998 www.pccmjournal.org October 2019 • Volume 20 • Number 10 In this issue of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Ruth et al (1) add to the growing body of literature on the high frequency of this disorder in patient's supported with mechanical devices. The authors found evidence of acquired von Willebrand syndrome (AvWS) in 79% (23/29) of those patients evaluated. This work is limited by the retrospective nature of the review and the inherent selection bias of testing only patients thought to be at risk, it is in line with the prevalence found in other similar patient populations (1). The pathophysiology, as succinctly summarized by Ruth et al (1), is thought to be the unfolding of the high molecular weight (HMW) multimers of von Willebrand factor (vWF) by the shear stress from the blood acceleration in the pump. Once unfolded, the active site for a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with a thrombospondin type 1 motif, member 13 (ADAMTS13) is exposed allowing for premature cleavage. This results in preferential loss of the more active HMW vWF multimers and a propensity to bleeding with impairment of this important interaction between the endothelium and platelets in the primary phase of hemostasis. Given this linkage to shear stress, it is not surprising that AvWS has been described in many populations of patients supported on devices that expose the blood to devices spinning at thousands of revolutions per minute. Similar high prevalence rates have been reported in pediatric extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) (2), adult ECMO (3) and continuous flow ventricular assist device (VAD) populations of all ages (3–7). Surprisingly, AvWS has also been described in devices where shear stress would not be thought to be as prevalent including pulsatile flow VADs (5, 8–10). Bartoli et al (11) have proposed that the end to side anastomotic site on the aorta is the source of shear stress in these patients and have demonstrated this in an ex vivo model. Given these findings, it seems prudent to expect to find AvWS in any patient whose blood experiences turbulent flow or is accelerated through an artificial device. So, the next questions are as follows: 1) are adverse events associated with AvWS? and 2) if yes, then what can be done about it? The review by Ruth et al (1) attempted to provide some data to these questions. They did not find any increase in bleeding as measured by an internally derived scoring system (meant to objectify a generally very subjective complication). They also provided data on the patients they attempted to treat with antihemophilic factor/vWF complex (Humate P). They found no difference in blood product utilization in those that did and did not receive Humate P. Although these findings are significantly limited by the single center retrospective nature of the study, I commend the authors in being thoughtful to include them in their review to help further the discussion on this topic beyond just "it happens." AvWS is associated with increased risk of bleeding complications in adult continuous flow VAD populations (12, 13). In particular, an association with gastrointestinal hemorrhage has consistently been shown. In ECMO, although some studies have compared centrifugal pumps to roller pumps, comparisons are difficult to make as both pumps require the acceleration of blood through an artificial circuit (14, 15). The fact remains that regardless if it is the loss of HMW vWF multimers which is the de facto cause of bleeding, hemorrhage is a common and sometimes life-threatening complication in pediatric ECMO patients. Prevention/replacement of the loss of this key component of hemostasis may represent a reasonable target for intervention. What can be done about AvWS in pediatric ECMO? Multiple vWF concentrates are pharmaceutically produced and the availability of the product depends on the approval of the national regulatory agency. In the United States, Humate P and Alphanate are approved and marketed as human plasmaderived concentrates of vWF. In the study by Ruth et al (1), their institution attempted to use Humate P as a replacement. They did not find any difference in the utilization of blood products between treated and non-treated patients with AvWS. This is not surprising given the substrate for degradation of the HMW vWF was still present. Given the ongoing destruction, higher and more frequent dosing is likely required and difficult to monitor given the turnaround time of measuring HMW vWF multimers. Can the destruction be prevented? Removing the stimulus for destruction is the ultimate cure of AvWS and has shown to be effective following heart transplantation or decannulation within hours (16) but is not practical for the patient still requiring support. Altering the pump speed with hopes of *See also p. 980.


Aiming at the distributed flexible job shop scheduling problem under dual resource constraints considering the influence of workpiece transportation time between factories and machines, a distributed flexible job shop scheduling problem (DFJSP) model with the optimization goal of minimizing completion time is established, and an improved mayfly algorithm (IMA) is proposed to solve it. Firstly, the mayfly position vector is discrete mapped to make it applicable to the scheduling problem. Secondly, three-layer coding rules of process, worker, and machine is adopted, in which the factory selection is reflected by machine number according to the characteristics of the model, and a hybrid initialization strategy is designed to improve the population quality and diversity. Thirdly, an active time window decoding strategy considering transportation time is designed for the worker–machine idle time window to improve the local optimization performance of the algorithm. In addition, the improved crossover and mutation operators is designed to expand the global search range of the algorithm. Finally, through simulation experiments, the results of various algorithms are compared to verify the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm for isomorphism and isomerism factories instances.


Gaucher disease (GD) is an autosomal recessive disease that leads to excessive accumulation of glucocerebroside in the cells of the reticuloendothelial system, which leads to multiple organ damage with the development of cytopenia, hepatosplenomegaly, bone and neurological pathology. An effective and safe enzyme replacement therapy has been developed for the treatment of GD. However, there are rare cases of hypersensitivity reactions presented in the literature, requiring individualization of patient management with the search for alternative ways to continue therapy and prevent side effects. We present a rare clinical case of intolerance to imiglucerase and velaglucerase alfa in a child with GD type 3 and possible methods for continuing treatment, taking into account the hypersensitivity reaction.


This paper focuses on the recursive identification problems for a multivariate output-error system. By decomposing the system into several subsystems and by forming a coupled relationship between the parameter estimation vectors of the subsystems, two coupled auxiliary model based recursive least squares (RLS) algorithms are presented. Moreover, in contrast to the auxiliary model based recursive least squares algorithm, the proposed algorithms provide a reference to improve the identification accuracy of the multivariate output-error system. The simulation results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed algorithms.


iv CHAPTER 1. GENERAL INTRODUCTION 1 CHAPTER 2. RESULTS 8 CHAPTER 3. DISCUSSION 13 CHAPTER 4. SUl~/IMARY ~►ND CONCLUSIONS 16


Emergency contraception is an important means of preventing unwanted pregnancy up to 5 days (120 hours) following unprotected sex or contraception failure. This article explores the evidence and clinical considerations when prescribing emergency contraception, and the role of a new agent, ellaOne, as a new additional choice.


Using microwave composite resonator spectroscopy and acousto-optic methods, the attenuation of acoustic waves was measured for various propagation directions and wave polarizations in langatate. These data were used for the calculation of a full set of viscosity tensor components of langatate.


Background: Ankle-Brachial Index (ABI) is rarely done in primary care due to the need for specialised equipment and training. ABIDING investigated the utility of a pragmatic method for ABI determination of ABI and diagnosis of peripheral arterial disease (PAD) in primary care. Design and methods: Cross-sectional validation and diagnostic accuracy study in Australian general practice in 2009-10 of 250 persons with cardiovascular disease or high risk of said. ABIs were done by a research nurse using a mercury sphygmomanometer and Doppler (conventional) and a practice nurse using an oscillometric device (pragmatic). The Bland-Altman plot between the ABI readings was used to investigate the agreement between the two procedures. Correlations between the paired readings were also calculated. The diagnostic accuracy was evaluated using ROC analysis and quantified as the C statistic. We also examined likelihood ratios. Results: There was no systematic bias between the ABI measures, difference = 0.002 (95% CI -0.024, 0.020). However, the Bland-Altman plot of ABI readings for the lowest ABI revealed poor agreement, where 95% of the readings were within ± 0.36. Multivariable C statistic for the pragmatic ABI method for PAD diagnosis in comparison to the conventional method gave: sensitivity 53% (95% CI 35-70%); specificity 97% (93-99%); positive predictive value 75% (53%-90%); negative predictive value 92% (88–95%); +LR 7.3 (4.4, 12.0); -LR 0.42 (0.30, 0.59). The C statistic of diagnosis of PAD was 0.88 (0.87). Conclusion: The +LR provides moderate evidence that a pragmatic ABI <0.9 can diagnose PAD, but low -LR suggests >0.9 won't exclude it.


is concerned with studying the strategic knowledge of enterprise. The main components of the system for strategic knowledge management have been analyzed. Characteristics of three main interrelated components of knowledge have been defined: knowledge infrastructure, knowledge culture, and knowledge technology. Considering the process of efficient management of the strategic knowledge, the process of formation of competences of workers has been determined as such that makes up the knowledge of enterprise. It was found that to ensure the right of enterprise to possess, use and dispose its intel-lectual asset, as well as for protection against unauthorized use different meth-ods can be applied: patenting of inventions, utility models of the industrial de-signs; registration of trade marks; licensing agreements; obtaining copyrights. It was found that the main purpose of knowledge management is formation of strategic competitive advantages of organization. It has been determined that the main factor impacting the efficiency of knowledge use by enterprise is the correctly organized system for management of this knowledge.


We introduce Anti-Resonant Reflecting Acoustic Waveguides (ARRAWs), implementing guidance of GHz acoustics waves through anti-resonant reflection in the cladding layer. We show that ARRAWs can simultaneously guide mid-IR optical modes, and support strong Brillouin Scattering.


The paper discusses the issues of cooperation between the transmitter and receiver during the encoding and transmission of video in jpeg 2000 format on the local network. Proposed structure of multithreaded transmitter and receiver which allows the best use of the resources of modern multi-core computing systems. The transmitter consists of a main thread (interface unit) and a number of slave threads: encoding circuit 1, encoding circuit 2, the SAP-packets transmitter and the SAP-packets receiver. The receiver consists of a main thread (interface unit) and a number of slave threads: RTP-packets receiver, the decoding circuit 1, the decoding circuit 2, the SAP-packets receiver. A structure and method of operation of the RTP-packets receiver based on the realization of the video frame buffer are offered. Scheme of interaction between the transmitter and the receiver based on the SAP-packages broadcasting is described. The sequence of the transmitter and receiver steps at the beginning and ending of the broadcast is described. This scheme does not restrict the number of transmitters and receivers in the same network. All of these approaches have been implemented and tested in the system of video stream using the format jpeg2000 in the programming environment Microsoft Visual Studio 2008 and C.


TOPCAT, the Tool for OPerations on Catalogues And Tables, is an interactive desktop application for retrieval, analysis and manipulation of tabular data, offering a powerful and flexible range of interactive visualization options amongst other features. Its visualization capabilities focus on enabling interactive exploration of large static local tables—millions of rows and hundreds of columns can easily be handled on a standard desktop or laptop machine, and various options are provided for meaningful graphical representation of such large datasets. TOPCAT has been developed in the context of astronomy, but many of its features are equally applicable to other domains. The software, which is free and open source, is written in Java, and the underlying high-performance visualisation library is suitable for re-use in other applications.


ABSTRACT The characterization of indoor (a naturally ventilated office) and outdoor (adjacent courtyard) metals in PM2.5 during a winter period in Xi'an, China were carried out. The results indicated that the average mass concentrations of PM2.5 in indoor and outdoor environments all exceeded the daily average limit of 75 µg m–3 set by the Chinese government. The dominant metals in PM2.5 were Ca, Al, Zn, Mg, Fe, and Pb in both indoor and outdoor air. Concentration of As was much higher than the standard of 6 ng m–3 issued by the government. Enrichment factor analysis showed that anthropogenic emissions might be the primary sources of As, Cd, Pb, and Zn, while crust was the main origin of Co. A majority of indoor-to-outdoor concentration ratios of metal were lower than 1 indicating mostly the contribution of outdoor sources rather than indoor ones. As and Cr in both indoor and outdoor air posed the highest noncarcinogenic and carcinogenic risks, respectively. The noncarcinogenic and carcinogenic risks were 2.74 and 2.54 × 10−4 indoor and 4.04 and 3.87 × 10−4 outdoor, which suggested that possible adverse health effects should be of concern.


Abstract Thorium-X (224Ra) preparations for therapeutic use have until recently been assayed in "e.s.u." terms, but a conversion to a curie specification has now been made both by the British and German producers. The former unit, the e.s.u.ThX, is shown to be largely based on a very early experimental technique for the measurement of α-ray ionisation, such that the geometry of the apparatus and the rapidity with which the measurement followed the separation of the ThX sample from its parent, severely limited the α particles which could participate in the ionisation. The equivalent of 1,000 e.s.u.ThX derived by this method is 173 μCi and 143 μCi of 224Ra respectively depending on the country of origin, Germany and Great Britain, respectively. Theoretical calculations made in the past have often neglected these experimental limitations, and thus provide equivalence values of about 70 μCi of 224Ra. Although the "e.s.u.ThX" would appear to have some merit in dermatological use, because it takes into account ...


This paper compared the simulation time of adopting atom-decomposition algorithm and domain-decomposition algorithm when simulating small-scale atom system in small-scale cluster.According to the atom-decomposition algorithm,optimized the force calculation of every processer and global communication which affected the parallel efficiency seriously.And it would enhance the parallel efficiency to more than 30%.At last calculated the thermal conductivity of solid argon by the use of the optimized algorithm.The simulation results are very consistent with the experimental ones,and the simulation time has reduced much.


Objective To discuss the effective nursing measures in interventional therapy for deep vein thrombosis(DVT)of lower extremities in order to improve the successful rate of the procedure and to decrease the occurrence of complications.Methods Comprehensive nursing measures,including general nursing care,specific nursing care and emergency nursing care,were employed in 63 DVT patients receiving interventional therapy.Clinical response and complications were observed.Results After the treatment,the disorder was cured in 31 cases,while excellent result was seen in 26 cases and obvious improvement in 6 cases.During the procedure,bleeding at puncture site occurred in 16 cases,pulmonary embolism in 2 cases and cerebral hemorrhage in one case.No death occurred.Conclusion Comprehensive nursing measures can effectively prevent or reduce the occurrence of complications,decrease the mortality rate.Therefore,Comprehensive nursing measures are the most helpful nursing care for DVT patients receiving interventional therapy.


A study was conducted to evaluate the effects of diets containing different levels of lysine and canola oil on growth performance and fatty acid composition of meat of broilers chicks. 240-day old Ross broiler chicks were used in a 3×2 factorial arrangement with canola oil (1, 3, and 5%) and lysine (recommended, and 25% more than recommended by Ross broiler manual) in completely randomized design with four replicates and 10 birds per each. The experimental diets were iso-caloric and iso-nitrogenous. Feed intake and body weight gain were recorded at the end of starter (10 d), grower (24 d) and finisher (42 d) periods, and feed conversion ratio was calculated. The results showed that the weight gain of chickens fed diets containing 5% canola oil were greater than those of birds fed on other diets (P<0.05). The dietary lysine had significant effect on feed intake and diets with 25% more than recommended, increased feed intake significantly (P<0.05). The canola oil×lysine interaction effects on performance were not significant. Among all treatment birds, those fed diets containing 5% canola oil had the highest meristic acid and oleic acid content in their meat. Broilers fed diets containing 3 or 5% canola oil possessed the higher content of linolenic acid and lower content of arachidonic acid in their meat (P<0.05). The results of the present experiment indicated that the diets containing canola oil (5%) and lysine at 25% higher than requirement, improve the growth performance, carcass and breast yield of broiler, and increase the accumulation of Omega-3 fatty acids in breast meat. Keywords—Broiler, canola oil, lysine, fatty acid.


It is still a question of debate whether neutrophils, often found in the tumor microenvironment, mediate tumor-promoting or rather tumor-inhibiting activities. The present study focusses on the involvement of neutrophils in high grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC). Multi-omics data comprising proteomics, eicosadomics, metabolomics, Luminex-based cytokinomics, and FACS data were generated from ascites samples. Integrated data analysis demonstrates a significant increase of neutrophil extracellular trap-(NET) associated molecules in non-miliary ascites samples. A co-association network analysis performed with the ascites data further revealed a striking co-correlation between NETosis-associated metabolites with several eicosanoids. Investigating primary neutrophils from healthy domors, NET formation was induced using ionomycin or phorbol ester. Data congruence with ascites analyses indicated the predominance of NOX-independent NETosis. NETosis is associated with S100A8/A9 release. An increase of the S100A8/CRP abundance ratio was found to correlate with improved survival of HGSOC patients. The analysis of additional five independent proteome studies with regard to S100A8/CRP ratios confirmed this observation. In conclusion, here we present evidence that increased NET formation relates to improved outcomes in cancer patients. Graphical abstract NETs releasing neutrophils through detaching of small tumor nods dictate the building of bigger in size and fewer in number of tumors in the non-miliary spreading tumor. Increased angiogenesis associated with increased blood circulation may contribute to less suppressive effects on NETs formation in the non-miliary tumor type. Tumor origin, i.e. fallopian tube for the miliary or ovary for the non-miliary tumors, may influence the angiogenesis and therewith – through facilitating of neutrophils activation – (co)determine the type of tumor spread.


The policy of handicraft industry in Qin Dynasty followed the tradition of Warring States Periods,which developed governmental handicraft industry,restrained the private handicraft industry,and encouraged the family textile industry.During the Eastern and Western Han Dynasties,the policy of developing governmental handicraft industry still played the important role, but the policy of private handicraft industry was sometimes open and sometimes controlled tightly. [


NURSExpert, a comprehensive expert system which integrates several specialized knowledge-based systems into a single tool for organizing patient care, is described. NURSExpert is composed of several highly specialized components that work together in the patient care activity. N-CAREPLAN BUILDER assists in the development of patient care plans. N-INSTRUCT is a computer-based learning system that extends nurse education to the bedside. N-INTERACTION assesses the possibility of interactions between various aspects of a patient's course of treatment (i.e. drug-drug, drug-IV, drug-lab, and drug-food). N-ACUITY assists in determining unit staffing requirements based on required patient care needs. NURSExpert is designed to be integrated into the computing environment of the typical hospital information system. In such a design, critical patient data including admissions, discharges, transfers, laboratory test results, and pharmacy orders can be made available to NURSExpert for use in its decision-making process.<<ETX>>


Soil samples in industrial areas,residential areas,commercial areas,traffic greenbelts,parks,squares and campuses of Beijing were collected to assess the accumulation of heavy metals. The concentration ranges of heavy metals in urban soils were As: 2. 98 ~ 28. 0; Cd: 0. 115 ~ 0. 649; Cu: 13. 7 ~ 741; Ni: 15. 4 ~ 214; Pb: 15. 0 ~ 429,and Zn 34. 8 ~ 891 mg·kg -1. There were no significant differences in As and Ni concentrations between urban soils and the background in Beijing,while Cd,Cu,Pb,and Zn were higher than the background concentrations in Beijing. The level of heavy metals in soils was affected partly by the usage of soils. The soils in industrial areas had the highest concentrations of Cd,Cu,Ni,Pb,and Zn,and the pollution indexes of Cu,Pb,and Zn were higher than 1. Soil concentration of As is the highest in parks,while the pollution index of As was lower than 1. The survey revealed that soils in industrial areas were polluted lightly with the composite pollution indexes in the order of industrialized areas parks areas campus residential areas squares traffic greenbelts. The level of heavy metal accumulation in urban soil was relatively light compared with some other cities in China.


Semantic segmentation has become one of the core tasks for scene understanding and many high-level works heavily rely on its performance. In the past decades, much progress has been achieved. However, some problems still need to be settled. One problem is about the challenging classification of various objects, which are with diverse viewpoints, illumination, appearance, and cluttered backgrounds, in a unified framework. The other one is focusing on the unbalanced distribution of semantic labels, where long-tail phenomenon exists and the trained model tends to be biased toward the majority classes when testing. And this problem can be regarded as the small-sample learning problem in semantic segmentation for the number of training samples upon the minority classes are small. For tackling these problems, a small-sample learning method via adversary is proposed and three contributions are claimed: 1) discriminatory modeling for semantic segmentation: two submodels are simultaneously built based on the attribute of semantic classs; 2) hierarchical contextual information consideration: both local and global contextual relationships are equally modeled under a hierarchical probabilistic graphical method and neighborhood relationship in label space are also considered; and 3) adversary learning for small-sample modeling: according to the structural relationships between small samples and the others, semantic classes are adversely modeled through computing the weighted costs. Experimental results on three benchmarks have verified the superiority of the proposed method compared with the state-of-the-arts.


The Korean Church is well-known as the Church which conducts missionary works. Despite the short church-history, the Korean Church has not only...


While strides have been made in deep learning based Bengali Optical Character Recognition (OCR) in the past decade, the absence of large Document Layout Analysis (DLA) datasets has hindered the application of OCR in document transcription, e.g., transcribing historical documents and newspapers. Moreover, rule-based DLA systems that are currently being employed in practice are not robust to domain variations and out-of-distribution layouts. To this end, we present the first multidomain large Bengali Document Layout Analysis Dataset: BaDLAD. This dataset contains 33,695 human annotated document samples from six domains - i) books and magazines, ii) public domain govt. documents, iii) liberation war documents, iv) newspapers, v) historical newspapers, and vi) property deeds, with 710K polygon annotations for four unit types: text-box, paragraph, image, and table. Through preliminary experiments benchmarking the performance of existing state-of-the-art deep learning architectures for English DLA, we demonstrate the efficacy of our dataset in training deep learning based Bengali document digitization models.


Abstract As an education reform, how have charter schools measured up? Consider the reflections of one principle about where they've been and where they're headed.


China Academy of Railway Sciences have played an important role in railway scientific and technological development and gained great results in the field of scientific research such as heavy-haul, high-speed, safety, new line construction and information technology.


ABSTRACT Focusing on violence in its various psychological, fantasmatic and physical forms, Michael Haneke's films interrogate the failures of communication and intersubjectivity through fractured and ambiguous narratives of suspicion, malaise and alienation. Taking its cue from a comment by Haneke regarding the terrorism of non-communication, this article considers the connection of these thematic and ethical tropes in Haneke's films to the manipulation of the voice/image relation in his films. The speaking face is frequently obfuscated or rendered obscure in Haneke's films as we get close-ups on body parts rather than faces, extreme long shots or darkened shots of speaking figures, voiceless characters and other audiovisual disturbances. Drawing on the work of Michel Chion on the acousmetre and mutism, and paying particular attention to Der siebente Kontinent, Code Inconnu and Das weisse Band, I argue that Haneke stresses a tension between voice and image that offers insight into the themes of non-communication and subjectivity in his films.


Ucigame (pronounced OO-see-GAH-me) is a Java package that supports the programming of 2D sprite-based computer games. Designed for novice programmers, it enables students in an introductory class to write computer games that have animated sprites, music and sound effects, and event-driven keyboard and mouse handling. Ucigame has also been used successfully in a senior-level class for experienced programmers.


In this study of eighteen wheel loader operators, test-driving a machine in three different traction force settings, we examine if a workload index derived from psychophysiological measurements of ...


Clinical translation of new diagnostic or therapeutic approaches is one of the gate keepers in the evolution of patient management. Photonics-based diagnostic technologies are spearheading clinical translation. In 2021, the publication count for searches of "Photodynamic (-therapy OR -diagnosis) AND clinical translation" started to pick up significantly. Indeed since 2021, 229 works are listed in Clarivate's Web of Science, of which 129 are reviews exemplifying the interest in this topic. In all works, nanotechnology-related investigations are dominant, but other developments in photosensitizer design are also prominent. Over 60% of all listed publications are generated by researchers from the People's Republic of China, reflecting the keen interest in enabling photodynamic therapy as cost-competitive therapy for oncology and other clinical indications. In late 2021, we set out to obtain an update on the translational status of photodynamic diagnostics and therapeutics with a special call for Translational Biophotonics. While only seven manuscripts were accepted for this issue, some of the trends observed during the Web of Science search are also noticed here. The vast majority of the accepted manuscripts originate from the People's Republic of China. Retrospective analyses of previously treated patient cohorts are dominant [1–4], covering keloids, genital warts, port-wine stain (PWS) and condyloma acuminatum treatment, indicating the predominance of these superficial non-oncological indications over oncological therapies in clinical translation. These clinical studies investigated PDT either as an adjuvant to standard therapies (as in the case of surgery for keloid treatment [1]) or as stand-alone therapy vs standard therapies (as in the case of PWS [2], condyloma acuminatum (with prior hair removal) [3] and genital warts [4]). While none of these studies resulted in game-changing advantages of PDT vs standard therapy or of PDT as adjuvant therapy or in combination with adjuvant measures, some reduction in recurrence in keloids, genital warts and port-wine stains were noted. All publications reported an increase in patient satisfaction due to the treatment. Patient acceptance is an often-underappreciated parameter for the widespread adoption of a novel therapy. The port-wine stain study is reporting a 10-year follow-up with stable results. Similar observations were also noted by van Raath et al [5], who reported no improvement in PWS outcome over the past 3 decades. The manuscript by Yao et al [6] reports on an oncological clinical study on chlorin e6 derivative mediated PDT treatments on 18 patients with cervical and vaginal low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions. Very high rates of complete response and HPV remission were observed at the 6-month follow-up, higher than achieved, for example, with ALA-induced PpIX as reported recently [7, 8]. Shi et al demonstrated that combining surgery and two ALA-induced PpIX-mediated PDT treatments was successful in a patient with keratoacanthoma-like squamous cell carcinoma [9]. Over 5000 articles are now listed since 2020 in the Web of Science for the search terms "nanotechnology and (cancer or oncology)" when restricted to clinical research. Hence, the review by Gaber and Fadel [10] of 14 studies with nanoparticle-based PDT is timely. As for the clinical studies reported above, ongoing clinical trials with nanoparticle-mediated PDT focus predominantly on non-oncological indications, from acne, warts and vitiligo to tinea capitis. One of the major advantages of nanoparticle formulations beyond enabling multimodal therapies (chemo and thermal) is overcoming the hydrophobicity of the majority of photosensitizers. The hydrophilic nature of the nanoconstructs enables photosensitizer accumulation in subcellular compartments. We thank the reviewers who helped the authors improve their results' presentation and the Journal's staff for the professional completion of this issue.


This study, performed on children aged 5, 8, and 10, and on adults, deals with conceptual knowledge organization using a word association task. Participants were presented with concept nouns at superordinate, basic, and subordinate level. Their productions were coded according to 4 kinds of relations: taxonomic, thematic, attributive, and evaluative relations. The following results were found at all the considered ages: a. not only lower but also superordinate level concepts elicit attributive relations; b. the production of thematic relations outnumbers that of taxonomic relations thus showing that there is no thematic to taxonomic shift. These results suggest a revision of the criteria on which cognitive economy rests in knowledge organization that will probably lead to a more complex view of the cognitive economy principle.


Objective:To investigate the application of human leukocyte antigen(HLA) matching and anti-HLA antibodies detection in the related-living kidney transplantation,and the relationship between HLA matching,antibodies detection and the outcomes of transplantation.Methodology:Sixty-six patients who had received related-living kidney transplantation were enrolled in this study.Their HLA were typed and matched by polymerase chain reaction-sequence specific primer(PCR-SSP).The complement-dependent cytotoxicity(CDC) cross-match was used between recipients and living-related donors pre-transplantation.The serum panel reactive antibodies(PRA) of recipients were screened and monitored with enzyme-linked immune absorbent(ELISA) assay.The clinical outcomes of related-living kidney transplantation were also analyzed.Results:Sixty-three cases were detected PRA negative pre-transplantation.In 57 cases with 0-3 HLA mismatch(MM),3(5.26%)developed delayed graft function(DGF) and 2(3.51%) had acute rejection(AR).In 6 cases with HLA 4-6 MM,1(16.7%) developed DGF and 2(33.3%) had AR,respectively.The incidence of AR in HLA 0-3MM cases was significantly lower than that in HLA 4-6 MM(P0.05),while there was no significant difference in the incidence of DGF.There was no significant difference in the cases with different clinical immunosuppressive therapy(P0.05).All of cases occurred AR were reversed by methylpredisone(MP) pulse therapy and anti-thymus globulin(ATG) treatments.3 pre-sensitized recipients(PRA 35%-87.5%),HLA 2-3MM,were monitored by PRA detection to observe the dynamic variety of anti-HLA antibodies.One recovered as expected with PRA was no change with normal renal function.The others changed to PRA negative naturally or by plasmapheresis pre-transplantation,and developed AR post-transplantation,but returned normal kidney function after ATG treatment.Their antibodies were recurrent mildly.Conclusion:HLA matching of living-related kidney transplantation with anti-HLA bodies detection is benefit to increase the chance of the patients received the transplantation,decrease the allograft rejection,reduce the dose of the immunosuppressive agents and improve the outcomes of the transplantation.


In the object inheritance of SR DEVS, partial or overall asset inheritance can be possible. To a asset inherited from parent object, by respective dedicated function a child object can implement partial or whole asset, or not. Even though a child has a inherited asset, if the asset is the hidden property its implementation will not be provided. A inherited asset cannot be showed in whole asset implementation, or it can be implemented by special system state. Here, the whole asset implementation means may include time parameter. In this paper, we describe a determination probability scheme for partial or whole asset inherited from the parent object to determine the hidden inheritance. By the determination probability function it is decided that the inherited asset will be hidden or normal asset.


Background: A typical step in the analysis of gene expression data is the determination of clusters of genes that exhibit similar expression patterns. Researchers are confronted with the seemingly arbitrary choice between numerous algorithms to perform cluster analysis. Results: We developed an exploratory application that benchmarks the results of clustering methods using functional annotations. In addition, a de novo DNA motif discovery algorithm is integrated in our program which identifies overrepresented DNA binding sites in the upstream DNA sequences of genes from the clusters that are indicative of sites of transcriptional control. The performance of our program was evaluated by comparing the original results of a time course experiment with the findings of our application. Conclusion: DISCLOSE assists researchers in the prokaryotic research community in systematically evaluating results of the application of a range of clustering algorithms to transcriptome data. Different performance measures allow to quickly and comprehensively determine the best suited clustering approach for a given dataset. 1 Background DNA microarray technology is commonly used to study mRNA expression levels of genes under different experimental conditions. Clustering approaches are widely used in the analysis of gene expression data. The ability to identify groups of genes exhibiting similar expression patterns by clustering allows for detailed biological insights into global regulation of gene expression and cellular processes. Clustering methodology is considered a potent means to infer putative gene function [1,2]. In the process of the analysis of transcriptome data, researchers are often faced with the choice between a wide variety of clustering methods and associated parameters. The results of the application of different clustering algorithms to the same dataset will place genes in different Published: 16 December 2008 BMC Bioinformatics 2008, 9:535 doi:10.1186/1471-2105-9-535 Received: 25 April 2008 Accepted: 16 December 2008 This article is available from: http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2105/9/535 © 2008 Blom et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Page 1 of 11 (page number not for citation purposes) BMC Bioinformatics 2008, 9:535 http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2105/9/535 clusters and therefore result in different biological interpretations of the same dataset. Moreover, selecting the most appropriate clustering method and parameters heavily depends on the experience of the researcher and on the nature of the dataset analyzed. Several studies have shown the relevance of applying external measures (i.e., using prior biological knowledge) to more objectively evaluate the results of clustering algorithms ([3-6]). Central in this approach is the assumption that genes involved in similar biological processes are more likely to be co-transcribed. Therefore, selecting a clustering method the clusters of which are most enriched with biological processes is considered as a relevant starting point for the biological interpretation of a DNA microarray dataset [6-9]. Co-clustered genes may also represent a candidate set of coregulated genes, i.e., genes of which the expression is regulated by the same transcription factor. The discovery of putative regulatory motifs in cis-regulatory regions of genes that are part of the same cluster could therefore allow identification of new TF targets [10]. Existing implementations that employ motif discovery on clusters obtained by DNA microarray [7,8,11] leave the downstream analysis of the motifs to be performed by the researcher. More importantly, no feedback concerning the results of the analysis is presented for the used clustering algorithm and associated parameters, making it difficult to compare the effect on the results of different clustering parameters or methods to the same dataset. Ideally, quantitative information concerning the functional and motif enrichments of the tested clusters should be provided after each clustering analysis. This information would then allow for a more objective selection of optimal clustering parameters based on biological criteria. Lastly, all available software packages are not specifically suited for prokaryotic data analysis since they do not support prokaryote-specific data sources (e.g., operons, specific genome annotations). We have developed the application DISCLOSE for prokaryotes that benchmarks clustering methods using biological annotations and the SCOPE DNA binding site detection algorithm [12]. This algorithm allows the prediction of cis-regulatory motifs of genes which are part of the same cluster. In addition, additional occurrences of identified motifs are determined. Moreover, putative motifs are compared with known DNA binding sites as well as a functional analysis of the genes bearing the motif in their upstream region. 2 Program overview The DISCLOSE application allows for an automated scoring based on different criteria of the different clusters in each clustering analysis. This scoring is followed by a decision by the researcher on the most suitable clustering method for the dataset analyzed based on one metric. Various metrics (see below) are available to assess the results of the clustering analysis. Each metric provides for a unique measure to filter the results of a clustering analysis and can therefore be used to address different research questions; e.g., selection of a clustering analysis which yields a large number of overrepresented motifs or a clustering analysis which produces a large number of significant overrepresented metabolic pathways. Based on the chosen clustering analysis, DISCLOSE provides an indepth analysis of clustering results together with an intuitive visualization. 2.1 Input A process overview of DISCLOSE is shown in Figure 1. The input data for DISCLOSE consists of transcriptome data (Fig. 1A) and genome files (e.g., EMBL or Genbank). DISCLOSE supports a broad variety of prokaryotic gene identifiers, including locus tags and gene names. The DNA binding site detection algorithm uses operon information and the genomic sequence in FASTA format (see Fig. 1G). However, DISCLOSE also supports a single gene-based analysis if no operon information is available. Moreover, known binding site information can be used to evaluate the results of the DNA binding site detection algorithm. 2.2 Processing 2.2.1 Clustering of gene expression data Two widely used clustering algorithms (K-means and Self Organizing Maps) from the TIGR Multiexperiment Viewer (MeV) package http://www.tm4.org/mev.html are implemented in DISCLOSE (Fig. 1B). The application of different parameter settings to a clustering analysis is facilitated by allowing for a parameter range and/or different correlation measures for each clustering approach, e.g., a Kmeans clustering with five to twenty clusters using Euclidean and Pearson correlation measures (Fig. 1C). 2.2.2 Evaluation of external clustering applications The two most used clustering algorithms have been implemented in DISCLOSE. Since many other clustering methods exist, we have chosen to allow the evaluation of results obtained from external clustering applications in DISCLOSE (Fig. 1D). 2.2.3 Evaluating clusters using biological knowledge The identification of significantly enriched categories in a cluster of co-expressed genes enables users to focus on relevant biological phenomena. Assuming a normal distribution of the number of genes from the clusters for each functional category, one expects a difference in the proPage 2 of 11 (page number not for citation purposes) BMC Bioinformatics 2008, 9:535 http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2105/9/535 portion of genes for a category present in each cluster compared to the genes from a reference set (e.g., the remaining genes from the studied organism). To identify clusters that contain a significantly enriched number of genes from a certain functional class, the distribution of genes from a gene set (e.g., a cluster of genes) is compared to the genes in the reference set (e.g., the remainder of the genes in all other clusters). A hypergeometric distribution test is used to calculate pvalues for each functional category from each cluster. This p-value describes the probability of observing an enrichment of genes from a functional category in a cluster by chance (Fig. 1E). The number of false-positives for the initial cluster evaluation (Fig. 1E) is controlled by a strict Bonferroni multiple testing correction (taking into account the clustering runs), while additional corrections ([13]) are used upon detailed analysis of selected results. 2.2.4 De novo identification of DNA binding sites Clustering algorithms allow for the identification of groups of genes that exhibit similar expression patterns. This co-expression could be explained by transcriptional co-regulation. Identification of overrepresented DNA binding sites in genes of the same cluster is performed by the SCOPE method [12]. This method utilizes three specialized algorithms; BEAM for non-degenerate motifs, PRISM for degenerate motifs and SPACER for bipartite motifs. Key aspects of SCOPE are high sensitivity and specificity for a broad range of motifs (i.e., perfect, degenerated and gapped motifs), requirement of a minimum of parameters for motif detection, and speed [12]. 2.2.5 Characterization of putative motifs For various model organisms reference databases on transcriptional regulation have been created that summarize experimentally characterized transcription factors, their Flow diagram igure 1 Flow diagram. The DISCLOSE application uses functional categories to evaluate the cluster results given a dataset (A),


Cyclisations of the enones (1)–(3) and the related epoxides (4)–(6) have been investigated and shown to give tetra- and tri-cyclic compounds in variable yield.


We study the effects of dipole trap wavelength and power on the number of laser-cooled atoms loaded into a hollow-core optical fiber to optimize the trade-oft's between the observed loss mechanisms.


Warned of a dangerous trap by a fortune teller, the reader, suddenly caught up in a series of events that seem to have been foretold in the writings of a sixteenth-century witch, must make choices to decide the outcome of the story.


As part of the upgrading of the First Ring Road within Kuwait City to full motorway standard, grade separated interchanges were incorporated into the design. Rather than utilising flyovers to achieve the separation, incoming arterial roads were designed to be at grade with the RingRoad being depressed below ground level, so forming a large trough. Ground water level within the City is very high, the City being close to the sea, so resulting in considerable uplift forces for the depressed roadway which was being formed within a concrete trough. To resist these forces, both ground anchorages and tension piles were considered. A preliminary testing programme was undertaken to compare the merits of both ground anchorages and tension piles. Following the results of the testing, ground anchorages were chosen for the design. Modifications during the design period were such that an underreamed ground anchorage was to be used. During the construction of the works further site specific anchorage testing was undertaken to prove the anchorage system to be used within the works. This paper describes the findings of both test programmes with respect to ground anchorages, as well as the results of long term monitoring of anchorages incorporated within the works. (A) For the covering abstract see IRRD 898458.


Background and aim: Many societies in low-and middle-income (LMICs) countries face increasing environmental challenges, while also have minimal capacities to monitor and assess their impacts on population health, and therefore to inform decision making and policy. The European Union (EU) has supported the research in Environment and Health (EH) for more than 3 decades through its Framework Programmes of Research and Innovation, resulting in over 500 research projects, and investing close to €2 billion until 2020. The aim was to examine in detail the distribution of such funding across the European region and internationally, and in supporting EH capacities. Methods: An analysis of EU Horizon 2020 (2014-20) was carried out initially, assessing 269 funded projects linked to EH, totalling to €1.1 billion. The distribution of funding by country, institution, coordination, provisions for supporting research and policy capacities and capabilities, and how these have changed overtime were examined for EH domains (i.e. air pollution, urban health, climate change, EH Policy). Results: In all EH funding domains, the majority of the funding and coordination went to just a handful of countries (Spain, UK, Netherlands, Germany, France, Italy) and institutions. Societal Challenges 1 (SC1) and SC5, and Scienti�c Excellence received 77%, while the Spreading Excellence and Widening Participation projects aimed at building and strengthening capacities in EH only 3% of this funding. There was little indication that the majority of these projects contributed to EH capacity building in LMICs. Conclusions: Inequalities in the EU funding distribution for EH


Abstract A detailed description is presented of the hemodialysis treatment for 6 weeks of a patient strongly positive for hepatitis B virus ([HBV], hepatitis B surface antigen, hepatitis B e antigen, HBV DNA), which was performed without any special precautions. All 59 patients potentially exposed to the HBV-positive patient, of whom 29 appeared fully unprotected by antibody, were followed for at least 9 months but remained negative. This illustrates the feasibility of following Universal Precautions instead of using exceptional procedures for one single agent


It discloses an organic light emitting diode display device and a driving method. The organic light emitting diode display device includes pixels, each pixel includes a light emitting element for driving the light emitting element driving circuit. A pixel driving circuit comprising: driving the switching elements, together with the light emitting element connected in series between a high voltage power supply line and a low voltage power supply line; a first switching element, responsive to a first scan line data signal and connected to the gate of the drive switching element connecting a first node; a second switching element, a second scan signal in response to the initialization voltage supply line and connected to the driving source of the switching element of a second node connection; a third switching element in response to a signal emitting high drain voltage supply line and a driving switching elements are connected; and a first capacitor connected between the first node and the second node between.


This paper examines the economic impact of the African Development Bank on the African continent and compares its resources and those of its counterparts, the Inter-American Development Bank and the Asian Development Bank. The first chapter of the paper discusses the evolution of regional development banks and presents the statements of the problem and the hypothesis of the study. The second chapter analyses the history of the African Development Bank Group, and the .third discusses its lending operations to 1979. The fourth chapter compares the lending activities and resources of the three regional development banks (African, Inter-American, and Asian), and the final chapter presents the paper's conclusions and recommendations.


Abstract An essay on the fourth season DVD boxed set of the politically uncompromising HBO series, The Wire (created by Ed Burns and David Simon), an urban crime drama of unprecedented complexity that is unusual in featuring a cast largely composed of African Americans.


The complexities of second language teaching and how it is learned cannot be understood exclusively from the "outside" perspective.In recent years the importance of narrative inquiry has been widely acknowledged in the field of second language teacher education.The paper mainly probes into three aspects of narrative inquiry,namely,its theoretical background,its nature and its contribution to second language teacher development.


The heavy metals pollution in representative vegetable soils in the suburb of Nanjing was evaluated by weighted mean method.The weight of evaluation index was determined by improved analytic hierarchy process(AHP) with second level of soil environment quality standard(GB 15618-1995) as criterion.The results showed that the average single factor pollution index of Cu,Pb,Cr in study area was less than 1,their standard-exceeding rate was no more than 10.32%;the average single factor pollution index of Cd was 2.15,its standard-exceeding rate reached to 84.13%.So,further Cd pollution investigation or risk assessment should be done to the soil and receptor of study area.The integrated pollution index of soil heavy metals was 1.28,which means the soils in study area was slightly sullied.The space distribution of soil heavy metals pollution was analyzed by ArcGIS 8.3,it revealed that the polluting order of heavy metals was CdPbCuCr,and their space distribution was similar.Urbanization activity was the biggest contribution to soil heavy metals pollution.81.16% of soil in study area was stained by heavy metals,3.78% belonged to bottom level,and 15.06% was at safety level.


U Minh Ha National Park (UMHNP) is one of the important biosphere reserves in Viet Nam, this park still has a pristine ecosystem like natural melaleuca forest on peatland in the core zone of UMHNP. Melaleuca forest is not only economic revenue for native people but also the habitat for all the species in UMHNP. However, facing to current climate change and fire prevention of UMHNP has made the growth of melaleuca forest get some negative effects. Melaleuca cajuput can grow in a wetland if the depth of water is not high and waterlogged duration is not last long. If the water depth is over 50 cm and waterlogged duration is more than 5-6 months the roots of this land will be damaged. Currently under the condition of climate change, in the dry season, the high temperature and prolonged heat make the herbaceous and liana vegetation die and form burning materials. Unevenly distributed rainfall combined with prolonged heat increases the risk of forest fire, especially in the last months of the dry season. To prevent forest fires, the U Minh Ha national management board always maintains high water levels in canals, maintaining high water levels for a long time reducing the risk of forest fire but also makes peat land dilated leads to the fallen of Melaleuca trees. At the same time, at the beginning of the rainy season, heavy local rainfall led to the phenomenon of alum in this area. This research has shown the current state of U Minh Ha National Park under climate change status and proposed some measures to help Melaleuca forest grows sustainably.


Abstract This research aims to develop a controller for aircraft starter/generators using a digital signal processor (DSP) TMS320C25. A starter/generator is a DC machine carrying on two reverse operations - motor and generator. The whole control activity includes current control for motor operation, voltage control for generator operation, and electronics actions in the transitions for mode changes. Field control is the key issue of this research. A PWM DC chopper is employed for the field drive. A switching type of shunt field resistances is proposed to armature current control so that the motor operation can maintain sufficient output torque for engine starting. A DSP voltage regulator is prototyped and verified. The switching nature of the PWM drive makes variable structure control (VSC) a reasonable choice for control design. The experimental results demonstrate that VSC has much better performance than a continuous PI controller. Robustness tests against rotating speed and load current variations also give supporting results


An artist's approach to materials science Material transformation is a pervasive theme in Cornelia Parker's latest exhibition, which opened with a firework display created by Parker and Konstantin Novoselov, who won the Nobel Prize for Physics in 2010 for his co-discovery of graphene. According to reviewer Deborah Dixon, the pieces range from playful, to reflective, and combine the sense of wonder and excitement experienced by scientists when new materials emerge with an artist's interpretation of the possibilities these materials create.


The purpose of the article is to study algorithms for the formal description of information and communication systems. The article discusses the main provisions on the formal representation of objects of information and communication systems. It is noted that the main environments of the information and communication system that are subject to a formal description are: physical environment, computing system environment, user environment, information environment. These components of the information and communication system are considered in detail, analyzed and documented in an informal form (in the form of text). There is a need for a mechanism for a unified description of a system that includes all environments. Such a description will be unambiguously formalized with well-defined mathematical concepts. The mechanism of a single formal description or the technique of a formal description will be unambiguous in understanding and serve as a control description when developing an information security policy in an information and communication system. An algorithm for the formal description of the information and communication system is proposed. In this algorithm, it is proposed to focus on the types and interaction of objects with each other. In such a scheme, attention is focused on such concepts as the object, the characteristics of the object, and the type of interaction with the object. Further consideration of the created block diagrams (graphs) is proposed to explore the possibilities of using this model to simulate cyber-attacks. Since each element contains fields that connect it to other elements, and each attack has an "entry point" using graph theory, it is possible to traverse the graph to determine the possible horizontal propagation paths of a cyber-attack.


In this work we present a detector module based on large-area silicon photomultiplier, whose design has been optimized for time-domain diffuse optics measurements. In this application, to the best of our knowledge, it represents the largest area detector ever demonstrated, with expected breakthrough performance in terms of scattered light harvesting efficiency. It has been characterized using widely adopted protocols for performance assessment of instruments. We demonstrate the superior light harvesting capability and improved depth sensitivity, which can reach 4 cm. Moreover, the retrieval of optical properties has been demonstrated to be linear and with sufficient accuracy in the range corresponding to the human tissues. As a first step toward clinical application, we first performed in-vivo measurement at very large source-detector distances to show the suitability of the realized detector to tackle new challenges like lung or heart optical monitoring as well as imaging of deep cerebral function.


OBJECTIVE
to describe the first 13 cases of laparoscopic correction of common bile duct cyst in the Pequeno Príncipe Hospital, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil.

METHODS
we performed a retrospective analysis of medical records of cases of choledochal cyst operated by laparoscopy between March 2014 and September 2016.

RESULTS
of the 13 patients, eight were female and the mean age at surgery was 7.8 years. The most common symptom was abdominal pain. The hepaticoduodenal anastomosis was the most used reconstruction technique, in 84.6% of the cases. There was no conversion to laparotomy or intraoperative complications. Only one patient presented anastomotic fistula and was reoperated by laparotomy. All patients were followed up in an outpatient clinic, were asymptomatic and had no episode of cholangitis after surgery, with a mean follow-up of 16 months.

CONCLUSION
laparoscopy is a safe method to correct choledochal cysts, even in younger children, with low rates of complications and low rates of conversion to open surgery when performed by well trained surgeons.


The paper focuses on numerical analysis of temperature field into a magneto-rheological clutch. The magneto-rheological fluid is used for a clutch operated at different speeds. The magneto-rheological clutch application was developed due to the magnetic control and fast response. The two dimensional axi-symmetric computational domain corresponds to the experimental magneto-rheological clutch. The numerical simulations have been performed for seven speed values with zero magnetic fields. Firstly, the temperature map for magneto-rheological clutch is computed. Secondly, the temperature value obtained on the outside casing wall is validated against experimental data. Next, the maximum temperature value was identified based on numerical simulation in all domain of the magneto-rheological fluid. The numerical results will be used to improve the magneto-rheological clutch operation/design.


Two experiments examine the hypothesis that aging would influence a generation effect when the difficulty of the task is increased. We compared young and elderly subjects in three learning conditions : reading, easy generation and hard generation. In the first experiment, the target words were generated from a highly associated word context, whereas a low-association word context was used in the second experiment. The results show that elderly subjects do not benefit as much as the young ones from the advantage brought by the generation situation of target words on their reading, when the hard generation and the low association conditions are combined (experiment 2).


Abstract We have demonstrated the efficacy of a carbon nitride/polyaniline coated cotton fabric, as a smart self-cleaning material. The preparation of carbon nitride (CN) was carried out by thermal polymerization method and polyaniline (PANI) by chemical polymerization technique. The carbon nitride blended conducting polyaniline composite was coated over cotton fabric by using pad dry cure method. The carbon nitride polyaniline composite coated cotton fabrics show improved photocatalytic decomposition efficiency of 90% toward Rhodamine-B dye. The enhanced photocatalytic self-cleaning properties were achieved by using different colored dye stains under simulated solar light irradiation. The carbon nitride polyaniline composite has also shown good antimicrobial activity against gram negative bacteria. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT


This paper proposed a novel first-order single-valued neutrosophic hesitant fuzzy time series (SVNHFTS) forecasting model. Our aim is to improve the previously proposed neutrosophic time series (NTS) model by incorporating the degree of the hesitancy using single-valued neutrosophic hesitant fuzzy set (SVNHFS) model instead of single-valued neutrosophic set (SVNS). Our paper's novelty is that we incorporate an algorithm that automatically converts the crisp dataset into the neutrosophic set that eliminates the need for experts' input or opinions in determining the membership in each of the partitioned neutrosophic set. We also incorporate Markov Chain algorithm in the de-neutrosophication process to include the weightage of the repeating neutrosophic logical relationships (NLRs). Our paper's significant contribution is to add to the existing body of knowledge related to fuzzy time series (FTS) by developing a new FTS model based on SVNHFS, one of the improved version of fuzzy sets, since this area of research is still relatively underdeveloped. To determine our proposed model's capability, we apply our proposed SVNHFTS model to three real datasets while also comparing the result to the other FTS models based on improved versions of fuzzy sets. Our datasets include benchmark enrollment data of University of Alabama, IDX Composite (Indonesian composite stock index), and MERVAL index (Argentinian composite stock index). The result shows that our proposed SVNHFTS model outperforms most of the other FTS models in terms of AFE and RMSE, especially the previously proposed NTS model.


Consumers see many brands during the course of a day but often pay very little attention to how such exposures will influence their subsequent decisions. This research examines how being exposed to multiple brands at once affects consumers' reactions to these brands, particularly when little effort is exerted in processing this information. Focusing on the role of brand personalities, we argue that when a focal brand is seen with a brand that has a dissimilar personality, it will seem more distinctive and thus garner more positive consumer reactions than if it is seen with a brand that has a similar personality. The first two experiments provide support for the positive impact of dissimilar brand personalities under low-elaboration settings. The last two experiments examine the process that leads to stronger preferences for the focal brand and suggest that enhanced distinctiveness benefits the focal brand by differentiating it from similar competitors.


The invention relates to a shell low-pressure rotary compressor which comprises a compressor and an oil separator, wherein the pressure inside the shell of the compressor is a low pressure side; a motor and a compressor component connected with the motor are accommodated in the sealed shell; the compressor component comprises an air cylinder, an air cylinder compressor cavity accommodating a free rotary piston and arranged in the air cylinder, a crankshaft driving the piston, a main bearing and an auxiliary bearing which both support the crankshaft and are arranged on the upper part and the lower part of the air cylinder, and a sliding blade arranged in a sliding blade cavity; the end part of the sliding blade is supported on the outer edge of the piston, an exhaust pipe of the compressor is communicated with a gas inlet pipe arranged on the upper part of the oil separator, a gas outlet pipe arranged on the lateral side of the oil separator is communicated with a condenser, and an oil outlet pipe arranged on the bottom of the oil separator is communicated with the inner side of the integration or the inner side of the air cylinder compressor cavity. The compressor has simple and reasonable structure and low manufacture cost, can ensure the air cylinder compressor cavity to obtain optimal oil during compression, and can also ensure the lubrication of the sliding blade.


Background In COVID-19 patients undetected co-infections may have severe clinical implications associated with prolonged hospitalization, ICU admission, and mortality. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the impact of viral coinfections on the outcomes of hospitalized patients with COVID-19 in a large tertiary Saudi Arabian Hospital. Methods A total of 178 adult patients with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 who were hospitalized at the Armed Forces Hospital Southern Region (AFHSR), Saudi Arabia, from March 1st to June 30th 2022, were enrolled. Real-time PCR for the detection of viral co‑infections was carried out. Cases (SARS-CoV-2 with viral coinfections) and control (SARS-CoV-2 mono-infection) groups were compared. Results 12/178 (7%) of enrolled COVID-19 patients had viral coinfections. 82/178 (46%) of patients were males. 58% of patients had comorbidities. During the study period, 4/12 (33%) and 21/166 (13%) cases and control patients died, p=0.047, respectively. Duration of hospitalization was the only significant independent factor associated with SARS-CoV-2 coinfections, OR 1.140, 95% CI 1.020-1.274, p=0.021. Conclusions The findings of this study from a large tertiary Saudi Arabian Center revealed a prevalence of 7% for SARS-CoV-2 viral coinfections. SARS-CoV-2 coinfected patients had a significantly prolonged duration of hospitalization and higher mortality than those with SARS-CoV-2 alone. Future studies are needed


Our objective is to provide a framework for measuring brand equity, that is, the added value to the product endowed by the brand. Based on a demand and supply model, we propose a structural model that enables testing the structural effect of brand equity (demand side effect) on brand value (supply side effect), using Monte Carlo simulation. Our main research question is which of the three brand value measurement methods (price premium, revenue premium and profit premium) is more suitable from the perspective of the structural link between brand equity and brand value. Our model is based on recent developments in random coefficients model applications.


The gulupa belongs to the family Passi oraceae, it is native to the American tropics and it is characterized by its exotic and distinctive aroma, quality that makes it attractive for the European market, which must meet standards of harmless. To do this, a method was evaluated for the simultaneous analysis of residual eect of methyl-parathion, malathion, deltamethrin and chlorothalonil in this matrix. The QuEChERS skill was applied following a modication of the protocol EN 15662 formed by three stages, the rst one consists of a removal with acetonitrile (MeCN) that includes a process of saline precipitation of the sample in aqueous medium. In the second step, a cleanliness is made using diverse sorbents to remove most of components coextracted with the analytes and nally, the instrumental analysis is realized using the gaseous chromatography ECD. In the analysis of linearity was obtained correlations of 0,9991; 0,9998 and 0,9992 for methyl-parathion, malathion and deltamethrin respectively; which fullled the signicance tests, residual, slope and intercept. There were achieved limits of quantication of 0,035 mg/kg for methylparathion and 0,02 mg/kg for the other two compounds were achieved, all of them with uncertainty estimates less than 50 %. In addition, they fullled the criteria of accuracy and precision established in SANCO, 12571 (2013), achieving a successful validation for these three pesticides although chlorothalonil did not comply with the parameters of linearity and limit of quantication required to be approved.


Objective To observe the changes of the mandibular blood circulation following high-velocity projectile mandibular injury in dogs.Methods Eight dogs were divided in two groups.They were injured by biological high-speed projective system of the multifunctional biological impactor on maxillofacial region.In group A,microcirculation was examined 6 hours after injury at the edge of fracture and areas of 3mm,5mm,10mm away from the bone defect respectively by means of ink perfusion and color doppler flow imaging(CDFI).In group B,microcirculation was examined 6 hours,1,3,7,14 days after injury respectively at the edge of fracture in the same way.Results After high-velocity projectile injury,the proportion of vascular area and blood flow at the edge of fracture and 3mm around bone defect both decreased obviously(P0.01) comparing with the control sides.And at all time points,this situation didn't improve.But in the region of 5mm and 10mm around bone defect,there was no significant difference of the proportion of vascular area and blood flow.Conclusion The mandible's microcirculation is not severely affected out of the range of 0.5cm around the fracture,resulting in providing the theoretical basis for distraction osteogenesis in repairing mandibular defect by firearm injury.


I Scholars have seen Chaucer's Manciple as a critic of unrestricted tongues and dangerous language, even as a pilgrim who regrets his one speech in the Canterbury Tales.1 In the words of Louise Fradenburg, ''Language—its uses and abuses—has seemed to so many critics to be what the tale is 'about.' ''2 Much of the critical attention to language or speech in the tale has tended to concern the court and the


Christian von Loeffelholz, M.D. Andreas L. Birkenfeld, M.D. 3-5 Integrated Research and Treatment Center Center for Sepsis Control and Care Friedrich Schiller University Jena Jena, Germany Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Jena University Hospital Jena, Germany Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden Helmholtz Center Munich at University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine TU Dresden Dresden, Germany German Centre for Diabetes Research Neuherberg, Germany Division of Diabetes & Nutritional Sciences Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine King's College London London, UK


A midinfrared mass sensor based on high quality factor surface plasmon modes was designed, fabricated, and tested by infrared spectroscopy for the detection of nanometric layers of dielectric materials. Substrate removal below a metal mesh with period of 2 μm results in the coupling between degenerate surface plasmon modes on the two surfaces, resulting in a quality factor up to 33 for the antisymmetric mode. The presented substrateless metal mesh integrates mass sensing capability together with midinfrared spectroscopy, and is therefore of potential interest for substance-selective environmental and biomedical sensing applications


Observation of radioxenon accumulation in the liver of patients during routine pulmonary ventilation studies suggested that hepatic xenon accu mulation might result from increased hepatic fat content. Hepatic xenon 133 accumulation was studied in paired rat litter mates, one with alcohol induced fatty liver, the control fed isocaloric glucose. Xenon accumulation was increased in fatty livers and paralleled the amount of liver fat. During routine ventilation studies in 42 patients, hepatic xenon accumulation and retention were correlated with alcoholic drinking history and hepatic func tion studies. Of 15 patients without xenon accumulation, 1 had a drinking history. Of 13 patients with 1 + hepatic xenon, five had a drinking history, three were diabetic, two were obese, and two had elevated lipid levels. Of six patients with 2+ hepatic xenon, four had a drinking history, one had no drinking history recorded, and one was diabetic; two had abnormal liver-function studies. All five patients with 3+ hepatic xenon had a drink ing history and abnormal liver function. Of three patients with 4+ hepatic xenon, two had a drinking history and abnormal liver function ; the other was an obese diabetic. There was a parallel between the degree of hepatic xenon accumulation and the degree of suspected alcoholic fatty infiltration or diabetes determined from the clinical data. These results suggest the possible utility of hepatic radioxenon accumulation as a diagnostic test for fatty infiltration of the liver.


Factors limiting the development of rural sports come from the economic,cultural,managerial,operational,school sports and competitive sports aspects.To fully develop rural sports the governmental functions should be strengthened.Measures should be taken to help people's better recognition of the importance of sports.Organizational institutions should be further established.More professional staff should be trained.And events with particular features should be developed.The roles of school sports should be highlighted to form the habit of doing physical exercises.More professional instructions should be given.Fitness testing should be popularized.Finally,more funds for sports should be gathered.


Soya bean plants (cv. Lee) were grown at high and low atmospheric humiditiees in controlled environments. A constant level watering system ensured an adequate supply of water at all times. Bean yields decreased at the low humidity as a result of a reduction m pod number and thus bean number, which was only partly compensated by a small increase In bean weight The reduction In pod number was related to floret abortion rather than pod abortion, and was possibly a consequence of reduced photosynthate supply. The level of humidity did not affect the protein or oil content of the seed. The lower humidity also reduced the dry weights of stems and total tops and the number of nodes per plant. The humidity level before or after flowering alone did not affect bean yield, but the humidity from the start of flowering onwards did affect the number of beans per plant. The possible significance of the results for soya bean production In the Australian environment is considered.


The reproductive success of Callianassa kraussi exposed to a water-soluble fraction of Qatar crude oil was investigated on the basis of embryonic development, hatching success, larval development and survival of post-larval stages. Embryos showed a number of abnormalities, of which only one occurred in numbers that could be related to oil exposure (concentration and duration). These abnormalities were directly reflected in the reduced hatching success (as little as 25 per cent under the worst conditions). The percentage of larvae surviving the two moults to become juveniles was also considerably reduced, while the survival of juveniles at the sublethal experimental levels was found to be directly linked to their history of exposure. It is anticipated that C. kraussi populations, because of several unusual features in their breeding ecology, would suffer long-term damage should the extent of larval recruitment to adult populations be reduced as a result of chronic exposure to oil.


Objective: To evaluate the effect of immediate implants placement combined with labial GBR in anterior teeth area.Methods:Fifteen patients were immediately placed with 26 implants after traumatic or residual extractions.Bone composite and biomembrane were placed simultaneously according to the degree of bone defects.The recovery time for implants took one month longer than that of conventional implants,followed by ceramic crowns .All patients were followed up for 12 months and underwent clinical evaluation and X-ray scan.Results: The probing depth was 2-3cm.X-ray scan showed implants-to-bone integrated successfully and cervical bone absorbtion was less than 1.5cm.Conclusion: Our study demonstrates immediate implants placement combined with labial GBR in anterior teeth area is safe and readily applicable in clinical settings,accompanied with good short-term therapeutic efficacy and cosmetology effect,and thereby worth popularizing in clinic .


Objective To analyze setup errors for irradiation of pelvic carcinoma by online conebeam CT (CBCT) scanning and to calculate the external margins from clinical target volume (CTV) to planning target volume (PTV) in treatment planning. Methods Twelve patients with rectal or prostate cancer were enrolled in this study. Translational errors (x,y,z) and rotational errors (u,v,w) were obtained by using CBCT in radiotherapy. Results The set-up errors were gathered from 229 sets of CBCT in 12patients. The systemic ± random errors on x,y,z, u,v and w axes were (0.49 ± 1.18) mm, (-0. 11 ±3.45) mm, (-2. 00 ± 1.59) mm, 1.14°±0. 67°, 0. 42°±O. 94°and -0. 32°±±0. 68°, respectively. Setup errors in the left-right, anterior-posterior, and superior-inferior directions were 4. 6 mm, 12. 5 mm, and 6. 2 mm, respectively. Conclusions Set-up errors were unavoidable in pelvic carcinoma irradiation. To minimize the influence of set-up errors, we suggest a PTV margin of 5 mm, 15 mm and 10 mm in the leftright, anterior-posterior and superior-inferior directions, respectively.

Key words:
Pelvic neoplasm; Tomography,X-ray computed, cone-beam; Set-up errors; Setup margin


A problem of interest point detection in camera images, i.e. detection of points with high information content is studied. An overview of existing techniques is given. A modified Harris-Laplace interest point detector is proposed and experimental results are given. Proposed detector generates a smaller number of detected points, resulting in less complex matching. The aim is to use interest point detectors, descriptors and matching for mobile robot navigation.


Syntheses of (E)-5-(3,3,3-trifluoro-1-propenyl)-2'-deoxyuridine (TFPe-dUrd) (1), 5-(3,3,3-trifluoro-1-propyl)-2'-deoxyuridine (11), 5-(3,3,3-trifluoro-1-methoxy-1-propyl)-2'-deoxyuridine (8), and 5-(3,3,3-trifluoro-1-hydroxy-1-propyl)-2'-deoxyuridine (10) from 5-chloromercuri-2'-deoxyuridine are described. The antiviral activity of TFPe-dUrd was determined in cell culture against herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1), herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2), and vaccinia virus and compared concurrently with 5-(1-propenyl)-2'-deoxyuridine, 5-(2-bromovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine, 5-iodo-2'-deoxyuridine, and 5-(trifluoromethyl)-2'-deoxyuridine. TFPe-dUrd demonstrated a potent and unusually selective activity against HSV-1, with a 2-log reduction in virus yield at 0.03 micrograms/mL (0.09 microM); L-1210 cell growth was inhibited by 50% only at 290 micrograms/mL. Isopycnic centrifugation of 32P-labeled DNA indicated that if 0.5 or 2 microM TFPe-dUrd was present for 0-6 h postinfection, viral DNA synthesis was reduced by ca. 50 and 85%, respectively; concomitantly, a new DNA band appeared at lower density than normal cellular or viral DNA.


Abstract The purpose of this investigation was to demonstrate the visible distances that can be considered realistic during night driving on non-illuminated roads. From the experimental data the approach speeds were calculated that can be considered as safe for various conditions and states of the driver, the car and the road. 413 drivers volunteered to participate in their own oars in 14 different places in Sweden. Each driver's task was to drive his ear towards a stationary car, both cars with dipped headlights, and to brake as soon as he was aware of a dark-clothed dummy that was placed in the middle of the lane beside the stationary car. A special experiment compared the results of this semi-dynamic test with those of a fully dynamic test. The median visible distance was 23 m and the 10th percentile 15 m. The calculated safe approach speeds for the tested drivers varied between 25 km/ h and 50 km/ h depending on the conditions chosen. A simplified parallel investigation with 974 participating drivers ...


The use of corporate simulation models has grown dramatically over the past decade. A survey of 300 major US companies taken in 1974 indicated that nearly two‐thirds of the respondents were already using corporate models, and that over two‐thirds of the remainder were either developing or planning to develop a model. A more recent study in the UK estimates that some 40% to 50% of the "Times 1000" companies now have models of one form or another.


This presentation discusses the mission and goals of the NATO STO program. Topic areas covered include the history, current activities and planned future publications.


The buccal smear is an excellent specimen in which to screen interphase nuclei for the fluorescent stained Y‐chromosome. Not only is the specimen easily obtained and processed, but the Y‐chromatin stands out prominently in condensed form. Fluorescence size is quantitated by ocular micrometric measurements.


One hundred and seventysix college students in the speciality of air stewardess have been measured and tested by using the tables of "16PF"and"UPI".It is found that the number of having the mental obstacle above the middle level is 8.40%.Among them the high mark of anxiety is 20.45%;the low mark of adaptability and maturity is 33.50%.The professional qualities of these students can not suit the request of the professional development of the modern airline service.The main problems are:the lack of the spirit of conscientiousness and responsibility,the low level of determination,distrusting the sociey,acting impetuously,the lack of selfcontrol,tending to depend on others,the lack of the ability of working independently and adaptability to changes.It is very important for the professional education to strengthen the responsible consciousness,train the spirit of cooperation and set up the goals of life of the college students in at speciality.


Aim: To evaluate the success outcome of direct restorations as compared to metal ceramic crowns in endodontically treated maxillary first premolars. Methods: This descriptive study was carried out at Akhtar Saeed Dental Hospital, Bahria Town, Lahore from 1st July 2016 to 31st December 2016. A total number of 88 patients were selected. Sixty seven patients were male and 21 were females. All the patients had got their maxillary first premolar (right or left) root filled. All the teeth were sound and having maximum bulk of enamel in the buccal aspect. The patients were categorized randomly into three groups. Group 1 received full coverage metal ceramic crown. Group 2 got the silver amalgam restoration and group 3 received the resin composite fillings. The evaluation of all three groups were performed at six months interval and finally evaluated at the end of 12th month. All evaluations were by the modified Ryge criteria. Results: The null hypothesis was accepted. The obtained result was not declared to be significant at p<0.05. Conclusion: Indirect restoration may be a good option for the endodontically treated maxillary first premolars regarding the longevity of tooth and being socioeconomically beneficial for the patients.


Introduction "Coming to America" "Materia Medica" "A Man in the Woods of America" "An Enquiry Concerning Materialism" "An American Philosophe" Epilogue Bibliography Index


The execution of workflows in a cloud is more and more popular, and new business concept based on this combination emerge. However, the task to control a cloud in such a way, that the rented cloud resources match the requirements for the currently executed workflows is difficult. Simple solutions struggle with over-, and under-provisioning problems or lack the needed flexibility for the new business concepts. A smart concept for cloud management should use knowledge about the characteristic of the executed task to improve the resource utilization of the cloud. In this paper we present our approach for a CBR based concept for cloud management that reuses experience on proper cloud configurations. We introduce our similarity function for task placements in a cloud and illustrate the approach with some sample workflows form the music mastering domain.


Abstract This classroom study adopted an ethnographic‐interpretative research strategy in studying the detailed interactions and behaviours of the main participants in a secondary‐school physics laboratory. The observed group consisted of all students within an intact class during the first semester of the initial year of a two‐year course leading up to the Western Australia Tertiary Entrance Examination. Observers made field notes, over a total period of 12 weeks, during each of the four 50‐minute lessons which took place each week. One modification of the normal ethnographic approach adopted here was that the physics teacher participated in the post‐observational discussions and the weekly meetings of the 'official' observers. Additional data came from students' working files and tests, teacher notes on lesson planning and distributed class notes, questionnaires completed by students and interviews with students and the teacher. Some teaching episodes were also tape recorded. This variety of sources of ...


In France, through the rise of the "zones to defend" (ZAD), a new form of struggle have developed in the years 2008-2017 that profoundly renew the forms (the permanent occupation of the sites of the contested projects to prevent their actual building) and the players (alter-globalization activists) of the contestation scene. Physical resistance to evictions, good use of social networks and media combined to the action of numerous support groups transform the power struggles between projects supporters and opponents, and cause the State new problems: how to evict the "zadists"? What space for concertation? Could local referendum be the solution?


Based on the wavelet packet analysis method with time-frequency analysis characteristics, the measurement signal of the vibration system is processed for noise reduction, the soft-hard threshold compromise wavelet denoising method used has the advantages of soft threshold and hard threshold denoising, and through the introduction of compromise factors, signal processing can be performed more flexibly in signal analysis. For the denoised signal, the fundamental wavelet time-energy spectrum analysis, the main components of the signal can be clearly displayed, and according to the distribution of its energy in each frequency band, the signal characteristics can be displayed intuitively. Experimental results show: It can be determined that there is a foreign body intrusion incident at a position 520 m away from the monitoring point, rather than a normal train travel incident. In fact, we are walking back and forth at a distance of about 520 m from the monitoring point, simulating the intrusion of illegal foreign objects such as pedestrians and livestock beside the railroad tracks prove that analysis and judgment can be known, the wavelet analysis proposed by the author can realize the monitoring and judgment of some illegal foreign body intrusion incidents such as pedestrians and livestock.


The fact that people spend a major part of their lifetime indoors, together with the lethal COVID-19 pandemic which caused people to spend even more time inside buildings, has drawn attention to the significance of achieving Agenda 2030 SD goal number three: good health and well-being, in reference to the indoor environment. The research subject is the health and well-being of building users explored through the sustainable (passive) design principles having an impact on the comfort and quality of the indoor environment. It is set within a regenerative sustainability framework encompassing the physiological, biophilic, psychological and social aspects of comfort. The Comfort Assessment Model's categories, to some extent, rely on the first author's doctoral thesis, with further modifications regarding the passive design criteria and indicators. A comparative analysis of the model with international sustainability certification (rating) systems has been performed, proving the significance of introducing more passive design comfort (health) related criteria into sustainability assessment models. In addition, a focus group of expert architects contributed to the research conclusions by responding to a questionnaire addressing the issues of sustainability, comfort and passive design, in terms of the health and well-being of building users, which confirmed the relevance of applied passive design measures for providing comfort indoors and fulfilling sustainable development goals.


The paper focuses on analysis of the problems,such as unreasonable establishment of mining rights,waste of resources,environmental destruction seriously. Be based upon the situation of Guizhou province,the paper proposes some methods for implementing the concept of scientific development in the course of mineral development and utilization.


We report on experiments in 6Li Fermi gases near Feshbach resonances. A broad s‐wave resonance is used to form a Bose‐Einstein condensate of weakly bound 6Li2 molecules in a crossed optical trap. The measured molecule‐molecule scattering length of 170−60+100 nm at 770 G is found in good agreement with theory. The expansion energy of the cloud in the BEC‐BCS crossover region is measured. Finally we discuss the properties of p‐wave Feshbach resonances observed near 200 Gauss and new s‐wave resonances in the heteronuclear 6Li‐ 7Li mixture.


The contraction of the global tiger population over the last 100 years into small, often isolated subpopulations has made them increasingly vulnerable to the impact of disease. Despite this, the health of wild tigers continues to be insufficiently funded and explored. For example, canine distemper virus (CDV), has been associated with localized declines and increased risk of extinction, and yet has received little research attention in most tiger range countries. The emergence of new pathogenic threats has posed fresh challenges, including African swine fever virus (ASFV), which has the potential to devastate wild boar populations, and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV2) with implications for tiger conservation that remain unknown. The objective of this review is to synthesize current research on the health of tigers and their prey that impacts the conservation of tigers in the wild. Published sources are interpreted based on three mechanisms through which disease can affect the viability of tiger populations: (1) by reducing the survival of adult tigers, (2) by reducing breeding productivity, and (3) by reducing the carrying capacity of tiger habitat through decreased prey abundance. Examples of CDV, SARS-CoV2, carnivore protoparvovirus 1 and ASFV are used to illustrate these processes and inform discussion of research and mitigation priorities.


Human cytochrome P450 1A2 is an important drug metabolizing enzyme, similar in sequence to P450 1A1, but with distinct substrate specificity. Previously, we have shown that residue 382 affected 1A1 and 1A2 specificities with alkoxyresorufins. To determine whether this residue is also important for the metabolism of other substrates, we have investigated phenacetin oxidation by single (T124S, T223N, V227G, N312L and L382V) and multiple (L382V/T223N, L382V/N312L, L382V/T223N/N312L and L382V/T124S/N312L) mutants of P450 1A2. The enzymes were expressed in Escherichia coli and purified. All P450 1A2 mutants that contained the Leu-382 → Val substitution displayed much higher activities than the wild type enzyme, with k cat values 3-fold higher, in contrast to other mutants, for which k cat decreased. Likewise, a significant increase in specificity, expressed as the k cat /K m ratio, was observed for the mutants containing the L382V substitution. The efficiency coupling acetaminophen was decreased for all single mutants except for which the coupling increased. This was also observed with multiple 1A2 mutants containing the L382V substitution. phenacetin confirm importance of residue 382 in P450 1A2-catalyzed oxidations and demonstrate that a single residue substitution can affect activity.


Action recognition in videos is currently in the focus of scientific research due to improvements made in automatic analysis of static images and greater availability of processing power. The paper provides an overview of the key models and methods for action recognition that comprise human models and methods based on estimation of joint trajectories, silhouettes and template matching and spatio-temporal local descriptors. To deal with compound actions and activities, action semantic models are proposed with help of expert knowledge. Since the action recognition task is domain dependent, the methods and models are built and tested on domain specific databases. The paper provides an overview and description of recent video datasets that were created for developing action recognition methods, with an emphasis on datasets with additional modalities such as depth images or accelerometer data.


Education systems around the world, faces the major challenge of including all children in schools. Di ff erentiated instruction (DI) is proposed as a pedagogical approach that support social, emotional and academic success for all students in the context of heterogeneous classrooms. Although, recent research draws the attention to the inconsistent de fi nitions and practices of DI. In this context, this qualitative study aimed at exploring the Portuguese teachers self-reported typical DI practices in mixed-ability classrooms. The participants were thirty-six teachers from kindergarten to middle school and came from a public-school cluster of fi ve schools. The qualitative analysis carried out indicate a variety of practices under the concept of DI, ranging from practices aimed only at a group of students, based on low ability or special education needs, to practices aimed at building communities of learners. The majority of the self-reported practices described DI as simply giving one assignment to most pupils and fewer or easier activities to students who are struggling with their learning. Implications for initial teacher training and professional development programmes are discussed.


Background We studied the degree of lactose digestion and orocecal transit time (OCTT) as possible causes for the variability of symptoms of lactose intolerance (LI) in a sample of a population with genetically determined low lactase activity.


A computer supported procedure is presented for using requirement information to prestructure component relationships for a general class of arrangement problems. The procedure generalizes and extends the range of admissable requirement information and reduces the risk of local optimality in arrangement. Three categories of requirement information are identified: flow factors, explicit requirements and implicit requirements. These three are integrated and used to organize the components to be arranged into a "normative structure" in the form of a semi-lattice hierarchy. The normative structure is an approximation of the spatial or temporal arrangement to be generated in real space.


Background and Aim:  To evaluate the association of the Risk, Injury, Failure, Loss and End‐stage renal failure (RIFLE) score on mortality in patients with decompensated cirrhosis admitted to intensive care unit (ICU).


A compact millimeter-wave (mm-Wave) dual-band dual-circularly polarized (CP) antenna based on substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) cavity-backed structure is proposed in this letter. By introducing the square aperture with two symmetric perturbation notches on the SIW cavity, right-hand CP (RHCP) can be generated at the low frequency band. On this basis, the dumbbell-shaped patch is placed inside the square aperture to generate left-hand CP (LHCP) at the high frequency band. To optimize the impedance matching and adjust resonant frequency, stacked parasitic patches are adopted. In addition, the two shorted vias are introduced to realize the independent tuning of high frequency band. The measured results show that the array achieves the impedance bandwidths of 7.3% and 7.5%, AR bandwidths of 2.8% and 2.6%, with gains of 18.2 and 18.5 dBic at 28 and 38 GHz, respectively. The proposed array will be a potential candidate component for 5G mm-Wave full-duplex wireless communication systems.