Preparation of a number of uramils and 5-aryldialuric acids from o-substituted anilines is described. Methylation of the uramils gave dimethoxy-N-monomethyl pyrimidine derivatives accompanied by minor amounts of trimethoxy-pyrimidines, and the dialuric acids gave 1,3-dimethylpyrimidines or 5-methoxy-1,3-dimethylbarbituric acids (with an excess of diazomethane). Ring contraction of the 1,3-dimethyldialuric acids gave the isomeric 5-N-methylcarbamoyloxazolidine-2,4-diones. The dialuric acid from dimedone gave a trimethyl derivative (a methoxycyclohexenyl-1,3-dimethyldialuric acid). Anthranilic acid and alloxan in acetic acid gave a benzoxazonespirobarbituric acid, but in aqueous ethanol yielded a dialuric acid which was characterized by conversion into several derivatives. Infrared and N.M.R. data are recorded for the uramils, dialuric acids, and their derivatives.


This work is based on the analysis of war diary from years 1915 – 1918, which was written by czech soldier Jiři Vopařil. The purpose of this work is to assess Vopařil's front experiences and set them in general context of the history of World War I. In the beginning, I describe basic sources and literature and present results of
research on World War I and czech soldier's role in this conflict. In the next chapter, I
review the diary -- the most basic source for this work. In following chapters, I explore
topics like general history of World War I, history and status of garrison town Vysoke
Mýto, and a brief history of Infantry Regiment 98. I dedicate subsequent chapters to
Vopařil's life during military training and his experiences at the russian front from 1916
until 1917, the italian front in 1918 before the end of World War I and, finally, his return
to his nascent country. I also dedicate a chapter to the daily life of soldiers at fronts of
World War I. I summarize these findings in the final chapter.


A Ka-band thin film termination with broadband matching network had been designed by real frequency method.The microwave characteristics of the thin film termination had been simulated and optimized in ADS and HFSS software.The simulation results show that the VSWR of the film termination is less that 1.2 at the frequency range of 32 GHz~40 GHz.The designed termination was fabricated by screen printing method and DC magnetron sputtering.The experimental results show that the VSWR of the fabricated termination is less than 1.3 at the frequency range of 30.3 GHz~37.4 GHz.


Incubation of isolated toad aortas in Ringer solution containing compound 48/80, a Histamine liberator, resulted in marked degranulation of endothelial specific granules.


Because of the scant data about the effect of fasting on the blood glucose (BG) profile in adolescents with type 1 diabetes (T1D), health care providers have been giving conflicting advice about the feasibility of fasting during the month of Ramadan for this group of patients. This study was done in adolescents with T1D to assess the ability and safety of fasting during Ramadan and to monitor the BG profile with a continuous glucose monitor (CGM).

Adolescents with T1D who intended to fast during the month of Ramadan in 2013 were asked to wear a CGM while fasting and to report any episode of severe hypoglycemia or diabetic ketoacidosis or emergency room visit. Pump basal rate was modified according to the eating pattern during Ramadan. The averages of all daily readings were calculated to express the BG values …


One of the characteristic of cancer is new blood vessels formation or angiogenesis. Angiogenesis supplies oxygen and nutrition for cancer cells in order to fulfill their needs to keep growing. So, blockade of angiogenesis is a promising strategy to suppress tumor growth, invasion, and metastasis. Tangeretin and nobiletin which concentrated in the peel of citrus fruit are widely known has anticancer effect. In this study, the antiangiogenic effect of ethanol extract from the Citrus reticulata peel was determined. The CAM (Chorio Allantoic Membrane) methods was used for this aim. Eggs at the age of nine days were divided into 7 groups. Two groups are control: paperdisc and bFGF+vehicle. The next five groups are ethanol extract of citrus fuit peel that variate in 5 dossage: 75, 150, 300, 450, dan 600 µg which applicated into paper disc. At the age of twelve, macroscopic and microscopic analysis was done. Macroscopicly, the extract group could inhibit the new blood vessels formation. This fact was supported by microscopic analysis. Based on haematoxylin-eosin staining, macrophage cells in the extract group was less than the bFGF+vehicle group. These two analysis suggest that the ethanol extract of Citrus reticulata peel can perform as antiangiogenic agent.


This paper concerns the time minimum transfer of a satellite between Keplerian elliptic orbits. We study the controllability properties of the system and we make a preliminary analysis of the local time optimal control constructing a nilpotent model. Second order conditions for optimally are given using the concept of conjugate time and the time optimal trajectory to transfer the system from an initial low orbit with large excentricity to a geostationary orbit is obtained numerically.


The clustering problem, and more generally, latent factor discovery --or latent space inference-- is formulated in terms of the Wasserstein barycenter problem from optimal transport. The objective proposed is the maximization of the variability attributable to class, further characterized as the minimization of the variance of the Wasserstein barycenter. Existing theory, which constrains the transport maps to rigid translations, is extended to affine transformations. The resulting non-parametric clustering algorithms include k-means as a special case and exhibit more robust performance. A continuous version of these algorithms discovers continuous latent variables and generalizes principal curves. The strength of these algorithms is demonstrated by tests on both artificial and real-world data sets.


A new digital ideology is being actively introduced into the consciousness of modern society, which determines the direction of sociocultural development of modern society and man, an ideology in which a person, in order to survive must correspond to the techno-environment or as it is called today, is rapidly developing and it is impossible to stop its growth. The term "eco-environment" is actively used by Sber, MTS and other leaders of digitalization. Digitalization gradually leads to the fact that a person as a subject of creative activity "goes into the shadows", becomes "extra" and it is replaced by something else, devoid of creative potency, thing with artificial intelligence. As part of the work presented, we have attempted to address the main problems faced by a person as a subject of creative activity; prospects and contradictions of its development in the conditions of the formation of a digital society.


Abstract The diversity of functions of organic sulfur compounds in the most important fields of silver halide photography is reviewed. While organic sulfur compounds of the lower oxidation states (−2 to 0) are discussed mainly as important ligands for silver ions in all stages of the photographic process, those of the higher oxidation states (+2 to +4) are shown to be useful for modifying the reactivity and physical properties of auxiliary and supplementary components.


The formation history of the refrigeration industry in Russia in the XIX-XX centuries is researched, based on the example of the two major British commercial and industrial firms "Barselman Brothers" and "Vestey Brothers", that participated in the organization of refrigeration industry in the Tambov province in the early ХХ century. It is determined that foreign firms, that founded the organization of refrigeration production in Russia, just a few years managed to overcome the period of the evolution of the company from a trading house to a joint-stock company, which is traditionally held for several decades. The objective is to reveal and analyze the regional features of the refrigerating industry development: the origin terms and the location of warehouses-refrigerators inside the province, the volumes of industrial production, markets of ready-made products. As the sources were used both published and unpublished archival materials. Among them are the All-Russian reference books about firms, collections of factory statistics, address-calendars and reference books, annual reports of the governor. Not published materials of archive funds let reveal regional peculiarities of trade and economic development of Tambov province on the edge of XIX-XX centuries. The conclusion is made that the new Russian refrigeration industry, received recognition both in business and in government circles, was intended to have a major positive impact on economic development both individual regions and the whole country.


The article considers the issues associated with an integrated account of communications (IAC). There are most important activities in the process of collecting reporting information: information content; data flow transformation; inclusion of reporting information into a common information flow of a company and its movement to users; monitoring of reporting achievements. Some methods for building interactive interface with the business users of its financial statements are described. Moreover, mandatory criteria for the classification of interpersonal communications in the process of reporting are given such as participants of an interaction; its frequency and intensity. As a result, there are some main problems associated with these communications listed like distortion of accounting information; complexity of its refl with the help of accounting methods; a priori subjectivity while making professional judgments; duration of fi and management reporting; loss of confi e of the users of fi statements. The paper shows the causes of existing problems and proposes some principles that might be used as a basis of a project design of complex IAC.


Empirical exercises in economics frequently involve estimation of highly nonlinear models. The criterion function may not be globally concave or convex and exhibit many local extrema. Choosing among these local extrema is non-trivial for a variety of reasons. In this paper, we analyze the sensitivity of parameter estimates, and most importantly of economic variables of interest, to both starting values and the type of non-linear optimization algorithm employed. We focus on a class of demand models for differentiated products that have been used extensively in industrial organization, and more recently in public and labor. We find that convergence may occur at a number of local extrema, at saddles and in regions of the objective function where the first-order conditions are not satisfied. We find own- and cross-price elasticities that differ by a factor of over 100 depending on the set of candidate parameter estimates. In an attempt to evaluate the welfare effects of a change in an industry's structure, we undertake a hypothetical merger exercise. Our calculations indicate consumer welfare effects can vary between positive values to negative seventy billion dollars depending on the set of parameter estimates used.


A genetic linkage map of papaya based on 61 randomly amplified polymorphic DNA markers and one morphological marker has been constructed by using a computer program MAPMAKERJEXP. The map is based on a F2 segregating population of a cross between a Hawaiian cultivar Sunrise and Line 356. a disease (papaya ringspot virus) tolerant selection from Florida. The map is comprised of 11 linkage groups covering a total distance of 1000 cM. The sex locus is mapped on linkage group 1, within a marker bracket of 14 cM. Assay for these flanking markers can be used to forecast the sex of the plant at the seedling stage. Analysis of QTLs based on MAPMAKER/QTL reveals the presence of several loci affecting vigor and precocity. With regard to vigor defined as plant height and stem diameter. environmentally sensitive and stable QTLs have been observed. Analysis of growth rates for height and for diameter improved the efficiency of resolving for neighboring peaks in QTL analysis for vigor. The analysis of yield and yield related traits like carpellody. sterility and fruit weight. has indicated the occurrence of multiple QTLs. QTLs affecting carpellody indicate a possible interaction between qualitative and quantitative factors in influencing the phenotype. In the majority of the traits studied. genetic factors with an effect opposite to the overall effect have been detected in parent Line 356. Genetic analysis of different components of papaya ringspot virus tolerance v


Objectives : The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of tooth bleaching agent contained 35% hydrogen peroxide on the color, microhardness and surface roughness of tooth-colored restorative materials. Methods : Four types of tooth-colored restorative materials, including a composite resin(Filtek Z350 ; Z350), a flowable composite resin(Filtek P60 : P60), a compomer(Dyract AP ; DY), and a glass-ionomer cement(KetacTM Molar Easymix ; KM) were used in the study. The specimens() were made by using a customized acrylic mold. Each material was divided into two groups equally(n


The impact of cooperative learning on computer-assisted problem-solving was evaluated by comparing the post-learning performance of three groups of ninth graders. In the cooperative learning condition, students were assigned to learn the program King's Rule in groups of three. In the individual learning condition, subjects were assigned to work on the same program individually. The subjects in the control condition were assigned to study noncomputer mathematics material alone in the library. Subjects were randomly assigned to the three treatment conditions within ability levels: high, medium, and low. Subjects within the three conditions were expected to be equivalent in pre-learning proficiencies on mathematics related problem-solving skills. A comprehensive test involving hypotheses testing of the rules included in the fourth level King's Rule program was administered to all subjects after the learning sessions. A randomized factorial design was used to control pre-existing differences between the three conditions so that valid comparisons of the effectiveness of the cooperative and individual learning could be made. During the learning sessions, observation of subjects' behavior were recorded, and the conversations of cooperative groups were audiotaped. Following the posttest, subjects completed a questionnaire in order to determine other background and attitudinal factors that might have affected their learning. The achievement analysis was based on the number of correct answers on the posttest. Two 3 x 3 two-way and one 3 x 1 one-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) designs were used for the performance analyses. For the individual and control condition, the criterion measure was each individual's test score. For the cooperative condition, the criterion measure was the average of the three members' score within each group. In order to assess the effect of cooperative learning on attitude toward peers, subject matter, learning method, and CAI lessons, non-parametric (X$\sp2$) analyses on the results of the questionnaire were used.
Due to the limitations and constraints encountered, data analysis results indicated that there were no statistically significant student achievement differences among the three experimental conditions. Furthermore, results indicated no significant differences regarding the students' attitudes toward peers, learning method, or the King's Rule program.


According to Standard Model cosmology, the universe experiences accelerating expansion, which creates the need for dark energy models. But I read other possible theories, for example LemaitreTolman-Bondi (LTB) model which suggests that there are large structures (void) which introduce inhomogeneity in the Universe. See for instance: http://arxiv.org/abs/0709.2044. Introduction This article is a summary of discussion in researchgate.net. According to Standard Model cosmology, the universe experiences accelerating expansion, which creates the need for dark energy models. But I read other possible theories, for example Lemaitre-Tolman-Bondi (LTB) model which suggests that there are large structures (void) which introduce inhomogeneity in the Universe. See for instance: http://arxiv.org/abs/0709.2044. Therefore it seems that the homogeneous-isotropic assumption of the Standard Model is questionable. Another possible explanation is Kashlinsky-Tsagas's dark flow model. Basically it says that the observed accelerating expansion is a mere illusion. See http://www.nbcnews.com/id/44690771/ns/technology_and_science-science/t/accelerating-universecould-be-just-illusion/#.U4vYcvFhiK1 Answers [1] Adarsh. M. J. Yeah,i guess the universe is accelerating and most of the proofs point out in the same direction. I guess finding out what exactly banged at the time of big bang might provide the answer. Besides, the "inflationary model", says that the "inflaton field" was responsible for the accelerated expansion of the early universe and dark matter and dark energy hypothesis with all its WIMPS seem to solve atleast a part of the "accelerated expansion" problem, of course we havent detected any of the dark matter or dark energy..... i guess thats why they are named as WIMPS! [2] R. Rakhi Yes. According to observations, viz. Supernova observations, CMBR, BAO etc, the Universe is undergoing accelerated expansion. [3] Vikram Zaveri The attached theory shows that the repulsive gravitational force can exist when total kinetic energy of a system dominates the total potential energy. A gravitational attractive force can exist in a smaller local system in which total potential energy dominates the total kinetic energy. Because the equation is associated with the reversible process, both forces can be described by same equation. The velocity vector in this equation appear in squared form. So if v is positive or negative, the result is the same. The term particle anti-particle has a different definition in this theory than the term matter anti-matter. The former has opposite velocity and the latter has oposite charge as well. The repulsive gravitational force is associated with the accelerated expansion of the universe. This is different than the suspected repulsive gravitational force between matter and anti-matter in other theories. [4] Trevor Bamidele Davies I think the universe is indeed in a state of accelerated expansion as evidenced from Type 1a supernova, CMB, integrated Sachs-Wolf effect and several other observations. For me it is rather a question of whether the whole dark energy thing is a viable explanation or alternatively that the gravitational field equations may need to be modified at super large scales. I tend to lean towards the latter as I do not believe that the gravitational constant G in Einstein's field equations remain constant for all times. In other words, if the mass/ energy density is finite but the size of the universe keeps increasing, then why should we expect the gravitational coupling between matter fields to remain the same? This of course is a consequence of Mach's principle which is curiously absent from GR. [5] Juan Casado A tiny acceleration of the expansion is the best fit to observations. However, these observations could be also compatible with a linear expansion at present, a model supported by an increasing number of papers. See for instance: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/251572020_steady_flow_cosmological_model [6] Michael Peck Victor, I have just submitted an article for peer-review that conclusively rules out cosmological redshift originating from metric expansion. If you want a private copy, feel free to send me a message. For each observation that supports the big bang theory, there are at least two that directly contradict it. These problems have existed for over 40 years and appear to be systematically neglected due to an overreliance on confirmation rather than rigorous attempts at refutation. Concluding remarks This discussion seems to confirm the consensus that there is accelerating expansion in the Universe, although there is also different opinion. However, this consensus may be challenged in the future. Version 1.0: June 10, 2014 VC, email: firstname.lastname@example.com


Abstract:This exploratory, qualitative, multi-case study sought to understand, from the perspective of successful foster alumni college students, the role and influence of family members. Sampling was purposeful; criteria required participants were in out-of-home placement at age 13 or older. Participants included eight successful, self-identified foster alumni students. Five themes emerged as key in shaping participants' success: unique definitions of family, boundary redefinition, historical family influencers, boundary management, and social media as a boundary management tool. Overall, findings revealed that traditional processes need to be reviewed and reconsidered in light of the wide variety of non-traditional supports upon which students depended.


Keywords: ICP-AES; Industrial wastewater; Synchronous determination Introduction Abstract. A method was proposed for the determination of copper, iron, nickel, cobalt, gold and silver in industrial wastewater by ICP-AES. Working conditions of the instrument and selection of analytical spectral lines were tested and optimized. The detection limit was 0.002,0.003,0.002,0.008,0.008,0.002mg/L. The effects of inhalation rate and the spectral intensity in nitric acid, hydrochloric acid, perchloric acid and sulfuric acid solution were tested. Nitrate acid with low viscosity, low surface tension and high atomization efficiency was selected. The accuracy and precision of this method were tested, and the relative error was less than 0.8%, relative standard deviation was less than 5.4%.It was accord with national standard. It proved that the determination of Copper, iron, nickel, cobalt, gold, and silver in industrial wastewater by ICP-AES was feasible.


... I am not as linguistically nimble as I used to be when interviewing various sectors/strata of the community, for I've just blown a gabfest on identity, belonging, and integration at the dentist's through an inability to bridge the gap between the receptionist, a working-class sisterfrom the projects, who came of age in the sixties and speaks in nation-time argot, and the new dental assistant, a more privileged sister currently taking a break from Bryn Mawr, who speaks the lingo of postmodern theory.


This paper describes a major initiative in the Commonwealth of Kentucky to develop a statewide, standards-based, student report card for reporting the learning progress of individual students at all grade levels (K-12). Led by a team of researchers with expertise in grading and reporting, 36 educators from three diverse school districts created two reporting forms: one for elementary and another for secondary level. These reporting forms were piloted by 41 teachers who distributed both the new form and the traditional report card to parents/guardians during the school year. Information gathered through surveys administered to teachers, parents/guardians, and students was used to determine satisfaction with the new forms and to guide revisions. Plans are currently in place to expand applications and professional development, enhance technical support, and establish a basis for statewide implementation.


The influence of the environmental parameters on the traffic noise in the sea is studied with the help of a simplified model based on normal-mode propagation at a single frequency. The results show significant variation of the traffic noise spectrum level among the various seasons of the year. The differences are more pronounced when the bottom consists of soft sediments.


cfout compares the dataset in memory (the master dataset) to a using dataset. It uses unique ID variables to match observations. cfout optionally saves the list of differences to file.


This article presents three different mappings of the regional distribution of theatre in Denmark. Together, the three mappings cover important aspects of a national theatre system: production (subsidy), distribution of performances and theatre consumption. All of them are based on official theatre statistics and should, as such, be considered authoritative credible mappings on which a cultural policy debate on the decentralization of theatre in Denmark could be based. However, the article demonstrates that the three different mappings result in three different results regarding the regional distribution of theatre in Denmark. This adds complexity to the policy debates because no definite conclusions can be made. In addition, the methodological discussion in the article demonstrates that the existing data sets have severe limitations.


In this paper,based on investigations of resources of Idesia polycarpa Maxxim.var.Vestiiita Diels in Chaotian District of Guangyuan City,researches is conducted on ecological and biological peculiarities of Idesia polycarpa and an analysis is made of its distribution regions,the status of its utility,the regularities of its growth and development,the annual output and the oil content of its fruits,and its ecological economic and social benefits.At the same time,by analysing the nitrite content of Idesia polycarpa fruits and the status of biodiesel production,it is thought that extracting biodiesel from its fruits is feasible.


This paper unravels the intimate relationships between culture, tradition and health practices in a tribal society in the Central Himalayas. The Jaunsari tribe which resides in this region is well known for its polyandrous practices. The tra ditional medical system of this region represents a worldview which attempts to be at harmony with natural and supernatural forces and to strike a critical bal ance. Their magico—religious system of medicine deals with all kinds of human suffering—physical, moral and social. Though these healers of the community play caste and gender specific roles, one of their main responsibilities is to bring the suffering individual close to the superhuman forces. It is argued that these tradi tional healers can be major resource persons in providing health services to the local communities.


....................................................................................................................................................... 3 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ...................................................................................................................................... 4 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................................... 7 1.1 PROBLEM FORMULATION .................................................................................................................................... 9 1.2 OVERVIEW OF PREVIOUS WORK AND THESIS CONTRIBUTION ..................................................................................... 9 1.3 THESIS OUTLINE .............................................................................................................................................. 10 LONG TERM EVOLUTION AN INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................ 12 2.1 LTE REL-8 ..................................................................................................................................................... 12 2.2 CELL SPECIFIC REFERENCE SIGNAL (CRS) IN LTE AND ITS SIGNIFICANCE ..................................................................... 17 2.3 TRANSMISSION MODE 4 (TM4) IN LTE .............................................................................................................. 21 2.4 PROS AND CONS OF CRS CONFIGURATIONS IN LTE ................................................................................................ 24 PROPOSED SOLUTIONS FOR SYSTEM PERFORMANCE OPTIMIZATION ........................................................... 31 3.


Masonry walls are subjected to cyclic lateral loads to study damage caused by earthquakes. Imaging techniques are useful to quantify crack networks in such tests, where preferential locations for their initiation are not present. However, detecting small cracks in large structures is challenging. It is shown that finite element (FE)-based digital image correlation (DIC) can detect and quantify cracks by combining optical and mechanical information of a cyclic shear experiment performed on a full-size masonry wall. Pixel-wise gray-level residuals and elementary crack opening displacement fields are the key quantities of the proposed framework. Detection criteria based on standard uncertainties guided the application of new DIC strategies (i.e., mechanical regularization, mesh adaption, and damage). Two damage regimes were quantified. Zigzagged cracks were first formed, for which their opening displacements were on average less than 0.5 mm with very limited damage. They were followed by sliding shear cracks, whose mean opening displacements varied between 1 and 3 mm, and damage developed in a more gradual and extended way. Such rich full-field data set may be used for validating damage models up to full-scale simulations.


PURPOSE: Rudder arrangement for a high speed ship which comprises a cavitation-reducing twisted, in particular balanced rudder is provided to prevent any force from acting on the rudder blade in the lower region created by the propeller flow. CONSTITUTION: A rudder blade(100) comprises two superposed rudder blade sections(10,20) of different heights. A nose strip(11) is deviated toward a portside or a starboard from the center. A nose strip(21) is deviated toward the portside or the starboard from the center. Two arc-shaped sidewalls of the rudder blade are gathered at an end strip facing apart from a propeller.


In September 2015 a new international standard was published that will likely have far reaching impact in the calibration and test world. This standard, ISO 14253-5, is entitled "Geometrical product specifications (GPS) - Inspection by measurement of workpieces and measuring equipment - Part 5: Uncertainty in verification testing of indicating measuring instruments". While this standard was developed by experts in dimensional metrology, the general concepts need to be deeply considered by anybody involved with conformance testing of any type of measuring instrument to stated specifications. This paper begins with a summary of the primary concepts in ISO 14253-5 - the definition of the test measurand and the measurement uncertainty associated with verification testing, which the standard has termed the "test value uncertainty". This standard is the first formal attempt internationally to define the measurand in conformance testing, and the resulting impact to uncertainty can be significant. This paper will then go beyond the scope of ISO 14253-5 and show how the same principles apply to verification testing of material measures (i.e. artifacts and standards). This paper will then carefully analyze the test measurand and discuss the broad and critical ramifications on the definitions and concepts of calibration and verification. This paper will show how many of the generally accepted notions on the differences between calibration and verification should be carefully considered, and possibly reconsidered. It is the purpose of this paper to introduce the important concepts of ISO 14253-5, evaluate the broader impact, and foster further discussion within NCSL International.


Tom, Dan, and I (RCS) thought it would be interesting, historically to look at the differing perspectives on the evaluation and treatment of the dislocated knee, especially with the perspective of a trauma surgeon. We all believe there are many ways to treat knee dislocations, and often the perspective of the sports medicine orthopaedic surgeon will result in a totally different approach to treatment than what is seen from the perspective of the orthopaedic traumatologist. Using my (TAD) 35 years from residency to recent retirement at the University of New Mexico (UNM) gives a great insight to the changes in management of what was once thought a rare event. On a side note, I am happy to announce that although retired, I will continue on at UNM on a part-time basis.


Nitric oxide (NO) has divergent actions under physiological and pathological conditions. NO is rapidly decomposed to nitrite (NO2-) and nitrate (N03-). Since these metabolites are stable, they are good indices of NO production under various conditions. In the present study, we measured N02and N03concentrations in the urine collected from 62 hospital controls and 504 healthy subjects by means of a new HPLC system combined with Griess reaction. NOx was the sum of N02and N03 There was no considerable inter-day variation in urinary NO metabolite levels, and there was close correlation between N02-, N03and NOx values in spot urine obtained in the early morning and those in 24-h stored urine in hospital controls. Urinary NO metabolite levels, which were corrected by creatinine (Cr) excretion and expressed on a logarithmic scale, showed normal distribution and were independent of sex and age in healthy subjects. The normal ranges of urinary NO2-, N03and NOx levels were estimated as 17-72 pmol/g Cr,1,023-2,818 pmol/g Cr, and 1,071-2,951pmol/g Cr, respectively. We also found that urinary NO metabolite levels were lower than normal range in patients with various diseases.


This afternoon w hen the L aw ren tian Editorial Council m eets for its regular weekly session, th e im  portan t issue for dircussion w ill be the Law rentian attitude tow ard ex tracurricu lar activities on this campus. Before the Council for consideration w ill be a form al p ro posal of policy. T hree years ago a committee rep  resenting th e M ethodist Board of Education made a survey of twenty -n ine liberal a r t s c o l l e g e s throughout the country. Lawrence w as one of them. Their report, Which is to be found in th e L ib ra ry. suggested th a t the ex tracu rric u la r list at Lawrence was too large, and it recommended a th o r ough revaluation of those activities. T hat was three years ago. Today th e list is practically the same. A t its last tw o m eetings th e Edi to ria l Council has been chiefly con cerned w ith the policy to be p u r sued in regard to th-^e activities. A s yet the Law rentian has studi ously avoided any stand concerning them other than in the most gen e ra l term s. The stand on the ap propriation of th e A ll College Club w as obviously no a 'tem ot to eval uate th e various activities and or ganizations. As was pointed out editorially (see Law rentian of O ct 30) th e situation was fraught wlti> too m any limitation*. Many of the organizations expecting to receive support from th e fund had already contracted their ye"r's program s on th e basis of the ir Is** y n r 's budg ets. That coupled w l'h the lack of tim e m ade any revaluation of the activities involved out of the ques tion. However, out of the m eeting this afternoon may come the outline of the Law rentian policy in respect to ex tracu rricu lar activities on the campus. The basis for the discus sion w ill be a form al proposal by Addison Sprague, the m em ber of th e Council concerned particularly w ith th is field. Report Not Disclosed A lthough Mr. S pra-ue w ill not disclose w hat trend his report w ill take, he has intim ated that the Edi to ria l Council feels that th e unus ually large num ber of departm ent a l clubs, whose purpose is to sup plem ent the form al class w ork in the language, English, and science departm ents, and the various hon orary societies m ay properly comc In for a thorough investigation. In order to gather inform ation about appropriations and activities of organizations receiving money from the All-College Club ticket, a comm ittee appointed a t th e last m eeting of the Student Senate w ill investigate those organizations. Chick Severson, William Welse, Donald Dickson, M arcella Schaus, Addison Sprague, John Schneider, and Victoria Sinner comprise the comm ittee, w hich w ill report the resu lts of the investigation w ithin a month.


Having studied the application of core strength training in preparing for the 2008 and 2012 Olympic Games,the authors revealed the following findings;1) core strength training for athletes mainly consists of core stability training,joint care training and dedicated core training;2) core stability refers to the ability of core muscle groups to stabilize body postures and centers of gravity as well as to produce and deliver upper and lower limb power under the synergy between the neuromuscular system,bone ligament system and respiration regulation system;3) joint care training refers to conceptions and methods in physical capacity training mainly aimed at preventing the injury of vulnerable parts and weak links;4) core stability and joint care training is the precondition and foundation for dedicated core strength training;5) dedicated core strength training is the essence and key of core strength training,event specific core strength training carried out according to the special needs of event specific motion modes and the characteristics of physical capacity of athletes,i.e.athlete's dynamic stability and powerful waist and hip contraction strength.


Leaching studies were performed to develop a suitable method for extraction of uranium from domestic uranium ores: dictyonemic shales and sandstones. The extracting procedure was composed of successive separation steps: crushing and grinding, acid or alkaline leaching, solid-liquid separation, and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) analyses of post-leaching solutions. The influence of such process parameters as temperature, pressure, particle size of solid material, kind of leaching solution and its concentration, on the recovery efficiency of uranium and accompanying metals were tested. The efficiency of uranium leaching with sulphuric acid solution achieved 81%. Satisfactory results were obtained for the alkaline leaching process. It was found that uranium can be selectively extracted by the alkaline leaching solution. Almost complete extraction of uranium from sandstones was achieved when a mixture of sodium carbonate and sodium hydroxide, with hydrogen peroxide as a leaching solution was used.


SUMMARY Propanidid, an ultra-short-acting, non-barbiturate anaesthetic, was used in 200 patients undergoing a variety of minor surgical procedures and operations. The patients ranged in age from 6 to 85 years. The optimal dosage was 6 mg/kg in women, 7 mg/kg in men, and 7–8 mg/kg in children. The dosage must be greatly reduced in older patients. It was found that, used alone, propanidid provided adequate anaesthesia for the majority of the patients. In 33 cases a second dose of propanidid was required and in 10 patients supplementary nitrous oxide and oxygen had to be administered. The side effects encountered are detailed and the usefulness of the drug in this field is discussed.


The pointing properties of the 2.2 m and the 3.5 m telescopes of Calar Alto Observatory are discussed. An empirical approach for the pointing models was chosen. The procedure for the development of these models is described. As result we get rms-accuracies between 2.6″ and 4.0″ for the Ritchey-Chretien and prime foci observations. The main parameters in the pointing models can be interpreted as encoder alignment errors, alignment errors of the mounting relative to the absolute reference system, and some flexure of the systems. Finally we report on the time dependency of the pointing model and on tests of the tracking accuracy of the 3.5 m telescope


Global Politics and Influences for Change Operating Framework for the Year 2000 The U.S. Joint Strategic Planning Process Military Requirements: A New Approach to Force Development Developing Forces for the Year 2000 Index Bibliography


The spawning period, length and age at tirst maturity of Scomber japonicus were determined from fish measuring 173 to 383 mm, sampled monthly from commercia...


We present a description of the external morphology of the tadpoles of Proceratophrys tupinamba, and provide information on its temporal distribution and microhabitat use. Proceratophrys tupinamba differs from other larvae of species in the genus Proceratophrys described by the tooth row, which is similar to that of P. appendiculata. Comparing our description to the description of P. appendiculata, some differences are observed in the body proportion. Tadpoles were most abundant during the wet season (October-March), and it was positively related with average monthly rainfall. Tadpoles of P. tupinamba are benthonic and occur more often in lentic portions of the stream. They were found most frequently exposed on the sand, which also represented the most available microhabitat among those sampled in the stream studied.


We present the Virtual City Explorer (VCE), an online crowdsourcing platform for the collection of rich geotagged information in urban environments. Compared to other volunteered geographic information approaches, which are constrained by the number and availability of mapping enthusiasts on the ground, the VCE uses digital street imagery to allow people to virtually explore a city from anywhere in the world, using a browser or a mobile phone. In addition, contributions in VCE are designed as paid microtasks—small jobs that can be carried out without any specific knowledge of the local area or previous mapping expertise in exchange for a fee. We tested the VCE in two cities to map points of interest (PoIs) in transport and mobility, using FigureEight to recruit participants. We were able to show that our platform enables crowdworkers to submit PoI location seamlessly, cover almost all of the tested areas, and discover several PoIs not reported by other approaches. This allows the VCE to complement existing approaches that leverage experts or grassroot communities.


In the project contract of the Vietnamese hydro power projects,the Chinese enterprises have complexity,many uncertainties and the great contracting risks.Taking the examples of several contracting projects of hydro power stations in Song Con,Vietnam,the article discusses some ways of risk management that including risk elements,risk identification,risk elimination and risk settlement.


A novel and simple technique is presented to realize a five scroll chaos generator circuit using second generation current conveyors. A novel sinusoidal oscillator is first realized using second generation dual output current conveyors (DOCCIIs) and grounded passive components, which is then employed for the implementation of the five scroll chaos generator. The technique basically employs a CCII based differentiator and a frequency dependent negative resistance (FDNR) composite to introduce the non-linearity into the sinusoidal oscillator to modify it as a chaos generator. The proposed chaos generator exhibits a five scroll chaotic voltage output. It enjoys attractive features such as use of DOCCIIs and grounded passive components. Moreover, due to the presence of all grounded passive components, the circuit is very much suitable for monolithic implementation in contemporary IC technologies. The proposed chaos generator is designed and verified using PSpice simulation and the results thus obtained confirm the theory.


The synthesis of poly(L‐leucyl‐L‐ornithyl‐L‐leucine) and of poly(L‐leucyl‐L‐arginyl‐L‐leucine) is reported. The antibacterial action of the two copolymers was checked by growth inhibition experiments on Staphylococcus aureus. The activity was found to be identical with that of a disordered 1:1 copolymer of L‐ornithine and L‐leucine. Conversion of 75% of the ornithine residues to arginine had no effect on the antibacterial activity.


What is the matter? Einstein's general relativity unveils the origin of ordinary matter, and Landau's symmetry breaking and phase transition theory reveals the secret of classical phases of matter. How about quantum matter and quantum phases of matter? Quantum mechanics is a set of rules that predict the responses of the microscopic world to our measuring devices. The most salient feature is the superposition of different states. With the advent of quantum information science, another quantum correlation comes to center stage: entanglement–"the spooky action at a distance" according to Einstein. The conventional formalism of quantum theory consists of four principles: superposition, linear evolution, entanglement, and probabilistic outcome of a measurement. The mathematical model to embody superposition and linear evolution is through Hilbert spaces and unitary transformations. We arrive at such a counterintuitive model through a long period of trial-and-error in theory and experiment. The most controversial principle is measurement, though it models well the uncontrollable disturbance of the fragile quantum state by our measuring devices. With so much energy injected from our measuring apparatus into the quantum system, what we obtain is like a snapped string from an overwhelming plucking. Mathematical model of quantum mechanics assigns a Hilbert space to each quantum system. Two operations on Hilbert spaces that are used to describe superposition and entanglement, respectively, are the direct sum and the tensor product. While interference is arguably more fundamental, a deeper understanding of quantum mechanics would come from the interplay of the two. The role for entanglement is more pronounced for many-body quantum systems such as systems of 10 electrons in condensed matter physics. Advancing our understanding of the role of entanglement for both quantum computing and condensed matter physics lies at the frontiers of current research. Section 1 serves mainly as motivation for our mathematical pursuit, and Section 2 introduces mathematical quantum systems through the Hamiltonian formalism. Logically, Section 1 is independent of the pure mathematics that we begin from Section 2. But some general knowledge of the materials will make many later topics more natural and is essential for the formulation of a mathematical theory of quantum phases of matter.


To a controller utilizing thyristors have been added delayed resetting circuits connected to timing circuits for enabling delayed firing, and also circuits for inverting polarity of error signal in order to accommodate regenerative and reverse-plug braking. Other additional circuits include circuits for controlling a ramp generator for developing different segments of a ramp required for different modes of operation of a motor. Sequence switching circuits in the circuits controlling operation of the motor determine that full acceleration or deceleration of a selected mode is completed before a newly selected mode is started. For smooth starting and stopping of elevators, a curve-shaping circuit succeeding the ramp generator gradually changes the slope at the very ends of a selected segment of the ramp, and a brake control circuit having an input connected to the motor and output switching circuits for controlling disconnection of the motor and application of holding brakes, synchronizes disconnection of the motor and application of mechanical brakes when the motor ceases rotation.


Last September, about 400 delegates gathered in Florence, Italy from all over the world, to attend the 11th International Symposium on Digital Earth (ISDE11). The Opening Plenary session (held in the historic Salone dei Cinquecento at Palazzo Vecchio) included a celebration ceremony for the 20th anniversary of the International Symposium on Digital Earth, which was initiated in Beijing, China in November 1999 by the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS).

In the framework of ISDE11, about 30 sessions illustrated the various challenges and opportunities in building a Digital Earth. They included five Grand Debates and Plenary sessions dealing with issues related to: “Trust and Ethics in Digital Earth”; “Digital Earth for United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)”; “ISDE in a Transformed Society”; “Challenges and Opportunities of Digital Transformation”; and “New Knowledge Ecosystems.” Moreover, ISDE11 endorsed and approved a new Declaration by the International Society for the Digital Earth (i.e. the 2019 ISDE Florence Declaration) that, after 10 years, lays the path to a new definition of Digital Earth that will be finalized in the first months of 2020.

This presentation will discuss the main outcomes of ISDE11 as well as the future vision of Digital Earth in a Transformed Society.


The poetry books by I. Hnatiuk, edited in independent Ukraine, are especially valuable due to the first publication of his poems written in prison. He appeared in front of the reader in his true poetic self, without distortion of censorship, only in the 1990s — in a kind of poetical trilogy beginning with the collection "New calculus of time" (Kyiv, 1990). Three poetry books from the early 1990s — "New calculus of time", "Via Dolorosa" and "True Revenge" — contain the restored early lyrics and poems of the author prisoner. I. Hnatiuk introduced into Ukrainian poetry the topics and issues related to the crimes of Stalin's tyranny, the national resistance movement, and the threats of imperial aggression from Moscow in the time of Ukrainian independence. Hnatiuk never announced any prophecies of the expected 'happy future' in the new Ukraine, although the collections had a distinct prophetic orientation. The poems of the 1980s and 1990s were also presented, including the cycles brought to life by the Chornobyl disaster. The poet perceived the man-made environmental catastrophe as the last 'wrath of God', 'the deadly tornado' of the atomic Apocalypse. The evident journalistic component of the three-volume collection requires deeper reading and study in the context of the post-Soviet literature. Based on the classical poetic means and great verse epic forms, the poet created a new expressive type of the lyrical character — the persistent and uncompromising martyr of the Soviet concentration camp. According to the author of the paper, the unsubstantiated evaluations of Hnatiuk's works as graphomania can be easily refuted by examples of his unique mastery and free command of the word.


Abstract The taxation on sugar sweetened beverages (SSB), known as the health promotion levy (HPL) was implemented in South Africa in April 2018. The aim of the taxation was to reduce the excessive intake of sugar in the SA population. Many studies have linked a high intake of sugar, particularly SSB to an increased energy intake, increasing the risk of overweight and obesity. The aim of this study was to investigate the perspectives of dietitians on the HPL. Methods: In this cross-sectional descriptive study, dietitians were recruited through the weekly Association of Dietetics in South Africa newsletter and social media platforms. Dietitians (n = 138) completed an electronic survey using Survey Monkey. The survey consisted of five sections; consent, demographics, awareness of the sugar taxation, opinions and SSB purchasing/consumption of patients. Descriptive statistics was performed using Statistica version 13.2. Results: Nearly all of the dietitians were female (95%, n = 131), with a mean age of 33 years (± 9.73). Two thirds were qualified with a four year professional Honors degree (67%, n = 92) and 25% (n = 34) had a Master's degree. A majority of dietitians were employed full time (80%, n = 111), working mainly in the area of clinical nutrition (26%, n = 33) and private practice (21%, n = 27). Most dietitians (98%, n = 127) were aware of the sugar tax, although 75% (n = 98) did not know the sugar content where tax was applicable and 78% (n = 101) did not know the tax amount levied. Dietitians opinion towards the HPL was positive (75%, n = 94), although 56% (n = 68) disagreed it would reduce obesity. A majority of dietitians (86%, n = 108) indicated other factors contribute to obesity. Most dietitians consult with patients (73%, n = 90). Patients were mainly from a lower socio-economic status (43%, n = 60). Dietitians disagreed it would reduce their patient's beverage consumption (61%, n = 55), with most agreeing the tax was too little to make a difference (71%, n = 89) and that it is mainly due to patient's liking the taste for not changing (46%, n = 36). Dietitians (34%, n = 31) use the SBL as a motivational tool, while 83% (n = 75) teach their patients to look for sugar on food labels. Conclusion: From the dietitian's perspective, the sugar taxation has not influenced their patient's consumption behaviour. Dietitians have a positive attitude toward the HPL although they don't think it will reduce the prevalence of obesity. Other strategies should be employed to reduce sugar consumption in the SA population.


: Kernel drivers have to be signed. Requirements have become more stringent with new versions of Windows. Windows 10 requires drivers signed by Microsoft. Drivers with signatures dated prior to July 2015 are still valid.


During bone marrow transplantation, hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) respond to signals from the hematopoietic microenvironment by coordinately activating molecular pathways through Rho GTPases, including Rac. We have previously shown that deletion of Vav1, a hematopoietic‐specific activator of Rac, compromises engraftment of transplanted adult HSPCs without affecting steady‐state hematopoiesis in adult animals. Here, we show that Vav1–/– fetal HSPCs can appropriately seed hematopoietic tissues during ontogeny but cannot engraft into lethally irradiated recipients. We demonstrate that the engraftment defect of Vav1–/– HSPCs is abrogated in the absence of irradiation and demonstrate that Vav1 is critical for the response of HSPCs to the proinflammatory cytokine interleukin‐11 (IL‐11) that is upregulated in the marrow of irradiated recipients. Vav1–/– HSPCs display abnormal proliferative responses to IL‐11 in vitro and dysregulated activation of pathways critical to engraftment of HSPCs. The engraftment of Vav1–/– HSPCs can be partially rescued in irradiated recipients treated with an anti‐IL‐11 antibody. These data suggest that HSPCs may respond to different functional demands by selective usage of the IL‐11‐Vav‐Rac pathway, contextualizing further the recent view that HSPCs capable of reconstituting the blood system following transplantation might be distinct from those supporting hematopoiesis during homeostatic conditions. Stem Cells 2018; 36:446–457


Purpose: In taekwondo, muscle flexibility specifically in the lower limb is of great importance for athletic performance. In this study, we evaluated the acute effects of static versus proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) stretching combined with kinesiology taping (KT) of the hamstring muscle on functional tests in adolescent taekwondo athletes.
Methods: 20 adolescent taekwondo athletes aged 9 to 18 years with red, black belt color participated in this study. They performed static, or PNF stretching in both legs, then two I strips with 30% tension as an inhibitory fashion was applied over the hamstring muscles of one leg and the other leg was determined as control. Single leg vertical jump test, single leg hop test, and taekwondo specific agility test (TSAT) were performed before, acutely, and 24 hours after interventions.
Results: Repeated measures ANOVA test was used for statistical analysis of the data. All functional tests results demonstrated significant improvement over time (Single leg vertical jump (p=0.005), single leg hop test (p=0.01), and TSAT (p=0.03)) but none of the stretching or the KT groups affected the functional performance of the participants (Single leg vertical jump (p=0.36) and single leg hop test (p=0.50)).
Conclusion: Both the static and PNF stretching exercises could improve the functional performance of the adolescent taekwondo athletes for up to 24 hours without any significant difference and application of the KT did not have any considerable effects.


Present models for the level alignment at inorganic/organic interfaces mostly consider ideal metallic or insulating substrates, neglecting  surface defects. In this work, we use hybrid density func...


This paper empirically evaluates and analyzes the effect of the choice of recurrent activation and unit activation functions on the unsupervised convolutional LSTM learning process. The goal of this work is to provide guidance for selecting the optimal non-linear activation function for the convolutional LSTM models which target the video prediction problem. This paper shows an empirical analysis of different non-linear activation functions that are commonly implemented in different deep learning APIs. We used the moving MNIST dataset as the most common benchmark for video prediction problems.


This paper presents the design and implementation of a solid-state transformer (SST) that forms a part of a larger Hybrid Solid State Transformer (HSST). The HSST comprises of a high-power line frequency transformer (LFT) and a medium voltage SiC SST. The SST is based on a soft-switched dual-active bridge topology. Recently developed 7.2kV/60A SiC Austin SuperMOS devices are used as the medium voltage switches. The predicted SST efficiency at 500VRMS and 125A is 98.01 %, and the net HSST efficiency is estimated at 98.43 % at 500kVA. The MV SST has been tested at power of 10kW and results show a high efficiency of 97%.


In the framework of the validation experiment conducted in this work, the aerodynamic characteristics of the X-34 vehicle were studied with variations in various angles of attack, Mach numbers, and model scales. The digital calculation was carried out using the computer code UST3D, developed in the laboratories of radiation gas dynamics of the IPMech RAS. This calculation module is designed for numerical integrated Navier − Stokes equations on tetrahedral unstructured grids. Based on the results of the work, satisfactory agreement was obtained on the nature of the flow and aerodynamic coefficient for models of different scaling, which are in reasonable agreement with the experiment.


Over the past decade, deep convolutional neural networks (CNN) have been widely embraced in various visual recognition applications owing to their extraordinary accuracy. However, their high computational complexity and excessive data storage present two challenges when designing CNN hardware. We propose an energy-aware bit-serial streaming deep CNN accelerator to tackle these challenges. With several optimization methods and the proposed ring streaming dataflow, the computational performance is improved and the external memory access is reduced. We evaluate our design with the roofline model by exploring the design space to find the best performance and computation and communication (CTC) ratio solution. We can reach 1.36x speed up and reduce energy consumption by 41% for external memory access compared with the design in [1]. The hardware implementation for our PE Array architecture design can reach the operating frequency of 119 MHz and consumes 68 k gates with a power consumption of 10.08mW using TSMC 90-nm technology.


The Platform Management System was established to coordinate the operation of platform systems and instruments. The management functions are split between ground and space components. Since platforms are to be out of contact with the ground more than the manned base, the on-board functions are required to be more autonomous than those of the manned base. Under this concept, automated replanning and rescheduling, including on-board real-time schedule maintenance and schedule repair, are required to effectively and efficiently meet Space Station Freedom mission goals. In a FY88 study, we developed several promising alternatives for automated platform planning and scheduling. We recommended both a specific alternative and a phased approach to automated platform resource scheduling. Our recommended alternative was based upon use of exactly the same scheduling engine in both ground and space components of the platform management system. Our phased approach recommendation was based upon evolutionary development of the platform. In the past year, we developed platform scheduler requirements and implemented a rapid prototype of a baseline platform scheduler. Presently we are rehosting this platform scheduler rapid prototype and integrating the scheduler prototype into two Goddard Space Flight Center testbeds, as the ground scheduler in the Scheduling Concepts, Architectures, and Networks Testbed and as the on-board scheduler in the Platform Management System Testbed. Using these testbeds, we will investigate rescheduling issues, evaluate operational performance and enhance the platform scheduler prototype to demonstrate our evolutionary approach to automated platform scheduling. The work described in this paper was performed prior to Space Station Freedom rephasing, transfer of platform responsibility to Code E, and other recently discussed changes. We neither speculate on these changes nor attempt to predict the impact of the final decisions. As a consequence some of our work and results may be outdated when this paper is published.


This paper considers the strategy of the 1998-99 Budget and its likely impact against the background of the state of the economy the finance minister inherited from his predecessor and then discusses some larger issues beyond the budget on which, in the author's opinion, policy debates in the days to come are increasingly likely to focus.


There has been no national audit of diabetes care provided in mental heath inpatient settings. This research was undertaken to reveal a snapshot of prevalence, services provided and the education delivered to both staff and patients, and in turn identify areas to improve care. West London NHS Trust participated in the pilot mental health National Inpatient Diabetes Audit. A cross-sectional review of diabetes care on 11 wards informed the provision of a safe patient-centred high-quality diabetes service. The prevalence of diabetes was 23%. Almost all care was undertaken by non-specialist staff, none of whom received regular ward-based training for diabetes. A minority of staff knew how to access emergency diabetic services, and 75% of patients did not receive any structured diabetes education. Patient satisfaction scores were high. Staff requested more opportunities to access diabetes educational resources. Diabetic care can be improved by modelling existing best practice from physical healthcare settings and by increasing diabetes education. Further data regarding evidence of safety, harms and quality is required to inform the development and commissioning of services to achieve the best diabetic care for this particularly vulnerable patient group.


BACKGROUND
The use of amoxicillin during early childhood has been associated with molar incisor hypomineralization.

AIM
The objective of this study was to determine whether the use of amoxicillin interferes with enamel development, during secretion and early mineralization stages.

DESIGN
Fifteen pregnant rats were randomly assigned to three groups that received physiological solution (sham group), 100 mg/kg/day amoxicillin (A100G), and 500 mg/kg/day amoxicillin (A500G). After birth, the pups in each group received the same treatment until post-natal day 7 or 12. The upper first molars were analyzed histomorphometrical and immunostaining with amelogenin on day 7, and MMP-20 on day 12 was performed using a semiquantitative method (H-score).

RESULTS
At 7 days, several vacuolar structures were observed in the ameloblasts in the A100G and A500G groups. A significant reduction of the enamel thickness (P < 0.001) was found in amoxicillin-treated rats compared with the sham group. Significant differences were not observed in enamel thickness (P > 0.05) between the groups of 12-day-old rats. Moreover, significant differences were not observed in the number of amelogenin- and MMP-20-immunolabeled ameloblasts (P > 0.05) between groups.

CONCLUSION
The present results suggest that amoxicillin interferes with the initial stages of amelogenesis by causing structural changes in the ameloblasts and a reduction of the enamel matrix.


The progression of hypertension and renal failure are normally faster in males than females. Renal inflammation is a common feature of experimental and clinical salt sensitive hypertension. The role of renal inflammation in high fat (HF) diet associated hypertension and renal injury has been studied using animal models in males, but the underlying mechanisms in females are less clear. We found that HF with normal salt (60% kcal from fat with 0.3% NaCl) feeding significantly and equally increases mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) in male and female Dahl salt sensitive rats compared to normal fat (NF) normal salt feeding (10% kcal from fat with 0.3% NaCl) for 24–26 weeks starting at weaning (3 weeks of age). MAP in HF rats was similar to MAP in NF rats at 10 weeks of feeding. At 17 weeks, MAP was significantly higher in HF than in NF rats. MAP was dramatically higher (~35 mmHg) in HF rats after 24 weeks of feeding. We determined if the mechanisms responsible for renal inflammation/injuries are similar in males and females. Renal tissues were taken from rats at 10, 17 and 24 weeks of feeding. Renal injury was histologically characterized. Renal inflammation was identified by the infiltration of macrophages (CD68) and T cells (CD3) in cortex and medulla. At 10 weeks, females did not show renal injuries, all males showed low grade renal injury with higher CD68 cells than females. CD3 cells were similar in males and females at lower levels. At 17 weeks, HF males displayed more severe renal injury compared to NF males and all females. CD68 and CD3 cells in males were unchanged compared to their 10 week values, females had similar CD68 and higher CD3 cells compared to males. At 24 weeks, HF males displayed much more severe renal injury with higher CD68 cells than NF males and all females. All males had significantly increased CD3 cells compared with their 10 and 17 weeks values. HF females had lower grade renal injury and lower CD68 cells than HF males, and CD3 cells were similar to males. The expression of renal proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA, a cellular proliferation marker) was similar in all males and females at 17 weeks, and significantly and equally increased in all HF rats at 24 weeks. Expression of renal phospho‐S6 ribosomal protein (pS6, a surrogate marker of mTORC1 activity) was significantly higher in all females compared with all males at 17 weeks, but similar in all rats at 24 weeks. All females had higher expression of phospho‐Akt (pAkt, the canonical readout of mTORC2 activity) than males at 17 and 24 weeks. HF feeding increased pAkt expression only in females at 24 weeks. At 24 weeks, neither HF males nor females had larger final body weights than their respective NF groups. No differences in plasma levels of fasting glucose, insulin, leptin, cholesterol, triglycerides, creatinine or BUN were found between HF versus NF males or females. All females had higher plasma albumin levels than males at 17 weeks, but not at 24 weeks. Our studies show that HF diet promotes hypertension equally in Dahl salt sensitive males and females without causing overt metabolic dysfunction in either sex. In this setting, females are less prone to develop hypertension associated renal injury than males. Females do develop renal inflammation, however, the time course and types of immune cell infiltration are different from what is observed in males. Higher activities of renal mTORC2 and other immune regulatory mechanisms may protect against renal injury in females by increasing cell survival and improving the injured tissue repair.


Aiming at the target tracking problem of hybrid mobile sensor network in obstacle avoidance, a kind of hybrid mobile sensor network target tracking algorithm based on flocking control is proposed. The algorithm can make the velocity of mobile sensor in the system asymptotically converge to target velocity, and keep an expected distance with the target; in the tracking process, the connectivity of network topology is always guaranteed, while avoiding any obstacle to prevent collision. The simulation results show that the algorithm has good performance in obstacle avoidance and target tracking.


Poor air quality is recognized as a major risk factor for human health globally. Critical to addressing this important public-health issue is the effective dissemination of air quality data, information about adverse health effects, and the necessary mitigation measures. However, recent studies have shown that even when public get data on air quality and understand its importance, people do not necessarily take actions to protect their health or exhibit pro-environmental behaviors to address the problem. Most existing studies on public attitude and response to air quality are based on offline studies, with a limited number of survey participants and over a limited number of geographical locations. For a larger survey size and a wider set of locations, we collected Twitter data for a period of nearly 2 years and analyzed these data for three major cities: Paris, London, and New Delhi. We identify the three hashtags in each city that best correlate the frequency of tweets with local air quality. Using tweets with these hashtags, we determined that people's response to air quality across all three cities was nearly identical when considering relative changes in air pollution. Using machine-learning algorithms, we determined that health concerns dominated public response when air quality degraded, with the strongest increase in concern being in New Delhi, where pollution levels are the highest among the three cities studied. The public call for political solutions when air quality worsens is consistent with similar findings with offline surveys in other cities. We also conducted an unsupervised learning analysis to extract topics from tweets in Delhi and studied their evolution over time and with changing air quality. Our analysis helped extract relevant words or features associated with different air quality–related topics such as air pollution policy and health. Also, the topic modeling analysis revealed niche topics associated with sporadic air quality events, such as fireworks during festivals and the air quality impact on an outdoor sport event. Our approach shows that a tweet-based analysis can enable social scientists to probe and survey public response to events such as air quality in a timely fashion and help policy makers respond appropriately.


™CHROMagar ™ MRSA (C-MRSA) (BD Diagnostics, Sparks, MD) to the combination of blood agar and mannitol salt agar with oxacillin (BAP/MSO) which was routinely used in our laboratory. We cultured 1046 nasal swabs from patients in intensive care units on all three media. On BAP/MSO, MRSA were identified by colonial morphology, Gram stain, catalase and/or coagulase tests, and growth on Mueller Hinton agar with oxacillin. On C-MRSA, MRSA were identified after 24 h of incubation by the production of mauve-colored colonies. Mauve-colored colonies at 48 h were confirmed as MRSA by a coagulase test. Of 79 cultures positive for MRSA, BAP/MSO detected 61 (77.2%) while C-MRSA detected 69 (87.3%). Of the 18 cultures that were falsely negative on BAP/MSO, 12 (75%) contained methicillin-susceptible S. aureus that were not differentiated from MRSA by the conventional cultures despite the use of MSO. Positive cultures were also identified faster on C-MRSA. After 24 h of incubation, 81% of all positive cultures were identified by C-MRSA with the remaining 19% identified after 48 h. In contrast, no cultures were definitively positive on BAP/MSO at 24 h. At 48 h, BAP/MSO identified only 62% of positive cultures with 33% identified at 72 h and 5% identified after 96 h of incubation. The use of C-MRSA also required fewer supplemental tests to identify MRSA. Cultures using BAP/MSO required 300 subcultures, 321 coagulase tests and 180 oxacillin screening tests to identify 61 MRSA isolates while C-MRSA cultures required only 58 coagulase tests to identify 69 MRSA isolates. Less technologist time was required using C-MRSA. Exclusive of specimen planting and result reporting, the average bench time to work up a BAP/ MSO culture was 2.64 min while average time spent on each C-MRSA culture was 0.64 min (40 sec). The use of C-MRSA results in more rapid detection of MRSA with a significant reduction in reagents and workload.


This study aims to develop learning materials based multimedia for Early Childhood Inclusion Education courses as the development of a multimedia learning model for student based on early childhood education.Method of research is R n D, development model used was the Merger of Dick & Carey, Borg & Gall Learning Models and Instructional Development Models. Result of research general conclusion, the validation of learning design experts 94.94% is feasible, 92.8% of material experts are decent and 93.5% of media experts are eligible, so recommending learning materials can be used. In the 93.07% individual trial, it was feasible, 92.7% small group trials were feasible and in the field trial 87.52% the development of multimediabased learning materials could be used. The conclusion of expert validation and testing, the learning material for Early Childhood Incusion Education Based Multimedia is worthy of use. Keywords—learning material, inclusion education, multimedia, childhood education.


A crowd-sourced method in rainfall estimation from mobile phones is attempted. The result of the study indicates high correlation between cellular signal levels and rainfall, suggesting that rainfall could be predicted using cellular signal levels from mobile phones. Custom data preprocessing methods have been employed to ensure significant results. Regression models using machine learning built upon the collected data show a borderline $\mathbf{R}^{\mathbf{2}}$ score at only 0.39, while classification models show high performance with an average macro F1-score of 0.81 in predicting rain events instead of predicting rainfall levels. The result of this study paves the way for crowd-sourcing cellular signal data from mobile phones to better understand rainfall patterns. Further extensive data collection will need to be carried out to clarify the effectiveness of the method. This study is still limited in terms of data size.


Jane Dodsworth is a Lecturer in Social Work at the University of East Anglia. She worked previously as the Inter-Agency Development Officer for Norfolk Area Child Protection Committee and is a former social worker with experience in residential care and in generic and child and family social work teams. She teaches social work practice skills to qualifying and post-qualifying social workers. Her current research interests are in child sexual exploitation and women involved in sex work, the analysis of Serious Case Reviews and the evaluation of the implementation of a web-based service to improve communication with and Abstract Drawing on a qualitative study exploring the stories of twenty-four women involved in sex work in the UK, this paper discusses whether it is possible to identify key risk and pro- tective factors influencing involvement. It argues that, although age at first involvement is an important factor in influencing outcome, so also are experiences of childhood and adult adversity. Early damaging experiences, which may increase the likelihood of invol- vement, also affect the ability to deal with the experience of sex work and simul- taneously 'manage' other life experiences. What is crucial in identifying who is likely to be the most vulnerable are the accumulation of risk factors in early childhood and the personal and ecological resources available to individuals across the lifespan to manage that pathway. How these factors are managed determines the degree of victim- hood or agency, vulnerability or resilience individuals perceive they have and the route taken through sex work as a consequence. The study identified three different groups of women who reported different pathways, reflecting different sources of support and coping strategies. This analysis suggests that there is a need to facilitate the provision of 'secure base' interventions for women involved in sex work, whatever their age, which have meaning for them.


A method,in which a receiving probe is added to a common double emission and double catching acoustic system,is studied to detect the thin bed,a relational expression is derived for interval travel time of accoustic logging and basic principles and methods are discussed for selecting the wave space,which have practical significance for improving the domestic acoustic logging units


An armored scale, Lindingaspis ferrisi MCKENZIE, 1950, is recorded for the first time from Okinawa Island, Japan, and the adult female is briefly described with illustrations of the pygidium. This species resembles L. rossi, L. keniyae and L. mackenziei, but differs from them in having 2-4 small-sized dorsal macroducts near the base of the pygidium.


The role of religious belief and experience in psychopathology has been a focus for recent psychological research. The religious dimension for patients with schizophrenia is an especially interesting question. For example, L.J. Danbolt, P. Møller, L. Lien, and K.A. Hestad examined the religiousness and spirituality of thirty-one men and women diagnosed with schizophrenia spectrum disorders.1 They found that the majority of patients reported a positive effect for religion and spirituality in their coping with psychotic symptoms. A further question is the use of religion and spirituality in intervention as proposed in the opening essay of this issue. The authors conduct their study within the context of a recent rapprochement between psychology and religion. It was only in the 1990s that the American Psychological Association published a major work on this topic.2 They examined the role of religion/spirituality in psychotherapy and clinical work.3 As a result, clinical psychologists, psychotherapists, and counsellors have begun to question the importance of a new paradigm for their work, a ''bio-psycho-social-spiritual'' model. Within clinical settings the religious belief and spirituality of a patient or client are beginning to be recognized as important aspects and assets in intervention. As Zinnbauer and Pargament point out, the definitions of religion and spirituality are multiple.4 For example, they list eight different definitions for religion, and nine for spirituality, ranging from religion as a system of beliefs and practices to the use of symbolic forms and acts in relation to the ultimate, and from the description of spirituality as living out faith to a human potential for dealing with ultimate issues. They suggest that the broader, more fluid definitions allow for wider inclusion of these variables in research. In ''Religious Coping in Schizophrenia Patients'' the authors give a brief definition of religiousness as ''beliefs systems, behavioural, social, and denominational characteristics'' and spirituality as ''concern with the transcendent,


AbstractContinental mosaics of radar data have now been generated for more than 20 years. They offer information on precipitation climatology that is simply not available or archived elsewhere: How often does it rain at any particular location? At what time? And with what intensity distribution? What are the geographical and temporal patterns of precipitation occurrence, formation, and decay? What is the climatology of severe weather? Answers to these questions have value on their own and invariably trigger more questions about the processes causing these patterns but also suggest some answers. They also have considerable pedagogical value in illustrating in the classroom the impacts of different processes—such as sea–land breezes, topography, and seasons—on precipitation.In this work, U.S. mosaics of radar data from 1996 to 2015 are used to demonstrate the possibilities offered by such a dataset. Three topics are discussed: (i) climatologies and daily cycles of precipitation and convection, and what they...


This paper describes the evolution of the interface to Life Forms, a compositional tool for the creation of dance choreography, and highlights some of the important lessons we have learned during a six year design and implementation period. The lessons learned can be grouped into two categories: 1) Process, and 2) Architecture of the Interface. Our goal in developing a tool for choreography has been to provide computer-based creative design support for the conception and development of dance. The evolution was driven by feedback from the choreographers and users who were members of the development team, combined with our knowledge of current thinking on design and composition. Although the interface evolved in a relatively unconstrained way, the resulting system has many of the features that theoretical discussion in human interface design has projected necessary. The Life Forms interface has evolved incrementally with one major discontinuity where adoption of a new compositional primitive required a completely new version.


High infestations of winter ticks (Dermacentor albipictus) can exact high physiological costs on moose and are associated with high rates of juvenile mortality. Quantifying tick abundance on moose may help managers calculate overall mortality rates for moose and make harvest recommendations. We compared winter tick counts along hair transects on samples of moose hides to tick counts obtained from chemical digestion of those same samples. Winter tick counts from the two methods were strongly correlated (P <0.001, r2 = 0.88, n = 31). We field-tested the hair transect count method to determine its practicality at moose check stations. Tick counts on 4 body areas per moose (n = 60) generally took ≤10 minutes and were rapid, non-destructive, inexpensive, and easily employed. This method has potential to serve as an effective method to index winter tick loads on moose.


The target of optimizing distribution of national storage spot of disaster relief material is to improve the (ability) of emergency response and the relief efficiency in a certain time. This paper establishes model and indices appraising ability of emergency response of traffic during the natural disaster, including synthetical passing ability of land traffic and arriving time of air transpot and land transpotation. The result indicates that the synthetical ability of land traffic shows obvious differences between eastern and western China; taking the existing 10 national storage spots of disaster relief materials as spots, the arriving at destinations corving whole country demand at least 7 hours by air and 48 hours by land , and this makes the ability of emergency response of much areas decrease. In the end, this paper puts forward a scheme of optimized distribution of national storage center of disaster relief materials, advises increasing 6 new storage spots to realize that the disaster relief materials arrive at destinations covering whole country in 3 hours by air transpot and at 90% of these destinations in 6 hours by land transportation.


Abstract The chemical synthesis and biological activity of novel functionalized imidazoquinoline derivatives (ImQ) to generate Toll‐like receptor (TLR) 7/8 specific prodrugs are presented. In vivo activity of ImQs to induce inflammation was confirmed in zebrafish larvae. After covalent ligation to fully biodegradable polyphosphazenes (ImQ‐polymer), the macromolecular prodrugs were designed to undergo intracellular pH‐sensitive release of ImQs to induce inflammation through binding to endosomal TLR7/8 (danger signal). We showed ImQ dissociation from prodrugs at a pH 5 pointing towards endosomal prodrug degradability. ImQ‐polymers strongly activated ovalbumin‐specific T cells in murine splenocytes as shown by increased proliferation and expression of the IL‐2 receptor (CD25) on CD8+ T cells accompanied by strong IFN‐γ release. ImQ prodrugs presented here are suggested to form the basis of novel nanovaccines, for example, for intravenous or intratumoral cancer immunotherapeutic applications to trigger physiological antitumor immune responses.


Intelligent adaptive training technologies augment or emulate the role of human instructors to support self-training through experiential practice, with individualized guidance and feedback. They can be powerful training tools, especially as budget constraints trigger reductions in instructional manpower and in the opportunities for live training. But the complexity and diversity of learning objectives and practice environments can make the authoring task time-intensive, frequently requiring a highly customized development process. There are no universal authoring solutions, although concepts have been proposed to reduce the burden by isolating reusable components. For example, an abstracted simulation integration layer can standardize performance data collection, so that instructional components and even logic can be reused across applications. In practice, an integrated trainer draws a virtual dividing line where instructional logic is either more or less abstract from the state and event data flow in a simulation environment. This paper describes a self-training capability integrated with an existing tactical decision making game, as a case study for the tradeoffs in abstracting a set of automated assessment measures and techniques for complex real-world training objectives. The game environment is Follow Me, a small unit leader tactical training game used by instructors and cadets at the United States Military Academy at West Point. This training audience presents a classic use case for self-directed training; due to limited classroom time, cadets previously received little direct feedback on their own exercise performance. However with the addition of automated evaluation and feedback capabilities, the reach of instructors is extended and replicated. While this trainer operates with a two dimensional game, some of the same performance measures could be applied to a three dimensional game or other simulation platform. Examples from the Follow Me trainer are explored in terms of generalization and the entailed authoring implications for both instructional components and experiential environments.


We study the linewidths in cascade Auger spectra in synchrotron radiation experiments and discuss their dependence on the lifetimes of the discrete states and the experimental conditions. In particular we consider the possibility of manipulating the linewidths of the first step decay by tuning the bandwidth of the incoming photons. This may be used as an identification method in cases where the spectra from different decays are energetically overlapping. As an example we take the cascade process in Xe following the 4d5/2 → 6p resonant excitation.


In an article about Rem Koolhaas' S,M,L,XL, Catherine de Smet described the relationship existing between the appearance and the content of this book, dealing as it does with Bigness Architecture, with the help of a judicious transposition of the categories of "duck" and "decorated shed" coined for buildings by Robert Venturi. The recent catalogue for the Mutations exhibition, which is less voluminous and above all more colourful, calls these terms to mind, somewhat. So–and to paraphrase her–...


The purpose of this research was to obtain the best inoculum concentration and
fermentation time best in the processing of vinegar so as to produce quality vinegar with
some characteristics that can attract people to cultivate mulberry vinegar to become
vinegar. The benefits of this research is to utilize products of Indonesia's vast land,
introduced to the public regarding food developed into vinegar mulberry, mulberry
efficacy introduced by the process into mulberry vinegar, and is expected to increase the
economic value, or develop processing into products mulberry vinegar which new in the
context of diversification, and can extend the shelf life.
The research method consists of two phases: a preliminary research and the main
research. Preliminary research conducted that determines the optimum time growth of
Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Acecobacter aceti and determine the best sugar
concentration. The main research conducted that determine Acetobacter aceti inoculum
concentration and fermentation time using RPT (Divided plot design). The response in
this research include chemical response (analysis of acetic acid and alcohol content) and
organoleptic (color, aroma, and flavor).
The results showed the production of mulberry vinegar with simultaneous
inoculation process produces acetic acid levels highest on day 7 with the addition of
inoculum concentration of 11 % , the lowest acetic acid levels at day 13 with the addition
of inoculum concentration of 7 % , and and panelists responded somewhat like the color
and flavor attributes , and panelists to respond rather not like to attribute sense .
Keywords : Fermentation , Mulberry , Vinegar


This volume represents the first scientific partnership between two networks of research specialized on management studies: EuroMed Research Business Institute (EMRBI) and CUEIM, the consortium of research that is the publisher of Sinergie Italian Journal of Management. This Special Issue hosts ten papers selected from two EuroMed Conferences: the 7th EuroMed Annual Conference entitled "The Future of Entrepreneurship" (Kristiansand, Norway, September 2014) and the "Contemporary Trends and Perspectives in Wine and Agrifood Management" Conference (Lecce, Italy, January 2015). The papers selected have both Italian and foreign authors. The Journal aims to foster a cross national scientific dialogue and to develop a theoretical debate between different schools of thought. As Baccarani and Golinelli (2014, p. vii) say, the new cultural path for the Italian scientific community needs "to accelerate the internationalization process without giving up its national identity". ( to be continued… )


The existence of a epizootic in guinea-pigs caused by a dermatophyte is reported. After having studied the cultural characteristics of the parasite, it was concluded to be Trichophyton gypseum granulosum (Sabouraud, 1908), not yet described as an agent of spontaneous tinea in guinea-pigs. In spite of the considerable extent of the infection, not a single case of human contagion was found among those in charge of the infected guinea-pigs, not even when dealing with the sick animals for laboratory purposes. The authors believe this to be the first description of the occurrence of a true epizootic caused by Trichophyton gypseum granulosum (Sabouraud, 1908).


Research conducted on a winter wheat, which was cultivated in a 30-km area in the year ofChernobylaccident, allowed to ascertain that complex use of sodium humate and beekeeping products is ineffective for diminishing the negative irradiation influence on the early growth processes of plants. Only the simultaneous use of humic preparations and anodic extraction of propolis has permanent positive effect.


General-purpose business-dataprocessing machines now on the market are limited in their performance mostly by the electronic file systems associated with them. The only file medium that has proved itself acceptable from the standpoint of both cost and speed is magnetic tape. In the quest for better, i.e., faster, cheaper, etc., general-purpose machines, a "random access" file has been held out as perhaps the key to the next step of progress. "Random access," however, is a misleading term if it is used to describe what an ideal file should be, rather than adopted. The considerations which, taken together, point to the requirements for a rapid access data file in a general-purpose data processor will be presented here.


I investigate the structure of an argument that culture cannot be maintained in a population if each individual learns only from a single person. This appears to conflict with (1) many models of cultural transmission and (2) real-world cases. I resolve the first problem by showing that one of the models central to the argument is conceptually analogous and mathematically equivalent to one used to investigate the evolution of sexual reproduction. I resolve the second by arguing that probabilistic models of epistemological coherence can be reinterpreted as models of support between cultural variants—illustrating the idea with a new model.


AbstractThe critical shear stress at the interface of incoherent particles when dislocation punching is first observed in quenched f.c.c. metals has been determined. The values obtained are close to the theoretical shear strengths of f.c.c. metals, assuming that the initial shear is in a 〈112〉 direction. The nucleation of dislocations is apparently much easier at an incoherent interface during quenching than at a fully coherent interface during particle growth, and possible explanations for this are considered.


Objective: Autoimmune polyglandular syndromes (APS) are endocrinopathies whose main characteristic is the loss of immune tolerance. The objective of this work was to report the APS prevalence in an Internal Medicine Service from Toluca, Mexico. Methods: This was a descriptive and retrospective study. Medical files from the service of Internal Medicine at Ciprés Grupo Médico CGM SC (CGM), Toluca, Mexico, in a period of 11 years were analyzed. The prevalence of APS was obtained taking into account all the patients seen in the mentioned period and in particular considering only the following diseases: diabetes mellitus, thyroiditis and Addison's disease. Results: From 2000 clinical files, five cases (0.25%) are presented according to the criteria and clinical manifestations. APS detection among patients who were treated for endocrine pathology (diabetes mellitus = 807, thyroiditis = 473, and hypocortisolism = 5) were 5 in 1285 (0.38%). Conclusion: APS-2 is the most common type of APS in a common Internal Medicine service in Toluca, Mexico. Keywords: Autoimmune polyglandular syndrome, hypothyroidism, type 1 diabetes mellitus.


The dislocation‐induced randum walk of an aluminum‐rich droplet migrating in a thermal gradient along the 〈100〉 axis in silicon is shown to lead to an appreciable mean square displacement of the droplet from is original 〈100〉 thermal trajectory over migration distances of about 1 cm. When ordered arrays of droplets are migrated to produce columnar diode arrays in silicon, this random walk causes disregistry in the arrays. The disregistry can be minimized by introducing a small off‐〈100〉‐axis thermal gradient superimposed on the major 〈100〉 thermal gradient. This off‐axis component of the thermal gradient overwhelms dislocation intersection effects which cause random walk and leads to a uniform nonrandom displacement which preserves the registry in the columnar diode arrays.


This paper studies the problem of robust H∞ control for uncertain stochastic system with time-varying delay. The time delay is assumed to be of interval type. By constructing a new stochastic Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional, Ito's formula and introducing free weighting matrix, sufficient conditions for delay-dependent robust H∞ control is obtained. The presented formulation is in the framework of linear matrix inequality and thus can be carried out conveniently. Finally, one numerical example is given to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.


We investigated the effects of AT‐877, a Ca2+ antagonist, on rat middle‐cerebral artery occlusion. All rats had 6‐h ischemia, and treated animals received either 3 or 10 mg/kg AT‐877 s.c. just after the occlusion. Control animals received an equal volume of the vehicle. Prior to sacrifice, significant changes in the decrease of blood pressure and the increase of plasma glucose were observed in the treated rats. Although the infarct size tended to decrease, this decrease was not significant. Only when the blood pressure‐ or plasma glucose‐matched subgroups were compared, the infarct volume decreased significantly in the drug‐treated animals. Thus, AT‐877 failed to reduce ischemic brain damage unless the blood pressure or plasma glucose were controlled.


Objective To get the information about the well-being feeling of medical workers,and the influence factors.Methods 12 rural or second grade hospitals in Hanchuan were included.Well-being feeling questionnaire was used to examine 350 subjects of the workers.Results Five factors entered the regression model,including physical health(Sβ=0.213),the title of a technical position(Sβ=0.204),mastery of stress(Sβ=0.150),sex(Sβ=0.135) and personal hobbies(Sβ= 0.135) respectively.Conclusion Principal factors affecting the well-being feeling of medical workers are followed by physical health,the title of a technical position,mastery of stress,sex and the personal hobbies.