Within the last decade the most significant development of European Union in the education field has been the Bologna Process. The reference point of the Process is European Qualifications Framework on an international level, and national qualifications framework on a national level. We handle the Bologna term of "sectoral qualifications" in two different meanings. The first is related to hierarchy of field of education from programme to broad field in the UNESCO approach. The second is sectoral standards which determined by needs of economic sectors. This paper is devoted to develop field architecture of scientific family of programme qualifications. In this work, while the field qualifications have been developed in Turkey, international standard classifications of education, occupations and industries have been taken into account; and moreover, qualifications have been developed from the vertically and horizontally hierarchical point of view, and chronological perspective. In this work, it is suggested that EQF-LLL and NQF can also be applied to all types of field qualifications.


Abstract The ultrastructure of the vegetative colonies of Phaeocystis pouchetii (Hariot) Lager‐heim is described here for the first time from an electron microscope study. The fine structure of this colonial non‐motile form is essentially similar to that of the flagellated zoospore. The non‐motile vegetative cells of P. pouchetii lack the dimorphic body scales characteristic of most free‐living flagellated zoospores of Prymnesiophyceae. Instead, they are protected by a multilayered mucilaginous envelope (of up to 10 layers). Chrysolaminarin vesicles, thought to form from the golgi body and enclosed in a unit‐membrane, periodically protrude through the plasmalemma into the external surrounding mucilaginous layer. It is suggested that these chrysolaminarin vesicles are directly related to the deposition of mucopolysaccharide outside the cell to add new layers to the existing envelope.


Different from most existing opinion retrieval systems separately process opinion analysis and relevance estimation as two one-step classification, this paper proposes a coarse-fine multi-pass opinion retrieval system incorporating mutual reinforcement between opinion analysis and relevance estimation. Based on linguistic observation on the opinion expression, some inner-and inter-sentence features are discovered. A multi-pass opinion retrieval system is then designed. Firstly, by using inner-sentence features, two base classifiers corresponding to opinion analysis and relevance estimation tasks, respectively, analyze the opinion and relevance of each sentence in the document. The inter-sentence features, including neighboring sentence-level, paragraph-level and document-level features, are obtained based on coarse analysis results. Secondly, both inner-sentence and inter-sentence features are incorporated the improved classifiers to refine the sentence analysis results and then update the inter-sentence features. Considering the strong association between opinionated sentences and topic-relevance sentences, the individual analysis results are refined following a mutual reinforcement mechanism. The updated features are then feed back to the improved classifier to further refine the sentence analysis results. Such circles terminate until the analysis results converge. Evaluations on NTCIR-7 MOAT dataset show that the proposed system achieved promising results. It shows that the proposed opinion retrieval system integrating coarse-fine analysis strategy and mutual reinforcement mechanism between opinion analysis and relevance estimation are effective.


This is the second in the series of the papers in which we investigate the Lorentz covariance of the extended object. In this paper we examine the covariance of the deformed object in 3+1 dimensions in the tree approximation. We construct the solution of the Euler equation, which is Lorentz covariant. In such a covariant solution, the variables associated with the rotational and the translational zero modes appear as classical quantum mechanical operators. Consequently the covariant solution has an intrinsic spin, in addition to the intrinsic quantum mechanical momenta. Then, at the end of this work we will show that such a covariant solution can be obtained also by quantizing a classical solution of the Euler equation, having extra variables signifying the center and the orientation of the deformed object. In the tree approximation, the energy–momentum and the relativistic angular momentum of the extended object ψ become pure classical quantum mechanical operators, having been integrated over the space. ...


In this article are presented the results of a bacteriologic examination of the blood during life of cases of scarlet fever with especial reference to general streptococcus infection in this disease. FREQUENCY OF STREPTOCOCCI IN FATAL SCARLATINA. Streptococci have played a prominent part in the bacteriology of scarlet fever since the earliest application of bacteriologic methods to its study. Their importance has grown as the observations have multiplied, and many now regard streptococci as an essential factor in the scarlatinal process. Among the earlier observations concerning general streptococcus infections in scarlet fever are those of Crooke, Loffler, Priedlander, Prankel and Freudenberg, Heubner and Bardt, Lenhartz and others, who found virulent streptococci in the internal organs and sometimes in the joints of victims of this disease. All these investigators appear to have regarded the streptococcus infection as entirely secondary in its character, the principal point of entrance being


The breakdown of gastrointestinal tract immune homeostasis leads to Crohn's disease (CD). Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have demonstrated clinical efficacy in treating CD in clinical trials, but there is little known about the mechanism of healing. Considering the critical roles of macrophage polarization and T cell activation in CD, and immunomodulatory properties of MSCs, we sought to decipher the interaction between adipose derived MSCs, macrophages and T cells including their cytokine production, regulation of differentiation and pro-/anti-inflammatory function.
 When MSC derived EVs from inflamed Crohn's mesentery were added to monocyte culture, monocytes rapidly differentiated into M1 macrophages (CD68+) from myeloid progenitors. When MSC derived EVS from control patients, regardless of the adipose source of MSCs (subcutaneous fat, omentum, normal mesentery), monocytes selectively differentiated into M2 macrophages (Arg-1+). Adoptive transfer of these differentiated M2 macrophages, effectively reversed T cell activation, proliferation, and cytokine production. Control patient isolated MSC derived EVs significantly suppressed T cells function with significantly decreased levels of inflammatory cytokines, as compared to diseased mesentery MSC derived EVs. This T cells inhibition was a result of NO synthase, arginase, and reduced ERK induced inflammatory signaling.
 MSCs alter macrophage polarization and subsequent T cell activation. Healthy MSCs have the ability to drive monocytes to a M2 subset which then effectively reverses T cell function. This mechanism supports why MSCs are effective for regulating CD progression and offers pathways for the evaluation of various MSC sources for optimal efficacy.


To the Belgian wood firm De Coene, the 1958 world's fair (Brussels) or Expo 58 functioned as a multifaceted promotion of its renewed profile: a celebrated furniture producer in the interwar period, the company had reoriented its activities mainly towards the building industries. Especially its glued laminated timber (glulams) proved to be a challenging and competitive construction element. De Coene's involvement with Expo 58 resulted in 23 daring and imaginative constructions, several of which were noticed in the national and international specialists' press. This paper highlights the surprising dominance and architectonic innovations of De Coene at Expo 58 in the context of building in Belgium in the post-war years. By focusing on the impact of the local building industry, it adds a new approach to the architectural and construction history of world's fairs.


Pressure Ulcer is a localized injury to the skin and/or underlying tissue usually over a bony prominence, as a result of pressure, or pressure in combination with shear.[1] Nowadays, pressure ulcers are the third most costly disease after cancers and cardiovascular diseases. The mortality rates from this disease are 2 to 6 times as much as from other diseases, with 60,000 deaths annually due to this complication.[2] Pressure ulcer occurs more frequently in the tissues of the extremities of the body and in bony extensions such as sacrum and heel in inpatients. The most important risk factors for pressure ulcers are low physical activity, decreased consciousness, urinary and fecal incontinence, malnutrition, and advanced age.[3]


The structure of the title compound, μ3,η2-trimethylsilylethynyl-μ-trimethylsilylethynethiolato-pentadecacarbonyldicobalttriruthenium, [Ru3Co2(μ3,η2-C≡CSiMe3)(μ-SC≡CSiMe3)(CO)15], consists of an open triangular Ru3 framework with the acetylide ligand σ-bonded to one Ru atom and π-bonded to the other two Ru atoms. Additionally, the SC≡CSiMe3 ligand, which has a Co2(CO)6 fragment coordinated to the C≡C bond, bridges the two terminal Ru atoms of the triangle to give a dimetallatetrahedrane structure.


This paper integrates discursive and non-discursive knowledge and practice into the web2.0-based multidimensional course of Academic Writing in English. By resorting to the rationale of collaborative writing as embodied in critical linguistics and social constructionism, the space of teaching and learning can be effectively broadened like promoting beneficiary instructor/expert-student as well as student-student interactions and most importantly, enhancing the awareness of situated social learning among students.


The effect of a tributylmethylphosphonium methylsulfate ionic liquid (IL) aqueous solution on the equilibrium conditions of carbon dioxide and methane clathrate hydrates was studied. An isochoric pressure-search method was used to measure the hydrate dissociation conditions for the carbon dioxide + tributylmethylphosphonium methylsulfate + water and methane + tributylmethylphosphonium methylsulfate + water systems in the temperature ranges of (273.5 to 282.2) K and (273.3 to 288.5) K, and pressures up to (4.35 and 14.77) MPa, respectively. The concentrations of tributylmethylphosphonium methylsulfate in the aqueous solutions were 0, 0.2611, and 0.5007 mass fractions. The good agreement between our experimental hydrate dissociation data in the absence of tributylmethylphosphonium methylsulfate with selected literature experimental data demonstrates the reliability of the experimental method used in this work. The comparison between the hydrate dissociation conditions in the presence and absence of tributyl...


Information is growing day by day its important for the library services. In this paper internet is the important Tool for library, various library services are getting through the internet, all type of library services provide to the reader through internet and library software.


With the world population projected to near 10 billion by 2050, minimizing crop damage and guaranteeing food security has never been more important. Machine learning has been proposed as a solution to quickly and efficiently identify diseases in crops. Convolutional Neural Networks typically require large datasets of annotated data which are not available on demand. Collecting this data is a long and arduous process which involves manually picking, imaging, and annotating each individual leaf. I tackle the problem of plant image data scarcity by exploring the efficacy of various data augmentation techniques when used in conjunction with transfer learning. I evaluate the impact of various data augmentation techniques both individually and combined on the performance of a ResNet. I propose an augmentation scheme utilizing a sequence of different augmentations which consistently improves accuracy through many trials. Using only 10 total seed images, I demonstrate that my augmentation framework can increase model accuracy by upwards of 25\%.


The title compound is prepared by reaction of RbSr2Ta3O10 (obtained from Rb2CO3, SrCO3, and Ta2O5 at 1100 °C) with a two-fold molar excess of NiCl2 (340 °C, 7 d).


The chemical and electronic structure of the interface between a sputter‐deposited Zn(O,S) buffer layer and an industrial Cu(In,Ga)(S,Se)2 (CIGSSe) absorber for thin‐film solar cells is investigated with X‐ray and UV photoelectron spectroscopy, inverse photoemission spectroscopy, and X‐ray emission spectroscopy. We find a CIGSSe absorber surface band gap of 1.61 (±0.14) eV, which is significantly increased as compared to the minimal value derived with bulk‐sensitive methods (≈1.1 eV). We find no indication for diffusion of absorber elements into the buffer layer. Surface‐ and bulk‐sensitive measurements of the buffer layer suggest the presence of S‐Zn and S‐O bonds in the Zn(O,S) layer. We find that the naturally existing downward band bending toward the CIGSSe absorber surface is increased by the formation of the interface, likely enhancing carrier separation under illumination. We also derive a flat conduction band alignment, in line with the reported high conversion efficiencies of corresponding large‐area solar cells.


Morag Murray Abdullah, a British woman married to a Pathan chieftain's son, lived on the North-West frontier and later traveled to colonial India. Published in1934, her journal, My Kyber Marriage, records her attempts to merge her Western colonial alliances with her Eastern marriage. Of particular note is Abdullah's use of the cinematic metaphors of the harem and abducting sheikh to explain her frontier experiences to her Western readers. Although Abdullah defines her task as forging a bond between her differing allegiances, her journal ultimately reveals that she is more interested in envisioning the East as a romantic adventure with herself as both creator and participant. Though Abdullah eagerly adopts the role of guide for her Western readers, this position backfires on her when she re-enters British colonial society. Thus, an identity that allows her the freedom to create and transform on the frontier, serves to strangle and control her within the boundaries of empire.


This paper describes the existing situation of China's cemented carbides industry development and elaborates the hardships.Based on the analysis of the underlying reasons,this paper suggests that a new-brand road of sustainable development is the only way to deal with the difficulties.


W e calculate the transverse-m om entum (pT) distribution for the inclusive hadroproduction of B m esonsatinterm ediate valuesof pT atnext-to-leading order(NLO)in a dedicatednite-m ass schem eusingrealisticnon-perturbativefragm entation functionsthatareobtained through aglobal �tto e + e data from CERN LEP1 and SLAC SLC exploiting theiruniversality and scaling vio- lations. W end thatnite-m ass eects m oderately enhance the cross section,by about20% at pT = 2m b,and rapidly fade outwith increasing value of pT,so that the zero-m ass prediction is reached. W e also perform com parisons with recent p�


Post‐initiation effects of testosterone propionate (TP), α‐dihydrotestosterone (DHT) and ethinyl estradiol (EE) on 3,2′‐dJmethyl‐4‐aminobiphenyl (DMAB)‐prostate carcinogenesis in F344 rats have been investigated by administration of each hormone individually or either androgen in combination with EE. DNAB plus TP resulted in induction of invasive adenocarcinomas in the lateral and anterior prostate and seminal vesicles, as shown in a previous study, whereas DHT did not exhibit any positive modulation potential. Administration of EE together with TP produced increased carcinoma incidence in the lateral and anterior prostate, from 17 and 28% to 70% and 80%, respectively. Dorsal prostate tumors, all of the non‐invasive in situ type, were also evident in 30% of animals receiving both TP and EE. Rats treated with DHT plus EE, however, did not develop tumors. Our experiment thus provides evidence that estrogen may play an important role in prostate carcinogenesis. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


(57) Abstract: film, video projection televisions, in order to project an image in a computer and the slide, the screen is already in use. Most of the image, by too strong light saturation for the eye, all of these screens do not give life into the image. An object of the present invention will respect the physiological parameters of the visual, provides a three-dimensional image, it is to give a wider range of shades and colors dynamism of the image. Broader shades are obtained by optical diffraction of multilayer screen. Multi-layer, the diffraction of the beam of light coming from the projector. Rays, here and there in the embossed transparent or translucent at least one first layer, slightly partially reflected at different angles of incidence, even at least one very highly reflective second structural in It is reflected. The image seen by the viewer is the sum of all these diffraction effects. The overall perception is to perceive the three-dimensional image and impression of enhanced light. According to the method of the present invention, a very high light-emitting property yarn behind, in a transparent yarn woven on the surface, the fabric type of means is produced. This fabric is embossed to form a relief. Cloth also helps the acoustic effect of the time for use in movie screen. According to this method, it is possible to produce another variation form for screen televisions and computer. Method and apparatus for enhanced high-quality image and light utilizing direct light incidence can be applied movies, in the field of audio-visual technology and image projection.


The photoexcitation processes of two donor–acceptor-type copolymers PCFBT with different ratios between the donor and the acceptor (PCFBT0.5 and PCFBT0.1) in the solution system are systematically studied. If the number of the donor is equal to that of the acceptor in one repeat unit (such as PCFBT0.5), intrachain charge transfer (ICT) can occur and participate in the relaxation of the excited state after photoexcitation. When the number of donors is much larger than that of acceptors (such as PCFBT0.1) in one repeat unit, the ICT character can disappear, and the localized exciton decay process is dominant in the relaxation of the copolymer, which also involves an excitation intensity-independent vibrational thermal relaxation process at the initial time. The results further the understanding of the basic structure-property relationship. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2013, 51, 992–996


Electric vehicle manufacturers pay particular attention to climatic conditions in the Russian Federation, seeing that chemical reaction rates usually decrease when the environment temperature drops. The analysis of ambient temperature data in the region where electric vehicles will most likely be used aims to select extreme temperatures for calculating powers of a thermostat control system for traction batteries. An electric vehicle simulation model to calculate the power of the thermostat control system for traction batteries is described. An empirical model to assess a state of health of traction batteries is selected. This simulation model adequately reflects thermal processes in a traction battery and can be used for further research.


The aim of this work was to evaluate the application of a portable voltammetric electronic tongue device based on PSoC technology and an electrochemical sensor array of polypyrrole in the discrimination of samples of fresh milk adulterated with starch. The results showed that the device is able to perfectly discriminate the adulterated samples, separating them into well differentiated groups according to the amount of adulterant. In addition, the analysis of the correlation circle showed that all the sensors in the array provide useful information for the classification of the samples. Additionally, the ability of the device to determine the concentration of adulterant was explored through a PLS regression analysis. The obtained results allow to establish that the electronic tongue device can be used for quantitative determinations. However, the concentrations can present an average variation of 4.54%. This small deviation is compensated with some advantages of the electronic language such as the short analysis time, the elimination of pretreatment of the samples, the ease of handling of the device and its portability.


In this letter, we consider the implementation problem of distributed graph filters, where each node only has access to the signals of the current and its neighboring nodes. By using Gaussian elimination, we show that as long as the graph is connected, we can implement any graph filter by decomposing the filter into a product of directly implementable filters, filters that only use the signals at the current and neighboring nodes as inputs. We have also included a concrete example as an illustration.


It is frequently asserted that criminal justice reform movements fail because the ideological model underlying the reform ('conscience") is corrupted by the politics and pragmatics in the system ("convenience"). Through a survey of the generalpublic and criminaljusticeparticipants in Illinois which measured the conscience that prevailedin the state during its sentencing reform, this premise is reconsidered. It is suggested that the specifics of the determinate sentencing law implemented in Illinois did not represent a corruption of conscience. Instead, it appears that the law, while shaped by the structure of interests in the state, also largely conformed to existing attitudes regarding criminal sanctioning. It is further argued that the combination of conscience and convenience dictated that neither a conservative nor a liberal model of determinate sentencing would befully instituted. In effect, a piecemeal reform was passed which promised to get tough on crime, but whose unanticipated consequences may prove troubling.


The global trade agreements under the ambit of World Trade Organization(WTO) (hereafter called as WTA), cover goods, services and intellectual property. They spell out the principles of liberalization, and the permitted exceptions. They include individual countries' commitments to lower customs tariffs and other trade barriers, and to open and keep open services markets. They also set procedures for settling disputes. They prescribe special treatment for developing countries. They require governments to make their trade policies transparent by notifying the WTO about laws in force and measures adopted, and through regular reports by the secretariat on countries' trade policies. As fisheries is not having the protection as agriculture under WTO regime, un understanding of WTA is important for fisheries professionals. Though WTA is put in place to ensure free trade among nations, many trade barriers are government-induced restrictions on international trade. The barriers can take many forms, including the following: tariffs, non-tariff barriers to trade import licenses, export licenses, import quotas, subsidies, voluntary export restraints, local content requirements, embargo, currency devaluation. Other trade barriers include differences in culture, customs, traditions, laws, language and currency. Most trade barriers work on the same principle: the imposition of some sort of cost on trade that raises the price of the traded products. If two or more nations repeatedly use trade barriers against each other, then a trade war results. Economists generally agree that trade barriers are detrimental and decrease overall economic efficiency, this can be explained by the theory of comparative advantage. In theory, free trade involves the removal of all such barriers, except perhaps those considered necessary for health or national security. In practice, however, even those countries promoting free trade heavily subsidize certain industries, such as agriculture and steel. Trade barriers are often criticized for the effect they have on the developing world. Because rich-country players call most of the shots and set trade policies, goods such as crops that developing countries are best at producing still face high barriers. Trade barriers such as taxes on food imports or subsidies for farmers in developed economies lead to overproduction and dumping on world markets, thus lowering prices and hurting poor-country farmers. Tariffs also tend to be anti-poor, with low rates for raw commodities and high rates for labour-intensive processed goods. The Commitment to Development Index measures the effect that rich country trade policies actually have on the developing world. Another negative aspect of trade barriers is that it would cause a limited choice of products and would therefore force customers to pay higher prices and accept inferior quality. Trade barriers affecting fisheries and shrimp exports from India are discussed hereunder.


The seasonal distribution of Synanthedon pictipes (Grote & Robinson) was determined for 1965–67 by studying adult emergence from caged, borer-infested peach wood, and by recording the number of males captured in field traps baited with caged virgin females. The pattern of springtime emergence from wood was comparable to the pattern of spring capture of males in the field. However, by the last week in July, 95% of the moths had emerged from the wood, but large numbers of males continued to come to the traps. This late catch, together with evidence that populations in the field peaked in late August or early September, clearly showed that 2 generations of moths emerge annually in southern Indiana. Higher than normal temperatures in the winter and spring accelerated adult eclosion; lower than normal temperatures and precipitation during the spring and early summer months may have lowered the summer populations.


The identification of magnetizing inrush current is always a vital issue in transformer protection. Based on introducing the basic principles of various new techniques,the study of their application in the identification of transformer magnetizing inrush current and its features and unsolved problems are specially analyzed and summarized. The possible tendency of their applica-tions in transformer protection is presented. The project is supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(50277027).


An initial study has been conducted using a commercially available alumina membrane. The study is based on single gas permeation method involving He, O2, CO2 and N2. The effect of trans membrane pressure drop, gas molecular mass, kinectic diameter, permselectivity and permeance were observed and discussed. Helium showed a faster flowrate through the membrane and the order of flow was He>O2>N2>CO2. The experiment was conducted at constant room temperature.


To prevent the adhesion of particles at surfaces by transporting them along the surface, a new type of pneumatically actuated particle transporter is introduced. The biomimetic approach is based on the transportation principle of particles by cilia arrays due to the generation of metachronal waves. Rows of flaps, which mimic the cilia, are asymmetrically positioned on flexible membranes. The membranes are individually deflected by applying a well-defined pressure profile to achieve a metachronal wave. Detailed simulations of the membrane and flap deflections as well as a description of the proof-of-concept by applying metachronal waves to the flap arrays are presented.


With the rapid development of information and economy, libraries around China and in colleges and universities have developed rapidly. In the information society, if university libraries want to remain invincible in the fierce market competition, they must be people-oriented and carry out humanistic management. This article discusses the methods for humanistic management from the management of readers and librarians.


The notion of an organization of expert systems is examined for the case that many expert systems cooperate to solve an ill-structured problem. An organization is considered to be a pair comprising a coordination structure and an organizational structure which are associated with the planning and execution stages, respectively, of the problem-solving process. A case study of three organizations is presented and compared in the context of the distributed blackbox game.<<ETX>>


List of plates. List of maps. List of tables and figures. Preface. Acknowledgements. Introduction 'Hoc est corpus meum': the transfiguration of Europe's mystical body An anatomy of Europe c. 1300 Late medieval and Renaissance: the tyranny of terminology? Part I: Social and Economic Change 1. The demography of disaster 2. Individuals, families and communities 3. Trade, technology and exploration Part II: Political Developments 4. The theory and ideology of government 5. The lineaments and limits of state power 6. Waging war and keeping the peace 7. Latin Christendom and its neighbours Part III: Religion and Devotion 8. The Bride of Christ: the institutional Church 9. Devotion: Catholic beliefs and practices 10. Dissent and difference Part IV: Cultural Change 11. Schools and schooling 12. Intellectual developments: later scholasticism and humanism 13. Language, literacy, and book production 14. Art, architecture and music Conclusion: A New Europe? Transformations and continuities. Europe and the world. Chronology. Genealogies


The present study is conducted to study the level of awareness regarding environment of secondary school students and the impact of multimedia teaching strategies on environmental awareness. The design of the study is experimental in which 47 students of class IX of school in Patiala has been selected by purposive sampling technique. The sample is further divided into two groups: Group A and Group B of 23 and 24 students respectively equating them on the basis of their academic achievements in the previous class. Group A is taught about the environment by the previous method of teaching, i.e., by using the black board and lecture method, whereas Group B is taught with the use of multimedia. One point is to be noted that the subject matter is the same which is taught to both of the group. The subject matter is already designed by the researcher. Whatever is taught to both of the groups, it is taught for one month. After one month, a questionnaire is given to each student and collected from each one. This questionnaire was prepared by the investigator and it was personally collected by the investigator through interview. EAAM (Environment awareness ability measure) test by Dr. Parveen Kumar Jha is used to check the environmental awareness of the students. This test is taken from all the students twice: before and after the treatment, just to find that to what extent Group A and Group B is improved. The ultimate finding of this research is that multimedia teaching strategies have improved the environmental awareness level of the students.


The AICPA Special Committee on Assurance Services was set up in response to a decline in the market vitality of the audit. (See Elliott 1994a and 1994b for background.) Our purpose is to develop ideas and initiate steps to refurbish the profession's product. This mission was conceived in response to the current and emergent audit/assurance environment, the obvious context for considering the vitality of the audit. The current audit is surely very valuable to the capital markets and to our economy, but it is a mature product that has not been growing. Over the last six years real accounting and auditing revenues for the top 60 firms have been flat despite growing GDP.̂ The market seems saturated; there is overcapacity and price competition; and the inherent reliability of accounting data has increased with improvements in business information systems. The audit service is generalized—a one-sizefits-all product—rather than tailored to the individual needs of investors and creditors and other users, yet responding to individual customer needs is one of the great messages of the last decade of economic change. Meanwhile, software that can do audit functions is a long-term threat. Imagine banks purchasing or developing such software and auditing their own debtors, institutional investors auditing investees, or internal auditing bolstered by advanced software that drastically reduces the evidence needed for an audit opinion. A large part of the immediate problem is the limited usefulness of today's financial statements. They don't, for example, reflect information-age assets, such as information, capacity for innovation, and human resources. As a consequence, they have been a declining proportion of the information inputs to investors' decision making. That translates into a declining share of the information marketplace for auditors (and, for that matter, financial accountants). Were financial statements as central to investors' decision making as they were thirty years ago, there would be relatively little concern over the vitality of the audit. However, the Committee was not intended to address improvements in financial reporting. That was the job of the Special Committee on Financial Reporting (the Jenkins Committee), which completed its work last year. Its recommendations have not yet been enacted, but it would nevertheless have been superfluous to appoint an additional committee devoted to refurbishing financial reporting. Our task is to refurbish the profession's "product" in a different sense: to identify new services in the wider area of the assurance function, an area that includes the basic audit, but goes beyond it. This must take place


Extensions of the supersymmetric standard model to SU(2){sub {ital L}}{times}U(1){sub {ital I}3}{ital R}{times}U(1){sub {ital B}{minus}{ital L}} and to SU(2){sub {ital L}}{times}SU(2){sub {ital R}}{times}U(1){sub {ital B}{minus}{ital L}} with Higgs triplets are considered. Calculations of all possible contributions to the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon are made and the resulting constraints on the masses of supersymmetric partners are examined in detail.


The problems concerning the state of the lake Ilmen based on the results of hydroand geochemical analysis of water samples and bottom deposits taken in the period from 2008 to 2012 are investigated.


The invention is arranged in a line for an internal combustion engine integrally cylinder jacket system (9) comprising a web (2, 3, 4) at least two cylinder jacket (5, 6, 7) coupled to each other through this molded by die casting method relates to a cylinder crankcase (1). An object of the present invention is to provide a cylinder crankcase is possible to manufacture a cylinder having a jacket system which can withstand high thermal loads and mechanical loads and inexpensive. In the present invention has a structure in which a side of the cylinder jacket system 9 via the cylinder crankcase (1) surrounded by an outer casing 26 formed by a web (2, 3, 4) for both the inlet and exhaust of the cooling water connected to the openings 31 and 32, each one of the cooling water flow path (14, 15, 16) is formed and the groove 25 for the water jacket via at least one opening 32, the outer casing 26 containing the do.


contraction, and a stable point of view is hard to maintain' (p. 99). As the decade progressed, so the spirit of innovation characteristic of new cinema declined. In some countries—notably Czechoslovakia—the spirit of innovation was brutally suppressed by the Soviet invasion of 1968. By contrast, Nowell-Smith argues that in Britain the new cinema movement had little or no lasting effect: 'It was not really at the forefront of anything' (p. 133). In France and Italy new cinemas did not die, but rather dispersed. Some directors (Godard, for example) produced art-house material outside the world of commercial release, while others (Antonioni) went to Hollywood to work on international co-productions such as Zabriskie Point (1970), which allowed little or no room for experiment. Nonetheless, Nowell-Smith claims that new cinema has left a lasting legacy in the way it communicates a message of modernity as liberation (p. 216). This spirit might no longer exist in contemporary cinema, but filmgoers can still identify with it when they purchase DVDs of Godard, Antonioni, or other new cinema directors. Entertainingly written by a former Head of Publicity at London's British Film Institute, Making Waves offers a lucid introductory survey of a tumultuous period in world film history.


Safinamide is an orally administered α‐aminoamide derivative with both dopaminergic and non‐dopaminergic properties. Nonlinear mixed effects models for population pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacokinetic–pharmacodynamic (PKPD) analyses were developed using records from, respectively, 623 and 668 patients belonging to two Phase 3, randomized, placebo‐controlled, double‐blind efficacy studies. The aim was to estimate safinamide population PK parameters in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) on stable levodopa therapy, and to develop a model of safinamide effect on the PD phase of normal functioning (ON‐time). The final models were internally evaluated using visual predictive checks (VPCs), prediction corrected‐VPC, and nonparametric bootstrap analysis. Safinamide profiles were adequately described by a linear one‐compartmental model with first‐order absorption and elimination. CL/F, Vd/F, and KA (95% confidence interval [CI]) were 4.96 (4.73–5.21) L/h, 166 (158–174) L, and 0.582 (0.335–0.829) h−1, respectively. CL/F and Vd/F increased with body weight, while age, gender, renal function, and exposure to levodopa did not influence safinamide PK. The observed ON‐time values were adequately described by a linear model, with time in the study period as dependent variable, and rate of ON‐time change and baseline plus offset effect as slope and intercept parameters. Safinamide treatment resulted in an increase in ON‐time of 0.73 h (week 4), with further ON‐time increase with the same slope as placebo. The increase was not influenced by age, levodopa, or safinamide exposure. The population models adequately describe the population PK of safinamide and safinamide effect on ON‐time. No dose adjustments in elderly and mild to moderate renally impaired patients are requested.


Statistics, as a compulsory basic course for all majors of Finance and economics in Colleges and universities, enables students to grasp the necessary statistical analysis methods and basic statistical index knowledge, so as to provide in-depth statistical analysis services. Whether it is the macro management of national economy, or the management and investment decisions of micro companies, enterprises and even individuals. Both rely more and more on quantitative analysis and statistical methods. The undergraduate statistics education in China's financial and economic universities should face up to and correctly solve these problems in order to achieve a healthy development across the century. This paper attempts to explore the teaching methods of statistical professional courses in the implementation process under the premise that the teaching training program is advanced, scientific and feasible. With a view to promoting the reform and innovation of the teaching methods of statistical professional courses. While adhering to the characteristics of statistical professionalism, the school should pay attention to the knowledge and ability of students in the school to have a wider applicability after entering the society, and become a multi-functional compound.


Statement of the problem: Geographic tongue is characterized by loss of filliform papillae in an erythematous area with keratotic borders. It vanishes after a while and reappears in another area. It is relatively common and is most seen among females. Considering such problems as pain, burning sensation and sharp pain in tongue, decreasing of taste sensation, cancer phobia and esthetic problems it needs to be treated. Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine the therapeutic effect of zinc sulfate in patients with geographic tongue. Materials and Methods: Randomized-controlled study with two parallel treatment groups was performed to evaluate the efficacy of zinc sulfate in treatment of geographic tongue. After a pilot study, the number of patients was estimated to be 40. Twenty patients were assigned to the experiment group with zinc sulfate therapy and 20 patients were assigned to the control group that took placebo. Patients with symptomatic or asymptomatic geographic tongue were included in this study. Since zinc sulfate has been categorized as group C, pregnant women were excluded from our study. Randomized double blind method of sampling was applied. A questionnaire regarding personal background of patients, along with a complete history of the present geographic tongue was filled for the patients on the day of entering the study and also on the 10 th day after beginning the therapy. Healing was defined as complete resolving of tongue lesions. On the 10 th day, the effect of treatment was assessed by the examiner. The data were analyzed using Chi-square test. Results: In 16 of the 20 patients in the experimental group signs of healing were found as well as 3 of the 20 patients in the control group. The data were analyzed using Chi-square test. Conclusion: The role of zinc in maintaining healthy epithelial tissues, renewing of filliform papillae and the positive effect of zinc sulfate in treatment of geographic tongue were clearly observed.


An inverter is a power electronics circuit that can convert DC power into AC power. Inverters have a wide range of applications, from battery-powered devices to renewable energy systems such as photovoltaics. Typically, inverters rely on switching devices to create an AC signal. In most cases, these switching devices are arranged in the form of an H-bridge, the circuit topology taking its name from the arrangement of the switching devices. Although most inverters rely on utilizing a single H-bridge to achieve either two or three voltage levels, the use of multiple H-bridges increases levels as well as voltage. This proves to be advantageous when trying to reduce total harmonic distortion (THD). A low-cost multilevel (ML) single-phase inverter based on a cascade of H-bridge connections and PWM voltages was developed using an ATMEGA microprocessor. The ML inverter can supply up to 30 W with an RMS output voltage of 120 V, 60 Hz, and a THD less than 30% without a lowpass filter. An 18 V battery per level provided the primary DC voltage. This document presents simulation and experimental results when the ATMEGA-based inverter prototype was tested under various lighting load technologies, including linear loads such as filament and nonlinear loads such as compact fluorescent lighting (CFL) and light-emitting diode (LED).


Sensors are wonderful to get more lively applications. Undoubtedly homogeneous activities with network are erased with heterogeneous sensor network. But the network performance may be slowly degraded at the point of boundary of the network. Sensor Network domain issues are raised from the energy of the battery. In this paper, we are addressing the energy consumption by tackling sensors usage. A node which is not transferring the packet is referred as Void. These voids are expected to be at the boundary of the clusters. Here the mobile node which has more energy is moved near to the boundary void node and replace the Relay void node. In the boundary, a node which is near to the base station is highly responsible and loaded with more tasks. The task is aggregating data from different nodes deployed in the network and transfer the messages to the base station. A node which is not transferring the packets to the base station at boundary can be replaced by other mobile node. The replacement is done using the algorithm Mobile Node Movement to Boundary. The intension for mobile relay scheme is to support a complete transfer of messages and lifetime for sensor networks.


Surface modification by functional groups promotes endothelialization in biohybrid artificial lungs, but whether it affects endothelial cell stability under fluid shear stress, and the release of anti-thrombotic factors, e.g. nitric oxide (NO), is unknown. We aimed to test whether surface-modified silicone tubes containing different functional groups, but similar wettability, improve collagen immobilization, endothelialization, cell stability and cell-mediated NO-release. Peroxide, carboxyl, and amine-groups increased collagen immobilization (41–76%). Only amine-groups increased ultimate tensile strength (2-fold). Peroxide and amine enhanced (1.5–2.5 fold), but carboxyl-groups decreased (2.9-fold) endothelial cell number after 6 d. After collagen immobilization, cell numbers were enhanced by all group-modifications (2.8–3.8 fold). Cells were stable under 1 h-fluid shear stress on amine, but not carboxyl or peroxide-group-modified silicone (>50% cell detachment), while cells were also stable on carboxyl-group-modified silicone with immobilized collagen. NO-release was increased by peroxide and amine (1.1–1.7 fold), but decreased by carboxyl-group-modification (9.8-fold), while it increased by all group-modifications after collagen immobilization (1.8–2.8 fold). Only the amine-group-modification changed silicone stiffness and transparency. In conclusion, silicone-surface modification of blood-contacting parts of artificial lungs with carboxyl and amine, but not peroxide-groups followed by collagen immobilization allows the formation of a stable functional endothelial cell layer. Amine-group-modification seems undesirable since it affected silicone's physical properties.


Objective To select the high efficiency proliferative agents of optimal accumulation of seeding cells for articular cartilage tissue engineering. Methods The proliferative efficiencies of vitamin C (VC) + bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP 2), insulin like growth factor1 (IGF 1) (cultured in 2% serum medium), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and transforming growth factor β 1 (TGF β 1) (cultured in 10% serum medium) on passage monolayer cultured rabbit articular cartilage cells in an appropriate cencentration cultured in vitro were compared by using 3 H TdR incorporation, MTT intaking and types I and Ⅱ collagen mRNA RT PCR. Results The VC+BMP 2, IGF 1, bFGF and TGF β1 at appropriate concentrations could enhance the division and proliferation of passage monolayer cultured articular cartilage cells in the logarithm growth phase. The proliferated cultured cells still kept specific phenotype as normal articular cartilage cells. But the cells treated with IGF 1 at certain concentrations had the tendency to osteoblast like differentiation. Their proliferative efficiencies were VC+BMP 2 bFGF TGF β1IGF 1. Conclusions The VC+BMP 2 and bFGF at appropriate concentrations can significantly enhance the division and proliferation of passage monolayer cultured articular cartilage cells. Among them, the VC+BMP 2 is an economical and high efficiency proliferative agent for articular cartilage tissue engineering.


Tense is marked in Igikuria verb. This research gives a general overview of tense. The Igikuria tense is looked into, which is divided into past and non-past. The past is further divided into immediate, recent and distant past. The non past is divided into the present and the future, and the distant future. The feature checking of the Minimalist Program will be shown to demonstrate how movement checks inflectional features for their correctness against their syntactic position in the constituency of a sentence.


The writer of this article makes a concrete analysis of the three methods he draws from the long-term teaching practice:comparasion, doult and creation. [


Background: Drugs can treat diseases, reduce symptoms, and enhance patients' health and quality of life. However, taking a drug is not always as easy as just swallowing a pill. This is because drugs have some unwanted effects. Adverse Drug Reactions (ADRs) are one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality and contribute to excessive health care costs. Objectives: To assess knowledge, attitude, and practice of health care providers on adverse drug reporting among community pharmacists, Gondar, Ethiopia Methods: Community-based cross-sectional study designs were used from July - August 2021. The sampling method was a survey from community pharmacists. Self-administered questioner was used, and the collected data was entered into Epi-info Version 7.0 and exported to SPSS version 20 software for analysis. Result: The study included 215 community pharmacy professionals to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of adverse drug reaction reporting. From a total of 215 community pharmacy professionals, 34 (15.8%) of the respondents were able to differentiate ADR from side effects and only 56(26%) respondents felt that they are adequately trained in ADR reporting. Out of 215 respondents, 78(36.3%) and 146(67.9%) knew the availability of the national reporting system and ADR reporting form in Ethiopia respectively. The study revealed that 21.4% [95% CI: 18.6-35.9] and 42.3% [95% CI: 38.2-65.9] of community pharmacists have poor knowledge and negative attitude towards ADR reporting respectively. Conclusion: Underreporting of ADR by community pharmacists was identified in this study. Training sessions to clarify the role of various community pharmacists in ADR reporting will hopefully fill the observed gap in knowledge and practices. The community pharmacy should formulate strategies to enhance the detection and reporting of ADRs.


We prove that for any positive integer c and any s > 0 there are representations of c as a sum a+b of two coprime positive integers a, b, such that the respective radicals are all greater than K(s)R(c)^(1-s)c^2. For the reprasentations in question, this is a stronger result than the abc-conjecture, which postulates that these representations are greater than k(s)c^1/(1+s).


Use of fertility drugs does not seem to generally increase uterine cancer risk, however, a Danish study identified small increases in risk from certain fertility drugs used for a longer period.


According to population data, hypertensive disorders in pregnancy affect around 10% of pregnant women. They can be preexisting hypertension in 1%, preeclampsia in around 2% and 6 % pregnancy induced hypertension (hypertension without proteinuria). Preexisting hypertension, defined as a diastolic blood pressure > 90mmHg and/or a systolic > BP of 140mmHg, is associated with increased risk of perinatal and maternal complications. Pregnancies affected with hypertension are associated with an increased risk of unfavorable fetal outcomes such as intrauterine growth restriction, low birth weight, and intrauterine fetal demise (IUFD) [1]. In Qatar, the exact risks to the fetus from chronic hypertension remain to be fully studied. The current study aims to look into the fetal outcomes among hypertensive pregnant women at a tertiary maternity facility in Doha, Qatar.


Dear Editor,We recognize scenarios that involve pediatric unintentional exposures involve many factors, some difficult to measure. These include (but are not limited to) the caregivers and their me...


This survey deals with the update scheduling problem in streaming data warehouse, The proposed multitrack algorithm solves the problem of updating streaming data warehouse by scheduling the jobs where jobs corresponds to updates for tables as well as views. Those jobs load new data into tables, aim is to minimize the data staleness over time. For scaling purpose we use partitioning strategies. The partitioning strategies such as EDF partitioning and some part of proportional partitioning, are combined in multitrack algorithm. We calculate track utilization, if track utilization is higher then updates are done faster in data warehouse. Another paper focuses on the update scheduling problem, when the views are materialized, find the best order to refresh them to maximize the quality of data (QoD) in presence of incessant updates. The group-EDF (gEDF) algorithm is based on dynamic grouping of tasks with deadlines. Deadlines are very close to each other, SJF algorithm is used to schedule task within a group. Hence total execution time is minimized. Using Round Robin each job is assigned a time interval, called its quantum, which is allowed to run. If the job is still running at the end of quantum, the CPU is preempted and given to another job. If the job has blocked or finished before the quantum has elapsed, the CPU switching is done. Of course, round robin is easy to implement.


This study examined relationships between in-school stressor and support events, locus of control distress, and achievement for a sample of 90 eighth-grade students in an inner-city school Events classified as General School Disrupters were rated by students as occurring most frequently, but appraised as least upsetting, whereas assaults and academic troubles were experienced less frequently, but appraised as more upsetting. Frequency of stressor events was correlated with external locus of control self-reported distress, and lower grade point average. Stressor appraisal and locus of control, but not support, mediated the influence of stressor frequency on distress & Girls appraised stressor events as more upsetting than did boys and received higher grades than boys, despite having comparable reading scores and the same locus of control as boys. Further research is recommended particularly to explore gender differences further and to clarify the functions of student appraisal of stressor events in different school environments.


The first #IndieWeb Design Studio of the year, a weekly gathering at @SCSU, kicks off with may new participants. If you are in the #nhv


Our goal was to characterize the response of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) to a novel composite scaffold for bone tissue engineering. The hydroxyapatite–polycaprolactone (HA–PCL) composite scaffolds were prepared by a sol–gel method at room temperature and the scaffold morphology was investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM)/energy‐dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) to validate the synthesis process. The response of two different lines of hMSCs, bone‐marrow‐derived human mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) in terms of cell proliferation and differentiation into the osteoblastic phenotype, was evaluated using Alamar blue assay, SEM, histology and alkaline phosphatase activity. Our results indicate that tissue engineering by means of composite HA–PCL scaffolds may represent a new therapeutic strategy to repair craniofacial bone defects. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Is the current Greek debt crisis just another milestone in the euro's journey towards replacing the US dollar as the reserve currency, or is it the first stage of its ultimate demise?


This paper establishes a causal effect of product market competition on various characteristics of organizational design. Using a unique panel-dataset on firm hierarchies of large U.S. firms (1986-1999) and a quasi-natural experiment (trade liberalization), we find that competition leads firms to flatten their hierarchies: (i) firms reduce the number of positions between the CEO and division managers and (ii) increase the number of positions reporting directly to the CEO. Firms also increase division manager pay and incentives. The results illustrate how firms redesign their organizational structure through a set of complementary choices in response to changes in their environment.


Rationale and Objective:
 We showed recently that increasing kidney tissue epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) by blocking soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) and thereby blocking EETs degradation to inactive dihydroxyeicosatrienoic acids (DHETEs) substantially attenuated the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in Ren-2 transgenic hypertensive rats (TGR) subjected to 5/6 renal mass reduction (5/6 NX). In this study we examined if in this model addition of sEH inhibition to the complex (dual) renin-angiotensin system (RAS) blockade would bring additional renoprotective effects in already established CKD.

 Methods:
 TGR aged 9 weeks underwent 5/6 NX and then were left untreated for 6 weeks to develop CKD. Then dual RAS blockade : ACE inhibition (trandolapril) + angiotensin AT
 1
 receptor blockade (losartan) was instituted, alone or combined with sEH inhibition (c-AUCB, 3 mg/l in drinking water). During the 60 weeks' follow-up period albuminuria and urinary creatinine excretion was repeatedly determined. The following experimental groups were investigated: ; 1) sham-operated TGR; 2) Untreated 5/6 NX TGR; 3) 5/6 NX TGR + RAS blockade ; 4) 5/6 NX TGR + RAS + sEH blockade. Sham-operated transgene-negative normotensive Hannover-Sprague Dawley (HanSD) rats served as basic controls. In separate groups renal glomerular and tubulointerstitial injury was assessed, and effects of two weeks' treatments on systolic blood pressure (SBP, measured by telemetry) and on kidney ANG II, ANG 1-7, EETs and DHETEs levels were determined.

 Results:
 All untreated TGR died by week 14 after 5/6 NX. RAS blockade increased the final survival rate to 23%, normalized SBP (116 ± 3 vs. 198 ± 3 mmHg, p<0.0015), reduced albuminuria (46 ± 5 vs. 102 ± 12 mg/24 h, p<0.001) and intrarenal ANG II (27 ± 8 vs. 189 ± 14 fmol/g p<0.0015) and did not alter kidney EETs/DHETEs ratio. After addition of sEH blockade kidney EETs/DHETEs ratio increased to 2.89 ± 0.42 (p<0.001 vs. 5/6 NX TGR treated with RAS blockade), the final survival rate increased to 42% and indices of renal glomerular and tubulointerstial injury improved.

 Conclusion:
 Addition of sEH blockade to the RAS blockade brings additional renoprotective effects on the CKD progression in 5/6 NX TGR, even when applied in the advanced phase of the disease.


The invention discloses a maximum power point tracing based solar power optimizing device. The solar power optimizing device includes a plurality of solar cell panels which are connected in parallel; each solar cell panel is connected to a DC-DC power optimizer, and an output end of each solar cell panel is connected to an input end of the DC-DC power optimizer, wherein the DC-DC power optimizer can trace the maximum power point of the solar cell panel and adjust the output voltage of the solar cell panel so as to allow the output power of the solar cell panel to be the maximum power point. The invention also provides a maximum power point tracing based solar power optimizing method.


The bolts and nuts are widely used in various fields as important joining elements with long history. However, loosening induced by the vibration and external loads is still a big problem. For example, the loosening sometimes causes very serious accident without notice. This paper deals with a special nut named "Super Lock Nut (SLN)" which can prevent loosening effectively. There is a thin walled tube between the upper and lower threads, which can be deformed along the axial direction so that the phase difference of lower and upper threads is produced and SLN is developed. This phase difference induces the contrary forces on the surfaces of the upper and lower threads, which bring out the anti-loosening performance. In this study, the anti-loosening performance is analyzed and realized with the finite element method. Moreover, the anti-loosening performances under various phase difference of lower and upper threads are compared and finally best dimensions for SLN are examined.


Background, insufficient setting load is a common problem for hydraulic supports in fully mechanized mining face in China, which will reduce the support performance of hydraulic supports and even cause serious accidents. Materials and methods, with the idea of improving safety of coal mining, saving cost and convince, a new kind of automatic pressure increasing device should be designed to increase the setting load to improve the support performance. First, based on the work requirements and characteristics, the control loop which could automatically increase the pressure of prop system was designed by means of functional combination. Secondly, the principle structure of pressure increasing mechanical device which was divided into pressure increasing structure and auxiliary structure was designed with the method of reserving liquid mouth and unit design.Then, some structural details were perfected to allow the units to reasonably contact with each other and constitu te a complete mechanical device.Finally,the application test of the automatic pressure increasing mechanical device was completed in ZY8800/22/45 hydraulic supports by supplying liquid, initially supporting and monitoring dates. Results, the results show that, after the application of the device, the setting load of ZY8800/22/45 hydraulic support is more than 30MPa and the resistance time is two seconds or less. Conclusion, through comparison and analysis of the test results, the pressure increasing mechanical device can increase the setting load and reduce the resistance time remarkably. Main conclusions, the device combines mechanics with hydraulics, gets rid of the restriction of the pump station, completes the work process without manual operation and can be widely used in various types of hydraulic supports and working face since it is designed based on general principle and convent to transport and install.


Abstract : In conjunction with the commercially contracted development of the airborne four-frequency radar system to be used in the Laboratory's wave propagation studies, the master console design was assumed by NRL. Four displays were incorporated into a single console, along with transmitter, receiver, and antenna drive control functions. Two cathode-ray tubes present the PPI and B scans, while a third presents dual traces rep resenting linear A sweeps. The system-control panel-assembly portion of the master console was completed on schedule to assist the con tractor in the radar development. The rest of the console was designed and completed so as to meet the contractor's schedule for system tests. Video circuit bandwidth requirements of 10 Mc and sweep ranges from 1/4 mile up to 200 miles were met in the critical A-scope circuitry.


We derive a simple analytical expression for the α-parameter, based on the action of supernova and superbubble explosions on the mean Galactic magnetic field. We find that superbubbles are about 7 times more efficient than isolated supernovae at generating radial field from azimuthal field (alpha-effect). The resulting α-parameter increases linearly with Galactic height up to ∼100 pc (where it reaches a value of order 0.13 km s −1 ), then flattens out and turns over at ∼250 pc


Soil water content of four treatments in a long-term experiment including no fertilizer,medium fertilizer,high fertilizer,and high fertilizer plus organic amendments were measured using neutron water measuring instrument for three years.In addition to field experiment,a lab experiment also was conducted using top soil collected from corresponding plot of four different treatments in the field to determine soil evaporation.The results showed that:Fertilization treatments make a difference on the movement of soil water in the range mainly from 10 cm to 90 cm.A higher level fertilization have a higher water retention,while organic amendments can make soil more mellow and had a high air-permeability,consequently a high evaporation.Two high-level fertilized treatments have wide range vertical changes in water content than lower fertilized treatments or no fertilized treatment.High level chemical fertilizer treatment changed vertically the most.Moreover this treatment saved the water below 70 cm when harvest the highest yield,high chemical fertilizer plus organic amendments treatment did not saved water.Applying of chemical fertilizer decreased soil water evaporation,consequently increased soil water retention,while applying chemical fertilizer plus organic amendments improved soil air-permeability.Applying organic amendments have drainage effects to some extent when soil had higher level water content,have lower evaporation and water retention effect when soil had moderate or high water content.


A 3-channel nuclear signal measurement and analysis system of 252Cf spontaneous fission neutron source which is based on the embedded FPGA is constructed. All the signals from 3 channels are captured synchronously and we obtained all the time- and frequency-dependant signatures, such as the temporal autocorrelations of each channel, cross-correlation between two different channels, auto power spectrum of each channel, cross power spectrum between two different channels. The experimental results show that the FPGA-based processing speed is 7 times faster than PC-based and the error between two different schemes is almost negligible which means that embedded frequency spectrum analysis method is effective.


We obtain the solution corresponding to a static and spherically symmetric black hole with a cloud of strings (Letelier spacetime) immersed in a quintessential fluid. We discuss some aspects of its thermodynamics and complete proceeding studies in the spacetime of Schwarzschild with quintessence and a solid deficit angle, which is mathematically analogous to the solution we obtained. We also present a discussion about Hawking radiation of particles, in the background under consideration and compare with related studies in the literature.


The diffusive mass transfer of species during crystal growth in vertical ampoules is significantly affected by fluid flow in the liquid mother phase (melt). For electrically conductive melts, an elegant way of remotely inducing and controlling this flow is by utilizing a uniform rotational magnetic field (RMF) in the transverse direction. It induces an azimuthal flow which tends to homogenize the thermal and solutal fields. The rotating field also reduces the diffusion boundary layer, stabilizes temperature fluctuations, and promotes better overall crystal growth. For moderate strengths of the applied magnetic field (2-20 m Tesla) with frequencies of up to 400 Hz, the induced secondary meridional flow becomes significant. It typically consists of one roll at the bottom of the liquid column and a second roll (vortex) at the top. The flow along the centerline (ampoule axis) is directed from the growing solid (interface) towards the liquid (melt). In case of convex interfaces (e.g. in floating zone crystal growth) such flow behavior is beneficial since it suppresses diffusion at the center. However, for concave interfaces (e.g. vertical Bridgman crystal growth) such a flow tends to exacerbate the situation in making the interface shape more concave. It would be beneficial to have some control of this meridional flow- for example, a single recirculating cell with controllable direction and flow magnitude will make this technique even more attractive for crystal growth. Such flow control is a possibility if a non-uniform PNE field is utilized for this purpose. Although this idea has been proposed earlier, it has not been conclusively demonstrated so far. In this work, we derive the governing equations for the fluid dynamics for such a system and obtain solutions for a few important cases. Results from parallel experimental measurements of fluid flow in a mercury column subjected to non-uniform RMF will also be presented.


The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of consumer-based brand equity dimensions on Pakistani mobile branded market. To do this, data were collected through convenient sampling from 250 consumers of mobile users from Universities and shopping malls. Islamabad and Rawalpindi were selected for data collection. Through self-administered questionnaire based surveys in order to investigate the mobile's brand as product. The analysis involved Regression and Mean values that, all alternative hypotheses have been accepted. The regression analysis results show all dimensions positively and significantly, influences brand equity. This research study is important in identifying the sources of brand equity in Pakistan's mobile industry. This is the first study investigating the perceptual and behavioral dimension of consumer-based brand equity of mobile brand in Pakistan. Hence, it makes a contribution for both marketer and practitioners for devising strategies.


Most of the studies of acoustic spectrum generated by the presence and collapse of bubbles are based on the steady state nucleation theory combined with the theory of the growth and collapse of a single bubble. Possible application of techniques based on the acoustic spectrum of collapsing bubbles are in the field of determining the temperature inside a nuclear reactor, the maneuvers and changes of speed of submerged bodies, etc. A method will be presented of extending the acoustical spectral analysis to the transient phenomena by considering the time dependent nucleation theory. It will be shown how this technique yields results which enable the detection of various parameters of the cavitating or nucleate boiling system which are not accessible by the present method, based on steady state nucleation processes.


Venous Thoracic Outlet Syndrome (vTOS) consists of upper extremities oedema, sometimes with varicose dilation of the superficial veins of the arm in consequence of compression and/or thrombosis of the subclavian vein. More specific factors, such as muscle hypertrophy, have additionally been registered in athletes. The case focuses on a 20-year-old male student in medicine, with an intense training activity in body building. The subject has presented symptoms of upper limbs oedema he has also reported heaviness and paresthesia in the left arm and hand. Varicose dilation of a superficial vein close to the axillary fossa was visible at naked eye. Both Doppler ultrasound evaluation and Angio TC were negative for venous thrombosis and/or complete obstruction from external compression. These reports depict an uncommon clinical scenario, which correlate an intense upper body training activity with the presence of a second valve distally of the first valve into the subclavian vein.


TheVirtualBrain, an open-source platform for large-scale network modelling, can be personalized to an individual using a wide range of neuroimaging modalities. With the growing number and scale of neuroimaging data sharing initiatives of both healthy and clinical populations comes an opportunity to create large and heterogeneous sets of dynamic network models to better understand individual differences in network dynamics and their impact on brain health. Here we present TheVirtualBrain-UK Biobank pipeline, a robust, automated and open-source brain image processing solution to address the expanding scope of TheVirtualBrain project. Our pipeline generates connectome-based modelling inputs compatible for use with TheVirtualBrain. We leverage the existing multimodal MRI processing pipeline from the UK Biobank made for use with a variety of brain imaging modalities. We add various features and changes to the original UK Biobank implementation specifically for informing large-scale network models, including user-defined parcellations for the construction of matching whole-brain functional and structural connectomes. Changes also include detailed reports for quality control of all modalities, a streamlined installation process, modular software packaging, updated software versions, and support for various publicly available datasets. The pipeline has been tested on both healthy and clinical populations and is robust to the morphological changes observed in aging and dementia. In this paper, we describe these and other pipeline additions and modifications in detail, as well as how this pipeline fits into the TheVirtualBrain ecosystem.


Cyanobacteria, isolated from the Krisuvik hot spring, Iceland, were mineralized in an iron-silica solution and irradiated with high levels of ultraviolet light. Analysis of the rates of photosynthesis, chlorophyll-a content, and phycocyanin autofluorescence revealed that these mineralized bacteria have a marked resistance to UV compared to nonmineralized bacteria. Naturally occurring sinters composed of iron-silica biominerals collected from


. We review the problem of determining the ground states of 2D Ising models with nearest neighbor ferromagnetic and dipolar interactions, and prove a new result supporting the conjecture that, if the nearest neighbor coupling 𝐽 is sufficiently large, the ground states are periodic and 'striped'. More precisely, we prove a restricted version of the conjecture, by con-structing the minimizers within the variational class of states whose domain walls are arbitrary collections of horizontal and/or vertical straight lines. of magnetization orthogonal to the sample; the


Frequency is an important parameter in power system monitoring, control, and protection. This paper presents fast and efficient methods to estimate the frequency of power system signal using spectral peak location algorithm under noisy condition and in the presence of harmonics as well. These techniques are based on computing discrete Fourier transform of the power line signal and fractional correction factor, which are used to exactly locate the spectral peak. The simulation results prove the efficiency of these techniques in estimating the fundamental and harmonics of the power line frequency with high accuracy. These methods are fast, accurate and could be easily implemented.


A new, highly efficient and power scalable pump scheme for 3 μm class fiber lasers is presented. Using the free-running 2.8 μm emission from an Er3+-doped fluoride fiber laser to directly excite the upper laser level of the H13/26→H15/26 transition of the Dy3+ ion, output at 3.04 μm was produced with a record slope efficiency of 51%. Using comparatively long lengths of Dy3+-doped fluoride fiber, a maximum emission wavelength of 3.26 μm was measured.


We quantitatively study the electric field distributions in Hg0.56Cd0.44Te avalanche photodiodes recently reported for use in the 1.6–2.5 μm wavelength region using a two‐dimensional solution of Poisson's equation. It is found that, contrary to previous reports, there is no evidence for large uniform avalanche gain in these diodes. Furthermore, to first order, it is shown that the ionization rate ratio of electrons to holes in the diodes demonstrated to date is on the order of unity. Hence, it is not expected that the present diodes will lead to low noise operation superior to Ge or In0.53Ga0.47As/InP avalanche photodetectors.


Abstract Measurements of speeds of sounduhave been made in binary mixtures of 1,1,2,2-tetrachlorethane (CHCl2CHCl2) with anisole (C6H5OCH3), 1,4-dioxane (C4H8O2), methylethylketone (CH3COC2H5), and pyridine (C5H5N) atT=303.15 K. Values ofuhave been used to calculate the apparent excess speeds of sound Δuand the isentropic compressibilities κSfor these mixtures. The excess isentropic compressibilities, κSEhave also been calculated from the values of κS. The κSEhave been found to be highly negative for {xCHCl2CHCl2+ (1 −x)CH3COC3H5}, and very slightly negative for {xCHCl2CHCl2+ (1 −x)C4H8O2}. The κSEis very slightly negative at lowx, and very slightly positive at higherxfor {xCHCl2CHCl2+ (1 −x)C6H5OCH3}. The κSEis also very slightly negative for {xCHCl2CHCl2+ (1 −x)C5H5N} at lowxand, compared with {xCHCl2CHCl2+ (1 −x)C6H5OCH3}, the κSEis more positive for {xCHCl2CHCl2+ (1 −x)C5H5N} at higherx. Values of κSEfor the various systems have been discussed in the light of interactions between the components.


(51) Int. Cl. C08G 77/38 (2006.01) (52) U.S. Cl. ......................................... 525/478: 525/477 (57) ABSTRACT A polyorganosiloxane composition, an encapsulation mate rial, and an electronic device, the polyorganosiloxane com position including a linear first polyorganosiloxane resin including a moiety represented by the following Chemical Formula 1 and a moiety represented by the following Chemi cal Formula 2, the first polyorganosiloxane resin including double bonds at both terminal ends thereof, and a second polyorganosiloxane resin having a three dimensional net work structure,


The aim of this experiment was to learn which learning model, feature selection technique, ordering process, and distance criteria provided the best classification accuracy in predicting the outcome of any NCAA Men's Basketball Tournament match. Ninety-four features were selected from ESPN.com for each team accepted into the tournament for the last four years. Ordering processes were tested against the baseline and the random ordering increased classification accuracy from 0.61 to 0.63. Random ordering was used to test a variety of feature reduction techniques. Random forest feature reduction performed best and increased accuracy from 0.63 to 0.7322 when used in conjunction with kNN and limiting the number of features to five. Using Manahattan distances as opposed to Euclidean distance further increased accuracy from 0.7322 to 0.7362.


One essential role of the renal system is the maintenance of physiologic acid-base balance. An important parameter in this control is the proton permeability of the brush border membranes on the lumenal side of the renal proximal tubule [1]. This report examines the relative permeability of renal membranes to ions and protons. The influence of amphotericin B on these observations was examined due to its strong effects on renal membrane function. Renal brush border membrane vesicles were prepared from rabbit kidney cortex using a method of homogenation, differential centrifugation and Ca2+ precipitation [2, 3]. The potential sensitive dye, 3,3-dipropyl-thiodicarbocyanine iodide [diS-C3-(5)] was used to measure the membrane potential. The relative ion permeabilities were derived from the observed membrane potential and the ionic concentrations in the buffer solutions using the constant field equation [2]. Vesicles were equilibrated in solutions of choline and gluconate salts buffered to pHs of 5.5-8.5. Diffusion potentials were measured with extravesicular solutions with varying pHs. These proton-driven membrane voltages were calibrated using known Na+-ETH 1097 and K+-valinomycin diffusion potentials. In the absence of permeable ions, the proton diffusion potentials were nernstian as one would expect when a single species contributes to the membrane voltage. In the presence of permeable cations such as Na+ and K+, the proton-induced potentials were less than nernstian. In the absence of amphotericin B the permeability ratios of ions relative to Cl·- (P χ /Pcr) were Cho+ (0.08


Formalin is a dangerous organic chemical substance in today's life. It is the solution of two substances; Formaldehyde and Water. Formalin is used forlong time preservation for various types of foods and other things from rotting. It affects human life to environmental ecology. Formalin detection is a challenging task. Without chemical experts, it is hard to detect and it is also a time consuming task. In this regard, a smart, reliable but simple detection technique is on demand. To detect it efficiently, the optical characteristic of Formalin such as refractive index is chosen for analysing. This paper presents a Photonic Crystal Fiber (PCF) based Formalin sensing technique. A simple PCF structure has been proposed to sense Formalin. The structure follows all the optical properties for the propagation of light energy. An intensive simulation has been done. The simulation results show that the proposed simple PCF structure is handy to detect Formalin with a remarkable sensitivity.


The paper extracts arithmetic solution of electric potential in grounding rectangular conductor slot by finite difference calculus , and figures out the result of arithmetic solution of electric potential for some places compiling computer program of MATLAB language.


One of the main problems which arises in density profile measurements by reflectometry is the need for continuous tracking of the phase delay; fast density fluctuations and strong modulation on the amplitude of the reflected signal can cause ''fringe jumps'' in the phase signal. Amplitude modulation reflectometry performs a time delay measurement by the determination of the phase delay of the modulating envelope of a millimeter wave reflected by the plasma. The phase delays involved are small, the measurement is not affected by the fluctuations and can be directly performed without complicated fringe counters; the method provides a promising possibility for real time determination of the plasma position and density profile. In the present paper the principles of the method are presented as well as the analysis on the effects of phase and amplitude fluctuations, dispersive effects, and accuracy requirements.


In Swedish legal literature it has been mentioned that shortages in the defendant's or the plaintiff's use of the spoken language before the court, risk having a negative impact on the subsequent evaluation of evidence. However, this risk has not been subject to any thorough examination. With that in mind, the purpose of this thesis is to examine if and how shortages in spoken language of a person presenting an oral testimony can impact on the evaluation of the oral testimony. Both the contents and the way in which an oral testimony is presented can be subject to evaluation.

In accordance with the purpose, the following question formulation has arisen: What is the relation between established law and the evaluation of evidence regarding oral testimonies? What impact can a person's use of language before the court have on the evaluation of his oral testimony? What significance do shortages of language and subsequently the manners in which an oral testimony is given have in the courts?

The principle of free evaluation of evidence, which is established law in Sweden, provides that no formal rules can be imposed on the courts' in matters of evaluation of evidence. This means that neither rules determining the value of certain evidence nor methods on how the evaluation process should be carried out exist. As a consequence of the principle, the courts can evaluate different factors when evaluating oral testimonies. In practice, both the contents of a testimony, and the manners of how it is presented are subject to evaluation. Although the principle provides absence from formal rules determining how the evaluation should proceed, the legislator intended, according to the principle's legislative history, for the evaluation to be carried out objectively, free from arbitrariness and that the evaluations were to be based on common general knowledge.

With the introduction of the applicable standard of evidence, that a defendant's guilt has to be proven beyond reasonable doubt, it has been argued that a method for the evaluation of evidence has been discerned on the case law from the Supreme Court of Sweden. According to this alleged method, evidence is to be evaluated by questioning the connection between a specific evidence and the circumstance which the prosecutor wants to proof through the use of alternative explanations. If the court does not find the connection that the prosecutor deems existing, the prosecutor has not removed the reasonable doubt thus the prosecution should be dismissed. To constitute reasonable doubt in situations where all relevant evidence comprises of oral testimonies, the oral testimony itself must be evaluated. The evaluation of that such evidence is carried out with the use of common general knowledge that either suggests that the testimony is true or false. The result of this evaluation is presented in terms of credibility and reliability. According to the case NJA 2009 s. 447, I and II, a plaintiff's testimony that is throughout credible and reliable, together with other facts put forward in the case as e.g. the plaintiff's behavior before and after the alleged crime, can be sufficient for a conviction. The common general knowledge used in terms of evidence evaluation of oral testimonies are either attributable to the contents of the testimony or on the manner it is presented. The relation between the manner of how a testimony is presented and the eventual accuracy of a testimony is however not undisputed.

Psychological experiments done regarding the common general knowledge used by the courts shows that they practically lack scientific support. The fact that a testimony is presented in a particular way does not necessarily mean that the reason for it being presented that way was because of its falsity. Instead a number of factors can affect the way that a testimony is presented in. In this thesis, psychological research is presented showing that factors deriving from linguistic abilities can affect the way in which a person gives an oral testimony. Research has shown that the use of body language can differ depending on a person's linguistic abilities. It has also been shown that persons with another mother tongue than the language in which they are presenting a testimony, in greater extent communicate with signs that signal uncertainty in their memory. In terms of the evaluation per se, research has shown that linguistic abilities can have an impact on the evaluation that the court carries out regarding the testimony. Here it has been said that persons that use the spoken word well can gain an advantage in credibility in relation to persons that do not speak the language as well, e.g. persons with a foreign accent. It has also been shown that the mere fact that an oral testimony given by someone having a foreign accent is more difficult to understand, leads to a greater risk for the person to be evaluated as less credible. Because of these studies, psychological scientists have concluded that it is more effective to evaluate an oral testimony only by the content of the testimony and not by the manner of which it has been presented.

Practicing legal professionals in criminal cases have regarded the language as being a very important factor of discrimination in criminal procedure. The way in which a person behaves, together with the person's usage of language have been mentioned as two significant factors which can lead to the person being perceived as less credible. In the case study carried out in this thesis the spoken language has not at all been directly subject for evaluation. Indirectly however a couple of factors, which according to the psychological studies presented can depend on e.g. language disabilities, have been used by the courts to evaluate the oral testimonies. Among these factors are vaguely formulated criterions such as that a testimony has mediated an impression of self-experience, that the person's body language has been on a specific way and that the testimony has been given spontaneously.


Xin Qiji, a patriotic poet of song dynasty, wrote poem, Ci and essays among which his ci became his masterpiece. There have been publications of his works ever since he finished writing. The present article studies and introduces the different formats of Jia Xuan Ci and Jia Xuan Long and Short Ju. It also studies his other works.


of the greening maize leaf.—J. exp. Bot. 39: 1109-1119. The compartmentation of the isoforms of NADP-dependent malic enzyme (E.C. 18.104.22.168) has been studied in cell-free extracts and in enzymatically-isolated protoplasts of mesophyll tissue (MT) and bundle sheath (BS) strands of greening maize leaves. The etiolated leaf of 10-d-old seedlings contains a cytosolic isozyme with a pi of 5-4 ± 01 at low specific activity (s.a. 45 + 3 nmol min 1 mg 1 protein), found both in MT and BS. The green leaf on the other hand contains the dominant BS chloroplast isozyme with pi 4-6 + 0-2 at a s.a. of 370 + 40 nmol min"1 mg-1 protein (3-2 + 0-5 /<mol min"1 mg"1 chl) and a minor, previously undescribed isoform with pi 6-5 + 0-1 also localized in the BS at a s.a. of 38 + 6 nmol min"1 mg"1 protein. Green MT protoplasts have only traces of pi 4-6 isozyme. After illumination of dark-grown seedlings, the total leaf activity shows a rapid increase (1-5-fold within 2 h), attributed mainly to the pi 5-4 isozyme of MT protoplasts and BS strands. This is followed by a large increase of enzyme activity due to the continued rise of pi 5-4 isozyme for about 24 h and, after an initial lag of a few hours, to the accumulation of pi 4-6 isozyme. After 18 h illumination, pi 4-6 and 5-4 isozyme activities tend to decline in the MT whereas they are still increasing in the BS, particularly the former. This pi 4-6 species has become the major one by 48 h illumination. The final pattern of green leaves is established around 96 h light, when the chloroplast isozyme has attained its maximum level, the pi 5-4 isozyme of BS strands has been superceded by the pi 6-5 species (also supposed to be cytosolic) and MT protoplasts retain little residual activity. Some metabolic implications of the changing pattern of NADP-dependent malic isozymes during maize leaf greening are discussed.


Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disease that has increased significantly in recent decades. DM and its complications are powerful risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. Diabetic heart damage is closely related to mitochondrial dysfunction and an increase in the generation of reactive oxygen species. The external supply of antioxidants can counteract the effect of such species on the body, and prevent the onset of many underlying diseases.


We construct a new basis for the exceptional simple Lie algebra L of type E8 and describe the multiplication rule in this basis. It allows to find the action of generators of automorphism group of the multiplicative Cartan decomposition of L on this basis.


The authors have used molecular dynamics simulation techniques to study the properties of the amorphous phase of silicon. Several amorphous silicon samples have been prepared at different temperatures. The changes in the density, internal energy, structure, diffusion coefficients and recrystallization behavior of the amorphous phase have been extracted from the simulations as a function of temperature. The analysis of the results showed that, for temperatures between the amorphous and crystal melting points, there exists an intermediate phase which shares some of the properties of the amorphous and liquid silicon.


A circulating fluidized bed (CFB) biomass gasification & power generation system for rice husk was designed to provide power for a rice mill with a capacity of 150 t d−1. The system consists of a CFB gasifier, a gas cleaner, and power generation subsystem (containing five parallel gas engines rated 200 kW each), in addition to a wastewater treatment system. It is found that the system can be operated stably within the temperature from 7000C to 8500C, and its optimal condition was reached when the workload is increased above 750 kW. The main performance indices are: capacity: 1500 kg h−1, gasification efficiency: 70%, rice husk consumption: 1.75–1.95 kg kW h−1, total efficiency: about 19%.


Time-to-digital converters (TDCs) are commonly used for on-chip instrumentation. This article proposes a low-cost Cyclic-TDC with several distinct features. It can adapt to the process variation to maintain a fine resolution across all process corners. This is made possible by a so-called one-way varactor cell (OWVC) and an autonomous calibration process. In addition, it supports easy process migration. Last but not least, we show how it can be used for clock jitter measurement with reduced output uncertainty. Simulation results using a 90-nm CMOS process and a 40-nm CMOS process are used to demonstrate their advantages.


Objective To investigate the association of gene mutation of C-2549A,G19A in the 5′ non-coding regions of leptin(LEP) with type 2 diabetes.Methods Blood specimens were collected from 25 patients with type 2 diabetes,14 patients with type 1 diabetes,and 20 normal volunteers.Genomic DNA was extracted.The primers and probes for genotyping the gene mutation were optimized and an oligonucleotide microarray was prepared.The mutations of the leptin gene in DNA specimens of the above 3 groups were genotyped and statistically analyzed.Results The wild type,heterozygous and homozygous mutants of C-2549A and G19A of leptin were detected in the subjects.The incidences of mutant base of C-2549A were of no significant differences among patients with type 2 diabetes(8.0%),patients with type 1 diabetes(7.1%) and normal volunteers(10.0%),whereas the incidence of mutant base of G19A was significantly higher(P0.05)in patients with type 2 diabetes(52.0%) than in patients with type 1 diabetes(21.5%) and normal volunteers(20.0%).Conclusion It is indicated that the mutant base of G19A in LEP associates with type 2 diabetes.


ABSTRACT Volunteer motivations and the psychological contract are outlined, demonstrating a reciprocal relationship needing more complex marketing approaches. Limitations of relationship marketing resulting from short project times are identified. Maguire's three-tier model is used to develop a theoretical model of the Research Volunteer psychological contract. Qualitative case data is used to illustrate transactional, career, and relational relationships. The article maps relationship marketing and the psychological contract model together, arguing that using both constructs enables more effective management of such a tourism niche.


This study was undertaken to investigate the effect of thixotropy on physical suspension stability. Two thixotropic suspending agents, bentonite and attapulgite, were evaluated in systems of varying concentrations for thixotropy, plastic viscosity, and yield value by employing a modified Stormer viscometer. A technique involving centrifugation was developed for the evaluation of stability. In the case of both suspending agents employed, the correlation of physical suspension stability and the degree of thixotropy of the suspending agent indicated that sedimentation velocity was directly proportional to the reciprocal of thixotropic area.


January 2021, Vol. 11, No. 1 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License (http://creativecommons.org/ licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. For commercial re-use, please contact email@example.com. © D'Souza, Dunshea Feature Article Impact of COVID-19 on the Australian pork industry


In order to reduce the vibration of aero-engine passing the critical speed, the vibration of aero-engine passing the critical speed is optimized through in-depth analysis of the supporting damping and dynamic characteristics of aero-engine high pressure rotor system. Firstly, the high pressure rotor of an aero-engine is modeled by SolidWorks 3D software. Then the dynamic characteristics of the high pressure rotor model were analyzed by using ANSYS finite element analysis software. Finally, the parametric design module of ANSYS is used to optimize the supporting damping of the model. The simulation results show that the parametric design of the supporting damping of the high pressure rotor can effectively reduce the vibration of the high pressure rotor passing the critical speed.


In January in the year 2000, sudden deaths of an estimated 7,000 heads of livestock occurred following drinking of water from a Government managed borehole in Kargi settlement, Marsabit District. The incidence was investigated by, amongst others, a veterinary toxicologist. Informal interviews from a cross-section of community leaders and affected pastoralists were conducted, samples of water from the borehole was collected for toxicological analyses, clinical examinations of surviving animals and autopsies of dead ones were carried out. Key clinical observations included acute muscular weakness, ataxia, brown mucous membranes and abortions. Major autopsy observations were methamoglobinaemia, gastrointestinal corrosion, cooked appearance of internal organ, swelling, and rapid decomposition of carcasses. Chemical analyses showed that both nitrates were five to ten times higher than WHO recommended levels in drinking water, while the levels of other normally toxic chemicals like arsenic, selenium, lead and fluoride were within acceptable ranges. The clinical picture, autopsy and chemical analyses led to a high probability of nitrate poisoning. Keywords: Borehole, water poisoning, livestock, Kargi, Marsabit, Nitrite, Nitrate.


Product for salty foods and device for dispensing. The product (1) liquid comprises a solution of salt in water at a concentration below the saturation of the solution and at least one additive for food use of the following groups salt: flavors, aromatics, vitamins or minerals. The device (2) for dispensing the product (1) liquid comprising: a container (21) provided with a container interior cavity of the product (1) liquid to be dispensed and a mouth (22) filling, a dispensing valve (23 ) manually operable coupled to the mouth (22) of the container (21) for dispensing the product (1) atomized liquid in form of droplets, and a security seal (25), disposable, covering the dispensing valve (2. 3).


Objective To construct the recombinant adenovirus of human endostatin(ES)gene and evaluate the inhibitive effects of Ad-ES on human umbilical vein endothelial cells ECV-304 in vitro.Methods Amplified endostatin sequence from Pshuttle-ES plasimid with PCR.The recombinant adenovirus was constructed with AdEasy-1 system and AAV 293 cells.Protien was detected by Western-blot,the apoptosis was detected by flow cytometer and DNA ladder.Results The ES protein was detected at 48h after infection.Apoptosis of ECV-304 cells induced by Ad-ES and growth inhibition was observed.Conclusion Apoptosis of ECV-304 cells can induced by Ad-ES.