studied, 149 (59%) were men. Their mean age was 74 ± 9 years. The median length of institutionalization was 62 (1 – 942) months. Among the medical prescriptions analyzed, the mean was 7 ± 3 medications, and 68 (27%) contained at least 1 inappropriate medication for the elderly. Practice of polypharmacy was found in 197 (78%) prescriptions. CONCLUSION: These results show a high prevalence of inappropriate medications and practice of polypharmacy raising the risks for institutionalized elderly.


The objective of the paper is to examine whether the advantages and disadvantages mentioned in the literature of the flat rate income tax could be observed in Hungary. Personal income tax data provided by the Hungarian National Tax and Customs Administration was used to check the arguments. It was found that the flat tax indeed favours richer taxpayers, and because of the family tax credits, it heavily favours families with children. Tax revenues declined as tax rates were cut, while the GDP growth rate was close to stagnant. Both of these developments go against the expectations of the flat tax supporters, although it has to be mentioned that the changes were made in the midst of a European- and world-wide depression, which could have distorted the pure effects of the new tax code. Although in many countries the flat rate tax was a positive signal for investors boosting foreign direct investments, the Hungarian government introduced extra taxes on some of the transnational companies in order to balance the budget (and compensate for the lost personal income tax revenues), which meant that there was a decline in the mood of the investors. There is some indication that some illegal activities are shifted to the legal domain: the ratio of those tax reporters who earned an annual income of HUF 2 million or higher has gone from 62.5% to 66.6% in the period of 2010-12.


Based on construction practice of explosive compaction of deep water rubble-mound foundation for abreakwater, this paper mainly analyses the impact on rubble-mound foundation, neighborhood area and security whenexplosive compact, and studies the measures of how to control the bad impacts and impose the good ones.


Due to the interactive manner of real-time Teleoperation in low earth orbits, autonomic pointing becomes a challenging issue as the rapidly changing platform motion is not predictable for the whole operation period. Hence antenna trajectories cannot be calculated beforehand. To meet the high requirements of future missions like on-orbit servicing and interactive earth observation, technologies for real-time communication between low earth orbit spacecrafts and geostationary data relay satellites are being developed at the Institute of Astronautics. One of these technologies is a compact intersatellite antenna system with high precision, two axis pointing mechanism enabling long access periods via Geostationary Data Relay Satellite (DRS). A detailed dynamic simulation of the coupled dynamics between platform and antenna system was used to analyze and optimize control methods. This paper presents the simulation environment and discusses control methods and simulation results for highly autonomous antenna pointing under the impact of unpredictable platform motion and rapidly changing spacecraft geometries.


The annual data from 2003 to 2013 were chosen to make an empirical test on the industrial upgrading effect of China's outward foreign direct investment( OFDI),and a comparative analysis is made by comparing the effect of China and the eastern,central and western China.Results show that OFDI has certain promotion function on China's industrial upgrading,but the effect is weak compared with other factors; the OFDI of eastern China has significant function on the industrial upgrading of the region,while the functions are insignificant in central and western China,but the function of western China is stronger than central China.


The paper describes in detail the functional structure of a proposed telemedical system within a Health Care Center, intended to enhance efficacy of primary health care, especially in beginning stage of routine cases treatment procedure. The system mainly relays on existing GSM network and Internet implying low investments and minimal additional equipment. In that we see a promising pattern of introducing some (basic) aspects of distant health care. Such a system would provide significant effects including improved performance of health care system, considerable reduction of busy time wastage for employed patients and medicine personnel as well, savings in transport, lower amortization rate of medical equipment and facilities etc. Among side effects stands enhanced telemedicine education of population that would favour subsequent introduction of more complex telemedicel services. Spot introducing strategy is aimed at a global system that would cover the whole city area. FUNKCIONALNA STRUKTU RA MRE@E I OSNOVNE TELEMEDICINSKE USLUGE NA NIVOU DOMU ZDRAVLJA Ranko Babi} , Elektrotehni~ki fakultet Pr i{ t ina


Introduction Across the social sciences there has been a resurgence of interest in visual methods, which has been accompanied by a rise in scholarship on visual culture that has now established itself as an exciting and expanding intellectual field. In criminology while there is a rich tradition of research on 'crime and the media', specific attention to the visual, or indeed on the role and place of the image in crime, in crime control and in criminal justice, has long been lacking. This omission is particularly surprising given just how deep seated the cultural fascination with the iconography of crime and punishment is in the popular imagination. Of course, there have been some significant interventions in recent years, which would include Katherine Biber's (2007) Captive Images, Judith Resnick and Dennis Curtis's (2011) Representing Justice, Jonathan Finn's (2009) Capturing the Criminal Image and Alison Young's (2005) Judging the Image have each made ambitious attempts to understand the power of representation and bring new ways of thinking to bear in the discipline. Today images are everywhere, and they have a profound impact on our sense of ourselves as 'modern' (Jervis, 1998). Indeed, the term "ocularcentralism" was coined to describe a world saturated by visual experiences and the privileging of vision in Western philosophy and social theory (Jay, 1993). In criminology Keith Hayward (2010:1) too has made the point that the West is 'suffused with images and increasingly images of crime' in his opening essay to an edited collection exploring the multifaceted ways in which crime is constructed visually. Yet he goes on to insist: