The urinary metabolites of sodium 4-[alpha-hydroxy-5-(1-imidazolyl)-2-methylbenzyl]-3,5-dimethylbenzoat e (Y-20811) in dog were investigated. The main metabolite was isolated by high performance liquid chromatography and subsequent preparative thin layer chromatography. The structure of this metabolite was established as 4-[alpha-hydroxy-2-hydroxymethyl-5-(1-imidazolyl)benzyl]-3,5- dimethylbenzoic acid on the basis of spectral analyses and confirmed by its total synthesis.


The Republic of Armenia passed a tax law in 1997. The new tax law was modeled along Western lines and was intended to move the country toward a market economy. The law has its good points and its bad points. The author summarizes the new Armenian tax law and analyzes its good and bad points from the perspectives of law, economics and ethics.


This paper presents a novel approach to retrieve images which are taken at different viewpoints, using combined feature descriptors. The content of the image is extracted with two descriptors, Scale Invariant Feature Transform (SIFT) and Deformation and view point Invariant Color Histogram (ICH) in HSV color space. SIFT has been proven to be the most reliable descriptor for rotation, translation and partially to illumination and affine or 3D projection invariant image matching. However, it is designed for gray images. Invariant Histogram is developed for creating color Histogram based on color gradients which are invariant to deformation and changes in viewpoint and is developed in RGB color space. To increase the deformation and viewpoint invariance capability and thus to improve image recognition, SIFT features are combined with ICH in HSV color space for Image Retrieval. Experimental results show that robust retrieval can be achieved even for seriously occluded images.


The main purpose of the present study was to investigate anthropometrical variations among the all India intervarsity, national and state level long distance runners. The study consisted of 227 All India Intervarsity, 131 National and 42 State Long Distance Runnersfrom different levels of competition. The age group ranged from 18 to25 years. Measurements included the foot length of all athletes. For measuring the foot length. The measuring tape were used. It was found that there is a significant difference between the mean foot length of all India intervarsityand nationallevel long distance runners. Whereas there is a no difference exists between all India intervarsity and state level long distance runners and also between national and state level long distance runners.


The aim of this research study is to find out whether the causes of student teachers' speaking problems in English arise from low self-esteem. In the study, Rosenberg's Self-Esteem Scale (RSES) was used as pre-post tests to measure the degree of self-esteem of the student teachers. The pre-test results indicated that most of the student teachers had low self-esteem. The participants were exposed to nine-week classroom treatment in order to increase their global and task self-esteem levels through classroom interaction activities. After the treatment process, RSES was readministered on the participants. Paired sampled t-test results indicated that the superiority of post-test results over the pre-test results with significant differences. Key words: self-esteem, interaction, speaking skill, student teachers, communication


Rosetta is a cornerstone mission of the ESA long term scientific programme Horizon 2000. The mission main goal is a rendezvous with comet 46P/Wirtanen aimed at the detailed study of its nucleus and its environment. On its long cruise to the comet, the spacecraft will also study two asteroids by means of close flybys. Within the Rosetta mission, Officine Galileo is involved in three main programmes: Navigation Camera / Startracker for the Avionics Subsystem, VIRTIS (Visible & Infra-Red Thermal Imaging Spectrometer) and GIADA (Grain Impact And Dust Accumulator) for the Payload. All of the above equipment are provided with "Cover Mechanisms" to be deployed in various phases of the navigation. Due to the peculiar features of the mission, covers have a great importance for the good performance of the optical instruments and their protection from contamination by the comet ejected materials (dust, ice or water vapour condensating into ice, organic compounds etc.). The present paper describes the main features of the cover mechanisms and presents some conclusions about the attempt to have a "design commonality" among these parallel developments.


By exploiting spatial characteristics of MIMO wireless channel, the time synchronization algorithm based on single symbol for MIMO-OFDM systems is presented. This algorithm is able to overcome the deep fading of received signal due to multipath in wireless environments. The mathematical expression of error probability of timing synchronization is derived. The simulation results are given in wireless multipath channel and verify the performance improvement.


Abstract This review discusses new methods for detecting BSE and other TSE prions. A number of different analytical techniques have been applied in the past few years. New immunoassays (as well as new antibodies), an improved Western blot, CE-based methods, and a Raman-based method are some of the analytical techniques reviewed. In addition, methods to increase the concentration of prions and some cautionary notes are presented in this review.


Objective To explore perioperative nursing methods for patients with mediumterm ruptured intracranial aneurysm by endovascular treatment.Methods 78 patients with ruptured aneurysm were conducted with careful preoperative and postoperative nursing,especially for the patients with Hunt-Hess gradeⅢand poorer.All the patients were carefully observed on intracranial rehaemorrhagia,and prevention and nursing for delayed ischemic neurological dysfunction(DIND) and postoperative complications were enhanced as well.Results 6 patients died due to the postoperative complications,and the fatality rate was 7.6%;range of follow-up was 3 to 96 months.Among the 8 patients with DIDN,5 patients were able to take care of themselves 6 months after operation,and the other 3 patients had permanent hemiparalysis.No aneurysm was ruptured again after embolization.Conclusion Effective perioperative nursing is very important for rehabilitation of disease and improvement of prognosis in the patients with ruptured aneurysm.


The circadian regulatory network is one of the main topics of plant investigations. The intracellular interactions among genes in response to the environmental stimuli of light are related to the foundation of functional genomics in plant. However, the sensitivity analysis of the circadian system has not analyzed by perturbed stochastic dynamic model via microarray data in plant. In this study, the circadian network is constructed for Arabidopsis thaliana using a stochastic dynamic model with sigmoid interaction, activation delay, and regulation of input light taken into consideration. The describing function method in nonlinear control theory about nonlinear limit cycle (oscillation) is employed to interpret the oscillations of the circadian regulatory networks from the viewpoint that nonlinear network will continue to oscillate if its feedback loop gain is equal to 1 to support the oscillation of circadian network. Based on the dynamic model via microarray data, the system sensitivity analysis is performed to assess the robustness of circadian regulatory network via biological perturbations. We found that the circadian network is more sensitive to the perturbation of the trans-expression threshold, is more sensitive to the activation level of steady state, rather than the trans-sensitivity rate.


Presents a model for the single point statistics of the complex field of an acoustic signal in a random ocean. The model meets criteria established from past research and predicts new statistics, such as the probability density function of phase, and joint probability density functions for the quadrature components.<<ETX>>


We apply the Hadamard equivalence to all the binary matrices of the size m × n and study various properties of this equivalence relation and its classes. We propose to use HR-minimal as a representative of each equivalence class, and count and/or estimate the number of HRminimals of size m×n. Some properties and constructions of HR-minimals are investigated. Especially, we figure that the weight on an HR-minimal's second row plays an important role, and introduce the concept of QuasiHadamard matrices (QH matrices). We show that the row vectors of m × n QH matrices form a set of m binary vectors of length n whose maximum pairwise absolute correlation is minimized over all such sets. Some properties, existence, and constructions of Quasi-orthogonal sequences are also discussed. We also give a relation of these with cyclic difference sets. We report lots of exhaustive search results and open problems, one of which is equivalent to the Hadamard conjecture. key words: Hadamard equivalence, orthogonality, Quasi-orthogonal signal, Quasi-Hadamard matrix


Similar to the classical Markowitz approach it is possible to apply a mean-variance criterion to a multiperiod setting to obtain efficient portfolios. To represent the stochastic dynamic characteristics necessary for modelling returns a process of asset returns is discretized with respect to time and space and summarized in a scenario tree. The resulting optimization problem is solved by means of stochastic multistage programming. The optimal solutions show equivalent structural properties as the classical approach, however, by taking rebalancing activities into consideration a different efficient frontier is obtained.


We examine in this paper the role that oscillatory interactions between the jet stream and Northern Hemisphere (NH) mountain ranges play in the low-frequency variability (LFV) of the mid-latitude atmosphere. The basic observational evidence for intraseasonal oscillations in the NH extratropics is reviewed, along with the results of a hierarchy of models—from the simplest to full GCMs—that explain these observations as arising from an oscillatory topographic instability. We next report on recent reanalysis results that allow one to explicitly connect large-scale flow-pattern changes with oscillatory changes in atmospheric angular momentum, which appear to be driven by mountain-torque changes. An intermediate model with fairly realistic climatology and LFV is used to establish a relationship between these oscillatory circulation changes and the model's Markov chain of multiple flow regimes. We return to the reanalysis results to show that certain phases of the regional mountain-torque oscillations are fair predictors of flow-pattern changes up to 15 days in advance. Open questions are emphasized at the end.


Mobile Cloud Computing (MCC) is exploring vast in IT due to anywhere anytime data access. Mobile devices are enabled with rich user experience especially, Smartphones. Apple, Google, Facebook and Amazon are the top four horsemen in the mobile world. That is why the mobile cloud computing technology is growing rapidly among the users and at the same time it introduces the new security threats also. In MCC, a lot of investigations are being carried out to eradicate the issues to make IT more reliable and secure because more precious data are stored in the cloud environment. As the Internet-enabled mobile devices including smartphones and tablets continue to grow, web-based malicious threats will continue to increase in number to make more complex. Securing data is more critical in the Mobile Cloud Environment. In MCC, Security is the major issue. In this paper, the working concepts of MCC and its various security issues and solutions given by researchers are analyzed. Keywords— Data Security Plan, Mobile Cloud Computing (MCC), Security.


After 12 years of service, deterioration and other problems have emerged on the two types of ballastless track used on the Berlin Stadtbahn that require repairs and modifications. This article details the problems that have occurred, as well as lessons for the future, with the hope that the benefits of ballastless trackforms over conventional ballasted track continue to be utilized.


Paget's disease of bone (PDB) is a chronic localized skeletal disease that belongs to a group of metabolic osteopathies and is characterized by impaired bone remodeling to form foci of increased bone resorption followed by replacement with an excessive amount of defective, less durable bone that is prone to deformities and pathologic fractures. The course of PDB shows three stages: rarefaction, compaction, and coarse-trabecular remodeling – each of which is characterized by certain clinical, biochemical, and radiological manifestations. The majority of the clinical manifestations of the disease are associated with skeletal injury. The disease is characterized by the appearance of bone and joint pain in case of secondary osteoarthritis, bone deformities, pathological fractures, hearing loss due to damage to the skull bones, etc. In many patients, the disease is asymptomatic and detected incidentally after finding a high serum alkaline phosphatase activity or during bone X-ray for any pathological processes, but it can be diagnosed fairly late in the development of complications, as shown in the clinical examples. A combination of clinical, biochemical, morphological data and radiological findings allows for a diagnosis. The use of bisphosphonates is the method of choice for the treatment of PDB.


Neoclassical economic theory and its supply-side account of the drivers of economic growth has been influential amongst Australian economic policymakers and advisors. In the post-Keynesian tradition, we argue instead that aggregate demand drives economic growth, even in the medium term. In particular, the investment and innovation that depends upon that investment are mainly determined by the investment response to consumer demand. Currently, weak wages growth in Australia is weakening that consumer demand. The paper examines the causes of weak wages growth and offers solutions.


 Abstract—In the Saudi Arabia secondary school context, ICT integration is simultaneously the product of a mandate to ICT adoption and the ultimate goal of the education reform. This study utilizes an implementation, Concerns-Based Adoption Model, evaluation, and grounded theory approach together with a thematic analysis to explore the ways of making ICT integration in Saudi schools strategic by identifying stages of concern and levels of use, determining technical, political, and cultural implementation factors, and studying the ways of balancing technology with Islamic values in three specific subject domains (mathematics, science, and Arabic).The findings indicate that mandatory uses of ICT integration impede the transition from ICT adoption to ICT implementation within the overall education reform.


Multi-disciplinary therapy (MDT) based on the surgery is the fundamental treatment strategy for advanced gastric cancer. At present, the two main treatment modes are surgical-based adjuvant chemotherapy and neoadjuvant chemotherapy. In recent years, many clinical researches have shown that neoadjuvant chemotherapy can reach the descending stage and increase the R0 resection rate and reduce the local recurrence rate for patients with large tumors and deeper infiltration in Ⅲ stage and above. However, there is no consensus on the choice of neoadjuvant chemotherapy and the best course of treatment. In terms of safety, efficacy and evaluation mode, a complete consensus has not been reached; besides, the prediction of the efficacy of neoadjuvant therapy is not clear. This paper reviews the progress of neoadjuvant chemotherapy for gastric cancer.

Key words:
Stomach neoplasms; Surgical procedures, operative; Neoadjuvant therapy


Actions to reduce carbon emissions often entail co-benefits for environmental protection, like air pollutants reduction. Previous studies made contributions to estimate these co-benefits, but few considered the feedbacks from the socioeconomic system and the natural system. This paper extends the Dynamic Integrated model of Climate and the Economy (DICE) model, a classical Integrated Assessment model (IAM), into the Dynamic Integrated model of Climate, Air pollution and the Economy (DICAE) model. Through the hard link between a new air pollution module and the other modules in the original DICE, this paper quantifies the co-benefits of mitigating CO 2 emissions for NO X emission reduction, and compares the predicted climate change, economic output and social utility under seven mixed policy scenarios. In addition, uncertainty analysis based on Monte Carlo simulation is carried out to verify the robustness of the DICAE model. The results indicate that the NO X emissions co-emitted with CO 2 emissions would be over 0.6 Gt/year in a no-policy scenario. In policy scenarios, mitigating CO 2 emissions can simultaneously reduce at least 15% of the NO X emissions, and the more severe the climate mitigation target is, the more obvious co-benefits for NO X emission reduction. Although these co-benefits can offset some mitigation costs, it will not be cost-effective when NO X emission reduction is achieved completely depending on ambitious carbon mitigation, so the end-of-pipe technology for NO X emission is also indispensable. For policymakers, they should recognize the co-benefits of climate policies, actively taking mitigation actions. Moreover, they are encouraged to combine CO 2 mitigation with NO X emission reduction and coordinate their policy intensities to make wise use of the co-benefits.


In the hilling area of Keshiketeng County,the natural environment has deteriorated due to long-term tilling and crop production.In order to recover and rebuild the ecosystem large scale ecosystem construction projects have been implemented under the leadership and instruction of the local governmennt.Summarizing the achievement in comprehensively treatment to the deteriorated ecosystem and the improvement to the environment in a small basin,the authors made an analysis on the economical situation.The conclusion of the paper could be a scientific reference for future basin treatment practices.Based on the example of Dadonggou small basin in Keshiketeng County and adopted the Cobb-Douglas Equation,the author took the irrigated land area per person,the coverage of trees and grasses and the treatment ratio to the soil and water erosion as the three affecting factors,made an analysis on the productive elasticity and the value of marginal change.It has been concluded that the elasticity coefficient of the three affecting factors are all positive and among of them the irrigated land area affected the most.This shows that the three affecting factors are all very important for agrocultural production,the irrigated land area is the first importance.After the erosion in the Dadonggou small basin has been controlled,the vegetation,crop production and people's income are all have been increased.


A group of experts met during the annual meeting of the American College of Sports Medicine in Dallas to discuss a case.


Objective:To summarize the impact of obstetric treatment of different diseases on 245 children of pregnancy-induced hypertension.Methods:245 cases of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy vaginal delivery and cesarean section pregnancy outcomes were analyzed retrospectively.Results:245 cases of cesarean section rate of gestational hypertension,preterm labor,twin pregnancy,postpartum hemorrhage,neonatal asphyxia were significantly higher,there were significant differences compared with those of the control group(P0.01),there was no significant difference in the perinatal mortality of two groups(P0.05).Conclusion:Hypertensive disorders in pregnancy for mother and children has great harm,should be timely termination of pregnancy,35 weeks of pregnancy before and after delivery has a different outcome of pregnancy,cesarean section is preferred to termination of pregnancy.


(57) In the Abstract] one embodiment, the present invention relates to a process for producing a catalyst film comprising the steps of: anode, cathode and film-forming compounds and nitrate ion source in an electrochemical cell consisting of a solution containing process applying a current, thereby forming a catalyst film. In another embodiment, the present invention relates to a process for preparing a hydroxylammonium salt comprising the steps of: anode, cathode, and a partition plate disposed between the anode and the cathode, the cathode and the partition plate first solution in the catholyte containing a nitrogen-containing compound and mediators; providing an electrochemical cell comprising a partition plate defining a anolyte compartment between the catholyte compartment and the anode and the partition plate between the compartments, and the step of filling the anolyte compartment with a second solution containing an ionic compound; by applying a current to the electrochemical cell, the process generates a hydroxylammonium salt in the catholyte compartment during; and recovering hydroxylammonium salt from the catholyte compartment.


BACKGROUND: Gastrointestinal functional disorders especially constipation cause morbidity in otherwise healthy children with an estimated prevalence of 1% to 30%. It is perceived as a benign, easily treatable condition however left untreated, can lead to complications (Faecal impaction, incontinence and bowel perforations). Only a small proportion of patients seek medical advice; thus, the exact prevalence of the disorder is difficult to estimate. AIMS: To estimate the prevalence of chronic functional constipation in children aged 4-14 years and the degree of psychosocial impact on children and their parents. SETTINGS AND DESIGN: This cross-sectional study was carried out at K.R and Cheluvamba Hospital, MMC &RI, MYSORE from 1st FEB 2014 to 31ST MAY, 2014. METHODS AND MATERIAL: Constipation was defined using Rome III criteria. Children with organic causes of chronic constipation were excluded. Abdominal pain, fecal mass, anorexia, fecal soiling, withholding behavior were recorded. Psychosocial impact on children and parents was assessed using Paediatric Quality Of Life Inventory (PQLI) and modified PIP Questionnaires. Scoring done according to instructions given with respective questionnaires. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: Prevalence was calculated using rates, ratios and percentages. Tests of significance were performed wherever relevant. P value of less than 0.05 was considered significant. RESULTS: The prevalence of functional constipation was estimated to be 14.29% with higher prevalence in females as compared to males i.e. 16.19% vs. 13.42%. Perineal soiling was significantly associated with functional constipation i.e. 58.33%. Mean score of all children was 75.4 and 70.6 for physical and psychosocial impact. 88% children reported PQLI score <80(Mean 69.4). No difference between male and female child (p=.614). 83.33% parents reported score <80(Mean 69.3). No significant difference on psychosocial impact and quality of life according to PQLI parent report (p=1). CONCLUSIONS: High prevalence of functional constipation was observed amongst the younger female children. Children with chronic constipation have a lower quality of life. This study proves that functional constipation, its associated factors and complications are frustrating to the child and their parents.


The purpose of this study is to investigate the factors affecting sport tourism marketing mix. The research method was descriptive – correlation and the statistical sample consisted of 265 sport tourists attended at Azadi stadium in Tehran for watching a football game between Esteghlal and Persepolis that were selected through clustering technique. The research instrument was a questionnaire developed by Shonk (2006). The face and content validity was approved by sport management experts and the reliability was verified by Cronbach's alpha (α=0/89). The SPSS16 was used for description of variables, and LISREL software was used for conducting Confirmatory Factor Analysis. The result showed that "product" had the most effect on sport tourism marketing mix. "Physical evidences" was the next important variable influencing sport tourism marketing mix. Moreover, "promotion", "people", "process", "price", and "place" had significant effects on sport tourism marketing mix. According to the results it can be concluded that according to sport tourists' view point, "product" and "physical evidences" had more importance. Product includes quality of sport contests and its' related components, and physical evidence refers to the quality of sport stadium and its' related factors. Also, other variables such as promotion, people, process, price and place had significant effect on the sport tourism marketing mix that should be taken in granted in sport tourism management context.


Zhang L, Teng Y, Zhang Y, Liu J, Xu L, Qu J, Hou K, Yang X, Liu Y, Qu X. c‐Src expression is predictive of poor prognosis in breast cancer patients with bone metastasis but not in patients with visceral metastasis. APMIS 2012; 120: 549–57.


T HE objectives of our study were to investigate Hemomycoplasmosis in camels of Basrah, Iraq using blood smears stained with Giemsa and the final diagnosis was confirmed with PCR. The study was conducted to examine 100 local camel breeds (8 months – to 5 years old) of both sexes. Results indicated that diseased camels showed different clinical manifestations. The phylogenetic tree genetic relationship analysis showed that the local Mycoplasma hemolamae isolates showed closed genetics related to NCBI BLAST Mycoplasma hemolamae UK isolate (JF495171.1). Results also indicated macrocytic hypochromic anemia with a significant increase in ESR. Leucocytosis with lymphocytosis was also indicated with a significant difference in clotting factor indices, Furthermore, a significant rise in ALT, AST, Total bilirubin, Blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and Icteric indies in addition to low protein values as well as a substantial difference in acute phase response in diseased camels than in controls was registered. paleness of internal organs, splenomegaly, and enlargement of kidneys with hepatomegaly was detected on post-mortem changes, However, severe white pulp atrophy, as well as a hemosiderin-laden macrophage in the spleen beside degenerated renal tubuleepithelial cells and atrophy of glomeruli with a dilated central vein and pericentral vein in the kidney, infiltration of inflammatory cells which could refer to an area of necrosis in the central hepatic regionin the liver was also indicated in the histopathological examinations. It has been concluded that Hemomycoplasmosis was still circulating in the Iraq environment; there fore, strictly applying the control measures is advised.


After the first newspaper was established in Strasbourg in 1605, printers across the Holy Roman Empire, pursuing financial profit, were quick to jump on the bandwagon of the new medium.1 It was not uncommon for several printers in one city simultaneously to set up a newspaper of their own; a situation that often led to assiduous legal battles between printers, local authorities and occasionally even the Habsburg administration in Vienna. Sometimes, such legal battles led to a ban. In Frankfurt, for example, the Imperial postmaster-turned-newspaper publisher Johann von den Birghden successfully demanded a ban of the Diarium Hebdomadale, a periodical started by Thomas Schönwetter in 1620 that threatened von den Birghden's local monopoly in Frankfurt.2 Though many such disputes were waged, however, remarkably few led to similar results, ending the existence of a title. By and large, throughout the empire, authorities were surprisingly tolerant toward sensational, biased or downright wrong reporting, and cases that led to the ban of a title, such as von den Birghden vs Schönwetter, were remarkably rare. Preventive censorship, the most effective measure to prevent the distribution of unwelcome information, was only practiced in Stuttgart, where John Frederick, Duke of Württemberg employed his royal librarian and archivist Johann Jakob Gabelkover as corrector of the newspaper.3 Elsewhere, political elites did little more than protest after a message had already been distributed. Yet such cases, too are sparse. In general, authorities in the Holy Roman Empire appeared not to meddle in the business of newspapers unless they were prompted to by outside forces, such as foreign powers or rivalling


Our Research Report for 2000-2002 reflects an outstanding level of achievement throughout the institution and demonstrates once again our high level of commitment to strategic and applied research particularly in areas that enhance the quality of life.


This paper presents a design of 500MHz wideband RF front-end for P-band radar based on 0.18 m RF process. The front-end works at the center frequency of 500MHz with 200MHz bandwidth, which transforms single-end signal to differential signal, amplifies it and mixes it with local oscillator signal, outputting an IF signal of 105MHz. It adopts noise-canceling to lower the noise figure. It adopts a common-gate input mode to achieve good input match. The post-simulation results indicate that under a 3.3 V power supply, the S11 is less than -20dB in the work frequency band, the conversion voltage gain is 13.5dB. A NF of 8.6 dB and input 1dB compression point of -8.5dBm are achieved with a total current consumption of 11mA.


The present situation and the future trend of the development of the contemporary society are the major causes of the rise and development of the study of public theory. The present globalization embodies the implications and necessity of the public theory. As a natural quality of universal existence, public theory refers to the universal connection and mutual dependence among different existing people in this existing world. It is the co-existence of multi-existence and single existence. It is the existence of their common values. The thought of developing from the world to real world and then to the Communist world is the best footnote to the rise and significance of the public theory.


Objective: To evaluate whether compound capsules of glibenclamide/metformin hydrochloride (test) is bioequivalent to glibenclamide tablets (5mg) and metformin tablets (1000mg)combination (reference). Methods: Twenty healthy volunteers were randomly received with either a single crossover oral dose of test and reference capsules. The blood samples were collected from the volunteers at certain timepoints to measure the plasma drug concentration by HPLC-UV and HPLC-MS, respectively. The pharmacokinetic parameters and relative bioavailability were evaluated. Results: The pharmaeokinetics parameters of test and reference tablets for metformin were shown as AUC_(0-12)(16.25±3.50) vs (16.79±3.99)mg·h·L~(-1), C_(max)(3.35±0.71) vs (3.47±0.77)mg·L~(-1), T_(max)(1.9±0.3) vs (1.9±0.4) h, t_(1/2)ke (2.81±0.31) vs (2.79±0.33) h, and for glibenclamide AUC_(0-15) (1. 236±0. 523) vs (1. 170±0. 522)mg·h·L~(-1), C_(max)(0.258±0.075) vs (0.264±0.073)mg·L~(-1), T_(max) (2.5±0.4) vs (2.4±0.4) h, t_(1/2) ke (3.93±1.61) vs (3.36±0.62) h. No significant difference of the pharmacokinetic parameters between test and reference capsules was found. Conclusion: The compound capsules of glibenclamide/metformin hydroehloride are bioequivalent to glibenclamide/metformin hydrochloride tablets combination.


One GOD(Glucose oxidase,1818bp) gene was cloned from Aspergillus niger and then overlapped extension to obtain 5' homologous arm GLA(saccharifying enzyme) and 3' homologous arm GLA of expressional box of the gene.The whole gene was inserted into expressional vector pSZH to form the homologous recombination expressional vector pSZH-GOD of Aspergillus Niger.Using freeze thawing method pSZH-GOD expressional vector was transformed into Agrobacterium AGLI which transformed into Aspergillus niger which could expressed highly saccharifying enzyme.8 positive transgenic strains were detected by hygromycin selection and PCR.The enzyme activity of eight positive transgenic strains were tested,the result showed that GOD gene was highly expressed in transforming strains whose exocellular enzyme activity were up to 1.166U/mL after 6d static cultivation,while enzyme activity of GOD gene was not detected in non-transformed strains.Meanwhile,endocellular enzyme activity of GOD gene was up to 11.45U/mL which was 266 times that of the starting strains.The result of this study provided a new approach to simplify the GOD fermentational technology to improve the enzyme production.


Bayesian sequential sampling plans are investigated numerically, for testing the mean of a normal distribution ('high' values are acceptable, but 'low' values are not). The variance is known, the prior of the mean is normal, and a linear loss function is used. Various properties of these plans are presented here and compared with results for single and double sampling plans. Robustness of these plans with respect to errors in some of the parameters are investigated as well as methods for reducing the computation for the sequential plans.


The Program on the Ethical Dimensions of Climate Change was launched at the 10th Conference of Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change that was held in early December of 2004 in Buenos Aires, Argentina. The major outcome of this meeting was the Buenos Aires Declaration on the Ethical Dimensions of Climate Change.


Sports games are important social activities.With the increase of social concern and participation in sports,and the rapid development of computer information technology,the application of information technology in large-scale sports games has become a necessity.In this paper,the status and the major problems of information technology applications in the sports games are analyzed and countermeasures are proposed.


By analyzing the earthquake disaster relief management in China,it is found that existing works emphasize on the reference to the disaster relief management experience in the developed countries and districts,attach great importance to the national disaster reduction policy,law and system construction.In the disaster relief management,the multiple main bodies of disaster relief management and social organizations reach a consensus.The advantages of social work in disaster relief management are highlighted and disaster social work practice experiences are well summarized.In the future,earthquake disaster relief management should be pay more attention to education,strengthen the international cooperation and global governance mitigation of earthquake disasters,promotes the work of social organizations in disaster relief.


A reminder of the overlap of type 1 diabetes (T1D) with features of T2D is the current report of a 25% prevalence of metabolic syndrome among persons with T1D. Perhaps in part related to the high prevalence of insulin resistance in T1D and its association with rapid heart rate, the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial/Epidemiology of Diabetes Interventions and Complications follow-up analysis showed a significant association between heart rate and cardiovascular disease (CVD); also of note in this study is the lower heart rate among those initially randomized to intensive glycemic control, suggesting that heart rate also reflect autonomic neuropathy as a complication of hyperglycemia. A non-insulin liver-selective glucokinase activator was reported as benefiting T1D, with TTP399 found in a small study to show modest benefit in reducing glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels, along with an improvement in continuous glucose monitoring (CGM)-measured "time in range" during daytime hours, both of intrinsic importance and showing the potential of CGM as an alternative to HbA1c in ascertainment of glycemic benefit of new pharmacologic approaches. Turning to T2D, a multicountry data analysis including approximately 22 million diabetes diagnoses from 5 billion person-years of follow-up over the past two and a half decades showed that the incidence of T2D had increased from 1995 to around 2010, but over the subsequent decade declined in highand middle-income countries. Although this is reassuring, given the relationship of diabetes to obesity, we may see growth of T2D anew over coming years. In an analysis based on the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA), the population fraction of diabetes in the US attributable to obesity increased over the one and a half decades ending 2016 from 35% to 41%, particularly among women. A 30-year follow-up report of the Da Qing study of prediabetes showed that participants regressing to normal glucose tolerance had lesser likelihood of development of CVD and microvascular disease than those who progressed to diabetes. The adverse effect of development of diabetes over the past three decades in the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) is shown in a report of nearly 1500 persons who had developed diabetes within 2 years; although the prevalence of clinical albuminuria decreased from 39% to 19% from 1988 to 2018, there was little change in the prevalence of low glomerular filtration rate, retinopathy, or CVD. Even more strikingly, a 40-year follow-up of nearly 3000 persons having glucose tolerance testing around 1980 showed that those with prediabetes and diabetes at baseline had 4.3 and 7.9 years of potential life lost (YPLL), respectively, compared with those with normoglycemia, with women having greater YPLL. Given the particular importance of CVD in diabetes, a meta-analysis of differences between outcomes among trial participants from Asian vs White populations in CV benefits of sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) and glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA) found significantly greater reduction in CV death or hospitalization for heart failure among Asians with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction with SGLT2i, and significantly greater reduction in major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) among Asians with diabetes and underlying CVD. Inasmuch as half or more of the global population with diabetes is Asian, greater availability of these agents must be considered a global priority. A "real-world" propensity score-matched cohort analysis of addition of either an SGLT2i or sulfonylurea to GLP-1RA showed 24% reduction in CV endpoints and 32% reduction in all-cause mortality with the former, leading a commentator to opine, "All practitioners involved in the care of people living with T2D need to heed these data as a call to action." Importantly, the oft-made suggestion that such treatment is particularly important among younger persons appears incorrect based on meta-analyses of MACE outcomes among persons less than vs greater than or equal to age 75 treated with GLP-1RA, and heart failure hospitalization outcomes among persons less than vs greater than or equal to age 65 treated with SGLT2i; it appears that the older group has greater benefit.


Objective: In silico studies were conducted on newly proposed Indazole derivatives as GSK-3β inhibitors to select the best possible drug candidates based on drug properties and bioactivity score of the compounds. Methods : 31 Indazole derivatives and active GSK-3β Indazole inhibitor 3-(5-chloro-1-methyl-indol-3-yl)-4-[1-[3-(triazol-1-yl)propyl]indazol-3-yl]pyrrole-2,5-dione(IC 50 of 0.003 μM) were subjected to predict the mutagenic, tumorigenic, irritant, reproductive risks, and drug-relevant properties using OSIRIS Property Explorer. Further bioactivity scores were determined using Molinspiration online tools. Results: The results of new GSK-3β inhibitors were compared with potent GSK-3β Indazole inhibitor to examine the prospective of the optimized compounds. The best possible drug candidates were reported after comprehensive analysis on predicted cLogP, solubility, molecular weight, topological molecular polar surface area (TPSA), drug- likeness, drug score properties and bioactivity score for different human targets like GPCR, ion channel, kinase, nuclear receptor, protease and enzymes. Conclusion: Five compounds 282, 141, 161, 108 and 456 were reported as the best drug like candidates for GSK-3β regulation.


Novel imidazoline derivatives of formula (I) in which A = O or S; R1 and R2 which are the same or different are H, provided that one of the two groups is different from H, alkyl or haloalkyl(C1-C6), vinyl or allyl, alkoxyalkyl, alkylthioalkyl, alkylsulfonylalkyl; R3 is alkyl(C1-C6), cycloalkyl(C3-C6), alkoxyalkyl, alkylthioalkyl, alkenyl or alkynyl, (C2-C6), dialkylaminoalkyl, a N,N group, arylalkyl, optionally substituted by 1-3 R7; R4 is a hydrogen atom, R5 is a phenyl optionally substituted by 1-3 halogen atoms or alkyl or alkyoxy radicals with 1-3 carbon atoms; R6 is an alkylsulfonyl or a phenylsulfonyl, alkyl(C1-C20)carbonyl, phenylcarbonyl, vinylcarbonyl, alkyloxycarbonyl, phenyloxycarbonyl, alkyloxyalkylcarbonyl. The derivates of the invention are useful as agricultural fungicides.


The photograph's relationship to history and memory has been extensively theorized, but little empirical research has been undertaken to understand how these ideas intersect with the experience of photographs as historical forms in everyday life. This article explores the complexity of photographs' temporality and evaluates their memorial status through the prism of a distinctive body of material: the 55,000 amateur photographs taken on a single day in 1987 donated to a fundraising event entitled One Day for Life. Notions of history inflect the project from its original conception to its preservation. On the basis of the extensive archival materials, the published edits of the photographs and questionnaires and interviews with One Day for Life participants, organizers, judges, publishers and archivists, the article argues that the predominant tendency to treat photographs merely as historical sources or as memory aids overlooks their productive potential as historical performances in their own right.


In this article, we investigate Bertrand curves corresponding to the spherical images of the tangent, binormal, principal normal and Darboux indicatrices of a space curve in Euclidean 3-space. As a result, in case of a space curve is a general helix, we show that the curves corresponding to the spherical images of its the tangent indicatrix and binormal indicatrix are both Bertrand curves and circular helices. Similarly, in case of a space curve is a slant helix, we demonstrate that the curve corresponding to the spherical image of its the principal normal indicatrix is both a Bertrand curve and a circular helix.


A 65-year-old woman with Sjögren's syndrome presented with recurrent abdominal distension, constipation, weight loss, orthostatic dizziness, loss of sweating and incomplete emptying of the bladder. Gastrointestinal dilatation but no evidence of malignancy or obstruction was found on CT of the abdomen, oesophagogastroduodenoscopy or colonoscopy. Postvoiding residual urine volume was increased. Antiganglionic acetylcholine receptor antibody was positive. We diagnosed as autoimmune autonomic ganglionopathy. The patient responded to corticosteroid treatment. One year after treatment, she continued to have mild gastrointestinal symptoms, but overall condition was stable without further intervention.


We built a multi-stage dynamic game model to analyze how to effectively regulate opportunistic behaviors in the sharing economy. We elaborate this under three different scenarios: sellers under (1)...


In marine wetlands, nitrogen fixation is a potentially important nutrient source for nitrogen-limited primary producers, but interactions between nitrogen fixers and different vascular plant species are not fully understood. Nitrogen fixation activity was compared in sediments vegetated by three plant species, Spartina foliosa, Salicornia virginica, and Salicornia bigelovii in the Kendall Frost Reserve salt marsh in Mission Bay (CA). This study addressed the effects of plant type, day and night conditions, and sediment depths on nitrogen fixation. Higher rates of nitrogen fixation were associated with S. foliosa than with either of the two Salicornia spp., which are known to compete more effectively than Spartina for exogenous nitrogen in the salt marsh environment. Rates of nitrogen fixation, determined by acetylene reduction, in sediments vegetated by S. virginica were low during the day (7.7 ± 1.2 μmol C2H4 m−2 h−1) but averaged 13 ± 6.6 μmol C2H4 m−2 h−1 at night, with particularly high rates in samples from locations with visible cyanobacterial mats. The opposite diel pattern was found for sediments containing S. foliosa plants, in which average daytime and nighttime rates of nitrogen fixation were 62 ± 23 and 21 ± 15 μmol C2H4 m−2 h−1, respectively. For S. foliosa, nitrogenase activity of rinsed roots and different sediment sections (0–1, or 4–5 cm depths) were measured. Although nitrogen fixation rates in vegetated sediment samples were substantial, all but one of rinsed S. foliosa root samples (n = 12) and subsurface sediments at 4–5 cm depths failed to show nitrogen fixation activity after 2 h, suggesting that the most active nitrogen fixers in these systems likely reside in surface sediments. Further, nitrogenase activity in shaded and unshaded S. foliosa samples did not differ, suggesting that nitrogen fixers may not rapidly respond to changes in plant photosynthetic activity. Average nitrogen fixation rates in S. foliosa-vegetated samples from the Mission Bay salt marsh were on the same order as those of highly productive Atlantic coast marshes, and this microbially-mediated nitrogen source may be similarly substantial in other Mediterranean wetlands. Sediment abiotic variables seem to exert greater control upon nitrogen fixation activity than the effects of particular plant species. Nonetheless, dominant plant species may differ substantially in their reliance on nitrogen fixation as a nutrient source, with potentially important consequences for wetland conservation and restoration.


This study aims to find out the optimum extraction time varied from 5 min to 60 min for extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) from sewage sludge pretreated at 80 °C. The change of the contents of EPS and its components under different time limit were recorded and compared. The results showed: the contents of soluble protein, TOC, soluble sugar and DNA was increased by 579.17 mg/l, 514.25 mg/l, 132.79 mg/l, and 34.69 mg/l, respectively, with the increase of thermal pre-treatment time during the process, and the DNA content increased the least, which indicating that the effect of thermal pre-treatment at 80 °C on cell lysis of sewage sludge was small. The EPS content, as a whole, was increased with the increase of thermal pre-treatment time. By analyzing the experimental data with the Analytic Hierarchy Process Model, which was used to identify the optimum thermal pre-treatment time of extracting EPS, the results showed that the effectiveness of EPS extraction from sludges was 30 min>60 min>50 min>20 min>40 min>10 min>5 min. Therefore, the 30 min was choosed as the optimum thermal pre-treatment time.


Objective To learn the status of psychohealth in male nursing students so as to provide reference for developing good psychological quality in male nurses.Methods 35 male nursing students,256 female nursing students and 250 male students of other majors were investigated with SCL-90 symptom self-rating scale.Results Except the fear subscale, there were significant differences in SCL-90 average subscale and total scale of psychohealth and positive items between the male nursing students and the female nursing students and non-nursing students(P0.05 or P0.001).Conclusion The psychohealth of male nursing students is poor.Psychohealth and ideological education should be strengthened in male nursing students.Those with psychological problems should be actively intervened, promoting them to participate in various positive activities and helping them recognize their own value so as to improve their psychohealth and ability of adaptation to society, work and life in the future.


Total 12 finite element models are built for piers of rectangular and elliptical sections in water with infinite boundary condition or with elastic boundaries and longitudinal size 3 m, 5 m, 7.5 m, 10 m and 15 m respectively. Responses of the models are calculated by numerical water - pier interaction coupling procedure. The result hydrodynamic pressures of nodes on the central line of the pier upstream faces at 8 depths show that the pressures on models with elastic boundaries are getting close to that with infinite boundary as the longitudinal size increasing, and the 15 m length is long enough for tank in shaking table test to prevent the disturbance of boundary wave on the maximum absolute value of hydrodynamic pressure.


Data prediction in wireless sensor networks replaces the commonly used (periodic) data reporting with a model, updated (infrequently) at the sink to accurately reproduce real data trends. This technique abates up to 99% of application messages; yet, recent work has shown it achieves "only" up to a 7x lifetime improvement when executed atop a mainstream network stack (e.g., CTP + BoX-MAC), as the idle listening and topology maintenance in the latter are ill-suited to the sparse traffic induced by data prediction. This paper presents a novel network stack designed for data prediction, CRYSTAL, that exploits synchronous transmissions to quickly and reliably transmit model updates when these occur (infrequently but often concurrently), and minimizes overhead during the (frequent) periods with no updates. Based on 90-node experiments in the Indriya testbed and with 7 public datasets, we show that CRYSTAL unleashes the full potential of data prediction, achieving per-mille duty cycle with perfect reliability and very small latency.


The utility model discloses a bathing apparatus, comprising an upper wall base, a lower wall base and a vertical rod sheathed with a fixing base of a shower head. Wherein, the inner cavity of the upper wall base and the inner cavity of the vertical rod are communicated as a pipeline, the inner cavity of the upper wall base is directly communicated with a predetermined water outlet interface arranged on the wall, and the lower end of the vertical rod is connected with a hose provided with the shower head. The lifting rod device of the bathing apparatus of the utility model directly utilizes a lifting rod as a connecting waterway, so a water outlet arranged on the upper part of the wall is arranged on the lower part of the wall through the lifting rod. The utility model which is convenient to arrange the hose realizes the arrangement of the moving shower head without additionally destroying the wall for arranging the shower head, solves the method that the former common lifting rod which is just connected at the interface of an exposed water tap by the hose is not matched with a concealed water tap.


Collapsing glomerulopathy (CG) is a renal injury described initially in association with HIV-induced nephropathy but also seen increasingly in non-HIVinfected individuals. Some authors recognise it as a separate clinicopathological variant of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) associated with nephritic syndrome, rapidly progressive chronic renal failure and the histopathologic features of glomerular capillary collapse [1,2]. It has also been linked with other viral infections including hepatitis C, but to date not with cytomegalovirus (CMV). There may be an association with lymphoproliferative disorders and autoimmune disease, but this is less certain [3]. We report the first case of CG leading to end-stage renal failure in a patient with acute CMV infection. To our knowledge, this is the first well-documented association of acute CMV infection and renal failure in an immunocompetent non-transplant patient.


(I)A palladium- and ligand-free reaction condition for Sonogashira-type coupling was developed, which used CuCl2 as the catalyst system and was applicable to one-pot three-steps synthesis of benzo[b]thiophene derivatives. Since this catalyst is cheap and easily removable (by washing), it may have some practical usage for chemists. (II)Total synthesis of raloxifene was accomplished in seven steps in 21% of total yields. This novel route was starting from the corresponding thioanisole 55. The iodination of compound 55 by treating with NIS in the presence of TMSCl can provide the 46% yield of the desired iodothioanisole 56. After the CuCl2-promoted one-pot three-step protocol was employed to iodothioanisole 56 as the key step for the construction of benzo[b]thiophene skeleton 58, the further three steps were carried out via Grignard reagent addition, deprotection, and SNAr reaction to afford the raloxifene 62.


We propose a model of time in physics that combines the determinism of classical mechanics, the irreversibility of thermodynamics, and the ever-bifurcating strands of the Many Worlds Interpretation of quantum mechanics, by means of an expanding, labyrinthine information space. We speculate that the growth of this space is linked to the cosmological expansion of the universe from its initial dense state by means of a generalization of general relativity to include the information space.


Understanding the situation, behavior and the nature of sand dunes and also their location, transport and deposition are very important. On the other hand, the importance of sand dunes is due to the impacts that they have on water and soil resources, flora and fauna and human infrastructure. This study, looks at the development patterns of sand dunes in Mesr erg region. In the first part, data and satellite imagery were analyzed with different time intervals. In the second part, wind data of Ardestān, Isfahan, Kashan, Natanz, Khoor and Byabanak stations were studied to monitor the status of the wind regime, and its impact on the dynamics of the Mesr sand dunes. The results indicate that the area affected by the prevailing winds from Northwest Southeast direction during the cold days during the entire year, so that major translocations fit this trend in the erg surface. However, average Migration over the dunes was measured 8 meters per year. During the summer, following the establishment of a low-pressure system over the Dasht-e Kavir, winds from the Northeast direction result in irregularities in the sand dunes morphology, therefore evidence of these irregularities, is the dunes Migration to the Southwest direction.


In order to evaluate the barley genotypes tolerance to the aluminum toxicity, an experiment was done in Agricultural Sciences Faculty, Universityof Mohaghegh Ardabiliat 2014. In this experiment, 20 barley genotypes were studied in two hydroponicand Sand-perliteculture systems in three stress levels of aluminum (control, 20 µM and 40 µMAl3+). The experiment was conducted as split plot based on completely randomized design with three replications. The results showed that the aluminum toxicity reduced morphological traits,chlorophyll content, photosynthesis pigments and carotenoid and increased some physiological traits such as soluble sugars and prolin. Comparing of genotypes means at stress levels showed that the genotypes 2, 7, 9, 11, 19 and 20 had great average for more studied traits and genotypes 3, 4 and 18 had the lowest averages in hydroponic system. In Sand-perlite culture system the great averages belong to the genotypes 1, 7, 9, 10, 11, 12, 19 and 20 and the lowest averages belong to the genotypes 5, 14 and 17. Cluster analysis showed that in control and tow stress conditions in hydroponic system, the genotypes 2, 7, 9, 11, 19 and 20 belonged to groups with high averages and the genotypes 3, 4, 5, 17 and 18 belonged to groups with low averages for meseared traits. In Sand-perlite culture system, the genotypes 7, 9, 10, 11, 12, 15, 19 and 20 belonged to groups with high averages and the genotypes 3, 4, 8, 14, 16 and 17 belonged to groups with low averages for meseared traits. According to the results of factor analysis in hydroponic system, the genotypes 7, 9, 19, 20, and in sand-perlite culture system the genotypes 7, 19 and 20 grouped as beter genotypes and telerant to Aluminum stress. Also, The genotypes 4 and 8 in hydroponic systems and the genotypes 5, 8, 13 and 18 in sand-perlite culture system grouped as susceptible genotypes to Aluminum stress.


The Darlington Family Assessment System (DFAS) consists of a framework of widely accepted concepts, a semi-structured family interview and rating scale, and a detailed account of how to use the system in clinical practice. The model views health issues within a family life-cycle (developmental) framework. It assesses problems at four systemic levels: the child perspective, the parental perspective, the parent-child perspective, and the whole family perspective. The semi-structured interview is designed to see how family members perceive problems and to map out other possible problems, and is a useful basic training tool. Empirical work suggests that the framework of key concepts and the rating scale offer a powerful method for describing and differentiating families. There is evidence that the model is useful as a training method for health professionals undergoing basic training. Detailed clinical guidelines have also been developed, to show how the model can be applied in practice. The advantage of the model is that it can be used with a variety of therapeutic approaches, and to inform choices about which interventions are likely to be successful or not.


We analyze the robust stability properties of iteration schemes for the algorithmic implementation of model predictive control for linear discrete-time systems. The underlying optimization employs a relaxed barrier function based problem formulation and performs only a limited, possibly arbitrarily small, number of optimization algorithm iterations per sampling instant. Based on the input-to-state stability concept, the resulting overall closed-loop system consisting of system state and optimizer dynamics is shown to be robustly stable with respect to both external and internal disturbances. Implications for the case of certainty equivalence output feedback as well as possible extensions are also discussed.


Reducing the constant current power supply ripple is an important technique to improve the accuracy and stability of the constant current source power.In practice,because of the complex circuit structure and many factors forming the power ripple,it is difficult to analyze in detail by the traditional linear delivery methods.An intelligent PID algorithm is proposed in this paper to analyze circuit and numerical simulation,and established the model in the MATLAB/simulink to get the more idea output which can make the dynamic performance of system get improved.


Dengue fever is a rapidly emerging arboviral infection in human beings spredominantly in tropical and subtropical countries. It is transmitted by the bite of Aedes mosquitoes [1]. It is a self-limiting viral illness with varying symptomatology ranging from completely asymptomatic infection to fulminant form of dengue known as dengue haemorrhagic fever. The common symptoms include fever, joints and body pain. Fever usually lasts for 5-7 days. Recovery is complete but gradual. Some patients may progress to Dengue haemorrhagic fever and Dengue shock syndrome. Dengue haemorrhagic fever is having more dramatic course with persistently falling platelet counts and plasma leak. There is a higher chance of bleeding in such patients. Complications after dengue are rare but can occur depending upon the severity of infection, host immune status and presence and absence of comorbidities. These include mild hepatic dysfunction, iritis, retobulbar and bulbar haemorrhage, orchitis, oophritis and pneumonia. Pneumocystis pneumonia has not been described in association with dengue. We report a case of dengue fever that developed pneumocystis pneumonia during the course of his illness.

A 33-year old male presented with two days history of high grade fever with chills, headache, generalized body ache and vomiting. His haematological investigations on the day of admission revealed haemoglobin 9.5 mg%, white blood cells count of 4,500/cu.mm, platelets 1,20,000/ cu.mm with mildly elevated alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase. Peripheral blood smear was negative for malarial parasite.His PaO2 was 96%.He was seronegative for HIV with normal CD4 count. His ELISA test for was positive for dengue. Chest radiograph was unremarkable, [Table/Fig-1] and ultrasound abdomen suggested mild hepatomegaly and mild ascites. Patient was stared with conservative management including antipyretic for fever. Since fourth day of treatment patient became progressively dyspnoeic with dry cough. His PaO2 was 76% with alveolar-arterial gradient of 38 mm Hg. Repeat chest radiograph show bilateral fine reticulo-nodular and ground glass opacity predominantly in upper and mid-zones. Subsequently CECT chest was done, which revealed patchy ground glass and crazy paving areas in both lungs [Table/Fig-2a & 2b]. Few lung cysts and patchy infiltrates were also seen. There was no lymphadenopathy. Mild pleural effusion was present on the right side. CT findings suggested a possibility of pneumocystis pneumonia though possibility of viral pneumonia was not ruled out. Patient was started with trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole at a dose of 100 mg/kg/day intravenous and prednisolone at a dose of 50 mg/day for five days and then tapered for next two weeks. Meanwhile, bronchoalveolar lavage was performed which confirmed pneumocystis infection. Patient started responding from day 4th of the start of antibiotics and significantly recovered in 10 days, however the antibiotics were continued for 21 days. The patient was discharged after complete recovery.

[Table/Fig-1]:

Frontal chest radiograph showing reticulonodular shadows with underlying haziness involving both the lung predominantly in parahilar and upper zones

[Table/Fig-2a, 2b]:

Computed tomography chest (a) axial and (b) coronal image in lung window setting showing bilateral patchy ground glass and crazy-paving pattern

Pneumocystis pneumonia is a common fungal respiratory infection in HIV positive patient particularly with CD4 counts <200/cu.mm, but can be seen in non-HIV patients like patients on drug therapy for rheumatoid arthritis, immunosuppressive therapy and transplant recipients [2,3]. It presents with non-productive cough, fever, breathlessness with reduced PaO2 and increased alveolar-arterial gradient [4].

To the best of our knowledge, this is probably the first case in which pneumocystis pneumonia is seen associated with dengue infection in a non-HIV patient. This case draws attention to the rare complication in dengue illness and emphasizes the importance of considering pneumocystis pneumonia as a possibility in patients with dengue fever with appropriate symptoms and imaging findings, so that timely management can be done.


The Hyeres Islands which formerly were a part of the Tyrrhenid together with the A[aures may be considered as the southernmost range (including the Gien peninsula) of this siliceous, group of mountains. They were separated from the main land long ago, though, however, they may have remained connected two by two, perhaps intermittently. This plainly affected the flora and fauna of the archipelago. Moreover, the Port-Cros Island has profited for nearly 40 years by an efficient protection which favours the free gradual evolution of its natural animal .and plant associations. Its entomological fauna, though relatively poor, is characterized either by the occurrence of a few endemic species and of elements biogeographically most interesting, or by blanks which allow to make fruitful deductions in that regard. Underground coleoptera seem scarce,. in regard to species as well as individuals. A comparative study with those of the neighbouring continent and with those of the other islands seems to he most instructive. Though - further investigations are still necessary to draw conclusions, the absence of some species is surprising at first and seems to he one of the remarkable aspects of this most peculiar fauna. It might be scientifically most interesting if protective measures which, tanks to a private initiative, have up to now brought about such good results, could be ensured duration while it is still possible, so that the island be definitely put into reserve and its biocenotic associations go on being protected against any artificial disturbing introduction.


Data mining techniques have been widely used in clinical decision support systems for detection and prediction of various diseases. As heart disease is the leading cause of death for both men and women, detection and prediction of the heart disease is one of the most important issues in medical domain and many researchers developed intelligent medical decision support systems to improve the ability of the CAD systems in diagnosing heart disease. However, there are almost no studies investigating capabilities of hybrid ensemble methods in building a detection and prediction model for heart disease. In this work, we investigate the use of hybrid ensemble model in which a more reliable ensemble than basic ensemble models is proposed and leads to better performance than other heart disease prediction models. To evaluate the performance of proposed model, a dataset containing 278 samples from SPECT heart disease database is used that after applying the model on the data, 96% of classification accuracy, 80% of sensitivity and 93% of specificity are obtained that indicates acceptable performance of the proposed hybrid ensemble model in comparison with basic ensemble model as well as other state of the art models.


In this paper some methods commonly used in multivariate cluster analysis are discussed and compared byusing a specific data set. The main objective is to show that the graphical method is efficient and similar tothe Ward and K-Means methods which are based upon mathematical and statistical theories. Thesimilarityfound between the graphical and the statistical methods suggests that although it is more subjective thegraphical method is a valid technique that could be used to determine the clusters of a sample or a population.,


The study aimed to identify the antibacterial potential of commercial antibiotics such as ampicillin, streptomycin, chloromphenicol, tetracycline and biosynthesized silver nanoparticles by mangrove leaf of Avicennia officinalis against biofilm forming bacteria (BFB) BFB1, BFB5, BFB7 and BFB8. In in vitro antibacterial assay, ampicillin exhibited a maximum of 27 and 16 mm of growth inhibitory zone at 40 μg concentration against BFB5 and BFB7 respectively, while, BFB8 showed resistance towards ampicillin. Chloramphenicol showed a maximum of 24 and 40 mm of growth inhibitory zone at 60 μg concentration against BFB5 and BFB7, respectively. Tetracycline exhibited a maximum of 34, 31 and 20 mm of growth inhibitory zone at 60 μg concentration against BFB5, BFB7 and BFB8, respectively. Streptomycin showed 26 mm of growth inhibitory zone at 20 μg against BFB5 and 27 mm of growth inhibitory zone at 40 μg concentration against BFB7. Silver nanoparticles of mangrove Avicennia officinalis leaves showed a maximum of 30 mm growth inhibition against BFB7, and a minimum of 13 mm was observed against BFB1. Growth inhibitory zone of 15 and 18 mm was produced by silver nanoparticle against BFB5 and BFB8. BFB1 was found to be all antibiotics and BFB7 was found to be more sensitive to biosynthesized silver nano particles. The UV-visible spectrophotometric analysis showed a peak at 420 nm confirms the presence of silver nanoparticles synthesis by A. officinalis. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) results showed a prominent peaks at 3957.93, 3853.77, 3398.57, 2966.52, 1892.17, 1653, 1427, 1236, and 1022.27 cm -1 . The X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis exhibited intense peaks at 111, 200, 220, 311 for the extract in the whole spectrum of 2e value ranging from 20 to 80 and this pattern was similar to the Braggs's reflection of silver nanocrystals. It can be concluded from the present findings that the commercial antibiotics and silver nanoparticles from the leaf extract of A. officinalis can be used


In Sweden m ost charts are very old, but each year some new ones are produced. The type follows various IHO Technical Resolutions and charts are printed in four colours black, blue-green, magenta and yellow. The attached chart shows how the colours are used and how the line symbols are adopted to suit the scribing method. In some charts the topographic inform ation (taken from topographic maps) is highlighted by height contours but this process is still in the experimental stage.


I want to begin this reflection on 'visceral reason' with the blunt assertion above, which the narrator 'Jean Genet' attributes to the mother of his dead lover, Jean D. The mother is a 'sexual collaborator'; she hides her lover, a German soldier, in her apartment after the liberation of Paris. The mother's mouth is obscenely full of food at this moment when she denigrates servants in earshot of the 'little maid', who has just buried her infant daughter, Jean D's progeny. The mother's attitude is emblematic of a hypocritical bourgeois society that Genet denounces throughout his writings. His disgust with this society spurs him to rail against conventional rituals that would incorporate his dead lover as a martyr into a homogenous narrative of national resistance. The narrator of Funeral Rites affirms his lover's singularity through lurid fantasies of violent seduction and through a perverse celebration of betrayal, more pure, to his mind, than French identifications with their heroes and legends. Genet's provocation to French society is to employ such fantasies to bury the national nose in its own shit – in a past that should not pass.


Abstract Doppler satellite observations on towers during the Barrier Reef Mapping Project showed larger than normal misclosures. An experiment was conducted by the Queensland Department of Mapping and Surveying in the Brisbane area to highlight possible systematic errors introduced by the observing techniques and to research methods of minimising these errors.


Nature offers an enormous amount of free energy in the form of Sun [Photovoltaic (PV)]. Therefore, it is interesting to integrate this renewable, everlasting, and echo friendly energy into traditional grid connected power supply. In this study, an energy management system (EMS) is proposed for the proper PV energy integration and utilization into microgrids. For prototype, simulations were performed for 1 kW PV array, 1.5 kV A inverter, and 1.5 kW load employing Lab VIEW. Boolean algebraic operators were incorporated for decisions. A sine wave frequency generator with the desired voltage and frequency measurements was introduced for both grid and PV sources. Numerical indicators are used for current, voltage, and frequency display. The proposed system offers integration and management of PV and national grid power for domestic power utilization. To test the capabilities of the developed EMS, the results were compared with the already established methods. In the developed method, PV is considered as a primary power source for domestic appliances (load) during daytime along with the national grid as a secondary power source. Moreover, to establish its feasibility, economic implications are also discussed.Nature offers an enormous amount of free energy in the form of Sun [Photovoltaic (PV)]. Therefore, it is interesting to integrate this renewable, everlasting, and echo friendly energy into traditional grid connected power supply. In this study, an energy management system (EMS) is proposed for the proper PV energy integration and utilization into microgrids. For prototype, simulations were performed for 1 kW PV array, 1.5 kV A inverter, and 1.5 kW load employing Lab VIEW. Boolean algebraic operators were incorporated for decisions. A sine wave frequency generator with the desired voltage and frequency measurements was introduced for both grid and PV sources. Numerical indicators are used for current, voltage, and frequency display. The proposed system offers integration and management of PV and national grid power for domestic power utilization. To test the capabilities of the developed EMS, the results were compared with the already established methods. In the developed method, PV is considered as a prim...


In this paper, we propose a channel estimation method based on the discrete cosine transform (DCT) using phase shifted pilot sequences for MIMO-OFDM systems. By exploiting the properties of DCT, the proposed method mitigates the aliasing effect introduced in DFT-based channel estimation method. With reasonable design and phase shifted pilot sequences for each transmitter antenna, the DCT-based channel estimation method can achieve highly efficient and accurate estimation without sacrificing much system overhead. Further more, no matrix reverse is required for channel estimation, so the computation complexity is largely simplified. The computer simulation results demonstrate effectiveness of the proposed DCT-based channel estimation method using phase shifted pilot sequences


Novel methods for remote coupling of light into optical fibers embedded in composite structures has been explored. A passive technique in which light is coupled via a 45° angled mirror manufactured at the end of a plastic optical fiber (POF) was explored as well as an active technique in which a dye-impregnated POF was used to couple light to immersed fibers without physical connectorization. The fibers were immersed in fluids with different refractive indices to determine the effect of index on the coupling efficiency and simulate optical fibers embedded in a polymer composite. The passive technique proved much more efficient with a maximum efficiency of 91.4% achieved in an index of 1.33. The dye-impregnated POF was much less efficient with typical values ranging from 1%-2% for various indexes.


According to mineral composition,structural constitution and disseminated size of ore fed to a beneficiation plant,the beneficiation flowsheet of stage-wise grinding,flotation and magnetic separation has been tested and adopted with good dressing performance.


We explore the potential application of graphene-based qubits in photonic quantum communications. In particular, the valley pair qubit in double quantum dots of gapped graphene is investigated as a quantum memory in the implementation of quantum repeaters. For the application envisioned here, our work extends the recent study of the qubit (Wu et al., arXiv: 1104.0443; Phys. Rev. B 84, 195463 (2011)) to the case where the qubit is placed in a normal magnetic field-free configuration. It develops, for the configuration, a method of qubit manipulation, based on a unique AC electric field-induced, valley-orbit interaction-derived mechanism in gapped graphene. It also studies the optical response of graphene quantum dots in the configuration, in terms of valley excitation with respect to photonic polarization, and illustrates faithful photon \leftrightarrow valley quantum state transfers. This work suggests the interesting prospect of an all-graphene approach for the solid state components of a quantum network, e.g., quantum computers and quantum memories in communications.


The majority of studies in saturation nonlinearities making use of periodic input signals and signal noise ratio (SNR) measures indicate the possibility of SNR gains due to stochastic resonance (SR). The paper points out that for such circumstances, the SNR measure discards some statistical information due to the saturation. When the shape of input signals is required at the output of the saturation nonlinearities, SNR is not an appropriate measure even for the case of narrowband or periodic signals. A statistical measure based on deflection ratio is proposed, and detectability at the output of the saturation nonlinearities is also considered simultaneously. Although SNR amplification has been shown to exist for periodic input signals, somewhat paradoxically, a gain larger than unity cannot be obtained as far as the deflection ratio or detectability is concerned. The underlying mechanism is revealed, and it is showed that the situations where the SNR gains occur are limited in their potential usefulness.


This work deals with the development of experimental campaign to accomplish the upgrading of a high-boiling-point petroleum fraction (atmospheric residue ATR-W 673.15 K+ with API gravity equals 11.9 and molar mass equals 2956 kg·kmol–1) by centrifugal reactive-molecular distillation (CRMD). In this process, 30 fractions (15 distillates and 15 residues) were obtained under different operating conditions. HT-SimDis GC played an important role to evaluate the conversion degree. Furthermore, physicochemical properties and colloidal characterization were determined by ASTM standard methods and size exclusion chromatography (SEC) with UV–absorption detection, respectively. The pilot-scale experiments by the CRMD process showed that it successfully upgraded the feedstock into two process streams named as distillate and residue streams using 3 and 5 wt % of zeolite-based catalyst at 483.15 K and pressure system below 50.0 Pa. Under these conditions, in the distillate streams the conversion of ATR-W 673.15 K+ was ...


Complexation of cadmium (Cd), nickel (Ni), and zinc (Zn) by dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in leachate-polluted groundwater was measured using a resin equilibrium method and an aquifer material sorption technique. The first method is commonly used in complexation studies, while the second method better represents aquifer conditions. The two approaches gave similar results. Metal−DOC complexation was measured over a range of DOC concentrations using the resin equilibrium method, and the results were compared to simulations made by two speciation models containing default databases on metal−DOC complexes (WHAM and MINTEQA2). The WHAM model gave reasonable estimates of Cd and Ni complexation by DOC for both leachate-polluted groundwater samples. The estimated effect of complexation differed less than 50% from the experimental values corresponding to a deviation on the activity of the free metal ion of a factor of 2.5. The effect of DOC complexation for Zn was largely overestimated by the WHAM model, and it w...


The average concentration of heavy metals namely; Hg, Ni, Pb, and Zn in edible vegetables and soil in Bekwara Urban Area of Cross River State were determined using flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometer (AAS). The Target Hazard Quotient (THQ) was also calculated based on the concentration of the metals in the vegetables to assess the possible health risk associated with the consumption of the vegetables. The eight vegetables considered together with the soil samples where they were planted include: Amarathus spp., Corchorus olitorius, Murraya koenigii, Ocimium grattissimum, Solanum melongena, Talinum triangulare, Telfaira occidentalis and Vernonia amygdalina. The results show that the mean concentration of Ni, Pb, and Zn in mgkg -1 in the soil was 0.003-0.010, (0.007-0.033) and (0.522-1.415) respectively in the rainy season, and (0.003-0.011), (0.005-0.029), (0.520-1081) respectively in dry season. The mean concentration of Ni, Pb, and Zn accumulated by the vegetables in mgkg -1 was in the range 0.001-0.009, 0.002-0.014and 0.047-0.110 respectively in rainy season and 0.001-0.008, 0.001-0.010 and 0.0430.101 respectively in dry season. Hg was a string variable as its concentration was not detected in the soil or vegetables. The Target Quotient (THQ) values of Ni, Pb, and Zn for all the vegetables were less than 1 indicating that there is no health risk associated with the consumption of the vegetables for now. The results also reveal that there is some level of heavy metals contamination of the area and the vegetables though very low and within the permissible limits of WHO. There is no significant difference between the results of the rainy and dry season showing that the source of the metals is not from air pollution sources or irrigation water but from indiscriminate disposal of waste.


Cooperation in agriculture has existed in the community. This cooperation is in the form musaqah and muzaraah. This cooperation is motivated the fact that there are people who have a tree, but he was not able to take care of him, or have a farm, but he was unable to manage it. musaqah contract applies to plants, while muzara'ah force on the ground. Cooperation is done in order productive land and produce.


OBJECTIVE:To select the best medium prescription of HP.METHOD:To select the best solid medium of HP by orthogonal test design and to study the condition of preserving HP.RESULTS CONCLUSIONS:There are significant deviations of growing circumstance of HP on the different cultivation medium.The best solid cultivation medium for HP is colombian agar or brain heart infusion agar medium with 2.5%mixed antibiotic added with 5.0%bovine serum and kept the pH of medium at 7.5.HP is preserved under —70 ℃~—80 ℃,which could be successfully antibiotic.


Both interpersonal dependency and the importance of the therapeutic alliance to successful psychotherapy outcomes have been widely studied. However, these two areas of study rarely have been viewed conjointly despite the reportedly large number of clients with dependency who present for treatment. This study elucidated the relationship between interpersonal dependency and the therapeutic alliance. Additional hypotheses explored client-therapist agreement on alliance strength in relation to client interpersonal dependency. Participants were graduate student therapists (N = 26) and their individual psychotherapy clients (N = 40) in a training clinic at a large, southwestern university. Within their first three sessions of psychotherapy, participating clients told nine Thematic Apperception Test stories and completed structured self-report measures of adult attachment, social desirability, and psychological symptoms. Interpersonal dependency was scored from the TAT stories, using the TAT Oral Dependency (TOD) scoring system developed by Masling, Rabie, and Blondheim (1967) and Huprich (2008). Three sessions following initial data collection, participating clients and their therapists completed structured self-report measures of the therapeutic alliance. Analyses revealed that interpersonal dependency was not significantly associated with client and therapist alliance ratings or the congruence between client and therapist alliance ratings. However, specific scoring categories of the TOD were associated with client alliance scores in opposing directions. In contrast to hypotheses, self-reported attachment-related dependency was significantly related to client alliance ratings and to the congruence between therapist and client alliance ratings. Clients with higher levels of self-reported attachment-related dependency rated the alliance less favorably, in agreement with their therapists, than did clients with lower levels of attachment-related dependency. Additional analyses were unsuccessful in replicating findings from previous research on interpersonal dependency. The clinical and research implications of these findings are discussed.


Objective To observe blood gas analysis of internal carotid artery and internal jugular vein to calculate the cerebral extraction of oxygen, and to investigate the relationship between oxyhemoglobin in internal jugular vein, cerebral extraction of oxygen, and the prognosis of patients with head injury. Method Seventy patients with acute severe head injury in ICU of Taizhou People Hospital were studied, and another 80 patients with mild head injury were enrolled as controls. Twenty-four hours after first aid such as keeping airway open and circulatory and ventilation support, and emergency craniotomy, the blood samples from internal carotid artery and internal jugular vein were collected for blood gas analysis including SaO2, PaO2, SjvO2, PJVO2 > PaCO2, PJVCO2, SaO2-SjvO2, Pa-jvCCO2, CaO2-CjvO2 and Ca-jvO2/CaCO2 (CEO2, cerebral oxygen extraction). Results There were significant differences in SjvO2, PjvO2, Sa-jvO2, Pa-jvO2 Ca-jvO2 and CEO2 between two groups. Conclusions The SjvO2 and CEO2 represent the cerebral oxygen uptake and oxygen consumption precisely, and they can be used to predict the outcome of patients with severe craniocerebral trauma commendabiy.

Key words:
Severe head injury; Cerebral oxygen metabolism; Blood gas analysis; Relation analysis


The special characteristics providing protection to explosion for equipment design for use in potentially explosive atmospheres must be preserved during their entire period of use. Thus, the equipment designed for use in potentially explosive atmosphere shall be subjected to specific inspections in order to verify that the characteristics on which explosion protection is based were not depreciated in time. The purpose of the paper is to underline the importance of inspections in case of equipment intended to be used in potentially explosive atmospheres and to provide specific recommendations in this matter.


This work proposed the use of the finite element method (FEM) for modelling the temperature distribution of dissimilar metals that were resistance spot welded on the basis of welding parameters. Stainless steel SUS 304 and low carbon steel SS 400 were used. Their properties were set to change according to the temperature history. The modelling set a constant weld current of 12.2 kA as the wave input with a frequency of 50 Hz. ANSYS 12.0 was used to complete the FEM with the discretisation from the resemblance energy. The result of the modelling showed that the highest temperature was always attained at the end of the weld time. The highest temperature of 1456°C was used; this temperature was attained with a weld time of 0.30 s. On the basis of the melting point of the used materials, it can be assumed that the nugget began to form.


This article presents the notion of experience in its own dynamic structure according to Luigi Giussani, pointing out its originality. Experience as intelligence of the meaning of things that enables the emergence from reality to consciousness is analyzed in view of its characteristic of increasing a person's ability to understand and love as well as to be open to totality. The originality of Giussani's notion of experience is the emphasis on the event rather than on the modern and contemporary characteristic of the subject suppressing reality, who might overcome the reductions of experience to a feeling, or a subjective or ephemeral phenomenon.


The effective use of simulation from issuance of the request for proposal through conduct of a flight test program for the XV-15 Tilt Rotor Research Aircraft is discussed. From program inception, simulation complemented all phases of XV-15 development. The initial simulation evaluations during the source evaluation board proceedings contributed significantly to performance and stability and control evaluations. Eight subsequent simulation periods provided major contributions in the areas of control concepts; cockpit configuration; handling qualities; pilot workload; failure effects and recovery procedures; and flight boundary problems and recovery procedures. The fidelity of the simulation also made it a valuable pilot training aid, as well as a suitable tool for military and civil mission evaluations. Simulation also provided valuable design data for refinement of automatic flight control systems. Throughout the program, fidelity was a prime issue and resulted in unique data and methods for fidelity evaluation which are presented and discussed.


The short-term in situ effects of prolactin and insulin on the transport of monovalent and divalent cations were examined in climbing perch Anabas testudineus to infer upon how these hormones regulate ion transport in the metabolic and osmoregualtory tissues of freshwater fish. Varied doses (10 -9 , 10 -8 and 10 -7 M) of ovine prolactin (oPRL) and insulin were infused in these fish for 20 min and the specific activities of ion-specific ATPases were analyzed. The Na + , K + -ATPase activity in the intestine and liver showed significant increase after oPRL infusion. Infusion of oPRL significantly decreased the cytosolic H + -ATPase activity in the intestine and liver, but increased the cytosolic Ca 2+ -ATPase activity in these tissues. Infusion of oPRL decreased the mitochondrial Mg 2+ -ATPase and H + -ATPase activities in the liver but the activities of these transporters increased in the intestine. Similar to oPRL, insulin infusion produced dose-dependent effects on the transporter activities in the liver and intestinal tissues. The mitochondrial Mg 2+ -ATPase activity in the liver significantly decreased at 10 -9 and 10 -7 M insulin infusion whereas its activity increased significantly in intestine at 10 -8 M insulin. Likewise, insulin infusion produced significant increases in the activities of all tested transporters except the cytosolic H + -ATPase activity in the intestine. A direct action of insulin on ion transport was found in both liver and intestinal tissues, as evident in the activity patterns of ion-specific ATPases. Taken together the results point to vital roles of PRL and insulin in ion transport in both liver and intestinal tissues of climbing perch.


'Finance-IT'(FinTech) has been a hot issue not only in finance but also in IT industry over the world. 'FinTech' is a combination of Finance and...


Secure digital images is very important for today's scenario which combining methods and techniques coming from cryptography and image processing. Visual Cryptography Scheme (VCS) is a new kind of cryptography technique which allows visual information (e.g. printed text, picture etc.) to be encrypted in such a way that decryption can be performed by the human visual system without any complex computation on computers. Here we proposed a Visual Cryptography Scheme based on image division of grey level images for the generation of Secret Shares. In this paper we represent the (k, n) Threshold Visual Cryptography Scheme in which the size of generated Shares as well as Recovered Image have same as the Secret Image rather than other VCS where k is the threshold value. Also we proposed the new technique to generate the Shadow Assignment Matrix with the help of Genetic Algorithm (GA). This Shadow Assignment Matrix helped us to distribute the Temporary shadow to the users according to their occurrence of 1's in a row.


Four different cost allocation methods are compared which allocate the joint costs of water resource projects among its participants on the basis of separable and nonseparable costs: the egalitarian nonseparable cost (ENSC) method, the separable costs remaining benefits (SCRB) method, the minimum costs remaining savings method, and a new method, the so-called nonseparable cost gap method, which is derived from the τ value, a game theoretical concept. All these methods, except the ENSC method, can be described with the aid of lower and upper bounds for the core of the involved cost game. For convex cost games, these three methods use the same bounds for the core and hence coincide, but their cost allocation not necessarily belongs to the core. For a second class of cost games the so-called one-convex cost games, all methods, except the SCRB method, coincide, and their cost allocation turns out to be the center of gravity of the core of the involved cost game.


This paper presents the recent research status of quantum gyroscope and superfluid gyroscope based on the new physical effects of cryogenic Bose-Einstein condensation.The physical effects,operating principles and technical status of the two new types of gyroscopes were described.The quantum gyroscope is based on the Sagnac effect of mater wave,and its precision is several orders higher than that of optical gyroscope.The superfluid gyroscope is based on the superfluid's low-viscosity and the quantum's vortex properties,and can obtain super-high precision in principle.At last,the paper analyzes the development prospect of the two types of gyroscopes.


Smart contracts are software systems that monitor, automate, and control the execution of a process, react to violations, and enforce process terms and conditions. There is tremendous interest in developing smart contract applications in banking, finance, insurance, government, and supply chain markets. Many of these applications operate in a cyber-physical environment and adopt architectures based on Internet-of-Things (IoT) and blockchain technologies to support monitoring and ensure data integrity. To investigate how cyber-physical smart contracts are realized for compliance monitoring, together with associated challenges and research opportunities. A mapping review of the literature that surveys underlying architectures and their evaluation. The publications considered came from four databases (Scopus, Web of Science, IEEE Xplore, and Google Scholar), supplemented by manual snowballing. All publications considered are peer-reviewed, written in English, and published in non-predatory venues. A total of 368 publications were considered, with a final selection of 50 papers (all published between 2018 and 2023) that were analyzed along three dimensions: Cyber-physical architectures, infrastructure failures, and technical challenges. Blockchain technologies are the most commonly used platform for smart contracts as they provide decentralized architectures deploying interesting communication patterns, as well as multiple technologies to simplify communication for producing and consuming events. Moreover, such architectures can lead to many types of infrastructure failures including sensor/actuator attacks, network outages, and hardware/software failures, resulting in five important technical challenge areas related to security, availability, robustness, privacy, and legal aspects. Key insights and directions for future research are also reported. This review will inform readers about how cyber-physical smart contracts are being built and deployed and the challenges that are faced by their builders and users.


Splenic T lymphocytes from mice sensitized to 100 μg of DNP‐coupled mycobacterium (DNP‐Tbc) showed in vitro proliferative response against DNP‐or TNP‐conjugated protein antigens. The increased uptake of 3H‐thymidine induced by DNP‐HSA was partially inhibited by the addition of 10–4M DNP‐EACA. DNP‐AECM‐Ficoll did not induce any significant proliferative responses in DNP‐Tbc‐primed T cell population. However, priming with DNP‐Tbc augmented anti‐DNP IgG antibody response induced with DNP‐Ficoll. The augmentation of IgG response was not due to the presence of DNP‐primed B cells or anti‐DNP antibody. The results showed that the priming with DNP‐Tbc induced DNP‐reactive T helper cells which could be triggered with DNP‐Ficoll. The possible role of mycobacterium in the induction of hapten‐specific T helper cells is discussed.


Excerpt Disseminated candidiasis is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised patients.Candida albicansis the commonest pathogen associated with systemic candidiasis, alth...


The weight and modal performance of the vehicle wheels are two essential factors that affect the driving comfort of a vehicle. The main objective of this study is to present an efficient approach to reduce the weight and enhance the modal performance of the wheel by reducing the design time and computational cost. The alloy wheel rim is often used for lightweight wheel design. In this study, an approach is presented for the lightweight design of alloy wheel rims. An intelligent approach based on neural networks (NNs) is introduced to predict the optimum design parameters of the wheel rim during the wheel design phase and to improve the wheel optimization process. The Latin hypercube and Hammersley designs of the experimental methods were used to obtain a training dataset with finite element analysis. The NN and multiple linear regression (MLR) models were trained to predict the weight, first-mode frequency, and displacement values. A multi-objective genetic algorithm was employed to optimize the design decisions based on the predicted values. It was used to compute the optimum results with both the NN and MLR models for a better prediction accuracy of the wheel rim design parameters. The proposed approach allows designers to optimize design decisions and evaluate design modifications during the early stages of the wheel development phase. The surrogate-based optimization method plays an important role in the wheel rim optimization process, particularly when the optimization model is established based on computationally expensive finite element simulations, testing, and prototypes. The results show the effectiveness of the NN-combined genetic optimization approach in predicting the responses and optimizing the design decisions for the alloy wheel rim design by reducing engineering time and computational cost.


Energy-efficient lighting design combining Light-guide Illumination and artificial lighting for tunnel-entrance is discussed, and the auto-dimming Control System for brightness is designed to provide a reference for the large numbers of lighting technology workers to study the tunnel energy-efficient lighting.


Double pendulum with axial forcing constraint is considered by using Hamilton equations. In this case, the total Hamiltonian is complicated because of its constraint. There is additional terms which is add to the usual Hamiltonian. Four equations of motion is obtained from the Hamilton equations since the degree of freedom is four. Solutions of the equations are solved numerically by Runge-Kutta method. The results are plotted in poincare maps. In this case, the maps is displayed in various initial value. The chaotic behavior can be indicated which depends on given time function forcing constraint.