The Church Missionary Society, which John Morgan represented in the Waikato, was unlike the London Missionary Society or any other denominational society.2 It was loyal to the leadership of the bishops and the Book of Common Prayer and was a part of the Church of England that was itself established by law. Nevertheless, it was also a Society not entirely dominated by the clergy. It was 'the Church principle, not the high-Church principle'3 that governed the Church Missionary Society and from its inception it emphasised the role of laymen and women in the missionary enterprise. These early decisions drew criticism from all sides. Non-Anglicans saw it as too much tied to the Church of England and the Establishment while Anglicans saw it as too free in terms of Church of England doctrine and practice.4 The Society had chosen a difficult middle path and it was the determination not to act without informing the leaders of the Church of England that gave rise to the reporting letters that were sent by missionaries from all over the world. These letters form a unique history of early encounters between Western traditions and modes of thought and those whose cultures and traditions stemmed from quite different origins.Aspects of the artisan heritage of the New Zealand mission of the Church Missionary Society are apparent in its beginnings. It began with Samuel Marsden, the son of a Yorkshire tradesman, who was the second of the government chaplains sent to minister to the convicts of Botany Bay.5 He found himself drawn to Maori, some of whom he had met, first in Norfolk Island and later in New Soudi Wales. He received Maori at his home in Paramatta, putting up huts in his garden to accommodate them. There were sometimes as many as thirty Maori living on and around his property, some of whom were important members of their tribe. In particular, Te Pahi, visiting New South Wales as a guest of the governor in November 18056, was so struck by the artisan skills of Europeans or, as Te Pahi termed them, the 'Arts of Life', that he asked that someone be sent to teach his countrymen. In 1808, Marsden visited England and requested the Church Missionary Society to send, not missionaries, but artisans who, by teaching the 'Arts of Life', would create habits of industry and civilisation that would in turn pave the way for the introduction of the Gospel. However, Eugene Stock comments in his History of the Church Missionary Society, that 'Marsden and the Society were to learn the fallacy of this by hard experience and it was the New Zealand Mission that was to teach them.'7 A tension between the teaching of the 'Arts of Life' and the teaching of the Good Word is everywhere apparent in the Waikato mission of John Morgan. His reports to his committee concern the Gospel, but in a large measure concern the 'Arts of Life'.When Marsden arrived in England in 1808 to request a mission to New Zealand, the Church Missionary Society was a very new organisation. It had sent out only five missionaries to places that were comparatively near and familiar to the Society's leaders, through the part played by members of the Church Missionary Society in the Abolitionist movement and the Sierra Leone Company, the latter having been formed to repatriate former slaves to Africa. The case of the New Zealand Mission was deemed very different: "Now they were asked to send men to the Antipodes, to a land whence it would take twelve months to get an answer to a letter, to a race of warlike barbarians among whom no Europeans had yet settled.'8 The enormous distance and poor contact with Britain was a logistical problem, and, unlike Sierra Leone for instance, the lack of European settlement meant that missionaries, without a settled parish, would travel great distances alone to preach among an indigenous population about which little was known. Nevertheless, a few would-be missionary artisans were persuaded to travel. William Hall, a joiner, and John King, a shoemaker, both agreed to go. …


AIMS
This study was performed to examine the association of the internal exposure of cadmium and lead with periodontitis in a representative sample of adults, who were involved in the Fourth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES).

MATERIALS AND METHODS
One thousand nine hundred and sixty-six subjects over the age of 19 who participated in KNHANES were examined. Cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) exposure were grouped into three categories: low (<25th percentile), middle (25th-75th percentile) and high (≥75th percentile). The periodontal status was assessed by the Community Periodontal Index. The multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to get the adjusted odds ratio (OR), and subgroup analysis was also performed. All analyses considered a complex sampling design.

RESULTS
The multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed associations of Cd with periodontitis. Subjects with a high Cd had a 1.57 (95% CI: 1.03-2.38) times higher OR for periodontitis than those with a low Cd. In the subgroup analysis, the association of Pb and Cd with periodontitis was different according to the strata of gender and smoking.

CONCLUSIONS
High Cd could be associated with periodontitis in females and current smokers, and middle Pb showed associations in females and non-smokers among a representative sample of adults in Korea.


doi: 10.5325/jasiapacipopcult.5.1.0001 This special issue of the Journal of Asia-Pacific Pop Culture is based on a conference we convened in 2019 entitled "Inhuman Screens." The conference explored cinema, social media, and emerging technologies, as well as concerns related to posthumanism; and will continue to explore these themes in future iterations. We were lucky enough to have keynotes from Adrian Martin and Jack Sargeant, who have contributed to this issue. We also included appropriately digital and disembodied interviews with acclaimed psychoanalytic philosopher Alenka Zupančič and fiction and nonfiction writer Donna Freitas. This issue of JAPPC, like the conference, explores how we are mediated by screens; how the human as a pure, detached category is no longer viable. Although screen technologies offer utopian transhumanist and posthumanist potentialities, they also offer threats: the threat of inhuman standards of perfection online (what Freitas call the Happiness Effect), surveillance and new modes of labor. The title Inhuman Screens designates an approach that tries to explore rather than condemn how technology shapes and reshapes the human. Inhuman Screens thereby seeks to interrogate discourses around the framing and screening of the human as transformed and mediated by technology. Starting with early visual recording technologies in the nineteenth century, the idea of the human has been challenged. As Sean Cubitt has argued, photography orphaned the image from subject.1 Effectively, photography split the person between self and trace; between life and a dead reflection. The photograph created a mirror of the self while at the same time removing color, movement, and embodiment. Cinema soon followed. Letter from the Guest Editors Aleks WAnsbrough And stefAn PoPescu


Extending system lifetime by effectively managing power on participating nodes is critical in wireless ad hoc networks. One critical issue for almost all kinds of wireless devices supported by battery powers is power saving(PS). The PS protocols for MANET can be categorized into synchronous and asynchronous ones. The synchronous PS protocol can not be applied to a multi-hop MANET, because it will cause three problems: namely clock synchronization, neighbor discovery, and network partitioning. Although asynchronous solutions are attractive, yet, the cost is high as opposed to synchronous protocols. In this paper, we propose a cluster-based semi-asynchronous PS protocols for multi-hop MANETs. The basic idea is to cluster neighboring hosts such that synchronous PS protocols can be adopted within each individual clusters, and thus conserves more power. Simulation results show that, the proposed semi-asynchronous approaches outperform the asynchronous PS protocols when applied to a multi-hop MANET.


Objective To observe and the clinical effect of Chinese and Western medicine in the treatment of cerebral thrombosis.Methods Selected in our hospital from February 2010 to November 2012,42 cases of cerebral thrombosis patients,with the patients were divided into control group and observation group.In the control group patients using conventional neural Department of internal medicine drugs for treatment,in the observation group patients in the conventional treatment based on TCM flavored with positive also five Soup for basic medicine treatment,after a course of treatment,observation and analysis were carried out on two groups of patients.Results In the observation group,the total effective rate was 95.2%,higher than 85.7% in the control group,the difference was statistically significant(P 0.05).There were no obvious adverse reactions in two groups of patients.Conclusion Traditional Chinese and western medicine in treatment of cerebral thrombus,can be effective in prevention and treatment of thrombosis,has obvious curative effect,is worth the clinical promotion.


When neural networks are used to model dynamics, properties such as stability of the dynamics are generally not guaranteed. In contrast, there is a recent method for learning the dynamics of autonomous systems that guarantees global exponential stability using neural networks. In this paper, we propose a new method for learning the dynamics of input-affine control systems. An important feature is that a stabilizing controller and control Lyapunov function of the learned model are obtained as well. Moreover, the proposed method can also be applied to solving Hamilton-Jacobi inequalities. The usefulness of the proposed method is examined through numerical examples.


Abstract Plasma volume shifts were investigated in four male subjects who remained in either the upright or low-sit posture on a bicycle ergometer during 60 min of rest, 45 min of exercise, and 45 min of recovery. Rest in the upright and low-sit posture induced plasma volume decreases of 14 and 6.9%, respectively. When postural effects were partialed out, exercise in the upright posture resulted in minimal alterations in plasma volume. Work in the low-sit posture was characterized by hemoconcentration during the early phases of pedalling followed by a slight increase in plasma volume which remained stable for the duration of the exercise period. During recovery, plasma volumes returned rapidly to the pre-exercise levels associated with each seated posture. It is evident that when analyzing fluid shifts, posture and time should be rigorously controlled so as to differentiate between the effects of posture and exercise.


Incredible as it seems, there is more gore spewing from Planned Parenthood's inner sanctum each passing day. Let's begin in Kansas where documentation is destroyed and late-term abortionists are held in the highest esteem. It seems that all of the records required by law to ensure that Planned Parenthood was complying with the law, regarding the case former Kansas attorney general Phill Kline had brought against Planned Parenthood and its cohorts, have been shredded! Yes, you got it. They are no more.


A system of differential equations describing an avalanche multiplication in MIS-structure is derived and numerically solved in frames of the uniform electric field along the interface and infinitely thin inverse layer. The dynamic characteristic of the current, time dependence of the multiplication coefficient, and the current-voltage characteristics are in a good agreement with the experimental results.

[Russian Text Ignored].


This paper describes products and technologies that enterprise customers can purchase and deploy to enhance the non-verbal and verbal human communications of employees during their meetings with remote participants. After descriptions of specific solutions, the authors focus on frequent bottlenecks that hinder natural interaction, and then outline some approaches being taken by researchers and manufacturers to address the issues. Three broad categories of end user products are available to enhance realtime, on-line human-human visual communications: ! hardware-intensive room/group video communication systems for bringing together groups of people in two or more locations. This large category includes telepresence systems at the high end, high definition room systems, standard group conference room systems, interactive white boards, and small video-conferencing appliances for meeting rooms and individual


We study the scattering of electromagnetic waves at lossy metallic rough surfaces with bivalued cavities. In this particular kind of scatterer two resonant mechanism of very different nature can manifest themselves to produce highly selective reflectivity responses: i) surface plasmons and ii) resonant microcavities. To separate the contributions from each resonant mechanism, we compare the results obtained for two different problems: the diffraction problem for infinitely periodic grating with cavity like grooves and the homogeneous problem for a plane surface with a single cavity.


The purpose of the study was to determine if white-tailed deer browsing or prescribed burning had an effect on seedlings and saplings in Itasca State Park. There were four study sites located in the park: Mary Lake Unburned Exclosure, Wildness Drive Burned Exclosure, Wildness Drive Burned Area and Wildness Drive Unburned Area. It was hypothesized that the highest abundance of seedlings and saplings would be at the Wilderness Drive Burned Exclosure and the lowest abundance at Wilderness Drive Unburned Area. The data showed no correlation between abundance of deer scat and abundance of seedlings but there is a positive correlation between deer scat and abundance of saplings. This could be due in part to the fact that the deer exclosures did not completely exclude deer. The data showed no correlation between seedlings and saplings between burned sites and between unburned sites. Pine regeneration was not significant in the study transects but it was noted that there were white pine seedlings present at each site.


The wavelet neural network on predicting ionosphere is proposed for the whole world.According to the ionsopheric TEC data as swatchs released by IGS(international GPS service),The TEC prediction value is checked by original value,the whole prediction precision and the different latitude precision are analysed.The results of experimentation show that the predicted TEC calculated with wavelet neural network accord with the ionospheric TEC,and the precision of the predicted TEC is high,the percentage of the frids number of the difference between prediction value and original value less than three TECU beyond 90%,as time going,this percentage descends unconspicuously.


The paper analyses the development of Chinese automobile industry from three aspects,which are capacity,export and productivity.The two stages in the development of Chinese automobile industry and the features in each stage are also discussed.Then the paper proposes a basic standpoint,which is the policy of developing Chinese automobile industry by joint venture not only enlarge the scale of automobile industry,but also accelerate its technical advancement.Finally,on the basis of reviewing the structural transformation of automobile industry in the world and discussing the foreground of Chinese automobile industry,four proposals on advancing Chinese automobile industry are put forward.


This study was conducted to collect the basic data for the development of hydroponic technique and the efficient promotion of water culture. We have also analysed the water culture associated domestic patent application informations searching for on-line internet site with an admission fee (http:// www2.wips.co.kr) from the year 1983 to January, 2006. Fifty nine patent applications related to the hydroponics were searched for in this study. Main patent contents applied were as followed in the order of that nineteen applications about the hydroponic equipments by 32.2%, thirteen applications about the materials used in water culture by 22.0%, eleven applications about the composition of nutrient solution by 18.6%, nine applications about the cultural methods by 15.3%, and seven applications about the cultural media by 11.9%. The compositions of nutrient solution and the cultural methods intended for specific crops were increased in number following five applications about tomato plants and four applications about potatoes. Thirty three patents (55.9%) were mainly applied before the year 2000. Main patent contents were the compositions of nutrient solution before the year 2000 in contrast to the cultural methods and substrates after the year 2000.


Objective: Although the role of beta blocker in major hypertension guideline is limited, the role of vasodilating beta blocker is suggested to be different from the conventional beta blocker. Despite of many small sized studies for the pharmacological properties, there are few large sized real world data for blood pressure (BP) lowering efficacy of nevibolol in hypertension patients in Asia. Design and method: In the open, non-controlled, prospective, multicenter observational study to identify BEnefits after 24 weeks of NEvibolol administration For essential hypertensIon patients wiTH various co-morbidities and treatment environments in KOREA (BENEFIT-KOREA), 3011 patients was enrolled and 2571 patients (85.3%) completed 24 week follow up. The efficacy of nevibolol was measured according to four prescription patterns, i.e., de novo therapy (n = 279), single drug switching (n = 257), switching for combination therapy (n = 978), and add-on therapy (n = 1057). Results: Age was 63.5 ± 12.9. Female was 40.4% and the elderly aged > 65 was 52.7%. Dyslipidemia, obesity, and diabetes mellitus were noted in 50.5%, 37.4%, and 28.9%. Co-morbidity was noted in 89.1% and majority was ischemic heart disease. Concomitant medication rate for calcium antagonist, ARB/ACEI, diuretics were 54.3%, 53.5/9.2%, and 23.7%. Median dosage of nevobolol was 5 mg. For de novo therapy, BPs decreased from 142.4/84.9 mmHg to 127.9/75.1 mmHg (−13.9/−9.5 mmHg, p < 0.0001). For single drug switching group, BPs decreased from 134.3/78.7 mmHg to 127.1/75.3 mmHg (−7.5/−3.6 mmHg, p < 0.0001). For switching for combination therapy group, BPs decreased from 137.8/80.1 mmHg to 131.6/76.6 mmHg (−6.4/−3.6 mmHg, p < 0.0001). For add-on therapy group, BPs decreased from 146.0/85.5 mmHg to 130.9/76.3 mmHg (−15.0/−9.1 mmHg, p < 0.0001). Adverse drug reaction was noted in 1.2%. Conclusions: Nevibolol was demonstrated to be a comparable drug for switching in single or combination therapies and to be an effective BP lowering drug for de novo or add-on therapies in a real world Asian hypertension patient with aging, cardiovascular risk factors, and co-morbidities.


To engage in business activities is necessary for nonprofit legal persons to survive and develop,and it has already become a reality.The definition of "nonprofit" suggests that we should distinguish nonprofit legal persons from for-profit ones according to their ultimate purposes.The nonprofit legal persons should comply with the bottom-line of "Inurement Ban" and the special rules applied to them when they embark on business activities.


The asymmetrical coefficient of precipitation,anomaly analytical method,five points moving average method,wavelet analysis and related hydrology statistical method are adopted to analyze the characteristics and variation trend of precipitation and air temperature based on the observed data in Dezhou region.The results show that the average yearly precipitation of Dezhou region is 560.2mm;it mainly centralized in flood period between June and September;the yearly and seasonal(except Spring) precipitation during 1950-2010 appears downward trend as a whole;The average yearly temperature during period 1951-2010 appears upward trend as a whole;the rate of temperature tendency is 0.176℃/10a with an opposite tendency of precipitation.


The complex of L-histidine calcium was prepared with D151 and 110 cation exchange resins.The calcium exchange capacities and exchange kinetic curves at 26 ℃ with the resins were measured.And the effects of temperature, molar ratio of NaOH to L-histidine, concentration of L-histidine, and quantity of resin on calcium exchange process were determined.The results show that calcium exchange capacities of D151 and 110 resins were 1.12 and 2.59 mmol/g, the exchange process was quick, and calcium exchange process exothermic, so industrial process could be carried out at room temperature or low temperature.The proper molar ratio of NaOH to L-histidine was(1~1.25):1, the proper concentration and resin quantity of D151 cation exchange resin were 0.46 mol/L and 0.125 g/mL or so, and those of 110 resin were 0.4 mol/L and 0.15 g/mL or so.


In this study, we report the effect of cooling from the peak temperature reached during partial melt processing on the critical current for a Bi2212/Ag wire. A single-stage cooling approach is compared to two-stage cooling. For two-stage cooling, the first stage cooling rate and the cooling rate transition temperature were varied to investigate the effects of undercooling on the solidification behavior of the 2212 phase. Two-stage cooling results in higher Ic compared to single-stage cooling, and the cooling rate transition temperature was found to have a greater effect on Ic than the initial cooling rate.


A radiotelescope operating at millimeter wavelengths must be able to analyze an instantaneous bandwidth of at least a few GHz in spectroscopic mode, with a number of spectral points of the order of thousands. Two solutions are examined. In the first, it is assumed that a multi-channel digital spectrometer, with a bandwidth of the order of 100 MHz for each channel, will be available. In this case, a digital filterbank derived from the experience with the ALMA correlator could be used to synthesize a total bandwidth of 1-2 GHz. For wider bandwidths, an acousto-optical spectrometer is proposed. The experience at IRA, Sez. di Firenze with these instruments is presented, and possible solutions are outlined.


The time used in performing scaling and elimination of overhangs (Sc) and periodontal surgery (Su) was analysed. Twenty-two quadrants with subgingival calculus and/or restorations with overhanging margins and with pocket depth of 5 mm or less were selected for Sc therapy. Fifty-two quadrants were selected for Su therapy (gingivectomy and/or flap operation). Prescaling had been performed in 38 of them. Six dentists took part in the Sc and 12 in the Su procedures. The mean Sc time per quadrant was 24 minutes (s.d. 7.87) and the mean Su time per quadrant was 52 minutes (s.d. 14.79). Gingivectomy tended to require less time than flap. Prescaling did not seem to reduce the Su time significantly. The averages obtained in this study and in other studies were compared and discussed to evaluate the guidelines suggested in the Periodontal Treatment Need System (PTNS). The PTNS time calculations allowed slight overestimations, mainly for Su time.


Cholesterol is a blood fat that is synthesized in the liver and is found in red blood cells, cell membranes, and muscles. In thin people there can be an increase in total cholesterol levels in the blood. Increased Total Cholesterol in thin people is inseparable from the factors of food consumed that have high cholesterol levels, such as foods with saturated fats (lemakhew ani). When these types of foods are continuously consumed in the long run, cholesterol levels in the body will increase even though also does not look fat. However, there are several other factors that affect total cholesterol levels in the blood such as genetic factors, diet and lack of exercise. The purpose of this study was to determine total cholesterol levels in thin people. This type of research uses laboratory observational research that is to determine total cholesterol levels in thin people. The results were tabulated in the form of examination data tables of 20 samples, obtained results that were normal 200 mg / dl of 6 people. From the results of research conducted there is an increase in total cholesterol levels in thin people. In order for thin people to consume fibrous foods, reduce foods that contain lots of fat and increase food portions and frequency of eating.


The formation reasons and distribution rules of Wangping field fault are analyzed for the purpose of guiding the normal mine operation


Present study was done to evaluate the effectiveness of short-term courses training of computer 7 skills (ICDL) for secondary school teachers in Sari city, Mazandaran province Iran, in the academic year of 2011-2012. The study populations are 120 persons and all population were counted as study sample. In order to collect data, researcher made questionnaire was used. The reliability coefficient of a group of 11 persons calculated 94.69% which shows significant reliability. In order to analyze data, descriptive statistics (frequency, percentage and table) and inferential statistics by means of X2 square, U man Witney test and Kroscal – Valis test were used. The study results show that the (ICDL) courses are effective on increasing professional and specialized skills of teachers and content can realize goals and the ways of evaluation were held proper with courses. But, participants had neutral opinion about educational media. There is no significant difference between the level of education, degree, experience and the effectiveness of courses. Study results showed that using suitable media, practical and project skills and internet are necessary for courses.


The effects of including light clusters in nuclear matter at low densities are investigated within four different parametrizations of relativistic models at finite temperature. Both homogeneous and inhomogeneous matter (pasta phase) are described for neutral nuclear matter with fixed proton fractions. We discuss the effect of the density dependence of the symmetry energy, the temperature and the proton fraction on the non-homogeneous matter forming the inner crust of proto-neutron stars. It is shown that the number of nucleons in the clusters, the cluster proton fraction and the sizes of the Wigner Seitz cell and of the cluster are very sensitive to the density dependence of the symmetry energy.


We investigate the possibility that particles that are long-lived on cosmological scales, making up part or all of the dark matter, decay to neutrinos that have present day energies around an eV. The neutrinos from these decays can potentially be visible at experiments that hope to directly observe the cosmic neutrino background through neutrino capture on tritium, such as PTOLEMY. In the context of a simple model that can realize such decays, we discuss the allowed signatures at a PTOLEMY-like experiment given current cosmological constraints.


Salinity, temperature, and pressure gradients all cause the density of sea water to vary with depth in the ocean, and the density gradient affects the motion of the waters. A quantity N, having the units radians per second, can be defined using the density gradient, the velocity of sound, and the acceleration of gravity.The simplest motions have the form of horizontally progressive waves of frequency ω, wave number κ, and velocity V. If h is the amplitude of the vertical displacement of the water and z the vertical coordinate, then V2(d2h/dz2) + [N2(z) − ω2]h = 0; this equation is formally identical with Schrodinger's wave equation. The stream function of these waves is φ = Vh(z) sin (κx − ωt), and the variable part of the pressure is − ρ dφ/dz, while the vorticity is R = −N2φ/V2. The wave may be described as a lattice of vortices moving with velocity V. In the ocean N(z) ordinarily has one or two maxima called thermoclines. The analogy with the quantum‐mechanical problems of one and two potential minima ...


The flight muscles of insects have a high α-glycerophosphatedehydrogenase activity, and according to Kennedy and others α-glycerophosphate is one of the components of α-lecithin in its biosynthesis.To throw some light on the metabolism of lipids in muscle, the author has studied the oxidation and dehydrogenation of lecithin especially in bee flight muscle comparing with muscles of rat, frog and sparrow. The results were as follows : 1) Addition of egg lecithin to the homogenate of bee flight muscle increases the rate of respiration in the presence of DPN by 10-15% and in the presence of methylene blue by 25%. The addition of egg lecithin to the homogenate of rat femoral muscle, however, does not increase respiration.2) In the presence of NaF (or iodoacetate) and methylene blue, the addition of lecithin increases the rate of respiration of the homogenate of bee flight muscle more than twice as much as in the case without the addition of lecithin.3) The muscles of bee, rat, frog and sparrow have been found to possess dehydrogenase activity both soy-been lecithin and egg lecithin. Among these muscles, bee flight muscle has the highest dehydrogenase activity upon both lecithin varieties.


D-limonene is considered to have fairly low toxicity. It has been tested for carcinogenicity in mice and rats. Although initial results showed d-limonene increased the incidence of renal tubular tumors in male rats, female rats and mice in both genders showed no evidence of any tumor. Subsequent studies have determined how these tumors occur and established that d-limonene does not pose a mutagenic, carcinogenic, or nephrotoxic risk to humans. In humans, d-limonene has demonstrated low toxicity after single and repeated dosing for up to one year.


The tragedy of COVID-19 poses unprecedented challenges for European economies. The lack of effective common crisis-management mechanisms has called into question the fitness of the EU institutional architecture. Early national responses portray a divided and divergent Europe: insurmountable gaps separate fiscal responses (e.g. Germany vs. the periphery). The trends open a window of opportunity for further uniting Europe, while - unaddressed - posing an existential threat for the future of integration. Extraordinary measures (e.g. SURE and NGEU) mark a critical albeit temporary first step towards a common crisis-response fire-power. Ahead of the Conference on the Future of Europe the path towards a comprehensive (federal) fix for the EMU is perilous and uncertain while the pandemic reinforces the critical need for ambitious reforms.


Sensor and actuator applications have exploded in the last several decades and, along with their associated electronics and information processing systems, they are becoming ubiquitous in modern engineering devices and systems. The marketplace demand is huge and growing rapidly, with the global demand for all sensors predicted to exceed $280 billion by 2023 (BCC Research) and the overall actuator market projected to reach $75 billion by 2024 (MarketsandMarkets). Although the bulk of these revenue forecasts will be driven by existing/mature sensing and actuator products, there is ever increasing demand for new and novel sensing and actuation technologies. Key to the success in many emerging sensor and actuator application are state of the art energy creation, delivery and management systems (energy systems).


Non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) affects 20%‐40% of the general population in developed countries and is an increasingly important cause of hepatocellular carcinoma. Electronic medical records facilitate large‐scale epidemiological studies, existing NAFLD scores often require clinical and anthropometric parameters that may not be captured in those databases.


A simple measurement system was developed using CCD camera,image processing and PTV(PTV: Particle Tracking Velocimetry) techniques to measure the velocities and concentration distribution of inhalable particle in indoor air.The photographic system included illuminations of white light and CCD camera(30fps) could capture successive particle images.Based on Four-Consecutive-Time-Step Method,the software system of PTV was improved image point matching algorithms for motion particles,various image-processing algorithms.The results show that the inhalale particles can image for illuminate of white light and the system was successful used to effectively measure velocities and concentration distribution of inhalable particle in indoor air.


The rapid development of Internet technology, the exchange of information to businesses, such as business development to create good conditions, especially in China's telecommunications companies, Internet technology significantly improves the use of telecommunications services and enterprise management level, at the same time more computer network security problems gradually, to China's telecom enterprises put forward higher requirements. This paper analyzes the status quo of China's telecommunications computer network, and the problems both from a technical and management countermeasures were put forward in order to build a secure telecommunications enterprise network system to provide a reference.


A dual-band circularly polarized microstrip antenna of airborne is designed in this paper. The antenna has a miniaturized structure, which use two patches and cavity to coupling two resonant frequencies. The corner of lower patch is fed with SMD directional coupler, gap between the upper patch and the cavity resonance high frequency. Designed antenna size is 300mm * 300mm * 87mm (equivalent to 0.348λ0 of the center of low-frequency). Antenna measurement shows that VSWR is less than 1.7 in 348 MHz frequency band (341 MHz-354 MHz) and 388 MHz frequency band (381 MHz-396 MHz). Circular polarization axial ratio of normal direction is less than 2.4dB in each frequency band. It achieves LHCP in two frequency bands. The antenna gains achieved of two frequency bands are both more than 6.7dBi. Testing results and simulation results are consistent.


According to % GSI and egg diameter, reproduction periot of M. cephalus was determined to be on September and October mounth. Minimum % GSI obtained for M. cephalus was % 4.14 on June mounth and maximum % GSI was % 20.08 on July and % 17.26 on October. Avarage egg diameter of M. cephalus ranged between minimum 0.15 and maximum 0.69 mm. The egg diameters on September and October are 0.69 and 0.65 mm. .


Causes of producing large size fragmental rock in expressway blast were discussed with both of theory analysis and engineering practice. Effective measures to control the fragmental grain were presented.


Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted for 66 patients with locally advanced pancreatic cancer who received chemotherapy only (C), chemotherapy plus radiotherapy (CRT) or chemotherapy plus radiotherapy then surgery (CRTS) between January 2014 and February 2017. After excluding 31 patients' due to insufficient data, 35 of them were analysed for full blood count, NLR and PLR, prior to starting treatment and CA19.9 level before and during treatment. Patients were divided according to the type of treatment they received (C [n1⁄4 15], CRT [n1⁄4 12] or CRTS [n1⁄4 15]).


Failures will be occur inevitably because Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are randomly deployed in a hostile nature environment. Therefore, considering faults in WSNs is essential when we design WSN. In this paper, a SEC-DED (Single Error Correcting-Double Error Detecting) code and the implementing method is presented. Proposed code scheme is suitable for the WSN. Also, this paper classifies fault model in the sensor node. Proposed SECDED code has improved area-overhead more than 50% compare with conventional SEC-DED codes.


Drivers typically calibrate their driving behavior with their perceived risk of the current driving situation. However, the degree of risky behavior that drivers find acceptable may be affected by individual difference factors, such as gender, cognitive ability, and personality traits. Using a publicly available dataset examining cognitive and personality variables in a sample of older American adults (CogUSA; McArdle, Rodgers, & Willis, 2015), the present study assessed the relationships between global and information processing factors and self-perceived risky driving behavior (after controlling for general self-perceived risk-taking). Global factors included gender, age, and the big five personality traits. Information processing factors were measured by scores on Visual Matching, Incomplete Words, Auditory Working Memory, and Spatial Relations tests. Results indicated that gender, conscientiousness, agreeableness, and visuo-spatial processing predicted increased self-perceived risky driving behavior. The results have implications for the assessment of driving risk factors across ages, as well as the burgeoning field of hazard perception training.


Diaminosulfoxonium salts were prepared by alkylation of sulfonimidamides. Their physical properties were described. Their reaction with bases gave the corresponding ylides and sulfonimidamides. The intramolecular rearrangement of the ylides led to ortho substitution via intermediate cyclohexadienimines. Hydrogen transfer, accompanying rearomatization and the subsequent action of bases gave dihydro-2,1-benzisothiazole derivatives. These ylides were also found to react with aldehydes to afford epoxides in moderate yields.


accountability 255 activism, judicial 129, 130 actori incumbit probatio maxim 29 adjudicating bodies, task of 29, 72, 263 adjustment, promotion of 112–114, 122 administrative review 14 adverse effects 47, 48, 49, 54, 56, 86 adverse selection 183, 184, 187 agricultural products 134, 154 Agriculture Agreement 133, 138–139, 140–141, 146–148, 153, 157 aircraft, subsidization of sales of 88–98 aliens, protection of 188, 190, 192, 210 American Law Institute 3, 8 Principles of Trade Law project 1, 2, 36 Reporters' Studies 2–3, 4–11 Anti-Dumping Agreement 28, 119 antidumping duties 4, 12, 17, 28, 76 Appellate Body 10, 93, 123, 129, 275 analysis of the Agriculture Agreement 143–145 Article 21.5 panels 91, 92 burden of proof 263, 272 causation 105, 106 consequences of decisions 253, 258 EC – Sardines 249, 250, 251 evidentiary standards 5, 9 interpretation of ''benefit'' 85 interpretation of ''injury'' 104, 107 interpretation of ''similarity'' 148 interpretation of Paris Convention 194, 196, 197 interpretation of TBT Agreement 267 interpretation of the GATT 108, 125, 145–146, 148 interpretation of the Safeguards Agreement 106 interpretation of TRIPs 198–199, 201, 203–204 judicial economy 196, 199 legitimacy of 252, 253, 275 most favoured nation 206–208 mutual recognition 208–219 national treatment 206–208, 208–219 non-attribution 120 ownership of trademarks 203 Paris Convention Article 8 204–206 textualism 248–275 and WIPO 200 Argentina 133–157 Argentina – Footwear 103, 105 arm's length operations 5, 241, 242, 243, 244 automotive sector, India 158–178 autonomy, procedural 251 autonomy, regulatory 191, 194, 250, 251, 274


This article presents RTL-ConTest, a register transfer-level (RTL) security vulnerability detection algorithm, that extracts critical process flows from a RTL design and executes RTL-level concolic testing to generate security test cases for identifying critical exploits manifested in a System on Chip (SoC). The efficiency of the proposed approach is evaluated on opensource RISC-V-based SoCs. Our technique is successful in detecting the security vulnerabilities manifested in the processor core as well as in the rest of the SoC, e.g., debug modules, peripherals, etc., thereby providing a thorough vulnerability check on the entire hardware design. As demonstrated by our experimental results, in circumstances where conventional security verification tools are limited, RTL-ConTest furnishes significantly improved efficiency in detecting SoC security vulnerabilities.


ESR spectroscopic analyses of the deep-green solutions of living poly(2-isopropenylnaphthalene) [poly(2-IPN)] in THF at −80°C provided no evidence of the presence of radical anions as long as butyllithium (BuLi) was used as initiator. In contrast to this finding, radicals could indeed be detected if the polymerization was performed with metallic potassium in THF. These radicals were found to be only stable at low temperatures. UV/VIS spectra of solutions of 2-IPN in THF or toluene and of catalytic quantities of BuLi were recorded at temperatures between −45 and +20°C. On heating to >0°C, the colour of the deep-green solution changes irreversibly to reddish-brown, and this colour change is associated with a spontaneous deactivation of the living poly(2-IPN). End-capping reactions with anthracene derivatives and the block copolymerization with hexamethylcyclotrisiloxane gave a first idea of the reactivity and structure of the species present in the reddish-brown solution. A suggestion is made for the deactivation mechanism.


The addition of carbon dioxide to epoxides to produce either cyclic carbonates or polycarbonates is an important reaction allowing the conversion of a renewable, inexpensive and non-toxic feedstock such as CO2 into useful products with many potential applications. In this perspective article, an overview of the type of catalysts used for this reaction, the mechanisms with which they operate and the parameters influencing their activity and selectivity are presented and discussed critically. In this context, the main challenges to be tackled in this vibrant area of research are highlighted.


The part of Areca Palm (Areca catechu) that economical is the seed. It is commercially available in dried, cured and fresh forms, while the fibre is usually thrown away. Cellulose fibers from agricultural waste can be utilized as raw material for handicraft paper. Laboratory research showed that Areca palm fibre contained 70.2% of cellulose, 10.92% of water, and 6.02% of ash. This indicated that Areca palm fibre is very potential to be processed as handicraft paper. Handicraft paper is made of wastepaper or plants which cointain celluloce to produce rough-textured paper. In order to obtain preferred sensory quality of handicraft paper such as color, fiber appearance and texture as well as good physical quantity such as tensile strength, tear resistance and grammage, the addition of wastepaper to provide secondary fibre and sometimes adhesive are needed in making handicraft paper. Handicraft paper making was one alternative to treat the solid waste and to reduce the use of wood fiber as paper raw material. The aim of this study is to compare the two most famous method, i.e. Federer and Gomez Method, for calculate the number of replications. This study is preliminary research before do the research in order to get the best treatment to produce handicraft paper. The Gomez method calculates fewer replications than the Federer method. Based on data simulation the error generated using 3 replicates of 0.0876 while using 2 replicates of 0.1032.


Cognitive radio is thought to be a flexible way to improve the spectrum efficiency. The major challenge is that the communications in the cognitive radio network would be affected by the behaviors of licensed incumbents. The cognitive system must vacate the channel within moving time whenever the licensed incumbents re-occupy that channel, in order to reduce the interference to the licensed system. Besides, in the licensed system, the channels are used by licensed incumbents independently, therefore, the licensed channels have different occupancy ratio. In this study, we propose an improved mechanism considering the channels characteristics in spectrum allocation. The new method can make use of the spectrum characteristics to maximum the spectrum availability and reduce the probability of drop rate in the cognitive system. Besides, our proposed scheme can guarantee the fairness among multi-cells. Through simulation results, it is shown that the proposed scheme can enhance performance of the cognitive network.


Results are presented on the determination of the initial extinction position and of ψ, for the application of the analytical method. The precision of the method must probably do not be affected by the determination of the initial position wih a smaller number of measurements. Deviations of ψ tend to increase as θ is increased. Based on Δ values, estimatives of ψ are qualitatively equivalent for θ = 15° and θ = 30°, but they are better than those for θ = 45°.


The district is located in central Odisha bound by Boudh, Rayagada, Ganjam, Nayagarh and Kalahandi district. The soil is characteristically red sandy soil of the red laterite group. The soils are generally light textured, porous and acidic in nature, having pH ranging from 5.3 to 6.5. The climate is sub-tropical in nature, characterised by hot and dry summer and dry cold winter. Most of the population of the district is concentrated in rural areas and the economy is mostly based on agriculture and forest produce. Paddy, International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 7 Number 08 (2018) Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas.com


In the digital era like now almost all transactions are done in online. However, information on the results of transactions sent through digital communication channels are very vulnerable to counterfeiting attacks. Therefore, it is made to ensure that the received message information is still intact and genuine. A MAC is a cryptographic algorithm that is suitable and widely used as a solution for such problems even though there are still many tricks that can be used by attackers to find fake messages for deceive other parties. The secure Ok-MAC algorithm developed in this paper is that enhanced MAC uses a message digest based on a hybrid of two existing message digests using just one key. The test results show that for the small-sized message the MAC algorithm Ok-MAC is slightly slower (26.53 ms) than the HMAC-SHA-1 (24.94 ms) and Ok-MAC is expected to validate the integrity and authenticity of the sort message well.


Abstract Sequence stratigraphic analysis subdivides stratal packages into chronostratigraphic units composed of genetically related facies. Sequences are composed of stratal units that develop in response to changes in shelfal accommodation. Carbonate platform successions develop a hierarchy of sequences and cycles ranging from high (10,000 yrs.) to low (10-20 My supersequences) frequency. This stratigraphic hierarchy controls the facies distribution during long-term platform development. Due to the dominant organic origin of carbonate sediments, important differences exist between carbonates and siliciclastics that must be taken into account in a sequence analysis. Eustasy and tectonic subsidence control accommodation, and the health of the "carbonate factory" controls sediment supply. Generally, the bulk of carbonate deposition occurs during sea level highstands. Early marine cementation is not equal for all platforms. Platforms with steep foreslopes or platforms facing restricted basins will have long residence time in an active cementation environment, and are cement-rich. Highly productive platforms facing shallow basins will fill accommodation space rapidly, have a short residence time, and will be cement-poor. In general, sequence boundaries are regional onlap surfaces. Submarine erosional truncation commonly occurs at platform margins and on the slope. Abrupt facies truncation or dislocation is commonly present at sequence boundaries. The degree of subaerial alteration during sequence boundary formation will vary depending on the climate, the original mineralogy of the underlying highstand platform, and time. If the original mineralogy of a carbonate platform is dominantly aragonite and hi-Mg calcite the degree of alteration can be extensive. If the lowstand climate is relatively humid, platform-wide solution occurs that may extend deep into the highstand depending on the magnitude and duration of the sea level fall. If the climate is arid to semi-arid, only relatively minor karstification is predicted to occur. Low-Mg calcite-dominated systems show extensive karstification only during major multi-million year periods of subaerial exposure (i.e., 2nd-order sea level falls). Depositional slope angle and the degree of early cementation play a critical role in the development of carbonate lowstand systems tracts. In-situ, lowstand carbonate platforms and banks can develop in Type-1 sequences (1) in down ramp positions, and (2) on the slope and toe-of-slope of low-angle platforms. Where platform margins are steeper and well-cemented, lowstand deposition is characterized by abundant coarse debris eroded from the platform margin and slope areas. Steep, by-pass margins present a special case, as both transgressive and lowstand sedimentation may develop toe-of-slope onlap geometries. Significant transgressive carbonates will develop where paleoceanographic conditions permit the carbonate "factory" to keep-up with sea level rise. Well-circulated, shallow water conditions over a wide area (i.e., low slope or broad shelf) will allow a significant transgressive systems tract to develop. Integration of seismic, well log, and core data, paleontology, strontium age dating, and velocity analysis enabled construction of a sequence stratigraphic framework for the Gulf of Papua case study area. Rapid subsidence during early foreland development in the Gulf allowed development of thick Miocene carbonate platforms on isolated paleo-highs and hinged to the basin margin. Onlap above and erosional truncation below define sequence boundaries. Pervasive dolomitization and subaerial vuggy to cavernous porosity, extends below sequence boundaries for tens to hundreds of meters. Highstand systems tracts are characterized by mounded to chaotic seismic facies at platform margins. Platform interior seismic facies vary between parallel, concordant and mounded facies. Mounded facies are interpreted to be reefal buildups and parallel facies are interpreted to be flat lying lagoonal sediments. Platform foreslopes have gentle to steep dips depending on platform margin relief at basin margin positions. Lowstand systems tracts are observed at platform margins and comprise in-situ shallow water carbonate platform facies, and allochthonous debris. The Neogene comprises three 2nd-order supersequences, Lower Miocene, upper Lower to Middle Miocene, and Upper Miocene-Recent. These supersequences are divided into six Miocene and two Pliocene 3rd-order sequences. The Lower Miocene 2nd-order sea-level rise, combined with rapid subsidence, initiated platform growth. Reefal platforms kept pace with sea level rise and comprise the bulk of carbonate growth over isolated paleohighs. Although the western basin margin, Borabi platform trend kept pace with subsequent relative rises in sea level, rapid subsidence due to initial thrust sheet loading combined with an early Middle Miocene 2nd-order sea level rise drowned isolated platform growth centers in the Gulf basin area. Later forebulge development in the Middle-Late Miocene resulted in prolonged subaerial exposure of these drowned platforms. Renewed thrust sheet emplacement combined with the 2nd-order eustatic sea level rise during the latest Miocene and early Pliocene, drowned platforms throughout the Gulf and caused a major backstepping of the Borabi trend platforms. During the Pliocene to Recent, rapid influx of siliciclastics from the north and west onlapped and covered most reef platforms and carbonate deposition became restricted to the southern portion of the Borabi trend.


[Ob.jcctive] This study aimed to investigate the spatial-temporal dynamics of Bt toxic protein expression in insect-resistant transgenic cotton and its degradation in soil. [Meth~d] BtcrylAc toxic protein expression in roots, stems and leaves of trans- genic cotton Guoshen GK45 at different developmental stages and the annual aver- age content of BtCrylAc toxin protein in the topsoil, rhizosphere soil and following cotton-growing area were explored and analyzed by using enzyme linked immuno sorbed assay (ELISA). [Result] The content of exogenous BtCrylAc toxin protein de- creased during the growth process of insect-resistant transgenic cotton; to be specif- ic, the content of BtCrylAc toxin protein in cotton stems and leaves decreased more slowly and always maintained a high level, while that in roots decreased rapidly and reached a minimum level to the following plant growth and development stage. BtCrylAc toxin protein was detected in topsoil of both non-transgenic and transgenic cotton-growing areas, and the content of BtCrylAc toxin protein increased in topsoil of following cotton-growing area, which was very low in rhizosphere soil. [Conclusion] Determination of BtcrylAc toxic protein provides scientific basis for the risk assess- ment of the cultivation of genetically modified crops and the safety evaluation of soil ecosystem.


In the current era, tremendous amount of scientific research work is published by thousands of researchers annually. Different methods have been proposed for researcher productivity indexing based on quantity and quality of publications. Unfortunately, none of them considered the variation among the number of citations received by a researcher for his papers. In this paper, a novel method named Variation-Index (v-index) is proposed to handle this issue. It will consider variation in number of citations received by the researcher's publications. V-index considers the consistency in citations of researcher's publication in addition to their number of publications (quantity) and number of citations (quality) for indexing. Experimental results show the effectiveness of our proposed v-index over the existing state of the art indexing methods. This citation variation enhancement is quite general and can be merged in any of the existing indexing measures with ease.


This paper studies the distributed event-triggered model predictive control (DMPC) problem of coupled nonlinear systems with constraints. A novel event-triggered DMPC algorithm is proposed by desig...


A 38-year-old black female with eczema presented with nausea and 8/10 chest pain. Past medical history included 15-years of eczema and temporal artery epithelioid hemangioendothelioma. Exam reveale...


ABSTRACT A heretofore undefined geologic phenomenon recently was observed in the middle of the great Sahara of North Africa. Rarely the upper surfaces of certain dense, siliceous pebbles exhibited a thin, colorless, transparent, highly lustrous coating herein given the name "desert glaze." In petrographic thin sections the glaze ranged up to 0.01 mm in thickness. Desert glaze is believed to be derived from its host rock by the action of dew repeatedly dissolving minute quantities of silica and depositing them upon evaporation.


. The government data opening which relies on central platform has the problem of excessive centralization. The blockchain technology with four-layer mechanisms such as communication, storage, security, and consensus has the characteristics of decentralization, which is in contradiction with the inherent characteristics of government data opening. However, this technology has great application prospects in solving the problem of government data opening. Specif-ically, blockchain technology can connect data between multiple nodes, ensure data circulation, overcome central platform's single point of failure and the limitations of bureaucracy, prompt government to transform its functions and provide opportunities for different entities to participate in data opening.


Inflation followed a strikingly uniform pattern in all countries of the Middle East, North Africa, and Central Asia during the period 1996-2009, falling until about 2000 and then rising. International fuel prices do not help explain this pattern. This conclusion is robust even when different cross sections of countries are tested or when different regression variables are included. The pattern of inflation is explained mainly by past inflation, the strength of the US dollar, US inflation, and - depending on the subset of countries analyzed - monetary and exchange rate policies and nonfuel commodity prices.


The authors propose and empirically evaluate a new hybrid estimation approach that integrates choice-based conjoint with repeated purchase data for a dense consumer panel, and they show that it increases the accuracy of conjoint predictions for actual purchases observed months later. The key innovation lies in combining conjoint data with a long and detailed panel of actual choices for a random sample of the target population. By linking the actual purchase and conjoint data, researchers can estimate preferences for attributes not yet present in the marketplace, while also addressing many of the key limitations of conjoint analysis, including sample selection and contextual differences. Counterfactual product and pricing exercises illustrate the managerial relevance of the approach.


This study broadly considers the relationship between performance measurement systems (PMS) and environmental strategy. In particular, it examines developments in the carbon reduction strategy and PMS subsequent to the case organisation's enrolment into CEMARS – an external carbon reporting scheme. Using data collected via interviews, public seminars and document analysis, this study shows that developments in carbon reduction strategy and the carbon related performance measures are mutually constitutive and impact one another. The case findings show how increasing sophistication of the PMS facilitated refinements to carbon reduction strategy, which necessitated further changes in the PMS. Additionally, the CEMARS measures were integrated into decision making processes alongside existing PMS measures, thus enhancing the sophistication of the PMS and revealing integration as an additional factor impacting PMS use. The research contributes to the strategy-PMS literature by elaborating on the dynamic nature of this relationship over time. Moreover, the findings suggest practitioners seeking to develop and implement carbon reduction strategies will need to supplement the systems for external emissions reporting with systems for carbon emissions management.


Abstract. The characteristics and intensity of winter phytoplankton blooms in the open South Adriatic (OSA) were investigated by combining data on abundance and satellite-derived surface chlorophyll (1995–2012). Particular attention was paid to the different circulation regimes in the Ionian Sea, namely the anticyclonic and cyclonic Northern Ionian Gyres (NIG), both of which influence the physical and biochemical properties of the South Adriatic. Relatively high winter production was evident during both. Contrary to nutrient-poor cyclonic years, in nutrient-rich anticyclonic years, shallow vertical mixing is sufficient for enrichment of euphotic layers and bloom development. Moreover, intense blooms have occurred under certain hydroclimatic conditions: the East Mediterranean Transient (EMT), extreme winters, and reversal years that switch between anticyclonic and cyclonic circulation. Winter phytoplankton bloom in February 1995, with microphytoplankton abundance exceeding 105 cells L −1 , was related to the phenomenon of EMT which produced dramatic changes in the East Mediterranean basin-wide circulation patterns. Dominance of a microphytoplankton species uncommonly encountered in the OSA may be related to strong inflow of Atlantic Water (AW) into the Adriatic during EMT and anticyclonic circulation in the NIG.


Scaling by 3-D integration of various heterogeneous components enables miniaturized systems. However, the heterogeneous system integration is challenging due to the dissimilarities in materials and process used in fabrication of individual components. In this paper, we demonstrate a simple 3-D integration method for miniaturization of systems. Various components of the system were stacked using SU-8-based planarization and epoxy-based bonding. Spacer dielectric (SU-8) was patterned using photolithography for the formation of interconnect vias. Electrical interconnects over the large topography between the layers was formed by the screen printing of silver nanoparticle epoxy. Using this integration technique, we demonstrate a fluorescence-sensing platform consisting of a silicon photodetector, plastic optical filters, commercial LED, and a glass microheater chip. This paper resolves several fabrication challenges of planarization, stacking, and interconnection of these divergent chips. For example, the process incompatibility of the plastic optical filters was resolved by additional passivation using parylene-C. The functionality of the demonstrated system is verified by detecting the fluorescence property of Rhodamine B and Rhodamine 6G dyes. Rhodamine B's sensitivity to temperature was also demonstrated using the on-chip microheater. This process flow can be scaled to stack a larger number of layers for demonstrations of more complicated systems with enhanced functionality and applications. [2018–0064]


Twenty seven trace elements (Li, Mg, Al, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Se, Rb, Sr, Mo, Ag, Cd, In, Sn, Sb, Cs, Ba, Tl, Hg, Pb, Bi) and stable isotope ratios (δ13C and δ15N) were measured in deep sea organisms from OffSanninn and Off-Hokuriku, Japan to evaluate the trophic transfer of these elements. Concentrations of Al, Fe, In, Sb and Ba were positively correlated with δ15N values suggesting that these elements were plausibly bioaccumulated through food web in the Off-Sanninn region. On the other hand, negative correlation between trace element concentrations and δ15N values was not observed in the present study. This is an opposite trend compared with the previous studies in which many trace elements showed negative correlation with δ15N values in Sagami Bay and Tohoku Bay. When only crustacean species were considered, concentrations of Al, V, Fe, Co, Mo, Ag, Sb and Pb were positively correlated with δ15N values. This result suggests positively correlated with δ15N values. This result suggests that these heavy metals are bioaccumulated through food web in crustacean species in both Off-Sanninn and Off-Hokuriku. Our results suggest possible ecotoxicological risk by these heavy metals with their increasing discharge to the marine environment.


The understanding on the plant genome is accelerated with the fast advance of molecular biological techniques. The molecular dissecting of the plant genome has made possible the precise genotyping the plants, which can be utilized for molecular breeding program. As well, the molecular cloning of genes interested can facilitate the process of gene transfer between intra-and inter-generic taxa. Moreover, the manipulation of the agronomically important QTL genes, which can be rarely performed by the conventional genetic methods, is also possible by the utilization of molecular markers. In addition to these genetical applications, molecular markers are useful in the areas of plant taxonomy and management of germplasm by fingerprinting analysis. This paper describes the theoretical aspects marker technologies and practical applications of each marker technique.


The aim of this study is to focus on the similarities and differences between two European feminist federations that emerged under the impulse of the International Council of Women: the Conseil National des Femmes Françaises (National Council of French Women), formed in Paris in 1901, and the Conselho Nacional das Mulheres Portuguesas, CNMP (National Council of Portuguese Women) established in Lisbon in 1914. In the panorama of women's associativism in France and Portugal, these two federations had the longest lives. Their leaders came from an urban women's elite and their charismatic personalities secured the longevity of their time in office. Another similarity between the councils was that they adopted a reformist strategy but in a different context: the Third Republic in France and the Republic for the first one-third of the Conselho Nacional das Mulheres Portuguesas's existence with the remaining almost two-thirds under a military dictatorship followed by Salazarism.


Following the approach of Solano et al (2003 Phys. Rev. Lett. 90 027903) we propose a scheme for a generation of a few classes of entangled (nonlinear) coherent states. To achieve this purpose, the interaction of a spatially narrow collection of two-level atoms with a quantized field in a high-Q factor cavity in the presence of a strong-driving classical field is studied. We perform appropriate Hamiltonians describing the atom-field interaction by focusing on two particular forms of intensity-dependent functions which are directly related to su(1, 1) and su(2) Lie algebras. It is shown that the dynamical evolution of the considered systems can generate bipartite, tripartite (nonlinear) and more complicated entangled states corresponding to the mentioned groups depending on the number of atoms in the cavity. In the processes of the abovementioned generation schemes, even and odd nonlinear coherent states are produced. In the end, in a particular circumstance with the two-mode quantized field we can turn easily from Jaynes–Cummings to anti-Jaynes–Cummings interactions which brings us to the maximally entangled number state. Finally, to quantify the degree of entanglement of the produced states, the measures of von Neumann and linear entropies are applied.


Due to the diffusion of mobile devices, more and more people access e-learning platforms from mobile phones. Students learn from digital books and have access to information anytime and anywhere. However, with billions of mobile users worldwide, as well as billions of under-protected Internet of Things (IoT) devices, the risk of being the target of malware, cybercrime and sophisticated attacks is high. This paper proposes and discusses a set of visualization techniques applied to a dataset generated by DREBIN, a malware detection tool that performs a static analysis on apps installed to Android devices. On the base of dataset, we applied text, tree and graph visualization techniques to identify malware patterns. The visual findings can help the cybersecurity analyst in detecting malicious app behavior.


AIDS researchers at the Institute of Human Virology (IHV), MD, USA, have designed a candidate vaccine that demonstrates the ability to elicit antibodies against multiple HIV strains. This development in the quest to develop an effective HIV vaccine is reported in the August 2002 issue of US Proceedings in the National Academy of Sciences by Timothy Fouts and colleagues at the IHV. "In several animals, including monkeys, we were able to generate neutralizing antibodies that are not type-specific but broadly cover various types of HIV," said Robert Gallo, Director of the IHV. A major challenge faced by researchers in developing an effective AIDS vaccine is the existence of multiple strains of the HIV virus. The surface of the HIV virus is coated with the envelope protein gp120, which varies between strains. Therefore, it has proven difficult to find a single vaccine component that is able to generate antibodies that recognize the many forms of gp120. To overcome this obstacle, researchers at the IHV approached the problem by acknowledging that all gp120 molecules have a common characteristic that allows all strains of HIV bind to CD4. "When HIV infects a cell, gp120 latches on to CD4, it changes shape when it does that," said Gallo. Utilizing this characteristic, the team at IHV produced artificial gp120–CD4 constructs, cross-linked together. Tests in which macaque monkeys were inoculated with the gp120–CD4 complexes, successfully resulted in the generation of antibodies capable of neutralizing most strains of HIV, including HIV-A, -B, -C, -D and E. In order to ensure protection of large populations of individuals at risk from infection by HIV, a candidate vaccine needs to be effective against the numerous strains of the virus. Whilst the HIV-B subtype is commonly found in Europe, the Americas and Japan, those areas hardest hit by the epidemic – Africa and Asia – tend to demonstrate infection by the A, C, D and E subtypes. "The gp120–CD4 complex has shown a consistent ability to generate antibodies that neutralize a wide range of HIV-1 isolates. The preliminary findings indicate the gp120–CD4 complex might serve as a useful model for HIV vaccine development," said Anthony Devico, IHV "While advances in therapeutics are helping many with the disease live longer and healthier lives, most of the world lacks these resources and our best bet to stop the AIDS epidemic is a vaccine. We hope this will become an effective tool toward that global goal," said Lewis. Although the gp120–CD4 vaccine is designed as a prophylactic measure, the complex may also have the potential to be employed as a therapeutic vaccine.


Language transfer is a non-linear,dynamic and evolutional complexity system which views the process of language transfer as the generation based on the cause-effect determinacy,the random indeterminacy and the agentive intentionality. Therefore,language transfer can be defined as follows: a learner makes good use of the agentive intentionality as the general principle to modify and recognize the relationships between the target language and the source language or the acquired knowledge in his brain by means of IF-THEN rules,in order to reduce the frequency of the random indeterminacy in the process of transfer. In a sense,negative transfer can be reduced while positive transfer be increased.


Genome maintenance mechanisms actively suppress genetic instability associated withcancer and aging. Some viruses provoke genetic instability by subverting the host's controlof genome maintenance. Viruses have their own specialized strategies for genome main-tenance, which can mimic and modify host cell processes. Here, we review some of thecommon features of genome maintenance utilized by viruses and host chromosomes,with a particular focus on terminal repeat (TR) elements. The TRs of cellular chromo-somes, better known as telomeres, have well-established roles in cellular chromosomestability. Cellular telomeres are themselves maintained by viral-like mechanisms, includingself-propagation by reverse transcription, recombination, and retrotransposition. Viral TRelements, like cellular telomeres, are essential for viral genome stability and propagation.We review the structure and function of viral repeat elements and discuss how they mayshare telomere-like structures and genome protection functions. We consider how viralinfections modulate telomere regulatory factors for viral repurposing and can alter normalhost telomere structure and chromosome stability. Understanding the common strate-gies of viral and cellular genome maintenance may provide new insights into viral–hostinteractions and the mechanisms driving genetic instability in cancer.


The present invention provides a method of prediction of the flow front of the transfer molding resin based on non-isothermal surface model, comprising the steps of: (1) constructed by a mesh control node in a three-dimensional surface of the cavity volume; (2) set molding parameters; (3) setting material parameters; (4) calculate the resin flow pressure and velocity; (5) calculates a resin curing reaction; (6) calculated temperature of the resin and fiber reinforcement; and (7) update the flow front and material properties, determines the time step length; (8) determining whether the cavity is filled, if the mold cavity has been filled up, the process proceeds to step (9), otherwise go to step (5); (9) the predicted distribution of dry spots. The present invention is based on a three-dimensional network structure of the surface of the control volume and controlling the volume using the finite element method, the calculation considered the change in the thickness direction viscosity, velocity, temperature, curing degree and its effect on the calculated pressure field can be more accurately predicted transfer profile molding resin flow front and a variety of physical fields.


The objective of this essay is to examine the awareness of socio-political issues found in Indonesian Art and the presence of such awareness across New Art Movements continuing all the way to the present in Indonesian visuar art works. For this puprose, the essay studies the phenomenon of art work topicalizating or visualizating sociopolitical issues within contemporary art's second development in today's Indonesia. Jim Supangkat claims that the phenomenon occurs because these Indonesian artists are of the generation that went through a turbulent period time in the region. However, this attribute is not limited to the present but seen as a characteristic of Indonesia's modernization process in general. Through the activities of PERSAGI and GSRB, important New Art Movements in the modernization of the country, this essay will tell that such attribute is a regional quality prevalent in all modern art of Indonesia.


A Research Project Report by Mwangi Michael, Submitted to the Chandaria School of Business in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement for the Degree of Master in Business Administration.


The present invention relates to a liquid material discharge device, and can correspond to liquid material of different viscosity, the horizontal direction of the plunger forward and backward direction and the structure the device does not unnecessarily protrude, or wider, the liquid material discharge device which allows connecting and a plurality of devices to provide to a challenge. The present invention, the liquid material is supplied to the liquid material supply port, and the liquid material is discharged nozzle, which material is discharged liquid filling the metering orifice and the liquid material supply port communicate with the valve block including a liquid material supply flow passage which, the metering holes and the liquid material supply passage communicating a first operating the flow path and the metering orifice and the transition to a second flow passage communicating the nozzle valve and, with the plunger to advance and retreat movement within the metering hole, the plunger driving unit, and a switching valve for driving the plunger to the valve drive and, It provides a liquid material discharge device according to a liquid material discharge device which is composed of a transmission for transmitting the driving of the valve driving section to the selector valve, wherein the plunger driving section, the valve driving unit and the valve block extending in the longitudinal direction.


Aims 'STOMP stands for stopping over medication of people with a learning disability, autism or both with psychotropic medicines. It is a national project involving many different organizations which are helping to stop the over use of these medicines. STOMP is about helping people to stay well and have a good quality of life'. Our aim was to reduce the percentage of psychotropic burden on the LD and/or autism caseload in Tower Hamlets. Methods We reviewed the internal LD caseload that fit STOMP eligibility criteria (prescribed antipsychotics without an indicated mental health diagnosis). We calculated the% of BNF maximum dose for individual service users, aimed to reduced this, and reviewing the cumulative dose reduction achieved across the service, before and after an intervention. The primary intervention was the introduction of a pharmacy led clinic for service users meeting the criteria. This allowed closer f/u from LD pharmacist, thorough medication histories independent of their routine psychiatric reviews, and using GASS and BAI scales to quantify change achieved to their quality of life. We used early and rigourous people participation to consider the role medications (and their overprescription) in service users quality of life, and asked what service users want out of these medication reviews. Several focus groups were ran without People Participation Lead. Results Prior to starting of clinic - Of 29 STOMP eligible patients within TH CLDS, we have reduced antipsychotics in 8 of them through general raising awareness of STOMP (presentations to staff, reviews of GP letters to identify service users within the caseload who are likely to benefit and/or be receptive to dose reductions etc). So far total reduction of 45.4%, (and a total of three patients have been stopped all together). Conclusion The majority of the results and intervention are yet to be collated, and we are collecting these over the next 2 months, but provisionally we hope to conclude that by reducing the quantity of psychotropic medication we prescribe will improve the quality of life for our service users


Retroreflective pavement markers (RPMs) supplement or substitute for pavement markings and provide superior visibility during wet nights when the visibility of most pavement markings is significantly reduced. Many state and local agencies in the United States install and maintain RPMs even though they are not required to use them by the Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices. A lack of visual performance criterion for in-service RPMs results in non-uniform installation and maintenance of RPMs from agency to agency. There is a need to better establish guidance on the visual performance of RPMs. This paper develops a visibility level (VL) model to assess the visibility of RPMs, based on drivers' visual demands. After validating the VL model for RPMs, the impacts of retroreflectivity, spacing, number of RPMs, glare, and driving speed on the visibility of RPMs are explored using the VL model. The study results not only confirm the superior visual performance of RPMs over pavement markings but also suggest the RPM performance criteria including placement criteria and minimum luminance/retroreflectivity levels.


The unique microgravity environment of the International Space Station (ISS) poses dangers to crew and equipment that are not present here on Earth. This paper reviews these hazards, and outlines the methodology followed to assess the electrical and EMC risks present within the ISS and inherent in the experiments uploaded to the Station, and identifies the means to control critical and catastrophic hazards.


Urbanization leads to motorised transport in both, developed and developing countries. Particularly, in developing countries motorised transport has become primarily cause of negative health impacts such as air pollution, noise pollution, traffic accidents etc. Several studies illustrate that private vehicle use causes negative health impacts while public transport use has less negative health impacts and active transport use even supports human health. Therefore, influencing mode choice behaviour plays a pivotal role to change health impacts of transport. To pursue this objective, this study is carried out in two phases. In the first phase, a state-of-the-art mode choice model is developed, which analyses the change of mode choice behaviour. In the second phase, consideration of health impacts in transport demand management aims at influencing mode choice behaviour of travellers.
There are several studies on developing mode choice models which are based on an analysis of mode choice behaviour. However, there is a lack of research which considers health impact awareness as an influencing factor in the mode choice model. Filling this gap, this study reviews the state of development in transport demand modelling, then proposing a model development process. Applying this process, a transport mode choice model with consideration of health impact awareness is developed.
Experience from developed countries such as European countries, the United States of America, Australia, Singapore and other countries illustrates that transport demand management is effective in changing traveller's behaviour. The change of mode choice behaviour has helped to reduce negative health impacts of transport in developed countries, already. Following the experience of developed countries, the state of development in transport demand management with consideration of health impacts is reviewed. From that, the lists of transport demand management measures are collected. Finally, the German method to develop transport demand management strategies is explained.
The newly developed mode choice model is applied for the case study of Hanoi, Vietnam. For this city, the traffic situation, the transport planning strategies and the health impact problems are explained. The results of the model application confirm that mode choice behaviour of travellers is affected by seven explanatory variables and five latent variables. It is demonstrated that health impact awareness influences mode choice behaviour significantly. Corresponding to the identified health problems, transport demand management measures are selected. These measures were combined to strategies for the case of Hanoi, following the German method to develop transport demand management strategies. Based on results from the mode choice model, this study finally simulates the change of mode choice behaviour in some scenarios of transport demand management measures and strategies, thereby, demonstrating the effectiveness of this approach.
In summary, this study enriches research on health impacts of transport in developing countries. The results show that novel factor health impact awareness is a significant influence on mode choice behaviour. The results also reveal that transport demand management is feasible to be applied for the case study of developing countries. The implementation of transport demand management is effective to reduce negative health impacts from transport and to support human health.


Preachers, was understood more as a model of the apostolic life. Dominican writings (for instance, their exempla, vitae, letters, and theological works) and their adherence to the Rule of Augustine (Dominic never wrote a rule) indicate how the emphasis upon apostolic poverty and preaching was not focused on the person of Dominic, but in the broader ideals of the order. Although rare, some comparisons between Dominic and Jesus do exist. The primary story that emerges in texts and art deals with Dominic emulating Jesus' feeding of the multitudes. The standard Dominican explication of this comparison, however, did not accentuate an imitatio Christi, but the apostolic life. Dominicans are told that they can rest assured that in their poverty, or faithfulness to the apostolic ideal, Jesus will always provide for their health by offering them physical bread for their bodies and eucharistic bread for their souls. The focus on the apostolic life likewise suggests that the Dominicans were very Christ-centered, albeit in a different way than the Franciscans. When one considers that the Dominicans were the Order of Preachers, who were dedicated to interpreting the gospel of Jesus Christ for the masses, this fact should not be surprising. Dominic himself is known to have carried the Gospel of Matthew with him. And therefore, at a fundamental level the Dominicans were always Christocentric. One of the more interesting points made in this volume is that the Dominican focus upon Christ is often accompanied by an equal emphasis upon the Virgin Mary. Paulmier-Foucart and Nadeau note that Vincent of Beauvais's Speculum historale "allocates to the Virgin Mary as much material as it does to her son." They go on to suggest that "this reciprocity mirrors the spirituality of the common folk" and "popular spirituality" of the day (116). The work of Thomas Aquinas, which appropriately has a central place in this collection, indicates that he "speaks explicitly about his Order in only a few places" and "he never mentions the founder's name" (256). Rather he concerned himself with fighting for the legitimacy of evangelical poverty as a Christian way of life and in making sure that this type of poverty did not exclude ordinary Christians (which included bishops, monks, and nuns) from access to spiritual perfection. The bulk of the reflections of Thomas on Christ are theological, and Joseph Wawrykow does a nice job of employing a detailed literary analysis to explicate Wisdom in the Christology of Aquinas. In the end this volume helps the modern reader to correct some widely held misconceptions about medieval Dominicans. Emery and Wawrykow's work admirably succeeds in accomplishing its goal of shedding new light on old, but central, topics of concern for medieval studies.


Abstract The aim of this article is to develop a representation theory of interval-valued Łukasiewicz–Moisil algebras; the concept of interval fuzzy sets involves the role that the notion of field of sets plays for the representation of Boolean algebras. This theory provides both a semantic interpretation of a Łukasiewicz interval-valued logic and a logical basis for the interval fuzzy sets theory.


This manual is the reference book for the ValueLinks methodology. ValueLinks is the name given to a systematic compilation of action-oriented methods for promoting economic development with a value chain perspective. It provides essential know-how on ways to enhance employment and the business income of micro and small-sized enterprises and farmers by promoting the value chains they are operating in. The ValueLinks manual is intended for use by development projects or by public agencies promoting specific agribusiness, handicraft or manufacturing sub-sectors of the economy. It has no specific sectoral focus. However, the emphasis is on those product markets that offer opportunities for the poor. The ValueLinks manual is one of several knowledge products that use the ValueLinks methodology. The ValueLinks training seminars for professional staff of public agencies and development programmes comprise an important instrument for sharing know-how, and are given by recognised ValueLinks trainers.


Aerial images are often plagued by background interference, and small targets with indistinct features, leading to low accuracy, high false detection rates, and high miss detection rates. To address these challenges, a small target detection algorithm based on YOLOv5, Coordinate-attention and Bidirectional-feature-pyramid-network YOLOv5 (CB-YOLOv5), is proposed in this paper. Considering the small number of pixels occupied by small targets and their indistinct features, a fourth target detection layer is added by concatenating the feature map from quadruple down-sampling during feature extraction with the feature map output from 8-fold up-sampling during feature fusion. Additionally, a coordinate attention mechanism is introduced during the feature extraction stage to improve small target localization and enhance detection accuracy. Finally, the original Path Aggregation Networks (PANet) structure is replaced with a weighted Bidirectional Feature Pyramid Network (BiFPN) structure during the feature fusion stage to improve the network's ability to fuse feature maps of different scales. The simulation results demonstrate that the CB-YOLOv5 improves mAP50 by 9.4%, mAP75 by 9.7%, and mAP50:95 by 7.8% compared to the original YOLOv5s model. Thus, the effectiveness of the CB-YOLOv5 algorithm for detecting small targets in aerial images is validated.


The pneumococcal conjugate vaccine now given to infants reduces nasopharyngeal carriage of the included serotypes in immunized individuals, and studies


The subsurface is and has always been essential to human survival and development. Apart from transport (tunnels) and extraction (mines), the subsurface hosts a myriad of human activities. Increasing land pressures inevitably drives us toward a more intensive use of the subsurface. Sustainable use and management of the subsurface requires forward thinking and planning based on proper geological data. Inadequate legislation and lack of long-term vision together with reluctant public perception still hamper such underground development.


One kind of running gear and a suitable method of operation of the running gear. Walking device is adapted to travel on a substrate is provided with a base station, comprising: a housing; a movement module provided in the housing, a sensing module and a processor. When the processor is operating in the operation mode, determines the travel path of the housing away from the base station, and is adjusted according to the travel path of the housing sensing module detects the position of the obstacle; return mode when the processor operates in the housing line through portions of the substrate area into a plurality of blocks, and determines whether the current block is located, the base station where the obstacle located block and the block traveling apparatus, and a set of blocks other than those of the preceding obstacle is formed block a return path, return path wherein the first block means currently located is traveling block, the block is the end block where the base station.


The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship between limited codes and Petri nets. For a given Petri net with an initial marking $\mu$ , we can naturally define an automaton $A$ which has the initial marking $\mu$ as an initial state, the reachability set $Re(\mu)$ as a set of states, and the set of transitions as a set of inputs. We can define prefix codes by considering the set of firing sequences which arrive $\mathrm{h}\mathrm{o}\mathrm{m}$ the positive initial marking of a Petri net to a certain subset of the reachability set $[10,12]$ . The set $M$ of all positive firing sequences which start kom the positive initial marking $\mu$ of a Petri net and reach $\mu$ itself forms a pure monoid. Our main interest is in the base $D$ of $M$ . The family of pure monoids contains the family of very pure monoids, and the base of a very pure monoid is a circular code. Therefore, we can expect that $D$ may be a circular code. Here, for "small" Petri nets, we discuss under what conditions $D$ is circular.


Aqueous zinc-ion battery (AZIB) is one of the promising choices for the future large-scale grid energy storage, in which Mn-based cathode materials have the advantages of low cost and environmental friendliness. However, their capacity delivery and cycling stability are limited by the large bulk-induced incomplete zincation and structure pulverization. Here we construct a strategy of epitaxial polymerization in liquid phase to fabricate two-dimensional (2D) MnOx/polypyrrole nanosheets to enhance the zinc-ion storage by realizing the efficient utilization of active material and improving the structural stability via polymerized framework. An ultrahigh capacity of 408 mAh g-1 is demonstrated at 1C rate, and an excellent capacity retention of 78% is realized after 2800 cycles at 5C rate for AZIB. Electrochemical and morphological characterizations reveal that the unique 2D structure contributes to both the electron/ion conductivity and structural stability. The epitaxial polymerization of conducting polymer in liquid phase provides a new perspective to the synthesis of high-performance electrode materials and 2D conducting polymers.


The 600 MeV proton-induced fission process of Ce and Yb has been investigated with the double-kinetic-energy method. Mass distributions of these and other medium-heavy and light nuclei are compared to predictions of macroscopic models. No sign of the Businaro-Gallone point, below which the saddle point becomes unstable towards mass asymmetric deformations, is observed. For Ce a stable asymmetric mass distribution is found which may be explained in terms of shell structure effects.


Rajasthan is endowed with different topographic characters. In northwest part of the state, the Thar desert lies, where extreme condition like scarcity of water, low rainfall, high temperature fluctuations, dust storms, poor vegetation and animal life prevail. In the adverse conditions of desert water is the most important limiting factor for existence and distribution of biotic communities. In the Indian desert fewer but varied bodies of water are present in the form of ponds, tanks, reservoirs, tanka, naadis, johra, beri and bawari and few perennial lakes etc. The present study was carried out during September 2012 to February 2013 to investigate the diversity and population density of Zooplankton at 'Sethani ka Johra' in Churu district (27 0 24'N to 29 0 00' N latitude and 73 0 40'E to 75 0 41'E longitude). Physical – Chemical limnology of the studied biotopes revealed that the pond was shallow with turbid, alkaline, hard, slightly saline and well oxygenated water. The zooplankton fauna was represented by Protozoans, Rotifers and Arthropods. Protozoans include thirteen species belonging to two classes- Mastigophora and Ciliata. Rotifers represented by eight species. Arthropods were represented by two classes – Crustacea and Insecta. Crustacea includes eight species belonging to three orders – Ostracoda, Cladocera and Copepoda. Nauplii, the larval forms of many Crustaceans, occurred in pond during the study period. Aquatic insects include ten species belonging to two orders - Coleoptera and Hemiptera. Order Diptera and Odonata were represented only by larval forms.


Agricultural technology opens great opportunities of increasing food grain production in land scarce countries. But questions are raised about the potential adverse or favourable impact of new technology on economic conditions of the poor. This study is aimed at contributing to the debate about the relative importance of "direct effects" of agricultural technology adoption in poverty alleviation strategies. It does so through an empirical investigation of the relationship between technological change, of the Green Revolution type, and wellbeing of smallholder farm households in two rural Bangladeshi regions. The paper tackles a methodological issue in assessing the "causal effect" of technological change on farm-household wellbeing through the non-parametric p-score matching analysis. It pursues a targeted evaluation of whether adopting a modern seed technology causes resource-poor farmers to improve their income and decrease the propensity to fall below the poverty line. It finds a robust and positive effect of agricultural technology adoption on farm household wellbeing suggesting that there is a large scope for enhancing the role of agricultural technology in "directly" contributing to poverty alleviation.


ABSTRACT This article examines the extent to which the Canadian International Development Agency (CIDA) has followed up on the Auditor General's 1993 Report on CIDA recommending that the Agency start implementing results-based management (RBM). In order to verify to what extent and how the Auditor General's recommendation have been followed, the author examined the degree of comprehension of RBM within CIDA, the conformity of results with the principles, the values and vision of the Agency, the degree of commitment in implementation and the difficulties and obstacles encoutltered. The results indicate undisputable progress in results-based management at CIDA but this progress was not made easily and has required important efforts and resources.


This work presents the results of the Bond work index in a ball mill on samples of carbonate mineral raw material (chalk) of the site Spasina Brdjani. Determination of the Bond Work Index was carried out on total of six samples of chalk from different exploration drill holes, as well as two samples of chalk from the exploration trenches. Comparing the results, it was found that in most cases the value of the Bond Work Index is between 2 and 3 Deviations, which means slightly higher values of Bond work index, were achieved in samples where the presence of alevrolyte interlayers was observed as well as a large concentration of calcified fossils. Very low value of the Bond Work Index 1,520 kWh/t was determined in chalk samples with high content of soft silty clayey component.


Abstract The mapping of the existing ancient terrace of Bengawan Solo (Bengawan means big river) is the preliminary geo-archaeological research conducted in several sites in  Bojonegoro region of East Java. The subject found in these ancient terraces were the findings of several Paleolithic tools and vertebrate fossils. Therefore, the aim of the study was to find out the extension of the terrace and to provide a guidance for archaeologists in searching the remains of ancient human culture such as Paleolithic tools and vertebrate fossils. On behalf of the study, firstly the geological mapping was conducted in the studied area and were also to describe the sediment profile and to collect sediment samples (including vertebrate fossils) and also for sedimentary and chemical analysis. In the area studied there were three ancient terraces which were known as,  Menden, Jipangulu and Ngandong. Menden terrace (sub-Recent) was exposed at Payaman, Jipangulu terrace (Early Holocene) in Prangi and Wotangare, and Ngandong terrace at Prangi and Kedung village (Solo valley). In the context of stratigraphy, the whole ancient terraces were composed of gravel and coarse sand in the lower part to sandy clay in the upper part. This indicated that the whole terraces were formed by the meandering river of ancient Bengawan Solo. The position of those ancient terraces were relative to the position of recent Bengawan Solo is 2-3 m (Menden terrace), 5-7 m (Jipangulu terrace) and more than 8 m in length (Ngandong terrace). Based on this study, the archaeologists should focus on the gravel to coarse sedimentary strata of the quaternary fluvial system on behalf of searching the cultural artifact of paleolithic including the fossilized remains of human and other quaternary vertebrates within the ancient terrace of Bengawan Solo.


Hierarchical AuZn dendrites revealed electrocatalytic properties towards the glucose oxidation and the four-electron O2 reduction. The micro fuel cell using AuZn electrodes generated a power density of 2.07 and 0.29 mW cm(-2) for glucose and human whole blood. The micro film fuel cell implanted into the rat brain produced ∼0.52 V continuously operating for more than 18 days.


The interrelation of the colloquial and newspapers styles is still under study. It is difficult to differentiate these styles because of high percentage of colloquial elements penetrating into the newspaper style. To improve precision of style attribution two new methods have been developed: the complex and multifactor methods. These methods facilitate style attribution. Three models have been build on the bases of the methods applied. The models allow to do style attribution with higher precision. The methods and models have been coded in the Java programming language.