For a small electric vehicle (EV) with the rear two in-wheel motors, the hydraulic brake system and the mechanical brake system are installed at the front and rear tire respectively. The mechanical brake system is used at the rear tire because there is no enough space for the hydraulic brake system. In a braking condition, the in-wheel motor at the rear tire will generate the regenerative braking force and it can improve the braking performance of the vehicle. However, during braking on the low adhesion road surface, anti-lock brake system (ABS) is very crucial to prevent the tire from lock-up. To improve the safety and stability of the vehicle, the combination of anti-skid control system and direct yaw moment control system is proposed. The anti-skid control system contains a hydraulic unit of ABS at the front tires and regenerative brake timing control at the rear tires. The control method of the regenerative brake timing control is same as ABS and it will turn on and off to prevent the tire from lock-up. On the other hand, the direct yaw moment control system is developed to increase the steer performance of the vehicle. The optimal control is used as the control strategy method to control the yaw moment. The simulation is developed in MATLAB Simulink and the result shows that the proposed model can improve the stopping distance from 9 seconds to 8.2 seconds. In addition, the combination of skid control and yaw moment control also improved the steer performance of the vehicle.


CMOS image sensors (CISs) with global shutter (GS) function are strongly required in order to avoid image degradation. However, CISs with GS function have generally been inferior to the rolling shutter (RS) CIS in performance, because they have more components. This problem is remarkable in small pixel pitch. The newly developed 3.4 µm pitch GS CIS solves this problem by using multiple accumulation shutter technology and the gentle slope light guide structure. As a result, the developed GS pixel achieves 1.8 e− temporal noise and 16,200 e− full well capacity with charge domain memory in 120 fps operation. The sensitivity and parasitic light sensitivity are 28,000 e−/lx·s and −89 dB, respectively. Moreover, the incident light angle dependence of sensitivity and parasitic light sensitivity are improved by the gentle slope light guide structure.


One of the most common disorders in the world is learning disorder. Learning disorders are a disease that affects learning skills. The person with learning difficulties also understands, accept and recognize things in different ways. This can lead to problems learning new knowledge, skills and placing them into practice. It is therefore important to build a framework that can accurately recognize learning disabilities. This research goal is to perform Multilayer Perceptron of deep learning methods for predicting learning disorders (LD).


Gasoline consumption creates externalities, through pollution, road congestion, accidents, and import dependence. Mat effect would a higher gasoline tax have on the related magnitudes: gasoline consumption, miles driven, and road fatalities? In this paper, separate models are estimated for gasoline use per mile, miles driven per driver, and fatalities per mile driven. We use data from 50 U.S. states and DC for 1970 through 1991, with a variety of stochastic specifications. The own-price elasticity of demand for gasoline is derived from projections with, and without, a higher gasoline tax, and is found to be between -0.12 and -0.17 in the short-run, and between -0.23 and -0.35 in the long-run. A tax of $1 per gallon would cut use by 15-20%, miles driven by 11-12%, and fatalities by 16 18% over 10 years, while raising almost $100 billion in revenue annually.


Canine monocytic ehrlichiosis (CME) is a multisystemic disease with complex symptoms and nonspecific clinical signs that affects domestic dogs. The aim of this work was to study the presence of Ehrlichia canis in apparently healthy domestic dogs from four municipalities in western Cuba, by visualizing blood smears and phlogistic layer smears. Two hundred fifty-three dogs of different breeds, ages and sexes were studied. They came from four municipalities in western Cuba in Havana (East Havana, Boyeros and Cotorro), and Mayabeque (San Jose de las Lajas) provinces. One hundred and fifty-two venous blood smears and 101 phlogistic layer smears were performed. Morulas compatible with E. canis were visualized in 6/152 (3.94 %) venous blood smears and in 8/101 (7.9 %) phlogistic layer smears, without significant differences among the results. Morula compatible with Anaplasma platys was visualized in platelets in a venous blood smear, where morula compatible with E. canis was also observed in a monocyte. The results obtained in this study demonstrated the presence of intracytoplasmic morula of E. canis in monocytes, having coinfection with A. platys in apparently healthy domestic dogs.


This discussion has two objectives. The possible role of exertion and fatigue in causing brain and spinal cord disorders will be examined, and the effects of these factors on the course of already established neurological disease will then be reviewed. These topics are pertinent to sports and exercise because active participation in athletics can produce the type of exertion that has been linked at times to the precipitation or aggravation of nervous system dysfunction.


Finite element method (FEM) must be created the element mesh, it is very tedious and time-consuming. A novel meshless method doesn't require generating the element mesh, it reduces a large amount of computational and human time. The shape parameter plays a key role of meshless methods, the authors usually choose the shape parameter by trial and error or some other ad-hoc means. This study will propose LOOCV-GRBFCM to choose a "GOOD" shape parameter and solve problems automatically and practically. Performance evaluations will also be presented. We hope these results to support useful suggestions.


Use of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) has become a sine qua non in the education set up. It has a huge impact on the learning of both students and teachers. Researchers world around have focused on the very concern. In Pakistan, too, many researchers and educationist have worked on several aspects of the use of technology in education. However, the area is still grey in the country and there is a need of further studies with respect to teachers' beliefs and perceptions of using the technology, ICT curriculum as well as teacher development in the area. This study therefore focused on the perceptions of college teachers about the usage of ICT in education. The study particularly focused on the college teachers in a remote and mountainous region of Pakistan, which gives uniqueness to the study. Data were collected through a simple questionnaire survey and were analyzed using descriptive statistics. For the study 100 questioners were administered to college teachers. After cleaning 76 questionnaires were analyzed and used for the study. Findings show that majority of the respondents advocated the importance of using various ICT tools in the context of teaching and learning. Certain pertinent implications and recommendation have surfaced from the findings with respect to resources provision resources and professional development.


This paper discusses the main problems of the tourism in China, and puts forward the countermeasures of protecting tourist environment, using tourist resources reasonably and scientificialy, establishing the tourist economy for sustainable development.


In this paper, we give some results concerning Bernstein--Nikol'skii
inequality for weighted Lebesgue spaces. The main result is as follows: Let $1 < u,p < \infty$, $00$, $f \in L^u_v(\R)$ and $\supp\widehat{f} \subset [-\kappa, \kappa]$. Then $D^mf \in L^p_q(\R)$, $\supp\widehat{D^m f}=\supp\widehat{f}$ and there exists a~constant~$C$ independent of $f$, $m$, $\kappa$ such that
$\|D^mf\|_{L^p_{q}} \leq C m^{-\varrho} \kappa^{m+\varrho} \|f\|_{ L^u_v}, $
for all $m = 1,2,\dots $, where $\varrho=v + \frac{1}{u} -\frac{1}{p} - q>0,$ and the weighted Lebesgue space $L^p_q$
consists of all measurable functions such that $\|f\|_{L^p_q} = \big(\int_{\R} |f(x)|^p |x|^{pq} dx\big)^{1/p}
< \infty.$ Moreover, $ \lim_{m\to \infty}\|D^mf\|_{L^p_{q}}^{1/m}=
\sup \big\{ |x|: \, x \in \textnormal{supp}\widehat{f}\big \}.$
The~advantage of our result is that $m^{-\varrho}$ appears on the right
hand side of the inequality ($\varrho >0$), which has never appeared in related articles by other authors.
The corresponding result for the $n$-dimensional case is also obtained.


Tanning refers to the practice of darkening the pigment of one's skin through exposure to natural sunlight or artificial Ultraviolet (UV) radiation. Studies have explored the molecular mechanism of tanning induced by UV radiation exposure. UV radiation triggers DNA damage in the nucleus of keratinocytes, which induces production of melanin by melanocytes. The melanin is then transported to keratinocytes and manifests as darker pigmentation. An increasing amount of data accumulate to support a role for UV exposure in the development of both melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancers. This article reviews the body of literature reporting the effects of UV exposure on melanocyte biology, skin pigmentation, and melanoma


The occurrence of abnormal upper third molars and lower fourth molars in the Caninae is reviewed. It is proposed that the extra molars normally found in the adult dentition of Otocyon megalotis (Desmarest) are the result of a mutation that caused the duplication of the upper first molar and the lower second molar. Supporting evidence for this is presented. This makes the upper third molar of Otocyon the homologue of the normal canid second molar, and the lower fourth molar the homologue of the normal third molar of all of the remaining canids. The presence of an anomalous upper third molar is a relatively common variant in the genus Canis. Bertram, Windle and Humphreys (1890) recorded ABSTRACT: The occurrence of abnormal upper third molars and lower fourth molars in the Caninae is reviewed. It is proposed that the extra molars normally found in the adult dentition of Otocyon megalotis (Desmarest) are the result of a mutation that caused the duplication of the upper first molar and the lower second molar. Supporting evidence for this is presented. This makes the upper third molar of Otocyon the homologue of the normal canid second molar, and the lower fourth molar the homologue of the normal third molar of all of the remaining canids.


Objective To explore the association between LMNA gene mutation and familiar dilated cardiomyopathy(DCM)(FDCM)and idiopathic DCM(IDCM)in Uygurs and Han people in Xinjiang area.Methods Peripheral blood samples were collected from 28 family member with FDCM and 123 sporadic patients with IDCM(56 Uygur patients and 67 Han patients),80 Uygur


Let (n-1) measurements be taken on a component of some manufactured product prior to the manufacture of the product. The author wants to decide whether to keep or reject this component before it is allowed to enter the manufacturing process, based on the relationship of these measurements to some postmanufacture measurement on the finished product. Let all measurements ('before' and 'after'), taken together, form an n-dimensional random vector described by a multivariate normal distribution. The mathematical relationships necessary for the design of a Bayes classifier for the component is derived. The classifier has a relatively simple form, and can be easily implemented on a personal computer. There are two situations where this new classifier is an attractive alternative to the traditional classifier: (1) the assumption of two distinct normal distributions for the good and bad classes is theoretically untenable, and (2) the estimation of two different covariance matrices would be difficult for economic or other practical reasons. >


Aims: To isolate the unpolar bioactive diterpenes in pure forms from the soft coral Sarcophyton trocheliophorum , collected from Red Sea at the Egyptian coasts, and to identify t heir structures using diverse spectroscopic means (NMR [1D&2D] and MS). Additionally, to study the antimicrobial and cytotoxicity of the isolated compounds compared with the main crude extract of the soft coral. Study Design: Collection of the soft coral, Sarcophyton trocheliophorum from Red Sea at coast of Hu r gada, east Egypt , its homogenization, maceration in suitable organic solvent for extraction of the desired bioactive compounds and their purification by a series of different chromatographic


Background an study goals1 It is a well-known fact that Small and Medium size Enterprise (SMEs) are the most important form of business organization in Europe. What is much less known is that most SMEs in fact are micro enterprises with less than ten employees. These enterprises, often run by the owner and operating in craft and artisan sectors, employ around one third of the total European workforce.


THE role of iodine deficiency in endemic goiter was established by the pioneer studies of Marine (1) and Chatin (2). Spectacular results have been achieved in the prophylaxis of this type of goiter by the use of iodized salt, and in many of the former endemic areas of the world the disease has now vanished; but this public health measure was begun before the introduction of modern tools of thyroid research. No reports are available in which radioisotope techniques were used in the study of the iodine-deficient thyroid gland in man, and the same is true of modern accurate chemical methods of iodine determination. It seemed reasonable that these techniques applied to a study of the deficient human thyroid would yield information of value, because such a gland, working in precarious equilibrium with the iodine supply, might allow measurements which would permit more precise definition of thyroid dynamics than does the semidormant gland abundantly supplied with iodide. With this objective, the iodine-deficien...


As we know,problems of imperfect incentive mechanism existing in oil and gas companies,which come out of special history or current conditions,has severely affected employees ' working motivations and even caused loss of talents and decreasing of company 's overall competitiveness.According to problems existing in current incentive mechanism including insufficient incentive degree,simple and unjust incentive mode,imperfect of internal performance evaluation system and training system,combined the mainstream incentive theory,related measures on perfecting incentive system of oil and gas companies are presented.


SPA/SEMA (Simple Power/Electro-magnetic Analysis) attacks performed on public-key cryptographic modules implemented on FPGA platforms are well known from the theoretical point of view. However, the practical aspect is not often developed in the literature. But researchers know that these attacks do not always work, like in the case of an RSA accelerator. Indeed, SEMA on RSA needs to make a difference between square and multiply which use the same logic; this contrast with SEMA on ECC, which is easier since doubling and add that are two different operations from the hardware point of view. In this paper, we wonder what to do if a SEMA fails to succeed on a device. Does it mean that no attack is possible? We show that hardware demodulation techniques allow the recording of a signal with more information on the leakage than a raw recording. Then, we propose a generic and fast method enabling to find out demodulation frequencies. The effectiveness of our methods is demonstrated through actual experiments using an RSA processor on the SASEBO FPGA board. We show cases where only demodulated signals permit to defeat RSA.


The Nigerian government passed decrees in 1972 and 1977 intended to limit and regulate foreign participation in the economy. The general commitment to what came to be called indigenization was established in the Second National Development Plan in 1970, and the policy was then implemented through the Nigerian Enterprises Promotion Decrees of 1972 and 1977. They established that certain parts of the Nigerian economy would exclude foreign-owned companies while other parts would tolerate them, as long as Nigerian equity participation was increased to at least 40 percent. Indigenization was motivated by the perception that ten years of independence had not lessened the economic dominance of both Western multinational corporations and of Middle Eastern (mostly Lebanese) family companies. Nigerian businessmen complained they were discriminated against and could not access bank credit to finance their expansion, while state officials, worried that foreign companies were not reinvesting their profits in the economy, wanted to exert greater control over the economy in order to accelerate Nigeria's industrialization. The impact of the two indigenization decrees is hard to assess. They would affect well over a thousand companies, which were partly or wholly transferred either to private Nigerian business interests or to the public sector. Lebanese businesses were particularly hard hit, although the use of front men, various legal adjustments, and special exemptions helped many survive. Implementation of the decrees proved haphazard, prey to corruption and inefficiency, as "the state lacked the capacity to implement the program as its originators intended."


Building energy use estimation relies on building characteristics, its energy systems, occupants, and weather. Energy estimation of new buildings is considerably an easy task when compared to modeling existing buildings as they require calibration with actual data. Particularly, when energy estimation of existing building stock is warranted at a city-scale, the problem is exacerbated owing to lack of construction drawings and other engineering specifications. However, as collection of buildings and other infrastructure constitute cities, such predictions are a necessary component of developing and maintaining sustainable cities. This paper uses Artificial Neural Network techniques to predict electricity consumption for residential buildings situated in the City of Gainesville, Florida. With the use of 32,813 samples of data vectors that comprise of building floor area, built year, number of stories, and range of monthly energy consumption, this paper extends the prediction to environmental impact assessment of electricity usage at the urban-scale. Among others, one of the applications of the proposed model discussed in this paper is the study of urban scale Life Cycle Assessment, and other decisions related to creating sustainable cities.


In the design of renewable energy projects, a present problem is the techno-economic evaluation of them, regularly different methods and models are used to do it, in this work it is proposed to innovate in the degree of Engineering in Renewable Energies (LIER) of the UNAM in the National School of Superior Studies Juriquilla campus the way to evaluate projects using the software RETScreen. This paper presents a methodology to evaluate a wind energy project in the state of Queretaro Mexico. The project contemplates a wind turbine brand VESTAS V44 - 40m of 600 kW capacity of 40 m height in the state of Querétaro in the center of the country of Mexico. The initial costs of this wind turbine are 1,283
$/kW or 770,000 USD, with a rate of 80 $/kW. The electricity exported to the grid is 1,703 MWh and the income from electricity exports is 136,235.52 USD. With this wind turbine you can save 1,318.2 tCO2 per year or 566,414 liters of unused gasoline.


Aim: Pemphigus, life-threatening illness affects only 1-5 patients per million populations per year. Cell junctions (desmosomes) are best visualized using either conventional or freeze-fracture electron microscopy. This is the first study in itself to document cellular morphologic details in patients of pemphigus vulgaris (PV) by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) in Indian population. This study was carried out with the aim of studying the cellular morphology and changes in the cell structures in patients of PV by SEM. Materials and Methods: The study consisted of four smears each from six patients belonging to the age group of 20-45 years comprising of two males and four females diagnosed for PV. The slides were then viewed under SEM. Results: The pathologic cell showed uneven cell boundaries with irregular arrangement of ridges forming a complex pattern; also the irregular elevations of plasma membrane formed a "plaque" like appearance on the cell boundaries. Conclusion: This study has added new observations related to the cellular changes and morphology seen in patients of PV, and numerous hypotheses are also stated to correlate with the possible etiopathogenesis of PV. In future, these observations may be useful in learning the pathogenesis of the disease even in the absence of frank lesions of the disease.


In studying how activists use technology to express public dissatisfaction online, we discover that what we assumed to be human protestors were in some cases bots—automated accounts in online socia...


This year the UEG has awarded one of its most prestigious awards, the UEG Lifetime Achievement Award to Michael Manns. Michael is a gastroenterologist and current President of Hannover Medical School in Hannover, Germany. The award is bestowed on health professionals who made a profound impact on gastroenterology and dedicated time and energy to further the cause of the UEG.Well, Michael easily meets with these criteria. For starters, Professor Manns is an acclaimed scientist whose contributions truly have improved the lives of patients suffering from liver diseases. His research massively contributed to a better understandingof thediagnosis andmanagementof autoimmune hepatitis and infectious hepatitis C. He is a well published author and his papers are widely read and cited. While this clearly shows that he steers the field and moves scientific borders, his advocacy work for UEG deserve to be highlighted. After knocking twice on the doors of the UEG he won over the hearts and minds of his peers with a compelling presentation and became the president‐elect to serve as UEG's president in 2016 and 2017. ItwasMichaelwho coined the term 'Digestive Health' to encapsulate the broad variety of gastroenterological disorders in single tag line. This was a brilliant brainwave, and it really captures theUEGas anumbrella organisationwhich combines all leading European societies concerned with digestive health. UEG has since started a 'Digestive Health' Group, a platform of Members of the European Parliament that strives for prevention, treatment and better understanding of the causes of digestive diseases. But perhaps it takes a bit more than scientific achievements and taking leadership roles withing UEG to receive these accolades. I would like to delve a bit deeperwhy I believeMichael is so successful in hismany roles he has in his long career. If you want to achieve as a human being please look at MichaelManns.He is very communicative and just loves to engagewith people. He is just a warm and welcoming person who radiates energy. He effortlessly makes contacts and wins people over by his congenial attitude. As a professional he connects people and creates (scientific) networks that opens up possibilities for others in his network to blossom. Good functioning networks are the prerequisites to obtain funding which is the oxygen to continue the effort. He pushed for (the expansion) of the highly successful fellow exchange programwhich has blossomed since. One of his key traits is that he knows how to tell a story. He is a really excellent raconteur, and a master of the petite histoire.Weall knowthat stories build a connectionbut the reasonwhy he excels is that Michael shares more of himself in the story. As a chair of National Societies Committee I had the honour to give back to back speeches with him during the party of the young UEG group. This was always rowdy business in front of lively attendees and he always impressed me with the ease of his talks and the connection he created with the audience. During his presidency he was a great supporter of the UEG Journal and he has contributed many fine pieces. He also mentioned time and time again that we should go for decisive studies such as randomised clinical trials. As theEditor‐in‐Chief of the Journal I am happy to say that we receive more and more reports on clinical trials. With such a successful track record you can ask yourself does he always pick winners? Well, not so sure here. Michael is a strong supporter of Hannover 96, the premier soccer team of this university town in Germany. Hannover '96 holds an uneven record of the past decade, with all the glory of winning games but also the misery that comes with relegation. Despite the downsides that come with rooting for this team he remains a loyal fan over the years. The authenticity that comes with him, adds to the great person Michael Manns is, rightfully bestowed with the 2022 Lifetime Achievement Award.


The literature on executive leadership calls for more holistic models of the CEO tenure-organizational performance link. Guided by insights from literatures on executive leadership and entrepreneur...


Models and computer codes which may be used to describe flow reactors in which high purity, solar grade silicon is produced via reduction of gaseous silicon halides are described. A prominent example of the type of process which may be studied using the codes developed in this program is the SiCl/sub 4//Na reactor currently being developed by the Westinghouse Electric Corp. During this program two large computer codes were developed. The first is the CHEMPART code, an axisymmetric, marching code which treats two-phase flows with models describing detailed gas-phase chemical kinetics, particle formation, and particle growth. This code, based on the AeroChem LAPP (Low Altitude Plume Program) code can be used to describe flow reactors in which reactants mix, react, and form a particulate phase. Detailed radial gas-phase composition, temperature, velocity, and particle size distribution profiles are computed. Also, depositon of heat, momentum, and mass (either particulate or vapor) on reactor walls is described. The second code is a modified version of the GENMIX boundary layer code which is used to compute rates of heat, momentum, and mass transfer to the reactor walls. This code lacks the detailed chemical kinetics and particle handling features of the CHEMPART code but hasmore » the virtue of running much more rapidly than CHEMPART, while treating the phenomena occurring in the boundary layer in more detail than can be afforded using CHEMPART. These two codes have been used in this program to predict particle formation characteristics and wall collection efficiencies for SiCl/sub 4//Na flow reactors. Results are described.« less


Deep neural networks (DNNs) have gained prominence in addressing regression problems, offering versatile architectural designs that cater to various applications. In the field of earthquake engineering, seismic response prediction is a critical area of study. Simplified models such as single-degree-of-freedom (SDOF) and multi-degree-of-freedom (MDOF) systems have traditionally provided valuable insights into structural behavior, known for their computational efficiency facilitating faster simulations. However, these models have notable limitations in capturing the nuanced nonlinear behavior of structures and the spatial variability of ground motions. This study focuses on leveraging ambient vibration (AV) measurements of buildings, combined with earthquake (EQ) time-history data, to create a predictive model using a neural network (NN) in image format. The primary objective is to predict a specific building's earthquake response accurately. The training dataset consists of 1197 MDOF 2D shear models, generating a total of 32,319 training samples. To evaluate the performance of the proposed model, termed MLPER (machine learning-based prediction of building structures' earthquake response), several metrics are employed. These include the mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) and the mean deviation angle (MDA) for comparisons in the time domain. Additionally, we assess magnitude-squared coherence values and phase differences (Δφ) for comparisons in the frequency domain. This study underscores the potential of the MLPER as a reliable tool for predicting building earthquake responses, addressing the limitations of simplified models. By integrating AV measurements and EQ time-history data into a neural network framework, the MLPER offers a promising avenue for enhancing our understanding of structural behavior during seismic events, ultimately contributing to improved earthquake resilience in building design and engineering.


Let G be a compact connected Lie group. We prove that the Fourier algebra A(G) is weakly amenable if and only if G is abelian.


Has the relationship between the labor market and the aggregate economy been so unusual during and after the Great Recession? To answer that question, we examine conditions in 11 different recessions and the ensuing recoveries since the late 1940s.


Australian organisations are affected, regardless of their will, by technical, economic, political and social challenges. The impact of these challenges is reflected in the increasing number of Australian organisations entering into insolvency appointments: 11,758 (2005), 12,486 (2006), 12,018 (2006), 14,173 (2007), and 14,580 (2009) (ASIC 2010). As a result, organisations from all industries are in constant search for potential mechanisms to assist in their survival. This situation may be why process improvement has been the number one CIO priority in 2006-2009, and why it is expected to still be one of the top priorities by 2012 (Gartner 2009) Business Process Improvement (BPI) is an area that is applicable to all organisations regardless of their size, structure, geographical location, and industry. This research aims to investigate means to achieve higher levels of business process improvement (HLOI) in large, for-profit, Australian organisations. Starting from organisational theories, this research proposes a ten-factor a priori model. Stakeholder Theory, Social Network Analysis, and Organisational Capabilities Theory are primarily used as bases for this research. Two main proposed antecedents of HLOI are explained: aligning the key stakeholders' requirements, and obtaining specific BPI-based organisational capabilities. This study relies on a combination of qualitative and quantitative research methods, including: a preliminary literature review, 3 existing BPI case studies conducted at another tertiary institution, involving 6 people in a pilot case study and 11 in two main case studies, reviewing 992 papers from the elite IS Basket of 6 journals, involving 12 judges in an expert study, 25 respondents in a pilot survey, and obtaining 144 valid responses in a national survey involving all industries. Results demonstrate that traditionally promoted factors such as Effective Communication, Continuous Top Management Support and Resources Availability have little effect on directly increasing the levels of improvement. Practitioners are seeking to continuously achieve more with less. Aligning key stakeholders' project-related requirements, improving key stakeholders' levels of centrality, and creating organisation-specific BPI organisational capabilities were found to have roles in the achievement of HLOI. The implications of the research's findings can be of value to current practitioners. For instance, finding that centrality is more important than effective communication may suggest that using web-based social network tools such as Facebook by key stakeholders can play a role in improving the level of connectedness and subsequently achieving HLOI. Also knowing that organisational capabilities, and not resources availability, play a significant role in the achievement of HLOI may guide organisations in better utilising their resources in the short-run to develop and nourish BPI capabilities in the long-run. Future research will investigate these findings in other settings.


In one or more aspects, methods and apparatus presented herein consider the corresponding uplink resource allocation time allocated ARQ-signal power. In particular, in at least one embodiment, the larger the assigned user equipment (UE) relates to uplink resources corresponding to the transmitted acknowledgment ( "ack") allocate more power signal. For example context of an LTE network, eNodeB "improve" its ack for the UE transmitting an acknowledgment signal power associated with the larger uplink bandwidth allocation. Additionally or alternatively, at least to those associated with the transfer ack resource allocation using greater, arranged so that the UE ARQ estimating bias signal to bias its ack / nack decision to favor the ack decision.


ˆ S σ was found from the residuals of the fit, while the true covariances of the AIF, S0 and T10 were used. The proposed method was also tested on real data, acquired with the same imaging settings as in the simulation. The variances of S0 and T10 were found from 20 baseline images and the standard error from the calculation of T10. The covariance of the AIF was extracted from 10 measured AIFs. Results Figure 1 shows the results of the Monte Carlo simulation and the uncertainty estimation. The agree- ment was in general good but at high noise levels deviations are apparent especially for noise in the baseline signal (b) and in the baseline T10 value (c). Furthermore, the precision tended to deteriorate at high noise levels. Figure 2 (a) and (b) show a K trans map and a map of the standard deviation in K trans , respectively. In Figure 2 (c) and (d), the CVs of K trans , ve, and vp in the two pixels indicated in (a) are displayed. Discussion and conclusions The Monte Carlo simulations indicate that Eq. (2) accurately predicts the CV of the estimated parameters at moderate noise levels also for complicated sources of uncertainty such as the AIF. That Eq. (2) is limited to moderate noise was expected from the linear approximation. The example on real data shown in Figure 2 demonstrates that spatially resolved maps of uncertainty subdivided by origin are feasible in vivo.


Epidermolysis bullosa acquisita (EBA) is a rare, subepidermal blistering disease affecting the skin and mucous membranes that often remains refractory to standard immunosuppressive therapy. We present three original cases and a review of the literature of 20 cases of refractory EBA treated with rituximab as monotherapy or in combination with other agents. Complete control (with or without therapy) and remission were seen in 56% of patients treated with rituximab monotherapy and 75% of patients treated with rituximab and immunoadsorption (IA). We conclude EBA refractory to standard immunosuppressive therapy may show a more favorable long‐term response to the addition of rituximab; and rituximab in combination with intravenous immunoglobulin or IA may provide utility in terminating acute disease. Additional data are needed to evaluate the safety and long‐term outcomes of rituximab‐based treatment.


This dissertation was developed within the IntegratedMaster's inMechanical Engineering syllabus in the Thermal Energy branch of the same course, regarding the 5th grade discipline Dissertation, taught at the Faculty of Engineering of University of Porto (FEUP), in partnership with Efacec. The work was developed in the Power Transformers Research and Development (R&D) department, within the Thermal and Fluids team. During the normal functioning of a power transformer, power is lost and converted into heat. These losses, in turn, lead to an increase in temperature that deteriorates components and reduces the equipment's lifespan. A transformer contains different components that generate heat, from which windings, magnetic circuit, magnetic shunts, cables, bushings, tank and core plates are the most important. Core plates are integral components of the tightening structure of the magnetic circuit. The main objective of this work was to numerically investigate the thermal behaviour of core plates. Computational fluid dynamics simulations were performed using Ansys Fluent software. A decision was made to conduct the simulation in Ansys Fluent while considering the potential effects of turbulent flow, by enabling the κ− ε turbulence model. The reasoning for this choice is that the flow at the outlet zones isn't strictly laminar, with Reynolds values of ≈ 2800. However, since the main area of interest and where the heat transfer phenomenon occurs is within the core plate's channel, where Re = 46.35, there's a need to redo the simulation without considering the effects or turbulence. An experimental and real scale 15MVA core-type three-phase power transformer has been built to perform R&D activities. Despite the studied power transformer being classified as oil directed (OD), having forced and directed circulation through cooling equipment, the oil within the magnetic core's channel where core plates are placed is moved by buoyancy forces. This channel behaviour is closer to classified oil natural (ON) transformers. The obtained oil flow rate in the core plate channel was 0.097Kg/s at 7.5mm/s, from the total inlet flow rate of 1.871Kg/s. The obtained average heat transfer coefficient, havg, was 62.77W/m2K. This result is coherent with literature, which suggests roughly h = 70W/m2K for similar cases. Experimental data ranging from 59− 66oC was provided from heat test runs, for the same conditions as the numerical model. The obtained hotspot temperature from the computational fluid dynamics simulation was above those results, at 110.4oC. A 50mm deviation in sensor placement compared with the hotspot could cause a temperature drop of 10oC, which could explain part of the difference.


ABSTRACT In this study, using GIS in the center of the city of Isparta province of Mimar Sinan Street Located along the road line and the organizations carrying out commercial activities of the verbal and numerical data was created using the Web-based Adress Information system (AIS). Intergraph company that has produced a web-based map visualization and analysis software architectures using Geomedia WepMap data bases of the study area is presented to users via the Internet.


(1982) The meaning and use of the area under a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Synonyms Simulated evolution Definition Artificial evolution refers to any procedure that uses the mechanism of Darwinian evolution to generate a product. While this definition encompasses the evolution of organic life forms by means of artificial selection (breeding of animals, plants, or microorganisms), artificial evolution commonly refers to the instantiation of evolution within a nonbiological medium. Artificial evolution is sometimes used synonymously with ▶ artificial life, but in principle the concepts are overlapping but different. Characteristics In Computer Science Within computer science, artificial evolution is commonly implemented in terms of an evolutionary or genetic algorithm (▶ Genetic Algorithms, ▶ Evolution Programming) (GA). A GA is a search procedure that implements the three essential elements of Darwinian evolution-replication, mutation, and selection. Typically , the procedure acts on a population of candidate solutions, which are scored according to a fitness criterion and selected to be replicated according to a formula that takes the fitness score into account (see Fig. 1). This formula may be as simple as selecting a percentage of the highest fitness individuals (elite selection) or be a probability that is proportional to fitness (roulette wheel selection) or a mixture of those. The fitness function is usually determined by the user so that the maximum of that function is achieved for the optimal solution. In cases where it is not known which function is maximized by the optimal solution to a problem, the construction of an appropriate fitness function can be a difficult research problem. After being selected for replication, individuals are mutated and recombined with a given rate to create new candidate solutions that have inherited the features of their parents but potentially carry new features not previously present in the population. Typically, GAs use a variety of mutation mechanisms to create variation. Evolutionary algorithms are alternatives to more traditional random or heuristic search algorithms and work best in large search spaces where the best solution consists of partial solutions that are also fit. In Engineering Artificial evolution can be used to solve engineering problems by applying evolutionary computation techniques to hardware rather than software. For example, it is possible to design electronic circuits in reconfigurable hardware (Thompson 1996) that have novel properties that exploit the material properties of the substrate. In another example of unconventional computing (▶ Unconventional Computation), a team Artificial Evolution 39 …


Edible cactus is considered to have a promising commercial application in the food industry due to its nutritive composition and its drought resistant nature. However, knowledge on the nutritive composition of edible cactus varieties and their distribution in Kenya is still limited. This study sought to prospect for edible cactus varieties in Kenya and determine their physicochemical characteristics in order to unlock their industrial potential. Structured questionnaires based on Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO) cactus plant descriptors were used to identify and differentiate edible from non-edible cactus varieties from four Kenyan Arid and Semi-Arid lands (ASALs) counties (Machakos, Baringo, Makueni and Laikipia). The yields, morphological and physicochemical parameters of the fruits were determined. Three edible cactus varieties were identified namely: Opuntia ficus-indica (purple), Opuntia monacantha (green) and Opuntia megacantha (yellow). The purple variety had the highest yields (> 11kg/ m). At the mature ripe stage, the juice recovery rate for the purple and yellow varieties was above 50%. All the samples were a rich source of crude fiber (1.41-1.71g/ 100g), Calcium (295.56-342.42 g/100g), and Zinc (2.30-2.39g/100g). The sugar content was predominantly glucose (1.264.59 g/100g) and fructose (1.45-2.66/100g). The fruits exhibited substantial amount of total phenolics (1.79-2.52g/100g G.A.E.) and high antioxidant activity (0.59-1.83 mg/ml). Generally, the yellow variety was most nutritious, had highest sugar and phytochemical content. This shows the potential of the fruits to be used either in isolation or with other food ingredients in the food industry.


Aim To investigate the pharmacokinetic characteristics of schizonepetin and its bioavailability in rats.Methods An HPLC method was established to analyze the plasma concentration of schizonepetin with different intragastric and intravenous administration doses to rats.Pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated by noncompartmental model in Kinetica 4.4.Results The Cmax and AUC0-∞ showed non-linearrelation after intragastric administration of 47.87,23.94 and 11.97 mg·kg-1.The Cmax and AUC0-∞ after intravenous administration of 11.97 mg·kg-1 were 6.5 mg·L-1 and 18 mg·h·L-1.And the absolute bioavailability was 69.1 %.Conclusion This method for the pharmacokinetic and absolute bioavailability study of schizonepetin in rats is simple,rapid and accurate.


A previously well 13-year-old boy presented with a 5-day history of classic diabetic symptoms; he was extremely dehydrated (his blood pressure could not be obtained) and responded only to painful stimuli. An intravenous infusion of 0.9% sodium chloride, 2 1/h, was started immediately. Subsequently the serum concentrations were as follows: glucose 49 mmol/l (888 mg/dl), sodium 130 mmol/l, potassium 4.5 mmol/l, chloride 90 mmol/l, bicarbonate 6.8 mmol/I, phosphorus 2.0 mmol/l (6.2 mg,1 dl) and urea 21.4 mmol/l (urea nitrogen 60 mg/dl). The arterial blood pH was 7.001, the partial pressure of carbon dioxide 13.4 mm Hg, the partial pressure of oxygen' 159 mm Hg and the serum bicarbonate level 3.1 mmol/l. Testing with Diastix and Acetest respectively showed that the urine contained glucose and ketones. Within 1 hour of presentation 10 U of regular insulin and 100 mmol of sodium bicarbonate were given by intravenous bolus. Potassium chloride, 40 mmol/l, was added to


Stable and synchronized reference pulses are generated from a time-lens source, triggered by noise-like pulses in a mode-locked fiber laser. This represents an essential step towards single-shot measurement of temporal details inside the noise-like pulses.


Wavelength tunable lasers operating at NIR wavelength is demonstrated by incorporating polymer waveguide Bragg reflectors. The external feedback laser Bragg grating exhibits single mode lasing. The wavelength tuning over 21 nm is demonstrated.


Purpose: To evaluate diagnostic accuracy of ultrasound findings in the diagnosis and discrimination of endometriomas from other adnexal masses. Materials and methods: Ultrasound examination of 120 adnexal masses in 98 women was done and findings were recorded on a check list. Philips HDI 5000 and I21 ultrasound machines were used. Diagnostic features which can discriminate endometriomas from other pelvic masses were reviewed. Results: There were 30 endometriomas. Diffuse low-level internal echoes were present in 29 (97%) of endometriomas and in 5 (17%) nonendometriomas.. The presence of multilocularity or hyperechoic wall foci further increased the positive likelihood ratio to 35, allowing the identification of 15 endometriomas (50%). Conclusion: ultrasound features of diffuse low level echoes, echogenic wall and multilocularity has a high positive predict value in the diagnosis of endometrioma and helping it in discrimination from other pelvic masses. Endometriomas exhibits wide range of ultrasound features, ranging from anechoic to echogenic cysts to masses containing multiple septations and solid tissue.


We present a new model for surface roughness (SR) scattering in n-type multi-gate FETs (MuGFETs) and gate-all-around nanowire FETs with fairly arbitrary cross-sections, its implementation in a complete device simulator, and the validation against experimental electron mobility data. The model describes the SR scattering matrix elements as non-linear transformations of interface fluctuations, which strongly influences the root mean square value of the roughness required to reproduce experimental mobility data. Mobility simulations are performed via the deterministic solution of the Boltzmann transport equation for a 1D-electron gas and including the most relevant scattering mechanisms for electronic transport, such as acoustic, polar, and non-polar optical phonon scattering, Coulomb scattering, and SR scattering. Simulation results show the importance of accounting for arbitrary cross-sections and biasing conditions when compared to experimental data. We also discuss how mobility is affected by the shape o...


The paper considers  the initial stage of organization and development of the first State control organ of the independent Belarus – Control Chamber of the Republic of Belarus on the basis of scientific grounds of control theory of economic systems. Scientific and methodologically considered organizational and coordination approaches to the activity of the Control Chamber have promoted to  higher intensity and efficiency of financial and economic control in the initial period of the activity of new control organ and  the activity of all control organs of the Republic has taken systemized and perfectly oriented character. Such approaches have made it possible to stabilize macro-economic situation in the Republic and strengthen its economic security. The Control Chamber through highly-qualified personal, created and practically introduced methodological principles of control activity, international cooperation experience and finally high efficiency of practical control activity has made its historical contribution in formation of fundamentals of  the State Control in Belarus. 13th of March 1992 is the day when the Law "About Control Chamber of the Republic of Belarus" has been enacted by the Supreme Council of the Republic of Belarus and this day is to considered as the Day of State Control foundation in the Republic of Belarus.


The main terminology used to describe heart failure (HF) is based on the measurement of the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), and current guidelines divide patients into three subgroups: heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) if LVEF > 50%, heart failure with mid-range ejection fraction (HFmrEF) if LVEF is between 40% and 49% and heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) if LVEF is < 40% [1]. LVEF has been the main selection criteria for most clinical trials during the past three decades, however, improved morbidity and mortality rates have only been shown in patients with HFrEF. On the contrary, despite a long history of clinical trials on HFpEF, there has been no proof of any single drug which improves survival rates in this subset of patients. There is a common understanding that this lack of success could be linked to the fact that HFpEF is comprised of a wide variety of unrelated pathologies. In this issue of 'Cardiology Journal', Junbo Ge proposes a new classification for HFpEF into five categories based on their etiology and pathophysiology: 1) vascular related HFpEF, 2) cardiomyopathy-related HFpEF, 3) right-heart and pulmonaryrelated HFpEF, 4) valvular and rhythm related HFpEF, and 5) extracardiac-disease related HFpEF [2]. This new categorization could potentially allow more targeted clinical trials, and hopefully achieve some benefit in certain subgroups. However, the main problem may not be HFpEF itself, but by the way HF is diagnosed and classified. The concept of LVEF, which is defined by dividing the stroke volume by the end-diastolic volume, was developed in the 1960s [3], and has become a cornerstone in cardiology since then. Nonetheless, HF patients, disease phenotypes and technology have evolved significantly since then, and nowadays the information provided by the LVEF is inadequate or insufficient in many situations. There are various setbacks to two-dimensional echocardiography measured LVEF [4]. First and foremost, there is a 10% of interobserver variability [5], which may lead to the same patient falling into different categories depending on the echocardiographer who reads the study, and it varies depending on the imaging method used and on the cut-planes. Secondly, it is widely influenced by geometry, which is particularly important in ischemic cardiomyopathy, and by ventricular loading, especially afterload. Moreover, it does not take into account the complexity of myocardial mechanics or the speed of contraction, and its assessment in patients with mechanical dyssynchrony, which INTERVENTIONAL CARDIOLOGY


Editor We read the paper by Tsilimigras et al1 with interest. In this elegant, multicenter study including 1,053 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) undergoing surgical resection, authors demonstrate that tumour burden score (TBS) is correlated with cancer stage as a marker of tumour burden. Although their findings are interesting, some concerns may deserve further discussion. We have alternatively proposed another useful marker, total tumour volume (TTV), to represent tumour burden specifically for HCC by using the following mathematical equation: Tumour volume (cm3) = 4/3 x 3⋅14 x (maximum radius of the tumour nodule in cm)3 TTV is the sum of the tumour volumes of every nodule: TTV (cm3) = Tumour volume of (tumour nodule 1 + tumour nodule 2 + ... ... + tumour nodule N) Our data showed that TTV, as a continuous variable, is a feasible prognostic marker for patients with HCC undergoing locoregional therapy2,3. In addition, its association with α-fetoprotein can be used to predict post-operative tumour recurrence of HCC4. Moreover, TTVbased cancer staging system was shown to have a better prognostic accuracy for HCC from early to late stages5. The reason for its excellent predictive power is because TTV is highly linked with aggressive tumour behavior including vascular invasion, metastasis, liver dysfunction and performance status. All these features make TTV an authentic candidate to represent tumour burden for HCC. Therefore, although TBS may appear as a surrogate marker for surgical HCC, a more in-depth evaluation of TBS for HCC patients undergoing different treatments and a direct comparison with TTV are urgently required to consolidate their application in clinical practice. Further studies from international cohorts are needed to address this issue.


Space robotic relative navigation is one of the key technologies for on-orbital tracking and approaching. It can supplies the relative position and attitude information of target spacecraft. In this paper, a relative navigation scheme for the final approach phase was proposed, with the target spacecraft information measured by optical sensor. Firstly, we designed a linear Kalman filter which is used to relative navigation with constant gain, combining the relative motion dynamics (between two spacecrafts) with the measure principle of optimal sensor. The second, the relative navigation algorithm was improved by the coordinate transformation and the devices calibration, So the effects on the accuracy resulting from the attitude bias of spacecraft and the mounted errors of the optical sensors were largely reduced. Then, the dynamic performance of the filter was theoretically analyzed according to the positions of its poles. At last, a hardware-in-loop test-bed was introduced, on which the navigation algorithm was evaluated. The experiment results verified the developed scheme.


The world is at present passing through an epidemiological transition with the rate of growth of elderly population exceeding the general population. By the year 2001, India will have the second highest population of elderly in the world with an absolute number of 76 million. The state with highest proportion of elderly in India is Kerala where the elderly constitute approximately 9.79 per cent of total population. Industrialization and urbanization together with the migration of the younger generation abroad has severe impact on the Indian society, with the care of the aged having emerged as a pressing social problem. To an extent, old age homes have filled this need. Kerala has the largest number of homes for the aged. A sharp contrast of environments was perceived to be existing in two types of institutional settings - those with free facilities, which are government aided and those having pay and stay facilities run by private undertakers. The study was an attempt to compare nutritional status of inmates of these two kinds of institutions.


Objective To study the relationship between the expressions of Cyclin D1, p16 and p21 and intrinsic drug resistance in liver cancer. Methods Immunohistochemistry was employed to detect the expressions of Cyclin D1, p16 and p21 in 128 liver tumors assembled in tissue microarrays. All these patients had not been treated with chemotherepy before operation. Among these cases, 30 fresh liver tumors were examined by MTT assay to evaluate chemosensitivitis. Results After 30 cases of liver tumors examined by MTT assay, the positive expression rates of Cyclin D1, p16 and p21 in tumors between resistant group (16 cases) and sensitive group (14 cases) were found with no significant differences (P>0.05). In the rest 98 cases, the positive expression rate of Cyclin D1 in tumors between P-gp strong-positive-stained group and non-strong-positive-stained group was significantly different (P<0.05), but the expression of p16 and p21 in two groups had no differences (P>0.05). Conclusion Cyclin D1 is a predictive marker of intrinsic drug resistance of liver cancers. P16 and p21 can not predict intrinsic drug resistance in liver cancers and more studies are required to investigate their relationship.


We consider the dynamics of a harmonic crystal in d dimensions withn components,d,n arbitrary,d,n>1, and study the distribution m t of the solution at time tPR. The initial measurem0 has a translation-invariant correlation matrix, zero mean, and finite mean energy density. It also satisfies a Rosenblatt—resp. Ibragimov–Linnik type mixing condition. The main result is the convergence of m t to a Gaussian measure as t→`. The proof is based on the long time asymptotics of the Green's function and on Bernstein's ''room-corridors'' method. © 2003 American Institute of Physics.@DOI: 10.1063/1.1571658 #


Conventional international relation (IR) paradigms do not adequately address concerns and needs of the contemporary era. There is overemphasis on structures while the individual is left to her/his own devices. Islamic mysticism, however, without claiming any social or political doctrine, concentrates on the individual.

Systematic approaches tend to describe and prescribe in terms of structures: realism uses the state as the unit of analysis while liberalism heeds the role of the people and international institutions; neorealism focuses on the international system, and Marxism concentrates on the class and the dictatorship of the proletariat. However, as no system is perfect in itself, individuals can and do cheat them. Therefore, alongside structures, we must have citizens willing to abide by the rules of the system. "History is an intricate network formed by all the things that happen to individuals and all the things that individuals do" (Butterfield 2005).

We live in a state-centric system, where the self-serving trait of the state is the fundamental ethos of international life. Rationality is believed to energize this self-enhancing quality in the state. The interchangeability of rationality with reason, in the English-language literature in IR, however, can be misleading. The two, while overlapping in many instances, can have conflicting connotations. Reason (interestingly described by Hobbes as "the undoubted word of God" and "the soul of the law") is a more holistic term that accommodates fairness and implies a degree of justice, whereas rationality is detached from those qualities and is preoccupied with self-interest. Their interchangeable use, therefore, has the corollary of christening …


Pollution Control and Resource Recovery: Municipal Solid Wastes Incineration: Bottom Ash and Fly Ash explains the tools and technologies needed to characterize, stabilize, treat, recycle, or properly dispose bottom and fly ash. The public concern for the environmental impact of MSW incineration has increased significantly over the last 20 years, forcing manufacturers to develop, and plants to install and operate, high-cost advanced technology for pollution control. This book explores the latest information on this important topic. Includes methods for characterization, stabilization, and solidification, treatment, and final disposal and recycling of bottom ash and fly ashProvides the characterization of bottom ash and fly ash, the impact of moisture on the incineration process of municipal solid waste, and the weathering process of bottom ash in a landfillPresents a brief, but rigorous, discussion of the constituents of fly and bottom ash, including polynuclear aromatic compounds and heavy metals


The integral time process of tradition image sensor is quite troublesome,to realize the integral time online regulation,a image sensor system can be able to online regulate the integral time through SPI is designed.In the system,integrated the drive circuit of image sensor and the regulation circuit of integral time on a piece of CPLD,the single chip microcomputer exchange data with the CPLD through SPI synchronous serial ports.The simulation result indicate that this system can realize the integral time online regulation.


This study aims to construct an interaction model among traffic characteristics, physics of road, and road environment, and the effect implications on noise level. The study was conducted on arterial and collector roads becoming the main line of traffic movement in Kendari city. Analytical approach used descriptive method and simultaneous equation system based on Partial Least Square (PLS). The results show that the traffic noise level has exceeded the threshold in accordance with designation of settlement environment as well as trade and services, in which the average noise level at the side of arterial and collector roads is 75.5 dB and 73.4 dB. Simultaneously, traffic characteristics, physical and environmental aspects of road have effects on noise with the determination coefficient (R²) 0.628. Traffic and road environment factors are significant direct effect on noise level. While the physical of road does not have significant direct effect. In this case, physical of road is more as a intervention factor triggering noisy through its effect on changes in traffic characteristics.


The discussion replaces the traditional extractors such as the tap funnel,reaction vessel and extraction tower with the stagewise type extractors for instance,mixer-settler and tube type centrifugal extractors.


Our group has been working on a report for the Spanish Society of Software Engineering and Software Development Technologies (SISTEDES) to provide a general overview of the Spanish scientific production and its contributions worldwide in the field of Software Engineering. Although a Database solution could have been used, we decided to employ Model-Driven Development (MDD) techniques in order to evaluate their applicability, suitability and fitness for these kinds of purposes, and to learn from the experience in this domain, which combines data integration, large scale models, and complex queries.


A new one-pot synthetic route to a range of potential anticancer carbamo(dithioperoxo)thioates in high yields from commercially available starting materials is described.


The incidence of termite mounds was determined in twenty-six sites in the Trachypogon savannas at the Orinoco Llanos, including a wide range of physionomic types. A multiple discriminate analysis was utilized to analyze ecological variables as the best indicators of a given area's suitability for support of terrestrial Velocitermes and/or Nasutitermes species. The variables included physical attributes (texture, ineffective soil mass, water holding capacity, and infiltration rate), chemical attributes (cation exchange capacity, base saturation, and organic matter content), soil characteristics, and the above-ground phytomass accumulated at each stand. Results indicated that soil physical variables determining water balance during critical dry periods were of paramount value for the successful establishment of mound-building nasute termites in Trachypogon savannas.


The 1:1 AgCN–cyclohexyldiphenylphosphine adduct was synthesized to explore the structural possibilities of C- or N-atom coordination available to the cyanide ligand in the presence of cyclohexyldiphenylphosphine (PCyPh2), which would exert a steric influence intermediate between PCy3 and PPh3. The title compound, {[Ag2(CN)2(C16H21P)2]·CH2Cl2}n, is an inorganic polymer with monomeric units consisting of a linear bis(cyano)silver complex (formally a −1 anion) coordinated via the C atoms alternating with a tetrahedral silver complex having two phosphine ligands (formally a +1 cation). The tetrahedral coordination of the bis(phosphine)silver fragment is completed by dative bonds through the N-atom lone pairs of two bis(cyano)silver fragments. For each disilver monomeric unit, one molecule of dichloromethane solvent is found, disordered over two positions with relative occupancies 0.88:0.12. The polymer is propagated by a twofold screw causing each polymer strand to be chiral. Crystallization in a noncentrosymmetric space group implies spontaneous resolution from the solution, which could be achiral if the solvated species is different from the solid state or racemic if the polymers persist in solution. Even at a twofold excess of the phosphine, only the 1:1 polymer is observed, suggesting that the PCyPh2 ligand has a structural behaviour more like PPh3 than PCy3.


So far, we have pursued only convenient and efficient growth of economy, as a result, environment surrounding us has been destroyed and the rights of our existence gotten to be even threatened. We need to ensure our lives and at the same time, need a power with which agriculture undertakes global circulation structure and a power that is able to preserve our environment we live per se. Therefore, in the near future, the final objectives of agriculture structure for 21st century would be to increase productivity of highly developed agricultural products in accordance with the ecosystem and a recycling agriculture. What is a recycling agriculture? In the narrow sense, it means provisions-producing- system related to interactive recycle of material among forestry, livestock husbandry and seeding agriculture. In the broad sense, it means to produce credible agricultural product by keeping balanced resources via conversion to complete degradable material of organic wastes produced within rural village. Based on this concept, finally, our goal is to construct the resources recycling community. Environment friendly agriculture ⇒ organic agriculture ⇒ recycling (circulation) agriculture ⇒ construction of community with resources recycling. Therefore, in order to construct recycling agriculture, most of all, it is considered that the following, it should be established reasonable standard amounts for fertilizer, manure and liquid fertilizer based on results of soil test by each region, nature-recycling form of crops production and livestock production systems by maximizing utilization of different recycling byproducts occurring in the crop producing process by each region.


Related Articles Influence of the modified Becke-Johnson exchange potential on thermoelectric properties: Application to Mg2Si J. Chem. Phys. 135, 234702 (2011) A study of the impact of dislocations on the thermoelectric properties of quantum wells in the Si/SiGe materials system J. Appl. Phys. 110, 114508 (2011) Colossal tuning of an energy gap in Sn2P2S6 under pressure Appl. Phys. Lett. 99, 212104 (2011) Temperature dependence of current transport in Al/Al2O3 nanocomposite thin films J. Appl. Phys. 110, 096108 (2011) Enhancement of thermal conductivity upon application of magnetic field to Fe3O4 nanofluids J. Appl. Phys. 110, 093917 (2011)


Aims Interactive effects of elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration (CO2) and nitrogen (N) deposition on terrestrial ecosystems play an important role in global carbon cycling. Ecosystems in subtropical and tropical areas occupy a large percent of the global biomass, but few studies have been done in these areas. Therefore, our objective was to conduct an experiment to improve our understand- ing of atmospheric (CO2) enrichment and N deposition effects on biomass accumulation and allocation in subtropical and tropical forests. Methods A model forest ecosystem was constructed of five tree species native to South China: Schima superba, Castanopsis hystrix, Ormosia pinnata, Acmena acuminatissima and Syzygium hancei. The species were exposed to a factorial combination of elevated CO2 and high N deposition in open-top chambers beginning March 2005. There are four experimental treatments, including CN (elevated (CO2) of (700±20) μmol⋅mol -1 and high N of 100 kg N⋅hm -2 ⋅a -1 ), C+ (elevated (CO2) of (700±20) μmol⋅mol -1 and ambient N), N+ (ambient (CO2) and high N of 100 kg N⋅hm -2 ⋅a -1 ) and CK (ambient (CO2) and am-


Green marketing is the need of the environment due to limited resources and the growing population of the economy. This research paper discusses the best practices adopted by corporate in green marketing and the care taken by the companies towards the environment. There are multiple challenges addressed by way of environment in this paper and the problems faced by the society in general due to environmental hazards. MNCs are contributing in multiple ways through their structured growth and green marketing strategies. Many organizations want to turn green and increasing number of consumers wants to associate itself with environment-friendly products. Governmental policies and regulations related to environmental marketing have been critically studied and addressed in this paper.


Abstract People experiencing homelessness (PEH) are at increased risk for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection. This study assessed COVID-19 vaccination coverage among vaccine-eligible PEH (5 years and older) stratified by demographic characteristics. PEH were less likely to complete a primary vaccination series than the Dane County population (32.0%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 30.3%–33.8% vs 82.4%; 95% CI, 82.3%–82.5%) and were less likely to have received a booster when eligible (30.8%; 95% CI, 27.8%–33.9% vs 67.2%; 95% CI, 67.1%–67.4%). Vaccination rates were lowest among young PEH and PEH of color.


Although prior research has demonstrated that adaptability is a small to moderate predictor of job performance, more research is needed demonstrating how this construct might predict performance tr...


Retail stores are increasingly competing on developing customer experience through improving the retail environment. In order to develop emotional bonds with brands, retailers have turned their attention to develop customer experience. Regardless of the importance of the physical environment, very few customer behaviour researches have been performed to test some of the basic relationships between the physical environment and Mehrabian and Russell"s (1974) environmental psychology model. This research has attempted to enhance existing knowledge in the field of customer experience in retail stores and identify the impact of store atmospherics on consumers" emotions and purchasing behaviour. Concern about the retail shopping experience is affected by functional and emotional factors leading to a specific customers" approach behaviour. A multiple-item scale has been developed to measure the overall conceptual framework of store at mospherics in retail store settings. The researchers adopted a quantitateve approach using a conclusive research where non-probability sampling was used. The questionnaire was the primary method of collecting data. It included surveying people living in Egypt (Alexandria and Cairo) and in United Arab of Emirates (UAE) (Abu Dhabi and Dubai) about their retail shopping experiences. In total, 408 useable surveys were collected from Egypt and 404 from UAE. Results provide insights to retailers about the effect of functional and emotional factors on consumers" feelings of pleasure and arousal, which in turn affect consumers" approach behavioural intentions. They indicated that there is a significant impact of customer pleasure and arousal on customer"s approach behavioural intentions to purchase in retail stores in both Egypt,


Adults with no known immunity to sporozoites received, i.m., at weeks 0 and 8 two single 200 micrograms doses of a peptide Plasmodium falciparum sporozoite vaccine conjugated to tetanus toxoid ((NANP)3-TT) plus placebo (group 1) or interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha) (group 2) and were followed for antibody responses at weeks 4, 12 and 40. Peak antibody responses were observed at week 12. At week 40, a greater than or equal to 4-fold increase in antibody titre to sporozoites in IFA, or to (NANP)50 in ELISA was still detectable in 6 of 12 (50%) volunteers in group 1 and in 16 of 25 (64%) in group 2. Peak antibody titres in IFA and ELISA decreased with a rate of 0.8% and 0.5% per week, respectively.


Abstract Adsorption of Fe(C104)3(H20)g onto chromatographic grade silica gel in the presence of ethyl acetate (to be used for trans-esterification) produces a supported reagent, Fe(C10,4)3(EtOAc)6/Si02-This reagent, has been found effective for the rapid and high yield of esters via trans-esterification on grinding in the presence of alcohols/carboxylic acids using pestle and mortar in the solid state.


The aviation electromechanical equipment maintenance major is one of the major initiatives of the "made in China 2025" campaign. The cooperation between enterprises and vocational university is a key step in promoting the development of aviation electromechanical equipment maintenance major. We used SWOT analysis to analyze and identify the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of these programs. Our SWOT analysis provides an analytical framework for these partnership programs and our findings will be useful for vocational university and private enterprises that are entering in such partnership and promoting the integration of enterprises and educational institutions. Keywords—SWOT; Aviation electromechanical equipment maintenance major; Integration of production and education; Professional training


With the complexity and change of business scenarios, compared to traditional databases that can only process a single type of data, multimodal databases that can store and process multiple types of data at the same time are increasingly favored by various business platforms. Therefore, it is very important to build a multimodal database benchmark test for evaluation, and the multimodal benchmark test in recent years has higher performance requirements for a single-machine environment. Therefore, this paper proposes a distributed architecture database benchmark to reduce the requirements for single-machine performance while making reasonable evaluations of multimodal databases. This article uses the social business scenario as a simulation scenario to build a multimodal data model that includes relational, graph, key-value, JSON and XML data and uses MapReduce to optimize the data generation algorithm. Finally, we conducted a data import test on a recent common multimodal database to show the usability of the benchmark.


Background: Previous studies had documented a causal relationship between diabetes mellitus (DM) and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) through hyperinsulinaemia and increased serum levels of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1). These growth factors contribute to prostatic enlargement and may cause lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) and increase symptom severity in BPH patients. This study was aimed at associating DM with clinical parameters of BPH. Materials and Method: This was a retrospective study of one hundred and sixteen (116) BPH patients carried out over a year period. Their clinical, laboratory and imaging study results were retrieved from their case files. Eligible patients were taken through a structured questionnaire during their clinic visits. This questionnaire assesses severity of LUTS in BPH patients called the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) and quality of life scale. All data were entered into a structured proforma and analyzed using the statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 20.0 software. Diabetic patients were selected based on the clinical history of diabetes mellitus (DM). Results: One hundred and Sixteen (116) patients aged between 43 and 82 years with a mean age of 63.10±8.89 years were studied. Diabetic patients were older than non-diabetics. They also had higher clinical parameters of BPH namely; higher prostate volume (PV), higher symptom scores both voiding and storage and a poorer quality of life from symptom-bother. Conclusion: Diabetic men have higher prostate volume which can precipitate LUTS, cause BPH progression and symptom severity.


Title Passing into the Darkness : Sexuality, Race, and Integration of the Segregated in the Works of the Southern Renaissance [an abstract of dissertation and a summary of dissertation review] Author(s) 松井, 美穂 Citation 北海道大学. 博士(文学) 甲第11178号 Issue Date 2014-03-25 Doc URL http://hdl.handle.net/2115/55345 Rights(URL) http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.1/jp/ Type theses (doctoral abstract and summary of review) Additional Information There are other files related to this item in HUSCAP. Check the above URL. File Information Miho_Matsui_abstract.pdf (論文内容の要旨)


DHR AWMrK-w n ness of the significance and meaning of moving patterns of sound as they are associated with visual representations which young children naturally and easily assimilate. In other words, music reading is not considered as a separate skill to be added to a music program when children are ready to master it; but, in embryo, it is part and parcel of musical growth from the very beginning. As later books in the series appear, this phase of musical growth will be reviewed more adequately. It is hoped that this review will whet the curiosity of all music educators, teachers of young children, and parents to the extent that each reader will be prompted to "see for himself." For only careful, personal examination and enjoyment of the first two books, preferably with children themselves, will reveal their full significance as books for young children to grow by.


Interpreting ocean remote sensing images is still a challenge that is worth studying because they can carry valuable information for various important applications. Due to the absence of labeled datasets, unsupervised object-based image analysis (OBIA) methods provide an effective solution to understand remote sensing images with the advantage of grouping local similar pixels into a homogeneous area. However, ocean remote sensing images usually have the characteristics of large size, large background, and coexisting of large and small objects, which results in previous OBIA methods easily falling into the difficulty of accurately segmenting the large and small objects at the same time and the dilemma of time-consuming computation. To solve this problem, a novel multiscale and multisubgraph (MSMSG)-based image segmentation method is presented in this article. First, a coarse-to-fine superpixel generation method is designed to generate optimal superpixels, which can not only solve the problem of coexisting large objects and small objects but also the problem of manually setting the initial segmentation number. Second, the proposed background removal strategy helps to eliminate the trouble of large background areas in ocean remote sensing images. Third, a multisubgraph is constructed with the help of background removal. Finally, the MSMSG merging strategy is addressed to group all similar superpixels into the same cluster, which not only reduces the useless computation of nonadjacent superpixels but also avoids segmentation errors with the same scale. Experiments conducted on three different datasets show that the proposed segmentation method is high-performance and high-efficiency.


This numerical study focuses on the transport and deposition of aerosols in the human upper airways. A great attention is specifically devoted to the glottal region and its geometry, which is designed from the results of a clinical study conducted on 20 patients. The main results concern the limit size of the injected particles which beyond 5-10 μm settle massively, up to 30% of the total inhaled mass. The effect of the nature of the carrier gas is also studied. Mots clefs : thérapies inhalées ; dépôt ; diphasique ; biomécanique respiratoire ; glotte


Introduction:
 Heart failure (HF)-related hospitalizations are a growing public health burden. We evaluated two published risk calculators for predicting 30-day readmission after HF hospitalizations: 1) using the original coefficients, 2) updating the coefficients 3) developing a new model with additional variables and updated coefficients.

 Hypothesis:
 Recalibrating model coefficients and adding variables would improve the performance of existing 30-day readmission risk calculators.

 Methods:
 We identified 45,059 adults hospitalized for HF between 2012-2017 within Kaiser Permanente Northern California, an integrated healthcare delivery system. We used split sampling for development and validation testing. The risk calculators tested included: LACE+ Index and Yale CORE. We used logistic regression on our population to derive the recalibrated coefficients. For the model with additional variables, we included all variables used in the original models plus additional variables, including cardiovascular medication use and socioeconomic status. We used gradient boosting with k-fold cross validation to avoid overfitting. We assessed model performance using area under the curve (AUC) and calibration plots.

 Results:
 Discrimination (AUC) was poor using original models: LACE+ [0.56 (0.54-0.58)] and Yale CORE [0.55 (0.54-0.57)]. Recalibrating coefficients resulted in small improvements for LACE+ [0.58 (0.57, 0.60)] and Yale CORE [0.58 (0.57, 0.60)]. Adding variables resulted in a modest improvement for the gradient boosting model [0.61 (0.59, 0.62)]. Calibration plots (Figure 1) showed good calibration except for the Yale CORE model with the original coefficients.

 Conclusions:
 Recalibrating coefficients and incorporating prior medication and socioeconomic status led to modest, significant improvements in discrimination while maintaining good calibration. However, overall performance improvements are needed to increase the utility of these published risk calculators to predict readmission.


The status of organic farming in the Netherlands was introduced concisely,the conceptions of organic farming,organic farm and organic agricultural products in the Netherlands were given, and the development of organic farming in the Netherlands was discussed in this paper.


Resonant responses of a large-span floor occur when the frequencies of human-induced excitation are close to the dominant frequencies of the floor. Excessive floor acceleration and deformation will result in human discomfort, structural member fatigue, and even structural system failure. In this study, multiple tuned mass dampers (MTMD) are applied to reduce floor normal vibration due to human activities to assure structural safety and serviceability. The dynamic equations of motion of a floor equipped with MTMD under external forces are derived. An optimal design method is proposed to determine the optimum numbers, locations, and system parameters of the MTMD system for the controlled modes based on the control algorithm the authors developed. A large-span floor in real gymnasium is investigated to examine its capability in resisting man-induced vibrations. First, the finite element model of the floor is generated by structural analysis program and updated based on real vibration measurements. Its modal frequencies, damping ratios, and mode shapes are calculated. Then, the MTMD system is decided based on the proposed optimum design procedure. The control effectiveness of the MTMD system is verified through the comparison of floor accelerations with and without MTMD system and the satisfaction of comfort levels in the design codes under human activity loadings.


ABSTRACT In this paper, rape stalk was modified with citric acid (CA) to prepare copper ion biosorbent. The modified rape stalk (MRS) was characterized by Fourier transforms infrared (FTIR), zeta potential, and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The effects of various parameters like initial Cu2+ concentration, contact time, initial pH, and temperature on adsorption capacity were studied. The adsorption capacity of MRS at 298 K was 69.84 mg/g, far higher than 18.24 mg/g for native rape stalk (NRS). The adsorption mechanism was also evaluated in terms of kinetics and thermodynamics. The adsorption equilibrium data was well described by the Langmuir isotherm model. The adsorption process followed the pseudo-second-order rate kinetics. Thermodynamic study showed spontaneous and endothermic nature of the adsorption process. The ion exchange of the adsorption mechanism was affirmed. MRS could be a potentially low-cost and green adsorbent for removal of Cu2+ from aqueous solution. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT


Along with the rapid development of the economy of Gansu Province,both the level and scale of sci-tech RD increase dramatically,presenting a good situation that scientific workers apply and implement actively major ST special projects. Gansu Science and Technology Office has carried out objective supervision and evaluation based on the provincial and ministerial principles for the implementation of major ST special projects and specification requirements. This paper sums up the experiences based on the principles,methods,indexes and other key factors adopted in the implementation of the evaluation.


During geological process,whether the trace elements could be effectively closed in minerals,depends on its diffusion behaviors.Rare earth elements are important geochemical tracers for understanding geological processes and their physical-chemical conditions.Therefore,it is important to investigate the REEs diffusion behaviors in different minerals.In this paper,we conducted a preliminary theoretical study on the REE migration in various minerals based on analyzing the constraint of crystal lattice configuration and ion type on elements diffusion,and a multivariate model was proposed for predicating diffusive parameters of REE in minerals under a dry,1-atm condition.E and lnD0 data calculated in this paper using the multivariate model are in a good agreement with previous experimental data.Compared with the previous prediction models,the multivariate model proposed in this paper can comprehensively reflect the influences of various crystal chemical factors in diffusive system.In addition,it is revealed that the most important controlling factor of REE diffusion in mineral lattice is those cations rather than the anion as previously considered.


STUDY OBJECTIVE
This study compares the relative benefits of dual chamber adaptive rate pacing (DDDR) with ventricular adaptive rate pacing (VVIR) in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

STUDY DESIGN
Cardiac hemodynamics were evaluated with serial exercise tests. A minimum of 2 h was allowed between studies. Pulmonary gas exchange was measured and cardiac output (CO) was determined at rest and immediately after maximum exercise by Doppler echocardiography.

PATIENTS
Sixteen patients with DDDR pacemakers were studied. Eight patients had COPD and eight patients had normal lung function (NLF). Baseline lung function was documented with spirometry.

INTERVENTIONS
The patients with NLF functioned as a control group. Prior to entry into the study, the rate-modulated parameters of the pacemaker were programmed to a clinically determined optimal set of parameters for each individual patient. These were not changed for the duration of the study.

RESULTS
Both groups showed a statistically significant improvement in exercise duration, CO at maximum exercise, and cardiac output difference (CODiff) with the dual chamber adaptive rate pacing mode (DDDR). (COdiff is the change in CO from rest to maximum exercise.) Patients with NLF also showed a significant improvement in anaerobic threshold (AT) and VCO2 max with DDDR. Patients with lung disease showed a statistically significant improvement at all levels of exercise in the ventilatory equivalent for oxygen.

CONCLUSION
In this study, those patients with chronic lung disease who required cardiac pacing performed significantly better in the DDDR mode as compared with the VVIR mode. Therefore, the DDDR pacing mode should provide an improved quality of life for the patient with COPD who also requires cardiac pacing.


Using 0.5% Cr2O3 as the indicator and based on the'70% basic diets + 30% test raw ingredient', fish meal, soybean meal, rapeseed meal, wheat middling, Alphastarch, rapeseed oil, compound premix and Ca(H2PO4)2 were mixed on some ratios as the basic diets and 27 raw feed ingredients, such as fish meal, soybean meal, corn gluten meal and so on, were added into the basic diets in some ratios as the test diets to feed the grass carp of two years old. The apparent digestibility coefficients of 16 amino acids in each raw ingredient were determined. The main regulation shows that when the fish has high digestibility to the raw protein the total digestibility to the amino acids is high too, such as the digestibility to fish meal and soybean meal; the fish has low digestibility to cornlike raw ingredients such as corn protein meal, corn meal and corn amino acids, while the digestibility to wheatlike ingredients such as wheat meal, wheat bran and wheat middling reddog is high; the digestibility rate is high to the soybean meal and rapeseed meal, but that is low to cottonseed meal. For the same ingredient, the apparent digestibility rates to 16 amino acids have great difference which does not show any regulation.


The ANSI Fiber Distributed Data Interface (FDDI) is intended as a local area network standard for high-speed data transfer between computers and computers/peripherals. Three major applications are foreseen for FDDI: (1) Backbone network to tie other lower speed lower speed LANs together, (2) Back-end network for processor to I/O interconnections, and (3) ISDN applications. The paper will discuss these applications and outline the advantages of FDDI for these high-speed applications.


The motor Nerve conduction studieswas done in CPN (common peroneal nerve) in fifty healthy male and female subject, 16-20 year of age. The values were establish for comparisons and references. The Amplitude of motor and were divided into different components and computerized machine was used to analyze the DL, Amplitude and conduction velocities. The CPN Motor studies gave DL of 4.09 ms, Amplidude of 6.58 mv and CV of 52.31m/sec. For Proposing normative value, these measurement are an adequate way for Electrophysiological evaluation of the Motor CPN, which latter on can be used by the clinician while dealing with this nerve.


Safety-critical software is increasingly integrated into everyday life. We depend on software for automation, such as medical monitoring, and we increasingly rely on software to make decisions in high-risk, safety-critical scenarios where there may not be enough time to alert humans, such as autonomous vehicle navigation. These systems depend on complex techniques and domain expertise to support safety assessment. Traditional methods for creating safety-critical software are expensive, time-consuming and not suitable for consumer products such as the "things" attached to the Internet of Things (IoT). Software engineering of safety-critical systems requires a clear understanding of the system. Product-line engineering has proven successful at reducing the cost and the time of creating and deploying traditional products through systematic reuse of productline assets. However, it is a unique challenge to manage safety issues in safety-critical of product lines due to its many possibilities of features interactions, data flows, and assuming that the system can not fail. To support it, this paper presents an initial definition of an approach for architecting, analyzing, implementing, and conducting safety analysis in safety-critical software product lines (SCSPL). The proposed approach is based on the Architecture Analysis and Design Language (AADL), which is suitable to describe the system's architecture. We illustrate their use on a family of Cruise Control Systems, safety-critical systems in the automotive domain, and report the results of this pilot project, which is intended to lay the foundation for a program of study on safety analysis for SCSPL.


Microsoft, Apple, Amazon, Alphabet/Google, Facebook, Alibaba and Tencent are some of the largest companies in the world, alongside the Saudi-Arabian Oil Company (by market value only, Statista, 202...


West Sichuan Xujiahe Formation 2 has the characteristics of super deep,super high voltage,and super dense.The depth of the well is over 4 500m.The rock is very hard and dense,so it's difficult to drill it.When drilling we can meet many problems such as driving less,slow drilling speed,tripping frequently,low drilling time availability and long drilling cycle.Through using turbine drilling technology,selecting suitable drilling tools and bits,the drilling speed can be improved.


This article, for the first time, extends the zeroing neural network (ZNN) method to address the problem of dynamic quaternion-valued matrix inversion. Due to the noncommutative property of quaternion multiplication, the complex representation method is first adopted to transform quaternion-valued matrices into the corresponding complex-valued matrices. Then, based on two kinds of ways to deal with nonlinear activation functions in the complex-valued domain, this article proposes two quaternion-valued ZNN (QVZNN) models for dynamic quaternion-valued matrix inversion. In addition, a novel nonlinear activation function is given to accelerate the convergence rate of the models to reach the predefined-time convergence. The detailed theoretical analysis, together with four theorems, are given to show the excellent properties of the QVZNN models. Furthermore, the upper bound of the convergence time is derived analytically with the residual error being zero theoretically. Finally, two numerical examples are provided to verify the theoretical results and the effectiveness of the QVZNN models for the dynamic quaternion-valued matrix inversion, and an application to mobile manipulator control is provided to indicate the practical application value of the QVZNN models.


Computed transverse section emission tomography using 99"Tc with the Anger camera is compared to positron annihilation coincident detection using a ring of crystals and 68 Ga. The single photon system has a line spread function (L.S.F.) of 9 mm FWHM at the collimator and gives a transverse sec tion reconstruction L.S.F. of 11 mm FWHM with 144 views. The positron ring has a L.S.F. of 6 mm at the center with a transverse section reconstruction L.S.F. of 7.5 mm FWHM. Correction for uniformity of detector response and accurate center of rotation determination is essential in both techniques. The signal-to-noise in a reconstruction is diminished by a factor of 1.2 x (number of resolution elements)~ over that expected from the average number of events per resolution element. Attenuation compensation causes more noise to appear in the center than the edge for both modes and an average increase in uncertainty of 30%. The effects of attenuation result in more loss of data for positron coincidence imaging than for single photon imaging even at energies of 80 keV. For a 20 em cylinder imaged in transverse section, only 20% of the positron annihilation events are not scattered; however, at 140 keV 40% of the photons are not scattered. The relative crystal effi ciency gives single photon imaging an advantage of 5.


The identification and correction of measurement errors often involves labour intensive case-by-case evaluations by statisticians. We show how machine learning can increase the efficiency and effectiveness of these evaluations. Our approach proceeds in two steps. In the first step, a supervised learning algorithm exploits data on decisions to flag data points as erroneous to approximate the results of the human decision making process. In the second step, the algorithm applies the first-step knowledge to predict the probability of measurement errors for newly reported data points. We show that, for data on securities holdings of German banks, the algorithm yields accurate out-of-sample predictions and increases the efficiency of data quality management. While the main focus of our analysis is on an application of machine learning to data quality management, we demonstrate that the potential of machine learning for official statistics is not limited to the prediction of measurement errors. Another important problem that machine learning can help to overcome is missing data. Using simulations, we show that out-of-sample predictions of missing values with machine learning algorithms can help to close data gaps in a wide range of datasets.


Wide area protection (WAP) system is a control and protection system based on power grid information through network communication. WAP can determine fault location and clear fault selectively and quickly, then analysis the effect of power system stability after fault components disconnection and take appropriate control measures. WAP consists of master and slave station. With wide area information, WAP can solve the setting and matching difficulty of protective relaying, and can shorter the delay time of back-up protection. WAP also can improve the level of power system security and stability operation, and coordinate protective relaying and stability control. Obtain real-time wide area information reliably and accurately is the key point to build WAP. The reliability of network, synchronization accuracy, and the efficiency of communication protocols are key technologies of WAP. Full use of wide area information to get smarter, more reliable and more adaptable control strategy that coordinated protective relaying and stability control is the core contents of WAP. This paper summarizes the theory and engineering problems countered in the process of WAP research and application, and introduces the solutions or ideas. This paper brings out several urgent problems to be solved in order to promote WAP technology, and gives outlook of key issues in the implementation WAP at smart substation.


Thank you for downloading the dissonance of democracy listening conflict and citizenship. Maybe you have knowledge that, people have search numerous times for their favorite novels like this the dissonance of democracy listening conflict and citizenship, but end up in harmful downloads. Rather than enjoying a good book with a cup of coffee in the afternoon, instead they are facing with some infectious virus inside their laptop.


While it is clear that a person can have a pain in his knee, it is not at all clear how we should construe this fact. Do pains literally have spatial coordinates of their own just as splinters and marbles do? And, if pains can be located in parts of our bodies, why couldn't they sometimes be located elsewhere, perhaps across the room from us in a coffee cup or in a piece of furniture? In the following, I first critically examine two attractive but misguided theories of pain location, the Spatial Coordinate view and the Association view. I then propose a new view of pain location which seems more faithful to the facts. And, finally, exploiting insights derived from the new view, I attempt to explain why it seems absurd to think we could imagine having a pain other than in a part of the body.