Objective Explore heparinized plasma for emergency biochemical tests of viability and cause analysis.Methods Retrospectively analyzed the 50 cases of patients in emergency in my hospital from 2011 July to 2012 July.According to conventional methods,extract blood 4mL for Per person.2mL blood without anticoagulant as a control tube and 2mL blood containing heparin anticoagulant as a experiments tube.While the two tubes isolate serum,plasma,using the OLYMPUS AU640 automatic biochemical analyzer to analy.Simultaneous determine 15 emergency biochemical indicators of 50 cases of emergency patients with heparin plasma and serum.Each measurement repeated three times and averaged to compare.Results For the statistical analysis,the result of sodium,chloride,calcium,magnesium,glucose,urea,creatinine,alanine aminotransferase,aspartate aminotransferase,creatine kinase,uric acid and so on 11 biochemical indicators showed no significant difference(P0.05).But the results of the 4 biochemical indicators such as potassium,phosphorus,carbon dioxide,and total protein were significant differences(P0.05).Conclusion The anticoagulant ability of sodium heparin is strong and it is difficult to hemolysis.It also can reduce placement error,and the separated plasma is fairly fast.And most of the biochemical indices is the same as serum.therefore sodium heparin anticoagulant plasma can replace serum as a specimen for the determination of most of the clinical and biochemical projects,especially for emergency biochemistry project determination.However,projects such as potassium,phosphorus,carbon dioxide,and total protein should be based on clinical to make adjustments.


Cardiac gene therapy is one of the most promising approaches to cure patients with cardiac dysfunctions. Many ways of efficient gene transfer using viral vectors are tested, and some of them are already used in clinical settings. However, it is always important to be keenly alert to the possible complications when a new therapy is introduced. We present a case of myocardial sterile abscess in a swine model associated with a direct myocardial injection.


Polyamid 6, T was conducted the pyrolysis under the temperature of 500 ℃. Twenty one kinds of the pyrolytical products of the polyamid 6,T were detected by pyrolysis gas chromatography mass spectrometry (Py GC/MS). The result showed that the pyrolytical products are mainly composed of benzonitrile, 1,4 benzenedicarbonitrile, N alkyl benzamide, N alkenyl benzamide, N alkyl 4 cyano benzamide and N alkenyl 4 cyano benzamide. The bond rupoure occured on the amido bond and the link between phenyl and amido. It provided a useful method for identifying polymer materials.


Abstract. The risk of flooding around the world is large and increasing, yet in many
areas there is still a difficulty in engaging the public with their own
flood risk. Geomorphology is a science that is linked to flooding and can
exacerbate risks, but awareness of the science with the public is low and
declining within academia. To increase awareness, it is important to engage
the public directly with the science and those who are working to reduce
flood risks – this starts by inspiring people to seek out further
information through positive experiences of the science and researchers.
Here, a new design model is presented to engage the public with specific
research projects by using useful components offered by the popular mediums
of games, virtual reality (VR), and science festivals to allow the public to get
"hands on" with research data and models: SeriousGeoGames. A
SeriousGeoGames activity, Flash Flood!, was developed around real geomorphology survey data to help
engage the public with a flood-risk-related research project by placing them
in a river valley as it undergoes a geomorphically active flooding from an
intense rainfall event. Flash Flood! was exhibited at two science-focussed events, and
formal evaluation was captured using a short questionnaire, finding that the
majority of audience had a positive interaction (95.1 %) and wanted to
know more about flooding (68.0 %) and geomorphology (60.1 %). It is
hoped these interactions will increase the likelihood that future
engagements with relevant agencies will be more fruitful, especially when it
matters most.


Hematoxylin is a naturally occurring chemical used as the basis of a dye stuff. The hydrolyzed collagen is the main composition which constitutes leather. In order to use the hematoxylin in leather dying, the hydrolyzed collagen was used as simulacrum,and the hematoxylin reacting with hydrolyzed collagen modified by metal ions was investigated by the UV and fluorescence spectroscopy, the results showed that in different pH the same metal ion had different react ability with hematoxylin, the hematoxylin had small change in acidity range and great change in alkalescence rang. The complexion characteristics of different metal ions with hematoxylin was different.


lack dot is an important disease of potato that affects all plant parts. The disease was observed for the first time at Salhiya and Abo Swair locations in potato fields irrigated with pivot system during 2009/2010 season. Therefore, this study was initiated to investigate the ability of black dot disease to develop and spread on potato plants grown under Egyptian field conditions. Six fungal isolates were identified as Colletotrichum coccodes ((Wallr.) S. Hughes), obtained from two locations in Ismailia Governorate. Pathogenicity tests with the six isolates indicate that isolate CCS-3 was the most virulent one, recorded 100 % wilt of potato plants, while isolate CCA-3 was the weakest one recorded 50.4%. The virulent isolate CCS-3 showed the highest number of sclerotia compared with other isolates. The optimum growth temperature for C. coccodes isolates was 30 o C. At low temperatures (5 to 10 °C), the fungal growth was very limited after 8 to 14 days of incubation. Number of acervuli or sclerotia was observed during the first 8 days of incubations at 5, 10, 15 and 20°C. Abundant acervuli and sclerotia were formed during 20-30 days after incubation at 15 to 20 °C. The sensitivity of C. coccodes to eight fungicides in vitro revealed that the fungicides Octave WP, Euparen M50% and Switch M were the most effective ones as no fungal growth was observed at all tested concentrations. The survival percentage of C. coccodes sclerotia decreased above soil surface as compared to those burred below soil surface at 10 and 20 cm depth during June 2010 till June 2011. The obtained results indicate that sclerotium was able to survive in soil for at least one year. This is the first report of black dot disease caused by C. coccodes in Egypt. of plants report the results of the pathogenicity tests on potato seedlings inoculated by C. coccodes . Effect of different fungicidal and different temperature degrees on the in vitro radial growth of C. coccodes, studied. of C. coccodes in infected potato


The invention relates to an anti-disengaging device for connection between a drive cylinder and a sideway-drawn inclined wedge. The anti-disengaging device comprises the sideway-drawn inclined wedge, a clamping plate, a connecting block, the drive cylinder and a drive cylinder piston rod. The sideway-drawn inclined wedge and the clamping plate are fixedly connected. The connecting block and the drive cylinder piston rod are matched through threads. The connecting end of the sideway-drawn inclined wedge and the clamping plate is provided with a T-shaped boss. A groove is formed in the clamping plate. The transverse edge of the T-shaped boss and one end of the connecting block are arranged in the groove. The anti-disengaging device effectively solves the problem that the drive cylinder and the sideway-drawn inclined wedge are disengaged in the moving process, and safe and stable work of the sideway-drawn inclined wedge and the drive cylinder is ensured.


In order to investigate into the impact of paramagnets on the result of nuclear magnetic resonance in igneous reservoirs, 7 artificial cores with paramagnets and 60 actual igneous cores had been chosen for nuclear magnetic resonance measurements. The effects of nuclear magnetic resonance consequence by means of the contents of paramagnets and different TE were analyzed. The research illustrated that paramagnets could reduce the T2 of fluids in nuclear magnetic resonance measurement, thus causing the NMR porosity to be lower. Furthermore, the deviation of porosity was distinct because of the different contents in different lithologic igneous rocks. And when the content of paramagnets surpassed 6%, the porosity was nearly 0.


Cascaded delta-sigma (MASH) converters offer a good compromise between high accuracy, robust stability and speed. However, they are very sensitive to analog circuit imperfections. This paper presents an improved adaptive on-line digital compensation of these errors. Behavioral and circuit-level simulations have confirmed an achievable 13 bit performance and 6 MHz bandwidth for the proposed ADC.


The Sri Lanka Administrative Service (SLAS) is the main administrative service of the Sri Lankan Government, with civil servants engaged both in the Central Government as well as in the provincial councils. Purpose of this research was to identify the factors affecting Job Satisfaction of Grade III officers of Sri Lanka Administrative Service (SLAS) and to identify the level of satisfaction. Primary Data were gathered using a structured questionnaire and structured interviews. The data were summarized using descriptive statistics. Through correlation and regression analysis the factors affecting Job Satisfaction of Grade III officers of SLAS were identified. Findings revealed that demographic variables and Pay, Promotion, Supervision, Fringe Benefits and Contingent Rewards are the determinants of Job Satisfaction of the target population. Further it was suggested that increasing the Base Pay, introducing a performance based promotion scheme, fair distribution of training opportunities and granting transport facilities will increase the level of Job Satisfaction.


City culture and city image are the internal and external driving forces of city development.Using media effectively to transmit city culture and improve city overall image is an important measure to promote the development and build soft power of the city.With the strategic support of culture invigorating the province,the culture and image of Henan province has been promoted greatly.However,with the rich historical and cultural resources in Henan,there are still some rooms for improvement.Henan is regarded as the core strength of the central pains economic zone construction.To create the cultural brand series with the background of "Great Central Plains",it is necessary to cultivate a cultural industry core-area,which places Henan as a regional cultural center,and take the regional and cultural linkage strategy.Building the linkage platform relies on adequate and reasonable media transmission.


One kind of oil separator for blow-by gas, is suitable for a cylinder head cover is formed in a funnel to cause blow-by gas in the inner circumference of the oil is led to the funnel by a centrifugal force along the tubing so as to lead the oil separated from the crankcase blow-by gas forced ventilation valve.


Introduction: Endoscopic surveillance of the transplanted intestine is essential for early diagnosis and successful management of graft rejection. End ileostomies are easy to survey, but patients often have high output leading to renal impairment and electrolyte disturbance. Increasingly colon inclusion has become standard of care but endoscopy via an end colostomy can be difficult and lead to failure to access the terminal ileum. In addition a standard loop ileostomy proximal to a transplanted colon does not take advantage of the fluid balance advantages conferred by colon inclusion. In 2017, we started to use a Bishop Koop anastomosis proximal to an anastomosis between transplanted and native colon. Methods: This is a retrospective review of a prospectively held database of all intestinal-containing grafts from 2017. Results: Since 2017, 10/20 transplants have included a Bishop-Koop stoma. In the 10 patients who did not have Bishop Koop stomas this was as a consequence of either concerns regarding the native colon at transplant (2 patients) or recipient pathology that rendered distal continuity inappropriate or technically impossible (pan proctocolectomy, ileal pouch). Endoscopic surveillance was quicker and more comfortable for patients and ileal visualisation was possible in all cases. Two patients have subsequently undergone stoma reversal and this has proven technically easier than with our previous stoma. Conclusion: We describe the use of a Bishop Koop stoma for patients undergoing intestinal transplantation. This has resulted in improved endoscopic surveillance, fluid balance and patient satisfaction compared to our previous use of end colostomies. Stoma reversal with the Bishop Koop is a simpler undertaking. P4.55


Tampere University of Applied Sciences Degree Programme in Environmental Engineering HEISKANEN, MIKKO: Preparing an Environmental Permit Application Case Study for a Small Scale Fish Farm Bachelor's thesis 41 pages, appendices 4 pages May 2013 In 2011, approximately 10 million kg of rainbow trout were farmed in Finland, of which 1,6 million kg were farmed in inland water systems. The eutrophication of water systems caused by fish farming has decreased since the year 2000, mainly due to substituting fish meal with plant based proteins in fishfeed production, as well as the reduced consumption of fishfeed due to improved feeding techniques. The overall production of rainbow trout has also decreased in Finland, excluding Åland, where production has remained stable. Sustainable development of aquaculture to reclaim domestic markets from foreign fish suppliers is part of the strategic plans of the Finnish government. The aim of this thesis was to prepare an environmental permit application for a small scale fish farm, Sampon Lohi, in Joutsa, Finland. During the summer of 2011, it was decided that an environmental permit was necessary operations using more than 2000 kg of fishfeed per year. In the thesis, information on this writer's practical training at Sampon Lohi and a preliminary environmental assessment of its operations are presented, as well as the environmental legislation concerning the permit and the permit application. The main portion of the thesis concentrates on the actual content of the application. Sampon Lohi provides healthy, locally produced food in an environmentally friendly manner, and would most likely be granted the permit if it is applied for. The state of the environment and future of Sampon Lohi are discussed, as well as the necessity and benefits of the environmental permit. The role of local small-scale food producers in an urbanising and cost-efficient Finland is also discussed. The effect of Sampon Lohi on its local rural community and on tourism during summer months is analysed.


number of changes which have taken place in the American educational system as a result of expansion, and have made the plea that a systematic program of reconstruction be substituted for the series of reforms which the accidents of social progress have stimulated. It now becomes our duty to discover, if possible, some of the principles which should guide reorganization. There is an American attitude toward education which is so


T he roster of candidates for the Russian presidency has now been set, and no major surprises have emerged. Although it includes a whole constellation of illustrious names-Mikhail Gorbachev, Vladimir Zhirinovsky, Gennady Zyuganov, Boris Yeltsin, Alexander Lebed, Svyatoslav Fyodorov, and Grigory Yavlinsky-the main competitors, judging from recent polis, are the current Russian president Yeltsin and the leader of the Russian Communists, Zyuganov. The prospecta of the other politicians seem much bleaker, and Gorbachev's virtually nonexistent. Democracy, however, is a game with unpredictable results, and the political process in Russia is extraordinarily dynamic and volatile. Thus it is useful to examine the electoral strategies of the "big five" candidatesVladimir Zhirinovsky, Gennady Zyuganov, Boris Yeltsin, Alexander Lebed, and Grigory Yavlinsky-to evaluate their effectiveness, giving special attention to Yeltsin and Zyuganov. (A separate analysis of Svyatoslav Fyodorov's campaign would be unproductive here, since he considers himself part of a "third force.")


The IGBT can run into different short-circuit types (SC I, SC II, SC III). Especially in SC II and III, an interaction between the gate drive unit and the IGBT takes place. A self-turn-off mechanism after short-circuit turn on can occur. Parasitic elements in the connection between the IGBT and the gate unit as well as asymmetrical wiring of devices connected in parallel are of effect to the short-circuit capability. In high-voltage IGBTs, filament formation can occur at short-circuit condition. Destructive measurements with its failure patterns and short-circuit protection methods are shown.


"Rethinking learning in the digital age" was the theme of EDUsummIT 2017, which was held in Borovets, Bulgaria in September, 2017. Approximately 100 policy makers, practitioners and researchers met to discuss key topics in nine Thematic Working Groups. These topics were: (1) education systems in the digital age: the need for alignment; (2) informal learning with technology; (3) professional development for technology-enhanced learning leaders; (4) digital agency to empower equity in the classroom; (5) formative assessment supported by technology; (6) developing creativity in teachers and learners; (7) learning from national policy experiences;(8) upbringing in a digital world: opportunities and possibilities of schooling, and (9) sustainability and scalability of technology integration initiatives. In this special issue we present the scholarly articles that were written after EDUsummIT 2017, based on discussions within the Thematic Working Groups during the meeting itself. We also present the Call to Action that was consolidated from the closing statements of the nine EDUsummIT 2017 Thematic Working Groups.


An overview on the application of symbolic methodologies in the field of fault diagnosis of analogue circuits has been presented. It is important to remark that in the analogue fault diagnosis two phases can be considered: the first one is the phase of testability analysis, whereas the second one is the phase of fault location. For what concerns the phase of testability analysis, sym bolic approach gives excellent results. For what concerns the phase of fault location, symbolic approach is not the only possible approach [57, 58], because good results can be reached also by using, for example, neural networks or genetic algorithms. However, by having testability analysis as a preliminary step of analogue fault diag nosis, necessary for whatever kind of fault location procedure, the symbolic approach results in any case are very useful and can give a noteworthy contribution to overcome the gap between analogue and digital fields.


Mr. A. M. MuRRAY, casualty surgeon, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, writes: There is a need for a simple, reliable, easily operated, and instantly available suction apparatus as a permanent fitting in ambulance vehicles. I have designed such a system with the use of the vacuum created in the intake manifold of the petrol engine. Through the courtesy and co-operation of the St. Andrew's and Red Cross Scottish Ambulance Service and its senior officers, an ambulance was provided for experimental work. By tapping the manifold and fitting a vacuum tank incorporating a non-return valve to the chassis it was found to be possible to store an efficient working vacuum. Snubber vacuum hose of I in. (1.3 cm.) internal bore, interrupted at the floor of the patient compartment by a simple off/on valve, was used to connect the tank to the suction controller head. The design and fitting of the vehicle components, all of which were standard parts, was carried out by Mr. James Logan, of Messrs. Rossleigh Ltd., Motor Engineers, Glasgow. The suction controller fitted inside the patient compartment of the vehicle (see illustration) was manufactured by Messrs. Edwards High Vacuum Ltd., Crawley, Sussex, to my specifications. This is a simplified version of their standard hospital equipment. The vacuum gauge normally fitted to the controller head was retained. At trials of the apparatus with normal engine running a vacuum of 20 to 24 in. (50 to 60 cm.) Hg was maintained in the storage tank. A vacuum gauge fitted to the instrument panel was found useful for the driver's information and guidance. The valves in the system were fitted to the air-suction lines rather than to the aspiration tubes, in order to avoid their contamination and soiling by aspirate. With the control valves fully open, and using a No. 15 Franklin whistle-tipped catheter as the patient suction tube, it was possible to have effective suction for 50 seconds with the engine switched off; the stored vacuum was exhausted in that time. With the engine running and the valves fully open a constant working vacuum of 10 to 12 in. (25 to 30 cm.) Hg was obtained. This produced a high-flow suction capable of lifting 1 litre of water from the floor of the vehicle into the glass suction container in 15 seconds. Viscid material (K-Y jelly) used to simulate respiratory secretions was also readily evacuated into the suction jar. In a diesel engine, where a readily tapped vacuum is not available, a small standard rotary exhauster driven from the fan-belt is easily fitted and creates an effective vacuum in the storage tank. I believe that general adoption and fitting of such a simple system to ambulances used for emergency work would be of great advantage, and on occasion might well be life-saving. Once fitted, the running cost of this system would be negligible.


In the present work, two metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), chromium benzenedicarboxylates MIL-53 and MIL-101, have been synthesized. A wide range of reaction conditions were explored in order to understand the effects of water concentration and acidity. It was found that MIL-101 is preferentially obtained when the water content is high and the acidity is low. On the contrary, concentrated reactants and high acidity lead to the formation of MIL-53. The steady conversion of MIL-101 into MIL-53 during the reaction, due to the difference in relative stability, was also confirmed. The effect of water may therefore be explained by the increase in reaction rate with increasing concentration of reactants. The MIL-53 is selectively obtained at low water content, because the MIL-101, a transient phase, even if formed initially, may be converted into MIL-53 because of the high reaction rate. Relatively low acidity (a pH of about 3) is beneficial to the synthesis of MIL-101 even though increased MIL-53 yield was expected at low acidity due to the accelerated deprotonation of terephthalic acid. The selective formation of MIL-101 at low acidity is probably because the concentration of a chromium trimer (the chromium species that is essential for the MIL-101 structure) increases with increasing pH. The concentration of the Cr trimer is more important than the concentration of benzenedicarboxylate for the synthesis of MIL-101.


The conversion of R2CHP(X)(NEt2)Cl (R2CH=9-fluorenyl) into R2CHP(X)(NEt2)2via the intermediate R2CP(X)NEt2 (elimination–addition mechanism) is much faster when X=S than when X=O.


The resonance frequency stability of the PZT ceramic elements was studied. It is suggested that the main stabilizing factor is the processes of screening of the spontaneous polarization of crystallites, and the destabilizing one is 90°-domain-orientation.


We estimate the momentum diffusion coefficient of a heavy quark within a pure SU(3) plasma at a temperature of about 1.5Tc. Large-scale Monte Carlo simulations on a series of lattices extending up to 1923×48 permit us to carry out a continuum extrapolation of the so-called color-electric imaginary-time correlator. The extrapolated correlator is analyzed with the help of theoretically motivated models for the corresponding spectral function. Evidence for a nonzero transport coefficient is found and, incorporating systematic uncertainties reflecting model assumptions, we obtain κ=(1.8–3.4)T3. This implies that the "drag coefficient," characterizing the time scale at which heavy quarks adjust to hydrodynamic flow, is η−1D=(1.8–3.4)(Tc/T)2(M/1.5  GeV)  fm/c, where M is the heavy quark kinetic mass. The results apply to bottom and, with somewhat larger systematic uncertainties, to charm quarks.


Objective To investigate the effects of dexmedetomidine on patients undergoing combined hysteroscopy and laparoscopy.Methods Ninety patients undergoing combined hysteroscopy and laparoscopy were randomly divided into control group( C),dexmedetomidine group1( D1) and dexmedetomidine group2( D2),with thirty patients each. Dexmedetomidine 0. 4 μg · kg- 1was injected in each patient in group D1 and D2 intravenously in 10 min by infusing pump after induction of anesthesia,while an equal volume of 0. 9% Na Cl was administered to patients in group C. Peri- operative mean arterial pressure( MAP),heart rate( HR),bispectral index( BIS),operation time,and extubation time were recorded. The intensity of pain was valued using visual analogue scale( VAS) at 2,4,12,24 h after operation. The adverse effects and the usage of analgesic drugs were recorded. Results Hemodynamic parameters were more stable during operation in group D1 and D2 than those in group C,and BIS of group D1 and D2 were lower than that of group C. Extubation time of group D1 was longer than that in group C,while there was no significant difference in extubation time between group D2 and C. Compared with group C,the data of VAS in group D1 and D2 were decreased,with less adverse reaction and usage of analgesic drugs. Conclusion Dexmedetomidine 0. 4 μg · kg- 1injectedintravenously can reduce the doses of drugs for anesthesia maintenance in patients undergoing combined hysteroscopy and laparoscopy,without a prolongation of extubation time,but can release postoperative pain,decrease the incidence of nausea,vomiting and shivering,and will save postoperative analgesics.


This article discusses the new temporary and proposed regulations that will replace the existing rules requiring (i) disclosure by taxpayers of certain reportable transactions and (ii) maintenance by promoters of potentially abusive tax shelters of lists of taxpayers participating in these shelters. The article describes the provisions of the new regulations and highlights the major differences between the new regulations and the current regulations. The article also explores some of the practical implications of the new regulations for taxpayers, tax advisers, and financial intermediaries. Finally, the article considers certain areas of ambiguity in the new regulations and suggests interpretations to resolve them in a manner consistent with the underlying purpose and scheme of the new regulations.


In "Understanding the Developmental Roots of Gender Gaps in Politics," Heck et al. argue that "studying children to understand political inequalities among adults ... is a critical step to achieving gender equality in political leadership." More specifically, they posit that developmental research about gender gaps in STEM can "provide inspiration for a theoretical framework" for understanding the gender gap in women's political representation. There's no question, from our perspective, that political socialization can be an important lens through which to understand political behavior. Indeed, for the last half century, political scientists have provided compelling evidence of the transmission of political attitudes and activism through family, school, and peer associations (Billig, Root, & Jesse, 2005; Campbell, 2008; Fiorina, 1983; Glanville, 1999; Hart, Donnelly, Youniss, & Atkins, 2007; Hillygus, 2005; Jennings, 2007; Jennings, Stoker, & Bowers, 2009; Jennings & Markus, 1984; Jennings & Niemi, 1968; Kirlin, 2003; Lawless & Fox, 2015; Pasek, Feldman, Romer, & Jamieson, 2008; Sapiro, 2004; Stoker & Bass, 2011; Verba, Scholzman, & Burns, 2005). In developing their theoretical framework, however, Heck et al. do not fully consider current political science research or the contemporary political landscape. Certainly, similarities exist between STEM and politics—two traditionally male-dominated fields in which gender role socialization has historically reinforced career segregation. But for at least three reasons—each of which we detail in this piece— exporting lessons from STEM to women's political representation faces limitations.


This paper discusses the principle of combination cam curves and its application in the paper feeder of die_cutting machine. It introduces the fundamentals of a parallel indexing cam design software.


Fish Thunnus albacares were marketed by local fishermen during Febuary to November 2011 from Karachi Fish Harbour. The fishes were collected seasonally spring (February, March), summer (April, May), Monsoon (August), winter (November) for analysis of heavy metals. The highest mean of length (cm) 80.70+0.21 and weight (g) 4587.50+83.45 was measured in winter season. The highest mean concentration of Fe 46.93+13.54 μg/g dry wt. and Mn 5.40+3.06μg/g dry wt. was determined in summer and spring season. The lowest mean of Fe 20.861+ 5.095 μ/g and Mn 4.80+1.41 μg/g dry wt. was recorded in spring and summer seasons also. The maximum level of Zn 29.95+11.41 μg/g dry wt., Cu 7.08+2.64 μg/g dry wt. and Pb 0.54+0.13 μg/g dry wt., was measured in winter season. The lowest mean of Cd 0.15+0.11μg/g dry wt. was determined in spring season. The concentration of metals in fish muscles as follows: Fe>Zn>Cu>Mn>Pb>Cd.


A novel compound was derived by annealing a high-pressure-synthesized sample of Sr2Ca2Cu3Oy at 350 °C for 30 min in air. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and electron energy loss spectroscopy indicated that the composition of Sr, Ca, and Cu was not changed from the original material, and the C-K edge energy-loss near-edge structure was similar to that of CaCO3. Structure analysis revealed that this compound has a primitive tetragonal unit cell with a=3.88(3) and c=14.13(2) Å. It is likely that carbonate is incorporated either from air or secondary-phase grains into the pristine structure and forms the CxSr2Ca2Cu3Oz compound during annealing. Magnetization measurements revealed superconductivity with Tconset=89 K.


Key features of the Mozambican economy are synthesized in this paper based on a new 1995 social accounting matrix. Particular attention is paid to the critical role of home consumption and large marketing margins. The fundamental importance of agricultural development emerges clearly from the analysis in which the multiplier for value added by capital is re-examined. Agriculture has large sectoral multipliers and is generally more effective in the use of scarce capital than industry and services. Commodities with attractive features for the promotion of agriculture in the short to medium term include maize, rice, as well as small-scale livestock and forestry. Copyright 2000 by Blackwell Publishing Ltd


Aerodynamic characteristics of radiator compartment of KhADI 33 racing car on the basis of the decision of the interfaced problem of internal and external aerodynamics are numerically investigated. The rational variant of radiator compartment which is characterized by high throughput and low level of non-uniformity ofspeed field at the input is offered.


For heterogeneous materials such as composites, a large number of material properties are needed. The values of these properties change as a function of the volume fraction of reinforcement. An alternative to the experimental determination of these properties is usage of homogenization techniques. Many analytical techniques of homogenization are based on the equivalent eingestrain method, which considers the problem of a single ellipsoidal inclusion embedded in an infinite elastic medium. The Eshelby solution develops a method, which considers a random distribution of inclusions in an infinite medium. Homogenization of composites with periodic microstructure has been accomplished by using various techniques including an extension of the Eshelby inclusion problem, the Fourier series technioque, and variational principles.


Objective To study the risk factor in over 60 years old patients with recurrent cerebral infarction.Methods According to randomized,parallel-controlled method,patients were divided into cerebral infarction recurrence group and non-recurrence group.The general condition,combined changes and carotid artery plaque characteristics were observed in patients.Results There were no significant differences between the two groups in body weight and drinking alcohol,but patients'blood pressure,blood glucose and blood lipids in the cerebral infarction recurrence group were higher than that in non-recurrence group(P0.05).The carotid artery intima-media thickness(IMT) and the incidence of plaque in the cerebral infarction recurrence group was higher than that in non-recurrence group(P0.05).Conclusion Carotid artery plaque has close relations with old patients with recurrent cerebral infarction.It was important in secondary prevention of ischemic cerebral infarction to control blood pressure,degrade lipids,control blood glucose and stabilize plaque.


The multichannel filter radiometer instrument (MFR) was first flown on a Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) Block 5D series satellite in 1977. Daily analyses of the global distribution of retrieved total ozone are presented for January and February 1979. The temporal and spatial averages and variability of ozone during this period are discussed. Retrieved total column ozone data derived from the MFR measurements for January 1979 are compared with preliminary SBUV measurements and with distributions of total ozone measured between 1958 and 1967.


Many real-world problems can be naturally described by mathematical formulas. The task of finding formulas from a set of observed inputs and outputs is called symbolic regression. Recently, neural networks have been applied to symbolic regression, among which the transformer-based ones seem to be the most promising. After training the transformer on a large number of formulas (in the order of days), the actual inference, i.e., finding a formula for new, unseen data, is very fast (in the order of seconds). This is considerably faster than state-of-the-art evolutionary methods. The main drawback of transformers is that they generate formulas without numerical constants, which have to be optimized separately, so yielding suboptimal results. We propose a transformer-based approach called SymFormer, which predicts the formula by outputting the individual symbols and the corresponding constants simultaneously. This leads to better performance in terms of fitting the available data. In addition, the constants provided by SymFormer serve as a good starting point for subsequent tuning via gradient descent to further improve the performance. We show on a set of benchmarks that SymFormer outperforms two state-of-the-art methods while having faster inference.


A computer program has been written to calculate the radio frequency (RF) electric and magnetic flelds inside a cascaded network of rectangular waveguide junctions. It is based on a mode-matching program developed in JPL's Commu- nications Ground Systems Section. This program has been used to calculate the stored energy in the cavities of the current 32-GHz multiple-cavity maser design, as well as the interaction between the RF magnetic fleld and the ruby spins at the signal and pump frequencies. The maser's performance actually depends upon the interaction between the quantum mechanical spin system in the active maser material and the RF magnetic fleld. The \spins" are the localized magnetic moments associated with the chromium ions in the ruby crystal. Knowledge of the RF magnetic fleld geometry in the cavities is needed to further optimize the design to maximize the maser performance. This knowledge and optimization is needed in the signal frequency range from 31.8 GHz to 32.3 GHz and in the pump frequency range between 65.9 GHz and 66.9 GHz. The same volume of ruby that interacts with the signal frequency RF magnetic fleld must also interact with the pump frequency RF magnetic fleld. The mode-matching program does not normally provide information about the geometry of the RF electromagnetic flelds inside the cavities. Therefore, an algorithm based on mode-matching was developed and is used to calculate RF electric and magnetic flelds within the coupled-cavity maser structure. The algorithm to calculate the RF electric and magnetic flelds within the coupled-cavity maser structure is described in this article, as are some results speciflc to the current 32-GHz MCM.


From the perspective of system optimization we study a two-level supply chain on how to deal with the supply quantity disruption.Initially,we study how to coordinate the supply chain under normal circumstances with revenue sharing contract,and then study the impact caused by supply disruption.In the case of mutations in quantity supplied,how to adjust the original strategy of revenue sharing contract to coordinate the supply chain system based on the former coordination policy,and give the method of calculation of the new revenue sharing strategy policy.Finally show the impact caused by supply quantity disruption in a numerical example.


Chitosan is a most common biopolysaccharide and has been widely used for bio- or medical-materials. In this work, chitosan was prepared in the form of self-supported proton-conducting membranes with a high proton conductivity of 2.3 × 10−3 S cm−1 by protonic acid doping at room temperature. These chitosan-based self-supported membranes were then used as both flexible substrates and gate dielectrics for fabricating paste-type thin-film transistors (TFTs). The feature of these paste-type TFTs is that all the electrodes (gate/source/drain electrodes) and channels are located on the same one side of chitosan dielectric membranes, which is very convenient for TFTs to be transferred and stuck on various places in a wide variety of applications. Due to the huge lateral electric-double-layer (EDL) capacitive coupling induced by spatial movement of protons in chitosan-based proton-conducting membranes, these TFTs showed a low-voltage operation of only 1.5 V with a large field-effect mobility of 20.2 cm2 V−1 s−1. Furthermore, AND logic operation was also demonstrated on these TFTs. Our results indicate these chitosan-based paste-type TFTs have great potential for broadening their applications on wearable electronic products and biocompatible electronics.


The social, economic, and environmental benefits and costs of implementing high-speed ground transportation (HSGT) service could offset some of the investment required for implementation. These potential impacts are called "externalities" or "external benefits and costs" because they are external to the economic market for HSGT service. The methodology framework used to project external benefits and costs of HSGT for the commercial feasibility study under the auspices of the FRA is described. The externalities are defined and classified, and the general approach to estimating externalities and applying the resulting methodologies is discussed. The principles of two key methodologies for estimating reduced delay to airport and highway users from diversions to HSGT are summarized. A quantitative overview of the results is presented for the California, Chicago hub, and Northeast corridors. Social benefits and costs were found to be an important part of the potential benefits of high-speed rail. Except for some low-speed technologies, only the combined public and user benefits exceed costs. The "traditional" time-saving benefits dominate the public benefits, comprising 92 to 98 percent of total public benefit. Environment (emission) benefits went down with rail speed because of proportionately lower diversions from highway and higher diversions from air with higher rail speed. Significant work remains in developing and applying benefit/cost techniques to rail evaluation: procedures for calculation of environmental benefits are the most undeveloped; in general, procedures for rail impact evaluation are not yet standardized and are developed on a case-by-case basis.


Double angle connections are commonly used for the construction of the low-rise steel framed buildings. Several experimental tests lave been conducted to investigate the effect of the number of bolts on the rotational stiffness of a double angle connection. Several parameters are obtained by performing regression analysis. An analytical model has been introduced to calculate the initial stiffness of a double angle connection in this research.


The result of an ion impact on a material is easy to study retrospectively. However, it is difficult to understand the temporal sequence of such processes. A research group at TU Wien has now succeeded in analyzing on a time scale of one femtosecond what happens to the individual particles involved when an ion penetrates materials such as graphene or molybdenum disulphide. A careful analysis of the electrons that are emitted in the process was crucial: They can be used to reconstruct the temporal sequence of the processes—in a way, the measurement becomes an "electron slow-motion." The results have now been published in Physical Review Letters and were selected as an Editors Suggestion.


The Frenzel-Bau Group, in cooperation with Bayer MaterialScience AG and the latter's 100% subsidiary, Hennecke GmbH, has developed an innovative track system called Durflex. Its salient features include its excellent noise-abatement properties and its long service life. The central characteristic of this innovative system is that the cavities between the individual ballast stones are entirely filled with polyurethane (PU) foam. The PU foam holds the ballast stones in place and cushions their movements. In this way, Durflex dampens the structure-borne noise. A further advantage is that the maintenance interval can be extended to a multiple of what is usual for a ballasted railway track.


The successional rule of vegetation and dynamics of soil nutrient elements after 22-years' natural restoration were studied in karst disturbed area in northwest Guangxi,which would promote the degraded ecosystem restoration and reconstruction in northwest Guangxi.The study was employed overall and sample quadrate investigation method and taken the climax community in Mulun Natural Reserve in Huanjiang County as control.The results showed that the diversity lost severely in the disturbed area with only 26.6% species of that in Mulun Natural Reserve.With the succession and development from grass,grass and bushes,bushes,liana and bushes,trees and bushes to the climax community,the community heighty,biomass,plant diversity,soil organic carbon,soil nutrient,cation exchange capacity(CEC),and the content of Si,Fe,Al,and Ti increased gradually.However,the content of Ca and Mg reduced remarkably,the value of pH decreased.All this indicated that the soil quality improved with the vegetation recovery basically but with slight drop in the stage of liana and bushes.


The most important internal net proton production (INP) processes are (a) accumulation of a surplus of inorganic cations over anions in organic matter, (b) net production and protolysis of organic acids, (c) dissociation of carbonic acid from root and decomposer respiration, (d) net nitrification of organic N, (e) uptake of a surplus of deposited NH 4+ over deposited NO 3− or nitrification of deposited NH 4+ , (f) buffering of deposited H + in the canopy and recharging of foliar buffer systems with subsequent H + -release to the soil


Sea surface wind is the main research object in the field of marine meteorology, and it is also one of the main reasons for marine disasters. Accurate sea surface wind forecast data is of great significance for marine disaster detection and early warning. The western North Pacific (WNP) has the greatest number of tropical cyclones of any sea in the world, with typhoons occurring virtually every month, so more accurate wind forecast data for this region is important for coastal residents and seafarers. This paper uses the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts(ECMWF) fine grid forecast data and ERA-5 reanalysis data, and uses the TrajGRU network and the XGBoost algorithm to make rolling corrections to the ECMWF wind forecast in the future 0-120h. The experimental results show that after using the TrajGRU model to correct, the average absolute errors of wind speed and wind direction at all correction moments are reduced by about 10.3% and 4% respectively, which is better than the XGBoost method as a whole. In addition, the TrajGRU model can more accurately correct the regions with large errors in wind speed and wind direction, so that the ECMWF forecast data can be better applied to practice.


We demonstrate how some classical computations of divisor class groups can be obtained using the theory of rational coefficient Weil divisors and related results of Watanabe.


We investigate the problem of doing post mortem fault isolation for concurrent systems using a behavioral model. The aim is to isolate the action that has caused the failure of the system, the root ...


Introduction 1. Defining strategies 2. Implementing the law 3. The failure of reform 4. The law in context Appendix: statutes relating to the poor Notes Select Bibliography Additional bibliographical note Index.


For Atlantic Richfield Hanford Co., Richland, Wash. Research being conducted under the Radionuclides in Soils Program is attempting to predict the distribution and movement of liquid wastes in the heterogeneous subsurface environment of the Hanford Reservation. As part of this program, a transport model is being developed to predict chemical phenomena in soil-waste reactions. This document describes the use of the PERCOL model, which was developed as a simplified one-dimensional precursor to the transport model. PERCOL numerically describes the complex chemical reactions which occur during percolation of a waste solution through a porous media. This User's Manual describes the main program (PERCOL) and two subroutines MEWTIT and DIST) and gives procedures for accessing these programs, inputting data to them and interpreting the output. (auth)


In this study of the U.S. automobile industry, we highlight the way the division of innovative labor across firms in the supply chain can be influenced by a particular form of digital innovation known as "digital control systems." Digital control systems are becoming ubiquitous in complex products, and these digital innovations integrate other components across a product structure and introduce a level of indeterminacy and unpredictability in the organization of the interfirm division of innovative labor. Much of organizational scholarship holds that accompanying a shift toward increasingly modular product structures, component suppliers are engaging in relatively more design and invention around the components that they supply. We find that the evolution of digital controls may reverse this pattern, because in the wake of a major shift in the digital controls technology, suppliers actually engage in relatively less component innovation in comparison with their large manufacturing customers. To explain this shift, we characterize complex product structures in terms of two distinct product hierarchies: the inclusionary and the digital control hierarchy. In using this distinction to analyze the evolution of automotive emission control systems from 1970 to 1998, we reconcile two competing views about the interfirm division of innovative labor.


Elemental sulfur recovery from SO{sub 2}-containing gas stream is highly attractive as it produces a salable product and no waste. However, commercially available schemes are complex and involve multi-stage reactors, such as, most notably in the Resox (reduction of SO{sub 2} with coke) and Claus plant (reaction of SO{sub 2} with H{sub 2}S over catalyst). This project will investigate a cerium oxide catalyst for the single stage selective reduction of SO{sub 2} to elemental sulfur by a reductant, such as carbon monoxide. Cerium oxide has been identified in recent work at MIT as a superior catalyst for SO{sub 2} reduction by CO to elemental sulfur because its high activity and high selectivity to sulfur over COS over a wide temperature range (400-650{degrees}C). The detailed kinetic and parametric studies of SO{sub 2} reduction planned in this work over various CeO{sub 2}-formulations will provide the necessary basis for development of a very simplified process, namely that of a single-stage elemental sulfur recovery scheme from variable concentration gas streams. The potential cost- and energy-efficiency benefits from this approach cannot be overstated. A first apparent application is treatment of a regenerator off-gases in power plants using regenerative flue gas desulfurization. Such a simple catalytic converter may offer the long-sought {open_quotes}Claus-alternative{close_quotes} for coal-fired power plant applications.


The article is dedicated to the 85th anniversary of mass production start-up of СТЗ-1 wheeled agricultural tractor in the Stalingrad tractor plant (now Volgograd tractor plant). Design features and main characteristics of this tractor, as well as stages of development of the plant's products are given.


A 14-year-old female dog of Ainu breed was admitted to a veterinary hospital. It showed signs of congestive heart failure with accompanying chronic interstitial nephritis. In the pathological examination, a focal microinfarct was present in the myocardium and it was surrounded by an area of fibrosis in the left ventricular wall. Before death, there were no findings clearly suggesting the presence of this type of lesion obtained by electrocardiographic examination and serum analysis, but marked increase in CPK-MB/ total CPK activity was observed.


The Early Action Neighbourhood Fund (EANF) is a joint funding initiative emerging from the Early Action Funders Alliance, a collaboration of funders from different sectors with an interest in supporting early action approaches through their work. The Big Lottery Fund, Comic Relief and the Esmee Fairbairn Foundation are investing £5.3m to support three projects (in Coventry, Hartlepool and Norwich) which are testing early and preventative action approaches in different areas of public service to develop a better case for early action amongst commissioners and funders.


This paper presents a recently developed procedure for determining the Permissible Site Discharge from on-site stormwater detention storages on redeveloped urban sites. It shows how the behaviour of both above and below-ground storages can be successfully modelled from experimental and theoretical considerations to expedite the design process. The PSD is then developed by examining the interaction of these models of storage behaviour with the theoretical behaviour of the municipal drainage system. This is carried out by considering an idealized catchment with four sites evenly distributed along the main drainage line and then examining the effects of storage releases on peak flow rates along the length of the drain. The procedure is then extended to demonstrate how the PSD can be calculated in ordered to protect the main drain at locations where it is liable to surcharge. A novel outlet system is proposed which permits the low PSD's from small redevelopment sites to be achieved without the use of orifices, so obviating the inherent problem of outlet blockage. Development of the device is currently in progress.


Law360, New York (October 16, 2013, 6:37 PM ET) -Experts in reasonable royalty cases typically must identify the portion of the defendant's profits attributable to the patent-infringing components of a complex product using the approach established by the Georgia Pacific factors.[1] However, the evidentiary standards for this profit apportionment approach have become increasingly stringent. Specifically, the Uniloc decision struck down the long-standing 25 percent rule on the grounds that the rule was not tied to the facts of the case.[2] And rulings by the court in ResQNet and several later cases have greatly increased the scrutiny of license agreements that would be accepted as comparables.[3]


At the study site, the lowest mean of seawater temperature is 24.5°C December 2010 to November 2011, while the maximum mean of seawater temperature was 33°C during summer.
   The mode of reproduction in Pocillopora verrucosa vary between geographically isolated regions. This scleractinian coral is common along the Red Sea coast, and its reproductive mode and period of reproduction were assessed using histological preparation. The study was undertaken from December 2010 to November 2011. Sexual reproduction of the scleractinian corals Pocillopora verrucosa was studied for a period of one year in Sharm Ubhur. Pocillopora verrucosa is  hermaphrodite broadcaster spawner with external larval developments, Embryos of species was  not observed at the histological sections stadies. They has very short annual cycle of gematogenesis. The onset of reproductive period of Pocillopora verrucosa was found to be limited (March to May). The number of eggs and testes observed in this period the gonads were found in the polyps. The Pocillopora verrucosa egg size was ranged from  26.2 µm (in March) to 152.0  µm (in May). Zooxanthellae was presented in the mature oocytes in Pocillopora verrucosa.


The invention discloses a fabric anti-crease finishing agent which comprises the components in parts by weight: 1-3 parts of sodium hypophosphite, 10-20 parts of diethylene glycol diglycidyl ether, 10-20 parts of isopropyl alcohol, 3-5 parts of pentaerythritol fatty acid ester, 20-30 parts of maleic anhydride, 5-8 parts of citric acid and 80-100 parts of water. Compared with the prior art, the fabric anti-crease finishing agent has the beneficial effects of (1) the fabric finished by the fabric anti-crease finishing agent does not contain formaldehyde, thus being harmless to the human body and in accordance with the environmental protection requirement; and (2) remarkably improving the wet elasticity of the fabric, having good washing fastness as well as better hydrophilism and antistatic property, and being better in hand feel and softness.


The emergence of the marine species Halocladius variabilis (Staeger) in the surroundings of the Tvärminne Biological Station (about 6 ‰ S) in the northern Baltic Sea in 1952–1953 is outlined. Most individuals emerged in the submerged funnel traps used in the study from the last half of May to the end of June. The population density in the sites studied varied between 0 and 328 indiv./m 2 ; wide areas had a population density of nearly 10 indiv./m 2 . No emergence was found in the traps nearest to the buildings of the station, but the highest numbers of the emergence occurred in the most distant sites studied.


© 2018 IJRAR December 2018, Volume 5, Issue 4 www.ijrar.org (E-ISSN 2348-1269, PISSN 2349-5138) IJRAR1BIP175 International Journal of Research and Analytical Reviews (IJRAR) www.ijrar.org 1071 particulate fillers, to enhance various attributes. The modification in the properties is mainly dependent on the size of nano filler, nature of filler, weight percentage of filler, and facade treatment of the fillers. In the last two decades, there has been a strong importance given to the polymer based nanocomposites, i.e. at least one of the proportions of the filler particles should have size in nanometres. The ultimate manufactured product should not be of nano-scale, but it can be in macroscopic or microscopic shape[7]. The nanometric scaled molecule such as platelet clays, multi walled nano tubes of carbon, and fibers in nano size with extremely elevated aspects ratio with its nano-scaled distribution within the chemical compound matrix has proven to become the basis of structures because these substances lead to the growth of the polymer's properties at a very low level fillers amount [8]. 1.1 Polymer based nano clay composites Nano-technology refers to manipulation and control of the materials having a constituent of the size one to hundred nanometres, where one nm is equal to one one-billionth portion of meter to fabricate and designing a novel material or structure that goes through enormous changes in engineering properties because of their large surface area and unique exfoliated and intercalated microstructure[9,10]. Any material which has one of the constituent material of nano scale level (10 meters) are constantly have features which are dissimilar than their bulk scaled part. [11]. Despite the fact that clay polymers and nanoparticulates are mixed to manufacture a layered silicate nanocomposite, always two dissimilar variants of morphologies are formed; which are called intercalation and exfoliation. Intercalation arrangement is a well-ordered and arranged multi-faceted composition where the associated polymer bond are sited into the space wedged among proportionate silicate layers separated merely by 1-3 nm. Although exfoliation or delimitation pattern is achieved when layers of clay are considerably disconnected from each other and scattered around the neverending polymer array. The exfoliation of clay or delaminating pattern is of much importance for the motive that they exploit the clay-polymer boundary constructing the whole subsurface area of the layers within reach for the polymers. This probably would direct the generally remarkable progression in the physical and mechanical attribute [12]. 2. Materials Types (Nano) In the modern world numerous style of nano particles exist, that are integrated in the array to obtain particular outcome to alter the physical proportions and chemical arrangement. A few of the nano particles are discussed below in depth.


The synthesis is reported of new 1,3,4-thiadiazole, imidazopyridine, a-pyranone, pyrazolo(1,5-a)pyrimidine, polysubstituted benzene, pyridine , pyrazoles and pyrazolo(3,4-d)pyridazine using 1-{(5Z)-5-((4-methoxyphenyl)imino)-4-phenyl-4,5-dihydro-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl}ethanone as starting material.


The analysis of nominal compound constructions has proven to be a recalcitrant problem for linguistic semantics and poses serious challenges for natural language processing systems. We argue for a compositional treatment of compound constructions which limits the need for listing of compounds in the lexicon. We argue that the development of a practical model of compound interpretation crucially depends on issues of lexicon design. The Generative Lexicon (Pustejovsky 1995) provides us with a model of the lexicon which couples su ciently expressive lexical semantic representations with mechanisms which capture the relationship between those representations and their syntactic expression. In our approach, the qualia structures of the nouns in a compound provide relational structure enabling compositional interpretation of the modi cation of the head noun by the modifying noun. This brings compound interpretation under the same rubric as other forms of composition in natural language, including argument selection, adjectival modi cation, and type coercion. We examine data from both English and Italian and develop analyses for both languages which use phrase structure schemata to account for the connections between lexical semantic representation and syntactic expression. In addition to applications in natural language understanding, machine translation, and generation, the model of compound interpretation developed here can be applied to multi-lingual information extraction tasks. 2 MICHAEL JOHNSTON AND FEDERICA BUSA 1. The Semantic Interpretation of Noun-Noun Compounds Complex nominals, and in particular noun-noun compounds, have received a great deal of attention in linguistic research, (Bergsten 1911, Jespersen 1942, Marchand 1970, Lees 1970, Downing 1977, Levi 1978, Warren 1987). The problems that they pose can hardly be ignored in computational linguistics, where their analysis has presented a serious challenge for natural language processing systems (Finin 1980, McDonald 1982, Isabelle 1984, Alshawi 1987, Hobbs et al. 1993, Bouillon et al. 1992, Jones 1995, Johnston, Boguraev, and Pustejovsky 1995, Copestake and Lascarides 1997). Among the most pressing concerns is the de nition of a systematic method for recovering or predicting the implicit semantic relation that holds between a head noun and a modi er noun. For instance, the compound bread knife refers to a knife which is used to cut bread, while lemon juice refers to juice which is obtained from squeezing lemons. Previous analyses were based on essentially descriptive methodologies (Levi 1978, Jones 1995), relying on the enumeration of possible semantic relations observed in the language. The limitation of these approaches is that they can hardly be exhaustive, since they rely on uniquely descriptive machinery. The suggestion presented in this paper aims at assimilating the composition of complex nominals to other compositional processes of natural language. To this end, we argue that composition in compound constructions involves speci cation of the arguments of predicate structures within the qualia of the head noun. In essence, the qualia structure provides the `glue' which links together the semantic contributions of modifying nouns and the head noun in the compound. The predicates in the qualia are not there just to account for compounds but also to account for a wide variety of forms of composition and interpretation including argument selection, adjectival modi cation, (cf., Bouillon, 1995), type coercion (cf., Pustejovsky, 1991,1995), and nominalization, (cf., Busa, 1996). We examine data from both English and Italian and contrast the di ering strategies for compound formation in the two languages. Examination of both languages in parallel is important since information regarding the semantic relationship between the elements of a compound which is implicit in English is marked syntactically in Italian. In order to account for the availability of compound constructions in both English and Italian, we utilize phrase structure schemata that capture the di erent ways in which head nouns and modifying nouns can compose. 1.1. A CROSS-LINGUISTIC APPROACH The comparison of English and Italian data yields very interesting results. One the one hand it provides very strong evidence in favor of a qualiaThe Compositional Interpretation of Nominal Compounds 3 based semantics, on the other it reveals general properties of the internal structure of compound nominals which have important consequences for multilingual language processing. Consider the correspondences in (1), below: (1) a. bread knife b. wine glass c. bullet hole coltello da pane bicchiere da vino foro di pallottola d. lemon juice e. glass door f. silicon breast succo di limone porta a vetri seni al silicone The English noun-noun compounds in (1), above, consist of a modifying noun followed by the head noun, and the semantic relation that holds between them is unspeci ed and left implicit. In Italian, instead, the preposition that intervenes between the head and the modifying noun indicates the nature of the semantic relation holding between the two nouns.1 Consider rst the forms in (1a) and (1b), where the modifying noun provides information regarding the purpose or function of object described by the head noun. Thus, in (1a), bread speci es the object which the knife is typically used to cut; in (1b), wine speci es the substance that the glass is used to hold. When the modi er speci es some aspect of the purpose of the head, the preposition in the Italian form generally is da. In (1c) and (1d), the modi er relates to the origin of the object described by the head noun, how it was brought about. A bullet hole is a hole which was brought about by the passage of a bullet, and lemon juice is juice that is brought about by squeezing a lemon. When the modi er speci es some aspect of the origin of the head, the appropriate preposition for the Italian form appears to be di. In (1e) and (1f), the modi er relates to the constitution of the object described by the head noun, what it is made of. A glass door is a door made of glass, while a silicon breast is a breast, at least partially, composed of silicon. For forms in which the modi er speci es the constitution of the head, the appropriate preposition in Italian is a. While English compounds can easily be described in terms of sequences of adjacent nouns, the syntactic constituency of Italian compounds is less clear. We turn now to examine the structural di erences in the syntactic expression of compounds in English and Italian. 1In Italian most of the compounds that are possible involve an underived verb (e.g. portadocumenti (document holder), segnalibro (bookmark), spaventapasseri (scarecrow), etc.). There are, however, a few other noun-noun compounds such as trenomerci (freight train), vacanza-studio (holiday-study), but these are infrequent and not our concern here. See Beard(1996) for an interesting account of why Italian favors the type of constructions illustrated in (1) above. 4 MICHAEL JOHNSTON AND FEDERICA BUSA 1.2. STRUCTURAL DIFFERENCES IN ENGLISH AND ITALIAN In an earlier version of this work, (cf. Busa and Johnston, 1995), we focussed on the role of the Italian preposition for disambiguation purposes and did not provide a further analysis of the structural properties of complex nominals. Upon closer scrutiny, however, there is an important question which should be answered, namely whether or not the postmodi er is a PP, and thus has internal syntactic structure and allows recursion. Consider the examples in (1), some of which we repeat below for convenience: (3) a. coltello da pane b. bicchiere da vino c. porta a vetri bread knife wine glass glass door If the modi ers in (3) are PPs, then we should be able to introduce additional material between the head noun and the modi er. The expressions in (4)-(6), below, illustrate NPs where the head noun is modi ed by an adjunct, and an adjective can intervene between the head noun and the PP: (4) a. coltello sul frigo b. coltello tagliente sul frigo knife on the fridge sharp knife on the fridge (5) a. bicchiere nel lavandino b. bicchiere sbeccato nel lavandino glass in the sink chipped glass in the sink (6) a. porta girevole b. porta girevole sul retro revolving door revolving glass door The compounds in (3), however, behave di erently. As show in (7) and (8), an adjective may not intervene between the head noun and its modi er, (cf., (7a) and (8a)), but is only licensed if it modi es the whole compound The Compositional Interpretation of Nominal Compounds 5 as shown in (7b) and (8b), below: (7) a. *coltello tagliente da pane \knife sharp for bread" b. [coltello da pane] tagliente \[knife for bread] sharp" sharp [bread knife] (8) a. *porta girevole a vetri \door revolving with glass" b. [porta a vetri] girevole \[door of glass] revolving" revolving [glass door] In both languages an adjectival modi er of the head is not possible, but an adjectival modi er of the whole compound is possible.2 In cases where there is recursion within the compound, the modi er must itself be a compound, as shown in (9) and (10) below: (9) a. forno a microonde b. [piatto da [forno a microonde]] microwave oven microwave oven dish (10) a. fabbrica di cioccolato b. [fabbrica di [cioccolato da dolci]] chocolate factory cake chocolate factory An additional observation concerns the status of certain adjectival forms, which, we argue are not evidence for the PP hypothesis, since, again no additional material may appear in the compound. This is shown in the contrast between white chocolate and sweet chocolate: (11) a. cioccolato bianco white chocolate b. *cioccolato molto bianco very white chocolate 2Interestingly, glass revolving door would appear to be an exception, since it is wellformed in English. The reason for this is that glass door and revolving door are both compound forms. Thus, we have two options: one where revolvi


Dynamic traffic assignment (DTA) has evolved rapidly over the past two decades. This advancement has been fueled by the needs of application domains ranging from real-time traffic operations to long-term planning. DTA models are a natural evolution in the transportation field and are expected to become mainstream when issues related to the realism of their assumptions and mathematical tractability are addressed in greater detail. Several simulation-based DTA models are currently available for real-world deployment and have already gained sophistication and significant acceptability. Simulation tests were conducted on two networks—one representing Birmingham, Alabama, and the other representing Chicago, Illinois—to showcase the DTA capabilities to evaluate the impacts of traffic incidents and to model incident management strategies and relevant intelligent transportation system technologies. The study confirmed that DTA can provide transportation agencies with a powerful tool with which they can improve their existing incident management plans through the evaluation of route diversion strategies, variable message sign placement and content, real-time route diversion, and the production of more comprehensive estimates of incident delay.


Immune dysregulation, polyendocrinopathy, enteropathy, X-linked (IPEX) syndrome is a rare primary immunodeficiency caused by inherited defects in the FOXP3 gene that impair regulatory T cells. IPEX syndrome can be cured by hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) from HLA-matched unrelated donors (MUD); however, the best conditioning prior to HSCT for IPEX syndrome is not known. Here we report on a patient suffering from IPEX syndrome, including immune-mediated colitis and membranous nephropathy, without polyendocrinopathy, caused by a novel mutation in the Forkhead domain of the FOXP3 gene. The patient's symptoms resolved following MUD HSCT after myeloablative conditioning performed at 16 months of age. The patient is clinically well, 3 years after HSCT, with robust immune reconstitution and fully engrafted. The lack of extensive autoimmune damage might have contributed to the patient's favourable outcome following MUD HSCT with myeloablative conditioning. Statement of novelty: We describe a novel ...


Vitamin D status is usually assessed by measuring the serum concentration of 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D]. Its measurement is important as a clinical indicator of nutritional vitamin D deficiency, which is one of the causes of osteoporosis (1). Vitamin D exists in two forms: cholecalciferol (vitamin D 3) and ergocalciferol (vitamin D 2). Vitamin D 2 is further metabolized to 25(OH)D 2. Vitamin D 3 is formed in the skin from its precursor 7-dehydrocholesterol after ultraviolet irradiation or is absorbed from the diet (2). It is further hydroxylated in the liver to 25(OH)D 3 as the first step of its conversion in the kidney to 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D 3 , which is the biologically active form. 25(OH)D 3 is the main circulating form of vitamin D. Clinically it is important to measure both forms of 25-hydroxyvitamin D to monitor the effect of vitamin D 2 supplementation on total vitamin D status. The first routine methods for measurement of 25(OH)D concentrations in human plasma were based on competitive protein binding and used vitamin D-binding protein and a tritium-labeled tracer (3). These methods were replaced by a simpler, rapid RIA (4), and a radioiodinated tracer was incorporated into the RIA in 1993 (5). This assay principle is the basis of several commercially available methods. Quantitative HPLC assays have been developed based on ultraviolet detection and normal-phase separation (6), combined use of normal-and reversed-phase separations (7), or reversed-phase separation alone (8). Recently, reversed-phase HPLC methods for 25(OH)D 3 in human plasma have been developed with normal-phase prepurifi-cation of the sample (9) or liquid extraction only (10). Earlier HPLC methods for 25(OH)D 3 in serum were designed mainly for research purposes and were therefore too complicated for routine use. The present method was designed to be easy to use, sensitive, and rapid with simple sample preparation. Separation and quantification of 25(OH)D 3 from 25(OH)D 2 are achieved with an iso-cratic elution. To 0.5 mL of serum, we added 350 ␮L of methanol–2-propanol (80:20 by volume). The tubes were mixed in a Multitube vortex mixer for 30 s. 25(OH)D was extracted by mixing three times (60 s each time) with 2 mL of hexane. The phases were separated by centrifugation, and the upper organic phase was transferred to a conical tube and dried under nitrogen. The residue was dissolved in 100 ␮L of mobile phase. Calibration curves were constructed using four concentrations of 25(OH)D 3 (15–120 nmol/L; …


The travel decision-making process is influenced by a number of factors. One of the most important yet infrequently studied factors is "perceived constraints." Nearly a decade ago Crawford, Jackson and Godbey (1991) developed a framework to guide constraints research. Numerous authors have utilized this framework but results have suggested that individuals' perceptions of constraints differ based on study setting and method of data collection (e.g., questionnaire vs. interview). Hence, the purpose of this study was to use a multi-method approach (both quantitative and qualitative) to assess perceived constraints to visitation among a sample of Pennsylvania residents. Results indicated that individuals' are not consistent in their response to constraint questions and that their interpretation of a constraining item varies. The information presented in this paper will challenge traditional notions about constraints. Why Study Constraints? As consumers go through the decision-making process they are influenced by a number of factors. According to Norman (1995), one of the most important yet infrequently studied factors is "perceived constraints." Constraints, according to Jackson (1988), are "a subset of reasons for not engaging in a particular behavior." Further, he suggested that the value of leisure constraints research may be summarized into two main areas: improving the understanding of participation by classifying nonparticipants, describing their characteristics and documenting their constraints; and improving constraints measurement techniques. Constraints research can also provide benefits such as policy development and program planning to recreation practitioners (Searle & Jackson, 1985b). Norman (1995) concluded that incorporating perceived constraints into market segmentation/tourism research offers researchers and practitioners a better understanding of the complex nature of the travel decision process. What is a Constraint? Constraints are factors that inhibit or prohibit individuals' participation and enjoyment in leisure (Jackson, 1991). Norman (1995) defined travel constraints as constraints, inhibitors, obstacles, or restraining factors, perceived or real, that influence an individual's preference for and participation in a leisure activity. ~ i s h a n (1994) stated that perceived constraints might have a stronger influence on leisure activity participation than true constraints. Jackson (1988), in a survey of past research on leisure constraints, found that all researchers agreed in principle that constraints inhibit people's ability to participate in leisure activities. However, individuals do overcome and cope with constraints when participating in leisure activities (Mannell & Kleiber, 1997). In fact, some researchers believe that leisure participation is dependent not on the absence of constraints but on negotiation through them (Jackson, Crawford, & Godbey, 1993). Constraints and Travel Constraints are important factors in the travel decision making process (Tian, Crompton, & Witt, 1996; Um & Crompton, 1992). McIntosh and Goeldner (1990) listed constraints to travel as cost, lack of time, health limitations, family stage, lack of interest, fear and safety. If the motivation to travel is sufficiently strong, they argued, any of the above constraints may be overcome and travel will take place. However, the perception of or actual travel constraints will affect the destination selection process (McIntosh & Goeldner, 1990). Um and Crompton (1992), in their study of perceived inhibitors and facilitators in . pleasure travel destination decisions, indicated that travel decision making is constraints driven rather than benefits driven. Norman (1995), in his research of perceived constraints as a basis for travel market segmentation, identified groups of respondents that were considered relatively "high level constrained" but continued to participate at an unconstrained level. Similarly, interview respondents in Kay and Jackson's (1991) study reported that perceived constraints did not reduce their level of participation. The Hierarchical Constraint Model In 1991 Crawford et al. proposed that individuals negotiate their way thrqugh three types of constraints (i.e., structural, intrapersonal and interpersonal). These constraints are hierarchical in nature, with intrapersonal constraints (e.g., stress, depression, anxiety, perceived self-skill) being the first and most difficult level of constraints to negotiate. At the second level, represented by interpersonal constraints (e.g., constraints resulting from interrelationships such as finding a suitable activity partner), constraints intercede between preference and participation in leisure activities. If this type of constraint is overcome, structural constraints (e.g., family life-cycle stage, family financial resources, season, climate, work scheduling, availability of opportunity) begin to be encountered. This model is hierarchical in terms of the order in which constraints are encountered, but also with respect to level of importance. Empirical verification of the hierarchical constraints model by Crawford et al. (1991) is lacking, however (Alexandris & Carroll, 1997). Hawkins, Peng, Hsieh and Eklund (1999) conducted a replication and extension of their work and verified that the constraint categories can be replicated and extended with subtle distinctions. Six years earlier, Raymore, Godbey, Crawford and von Eye (1993) documented that the three categories of constraints did exist when studied with an adolescent population.


The variety is one of the main factors affecting maize yield,so choosing suitable variety is significant to the high yield in different areas.In view of the various characteristics of maize varieties in Fuxin,based on the two years' experiment data,this article evaluated twelve maize varieties using the grey relational analysis method.The results showed that the variety grey relational degrees of Liaodan565,Zhengdan958,Shenyu21,Jinyu228,Liangyu11,Shibin28,Liaodan632,ShennongT19,Dongya56,Tiefeng88,Dongdan90,Denghai3686 were 0.8999,0.8520,0.8271,0.8257,0.7863,0.7761,0.7592,0.7584,0.7505,0.7490,0.7371,0.7136,respectively.The suitable maize varieties were Liaodan565,Liangyu21 and Jinyu228,Zhengdan958 in Fuxin.


This paper deals with the optimization of Bolza problem with a system of convex and nonconvex, discrete and differential state variable inequality constraints of second order by deriving necessary and sufficient conditions for optimality. According to proposed discretization method and equivalence theorems for subdifferential inclusions, the problem with a system of discrete-approximation inequalities are investigated which highly contributes to the derivation of adjoint discrete inclusions generated by given system of nonlinear inequality constraints. Moreover, in the limit case, we obtain sufficient conditions for optimality of the continuous problem. A numerical example is presented to illustrate the theoretical result.


Surface reconstruction technology needs to fit the collected point cloud data into an expression with a complete base function. How to improve the fitting accuracy of surface reconstruction is the focus of this research. In this paper, aiming at the surface fitting model based on Gaussian radial basis function(RBF), the influence of shape factor selection on surface fitting accuracy is studied, and a new method for calculating RBF shape factor is proposed. The shape factor is connected with the size of the surface to be fitted, which strengthens the relationship among the kernels. Taking the given point cloud data as an example, the simulation experiments were carried out, and the fitting accuracy of different shape factors was compared, and the curved surfaces of different shapes were fitted. The results show that the accuracy of surface fitting can be improved by choosing shape factor combined with the size of fitting area; surface fitting based on RBF is suitable for the surface with small curvature and gentle surface; RBF can be used for the description of non-rotational symmetric surface, but the fitting accuracy will decrease.


Jack Clack Francis' paper is a most interesting and provocative one, because it is the first to present empirical evidence questioning the importance of a distribution's skewness parameter in the investor's decision process. In particular, Francis claims his evidence demonstrates that stock market investors do not consider skewness in choosing among alternative investments.


The two types of highly-ordered oligo(3-hexylthiophene)s in head-to-head orientation, a series of α,ω-disubstituted oligothiophenes and a series of bis(dicyanomethylene)oligothienoquinonoids, were synthesized. The properties of these compounds are discussed on the basis of the electronic spectra and cyclic voltammetry.


ABSTRACT The security and privacy issues of vehicular ad-hoc networks (VANETs) must be addressed before they are implemented. For this purpose, several academic and industrial proposals have been developed. Given that several of them are intended to co-exist, it is necessary that they consider compatible security models. This study presents a survey of the underlying security models of 41 recent proposals. Four key aspects in VANET security are studied, namely trust on vehicles, trust on infrastructure entities, existence of trusted third parties and attacker features. Based on the survey analysis, a basic mechanism to compare VANET security models is also proposed, thus highlighting their similarities and differences.


On 25 August 2015, the Queensland Government announced the development of new senior assessment and tertiary entrance systems, commencing with students who enter Year 11 in 2018. Features of the new systems will include:

 - A senior assessment model that combines school-based assessment developed and marked by teachers, with common external assessment developed and marked by the Queensland Curriculum and Assessment Authority (QCAA)

 - New processes that strengthen the quality and comparability of school-based assessment

 - A transition from the existing Overall Position (OP) tertiary rank to an Australian Tertiary Admission Rank (ATAR).

The Accreditation project: Foundation module is designed to enhance teachers' assessment literacy in preparation for the new senior assessment model. It is the first of a series of professional development modules that will allow teachers to participate in the new processes of endorsement and calibration/confirmation that will quality assure school-based assessment.

The Foundation Module: Assessment Literacy (Phase 1) project is due for completion by June 2016 and underpins all future accreditation modules.


Breastfeeding is rarely seen as an economic issue. Many would find the idea of placing a dollar value on mothers' milk as quite repugnant. Breastfeeding is not an economic relationship. It is a complex, physiological, emotional and social relationship between mother and child, intricately related to the nature of society, community and family she lives in. Economics is not well equipped to deal with this. Its models rely on ideas of scarcity, selfishness, price and competition between individuals to maximise human satisfaction. In the case of breastfeeding, the main factors determining resource availability and allocation are not price but altruism, dependency, and breastfeeding knowledge and skills; and the 'costs' and 'benefits' of breastfeeding fall not just on individuals but on society as a whole. Yet in a world where not valuing something in dollar terms means it is not valued at all, this economic invisibility can have major consequences for the 'market' for mother's milk, for infant and maternal health and well-being, and for appropriate public policy. This article provides a feminist economic analysis of breastfeeding. It is broad ranging, uses cross-disciplinary evidence and draws on a variety of frameworks including a human rights approach. It builds on a growing feminist economic literature that argues that conventional approaches to public policy rest on misleading measures and concepts of economic efficiency. It seeks to highlight the imperfections within the market for infant food, with the main 'products' in this market broadly comprising: mothers' own milk (fed from the breast or expressed) or other mothers' milk (milk banks or wet nurses); commercial baby foods including infant milks (formula) and complementary foods and juices (referred to as 'breastmilk substitutes'). It shows that the dominant share of this market for infant food is accounted for by commercial baby foods and argues that the dominance of commercial baby food at the expense of breastmilk and breastfeeding reflects ignorance of scientific evidence on the health risks associated with consumption of formula milk; agency problems arising from the mother necessarily making decisions on behalf of the infant; a pricing structure which does not recognise or incorporate the negative externalities associated with consumption of formula milk (for example, healthrelated costs incurred by individuals and society later on in life); and the unfair competitive and marketing advantage that commercial producers of breastmilk substitutes (private companies) have over other suppliers to the market (in this case mothers). The article uses a market analysis to demonstrate that unrecognised social costs and information failures, agency problems and unequal power relationships, along with unfair


In this article from a new perspective,the current employment situation of the graduates of agriculture vocation centering on the "three agriculture"problems and technical colleges and the corresponding solutions for the present level of agricultural employment status and problems were put forward.


When Henrerick Adriesaen Van Doesburgh moved into his home in the southeast corner of Fort Orange in 1624, he probably didn't think much of the place. What with the Indian braves eyeing his daughters, yearly floods and no place to go weekends (except church—by law) it was probably kind of a tedious life. But he made enough trading with the Indians to move and rent out his home. He also had a hand in real estate. Mr. Doesburgh"s red brick (from a local kiln) house was an earthen-floored, narrow-windowed affair with walls under twelve feet (if he obeyed the building code). If someone cares to see the ruins of his house, he can— until about March 1st any way. The New York State 'Historic Trust (Division of Parks and Recreation) is presently sponsoring a dig of the historic ruins before an entrance ramp to the new Dunn Memorial Bridge covers the fort. While much work is done on prehistoric sites (an erroneous term used to describe pre-European settlement America) the dig in Albany is thought by Project Director Paul Huey to be the oldest documented excavation in the Northeast. The original deeds (or copies) of the dealings of the Dutch East India Company and the settlers are still around, showing who lived where. In 1624, eighteen Walloon families, from what is now South Belgium, established a colony for the Dutch East India Company, and built Fort Orange. Thus Albany is the oldest conUnuous.settlement of colonial America. Fort Orange was roughly 110x120 feet, according to a 1766 survey of the then-abandoned ruins. The walls of the fort were about 1 F > feet high with gun turrets with two swivel cannon in the corners. Outside was a moat that bordered at least one side of the fort. The east face of the fort (now under a railroad embankment) faced a much closer and wider Hudson River. (In IH.'i.'t the wide river was partially filled in on the west bank and the railroad tracks laid between the ruins of the fort and the now narrower Hudson.) This shows the areheologisfs interpretation of the structure to the extent of their dig. The right corner of the diagram shows the section presently worked on. So far the archeologists have found the remains of three houses within the fort. Besides Van Doesburgh's on the south wall, they have uncovered his neighbors, Jan Van Twilier and …


This paper discusses the design of DFE(Decision Feedback Equalizer) based on MMA/GMMA(Multi-modulus Algorithm/generalized Multi-modulus Algorithm) for QAMsignals.The equalizer first works in the MMA/GMMA mode,then switches to the decision feedback mode when the error is small enough.Extensive simulations shows that this equalizer can get good performance.


. Phu[12] introduced the idea of rough convergence of sequences in a normed linear space. Here using the idea of Phu we have brought the idea of rough convergence of sequences in a S -metric space and discussed some of its basic properties.


AbstractThis paper focuses on desaturation due to the microbially mediated dissimilatory reduction of nitrogen, or denitrification, for mitigating the potential for earthquake-induced soil liquefac...


Using Hydra AA to measure mercury,and DMA80 analyze mercury in the semicoke,study Datong coal in nitrogen atmosphere of coal pyrolysis under different temperature and time of pyrolysis,test results show that the:total mercury release rate over time showed increasing trend,pyrolysis time on the distribution of mercury in the form has little effect.The total mercury release rate increased as the temperature is almost linear relationship between growth and with the pyrolysis temperature,elemental mercury in the proportion of the total mercury in the first large and then smaller.Elemental mercury in the process of pyrolysis gas has always been the main form of mercury,different rates of coal on the impact of mercury release.Less deterioration of Yanzhou Coal the release of mercury is relatively low,a higher degree of metamorphism of Datong and Shenhua the release rate is relatively high.


While Articles 31 and 32 of the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties (VCLT) prescribe the rules of interpretation for international treaty law as "disciplining rules," the rules of interpretation themselves are understudied from a cognitive psychology perspective. This is problematic because, as Jerome Frank observed, "judges are incurably human," like everybody else. I submit that behavioral approaches could provide insights into how biases and heuristics affect the way judges and other interpreters use the VCLT rules.


Resolution for 125I-labeled specimens under electron microscope (EM) autoradi-ographic conditions was assessed experimentally. With this isotope the size of the silver halide crystal was the most important resolution-limiting factor. Heavy metal staining such as is routinely used in preparing animal tissues for EM autoradiography produced an improvement in resolution of-15-20%. For a 500-1,000-/~ biological tissue section fixed with OsO4 and stained with uranyl acetate, we obtained resolution (half distance, HD) values of-800-120/~ using Ilford L4 emulsion and 500-70 A using a Kodak NTE-type emulsion. General aspects of resolution-limiting factors and comparison with 3H and 14C values are discussed. On theoretical grounds, 125I is a highly favorable isotope (see Appendix A) for electron microscope (EM) autoradiography. This was early recognized by Kayes et al. (11) in 1962. However, although some calibration studies for both sensitivity and resolution have been performed using this isotope (6, 10), the resolution attainable with this isotope under varying experimental conditions has not yet been systematically assessed. In the present study we have adapted previous calibration procedures used for tritium and ~4C (2, 7, 20, 22) to obtain resolution values for mzsI as a function of section thickness, photographic emulsions, developing procedures, and heayy metal staining as employed in Em autoradiography. The results allowed us to reassess the critical parameters affecting resolution for isotopes of different energy. Two resolution specimens were used. One was to test resolution in plastic specimens (density 1.1) as a function of section thickness and different emulsion-developer combinations; the second was to test the effect of increasing specimen density by the incorporation of heavy metals such as osmium and uranium, which are used in the fixation and staining of biological material for electron microscopy. RESOLUTION USING PLASTIC TEST SPECIMENS: The calibration specimen was modeled after that described previously for tritium and 14C (2, 20, 22) in which a thin film of radioactive polystyrene was sandwiched between a polymerized Epon block and a layer of nonradioactive methacrylate. (The radioactive styrene was thus never exposed to the solvents normally involved in embedding for EM autoradiography, which would


It is failure of the classical theory and establishment of multiple concepts of relativity that gave rise to comparative aesthetic studies.In order to get rid of the long\|existing stagnant situation in Chinese and Western aesthetic comparative studies it is necessary to stress the functional limits Chinese and Western cultures place over the study and over scientific selection of reference system as well.\;


Gasification is a thermochemical conversion process in which carbonaceous feedstock is gasified in a controlled atmosphere to generate a synthesis gas, often called syngas, consisting primarily of CO2, CO, H2, and CH4. CO and H2 are the most desirable constituents, used in downstream applications such as combustion to generate heat and power or conversion into fuels and chemicals. CO2 is a greenhouse gas which is increasingly being regulated due to its negative impact on the environment. Also, since CO2 is in its completely oxidized state, it does not have any heating value. Apart from these gases, the syngas also consists of tars, NH3, and H2S which possess various problems due to their corrosive nature and their ability to clog and deactivate catalysts. These contaminants must be removed to improve the gas quality before the gas is usable in downstream applications. Carbon-based catalysts include a wide variety of catalyst types such as activated carbon, char, molecular sieves and others. These catalysts are increasingly being used in various gas cleaning and upgrading applications due to their wide variations in properties such as conversion efficiency, selectivity, mechanical strength, ease of synthesis, sustainable precursors and cost. This paper will review these carbon-based catalysts, their synthesis techniques and properties, and their applications for syngas cleanup.


In the paper we have estimated elasticities of employment with respect to the expansionary factors. According to our finding, in the small scale manufacturing sector size of employment is negatively related with wage elasticity, positively related with capital elasticity and also positively related with value of product elasticity.


As Fryer Library turns 80, Laurie McNeice, Senior Librarian, pauses to reflect on the life of the name for whom it is named.


Objective: This paper accentuates the validation of the multidimensional measure of Employees Behaviour that links with current changes in organisational landscape and raised desires of responsibility for IT organisations. It likewise highlights the assessment and validation of Employees Behaviour (EM) based upon the revised version of Ethical Climate Questionnaire developed by Victor and Cullen. Analysis: This study proceeds in the following manner. It starts with a literature review in Employee Climate Theory (EC) of Employee Behaviour that depends on setting up the information-driven measurable relationship between the changes and desires of the organisation, followed by assessment of likelihood through Ethical climate Questionnaire (ECQ). Lastly validation of Employee Behaviour through targeted literature survey. Findings: From this study, the avowedly restricted analysis discovered up to now, reveals that ethical climates in IT sector is wholly distinctive to those found in other sectors, and cannot be engineered up utilizing a consistence or run based mostly way to touch upon ingraining ethics and honesty in organizations. Late preventative modification within the IT, collected cluster needs, and the means that administrations are frequently given to facilitate less populaces direct a spotlight on the frameworks that help what a lot is of, show ethical basic leadership is long due. Novelty: Uniquely, the authors were able to assess the employee behaviour in IT industry through ethical climate questionnaire. This study offers researchers a relatively comprehensive and flexible approach to the assessment of Employees Behaviour of IT industry and promises applied and theoretical benefits. Keywords: Ethical climate, business ethics, employee behaviour, IT Cite this Article Sainath Malisetty, CH. Bala Nageswara Rao, Vasanthi Kumari K. Exploration of Employees Behaviour and Ethical Climate in IT Industry: Using Ethical Climate Questionnaire (ECQ).  Cite this Article Sainath Malisetty, CH. Bala Nageswara Rao, Vasanthi Kumari K. Exploration of Employees Behaviour and Ethical Climate in IT Industry: Using Ethical Climate Questionnaire (ECQ). OmniScience: A Multi-disciplinary Journal. 2018; 8(1):     8–12p.


Devices, systems, and methods for approving payments based on location receive a payment request for an order submitted from a mobile computing device via an e-commerce vendor website. A location of the mobile computing device is determined based on the location data. In one embodiment, the payment request is approved or rejected based on whether the e-commerce vendor website is approved for the determined location of the mobile computing device. [Selection] Figure 5