Fire is a threat to human safety, property and the environment. Fire incidents at gas stations often occur, at least from 2018-2020 there have been two fire cases in Indragiri Hulu Regency which resulted in physical and material losses. The fire occurred due to the unavailability and lack of monitoring of active fire protection facilities at gas stations. This type of research is a case study qualitative research which is determined by purposive sampling. The informants in this study consisted of 6 people, namely operators, field coordinators, technical staff, supervisors, leaders and directors of gas stations. The results obtained are that the gas station already has 2 fire detectors but does not meet the standard of SNI 03-3985-2000, Gas stations already have fire alarms but not yet installed in all buildings, gas stations already have 4 fire extinguishers and are not in accordance with Pertamina Regulation and PU Ministerial Regulation No. 26/PRT/M/2008, there is an absorbent in the form of sand with a blue tub and it is not in accordance with Pertamina standards, it already has a hydrant that meets the standard and already has hose reels. It is suggested to gas stations to increase the number of fire detectors, fire alarms, fire extinguishers, hydrants and absorbents in accordance with Pertamina standards.


The ability of the machine to infer knowledge from the user documents can be tested based on its ability to answer the question asked. Conventional Artificial Neural Network (ANN) models for knowledge extraction only answer to the questions which are simple and objective as they don't analyze the questions and don't try to understand what really the content of document mean. The proposed question answering system (QAS) uses deep cases along with ANN to understand the contents of the documents. We divide the sentences of natural language into knowledge units and assign deep case to each word to improve the quality of knowledge extraction.


To study the role of the signal sequences in the biogenesis of outer membrane proteins, we have constructed two hybrid genes: a phoE‐ompF hybrid gene, which encodes the signal sequence of outer membrane PhoE protein and the structural sequence of outer membrane OmpF protein, and a bla‐phoE hybrid gene which encodes the signal sequence as well as 158 amino acids of the structural sequence of the periplasmic enzyme beta‐lactamase and the complete structural sequence of PhoE protein. The products of these genes are normally transported to and assembled into the outer membrane These results show: (i) that signal sequences of exported proteins are export signals which function independently of the structural sequence, and (ii) that the information which determines the ultimate location of an outer membrane protein is located in the structural sequence of this protein, and not in the signal sequence.


Financial service organizations have a number of strategic goals including the acquisition and retention of new and existing customers through the application of various management methodologies. In view of these goals, the institutions generate large volumes of data on profile data, purchase and browsing history and social media data daily. In recent times, businesses have increased the volume of data they process and analyze and this comes at a high computational cost in its analysis. Due to the high increase in the volume of data, most institutions are moving away from the measure of the data volume by volume and considering other parameters. The additional parameters of interest to support evaluation of systems-enabled strategy include variety and velocity. My motivated to design and employ techniques that will stem from both approaches to designing a more hybrid approach which will perform better and also moderate in terms of computational cost.


Carrier-Bound Organometallic Complexes, III[1]. – Polysiloxane-Bound (Ether-phosphane)ruthenium(II) Complexes and Their CP-MAS NMR-Spectroscopic Characterization

The reaction of the functionalized ether-phosphane ligand CH3O(CH2)2P(Ph)(CH2)3Si(OMe)3 (1c) with Cl2Ru(PPh3)3 (2) and HRuCl(CO)(PPh3)3 (3) results in the formation of the mono-chelated (ether-phosphane)ruthenium(II) complex Cl2Ru(P∼O)2(P∼O) (4c) and the hydride HRuCl(CO)(P∼O)3 (5c) (P∼O: η1-P-coordinated; P∼O: η2-O∼P-coordinated). Compounds 4c and 5c are polycondensated to the corresponding polysiloxane-bound complexes 4c′ and 5c′. 31P-chemical shifts of the immobilized species 4c′ and 5c′ in the solid-state CP-MAS NMR spectra are compared with those of the 31P{1H}-NMR spectra of monomeric complexes 4b, c and 5b, c with the ligands CH3O(CH2)2P(Ph)(CH2)3SiMe3 (1b) and 1c in solution. No change in the structure between the monomeric and polymeric species could be observed. According to 29Si CP-MAS NMR-spectroscopic investigations the polysiloxane chains are connected by ruthenium complexes to a network with favourable properties. The chelated polysiloxane-bound red complex 4c′ adds CO in the solid state to give quantitatively yellow all-trans-Cl2Ru(CO)2(P∼O)2 (6c′). In the presence of carbon monoxide there is an equilibrium between 5c′ and HRuCl(CO)2(P∼O)2 (7c′) which was also found in solution for 5b, c and 7b, c. The reactions indicate that the chemistry of polysiloxane-bound ether-phosphane complexes can well be compared with the chemistry in solution. 31P CP-MAS NMR spectra of the complexes 4c′ and 5c′ are strongly dominated by a chemical shift anisotropy which shows a fingerprint pattern both for monomeric crystalline complexes 4a, 5a [containing ligand Ph2P(CH2)2OCH3 (1a)] and polysiloxane-bound phosphane complexes 4c′ and 5c′.


Introduction
 : Endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) is a highly effective treatment to improve clinical outcome in patients with acute ischemic stroke due to large vessel occlusion (AIS‐LVO). However, blood‐brain barrier (BBB) disruption causing hemorrhagic transformation and reperfusion injury can potentially negate the beneficial effect of reperfusion. Studying determinants, frequency, and outcomes of the hyperintense acute reperfusion marker (HARM) sign, a biomarker of BBB disruption, would help to identify individual patients at increased risk, as well as developing therapies to prevent BBB breakdown.

 Methods
 : In consecutive AIS‐LVO patients with AIS‐LVO who underwent EVT followed by MRI within the next 24 hours, we evaluated frequency, determinants, and outcomes of HARM sign.

 Results
 : Among 81 patients meeting study criteria, age was 71.0 (SD 19.7), 58% female, mean NIHSS was 14.5 (SD 6.8), and time from last known well to treatment was 355 min (IQR 206.5 ‐ 664). HARM sign was observed in 64% (52/81) of patients. On multivariate logistic analysis, presence of HARM sign was independently associated with greater periventricular white matter hyperintensity, higher pre‐EVT ischemic core volume, more proximal target vessel occlusion, and achievement of successful reperfusion or better. Hemorrhagic conversion was seen in 31.8% of patients with HARM sign and 26.7% of patients without HARM sign. Multivariate analysis identified higher blood glucose, lower ASPECT, score and greater post‐EVT ischemic core volume as independent predictors of hemorrhagic conversion. HARM sign was identified to correlate with poor clinical outcome in bivariate analysis, but multivariate analysis only identified less neurological deficits, lower baseline systolic BP, lower degree of periventricular white matter hyperintensities, shorter time to device deployment and reduced post EVT ischemic core volume as independent predictors of good clinical outcome (mRS 0–2) upon discharge.

 Conclusions
 : The HARM sign indicating disruption of the blood‐brain barrier following EVT is common, present in about 6 of every 10 treated patients. Independent risk factors for HARM sign are chronic ischemic microangiopathy, greater acute ischemic core, and successful reperfusion. HARM sign presence is associated with worse functional outcome.


Methods of enhanced oil recovery in general and surfactant-polymer flooding in particular are considered as tertiary methods for the development of mature oil fields in Western Siberia, with the potential to increase oil recovery to 60-70% of the initial geological reserves.
To select an effective mixture of surfactants and polymer for surfactantpolymer flooding, laboratory tests were carried out in which the thermal stability, phase behaviour, interfacial tension and rheology of the formulations were tested. Filtration experiments were also carried out to optimize the volumes of injected fringes and the concentrations of reagents in them. At the final stage, single well chemical tracer tests (SWCTT) were carried out to assess the effectiveness of surfactant-polymer flooding on two wells of the Kholmogorskoye field. In order to investigate different technical and economic models of surfactant-polymer exposure, SWCTT tests were conducted with the same surfactant, but with a different design. The results of the SWCTT tests showed that the residual oil saturation in the affected area after injection of the surfactant-polymer solution decreased by about 11% compared to water flooding, which is about a third of the residual oil after flooding. The tested surfactant showed acceptable efficiency under suboptimal temperature conditions, which is favorable for the use of the selected surfactant-polymer composition for neighboring deposits and formations with different reservoir temperatures, but similar water composition.
In general, the results of the conducted field tests correlate with the results of the main laboratory experiments for the selected surfactant.


(ProQuest Information and Learning: ... denotes formula omitted.) (ProQuest Information and Learning: ... denotes non-USASCII text omitted.) And a man from among the courtiers of Saul was there on that day, detained before the Lord, and his name was Doeg the Edomite, ... of Saul. (1 Sam 21:8) The unique term ... has perplexed scholars since medieval times. Literally, the term means "the mighty one of the herdsmen" or "chief among the shepherds."1 There are two problems with this title: (1) The nature of this official's functions requires explanation. (2) What is the link (if any) between Doeg's title and his activities in 1 Sam 21-22? Doeg informs Saul of the contacts between David and Ahimelech and then acts as executioner of Ahimelech and eighty-five of his fellow priests. Informing the king about disloyal individuals and carrying out executions would not seem to fall within the sphere of responsibility of a chief herdsman. I. Medieval Jewish Approaches The medieval Jewish commentators respond to both of these problems. In his commentary on 1 Sam 21:8, Kimhi interprets according to the philological sense of ..., commenting "...: the greatest of Saul's herdsmen and chief over them." But he interprets the statement ... in 22:9 to mean "chief over all of Saul's courtiers," thereby explaining why Doeg was made responsible for the executions. As chief of Saul's retinue, Doeg could conceivably have been responsible for executions. Rashi, in contrast, comments that Doeg was chief of Saul's judicial court.2 This midrashic explanation, unrelated to the meaning of the term ... seems to be an attempt to explain why Doeg was made responsible for the deaths of the priests.3 A later attempt to explain the phrase in accordance with both the term's meaning and the role Doeg plays can be found in Isaiah di Trani's commentary: "the chief of his officials."4 Like Rashi and Kimhi, di Trani deems it necessary to see Doeg as something other than Saul's chief pastoralist. At the same time, he seeks a philologically tenable interpretation: he interprets the word ... as "officials," citing Zech 10:3 as support. But while the word "shepherd" is often used in the Bible (and elsewhere in the ancient Near East) to designate the king,5 and ... is sometimes used to refer to king and princes,6 di Trani's suggestion seems unlikely in 1 Sam 21:9. First, the term both in the Bible and in ancient Near Eastern sources usually refers to persons of royal birth, most often to the person of the king, rather than to other officials of the royal court. Second, in the Bible ... is a poetic term and it seems unlikely to have been used in the prosaic context found in 1 Sam 21:8, in the title of a royal official. In biblical prose, ... always means shepherds. II. Conjectural Textual Emendation Modern biblical scholars have been similarly perplexed both by the seemingly unusual title and by the incongruity between the title and Doeg's actions. In 1874, Heinrich Graetz suggested emending the text to read .... He postulated that the ... who appear in 1 Sam 22:17, who seem to fulfill a military role and are initially asked to kill the priests of Nob, were in fact headed by Doeg. His translation "die Oberste von Saul's Leibwache"7 reflects his view that they formed Saul's bodyguards. The idea that the ... served as the king's bodyguards can be supported by 1 Kgs 14:27, where they seem to fill this function, and also by 2 Kgs 11:11. Graetz's suggestion seems to explain the connection between Doeg's title and his actions. This suggestion was enthusiastically adopted by Wilhelm Nowack, S. R. Driver, and others.8 Driver writes: 'byr is not chief (RV), but mighty, which, however, does not well agree with h...ro...im, might or heroism hardly being a quality which in a shepherd would be singled out for distinction. Read with Graetz h...r...im for h...rOc;ro...im, "the mightiest of Saul's runners" or royal escort. …


The Russo-Japanese War which lasted from 1904 to 1905 was a fierce fight between Russia and Japan aiming at china and Korean's territory as well as the hegemony in Far East.It is acknowledged that those foreign policies of Russia and Japan,in accompany with the international configuration at that age,shaped a string of power and finally led to the war.This thesis will give a concise introduction and analysis of these related factors in order to verify the historical inevitably of this war.


Sir: Assessment of oestrogen receptor (ER) status of breast carcinoma is essential for planning the management of the disease and comparing outcome in clinical trials. This assessment is carried out now in all centres by immunohistochemistry and usually a semiquantitative score is given to indicate how ER poor or rich the tumour is. Originally, McCarty's H scoring system was in wide use, but more recently a different scoring system has been introduced under the name of Allred or quick score. This has gained wide acceptance, but there are some centres that still use the H score. As it is not uncommon for patients to be referred from one centre to another for postoperative treatment, or for ER data to be gathered from several centres involved in clinical trials, some using the H score and some the Allred score, the question usually arises (for oncologists and histopathologists) how to convert one score to another to streamline the results. Below is a brief description of the two scoring methods and a conversion table (Table 1). However, it should be noted that the two systems are not strictly equivalent and do not translate precisely, and. as can be seen in Table 1, there are cases that would be considered weakly positive by Allred but negative by the H score. The H score is calculated by multiplying the percentage of positive cells by a factor representing the intensity of immunoreactivity (1 for weak, 2 for moderate and 3 for strong), giving a maximum score of 300 (3+). Originally, a score of <50 was considered negative ()) and a score of 50–100 was considered weakly positive (1+). However, many centres now have lowered the threshold and only cases scoring <10 are considered negative, with those scoring between 10 and 100 being weakly positive. This was done as a result of data suggesting response to hormone therapy with lower levels of reactivity. This cut-off value of 10 is used in Table 1. A score of 101–200 is moderately positive (2+) and a score of 201–300 is strongly positive (3+).


In their retrospective review, Li et al1 have described the medium-term clinical and radiological results of Zweymüller-Plus total hip arthroplasty (THA) in 185 Chinese patients (207 hips). The articulation size was 28 mm, with conventional ultra-highmolecular-weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) over the acetabular side and third-generation alumina ceramics on the femoral side. Due to the number of patients lost to follow-up and other reasons, the final numbers of patients and hips available for analysis were 156 and 175, respectively. The mean duration of follow-up was 14.1 years. The series comprised both primary and revision THA cases. One should be aware of the complexity of the latter and that their results may not be directly comparable with the former. All the surgeries were performed before the year 2000, when UHMWPE was still widely used around the world. The authors reported satisfactory clinical outcomes.1 Two out of 175 hips were revised, making the true revision rate of 1.1%, excluding those who were lost to follow-up. Two hips were found to have excessive polyethylene wear, although the authors did not define 'excessive'. Osteolysis or radiolucent lines were detected in 4% of the femora and 1.7% of the acetabula. There are three major limitations in this study in terms of measuring polyethylene wear and survival analysis. First, the method used to measure UHMWPE liner wear in the study was imprecise, as admitted by the authors. The modern standard of measuring wear requires the use of computer software based on the concentricity of the hip ball and liner.2 Second, the authors mentioned that their desired acetabular component position was 45° ± 10° of abduction and 15° ± 10° of anteversion. However, they did not reveal the mean postoperative angles, although malpositioning of the acetabular component is a known risk factor of excessive polyethylene wear. Third, the high number of patients lost to follow-up (13.5%) might have underestimated the revision rate and overestimated the overall survival of the prostheses. Chiu et al3 reported the results of THA in patients below 40 years of age and found UHMWPE wear and osteolysis in 56% of the hips with 28-mm Hong Kong Med J 2017;23:417–8 DOI: 10.12809/hkmj175070


Simple Summary This paper explores why it is ethical to rehome all healthy laboratory animals after the experiments have finished. We describe our own rehoming experience from the joint Ani-mal Welfare Body of Utrecht University and the University Medical Centre Utrecht, the Nether-lands. During a pilot period, over 350 animals were successfully rehomed. Now, rehoming in our lab is a standard policy and common practice. We discuss several challenges and our responses to those through the continuous evaluation of this adoption program. Abstract This paper explores the ethical imperative of rehoming all healthy animals of sentient species after experiments have finished or when they have become otherwise redundant. We take into account disparate perspectives in animal ethics and see how they point in the same direction. We illustrate our case with our own rehoming experience from the joint Animal Welfare Body of Utrecht University and the University Medical Centre Utrecht, the Netherlands. The primary pilot proved successful, after which the principle of rehoming became standing policy and common practice. We discuss several challenges and our responses to those through continuous evaluation of the adoption program.


A novel concept of chemical vapor deposition that uses a simple atomic adsorbate as a catalytic surfactant is introduced and demonstrated for deposition of copper thin films from CuI(hfac)(vtms). A submonolayer of iodine atoms adsorbed on the copper film surface catalyzes the surface reaction to reduce the activation energy from 15.3 kcal/mol for the uncatalyzed deposition to 6.1 kcal/mol. As a result, the growth rate is enhanced by as much as ∼100 times and deposition is possible even at 50 °C with a rate of 250 A/min. The product analysis by gas chromatography−mass spectroscopy reveals that on an I-adsorbed surface CuI(hfac)ad further dissociates into Cu and (hfac)ad by interacting with an Iad atom, and (hfac)ad subsequently recombines to desorb as (hfac)2. For the uncatalyzed deposition, the disproportionation reaction between two [CuI(hfac)]ad complexes was confirmed. Iodine adatoms also act as a segregating surfactant to suppress the surface roughness, allowing deposition of 1 μm thick films with a r...


This study aims to determine whether Price Earning Ratio (PER), Debt Equity Ratio (DER), and Return on Equity (ROE) partially affect stock prices. The data used in this study is secondary data taken from the official website of the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The sample in this study was 15 companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) at sharia index Jakarta Islamic Index (JII) for three years, namely in 2017-2019. The data analysis technique used is panel data regression using EViews 9. The results of this study indicate that PER, DER, and ROE partially affect stock prices.


University students in various disciplines need to undergo internship training in external organizations to gain real-world experience, preparing them for job markets. One of the important tasks in this internship management for the university is to provide suitable allocation between students and organizations (e.g., companies and institutes) based on their preferences. To find the best allocation, organizations can arrange interview sessions with candidate students. In this paper, we propose a framework for Intern-Organization Interview (101) matching to facilitate the internship allocation process. We formulate an optimization problem to minimize interview time by scheduling and matching students and organizations. Moreover, we introduce a software tool for 101 matching. We experiment and evaluate the software with two real datasets from Chiang Mai University and also synthesis data for complicated scenarios.


Lipid rafts, also described as detergent insoluble or resistant membranes (DRM), are highly organized membrane microdomains containing glycosphingolipids, saturated phospholipids and arrayed cholesterol [1]. Platelets activated by physiological agonists or by cold temperature show, using a fluorescent dye, the visible presence of lipid-rafts [2]. Are lipid-rafts the missing integrating link that shows the essential role of lipids, in particular cholesterol, in platelet functions? Evidence, shown by a number of studies, is now steadily building up to indicate that lipid-rafts in activated platelets act as foci that integrate adhesion and signaling molecules. Platelet adhesion and aggregation are a consequence of the activation of these molecules. This development runs in parallel with similar observations in leukocytes, where incorporation of integrins into rafts has been shown to be essential for their adhesive function [3]. To date, the presence and function of a few of the major platelet adhesion molecules in lipid-rafts have been investigated. Indeed, a major adhesion molecule complex Ib-IX-V, that is highly palmitoylated, expresses few copies in rafts (detergent insoluble fractions) when platelets are not activated. However, on stimulation with von Willebrand factor (VWF), the number of copies of this glycoprotein (GP) complex is increased 6-fold, a change that is likely to play a key role in mediating the interactions and activation of platelets on the vessel wall. In such lipid-rafts the GP Ib-IX-V complex was also observed to be associated with Fc receptor Fcgamma(g)RIIA. The functional relevance of such lipid–raft mediated association, between the GP complex and Fc receptor FcgRIIA, is shown by the inhibition of shear-induced platelet aggregation when using antibodies directed against FcgRIIA. Moreover, events affecting the raft stability, such as depleting membrane cholesterol, appear to directly affect the GP Ib-IX-V complex functional capacity to respond to VWF. Restoration of tyrosine phosphorylation and functional capacity of the complex to respond to VWF, under static or shear stress conditions, occurs with partial restoration of membrane cholesterol. The GP Ib-IX-V complex acts as a receptor to factor (F)IX on thrombin activated platelets [1]. However, recent results indicate that FIX, in activated platelets, is associated with lipid rafts. An anti-GPIb antibody (SZ-2) that inhibits the binding FIX to the GPIb-IX-V complex was also observed to affect FIX–raft interactions. Cholesterol depletion affecting raft integrity prevented the binding of FIX to rafts [4]. Another major membrane glycoprotein associated to lipid-raft, in activated but not resting platelets, is GP VI. The collagen receptor GPVI associates with the Fc receptor g-chain in a complex which also includes the Src family kinases and the signaling molecule LAT, and acts in immunoreceptor-like manner in transducing signals. GPVI is associated to lipid-rafts only if the Fc receptor g-chain is simultaneously present and platelets activated with agonists such as convulxin [5,6]. Disruption of the lipid-rafts by cholesterol depletion, using methylbeta-cyclodextrin in a similar manner as the above described studies for the GPIb-IX-V complex, strongly inhibits GPVIFcRg induced signaling via tyrosine phosphorylation, and consequent platelet aggregation and secretion [7,8]. In this issue of the Journal, Heijnen and coauthors [9] used a tag, a non-cytolytic derivative of perfringolysin-O, which bound selectively to cholesterol-rich membrane domains. This was done in tandem with immuno-electron and confocal microscopy so as to follow lipid-rafts during platelet activation. This tagging approach to monitor lipid-rafts in living cells had previously been used successfully in human epidermoid carcinoma A431 cells [10]. A uniform distribution of lipid-rafts on the internal membranes of alpha-granules, dense granules, multivesicular bodies and cell surface was observed in resting platelets. In contrast, in platelets adhering to immobilized fibrinogen, the lipid-rafts were observed at the edge of spreading platelets and on the tips of filipodia. A similar distribution of lipid-rafts on the tips of filipodia was observed with platelets stimulated by the thrombin receptor activating peptide (TRAP). Immunofluorescent double staining and immuno-electron microscopy showed a high concentration of the tetraspanin CD63, b3 integrin and tyrosine-kinase c-Src, but practically no GPIb, on filipodia tips colocalized with lipid-rafts. However, GPIb, CD63, b3 integrin and c-Src were isolated biochemically and recovered in rafts Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis, 1: 1142–1143


Radiological concerns from airborne radionuclides produced in the air region of the collimation section of the NLC Beam Delivery System were evaluated. The worker exposure during access after accelerator shutdown and the general public dose from radioactivity released to environment through ventilation system were studied. The FLUKA Monte Carlo code was used to calculate the fluence of particles (photon, neutron, proton and pion) in the air region. The production of activities for H, Be, C, N, O, and Ar was then estimated by folding the particle fluence with various nuclear cross sections. Under the operational condition of twelve accesses per year, the activity concentrations of radionuclides at the end of 1-month operation were compared with the corresponding Derived Air Concentration limits. Assuming that the air activity was released to a meteorological and ecological environment that is the same as SLAC, the effluent dose to the general public was estimated with the CAP88 computer code using conservative and realistic input parameters. The results show that, with a 500-GeV, 10kW beam loss at collimator section, the radiological consequence from the air activation was found to be minor. The main concern comes from the short-half-life radioisotopes of N and O (produced mainly by photons) and Ar (produced mainly by thermal neutron). The hazards can be mitigated by means of decay (e.g., wait one hour prior to entry to tunnel or the operation of ventilation system) or adding local shielding.


Notably, most studies on culture present it as an unproblematic collective phenomenon, that is, as a form of property that belongs to the entirety of society as suggested in both classical and more recent definitions. For example, it is seen as 'that complex whole which includes knowledge, belief, art, morals, law, custom and any other capabilities and habits required by man as part of society' (Tylor 1956). Recent definitions concur with Tylor's classical definition and notion that culture belongs to all members of society and facilitates the social reproduction of society. Tischler (1993) posits that culture is 'basically a blue-print for living in a particular society'. The fact that all societies are stratified according to age, power, property and status (Tumin 1985) is often neglected in most studies on culture, and prominence is accorded to the harmony and social cohesion generated by culture.


As the robot technology advances rapidly, autonomous mobile robots will be used in the many fields of our society. Moreover, the traffic accident and heavy traffic have been the serious problems as the cars increase in number. Recently the automatic driving technology called AHS (automated Highway System) has attracted this attention. The ultrasound sensor system is wisely used in engineering field such as the external environmental sensors for autonomous mobile robots due to their small size and robust construction. An introduction of such system into cars AHS is expected. However, the conventional sensor system is limited to measure only the distance of the object at the reflection time of the ultrasound. It is thought that an efficient and high performance ultrasound sensor system is necessary for the detection and avoidance of the obstacles. In this paper, we develop a new type of high performance ultrasound sonar system of ultrasound waves with several feature cycle is transmitted to the object, and the reflection wave form is analyzed with respect to the frequency. As a result, the system can measure even surface in ruggedness condition, moving velocity and respective direction of movement simultaneously over the conventional sensor system. Figure 1(a) shows transmitted ultrasound wave form of proposed sensor system. And Figure 1(b) shows the processing flow of the sensor system. The system transmits a series of ultrasounds which are featured as the ultrasound with the frequency 40kHz in the first 2msec, and that for 50μsec (i.e., one wavelength) of 20kHz. The moving velocity and the direction of the object are calculated from several cycles in the reflection wave in the constancy part of the frequency of 40kHz to which 2msec is continuously outputted by the Doppler effect. The reflection wave is detected, and the frequency is analyzed every minute time, and the reflection time of the ultrasound of 20kHz output for one wavelength is detected at the same time. As a result, a number the ruggedness on the distance of the object and the surface and each depth can be calculated. Fig.2(a) shows the outline of relative velocity experiment, while Fig.2(b) shows experiment results. The experiment measured the passing speed when the object body was made to approach the sensor system from 3.0cm/sec at the speed of 51.1cm/sec. The error margin in the mean value of ten measurement at each access speed is within 5% though measurements. Fig.3(a) shows outline of ruggedness detection experiment of moving object. The object body made of hard paper with convex difference part 1 of width 8cm (L1) and depth 3.5cm (H1) and convex difference parts 2 of width 7cm (L2) and depth 1.5cm (H2) as a measuring object of 60cm in height and 26cm (L3) in width was used. Fig.3(b) is development of the power spectrum change in 20kH pulse wave on the axis of time. The peak has been detected in the spectrum in three places each distance 78.2cm (D1), 79.9cm (D2), and 81.6cm (D3). It is understood that the distance of the detected peak point in three places shows the actual surface of the object ruggedness and corresponds to a relative distance with the sensor system. (a) Transmitted ultrasound (b) Processing flow of sensor system


A psychoacoustic study was performed to determine speech discrimination performance in several noise conditions with the use or non-use of industrial hearing protection. The independent variables included: (1) subject hearing configuration (unoccluded and earplug-, earcap-, or earmuff-occluded), noise intensity level (60, 83 dBA), and noise spectral type (low frequency, white, high frequency). Subjects' hearing level was used as a blocking variable. All factors were found to significantly influence speech discrimination performance, as measured using phoneme scoring. These are discussed in some detail in the paper.


"In this book we find...the language and concepts, as well as the paradigms and philosophical and epistemological categories, that open up to us a new dimension of thought—the realm of that middle ground in which we study the ineffable effably and contextualize what is noetic, bringing into reach what lies beyond the normal parameters of our cognitive and dianoetic reach. ...It is not only a trenchantly insightful treatise on sacred space, with implications...for Orthodox theological studies; beyond this, its methodological approach addresses the universal need for a model in which to study all of those issues of an ontological and existential kind that intersect with matters of importance in the theological realm. ...[T]his is not simply a book about a certain subject; it is also a discourse on discoursiveness itself and an exercise in intellectual investigation which...transcends its own purpose and scope in its greater heuristic utility, both conceptually and methodologically."


Witebsky's criteria for autoimmune diseases were used for decades since 1957. His postulates are: 1. Direct demonstration of free circulating antibodies active at body temperature 2. Recognition of the specific antigen 3. Production of antibodies against same antigen in experimental animals 4. Experimental animal demonstrates same tissue changes in human. More updated and applicable criteria for autoimmune disorders are required due to recent advance in molecular immunology. Here, I propose new criteria. Possible criteria is HLA association. Probable criteria is HLA association plus TH subtype restriction without pathogen. Definite criteria is experimentally reproducible by autoantibody or self reactive T cell transfer. Optional criteria is Clinical or pathology clues. This new criteria is more practical. It should help to explore the actual disease pathophysiology and lead to better diagnosis and treatment strategies.


Abstract I study score-driven models for modelling high persistence dependence between financial volatility series. I model this persistence dependence with two components, one for the long memory and the other for the short-term process. The addition of components offers a parsimonious solution for modelling high persistence and also allows for a short-term component for the transient shocks. I apply the model to emerging equities in the Americas. The estimates are robust to the advent of the pandemic. In addition, data resampling and marginal alternatives deliver similar parameter estimates. The proposed two-component model improves the in-sample diagnostics and generates more accurate out-of-sample forecasts.


Preparation of potential insect antijuvenile hormone agents with 15-crown-5 and 18-crown-6 moieties connecting the C-6 and C-7 positions of the 2 H-chromene ring of precocenes is described.


In order to realize the behavior of two-phase flow in an inclined rectangular channel with 90̊ bend for various vertical lengths, an experimental investigation has performed. The test section (a chanel with 30 m length) contains two horizontal parts and a middle vertical section. Three vertical lengths of 50, 100 and 150 cm were utilized along the test section. The cross section of the rectangular channel is 10 cm × 15 cm. Air and water were the fluids used in this work. Various flow patterns are created by varying the volumetric flow-rates of gas and liquid; the air and water flow rates were in the range of 2 to 10 𝑚 3 ℎ⁄ and 34 to 235 𝑚 3 ℎ⁄ , respectively. The high speed video system was utilized to achieve image subsequence of the flow under various conditions. The effects of vertical length on flow regimes and pattern transition borders are examined. According to the flow visualization, no vortex was observed in the vertical section. The significant flow regime in the vertical section is churn flow regime. It is concluded that the flow pattern structures are not greatly affected by changing the vertical length.


The study has assessed the denitrification performance of fermented and dark-fermented biosolids as external carbon sources using lab-scaled Sequencing Batch Reactors (SBRs). This was done by adding fermented and dark-fermented biosolids into anoxic zones of two SBRs, and then assessing the change of effluent characteristics comparing to before adding and to a third controlled reactor. The results showed that by adding 150-170 mg rbCOD/L of either of the selected fermented biosolids, almost complete denitrification could be reached for tested SBRs (reduced from initial ~20 mg NO3/L to < 1 mg NO3/L). Finally, the experiment also found that the impact of NH4 components of fermented and dark-fermented biosolids onto the final effluent were much lesser than expected, where only less than 2.5 mg NH4/L were detected in the effluent, much lower than the added 5.0-5.7 mg/L.


The electromagnetic behaviors of SMES (Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage) magnets, the eddy current distributions and the eddy current losses generated in the conducting parts driven by the time-varying currents, during charging (discharging) to (from) the coil, have been modeled through test models. Some valuable results concerned in electromagnetic design are presented.


The inhalation of scarf pin is a phenomenon increasingly common in countries where women wear the veil and whose consequences can be grave. The aim of this study is to emphasize the danger of holding this object in the mouth and to describe through a retrospective study the diagnostic, the clinical features and the management of 24 cases of inhalation of this foreign body. Results : All cases were young veiled women aged between 13 and 23 years, all victims of accidental inhalation of a metal pin. The most frequently reported symptom was cough in 58% of cases. Chest radiography helped confirm diagnosis and guide the location of the foreign body which was in equal frequency at the right and left bronchial tree (46%) and 8% in the trachea. Flexible bronchoscopy, performed by first intention in all our patients, helped to locate the pin in 19 cases and its extraction in five cases. Rigid bronchoscopy was then performed in 14 patients but one case ended in failure hence the indication of its surgical extraction. The spontaneous expulsion was noted in five cases. Conclusion: the inhalation of pin is a pulmonary emergency where endoscopy occupies a primordial place. Prevention remains the best treatment.


A mock circulation system has been used to examine the metabolic and hemodynamic responses of untrained and trained latissimus dorsi muscle in a normal animal model. The metabolic response of untrained latissimus dorsi to differing stimulation regimes runs parallel to its mechanical performance. The ratio of power generated to oxidative capacity (a measure of metabolic efficiency) was maintained to a greater extent in muscle trained for 5 months subjected to specific fatigue tests, falling by only 20% (as opposed to 80% observed in untrained control muscle). This approach to studying metabolic and hemodynamic performance may have relevance when skeletal muscle is used for cardiac assistance.


This paper carried out the research works on the meshing pair of the secondary enveloping line with double ellipse shape surface in the single screw compressor.It gave a new shape surface equation,as well as described the theory of the secondary enveloping with double ellipse shape surface.In the analysis of calculation results by graphic representation,the process of designing and the technology of processing of the meshing pair of single screw compressor was well explained.Compared with straight line and cylindrical(Frustum of a cone)line,as the secondary enveloping line with double ellipse shape surface is worth that key developing and promoting of new meshing line in the future.


Compus network is the critical point to the informationalized construction of a college ,in the course of the network construction ,the choice of the main network technique is to affect its advanced level and supportive degree to the application of various network multimedia .Based on the developing trend of network,this article makes an analysis and comparison on ATM technique and the exchange technique of the developing billion Ethemet,as well as some issues which needs more attention while upgrading a network.


References 1 Argenziano G, Zalaudek I, Corona R et al. Vascular structures in skin tumors: a dermoscopy study. Arch Dermatol 2004; 140: 1485–1489. 2 Mart ın JM, Bella-Navarro R, Jord a E. Vascular patterns in dermoscopy. Actas Dermosifiliogr 2012; 103: 357–375. 3 Zalaudek I, Kreusch J, Giacomel J, Ferrara G, Catrical a C, Argenziano G. How to diagnose nonpigmented skin tumors: a review of vascular structures seen with dermoscopy: part I. Melanocytic skin tumors. J Am Acad Dermatol 2010; 63: 361–374. 4 Zalaudek I, Kreusch J, Giacomel J, Ferrara G, Catrical a C, Argenziano G. How to diagnose nonpigmented skin tumors: a review of vascular structures seen with dermoscopy: part II. Nonmelanocytic skin tumors. J Am Acad Dermatol 2010; 63: 377–386. 5 Zalaudek I, Argenziano G, Leinweber B et al. Dermoscopy of Bowen's disease. Br J Dermatol 2004; 150: 1112–1116. 6 Hu SC, Chiu HH, Chen GS, Ke CL, Cheng ST. Dermoscopy as a diagnostic and follow-up tool for pigmented Bowen's disease on acral region. Dermatol Surg 2008; 34: 1248–1253. 7 Chernoff KA, Marghoob AA, Lacouture ME, Deng L, Busam KJ, Myskowski PL. Dermoscopic findings in cutaneous metastases. JAMA Dermatol 2014; 150: 429–433. 8 Carmeliet P, Jain RK. Angiogenesis in cancer and other diseases. Nature 2000; 407: 249–257. 9 Giovagnorio F, Valentini C, Paonessa A. High-resolution and color Doppler sonography in the evaluation of skin metastases. J Ultrasound Med 2003; 22: 1017–1022. 10 Zetter BR. Angiogenesis and tumor metastasis. Annu Rev Med 1998; 49: 407–424.


[1] The recent development of foraminiferal Mg/Ca as a paleotemperature proxy has enabled the extraction of global ice volume and local salinity from the more traditional paleotemperature proxy δ18O. The benthic foraminiferal genus Cibicidoides is widely used in paleoceanographic reconstructions because of its epifaunal habitat and cosmopolitan distribution, and it has received early attention in Mg/Ca work. However, existing temperature calibrations for Cibicidoides rely heavily on C. pachyderma core top data from one location, Little Bahamas Bank, where authigenic processes and/or reworking may result in elevated warm water Mg/Ca values. Here we present new C. pachyderma Mg/Ca data from a series of 29 high-quality multicore tops collected in the Florida Straits, spanning a temperature range of 5.8–18.6°C. In contrast to previous calibrations, we find no evidence for a strongly exponential response to temperature. The data are best explained by a linear relationship, with a sensitivity of 0.12 mmol mol−1 per °C.


Straits and seaways are fundamental connectors of oceans, seas and more rarely lakes. They are ubiquitous in the modern geography, and should be common in ancient landscapes. We compare their characteristics to improve our understanding of these features, and with the aim to better define their geological use.
 We review geomorphological, oceanographic, geological and depositional characteristics based on well-documented modern and ancient examples, with a stronger focus on the rock record.

 "Strait" and "seaway" are differentiated by their spatial and temporal scale. This influences the type and persistence of oceanographic circulation and sediment distribution.
 Straits
 are individual depositional systems, with predictable bedform and facies changes along the sediment transport pathway, whereas
 seaways
 are larger and longer-lived physiographic domains, composed of numerous depositional systems. Therefore, their stratigraphic signature in the rock record should be significantly different. We conclude that straits and seaways are end members of a
 continuum
 , giving rise to the occurrence of intermediate cases with transitional characteristics. The distinctive geological usage of the terms 'straits' and 'seaways', even without sharp boundaries between end members, may be helpful for predicting their occurrence, stratigraphy, paleogeography, biota distribution, and potential distribution of reservoirs and seals for fossil resources and CO
 2
 storage.

 Supplementary material at
 https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.6299324


A controllable and reversible transition of volatile and non-volatile resistive switching is presented in Ag/indium-gallium-zinc oxide (IGZO)/manganese oxide (MnO)/Pt bilayer resistive memory devices. The coexistence of volatile and non-volatile switching characteristics was demonstrated by controlling the current compliance during the SET process. With lower current compliance (<50 μA), the formation of an unstable conducting filament presented typical diode-like non-volatile switching. A reversible transition from volatile to non-volatile switching could be obtained by applying a higher current compliance (≥50 μA). Moreover, highly uniform multistate memory characteristics were achieved by modulating the current compliance in the non-volatile switching region. The coexistence of volatile and multistate non-volatile resistive switching behaviors with a reversible transition demonstrates the capability of developing a selector element for crossbar arrays and the application for next generation multistate high-density storage with the same Ag/IGZO/MnO/Pt device.A controllable and reversible transition of volatile and non-volatile resistive switching is presented in Ag/indium-gallium-zinc oxide (IGZO)/manganese oxide (MnO)/Pt bilayer resistive memory devices. The coexistence of volatile and non-volatile switching characteristics was demonstrated by controlling the current compliance during the SET process. With lower current compliance (<50 μA), the formation of an unstable conducting filament presented typical diode-like non-volatile switching. A reversible transition from volatile to non-volatile switching could be obtained by applying a higher current compliance (≥50 μA). Moreover, highly uniform multistate memory characteristics were achieved by modulating the current compliance in the non-volatile switching region. The coexistence of volatile and multistate non-volatile resistive switching behaviors with a reversible transition demonstrates the capability of developing a selector element for crossbar arrays and the application for next generation multistate ...


Water diffusion through low density polyethylene (LDPE) film was investigated by attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy and two-dimensional correlation spectroscopy (2DCOS) over a temperature range of 25–80 °C. The 2DCOS spectra of water diffusion in LDPE at different temperatures were very similar. The broad OH stretching vibration (ν(OH)) was split into four bands assigned to three different types of water molecules, namely, bulk water, cluster water, and free water, which will be defined. It appeared that as water molecules disperse in LDPE, cluster water with moderate hydrogen bonds diffused faster than bulk water with strong hydrogen bonds. Additionally, the hydrogen bonds between water molecules may have been further weakened or even broken to form free water, possibly due to limited free volume. On the basis of a Fickian model, the diffusion coefficients could be calculated from overall, fast and slow diffusion process, respectively. The diffusion coefficien...


The invention relates to a method for driving at least one unformatted processing means (110, 120, 130, 140) of a processing machine (100) for processing a processing material (101), wherein the processing machine (100) at least one driven transport means (102, 103, 104) for transporting the processing material and an associated motion controller means (160), wherein the at least one free format machining device (110, 120, 130, 140) with the movement control means (160) via a data connection (190), said at least one value (v 140) wherein the data transmission is not performed in real time is used.


The internal components of a smart building interact through a compatible fabric and logic. A smart building integrates systems, structure, services, management, and their interrelationships to create a dynamic and cost-efficient environment. Smart buildings reduce the amount of cooling and heating load required to cool and heat spaces, thereby lowering operating costs and energy consumption without sacrificing occupant comfort. Smart structures are an Internet of Things (IoT) concern. The Internet of Things is a global network that virtualizes commonplace objects. The Internet of Things infuses non-technical objects with technology. IoT development has led to the creation of new protocols based on architectures for wireless sensor networks. Energy conservation extends the life and improves the performance of these networks, while overcoming the limitations of IoT node batteries. This research seeks to develop a data transmission model for routing IoT data in smart buildings. Utilization of intelligent object clustering and particle swarm optimization (PSO), chaotic particle swarm optimization (CPSO), and fractional chaotic order particle swarm optimization (FCPSO) optimization methods. Using the proposed algorithm to minimize energy consumption in the IoT is possible due to the algorithm's ability to mitigate the problem by considering the number of parameters that can have a significant impact on performance, which is the goal of many optimization approaches.


Abstract This article analyzes, from the perspective of Samuel Huntington's hypothesis about a "clash of civilizations," the nature of the mass sexual assaults on women committed by migrants coming from non-European countries on New Year's Eve 2015 in Germany. It is argued that the fundamental cultural factor triggering this criminal behavior was the clash of a patriarchal culture of honor and Islamic ethical code with liberal Western urban culture. But the cultural factor was not isolated. The "non-cultural" factors, i.e. social, biological, psychological, demographic, and economic factors, played important role.


The subject of this study is a collection of over one hundred intaglios, cameos, seals and rings acquired by Tom and Danielle White during a diplomatic posting in Burma (Myanmar) between 1985 and 1989. (Another private collection of intaglios, seals, sealings and other objects from Burma is described briefly in the Appendix.) Twenty rings from Java, also from the White collection, have been added at the end of the catalogue. Until now the few engraved gems from Burma which have been published are scattered through periodicals or only briefly mentioned in larger works. The opportunity has been taken in the present catalogue to compare, where possible, this collection from Burma with intaglios, sealings, coins and other objects from India, Sri Lanka, Southeast Asia and elsewhere which may help to set this collection in its regional context. In Part B of the introduction brief descriptions are given of the main Pyu sites in Burma; and of the other 'Indianised' sites in Arakan and elsewhere in Southeast Asia, where engraved gems have been found.


Introduction In southern Eweland acts of individual artistic expression are called atsiã (style), a polysemous term whose aspects form the core of indigenous aesthetic discourse. For example, when evaluating an artistic work like a dress, a painting, or the performance of a song or dance sequence, one might hear comments like, "édo atsiã ɖe me" (s/he put some style inside), to describe the way the artist has idiosyncratically rendered the work based upon its known model. Since it involves tampering with recognized thematic materials, doing something with atsiã is always an audacious act that is bound to attract both favorable and unfavorable reactions. When said with a negative tone, atsiã can be used as an insult – " atsiã ko do wòle"
(S/he is just showing off!). Therefore, to facilitate writing about atsiã in English I have devised a lexicon for describing the active process of putting in style, atsiãdodo, including styling, shining, or in a negative sense showing off or bluffing. Within the realm of drumming, the primary context for the display of atsiã is during the playing of drum language conversations, ʋugbe (pl. ʋugbewo), between the lead and response drums, whose themes can be embellished, varied, or replaced with spontaneous improvisation. When drummers consciously alter the accepted form of a ʋugbe, they are said to be playing the conversation with style. Many Ewe drummers have told me that it is through atsiã that one may distinguish the hand of a great drummer, azagunɔgã. Like other aspects of Ewe music, variation and improvisation have received quite a bit of attention in Ewe music scholarship, beginning with the work of A.M. Jones, whose collaborative research with Ewe azagunɔ (chief drummer, lead drummer) Desmond Tay set a precedent for analyzing African music with the input of cultural exponents, culminating in a two-volume set of extensively annotated transcriptions of several Ewe dance-drumming genres (Jones 1959). Limitations of the era meant that Jones was only able to make single-track recordings of Tay's drumming, without the accompaniment of the drum ensemble or singers. Combined with the fact that Jones


Aim : to analyze the results of prophylactic follow-ups at the fixed periods of time of children of various age groups (younger than 1 year old, 1–14 years old and 15–17 years old) attached to Moscow municipal pediatric out-patient clinic №118 during 2007–2011 years. Patients and methods : methods of medical and mathematical statistics were used. Form № 31 «Information on medical care for children and school-aged adolescents» was used. Results : children population of the region was 10 000 on average. The data on children's physical development since their birth and their distribution among health groups on medical examinations are shown in the article.  The majority of children (both boys and girls) had normal physical development; the prevalence of such children increased during the follow-up period. The number of preterm children has been decreasing. The distribution of children among health groups has stable pattern. More than a half examined children have the second health group, about one third — the first group. The authors showed dynamics of functional deviations (hearing and vision impairment, speech disorders and poor posture) in pre-school and school children. Conclusions : determination of children among the health group has a stable pattern; yearly the amount of children and school adolescents observed in out-patient clinics has been increasing; the prevalence of revealed on prophylactic examinations disorders has been decreasing, however, in an age aspect there is an increase of children with the above-mentioned disorders.


A few pieces of carbonized rice hull were excavated from two peat-soil layers in Sorori Village located in the middle part of South Korea. The upper peat-soil layer, where the carbonized rice hull was excavated, was evaluated to be about 13,010 ± 190 years old by carbon isotope dating in Geochron Laboratories, Massachusetts, USA. The lower layer, where the carbonized quasi-rice was excavated, was estimated to be 17,310 ± 310 years old. Variation in randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) of four samples of carbonized rice and two samples of carbonized quasi-rice was studied using four DNA primers (A32, OPK-14, OPO-15, and OPN-16). Among the carbonized rice aged 13,010 years, 34.1% of the RAPD bands were the same as those of current rice and 65.9% were specific to carbonized rice. Among the carbonized quasi-rice aged 17,310 years, 38.7% of the RAPD bands were the same as those of current rice, 48.4% were the same as those of carbonized rice, and 12.9% were specific to carbonized quasi-rice. The carbonized rice and quasi-rice showed at least more than one RAPD band common to the current, indica, japonica, weedy, and wild rice. By cluster analysis based on RAPD variation, the carbonized rice and quasi-rice were classified into the same group and the current rice was categorized into another group. Genetic similarity between the ancient carbonized rice and the current rice group was around 57%.


Humans can haptically discriminate surface textures when there is a significant difference in the statistics of the surface profile. Previous studies on tactile texture discrimination have emphasized the perceptual effects of lower-order statistical features such as carving depth, inter-ridge distance, and anisotropy, which can be characterized by local amplitude spectra or spatial-frequency/orientation subband histograms. However, the real-world surfaces we encounter in everyday life also differ in the higher-order statistics, such as statistics about correlations of nearby spatial-frequencies/orientations. For another modality, vision, the human brain has the ability to utilize the textural differences in both higher- and lower-order image statistics. In this work, we examined whether the haptic texture perception can utilize higher-order surface statistics as visual texture perception does, by 3D-printing textured surfaces transcribed from different 'photos' of natural scenes such as stones and leaves. Even though the maximum carving depth was well above the haptic detection threshold, some texture pairs were hard to discriminate. Specifically, those texture pairs with similar amplitude spectra were difficult to discriminate, which suggests that the lower-order statistics have the dominant effect on tactile texture discrimination. To directly test the poor sensitivity of the tactile texture perception to higher-order surface statistics, we matched the lower-order statistics across different textures using a texture synthesis algorithm and found that haptic discrimination of the matched textures was nearly impossible unless the stimuli contained salient local features. We found no evidence for the ability of the human tactile system to use higher-order surface statistics for texture discrimination.


THE PROCESSES of growth and differentiation in multicellular plants involve changes not only in individual cells but in intercellular relationships. Young meristematic cells, all much alike in size and character, soon become differentiated into a wide variety of elements. Some remain small, others increase in volume even to several thousandfold. Some become elongated, others flattened, and others modified in various ways. How the changes which take place in one cell are related to those in neighboring cells is evidently an important problem, since it involves the more general question as to the developmental relations of cell and organism. As to how the intercellular readjustments made necessary by differentiation are brought about there is no general agreement. Several possibilities suggest themselves. (1) Cells might slide along the surfaces of their neighbors and thus alter their positions. This commonly occurs in animal development, where cells may migrate for some distance. Ever since the work of Krabbe (1886) and other early students of the problem, a number of botanists have presented evidence that such "sliding growth" occurs in plant tissues, though this has been seriously questioned by others. (2) Some cells might cease division and begin expansion while their neighbors were still dividing, and thus become relatively large and make contacts with an increased number of cells. This method is certainly operative in many cases, though by no means in all. (3) Adjustments might be brought about by differential growth within cells, one portion of a cell exactly keeping pace with a rapidly growing neighbor cell and another portion with a more slowly growing cell, so that different parts of the same cell would thus grow at different rates. Such unequal or localized growth certainly takes place in root hairs, tyloses, and other tissues where one portion of the cell is free, but is more difficult to demonstrate in cells which are surrounded by others. (4) For a brief period when cells are very young and their walls mav still be subject to surface forces, readjustments in length and relative position of the walls may take place which do not involve either sliding or differential growth in the strict sense of these terms. It is often difficult to determine by a study of sections of killed material alone (the method heretofore chiefly employed) which of these possibilities of intercellular readjustment are actually operative. To obtain convincing evidence, it is obviously necessary to make successive observations of a group of cells in their living condition as they grow and differentiate. The purpose of the present paper is to bring 1 Received for publication June 7, 1939. This investigation was carried on by the aid of a grant from the Special Fund for Research of Columbia University. forward such evidence from a study of the developing surface layer of the root in a number of species. METHODS.-One of the authors (Sinnott, 1939) has recently described a technique by which it is possible to study living plant meristems directly. Seeds of certain small-seeded grasses are grown on damp lens paper in moist chambers. The terminal root meristems are sufficiently translucent so that the cells of the outermost layer and the one directly beneath it can be observed under high magnifications. The members of a group of young meristematic cells, and of all their descendents, may be identified in this way from their earliest condition near the extreme tip of the root, through the period of cell division and cell enlargement until their final size is established and differentiation is complete, a process occupying from 24 to 48 hours. By successive camera lucida drawings made at intervals, a complete recor.d may thus be obtained of every cell in an entire cell lineage, both as to its own changes and as to its relations with neighboring cells. Roots of Phleum pratense, Poa trivialis, Sporobolus cryptandrus, and Chloris gayana were the ones chiefly studied. Aside from the fact that it can be observed in the living condition, such material has certain other advantages. The cells are rectangular and in regular longitudinal rows. Cell divisions in the surface layer (the tissue chiefly studied) are all anticlinal and with rare exceptions are at right angles to the long axis of the root. Cell enlargement is entirely in the longitudinal direction. A considerable degree of differentiation occurs, for the cells which are to develop root hairs are in many respects unlike those which do not do so. In Phleum and Poa this differentiation is more pronounced and occurs earlier than in Sporobolus and Chloris (Sinnott and Bloch, 1939). The exact points of origin of new cell walls, the increase in size of individual cells, and any alterations in the relationships between cells, can thus be studied under the simplest of conditions and can be expressed in quantitative terms. RESULTS.-The basic results can be set forth most directly by presenting a series of drawings of the same group of cells at successive intervals from early development to maturity. This has been done for a group of surface cells in two roots of Phleum pratense in figures 1, A-J, and 2, A-D. In the first drawing in each root every cell is given a number, and since a region was always chosen in which one or more distinctively shaped cells were present, the original cells or their descendants can always be identified in later drawings. After division has ceased, all the cells elongate greatly, but they show no change in their transverse dimensions. It will be observed that numerous cell divisions occur and that following the last division the apical daughter cell ordinarily develops a root hair but that the basal one


Objective To find a better procedure for brow lifting which is micro-invasive and easy to perform.Methods Brow lifting through mini incisions and employing the buried guidance suturing technique.Results From the year 2003,55 patients with drooping brows underwent brow lifting.Swelling fades away in about 1 month and the outcomes are satisfying.Conclusion Mini incision and buried guidance suturing technique can be successfully applied in brow lifting procedures.


Calculated damping and freedom vibrating frequency of bearing rotor system with prohl method.The calculation of differential coefficient of determinantal to eigenvalue is solved by magnifying the coefficient of transfer matrix.


Abstract Genetic makeup along with environmental stimuli affect the expression of a trait in plants. Drought tolerance in addition to stability of characters over a wide range of environmental conditions is not well studied in sunflower. Therefore, here we have performed a stability analysis study of sunflower genotypes. The experimental material comprised of 19 lines of sunflower comprising 9 alloplasmic cms lines from different wild sources along with one common maintainer from petiolaris source, 4 cms lines and one maintainer from cultivated source (cytoplasm from H. petiolaris), 4 restorer lines and 60 F1 hybrids (developed in line x tester design). The experiment was conducted over two years i. e. spring season 2011 and spring season 2012 over the two environments one normal irrigated and another water stress environment at Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India. The data were recorded for different morphophysiology, yield and quality trais and analysis as per standard procedures. The genotype×environment interaction was further partitioned into linear and non-linear components according to Eberhart and Russel model. Eleven sunflower hybrids were found to be stable across the environments for seed yield. While, sufficient variability was also recorded for the oil content with the highest oil percentage in the cross combination ARG-2A×P100R (34.61). Overall, this study provides useful information regarding the stability of newly developed and cytoplasmically diverse sunflower hybrids under north Indian conditions.


Propylene oxide, ethylene oxide, or a propylene oxide/ethylene oxide mixture are reacted with 1,2-phenylene diamine to form adducts having hydroxyl and amino groups. The 1,2-phenylene diamine adducts are useful in making rigid polyurethane foams, especially foams for pour-in-place applications, where they give a good combination of low k-factor and short demold times. The polyols also have unexpectedly low viscosities.


One flow condition has equal velocities at the injector exit of the central and annular jets, and the other has a higher velocity at the central jet exit. The flow configuration has a sudden expansion immediate downstream of the injector. The measurements were compared with flow prediction employing a k−e turbulence model, and reasonable agreement was obtained. The prediction, however, overestimates the rate of flow development and underestimates turbulent intensities and the length of the recirculation zone


Using multi‐task learning to extract code features can effectively increase the information of the features. However, the existing multi‐task learning methods mainly have two limitations: (1) They cannot extract enough code‐related information or only extract similar semantic features. Similar multi‐task makes the information in the features increased insufficiently. However, the high difference multi‐task is challenging to converge. (2) They cannot train multi‐task on heterogeneous datasets. In standard multi‐task training, we need to label all tasks for all data, which consumes enormous labor. To solve the above limitations, we select two high difference tasks, the cross‐language code completion task and variable misuse task, to extract expressive semantic code features. We propose an attention‐based feature fusion module to merge information among high difference tasks, avoiding the convergence dilemma of standard multi‐task learning. We propose a federated learning framework, extracting semantic information and using the feature fusion module to integrate multi‐task information among single labeled datasets. We experiment on C# and Python datasets for the code completion and variable misuse tasks. The results show that the performance of fusion features by FedMTFF improved by up to 22.6% and 15.1% compared to single tasks. We use FedMTFF to perform four cross‐language multi‐task features fusion, exceeding the current best baseline by 24.1%.


The work of E. M. L. Beale will be cited long after there are people who still remember Martin the man. Those of us who were fortunate to meet him, to work with him or just to hear him speak will recall a modest gentleman who had a deeply enquiring mind and an ability to see beyond a problem to its underlying structure. His penetrating insight often meant that he had seen a solution long before anyone else, but he frequently gave the impression of being reluctant to offer what undoubtedly was to prove to be the correct interpretation of a complex situation. This appreciation will include comments on his academic work, and also recollections from his friends and colleagues, and I am particularly grateful for help received from K. C. Bowen, Sir David Cox, Dr R. E. Machol and ProfessorS. Vajda. It will not be possible to identify all sources, but it is important to recognize that Martin made many different impressions on those whom he met. He was a deeply religious man and had a warm and close friendship with the Anglican vicar of a small church in Cornwall where he spent much of his off-duty time. Although slightly eccentric and giving the impression of being uncertain what to do with his hat or how to attract attention at a meeting, his dedication to the task in hand was complete. He was as likely to devote his time to helping a lesser mortal to understand what to him was a simple idea as to attempt to solve a hitherto unsolved mathematical problem. His Mondays were largely devoted to his appointment as a Visiting Professor to the Statistics section of the Mathematics Department at Imperial College, London, a post which he held continuously from 1967. 111 this role, he not only visited the College but gave regular lectures and supervised research students. It is difficult to find an organization related to his inter.ests which has not honoured him in some way. His society membership includes the Institute of Mathematics and its Applications, the Institute of Management Science, the Royal Statistical Society, the Institute of Statisticians, the Mathematical Programming Society, the Operational Research Society and, more especially, the Royal Society. These bodies have honoured him both by their awards and by appointing him to various senior offices. Although he served on numerous government committees, and was frequently called upon to advise on defence, education and research, it is for his written contribution to the literature of mathematical programming, computing and statistics that he will often be quoted .. His influence on the development of SCICON, a company he helped found as CEIR in 1961, will undoubtedly diminish with time, but his contribution to research in aigorithms and computing methods will not. The worlds of computing, statistics and O.R. have lost one of their main organizers and innovators of recent years. He was second Chairman of the Mathematical Programming Society, which he helped to found after the success of the first London Symposium, and later he was to be their Senior Editor. The Institute of Mathematics and its Applications and the Royal Statistical Society elected him as their Vice-President, and he was also secretary of the R.S.S. It is typical of the man that he also served as a member of the council of almost every society he joined. The O.R. Society awarded him their Silver Medal in 1980. Undoubtedly his election as a Fellow of the Royal Society in 1979 marked the pinnacle of his success. The citation indicates that the election was "for his application of mathematical and statistical techniques to industrial problems, and for his contributions to the theory of mathematical programming". In an appreciation in this journal, it is appropriate to indicate some of the breadth of this technical work. The selection of papers listed below is fairly arbitrary but does indicate that his creative work spanned more than 30 years. The one area of interest which he started and never quite finished was a book on bridge. He did, however, devise a trial bidding system. His first employment was at the Admiralty Research Laboratory, in the Mathematics Group led by Stephen Vajda. He started to contribute in 1954, when linear programming was in its infancy,


In Anton Straka's black diary, beside Lőrinc Szabo Gyorgy Sarkozi is also mentioned on the same attendance sheet with the authors of poems being recited on culture nights. The linkage of Lőrinc Szabo to the Friday nights and his participation is evident, but how was Gorgy Sarkozi engaged to these occasions and what role did he play there? How was Lőrinc Szabo's and Gyorgy Sarkozi's former career set up, and what was their relation to each other like? The name of Lőrinc Szabo and Gyorgy Sarkozi are not only connected by the memories of the culture nights. Their career practically started at the same time. They were inspiring, competitive, eternal debating partners for each other. One moment of which effectively and authentically snatched it was Lőrinc Szabo's poem entitled A bazilikaban zug a harang [The bell rings in the basilica]. In the endeavours of the author generation arising after the big war, they found an ally in each other. This is traceable in their active participation in the generation debate continued with Babits, respectively their joint action in the journal. Although the era did not leave their friendship untouched (Jew issue) and later the act of cruelty of the succeeding generations (Lőrinc Szabo's lawsuit), their publicistic writings are evidence of following closely the other's career, the peer review, and of solidarity lying close behind the lines and tone. By utilising the evidences of personal documents and correspondences, the present study makes an attempt at outlining Gyorgy Sarkozi's participation on Friday nights, respectively his relation to Lőrinc Szabo and their career start, by inviting the reader to further researches.


The thesis is focused on carbon layers as the electrode material for supercapacitors. At the beginning of thesis is focused on the issue of summary supercapacitors, their division and the principle of individual supercapacitors. Thesis also includes and describes mainly carbon materials that are used as electrode materials for EDLC supercapacitors. The main part of thesis is the preparation and testing of the various carbon materials in terms of physical characteristics of function layers. The last part is a summary of all results obtained from the experiment.


This technical note studies output feedback stabilization of nonlinear networked control systems (NCSs) under multirate sampling. Network induced constraints are modeled as norm-bounded uncertainties and a general framework for multirate nonlinear NCS design is established. Under standard continuity and consistency assumptions, we analyze dissipativity of the proposed multirate output feedback structure in the presence of channels uncertainties and disturbance inputs. Our result is then applied to preserve input-to-state stability (ISS) in a semiglobal practical sense and also to derive sufficient conditions that guarantee exponential stability of the uncertain multirate NCS in the absence of disturbances.


Biometric authentication, the process of verification using unique biological characteristics, is considered one of the most accurate technologies for authentication. It compares two or more biometric data to identify the differences among them properly. Based on the comparison between individual's biometric features and stored authorized features, it makes the decision of matched or mismatched. If the given sample of the biometric data matches with the stored one, authorization is confirmed. Nowadays, many real-time applications use biometric authentication to meet security purposes fully. However, it is difficult to implement fingerprint recognition system specially on Linux based computer. A well-known, less costly embedded computer called Raspberry Pi is used to build the entire system. Fingerprint enrollment, fingerprint recognition, photo capture, QR code generation as well as QR code reading were entirely done using python and python associated libraries. For storage management, we have used MySQL as it is convenient and open-source. This paper discusses about a quality authentication model which is highly capable and cost- effective. The authentication process consists of extracting the biometric features with ORB algorithm, matching those features using FLANN matcher, generating and validating QR code based on encrypted personal information accurately. Here, AES algorithm is used for encrypting personal data which is then converted and stored in form of QR code. Final authentication process involves both fingerprint and QR code validation. Performing two factor authentication affixes more reliability to the system.


The 1979 World Administrative Radio Conference (WARC-79) was the largest, most complex multilateral negotiation ever held in the field of telecommunications. The paper focuses on the nontechnical aspects of the Conference, including a brief history of the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) leading up to the WARC. The preparatory activities of the United States, both domestic and international, are described. A brief account of the attitudes and views of several foreign country groups during the Conference and the difficulties in selecting a Chairman is given. The results of WARC, which are in general regarded as a success, are discussed in relation to three areas: accomplishment of the broad U.S. objectives, the program of future radio conferences, and technical cooperation and assistance. Finally, the paper describes the implementation process in the United States and comments on some important implications for the future.


Stainless steel substrates of exhaust mufflers made of aluminized stainless steel can be exposed to solutions containing Al3+ ions long after the dissolution of their Al coating. This study examined the corrosion behavior of stainless steel in synthetic condensed water that contained different amounts of Al dissolution. The corrosion resistance of stainless steel in the solution containing dissolved Al3+ ions decreased. The unstable passive film contained Al oxides (or hydroxides), which decreased the protective properties of the stainless steel. The dissolved Al3+ ions in the exhaust condensed solution had a negative effect on the corrosion resistance of the stainless steel.


A dynamic Smagorinsky–Lilly model (DSLM) subgrid model on the basis of the Smagorinsky–Lilly subgrid model (SLM) was introduced in the OpenFOAM software. The flow field of the vehicle was simulated, and the pressure coefficient and sound pressure curve of the monitoring points were compared with the wind tunnel test results. The results show that the DSLM subgrid model with a wall function can achieve high simulation accuracy. The investigation of the flow field structure revealed an intermittent detachment of the turbulent vortex after the airflow passed through the rearview mirror, thereby resulting in a violent pressure pulsation on the side window around the rearview mirror. Airflow passed through the A-pillar, separated, and reattached on the upper side window, thereby producing aerodynamic noise. The research results can serve as a good reference for the simulation and test of aerodynamic noises outside the vehicle, and for the reduction of the aerodynamic noises of vehicles.


In this paper we study the regularity theory for the Poisson equation in R n under proper conditions. Furthermore, it will be verified that these conditions are optimal.


Abstract Not Available – First paragraph follows:
Conservation of soil moisture by weed control is important in the vineyards of the non-irrigated coastal valleys of northern California where heavy cover crops grow during the winter rainy season. It is essential to completely remove the cover crop growth as soon as possible after the spring rains terminate.


Two New Zealand soldiers shown leaning over a trench wall in the Messines Sector during World War I. One is taking sights with his rifle. Photograph taken May 1917 by Henry Armytage Sanders.
Other - Original print from this negative in album PA1-f-091
Inscriptions: Photographer's title on negative - bottom left: H38
Quantity: 1 b&w original negative(s).
Physical Description: Dry plate glass negative 3.25 x 4.25 inches


Defining the content of an image automatically in Artificial Intelligence is basically a rudimentary problem that connects computer vision and NLP (Natural Language Processing). In the proposed work, a generative model is presented by combining the recent developments in machine learning and computer vision based on a deep recurrent architecture that describes the image using natural language phrases. By integrating the training picture, the trained model maximizes the likelihood of the target description sentence. The efficiency of the model, its accuracy and the language it learns is only dependent on the image descriptions, which was demonstrated by experiments performed on several datasets.


Soil mass stability problems upon a mountainous hillside are usually discoveredwhen a road is under construction. Therefore a retaining wall need to beprojected. Since this is usually discovered wh ...


The Zn atom in the polymeric title complex, [Zn(C12H22O2PS2)2(C12H10N4)]n, lies on a twofold axis and exists in a distorted octahedral geometry defined by a cis-N2O4 donor set, provided by two S,S-chelating dithiophosphate ligands and two N atoms derived from two bridging dipyridyl-type ligands, each of which is disposed about a centre of inversion. The resultant polymeric structure has a zigzag topology.


A review of the literature on racial differences in body image in Black and White women indicates body image dissatisfaction is more common in White females than Black females. However, Black women are not protected from body image issues. Research on body image concerns specifically related to Black women is limited. The present study involves focus group and individual interviews conducted with 16 Black women. Data were analyzed using qualitative methodology. Results indicate 6 major themes, with shapely and curvaceous ideal body image standards within the Black community as the most prevalent theme across data sources. Therapeutic implications emphasize recognition of culture-specific ideal standards of beauty, as well as the influence of external factors such as men, family, peers, and media on Black women's self-evaluations.


We report x-ray reflectivity ~XR! and small-angle off-specular diffuse-scattering ~DS! measurements from the surface of liquid indium close to its melting point of 156 °C. From the XR measurements we extract the surface structure factor convolved with fluctuations in the height of the liquid surface. We present a model to describe DS that takes into account the surface structure factor, thermally excited capillary waves, and the experimental resolution. The experimentally determined DS follows this model with no adjustable parameters, allowing the surface structure factor to be deconvolved from the thermally excited height fluctuations. The resulting local electron-density profile displays exponentially decaying surface-induced layering similar to that previously reported for Ga and Hg. We compare the details of the local electron-density profiles of liquid In, which is a nearly free-electron metal, and liquid Ga, which is considerably more covalent and shows directional bonding in the melt. The oscillatory density profiles have comparable amplitudes in both metals, but surface layering decays over a length scale of 3.560.6 A for In and 5.5 60.4 A for Ga. Upon controlled exposure to oxygen, no oxide monolayer is formed on the liquid In surface, unlike the passivating film formed on liquid gallium. @S0163-1829~99!11701-6#


The image of the "bad" or "tough" woman has captured the imagination of many scholars over the past several decades. This essay review analyzes two new books in this genre: Tough Girls: Women Warriors and Wonder Women in Popular Culture, by Sherrie Inness, and Judith, Sexual Warrior: Women and Power in Western Culture, by Margarita Stocker. What makes Inness and Stacker's books so interesting, when considered together, is the fact that the authors provide different perspectives, not just in the scope and focus of their research, but also in their approach to the feminist the ory that undergirds much of the work in this genre.


In this review (appearing in the Special Issue on single file dynamics in biophysics and related extensions), three recently treated variants in file dynamics are presented: files with density that is not fixed, files with heterogeneous particles, and files with slow particles. The results in these files include: • In files with a density law that is not fixed, but decays as a power law with an exponent a the distance from the origin, the particle in the origin mean square displacement (MSD) scales like MSD ~ t[1+a]/2, with a Gaussian probability density function (PDF). This extends the scaling, MSD ~ t1/2, seen in a constant density file. • When, in addition, the particles' diffusion coefficients are distributed like a power law with an exponent γ (around the origin), the MSD follows MSD ~ t[1-γ]/[2/(1+a) - γ], with a Gaussian PDF. • In anomalous files that are renewal, namely, when all particles attempt a jump together, yet, with jump times taken from a PDF that decays as a power law with an exponent -1 - e, ψ(t) ~ t-1-e, the MSD scales like the MSD of the corresponding normal file, in the power e. • In anomalous files of independent particles, the MSD is very slow and scales like MSD ~ log2(t). Even more exciting, the particles form clusters, defining a dynamical phase transition: depending on the anomaly power e, the percentage of particles in clusters ξ follows , yet when e > 1, fluidity rather than clusters is seen. We talk about utilizing these results while focusing on biophysical processes and applications: dynamics in channels, membranes, biosensors, etc. Special Issue Comments: In this article, results about recently suggested variants in single file dynamics appear: heterogeneous files and slow files, yet also, the relevance with biophysical processes. It is related to the Special Issue articles about expansions in files,61 files with force,62 and the zig zag occurrences in files.63


This paper presents design calculations for experiments that measure electron densities of laser heated hohlraums with soft-x-ray moir{acute e} deflectometry. Hydrodynamical simulations of the hohlraums are analyzed to obtain deflection angles of the probing beam and x-ray emission from the hohlraum. The deflection angles and resulting moir{acute e} fringe shifts and fringe contrast are predicted to be sufficient to infer electron-density gradients from measurements. In addition, the self-emission is found to be much lower than that of the probing laser beam, giving a good signal-to-noise ratio. In conclusion, moir{acute e} deflectometry with soft-x-ray lasers has the potential to give valuable information about the electron density in laser driven hohlraums. {copyright} {ital 1998} {ital The American Physical Society}


Se‐passivated n‐GaAs(001) surfaces prepared in a metalorganic chemical vapor desposition reactor have been investigated by means of x‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, low‐energy electron diffraction, and x‐ray photoelectron diffraction. The band bending of these free surfaces was as low as ∼0.1 eV, indicating excellent passivation. It was found that Se undergoes an anion exchange reaction with As to depths of at least five atomic layers. This result suggests that the reduction of surface states is brought about by the formation of a GaAsxSe1−x/GaAs heterojunction interface of very high structural quality.


Previous bankruptcy prediction studies using multiple discriminant analysis (MDA) of financial ratios exhibit a lack of consistency both in the values of the coefficients reported and the relative importance of the various financial ratios when used in different studies. Part of this inconsistency can be attributed to the use of different sets of ratios, since no two studies used exactly the same set. Since multiple discriminant analysis coefficients are unique only up to a factor of proportionality (Eisenbeis [1977] and Ladd [1966]), the use of a different functional form of the MDA model of different subsets of a given set of financial ratios can result in different coefficient values. Apart from the selection of different ratios in the final prediction models, other methodological issues are raised by some common practices followed in bankruptcy prediction studies. For example, researchers typically pool data across different years without considering the underlying economic events in those years. Futhermore, in the development of the final prediction models, some authors consciously attempt to control for multicollinearity, whereas others ignore the issue, relying on Eisenbeis' assumption that multicollinearity is not a problem in discriminant analysis if classification accuracy is the objective (Eisenbeis [1977]). The


Species' distributions and abundances are primarily determined by the suitability of environmental conditions, including climate and interactions with sympatric species, but also increasingly by human activities. Modelling tools can help in assessing the extinction risk of affected species. By combining species distribution modelling of abiotic and biotic niches with population size modelling, we estimated the abundance of 19 lemur taxa in three regions, especially focusing on 10 species that are considered Endangered or Critically Endangered.


In sandstone and fine coarse conglomerates of the Devonian basal clastic (southern part of Moravian Karst) were found clasts of volcanic rocks. They were very fine grained to aphanitic rhyolite, porphyric rhyolite, banded rhyolite and trachyte rocks. K-feldspars in most volcanic clasts have an increased volume of BaO (0,2–1 wt. %). Biotite corresponds to annite. It was compared with a tuff horizon within the Devonian basal clastics. It has an increased volume of Ba, Sr , Y and the ratio of K/Rb. The Devonian volcanic rocks under investigation differ from petrologically and geochemically similar volcanic and subvolcanic rocks of the Brno Massif.


Matting systems used as roadways and airfields are new innovative techniques used to solve mobility problems and make it easier to get around and transport goods under different climate and traffic ...


Abstract Taking for example the Luobosa chromite deposit in Tibet combined with other deposits of the same type in the world, the paper discusses the genetic mechanism of podiform chromite deposits. The study indicates that chromite and dunite-harzburgite are both the products of different degrees of partial melting of the same primary pyrolite (spinel lherzolite) and that chromite and dunite are the end product of higher degree of partial melting.

The melting mechanism lies in the conversion of the two subgroups of pyroxenes (Cpx and Opx) into olivine and spinel respectively as a result of their incongruent melting, accompanied by regulation and reformation of accessory chrome spinel and such rock-forming minerals as Ol, Opx and Cpx, thus resulting in the close association of chromite deposits and dunite. The results of this study are of general significance for understanding the genesis of chromite deposits of the same type in the world.


Recently, creative innovation has become a major topic in management innovation and due to this, various researches on its need and methodologies are being performed. According to previous studies on ambidexterity, explorative innovation is closer to divergent and right-sided brain, while exploitative innovation is closer to convergent and left-sided brain. Topic was to identify preceding element which affects Ambidextrous Innovation. For this topic, 129 Six Sigma projects from 19 different companies were collected. Ambidextrous index from preceding studies was used. This index represents the degree of ambidextrous activation and can be calculated by multiplying cumulative usage of exploitative tools with that of explorative tools. In the project characteristics, simple linear regression result showed leadership degree, team's vitalization degree and leader capability degree have effect in positive direction.


Transient chaotic neural networks (TCNNs) have shown promise in solving optimization problems but still suffer from slow convergence and being difficult to implement in hardware. In this paper, the HP memristor is introduced to a TCNN to develop a memristor-based transient chaotic neural network (MTCNN) model that is highly efficient, converges quickly, and has significant prospects for physical implementation. The proposed MTCNN makes full use of the nonlinearity and memory-related characteristics of memristors, and their conductance values are used as self-feedback connection weights that can be adjusted dynamically according to the annealing algorithm. The MTCNN model was applied to solve combinatorial optimization problems, including the channel assignment problem (CAP) of four cells and the traveling salesman problem (TSP) of 10 cities. In 500 runs, the MTCNN algorithm delivered a 5% higher optimal solution rate than the TCNN algorithm while using only 70% of its number of iterations in the CAP, and achieved a shorter average distance and a 40% higher convergence speed than the TCNN algorithm in the TSP.Transient chaotic neural networks (TCNNs) have shown promise in solving optimization problems but still suffer from slow convergence and being difficult to implement in hardware. In this paper, the HP memristor is introduced to a TCNN to develop a memristor-based transient chaotic neural network (MTCNN) model that is highly efficient, converges quickly, and has significant prospects for physical implementation. The proposed MTCNN makes full use of the nonlinearity and memory-related characteristics of memristors, and their conductance values are used as self-feedback connection weights that can be adjusted dynamically according to the annealing algorithm. The MTCNN model was applied to solve combinatorial optimization problems, including the channel assignment problem (CAP) of four cells and the traveling salesman problem (TSP) of 10 cities. In 500 runs, the MTCNN algorithm delivered a 5% higher optimal solution rate than the TCNN algorithm while using only 70% of its number of iterations in the CAP, and ...


We propose a dynamic auction mechanism for efficiently allocating multiple heterogeneous indivisible items. These goods can be split into two distinct sets so that items in each of the two sets are substitutes but are complementary to items in the other. The seller has a reserve value for each bundle of goods. In each round of the auction, the auctioneer announces the current prices for all items, bidders respond by reporting their demands at these prices, and then the auctioneer adjusts simultaneously the prices of items in one set upwards but those of items in the other downwards. We prove that despite the fact that bidders are not assumed to be price-takers and thus can strategically exercise their market power, this dynamic auction always yields an efficient outcome and induces the bidders to bid truthfully and at the same time protects them from fully exposing their private values.


Semiconductor nano-lasers grown on silicon and emitting at the telecom bands are advantageous ultra-compact coherent light sources for potential Si-based photonic integrated circuit applications. However, realizing room-temperature lasing inside nano-cavities at telecom bands is challenging and has only been demonstrated up to the E band. Here, we report on InP/InGaAs nano-ridge lasers with emission wavelengths ranging from the O, E, and S bands to the C band operating at room temperature with ultra-low lasing thresholds. Using a cycled growth procedure, ridge InGaAs quantum wells inside InP nano-ridges grown on patterned (001) Si substrates are designed as active gain materials. Room-temperature lasing at the telecom bands is achieved by transferring the InP/InGaAs nano-ridges onto a SiO2/Si substrate for optical excitation. We also show that the operation wavelength of InP/InGaAs nano-lasers can be adjusted by altering the excitation power density and the length of the nano-ridges formed in a single growth run. These results indicate the excellent optical properties of the InP/InGaAs nano-ridges grown on (001) Si substrates and pave the way towards telecom InP/InGaAs nano-laser arrays on CMOS standard Si or silicon-on-insulator substrates.


Device (5) for introducing banknotes in an apparatus (6) processing of these banknotes, which device (5) has a base body (9), a support surface (11) for supporting one side plan a ticket bank to introduce, at least one flank of lateral positioning (12, 13) to position laterally the device (5) in the apparatus (6) processing of banknotes and / or to connect an exact fit said device to said apparatus and adjusting means (26) to adjust variably the edge position positioning (12, 13) transversely to the direction of insertion of the banknote through the device (5), characterized in that the means adjusting (26) comprises an adapter (17, 18) element that can be placed in a part of the at least one positioning edge (12, 13) body.