The effects of supranormal temperature on the activity of poly(ADPribose) glycohydrolase were studied by assaying the enzyme in cell extracts derived from cells subjected to hyperthermia and comparing with extracts that were heated in vitro. The enzyme activity was reduced by both hyperthermic treatment of cells and by heating of cell extracts; however greater reductions were observed when intact cells were sub jected to hyperthermia. The additional reduction observed when intact cells were heated was reversed when cells were allowed to recover at 37°C following hyperthermia. We postulate that hyperthermia alters poly(ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase activity by two mechanisms, an irre versible thermal denaturation of the enzyme and a reversible metabolic alteration. Changes in poly(ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase activity can ac count in full for the observed alterations of poly(ADP-ribose) metabolism that occur following hyperthermia. INTRODUCTION Poly(ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase is a nuclear enzyme which catalyses the degradation of poly(ADP-ribose) by splitting the ribose-ribose bonds, liberating ADP-ribose residues (1). Follow ing DNA damage, there is a rapid synthesis and turnover of poly(ADP-ribose) in intact cells that is required for processes in the cell nucleus necessary for cellular recovery from DNA damage (2, 3). We have shown previously in C3H10T1/2 and SVT2 cells that poly(ADP-ribose) metabolism is altered by hyperthermia (4-6). Following hyperthermic treatment, we ob served a large increase in the accumulation of poly(ADP-ribose) yet the NAD pool, the substrate for poly(ADP-ribose) synthesis, was unaffected (6). Hyperthermia also increased the half-life of poly(ADP-ribose) following DNA damage, which suggested an effect of hyperthermia on poly(ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase ac tivity. Furthermore, a recovery period at 37°Cfollowing the hyperthermic treatment resulted in the restoration of near normal polymer turnover rates demonstrating the potential for cellular recovery (6). Here we report direct measurements of poly(ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase activity in C3H10T1/2 cells following heat shock which show that the glycohydrolase is inactivated by hyperthermia and recovers partially during a 24-h period. The decrease and recovery of glycohydrolase activity accounts for the changes observed in poly(ADP-ribose) metabolism follow ing heat shock. MATERIALS AND METHODS Cell Cultures and Experiments with Intact Cells. These experiments were conducted with confluent cultures of C3H10T1/2 cells (clone 8). Received 11/9/87; revised 2/22/88; accepted 4/27/88. The costs of publication of this articlewere defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. This article must therefore be hereby marked advertisement in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section 1734 solely to indicate this fact. 1This work was supported in part by grants from the NIH (CA43894); The Medical Research Council, Stockholm, Sweden; The Medical Faculty, University of Lund, Lund, Sweden; The Anna Cederbergs Foundation for Medical Research, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden; The John and Augusta Persson's Foundation for Medical Research, Lund, Sweden; and The Medical Research Council of Canada and National Research Council of Canada. 2Permanent address: Department of Molecular Ecogenetics, The Wallenberg Laboratory, University of Lund, P. O. Box 7031, 220 07 Lund, Sweden. 5To whom requests for reprints should be addressed, at Department of Biochemistry, Texas College of OstéopathieMedicine, Fort Worth, TX 76107. For studies of poly(ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase activity, cells were grown in 25-cnr tissue culture flasks. Each flask contained about 1.5 x 10' cells. For measurement of poly(ADP-ribose) and nucleotide pools, cells were grown in 5.5-cm2 Nunclon tubes (Nunc/Intermed, Denmark) containing approximately 300,000 cells. The cells were maintained as described previously (6). Hyperthermic treatment at various temperatures was performed by adding preheated medium to the cultures and immediately immersing them in a circulating water bath at the appropriate temperature. The precision of temperature control was ±0.1°C. In some experiments the hyperthermic treatment medium was removed and replaced with medium at 37°( ' and the cells were incubated at 37'C for various recovery periods. At the end of the incubation period the culture medium was removed and the cells were rinsed twice with ice-cold phosphate-buffered saline (0.01 M sodium phosphate buffer, pH 7.2, 0.15 M NaCl). Permeabilization and Homogenization. After rinsing the flasks with phosphate-buffered saline, 2 ml ice-cold permeabilization buffer (10 mM Tris-HCl, pH 7.5, 1 mM EDTA, 10 mM NaF, 300 HIMsucrose, 1 HIM2-mercaptoethanol, and 0.1% NT 40) was added and the cells were left on ice for 10 min. The cells were scraped from the flasks and the flasks were rinsed with 0.5 ml permeabilization buffer. The cells were homogenized with 10 strokes (tight piston) in a Dounce homogenizer and the homogenizer was washed with 0.5 ml permeabilization buffer. The cell extract was then stored at -70*C. Heating of Cell Extracts. The effect of temperature on the stability of poly(ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase in cell extracts was studied. One hundred n\ aliquots of cell extract in Eppendorf tubes were heated at various temperatures for different time periods. After 10 min of equil ibration at 37°Cthe extract was tested for enzyme activity as described below. Measurement of Poly(ADP-Ribose) Glycohydrolase Activity. Activity of the glycohydrolase was assayed by a method described previously (7). Briefly, 10 u\ of reaction buffer (300 mM potassium phosphate buffer, pH 7.5, 60 HIMNaF and 60 mM 2-mercaptoethanol) and 10 ^1 of 32P-labeled poly(ADP-ribose) (60 ^M, 20-25 mCi/mmol, prepared as described in Reference 7) was prewarmed to 37°C. The mixture was then incubated with 40 *ilof the cell extract for 40 min. A typical assay contained extract derived from 1.5 to 2.0 x 10' cells. The reaction was stopped by boiling for 3 min. Twenty-^1 aliquots were applied to a thinlayer plate (0.1 mm PEI-F-cellulose; Merck Chemical Division, St. Louis, MO) together with unlabeled carrier of ADP-ribose (Sigma Chemical Co., St. Louis, MO). The plates were developed, first in 100% methanol and then in 0.9 M acetic acid, 0.3 M LiCl. Measurement of Poly(ADP-Ribose) Accumulation and NAD Pools. The accumulation of poly(ADP-ribose) and the corresponding NAD pools were measured by a radiolabeling technique described previously (6, 8). MNNG4 (Sigma) at 64 MMwas used to induce poly(ADP-ribose) synthesis. MNNG was dissolved in acetone so that the final concentra tion in the medium was less than 0.5%. MNNG was administered immediately after the hyperthermic treatment and treatment was for 30 min.


The peptide N‐Boc‐L‐Phe‐dehydro‐Leu‐L‐Val‐OCH3 was synthesized by the usual workup procedure and finally by coupling the N‐Boc‐L‐Phe‐dehydro‐Leu‐OH to valine methyl ester. It was crystallized from its solution in methanol–water mixture at 4°C. The crystals belong to the triclinic space group P1 with a = 5.972(5) Å, b = 9.455(6) Å, c = 13.101(6) Å, α = 103.00(4)°, β = 97.14(5)°, γ = 102.86(50)°, V = 690.8(8) Å, Z = 1, dm = 1.179(5) Mg m−3 and dc = 1.177(5) Mg m−3. The structure was determined by direct methods using SHELXS86. It was refined by block‐diagonal least‐squares procedure to an R value of 0.060 for 1674 observed reflections. The C  2α –C  2β distance of 1.323(9) Å in dehydro‐Leu is an appropriate double bond length. The bond angle Cα–Cβ–Cγ in the dehydro‐Leu residue is 129.4(8)°. The peptide backbone torsion angles are θ1 = −168.6(6)°, ω0 = 170.0(6)°, ϕ1 = −44.5(9)°, ψ1 = 134.5(6)°, ω1 = 177.3(6)°, ϕ2 = 54.5(9)°, ψ2 = 31.1(10)°, ω2 = 171.7(6)°, ϕ3 = 51.9(8)°, ψ  3T = 139.0(6)°, θT = −175.7(6)°. These values show that the backbone adopts a β‐turn II conformation. As a result of β‐turn, an intramolecular hydrogen bond is formed between the oxygen of the ith residue and NH of the (i + 3)th residue at a distance of 3.134(6) Å. The Boc group has a trans–trans conformation. The side‐chain torsion angles of the Phe residue are χ1 = 171.6(6)°, χ  12,1 = −102.1(9)°, and χ  12,2 = 78.6(10)°. The side‐chain conformational angles of dehydro‐Leu residue are χ2 = 2.7(13)°, χ  22,1 = −107.3(11)°, and χ  22,2 = 131.3(10)°. The torsion angles χ  31,1 and χ  31,2 that define the conformation of the valyl side chain are −166.16(6)° and 69.1(9)°, respectively. The crystal structure is stabilized by hydrogen bonds along the a and b axes, while the van der Waals forces are the stabilizing interactions in the c direction.


In the progress of his ideology,Marx reserved as well as criticized Hegelianism.His political ideology began with criticism on Hegelian political theories of modern society.On the basis of studying civil society,Marx realized that state was only a tool of governing classes,and that political revolution and liberation were limited.To attain the goal of liberating humanity,it is a must to have a nonstop revolution,and the proletariat is the undertaker of the mission.


In some product categories, consumers appear to alternate among items in a consistent and purposeful, though not entirely deterministic, fashion. Such alternation occurs even in the absence of any apparent external influences on choice. To explain such balanced choice behavior, we present a model based upon the premise that past consumption influences the utility of items on subsequent choice occasions. Individuals may seek variety on certain product attributes and exhibit loyalty toward others. The model specification yields a logit choice model which may be calibrated using consumption diary panel data at the individual or cross-sectional level.


Our collaboration has conducted a series of muon-catalysis experiments over broad temperature and density ranges at the LAMPF accelerator in Los Alamos. We have discovered surprising effects on the normalized muon-catalysis cycling rate, lambda/sub c/, and the apparent alpha-particle sticking coefficient, ..omega../sub s/, that depend on the d-t mixture density. This paper reviews our experimental approach, analysis methods, and results for tests with targets varying in density from 0.12 to 1.30, normalized to liquid hydrogen density, and in temperature from 15K to 800K. In particular, results will be presented on the cycling rate, sticking coefficient, and /sup 3/He scavenging rate, as functions of temperature, mixture density, or tritium concentration.


The effect of organic growing was studied on the storability of apple cv. Jonica, Liberty, Mutsuand Pinova. Fruits from integrated and organic orchards were stored at 2-4 °C, 95-99% relative humidity for 6 months. Firmness, activity of b-galactosidase and polygalacturonase enzymes were examined. There was no difference in the activity of β-galactosidase and polygalacturonase enzymes at harvest between the organic and integrated apples, but a significant difference was noted between the cultivars except for Mutsu and Pinova. The activity of b-galactosidase enzyme increased significantly during storage except for cv. Pinova and that of polygalacturonase enzyme also increased significantly. The difference in the activity of polygalacturonase became significant between the cultivars during storage except for cv. Jonica and Pinova. The firmness decreased significantly during storage, with the least change in case of cv. Liberty. It can be established that there is, in general, neither a considerable difference...


construction of a nuclear weapon, clandestine diversion of fissile materials by the host state for construction of a nuclear weapon, clandestine production of fissile materials in the facility by the host state, (4) abrogation by the host state of its participation in the Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty and conversion of the facility to the production of nuclear weapons, and (5) radiological sabotage by subnational groups. Four safeguard challenges were examined. ABSTRACT People's Republic of China (PRC) is operating a 10 MW(t) pebble-bed reactor (PBR) as a test reactor (the HTR-10) and is designing and building a prototypical PBR plant with two modular reactors (each 250 MW(t)) feeding steam to a single turbine generator. Because the prototype is a high-priority project for PRC, it will likely be the world's first modular high-temperature reactor ready for commercial deployment. The plant design features multiple modular reactors feeding steam to a single turbine generator where the number of modules determines the plant output. The design and commercialization strategy are based on PRC strengths: (1) a rapidly growing electric market that will support low-cost mass production of modular reactor units and (2) a balance-of-plant system based on economies of scale that uses the same mass-produced turbine generator systems used in PRC coal plants. If successful, in addition to supplying the PRC market, this strategy could enable PRC to be the leading exporter of nuclear reactors to developing countries. The modular characteristics of the reactor match much of the need elsewhere in the world. PBRs have major safety advantages and a radically different fuel compared with current light-water reactors. The fuel, not the plant systems, is the primary safety system that prevents and mitigates the release of radionuclides under accident conditions. The fuel consists of small (6 cm) pebbles (spheres) containing coated-particle fuel in a graphitized carbon matrix. The fuel loading per pebble is small (~9 g of low-enriched uranium), and hundreds of thousands of pebbles are required to fuel a nuclear plant. The uranium concentration in the fuel is an order of magnitude less than in traditional nuclear fuels. These characteristics make the fuel significantly less attractive for illicit use (weapons production or dirty bomb), but its unusual physical form may require changes in the tools used for safeguards. This report describes PBRs, the differences between PBRs and other reactor types, and safeguards challenges. Safeguards are recommended based on the assumption that the reactor is commercialized successfully and is deployed widely.


At present, the machining or reparation of large parts is a huge challenge. The existing method is to disassemble large parts for machining in sections or use a mobile robotic arm for machining. However, these methods have some disadvantages, such as occupying large area or insufficient rigidity, high cost in actual operation, and low quality stability. Therefore, this paper focuses on design and analysis of the multi-DOF adsorption parallel robot for in-situ machining. Firstly, a multi-DOF parallel mechanism combined with the 3-RRR spherical parallel mechanism and Delta parallel mechanism was presented. Compared with traditional multi-DOF parallel mechanisms, the hybrid parallel mechanism has a larger and more flexible workspace. Furthermore, the adsorption mechanism based on the bionic design method inspiring by the claws of birds was designed to provide stability for in-situ machining. Meanwhile, the feasibility of the presented mechanism was verified by simulation based on finite element analysis. Therefore, the design method presented in this paper could provide the design basis of manufacturing equipment for in-situ machining.


Infiltration of rainfall causes railway embankment to be unstable and may result in failure. Basic relationship between the stability of railway embankment and rainfall introducing the partial saturation concept of ground are defined to analyze the stability of embankment by rainfall. A pressure plate test is also performed to obtain soil-water characteristic curve of unsaturated soils. Based on this curve, the variables in the shear strength function and permeability function are also defined. These functions are used for the numerical model for evaluation of railway embankments under rainfall. As comparing the model and case studies, the variation of shear strength, the degree of saturation and pore-water pressure for railway embankment during rainfall can be predicted and the safety factor of railway embankment can be expressed as the function of rainfall amount, namely rainfall index. Therefore, the research on safety factor on railway embankment considering train speed and rainfall infiltration with the variation of rainfall intensity and rainfall duration was carried out in this paper.


The invention relates to a charging gun drill, in particular to a rocker type telescopic positioning locking mechanism for a charging gun drill with a drilling tool switching device. The rocker type telescopic positioning locking mechanism comprises a gun drill main body; the gun drill main body comprises a motor, a wire, a switch, a speed reduction gear box, and a battery package; the drilling tool switching device is arranged below the gun drill main body; the drilling tool switching device comprises a telescopic positioning support seat and a telescopic positioning support of which one end is inserted into the telescopic positioning support seat and the other end is provided with an inclined surface; the inclined surface is provided with a rotary support which can revolve and is provided with more than two drilling tools; the rocker type telescopic positioning locking mechanism is characterized in that: the rocker type telescopic positioning locking mechanism is arranged in the opposite space of the telescopic positioning support and the telescopic positioning support seat; and the mechanism comprises a rocker, a rocker seat, a spring and a coiling spring. By the mechanism, the drilling tool switching process which is operated by two hands is combined into a process for finishing the switching, mounting, positioning and locking of the drilling tools by one hand; and the mechanism has a reasonable structure.


To determine the price of domestic used water for the back country region of Ceará State is the objective of this paper considering salinity as na important factor for difference of price. The main point of this work is to subsidy the government decision,in terms of the oriented program and actions about the eficient use of water resource considering the relevant and intrinsic aspects of each local in main elaboration of the paper. The critical analisys of this paper bases on the hypothesis of the CGCM Consumer Goods Characteristics Model, and on the theory of characteristics of goods each product, the consumer`s price is equal to the summation of marginal monetary value of characteristics. This could be observed that the price of water receives the influence in inverse proportion of salinity characteristics which each local of salt com be considered as na important agent of defferent price in the implementation of local tariff imposed for the use of water. Key-words: Water, Price, Back Country, salinity.


Metasurfaces have demonstrated unprecedented capabilities in modulating the polarization and phase of electromagnetic waves and formed an emerging field of research, driving the exploitation of versatile compact devices. In this work, one transmission‐mode, multichannel all‐silicon metasurface platform that can implement functionalities separately in two orthogonally polarized output fields under linearly polarized incidences is proposed, which can effectively promote the design flexibility. Specifically, a single metasurface can realize multiple independent target phase distributions carrying specific phase relationships, thus enabling different information processing in different linear polarization states. For proof‐of‐principle experimental exhibitions, a monolayer metasurface composed of silicon pillars is designed, fabricated, and characterized to demonstrate the ability of multi‐dimensional light field control, such as polarization‐switchable focusing beam. Moreover, the other designed metasurface can generate polarization‐switchable Bessel vortex beams under linearly polarized incidences, which also verifies the flexibility and practicality of such platform. This metasurface platform may lead to new optical components, involving multichannel singular beam generators, information encoders, and holographic encryption devices.


A simple and convenient method has been developed for synthesis of water-soluble CdTe quantum dots (QDs) under ambient atmospheric conditions. In contrast to the traditional aqueous synthesis, green to red emitting CdTe QDs were prepared by using TeO2 to replace Te or Al2Te3 as tellurium source in this method. The influences of experimental variables, including pH value, 3-mercaptopropionic acid (MPA)/Cd and Te/Cd molar ratios, on the emission peak and photoluminescence (PL) quantum yield (QY) of the obtained CdTe QDs have been systematically investigated. Experimental results indicate that green to red emitting CdTe QDs with a maximum photoluminescence quantum yield of 35.4% can be prepared at pH 11.3 and n(Cd):n(Te):n(MPA)=1:0.1:1.7.


Objective Current advice for patients being discharged from hospital suggests a body mass index of 18.5 to 24 kgm−2, although this aspirational target may often not be achieved. We examined the relationship between body mass index on discharge from hospital and subsequent mortality over a maximum follow-up of 3.8 years. Design We conducted a survival analysis using linked hospital records data with national hospital episode statistics and national death certification data. Participants & Setting The analysis included adult patients who were admitted to University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust for a period of over 24 h during 2011, excluding day cases and regular day case attenders. Main outcome measures The relationship between body mass index and mortality at medium term was estimated separately in both men and women, after accounting for case-mix. Results For both males and females, the relationship between body mass index at discharge and the loge hazard of death was strongly non-linear (p = 0.0002 for females and p < 0.0001 for males) and predictive (both p < 0.0001). In all models, the optimal body mass index range associated with best survival was 25 to 35 kgm−2, with a sharp increase in risk for lower body mass index. Conclusions There was little evidence to support current aspirational body mass index targets in the discharge population. Hospitals should ensure adequate nutrition especially among those with a reduced body mass index.


In recent years,international migration has become more and more common,while its patterns are getting increasingly complex.After several years living in a certain destination,immigrants often make repeat migrations,either to return to their home country or onward to another host country.Researchers have developed new methodologies to study the flows and patterns of transnational movements,and new theories to explain them.One of the new developments in this respect is the triangular model of human capital transfer among nations by Devoretz and Ma(2002),which emphasizes the dynamic nature of international migration in the context of regional development.It argues that immigrants often enter into an entrepot country to accumulate transnational human capital and other capital,such as citizenship.After acquiring such capital,they can choose to stay in the country,return to their home countries,or move to another host country,in order to maximize the return to their acquired transnational capital.New challenges are posed to the study of transnational flows of human capital,requiring the use of multiple censuses of the sending country,entrepot country and major hosting country.Due to structural differences,censuses from different countries are normally in different format and cover populations within different national boundaries.As a result,the most current research on international migration is often limited to either the sending or receiving countries.Efforts are needed to integrate these data sets into a standardized one,so that variables can be unified for direct comparison and further analysis.We adopt a new approach to the integration of census micro-data of different countries into one unified framework.The framework includes two major parts: the statistical part and the mapping part.We start with the statistical part by using open source software packages,such as PHP and MySQL,to implement an integrated micro database system.The micro database includes censuses from multiple countries/regions,including the US,Canada and Hong Kong.In order to enable automated analysis,we first select common variables from different censuses and then standardize each of them to the same unit or category.These standardized variables are either called identifiers or indicators.Identifiers are variables used to identify similar population groups from different censuses and indicators are variables used to compare among groups.In the demo system,we used a total of 10 identifiers and 3 indicators.With the integrated database,we designed a search module and a statistics module.The search module uses key identifiers to search specific population groups from different censuses.The result is listed as tabulations to support further studies.The statistics module takes previous tabulations as input and output results of statistical analysis,including cross country/region comparison and uni-variable analysis(maximum/minimum/mean/std) as tables,graphs,and pre-map files.The second part of the framework is to integrate the micro database with a GIS database,the result of which can be used for mapping purposes.The statistical outputs from Part 1 are processed by the mapping module of Part2,and the system creates online map visualization.This paper mainly introduces the first part of the framework.We are still working on the second part.When both parts are finished and integrated,this system will integrate spatial information with census micro-data of different countries/regions,and provide a unified web-based demographic information system to facilitate flexible and advanced international immigration analysis.


A method of optically measuring the shape of reflecting and scattering free-form surfaces, characterized in that projected simultaneously or sequentially to the surface, scattered pattern and further reflected by the surface pattern can be used together to determine the surface shape by the scattered and reflected pattern from the same camera are recorded with a computer unit and analyzed.


The invention relates to a process for the preparation of a drug with a means, particularly with a detergent, filled in a tablet form packaging. This method has the following method steps: DOLLAR A A preformed package forming film with at least one molded-receiving trough is used with the receiving depression in a mating receptacle of a holding mold, DOLLAR A Before, simultaneously with or after process step a), a certain amount of the still in the receiving trough noncompressed active agent (premix) is filled. DOLLAR A The amount of the active ingredient by means located in the receiving trough is pressed into the receiving trough itself by means of a press molding using the receptacle of the holding mold as an abutment to form a compact tablet. After completion of process step c) the film is removed with the receiving trough located on the active agent tablet from the holding mold and sent to further handling stages. DOLLAR A Before, simultaneously closed, the holding trough on the open side by applying a closure film or a lid with or after process step d). DOLLAR A The direct compression in the form has significant manufacturing advantages.


1568 Objective: This retrospective analysis was performed to determine the incidence of brain metastasis (BM) in patients with HER2 overexpressing metastatic breast cancer (MBC). A specific focus was the relation of BM occurrence to remission status of visceral disease during trastuzumab treatment. Methods: Patients with MBC were included in this retrospective analyses from March 2000 to May 2004. HER2 overexpression was determined by immunohistochemistry (IHC; DAKO Hercep Test). Trastuzumab was applied at a loading dose of 4mg/kg and a weekly maintenance dose of 2 mg/kg. Results: Among 136 HER2 overexpressing patients (DAKO score 3+), fourty-two patients were identified with BM during follow-up (30.9%). A negative hormone receptor expression (ER and PgR) correlated with the incidence of BM (42.8% vs 23.4%; p=0.01). There was no correlation of the development of BM with regard to tumor grading and patient age (BM 54.5 vs without BM 50 years; p=0.27). In patients who developed BM, the median interval betwe...


In the world of education, a lot of knowledge is learned by students. One of them is Mathematics which has been taught starting from basic education to higher education. Fractions are a subject in the field of mathematics that is considered the most difficult to learn, both understanding the basic concepts and understanding the concept of their use, namely understanding operations in fractions. To overcome the above difficulties, in studying or teaching fractions to students about the concepts and operations of counting, it is necessary to have a method, so that learning mathematics becomes an exciting learning. One of them is the Interactive Media based on Macromedia Flash. The short-term objective of this service activity is to provide a new atmosphere for students in learning, namely introducing the use of Macromedia Flash-based Interactive Media in teaching fractions. Meanwhile, the long-term goal is for the teachers of SD Pemb.V Yapis Waena to obtain a new method for comparison in learning fractions. This activity was held on 18-19 September 2020 which was attended by 20 grade V students of SD Pemb.V Yapis Waena. The methods used are lectures, discussions, question and answer methods, demonstrations and practice, as well as observation and evaluation of the results of the multimedia teaching aids. The conclusion is that by learning the fraction concept using interactive media based on Macromedia Flash, the teacher will be more concrete in explaining the concepts and operations of fractions to students.Keywords: SD Yapis, Fractions, Method, Macromedia Flash


The main purpose of this paper is to discuss Gehong's theory of preserving health in short. This theory involves such content as: promising longevity by virtues; borrowing the constitutional quality of other materials to strengthen oneself; securing life through fixing up both body and soul. The author of the paper considers that Ge's theory of preserving oneself health covers three aspects,i.e. self-restraint of morality, pursing immaculacy in spirits and ever-lasting of body. This theory is meaningful to nowaday human beings for keeping themselves healthy in some degree.


Immunocytochemical and immunochemical techniques were used to study the expression of the neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) by human lung cancer cell lines. Intense surface staining for NCAM was found at light and electron microscopic levels on small celliung cancer cells. The NCAM polypeptide of M r 140000 (NCAM 140) was detected by immunoblotting in all of 7 small celliung cancer celllines examined and in one out of two of the closely related large cell cancer cell lines: it was not detected in cell lines obtained from one patient with a mesothelioma, in two cases of adenocarcinoma, nor in two cases of squamous cell cancer. In contrast, neuron-specific enolase was found by immunoblotting in all the lung cancer celliines tested and synaptophysin in all but the adenocarcinoma celliines. These antigens were localized intracellularly. The specific expression ofNCAM 140 by human small and large celliung carcinomas suggests its potential as a diagnostic marker. Lung cancer; Neural cell adhesion molecule; Marker


In 1989, a US Court of Appeals ruled in cases relating to IUD injuries that if a claimant had a personal belief or had received a professional opinion that an IUD was causing injury more than three years before they filed for damages, the case was time barred by a Maryland three-year statute of limitations. Also during 1989, other US court rulings concerning the IUD concluded that 1) an action for injuries accrues from the time the device was removed and an action for breach of warranty accrues at the time the device was inserted, 2) actions are not barred by the statute of limitation, 3) a one-year statute of limitations begins running at the time the patient was hospitalized with pelvic infection, 4) an award of $7 million in punitive damages is not excessive, 5) the statute of limitations begins running from the time of the last medical treatment, and 6) the statute of limitations begins to run at the time of the last treatment. With respect to other contraceptives, 1989 court decisions allowed a settlement in a proposed class action suit against the manufacturer of the Dalkon Shield and disallowed a claim that a plaintiff should have been directly warned about the danger of stroke associated with the use of oral contraceptives.


Indian Dermatology Online Journal July-August 2016 Volume 7 Issue 4 Departments of Dermatology, Venereology, Leprosy and Pathology, Dr. R.P. Government Medical College, Kangra, Tanda, Himachal Pradesh, India A 39-year-old female presented with numerous papulonodular lesions over face appearing since the age of 7 years. These had been asymptomatic and relatively stable in size and number until 3-4 years back when she noticed a coalescence of lesions over her mid face/nasal bridge and progressive enlargement of her nose. Her medical history was unremarkable. Her 23-year-old daughter had also beginning to develop similar lesions over the face since the age of 17 years. Her parents, one male sibling, two sons, and another daughter were reportedly healthy. Physical examination showed rhinophyma-like enlarged nose and innumerable, 2-10 mm sized, skin-colored, smooth surfaced, papules, and nodules involving the whole face [Figure 1]. The glabella, periocular, nasal bridge, alae nasi, nasolabial folds, perilabial and chin were involved predominately. Her daughter also had few lesions of similar morphology over the nose and nasolabial folds. The findings of hematoxylin and eosin stained histology sections of a nodular lesion are shown in Figures 2 and 3.


The LaCrO3 was considered as an ideal interconnector of solid oxide electrolysis cell because of its chemical and physical stability at high temperature.However,the main effect of its conductivity performance at high temperature was unknown.The powders of LaCrO3 doped with CaCO3 and B4C were prepared by the solid state reaction,and the affect of doping amount on the sintering properties and resistivity was studied.The structure,micrographs,phase composition,resistivity and density were analyzed by XRD,SEM,four-probe measurement and drainage method.The research showed that the addition of CaCO3 and B4C could promote grain refinement,but the addition of B4C was not conducive to densification of sintered for LaCrO3.Moreover,the CaCO3 could reduce the electrical resistivity,and B4C might change the grain boundary resistance,which affected on resistivity of ceramic.The LaCrO3 doped with CaCO3=20 mol% and B4C=0.1 mol% as the interconnector had more lower and stable resistivity at high temperature.


Poster: "ECR 2012 / C-0117 / Using localized proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy AAR criteria for diognosis obesity-related nonalcoholic fatty liver disease" by: "G. Shiryaev, M. Shariya; Moscow/RU"


Foreign Exchange at Salomon Brothers. basis trade involves going long cash and short futures (long the basis), or, alternatively, going short cash and long futures (short the basis). In fact, a transaction is effectively a basis trade whenever futures contracts are used as a substitute for cash or vice versa. In other words, one can be long or short the basis without engaging in an explicit basis trade. It is with this philosophy that we approach this article. Consider some examples where futures and cash act as substitutes for each other. Sometimes it is cheaper and quicker to use futures to extend the duration of a portfolio and later substitute cash for the futures contracts. Managers of a carefully constructed cash portfolio also can sell futures to shorten duration. This can be beneficial if futures are trading rich versus the cash bonds, or if the manager does not want to alter the characteristics of the cash portfolio or sell illiquid securities. A cash transaction can take place after the futures market is closed, and later one may substitute futures for the cash. Additionally, a view that the yield curve will flatten can easily be turned into a trade involving an implicit basis strategy. To the extent that futures and cash behave alike, it may be preferable to substitute one for the other. And, to the extent that futures and cash behave differently, it may be easier to express a particular market view with one instrument rather than the other. Understanding the relationship between the two markets and the relative interest rate sensitivities provides a greater appreciation for the different types of trades that are available to market participants. This knowledge enables practitioners to take advantage of market opportunities and also profit from expected changes in market conditions. Market views on


Review of High Wired : On the Design, Use and Theory of Educational MOOs by Cynthia Haynes and Jan Rune Holmevik .


OBJECTIVE
To observe the effect of Gusongbao (GSB) on proliferation and metabolism of osteoblast cultured in vitro.

METHODS
Old rats, aged 18 months, were given GSB 1.5 g/kg, twice a day for 3 days by intragastric perfusion. Blood of the rats was collected 1 hr after the final perfusion to isolate serum for preparing, with D8900 medium, the culture media containing 7.5% or 15% GSB, which was used to culture osteoblast for 24 hrs. Besides, D8900 media containing 7.5% or 15% old rats'serum without medication, containing 20 mumol/L, sodium fluoride, and simple D8900 medium were prepared for control. The cell proliferation was detected by MTT method, and the changes of Ca2+ concentration and ALP content in supernatant of culture were also observed.

RESULTS
The osteoblast proliferation cultured in GSB serum containing medium was significantly increased than those cultured in the other control media (P < 0.01), at the same time, the Ca2+ consumption increased and the ALP content elevated significantly (P < 0.05, P < 0.01).

CONCLUSION
GSB could promote the DNA synthesis, increase the utilization of Ca2+ and accelerate the growth and proliferation of osteoblast.


Along with low tolerance of the society to environmental pollution,traditional phosphating process is inevitable to be replaced by metal surface treatment. Silane technology is a new trend of metal surface treatment,with the advantages of energy saving, environmental protection,simple operation,low cost,and no residue waste. Coating of silane technology in home appliances,automobile and other land application in pretreatment has gradually replaced the phosphating,but the industrial application in the marine environment were not introduced at home. This paper introduces the significance of silane technology in marine engineering equipment anticorrosion field,the optimization research of marine drilling riser sleeve joint silylation treatment system design and process parameters from aspects of process flow,equipment layout,silane film quality control,and pointed out the technical problems to be solved.


Generalized Chain ratio in regression type estimator is efficient for estimating the population mean. Many authors have derived a Generalized Chain ratio in regression type estimator. However, the computation of its Mean Square Error (MSE) is cumbersome based on the fact that several iterations have to be done, hence the need for a modified generalized chain ratio in regression estimator with lower MSE. This study proposed a modified generalized chain ratio in regression estimator which is less cumbersome in its computation. Two data sets were used in this study. The first data were on tobacco production by tobacco producing countries with yield of tobacco (variable of interest), area of land and production in metric tonnes as the auxiliary variables. The second data were the number of graduating pupils (variable of interest) in Ado-Odo/Ota local government, Ogun state with the number of enrolled pupils in primaries one and five as the auxiliary variables. The mean square errors in the existing and proposed estimators for various values of alpha were derived and relative efficiency was determined. The MSE for the existing estimator of tobacco production gave six values 0.0080, 0.0079, 0.0080, 0.0082, 0.0087 and 0.0093 with 0.0079 as the minimum while the proposed estimator gave 0.0054. The MSEs for the existing estimator for the graduating pupils were 20.73, 11.08, 7.49, 9.96, 18.50 and 33.10 with 7.49 as the minimum while the proposed was 6.52. The results of this study showed that the proposed estimator gave lower MSE for the two data sets, hence it is more efficient.


Conference program committees must adapt their review and selection process dynamics in response to evolving research cultural changes and challenges.


I. Lefkowitz wrote four papers on Ba2NaNb5O15 (BSN) between 1969 and 1971. We show that these papers contained the roots of a wealth of interesting physical results later investigated in detail, namely, the existence of incommensurate phases in BSN, the occurrence of a complex lattice dynamics with overdamped and underdamped soft modes as well as a critically narrowing central peak, and the probable occurrence of a strong interplay between local defects and a long-range order-parameter.


Blind interference alignment (BIA) can eliminate users' interference without channel state information and greatly improve the channel capacity, which has been regarded as a promising technique in next generation wireless systems. However, current BIA mechanisms neglect noise accumulations, resulting in final signal-to-noise ratio (fSNR) deterioration and reduced transmission rates. Motivated by ameliorating such negative impact induced by noise accumulations, this study establishes an SNR aware semi-BIA (SNR SBIA) framework in the multi-input–single-output broadcast channel, where the users form different groups performing BIA for different SNR reductions. An SNR SBIA algorithm is further proposed based on tabu search for maximising the overall performance ensuring all users' fSNRs higher than an SNR threshold. Extensive evaluations demonstrate that SNR SBIA can adapt to the users' diverse received SNRs and the corresponding achievable sum rate is about 1.38 times and 1.92 times that in standard BIA and grouped hierarchical BIA, respectively.


Abstract : This is the second report of a longitudinal study designed to determine the predictability of an Air Force officer's career decision and to evaluate relationships between career intent and various demographic, environmental and attitudinal factors. The USAF Active Duty Survey No. 1, the first year active duty followup, was completed by those subjects who had participated in the precommissioning phase of the study. Responses were validated against the criterion of stated career-intention. A Career-Intent Key developed on half the sample was applied to the other half of each commissioning source. Resulting correlations between the empirical score and career-intent statement ranged from .48 to .67. Various experimental scoring techniques were applied to Job Importance-Job Possibility Scale. Of the experimental measures, the Positive Score appears to be the best predictor of career retention. Based on responses to the career-intent statement, the most favorable source for retention is OCS, followed by OTS-AECP and the Academies. One characteristic noted at this point after one year's active duty is the beginning shift away from the 'uncertain' career-intent category. A slight trend away from high career intent toward low career intent is also noted for all sources except USMA. (Author)


In this work, a new approach for aircraft aerodynamic behavior identification by using virtual simulation is proposed. Both theoretical and experimental aspects are presented. A simulation environment, Microsoft Flight Simulator, is used as the test platform. To make the communication with this environment possible, a real-time interface that allows the read and/or write from and to the shared memory layer of this flight simulator is developed. Using this interface, the virtual aircrafts sensors are read and the commands are written to the inputs control (thrust, elevators, ailerons, trims, and rudder). Also, an identification of the aerodynamic coefficients' derivatives using the total least square technique is presented. The piloting law expression is toughly tied to those derivatives which are unknown and not always available. The aircraft aerodynamic model is then used to calculate the aerodynamic coefficients. We determine the aerodynamic performances of the wing which is based on the polar drag, the computation of the maximum lift-to-drag coefficient ratio and the determination of the moment in which the aerodynamic stall phenomenon appears.


Many members of our unique community of perfusion clinicians, in collaboration with our partners in healthcare delivery, have been working at the frontlines of the COVID-19 pandemic for several months now. In that time, new challenges, such as finding the right ECMO anticoagulation regimens to avoid thrombosis while preventing head bleeds, are being puzzled out and opportunities for new discoveries, such as with cytokine adsorbing filters, are by necessity being implemented. The work of the Joint Perfusion COVID-19 Task Force, of which our society, American Society of ExtraCorporeal Technology, has been a primary facilitator, has played a tremendous role in quickly disseminating information on the challenges and solutions being developed worldwide. As the editor of the Journal of ExtraCorporeal Technology, I would like to invite Task Force contributors and other clinicians who are compiling COVID-19 patient data to submit your findings to further share and archive your work in our Journal. Being relatively early in the pandemic, even without extensive data, your clinical strategies can be submitted as technique articles, case reports, and letters to the editor. This information will be timely for the current frontline clinicians, while future clinicians, who will almost certainly face other novel pandemics, will likely turn to these pages and learn from our experience during the COVID-19 era. For this issue, I had previously invited our Associate Editor Dr. Donald Likosky and his colleague Dr. Xiaoting Wu to provide a guest editorial addressing common misconceptions surrounding the use of a most common statistical tool, the p-value, in scientific publication. My thanks to Drs. Xu and Likosky. Raymond K. Wong, PhD, CCP Editor-in-Chief Raymond K. Wong


Beginning in the early 70s, ACME, a highly innovative and successful U.S. chemical firm, began commercializing an important and versatile polymer invention. This case study chronicles the many travails faced by ACME in obtaining patent protection for its innovations in major developed economies. ACME's experiences suggest that international differences in patent regimes that stem from ideological, historical, and institutional differences are pervasive, and need to be accounted for in a company's patenting approach. International strategy in the patent area is thus inherently multi-domestic. Further, we also observe that in global industries, obtaining a modicum of exclusivity through strong patent protection in certain key markets may be adequate to preserve a firm's competitive advantage versus multinational rivals. Moreover, a firm's patent strategy seems intrinsically integrated with its continuing innovative and commercial performance.


Metabolic processes are central to toxin formation and corresponding infection success of the Gram-positive, anaerobic gut pathogen C. difficile. The bacterium utilizes a unique amino acid- based fermentation (Stickland reaction) in conjunction with a membrane-spanning ion-pumping Rnf complex for ATP generation. Here, it was demonstrated by interactomics that one of the major enzymes of the reductive Stickland fermentation D-proline reductase forms a stable supercomplex with the Rnf complex. Other enzymes of Stickland fermentation (subunits of the glycine reductase), of ATP generation (F-type and V-type ATPase), of electron bifurcation (Bcd2/Etf), butanoate metabolism (e.g. Buk2, Cat2, Crt2 and SucD), glycolysis (e.g. Fba, Gap and Pyk) and the TCA cycle (e.g. PycA) are also members of the supercomplex. Correspondingly, a still viable rnfC mutant contained an almost inactive D-proline reductase, showed changes in cell morphology, flagella formation and toxin production. Detailed holistic Omics-based analyses of compensatory changes in gene regulation, the protein inventory and metabolite composition revealed a significant reprogramming of the overall cell physiology. The NAD+/NADH ratio was imbalanced, a compensatory upregulation of the butanoate metabolism and TCA cycle as well as changes in the amino acid pathways were observed. Finally, the rnfC mutant showed clear cut defects in the colonization of the host as tested in a mouse model. In summary, obtained results underscores the importance of the Rnf-proline reductase supercomplex for the infection by C. difficile.


Improved technological developments can be felt throughout societies that can have a positive and negative effect. A parent's knowledge will make the decision to give the child in charge. The purpose of this research is to describe the knowledge of parents about the gawais and the provision of gawais in children aged 9-12 years. The type of research used is quantitative descriptive. The population is a parent of elementary school students from Negeri Wonorejo 2 subdistrict of Semarang district. The number of respondents was 83 randomly picked people (random sampling). Collection of research data using questionnaires that have been tested for validity and reusability. The results showed that 55.4% of respondents knew about the function of gawais and 42.2% of respondents gave the child a gawai. From respondents who give the device only 19.4% that gives the child restrictions. The use of gawais provided by respondents is for entertainment, communication and for child control.


The purpose of this article is to discuss the graduate courses on heritage that were offered in the 1970s as a result of the educational and cultural policies of the Ministry of Education and Culture of Brazil. In 1974, 1976 and 1978, three different courses were offered in the states of Sao Paulo, Pernambuco and Minas Gerais, respectively. These courses were created by request from the Ministry of Education and Culture and the Institute of National Historic and Artistic Heritage (Iphan) at the Governors' Meetings of 1970 and 1971. Demand for specialized professionals increased, motivated by the Program of Historic Cities (PCH), and Iphan along with Universities became responsible for providing support for these studies. In the 1970s, a perceived shortage of professionals specialized in cultural heritage at various levels justified offering the courses, which were an important forum for discussions on preservation practice and theory. By gathering teachers and students with different backgrounds and experiences, the courses (consisting of lectures, activities, field trips and final projects presented to a board of examiners) provided the specialists with a space to dialogue on the different preservation practices of the time.


In this study, the chromosome numbers of six Iranian taxa belonging to tribe Cardueae were counted. The chromosome numbers in Jurinea cartilaginea Mozaff. 2n=30, J. carduiformis (Juab. & Spach) Boiss. 2n=34, Aegopordon berardioides Boiss. 2n=34, Nikitinia leptoclada (Bornm. & Sint.) Iljin 2n=30, Centaurea amadanensis Schultz-Bip. var. gymnoclada (Jaub. & Spach) Wagenitz 2n=18 and Cousinia argentea Mehregan & Assadi 2n=26 were determined. Of the chromosome counts reported four are new to the world. Based on this study, three taxonomic changes are confirmed and a new suggestion is presented here.


For a long time, people have never stopped studying the relationship between art and design, the two human spiritual creation activities. The Art emerging for the solution of spiritual forms and the Design for the solution of material functions have always been influencing each other. This article aims at investigating the contribution of the arts to contemporary design in Italy and China, in terms of cultural nurture, design education and design practice. The research focuses on the reflective dimension of the design process. By studying and understanding the art and design, it summarizes a set of the critical research on design and puts forward new methods and theories for the future design culture. Keywords—Art; Design; Creative field; China; Italy I. ART AND DESIGN IN THE CHANGING TIMES In the "Art history" of thousands of years and the "Design history" of more than one hundred years in the modern sense, the true interplay and interaction between modern design and art should be said to have lasted for only nearly one hundred years: during the period of the industrial revolution and in the early stage of modern design, art and design were differentiated. After the industrialization of the modern era was completed, as a beginning, the incorporation of Bauhaus contributed to the unity of art and design. By the time of "postmodernism", art and design reached the greatest degree of integration. Art and design underwent the initial integration and evolved into different fields of specialization. The relationship between design and art is still very subtle despite their new fusion today. It needs to combine the characteristics of the times to discuss the relationship between art and design. In 1914, the vigorous "Cologne Werkbund Debate "took place in Germany. Hermann Muthesius and Henry van de Velde from Deutseher Wekrbund fiercely debated whether the design should be "standardized" or "artistic". Although there was no winner in the academic debate, the ultimate capitalists and entrepreneurs adopted Muttersius's ideas based on the market conditions at that time. Prof. Silvia Piardi, the dean of the School of Design of Politecnico di Milano has said in the "International Academic Forum on the Future Mission of Art and Design Education", "Globalization has a very interesting embodiment in the project, meaning that the culture and technology can be integrated, but we must also recognize that the cultural tradition needs to be persevered." II. DEFINITION OF BOUNDARY BETWEEN THE ART AND THE DESIGN In 1979, Prof. Bruce Archer of Royal College of Art published a sensational chart 'relationship in knowledge field' (Figure 1), which described "Design" as a third culture distinct from Humanities and Sciences, the activities closer to design, on the side of Humanities are the Fine Arts, thoes on the side of Sciences are Uesful Arts. However, Scholars, teachers and even design practitioners are used to say that design as a discipline is relatively young, as well as they say that design as a research practice is relatively new (Quoting ken Friendman, 2003). *This paper work is sponsered by China Scholarship Council. 2nd International Conference on Management, Education and Social Science (ICMESS 2018) Copyright © 2018, the Authors. Published by Atlantis Press. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/). Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, volume 176


A multi‐institutional group has been created to demonstrate the utility of in vivo 31P magnetic resonance spectroscopy (31P‐MRS) to study human cancers in vivo. This review is concerned with the novel problems concerning quality control in this large multinational trial of 31P MRS. Our results show that the careful and systematic performance of the quality control tests depicted here (standardized dual 1H/31P tuned radiofrequency probe, quality control procedures, routine use of 1H irradiation while acquiring 31P MR signals) has ensured comparable results between the different institutions. In studies made in vitro, the root‐mean‐square error was 3.6 %, and in muscle of healthy volunteers in vivo the coefficients of variance for the ratios phosphocreatine/nucleotide‐triphosphates, phosphocreatine/noise and nucleotide‐triphosphate/noise were 12.2, 7.0 and 10.8 %, respectively. The standardization of the acquisition protocol for in vivo‐localized 31P MR spectroscopy across the different institutions has resulted in comparable in vivo data, decreasing the possible problems related to a research study carried out under a multi‐institutional setting. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


In this note the well-posedness of the Dirichlet problem (1.2) below is proved in the class H 1,p 0 () for all 1 < p < ∞ and, as a consequence, the Holder regularity of the solution u. L is an elliptic second order operator with discontinuous coefficients ( MO) and the lower order terms belong to suitable Lebesgue spaces.


This research aimed to analysis the effect of fraud pentagon, the variable are pressure (financial targets, financial stability and external pressure), opportunity (ineffective monitoring and nature of industry), rationalization (change in auditor and rationalization), competence (change of directors) and arrogance (frequent number of CEO's picture) to fraudulent financial reporting which measured using F-Score Model. This research used secondary data and purposive sampling method, there were 201 industrial manufacture industries that were registered in Indonesia Stock Exchange in period of 2015-2017 as research sample. This research used logistic regression analysis by using data processing application of SPSS. The result showed that financial target and ineffective monitoring have a positive affect on the  fraudulent financial reporting. Furthermore, external pressure, nature of industry, change in auditor and rationalization have a negative affect on  fraudulent financial reporting. While, financial stability, change in directors and frequent number of CEO's picture have not affected on  fraudulent financial reporting.


An analytical solution is obtained for flow and heat transfer in a 3-dimensional porous medium. Coolant from a reservoir at constant pressure and temperature enters one portion of the boundary of the medium and exits through another portion of the boundary which is at a specified uniform temperature and uniform pressure. The variation with temperature of coolant density and viscosity are both taken into account. A general solution is found that provides the temperature distribution in the medium and the mass and heat fluxes along the portion of the surface through which the coolant is exiting. Both compressible and incompressible fluids were treated and the variation of fluid viscosity with temperature was taken into account. (10 refs.)


We discuss an algorithm for the recovery of a conductivity in 2-D inverse scattering problems. Suppose that a small object is illuminated by plane acoustic waves. Given data on a circular boundary of the region of interest, we employ a Regularized Quasi-Newton method (RQN) to construct an iterative algorithm. The main new feature of the method is the utilization of non-reflective boundary conditions. The convergence of the algorithm is established for exact and for noisy data. Explicit estimation of the recovered conductivity coefficient is obtained. A detailed analysis is given for a cylindrically configured conductivity.


BACKGROUND
Completion of a cardiac rehabilitation (CR) program post cardiac disease event promotes successful recovery and subsequent cardiovascular health. Attrition rates for CR programs have been reported as high as 65%. Little is known about the attrition population.

PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to describe demographic and clinical variables associated with non-completion of CR and to identify factors that led to attrition.

METHODS
A comparative retrospective survey design was used to identify differences in demographic and clinical variables between patients who completed CR and those who did not. Prospectively, CR participants who dropped out received follow-up calls to identify reasons for program cessation.

RESULTS
Demographic variables were not significantly different between the attrition group and the control group. Having a normal ECG during a pre-program stress test and having higher levels of pre-program stress were significant for the attrition group. The most common reason for dropping out was physical health problems. Other influential factors included patients' perception that the exercise component of the program was too difficult and personal perceptions and reactions to the program.

IMPLICATIONS
Patients entering CR who present in better physical risk categories with higher home or occupational stress levels may be at risk for dropping out. CR staff should monitor patients early for personal reactions to the program along with their response to physical exercise in order to address issues that promote program attrition.


Assuming non-Fourier thermal effects, Tzou's dual-phase-lag model has been applied to introduce the governing heat conduction equation in the presented mathematical model. Moreover, in order to design a well-posed stable dual-phase-lag model, the governing time fractional dual-phase-lag heat equation has been established by introducing conductive temperature and thermodynamical temperature, satisfying the two-temperature theory. Due to the application of phase-lags the heat conduction equation became hyperbolic. The corresponding governing equations of motion and stresses have been considered in two-dimensional bounded spherical domain. The spherical boundaries are assumed to be traction free. The Laplace and the Legendre integral transforms have been applied to obtain the analytical solutions of conductive and thermodynamical temperatures, displacement components and thermal stresses. The Gaver-Stehfest algorithm has been employed to achieve the time domain inversions of Laplace transforms numerically, satisfying the Kuznetsov convergence criteria. Classical, fractional and generalized thermoelasticity theories has been recovered theoretically and numerically as well for various fractional orders and phase-lags values.


The paper presents a general review on the basic concept and background of sustainable agriculture, and analyses the unsustainable reasons of our agriculture development in passed 50 years. A modern mode of intensive and sustainable agricultural development, which is facing 21 century and suitable for Chinese situation, is set forth and discussed. At the same time, some primary agricultural engineering technology is introduced briefly in this paper.


Objective To Discuss the effection on young myopia development with accuracy optometry and match far-near glass.Methods The observe group and control group were set up and with accuracy optometry and far glass was corrected to low degree of 1.0 after optometry.The observe group was taken other near glass that less-2.00D than first one.The control group was used the same glass.Results 358 cases were observed(observe group 186 and control group 172) and followed up 2 years.The myopia development in observe group was slower than that in control group 10.93% with p0.01.Conclusion The accuracy optometry and far-near glass might delay the young myopia development on time.


This study categorized the households into four by the comparison of wives' and husbands' earned income, such as one with higher wives' income than husbands' in dual-earner households, with higher wives' income than husbands' in household with unemployed husbands, with lower wives' income than husbands' in dual-earner households, and with lower wives' income than husbands' in household with unemployed wives. This study compared and analyzed the objective and subjective economic well-being, and overall satisfaction of life in those households. Major results are below. First, the amount of expenditures, saving, debt were low in one-earner household with employed husbands, but average propensity to expenditure was high in those households. The amount of saving was low in one-earner households with unemployed husbands, but the average propensity to expenditure and debt were high, resulting in the low status of economic well-being. The amount of saving and monetary assets were high, but average propensity to expenditure and debt were low in households in which wives had higher income than husbands, resulting in the high status of economic well-being. Second, husbands' satisfaction for the level of family income was not different among four groups of households. Wives's satisfaction for those was the lowest when wives' income was higher than husbands', but the highest in households with unemployed wives. Wives' and husbands' expectations for the future economic well-being of the households were negative in households with unemployed husbands. On the other hand, the level of satisfaction of wives and husbands for their life was not different among four groups of households. Finally, four groups of households were discriminated by age of husbands, number of children, debt, and wives' expectation for the future economic well-being.


A Ka-band monopulse planar slot array antenna is designed in this paper based on the substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) technology. 32 element longitudinal slot array on the broad wall of SIW is design by the Stevenson method, and the amplitude of every slot is calculated by Taylor distribution. The whole resonant 8×32 slot array antenna is integrated on a single layer dielectric substrate. The antenna is able to operate over 34~36GHz with narrow beam and high gain. The antenna is simulated with a wide bandwidth of 1.8GHz from 34.2GHz to 36GHz (VSWR<;2), the gain of 28.51dB and the side lobe level of -23dB at the center frequency of 35GHz.


Generative adversarial networks GANs effectively solve the difficulty of obtaining image data but are disadvantaged by unstable training and poor quality of the generated images To resolve these problems this paper proposes an image generation method for an improved deep convolution GAN based on residual structures The proposed method uses the residual structure to deepen the network and combines the image-label information to obtain the deep-level features of real image samples It also introduces spectral constraints into the discriminator model thereby improving the training stability of the network and the effective generation of the image data The experimental results show that the proposed method has better performance in the visual effect and objective evaluation of the generated images


The Nursing and Midwifery Council code of conduct requires all nurses to support learners and expects all nurses to aspire to be a mentor. While this is great in theory, not everyone makes a good mentor and many nurses who attend mentorship programmes openly admit that they are doing it to aid their career progression.


This paper makes more studies on strongly right CF rings,gives a new characterization of right special rings and generalizes a known result on right P-morphic rings.


Letters COMMENT & RESPONSE In Reply We thank Thomas and colleagues for their impas- sioned commentary regarding our article, 1 and we would like to address some of the issues that have been raised regarding our study. First, Thomas and colleagues state, "Because linear pri- mary closure and secondary scar revision techniques using Z-plasty or W-plasty have such different indications and uses, comparing them as done in this study is, at the least, incon- gruous and inappropriate." When considering revision tech- niques to address a suboptimal scar, where functional or free margin distortion is not a concern, one option is simply to ex- cise it and close it primarily. Or alternatively one could use a Z-plasty or an excision with W-plasty. Both Z-plasty and W-plasty rely, in part, on the notion that an irregular zigzag scar is less noticeable than a linear one. Given these are some avail- able revision options, and little was known on the public's per- ception of linear vs zigzag scars, this seemed like a good basis for our study. Public perception is an important aspect when considering any scar revision method and our study provides valuable data in that regard. Thomas and colleagues mention, "Importantly, there is an erroneous use of the term 'Z-plasty' by the authors, who seem not to understand that a Z-plasty is not just a 'zigzag' incision as they state, but transposed flaps used for specific scar revi- sion purposes, such as improving contracted and/or misdi- rected scars." Our article 1 acknowledges that "surgeons per- form Z-plasties for reasons other than cosmetic concerns, such as the release of contractures and webs of scars." However, our study does not address those purposes. Regarding the redi- rection of scars, it should be noted that in 4 of our 12 sur- veyed sites, the transverse limbs of the flaps completely matched the facial rhytides of the patients, yet there was a sig- nificant difference in favor of the linear scars. For our study, 1 we used the premise of Z-plasties rather than W-plasties be- cause the lengthening produced through the transposition of the flaps (75% for a traditional 60° angle, as noted in our ar- ticle) is better defined than that which occurs through the use of W-plasties. Although Z-plasties may be more than zigzag in- cisions, they do not appear any different from W-plasties to the lay public or the surgeon, thus, perseverating on whether flaps or excisions have been used to create the virtual zigzag pattern is of no value. Next, Thomas and colleagues state, "the Z-plasty is, in fact, the indications for utilizing such scar revision techniques that are based on confirmed biomechanical studies and expert ex- perience [...]." We would note that "Expert opinion without explicit critical appraisal, or based on physiology, bench re- search or 'first principles'" is considered level 5 evidence, the lowest form. 2 Our study 1 was conducted because there is a lack of empiric evidence in the literature on whether linear clo- jamafacialplasticsurgery.com sures appear more or less aesthetically pleasing than appro- priately lengthened zigzag ones. The virtual zigzag scars studied were designed based on the dimensions of a real scar to model the length and angles of what a Z-plasty revision would have appeared to accom- plish. We did not purport that Z-plasty or W-plasty be used as a primary closure technique, but more so, we evaluated whether the postulation that a scar that has been broken down into smaller segments of a zigzag (irregularized) is, in fact, less conspicuous. The answer in our 12 different scenarios (4 sub- jects with scars in 3 different locations) appears to be no from the public's perspective. Finally, Thomas et al seem to take issue with our use of the word "dogma," which is defined by the Merriam-Webster dic- tionary as "something held as an established opinion; espe- cially: a definite authoritative tenet." 3 The word is appropri- ately used within our manuscript and without the "pejorative" meaning that was claimed. Limitations of our study 1 were noted, including that "the virtual 2-dimensional photographic image cannot account for potential scar irregularities that may affect cosmesis in a 3-di- mensional real-life situation. Furthermore, our study in- cluded a limited number of anatomic locations and model subjects, thus reducing its applicability to only a few facial sites" and finished with "The present study highlights the need for a large, multicenter, randomized clinical trial to best as- sess the cosmetic outcomes of linear vs multiple Z-plasty clo- sure techniques. Until that time, traditional dogma related to aesthetic preferences regarding Z-plasty scars should be interpreted with caution." We believe these are reasonable statements. Tatyana A. Petukhova, MD, MS Mondhipa Ratnarathorn, MD Daniel B. Eisen, MD Author Affiliations: Department of Dermatology, University of California, Davis, Sacramento (Petukhova); Sutter-Pacific Medical Foundation, California (Ratnarathorn); Department of Dermatology, University of California, Davis, Sacramento (Eisen). Corresponding Author: Daniel B. Eisen, MD, Department of Dermatology, University of California at Davis, 3301 C St, Ste 1400, Sacramento, CA 95816 (firstname.lastname@example.com). Published Online: June 30, 2016. doi:10.1001/jamafacial.2016.0769. Conflict of Interest Disclosures: None reported. 1. Ratnarathorn M, Petukhova TA, Armstrong AW, Wang AS, King TH, Eisen DB. Perceptions of aesthetic outcome of linear vs multiple Z-plasty scars in a national survey [published online April 7, 2016]. JAMA Facial Plast Surg. 2016. doi:10.1001/jamafacial.2016.0107. 2. Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine Levels of Evidence. 2009. http://www2.cch.org.tw/ebm/file/CEBM-Levels-of-Evidence.pdf. Accessed April 3. Dogma definition. Merriam-Webster.com. http://www.merriam-webster .com/dictionary/dogma. Accessed April 24, 2016. (Reprinted) JAMA Facial Plastic Surgery Published online June 30, 2016 Copyright 2016 American Medical Association. All rights reserved. Downloaded From: http://archfaci.jamanetwork.com/ by University of California - Davis, Daniel Eisen on 07/05/2016 E1


According to the data of China Internet Network Information Center, the number of mobile Internet users in China has reached 11.67 billion, and the proportion of users using mobile phones to access the Internet reached 99.7% by September 2021. When mobile phone or social software cannot be used, negative emotions (e. g: anxiety and uneasiness) are caused by fear of missing something important that others are experiencing or doing, can be called fearing of missing out in social media. Studies have found that there is a certain correlation between loneliness and social network abuse. For example, individuals with high fear of missing out are more likely to form serious problematic social media use behaviors. Many scholars study the relationship between loneliness and the use of social media in different groups, such as higher vocational students, college students and the elderly, and find that the excessive use of social media has a significant correlation or mediating effect on loneliness.


In the process of functioning of the organization there are not predictable situations, the result of which is the uncertainty of further strategic development. At the same time, most organizations are experiencing processes for the formation of new rules, procedures and standards of conduct. So we continuously form the corporate culture. At the same time, the latter is an effective form of adaptation of the organization to the new conditions of management. In this context, it should be noted that the effectiveness of the organization's business determines the spectrum of factors, relating to the differentiated nature of the generation. An important problem in corporate culture is the study of scientific views on it and the application of universal approaches to its analysis, which involves the development of corporate strategy. These depart from the inappropriate corporate culture of subordination and promote the establishment of effective management of the organization. Problem of identifying the mechanisms existing in organizations which CEOs promote their ideas in order to obtain the necessary results, as well as ensuring stability, is important. Nowadays corporate culture confirms the relevance of its research. It allows qualitative substantiation of expediency of actions on realization of administrative corporate decisions in order to increase the effectiveness of management of the organization. Corporate culture is determined by the basis of what and how the organization's activities are carried out: what are the values and beliefs that they follow the leadership, which philosophy underlies key policies, which traditions the organization adheres to, the ethical norms that are mandatory for all, and what is the moral situation. Culture thus reflects the atmosphere in the organization and the style of its work. Bearing in mind that corporate culture is just a management tool, it cannot be perfect. In order to be effective, corporate culture has always support the mission, goals and specific strategy of organization development. However, the changes in the corporate culture require a high degree of management competence. In large organizations significant changes in corporate culture usually take from 3 to 5 years. In reality, it is much more difficult to change the existing corporate culture than to create new persuasion in the newly created organization.


SUMMARY To achieve on-demand drug delivery, we prepared an implantable pump actuated by static magnetic field (MDP). The device mainly consisted of a drug reservoir, cylindrical chamber and plunger made of poly (methyl methacrylate) (Figure 1). The drug was pumped when an external magnetic field was applied and removed: the plunger was pulled upward and downward, respectively, to push the drug outward via the aperture formed at the bottom of the pump. When there is no external magnetic field, the heads of a cylindrical chamber and a plunger, made of magnets, were attached to close the aperture, thereby no drug release. Therefore, in this work, we could vary the amount of delivered drug by controlling the number of apertures and actuations. When the pump was implanted in Sprague Dawley(SD) rats for 30 days, the drug could be detected in the blood plasma only when the pump was actuated. Therefore, we conclude that the MDP has a high potential for on-demand, pulsatile drug release.


Young adults shopped for music compact disks in a five store simulated Internet mall. In stock probability in all stores was constant at 0.80, but each store was associated with either a 0.5, 2, 4, 8, or 16 second to a feedback message indicating whether a particular disk was in stock or out of stock at that time. Working under a successive choice schedule, in Phase I subjects' behavior was in quantitative concordance with the Delay-Reduction Hypothesis (DRH), and in Phase II, when a changeover delay was added, subjects' behavior conformed more closely to the predictions of the DRH. Hyperbolic discount functions provided the best fit to the data. This study extends the synthesis of foraging theory and operant psychology, known as behavioral ecology, to human consumption in an affluent post-industrial culture, and provides the basis for an experimental analysis of human consumption. Extensions to research in consumer behavior, marketing strategy, and behavior on Internet services are proposed. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


The author compares the closed-loop method and the substitution method with bulk current injection in the standard ISO 11451 for immunity test of the whole vehicle,discusses the norm of testing instrument and the implement of severe levels and studies the influence of the distance between two current probes on the measurement result.


This paper critiques the current dominant approach to the achievement of a sustainable world as is evident in the broad national and international political sphere, and as is advocated by the business community, namely 'reformist' based sustainable development. Although focusing on the business sector, the findings of this critique are equally as relevant to other social actors in their pursuit of sustainable world outcomes, including governments, religious organisations, educational institutions, NGOs, communities, families, and individuals. The paper argues that the reformist sustainable world approach is challenging to believe as credible. Rather than helping society achieve needed change, this approach instead creates a false sense of progress that acts as a barrier to the more decisive action that is necessary to address the underlying drivers of humanity's unsustainable behaviours. Further, some of the core technology strategies advocated by this dominant sustainability approach have flowon effects that can work against the very objectives these strategies seek to achieve. The paper concludes by offering a way forward for the business sector by it embracing a more transformational sustainable world approach in both its internal activities and in its advocacy in the broader public and political space.


As an active radar system, synthetic aperture radar (SAR) is often affected by different types of strong, complex, and variable electromagnetic interferences, which severely degrades the final imaging performance. Thus, how to effectively detect and suppress complex electromagnetic interferences is a crucial challenge currently. In this article, we propose a self-supervised learning interference suppression method based on deep learning, including interference localization filtering and radar signal recovery. First, we construct a novel convolutional autoencoder (CAE) deep-learning model—LocNet via the proposed optimization criterion, which is utilized to detect and locate the interference for subsequent filtration. Aiming at the issue of signal loss in the filtering process that is generally ignored in the current literature, we then reconstruct a novel U-Net neural network model—RecNet for the low-loss recovery of signal. Compared with the traditional parametric/nonparametric anti-interference methods, the most significant advantage of our method is that it overcomes the requirement for interference priori information, which is more consistent with the actual situation, and effectively solves the target information loss. Furthermore, since no interference information is involved in the training process (self-supervised training), our method applies to multiple types of interference rather than a specific one. Moreover, with our method, interference detection and suppression can be achieved simultaneously instead of separating the two steps as in existing literature. Measured and simulated SAR interference-contaminated (IF-contaminated) data test results validate the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed method.


Research on the impact of class size on student success has primarily been conducted in a K-12 context. In this paper, we look to extend this research to higher education by examining two cohorts of students in the multidisciplinary QUEST Honors Program at the University of Maryland. QUEST students, who have academic backgrounds in engineering, business, and science, take three required, cohort-based courses in addition to two elective courses with other students at the University. In 2013, the QUEST Honors Program switched from cohorts (class sizes) of approximately 65 students to cohorts of approximately 45 students. This paper examines the impact of class size on two proxies of student success, the assessment of individual-level student learning outcomes and final course grades. This longitudinal data was obtained from two cohorts of different sizes in two of the program's required courses. The comparison of learning outcomes assessment data and student grades across various class-size conditions enabled the authors to evaluate the impact of class size on two elements that could indicate student success.


Using the expert opinion of more than 30 professionals, this Delphi study set out to develop a set of assistive technology competencies for teachers of students with visual impairments. The result of the study was the development of a highly reliable and valid set of 111 assistive technology competencies.


The ancient Egyptians produced statuettes for ducks, ibises and hens since the time of Naqada I and Naqada II. They produced statuette and figurines for those birds not only as birds but also as domestic applications such as amulets, jars, spoons, combs and cosmetic boxes. The designs and materials used are investigated with analysis of each item for dimensions, beauty aspects and present location (if known)


Fibrosis in the liver can result in portal hypertension and structural changes, eventually progressing to cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinoma. Liver fibrosis is caused by the activation of liver hepatic stellate cells. Treatment of liver fibrosis may involve the induction of apoptosis or prevention of activation of activated hepatic stellate cells. A novel therapeutic strategy for treating liver fibrosis caused by hepatic stellate cells may be developed through complementary and alternative therapies. Therefore, in this article, we discuss recent investigations into the complementary and alternative medicine as a means of preventing and treating liver fibrosis.


Mobile edge computing (MEC) can improve the quality of services and save the bandwidth of backhual networks, by placing application services in the base stations (BSs), which are endowed with computing resources and are in close proximity to user equipments (UEs). Since the capacity of an individual BS is limited, only a small number of service instances can be allowed for each BS at the same time. Meanwhile, in a densely deployed network, the coverage areas of adjacent BSs are overlapped. Therefore, these capacity-limited BSs can collaboratively optimize their service placements to improve the performance of MEC. In this paper, we investigate the collaborative service placement (CSP) problem in MEC, which aims to minimize the traffic load caused by service request forwarding. The CSP problem involves several difficult issues, including correlations of adjacent BSs' service placement decisions, joint service placement and UE association, and joint allocation of computing and radio resources. This makes the CSP problem be a complex combinatorial optimization problem. To solve the CSP problem, we propose an efficient decentralized algorithm based on the Matching Theory. It can optimize the decisions of service placement and BS-UE association for BSs, according to local interactions between BSs and UEs. Our proposed algorithm is practical for large-size networks, and its effectiveness is demonstrated by the simulation results.


The article applies systemic and analytical approaches to study the self-consciousness and the ways of its development. The author makes a conclusion that the self-consciousness is a complex multi-component open self-regulatory system, each component of which has a furcate structure with interrelated elements. The research of self-consciousness appears to be inho-mogeneous, since cognitive and emotional components of the self-consciousness are investigated thoroughly, while the behavioural component remains poorly studied.


Background: IO was found to be highly active in pts with refractory-relapsed ALL, with an overall response rate of 58% and a median survival of 6.3 months (mos). Identifying factors associated with different outcomes on IO therapy may help select patients for this treatment and advice of prognosis. Methods: A total of 89 pts treated with IO on previous studies were analyzed. IO was given at 1.3-1.8 mg/m 2 IV x 1 every 3-4 weeks or weekly (0.8 mg/m 2 Day 1, 0.5 mg/m2 Days 8 and 15) every 3-4 weeks. Pretreatment factors associated with achieving marrow complete response (CR) and with survival were analyzed using standard statistical methods. Results: Baseline characteristics of the 89 pts are summarized in Table 1. Overall, 17 pts (19%) achieved CR, 29 (33%) had CRp, and 6 pts (7%) had bone marrow CR with incomplete recovery (Cri). 5 pts (6%) died within 4 weeks of starting therapy. The ORR was 58%. The rate of cytogenetic CR by morphologic responses was as follows: 8 cytogenetic CR/10 morphologic CR (80%); 16 cytogenetic CR/22 morphologic CRp (73%); and 4 cytogenetic CR/4 morphologic CRi (100%). The median survival of patients with at least marrow CR was 9 mos versus 3.4 mos for those without marrow CR (p Conclusion: Our current analyses identified a subset of adult pts with ALL in whom outcome of therapy with IO can be differentially predicted. Disclosures Kadia: GSK: Research Funding; ARIAD: Honoraria. Hagop: ARIAD: Research Funding; Pfizer: Research Funding; Amgen: Research Funding.


W E D N E S D A Y P M transport, then air-annealed at different temperatures transform the bound exciton emission. Specifically, the I4 intensity decreases significantly as annealing temperature increases. Conversely, this I4 emission increases dramatically with hydrogenation, regaining almost all the intensity lost due to anneali ng. To detect Hall variations, given the small tens of nanometers SIMS-measured penetration depth of the H-plasma ions, we employed two approaches: (1) reducing the initial bulk carrier concentration by compensating via Li in-diffusion, (2) using an epitaxial thin film of ZnO on sapphire to minimize the thickness of the conductive layer relative to the diffusion depth of hydrogen species. Li doping removed the I4 line and subsequent hydrogenation reintroduced broader emission in the I4 region. Li doping removed the initial >1017 cm-3 carrier concentration whereas hydrogenation restored detection of the conductivity and Hall coefficient. For a hydrogenated thin film grown on sapphire by molecular beam epitaxy, we observed an order of magnitude increase from ~ 2x1017 to 2x1018 cm-3 in the number of donors created by hydrogenation. Thus remote hydrogen plasma treatment can control ZnO transport and excitonic properties. Fu rthermore, it identifies the shallow donor with a hydrogen-related impurity.1. C.G. Van de Walle, Phys. Rev. Lett. v. 85, 1012 (2000).


Precambrian rocks in the Midcontinent region have been of interest for many years, perhaps partly because of their inaccessibilty under a cover of Paleozoic and younger rocks. At first samples of the material brought up by deep borings were, because of their paucity, treated for the most part as curiosities. Now, as data on the nature and distribution of Precambrian rock types accumulate, it is possible to better understand the geologic history of the area.


Stift und Stadt. Das Heiliggrabpriorat von Santa Anna und das Regular kanonikerstift Santa Eulalia del Camp im mittelalterlichen Barcelona (1145-1423). By Nikolas Jaspert. [Berliner Historische Studien, Band 24. Ordernsstudien, X.] (Berlin: Duncker & Humblot. 1996. Pp. 575; 21 maps, 5 tables and graphs. DM 138.00 paperback.) This substantial work, initially Nikolas Jaspert's doctoral dissertation directed by Professor Kaspar Elm and defended in 1994 at the Freie Universitat in Berlin, matured well beyond this stage to be placed by Professor Joachim Ehlers into the Berliner Historische Studien series as the tenth volume about religious orders in the Middle Ages. Rather than a traditional institutional history of one house or the other, this study aims at an histoire totale in the ethnographical style of New Cultural History, integrating the entwined histories of both houses, the Knights of the Holy Sepulchre Priory of Sta. Anna and the Canons Regular convent of Sta. Eulalia, into the fabric of medieval Barcelonan daily life and vibrant civic culture. It is this combination of detail and intricate locality with broader contextualization of the Mediterranean world of the Crusades that is this study's strength. Despite the uniformity attributed by themselves and others to religious and military orders and their official identity, the Canons, Knights, their patrons and beneficiaries, formed intricate communities larger than their houses. These were not artificial, esoteric pre-organized coherent religious movements imported from some far-off inspirational centers, but were spontaneous and self-organizing, indigenous and semi-autonomous, brotherhoods that through affiliation grew into multi-type organizations and far-flung corporations that were highly influential in urban affairs and those of state for more than two centuries. In his introductory chapter and tabular form in his appended source references,Jaspert lays out the archival fonds of Sta. Anna from the Arxiu Diocesa de Barcelona (ADB) which begin in the early 1140's during the resurgence of the crusade against the Muslim Ebro fortress kingdoms of Ilerda and Tortosa and subsequent major expansion of Arago-Catalunya and during the continuing struggle in the Holy Land. These records double in annual production after the 1220's and the Crown's expansion toward Valencia, reaching a crescendo in the 1330-1340's before the decline of the archives in 1350 and the end of the series in 1423 with the union of the priories and Sta. Anna and Sta. Eulalia-the terminus of Jaspert's study. In all, 3,181 originals and 688 transumpts or official copies from the Sta. Anna archives are analyzed in thirty-five diplomatic categories. Their data are augmented by gleanings from twenty other archives, especially the parchment series of the Royal Chancery in the Arxiu Corona d'Arago (ACA) for political context, the see of Barcelona's grand cartulary or Libri Antiquitatum in the cathedral archives, and the ADB's Registra Communium. Jaspert also relied on the more than one hundred published collections of transcribed documents that exist for this region. Jaspert supplies an extensive but not exhaustive fifty-page bibliography of the pertinent secondary literature which admirably crosses all language and political barriers (including contributions from the flourishing American school of medievalists too often ignored by peninsular historians). A larger bibliography exists, of course, for the Canons Regular, the new military and reformed monastic orders, and other religious movements in southern France and northeastern Spain, that could provide even more breadth for this local and regional study. One might have expected its findings to have been related to established generalizations in such institutional surveys for the peninsula as those by Luis G. de Valdeavellano or more regionally by J. M. Font i Rius, or the economic perspectives by J. Vicens Vives. The bibliography itself is presented in a vademecum style, a hybrid Social Science and Humanities system of its own, with short author-title-page references to the full citations in the bibliography. …


LBL-14070 UC·34C CONF-81 1078 Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA APSjDivision of Nuclear Physics Fall Meeting, Asilomar Conference Grounds, Pacific Grove, CA, October 27-30, 1981 PROCEEDINGS OF THE FIRST CONFERENCE ON NUCLEAR STRUCTURE DATA BVALUATION April 1982 TWO-WEEK LOAN COpy This is a Library Circulating Copy which may be borrowed for two weeks. For a personal retention copy} call Tech. Info. Division} Ext. 6782. r- cJ~ .-f~~\ f<\ '--_I Prepared for the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC03-76SF00098


Co-simulation refers to simulating a complex system using several coupled numerical models. Engineers define the rate of data exchange between the models by setting communication steps. FMI is a standardized interface which easily allows coupling and co-simulation of numerical models. The RCOSIM approach allows the parallelization on multi-core processors of co-simulations using the FMI standard. In this paper, we tackle the limitations of this approach. First, we extend the co-simulation to multi-rate, i.e. with different communication steps. We present graph transformation rules and an algorithm that allow the execution of each model at its respective rate while ensuring correct data exchange between models. Second, we present an acyclic orientation heuristic for handling mutual exclusion constraints between operations that belong to the same model due to the non-thread-safe implementation of FMI. We evaluate the obtained speedup on a multi-core processor and the effect on the accuracy of the numerical results.


The invention relates to a method and an apparatus for starting an internal combustion engine having a rotation angle of the crankshaft wavy verlaufendem total torque by means of a rotating electric machine coupled to the crank shaft and between the crankshaft and the electric machine effective torsional elasticity. In order to enable a start of the internal combustion engine having a relation to the crankshaft low squat or with an optimized on small power electric machine especially in large sum of moments, the standing between two wave crests of the sum torque crankshaft is at the start of a starting process using the electric motor opposite a direction of rotation of the crankshaft during operation the internal combustion engine is rotated by a predetermined rotation angle smaller than a maximum total torque and total torque biased torsional elasticity and subsequently accelerated under direction of rotation by means of the electric machine to overcome the maximum total torque.


Public/private partnerships have made good progress in Germany over the past 15 years in the fields of long-distance roads and building construction. Given, inter alia, that not enough funding is available for the projects to provide rail with the capacities defined as necessary for it, the new procurement model is now to be applied to rail too, which will hopefully benefit from the advantages associated with it. Germany's European neighbours are already setting an example as regards how that might work. The coalition agreement, on which Germany's current federal government is based, also contains the correct approaches in this respect. In the initial implementation phase, the ball is in the court of those in political power to create the necessary organisational and legal framework conditions.