Objective
To study the clinical efficacy of laparoscopic supraclavicular myofascial space separation in totally extraperitoneal hernia repair (TEP).

Methods
The ninety patients with inguinal hernia who underwent TEP from November 2015 to July 2017 in Hanzhong City Mianxian Hospital were randomly selected. They were divided into test group and control group according to the random comparison table, with 45 cases in each group. The test group underwent laparoscopic TEP combined with the spatial separation and anatomy of the pubic symphysis of the pubis, while the control group received simple laparoscopic TEP. Immunohistochemical SP method and radioimmunoassay analysis was used to measure matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) content and expression of serum tissue in the collagen content medium of the test group (divided into direct inguinal hernia group and indirect inguinal hernia group).

Results
The operation time, eating time, postoperative ambulation time and postoperative hospitalization time after surgery of the test group was lower than the control group, the differences were statistically significant (t=9.012, 4.601, 12.306, 5.235, all P<0.001). The postoperative chronic pain, sensory nerve abnormalities and the incidence of scrotal hematoma in the test group were significantly lower than those in the control group (χ2=2.362, 1.523, 4.987, P=0.017, 0.016, 0.041). There was no incision infection in the two groups. The test group had better surgical efficacy rate than the control group, the difference was statistically significant (χ2=4.106, P=0.019). Compared with the indirect hernia group, the expression of MMP-2 and type Ⅲ collagen in direct hernia group were significantly higher, the content of the type I collagen in direct hernia group was significantly decreased (t=5.321, 4.936, 5.374, P=0.041, 0.021, 0.031).

Conclusions
TEP shows good curative effect, quick recovery and less postoperative complications of laparoscopic observation in surgical space anatomy to establish four spaces in the pubis muscle area, which is worthy of extensive promotion. The effect of MMP-2 on collagen degradation in adult inguinal hernia is related to the formation of adult inguinal hernia.

Key words:
Laparoscopes; Myopectineal orifice; Spatial separation; Hernia, groin


In the literature of second language teaching and learning, culture and language have always been assumed to be interdependent. Their interdependence comes from the fact that language is not a code free from culture, but an embodiment of it. However, there is still a need, from the part of teachers, to realize the importance of integrating culture with language study. Using a three- Points Likert scale questionnaire, the current study aims at investigating teachers' perceptions of culture teaching in English as a foreign language classrooms at the University of Jeddah. Moreover, it aims at discovering the type of cultural competence teachers seek to promote; whether it is intercultural or multicultural. The results show that female teachers support the study of the target culture. Furthermore, the results indicate that teachers' perceptions lean more towards promoting multicultural competence instead of intercultural one.


A SVNN is just a common number whose exact worth is to some degree dubious from a philosophical perspective. Presented single valued neutrosophic numbers (SVNN) which is a speculation of fuzzy numbers and intuitionistic fuzzy numbers. Here, we will discuss about special types of SVNN. Additionally, presented a few procedures on single valued trapezoidal. At last, developed single valued trapezoidal neutrosophic measure and its applications in multi-criteria decision making.


Abstract Long term crop cultivation affects the soil indigenous nutrient supply which is the basis of sustainable nutrient management. The field experiment was conducted during 2015-2019 to study the effects of nutrient omission on rice yield and soil inherent nutrient supply capacity in a rice -fallow- rice cropping system under wetland condition. The experiment received seven treatments [Control, recommended dose of NPKSZn fertilizer, (-N)PKSZn, N(-P)KSZn, NP(-K)SZn, NPK(-S)Zn and NPKS(-Zn)] in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The highest yield reduction was found with the omission of N in each rice crop illustrating that N was the most deficient nutrient in the soil. After three cropping years, omission of P and K significantly reduced the rice grain yield indicating that although initially the soil could supply these nutrients, they should be added to soil for continuous rice cultivation. However, no significant yield reduction was observed due to Zn omission, while the results of S omission was inconsistent. The contribution of soil to rice yield varied with crop growing seasons and was higher in Aman season (67%) compared to Boro season (43%). The recommended fertilizer dose sustained the rice yield during the study period. However, after five years of rice cropping soil available P and K content reduced from its initial content even in the recommended fertilizer treatment. Therefore, our study suggests that in long term crop cultivation the fertilizer dose should be updated regularly to maintain sustainable yield and soil health.


Abstract
OBJECTIVE:
The study sought to establish the feasibility and acceptability of anal screening among men who have sex with men (MSM).
DESIGN:
Prospective cohort study.
SETTING:
Sexual health clinics in tertiary care.
SUBJECTS:
Known HIV positive and negative MSM who have anoreceptive intercourse.
INTERVENTION:
Anal screening with HPV testing, liquid based cytology and high resolution anoscopy with biopsy of anoscopic abnormalities. Participants completed questionnaires at baseline and at six months.
RESULTS:
Anal HPV was highly prevalent in MSM (HIV positive, 88% and HIV negative, 78%). Despite the high prevalence of cytological abnormality in both HIV positive (46.2%) and negative (35.0%) MSM, almost half of AIN of all grades were associated with negative cytology. Anoscopically directed biopsies detected AIN3 or worse (AIN3+) in 14/203 (6.9%) of HIV positive MSM and 3/81 (3.7%) HIV negative MSM. The corresponding prevalence of AIN2+ was 26.6% and 20.9% respectively. One case of AIN3 was detected at the second visit. Screening was considered to be highly acceptable by participants.
CONCLUSIONS:
The high prevalence of HR-HPV and frequency of false negative cytology suggest that HRA would have most clinical utility in this study, as a primary screening tool for anal cancer in a high risk group. The prevalence of AIN3+ in HIV positive MSM lends support for a policy of screening this group, but the high prevalence of lower grade lesions which do not warrant immediate treatment and the limitations of treating high grade lesions requires careful consideration in terms of a screening policy.


In the beginning of November, Israel has given an official recognition to China 's status of complete market economy. What is the significance of this event? What influence will Israel 's recognition bring to the bilateral economic and trade relations ? etc. With these questions born in mind, China's Foreign Trade magazine interviewed Dr. Yehoyada Haim, Israel Ambassador in November.……


The method of an electric motor assembly and associated pipe sleeve, said pipe sleeve electric motor assembly comprising: a drill string comprising inner and outer tubes; and an electric motor; wherein said power provided by the electric motor the inner tube acts as a conductor and at least the outer tube supplied.


difficulty, provide patients with painfree, pleasant treatment. ButY between 'day dreams, let us remember that Buck Rogers, D.D.S., is not scheduled for arrival until the 25th century. In all likelihood, unless some unforeseen developments take place in science, none of us will be around to meet him. Therefore, in the present era of pioneering spirit, let us face the reality of growing pains in the field of anesthesiology. If we work hard now, our grandchildren-or maybe even our childrenmay see Dr. Ryan's predictions come true. B.L.D.


Data interview is an important part in applied program development.Visual Basic becomes to be an better tools of database programming,for it provides DAO data Access mode,RDO Remote data object mode and ADO data interview technology based on the opening data source ODBC.In this paper we discuss the interview technology mentioned above and some applied cases are given.


This research is aimed at designing a DAB signal repeater, also known as gap filler, to solve the problem of the dead zone of electromagnetic wave caused by scattering of the buildings. Besides providing the function of solving the dead zone problem, this repeater can also relay and improve the signals which are shielded by the buildings. In this work, the designed gap filler for digital radio frequency will cover both BandIII and L-Band DAB systems. The desired frequency bands are from 170~240MHz and 1452~1492MHz. The gap filler circuit is divided into two parts, low noise amplifier (LNA) and power amplifier (PA). These two individual circuit components are integrated by a single frequency network time delay controller. External receiving antenna and transmitting antenna are chosen to match with the amplifier system. The active device used in the low noise amplifier and power amplifier are respectively BFG25W and BFG21W manufactured by Philips Company. For designing the amplifier, the Advanced Design System 2004A was being utilized to analyze and simulate the circuit for the impedance matching. During this study, a large number of surface mounted devices of lump elements were being used for making the impedance matching in the frequency range. All the circuits were mounted on the FR4 printed circuit board and the S parameter were measured by the network analyzer.


We introduce the idea of using adiabatic rotation to generate superpositions of a large class of quantum states. For quantum computing this is an interesting alternative to the well-studied ``straight line'' adiabatic evolution. In ways that complement recent results, we show how to efficiently prepare three types of states: Kitaev's toric code state, the cluster state of the measurement-based computation model, and the history state used in the adiabatic simulation of a quantum circuit. We also show that the method, when adapted for quantum search, provides quadratic speedup as other optimal methods do with the advantages that the problem Hamiltonian is time independent and that the energy gap above the ground state is strictly nondecreasing with time. Likewise the method can be used for optimization as an alternative to the standard adiabatic algorithm.


While oncoproteins encoded by small DNA tumor viruses and Epstein‐Barr virus (EBV) latent antigens facilitate G1/S progression, the EBV lytic switch transactivator Zta was found to inhibit growth by causing cell cycle arrest in G0/G1 in several epithelial tumor cell lines. Expression of Zta results in induction of the tumor suppressor protein, p53, and the cyclin‐dependent kinase inhibitors, p21 and p27, as well as accumulation of hypophosphorylated pRb. Up‐regulation of p53 and p27 occurs by post‐transcriptional mechanisms while expression of p21 is induced at the RNA level in a p53‐dependent manner. Inactivation of pRb by transient overexpression of the human papillomavirus E7 oncoprotein indicates that pRb or pRb‐related proteins are key mediators of the growth‐inhibitory function of Zta. These findings suggest that EBV plays an active role in redirecting epithelial cell physiology to facilitate the viral replicative program through a Zta‐mediated growth arrest function.


Objective
To evaluate the effect of dexmedetomidine on necroptosis during intestinal injury in rats undergoing autologous orthotopic liver transplantation (AOLT).

Methods
Twenty-four SPF adult male Sprague-Dawley rats, aged 8-10 weeks, weighing 250-280 g, were divided into 3 groups (n=8 each) using a random number table method: sham operation group (group S), AOLT group (group T) and dexmedetomidine group (group D). Dexmedetomidine 50 μg/kg was intraperitoneally injected at 30 min before surgery in group D. Blood samples were collected from the inferior vena cava at 6 h after opening the hepatic portal vein (at 6 h after the end of surgery in group S) for determination of serum diamine oxidase (DAO), D-lactic acid (D-LA) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) concentrations.The intestine was removed for examination of the pathological changes (with a light microscope) and for determination of the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) content and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity (using spectrophotometry) and expression of receptor-interacting protein kinase-1 (RIPK1), RIPK3, and mixed lineage kinase domain-like (MLKL) in intestinal tissues (by Western blot). Intestinal damage was assessed and scored according to Chiu.

Results
Compared with group S, the serum DAO, D-LA, TNF-α and IL-10 concentrations, intestinal MDA content and Chiu′s score were significantly increased, the SOD activity was decreased, and the expression of RIPK1, RIPK3 and MLKL was up-regulated in group T (P<0.05). Compared with group T, the serum DAO, D-LA and TNF-α concentrations, intestinal MDA content and Chiu′s score were significantly decreased, the SOD activity and serum IL-10 concentration were increased, and the expression of RIPK1, RIPK3 and MLKL was down-regulated in group D (P<0.05).

Conclusion
The mechanism by which dexmedetomidine attenuates intestinal injury is related to inhibiting necroptosis in rats undergoing AOLT.

Key words:
Dexmedetomidine; Liver transplantation; Intestine; Necrosis


matrix metalloproteinase-2(MMP-2)is involved in ischemia/reperfusion injured by disrupting basement membrane,damaging the blood-brain barrier,formatting vasogenic brain edema,activating inflammatory cytokines,mediating inflammatory response,causing inflammatory cell infiltration,directly leading to ongoing cell apoptosis.MMP-2 involves in formation of atherosclerotic plaque and the high level can induce rupture of atherosclerotic plaque.The serum levels of MMP-2 can help to predict the degree of clinical condition,sizes of the lesions and prognosis of cerebral infarction patients.MMP-2 may be associated with occurrence and development of cerebral infarction.Inhibiting the activity of MMP-2 may be useful in the prevention and treatment of cerebral infarction.


ABSTRACT
 Critical reporting (piping-baodao) has long been considered one of the most important journalistic tools in China, exhibiting great democratic potential. However, the media environment for such reporting has become precarious over the past decade, raising the questions of how much space is left for critical reporting and how it is related to the media–state dynamics. Drawing on a 15-year longitudinal content analysis of how The Beijing News—an outspoken newspaper—reported corruption, this study explored the evolution of critical reporting in China. The results revealed that critical reporting is still a small-scale, non-routine journalistic practice. A detailed analysis was conducted to determine how media resources and power relations shaped critical reporting. The results showed that critical reporting has tended to take a resource-intense format and require non-official sources. Furthermore, critical reporting was more pronounced with respect to the coverage of low-ranking officials and officials outside the newspaper's parent region. Broader implications of these findings have been discussed. Overall, the present study advances the understanding of critical journalism in an authoritarian context and explores its relations with the state.


The invention discloses a ballastless track rigidity adjusting device. The device comprises a pier, an abutment arranged on a roadbed, beams arranged on the pier, a track board laid on the abutment and the beams, and a steel rail fixed to the track board through fasteners, wherein the track board is disconnected at the portions where the abutment is combined with the beams or at the portions where every two adjacent beams are combined, and minitype supporting bridges used for regulating the beam end rotation angle and vertical stagger of the beams so as to reduce the pull-up force on the fasteners to guarantee the travel safety and stability of a train are arranged between the portions, formed after disconnection, of the track board. The requirements of train load, temperature load, beam deflection and beam flexibility for the structure are met, and the section depth of a main board is reduced remarkably so as to be matched with the height of the flat track board conveniently; meanwhile, the head room between the bottom surface of the main board and top surface of each beam is enlarged, so that enough clearance is provided for rotation and vertical displacement of the beams, the influence of beam deformation on the structure of the track board is reduced, the pull-up force on the fasteners is reduced, and the travel safety of the train and the comfort level of passengers are guaranteed.


Study of the history and nature of masculinity as a socially constructed concept may not affirm an idea or a definition, but a set of conflicting definitions and images that are consistently changing over time. Research on gender role suggests that the conception of masculinity has evolved over time in response to social and historical events (Brod, 1987; Kimmel, 1987).The visual representations of masculinity in print advertisements have also witnessed variations over time, suggesting shifts in social beliefs about males. This paper aims to understand the transition in the images of masculinity by studying the male representations in old and modern Indian print advertisements. Five advertisements, each from the pre-noughties and post noughties era, were selected, through a hand search of advertisements online, and analysed using semiotic analyses. The findings suggest that there is a visible transition in the idea of what constitutes masculinity. The older advertisements focused on hegemonic representations of masculinity with style, success, and power as being strong indicators of masculinity, whereas the modern advertisements emphasized male bodies, anti-femininity, playboy images and usage of gendered products as signs of masculinity and the achievement of the same.


Due to a recent upsurge in the popularity of Englis h, there is a plethora of native (NS) and non-nativ e (NNS) English as a Foreign Language (EFL) teachers worldwide. While a number of research projects were conducted to investigate NNS teachers' teaching sty les, there is hardly any research available on the NS teacher. This paper presents a qualitative study that aims t o explore how NS teachers experience teaching in a foreign language classroom and how their self-perception ca n be characterized. For the purpose of the investig ation a group of NS teachers (n=18) were requested to fill in a questionnaire and participate in a semi-struct ured interview. The results show that although the NS te ach r's inability to use the students' mother tongu e is very favourable in fluency-developing tasks, it can be a disadvantage in certain vocabulary building tasks. The term "seasonal native teacher" was introduced by a parti cipant, referring to someone who decides to teach E nglish temporarily, as a way of finding easy income in a f oreign country; these seasonal native teachers are, in almost every aspect, different from qualified NS teachers. It was also found that a closer cooperation betwee n NS and NNS teachers would facilitate teaching for both gro ups.


Prcviously in 111 we used crasurc networks to modcl ad-hoc nctworks and cxplorcd the capacity relationship between a network with erasures and its underlying network without crasurcs. We showed the capacity relationship C = 6C' for several discrete memoryless networks, where (Y = 1 - Q is the probability of i.i.d. erasures, e is the erasure network capacity, and C: is the underlying network capacity. Wc now extend these results to Gaussian channels and to arbitrary discrete memory- less networks with dependent links. I. INTRODUCTION Consider an ad-hoc network in which node movement, signal blockage, fading, or other factors cause links between nodes to be crcatcd and dcstroycd. Altcmativcly considcr a packct loss nct- work in which packcts arc droppcd duc to various rcasons, such as queue bul'rer overflows. We model these link and packet losses as crasurcs, and wc arc intcrcstcd in the cffcct of thcsc dynamic aspccts on networ! capacity. To explore this erfect we compare the network capacity C with crasurcs to its undcrlying nctwork capacity C with- out crasurcs.


In 1993, the Trent Regional Taskforce (TRT) allocated £500000 to hospitals in the region to fund a number of innovative nursing posts (Read and Graves, 1994). These were primarily designed to help reduce the workload of doctors in training. The services that have been established as a result of this project include nurse-led preadmission clinics, minor injury services, emergency psychiatric assessment and cardiology day care.


Mark Z. Danielewski's The Fifty Year Sword is , described on the author's website as 'an illustrated short story,' but it is entirely in keeping with major works (House of Leaves, Only Revolutions) in the way that it thoroughly problematises its narration. As with Danielewski's novels the narrators are distinguished by striking typographic devices and page design, in this case, as the dust jacket puts it, by the author 'mischievously playing with layout [and] colour'. The essay proceeds to read the text and its presentation as integrally linked.


The interfacial structures of ZnSe/GaAs which were grown by single chamber MBE at were investigated by high resolution transmission electron microscope working at 300 kV with resolution of 0.18 nm. The interfaces of ZnSe/GaAs whose thickness is 2,700 nm are wavy and extensive stacking faults were formed in ZnSe epilayer but the interfaces maintained the coherency with the substrate GaAs. The stacking faults are formed in {111} planes and their sizes are in length and two or three atomic layer in width with the density of . Micortwins and moire fringes are also observed. However. in 10 nm ZnSe epilayer, the interfaces are pseudomorphic and only moire fringes are observed in local areas. The cylindrical defects which are perpendicular to the interface with in length, were observed with the interval of 50 nm at ZnSe/GaAs interfaces in 2,700nm epilayer. The origin and character of these defects are unknown, however, they played a role of producing the structural defects at the interfaces.


Overlay networks allow node source routing.But due to selfish routing and out-dated information,source routing sometimes results in bad performance.We propose a routing scheme based on randomization to avoid the routing conflicts.It is interesting to find that,in random routing method,choosing two route candidates will gain comparatively better performance without bringing too much cost.By testing random routing and traditional selfish scheme under different network conditions,we find that traffic load has little impact on the comparison of these two methods,which method is better mainly depends on the topology they are running on.Selfish method is indeed more efficient in topologies with low connectivity,but as the connection degree increases,random routing scheme can obtain dramatic improvement over selfish routing.


Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of goniotomy on patients with primary angle-closure glaucoma who underwent "phacoemulsification and visco-goniosynechialysis." Materials and methods: This prospective randomized clinical trial was carried out on 63 eyes of 61 patients (48–85 years) with primary angle-closure glaucoma who were enrolled. The subjects were randomly assigned into two groups. In the first group (32 eyes) and the second group (31 eyes), the patients underwent "phacoemulsification + visco-goniosynechialysis + goniotomy" and "phacoemulsification + visco-goniosynechialysis," respectively. Intraocular pressure and antiglaucoma medication were evaluated (1 week, as well as 1, 3, and 6 months after the surgery). Anterior segment optical coherence tomography parameters (Casia, Tomey, USA) and goniotomy were evaluated preoperatively and 6 months after the surgery. Results: The mean intraocular pressure lowering the effects in the "phacoemulsification + visco-goniosynechialysis + goniotomy" group was higher than that in the "phacoemulsification + visco-goniosynechialysis" group (6.93 and 4.6, respectively). Furthermore, the difference in intraocular pressure between the two groups was significant at 3 months (P = 0.014) and 6 months (P = 0.021) after the surgery. There was no difference in anterior segment optical coherence tomography findings before the intervention; however, after the intervention, the anterior segment optical coherence tomography indices were significantly different between the two groups. Moreover, the difference in "phacoemulsification + visco-goniosynechialysis + goniotomy" indices was more than the changes in the "phacoemulsification + visco-goniosynechialysis" group. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that phacoemulsification + visco-goniosynechialysis + goniotomy is a more effective surgery than phacoemulsification + visco-goniosynechialysis alone in undercounted primary angle-closure glaucoma.


Nowadays, there is a growing debate about the role of collective bargaining in Brazilian labour regulation. Nonetheless, is it possible to discuss such a role without debating the collective actors engaged in that bargaining? The answer is probably no, at least with respect to labour actors (unions), which face several problems. There are thousands of unions in Brazil, spread by every economic sector, professional branch and region of the country. At a first glance, this would seem very promising in order to foster a 'contractual' (or 'negotiated') labour regulation, which could partially substitute a 'legislative' one. However, on average, those unions present a fragile constituency, with few workers in their social base, as well as a small affiliation among them. As a result of this frail constituency, unions gather little resources (including financial ones) to negotiate new forms of labour regulation. To overcome those problems, some structural (and historical) changes seem necessary, in order to get more representative and effective unions in Brazil. Among those changes, it is possible to mention those derived of the ratification and/or the regulation of International Labour Organization conventions – for example, Conventions no 87, 98, 135, 141 and 151.


As finance is the core of modern economy,the problem of disequilibrium in regional economy brought about by China's rapid economic growth can be analyzed from the perspective of financial influence upon economy.For each kind of economic development there is a corresponding financial development,but in reality,there is often a mismatch between economic growth and financial development which results in such problems as financial excess and financial deficiency.Our theoretical model based on the relationship between economic growth and financial reveals that the important internal reason for the imbalanced development of China's regional economy is that the financial system cannot match the economic development.Therefore,financial policy plays an important role in solving disequilibrium of regional economy.


The novel simulation process based on the dual probe method and an enhanced partial element equivalent circuit (PEEC) is developed and validated. With a proper calibration process, the proposed method allows us to determine the common mode (CM) loop impedance of the complex cable system in vehicles at the early design stages. These CM loop impedances will be useful for designing a cable system, which should be immune to electrical interference. The method is validated against the standard enhanced partial element equivalent circuit (PEEC) and Method of Moments (MoM) as well as measured data. Then, the proposed workflow is used for the analysis of grounding configurations of the common rail pressure system in the vehicle. Simulation results are compared with measurements.


Based on internet,it's reserve-typed studying net station to make wide and profound researches on a certain special item. With the popularity of computers and the fast development of internet construction,it is of great importance to build multimedia studying resources based on internet and the net station for special item studies. The constructionsand development of internet station for volleyball studies fully embodies modern education techniques and major courses as an organic whole,effectively it can improve the studying process and the results,and it can train student's creativity. Here we' re to prove and research into the magnificence of this station construction and its designing,developing process,to offer some new ideas and ways of physical teaching,studying reform and development.


Objective:To construct recombinant HPSE transgenic lentivirus and interference plasmid.To investigate the molecular mechanism of HPSE in tumor invasion and metastasis.Methods:The amplifion of full-length heparanase cDNA fragment and the best siRNA interference filters were carried out by PCR and Real-time PCR method.The lentiviral vector plasmid was used by siRNA pSico and pWPI system srespectively.The restriction enzyme quickconnection method was used to join the target genes and the best best siRNA interference fragment with plasmid.The identification of expression vector was used by nucleotide sequence analysis.The cells were transfected with HPSE recombinant plasmid and siRNA fragments by using liposome transfection method.Results:The full-length of heparanase was successfully amplified and connected into the pWPI vector.The recombinant HPSE gene sequencing results significant homology with the 99%.There was postitive expression of HPSE gene in 293T cells transfected by recombinant HPSE gene plasmid.The best siRNA interference fragment selected was HPSE-1222,and successfully inserted into pSico vector.Recombinant vector sequence displays exactly the same sequence of shRNA structure.Construction:The heparanase recombinant lentiviral transfer and siRNA interference plasmids were constructioned Successfully.It would be to lay the foundation for investigatig the molecular mechanism of HPSE in tumor invasion and metastasis.


Aiming at the impact of induction coil parameters on the heating temperature field,finite element calculation of induction heating processes under different process parameters' levels was carried out,using ANSYS and magnetic-thermo coupling analysis. The impact of the induction coils shape,the distance between the induction coils and the heating surface,the width of the copper tube,and the distance between these copper tubes on the heating temperature field were studied by comparing the simulating results. And an induction heating temperature test experiment using a plate as the heated object was designed to testify the simulation results. The results indicate that the shape of induction heating temperature field is similar to the shape of the coil. The closer the coil and heating surface,the higher the heating temperature amplitude,while the distance between the coil and heating surface has little impact on the temperature field. The slenderer the copper tube and the closer the copper tubes,the higher the maximum heating temperature,and the high temperature area moves towards the edge of the plate.


The impact of leisure time or recreational physical activity (RPA) on cancer risk has been extensively studied. However, the association of the occupational physical activity (OPA), which differs in dose and intensity from RPA, with different cancers including esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), has received less attention. Here, we present data from a case-control study which was conducted for assessing the risk factors for ESCC. Histopathologically confirmed 703 ESCC cases and 1664 controls, individually matched to the respective cases for age, sex and district of residence were recruited. Information on type, duration and intensity of physical activity was obtained in face-to-face interviews with participants using a structured questionnaire. Conditional logistic regression models were used to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs). A high level of occupational physical activity was associated with increased ESCC risk (OR = 2.17, 95% CI; 1.41 – 3.32), compared to subjects with moderate occupational physical activity. The association with ESCC risk was stronger in strenuous workers (OR = 3.64, 95% CI; 2.13 – 6.20). The association of strenuous OPA with ESCC risk persisted only in subjects that were involved in strenuous activities for equal to or greater than 5days/week. Our study suggests a possible association of strenuous occupational physical activity with ESCC risk. Although, our results were adjusted for multiple factors including indicators of socioeconomic status, more replicative occupational epidemiological studies are needed to rule out any residual confounding.


Starting 2020 with an open mind! The new Editor-in-Chief of ChemistryOpen Francesca Novara looks back on her first year with the journal and discusses the increasingly strong position of ChemistryOpen in a developing open access world.


In this work, we determined the morphological, structural, and photocatalytic properties of SnO2/rGO nanocomposites dependent on hydrothermal synthesis temperature. SnO2/rGO nanocomposites were synthesized with a hydrothermal method from SnCl4.5H2O, NaOH, and graphene oxide (GO) precursors at temperatures ranging from 100 to 200 °C. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis showed that the average particle size of SnO2 nanocrystals increased with hydrothermal temperature, although the tetragonal rutile crystalline structure of SnO2 did not change as the hydrothermal temperature increased. SnO2 nanoparticles and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) sheets were observed in all SnO2/rGO samples obtained with different hydrothermal temperatures. Raman spectra indicated that GO was successfully reduced to rGO, and that SnO2 nanocrystals formed during the hydrothermal process. At an excitation wavelength of 270 nm, the photoluminescence emission band of SnO2 nanocrystals increased in intensity with increasing hydrothermal temperature, while the emission intensity of the SnO2 defects decreased. The photocatalytic properties of the nanocomposites were significantly improved when the hydrothermal temperature was raised from 100 to 180 °C.


In a recent article, Konwar et al. [ Langmuir 2022, 38, 11087-11098.] reported a new relationship between the structure of clusters of superparamagnetic nanoparticles and the proton nuclear magnetic resonance transverse relaxation they induce. In this comment, we would like to express reservations concerning the adequacy of the new relaxation model proposed in this work.


This study describes the benthic invertebrate communities of 20 benchmark streams in agricultural areas of eastern Wisconsin. Streams with minimal adverse effects from human activity were selected from four agricultural areas with differing surficial deposits and bedrock types (relatively homogeneous units, or RHU's). Most aquatic invertebrate orders were well represented in the 20 benchmark stream samples; 217 species and 151 genera within 56 families were identified. Diptera was the best represented order (96 species), followed by Trichoptera (42 species) and Ephemeroptera (26 species). Diptera were the most abundant organisms in terms of numbers of individuals in the sample (28 percent of the total) followed by Trichoptera (25 percent) and Ephemeroptera (13 percent). Nine species of freshwater mussels were found, but only in 5 of the 20 benchmark streams. Community measures were calculated for the following: total number of individuals; number of species; number of families; Margalef's diversity index; percent dominant family; percent Ephemeroptera-Plecoptera-Trichoptera (EPT); ratio of EPT to Chironomidae; percent shredders; ratio of scrapers to collectors-gatherers-filterers; Hilsenhoff's Biotic Index; Hilsenhoff's family level biotic index; and mean tolerance value. The S AS statistical software package was used for calculations of variance and correlations, normality checks, and principal components analysis of these measures and to find relations between benthic-invertebrate data and environmental-setting, habitat, and water-quality data. Coefficients of variation within the RHU's were as great or greater than those for all 20 streams for most measures and RHU's. The specific taxa assemblages present at the sites did not show distinct differences between RHU's or similarities within the RHU's. The covariance and the Kruskal-Wallis tests showed that the benthic invertebrate measures were not related to RHU. These results all indicate that the combined effect of the RHU variables (bedrock geology, texture of surficial deposits, and land use/land cover) were not elemental in describing invertebrate communities in the study-area streams. A principal components analysis (PCA) was done on the 20 benchmark streams which used the invertebrate population measures as variables. A three-dimensional ordination plot of these components revealed that 18 of the 20 streams could be divided into three groups relative to stream size, available habitat, and water quality. The three classifications of streams include large, warmer streams with slight pollution; deep, mixed-water streams with minimal pollution; and small, cold, pristine headwater streams. The two streams not defined by the three PCA groupings were not suitable to represent benchmark conditions. One site lacked suitable quality habitat or sufficient nutrients to support a healthy population of invertebrates, causing low Abstract 1 measures of diversity. The other site appeared to be affected by sedimentation and low flows. The classification groupings did not show any significant relations to percentage agricultural land use. Percentage of agricultural land use varied greatly within each group and the means for each group were similar. All streams in this study had some level of protection from agricultural practices in their basins. Although the intensity of agriculture is known to be a factor causing deterioration of invertebrate populations in past studies, the finding in this study indicated that the level of protection the stream received and other factors such as environmental setting and habitat could be more important to benthic invertebrates than the percentage of agriculture in the basin. Information gathered from these benchmark streams can be used as a regional reference for comparison with other streams in agricultural areas, based on communities of aquatic biota, habitat, and water quality. INTRODUCTION In 1991, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) began implementation of the National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Program. The objectives of the NAWQA Program are to (1) describe current water-quality conditions for a large part of the Nation's freshwater streams, rivers, and aquifers, (2) describe trends in water quality over time, and (3) improve understanding of the primary natural and human factors that affect water-quality conditions. This information will be useful for planning future management actions and examining their likely consequences. In all, 60 study units are planned to begin activities on a staggered time scale (Leahy and others, 1990). The Western Lake Michigan Drainages study unit was selected as one of the first 20 study units and began data collection and analysis in 1991. The effects of agriculture on stream biota is an important issue in the study unit. The introduction of sediments, organic matter, nutrients, and toxic substances such as pesticides into a stream and the effects of channelization and habitat loss may cause deterioration of water quality in agricultural areas (Pajak and others, 1994). Although numerous studies of the aquatic biota and habitat of agriculturally affected streams have been done in the Western Lake Michigan Drainages, very few studies focused on defining the composition of healthy stream communities; that is, those with limited adverse anthropogenic effects. In order for scientists and water-resources managers to measure the effects of changes in agricultural practices on stream communities or the extent of degradation at affected sites, biological communities of healthy streams need to be identified to provide benchmarks against which comparisons can be made. In response to this need, the Western Lake Michigan Drainages study unit team identified 20 minimally affected stream sites to serve as benchmarks for subsequent studies of aquatic communities. Purpose and Scope This report provides information on the benthic invertebrate communities of 20 benchmark streams in agricultural areas of eastern Wisconsin. Environmental characteristics of bedrock geology, texture of surficial deposits, and land use/land cover that are believed to influence water quality in the WMIC study unit were used to subdivided the study unit into 28 relatively homogeneous units (RHU's) (Robertson and Saad, 1996). The 20 benchmark streams sampled are in four of the largest RHU's in the study unit (1,3, 20, and 26) (Robertson and Saad, 1996). The four RHU's have primarily agricultural land use and differing bedrock and surficial geology. The benchmark streams were sampled for this study from May 1993 through July 1995. The distribution, relative abundance, and community structure of the benthic invertebrates of these streams are discussed based upon samples collected at specific stream reaches described in the environmental settings report by Rheaume and others (1996). Information is provided for macroinvertebrate communities including richness measures, enumeration, functional feeding groups, and biotic indices of these invertebrate populations. Summaries of sampling gear and techniques, sample-identification procedures, and usefulness of various benthic invertebrate measures are included in this report. Effects of environmental setting, habitat, and water quality on benthic invertebrate communities are discussed. The 20 streams are classified into groups and their suitability as benchmark sites for invertebrate communities are discussed. Benthic Invertebrates of Benchmark Streams in Agricultural Areas of Eastern Wisconsin Western Lake Michigan Drainages The benthic-invertebrate information included in this report represents only part of the biotic information collected at these streams in the Western Lake Michigan Drainages study unit of the NAWQA Program. Other information collected to define benchmark streams in agricultural areas include environmental settings, habitat, and the algal and fish communities at these sites. Western Lake Michigan Drainages Study Unit The Western Lake Michigan Drainages study unit encompasses a 51,541 km2 area in eastern Wisconsin and the Upper Peninsula of Michigan (fig. 1, inset map). Ten major rivers drain the study unit: the Escanaba and Ford Rivers in Michigan; the Menominee River, which partially defines the state boundary between Wisconsin and Michigan; the Peshtigo and Oconto Rivers in northeastern Wisconsin; the Fox/ Wolf River complex in east-central Wisconsin, which drains into Green Bay; and the Manitowoc, Sheboygan, and Milwaukee Rivers, which drain the southeastern part of the study unit. The overall population in the study unit is 2,435,000 (U.S. Bureau of Census, 1991). The major cities and their populations are Milwaukee, 628,000; Green Bay, 96,000; Racine, 84,000; Kenosha, 80,000; and Appleton, 66,000. Agriculture is the major land use, with 37 percent of the study unit devoted to cropland and 6 percent to pasture. About 40 percent of the study unit, predominantly the northwestern part, is forested; here streams and lakes offer excellent opportunities for fishing, boating, and other recreation. Lake Winnebago, a 555,442-hectare lake in the Fox River Basin, is a major surface-water feature of the study unit. Study Design The 20 benchmark streams sampled are in four of the largest RHU's in the study unit (1,3, 20, and 26) (fig. 1). RHU 1 (clayey surficial deposits over carbonate bedrock) and RHU 3 (sandy-till surficial deposits over carbonate bedrock) are in adjacent agricultural areas in the Southeastern Wisconsin Till Plains ecoregion. RHU 20 (sandy surficial deposits over igneous and metamorphic bedrock) and RHU 26 (sandy surficial deposits over sandstone bedrock) are in adjacent areas of agriculture and mixed forests in the North Central Hardwood Forests ecoregion (Omernik and Gallant, 1988). Twenty benchmark streams in these four RHU's were selected for sampling (table 1). RHU and landscape classifications, regional ecological patterns, land-cover and land-use informat


AIKOIOV, 140 Aeschylus, two problems in, 187 Agam. (40 sqq.), 104 (42 sqq.), 23 Seftem c. Thebas (101 sq.), 166 Agamemnon of Aeschylus, suggestions on the, 16 444, and a Galatian inscription, 55 Agar (T. L.). suggestions on the Agamemnon of Aeschylus, 16 Alexandrian poets, recent editions of the, 2 Allbutt (Sir Clifford), notice of Taylor's Greek Biology and Medicine, and Singer's Greek Biology and Greek Medicine, 129 Allen's (P. S. and A. M.) Opus Epistolarum Des. Erasmi Roterodami, Vol. IV., noticed, 125 Allobroga, 60 Anderson (J. G. C), notice of Gsell's Inscriptions Latines de VAlg&rie, 174 notice of Mattingly's Coins of the Roman Empire in the British Museum, 175 Appleton's Ludi Persici, noticed, 83 Aristophanes, Birds (700), 113 Frogs (1203), 10 Arnaldi's Le Idee Politiche Morali e Religiose di Tacito, noticed, 191 Athena's temple at Lindos, chronicle of, 140 Athenaeus, notes on, 114 Atkinson (D.)> notice of Henderson's Life and Principate of the Emperor Hadrian, 170 notice of Boak's History of Rome, 171 Bacchylides Papyrus, some notes on the, 148 Bailey (C), notice of Duff's T. Lucreti Can de Return Natura Liber Primus, 119 notice of Halliday's Lectures on the History of Roman Religion, 123 notice of Pease's Cicero : De Divinatione, 311 notice of Tromp's De Romanorum Piaculis, 81 Bailey's Lucreti de Rerun Natura libri sex, noticed, 118 Barber (E. A.), recent editions of the Alexandrian poets, 3 Barnard's A Fardel of Epigrams, noticed, 168 Baxter (J. H.), reminiscences of Plautus, 27 Bell (H. I.) notice of Rostovtzeff s A Large Estate in Egypt, 32 Beloch's Griechische Geschichte, Vol. III .: Part I., noticed, 80 Benson's The Reed of Pan, noticed, 168 Bidez and Cumont, Imp. Caesaris Flavii Claudii Iuliani Epistulae Leges Poematia Fragmenta Varia, noticed, 121 Blakeney (E. H.), notices of schoolbooks, 83 Blegen's Korakou, noticed, 71 Boak's History of Rome, noticed, 171 Boiotian League, further note on the, 63 Bolkestein's • Fabrieken' en ' Fabrikanten' in Griekenland, noticed, 193 BOOKS RECEIVED, 47, 95,143, 198 Botsford's Hellenic History, noticed, 84 Brakman (0.), the expression • fons et origo,' 26 Broadhead's Latin Prose Rhythm, noticed, 178 Buraaby (J.), notice of Chanties in Greek and Latin, 189 Butler's Amaranth and Asphodel, noticed, 168 Cupid and Psyche (Apuleius), noticed, 83 Oalder (W. M.), Aeschylus, Agam. (42 sqq.), 23 Aeschylus, Septem c. Thebas, 166 Agamemnon 444 and a Galatian inscription, 55 notice of Bidez and Cumont, Imp. Caesaris Flavii Claudii Iuliani Epistulae Leges Poematia Fragmenta Varia, 121 notice of Jacks' St. Basil and Greek Literature, 185 Ulpian and a Galatian inscription, 8 Calder's Togail na Tebe: The Thebaid of Statins, noticed, 186 Campbell (Sidney Q.), notice of Conway's The Making of Latin, 127 Carlsson's Zur Textkritik der Pliniusbriefe, noticed, 139 Cary (M.), notice of Beloch's Griechische Geschichte, Vol. III., Part I., 80 Catullus LXVI. (92 sqq.), 57 Catullus, a translation from, 67 two notes on, 25 Cicero, Ad Fam. VII. (32), 64 Cichorius, Roemische Studien, noticed, 34 Clark (Albert C) . notice of Broadhead's Latin Prose Rhythm, 178 Cleon and the Assembly, 165 Clifton (E. W. V.), notice of Shotwell's Introduction to the History of History, 181 Collingwood (E. G.). notice of Oswald and Pryce's Introduction to the study of Terra Sigillata, 137 Conway (R. S.). a rejoinder to Mr. Lloyd James on The Making of Latin, 196 Conway's The Making of Latin, noticed, 127 Cookson (C), notice of H. D. Naylor's Horace, Odes and Epodes, 28 Cookson (G. H.), on translating Greek Tragedy, 146 Comford (F. II.), notice of Pringle-Pattison's The Idea of Immortality, r 3 2 CORRESPONDENCE, 47, 95, 195 Cumont's After Life in Roman Paganism, noticed, 87 Demosthenes and the Younger Pliny, notes on, 152 Diogenes Laertius X. (60), 108 Dodds (E. R.), notice of de Falco's (lamblichi) Theologoumena Arithmetical, 138 Donovan's Theory of Advanced Greek Composition, noticed, 138 Dornseiff's Das Alphabet in Mystik und Magie, noticed, 89 Drachmann's Atheism in Pagan Antiquity, noticed, 188 dramatic technique of the Oedipus Coloneus, the, 50 Drew (D I>.)> 'ex pelle Herculem': Horace, Odes III. 3 (1 sqq.), 62 Horace, Epodes V. (49 sqq.), 24 D(uff) (J. D.), ' Let's talk of worms ' (version), 97 Doff (J. D) , notice of Bailey's Lucreti de Rerum Natura libri sex, 118 Duff (J. Wight), notice of Arnaldi's Le Idee Politiche Morali e Religiose d% Tacito, 191 notice of Fort 's The Pervigilium Veneris in Quatrains, 82 notice of Galdi's VEpitome nella letteratura latina, 189 Duffs T. Lucreti Cari de Rerum Natura Li Primus, noticed, 119


Abstract : The Federal Aviation Administration sponsored a two-day meeting in October 1988 to address issues of human factors and inspection. Presentations were given by some 13 individuals representing the full spectrum of interests in commercial aviation. Presentations also were given by three human factors scientists with backgrounds in vigilance and industrial inspection technology. Each presentation, as well as the following question and answer period, was recorded for transcription and study. The objective of the meeting was to identify human issues of importance, particularly as such issues might contribute to inspection or maintenance error. The desired outcome was to be: (1) an improved understanding of personnel performance in aviation maintenance, and (2) recommendations, as appropriate, to the FAA concerning needed research efforts and/or possible new or revised regulatory actions. Several recommendations were presented to the FAA in the areas of communications, training, management, regulatory review, and research and development. Keywords: Human factors; Performance human; Aircraft maintenance; Aircraft inspection. (kt)


This study was conducted to investigate the brazing characteristics between Zircaloy-4 nuclear fuel cladding tubes and bearing pads with filler metals of amorphous (0.3x0.5) binary alloy, in which they were produced in the ribbon form by the melt-spinning metod. The crystallization behavior, stability, hardness and micro-structure of brazed zone were examined by X-ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry, micro-Vickers hardness test, optical microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. (0.3x0.4) amorphous alloys were crystallized to -Zr with increasing the temperature, and the rest were transformed to ZrBeat higher temperatures. On the other hand, (0.4x0.5) amorphous alloys were crystallized to -Zr and ZrBe, simultaneously. The thickness of the layer brazed with amorphous alloy was increased with increasing the beryllium content due to the higher diffusion of Be. The morphology of brazed layer with PVD Be filler metal showed dendrite while that brazed with amorphous alloys appeared globular. Micro-Vickers hardness of brazed zone increased as the beryllium content of filler metal was decreased.


BACKGROUND: Swarasa, one of the most popular Kalpana among five basic Kalpana, is widely used therapeutically as well as pharmaceutically. A clear description of Swarasa is available in all Samhitas regarding its preparation, and utility. AIMS: This study aims to carry out the stability of Kumari Swarasa with respect to its microbial profile. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sample of Kumari Swarasa was prepared and studied to check microbial contamination at regular intervals. RESULTS: Five samples were subjected to the microbiological study from the date of the preparation to the date of last microbiological study. No, any contaminations were found in the microbiological study in the range of minimum of one day and a maximum of three days after preparation of sample. DISCUSSION: Hence, the present study was carried out to observe the stability study of Kumari Swarasa with respect to microbial contamination of samples prepared and preserved in different climatic and temperature conditions. Thus, a baseline microbial profile was studied at regular intervals. At the end of the study, it was found that shelf life of Aloe vera juice was varied as per humidity and temperature. CONCLUSION: The microbiological study of Kumari Swarasa shows its stability in the range of a minimum of one day and maximum of three days after the preparation of the sample.


The paper analyzes the importance of logistics industry in economical development and present situation of China's Logistics supporting system,studies the strategic position and function of government in construction of logistics supporting system and puts forward the policy advice of planning and constructing China's logistics supporting system.


ABSTRACT

Al Sukardi difficult. Q.100.140.013. Empowering leadership elementary school principal in SD Negeri 1 Purwodadi Subdistrict Nambuhan Grobogan District. Prof.Dr. Bambang Sumardjoko, Sumardi, M.Si thesis. Graduate Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta 2016.

 The purpose of this study was to describe (1) Characteristics of Primary School head leadership style in SD Negeri 1 Purwodadi Subdistrict Nambuhan. (2) Characteristics of the principal steps in running leadership SD Negeri 1 Purwodadi Subdistrict Nambuhan (3) Characteristics of the achievements of the leadership of principal in SD Negeri 1 Purwodadi Subdistrict Nambuhan
This study is a qualitative research, data collection technique using observation, interviews and documentation. Data analysis technique is done by collecting data: data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion. Test the validity of the data using triangulation sources
The results of this study were (1) style leadership that be applicable by the principal of SD Negeri 1 Nambuhan is a democratic leadership style .The principal is always oriented to the interests and goals of the organization, be open, accept criticism and constructive suggestions from subordinates, and also capable of providing guidance, attention and become a role model and firm in enforcing the rules all decisions are taken by consensus shared between teachers and committees. (2) measures undertaken principals SD Negeri 1 Nambuhan District of Purwodadi Grobogan in the running style of leadership is always learn from experience, to evaluate in each activity, provide motivation full of friendly against the teacher of teachers, provide an opportunity for teachers to be creative in order the development of the learning process, and make the teacher as a good partner. (3) the achievements of leadership is perceived by teachers SDNegeri 1 Nambuhan with a leadership style that made so far namely teachers SD Negeri 1 Nambuhan motivated and goaded to create increasing potential. This achievement earned SD Negeri 1 Nambuhan during ongoing leadership is such achievement in the field of sports, religious, once represented, district,provincial standby scouting party always represent the district to the provincial level

Keywords: style leadership, empowerment, school principal


Hexakis(trimethylphosphine)tungsten(0), W(PMe 3 ) 6 , has been synthesized by the reduction of WCl 6 with Na(K) alloy using PMe 3 as a reactive solvent and structurally characterized by X-ray diffraction techniques. Facile dissociation of one of the PMe 3 ligands of W(PMe 3 ) 6 produces the metalated complex W(PMe 3 ) 6 (η 2 -CH 2 PMe 2 )H, with which it is in equilibrium


Measuring rest-frame ultraviolet rotational transitions from the Lyman and Werner bands in absorption against a bright background continuum is one of the few ways to directly measure molecular hydrogen (H2). Here, we report the detection of absorption from H2 at z = 0.56 in a subdamped Lyα system with neutral hydrogen column density NH I = 10 19.5±0.2 cm −2 . This is the first H2 system analysed at a redshift of −1.93 ± 0.36 based on modelling the line profiles, with a robust model-independent lower limit of fH2 > 10 −3 . This is higher than fH2 values seen along sightlines with similar NH I through the Milky Way disc and the Magellanic Clouds. The metallicity of the absorber is 0.19 +0.21 −0.10 solar, with a dust-to-gas ratio of <0.36 of the value in the solar neighbourhood. Absorption from associated low-ionization metal transitions such as O I and Fe II is observed in addition to O VI .U singCLOUDY models, we show that there are three phases present; a ∼100 K phase giving rise to H2 ,a ∼10 4 K phase where most of the low-ionization metal absorption is produced; and a hotter phase associated with O VI. Based on similarities to high-velocity clouds in the Milky Way halo showing H2, and the presence of two nearby galaxy candidates with impact parameters of ∼10 kpc, we suggest that the absorber may be produced by a tidally stripped structure similar to the Magellanic Stream.


This book was developed to facilitate implementation of a programmatic approach using selected scientific methods for screening climate change and disaster risks, and integrating appropriate resilience measures into water, hydropower, and dam investment projects. As the World Bank Group steps up its activities in both the water and energy sectors, the risks of climate change and disasters need to be better understood and managed to ensure sustainable, resilient, and cost-effective outcomes. This increased awareness is particularly important for hydropower, water supply reservoir, and dam projects, given that climate change is projected to significantly affect water resources by changing mean annual river flows and hydrologic variability, thereby causing more extreme droughts and floods. For many countries, hydropower is now the largest source of affordable renewable energy . This is especially true in regions like Sub-Saharan Africa, South Asia, and Southeast Asia, which are characterized by significant untapped hydropower potential and water shortages.The remainder of this book is organized into nine chapters and an appendix: Chapter 2: Climate Change, Sediment Management and Sustainable Development discusses the importance of reservoir sediment management for preserving reservoir storage and illustrates how it contributes to satisfying the tenets of sustainable development. Chapter 3: Overview of Sedimentation Issues discusses the importance of reservoir storage and the impacts of reservoir sedimentation up- and downstream of dams. Chapter 4: Sediment Yield provides an overview of sediment yield, describes the important factors that determine the magnitude of sediment yield, and presents ways to estimate sediment yield. Chapter 5: Patterns of Sediment Transport and Deposition describes techniques for estimating the amount of sediment that will be deposited in a reservoir. Chapter 6: Sedimentation Monitoring discusses sedimentation monitoring procedures, bathymetric mapping of sediment, and estimation of sediment bulk density. Chapter 7: Sediment Management Techniques presents an overview of activities of combat reservoir sedimentation. Chapter 8: Sediment Management at Run-of-River Headworks describes basic concepts to consider in the design or rehabilitation of run-of-river headworks with regard to sediment management. Chapter 9: Reservoir Sustainability Best Practices Guidance summarizes sediment management strategies that will provide a higher level of assurance that the project operation can be sustained indefinitely. Appendix A: Checklist for Sediment Management is for use by project proponents to help ensure that projects adhere to the recommendations put forth throughout the book. The checklist is divided into three sections: sediment yield, sustainable sediment management measures, and sediment patterns and impacts.


Professor Richard Pring's BJES Vol. 48, No. 1 editorial shares a widespread unease regarding government centralisation of state-funded research (not only on education). Unfortunately the editorial compromises with this trend by suggesting it is obvious to academic experts where research should be so concentrated. Instead, an alternative model of research is advocated to counter so far as is possible the tendency towards centralisation.


This book is a compilation of 63 papers taken from the sixth biological symposium sponsored by the Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research (SCAR)held in Venice, Italy, from 30 May to 3 June 1994. SCAR symposia have been held approximately every four years since 1962. Each meeting stands as a major landmark in the development of biology in the Antarctic, summarizing current scientific preoccupations and setting goals for future international research efforts . This volume focuses on research at the community level. To many, Antarctic science has long been viewed as being of only regional interest. Given the current state ofglobal environmental issues, this idea is far from reality: Antarctica now contributes significantly to the investigation of global issues, resulting in major scientific advances. In particular, biological issues such as global warming and stratospheric ozone destruction have attracted top researchers from many countries to examine adaptive strategies of organisms that live in or are associated with Antarctica. Biological research in the area has also intensified due to increased fishing and tourism. Consequently, new research stations are being constructed, and research efforts by many nations are being intensified. For example, the National Science Foundation now


G iven the relative ease and superb outcomes associated with the standard cervical operation, few would have imagined years ago that we would now have multiple new approaches to thyroid/parathyroid surgery, including the use of scopes and robots with access through the axilla, breast, and behind the ear. Now, we have another contestant entering the ring of competition, this time a natural orifice (NOTES) approach through the mouth. Udelsman and colleagues report their experience with 7 thyroid/parathyroid operations using a transoral vestibular approach to thyroid and parathyroid gland removal. This novel technique has been previously described in several series out of Asia, but these cases represent the first series from the USA. The authors are to be congratulated for the careful manner in which they learned the new technique, assembled a well-trained team, and performed these operations safely on a selected group of patients. The outcomes were excellent and, of course, the patients have no scar in their neck. Minimally invasive and NOTES sur-


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Contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) has become the third leading cause of hospital-acquired acute kidney injury (AKI), due to an increasing number of patients receiving intravascular injection of iodinated contrast media (ICM) every year worldwide. The risk for patients with predisposing factors, such as advanced age, pre-existing renal disease, congestive heart failure, anterior myocardial infarction, cardiogenic shock, diabetes mellitus and type and volume of contrast, is considerably increased and ranges between approximately 12% and 50%. Among the contemporary definitions, CIN is characterized by an absolute (= 0.5mg/dL) and relative increase (= 25%) in serum creatinine (sCreat) at 48–72 hours after exposure to a contrast agent compared to baseline sCreat values, when alternative explanations for renal impairment have been excluded. In patients with acute changes in their glomerular filtration rate (GFR), sCreat is a relatively inaccurate marker, and its alterations are not particularly sensitive or specific for small changes in the GFR. In fact, 25–50% of the increase in creatinine, which is highly predictive for the development of CIN, most often occurs only after 24 hours after administration of ICM. In the last decade, it has been conducted studies not only for the early detection of biomarkers, but also to assess several therapeutic strategies to prevent CIN. A widely accepted prophylaxis for CIN after CM application is based on an intravenous volume load with an isotonic saline infusion (0.9%). Hydration with sodium bicarbonate should provide additional renal protection by alkalinizing renal tubular fluid, with a decreased tubular damage by scavenging oxygen free radicals. N-acetylcysteine (NAC) has been the most widely studied of all prophylaxis strategies. Unfortunately, most studies lacked statistical power, used different types of CM, various definitions of CIN and several diverse prophylactic measures. This resulted in the lack of accepted guidelines among radiologists, cardiologists, nephrologists and other involved physicians. Studies will be designed to clarify the value of these preventive therapies, analysing new indicators of renal function such as NGAL or Cistatin C.


It is well established that the implementation of conventional DTC drive consisting of hysteresis-based torque controller suffers from high torque ripple and variation in switching frequency problems. One of the many approaches to tackle this problem is by introducing a non-hysteresis-based torque controller. This paper presents the simulation and analysis of a proposed fuzzy PI-based torque controller for DTC of induction motor drives. Comparisons and analysis between the proposed controller and the hysteresis - and PI -based controllers are presented. The results show that the proposed controller managed to reduce the torque ripple and produce a constant device switching frequency


A number of reports have recently emerged with focus on extraction of proteins from formalin‐fixed paraffin‐embedded (FFPE) tissues for MS analysis; however, reproducibility and robustness as compared to flash frozen controls is generally overlooked. The goal of this study was to identify and validate a practical and highly robust approach for the proteomics analysis of FFPE tissues. FFPE and matched frozen pancreatic tissues obtained from mice (n = 8) were analyzed using 1D‐nanoLC‐MS(MS)2 following work up with commercially available kits. The chosen approach for FFPE tissues was found to be highly comparable to that of frozen. In addition, the total number of unique peptides identified between the two groups was highly similar, with 958 identified for FFPE and 1070 identified for frozen, with protein identifications that corresponded by approximately 80%. This approach was then applied to archived human FFPE pancreatic cancer specimens (n = 11) as compared to uninvolved tissues (n = 8), where 47 potential pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma markers were identified as significantly increased, of which 28 were previously reported. Further, these proteins share strongly overlapping pathway associations to pancreatic cancer that include estrogen receptor α. Together, these data support the validation of an approach for the proteomic analysis of FFPE tissues that is straightforward and highly robust, which can also be effectively applied toward translational studies of disease.


In order to improve the system dry jujube harvest rate,taking Cangzhou ziziphus jujube which in the same piece of orchard and harvest in the same day as the material,two drying methods of natural drying after hot blast baking 20 min and directly natural drying in the sun of jujube fruit were setted,the effects of different treatments on drying time and yield of jujube were analyzed by contrasting experiment design.The results showed that the drying time was significantly shortened,the rotting rate of fruit during the process of drying was significantly reduced and the yield was increased under the treatment of natural drying after a short heat after harvest.The technology was well drying method for small jujube.


Abstract Background. To compile an evaluation system (score) for post-treatment outcomes of midclavicular fractures, 172 patients were studied on average 15 months post-injury. As a control group 45 healthy volunteers were examined. The most relevant elements were filtered out for use in a new classification system, the Clavicle Score (CS).Methods. The CS is based on a system of three partnered objective/subjective items as wellasradiographicassessmentoffracturehealing. For the partnered items, subjective responses with the most significant correlation to the specific objective parameters were selected. Total score cutoff values (very good, good, moderate, poor) were established to keep interpretation simple. To validate the system, linear regression analysis was per-formed comparing the CS to two established assessment systems (Constant Score and the DASH Score).Ergebnisse. The correlation coefficients R=0.756 (Constant) and R=0.687 indicated that the conclusions were comparable and therefore valid. The reliability coefficient Cronbach's alpha was calculated at 0.8241, indicating high reliability.Conclusion. TheCSisasimple,validandreliable instrument to assess outcomes post-midclavicular fracture.


When judged by its reception history, 2 Baruch and theological program it advocates must be considered a failure. Shortly after its composition the work suffered a fate most dreaded by every writer - the apocalypse was condemned to damnatio memoriae . 2 Baruch was rediscovered only in nineteenth century in a Syriac biblical manuscript, though Syriac version of the text is only the daughter translation of a no longer extant Greek version. There is nothing in the text to suggest that the author himself felt marginalized, that he wrote from the perspective of a self-imposed exile, imagined or real, that he represented what he considered the view of a minority group. He developed an apocalyptic program for post-70 c.e. Judaism that is focused on Torah obedience, generously draws on past traditions, seeks to overcome social isolation, and vigorously looks to the future - or to what is left of it, until the advent of eschaton . Keywords: 2 Baruch ; apocalypse; eschaton ; Judaism; Syriac biblical manuscript; Torah


This study,through repeated single-factor measurement,aims to explore the relationship between the jaw articulation positions plus their shifts,and F1 plus relevant parameters,and seek acoustic parameters used to take a quantitative measurement of the refined classified jaw articulation movement and convert the articulation movement ability.The results show the following:(1) F1,a sensitive parameter to show different jaw articulation positions,is used to verify three basic articulation movement patterns: the upper jaw,the half-open jaw,and the lower jaw,based on which a quantitative measurement can be taken of the refined classified jaw articulation movement;(2) the slope of shift(JK) of the jaw and the range of shift(Jd) of the jaw in the words a-yi and yi-e,which are sensitive parameters used to make a quantitative assessment of the refined classified jaw articulation conversion disorders,can be used to measure the refined classified jaw articulation conversion ability,and guide the determination of the treatment for jaw articulation movement disorders.


A new parabolized Navier-Stokes (PNS) algorithm has been developed to efficiently compute magne-tohydrodynamic (MHD) flows in the low magnetic Reynolds number regime. In this regime, the electrical conductivity is low and the induced magnetic field is negligible compared to the applied magnetic field. The MHD effects are modeled by introducing source terms into the PNS equation which can then be solved in a very efficient manner. To account for upstream (elliptic) effects, the flowfields are computed using multiple streamwise sweeps with an iterated PNS al-gorithm. Turbulence has been included by modifying the Baldwin-Lomax turbulence model to account for MHD effects. The new algorithm has been used to compute both laminar and turbulent, supersonic, MHD flows over flat plates and supersonic viscous flows in a rectangular MHD accelerator. The present results are in excellent agreement with previous complete Navier-Stokes calculations.


The invention discloses a hydroxyalkyl amide curing agent composition, comprising 70-95wt% of hydroxyalkyl amide curing agent, 2-15wt% of anti-yellowing agent, and 3-15wt% of degassing agent. The hydroxyalkyl amide curing agent composition is prepared by mixing and fusing the three ingredients in proportion or carrying out melt extrusion on the three ingredients. According to the invention, by directly applying the composition in the formula of powdery paints, compared with respectively adding the three ingredients in the formula, better anti-yellowing and anti-pinhole performance of the film can be achieved.


A radical new theory of the language of science by eminent linguist Roy Harris. In The Semantics of Science Roy Harris challenges a number of long-accepted assumptions about science and scientific discourse. According to Harris, science - like art, religion and history - is one of the supercategories adopted by modern societies for explaining and justifying certain types of human activity. Harris argues that these supercategories are themselves verbal constructs, and thus language-dependent. Each supercategory has its own semantics. The function of the supercategory is to integrate what would otherwise be unconnected forms of inquiry, and the result of such integrations is to draw a certain map of our intellectual world. Among the questions tackled are: Is mathematics a language? Does the language of science go beyond the bounds of common sense? And, if so, on what basis? In a wide-ranging historical survey, Harris rejects the view that the Greeks and medieval thinkers had any concept of scientific inquiry that corresponds to our own. He pays close attention to the early work of the Royal Society and to the twentieth-century semantic crisis caused by attempting to integrate Einsteinian relativity and quantum mechanics. This lucidly written book will be of interest to all those engaged in linguistics, semiotics, philosophy of science and cultural studies.


Objective:In order to study the effect of Yiqitongluodan on serum endothelin(ET), nitricoxide(NO) and erythrocyte deformability(ED) in coronary heart disease(CHD). Methods: The serum ET, NO content and erythrocyte filtration(IF) were measured in the patients with CHD before and after treatment with Yiqitongluodan. Results: The serum NO content in the patients with CHD was much lower than that of the control(P0.01), the serum ET content and erythrocyte IF were much higher than those of the control(P0.01).After treatment with Yiqitongluodan the serum NO content in the patients with CHD was significantly higher than that of the group before, treatment(P0.01), the serum ET content and erythrocyte IF were much lower, as compared with the group before treatment (P0.01). Conclusion: Yiqitongluodan can protect the vascular endothel cells and enchance ED.


Multi-scale representation ability is one of key criteria for measuring convolutional neural networks (CNNs) effectiveness. Recent studies have shown that multi-scale features can represent different semantic information of original images, and a combination of them would have positive influence on vision tasks. Many researchers are investigated in extract the multi-scale features in a layerwise manner and equipped with relatively inflexible receptive field. In this paper, we propose a multi-scale attention (MSA) module for CNNs, namely MSANet, where the residual block comprises hierarchical attention connections and skip connections. The MSANet improves the multi-scale representation power of the network by adaptively enriching the receptive fields of each convolutional branch. We insert the proposed MSANet block into several backbone CNN models and achieve consistent improvement over backbone models on CIFAR-100 dataset. To better verify the effectiveness of MSANet, the experimental results on major network details, i.e., scale, depth, further demonstrate the superiority of the MSANet over the Res2Net methods.


In current source inverter (CSI)-based series-connected configurations, recently proposed for offshore wind energy conversion systems, a number of medium-voltage CSIs are connected in series to form a centralized dc/ac inverter to transfer offshore wind power to the grid. In previous studies, the series-connected CSIs are controlled based on assumptions that all CSIs are ideal and identical and the power is evenly distributed among them. However, in practice, such assumptions are invalid as tolerance exists. This study therefore works on the investigation of power distribution among series-connected CSIs considering the tolerance. First, the possible imbalance of power among CSIs is unveiled, analyzed, and quantitatively defined. Second, a combined control scheme is proposed, based on which both conventional control objectives, which are dc-link current control and power factor control, and an equal power distribution among CSIs are ensured simultaneously. Finally, simulations and lab-scaled experiments are provided.


JavaScript is becoming the de-facto programming language of the Web. Large-scale web applications (web apps) written in Javascript are commonplace nowadays, with big technology players (e.g., Google, Facebook) using it in their core flagship products. Today, it is common practice to reuse existing JavaScript code, usually in the form of third-party libraries and frameworks. If on one side this practice helps in speeding up development time, on the other side it comes with the risk of bringing dead code, i.e., JavaScript code which is never executed, but still downloaded from the network and parsed in the browser. This overhead can negatively impact the overall performance and energy consumption of the web app. In this paper we present Lacuna, an approach for JavaScript dead code elimination, where existing JavaScript analysis techniques are applied in combination. The proposed approach supports both static and dynamic analyses, it is extensible, and independent of the specificities of the used JavaScript analysis techniques. Lacuna can be applied to any JavaScript code base, without imposing any constraints to the developer, e.g., on her coding style or on the use of some specific JavaScript feature (e.g., modules). Lacuna has been evaluated on a suite of 29 publicly-available web apps, composed of 15,946 JavaScript functions, and built with different JavaScript frameworks (e.g., Angular, Vue.js, jQuery). Despite being a prototype, Lacuna obtained promising results in terms of analysis execution time and precision.


This article follows on from and completes the account of the manuscript texts of Theodore Hook's play, The Siege of St Quintin, and the revisions made to them by R.B. and Tom Sheridan, offered in my earlier article, 'The Sheridans at Work'. This article reports and describes a newly recovered manuscript of Act III of Hook's play, now owned by Randall Wallace of Edmonton, Canada, and unknown on publication of the earlier article.


where A is an n × n real symmetric matrix, b ∈ IRn, r is a positive number. If A is positive semi-definite then (Q1) is a convex quadratic problem. In general (Q1) is nonconvex. Problem (Q2), whose feasible domain is a sphere, is always nonconvex even if A is positive semi-definite. These are among the few nonconvex optimization problems which possess a complete characterization of their optimal solutions. These problems play an important role in optimization and numerical analysis ([1], [4], [8], [9], [11], [12], [16]). Golub et al. studied (Q2) from both theoretical and computational viewpoints. In [3] the sensitivity of the solutions to primal problem was discussed.


The rapid development of information technologies and the avalanche growing of scientific information volumes necessitated the transition to a semantically significant representation of scientific knowledge extracted from information in the digital environment, and their organization in the form of a Common digital space of scientific knowledge (CDSSK). Each field of science has its own specifics, and it's scientific knowledge can form its own subspace. In modern conditions, it is necessary to develop universal approaches to the storage and presentation of scientific knowledge, thereby ensuring the integration of individual subspaces into a single whole. The first step towards the implementation of these approaches should be the development of the CDSSK ontology as a multi-level system of concepts describing the resources and objects of subject areas, terms and relationships between them, characterized by an open hierarchical and dynamic structuring, oriented both to store existing knowledge and to extract new ones.


Digital Speckle Radiography (DSR) is a technique allowing full field displacement maps in a plan within an opaque material to be determined. The displacements are determined by tracking the motions of small sub‐sections of a deforming speckle pattern, produced by seeding an internal layer of lead and taking flash x‐ray images. An improved DSR algorithm is discussed which can improve the often poor contrast in DSR images, such that the mean and variance of the speckle pattern is uniform. This considerably improves the correlation success relative to other similar algorithms for DSR experiments. A series of experiments involving the penetration of granular media by long‐rod projectiles, and the improved correlation achieved using this new algorithm, are discussed.


This community service activity aims to increase the knowledge and skills of women association members in Ketaon Village, Banyudono District, Boyolali, Central Java, in utilizing household waste. In addition, this activity also aims to reduce household plastic waste, which is usually only burned and can be reused into goods of use value. Service activities are carried out through the Socialization method and the practice of processing plastic bag waste. The activity was carried out on Monday, 15 August 2022, at the Ketaon Village Hall and attended by approximately 25 participants. The participation and enthusiasm of the people in the activity were outstanding, as seen from their enthusiasm participating in the activity from start to finish, and some mothers completed one product. The impact of the extension activities was able to increase the knowledge and skills of women association members in Ketaon Village in processing household plastic bag waste into economically valuable handicrafts.


ABSTRACT Increasingly, social workers and behavioral health practitioners use assessment instruments to support service planning and to monitor progress. Following statewide implementation of the Adult Needs and Strengths Assessment (ANSA) to identify behavioral health symptoms, related functional challenges, risks, and strengths, this validation study explored the underlying structure of the instrument. An exploratory factor analysis used routinely collected information for Midwestern adults with diagnosed behavioral health disorders who participated in community-based services (N = 46,013). Five factors with adequate to good internal consistency (α = 0.733−0.880) emerged: personal recovery, trauma and stress related problems, substance use risks, self-sufficiency, and cultural-linguistic considerations. Validation of the ANSA supports use of the instrument to engage individuals and families, to plan services, to monitor progress, and to conduct research. Implications for social work education, supervision, and practice include the importance of understanding culture, holistic assessment, and services supporting personal recovery for individuals living with mental illness or substance use disorders. Confirmation of findings requires additional research.


PURPOSE: A bed for moving patients is provided to obtain an effect that a protective guard can be used as a protection guard for preventing fall of a patient. CONSTITUTION: A bed for moving patients comprises a bed body, a rectangular frame(12), a bottom plate(13), a spring protecting duct(13a), a lateral supporting plate(14), a guide rail(15), a bed plate(20), and a fixing groove(32). The bed body is equipped with wheels in order to facilitate movement thereof. The rectangular frame is installed on the top of the bed body. The bottom plate is placed in the inner side of the rectangular frame. The lateral supporting plate is installed around the bottom plate in the traverse direction. A guide groove(15a) is formed in the top of the guide rail. The bed plate is inserted into the guide groove of the guide rail.


Historically the attraction for multimedia events and their multitasking effectiveness has been an impetus for aesthetic achievements. From Mesopotamian epic performances to today's installations, one can well hear and visualize the realization of fascination around diverse and integrated acts of representation. Within the long tradition of dramatic-musical works, there is another tradition that has appropriated the activity of proposing to an in situ audience a particular spectacle that focuses precisely on the limits and possibilities of its elaboration. This other reflexive-operational tradition provides us with a privileged field of observation to follow and discuss the difficulties of integrating sound and image in a multimedia range


In a Cambodian proverb, "when broken glass floats" is the time when evil triumphs over good. That time began for the Him family in 1975, when the Khmer Rouge took power in Cambodia and they began their trek through the hell of the "killing fields". In a heart-wrenching memoir, Chanrithy Him vividly tells of her childhood, growing up in a Cambodia where rudimentary labour camps are the norm and technology, such as cars and electricity, no longer exitst. As she struggles to understand the suffering and violence around her, she shows proof of unbounded courage and great hope. Death becomes a companion at the camps, along with illness. Yet through the terror, Him's family remains loyal to one another despite the Khmer Rouge's demand of loyalty only to itself. Moments of inexpressible sacrifice and love lead them to bring what little food they have to the others, even at the risk of their own lives. In 1979, "broken glass" finally sinks. From a family of 12, only five of the Him children survive. They are desperate to escape the Khmer Rouge but sad to leave what they see as the empty shell of Cambodia. From refugee camps in Thailand and the Philippines, sponsored by an uncle in Oregon, they begin new lives in America.


Using a focusing x-ray spectrograph of Cauchois type, five new forbidden lines LINI λ 123680 X.U., LIINVI λ 124063 X.U., LIINIII λ 128443 X.U., LIIINVI,VII λ 138480 X.U. and LIIINIII λ 143875 X.U. have been found for the element ytterbium 70. The transitions LIIOI, LIIIOI, LIIIOIV,V, LIMV, LIOI, LIOIV,V, LIIMII and LIIIOII,III, reported earlier only by Allais, have been confirmed. However, the transitions LIMIV, LIIOII,III and LIIIMII, reported by Allais, could not be confirmed.


An isolable activated ester, diethyl thiophosphoryl [(Z)-(2-aminothiazol-4-yl)-2-(methoxyimino)acetate (9a, DAMA) was prepared in high purity, which was at least stable for 7 d at and 6 months at . Its reaction with 7-ACA (4) in the presence of tributylamine in i-PrOH provided cefotaxime (1) of high purity in good yield. Preparation of DAMA and its reaction with 7-ACA (4) to 1 was performed in one-pot manner, respectively with minimal unit operations of stirring and filtration.


The paper introduces an end-to-end modeling method into logistics distribution network, uses hierarchical distributed algorithm to solve the calculation of the optimal flow of logistics distribution network (LDN). The distributed calculation and information sharing are considered and therefore, the system is strengthened.


This paper propose a review and critical analysis of the different UHPFRC in existence and presents a new cement composite the CEMTREC (miltiscale)™, patented by the Laboratoire Central des Ponts et Chaussees, Paris, France. The cement composite was tested under static ending and asymmetric fatigue bending.


interdisciplinary collection. Going outside the traditional concerns of natural theology, the distinguished contributors to this volume explore such topics as the nature of self-hood and its images in the ancient, the medieval and the modem world; the role of philosophy as a route to wisdom; nonconceptual awareness; and the nature of love and its relation to attention. Discussion focusses on the figures of Plato and Augustine, William James and the Absolute Idealist F. H. Bradley, Kierkegaard and Heidegger, as well as leading Figures of the Tibetan Buddhist tradition.


THE FRENCH LANDSCAPE AND ITS CONTEXTOver the past 15 years the number of annual enterprise creations in France has increased from 180,000 to 550,000 and the number of business start-ups reached a record high of 580,200 in 2009, which represented an approximately 75 per cent increase in comparison with 331,400 in 2008 (INSEE 2010). Much of this increase can be attributed to the 320,000 auto-entrepreneur (one person) start-ups, primarily created in the services sector (INSEE 2010). One in three French people wants to create a business 'one day' and one in five in the next three years (IFOP 2011). Most of the creations are, however, as Hayat (2012) critically commented, out of necessity and not opportunity: the majority of the companies do not grow and those who grow, grow more slowly than those for instance in the USA, Italy and Germany (Hayat 2012). Furthermore, only 6% of French companies (about 200,000) employ more than 10 people and 1% of all companies (around 33,000) employ more than 50 people (Hayat 2012). About one thousand growth firms are created every year, 550 of which are technological companies. Yet, only 1.3% (around 7,000) French companies employ more than 10 people after 5 years' of activity (Hayat 2012).Although these figures show that the number of start-ups has increased substantially over recent years this does not necessarily suggest that French Higher Education promotes entrepreneurship and working for small and medium-sized enterprises. In feet Leger-Jarniou (2005) argued that these companies are losing out, as students from French Higher Education prefer to work either for the public sector or large companies, but not SMEs. Much of this reflects the feet that entrepreneurship has not been well presented in the French political discourse (Hayat, 2012). There is little doubt that becoming an entrepreneur is an unusual professional choice, not necessarily well regarded, among Higher Education students in France (Boisson and Schieb Bienfait, 2011). This paper contributes to the ongoing debate about entrepreneurship and entrepreneurship education in the French context by a) presenting a historical overview of French entrepreneurship education and some of its milestones; b) by discussing the particular challenges such education faces in the French context and c) by making recommendations about possible ways forward.THE FRENCH EDUCATION SYSTEMIn France there is a tripartite system with (i) universities, of which there are 82 plus associated research organizations such as the CNRS (Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique); (ii) the Grandes Ecoles, of which there are 190 providing training in business administration, management, marketing and finance, veterinary as well as engineering studies; as well as (iii) a third type of organization such as University Institutes (institute universitaire), which prepare students for a working life. The Grandes Ecoles have traditionally played an important role in the French HE system and have been considered carriers of both national and regional policy initiatives (Klapper & Leger-Jarniou 2006). David (1994) described them as 'carriers of history', as they were born out of the need to fulfill some social purpose and Bourdieu (1989, read in Zanten 2012, 73) called them 'ecoles du pouvoir' (schools of power). Traditionally the Grandes Ecoles have a strong link with the local/regional Chambers of Commerce and receive considerable fiinding from them The first Grandes Ecoles were established under Napoleon to train and educate the senior managers and administrators needed by the French state and later by French large-scale conglomerates (Klapper 2005b). There are several Paris-based universities such as the prestigious Sciences Po and Paris Dauphine, which were recently awarded the prestigious status of a Grand Etablissement, a status similar to that of a Grande Ecole. Like Sciences Po Paris Dauphine is allowed to choose the best students through a rigorous selection process, a privilege not open to all French universities. …


Abstract : A seaworthiness analog computer has been developed to simulate the structural response of the ship hull to the hydrodynamic forces of the sea, and computations have been made to verify the feasibility, flexibility, and capability of the computer. The analog computer consists of a sea generator to generate sinusoidal seas, discrete wave trains, or random seas; a ship analog divided into 20 equally spaced segments which represent the masselastic characteristics along the ship; and a hydrodynamic force generator divided into nine sections, four of which are capable of introducing nonlinear hydrodynamic forces. The output of the ship analog is fed back into the hydrodynamic force generator to produce the dynamic interaction between the ship and the sea. Computations made to determine the response of an aircraft carrier to a specific wave train agreed very well with the actual measurements made on the ship. It is believed that the computer can be of great assistance in ship structure design. (Author)


Rethink is the largest severe mental illness charity in the UK. As of 2nd July 2002 'Rethink' is the new operating name for the 'National Schizophrenia Fellowship'. They are dedicated to improving the lives of everyone affected by severe mental illness, whether they have a condition themselves, care for others who do, or are professionals or volunteers working in the mental health field.
Sector: Health
Address: Wyndhurst, Knockbracken Healthcare Park, Saintfield Road, Belfast, Antrim, BT8 8BH, Northern Ireland
Phone: +44 (0)28 9040 2323
Email: email@example.com


Selection indexes for feedlot performance have been developed by U.S. beef breed associations to help commercial producers with multiple trait selection decisions. The objective of this study was to evaluate the implications of backgrounding cattle after weaning on selection for feedlot profitability. Carcass data records for 11,011 animals and a three generation pedigree were obtained from the American Simmental Association database. Carcass traits of primary interest in this analysis were marbling score (MARB), 12 rib fat thickness (CFT), 12 rib ribeye area (CREA), and hot carcass weight (HCW). Estimated post weaning gain (EPWG) was determined using weaning weight and HCW for each individual. Post-weaning management strategies of direct placement into the feedlot (CalfFed) or backgrounding then placement into the feedlot (Yrlg-Fed) were evaluated. When HarvestCG and percent Simmental were included as fixed effects in multiple trait models, Calf-Fed management heritability estimates for EPWG, MARB, CFT, CREA, and HCW were 0.38, 0.38, 0.46, 0.38, and 0.45, respectively. Management as Yrlg-Fed reduced heritability estimates of EPWG, MARB, CFT, CREA, and HCW by 0.25, 0.09, 0.36, 0.10, and 0.16, respectively. Expression of EPWG, MARB, CFT, CREA, and HCW had strong positive genetic correlations under Calf-Fed and Yrlg-Fed management of 0.84, 0.95, 0.85, 0.79, and 0.61, respectively. We also investigated several potential shifts to the economic environment and how these shifts would influence sire selection decisions based on the selection index for feedlot profit under Calf-Fed management. A dynamic economic sensitivity analysis was performed. The sire index rank correlation was greater than or equal to 0.872 between any of the dynamic economic shifts. Furthermore, efficiency of selection when a dynamic economic shift occurs between selection of parents and production of