Online gaming platforms are inevitably subject to system vulnerabilities such as bugs and loopholes. Some players may take advantages of these bugs to gain illegitimate benefits, being viewed as rule breakers to platforms. Online platforms face a dilemma between disciplining rule breakers with the risk of being perceived unfair to the rule breakers, because rule breaches are after all caused by the game software's technical glitches and belong to a "gray area," and not disciplining rule breakers with the risk of being perceived unfair to the observers. Different countermeasures may result in significantly different economic impacts. In this study, we use the unique field data of an online gaming platform to examine the effects of players' rule-breach behavior due to system bug incidents and the platform's different punishment decisions on players' subsequent participation. By employing various empirical models, we find that the occurrence of bugs has negative impacts on the observing players' in-game online duration and consumption. Surprisingly, although the platform is responsible for the bugs, not punishing rule breakers leads to even larger reductions in observing players' platform participation than punishing. We thus highlight that the primary driver of the participation reduction is the platform's inappropriate countermeasure, rather than the bugs, and call for online platforms' attention to designing effective rules and recovery measures under the situation of a rule breach. Our findings enrich the literature and theories concerning the relationships between the online platform system's loophole exploitation, its associated recovery measures, and sustained user participation.


Dual-energy X-ray imaging is a well-established technique to color code X-ray images of travelers' luggage with materials discrimination information. Existing dual-energy X-ray technologies are capable of calculating the effective atomic number of objects with high accuracy. However, dual-energy analysis alone is unable to isolate innocuous organic objects from threat objects as their correct classification is also determined by density. The lack of depth information, which is necessary to compute density, in X-ray images produced by standard 2D scanners has demanded the utility afforded by 3D technology. This paper reports the exploitation of the additional volumetric information afforded by the KDEX technique to supplement the dual-energy X-ray attenuation information resulting in improved specificity. The proposed formulate is able to discriminate between a wide range of materials as a function of Z and ρ. Together with laminographic data, an encouraging accuracy of Z and ρ up to 97% and 95%, respectively is obtained for well-defined homogeneous objects. A new color scheme is developed for color coding the derived ρZ information to highlight the presence of potential threat materials in the resultant 3D imagery. We wish to thank the UK EPSRC for funding this program of research.


Introduction Globalization has been accompanied by an equally global tendency towards devolution of authority and resources from nation-states to regions and communities. Decentralization and devolution in developing countries is said to enhance effectiveness of policies and public service delivery, to increase equity and to sustain natural resources (Ribot 2003). It is rooted in notions like social capital and community-based development. Participatory measures, like the creation of user groups or the holding of meetings are likewise practiced for all policy objectives from public service delivery to conservation of natural resources. This paper explores the relationship between the numerous, uncoordinated measures taken in some villages of Namaqualand, South Africa. Based on an empirical study, it discusses how the distribution of payments for public work via village committees rewards individualistic, short-sighted, free-riding behavior of villagers, which contrasts the moral-based, long-term commitment needed for natural resource conservation.


Traditionally, the accuracy of range queries in differentially private histogram publication was boosted by obtaining the Best Linear Unbiased Estimator (BLUE) of the nodes' noisy values in the Differential Privacy Range Tree (DPRT). However, exist works require DPRT be perfect k-ary, which means it is not suitable for differentially private histogram publication under arbitrary tree structure. In this paper, we propose an efficient iterative algorithm GBLUE for differential privacy histogram publication based on any tree structure. The correctness of GBLUE is guaranteed by theoretical analysis and experimental demonstration. Experimental results show that GBLUE is effective and feasible.


Hypoeutectic, eutectic, and hypereutectic nickel-molybdenum alloys were rapidly solidified by both bulk undercooling and melt spinning techniques. Alloys were undercooled in both electromagnetic levitation and differential thermal analysis equipment. The rate of recalescence depended upon the degree of initial undercooling and the nature (faceted or nonfaceted) of the primary nucleating phase. Alloy melts were observed to undercool more in the presence of primary Beta (NiMo intermetallic) phase than in gamma (fcc solid solution) phase. Melt spinning resulted in an extension of molybdenum solid solubility in gamma nickel, from 28 to 37.5 at % Mo. Although the microstructures observed by undercooling and melt spinning were similar the microsegregation pattern across the gamma dendries was different. The range of microstructures evolved was analyzed in terms of the nature of the primary phase to nucleate, its subsequent dendritic growth, coarsening and fragmentation, and final solidification of interfenderitic liquid.


Introduction The PRSP process Since 1999, Poverty Reduction Strategies (PRSs) have become a major national development framework in many countries. The Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper (PRSP) sets out an analysis of poverty for the country concerned and defines a national strategy for reducing it. Key policy measures and structural reforms aimed at poverty reduction and growth are identified and prioritised during the PRSP process, and their budgetary costs are assessed. PRSs are designed to improve the comprehensiveness of poverty reduction measures, in an effort to achieve the Millennium Development Goals. The process usually begins with the preparation of an InterimPRSP (I-PRSP), which provides the framework for drafting the final paper. Originally set as a requirement for debt relief under the Enhanced Heavily Indebted Poor Countries facility (HIPC2), many non-HIPC-eligible countries have also invested in preparing these plans. The PRSP has thus become a formal representation of a nation's development policies, and helps determine the attitude of the international donor community towards national efforts (Booth, 2003).


Technical Field The present invention belongs to two affinity nanomaterials, in particular having a hydrophobic core, and nanoparticles preparation method and application of the hydrophilic surface. Hydrophobic block and a hydrophilic polymer nanoparticles of the present invention comprises polyalkyl acrylate or poly alkyl methacrylate monomer or an unsaturated polymer is formed by the hydrophilic unsaturated monomer modified the hydrophilic chitosan polymer block. Prepared as follows: the role of initiator, of chitosan amino radical, with the hydrophilic unsaturated monomer and an alkyl acrylate or alkyl methacrylate binding amphoteric obtained triblock copolymer . It can be used in pharmaceutical, nutritional and cosmetic production. Compared with the prior art, which has good stability and a high amount of active ingredient contained features.


This study aims to determine the different ability of free body diagram (FBD) representation in Newton's Law based onstudents' thinking style. The subject of this research is the students of 10th grade from science class at state senior high school 1 of Prembun. The data analized is the results of cognitive test and students' thinking character questionnaire. The data were analyzed by using quantitative method. Based on the result, can be concluded that there is no difference between the ability of free body diagrams representating with a category sequential concrete, sequential abstract, random concrete and random abstract, which in the four categories of thinking styles included in the criteria need improvement.


Offshore engineering can play a vital role in meeting the needs of future cities without increasing their onshore footprint. Growth in population and changes in how citizens interact will create demand for energy and transport solutions in the near term. This paper shows how large coastal cities in Asia can deliver transitional base-load power generation capacity within 2–3 years using floating liquefied natural gas units. This will give city authorities time to develop energy from renewable sources, including wider use of floating solar power plants. Airport use is also expected to increase in line with urban growth. Established concrete caisson technologies can be readily adapted from floating highways to provide international-standard floating runways.


for them ? " Tlle last question aids in determining the sevority of the case. The attemiipt slhouLld next be made to produce pain by active anid passive maovemlent, the patient's appearance. beiug noted the wlhile. Then ask: (18) "Is the pain slharp or dull ?" If lhe lhas had rubbinia or muassage, ask: (19) l Is minassage painful?" t20) "iDoes it do you good?" Proceed to inquiire about stiffness by aslking, (21) " Does rest miiake tlle stiffness greater or less?" (22) Does the stiffness get greater or le.sis when you are up and moving about?" Conclude with some such plhrase as (23) " Wlhen you miove q uickly you get a sharp stabbiing pain. Can you do as inuch as aniybody else if you go slow ? " Tlle last quiestiou is a valtuable one for testing the patient's inental outlook. It ptuts himn on llis mettle. A genuinie case answvers in the affirnmative or witlh a negative that is obviously reluctant. Cases in wlicll thiee is unwillingness of tlle sp)irit as well as weakness of the flesh are not aslhamiied to give a negative tlle tone of whicl is wlhining in " war-worn" cases, and impressive, indignant, or sanctimonious in patients whlo are knowingly exaggeratina tlleir symptoms. If tlle answers seemii to coincide witlh the definition of myalgia given above, the diagnos-is is made and a note registered for future reference as to tlle degree of the conditiona, and as to the degree, if any, of exaggeration emiiployed.


The authors compare two different mixing models: KPP and the GISS model against data in the Mediterranean Sea. In principle, this is a worthwhile exercise provided the reader is being made aware of the key physical difference the two models. This is not done properly in this paper. It is demonstrably untrue that, as the authors write "There is a plethora of SOC" (second-order closure). Here the authors may be confusing SOC models with models for the dissipation which may indeed assume a variety of forms. The freedom in the SOC models stems from the way one chooses the form of the pressure correlations. The original MY (Mellor-Yamada) models chose a set of values which led to the prediction of a very small (0.19) critical Richardson number above which turbulence mixing subsides. In an important paper in 1985, Martin showed that to reproduce the measured depth of the ML, Ri(cr) had to be of order unity, four times


Two possibilities are conceived in the application of the magnetic bubbles. One of them is for mass memories to replace magnetic drums or magnetic disks. Whereas another is for some novel functional devices utilized in such field as picture information handling and others. By using 52um thick TmFeO3 orthoferrite platelet and 1.2um thick permalloy chips, we realized some functional shift matrixes having the capabilities of shifting the bubbles in two dimensional directions. In the reference 1, we had pointed out that this functional shift matrix is well suited to realize an array logic function, and had described the concepts of the picture rotation on this functional matrix. We have developed an 9 × 9 bits experimental model of picture rotation device and have experimentally verified the function of the picture rotation.


A chiral continuous bed was realized by a simple one-step synthesis and used to perform enantioseparations of drugs in nano-liquid chromatography (nano-LC). The capillary for mat of columns of this miniaturized technique allows to easily prepare in situ the chromatographic media. The continuous bed (also called monolithic) column was synthesized employing water-soluble comonomers and hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HP-β-CD) was selected as a chiral selector. In order to make possible the one-step synthesis, HP-β-CD was previously activated as the allyl derivative. Several polymeric mixtures were studied to increase the enantiorecognition capability of the column. Analyses were carried out employing aqueous mobile phases, and the effect of organic modifiers and pH on enantiomeric resolution was studied. Among tested compounds, nomifensine and naproxen were baseline resolved, using a mobile phase containing respectively 20/80 methanol / water and 20/80 acetonitrile / water, both buffered with 0.1% triethylamine-acetate. A partial resolution was also achieved for praziquantel, metomidate and 5-methyl-5-phenyl-hydantoin.


2.1 ROLE OF THE INVENTION DEVELOP TIRE SIDE WALLS, characterized by ELEVATED LONG-TERM STABILITY WITH PROPERTIES AND OPTIMUM MECHANICAL ELASTICAS. 2.2 FOUND THAT THIS IS POSSIBLE TO TIRE SIDE WALLS WHOSE COMPONENTS ARE RUBBER polydiene rubbers crosslinked with 1,2-DITIOALCANDIIL BRIDGES. 2.3 WITH NEW SIDE WALLS ARE EQUIPPED particularly advantageously automobile tires.


Sodium metal was used as a soluble anode in a fused salt voltaic cell for the electrolytic production of refractory materials. A charge of NaCl-KCl was placed in a stainless steel container. After melting the salt, the cathode was lowered to the bottom of the cell and sodium metal added. A small amount of K2ZrF6 was then added with additional portiono placed in the container at 30 min intervals during the reaction. At the conclusion of the reaction, the zirconium crystals were separated from adhering salts by boiling first with water and then with dilute HCl. Several modifications of the method were tried in order to obtain the highest yield and best crystals. Although the particle size is similar to that reported for the zirconium produced from electrolysis of molten salt solutions, the dendritic form is more pronounced. (M.C.G.)


T h e I n t e r n a t i o n a l M a r i t i m e Organization (IMO), which regulates international shipping, has struggled with how to control greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from ships since 1997, when the Kyoto Protocol to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change tasked it with limiting or reducing GHG emissions. The IMO finally agreed, at the 72nd session of its Marine Environment Protection Committee (MEPC 72) in April 2018, to an initial strategy to reduce GHG emissions from ships. As summarized by Rutherford and Comer (2018), the initial strategy calls for improving the operational efficiency of international shipping, as an average across the fleet, by at least 40% by 2030, and aiming for a 70% improvement by 2050 (both percentages compared to 2008 levels). It also calls for at least a 50% reduction in GHG emissions from international shipping by 2050, compared to 2008 levels, and for the phase out of GHGs from the sector as soon as possible. Following the adoption of this initial strategy, attention is focusing on how to meet these targets. Accordingly, we examine two underutilized technologies—windassist and hull air lubrication—that could help achieve the IMO's goals.


QCITY (Quiet City Transport) is an Integrated Project financed by the European Commission within the 6th Framework. 27 contractors from more than 10 nations are participating. The total budget is 13.5 MEuro of which European Commission is contributing with 7.4 MEuro. The project aims at supporting the EU Directive 2002/49/EC on noise mapping and noise action plans. Cities with more than 250 000 inhabitants shall deliver their noise maps before June 30, 2007 and a Noise Action Plan before July 18, 2008. QCITY will therefore provide tools to be used by European Cities when elaborating their Noise Action Plans. QCITY contains six Sub Projects (SP1 - SP6). In SP1 new methods are developed in order to identify and rank hot spots, where residents are annoyed by the traffic noise. The new method will use the noise maps according to the 2002/49/EC as input data. The new method will consider not only the highest outdoor sound level at the facade but also the sound levels indoors, at the back-yard, type of contributing traffic system and the sound level generally in the area around the apartment etc. SP2 will study more in detail the annoyance rating for different vehicle classes and the possibility to reduce noise by traffic control. SP3 are studying the noise reduction potentials for the wheel/rail and tyre/road systems. SP4 are studying how noise can be reduced by affecting sound propagation e.g. by new novel screen designs as well as by new concepts of city planning. SP5 will study how these new noise control and calculation tools can be applied and implemented in model cities (Augsburg, Stuttgart, Brussels, Ghent, Athens, Stockholm and Gothenburg will be used as example cities). In SP6 is finally the project information collected and disseminated to the end users, the European City Administrations. In this paper a brief description will also be made on the post-processing algorithms for creating maps of the noise nuisance experienced by residents. Some achievements for case studies in Stuttgart-Fildern are presented (A). For the covering abstract of the conference see ITRD E212343.


We analyzed the dynamics of multi-species butterfly communities along a climatic gradient with varying precipitation regimes for three consecutive years, and determine how climatic variables associate with observed butterfly seasonality. To provide a baseline for future studies of how climate change might affect these butterfly populations, we additionally explored the role of butterfly seasonality as a potential contributing factor for their susceptibility to climate variation. As far as we know, this represents the first study that simultaneously sampled and described seasonality patterns of tropical butterfly communities across ecosystems with varying climatic seasonality. A 3-year survey was carried out at three sites (i.e., wet, transition and dry forests) across a climatic gradient in western Ecuador. Butterflies were sampled using traps baited with rotting banana and prawn every two months from Nov 2010 to Sep 2013. Traps were set up at two heights, in the understory and canopy. In total, 7046 individuals of 212 species were sampled over 180 sampling days. Butterfly communities exhibited conspicuous intra and inter-annual variation in temporal dynamics with certain elements (e.g., maximum abundance recorded) of seasonality patterns likely synchronized in seasonal forests (i.e., transition and dry forest) across years but not in aseasonal forests (i.e., wet forest). In addition, the highest numbers of species and individuals occurred during the wet season across all study sites and years; indeed, rainfall was significantly positively associated with temporal abundance. Likewise, butterfly species displaying stronger seasonality were significantly associated with higher rainfall periods in seasonal forests. Variation in precipitation regimes might significantly affect more seasonal species.


In alcohol-dependent animals, withdrawal from alcohol activates a neuronal ensemble in the central nucleus of the amygdala (CeA) that is responsible for the escalation of alcohol drinking. However, the neuronal phenotype and neuronal pathways that are controlled by these neurons are unknown. We investigated the cellular identity of this CeA neuronal ensemble and found that most neurons expressed corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF). Using Crh -Cre transgenic rats combined with in vivo optogenetics, we tested whether the inactivation of CeA CRF neurons prevents excessive alcohol self-administration during withdrawal. Rats were injected with AAV-DIO-NpHR-eYFP or AAV-DIO-eYFP (control) and implanted with optical fibers in the CeA. The animals were then exposed to chronic intermittent ethanol to induce alcohol dependence. The inactivation of CeA CRF neurons decreased alcohol drinking in dependent rats to levels that were observed before the animals became dependent and completely prevented activation of the entire CeA neuronal ensemble (Fos+ neurons) during withdrawal. No effect was observed in the AAV-DIO-eYFP control group or on water or saccharin self-administration in either group. In a second experiment, the rats were injected with AAV-DIO-NpHR-eYFP in the CeA, and optical fibers were implanted into downstream projection regions of CeA CRF neurons, including the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST), lateral hypothalamus (LH), parasubthalamic nucleus (pSTN), substantia innominata (SI), and parabrachial nuclei (PBN). The optogenetic inactivation of CRF terminals in the BNST recapitulated the effect on alcohol drinking that was observed with the inactivation of CeA CRF cell bodies, whereas inactivation of the LH, SI, and PBN had no effect. These results indicate that the activation of CeA CRF neurons during withdrawal is required for recruitment of the CeA neuronal ensemble that is responsible for excessive alcohol drinking in dependent rats. The CRF projection to the BNST but not LH, pSTN, SI, test with in vivo optogenetics and immediate early gene brain mapping. dissected the role of the different downstream CeA-CRF pathways in alcohol dependence using optogenetic inactivation of CRF terminals from CeA neurons that project to the BNST (CRF CeA-BNST LH and pSTN CeA-LH/pSTN substantia innominata (SI; CRF CeA-SI and parabrachial CRF CeA-PBN ; self-administration, F 1,14 p F 2,28 no ´ F medial amygdala (CeM), and central amygdala (CeC). The optogenetic inhibition of CeL CRF neurons


Remote  sensing  has  become  more  and  more  a  reliable  tool  for  mapping  land  cover  and  monitoring  cropland. Much of the work done in this field uses optical remote sensing data. In Morocco, active remote sensing data remain under-exploited despite their importance in monitoring spatial and temporal dynamics of land cover and crops even during cloudy weather. This study aims to explore the potential of C-band Sentinel-1 data in the production of a high-resolution land cover mapping and crop classification within the irrigated Loukkos watershed agricultural landscape in northern Morocco. The work was achieved by using 33 dual-polarized images in vertical-vertical  (VV)  and  vertical-horizontal  (VH)  polarizations.  The  images  were  acquired  in  ascending  orbits  between  April 16 and October 25, 2020, with the purpose to track the backscattering behavior of the main crops and other land  cover  classes  in  the  study  area.  The  results  showed  that  the  backscatter  increased  with  the  phenological  development  of  the  monitored  crops  (rice,  watermelon,  peanuts,  and  winter  crops),  strongly  for  the  VH  and  VV  bands, and slightly for the VH/VV ratio. The other classes (water, built-up, forest, fruit trees, permanent vegetation, greenhouses, and bare lands) did not show significant variation during this period. Based on the backscattering analysis and the field data, a supervised classification was carried out, using the Random Forest Classifier (RF) algorithm.  Results  showed  that  radiometric  characteristics  and  6  days'  time  resolution  covered  by  Sentinel-1  constellation gave a high classification accuracy by dual-polarization with Radar Ratio (VH/VV) or Radar Vegetation Index and textural features (between 74.07% and 75.19%). Accordingly, this study proves that the Sentinel-1 data provide useful information and a high potential for multi-temporal analyses of crop monitoring, and reliable land cover mapping which could be a practical source of information for various purposes in order to undertake food security issues.


The discovery that vrtamin-E (Tocopherol), a component of the unsaponifiable fraction of lipids serves as a major anti-oxidant has led to repeated evaluation studies on the tocopherol content of edible oils using newer techniques ranging from chromatographic studies to simple colorlmetric analysis. The interest in vitamin-E stems from various studies that point to its role as an antioxidant that prevents the oxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and phospholipids thereby helping to maintain the integrity of cellular membranes.


Abstract : Attenuation of electromagnetic radiation by rain may pose problems in the operation of many of the existing or proposed military surveillance, weapon guidance, and communications systems. The evaluation and/or calibration of such systems may be possible with a high-resolution rain rate meter. The Air Force Geophysics Lab. has designed and constructed a prototype instrument for the derivation of rain rate from electronic measurements of collected water. This device gives 30-s averaged-rate-values every 3 s and produces rain rate records that show a detailed structure of the rainfall variability. Since this measuring concept does not require a particular weight or volume of collected water before a reading, it is a considerable improvement over the rain measuring instruments currently in general use. This report describes the prototype instrument and specifies the data reduction techniques that have been devised for this particular rain-measuring concept. The information contained should enable others to construct similar devices and avoid some of the problems that plagued our initial efforts. Consideration of the recommendations made in this report may result in more efficient instruments and/or better methods of data reduction. Keywords include: Electronic balance, and weight measurements.


We have investigated the assembly of complexes associated with in vitro cleavage and polyadenylation of synthetic pre‐mRNAs by native gel electrophoresis. Incubation of SP6‐generated pre‐mRNA containing the adenovirus L3 polyadenylation site in HeLa cell nuclear extract results in the rapid assembly of specific complexes. Formation of these complexes precedes the appearance of cleaved intermediates and polyadenylated products and is dependent on an intact polyadenylation signal within the pre‐mRNA. The specific complexes do not form on RNAs with point mutations in the AAUAAA sequence upstream of the L3 polyadenylation site. Furthermore, such mutant RNAs cannot compete for factors involved in the assembly of specific complexes on wild‐type pre‐mRNA. Upon complex formation a 67‐nucleotide region of the L3 pre‐mRNA is protected from RNase T1 digestion. This region contains both the upstream AAUAAA signal and the GU‐rich downstream sequences. Cleavage and polyadenylation occur within the specific complexes and the processed RNA is subsequently released. We propose that the assembly of specific complexes represents an essential step during pre‐mRNA 3′ end formation in vitro.


In the present era full of hoaxes, conspiracies, and fake news, the credibility of information is a necessary and important attribute that internet media, and especially news publishers, strive to achieve. It is natural that readers evaluate the trustworthiness of information they read. According to the previous research, such an evaluation could be influenced by many cues, for example, the presence of discussion comments, likes or shares. In the present article, we examine how different type of comments (emotional/factual content, supportive/contradicting content, low/high number of likes) could influence the credibility of the associated information. The research sample consisted of 924 participants from Slovakia. Using a path analysis and MANCOVA, none of the experimental conditions had a substantial effect on the perceived message credibility. The obtained results contradict the existing empirical evidence. One of the explanations of the null results might dwell in the underpowered design of the existing studies. Many of them have low sensitivity to detect even medium effects or are absenting any form of corrections of the family-wise error rate.


When there is conflict regarding which action plan to execute in response to a sensory stimulus, the brain exerts greater cognitive control to try and resolve the conflict. In their Perspective, [Matsumoto and Tanaka][1] explain new work ([ Kerns et al .][2]) showing that the detection of action-plan conflict by the anterior cingulate cortex leads to recruitment of greater cognitive control in the lateral prefrontal cortex.

 [1]: http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/303/5660/969
 [2]: http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/short/303/5660/1023


ABSTRACf Survival and growth of striped bass, Morone sa:l:atilis, and its hybrids were compared in the first 30 days after hatching to determine if the reported heterosis of hybrid striped bass is evident in the larval stage. Larvae of striped bass (SB); striped bass x white bass (WBX), M. sa:l:atilis Q x M. chrysops 0'; and striped bass x white perch (WPX), M. sa:l:atilis Q x M. america'/IQ. 0', were reared under controlled conditions in the laboratory (19°C, 3°too) and under ambient conditions in freshwater pond enclosures. In the laboratory SB had a significantly higher mean survival rate at 30 days of age than either hybrid. In the pond enclosures neither mean survival nor size at 30 days differed significantly among the types of larvae. Mean rates of growth in length, which ranged from 0.28 to 0.36 mm d- I in the laboratory and from 0.30 to 0.32 mm d -I in the enclosures did not differ significantly among the types of larvae. Mean rates of growth in weight of 15.0 to 19.0% d -I were not significantly different in the laboratory, but the rates did differ significantly in the pond enclosures, where the WBX (17.9% d- I ) and WPX (17.3% dI ) rates were significantly higher than the SB (15.5% dI ). If 30-day-old fry were to be reared in hatcheries, there is no clear production advantage for hybrids. A possible initial expression of hybrid vigor, recognized by faster rates of growth in weight, was evident in WBX and WPX at 1 month of age in the pond enclosures but not in the laboratory tanks.


Aiming at the causes and mechanism inducing the skip fall accidents in main shaft hoisting and according to all kinds of failure types probably occurred,this article presents the fact that the overload hoisting is the primary factor causing the skip fall accident by means of the FTA safety analysis method.This article has established one kind of "OOB" theoretical analysis model for avoiding the overload and preventing the occurrence of skip fall accident.Some feasible technique measures are proposed.


We investigate the nature of phase transitions in a generalized uniformly frustrated square-lattice model with XY spins. The frustration is made to vary by changing the negative bond strength \ensuremath{\eta}. From ground-state (GS) analysis we find that, below the critical value \ensuremath{\eta}=(1/3), the GS is ferromagnetic, while for \ensuremath{\eta}g(1/3), it is doubly degenerate with canted spin configurations. This suggests the existence of an Ising-like transition. This is confirmed by our extensive Monte Carlo simulations. In addition, there is a Kosterlitz-Thouless-like transition at higher temperature for \ensuremath{\eta}\ensuremath{\ne}1. In the fully frustrated case (\ensuremath{\eta}=1), these two transitions are merged into a single one of dominant Ising character. These conclusions follow from a finite-size-scaling analysis and a visualization of the ordering.


The status quo of design of information accessible education website and screen reader software is described. Standard of information accessible website is briefly presented. The problems that are encountered when the screen reader software is used to read the website are analyzed. A solution to these problems is proposed. In the proposed solution, the webpage design principles are required to be adapted to the needs of screen reader software so that the visually impaired users scan read information from the website more easily. The aim of this paper is to spread the knowledge about standardization of information accessible website, promote its use during the development of education websites information accessible, and ensure that these websites can be easily read by screen reader.


Summary Gene annotation enrichment analysis is the gold standard for studying the biological context of a set of genes, but available tools often overlook important network properties of the underlying gene regulatory system. This paper introduces the NETwork ANnotation enrichment package, NetAn, which augments annotation analysis with approaches such as the inference of closely related genes to include local neighbors in the analysis, and the separation of over-representation analyses based on network clustering, cliques, and the extraction of separate components. By using NetAn, an example of how such approaches enhance the identification of pertinent annotations in human gene sets is demonstrated. Availability and Implementation The software is implemented in Python under a GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE V3, and can be downloaded from https://github.com/rasma774/netan. Contact email@example.com Supplementary Information The code relevant to this article is available in the doc/article material folder of the NetAn repository.


The use of IoT applications for agricultural in Malaysia is still low. The farmers are mainly using the traditional method compared to modern agriculture by using advanced technology system like IoT application. However, the use of traditional agriculture requires a lot of work and use of labour. This will result their agricultural system become less efficient and quality of production becoming low. Thus, development of system for monitoring and automation are needed to help farmers to manage their agriculture. This paper focused on development of smart agriculture for monitoring and automation system on chili plants using IoT application. The system is developed using Arduino as microcontroller, soil moisture sensor, DHT11 sensor (temperature and humidity), ultrasonic sensor, servo motor, water pump and ESP8266 (Wi-Fi Module). The Wi-Fi module provides internet access to the local network which allows the system to connect to the system and the mobile phone. Soil moisture sensor used to measure the moisture of soil content. DHT11 sensor was used to measure the temperature and humidity of surrounding area of plants. Ultrasonic sensor was used to measure the height of plants. Servo motor is controlled by automation system via Remote XY Apps to provide the fertilizer to the plants. The water pump also can be controlled by the Remote XY apps as to water the plants. Then, data that was collected from the sensors was sent to user via Remote XY apps where user can control the system that is to turn on the servo motor and water pump to fertilize and water to the plants. Therefore, this system can help farmers to manage their agriculture efficiently and improve their quality and quantity of crops.


Objective To investigate the effects of ganglioside GM1 and/or mild hypothermia on the expression of heat shock protein 70(HSP70) and neuropeptide Y(NPY) in the neonatal rats following hypoxic-ischemia. Methods Fifty neonate rats,subjected to unilateral left carotid artery ligation and given 8% oxygen for 2h,were randomly allocated to sham operation group (A), model group (B), GM1 group (C), hypothermia group (D), GM1 and hypothermia group (E) with 10 rats each.The expression levels of HSP70 and NPY mRNA and protein in the brain tissue of the rats were detected by semi-quantitative reverse transcriptionpolymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and immunohistochemical staining.Results The protein and mRNA expressions of HSP70 and NPY were weaker in group A,increased in group B.The levels of HSP70 protien and mRNA further went up in the intervention groups and the expression levels in group E was the highest.On the contrary,NPY protein and mRNA expressions were significantly reduced in each intervention group,and the most obvious changes were observed in group E.Conclusion The protective effects of ganglioside GM1 and/or mild hypothermia on hypoxic-ischemic brain damage(HIBD) in neonatal rats were probably associated with the expressions of HSP70 and NPY.


In this paper, the problem of estimating directions of arrival (DOAs) of multiple sources observed on the background of white noise by using MUtiple SIgnal Classification (MUSIC) algorithm is proposed. This demonstrates the systems user oriented steering abilities. Using this approach reduces the interference substantially and hence increases the capacity of the system. Smart antenna simulation is done by considering multiple paths with multiple directions of arrivals of signals. The simulations confirmed that smart system have an ability to distinguish between signals of interest and interferers by directing beams in the directions of the desired signals and nulls in the directions of the interferers.


s In an attempt to capture the unexpected forms taken by excessive violence since the epochal years of 1989-91, Robert Kaplan has argued that these developments indicate a coming anarchy, which has to be prevented (Kaplan 1994). This statement is based on the assumption that the level at which wars are being fought has shifted from the level of the state to a 'lower' level. It is argued that in most of these conflicts, non-state actors are involved on at least one side. The motivation and goals of these non-state actors seem not to follow political or ideological imperatives but have other sources, which may be eth-nic, economic, or the fact that violence has become an autonomous force. Things would look different, however, if this diffusion were no more than a transitional phase after the breakdown of the polar order of the Cold War. The paradigm of the wars to come would then be determined not by the order/anarchy antithesis, but by the conflict between different conceptions of order. Finally, I argue that there will be a re-politicization of war and violence in the long run. dimension, which forms the hidden underside of the 'war on terror-ism'. In other words, our contemporary situation is characterized by the mobilization not only of fundamentalist and conservative ideolo-gies, but, increasingly, racial antagonisms and prejudices directed towards the Muslim other. This paper criticizes an empirical reading of On Perpetual Peace . It is also equally critical of the approach taken by philosophically minded scholars to give preference to Kant's philosophical outlook. Instead, it focuses on the peculiar oscillation between the philosophical and political aspects of the essay. Contrary to current concerns to update the conceptual framework of On Perpetual Peace —to rescue it from becoming obsolete—its salient irony, which mediates between both aspects, is singled out as a clue to an interpretation which seeks to account for both of them. Thus, the essay can still be a source of inspiration for peace research. This article tries to actualize Carl Schmitt's critique of liberal inter-nationalism in what the author calls the 'liberal globalist paradigm', which substitutes a post-sovereign humanitarian-moralist discourse for political arguments. This discourse helps shape a new inequality in the interstate system based on the ability to invoke humanist lan-guage; an ability that is systematically skewed in favour of Western states. The post-sovereign discourse hides an aggressive liberal anti-pluralism which only acknowledges liberal-capitalist societies as legitimate and reserving the right to intervene and criticize globally. The new re-configuration of power manifests itself in the war on terror and in humanitarian interventions. how the most revisionist strategy for global


— We ex-perimentally study a system of n ≤ 8 microscopic dust particles floating in a plasma and confined in a two-dimensional biharmonic potential well as the well anisotropy is varied. When the well is highly anisotropic, the particles lie in a one-dimensional straight configuration. As the anisotropy is decreased, the system undergoes a 1D-2D zigzag transition. The well anisotropy is determined by measuring the center-of-mass frequencies from the particles' Brownian motion. The cluster is characterized by its root-mean-squared (rms) length and width. The transverse size of the cluster y rms is used to characterize the 1D-2D transition. Near the critical point, we find that y rms closely follows a power law, indicating that the transition can be viewed as a continuous phase transition from a 1D to a 2D state, even though the number of particles is small. A second structural transition to an "elliptical" state is also observed. The experimental results are in good agreement with a model for particles interacted through a Debye potential and confined in a biharmonic well.


In 1830 the Jamaican Legislature passed a bill stating that "All such persons of free condition shall henceforth be entitled to have and enjoy all the rights, privileges, and immunities and advantages whatsoever to which they would have been entitled if born and descended from white ancestors"1 (my emphasis). By this enactment a class of Jamaicans (with counterparts scattered all over nineteenth century West Indian plantation society) acquired recognition and status tantamount to full citizen ship in a society which had up to then treated them as second class inhabitants; and as such they were deprived of most rights and privileges, not least among them freedom of expression. That class of Jamaicans (referred to in the quotation above as "such persons") were none other than the Free Coloureds — that group of native born and native bred West Indians who were to give special character to the West Indian social order during slavery and were to confound the otherwise simple arrangement of White, free, propertied and powerful overlords at the top and black, enslaved and powerless labour at the base.


Encourage firms engaged in the bakery industry in potentiating the purchase of adversiting space to promote its products primarily in peak periods or epochs sale. Also, we propose as an added value to the baking industry in the district of Ate which will serve as a pilot to be implemented and developed in other districts of Lima and nationally.


Schools in the 21st century are supervised and managed electronically with the use of computer system and other electronic device. Biometric machine as one of such device is a unique machine capable of managing time attendance in any school or organization such as employee work hour, resumption and departure time, number of hours worked, number of days at work, amount of extra hours worked, amount of extra hours incentives earned, adequate staff monitoring, existence of ghost workers, number of punctual employees, number of late employees and number of absent employees. But there are numerous challenges faced by principals and school supervisors in using this wonderful machine. This paper seeks to identify these challenges and profound solutions to them. Questionnaires were designed, distributed and completed by twenty four administrative staff, fifty two teaching staff and fifty two staff from other department in Access High School, Calabar municipality in Cross River State. The departments were selected as a cluster to represent the school generally. Results indicated that administrative staff and the teaching staff believe that biometric machine strengthen their commitment to work as they are being monitor and paid accordingly. While other staff including kitchen, library, security, gardeners etc. believe that the use of biometric machine in school supervision contribute to the shortage in their salary. The paper concludes that the negative perception about the use of biometric machine in school supervision can only occur when the machine is faulty or as a backup battery problem and that biometric machine is a blessing for school supervisors and administrators and it makes their work more efficient than before.


In an effort to make a functional and stable yogurt, this study investigated the improvement effects of sea tangle extract and sea tangle yogurt on intestinal function. The intestinal improvement effect of the extract was measured by the charcoal meal transit method, employing Balb/C mice. And constipation relief was compared utilizing the loperamide-induced constipation method, employing SD rats. Charcoal meal transit was remarkably increased in the mice receiving sea tangle extract as compared to the controls. The constipation relief effects of the sea tangle and sea tangle yogurt were evaluated by measuring fecal amounts in the rats after adding them to water. The fecal contents increased remarkably in the sea tangle administered rat groups as compared to the control group. In addition, different yogurt samples were used to evaluate the characteristics of the sea tangle yogurt. During storage, pH slightly decreased in the yogurt with sea tangle as well as without. At the same time, acidity slowly increased as the storage duration increased. As time elapsed, the amounts of viable cells increased in both yogurts (with and without sea tangle). In the sensory evaluation, significant differences were shown between the sea tangle yogurt and the control for color, flavor, sweetness, and overall quality. Overall, based on the combined results of the intestinal function effects and sensory evaluation, the 0.25% sea tangle yogurt proved to be superior.


--------------------------------------------------------ABSTRACT----------------------------------------------------------Early Homeopaths treated both humans and animals. So when we considered data on Pet dogs Physical problems and treatment given through homeopathy medicine and analyzed the data using Markov Models. The objective of this research work is to establish through statistical analysis how effectively homeopathy medicine is useful in treating different physical ailments of pet dogs in the present contemporary situation. Our analysis established more than 90% effectiveness of the medicine in solving the above mentioned problems. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Date of Submission: 25 April 2017 Date of Accepted: 11 May 2017 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


The paper introduces the Text Encoding Initiative Guidelines, a formal specification and accompanying documentation defining a vocabulary of XML elements, meant for the annotation of texts for scholarly purposes. TEI is widely used for the encoding of e.g. complex texts in digital libraries, for a wide variety of text types. The paper describes the history and organisation of the Text Encoding Initiative, the structure of the Guidelines and gives several use cases. It then moves on to the question of internationalisation: while TEI elements can describe text in any language, the Guidelines themselves are nevertheless in English. However, TEI offers several possibilities of how to translate (parts of) the Guidelines. We discuss them, and offer a new, resource light alternative.


Background At the group level, the classification criteria for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) developed in 2010 identify patients earlier than the 1987 criteria. However, performance of the new criteria in subjects negative for rheumatoid factor (RF) and anti-citrullinated protein autoantibodies (ACPA) is object of debate [1, 2]. In these patients, classification may be missed despite severe joint and systemic inflammation. Objectives To evaluate disease characteristics and arthritis persistence in autoantibody-negative patients with early polyarthritis fulfilling only 5 of the 10 points of the 2010 classification criteria for RA. Methods We included early arthritis patients from our Early Arthritis Cohort with at least one clinically swollen joint, symptoms for less than 12 months, no other explanation of arthritis and naïve to glucocorticoids and disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs) at presentation. At baseline, fulfillment of each specific domain of the 1987 and the 2010 criteria was recorded. RF and ACPA were centrally determined on baseline sera. RF- and ACPA-negative patients achieving a total score of 5 in the 2010 criteria were compared to patients fulfilling RA criteria for baseline characteristics and for arthritis persistence (28-joints disease activity score [DAS28] >3.2) after 2 months of follow-up. Results Of the total population of 882 patients with new-onset inflammatory arthritis, comprehensive evaluation of the fulfillment of the 1987 and the 2010 criteria was available in 771 cases (87.4%). Of these, 476 (61.7%) were negative for both RF and ACPA. Among autoantibody-negative patients, 193 (40.5%) scored less than 6 points according to the 2010 criteria, with 82 (42.4%) scoring 5 points. 35.4% of these patients were captured by the 1987 criteria at baseline. Reasons for not fulfilling 1987 criteria in the remaining were morning stiffness <60 min in the majority of the cases (62.3%). As expected, autoantibody-negative patients scoring 5 points had lower disease activity with respect to autoantibody-negative patients fulfilling RA criteria (Table 1). Rather, disease activity, pain and loss of function were comparable to those of autoantibody-positive early RA patients (Table 1). After 2 months of follow-up, 58.1% of autoantibody-negative patients scoring 5 points remained in moderate disease activity (DAS28 >3.2). Conclusion In autoantibody-negative patients with new-onset arthritis scoring 5 of the 10 points of the 2010 criteria for RA classification, arthritis is equally severe and disabling compared to autoantibody-positive patients classified as RA from baseline. In the majority of these patients, arthritis persists in the short term. Prospective data are thus awaited in order to assess whether the cut point of the 2010 criteria needs to be lowered in autoantibody-negative inflammatory polyarthritis. References [1] Jung SJ, et al. Ann Rheum Dis 2012;71:1097-8 [2] Boeters DM, et al. Semin Arthritis Rheum 2017;47:170-174.Abstract Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the study cohort autoantibody-negative2010 ACR/EULAR score=5 autoantibody-negative2010 ACR/EULAR score ≥6 p autoantibody-positive2010 ACR/EULAR score ≥6 p symptoms' duration, median (IQR), weeks 30.6 (10.7 to 37.1) 15.6 (9.9-26.3) 0.04 15.3 (8.5 to 28.8) 0.04 DAS28, mean (SD) 4.53 (0.83) 5.25 (1.08) <0.001 4.72 (1.15) 0.05 VAS pain, median (IQR) 51.5 (32.5-70.5) 62 (50-80) 0.01 50 (31-77.5) 0.76 HAQ, median (IQR) 1 (0.47-1.5) 1.25 (0.75-1.88) 0.003 1 (0.5-1.5) 0.44 Disclosure of Interests Silvia Grignaschi: None declared, Serena Bugatti Speakers bureau: Bristol-Myers Squibb, Celgene, Lilly, Novartis, Sanofi, Janssen, Francesca Benaglio: None declared, Garifallia Sakellariou: None declared, Antonio Manzo: None declared, Roberto Caporali Speakers bureau: AbbVie, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Celgene, Roche, Genzyme, Lilly, MSD, Pfizer, UCB, Carlomaurizio Montecucco Speakers bureau: AbbVie, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Celgene, Sanofi, Genzyme, Lilly, MSD, Pfizer, UCB


A computer model for the design of superconducting resonators has been developed which includes feedback effects due to non-linear superconducting surface resistance. These non-linearites may be due to either magnetic field or temperature. We have utilized this model to optimize the design of accelerating resonators for heavy ions. A half-wave structure of this design has been fabricated and is being evaluated with respect to the parameters of the model. Preliminary experimental results agree with the model to within a few percent. The half-wave design is particularly well suited to high frequency, high ß resonators because of its low magnetic field, or to low frequency, very low ß resonators because of its good mechanical stability.


Rat model was widely used to investigate bone mechanical properties thought physiologic changes: osteoporosis, physical activities, mutation, ageing . . . Mechanical properties were generally observed at the organ (Tuukkanen et al. 2000) or tissue level (Kholes et al. 1996) and few study correlated organ morphological and physico chemical properties (Akkus et al. 2004). In the present study, we intended to correlate mechanical properties at the tissue level and microscopic level with tissue morphological and physico chemical properties in a growth and senescence model of Wistar rat.


Compounds obtainable from plants, e.g. of the genus Eucalyptus, or from microorganisms are shown to be useful as CNS activity modulators useful e.g. in the treatment of depression, for lifting mood and/or for increasing behavioural initiative and the like. This use and related aspects form embodiments of the invention. Also compounds as such are presented. The compounds useful are acylphloroglucine derivatives of the formula I,
wherein the substituents are as defined in the description.


A microwave feedback oscillator with a saturable amplifier and a nonlinear magnetostatic spin wave signal-to-noise enhancer device in the feedback loop is described. The oscillator has bistable behaviour and can be turned on with short low power microwave pulses.


Through bilateral destruction of the amygdaloid nuclear complex in infant and adult animals and through subsequent observations under careful feeding in sxne period of time, following results were obtained:


The diversified needs for talents put forward new requirements for practice teaching, which requires the systematic construction of practice teaching system to meet the social needs and the personalized needs of students. This paper discusses the construction of the practice teaching system of English Majors in details through four ways: optimizing the objective system of practice teaching, reorganizing the form and content of practice teaching, innovating the evaluation system and improving the guarantee system of practice teaching, so as to improve the practice teaching continuously and build a complete and scientific practice teaching system.


The authors investigate the use of a genetic algorithm to control the evolution of artificial neural networks for the purpose of detecting edges in single-line digitized images. Specialpurpose neurons are used in an architecture which is fixed in terms of inter-layer connectivity but free in terms of number of layers, activation functions, and other attributes. Preliminary results indicate that three of the free attributes do have a best form.


Although a relationship between reproductive factors and breast cancer risk has been known for long, there are many contradictions between different studies, and a connection with a biological mechanism has not yet been found. Recently, new details have been revealed about different effects of pregnancy on breast cancer risk. During pregnancy breast cancer risk is strongly reduced, while inversely,some years after giving birth the risk is increased. Furthermore, risk is strongly reduced in women whose consecutive births of four or more children occur after short intervals and are terminated before the age of 30. Recently, we have postulated rhythmicity in the occurrence of breast cancer in a subgroup of young women. By analogy with circadian rhythms it may be assumed that circannual rhythms too are influenced by synchronizers and masking effects. In circadian rhythms masking may be by external or internal periodic factors, such as the sleep/wake cycle, meal timing and activity. Over the year pregnancy may...


1. Shortcuts to Failure. 2 Tales from the Trenches. 3. Making Sense Out of Ethics. 4. Is It "Me-I" or "We"? 5. Deontology versus Relativism. 6. Identifying the Standard. 7. The Role of Religion in Ethics. 8. Exploring the Systems Approach. 9. The Legacy of Laissez Faire Economics. 10. When Downsizing is Unethical. 11. Evaluation and Reward: The Primary Shapers of Culture. 12. To Empower or Not to Empower, That Is the Question. 13. Training and Teambuilding Make it Work.


Anger evoked by accidents, incompetence, or malice of others is common in everyday life. Different ways of thinking about anger-evoking events can change their emotional, physiological, and social outcomes. Rumination keeps negative events in mind, maintains negative emotions, and has been associated with depression. Reappraisal also keeps negative events in mind but changes their interpretation. …


Makrigiannakis, A., E. Zoumakis, S. Kalantaridou, G. Chrousos & A. Gravanis. 2003. Uterine and embryonic trophoblast CRH promotes implantation and maintenance of early pregnancy. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 997: 85–92. Inadvertently, the following paper was not cited in the above article: Makrigiannakis, A., E. Zoumakis, S. Kalantaridou, N. Mitsiades, A. Margioris, G.P. Chrousos & A. Gravanis. 2003. Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) and immunotolerance of the fetus. Biochem. Pharmacol. 65(6): 917–921. The authors apologize for this error.


Embodiment of the present invention discloses a method to form a beamforming microphone array speech, comprising the step of converting a digital signal, the frequency domain signal acquiring step of acquiring delay step of the delay compensation step and weighted stacking step, especially in the acquisition step using a phase delay based on TDE conversion to obtain a spatial position of the sound source to the target, the enhanced beamformed signal processing with respect to the prior art to enhance the positioning accuracy of three-dimensional space and directivity, greatly enhanced far in complex acoustic environments distance pickup ability to obtain high-quality voice signal, reducing noise and other interference. Embodiments of the present invention also discloses a method and system for speech signal processing apparatus.


Homogeneous films of poly(1,4-phenylene) (PPP) can be deposited on various materials by electro-reduction of 4,4′-dibromobiphenyl in presence of a nickel complex catalyst. UV and IR spectra indicate that the polymer has a regular structure (exclusively 1,4-phenylene units) and an unusual average molecular weight. The nascent PPP films are obtained in their neutral from and can be either reduced or oxidized.


THE culture area concept has served anthropology long and well; today, where ethnographic material must initially be organized or where comparisons need to be made, it is an extremely useful tool. But the concept has been attacked by various authors as a static classification of cultural traits drawn from a number of time levels (Dixon 1928; Woods 1934; Wheat 1954). Recently, a new interest in the culture area has developed, and with it an attempt to add a dynamic dimension and utilize its potentialities more carefully. Bennett (1948), working with Andean materials, introduced the concept of areal co-tradition, a taxonomic tool for classifying one of the ways culture areas develop through time. Steward (1955:82), in a discussion of the origin and uses of the culture area concept, recognized three problems involved with the addition of historic depth. " .... first, the culture centers or climax points and the boundaries may shift from period to period; second, the nature of the culture may change so profoundly in successive periods that the culture in a given period may have greater resemblance to cultures in other areas than to its predecessors or successors in the same area; and third, portions or subdivisions of the area, although representing a basic tradition in terms of diffused culture elements, may have very unlike structural patterns." Ehrich (1956), modifying the traditional approach and setting up a typology of areas, applied it to the Near East. The theme of his discussion is summed up in the following quotation:'" .... the culture area concept is dynamic rather than static and ... it can add fresh insights to those offered by other ways of analyzing the factors which are responsible for cultural stability or which bring about culture change." The reader is directed to Ehrich's article for a general discussion of the culture area problem and a bibliography on the subject. In 1952, Marian Smith published a stimulating article which went in the opposite direction from Bennett to propose a series of culture area types as possible additions to and/or replacements of the earlier limited static culture area approach.2 Although there is significant overlapping between this article and that by Ehrich, published some four years later, there is no indication that Ehrich was aware of Smith's work. The dynamic culture-area types of Smith are based on the assumption that, through time, a region's or society's culture does not bear the same relationship or have the same intensity of relationship to the cultures surrounding it.


RATIONALE
Preterm infants exposed to mechanical ventilation and oxygen are at risk for bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), a multifactorial chronic lung disorder characterized by arrested alveolar development. Studies have described disruption of microvascular development in BPD, characterized by primitive angioarchitectural patterns reminiscent of the canalicular/saccular stages of lung development. The molecular regulation of this BPD-associated dysangiogenesis remains undetermined.

OBJECTIVES
Endoglin (CD105), a hypoxia-inducible transforming growth factor-beta coreceptor, has been implicated as an important regulator of angiogenesis in various neoplastic and nonneoplastic conditions. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of endoglin and other angiogenesis-related factors in ventilated preterm human lungs.

METHODS
We have studied endoglin protein and mRNA expression in postmortem lungs of short-term and long-term ventilated preterm infants. Control subjects were age-matched infants who had lived for less than 1 hour.

MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS
Lungs of short-term ventilated preterm infants showed significant upregulation of endoglin mRNA and protein levels, immunolocalized to the microvasculature. Similar but more variable endoglin upregulation was noted in lungs of long-term ventilated infants with BPD. The mRNA levels of vascular endothelial growth factor, angiopoietin-1, and their respective receptors were significantly lower in ventilated lungs than in age-matched nonventilated control lungs.

CONCLUSIONS
BPD is associated with a shift from traditional angiogenic growth factors (vascular endothelial growth factor, angiopoietin-1) to alternative regulators such as endoglin, which may contribute to BPD-associated microvascular dysangiogenesis.


The aflatoxin production by Aspergillus ATCC 15517 decreased in the mixed culture with Aspergillus awamori, Aspergillus kawachii, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus oryzae, or with Aspergillus shirousamii to 1.3%, 13.8%, 1.3%, 0.7%, or 38.5% of that of monoculture respectively. These koji molds degraded of added aflatoxin . A. awamori secreted during growth aflatoxin degrading factor(s) which was heat-labile. The degraded aflatoxin by the factor(s) showed no toxicity against Bacillus megaterium NRRL B-1368.


Over the years, researchers have thought extensively about how to communicate anonymously over a network. In this position paper, we first provide an overview of the current research landscape-including a discussion of common communication and anonymity models-and examples of prominent work in this space. In the second half of the paper, we present our thoughts on future directions of interest in this area. In short, we notice an increasing amount of work in the anonymity literature that tackles nearly omnipotent adversaries, which presumably represent the NSA or a similarly powerful surveillance agency. Such strong adversarial models can only be defeated through heavy-handed techniques that may be difficult to scale in practice. We therefore present two guidelines that have guided our own algorithmic problem formulation in this space. These guidelines suggest alternative research directions that (1) exploit surveillance agencies' weaknesses at the physical layer, and (2) consider the many weaker, but still relevant, adversaries who contribute to global censorship and surveillance.


Abstract:Parental height is an important factor for predicting growth hormone (GH) effectiveness in children with GH deficiency (GHD). The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of GH administration on final height in 2 groups of isolated GHD children, those with short parents or normal height


The power spectrum of redshifted 21 cm emission brightness temperature fluctuations is a powerful probe of the Epoch of Reionization (EoR). However, bright foreground emission presents a significant impediment to its unbiased recovery from interferometric data. We estimate the power spectrum within a Bayesian framework and demonstrate that incorporating a priori knowledge of the spectral structure of foregrounds in the large spectral scale component of the data model enables significantly improved modelling of the foregrounds without increasing the model complexity. We explore two astrophysically motivated parametrizations of the large spectral scale model: (i) a constant plus power-law model of the form $q_{0}+q_{1}(\nu /\nu _{0})^{b_{1}}$ for two values of b1: b1 = 〈β〉GDSE and b1 = 〈β〉EGS, the mean spectral indices of the Galactic diffuse synchrotron emission and extragalactic source foreground emission, respectively; and (ii) a constant plus double power-law model of the form $q_{0}+q_{1}(\nu /\nu _{0})^{b_{1}}+q_{2}(\nu /\nu _{0})^{b_{2}}$ with b1 = 〈β〉GDSE and b2 = 〈β〉EGS. We estimate the EoR power spectrum from simulated interferometric data consisting of an EoR signal, Galactic diffuse synchrotron emission, extragalactic sources, and diffuse free–free emission from the Galaxy. We show that, by jointly estimating a model of the EoR signal with the constant plus double power-law parametrization of the large spectral scale model, unbiased estimates of the EoR power spectrum are recoverable on all spatial scales accessible in the data set, including on the large spatial scales that were found to be contaminated in earlier work.


The organizing committee, led by SQACBM Chair Audrey Laplante, is to be commended for putting on a wonderful meeting. The online registration and payment process was easy to navigate. The on-site registration desk was both welcoming and efficient. There was even a choice of coloured conference folders. Maison de Radio-Canada is a huge monolith of a building, but professionally printed signs guided attendees from the front door to the proper room. The room itself was well-appointed, with an adjoining cloakroom for our outerwear. We sat at large, circular tables with plenty of elbowroom between chairs and plenty of table space for both note taking and eating. The food was wonderful throughout the day: coffee, pastries and muffins for breakfast and break time, delicious boxed Le vendredi 29 octobre 2010, 55 représentants de bibliothèques de musique se sont réunis à la Maison de Radio-Canada, à Montréal, pour la troisième rencontre annuelle de la Section québécoise de l'Association canadienne des bibliothèques, archives et centres de documentation musicaux, dont l'acronyme officieux est SQACBM ou « Squawk-boum ». Des gens sont venus de partout au Québec et de la région d'Ottawa.


Porous nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes (PNCNTs) with a high specific surface area (1765 m(2)  g(-1)) and a large pore volume (1.28 cm(3)  g(-1)) have been synthesized from a tubular polypyrrole (T-PPY). The inner diameter and wall thickness of the PNCNTs are about 55 nm and 22 nm, respectively. This material shows extremely promising properties for both supercapacitors and for encapsulating sulfur as a superior cathode material for high-performance lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries. At a current density of 0.5 A g(-1), PNCNT presents a high specific capacitance of 210 F g(-1), as well as excellent cycling stability at a current density of 2 A g(-1). When the S/PNCNT composite was tested as the cathode material for Li-S batteries, the initial discharge capacity was 1341 mA h g(-1) at a current rate of 1 C and, even after 50 cycles at the same rate, the high reversible capacity was retained at 933 mA h g(-1). The promising electrochemical energy-storage performance of the PNCNTs can be attributed to their excellent conductivity, large surface area, nitrogen doping, and unique pore-size distribution.


[Background] Previous research achievements of the service-oriented tourist city network have often focused on the analysis of its geographical distribution and service role of the important cities instead of the connections and hierarchical tendencies between the whole city in a large region.[Method]Using big data approaches on the regional connections of 38 tourism organizations including famous hotels, air passenger transport, tourism service agencies across 63 most important tourist cities in China. Fuzzy c-means clustering analysis is used to define 8 city arena clusters. [Results]According to the distributions of connectivity between 63 cities, these eight clusters play different service functional roles in the urban tourism network at four hierarchies. With their "center-edge" memberships, these arena clusters are formed by the interweaving process of regional and hierarchical tourism service connections. The results include the analysis of the various service-oriented tourist city in China and point out the geography "gap" faced by network. [Conclusion] Service-oriented tourist cities need to find their hierarchies and positioning in the network scientifically to avoid blind development, to make regional urban tourism sustainable development.


Facets of job satisfaction have been considered as direct predictors of voting in union certification elections in most previous research, but the relationship between satisfaction and voting is more complex. Our model of union certification voting behavior, based on Fishbein's [1967] theory of behavioral intentions, predicts that employees' attitudes toward voting for a union are influenced by their satisfaction with the economic facets of their jobs. Employees' general subjective norms toward unions are influenced by perceived expectations of the supervisor and co-workers, and by individual characteristics.


The structure and function of the skin. Diagnosing and treating skin disease. Cutaneous infections. Tumours and Naevi. Inflammatory Dermatoses. Infiltrative disorders. Bullous diseases. Systemic disease and the skin. Disorders of hair and nails. Disorders of pigmentation. Genoderatoses.


Given a set R of red points and a set B of blue points in the plane of total size n, we study the problem of determining all angles for which there exists an L-shape containing all points from B without containing any points from R. We propose an algorithm to solve the problem in O(n 2 logn) time and O(n) storage. We also describe an output-sensitive algorithm that reports all angles in O(n 5/3+" + klogk) time and O(n 5/3+" ) storage, where k is the number of reported angular intervals.


The management of internet use has become a great social problem among children or adolescents worldwide. The aim of this study is to show the contribution of internet on the sport participation events. This is a descriptive research with qualitative and quantitative approach. The samples of the study were 59 students; 20 boys and 39 girls with ages between 12-16 years. The data were collected using two techniques; literature review and Google form with closed questions. The instruments were from Young (1998) about Internet Addiction Test (IAT) and Cho's research (2010) about participation of sports. The result showed that most of the students spent their time by not looking at sport events but for other else. This result showed the need for consistent education of using the internet for the students or adolescents to allow all the benefit from sports to them, like physical and mental benefit as wellbeing, and also to allow the discounted results of future athletes as a high performance. In conclusion, if internet is well used by junior high school students, it will provide them with the knowledge of physical sports and education. Moreover, the physical sports teachers and coaches will get the facility to train athletes so quickly. In contrast, it will negatively affect students if they don't know how to manage the time allocated to use the internet


Th is article concentrates on how, in Butterfly Burning and Th e Stone Virgins , Yvonne Vera foregrounds the past as inevitably contaminating the present: the resurgence of repressed memory operates as a determining factor in blurring the boundaries between victim and victimiser, and between past and present. It will be seen that Vera presents the violent Zimbabwean past as influencing the present, leading to a perpetuation of violence. Th e "repast" which is the past is therefore not a nourishing one, but an unwholesome one, and yet there is a trace of optimism in both novels as the female victims of violence manage to attain some form of liberation or "deliverance." Th e tension between Ricoeur's "destructive forgetting" and "forgetting that preserves" will be explored with a view to exposing how Vera highlights both the negative and cathartic power of repressed memory.


A reverse-saliency permanent magnet synchronous motor (RS-PMSM) with multiple flux-barriers is presented in this paper. The RS-PMSM produces a positive reluctance torque with flux-intensifying current which thereby reduces the permanent magnet (PM) demagnetization possibility and increases the operating speed range. The presented motor is compared with its conventional counterparts and the electromagnetic performances of both the motors in terms of inductance curves, average-torque contours, torque-ripple profiles, torque-speed characteristics and efficiency maps are obtained by using finite element methods. Meanwhile, the utility of designed motor for applications like solar water pump system (SWPS) is demonstrated. A prototype of the presented motor is also manufactured and the test performances are obtained to verify the effectiveness of developed prototype.


This paper presents the design and evaluation of a mobile data service which exploits parallel multi-path transmission over multiple cellular networks to achieve significant performance gains. Multi-network access is motivated by the fact that multi-radio mobile devices are fast becoming a reality, making it possible for end-users to increase their service speed and availability via network diversity. In contrast to previously proposed techniques at the application or transport layers, we propose a novel network assisted architecture for multi-homed (NAMH) cellular access. In the proposed system, network elements such as routers and base stations provide the necessary multihoming functionality including identification of a bifurcation router and dynamic splitting of the data stream corresponding to currently achievable bit-rates on the cellular base stations. A detailed evaluation is provided for the multi-network service with LTE base stations, using both ns3 simulation and trace-driven emulations. The results show that significant gains are achieved with multi-network access with bit-rates of ~1.9x using two LTE networks in parallel. Comparison with the well-known MPTCP method is given, showing gains of about 40% with NAMH for the trace-driven two-network scenario.


EPR of Er3+ ions in polycrystalline ThH2 and Th4H15 is studied and the possibility of the Kondo effect in ThH2 is discussed. In Th4H15 electron bottleneck is observed. The lineshape calculation is made for a metallic system in the case of an axial crystalline field. It is shown that in the point charge approximation a proton model is realized in Th4H15.


This paper exhibits the concept of Triple Helix model to explain and link university-industry-government (Triple Helix) connections to national innovation systems theory. The driver of this paper is to test the dynamics of Triple Helix concept under national innovation system in the Association of South East Asian Countries (ASEAN)-5 economies. Panel econometric analysis with cross-sectional dependence (CD) test is applied to investigate the relationship amongst Triple Helix variables. The empirical analysis employs innovation indicators of five founding ASEAN countries namely Malaysia, Indonesia, Singapore, the Philippines and Thailand for the period of 2000-2015 from an existing WDI and WCY database. Econometric results support the two research questions of this study; firstly, there is a significant relationship between innovation outcome and its key drivers under Triple Helix context of National Innovation System in ASEAN-5 economies; secondly, the extent of the relationship among government R&D expenditure with high-tech productions are positive and significant while new ideas coming from universities as scientific publications and high-tech production have positive relationship but not significant yet in ASEAN-5 countries. Overall labor productivity is positive and significant with innovation outcomes in ASEAN-5.


A capital city is, or should be, symbolic of its country. In light of this, two approaches are used to structure an analysis of Ottawa-Hull - an integration and a separation model. The policies of the Canadian federal government and those operating at provincial and city levels are seen to create a complex of forces simultaneously pulling Canada's capital in several quite different directions. It is clear that the national capital fully encapsulates the constitutional stresses and the two-language richness that are characteristic of the country as a whole.

Une capitate symbolise, ou devrait symboliser, son pays. Dans cette optique, on peut analyser Ottawa-Hull sous deux angles different: un modele ?integration et un modele de separation. La politique du gouvernment federal canadien et celles determinees au niveau provincial et municipal, creent un ensemble de forces qui entrainent simultanement la capitale du Canada dans plusieurs directions fondamentalement opposees. Il est evident que la capitale canadienne englobe a la fois les tensions constitutionnelles et la richesse des deux langues qui caracterisent ce pays dans son ensemble.


In an excerpt from his book "The Art and Practice of Executive Coaching: 50 Top Coaches Reveal Their Secrets," the author reveals his eight-step coaching method designed to help leaders achieve long-term, measurable changes in behavior. A case..


Anode material SnS was synthesized by ethanol and ammonia as solvent,respectively. The samples were studied by XRD,SEM,electrochemical impedance spectroscopy,cyclic voltammetry and galvanostatic charge-discharge. The pure orthorhombic SnS crystal was obtained by ethanol as solvent,its particle size was smaller and more uniform compared with the one by ammonia as solvent. When SnS synthesized by ethanol as solvent charge-discharge at 0.1 C,0.5 C,0.8 C and 1.0 C,the lithium deintercalation specific capacity fading was the slowest at 0.5 C,the specific capacity was 243.2 mAh/g at the 20th cycle.


In the polymerization of dialkyl fumarates (DRFs), the reactivity dramatically decreased when AIBN was used as initiator instead of dimethyl 2,2'-azobis(isobutyrate) (MAIB), suggesting that a reactivity of primary radicals from the initiators seriously contributes to the DRFs polymerization reactivity. From the results for the copolymerization of DRF with methyvl methacrylate and methacrylonitrile (MAN), a poly(MAN) radical was found to have a much lower reactivity toward DRF than a poly(MMA) radical. It is concluded that the quite different polymerization reactivities of DRFs with MAIB and AIBN resulted from the difference in the reactivities of the primary radicals


Experimental observations on an axially-loaded sandwich panel compare well with the recent developments in the theoretical modelling of interactive localized buckling. Comparisons of experimental collapse loads. buckle wavelengths and equilibrium paths With the theoretical model show good correlation.


We present an approach to model adaptive, dynamic hybrid control systems based on behaviour networks. We extend and modify the approach to behaviour networks with integrity constraints, non-ground rules, internal actions, and modules to make it self-adaptive and dynamic. The proposed approach is general, reconfigurable, robust, and suitable for environments that are dynamic and too complex to be entirely predictable, the controlling system having limited computational and time resources.


Background: Aristolochia esperanzae Kuntze (Aristolochiaceae) is a plant present in the Brazilian flora, with few studies in the dental area, but used in integrative therapies to treat some health problems. Objectives: The initial purpose was to make an anatomical description of A. esperanzae and then test its antibacterial activity and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) on specific oral micro-organisms-Streptococcus mutans, Porphyromonas gingivalis and Enterococcus faecalis. Materials and Methods: For the pharmacognostic study, the samples were fixed in formaldehyde, acetic acid and 70' ethyl alcohol and stored in 70' ethanol. For the in vitro study, to obtain the essential oil (OE) and hydrolate, the plant material was mechanically macerated and subjected to hydrodistillation in Clevenger and then frozen until the time of testing. The EO was diluted in dimethylsulfoxide and the tests performed were agar diffusion (disc-diffusion) with isolated bacteria and MIC. A 0.12' chlorhexidine digluconate solution was used as a positive control and 0.9' sodium chloride as a negative. Results: The anatomical study showed the presence of hook-shaped trichomes and stomatal complexes. Regarding the microbiological results, they were negative for the extracts used. Conclusion: The anatomical findings may guide future studies related to the pharmacognostic properties of A. esperanzae and both OE and hydrolate did not have an antibacterial effect against S. mutans, P. gingivalis and E. faecalis.


Strong Franz–Keldysh oscillations near the band gap of AlGaN are observed in the contactless electroreflectance (CER) studies of a GaN/InGaN/AlGaN multilayer structure. The line shape analysis of the CER spectra at different temperatures provides an accurate determination of the AlGaN band gap energies and the built-in electric fields. Using the existing data of the thermal expansion coefficients of GaN and sapphire, and the piezoelectric constants of AlGaN, the temperature dependence of the electric field is estimated and is in good agreement with the experimental results between 15 and 300 K. We attribute such electric field to the piezoelectric strain effect.


The purpose of this article is to report the results of an experiment designed to investigate the density of interface states (DOS) measured at the Si-SiO 2 interface immediately following rapid thermal annealing (RTA) (1040°C) in a nitrogen (N 2 ) ambient. This work extends previous publications on Si(100) by examining (111), (110), and (100) silicon orientations. The DOS profiles were examined using a mercury probe capacitance-voltage technique, and characteristic peaks in the DOS across the energy gap were obtained for all orientations. Consideration of there results in relation to other works indicates that the peak features in the DOS profile after an RTA in N 2 are a consequence of unpassivated dangling bond defects for the respective orientations. The significance of these results is considered.


A SPICE compatible model for the simulation of permanent magnet (PM) DC motor drives is presented. The key of the proposed model is to take into account of the armature reaction and magnet demagnetization, hence the shift of operating point at load conditions can be considered. Making use of this model, PSpice simulation of a typical PM DC motor drive is performed. Apart from the steady-state simulation, transient behaviours of the PM DC motor drive, including start-up, sudden load change and sudden reference change conditions, have been simulated conveniently. Based on a low-cost circuit simulator PSpice, the developed model is especially helpful for undergraduate students.


In this paper I plan to explore the relationship between critical approaches to literacy and the selection of EAP reading texts, taking Australia's colonial and post-colonial society as an example of a theme around which discussion of text selection will revolve. Drawing, for example, on the writings of Benesch (1993, 1996) and Pennycook (1989, 1994, 1997), I suggest that by reconceptualising the selection of EAP texts within a critical pedagogical framework, we may be able to avoid perpetuating institutionalised forms of historical and cultural exclusion. I would argue for an approach to literacy that reframes the text ... as a social strategy historically located in a network of power relations in particular institutional sites and cultural fields (Luke 1996: 333) The background to this paper lies in my experiences as a teacher of themebased1 English for Academic Purposes (EAP) courses in tertiary institutions in Australia over the past 13 years. Specifically, I am interested in identifying appropriate criteria to use as guidelines for text selection in EAP courses. This aim, together with my own interest in Australia's colonial history and current questions concerning relations between Australia's indigenous and non-indigenous (predominantly Anglo-Celtic) peoples, has motivated


The test statistics used until now in the CFA have been developed under the assumption of the overall hypothesis of total independence. Therefore, the multiple test procedures based on these statistics are really only different tests of the overall hypothesis. If one likes to test a special cell hypothesis, one should only assume that this hypothesis is true and not the whole overall hypothesis. Such cell tests can then be used as elements of a multiple test procedure.

In this paper it is shown that the usual test procedures can be very anticonservative (except of the two-dimensional, and, for some procedures, the three-dimensional case), and corrected test procedures are developed. Furthermore, for the construction of multiple tests controlling the multiple level, modifications of Holm's (1979) procedure are proposed which lead to sharper results than his general procedure and can also be performed very easily.


At six positions on the lawn turf color was measured using the luminometer method and the fractionating light photometer method Lawn light reflectivity (x: %) and chlorophyll content (y: mg/g) showed a very marked negative relationship, statistical analysis giving a linear regression equation of y=646-097x, r**=-0978 5 Through comparing the average coefficient of variation of light reflectivity (563) with the average coefficient of variation of chlorophyll content (649), it can be seen that compared with the fractionating light photometer method, the luminometer method is not only simple and quick, but is also more accurate


Four herbage mixtures with two levels of fertilizer application were compared for 6 consecutive years under grazing by sheep. The most satisfactory mixture with respect to yield, persistence, and stability was one of orchardgrass, Dactylis glomerata L., smooth bromegrass, Bromus inermis Leys., creeping red fescue, Festuca rubra L., and ladino clover, Trifolium repens L. The same mixture of grasses without clover was lower yielding even with annual applications of 78 pounds of nitrogen and 48 pounds of P2O5 per acre. A mixture of orchardgrass, tall fescue, Festuca arundinacea Schreb., reed canary grass, Phalaris arundinacea L., and alfalfa, Medicago sativa L. yielded well, and combated weed encroachment but the alfalfa did not persist beyond the third year. Tall fescue was very aggressive in this mixture. A mixture of orchardgrass and ladino clover yielded well for a few years but became badly infested with weeds as the orchardgrass was reduced through winter killing. Moderate yield increases were obtained...


Incidental credit in terms of the National Credit Act is, loosely described, an agreement in terms of which an account is tendered for goods or services that have been or will be provided to the consumer over a period of time and a fee, charge or interest becomes payable if the account is not paid on time, or a higher price applies in such a case. The nature of an incidental credit agreement would not historically have been considered to be the granting of interest-bearing credit. The ordinary meaning of incidental is "happening in connection with something else, but not as important as it or not intended" or "something happening as a natural result of something". The incidental credit agreement can therefore be described as a credit agreement which comes into being, although not intended by the parties to be a credit agreement. It is a natural result (albeit a legislative creation) of something else, in this case, an agreement of some kind.


Clinical examination and liver function tests of 14 HBAg positive and 8 HBAg negative blood donors were done. A history of Jaundice, contact with hepatitis and hepatosplenomegaly were more frequently observed in the antigen positive donors.


There have been many transformations in intellectual scope, in theories and methods, which have also marked research in the field of gender studies [...]


This is the study that reviews the view for the poetry of Jihun who evaluates 'Descriptive Poems' as the neutral area between lyrics and epics and values its unique value. The purpose of this article is to show that his 'Descriptive Poems' are the poetic scope that integrates the core parts of the view for poetry and identifies his spirit of poetry, and to identify how to connect it to the tradition of Korean Poetry. It is the work to review the root of the Korean lyrics and the goal that his poems and view for the poetry goes for. 'Descriptive Poems' of Jihun are the poetic model where his principle of poetry writing presented in 'Poetry' Simplification, Specialization and Generalization. It models the world where 'objective and subjective' and 'object and self become unified. His 'Descriptive Poems' inherit the tradition of formative speculation of East Asia, which tries to describe the idea of the poets in the objective world. It can be the poetic area where the idea of 'Seonjong Zen' that discovers the universal life in the individual life. Jihun wanted to describe the principle of universal life through the object world, and shape 'Life Emotion' that enjoys universal life through the instance of unification with the object. 'Descriptive Poems' that describes the phenomenon of life with simple language and patterns can be the poetic ideal of Jihun trying to shape the special whole through usual section. It is connected to the aesthetic quality of northeast Asia that makes a deep point in the tradition of Korean Lyrics. The poems such as 「Gosa '古寺' - Old Temple」, 「Sanbang '山房' -Temple Room」, 「Seungmu '僧舞' -Monk Dancing」, and 「]eongya '靜夜' -Silent Night」 show the characteristics of 'Descriptive Poems'.


Religious education students on initial teacher education programmes work in both school and university contexts that might be expected to produce different accounts of the nature of religion. This article explores the contested nature of religion and the ways in which student teachers negotiate their own understanding of subject knowledge. A small case study within a Scottish context is considered in which schools are seen to occupy spaces which privilege a modernist approach to subject knowledge in contrast with the post-structuralist accounts of religion that students may encounter at university. Consideration is given as to how six third-year student teachers negotiate the differences between these two contexts. This study has implications for the kind of support offered to students by initial teacher education institutions, where such differences obtain, and potentially raises questions concerning the future construction of religion in schools.


When introduced, reinventing government promised significant changes in government performance. Juxtaposed against that theory is one presented by rebounderss," which demands a return to a constitutional grounding in governance. This article suggests that each has significant limitations that can best be understood by examining the other. Accordingly, we seek to establish the central or core theoretical concepts of each theory and the underlying assumptions on which each theory rests. We then proceed to examine them critically as "theories" and compare them to empirical evidence. We argue each is vague, internally inconsistent, and contradicted by known empirical evidence. However, we argue that by integrating the two, the weaknesses of each can be overcome, permitting the evolution of a more fully informed theory, one that addresses both the "means" and the "ends " of government.


Hydrophobe modified expangded perlite were prepared by soaking method.The change law of water absorption,compressive strength and dry density of perlite thermal insulation mortar were investigated by the change of mass-volume concentration and the addition of waterproof agent,basing on the modification of expanded perlite.The results show that the water absorption of perlite can be decreased from 290% to 90%when the surface of expanded perlite is modified by silicone water-proofing agent.With the decreasing of mass-volume concentration,the water absorption of perlite insulation mortar increases,the compressive strength and dry density decrease.The water absorption of perlite insulation mortar can be decreased further by adding water-proofing agent for perlite,supposing the optimal mass-volume concentration is selected.


Excellent book is always being the best friend for spending little time in your office, night time, bus, and everywhere. It will be a good way to just look, open, and read the book while in that time. As known, experience and skill don't always come with the much money to acquire them. Reading this book with the PDF congress at the grassroots representational change in the south 197


"Animal feeding operations (AFOs)," or, if large enough, "concentrated animal feeding operations (CAFOs)," have become increasingly concentrated in ownership, location, and quantity of animals since the 1950s. The Yakima Valley of central Washington is one area that has been subject to an influx of these industrial farms, raising health and environmental concerns for residents. Despite scientific evidence of potential harm, citizens have had difficulty enforcing air emissions regulation. The problem is twofold: the EPA is still working with the industry to develop a methodology for emission monitoring ––the effectiveness of which remains unclear––and, assuming monitoring methods existed, the statutory framework provides numerous agricultural exemptions. State "Right-to-Farm" statutes further exempt some farms from liability under the common law. Nonetheless, this comment will demonstrate that nuisance, trespass, and/or negligence actions, if teed up correctly in light of the state Right-to-Farm statute, can operate to combat pollution from AFOs.


The peritoneal cavity is widely used as the destination of choice for cerebrospinal fl uid (CSF) shunts. Various alternative distal sites have been used, particularly in the presence of certain contraindications, which include the cardiac atria, for ventriculoatrial (VA) shunt, or the pleural cavity for ventriculopleural (VPL) shunt. 1 Each procedure is associatedwith its own set ofcomplications and the choice of selection of the distal site of CSF drainage is often based on surgeon ' s preference along with patient ' s factors. 2 While the historical literature describes pleural effusion and pneumothorax as complications of a VPL shunt, there is paucity of data justifying the application of one technique over the other. We report a rare case of postoperative pneumothorax in a case of VPL shunt being further complicated by pneumocephalus. A 41-year-oldgentleman, who is a known case ofoperated grade II tectal plate glioma with hydrocephalus for which resection of glioma and ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt


Aim: This work throws light
on the deteriorating microorganisms in some varieties of cheeses [hard
cheese (Ras cheese), and processed cheese]. Material
and Method: Thirty Ras cheese and processed cheese samples were collected
randomly and subjected to chemical & microbiological examination to
determine its contamination with deteriorating microorganisms. Results: Chemical
examination showed that the mean titratable acidity % of Ras and Processed
cheese samples were 0.5 ± 0.073 and 0.93% ± 0.062%, respectively, while salt % were 3.4 ± 0.078 and 1.03% ± 0.05%, respectively. Most of samples were contaminated with high
numbers of Coliforms, yeast, mold, proteolytic,
lipolytic and Enterococci. Conclusion: There are poor hygienic measures during
production, processing and handling of cheese.


A method of creating process models for use in controller generation, such as in MPC controller generation (56, figure 3), adds noise 125 to the process data collected 99 and used in the model generation process 126. In particular, a method of creating a parametric process model (104, figure 3) first collects process outputs based on known test input signals or sequences, adds random noise 125 to the collected process data and then uses a standard or known technique to determine 126 a process model from the collected process data. The noise may be zero-mean white noise with an amplitude of 0.2% to 0.5% of the range of the collected data. The model may be produced using a finite response process model.