Matt Erlin, Necessary Luxuries: Books, Literature, and the Culture of Consumption in Germany, 1770-1815. Ithaca, NY: Cornell UP and Cornell University Library, 2014. 264 pp.For anyone who has wondered why German literature is not much fun, this book yields suggestive hints, even though that is not the author's declared aim. The primary concern is with the "question of whether artistic pursuits have any demonstrable value for society at all" (1). The main title's witty contradiction underscores the debate about whether literature was a productive contribution to society or whether it was a frivolity contributing to wasteful consumption of luxury goods. The subtitle of this well-written book clearly announces the topic: "Books, Literature, and the Culture of Consumption in Germany, 1770-1815." The term "Germany" follows popular convention; the dates bracket the turn of the century and highlight the decades when the debates were particularly intense. The references to books and literature do not obscure the fact that this is a cultural studies project, aligning itself with, among others, Karin Wurst's Fabricating Pleasure: Fashion, Entertainment and Cultural Consumption in Germany, 1780-1830 (2005) and Daniel Purdy's The Tyranny of Elegance: Consumer Cosmopolitanism in the Era of Goethe (1998), both of which Erlin cites frequently and approvingly.The introduction and the first three chapters develop the outlines of the contemporary, primarily but not exclusively German, discourses on luxury. The rise in the consumption of goods beyond the necessities of life awakened many anxieties and criticisms, especially on the part of philosophers and political economists. Erlin does a good job of presenting the relevant ideas by examining figures like Ferdinand Friedrich Pfeiffer (Probschrift von dem Luxus, 1779), Joseph Sonnenfels, Christoph Meiners, and Isaak Iselin, many of whom are hardly known to students of literature.Chapter 2 is a foray into material culture, concentrating on the production of extravagant editions of books, such as Wieland's Musarion published in Vienna in 1808. High-quality paper, typesetting, and binding underscored that books could become luxury commodities, giving concrete ties to the aesthetic issues. Oddly enough, however, the copies of Musarion were destined not for the market but to be given as gifts to win favor for the publisher. Chapter 3 turns to the debates about the rage for reading at the end of the eighteenth century and the dangers it was thought to pose for the reader's mental and social equilibrium. The luxury of reading was seen as a threat to the hierarchical order of society and to the psychic stability of individuals.Against this background Erlin turns to the examination of specific texts. All are prose works; neither poetry nor dramas are considered. As might be expected, the works have been selected because they show influences of the discussions about books and luxury consumption. …


The thought of Mao Zedong is an invaluable cultural legacy of the world. As a wise aesthetician, Mao's wisdom can be analyzed from three aspects: the exploration of the ultimate value; the transcendent in spirit and the natural and unrestrained attitude life.


A well-managed formulary provides pharmacy managers with opportunities for decreasing drug expenditures. Therapeutic interchange constitutes one of the many programs under a formulary system which may yield cost savings as improved patient outcomes. The process of therapeutic interchange is described and compared with therapeutic substitution and generic substitution. A procedure for developing and implementing a therapeutic interchange program is presented with case studies.


This study aimed to determine the process of adoption and use of ICTs by the ceramics craftsmen and businessmen and also pottery at the Pottery Center in Kasongan, Bantu/, Yogyakarta. This research use Qualitative approach with a constructivist paradigm. Research methodology is case study, with the assumption of JCT as a new media especially the Internet in the process of adoption of innovation it takes time to be utilized properly and effectively. Stages of adoption process started from the knowledge acquired informally on the internet, from face to face communication with people who understand the Internet, to the decision to use it was fully decided by the artisans themselves. The study s findings, such as, the use of JCT to access the Internet by the craftsmen is still very limited. The use of internet is usually for e-mail, browsing to find the design of ceramic art in a globalized world, as well as for promotion of ceramic art products. Kasongan ceramic products are mainly for export markets (US., Europe, Korea, Canada, Malaysia) and less for the domestic market (Jakarta, Denpasar, Malang). Routinely, Dinasperindagkop Kab. Bantu/ implement training programs in production engineering and design for the craftsmen to improve the quality of the ceramic products. Kasongan ceramics center area is growing through the concept of Ge/em Kaji, which consists of 3 supporters in the surrounding area (center accessories, leather, pottery and stone sculpture) they all come together as a region center for a more comprehensive Kasongan ceramic products.


During the ten years before the Anti Japanese War, China and Germany established close relations in political, economic, and military fields, based on respective interests. However, as far as its Chinese and Japanese policy was concerned, there were two groups inside the German government. One group advocated cooperation with China, and the other regarded Japan as an ally of future war. After Japan unleashed a full scale war against China, Germany gradually showed favour towards Japan and its interests in China had to be subordinate to its strategy of expansion in Europe. In order to maintain its interest in China, Germany,once as a mediator, expected sino Japanese conflict to be solved peacefully. The failture of Trautman mediation marked the turning point of Sino German relations from cooperation to split.


The theory of the $I\text{\ensuremath{-}}V$ characteristics in a diffusive superconductor/weak ferromagnet/superconductor junction is developed. We show that the exchange field $h$ of the ferromagnet manifests itself as an additional conductance peak at $eV\ensuremath{\sim}\ensuremath{\Delta}+h$ in the phase-coherent regime, when the Thouless energy is of the order of superconducting order parameter. The excess current exhibits nonmonotonous dependence on the exchange field and nontrivial temperature behavior, which is strongly influenced by the temperature dependence of the exchange field.


The traditional induction motor vector control model doesn′t refer to the iron loss equivalent resistance.As a result,the rotator flux positioning is not precise.This paper first analyzed the vector control of the iron loss equivalent model,then presented series iron loss models and dealt with the influence of equivalent resistance of iron loss on the decouple control of vector control including the error of rotor flux caused by ignoring iron loss.The proposed method was verified by simulation results.


Molecular dynamics calculations were carried out in single crystal magnesium specimens to reveal the dependence of strain rate, temperature, and orientation of the crystal on damage evolution as defined by pore growth. Two specific crystallographic orientations [0001] and were examined. During a [0001] tensile test, twin boundaries developed at the void surface leading to a constraint on the crystallographic orientation. On the other hand, during the tensile deformation, emission of shear loops in the prismatic slip planes arose when void growth initiated. Furthermore, analysis of the damage components (nucleation, growth and coalescence) revealed that a large number of small voids nucleated that rapidly grew and fractured the specimens independent of the temperature and the strain rate.


Tin‐based oxide Li2SnO3 has been synthesized by a hydrothermal route as negative material for lithium‐ion batteries. The microstructure and electrochemical properties of the as‐synthesized materials were investigated by some characterizations means and electrochemical measurements. The as‐synthesized Li2SnO3 is a porous rod, which is composed of many uniform and regular nano‐flakes with a size of 50–60 nm. Li2SnO3 also displays an electrochemical performance with high capacity and good cycling stability (510.2 mAh g−1 after 50 cycles at a current density of 60 mA g−1 between 0.0 V and 2.0 V verusus Li/Li+). Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Pharmaceutical equipment and process design was the important compulsory for pharmacy students.The defects existed in the course were analyzed in terms of the current teaching model,teaching content,and so on.From the viewpoint of demands of the modern pharmaceutical enterprises,the needs for training pharmaceutical engineering specialty talents,and the development of pharmaceutical engineering specialty,some ideas and ways of teaching reform were proposed,such as,using the new teaching methods and means,organizing the teaching content rationally,strengthening the practice teaching,so as to improve the teaching quality and strengthen the students' engineering thinking and GMP idea.


Part I: Conceptual Framework 1. Management Effectiveness and Corporate Social Responsibility 2. The Stakeholder Model of Corporate Social Responsibility 3. Ethics of Business Decision Making 4. Strategic Social Responsibility Part II: Corporate Governance 5. Managing the Business-Government Relationship I: Regulation of Business Enterprise and the Relation of the Enterprise to its Competitors 6. Managing the Business - Government Relationship II: Innovation and Emerging Technologies 7. Managing the Supply Chain 8. The Business Consumer Relationship 9. Sustainable Environmental Management 10. Relationship of the Enterprise to its Employees 11. Global Labor Markets 12. Corporate Governance Part III: Conclusions and Lessons 13. Corporate Responsibility-What Went Wrong? Lessons from the Dark Side 14. Corporate Governance, Social Responsibility and Organizational Effectiveness: The Bottom Line


In this paper we study the problem of efficiently and effectively extracting induced planar subgraphs. Edwards and Farr proposed an algorithm with O(mn) time complexity to find an induced planar subgraph of at least 3n/(d+1) vertices in a graph of maximum degree d. They also proposed an alternative algorithm with O(mn) time complexity to find an induced planar subgraph graph of at least 3n/(bar{d}+1) vertices, where bar{d} is the average degree of the graph. These two methods appear to be best known when d and bar{d} are small. Unfortunately, they sacrifice accuracy for lower time complexity by using indirect indicators of planarity. A limitation of those approaches is that the algorithms do not implicitly test for planarity, and the additional costs of this test can be significant in large graphs. In contrast, we propose a linear-time algorithm that finds an induced planar subgraph of n-nu vertices in a graph of n vertices, where nu denotes the total number of vertices shared by the detected Kuratowski subdivisions. An added benefit of our approach is that we are able to detect when a graph is planar, and terminate the reduction. The resulting planar subgraphs also do not have any rigid constraints on the maximum degree of the induced subgraph. The experiment results show that our method achieves better performance than current methods on graphs with small skewness.


This article analyzes and explains performance by standard scores in educational statistical method,so as to determine the relative positions of various scores in the whole,compare and combine scores of different subjects and achieve the goal of overcoming the limitation of original scores.


Taxation reformation in 1984 made PBB became one of the most contributing tax for government's receipts. So did BPHTB which had officially became one of the Government's receipts in 1997. Regional autonomy era nowadays gives a bigger power for regional government to full and arrange each of its own regional revenues. Both PBB and BPHTB are central taxes that enjoyed more by the regional government. From 2002 until 2006, receipts of PBB and BPHTB at Kabupaten Serang was never beyond or even reached the receipts's plans before. The collections from PBB which was given to regional from central government was the collections of countries and cities. The collections is done through the PBB Intensification Team which is made based on Surat Keputusan Bupati Serang. Collections of BPHTB entangling PPAT/Notaris as a taxpayer facilitator. Based on the results of analysis, it can be concluded that there are a lot of problems in collecting PBB at countries and cities sectors, especially based on the main rules of groups book I and main rules of groups book II-V. There is a PBB collection's officer doing insincerity by not reporting taxpayer who already pays their taxes. There are also not enough officers in collecting PBB book II-V. Loose of supervision towards PPAT/Notaris reports. Those situations above could decrease the receipts of PBB and BPHTB. So that, it needed actions from Kabupaten Serang Regional Government to maximize receipts from PBB and BPHTB. The increase of PBB and BPHTB receipts will also increase the Kabupaten Serang Regional Government's revenues.


Current political developments have not only been interpreted by Muslim religious scholars and individual laymen as signs, which inaugurate the end of time (ashrāṭ al-sā 'a ), but these eschatological interpretations have also been and still are being instrumentalized by various religious and political groups. Among them, for example, the IS (dawn islāmiyya ) in Iraq and Syria, which has inaugurated an eschatological fear that is mirrored in numerous online discussion forums and online publications. Especially in social media and grey literature, motifs and figures that appear at the end of time according to the aḥādīth  and the Qur'an, are often reinterpreted and synthesised with other sources, ideologies, worldview and conspiracy theories. The article explores these narrative reconfigurations, focusing on these central motifs or figures: the Dajjāl and its apocalyptic antagonist, the Mahdī, tribulations and trials (fiat ) and the political victory over a perceived enemy. It reveals that the "end" and the last things identified in these narratives are often reinterpreted as a political turn and change in the here and now through spatial and historical reconfigurations. We argue that the functions of these narratives are manifold: They can provide a simple orientation by means of a clear cut dualistic identification of good and evil, or they can offer meaning to otherwise hardly understandable or bearable events. They can also act as a call for political action in a declared sacral conflict.


The era of fake news, media manipulation and information wars has been beneficent to the lasting fame and continuous acclaim of George Orwell's 1984. The novel, published in 1949, influences to the present day the terminology of various political and social analysts through the use of its fictional language called "Newspeak". The question arises - can the inner connections of the concepts present in Orwell's 1984, when analysing the text on a semantic level of the words in their contextual environment, be used to further the understanding of the inner-workings of the novel's language itself? More specifically, the aim of this paper is to examine whether a reader without knowledge of the subject of a fictional work of art, exemplified by Orwell's 1984, could gain deeper comprehension of the text just from analysing word vector representations, without the use of external resources and only through an overview of the established similarities on the semantic level of words in a given text. In fact, word vector representations, as a form of word embeddings in a vector space model, are a machine learning technique sometimes applied in natural language processing, which attempts to identify semantically similar words.


Objective
To assess the effect and feasibility of group reminiscence therapy on depression in the elderly.

Methods
We searched the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials( -2013), Medline (1982-2013), Embase (1974-2013), AMED (-2013), CINAHL(-2013), CMB(1994-2013), VIP, CNKI and Wanfang to collect the randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in which the group reminiscence therapy was used to treat depression in elderly patients.The studies were selected according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria by two reviewers, and the quality of included studies was evaluated according to Cochrane Handbook and performed meta-analyses by using the Cochrane Collaboration's RevMan 5.2 software.

Results
A total of 10 RCTs involving 944 patients were included. The results of meta-analysis showed that as compared with conventional treatment, group reminiscence therapy on the basis of conventional treatment was more effective in decreasing depression score〔MD=–4.86, 95%CI(–5.10, –4.65)〕. Compared with psychological counseling, group reminiscence therapy had more effect on decreasing depression score〔MD=–9.34, 95%CI(–10.77,–7.91)〕. There was no significant difference in the dropout rate between group reminiscence therapy and other control treatments〔RR=1.22, 95%CI (0.79–1.88)〕. The descriptive analysis showed that group reminiscence therapy was effective in alleviating the symptoms of depression.

Conclusions
Group reminiscence therapy can improve the symptoms of depression in elderly patients and conforms to the principle of economic benefit. However, the results should be interpreted with caution because of the low quality of the included studies.

Key words:
Psychotherapy; Depressive disorder; Systematic review; Meta-analysis


The effect on spermatogenesis of intratesticular and subcutaneous immunization with genital-tract fluids of bulls was studied in sexually mature guinea pigs rabbits and sheep. Considerable degenerative changes and aspermatogenesis were found in the testis of guinea pigs and rabbits which received an intratesticular injection of the seminal vesicle fluid of bulls (SVFB). The infection of the ampullar fluid of sexually mature bulls (AFB) into guinea pigs also had the same effect. In the majority of animals only the injected testis showed degenerative changes while the other remained unaffected. The changes following intratesticular injection of SVFB were usually irreversible. Subcutaneous (sc) injection of SVFB was followed in some animals by a significant decrease in the index weight of testes (compared with controls) and aspermatogenesis. Damage was not alleviated when SVFB was absorbed by ampullar spermatozoa. In rams the damage to the testes was of a temporary reversible character. In the guinea pigs and rabbits it appeared that the damage caused by sc injections of SVFB was usually temporary. In all animals immunized subcutaneously identical circulating antibodies were found as were in animals with damaged testes and in animals with normal testes. They did not cause spermagglutination immobilization or spermatotoxic reactions. No circulating antibodies could be found in guinea pigs and rabbits immunized by a single intratesticular injection.


Contributions to Z. Naturforsch. C, Biosciences, may be (i) original papers, (ii) research notes not exceeding two pages in print and (iii) reports on current research of special interest. Two copies of each contribution should be sent to Dr. Contributors are encouraged to suggest possible reviewers of their papers. The manuscript should be type written using double spacing throughout. The title should be concise but informative. The names of the authors, with first names and initials, and of the Institution where the work was cärried out follow the title. A running title with not more than 60 characters should be indicated if the title is longer than this. In a footnote on the first page, please give an address for reprint requests. The title, a selfconsistant abstract, suitable for direct use by the abstracting Journals (no references to the main text), and five keywords, all in English, must precede the main text of each contribution. The main text should meet the highest Standards as to novelty of the material, Organization and conciseness. A qualified colleague and, if the text is in a foreign language, a person who thoroughly knows it, should have been given the opportunity to check the paper before its Submission for publication. References and footnotes should be numbered (e.g. [1]) and listed at the end of the paper (e. Tables with the appropriate captions and a list of the figure legends should follow at the end of the paper. Allowance should be made for the reduetion in printing of the drawings (line thickness, lettering!). Original drawings larger than 21 x30cm should be replaced by copies of reduced size, when the manuscript is submitted and only be sent in when the manuscript is aeeepted. On all illustrations, the figure number and the author's name must be written in pencil. The authors will reeeive page proofs. Changes in the text after aeeeptance of the paper and drawings not fit for direct reproduetion cause delay and create extra costs which may be charged to the author. 50 reprints are free of Charge. The subscription prices per year are for normal subscribers: Section A Section B Section C DM 485.-DM 570.-DM405.-for authors and their institutions if they order directly from the publishers: Section A Section B Section C DM 388.-DM 456.-DM 324.-plus postage and handling Section A Section B Section C DM35.-DM35.-DM25.-Single copies and back-numbers are available. Subscriptions will remain Standing …


An n-(CH)/LiClO4/p-(CH) battery (1.0 M LiClO4 in propylene carbonate) prepared by passing 2.14 C (dopant concentration y=0.072) exhibited an open-circuit voltage of 3.5 V and an initial short-circuit current of 28 mA ((CH)x electrode; ∼4 mg). Experimental energy density of 424 W-hr/Kg (at a stored charge of 10.8 C (y=0.364), a liberated charge of 4.52 C and a mean voltage of 2.7 V) was obtained based on the weight of the (CH)x film (both electrodes; ∼8 mg). No degradation of the polyacetylene battery was observed even after 2000 successive charge/discharge cycles, each cycle consisting of a 10 min discharge at a constant resistance of 50 kΩ and a 10 min charge at 0.1 mA (a stored charge of 0.06 C (y=0.002)).


[Problem] To provide an encoder apparatus capable of obtaining multi-rotation information using a simple structure. [Solution] An encoder apparatus (EC) is provided with a first encoder (1) for detecting the rotational position of a first shaft (AX1), a second encoder (2) for detecting the rotational position of a second shaft (AX2) rotating at a fixed speed ratio in relation to the first shaft (AX1), and a detection unit (4) for carrying out calculation processing on the basis of the rotational position detected by the first encoder (1) and the rotational position detected by the second encoder (2) and detecting multi-rotation information for the first shaft (AX1) on the basis of the calculation results.


The objectives of this work are to research the effective parameters of pulse ON time; pulse OFF time; voltage & wire feed whereas machined on Nitronic-60 exploitation wire-cut discharge machining exploitation zinc-coated wire. During this work, metal removal rate, surface roughness, and kerfwidth are taken as output parameters. The experimental results planned an optimum combination of parameters that provide the utmost material removal rate, minimum surface roughness, and kerf dimension. Finally, confirmation experiments were disbursed to spot the effectiveness of the planned technique. Multivariate analysis and ANOVA are performed exploitation Response Surface Linear Model.


One of the major issue for policy makers is handling with continues increase in the level of unemployment in Pakistan. Thus forecasting unemployment rate is imperative to policy makers. This study aims to explore the best forecasting model among ARIMA, ARFIMA and exponential smoothing for forecasting unemployment. Secondly this study analyzed unemployment using time series techniques, measured long & short run relationship with population growth, labor force participation rate and crop production, and also investigated the causality between unemployment and other variables. Time series data ranging from 1965 to 2014 is collected from Pakistan Economic Survey for analysis. This study evaluate the forecasting performance of three models by using the forecast accuracy criterion such mean absolute error (MAE), mean absolute percentage error (MAPE), root mean square error (RMSE) and Theil's U statistics. Double Exponential Smoothing model is chosen as a best forecasted model for unemployment rate on the basis of forecast accuracy criterion. Augmented Dickey Fuller (ADF) and Phillips-Perron (PP) test is used for checking stationarity in the variables. At level the variables were non stationary and become stationary at first difference. The results of Johnson cointegration and Vector Error Correction model (VECM) indicated that there exists long & short run cointegration relationship between unemployment rate and other variables. Granger Causality test shows bi-directional causality running from crop production toward population growth.


Though breastfeeding initiation is high in China, exclusivity is rare. The study objective was to explore perceived indicators and causes of perceived insufficient milk (PIM) supply among Chinese mothers. A convenience sample, consisting of 392 mothers of healthy infants (<12 months of age), completed a questionnaire in a Maternal and Child Hospital in Chengdu, China. Three hundred and forty one surveys were considered eligible for analysis. Breastfeeding initiation (defined as ever offering the breast) was high (95.3%). However, 54.2% of mothers reported experiencing PIM, with 43.9% of these mothers reporting PIM occurring within 2 days postpartum. Primary maternal indicators of PIM were not feeling the presence of milk in the breast (36.9%), perceived lack of infant satiation after feeding (33.5%), and perceived post‐nursing infant fussiness (27.8%). Over one third of mothers reported not knowing what caused PIM (34.4%), 21.1% believed PIM to be caused by poor maternal appetite, and 13.1% believed a lack of maternal liquid intake to be the cause. PIM appears to be common among Chinese mothers, especially in the early post‐partum period, and it appears that mothers are using subjective indicators to reach this conclusion. Prenatal and early post‐partum interventions, assisting mothers to correctly assess milk supply, may result in improved exclusive breastfeeding rates in China.


Programmable mobile phones and personal digital assistants (PDAs) with microphones permit voicedriven user interfaces in which a user provides input by speaking. In this paper, we show how to exploit this capability to generate cryptographic keys on such devices. Speci cally, we detail our implementation of a technique to generate a repeatable cryptographic key on a PDA from a spoken passphrase. Rather than deriving the cryptographic key from merely the passphrase that was spoken| which would constitute little more than an exercise in automatic speech recognition|we strive to generate a substantially stronger cryptographic key with entropy drawn both from the passphrase spoken and how the user speaks it. Moreover, the cryptographic key is designed to resist cryptanalysis even by an attacker who captures and reverse-engineers the device on which this key is generated. We describe the major hurdles of achieving this on an o -theshelf PDA bearing a 206 MHz StrongArm CPU and an inexpensive microphone. We also evaluate our approach using multiple data sets, one recorded on the device itself, to clarify the e ectiveness of our implementation against various attackers.


The enantiomers of threo-dimethylamino-1-[4-(methylthio)phenyl]propane-1,3-diol (MTDP) were found to be effective resolving agents for trans-chrysanthemic acid (trans-ChA) on an industrial scale. (1S,2S)-(+)-MTDP and (1R,2R)-(−)-MTDP were revealed to be "blind" towards the enantiomers of cis-ChA. They work well on racemic and/or scalemic trans/cis mixtures of industrial production and are used in a stoichiometric amount with respect to the enantiomer of trans-ChA to be collected. Isopropyl ether is the solvent of choice, and it does not need the presence of co-solvents such as methanol to promote nucleation and crystal growth of the n salts as previously reported for threo-dimethylamino-1-[4-(nitro)phenyl]propane-1,3-diol (DMAD) enantiomers. X-ray crystal structures of the n salts of trans-ChA and MTDP revealed the peculiar features of two pseudopolymorphs. MTDP enantiomers are low cost, non-toxic, safe, and easily available from important precursors of thiamphenicol through a single straightforward reaction. After the resolution, they can be recovered almost quantitatively and reused without any loss of their chiral integrity. Similarities and differences of these resolving agents for trans-ChA with respect the behaviour of the enantiomers of DMAD and of the enantiomers of the parent compound, 1-phenyl-2-dimethylamino-1,3-propane-diol (DMPP), are shown in a comparative analysis of their performances.


The IEEE 802.11-based wireless local area networks (WLANs) are widely used for high-speed wireless data access. With the recent 802.11e quality-of-service (QoS) extension, realtime applications such as voice over IP and video streaming are finding their way to be running over WLANs. The recent 802.11n proposal aims to provide higher throughput support for bandwidth-intensive multimedia applications. It uses the multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) technology at the physical layer to increase the transmission rate. MIMO introduces several new features at the physical layer such as the spatial diversity and spatial multiplexing gains. These new characteristics at the wireless physical layer require corresponding adaptation at higher layers to achieve a better performance. This paper proposes a joint adaptation of the MIMO physical layer and the 802.11e MAC layer through the formulation of a network utility maximization problem. The MIMO configuration at the physical layer and the contention window sizes for different access categories' traffic at the MAC layer are jointly optimized. Simulations are carried out in the ns-2 simulator to show the effectiveness of the proposed method.


Resource constrained platforms, dynamic nature, and complex applications set challenges to the development of wireless sensor networks (WSN). Sophisticated tasking and networking control is required in WSNs to reach lifetimes in order of years. This paper presents a WSN node middleware, which controls task allocation and WSN topology according to the current requirements of the application. The middleware uses a lightweight algorithm that balances communication and computation load between nodes. The discovering of resources and application tasks are comprised by a tuple space that selectively disperses information to nodes. The middleware has been implemented and evaluated in a wireless sensor network simulator (WISENES) that models resource usage and network operation accurately. The results show that in a static network configuration the obtained lifetime with our middleware is 6.8 times longer compared to an uncontrolled network while the increase in processing is negligible and the peek data memory usage increases by 11.6%. In a dynamically changing network the lifetime increases by a factor 3.9. Our middleware does not limit the applications and networks and improves the performance and predictability of WSNs significantly


Today, the world has experienced a new trend with regard to data system management, traditional database management tools have become outdated and they will no longer be able to process the mass of data generated by different systems, that's why big data is there to process this mass of data to bring out crucial information hidden in this data, and without big data technologies the treatment is very difficult to manage; among the domains that uses big data technologies is vehicular ad-hoc network to manage their voluminous data. In this article, we establish in the first step a method that allow to detect anomalies or accidents within the road and compute the time spent in each road section in real time, which permit us to obtain a database having the estimated time spent in all sections in real time, this will serve us to send to the vehicles the right estimated time of arrival all along their journey and the optimal route to attain their destination. This database is useful to utilize it like inputs for machine learning to predict the places and times where the probability of accidents is higher. The experimental results prove that our method permits us to avoid congestions and apportion the load of vehicles in all roads effectively, also it contributes to road safety.


Abstract: Clonic seizures were induced in Swiss or DBA/2 mice by methyl‐6‐7‐dimethoxy‐4‐ethyl‐β‐carboline‐3‐carboxylate (DMCM), 0.048 mmol/kg i.p., or by methyl‐β‐carboline‐3‐carboxylate (β‐CCM), 0.044 mmol/kg i.p. Measurement of regional brain (cortex, hippocampus, striatum, and cerebellum) amino acid levels after 15 min of seizure activity showed increases in γ‐aminobutyric acid (GABA) (in all regions after β‐CCM, and in cortex and hippocampus after DMCM), and an increase in glycine in the striatum after β‐CCM. Aspartate levels fell (in cortex and hippocampus) after DMCM, but were unchanged in all regions after β‐CCM. Glutamate levels fell in cortex after β‐CCM and in striatum after DMCM. Pretreatment with the excitatory amino acid receptor antagonist, 2‐amino‐7‐phosphonoheptanoic acid, 0.5 mmol/kg i.p., 45 min prior to the β‐carboline, significantly increased the ED50 for DMCM‐induced clonic seizures (4.68 μmol/kg vs. 9.39 μmol/kg). Similar pretreatment did not significantly alter the ED50 for β‐CCM (4.22 μmol/kg vs. 6.6 μmol/kg). Pretreatment with 2‐amino‐7‐phosphonoheptanoic acid, 1.0 mmol/kg, blocked the increase in GABA content produced by DMCM but not the fall in cortical aspartate content. Potassium‐induced release of preloaded D‐[3H]aspartate from rat cortical or hippocampal minislices was enhanced in the presence of DMCM (100 μM). In contrast, stimulated release of D‐[3H]aspartate (from cortex or hippocampus) was not altered in the presence of β‐CCM (100 μM). Although DMCM and β‐CCM are both considered to induce convulsion by acting at the GABA‐benzodiazepine receptor complex, the convulsions differ in several pharmacological and biochemical respects. It is suggested that enhanced release of excitatory amino acid neurotransmitters plays a more important role in seizures induced by DMCM.


Preservation of anatomical specimens and animal products represents a current issue in terms of the need to maintain them for longer periods of time, and in view of certain religious precepts. Scientific progress has allowed the prevention of the decomposition of certain tissues, organs, cadavers, and so on, and this has become a necessity for many areas of biology, medical research in education centers. Currently there are multiple preservation techniques for anatomical preparations used in specialized laboratories, intended to meet certain quality standards, such preserving anatomical characteristics of living tissues, low costs involved in preparation and maintenance and reduced health risks in handling. The aim of this study was to evaluate the applicability of maceration and boiling techniques applied to the bird cadavers, from the perspective obtaining a complete skeleton. The research was carried out in the Laboratory of Comparative Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca. Each of the experimental techniques was applied to two bird cadavers. The obtained results show that the conservation technique through boiling has a high greater applicability because it does not require special equipment, the costs are reduced, however the risk of bone degradation is high, these being small and fragile. The maceration technique using insects from the Dermestes Maculatus genus, in the larval stage, has the advantages of obtaining a clean skeleton, without residual muscles fragments, this technique being also simple and easy to perform. The drawback of this technique is the prolonged time needed to obtain the desired effect.


BACKGROUND
The heterogenous composition of tumors is a major obstacle for the measurement of mRNA levels in cancer cells. We report here a combination of immunomagnetic purification of cancer cells and reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) that enables highly sensitive detection of multidrug resistance gene 1 (MDR1)-mRNA levels in human breast carcinoma cells obtained from fine needle aspirates (FNA).

EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN
Murine mAb 115D8 directed against episialin (MUC1/MAM6, epithelial membrane Ag) was used in combination with goat anti-mouse-coated magnetic microbeads to purify human T47D breast carcinoma cells (115D8+, MDR1-) from different mixtures with COLO320 human colon carcinoma cells (115D8-, MDR1+) and to purify carcinoma cells from FNA taken from axillary lymph node metastases in breast cancer patients. The efficacy of the purification was determined by FACS-analysis and by measurement of MDR1-mRNA levels by semiquantitative RT-PCR.

RESULTS
FACS-analysis demonstrated that T47D cells could be purified up to 99.8% from mixtures with COLO320 cells ranging from 3:1 to 1:3. The MDR1-mRNA level in these enriched mixtures, as detected by RT-PCR, was reduced 250-fold. It was demonstrated that MDR1 expression present in an FNA from a lymph node metastasis of breast carcinoma could be attributed completely to the leukocytes present in this FNA, because MDR1 expression was no longer detectable after purification of the tumor cells.

CONCLUSION
The combination of immunomagnetic purification of breast carcinoma cells and RT-PCR enables the measurement of cancer-specific MDR1 mRNA levels in small cell samples obtained by FNA.


This article proposes that foreign language programmes have a central role to play in the internationalisation of learning and teaching in the university. Looking at institution-wide programmes in the UK, it cites two main reasons for this claim: University language programmes teach multilingual and multicultural groups in which students from a range of disciplines may trial the skills required of international graduates. Furthermore, language programmes employ student-centred forms of learning in response to the heterogeneity of their student body. Their composition and innovative pedagogies, it is argued, suggest the university-wide foreign language programme as a central discipline of internationalisation which develops good practice to be rolled out across the university. The article describes the learning opportunities international language classrooms offer and presents an overview of the pedagogies employed in institution-wide language programmes.


In order to research whether the career plateau is negatively related to organizational identification and engagement, whether organizational identification has a positive correlation on engagement, and whether the career plateau has an intermediary role between organizational identity and engagement. The significant theoretical analysis is first introduced into the construction industry organizational behaviour's the relationship model among occupational plateau, organizational identification and engagement, which uses linear regression method to achieve significant computing, and in the analysis of intermediary role the introduced genetic algorithm can accelerate the convergence and cross speed of the calculation. Then, the use of VC program designs the assumptions parametric and algorithmic of significant test, and using the data interface of VC and MATLAB will directly call MATLAB program in VC, finally through the MATLAB program to realize the linear regression analysis, so as to greatly improve the efficiency and accuracy of data analysis.


This study investigates the effect of TQM and its dimension towards organizational performance in Bahir Dar Textile Share Company. The sample size of this study was 308 employees from 1385 total target population of Bahir Dar Textile Share Company. The researcher applied the explanatory research design and employed a quantitative data analysis method. The samples were selected randomly from the population after creating strata. Hence, stratified random sampling technique was employed. In this study, primary sources of data were used. The collected data was analyzed using descriptive statistics such as frequency tables, percentage, charts and inferential statistics such as correlations and regression analysis. The findings of this study indicated that there is a significant and moderately positive relationship between TQM dimension and organizational performance. Again the findings revealed that TQM dimension has a significant effect on organizational performance. The study concluded that the successful implementation of quality management practices to generate the desired performance and which should be planned, systematic and implemented by Bahir Dar Textile Share Company to this further result as organization productivity growth and performance. This study has forwarded as recommendations the government as well as the Share Company has to work more with the improvement of the current total quality management measures by taking into account the performance of the organization.


Progress in low power miniaturized electronics and wireless technologies have enabled many innovative applications. Of particular interest is the Internet of Things (IoT) that has dominated the world of ICT in the last half a decade enabling many smart systems and applications. At the same time, we also see much enthusiasm with respect to space missions and applications including terrestrial applications, apart from exploring the universe. We believe that innovations in the domain of IoT will significantly influence the space related activities -- both research and development. In this article, we chart out the innovations in space and the vision with respect to embedded and wireless systems for space applications. In particular, we bring in the notion of Sensor Wireless Actuator Networks in Space (SWANS) and Space Pixels to explain IoT in space. We explain with examples what we envision for the next decade and also the challenges therein. We briefly put forth our four major targets in the next five years.


Analyzing data obtained from the literature and our own calculations, significant differences were found among countries in their levels of class voting. The Scandinavian countries had the highest and Canada and the USA the lowest levels of class voting. Since the 1950s, there was a decline in almost all countries in the level of class voting. In this article, several hypotheses were deduced from a limited number of individual assumptions, each purporting to explain the differences among and declining trends within countries. Testing these hypotheses with multilevel techniques revealed that differences among countries can best be explained by their population's religious-ethnic-linguistic diversity, and by the union density within countries. The decline in most countries can best be explained by the rise in their standard of living. Furthermore, a rise in the percentage of union members, especially among the nonmanual classes, accelerated the decline in the level of class voting in some countries.


The overall purpose of these guidelines is to help physicians manage adults with tuberculosis (TB)/human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) co‐infection. Recommendations for the treatment of TB in HIV‐positive adults are similar to those in HIV‐negative adults. Of note, the term "HIV" refers to HIV‐1 throughout these guidelines.


A display device is provided to avoid delamination of an organic layer and an inorganic layer by forming a surface area increasing part for increasing the surface area between the organic layer and the inorganic layer. A first substrate(10) includes an effective display region(EDR) having pixels by which an image is displayed and a non-effective display region(NEDR) disposed in the periphery of the effective display region. A first insulation layer(20) is disposed in the effective and non-effective display regions. A second insulation layer(30) is disposed on the first insulation layer. A surface area increasing part is formed between the first and second insulation layers corresponding to the non-effective display region to avoid delamination of the first and second insulation layers. A sealing member(40) is disposed on the second insulation layer along the non-effective display region. A second substrate(50) is coupled to the first substrate by using the sealing member. The surface area increasing part can include a first surface area increasing part formed in the first insulation layer and a second surface area increasing part formed in the second insulation layer.


Pteridophyta is known as "paku-pakis" in Malay and it is one the flora species that exists in ecological system. Besides, Pteridophyta is one of the species that need to be preserved. Either flora or fauna, both are very important to preserve the ecosystem and control the pollution. In order to observe the species, the fundamental unit of all diversity metrics is a count of specific individuals. In some consequences, the uncorrected counts of observed species often used in measuring the diversity which ignore detection together and established methods to be used to account for missed species. Analysis of count data is widely used in engineering, public health, epidemiology, medical studies, ecology and many research of interest. Rarity increases the number of locations with zero detection in excess of those expected under simple models of abundance. The aims of this study are to compare the Generalized Linear Model (GLiM) in the application of Pteridophyta species of count data.


In this paper, the electromagnetic performances of 6-pole hybrid magnetic bearing (HMB) with AC and DC control modes is compared. Firstly, the structure and suspension mechanisms of 6-pole hybrid magnetic bearing with AC and DC control modes are analyzed. Then the equivalent bias magnetic circuit and control magnetic circuit are obtained. The mathematical models of suspension force are deduced. According to the given main parameters, the analysis models are established by MagNet 3D. The electromagnetic performances of the 6-pole HMB with two control modes, such as magnetic circuit, suspension mechanism, force-current relationships and coupling characteristics of suspension force, are calculated and analyzed.


This work had the purpose to evaluate the effect of the osmotic conditioning on the physiological quality of varieties BRS 200, BRS Rubi, BRS Safira and BRS Verde. The treatments have been: 1seeds moistened in solution of glycol polyethylene (PEG) 6000 with -0,6 MPa for 12 hours whit 20° C in B.O.D chamber; 2seeds moistened in distilled water for 12 hours with 20° C in B.O.D. chamber; 3control seeds no conditioned. After the treatments the seeds had been stored for four months. The physiological quality of the seeds was evaluated with the germination percentage and the SGI (speed of germination-index), the length of seedling and the fresh biomass. The collected data had been analyzed by Scott Knott test the 5% of probability. There was differentiated behavior between the varieties. The osmotic conditioning diminished germination percentage of the seeds to varieties BRS Verde and BRS Safira and retarded the germination of the varieties studied, with exception the BRS Rubi. In the seedling growth test, the BRS Verde variety presented bigger length average into the group witness and was different the others. The technique showed efficient to low quality seeds.


The memory system according to the invention the non-volatile memory having a plurality of memory blocks; And comprising: a memory controller having a garbage collection unit, wherein said garbage collection unit generates a garbage collection level, and comparing the garbage collection level and the garbage collection trigger level, and according to the comparison result, perform garbage collection, the garbage collection level may be generated based on the generated pre-block average of the non-volatile memory or the time Max free block creation time.


Human Pavlovian Autonomic Conditioning and the Cognitive Paradigm Human Autonomic and Skeletal Classical Conditioning: The Role of Conscious Cognitive Factors Learning what will Happen Next: Conditioning, Evaluation and Cognitive Processes An integration of Human and Animal Models of Pavlovian Conditioning: Associations, Cognitions and Attributions Latent Inhibition and Human Pavlovian Conditioning: Research and Relevance Pavlovian Conditioning and Hemispheric Assymetry: A Perspective Conditioning and Perception A Neo-Pavlovian Interpretation of the OR and Classical Conditioning in Humans: With Comments on Alcoholism and the Poverty of Cognitive Psychology The Interaction of Neurohormones with Pavlovian A and Pavlovian B Conditioning in the Causation of Neurosis, Extinction and Incubation of Anxiety.


In this paper, the reservoir geological model of purpose layer of horizontal well is established with the geological modeling according to the known information such as the modeling object, the geological conditions and the sedimentary characteristics after applying the random simulation techniques. The well position is deployed after analyzing the position of favorable area of reservoir; the orientation of horizontal section is ascertained after studying the direction of stress and hydraulic fractures; the length of the horizontal section is demonstrated according to the reservoir conditions combining the relationship of hydraulic fractures and capacity; it can be seen that the increase effect is significant.


To the Editor.—We were distressed to read Dr Roth's comments regarding our research in theeditor's correspondencesection of the March 1989 issue of theArchives.1Dr Roth's letter reflects a flagrant disregard for accuracy in citation, facts, and data. Dr Roth may have heard an informal presentation of part of our paper "at a national databank meeting" in March 1988. But, if he meant to cite our abstract,2he could not have obtained information on "wrist weakness" since no mention of the wrist occurs. A correct citation is to our full-length publication that was available to Dr Roth in September 1988, and, which, we hope, that he had read before writing about our research.3The purposes of our research study were (1) to assess functional ability in patients with fibromyalgia using a standardized method of assessment, (2) to obtain information regarding their life-time work history,


Fort Lauderdale, FL-Visual tests and clinical psychophysics can be regarded as "sets of filters," according to David M. Regan, PhD, DSc.


Based on K-e Standard Wall turbulence model (2-Equation) and Navier-Stokes (N-S) equations defined for incompressible fluids, fluid flow behaviour around hyperloop pods in an evacuated tube was simulated using ANSYS fluent solver assuming steady state and two dimensional conditions. In this research, to develop the case studies, using combination of different head and tail shape profile, four kind of hyperloop pods were developed with the aid of SolidWorks. These four pods have been investigated for their aerodynamic behaviour as four different case scenarios. The results of simulation depicts that an atmospheric pressure of 100 Pa with blockage ratio of 0.36 in tube provides the best possible aerodynamic behaviour for the designed hyperloop pod models. This research finds that overall aerodynamic behaviour of hyperloop pods can be varied by changing the head and tail shape profile of pods and a particular combination of head and tail shape profile can provide optimally best aerodynamic capabilities. Thus, this research paper provides a novel method of obtaining best aerodynamic capabilities in hyperloop pods by designing head profile optimally in combination with tail profile. This outcome will provide major contribution towards the development of hyperloop pods in future with better aerodynamic behaviour resulting in lesser electrical energy required to propel the hyperloop pods in evacuated tube.


The aim of this study was to identify and quantify polyphenolic compounds in skin extracts from four Bulgarian grape varieties and compare them to those of seed extracts. The values of total phenolic contents, flavonoids, anthocyanins, procyanidins and an ascorbic acid in grape skin extracts were determined. The antioxidant capacities of skin extracts were evaluated using four different methods. The total phenolic content of skin extracts was 2–3 times lower than those of seed extracts. The significant difference between total parameter values of individual grape varieties were also found. According to the total phenolic content and antioxidant capacity of skin extracts, the different grape varieties were arranged in the following order: Marselan ≥ Pinot Noir ˃ Cabernet Sauvignon ˃ Tamyanka. The individual compounds in the grape skin extracts were determined using RP-HPLC and compared with those of the seed extracts. The determined composition of skin extracts was significantly different from the seed extracts' composition. Quantitative evaluation of the procyanidins and catechins in the skins was carried out. A correlation between phenolic contents, individual compounds and antioxidant capacity of different extracts was found. The studied grape extracts have a potential to be applied as natural antioxidants in the pharmaceutical and food industries.


The study analyses the qualitative influence of different parameters on Dambovita River water temperature along the 17.5km length reach of concrete canal passing through Bucharest City, Romania. Air temperature has been increasing during the investigated last 4 decades with detrimental consequences on the river ecosystem. The simplified physical processes taken into account, equations and numerical methods used to develop a deterministic water temperature model are explained. Different scenarios of possible extreme summer heatwaves with influence on river water temperature are defined analysing the available data. A sensitivity analysis is performed for meteorological parameters such as: air temperature, humidity, short wave solar radiation, cloudiness and wind speed to determine their influence on river temperature.


ABSTRACT.  Research has been conducted to determine the Factors Affecting Purchase Amount at Market Broiler Eggs Eggplant, Makassar. Held on August 10, 2013 until the date of 12 September 2013 in the Market Eggplant, Makassar. This research is a kind of explanatory Quantitative Study is the type of research that look at the effect of one variable with another variable and to test hypotheses and data sources used are primary data and secondary data, then using multiple linear regression method. The results obtained show that the price, quality of eggs, quality of service, revenue, and number of family members simultaneously significant effect on the amount of purchase eggs, but in partial service quality does not significantly influence the amount of the purchase eggs at the Market Eggplant, Makassar City.


The current state of the world suggests we have some difficulty in developing effective policy. This paper demonstrates two methods for the objective analysis of logic models within policy documents. By comparing policy models, we will be better able to compare policies and so determine which policy is best.Our ability to develop effective policy is reflected across the social sciences where our ability to create effective theoretical models is being called into question. The broad scope of this issue suggests a source as deep as our unconscious ways of thinking. Specifically, our reliance on modern and postmodern thinking has limited our ability to develop more effective policy, and more particularly, logic models.The move in some quarters toward "integral" thinking may provide insights that support the creation of more useful policy models. However, some versions of that thinking seem to be unwittingly mired in modern and postmodern thinking. This paper identifies how integral thought may be clarified, allowing us to advance beyond postmodern thinking. Usefully, this "neo-integral" form of thinking supports the creation of more mature policy models by encompassing greater complexity and a careful understanding of interrelationships that may be identified within the logic models that are commonly found in policy analyses.Neo-integral thinking is related to more complex forms of systems thinking and both are found in recent conversations within the nascent field of metatheory. And, to some extent, a logic model within a policy operates as a kind of theoretical model because both may be used to inform understanding and decision-making. Therefore, it seems reasonable to apply neo-integral thinking and metatheoretical methodologies to conduct critical comparisons of logic models.In the present paper, these methodologies are applied to critically compare two logic models. The structure of each model is analyzed to objectively determine its complexity and formal robustness. The complexity is determined by quantifying the concepts and connections within each model. The robustness of a model is a measure of its internal integrity, based on the ratio between the total number of aspects and the number of concatenated aspects. In this analysis, one policy model is found to have a robustness of 0.08, while another is found to have a robustness of 0.67. The more robust policy is expected to be much more effective in application. Implications for policy development and policy application are discussed.


A unique slamming process is observed on high speed wave piercing catamarans (WPCs) such as those manufactured by INCAT Tasmania (shown in Fig. 1). For conventional catamarans, wet-deck slamming constitutes a significant design load and is managed through proper design of the tunnel height for the proposed operating conditions. While methods have been developed for prediction of wet-deck slam occurrence and slam magnitude in conventional catamarans (for example Ge et al., 2005) the significant differences in geometry limit application to wave piercing catamarans. Although slamming of wave piercing catamarans may be categorised as a wet-deck slam, the INCAT Tasmania wave piercing catamarans include a forward centre bow to prevent deck diving which significantly alters the water entry and slamming characteristics.


Dramatic land development of agriculture operations has resulted in the development of small acreage parcels of 1 to10 acres across Utah. Often, small acreage owners are faced with water management and water technical terms that they are unfamiliar with. The goal of this publication is to help the reader become familiar with the most common water measurement and management terms. Additionally, four tables provide water measurement conversions, water elevation conversions to pressure head, maximum flow rates in PVC pipe, and the volume of water delivered to a field.


An algorithm that incorporates feedback in distributed fusion architectures for maintaining target tracks in cluttered environments is proposed. The decorrelated feedback sequences are constructed by compensating global updated estimates with track information due to global predicted estimates and local track estimates. Due to its orthogonal properties, these feedback sequences are then used in the filtering process to update local estimates before local processors acquire new sets of measurements. The process of constructing these feedback sequences is presented and implemented on a proposed distributed fusion system where each local processor receives measurements from multiple sensors.


In the current context of China's surging power demand and power capacity shortage, circulating fluidised bed (CFB) boilers are likely to play an increasingly important role. Such clean coal technology allows China to make use of its extensive coal resources in an environmentally friendly manner. Key steps are now being taken in acquiring the technology of large-scale (300 MW class) CFB power plants.


Since the groundbreaking discovery of graphene by Geim and Novoselov in 2004, there has been continuous research focused on the utilization of graphene (GR) and graphene-related materials (GRms) in technologically high-impact applications, spanning from electronics, sensing, and spintronics, to catalysis, energy storage, and environmental remediation [...].


I report the implementation of an activity in which students are asked to write multiple-choice questions (MCQs) on the subject of 'orbitals' in order to consolidate their learning on the subject. This was facilitated using the online system PeerWise, which allows students to upload MCQs that they have written and to then answer those authored by their peers. The process of writing questions accesses the upper levels of Bloom's taxonomy, and the discussions incorporated within the activity allow for socially constructed learning as part of the pedagogy of constructive evaluation.


1 1 1 ~IXGI(XI, wound, with its abundance T 01 pLitelets, crythiocytcs, fibr i t i , and tissue substrate,, appears LO provide an ideal milieu for the implantation and survival of neoplastic < ~ 1 1 s . 'I'his can be readily demonstrated experimentally b y coinparing the relatively lew numbcr o f (ell, required lor ttinior irnplantation in ttic surgical wound with the number o f cells ieq1lired for intraperitoneal and i n t r menous iiioc ulations. Contamination of the wound by t i i i i w r tells appears to be ;I common event in t tic. suigic '11 treatment id certain types of IH;I I ignarit tuniors and may in part be responsible lor the associated high incidence oC local recurrence. It has been pertinent, therefore, 10 scarcli for topical chemotherapeutic agents t h , c t woultl be cHec t ivr in prt'veniing tuinor growth in luiiior-contaminatetl surgical wounds. For several reasons, the efficac y of any agent iniplanted in such a way may vary ronsiclerably iiom that resulting Crom systemic ;itlniinisti ation or in vitro sysleins. Not o n l y doe, tlic neoplastic ~t.11 ;1 ppeiir LO have optiniiiin conditions for survival and implantation, bnt the duration of cytotclxicity of any chcmotherapeutic agent will probably be briel' he( m s e o f the agent's re'ictivity with ti\\ue protcinc in the wonntl a r i d i ts rclalively rapid a1)sorption. Previous btudies in experimentally seedcd wotinds using the ascitcs, tumor Ehrlicli in s t tx in A n i i t ~ have demonstrated thc lirnitatioiis as well a\ the effcctivexieys ol several topic:il ;igents.ls Clorpactin XCB (a brand ol inonoxychlorosene, a stabiliiecl, buffered organic I i y p hlorous acid tleribative with an active hypo~hloious acid content of 7.257:,) and chlo-


Objective: To evaluate and analyze the clinical curative effect of the auricular points pressure method combined with Western medicine treatment of chronic calculous cholecystitis. Methods: According to the random number table method,during June 2013-June 2014 at our hospital,74 cases of patients with chronic calculous cholecystitis were grouped into control group and treatment group. Control group: 50% magnesium sulfate solution,before meals,10 m L / time,3 times / day; Amoxicillin 0. 5 g /time,after meal,3 times per day; Scopolamine despun mountain,10 mg / time,after meal,3 times / day. Treatment group: on the basis of the control group,using the method of auricular points pressure. We observed two groups' clinical curative effect and abdominal pain and adverse reaction and the recurrence. Results: After treatment,the treatment group's PRI,VAS and PPI were respectively( 0. 47 ± 0. 25),( 1. 34 ± 0. 46) and( 1. 35 ± 0. 61) and those of the control group were( 1. 36 ± 0. 71),( 1. 82 ± 0. 52)and( 2. 30 ± 0. 75)( P 0. 05). Treatment group' s effectiveness and adverse reactions and the recurrence rate were 94. 59%( 35 /37),8. 11%( 3 /37),10. 81%( 4 /37) and those of the control group were 81. 08%( 30 /37),21. 62%( 8 /37),24. 32%( 9 /37)( P 0. 05). Conclusion: Compared with the pure Western medicine,the auricular points pressure combined with Western medicine treatment of chronic calculous cholecystitis can effectively improve the patients' clinical symptoms,reduce abdominal pain and adverse reactions,avoid relapse again and improve clinical curative effect. It is worthy of popularization and application.


Four species of Collybia sensu lato are re- ported from the Hawaiian Islands: Rhodocollybia lau- laha and Gymnopus menehune represent new species, while G. luxurians and G. subpruinosus are first re- ports. All four Hawaiian taxa are fully described, il- lustrated and compared with allied taxa. Marasmius subpruinosus, M. subcyathiformis and Clitocybe colly- bioides are formally transferred to Gymnopus. An ar- tificial dichotomous key to Hawaiian Rhodocollybia and Gymnopus is presented.


The prevention of inadvertent hypothermia during the perioperative journey appears to be an area of ongoing research in clinical practice. This article reviews some of the available literature to confirm the importance of intraoperative warming. The physiology of thermoregulation is explored to clarify understanding of the risks of a hypothermic patient. The use of different methods of patient warming and the effectiveness is supported in current guidelines and trusts' policies (National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE), 2008). The expense of postoperative complications in relation to the expense of patient-warming equipment is minimal (Scott and Buckland, 2006). It was found that more current and specific research was required including the best warming methods and temperature monitors (Hart et al, 2011). This would confirm the best effective method of practice within the operating department.


The article presents the author's concept of the technique of controlling the formation and functioning of the cluster, which allows to objectively estimate the process of the formation of cluster, trace the dynamics of its life and assess the main areas and indi-cators cluster operation.


China, the second largest economy after the United States, relies upon a new form of economics, labeled as authoritarian capitalism. Currently, the U.S. and China are dealing with many trade disputes, and this is pushing the United States to move away from the established multilateral trading system created by the U.S at the end of World War II and towards bilateral trade approaches. Bilateral trade and investment linkages are a central framework for the new emerging Asia-Pacific business and economic framework. China-U.S. trade and investment linkages have expanded significantly during the last 40 years and are directly impacting U.S. trade and investment linkages to other countries in Asia. United States-China merchandise trade is estimated to exceed $600 billion in favor of the Chinese economy and represents a significant U.S. trade deficit. Moreover, China holds over $1 trillion of U.S. Treasury certificates. The Chinese economy is in between free markets and state control. China's industrial policies are centrally designed to protect Chinese firms and, especially, state-owned enterprises. The Chinese government provides significant subsidies as well as low-cost loans to Chinese firms and places protective barriers of discrimination against foreign multinationals. The "Made in China 2025" campaign represents another expanded Chinese program in favor of their enterprises and significantly disadvantages all other Multinationals. The Chinese are coming! They have already arrived to be the second-largest economy after the United States. The stock of Chinese direct foreign investments in the United States is estimated to be at $50 billion and is much smaller than other direct foreign investments coming from other Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) countries. By contrast, the U.S. firms' direct foreign investment in China is estimated to exceed $100 billion. These metrics, nevertheless, do not capture the impact of direct foreign investments in the U.S. market that are made through tax haven locations, and the estimates of Chinese direct foreign investment could be two to three times higher. The U.S. Congress is concerned that the ability of the U.S. Committee on Foreign Investment (USCFI) to protect U.S. and strategic national security interests needs to be enhanced. Central to the Trump administration's policies is the protection of U.S. firms against the intrusive policies and highly protective industrial policies of the Chinese. The theft of U.S. intellectual property and counterfeiting by Chinese firms, whether state-owned or publically traded is extensive and has been estimated to exceed one-third of a trillion dollars annually. According to the U.S. administration, the Chinese are active in economic espionage and the theft of U.S. proprietary information. The U.S. Department of Justice (DOJ) indicates the majority of cases involving economic espionage and stolen trade secrets relates to Chinese firms. To recap: the demand of the current U.S. administration to China is to reverse its economic policies that directly discriminate against US multinationals. Moreover, the theft of technology and trade secrets must be reversed or arrested. Seen from this JOURNAL OF ASIA-PACIFIC BUSINESS 2019, VOL. 20, NO. 2, 79–81 https://doi.org/10.1080/10599231.2019.1610650


The inverse synthetic aperture radar (ISAR) imaging for maneuvering targets has always been a challenging task due to the time-varying Doppler parameter, especially in the low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) environment. In this paper, a novel ISAR imaging algorithm for maneuvering targets in the low SNR environment based on the parameter estimation approach is presented. First, the received signals of the ISAR in a range bin are modeled as a multicomponent quadratic frequency-modulated (QFM) signal after the migration compensation. Then, to estimate the parameters of the QFM signal, two cubic phase functions (CPFs), namely coherently integrated generalized CPF (CIGCPF) and coherently integrated CPF (CICPF), are developed. The CIGCPF and CICPF are simple and only require the fast Fourier transform (FFT) and the nonuniform FFT (NUFFT). Due to the usage of the NUFFT, the computational cost is reduced, and the searching procedure is unnecessary for the nonuniformly spaced signal. Thanks to the coherent integrations and NUFFT, the CIGCPF and CICPF, which demonstrate the excellent noise-tolerant performance and reduce the error propagation effect, are efficient and suitable for the multicomponent QFM signals in the low SNR environment. Finally, several simulation examples, analyses of the noise-tolerant performance of the proposed method, and ISAR imaging results of the simulated data demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.


gallbladder wall is commonly found in DF. In fact, a thick-walled gallbladder has been reported to be the most common abdominal US finding in DF, occurring in 43–59% of patients. 8,9 Due to the frequency of this finding, some investigators have even proposed that US be used as a first-line diagnostic imaging modality in patients with suspected DF. 8 Other commonly reported findings on abdominal US include pleural effusion, ascites and splenomegaly. 8,9


end. Technical Field of the invention defined in the claims. The present invention relates to a method for cleaning of groundwater facilities for the withdrawal of the ground water and relates to an apparatus, more specifically the number of processing by simplifying the apparatus to improve the efficiency of the operation comfort and cleaning generated during cleaning of groundwater purification was by the natural discharging water will have to prevent secondary pollution. I. SUMMARY invention to solve. Conventional groundwater cleaning apparatus debris only removed as naeneunde remove contaminants, such as a fixedly attached to that removed contaminants, such as the scale is deposited by spraying only of the high-pressure air scale not only the disadvantage that the time-consuming for draining out groundwater first pressure air supply hose and apart from the second pressurized air feed hoses must inserted from the beginning into the groundwater by problems and groundwater, as well as the operation inconvenient and cumbersome requiring additional manpower required for operation in to after the removed of the contaminant is completed attachment making sure that the cleaning operation is terminated by the operation of the valve after the supply of compressed air to a second pressurized air supply hose portion with the contaminants removed as the zoom and the treated gwanoe If that ever exhaust, the valve operation not performed in a timely manner There is also a problem that makes up the precipitation of the contaminants away difficult gwanoe discharge. All. Solution subject matter of the invention. Cleaning the end of compressed air is injected in order to clean the groundwater as soon smooth at the same time processing can return line of the can within the space with cleaning processing by induction so that is discharged upwardly without In the hose for the supply of compressed air to the plurality of discharge after the purification to be achieved and recovering the treated water discharged by the will to prevent secondary pollution. la. An important use of the invention Cleaning of groundwater.


A multi-mode phased array system is discussed which would simultaneously transmit a set of special pseudo-random codes called Golay codes and then isolate the coded echoes, and their associated modes (e.g. scan directions), upon receg tion using matched correlation receivers. Golay codes are special paired pseudo-random codes which have been shown to provide improved single-mode correlation system operation in the presence of clutter and large interfering targets due to the cancellation of range sidelobes. An algorithm is presented for synthesizing pairs of complementary Golay codes which also have the special property of producing zero cross-correlation during simultaneous transmission. A method for creating a larger, eight member, set of low cross-correlation Golay codes consisting of pairs which have zero cross-correlation, is also described.


In recent years, Web-based learning has become one of the major applications of the Internet. For Web-based learning, it is important to design an intelligent curriculum Website for students and to make teachers understand the learning situation of each student in order to provide adequate auxiliary learning materials to individual students. Seven factors, including learning behaviors, were assumed to affect the learning performance of students. These assumptions have been analyzed to determine their effectiveness, and five factors, the degree of interest in the course, the degree of the familiarity with the computer, the number of Web pages browsed, the length of the course content, and the degree of difficulty of the course content are selected for evaluating the learning performance of students. In the research, a Moodle-based curriculum Website was established as the experimental platform to record students' learning behaviors for analysis. By applying the extenics engineering method, a learning performance evaluation scheme is proposed to generate an evaluated learning performance of individual students for instructors' reference. Thus, according to the evaluated learning performance, instructors can provide students with more adequate learning materials in accordance with individual students' learning performance. Ying-Chen Lee Waseda University, Japan Nobuyoshi Terashima Waseda University, Japan DOI: 10.4018/978-1-4666-4615-5.ch011


To ascertain the fatigue damages to both the CRTS-I slab and the CA mortar layer under the action of train fatigue load,the train load was simplified as two kinds of fatigue load spectrums,according to the normal distribution rule of wheel-rail force as well as according to the single parameter counting method in fatigue load spectrum technology. And by means of the finite element method,the beamstructure model of elastic foundation beam was established,and the stress values of both the slab and the CA mortar under the action of rain fatigue load were calculated. Moreover,by means of Miner linear criterion and stress-based fatigue life calculation method,the fatigue damages to both the track slab concrete and the CA mortar were calculated respectively within 60 years of service period. The result indicates that if the action of the train fatigue load were the only one to be considered,there would be no fatigue failure at both the slab and the CA mortar within 60 years of service period. Also,there is little difference among the fatigue damages to both the slab and the CA mortar caused by different fatigue load spectrums.


As the rapid development of digital technology industry, designers of craft and industrial product can have more time on their original ideas. In addition to its applied function, designers' ideas can add more beauty to a cold, mass production, full of rational characteristic industrial product. Besides, part of essence in craft design are slowly integrated into it. This research discussed only in the use of Rapid Prototyping (referred as RP) media in digital technology industry and the result of using RP in metalworking and jewelry design. The process of creative design is hard to find from related theories and research, especially the design strategy. General information are focus on the suggestions of design management and organization method about how company response to market demand. Therefore, the implementation process of creative design have little information. This kind of process about design ideas and model products has long been regarded as black box which can not be made public and transparency. Owing to the above phenomenon, this research focus on the detail of how to use knowledge and technique in design process to get design element which can be extend new product. In this way, designers can develop amazing product through the accumulation of professional knowledge and experience. In order to have international perspective, industrial design product have to mix aesthetics. However, there are lots of strange industrial design products which were forced mix aesthetics. This research project take the Surrealism drawing performance style as a main axle, use Dali's "Persistence of Memory" and Miro's "The Tilled Field" as research subjects. The research purpose is making design process to a specific plan. By using the capture of modeling elements features' "Form Generation" and the formula of change shapes' "Shape Grammars", design result can be created according to the purpose and needs. Through the theory about surrealist painting style technique of expression can sum up nine expressions, including "Enlarge/Shrink scaling dimension", "Space exchange", "Physical property change", "Surface material exchange", "Fusion of different objects", "Vitalizing non-living", "Creature materiazation", "Disassemble/Reassemble limbs and trunk" and "Overlapped interlace image". Understanding of its expression through surrealistic style and select representive artists and paintings, this research use Dali's "Persistence of Memory" and Miro's "The Tilled Field" as research subjects. By using "Form Generation" to get paintings' elements and the shape Boolean rule pushes by "Shape Grammars", it can spreads out new shapes. In order to understand the feasibility of integration process of "Form Generation" and "Shape Grammars", this research use experiment to prove it. Making a series of metalworking jewelry items to test the process, and then discuss the stage, implementation status and result. Finally, propose improve suggestions to promote the feasibility of product according to real creative result. This integration process make paintings' "flat element" transform to products' "semi-solid model". It makes designers have plenty ideas and different thoughts in shape design, it also present the posibility of another creative approach. On the other hand, it can promote the efficiency of design and production through import of technology materials. It also can provide broad ideas for designer and increase product's adding value.


Various matrix elements of the quadrupole moment of H2 in the ground electronic state are calculated in the adiabatic approximation and the results are presented in Table II. These matrix elements are of the form , where v, J and v′, J′ denote the vibrational and rotational quantum numbers of the initial and final states, respectively; Q represents the quadrupole moment for fixed nuclei. The calculations are based on the adiabatic potential and electronic quadrupole moment computed by Koℏos and Wolniewicz. The results of the calculations are compared with experimental values obtained from the quadrupole absorption spectrum by Fink, Wiggins, and Rank. The influence of the rotation—vibration interaction on the matrix elements is discussed and an estimate of the contribution due to nonadiabatic effects is given for the case Δv=0.


A court recently sentenced a man who was practicing as an optometrist in Rochester, NY, although he had never passed state licensure exams.


This study aimed to examine the mechanisms underlying the effects of Garcinia cambogia extract on the adipogenic dif-ferentiation of 3T3-L1 cells and long-chain saturated fatty acid-induced lipotoxicity of HepG2 cells. 3T3-L1 preadipocytes,mouse embryonic fibroblast-adipose like cell line, were treated with MDI solution (0.5 mM IBMX, 1 µM dexamethasone,10 µg/mL insulin) to generate a cellular model of adipocyte differentiation. Using this cellular model, the anti-obesity effectof Garcinia cambogia extract was evaluated. MDI-induced lipid accumulation and expression of adipogenesis-related geneswere detected by Oil red O staining, Nile Red staining, and Western blot analysis. Effects Garcinia cambogia extract onpalmitate-induced lipotoxicity was also analyzed by MTT assay, LDH release, and DAPI staining in HepG2 cells. Garciniacambogia extract significantly suppressed the adipogenic differentiation of preadipocytes and intracellular lipid accumula-tion in the differentiating adipocytes. Garcinia cambogia extract also markedly inhibited the expression of peroxisome pro-liferator-activated receptor γ2 (PPARγ2), CCAT/enhancer-binding protein α (C/EBPα), and adipocyte protein aP2 (aP2). Inaddition, Garcinia cambogia extract significantly attenuated palmitate-induced lipotoxicity in HepG2 cells. Palmitate-induced cellular damage and reactive aldehydes were also significantly reduced in the presence of Garcinia cambogiaextract. These findings suggest that the Garcinia cambogia extract inhibits the adipogenic differentiation of 3T3-L1 pread-ipocytes, probably by regulating the expression of multiple genes associated with adipogenesis such as PPARγ2, C/EBPα,aP2, and thereby modulating fatty acid-induced lipotoxicity to reduce cellular injury in hepatocytes.Key words: anti-adipogenesis, Garcinia cambogia, gene expression, lipotoxicity


This paper describes a decoupled sampling-based motion-planning method, based on the rapidly-exploring random tree (RRT) approach, that is applicable to autonomous vehicles, in order to perform different traffic maneuvers. This is a two-step motion-planning method including path-planning and motion timing steps, where both steps are sampling-based. In the path-planning part, an improved RRT method is defined that increases the smoothness of the path and decreases the computational time of the RRT method; it is called smooth RRT, SRRT. While some other RRT-based methods such as RRT can perform better in winding roads, in the problem of interest in this paper (which is performing some regular traffic maneuvers in usual urban roads and highways where the passage is not too winding), SRRT is more efficient since the computational time is less than for the other considered methods. In the motion timing or velocity-tuning step (VTS), a sampling-based method is introduced that guarantees collision avoidance between different vehicles. The proposed motiontiming algorithm can be very useful for collision avoidance and can be used with any other path-planning method. Simulation results show that because of the probabilistic property of the SRRT and VTS algorithms, together with the decoupling feature of the method, the algorithm works well for different traffic maneuvers.


In this paper, we seek to improve understanding of human mobility patterns in environments having definite and highly organized structure, such as shopping malls. We present a method to identify individuals expressing different mobility patterns. Besides, to understand better the role of groups of message carriers expressing different mobility patterns, we performed simulations of a derivative of the Epidemic protocol with real-world mobility traces, which distinguishes between two groups of carriers, and entrusts messages through either one or the other. We discuss the implications of our results and make recommendations to guide the design of ad-hoc forwarding algorithms for delay tolerant mobile ad-hoc networks in shopping mall environments and to help modeling realistic simulation scenarios.


Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) constitutes about 70 % of human skin cancer. This malignant neoplasia is characterized by the presence intercellular junction. BCC develop predominantly in fair-skinned human. Pigmented BCC is one of its rare form in subject with fair skin. We report a case of pigmented BCC in Malagasy patient. A 70 years-old woman, phototype IV, presented to us with pigmented, and painless lesion of the right nasolabial fold, appears 3 years before. She observed an increasing size of lesion after recent manipulation of the lesion. Ulceration occurred and alerted the patient. In clinical examination, we found a non-inflammatory, and brown ulceration which measured 1 cm x 0.4 cm. It was a no oozing ulceration, and there was no bleeding to the touch. We felt skin induration in its basis, which exceeded 0,5cm along the ulceration's limit. Biopsy exeresis was made with a 0,5cm carcinological margins on all sides of lesion, and brought back operative piece which measured 2.2 x 1 x 0.3cm. Histopathologic examination showed a tumor proliferation in the outer layers of the epidermis, made up of confluent islets cells consisting of epithelial cells, moderately atypical, assuming a palisaded arrangement at their periphery. Melanin deposits were seen within tumor nodules, and gave the diagnosis of pigmented BCC with a complete exeresis. BCC mainly affects subject with light skin, at whose a BCC is rarely pigmented. For black skinned people, pigmented BCC is not exceptional.


In this paper, complex arithmetic in polar form, briefly sectors arithmetic is discussed. The fact that the family of sectors is not closed under addition and subtraction gives rise to the need of an optimized approximation. Precisely, the problem discussed, is to determine the smallest possible sector that contains the sum of two sectors. An efficient algorithm that is solving this problem is introduced and compared with existing algorithms in the literature. The algorithms are implemented in MATLAB R2020a and tested for all cases. It is also shown by examples that the proposed algorithms perform much better than their ancestors and avoid their errors.


Background: The association of age with coronary plaque dynamics is not well characterized. Objectives : To analyze the effect of age on the progression of whole-heart coronary plaque in patients who underwent serial coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA). Methods: From a multinational registry of patients who underwent serial CCTA, 1,153 subjects (61±5 years old, 61.1% male) aged 40~75 years old with at least one detectable plaque were analyzed. Annualized volume changes of total, fibrous, fibrofatty, necrotic core, and dense calcification plaque components of the whole heart were compared by age quartile groups. Random forest analysis was used to define the relative importance of age on plaque volume progression. Results: The median interval between the two CCTA was 3.3 (interquartile range 2.6~4.8) years. The median annual volume changes of total plaque in each age quartile group was 7.8, 10.5, 10.8, and 12.1mm 3 /year and for dense calcification, 2.5, 4.6, 5.4, and 7.1mm 3 /year, both of which demonstrated a tendency to increase by age (p-for-trend=0.001 and <0.001, respectively). However, this tendency was not observed in the fibrous, fibrofatty, and necrotic core components. In the propensity score-matched population (n=318 per group), the annual change of total plaque volume (7.8 vs 11.5 mm 3 /year, p=0.008) and the dense calcification component (2.5 vs. 5.9 mm 3 /year, p<0.001) was significantly smaller in the lowest age quartile group versus the other age groups. Random forest analysis demonstrated that, apart from the baseline total plaque volume, age had a comparable importance in the total plaque volume progression as other traditional factors such as the serum lipid, sugar level and renal function. Conclusions : The rate of annual plaque progression ABSTRACT The association of age with the coronary plaque dynamics is not known enough. In this analysis of the whole-heart coronary plaques from a multinational registry of patients who underwent serial CCTA, the annualized total plaque volume tended to increase significantly by age. This was mainly a result of the growth of dense calcification component than any other plaque components. By random forest analysis, apart from the baseline total plaque volume, age had a comparable importance in the total plaque volume progression as other traditional cardiovascular factors BMI, body mass index; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; CAD, coronary artery disease; RAS, renin-angiotensin system; CCB, calcium channel blocker; GFR, glomerular filtration rate; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; CCTA, Coronary computed tomography angiography.


Six‐week‐old female CD‐1 mice were administered the n‐butylester of 2,4‐dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4‐D). The 2,4‐D ester was applied dermally at dosages ranging from 0 to 500 mg/kg (2,4‐D content) in the acute studies and 0 to 300 mg/kg in the 3 week subacute studies. Following acute exposure, antibody production against sheep red blood cells was supressed at higher exposure levels. Evidence of clinical toxicity, myotonia and depression, and histopathological alterations in the central nervous system including perivascular edema and ganglial cell necrosis, was also seen in the mice. No alterations were observed in the T‐ and B‐lymphocyte proliferative responses induced by concanavalin A, a T‐lymphocyte mitogen, or Escherichia coli lipopolyaccharide, a B‐lymphocyte mitogen. Subacute 2,4‐D ester exposure which produced minimal clinical or pathological alterations, had no effect on antibody production, but did enhance the B‐ and T‐lymphocyte proliferative responses. The immunosuppressive effects of acute 2,4‐D ester exposure which were observed in this study, were unlikely a direct immunological alteration, but rather a secondary manifestation of the clinical syndrome. Since the subacute exposure levels may be more comparable to occupational or environmental exposure, it is unlikely that 2,4‐D esters will have any major immunotoxicological significance in agricultural communities.


The aim of this study was to investigate the main morphologic and biometric parameters, and the production index, in 20 wheat accessions (Triticum aestivum L.), from the base collection of the Gene Bank in Albania. The studied morphological parameters were: plant height (PH), spikelet for spike (SS), grain weight per spike (GWS), spike weight (SW), 1000 grain weight, days to maturity (DM). Collected data indicated that genotypes present significant differences for PH; the number of SS, there is a high difference of GWS (g per spike). High differences were presented for days to maturity (DM). Also some genotypes have high protein content (1215.2%) and the gluten content with an average 21.6-35.6 %. Results taken were analyzed for relations between characters in wheat genotypes. Hierarchical Cluster Method was used to observe relation and distance among genotypes. The collected data by this study will be as additional information for Gene Bank and to be used in the plant improvement programs.


Primary Humoral Immunodeficiencies (PHID) are currently increasingly being recognized. Patients with PHID frequently show respiratory complications. The objectives of the study is to determine the clinical spectrum of respiratory diseases in patients with PHID. "We extracted data from the clinical files of patients with PHID, diagnosed according to WHO criteria. We encountered 125 patients (84 males), with the diagnosis of primary antibody deficiency including common-variable immunodeficiency (64 pts), x-linked agammaglobulinemia (29 pts), IgA deficiency (20 pts), IgG-subc!ass deficiency (8 pts), and hyper-IgM syndrome (4 pts). The mean age of the patients at the time of study was 11 years. In the evolution of their disease, 92 cases (73.6%) developed upper respiratory tract infections, among which acute otitis media (68 pts, 54.4%), sinusitis (61 pts, 48.8%), and pharyngitis (12 pts, 10.4%) were found to be the most frequent. Among the lower respiratory tract infections, pneumonia was the most common occurance (91 pts, 72.8%). The other lower respiratory tract complications were: bronchiectasis (22 pts, 17.6%), bronchitis (8 pts), tuberculosis (6 pts), lung abscess (4 pts), and Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (2 pts). Respiratory infections constitute the most common presenting symptom of patients with primary humoral immunodeficiency. There may be some differences in the type and frequency of infections in each of these disorders.


Abstract A theory of stepwise elution chromatography was developed on the basis of a continuity equation for a simplest case of linear chromatography with small sample loads. Longitudinal diffusions taken into consideration are limited to both thermal Brownian diffusion occurring in the mobile phase and diffusion caused by the flow heterogeneity. However, account is taken of the existence of the column top, where longitudinal Brownian diffusion can be assumed to occur associated with a diffusion that is provoked by a type of flow heterogeneity. This paper provides a fundamental theory that was necessary for the earlier development of the theory of gradient hydroxyapatite chromatography.


The purpose of this study is to demonstrate the influence of inflation, currency exchange rates, SBI interest rates, and the Dow Jones index on the Jakarta Composite Index on the Indonesian Stock Exchange from 2013 to 2018. Methods of quantitative research utilizing Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) analytic techniques in conjunction with the use of SmartPLS 3. The findings of this study indicate that inflation has a substantial negative influence on the CSPI. This indicates that as inflation increases, the JCI decreases. The exchange rate has a substantial negative effect on the JCI. This demonstrates that the exchange rate variable has a direct effect on the direction of the high exchange rate, lowering the JCI in the process. The SBI interest rate has no effect on the JCI and is rather detrimental to it. This indicates that when the number of SBI interest rates increases, the CSPI remains same. The Dow Jones index has a sizable positive correlation with the CSPI. This indicates that the Dow Jones index's rise has an effect on the JCI. By a factor of 0.982, the Dow Jones Index has the greatest effect on work motivation, followed by inflation, exchange rates, and SBI interest rates on the IHSG on the 2013-2018 Stock Exchange.


List of filed trips that provide an opportunity to see applications of chemistry in the real world. From "Chemistry for Citizens: A Symposium".


The synthesis, colour, and constitution of methine dyes formed by condensation of benzaldehydes and nitrosobenzenes with dicyanovinyl analogues of indane-1,3-dione have been investigated. 3-Dicyanovinylindan-1-one (3) and 1,3-bisdicyanovinylindane (5) give magenta (λmax.ca. 560 nm) and blue (λmax.ca. 600 nm) dyes respectively with 4-dialkylaminobenzaldehydes. Aza analogues formed from (3) and (5) and 4-dialkylaminonitrosobenzenes are significantly more bathchromic, and the exceptional shift in the case of dyes formed from (5)(ca. 150 nm) permits the synthesis of a new class of dyes absorbing in the near-i.r. region, with absorption maxima in the range 700–850 nm.


This study describes reanalyses of MIPAS CH4 and N2O observations by the Belgian Assimilation System for Chemical ObsErvations (BASCOE). Here, MIPAS ESA v6 at the optimized spectral resolution and from the nominal mode of observations have been assimilated. The study shows the added value of data assimilation in using the information of the averaging kernels as well as the information of the background error covariance matix. This allows the system to regularize the vertical distribution of CH4 and N2O, which presents vertical oscillations in the MIPAS ESA observations. The reanalyses agree generally well with ACEFTS v3.5. Nevertheless, irrealistic time discontinuities that come from the assimilated data are found such that filtering/averaging of these reanalyses


The HbbTV 2.0 specification, published in 2015 by the Hybrid Broadcast Broadband TV (HbbTV) Association aims to integrate companion screen devices (mobile devices, tablets, etc) into HbbTV environment. This enables broadcasters to utilize second screen devices in order to show additional content-related information, stream broadcast content or launch and install native applications. In this paper we present an environment and tools used for verifying DIAL functionalities on HbbTV 2.0 compatible devices.


Plasma refractive index effects in pulsed HCN lasers, calculating stable cavity mirror curvatures constriction as function of electron density by ray matrix approach