The ratio of"Collectanea for the same age" in the high school is low,and more"Collecatanea for the same age" can improve students' reading interests and reading comprehension ability as well as their aesthetic experience during reading.


The research work presented in this dissertation deals with the application of modulation and digital signal processing techniques in the field of optical communications. It focuses on the design of a 40Gb/s short-reach optical transmission system. For a given optical wavelength, capacity increase is generally achieved by pushing technological limits in order to augment the serial line rate of simple on-off keying modulations. This approach is not compatible with the economics of high-capacity short-reach applications. The use of sub-carrier multiplexing with multilevel signaling reduces bandwidth occupation and signaling rate. Components taken from existing 10Gb/s systems can thus be used to transmit 40Gb/s. At reduced signaling rates, CMOS circuit technology can be exploited to integrate elaborate signal processing functions. The adaptive signal processing structures presented in this dissertation relax analog front-end design requirements. They can also compensate for linear impairments due to the channel as well as fabrication process variations. The system is analyzed by deriving theoretical and numerical models agreeing with experimental validation. Simulation results show that a low-cost 40Gb/s system reaching beyond 10km is indeed feasible. We present a system prototype based on a CMOS test chip implementing modulation/demodulation functions for the highest-frequency and most challenging RF channel. This transmission system prototype operates over more than 30km of single mode fiber.


this article will study the creation of necessary factors for family immunity in the Republic of Uzbekistan on the basis of laws regulating family relations to strengthen the family.


Energy constraint has become the major challenge in designing wireless sensor networks. Network lifetime is considered the most substantial metric in these networks. The routing technique is one of the best choices for maintaining a network lifetime. This paper demonstrates the implementation of the new methodology of routing in WSN using Firefly swarm intelligence. Energy consumption is the dominant issue in wireless sensor network routing. For network cutoff avoidance while maximizing net lifetime, energy exhaustion must be balanced. Balancing energy consumption is the key feature for the rising net lifetime of WSNs. This routing technique involves the determination of the optimal route from the node toward the sink to make energy exhaustion balance in the network and at the same time maximize network throughput and lifetime. The proposed technique show that it is better than other some routing techniques like Dijkstra routing, Fuzzy routing, and ant colony (ACO) routing technique. Results demonstrate that the proposed routing technique has beat the three routing techniques in throughput and extend net lifetime.


We read the study by Johnsson et al. with great interest. The authors examined the associations between several plasma hormone concentrations including progesterone levels and preterm delivery in twin pregnancies, and the effect of vaginal progesterone treatment on plasma progesterone concentrations. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.


The coupling of nuclear reactors with thermionic converters is reviewed. First, the paper discusses principles of operation of thermionic converters, together with present and anticipated advancements. Particular emphasis is given to parameters that influence optimum performance and life of converters; namely, work function of emitter and collector, spacing between the same, temperatures of operation, cesium vapor pressure, and materials. The discussion is illustrated by a series of experimental results and amplified by theoretical analysis.


Several studies have revealed that there is a relationship between the quality ofservice o§ered by the service provider and the level of satisfaction among their customers.But as we know that service quality from the customerís perspective is very subjective.Therefore, service quality dimensions cannot be generalized for all types of services. Thoughthe SERVQUAL model of measuring service quality has proven its applicability across allservices, there is a need to have sector-speciÖc Service Quality Management (SQM) Model.This paper attempts to Önd out the SQM model for the Indian banking sector coveringpublic, private and foreign banks. Principal factors of banking service quality have beenidentiÖed which are important for customer satisfaction in a particular type of bank.


A formal synthesis of komaroviquinone has been accomplished by utilizing the Pt-catalyzed hydrative cyclization of an enynal that was easily prepared in a convergent manner. The Pt-catalyzed hydrative cyclization reaction afforded the corresponding tricyclic product, which was utilized in the synthesis of a known precursor that led to the formation of komaroviquinone through an additional four-step synthesis.


During operation conditions structural systems may deteriorate from a number of reasons. This in turn may affect their performance and reliability. Therefore, the re-assessment of the performance and reliability of a given structure after it has been built by monitoring its response is of paramount importance. In this context, the use of simulation-based Bayesian model updating techniques is explored in this work [1]. The updating information provides more accurate representations of the uncertainties associated with the structural modelling because it is based on both measured data and prior engineering information. The proposed updating methodology is based on measured modal frequencies and mode shapes or dynamic response data. A simulation based approach called the transitional Markov chain Monte Carlo method is implemented in the present formulation [2]. This technique is computationally very demanding due to the large number of finite element model analyses required. To cope with this difficulty a model reduction technique is implemented to carry out the corresponding analyses efficiently. In particular, a method based on fixed-interface normal component modes plus interface constraint modes is considered in this work [3]. In general, the method produces highly accurate models with relatively few component modes. For certain parameterization schemes the fixed-interface normal modes of each component and the characteristic interface modes are computed only once from a reference finite element model. In this manner the re-assembling of the reduced-order system matrices from components and interface modes is avoided during the updating technique. The proposed methodology is demonstrated with a series of model updating applications of large finite element models. Validation calculations show that the computational effort for updating the reducedorder model is decreased drastically by two or three orders of magnitude with respect to the unreduced model, that is, the full finite element model. Further computational savings can be obtained by adopting parallel computing algorithms to efficiently distribute the computations in available multicore CPUs.


The article discusses common disadvantages of most current Employability Development Plans (EDPs) and suggests specific remedies that organize the decision-making thrust of employability counseling. The authors present a theory-based, developmental model for assessment and EDP systems, and review general problems in implementing this model.


Collective action has been concerned by the social scientific community for a long period.In the early 20th century,collective action research was mainly conducted from the social psychological perspective,but then was shifted to be led by the sociological and political perspectives.Fortunately,Social psychological research for collective action have come back to life and flourished by degrees in the past over 20 years.Instrumentality,social identity,and group-based anger as the fundamental antecedents of collective action have been discovered by social psychologists so far.Moreover,two famous dual-pathway models of collective action were established separately,one of which included the instrumentality and group-based anger paths,the other of which included the instrumentality and social identity paths.And then based on a meta-analysis,an integrated social identity model of collective action was proposed.The next generation of collective action research should think highly of the context and individual characteristics influenced on collective action,pay attention to the group-based emotions other than anger,broad the array of antecedents,such as ideology,and connect to other literatures of social psychology.


: In Santiago Laxopa Zapotec, associated motion prefixes apply to a verbal base to introduce a preceding motion event with the verb's external argument as the mover. In this paper, I argue that the semantic composition of such complex events is best understood within a broader typology of how heads can introduce new thematic information. In particular, I advance a proposal featuring elements of event chaining akin to causative constructions, together with argument identification akin to restructuring verbs that take subjectless prejacents. In addition to explaining the features of associated motion in this language, the account offers some insight on patterns observed in the general typology of associated motion.


Semantic segmentation is a long standing challenging issue in computer vision. In this paper, a novel method named SegGAN is proposed, in which a pre-trained deep semantic segmentation network is fitted into a generative adversarial framework for computing better segmentation masks. The composited networks are jointly fine-tuned end-to-end to get better segmentation masks. In the pre-training of Generative Adversarial Network (GAN), we try to minimize the loss between the generated images from the generator with the ground truth masks as input and the original images. Our motivation is that the learned GAN shows the relationship between the ground truth masks and the original images, thus the predicted masks of the semantic segmentation model should have the same distribution or relationship with the original images. Concretely, GAN is treated as a kind of loss for semantic segmentation to achieve better performance. Numerous experiments conducted on two publicly available datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed SegGAN.


Based on the sociolinguistics,in view of the inherent characteristics of the Chinese language,and taking the buzzwords emerged in China since 2008 as the corpus,the subtle changes of Chinese language and the society in recent years are studied from the perspectives of the form and content of buzzwords.It is pointed out that in the form,the "model" propensity keeps developing and in the content,the subjective consciousness is prominent and the turning to "spirit" has arisen.


Currently, the study of electromyographic signals (EMG) has allowed the development of diverse applications in clinical and biomedical fields. For instance, EMG signals has served as inputs for different types of human-machine systems. However, the process for the acquisition of this type of biosignals presents some inconveniences associated with the degree of invasiveness, the use-convenience balance, and the range of portability. For this reason, in this study we designed and validated a wearable and portable system for the acquisition of surface Electromyography (sEMG) signals for the upper limbs. The design consisted of an adaptable arm-forearm cuff (not invasive), allowing different electrode distributions for signal acquisition. We tested our prototype with the OpenBCI board through several experimental protocols, obtaining high levels of ergonomy and signal quality. With this development we expect to the acquisition of EMG signals that could be integrated to different human-machine systems such as EMG prostheses.


When the suspended solid particles in the reinjection water enter into the reservoir with different permeability, the reservoir will be damaged in different degrees. Taking the reservoir with high permeability in a block of Shengli Oilfield as an example and based on the analysis results of suspended solids content and particle size in the produced fluid, the damage of artificial core permeability has been studied by injecting three different kinds of particle contents with 2 different particle sizes. Different injection rates have been studied as well. The results show that the damage of the suspended solid particles to the reservoir increases with the increase of the injected pore volume and then reaches to a stable value. The larger the core permeability, the smaller the permeability loss. For the core with same level of permeability, the larger the solid particle content and the larger the particle size, the more serious damage of the reservoir. The injection rate of the suspended solid particle has little effect on the damage of the core. Finally, through the interpolation of minimum curvature, the injection pattern of suspended solid particle solution in different permeability reservoirs has been achieved, which will significantly guide the improvement of water injection performance in the oilfield.


The Roads to Success program was launched in early 2005 to forge connections between students' school experiences and their aspirations for adulthood, as an ongoing part of middle and high school. This report describes the intervention, research design, evaluation data, analysis methods, and a comparison of baseline characteristics of the treatment and control groups. Funding for the program and study was cut in 2008, so both are scheduled to conclude in 2009. The report also reviews the evaluation plan and possibilities for further research if funding is restored.


A vast part of the Internet economy is powered by advertising, much of which is sold at auction. A key question for sellers is how to optimize the auction mechanism they use. Bidders, conversely, try to optimize their bidding strategy. Incentive compatible auctions are a sweet spot: theory predicts that it is in the bidders' interest to bid their values, making it relatively easy for them to bid optimally. However, as they learn bidders' value distributions, sellers can progressively optimize their mechanism and extract more revenue from bidders. We show that, in sharp contrast with most results in the academic literature, bidders should not be bidding their value in incentive compatible auctions when there is no commitment from the seller about using a fixed auction. We provide a mix of theoretical and numerical results and practical methods that can easily be deployed in practice.


The Ring effect is measured using the UV–visible spectrometer (~1 nm spectral resolution) of OSIRIS, the optical spectrograph and infrared imaging system. The observed filling in of Ca(II) H and K (~395 nm), the two largest Fraunhofer lines in the solar spectrum, are compared with the filling in simulated with a new model that includes rotational Raman scattering (RRS) by N2 and O2. The filling in is (1.06 ± 0.60)% at Ca(II) K and (1.40 ± 0.50)% at Ca(II) H for blue-sky observations at a solar zenith angle of 37°. The measured filling in agrees with the modelled filling in within the uncertainties. PACS Nos.: 07.60Rd, 33.20Fb, 42.68Ay, 42.68Ca, 42.68Ge, 42.68Mj


Transitional forms of commodities in the international market from the beginning of spice to the sugarcane (sugar), tea, rubber and others responded by the colonial Dutch East Indies with a test and cultivation of plant species of the commodity. Sugarcane is one of the plants which are priorities for the Dutch East Indies colonial government to be managed and produki (although the number is still minimum scale), this attempt to force the colonial government to involve other communities, especially Tioghoa who have skills in managing sugarcane crop. Not only felt the sweet result of the production of sugar cane (sugar) but the journey also gives a lot of negative consequences such as criminal tendency and resistance to the colonial government conducted by the Chinese. This paper tries to explain how the effort to membangu industrialization of the sugar cane plant culminate in a social movement, then the direction of its development would benefit the colonial government. Through this article also hoped we can learn how the logical consequence of industrialization itself, and preparing for its development direction in order not to evolve towards a state that is destructive. Keyword :Sugar Factory, Batavia


The functional activity of anaerobic bacteria in the presence of an electrode as solid electron acceptor was comprehensively evaluated during the treatment of azo dye based wastewater. The experiments were performed in three different reactor setups, viz., bio-electrochemical treatment (BET; with electrode assembly and anaerobic biocatalyst), anaerobic treatment (AnT; with anaerobic biocatalyst and absence of electrode assembly) and abiotic reactor (control; with electrode assembly and absence of anaerobic biocatalyst) with 50 mg l−1 azo dye concentration. Maximum dye removal was observed with BET (69.9%) followed by AnT (42%) and control (2.4%). The bioelectrogenic performance was observed to be higher in BET (92.1 mW m−2) in comparison to abiotic-control (0.41 mW m−2), which is attributed to the significant influence of bacteria as biocatalyst in concurrence with the function of the electrode as solid electron acceptor in BET. The study also documented electron acceptor dependent respiration, exemplifying the influence of conjunction between electrode and bacteria on dye degradation. Two possible electron transfer mechanisms, viz., direct electron transfer (DET) through the membrane bound cytochromes to the solid electron acceptor and mediated electron transfer (MET) through reduced dye intermediates as electron shuttles, were observed during BET operation. However, AnT and abiotic control operation resulted in less and no dye breakdown, respectively, due to the lack of conjunction between the biocatalyst and electrode. The study provides a new insight into the electron acceptor dependent respiration wherein the electrode serving as a solid electron acceptor enables efficient function of anode respiring bacteria (ARB) in terms of electron flux towards dye degradation and electrogenesis.


Objective To study the role of AgNOR count, morphologic types and PCNA expression in differentiating benign ameloblastoma from malignant ones.Methods 17 cases of maligmant ameloblastoma were selected and PCNA expression was detected immunohistochemically by SP method. AgNOR count and morphology were analyzed by AgNOR staining.Results The PCNA proliferating index (18 78±3 34) in malignant ameloblastoma was significantly higher than that in benign ameloblastoma (6 86±1 25; P 0 01). It showed a higher AgNOR count (3 92±0 87) in malignant ameloblastoma than that in benign ameloblastoma. The AgNOR shape in malignant ameloblastoma was mainly dispersed type and in benign ameloblastoma, simple type. There existed a significant difference between benign and malignant ameloblastoma ( P 0 01).Conclusion The analysis of proliferating index of PCNA, AgNOR count and morphologic types may be helpful in the diagnosis of malignant ameloblastoma.


Surface charge accumulation on epoxy insulator installed in gas insulated switchgear (GIS) or gas insulated transmission line (GIL) has been recognized as an important factor for electric field distortion that results in reduction of surface flashover voltage. This paper reports on surface charge accumulation behavior on a actual epoxy insulator for 100 kV GIL prototype with multi-arc surface profile. A coaxial electrode system is used to investigate the charging behavior under DC voltages with metal particles positioned at various positions of the surface so as to estimate its influence on the charge accumulation behavior using a Kelvin type probe. The results show that positive charges are accumulated mainly on the nonplanar region around the high voltage electrode in the shape of speckles, and the average charge distribution along the radial direction presented a double-peak feature. Moreover, the charge accumulation is enhanced by metal particles contacting to the grounded electrode. Using a numerical simulation method, it is suggested that the charge accumulation is mainly determined by gaseous ionization which is enhanced by the metal particle induced electric field distortion.


Dear Editor, The molecular characterization of glioma genes is essential for properly managing and treating this heterogeneous disease.1,2 However, the true in vivo evolution of the genome of glioma patients during treatment and its impact on clinical outcomes is unclear.3 Here, we have performed an in-depth analysis of ctDNA from patients' tumour in situ fluid (TISF)4 samples at baseline (BL), disease progression, and post-disease progression and elucidate the value of molecular markers such as GNAS (guanine nucleotide binding protein, alpha stimulating) complex locus/CIC (capicua transcriptional repressor) and maximum variant allele frequencies (MVAF) in assessing tumour progression and patient prognosis under therapeutic pressure. The study flow chart for this study is shown in Figure S1. In total, 33 patients with glioma were recruited; all safely had maximum tumour resection and received standardized chemotherapy with temozolomide and a combination of temozolomide and bevacizumab after imaging suggested disease progression. Statistics on these patients with primary tumours and TISF at disease progression under standardized treatment are presented in Table S1. In the primary tumour of 33 patients, gene amplification occurred in 33.3% (11/33) patients (Figure S2A), and highfrequency-mutated genes were TP53, PTEN, IDH1, NF1, and so on (Figure S2B). We compared TISF at disease progression with paired primary tumour samples in 33 patients (Figure 1A), and further analysis showed that, to some extent, TISF at disease progression was weakly correlated with the corresponding somatic variants in the primary tumour tissue (Figure 1B). However, in two patients with recurrent reoperation, there was strong concordance and correlation between the recurrent tissue and the corresponding mutated gene in the TISF at disease progression


The aim of present study was to design an oil separator for the venting systems of gas turbine engines at consumption of gaseous medium 200 m 3 /h. In order to accomplish the objective, we applied separation gradient aerosol technologies, which consider all the forces and effects that influence deposition of the highly dispersed particles. A scientific base is substantiated for the intensification of gradient processes of the transfer of aerosol media in the boundary layers of multifunctional surfaces in the purification of dispersed polyphase flows for developing the technical devices that ensure an increase in energy saving and ecological improvement of power plants. We designed a section-by-section structural scheme and a three-dimensional model of the oil separator in finite elements for the calculation of hydrodynamics and separation. The calculations were conducted of the hydrodynamic situation and particle trajectory in the flow area of an oil separator. Using the calculated distribution of speed in the oil separator at G=100…200 m 3 /h, it was determined that velocity in the coagulation profile does not exceed 10 m/s. It was established according to the results of static pressure distribution for G=100, 200 m 3 /h that the pressure differential in the separation coagulators reaches 2.5…3.9 kPa, respectively. Results of the calculation at G=100…200 m 3 /h demonstrated that the summary pulsation effect from the deposition of highly dispersed particles amounts to 25.1 %. Based on the calculations, we designed the prototype of an oil separator and tested it experimentally on the test bench in the form of an open type wind tunnel. Coefficient of the total effectiveness of purification was determined, which reaches 99.9 %. The modernization of purifiers for capturing the aerosols in different systems of power plants is possible based on the separation gradient aerosol technologies. The studies conducted make it possible to develop in the future a range of separators for gas consumption from 20 to 2000 m 3 /h.


Rapid growth of Internet and development of new network applications open the opportunity to novel corporate and family networking. Furthermore, the idea of connecting the above networks arouses great interest of network companies and network researchers. The major concerns for connecting these networks are security and private. Accordingly, the Virtual Personal Network (VPN)[1] was developed. The implementations of VPN router were built on the top of a costly hardware platform, which is unaffordable for regular household users and small businesses. In this study, we build the VPN on the top of the Linux Router Project (LRP)[2], a more economical software oriented design. Both IPSec[3] and CIPE[18] of VPN are implemented. Comparisons of two implementations are made through evaluating real network packet and using the network traffic-analyzing tool. It shows these implementations have accomplished a safe point-to-point communication and bi-tunnel communications through VPN tunneling. A preliminary investigation on the capability and efficiency of the above implementations, and the performance where integrated with firewalls are provided. In all, the implementations provide us the advantages of flexibility, economy, and easy maintenance by little sacrifice of transmission speeds.


This documentation presents the theoretical formulation and numerical integration of the DHRC constitutive law, acronym for "dissipative homogenised reinforced concrete" used with modelling DKTG plates. It is one of models called "global" used to thin structures (beams, plates and shells). Nonlinear phenomena such as plasticity or damage, are directly related to the generalized strains (extension, curvature, distortion) and generalized stresses (membrane forces, bending and cutting edges). So, this constitutive law is applied with a finite element plate or shell. Compared to a multi-layered approach, CPU time and memory are saved. The advantage over multi-layer shells is even more important when the constituents of the plate behaves in a quasibrittle manner (concrete, for example), as the global model avoids localization issues. The DHRC constitutive law idealises both damage and irreversible deformation under combined membrane stress resultant and bending of reinforced concrete plates using "homogenised" parameters. This constitutive law represents an evolution of the GLRC_DM constitutive model which idealises only damage in membrane and bending situations. Unlike GLRC_DM, the DHRC constitutive model has a complete theoretical justification by using the theory of periodic homogenization: it idealises the effects of steel-concrete slip in addition to the degradation of stiffness from the concrete diffuse cracking, the bending-membrane coupling in a consistent way and accounts for the orthotropy and possible asymmetries coming from steel reinforcement grids. The DHRC macroscopic constitutive law is not softening: this avoids solving problems throughout the structural analysis. The parameter setting of this constitutive law results of the particular characteristics of concrete and steel materials used, and the geometrical characteristics of the section, the thickness ratio of steel rebar, positions and directions, which are input data of a identification procedure from the responses of representative elementary volumes of the section of the reinforced concrete plate. The total user parameter number is 21 : 11 geometrical parameters and 10 material parameters. Manuel de référence Fascicule r7.01: Modélisations pour le Génie Civil et les géomatériaux Document diffusé sous licence GNU FDL (http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html) Code_Aster Version default Titre : Dissipative Homogenised Reinforced Concrete (DHRC)[...] Date : 10/05/2019 Page : 2/40 Responsable : VOLDOIRE François Clé : R7.01.37 Révision : dcfca62044ea Table des Matières


The effect of strain on the optical nonlinearities and operation of an all‐optical asymmetric Fabry–Perot etalon is investigated. A high reflectivity modulation of 60% is reported with a contrast ratio of 12.2:1 and insertion loss of 1.87 dB. High contrast is achieved through absorption matching requiring a thick active layer. The effect of a thick structure on the strain reduced saturation carrier density is measured. The saturation density is calculated to be a factor of 2.5 less than in a similar GaAs modulator, showing thicker strained devices still display the advantages of thinner structures.


plates. It is devoted to a description of the first stages of the larva, the specimens having been hatched from the eggs at Beaufort, N. C. It appears that the larva immediately after hatching is still quite rudimentary in form compared with the more active zoea after it has cast its first larval skin, which occurs in from two to twenty-four hours after hatching. A second paper by Dr. Brooks is entitled " Alternation of periods of rest with periods of activity in the segmenting eggs of Vertebrates."


Kim, Won-hong; Kim, Bok-tae; Cha, In-soon; Jeon, Seon-young.July, 2012.Changes in the National Assembly's gender sensitivity due to an increase in the number of Women Assembly members,Articles,SeoulKorea Women's Development Institute,25


Simple Summary Pancreatic adenocarcinoma is a leading cause of cancer related deaths worldwide. Since surgical treatment involves serious risk and morbidity, guiding patients appropriately to surgery for only those that stand to benefit is crucial to avoid unnecessary morbidity. Imaging may provide value in predicting patient prognosis and guiding therapeutic options. Tumor necrosis has been associated with higher tumor grade and worse cancer-specific survival in multiple types of cancers. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether tumor necrosis depicted on abdominal MRI can predict tumor aggressiveness in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. We found that MRI tumor necrosis was associated with higher rates of lymphadenopathy, metastatic disease, and advanced tumor stage compared to pancreatic cancer patients without MRI detectable necrosis. MRI may therefore be prognostically valuable and help guide therapy for patients with pancreatic cancer. Abstract The purpose of this study was to investigate whether tumor necrosis depicted on contrast-enhanced abdominal MRI can predict tumor aggressiveness in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). In this retrospective analysis, we included 71 patients with pathology-proven PDAC who underwent contrast-enhanced MRI from 2006 to 2020. Assessment for the presence/absence of imaging detected necrosis was performed on T2-weighted and contrast-enhanced T1-weighted images. Primary tumor characteristics, regional lymphadenopathy, metastases, stage, and overall survival were analyzed. Fisher's exact and Mann-Whitney U tests were used for statistical analysis. Of the 72 primary tumors, necrosis was identified on MRI in 58.3% (42/72). Necrotic PDACs were larger (44.6 vs. 34.5 mm, p = 0.0016), had higher rates of regional lymphadenopathy (69.0% vs. 26.7%, p = 0.0007), and more frequent metastases (78.6% vs. 40.0%, p = 0.0010) than those without MRI-evident necrosis. A non-statistically significant reduction in median overall survival was observed in patients with versus without MRI-evident necrosis (15.8 vs. 38.0 months, p = 0.23). PDAC tumor necrosis depicted on MRI was associated with larger tumors and higher frequency of regional lymphadenopathy and metastases.


Examples of applications of the experiential learning model, which is the centerpiece of this volume, in higher education and in the workplace are described.


The synthesis of pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine derivatives by direct aminocarbonylation was demonstrated using solid Co2(CO)8 as a CO source in an autoclave at elevated temperature by reacting an aryl halide scaffold with a variety of amines. Using this method, 12 non-glutamate-type pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine analogues were prepared. Some compounds exhibited antibacterial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.


The report describes the development of the HOPE radiometer for handheld landmine detection. The theoretical design and the harware are outlined. Measurement results of various campaigns are shown.


property of goodness). He suggests instead that the property loved ought to be taken as the reason that explains why we love the person or thing, the basis but not the sole object of the love: see 'The Nature of Love', in Alan Soble, ed., Eros, Agape, and Philia: Readings in the Philosophy of Love (New York: Paragon House 1989), 136-48, at 141-2. Our interpretation offers a metaphysical justifi cation, one could say, for the point Brentlinger makes. Plato and the Problem of Love 219 love goodness in a not-merely-relative way is to love all good things in a not-merely-relative way. In other words, moving up the 'ladder of love' is not a horizontal sequence, which would imply exchanging one object for the next; rather, it represents an increasingly disinterested love of beauty wherever it is found. But, in contrast to at least one interpretation of the Kantian understanding of disinterestedness, for Plato, the more perfectly disinterestedly one loves beauty, the more wholly and passionately involved in it one becomes, and the more fulfi lled. While the Platonic view may still not represent the Romantic ideal of an exclusive love of a particular person, nor the Christian notion of human eros as a sacramental expression of the relationship between Christ and the Church, and through it, the relationship between God and the world, one may nevertheless say the notion does not in itself exclude a development in these directions. There is one more way in which the objection we have been discussing misinterprets Plato's notion of eros and its object. The objection reads eros as pushing impatiently past imperfect refl ections of beauty in order that it may seize on an immediate vision of absolute beauty. This interpretation assumes that the vision of tl kalkn has an essentially 'private' character, which would of course entail my turning away from others so that the vision can be had for itself. Once again, this assumption is based on the dualistic notion of transcendence we have been criticizing. As we have seen, Plato is unequivocally clear that the drive to 'make the beautiful one's own' is not, and cannot be, a taking of beauty individually into oneself, but can only be a taking oneself to beauty, which will always necessarily transcend oneself and everything else in its absoluteness. In this sense, beauty cannot but be shared. This is the meaning of the one-ness of the forms: it is what opens beauty to the endless multiplicity of expressions. We see here a philosophical foundation for the remarkable 'availability' Socrates displays in his intercourse with others, his desire always to see things with others. We also see why there is in principle no contradiction between the soul's pursuit of beauty in the Symposium and the Phaedrus' depiction of the manic event of eros between souls, who ascend jointly to the beautiful. Once again, the ordering of eros to absolute beauty does not in principle exclude generous and desire-laden companionship. Instead, we ought to say that it intensifi es it.


Auto thieves often exploit the cyber vulnerabilities of existing key/phone-based vehicle immobilizers. To prevent this exploitation of cyber vulnerabilities for auto thefts, we present Battery Sleuth (Bleuth), a novel "physical" vehicle immobilizer which is immune to the common cyber-attack vectors - avoiding the use of wireless communication between key/phone and vehicle as well as in-vehicle networks. Bleuth achieves this by using the common 12V vehicle batteries to authenticate the driver with encrypted power-line communication and then control the battery's output power based on the authentication results, hence (im)mobilizing the vehicle without requiring drivers to carry any additional token. Bleuth is also equipped with four alarms to detect, and respond to, illegitimate operations (i.e., theft attempts), including attempts of unauthorized cranking of the engine, removal/shorting of the authenticator from the battery, abuse of the PLC to drain the car battery, and removal of the dongle from the auxiliary power outlet. Bleuth recharges its power supply automatically to free drivers from the maintenance burden. We have prototyped Bleuth as an add-on module that can be installed on commodity vehicles and evaluated it via field tests on 8 vehicles. We have also demonstrated Bleuth's utility and effectiveness via a survey of 612 car owners.


Philosophical science has long recognized that the national idea plays an important role in the life of society, in political practice. Therefore, each nation must find its national idea as an objective representation of the nation's political identity, otherwise its existence is in no way justified. The problem that has found its reflection in the content of this article expiring from the life of Azerbaijan.


Selecting Sub-carrier Modulation (SScM) scheme, in which the information bits are used for both modulation and active-sub-carrier selection, can be used to improve Energy Efficiency (EE) without deteriorating spectrum efficiency (SE) in Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) system. In this paper, SScM is extended to Generalized Selecting Subcarrier Modulation (GSScM) to further improve EE and SE simultaneously. In the new scheme, more than one sub-carrier are active and an appropriate number achieving the optimal SE ratio is deduced. Further, the dosed-forms and the asymptotic values of the optimal SE ratio, as well as the corresponding EE ratio are derived. Besides, a detection method is proposed to enhance the performance of Energy Detection (ED) and Log-likelihood Ratio (LLR) detection. Simulation results reveal that the enhanced detection method is better than the conventional detection methods by 1.5 dB to 3 dB at the cost of endurable complexity rise.


Our objective in building MONASH was to make a practical contribution to economic decision-making in Australia. In trying to achieve this objective, we have produced a model with several innovations which we think will be of interest to economists even if they have no particular concern for Australian problems. These innovations are largely associated with closures. With different closures MONASH produces: estimates of changes in technology and consumer preferences (historical closure); explanations of historical developments such as the rapid growth since the mid-1980s in Australia's international trade (decomposition closure); forecasts for industries, regions, occupations and households (forecast closure); and projections of the deviations from forecast paths that would be caused by the implementation of proposed policies and by other shocks to the economic environment (policy closure).


In this paper we show that the class of polynomially parameter-dependent quadratic (PPDQ) Lyapunov functions of specified degree characterizes the stability of single-parameter dependent linear, time-invariant, (s-PDLTI) systems. Using PPDQ Lyapunov functions we provide necessary and sufficient conditions for the stability of s-PDLTI systems. Checking the feasibility of these conditions can be cast as a convex, finite-dimensional programming problem. Finally, we extend this analysis result to state-feedback parameter-dependent controller synthesis for s-PDLTI systems.


We have found an exotic magnetic oxide with unreported Bragg peaks through our attempts to substitute Zn2+ and Ti4+ for 2Fe3+ in Zn2Y-type hexaferrite (Ba2Zn2Fe12O22). Single crystals of the magnet...


In this paper, we consider surfaces of revolution in the 3-dimensional Euclidean space E3 with nonvanishing Gauss curvature. We introduce the finite Chen type surfaces with respect to the third fundamental form of the surface. We present a special case of this family of surfaces of revolution in E3, namely, surfaces of revolution with R is constant, where R denotes the sum of the radii of the principal curvature of a surface.


Making scientific decisions is very important in library management.This paper introduces the basic principles of scientific decision-making in library management.


We present a region-wide ground response study to assess induced shaking hazard in Groningen. This paper presents the site characterization and ground model development. We characterize the static and dynamic soil properties using in-situ and laboratory test results. In-situ data include cone penetration tests (CPTs), seismic cone penetration tests (SCPTs), boreholes (BHs) and hand borings (HBs). Laboratory tests were performed for key geologic formations. CPT-empirical correlations were used and comparisons were made against the available laboratory results in order to derive design geotechnical parameters such as the plasticity index (PI), overconsolidation ratio (OCR), and undrained shear strength (Su). Uncertainties in the soil properties were quantified by implementing statistical methods using a large set of available CPT data. For each geological formation, the CPT-empirically correlated data were filtered based on the soil behavior index (Ic) to identify the predominant soil types. The mean and coefficient of variation of normalized CPT parameters such as cone tip resistance (Qt) and friction ratio (Fr) were calculated to characterize the strength properties. A methodology was developed to estimate the shear wave velocity (VS) profile of each geologic formation using the statisticallyderived Qt and Fr values along with the region-specific VS correlation. The VS correlation was developed using multiple regression analysis based on region-specific data, such as SCPTs. Spatial variation of soil properties was evaluated using key geotechnical parameters. Three-dimensional (3D) ground models were developed for areas within the region. For each area, a geotechnical zonation map was developed using results from the statistical analysis of each geologic formation and taking into account the spatial variability of key geotechnical parameters. The NEN NPR 9998 is currently in transition with updated ground motions. The ground models developed for the Groningen region will be re-analyzed using deterministic and probabilistic methods using the updated ground motions.


Objective:To investigate the expression of transcriptional suppressor Zeb1and CtBP1, and the relationships with their target gene E-cadherin in colon adenocarcinoma.Methods:The expression of CtBP1,Zeb1and E-cadherin proteins in colon adenocarcinoma and the paired non-neoplastic tissue were detected by the immunohistochemistry staining method.Results:The positive rates of CtBP1expression in colon adenocarcinoma and the paired nonneoplastic tissue were 96.25% and 100%.The positive rate of Zeb1expression in colon adenocarcinoma and paired non-neoplastic tissue was 28.75%and 0%respectively.The positive rate of E-cadherin expression in colon adenocarcinoma and paired non-neoplastic tissue was 32.50%and 100%.The E-cadherin expression was not related with CtBP1expression,but was negatively correlated with Zeb1in colon adenocarcinoma.Conclusion:Zeb1and E-cadherin deregulate in colon adenocarcinoma,and the abnormal expression of Zeb1,has been involoved in the down-regulation of E-cadherin mechanism.


The authors investigated the effects of annealing in Ar atmosphere at different temperatures (350–1100 °C) on the densification and leakage current characteristics of thermally oxidized SiO 2 films on n-type 4H-SiC. A strong correlation between densification improvement and leakage current reduction was observed. Densification of the SiO 2 films, which were characterized by spectroscopic ellipsometry, Fouriertransform infrared spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy, can be significantly improved after annealing at moderate temperature (600 °C). The leakage current is decreased by two orders of magnitude of the SiO 2 thin film after annealing at 600 °C. Based on the studies, SiO 2 film of the highest quality can be obtained after annealing at 600 °C. Improvements in the quality of the SiO 2 thin films after annealing at 600 °C may be explained by the consumption and formation of carbon-related and oxygen-related defects during annealing.


ABSTRACT The fishery sector in Malaysia is expected to play important roles in eradicating poverty, increasing food security and helping to reverse the deficit food trade balance. In the Third Malaysian National Agriculture Policy Plan, the production target for the sector is to increase from 1.45 million mt in 2000 to two million mt by 2010. Adapting from the AsiaFish model, a disaggregated fish supply and demand model for Malaysia is constructed to analyse whether the fishery sector can live up to the expectations. The model consists of the producer, consumer and trade cores as well as the model closure equation. It is used to project fish supply, demand and trade in Malaysia from 2000 to 2020, given that existing conditions in the fishery sector and general economy persist into the future. The results appear to indicate that the Malaysian fishery sector may not be able to make significant contribution to the objectives above. Efforts need to be stepped up in order to increase fish production, reducing fish prices and increasing net value of fish trade. Keywords: Fish supply; Demand; Trade; Price; Projection. I. INTRODUCTION Traditionally, the fishery sector in Malaysia plays important roles in alleviating poverty and in achieving food security. In 2003, this sector contributed about 1.37 percent to the country's GDP and provided direct employment to about 89,000 fishers and 21,000 fish farmers (Department of Fisheries, 2003). Fish is a main protein food for the majority of Malaysians and has contributed positively to the export earnings of the country. In his keynote speech at the Seminar on the Balance of Trade Plan for the Agricultural and Food Industries, the Minister of Agriculture and Agro-Industry of Malaysia stated that the trade balance in the food sector was observed to be increasingly negative, from a deficit of RM1 billion in 1990 to about RM6.6 billion in 2004. Without public policy intervention, this negative food bill is likely to increase substantially to about RM10.9 billion by 2010. Among the agricultural sub-sectors, meat and meat preparations, animal feed, dairy products, cereals, vegetables and sugar are contributing significantly to the negative trade balances. On the other hand, fish, poultry, spices and tea are making positive contributions to the food sector. Increasing supply and export earnings from the fishery sector are expected to play a significant role in counter-balancing the negative food trade bills for Malaysia. In the Third Malaysian National Agriculture Policy Plan, the production target for the fishery sector is to increase from 1.45 million mt in 2000 to two million mt by 2010 (Department of Fisheries, 2004). The bulk of the increase in production will be derived from aquaculture, with an expected increase of almost three-folds during this period and deep-sea capture fishery is expected to increase by two folds increase in fish production. On the other hand, the production target for coastal in-shore fishery is expected to decrease by about 20 percent during this period mainly because fisheries resources in the in-shore areas of Malaysia have been seriously overexploited. With these high expectations, it is of utmost important to investigate to what extent the Malaysian fishery sector is able to meet these challenges through making projections of the fish supply, demand and trade in Malaysia. To date, such a comprehensive analysis has not yet been done for Malaysia although such study on a global basis was first conducted by Delgado, et al. (2003). Thus in this paper, a supply and demand model for the Malaysian fisheries was constructed for making these projections for the period from 2000 to 2020. II. THE BASIC STRUCTURAL MODEL The Malaysian fisheries supply and demand model is an adaptation of the AsiaFish model developed by Dey, et al. (2003). The AsiaFish model is designed for generating detailed results on supply, demand, trade and prices for the fisheries sector. …


Labor inspectors investigate accidents to identify possible accident causes, initiate prosecution, and plan future accident prevention. The Method of Investigation for Labor Inspectors (MILI) was designed to help them to identify workplace and organizational factors in addition to immediate factors and legal breaches. The present study analyzes the impact of workplace (work design and provision of unsafe equipment) and organizational factors (training and employee involvement) on accident causation and validates MILI on real accident cases. Accident data from the manufacturing sector are analyzed with LISREL structural equation modeling. Results confirm the relationship between work design and training as well as between provision of unsafe equipment and employee involvement. The present study provides evidence that MILI is a structured accident investigation method allowing multiple accident causation factors to be revealed and that it could help all interested parts (not only labor inspectors, but companies as well) to thoroughly investigate occupational accidents. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.


This study investigated how Imperial Japan transplanted the Japanese family system, or "ie", in colonial Korea and Taiwan. The process was that of removing the conflict between the Chinese legal system and the Japanese Meiji civil law. In Taiwan, the first process was the introduction of the conception of "Ie" unit composed of a family-head and his family and the concept of family-head succession. Second, Japan expanded the application of Japanese Meiji civil law to Taiwanese domestic relations law and making a family register system. That is, as there were few customs related to this, Japanese "Ie" was directly transplanted in Taiwan. In contrast, in Korea, Imperial Japan first regulated the family system with patriarchal clan rules and made family units as a branch of the patriarchal clan. The second process was reducing the range of kindred, fixing up the range of family unit, and separating the concept of family-head succession from ancestral rites succession. Then, finally the principal of Japanese "Ie" was introduced, contrary to the patriarchal clan rules. In sum, after the family system with patriarchal clan rules was formed, the family unit was reformed to Japanese "Ie".


Account of Thembu law and custom by J. Makalima (written in Xhosa). Forms part of the van Warmelo Collection housed at the University of Pretoria.


New-type urbanization should put people first and carry out people-centered urbanization with the primary tasks to improve the cultural and ethical quality and life quality of the urban residents and promote orderly realizing the citizenization of permanent residents who are able to stay in cities and towns where they have had stable jobs. This newtype urbanization requires land support. The serious problem of man-land disorder should be solved, and realization of man-land harmony should be taken as the main objective. We should observe the basic state policy of protection, economical and intensive use of cultivated land, and give better play to the leading role of planning and the management and control role of plans, orderly carrying forward the land system reform.


The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of the implementation of criteria-referenced self-assessment in students' learning in argumentative writing especially for students learning Chinese as a second language (CSL). Participants were 4 year-8 students in an international school in Hong Kong. Follow-up interview was also conducted to investigate students' perspectives of self-assessment. Findings include the changes of students' writing performance in argumentative essays based on the comparison of pre-test and post-test in the aspects of the 3 metafunctions of language: ideational, interpersonal and textual defined by M.A.K. Halliday. The result suggests that integrating criteria-referenced self-assessment in CSL writing classes can improve students' writing performance and enhance their understanding of marking criteria for argumentative essay. 本文透過準實驗性研究的設計,以香港一所國際學校4位8年級學生為研究對象,了解透過量表自評在中文第二語言寫作教學中的實施,是否能夠提升學生在議論文寫作的表現。本文根據系統功能語言學對於語言元功能的分類,分析學生前後測寫作的表現。結果發現,經過一個月的量表自評實驗,學生的寫作表現在語言的概念功能、人際功能以及語篇功能三個方面均產生變化。此外,透過實驗後的跟進訪談發現,量表自評使得學生對於議論文寫作的評估標準有了更清楚的認識,同時也能夠將這樣的認識體現在對於議論文寫作的評斷當中。


Purpose
This study aims to examine the public's acceptance of film-induced tourism and develops the relationship among placement marketing, involvement, place attachment and travel intention. The film Your Love Song shot in the Hualien and Taitung regions in Taiwan was selected as the case study.

Design/methodology/approach
An online sample survey was conducted using a structured questionnaire, and statistical tests and overall structural equation modeling analysis using the SPSS and AMOS statistical software packages, respectively, were performed.

Findings
This study results demonstrate that destination placement marketing has a significant positive effect on the level of destination involvement, place attachment and travel intention of viewers. Moreover, the level of involvement has some intermediary effect on the interrelationship between placement marketing and travel intention. Hence, this study suggests that relevant government agencies and tourism operators should promote local tourism through films and television shows and attract more tourists by retaining the original shooting scenes.

Originality/value
While previous studies have only analyzed two or three of the four concepts of film-induced tourism, placement marketing, travel intention, involvement and place attachment, this study completely integrates these four concepts and proves the correlation between them.


According to historical records,Cao Cao was born in ancient Qiao Pei Guo,in the city of Bozhou today.That has been acknowledged by the academic community.According to current zoning,some scholars have recently put forward the point that Cao Cao's hometown is located in Yongcheng,Henan Province,according to the documents and current zoning which has been reported by media.This paper roughly analyses the proper location of Cao Cao's hometown.


This paper mainly summarizes the production of cylinder block and cylinder head of engine at home and abroad.Their material mainly is gray cast iron within the bounds of C: 3.15%~3.3%,CE: 3.95%~4.05%,Si / C: 0.6~0.7;generally smelted by cupola-core frequency furnace.75SiFe is still commonly used as inoculant.Vertical casting bottom pouring type gating system and the heat preservation rising head are advantageous in obtaining the high quality cylinder body and cylinder cover.Hot core craft has been gradually replaced by cold-core making process.By enhancing the pouring temperature,tighting the molding sand and other measures the common flaw of leakage of the cylinder body and cylinder cover may be reduced.


Dew computing is an emerging computing paradigm, which aims at minimizing the dependency over existing internetwork back‐haul, ie, being dependent on processing resources offered by remote servers. Smartphones and tablets ubiquity and powerful computing hardware motivated researchers to investigate the way of providing Dew computing services by exploiting the aggregated capabilities of devices in a vicinity, a smart device cluster. Consequently, research on resource management is necessary to learn how to scavenge resources from such a cluster, deal with devices heterogeneity, limitations, and dynamic resource availability. Simulation is commonly practiced for studying resource management in other distributed computing research fields, specially due to the complexity involved in the set up of experiments. However, a free‐to‐use purpose specific toolkit for studying smart device clusters do not exist or have been documented. Current simulation efforts do not allow researchers to faithfully represent key singularities of such environment, which are energy depletion and nondedicated nature of computing resources. We propose a trace‐based toolkit built on modular software artifacts to speed up research in resource management techniques in Dew environments. A trace‐driven methodology is adopted to assure practical value of simulated scenarios. The toolkit comprises a device profiler application for Android to capture generic battery and CPU traces from real devices, a profile mixer to create user interaction baseline traces through generic ones, and an extensible engine to simulate the execution of workloads configurable via text files. Verification and validation tests were run to show correctness and reliability of our simulation approach.


A pandemic named SARS-COV2 COVID 19 affected many people's life in different ways globally. The normal life is still far away, lockdown rules have been relaxed in many countries. Morbidity and mortality increased a lot after the first wave. COVID-19 has affected medical education in a significant way. Most of the patients were asymptomatic during the second wave and some had symptoms such as myalgia, fever, and cough, which complicated to pneumonia, respiratory distress, and thromboembolic complications. There have been the development of many vaccines such as Covaxin, Pfizer–BioNTech, Covishield, Sputnik V, and Moderna, and these vaccinations have been given to frontline medical workers, people with comorbidities, aged people, etc., with high priority and then the general population. Many pregnant and peripartum women were put on Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) in severe to critical cases. A new black fungus was found in post-COVID 19 infections. It was named mucormycosis which usually affected immunocompromised people. There is a high importance in the examination of all the different epidemiological variables of all the places in all the regions across the world, to understand the mutations, and severity of the disease and also to be prepared. Many studies done on COVID-19 in first and the second wave was reviewed in detail and were compared for this review.


Whether discussing nation-state conflict or fourth-generation warfare, Clausewitzian principles are still valid. It is foolish to suggest that war has mutated beyond the nation-state and entered a fourth generation. A more realistic analysis is that war has again shifted to an older style as a practical response to overwhelming conventional military strength. While the actors may be different and the tactics unconventional, this shift to guerrilla warfare must not alter current war theory. FULL TEXT Whether discussing nation-state conflict or fourth-generation warfare, Clausewitzian principles are still valid. Some authors in the late 1980s and early 1990s offered a radical new theory that warfare was in the midst of change. They named it the fourth generation of warfare.1 This change was not based upon any revolution in military affairs or leaps in new computer-based technology but, rather, upon changes in the structure of the world. The thinking of these theorists is that globalism has made long-- established political and international theories obsolete. War has been transformed from the domain of that of nation-states to transnational actors. These conclusions were based on a survey of Western military theory beginning in the 16th century and concluding with an anti-Clausewitzian bias. In this theory the first generation of warfare dates back to Napoleon's era of close order formations. The second generation of warfare was the Industrial Revolution-equipped mass armies of attrition, culminating with World War I. Then came the third gener-ation of maneuver warfare during World War II. Now, we are supposedly in the fourth generation of warfare wherein wars are waged asymmetrically. Central to these arguments is that the modern nation-state no longer has a monopoly on war because of the new era of globalism. The strengths of such arguments rest in debunking Clausewitzian war that is based on defining nation-states while viewing transnational actors as unique. This is also the weakness of such arguments. The modern nation-state can be defined in two ways-first, through international law and, second, as a concept. International law recognizes nation-states through sovereignty. This is an artificial, legalistic, and subjective interpretation of what a nation-state is. Afghanistan under the Taliban was recognized by only three nations; thus, the current intervention in Afghanistan did not violate sovereignty nor did that intervention meet the legal definitions of war. However, it should be understood that international law is neither international nor law, but rather, it is how sovereign nations have chosen to conduct themselves with each other by agreement. This is a very Western concept. Under the concept of the nation-- state there is little question that the Taliban in Afghanistan believed they were a country. They maintained all of the government institutions associated with a nation-state, including sovereignty. This argument applies to the Palestinian National Authority, Chechens, and the Kurds in northern Iraq. The concept of nation extends further. Every guerrilla or civil war involves a national identity that is based on ethnic, religious, or ideological identification. The fact that these groups are not legally defined in international law does not detract from the reality of their national existence. Because most of these groups do not hold recognized territory and are frequently assisted by like-minded groups or by the process of diaspora, we call them transnational threats.


The relationship of Native communities to US print culture during the nineteenth century remains fairly obscure today, some 175 years after the Cherokee Phoenix first saw print in New Echota, Georgia in 1828. In this essay, I would like to focus on one aspect of that history that has received even less notice than movable type—pictorial illustration. The lack of attention paid to printed American Indian illustrations is even more difficult to explain than the lack of critical consideration directed toward early Native books, given that one of the common stereotypes attached to Native utterance is that Indians are image-oriented peoples. The general assumption is that if Native Americans had anything like writing at all, it was "picture writing"—to borrow a phrase from Garrick Mallery's influential nineteenth-century study of picto- graphic systems in the western hemisphere. Even the spoken forms of Native semiotic production, early ethnographers theorized, were based on object, metaphor, and image. 1 In the rest of this essay, I will examine a few of the printed illustrated works produced by Native peoples in North America during the nineteenth century—either by Native individuals and their communities, or in collaboration with non-Natives. I will focus especially on illustrations of folktales and explore the relationship between images and texts that are written/printed versions of what would ordinarily have taken the form of oral performances. I conclude with a theorization of "indigenous illus- tration" that underscores those aspects of my examples that show how print illustration served Native cultural values or political


When [14C]oleate bound to bovine serum albumin was incubated at 370C for 7 min with isolated rat hepatocytes in the absence of glucose, the cumulative oleate uptake curve had two components: a rapid, linear segment over the first 30 sec, followed by a slower, curvilinear component. At 173 jLM [14C]oleate/albumin (1:1, mol/mol), the initial component had a slope (V.) of 118 ± 18 pmol per min per 5 x 104 hepatocytes (mean ± SD). During this initial 30 sec, virtually no oleate was oxidized, and <11% was esterifled. By 5 min, 79% was esterified; oxidation never exceeded 4%. Addition of 2 mM glucose significantly increased oleate esterification and thereby available oleate binding sites on cytosolic fatty acid binding protein but had no influence on VO. Pretreatment with trypsin reduced V. by 49 ± 15%. These data indicate that the initial component of the oleate uptake curve reflects predominantly influx, whereas the subsequent component reflects a balance between influx, efflux, and intracellular metabolism. Influx is independent of intracellular binding, oxidation, and esterification and may reflect a membraneassociated carrier-mediated process. The hepatocellular uptake process for long-chain fatty acids is still incompletely understood. Although cellular permeation of fatty acids is widely considered to occur by diffusion (1-3), some studies report kinetic features such as saturation suggestive of a carrier-mediated process (4-10). Other investigators (11, 12) have argued that this apparent saturation of uptake, as well as the effects on uptake produced by sex hormones (13), fasting (14), and clofibrate (15), reflected saturation of an intracellular metabolic step rather than of membrane transport. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to examine the influence of intracellular metabolism and binding on uptake of a representative long-chain fatty acid, [14C]oleate, by isolated rat hepatocytes. MATERIALS AND METHODS Preparation of Hepatocytes. Hepatocytes of nonfasted male Sprague-Dawley rats (290-300 g) were prepared by the procedure of Berry and Friend (16) using as the perfusion medium a calcium-free buffer containing 140 mM NaCl, 5 mM KCl, 0.8 mM MgSO4-7 H20, 0.4 mM KH2PO4, 5 mM glucose, 5 mM Hepes, 0.3 mM Na2HPO4 12 H20, oxygenated for 5 min with 100% 02 at pH 7.4 and 37°C. Viability was routinely tested. Cells were considered suitable when more than 90% excluded trypan blue before and after each experiment. Additional criteria for viability were an intracellular K+ concentration >85 mM, less than 15% loss of lactate dehydrogenase, and less than 20% stimulation of respiration by succinate. The purified homogeneous cell suspension of hepatic parenchymal cells was washed and resuspended three times in 0.15 M NaCl/0.02 M sodium phosphate (pH 7.4, PBS), diluted to a concentration of 2 x 106 cells per ml and kept on ice until use. The average protein content (17) of the isolated hepatocytes was 2.19 ± 0.21 mg ofprotein per 106 cells. Assay of Fatty Acid Uptake. [1-'4C]Oleate (900 mCi/mmol; 1 Ci = 37 GBq; 99% radiochemically pure; New England Nuclear) was mixed with measured quantities of nonradioactive oleic acid (Sigma) in chloroform, dried under a N2 gas stream, and dissolved in 0.2 ml of 0.1 N NaOH at 37°C. Defatted (6) bovine serum albumin (BSA) (fraction V, Sigma) dissolved in PBS was added to the oleate/NaOH solution to obtain the desired oleate/albumin molar ratio, the pH was adjusted to 7.4, and the oleate/BSA solution was diluted to its final working concentration in PBS. After bringing both cells and substrates to the appropriate temperature, the [14C]oleate solutions were incubated with continuous mixing with 30to 250-,l aliquots of the hepatocyte suspension (2 X 106 cells per ml) in polypropylene tubes in a final volume of 1 ml PBS, pH 7.4. These specific tubes were used since incubations with the various molar ratios of [14C]oleate/albumin in solution in the absence of cells showed no change of [14C]oleate concentrations with time indicating that, under the conditions employed, oleate does not dissolve into polypropylene. At various time intervals oleate uptake was stopped by pipetting 100 ,l ofthe incubation mixture into 1 ml of PBS containing 200 ,AM phloretin and 0.1% BSA (stop/chase solution) at 4°C. The sample was immediately pipetted onto the center of a Whatman GF/C filter (24 mm) at a rate equal to the rate of filtration under 50 mm of Hg vacuum pressure using a filtration apparatus (model 7H, Hoefer, San Francisco) (18). The cells were washed with 5 ml of the stop/chase solution and, thereafter, with 20 ml ofPBS. Washing with more of the stop solution did not change the radioactivity remaining on the filter. The filter was placed in scintillation vials and left overnight in 1 ml of Protosol (New England Nuclear). Subsequently, 10 ml of Econofluor (New England Nuclear) was added, and the radioactivity was determined in a 1217 Rackbeta liquid scintillation counter (LKB-Wallac, Turku, Finland) at a counting efficiency of 92%. Adsorption of radiolabeled oleate to the filters was routinely determined by replacing the cell suspension in the incubation with PBS. It constituted less than 4% of the incubated radioactivity and was dependent on the BSA concentration in the buffer. Even in samples with high BSA concentrations and low rates of cellular oleate uptake, blanks never exceeded 32% of the uptake value and were usually substantially smaller. The radiolabeled oleate adsorbed to the filters without cells was very reproducible for any given experimental circumstance and was routinely determined and subtracted from values measured with cells. Abbreviation: BSA, bovine serum albumin. tTo whom reprint requests should be addressed. 3086 The publication costs of this article were defrayed in part by page charge payment. This article must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with 18 U.S.C. §1734 solely to indicate this fact. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 83 (1986) 3087 Separation of Cellular Lipids. The incorporation of ['4C]oleate into cellular lipids was determined after incubation of 173 uM ['4C]oleate/albumin (1:1, mol/mol) with 5 x 105 hepatocytes in 2 ml ofPBS at 370C for 0.5, 1, 2.5, or 5 min. Incubations were conducted both in the presence and absence of 2 mM glucose. For filtration, filters resistant to organic solvents (SCWP, Millipore) were used. Filters plus cells were extracted three times in 4 ml of chloroform/ methanol (2:1, vol/vol). The extracts were pooled and 0.2 vol of water was added to separate out an aqueous phase. The chloroform phase was evaporated under a stream of nitrogen, then redissolved in 200 A.l of chloroform/methanol (2:1, vol/vol), and applied to silica gel plates (DC Fertigplatte Kieselgel 60 F254, Merck, Darmstadt, F.R.G.). The developing solvent was petroleum ether/diethyl ether/acetic acid (80:20:1, vol/vol). The bands were visualized by 254-nm UV-light and identified by comparison to standards that were run simultaneously. Radioactivity in the bands was counted in 10 ml of Aquasol (New England Nuclear). For further separation of free oleic acid from the glyceride fractions, corresponding lipid zones were eluted from the silica gel by three extractions with a methanol/chloroform/heptane mixture (1.41:1.25:1, vol/vol) and further analyzed by the procedure of Belfrage and Vaughan (19) (recovery >98%). Assay of [14C]Oleate Oxidation to CO2. For these studies incubations were carried out as described above, in rubber capped flasks with a separated center dish containing 0.3 ml of monoethanolamine (10). At various times 0.2 ml of 2.5 M H2SO4 was injected into the reaction medium through the rubber cap to stop the reaction and to liberate CO2. After 1 hr at 370C, 0.2 ml of the monoethanolamine containing the trapped '4CO2 was transferred to scintillation vials for counting with 10 ml of Aquasol. In control experiments radioactive bicarbonate was completely recovered in monoethanolamine under these conditions. Trypsin Pretreatment of Hepatocytes. The effect of trypsin pretreatment of hepatocytes on [14C]oleate influx was determined by preincubation of 2 ml of the hepatocyte suspension (2 x 106 cells per ml) with 1 ml of trypsin solution (0.6 mg/ml) (Sigma) in 10 mM Tris HCl, pH 8.0, for 15 min at 37°C. The cells were then washed three times with PBS, centrifuged, and resuspended to 2 x 106 cells per ml. Controls were incubated with 10 mM Tris HCl, pH 8, without trypsin and, thereafter, washed, centrifuged, and resuspended as above. The viability of the cells after preincubation was >90%. The cell suspension (250 ,ul) was then incubated with 173 AM [14C]oleate/BSA (1:1, mol/mol) in 1 ml of PBS at 37°C.


Report and Tables, Area, houses and population, Variation in population since, Town classified by population with variation since, Religion, Education by Religion and age


Q NE STRIKING FEAT`URE of Hart Crane's The Bridge is the poet's seemingly unorthodox conception of myth. Although several scholars have made known Crane's use of myth, they have not concerned themselves with exposing the poem as myth-an idea explicit in its dedicatory proem. Furthermore, although various critics have been successful in establishing Crane as a poet by equating his Platonic idealism with romantic mysticism, this approach has not proved precise enough to lend total coherence to the symbolism, the metaphysical imagery, and the structure of the poem, nor in particular, to explain the poet's use of the term myth.' By emphasizing, however, Crane's Platonism-by opposing it to notions of romantic mysticism-one may gain this needed insight, and in so doing, add meaning to Crane's poetic principle "the logic of metaphor," establish a structure for The Bridge, and uncover the Platonic sources for his myth of the Brooklyn Bridge.


Adsorption model,dynamic mechanism and adsorption thermodynamic property of the version zeolite are discussed.The study results show that,Freundlich equation can favorably associate fluorine ion adsorption equilibrium in the version zeolite,and the adsorption model is Freundlich model.Adsorption process is internal diffusion control,defluoridation material has good defluoridation capability,adsorption process is exothermal chemical adsorption,and rising temperature is not good to adsorption.


A GaN-type enhancement mode transistor and a method for its preparation. The GaN-type enhancement mode transistor comprising: a substrate, transition layers, a buffer layer consisting of a III-nitride material, a barrier layer comprising a III-nitride material, drain and source contacts, a III-V-gate connection with doping elements from the acceptor type and a gate metal, wherein the III-V gate interconnection and the gate metal are made self-aligned in a single photo mask process, and the lower edge of the gate metal and the upper edge of the gate interconnection have the same dimensions. The GaN-type enhancement mode transistor may also include a field plate of an ohmic metal, with an ohmic drain metal, ohmic metal source and a field plate are all made in a single photomask process.


Road traffic data analysis has become a major focus of data mining research due to the key role it plays in optimizing road network performance. A major challenge for query processing on road traffic data is the time and memory required due to the large volume of traffic measurements available. We propose a method that provides high compression ratio while achieving high query accuracy for compressed network traffic data. We use temporal graphs for representing traffic data as they can preserve both the topological and temporal relations in the network. Unlike existing methods which mainly focus on unweighted graphs, we aim at analysing connected weighted graphs. The main idea is to exploit the redundancies between consecutive snapshots in a temporal graph to approximate the queries efficiently. Our method is demonstrated on real life road traffic network data from Melbourne. Results are compared to the output of another recent approach, and our results show that our proposed algorithm can achieve greater time efficiency with similar accuracy.


The function of this review is to warn the reader not to waste valuable time on this book. It is predictably, but disappointingly, dominated by the author's theory of individual psychology. Briefly, this theory consists of a categorization of character defenses which are labeled "games." This manner of looking at defenses stresses their alloplastic function; that is, their tendency to involve other people for unconscious defensive purposes or wishful needs. However, the author treats them as ploys both in theory and practice. The reality and intensity of the underlying drives and conflicts are flippantly demeaned as "payoff." Anxiety is not seriously considered, and guilt is dismissed as mainly "unauthentic." Since the patient is only "playing games" one need only show him how "silly" they are, that they do not lead to what the patient wants, and then the patient will give them up. This operation is


With the rapid development of information technology, wearable devices are widely used in many fields due to their advanced research and development technology. Moreover, wearable devices are gradually being introduced into school sports for daily teaching and training. This paper applies smart wearable technology to implicit stratified soccer teaching to help teachers reduce the labelling effect, avoid damaging students' self-esteem, provide objective learning evaluations based on students' exercise data, and finally conduct in-depth teaching reflections. Meanwhile, applying smart wearable devices to school sports can also present an example of physical education reform. This study shows that the implicit stratified teaching mode for primary schools supported by smart wearable technology can improve students' soccer techniques at all levels


A 68-year-old man was transferred to our hospital presenting with a 3-day history of massive neck swelling and dyspnea; he had medical histories of hypertension, diabetes, and liver cirrhosis. He developed severe respiratory distress with impaired consciousness. He was intubated and admitted to the ICU. For massive neck swelling with purpura and multiple organ failure, he was treated using antibiotics, continuous hemodiafiltration, and drainage of the post-pharyngeal abscess. We found ulcers and blisters, suspicious of necrotizing fasciitis (NF), on his left cervicothoracic skin on hospital day 2. We planned to perform an incision and drainage, but he died within 24 hours of admission. Hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae (hvKP) was detected from blood cultures (positive string test). Genetic testing and whole-genome analysis revealed that this strain belonged to capsule serotype K2 , ST65, and rmpA-positive. To our knowledge, no cases of NF caused by this strain have been reported in Japan. Here, we present a rare case of hvKP infection.


Abstract In this paper we consider tests for lack of fit in a class of seasonal periodic autoregressive moving average (SPARMA) models under the assumption that the errors are uncorrelated but non-independent (i.e. weak SPARMA models). We derive the asymptotic distributions of residual and normalized residual empirical autocovariances and autocorrelations of these weak SPARMA models. We then deduce the modified portmanteau statistics. We establish the asymptotic behavior of the proposed statistics, which can be quite different from the usual chi-squared approximation used under independent and identically distributed (iid) assumptions on the noise. We also propose another test based on a self-normalization approach to cheek the adequacy of SPARMA models. A set of Monte Carlo experiments and an application to the daily returns of the SP500 are presented.


The medical tourism of Korea is still in its early stage. As related tour companies, medical institutions, and governmental agencies are poorly recognizing the medical tourism, the infrastructure for medical tourism has been insufficiently constructed because of lack of strategy. So, this study aims to identify the evaluation factors of oriental medical tour experience, find out the needs of experience tour users based on the evaluation factors with accuracy, examine the difference between the tour factors by using IPA theory in order to establish proper marketing strategy, and investigate how the choice attribute which determines experience tour factors affect users`` importance-performance evaluation before and after oriental medical experience tour, thereby suggesting the desirable direction for oriental medical experience tour and giving direct help to business performance through sales improvement. The choice attribute of oriental medical experience is expected to be useful in examining the difference of Chinese tourists`` oriental medical tour on importance-performance, and understanding their behaviors, and finally will be utilized as basic data to develop contents of oriental medical experience and oriental medical tour. In addition, it will be utilized as information for differentiated marketing according to experience tendency and contribute to raising our nation`s competitiveness in oriental medical tour.


In this review, a brief introduction of application of surface science for the advancement of environmental heterogeneous catalysis is provided. By some related research works, the pressure and materials gaps between the environmental heterogeneous catalysis and the surface science are discussed,and a number of experimental solutions are suggested.The importance of in-situ surface analysis for real catalyst is emphasized.


A new potential allelochemical 1 m.f. C33H40O21,m.p.244-246°C, [M] 772 has been isolated from methanolic extract of the roots of Lagascea mollis Cav. along with two known compounds. The structure of new allelochemical has been characterized as 5,7,3'5'-tetra hydroxy 3-methoxy flavone-7-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-xylopyranosyl-5'-O-α-Lrhamnopyranoside 1 along with two known compounds Genkwanin 2 and Acacetin 3 by various chemical degradations, colour reactions and spectral analysis. In the present paper, antioxidant activity of compound 1 was carried out by DPPH radical scavenging method. The results obtained from experimental finding showed that this compound may be used as antioxidants agent.


This paper talks about three concepts: the invisible pedagogies concept (and its evolution from the hidden curriculum concept), the address concept and the performativity concept. In these three cases, these terms are uprooted from other research fields and planted in pedagogy and, in specifically, in the museums of visual arts education. In the second part we present the research project that is born from the three previous concepts, known as the Invisible Museum Project, and the objectives obtained in five museums: Tate Modern, Thyssen, LABoral, Matadero and New Museum.


Background The prompt diagnosis of  penetrating abdominal injury to identify  viscera injuries is essential. Objective To describe patients  characteristics of penetrating abdominal injury  such as indications for early laparotomy and non-operative management. Methodology Descriptive study was  perormed. The study included all patients with  penetrating abdominal injury in Hatyai Hospital between1 January 2007 – 31  December 2010. Results A total of 213 cases of penetrating  injuries of the abdomen were collected. Mean  age was 28.3 ± 11.3 years old. The most common locations of the stab wounds were  anterior abdomen (33.8%) and  thoracoabdomen (26.3%). Most associated injuries were hemothorax and pneumothorax).  In137 patients who underwent early  laparotomies, 27 patients (19.7%) had negative laparotomy. Peritoneal signs (36.5%)  were the most common indication for urgent  laparotomy. Serial physical examination,  FAST and local wound exploration were  frequently used in non- operative  management. Serial physical examination was diagnostic modalities for successful  selective non-operative management. Conclusions The serial physical  examination alone and/or together with  different diagnostic modalities allows  reduction in negative laparotomy. Key words Penetrating abdominal injury


A large literature on the United States and Western Europe establishes that there is a correlation between gender and legislator activity. The article extends the literature to India by exploring a unique dataset of Question Hour activity in the lower house of parliament over a 30-year period (1980–2009). Compared with male legislators, female legislators ask 24% fewer parliamentary questions, and there are also significant differences in question content, even after controlling for important covariates. However, it is likely that female and male legislators differ on unobserved attributes that affect legislative activity. Using the intuition that the gender of winners in close elections between women and men is quasi-randomly determined, the article employs a regression discontinuity design to reestimate the gender effect. The results indicate that gender has zero causal effect on the volume of questions and most types of question content.


High-pressure liquefaction of a sawdust in syngas and hydrogen with tetralin as solvent was performed in an autoclave,and the effects of temperature,reaction time and initial reaction pressure on the sawdust high-pressure liquefaction were studied by testing the distribution and characteristic of liquefaction products.The effects of atmosphere on the products distribution and characteristic of sawdust liquefaction were also compared.The results show that the oil yield increases with increasing temperature,reaction time and pressure,while the effects of operating parameters on the oil yield are different: the temperature has a bigger effect than the reaction time and pressure.Under same conditions,the yield and characteristic of liquefaction products in hydrogen and syngas are almost the same,so it is possible to use syngas to replace hydrogen during biomass high-pressure liquefaction.The optimal liquefaction conditions of the sawdust in tetralin at syngas atmosphere is 300℃,2MPa pressure and reaction time of 30min with the conversion of 75.1% and the oil yield of 48.4%.


Experiments were conducted on Chinese cabbage seedlings of the seventh day after germination with varied-concentration salicylic acid.Total RNA was prepared from the leaves with higher chitinase activity by methods of Trizol,guanidine isothiocyanate and SDS,and RT-PCR reaction was carried out.The results showed that the chitinase activity reached maximum with 0.6 mmol·L-1 salicylic acid about 12 h,and the special band were amplified by SDS extracting,which suggests that the modified SDS method is an efficient and effective procedure for the extraction of high quality and yield RNA from Chinese cabbage.


Dr Hafiz T A Khan (Commonwealth Fellow, Oxford Institute of Ageing, 2005 – 2006), explains how research undertaken on his
fellowship at the University of Oxford could have wide ranging implications for health planning in Bangladesh.


The objective of this paper is to analyze the transsexual in psychiatry and partly in psychoanalysis. It can be observed that transsexual is referred to as pathology being that it is considered an "identity disorder", given the non-conformity between sex and gender. On the other hand, it can also be considered a psychosis owing to the refusal of sexual difference. What defines the diagnosis of transsexual is a normative conception of the gender-sex systems, which is converted onto a regulating system of sexuality. In spite of the complexity of this issue, this paper discusses the possibilities of a critical reflection in psychoanalyze that allows for the detachment of transsexuality in this normative territory of pathologization.


Manufacturers of a patented food to treat malnutrition are facing challenges from other companies wanting a piece of the cake, Sophie Arie reports


ABSTRACT A 70-day growth study was conducted to quantify the dietary tryptophan requirement of the African catfish, Clarias gariepinus using diets containing casein and gelatin as sources of intact protein, supplemented with crystalline amino acids, formulated to a crude protein content of 400 g/kg and gross energy content of 12 kJ/g dry matter. The diets, with graded levels of tryptophan (3-13 g/kg protein), were fed to triplicate groups of African catfish (11.5 1.1 g) twice a day up to satiation. Dietary tryptophan requirement estimated using break point analysis was 11 g/kg dietary protein, higher than the requirements recorded in literature for other fishes. Catfish fed diets containing tryptophan below 11 g/kg protein (tryptophan-deficient diets) showed reduced growth response and feed utilization (P < 0.05). Anorexia was observed after 10 days in catfish fed diets containing 3 or 5 g tryptophan/kg protein), and slight curvature of the catfish vertebral column was noted in catfish fed tryptophan defi...


The aim of this bachelor thesis is to evaluate the role of language corpora in the linguistic study of the English language, predominantly in the Czech school system. The theoretical part starts with a definition of corpus linguistics which could be understood as an introduction to this area. Further, this part contains definitions of language corpora from the point of view from various linguists, and then a list of well-known and large language corpora is provided. The last part explains the use of language corpora for various purposes. The practical part is based on the questionnaires which were answered by university and secondary school lecturers. Their answers are described in separate chapters and finally evaluated.


A damage detection approach is developed using nonlinear autoregressive with exogenous inputs (NARX) neural networks and a statistical inference technique. Within a large spatially extended dynamic system, an instrumented local substructure may be represented by a neural network, to predict the dynamic response of a given sensor from that of its neighbors. Without change in the system properties, the network prediction error will follow a stable statistical distribution. To infer damage, change in the prediction error variance as evaluated by the statistical inference standard F test is utilized as a sensitive indicator. Validation of the described procedure is undertaken using two experimental data sets (from the Los Alamos National Laboratory in Los Alamos, NM). Reduced stiffness and nonlinear response of a mass- spring system is documented in the first set, while joint damage in a frame structure is explored in the second. Favorable results are obtained in both cases with linear/nonlinear and single/multidamage patterns. Overall, the proposed framework may be particularly efficient for large spatially extended sensor network situations, where local condition assessment may be conducted based on the response of a few neighboring sensors. DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE)EM.1943-7889.0000363. © 2013 American Society of Civil Engineers. CE Database subject headings: Structural Health Monitoring; Vibration; Damage; Neural networks; Statistics. Author keywords: Structural health monitoring; Damage detection; Neural network; Damage indicator; Statistical inference; Sensor network.


In this paper, the semantic analysis technology based on NLP(natural language processing) is proposed to optimize the English translation model in order to improve the efficiency of the error correction and accuracy of English machine translation by building the NLP corpus, constructing semantic feature analysis model of English translation text error correction. A grammar error detection model is used as a discriminator, in addition, N-gram information and NLP corpus information is added into the corpus model parameters in English machine translation: first, use the sequence label error detection model to mark the characters with problems in sentences; Second, use the end-to-end model to correct only the wrong characters to reduce the reasoning time; then, the semantic features are added to Transformer's attention calculation through NLP's semantic analysis method to improve the error correction efficiency of the model. According to the sentence error category, the pre-training sentence pairs of the specified error category are generated, and the masked characters in sentences of different languages are predicted through auto-regressive decoding; Besides, the large-scale sentences are corrected into corresponding correct sentences in the case of unknown languages, thereafter reaching the aim of realizing semantic analysis technology based on NLP to improve the accuracy of English translation. The test results show that this method has good error correction ability by reducing the error rate, thus improves the accuracy of English machine translation.


Abstract A synthesis of the methyl ether of the fish‐deterrent sporochnol A is described. The route involves the application of Claisen ortho‐ester rearrangement to generate the key quaternary carbon.


Inheritance of morphological features of seed color and performance constituets in F 1 and F 2 winter rye hybrids from crossing (l.471 / l.44) and (l.471 / l.4351Н.4-1-22) was investigated. Quantitative parameters of performance of F 1 hybrids, such as the number of productive shoots, the flower number per spike, the kernel number per spike, the kernel weight per spike, and the kernel weight per plant, exceeded the parents' averages. High degree of phenotypic dominance indicate that these traits are inherited by intermediate type, partially dominance and overdominance. In F 2 hybrids, dihybrid segregation by color was observed: purple pigments in the caryopsis coat (purple), aleurone layer pigmentation (intermediate) and wild-type color (white), with a quantitative prevalence of the wild-type color of the caryopsis. Regardless of the winter rye lines with colored and wild-type coloration involved in crossing, a monogenic recessive inheritance was revealed for the purple color of seeds.


The utility model relates to electrical products, in particular to a full automatic belt type hair washing machine which overcomes the defects of existing automatic hair washing machines. The full automatic belt type hair washing machine comprises a hair washing bed system, a constant temperature water supply system, a hair washing cabin system, a left and right rotating system and a hair washing machine box member system. The hair washing bed system is arranged above the hair washing machine box member system, the constant temperature water supply system is arranged in the hair washing machine box member system located on the lower middle portion of a hair washing bed of the hair washing bed system, the hair washing cabin system is arranged in the middle in the hair washing machine box member system behind and below the head of the bed, the left and right rotating system is arranged on the lower portion, namely below the hair washing cabin system, in the hair washing machine box member system, and the bottom of the hair washing cabin system is fixed to a rotating frame at the top of the left and right rotating system. The hair washing cabin system comprises an outer barrel and an inner barrel fixedly supported in the outer barrel. Through the full automatic belt type hair washing machine, people can smoothly wash hair by themselves without the need of assistance by other specially-assigned persons, both long hair and short hair can be washed cleanly and smoothly and are easy to comb, and water, time and labor can be saved.


In this article, the author writes about the importance of an Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) network backbone. He contends, however, that the telecommunications providers are not addressing ITS opportunities, perhaps due to liability issues or more lucrative rewards in other applications.


Objective To assess the correlation between quantitative parameters of contrast enhanced ultrasonography(CEUS) and liver fibrosis in rats.Methods Totally 37 Wistar rats were selected and liver fibrosis was induced by subcutaneous injection of 40% CCl4/olive oil solution.Ten rats were included into control group,and the other rats were divided into 3 experimental groups according to liver fibrosis degree,i.e.S1 group(n=11),S2 group(n=9) and S3(n=7) group.Quantitative parameters were obtained with CEUS and compared with pathological results.Results Both hepatic vein arrival time and hepatic artery-vein transit time decreased with the development of liver fibrosis,and statistical differences were found among all the groups(all P0.05).Semi-quantitative fibrosis score and the relative content of collagen increased gradually with liver fibrosis going serious(r=-0.828,-0.819,both P0.05).Conclusion CEUS parameters of hepatic artery-vein transit time can be used as noninvasive and quantitative evaluation of liver fibrosis in rats.


List of birds and locations contributed by Rita Goranson. Included with the field notes is a letter from Rita Goranson to Thomas H. Kent regarding bird sightings. This item was used as supporting documentation for the Iowa Ornithologists' Union Quarterly field report of fall 1991.


The requirement to install control systems integrated with sensors in high temperature environments has posed a challenge to the traditional limit of 125°C for conventional electronics. There is a need to operate at temperatures of 200°C and above in restricted space for example in down-well, aero-engine or geothermal applications in combination with high pressures, vibrations and potentially corrosive environments. Piezo-electric accelerometers based on ferro-electric ceramics have been used in a wide range of applications for measuring vibrations, fluid flow and turbulence and are capable of operating as a transducer alone at temperatures up to 250°C, which has made them attractive in sensing applications for down-well drilling and aero-engine health and usage monitoring. However, the electronics traditionally used to carry out the signal conditioning and processing (e.g. charge to voltage conversion, filtering) has been limited to a qualification limit of 125°C, which results in a reduced sensitivity o...