The compliance calibrations for the compact (CS) and crack-line-wedge-loaded (CLWL) specimens have been determined by experimental measurements and by boundary-collocation analysis. The CS and CLWL specimen configurations were modeled more accurately than those used in previous analytical investigations. Polynomial expressions for the compliance at various stations along the crack line for CS and CLWL specimens are presented. The compliance calibrations for the center-crack tension (CCT) specimen have been determined theoretically by boundary-collocation and finite-element analysis. The calculated compliance values for the CCT specimen are compared with values obtained from the Irwin-Westergaard expression and from a modification to the Irwin-Westergaard expression proposed by Eftis and Liebowitz. The Eftis-Liebowitz expression was found to be in good agreement (plus or minus 2 percent) with both analyses for crack aspect ratios up to 0.8 and for gage half-span to specimen width ratios up to 0.5.


This study assesses the impacts of the recent global financial crisis on the relative attractiveness of 125 countries between 2007 2011. Using a strategic model of international expansion that quantifies incorporates countries' market potential (population size, gross domestic product [GDP] growth, per capita GDP), market risks (economic, political, legal, regulatory), distance (cultural, geographic), it confirms that some countries have become significantly less attractive (Ireland, Greece, Japan, etc.), while others have become much more attractive (Taiwan, Korea, etc.) as expansion markets for international companies. This study underscores the need for a strategic approach to international expansion decisions. The model can be used by business executives as a risk management tool in international expansion decision making. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.


The 1971 Conference of ATM was designed to serve a dual purpose: to acquaint members with some of the latest developments in our field by means of papers, discussions and the usual social forum and also to essay a conscious exploration of the learning process which takes place during the training of managers. The Conference fell into three parts: 1. Presentation of two formal papers, one by Tom Scott, lately of the Boeing Corporation and the other by Ken Lawrence of the Distributive Industry Training Board, both of which displayed originality of thought and action. 2. Two major case studies (East Moors and Mothercare) presented in a visually attractive manner and supported by speakers from the participating companies. 3. A continuing programme of member activity in seminar and discussion groups, monitored by Sheppard, Moscow and Associates using Pro-


Time‐of‐flight spectra for Maxwell–Boltzman (MB) distributions of antiprotons initially held in an ion trap and detected after being launched through a 50‐cm‐long shielding drift tube have been calculated. The distributions used are of temperature 0.4–40 K, cubic length 0.003–3.0 cm, and number 10–100 particles. The mutual Coulomb repulsion of the particles causes a reduction in the number of late arrival particles expected from the MB velocity distribution. The Coulomb energy is not equally divided among the particles during the expansion. The energy is transferred preferentially to the outer particles so that the reduction in the number of slow particles is not necessarily large. The reduction factor is found to be greater than unity when the potential energy of the trapped ions is greater than ∼5% of the ions' kinetic energy and is ∼2 for the launch parameters of the Los Alamos antiproton gravity experiment.


The Steel Authority of India Ltd. is one of the seven Maharatana companies and the leading steel producer in India. It has its plants and sub-units situated all across the country with major presence in the eastern and central regions of the country. The company is eminently the largest producer of iron ore and it has the second largest mines network in the country. This research study is based on secondary data. Ratio analysis technique was used by considering last five years annual reports. The purpose of this research paper was to find out the financial condition of the company, compare the historical performance and current financial condition of the company. The methodology adopted for the study was Ratio analysis and cash flow statement of the company. The trend of these ratios over time is studied to check whether they are improving or deteriorating. Usually, a high inventory (stock) turnover indicates efficient management of inventory because more frequently the stocks are sold, the lesser amount of money is required to finance the inventory. The goal is to have a working capital ratio higher than zero. A negative working capital ratio means a company, if it had to pay off all its creditors today, could not do so. The Company paid interim dividend @ 17.5% of the paid-up equity share capital during the year. Company can increase their current assets or try to reduce current liabilities like loan up to 1 year. Company can utilize its raw materials effectively and efficiently.


In regards to transplantation, urban people are disproportionately affected by the donor shortage. The high morbidity rates and decreased willingness to donate commonplace among these demographics has created a devastating imbalance. Increasing urban donor presence will make the allocation process more favorable for urban candidates. The current study entailed the provision of a culturally sensitive educational intervention to sixty-five (n=65) students at The University of Southern Punjab Surveys were administered pre/post intervention to assess knowledge and attitudes towards donation. Pre-intervention data reflected findings from prior research. Post- intervention data showed that the intervention was able to mitigate these findings and that it was more effective in urban people, lamenting the need for more culturally specific approaches in the efforts to increase donor presence.


A novel tubular ion mirror has been designed for reflectron time-of-flight mass spectrometry (TOF-MS). This design consists of only three cylindrical elements. With this mirror, an electric field is achieved that is non-linear along the mirror axis and has improved off-axis homogeneity compared with conventional simple geometry ion mirrors. The practical operation of this mirror is simpler than that of conventional diaphragm ion mirrors. Design parameters, including the relative lengths and voltages of the three elements, can be determined empirically. Once the mirror depth dimensions have been implemented, the voltages of the middle and rear elements are the only adjustable parameters. The electric field achieved by the mirror deviates only slightly from a linear mirror with constant field strength. The second-order deviation curve reveals two regions of curvature; all ions are turned around in the second curvature region. A plot of arrival time vs ion kinetic energy has a flattened "S" shape. The aspects of this shape are affected by the voltages of the middle and rear elements. SIMION 7 simulation demonstrates that this new non-linear ion mirror can perform second-order kinetic energy correction for large kinetic energy variation (33%) and substantial beam dimensions. Both the ion kinetic energy variation and the mirror element voltages affect the mass resolution obtained with the mirror. Ion trajectory simulations with a 10 mm diameter beam from a standard, two-field source predict that baseline resolution can be 16,000, 7600 and 1200 for 15%, 26% and 33% kinetic energy variations, respectively.


The clocks built by Coster and several drawings attributed to Huygens, clearly show that they attempted to incorporate features in their clocks to alter the path of the pendulum bob to overcome this problem. Specifically, there were clocks which had curved metal plates, now known as "chops", on either side of the pendulum suspension. These were placed so that the suspension thread could wrap around them over an arc of about 50° either side of the rest position. The path followed by the pendulum bob was therefore by definition an involute of the shape of the chops.


Time delay frequently occurs in electrical and mechanical systems. In addition, systems such as population and economic growth, epidemic growth, and neural networks are commonly modelled by delay-differential equations. Although it is difficult to solve time-delay systems, we can apply the delay matrix L(s) to simplify the problem. As has been shown, Taylor series have the simplest operational properties. Therefore, we can apply the integration and delay matrix of Taylor series via transformation. As a result, we can derive all of the polynomial delay matrices with arbitrary time delay.


Glucocorticoids and melatonin show immunomodulatory functions, acting as both stimulators and suppressors of the immune response, depending on the context. While their immune properties are well explored in mammals, in amphibians there are still few studies on this immune-endocrine interaction in an inflammatory context, all of them under captivity conditions. Evaluating how these animals react in the field to an immune challenge can bring relevant information regarding how immune-physiological parameters are modulated in natural conditions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of an immune challenge, represented by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) injection, in different activity times of toads (Rhinella icterica) recently captured in their natural habitat in Atlantic Forest. The following parameters were evaluated: bacterial killing ability, hormone levels (plasma corticosterone, melatonin and testosterone) and gene expression of cytokines. LPS injection induced an increase in corticosterone plasma levels and in the gene expression of interleukin-1β. Time of injection affected some of the cytokines response, indicating a higher inflammatory response at the beginning of the night. Our results show that LPS induced an inflammatory response, with time of injection affecting some of the evaluated parameters, showing a similar pattern found in other studies in captivity. While this work found results associated more with the first stage of the inflammatory response, other studies should evaluate further stages in the montage of an immune response.


Cognitive impairments in type 1 diabetes may result from hyperglycemia‐associated cerebral microangiopathy. We aimed to identify cerebral microangiopathy and skin microvascular dysfunction—as a surrogate marker for generalized microvascular function—as predictors of cognitive performance over time.


Background: Many options are available for the treatment of postoperative pain. By considering patients' preferences and making an individualized assessment of the risks and benefits of each treatment modality, the clinician can optimize the postoperative analgesic regimen for each patient. Material method: Female patients of age between 30 to 60 years undergoing elective abdominal and vaginal hysterectomies were included in this study. Hysterectomies performed under spinal anesthesia. Group I constituted patients who received Tramadol 50 mg intravenously; Group II constituted patients who received Pentazocine 30 mg intravenously for post-operative analgesia. The study drugs were administered postoperatively to the patients after the effect of spinal anesthesia wears off and the patient complained of pain. Before administering the study drug an assessment Visual analogue score of was done, and after giving the study drug, the pain was assessed subjectively at 0 minutes and at every 30 minutes for 6 hrs. Each patient's pain was recorded on a scale 0-10 by their response to a visual analogue pain scale. The onset of analgesic action, time at which maximum pain relief occurs, duration of minimal pain, a total duration of analgesic action and any acute side effects were noted, the average cost-effective ratio was studied. Results: The range of onset of analgesia in both the groups was 10 to 20 minutes when comparing the mean value of onset of analgesia of the two groups, the mean value of the tramadol group was 14.92 ± 3.89 minutes and that of pentazocine was 14.66 ± 3.23 minutes. The range of duration of analgesia in the two groups was the same, which was 5 to 6 hours. The mean duration of postoperative analgesia in the tramadol group was 5.77 ± 0.33 hours, whereas in the pentazocine group it was 5.67 ± 0.39 hours. In the tramadol group 45 patients (90%) had only mild pain and 5 patients (10%) had moderate pain. Whereas in pentazocine group 40 (80%) patients had mild pain and 10 patients (20%) had moderate pain. The duration of minimal pain in both groups was 1.5 hours (from 2 to 3.5 hours). The common side effects were nausea, vomiting, headache, drowsiness, respiratory depression. Conclusion: We conclude that intravenous tramadol 50 mg and intravenous pentazocine 30 mg produced adequate postoperative analgesia and intravenous tramadol 50 mg was safe and more cost effective.


This paper introduces the virtual storage technique and its application in detail from the concept of the virtual storage,the classification of the virtual storage,the implementation modes of the virtual storage technique,the features of the virtual storage,and the application of the virtual storage,etc.


The chapter on consonants concludes with extensive distribution charts of consonant occurrences in initial, final and medial positions. One wonders whether a deeper phonological analysis would supply us with the allophonic rules missing here. Tables revealing the frequency of occurrences may be of interest for problem-setting, and for the organization of the data, but when they do not contribute to the final phonological analysis, one feels that such statistical data might well be left out. The presentation of the vowel analysis is similar to that of consonant analysis. Again, the author's concept of the phoneme remains unclear. Finally, in the chapter ' Les combinaisons ' the syllable structure is dealt with. In my opinion this is one of the strongest parts of the study. I was impressed by the author's interpretation of the evolution of various syllable structures; however, the explanations which follow on the combination of sounds seem to me to be too detailed in the light of the fact that the highly relevant linguistic results which would justify such lengthy presentation are not supplied. The numerous tables could be reduced and replaced by short interpretations. As mentioned earlier, the syntax section follows immediately on the phonology and at the very end comes the short chapter on morphology. Again, the syntax is limited here to determiners within the noun phrase. Most parts of this chapter are an extensive presentation of well-organized data rather than an analytical description. In some cases the author tries to operate with a deeper analysis, e.g. when he talks of complementary distribution, but in many cases he leaves the analysis to the reader. The short chapter on relative clauses, however, is very well analysed and interpreted. To conclude, much credit must go to the author for the well-organized presentation of his data. Given his selectivity in the choice of topics for analysis, however, the general title is a little too promising. This is especially true of the second section (syntax and morphology), where he treats only a few of the topics of the syntax of the noun phrase and its morphology. On the other hand, he supplies us with firsthand linguistic materials about a hitherto little-known language. As the title gives this volume as I, we may look forward to a second volume. It is to be hoped that Nougayrol will fill in some of the remaining gaps and make clearer statements on the genetic classification of the language. I would also hope that the author will look at other methods of linguistic description and choose the most suitable one(s) for his analysis.


proceedings of the "Colloquium Pierre de Vingle" (McGill University) and the new edition of Marcourt's Livre des Marchands (Institut d'Histoire de la Réformation) on the way, it is hard not to believe that the study of the evangelist movement is undergoing a profound renewal. A balanced picture of the evangelist movement — with all its inconsistencies, variety, and energy — is beginning to emerge. AMY C. GRAVES State University of New York at Buffalo


The article discusses education concept of"centering on music aesthetics"put forward by the new course standard of the fundamental music education.It analyses it from the aspects of vague reasons of conscious emergence, background and connotation.


—The development of ganglioside sialidase and of four different p‐nitrophenyl glycosidases in human brain was investigated including both prenatal and postnatal periods. The developmental curve for sialidase was different from that of the other glycosidases. While p‐nitrophenyl glycosidases showed high activities at an early stage of development (21 foetal weeks), and remained at about the same level, ganglioside sialidase was not detected before the foetal age of 15‐20 weeks. The sialidase activity at term reached about half the adult level and there was a possible decrease in activity during the first year. The sialidase activity then increased, approaching the adult level at about the age of 5 years. The development of the ganglioside sialidase activity in human brain can be related to changes in the concentration of individual brain ganglioside components. The late maturation of the sialidase system in relation to other glycohydrolases is also discussed as a possible protective mechanism for sialic acid‐containing compounds during the early period of development.


A novel H2 optimal control performance assessment and benchmarking problem is considered for discrete‐time state‐space multivariable systems, where the structure of the controller is assumed to be fixed apriori. The controller structure may be specified to be of PID, reduced order, or lead/lag forms. The theoretical problem considered is to represent the state‐space model in discrete polynomial matrix form and to then obtain the causal, stabilising, controller, of a prespecified form, that minimises an H2 criterion. This then provides the performance measure against which other controllers can be judged. The underlying practical problem of importance is to obtain a simple method of performance assessment and benchmarking low order controllers.


Through statement about content material,mixing proportion,capacity as well as impacting factors,constructional technique and its application in project,the paper proposes problems need to be solved in application of GRC,so as to popularize application of GRC.


Summary

By studying a simple model of a pass-through magnetometer we show that there are circumstances in which misleading results might arise if the spatial sensitivity of the instrument is not properly corrected. For example, if the core sample is not correctly centred, or the magnetometer itself is misaligned, serious distortion can appear in the inferred inclination distribution.

The possibility of such errors warrants a thorough study of laboratory instruments and, as a first step, we require a spatial calibration, that is, an estimate of the sensitivity of the various coils to samples placed anywhere in the sensing region. Only when this information is available for laboratory magnetometers will it be possible to calculate suitable corrections. The fact that laboratory magnetometers employ superconducting material makes inferring the response from the geometry of the coils impractical because the field from a specimen is modified inside the instrument by image currents flowing in the superconducting elements. To overcome this obstacle we treat a very general calibration problem.

We show that the sensitivity of a particular coil as a function of position obeys Laplace's equation, and therefore the description in space of the sensitivity is mathematically exactly the same as modelling the geomagnetic field. A calibration experiment consists of several hundred measurements performed on a tiny dipole sample, systematically positioned throughout the sensing volume of the instrument. From such observations we aim to construct a harmonic interpolating function that represents the response in the measurement region. The natural geometry for the problem is that of a cylinder, so we work from the cylindrical harmonic expansion of an equivalent magnetic field.

Cylindrical harmonic expansions take the form of an infinite set of unknown functions, not just a collection of coefficients as with spherical harmonics. To build a suitable interpolating function from them we appeal to the principles of spline interpolation by constructing a model that minimizes some measure of response complexity. We examine in detail two such measures. The first corresponds to magnetic field energy; the second is a more abstract norm that smoothes more heavily than the energy norm, and whose Gram matrix elements can be found without recourse to lengthy numerical procedures. The second norm promises to form the basis of a practical programme of calibration.


Objective To investigate related factors of livability on Premature Very Low-Birth-Weight-Infant(PVLBWI),and to find evidences that reduce the mortality and the deformity rate.Methods 226 PVLBWL cases were divided into 3 groups.And made retrespective studies.(from 1999.9 to 2005.9).Results There are 170 cases that had cured.The cure rate is 75.2%(170/226).It rises along with the weight increase(P0.05).It is on average(29±13)days of the treatment in hospital.It is shortened along with the weigh increase(P0.05).There is 30 infants in the group dead,the death rate is 13.2%(30/226).It reduces along with increasing(P0.01).The major reasons are excessive-embryo-pregnancy(27.8%),amnion-early-break(22.5%),combine-symptom in pregnancy(13.7%),practice-premature(2.6%),chronic illness in gestation(1.76%) and unclear reason(31.6%).The infants in hospital all have more than one combine symptoms.It is 85.3% in the group which weight ≤1000g.The lower weight,the more combine symptoms(P0.01).The livability is 85.1% in the gruop;the livability is 56.3% in which weight ≤1000g.The mostly effect reasons of death are bleeding in lung,breath-embarrassment,synthesis,infection and bleeding in encephalic.Conclusion To improve the near and far livability and reduce the mortality and the deformity rate of the VLBWI,and supervising care strictly,managing the combine symptom in time.


The management of global investment portfolios is a complex extension of single-country or domestic fund management. Clearly currencies must be explicitly considered, and the cultural differences among countries raise some important questions regarding investor preferences, market efficiency, and security analysis. Another aspect of global portfolio management concerns the degree to which countries and companies within countries are linked—the extent to which international markets are integrated or segmented. l


Accessibility is core to transport geography, drawing as it does on the relationship between people and place in understanding the ability of people to access destinations and the attractiveness of destinations to populations. A volume dedicated to accessibility with contributions from some of the leading researchers in the field is a welcome contribution. The book encapsulates the broad spectrum of work which may come under the umbrella of accessibility. From theoretical to applied, from people focussed to place focussed, individual to aggregate and from economic progress to promoting well-being, the long, varied history of accessibility as a concept in transport planning is borne out in the chapters in this volume. While such a broad approach is important given the breadth of the concept, care needs to be taken in interpreting exactly what is meant by 'accessibility'. It is clear within the chapters of this volume that there is not an consensus regarding what accessibility means. This is not in itself problematic, but does highlight to need for those studying the subject to be clear what they mean by accessibility. The book is structured in five parts, focussing on concepts, local accessibility, economic valuation, social equity and exclusion and transport planning and measurement. The first section 'Accessibility Concepts: new approaches' presents three examples of measuring or understanding accessibility in light of new technologies or emerging methodological approaches. Following Reggiani's discussion of complex networks and spatial interaction models, Van Wee, Chorus and Geurs provide a comprehensive overview of how emerging information technologies might impact both our measurement of and individuals' experiences of accessibility. Given the pace of change, presenting an up to date overview is no small task and the authors acknowledge that they do not attempt to propose solutions for adapting to technological change but instead present a research synthesis and provide a platform for future research. Zöllig's agent based modelling approach attempts to incorporate more behavioural aspects into modelling accessibility changes as a result of changes to transport infrastructure rather than focussing just on travel time measures. It seems unusual to begin the book with emerging approaches rather than introducing basic concepts and the first chapter in particular is not a welcoming introduction given the complexity involved. That said, it makes for interesting reading to understand where the subject is heading and presents exciting new areas for research at the outset. The chapters in the second section, 'Dimensions of Local Accessibility' take a more people focussed approach to measuring


The invention provides a multifunctional ternary composite material and a preparation method thereof .The preparation method comprises the steps that bamboo powder and jute fiber are placed into a grinder to be ground, screened to remove large particles, and placed into a drying oven to be dried to obtain mixed powder; high density polyethylene, polypropylene and rubber powder are added into an internal mixer to be mixed, the mixed powder is added for mixing, mercaptoacetic acid, N-phenyl-alpha-anilin, p-phenylenediamine, vinyl triethoxy silane, ethylene bis-stearamide, zinc stearate, maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene, polyacrylate and polyvinyl alcohol are added, subjected to mixing continuously, added into a double-screw extruder for extrusion granulation, and finally injection molding is performed through an injection molding machine to obtain the multifunctional ternary composite material .The multifunctional ternary composite material has the excellent mechanical property and good elasticity and tenacity and meanwhile has the good impact resistance.


Rationale Salvinorin A, the primary psychoactive derivative of the hallucinogenic herb Salvia divinorum, is a potent and highly selective kappa-opioid receptor (KOR) agonist. Several recent studies, however, have suggested endocan-nabinoid system mediation of some of its effects. Objectives This study represents a systematic examination of this hypothesis. Methods Salvinorin A was isolated from S. divinorum and was evaluated in a battery of in vitro and in vivo procedures designed to detect cannabinoid activity, including CB 1 receptor radioligand and [ 35 S]GTPγS binding, calcium flux assay, in vivo cannabinoid screening tests, and drug discrimination. Results Salvinorin A did not bind to nor activate CB 1 receptors. In vivo salvinorin A produced pronounced hypolocomotion and antinociception (and to a lesser extent, hypothermia). These effects were blocked by the selective KOR antagonist, JDTic, but not by the CB 1 receptor antagonist rimonabant. Interestingly, however, rimonabant attenuated KOR activation stimulated by U69,593 in a [ 35 S]GTPγS assay. Salvinorin A did not substitute for Δ 9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) in mice trained to discriminate THC. Conclusions These findings suggest that similarities in the pharmacological effects of salvinorin A and those of cannabinoids are mediated by its activation of KOR rather than by any direct action of salvinorin A on the endocan-nabinoid system. Further, the results suggest that rimona-bant reversal of salvinorin A effects in previous studies may be explained in part by rimonabant attenuation of KOR activation. Salvia divinorum is a powerful psychoactive herb used in traditional spiritual and curative practices by the indigenous Mazatec people of southern Mexico (Wasson 1962). Despite its potent hallucinogenic properties, the Mazatecs have exploited S. divinorum for a variety of therapeutic purposes, including treatment of rheumatism, headache, and diarrhea (Valdes et al. 1983), conditions once treated with cannabis in India (Schultes 1979). The herb has also been smoked as a marijuana substitute by young Mexicans (Valdes 1994; Valdes et al. 1983) and recently has been gaining prominence as a drug of abuse in the United States and Europe (Giroud et al. 2000). The primary psychoactive constituent of S. divinorum is the trans-neoclerodane diterpenoid, salvinorin A (Fig. 1), a compound that is distinct in structure and mechanism of action from typical alkaloid hallucinogens such as lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), N,N'-dimethyltryptamine, and mescaline (Roth et al. 2002; Valdes et al. 1983). In addition, salvinorin A is one of the most potent naturally occurring hallucinogens known, similar in potency to LSD. Inhaled …


Agriculture is an important sector for Rwanda's economy, employing about 70% of the labor force, accounting for 27% of the national GDP and providing 90% of food consumed locally. However, the sector remains predominantly subsistence farming and faces various risks and uncertainty, including recurrent extreme weather events. To mitigate the risks and minimize economic losses incurred by smallholder farmers, an index-based insurance scheme was launched. In this paper, we investigate the current state of the index-based crop insurance in Rwanda, and explore the potential of earth observation (EO) to improve the existing products, in terms of pricing and products transparency.


Roundabouts are one of the biggest areas in road intersection. The special form of at-grade intersection is roundabout which is laid out for the movement of traffic in one direction. In urban area, total quantity of vehicles increase very sharply. Quantities of vehicles are also increasing at the intersection of post office chowmuhani area as well as circuit house area in Agartala, Tripura. With this increasing rate of vehicles may cause congestion, delay and accident in intersection. The study shows that the Post office chowmuhani and in Circuit House chowmuhani roundabouts the total traffic capacity is 3599 PCU/hour and 2970 PCU/hour respectively. Hence, as per the study it expected that the Circuit House chowmuhani roundabout will be collapsed by the year 2022.


Epileptologists have long assumed that the pathologic process in temporal lobe epilepsy is confined to the temporal lobe. However, these authors previously found dopaminergic changes in the basal ganglia in patients with specific, severe seizure syndromes. To further explore the role of the basal ganglia in epilepsy, the researchers have now used PET and MRI to study the functions and structures of the caudate, putamen, and substantia nigra in 12 patients with medically intractable left temporal lobe …


Layering buried tube around with phy-sical geotechnical properties,simulate ground source heat pump(GSHP) buried tube unsteady heat transfer process,which is on summer refrigeration conditions.With general heat transfer model simulation results contrast,analysis drilling outside temperature field hot effect characteristic.Use multilayer geotechnical heat transfer model and a certain distance away from drilling in geotechnical temperature field distribution with running time change rule,and importing flow velocity,soil thermal physical parameters on buried tube around the influence of geotechnical temperature field distribution.Calculation results provide ground source heat pump ground heat exchanger dynamic simulation,optimization design for reference.


The physical properties and the phase behaviour of some nematic liquid crystals are discussed, with emphasis on the influence of short-range antiparallel dipole correlation that occurs in mesogenic compounds with a strong terminal dipole moment. Evidence for this effect, which stems especially from dielectric studies, is summarized. Variations of the dipole correlation with molecular structure can explain the sometimes unexpected phase behaviour and physical properties of these substances. A qualitative model is given in terms of a monomer-dimer equilibrium. During the last decade a growing interest has developed in the 'molecular engineering' of liquid crystalline materials to obtain specific properties. Here three aspects can be distinguished: chemical properties (discussed by others at this meeting); phase behaviour, like mesomorphic temperature range and nematic-smectic behaviour; physical properties, like birefringence, dielectric anisotropy and visco-elastic properties. The demands with respect to the first two points being largely satisfied, attention has shifted to methods of influencing the physical properties. Here we can distinguish two points: the properties of the molecules themselves, and the interactions through which a molecular property influences the macroscopic behaviour. So far attention has been directed mainly towards the first of these two. However, it seems that the interactions mentioned above are far more variable than was commonly thought some years ago. This insight is mainly due to new results from the synthetic chemists, who have presented us with new mesogenic compounds that often show a behaviour that is rather unexpected from a more traditional point of view. In this paper I wish to show that many of these unexpected results can be rationalized in terms of differences in short-range correlation between the molecules. The plan of the paper is as follows. In ? 2 some of the more classical relations between molecular properties and macroscopic physical properties will be summarized. Next, in ? 3, the evidence for short-range correlations will be discussed, emphasizing results from relatively recently synthesized compounds with strongly polar end-groups like CN, saturated ring systems, or both. Finally these results are used to understand at least qualitatively some of the features of the observed phase behaviour (? 4) and of the macroscopic physical properties (? 5).


For the first time, refractive-index changes are described which are due to laser irradiation in a Mach-Zehnder interferometer composed of TiO 2 -doped silica optical waveguides on an Si substrate. A maximum refractive-index change of about 1.0×10 -5 is obtained around 1.5 μm at an Ar + laser throughput power of 2.1 W and an irradiation time of 1 h even though the concentration of TiO 2 is very low (about 0.3 mol.%)


Linearization technique is essential for the controller design and analysis of complex nonlinear plants. At least, the linear affine form of the original nonlinear process is required. However, the traditional linearization methods are approximation-based with unmodeled dynamics involved. In this work, a new local dynamic linearization method is proposed using differential mean-value theorem, which can be estimated by using the I/O data only. Then, a new model-free adaptive control is proposed by using the principle of optimality, where the controller design and analysis is data-driven without using any model information. The effectiveness of the proposed method is demonstrated by the simulation results.


Adsorption of phthalic acid/phthalate has been investigated on anodically oxidized aluminium foils - used in wet electrolytic capacitors -, by different spectroscopic methods like UV, infrared, Ram ...


Obtaining the desired characteristics of products having complex geometry from compositions comprising powdered dissimilar materials used in the formation of consumable patterns allows the scope of application of specific precision casting methods to be extended. It is established that, when forming compacts having complex configurations using a mixture of wax and water-soluble components, it is impossible to achieve the distribution of properties in the volume of the final product, which determines the change in the geometry of compacts as a result of the elastic response of compacted material. The issue associated with the elastic response of such compacted material can be solved in an experiment, establishing the influence of the initial packing and compacting parameters of wax elements on the stress-strain state of the compact. In the paper, the research results represented as experimental polynomial dependences of stress on deformation in compacted bodies with various initial packing options, deformable plastic and elastic elements, are presented. The means of controlling the dimensional and geometric parameters of the final compacts from wax model materials obtained in the process of uniaxial compaction by regulating its stress-strain state are presented.


Mathematics is an important nature exploration tool used by all natural sciences. So it is usual that mathematical calculations are part of school science education. But how are these calculations perceived by the learners themselves? What are their attitudes to this part of the teaching process? The answer to this question is important for any teacher who seeks to improve her/his teaching experience. The paper deals with the research of learners´ attitudes towards using mathematical calculations within physics lessons. Semantic differential for the sample of 230 primary and secondary school pupils was used in order to determine their attitudes towards this aspect and investigate the influence of grade and gender on the attitudes. The analysis of acquired data shows slightly negative learners´attitude to the mathematical calculations and some particular differences between grades and genders.


This study aims to identity the form of marketing flow, marketing margins, farmer's share in each flow and marketing efficiency of red chilli. This researeh was conducted in the Sidera Village Sigi Biromaru Sub Districk Sigi District. The number of respondents were 33 respondents of 50 farmers using simple random sampling method. To determine the trader respondent, tracing sampling method were used with two collecting traders and two retailer traders. Therefore, the total number of respondents were 37 respondents.The results of the analysis showed that the total of marketing margin of red chili received in the first flow were Rp. 6,000.00, and in the second flow were Rp.2,000.00. Farmer's share in the first flow was 89.47 %, and in the second flow was 90.00 %. Therefore, farmer's share in the second flow was highest. There are two flow marketing of Red Chili in Sidera village 1. Farmers trader collecting Retailer Consumers 2.Farmers Retailer Consumers Marketing in the second flowis more eficient than in the first flow, because farmer's share in the second channels was higher than in the first channels.


The financial crisis of 2008 highlighted the debilitating effect that a disruption in the banking sector can have on the macro-economy. Not surprisingly, therefore, preserving banking sector stability has occupied center stage in regulatory and policy making circles. As well, the popular narrative describes the crisis as an outcome, at least partially, of increased deregulation of the banking sector over the last two decades. In this context, an important question arises: does deregulation lead to instability in the banking sector? In this overarching theme, in this paper, we examine the effect of the deregulation of bank entry on bank stability.In theory, the effect of the deregulation of bank entry on bank stability is ambiguous. On the one hand, theoretical models provide opposing predictions about the effect of bank competition on the stability of banks. On the other hand, deregulation of bank entry may result simultaneously in greater competition in the local banking market as well as greater consolidation among banks in the economy. Therefore, this question has to be answered empirically. Using the staggered deregulation of entry restrictions by U.S. states, we find that deregulation of bank entry enhances bank stability by lowering instances of bank failures. Consistent with the effects being strongest in environments where the structure of banking markets changed the most, the effects are mainly due to intra-state deregulation and in states that had unit banking laws. We do not find any placebo effects as evidenced by deregulation having no effect on failure of thrifts. Furthermore, pre-existing bank failures in a state did not determine its timing of deregulation, which assures against any reverse causal effects. The reduction in bank failures seemed to result from: benefits from greater geographic diversification; and banks becoming more efficient post deregulation.


A 17year-old boy presented with history of repeated upper abdominal pain with no vomiting. The results of a routine investigation, including an abdomen ultrasound and serum amylase, were normal, and his hemoglobin was 8.2 g/dL. The patient underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy (Fig. 1). Hookworm (Necator americanus and Ancylostoma duodenale) is acquired when contaminated soil comes into contact with skin. Infective larvae enter blood vessels in the skin and can reach the heart and lungs. Larvae then penetrate the air spaces, migrate up the pulmonary tree, are swallowed with saliva and pass into the small intestine, where they mature. Adult worms feed on intestinal mucosa cells and blood. Light infestation causes no symptoms, but moderate to heavy infestation leads to iron deficiency and anemia as well as abdominal pain. Hookworm can be visible endoscopically, but the patient's diagnosis was made by identifying eggs (Fig. 2). The patient was treated orally with a single dose of 400 mg albendazole, and his pain subsided.At follow-up, his hemoglobin level had improved as a result of taking iron supplements.


During spermatogenesis, genes are sequentially activated and inactivated in a complex developmental program to produce a highly differentiated cell with unique functional specializations. Many of these genes are activated only during this process. The properties of these testis-specific gene products must be well adapted to the physiological requirements of both spermatozoa and the differentiating germ cells. The C4 isozyme of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH-C4; LDH-X) is an excellent example of such a testisand sperm-specific gene product. The biochemical properties, physiology, and biological specificity of this isozyme have been reviewed'-3 and can be briefly summarized. LDH-C4 is observed only in mature testes and sperm. This isozyme is first detectable in the mid-pachytene primary spe rma t~cy te ,~ ,~ and synthesis of LDHC4 continues into spermiogenesi~.~.~ This tissue specificity is consistent with adaptation of enzymic properties to metabolic requirements, and the kinetic properties of LDH-C4 are different from LDH-A4 and LDH-B4.2 However, no completely satisfying physiological rationale for a third LDH isozyme has emerged from numerous s t ~ d i e s . ~ * ~ * ~ The high concentration of LDH-Cd present during spermatogenesis is consistent with adaptation to the metabolic requirements of spermatocytes and spermatids as well as to those of Since Sertoli cells provide lactate to round spermatids as an energy source9 and since high concentrations of lactate are observed in both rete testis fluidi0 and oviductal fluid," the relative insensitivity of LDH-C4 to inhibition by lactate would seem physiologically relevant. I2 l4 For complete biochemical characterization, mouse LDH-C4 has been purified to crystalline homogeneity.is The three-dimensional structure was determined to 2.9 b; resolution by X-ray crystallography,16 and complete sequences for both mouse and rat LDH-C4 have recently become available. These structural studies confirm that LDH-C is homologous to the LDH-A and LDH-B subunits. However, LDH-C4 displays extensive substitutions in amino acid sequence and some modifications in three-dimensional structure. The immune response to LDH-C4 reflects its chemical and biological specificity. This isozyme is a potent antigen, even in males of the species from which it was isolated. l8 Antibodies to LDH-C4 do not react with LDH isozymes composed


This report describes a radio propagation measurement campaign that has been performed along paths between the Netherlands and the United Kingdom. The campaign focused on UHF propagation on mixed land/sea paths. Special attention was given to calibration accuracy and validation of the measurement data. The result is a highly accurate and very extensive set of measurement data, that can be used for validation of existing propagation models and models being (re)developed. Inaccuracies in the model have been indicated by several parties since the introduction in 2001 of the propagation model of Rec. ITU-R P. 1546, specifically on paths where radio waves travel partly over land and partly over sea. This research seeks to check the existence of these inaccuracies and assess their impact. Furthermore an analysis is made of possible causes in order to initiate discussion on how to correct them. The measurement results have been compared with calculations using the propagation model of Recommendation ITU-R P.1546-4. The differences between the model and measurements have been analyzed to obtain conclusions on the existence and the magnitude of the error.


Summary The purpose of this paper is to introduce basic principles of benchmarking and explain the methodology to set the specific energy consumption (SEC) target for the beer and beverage industry in Vietnam to evaluate performance, support decisions, and energy efficiency (EE) improvement. Energy benchmarking management method is used to assess EE performance. This study also presents the SEC methodology as a guide for Vietnam enterprises in the brewery sector on how to manage the EE consumption and to comply with the legal energy consumption quota in the beer and beverage production. The study supports the enterprise in how to determine the SEC and support for national EE is essential to the promotion and deployment of practical energy-saving solutions and compliance with the SEC through a suitable energy-saving target. In addition, this paper is introducing the original SEC calculation in three cases of production in the beer and beverage industry including producing beer only, producing beverage only, and producing both beer & beverage in the context of Vietnam.


The dynamic traffic assignment of road network with route guidance system is a base for the analysis and evaluation technology of the route guidance system. This paper mainly considered the influence of the traffic control and guidance information on road impedance and the acceptance degree of traveler to the traffic guidance information,and two strategies about the quasi-dynamic traffic assignment: modifying the road impedance and changing the route selection modes,were given. Then,based on the conventional non-equilibrium traffic assignment,the multi-interval quasi-dynamic traffic assignment by the all-or-nothing method under the influence of the changing demand was realized. Finally,the correctness of the assignment strategies and algorithm were verified by a simple example of road network.


Background: Involvement of impaired folate metabolism has been hypothesized to be a potential risk factor for the predisposition of asthma. The reports are conflicting on the potential association between atopic disease and polymorphism of the methylene-tetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR)-gene. Objective: We designed the study to investigate the association of C677T polymorphism of the MTHFR gene with asthma in the Indian population. Methodology: This was a hospital based case control study in which 200 asthmatic cases and 329 controls from North India population were enrolled and the MTHFR gene C677T polymorphism was genotyped by PCRRFLP method. Result: We observed 92.85% of control group as wildtype homozygous, 11.24% and 1.51%as heterozygous and mutant homozygous respectively, while 98.25% and 3.75% of case group as wildtype homozygous and heterozygous respectively. Conclusion: Our finding suggests a lack of association of MTHFR C677T polymorphism with asthma. Further association studies in worldwide populations, involving different ethnic group samples with narrowly defined phenotypes of asthma, could contribute to the understanding of genetic susceptibility to asthma.


1. A method of loading the steam turbine, the turbine vklyuchayuschiypriem loading factor, receiving the current temperature of the exhaust steam of the steam turbine, the definition of the parameter controller changes the flow speed of the linear speed parameter pair and the steam temperature ramp, at least in part on the basis of the turbine loading ratio and the current exhaust temperature of the steam a steam turbine, wherein the parameter is rate of linear change of the steam flow and speed parameter pair ramp temperature determined dissolved at least partly on the basis of the inverse relationship between the parameter ramp rate and steam flow rate parameter ramping the steam temperature; and controlling at least one of the following: (a) a stream of steam entering a steam turbine, at least partially based on the parameter ramp rate of steam flow; or (b) the steam temperature entering a steam turbine, at least in part based on speed parameter ramping para.2 temperature. A method according to claim 1, wherein determining the parameter ramp rate of steam flow velocity and the parameter ramp steam temperature based on the function, according to which the increase of the current temperature of the steam turbine exhaust steam rate parameter ramping the steam temperature decreases, and the speed parameter of the linear change in the flow pair uvelichivaetsya.3. A method according to claim 1, wherein determining the parameter ramp rate of steam flow velocity and the parameter ramp steam temperature based on the function


This paper describes, firstly, an analytical method of computing the eigenvalues of vertical vibration of ships taking into account the distribution of mass, the effect of variable section and the effect of shear deflection and rotary inertia. The fundamental equation is solved by Galerkin's method in the form of numerical integration.For 2 node vertical vibration, the virtual added mass is calculated by Lewis' or Taylor's method and by using it the computed natural frequencies are usually in good agreement with the, observed frequencies. For more than 3 node vertical vibration, however, the virtual added mass calculated by Lewis' or Taylor's method results in considerable discrepancy between the computed and observed frequencies.To explain this discrepancy the author examins the effect of local vibration of ship's bottom on the virtual added mass and obtains a reasonable correction factor for the virtual added mass.Applying the above described method, an analysis of the vertical vibration of two actual cargo ships is shown, and the computed natural frequencies are in good agreement with the observed frequencies for 2 and 3 node vertical vibration.


The ECMWF Ensemble Prediction System 2‐metre temperature forecasts are affected by systematic errors due mainly to resolution inadequacies. Moreover, other errors sources are present: differences in height above sea level between the station and the corresponding grid point, boundary layer parameterisation, and description of the land surface. These errors are more marked in regions of complex orography. A recursive statistical procedure to adapt ECMWF EPS‐2metre temperature fields to 58 meteorological stations on the Mediterranean island of Sardinia is presented. The correction has been made in three steps: (1) bias correction of systematic errors; (2) calibration to adapt the EPS temperature distribution to the station temperature distribution; and (3) doubling the ensemble size with the aim of taking into account the analysis errors. Two years of probabilistic forecasts of freezing are tested by Brier Score, reliability diagram, rank histogram and Brier Skill Score with respect to the climatological forecast. The score analysis shows much better performance in comparison with the climatological forecast and direct model output, for all forecast timse, even after the first step (bias correction). Further gains in skill are obtained by calibration and by doubling the ensemble size. Copyright © 2004 Royal Meteorological Society.


Much has been written about the social isolation of teleworkers. However, professional isolation can also be a problem, especially with regard to obtaining information. Remote workers do not have the same access to information as those working within organisations. Home based teleworkers not only require information for their work, they also need information for setting up and running an office. The paper looks at the kinds of information needed by people working from home and ways of finding such information. The emphasis is on the self employed. The kinds of information covered here are information for setting up a home office, information on running a business, and information on training. Ways of finding information include going to such places as libraries and business advice centres and using publications and electronic sources. (6 pages)


Let $f$ be a transcendental entire function. By a result of Rippon and Stallard, there exist points whose orbit escapes arbitrarily slowly. By using a range of techniques to prove new covering results, we extend their theorem to prove the existence of points which escape arbitrarily slowly within logarithmic tracts and tracts with certain boundary properties. We then give examples to illustrate our results in a variety of tracts.


The dominant neo-Darwinian paradigm of the evolution of cave animals is that the severe aphotic, low food environment with little environmental cyclicity imposes strong selective pressures leading to a convergent (troglomorphic) morphology of reduced pigment and eyes, and elaborated extra-optic sensory structures. Challenges to the paradigm come from two fronts. First, troglomorphic animals occur in many aphotic habitats with relatively abundant food and environmental cyclicity. Second, many permanent reproducing populations in caves are not troglomorphic. A review of data on patterns of troglomorphy confirms both of these points. This suggests that the absence of light, rather than resource level and environmental cyclicity, is the important selective factor, and that other forces are at work, including competition and differences in the age of lineages in subterranean environments. © 2012 The Linnean Society of London, Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2012, ••, ••–••.


Care of persons with living with dementia is complicated by using personal protective equipment (PPE). Masks and other facial coverings although protective, prohibit visualization of lip-reading and nonverbal cues and obscure identity. The purpose of this qualitative study was to determine best practices for effective communication while using PPE from the provider (n=10), resident (n=5), and family perspective (n=4). The 19 participants were recruited from four states. Qualitative content analysis identified two major themes: (1) challenges experienced during nursing home pandemic care, and (2) the communication strategies to overcome PPE challenges. Although our interviews were not focused on experiences outside of using PPE, all participants voiced trauma surrounding the lockdown for residents and separation from their families. All participants expressed pessimism surrounding the PPE, but this was also met with feelings of normalization surrounding its use. The communication strategies discussed focused on emphasizing (1) verbal and nonverbal communication skills, and (2) person-centered communication. The general communication strategies recommended were consistent with expert opinions such as using written messages and gestures, using loud speech, using clear speech, identifying self, and varying approaches based on person and context. Person-centered approaches centered on the staff and resident "knowing each other." Specifically, knowing the resident is essential to understanding their personal barriers and facilitators to successful communication and knowing each other in a personal and trusting manner helps overcome barriers caused by PPE. This study provides practical suggestions for best practices in communication and reinforces the need for person-centered communication focused on psycho-emotional care.


Abstract : The use of flight simulators has been increasing due to the rising costs of operating and maintaining aircraft. At the same time, a drive towards increased simulator fidelity has caused a rapid increase in simulator acquisition and support costs. The rising costs of simulator acquisition and support, coupled with the fact that aircrews assigned to any one of the majority of USAF aircraft types are stationed at numerous geographic locations, provide the impetus to develop an improved methodology for comparing the costs of simulator basing strategies. The methodology includes a comprehensive analysis of the relevant and significant costs of simulator ownership. Using these costs as inputs, a computer program was developed which incorporates learning curve and present value theory into a facility location algorithm. The program determines the number and location of the simulators to satisfy aircrew training at minimum cost. A demonstration of model capabilities and a sensitivity analysis based on the acquisition of the B-52G Weapon System Trainer are included. (Author)


This article studies the structure of and the interdependence among the critical decisions on pricing, inventory, and assortment of a retailer's product line. It considers substitutable retail products that are horizontally differentiated variants under a logit consumer choice model, within a newsvendor-type supply setting and homogeneous pricing. The focus of this article is on analyzing joint pricing and inventory decisions for a given assortment, within a natural Poisson decomposition setting, under a "multiplicative–additive" demand model, where both variance and coefficient of variation of the demand depend on the price. For this problem, a Taylor series-based approximation is developed for the inventory cost and its accuracy is subsequently demonstrated. It is then shown that, under this approximation, the expected profit is unimodal in the price, and sufficient conditions are provided for the "risky" price, at optimal inventory, to be above (or below) the "riskless" price, pertaining to a make-to-order system. It is also shown that inventory considerations alter the behavior of the risky price in demand and cost parameters. Furthermore, joint assortment and inventory decisions under exogenous pricing are considered, and the unimodularity of the expected profit in the assortment size is proven. Also, a comparative statics analysis is performed and insights are presented.


A method for forming an emitter-base junction. The method includes the steps of: providing a base layer (26); and growing a doped mono-emitter layer (28) on the base layer (26) using a gas flow comprised of a set of process gases, wherein gas flow includes an addition of a germanium (Ge) source to the process gases for the first few seconds of the gas flow.


Abstract : An Installation Restoration Program (IRP) Phase II Stage 2 study was performed at Luke AFB, AZ. Five sites (plus the base production wells) were investigated: a canal that receives runoff which has bypassed an oil/water separator (the O/W Separator Canal); a petroleum, oil and lubricants disposal area; a former fire training area a site that contains both current and former fire training areas and a series of lagoons that receive effluent from the base Sewage Treatment Plant. The scope of the investigation included soil-gas surveys at three sites, a geophysical survey at all sites, monitor well installation and groundwater sampling at all sites including the base production wells, and surface water and sediment sampling at two sites. Analytes included volatile organic compounds, base/neutral-acid extractable compounds, pesticides, PCBs, heavy metals, and other indicator and site-specific parameters. Keywords: Water pollution, Water quality, Contamination, Environmental management, Waste management, Waste disposal.


The mission of Narrative Representation Theory is to provide insights into the general principles that operate in the formation of covert discourse structures in natural languages. Narrative representations, which function as part of the underlying language faculty, are direct projections of the discourse module in the mind/brain. They are realized as external levels of hierarchical units that include interpretation units, coherency units, episode units, juncture units, and apex units. Each of these levels may consist of a sequential unit of internal constituents that are realized by exposition, complication, and denouement. Creole languages, archetypal forms of human languages, present fundamental similarities in the organization of their discourse structures as well as a specific numerical preference in the representation of interpretation and coherency units. Despite the general view of discourse pertaining to a form of Externalized-Language (E-Language) in language use, the present study suggests that the system of suprasentential structure exits as part of Internalized-Language (I-Language) in our mind. Other evidence is also presented from the study of neurolinguistics, showing that narrative discourse configurations are processed and computed neurologically in the right hemisphere of the brain.


One of the most frequent otorhinolaryngological pathologies is inflammatory diseases of the nose and paranasal sinuses. In Russia, according to the Ministry of Health and Social Development, 15% of adults and 5% of children suffer from chronic rhinosinusitis. According to analysis of medical records, indicators of ENT diseases do not decrease, and long-established treatment regimens prove to be ineffective, despite the large number of different medications. One of the hypotheses existing at the present stage attributes this tendency to the underestimation of the complexity of regulatory systems in the era of reductionism, when the organism is unable to fully adapt to the influence of the environment. In this connection, the concept of bioregulatory systems medicine (BrSM), developed by an international group of scientific experts and clinicians of different specialties, whose underlying principles are the perception of the human being as a complex and integrated system, acquires particular significance. The development of any process is carried out through multilevel interaction between the various systems of the body, the so-called intra-network interactions. According to the views accepted in BrSM, multipurpose therapy is justified to influence different links of pathogenesis. Thus, the bioregulatory approach is multitargeted, i.e., it involves the use of multicomponent drugs affecting the body as a single system. The purpose of this study is to consider treatment regimens for inflammatory diseases of the nose and paranasal sinuses from the perspective of bioregulatory systems medicine. It is concluded that bioregulatory nasal spray therapy is safe and well tolerated, has anti-inflammatory, antiviral, moisturizing effects, and stimulates mucosal regeneration, is combined with other medicines, and is an excellent alternative to traditional methods of treatment, has no side effects and limitations typical of them.


Results from spectroscopic investigations are presented that demonstrate the effect of oil cracking on shale oil composition. Techniques used include infrared spectroscopy, capillary column gas chromatography/mass spectroscopy and /sup 13/C nuclear magnetic resonance. We show that cracking causes an increase in aromatic and alkene content of the oil. We compare our results for oils prepared in the laboratory with oils prepared in the TOSCO-II semi-works and in modified and true-in-situ combustion retorts. We demonstrate that the napthalene/2-methyl-naphthalene ratio is a good indicator of cracking conditions in an oil shale retort.


The quality control system in construction of Shuibuya CFRD is set up and also a certain number of new thinkings and new techniques are innovated in the construction course.Such as the independent quality examining and consulting organization,the workout of the GPS monitoring system,the quick checking method for the density of rock filling and the quality of the squeezing side wall,the method for observating the toe slab lift.Thus the quality of the CFRD is effectively guaranteed.


In a context of constant traffic, of crossing borders as well as different literary genres, Ruy Duarte de Carvalho metamorphoses his discursive production in a valuable document for scholars of culture. In his work, we find a concrete representation of a way of being in the Angolan world and,
therefore, another way of expressing, knowing, projecting, defining and representing borders. The particular process of this literature and of the author in question shows with words, gestures and reflections the experiences of this attentive traveller and, therefore, a gaze upon literary
landscapes. That landscape is presented as an oblique instrument of transculturation capable of shortening gazes, worlds and borders. Work with reality is perceivable through a system of material and archival-dynamic representation, within which traces of memory and of collective
spaces may be reinscribed. That memory-discursive procedure is a way of reappropriating places, organising senses, discourses in past times, as well as a way of representing the landscape and space of southern Angola.


Students must adapt to academic life including facing academic pressure, peer pressure, and unhealthy physical conditions due to physical and mental fatigue in doing various academic tasks. In addition, they must also adapt to non-academic life which is characterized by technological developments that are increasingly sophisticated and dominated by cyberspace in gadgets.All of those has the potential to make them physically, mentally, and socially unwell, which in turn makes them unhappy (has a low state of psychological well-being) in the lecture phase. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of holistic health counseling based on self regulation in improving psychological well being of students in universities.Thirty students in Semarang-Indonesia who scored low on Ryff's Psychological Well Being Scale participated in this study. An experiment using randomized pretest-posttest comparison group design was performed for a total of 41 days. The experimental group was given a holistic health counseling intervention based on self-regulation.Meanwhile, the control group was given effective physical health interventions and study habits. The Mann-Whitney U test was performed to compare the effectiveness of the experimental and control groups. The results showed that the intervention in the experimental group was more effective in increasing psychological well being of students compared to the control group. The results of this study are useful to be an alternative in helping students in Semarang - Indonesia in improving their psychological well being..


Residential heat pump water heaters (HPWHs) have recently re-emerged on the U.S. market, and they have the potential to provide homeowners significant cost and energy savings. However, actual in use performance of a HPWH will vary significantly with climate, installation location, HVAC equipment, and hot water use. To determine the actual energy consumption of a HPWH in different U.S. regions, annual simulations of both 50 and 80 gallon HPWHs as well as a standard electric water heater were performed for over 900 locations across the United States. The simulations included a benchmark home to take into account interactions between the space conditioning equipment and the HPWH and a realistic hot water draw profile. It was found that the HPWH will always save some source energy when compared to a standard electric resistance water heater, although savings varies widely with location. In addition to looking at source energy savings, the breakeven cost (the net installed cost a HPWH would have to have to be a cost neutral replacement for a standard water heater) was also examined. The highest breakeven costs were seen in cases with high energy savings, such as the southeastern U.S., or high energy costs, such as New Englandmore » and California. While the breakeven cost is higher for 80 gallon units than 50 gallon units, the higher net installed costs of an 80 gallon unit lead to the 50 gallon HPWHs being more likely to be cost effective.« less


Recently, a number of algorithms inspired by the foraging behavior of ant colonies have been applied to the solution of difficult discrete optimization problems. We put these algorithms in a common framework by defining the Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) meta-heuristic. A couple of paradigmatic examples of applications of these novel meta-heuristic are given, as well as a brief overview of existing applications.


Cloud computing is being viewed as the technology of today and the future. Through this paradigm, the customers gain access to shared computing resources located in remote data centers that are hosted by cloud providers (CP). This technology allows for provisioning of various resources such as virtual machines (VM), physical machines, processors, memory, network, storage and software as per the needs of customers. Application providers (AP), who are customers of the CP, deploy applications on the cloud infrastructure and then these applications are used by the end-users. To meet the fluctuating application workload demands, dynamic provisioning is essential and this article provides a detailed literature survey of dynamic provisioning within cloud systems with focus on application performance. The well-known types of provisioning and the associated problems are clearly and pictorially explained and the provisioning terminology is clarified. A very detailed and general cloud provisioning classification is presented, which views provisioning from different perspectives, aiding in understanding the process inside-out. Cloud dynamic provisioning is explained by considering resources, stakeholders, techniques, technologies, algorithms, problems, goals and more.


Utilizing the signal collection and process system of vibration, spot testing and analysis is performed, which is based on the violent vibration of a edge-transmission 3 m×11 m ball mill system. The chief diagnosis is found out clearly, and a feasible resolution project is obtained. Study on the fault diagnosis of edge-transmission ball mill system has comprehensive significance of theory and reality. It provides much more basis for vibration inspection and fault diagnosis in building materials industries.


After the human immunodefi ciency (HIV) virus, the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus, Ebola (still active in some African countries) virus, and the middle-east respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS), the world has to face a novel pandemic due another coronavirus called COVID-19 (Coronaviridae Study Group of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses, 2020). Possibly originated in Wuhan, a town in the Chinese Huan region, the infection showed an extreme virulence and aggression (She, Jiang, Ye, Hu, Bai & Song, 2020). For these characteristics it soon spread outside China, so that, after about a few months from its isolation, it has become an increasingly worldwide health problem aff ecting more than 100 nations, not only the close South Korea, Hong Kong and Japan, like in the beginning (Rothan & Byrareddy, 2020). Indeed, rapidly the virus infected Iran and some European countries where it showed a different impact, being Italy the most hit outside China. Nowadays, the World Health Organization estimates that more than 1,200,000 people get infected by coronavirus (although this number is subjected to increase day by day) with a mortality rate signifi cantly higher than that of fl u that is less than 1% (Sohrabi et al., 2020). Moreover, predictions on the diff usion of coronavirus are not positive, as it is expected to increase in the next months (Sun, Lu, Xu, Sun & Pan, 2020). Unavoidably, this pandemic elicits psychological and psychiatric issues. It should be fi rst underlaid that an event like that triggered by coronavirus was so sudden and unpredictable to rapidly creating a diff use sense of uncertainty, while scrambling the conviction of both our personal and societial sense of safety and unvulnerability. This is amplifi ed by the evidence that this novel and pathogen agent seems resistant to common medications (Cheng & Shan, 2019; Prompetchara, Ketloy & Palaga, 2020). The consequences is that, although we are modern and powerful, and convinced that we can dominate almost all natural and human forces and events, we remain vulnerable and cannot control everything, especially an unknown and mysterious virus, whose spreading has undoubtely been promoted by the increasing easiness of lowcost travelling everywhere, typical of the latest decades (Deng & Peng, 2020). Again, it is worth noting that there are other coronavirus-related side eff ects, specifi cally the negative impact on world economy that, at time of current recession involving the most advanced countries, led to stock market crashes that probably will be not limited to one day only. As a result, now everybody worldwide has to cope with limitations in daily existence, social relationships, leisure activities and ways of working. The fi rst reactions were typical acute stress responses, from more or less severe anxiety symptoms to resignation (Cannon, 1932; Russell and Lightman, 2019; Robinson, Vytal, Cornwell & Grillon 2013), often amplifi ed by inaccurate goverment countermeasures and ambiguity of media information. The pandemic of coronavirus calls for immediate psychological and psychiatric attention and interventions in diff erent areas (Srivatsa & Stewart, 2020) that are listed herein: 1. Supporting front-line physicians, specialists, nurses and all involved personell who represent a particular population at risk for stress-related disorders (Iserson et al., 2008); 2. Supporting people in quarantine to cope with reclusion, isolation and any kind of restrictions, with appropriate programs according to diff erent ages (Brooks et al., 2020); 3. Promote a correct information on pandemic, in agreement with offi cial agencies; 4. Consider the unavoidable onset of long-term psychological/psychiatric disturbances, such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression, and how to prevent them (Xiang et al., 2020; Marazziti & Stahl, in press); 5. Implement specifi c safety measures How to cite this ar� cle: Marazzi� , D. (2020). The COVID-19 outbreak: the latest challenge to psychological and psychiatric interven� on. Clinical Neuropsychiatry, 17(2), 39-40


Recent efforts in the modeling and analysis of decision making problems in large-scale systems in a multiobjective framework are presented. Some lingering issues are introduced as a motivation for discussion involving a particular set of theoretical and methodological approaches. An integrated approach is then suggested as a tool to aid in decision making.


Various types of video content using 360° panoramic and virtual reality video have become widespread. However, wearing eyewear as well as a head-mounted display is still a burden of experiencing in 3D content. Glasses-free (i.e. autostereoscopic) super multi-view (SMV) 3D displays provide more comfortable 3D experience but have limited types of content. To provide enriched SMV content, we propose a webizing method for SMV 3D streaming content with time synchronization. The proposed method provides SMV 3D streaming content that contains real-world objects, 3D models, and HTML DOM elements through HTML documents. The method defines custom CSS extensions for transition and animation effects of the SMV 3D streaming content. We present an example of SMV 3D streaming content using a prototype implementation on the web to verify the usefulness of our approach.


Abstract Is mathematical category theory a unifying tool for geography? Here we look at a few basic category theoretical ideas and interpret them in geographic example. We also offer links to indicate how category theory has been used as such in other disciplines. Finally, we announce the direction of our research program on this topic as a way to facilitate the learning, and maintenance of learning, of GIS software – and in the spirit of Quaestiones Geographicae, invite debate, comment, and contribution to this program in spatial mathematics.


adapted for its particular purposes. In the second part, Dr Brazil concentrates on the way in which intonation is used to convey meanings in the language of teachers and pupils. After each chapter there are a number of practical suggestions that guide the reader towards experiencing for himself the main points being made. The third part is an example of a fragment of classroom discourse followed by a detailed analysis. Swain, Merrill and Lapkin, Sharon


This article discusses the issues of the participation of the business sector in the investment activities of the authorities, as well as the theoretical aspect of the interaction of state and business structures. A preliminary analysis of the essence of private management makes it possible to single out an entrepreneurial structure as a key link in the process of investment interaction between the state and business. The study also revealed that economic and non-economic social spheres, as well as state (regional) authorities, have a direct impact on business structures, while the role of the state is decisive. The scale of the authorities' influence on the investment behavior of business figures is formed based on the specific economic interests of state structures. The interests of representatives of the business sector entering into investment interaction with the state are quite diverse and may depend on the scale of entrepreneurial activity, strategic priorities, functional orientation. The central place of business structures in the investment interaction under study is also justified by the fact that in the processes of implementing joint projects, entrepreneurs can be involved in solving problems that are beyond private economic interests. The analysis of the cumulative impact of entrepreneurs on the socio-economic development of territorial entities made it possible to form a definition of the impact of entrepreneurial potential on the socio-economic system within the framework of joint investment activities with the state. An important result of the study was the definition of the concept of «investment interaction between government and business», which in a broader sense involves the process of bilateral influence of authorities and business entities in order to obtain high-quality socio-economic results and at the same time minimize risks, reduce costs (economic, financial, temporary) through joint investment on the terms stipulated by the relevant contracts. In a narrower sense, investment interaction between government and business is the participation of business entities in the implementation of investment projects implemented by public authorities, during which relatively stable economic ties of a production and structural nature are formed between the participants, provided that the state forms a favorable investment climate.


"Omniscient observer" Knows the category distributions, prior probability, and sensory uncertainty on each trial Observed vs. omniscient criterion (overt): FC: Fixed Criterion Fixes neutral criterion RLC: Reinforcement-learning on criterion Updates criterion by a proportion of the error when receiving negative feedback EMA: Exponentially weighted moving-average Estimates probability as an exponentially weighted average of previously seen categories RLP: Reinforcement-learning on probability Estimates probability by a proportion of the error when receiving negative feedback EMA + bias Weighted average of EMA estimate and a prior of 0.5 RLP + bias Weighted average of RLP estimate and a prior of 0.5


A 10-year review of 39 patients who underwent a superiorly based pharyngeal flap for severe velopharyngeal insufficiency was performed. The effectiveness of the operation, as scored by standardized preoperative and postoperative evaluations, was related to age at operation, type of defect, and duration of velopharyngeal inadequacy. There was no statistical difference between those who were under the age of 6 years (100 percent were improved) at the time of the operation versus those 6 years and older (74 percent improved). Likewise, there was no difference between those patients who received an early flap (92 percent were improved) versus those who received a flap 2 or more years after initial palatorrhaphy (90 percent were improved). The type of palatal defect also was not a significant factor, and none of the patients exhibited a postoperative decrease in function (p ≤ 0.001). The operation offered reliable salvage of velopharyngeal competency regardless of the above-mentioned factors.


The working principle and craftwork flow about the water soluble film coating machine was introduced according to practice and experience. The coating method, driving system and pressing mechanism were analyzed to provide reference for the fellow trader.


In this paper, we characterize all unmixed d-uniform r-partite hypergraphs under a certain condition. Also we give a necessary condition for unmixedness in d-uniform hypergraphs with a perfect matching of size n. Finally we give a sufficient condition for unmixednes in d-uniform hypergraphs with a perfect matching.


Sarah Powell (SFU Bachelor of Arts Under-graduate program, English Major, Kinesiology Minor), is a 23-year-old who has lived in Metro-Vancouver her whole life. This is Sarah's first poem submitted to a public audience. She would like to thank her TA, Maude Vachon-Roy, for her encouragement and support.


To explore the role of feeding behavior traits (FBt) and social genetic models for genetic evaluation of both FBt and performance traits (Pt), genetic parameters were estimated for daily gain (ADG), daily feed consumption (ADC), feed conversion ratio (FCR), backfat thickness (BF), feeding rate (FR), feeding frequency (FF), and occupation time (OT). Traits were recorded in 663 Duroc pigs. Two bivariate models were fitted: animal models (AM) and social interaction animal models (SAM). Estimations were done following Bayesian procedures. Heritability (h) estimates obtained with AM for all traits were medium-high, due to additional heritable variation captured by social genetic effects (SGE) higher estimates of the ratio of total genetic variance to phenotypic variance (T) were obtained with SAM. Anything correlation was observed between FBt and Pt with SAM, the errors were high for all studied traits, when AM was used the respective genetic correlations were not different from zero. With AM, genetic correlation between BF and FCR (0.73(0.31)) were estimated. With SAM between SGE and DGE correlations remained negative and favorable in order to reduce BF (-0.59(0.24)), but the correlation between DGE of ADG and SGE of FCR was negative (-0.65(0.23)), being favorable to increase ADG. Large estimation errors of within-trait direct-social genetic correlations prevented to properly define their sign, but they seem to be of low magnitude. The role of FBt to improve Pt genetic evaluations is limited. Consideration of SAM allows disentangling the social origin of certain unfavorable AM correlations. SAM could be used to explore indexes combining SGE and DGE of different traits to take advantage of favorable genetic correlations that might exist between them. Introduction Animal breeding programs in pigs is difficult when they are bred sharing a pen as usually happens in swine. The interaction between each animal can influence on productive traits of pen mates and genetic evaluations in the same way. To solve this problem, social interaction models have been proposed to allow estimation of genetic parameters with higher accuracy but result is unsafe (Muir, 2005; Bergsma et al., 2008). On the other hand, the feeding behavior traits collected with individual control systems intake allow study traits related to alimentary efficiency (Eissen et al., 1998; Chen et al., 2007; Young, 2012). These two groups of traits are not usually used together in genetic evaluations, so the objective of this study is to use both groups of traits to know if they could increase accuracy of genetic evaluations in swine when these are raised in groups. This study proposes two different models for determinate if feeding behavior traits offers relevant information for improves accuracy genetic evaluations moreover correlations between genetic effects including social interactions were also estimated. Materials and Methods The experimental procedures were approved by the ethical committee of the IRTA institution (Institut de Recerca I Technologia Agroalimentaries). Field Data: Using Duroc pigs come from the company Batalle, that was reproductively closed since 1991 (Tibau et al., 1999). From its foundation until 2007 the line was selected using index including Weight at off test, approximately 180 days, (BW180), Backfast thickness (BF180), Intramuscular fat (IMF), number born alive (NBA) and number of functional teats (NT). The IVOG feeders collected the information (Table 1) shows the description of the necessary data for this study. Table 1 Data structure and description of population


Patients with ependymoma exhibit a wide range of clinical outcomes that are currently unexplained by clinical or histological factors. Little is known regarding molecular biomarkers that could predict clinical behavior. Since recent data suggest that these tumors display biological characteristics according to their location (cerebral vs. infratentorial vs. spinal cord), rather than explore a broad spectrum of ependymoma, we focused on molecular alterations in ependymomas arising in the in- fratentorial compartment. Unsupervised clustering of available gene expression microarray data revealed two major subgroups of infratentorial ependymoma. Group 1 tumors over expressed genes that were associated with mesenchyme, Group 2 tumors showed no distinct gene


Orthogonal chirp division multiplexing (OCDM) has recently become an appealing scheme for high-speed communications. However, due to the spreading feature of OCDM systems in both time and frequency domains, the channel estimation for OCDM systems with carrier frequency offset (CFO) is challenging. In this letter, we deal with a cyclic-prefix (CP) OCDM system. The CFO is first compensated by making use of the CP. Sequentially, a channel estimator based on superimposed pilot subchirps is proposed. The optimality of the pilot design in minimizing the mean squared error of the channel estimation is proved. The proposed approach is compared with the state-of-the-art and demonstrates superior performance.


Digital videos have became important multimedia information carrier. However, videos have features of large number, wide variety, lengthy content and complex structure, which make video retrieval, video query and video classification difficult. Video keyword extraction can not only quickly grasp the subject content of video, but also use key words to classify video and establish video database index. Due to the unstructured and multi-channel feature of video, it is not enough to use only the keyword extraction method for text. This paper proposes a semantic based algorithm to extract keywords from video from multi-channel information, which combines the information of visual channel and audio channel, and extracts keywords from video based on semantics. Experiment results show that the algorithm proposed in this paper is very effective for both video and plain text.


The effect of cranial irradiation on pituitary function was studied prospectively. Plasma hGH and LH were determined, by radioimmunoassay, hourly from 8 pm to 7 am during natural sleep, prior to, immediately after cranial irradiation (2500 rads), and 6-24 months later, in 15 leukemic children aged 1.5-13 years. Seven normal children, aged 6-12 years, served as controls. hGH levels prior to irradiation were similar to those in the control group (mean value per hour 3.84±2.5 and 4.09±2.4 ng/ml respectively), a finding indicating normal pituitary function prior to irradiation. hGH levels were lower immediately after irradiation in children below the age of 5 years, and returned to normal 6-24 months later. The effect of irradiation on LH levels was uncertain and differently timed.


The key element of any application that uses light, such as a DVD player or fiber optics, is the interaction of light with a material. We rely on such applications as we seek an ever faster Internet with larger data capacity, higher-density electronic storage media, and more effective cancer therapies. For example, an optical switch needs to be fast and consume little power, while an effective photodynamic cancer therapy requires specialized molecules that stick only to cancer cells and generate heat when exposed to laser light, zapping the disease without damaging healthy organs. Thus, increasing the efficiency of the interaction of light with the molecular building blocks of a material is important for a wide variety of applications. For over three decades, the efficiency of the best molecules remained a factor of 30 short of the fundamental limits.1 In the past, a common approach to increasing the efficiency of interactions between light and matter was to make larger molecules and to pack more of them into the material. However, with this brute force approach, the efficiency never increased nearly as much as possible, so molecules never lived up to their full potential. The first step for breaking through this glass ceiling was taken by Zhou, Watkins, and myself when we used computer modeling to design the ultimate molecule.2 We entered an arbitrary molecular shape into the computer, which calculated the switching efficiency per unit of molecular size. It then varied the shape while noting how the efficiency changed, in effect 'tuning in' to the ideal shape, as one would tune in to a radio station while listening for the best signal. The result was somewhat surprising, since it implied that the motions of the electrons in the molecule needed to be somewhat impeded. Shortly after the design criteria for the ideal molecule were established, I was part of an international collaboration with Pérez and Clays that reported on a new molecule with the required 'speed bump' to trip up the electrons. This new molecule broke through the longFigure 1. The evolution of the potential energy function as it approaches the optimal response. The inset shows an example of modulated conjugation.


This paper examines the problem of attitude estimation for passively magnetically stabilized spacecraft using only sun-vector measurements. An analytical investigation of local observability is performed in the case where the spacecraft magnetic dipole is constant. This is relevant because for passively stabilized spacecraft using permanent magnets and magnetic hysteresis rods, the hysteresis rod dipole moments are nearly constant at steady state. It is shown that under reasonable assumptions on the Earth's magnetic field, not only are the attitude and angular velocity locally observable, but if one component of the magnetic dipole moment is known, then the remaining two components of the magnetic dipole moment are locally observable also. Numerical examples of three attitude estimation schemes are presented, demonstrating successful state estimation of passively magnetically stabilized spacecraft.


Apolipoprotein B (apoB) signal peptide (sp) polymorphism was characterized by polymerase chain reaction in blood samples of 58 coronary artery disease (CAD) patients and 319 control individuals of Chinese Han ethnic origin in Taiwan. In the CAD group, 77% of the observed alleles were sp27 (sp with 27 amino acids), and the remaining 23%sp24 (sp with 24 amino acids). The frequency distributions of the apoB sp allele in the control group were 0.81 for sp27 and 0.19 for sp24. The genotype distributions were 0.64 sp27/27, 0.26 sp27/24 and 0.10 sp24/24 in the CAD group; 0.64 sp27/27. 0.33 sp27/24 and 0.03 sp24/24 in the control group. The frequency of sp24/24 was significantly higher (p= 0.012) in the CAD group than in the control group. Several studies have shown that the frequency of sp24/24 is higher in hyperlipidemic than in normolipidemic groups. This marker is probably in linkage disequlibrium with some other atherogenic genes. Our study shows that the differences in both apoB signal peptide alleles and sp27/27 and sp27/24 genotype distributions are statistically significant between the Taiwanese and Caucasians.


Feature selection is the technique of removing irrelevant features and to reduce dimensionality of the feature. This paper proposed attribute selection of information gain attribute evaluator and ranker search method to selected attribute and each selected attribute is ranked based on the filter and wrapper method. Tree based J48 classifier is used with different test options namely 10 fold cross validation, use training set, supplied test set, and percentage split default of 66% are compared with all options and to generate best accuracy results; Labor dataset is implementing to test the above methods.


This study aims to explore possible distributional changes in annual daily maximum rainfalls (ADMRs) over South Korea using a Bayesian multiple non-crossing quantile regression model. The distributional changes in the ADMRs are grouped into nine categories, focusing on changes in the location and scale parameters of the probability distribution. We identified seven categories for a distributional change in the selected stations. Most of the stations (28 of 50) are classified as Category III, which is characterized by an upward trend with an increase in variance in the distribution. Moreover, stations with a downward trend with a decrease in the variance pattern (Category VII) are mainly distributed on the southern Korean coast. On the other hand, Category I stations are mostly located in eastern Korea and primarily show a statistically significant upward trend with a decrease in variance. Moreover, this study explored changes in design rainfall estimates for different categories in terms of distributional changes. For Categories I, II, III, and VI, a noticeable increase in design rainfall was observed, while Categories IV, V, and VII showed no evidence of association with risk of increased extreme rainfall.


By analyzing the reason of oxygen pipeline combustion,combined with the characteristics of oxygen pipeline in coal chemical industry,measures of oxygen pipeline safety design are provided in coal chemical industry,and the special design requirements are emphasized.


This study compared perceptions of effective characteristics of middle school advisors from administrators, teachers and students at Fort Couch Middle School, located in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. The research questions for this study included the following: 1. What are the effective qualities that students value in an advisor? 2. What are the effective qualities that principals value in an advisor? 3. What are the effective qualities that teachers value in an advisor? 4. What is the comparison between student, principal and teacher perceptions of effective qualities in implementing an advisor program? This was a descriptive research study using quantitative (survey) and qualitative (focus groups) methods to define the effective characteristics of middle level advisors. The questions were designed to collect data regarding the perceptions that students, administrators and teachers had on the qualities of an effective middle level advisor. The survey was given to eighth level students, four administrators at Upper St. Clair School District and twelve eighth level advisors/teachers at Fort Couch Middle School. Data collected from the students, administrators and teacher surveys; and the focus groups' perceptions of qualities for effective middle level advisors were used to determine how students, administrators and teachers perceived the qualities of an effective middle school advisor. Consistent with the research regarding the impact of affective qualities in relation to advisory programs, the data from both the focus groups and the survey provides clear evidence that all affective qualities such as honesty, positive attitude, caring attitude, nonjudgmental attitude, sense of humor, listens to concerns, optimism, supportive attitude and sympathetic to student needs all scored as the "most important"


Supply and demand analysis model of pork meat in Indonesia, including the capability of its export rate, using national time series data period 1975-1999.This analysis is using econometrical approach with Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) method. The result shows that from supply side, price of meat itself, price of the pork, net import of pork meat, and quantity population of pork influence it. From demand side, influenced by the price of its meat, price of fish, and income. In ten year ahead, the capability of export rate for pork meat will be large enough, and considered to be 48,7% from production. This rate could be reached by improving quality of cattle and meat, making conducive environment for investing and spreading out this cattle business into large area, which support its environment living from many aspects, such as social, cultural, and religion aspect.