This volume contains the proceedings of the 11th International Workshop on Software and Compilers for Embedded Systems (SCOPES 2008) held in Munich, Germany, on March 13th and 14th, 2008. One of the key characteristics of embedded software is that it heavily depends on the underlying hardware. Embedded processors are highly application specific, and embedded software thus needs to be designed such that it makes best use of a processor's features. As a consequence, embedded software design is directly related to an optimization process exploiting the characteristics of the underlying hardware under consideration of various cost functions like e. g. code size, energy consumption etc.

SCOPES focuses on the software generation process for modern embedded systems. Topics of interest include all aspects of the compilation process, starting with suitable modeling and specification techniques and programming languages for embedded systems. The emphasis of the workshop lies on code generation techniques for embedded processors. The exploitation of specialized instruction set characteristics is as important as the development of new optimizations for embedded application domains. Cost criteria for the entire code generation and optimization process include runtime, timing predictability, energy dissipation, code size and others. Since today's embedded devices frequently consist of a multi-processor system-on-chip, the scope of this workshop is not limited to single-processor systems but in particular covers compilation techniques for MPSoC architectures.

SCOPES 2008 is the 11th workshop in a series of workshops initially called "International Workshop on Code Generation for Embedded Processors". The name SCOPES has been used since the 4th workshop in 1999. Since then, SCOPES has been held in St. Goar, Germany in 2001; Berlin, Germany in 2002; Vienna, Austria in 2003; Amsterdam, The Netherlands in 2004; Dallas, USA in 2005; Nice, France in 2007; and now in Munich, Germany. This year, SCOPES is held as a Friday Workshop of the European Design, Automation and Test conference (DATE). By bringing SCOPES and DATE together, SCOPES attracts a high degree of visibility, and the DATE conference as premier European design automation event explicitly emphasizes the importance of embedded software and compilers.

In response to the call for papers, 22 very strong papers were submitted from all over the world. All submitted papers were reviewed by at least five experts to ensure the quality of the workshop. In the end, the program committee selected 8 papers for presentation at the workshop. These papers are divided into the following categories: "Optimization and code generation for embedded processors", "Memory- and addressing-aware compilation" and "Validation and simulation". In addition, we are proud that Koen De Bosschere agreed to give a keynote talk on "Memory footprint reduction for embedded systems" at SCOPES 2008.


This is the description of a work in progress for the development of a wireless indoor wayfinding system to aid visual impaired people navigating unknown environment with fixed and moving obstacles. Based on a commercial, state of the art Ultra Wideband (UWB) time of flight localization infrastructure, the system can find the best way for connecting a starting and a destination point in an indoor scenario while giving to the vision impaired people the hints to move on the surface avoiding obstacles. A typical example application of the system is for aiding visual impaired people navigate an unknown train station guiding him from descending the train to the bus stop (or taxi stop, or toilettes, or bar, or ticket counter, or other connecting trains, or the like). The present paper addresses the problem of identifying free paths to navigate into an area full of obstacles. This is the typical situation encountered in robotic guidance or blind people navigation assistance in complex indoor environments. Taking apart the problems of localization and tracking, here we are only concerned about the identification of the optimal path to be followed, given a preexistent binary map of obstacles, to connect the start and destination points in a given area. Notwithstanding the various algorithms proposed so far, there is still a need for a very fast, robust, scalable and precise technique to be used in real time for the purpose. LBS 2018 http://doi.org/10.3929/ethz-b-000225610


This paper presents a modulation method for single phase online three-leg uninterruptible power supplies. The proposed modulation method brings the flexibility of the well-known space vector modulation for the single-phase UPS considered and it can be easily implemented in digital controllers. Three switching sequences are presented and evaluated in terms of total harmonic distortion and the location of the harmonics in the frequency spectrum of the input current and output voltage. It is found out that first switching sequence would require simpler soft switching auxiliary circuit since one of the converter's legs is commutated at low frequency. The second switching sequence is the best suited for hard switched implementation since it has the smallest switching losses, and third switching sequence has moderate switching losses while producing harmonics in well defined frequency for all operating conditions. Experiments of a DSP controlled 1 kW UPS are presented to validate the proposed method.


The traditional process-oriented methods for constructing spatial database can not meet the needs of the massive spatial data. In view of the existing problems in the current constructing process,the author studies and brings forward Automated Database Technology. The workflow engine is used to control the process,so that the process can be structured and controlled,to simplify the process and improve the efficiency.


This research was conducted to know the activities of social media users. Nowadays, social media or social media has a significant influence on the level of people's lives from the age of children to adults, inseparable from the existence of social media, not using the TikTok application. Researchers conducted interviews and documentation to produce objective data using a virtual ethnographic approach, this method became a reference for analyzing netizen responses (TikTokers) related to Islamic da'wah content through the TikTok platform which is a form of cyber activity. Writing data analyzed qualitatively. From the results of reading comments on posts by TikTok netizens regarding the content of a young Islamic preacher, Husain Basyaiban, researchers found that TikTok social media is a platform that is promised in the spread of Islam in this era of globalization, as evidenced by the response to da'wah posts getting more positive reactions than negative. This is because it pays attention to Islamic principles and is designed as attractively as possible without containing deviant elements.Keywords: TikTok; Islamic Da'wah; Globalization Development.


The green environment or environmental friendly has high important in today electronics business. The intense forces of customer, competitors as well as the government induced the electronics manufacturing rapidly implement the green process in their organization. In green manufacturing implementation, various factors must be prepared and well controlled in order to ensure the effectiveness. In this paper, we proposed the 6 basic requirements of preparation that can be grouped into product factors and environment factor. The result of research shows that the 5 factors of material, process, packaging, working environment and waste system are directly impact to the green management implementation. We also propose the green supply chain if the manufacturing promotes the same "Green Manufacturing System (GMS) to the lower tier supplier.


In a recent past C.K. Jen et al. have shown [1,2] that «spurious echoes» caused by diffraction effects and finite rod radius may exist in a bar, when it is axially insonified. In this paper, the phenomenon is further investigated and the use of these echoes for investigation of bond quality between two materials is suggested


Contents:IntroductionPART I: OBJECTIFYING METHODS1. Quantitative Investigations: Design, Sampling, and AnalysisMagnus Sverke2. Quantitative Methods: The Art of Measuring What You Want MeasuredMagnus Sverke3. Grounded TheoryBengt Gustavsson4. Case Study ResearchEvert GummessonPART II: INTERPRETING METHODS5. Hermeneutics in Research PracticePer-Johan Odman6. Aesthetic Perspective: Hermeneutics of ActionPierre Guillet de Monthoux7. EthnographyChristina Garsten8. IntrospectionMaria Frostling-HenningssonPART III: CRITICAL METHODS9. Narrative AnalysisHerve Corvellec10. Thought ExperimentsSoren HaggqvistPART IV: TOOLS AND TECHNIQUES11. Face-to-Face Research: Interviews, Conversations and DialoguesBjorn Bjerke12. The Internet Revolution and the Social ScientistConny Svenning13. The Art of ReferencingBengt GustavssonIndex


Introduction H.Dahl, M.Keranen & A.Kovalainen PART I: THE EUROPEANIZATION OF CARE Double Subsidiarity, Double Trouble?: Allocating Care Responsibilities in the EU through Social Dialogue K.Nousiainen Care, Migration and Citizenship: Migration and Home-based Care in Europe F.Williams The Regulation of Paid, Domestic Work: A Win-win Situation or a Reproduction of Social Inequalities? M.Hrzenjak PART II: THE COMPLEXITY OF CARE Family Policy and Welfare Regimes T.Boje & A.Ejrnaes Modes of Care and Mothering: How does Citizenship and Care Intersect in the Lives of Mothers and Disabled Children? J.Mclaughlin From Traditional to Modern Care? The Case of Intellectually Disabled and Mentally Ill in Modern Lithuania E.Sumskiene Changing Conceptions of Citizenship and Care in Finnish Policy Discourse on Reconciliation on Work and Family Life K.Eraranta PART III: THE NEO-COLONIAL CARE RELATIONS IN EUROPE Gendering the Stranger: Nomadic care Workers in Europe: A Polish-italian Example L.Isaksen Migrant Women and Defamilialisation in the Spanish Welfare State S.Climent Privatizing Neo-Colonialism: Migrant Domestic Care Workers, Partial Citizenship and Responsibility J.Tronto Concluding Remarks H. Dahl, M.Keranen & A.Kovalainen Bibliography Index


Cleaning of equipment in the production of medicines is an important requirement of good manufacturing practice (GMP). As a rule, the same process equipment is used for the production of a number of different drugs that may result in cross-contamination. In order to prevent the contamination there is need in efficient cleaning of equipment used with the validation methods for each part of equipment. There is need as well to prove and establish acceptable residual limits of active pharmaceutical ingredients (API) on the surface of the equipment after purification (purity acceptance criteria) based on the therapeutic dose of API, toxicity, volume of series, the surface area of the used equipment.
The aim of this work is the development of the simple and selective polarimetry and HPLC methods for determining residual amounts of glucose in washings from surfaces of pharmaceutical equipment after production of the drug. The object of the research is glucose, which is a part of the drug Regidron, powder for oral solution of 18.9 g per sachet. The swab Alpha® Sampling Swab TX715; membrane filters 0.20 µm; Minisart RC 15 «Sartorius» (Germany) were used. The polarimetric and HPLC methods for determination of glucose residues in washings from surfaces of pharmaceutical equipment after production the Regidron were developed.
The recovery rates of glucose from swabs and pharmaceutical equipment surfaces are more than 90%. The proposed simple and rapid methods are characterized by satisfactory metrological characteristics and can be recommended to determine the residues of glucose in controlling the quality of cleaning pharmaceutical equipment.


References 1 Balch CM, Gershenwald JE, Soong SJ, Thompson JF, Atkins MB, Byrd DR, et al. Final version of 2009 AJCC melanoma staging and classification. J Clin Oncol 2009; 27:6199–6206. 2 Smalley KS. Understanding melanoma signaling networks as the basis for molecular targeted therapy. J Invest Dermatol 130:28–37. 3 Curtin JA, Fridlyand J, Kageshita T, Patel HN, Busam KJ, Kutzner H, et al. Distinct sets of genetic alterations in melanoma. N Engl J Med 2005; 353:2135–2147. 4 Conway C, Mitra A, Jewell R, Randerson-Moor J, Lobo S, Nsengimana J, et al. Gene expression profiling of paraffin-embedded primary melanoma using the DASL assay identifies increased osteopontin expression as predictive of reduced relapse-free survival. Clin Cancer Res 2009; 15:6939–6946. 5 Winnepenninckx V, Lazar V, Michiels S, Dessen P, Stas M, Alonso SR, et al. Gene expression profiling of primary cutaneous melanoma and clinical outcome. J Natl Cancer Inst 2006; 98:472–482.


Several piping failures caused by thermal stratification have been reported in some nuclear power plants since the early 1980s. However, this kind of thermal effect was not considered when the old vintage nuclear power plants were designed. Thermal stratification is usually generated by turbulent penetration from the RCS to branch line or leakage through damaged part of valve in branch line. In this paper, using the CFD analysis, characteristics of thermal stratification in a safety injection system of PWR plant were investigated and thermal stress evaluation was also conducted. First, CFD analyses were carried out on in-leakage model and out-leakage model according to operating condition. The case of out-leakage, the thermal stratification based on temperature distribution was generated a little at the rear of 1st valve. In contrast, significant thermal stratification was generated in front of 1st valve in in-leakage model because the effect of rapid flow velocity from RCS.© 2011 ASME


The purpose of the article is to analyze the trends in the innovative development of the agro-industrial complex and outline further ways of this process. Research methods. Dialectical methods of cognition of processes and phenomena were used, monographic (analysis of the implementation of innovations in the agro-industrial complex), abstract-logical (theoretical generalizations and the formation of conclusions), comparative analysis (the reasons and differences in the development of innovative activity in the agro-industrial complex are determined), empirical (comprehensive assessment and analysis of the object of study). Research results. The indicators and development trends of key institutions of agrarian sector of the economy are analyzed, the state of scientific activity in the agro-industrial sector and its impact on the agrarian sector of the economy is assessed, the market infrastructure of the agro-industrial complex and its influence on the innovative development of the agricultural sector are investigated. Scientific novelty. Theoretical and practical provisions for assessing the state of innovative development of the agro-industrial complex have been further developed; the necessity of development of innovative infrastructure of agro-industrial complex is substantiated. Practical significance. The main provisions and conclusions set out in the article contain certain methodological and practical recommendations for assessing the state of innovative development of AIC. Not only key institutions of the agricultural sector of the economy are analyzed, but also scientific activity in the field of agro-industrial complex and market innovation infrastructure, which has an impact on the innovative development of the agrarian sector. Refs.: 20.


We consider transmission using N transmit and reception using M receive antennas in a wireless environment assuming that neither the transmitter nor the receiver knows the channel coefficients. For the scenario that the transmission employs noncoherent T /spl times/ N unitary space-time codes and for a block-fading channel model where the channel is static during T channel uses and varies from T channel uses to the other, we establish the bound r /spl les/ min(T-N, N) on the diversity advantage rM provided by the code. In order to show that the requirement r /spl les/ min(T-N, N) cannot be relaxed, for any given R, N, T, and r /spl les/ min(T-N, N), we then construct unitary T /spl times/ N space-time codes of rate R that guarantee diversity advantage rM. Two constructions are given that are also amenable to simple encoding and noncoherent maximum-likelihood (ML) decoding algorithms.


The formation and strengthening of the welfare state required the theoretical development of conceptual foundations, a set of policy measures, and their implementation by all stakeholders. "The concept of the welfare state, which emerged in the 20th century, is experiencing a crisis in many countries and cannot provide an increase in welfare ... Many previous models and factors of economic development are practically exhausted. In many countries, the concept of the welfare state, which emerged in the 20th century, is also in crisis. Today, not only can it not ensure a steady growth in well-being, but sometimes even keep it at the same level," the President of the Russian Federation V.V. Putin said at the opening of the Belt and Road Forum in Beijing. The need to create a new concept of the welfare state in the Russian Federation at the beginning of the XXI century was associated with the fact that the country's population began to advocate for the implementation of an active state policy that meets the principles and essence of the welfare state. It was also necessary to harmonize and bring closer the domestic legislation and socio-economic practice with the experience and regulatory systems of the CIS countries, EurAsEC, European countries participating in international treaties. The development of the concept of the welfare state in the Russian Federation was carried out by a well-known group of scientists and practitioners in Russia based on the Academy of Labor and Social Relations. The concept of a welfare state, created by this group, which included the authors of the article, was discussed at the Expert Council of the IPA EurAsEC. The program was approved by the participants of the conference organized at the Academy by the decision of the organizing committee in 2004. The draft Concept of the welfare state of the Russian Federation has been supplemented and corrected in accordance with the suggestions and comments of the Ministry of Finance, Ministry of Culture, Ministry of Labor, Ministry of Economic Development, Ministry of Health, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Ministry of Natural Resources, Ministry of Education, Social Insurance Fund, Pension Fund, Federal Compulsory Medical Insurance Fund, as well as participants in thematic conferences and round tables. However, the active processes of globalization have led to the need not only to introduce simple changes to the existing concept of the welfare state, and also propose its new paradigm for subsequent wide public discussion.


Objectives To build the Post-Stroke-Depression (PSD) rats model and research the effects of fluoxetine to the spontaneous behavior of the PSD rats and the c-fos and c-jun protein of hippocampus area. Methods Build the PSD rats by permanent ligation of bilateral carotid arteries (2VO), observe the change of the spontaneous behavior of the rats and the expression of c-fos and c-jun protein of hippocampus area and analysis the relative section area ratio and the average destination gray degree titer of c-fos and c-jun positive cells in the hippocampus area by image analysis method. Result An improvement of the spontaneous behavior( P 0.05), as well as a less expression of the c-fos and c-jun protein in the hippocampus area are observed for operated rats. Conclusion Bilateral carotids permanent ligation is a method to making ideal animal model for clinic research of PSD. Fluoxetine can improve the behavior of PSD rats and the molecular biology abnormally.


Few creative methodologies have been used in minority and underserved communities to elucidate the health challenges they face. Photovoice is a qualitative method that enables individuals to share their experiences with a given topic, such as chronic illness, through photography and inspires positive community action. Voices of African American Health was a photovoice project in which 24 African Americans living in the Piedmont Triad region of North Carolina took photographs and journaled about their experiences with chronic disease over a four-week period. Stories and photos that emerged from this program fell into four broad themes: limited health care access and perceived poor quality of care; religion and spirituality; expression and release of emotion; and coping mechanisms. This project used artistic means to enable community members to portray their experiences with chronic disease as a means to increase awareness of minority health. A traveling art exhibit showcases participants' photographs and journal vignettes, allowing them to share their stories with viewers from a diverse audience.


In March 1983, a fuel truck overturned at a bridge crossing the Cameron River, near Yellowknife, Northwest Territories, Canada, and spilled a quantity of diesel fiel. The spilled diesel fuel penetrated the snow cover, moved along the frozen surface of the ground and entered the ice-covered Cameron River. A sample of diesel fuel was recovered tlom beneath the river ice eight days after the initial spill. This sample from the river was compared with that from the original cargo in the truck in three quantitative and independent ways, namely gas chromatography with a comparison of the sample patterns by principal component analysis, acute toxicity to fish, and tendency to taint fish with an oily taste. The two samples were essentially the same in all respects, except for some subtle but consistent differences in the relative proportions of some individual hydrocarbons. The river samples were shown to contain slightly higher proportions of the Cs to Cq alkane components. Slightly lower proportions of alkanes eluted after CU, possibly as a result of losses due to sediment adsorption or fractionation under the ice. Evidently the low ambient temperatures and cover by ice and snow reduced greatly the 'weathering' phenomenon often described with spilled oils, and permitted the oil to retain its toxic and tainting properties.


This paper introduces a new kind of auto-tuning controller. In order to get characteristic data for identifying the plant model, this kind of controller uses a method which is called "geometric progression growth recording method". By the method, the redundancy information of the sample data can be minimized, while the size of data memory can be reduced, and the controller can adapt itself to the different response speed of different plants.


The Department of Engineering Technology at Old Dominion University offers TAC of ABET accredited baccalaureate programs in Civil Engineering Technology, Electrical Engineering Technology, and Mechanical Engineering Technology. All students are required to take traditional courses in algebra and trigonometry, as well as differential and integral calculus, at the freshman and sophomore levels. While these courses provided the necessary basic mathematical skills, it was difficult to justify the traditional upper-division mathematics courses such as differential equations, vector analysis, etc., as appropriate for the special needs of engineering technology students. To address this issue, the Department has undertaken the development of a new "systems analysis" course that will cover the necessary upper-division engineering technology mathematical needs for ET students and it will be taught around a MATLAB based paradigm. While there are a number of fine computational software packages, MATLAB appears to be gaining broad acceptance in the engineering work place as one of the primary tools for advanced analysis. The course will consist of selected topics in linear algebra and matrices, differential equations, Laplace transforms, curve fitting, statistics, and optimization. Preliminary versions of the course have been offered several times to Electrical Engineering Technology Students and have received an excellent response. Beginning in the Spring of 2003, it will be offered to all Engineering Technology majors. Modifications to achieve that goal are currently underway. All topics will be first introduced in their basic mathematical forms, but once the concepts are mastered with "simple" numbers and forms, students will begin utilizing MATLAB extensively to solve more practical and challenging problems. The paper presents a detailed breakdown of the topics selected for coverage in this new course along with examples of complex problems that are easily solved by students with MATLAB. A discussion of problems observed during the integration of students from all the discipline areas into the course will be made and proposed changes to improve the course will be discussed.


The effects of pinolene-base Vapor Gard (VG) emulsion type film and Kaolin, Surround (WP) particle type film antitranspirants on stomatal behavior, water status, carbon assimilation and transpiration rate of tuberose (Polianthes tuberosa L.) were studied. The plants grown under the irrigation regimes of 100, 80 and 60% of total evapotranspiration (ET) values were investigated to select the most suitable antitranspirant for conserving irrigation water, used in cultivation of tuberose plants in arid regions. Severe water stress, decreased the stomatal frequency and conductance (gs), the leaf water potential (Ψw), the osmotic potential (Ψπ) and the turgor potential (Ψp), the relative water content (RWC), the chlorophyll content (chl), the carbon assimilation rate (A) and the transpiration rate (E). Both types of antitranspirants effectively enhanced the performance and physiological activities of water-stressed plants particularly at the 80% ET, but they did not compensate for the negative effects caused by the 60% ET treatment. However, the particle type, Kaolin, was more effective than the emulsion type, VG, due to its ability to reduce leaf temperature. The increased gs caused by VG and Kaolin sprays were accompanied by increased A suggesting that gs might have a limiting effect on A in water-stressed plants. Water use efficiency (WUE) of Kaolin-sprayed leaves was significantly higher than that of VG sprayed leaves. However, no significant differences between both antitranspirants on E were recorded. Increased WUE, therefore, could be attributed to a higher A by using Kaolin as compared with VG sprays. Thus, particle type antitranspirants are more effective in regulating water status, WUE and the photosynthetic activity of tuberose plants in arid


We are well aware that the production of cement does a lot of harm to the environment. It includes tons of similar carbon emissions from other chemicals. Research has shown that every ton of cement output releases half a ton of carbon dioxide, so the need to regulate the use of cement is immediate. For example, Sugar Cane Bagasse Ash is hard to arrange on the hand materials squanders which is consequently ecological danger. The Bagasse debris gives concrete strong early cohesion, and also decreases cement porousness. During hydration, the silica present in the Bagasse debris reacts with concrete segments and gives extra properties such as chloride opposition, erosion obstruction and so on. Using Bagasse debris in concrete thus decreases the ecological pollution as well as improves the properties of cement and thus decreases the quality. This undertaking manages for the most part to substitute concrete with Bagasse debris in defined degree and to test the mixed cement on SCBA. The solid blend formed by fluctuating the Bagasse debris' differential extent at 0 percent, 10 percent, 15 percent, 20 percent, 30%, 40 percent. The test result shows that the consistency of solid increases up to 10 per cent Sugar stick bagasse debris with concrete supplanting.


Modern Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) systems often use a portfolio of domain-specific models in order to get high accuracy for distinct user utterance types across different devices. In this paper, we propose an innovative approach that integrates the different per-domain per-device models into a unified model, using a combination of domain embedding, domain experts, mixture of experts and adversarial training. We run careful ablation studies to show the benefit of each of these innovations in contributing to the accuracy of the overall unified model. Experiments show that our proposed unified modeling approach actually outperforms the carefully tuned per-domain models, giving relative gains of up to 10% over a baseline model with negligible increase in the number of parameters.


Designing a concrete mix for some particular aspects of durability is relatively simple if a correct choice of the constitute materials is made. Adopting carefully designed concrete mixtures in the actual construction is no guarantee that the structures will be durable up to its designed life cycle. The first obstacle is non-homogeneity of the concrete in various parts of the structures caused by insufficient or lack of vibration due to carelessness of the workers or improper supervision. This report illustrates how a combination type SCC, made with a Viscosity Modifying Admixtures in an aqueous solution may be utillised efficiently for constructing durable structure with readily available local material and labour and present several international projects where SCC has been used with success.Also this report illustrates the study carried out on determination of suitable methods for assessing SCC at site. This work is based on the method for assessment of key properties of SCC like flow, passing ability, filling ability and segregation resistance. Final aim of this work is to decide and proposed a test method, which gives fast and accurate assessment of fresh SCC properties. A combination of Slump-flow test and L-Box test has been found suitable for workability assessment of SCC at job sites.


At a recent joint meeting on January 30, 2014 between stakeholders in the Neuro-Oncology community (clinical scientists, imaging experts, representatives from pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies, and philanthropy) and the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), discussing endpoints for clinical trials in recurrent glioblastoma, this phrase ("we will know it when we see it") was used on several occasions. Either in a sense of hope or perhaps frustration with the lack of new agents in this disease, the comment reflected a sense by some in the meeting that imaging surrogates of tumor burden remain problematic, objective response remains elusive, landmark time to progression endpoints not validated, and neither of these endpoints are proven (yet) to be a true measure of efficacy for new therapies. There was general agreement that a sustained, durable, objective response could serve as a surrogate for preliminary approval of new agents, even in the context of a single arm study. This agreement assumed reliable, consistent and reproducible measures of "response" were standardized and could be used effectively in multi-institutional settings. Bevacizumab was given accelerated approval using an objective response measure, based upon a single, uncontrolled clinical trial (the BRAIN study), supported by results from a second independent study (1, 2). Confirmed and independently reviewed imaging responses, taking into account enhancing and T-2 /FLAIR sequences and steroid use, were seen in both studies at a much higher rate than historical controls. In full disclosure, I advocated for this indication at the FDA Oncology Drug Advisory Committee meeting, based upon the trial evidence, our own experience and that of others, and feeling that I really "knew it when I saw it." Full approval by the FDA required confirmation in a larger randomized study.


OMAR ABDALLAH ARIFUDDIN. Environmental Vision of Fisherman Society Empowerment Policy Alternative at Angke Estuary, North Jakarta. Under supervision by ETTY RIANI and WONNY AHMAD RIDWAN The aim of this research is for knowing the condition of social existing, economy, and fisherman's culture at Angke Estuary; analyzing water quality and the beach mangrove broken at Angke Estuary; analyzing alternative policy which is related by environmental vision of fisherman empowerment efforts at Angke Estuary. This research will be done at June until July, 2009. This research metode which is finding social existing condition, economy, culture, and biophisyc is by deskriptive, analitycal hierarchy proccess (AHP) to determine an alternative policy of fisherman society empowerment. Fisherman society social life at Angke Estuary, is different with another fisherman society life in Indonesia, the low education, the dependent productivity of season, the limited capital employed, the low supporting tool, low market mechanism and technologi transfer, and communication which cause fisherman become unstabilizing. The impact of west and east season changing, and also water quality pollution cause fisherman use another natural resourches. There, by falling mangrove trees down at Angke Estuary Wild Life Sanctuary to make charcoal basic commudity as new profession or additional income. The continueing of taking mangrove trees by the fisherman in Wild Life Sanctuary, is the activity which break the low, because the Wild Life Sanctuary is protected by a bill number 41, 1999 about forestry, paragraph 50, artide 3. related by that condition, so, it is important to look for actual information, what the fisherman want is, as the their own competence, so it can be made an alternatif statement about fisherman sociaty empowerment which has a environmental vision at Angke Estuary.


A Descriptive-comparative study. 70 people from which 35 were married and 35 were divorced were evaluated with Lind test both individually and collectively and virtual way. Significant differences between groups (Sig. Bilateral 0,000 in the test of equal means for the index C and Moral Attitude) were found. Married people are more capable of moral judgment, lower levels of moral attitude and are in higher stages of moral judgment development; thus clearly demonstrating that the married group has a better development of moral judgment than the group of divorced people.


We show that, for horoconvex domains in the hyperbolic space, the product of their fundamental gap with the square of their diameter has no positive lower bound. The result follows from the study of the fundamental gap of geodesic balls as the radius goes to infinity. In the process, we improve the lower bound for the first eigenvalue of balls in hyperbolic space.


Background: The Fontan operation is a palliative procedure for children with congenital single ventricle heart disease. With advances in prenatal diagnosis and surgical techniques, more children are surviving into adulthood with unique cardiovascular physiology. Little is currently known about long-term kidney function in these patients. Hypothesis: We hypothesize that long-term survivors after Fontan palliation will have a higher prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) compared to healthy controls. Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort study of subjects evaluated through the Single Ventricle Survivorship Program (SVSP) at the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia between July 1, 2010 and December 5, 2014 and healthy children similar in sex and age. The primary outcome was CKD, defined as eGFR Results: The Fontan cohort included 68 subjects with mean age of 13.9 years (SD 5.8) at SVSP visit who were 11.2 years (SD 5.7) from Fontan operation. The healthy cohort included 70 patients with mean age of 15.9 years (SD 3.9). Mean eGFR was 102.6 versus 101.9ml/min/1.73m2 (p=0.89) in pediatric Fontan versus healthy subjects using the complete CKiD equation, and 128.5 versus 129.7ml/min/1.73m2 (p=0.56) in adult Fontan versus healthy subjects using the CKD-EPI creatinine and cystatin formula. 10% of Fontan subjects had an eGFR Conclusion: We found that 10% of subjects have eGFR


The paper discusses the basic conditions required for assessing the technical condition of heritage building structures. Attention is given to the utility of non-destructive testing for this purpose, which allows essential diagnostic testing to be carried out directly on site, with only minimal intervention into its structural integrity. The paper presents also the results of own research regarding assessment of concrete compressive and tensile strength, as well as assessment of water absorbability and risk of corrosion in the upper reinforced concrete ring of the dome structure of the Centennial Hall in Wroc ł aw.


This essay investigates the relation between instructors, syllabi, and regulations governing academic integrity.  It is argued that academic integrity policies serve a distinct purpose, a purpose other than the moral purpose that is usually stated when such policies are invoked. Rather, integrity policies serve an "extra-moral" role.  They cover pedagogical and epistemological inconsistencies inherent in the role of the instructor, and inherent in the policies themselves.


Interactions of soil minerals with natural organics and microbes , Interactions of soil minerals with natural organics and microbes , مرکز فناوری اطلاعات و اطلاع رسانی کشاورزی


ABSTRACTThis research paper concerned with the analysis of factor affecting ideological shift of text in the translation of literary work. As the data source, a novel entitled 'half of yellow sun' a work of Chimamanda Adichie was analyzed. The analysis was specified to clauses taken from the English and Indonesian version of the novel, as the data. Further, the researcher applied descriptive qualitative approach in collecting and analyzing the data. Halliday's theory of metafunction, specified on the analysis of transitivity system was used as main theory. Moreover, the theory of ideology in translation was adopted in the analysis, as causal factor to see how translation ideology cause the ideological shift of text in translation. Then, the result of the analysis revealed that the intermetafunctional shift is the most significant category found in the text (90.24%), while the intra-metafunctional shift was only found once (9.75%).   It proved that there were significant change of ideology of text showed by the changing of the process of transitivity system. Morever, the result of analysis releaved that, the ideological shifts of text were mostly affected by domestication ideology with percentages 78.05%, and foreignization ideology by percentages 21.95% or equal to a quarter of the whole clauses. It means that the translator produced the translation based on her goal and point of view and ideology of target language's culture and trying to make the text as closely as possible to the target readers' language. It means the ideological shift of text were affected by translation ideology in which the translator produced the translation based on her goal and point of view and ideology of target language's culture and trying to make the text as closely as possible to the target readers' language.Keywords: Systemic Functonal Linguistics, Translation, Discourse Analysis, Ideological Shift, literary work


Several Quartz Crystal Microbalance (QCM) measurement techniques in conjunction with a series of calix[4]resorcinarene sensing membranes have been successfully exploited for the detection of volatile organic solvents at vapour concentrations below their lower explosive level.The impedance analysis technique involves the measurement of the electrical properties of the QCM around the resonant frequencies of crystal. Subsequent fitting of the measured spectra to an equivalent circuit allows parameters directly related to mass loading and the mechanical properties (viscosity) of the film to be obtained. An experimental setup which allows the real time in situ extraction of these parameters has been developed.It has been shown that unique changes in mass loading and the films viscoelastic properties caused by the adsorption of target vapours into a calix[4]resorcinarene C15H31 sensing membrane can be detected. In some cases this facilitates both the detection and discrimination of target vapours using a single QCM sensing element. The changes in the films mechanical properties are believed to be caused by capillary condensation of vapours at values below saturated vapour pressure inside the nano-porous calix[4]resorcinarene film matrix.The work is extended by the use of the sensor array technique. In the first instance frequency only measurements are used. Four QCM have been coated with calix[4]resorcinarene compounds with different hydrocarbon chain lengths and exposed to range of organic vapours. The variation in chain length produces selectivity between the sensing membranes, and leads to the classification of all the tested organic vapours using a feed forward multilayer Artificial Neural Network. The trained network successfully classified over 98% of the test data.The additional measurement of film dissipation using impedance analysis/QCMD shows interesting phenomena. An unexpected increase in mechanical stiffness of the film is observed for small chain length C[4]RA compounds (CH3) on vapour sorption. A speculative model has been proposed relating the chain length and effective cavity size to the observed phenomena.An alternative low cost multi parameter measurement set up has also been developed using the QCMD principle. The crystal is driven from an external oscillatory source and subsequently disconnected. The resonant frequency and dissipation factor can be extracted from the decaying sinusoid signal. This approach eliminates the need for expensive network analysers. An additional multiplexing circuit has been combined with the QCMD technique and allows both the frequency and dissipation factor of several crystals to be measured in pseudo real time. This makes the system ideally suited for multi parameter array measurements.The basis for a discriminative explosive vapour sensor based on calix[4]resorcinarene membranes has been investigated and promising results for future development have been obtained. The exact adsorption mechanisms are however complex and althoughspeculative models have been proposed, further research is suggested to fully characterize the complete adsorption process and the mechanical changes taking place within the film.


When fission occurs in nuclear fuel in reactor core,it releases numerous neutron and γradiation,which takes energy deposition in fuel components and yields many factors such as thermal stressing and radiation damage influencing the safe operation of a reactor.Using the three-dimensional Monte Carlo transport calculation program MCNP and continuous crosssection database based on ENDF/B series to calculate the heat rate of the heat source on reference assemblies of a PWR when loading with 18-month short refueling cycle mode,and get the precise values of the control rod,thimble plug and new burnable poison rod within Gd,so as to provide basis for reactor design and safety verification.


This research intended to test the influence of accounting conservatism explanations such as contracting, litigation, taxation, and regulation to investor trust. In this case, the indicator of the investor trust can be seen from the stock return. A number of manufacturing companies registered in Indonesia stock exchange from year 2008 to 2012 was used as samples in this research. The test of the influence of accounting conservatism explanations to stock return has been done by using double regression analysis. Based on the result of the test, the accounting conservatism explanations for contracting, litigation and regulation has no significant influence to stock return. On the contrary, it has positively significant influence to taxation.


ABSTRACT We derive the influence function of the likelihood ratio test statistic for multivariate normal sample. The derived influence function does not depend on the influence functions of the parameters under the null hypothesis. So we can obtain directly the empirical influence function with only the maximum likelihood estimators under the null hypothesis. Since the derived formula is a general form, it can be applied to influence analysis on many statistical testing problems.


A new optimality criterion algorithm is presented for producing modified shape designs for fluid flow inside channels. To compute the fluid motion in a channel, the Lattice Boltzmann Method (LBM) was used based on D2Q9 lattice spaces associated with the Bhatnagar-Gross-Krook (BGK) collision term. An experiential optimality method to design channels with the lowest pressure drop along the passage is introduced. The positions of solid cells and fluid cells are exchanged based on the strain rate tensor at the solid-fluid interface. To obtain the optimized shape, the cells are changed until the optimality condition is obtained with the restriction of constant fluid volume. Examples are presented to validate the algorithm, including an elbow tube as well as symmetrical and nonsymmetrical T-junction channels. The validation exercises demonstrate that the algorithm is suitable for optimal channel design.


We propose and demonstrate 40Gb/s multifunctional all-optical logic gates based on single semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA) and a blue shifted optical bandpass filter (OBF), suitable for both return-to-zero (RZ) and nonreturn-to-zero (NRZ) format. The logic functions NOT, NOR and OR of RZ format are realized at the OBF detuning of -0.15nm, - 0.22nm, and -0.44nm, respectively. The logic functions NOT and NOR of NRZ format are realized at the OBF detuning of -0.24nm. The measured ER is around 7dB and Q factor is over 6. Our scheme has the potential advantages of multilogic functions, simple structure, and high tolerance to input pulsewidth.


We find a new presentation of the stack of hyperelliptic curves of odd genus as a quotient stack and we use it to compute its integral Chow ring by means of equivariant intersection theory.


We tested the application of the concept of hemeroby and generalism at community level, on a set of birds occurring in various habitats of central Italy characterized by different level of disturbance. In each habitat-related bird community, we applied the recently published species-specific score in hemeroby (a proxy of habitat-related disturbance; HSi) and hemerobiotic diversity (a proxy of generalism; H'Hi) to local species frequency, obtaining weighted values at community level (HStot and H'Htot). The relationship between HStot vs. H'Htot showed an increasing trend moving from reed beds through forests and mosaics to urban communities. Quadratic model (best fit) evidenced a significant correlation between these variables and a tendency toward a hump-shaped curve, corroborating results already observed at species level (intermediate generalism hypothesis). The co-inertia analysis discriminated four groups of habitat-related communities, characterized by species with different levels of disturbance-sensitivity (expressed by HSi) and generalism (expressed by hemerobiotic diversity; H'Hi): (i) forest type-related, where mature wood communities were separated from a coppiced wood one; (ii) communities of moderately disturbed agricultural habitats; (iii) communities embedded in highly disturbed mosaics, and (iv) a group including either a highly disturbed urban habitat or a low disturbed wetland reed bed, with highly specialized species (respectively, synanthropic species and water-related species). Total scores in hemeroby and hemerobiotic diversity, expressing the composition in species with different disturbance preference and generalism, might act as good community-based indicators of degree of naturalness, especially for forest habitat types.


The present invention relates to CD95 signaling inhibitor compound of pancreatic cancer cells. Furthermore, the present invention is to prevent and / or treat medicament, as well as pancreatic cancer comprising such compounds for preventing and / or treating pancreatic cancer to intended to prevent the migration of cancer cells, and / or inflammatory reactions the use of such compounds for the manufacture of a medicament for the prophylaxis and / or treatment of. The present invention also relates to a method of manufacturing a medicament comprising the further step of formulating a method of identifying the CD95 signal transduction inhibitors compounds as well as CD95 and steps of the method of identifying the signal transduction inhibitor compounds the inhibitory compound as a pharmaceutical. .BACKGROUND


This work investigates the fixed-time trajectory tracking control problem of a wheeled mobile robot (WMR) under external disturbances. Firstly, the dynamic error system of the WMR is transformed into a second-order attitude error subsystem and a third-order position error subsystem, respectively. Subsequently, the super-twisting-like algorithms are proposed for the trajectory tracking of the WMR, and the fixed-time stability of the two subsystems are guaranteed. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed control schemes is demonstrated by simulation and experiment results.


There has been no systematic study of the motivations underlying sexual offending against women by psychotic men. The Massachusetts Treatment Centre Rapist Typology Version 3 (MTC:R3) was applied to a national sample comprising all 80 male restricted hospital order inpatients with schizophrenia, resident in any hospital in England and Wales during May 1997, with an index conviction for a contact sex offence against a woman, committed whilst psychotic. The primary motivations for sexual offending according to the typology were: sexual (54%); opportunistic (29%); vindictive (11%); pervasively angry (6%). The sexual, non-sadistic motivational type was significantly over-represented amongst the 18 men who had specific delusional or hallucinatory drive at the time of their index offences, compared with the 62 men who had no such drive. There appeared to be complex interactions between psychotic symptoms and the enduring behavioural profiles used to classify the different motivational types. It is proposed that, in addition to an accurate assessment of psychotic symptoms, a consideration of the motivational types in a classification system such as the MTC:R3 provides a basic framework which helps inform clinical opinion about what overall factors and patterns of behaviour may be relevant when a psychotic man sexually assaults a woman.


The stability of the airborne equipment relies on the safe and reliable power supply system. In this paper,a power system with automatic monitoring and protecting function is studied,and the intelligent power module's hardware and software implementation method is discussed in detail. Based on DSP processor SMJ320F240,power module structure of 1 + 1 redundant power supply is adopted,which can realize the current voltage detection,input overvoltage surge suppression,input peak surge suppression and other intelligent management functions.


Although extensively sought this last decade, the Higgs boson still remains undetected. Relevant constraints on Higgs mass come from the direct searches performed at LEP, excludind Higgs with a mass lower than 114 GeV=c. The Fermilab TeVatron p p collider, with p s = 2:0 TeV will give the highest available center of mass energy until the LHC starts. Both CDF and D experiments are the only places where direct evidence of a Higgs signal can take place. This document reports the prospects for Higgs discovery at Run II, based on projections from the TeVatron Higgs Working Group analyses, and describe the progress made since then.


Objective To investigate the effects of laparoscopic total hysterectomy on systemic oxidative stress. Methods Each 38 patients who underwent laparoscopic total hysterectomy(LTH) and total abdominal hysterectomy(TAH) respectively from March 2010 to March 2012 were enrolled in this study. Plasma malondialdehyde(MDA), superoxide dismutase(SOD) activity and glutathione peroxidase(GPx) activity were measured before surgery, at the end of the surgery, and 24 h after laparoscopic surgery, for the comparison with the measurements in patients receiving total abdominal hysterectomy surgery at the same time points. Results Compared with that pre-operation, the level of MDA in plasma increased significantly and recovered to the normal level 24 h after the laparoscopic surgery, but in laparotomic surgery, plasma MDA level underwent a slight increase in the end of the surgery and continued to increase 24 h after the operation(P0.05). Compared with that pre-operation, the activity of both SOD and GSH-PX in plasma decreased significantly and recovered to the normal level 24 h after the laparoscopic surgery, but in laparotomic surgery, plasma SOD and GSH-PX activity slightly decreased immediately following the surgery and continued to decrease 24 h after the operation(P0.05). Compared with patients receiving laparotomic surgery, laparoscopic patients had significantly lower plasma MDA level and significantly higher SOD activity and GSH-PX activity at 24 h after the operation. Conclusion Oxidative stress resulted from CO2 pneumoperitoneum during laparoscopic surgery recovers faster than that caused by laparotomic surgery.


Abstract We consider a method-comparison study of assessing agreement between the gold standard and the unknown best among the k instruments under consideration. The goal is to identify the best when this agreement is close enough in terms of certain metric. We propose a two-stage procedure that employs the logarithm of the mean squared deviation as the metric for comparison and uses its large-sample properties. Our procedure has a prespecified significance level under the null hypothesis of insufficient agreement. Further, it correctly rejects the null hypothesis and selects the true best with probability no less than a prespecified level (in the asymptotic sense), when the best has sufficiently close agreement with the gold standard and is not practically equivalent to other competing instruments. For k = 2, we assume bivariate normality for the differences of paired measurements and study the small-sample properties of the procedure using simulation. We observe that a first-stage sample of size 15 is adequate for its application and illustrate the procedure using a real data set.


The shapes and low-energy spectra of 176−194Pt isotopes are discussed by a nonrelativistic Skyrme–Hartree–Fock (SHF) approach plus a density-dependent pairing in the BCS approximation. Two different Skyrme parameters SLy5 and SGII are used to perform constrained triaxial mean-field calculations of energy surface. The calculations beyond mean field are introduced by a projection of mean-field intrinsic wave functions onto good angular momentum. Theoretical calculations exhibit the evolution of shapes from triaxial in light Pt isotopes to γ soft for medium Pt isotopes, and finally oblate shapes in heavy isotopes. In particular, the calculated excitation spectra are in good agreement with available data and the trend of experimental B(E2) is reproduced. The mean-field calculations indicate a stable shape evolution with SLy5 and SGII interactions, respectively. In the present SHF approach, the lighter nuclei Pt isotopes present a slightly triaxial shapes.


The authors describe a multi-step generalization of the "attack-defense" model, defined and studied by Germeier. It is a modification of the Gross' model. The similar model was proposed by Gorelik for the gasoline production. In the military models the points are usually interpreted as directions and characterize the spatial distribution of defense resources across the width of the defense front. The dynamics of the average number of parties described by the "attack-defense" game can be described by finite-difference Osipov-Lanchester' equations. Therefore, it would also be interesting to obtain a generalization of Germeyer's classical model to the dynamic case when the "attack-defense" game is played many times. On this basis, in the present work, a dynamic expansion of the model is constructed in the form of a positional game with opposing interests of the distribution of parties' reserves with complete information. The authors studied the simplest multi-step extension of the attack-defense model, which consists in the fact that the corresponding game is played repeatedly. Multi-step game with the complete information of the parties' reserves management was built on this basis. It is assumed that the defense party makes the first move at each step and the attack party became aware about this move. The functional equation for the best guaranteed result of the defense, which is the value of the positional game due to the parties' adopted sequence of moves was written out. Its analytical solution for a two-step game was obtained and it was shown that it is advantageous for an attack party to enter all reserves simultaneously, as in the classic attack-defense game.


A few years ago, several groups of scientists around the US set out to establish interdisciplinary institutes that combine the expertise of physicists, chemists, biologists and computer scientists in hope of learning how the fundamental laws of physics guide living organisms. Now, the "science at the borders" programmes established at Princeton, Harvard, the University of Chicago, Stanford, the Howard Hughes Medical Institute (HHMI) and the University of California are starting to bear fruit in the form of new collaborations, curricula and buildings.


The writing of this article is motivated by the existence of a narrow view of human intelligence, the reality is that smart children are children whose mathematical value or language is high while children who have good character, have a high awareness of the surrounding environment are considered not intelligent and at finally, intelligent human resources emerged, but they lacked the nature of care, so the writer was moved to examine whether the nature of caring could be developed through teaching and learning activities in this case through the central approach using the ADDIE model. The method used is by using the Research and Development (R & D) method with a qualitative approach and the ADDIE model. The results of the study show that the nature of caring can be developed through learning strategies outlined through learning implementation plans (RPP). This is evidenced by the authors making observations, interviews and field notes and merging learning activities at SDIT Permata Madani by recording each incident, which in the end through design development of the nature of student care can increase awareness of the environment, teachers, peers, things and school in general.


Objective:To explore the effects of the amino acid complex preparation onto the growth and development of the offspring rats.Methods: The amino acid complex preparation was administered(ig) by oral daily with four different doses(0,250,500,1000 mg/kg b.wt) to male SD offspring rats.Body weight and body length were measured respectively at the 1st,the 14th,the 28th and the 42nd days,usage rate of food for every week and total usage rate of food were calculated.Result: It was shown that indicators of growth and development include body weight,body length and usage rate of food existed significant differences between amino acid complex preparation groups and control group.Conclusion: It indicated that amino acid complex preparation did have the effect of promoting the growth and development of the offspring rats.


Brentano s theory of has garnered a surprising mind Kriegel 2003a, 2003b, Drummond Textor 2006, 2013). Here I argue for a novel interpretation of Brentano ' s theory that casts it as more original than previously appreciated and yet quite plausible upon inspection. According to Brentano ' s theory, as interpreted here, a conscious experience of a tree is a mental state that can be simultaneously thought of, or framed, equally accurately as (i) an awareness of a tree or (ii) an awareness of an awareness of a tree.


Previous research on the hukou divide has primarily focused on the tangible inequalities between urban and rural residents. In this paper, the reigning perception of the hukou divide is discussed from a social citizenship perspective, by relating recent social policy developments in China to the works of amongst others T.H. Marshall and W. van Oorschot. By examining the current state of the Chinese hukou system through multiple data sources and exploring recent policy developments, this paper shows that the hukou divide, despite having become irrelevant in some respects, continues to be an important determinant of social citizenship. The hukou system has created widespread institutional diversity of social security and sustained the stratification of social citizenship. Through the persistent depiction of rural people as lesser citizens, the hukou system consolidates rural people's self-image as a distinct undeserving group.


AbstractThe particle morphology of amorphous aluminum hydroxycarbonate was studied by disaggregation induced by phosphate adsorption and direct observation by high resolution transmission electron microscopy. The primary particles are sheet-like and have equivalent diameters of 55A or less. The primary particles are believed to correspond to planar polymers comprised of six-membered rings of aluminum ions joined by double hydroxide bridges. Secondary particles form by attractive interaction of primary particles. The size of the primary particles affects the porosity of the secondary particles. The granulating and tableting properties of two spray dried amorphous aluminum hydroxycarbonates were shown to be related to the size of the primary particles and the porosity of the secondary particles.


Few countries have as serious an unemployment problem as South Africa. In the period 2000-2013 the narrow (and official) unemployment rate averaged 24.1%. The broad unemployment rate (which includes the discouraged unemployed) averaged 33.4%. At the same time the informal sector is very small relative to total employment. If workers do not find employment in the formal sector, why do they become unemployed rather than enter the informal sector? To develop a theoretical model that incorporates both the segmented nature of the South African labour market and the simultaneous existence of very high unemployment, this paper draws on the dual labour market model of Bulow and Summers (1986) and the suggestion by Kingdon and Knight (2004) that barriers to entry exist into the informal sector. The result is a three-segment model comprising a primary (?good jobs?) and secondary (?bad jobs?) sector/segment, as well as a segment comprising the unemployed.


This paper focuses on "router-based" defense mechanisms, and whether they can provide effective solutions to network Denial-of-Service (DoS) attacks. Router-based defenses operate either on traffic aggregates or on individual flows, and have been shown, either alone or in combination with other schemes, e.g., traceback, to be reasonably effective against certain types of basic attacks. Those attacks are, however, relatively brute-force, and usually accompanied by either significant increases in congestion, and/or traffic patterns that are easily identified. It is, therefore, unclear if router-based solutions are viable in the presence of more diverse or sophisticated attacks. As a result, even if incorporating defense mechanisms in the routers themselves has obvious advantages, such schemes have not seen wide deployments. Our ultimate goal is to determine whether it is possible to build router-based defense mechanisms that are effective against a wide range of attacks. This paper describes a first phase of this effort aimed at identifying weaknesses in existing systems. In particular, the paper demonstrates that aggregate defense systems can be readily circumvented, even by a single attacker, through minor modifications of its flooding patterns. Flow-based defenses fare slightly better, but can still be easily fooled by a small number of attackers generating transient flooding patterns. The findings of the paper provide insight into possible approaches for designing better and more robust router-based defense systems.


Sir: It is well established that organ transplant recipients receiving long-term immunosuppressive therapy are at an increased risk of developing cutaneous malignancies, of which squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is the commonest. Atypical fibroxanthoma (AFX) is a rare cutaneous mesenchymal tumour which has been reported in organ transplant recipients on only three previous occasions. We report a further case in a renal transplant recipient which illustrates the potential diagnostic challenge posed by such cases. A 44-year-old caucasian man, Fitzpatrick skin type 2, underwent renal transplantation in 1990 for end-stage renal failure secondary to membranous glomerulonephritis. Post-transplantation he was commenced on prednisolone 10 mg daily, azathioprine 100 mg daily and cyclosporin 250 mg daily and was kept under regular surveillance in a dedicated organ transplant skin clinic. Within 2 years of transplantation he had developed multiple viral warts and by 2003 he had developed a total of 11 SCCs, two basal cell carcinomas, and 19 SCCs in situ, all on sun-exposed sites. In April 2003 a tender, red, ulcerated nodule measuring 15 mm in diameter developed on the left side of his neck. It was diagnosed clinically as an SCC and was excised. Histological examination (Figure 1) revealed a well-circumscribed, non-encapsulated, highly cellular tumour centred on the dermis. It was composed of pleomorphic, spindle-shaped and epithelioid cells arranged in sheets and fascicles, with a high mitotic rate (Figure 1). Some scattered cells were polyhedral and vacuolated with lipid-containing cytoplasm. These features were consistent with an undifferentiated malignant spindle cell skin tumour. To examine histogenesis further, immunohistochemistry with a panel of antibodies was performed; labelling of tumour cells was positive for vimentin and strongly positive for CD99 (Figure 2), and negative for cytokeratins, S100 protein, CD15, CD34, CD68, MNF 116, smooth muscle actin, HMB 45 antigen, desmin, PGP 9.5, a-antitrypsin, a1-antichymotrypsin, KP1, and factor XI-IIa. In addition, electron microscopy showed abundant endoplasmic reticulum, large cell nuclei, prominent nucleoli and irregular outline; several cells Figure 1. Upper dermal tumour composed of pleomorphic spindle-shaped cells and epithelioid cells arranged in sheets and fascicles.


While securitisation theory sees that the news media can be both a securitising actor and audience, the existing literature has not explored cases where the media are framed as the threat. This article illustrates how former President Donald Trump framed the U.S. news media as a threat, and argues that this constitutes a securitising move. Discourse analysis informed by framing theory is applied to a sample of tweets posted by Trump. These examples illustrate how Trump has continuously framed the media as a threat, highlighting the referent object as being a threat to the truth, the people and the country, thereby undertaking a securitising move.


A construction method for a bent of a temporary bridge is provided to prevent an accidental fall of workers, to make construction easy and to reduce the time and cost required for construction. The construction method for a bent of a temporary bridge comprises the steps of: forming a foundation to support a bent stably by arranging reinforcing bars and placing lean concrete, inking in the foundation and installing anchor bolts, and installing a bent connection(14) on each anchor bolt; assembling a base bent on the foundation horizontally by locating vertical frames on upper and lower parts and connecting horizontal members between the vertical frames at right angles to the vertical frame, connecting a diagonal member on each connection of a vertical member of the vertical frame and the horizontal member diagonally, and connecting another vertical frame, horizontal frames and diagonal frames to the vertical frame of the base bent repeatedly until a bent is formed to the planned height; and installing a bent on the foundation vertically by moving the assembled bent on the foundation, installing the bent vertically and placing on the bent connection and fixing the bend using a bolt and a nut.


Reported here are two cases of delayed postsurgical brucella abscess within the cranium, treated successfully by reoperation and appropriate medical therapy. Both patients had an occupational exposure to the pathogenic organism. Systemic symptoms of brucellosis became manifest postoperatively in case I and were present in case II long before operation. The diagnosis was confirmed by serology and positive culture. Later an intracranial abscess developed in both cases at the previous operative sites. Hematogenous spread of bacteria to the locally low resistance host tissue was speculated as the possible mechanism. Successful management was accomplished by reoperation, comprised of local drainage and debridement followed by a combined anti brucella drug regimen for a period of 6 months. MJIRI, Vol. 14, No. I, 97-100,2000


Phosphatidylethanolamine methyltransferase (PEMT), which sequentially methylates phosphatidylethanolamine to phosphatidylcholine (PtdCho), is the body's only pathway for de novo synthesis of choline. Mice lacking functional PEMT (PEMT −/−) quickly become choline deficient and require dietary choline for survival. PEMT −/− mice also have a substantial loss of PtdCho‐DHA in liver and plasma, regardless of dietary choline intake. Therefore, we propose plasma PtdCho‐DHA to be a useful, non‐invasive marker of in vivo PEMT activity in humans. To test this, we used gas chromatography to measure PtdCho‐DHA in plasma samples obtained from adult men and women as well as in primary human hepatocytes. PEMT activity using [3H]S‐adenosylmethionine (a substrate for PEMT) was also measured in the hepatocytes. To date, plasma PtdCho‐DHA was elevated in pre‐menopausal women as compared to post‐menopausal women and men, consistent with the ability of estrogen to induce PEMT (p<0.01). Furthermore, women with a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the PEMT gene that possibly decreases PEMT expression were found to have correspondingly less plasma PtdCho‐DHA (p<0.05). With corresponding data in hepatocytes, PtdCho‐DHA shows promise as a marker of in vivo PEMT activity in humans and could help with identifying individuals that may be at risk of choline deficiency. A deficiency in PEMT has also been shown to alter brain development in mice and loss of PtdCho‐DHA may be partially responsible for these effects. Ongoing investigations explore the importance of PtdCho‐DHA in fetal brain development.


rapid development of bioinformatics has resulted in the explosion of DNA sequence data which is characterized by large number of items. Studies have shown that biological functions are dictated by contagious portions of the DNA sequence. Finding contiguous frequent patterns from long data sequences such as DNA sequences is a particularly challenging task and can pave the way towards new breakthroughs. Apriori based techniques were among the first to be used in frequent contagious pattern mining. Later improved approaches like GSP, Prefix Span were also applied but the approaches required either large number of sequence scans, generated large number of candidates or required higher number of intermediate sequential patterns. In this paper an improvement of the positional based approach for contagious frequent pattern mining is DNA sequences is proposed. The proposed algorithm improves the existing positional based approach by introducing a new amalgamated sorting and joining technique which helps to reduce time and space complexity. The proposed approach outperforms traditional existing contiguous frequent mining approaches.


In the process of antiaircraft artillery weapons system shooting amending based on digital image processing technique,the projectile and target image will encounter interference from the electrical system and external environment and import the noise signals.The image needs to be preprocessed first in order to filter the noise signals.Based on the analysis of current typical filtering method,the paper proposes applying adaptive median filter algorithm for projectile and target image preprocessing,and develops a specific work process of filter algorithm.By comparing filter algorithms,the simulation results show that the adaptive median filter algorithm can effectively filter the image noise and it is a fast and effective method of missile and target image preprocessing.


The wind turbine generator 100 or other energy extracting apparatus is provided with a hydraulic circuit having a hydraulic motor 131 which drives the hydraulic pump 129, a generator 157 driven by the rotation shaft 125. The When the generator is switched off, wind turbine generator is later used for each possible in order to re-accelerate the generator rotor by running one pumping cycle at least once to the correct operation speed to a high pressure manifold pressure, and the power system 101 by him the to recover kinetic energy from the generator rotor. As a result, the energy efficiency as a whole is improved, it is the minimum operating power is reduced in the high-pressure manifold.


The invention discloses a biological organic fertilizer produced by utilizing thick yeast cream waste liquid. According to the characteristic that thick yeast cream contains a large amount of biological active yeast, organic matter raw materials such as rice hulls, reeds, tobacco stems and the like are adopted for decomposition and fermentation according to a biological fermentation principle; and the fineness of an obtained semi-finished product is kept between 18 and 50 meshes so as to strengthen the adsorption capacity of the semi-finished product. When certain temperature and humidity are maintained, concentrated yeast nutrient solution and an absorbing material are stirred uniformly according to a certain proportion, then sun-dried sugar residue or ground phosphate rock and manganese slag powder are doped, and then a product is formed through fermentation and composting in a certain period.


1 PROBLEM AND MOTIVATION The next ubiquitous computing platform, after personal computers and smartphones, is likely to be autonomous nature, such as drones, robots, and self-driving cars, which have been moving from mere concepts in labs to permeate almost every aspect of our society such as transportation, delivery, manufacturing, and agriculture [21, 37]. The continuous proliferation of autonomous machines depends critically on efficient and resilient computing substrates, driven by higher performance and safety requirements and the miniaturization of machine form factors. However, state-ofthe-art autonomous machines are becoming increasingly complex, imposing hefty design efforts, latency, energy consumption, and reliability challenges. Despite the high demand for scalable, efficient, and resilient autonomous machine computing (AMC), many fundamental problems remain unsolved in this area. Firstly, autonomous machines consist of complex cyber-physical components, resulting in a huge design space that hinders the scalability of computing architectures [8, 17]. Secondly, autonomous machines are typically resource-constrained and need to operate in dynamic changing environments in realtime, requiring extremely efficient and adaptive computing substrates [19, 33]. Moreover, autonomous systems need to operate resiliently to ensure their functional safety in the presence of faults, while nowadays resiliency solutions lead to higher overheads in performance, energy, and silicon cost [11, 12]. These challenges raise a surging need to develop more agile, efficient, and robust AMC solutions. In this work, we present a holistic solution to facilitate the development of scalable, efficient, adaptive, and reliable AMC.We explore various methods for automatic design space exploration, softwarehardware co-design, and efficiency-resilience co-optimization in three research lines. These methodologies can be seamlessly integrated and synergistically advance the ubiquitous application of next-generation agile, efficient, and reliable autonomous systems.


Animal breeding that includes antibiotics and vitamin consumption is considered as a major contributor to the multifaceted environmental impact of livestock farming. The production of innovative, functional animal feed premixes with antimicrobial and/or growth promoting activity from plants and herbal extracts could minimize the use of antibiotics and vitamins in livestock and enhance animal growth. However, the production of this new feed has to be followed by a low environmental footprint, and particularly lower when compared to conventional animal feeds. The objective of this study was the evaluation of Life Cycle Assessment of the newly produced functional poultry feeds that contain plant and herb origin extracts, as well as its comparison with the conventional animal feeding routine, which actually stands as the scope of the present LCA study. LCA was performed according to ISO 14040 & 14044, using GaBi software, utilizing ReCiPe 2016 (H)* methodology with 18 midpoints and 3 endpoints. To this end, to define the Goal of the study, Cradle-to-gate boundaries were set and the functional unit was defined as the total feeding quantity (including normal animal feed, antibiotics, vitamins) in 1 Month (per Kg of animal). Different scenarios were examined, in terms of the consumed quantities of supplementary substances (antibiotics and vitamins). The results of the examined scenarios reveal that the environmental impact is significantly lower in the case of encapsulated Bioactive compounds (BACs) extract incorporation, as well as in the case of raw BACs extract incorporation. Therefore, the substitution of antibiotics and vitamins from natural bioactive compounds, which is the scope of the production of this functional feed, constitutes a realistic goal.


We develop a systematic method of calculating the massless fermion propagation function and fermion-induced effective action in the background gauge field of an arbitrary number of widely separated instantons and anti-instantons. The results exhibit a strongly non-local nature of instanton interactions with massless fermions. Using these results, we also demonstrate that the ordinary perturbation theory vacuum is not allowed in QCD with massless fermions, since the cluster decomposition for certain correlation functions is violated due to widely separated instanton-anti-instanton bound states. The underlying mechanism is identical to that in the Schwinger model.


We propose a virtual crowd navigation approach based on deep reinforcement learning to improve the adaptability of virtual crowds in an unknown and complex environment. To address the problem of local optimum or slow iteration or even failure to converge due to sparse rewards in complex environments, we integrate the curiosity‐driven mechanism, the key navigation points acquisition and the failure path penalty method in addition to combining long short‐term memory networks, dynamic obstacle collision prediction with proximal policy optimization algorithms, which realizes the crowd navigation in a complex environment. The experimental results show that the proposed approach can simulate the motions of virtual crowds in various dynamic and complex scenarios without the environment modeling. The use of continuous action space also ensures that the movement trajectories of the virtual crowds are more realistic and natural. Furthermore, our approach can provide analysis and demonstration tools for a variety of independent collaborations such as competition and cooperation of group intelligence in an open and dynamic environment.


The fuzzy nearness degree evaluation model for utilization extent of city water resources,in which the variation coefficient method is used to calculate the weight of evaluation indices,is established in this paper.Taking the evaluation of utilization extent of city water resources in Xi'an city an example,the model is verified and discussed.The results show that model is easy to understand and realize and its evaluation result is objective.


Abstract : By operation of section 224 of the Uniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism Act (USA PATRIOT Act) of 2001, several of the USA PATRIOT Act's amendments to the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act (FISA) and the Electronic Communications Privacy Act (ECPA) concerning law enforcement and intelligence investigative tools, were originally scheduled to expire on December 31, 2005. Section 6001(a) of the Intelligence Reform and Terrorism Prevention Act (IRTPA) of 2004 (concerning lone wolf terrorists) was also scheduled to sunset on that date. Without any legislative action, these provisions as well as amendments to them would have ceased to exist after the sunset date, and most of the pre-existing provisions of law would have been revived automatically. During the 109th Congress, the House and Senate each passed USA PATRIOT Reauthorization Acts, H.R. 3199 and S. 1389 respectively,5 which made permanent 14 of the 16 expiring USA PATRIOT Act sections and extended the sunset on section 206 (regarding FISA court orders for multipoint, or roving, wiretaps) and section 215 (access to business records requested under FISA), as well as the sunset on section 6001(a) of IRTPA. The two bills differed in several respects, including the new sunset date (under S. 1389, December 31, 2009, while H.R. 3199 offered a ten-year extension to December 31, 2015).


The people-oriented design, political conditions and social backgrounds produce a design concept that meets the development of the times. The origin of this design concept is cultural and environmental, and other crafts legend has created it not out of thin air. As for the source, how to further develop the craftsmanship is the purpose of this paper on the ancient traditional purple sand art. The development of ancient purple sand craftsmanship is a proof of several hundred years of practice. The advantages and disadvantages of this practice can be directly exposed by the research. As long as the intention is summarized, it can be found that the development of this craft is not an isolated region that has been mythized by contemporary people, and its development is based on the humanities at that time, regional culture, integrated with a variety of techniques, combined with social backgrounds of different periods, reflecting the results of social and cultural needs, and there is a design thinking on modeling and aesthetic choice in the late Qing Dynasty. The different kinds of decorative styles of teapots exported to Europe and Southeast Asia indicate that the design thinking at that time was not beyond imagination. Demands, methods, and humanities should be the main sources of thinking. This paper analyzes the development of the history of purple sand tea sets and protect traditional molding techniques as a precondition to provide a feasible direction for the creation and development of contemporary purple sand tea sets. 1. The Origin of Purple Sand Tea Sets Zisha is a natural ore, a collective name for purple clay, green mud, and red mud. Its metallogenic age has already reached 100 million U.S. billion. It is produced in Huanglong Mountain and Qinglong Mountain in Yixing, China. The source of this material has not yet been found in other regions of China or in other parts of the world. So the raw material itself is already extremely precious. Zisha tea sets are produced in Yixing and mainly produce teapots for making tea. At the earliest time in history, there was controversy in the area of Chinese art research and archaeological research. According to historical records that can be checked, the reason why the purple tea set will appear is because of the relationship between weather, geography, and people. It can be understood that the promulgation of the ordinance of converting tea from tea to tea in the early Ming Dynasty was regarded as the time of day. The advantages of Yixing's native purple sand material are regarded as geographical advantages, and the craftsmen began to timely create human beings in order to meet the demands of the decree. The simultaneous satisfaction of these three conditions led to the birth of Zisha tea sets. Because of the plasticity of the material and the uniqueness of its production methods, it allowed it to integrate the styling and extension of bronze ware, jade ware, lacquer ware, stone sculpting, and porcelain styling. Therefore, it has become an important special technological heritage in the history of Chinese art and culture. 2. The Origin of the Creative Thinking of the Ancient Purple Sand Tea Set Starting from the beginning of the Zisha tea set to delineate the time range of an ancient development, it was the Ming and Qing Dynasties of China, that is, from 1368 to 1911, it took about 543 years. According to the definition of the earliest unearthed cultural relic at present, the Zisha tea set can be temporarily designated as the middle of the Ming Dynasty, that is, between 1471 and 1533. In the existing Nanjing Museum of China, the pot is thick and simple in shape. 2018 4th International Conference on Education & Training, Management and Humanities Science (ETMHS 2018) Published by CSP © 2018 the Authors 710 Afterwards, some Ming Dynasty purple sand tea sets have been unearthed. They all belong to the middle and late Ming Dynasty. Combined with historical records of the purple sand monographs, the whole period of Ming and Qing Dynasties was designed in various stages. The division of the birth of thinking can be divided into six major phases, namely the middle Ming Dynasty, the middle and late Ming Dynasty, the late Ming and early Qing Dynasty, the early Qing Dynasty, the middle Qing Dynasty and the late Qing Dynasty. Although the purple tea set unearthed in the middle of the Ming Dynasty was the first one, this issue has always been controversial in China's purple sand research field. However, whether it was first or not, it appeared on September 16, 1391. The tea tea that was born after the group's tea reformed leaf tea was designed to meet the requirements of the government ordinance, to discard the tea drinking method, and to use the teapot design produced when drinking tea. At the same time, it is necessary to point out that it is at this time that the purple sand mud is being poured out from ordinary clay. It is precisely because the immaturity of the initial stage of the refining process, and that the quality of the purple sand that was unearthed in the middle of the Ming Dynasty is thick, not The fineness in our concept. In addition, the special nature of the purple sand material itself makes it grow. Its advantages are: 1. Zisha is the collective name of the three kinds of slime, these three kinds of raw materials can be formed independently, but also can be matched with each other, and the proportion of different combinations will show rich color changes. 2, purple sand material contains quartz, hematite, mica and other agglomerating substances, in the 600 times the microscope, you can see the unique double pore structure, making it breathable water, so the tea will no longer pot Bored bad. 3, Zisha compared with china clay, the shrinkage is small, plasticity is high, not easy to be deformed, so the precision of modeling is high. At this point, with the help of weather, geography, and people, under the premise of satisfying daily life, Zisha tea sets began to develop in Yixing. 2.1 Use of Ming Dynasty Materials and Reference of Porcelain Burning Process The mid-Ming Dynasty records in the Ming Dynasty were the initial stages of Zisha tea sets, referring to the dates from 1391 to 1586, but the written records were not very rich. There were only six records of famous artists, so one can imagine the development platform at that time. Not open. However, there are four points that must be mentioned. The tree tumor pot that imitated the creation of natural forms in this period represents the thinking of the design of the shape of the original teapot. 2. Liang Liang, one of the six celebrities who wrote records, pioneered the style of the Bai Liang pot, demonstrating the artist's idea of trying to create the advantages of the purple sand material. 3. There are six famous artists recorded in the records, including one from Jiangxi Wuyuan, not Yixing native, named Li Maolin. The records of records from Li Maolin, Zisha firing began to use the enamel roasting process, therefore, the purple sand firing farewell to the past and the cylinder with the burn, the surface of the glaze tear, the firing process has made innovative progress. But in fact, this set of burning process was not created out of thin air, because the distance between Jingyuan Town and the China Porcelain Center was very short. At that time, Jingdezhen's firing of porcelain had already been used in the firing process. Therefore, this process can be applied to the process of burning purple sand, is the inevitable result of reference porcelain process. 4. At the beginning of the family heritage, Shi Peng, one of the six people, was the only entertainer whose historical records inherited the production process to his posterity. His son Shi Bin was the icon of the Golden Age that led the development of the tea industry in the middle and late Ming Dynasty. 2.2 Concept of Class Design by Class in the Ming Dynasty The middle and late Ming Dynasty referred to the period from 1586 to 1644, which was a golden period for the development of the Ming Dynasty teaware. The reason why this is the golden period is because this period not only enriched the design thinking and modeling style of the purple tea set because of the integration of local crafts, but also opened the development platform for Yixing Zisha tea set. The leader of this era is the son of Shi Peng, the famous purple sand master in the middle of the Ming Dynasty. This time, other famous craftsmen were all disciples or juniors. According to historical records, Shi Bin was originally named after the spring pottery, and


WHEN I WAS AN ADOLESCENT MADLY IN LOVE WITH DIANA WYNNE JONES'S novel, Archer's Goon, I read George Orwell's 1984 for the first time. Shortly thereafter, I ran across an article entitled "Realms of Fantasy: An Interview with Diana Wynne Jones" by Fiona Lafferty. Writing of Archer's Goon, Lafferty explained, "that this book was written in 1984 was no accident. Diana Wynne Jones intended this fantastic idea to act as a metaphor for what happens in real life, where governments can control people" (4). If I remember correctly, my original reaction to reading this quotation was one of surprise. I loved the novel as a wacky, imaginative, thought-provoking study of family dynamics, but apparently the author herself had stated that at least parts of the book were actually about politics and bad government. It took me years to realize it was not a coincidence that a novel about the abuse of political power and Orwellian government also dealt in depth with family relationships. Of course, Jones herself makes the point quite plainly in the novel. When Archer places the words "Archer is watching you" on the television that he also uses to spy on the Sykes family (33), he is not only borrowing his surveillance tactics from 1984 but also quite literally mimicking the slogan "Big Brother is watching you" (Orwell 5)--for Archer is the eldest brother in his family. However, Archer's use of the slogan while watching the Sykes family ultimately turns out to be ironic. Although he is, in fact, Howard Sykes's big brother, he differs from the omniscient Party in 1984 in his lack of awareness of such an important fact, an ignorance that demonstrates that his surveillance does not provide him with total knowledge of the people he watches. This interesting difference suggests the greater distinctions between the portrayal of state power and the family in the two novels. In 1984, power--the control of people--is imposed by the state from above, and the family is merely a site of futile resistance, an idealized form that has been successfully perverted by the state. In Archer's Goon, power is more complicated. Many characters wield it in different forms, and no one institution is the site of all power or all resistance. Characters who wield only state power and fail to integrate it with the "individual relationships" that Orwell's Party deplores fail in their goals, but, at the same time, Jones suggests, a devotion to "individual relationships" can also lead to an abuse of power. Meanwhile, the boundaries between the power of the state and the virtue of the family become less clear as we come to see that observing and being observed both involve dominance and subordination, depending on context. For example, in Archer's Goon, Archer is the ultimate big brother, but Howard is both Archer's younger brother and Awful's older brother. As Howard's little sister, Awful derives power from her observation of Howard and the other characters and also by manipulating the fact that Howard is forced to take care of and observe her. The many different localities of power lead to a shifting web of points of power and resistance, such that no one power structure can be totalized as it is in 1984. Perverted and Idealized Families in 1984 Archer's Goon, is, of course, much more than a riff on J984. (1) However, to the extent that Jones deals with Orwell's concerns with the relationships between family, power, and totalitarianism, one must first briefly examine what role the family plays for Orwell before examining the points of comparison and contrast between the two works. Most obviously, Orwell presents the family in 1984 as one of the many components of the humanity that Winston Smith envies in the proles. Winston explains that his mother "had possessed a kind of nobility, a kind of purity, simply because the standards that she obeyed were private ones" (136). His positive feelings towards the people of the past and the present-day proles is based on a sense that those unoppressed by the Party "had stayed human," because, for them, "what mattered were individual relationships" (136). …


Professor D'Arcy W. Thompson has recently revived a conjecture of Lauth on Geoponica, XIII, 8, 1, which runs as follows: ὅϕεις οὔκ ἔσονται ⋯ν χωρ⋯ῳ ⋯⋯ν ⋯ʊ⋯νθιονἢ ⋯ρτεμ⋯σιον ἢ ⋯βρ⋯τονον περ⋯ τ⋯ν ἔπα$$υλιν ϕυτε⋯σῃς. τοὺς δ⋯ ⋯ντας ⋯λ⋯σεις ⋯⋯ν (directions for a fumigation follow). The conjecture is that ⋯ντας is the Egyptian hontasu, 'lizard.' That this would make sense is obvious; but the usage of the Geop. itself, to say nothing of other authors, indicates that the word is simply what it appears to be, namely the pres. part, of εἰμ⋯. Thus we find in X, 46 τ⋯ ς⋯κα σκώληκας ¿ὔ π¿ι⋯σει⋯⋯ν μ⋯λλων φυτε⋯ειν ⋯μπ⋯ξῃς σκ⋯λλῃ τ⋯ν κλ⋯δ¿ν, τ¿ὺς δ⋯ ⋯ντας ⋯ναιρεῖς ⋯⋯ν κ.τ.λ. Here the explanation 'lizards' would hardly be reasonable; still more cogent, however, is XII, 8, 2–3, ¿ὔκ ἔσονται … τ⋯ς δ⋯ οὔσας κ⋯μπας διαϕθερῖς, where no such conjecture is possible. Not dissimilar is XII, 19, 9, τ⋯ς τε γ⋯ρ οὔσας ψ⋯λλας ϕθε⋯ρεικα⋯ ἄλλας οὔκ ⋯ᾷ γεν⋯σθαι. All these extracts are taken from authors of the second and third centuries A.D., though we have no means of knowing how closely their actual wording is followed; it is therefore in point to cite a passage of Galen, the opening paragraph of the tractate περ⋯ αἱρ⋯σεων Medicine, he says, has for its aim health, and a physician must know how to bring about health if absent (μ⋯ παρο⋯σαν) and preserve it if present (παροȗσαν). καλεῖται δ⋯, he continues, τ⋯ μ⋯ν ⋯ργαζ⋯μενα τ⋯ν μ⋯ οὖσαν ὑγ⋯ειατν τε κα⋯ βοηθ⋯ματα, τ⋯ δ⋯ φυλ⋯ττοντα τ⋯ν οὖσαν ὑγιειν⋯ διαιτ⋯ματα. In other words, ὢν can be used in much the same sense as παρών. This is no novelty of Roman times, for we may compare, for instance, Soph. Ant. 1109, οἵ ' ὅντες οἵ τ'⋯π⋯ντες, and El, 305 τ⋯ς οὔσας … κα⋯ τ⋯ς ⋯πο⋯σας ⋯λπ⋯δας.


In recent years, mobile technology is widely used in education, mobile learning devices updates fast. This has become a great challenge on designing mobile learning devices. FRAME model reveals the definition of mobile learning, describes the relationship between learners and equipment. In the FRAME model, the author brings the mathematical concept of well-posedness educational technology, describes the characteristics of learners and characterization-centered mobile learning device design methods, and proposes well-posedness of mobile learning devices based on learners' need.


The batch adsorption of doxycycline from aqueous solution using aluminum oxide under different experimental conditions was investigated in this study. The effect of initial concentration, sample volume, contact time and pH  have been reported. A comparison of kinetic models applied to the adsorption of doxycycline on the adsorbents was evaluated for the pseudo first-order, the pseudo-second-order, Elovich, Fractional power and intra particle diffusion kinetic models were utilized to the adsorption data in respect of investigating the kinetic process; kinetic data were best fitted to the pseudo-second-order model validated by normalized standard deviation (NSD), average relative error (ARE) and chi-square test (Chi-X2). The result suggested that the intra particle diffusion was one of the rate-limiting steps.


One of the most common needs in manufacturing plants is rejecting products not coincident with the standards as anomalies. Accurate and automatic anomaly detection improves product reliability and reduces inspection cost. Probabilistic models have been employed to detect test samples with lower likelihoods as anomalies in unsupervised manner. Recently, a probabilistic model called deep generative model (DGM) has been proposed for end-to-end modeling of natural images and already achieved a certain success. However, anomaly detection of machine components with complicated structures is still challenging because they produce a wide variety of normal image patches with low likelihoods. For overcoming this difficulty, we propose unregularized score for the DGM. As its name implies, the unregularized score is the anomaly score of the DGM without the regularization terms. The unregularized score is robust to the inherent complexity of a sample and has a smaller risk of rejecting a sample appearing less frequently but being coincident with the standards.