Abstract Project-based learning (PBL) is a student-centred instructional approach used to promote active and deep learning by involving students in investigating real-world issues in a collaborative environment. In this paper, we discuss how PBL was implemented in an introductory property course running in semester one, year one, which is offered in multiple modes of study. Two qualitative student surveys were conducted during the study period to solicit feedback from students on their learning experience. Comments from students suggested that PBL provides beneficial insight into the valuation process, and the field work and group exercises help motivate students and make the subject matter more interesting. University conducted, end of study period evaluations were used to compare the outcomes of the new course to other courses in the property program and the University. Finally, we identify a number of challenges in implementing PBL; these include workload issues, teachers ' content knowledge, lack of experience from both teachers and students, and the need to develop specialised material for off-campus study.


Tatar, also called Tartar, is a Turkic language spoken by 6 million people throughout the former Soviet Union. Clear phonetic pronunciation accompanies Tatar and English entries, making this dictionary ideal for both English speakers and Tatar speakers.


In the tourism field, Social Network Service (SNS) data is valuable as a major source in grasping the image that users feel about tourist destinations. As the importance of SNS data in the tourism field is emerging, a number of studies have been conducted to identify major destinations or to analyze images and emotions of tourist destinations using text information posted on SNS. However, a few researches have been performed to analyze the content of photos posted on SNS. This study aims to analyze the characteristics of tourists and residents' tourism activities by analyzing photos posted on Flickr, a photo-sharing SNS. In this study, after crawling 147,669 photos posted in the Seoul area from


Darcy's law
is applied to describe the steady flow processes in which the flux remains
constant with time along the conducting system. Due to the dispersion and
migration of colloidal particles and lodging in the soil pores the reduction in
hydraulic conductivity occurs with time in particular when the soil and the
percolating solution are affected by electrolyte concentration. Hence, the aim
of this study is to find empirical equations that can be used to predict the
flux with time. Data for the effluent volume versus time (up to 6 hours) which
was collected for three soils (located at Quevedo-Los Rios region) treated by two
salt solutions (5 and 50 meq/l) with different SAR values were used to test
certain mathematical forms of equations. Only four empirical equations were
found to perfectly fit the data (flux vs time) whereas, fitting the calculated
and measured data of the hydraulic conductivity for all soils produced
regression factors R2 ≥ 0.99.
So, these equations can be applied to predict the hydraulic conductivity and to
characterize the flow process at saturated conditions of the studied soils with
great confidence. The Hoerl function model was the best of all equations for
application as the fitting degrees were almost perfect for all studied soils at
5 and 50 meq/l. It was observed for all equations that one of the fitting
parameters would always represent the initial hydraulic conductivity (Kos) that was evaluated
graphically at zero time by extrapolation.


The objective of this research is to create an interactive multimedia application for teaching Islamic Cultural History at Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Negeri Kumbe Merauke. This application aims to address the students' needs resulting from a lack of comprehension during the learning process. While traditional methods like printed books have been used, they fail to provide the varied and direct interaction required for effective learning. The development process follows the waterfall method, and data is collected through interviews, questionnaires, and observation. The system design employs flowchart design, use case diagram, sequence diagram, and activity diagram. For testing, both the Blackbox method and Usability scale are used. The results of the Blackbox testing demonstrate that the functionality and appearance of the Islamic Cultural History learning application are good and meet expectations. Additionally, the usability scale assessment yields a final score of 71.81, which falls within the Good category (grade scale C). Conclusively, the data suggests that the Islamic Cultural History learning application is acceptable and beneficial for enhancing the learning process for students.


A number of scholars maintain that the affordances of digital media to easily copy, edit, and share digital content has led to the development of a remix culture in which the amateur creation of cultural artifacts—often remixes, mashups, or parodies based on the creative works of others—has proliferated. At the same time, in TESOL there is increasing interest in engaging students with processes of digital multimodal composition, focusing not only on language proficiency as it is traditionally conceived but also on the strategic use of multimodal resources and collaborative tools to reach a wide authentic audience on the Internet. One issue which such approaches must face is the tendency for some students to draw upon and remix existing creative works in their digital compositions. In particular, the issue is whether this practice of remix promotes or compromises the expression of learner voice. This article considers these questions by examining the multimodal compositions of students in a course in English for science at a Hong Kong university. The analysis generates a theoretical model of remix practices, which can be applied to the teaching and evaluation of multimodal compositions in English language courses.


AbstractThis paper presents the development of a novel optimization model for the scheduling of repetitive construction projects. The model provides original and unique capabilities that enable pla...


By means of auxilliary functions and Young inequality technique,new oscillation criteria are established for second order half-linear functional differential equations.Its results extend and improve the oscillation theorem of Agarwal R.P.et al.


The goal of this thesis is to improve visualization dashboards in order to help decision making and Business Intelligence (BI) analysis, and make them accessible to a larger user audience. We identify current trends and use practices of visualization dashboards in the BI domain, and following a user-cantered design approach we provide enhancements and solutions. More specifically we address the following challenges: making dashboard construction and use accessible to visualization novices, enhancing dashboards with advanced annotation capabilities to help BI analysts in the analysis process, and add storytelling functionality to dashboards to help the communication between analysts and decision makers. Our user-centered approach consists of gathering user requirements (through background search, in-depth interviews or prototyping sessions with BI experts), iterative prototype development, and evaluation of our prototypes with representative users. First, our work reports gathered insights regarding novice user practices on Exploration Views (EV), a system that allows novice visualization users to easily build and customize BI information dashboards, but also provides functionality needed by experts. We evaluated EV with both expert and novice visualization users, and found differences in how experts and novice users interact with the interface. Based on those observations we provide new guidelines that augment previous work on designing for visualization novices, in the context of interactive visualization systems in the form of dashboards. BI analysts using dashboards (experts or novices) need support in record-keeping of their analysis, their data discoveries and gathered insights. This support is lacking in most dashboard visualization systems. We conducted in-depth interviews with BI experts that led to new annotation needs for multi-chart visualization systems (such as dashboards), on which we based the design of a dashboard prototype that supports data and context aware annotations, shared across visualizations and datasets. We focused particularly on novel annotation aspects, such as multi-target annotations, annotation transparency across charts, and annotations that can be shared among different data-sources and BI applications. We identified and provided solutions to challenges in using context aware annotations, notably issues arising when the annotation's "context" changes (e.g. annotated data are deleted or changed). Our prototype was evaluated with BI experts that were able to easily perform several tasks that they deemed important in their work. To increase the value of an analysis, recorded insights and knowledge need to be organized and communicated to others, and made available for future analysts to learn from. This communication step is very important, as often the analyst of data and the decision maker are two different people. To achieve this we need an easy insight organization and sharing mechanism to facilitate the transfer of knowledge, experiences, and stories, to decision makers and other analysts. We interviewed BI analysis experts and collected new requirements related to BI visual storytelling. Based on these requirements we designed and implemented a storytelling prototype that is integrated in a dashboard analysis tool, and allows easy transition from analysis to story creation and sharing. Our system was identified by experts as having great potential for training other analysts. Moreover, it can help BI analysis authors organize and communicate their findings faster to decision makers, and they can reach a broader audience since the results of a data analysis presented in the storytelling tool can be read with little to no training.


The article is devoted to reengineering of technological processes - a method of their qualitative transformation on an innovative basis, which in turn assumes the availability of tools that make it possible to establish the economic efficiency and technical capability of such transformations of construction production, to identify the effect of their implementation. In this regard, the problem of forming a parametric model of reengineering of construction technological processes, which involves four enlarged groups of indicators that reflect the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the processes: materials used, working time, machine time, spatial organization, is considered. It is established that parameters can have either an absolute (physical, cost) or relative (point, percentage) expression and also make their own decomposition. The practical significance of the provisions given in the article is determined by the development of methods of technical rationing, which leads to a reduction in the cost and duration of construction.


Fuzzy logic is one of the components from soft computing and it is useful as a method to map the problem from input into the desired output. The main feature of fuzzy logic is membership function. Takagi Sugeno Kang fuzzy system appears to be more preferred and easier to use, thanks to its simple structure and high proximity. The use of learning rate is extremely important in Mini-Batch Gradient Descent to improve the quality and the rate of training convergence. However, choosing the right learning rate is one of the shortcomings of the MBGD method, so AdaBound is used to optimize the selection of learning rates. AdaBound is an adaptive method that applies dynamic boundaries on learning rate. The said dynamic boundaries has the definition of learning rate limitation, both from up and down, to make sure the learning rate is neither too big nor too small. Aside from that, the boundaries become tighter as iteration goes and forcing the learning rate close to constant value. The optimization of AdaBound is intended not only to improve the convergence rate, but also to optimize the convergence into global minimum value in the end of training period. The method used in this study is Takagi Sugeno Kang (TSK) method. The rule of Takagi Sugeno Kang fuzzy system will be optimized using Mini-Batch Gradient Descent that has been modified by AdaBound. The goal of this study is to observe the accuracy of classification done by TSK with MBGD-A. The data used in this study is obesity data obtained from Kaggel dataset, while the variables are composed of three independent variables and one dependent variable. There are 32 rules in the TSK inference model based on data, however only 24 of them can be applied. To obtain firm numbers, the defuzzification value is derived using the weighted average approach from the 24 rules obtained. MAD was utilized as the evaluation model, and the error value was 14,549, indicating that the approach was effective and efficient.


Abstract:This contribution is an extract from a longer work of fiction in which the Slavic witch/crone Baba Yaga is transported into a Tasmanian bush setting and into the literary tradition of the Tasmanian Gothic. The work focuses on Baba Yaga's signature quality of ambiguity and demonstrates—through practice—the creative potential of placing a contemporary version of the fairy-tale character in relationship with the marsupial carnivore, the Tasmanian devil. Like Baba Yaga, the Tasmanian devil—demonized for much of the colonized history of Tasmania but increasingly employed as an animal mascot for its island home—has been the subject of widely variant representations


Silver is a clinically important, broad spectrum antibacterial, whose use extends back over several millennia. Its potent antibacterial activity, range of susceptible microorganisms, and lack of developed resistances, elevate silver as an exciting weapon in the fight against hospital acquired infections and so-called 'superbugs'. The active, ionic form is efficacious at very low concentrations, thus controlling release rates offers potential durable, non-specific, antibacterial medical devices. This thesis examines a number of inorganic systems as potential slow-release, antibacterial silver nanocomposites for incorporation into polyurethane foam wound dressings.
A range of silver core-silica shell nanocomposites were synthesised with tuneable dimensions, with porosity introduced into the silica shells, via base-etching or surfactant-templating producing disordered or ordered architectures respectively. An alternative system based on mesoporous SBA-15 silica was also investigated, which was employed as a scaffold for subsequent multilayer titania functionalisation, onto which mixed silver/silver carbonate nanoparticles were subsequently deposited.
Detailed characterisation allowed fundamental structural-function relationships for silver dissolution kinetics and their associated impact upon antibacterial activity towards Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Silver ion release rates are inversely proportional to silver crystallite size, with further governance via shell thickness and mesoporosity achievable in core shell systems. The intrinsic antibacterial activity of titania coated SBA-15 further enhances performance, independent of silver, whilst support macropore introduction increases silver particle dispersion. Antibacterial prowess of all materials demonstrates a strong activity correlation with dissolution kinetics, evidencing up to seven-fold logarithmic reductions in the bacterial concentrations within four hours. Materials were potent for > 24 hours, with the reverse micelle core-shell formulation showing continuous activity over a 14 day period. Comparative benchmarking indicates mesoporous silver core-silica shell architectures as promising candidates due to antibacterial longevity, manufacturing simplicity and cost, with their hydrophilic nature and small dimensions rendering them amenable to incorporation into compatible polyurethane foams.


Authentication is a key requirement for secure communications in modern wireless systems. Compared with the conventional authentication at the upper layer using a cryptographic tool, authentication at the physical layer has many advantages, including enhanced security through the introduction of uncertainty to adversaries and increased efficiency and compatibility through the avoidance of operations at the upper layer, particularly in heterogeneous coexistence environments, e.g., 5G wireless systems. In this paper, we investigate authentication at the physical layer under time-varying fading channels. Conventional authentication schemes at the physical layer operate poorly under fast fading or frequency selective fading channels. Furthermore, conventional schemes require additional complicated preprocessing such as channel estimation and message symbol recovery through demodulation and decoding. This paper proposes a new blind authentication scheme at the physical layer that combines the techniques of blind known interference cancellation (BKIC) and differential processing to implement authentication without requiring any of the above-described preprocessing. The proposed scheme utilizes both the smoothing (SM) technique and belief propagation (BP) technique to achieve BKIC through the distinct blind authentication schemes with a superimposed tag over pilots (BSUPs) referred to, respectively, as BSUP-SM and BSUP-BP. The proposed scheme not only effectively suppresses the deteriorate effect of fading channels without any additional preprocessing but is also covert to unaware users, robust to interference, and secure for identity verification. The tradeoffs of using the proposed system with respect to various goals are discussed and analyzed. The performance of the BSUP-SM scheme depends on the channel fading and the length of the pilot cluster, while the performance of the BSUP-BP scheme is not sensitive to the above factors but depends instead on the quantization step used. The BSUP-BP scheme works well in fast fading channels, even in frequency selective fading channels.


We establish a general framework for reasoning about the relationship between call-by-value and call-by-name. In languages with side-effects, call-by-value and call-by-name executions of programs often have different, but related, observable behaviours. For example, if a program might diverge but otherwise has no side-effects, then whenever it terminates under call-by-value, it terminates with the same result under call-by-name. We propose a technique for stating and proving these properties. The key ingredient is Levy's call-by-push-value calculus, which we use as a framework for reasoning about evaluation orders. We show that the call-by-value and call-by-name translations of expressions into call-by-push-value have related observable behaviour under certain conditions on side-effects, which we identify. We then use this fact to construct maps between the call-by-value and call-by-name interpretations of types, and identify further properties of side-effects that imply these maps form a Galois connection. These properties hold for some side-effects (such as divergence), but not others (such as mutable state). This gives rise to a general reasoning principle that relates call-by-value and call-by-name. We apply the reasoning principle to example side-effects including divergence and nondeterminism.


Particulate matter (<75 µ) were collected from two commercial hog growing operations (A
and B) and extracted to quantify the adsorbed odorous organics. Five aldehydes, one alkane, and
hydrogen sulfide were consistently measured in samples. Dust samples collected were separated
into three sizes, small (5 to 20 µ), medium (20 to 40 µ) and large (40 to 75 µ) and analyzed
individually. The key results and conclusions from this work are as follows:
1. Combined analysis of all sizes based on location of sampling showed that three compounds,
heptanal, nonanal, and decanal, showed differences based on sampling location.
2. Significantly higher amounts of hydrogen sulfide, octanal, and nonanal were found in small size
particles when compared to medium and larger particles. All other compounds tested showed no
difference based on size of particles.
3. Location B samples showed greater differences based on when the samples were obtained
(warmer weather v. cooler weather). In this case warmer weather tended to have significantly
higher concentration of odorous compounds.
4. At location A, only two (decanal and n-octane) of the seven compounds tested showed
differences based on when they were obtained (summer v. winter). In this case cooler weather
conditions resulted in greater amount of compound adsorbed.


As more and more organizations' financial transaction systems are information system based, perpetrators of financial crimes must often circumvent accounting information system internal controls to commit their crimes. The ability of internal audit functions to audit information system internal control implementation and execution is receiving increased emphasis both in education and practice. This paper examines whether computer crime is more difficult to detect and investigate than traditional schemes. The study presents a detailed analysis of the ways the computer was used to assist the perpetrator in 72 cases. The study also examines differences between the computer fraud cases and 99 fraud cases without computer involvement. The fraud information was collected through the use of an electronic survey voluntarily completed by members of a professional accounting association in south Texas. The survey consisted of 73 questions that provided detailed information about the victim organization, perpetrators, fraud schemes, detection, investigation, and outcomes. The results of the study will be useful to accounting information systems professionals, fraud examiners, and auditors.


The rewood of phenolic compounds from coal derived liquid will help resolving the association of coal-derived liquid,increasing the storage stability of oil products,and decreasing the costs of coal liquefaction.In this case,one Chinese coal sample(Datong) was extracted by acetonitrile,tetrahydrofuran(THF),and pyridine sequentially under room temperature according to the solvent polarity order to acquire the components with different molecular weight distribution and different polarity.Three solid phase extraction column NH2,HLB and C18 were adopted to separate the phenolic compounds from the pyridine extracts and GC/MS was used to detect separated compounds.The performance of three different types of solid phase extraction column was found in the order of C18HLBNH2.Using different proportions of THF and water mixed solvent(firstly,20% THF,then 50% THF,finally 80% THF)as eluant and dichloromethane as eluent in C18 column enriched 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol as main phenolic compounds from coal extracts with high selectivity.The method is simple and adaptable for coal derivatives such as tar,and liquefied oil samples with complex matrix for 2,6-di-tert-butyl methyl phenol separation.


Recent changes in the virulence patterns of Canadian barley pathogens have necessitated the search for new sources of genetic resistance in barley. Evaluation of 176 Turkish barley accessions for disease reaction to barley pathogens prevalent in Canada indicated that this germplasm is a good source of resistance to Septoria passerinii, Rhynchosporium secalis and the spot-form of Pyrenophora teres, but not to Cochliobolus sativus (spot blotch phase), Puccinia graminis tritici, Ustilago nuda or barley stripe mosaic virus. A small number of accessions with resistance to the net-form of P. teres were identified. Key words:Hordeum vulgare, barley, disease resistance, net blotch, scald, speckled leaf blotch


By the developed technique solid solutions of system CdSe-ZnS there are obtained and identified as solid solutions with structure of wurtzitic. In the result of infrared spectroscopic and electron microscopic studies the chemical composition and structure of the surface components are determined. On the basis of the research of acid-base properties slightly acidic nature of surface of the components of system exposed to air is detected. Such surface can be the most active with respect to the main gases. Regularities in the change of acid-base and bulk physical-chemical properties of the components of system CdSe-ZnS depending on the composition, relationship between these regularities and influence of elemental constituents (Se, S) are defined, that it is important for the prediction of new efficient materials of semiconductor technique.


: In internal combustion engines, water injection, also known as anti-detonate injection, is spraying water into the cylinder or incoming fuel-air mixture to cool the combustion chambers of the engine, allowing for greater compression ratios and largely eliminating the problem of engine knocking (detonation). This effectively reduces the air intake temperature in the combustion chamber, meaning that performance gains can be obtained when used in conjunction with a supercharger, turbocharger, altered spark ignition timing, and other modifications. The reduction of the air intake temperature allows for a more aggressive ignition timing to be employed, which increases the power output of the engine. Depending on the engine, improvements in power and fuel efficiency can also be obtained solely by injecting water. Water injection may also be used to reduce NOx or carbon monoxide emissions. used in 150cc petrol engine.


The successful use of a laryngeal mask airway over a 48-hour period is reported in a patient with partial upper airway obstruction who required continuous positive airway pressure.


e15529Background: Receptor of activated C kinase 1 (RACK1) is regarded as a scaffolding protein in multiple intracellular signal transduction pathways. Our previous works had demonstrated that RACK...


Half the deaths in patients with congestive heart failure (CHF) are caused by lethal arrhythmias. Moreover, compelling evidence has demonstrated that


Upper limb amputees, using a body-powered prosthesis, generate energy with their shoulders which leads to opening or closing of the prosthesis. The preference for one of these types, voluntary opening (VO) or voluntary closing (VC), differs for individuals and for task specifics. Research is, therefore, done regarding terminal devices which provide both types. Earlier presented hybrid devices are heavy, do not provide mechanical advantage or present a difficult switching procedure. A novel VO/VC device was presented, with the promising features of easy switching and good mechanical performance. However, in user tests this device did not perform well, mainly because of its finger shape. The goal of this study is to improve the grasping performance of the VO/VC device. Changing fingers did not create a device which could fulfil all the requirements. Instead, another idea was embodied, prototyped and tested. This device is able switch between VO and VC, by the use of two separate pivot points. Switching between the two is done with a bi-stable mechanism, which is activated by the intact hand. Results show that the device can be used in both modes and that users are able to switch with the bi-stable mechanism, but the mechanical properties do not meet the requirements. Additionally, the device performs less than expected on the user test, due to the bad mechanical properties and misalignments in the 3D-printed prototype. The device created is a good proof of principle for using two pivot points to shift between VO and VC. However, the bi-stable mechanism did not function as expected and a lot of friction is present leading to high forces in the cable. It is recommended to change the material, focus on using other springs which allow for larger opening widths and generate less friction and change the switching system to increase usability and safety.


The authors describe the Ender's technique in the treatment of fractures of the trochanteric region. They realise a blind nailing, introducing "elastic" nails in the region of the medial condyle, under Xray control. The authors have conducted a biomechanical study comparing this type of nailing with nail-plating (extensometry and mathematical theory). 51 patients were operated-on. The results are analysed. The authors point out that the surgical procedure is very fast and simple, therefore they support it for aged people.


Objective:To investigate the changes of the parotid gland tissue after stensen's duct ligation.Methods:We built the animal model using the SD rat.The experimental group rat's Stensen's duct(right side) was exposed and ligated at each time point(1d,6d,12d,20d,30d).We then used HE stain,immunohistochemistry and morphometry to investigate the morphological and volume fraction changes of acini cells,myoepithelia cells,duct(Intercalated duct and striated duct) and interstitial substance.Results:The parotid gland tissue of experimental group began to atrophy after stensen's duct ligation.Through the morphological we could know that acinar volume fraction gradual decline and disappeared at 30d.Interstitial substance,duct,and myoepithelial cells increased in volume fraction.At 30d,the atrophy of the parotid gland was composed of interstitial substance,duct,and myoepithelial cells.Conclusion:The parotid gland tissue begins to atrophy after stensen's duct ligation.We can avoide salivary fistula by ligate the stensen's duct in the surgery of parotid region.


Objective: Dental caries is an infectious bacterial disease that has plagued human beings for centuries. Streptococcus mutans has been recognized to play a major role in causation of dental caries. Various antiMicrobial agents that act against Streptococcus mutans(S.mutans) have been developed but most of them have other side effects. Thus new biomaterials with lower cost and higher biocompatibility should be explored to fight Streptococcus mutans. Naringenins from citrus plants such as grapefruits are found to be effective against pathogenic bacteria such as Listeria monocytogenes, Escherichia coli, and Staphylococcus aureus.The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of naringenins on the growth of Streptococcus mutans METHODOLOGY: The Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of naringenin against Streptococcus mutans was determined using standard broth dilution method.A twenty four hour growth curve assay was then performed. Results: Naringenin showed an inhibitory effect on the growth of Streptococcus mutans and the Minimum inhibitory Concentration was determined to be between 160 and 320 μg/mL of naringenin. One way Anova followed by post hoc test showed that both Group 1(p-value 0.000738<0.05) and Group 2 (p-value 0.000462) showed a statistically significant difference when compared with the Control Group. No statistically significant difference was found between Group 1 and Group 2 (p-value 0.974793>0.05) Conclusion: The antibacterial effect of Naringenins against Streptocococcus mutans in this study makes it an alternative agent in the management of dental caries.


Due to the rapid increase of intermittent energy resources (IERs), there is a need to have dispatchable production available to ensure secure operation and increase opportunity for energy system flexibility. Gas turbine-based power plants offer flexible operation that is being improved with new technology advancements. Those plants provide, in general, quick start together with significant ramping capability, which can be exploited to balance IERs. Consequently, to understand the potential source of flexibility, better models for gas turbines are required for power system studies and analysis. In this paper, both the required semantic information and physical behavior models of such multi-domain systems are considered. First, UML class diagrams and RDF schemas based on the common information model standards are used to describe the semantic information of the electrical power grid. An extension that exploits the ISO 15926 standard is proposed herein to derive the multi-domain semantics required by integrated electrical power grid with detailed gas turbine dynamic models. Second, the Modelica language is employed to create the equation-based models, which represent the behavior of a multi-domain physical system. A comparative simulation analysis between the power system domain model and the multi-domain model has been performed. Some differences between the turbine dynamics representation of the commonly used GGOV1 standard model and a more detailed gas turbine model are shown.


This paper reports some synthetic efforts on the preparation of qinghaosu analogues from relay intermediate by means of ozonization, α, β-unsaturated ketonic acid Ⅱ, a degradation product from qinghaosu, was treated with methyl Grignard reagent at low temperature to afford an allylic lactone Ⅲ, which on ozonization was converted to a stable ozonide Ⅴ. Reduction of Ⅲ by lithium aluminium hydride, followed by ozonization, gave a 1, 2, 4-trioxan compound Ⅺ, which could not be converted to a similar tetracyclic compound as qinghaosu. However, hydrolysis of Ⅲ, followed by ozonization, yielded a mixture, from which only, an analogue of deoxyqinghaosu was obtained.


Earlier work shows that the biodegradation and biotransformation of commercial linear alkylbenzenesulfonate (LAS) as a carbon source for growth leads to a residue of sulfonated aromatic compounds, termed refractory organic carbon, from the synthetic by‐products. We now show that this refractory organic carbon, after separation from sulfate ion, is utilized extensively as a sulfur source for bacterial growth. The products of desulfonation are expected to be biodegradable, so we question the value of adjectives like refractory.


Methods of inverse projection developed by Ronald D. Lee and the software Populate are used to recalculate population developments in Cuba from 1900 to 1959. Annual estimates of population size by sex are presented as are estimates by sex of births deaths and migrations. (ANNOTATION)


This article presents a new class of filters, conceived for the fabrication with additive manufacturing technologies, with a wide stopband. The resonators are made of a coaxial line where supports are the coupling elements between them. The wide stopband is obtained using two different solutions. The first is the use of stepped-impedance resonators, whereas the second is the use of quarter wavelength resonators. Several prototypes have been built, and the experimental results show the validity of the solution.


Introduction: Particulate air pollution is linked to adverse cardiovascular effects, including arterial stiffness. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of short-term exposure to part...


This study evaluates clinical efficacy of a novel device which uses combined emission of radiofrequency and targeted pressure energy, for reduction of abdominal skin laxity.


Commodity forecasting is a risky but often highly profitable business for private traders. It is equally risky, in a different way, for public officials and never profitable since most people tend to remember the public official's errors and forget the times he was correct. Thus, I shall avoid forecasting and instead examine likely future trends based upon some facts, some extrapolation of the trends of the last three decades, and some personal observations which may be subject to difference of opinion. For two reasons I will focus my comments on a few widely traded agricultural commodities in which the United States has a major interest. One is that these are products about which I presume to have some knowledge; the second reason is that the nature of production, storage, and consumption of these agricultural commodities differ sufficiently from other primary commodities to warrant separate treatment. Even with these limitations, I would hope to be able to evoke some useful discussion and thought about future problems and policy issues. The basic points I hope to make are (a) trade flows in many of these commodities have changed drastically in the past three or four decades; (b) the behavior of countries which play an increasing role in commodity trade results in greater uncertainty and instability in world markets for most of these commodities; (c) traditional adjustment mechanisms no longer function satisfactorily and as a result the adjustments fall on relatively small groups; and (d) given these circumstances and the unwillingness or inability of certain groups to tolerate the prospective situation, new institu-


Pneumococcal disease is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. At present, two anti-pneumococcal vaccines are available for use in adults: the "classical" 23-valent Pneumococcal Polysaccharide Vaccine (PPSV23) and the "new" 13-valent Protein-Polysaccharide Conjugate Vaccine (PCV13). This paper describes rationale and design of the EPIVAC (Effectiveness of Pneumococcal and Influenza Vaccinations among Adults in Catalonia) Study, a population-based prospective cohort study with the major aim of evaluating possible clinical benefits from PPsV23 and PCV13 vaccinations in the general adult population over 50 years. Angel Vila-Corcoles* and Olga Ochoa-Gondar Department of Primary Care, Institute of Catala de la Salut, Spain Angel Vila-Corcoles, et al., Journal of Respiratory Medicine and Lung Disease Remedy Publications LLC. 2018 | Volume 3 | Issue 1 | Article 1032 2 occurrence of any event, disenrollment from the PCC, death, or until the end of three-year follow-up). The study was approved by the ethical committee of the Institution (ethic committee IDIAP Jordi Gol, file P14/134) and will be conducted in accordance with the general principles for observational studies. The Information system for the development of research in primary care of Catalonia (SIDIAP) [9] which compiles administrative data and clinical information contained in the Electronic PCC's medical records will be used to identify vaccinations, comorbidities and underlying risk conditions among study subjects and to establish baseline characteristics of cohort members at study start (Table 1). To identify study events (hospitalisations from invasive pneumococcal disease, pneumococcal pneumonia and/or all-cause pneumonia) occurred among cohort members across study period, we will use the national surveillance system for hospital discharge data ("Conjunto Minimo Basico de Datos", CMBD) reported across study period from the 68 Catalonian hospitals. Pneumococcal vaccination status (PPsV23 and PCV13) will be determined by reviewing PCCs' electronic clinical records, which contain specially designated fields for pneumococcal and influenza vaccinations (virtually all of them are administered at the PCCs in the Spanish Health System). Across the study period, pneumococcal vaccination status will be as a time-varying condition given some individuals can receive the vaccine after the study start. Cox regression models for time-varying covariables will be used to evaluate the association between having received the PPsV23/PCV13 and the time of the first outcome during the study period. Multivariable hazard ratios (HRs) adjusted for age, sex and comorbidities/underlying conditions will be calculated for each outcome measure. Vaccine effectiveness (VE) for both PCV13 and PPsV23 will be estimated as VE=(1-HR)x100.


* Corresponding Author: Manolis Georgievich Pursanov, MD Department of Endovascular and Intraoperative Diagnostic and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease Bakoulev Scientific Center for Cardiovascular Surgery Rublevskoe Shosse 135, Россия, Moscow, 121552, Russian Federation Tel. +8 495 414 78 89; Fax: +8 926 529 32 23; E-Mail: firstname.lastname@example.com Fax +1 203 785 3346 E-Mail: email@example.com http://structuralheartdisease.org/ © 2018 Journal of Structural Heart Disease Published by Science International Corp. ISSN 2326-4004 Abstract Congenital supravalvular aortic stenosis (SVAS), in vast majority of cases is a manifestation of Williams syndrome. Surgical correction of this pathology is a "gold standard" for treatment in these patients. One of the most dangerouse potential complications in surgical repair of this disease is acute dissection of the ascending aorta, arising in 0.7% of cases. This complication can be attributed to both surgical errors and or due to the anatomical features of the aortic wall. We report on a pediatric patient with Williams syndrome, 2.3 yr, 11.9 kg, who underwent surgical repair for supravalvar aortic stenosis using the Doty technique. Aortic dissection was diagnosed using aortography. This was managed by implanting two Valeo stents.


The recent swine flu outbreak thankfully was not a pandemic. But it may have been the start of a new industry, for immunization for influenza H1N1.


For researching the effect of breaking and disturbing of explosive reactive armors to jet,study on the rule of the penetration of the jet against thin steel plate.The model of the penetration of jet against semi-infinite plate was cited, which was modified by fluid dynamics method and was verified by experiment,may apply to calculate the radius of penetration hollow while thin steel plate was penetrated just now,and to analyze crater growth course of high velocity jet to thin plate.The results of computations of the initial penetration of jet demonstrated good agreement with experiment.


The title of this paper might be misunderstood. Let me indicate at the outset that I am not using the term 'dialect' in a different sense from the one it usually has when it is applied to the 'Subakhmimic dialect' (in the singular). What I am concerned with here is not a matter of terms (and how to use them) but a matter of actual varieties of language (and how to distinguish them). I shall make at least two claims in this paper: first, that the varieties of Coptic used in texts such as Thompson's Gospel of John, the Heidelberg manuscript of the Acts of Paul, the Manichaean manuscripts, and the Epistle of James, Gospel of Truth, etc.. from Nag Hammadi cannot reasonably be taken to represent one Coptic dialect, namely 'Subakhmimic' (or 'Lvcopolitan'), but are diverse. My second claim is tha t the language of these texts is not just an idiosyncratic form of Coptic in each case but more or less conforms to three linguistic standards, which accordingly ought to be kept apart from each other as three dialects. These claims are of course neither new nor original. One of the earliest investigators of what we conventionally call 'Subakhmimic', MariusChaine, meant to describe "three dialects" in the supplement to his Grammaire copte: 'Tensemble des dialectes de AP, J , Μ". Also, I know from personal communication that net a few colleagues and members of this association share my view—at least as far as the first claim is concerned. But still, I am afraid, it is worth an argument as long as the fictitious idea of there being a Subakhmimic dialect is one of the regular traps that students of Coptic are lured into by current textbooks or teachers. In order to take into account as many as possible of the 'ifs' and 'buts', and to provide support to the two claims at one time, I have chosen to approach this issue rather fundamentally—by proceeding, so to speak, 'from the ground up' rather than 'from the top down'. This means that I s tart at the level of idiolects, or single manuscripts, presupposing no dialect at all, and try to unite them according to their linguistic similarities into groups that can betaken to represent dialects.


: In the current study, the response of cv. Fortuna grown under high tunnel conditions to water deficiency and bio-stimulant application were inspected by evaluating the morphological (crown number, whole crown diameter and leaf area) and physiological (stomatal conductance and leaf water potential) parameters along with the yield. The amounts of applied irrigation water were 1.00 (control) and 0.50 times water evaporation from surface measured by a standard Class A pan. In current study, when compare to drought conditions, application of bio-stimulant resulted in the increase of crown number (25%), yield (13%), mean fruit weight (11%), leaf area (9%), stomatal conductance (8%), leaf water potential (6%), whole crown diameter (% 5) and fruit number (3%). Moreover; it could be stated that cv. Fortuna responded to water deficiency, besides stomatal closure, by reduction of leaf area, fruit number, crown number, whole crown diameter, leaf water potential (Lwp), mean fruit weight and yield. When the interactions between bio-stimulant applications and limited-watered conditions (IR 50 ) are examined in terms of their morpho-physiological responses, it has been found there are clearly abundant variation for stomatal conductance (12%), leaf area (4%), Lwp (5%) and mean fruit weight (8%). All these results show that bio-stimulant applications should be combined with optimal irrigation water, besides, obtaining information about plant morpho-physiological responses under drought conditions can contribute to improving of plant adaptations under multiple stress conditions for strawberry.


This research describes the form of politeness and character of the characters Srikandi and Dewi Kunti in the epic Mahabarata Rajagopalachari. Srikandi is a brave puppet character, while Dewi Kunti is a wise mother puppet character. Srikandi and Dewi Kunti are female characters in wayang who have the same strength as men. This study uses a qualitative descriptive method with a feminist approach. The results of this study show how the form and character and gender relations of the characters Srikandi and Dewi Kunti in the wayang story. Second, this study found the feminist characters of the two characters based on their attitudes and ways of responding to various problems in the story.


Cooperative language learning is part of collaborative learning approach.Different from the traditional language teaching methods,cooperative language learning focuses on cooperation and communication between students,and attains the aim of study with the teacher's guide.


Objective:To introduce the ifficacy and value of application of epiglottis and sternocleidomastoid muscle periost valves in repairing laryngotracheal stenosis.Methods:Epiglottis and sternocleidomastoid muscle periost valves were used to repair throat deletion after resecting narrow laryngotrachea.Results:19 cases were primary healing in 20 cases.The tube could not be plucked away in 1 case.The rate of decannulation was 95%.Postoperative dilator was took out between 7 and 15 days and Wind pipe was occluded between 20 and 80 day.The mean postoperative time of decannulation from nastles and trachea was 46 and 16 days,respectively.There were different phonetic hoarseness of glottic stenosis.The phonation of subglottic and cervical tracheostenosis was normal.5 clavicular periosteal ossification were detected by CT postoperative 12 months.Conclusion:Epiglottis sternocleidomustoid muscle periost valve has rich blood supply,solid material and suitable arch similar to that of anterior-lateral larynx or thachea.The valve within normal musoca preventing granulation and resisting pressure change with aspiration is an idea material for larynogotrachea.The method has better late effect.


The article considers different registers of moderation in contemporary discourses around feminism particularly in the context of postfeminism, neoliberalism and faith. It explores what work 'moderation', together with (but not reducible to) that of a 'moderate feminism', does in these distinct but not unrelated contexts. A distinction is made between moderation – as performance, process and practice –against various invocations of 'moderate feminism' that serve to dismiss, co-opt, diminish or even domesticate feminist practice (even as their mutually constitutive nature is acknowledged at times). I am less interested in what the politics of moderation has to offer feminism or what a moderate feminism might look like than what the term signifies in various discursive and political contexts. Why, on the one hand, has a supposedly 'domesticated' feminism found more public patronage via the media as opposed to a 'radical' one? Why, on the other hand, has this domestication been read as a sign of feminism's co-option and attendant depoliticization in critiques of postfeminism and neoliberal development? And finally, why are the virtues of a moderate feminism being exalted and even more problematically, legitimized in complicated local terrains of politicized faith and secularism? These different discursive incarnations and effects serve to demonstrate the instability of the term 'moderation', its blurring with a 'moderate feminism' found in discussions of postfeminism, neoliberalism and religion, and how its rhetoric and politics serve to bridge some of the polarities that pervade contemporary feminist thought and activism while, at times, reinforcing these.


The invention relates to an inflatable medical dilation balloon comprising: a polymer blend comprising a crystalline polymer and an additive polymer improver adaptability that interrupts the crystalline structure of the crystalline polymer.


Aim: The main aim of this research study is to detect fraudulent service enrollment websites using the Novel Random Forest algorithm and compare its accuracy with the XGBoost classifier algorithm. Materials and Methods: This research involved comparing two groups namely Random Forest and XGBoost. In this study, 1784 dataset samples had been utilized for statistical analysis. Dataset splits into training and testing which have 1200 of training and 584 of testing. The Gpower test was utilized with a setting parameter of 85% (α=0.05 and power=0.85) to determine the appropriate sample size. With a sample size of 10 and a confidence interval of 95%, we aimed to predict fraudulent service enrollment websites. Results: The significant value of p=0.000 (p<0.05) is statistically significant for detecting fraud websites. The Novel Random Forest algorithm demonstrates higher accuracy in recognizing objects and enhancing the evaluated data, with an accuracy rate of 92.634%, compared to the XGBoost classifier which achieves an accuracy of 75.545%. Conclusion: The accuracy of Novel Random Forest is better when compared to accuracy of XGBoost classifier.


Nursing handover is an integral part of safe patient care in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU).The term handover refers to a nurse taking responsibility and accountability of care from another nurse at the end of the shift and is used interchangeably with terms such as hand-off, handover, sign off, inter-shift report and shift report. Nursing handover can represent a potential risk for patients and health institutions as information during the handover processes can be lost, misinterpreted or miscommunicated. Thus, the process of communication during handover is vital in the fast-paced world of an Intensive Care Unit. Purpose of the study The purpose of this study was to explore handover processes and practices between nursing staff from the Intensive Care Units of private hospitals in the eThekwini district. Methodology A qualitative, exploratory, descriptive design guided the study by implementing the Situation, Background, Assessment and Recommendations (SBAR) framework. In-depth interviews of Intensive Care Nurses were conducted to collect data. Intensive Care Unit trained and experienced Registered Nurses and Enrolled Nurses were interviewed. A total of twenty-two (22) participants were interviewed during the working hours of the participants. Findings The study findings revealed that during handover practices in the Intensive Care Unit communication is the most important component of human interaction and is necessary for the transfer of information from the sender to the receiver. Handover was, however, not consistent in all hospitals and the junior nurses were not given the necessary support and supervision at times, due to the acuity of the patients and the shortage of nurses in the unit. There was no structured handover tool in place to ensure that the process was formalized for all nurses in the Intensive Care Units to follow. Conclusion The study concluded with recommendations made to improve the handover process which included the use of Situation, Background, Assessment and Recommendations (SBAR) framework to ensure that the process is structured, having a team leader free to assist junior staff to ensure the handover runs smoothly, handover processes should be taught in nursing colleges and that nursing management should assist the staff by drawing up a proper handover policy. Further research should be conducted on this topic but in other departments in the hospitals to evaluate how their handover practices are done.


The Basel Committee is currently reviewing the Accord on capital adequacy. It should provide new approaches that are more sensitive to risks. This paper focuses on the Internal Rating Based Advanced approach for retail exposures, which is compared to a one systematic factor model in order to highlight the underlying hypotheses of Basel II. The Basel framework assumes that the asset return correlation is solely determined by the probability of default (PD). However, the one-factor model highlights the influence of the volatility of PD on the asset return correlation, especially for low PDs. The assumption of the Basel framework implies first that there may be opportunities for regulatory arbitrage. Second, as the regulatory capital curve is concave in PD, it gives an incentive to decompose the portfolio into segments only for reducing the capital requirement. Finally, the inaccurate measure of asset return correlation might be misleading for credit risk management. The Basel framework is applied to a large portfolio of retail contracts (35,787 individual automotive lease contracts) provided from a major European financial institution. We show that the outcomes of Basel II are empirically relevant.


The Provincial Injury Surveillance System was initiated in Thailand in 1993 to establish a database for assessment of the quality of acute care and referral services provided to the injured at the provincial level, and to facilitate injury prevention and control at both local and national levels. An injury surveillance system model that adopted a trauma registry as the record form, was established in five selected large hospitals, one from Bangkok and four from major regions of Thailand. Data analysis was undertaken and utilized at both local and national levels. The Epidemiology Division of the Ministry of Public Health supervised and assessed the data quality. Evaluators from the School of Public Health identified problems in operating the system at the provincial level and assessed the feasibility of expanding the project. The data of 66,895 injuries including 1,755 deaths reported in 1995; revealed fundamental problems in the emergency medical services. Causes of major injuries were identified and the...


: Background: To determine the correlation of cycle of threshold (CT) values of Cartridge based nucleic acid amplification (CBNAAT) with Time to culture positivity(TTCP). Materials and Methods : We analyzed data retrospectively from Intermediate reference laboratory (IRL), Visakhapatnam, that tested 149 sputum samples from January to October 2019, which were Xpert positive cases. Paired sputum samples were collected and tested using Xpert and BACTEC MGIT 960 liquid culture. Analyzed an association between CT value and growth at weeks by using Chi-square test (p value<0.05). Results: out of 149 Xpert positive samples, 32.21% (n=48) samples were culture positive whereas 60.40% (n=90) were negative and 7.4% (n=11) were contaminated samples. The mean CT value and mean TTCP among culture positives were 22.18 and 30.87, respectively. There was a significant association between CT values and growth at weeks (p-value <0.05). The samples with high and medium detected CT values mostly shown earlier culture positivity. Spearman correlation of mean CT value with TTCP showed a moderate positive correlation (r=0.47). Linear regression analysis found the association between MGIT TTCP and CT value of CBNAAT (R 2 =0.22). Conclusion: CBNAAT is an accurate test for the diagnosis of Tuberculosis. Although CT values of CBNAAT are correlating with TTCP, further studies are needed to suggest as an independent predictor of a bacillary load.


Problem of intranet security is almost birth with network interconnection, especially when the demand for network interconnection is booming throughout the world. The traditional technology can't guarantee the access terminals to its safe and reliable. In view of this, this paper introduces the trustworthiness evaluation technology in trusted computing. The collection and management model is established to deal with the evidences. Through analysing access terminals' own environment and behavior this paper puts forward a model of trust evaluation of tree type, and focuses on the analysis of decision attributes in the model. The model uses multi dimension attributes to determine the trusted access. Finally, the assessment model is analyzed and validated through a simulation experiment, and the results show that the evaluation model is feasible and effectiveness.


Research Programme of the Sleep/Wake Research Centre, Massey University Research School of Public Health, Wellington, New Zealand. 5 Portfolios: Occupational Safety and Health, Epidemiology of Sleep Disorders in Aotearoa/New Zealand, Healthy Sleep Across the Lifespan, Basic Sleep and Circadian Science & Arts/Science Collaboration


The Taiwan Columbia Selling Co. was colonial Taiwan's biggest music brand which released the largest quantity of Taiwanese local music records before World War II. Having investigated into the history of Taiwan Columbia Selling Co., we find many "notifications of music selection," which suffice for explaining the workings of music release in its initial stage. Through these notifications, among which precious official documents of internal circulation are also included, we know that Taiwan Columbia Record Company negotiated with its parent company, the Nippon Phonograph Co., over the standards of music selection.Although these "notifications of music selection" were mainly sent by the Taiwan Columbia Selling Co. to Nippon Phonograph Co. for confirmation, we can read from the negotiations for more information over division of work, the demand for record quality and so on.This paper thus attempts to analyze these notifications and finds the following results: (1) the roles of Taiwan Columbia Selling Co. and the Nippon Phonograph Co. in the initiation of marketing plan of music records release, (2) the procedures of Taiwanese local music's production and release, (3) the influences of the contemporary situation upon album release, especially the official need for war-time propaganda. The above findings will help elucidate the rise and fall of Taiwan Columbia Selling Co.


Much can be learned about an animal species' behavior by studying its visual system [1]. However, it is challenging to convey such a fundamentally visual concept in plain text — a format that is still commonly used in zoos, museums, and classrooms — and is unlikely to appeal to young observers, in partiuclar. Recent advances in computer graphics hardware and techniques enable us to simulate animal visual systems in realtime, allowing a user to explore the world from 'behind the eyes' of the species in question. We have developed a simulation of bee vision based on neuroscience and biology research using a difference-based methodology that emphasizes the key differences between the human and bee visual systems. By integrating the simulation into a serious game, we are able to enhance the simulation's impact, while at the same time engaging users in an entertaining and memorable experience. We conducted a user study to evaluate the impact of our educational game, and found that it was successful in stimulating a significant increase in knowledge regarding bee vision.


Enabling a mobile robot to achieve its self-localization in real-time with vision only, demands for new approaches and new computer algorithms. An approach for giving game field self-localization to a Middle Size RoboCup Soccer robot can be based in two steps: finding the game field lines and evaluating the obtained coordinates calculating the robot coordinates. This paper describes a method to achieve the first step. This approach is based on an algorithm that combines three major features: edge detection, selection and collinearity search. The final target is to retrieve the line segments (defined by its two limits coordinates), which identify the game field boundary lines. These line coordinates will be used on the next step that is the process to calculate the robot position in the game field. Since this first step is to find lines in real time, it is an alternative method to the Hough Transform Method.


Pavement construction leads to concretization due to urbanization which caused the conversion of natural pervious ground into impervious layer. The impervious layers have reduced the groundwater recharge and increased the frequency of flash and floods along with urban heat island (UHI effects). One of the engineered ways to reduce the effect of impervious layers is by adopting pervious concrete pavement suitability. Pervious Concrete pavement helps to increase the groundwater recharge, reduce the UHI effect, and the frequency of flash and floods. However, the urbanization and implementation of pervious concrete pavement in Indian are very minimal owing to lack of expertise and experience. Pervious Concrete is a special type of concrete that does not have fine aggregates like conventional concrete pavement. It consists of cement, coarse aggregates, water and admixtures if required. As there are no fine aggregates in the concrete matrix, the void content is more which introduces porosity, hence also called as permeable concrete and porous concrete. Due to the introduction of voids, the compressive strength of pervious concrete is less. A lot of research work is going on to increase the compressive strength of concrete. Hence due to having low strength as compared to conventional concrete, it's usage is limited even though having a lot of advantages. For now, it's usage is limited to parking spots and lightweight traffic roads. If the properties are improved, we can use pervious concrete for medium and heavy traffic roads. The main aim of our study is to assess the suitability of the perforated road pavement system advantageously. Index Terms Groundwater Recharge, Permeable Concrete, Porous Concrete, (UHI effects), Compressive Strength.


Amino acids and peptides bearing cyclic hydrocarbon side-chains are of interest in the development of a wide range of bioactive molecules. The preparation of an amino acid and a dipeptide derivative bearing an unfunctionalised cubane substituent is described. Attempts to prepare a cubylalanine derivative via the corresponding dehydroalanine were unsuccessful due to the high sensitivity of this vinyl cubane compound. Conversely, the addition of cubyllithium to a (RS)-glyoxylate sulfinimine led to an effective synthesis of a cubylglycine derivative and a cubane-substituted dipeptide in diastereomerically pure form.


The critical behavior of La 0 . 5 Ca 0 . 2 Sr 0 . 3 MnO 3 manganite has been investigated by measuring the magnetization around the Curie temperature T C . The experimental results indicate that this sample exhibits a second-order phase transition. The critical exponents ( β , γ and δ ) are estimated using the Kouvel–Fisher technique and critical isotherm analysis. The reliability of obtained exponents was confirmed by using the universal scaling hypothesis. The obtained β value ( = 0 . 47) is close to that expected for the mean-field model ( = 0 . 5), while the γ value ( = 1 . 28) lies between the 3D Ising ( = 1 . 24) and 3D Heisenberg ( = 1 . 336) models. This reveals that the critical exponents of this half-doped manganite do not correspond to the conventional universality classes. In addition, the results show that the ferromagnetic interaction is of itinerant type.


Background:
 Patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) are often complicated with cerebrovascular disease (CVD). Although there are many reports on the relation between stroke with symptomatic signs and CAD, there are few studies on CVD findings obtained from imaging examination irrespective of neurological signs. The aim was to examine the prevalence of CVD findings and clinical outcome in CAD patients.

 Methods:
 In 1091 consecutive CAD patients (772 males, mean age 70.1±10.3) who required percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), we examined the CVD findings by computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of brain before PCI. Patients were classified into 4 CVD findings and non-CVD: 1) microbleeds (G1), 2) lacunar infarction (G2), 3) non-lacunar infarction more severe than lacunar infarction (G3), 4) old cerebral bleeding (G4), and 5) non-CVD findings (G0). Acute conditions of CVD were excluded. Clinical endpoints were cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction (MI), stroke, unstable angina (UA) and urgent revascularization.

 Results:
 The number of CVD from cerebral imaging was 324 (29.7%) and there were 26 (2.4%), 125 (11.5%), 144 (13.2%), 29 (2.6%) and 767 (70.3%) in G1, G2, G3, G4 and G0, respectively. Patients with CVD findings had a high incidence of left main trunk or multi-vessels diseases, peripheral artery disease, chronic kidney disease and high age and high pulse wave velocity. Cardiovascular event rate was significantly higher in patients with CVD findings than in patients with non-CVD findings (9.6% vs. 4.7%, P=0.002). Details in clinical outcome were as follows: cardiovascular death (G1, G2, G3, G4, and G0; 0%, 0.8%, 2.8%, 3.4% and 0.9%, respectively), MI (0%, 0.8%, 0.7%, 3.4% and 0.5%), stroke (0%, 4.0%, 1.4%, 3.4%, and 0.7%), UA (3.8%, 4.0%, 4.2%, 6.9%, and 2.5%), revascularization (3.8%, 0.8%, 2.2%, 3.4% and 0.7%), respectively. Multiple regression analysis identified CVD findings as a predictor of clinical events (OR, 2.06; 95%CI, 1.18-3.60; P=0.001).

 Conclusions:
 There was high incidence of MRI or CT findings of brain irrespective or with or without neurological signs in CAD patients. We should also pay attention to asymptomatic patients with microbleeds or lacunar infarction irrespective of overt previous stroke.


This study aimed to characterize the inactivation kinetics of cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) by erythromycin, which involves mechanism‐based inhibition (MBI), in detail. In addition to an MBI assay based on the conventional method in which erythromycin and recombinant CYP3A4 were pre‐incubated for 15 min, the study also evaluated the long‐term MBI kinetics of this reaction by pre‐incubation for 120 min. Mechanism‐based inhibition profiles were obtained using three typical substrates, testosterone, midazolam and nifedipine. In the long‐term assay, erythromycin evoked a time‐dependent biphasic reduction in enzyme activity, but some residual activity (α) was detected in the terminal phase. The inactivation rate constant obtained in the presence of 30 μm erythromycin using nifedipine as a substrate was 1.44‐fold higher than that acquired using testosterone, while there was no difference among the α values obtained with the three substrates. In the short‐term assay, time‐dependent monophasic inactivation was observed. To extrapolate these data to in vivo, the extent of the increase in the area under the curve (AUC ratio) induced by erythromycin was estimated from the results of the conventional short‐term experiment and the long‐term experiment examining residual activity. The AUC ratio estimated from the long‐term kinetics (2.92) was closer to the clinically reported values (3.3–4.42). In conclusion, the relatively long‐term evaluation of the kinetics of CYP3A4 inactivation revealed that the enzyme was not fully inactivated by erythromycin. To improve the estimation of the extent of the drug–drug interactions induced by MBI from in vitro data, longer‐term investigations of the target enzyme's inactivation profile might be necessary.


"Besides ours, no other nation in Europe has such a peculiar understanding of its own past and present. No other nation's consciousness is torn into two halves, completely foreign to one another and utterly disconnected. Like us, all the European nations have experienced abrupt turning points in their histories, sometimes more than once….But neither pre-revolutionary France nor pre-revolutionary Germany is separated, in the eyes of Frenchmen and Germans, from their reality by a wall as impass...


We introduce the photonic analogue of electronic Van Hove singularities (VHS) in hyperbolic metamaterials. The VHS is related to slow-light modes of the metamaterial, and has applications in molecular sensing, quantum optics and thermal engineering.


Air conditioning evaporator works by absorbing heat from the other fluid such as brine & water or air that is to be cooled. It does that by maintaining the evaporator coil at low temperature and pressure than the surrounding air. In this project, the modeling and thermal analysis of an air-cooled evaporator for 1.5 ton air conditioner are done. In this project, the material used for coils is pure copper and the material used for fins are pure copper, brass or Aluminum with different alloy whose thermal conductivity is more than 200 w/m.k. Three models for an Air-conditioner evaporator were modeled using Pro-Engineer version 5.0 for the design of components (coil pipes , plate fins and then assembly ) which have different in tube pitch , fin thickness and fin pitch . The Thermal Analysis of the three models has been carried out by using ANSYS WORKBENCH version 15.0 software. In thermal Analysis , the thermal properties are analyzed like nodal temperature , heat flux and direction of heat flux .The Thermal Analysis of the three models has been carried out by using various inside cooling fluids (Refrigerant) like R12 as Chlorofluorocarbons Refrigerant(CFC), R22 as Hydro chlorofluorocarbon Refrigerant (HCFC) and R134a as Hydro fluorocarbons Refrigerant (HFC) and also fins material is varied as pure copper , copperZink(brass) ,AL-1050 and AL-1100. The results obtained from the analysis of each model are expressed in the figures for nodal temperature and heat flux for different fin materials and refrigerants .The best material and best fluid for the evaporator of the design are checked by comparing the results. Comparison among the three results obtained from the analysis for each refrigerant are expressed in the figures for nodal temperature and heat flux for different fin materials to see the effect of tube pitch, thickness and pitch of the


Introduction: Neoliberalism and Developmental Politics in Perspective C.Kyung-Sup , L.Weiss & B.Fine PART I: DEVELOPMENTAL POLITICS AND NEOLIBERALISM: CRITICAL ISSUES The Myth of the Neoliberal State L.Weiss Kicking Away the Ladder: Neoliberalism and the 'Real' History of Capitalism C.Ha-Joon Neo-Liberalism in Retrospect? - It's Financialisation, Stupid B.Fine Predicaments of Neoliberalism in the Post-Developmental Liberal Context C.Kyung-Sup European Welfare States: Neoliberal Retrenchment, Developmental Reinforcement, or Plural Evolutions P.Abrahamson PART II: DEVELOPMENTAL POLITICS AND NEOLIBERALISM IN DEVELOPING POLITICAL ECONOMIES Neoliberalism, Democracy and Development Policy in Brazil A.Saad-Filho From Dirgisme to Neoliberalism: Aspects of the Political Economy of the Transition in India C.P.Chandrasekhar The Transition from Neoliberalism to State Neoliberalism in China at the Turn of the 21st Century A.Y.So & Y.Chu Vietnam between Developmental State and Neoliberalism: The Case of the Industrial Sector P.Masina New Developmentalism in the Old Wineskin of Neoliberalism in Uganda J.Kiiza PART III: DEVELOPMENTAL POLITICS AND NEOLIBERALISM IN ADVANCED POLITICAL ECONOMIES Neoliberal Restructuring in South Korea Before and After the Crisis T.Y.Kong The Irish Social Partnership Model: From Growth Promotion to Crisis Management? K.Hyeong-ki From Developmentalism to Neoliberalism and Back Again? Governing the Market in Australia from the 1980s to the Present E.Thurbon PART IV: CONCLUSION AND PROSPECT Developmental Politics beyond the Neoliberal Era B.Fine & C.Kyung-Sup


A novel intensity-type vibration sensor using multiple phase-shifted fiber Bragg grating (MPS-FBG) pair is proposed to improve vibration sensitivity of a system interrogated by broadband source. The enhanced vibration sensitivity compared to normal FBG is accomplished by the increased of total intensity change produced by multiple subchannels operation. Significant vibration sensitivity enhancement has been achieved compared to the normal FBG in experiment (e.g. nearly 20 dB using 17 phase shifted FBG), which agrees with the theoretical expectation. The improved sensitivity of the proposed scheme would be highly desirable for cost effective wavelength multiplexed vibration sensing system based on single broadband source.


Objective: The objective of this research is to find out how the Covid-19 pandemic forces the learning process at all levels of education including higher education to be carried out online, where face-to-face meetings are not allowed. How the influence of relational contact and physical context on context-based customer education and on the value of student experience and student loyalty in private universities is the aim of this study.Methodology: The survey was conducted in three major cities in Indonesia, namely Palembang, Bandung, and Surabaya with a total sample of 280 students. Characteristics of respondents based on age, gender, and semester of the three samples of cities are relatively homogeneous. Data analysis was carried out using a structural equation model (SEM) approach with the help of LISREL software.Finding: The results showed that the relational context had a positive and significant effect on context-based customer education, but the physical context had no effect. Context-based customer education has a positive effect on the value of student experience and student loyalty.Conclusion: Even though learning is done through online, students hope that there will be a strong interaction between lecturers and students, so that in lectures, at least it is carried out using blended learning. Strong interaction between students and lecturers is a context-based customer (student) education that can improve the student experience and have an impact on student loyalty to their alma mater.


This article presents differences in sampling procedures and fieldwork execution of national surveys within five major comparative cross-country projects, i.e., Eurobarometer/Candidate Countries Eurobarometer, the European Quality of Life Survey, the European Social Survey, the European Values Study and the International Social Survey Programme. The main part of the analysis is based on a dataset describing the methodology of 1537 surveys that were carried out in the period from 1981 to 2017 on representative samples of the populations of European countries. The author starts with a short overview of a cross-country project and then presents the scope of methodological archivisation of sampling and fieldwork procedures. Cross-projects and longitudinal differences in the quality of survey documentation are also explained. The main analysis describes the cross- and within-project differences in survey procedures with respect to 1) target populations, 2) sampling frames, 3) types of survey samples and sampling designs, 4) within-household selection of target persons in address-based samples, 5) fieldwork execution (e.g., length of fieldwork, modes of data collection, presence or absence of substitutions, use of advance letters and respondents' incentives, presence of refusal conversions or back-checking procedures), and 6) fieldwork outcome rates.


Osler's "A way of life" and other addresses with commentary and annotations Shigeaki Hinohara and Hisae Niki, editors Durham & London: Duke University Press; 2001 378 pp. US$29.95 ISBN 0-82232-682-5

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Figure. Photo by: Brodel Archives,


Effects of the grain sizes and content of the active components in the aggregates are one of the focal points that the engineering consistently pays attention to.In this paper ASR expansion tests are conducted for the aggregates containing different grain sizes and contents of the active components.The test results indicate that the largest ASR expansion of the specimen does not directly related with the amounts and types of the active components contained in the aggregates,and there are specific tents and grain sizes of the active components contained in the aggregates that cause the largest expansion of the specimen.


Variational calculus on a vector bundle E equipped with a structure of a general algebroid is developed, together with the corresponding analogs of Euler–Lagrange equations. Constrained systems are introduced in the variational and geometrical settings. The constrained Euler–Lagrange equations are derived for analogs of holonomic, vakonomic and nonholonomic constraints. This general model covers the majority of first-order Lagrangian systems which are present in the literature and reduces to the standard variational calculus and the Euler–Lagrange equations in classical mechanics for E = TM.


Ti-48Al-0.7B-xNb (x=0, 3, 5, 8; atomic fraction, %) alloys were centrifugal cast into car exhaust valves and their microstructures and mechanical properties were studied. The results indicate that all the cast alloys possessed the fully lamellarα2+γstructure, and has noβphase. The grain sizes of the alloys with different Nb contents are related to the additive composition supercooling induced by boron at the solidification front area and the grain boundary pinned by the precipitated borides during the solidification process. The interlamellar spacing (σ2) has a linear relationship with grain size d-1/2. Theσb of the alloy is affected by oxygen and niobium contents and theδis directly dominated by the grain size. The Ti-48Al-0.7B-5Nb alloy has the most refined grain size and the optimum combined mechanical property (σb=399.6 MPa,δ=0.26%).


In times of the pandemic and the beginning of the energy crisis, the financial situation of enterprises operating in the energy generation sector may be a problem. This sector includes companies that generate energy in different ways and from different sources. The aim of this study is to determine the general financial situation of enterprises in the energy sector listed on the Warsaw Stock Exchange. The subject of the paper are the annual financial reports of these entities for the years 2015–2021. Tree hypotheses were formulated regarding various aspects of the financial situation of the entities under study. The following research methods were used in this paper: analysis of the literature on the subject and financial statements, and methods of descriptive statistics. The indicators of liquidity, profitability, debt and activity were calculated. The values of the maximum, minimum, median, upper and lower quartiles, the arithmetic mean, kurtosis and skewness were then calculated for each indicator. The increase in energy prices was influenced by the high rate of economic growth and the so-called post-epidemic inflation. This, in turn, was reflected in the performance of companies in the energy sector, resulting in increased profitability. The research carried out by the authors confirmed that the sector financial indicators of energy enterprises with a dominant share of private capital are concentrated closer to the average value than enterprises with a dominant share of the State Treasury. The financial situation of coal power engineering companies is more stable than that of renewable energy companies.


ABSTRACT This study investigated the influence of grade level on the development of science epistemological beliefs and the relationship between science epistemological beliefs and science achievement among co-educational secondary schools of Homa Bay County, Kenya. The study employed cross-sectional and correlational survey designs with purposive sampling. Epistemological Beliefs Questionnaire (EBQ) was used to measure science epistemological beliefs. The instrument was administered to 214 students from 2 co-educational schools (Grade 9, n = 116, Grade 12, n = 98). Students' achievement in Biology, Chemistry and Physics were computed for Science Achievement Scores (SAS). The data were analysed by grade level using independent sample t-tests and by dimensions and achievement scores using multiple regression analysis. The findings indicate statistically significant grade level differences in terms of source, certainty and development and non-significant grade level differences in terms of justification. The findings also indicate that certainty and justification dimensions were significant predictors of science achievement. It is concluded that grade level has an influence on development of epistemological beliefs (source, certainty and development) and certainty and justification dimensions were predictors of science achievement. Implications for practice and further research are herein explained.


A model for light scattering by rough surfaces is presented. It is based on the Kirchhoff approximation of the electromagnetic field. In particular, the approach of Beckmann is extended and developed to meet the requirements of lighting engineers. The intensity scattered by a normally distributed rough surface is derived for any angles of incidence and scattering. It is then analysed and transformed into photometric quantities such as radiance and radiance factors. The final expression of the model is fairly concise, with only a few parameters. It is compared with measurements of the intensity scattered by a rough surface. Frosted glass has been chosen for the surfaces because it is homogeneous and transparent, such that no volume scattering was present. When shadowing effects are taken into account, it is shown that the relative deviation from measured intensities is less than 30% for significant values.


Since many of the available digital instruments are provided with some communication interfaces and the internetenabled metrology is rapidly developing in the recent years, it is possible to create an actual remote calibration system with remote control capabilities. This approach addresses a wide range of possible applications that allows driving many kinds of different devices and is easily upgradeable. This paper focuses on some of the solutions for security problems regarding remotely executed internet-enabled calibration processes.


The application of a patient safety culture such as reporting and recording patient safety incidents at Mitra Sejati Hospital has not been implemented well since most of its nurses do not comply with the rules such as they do not report the incidence since they think that it is not serious enough and they are afraid of reporting it to the management. The objective of the research was to analyze in the influence of individual characteristics and leadership style on nurses' compliance with patient safety at Mitra Sejati Hospital. The research used explanatory method with cross sectional design. The population was 132 patients, and 57 of them were used as the samples. The data were gathered by using questionnaires and by using multiple linear regression tests at the significance level of 95%. The results showed that there were 64.9% of nurses who were less obedient in implementing a patient safety culture, while those who were obedient were 15.8%. Individual characteristic variables include attitude (p = 0.041) and leadership style variables (p = 0.029) have an effect on nurses' compliance with the application of patient safety culture. The dominant variable that has the most influence is leadership style with a coefficient value of β = 0.350, meaning that if the head of the room applies a leadership style it will result in an increase in nurse compliance with the application of patient safety culture by 0.350. The nurse's assessment of the headroom's leadership style that is most preferred is the participatory leadership style. It is recommended that the hospital provide training on patient safety to improve the attitude of nurses in realizing potential events or injuries that are more dangerous to patients, so that each head of the room can be a role model for implementing nurses to comply with a patient safety incident reporting culture.


The one‐pot reaction of 4‐benzylpyridine‐3‐carbonitrile with Bredereck's reagent and subsequent treatment with either glacial acetic acid and sulfuric acid or ammonium acetate provided the new bioactive naphthyridine alkaloids lophocladine A and B, respectively.


Developmental dyslexia is generally characterized as an inconsistency between reading capacity and insight in teenagers receiving adequate reading instruction. Since the definition is wholly behavioral, it leaves open the cause for reading. It is presently well known that dyslexia is a neurological issue with a hereditary root, which is at currently being explored. The disorder has long-lasting determination, reading retardation being exclusively one of its indications. ahead of this approval, and even though decades of demanding research, the underlying biological and cognitive causes of the reading retardation are still emotionally debated. There are three major theories of dyslexia. The aim of the current study is to make evidence to choose among these theories.


A new carboxylic acid functionalized mesoporous organic polymer has been synthesized via in situ radical polymerization of divinylbenzene and acrylic acid using a mesoporous silica as a seed during the polymerization process under solvothermal conditions. The mesoporous material MPDVAA-1 has been thoroughly characterized employing powder XRD, solid state 13C cross polarization magic angle spinning-nuclear magnetic resonance, FT-IR spectroscopy, N2 sorption, HR-TEM, and NH3 temperature programmed desorption-thermal conductivity detector (TPD-TCD) analysis to understand its porosity, chemical environment, bonding, and surface properties. The mesoporous polymer was used as a catalyst for a three comp onent Biginelli condensation between various aldehydes, β-keto esters, and urea/thioureas to give 3,4-dihydropyrimidine-2(1H)-ones. The reactions were carried out under conventional heating as well as solvent-free microwave irradiation of solid components, and in both the cases, the mesoporous polymer MPDVAA-1 p...


(57) Abstract: The present invention, in cosmetic compositions for skin or hair, and for the preparation of dermatological compositions for treatment of skin disease, (R) - having enantiomeric excess lipoic acid, lipoic acid derivatives, and the use of their salts, cosmetic and dermatological compositions, and compositions of the product packed form.


Nitrogen isotope fractionation in the assimilation of inorganic nitrogenous compounds was studied using marine diatoms (Phaeodactylum tricornutum and Chaetoceros sp.). The isotopic composition (δ15N) of the diatoms ranged from 7 to ‐18‰ relative to that of the nitrogen source, i.e., ammonium, nitrite, or nitrate. When the growth was light‐limited, the isotope fractionation in nitrate assimilation was inversely correlated with the growth rate. The highest fractionation factor of 1.016 was obtained when the growth rate was as low as 0.025 day‐1. Fractionation was negligible when the growth, rate was higher than 1 day‐1. A steady‐state kinetic model was applied to explain the isotope fractionation in nitrate assimilation. The nitrogen isotope fractionation primarily takes place at the step of N‐O bond breaking in nitrate reduction to nitrite. The extent of the isotope fractionation associated with the nitrate uptake is very small, and barely exceeds the limit of detection.


We report functionalized thin films based on endgroup and sidechain modification of polymer films prepared using surface-initiated ring-opening metathesis polymerization (SI-ROMP). Poly(norbornene) can be readily end-functionalized by cross-metathesis with various vinyl chain-transfer agents; however, polyacetylene prepared from cyclooctatetraene (pCOT) is inefficiently end-functionalized (ca. 20% of monolayer surface coverage), while a fused norbornene-teraryl monomer was not successfully end-functionalized. While these techniques can be used to tune the wettability of a surface or to coat a surface with a thin film of conjugated polymer, efficient "molecular wire" architectures, where a conjugated, intrinsically conducting polymer connects a surface and a molecular species, have still not been constructed using ROMP. We propose a systematic strategy for doing so using the active ester-bearing monomer NbNHS, and demonstrate this strategy's feasibility by preparing SI-ROMP films of poly-NbNHS up to 45 nm in thickness and demonstrating these films' reactivity with a primary amine. using a HeNe laser at = 632.8 nm at 70 ◦ , and film thicknesses were determined using integrated specific software. Film thickness was obtained by fitting ellipsometric data using manufacturer-provided specialized software. At least three spots on each wafer were measured, and the thickness was averaged. Uncertainties reported are the standard deviation of three measurements. To obtain thickness values of the samples, a simple box model was employed and a refractive index of n = 1.5, k = 0 was used for all polymer layers.


This qualitative study aimed to understand English as Foreign Language (EFL) teachers' knowledge and skills concerning integration of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) into classroom teaching practices at a private university in Vietnam. Technological Pedagogical and Content Knowledge (TPACK) framework was used to guide research design, data collection and data analysis. Findings show that participants vary significantly in terms of knowledge and skills needed by EFL teachers. The study suggests that to support meaningful integration, EFL teachers need to develop three key knowledge types: technology, pedagogy and content, and skills to combine these types of knowledge.


In this study, an analytical formula for multipleinput single-output single frequency network gain (MISOSFNG) is investigated. To formulate the net MISO-SFNG, we derived the average signal to interference plus noise ratio (SINR) where the gain achieved by the distributed MISO diversity as a function of power imbalance is curve-fitted. Further, we analyzed the losses owing to self-interferences resulting from the delay spread and imperfect channel estimation. We verified the accuracy and effectiveness of the derived formula by comparing the measurement results with the analytical results. The derived formula helps to understand how various system factors affect the gain under a given condition. The formula can be used to evaluate the MISO-SFNG and to predict the MISO-SFN coverage in various system configurations.


A field experiment of two years, namely, "3114" was conducted in Liaoning area to study the soil nutrients in soybean fields in Liaoning province. The findings show that the soil fertility in soybean fields in Liaoning province is at an intermediate level; the highest recommended fertilization for the whole province is as follows: N=2.33 kg / 667 m2、P2O5=2.42 kg / 667 m2、K2O=4.04kg / 667 m2; and the highest yield is 181.27 kg / 667 m2. The mathematical relations between the relative yield and the correspondent soil measured nutrients was obtained. The plentiful-lack index system of soybean soil nutrients in Liaoning province was established based on the calculation of correspondent soil nutrient contents when the fractional yield is at 50%、75%、85%和 95% respectively.


Percutaneous left stellate ganglion block (PLSGB) has been recently implemented for the acute treatment of refractory ventricular arrhythmias (VAs). The beneficial effect on supraventricular arrhythmias susceptibility and their ventricular response is well characterized in animal models, less so in humans. Available data suggest a significant prolongation of atrial refractory period, a reduction in inducibility and duration of atrial fibrillation and of all spontaneous intra– and postoperative atrial arrhythmias after thoracic and cardiac surgery. Here we describe a case of PLSGB for focal atrial tachycardia (AT). Case: we present a 68–year–old men with hypertension, obesity, OSAS and previous anterior myocardial infarction in the setting of a trivessel coronary disease, treated with PCI and complicated by apical aneurysm, with a LVEF of 38% and a moderate mitral and aortic regurgitation. He was on chronic antiarrhythmic therapy with bisoprolol 1.25 mg and ranolazine. He presented in the ED due to palpitations, pre–syncopal episodes, and worsening dyspnea. The ECG showed very frequent, self–limiting episodes of AT with a 1:1 atrioventricular (AV) conduction and a variable heart rate (HR) between 100 and 160 bpm, alternating with sinus rhythm at 45–50 bpm, sometimes conducted with aberrancy. Isolated and repetitive premature ventricular beats (PVB, maximum 8 beats) were also documented. Amiodarone, lidocaine, and intravenous unloading therapy were tried, without benefit. Coronary angiography was negative. PLSGB with an ultrasound–guided lateral approach (local bolus of lidocaine 100 mg+ropivacaine 20 mg) was performed, without complications, inducing palpebral ptosis. Over the next 15 hours we observed the disappearance of non–sustained VAs, the reduction of PVBs, and a progressive reduction of AT burden, of mean hourly HR (from 84 to 50 bpm, –40%) and of mean HR during AT (from 158 to 84 bpm, –47%, with AV 1:1 conduction). The patient subsequently underwent ablation of an extra systolic focus found near the ostium of the right inferior pulmonary vein, with no recurrences after 18 months.

 This case highlights the potential efficacy of PLSGB in the acute treatment of supraventricular arrhythmias refractory to medical therapy. Prospective studies will help us to identify the extent, time of onset, and duration of its benefit depending on the type and mechanism of the underlying arrhythmia and the clinical characteristics of the patient.


Do You Recognize these Twenty Types of Terrific People?The Feel--Gooders The You, You, and You Anti--Narcissists The Generous GiversThe Non--JudgersThe Good MouthersThe Self--RespectersThe Class ActsThe Honest AbesThe Lightened--UpsThe CheerleadersThe Completely ConsciousThe Keep--On--GoersThe EmotionatorsThe Win--WinnersThe LoyalistsThe Immediate DoersThe Calculated--Risk TakersThe Non--VictimsThe Life LiversThe EnlistersIf not, you need to learn about Attracting Terrific People


A patch antenna loaded with customized broadside coupled – complementary split ring resonator(BC-CSRR) for radio navigation, fixed satellite and radio location applications is presented in this paper. Miniaturization is a great demand in today's world of wireless communication. Hence, we propose an antenna with compact size of 17x20x1.6 mm3. The proposed antenna is operating in double bands with return loss of -16.6 dB and -17.11 dB at 7.2 GHz and 9.4 GHz. Also, the gain of the antenna is about 2.01 dB and 2.13 dB at 7.2 GHz and 9.4 GHz respectively. The size and dual band characteristics of the proposed antenna makes it more suitable for practical use. The feasibility of such antennas are demonstrated using Ansoft HFSS simulations.


Historians have long portrayed the May Fourth Movement as a seminal period in Chinese history. By the early 1920s, that movement increased in intensity until it reached the overseas Chinese communities in Southeast Asia. In Singapore, newspapers such as the Le Bao (Lat Po) and the Nanyang Shang Bao (Nanyang Siang Pau) became the primary forums for discussing May Fourth ideas.Recently, historians have thoroughly altered accepted interpretation of the May Fourth Movement. Rather than describing it as a radical rupture with China's past, they highlight continuities that transcend the May Fourth era, linking it socially and intellectually with both the late Qing and with the later Republican and Communist eras. Others have suggested that the May Fourth Movement was a "powerful fiction" appropriated by intellectual and political elites for their own gain.This paper looks at Singapore's version of the May Fourth Movement in light of these revisionist interpretations. It demonstrates that May Fourth was indeed a momentous time for Singapore's Chinese residents. At the same time, however, Singapore's intellectuals manipulated May Fourth ideas to enhance their status relative to their rivals. In the process, they confronted their own relationship with their homeland and altered accepted definitions of the nation. For these reasons, Singapore's May Fourth Movement sheds much light on the function of overseas print capitalism in the formation of Chinese nationalism. Furthermore, it suggests that further research is necessary to understand the link between nationalism and overseas newspapers.


The neons, billboards, magazines, newspapers, radios and above all television screens of cities in the Developing World blare with advertising messages almost as universally familiar in their presentation as the brands themselves ~ Marlboro, Ford and Esso; Kotex, Kelloggs, Kleenex and Kraft; Colgate and Coca-Cola of course. They are the superficial signs of basic structural changes being brought about through the investment by t ran sna t io n al corporations (TNCs) in consumer goods production and the servicing of their marketing needs by TNC advertising agencies and locally owned commercial media throughout the 'developing' world.