The Book of Rude and Other Outrages by Stephen Sure is a mixture in roughly equal parts of short fiction, poetry, and one-line witticisms collected and conceived by the author, drawing from the New Orleans gay community in which he lived much of his adult life. Unpublished during Sure's abbreviated lifetime, it has been posthumously edited and published by his father, Charles Suhor—himself an accomplished author and musician. It proves to be less an expose of one man's secrets, as it does a hall of mirrors, inhabited by the oddball characters which passed through Stephen Sure's tragically curtailed life. In fact, Sure's writing draws as much material from the weaknesses of those he knew, loved, and hated, as it does his own. We are left to find the "real" Stephen Sure indirectly, in his ruminations over the world he inhabited, by taking note of what most fascinated him. Sure, born John Gregory Suhor, made a living as a housecleaner and died at the age of thirty-nine by a bullet to the chest while visiting an unstable, alcoholic friend under circumstances which remain unknown. For father Charles Suhor, this violent end represented the culmination of the worst fears he and his large family (Stephen was the second of eleven siblings) had culminated over the course of Stephen's life. As Suhor explains in a brief epilogue, Sure had been a brilliant but mercurial child, and his adolescence grew even more troubled as he became aware of his homosexuality. Although his Catholic upbringing seems to have been quite liberal by most standards, the 1970s were by no means a tolerant decade for a precocious, effeminate youth attending a public high school. Suhor reports that his son acted out his frustrations with behavior that was "disturbing, bordering on terrifying," resulting in drug use and occasional violent outbursts. Unaccepted by his peers, and unchallenged academically, young John Gregory entered adulthood harboring ambitions for writing and theater he was both too prideful and too vulnerable to develop via the necessary collaborative paths. He chose, instead, a kind of gregarious independence, protecting himself with a barbed emotional wall as he moved through numerous relationships, some of them abusive, and other financial and emotional entanglements. He continued to write, quite extensively, but he rarely shared his work and never published it. This collection then is not just an attempt to bring the work of an unappreciated writer to the public; it represents a father's attempt to finally come know his son's "passionate and tormented spirit." There are three distinct genres of writing in The Book of Rude: poetry, short fiction, and "Rude," which is the term Sure gave to the collected aphorisms, one-liners, comebacks, insults, and barbs that he either invented or overheard during his years in New Orleans. Suhor has given these three disparate types of writing a thoughtful, well-balanced presentation by sequencing them as Rude 1, Poems, Rude 2, Fiction, Rude 3; a symmetrical structure somewhat reminiscent, appropriately enough, of Dante's multifaceted confessional Vita Nuova. At first, reading the fragments of "Rude" promises to be a difficult undertaking. One is literally reading pages upon pages of isolated phrases. But what surprises and delights is how well these passages flow, and how they add up to a coherent and palpable evocation of Sure's community. Within a few pages, one may effortlessly glide through such sequences, as in Rude 1, "he has both his original eyes...she laughed, her breasts laughed with her...candy-canes melt in his presence" or "sincerity novice...counterfeit cool...peripheral honesty." Some of the most hilarious material is also the most confrontational, such as "the lyrics are too intelligent for you to lip sync to," or "if I were you—hold it—I'm not ready to face that thought yet," and, my personal favorite, "you'd make a great stranger."


In order to standardize the testing method for coke strength after reaction (CSR) which is used widely for evaluation of coke quality at high temperatures, studies have been carried out on a few points involved in the method. The findings are outlined as follows:1) Sample temperature greatly affects CSR values. Temperature control at three points (at the center of a sample, and at top and bottom of the oven-wall) is preferable.2) The volume of samples required for the first-stage lot is 10kg. The appropriate crushing of the lot is achieved by a jaw-crusher and grains of larger than 21mm are crushed furthermore.3) A 19-21mm fraction of the sample thus crushed will closely represent the whole sample.4) The CSR testing method is accurate to the extent that standard deviations of CRI and CSR are 0.79 and 1.10 respectively.5) Reaction temperature, reaction time and CO2 volume, have affects on CSR values by 2-3%/10°C, 0.3%/min. and 0.1-0.2%10.1l, respectively.


Our study is to describe the concepts and features of Agent mental state model in BDI logic as the basis of Agent knowledge representation and reasoning.We construct MAS model system on the ability of characteristic transformation and collaboration in the roles by analyzing the Agent,role concept,role transformation and binary cooperative relations,and describe domain ontology,the definition of system roles,role coordination behavioral norm,role collaboration and other contents in DORL(Domain Ontology Representation Language)language.Finally,the case of knowledge of the supply system is discussed.


Keir Starmer has coped well with a difficult task, but medically the position has become more complex.1 An honest discussion with terminally ill patients about prognosis could be seen …


While previous studies have shown the importance of visuo-spatial working memory in the processing of co-speech
 iconic gestures, clear evidence for a potential involvement of the verbal working memory (vWM) is currently lacking. To address
 this issue, participants in the present study were presented with a dual task paradigm. The main outcome variable was the
 performance on a Stroop-like gesture task which provides a behavioural index of gesture-speech integration. Participants performed
 this task under conditions of either high or low concurrent vWM load. Unlike in previous studies, the number of words to remember
 in the high load condition was determined by their individual verbal span rather than being fixed. Results showed reaction time
 costs in the form of longer reaction times for semantically incongruent gesture-speech combinations as compared to congruent
 combinations. However, this semantic congruency effect disappeared when the vWM load increased. This result suggests a causal
 involvement of verbal working memory capacity in gesture-speech integration.


The present invention relates to a plastic dolly having a pair of longitudinal side members and a pair of transverse end members coupled together by lap joints to form a frame, preferably a rectangle. The various members are molded in a honeycomb/cellular configuration to conserve product weight and materials. Each of the four corner joints includes a caster fastening hole for receiving a caster fastening bolt which securely fastens the joints together and carries a dolly caster wheel. Additional strength and rigidity is provided to the dolly by two long, preferably metal, reinforcement elements disposed in grooves running longitudinally in the side members and extending into the end members.


Six of the world's leading health agencies have formed a groundbreaking alliance in an attempt to tackle diseases such as cancers, cardiovascular diseases, and type 2 diabetes.

The newly formed Global Alliance for Chronic Diseases is a collaboration between the United Kingdom's Medical Research Council; Australia's National Health Medical Research Council; the Canadian Institutes of Health Research; China's Ministry of Health in association with the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; and the US National Institutes of Health's National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, and the Fogarty International Center.

The sixth organisation that will be invited to join the alliance is the Indian Council of …


A random, hydrogen-free, assembly of microscopic sp 2 carbon chips, forming a macroscopically homogeneous and isotropic solid, is proposed as a model carrier for the ultraviolet (UV) interstellar extinction band. The validity of this model is based on the calculation of the Bruggeman average dielectric function of a mixture of the known parallel and perpendicular dielectric functions of graphite. The π absorption feature of Rayleigh-sized spheres of this mixture falls near 4.6 μm -1 (2175 A), but its width is 1.5 μm -1 , somewhat larger than the astronomically observed average, 1 μm -1 . This is confirmed by measurements of the reflectance of an industrial material, polycrystalline graphite. A better fit to the interstellar feature position and width is obtained with a hypothetical material, having the same dielectric functions as natural graphite, except for less extended wings of the π resonance. Physically, this could result from changes in the electronic band structure due to previous thermal histories. In this model, the Frolich feature central wavelength depends only on the π resonance frequency, while its width depends only on the damping constant of the same resonance. This explains the range of observed feature widths at constant feature wavelength.


BACKGROUND
The impact of the COVID-19 outbreak and lockdown in liver transplant (LT) patients remains unknown. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to assess the consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic on the physical and mental health of LT patients during the lockdown period.

METHODS
Between August and October 2020 a Web-based questionnaire was emailed to 238 LT patients undergoing regular follow-up at our unit. This pseudonymized survey explored demographic and lifestyle variables (i.e. eating and physical habits), disruptions in routine medical care, and different dimensions of mental health, COVID-19-related mood and coping (worries/anxiety, depression, insomnia, fear of Covid, resilience, etc.), and health perception using different validated instruments.

RESULTS
48.7% (116 of 238) LT recipients accepted to participate, 104 of whom gave their consent to publish the data. The median age was 63 years. Up to 39.4% presented worrying scores indicating moderate/severe generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), whereas 25.5% exhibited moderate/severe insomnia and only 10.5% moderate/severe depression. Forty patients (38.5%) gained weight, 24% experienced a worsening in their eating habits and 63.4% referred to practice less or much less exercise during the lockdown. Only 25% perceived a worsening in the control of their chronic comorbidities. Missed medical appointments (0.9%) or worsening adherence to therapy (1.9%) were exceptional.

CONCLUSIONS
COVID-19 lockdown has negatively impacted the mental and physical health of LT patients. Long-term consequences remain unclear.


This Article reviews and expands the literature on best practices in a narrow subset -- the first day of class. As the same time it seeks to convey words of wisdom from one of the most well-known and highly-regarded legal educators: Tina Stark, a giant in transactional drafting. The first day of any law school class can be fraught with tension and nerves, even for professors. This article presents advice from Professor Stark, supplemented with guidance from best practices research, so that professors can take advantage of the opportunities that the first day of class offers to set the tone for a successful semester.


The view of corporate managers as agents of the shareholders has been questioned from inside and from outside the business community, with demands that they be committed, instead, to value-maximization for all stakeholders. This paper maintains that existing theories of strategy make implicit or explicit assumptions on the irrelevance of transaction costs in the processes of value creation and appropriation that result in a minor role of managers and directors in stakeholders' value-maximization. Next, it explains why managers and directors acting as trustees of the business venture, with the mission of governing and managing the business under the prescriptions of the axiomatic Nash bargaining solution, can be a transaction costs efficient way of governing the multi-stakeholders firm.


We show that the decay of a passive scalar θ advected by a random incompressible flow with zero correlation time in Batchelor limit can be mapped exactly to a certain quantum-mechanical system with a finite number of degrees of freedom. The Schrödinger equation is derived and its solution is analyzed for the case when at the beginning the scalar has Gaussian statistics with correlation function of the form e−|x−y| 2 . Any equal-time correlation function of the scalar can be expressed via the solution to the Schrödinger equation in a closed algebraic form. We find that the scalar is intermittent during its decay and the average of |θ|α (assuming zero mean value of θ) falls as e−γαDt at large t, where D is a parameter of the flow, γα = α(6− α)/4 for 0 < α < 3, and γα = 9/4 for α ≥ 3, independent of α. Typeset using REVTEX †Email address: email@example.com ∗This work is supported in part by funds provided by the U.S. Department of Energy (D.O.E.) under cooperative research agreement #DF-FC02-94ER40818. The problem of advection of a passive scalar (e.g., temperature or density of a pollutant) by a random flow has attracted considerable interest recently [1–5]. In many cases, the steady state of the scalar exhibits the phenomenon of intermittency, i.e. violation of Gaussianity, which, while being simpler than the Navier–Stokes intermittency [6], might well be the key for the understanding of the latter. In this paper, we consider the problem of turbulent decay of a passive scalar, i.e. its advection without external injection, in the limit of very large correlation length of the velocity (the Batchelor limit.) We show that the problem can be reduced to the quantum mechanics of a system with a finite number of degrees of freedom, which allows for the exact computation of any equal-time correlation function of the scalar. For a particular, yet physically interesting, choice of the initial condition, the number of relevant degrees of freedom of the effective quantum theory is only three, and one can easily find all intermittency properties of the scalar during the decay. The method does not rely on any phenomenological model or uncontrollable approximation. The problem is to find statistical properties of a scalar θ satisfying the equation [7] ∂tθ + vi∂iθ = κ∆θ (1) where vi is a Gaussian random field which is white in time, 〈vi(t,x)vj(t ,y)〉 = δ(t− t)fij(r) (2) where r = |x − y|. In this paper we will consider only the case of three spatial dimensions. For incompressible flows, ∂ifij = 0. In the Batchelor limit [5,8], which corresponds to the viscous-convective range in real turbulence at high Prandtl numbers, r is much smaller than the correlation length of v, and fij(r) = V δij −D(2δijr 2 − rirj) (3)


Different people have different opinion about the relationship between corporate social responsibility and financial performance,and the difference is an important factor in the decision-making,but the tour operators did not aware this.This paper examined the relationship between Corporate Social Responsibility and Financial Performance by using 16 tourism companies listed in shanghai securities exchange and Shenzhen securities exchange from 2006 to 2009.Results revealed that four dimensions were proposed to have positive financial effects;Besides,we also find CSR positively affect Financial Performance significantly.


This is an analysis in which we played the games "Journey" and "Brothers: A Tale of Two Sons" with the goal of identifying game design patterns that were used to convey the games' narratives. Using ...


We present a collection of biophysics examination problems that focus on electrodiffusion, the superposition principle, and currents in RC circuits, leading towards an understanding of the Hodgkin–Huxley model of action potentials. These problems link basic concepts in electricity to the physiology of living cells. The models described in these problems are intended help students develop an understanding of electrical processes in cells. Our work shows how introductory-level electricity courses can be taught in parallel with basic cell (electro)physiology and how basic concepts of electric circuits apply to cellular phenomena.


Dear Editor, Frontal fibrosing alopecia (FFA) is a primary lymphocytic cicatricial alopecia, characterized by band-like scarring alopecia of the frontal hairline and eyebrow loss that mainly affects postmenopausal women. The etiopathogenesis of FFA is still unclear. Lichenoid eruptions are a less common adverse effect of both oral and topical beta-blockers (BB).We here report the case of FFA after sessions of mesotherapy with BB. A 42-year-old patient, who has not reached menopause yet, was referred to our dermatology department with a several-week history of rapidly progressive frontal alopecia. History revealed that she received, 6 months ago, four sessions of mesotherapy for the treatment of her severe migraine headache. The patient developed trichodynia and paresthesia since the beginning of injections. Three months later, she noticed a slight recession of her frontal hairline. According to the homeopathic doctor, the solution injected into the forehead contained BBs (propranolol). Bilateral injections, in intra deep dermal 4 mm, separated by 2 cm, were made along the frontal line and in the eyebrows (a session/15 days).Physical examination revealed a recession of the frontal hairline, with atrophic skin devoid of hair follicular opening (Figure 1A). Nonscarring alopecia in the eyebrows with follicular papules disseminated on the face was also found (Figure 1B). Trichoscopy showed rarefaction of follicular orifices, absence of vellus hair on the forehead line, peri-follicular erythema, and perifollicular hyperkeratosis (Figure 1C). A trichoscopy-guided biopsy of the scalp was performed. The histological examination was compatible with the diagnosis of FFA showing perifollicular lymphocytic infiltrate, apoptotic cells in the outer epithelial sheath, and perifollicular fibrosis. Thus, the diagnosis of FFA was made based on clinical features associating frontal scarring alopecia, a nonscarring alopecia of the eyebrows and follicular papules on the face, specific thrichoscopic signs and compatible histopathological findings. The patient was topically treated with Tacrolimus 0.1% twice a day. Intralesional injection of triamcinolone acetonide (10 mg/ml) over the frontal hairline and the eyebrows were given repeatedly every 4 weeks for 12 weeks. Progression of the disease was stopped. The etiology of FFA has not yet been elucidated. Hormonal effects, genetic predisposition, immune dysfunction, and environmental factors such as facial sunscreen use have all been postulated to play a role. Our patient, without any of these risk factors, has developed the alopecia 3 months after receiving the mesotherapy injections. Mesotherapy employee's products can be incriminated in our case. Indeed, propranolol, the main component of our patient mesotherapy may trigger lichen planus-like drug eruption. This welldescribed but rare adverse reaction was associated with the use of both oral and topical BB. In total, 30 cases were identified (27 oral BB and 3 topical ophthalmic preparations). In many of these case reports, it was difficult to definitively conclude that the lichenoid eruption was due to a BB medication. The onset of the lichenoid reaction is 4 days–7 years with a median of 3 months. The diagnosis was supported by the resolution of lesions following withdrawal of medication.


Multiple waveform repetition frequency (WRF), is introduced in this paper as a solution to the range/Doppler ambiguity in HF FMCW radars. The proposed pattern requires switching of WRFs while the target is being illuminated. The Chinese remainder theorem provides a rule for the selection of the WRFs which is determined by the maximum required unambiguous Doppler coverage. However, for HF radars other considerations with regard to ionospheric clutter need to be accounted for. The paper presents the necessary criteria for selecting the multiple WRFs and an example for sea-state application.


Recurrent respiratory problems are common in patients with cerebral palsy (CP). Detection of risk factors could prevent respiratory problems and reduce permanent lung damage. We aimed to provide a multidisciplinary approach for the causes, frequency, and concomitant problems and solutions of respiratory problems of these patients.


This paper communicates some considerations and observations on what was involved in the process of obtaining full autonomous status for the Instituto Profesional Santo Tomas. Its independent status was granted by the Higher Education Council (CSE), based on the provisions established by the Constitutional Organic Law on Education (LOCE). These considerations are drafted on a long-term perspective and are not aimed at specific aspects or details. Rather, they are aimed at the process of verification as a general exercise. The authors felt it was important to share these difficulties and the input contributed aeinstitutionallyae during the verification procedure, as well as the achievements and the process that this experience involved for the Institute.


the autotransformer (AT) with tapped winding as a component of the trans-former-and-switches executive structures (TSES) of AC voltage stabilizers, multiphysics simulation of the AT with the semiconductor commutator at the output has been fulfilled. The TSES, in which the commutator is placed at the input of the AT, has been compared with the proposed one. The advantage of the proposed TSES for certain parameters have been proven. The possibility of influence of purposeful change of positioning of the winding sections has been tracked .


The article reveals the essence of the integral indicator of the personality's quality of the student's civil responsibility, which determines the effectiveness of the continuous process and the result of personal and educational development. The research is aimed at developing a universal scientific and effective system for forming the civic responsibility of primary school students. On the basis of developments of modern psychological and pedagogical research the holistic approach to understanding of formation of civic responsibility of schoolchildren is grounded. An attempt is made to determine the phenomenon of formation of the civic responsibility of the pupils of the main school as an integrative manifestation of a number of its constituent components related to the peculiarities of educational activity. The aim of the study was to identify the structure and features of the formation of civic responsibility of primary school students. To achieve the goal at various stages of scientific search, a complex of such interrelated methods is used: analysis, classification, generalization of theoretical approaches of domestic and foreign scientists in the field of philosophy, sociology, pedagogy, psychology to study the essence, structure and peculiarities of the formation of civic responsibility; study of psychological and pedagogical sources for the definition of the terminology apparatus of the study. In the context of the study, we will find out the content of the constituent concepts of "formation", "responsibility", "citizenship" as the leading components of the phenomenon of "civil responsibility". The notion of responsibility is defined as an integral indicator of the quality of the individual, which includes the process and the result development of human activity, characterized by the achievement of its indicators for reporting its actions and deeds, qualitative characteristics and completeness of implementation and stabilization of the systemic qualities of public accountability of the individual as an indicator of her position of life. Citizenship acts as a spiritual and moral value, a worldview and psychological characteristic of a person, conditioned by its state self-identification, awareness of belonging to a particular country. Differentiation of the general components of the structure of civic responsibility on the features that characterize a person: a sense of civic duty, patriotism, social activity, interest in social life, participation in society, the need for communication, collectivism, national and planetary consciousness. the achievement of pupils of the primary school of optimal levels of civil responsibility is due to their acquisition of their constituent components.


The last financial crisis opened a debate about which transmision channels were more relevant in its propagation. Using an inventory menu cost model, we study the aggregate and cross sectional impacts of large shocks to the model and contrast these with the firm level data from Peru and the U.S. In the model, inventory holdings arise as an optimal response to demand uncertainty and the presence of lump sum costs, and optimal decisions imply a negative correlation between price and production, as well as a standard (S; s) rule. Simulation results show different responses of cross-section and time series data for each aggregate shock. The model suggests that Peruvian trade sector was affected through a channel that resembles a lump sum cost shock, while manufacturing sector experienced a negative demand shock. In the case of United States, both sectors faced a shock isomorphic to a marginal cost one.


(KxNa0.96−xLi0.04)(Nb0.85Ta0.15)O3 lead-free piezoelectric ceramics were produced by conventional solid-state reaction method. The effects of K/Na ratio on the phase transitional behavior, Raman spectrum, microstructure, and dielectric, piezoelectric, and ferroelectric properties of the ceramics have been investigated. The phase structure of the ceramics undergoes a transition from orthorhombic to tetragonal phase with increasing x. A double-degenerate symmetric O–Nb–O stretching vibration v1 and a triply degenerate symmetric O–Nb–O bending vibration v5 are detected as relatively strong scattering in the Raman spectra. The peak shifts of v5 and v1 modes all have a discontinuity with x between 0.42 and 0.46, which may suggest the coexistence of orthorhombic and tetragonal phases in this range. Properly modifying x reduces the sintering temperature, promotes the grain growth behavior, and improves the density of the ceramics. The polymorphic phase transition (at To-t) is shifted to near room temperature by ...


Microsystems are rapidly making their avenue into commercial applications. Power needs to be supplied to individual devices without requiring wires or physical tethering if the full potential of the micro-machines are to be realized. We develop direct DC power for micro-devices using remote radio-frequency (RF) generation as well as on-chip RF to DC micro-convertor. The micro-scale antennas will supply as much as 10 mW of DC power in an area less than 20mm × 20mm. Optical coupling may not be required because the RF energy can be penetrated into the system without significant loss of energy through media. Fabrication of working remotely powered micro-chips is being developed. This technology may realize power convertor for individual micro-robots, micro-probes as well as wireless power distribution to multi-chips and micro-scale energy storage devices such as batteries.


The purpose of this paper is to investigate the Indian Oil Corporation's profitability and to identify the variables that most affects its profitability.In this study, we have analyzed the profitability position covering a period of 8 years from 2007-08 to 2014-15. In this study, we have used ratio analysis techniques to study the profitability position of IOCL. Ratio analysis is considered as an important tool for financial analysis. It is a tool which helps in the analysis and interpretation of the financial strength of the firm. By scrutinizing the result of various ratios it can be stated whether the profitability position of the firm is strong, good, questionable or poor. This analysis helps us to know whether the organization is growing or deteriorating. Profitability has been measured in terms of operating profit ratio, net profit ratio, return on gross capital employed ratio, return on net capital employed ratio, etc.  Pearson's correlation and analysis are used in the study.


Background: The bidirectional relationship between diabetes mellitus and periodontitis was obvious as both of them are considered chronic diseases. The risk of developing periodontitis was reported to be higher in diabetic patients specially with poorly control diabetes mellitus, which in turn can negatively impact glycemic control. Advanced glycation end-products have intertwined relationship with oxidative product; increased in advanced glycation end-products could lead to oxidative stress and vice versa. The aim of current study was to investigate the possibility of using serum levels of (AGEs) for identification of the periodontal pathological condition in periodontitis patients with and without diabetes. Method: Twenty healthy individuals (control group), 30 patients with severe chronic periodontitis and 30 poorly controlled diabetic patients with severe chronic periodontitis were included. Full mouth (plaque index PlI, gingival index GI, bleeding on probing BOP, probing pocket depth PPD, clinical attachment loss CAL) were recorded by periodontal probing and serum advanced glycation end-products concentration were assayed using enzyme linked immunosorbent assays. Results: A non-significant difference was reported in plaque index PlI, gingival index GI, bleeding on probing between diabetic and non-diabetic patients with chronic periodontitis, while probing pocket depth, clinical attachment loss revealed a significant difference between diabetic and non-diabetic patients. Advanced glycation end-products presented with highest level in diabetic group (26.92) followed by chronic periodontitis group (15.91) then the control group (6.60), however, the correlation was non-significant with periodontal parameters. Conclusions: It is possible to use serum advanced glycation end-products level in the early diagnosis of chronic periodontitis in patients with and without diabetes.


The Raman spectra of D 2 O solutions of deuterated polyacrylamide, acetamide, propionamide, and butyramide were measured to investigate the self-association of amide groups. Factor analysis deconvolution technique were used for the analyses of Raman spectra of these compounds, and the C=O stretching band of the amide groups could be separated into three major peaks. One of the peaks corresponded to a nonassociated amide group, and the others were assigned to different types of self-associated amide groups. Nonlinear least-squares curve fitting suggested the presence of intramolecular hydrogen bonding within a coil of polyacrylamide in aqueous solutions


:Drafts developed in graphical expression techniques and models formed in abstract manners and gradually becoming concrete are used for the exhibition of the targeted images in the design process, which is also a mental improvement process. Among the biggest difficulty beginner architecture students face is failing to make comments on the products they design in architecture design process;  their spatial relationships and express them in two or three-dimensional models. Expression and modelling techniques to be used in this process are very important. In this study, a lesson programme enriched with two and three  – dimensional model expression techniques for planting design education, which is of vital significance in landscape architecture departments, was developed and applied. Advantages and disadvantages of the programme were evaluated and some suggestions were offered. Consequently, importance of three dimensional expression techniques and need for them were re-emphasized and the efficiency of the modelling technique used in the study was determined under today's and Turkey's conditions.


Twenty seven genotypes of mungbean were evaluated for combining ability for yield and its attributing traits. The field experiment were conducted during March  to May both for 2012 and 2013 at  the Instructional farm, Jaguli , Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur, Nadia, West Bengal. The data were recorded on plant height, days to 50% flowering, days to maturity, number of branches plant -1 ,number of pods plant -1 , number of seeds plant -1 , pod length, pod width, hundred seed weight, seed yield plant -1 and protein content. The study revealed that significant differences for all the characters. Samrat, Bireshwar and Tarm-2 were found to be superior for yield and its attributing traits along with protein content and TM-99-50 for earliness. High heritability accompanied by high genetic advance was observed for seed yield plant -1 followed by 100 seed weight, number of branches plant -1 and number of pods plant -1 which indicated the importance of additive gene effects in controlling the expression of these characters. Simple breeding strategies may be adopted to obtain desirable changes and further improvement in these characters.


A simple switched beamforming network with one 90° hybrid, two switches, and delay lines is designed. By controlling the switches, the antenna can produce four beams with the phase differences between adjacent radiating elements being ±135° and ±45°. The proposed feed network is simple, provides a tapered amplitude distribution, and has the same phase characteristics as the four‐beam Butler matrix feed network. The measured S11 of the proposed antenna is less than −10 dB at the operating frequency of 11.2 GHz. When switch 1 is in the "on" position and switch 2 is in the "off" position, or when both switches are in the "on" position, the measured radiation pattern shows that the scan angles are −12° and +35°. The proposed array antenna has the advantage of low cost, small volume, and easy fabrication. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 51: 1413–1416, 2009; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.24352


This section will provide you with information and guidance on casual workers and how to go about utilising a casual worker.


An unsupervised earthquake/tsunami damage information extraction method using single post-event polarimetric SAR data is proposed in this paper. All urban areas are extracted by an improved classification method which can effectively discriminate urban and foreshortening mountain areas, they are grouped into four kinds of buildings to detect damaged buildings. The proposed unsupervised method can explicitly detect all the damaged buildings, including those with large orientation angle which are easily recognized as undamaged buildings. The technique is validated based on the study about Tohoku earthquake/tsunami event, and is implemented on the L-band ALOS/PALSAR data set. The analysis in this paper verifies that the proposed method can achieve accurate damage information.


We prove a new, efficient version of the hypergraph container theorems that is suited for hypergraphs with large uniformities. The main novelty is a refined approach to constructing containers that employs simple ideas from high-dimensional convex geometry. The existence of smaller families of containers for independent sets in such hypergraphs, which is guaranteed by the new theorem, allows us to improve upon the best currently known bounds for several problems in extremal graph theory, discrete geometry, and Ramsey theory.


Hybrid surface mounted metal–organic frameworks (h‐SURMOFs) of multi variant core‐shell (cs) and core–shell–shell (css) structures (SURMOF A‐B and A‐B‐C, A: [Cu2(bdc)2(dabco)]; B: [Cu2(NH2‐bdc)2(dabco)]; C: [Cu2(ndc)2(dabco)], bdc = 1,4‐benzenedicarboxylate; NH2‐bdc = 2‐amino‐1,4‐benzenedicarboxylate; ndc = 1,4‐naphtalenedicarboxylate; dabco = 1,4‐diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane) with specific crystallographic [001] orientation and incorporated amino groups at a controllable depth within the bulk are deposited via liquid phase epitaxial (LPE) approach on pyridyl‐terminated self‐assembled monolayers (SAM). The location of the (amino) functionality can be precisely controlled through tuning the thickness (number of deposition cycles) of each sub‐multilayer block according to the LPE deposition protocol. The chemo‐selective and location‐specific post deposition (chemical) modification of the amino groups in the cs and css‐type h‐SURMOF samples is achieved. The h‐SURMOFs allow one to probe functional groups at certain location in the volume of hybrid MOF crystallites attached to surfaces as thin film coatings. Multiplex adsorption kinetics of FPI (FPI = 4‐fluorophenyl isothiocyanate) is observed in h‐SURMOFs due to their multi‐variant pore structures in samples of A‐B and A‐B‐C. Conceptually, the stepwise LPE growth method enables fabrication of hybrid SURMOFs and incorporation of multi‐variant functionalities into one homogeneous thin film material, providing precisely tunable pore environment for selective adsorption, separation, etc.


The Pauli Hamiltonian for a spin $\frac{1}{2}$ charged particle interacting with a point magnetic vortex and $1/r^{2}$ potential exhibits a dynamical supersymmetry $Osp(1,1)$ on the plane except at the origin. Using this symmetry, the spectrum and the wave functions have been obtained. And, the dynamical supersymmetry could be imported to the case when an external harmonic potential is added.


Series Preface. Acknowledgments. Introduction. SECTION IAC - Adult Children of Alcoholics. Exercise I.A What's My Role? Exercise I.B What Can I Control? What Do I Need? Exercise I.C We're Not Supposed to Talk about That! SECTION IIAC - Agoraphobia/Panic. Exercise II.A When Is This Going to Happen? Exercise II.B Breaking My Panic Cycle. Exercise II.C Facing FearsAC - Part One. Exercise II.D Facing FearsAC - Part Two. SECTION IIIAC - Anger Control Problems. Exercise III.A Anger Log. Exercise III.B Is It Anger or Aggression? Exercise III.C Go Blow Out Some Candles. Exercise III.D My Safe Place. SECTION IVAC - Anxiety. Exercise IV.A What Happens When I Feel Anxious? Exercise IV.B What Else Can I Say or Do? Exercise IV.C Beating Self-Defeating Beliefs. SECTION VAC - Assertiveness Deficit. Exercise V.A Is It Passive, Aggressive, or Assertive? Exercise V.B It's Okay to Be Assertive. SECTION VIAC - Bulimia. Exercise VI.A Am I Hungry? Exercise VI.B I Need to Get Control. Exercise VI.C What Am I Thinking? Exercise VI.D Is It Good Food or Bad Food? Should It Matter That Much? SECTION VIIAC - Caregiver Burnout. Exercise VII.A Being a Caregiver Makes Me Feel... Exercise VII.B This Is for Me and That's Okay. Exercise VII.C What Drawer Does This Belong In? SECTION VIIIAC - Chemical Dependence. Exercise VIII.A I Use Because... Exercise VIII.B What to Do Instead of Using. Exercise VIII.C My Road Map to Recovery. SECTION IXAC - Child Sexual Molestation. Exercise IX.A This Is What Happened. Exercise IX.B This Is What I Did. Exercise IX.C I'm Changing the Way I Think. Exercise IX.D Stop! Rewind! And Start Again. SECTION XAC - Chronic Pain. Exercise X.A Aah! Relief, Written and Directed by. (Write in Your Name). Exercise X.B I Can Get through This. SECTION XIAC - Codependence. Exercise XI.A I'm Not in Kansas Anymore. Exercise XI.B I Feel... SECTION XIIAC - Depression. Exercise XII.A What Do Others Value about Me? Exercise XII.B My Feelings Journal. Exercise XII.C Taking Charge of Your Thoughts. Exercise XII.D There's Always a Sunrise. SECTION XIIIAC - Domestic Violence Offenders. Exercise XIII.A When Do I Need a Break? Exercise XIII.B Now Is When I Need a Break. Exercise XIII.C I Can Have Feelings, Too. SECTION XIVAC - Domestic Violence Survivors. Exercise XIV.A What I Give and What I Get. Exercise XIV.B What If ...? Exercise XIV.C Thoughts about This Relationship. SECTION XVAC - Grief/Loss Unresolved. Exercise XV.A Farewell, until We Meet Again. Exercise XV.B Moving On. SECTION XVIAC - HIV/AIDS. Exercise XVI.A How Am I Doing? Exercise XVI.B Why Me? SECTION XVIIAC - Incest OffendersAC - Adult. Exercise XVII.A Through the Eyes of a Child. Exercise XVII.B Stress and Trigger Journal. Exercise XVII.C My Letter of Apology. SECTION XVIIIAC - Incest SurvivorsAC - Adult. Exercise XVIII.A My Story. Exercise XVIII.B What I Need to Tell You. SECTION XIXAC - Infertility. Exercise XIX.A Being a Parent Means... Exercise XIX.B What If We Have a Child Some Other Way? SECTION XXAC - Parenting Problems. Exercise XX.A Working from the Same Page. Exercise XX.B What's the Message I Am Giving? What's the Message I Mean? Exercise XX.C Compliments Jar. Exercise XX.D What Are My Choices? SECTION XXIAC - PhobiasAC - Specific/Social. Exercise XXI.A I Can Picture It. Exercise XXI.B How Does This Happen? Exercise XXI.C Let's Float with It. Exercise XXI.D I Can Do This. SECTION XXIIAC - Rape Survivors. Exercise XXII.A Sharing My Story. Exercise XXII.B Changing My Faulty Thinking. Exercise XXII.C What I Feel and What I Think. SECTION XXIIIAC - Separation and Divorce. Exercise XXIII.A Talking to the Children 228Exercise XXIII.B We Need to Agree. Exercise XXIII.C Saying Good-bye and Saying Hello. SECTION XXIVAC - Shyness. Exercise XXIV.A Three Key Ingredients to Positive Social Interactions. Exercise XXIV.B What Comes after "Hi"? SECTION XXVAC - Single Parents. Exercise XXV.A Single ParentingAC - Pro or Con? Exercise XXV.B What Do I Do Now? SECTION XXVIAC - Toxic Parent Survivors. Exercise XXVI.A I Am Getting Rid of These Old TapesAC - Part One. Exercise XXVI.B I Am Getting Rid of These Old TapesAC - Part Two. SECTION XXVIIAC - Type-A Stress. Exercise XXVII.A Where's My Tension? Exercise XXVII.B When I Feel Tension/Stress I Can... SECTION XXVIIIAC - Vocational Stress. Exercise XXVIII.A What Else Can I Do to Make Things Better? Exercise XXVIII.B How I Will Get What I Want. About the Author. About the Disk.


In this work, we consider a fractional optimal control problem (FOCP) containing a nonlinear control system, described by a differential equation involving a Hilfer derivative, and an integral cost functional. We study the existence and uniqueness of a solution of the control system as well as the necessary and sufficient optimality conditions of FOCP.


A cooling apparatus of a steel sheet, a plurality of pairs of constraining rolls for constraining tongpan the steel sheet and; This provided a, wherein a plurality of spray nozzle rows, wherein the steel sheet; these pairs of constraining rolls at a location between, and arranged to face placed against each other between the steel sheets, a plurality of spray nozzles upper cooling unit and a bottom cooling unit having a heat and it is aligned along tongpan direction, each of the spray nozzle arrays, with the same spray nozzles arranged in a plurality of the width direction of the steel sheet; If the direction tongpan In this, the each of the spray nozzle arrays, and divided into a relatively downstream side of the spray nozzle yeolgun in the upstream spray nozzles yeolgun and a relatively downstream side in the upstream side; The number of the spray nozzles belonging to the upstream spray nozzles yeolgun, less than the number of the spray nozzles belonging to the downstream spray nozzles yeolgun.


This book has been available since 2000 but a reprint in 2003 has prompted this review. It is indeed a useful and authoritative book, as the need for a reprint would suggest, written by an experienced academic and a practising educational psychologist, both with a strong track record in the field of behaviour management. The book is clearly aiming at two markets: those on postgraduate and higher degree courses on the one hand, and those in the classroom faced with the day-to-day realities of attempting to create good order on the other. For those who demand authoritative and well-referenced books to establish authenticity, before they will accept the written word as wisdom, this book is for them. Hardly a page or a paragraph goes by without a reference to some key research in the USA, the UK or elsewhere. The references are mainly from the 1990s – which is as it should be – but the review and historical aspects are well supported by earlier work. For the classroom teacher, the book mainly consists of practical strategies and approaches, often at a very detailed level. In fact, the book only has five chapters but they are in a sense sections or parts and each one contains detailed guidance. An example of this very accessible coverage of fundamentals is Chapter Three on improving classroom behaviour. In considering actual instances of a range of inappropriate pupil behaviour, a number of typical teacher responses are outlined and analysed, followed by the authors' chosen and recommended teacher responses which are non-aggressive and non-escalatory but are seen as assertive and effective. The book has other strengths. Unlike many of the tips-for-teachers books on classroom behaviour that I have recently seen lining the bookshelves of a well-known chain of bookstores, an early part of the book deals book reviews


To meet the increasingly exacting emission control standards that are emerging, alternative fue l vehicles will be needed. I t appears that these will require optimised and dedicated systems utilising innovative control strategies to achieve the necessary standards. I n this paper, the major emission control issues for engines fuelled with alcohol, naturalgas, propane, or diesel fuels are identified. Control strategies employing dedicated emission control catalysts are discussed and performance results f r o m laboratory, engine and vehicle tests are highlighted. Comparisons are made with gasoline fuelled engines, where significant experience has been accumulated wer the past decade with the use of closed loop fuel control plus a catalytic converter to suppress the three ma in polluting emissions. The use of catalytic converters containing f low through catalysts is emphasised.


One of the important techniques, which can combat and exploit the frequency-selectivity of the wireless channel in providing high data rate wireless systems, lies in the hand of equalization. The wireless systems that is evolved the last few decades necessitates in the design and analysis of equalization techniques. The current trend as well as the future generation of wireless systems is supposed to possess very high spectral efficiency, presence of rapidly time varying channels due to high mobility and the availability of partial or no channel state information at the transmitter and/or receiver which prescribes MIMO systems. When the data is transmitted at high bit rates, over mobile radio channels, the channel impulse response can extend over many symbol periods, which lead to Inter-symbol interference (ISI). This paper analyses the performances of equalization techniques by considering 2 transmit and 2 receive antenna (2×2 MIMO) over a flat fading Rayleigh multipath channel and provides a bit error rate analysis of the same.


■ This study is an evaluation of the integration-responsiveness framework at subsidiary level using data from a sample of 171 manufacturing subsidiaries of foreign MNCs in the UK. In particular, it seeks to review the three-way taxonomy evolved by Jarillo and Martinez (1990) in a study of manufacturing subsidiaries in Spain. Key Results ■ A four-group taxonomy emerges from the analysis, including a low integration/low responsiveness classification, not described by Jarillo and Martinez. A number of structural and operational variables are analysed across the four groups of affiliates, suggesting that the proposed taxonomy is well defined and internally consistent.


The activity of pyridine nucleotide-linked 17β-and 20α-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (s) was detected in HeLa S3 cells. Addition of progesterone to cultures failed to increase the 20α-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity of the cells. The enzyme was partially purified by ammonium sulfate fractionation and chromatography on Bio-gel P-100, and the molecular weight of the enzyme was estimated at approximately 30, 000. The enzyme (s) could operate progesterone, 17α-hydroxyprogesterone (20α-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase) and androst-4-ene-3, 17-dione (17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase) in the presence of either NADH or NADPH. However, there was a small difference of elution patterns from the Bio-gel column between the NADH-and NADPHlinked enzymes, while the NADPH-linked 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity was eluted at the same void volume as the NADPH-linked 20α-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity.


Background: Mannitol 20% is used to treat patients with decreased consciousness and as the first line of treatment to reduce intracranial pressure (ICP). However, its application in pediatric patients is still based on minimal evidence. This study was performed to determine the predictive factors of clinical outcomes in pediatric patients with brain edema in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU).Methods: This prospective cohort study was conducted in the PICU, Sanglah Hospital Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia. The subjects were chosen by consecutive sampling from July 2016 to July 2017. The primary outcome variable was the patient's clinical outcome. A chi-square test was used to evaluate the association between the timing of mannitol administration and the patient's clinical outcome. Multivariate analysis was performed on all variables with p≤0.25.Results: Forty-one patients were included in the study, 65% of them were male, 65% had good nutritional status, 90% had non-traumatic brain injury, and 73% had confirmed intracranial infection. The risk of sequelae or death for patients in a coma was 1.8 times greater than that of non-comatose patients (p=0.018; CI 95% 1.119–3.047). Based on the timing of mannitol administration from the onset of decreased consciousness, the risk of sequelae or death in patients who received mannitol after 24 hours was 2.1 times higher than that in patients who received mannitol within 24 hours (p=0.006; CI 95% 1.167–3.779). Based on multivariate analysis, only two variables were associated with the patient's clinical outcome: pediatric Glasgow coma scale (PGCS) ≤3 (p=0.03) and timing of mannitol administration >24 hours (p=0.01).Conclusion: Early administration (<24 hours) of mannitol and high PGCS are related to favorable outcomes in patients with brain edema in the PICU.


Abstract An orientation survey of mostly the author's own results of pollen analyses of medieval sediments from archaeological sites in the Czech Republic is presented. The aim of the several-year-long cooperation with archaeologists was to find out whether, and to what extent, the results of pollen analysis are able to specify more exactly the outcomes of archaeological research. Existing pollen-analytical results confirmed their potential to contribute to interdisciplinary archaeological-archaeobotanical research. From a pollen-analytical perspective it was possible to distinguish early medieval material from high medieval material, particularly in the area of larger medieval towns. Selected finds of palynomorphs (pollen grains, spores and Non-Pollen-Palynomorphs) are mentioned in more detail in the chapters "Botany and pharmacy", "Hygiene and social situation", "Problems of the age, function and/or disappearance of some archaeological features and situations" and "Pollen analysis and history".


This article reviews the theoretical foundations of a program of prenatal and early childhood home visitation that has been tested and refined over the past two decades while it was examined in a series of three randomized trials. It describes the role that theories of self-efficacy, human attachment, and human ecology have played in shaping the content and clinical methods of the program. The program was designed to improve: (1) the outcomes of pregnancy; (2) qualities of parental caregiving (and associated child health and developmental outcomes); and (3) maternal life-course development (helping women return to school, find work, and plan future pregnancies). Each of the theoretical perspectives provides insights into different aspects of parents' and children's lives that the visitors attempted to support in their efforts to prevent a set of interrelated health and developmental problems that compromise mothers' prenatal health, their own life-course development, and the health and development of their children. While adhering to a common core, the program content and methods evolved over each of three trials and were reflected in program protocols that increasingly were connected in more explicit ways to their theoretical foundations. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.


reserving full liberty hereafter to focus its attention more directly on to the modern side. That would be a normal process in its evolution which would fairly meet and satisfy the aspirations of all the contending schools. In publishing these lectures, which have had such a notable success in Scandinavia and which should also appear in English (the language in which they were delivered) for the benefit of our own reading public, Mr. Yusuf Ali has given an impulse to a movement which, it is to be hoped, will not be allowed to die away, but will open up new and interesting fields of research.


We present dedicated rewriting, a novel technique to automatically prove the correctness of low power transformations in hardware systems described at the Register Transfer Level (RTL). We guarantee the correctness of any low power transformation by providing a functional equivalence proof of the hardware design before and after the transformation. We characterize low power transformations as rules, within our system. Dedicated rewriting is a highly automated deductive verification technique specially honed for proving correctness of low power transformations. We provide a notion of equivalence and establish the equivalence proof within our dedicated rewriting system. We demonstrate our technique on a non-trivial case study. We show equivalence of a Verilog RTL implementation of a Viterbi decoder, a component of the DRM SoC, before and after the application of multiple low power transformations. We further demonstrate the application of our technique on a completely different kind of hardware circuit, viz. microprocessors. We show the correctness of instruction-driven slicing algorithm as applied to the OR1200 microprocessor.


Introduction Benign positional vertigo (BPV) has a characteristic pattern of nystagmus specific to the affected semicircular canal and the underlying mechanism of canalithiasis (where otoconia float freely) or cupulolithiasis (where otoconia are adherent to the cupula). Methods We analysed the nystagmus slow-phase velocity (SPV) profiles of 100 subjects with posterior-canalithiasis, 30 with lateral-canalithiasis, 10 with lateral-cupulolithiasis and 3 with anterior-canalithiasis. Subjects were examined on the Epley Omniax Rotator, a mechanical chair with real-time video-oculography. Video data was analysed using custom-made LabVIEW software. Nystagmus onset, duration, peak-velocity, peak-latency and time taken for the peak-velocity to halve (t50), were measured. Results In posterior-canalithiasis, nystagmus occurred within 14.2 seconds of positioning and lasted 2.5–34.5 seconds. The median vertical peak-SPV was 37.3°/s. The median peak-latency was 2.9 seconds and the median t50 was 3.4 seconds. In lateral-canalithiasis, nystagmus onset was mostly immediate. With the affected ear down, the median peak-SPV was 52.2°/s and the median peak-latency was 3.6 seconds; the t50 was 7 seconds (median) and the paroxysms lasted 9.9–48.5 seconds. In lateral-cupulolithiasis, nystagmus onset was instantaneous. With the unaffected ear down, the median peak-SPV was 69.6°/s. The peak-latency (median 18.6 s) and t50 (median 34.5 s) were significantly prolonged compared to canalithiasis. For anterior-canalithiasis, the onset was 0–2.9 seconds, the peak-latency was 3–5.4 seconds, the t50 was 6.4–10.5 seconds and the duration was 13.4–23.1 seconds. Conclusions Canalithiasis and cupulolithiasis produce distinct SPV profiles, which enable their identification and the separation of BPV from other causes of positional nystagmus.


Abstract : This report was developed under a SBIR contract. The objective of this effort was to develop a computation fluid dynamics tool for air and space flight. Flow fields characterized by the simultaneous presence of continuum and rarefied regimes arise in many important applications, ranging from re-entry of aerospace vehicles to micro-fluidics. In this Phase II SBIR Project, we have developed a Unified Flow Solver with adaptive mesh and algorithm refinement based on direct numerical solution of the Boltzmann equation coupled to kinetic schemes of gas dynamics. Our strategy allowed easy coupling of the continuum and Boltzmann solvers in a hybrid code with automatic domain decomposition. We have demonstrated the UFS capabilities for several one-component gas flows and have confirmed that the hybrid method results in significant savings by limiting expensive kinetic solutions only to the regions where they are needed. The UFS could automatically introduce or remove kinetic patches to maximize accuracy and efficiency of simulations. We have extended UFS to molecular gases with rotationally and vibrationally degrees of freedom and to multi-component reactive gas mixtures. It was demonstrated that the UFS methodology could provide an efficient solution to practical problems of polyatomic gas mixtures of different degrees of rarefaction.


A theoretical model for the dependence of the diode forward voltage (V/sub f/) on junction temperature (T) is developed. A new expression for dV/sub f//dT is derived that takes into account all relevant contributions to the temperature dependence of the forward voltage including the intrinsic carrier concentration, the bandgap energy, and the effective density of states. Experimental results on the junction temperature of GaN UV LEDs are presented. Excellent agreement between the theoretical and experimental temperature coefficient of the forward voltage (dV/sub f//dT) is found. The experimentally found linear dependence of the junction temperature on forward current is explained by a thermal conduction model. A thermal resistivity of 342.2 K/W is found for the UV LED.


Kinetic data for the radicals H⋅ and ⋅OH in aqueous solution,and the corresponding radical anions, ⋅O− and eaq−, have been critically pulse radiolysis, flash photolysis and other methods. Rate constants for over 3500 reaction are tabulated, including reaction with molecules, ions and other radicals derived from inorganic and organic solutes.


We can modify protein by protein cross-linking. This article describes two kinds of protein's cross-linking: chemical cross-linking and enzymatic cross-linking. Presently the primary cross-linkings of protein is glutaraldehyde in chemistry and transglutaminase in enzyme. We can reform tissue and functional property of food by it, so protein cross-linking will have good application in food industry.


To determine the degree of variation in flowering and fruiting among shoots within naturally growing plants of the gynodioecious shrub Hebe subalpina, flower and fruit production were measured on both sexual morphs. Flower number varied within plants on both morphs, but while fruit production was just as variable as flower number within female plants, fruit production was more variable than flower number within the'male' (or perfect-flowered) morph, which produced fewer fruits on average. A variety of shoot characteristics was also measured, to determine whether the variation in flowering and fruiting was related to differences among shoots in their resource status and/or hierarchy within the plant (...)


We discuss the properties of the sources in the CLASS blazar survey, which aims at the selection of low radio power (P 5 GHz < 10 25 W Hz -1 ) blazars. We use Very Large Array (VLA) data from available catalogues and from our own observations to constrain the radio core-dominance of the sample which, together with the flat radio spectral index, is a signature of the blazar activity. X-ray data from the ROSAT All Sky Survey were also collected in order to constrain the radio-to-X-ray luminosity ratio (α RX ) of the sources. The data analysis shows that more than 30 per cent of sources at low radio power (P 5 GHz < 10 25 W Hz -1 ) have an α RX steeper than that expected in the framework of the 'blazar sequence' recently put forward to unify the high- and low-power blazars. The possibility that this result is influenced by contaminating sources in the current sample is discussed. The conclusion is that, even if a number of non-blazars (typically CSO/GPS sources) are expected in the survey, it is unlikely that this constitutes the sole reason for the observed deviation. In particular, we show two examples for which the blazar nature is confirmed from VLBI data and for which the steep α RX (suggesting a synchrotron peak frequency below 10 15.5 Hz) and the low radio power (0.6-2 x 10 24 W Hz -1 ) put these sources outside the 'blazar sequence'. The results presented here show the importance of a correct and unbiased sampling of the low-power regime of the blazar population.


Sparsity-based methods have been recently applied to abnormal event detection, and have achieved impressive results. However, most such methods fail to consider the relationship among coefficient vectors; furthermore, they neglect the underlying "dictionary structure."' The authors' compact low-rank sparse representation (CLSR) method overcomes these drawbacks. Specifically, it adds compact regularization to the sparse representation model, which explicitly considers the relationship among coefficient vectors. The authors utilize the low-rank property to capture the underlying dictionary structure. Their method is verified on three challenging databases, and the experimental results demonstrate that it compares favorably to state-of-the-art methods in abnormal event detection.


Constructive approaches, principles and methods of identification, recognition and classification of micro-objects based on the use of neural networks and mechanisms for extracting morphometric characteristics of images have been developed. Information processing technology based on obtaining images of micro-objects from a photo, video camera, digital microscope is proposed. A technique has been developed for interactive measurement of the size of micro-objects, counting, determining the structure, conducting statistical analysis, isolating and segmenting fragments, selecting informative points, recognizing and classifying images. A computational scheme for preliminary processing of images is built, including mechanisms for texture, contour segmentation, detection, and regulation of variables. Algorithms for learning neural networks with setting variables within the limits of permissible values, taking into account the properties of nonstationarity of image points, have been built. The effectiveness of learning algorithms combined with neural network dynamic models with mechanisms for regulating linear, nonlinear, compositional connections of neurons between network layers has been investigated. The study was carried out according to the criterion of the percentage of correct recognition. A software package for visualization, recognition, classification of images of pollen grains has been developed and implemented, which has been tested under conditions of a priori insufficiency, uncertainty and nonstationarity.


This thesis presents novel interdisciplinary Physics - Biology research work that employed Photoacoustic Spectroscopy and Proton-Transfer-Reaction Mass Spectrometry. Both techniques were used in biological studies of trace gasses emitted by crop plants and fruit under stress situations. The findings of this research bring to light essential new features in plant physiology. A line tuneable (5 - 8 ?m) infrared CO-laser based photoacoustic detector was adapted to achieve fast, non-invasive and highly sensitive on-line monitoring of biological processes. The set-up was used to study alcoholic fermentation and concomitant processes in seedlings of various crop plants, notably of rice and wheat (Chapters 2, 3, and 4). If a large number of gases are monitored by the photoacoustic method, the time resolution of the system becomes very low. In addition, there is great interest in trace gases that cannot be monitored by photoacoustics. To overcome these drawbacks, a Proton-Transfer-Reaction Mass Spectrometer (PTR-MS) was designed, constructed and optimized. In Chapter 5 this PTR-MS is described together with its use in monitoring emission of various compounds (aldehydes, alcohols, acids, esters and C-6 compounds) related to fermentation and to fruit aroma and flavour, released by four apple cultivars under short anaerobic and post-anaerobic conditions. Detection limits similar to those reported in the literature were achieved with this system. For the first time, a comparison between PTR-MS and laser photoacoustics was made in order to ensure that fragmentation processes occurring during the PTR-MS measurements do not disturb the assignment of the ion-signals to the neutral compounds of interest. Simultaneous monitoring of alcoholic fermentation products from young rice plants by both methods gave comparable results for acetaldehyde. The preliminary results show that application of PTR-MS detectors in fruit storage opens new possibilities for revealing the kinetics of metabolic processes relevant to storage conditions, fruit quality and basic physiology


The field of regional integration has showed few developments regarding the comparison and the definition of criteria to evaluate cases. A frequent procedure is apply in another processes the criteria developed to the European case. As the integration model adopted in Europe is not repeated elsewhere in the world, this procedure can only lead to the same conclusions, the assessment that there are problems in the another processes, that their prospects are bad and that some cases can not even be characterized as an integration process. Therefore, it is necessary to establish criteria that can be applied universally and that assess the processes by their level of institutionalization, like it has been developed and adopted in Political Science for democratic regimes and party systems. This is an urgent task for systematic and comparative research in the field of regional integration. To face this task, the paper proposes criteria that is able to measure the institutionalization in different areas of integration and indicators for each criterion. Moreover, it does a comprehensive selection of the dimensions of analysis, in order to not privilege certain sphere or model of integration. Then, the criteria is applied to CAN, MERCOSUR, UNASUR and EU, considering the European process as one of the case studies, and not as parameter for the analysis. The results confirm this perspective, since the EU, unlike the expected, does not show the higher level of institutionalization in all the dimensions.


Recently, Chlorindazone DS 1 has become an important analytical reagent for the detection of gunshot residues from newly introduced ammunition. A simplified synthesis of the precursor of the azo dye 1, 3-amino-6-chloroindazole (2), from commercially available 2,4-dichlorobenzonitrile (3a) has been described. The physical and spectroscopical properties of the known compounds 1 and 2 have been completed. 2-Chloro-4-hydrazinobenzonitrile (4a), 2-bromo-4-hydrazinobenzonitrile (4b) and a new azo dye, 1-(3′-chloro-4′-cyanobenzene-1′-ylazo)-2-hydroxynaphthalene-3,6-disulfonic acid, disodium salt (5), have been investigated.


We would like to thank Chen et al. for their interest and comments on our study,1 and we are pleased to discuss these issues. It is well known that the risk of urinary catheterrelated sideeffects such as urinary tract infections (UTIs), patient discomfort, and postoperative pain increases with the duration of indwelling catheterization.2,3 Furthermore, postoperative early removal of the urinary catheter is associated with faster recovery. Accordingly, health professionals should aim to remove the catheter as soon as possible after surgery, as long as there is no clinical indication. However, concerns about postoperative urinary retention (POUR) remain an impediment to early catheter removal. The occurrence of POUR varies in the literature, depending on the type of surgery, surgical approach and duration, as well as anesthesia technique. The timing of postoperative catheter removal therefore should be surgeryspecific. A few studies have shown that immediate catheter removal after an uncomplicated laparoscopic hysterectomy (LH) was feasible.3,4 Also, a survey conducted in The Netherlands revealed that 90% of surveyed nurses believed that catheter removal directly after LH was feasible,5 but the clinical evidence is limited. Previous metaanalyses comparing the immediate, intermediate (6 h postoperatively), and delayed (12 or 24 h postoperatively) removal of catheter after gynecologic surgery6,7 demonstrated that the intermediate group had fewer instances of POUR compared to the immediate group, and lower rates of UTI compared to the delayed group. They suggested, similarly to Chen et al., that 6 h after gynecologic surgery may be the appropriate timing for catheter removal. However, these studies in fact looked at gynecologic surgery in general, including abdominal, vaginal, and laparoscopic approaches, even including cesarean section, rather than at laparoscopic surgery specifically. In contrast, we sought to evaluate the feasibility of immediate catheter removal after laparoscopic surgery for benign gynecologic diseases in our metaanalysis. Patients in the immediate group had their catheter removed directly after surgery in all included studies, except for one study in which no catheter was used during surgery. Furthermore, we conducted a subgroup analysis based on the type of surgery (LH vs other surgery). Our analysis revealed that the risk of POUR with immediate removal did not increase compared to delayed removal after minor gynecologic surgery not involving LH (RR 0.48, 95% CI 0.14– 1.63), but increased, although not significantly, after LH (RR 5.52, 95% CI 0.69– 44.32) (as presented in Figure 3), probably reflecting different degrees of surgical trauma. On the other hand, immediate removal consistently reduced the rate of UTI and the time to mobilization. Based on these findings, we think that immediate catheter removal is feasible and beneficial for minor gynecologic laparoscopy not including LH, while for LH it may be more appropriate to remove the catheter several hours later, for example 4– 6 h after surgery, or to carefully monitor micturition if the catheter needs to be removed immediately. This is also in line with our own clinical experience. We agree with Chen et al. that operation time, even for minor surgery, may vary greatly. The surgery mentioned in our study refers to uncomplicated surgery, and does not include special circumstances such as prolonged surgical duration or surgical complications. In these cases, the timing of catheter removal should be individualized. Of course, we acknowledge our findings are inconclusive due to the limited number of included studies and insufficient evidence, especially for the outcomes with LH, as explicitly stated in our study.1 These limitations call for more welldesigned studies to define the proper timing of catheter removal after LH. Chen et al. provide their data regarding the comparison of early (within 6 h after surgery, n = 31) and standard catheter removal (within 12– 24 h after surgery, n = 34) after laparoscopic gynecologic surgery, adding to our understanding of the optimal timing of catheter removal after surgery. They found a higher rate of POUR (recatheterization) in the early group, but a higher rate of UTI in the standard group. However, these differences did not reach statistical significance, possibly due to a small sample. It is worth noting that their intervention group was different from ours, i.e. early (within 6 h after surgery) vs immediate (removed directly after surgery). Additionally, they did not distinguish the type of surgery. A higher proportion of LH is noted in their early group compared to the standard group (84% vs 68%), which may be one factor for the higher rate of POUR in their early group in addition to the timing of catheter removal. Our results are therefore, in general, consistent with their observations.


Oxidation-reduction reaction occurs between analgin and Fe3+,and Fe3+reacts with the chromogenic agent diantipyryl methane(DAM)to form complexes with wine-red color,thus making available indirect determination of analgin in 451nm with spectrophotometer.The effect of various factors on the chromogenic reaction is investigated in detail in this paper.The results show that the reaction is carried out at room temperature and the absorption of system is stable.Beer's law is obeyed in the analgin concentration range of 0—25μg/mL,and the linear regression equation isΔA=0.018 5ρ(μg/mL)+0.010 6with correlation coefficient R=0.998 3.According to the optimum condition of this experiment,the analysis method is studied for the determination of analgin in the metamizole sodium tablets and injection with satisfactory results,and the recovery rate is 100.2%—100.8%.


The Suifenhe Cable-Stayed Bridge is a single tower,single cable plane and tower-beam-pier consolidation bidge which is constructed by horizontal swivel-construction,the weight amounts to 14 000tons which is originated in China.The main content and method of the Suifenhe Cable-Stayed Bridge static load test are introduced.And the method of proportion of single measuring point value to various measuring point value is obtained by analyzing the measured data and this method is carried on comparison among various loading condition.It can effectively reduce the influence of environmental factor on measured data.The lateral rigidity of cable-stayed bridge with a single tower and single cable plane is big and the effect of transverse eccentric loading is not obvious.Using tower-beam-pier consolidation,the bridge is designed reasonably and construction quality is fine,the bridge rigidity and the bearing capacity satisfy the design requirements.The research result can provide the reference to similar bridge design and bridge text.


As viewed from cultivated land changes,the paper analyzed the regional disparity of grain production in Jiangsu Province since 1990.The results indicate that the shift from evenly regional self-support to highly spatial imbalance for Jiangsu's grain production,with the unvaried grain yield in the period of 1990~2009.Moving towards regional disparity,the decrease and altered use of cultivated land in South Jiangsu area cause its rapid grain shortage,whereas the intensive cultivation makes Central and North Jiangsu to be totally granary.With regional specialization in grain production,a scheme of cultivated land trade is then presented to balance the grain economy between the yielding and demanding areas,as well as to improve its production of both sides respectively for the regional food security.


To avoid direct discharge into the environment, road runoff waters are stored in retention basin for treatment. In this work we have studied the impact of these waste waters on algal compartment that are relevant indicators for studying ecosystem quality. Tests are based on metabolic activity monitoring on unicellular algae. In addition to standardized tests as global growth monitoring, more specific tests have been performed, as activity measurements of enzymes located on the external membrane of algae. Chlorophyll fluorescence has also been measured. The enzyme activities studied are alkaline phosphatise and esterases. The algal strain chosen for this study is Chlorella vulgaris. Samples come from a site located in the region of Douai. Tests have been performed on direct discharge samples and upstream and downstream samples. All tests have shown a disruption of algal compartment linked to the presence of the basin. In this work, metabolic tests have shown their advantages, notably very quick answers and thus can be considered as early warning sytems informing about disturbances in ecosystems.


China Coal Research Institute, Beijing 100013, China School of Energy and Mining Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China State Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education of China for High-efficient Mining and Safety of Metal Mines, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China School of Civil and Resources Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China China Coal Energy Research Institute Co., Ltd., Xi'an, Shaanxi 710054, China Tingnan Coal Industry Co., Ltd., Xianyang, Shanxi 713600, China Dongpang Coal Mine of Jizhong Energy Group, Zhongxing, Hebei 054000, China


Simple Summary Breathing patterns are commonly used to assess cattle health and welfare parameters such as stress, pain, and disease. Infrared thermography has recently been accepted as a non-invasive tool for breathing pattern measurement. In this study, we applied a computer vision method (Mask R-CNN) to infrared thermography and made it possible to automatically estimate the breathing pattern in cattle. Breathing patterns identified by computer vision were highly correlated with those measured through thermal image observation. As this method is not labor-intensive and can handle numerable big data, it might be possible to analyze breathing patterns from various angles in the future. Abstract Breathing patterns can be considered a vital sign providing health information. Infrared thermography is used to evaluate breathing patterns because it is non-invasive. Our study used not only sequence temperature data but also RGB images to gain breathing patterns in cattle. Mask R-CNN was used to detect the ROI (region of interest, nose) in the cattle RGB images. Mask segmentation from the ROI detection was applied to the corresponding temperature data. Finally, to visualize the breathing pattern, we calculated the temperature values in the ROI by averaging all temperature values in the ROI. The results in this study show 76% accuracy with Mask R-CNN in detecting cattle noses. With respect to the temperature calculation methods, the averaging method showed the most appropriate breathing pattern compared to other methods (maximum temperature in the ROI and integrating all temperature values in the ROI). Finally, we compared the breathing pattern from the averaging method and that from the thermal image observation and found them to be highly correlated (R2 = 0.91). This method is not labor-intensive, can handle big data, and is accurate. In addition, we expect that the characteristics of the method might enable the analysis of temperature data from various angles.


Generally the deadline of transaction is only considered in dealing with real-time transaction scheduling,but in many cases,scheduling method is directly related with data deadline.This paper analyzed in detail if different scheduling strategy could consider data deadline and thus induced the existed rule.Based on the overall run-time estimation of transaction,the author offered the transaction strategy aimed at data deadline and transaction deadline.


Multi-port power amplifier (MPA) based architecture is an effective approach to enable the flexible power allocation among the beams in multi-beam satellite communication systems. An ideal MPA is capable of amplifying multiple input signals simultaneously by a set of shared power amplifiers without mutual interference. However, in a practical MPA, the component imperfections reduce the port isolation, which introduces leakage or interference among the beams. Two calibration techniques are presented to compensate for the imperfections. One is a patented type-based technique, which exploits the uniqueness of the statistics for a given communication signal to estimate a calibration matrix that minimizes the effects of the MPA impairments and suppresses the cross-port interference. The other is the independent component analysis (ICA) based technique, which estimates the calibration matrix based on the assumption that the MPA input signals are independent of each other. Experimentation with a 4port 20 GHz MPA subsystem is conducted to evaluate the performance of the type-based calibration technique, while simulations are used to illustrate the performance of the ICA-based calibration technique. Index Terms – Multi-beam satellite communications; Multiport power amplifier; Calibration; Statistics; Probability density function; Independent components analysis.


Despite being an indispensable medium for life and the environment, the deterioration of water quality continues to be a matter of great concern for the scientific community since this problem has generated the need to develop processes for water treatment. Among the wide variety of types of contaminants, the presence of contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) has become an issue of global concern, since they are present in water in low concentrations and can persist in the environment, bioaccumulate and be toxic to human health and aquatic biota. Among CECs, this review focuses on pharmaceutical removal; what favorable effects they have on human and animal health are widely recognized, but the consequences or risks associated with the constant disposal of these products to the environment, through the manufacturing process, consumption, biological excretion or inappropriate disposal, are an area under constant study. The presence of pharmaceuticals in water represents a high risk to the environment because they contain active ingredients that were designed to induce specific pharmacological effects but, when dissolved in water, reach non-target populations and cause undesirable toxicological effects. This review pays attention to the photoelectrochemical removal of paracetamol (PTM), as a model molecule, from water, employing different photoactive materials (TiO2, BiVO4, ZnO and tungsten oxides) and the main parameters affecting their performance. The main goal of the present review is to facilitate future researchers to design their experiments concerning the PEC processes for the degradation of pharmaceuticals, specially PTM, and the existing limitations of each system.


Unicellular organisms make excellent material for the study of various cellular phenomena. Tctrah\nncna t/clcii, a colorless holotrichous ciliate, is an exceptionally desirable organism for such physiological studies, mainly because it is readily grown in rather simple, sterile organic media. This organism contains cytochromes c, b, a, and possibly a._, and its oxygen consumption is inhibited by cyanide and carbon monoxide (Baker and Baumberger, 1941). It grows well at ordinary oxygen tensions, but is most prolific in pure "oxygen (Pace and Ireland, 1945). It soon dies in oxygen tensions below 10 mm. Hg partial pressure. Many investigations have been carried out with Tetrahymena as the experimental organism. There is, however, much to be desired in respect to our knowledge concerning respiratory metabolism ; knowledge that may lead to a better understanding of the respiratory mechanisms of cells in general. Since very little is known concerning oxygen consumption, carbon dioxide elimination, and respiratory quotient in Tetrahymena, the following investigations were made.


We prove that the one-point Lindelöfication of a discrete space of cardinality ω1 is homeomorphic to a subspace of Cp(X) for some hereditarily Lindelöf space X if the axiom holds.


Significance: Quaternary ammonium salts 3 and 5 were prepared by cyclization reactions of 2-arylpyridines 1 or azobenzenes 4, respectively. The process occurs by N-directed ortho C–H bond activation of 1 by a cobalt catalyst, followed by oxidative annulation with alkyne 2. Substrates 1 and 4 with various electron-withdrawing groups or electron-donating groups (EDGs) were compatible with the optimized conditions. For compound 1, C–H activation occurred regioselectively at the less-hindered site of the aromatic rings, whereas for 4, the annulation occurred exclusively at the aryl ring bearing an EDG. Symmetrical aromatic alkynes and aliphatic alkynes 2 were well-tolerated as annulation partners. For the unsymmetrical alkynes 2, the reaction gave two regioisomeric salts in 65:35 ratio and 85% combined yield. Annulation of N-(4-methoxyphenylacetophenone)imine or 2vinylpyridine with 2 occurred smoothly to give the 1-methylisoquinolinium salt 6 (82% yield) and the quinolizinium salt 7 (80% yield), respectively. Comment: N-Heterocyclic quaternary ammonium salts, such as pyridoisoquinolinium 3, cinnolinium 5, or quinolizinium 7 salts, occur as core structures in many bioactive compounds, pharmaceuticals, and organic materials, and their syntheses are well known (see, for example: K. Muralirajan, C.-H. Cheng Chem. Eur. J. 2013, 19, 6198). The reported method involves a single-step atom-economical route from easily available starting materials, and proceeds with good regioselectivity. The reaction is derived from previous work (see reference above). A probable mechanism involving intermediates A, B, and C is proposed on the basis of deuterium-labeling experiments and previously reported results. When performed on a gram scale, the reaction gave a good yield (80%) of product 5a (R3 = R4 = Ph; R5 = R6 = H). The preparation of the N-heterocyclic addition product 8 from 7 demonstrates an application of the method. The photophysical properties of the cinnolinium salts 5 are also reported. R1 = H, 4-t-Bu, 4-OMe, 4-Ph, 4-F, 4-CF3, 3-Me, 2-Me R2 = H, Me; R3 = Ph, Me, Et, 4-FC6H4; R4 = Ph, Et, 4-FC6H4 1 (0.10 mmol)


Context: Herbal drugs are a mixture of active compounds and the chemical complexity of each formulation increase with the possibility of interactions between them and conventional drugs. Many mechanisms are implicated in the interactions; scientific community has dedicated the attentions to enzymes as P-gp and CYP450. Aims: To investigate in the literature the principal plants with suspicions of adverse reactions in Cuba and their potential interactions with conventional drugs. Methods: PubMed was the database used as source of information until February 2014. Key words: Herb-Drug, Drug-Plant, Herbal–Drug, Interactions with scientific names of plants was used. Information was structured and analysed with EndNote X4. Analysis and integration of the information: Allium sativum L. (garlic) was the plant with the high number of studies related with CYP450 and P-gp. Plants with great demand as Morinda citrifolia L. (noni), Psidium guajava L. (guayaba), Zingiber officinale Roscoe (ginger) and Eucalyptus spp. (eucalyptus) have a very small number of studies. The professionals of the health should keep in mind the possibility of interactions between herbal products and conventional drugs to increase the effectiveness of phytotherapy. Conclusions: It is necessary enhance reports and investigations and to put to disposition of the system of health information on the interactions of plants and to stimulate the investigation that offers information for the rational use of our medicinal plants.


1. In two-choice phonotaxis experiments female painted reed frogs (Hyperolius marmoratus) preferentially chose the stimulus with the greater sound pressure level (SPL) at source when all other call parameters were identical. 2. However, this preference was not apparent when we increased the distance of the louder stimulus from the female such that the SPL of the two stimuli at the release point was equivalent. This suggests that females simply move up sound gradients ('passive attraction'). 3. Female choice of the loudest stimulus was also affected by the number of speakers. 4. There were significantly fewer responses to the loudest speaker in some four-choice compared to matched two-choice phonotaxis experiments. 5. Together these experimental results may partially account for the absence of a large male mating advantage in the field.


The design uses ZigBee wireless networking chips to connect each street light, ZigBee coordinator of the sub-control center responsible for the formation and maintenance of street lights subnet. The ZigBee coordinator collects all streetlights information and sents to the main control center via GSM module. The main control center sends control commands to the sub-control center via GSM module, and then to each street light controller. It is low-cost, easy to install and maintain.


▪ ABSTRACT: This paper resumes the debate over the prevalence of the drift factor, considered as strictly internal, or the contact factor, considered as strictly external in the constitution of Brazilian Portuguese. On the empirical level, it focuses on the contact with Bantu languages. On the theoretical level, the resumption favors the epistemological bases of cognitive linguistics, where the adequacy of two new branches is under discussion: a cognitive contact linguistics and a cognitive sociolinguistics. This paper recapitulates the association between contact and creolization in order to dissociate them; it rejects the thesis that contact is restrict to lexical influence, with a view to associating the drift/contact dichotomy to the lexicon/ grammar dichotomy; and it proposes a contact hypothesis based on domain-general processes. Reformulating the debate in these terms leads to the conclusion that contact motivates compatibilization among conceptualizations, for the matter being of cognition contact, not language contact. languages (especially, Bantu languages). What we are calling effect outlines, in general, two different situations: (a) transfer of sentence patterns and morphosyntactic properties from the African languages to the Portuguese acquired as a second language by the Africans, and (b) properties triggered by Africans' difficulty in reproducing the features of the target-language (Portuguese, in this case) during acquisition. 23


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Agarwood is a highly valuable product which can be used in fragrances and as traditional medicines,and its supply from wild sources is far less than market demand. The fact of over-harvesting the wild tree of Aquilaria and agarwood formation occuring naturally for ten or hundred years, agarwood has led to the depletion of wild trees. The artificial agarwood-induction technology becomes an inevitable course. The paper reviewed the advances in mechanism, artificial agarwood-induction technology and the chemical constituents produced by different artificial garwood-induction technology to provide scientific basis for efficient artificial agarwood-induction.


Objective
To investigate the effects of proteasome inhibitor MG132 on memory acquisition and memory retrieval in one-trail passive avoidance for mice.

Methods
MG132 (25 mg/kg) was administrated at different time points to analyze the time-dependent effects of MG132 on hippocampus proteasome activity. MG132 (25 mg/kg) was administrated 3 hours before-training or 1.5 hours pre-test to investigate the effect on memory acquisition and retrieval. The interaction of low dose (12 mg/kg) of MG132 and novelty interference on memory retrieval to studied.

Results
Hippocampus proteasome activity was significantly blocked when MG132 (25 mg/kg) was administrated 0.5-1.5 hours before analysis. The inhibition recovered as time passing and backed to normal state 24 hours later.A significant difference was showed between vehicle and pre-training, pre-test group(pre-training vehicle (296.03±3.97)s, pre-training (173.30±47.51)s; pre-test vehicle (199.23±43.01)s, pre-test (44.10±11.16)s). Proteasome inhibitor did not produce a significant effect on memory retrieval (vehicle (174.19±30.54)s, lower dose (174.19±30.54)s), then only together with a novelty task the retrieval was significantly altered(vehicle (164.02±35.26)s, MG132+ novelty group (84.70±23.92)s).

Conclusion
Proteasome inhibitor MG132 can inhibit memory acquisition and memory retrieval. Thereby the effect on memory retrieval is enhanced by novelty. Thus, a physiological proteasome activity is essential for learning abilities.

Key words:
Memory acquisition; Memory retrieval; Ubquitin-proteasome system; MG132; One-trial passive avoidance


In this paper we investigate Uluda g's method for constructing new curves whose fundamental groups are central extensions of the funda- mental group of the original curve by nite cyclic groups. In the rst part, we give some generalizations to his method in order to get new families of curves with controlled fundamental groups. In the second part, we discuss some properties of groups which are preserved by these methods. Afterwards, we describe precisely the families of curves which can be obtained by applying the generalized methods to several types of plane curves. We also give an application of the general methods for constructing new Zariski pairs. AMS Classication 14H30; 20E22,20F16,20F18


With the specification in the development of teacher's vocation,vocational accession becomes the basic standard and requirement.To establish a sound system of vocational accession is the inevitable requirement for the development of education and its undertakers.The application of such system will contribute to the enhancement of teacher's quality and the standardized administration to teachers.This paper,based on the analysis of teacher's professional development and the problems under the current authentication system of teacher's certification,makes a probe into the further standardization of the authentication of teacher's certification.


Integral expressions for the reflectance and transmittance spectra of the structure consisted of two thin layers deposited on opposite faces of a plane-parallel substrate at oblique illumination of the structure with partially coherent light are obtained. As a result of the asymptotic analysis of the integrals, approximate analytical formulae are established for calculating the indicated spectra, convenient for use in solving inverse spectrophotometry problems. An aluminum doped zinc oxide layer deposited on a glass substrate is studied. The spectra of the refractive index and absorption coefficient of the layer and the substrate, as well as the thickness of the layer, are determined by processing the reflectance and transmission spectra of the structure, measured for s- and p- polarized waves at two angles of light incidence. The found parameters are used in computational experiments to estimate the applicability limits of the formulated approximations.


Critics know little about Ted Hughes' outlook on violence,and they tend to study his poems from only one perspective.In addition,they have not attempted to find out the reason for his persistent writing of violence.Consequently,it is impossible to make a comprehensive and objective evaluation of his nature poems.Only when we know Hughes' outlook on violence and the reason for his persistent writing of violence in his nature poems,and study his poems both from human perspective and nature perspective,can we have better understanding of Hughes' nature poems,and meanwhile,can we know his never-ending effort,sense the rich implication of his poems,and feel the strong humanistic concern in them.


Observations increasingly demonstrate the spatial association of high redshift objects with larger, low redshift galaxies. These companion objects show a continuous range of physical properties - from very compact, high redshift quasars, through smaller active galaxies and finally to only slightly smaller companion galaxies of slightly higher redshift. The shift in energy distribution from high to low makes it clear that are seeing an empirical evolution from newly created to older, more normal galaxies. In order to account for the evolution of intrinsic redshift we must conclude that matter is initially born with low mass particles whose mass increase with time (age). This requires a physics which is nonlocal (Machian) and which is therefore more applicable to the cosmos than the Big Bang extrapolation of local physics. Ambartsumian's "superfluid" foresaw some of the properties of the new, low particle mass, protogalactic plasma which is required, demonstrating again the age-old lesson that open minded observation is much more powerful than theoretical assumptions. Since the ejected plasma, which preferentially emerges along the minor axis of the parent galaxy, develops into an entire galaxy, accretion disks cannot supply sufficient material. New matter must be created within a "white hole" rather than bouncing old matter off a "black hole".