Orthopedic surgery is a surgical action associated with the correction of musculoskeletal system deformities and orthopedic problems that aim to improve function by restoring movement and stability and reducing pain and disabilities. Early mobilization is a prominent factor in speeding up postoperative recovery and may prevent postoperative complications. This study aims to find out the influence before and after early mobilization of changes in pain levels in orthopedic postoperative clients at RSU Royal Prima. This type of research uses a correlational descriptive research design, using the One Group Pretest-Postest approach. The location of this study was conducted at RSU Royal Prima Medan in March 2021. The population of all patients' post-surgery orthopedic hospitalization amounted to 176 patients. The size of the sample uses the formula Structural Equation Modelling (SEM), then the number of samples is determined to be 100 people. Univariate analysis, bivariate with t-dependent test (paired t-test) with a meaningful limit of 0.05. The results of the study that there was a change in the level of pain Wilcoxon test results at the time of the pre-test the result of the mean value of 3.82, at the time of the post-test test the mean value was 2.34. So the result of Z = -5,358 then p-value as much as 0.004 < 0.05 so that Ho is rejected and Ha accepts. The conclusion of the level of pain before early mobilization in the client post orthopedic surgery the majority feels even more pain and the minority experience severe pain. The level of pain after early mobilization in the majority of orthopedic postoperative clients was slightly more painful and the minority felt even more pain. There is an early mobilization effect on pain changes in orthopedic postoperative clients in patients in the hospital room of RSU Royal Prima in 2021.


Absorption measurements of Sr 0.61 Ba 0.39 Nb 2 O 6 :Ce under visible light (Ar + , -Kr + laser or XBO-lamp) illumination show a light-induced broadband NIR-absorption with maximum at 1.6 μm. This absorption is very pronounced at temperatures below 150 K. Its lineshape is similiar to the broadband absorption which is being observed in reduced SBN crystals. The time dependence of the light induced NIR-absorption after switching off the laser light can be fitted by an addition of two exponentials. The temperature dependence of these time constants is not Arrhenius like indicating several interaction mechanisms.


Relevance vector machine (RVM) is a state-of-the-art technique for regression and classification, as a sparse Bayesian extension version of the support vector machine. The selection of a kernel and associated parameter is a critical step of RVM application. The real-world application and recent researches have emphasized the requirement to multiple kernel learning, in order to boost the fitting accuracy by adapting better the characteristics of the data. This paper presents a data-driven evolutionary approach, called Genetic Complex Multiple Kernel Relevance Vector Regression (GCMK RVR), which combines genetic programming(GP) and relevance vector regression to evolve an optimal or near-optimal complex multiple kernel function. Each GP chromosome is a tree that encodes the mathematical expression of a complex multiple kernel function. Numerical experiments on several benchmark datasets show that the RVR involving this GCMK perform better than not only the widely used simple kernel, Polynomial, Gaussian RBF and Sigmoid kernel, but also the convex linear multiple kernel function.


Even in the era of Industry 4.0, it is challenging to remotely monitor and operate appliances and machinery while consuming minimal electricity. Currently, several smart phones are actively used to control office or home appliances with Internet of Things (IoT) gadgets. Even in the era of Industry 4.0, it is challenging to remotely monitor and operate appliances and machinery while consuming minimal electricity. Currently, several smart phones are actively used to control office or home appliances with Internet of Things (IoT) gadgets. The unique smart automation system shown here employs long-range (Lora) technology. The suggested Lora-based module has an operating range of 3–12 km and is made up of a wireless communication system and several types of sensors. It is controlled by a Smartphone application and is powered by a low-power battery. At the sender end, a connection is made using Wi-Fi between an Android phone and an ESP32 microprocessor. A Lora module was attached to the ESP32 module. An ESP32 module and a Lora module without Wi-Fi were used at the receiving end. To enable switching functionality of the targeted area, the Lora module employs the Wide Area Network (WAN) communication protocol. The system's effectiveness was assessed using three real-world case studies that involved assessing the temperature and humidity of the surrounding air, spotting fires, and controlling the operation of appliances that switch on and off. The system's great performance was proved by the ability to obtain accurate environmental data, detect fires with an accuracy of 90%, and switch functionality with an accuracy of 92.33% at a distance of up to 12 km. The suggested modular constructed smart system utilized considerably less electricity while providing excellent remote monitoring and management of home appliances. The findings show that an appropriate parameter setting is required to cover vast urban areas while keeping the airtime low enough to keep packet losses at acceptable levels.


ABSTRACT Objective. In view of the deficiency of information in the area of clinical pathology of elasmobranchs, mainly of the physiological parameters, the aim of this work was to study hematological parameters of the Zapteryx brevirostris species. Materials and methods. Four specimens apparently healthy of Zapteryx brevirostris; three females and a male were used. These animals are all pertaining ones to the Aquarium of Ubatuba, Sao Paulo (Brazil). Results. The obtained average of hematological values for the Zapteryx brevirostris were: Red Blood Cells were - 0.96 x 106/μL, Packed Cell Volume - 24.3% and White Blood Cells - 36.8 x 103/μL. Conclusion. Although the small N, which decreases the accuracy, this research has scientific value because the situation of vulnerability of Zapteryx brevirostris, suggesting other studies. RESUMEN Objetivo. En vista de la carencia de informacion en el area de patologia clinica de los elasmobranquios, especialmente en lo que respecta a los parametros fisiopatologicos, el objetivo de este trabajo fue el de obtener parametros de la hematologia de la especie Zapteryx brevirostris. Materiales y metodo. Cuatro animales clinicamente saludables de Zapteryx brevirostris; tres hembras y un macho fueron utilizados, todos procedentes del Acuario de Ubatuba, S. P. Resultados. Los valores promedio de hematologia para el Zapteryx brevirostris fueron: globulos rojos - 0.96 x 106/ μL, volumen de los hematies - 24.3 % y globulos blancos 36.8 x 103/ μL. Conclusiones . A pesar de la pequena N, que disminuye la precision, la investigacion tiene valor cientifico debido a que Zapteryx brevirostris es una especie vulnerable; sugiriendo otros estudios.


In this paper,we find some certain relationships between the lengths of the circuits in suborbital graphs F u , N for (cid:2)( N ) on ˆ Q ( N ) and the periods of the group (cid:2)( N ) , generated by (cid:3) 0 ( N ) and an Atkin-Lehner involution, which is a subgroup of the normalizer N (cid:3) 0 ( N )) of (cid:3) 0 ( N ) in PSL ( 2 , R ) where N will be of the form qp 2 , where q = 1 or prime and p is prime > 3 and p (cid:2)= q . In this case the action of the nomalizer on the extended rational numbers ˆ Q is not transitive. And finally, we give some number theoretical results.


SUMMARY

The authors try to analyse the phenomenon of the international connection of business cycles of countries and industries between 13 grand OEGD countries and 5 important industries during the period from 1960-1975, whether and how the strength and the structure of interdependence have changed and whether there can be observed a systematical influence of the formation of zones of integration, EEC and EFTA, on the connection of business cycles. The study is based on principal component analysis and transformation analysis. The results are conducive to an increase of connection of business cycles between all countries concerned. Regarding the structure of international interdependence there is demonstrated that the process of integration has now passed beyond the border of the former EEC and EFTA and included all important industrial countries. The authors conclude that an international convention of economic policy — in order to be successful — cannot be restricted to the European Community only but would have to integrate all important industrial countries.


The analysis of T lymphocytes infiltrating tissues afflicted by autoimmune diseases may provide major clues towards understanding the pathogenesis of such diseases. Currently the best approach to studying heterogeneous populations such as T lymphocytes involves long‐term culture and cloning. In order to grow and clone T lymphocytes, regular restimulation with the specific antigen is essential, otherwise growth will stop and/or specificity may be lost. In autoimmune diseases the antigens involved in triggering the immunological reaction of T cells are usually unknown. Therefore an alternative way of stimulating T lymphocytes without loss of specificity is clearly needed. Here we describe the cloning and expansion of antigen‐specific T cell clones from the blood of a healthy donor to sizeable numbers of cells (>108) by means of anti‐CD3 monoclonal antibody and recombinant IL‐2 The results obtained showed that this approach can be used to clone and 'expand' T lymphocytes that retain antigen specificity over a prolonged period, in this case over 10 weeks. This technique has been used to clone and expand T lymphocytes infiltrating the affected tissues in a variety of autoimmune disorders such as Hashimoto's thyroiditis, Graves' disease, and rheumatoid arthritis, and is an efficient method of propagating T cells, by mimicking the antigenic Stimulus.


Ameloblastic fibro-odontoma is a tumor of mixed odontogenic origin infrequently encountered within the jaw. It occurs predominantly in children and the youth. The tumor is usually asymptomatic and slow-growing. The mandibular body-ramus area is the favored location. Radiographically, the lesion is well circumscribed and radiopaque. Herein we reported a case of mandibular ameloblastic fibro-odontoma in a 12-year-old boy. Complete extirpation of the rumor was performed via an extraoral approach. Histologically, the tumor was composed of a myxoid connective tissue with strands of odontogenic epithelium and differentiated tissue such as enamel and dentin. Wound healing was uneventful with no evidence of recurrence after a nine-month period of follow-up.


Estimating the complete 3D point cloud from a partial input is a key challenge in 3D vision. Existing point cloud completion networks overlook the long-range, hierarchical features and object details of the incomplete point cloud. To this end, we propose Hierarchical Feature Fusion Network (HFF-Net) for precise and detailed point cloud completion. To succeed at this task, HFF-Net estimates the missing Point Agents (PAs) by designing a topology-aware transformer-based encoder-decoder network with Multi-level Feature Learning (MFL), which hierarchically exploits the various regional and detailed information. Further, to make better utilization of the hierar-chical information captured from MFL, we devise the Hier-archical Features Fusion (HFF) module to convert them into cross-regional features. Besides, the predicted PAs is utilized by a multi-resolution output module to recover the missing point cloud in a coarse-to-fine manner. Experiments indi-cate that HFF-Net performs favorably against state-of-the-art (SOTA) approaches on both the new-proposed and existing datasets.


Dryland cropping systems are particularly vulnerable to land degradation processes due to climate aridity and improper management practices. Spatially explicit information on land's state, which can be derived with remote sensing techniques, should become available to support land rehabilitation decisions. This study aimed at (i) mapping a land degradation trend in the irrigated cropland in Central Asia with a linear trend analysis of the time series of the MODIS images and (ii) comparing the captured trends, based on different vegetation indices. About one-third of the study area (171,563 ha) experienced the land degradation trend during the monitoring period of 2000-2010. The trend coefficients of three vegetation indices (NDVI, EVI, SAVI) were similar with the corresponding R2-values of 0.78 (NDVI & EVI) and 0.82 (NDVI & SAVI). The revealed changes were mainly associated with the abandoned lands, where bare soil patches prevailed.


The bulk of photomask demand is in technology nodes ≥65nm, using equipment, processes, and materials developed more than two decades ago1. Despite mature processes and tools, mask makers are challenged to meet continuing demand. The challenge comes not only in the forms of increased demand, but also that much of the equipment is approaching the end of its viable lifetime to support and maintain due to parts or expertise availability2. Mask writers in particular are problematic from a technical and financial perspective. Modern equipment and processes can be "too good" to simply use as a direct substitute when original equipment or processes become unavailable During initial lithography and device integration, device manufacturers tailored Optical Proximity Correction (OPC) and other wafer processing conditions based on the original mask signature for multiple mask layers. Changing to state-of-the-art mask fidelity would actually represent a liability, as the altered mask character could result in device shifts, yield reduction, or even unanticipated reliability failures. To account for the improved fidelity, re-optimization of the synergistic patterning between mask, wafer lithography and etch is required. Even on mature technologies, reintegration can require costly, difficult, and time-consuming requalification. While this path has often been pursued when manufacturers declare EOL of tools, we propose instead to contain the change in the mask shop by using Mask Process Corrections (MPC)3. Instead of using MPC to maximize mask fidelity, as is done in advanced nodes, we use MPC to replicate the original mask non-idealities on a new mask process.


In recent years, the rapid development of blockchain technology has attracted much attention from people around the world. Scammers take advantage of the pseudo-anonymity of blockchain to implement financial fraud. The Ponzi scheme, one of the main scam methods, has defrauded investors of large amounts of money, thereby harming their interests and hindering the application of blockchain. Unfortunately, the current detection technology typically largely relies on the source code of the contract or uses a single feature which does not fully represent the contract characteristics. In such a case, the detection of Ponzi schemes with high efficiency becomes urgent. In this paper, we propose an image-based scam detection method using an attention capsule network (SE-CapsNet) focused on Ethereum. The sequence of bytecode, the opcode frequency, and the application binary interface (ABI) call are extracted as features from the contract bytecode and ABI, further converted into grayscale images, and then mapped into three color channels to generate RGB images, which are used as the input of the model for detecting the Ponzi scheme contract. In addition, we employ fancy PCA for data augmentation to reduce the impact of imbalanced data on the detection results. Experimental results show that the image-based detection method using deep learning models can effectively detect contracts before transactions occur. Among them, our proposed SE-CapsNet obtains great detection results, with an F1 score of 98.38%.


28 • THE COUNCIL FOR EXCEPTIONAL CHILDREN How can we achieve these goals? Communication is the key. Some years ago while working with children, we developed a few guidelines to create collaborative communications among teachers, parents, and students. We wanted to establish a lifelong avenue of support for students who pose a challenge to the school system. We have updated these guidelines with the assistance of a middle-grades educator who is currently teaching inclusive classes of students with and without learning disabilities or other difficulties with learning. She has implemented many of these ideas as practices in her classroom. We believe it is important to begin working toward the major goals as early as possible, certainly no later than the early middle school years.


Abstract A three year long record of regular vertical aircraft profiling for continuous atmospheric CO2 mixing ratio measurements as well as for flask sampling to derive the climatology of other greenhouse gases (CH4, SF6 and N2O), is presented. Measurements were undertaken in the lower troposphere between 100 and 3000 m over the eastern European taiga about 100 km south east of the city of Syktyvkar(61°24′N, 52°18′E). From the continuous profiles mean CO2 mixing ratios were calculated for the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) and for the "free troposphere" up to 3000 m. The amplitudes of the respective seasonal cycles are 22.1 ± 3.5 and 14.0 ± 2.1 ppm. ABL mixing ratios are generally larger than free tropospheric values during the winter period, and smaller during the summer due to the change of the continental biosphere from a source to a sink. The phasing of the seasonal cycles is slightly different between the two height intervals (by about 30 days), with the ABL extremes occurring earlier. Very abrupt concentration changes up to 8 ppm are observed in the free troposphere associated with changes in air mass origin. Mean CO2 mixing ratios derived from flask samples at 3000 m compare well with the respective integrated values measured in the continuous profiles above the ABL (ΔCO2 = 0.3 ± 1.6 ppm). CH4 mixing ratios also show a pronounced seasonality, and winter time vertical gradients correlate well with those of CO2. Similarly, SF6 vertical gradients are correlated with CO2 gradients possibly pointing to some anthropogenic origin of the boundary layer CO2 signal during winter. N2O and SF6 also show a slight seasonality with almost the same phasing. The main reasons for the seasonality of both gases are probably transport processes with a possible contribution from stratosphere/troposphere exchange.


BACKGROUND & AIMS— Sjögren's syndrome and autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP) are disorders with decreased function of salivary, lacrimal glands, and the exocrine pancreas. NOD/ ShiLTJ mice and mice transduced with the cytokine BMP6 develop Sjögren's syndrome and chronic pancreatitis and MRL/Mp mice are models of AIP. CFTR is a ductal Cl − channel essential for ductal fluid and HCO 3− secretion. We used these models to ask: is CFTR expression altered in these diseases, does correction of CFTR correct gland function, and most notably, does correcting ductal function correct acinar function. Methods— We treated the mice models with the CFTR corrector C18 and the potentiator VX770. Glandular, ductal and acinar cells damage, infiltration of immune cells, and function were measured in vivo and in isolated duct/acini. Results— In the disease models, CFTR expression is markedly reduced. The salivary glands and pancreas are inflamed with increased fibrosis and tissue damage. Treatment with VX770 and, in particular C18 restored salivation, rescued CFTR expression and localization, nearly eliminated the inflammation and tissue damage. Transgenic over-expression of CFTR exclusively in the duct had similar effects. Most notably, the markedly reduced acinar cell Ca 2+ signaling, Orai1, IP 3 receptors, AQP5 Conclusions— Our findings reveal that correcting ductal function is sufficient to rescue acinar cell function and suggests that CFTR correctors are strong candidates for the treatment of Sjögren's syndrome and pancreatitis. cell ER Ca 2+ release, Ca 2+ influx, expression of IP 3 Rs, Orai1, and AQP5 are markedly reduced. Yet, remarkably, restoring ductal CFTR function increased acinar cells AQP5 expression, Ca 2+ signaling, and fluid secretion. Pharmacological rescue of CFTR also restored Ca 2+ signaling and fluid secretion in pancreatic acinar cells of NOD/ShiLTJ and MRL/Mp mice. These findings are the first to show that restoring ductal function is sufficient to restore acinar cell function in exocrine gland diseases and suggests that the FDA approved CFTR correctors are strong candidates for the treatment of Sjögren's syndrome and pancreatitis.


We investigate equilibrium and non-equilibrium charge-transfer processes by performing high-resolution transport spectroscopy. Using electrostatically defined quantum dots for energy-selective emission and detection, we achieved unprecedented spectral resolution and a high degree of tunability of relevant experimental parameters. Most importantly, we observe that the spectral width of elastically transferred electrons can be substantially smaller than the linewidth of a thermally broadened Coulomb peak. This finding indicates that the charge-transfer process is fast compared to the electron--phonon interaction time. By drawing an analogy to double quantum dots, we argue that the spectral width of the elastic resonance is determined by the lifetime broadening $h\it{\Gamma}$ of the emitter and detector states. Good agreement with the model is found also in an experiment in which the charge transfer is in the regime $h\it{\Gamma}\gg k_{\rm{B}}T$. By performing spectroscopy below the Fermi energy, we furthermore observe elastic and inelastic transfer of holes.


As recommended by the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials, resilient moduli are becoming important fundamental parameters in the mechanistic analysis and design of pavement. Several test methodologies have been proposed by many highway agencies to estimate this parameter. The objective of this research is to practically evaluate the alternation of the linear variable differential transducers (LVDTs) with non-contacting proximity transducers for resilient modulus measurements. A single apparatus capable of measuring dynamic properties of soils by both non-contacting proximity probe measurement and LVDT measurement is proposed. Discussions on the instrument design and data acquisition are provided. Experimental results indicated non-contacting proximity probe measurement gave the resilient modulus lower than that from middle-positioned LVDTs but higher than that from full-length positioned LVDTs.


One of the tools of education reform are the modifications made to the curriculum–the related documents which arise from the image of the subjects of education, viz.: kids/schoolchildren, parents, teachers [re]defined by the education authorities. The considerations taken up in this article regard formal expectations towards the education of preschool children, determined in Polish official acts in the course of successive education reforms. We undertake discussions on the education reform now being introduced to the Polish system of education. The article is aimed at shedding some light on some selected, negative operating mechanisms of education in Poland, which we accomplish by taking as an example the way of introducing new core curricula of preschool education. The selection of the task field has been dictated by a few factors. First of all, the item of preschool education is the stage of education - most avoided in discussions on successive education reforms in Poland. Moreover, we should notice that the permanent nature of changes to the Polish law on education will intensify the focus on the didactic function of pre-school education by diverting attention from the importance of the social activity of a child searching for their place in their environment and culture. Therefore, we deem it justified to seek answers to the question of the legitimacy of the changes introduced to the syllabus assumptions for the education of pre-school children.


Many physical and mechanical properties of materials are connected with their microstructure. Recently, technologies to control the microstructure of materials have been well developed in order to more accurately determine the necessary properties. Therefore, the hardness values of samples from technically pure copper with different average grain sizes are determined. The effect of grain boundaries on the hardness values of a sample from a homogeneous copper structure is studied. The grains effect of different structural components and grain boundaries effect on the hardness values of a sample from steel C45 were also investigated. The grains number in the indentation zone was determined to more correctly obtain the hardness of materials with grains of different structural components, for example, perlite and ferrite.


Molecular Genetics: Part Two M. T. Pato, H. Nicolini, C. N. Pato, guest editors Genetics of Bipolar Disorder C. N. Pato Variability in Response to Clozapine: Potential Role of Cytochrome P450 1A2 and the Dopamine D4 Receptor Gene V. Ozdemir Phenotypic Variability in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder and Its Relationship to Familial Risk D. L. Paub Genetics of Panic Disorder D. Marazziti The Genetics of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: An Immunologic Perspective M. II. Rapaport The Neurodevelopmental Hypothesis of Schizophrenia: Genetic Investigations P. Muglia


Man has been shaping the earth's environment and the construction of hydropower projects, though have positive impacts but has certain limitations with regard to social and environmental concerns. In order to minimize the impacts on the environment, the Environmental Management Plan (EMP) is prepared and implemented. EMP prepared in consonance with the Environment Impact Assessment (EIA) report and includes project monitoring, auditing, and management. The difference of environmental impact between actual and predicted results can be used to confirm the appropriateness of the EIA predicted results and the reasonability of environment protection design. In this paper an effort has been made to study the implementation of Environmental Management Plan (EMP) of Sawra-Kuddu Hydroelectric Project, Himachal Pradesh


Geology condition of the earth surface is extremely complicated in Yingxiongling area in Qaidam Basin.Velocity and thickness of low-velocity zones are quite different from one place to the others,which cause statics problems for seismic exploration.Using magnetotelluric sounding(MT) data acquired in Youshashan and high frequency electromagnetic sounding(AMT) data acquired in Ganchaigou,we study shallow low-velocity zones in order to find out its thickness and velocity variation trend.Low-velocity zone thickness and its distribution are determined by the relationship between shallow high-resistivity layers and shallow low-velocity layers.Velocity variation of low-velocity zones is determined using our improved Faust experience formula and fitting parameters.Our electric data results are consistent with uphole data and LVL data,which can be used for static corrections and velocity model building.


In this article, using the comparative legal method, criminal procedural measures to counter extremist crimes are considered. For this purpose, the legislation of several States belonging to different legal families has been studied. The author concludes that in the global trends of countering extremism and terrorism, there is an active inclusion in the criminal procedure sphere not only measures to identify and solve crimes of the designated orientation, but also recompesatory technologies are being introduced. Under them, in the most general form, it is proposed to understand a kind of rejection of the procedural form in general or its replacement with non-traditional tools in favor of the final result in a criminal case.
Similar means of combating extremism abroad take place where police and judicial discretion is developed, which significantly differs from the formalization of criminal investigation and judicial proceedings. There is no special procedural form for criminal cases on extremism or terrorism in the Russian Federation. The criminal procedure legislation provides for the possibility of concluding a pre-trial cooperation agreement and the adoption of a final decision by the court in such a case in a special order. Foreign mechanisms are much broader and depend on the discretion of the law enforcement officer. At the same time, in addition to the court, the right to simplify or complicate procedures may belong to the prosecutor's office or even the police. This, according to the author, is the fundamental difference in approaches to combating extremist crimes and at the same time a direction for thinking about the possibilities of implementing effective means into domestic legislation and practice.


Ultra-fine nickel powders were prepared by electrochemical reduction of NiO powder using lithium-ion battery as a micro-reactor.X-ray measurement shows that the synthesized powder consists of pure nickel phase with grain size of about 5nm.Laser particle size determination shows the nickel powder has a narrow particle size distribution with D50 in the range of 200-600nm.Transmission electron microscopy shows the nickel powder is 80-200nm.The particle size increases when increasing the discharge current density and discharge temperature.The dispersion performance of nickel can be optimized by surfactants.


This article surveys and discusses human interaction with automated control systems that employ modes. We focus our discussion on the features of the control system that lead to mode confusion and error. We first provide working definitions of the term mode and discuss key constructs that contribute to mode error, such as mode ambiguity and user expectations. Following this, we discuss human interaction with automated control systems in general and cockpit automation in particular. To provide a formal description of human interaction with such control systems, we introduce a modeling language, Statecharts, which is used by system engineers to specify complex control systems. We use the Statecharts language to describe the 3 types of modes that are commonly found in modem control systems: interface, functional, and supervisory modes. Examples from cockpit automation are used to illustrate each type of mode. The article concludes with a brief discussion of the links between the mode constructs and formal re...


A remote-sensing high-temperature transient measurement system of double lines of atomic emission spectroscopy with telescope was used to measure the explosion temperature of explosive.The time resolution of the measurement system can achieve 0.1 μs.The explosion temperature of Thermobaric Explosive(TBE) and TNT were measured by this remote sensing method under the same conditions,and the distributing curves of temperature vs.time were obtained.The experimental result of TBE was compared with that of TNT.There are two temperature peaks of 2 300 K and 2 050 K corresponding with the first and second phase of explosive reaction of TBE respectively,while only one temperature peak of 2 200 K appears when TNT explodes.The duration of high temperature higher than 1 900 K of TBE is 2-3 times that of TNT.


Exact expressions for the busy period distribution and its mean are obtained for a finite state- dependent Geom(n)/Geom(n)/1/N discrete queue with specific quadratic arrival and service rates


In order to deal with the issues of rutting in Vietnam, asphalt mixtures have been highly modified using a variety of additives, e.g. SBS, Polyethylene, crumb rubber or even produced with less bitumen so as to improve its resistance to permanent deformation. As a result, the flexibility of modified asphalt mixtures much decreases compared to unmodified mixtures, giving rise to a reduction in the resistance to fatigue cracking. Moreover, the thickness of flexible pavement structures in Vietnam is typically small ranging from 12 to 15 cm in asphalt layers while overloaded vehicles cannot be effectively controlled. Consequently, fatigue cracking occurs more and more often and early after opening to traffic. This paper aims at evaluating the effectiveness of Forta-fi fiber in improving the resistance to fatigue of conventional asphalt mixtures produced with low bitumen content and a very coarse dense gradation. Marshall method was used for sample compaction and mix design, whereas cyclic indirect tensile test was used for fatigue characterization. The experimental results show that adding 0.1% of Forta-fi fiber to asphalt mixtures significantly improves its resistance to fatigue, up to 2 times higher.


The geotechnical engineering, among the problems related to water flow, is specifically interested in soil and water that it contains, and also on the movement of water through their pores, in addition to the laws governing this phenomenon. A very important subject is to quantify the retention and filtration of water within the soil structure; however, the emphasis should be not only on how much water flows through the soil but also on the state of pore water pressures because this pressure, either positive or negative, has a direct influence on the stress state and changes in volume of soil. Several publications address the issue of water flow in saturated state; however, only some of them consider the flow under unsaturated conditions. In this chapter, the main emphasis is focused on the study of water flow in unsaturated soils. Initially, the basic concepts and the main equations applicable to the study of water flow in unsaturated media are defined. Then, fitting and estimation models of soil hydraulic functions (soil-water characteristic curve and hydraulic conductivity function) necessa‐ ry to solve this type of problems are discussed. The importance of considering calcula‐ tions in the unsaturated zone of the flow region is demonstrated by the analysis of a tailings dam. It is explained how to perform two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) numerical analysis of water flow by finite element method (FEM) under steady and transient-state conditions, whose results are evaluated and coupled to study the stability of the structure assuming the phi-b linear model for unsaturated soils. Special attention to the analysis of the variations obtained in 2D and 3D models constructed with extrusions and rough topography of the site is given. Finally, important recommendations for engineering practice according to the results obtained are issued.


Prehnite, an ubiquitous alterat ion product in caldc systems, was found in an unreported endoskarn occurrence, at Surduc (Banat Moun tains). This endoskarn is developed at the contact betwee~ monzodiorites belonging to a second phase of the Surdue 1 intrusive stage (Coniadan Maastrichtian in age) and gabbros belonging to an earlier intrusive phase of the same stage. The primary skarn paragenesis consists of andradite (andr. 91.04 to andr. 98.36), caldc plagioclase (Ah. 44.79 Or. 4.02 An. 51.19) and diopside. Prehnite is clearly pseudomorph onplagioclase, occur ring as a late hydrometasomatic product. The average of three microprobe analyses gave : Si02 = 40.87 %, Ah03 = 27.03 %, FeO = 0.39 %, Fe203 = 1.20 % (assumed after wet-chemical tests), CaO = 25.50 %, MgO = 0.32 %, MnO = 0.14 %, H20 = 4.31 % (thermogravimetric}. The mineral is white


Meningiomas of the ventral foramen magnum are rare lesions that account for less than 3% of all meningiomas. Their treatment remains one of the most challenging among all meningiomas. The authors comprehensively analyzed multiple features in the series of patients who harbored these lesions. The authors conducted a retrospective study of 18 patients who harbored lesions in the ventral foramen magnum (mean follow up 40 months) in whom surgery was performed via a transcondylar approach. Sixteen patients underwent surgery for the first time: in 12 patients (75%) gross total, in two (12.5%) near total, and in two (12.5%) subtotal tumor removal was achieved. The remaining two patients were treated for a recurrent tumor. Karnofsky Performance Scale (KPS) scores obtained at follow-up review demonstrated statistically significant improvement compared with those obtained preoperatively. The extent of surgical resection and preoperative KPS score were variables that demonstrated statistically significant favorable influence on outcomes. Ninth and 10th cranial nerve palsies were the most common complication that contributed to the prolonged hospital stay; six patients who experienced nerve palsy preoperatively worsened postoperatively, and four other patients developed nerve palsy after surgery. There were no perioperative deaths. Four patients died during the follow-up period. One patient died of multiple myeloma; another, who underwent surgery for a recurrent tumor, died 3 years after this second surgery from new tumor recurrence at 80 years of age; and the remaining two patients died 1.5 and 5 months postsurgery of pulmonary embolus and endocarditis, respectively. Meningioma of the ventral foramen magnum can be radically removed in a majority of patients in whom complications will be frequent but transient, resulting from lower cranial nerve palsies. The radical removal of a recurrent tumor provides for the patient a relatively long, stable follow-up period. Patients presenting with a low KPS score have a poor prognosis. Early diagnosis and treatment are recommended.


Objective of the study is to develop a more precise model of culture as an evolutionary niche for the human species. Culture is encoded in cultural models and can be decomposed into three basic components: shared knowledge and understanding, referred to as cultural competence; alternate configurations of shared understanding, referred to as residual agreement; and social practice, referred to as cultural consonance. Individuals are thus located in a cultural Euclidean space of shared understanding, patterned divergence from that understanding, and social practice.


The research on the dynamic characteristics of vehicles requires wind tunnel tests. The natural mass frequency of the support mechanism and the interference of the support mechanism on the flow field will greatly reduce the repeatability and accuracy of the experimental results. The magnetic suspension and balance system (MSBS) uses non-contact electromagnetic force instead of mechanical support to eliminate the support mechanism's interference with the test results. The MSBS needs to actively adjust the electromagnetic force to control the position of the tested model. At present, its control strategy is PID control. However, when the wind tunnel is opened, there will be large aerodynamic loads, leading to large changes in displacement. We propose a disturbance compensation control algorithm framework that can quickly estimate the external force disturbance and quickly compensate it to the control loop, reduce the influence of the disturbance on the control system, and provide stability and accuracy of displacement control.


Objective
To evaluate the clinical efficacy and feasibility of treatment of mono-segmental thoracic spine tuberculosis with one-stage posterior focus debridement and internal fixation of inter-centrum non-structural bone grafting.

Methods
Retrospective study of patients with mono-segmental thoracic spine tuberculosis who underwent surgery in our hospital from January 2010 to January 2013 was conducted. 27 patients were involved in the study, including 16 male patients and 11 female patients. The age of patients is from 23 to 69 (average age 40.3). 22 patients suffered from combined spinal cord dysfunction. For the classification of ASIA, 2 cases were of Grade B, 8 cases were of Grade C and 12 cases were of Grade D. All patients had obvious bone destruction in thoracic spine shown on CT and MRI before the operation. All patients were given anti-tuberculosis drugs (Isoniazid, Rifampicin, Ethambutol, Streptomycin) for 2-3 weeks, preoperatively. And all patients underwent one-stage posterior focus debridement, and bone particles gained from partial decompression and spina iliaca posterior superior bone particles were planted among the centrum. Pedicle screw fixation was conducted internally. Thoracic vertebra X-ray film and CT were rechecked per 3 months after the operation. Bone grafting fusion and physiological curvature change of thoracic vertebra were evaluated.

Results
All patients were followed up for 12-24 months with the average time of 21.7±2.3 months. The operating time was 110-190 min (average time 167±35 min) and the bleeding amount during the surgery was 350-700 ml (490±160 ml on the average). The bone grafted in centrum achieved bone fusion with the average fusion time of 6.5±2.4 months. The neurological function was improved for all patients, including 19 cases (Grade 1 improvement) and 3 cases (Grade 2 improvement). The preoperative and postoperative Cobb angles of thoracic vertebra were 47°±11° and 41°±9°, respectively. And it was 43°±10° at the final followup period.

Conclusion
Based on the standardized treatment of antituberculosis drugs and strong fixation with pedicle screw and rod, one-stage posterior focus debridement and internal fixation of inter-centrum non-structural bone grafting are effective and feasible to treat mono-segmental thoracic spine tuberculosis.

Key words:
Thoracic vertebrae; Tuberculosis; Internal fixators


Minimal unsatis?ability is a topic in the ?eld of satis?ability (SAT). Minimally unsatis?able subformulae (MUSes) are minimal subsets of an unsatis?able formula that are unsatis?able. They can therefore be seen as causes of unsatis?ability. With recent improvements in SAT solving, extracting MUSes has also become faster. Lately increasingly more effort has been put in getting MUS extraction to industrial strength. This thesis tries to speed up MUS extraction by applying preprocessing techniques from the ?eld of SAT solving. Application is not always straightforward. Some techniques have to be modi?ed and some are not applicable at all. For each of the discussed techniques, this thesis describes how they affect MUSes and what has been done to apply them.


ABSTRACT AN elliptical cutter was developed to replace the conventional sickle on a row crop forage har-vester. Field data were collected to determine the influ-ence of operating parameters on peak torque require-ments of the rotary cutter while cutting corn stems. Dimensional analysis and a 4 x 3 factorial design were used to determine optimum operating conditions.


The article considers the role of cultural space in the formation of value orientations of modern youth. The vectors of the influence of cultural space on the formation of value orientations were analyzed, three levels of the influence of cultural space on the formation of value orientations (macro, meso and micro levels) were characterized. The influence of cultural space can be significant, but not always consistent with the dominant values of society. In this regard, it is necessary to study the forms, methods and mechanisms of this influence, and not reject its existence. The direct impact of cultural space on the process of forming youth value orientations consists in conscious self-regulation of individual value orientations of young people in a specific sociocultural environment of society. The main characteristics of the modern cultural space of Russian youth should be used as a basis for the formation and implementation of youth policy, respectively. Such characteristics include: blurred boundaries (including the boundaries of social norms), reduction of high culture in favor of mass consumer and virtualization of interaction with cultural objects.


Some approaches for coping with the problem of recognition of spontaneous speech dialogues are presented. Starting from a HMM-based system, developed for dictation tasks, some modi(cid:12)cations are introduced at the acoustic level and in the language model. Acoustic model parameters are modi(cid:12)ed to account for speaking rate variations, and speci(cid:12)c models of extra-linguistic phenomena are de(cid:12)ned and added to the language model. Di(cid:11)erent acoustic models are managed by a single recognizer throughtheir integration into a multi-model search space. Experiments and evaluations were conducted on a spontaneous dialogue corpus collected at our laboratory.


We study the competition between intersite and local correlations in a spinless two-band extended Hubbard model by taking an alternative limit of infinite dimensions. We find that the intersite density fluctuations suppress the charge Kondo energy scale and lead to a Fermi liquid to non-Fermi-liquid transition for repulsive on-site density-density interactions. In the absence of intersite interactions, this transition reduces to the known Kosterlitz-Thouless transition. We show that a new line of non-Fermi-liquid fixed points replace those of the zero intersite interaction problem. {copyright} {ital 1996 The American Physical Society.}


Dynamics of a nonlinear cellular automaton (CA) is, in general asymmetric, irregular, and unpredictable as opposed to that of a linear CA, which is highly systematic and tractable, primarily due to the presence of a matrix handle. In this paper, we present a novel technique of studying the properties of the State Transition Diagram of a nonlinear uniform one-dimensional cellular automaton in terms of its deviation from a suggested linear model. We have considered mainly elementary cellular automata with neighborhood of size three, and, in order to facilitate our analysis, we have classified the Boolean functions of three variables on the basis of number and position(s) of bit mismatch with linear rules. The concept of deviant and nondeviant states is introduced, and hence an algorithm is proposed for deducing the State Transition Diagram of a nonlinear CA rule from that of its nearest linear rule. A parameter called the proportion of deviant states is introduced, and its dependence on the length of the CA is studied for a particular class of nonlinear rules.


class MbSysSpecV isitor also extends abstract class PNV isitor, in which all the common features of the project, such as the address space of each sub-system, is defined. Four classes, XPSTemplate, CustomIpCoreNetworkV isitor, XPSProfileNetworkV isitor, and MicroblazeProcessV isitor, are defined to extend the abstract class MbSysSpecV isitor. Class MicroblazeProcessV isitor, which is called by class MicroblazeNetworkV isitor, generates global program code files MemoryMap.h and aux func.h. At the same time, it traverses the syntax tree of each processor and calls method visitStatement() of class MicroblazeStatementV isitor to generate program codes for each processor. Class CustomIpCoreNetworkV isitor is an abstract class which defines all common features of the generation for custom IP cores. There are three concrete classes, namely FifoCtrlNetwo rkV isitor, ClockCycleCounterNetworkV isitor, and CounterInputNetworkV isitor, which extend CustomIpCoreNetworkV isitor to generate three different IP cores, i.e., fifo if ctrl v1 00 a, clock cycle counter v1 00 a, and counter input ctrl v1 00 a described in Section 3.2.4 and Section 5.4.2. For the project related files, such as the MHS, MSS, and XMP files, we define a template operation. Abstract class XPSTemplate is used to describe the common template descriptions. There are three concrete template classes extend XPSTemplate, namely MhsTemplate, MssTemplate, and XmpTemplate, which define the actual templates of the MHS, MSS, and XMP files, respectively. The last abstract class is XPSProfileNetworkV isitor. It is a abstract class for the generation of the above three project files using their corresponding templates. Three concrete class, MhsSpecV isitor, MssSpecV isitor and XmpSpecV isitor, extend this abstract class. They are used to generate the corresponding MHS, MSS, and XMP file. They are also called by class MicroblazeNetworkV isitor when ESPAM is executed. 3.5 Discussion and Conclusion In this chapter, we have described in detail how we implement the abstract model of a multiprocessor platform onto a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) chip for prototyping. We use a commercial tool, namely Xilinx Embedded Development Kit (EDK) [32], as the final synthesis tool set to build the multiprocessor platform ready for an implementation on our target FPGA board. 3.5 Discussion and Conclusion 41 We notice that Xilinx provides designers the EDK tool with a rich set of design tools and a wide selection of standard peripherals required to build embedded processor systems using MicroBlaze or PowerPC processor. But it does not provide a methodology how to design the systems in a systematic and automated way. Thus, the situation the designers are facing is that they have to do it all by hand. This is rather bearable if they only spend several hours to design a simple embedded processor system with a single processor. But for a multiprocessor system, this can be a nightmare. Such a design involves constructing the multiprocessor platform, partitioning an application and allocating them to multiple processors, and debugging the multiprocessor system. This design process is rather time consuming, error prone, difficult and depends very much on the expertise of the designer. Therefore, we have developed a methodology and tool called ESPAM that allows fast and efficient mapping of an application onto multiprocessor platforms. One novelty in our ESPAM tool is that it automatically generates the multiprocessor platform and the program code for each processor in the platform for a given Matlab application as a project that can be accepted by EDK. The automatic and systematic approach is a correct-by-construction mapping of a KPN parallel specification onto multiprocessor platform. The automation will reduce significantly the design time of a system and possible errors in the mapping process will be eliminated. Another novelty is the communication mechanism in our multiprocessor platform. We generate a FIFO controller between the processors and the hardware FIFO buffers. The FIFO controller translates the MicroBlaze LMB bus protocol into the FSL bus FIFO specific protocol. The MicroBlaze processor has to communicate with the FIFO buffers via this controller if the LMB bus is used for connection between a processor and a FIFO buffer. This offers a flexibility while implementing the multiprocessor platform on other target platform. If the bus protocol on either side of the controller changes, we only have to make some corrections of the protocol translation mechanism of the controller. The structure or topology of the multiprocessor platform need not to be changed. 42 Multiprocessor Platforms FPGA Prototyping


Bad breath is a common problem which is associated with a variety of factors. The contribution of dental factors related to periodontal health with bad breath remains controversial. Further, because of the problems inherent in odor judge scoring of oral malodor, other adjunct techniques have been proposed. We have recently developed one such colorimetric technique (the 'OK2KISS' test), based on the level of beta-galactosidase in saliva.

Aims  The aim of the present study were (i) to determine the factors associated with oral malodour in a group of 71 Israeli subjects, and (ii) to compare existing testing methodologies with a new technique, recently developed in this laboratory (the 'OK2KISS' test).

Methods  The study population consisted of a convenience sample 71 Israeli subjects (mean age 36.2 ± 38.4; ages ranging from 15 to 65) who were either undergoing a standard medical (n = 14), checkup, were about to commence orthodontic treatment (n = 12 ), or were siblings, or parents of orthodontic patients at Tel Aviv University (n = 55). Parameters measured included whole mouth odor judge scoring, halimeter, OK2KISS, gingival index, plaque index and probing depth.

Results  Odor judge scores were significantly associated with halimeter (r = 0.55; P < 0.001), as well as the OK2Kiss test (r = 0.52; P < 0.001). However, neither gingival index, plaque index, nor probing depth was significantly associated with odor judge scores or halimeter scores. Logistic regression analysis showed that both halimeter and OK2Kiss scores factored significantly (P = 0.005 and 0.018, respectively, odds ratios 14.9 and 2.7, respectively) in predicting the severity of oral malodour.

Conclusion  The study suggests that (i) in this population, periodontal health and oral malodour were not related; and (ii) that the OK2Kiss, together with halimeter scores, can serve to predict the severity of oral malodour levels.


Acknowledgements: Saif Rathore and Caleb Alexander made essential contributions to the design of the physician survey and experiment and provided invaluable clinical expertise. Andrew Ching, Claudio Lucarelli, Andrea Morales and Sungho Park provided insights about early drafts of this article, as did participants at the 2010 American Society of Health Economists Conference and Annual Health Economics Conference. Kirsten Axelsen and staff at Pfizer Inc. provided generous support for the project. Harris Interactive implemented the survey and participated in its design. Survey and other data costs were funded by Pfizer Inc.


. Sinking boreholes to tap groundwater supplies facilitated expansion of all-year round livestock production into the semi-arid Kalahari. Increased grazing and trampling pressure around the boreholes often caused vegetation changes and range degradation. The long-term influences of cattle grazing on vegetation pattern around watering points in the southern part of the semi-arid Kalahari are investigated using a grid-based simulation model. Shrub-grass dynamics are modelled for two regimes with high and low rainfall and under various stocking rates. Results indicate the formation of distinct vegetation zones ('piosphere' zones) at the high rainfall site. Under all tested stocking rates distinct zones of bare soil, woody shrubs and a mixed grass-shrub savanna develop. The piosphere zones expand outwards at a rate correlated with the grazing pressure. At the lower-rainfall site zone development is limited and influenced by rainfall. Under abnormally high stocking rates an increase in shrub cover occurs within 50 yr under the low rainfall regime, leading to less distinct zones than under the high rainfall scenario. Modelling results suggest that the recovery potential of shrub-encroached piosphere zones after withdrawal of cattle is negligible in a time span of 100 yr.


Platinum compound was synthesized from potassium chloroplatinite, methylmalonic acid and trans-1,2-dimethylamine cyclobutane (or oxalate) by hydrolysis , named methyl malonic acid-[trans-1,2dimethylamino cyclobutane] platinum(II) compound. It was analyzed by elemental analysis, ESI-MS, IR and 1 H NMR. The structure and composition of the compound are consistent with the theory. MTS method was applied to evaluate its anti-tumor activity. The results showed that the compound has obvious inhibitory activity on the growth of Five common cancer cells.


Aggregation of small networking hardware has led to an ever increasing power density in data centres. The energy consumption of IT systems is continuing to rise substantially owing to the demands of electronic information and storage requirements. Energy consumption of data centres can be severely and unnecessarily high due to inadequate localised cooling and densely packed rack layouts. However, as heat dissipation in data centres rises by orders of magnitude, inefficiencies such as air recirculation causing hot spots, leading to flow short-circuiting will have a significant impact on the thermal manageability and energy efficiency of the cooling infrastructure. Therefore, the thermal management of high-powered electronic components is a significant challenge for cooling of data centres. In this project, an operational data centre has been studied. Field measurements of temperature have been performed. Numerical analysis of flow and temperature fields is conducted in order to evaluate the thermal behaviour of the data centre. A number of undesirable hot spots have been identified. To rectify the problem, a few practical design solutions to improve the cooling effectiveness have been proposed and examined to ensure a reduced air-conditioning power requirement. Therefore, a better understanding of the cooling issues and the respective proposed solutions can lead to an improved design for future data centres.© 2010 ASME


The quantitative changes in carbohydrates of two varieties (i.e., red netal and HG-4)
of groundnuts during germination have been investigated. On germination, raffinose,
stachyose and verbascose decreased gradually up to 48 h and almost disappeared
completely in laler stages of germination (140 h). Glucose and fructose levels increased
4--6 fold; while sucrose content increased considerably throughout germination
in both the varieties of groundnuts. TIle starch content increased about four
fold during germination in both the varieties. The pentosan content was almost
constant up to 36 h but decreased in laler stages of germination. The oil content
decreased significantly from 52 to 8.0~';;. The fairly high initial ct-galactosidase and
lipase activity in resting seeds, increased considerably during germination in both the
varieties studied. On the other hand the pentosanase activity was not detected up to
36 h of germination but it appears to increase abruptly afterwards.


Considering the effect of the bridge deck's bending stiffness and the indirect effect of adjacent cables (CEB), this paper aims to propose a refined model to reliably analyze the complex internal resonance mechanism of the tower–multicable–beam coupled system (MCS) under nonlinear geometric conditions. To accurately analyze the dynamic behavior, the shear difference effect is applied to simulate the continuous rigidity of the single beam. The dynamic equations of the whole resonance system are derived based on the D'Alembert Principle and the Finite Difference Method, the Galerkin Method and verified by the case study. The results of the numerical simulation based on the Fourth Runge–Kutta Method show that the dynamic parameter of each component is closely related to the coupled resonance of the system. The dynamic behavior under two conditions, tower–cable 1:1 resonance (TCR) or cable–beam 1:2 resonance (CBR), is deeply analyzed. Additionally, the excitation effect of the maximum amplitude by two excitation approaches, the initial displacement or initial velocity, both show a linear increase. The mutual transmission process of vibration excitation on the cable through the bridge beam or the tower as the medium is also further discussed.


III Executive Summary V Chapter OneIntroduction 1 Chapter TwoLiterature Review 5 Biodiversity Loss and NPAs 5 Biological and Ecological Corridors 11 Stakeholder Perception and Conservation 15 Chapter ThreeThe Municipality of Landa de Matamoros 21 Location and Natural History 21 Ecological Corridor of the Sierra Madre Oriental (CESMO) 23 Sierra Gorda Biosphere Reserve of Querétaro (RBSG) 25 Stakeholders 29 Environmental Programs in Landa de Matamoros 33 Data Collection Methods 37 Chapter 4Results and Discussion 41 Participants' Interview Results 41 Program Managers' Interview Results 48 Local Leaders' Interview Results 50 Discussion and Lessons Learned 51 Chapter 5Policy Recommendations 57 Sierra Gorda Biosphere Reserve (RSBG) 57 Ecological Corridor of the Sierra Madre Oriental (CESMO) 60 Bibliography 63 Appendix A: Project Report for Biodiversity Conservation in the CESMO 71 Appendix BIRB Materials 81


Metal hydride, characterized with hydrogenatable memory metal powder is filled into at least one Hydridkammer that the Hydridkammer (1; 19; 20) at least one gap (2; 6; 9) whose width is less than or equal to the diameter of the of hydride that one or more of Hydridkammern (1; 19; 20) are arranged in a hydride container (3), wherein the hydride container (3) and the Hydridkammern (1; 19; 20) of a as an extruded profile made or directly blown aluminum alloy.


Background: Primary or essential thrombocytosis in children is very rare but reactive thrombocytosis occurs in children and respiratory tract infection is the commonest cause. The study aimed to determine the association of thrombocytosis with severity of lower respiratory tract infection; and the association of degree of thrombocytosis with severity of pneumonia. Materials and methods: This observational study was conducted in the Department of Paediatrics of Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed Medical College & Hospital, Barpeta in Assam. This study was done on 120 children aged between 2 months and 5 years who were admitted with lower respiratory tract infection and classified according to WHO guidelines. Complete general physical examination and systemic examination with special orientation towards respiratory system was done. Complete blood count was performed with automated system sysmex xs800i cell counter. Thrombocytosis was noted and severity of thrombocytosis was classified. Results: Among 120 cases of lower respiratory tract infections, 48 children had thrombocytosis. 13 (48.1%) children with very severe disease, 29 (46.1%) children with severe pneumonia and 6(20%) children with pneumonia had thrombocytosis. Thus it was seen that there was significant association between platelet count and severity of pneumonia (p value=0.018). Two children had severe thrombocytosis (9.01-10.00L/mm3) and both of them had very severe disease. It indicates that degree of thrombocytosis increases as severity of pneumonia increases. Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between thrombocytosis and severity of pneumonia. Also degree of thrombocytosis increases as severity of pneumonia increases. Keywords: thrombocytosis; lower respiratory tract infection; pneumonia; severe pneumonia


This second edition bears little resemblance to the first (1957), for the field of endocrine assays has experienced a phenomenal growth in the past ten years. The authors aim to assess the reliability of currently used assays and to discuss their use and interpretation in clinical practice. These goals have been satisfactorily achieved. The authors are to be praised for having used almost entirely data from the human. Roughly the first third relates to pituitary hormones. The information is up-to-date and the gonadotropin evaluation is excellent. Now that sensitive radioimmunoassays for human growth hormone are available in more and more centers, information on this is of great interest. The importance of provocative tests with induced hypoglycemia and arginine infusion in promoting growth hormone secretion is not stressed. This is unfortunate, since the major usefulness of these assays will be in screening children with growth failure. It is unfair to criticize


The relevance of models explaining local public expenditure behaviour may depend upon the size of the population of municipalities. To refine this intuition, the paper puts two alternative specifications in competition, one from the demand side and the other from the supply side. The data set includes 14,900 French municipalities for 1998. The econometric methodology uses a data-sorting method developed to test whether the responsiveness of local governments to voters is stable across small-size and large-size municipalities. It appears that the median-voter model is rejected for the 1,579 municipalities with more than 5,000 inhabitants, for which a supply-driven model fits better.


Two selected members of the homologous series An+2BBn′O3n+3 (A=Sr and Ca; B and B′=Co) have been investigated for their crystal structures because of their potential applications as thermoelectric materials. A combined Rietveld refinement and spin-polarized magnetic geometry optimization technique was employed for the structural studies. Both the n=3 member, (Sr0.8Ca0.2)5Co4O12, and the n=4 member, Sr6Co5O15, have distorted hexagonal perovskite-related structures that possess one-dimensional cobalt oxide chains separated by alkaline-earth cations. The linear chains consist of one unit of CoO6 trigonal prism alternating with n units of CoO6 octahedra. Crystal structures and reference powder X-ray diffraction patterns of (Sr0.8Ca0.2)5Co4O11 [P3c1, a=9.4196(2) Å, c=19.9857(6) Å, V=825.83 Å3, and Dx=5.358 g/cm3] and Sr6Co5O15 [R32, a=9.497 64(12) Å, c=12.3956(2) Å, V=968.34 Å3, and Dx=5.455 g/cm3] are reported.


Abstract We find a one-parameter family of non-isomorphic nilpotent Lie algebras ga, with a > [0,∞), of real dimension eight with (strongly non-nilpotent) complex structures. By restricting a to take rational values, we arrive at the existence of infinitely many real homotopy types of 8-dimensional nilmanifolds admitting a complex structure. Moreover, balanced Hermitian metrics and generalized Gauduchon metrics on such nilmanifolds are constructed.


This thesis examines the teachings of the Buddha are drawn from
Japanese bonsai form of visual symmetry. Bonsai is a miniature of the
dwarfed plants in pots. In maintenance, bonsai requires enough sunlight,
water, fertilizer and soil suitable for healthy growth and good. The purpose
of this study explains how the shape of the bonsai Japanese visual symmetry
that contains the concept of life and death in Buddhism. This study analyzed
using descriptive analysis method that uses theories related to the concept of
bonsai and the concept of life and death in Buddhism.
Based on the results of this research note that the bonsai art form of
bonsai in Japan contains a visual symmetry. Chokkan shape containing
visual symmetry that describes the location of the man, heaven and
earth. Yose Ue shape containing visual symmetry that describes the
relationship between one human with another human being. Kengai shape
containing visual symmetry that describes the vagaries of human life should
be lived before humans experience death and be born again. Moyoubi shape
containing visual symmetry that describes the process of human li fe before
death. Bonsai does not only show the beauty and art of miniature plant alone,
bonsai also contain Buddha's teachings on the meaning of life and
death. The concept of life and death in Buddhism there in the form of visual
symmetry Japanese art of bonsai.


Plant disease is one of the important threat factors that hinder the normal growth and development of plants. The intelligent identification of plant disease species has become increasingly important in the agricultural field. In This paper, the open-source data set including Black rot, bacterial spot, rust, and healthy leaves are used to train the ResNet model. And the transfer learning algorithm is applied on ResNet to establish a plant disease recognition model with good versatility and high training efficiency. The experiment results show that the disease identification accuracy of the transfer learning model is 83.75%, which is much higher than that of the traditional ResNet-101 model. Therefore, the plant disease recognition model based on transfer learning algorithm is highly feasible.


The invention discloses a position information extracting method and device based on mass data. The method comprises the steps: extracting original data from a text retrieval system (TRS); extracting the public field and user agent (User-Agent) from the extracted original data, and obtaining application information from the User-Agent; according to the application information, extracting an extracting regulation corresponding to the application information in a preset regulation database, and extracting position information from the original data according to the extracting regulation; combining the position information and the public field to valid data; and outputting the valid data to a business database and/or a bcp file. The method is capable of solving the problems in the prior art that the position information is slowly extracted in the text retrieval and the efficiency is low, and achieving the high efficiency of extracting the position information in the mass data.


The 2001 Kunlunshan 8.1 large earthquake is an important event in China. The orderly characterestics of space and time of strong earthquake activity from 1996 to 2001 in western China and the relation of strong events between west part of China's mainland and Taiwan have been briefly discussed.


Algorithms for the preemptive scheduling of deterministic, real-time tasks can have applications in providing quality-of-service guarantees to packet flows in multichannel optical networks.


The article is devoted to the improvement of the system of support for decision-making in the insurance of jams against emergencies. The article pays special attention to the application of the Housing Insurance Act. Information on the number of insured dwellings provided. The algorithm of integral evaluation of the protection object proposed, which allows the insurance company to calculate the cost of the insurance policy.


Speech based language identification system has a wide range of applications in the field of telephone services, multilingual translation services, government intelligence and monitoring etc. Identifying the exact speech feature for classification is an important problem in the language identification research area. In this work, we are comparing the performance measures of a language identification system using two different supervised learning algorithms. Mel frequency cepstral coefficients and formant feature vectors are extracted for classification purpose. The system which is developed using the database of seven different Indian languages is capable of identifying languages with LDA giving a maximum classification accuracy of 93.88% when compared to SVM with a classification accuracy of 84%.


Despite their increasing need for assistance, technical assistance systems for the elderly often fail. The aim of this study is to investigate the human-technology interaction in the everyday life of older Chileans. It focuses on household technology, which subsumes technical devices that are used to simplify and manage daily routine. The aim of the investigation is to identify the technology used and the usage practices. By conducting interviews with observational parts, some special characteristics of the target group are revealed and general implications for product development are derived.


In situations of negative energy balance (NEB) due to feed scarcity or high physiological demands, body energy reserves (BR), mainly stored in adipose tissues, become the main sources of energy for ruminants. The capacity to mobilize and restore such BRs in response to different challenges is of major concern in the current context of breeding for resilience. Body condition score (BCS) is a common, practical indicator of BR variations throughout successive productive cycles, and quantitative tools for characterizing such dynamics at the individual level are still lacking. The main objective of this work was to characterize body condition dynamics in terms of BR mobilization and accretion capacities of meat sheep during their productive lifespan through a modelling approach. The animal model used in this work was the reproductive meat ewe (n = 1478) reared in extensive rangeland. Regular measurements of BCS for each productive cycle were used as the indicator of BR variations. A hybrid mathematical model and a web interface, called PhenoBR, was developed to characterize ewes' BCS variations through four synthetic and biologically meaningful parameters for each productive cycle i: BR accretion rate , BR mobilization rate , plus the time of onset and the duration of the BR mobilization, and ΔTi, respectively. The model converged for all the ewes included in the analysis. Estimation of the parameters indicated the inter-individual variability for BR accretion and mobilization rates, and for the length of the mobilization period. Body reserve mobilization rates were closely correlated between productive cycles. Significant correlations between BR mobilization and accretion rates suggest that the two processes are biologically linked. Parameters kp and kb decreased as parity increased. BR mobilization rate and duration increased as litter size increased, while BR accretion rate decreased. Individual characterization of animals by these parameters makes it possible to rank them for their efficiency in the use of body reserves when facing NEB challenges. Such parameters could contribute to better management and decision-making by farmers and advisors, e.g. by adapting feeding systems to the individual characteristics of BR dynamics, or by geneticists as criteria to develop future animal breeding programs including BR dynamics for more robust and resilient animals.


ABSTRACT Reference is the balance of employing a process to use materials to locate information. A key feature of teaching reference is to help students understand what a reference source is. This column introduces the dilemma of that seemingly easy task. It includes examples of course assignments to aid in that effort.


Conventional communication technologies are targeted mainly at spectrum efficiency, but not energy efficiency and environmental friendliness. Recent efforts from both industry and academia have dedicated to reduce the energy consumption and carbon emissions of the information and communication technologies (ICTs). There are two ways to achieve this goal: one is to conserve energy through energy-aware operation optimizations, and the other is to harvest renewable energy from ambient energy resources, such as solar, wind, etc., to power communication nodes. However, both ways are facing challenges. For instance, energy conservation in most cases has to sacrifice the quality of service (QoS), and one must balance the energy efficiency and QoS requirements to achieve a good tradeoff between them. For energy harvesting, the randomness of energy generation hinders reliable communications, and limited battery capacity together with imperfect battery technology causes extra problems. In addition, spatial-temporal mismatch of energy arrivals and traffic demands should be addressed with innovative node placement and resource management schemes.


In this paper an analysis technique is presented which allows the achievable performance specifications for a single wavelength pyrometer to be calculated. The effects of pyrometer wavelength, wafer emissivity, background radiation and detector noise limitations are all taken into account in the modelling. It is demonstrated that in order to maintain a given precision the wavelength of the pyrometer must be progressively reduced in order to maintain radiance contrast as the wafer temperature rises. The analysis technique is also shown to be an effective design tool for determining the required electronic and optical performance specifications of the pyrometer in order to obtain a given temperature measurement precision.


The conventional load flow methods for transmission systems could not be utilised for distribution systems, due to their especial characteristics. If methods like Newton-Raphson and Fast-Decoupled are used for distribution systems, the probability of their convergence will be low. Therefore, due to inherent characteristics of distribution systems, it is essential to develop the distribution version of the load flow methods. The distribution networks usually have single source node and they have a radial configuration, but sometimes there are one or multiple series voltage regulators to improve the voltage profile along the feeder. This paper presents a load flow method for distribution networks, which can handle the presence of series voltage regulators on the distribution networks, in various operating modes.


For long, node cooperation has been exploited as a data relaying mechanism. However, the wireless channel allows for much richer interaction between nodes. One such scenario is in a multi-channel environment, where transmitter-receiver pairs may make incorrect decisions (e.g., in selecting channels) but idle neighbors could help by sharing information to prevent undesirable consequences (e.g., data collisions). This represents a Distributed Information SHaring (DISH) mechanism for cooperation and suggests new ways of designing cooperative protocols. However, what is lacking is a theoretical understanding of this new notion of cooperation. In this paper, we view cooperation as a network resource and evaluate the availability of cooperation via a metric, pco, the probability of obtaining cooperation. First, we analytically evaluate pco in the context of multi-channel multi-hop wireless networks. Second, we verify our analysis via simulations and the results show that our analysis accurately characterizes the behavior of pco as a function of underlying network parameters. This step also yields important insights into DISH with respect to network dynamics. Third, we investigate the correlation between pco and network performance in terms of collision rate, packet delay, and throughput. The results indicate a near-linear relationship, which may significantly simplify performance analysis for cooperative networks and suggests that pco be used as an appropriate performance indicator itself. Throughout this work, we utilize, as appropriate, three different DISH contexts - model-based DISH, ideal DISH, and real DISH - to explore pco.


Heat transfer in packed or fluidized beds in the presence of a surrounding fluid is an important phenomenon which is relevant to numerous industrial applications. Here we extend an earlier derived 3D heat transfer model [305] to take into account particle-fluid heat convection in the case of Biot numbers ≫ 1. The Discrete Element Method (DEM) which is coupled with the commercial Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) package ANSYS Fluent is used as the modelling framework. As a first approximation of the flow induced inhomogeneity of the local heat transfer on the particle surface a distribution function is employed. To validate the resolved heat transfer model, we compare DEM/CFD simulations of three different materials (wood, Polyoxymethylene (POM) and aluminum) with performed experiments. This firstly includes cases where particle surface temperatures are compared with measurements of an infrared camera. Secondly, a numerical study of the average bed temperatures of particle core and surface is conducted to show the differences of the used materials. Thirdly, the core temperatures of three selected particles are compared against experiments. The DEM/CFD framework provides an accurate description of the temperature evolution where the wall effects are negligible. Close to the walls a qualitative agreement can only be achieved for materials with low thermal conductivities. As a consequence of this, in the second part of our investigation we provide various CFD simulations for the heating of an aluminum oxide wall which is required for the evaluation of the particle surface temperatures measured by an infrared camera. The simulation results show the same tendencies as the experiments, underline the complexity of the heat transfer at the walls and are a first step for the formulation of a complex particle-wall heat transfer model in the context of a DEM/CFD framework. 6. Results and Publications – Investigation VI 179


In order to avoid those errors we used the following method : the gauge is energetized by a constant current Ϊ and a variable calibrated resistor receives a current I = 1/10. The voltage across the gauge and resistor are then compared by subtraction after demodulation. The result is amplified and applied to a galvanometer. This method gives a direct reading of the resistance of the gauge R = R'/10 (R' being the value of the calibrated resistor for a null Signal on the galvanometer). The small changes in resistance near this value are then amplified and filtered. The Output Signal is applied to a recorder. The calibration depends only on the value of l and the gain of the amplifiers. It is then constant for any initial Stretch of the gauge. This is not true with Wheatstone bridge methods. Fig. 1 gives the block diagram of the plethysmograph. Phase shift oscillator I delivers a sinusoidal voltage (15 kHz) to current generators II and III energetizing the gauge G and the variable calibrated resistor R of 100 Ω with currents of respectively 30 mA and 3 mA. Demodulation occurs in circuits IV and V. Comparison is made by differential amplifier VI (gain 140). A low-pass filter VII is set in the feed-back loop of this amplifier (elimination of frequencies superior to 15 kHz). The result is applied to galvanometer VIII. Oscillations are amplified by amplifiers X (gain 4 10"2, 8 10-3, 4 10-Γ and 4 10~4 Ω/V) and applied to the recorder. Filter IX lessens respiratory effects on arterial Signals. This filter can be activated when switch Sj is in "arterial" position. It is disconnected in "venous" position. Switch 82 disconnects the galvanometer when on "wait" position, and connects it when on "measure" position.


In the last years of university education, especially in technical degrees, the university faculty finds a profile of students whose attitude is far from being a professional in a short space of time. The present research focuses on the role of the professor as a connector between the university and the business world of the 21st century job market which demands new skills from students, not just knowledge. Nowadays companies look for motivated people, able to resolve conflicts and work as a team ... that is, leaders who made flow communication in the company. Social skills are learned behaviours, so therefore, can be taught. Here is the importance of changing the learning model. Then, this paper focus on the importance of teaching the following disciplines: communication, leadership, teamwork, motivation and conflict resolution. These skills must be acquired during the formative years. The methodology presented here has been carried out in the subject "Construction Equipment, Installation and Auxiliary Resources" of the third year of the Degree in Technical Architecture at the University of Alicante. Traditionally, the teaching of this subject has been theoretical, with lecture classes. During the last years, as a transition, after bad academics results obtained from this perspective, its conception has completely changed, becoming a totally practical subject. Nowadays, students have the necessary didactic resources, to become the manager of their learning. This new methodology highlights the team work among the students, by searching information related to the topics previously explained. The methodology includes students as an active participant in the session where they have to expose to their classmates the results of their work, fostering leadership, motivation and selfesteem, and breaking the barrier of speak in public. With this methodology, after years of decline, academic results have improved again. Students are now motivated, and they have a greater optimization of the class time so they can easily reach the objectives marked by the subject. Another relevant improvement is their change of attitude towards their future business life. This innovative didactic approach addresses teaching in conflict resolution, where the issue is not about eliminating or preventing the conflict but to assume those situations and leave enriched of them. The present study had positive results for both teachers and students and the proposed methodology can be applied to many branches of knowledge, hence the importance of their disclosure.


Despite growing attention to authoritarianism as a psychological predisposition affecting political preferences in the West, little research has been done to determine the effects of this trait in East Asian societies. This paper applies the authoritarian dynamic theory (Stenner, 2005) to Chinese perceptions of international organizations. The paper shows that authoritarianism, a trait more likely to be found in less educated, lower income, and older citizens in inland provinces, has been on the rise since the early 2000s in China. It uses World Values Survey data and finds that authoritarian foreign policy dispositions— namely, lower trust in the United Nations (UN) and the AsianPacific Economic Cooperation (APEC)— can be activated via high levels of war threat in China. Authoritarianism, when activated by threat of war, has the opposite effect on confidence in international organizations that nationalism does. Distrustful attitudes towards the United Nations and APEC in the context of increasing regional tensions may be explained by this phenomenon. ∗Working paper: Please do not cite or circulate without permission. All mistakes are the author's. Special thanks to Iain Johnston and to the members of the 2016 China and International Relations (CHAIR) Graduate Student Workshop at UPenn for their comments on earlier drafts of this paper. †Department of Government, Harvard University, firstname.lastname@example.com


We report combined scanning tunneling microscopy, x-ray photoelectron emission spectroscopy, electron energy loss spectroscopy, and theoretical study of the growth of ultrathin Al film on the Si(111) substrate. We show that by (i) a modification of the substrate reconstruction with a 3×3 surface and (ii) a choice of materials with commensurate lattices, atomically flat film can be obtained even at the ultimate one monolayer limit, while maintaining a bulklike atomic structure. Detailed analysis shows that this monolayer Al(111)-1×1 film is electronically decoupled from the Si substrate, and it shows metallic characteristics.


The essence of the methodological approach to the development mining operations is the selection methods of technical and technological changes, which are based on systematic evaluation of solutions, technology and efficiency of their implementation, which is allow to provide a focused and uninterrupted process of forming mine productive and economic efficiency.


Notes are presented on the biology of 'Merimna atrata' (Gory and Laporte). The larval food plant for a reared specimen in eastern Queensland was fire-killed 'Baeckea frutescens' L. (Myrtaceae).


The variables, sample size and temperature of cooking media, were tested to determine their influence on myoglobin content and glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT) activities in bovine semimembranosus tissue thermally processed in a model heat treatment system. Data were obtained from 2.9 and 5.5 × 8.0 cm samples that were thermally processed to end-point temperatures (EPTs) of 62.8, 71.1 and 79.4°C in a water bath that exceeded EPTs by 2 and 20°C. Myoglobin denaturation differed (P < 0.05) by EPTs within samples, by sample size at the specified EPTs and by temperature of the heating media used to attain the EPTs within sample sizes. Similar variations at this probability level were observed in the analyses for residual GOT activities of the samples. Data indicate the inadequacies of analysis of these parameters in model systems that do not duplicate the actual process being evaluated.


Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to assess the management of public-sector projects in Portugal paying particular attention to the extent to which total quality management (TQM) principles are being utilized in such projects.

Design/methodology/approach
Based on an extensive review of the literature, nine propositions are advanced about the interrelationships among seven factors that were identified, in a previous study, as having some influence on the management process in the planning and implementation of public-sector projects in Portugal. Structural equation modeling was used to investigate these propositions using data obtained from 211 respondents to a survey of project managers from municipalities across Portugal.

Findings
The results of the structural equation model indicate that the TQM components working in tandem with project-management-specific variables provide a systematic means of managing the planning and implementation stages of projects, with technical items being critical in the planning stage and softer management items becoming important in the implementation stage.

Research limitations/implications
Readers should be careful not to generalize the findings in a global context or for private sector projects. However, researchers are encouraged to extend this study by including other planning and implementation variables with a view to discerning what particular characteristics of a project make it more amenable to TQM solutions.

Practical implications
The findings are presented to show how the key components of TQM, customer focus, employee involvement and continuous involvement, can be applied during the planning and implementation stages of projects.

Originality/value
The sample size of 211 is representative of the underlying population of project managers in municipalities across Portugal and is comparatively large in relation to other empirical project management studies from Portugal, lending credence to the generalizability of these finding to public-sector projects in Portugal.


Abstract : The objective of this research is to develop efficient parallel algorithms for a variety of problems and to analyze the scalability of new and existing parallel algorithms. Scalability analysis is an important tool used for predicting the performance of an algorithm-architecture combination when one or more of the hardware related parameters (interconnection network, speed of processors, speed of communication channels, number of processors) are changed. The problems studied as a part of this project come from diverse domains such as solution of differential equations, discrete optimization, neural network based learning, sorting and graph algorithms. In particular, we have studied parallel algorithms for solving linear systems using the preconditioned conjugate gradient method, partitioning of finite element meshes, balancing load in unstructured tree search arising in discrete optimization, the backpropagation neural network learning algorithm, dynamic programming, fast fourier transform, sorting, shortest-path computation for graphs, robot motion planning, and matrix multiplication. Parallel algorithms, Scalability analysis, Isoefficiency.


physical education is most often attained via implementation of fitness training principles into schoolbased settings. It is seldom attained via adherence to developmentally appropriate principles. The program presented in this article provides the physical educator with a method and the tools to attain both. By Alison Morag Murray, Pamella Murray-Hopkin, George Woods, Bhavin Patel, and Jeff Paluseo F Physical Educators Design and Implementation


A practical and efficient method for the preparation of homoallylic alcohol and its successful enzymatic resolution has been developed. This lipase-catalyzed resolution process has been optimized with respect to different lipases and solvents. Moreover, Mitsunobu strategy has been applied to recover the unwanted isomer. Further optically enriched homoallylic alcohol has been employed for the synthesis of (-)-centrolobine.


In their first five studies, Costa, Foucart, Arnon, Aparici, and Apesteguia (2014) fail to provide a statistical test of the foreign-language effect. Instead, the authors employ a procedure in which they test the framing effects separately for the native and the foreign language conditions. Such a procedure, however, is inappropriate when comparing two effects; rather, a test of their difference is required. Using the original data, it is shown that in four out of the five studies the authors' conclusions about the existence of a foreign-language effect are invalid.


Introduction: Gathering together as teachers, students, and educationists is always a good opportunity to raise issues and questions of common interest to generate debate and discussion. This is how we learn to listen to each other, to welcome others' views and opinions, and to question and rethink our own perceptions, conceptions and beliefs. In this paper, we would like to suggest ways to rethink the position and the status of the English language in the Maghreb. Our presentation will focus on the following main aspects:


Background—The use of fractional flow reserve (FFR) in acute coronary syndromes is controversial. The British Heart Foundation Fractional Flow Reserve Versus Angiography in Guiding Management to Optimize Outcomes in Non-ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction (FAMOUS-NSTEMI) study (NCT01764334) has recently demonstrated the safety and feasibility of FFR measurement in patients with non–ST-segment–elevation myocardial infarction. We report the findings of the cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) substudy to assess the diagnostic accuracy of FFR compared with 3.0-T stress CMR perfusion. Methods and Results—One hundred six patients with non–ST-segment–elevation myocardial infarction who had been referred for early invasive management were included from 2 centers. FFR was measured in all major patent epicardial coronary arteries with a visual stenosis estimated at ≥30%, and if percutaneous coronary intervention was performed, an FFR assessment was repeated. Myocardial perfusion was assessed with stress perfusion CMR at 3 T. The mean age was 56.7±9.8 years; 82.6% were men. Mean time from FFR evaluation to CMR was 6.1±3.1 days. The mean±SD left ventricular ejection fraction was 58.2±9.1%. Mean infarct size was 5.4±7.1%, and mean troponin concentration was 5.2±9.2 &mgr;g/L. There were 34 fixed and 160 inducible perfusion defects. There was a negative correlation between the number of segments with a perfusion abnormality and FFR (r=−0.77; P<0.0001). The overall sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value for an FFR of ⩽0.8 were 91.4%, 92.2%, 76%, and 97%, respectively. Diagnostic accuracy was 92%. The positive and negative predictive values of FFR for flow-limiting coronary artery disease (FFR⩽0.8) in patients with non–ST-segment–elevation myocardial infarction (n=21) who underwent perfusion CMR before invasive angiography were 92% and 93%, respectively. Receiver operating characteristic analysis indicated that the optimal cutoff value of FFR for demonstrating reversible ischemia on CMR was ⩽0.805 (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, 0.94 [0.9–0.99]; P<0.0001). Conclusions—FFR in patients with recent non–ST-segment–elevation myocardial infarction showed high concordance with myocardial perfusion in matched territories as revealed by 3.0-T stress perfusion CMR. Clinical Trial Registration—URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT02073422.


Radiation resulting from interaction between the effluent cloud of a space shuttle thruster and the ambient atmosphere was observed with a spectrograph aboard the shuttle. The spectral measurements were made between 400 and 800 nm with a resolution of 3 nm. The primary emissions are identified as NO2, HNO, O(1D), and O(1S). These are the first observations of O(1S) emission in the shuttle plume. These data are compared with previous measurements, and possible excitation mechanisms are discussed. The results are also compared with a Monte Carlo simulation of thruster plume-atmosphere interaction radiation.


Until recently there were arguments on the existence and the definition of childhood depression. In DSM-III(1980) childhood depression was accepted as the formal psychiatric disorder in childhood. As the diagnostic criteria for childhood depression is less clearly defined than those for other psychiatric disorders as well as prominent age-related variations in depression symptomatology, informations from various sources are very important in accurate diagnosis of childhood depression. Present study reviewed various assessment methods such as self-report questionnaires, interviews, behavior rating scales, structured tests and projective techniques with discussion on the merits and limitations of each method. Also several issues on the reliability and the validity of assessment techniques for childhood depression were discussed.


To study the mechanism and process characteristics of self-healing of
salt rock damage, the shear test was used to conduct initial damage to
the samples. Then, the experiment of self-healing recovery damaged salt
rock is designed. Computed Tomography (CT) tests, Scanning Electron
Microscope (SEM) tests and theoretical analyses have been performed to
study the characteristics of recovery of the damage salt rock during
self-healing. The experimental results showed that the crack of the
damaged salt rock have a good healing effect after short-term (such as 7
days) immersion in saturated brine. But in this healing process, brine
has two mechanisms of action. When the soaking time is less than the
threshold, the mechanism of brine action is softening, which leads to
the decrease of recovery rate of the salt rock. However, while the
soaking time exceeds the threshold, the mechanism of brine action is
healing and recovery.


Background: The efficacy of catheter ablation for Left posterior fascicular ventricular tachycardia associated with myocardial infarction (MI-FVT) has been reported. But the efficacy of verapamil for MI-FVT is unclear. Methods: We evaluated 3 patients with a prior MI who had sustained monomorphic VT showing right bundle branch block morphology (RBBB-MI-VT) and left axis deviation. Lidocaine, amiodarone, procainamide, propranolol, and verapamil were administered for RBBB-MI-VT in all patients. One of them underwent catheter ablation for RBBB-MI-VT. Results: VT was terminated by only a small dose (2.5 mg) of verapamil in all cases but any other agents were not effective. In one case who underwent catheter ablation, clinical VT was induced repeatedly by programmed stimulation. Presystolic purkinje potentials were recorded sequentially along the left ventricular posteroseptal area, where diastolic potentials were recorded partially during VT. Radiofrequency energy was applied at the site in which a Purkinje potential preceded QRS onset by 29 ms during VT and after additional linear ablation across the sites where presystolic purkinje potentials were recorded, clinical VT was successfully eliminated. Conclusions: These findings suggest that the possible pathophysiological mechanism of RBBB-MI-VT may be similar to idiopathic left ventricular tachycardia, which could be eliminated by catheter ablation.