In the first half of the eighteenth century, a Nzima from the Guinea Coast lived in Germany, who became a lecturer at three German universities and wrote inter alia a voluminous treatise on logic. His works have not left any marks in the history of German philosophy, and at the height of his years the guest from Africa returned to his own country. However, his life and work met with some publicity in his time, and he won the respect for his country of those who knew him or read his books. From contemporary and later sources, old church registers, university files and official archives, it has been possible to ascertain the following details of the life of this remarkable scholar and individual, Anton Wilhelm Amo. In all probability Amo was born in or about 1703 at an inland place near Axim on the Gold Coast. When he was still very young -it is assumed in 1 707 he was brought to Amsterdam. Axim in those days was a post of the Netherlands West Indies Company. It is not known whether Amo had been taken to Amsterdam by a Brunswick subject in the service of the Dutch company, or by a German merchant who had sailed via Axim to the Netherlands from the Brandenburg fortress of Great Fredericksburg. This Brandenburg post had suffered a period of decline between 1708 and was involved in hostilities with the Dutch settlements on the coast, so that the latter assumption is unlikely to be correct. At any rate, at the age of four Amo must have been brought to Europe with the consent of his parents, as otherwise neither his name would have been known, nor would he have been able later in his life on his return to the Gold Coast to locate and find his parents. Little Amo, still in his infancy, was given to the reigning Duke of BrunswickWolfenbuttel as a present, and he, in his turn, entrusted him to his son Augustus William. As Augustus William followed his father to the throne as the reigning Duke when the latter died in 1 7 1 4, it was he who became the influential protector and benefactor of young Amo. The brother of Augustus William, Duke Louis Rudolph, during his reign (I73I~5) was ak° Amo's patron. It is not quite certain whether the cousin of the two Dukes, Duke Ferdinand Albrecht, who died as early as 1 735,


The silk fabric was finished with chitosan and citric acid in one bath.Factors such as concentrations of citric acid,chitosan and catalyst,and curing temperature affecting wrinkle recovery angle,whiteness and weight add-on of silk fabric were studied.The influence of concentrations of citric acid and chitosan on deodorant ability of silk was investigated.The results showed the wrinkle recovery and deodorization percentage of silk treated with 0.5% chitosan and 8% citric acid,6% sodium hypophosphite and 4% triethanolamine,and cured at 160 ℃ for 2 minutes increased obviously,which were accompanied by a little decrease in strength and whiteness.The deodorization percentage for ammonia,formaldehyde,methanol and dimethylbenzene of silk fabric was maintained over 80% even after washing 5 times.


The experiment was carried out to determine the effect of NaOH treated wheat grain based diets on degradability of alfalfa hay on rumen profile. Three Kivircik rams fitted with rumen canula were fed with 3 diets containing whole-wheat grain treated with NaOH at 0 (T0), 2.5 (T1) and 3.5 (T2) % levels. Ash content of the diets T1 and T2 was higher than that of diet T0 but cellulose content of these diets was lower than that of diet T0. Diet T2 increased (P<0.05) the degradability of DM and organic matter (OM) of alfalfa hay incubated at 4, 8, 16, 24 and 96 hours. Further, it increased (P <0.01) the pH and lowered (P <0.01) total volatile fatty acids (VFA) levels in rumen fluid without changing the NH3 – N levels. It was determined that diet T1 had much higher fractional rate (c) of the alfalfa hay DM degradability than did the T0 (c=0.043 and 0.034/h, respectively) and this rate was similar to that of diet T2 (0.047).


This report examines World Bank activities in the field of population. It focuses on the following questions: "In policy discussions with borrower countries to what extent is the Bank encouraging attention to the relationships between population dynamics and development and ensuring that population concerns are adequately addressed? To what extent is the Bank providing financial support to reproductive health programs including family planning? How can the Bank expand lending for these programs improve the effectiveness of Bank-financed projects and stimulate additional donor and national funding? [and] What capacity does the Bank have for providing expert advice with respect to the sound planning and effective implementation of reproductive health and family planning projects? How are current organizational changes affecting the Banks work in both population and reproductive health?" (EXCERPT)


1. A method of providing a social network, comprising the steps of:! (A) receiving data for an annotation to a stored contact, the data generated by the owner of the stored contact; and! (B) storing the data for the annotation, the stored data is accessible to people who have access to the social network. ! 2. The method of claim 1, further comprising the step of displaying the annotation together with the stored contact, wherein the content of the annotation being based on the data. ! 3. The method of claim 1, further comprising the step of displaying the annotation together with the stored contact when a displayed icon associated with the stored contact is selected. ! 4. The method of claim 1, further comprising the step of providing the owner of the window in the graphical user interface allowing the owner to enter the data. ! 5. The method of claim 1, wherein said step (a) receiving data comprises receiving a note the owner generated about the stored contact. ! 6. The method of claim 5, wherein the note regards at least one characteristic of the stored contact and a relationship stored contact to the owner. ! 7. The method according to claim 5, wherein a note is generated using natural language text. ! 8. The method of claim 1, wherein said step (a) receiving data comprises receiving a keyword tag, which the owner generated about the stored contact. ! 9. The method of claim 8, further comprising the step of providing a search capability for keywords to search for stored contacts on the social network by using the tag keyword. ! 10. The method of claim 8, wherein the tag klyuchevog


Objectives. To investigate the obstetrical management of cancer in
pregnancy and to determine adverse pregnancy and neonatal outcomes.
Design. A register-based nationwide historical prospective cohort study.
Setting and population. We assessed all pregnancies (N = 4,071,848) in
Denmark from 1 January 1973 to 31 December 2018. Methods. We linked data
on maternal cancer, obstetrical, and neonatal outcomes. Exposure was
defined as pregnancies exposed to maternal cancer (n = 1,068). The
control group comprised pregnancies without cancer. The groups were
compared using logistic regression analysis and adjusted for potential
confounders. Main outcome Measures. The primary outcome was the
iatrogenic termination of the pregnancy (induced abortions/labor
induction or elective caesarean section). Secondary outcomes were
adverse neonatal outcomes. Results. More women with cancer in pregnancy,
as compared to the control group, experienced first-trimester induced
abortion; adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 3.7 (95% CI 2.8─4.7),
second-trimester abortion; aOR 9.0 (6.4─12.6), iatrogenic preterm
delivery; aOR 10.9 (8.1─14.7), and iatrogenic delivery below 32
gestational weeks; aOR 16.5 (8.5─32.2). Neonates born to mothers with
cancer in pregnancy had a higher risk of respiratory distress syndrome;
aOR 1.5 (1.2─2.0), but not of low birth weight; aOR 0.6 (0.4─0.8),
admission to neonatal intensive care unit more than seven days; aOR 1.4
(1.1─1.9), neonatal infection; aOR 0.9 (0.5─1.5) nor neonatal mortality;
aOR1.3 (0.6─2.6). Conclusion. Cancer in pregnancy implies an increased
risk of iatrogenic termination of pregnancy and iatrogenic premature
birth. Neonates born to mothers with cancer in pregnancy had no
increased risk of severe adverse neonatal outcomes.


Ion transport in perm-selective media has been extensively investigated in recent years owing to its applications in advancements of fundamental understanding of nanoscale electrokinetics as well as innovative engineering applications. A key phenomenon in this context is ion concentration polarization (ICP) that occurs near perm-selective nanoporous membranes or nanochannels under dc bias. In classical settings, involving voltage-driven transport of ions through perm-selective membranes, concentration polarization is well understood as formation of steep concentration drop to reach near zero concentration (depletion layer) at the anodic side of cation-selective membranes. In contrast to this classical description, we demonstrate here that when ICP is driven in a microchannel and coupled with electroosmotic flows a long-tailed fluorescent layer in front of diffusion layer is formed, which can be characterized as an additional plateau in the concentration profile. Using a micro/nanofluidic platform, in situ visualizations, and local concentration measurements by microelectrode arrays we quantify that this plateau layer has a concentration of 60 % of bulk electrolyte concentration, regardless of the bulk concentration itself. Using a mathematical analysis of conservation laws for flow, charge, and salt, we demonstrate that this plateau region is related to the formation of a flow stagnation point due to the competition between electro-osmotic and induced pressure driven flows. Consistent with the experiments, this analysis predicts the plateau concentration to be 60% of the bulk electrolyte. Thus, this plateau concentration region completes the picture of ICP in microchannels which has drawn significant attention from the fields of electrokinetics and micro/nanofluidics.


Only 15 years ago it was the general opinion among scholars that the paintings of the lHakhang So-ma in Alchi are attributable to the 12th-13th centuries. 2 In addition, thangka paintings of a similar style were dated to the same time range and vaguely attributed to the "Western Trans-Himalaya" (e.g. Klimburg-Salter 1982: pis. 109-112). Today the historical picture has changed quite dramatically thanks to the vastly increased amount of objects and documentation available.


Born in 1932 in Santo Domingo, capital of the Dominican Republic, Rhina Polonia Espaillat was the only surviving child of a diplomatic family living in exile on account of the brutal thirty-year dictatorship of Rafael Leonidas Trujillo. Until her parents, Carlos Manuel Homero Espaillat and Dulce Marı́a Batista, could find a stable home in the US, she stayed with her widowed paternal grandmother, Apolonia Brache, a talented midwife. The artistic community of this home in La Vega, Dominican Republic, redolent with laughter, music, storytelling, and poetry, provided an early incubator for young Espaillat's aesthetic sensibilities. Not even fully literate, the child composed poems that were then transcribed by the doting older woman, herself a musician and avid poet (Nicol 97). Arriving at age seven in New York City, Espaillat retained her native Spanish—largely because of strict linguistic regulations at home—while excelling in her adopted language. This bilingual legacy is a topic she engages frequently, both in poetry and in her current work as translator of such iconic American poets as Richard Wilbur and Robert Frost. She rose to prominence early when a generous teacher at Julia Richman High School in Manhattan secretly submitted fifteen-year-old Espaillat's poems to The Ladies' Home Journal, and three were published in a 1947 issue. This acceptance was a turning point; shortly thereafter, at age sixteen, she became the youngest ever inductee to the Poetry Society of America (Nicol 98). She earned a degree in English from Hunter College in 1953 and began a long career teaching in New York City public schools. A year before graduating, she married World War II veteran, industrial arts teacher, and now respected sculptor Alfred Moskowitz, with whom she raised three sons. Espaillat later earned a Master's degree in education from Queens College in 1964 and taught high school English until early retirement in 1980. She returned to writing full time in retirement, publishing her first collection of poems, Lapsing to Grace, in 1992 at the age of sixty. She wrote and submitted little while attending to the demands of motherhood, her career, and caring for elderly parents. Although domestic duties may have slowed down her trajectory


A refractory alloy irradiation series involving four discharged of the Materials Open Test Assembly (MOTA-1B through MOTA-1E) has been completed. This experiment contains pure Mo, Mo-41Re, TZM and Nb-1Zr. Irradiation temperatures in this experiment ranged from 404 to 730{degree}C with neutron exposures yielding 8.7 to 110.8 dpa. Measurement of density changes and disk bend testing are planned to begin shortly.


Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has had a negative impact on healthcare systems worldwide, including surgical disciplines. To date, only a few studies have assessed the effects of the ongoing pandemic on the mental state of those potentially exposed through their daily activities, such as operating theatre staff. The present study aimed to determine the prevalence of anxiety among the operating theatre staff "BORE" during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Methods: From 13 January to 19 February 2021, we conducted a cross-sectional study using a pre-designed online form. This form was disseminated to participants via social networks. The data collection form was divided into three parts: one part was for socio-demographic information, the second part was for professional information, and the third part was for assessing the anxiety score by the Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAM-A).
Results: A total of 42 questionnaires were fully completed and retained for analysis. The sex ratio was 1.67, with 16 men and 26 women. COVID-19 anxiety with mild severity (HS ˂ 17) was found in 22 (55.4%) of the participants, and 33.3% had moderate to severe depression, while 11.3% had severe anxiety.
Conclusion: About 4/5 of the participants in our survey suffered from anxiety due to the COVID-19 pandemic. This study highlights the need for psychological assistance for health care workers, especially the operating theatre staff of the Yaounde Central Hospital.


Jiang Ze-min's outlook on seeking truth from facts is mainly constituted by the following viewpoints: Seeking truth from facts is a fundamental ideological weapon for communists to understand and transform the world.Emancipating the mind and seeking truth from facts are unified.Emancipating the mind,seeking truth from facts and keeping up with the times are the decisive factors which help the Party to adhere to its vanguard nature and to enhance its creativity.The largest China's actuality is that China is still in the primary stage of socialism.Jiang Ze-min's outlook on seeking truth from facts provides a guidance of scientific methodology for the Party members in contemporary China in responding to new situations and solving new problems,and gives them much useful enlightenment.


An excursion through almost 1000 years of cultural history of professional correspondence provides useful starting points for learning strategies and exercises that motivate students from grade 10 upwards to use online reference books. The employment of these (re) sources may lead to a basic understanding of syntax in order to recognize comprehensible (and complete) sentences. Especially for trainees, the insight into learning and grammatical contexts, which help to make sentence structures comprehensible, is conducive to adequate writing skills – including the correct putting of commas.


A superscalar implementation of a conventional instruction set architecture (ISA) requires N(N-1) comparators to determine dependencies between the N instructions issuing concurrently and 2N register file read ports to handle the 2 operands that each instruction can potentially source. On the other hand, if the compiler is allowed to specify part of the renaming tag, we show that we can eliminate the comparators needed to detect data dependencies between instructions issuing concurrently, and we can reduce the number of read ports from 16 to about 7 without losing performance. Finally, we show that this approach more efficiently implements predicated execution than can be done with a conventional ISA on a machine that renames registers.


The classical theorem of Bröcker and Prestel on quadratic forms over formally real fields determines a valuation theoretic condition under which all totally indefinite forms are weakly isotropic. In this article, we look for analogues of such a result in a more general setting of algebras with involutions. We prove that for involutions of first kind over central simple algebras of index two, one indeed has a Bröcker–Prestel like statement. The connection between two conditions, namely, total indefiniteness and weak isotropy is made via so called gauge functions on central simple algebras.


Since the regain of independence of the Baltic States in the beginning of 90-ties the road transport corridor Via Baltica (Helsinki - Tallinn - Riga - Kaunas - Warsaw) has become the main transport artery in North-South direction from Finland through Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania to Poland. In the Conference of European Ministers of Transport in 1994 Via Baltica was defined as the part of European multi-modal transport Corridor 1. The route ensures harmonic integration of the Latvian road network in the European road network, as well as, contributes to the development of tourism and service sectors. Since 1996 the route Via Baltica in the European road network is designated with international road index "E67". Considering the international importance of the Via Baltica delegated representatives of the involved countries set up a Monitoring Committee in order to ensure sustainable development of the route and co-ordinate the activities to be implemented. Under its leadership the First Via Baltica Investment Programme for 1996-2000 was worked out in 1995. The Programme has been successfully completed. The implementation of the First Via Baltica Investment Programme has contributed to the implementation of new technologies, methods and road maintenance management in the route and the rest of the Latvian road network, and it also contributed to the establishment of modern road winter maintenance service, traffic safety improvement projects prepared by foreign consultants, preparation of a uniform tourist information system which served as a basis for a national tourism information sign system in Latvia, etc. At present Via Baltica development projects are under way. Latvia as a candidate country of the European union receives support from the EU assistance funds, which play a major role in the bilateral financing of the Via Baltica Development Programme. Development of Via Baltica route is a part of the activities to be undertaken in the road network in order to provide a planned development of efficient, environmentally friendly, balanced multi-modal transportation system which would meet the need of qualitative and quantitative transportation with specific safety, guarantees and acceptable costs, increase the choice opportunities in passenger and goods transport, contribute to regional development, as well as integration in the European transport system. For the covering abstract see ITRD E135448.


Abstract We propose a mechanism based on the rubble-pile hypothesis of the cometary nucleus (Weissman 1986, Nature320, 242–244) to explain the catastrophic breakup of comet LINEAR (C/1999 S4) observed during July–August 2000. We suggest that a solid nucleus made up of 10–100 m "cometesimals" (Weidenschilling 1997, Icarus127, 290–306) contains a network of interconnected voids in the intercometesimal regions. The production of super-volatile (i.e., species more volatile than water) gasses into these voids occurs as a result of the thermal wave propagating through the nucleus and associated phase transitions of water ice. The network of voids provides an efficient pathway for rapid propagation of these gasses within the nucleus resulting in gas pressure caused stresses over a wide regime of the nucleus. This provides a mechanism for catastrophic breakups of small cometary nuclei such as comet LINEAR (C/1999 S4) as well as for some observed cometary outbursts including those that occur at large heliocentric distances (e.g., West et al. 1991, Astron. Astrophys.246, L77–L80). We emphasize the importance of techniques such as radar reflection tomography and radiowave transmission tomography (e.g., Kofman et al. 1998, Adv. Space Res. 21, 1589–1598) aboard cometary missions to determine the three-dimensional structure of the nucleus, in particular the extent of large-scale voids.


The calculations of dynamic processes in the pipeline are necessary for modeling the processes of fluid movement in the pipeline, for example, for predicting loads on the pipeline when compression and rarefaction waves move in it. These tasks are reduced to solving systems of partial differential equations. The calculation of the phenomenon excluding hydraulic friction can be carried out by the method of characteristics, however, the calculation, taking into account the friction forces, is complicated for known methods, such as the finite difference method and the final element method. The article provides a brief description and an example of using the control point method for the task of modeling the water hammer phenomenon, taking into account the hydraulic friction forces of the pipeline. The main idea of the proposed method is to reduce the solution of these systems of equations to solving linear programming problems. The purpose of this work is to solve the problem of water hammerwith friction by the control point method. This method, developed jointly with A.S. Maksimov by the authors of this article at the Melentiev Energy Systems Institute, has shown good results in solving systems of partial differential equations of a periodic heat exchanger with ceramic ball filling. Moreover, heat transfer inside these elements was taken into account. With large values of thermal conductivity coefficients, this system is also rigid, which complicates its solution by the control volume method, but the control point method has shown good results. This gives reason to consider it promising in calculations of hydraulic friction. The results of modeling a hydraulic shock to a pipe filled with an incompressible liquid at different friction coefficients have been obtained. The results make it possible to make a numerical assessment of the effect of the o hydraulic friction coefficient on the attenuation of oscillatory processes during a hydraulic shock.


This article analyzes the sound image in the radio drama Kædereaktioner – en fantasi om Niels Bohr og atombomben from the theories of Donald McWhinnie, Andrew Crisell and Ib Poulsen concerning the elements of the radio drama. The goal is to examine how the listener perceives a work that is only auditory and also which elements are characteristic and key to a radio drama.


Another Way for Constructing Social Milieus? Why and How?: A secondary analysis of the INSEE "Education and Family" survey led us to rethinking the construction of social milieus (and sub-milieus) based on the French PCS social-professional categories and professions of a child's six parents and grandparents in an attempt to better explain child/parents relations. The milieus are characterized by a particular homogeneity/heterogeneity (equivalence/non-equivalence of PCS's). The sub-milieus are the decomposition of different milieus according to social origins (using the PCS's).


Block-oriented nonlinear models such as Wiener and Hammerstein models have the advantage that they are quite simple to understand and easy to use. Hammerstein and Wiener models can be extended to models containing extra blocks in a series connection such as Wiener-Hammerstein models. To further increase the modeling power of block-oriented models a parallel connection of Wiener-Hammerstein branches is considered. This paper presents a parametric identification algorithm for parallel Wiener-Hammerstein systems in discrete time starting from input-output data only. First, the overall dynamics of the system are estimated in least squares sense at different operating points of the system. Second, these dynamics are decomposed over the parallel branches, and partitioned into the front and back linear time invariant (LTI) blocks, giving an estimate of the LTI blocks. Finally, the static nonlinearities are estimated using a linear least squares estimator.


In a transversely isotropic (TI) medium, the trade-off between inhomogeneity and anisotropy can dramatically reduce our capability to estimate anisotropy parameters. By expanding the TI eikonal equation in power series in terms of the aneliptic parameter η, we derive an efficient tool to estimate (scan) for η in a generally inhomogeneous, elliptically anisotropic background medium. For a homogeneoustilted transversely isotropic medium, we obtain an analytic nonhyperbolic moveout equation that is accurate for large offsets. In the common case where we do not have well information and it is necessary to resolve the vertical velocity, the background medium can be assumed isotropic, and the traveltime equations becomes simpler. In all cases, the accuracy of this new TI traveltime equation exceeds previously published formulations and demonstrates how η is better resolved at small offsets when the tilt is large.


BPPV is a disorder of the vestibular system, specifi cally, the Labyrinth is a positional vertigo that occurs when the individual assumes certain positions of the head. To review the literature on the diagnosis, treatment, pre1 Fisioterapeuta da Marinha, Especialista em neurociencias. 2


The river turtle (Kinosternon leucostomum), was first reported for the department of Guajira in 2011, found in the foothills of the Serrania de Perija (GALVIS-PENUELA et al., 2011). Our observations constitute the first record for the Sierra Nevada de Santamarta Massif and the second distribution record within the department of Guajira, Colombian Caribbean.


In the recent years,the key universities in our country have paid great attention to bilingual teaching due to its effect of cultivating the professional. Through carrying out the bilingual teaching in the important fundamental course of Digital Electronic Technology for undergraduate students majored in electronics and information engineering,the feasibility and some key teaching process in the bilingual teaching are introduced in detail. The key factors which affect the quality of bilingual teaching are proposed and analyzed. As a reference,some suggestions and solutions are given to be exchangeg between counterparts.


Sustainable agriculture is the most desired solution to ensure food security for the growing world population and to face climate change. Furthermore, sustainable agriculture seeks alternatives to harmful pesticides and chemical fertilizers. This review presents an overview of recent scientific research and potential applications of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) as pest biocontrol and disease management during pre- and postharvest, along with possible limitations in scalability at the agricultural level. According to the information reviewed, bacteria, fungi, yeast, and plants are the principal organisms that produce VOCs with biotechnological potential. The main applications reported for VOCs are enhanced resistance/tolerance to abiotic stressors, such as drought, cold, and salinity, and an enhanced defense response against biotic stressors, such as viruses, bacteria, fungi, nematodes, and insects. Some VOCs in particular present an antimicrobial effect on a wide range of plant and human pathogens. Therefore, VOCs are considered a promising, sustainable biocontrol strategy that can replace pesticides and fertilizers. However, future research needs to promote collaboration with farmers and the development of applications for VOCs at the industrial level.


Social media is an information technology that allows users to communicate and share information. With steadily rising number of users across the globe, individuals participate in various activities, like connecting with friends and community members, sharing information, posting political messages, disaster recovery activities, reading daily news, learning, and entertainment, each driven by different sets of motivations. Culture has an influence on the kind of motivation ― pro-social and personal needs oriented ― that drives social media usage by individuals. Using Hofstede's (1984b) cultural dimensions, the paper suggests that each of the dimensions will have influences on the social media behaviors differently. Such a cultural perspective helps future social media users to plan the kind of activity and information sharing based on the kind of motivation driving the target audience and the platform providers to design and market accordingly.


Abstract Integrated water resources planning and management are considered very complex issues. These issues are usually addressed through the multi-sectoral, interdisciplinary and hierarchal decomposition approaches. In general, integrated resource management indicates the consideration of water, social, socio-economic, economic and environmental issues. The current study aims at merging the GIS and Multi-Criteria Evaluation (MCE) techniques for the integrated water resource management of a cropped area. An area of about 120,000 Hectares located in the Northern Nile River Delta area with a coastal zone on the Mediterranean was selected and GIS was applied to represent the area's different environment, social, economic, and water factors. Different randomization cropping pattern distribution scenarios were proposed. Through the merging of GIS and MCE approaches, three scenarios were run and evaluated at three different levels: farm, canal catchment area and whole area. This merging resulted in a very powerful tool for the evaluation of different plans. The merging of GIS and MCE really facilitated the decision making process for these types of integrated water management problems.


The various industries, sectors, and citizens' daily lives have undergone significant changes after the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic. The researchers collected and analyzed PM2.5 samples including secondary inorganic ions (SO42−, NO3−, and NH4+, namely SNA), organic carbon (OC), elemental carbon (EC), and other 16 metal elements in Beijing in 2019 (before the pandemic) and 2020 (after the pandemic). The particulate matter (PM2.5) concentration in the autumn and winter of 2020 is 21.16 µg/m3 and 14.05 µg/m3 lower than in 2019, respectively. The contribution of six sources of pollution, including coal combustion, secondary sources, transportation-related sources, dust, Industrial I, and Industrial II, were analyzed using the Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) model. Due to the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic, more and more people are choosing private transportation, such as private cars, instead of public transportation. As a result, the contribution of PM2.5 pollution related to transportation increased after the pandemic. The metal elements measured during the sampling period represent only a very small fraction (1%) of PM2.5. However, their health risk to humans cannot be ignored because of the toxicity of some metallic elements, and the carcinogenic risks induced by metal elements in PM2.5 exceeded the safety threshold (>10−6) during the autumn and winter of 2019 and 2020. Arsenic (As) contributes the most to carcinogenic risk, so controlling arsenic emissions is the primary approach to reducing cancer risk in Beijing. Considering the contribution to the health risk from various sources obtained in PMF, coal combustion is the most significant contributor to cancer risk. Therefore, serious consideration should be given to controlling coal combustion at the local and regional levels to reduce health risks in Beijing.


In this paper we will extend the Lobachevsky works about Dirichlet integral, and we will find a method for calculating(\int_0^\infty (sin^2n x)/x^2n dx),where f({\pi}+x)=f(x) and f({\pi}-x)=f(x)


This thesis contains the development of three different methodologies based on machine learning supervised approaches for the automatic assessment of retinal image quality. The objective is to compare their performances, strengths and drawbacks in order to understand which one is preferable for the embedding into an highly automated screening system.


Tax aggressiveness is a plan to reduce the tax burden through tax planning. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of firm size, leverage, and sales growth on tax aggressiveness using the ETR proxy. This study uses LQ45 Index companies listed on the IDX for the 2016-2020 period. The method of determining the sample is non-probability sampling with purposive sampling technique and totaling 35 observations. The data collection method is non-participant observation and uses multiple linear regression analysis techniques. The results showed that company size had a negative effect on tax aggressiveness, while leverage and sales growth had a positive effect on tax aggressiveness.
Keywords: Firm Size; Leverage; Sales Growth; Tax Aggressiveness.


A synthesis of geologic attributes and reservoir properties is provided for 41 carbonate petroleum fields. From throughout the world, 55 scientists developed detailed case studies of carbonate reservoirs ranging in age from Ordovician to Miocene and in size from 1.7 × 103 to 32.0 × 109 bbl initial oil in place (IOIP). The objective was to focus on the detailed depositional and diagenetic history of a significant number of carbonate reservoirs, and secondarily to characterize their petrophysical evolution and reservoir volumetrics. An attempt was made to develop a complete "anatomy" of each field, which includes among many other attributes: regional paleosetting, tectonics, entrapping facies, source rocks, reservoir dimensions, and fluid data. Using a chronological arrangement, broad trends through time become evident. A progression of reservoir types occurs through the Phanerozoic, from peritidal and subaerially exposed facies in Paleozoic examples, through a long-term sequence of shallow-shelf sands and reefs, to relatively deep-marine facies in the Cretaceous and Tertiary. These last range from periplatform debris flows to deep-shelf pelagic chalks and deep-basinal mixed lithofacies that have been diagenetically altered, mainly to dolomite. No trends are seen, however, in the occurrence of pinnacle or other reefs through the Phanerozoic. Many of the largest fields occur in Tertiary mobile belts and other regions affected by Tertiary tectonics, principally in carbonates of Cretaceous to Miocene age. Furthermore, at least nine of the largest fields owe their reservoir productivity largely to fracturing, and at least ten smaller fields involve some fracturing. In contrast, the great number and diversity of reservoirs of shallow-epeiric, platform, peritidal, and sabkha origins are also evident, with reserves between 70 and 700 × 106 bbl IOIP. Shallow reef-mound, atoll, or pinnacle reef fields of large magnitude, all in carbonates of phototropic, warm-water, marine origin, are common over structures, particularly those related to subjacent salt diapirs. Non-salt-supported shallow shelves and reefs have smaller fields of less than 200 × 106 bbl IOIP. Future requirements include much more knowledge about (1) the extent, diversity, and recognition of deep-marine carbonates; (2) the frequency, size, orientation, and contribution to reservoir productivity of fractures; and (3) a large information base, generated by postmortem studies of the vast number of reservoirs which are destined to become candidates for supplemental recovery methods. End_of_Article - Last_Page 148------------


This research intended to find out: 1) indicators of disciplinary attitude assessment, 2) assessment techniques discipline attitude at Al-Irsyad Tengaran Islamic Boarding School 7 Batu City, 3) efforts in instilling the values of discipline to the students at Al-Irsyad Tengaran Islamic Boarding School 7 Batu City. This study uses a qualitative approach with descriptive qualitative research methods. The data sources used by researchers in this study were school principals, heads of curriculum sections, Arabic subject teachers and students at Al-Irsyad Tengaran Islamic Boarding School 7 Batu City. The research results are: 1). There are 10 indicators for discipline attitudes assessment, 2) the assessment technique is carried out by the teacher for each subject in each note, but based on predetermined indicators. 3) inculcating the value of discipline including; a) the teacher and the pesantren always invite and guide the students to be on time, b) the teacher and the pesantren always invite the students to always maintain good and polite speech, c) the teacher and the pesantren also always appeal to all the students to can maintain neatness, especially in dressing, d) teachers in class has an obligation to the students to provide motivation and advice related to the importance of instilling discipline in carrying out activities


This article introduces and reviews the use of expert systems in solid dosage development (tablets and film coating). The applications, experience and benefits to the pharmaceutical industry are discussed. Expert systems, where introduced and implemented, have generated significant benefits in terms of knowledge protection, cost reduction, training, consistency and improved communication


It is shown that when tokamaks are perturbed, the kinetic energy principle is closely related to the neoclassical toroidal torque by the action invariance of particles. Especially when tokamaks are perturbed from scalar pressure equilibria, the imaginary part of the potential energy in the kinetic energy principle is equivalent to the toroidal torque by the neoclassical toroidal viscosity. A unified description therefore should be made for both physics. It is also shown in this case that the potential energy operator can be self-adjoint and thus the stability calculation can be simplified by minimizing the potential energy.


Evaluating for the presence of gastrointestinal infection is a critical component of the workup for relapse of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). With the advent of stool multiplex gastrointestinal pathogen panels (GI PCR), infections are increasingly identified. Prior research has shown that detection of enteric infection significantly affects the management of IBD in the inpatient setting. We aimed to characterize the impact of enteric infection detection on the management of IBD therapy in outpatients with relapse of IBD.

 In a cross-sectional study of IBD outpatients at an academic medical center presenting with acute gastrointestinal symptoms from September 2015 to April 2019 who received GI PCR testing, we recorded pathogens detected, demographic data, biomarkers of inflammation, presenting symptoms, IBD subtypes, and IBD therapy. Our primary outcome was dose escalation in IBD therapy, defined as the addition of a new therapeutic agent or an increase in the dose or frequency of an existing medication. Secondary outcomes included rates of endoscopy, abdominal imaging, and antibiotics in the 30-day period after the initial visit and rates of adverse outcomes, i.e. emergency room (ER) visits, hospitalizations, and abdominal surgeries in the 90-day period after the initial visit.

 We identified 134 IBD outpatients tested with GI PCR. A pathogen was identified in 35 (26%) patients, of whom 9 (27%) had an increase in their medication regimen; 2 (22%) were prescribed an additional mesalamine, 3 (33%) a biologic, and none glucocorticoids. In contrast, 49/99 (45%, p=0.03) patients without an infection had an increase in their medication regimen, with 3 (7%, p=0.49) prescribed mesalamines, 11 (24%, p=0.67) biologics, and 7 (16%, p=0.04) glucocorticoids (Table 1). No patient received immunomodulators. Patients with an infection received more antibiotics (49% vs. 12%, p<0.01). They were also more likely to present with vomiting (11% vs. 3%, p=0.06) and undergo less post-visit endoscopy (6% vs. 16%, p=0.13), but these differences were near significant. There were no significant differences in demographics, initial IBD medications on testing, presenting symptoms, lab markers, abdominal imaging, or adverse outcomes. The most commonly isolated organisms were Escherichia coli subtypes, with 22/35 (63%) patients having at least one species isolated on testing (Table 2).

 Detection of an enteric infection in outpatients with relapse of IBD was associated with significantly fewer dose escalations in IBD therapy, including glucocorticoids, and increased exposure to antibiotics, and a marginal decrease in endoscopy. These changes in management were not associated with a difference in adverse outcomes.


Abstract An approach to the study of calcium binding proteins, is the chemical synthesis of analogues of the single metal ion binding site, and the comparison of their metal ion binding characteristics(1). Synthesized fragments were also characterized as biologically act ive(2).


Extensive research has been devoted to the estimation of the parameters of frequently used distributions. However, little attention has been paid to estimation of parameters of Gamma/Gompertz distribution, which is often encountered in customer lifetime and mortality risks distribution literature. This distribution has three parameters. In this paper, we proposed an algorithm for estimating the parameters of Gamma/Gompertz distribution based on maximum likelihood estimation method. Iterated local search (ILS) is proposed to maximize likelihood function. Finally, the proposed approach is computationally tested using some numerical examples and results are analyzed.


Purpose of reviewObstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common condition, increasing in incidence along with obesity in Americans. This review looks at skeletal surgery to treat sleep apnea and recent advancements. Recent findingsSkeletal surgery for OSA has improved with recent advancements in surgical genioplasty now able to advance the genioglossus as well as inferior mandible muscles without changing aesthetics. Some investigators have called for maxillomandibular advancement to be considered as a first-line therapy over continuous positive airway pressure. SummaryMaxillomandibular advancement appears safe and effective for consideration as a first-line therapy for select patients with OSA.


Although Hodgkin's disease was the first of the malignant lymphomas to be described as a specific disease process, this unique cancer has been the source of many persistent questions over the past ...


Background: liver diseases may not be recognized by clinicians, who can lead to a subsequent delayin the initiation of effective therapies, the commonest presenting signs and symptoms of pediatric liverdiseases include hepatomegaly, jaundice, coagulopathy or elevation of the liver enzymes or wasteproducts as ammonia.Objectives: To highlight the etiologies, pattern of presentations and the route of diagnosis of all liverdiseases in children less than 10 years referred to the Gastroenterology and Hepatology Unit inChildren Welfare Teaching Hospital over a six months period.Patients and methods: A prospective study was conducted in the Gastroenterology and HepatologyUnit in the Children Welfare Teaching Hospital / Baghdad Medical City hospital during the periodfrom first of December 2016 to the end of thirty first of May 2017.Forty patients aged below 10 years were thoroughly assessed for possible causes of liver disease andthe severity of liver damage. These patients were subjected to a detailed history, thorough physicalexamination and a list of investigationsResults: forty patients their age less than 10 years, the most common age group in this study was from1 year to 5 years was 17(40%), males are more affected than females in the ratio of 1.5:1, it was foundthat the mean age of onset is the biliary atresia and Galactosemia cases were within the first week oflife, congenital infection cases presented earlier than the two above groups. In this study most of thecases were diagnosed clinically and by available investigations and only cases of biliary atresia andglycogen storage diseases were diagnosed by liver biopsy.Conclusion: All patients presented late with complications, biliary atresia cases were very late inpresentation, all with fibrosis. Family history usually very important in hereditary liver diseases asgalactosemia and glycogen storage disease a careful physical examination in addition to previousmedical history most of the time gives a clue to the final diagnosis.


As nautical tourism and recreational activities involving boats have become highly popular, research interest on various effects of nautical tourism is also increasing. This paper aims to analyze the main scientific contributions in the field of nautical tourism and its impact on the environment. The focus of the analysis is on the methods used to estimate and model recreational boating activities. Since nautical tourism plays a crucial role in the context of the growth and development of the economy, it is necessary to consider the environmental component of its development. The background objective of the paper is to provide a representation of environmental descriptors, i.e., to highlight in particular the environmental impact of nautical tourism. A search on the Web of Science Core Collection, touching on this topic, is composed of scientific papers published in the period 2010–2021. The papers examined are divided into five categories according to the impact of nautical tourism they study: Environmental, Economic, Social, Technical or Other. The results show that most papers were published in the area of environmental impacts of nautical tourism, with most papers examining invasive species, antifouling and impacts on species. The analysis showed that the negative impacts were mainly studied individually. Based on the analysis and evaluation of the scientific publications, a basic recommendation is given for the construction of a model to estimate recreational boating activities and its impact on the environment.


This paper explores the establishment of a network of Marine Protected Areas in the area of the Channel Islands as a case study of how administrative decisions are made when the paradigms of science and democracy conflict. The paper is one case study of a larger co-authored book project. The Channel Islands Marine Protected Areas Network was established using a variant of a Negotiated Rulemaking process in which scientists, agency officials, and stakeholders attempted to work together. This paper argues that while this process was successful in some ways and less successful in others, the process used serves as a useful model for future rulemaking efforts where science and democracy conflict.


Fluctuation in local government revenue will shift local government spending. This study aims to identify and analyze the response of local government spending policies to an increase or decrease in transfer funds from the central government (Balance Fund) and local own revenue (known as Pendapatan Asli Daerah). The study utilizes data from provincial governments throughout Indonesia for the 2010-2019 period. This study finds that local government spending policies are more responsive to increases or decreases in local government revenues in the form of DAU, meaning that there is a flypaper effect phenomenon. In addition, this study also found that the decline in DAU also caused a contraction in public spending, which means that there is no asymmetrical flypaper effect.

Kenaikan atau penurunan pendapatan pemerintah daerah akan meningkatkan atau menurunkan belanja pemerintah daerah Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi dan menganalisis respons kebijakan belanja pemerintah daerah terhadap kenaikan atau penurunan dana transfer dari pemerintah pusat (Dana Perimbangan) dan Pendapatan Asli Daerah. Penelitian menggunakan Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa kebijakan belanja  pemerintah daerah lebih responsif terhadap kenaikan atau penurunan penerimaan daerah berupa DAU, artinya ada fenomena flypaper effect pada kebijakan belanja publik di Indonesia. Selain itu, penelitian ini juga menemukan bahwa  penurunan penerimaan daerah berupa DAU juga menyebabkan kontraksi pada belanja publik, yang artinya flypaper effect yang ada tidak bersifat asimetris.


Dry land in Indonesia has high potential for agricultural development because of its area, but its utilization is still not optimal. Low water availability is a major issue on dry land. The availability of water is affected by the topography and physical properties in dry land in the holding or to save water. Easy removable irrigation systems such as the Big Gun Sprinkler can meet water demands, while adding organic material can prolong its availability. The purpose of this study  was to analyze the effect of the use of Big Gun Sprinkler irrigation system and organic material against moisture of soil and maize yield. Experimental design used in this research was a Split Splot design with two factors, the first factor was dose the water with three levels consisting of A1 ((100% dose of water), A2 (85% dose of water), A3 (70% dose of water), and the second factor was a dose of organic matter with three levels consisting of B1 (3 t ha -1 ), B2 (4 t ha -1 ), B3 (5 t ha -1 ), and the combination of these factors that consisted of three replicates. The results of this study showed that with irrigation systems water distribution was not uniform because of the influence of the distance from the centre and the wind. Combination of doses of water and organic matter did not give significant influence over all  parameters. However, each treatment produced different values on each parameter.


Visible light positioning (VLP) is an emerging positioning technique that utilizes indoor light sources to broadcast archer locations through visible light communication (VLC). Benefited by the densely deployed light lamps, VLP holds the promise for more accurate positioning accuracy than RF based approaches, and thus enables interesting applications such as retail navigation and shelf-level advertising in supermarkets and shopping malls. However, we observe that in existing VLP systems, receiving devices are heavily burdened in handling light flickering for VLC. In order to prevent human from being disturbed, the VLC transmitter lamps have to transmit pulses in a high rate (over 1kHz). Since the pulse rate far exceeds the cameras' sampling capability (30fps), receiver design either requires customized light sensor with cumbersome calibration on receiving signal strength [2] or processing high resolution images to leverage rolling shutter effect of the CMOS camera to decode message [1]. The heavy burden on receiving devices motivated us to try getting rid of light flickers. Since human eyes normally can not perceive changes in polarization, the idea is to modulate polarization instead of intensity for communication. In this demo, we demonstrate the VLC system in our VLP design [3] which realizes this idea. It enables lightweight VLC that is even affordable in wearables (Google Glass), without incurring hardware modification or computation off-loading. Moreover, it also makes other types of illuminating light beyond LED light (even sun light) possible to construct communication, therefore eliminates the barrier for deploying future VLC-based applications. As detailed in the full paper [3], our design was inspired by the liquid crystal display (LCD), from which we borrowed polarizer and liquid crystal. Liquid crystal has the property to change the polarization of bypassing polarized light according to the applied voltage. We use polarizer to polarize illuminating light and leverage liquid crystal to modulate bits through changing the light's polarization. The receiver can thus detect changes in polarization with a polarizing film, through which different polarizations result in different intensities. Since the SNR of such communication channel may significantly vary with the mobility of receiving device, we propose to add a dispersion filter to the transmitter. The dispersion filter can cast different frequency of lights into different polarization directions so that SNR in different receiving directions are evened. With the above techniques, VLC transmitter generates signal in low baud rate and mobile devices can perform VLC through camera directly. The communication is long in distance and lightweight enough for resource-constrained devices since the information is carried in intensity changes rather than certain image patterns in rolling shutter approaches. In this demo, we will illustrate the prototype implementation of the VLC communication system. We use incandescent lamps as illuminating light sources. The transmitter consists of a polarizing film, a liquid crystal layer, a dispersor and a control board. The receiver is demonstrated in Android smartphone with polarizing film in front of the camera.


The production of tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) in cages requires the constant monitoring of the physical and chemical water properties, since it is an activity considered potentially polluting for the aquatic environment and its monitoring is fundamental to avoid the water body eutrophication processes. The present study was conducted in a reservoir located in a fishfarm at Pariquera – Acu County (Sao Paulo state, Brazil) and evaluated the influence of the intensive Nile tilapia production in cages on the trophic state and in the water quality. For the trophic state determination, five classes were considered and stablished by the Trophic State Index (TSI). The trial was developed and divided in three phases: before (90 days), during (180 days) and after (90 days) the fish intensive production in the reservoir. Thirty net cages with volume of 4 m3 and stocking density of 150 fish per m3 were installed. According to the results, it was observed that the trophic state index (TSI) was increasing according to the production period, changing from an ultra-oligotrophic to a mesotrophic state, reaching a maximum value of 53.2 ± 0.4, and, after production period, remained oligotrophic. The water quality parameters did not present significant differences between the periods analysed (p>0.05). The implementation of the TSI represents a practical tool for environmental monitoring and risk analysis of fish production in the aquatic environment.


Although bottom-up parsing techniques are sufficiently powerful for most compiler construction tasks, the crafting of suitable grammar specifications can be a difficult and elusive process. The lack of proper abstraction mechanisms in specification metalanguages themselves often exacerbates these difficulties. We present Bertha, a prototype parser generator designed to address these and other concerns. Bertha is built upon the notion of ordered context-free grammars, a formal and systematic augmentation of context-free grammars with associativity and precedence information, that affords it greater expressivity. Furthermore, Bertha's input metalanguage allows for hierarchical grammar and symbol definitions, facilitating the use of closures and inherited attributes. Finally, all grammar specifications are type-safe and properly encapsulated, and represent a minimal departure from the underlying Java language.


Objective: The purpose of this study was to analyze factors related to compliance with the use of PPE Level 2 in midwives during delivery assistance process in the COVID-19 pandemic situation.Methods: This study used a descriptive analytic study with a cross sectional approach. A total of 45 midwives who worked in hospitals belonging to the Muhammadiyah association in East Java were participated in this study. The samples were obtained by simple random sampling. The data were collected from June to December 2021. The data were processed by using factor analysis which aimed to filter out which variables were the most superior or the most dominant from several variables selected by the researchers. The interpretation of factor analysis was based on 1) KMO value > 0.05 and Bartlett's value <0.05, 2) Anti Image Matrices value > 0.50, 3) Communalities with Extraction value > 0.50, 4) Total Variance Explained, 5) Scree Plot with Eigenvalue > 1, and 6) Component MatrixResults: The results indicated that most (60%) of the respondents complied with the use of PPE while assisting childbirth during the COVID-19 pandemic. Two factors affected the compliance of midwives in using PPE Level 2 were 1) Factor 1 (experience) consisted of age, length of working, and attitude, 2) Factor 2 (knowledge) consisted of education and knowledgeConclusion: It is expected that in providing delivery assistance, midwives always use personal protective equipment as a preventive effort.


A numerical model which is based on the hyperbolic two-step model is developed to investigate the microscopic energy transport in silicon thin films during ultra-fast laser heating.It is observed that,electrons dominate energy transport within a few picoseconds.The coupling processes between electrons and phonons are non-local due to the ballistic transport of electrons,and the coupling coefficient is found to be much more strongly dependent on electron temperature than lattice temperature.The speed of heat wave propagation is the same magnitude as that of the electron energy transport.Predictions from the numerical model agree with available experimental data during ultra-fast laser heating.


Catamenial  pneumothorax  is  defined  as  2  episodes  of  pneumothorax  temporally  related  to  the  onset  of menses, usually within 72 hours. The most common symptoms associated with catamenial pneumothorax are shortness of breath, cough, and pleurisy, with 40% having only chest pain. Catamenial pneumothorax is generally  considered  the  most  frequent  presentation  of  thoracic  endometriosis  syndrome,  although histological findings of endometriosis during surgery are rare. Catamenial pneumothorax aetiology is most likely  to  be  multifactor  in  origin  involving  a  combination  of  different  mechanisms.  A  multidisciplinary approach of combined VATS and traditional laparoscopy optimally addresses pelvic, diaphragmatic, and thoracic endometriosis in a single operation. Hormonal treatment with GnRH agonist for six months seems to be effective in enhancing surgical results. Ως καταμήνιος πνeυμοθώρακας ορίζeται η παρουσία και καταγραφή δύο τουλάχιστον eπeισοδίων ήπιου αυτόματου  πνeυμοθώρακα  που  eπισυμβαίνeι  μέσα  σe  72  ώρeς  από  την  έναρξη  της  eμμήνου  ρύσeως. Συνηθέστeρα συμπτώματα του καταμήνιου πνeυμοθώρακα eίναι η δύσπνοια, ο βήχας ,το πλeυριτικό άλγος και σe ποσοστό 40% ο θωρακικός πόνος. Ο καταμήνιος πνeυμοθώρακας θeωρeίται ως η πιό συχνή έκφραση του συνδρόμου της θωρακικής eνδομητρίωσης παρά το γeγονός ότι ιστολογικά eυρήματα eνδομητρίωσης στην  χeιρουργική  παρέμβαση  απαντώνται  σπάνια.  Η  αιτιολογία  του    καταμήνιου  πνeυμοθώρακα  eίναι πολυπαραγοντική και eμπλέκονται συνήθως διαφορeτικοί μηχανισμοί. Η συνδυασμένη προσέγγιση  VATS  και  παραδοσιακών  λαπαροσκοπικών  τeχνικών  συνιστά  βέλτιστη  αντιμeτώπιση  της  eνδομητρίωσης  της πυέλου,  του  διαφράγματος  και  του  θώρακος.  Η  ορμονοθeραπeία  μe  αγωνιστές  της  GnRH  για  έξι  μήνeς φαίνeται να eνισχύeι αποτeλeσματικά τη χeιρουργική θeραπeία.


> I find the paper well-written, thorough, interesting and enlightening and recommend publication to ACP subject to satisfactory dealing of the following issues: 1. The model ozone mid-latitude anomalies were constructed using the model output... a) The model saves a variety of output files. These include zonal mean fields for all species on the 15th of the month (used in the paper). There is also a file with only a


Malaria is a serious public health problem, this study was aimed at comparing Microscopy and Rapid Diagnostics test in malaria parasite detection in patients in some hospitals in Sokoto, Nigeria. Blood Samples were collected by venipuncture and dispensed into EDTA bottle. Thick blood films were made by adding few drops of anticoagulated blood on a clean glass slides and emulsifying to coin size using a spreader and allowed to air-dry and stained with 10% Geimsa stain for 10 minutes, allowed to air-dry and examined using ×100 objective to confirm the presence of malaria parasites. Of the 100 patients screened, 37% and 24% were positive for malaria using Carestart and SD-Bioline, while 53% were malaria positive by microscopy. Prevalence of malaria parasite by sex was 53.6% and 52.3% in females and males. Malaria prevalence by age was highest among patients aged 11-20, while the lowest prevalence was observed in patients aged 51-60 years. Based on occupation, the prevalence of malaria was highest among unemployed patients 58.5%, followed by 22.6% prevalence of malaria among business men and women. No significant difference was observed in malaria infection by sex, age and occupations P<0.05. The sensitivity and specificity of Carestart and SD-Bioline screening kits were 54.7% and 82.6%, 34.6 and 87.2%. The predictive positive value of Carestart was 78.4% while its negative predictive value was 61.3% in contrast to SD-Bioline with 75% and 54.7% as the positive predictive value and negative predictive value. Rapid diagnostic test are suitable alternatives to microscopy particularly in resources limited rural areas.


A number of recent improvements have been made in the Cyclotron, ECR sources and beam lines. An aluminum oxide wall coating in the AECR source produces more secondary electrons to increase high charge state ion production by 2-4 compared to electron injection. Development of simultaneous multiple frequency ECR heating with 10 and 14 GRz results in two ECR zones and increases the high charge state intensities by a factor of 2-5. The best transmission from the AECR source through the Cyclotron occurs for low energy first harmonic beams, where it varies with intensity from over 25% at low intensity (10 {mu}A injected) to 12% at high intensity (180 {mu}A injected). A double drift buncher was built by adding a second harmonic drift tube after the existing one for 1st harmonic. This has produced up to 40% increase in external beam. New beam lines have been set up for nuclear structure experiments with Gammasphere and laser trapping of radioactive atoms. The new Gammasphere dispersion-compensated beam line transports up to 60% of the beam coming through a collimator at the cyclotron exit to a 3 mm diameter beam spot at the target 50 in downstream. Improvements now under way include a pulsing system for the axial in injection line, a second cryopumping system for the cyclotron, phase width reduction using internal slits and the design of a 3rd generation ECR source.


Commentary on: Lin FR, Yaffe K, Xia J, et al. Hearing loss and cognitive decline in older adults. JAMA Intern Med 2013;173:293–9.[OpenUrl][1][CrossRef][2][PubMed][3][Web of Science][4]

As the world's ageing population increases, rates of incident vascular and Alzheimer-type dementias in the USA are projected to nearly triple from their 2010 levels by 2050.1 ARHL is also expected to increase sharply from the 48 million Americans who currently suffer from hearing loss.2 Demonstrating an independent association of ARHL with cognitive impairment and resultant dementia, as Lin and colleagues …

 [1]: {openurl}?query=rft.jtitle%253DJAMA%2BIntern%2BMed%26rft.volume%253D173%26rft.spage%253D293%26rft_id%253Dinfo%253Adoi%252F10.1001%252Fjamainternmed.2013.1868%26rft_id%253Dinfo%253Apmid%252F23337978%26rft.genre%253Darticle%26rft_val_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Ajournal%26ctx_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ctx_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Actx
 [2]: /lookup/external-ref?access_num=10.1001/jamainternmed.2013.1868&link_type=DOI
 [3]: /lookup/external-ref?access_num=23337978&link_type=MED&atom=%2Febnurs%2F17%2F2%2F60.atom
 [4]: /lookup/external-ref?access_num=000319610400009&link_type=ISI


Background: The Chronic Care Model (CCM) is widely accepted as the universal operational framework for health systems to address the increasing chronic disease burden. According CCM chronic diseases are defined very broadly to include any conditions that request ongoing activities and response from patient, personal caregivers, as well as response from medical care system. Starting point of chronic disease management in our country is an Order of Ministry of Health with a list of diseases according International Classification of Diseases, revision X (ICDX) and patients with any of these diseases should be under dispanserization. This article discusses which aspects of chronic diseases, affecting the organization of medical care, are not taken into consideration in the current rules for chronically ill patients. Method: A qualitative approach was taken using focus groups as the data collection method. Results: The participants identified the need to be considered more clear, extended and comprehensive criteria to include chronic conditions for dispanserization. These criteria should be flexible, and take into account the unpredictability of the course of the disease and its individual severity, patient`s social situation, multimorbidity, goals of therapeutic approaches, including health promotion.Conclusion: The results present current situation and add new ideas how different aspects of chronic disease affect the organization of medical care. They should be evaluated as a sensitive indicator of the need to reconsider the whole process of inclusion and care for patients with chronic conditions.


Thermal equilibrium properties are calculated for a cylindrical, pure electron plasma confined radially by a uniform axial magnetic field B0ez. In the weak coupling approximation (e2/ne−1/3 ≪kBTe), the one‐particle thermal equilibrium distribution function is feq(H,Pθ)=const.. ×exp{−(H‐ωrPθ)/ kBTe}, where H is the energy, Pθ is the canonical angular momentum, Te is the temperature, and ωr is the equilibrium angular rotation velocity of an electron fluid element. The self‐consistent equilibrium density profile neq(r)=Fd3p feq is characterized over a wide range of values of the on‐axis electron density (ne), electron temperature (Te), and confining field strength (BO).Closed analytical expressions are derived for the mean‐square radius 〈r2〉eq of the plasma column and the angular rotation velocity ωr, expressed in terms of the nonlinear conservation constraints, Ne=∫d2x∫d3p Pθfe(x, p, t)=const. and 〈Pθ〉=Ne−1∫d2x∫d3p Pθfe(x,p,t)=const., which correspond to the total number of electrons per unit axial length...


Lifetime predictions of lead-free solder joints remain a challenging task in assuring reliability of electronic packaging. Due to the complex interaction of a wide range of as-soldered microstructures, strong an isotropic properties and a failure mechanism that is not completely understood, life time predictions of SnAgCu solder joints remain a challenging task.In this work, we present experimental findings of transgranular crack propagation of SnAgCu solder joints in thermal cycling. These findings are in contrast with the established picture of a recrystallization-assisted intergranular crack propagation failure mechanism.


We have developed an optimized multiple window liquid scintillation counting technique, combined with internal standardization and spectrum unfolding for the determination of low-level, low-energy beta activity in multilabeled samples containing high-energy impurities. We use a software program or spreadsheet for manipulating the spectral data and reconstructing the distinct spectral contributions for every individual radionuclide and impurity. The most important


The process of utilizing reaction afterheat and purifying produced mixture in producing methane chloride. The process includes the following steps: introducing the high temperature and high pressure methane chloride gas mixture produced into cooling liquid in the reactor into the chilling tower to deposit carbon coke grains, passing the gas mixture through the heat exchange plate inside the tower to countercurrent contact with the tower top sprayed liquid for further eliminating carbon coke grains, leading the gas mixture from the tower bottom to one storage tank via pipeline while depositing and exhausting the solid grains, feeding partial supernatant through the upper part of the storage tank to the downstream rectification section while spraying the rest supernatant in the top of the chilling tower, feeding most of the high temperature and high pressure gas mixture to afterheat boiler to recover heat while condensing into liquid, and leading the liquid into the storage tank.


Quantitative risk assessments based on scientific understandings of a risk issue are often used in managing risk controversies in a policy domain. However, in several areas of risk, particularly in an environment and health domain, managing uncertainties in scientific knowledge is difficult and complex. It is important to understand how the production and use of scientific evidence can be understood as a social process and how scientific evidence may be used in regulatory decision making.

Keywords:

uncertainty;
knowledge;
science;
policy


Lactic acid bacteria have been used for the fermentation of food products since ancient days. It plays an essential role in the production of all dairy products and is involved in the production of many other fermented foods. Isolation and identification of Lactococcus spp. in various milk products reveals the indigenous micro flora of that region. Isolation of such regional strains helps in identification the best isolates which can be utilized for further study. In the present study, the lactic acid bacteria identified from buttermilk sample was Lactococcus spp. The study was successful in isolating and identifying the naturally occurring lactic acid bacteria from buttermilk. From this we can conclude that buttermilk is a good source of lactic acid bacteria.


2-Acetamido-3,4,6-tri-O-benzoyl-2-deoxy-alpha-D-mannopyranosyl hydrogen phosphonate was synthesised and used for the first syntheses of glycosyl phosphosugars containing N-acetylmannosamine residue. The phosphodiesters prepared include ManNAc(alpha)-P-6Man(alpha)Me, an analogue of the fragment of some lysosomal glycoproteins, and ManNAc(alpha)-P-6ManNAc(alpha)Np, a derivative of the fragment of the capsular antigen from Neisseria meningitidis A.


The financial crisis of business has the feature of accumulation,reappearance,occurrence and loss.The imperfect financial crisis structure and unsound internal control are fundamental factors for the financial crisis of business.The shrunk principle business,the increased cost,the heavy loss in the investment,the excess loan,the fund occupied by the important stock holder and the undue assurance are all the factors to create the financial crisis.


ABSTRACT A user-friendly software SolCelSim is introduced for the simulation of the charge transport in a solar cell with an arbitrary number of layers. Various recombination mechanisms, types of transport through internal layer interfaces and conditions at the contacts can be chosen. A wide range of the measurement methods available for the solar cells such as photocurrent-voltage, incident photon-to-current efficiency and impedance spectroscopy can be simulated with SolCelSim. Any parameter of the layers can be swept automatically during the simulation in order to obtain the dependence of the simulation results on the particular parameter values. Import/export buttons for the experimental/simulated data are provided to facilitate comparison between the measurements and simulations. The application provides a convenient entry-point for the experimentally oriented researchers in order to execute the drift-diffusion simulation of their solar cell devices. Furthermore, SolCelSim provides an example of advanced use of Comsol Application Builder in the development of complex Comsol applications with dynamic geometry, import/export and error handling features.


Tuned Mass Dampers are devices which can be assimilated to single-degree-of-freedom systems with a certain amount of moving mass, a natural frequency and a damping ratio intended to be installed on lively structures to reduce the contribution of a certain mode to their response. Once placed on the structure, the movement of the mass damper couples to the structural response and determines its properties as an isolated system becomes challenging. The authors have previously presented a methodology to estimate the natural frequency and damping ratio of an SDOF system installed on a structure and not necessarily tuned to a certain mode. It was based on a transmissibility function and, thus, the moving mass could not be estimated. With this work, the authors go one step further and present a novel procedure to estimate the moving mass value by means of the same transmissibility function and two well selected frequency response functions. The methodology is applied to estimate the properties of a real single-degree-of-freedom system placed on a lively timber platform. The results are compared with the mass modification technique to show that the proposed methodology provides better estimations in a more efficient way.


Sovereign Immunity — Foreign States — Contracts for construction of buildings to house American officials in France — Dispute between French contractor and United States Foreign Buildings Operation Department — Whether Department entitled to jurisdictional immunity — Acts iure imperii and iure gestionis — The law of France


This paper presents a new data path synthesis algorithm which solves two important design problems: scheduling and allocation with power minimization as a key design objective. Based on the observations found in prior work on synthesis for low power we derive an integer programming formulation for solving the problem. We then develop a stepwise approximation algorithm utilizing the formulation to carry out the scheduling and allocation in an integrated fashion. Our experimentation results show that the algorithm is quite effective, producing designs with significant savings in power consumption.


Specific immunofluorescence staining for AFP of the rat yolk sac showed that the synthesis was confined to the visceral layer of the yolk sac endoderm. The AFP synthesis took place not only in the extraplacental yolk sac as demonstrated by Gitlin in 1967, but also in the endodermal sinus structures within the placenta. No immunofluorescence staining was found of Reichert's membrane close to the parietal layer of the yolk sac. These findings are in accordance with the earlier demonstrated AFP synthesis in the visceral layer of the endodermal sinus structures in the tumors.


A two-step design of critical control systems is proposed based on the principle matching. The plant is assumed to be a non-minimum phase system. The controller structure is chosen as a Davison type integral controller with an observer. In the first step, a critical control system is designed on the assumption that the state of the minimum phase part can be used for the feedback. A quadratic performance index with tunable parameters is used as a tool for determining the partial state feedback gain matrix. The second step determines the observer gain matrix such that the output feedback controller performs as in the partial state feedback controller obtained in the first step. The formal partial LTR procedure using a Riccati equation is adopted for this purpose. The numerical search required in each step is simpler compared with the conventional approach based on the principle of matching. An illustrative design example is presented.


.............................................................................................................................. ii Acknowledgements ............................................................................................................ iii List of Figures ................................................................................................................... vii CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION .............................................................................. 8 CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW ............................................................... 12 Working Memory Model ......................................................................................12 Cognitive approaches to working memory ....................................................... 12 Physiological Approaches to working memory ................................................ 14 Our approach to working memory .................................................................... 17 Paradigm ................................................................................................................. 17 Delayed response tasks and oculomotor delayed response tasks ...................... 17 Networks Involved in Working Memory ............................................................. 19 Prefrontal cortex ................................................................................................ 19 Parietal cortex .................................................................................................... 22 Electroencephalography and Event-Related Potentials ...................................... 23 Components and slow waves ............................................................................ 26 Oscillatory activity during working memory .................................................... 27 Alpha band activity ........................................................................................... 29 Wavelet transform and time frequency analysis ............................................... 31 The Present Study ................................................................................................... 33 Purpose and rationale ........................................................................................ 33 Research questions and hypothesis ................................................................... 35


This dissertation aims to present the safe management of shipping companies and ships through the perspective of the International Maritime Organization (IMO) and in particular the International Safe Management Code (ISM CODE). Through
the recording of the requirements-chapters of the code, an effort will be made for a deeper understanding of its meaning and the way in which it can be applied. With IMO and its conventions dominating maritime safety, the protection of human life, the environment and property from the dangers posed by maritime activity, prevention takes entirely other dimensions in the shipping sector. With the incorporation of the code into the International Convention SOLAS (Safety Of Life At Sea) and its mandatory observance from 1 July 1998, the global shipping community has turned its sites on it. Shipowners have spent huge sums
of money to implement ISM and to be certified accordingly by the shipping organizations that issue the certificates of conformity, which in term must meet all necessary conditions to carry out all the steps to carry out all the steps of the certification process with credibility. On the grounds of introducing the code for the reduction of human error that was the cause of major maritime accidents, every shipping company is obligated to have its own Safe Management System – SMS and to be able to act immediately in case of emergency. Of particular interest is also the relationship f various bodies with the ISM Code. In addition to classification societies, P&I Clubs (Protections & Indemnity Clubs) and Port State Control – PSC are directly and indirectly associated with the
implementation and compliance of the Code. Through the analysis of both the Code and the statistics from organizations related
to it, the conclusion emerges as to whether the objectives for the safe of management of shipping companies and ships have been fully achieved and how successful they are.


A scientist who claims to have lost a job offer because of online comments on the website PubPeer questioning his research has threatened, through his lawyer, to sue the anonymous commentators and may subpoena the website to discover their identities, his lawyer has said.

Fazlul Sarkar, a cancer researcher at Wayne State University in Detroit, said that an offer of a tenured position at the University of Mississippi Medical Center, paying $350 000 (£215 000; €275 000) a year, was withdrawn at the last moment and that a letter informing him of the decision specifically mentioned the concerns raised on PubPeer, a website that calls itself "the online journal …


The present invention relates to a process for integrally injection molding a multi-pattern film in various ways advanced the internal and external appearance of the plastic of the car in the injection mold. The invention as by creating a design line in regular intervals in the front product in manufacturing automobile interior and exterior plastic and injection insert the two films having different patterns on the basis of the design line in the injection mold, building design of a variety of pattern to promote the quality, sophistication of being able to meet the requirements for the design diversity of consumers, as well as automotive interior and exterior products Meanwhile, the way to the end of the with resin through-hole for a solid adhesion between film film extending a predetermined length, by applying such method placing a vacuum on the mold to ensure accurate seating of the film, to obtain a high quality product at the same time capable of reducing the defect rate of the products and, especially with respect to the film made to secure a margin in the film size since, in the multi-pattern film that can significantly reduce the defect rate in the manufacture film It provides an injection molding method. Automotive interior and exterior plastic products, surface decoration, the multi-pattern film, insert injection molding


This report contains the graduation project for the master 'Design for Interaction' of the Faculty of Industrial Design Engineering at the Technical University of Delft. The project was conducted for the foundation 'Masters that Matter', which aims to solve todays' societal problems through design. The problem tackled in this project is the excessive household waste we are dealing with nowadays. 'Since 1950 the amount of household waste has multiplied by four' (Compendium voor de leefomgeving). To understand how this problem came into being three research questions were answered through literature, desktop and user research. 1.How come the amount of household waste has multiplied by four since 1950? 2.Which household waste stream is most promising to tackle? 3.What do people throw away and why? Answering these research questions resulted in insights that determined the project's focus. We are distanced form the products in our lives; we don't know were they are coming from, how they are made and who made them for us. This results in a lack of involvement and therefor a lack of respect. As well the benefits presented to us to decrease our discarding behavior are rational and functional benefits; they are weak benefits that hardly influence our behavior. If reducing discarding were emotionally more beneficial, it would be causing a higher impact on our behavior. The most promising household waste stream is food waste because of its high environmental impact, its quantity and the power of households to make a change. Therefor the project's focus became creating involvement with food to reduce household food wasting behavior. This evolved to the design statement: "I want to create involvement with the circular food chain to evoke personal stories behind the food, to make food more present in people's life" Out of this statement, the 'Trap & Hap' concept evolved. 'Trap & Hap' is a service that offers a fun day out with family or friends by providing personalized cycling tours that guide people to local food producers to experience how their food is made. At the same time they can pick up fresh local ingredients for a home made dish. 'Trap & Hap' increases the involvement with food by letting people experience how their food is made. Meeting the producer personally increases the emotional involvement. This increase in involvement results in more respect for the food people received and will finally result in a decrease in the food wasting behavior.


Solving the world's energy conundrum - satisfying the growing global energy appetite affordably and safely - is a great mission for our age. Achieving this without creating bigger problems in the process will not be easy, fast or cheap. Politicians are wrong to submit this to short-term thinking or an election cycle; energy policy will only benefit from an honest, rigourous and long-term approach.


THE rapid growth of social legislation during the past quarter of a -L century has thrown upon local authorities such a large volume of work that the great temptation, especially in an industrial borough, is to carry out the work required by each successive legislative measure as a separate entity rather than as part and parcel of a definite social scheme. The advance has been so rapid that it has been very difficult for even the most progressive authorities so to co-ordinate their efforts that all their


Because the traditional concept of social learning has faced significant criticism in recent years, more analytical work is required to back the claim that the lessons drawn from existing institutional legacies can truly impact policy outcomes. Grounded in the historical institutionalist literature, this article formulates an amended concept of social learning through the analysis of the relationship between finance, social learning, and institutional legacies in the 1990s debate over the reform of earnings-related pension schemes in the United States and Canada. The article shows how social learning related to specific ideological assumptions and policy legacies in the public and the private sectors has affected policymaking processes. At the theoretical level, this contribution stresses the political construction of learning processes, which is distinct from the technocratic model featured in the traditional literature on social learning. This article also distinguishes between high- and low-profile social learning while emphasizing the impact of private policy legacies on learning processes.


The inductive wireless power transfer system (IWPT) for electric vehicle battery charging works based on the principle of mutual induction (MI). The amount of power transfer from source to vehicle battery be contingent on the mutual inductance (MI) within the inductively coupled pads. This mutual inductance depends on the type of the inductive power pads, the distance among them, their positioning etc. This paper develops and study the inductive coupling characteristics of identical spiral circular and square inductive power pads. The coupling characteristics at various misalignments with different vertical distance between the coils is presented. In this work, the inductive power pads without using ferrite bars, and with ferrite bars are considered. The coupling characteristics of the spiral circular and square are computed using FEM simulations and validated with experimental results. This paper also investigated the power loss and efficiency analysis of the spiral inductive pads of the resonant IWPT system.


Classifying 3D models into classes is an important step in 3D model retrieval process. However, most classification system does not include semantic information. In this paper, a new method has been proposed to classify and to retrieve 3D model using semantic concepts and ontology. First, we use the machine learning methods to label 3D models by k-means algorithm in shape indexes space. Second, classification of 3D models into classes based on semantic annotation is applied. Finally, ontology is constructed with instances for each class, which contain spatial relationships, shape indexes and measures. Therefore, the 3D model retrieval system is comprised of lowlevel and high-level visual features. We interpret our results using the Princeton Shape Benchmark Database and our prototypical 3D Model Search System (3DMSS). The results show the performance of the proposed new approach to classify and to retrieve 3D models.


Literature from several phases of the career of Masahisa Fujita is surveyed chronologically, with a view toward future contributions in these areas. First we address the economic structure of the interior of a city with mobile consumers, adding production. Next we provide a critical discussion of the New Economic Geography, in particular distinguishing between recent approaches employing two regions and more than two regions, both in theory and in application to data. Finally, we discuss knowledge creation in groups and briefly touch on his current work in artificial intelligence.


The newly-emerged females of the anautogenous blackfly, Simulium (Wilhelmia) takahasii (Rubtsov), were allowed to mate, feed on human blood and oviposit in the laboratory with an attempt to complete the multiple gonotrophic cycles. As a result, 85 of 87 inseminated flies which were fed on the blood and maintained at various constant temperatures (12°C to 28°C) oviposited, and the duration from blood feeding to oviposition tended to shorten with an increase of maintaining temperatures (i.e. median length, from 5.5 days at 12°C to 1.9 days at 26°C). The gap in time from the completion of oocyte development to oviposition gradually widened as the temperature lowered. Out of 85 flies ovipositing the first batch ofeggs, 20 were fully fed on the second blood within 17 hours, and subsequently deposited eggs. Moreover, 3 of these 20 flies took the third blood and 2 of them oviposited. The lengths ofduration from blood feeding to oviposition in the second and third gonotrophic cycles were 1.17 and 1.40 times as long as that in the first cycle, respectively. The mean number of eggs matured per fly reduced in the second and third gonotrophic cycles, as compared to that in the first. A single insemination has proved to enable this blackfly to produce fertile eggs at least over the first 3 gonotrophic cycles.


The innovative design of the Scottish Parliament represents a new Scotland rather than a symbol of power overlooking its people. The organic shapes of the Scottish Parliament landscape reflect the concept of sitting "into the land" and provide its people a safer public space to assemble. Although the designer of Scottish Parliament is Spanish Enric Miralles, Scots deem it to be the pride of Scotland.


A new mechanism of laser acceleration of charged particles is investigated in detail. Upon irradiation by tightly focused high-intensity ultrashort laser pulses, the acceleration of electrons travelling along the laser beam axis is determined by the longitudinal ponderomotive force and the longitudinal component of the electric field of the laser wave. It is found that the action of the longitudinal field on an electron may be unidirectional during many optical cycles, i.e., the phase slip effect is overcome. Lasers with currently highest possible parameters are shown to enable electron acceleration up to energies ε ∼ 1 GeV, which is comparable to the energies attainable on `large' accelerators of the SLAC type (ε ∼ 30 — 50 GeV). Unlike the schemes considered in the literature, the acceleration in this case is insensitive to the initial field phase (the effect of electron bunching is absent), it is possible to accelerate slow (nonrelativistic) electrons, and the problem of accelerated electron extraction from the field does not exist.


This executive order by Governor Richard W. Riley orders the activation of National Guard troops to aid the State Law Enforcement Division in providing security for the National Governors' Association meeting at Hilton Head.


One sought to compare surface cooling produced by two cryotherapy modalities (crushed ice in a room temperature wet towel and Liquid IceTM). Twenty-five university students (10 female and 15 male) between 19 and 29 years of age (mean±SD: 21.36±2.33) participated in this study. Skin surface temperature was measured prior to, immediately after 20-minute application, and 20-minute postapplication of the cryotherapy modality using an infrared camera. Both cryotherapy modalities decreased the baseline skin surface temperature (crushed ice: 28.6±1.3 to 6.8±1.8°C; Liquid IceTM: 28.6±1.6 to 25.2±1.56°C; p<0.001). Similarly, at 20 minutes postapplication of both cryotherapy modalities the skin surface temperature remained significantly inferior to baseline (crushed ice: 21.8±1.0°C; Liquid IceTM: 27.4±1.6°C; p<0.001). The magnitude of the decrease was greater after the application of crushed ice in a room temperature wet towel than Liquid IceTM, both immediately after application (temperature fall: 21.8±1.6°C versus 3.4±0.7°C; p<0.001) and 20 minutes postapplication (temperature fall: 6.8±0.8°C versus 1.2±0.6°C; p<0.001). Assuming that greater cooling seems to be better, the present results suggest that: 1) a 20-minute application of crushed ice in a room temperature wet towel is more effective at cooling skin temperature than evaporative cooling menthol-based products and 2) Liquid IceTM is not a clinically useful modality.


Rare minerals represented by oxides, fluorides, F-carbonates and REE arsenates associated with monazite-Ce, monazite-Th, xenothym-Y and REE zonal fluorite were identified in rare-metal ores of the Sn-W deposits of the Malyi Khingan in Priamurye. Rare lanthanide minerals are described, such as fluocerite, bastnesite, gasparite-Ce, first found in Russia in Sn-W greisens, and chernovite-Y, which is the second find in the greisens of the Russian Far East. The processes of sequential replacement of xenothyme-Y and monazite-Ce by arsenic fluids in the late hydrothermal stage with the formation of various REE minerals with different lanthanide ratios are shown, and the difference is revealed in their chemical composition from that of the previously described similar minerals in other deposits of the world. Due to the different valence of arsenic and the unlimited isomorphism of rare earths, arsenates can be used as indicators of redox conditions of their deposition.


Conventional photo retrieval approaches were inefficient to find significant photos in ground-based monitoring using a large amount of photos taken after The Great East Japan Earthquake.Therefore,we focused on a new photo retrieval methodology improve the efficiency in a disaster monitoring.Our methodology is consisted of a photo geocoding using GPS and magnetic sensor data, geospatial arrangement of geocoded photos, and georeference rectification based on Scale-Invariant Feature Transform.Moreover,we have confirmed that our methodology can facilitate control and browsing of geocoded photos.


Copper-oxo clusters have been of great interest due to their fascinating structures and potential applications. However, it was difficult for conjugated macromolecules to construct copper clusters by conventional solvent method...


In 2013, the concept of "Great wisdom moving Cloud" was first proposed at the China Internet Conference. Under the national technology innovation strategy, Dazhiyun has gradually become a powerful technology engine for economic development and enterprise transformation and upgrading. With the advent of the era of "big wisdom moving cloud", the traditional enterprise cost management has been unable to meet the current financial management requirements, how to form a cost leading advantage has become the core task of cost management. Big data, artificial intelligence, cloud computing, Internet of Things and other related technologies provide technical support for enterprise cost management innovation. However, under the background of "big wisdom moving to cloud", there are still many shortcomings in enterprise cost control, such as backward cost management concept, backward related supporting system, lack of professional talent quality, data collection distortion, etc. Enterprises should take the initiative to introduce information technology. To develop in the direction of technological innovation and management innovation, reduce costs and increase efficiency.


: The Itoigawa Station North Area conflagration which broke out on December 22 , 2016 spread over down town Itoigawa because of a fierce south wind and burnt down the traditional and precious streetscape. The fire spread from the origin of the fire to the north according to the wind direction until the National Route 8 and the Sea of Japan prevented the fire spreading. The congestion of houses had intensified in the fire-devastated area with little unoccupied space. Trees such as garden tree and forest were also damaged. However, in devastated areas including those by the Great Kanto earthquake down to the Great Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake and the Great East Japan Earthquake, few records have remained about the existence and conditions of trees damaged together with towns and it commonly takes place to cut down most of those trees in the process of restoration. Therefore, in this study, it was investigated the conditions of trees in the devastated areas. As a result, total 354 trees were remaining in the burnt-out districts, and the actual condition of remaining trees was grasped, such as the damage is relatively small for trees with low those height.


The lack or insufficiency of administrative planning in line with the inherent logic of socialist market economy leads to the enormous inertia of original planned economic system.Study of administrative planning under the conditions of socialist market economy and protection of corresponding rights and interests is in agreement with the development of practice and theory of China's administration,from which it is concluded that the planning in China's socialist market economy the origin of China's administrative planning theory and that labor's interests is the fundamental principle of China's administrative planning.