This diploma work deals with analysis of human resources in the company Amcico pojisťovna, a.s. This work consists of several parts. The first and second explain the theoretical background of the problems connected with management and human resources management. The following chapter introduces and describes briefly the company Amcico pojisťovna, a.s. In the fourth part of this diploma work, theoretical knowledge is applied in practice.


Introduction : There is an increasing number of reports demonstrating that dietary small bowel obstruction caused by rice cake consumption can be treated conservatively. However, the course of conservative treat-ment and the characteristics of the cases that require surgery remain unclear. The purpose of this study was to clarify the clinical features of small bowel obstruction caused by rice cake consumption and the characteristics of cases that require surgery. Methods : We retrospectively assessed all cases of intestinal obstruction caused by rice cake consumption treated at a single institution over a period of 7 years. We also assessed similar previously reported cases. Results : We assessed nine cases in our study and reviewed 67 previously reported cases. Conservative treat-ment was employed in 56 cases (73.7%). Dietary small bowel obstruction caused by rice cake consumption oc-curred 1.7 ± 0.3 days after intake. The computed tomography (CT) value of rice cake in the intestine was 160.0 ± 8.9 Hounsfield Units. Pieces of rice cake (length (cid:2) 4 cm) were observed in five of six cases in which rice cake consumption caused intestinal perforation. Conclusion : In most cases, patients with dietary small bowel obstruction caused by rice cake consumption will recover after conservative treatment. However, there is a high risk of intestinal perforation if intestinal CT reveals the length of rice cake pieces to be 4 cm or longer.


This article is based on a distinctive study that seeks to analyse the nascent role of teenagers' activism and protests for climate change action. With the increasing realisation of children's rights to participation, the past few years have marked the rise of the new dispensation of climate activism and protests in which teenagers have occupied the centre stage. We pay specific reference to Greta Thunberg, a Swedish child climate activist, in as much as she can set a framework upon which Africa can draw parallels, lessons and insights for climate activism and protests. Even though the context may be different, the paper attempts to inform vibrant climate action through activism by children and ultimately climate policies, laws and management for environmental sustainability in Africa. We engaged document review and thematic approaches, and it emerged that children climate activism and protests in Africa are not as vibrant as they should be given the prevalence of climate inaction across the continent. Therefore, there is much to learn from Thunberg by pushing national governments and regional organisations to increase the decision-making space of children in the fight against climate change.


The popular textbook treatment of capital budgeting under uncertainty requires a risk-adjusted discount rate (RADR), which is typically calculated as the expected rate of return for a project under the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) or Arbitrage Pricing Theory (APT). The RADR is then used to discount expected flows from the project to compute a market value. This approach has gained popularity in practice, but has some limitations, both practical and theoretical. This paper proposes an alternative approach that overcomes some of these limitations.


In the relevant literature, the concepts of corporate identity, corporate culture, and corporate image are explained in order to explain corporate reputation. However, there are important differences between them. Sometimes these concepts replace each other. Although all of these concepts are related to how organizations are perceived, there are differences between them. In the light of the explanations above, the theoretical dimensions of corporate identity, corporate culture, corporate image and their relations with the corporate reputation are examined in order to determine and explain the theoretical framework of corporate reputation.


Ratchet models provide an useful mechanism for directed transport using nonequilibrium fluctuations of the surrounding. In the dynamics of micro-particles quantum effect is likely to make its presence felt in appropriate situations, particularly at low temperature. In this review we have discussed the aspects of ratchet motion in quantum domain. Making use of a Wigner canonical thermal distribution for description of the statistical properties of the noise, we explore the generic effects of quantization like vacuum field fluctuation and tunneling in fluctuation-induced quantum transport both in the overdamped and the underdamped limits and the energetics of quantum ratchet.


The invention discloses a ceramic wafer used as a corsage and a production method thereof. The ceramic wafer used as the corsage comprises a ceramic wafer body used as the corsage, and a circular boss which is 1-4mm in height is arranged at the back of the ceramic wafer body. The invention further discloses a rolling and shaping production method of the ceramic wafer used as the corsage. The ceramic wafer used as the corsage disclosed by the invention can be rapidly, orderly and tidily put and arranged on a support plate and has the advantages of convenience in machining operation, high processing efficiency and high yield. The production method of the ceramic wafer used as the corsage disclosed by the invention is simple and easy to operate.


The influence of lipid peroxidation (LPO) in isolated frog retina on dark adaptation of photoreceptors was studied. Stimulus-response functions, late receptor potential (LRP) as function of the stimulus light intensity were measured before bleach and in a steady state after dark adaptation. It was shown that accumulation of LPO products influenced dark adaptation in photoreceptors. Based on the displacements of the stimulus-response curves and experimental measurement data on the rate of LRP collapse after retina treatment with strophanthin it is concluded that the most probable mechanism of such an influence lies in a change of photoreceptor plasma membrane permeability.


The Katherine Group brings together for the first time newly edited and translated versions of three dynamic saints' lives, The Lives of Saints Katherine, Margaret and Juliana, a quirky but rhetorically persuasive guide to virginity, Hali Meidenhad, and a psychologically astute sermon, Sawles Warde ("The Guardianship of the Soul"). These works are important witnesses to the development of Middle English writing after the Conquest and to the rigorous anchoritic spiritual life pursued by female recluses in medieval England.


Immunohistochemistry for preferentially expressed antigen in melanoma (PRAME) has been studied in melanocytic lesions but not nonmelanoma skin cancers (NMSCs). This study evaluated PRAME expression in NMSCs and dermoepidermal junction (DEJ) melanocytes in the surrounding skin.


This paper presents a fast algorithm for allocation at mission-time of moving targets to a group of unmanned vehicles. A fleet of UAVs must fly through a known environment to reach partially unknown locations, or targets, where three tasks: identification, attack and verification must be performed sequentially. The total mission cost is identified to be the sum of the total times that the UAVs spend completing their tasks, while respecting the task priorities and ensuring the task precedence laws. The problem is solved in two steps; the first step is performed off-line and is the most computationally intensive: the environment is subdivided into triangle-shaped areas forming the tessellation graph (TG), and the shortest path between each two vertexes couples of the plane is computed using the all-pairs-nodes Dijkstra algorithm. The second step, at mission-time, regards management of moving targets and adaptation to the results of the identification phase. Optimal task assignment is performed using the Hungarian algorithm; exact path lengths between vehicles and targets are computed from the off-line computed Dijkstra paths. One parameter is available to tune the optimal task allocation algorithm with respect to desired aggressive/selfish or cooperative behavior.


Ceramic coatings with high heat radiation property were synthesized with self-made Al(H2PO4)3,SiO2,ZrO2,Co3O4 and NiO powders,and the effects of aggregate,binder and darkening agent on its properties were also studied.The results showed that ceramic coatings with fine wear-resistant and binding properties were synthesized at 120-140 ℃ when the mole ratio of Al and P was 1.4∶3.When the weight ratio of aggregate and binder was 1.7∶1 and the coarse particles in matrix were about 40 wt%,the aggregate was dense and the coating had excellent wear-resistant.Moreover,composite darkening agents showed better energy-saving and higher heat radiation than a single darkening agent.


Hepatic Postrenal segment anomalies of inferior vena cava such as bilateral inferior vena cava and left-sided in ferior vena cava can simulate Iymphadenopathy on CT scan and these ar- , omalous veins need consideration in relroperitoneal operations such as procedures for prevention of venous embolism , splenorenal shunt operation and aortic prosthetic replacement We analysed 16 cases of postrenal segment anomalies diagnosed by CT , vena cavography , rctrograde pyelography and ultrasonography including six rare posilional anomalies at hepatic segment of inferior vena cava diagnosed by cardiac angiography


The friction material used for the brake pads should have a low wear rate, outstanding thermal stability to hold the braking properties of the vehicle and coefficient of friction should constant under different operating conditions which include loads which applied, temperature, dry or wet braking environment and speed. Due to this reason, every newly developed friction material's fabrication should undergo a series of experimental tests to evaluate the friction as well as wear properties. In this article a study of frictional and wear behavior of friction material for ecological brake pads of road vehicles discussed. In the formulation of the friction material shells as a filler, a small amount of metal, silicon carbide, graphite, resin and hexametiltetramine were used. The main objective of the paper refers to the investigation of the impact of the working regime on friction material's tribological characteristics. In this sense, were studied the evolution of the coefficient of friction and the thermal field at the contact surface between the friction couplings, the influence of load on the friction coefficient at different speeds and the influence of load on wear rate at a constant speed. The knowledge of the functional properties of the newly developed friction material produced in the laboratory provides the possibility of pertinent assessments regarding the durability of the brake pads during operations, as well as on the quantity of wear products released into the atmosphere. The results concluded that as a filler material this species of shells may be used in the fabrication of brake pads for road vehicles.


Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) and their derivatives are currently the fastest growing class of therapeutics. Even if naked antibodies have proven their value as successful biopharmaceuticals, they suffer from some limitations. To overcome suboptimal therapeutic efficacy, immunoglobulins are conjugated with toxic payloads to form antibody drug conjugates (ADCs) and with chelating systems bearing therapeutic radioisotopes to form radioimmunoconjugates (RICs). Besides their therapeutic applications, antibody conjugates are also extensively used for many in vitro assays. A broad variety of methods to functionalize antibodies with various payloads are currently available. The decision as to which conjugation method to use strongly depends on the final purpose of the antibody conjugate. Classical conjugation via amino acid residues is still the most common method to produce antibody conjugates and is suitable for most in vitro applications. In recent years, however, it has become evident that antibody conjugates, which are generated via site-specific conjugation techniques, possess distinct advantages with regard to in vivo properties. Here, we give a comprehensive overview on existing and emerging strategies for the production of covalent and non-covalent antibody conjugates.


A multidimensional model of self-reported health status in 1,980 patients with 1 or more chronic medical conditions was evaluated. Two dimensions of health were hypothesized: Physical health was defined by measures of physical functioning, role limitations, satisfaction with physical ability, and mobility; mental health was defined by depression, positive affect, anxiety, and feelings of belonging


Magnetic ordering in a mixed domain structure composed of a stripe domain and asymmetrically localized magnetic impurity inside the stripe domain was investigated. The analytical expression for domain walls deformation mediated by the influence of the magnetostatic stray field of the asymmetrically localized magnetic impurity was obtained. The calculations were done for the magnetic film with parameters which are typical for films used in magnetic memory. Experimental implementation of the mixed domain structure composed of the stripe domain and asymmetrically localized magnetic impurity inside the stripe domain was done in (BiLu)3(FeGa)5O12 film. Obtained analytical solution for the shape of stripe domain walls distortion is in excellent agreement with the experimental results.


Monitoring and diagnosis of network conditions is a central problem in networking. As such, it has received a lot of attention in the Internet community in general and in the context of overlay networks in particular. Independently, recent advances in network coding have shown that it is possible to increase network capacity and better share the available resources by allowing intermediate nodes to perform processing operations, in addition to just forwarding packets. In this work, we propose the use of network coding techniques to improve several aspects of network monitoring in overlay networks. As a specific application, we use our approach for the well-known problem of network tomography, and in particular for inferring link loss rates from end-to-end measurements. We demonstrate that our approach can decrease the bandwidth used by probes, improve the accuracy of estimation, and decrease the complexity of selecting paths or trees to send probes.


By incorporating Ball-Berry model of stomatal conductance into the models of photosynthesis and transpiration, a model of leaf water use efficiency (WUE)as affected by several environmental variables[irradiance(I), vapor pressure deficit(VPD)and atmospheric CO_(2) concentration (Ca)] was constructed. Because the environmental variables influenced the photosynthetic rate and transpiration rate in different ways, the changes of leaf WUE with these factors were quite complicated. The rates of photosynthesis and transpiration of wheat leaves were also measured in the phytotron where the environmental variables were kept within certain ranges, and leaf WUE was calculated therefrom. The results of simulation fitquite well with the measurements except at high Ca.


The invention discloses a system and method for controlling the temperature of a power battery of a gasoline-electricity hybrid vehicle. The temperature control system comprises a battery box internally provided with an electronic assembly, and a control module, wherein a gas inlet and a gas outlet are arranged on the battery box, and outside gas can be communicated with the gas inlet of the battery box after passing through a pressurization system for providing the gas for an engine of the vehicle or an air compression system arranged on a vehicle body; and the control module is used for controlling the working states of the pressurization system and/or the air compression system according to environmental parameters, thereby conveniently starting a corresponding preheating system or a corresponding cooling system to preheat or cool the electronic assembly. The temperature control system provides a heating gas source and a cooling gas source for the battery box by adequately utilizing corollary equipment of the vehicle, and special heating and cooling equipment which are necessary for a battery system can be omitted, so that the space, occupied by the equipment, of the whole vehicle is reduced, and the design principle of the whole vehicle is satisfied; and moreover, the gas is driven by the pressure of high-pressure gas to automatically flow in the battery box, and additional heat exchange power components are not needed, so that the consumption of energy can be reduced, and the use cost of the vehicle can be decreased.


Evapotranspiration is one of the most significant variables used to determine runoff, hydrological balances, and climate change studies. In semi-arid conditions, there is a need to evaluate various alternatives to establish reference evapotranspiration (ETo), given that climate change scenarios sometimes do not provide information on diverse climate variables. Several alternatives for obtaining evapotranspiration are analyzed in this study and compared with the Penman-Monteith method, modified by FAO (PMFAO56). Due to limited daily climate information, it is necessary to consider different options for determining reference evapotranspiration. In the present work, methods based on temperature (Hargreaves, Hargreaves 1, Hargreaves 2, and Baier-Robertson) and radiation (Caprio, Irmark 1, Irmark 2, Irmark 3, Makkink, Priestley-Taylor and Hasen) were investigated. The best performance for the semi-arid Jucar River Basin was determined by Hargreaves methods. Regional calibration of Hargreaves methods, Hargreaves 1 and Hargreaves 2, were performed for each sub-basin.


The nitration process of nitrogen-containing heterocyclic aromatics with electron-donating groups,taking 2,6-diaminopyridine and 2,6-dimethoxypyrazine as substrates,is studied. The effects of nitration systems on the yields of 2,6-diaminopyridine and 2,6-dimethoxypyrazine are investigated,respectively. The best nitration system that is suitable for those pyridine and pyrazine compounds which are difficult to be nitrated is determined. On the base of that,some important factors,such as the amount of nitric acid,reaction temperature,ratio of super acid,are further studied,and the optimized reaction conditions are obtained. Yields of 90% and 65% are reached for 2,6-diaminopyridine and 2,6-dimethoxypyrazine,respectively. Finally,the relationship between the difficulty of nitration and the activity of nitrogen-containing heterocyclic aromatics is analyzed through simulated quantum chemistry calculation in the view of electron cloud density and zero point energy. The results show that,with the increase in nitrogen atom number of aromatic,the electron cloud density of carbon atom displays a decreasing trend,theactivity of nitrogen-containing heterocyclic aromatics weakens,and then the nitration reaction is restrained. However,as the introduction of electron-donating group,the electron cloud density of carbon atom increases,promoting the nitration reaction.


8 LIST OF PUBLICATIONS 11 ABBREVIATIONS 12 1. BACKGROUND 13 1.1 GIARDIA LAMBLIA 13 1.2 WATERBORNE OUTBREAKS OF DISEASE 23 1.3 POSTINFECTIOUS COMPLICATIONS 25 2. AIMS OF PRESENT STUDY. 31 3. MATERIALS AND METHODS 32 3.1 SETTING 32 3.2 DESIGN 36 3.3 PARTICIPANTS 36 3.4 VARIABLES 41 3.5 ANALYSES AND STATISTICAL METHODS 45 3.6 ETHICS 46 4. SUMMARY OF RESULTS 48 4.1 PAPER I 48 4.2 PAPER II 49 4.3 PAPER III 50


This paper shows that aligned bilingual English-French corpora offer the advantage of improving the performance of anaphora resolution in both languages. It sets out a new 'mutual enhancement' methodology and discusses the results obtained from running the enhanced anaphora resolution algorithms for English and French on a bilingual corpus. The evaluation reports up to 4.62% improvement of the success rate for English and up to 5.15% for French.


Introduction Part I. Epic Revisions* 1. "Pagans Are Wrong and Christians Are Right": From Parias to Crusade in the Chanson de Roland 2. The Politics of Courtly Love: La Prise d'Orange and the Conversion of the Saracen Queen Part II. Romances of Assimilation 3. "In the Beginning Was the Road": Floire et Blancheflor in the Medieval Mediterranean 4. Colonial Possessions: Wales and the Anglo-Norman Imaginary in the Lais of Marie de France Part III. Crisis and Change in the Thirteenth Century 5. Brave New Worlds: Robert de Clari's La Conquete de Constantinople 6. The Romance of MiscegeNation: Negotiating Identities in La Fille du comte de Pontieu 7. Uncivil Wars: Imagining Community in La Chanson de la Croisade Albigeoise Conclusion Notes Selected Bibliography Index


Abstract During the 1900s, until the end of the 1940s when the "expansion of education" began, the number of pupils in the Swedish gymnasiums** increased slowly 1 . However, in the short-run the enrollment varied considerably. From a low level during the school year 1929/30, the number of beginners increased rapidly during flfSt half of the 1930s. The rise was very slow during the second half of the 1930s as well as during the 1940s unti1 1946/47. From 1947/48 onwards until 1961/62, the enrollment accelerated to decline subsequently, (diagram 1). The second half of the 1950s and the first years during the 60s constituted the most expansive period of the gymnasium expansion. The expansion did not cease in the beginning of the 1960s. It declined and partly underwent a qualitative change with regard to the syllabus. 2


The role of quality in an enterprise is no longer relegated to the shop floor. It is becoming increasingly important that quality be integrated with all functions internal and external to an enterprise. This broader perspective of quality must consider ..


In Monte Carlo criticality calculation (MCCC), each output quantity of interest is a series of tallies under autocorrelation. As a consequence from the functional central limit theorem, the stepwise interpolation of standardized tallies (SIST) converges in distribution to Brownian bridge (BB). Here, the standardization of tallies is a functional version of the statistic in the central limit theorem with the sample mean at each generation and the true mean replaced by the sample mean at the final generation. Fractional Brownian motion (FBM) is a family of stochastic processes including Brownian motion and assumes a unique value of the box-counting dimension (BCD) in fractal geometry. This work shows that the BCD of SIST is an effective diagnostic measure for the run length of MCCC. The sufficiency of the number of generations run can be judged by relating the BCD of FBM to that of BB. Numerical results are presented for the tallies of representative autocorrelation characteristics in a three-dimensional model of a pressurized water reactor and the effective multiplication factor (keff) tallies of the criticality problem by D. Mennerdahl.


(Z)‐9‐dodecenyl acetate (85%) and (Z)‐9‐dodecenol (15%) were identified from female gland extract of Lobesia bicinctana (Dup.) by capillary gas chromatography linked either to mass spectrometry or to electroantennography. Attractivity of this blend used at a dose of 1000 μg as bait for field trapping was inferior to the attractivity of (Z)‐9‐dodecenyl acetate applied alone at the same dose. This chemical can be used now to survey flights and populations of this pest in onion crops.


There is increasing interest in the investigation of so-called mechanical proteins. These are common in specialized tissues involved in contraction, cell adhesion, and detection of mechanical stimuli, such as skeletal and cardiac striated muscle, connective tissue, and various kinds of epithelia. The development of methods for manipulating single molecules, particularly atomic force microscopy (AFM), allowed the study of the mechanical properties of such proteins.1, 2 From the response of a protein molecule to an applied external force, it is now possible to determine characteristics such as stiffness and resilience, and, by means of protein engineering methods, it is becoming increasingly clear how these properties depend on the polypeptide architecture, and therefore, ultimately, on the protein sequence.3, 4 The understanding of protein energetics and folding kinetics is advancing due to an effective combination of experimental and computer-aided theoretical studies, but the rational engineering of protein thermodynamic stability and/or folding mechanisms is still a hard goal to achieve. Moreover, designing novel proteins or even specific properties remains indisputably difficult, despite a few remarkable successes,5, 6 essentially because a comprehensive and predictive theory of how a given sequence produces a unique structure is still lacking. In the case of mechanical proteins, the understanding of the relationship between sequence, structure, and mechanical properties is incomplete. To our knowledge there are only two examples of proteins which have been specifically and successfully engineered to improve their resistance to forced unfolding.7, 8 A recent effort used a recombination method, essentially swapping β strands, in an attempt to re-engineer the mechanical properties of two immunoglobulin (Ig) domains from human titin: I27, the paradigm for all protein forced unfolding studies, and a stronger homologue, I32.9 Although the engineered proteins had different mechanical strengths to the parent proteins, this methodology had two shortcomings: first, the resultant mechanical stability of the new proteins could not be predicted, and second, none of the engineered changes produced an I27 domain which was more resistant to forced unfolding than the parent protein. Herein we describe a different strategy to achieve this specific aim, namely, to produce a stronger form of I27.


To minimize hospitalization and morbidity for a patient with a solid tumor of a salivary gland, malignancy must be confirmed or excluded as soon as possible. This information cannot be obtained preoperatively by existing standard procedures. Minimal‐invasive approaches with adequate diagnostic analysis represent a promising precondition for optimized therapy.


Field experiments were conducted to determine the influence of time of emergence and density of single and multispecies populations of pigweed and barnyardgrass on soybean yield and competitive abilities of pigweed and barnyardgrass. Pigweed and barnyardgrass were established at selected densities within 12.5 cm on either side of the soybean row. Pigweed and barnyardgrass seeds were sown concurrently with soybean and at the cotyledon stage of soybean growth. Time and density of pigweed and barnyardgrass seedling emergence relative to soybean influenced the magnitude of soybean yield loss. Maximum soybean yield loss ranged from 32 to 99%, depending upon time of emergence relative to soybean. Pigweed was more competitive than barnyardgrass across all locations, years, and time of weed emergence. When pigweed was assigned a competitive index of 1 on a scale from 0 to 1, the competitive ability of barnyardgrass ranged from 0.075 to 0.40 of pigweed, depending upon location and time of emergence. This is the first multiple weed species study to include time of weed emergence relative to the crop. Competitive index values for multiple weed species must be calculated from field experiments in which weeds are grown with the crop under differing environmental conditions.


The carbon source plays a major role in the synthesis of exopolysaccharides (EPS), by microorganisms. The effect of various
hexose sugars (glucose, sucrose and lactose) on EPS production by selected bacterial cultures {Agrobacterium, Alcaligenes,
Pseudomonas and Xanthomonas) was studied. Among the three sugars used, sucrose (at 3% w/v level) was found to be the best
carbon source for Agrobacterium, Alcaligenes, Xanthomonas sp., whereas lactose was most favoured carbon source for Pseudomonas
sp. for EPS production, with an yield of 72.38, 92.39, 93.58 and 31.81 g EPS/100 g of sugar, respectively after 72 h of fermentation at
30°C. Highest viscosity of the EPS (880 centi Poise) was obtained with Xanthomonas sp.


Refinery propylene has alternative uses: as a feedstock to make motor fuel blending stock via alkylation or dimerization, or to go into liquefied petroleum gases or the petrochemical market. The Dimersol process of Institut Francais du Petrole offers operating flexibility in managing propylene and butylene streams from the fluid catalytic cracking unit. On the one hand, the process can produce isohexenes to give a motor fuel blending stock with exceptional front end octane quality, having 97 clear Research octane number and good volatility and vapor pressure control opportunities. On the other hand, economics might favor the option to make heptenes and/or octenes to give petrochemical intermediates.


In this paper a novel filtering scheme has been proposed for the removal of random valued impulsive noise from images. The scheme is based on a second order differential impulse detection mechanism followed by a recursive median filter. The salient feature of the impulse detector is that it utilizes an adaptive threshold derived from an artificial neural network. The neural network predicts the threshold using inputs from the noisy image characteristics and achieves generalization. It is observed from exhaustive computer simulation results that the proposed scheme out-performs the existing reported strategies in terms of noise rejection and detail preservation. In addition, as the proposed scheme uses a selective filter, the computation overhead is less in comparison to others.


Topic Detection and Tracking (TDT) research explores the development of algorithms to detect novel events and track their development over time for online reports. Development of these methods requires careful evaluation and analysis. Traditional reductive methods of evaluation only represent some of the available information of algorithm behaviour. We describe a visualisation tool for topic tracking which makes it easy to analysis and compare the temporal behaviour of tracking algorithms.


OBJECTIVE To detect the content of glucose in Compound Dansheng injection.METHODS The Compound Dansheng injection was diluted to 40%,and detected by polarimetry.RESULTS The average recovery was 100.5% and the RSD of between-daies was 0.78% .CONCLUSION This method was accurate,and can be used for the determination of glucose in Compound Dansheng injection.


As technology develops, new breakthroughs emerge which are considered more practical and make it easier for parties to settle business disputes out of court using Online Dispute Resolution. The Online Dispute Resolution method has not yet been regulated, meaning that there is a legal vacuum regarding the use of Online Dispute Resolution. This research is legal research. The approach used to answer this legal issue is the statute approach, which is an approach using legislation and regulations. Conceptual approach (conceptual approach) is used to examine and analyze the framework of thought, conceptual framework or theoretical basis of legal issues to be studied.
Based on the results of the analysis of legal materials, it is concluded that the use of Online Dispute Resolution can be carried out where the Article 4 paragraph (3) of ADR Act stipulates that as long as it has been agreed upon by the disputing parties, dispute resolution through arbitration can occur in the form of electronic documents. Then, according to Article 5 of the ITE Act, it states that electronic information and/or electronic documents and/or their printouts are legal evidence. Even so, Online Dispute Resolution has not been able to run optimally because there are no separate regulations, therefore special arrangements regarding Online Dispute Resolution are needed to ensure legal certainty.


A brief examination of the literature around the pedagogy of elearning suggests that content creation and learner interaction with content (or learning objects) are widely regarded as poor relations when compared to the creation of collaborative and discourseled learning. The chief reasons for these perceptions are the conflicting notions that much tutor generated content is simply the replication of existing print based materials and that development of sophisticated content is technologyled, therefore too complex and timeconsuming within a busy work schedule. As a result, content is widely perceived as neither of interest nor interesting; it is seen as merely assimilative, not involving the learner in any active sense. Using an online academic skills module as a case study, this paper will discuss our approach to developing online content that has proved engaging for learners. It will outline the challenges we have faced and lessons learned, drawing upon our experiences as a multiprofessional design team and as online module tutors. It will also describe the learner experience of modules containing our online content and early indications of its impact on learning obtained through detailed evaluation of a cohort of learners.


What are the consequences of globalization for international con flict in general and American power in particular? While there is an enormous and still burgeoning literature on globalization, the answer to this crucial ques tion remains unclear.1 But failure to account for the influence of globalization will make it increasingly difficult to understand changes in the balance of power, prospects for war, and strategic choices embraced by states. Switching from polo on horseback to water polo does not change the principals or their objectives, but the contest is still profoundly transformed by the change in set ting. Some players, for example, might have been much better riders than they are swimmers. This paper draws three principal conclusions: First, globalization, in aggre gate and on average tends to reduce the autonomy and capacity of states, al though in some ways states may find their powers enhanced. Second, because the processes of globalization affect various states (and their relative capaci ties) differentially, globalization affects the balance of power between states. In particular, as the biggest fish in a more open pond, the United States emerges as relatively more powerful than other states. However, and third, the United States, nevertheless, finds its own autonomy and capacity en croached upon by the processes of globalization, and will attract both more violent resistance and political opposition to its international ambitions. Discussions of globalization are too easily lost in a thicket of false contro versies, definitional squabbles, and hyperbolic rhetoric; thus some analytical


The present paper deals with temperature distributions at different water levels inside the solar vertical storage tank and collector efficiency are analyzed with respect to transient behavior of vertical storage tank. The hot water zone, thermo cline zone and cold zone constitute the thermal stratification zones in the vertical tank that were investigated as part of the study on the 100 liters capacity Solar water heating system with vertical storage tank for the climatic conditions of Hubli (latitude 15.3⁰ N). The parameters considered at various operating conditions include uniform hot water withdrawal and metered hot water withdrawal at specified time interval from storage tank. The experimental results indicted overall efficiency of 54 percent for the water withdrawal at a rate of 20 liters per hour and 60 percent for 30 liters per hour.


In the financial literature Efficient Market Hypothesis (EMH) has been one of the dominant topics. An implication of weak-form of efficiency/random walk is that the trading rules will not generate economic profits. The purpose of this study is to analyze results of application of trading range breakout (TRB) test on daily stock prices of Indian Markets, thus investigating its efficiency at the weak form level (Fama,1970). The results from the trading rule tests indicated that the technical trading rules do not yield statistically significant forecasting power. It means that forecasting of returns based on trading rules cannot be employed to earn abnormal returns.


Greek Cypriots expressed their desire to join Greece after 1945 and started to receive great support from Greece as of 1950. With the intention of the annexation of Cyprus, Greece brought the issue to the United Nations in October 1954. After failing to realize her aim, Greece started to support violence on the Island. Having been backed by mainland Greece, the Greek Cypriots began their violent activities against the British and Turks in 1955. Violence in Cyprus has been a priority news item in the Muş local press as well as in the Turkish national press. In this period, Muş local press undertook the task of making the Turkish Cypriots' voice heard and enlightening the people of Muş about Cyprus. Upon the pressures of the Turkish public, the UK's invitation to a meeting between Turkey and Greece on 30 June 1955 to discuss the Cyprus issue caused Turkey to abandon its policy of considering Cyprus as an internal matter of Britain since 1923. The Democratic Party Government started to follow an active policy between 1955-1959 in order to ensure that Turkish Cypriots live in peace on the Island. As a result of this, Turkey signed the Zurich and London Agreements and became a guarantor state on the island together with England and Greece. Even though the Republic of Cyprus was established in 1960, ignoring the Cyprus Constitution, the Greek Cypriots carried out bloody attacks against the Turks in 1963 and 1967. Thereupon, Turkey wanted to intervene by using its right to be a guarantor state, but had to be content with small interventions, especially because of the opposition of the USA. In this period, as in the whole Turkish press, the events of 1963 and 1967 were widely covered in the local press of Muş, and the USA's refusal to allow Turkey's intervention led to the questioning of the friendship of the USA. In this study, it is aimed to reveal how the newspapers published in Muş reflect the developments in Cyprus to the Muş public opinion and their attitudes towards the events. For this purpose, the copies of the local newspapers published in Muş between July 1, 1955 and December 15, 1967 were examined to find out how the developments in Cyprus were reflected to the headlines, articles and evaluations published in those newspapers to highlight the attitudes of Turkey, international organizations and allied states.


Speech recognition is the important problem in pattern recognition research field. In this paper, the combination of the Sparse Principle Component Analysis method and the kernel ridge regression method will be applied to the MFCC feature vectors of the speech dataset available from IC Design lab at Faculty of Electricals-Electronics Engineering, University of Technology, Ho Chi Minh City. Experiment results show that the combination of the Sparse Principle Component Analysis method and the kernel ridge regression method outperforms the current state of the art Hidden Markov Model method and the kernel ridge regression method alone in speech recognition problem in terms of sensitivity performance measure.


The influence of apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotypes on plasma lipid levels was determined in 414 Brazilian healthy children of mixed ethnicity, age 5 to 15 years (mean 8.9 ±2.9). The APOE*3 allele was the most frequent (77%), followed by APOE*4 (17%) and APOE*2 (6%). The pattern of lipid differences among genotypes was similar in both boys and girls. We did not detect an increase in cholesterol levels with the presence of the APOE*4 allele. Because a growing body of evidence suggests that the effect of *4 depends on its interaction with diet, the frequency of *4 might be more variable in children than in adults as well as among populations. Children carrying a *2 allele had lower total cholesterol (TC) and LDL-cholesterol levels (138.47 ±24.32 and 77.72 ±19.42, respectively) compared with *3/*3 children (158.33 ±25.28 and 97.05 ±21.82, respectively). Mean TC/HDLC ratio was also lower in children with the APOE*2 allele (3.27 ±0.66 versus 3.64 ±0.76). In this highly admixed population sample, the *2 anti-atherogenic lipid pattern is already detected in children.


Cancer identification system is proposed based on the features present in the kidney images. Different algorithms such as CLACHE (Contrast limited adaptive histogram equalization), GLCM (gray level Co-occurrence matrices) and SVM (support vector machine) algorithm are used for the identification of cancer. CLACHE algorithm is used for the enhancement of the image. GLCM algorithm is used to improve the overall accuracy of the system and to extract the textural features. SVM algorithm is used to classify the different grading levels to identify the cancer present in the image. Images that are acquired for the identification of cancer are noisy. Noise is removed by the ROI extraction. Then the images are enhanced using CLACHE algorithm. Once the images are enhanced, features are extracted using GLCM. 21 textural features are extracted. Out of the 21 features extracted two best features are selected. The two best features are compared with the trained features for the increase in the accuracy of the system. After that based on the features different grading levels are obtained for the identification of the cancer. Grade 1 indicates the presence of cancer in starting stage, grade 2 indicates the presence of cancer in the moderate stage, grade 3 indicates the presence of cancer in the mild stage, grade 4 indicates the presence of cancer in the severe stage. In this study, 2D textural features are extracted and using these extracted features cancer identification is done which improves the overall accuracy of the system.


The present invention relates to an ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus and method of operation. Method of operation of the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus according to an embodiment of the invention the first reference area in the step of receiving an ultrasonic signal for displaying an ultrasound image of the target object, the moving object of interest included in the target object, the ultrasound image step of setting, on the basis of the received ultrasound signal, and the step and the ultrasound images to obtain a first travel path information of the object of interest passing through the first reference area based on the first movement path information , and a step of displaying the first path of translation.


The biological activity of the natural somatostatin can be quantitatively and qualitatively altered by the substitution and/or the exclusion of some of its amino-acids. The most used synthetic analog, SMS 201-995, has a potent inhibiting effect on GH secretion, but is less effective on insulin and glucagon secretions. It is mainly used in Endocrinology for the treatment of acromegaly. It is also useful for inhibiting the inappropriate TSH secretion from a thyrotroph adenoma. The LH-RH agonists ast essentially by desensitizing the gonadotroph from the endogenous LH-RH. By sub-cutaneous, intra-muscular or nasal route, they allow to inhibit the gonadal functions in some hormone-dependent cancers and in true precocious puberty. More recently, they have been tested for the treatment of gonadotropic adenomas, where they may have sometimes a paradoxical effect. In combination with exogenous gonadotropins, they enhance the control of ovulation and are new valuable tools for IVF programs. Clinical studies with the LH-RH antagonists are just beginning. The long-acting bromocriptine affords a new alternative to the oral treatment of hyperprolactinaemia. Its suppressive effects lasts at least 35 days in normal subjects and 21 days in patients with macroprolactinomas.


In this research, the Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationships (QSAR) analysis of a set of previously synthesized 5-substitutedbenzamidoand 5-substitutedphenylacetamido-2-(psubstitutedbenzyl)benzoxazle derivatives, which were tested in vitro for their antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, was performed by using Hansch analysis method.


Epitaxial growth of Silicon-on-silicon (111) substrates is studied in the mixed-flow regime and the grown film characteristics are presented. At low SiCl4 concentrations highly non-uniform growth is observed. However, a nearly uniform growth rate is achieved at. more than 0.01 mole fraction of SiCl4. The stacking fault density is also reduced when operated in this region of the growth curve. Further, the amount of SiCl4 necessary for a given growth rate is less in the mixed flow mode.


Food provides the required nutrients for every human being. Good and healthy food provides the essential energy for proper growth and development of the human body. It will also help to maintain a proper immune system. Tasty food will treat the taste buds and good food is considered to be a joy forever. Biriyani is supposed to be the most delicious non vegetarian food item. It is the most sought after dish among the foodies. Though, the dish has its origin from the Mughals, it has been prepared and served across the world under different flavours. Although there are many restaurants serving Biriyani, Dindigul Thalapakatti brand has attained widespread popularity across the globe. The sixty four year old restaurant chain was started as a small outlet in Dindigul in Tamilnadu by Mr.Nagasamy Naidu under the name Anandha Vilas Biriyani Hotel. The founder used to wear a turban called "Thalapa" which became synonymous with his brand and cooking style by earning him a nick name "Thalappakatti Naidu" which eventually became the name of their brand. This paper attempts to reconnoiter the journey of Dindigul Thalalpakatti in spicing up with the changing times.


: A key element of microscopic traffic flow simulation is the so-called car-following model, describing the way in which a typical driver interacts with other vehicles on the road. This model is typically continuous and traffic micro-simulator updates its vehicle positions by a numerical integration scheme. While increasing the order of the scheme should lead to more accurate results, most micro-simulators employ the simplest Euler rule. In our contribution, inspired by [1], we will provide some additional details that have to be addressed when implementing higher-order numerical integration schemes for CFMs and we will show that the theoretical gain of higher-order methods is unfortunately masked out by the stochastic nature of real-world traffic flow.


This paper proposes new low-cost and area-efficient structures for parallel finite impulse response (FIR) filter. With new polyphase decomposition methods, all the subfilters in the proposed structures contain symmetric coefficients, then every subfilter only needs half the number of multipliers. The total number of multipliers is then reduced at the expense of additional adders. It is profitable to exchange multipliers with adders, since multipliers outweigh adders in terms of hardware cost. This design is implemented with TSMC 65nm technology. Synthesized result shows that the area of the proposed 2-parallel structure is reduced by 23%, the area of the proposed 3-parallel structure is reduced by 12%, when compared to the existing FFA structures.


Culik, M.P., Martins, D.S., Ventura, J.A., Peronti, A.L.B.G., Gullan, P.Y. & Kondo, T. Coccidae, Pseudococcidae, Ortheziidae, and Monophlebidae (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of Espirito Santo, Brazil. Biota Neotrop. Sep/Dez 2007 vol. 7, no. 3 http://www.biotaneotropica.org.br/v7n3/pt/abstract?article+bn00507032007. ISSN 1676-0603. New plant hosts are recorded for nine scale insect species recently collected in Espirito Santo, Brazil, and eleven scale insect species are recorded for the first time from the state: Ceroplastes floridensis Comstock, Coccus longulus (Douglas), Coccus viridis (Green), Eucalymnatus tesselatus (Signoret), Pseudokermes sp., Saissetia coffeae (Walker), Phenacoccus madeirensis Green, Pseudococcus jackbeardsleyi Gimpel & Miller, Pseudococcus longispinus (Targioni Tozzetti), Icerya purchasi Maskell, and Icerya genistae Hempel. This is also the first record of Co. longulus in Brazil. Information on the host plants and geographic distribution of the 26 species of scale insects of the families Coccidae, Pseudococcidae, Ortheziidae, and Monophlebidae, currently known from Espirito Santo is provided.


There is a widespread consensus in prior literature that innovative work behaviour is a crucial factor in enabling organisations to adapt to rapid changes, to gain a competitive advantage, and create a sustainable organisation. Despite its importance, knowledge about potential drivers of this behaviour is fragmented and inconsistent. As such, organisations may be restricted in their ability to innovate because they do not know how to induce the employees in a way that will encourage them to explore, generate, champion, and finally implement the ideas. Recently, human resource management (HRM) has been explored among potential drivers, considering it as primary means by which organisations can influence and shape the behaviours of employees. Despite the notion that HRM predicts innovative work behaviour, there is a lack in the literature of insights into the ways the organisations can stimulate behaviour by offering sustainability-focused HRM. Sustainable HRM refers to a new approach to people management with the focus on external business environment (openness), respect for the employee (respect), and balanced interests of employer and employee (continuity). Relying on the notion that organisations are gradually introducing sustainable HRM and trying to close the gap in the literature, the paper is designed to link a new approach to people management with innovative work behaviour. The aim of the paper is an initial assessment of whether sustainable HRM is a driver for innovative work behaviour. Disentangling four dimensions of innovative work behaviour makes it possible to determine whether sustainable HRM can stimulate different behaviour types linked to idea exploration, idea generation, idea championing, and idea implementation. The results of a preparatory survey of 306 employees working in Lithuanian companies showed that respect-oriented HRM and continuity-oriented HRM were positively related to innovative work behaviour and the appropriate dimensions (except for idea exploration in case of continuity-oriented HRM); meanwhile, there was no support for the relationship between openness-oriented HRM and innovative work behaviour. Overall, sustainable HRM was found to be a driver for enhancing innovative work behaviour and its dimensions.


Strong electrical fields (approximately 10/sup 5/ V/cm) were used to investigate the time dependence of the electrical conductivity current (I) induced in liquid cyclohexane by a pulse of high energy electrons. By measuring I under conditions in which the majority of the electrons generated by the ionizing radiation in the volume between the electrodes were removed on the electrodes the mobility of the positive charge carriers was calculated to be (3 +- 0.5) . 10/sup -3/ cm/sup 2//V . sec. This value, which appreciably exceeds the Stokes mobility, is associated with a relay mechanism of charge transfer involving resonance charge transfer reactions of cyclohexane positive ions or proton transfer reactions. The rate constant of such a reaction is 3 . 10/sup -11/ cm/sup 3//sec.


What is presently known on this subject? • Nurses work with patients and their relatives in palliative care units avoid using humor in their daily work and conversation. On the other hand, there are studies revealing the physiological, psychological and social benefits of humor on patients in palliative care. What does this article add to the existing knowledge? • There are uncertainties about how humor can be practiced in palliative care units. As explained in this review, diversifying daily life, which is perceived as serious when used positively, by using humor, may facilitate palliative care and increase their quality. What are the implications for practice? • Defining humor in palliative care includes information about how it can be used positively in application areas, and it is also thought to increase awareness on the subject. 174 Psikiyatri Hemşireliği Dergisi Journal of Psychiatric Nursing social and mental problems, to reduce / prevent the individual's suffering and to improve the quality of life of the patient and his family by evaluating and treating them.[4] Palliative care should be transferred to the practice of appropriate model approaches systematically as much as possible. Humor is one such approach. Considering the direct relationship between palliative care and death, the humor approach may not seem appropriate at first glance in nursing practices. Palliative care offered to individuals and their relatives who experience the terminal period bring the difficulty of coping with existential crises. It is important that patients and their relatives are supported in all treatment and care services that the individual methods they use to cope with their situation are respected. This includes humor too. In addition, there are studies revealing the physiological, psychological and social benefits of humor on patients in palliative care.[5,6] For example, Becker[7] emphasizes the positive effect that the use of humor in nursing interventions in palliative care relaxes the sick individuals and helps them to communicate with them better, especially as it facilitates speech in themes that are almost taboo to talk like "death". In this article, the role of humor in nursing interventions offered to patients in these areas and how it can be carried to practice are discussed. Definition of Humors Humor, defined as laughter,[8] is a style of expression that can look at reality from a different point of view, make you smile while questioning, make you think while making you smile, and draw attention to different points while making you think. [9] In another definition, it is described as the ability of a person to laugh at herself/himself and what happened, without taking the things completely negative in order to cope with the difficulties of daily life and the misfortunes that these difficulties bring.[10] Since the dawn of humanity, humor has been considered a part of communication and healthcare in every culture. This is supported by proverbs or idioms in cultures. For example, with us 'a laugh is worth a kilo of chops '; Laughter is the expression of health in Germans, while laughter is a good blood maker in Italians. In India, it is said that the best doctor lives inside the individual and laughs. In China, laughing for a minute extends an individual's life by an hour.[11] In Table 1, each of the theories about humor explains one aspect of humor. Each theory, related to cultural, philosophical, anthropological, biological, and instinct, is briefly summarized here. Functions and Effects of Humor in Palliative Care The possible effects of humor in palliative care services can be classified as social and psychological. Here, it is recommended to pay attention to the following points while being used in practice as an auxiliary factor that initiates communication. These are; • Communication with the patient should be clear. • The nurse should evaluate every aspect of the situation that humor will use. • The right time for humor should be chosen. • The patient's humor should be carefully evaluated. • Counter reactions should be appropriate. Sense of Humor is described as a kind of seeing the world with flexibility, fun and funny filter and interacting from this perspective.[12] There are situations where these perspectives are both positive and negative. The positive side of humor is preferred while moving to nursing practice. Dark humor can be used as a protective mechanism when used in highly stressful environments.[13] Martin et al.[14] mentions four styles of humor (Table 2). Bischofberger[15] lists the emotional and cognitive effects of humor as follows: • Humor helps to integrate health problems into life. • Humor is an expression of honesty. With the humorous Table 1. Theories of humor Theory Definition Developing the theory The superiority The individual makes humor about the misfortune, failure, and poor quality of others Platon theory to show that he is superior to others. It is an expression of a certain degree Ancient Greek of aggression. The theory contains a certain amount of sarcasm, cynicism, and irony. Inconsistency The inconsistency theory is based on the assumption that sudden inconsistencies Theory and oddities will entertain people and ultimately make people laugh. 18th Century Emmanuel Kant Game Theory The theory states that humor contains a fun element. it considers humor as a form Max Eastman, 1936 of interpersonal communication in which a spontaneous and well-thought moment is characterized. The Relaxation The theory of relaxation is based on the assumption that in situations such as anxiety, Sigmund Freud, 1905 Theory tension and anger discharged for any reason, people will be relieved as a result of the use of humor and that this relaxation will cause laughter. Social Theory This theory supports that humor has a socially interconnected component. Avnev Siv, 1984 This situation is noticed by enhancing the feeling of solidarity and harmony within a group. 175 Beyhan Bag, The use of humor in palliative care services / dx.doi.org/10.14744/phd.2021.54036 "you can trust me" message, personality and illness are more easily accepted. • Humor is part of the inner harmony of the individual. • Humor helps change perspective in the face of any chronic illness. • Humor can reduce negative stress. • Humor can distract by reducing inner restlessness. • Humor can help regain control in anxiety situations. Humor can affect our spiritual life and understanding of illness in a variety of ways. An effective sense of humor can be a supportive element and also a protective factor for difficult moments in life.[16] Understanding the humor approach, psychological and social function will increase the quality of nursing interventions in palliative care units. Social Function of Humor Humor in sociology is considered as a formative social-relationship. There are various tasks such as humor, holding the group together, approving or disapproving of behavior in the situation. Humor functions as a social unifier according to social theories. It strengthens the feelings of solidarity and harmony in the group. The use of humor is important in terms of the social functionality of humor, especially in groups working in services where issues such as dying, death and mourning are experienced intensely. Because individuals working in these fields find it difficult to find the methods they will use to deal with the pain and grief of others due to their daily exposure. If a space is created for humor in the teams working in the services where such issues are intense, psycho-hygiene will contribute to the success of the group. Robinson[17] finds that humor positively supports cohesion in the group by reducing the tension and stress at work in nurses. In this sense, humor has a preventive function against the development of a possible burnout syndrome. Müller[18] states in her study that nurses working in institutions where palliative care units are provided see humor as the second important factor in dealing with death. On the other hand, Aulber[19] states that tumor pain seen in palliative patients is generally associated with anxiety. The experienced pain is often interpreted by the patient's relatives as the progression of the disease. However, pain should be perceived as a phenomenon that has a social, psychological, cultural and spiritual dimension as well as a physical condition. Here, factors such as withdrawal, isolation, economic concerns, reactions of patients' relatives to pain, stigma and patient expectations are effective on the individual. The feature of humor to distract attention and initiate communication, and to ensure the continuation of contact with life in individuals facing death, the use of palliative care in planned nursing interventions will reveal its social functionality clearly supportive. In Conclusion, according to the palliative care approach, death is a part of life. Patient humor in palliative care can functionally bridge between death and life in a social context. The Psychological Function of Humor An approach or a sense of humor is often used in expressions as a personality trait. Nevo et al.[20] reported that humor includes motivational, cognitive, emotional, social and behavioral components. From a psychological point of view, humor encourages people to look from a different perspective by relieving tension in the environment and interpersonal contact by reducing timidity. According to Zimmer,[21] humor has a healing effect, initiating and reconciling communication in interpersonal relationships. Humor is a good resource to cope with stress in daily life, as it activates the resources in the individual. Also, humor can quickly find "resources and new perspectives."[22] Humor ist the importance of in coping with stress. For example, in palliative care, cancer patients see themselves as a burden for their relatives and feel guilty about it. However, the reason that led to this situa


: A hydrologic investigation to determine vertical and seasonal variation of atrazine, alachlor, cyanazine, and nitrate at one location and to relate the variation to ground-water movement in the Iowa River alluvium was conducted in Iowa County, Iowa, from March 1986 to December 1987. Water samples were collected at discrete intervals through the alluvial sequence from the soil zone to the base of the aquifer. Alachlor, atrazine, and cyanazine were detected most frequently in the soil zone but also were present in the upper part of the alluvial aquifer. Alachlor was detected sporadically, whereas, atrazine, cyanazine, and nitrate were present throughout the year. In the alluvial aquifer, the herbicides generally were not detected during 1986 and were present in detectable concentrations for only a short period of time in the upper 1.6 meters of the aquifer during 1987. Nitrate was present throughout the alluvium and was stratified in the alluvial aquifer. The largest nitrate concentrations were detected in the middle part of the aquifer. Nitrate concentrations were variable only in the upper 2 meters of the aquifer. Vertical movement of herbicides and nitrate in the soil correlated with precipitation and degree of saturation. A clay layer retarded vertical movement of atrazine but not nitrate from the soil layer to the aquifer. Vertical movement could not account for the chemical variation in the alluvial aquifer.


1572 Background: The role of genetic factors in the development of cancer is widely accepted. ABO blood type is an inherited characteristic and previous studies have observed an association between ABO blood group and risk of certain malignancies, including pancreatic and gastric cancer. The data on the role of ABO blood group and Rh factor in breast cancer is inconclusive. Methods: All patients who had breast cancer (BC) and treated between 2000-2010 at the Departments of Medical Oncology of both Ankara and Hacettepe Universities (Ankara, Turkey) with defined ABO blood type and Rh factor were included in our retrospective reviews of tumor registry records. A group of volunteer healthy women donors of Turkish Red Crescent between 2004-2011 were identified as a control group, without any matching factors. The relationship of ABO blood types and Rh factor with various prognostic factors such as age at diagnosis, menopausal status, family history of breast cancer, and ER/PR/HER2 status were evaluated from 17...


High‐affinity receptors expressed on the surface of some tumors can be exploited by chemically conjugating the ligand for the receptor and an antibody against immune effector cells, thus redirecting their cytolytic potential against the tumor. Ovarian carcinomas and some brain tumors express the high‐affinity folate receptor (FR). In this report, a transgenic mouse model that generates endogenously arising choroid plexus tumors was used to show that folate/anti‐ T‐cell receptor antibody conjugates can direct infiltration of T cells into solid brain tumor masses. An engineered single‐chain Fv form of the anti‐T‐cell receptor antibody KJ16 was conjugated with folate, to produce a bispecific agent that was substantially smaller than most previously characterized bispecific antibodies. Folate conjugation to the antibody increased T‐cell infiltration into the tumors by 10‐ to 20‐fold, and significantly prolonged survival of the mice. Int. J. Cancer 76:761–766, 1998.© 1998 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


Polyurethane foam disk passive air sampling was performed to investigate the levels and spatial distributions of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in the atmosphere of a typical city (Tangshan) in China where unparalleled amounts of OCPs including dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) and hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) were used for sanitary purposes following the 1976 Tangshan Earthquake. This study aimed to investigate the long-term influence of historical intensive usage of OCPs during the earthquake on the current ambient air levels. Sampling was performed at seven sites in Tangshan between July and October 2010. The levels of Sigma DDTs and Sigma HCHs were relatively high, with concentrations ranging from 79-254 pg/m(3) and 117-176 pg/m(3), respectively. The concentration of hexachlorobenzene (HCB) was 69-89 pg/m(3). Technical DDTs and HCHs were sprayed for preventing epidemics mainly in the southern region of Tangshan in 1976. In this study, high levels of DDTs and HCHs were found in the southern region, and levels decreased considerably to the north. Unlike DDTs and HCHs, the levels of HCB are very similar for the different sampling sites. This suggests that intensive usage of DDTs and HCHs following the earthquake had a significant effect on the levels of OCPs. Correlations identified between the enantiomers of the OCPs indicated that p,p'-DDTs and HCHs shared the same source, and that o,p'-DDT and HCB may come from similar sources. The signatures of OCPs suggested that the technical DDTs and HCHs used following the earthquake still contribute to their current levels in the atmosphere of Tangshan city.


Iris recognition can be widely used in security and customs, and it provides superiority security than other human feature recognition such as fingerprint, face and so on. The iris image quality is crucial to recognition effect. Accordingly reliable image quality assessments are necessary for evaluating iris image quality. However, there haven't uniformly criterion to Image quality assessment. Image quality assessment have Objective and Subjective Evaluation methods, In practice, However Subjective Evaluation method is fussy and doesn't effective on iris recognition. Objective Evaluation method should be used in iris recognition. According to human visual system model (HVS) Multi-scale and selectivity characteristic, it presents a new iris Image quality assessment method. In the paper, ROI is found and wavelet transform zero-crossing is used to find Multi-scale edge, and Multi-scale fusion measure is used to assess iris image quality. In experiment, Objective and Subjective Evaluation methods are used to assess iris images. From the results, the method is effectively to iris image quality assessment.


This paper discusses some new viewpoints of signal and noise performances of mm-wave FETs. The effect of reactive (capacitive and inductive) electrode loading and the influence of the slicing procedure in sliced modeling of mm-wave FETs have been studied. The proposed model takes into account not only the active coupling elements but also the capacitive and inductive coupling elements of the device. The results show that a proper sliced model with a suitable electrode loading may improve the device signal and noise performances.


Abstract This paper work tries to spatialize the effects of the anthropic activity on the environment, as the human society continuous development requires space, food, energy and resources and that has a significant impact. Trying to evidentiate this kind of pressure over the environment by cartographic materials, that combines all effects is an impossible endeavor, but highlighting affected areas in an irreversible manner by an increased degree of artificiality is a necessity for the future environmental policy, so, starting from this point we were able to apply a methodology on the studied area and we obtained a seth of conclusing results.


IN A REVIEW OF THE FIRST PRODUCTION of Jean Cocteau's Les Parents terribles in 1938, Paul Léautaud wrote that the first act was " du pur Dumas fils," and that the third was " à ce point du mélo drame qu'on est gêné pour l'auteur qu'il soit tombé dans ce genre." 1 But, if this was indeed the case, if Cocteau had indeed let himself slide, rather ignominiously, into an embrace of the popular genres, how are we to explain the extraordinary hostility that Les Parents terribles provoked on the extreme right, most notably from Alain Laubreaux, the theater critic of Je Suis Partout ? And how are we to account for the fact that when the play was revived during the Occupation these attacks became so vocifer ous and so violent that the play was forced from the stage and banned by the Nazis? How is it, in other words, that a play described by some as nothing more than pure Dumas fils should cause such an outcry from the right? The play opened at the Ambassadeurs in November 1938 to the start of a very successful run. At one point, since the theater belonged to the city of Paris, Cocteau proposed to the Conseil Municipal that a free per formance be given to high school students. This offer, however, led quickly to accusations that the play, because of its " immoral" subject matter, would corrupt Parisian youth. And so not only was the offer re jected, but the production itself was forced to move to another (private) theater, where it continued to play to packed houses.2 In October 1941 the play was revived at the Théâtre du Gymnase. This time the attacks began immediately and performances were interrupted by hecklers. The theater was temporarily closed by order of the French authorities, but was soon allowed to reopen. The attacks resumed with redoubled vio lence: members of the Parti Populaire Français threw tear gas at the actors and ran onto the stage shouting derogatory comments about both Cocteau and his work. In the end, the play was definitively closed by the Germans. Is this, we must ask again, the kind of reception one would expect for a melodrama? The play opens in the apartment of Georges and Yvonne (no last names are indicated), who live there together with their son, Michel (Mik), and Yvonne's unmarried sister, Léonie. The rooms are


: Hydraulic rock drills operate under harsh environments of excessive humidity and vibrations. In operation, the fundamental machine frequency is hampered by various loading disturbances created by the pressure waves generated during the rock drill application, which initiates faults at different times during a complete cycle of rock drilling. These faults include failure of internal parts, excessive channel openings and damaged parts, causing enough non-linearity in the pressure data generated. A fault in such machinery can multiply quite rapidly, leading to accidents like complete failure of the equipment and loss of life. Therefore, it is crucial to classify the fault and inform the operator of it. The fault classification challenge escalates further when the rock drill operates on previously unknown operating conditions. In the present work, we compare the performance of deep learning models like Long short-term memory, Convolutional Neural Network, and Residual Network to classify faults, whose signature is recorded in data generated at a frequency of 50kHz when a rock drill is in operation. We also demonstrate how the accuracy of models vary when the models are tested on unseen operating conditions. An overall analysis is provided to generalize a model for fault classification in industrial applications over contrasting operating conditions.


The purpose of this paper is to study the Tikhonov regularization method for solving general nonlinear complementarity problem with approximative data. The stability, convergence and convergence rates of the regularized solutions are considered.


(57) Abstract: The present invention, at least one wall (4) by at least the first chamber (2) and the second chamber (3) rigid casing is divided internal to the (1), secured to the wall first chamber through the (2), and a second chamber (3) and casing tubular gaiter (5) which serves to communicate with the outside in a sealed manner of (1) having a first end portion (51) which is It relates to a vacuum-type booster encompasses. Gaiter is fixed to the wall by a resilient retaining member is placed in position within the gaiters (6).


Pleuropulmonary blastoma (PPB) is a rare primitive intrathoracic malignant neoplasm that occurs almost exclusively in children and adolescents. PPB is classified into three types according to the presence of cystic and solid areas. We report a case of PPB with an intraocular metastasis diagnosed by fine needle aspiration (FNA): 3‐year‐old female was treated for type II PPB by neoadjuvant chemotherapy and surgery. Four years later, she presented with an intraocular lesion. To differentiate between metastasis or other malignancy, a transcleral FNA was performed and showed two cellular populations represented by roundish malignant cells and spindle‐shaped cells. The patient was treated with chemotherapy and diode laser ablation. A year later, the patient had enucleation and rare residual cells were found on the histological specimen. Patient remains disease‐free 66 months after the last surgical treatment. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2017;45:156–160. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.


Interleukin (IL‐)17A, plays a role in pathogenic defence, but is implicated in chronic inflammatory diseases, and has recently been associated with variable pregnancy outcomes. We investigated the role of maternal IL‐17‐[G197A]‐specific effects of third‐trimester IL‐17 mRNA expression, NOx exposure levels and other variables on gestational age, in the Mother and Child in the Environment (MACE) birth cohort in South Africa. A total of 327 participants were genotyped for IL‐17‐[G197A] by polymerase chain reaction restriction‐fragment length polymorphism (PCR‐RFLP). Quantitative real‐time PCR was used to quantitate IL‐17‐mRNA expression in whole blood. Multivariate linear regression analysis, stratified by IL‐17‐[G197A] genotype, was used to test for effects of NOx, IL17A/GAPDH, haemoglobin, body mass index, HIV‐1 positivity, maternal education and income level on gestational age. Lower expression was associated with the IL‐17‐GG versus GA in the cohort and HIV‐1‐negative group (p = .0007, p = .0058), while no difference was observed in the HIV‐1 positives. Elevated IL‐17A expression was observed in the high NOx exposure groups, within IL‐17[G197G] (p = .0004). IL‐17[G197G] was associated with PTB (p < .0001), and the PTB group had lower IL‐17A expression compared to the full‐term group (p = .0002). IL‐17 expression was associated with an increase in gestational age (p = .038), and NOx was associated with a decrease in gestational age in the IL‐17[G197G] model (p = .046).


This paper is concerned with the robust stabilization of multiple time-varying delays system with norm bounded nonlinear perturbations. By constructing an appropriate Lyapunov functional, dealing with the cross terms in the functional derivative by using the Jensen inequality, and utilizing the linear matrix inequality technique and Schur complement lemma, we obtain the system stabilization delay-dependent sufficient condition and a memory state feedback controller design method. Finally, a numerical example is proposed, which shows the stabilization condition is less conservative and the effectiveness of the memory state feedback controller.


Tendering obstructs innovations in public transport. This paper indicates solutions in terms of various forms of (possible) cooperation between decentral governments (local/regional) and private parties in the Netherlands. For the covering abstract of the conference see ITRD E206647.


·Showcases the huge archive of Turkey red patterns and samples ·In both the scope and detail of the new research and in the focus on textile manufacturer's pattern books, the project, of which this is the book, was a unique undertaking ·Will be of interest to textile and fashion historians and craft workers such as quilters Colouring the Nation is a collaborative project between National Museums Scotland and the School of History, Classics and Archaeology, University of Edinburgh. By looking at decorative textiles manufacturing, its aim was to show that Scotland once played a key role in the production of fashionable fabrics in an industry employing thousands of workers. Turkey red was a complex dyeing process that produced a fast and washable shade of red that was overprinted with exotic patterns and sold internationally, from North America and the West Indies, to India and China. The fabrics were made for clothing, such as saris, shawls, and bandanas, and for furnishing. When synthetic dyes replaced the madder-based Turkey red, the industry in Scotland collapsed. An archive of 200 pattern books and approximately 40,000 textile samples was acquired in 1960 by National Museums Scotland. This book tells the history of the industry, with examples of these gorgeous fabrics.


This report was mainly written during the fall 2002 as an introduction for the CHARMEC project Damage in track witches MU14. The purpose of this report is to lift forward some issues related to the simulation of the mechanical behavior of railway turnout components.


Resins from B. simaruba, B. glabra and B. inversa and essentials oils from B. simaruba fruits collected in Merida (Venezuela) were analyzed by GC-MS. The analysis of resins allowed the identification of 18, 7 and 10 compounds in B. simaruba, B. glabra and B. inversa, respectively. The resins of B. simaruba and B. glabra are dominated by monoterpenes while sesquiterpenes are the predominant components in B. inversa. The major component in the six B. simaruba samples analyzed was α-pinene (52-66 %); three of these samples have α-phellandrene (24-31 %) as other major compound, whereas germacrene D (11-18 %) is a major component of the other three samples. B. glabra is composed principally by limonene (77.6%) and cis-ocimene (7.93 %) whereas B. inversa contains α-humulene (27.7 %), β-caryophyllene (22.1 %) and germacrene B (16.3 %) as major components. On the other hand, 13 and 4 components were identified in endocarps and mesocarps of B. simaruba fruits. Endocarps are dominated by methyl esters of fatty acids (methyl oleate, methyl palmitate and methyl linoleate). Mesocarps are constituted by monoterpenes, the major components are sabinene (59.2 %) and terpinen-4-ol (12.3 %).


In order to meet the requirement of fast starting to work for wireless sensor network system in deep duty cycle running mode, a crystal oscillator with fast starting characteristics is expected. In this paper, the crystal oscillator theory is reviewed, and the key factor that limits starting speed of conventional crystal oscillator is revealed. A new way to overcome slowly starting is proposed, and 10 times faster performance is achieved in a practice chip design.


Academic advising is a time-consuming effort in educational institutions. Advising and consulting students are critical, which can cause latency and additional overhead for both the instructor and student. This paper proposes an effective and secured online framework to enrich the advising experience between the instructor and student and enhance time management. It provides two main services: reserved time slots for each student and common discussion between students and instructors. Reserving a time slot means that the student can communicate with the advisor anywhere. It can start an embedded web-based virtual machine to interact with the instructor in real time. The second service is to share a general post with all students and instructors to come up with a generic solution. Security plays a dominant role in the framework. It uses a strong authentication mechanism and encrypts the entire traffic to keep the data confidential.


Despite the South Korean government's recent policy interventions to accommodate the emerging social and classroom reality that has increasingly become multicultural, few guidelines have been provided for multicultural education practice at the local and municipal levels in South Korea (Henceforth, Korea). In particular, investigations focusing on newcomer adolescents' linguistic and cultural identities are scarce. In this light, this doctoral inquiry investigates how multicultural students, their languages and cultures are reflected in Korean society and schools and especially, how newcomer adolescents' linguistic and cultural identities are negotiated in terms of their own success in Korea. 8 multicultural education policies and 27 news media publications as well as the narratives of 7 students and 6 educators from two high schools are analyzed through Fairclough's (1992, 2003) critical discourse analysis. Based on the analysis, the discourses of diversity embedded in the nation-state texts and popular media as well as in the institutional contexts are discussed in relation to five orientations to diversity,


Zeugma, an important rhetoric case is introduced here. Based on the analysis of model sentences, this paper intends to demonstrate the main forms of Zeugma and their most striking features, explore its rhetorical effect in literary works, and make clear the differences between Zeugma and some other rhetorical devices.


investigators have shown that blocking a specific receptor pathway could slow or even prevent diabetic nephropathy - an often fatal complication of diabetes for which there are few good treatment options.


This study aimed to construct a novel ideological and political education management system by combining traditional ideological and political education management method with Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (HACCP) based food authentication system in food industry. The current food industry is threatened by growing crisis, thus it is necessary to strengthen ideological and political education management to routinize and complete traditional ideological and political education management. The study stated the problem of moral deficiency existing in food industry, emphasized the necessity of moral construction and explained the correlation in the view of similarities of moral construction in food industry and ideological and political education. Moreover, a feasible novel HACCP ideological and political management system was formulated based on empirical analysis, in order to improve applicability and manageability and effectively enhance ideological and moral level of students and teachers in colleges and universities and staffs engaging in food industry.


The goal of the present study was to investigate if vowel formant discrimination could be accounted for by intensity discrimination and frequency discrimination as well as by frequency selectivity. Intensity discrimination and frequency discrimination were measured for tonal signals at 250, 500, 1000, and 2000 Hz presented at 70‐dB SPL for 21 young normal‐hearing listeners with American English as their native language. Auditory filter was measured using notched noise method at the four frequencies above. In addition, thresholds of vowel formant discrimination were examined for F1 and F2 of three English vowels for the same group of listeners. Overall, thresholds of vowel formant discrimination had significantly modest correlation with intensity discrimination, but no significant correlations with frequency discrimination and frequency selectivity. These results indicate that vowel formant discrimination may be associated with intensity discrimination of harmonics in speech sounds, but not determined by f...


1COMPOSITION INCLUDING: aA Polymerizable Resin ORGANIC CATIONIC SO; B.1 35 WEIGHT OF THE COMPOSITION OF A MIXTURE OF: I.A diaryliodonium salt of formula: (CF DRAWING IN BOPI) OR R in formula RADICAL ORGANIC AROMATIC ORGANIC MONOVALENT R RADICAL divalent aromatic, Y is a non-nucleophilic ION SUPPLEMENTARY TO A WHOLE NUMBER OR EQUAL TO 0 2 B AND A WHOLE NUMBER OR EQUAL TO 0 1 AND A II.0,5PARTIE 10PARTIES BY PART I OF COPPER AND SALT CHARACTERIZED IN THAT IT INCLUDES III.0,5 10 PARTS PER PART I OF AN ELEMENT SELECTED AMONG SALT SN-HYDROXY COMPOUND ON OR A MIXTURE THEREOF. APPLICATION FOAM MANUFACTURING.


This paper includes a control strategy for the fault-ride-through performance of wind turbines connected to the grid by means of fully rated converter. The proposed control strategy does not require the use of PLLs or FLLs for grid connection. The effects of the proposed control strategy on the low speed shaft and the gearbox has been studied on the NREL 5 MW reference wind turbine, modeled with the NREL FAST code. The generator, power electronics and electric grid, together with their controls have been simulated in PSCAD. The proposed controller has shown good fault ride-through performance to unbalanced faults with reduced impact on the wind turbine gearbox and low speed shaft.


Amazonian indigenous people grow manioc in landscapes of different agricultural potential, yet studies on indigenous manioc production on fertile soils are scarce. Non-indigenous communities grow specific manioc landraces on fertile Amazonian Dark Earths (ADE), but it is unknown whether indigenous farmers also do so. During 2 years, we studied manioc cultivation by five indigenous groups on different Amazonian soils using quantitative and qualitative methods. We found that environmental conditions, including soil quality, are less important in determining manioc diversity and agricultural strategies than socioeconomic and socio-cultural factors such as labor availability, labor organization, and culinary preferences.


Among surgeons operating for strabismus no agreement has yet been reached concerning certain questions which are of importance in the choice of operation. Almost every operator has, for reasons which seem good to him, fixed his preference on two or at most three operations. He has obtained a fair average of results with these and, in considering the factors involved, tends to accept a theory which favors the operation of his choice. Reminiscent of the former battles between the advocates of tenotomy and those of advancement is the more recent argument between the late Dr. Jameson and Dr. O'Connor on the virtues of recession versus those of cinch shortening with central tenotomy. Worth, Landolt and their followers insist on the value of advancement with the idea that the insertion of the muscle is placed nearer the cornea, while van der Hoeve, Lancaster and others are firmly convinced that the muscle


Traditionally, unionism recognized a sphere of activities and re? sponsibilities outside of its particular range and responsibilities, a sphere called Management. Let us reflect a moment why this was so. 1. Traditional unionism operates "on the basis of the existing order". This existing order is (or shall we say, was?) private property in the means of production and free enter? prise exercised by an entrepreneurial class. The unions operat? ing on the basis of the existing order, recognized management's right to manage in the interests of the firm and its owners. 2. The unions are ? as seen from the enterprise ? out? side institutions. They are, moreover, interplant institutions. The inside affairs of the plant are none of their business ex? cept as they concern direct workers' interests; that is, wages, hours, and conditions of labor. Functioning management was presupposed; therefore, there could be no union interference with it. The union interest centers around improvement of labor conditions to be gained out of managerial efficiency. The risk of the enterprise, the union was neither prepared nor willing to accept. Unionism, as an outside and interplant affair, had no claim to raise with regard to cost calculation, sales policies, production techniques, and the like ? all this was management's domain; data for the union, not objects of dispute. 3. Efficient unions depend ? as the unions know very well ? on the efficiency of management. Unions could not exist, let alone prosper, in the spheres of submarginality or even margin ality. The chances of efficient unionism are lying in the range of intramarginality; hence the fact that unions follow the better wages and the shorter hours: and these are to be found in the range of intramarginal firms and industries. Wherever firms or branches of industry lose their intramarginal status


The development of rural basic education depends greatly on national educational policy.The change of the policy of rural basic education by central government since reform and opening up is the party's effort to adjust the rural basic education to changing environment and it has made some achievements.However,there are still such problems as lack of policy and "vacuum" of management.Therefore,it is necessary to observe the rural basic education and make a prospective thinking of it.


In the paper, we consider a linear programming problem with con-straint matrices whose rows are 0, 1 characteristics vectors of fundamental cuts in a given undirected graph G = (V, E). We prove that the simplex algorithm finds an optimal solution in at most m-n+1 (m = |E|, n = |V|) iterations. We also consider the question whether a given binary matrix is a 0, 1 characteristic vector of fundamental cuts in the graph G.


In both byliny and literary poetry texts are organized such that each succeeding line adds something new to the exposition, which proceeds without interruption from the beginning to the end (ABCDE…). In literary verse the division of a poetic text into stanzas does not alter this principle. Folk songs, in which stanzas are formed by the regular repetition of lines or by the regular inclusion of a refrain, traditionally differ, because these features do not supplement the information being conveyed in the text. Such repetitions are explained by the melody of a song, which is more developed and longer than the accompanying verbal material. This demonstrates the non-linguistic nature of stanza forms, which were in their formation long ago connected with choreography and the music created by it. Just as a stanza in poetry represents a group of lines, so the melody of a song is an articulation of several musical sections, which may be related to each other by similarity (АА), contrast (АВ), or a combination of both (such as АВАВ or ААВВ). The end of a song's stanza is perceived together with the end of the melody and the following stanza is perceived from the outset as a repetition of this melody. However, the melody alone, without the text, does not permit a more detailed judgement about the internal structure of the stanza in a given song. Thus Rudneva [1994] demonstrated that several kinds of poetic stanza can be sung to a melody with the same sequence of musical sections; the reverse correlation seldom occurs. On the contrary, the text of a well recorded song permits the stanza structures to be classified with maximum accuracy. In reality, the number of lines in a stanza simultaneously represents the number of musical sections in its melody. In this case, the line represents a single rhythmic principle which determines both the melody and the words of a given song; over and above this, it also contains a specific verbal pattern for combining poetic lines into stanzas. As a measure of the overall musical-poetic rhythm, the line is more accessible and intelligible than the melody. It is no accident that stanza forms are classified by line in literary as well as in musicological studies. Although some argue for song stanza forms to be studied as a coordination of word and melody, and although musicologists have accumulated some experience


Wang-Bai,a confucian of Song Dynasty,is one of the representatives that have ever been argued in the academic history.The focus of the dispute is that Wang-Bai modified the Classics of Confucianism courageously,such as Shi Jing and Shang Shu.Mao Qi-ling,a Confucian of Qing Dynasty,believed that Wang Bai once changed Da Xue,and listed that Lu Zhai Changed Text after Zhu-Xi's.Has Wang Bai really modified DaXue? This paper argues that the point of view "Wang Bai changed DaXue" is unbelievable.


In this paper, method which using alkali to reticulate polyurethane foam was studied and got the sample of reticulated PU foam. After research, the formula and the parameter was determined. Also the factors which influence the properties of the reticulated foam were analysised.


The aneurysmal disease, although more rarely, can also affect arterial districts other than those traditionally involved the evolution aneurysm. After the vessels of large caliber also the visceral arteries originating from abdominal aorta may be the site of aneurysmal dilatation or pseudoaneurysm. The involvement of the renal and splanchnic vessels, although rare with an incidence from 0.1 to 2%, it can also cause catastrophic outcomes. The data reported in the literature are the case reports with limited evidence-based medicine. Autopsy studies suggest that there may be more frequent than in aortic: 10% versus 0.5%. The prevalence is 2% of the population. The age at which most frequently occurs detection of a visceral aneurysm, varies between 60 and 70 years. The vessels involved are those that emerge from abdominal aorta and go respectively to spray the kidneys (renal artery), spleen (splenic artery), liver (hepatic artery), stomach, duodenum, pancreas and intestine (celiac superior mesenteric artery, pancreatic-duodenal artery, gastroduodenal artery and gastro-epiploic arteries jejunal and ileo-colic, inferior mesenteric artery and its branches). As can be seen from the data in the literature, the incidence of aneurysms is as follows: renal artery aneurysm: 1-3%, splenic artery aneurysms: 60%; Hepatic artery: 16-20%; the superior mesenteric artery: 5.5%; of the celiac trunk: 4%; pancreatic-duodenal artery: 3%; gastroduodenal artery and gastroepiploic: 4%; of the jejunum and ileum-colic arteries: 3%; inferior mesenteric artery and its branches: 3.5%. In a third of cases of aneurysm of the splenic artery is an association between multiple arterial districts, appearing in multiple form. The evolution of the aneurysm is similar to that of the artery aneurysms of medium and large caliber and is characterized by progressive expansion and by the formation of thrombi, contributing to the three major complications: rupture, events thrombo-embolic ischemic, and compression or erosion of the neighboring structures. The rupture is the most frequent and letal complication.


Generation Y represents a growing number of student-teachers who will impact the future of educational practice, yet little research has been conducted for this demographic group. The purpose of this mixed-method study was to identify motivational factors of neophyte teachers and the retention implications these findings had on Kindergarten through 12th grade (K-12) leaders. Quantitative data were collected via a survey from 50 Generation Y, K-12, student-teachers from a private, accredited university in Ohio, and from 32 K-12 educational leaders. Quantitative data were analyzed using independent t tests and results showed statistically significant differences in 11 of the 15 motivational factors. Qualitative data were collected from eight administrators using the focus group interview model and analyzed for themes and patterns. Areas of high motivation for studentteachers, as noted in the qualitative findings, included student-centered working responsibilities, gains in student achievement, higher levels of responsibility and trust, career growth potential, and positive relationships with supervisors. Recommendations include the need for professional development training for K-12 administrators to meet identified needs of Generation Y teachers.


This study evaluates the performance of the Taiwan Earth System Model version 1 (TaiESM1) in simulating the observed climate variability in the historical simulation of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Phase 6 (CMIP6). TaiESM1 is developed on the basis of the Community Earth System Model version 1.2.2, with the inclusion of several new physical schemes and improvements in the atmosphere model. The new additions include an improved triggering function in the cumulus convection scheme, a revised distribution‐based formula in the cloud fraction scheme, a new aerosol scheme, and a unique scheme for three‐dimensional surface absorption of shortwave radiation that accounts for the influence of complex terrains. In contrast to the majority of model evaluation processes, which focus mainly on the climatological mean, this evaluation focuses on climate variability parameters, including the diurnal rainfall cycle, precipitation extremes, synoptic eddy activity, intraseasonal fluctuation, monsoon evolution, and interannual and multidecadal atmospheric and oceanic teleconnection patterns. A series of intercomparisons between the simulations of TaiESM1 and CMIP6 models and observations indicate that TaiESM1, a participating model in CMIP6, can realistically simulate the observed climate variability at various time scales and are among the leading CMIP6 models in terms of many key climate features.