Feminist approaches to the ethics of abortion have in places been quite critical of the methodology employed by mainstream philosophical treatments of the abortion problem. In particular, they impugn the latter's reliance on abstract theorising and general principles, advising that only a focus on the particular and concrete details of real-life ethical problems such as abortion can direct us toward the moral truth of the matter. This article attempts to defend so-called traditional abortion ethics from such criticisms. More fully, it sets out to explain and vindicate the aim of mainstream abortion ethics to discern and apply more general moral principles to the particular case of abortion, as well as the centrality of foetal moral status to many of those accounts. It also works toward showing that mainstream and feminist ethical treatments of abortion are more aligned in both their methods and their claims than might first appear.


Oral consumption of re-esterfied omega-3 fatty acids once daily for 12 weeks is "an effective treatment for dry eye disease," said Eric D. Donnenfeld, MD.


s Abstracts of the 8th meeting of the Italian Peripheral Nerve Study Group, 2003;8:29 Neuropathy abstracts, 2003;8:128 6th Diabetic Neuropathy Satellite Symposium of the 18th International Diabetes Federation Congress in conjunction with the Annual Meeting of the Diabetic Neuropathy Study Group of the EASE (NEURODIAB XIII), 2003;8:169 Allograft; see Transplantation, homologous Animal models Acute glucose deprivation leads to apoptosis in a cell model of acute diabetic neuropathy (Honma et al), 2003;8:65 Effects of FK506 on regeneration and macrophages in injured rat sciatic nerve (Kvist et al), 2003;8:251 Influence of testosterone on the electrical properties of scrotal nerves at the cutaneous and spinal levels in the male rat (Manzo et al), 2003;8:75 Regeneration and functional recovery in the upper extremity of rats after various types of nerve injuries (Bontioti et al), 2003;8:159 Repair of ventral root avulsion using autologous nerve grafts in cats (Holtzer et al), 2003;8:17 Anti-GQ1b antibody The relation of clinical symptoms and anti-ganglioside antibodies to MEPPs frequency increase in 8 cases of variant type Guillain–Barré syndrome (Kishi et al), 2003;8:82 Antibodies Antibodies to myelin-associated glycoprotein accelerate preferential motor reinnervation (Mears et al), 2003;8:91 The relation of clinical symptoms and anti-ganglioside antibodies to MEPPs frequency increase in 8 cases of variant type Guillain–Barré syndrome (Kishi et al), 2003;8:82 Apoptosis Acute glucose deprivation leads to apoptosis in a cell model of acute diabetic neuropathy (Honma et al), 2003;8:65 Avulsions Repair of ventral root avulsion using autologous nerve grafts in cats (Holtzer et al), 2003;8:17 Axon Crow–Fukase (POEMS) syndrome: a study of peripheral nerve biopsy in five new cases (Vital et al), 2003;8:136 (Case rep.) Experimental strategies to promote functional recovery after peripheral nerve injuries (Gordon et al), 2003;8:236 (Lecture) Letter to the editor (Zochodne) (Letter); (Bajrović et al) (Reply), 2003;8:59 Axonal regeneration Evidence for impaired axonal regeneration in PMP22 duplication: studies in nerve xenografts (Sahenk et al), 2003;8:116 Brachial plexus Regeneration and functional recovery in the upper extremity of rats after various types of nerve injuries (Bontioti et al), 2003;8:159 Brucellosis Paraplegia associated with brucellosis involving the anterior lumbrosacral nerve roots (Ulas et al), 2003;8:8 Selective contrast enhancement of anterior spinal nerve roots on magnetic resonance imaging: a suggestive sign of Guillain–Barré syndrome and neurobrucellosis (Berciano and Pascual), 2003;8:135 (Letter) C-terminal flanking peptide of neuropeptide Y Regeneration and functional recovery in the upper extremity of rats after various types of nerve injuries (Bontioti et al), 2003;8:159 Calcium Mechanism of mitochondrial dysfunction in diabetic sensory neuropathy (Fernyhough et al), 2003;8:227 Carpal tunnel syndrome Carpal tunnel syndrome and oral contraceptive drugs: risk or protective factor? (Albani et al), 2003;8:207 (Letter) Case reports Crow–Fukase (POEMS) syndrome: a study of peripheral nerve biopsy in five new cases (Vital et al), 2003;8:136 Resolution of chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy-associated central nervous system lesions after treatment with intravenous immunoglobulin (Fee and Fleming), 2003;8:155 Cats Repair of ventral root avulsion using autologous nerve grafts in cats (Holtzer et al), 2003;8:17 Cell model Journal of the Peripheral Nervous System 8:287–294 (2003) 2003 Peripheral Nerve Society, Inc. 287 Acute glucose deprivation leads to apoptosis in a cell model of acute diabetic neuropathy (Honma et al), 2003;8:65 Central nervous system lesions Resolution of chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy-associated central nervous system lesions after treatment with intravenous immunoglobulin (Fee and Fleming), 2003;8:155 (Case rep.) Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease Evidence for impaired axonal regeneration in PMP22 duplication: studies in nerve xenografts (Sahenk et al), 2003;8:116 Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (Berger et al), 2003;8:281 (Special art.) Pathological findings in a patient with ventilatory failure and chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (Kimber et al), 2003;8:13 Resolution of chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy-associated central nervous system lesions after treatment with intravenous immunoglobulin (Fee and Fleming), 2003;8:155 (Case rep.) Severe chronic sensory-motor polyneuropathy: coexistence of 3 unrelated etiologies in a type 1 diabetic patient. A case report and review of the literature (Micco et al), 2003;8:23 Colloidal gold; see Gold colloid Conditioning lesion Regeneration and functional recovery in the upper extremity of rats after various types of nerve injuries (Bontioti et al), 2003;8:159 Contrast material Selective contrast enhancement of anterior spinal nerve roots on magnetic resonance imaging: a suggestive sign of Guillain–Barré syndrome and neurobrucellosis (Berciano and Pascual), 2003;8:135 (Letter) Corrections Identification of novel sequence variants in the neurofilament-light gene in a Japanese population: analysis of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease patients and normal individuals (Yoshihara et al) (2002;7:221), 2003;8:134 Correspondence Carpal tunnel syndrome and oral contraceptive drugs: risk or protective factor? (Albani et al), 2003;8:207 (Letter) Letter to the editor (Zochodne) (Letter); (Bajrović et al) (Reply), 2003;8:59 Selective contrast enhancement of anterior spinal nerve roots on magnetic resonance imaging: a suggestive sign of Guillain–Barré syndrome and neurobrucellosis (Berciano and Pascual), 2003;8:135 (Letter) Cortical plasticity Nerve injury and repair—a challenge to the plastic brain (Lundborg), 2003;8:209 (Lecture) CPON Regeneration and functional recovery in the upper extremity of rats after various types of nerve injuries (Bontioti et al), 2003;8:159 Crow–Fukase syndrome Crow–Fukase (POEMS) syndrome: a study of peripheral nerve biopsy in five new cases (Vital et al), 2003;8:136 (Case rep.) Demyelinating diseases Crow–Fukase (POEMS) syndrome: a study of peripheral nerve biopsy in five new cases (Vital et al), 2003;8:136 (Case rep.) Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (Berger et al), 2003;8:281 (Special art.) Pathological findings in a patient with ventilatory failure and chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (Kimber et al), 2003;8:13 Resolution of chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy-associated central nervous system lesions after treatment with intravenous immunoglobulin (Fee and Fleming), 2003;8:155 (Case rep.) Severe chronic sensory-motor polyneuropathy: coexistence of 3 unrelated etiologies in a type 1 diabetic patient. A case report and review of the literature (Micco et al), 2003;8:23 Diabetes mellitus Digital electron microscopic examination of human sural nerve biopsies (Sullivan et al), 2003;8:259 Severe chronic sensory-motor polyneuropathy: coexistence of 3 unrelated etiologies in a type 1 diabetic patient. A case report and review of the literature (Micco et al), 2003;8:23 Diabetic neuropathy Acute glucose deprivation leads to apoptosis in a cell model of acute diabetic neuropathy (Honma et al), 2003;8:65 Mechanism of mitochondrial dysfunction in diabetic sensory neuropathy (Fernyhough et al), 2003;8:227 Diagnostic imaging Digital electron microscopic examination of human sural nerve biopsies (Sullivan et al), 2003;8:259 Digital imaging Digital electron microscopic examination of human sural nerve biopsies (Sullivan et al), 2003;8:259 Subject Index Journal of the Peripheral Nervous System 8:287–294 (2003)


We provide an explicit formula for all primary genus-zero $r$-spin invariants. Our formula is piecewise polynomial in the monodromies at each marked point and in $r$. To deduce the structure of these invariants, we use a tropical realization of the corresponding cohomological field theories.


Abstract In this note we observe two consequences of Brunei's recent theorem. If T1,..., Tn are majorized by positive power-bounded operators S1,..., Sn of Lp, 1 < p < ∞, for which the ergodic theorem holds, then a multiple sequence ergodic theorem holds for T1,....,Tn . Further, the individual convergence for each Tk can be taken along uniform sequences.


The Water Experimental Circuit (CEA) was built in IPEN in eighties and had the aim to perform thermal hydraulic experiments, simulating operational condition of Pressurized Water Reactors and Boiling Water Reactors. The CEA operated until 1984 and since then it was decommissioned. In order to do hydrodynamics tests in MTR fuel type elements of nuclear research reactor, in the years 2015, was conceived an experimental circuit named Orquidea, which shall operate with low pressure and temperature. This paper assess the mechanical and structural suitability of the Pressurizer V-102, that was used in the former Water Experimental Circuit (CEA) aiming reuse this vessel in new the circuit. The methodology applied to evaluate the vessel was based on ASME code, Section VIII, Division 1 & 2.


Obesity is considered an epidemic disease. It is a risk factor for diabetes mellitus type 2 and some other metabolic and neoplastic disorders. The national and worldwide prevalence of obesity at high altitude and the relation between obesity and chronic and acute hypoxia at high altitude are revised.


Background: Investigations were carried out to record the spreading frequency of seven known endosymbionts specifically Portiera, Cardinium, Rickettsia, Fritschea, Wolbachia, Hamiltonella and Arsenophonus between the field populations of Bemisia tabaci collected from two host plants, viz. brinjal (Solanum melongena) and tomato (S. lycopersicum). Methods: Individual flies from each host were scanned for symbiotic bacterial infection with specific primers amplifying the 16S rRNA gene of Portiera, Cardinium, Hamiltonella, Rickettsia and Wolbachia, and the 23S rRNA gene of Arsenophonus and Fritschea. Findings: The primary endosymbiont, Portiera aleyrodidarum remained present in the samples of B. tabaci on both host plants brinjal and tomato but a variation was observed in the distribution frequency of secondary endosymbionts. Application: This irregular distribution of secondary endosymbionts strengthens the hypothesis that each endosymbiotic bacterium not only has a role in the survival but may also have a part in the polyphagus nature of B. tabaci.


Antioxidant modification for C/C composites by in situ hydrothermal synthesise at 140 °C of a 4ZnO·B2O3·H2O crystallite coating has been successfully achieved. The influence of hydrothermal time on the phase composition, microstructure of the as-prepared Zn4B2O7·H2O (4ZnO·B2O3·H2O), and its antioxidant modification for C/C composites were investigated. Samples were characterised by XRD, SEM, isothermal oxidation test and TG-DSC. Results show that, 4ZnO·B2O3·H2O crystalline coating is achieved on the surface of C/C composites after the hydrothermal treatment at 140 °C for time in the range of 2–12 h. A smooth and crack-free 4ZnO·B2O3·H2O layer can be obtained when the hydrothermal time reaches 8 h. Isothermal oxidation test demonstrates that the oxidation resistance of C/C composites is improved. The as-modified composites exhibit only 1.52 g·cm−2 weight loss after oxidation at 600 °C for 15 h, while the non-modified one shows a 6.57 g·cm−2 weight loss after only 10 h oxidation. For the uncoated C/C composite the oxidation rate is approximately linear with time (non-protective oxidation), thus at 15 h exposure one can estimate the mass loss to be 6.57 g·cm−2 after 10 h for direct comparison with the coated samples.


In this paper we present new, dual approach to analysis and simulation of a complex nonlinear ecological system of preys and predators, using classic nonlinear dynamic LotkaVolterra mathematical model (LVM) in parallel with an Agent Based model (ABM), using model attributes description of the system. We propose to implement this dual approach using "mathematical" approach together with an "agent based" approach using appropriate modeling environments, such as Matlab and NetLogo. As the system models become more complex we aim at using both LVM and AMB to reinforce each other and check each other findings. This way the validity of the model and its usefulness would be greatly increased, and some long standing ecological paradoxes may be explained and


Biofuels from Biomass are meant to decrease significantly dependence on fossil oil and reduce the environmental influences in energy use. Fusel oil one of biofuel that composed of a mixture of alcohols. Fusel oil obtained by-product during fermentation of agricultural products such as beet, cone, sweet molasses, grains, potatoes. According to the high research and motor octane rating also a high density of fusel oil compared with other fuels maybe it will get an essential place in the alternative. The main objective of this study was to determine the impacts of moisture on performance and emissions characteristics of a four-cylinder engine running with fusel oil-gasoline blends. The experiments were performed on spark ignition engine under 4500rpm engine speed, different engine loads and the different blending ratio of gasoline-fusel oil (G100, FBWE20, and FAWE20).
In addition, the effects of test fuels upon brake power, brake thermal efficiency, brake specific
fuel consumption, maximum in-cylinder pressure, and emissions (nitrogen oxide NOx, hydrocarbon HC, carbon monoxide CO, and carbon dioxide CO2) were examined. The heating value of fusel oil after water extracted (FAWE) become 33.8 MJ/kg that improved by 13% compared with original one (FBWE) 29.9 MJ/kg. Mostly at all blending of fusel oil–gasoline the brake power is slightly increased than that of gasoline. Also, the brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC) and thermal efficiency improved by reduced the water content of fuel oil. Furthermore, the NOx emission decreased with fusel oil-gasoline blends compared with pure gasoline at all engine loads. However, HC, CO, and CO2 emissions increased with fusel oil-gasoline blends. In general, the higher oxygen content and octane number of fusel oil with reducing water content led to improving the engine performance and NOx emission.


Background: Since antibiotic resistance of uropathogens has gradually been rising, knowledge of antimicrobial resistance pattern of Escherichia coli (Esch. coli), the predominant  pathogen of urinary tract infection (UTI), is important in selecting empirical antimicrobial  therapy. Objectives: To find out the common organisms causing UTI with their antimicrobial  susceptibility pattern in Enam Medical College Hospital. Materials and Methods: This study  was carried out in the department of Microbiology, Enam Medical College Hospital, Savar,  Dhaka between January 2010 to June 2011 to see the antimicrobial resistance pattern of Esch.  coli in urine sample. A total of 512 urine samples were studied from clinically suspected UTI  cases irrespective of age and sex. Esch. coli were isolated and antibiogram of the isolates were  done. Results: The results of antibiogram revealed the resistance pattern of the isolated Esch. coli to ampicillin (93.94%), cefradine (70.71%), trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (48.49%),  azithromycin (41.42%), ciprofloxacin (39.40%), ceftazidime (35.56%), nitrofurantoin  (29.30%), ceftriaxone (10.11%), gentamicin (7.08%) and imipenem (3.04%). Conclusion: It  can be inferred that our findings will render useful information to clinicians in determining the  appropriately directed antimicrobial regimen when given empirically. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jemc.v1i2.11463 J Enam Med Col 2011; 1(2): 60-62


Abstract : Ionization in a flame at present has acquired important value in many applications of the process of combustion, mainly in connection with the obtaining of electrical energy with the help of the magnetohydrodynamic method. The authors examine only processes of combustion of progressive temperatures of the molecules which do not exceed 4000K. In these cases the generation of electrons, apparently, is determined by the processes of chemical ionization, by direct and stepped ionization by electron impact.


The recent data for Bose-Einstein Correlations (BEC) of three-charged particles obtained by NA44 Collaboration have been analysed using theoretical formula with Coulomb wave functions. It has been recently proposed by Alt et al. It turns out that there are discrepancies between these data and the respective theoretical values. To resolve this problem we seek a possibly improved theoretical formulation of this problem by introducing the degree of coherence for the exchange effect due to the BEC between twoidentical bosons. As a result we obtain an improved formulation for the BEC of three-charged particles showing a good agreement with the experimental data of NA44 Collaboration. This indicates that the interaction region in the S+Pb collisions at 200 GeV/c per nucleon is equal to about 1.5 fm. K2y zvo7'tls : Bose-Einstein Correlation, three-charged particles, Coulomb wave functions, high energy heavy-ion collisions


Actively utilizing the binding between core depending on the form of the multi-core fiber corresponding to the operation mode of the "binding system" mode division multiplexing using a multi-core fiber accommodating a plurality of cores of the single mode in one optical fiber carry out the transmission. Multicore fiber according to the present invention, a structure to perform mode multiplexing transmission by using the multi-core fiber accommodating a plurality of cores of the single mode in one optical fiber, intentionally strongly binding a plurality of cores, each the coupled mode to form a coupled system multicore fiber is one-to-one correspondence to the transmission channel.


The creative process has a unique universality about it. Nobody can create anything out of nothingness. The great body of literature created till date relates itself not only to man, but to his social movements as well, which underlines the fact that creation is man-centric and man is society-specific. No text can be expected to yield its meaning if it is torn from its reality and interpreted in an arbitrary manner by a proactive reader. The fact is that the creator is as much a by-product of his circumstances as is the reader; and then, the text which passes from generation to generation also develops its own distinct existence independent of the creator or the reader. All this makes a text a complex unyielding entity which poses a formidable challenge to the literary world, on one side of which is the creator, and on the other end, the reader.


In this study, we aim to develop the extended SIR model of epidemiology linked with the high-frequency multi-sector econometric model in order to investigate the impact of epidemic dynamics on the Japanese economy in Japan. Our approach features three aspects. The first one is that as for our epidemic model, we develop two time-varying parameters, namely an infection rate and a recovery/remote rate, which are crucial parameters in the conventional SIR model. Besides, these parameters are endogenized in our extended SIR model linked to the multi-sector econometric model, enabling to better understand the mechanism that infection and recovery rates increase or decrease as well as capture the changes of the epidemic behavior timely. The third one is that we construct the monthly econometric model that is composed of multi-sector industries. Our approach allows us to timely and exactly grasp the status of Japanese economy in respond to COVID-19 epidemic. By using our model, we prepared three scenarios to reassess the impact of the first state of emergency on the Japanese economy and the infection. The results of scenario simulation suggest that although the state of emergency measures has a certain effect on suppressing the increase in the number of infected people, the measure relying only on "self-restraint" has limited effects.


The problem existed in many supervision and test for the thickness of protection layer for steel bar in engineering structure body are approached and some suggestion are proposed in this paper.


THIS BIBLIOGRAPHY CONSISTS of 50 English-language references chosen by the Autologous Transfusion Committee of the American Association of Blood Banks from a literature review of over 430 articles pertaining to autologous blood that were published during 1989 and 1990. These articles were selected by the committee because they reported or reviewed important advances or controversies in the field. Under each topic heading, articles are listed in alphabetical order by first author.


Multi-hop Relay networks are proposed to fulfill the demanding coverage and capacity requirements for current applications in a cost efficient way. It can be used in IMT-Advanced technologies such as 3GPP LTEAdvanced. In this paper, Resource Blocks (RBs) proposed scheduling scheme is considered for zero multi-hop links overflow in Uplink LTE-Advanced. Then based on this scheduling scheme and other network assumptions the Optimum Relay Station (RS) placement in the cell was estimated using nonlinear optimization problem in order to improve LTE-A Uplink performance. The average throughput, Throughput gain, and Mean File Transfer Time (MFTT) are considered as performance measures. The study takes into consideration the impact of Asymmetry between multi-hop links, the effect of different arrival rates from random positions of UEs in the cell. Adaptive MIMO, Modulations, and Coding Switching (AMMCS) scheme is used to maximize network throughput with low bit error rate (BER). Simulation results show effective improvement in uplink network performance using the proposed scheduling scheme and AMMCS with RS at optimum location in the cell.


Recently, the inhibiting effects of a clinically approved drug Cepharanthine on severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) have attracted widespread attention and discussion. However, the public does not understand the relevant research progress very well. This paper aims to introduce a brief history of studies on the effects of cepharanthine against SARS‐CoV‐2, including "discovery of anti‐SARS‐CoV‐2 activity of cepharanthine in vitro", "potential mechanisms of cepharanthine against SARS‐CoV‐2", "confirmation of cepharanthine's anti‐SARS‐CoV‐2 activity in vivo", "potential approaches for improving the druggability of cepharanthine" and "clinical trials of cepharanthine treating SARS‐CoV‐2 infection". Taken together, cepharanthine is believed to be a promising old drug for coronavirus disease‐19 (COVID‐19) therapy.


It has been demonstrated in the literature that saturation in electrical machines leads to a flux linkage between orthogonal axis windings. Hence this magnetic coupling should be included in the mathematical model for the (small-signal) dynamic analysis of saturated machines. While in smooth air-gap machines the resulting incremental mutual inductances must be equal because of symmetry, in salient-pole-type machines the assumed saturation models do not settle the question whether the reciprocity property, which is well-known for linear inductors, is still valid for these saturated mutual inductances. It is shown that the reciprocity property can be extended to these cases, provided the losses are either negligible or modeled separately, as is usual in machine analysis. As a corollary, a condition is derived for the self-inductances of the orthogonal windings so that the total magnetizing current can be used to characterize the saturation level in both axes. >


The bromine oxo-anions BrOx–(x= 1–4) have been studied by vibrational and multinuclear n.m.r. spectroscopy and bromine K-edge extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) measurements. Raman and/or i.r. data for BrO– and BrO2– are presented, and conflicts in the literature for the latter resolved. Oxygen-17 n.m.r. data for the halogen oxo-anions have been recorded, and an increase in δ(17O) with formal oxidation state of the halogen noted. Coupling to the halogen nucleus has been observed for ClO4–, 1J(35/37Cl–17O)= 85, and for BrO4–, 1J(79/81Br–17O)= 420Hz, but could not be resolved for IO4–. The 81Br n.m.r. resonance of BrO4–(δ= 2 476) and the 127I resonance of IO4–(δ= 4 090 p.p.m.) are reported. Bromine K-edge EXAFS data are presented for all four ions in solution, and for all but BrO– in the solid state, and differences in bond lengths between solid state and solution found to be within experimental error. Bond lengths obtained are: BrO4– 1.61, BrO3– 1.65, BrO2– 1.72, and BrO– 1.81 A. This is the first bond length reported for the hypobromite ion.


Purpose: PR (PRDI-BF1and RIZ) domain proteins (PRDM) are a subfamily of the kruppel-like zinc finger gene products that play key roles during cell differentiation and malignant transformation.The aimof the present studywas tobegin to examine the involvement of epigenetic alteration of PRDMexpression in gastric and colorectal cancer. Experimental Design:We used real-time PCR to assess expression of PRDM1-17. In addition, we used bisulfite PCR to assess DNA methylation and chromatin immunoprecipitation to assess histone modification in colorectal and gastric cancer cell lines lacking PRDM5 expression. Results:Among the17 PRDM family genes tested, we found that PRDM5 is themost frequently silenced in colorectal and gastric cancer cell lines. Silencing of PRDM5 was mediated by either DNA methylation or trimethylation of Lys of histone H3. Introduction of PRDM5 into cancer cells suppressed cell growth, suggesting that it acts as a tumor suppressor in gastrointestinal cancers. Methylation of PRDM5 was detected in 6.6% (4 of 61) of primary colorectal and 50.0% (39 of 78) of primary gastric cancers but not in noncancerous tissue samples collected from areas adjacent to the tumors. Conclusions: Our data suggest that epigenetic alteration of PRDM5 (e.g., methylation of its 5¶-CpG island or trimethylation of Lys of histone H3) likely plays a key role in the progression of gastrointestinal cancers and may be a useful molecular marker. Epigenetic inactivation of tumor suppressor genes is frequently associated with the development and progression of human cancers (1, 2). One such epigenetic change is cytosine methylation, which leads to recruitment of transcriptional repressors and chromatin modification. During the development and progression of gastrointestinal cancer, genes involved in cell cycle regulation (3, 4), apoptosis (5, 6), DNA repair (7, 8), immune function (9), and signal transduction (10–12) are all silenced by aberrant methylation of the 5¶-regions of CpG islands. Recent studies also have shown that gene silencing by DNA methylation is linked to histone modification. For example, deacetylation of histones H3 and H4 and dimethylation of lysine (K) 9 residues of histone H3 play important roles in DNA methylation–mediated gene silencing (13–15). Another histone modification involved in gene silencing is methylation of Lys of histone H3 (H3K27). This reaction is often catalyzed by the histone methyltransferase EZH2 (16), overexpression of which has been linked to various cancers, including cancers of the prostate, breast, and stomach (17–19). Little is known about the role of H3K27 methylation in cancerrelated gene silencing, however. PR (PRDI-BF1 and RIZ) domain proteins (PRDM) are a subfamily of the kruppel-like zinc finger gene products and play key roles during cell differentiation and malignant transformation. PRDM1/BLIMP1 was originally identified as a transcript that was rapidly induced during the differentiation of B lymphocytes into immunoglobulin secretory cells; its expression is characteristic of late B and plasma cell lines (20, 21), and it is mutated in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (22). PRDM2/RIZ1 has histone methyltransferase activity (23), and its aberrant methylation has been reported in various types of cancers (24, 25). PRDM3/EVI1 and PRDM16/MEL1 are associated with translocation in hematopoietic malignancies Human Cancer Biology Authors' Affiliations: Department of Molecular Biology, Cancer Research Institute, First Department of Internal Medicine, Department of Public Health, and Department of Oral Surgery, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan; Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan; PRESTO, JST, Japan, Kawaguchi, Japan; and Division of Molecular Oncology, Aichi Cancer Center, Nagoya, Japan Received 2/7/07; revised 5/8/07; accepted 5/23/07. Grant support: Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Priority Areas from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, andTechnology (M.Toyota, K. Imai, and T. Tokino) and a Grant-in-Aid for theThird-term Cancer Control Strategy and Grant-in-Aid for Cancer Research from the Ministry of Health, Labor, andWelfare, Japan (M.Toyota). The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges.This article must therefore be hereby marked advertisement in accordance with18 U.S.C. Section1734 solely to indicate this fact. Note: Supplementary data for this article are available at Clinical Cancer Research Online (http://clincancerres.aacrjournals.org/). Requests for reprints: MinoruToyota, First Department of Internal Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, South 1,West 16, Chuo-ku, Sapporo 060-8543, Japan. Phone: 81-11-611-2111, ext. 3211; Fax: 81-11-618-3313; E-mail: mtoyota@ sapmed.ac.jp. F2007 American Association for Cancer Research. doi:10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-07-0305 www.aacrjournals.org Clin Cancer Res 2007;13(16) August15, 2007 4786 Research. on August 3, 2017. © 2007 American Association for Cancer clincancerres.aacrjournals.org Downloaded from (26, 27), and aberrant methylation and silencing of PRDM5 have been detected in both breast and liver tumors (28). In the present study, therefore, we used quantitative realtime PCR to examine the expression profile of 17 PRDM family genes in panels of gastric and colorectal cancer cell lines and primary cancer specimens. Taken together, our results suggest that epigenetic silencing of PRDM5 is a frequent event in gastrointestinal cancer, particularly in gastric cancer, and could be a useful molecular target for diagnosis and therapy. Materials andMethods Cell line and specimens. Eight colorectal (CaCo2, RKO, SW48, DLD1, LoVo, Colo320, HT29, and SW480) and six gastric cancer cell lines (MKN7, MKN45, MKN74, AZ521, NUGC4, and SNU638) were obtained from the Japanese Collection of Research Bioresources or the American Type Culture Collection. In addition, samples of 61 primary colorectal and 78 primary gastric cancers and 44 samples of stomach mucosa collected from areas adjacent to tumors were obtained from the Department of Surgery, Sapporo Keiyukai Hospital and the Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine Hospital after acquisition of informed consent from each patient. All cell lines were cultured in the appropriate medium. DNA was extracted using the phenolchloroform method, and total RNA was extracted using Isogen (Nippon Gene) according to the manufacturer's instructions. To assess restoration of PRDM5 expression, cell lines were incubated for 72 h with 2 Amol/L 5-aza-2¶-deoxycytidine (5-aza-dC; Sigma), a methyltransferase inhibitor. The cells were then harvested, and total RNA was extracted for further analysis. Reverse transcription-PCR. First-strand cDNA was prepared by reverse transcription of 5 Ag samples of total RNA using SuperScript III reverse transcriptase (Invitrogen). The primer sequences used were 5¶-ATGTGGGAGGTTCGTGGGAGTAAG-3¶ (PRDM5-forward) and 5¶-TTTCTGCCCGCTGTTGATTGTCT-3¶ (PRDM5-reverse). The PCR protocol for reverse transcription-PCR was 95jC for 5 min, followed by 35 cycles of 1 min at 95jC, 1 min at 55jC, and 1 min at 72jC, and then a 7-min final extension at 72jC. Controls consisted of RNA treated identically but without the addition of reverse transcriptase. The integrity of the cDNA was confirmed by amplifying glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase as described previously (29). Samples (10 AL) of the amplified products were subjected to 2.5% agarose gel electrophoresis and stained with ethidium bromide. Real-time quantitative reverse transcription-PCR was carried out using Taqman Gene Expression Assays [PRDM1, Hs00153357_m1; PRDM2, Hs01030716_m1; PRDM3, Hs00602795_m1; PRDM4, Hs000973632_m1; PRDM5, Hs00218855_m1; PRDM6, Hs01372996_m1; PRDM7, Hs00364862_m1; PRDM8, Hs00220274_m1; PRDM9, Hs00360639_m1; PRDM10, Hs00999748_m1; PRDM11, Hs00220293_m1; PRDM12, Hs00222080_m1; PRDM13, Hs00222082_m1; PRDM14, Hs01119056_m1; PRDM15, Hs01562117_m1; PRDM16, Hs00223161_m1; PRDM17, Hs01119928_g1; EZH2, Hs_00544830_ml; and glyceraldehyde-3phosphate dehydrogenase, Hs_00266705_gl (Applied Biosystems)] with a 7900HT Fast Real-time PCR System (Applied Biosystems) according to the manufacturer's instructions. 'SDS2.1 software Fig. 1. Analysis of PRDM gene expression. A, heat map showing expression profiles of PRDM1-17 in normal colon, normal stomach, and three cancer cell lines. Levels of PRDMexpression are normalized to glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH). B, expression of PRDM5 in a panel of colorectal and gastric cancer cell lines. Using real-time PCR, expressionof PRDM5was analyzed in specimens from four normal tissues (colon, stomach, pancreas, and liver), eight colorectal cancer cell lines, and six gastric cancer cell lines. In eight cell lines that expressed PRDM5 at barely detectable levels, expression after treatment with 5-aza-dC also is shown. PRDM5 in Gastrointestinal Cancer www.aacrjournals.org Clin Cancer Res 2007;13(16) August15, 2007 4787 Research. on August 3, 2017. © 2007 American Association for Cancer clincancerres.aacrjournals.org Downloaded from (Applied Biosystems) was used to do comparative DC t analysis. Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase served as an endogenous


Aims This study looks whether the response of soil management (liming and nitrogen fertilization) on the incidence of Fusarium wilt (Foc Race 1) in Gros Michel banana (Musa AAA) is influenced by soil types. Methods The effect of inoculation with Foc Race 1 was studied in a factorial greenhouse trial with eight representative soil types of the Costa Rican banana region, two pH levels; and three levels of N-fertilization. After an 8-week period, plant biomass, leaf area, and a disease index were measured.Results There were significant effects of soil pH and N, and their interactions on disease expression. Low pH levels and high N-fertilization increased the disease expression. The response to changes in soil pH and N-fertilization differed considerably between the different soil types. Conclusions Although soil pH and N influence Fusarium wilt in banana, each soil type differs in its response to these soil properties. This complicates the development of standard soil management strategies in terms of e.g., N-fertilization and liming to mitigate or fight the disease.


Abstract 3D printing is a manufacturing technique based on the structuring of parts layer by layer. This principle yields a specific printing direction, that is the spatial orientation of the produced layers. Thus, potential anisotropy arising from the printing direction is a major concern in 3D printing. The mechanical properties of a biocompatible resin mainly consisting of methacrylates and tricalcium phosphate particles is examined. Various tests are conducted to examine the mechanical anisotropy of testing samples manufactured with a 3D printer based on stereolithography. A digital light processing unit (λ = 375 nm) is utilized to produce test samples in three orthogonal directions. Bending behaviour, fracture toughness, and hardness are measured. Furthermore, light microscopy is utilized to assess the properties of the fractured samples qualitatively. Assessed values are in agreement with comparable materials and show no statistically significant (p = 0.095) evidence of anisotropic behaviour. Sample orientation has no impact on the mechanical properties of the produced parts. Thus, production time and capabilities can be optimized by varying and combining sample orientation without changing the mechanical performance of the engineered parts significantly.


We present a systematic study of multiscaling properties of Magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) turbulence in three dimensions (3d ) in a a shell model, developed by us. We define structure functions as appropriate for an MHD shell model and use them to uncover these scaling properties. We also discuss a crossover from fluid-like behaviour to MHD-like behaviour.


With the growing of elderly population in china, the problem of old people supporting has been concerned about the real estate sector, which have invested, the Estate for the aged came into being. In this article, it take the Operating mode as the entry point and combined with China's national conditions to proposing that china should use the mixed operate mode. Hereinafter we referred to operating mode.


Effects of O3 on the growth and electrical properties of Pb(Zr, Ti)O3 (PZT) thin films grown by photoenhanced metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) were investigated. Ferroelectric PZT films were obtained by both MOCVD and photoenhanced MOCVD using O3 at substrate temperatures ranging from 560° C to 625° C. The crystalline orientation, growth rate and growth temperature were not appreciably influenced by the use of O3 and photoirradiation. However, in the leakage current characteristics, an improvement in breakdown voltage by the use of O3 and photoirradiation was observed. From scanning electron microscope (SEM) observations, it was found that this improvement may be caused by the microscopic change in film structure.


Nowadays liver transplantation has been an effective therapy to terminal liver diseases.In the past 12 years,living related liver transplantation (LRLT) developed rapidly with a favorable curative effect.It alleviated the shortage of cadaveric liver supply.To LRLT,the graft must be acquired from a living donor.The donor and recipient usually come from the same family.Therefore there are some ethical issues in LRLT such as choice of donor,donor's contribution and risk,recipient's family,psychology and society etc.With the development of technique in LRLT,the ethical issues must be considered and some ethical principles must be followed.LRLT is satisfying in surgery and feasible in ethics.


S-gear is a new type of gear with the advantages of small sliding coefficient, high meshing efficiency and large load-bearing capacity due to the concave-convex contact in a vicinity of the meshing start and end. In view of the excellent characteristics and potential value of S-gears, this paper deeply studies the designation and meshing characteristics of the S-gears. First, based on the relationship of S-shaped rack-cutter and machining motion, the tooth surface of the S-gears is generated. Second, by superimposing the surface of modified volume with the standard tooth surface, the modified tooth surface of S-gears is constructed. On this basis, using MATLAB programming, the coordinates of 3D grid node of modified S-gears are calculated. Third, loaded tooth contact analysis (LTCA) is used to study the meshing characteristics of the S-gears with longitudinal modifications and misalignment angle errors. Ultimately, one example is presented and the result shows that after tooth surface modification, the load distribution of S-gears is effectively improved and error sensitivity is greatly reduced. S-gear is a new type of gear which is different from involute gears and has great potential application prospect in large load-bearing field, which will be further studied in the future.


The Purex and HM Processes at the Savannah River Plant (SRP) employ tributyl phosphate in n-paraffin as an extraction solvent. The presence of undesirable radiolytic- and hydrolytic-degradation products alters the miscibility of the solvent with aqueous solutions. Consequently, the solvent quality may be judged by its miscibility with an appropriate aqueous reagent. In the past, solvent integrity has been judged at SRP by the disengaging ratio technique, where the solvent is mixed with an aqueous reagent and the separation of the two phases is timed. In principle, this method is a simple and accurate measure of the solvent/aqueous miscibility. However, in practice the endpoint of the phase separation was often judged differently by different operators. Thus, the method suffered from poor reproducibility. To provide a reliable measure of the solvent/aqueous miscibility, an automated device was developed to quantify the interfacial tension between the two phases. The interfacial tension device is constructed from common laboratory equipment and is simple to operate. It is specifically designed for remote operation within a radioactive containment environment. A description of the device and a comparison of solvent quality data obtained by interfacial tension and disengaging ratio measurements are presented.


This article interprets the story of the outbreak of God against Uzzah in 2 Samuel 6 as an act of "divine violence," a concept described by Slavoj Žižek in his book Violence: Six Sideways Reflections. In previous interpretations of 2 Samuel 6, the violence against Uzzah has been understood either as a punishment for a transgression, or as a capricious act of God's power. Slavoj Žižek describes "divine violence" as violence, which is not a means to an end, and which irrupts from a position of vulnerability and impotence. By looking at the details of the Masoretic Text of 2 Samuel 6, it will be argued that the violence of God in this story should also be interpreted as divine violence: it lacks meaning as a punishment for transgression, and it stems from the vulnerability of God's presence in the ark rather than from God's transcendent power.


The invention relates to glazings which constitute at least part of the roof or vehicle roof. the glazing according to the invention have a luminous transmittance less than 40% and are provided with heating means such as son thin conductors, son or screen printed conductive thin film, these means are of sufficient capacity to maintain the face of the glazing oriented the passenger to a temperature close to the average temperature of the atmosphere in the passenger compartment.


The computational powers of computer algebra systems like Maple or Mathematica are used to prove polynomial identities that are essential to obtain sharp growth estimates for subdiagonal rational Padé approximations of the exponential function.


Background: Peroxisome proliferator coactivator 1 alpha (PGC-1alpha) is an important mediator of mitochondrial biogenesis and the antioxidant defense. We have previously shown that the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) protects endothelial cells against oxidative stress by preservation of mitochondrial function in a PGC-1alpha dependent manner. Since dysfunctional mitochondria might be involved in the pathogenesis of vascular disease, we studied the effects of in vivo PGC-1alpha deletion during chronic angiotensin II (ATII) treatment in vivo.

Methods and results: Deletion of PGC-1alpha had no effect on endothelial function or mitochondrial mass under basal conditions. Chronic treatment (7d) with angiotensin II (ATII) at subpressor doses (0.1mg/kg/d) resulted in mild endothelial dysfunction in wildtype animals, which was significantly further impaired in PGC-1alpha knockout mice. In parallel, oxidative stress was markedly increased in aortic rings from ATII-treated PGC-1alpha knockout mice. By inhibition of complex I with rotenone and mitoSOX staining, we identified the mitochondrial respiratory chain as the major PGC-1alpha dependent ROS source in vivo. Co-treatment of PGC-1alpha knockout mice with the mitochondria-targeted antioxidant mito-TEMPO decresed vascular oxidative stress and partially corrected endothelial dysfunction, while these parameters were not affected in wildtype mice. In accordance with the role of mitochondrial ROS in the signalling events leading to inflammation and apoptosis, we found increased vascular mRNA expression of MCP-1, CCL5 (chemoattraction), CD163, CD11b, CD68 (macrophage infiltration), PAI-1, TNF-alpha, IL6 (inflammation) and an increased activity of the JNK pathway in ATII treated PGC-1alpha knockout mice.

Conclusion: PGC-1alpha is an important regulator of mitochondrial ROS production in the vasculature. Increased mitochondrial ROS in response to PGC-1alpha deletion result in increased inflammation, pro-apoptotic signalling events and accelerated endothelial dysfunction.


Putin and Erdoğan's "beautiful friendship" has been  defining Russian–Turkish political, diplomatic and  economic relations on the one hand, and the  handling of many conflicts, including the Syrian civil  war, for nearly two decades on the other. It can be  said that in many cases, when the interests of the  Russian and Turkish states clash with each other or  there are conflicts of principle and values, it is the two  presidents who, because of their similar habitus  and political character, find solutions to the problems.  One thing is for sure: without the  personalities of Erdoğan and Putin, the recent history  of the two nations would not be so diverse and full of  twists and turns. This article would like to give an  analytical journey into the common history of the  Turkish and Russian nations, as well as to the souls of  the two politicians to look at the reasons and  motivations behind the often contradictory political  moves. As relatively little work has been done on the  topic in Turkish, but more in English, the study is  based on scientific papers and Internet publications  written in the latter language. It aims at disclosing the  role of the two regional powers in a global  framework.


Abstract To keep pace with rapid changes in corporate business requirements, organizations have begun to integrate distributed data base technology into their information architectures. Distributed data base management systems (DDBMSs) in particular promote the departmental sharing of data as well as easy access to data in a distributed environment, both key aspects of any data management strategy. This article describes the elements of distributed data base technology to help IS managers control the integration of distributed data bases in their organizations.


BACKGROUND: Parents and guardians play significant roles helping young individuals with disabilities to develop expectations about adult endeavors, including postsecondary education and work. These expectations are partially shaped by access to information and training related to disability, education, employment, community resources, and disability-related services


The class of quasi-cyclic (QC) codes has been proven to contain many good codes. To date the known QC codes are primarily rate 1/p and (p-1)/p binary codes constructed from circulant matrices. These results are extended to QC codes over GF(3) and GF(4). Codes are constructed using integer linear programming and heuristic combinatorial optimization. Many of these attain the maximum possible minimum distance for any linear code with the same parameters, and several improve the maximum known distances. The link between power residue (PR) codes and QC codes is exploited as a means of constructing new QC codes and to initialize the search algorithm. Previously unknown minimum distances for nonbinary quadratic residue codes are given. The minimum distances for the PR codes and the maximum known distances for the QC codes are tabulated. >


When the flagella of Proteus species are exposed to an acid environment above pH 5, they become curly and their wavelength is reduced to half of the normal value. This effect, called "biplicity" or "doubling phenomenon" by Pijper (Nature 175:214, 1955), was first demonstrated by Leifson, Carhart, and Fulton (J. Bacteriol. 69:73, 1955), who examiiined stained preparations with a light microscope. These curly flagella and the stages of their development have not previously been examined in an electron microscope with any bacteria; such observations with P. mirabilis are reported here. A suspension of P. mirabilis from a motilitytube culture was inoculated uniformly but sparsely onto the surface of a plate of Heart Infusion Agar (see Hoeniger, J. Gen. Microbiol. 39: 195, 1965) which had been adjusted to values between pH 5.0 and 7.4 with MeIlvaine's buffer; the cultures were incubated at 30 C. The bacteria were floated off the agar with saline adjusted to the same pH as the plating medium, and were then fixed with formalin. After the cells had been washed, they were negatively stained with 1% potassium phosphotungstate (Thornley and Horne, J. Gen. Microbiol. 28:51, 1962) containing 0.01 to 0.02% bovine serum albumin (which promotes spreading of the phosphotungstate), and were viewed in an electron microscope. When organisms from the more acid media were examined, many were found to have flagella with two distinctly different types of curvature: "normal" with a wavelength of 2.13 + 0.14 ,u, and "curly" with a wavelength of 1.01 i 0.1 ,u. These values for mean and standard deviation agree well with those for P. mirabilis published by Leifson et al. A bacterium from the pH 5.4 medium is shown in Fig. 1; two of the eight flagella arising near the end of this short rod are seen to be curly, and the remainder have normal curvature. The propoirtion of curly flagella varied with pH of the growth medium as follows: over the range pH 6.0 to 7.4, no flagella were curly; at pH 5.8, 0 to 5% were curly; at pH 5.6, 10 to 20%c; at pH 5.4, 25 to 75%; at pH 5.2, 80 to 100%; and at pH 5.0, 100%c. It was not, however, necessary to cultivate the bacteria on acid media to elicit curliness; the same effect was obtained by growing the organisms on a normal medium (Heart Infusion Agar, pH 7.4) and removing them in buffered saline adjusted over the same pH range of 5.0 to 7.4. Such an observation was also made by Leifson et al., although in both types of experiment they found the effective pH range to be 6.2 to 7.0 instead of 5.0 to 5.8. This discrepancy may simply be a reflection of interstrain differences. Stages in bacterial differentiation and flagellar development were examined with cultures growing at pH 5.4. The bacteria changed from coccoid to rod-shaped, and then, after 6 to 7 hr of incubation, to elongated forms; thus, the well-known Proteus swarmers developed just as they do in normal cultures (Hoeniger, J Gen. Microbiol. 39:195, 1965). During the incubation, organisms from cultures of each age developed a large proportion of flagella with a curly shape. Figure 2 shows the end of a 2-hr rod with new flagella of various lengths, mainly curly. The whole organism had 38 flagella ranging from 0.3 to 2.6 ,I, with a mean length of 1.3 ,; the latter value falls in the range for 1.5-hr cells from a normal medium, i.e., 1.54 i 0.22 j, (Hoeniger, J. Gen. Microbiol. 39:195, 1965). Figure 3 shows the tip of a swarmer equipped with numerous curly and some normal flagella; the organism itself was 12 ,u long and had ca. 800 flagella ranging from 0.6 to 7.6 p, the mean length being 3.9 ,u. For comparable swarmers developing on normal medium, the flagellar length was 3.84 i 0.32 A (Hoeniger, J. Gen. Microbiol. 39:195, 1965). The influence of acidity on motility per se was determined only for the swarmers. The bacteria were rinsed off the medium in broth buffered at the same pH as the growth medium. Those developing on media at pH 5.6 to 7.4 all moved in the normal, slow but sinuous, translatory manner; as already stated, on such organisms 20% or fewer of the flagella were curly. At pH 5.4, swarmers (like the organism in Fig. 3) either rotated or moved normally, 25 to 75% of their flagella being curly. Those developing at pH 5.2 (with 80 to 10000 of their flagella curly) mostly rotated, but occasionally translated in a lopsided, circular path. By contrast, swarmers developing at pH 5.0 were mainly nonmotile, though a few


Zona Sul was the first supermarket chain in Rio de Janeiro to provide online sales purchases services and it is the leader in its segment in the city. Therefore, it was chosen as the object of this study, which attempts to describe and analyze the decision-making process of consumers who use the Internet to shop for groceries. Twenty in-depth interviews were conducted with these consumers. The interviews were held at the moment they were shopping and the interviewees' navigation was recorded by means of a software. The results showed that the interviewees search for convenience, speed and ease to purchase. Aspects from the website that partially compromise these objectives were identified. The conclusions bring suggestions to make the shopping process easier and faster.


Three-dimensional network on chip(3D No C) is developed based on three-dimensional integrated circuit(3D IC), system on chip(So C) and two-dimensional network on chip(2D No C). 3D No C is mainly used to solve the problems such as communication bottleneck of highly integrated chips. It has attracted great attention from both academia and industry at home and abroad. 3D No C topology structure reflects the layout and connectivity of communications node in the chip, which is crucial for the performance of 3D chip. This paper introduces 2D No C, the evolution from 2D No C to 3D No C, the advantages and problems of adopting 3D No C and the key technical issues which can be solved by 3D No C, and analyzes the overall development of 3D No C. 3D topology is one of the key problems in the design of 3D No C. This paper mainly studies the different classification methods for 3D No C topology and divides 3D No C topologies into 9 categories in terms of communication, then gives a thorough study of 3D No C topology structures with comparison and analysis of the characteristics for each topology structure. Finally, this paper indicates the possible future research development of 3D No C topology.


VLA observations of the radio source 3C 120 on scales from 0.1 arcsec to over 14 arcmin were made, and the resulting maps are presented and discussed. The radio emission shows structure on all scales from less than a pc to greater than 400 kpc. A continuously connected jet is visible from less than a parsec from the central engine to over 100 kpc, well outside the galaxy. There is a lobe in the counterjet direction and diffuse emission in several directions. The three-dimensional morphology is not clear but might resemble some of the large double or wide-angle head-tail sources seen along the axis of the jet. The polarization observations imply a longitudinal magnetic field throughout nearly all of the jet. The brightness of the jet decreases following a simple power law with width, implying that the physical parameters also follow simple power laws. These results are interpreted in the context of the incoherent synchrotron model for radio emission. 60 references.


Compares the capabilities of dedicated PABX with those of LAN and integrated PABX/LAN solutions, under the ISDN scenario. The digital PABX will be probably the most suitable solution for private communication needs and LANs are very effective for specific applications like CPU disks traffic, CAD/CAM and factory automation. The strengths and weaknesses of the dedicated data PABX are compared to those of the LAN and integrated data/voice PABX with respect to its suitability in ISDN environment. >


In the present hunt for human capital with intense competition for talents, talent management has become an important priority for employers. Dynamic adjustments in strategies are necessary to attract and retain talents as factors affecting employees' decisions have witnessed a generational change. The paper examines the theoretical validity of talent attraction and talent retention and how it develops in a Chinese context, which stresses the importance of updating the understanding on a young generation's career expectations. Serving as the methodology, a questionnaire survey is conducted among university students, most of which are post 1995s', to understand their career expectations. The results showed a shift in their career expectations such as preference for stability and attention paid to a fair system. Based on the research findings, recommendations are put forward for employers to better attract and retain talents.


This article analyzes the music to the ballet "Yaroslavna" by the prominent Russian composer of the late XX century B. Tishchenko (1939–2010). The written and staged in 1974 ballet has become one of the most remarkable musical achievements of that time. Emphasis is palced on the fact that Tishchenko composed "Yaroslavna" using all available modern orchestral means of expression on the basis of the Old Russian text "The Tale of Igor's Campaign". Tishchenko did not seek stylization of his work, but brought the word of the nameless chronicler closer to modern era. He introduces choir to the ballet music to augment its power. The author features Tishchenko's outstanding work with orchestral texture and various instrumental timbres and colors. The novelty of this research lies in studying the music to the ballet "Yaroslavna" in the context of general vector of the revival of Russian symphonic style in the 1960s–1970s. The author notes the leading role of Boris Tishchenko in this remarkable process. The conclusion is made that the composition turned out to be multigenre, consisting of multiple parts; and that Tishchenko has broadened musical lexicon of the Russian music culture to the maximum. The music to the ballet was saturated with truly symphonic content, opened new artistic paths, and enriched modern orchestral palette.


Children's disability is not only medical, but also social problem and concerns all members of the family of the disabled child and the state as a whole. Materials of medico-social rehabilitation of patients with children's cerebral paralysis (CCP) in the form of spastic diplegia are presented in the article. Efficiency of use of the created exercise machines in complex treatment of 35 physically challengedchildren is proved. Need of further development of treatment methods and rehabilitation of patients with CCP is shown.


Publishing benefits libraries by providing high-quality content to patrons, showcasing local writers and faculty, and creating buzz for the library. These endeavors can be launched at any type and size of library, often for little to no cost. Libraries Publish teaches libraries how to publish literary magazines, book review blogs, local anthologies, picture books, library professional journals, and even novels. You'll learn how to run a writing contest or writer-in-residence program, form community partnerships with other literary organizations, find funding, navigate legal considerations, market your publication, and more.


The possibility of recycling scrap glass (soda lime, lead-based and lead-barium-based glasses) via incorporation in a porcelain stoneware tile body mix was studied. Starting from a standard porcelain stoneware body mix, several modified mixes were prepared by replacing different amounts of the fluxing component, a sodium feldspathic sand, with three types of scrap glass: 5...7% of soda lime glass from urban wastes, 2 % of lead-based glass from neck part of cathode ray tubes (CRTs) and 2...3 % of lead-barium-based glass from funnel part of CTRs. The firing behaviour of the different mixes was evaluated in terms of water absorption and linear shrinkage. The microstructure of the fired samples was investigated using scanning electron microscopy.


Objective To investigate injury-related behaviors and its influencing factors among urban middle school students in Sichuan province,and to provide evidence for developing related intervention.Methods By using multistage sampling method,6 911 urban middle school students in Sichuan province were selected and surveyed by using questionnaire of Chinese Youth Health Risk Behaviors.Results It was found that prevalence of injury-related behaviors was reported as the following:Violating traffic rules when riding bicycles(45.5%),fighting(33.2%),suicide ideation(27.9%),feeling despair(20.2%),swimming at unsafe places(14.8%),being bullied(14.5%),suicide plan(11.2%),violating traffic rules when walking across roads(7.0%)and suicide attempt(4.4%).Further analysis showed that the main influential factors to injury-related behaviors were ever drugs usage,smoking attempt,alcohol drinking attempt,rank of study achievement and city economic situation.Conclusion Situation of injury-related health risk behaviors among Sichuan urban middle school students is serious,which implies health education for injury prevention and intervention should be carried out as soon as possible,in particularly,among those students with more risk factors.


Convergent tiling is an alternative technique for exploring fields by using pixel graphics displays. Instead of using pixel by pixel scans to fill an empty frame slowly, it presents the field as a fully tiled frame whose resolution gradually increases through the introduction of successively smaller interstitial tiles. It produces the same final picture as pixel scanning, but supports much earlier recognition of the field region properties. This is particularly useful in interactive visualization where there is a good chance of abandoning the present picture version in favor of another with altered parameters. Convergent tiling allows an abort decision to occur earlier during the development of the field on the display, thus promoting exploration of the field. A two‐dimensional frame quartering algorithm is presented to demonstrate the convergent tiling concept.


When two VHF radios borne on a helicopter are operating at the same or near frequency,serious interference will occur.To solve this problem,based on the receiving and transmitting principle of the radio,a method is found through analysis.The structure of the radio is improved according to practical project requirement.


The purpose of this study is to describe: (1) planning a floating school cafeteria services; (2) organizing floating school cafeteria services; (3) the implementation of floating school cafeteria services; (4) supervision of floating school cafeteria services. This study uses a qualitative approach to the type of case study research. This research is located at SMP Negeri 26 Surabaya. Data collection techniques used were observation, interviews, and documentation. The key informant in this study was the School Cafeteria Coordinator. The results of the study, namely: (1) planning a floating school cafeteria services includes planning the model/form of school cafeterias, the construction of school cafeterias, school cafeteria personnel, menus, prices, payment methods, and services, the operational costs of school cafeterias, and memoranda of mutual agreement between the school and food sellers; (2) organizing the floating school cafeteria services which includes the organizational structure and the tasks of each party involved; (3) the implementation of the floating school cafeteria services which includes operating hours, types of services, food and beverage production processes, providing nutritious and healthy food and beverages, and providing adequate facilities and infrastructure and in accordance with health standards; and (4) supervision of the floating school cafeteria services includes internal and external supervision.


Painful conditions about the shoulder joint are commonly associated with the forward-drooped position of the shoulder girdle. The mechanics of the shoulder girdle are such that, with the drooped position of the body as a whole, the habitual position of the shoulder is one of constant strain upon the structures which stabilize the shoulder joint. The correction of the drooped position of the body, as well as the position in which the shoulder is habitually used, should be an essential part of the treatment in disabling conditions about the shoulder.


Subscription-based television services providers, which operate in a highly competitive industry with high saturation, are finding it exceedingly difficult to grow their customer base. The ability to identify customers with a higher possibility of subscribing to the premium plans, is undoubtedly critical to increasing future sales. In that vein, we seek to identify predictors to premium packages selection behavior by jointly modeling customer subscriptions of premium movie, premium sport and basic sport packages. We show that, the customer subscriptions of different TV packages can be highly correlated. Moreover, our model profiles likely subscribers to premium movie, premium sport and basic sport packages using both subscriber demographic and lifestyle information.


Abstract Study question Is an online consultation for fertility work-up as effective as regular consultation in terms of patient centeredness and shared decision making? Summary answer This study shows no significant differences in level of patient-centeredness and shared decision making for an online fertility work-up compared to a regular appointment. What is known already Couples who suffer from involuntarily childlessness can experience a high psychological burden and treatment for their infertility has a high impact on their daily life. Most optimally, patients receive personalized information and undergo diagnostic testing for fertility work-up, with as little as possible interference in their personal life. Two recent studies already evaluated the use of video-consulting to further modernize current fertility care, with positive results. However, more well-designed research is needed to expand and carefully evaluate the idea of an online fertility work-up for patients with an unfulfilled child wish. Study design, size, duration This is a single-center non-blinded randomized controlled trial of 84 heterosexual patient couples. Patients were followed up from the start of the fertility work-up until three months after completion of the work-up. After the work-up, a questionnaire was send through an online research program consisting of a modified version of the Patient-Centered Questionnaire-Infertility (PCQ-I) to measure patient-centeredness and the CollaboRATE questionnaire to evaluate the level of shared decision making. Participants/materials, setting, methods The study population consisted of infertile couples, who were referred to a fertility clinic for the first time. Couples were randomized between a regular fertility work-up, consisting of two face-to-face appointments of in total 45 minutes, and an online fertility work-up. The latter consisted of online recommendations and diagnostic tests, based on patient specific characteristics from an anamnesis questionnaire, followed by a 30 minute video consultation with a fertilitydoctor to discuss results and treatment advice. Main results and the role of chance Of the 84 included patients, 75 questionnaires were returned for this abstract (89%). The mean score on the total PCQ-I was 2.66 (SD 0.20), on a scale of 0-3, for the online fertility work-up versus 2.57 (SD 0.29) for the control group. This was not statistically significant (p = 0.147). Also the different subscales of the PCQ-I did not show statistically differences between the two groups, but there was a positive trend for the online fertility work-up on the subscale 'Information and Communication' (2.85 (SD 0.21) vs 2.72 (SD 0.31); p = 0.055). On the CollaboRATE questionnaire, no significant differences in experienced level of shared decision making were found between the two groups (means between 7.52 – 7.91 on a ten point Likert scale). During seven video consultations (17%) some technical difficulties were experienced, for example the video worked but there was no sound. For 62% of the couples in the intervention group the time for preparation for the online fertility workup was less than five minutes, while the majority of the patients in the control group (52%) spend at least 60-90 minutes on their appointment in the fertility clinic. Limitations, reasons for caution This study was performed during the COVID-19 pandemic, when patients were more used to online meetings. The preferences of patient post pandemic might be different. At this point we have not yet evaluated whether online fertility consultation leads to different conclusions and treatment advices than regular fertility care. Wider implications of the findings In our study online fertility work-up with video consultation is perceived as good as a regular work-up, therefore future patients should be offered a choice between the two methods. Considering the rapid development of online technology, online fertilitycare may develop further. It is important that developments undergo thorough scientific evaluation. Trial registration number NL8554


This text is aimed at practicing engineers and scientists who need to understand the fundamentals of image processing theory and algorithms to perform their technical tasks. A variety of example images are used to help readers' understanding of how particular image processing algorithms work.


This paper generalizes the ALGOL-like theorem showing that every ~-free context-sensitive (recurslve-enmmerable) language is a component of the minimal solution of a system of equation X=F(X), where X=(Xl,...,~), F=(F1,...,Ft), t>ll and Fi, l~ i~<t are regular expressions over the alphabet of operations:{concatenation, reunion, kleene "+" closure, nonereasing finite substitution (arbitrary finite substitution), intersectlon~. In the second part is presented a method which constructs for a monadic program a system of equations (in the above form) so that one of the components ol the minimal solution of the system gives the partial function f computed by the program in a language form: an+l~;bf(n)+l I n~Dcm f~ °


Within eukaryotic cells membrane compartments are closed entities and their dynamics underlie regulated fission and fusion reactions. Since enveloped viruses acquire their membrane from the host, virus budding may underlie similar processes. However, some time ago we showed that the poxvirus vaccinia virus (VACV) uses a different, unconventional, pathway of membrane assembly. Using cryo-EM and electron tomography (ET) we concluded that VACV assembles a single, open, membrane, shaped into a sphere by the viral scaffold protein [1]. By combining EM immuno-labeling with ET we could show that the open membrane is derived from small open membranes that accumulate close, and are connected, to the assembling virion (see Figure 1C). Since lipid analysis of the isolated, purified virus suggested that the viral membrane is derived from the ER [2], we postulated that the small open membranes are the result of rupture of ER elements [1]. VACV is a member of the nucleo cytoplasmic large DNA viruses (NCLDVs). We analyzed whether other members of this family also use the unconventional membrane assembly pathway as to search for common denominators. Indeed both Mimivirus [3] and African swine fever virus (ASFV; [4]) use open membrane intermediates to create a single open membrane shaped by their respective scaffold protein. The images below illustrate some of our results.


Underwater image enhancement is one of the most essential and fundamental tasks in ocean investigations recent years. In this paper, we made an attempt to develop one adaptive underwater image enhancement approach with the help of the virtual retina model and the image quality assessment (IQA). The virtual retina model, which yields comparatively high correlation with the human vision system, is first taken to achieve simultaneous ambiguity removing and detail enhancing of single image due to the specific mechanisms of different retinal sub-layers. After this, an adaptive image enhancement strategy is taken with one kind of no-reference image quality assessment based Patch Discrete Cosine Transform (PDCT), which indicates whether the image patches are naturally uniform or not. It is shown in the simulation experiment that the proposed approach could achieve great performances in both robustness and effectiveness, with good behaviors in the vision effects and precision for the underwater images.


1. The distribution of radioactive vitamin B 12 in humans was studied by scintillation counting of radioactivity over various skin projections of underlying organs in five individuals, following parenteral administration of radioactive vitamin B 12 . The results of these investigations showed that the scintillation surface measurements of the radioactivity following parenteral administration of radioactive vitamin B 12 may be profitably applied to the study of the metabolic turnover of vitamin B 12 under normal and pathological conditions in humans. 2. In two young normal control subjects over 96 per cent of the parenterally administered radioactive vitamin B 12 (5 and 10 µg. containing 0.925 µc. of Co 60 ) disappeared from the site of the intramuscular injection within three to four hours, and during that time radioactivity rose to its peak value over the areas corresponding to kidney, spleen and iliac crest, and somewhat later over the muscles of the extremities. Subsequently, a gradual decline of radioactivity was observed over the spleen, kidney and extremities, so that at the end of three months in the normal subject from ⅓ to ½ of radioactivity as compared to peak values was observed over the spleen and left kidney and about ¼ over the calf muscle. The projection areas of the liver differed from all the other areas of the body in requiring about five to six days to build up the peaks of radioactivity. These exceeded counts over the kidney and spleen about 2½ times, counts over the iliac crest approximately 7 times, and those over the calves about 17 times. The decline of radioactivity over the liver and iliac crest was very slow and small. 3. The patterns of the uptake of injected radioactive vitamin B 12 by the totally gastrectomized patient were grossly similar to those observed in normal controls, except for possibly slightly faster absorption of the injected material from the site of injection, and somewhat faster and larger accumulation, but also faster discharge of radioactivity from the liver area. 4. In a patient with pernicious anemia in partial remission who received three parenteral doses of 2 respectively 10 µg. radioactive vitamin B 12 (0.185-0.925 µc. Co 60 ), the uptake of the radioactive vitamin B 12 by the kidney and spleen area was slightly higher than that of the normal controls, that of the liver similar to the normal, and that over the iliac crest showing a significantly faster decline than in normals during the course of study. The uptake of radioactive vitamin B 12 in the same patient following intravenous injection of the same dose of radioactive vitamin B 12 was grossly similar to that following intramuscular injection of the same dose of radioactive material, except for the faster accumulation of radioactivity over the kidney area. 5. From 65 to 86 per cent of the peak radioactivity persisted over the liver 2-3 months after parenteral administration of radioactive vitamin B 12 to two control subjects. After five months 60 per cent of the initial peak of radioactivity was still observed over the liver in the patient with anemia of sprue in remission, 85 per cent in a patient with pernicious anemia in partial remission, and at the end of eight months still 35 per cent of the peak liver count in a patient with total gastrectomy without anemia. This does not take into account the normal decay of Co 60 which is about 1 per cent per month. 6. If the presence of Co 60 in the liver indicates the deposition of Co 60 -B 12 in this organ, which is most probable, then the long storage of vitamin B 12 in the liver may explain the long time needed in humans for depletion of hepatic stores of vitamin B 12 , as well as for long remissions observed in pernicious anemia following parenteral treatment with liver extracts or vitamin B 12 .


Transport of passive scalar in near-field of a submerged turbulent jet, was studied experimentally by using the planar laser-induced fluorescence technique. The jet issued from a round pipe with the inner diameter and length of 21 mm and 700 mm, respectively. Three cases of Reynolds numbers were studied: Re=3000, 6000, and 9000. Vapor of acetone, mixed to the jet flow, served as a passive fluorescent tracer. The paper describes data processing utilized to convert intensity of fluorescence images to the instantaneous concentration.


The purpose of this article is to delineate the process of evolution of knowledge organization systems (KOSs) through identification of principles of unity such as internal and external unity in organizing the structure of KOSs to achieve content storage and retrieval purposes and to explain a novel method used in ranking of KOSs by proposing the principle of rank unity. Different types of KOSs which are addressed in this article include dictionaries, Roget's thesaurus, thesauri, micro, macro, and meta-thesaurus, ontologies, and lower, middle, and upper-level ontologies. This article relied on dialectic models to clarify the ideas in Kant's knowledge theory. This is done by identifying logical relationships between categories (i.e., Thesis, antithesis, and synthesis) in the creation of data, information, and knowledge in the human mind. The Analysis has adapted a historical methodology, more specifically a documentary method, as its reasoning process to propose a conceptual model for ranking KOSs. The study endeavors to explain the main elements of data, information, and knowledge along with engineering mechanisms such as data, information, and knowledge engineering in developing the structure of KOSs and also aims to clarify their influence on content storage and retrieval performance. KOSs have followed related principles of order to achieve an internal order, which could be examined by analyzing the principle of internal unity in knowledge organizations. The principle of external unity leads us to the necessity of compatibility and interoperability between different types of KOSs to achieve semantic harmonization in increasing the performance of content storage and retrieval. Upon introduction of the principle of rank unity, a ranking method of KOSs utilizing cognition states as criteria could be considered to determine the position of each knowledge organization with respect to others. The related criteria of the principle of rank unity- cognition states- are derived from Immanuel Kant's epistemology. The research results showed that KOSs, while having defined positions in cognition states, specific principles of order, related operational mechanisms, and related principles of unity in achieving their specific purposes, have benefited from the developmental experiences of previous KOSs, and further, their developmental processes owe to the experiences and methods of their previous generations.


2014 A total of 40 whole blood and plasma samples were collected from 30 pregnant cows at different trimesters (first, second and third stage) of pregnancy and 10 sample from empty cows were used as control in Khartoum state to evaluate some haematological parameters and to determine some biochemical parameters. In haematological findings PCV showed significant changes (p<o.o5), but there was slight changes in Hb. Whereas total protein, albumin and globulin showed significant changesat different trimesters (p < 0.05). The level of calcium in the first and second trimesters of pregnancy were 2.4 ± 0.6 mmol/l , 1.6 ± 0.3 mmol/l respectively, these values was low when compared with control animals, while the third trimesters revealed high value of calcium. Also glucose level was increased in the third trimesters of pregnancy (4.9 ± 0.7 mmol/l). Urea level revealed significant changes especially in the third stage of pregnancy (55.3 ± 9.8 mg/dl); there was slight change in phosphorus, sodium and potassium levels. Production diseases can be predicted earlier and control through using of routine examination for pregnant cows with good management and early treatment.  2014 Sudan University of Science and Technology. All rights reserved


The optical design of the Brewer Spectrophotometer has been optimised for measurements in the 300-320 nm wavelength range. An aberration resolution limit that is much less than the 0.6 nm FWHM (full width at half maximum) is achieved by using an Ebert-Fastie spectrometer design, modified by the inclusion tilted lens that optimises performance at 310 nm. The small contribution of the remaining aberration to the measured instrument function is critical to radiometric measurement quality. Ramifications of this design to the development of instrumentation with enhanced scanning abilities are discussed.


Although the nonprofits literature as a whole is strikingly ahistorical, with seminal volumes such as Hansmann's Ownership of Enterprise (1996) and Weisbrod's To Profit or Not to Profit (1998) making sweeping historical assumptions without a single reference to primary documents or secondary studies, the domains of philanthropy, voluntarism, and nonprofit organizations have, over all, received more than their fair share of attention from historians, with over a third of the dissertations of the past 30 years and half of the published books in the field written by historians or devoted to historical topics. Ironically, the extraordinary density and particularity of the historical literature may be chiefly responsible both for the ahistoricity of nonprofit scholarship and the relative absence of historical components in the curricula of many nonprofits and philanthropy studies programs. Wonderful work is being done, but little of it is suited for use by nonspecialists. Hammack's Making the Nonprofit Sector in the United States: A Reader is an effort to meet both the needs of instructors in nonprofits programs and historians wishing to build components on philanthropy, voluntarism, and nonprofits into their courses on American institutions and public policy. Making the Nonprofit Sector is a collection of carefully edited primary and secondary documents with brief but concise explanatory texts. The book is divided into four major sections: British and Colonial Patterns, The American Revolution: Sources of the Nonprofit Sector, Uses of Nonprofit Organizations, and Nonprofit Structures for the Twentieth Century. Each is divided into thematically focused subsections on such topics as religious establishment and diversity; the Constitution's implications for religion and voluntarism; varieties of religious nonprofits; nonprofits as alternative power structures; science, professionalism, foundations, and federations; and federal regulation and funding. Hammack artfully mixes and juxtaposes primary documents (Elizabethan statutes and colonial and revolutionary era sermons and polemics, snippets from turn of the century charities reformer Amos Warner, Black intellectual W.E.B. DuBois, Rockefeller advisor Frederick W. Gates, and the recommendations of the Filer Commission) with excerpts from contemporary scholars (among them, such familiar names as Jay P. Dolan on social Catholicism,


This paper presents the design of a 220GHz single sideband (SSB) high speed communication system. The system is based on a set of 220GHz solid state transceiver. In order to make the communication system to achieve single sideband transmission, a 220GHz waveguide bandpass filter (BPF) with an ultra-high selectivity is designed. Based on this BPF circuit, the structure diagram of the communication system is presented. In addition, the simulation results show that the conversion loss of the subharmonic mixer is less than 8 dB from 200GHz to 240GHz and during the working frequency band of the BPF, return loss is better than 20dB, and the 30-dB rectangular factor is approximately 0.7, which guarantees the single sideband operation of the 220GHz communication system.


Through the charismatic and public figure of a famous writer and actor, the focus of this analysis will be to try to explain how a singular experience, publicized and compared with others, can become a source of experiential knowledge. To do so, we will analyze different forms of communication associated with various media, such as print media and blogs, making empowerment visible in the arrangement of interactions.


Purpose:
Total Body Irradiation (TBI) is delivered to a relatively small number of patients with a variety of techniques; it has been a challenge to develop consensus studies for best practice. This survey was created to assess the current state of TBI in Canada.

Methods:
The survey was created with questions focusing on the radiation prescription, delivery technique and resources involved. The survey was circulated electronically to the heads of every clinical medical physics department in Canada. Responses were gathered and collated, and centres that were known to deliver TBI were urged to respond.

Results:
Responses from 20 centres were received, including 12 from centres that perform TBI. Although a variety of TBI dose prescriptions were reported, 12 Gy in 6 fractions was used in 11 centres while 5 centres use unique prescriptions. For dose rate, a range of 9 to 51 cGy/min was reported.

Most centres use an extended SSD technique, with the patient standing or lying down against a wall. The rest use either a "sweeping" technique or a more complicated multi-field technique. All centres but one indicated that they shield the lungs, and only a minority shield other organs.

The survey also showed that considerable resources are used for TBI including extra staffing, extended planning and treatment times and the use of locally developed hardware or software.

Conclusions:
This survey highlights that both similarities and important discrepancies exist between TBI techniques across the country, and is an opportunity to prompt more collaboration between centres.


The working principle,function and characteristics of refuelling test device for a certain airplane was introduced,and the control system of its was designed by use of PLC,frequency converter and touch panel monitor.Finally,the feasibility and practicability is validated by experiment.


This study presents the design of substrate-integrated slot antenna based on the TE20 mode. The conductance of a slot is calculated using a TE20 mode rectangular waveguide. A 94 GHz antenna is designed using benzocyclobutene for the package to validate the conductance calculations. Conductance is compared at different substrate-integrated waveguide thicknesses. The 94 GHz slot antenna has a gain of 7.2 dBi. Simulated and measured results have been compared. The antenna in package can be further interconnected and integrated with other active devices to demonstrate a three-dimensional integration.


Abstract The increased global demand for tropical timber has driven vast expanses of tropical forests to be selectively logged worldwide. While logging impacts on wildlife are predicted to change species distribution and abundance, the underlying physiological responses are poorly understood. Although there is a growing consensus that selective logging impacts on natural populations start with individual stress‐induced sublethal responses, this literature is dominated by investigations conducted with vertebrates from temperate zones. Moreover, the sublethal effects of human‐induced forest disturbance on tropical invertebrates have never been examined. To help address this knowledge gap, we examined the body fat content and relative abundance of three dung beetle species (Coleoptera: Scarabaeinae) with minimum abundance of 40 individuals within each examined treatment level. These were sampled across 34 plots in a before‐after control‐impact design (BACI) in a timber concession area of the Brazilian Amazon. For the first time, we present evidence of logging‐induced physiological stress responses in tropical invertebrates. Selective logging increased the individual levels of fat storage and reduced the relative abundance of two dung beetle species. Given this qualitative similarity, we support the measurement of body fat content as reliable biomarker to assess stress‐induced sublethal effects on dung beetles. Understanding how environmental modification impacts the wildlife has never been more important. Our novel approach provides new insights into the mechanisms through which forest disturbances impose population‐level impacts on tropical invertebrates.


The invention discloses two-side synchronous drilling equipment. The two-side synchronous drilling equipment comprises a rack, a drilling mechanism and two side positioning mechanisms, wherein the drilling mechanism comprises a sliding rack, a first driving device, an assembly rack, a second driving device, a connection rod, a third driving device and two drilling bits; the sliding rack is movably arranged on the rack; the first driving device is connected with the sliding rack in a driving manner; the two side positioning mechanisms are both arranged on the rack, and are separately located on two opposite sides, in the axial direction of the drilling bits, of the rack; each side positioning mechanism comprises a positioning rack, a fourth driving device, a first clamping plate, a telescopic rod, a fifth driving device and a second clamping plate; each second clamping plate is provided with a first drilling hole; and the position, corresponding to the first drilling hole, of each first clamping plate is provided with a second drilling hole. The two-side synchronous drilling equipment is convenient for use and high in working efficiency, and impurities are easy to clean.


The apparent increase of ecological awareness during the previous decade has led to the need for adaptation of numerous areas of everyday human lives, so they fit the newly developed environmental tendencies. One of the areas in which this necessity was prominent was the power engineering, where, above all, the understanding of production systems was affected, with the turnabout regarding the distancing from the conventional sources and inclining towards the more acceptable renewable sources taking place. However, alongside the undeniable ecological sustainability of these sources, the financial sustainability of their utilization needs to be considered as well, which is why the subject of this paper is the minimization of costs of energy production in these capacities, if the fictious demand area needed to be supplied. It was assumed that this area is separated from transmission and distribution network, with the sole source of energy for the analyzed consumption being the wind, solar and hydro power plants, located in the close vicinity of the examined area. As the objective of the optimization, performed by the method of Lagrange multipliers, the appropriate apportioning of the generation powers in these plants for every hour during the year was selected, so the total yearly costs of supplying the demand were as low as possible. Also, considering the currently promoted methods intended for encouragement of the potential investors to proceed with the projects that encompass renewable sources, the different cases for which the share of renewables included in the feed-in tariff was varied. Finally, in order to provide the full insight into the optimization procedure, for the randomly selected hour of the year and share of feed-in tariff in the generation capacities, the process of calculation of production powers in the described plants and multipliers needed for application of the selected optimization technique was enclosed.


Genesis xviii-xix is a fascinating text: interpretations of exegesis, Jewish or Christian, ancient, medieval and modern, are proof. The text has exactly thousand words. This chapter discusses the direct presence of Yahweh among the "three men", which does not prove the homogeneity of the story. It deals with the literary problem often discussed by modern critics and the test solution. The main problem is to determine what the relationship between Yahweh and "men" is. The important questions are listed. The problem is history of tradition rather than literary criticism. The conventional sources are renounced in two steps. The first is prior to Deuteronomy; the second is already feeling the Deuteronomic influences and is about the time of exile or after. These steps are complex. Keywords: Genesis xviii-xix; Yahweh; literary criticism


It is shown that the expansion and summation of the divergent series occurring in 2ν-2β decay calculation[1,2] can be well-defined without mathematical flaw.


Background: Background: Combination of carmustine, etoposide, cytarabine, melphalan (BEAM) is a commonly used regimen for autologous stem cell transplantation (auto-SCT) in patients with Hodgkin (HL) or non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Due to both a shortage of carmustine in the past decade and to reduce its pulmonary toxicity, this agent has been replaced in several centers by thiotepa (TEAM). However, BEAM and TEAM are associated with mucosal toxicities. Therefore, in our center since 2015 we reduced cytarabine and etoposide doses to reduce conditioning toxicities. Aims: Aims: Study is designed to explore whether halving the doses of cytarabine and etoposide can reduce transplant-related toxicity while maintaining the antitumor response. Methods: Methods: We retrospectively analyzed transplant outcomes of adult patients undergoing auto-SCT conditioned with reduced TEAM (thiotepa 5mg/kg/12h on day -7; etoposide 100 mg/m2/12h and cytarabine 100 mg/m2/12h on days -6 to -3 (instead of the commonly used 200 mg/m2/12h); melphalan 140 mg/m2 on day -1). Results: Results: Included were thirty-nine patients (males, n=24; females, n=15) transplanted during the period 2015-2021. Median age was 43 (range 22-65) years. Most patients were transplanted for refractory (n=10) or relapsed


This paper introduces our recent effort to develop a Service-Operation Estimation (SOE) system using speech and multi-sensored data as well as other acquired data. In SOE, it is essential to analyze employees' data in order to increase the productivity in many service industries. Speech processing techniques, such as voice activity detection and keyword spotting recognition, help the analysis and enhance the precision of the results; the beginning and end times of speech region are used to detect work events, and recognized keywords are used to conduct work estimation. In our system all the results are visualized in a 3D model, and it makes employers and employees help their operations.


OBJECTIVE To summarize the nuring care experience byclinical observation and nuring care research which can beconducted in 46 patients with severe aplastic anemia caused bybenzene poisoning. METHOD To summarize the nuring care experience,observe andevalutate its effect,review and analysis can be conducted in 46 patients with severe aplastic anemia caused by benzenepoisoning. RESULTS Effective nuring care is the key not only to improve the Survive rate and the living condition of SAA,but also to reduce their complication.


Abstract
A serological survey, with the hemagglutination inhibition test and comprising 1,552 sera from female children and teenagers living in Angola, was made to determine the rate of immune response against rubella virus. On the average, 73% of the study population possessed rubella antibody. However, in several areas the percentages of sera with antibody were as low as 60%, 66%, and 69%.


The electrocatalytic oxidation of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) by two redox polymers was evaluated from steady-state measurements at drop-coated solid graphite electrodes in 0.25 M phosphate buffer, pH 7.0, at 0 mV (vs. SCE). The redox polymers studied comprised a styrene polymer incorporating positive charges through quaternary amines and Toluidine Blue 0 (TBO) moieties (ST) and a branched polyethylenimine with part of its primary amine groups loaded with TBO (PE). The catalytic efficiencyjudged from the maximum NADH sensitivity for the PE polymer was estimated to be 230 μa cm.−2 mM−1 at a coverage of 40 μgcm−2 and for the ST polymer 300 μAcm−2 cmM−1 at about 100 μg cm−2. Reagentless biosensors sensing D-glucose and L-malate were constructed from bulk modified carbon paste containing the PE redox polymer, NAD+, polyethylenimine (PEI) and D-glucose dehydrogenase or L-malate dehydrogenase. The D-glucose and L-malate sensors were characterized in a flow injection system by apparent j′max− and K′M-values of 230 μA cm−2 and 62mM and 3.3 μAcm−2 and 1.7mM, respectively. It was shown for glucose dehydrogenase that the presence of PEI in the paste in addition to the PE polymer, drastically improved the enzymatic conversion of glucose to gluconic acid.


A graph X is said to be strongly distance-balanced whenever for any edge uv of X and any positive integer i , the number of vertices at distance i from u and at distance i + 1 from v is equal to the number of vertices at distance i + 1 from u and at distance i from v . It is proven that for any integers k ≥ 2 and n ≥ k 2 + 4 k + 1, the generalized Petersen graph GP( n , k ) is not strongly distance-balanced.