apart from most textbooks in geriatric psychiatry which are generally organically focused. This intrapsychic approach provides a refreshing balance to the more usual biological, situational and interpersonal perspectives of most other writers in this field. The author takes the time to organize and define various defense mechanisms more prevalent in old age and illustrates his points well with a variety of good case examples. The 23 chapters range through issues of development, psychodynamics and the various psychiatric syndromes. The treatment sections focus on psychopharmacology, psychotherapy and the specific management of affective disorders and anxiety. The final chapters of the book deal with family issues, environmental planning, protective intervention, retirement, sexual problems of aging and a detailed chapter on training in geropsychiatry. Since the text is intended for a broad multidisciplinary audience, it aims more for breadth than depth in anyone area, although taken as a whole, it provides a good basic grounding in geriatric psychiatry with particular emphasis on psychodynamic theory. Some of the chapters particularly those focusing on organic mental disorders and drug treatment, were rather superficial for use by specialists, but more than adequately addressed these areas for others working in the field of geriatric psychiatry. While the author goes to great lengths to be organized and clear, some of the terminology is inexactly applied. In particular, he uses schizophrenic diagnoses loosely, partially reflecting the differences between American and BritishCanadian schools and partially contenting himself with flimsy clinical evidence. Another major problem for a textbook of this scope, is the paucity of references. Frequently, statements are made which derive from the work of others without adequate documentation. This deficit is particularly important when such references are omitted for controversial material. Although the edition is only 3 years old, some of the material in the section on psychopharmacology is out of date. None of the newer antidepressant drugs are mentioned, and there are times when the explanation of drug use seems more applicable to a general psychiatric population than to a specific geriatric patient group. For example, there is little mention of the use of Lithium, and when it is discussed, the recommended dosage regime is' not tailored to the geriatric population. Similarly, in discussing drugs in schizophrenia and "senile psychoses", relatively little attention is paid to important geriatric drug management issues such as the various cardiovascular complications, glaucoma, risk of tardive dyskinesia and so on. There is also an uncritical approach to the use of vasorelaxants and anticoagulants in dementia, where pharmacological approaches have been disappointing. FinalIy, it is necessary to criticize the nature of some of the psychodynamic formulations applied to the rich case material throughout the text. The case examples describe a wide variety of psychopathology and treatment interventions. On too many occasions however, the author makes psychodynamic leaps of faith in developing formulations for these patients which are not supported by the clinical material. While the examples catch the flavour of the syndromes and, indeed, correctly highlight the need to think ofthe dynamic origins of the particular symptoms, without direct historical material, these explanations have a quality of unsubstantiated theory and, hence, frequently remain unconvincing. This may lead some readers to either reject and disregard what is otherwise a valuable approach to formulation, or encourage an uncritical type of mental gymnastics which may lead to interesting theory, but little of relevance to a particular patient. Despite these criticisms, this text is clearly written, comprehensive and clinicalIy valuable. It will be especially useful to residents beginning their work in geriatric psychiatry as an initial text. Nurses, social workers and other paramedical staff will also find this book highly rewarding. However, it cannot be recommended to the more seasoned specialist in geriatric psychiatry because of the absence of in-depth discussions and adequate referencing.


Individuals classified clinically as having a motor-complete spinal cord injury (mcSCI) should lack voluntary motor function below their injury level. However, neurophysiological assessments using electromyography (EMG) and transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) have demonstrated that people with mcSCI retain limited cortical descending innervation and voluntary activation of muscles below their level of injury, including muscles of the trunk and lower limb. Here we explored the possibility of whether there is also preserved innervation of the pelvic floor muscles (PFM) in people with mcSCI. The PFM are controlled by widespread cortical and sub-cortical areas and typically co-activated with trunk and gluteal muscles to maintain continence and regulate intra-abdominal pressure. Nine mcSCI and eight control subjects participated in this cross-sectional study. Surface EMG was used to record activity in the PFM. Data were recorded while participants attempted various maneuvers of the trunk and pelvis. We also applied transcranial magnetic stimulation at incrementing levels of intensity over the primary motor cortex area to record motor evoked potentials (MEPs) in the PFM. When performing the maneuvers, activation of the PFM was possible in all controls and the majority of SCI participants. However, the PFM were only activated in the SCI participants during maneuvers that engaged other trunk muscles. MEP responses in the PFM were also elicited in all controls and SCI participants, but MEP response characteristics were significantly altered in the SCI group. Our results suggest that people with mcSCI retain some residual innervation of the PFM after injury, possibly via indirect cortical descending pathways.


Background
Onodi cells (OC) are important for rhinologists because they contain the optic canal, and are close to the optic nerve and internal carotid artery. Therefore, any pathologic processes within OCs, including infectious or inflammatory sinusitis, fungus ball, inverted papilloma, mucocele, or sino-nasal malignancy can cause devastating ophthalmologic complications. We aimed to define the different optic neuropathy conditions related to isolated OC mucoceles, determine the different symptoms of each condition and its risk factors, and explore the efficacy of the relevant diagnostic tools and treatment strategies.

Methodology
A comprehensive electronic search with time and language restrictions was conducted. Several known databases were included: PubMed, The Cochrane Library, and Web of Science from 1990 to 2020. We combined the search terms and limited the study to the English language. We removed duplicates, and the articles were screened based on title, abstract, and full text according to the PRISMA checklist.

Results
The electronic search strategy conducted in this review resulted in 409 hits. After removing duplicate studies and studies with inadequate information, 20 case studies were finally included in this analysis, 65% of which presented men (n = 13), and seven presented women (35%). The mean age reported in these studies was 54.75 with a standard deviation of 14.62 years. We found that visual disturbances that can lead to visual loss were present in most cases (75% of cases). Other symptoms included headache (35%) and eye pain (30%). The risk factors for developing optic neuropathy conditions related to OC mucoceles include being Asian and elderly with a history of either nasal or eye conditions. Our findings showed that the mean time between the onset of symptoms and intervention was 16.8 ± 21.8 days. Most patients underwent endoscopic sinus surgery to remove the OC mucocele (18/20; 90%) with a success rate of 77%. Pharmacologic intervention as a solo treatment (IV corticosteroids or /and antibiotic) was used in only six patients, with a success rate of only 33%. Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the most commonly used diagnostic tools, with diagnostic success rates of 40% and 82.3%, respectively.

Conclusion
Optic neuropathy conditions related to OC mucoceles are very rare. However, a higher incidence of these conditions was observed in elderly Asian patients with a history of nasal or optic conditions. Visual disturbances are the most common symptoms accompanying any type of eye condition. Endoscopic sinus surgery is considered an effective and safe intervention for these patients, and the period between the onset of symptoms and surgery does not affect the outcomes of the surgery. Furthermore, treatment with corticosteroids and/or antibiotics cannot replace surgery and it can also worsen the condition. Moreover, MRI is superior to CT scans for demonstrating this abnormality, and both are superior to other diagnostic tools. Finally, further investigations should be conducted to study the causes of the low incidence of these conditions in the eastern region.


Electrical impedance tomography (EIT) is a non‐invasive method to monitor conductivity changes in regions of the human body. Its robust, miniaturizable instrumentation makes EIT particularly suitable for online‐monitoring without too much inconvenience for the patient. A major methodological problem is the poor quality of the conductivity images, which is due to the low spatial resolution and low sensitivity for structures far away from the object's surface as well as large qualitative errors in the reconstructed conductivity values. This paper outlines the advantages of multi‐frequency EIT for a simple two‐dimensional model. In the first part of the paper we assume that some a priori information from MR images is at hand, providing good starting values for the reconstruction process, while in the second part it is assumed that no a priori information about regions of different material values is available.


A new behavioral model is proposed which can provide similar accuracy to the memory polynomial model (MPM) but is shown to have a more efficient architecture for digital hardware implementation. These features have been achieved by the proposed formulation, in which the nonlinear weights of the memory terms are a function of only the present input sample. The new approach is evaluated and compared with the conventional MPM using a Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) signal applied to two different amplifier circuits.


AbstractHesitant fuzzy sets (HFSs) are a useful tool to manage situations in which the decision makers (DMs) hesitate about several possible values for the membership to assess a variable, alternative, etc. However, HFSs have the information loss problem and cannot identify different DMs, which interferes with the application of HFSs in decision making. To overcome these limitations, we develop the extended hesitant fuzzy sets (EHFSs) in this paper. As an extension of HFSs, EHFSs have close relationships with existing fuzzy sets including intuitionistic fuzzy sets (IFSs), fuzzy multisets (FMSs), type-2 fuzzy sets (T2FSs), dual hesitant fuzzy sets (DHFSs), and especially HFSs. We propose a concept of extended hesitant fuzzy elements (EHFEs), then study the basic operations and the desirable properties of EHFEs in detail. Some extended hesitant distance measures are developed to illustrate their advantages comparing with the existing hesitant distance measures. To extend EHFSs to decision making, we combine...


Plants traditionally used for their antiviral activity could be an alternative against SARS-CoV-2. In this study, the efficacy of 10 bioactive plant compounds commonly used in Mexico against COVID-19 was evaluated by molecular docking with two online servers: COVID-19 Docking Server and DockThor. Remdesivir was used as a control. The results showed that Cypellocarpin B, Cypellocarpin C, Luteolin 7-glucoside and Syringetin glucopyranoside showed the highest affinity towards viral proteins Mpro and RdRp respect to Remdesivir. Comparison of molecular docking servers showed differences in the docking motors and proteins available on each server. The use of bioactive compounds represents an alternative for the treatment of patients with COVID-19.


Purpose The main objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of apixaban versus warfarin in patients with venous thromboembolism (VTE) in a "real-world" setting. Patients and Methods A retrospective cohort study was conducted using data from a large tertiary hospital in Saudi Arabia. Patients were included if they were adults (≥18 years), diagnosed with VTE, and treated with either apixaban or warfarin between January 2016 and September 2018. Patients who had received anticoagulation therapy within three months of the date of the index event were excluded. The effectiveness outcomes were incidence of VTE recurrence (ie, deep vein thrombosis DVT or pulmonary embolism [PE]), while the safety outcome was incidence of any major bleeding (MB) event within 90 days of follow-up. Results Among the 492 patients included for study, 212 (43.1%) received apixaban and 280 (56.1%) received warfarin. The mean age of patients was 53.6±19.1 years and 62% of the cohort was female. Comparable rates of VTE recurrence were observed for apixaban and warfarin treatment groups during follow-up (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) =0.95; 95% CI 0.53–1.68), including DVT (AOR=1.06; 95% CI 0.52–2.17) and PE (AOR=0.78; 95% CI 0.31–1.96). However, apixaban was associated with significantly fewer MB events than warfarin (AOR=0.18; 95% CI 0.04–0.83). Conclusion The use of apixaban for the treatment of Saudi patients with acute VTE is associated with a VTE recurrence rate comparable to that of warfarin, with significantly fewer MB events.


The study was conducted in Masha district, Sheka Zone, Southern National Regional and peoples Region (SNNPR). Five potato producing kebeles from potato producing kebeles of Masha district were selected and a total of 251 selected households were interviewed to generate primary data 2018/19. The objective of the study was to evaluate the impact of improved seed and fertilizer on potato productivity in Masha district. Descriptive statistics and econometrics model were employed to achieve the objective. Multiple linear regressions were employed to determine factors that influence the adoption behavior of potato production technology of farmers and propensity score matching (PSM) techniques were applied to evaluate the impact of improved seed and fertilizer on potato productivity. A sum of 12 independent variables for the multiple linear regressions was used, out of which 7 variables were found to significantly influence the adoption of potato production technology. These are: size of land the household owned, family size, access to extension agent visit, soil fertility, age square, price of fertilizer and age farm household. The study recommends that any effort in promoting potato production technology should consider the social, economic, institutional and psychological characteristics for better adoption of potato production technology. Keywords: Fertilizer, Impact, Multiple linear regressions, Propensity Score Matching, Potato DOI: 10.7176/FSQM/94-05 Publication date: February 29 th 2020


Practical techniques for generating test signals between 10Gbps and 50Gbps are described. An historical review shows that the problem of extending ATE to higher rates has been around for several decades, with ever-increasing speed requirements. We demonstrate, in this paper that multiplexing techniques that permitted 40-50 Mbps testing in the 1980s (then using 10-20MHz ATE) can be applied to the present problem of achieved 1000x faster rates today (40-50Gbps). Some intervening steps are shown that achieved 5-10Gbps, and recently 12-24Gbps. These are extended to demonstrate synthesis of signals between 40 and 50Gbps. The paper is intended to aid others who might face similar challenges in testing high-end products prior to the day when 50Gbps ATE becomes common-place.


Introduction: Blood transfusion remains the primary modality of treatment for many serious and common diseases. According to the International Society of Blood Transfusion (ISBT), there are about 349 blood group antigens, out of which only about 25-28 antigens are known to cause acute or delayed type of haemolytic transfusion reactions which could be prevented by Pretransfusion Testing (PTT). Regulated pretransfusion tests include ABO blood grouping, Rh typing, antibody detection, antibody identification and compatibility testing. The purpose of compatibility tests is to demonstrate invitro red cell antigen-antibody reaction. The Antihuman Globulin (AHG) crossmatch testing can assure ABO compatibility between donor and patient blood as well as detect most clinically significant antibodies. Type and Screen (T&S) is a procedure carried out as part of PTT in which the recipient's blood sample is tested for ABO group, RhD T&S for unexpected antibodies. Aim: To compare T&S method of PTT with AHG crossmatch. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the department of Transfusion medicine at Government Royapettah Hospital, Chennai and The Tamil Nadu Dr. MGR Medical University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India from June 2012 to December 2013. T&S was performed on 1,040 recipients' (510 males and 530 females) samples. All these samples were subjected to AHG crossmatch with ABO group and RhD type matched donor samples to assess the compatibility between donor and recipient by using column agglutination technology. Statistical analysis was carried out using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 11.0. Results: The prevalence of unexpected antibodies in the recipient population was 1.06%. Among the 1,040 recipients' blood samples, 11 samples were found to have unexpected antibodies. Out of these 11 samples, 10 showed exact antibodies and the remaining one sample with negative antibody screening was found to be incompatible with AHG crossmatch. The sensitivity and specificity of T&S method in comparison to AHG crossmatch was 87.50% and 99.71%, respectively. Conclusion: The sensitivity and specificity of T&S is as acceptable as AHG crossmatch. However, in view of one sample with false negative antibody screening in the study population, it is imperative to know the phenotyping of Red Blood Cells (RBC) antigens of the native population before getting away with AHG crossmatch.


Circulating cooling water system of High speed wire factory had the problem that many pumps of regulating speed operate in higher energy consumption and lower efficiency.The paper analyzed the characteristic of variable speed water pump around the problem.The mathematics model was established with the optimization goal of the lowest energy consumption,which was on the basis of immune genetic algorithm and frequency speed control technology,and it simplified inequality constraint condition.A new way of handling constrained optimization is proposed,which was produced through combining immune genetic algorithm.It avoided the difficulty of handling constraint condition and the premature convergence of genetic algorithm,which make handling constraint problem simplify and improves the global search ability of the algorithm.Simulation results show that it is an effective algorithm to solving optimal problem of many pumps of speed-frequency control in water circulating system.


The article deals with the analysis of the Russian Corporate Governance Code, which was adopted by the Government of Russian Federation on November 28, 2001. The research is based on law and economic methods and touches upon the problems of corporate regulations creation and the Corporate Governance Code implementation process. Two basic concepts concerning corporate regulations and the problem of trade-off between administrative and self-regulating methods are also discussed in the article.


Let us partition the given unit square into four quarter squares (Figure 7.1). These quarter squares will be our pigeonholes, and, of course, the five given points will serve as the pigeons. Since 5 D 1 4 C 1, by the Pigeonhole Principle there is a pigeonhole that contains at least two pigeons. In other words, there is a quarter square that contains at least two given points A; B . The distance jABj is, of course, no greater than the diagonal 1 p 2 of the quarter square.


The ninth World Energy Conference ended with a renewed commitment to pursue energy conservation and to emphasize combined heat and power technology. This review of the conference traces four paths that parallel the complexity of the world energy problem: (1) The breadth and diversity of the papers underscored the complexity of the energy dilemma. (2) Reports of continuous monitoring of energy resources and total energy demand were prepared for coal, gas, oil, nuclear, and unconventional energy. (3) The conference held many simultaneous sessions which, while helpful to specialists, made a comprehensive impression difficult. (4) The conference Epilogue, a perspective from the view of a developing country, pointed out the realities of uneven world energy consumption patterns and uneven world distribution of energy resources. Papers on combined heat and power and on increased nuclear power were given by the Soviet Union and Poland. Other national experiences are noted. Hope was expressed that development will continue in the areas of breeder reactors and fusion research. Coal and nuclear energy emerged as the world's future energy sources. (DCK)


The ability to simultaneously locate a robot and accurately map its surroundings is considered to be a key prerequisite of truly autonomous robots. Rao-Blackwellized particle filters simultaneous localization and mapping can produce accurate results but it has the tendency to become over- confident. In this paper, the analysis on consistency is presented. The methodology of the Markov Chain Monte Carlo resampling is incorporated to prevent particle impoverishment. The algorithms are evaluated on accuracy and consistency using computer simulation. Experimental results show that the increased diversity of particles can improve the accuracy as well as consistency of RBPF SLAM.


EH-4 magnetolluric sounding system is an advanced prospecting instrument.Due to its advanges of light efficiency,exploration depth and reflect intuitively,it is widely used in mineral exploration and hydrological exploration.During karst fissure water prospecting in Zichuan area of Shandong province,through EH-4 electromagnetic sounding work,combining with field hydrogeological investigation,under the condition of determining water supply and water bearing condition of the structural belt,water-bearing fault belts and fissure belts have been found.According to electric difference of geological ore bodies,width,depth,occurrence and water occurrence of structural belts have been determined.It is fit with the locations gained by drilling results.It indicates the direction of deep water exploration by using EH-4 electromagnetic system.


In the article a clinical case report of the treatment the young patients with severe chemical burns acetic acid, complicated by total necrosis of the jejunum, generalized peritonitis, acute renal failure. He was hospitalized in RCH in 2012-2013. Described the managment of the patient, the surgical treatment, postoperative period. In 2014, a team of doctors RCH involved in the treatment of this patient awarded «The Calling» Russia's best doctors in the nomination «For carrying out a unique operation that saved the man's life».


This paper describes the process in the second year of a three year study at the University of Manitoba that looks at how the 12 CEAB graduate attributes are manifested and measured in the engineering curriculum. The four attributes chosen for this year's study were Problem Analysis, Use of Engineering Tools, Communication Skills, and Ethics and Equity. Nine instructors from each of the Departments of Biosystems, Civil, Electrical and Computer, and Mechanical Engineering were asked to consider the presence of these attributes in one of their engineering courses taught in Fall 2012. The checklist for this study was revised based on the results of the pilot study conducted in 2011-12, and in an effort to begin to define student attribute competency levels and demonstrate outcomes-based assessment. Similar to last year, this study found that the hard skills in engineering were assessed more frequently than the soft skills, and inparticular, there was little assessment evidence of Ethics and Equity. The majority of instructors reported using assignments and reports as evaluation tools, and communicating evaluations to students using numerical marks and written comments. Competency levels were defined in a variety of ways, highlighting the need to establish a common language for assessment. Finally, this paper reports on the challenges observed in the construction and administration of the survey and outlines next steps.


Article is devoted to typology of strategy coping behavior with vital difficulties young adult -the group which are taking place on border of youth and maturity. On the basis of the analysis of deep interviews vital difficulties in sphere of realization values are allocated: work, health, children; existential difficulties; a competition of the purposes and resources. To factors of vital difficulties are referred: a set of resources, including skill it is flexible them to dispose; presence of children of school age; structure of family support; a state of health.


Vehicular Ad Hoc Network (VANET) is a special application of Mobile Ad Hoc Networks in road traffic, which can autonomously organize networks without infrastructure. VANET that consists of many community nodes is characterized by lack of guaranteed connectivity. The right operation of such a network requires nodes to cooperate on the level of packet forwarding. When a node wants to transmit a message to another node, the message can be opportunistically routed through relay nodes under the hypothesis that each node is willing to participate to forward. However, nodes belonging to different communities may choose selfish behavior when considering their limited resources such as energy, storage space and so on. Their purpose is maximizing their own payoff. Thus, a new routing algorithm specifying certain message forwarding strategies is a necessity in such networks. In this work, we study main properties of sparse VANET. We presents a routing algorithm based on the evolutionary game, Multi-Community Evolutionary Game Routing algorithm (MCEGR), to solve the selfish routing problem. The theoretical analysis and simulation results show that the proposed routing has better feasibility and effectiveness.


A method recently presented for the calculation of communication-network response to arbitrary transients suffers from the defect that the numerator and the denominator of the complex transfer function have to be expressed as products of quadratic factors, if they are not already in this form. This restriction can be readily removed without losing the advantages of the method.


A combined experimental and numerical investigation of flow control actuation via a steady two-dimensional tangential control jet in a short inlet duct was conducted. Experiments were run on an inlet with a length to diameter ratio of 1.5 at a Mach number of 0.43 at both baseline and forced conditions. The setup in the numerical simulations matched the experimental tests in terms of both the physical parameters (e.g., Mach number, pressure level, etc.) and dimensions (e.g., contraction, inlet duct, control jet, etc.). Both experimental and numerical results for the base flow showed a quasi two-dimensional flow separation immediately downstream of the first (or upstream) turn on the lower surface. For the forced case it was found that actuation via a steady two-dimensional jet was able to control flow separation in the mid-span portion of the duct but was not effective towards the outer span and the side walls. The control jet increased the three-dimensionality of the flow field inside the inlet. In both cases, simulations were found to over predict separations found within the duct. This over prediction led to quantitative disagreement, nevertheless prominent flow structures were found to be qualitatively similar, and therefore, details of the three-dimensional flow field were explored based on numerical data. These structures were measured experimentally by means of pressure recovery, surface pressure distribution on the duct's lower wall and by the volumetric flow field, which was acquired using stereoscopic PIV (SPIV). Both experimental and numerical results infer that a twodimensional control jet induces three-dimensional structures that are considerably larger than the ones found in the baseline flow field.


Anomaly detection is of great significance for intelligent surveillance videos. Current works typically struggle with object detection and localization problems due to crowded and complex scenes. Hence, we propose a Deep Spatiotemporal Translation Network (DSTN), novel unsupervised anomaly detection and localization method based on Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) and Edge Wrapping ( $EW$ ). In training, we use only the frames of normal events in order to generate their corresponding dense optical flow as temporal features. During testing, since all the video sequences are input into the system, unknown events are considered as anomalous events due to the fact that the model knows only the normal patterns. To benefit from the information provided by both appearance and motion features, we introduce (i) a novel fusion of background removal and real optical flow frames with (ii) a concatenation of the original and background removal frames. We improve the performance of anomaly localization in the pixel-level evaluation by proposing (iii) the Edge Wrapping to reduce the noise and suppress non-related edges of abnormal objects. Our DSTN has been tested on publicly available anomaly datasets, including UCSD pedestrian, UMN, and CUHK Avenue. The results show that it outperforms other state-of-the-art algorithms with respect to the frame-level evaluation, the pixel-level evaluation, and the time complexity for abnormal object detection and localization tasks.


This paper presents a resource-based theoretical model for an extended version of the network success hypothesis. It derives four main hypotheses for the relationships between resources obtained from personal networks of the founders and a new venture's success. The model takes into account a broad range of control variables. In the empirical study, based on a sample of 123 German entrepreneurs, we do not find much support for our hypotheses. We conclude that, quite in contrast to most existing theories, network links have close to no impact on getting cheap or exclusive resources.


Sounds like it. But don't worry, putting "natural" in front of caesarean section doesn't mean doing without pain relief. It means slowing down the operation so that it mimics a vaginal birth as much as possible.

Surgery starts with the screen up and sterile procedures are followed as usual. But after the incision has been made the drape is lowered and the head of the table is raised to allow the mother …


A system for capturing complete cell level header and timing information for bi-directional ATM-25 links is described. The system is able to measure and synchronise multiple links simultaneously. Off the shelf ATM-25 NIC equipment and standard PCs are used giving a very low cost system. Headers for all cells are captured to disk and timing is accurate to sub-microsecond times. Measurements of video, file transfer traffic and artificially generated traffic are reported. Future extensions of the system to higher bit rates and optical links are briefly discussed.


Non linear models can be represented conveniently by Takagi-Sugeno fuzzy models when nonlinearities are bounded. This approach uses a collection of linear models which are interpolated by non linear functions. Then the global control law is the interpolation by the same functions of each feedback associated to each linear model. A Lyapunov approach enables to compute these feedback gains. The number of linear models depends directly on the number of nonlinearities the system has. The more models there are, the more difficult it is to guarantee the stability of the closed loop. This paper proposes a method to reduce the number of linear models by assuming a number of nonlinearities considered as uncertainties and to guarantee the global exponential stability of the system. This method is applied on a hydraulic system.


In his article in this special issue, Jim Pass defines astrosociology quite thoroughly, focusing his attention on the social scientific elements. In concert with his contribution to the dialogue regarding the multidisciplinary nature of astrosociology, this author would like to offer some reflections regarding the role of the humanities within this larger context. Literature, and more precisely science fiction, becomes the focus here. The examination of the contributions that speculative writing can provide ties present scientific practice with future possibilities. Readers of this piece should keep in mind that works of science fiction have often ended up foretelling the advent of some type of future science fact, as we have witnessed in the past. Beyond that, it helps us examine the human condition by utilizing a form of literature that allows us to take existing social dynamics and put them into a fictional future world in which ''what if'' scenarios are possible. The field of astrosociology will benefit from such an approach, as it expands its box of tools to include the humanities within the scope of its field of inquiry. Science fiction and astrosociology do not inhabit exactly the same general field of endeavor; astrosociology focuses its attention exclusively on space-related social phenomena that represent a part of science fiction's range of competencies. Even when the two fields do overlap, their respective goals are not the same: Science fiction is a literary form, an intellectual and aesthetic construct designed to present a reflection on human nature through the lens of drama; astrosociology is a scientific field, a conglomerate of disciplines— science fiction among them—working together to develop our understanding of the influence of space-related matters on the human condition. Science fiction, however, does constitute one of the sub-disciplines of astrosociology. As part of the general field of the humanities, it represents one of the many


the paper analyzes the composition and character of mine waste water in haizi mine,and put forward a system that can optimize the water quality through physical chem.istry method. By the water circle system ,the disposed mine water can meet the work require .at the same ,the method effectively saves water resource and protect environment .


This paper introduces not only the concepts of Splash Effect and Mutex but also their uses in designing interface of programs. The theory of displaying bitmap and the method of creating mutex are also expounded. Both the method of designing splash effect by VC in the condition of Windows operating system and the strategy of executing a program only once at anytime are proposed finally.


Production of human proteins in Pichia pastoris has significant advantages. However, there is still need for improvement in various stages of its downstream processing like clarification and purification. In fact downstream processes are usually the most critical part of production of biotech products. This work aimed to evaluate the effect of two steps added to the downstream processes of human growth hormone (hGH) production in Pichia pastoris. Firstly the effect of clarification, with activated carbon, on capture of hGH by ion exchange chromatography (IEC) was investigated. For this purpose, a clarification process using activated carbon was used to remove process contaminants like pigments. The clarified sample was applied to the IEC column and the recovery of hGH, following IEC, was assessed using SDS-PAGE, Bradford protein assay and area under the curve (AUC). The obtained results showed that the AUC values were 2.81 and 5.61 for the with- and without-treatment samples, respectively. Protein recovery of clarified sample with activated carbon was 541 mg in comparison with 328 mg for the sample without treatment. The yield of IEC was also improved from 50.46% to 83.23% following treatment with activated carbon. Secondly, the effect of three concentrations of ammonium sulfate in the binding buffer on resolution of hGH upon elution on hydrophobic interaction chromatography (HIC) was investigated. Biological activity was used as the main criterion for evaluation of purified hGH using HIC. The obtained results indicated that by increasing the concentration of ammonium sulfate form 1 to 3 mol/L, resolution of hGH was improved, as the purified fraction using 3 mol/L of ammonium sulfate showed a specific activity of 3.1IU/mg. So the results of the present study demonstrated that activated carbon is a promising candidate for efficient clarification of recombinant hGH and improving the efficiency of the capture step. Therefore, it can be considered by biotech companies as a cost-effective and sustainable clarification procedure of recombinant proteins from high cell density cultures. This study also revealed that 3% ammonium sulfate has a positive effect on the separation of hGH variants with the desired biological activity.


Three methods of monitoring nonquarterwave stacks are investi-gated: the turning value method, the inflection point method, and the second-harmonic method. The advantages of these methods are that they are monochromatic and that they do not rely on any absolute measurements of transmittance during monitoring. Computer simulations of the deposition process are performed for different nonquarterwave stacks to check the accuracy of the three methods, and we investigate whether these methods can compensate for errors in thickness occurring during deposition.


This study aims to analyze the education and professionalism of tax inspectors' job satisfaction at the DGT Regional Office of Central Java I. Research design uses qualitative descriptive research using primary data and skunder. The analysis of the study used multiple partial regression, regression equation and termination test. The sampling technique uses non probability sampling with the type of total sampling. Because the total population only amounts to 36 people, the population is taken entirely to be used as a sample. The results of the study explained that education and professionalism affect tax job satisfaction of the Central Java DGT Regional Office I. This proves that job satisfaction increases due to the role of education, work experience and professionalism of the examiner.


It appears quite likely that the worldwide demand for wine has been declining for over a decade now. While a number of reasons for this changing consumer behaviour have been advanced, no one really knows what factors are driving this market downward. This changing demand structure has very serious implications for Spanish wine makers because the fastest decline in demand is at the low priced end of the market. That is exactly the part of the market where Spanish wine makers have their strongest position. Four endgame strategies available to Spanish wine makers are presented and analyzed. Finally, a four step action program is outlined that is intended to give Spanish makers their best chance of surviving these new market conditions.


Coupled simulations of core and edge transport in the DIII-D shot number 118897, after the L-H transition but before the first edge localized mode (ELM), are presented. For the plasma core transport, a set of one dimensional transport equations are solved using the FACETS:Core solver. The fluxes in this region are calculated using the GLF23 anomalous transport model and Chang-Hinton neoclassical model. For the plasma edge transport, two-dimensional transport equations are solved using the UEDGE code. Fluxes in the edge region use static diffusivity profiles based on an interpretive analysis of the experimental profiles. Simulations are used to study the range of validity of the selected models and sensitivity to neutral fueling. It has been demonstrated that the increase of neutral influx to the level that exceeds the level of neutral influx obtained from analysis simulations with the UEDGE code by a factor of two results in increased plasma density pedestal heights and plasma density levels in the scrape...


In order to accurately calculate the main network line loss of power system, this paper designs a main network line loss calculation method based on power flow algorithm. Taking Qinghai main network as an example, this paper calculates and analyzes the influence of different power output of Qingyu DC near area on the line loss of Qinghai main network. The research results show that this method can realize the accurate calculation of the main network line loss of power system, and the line loss rate of Qinghai main network increases with the operation of Qingyu DC. This method provides a basis for efficient analysis of the main network line loss.


We connected theory and research on narrative persuasion to the literature on social robots and examined the effects of a robotic storyteller's facial expressions. The congruency between the emotional arc of a story and the facial expressions of the robot was of particular interest. In a lab experiment, participants were confronted with a storytelling robot who displayed emotions that were congruent or incongruent with the events unfolding in the story or it displayed no emotions. Affect congruency increased participants' transportation in the story world, led to more positive evaluations of the robot, and increased the likelihood of choosing a product that was advertised in the story. Although the robot's voice was held constant in all three conditions, congruent facial expressions led to the illusion of a more congruent intonation by the robot.


ABSTRACT Continuous availability of a variety of satellite and reanalysis rainfall products have triggered the use of such products as an alternate source of rainfall data in sparsely gauge networked areas. However, before utilizing them a detailed validation of these datasets are essential to have some level of guarantee. In many parts of Africa in general and most parts of Ethiopia particularly in the lowland areas, gauge stations are very sparse and unevenly distributed. In addition, due to the nature of complex topography and geographical location, Ethiopian rainfall shows high variability both temporally and spatially. In view of the above, the present study is aimed at statistically evaluating such rainfall products across different rainfall regimes (regions with different rainfall characteristics as defined by National Meteorological Agency (NMA) of Ethiopia). In the current study, five satellite and two reanalysis rainfall products such as African Rainfall Climatology version 2 (ARC2), Tropical Applications of Meteorology using SATellite and ground-based observations (TAMSAT), Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission-3B43 version 7 (TRMM 3B43v7), Climate Prediction Center Morphing Technique (CMORPH), Climate Hazards Group Infrared Precipitation with Stations version 2 (CHIRPSv2), the Climate Forecast System Reanalysis (CFSR) and the European Center for Medium Range Weather Forecast Reanalysis (ERA-Interim) are considered based on their spatial coverage, spatial resolution, temporal resolution, latency period and length of data records. Evaluation is done at monthly and seasonal time scales against the observed gauge rainfall data provided by the National Meteorological Agency of Ethiopia across entire Ethiopia in two different manners, first by considering the entire country as one homogeneous unit and secondly in a distributed manner across the three rainfall regimes of Ethiopia. The obtained results show that: (i) CHIRPSv2 and TRMM 3B43v7 show better performance during June to September (the main rainfall season) and during February to May (the smaller rainfall season) in regimes 1 and 2. (ii) In regime 3 these products show good performance from October to November (smaller rainy season of this regime) and March to May (main rainy season of this regime); (iii).CMORPH, TAMSAT and ARC2 show moderate performance in all three regimes; (iv) CFSR and ERA-Interim exhibit poor performance in all rainfall regimes. Overall, the detailed analysis of statistical evaluation results of the rainfall products at monthly timescale shows that CHIRPSv2 performs comparatively better than the other tested rainfall products across all rainfall regimes. However, the best performance of CHIRPSv2 is obtained in regime 2 followed by regime 1 and regime 3.


The nucleophile N,N´-dimethyl-N,N´-diphenylethene-1,1-diamine (3) reacted with simple 1,4-quinones and related compounds to give highly conjugated enediamines. These products resultedfrom 1 : 1-addition processes under conditions where reactions of 1,1-dialkoxyethenes proceeded by 1 : 2-addition.


Promatsumura is proposed as a replacement name for the taxonomically unavailable generic name r oe ur r oe . 0 .


In order to reduce raw material costs, thermoplastic elastomer (TPE) resins were produced using recycled materials. In particular, post-consumer polyethylene (PE) and ethylene-propylene diene monomer (EPDM) were used. Nevertheless, a coupling agent based on maleated polyethylene (MAPE) was used to determine if interfacial properties can be modified. The compounds were processed via twin-screw extrusion and then pelletized. The samples were finally produced by compression molding with different EPDM (0, 40, 50, 60, 80, 90%) and MAPE (0, 5, 10 phr) contents giving a wide range of properties. Based on the samples produced, a complete mechanical characterization in terms of tensile, torsion, and flexural properties was performed, as well as morphology, density and hardness. The results show that the effect of coupling agent addition is only important at high EPDM contents with a transition concentration around 60% where a balance between rigidity, elasticity and strength can be obtained.


Globally, small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) play a key role in driving sustainable economic growth in both developed and developing countries. The main objective of this study was to investigate the firm and entrepreneur characteristics influencing the growth of SMEs in Côte d'Ivoire, with special insight into why this country has been a middle-income economy for decades despite its numerous economicpotentialities. Through IBM SPSS version 22.0, 19 hypotheses were tested using data from 160 SMEs operating in Côte d'Ivoire. The results from chi-square tests revealed an association between each of the 'firm and entrepreneur characteristics' and at least one of the three growth measurements. However, it was found thatkey factors such as 'entrepreneur's 'age', 'work experience' and 'level of education' do not play a role in SMEs' sustainable growth in Côte d'Ivoire. Results from the binomial logistic regression confirmed that 'ability to avoid reporting loss' can be predicted based on 'entrepreneur's work experience', 'business sector' and 'source of funding'. Although this study has practical significance in the business sphere, its results may be of particular help to governments and policymakers in middle-income economies like Côte d'Ivoire for policy formulation and development of frameworks to enhance SMEs' sustainable growth.


To the Editor.— In the June 8 issue ofThe Journal, there is a Clinical Note by Swanson and Okada, regarding death after withdrawal of meprobamate. Although the report is meticulous and the laboratory findings extensive, there might be cause for disagreement with the final diagnosis. The symptoms of profuse sweating, course tremors of the extremities, apprehension leading to convulsion, hypertension developing into hypotension, and oliguria can be attributed to hypervolemia or water intoxication. It is stated that the patient received 5,000 cc (1,000 intravenously and 4,000 orally ) of water shortly after hospitalization. Intake is not recorded subsequent to this, so we do not know his later intake. This letter is intended to point out an alternate diagnosis. The manufacturers might possibly be entirely innocent of this patient's death.


The positive significance of applying green buildings in town landscape planning and design to the development of small towns is discussed. Firstly, the overall classification and functions of small towns with Chinese characteristics are summarized, and the basic principles of its construction are clarified. Secondly, the related theories of green building are introduced, and the application characteristics and ways of green building in landscape design are expounded. It is found that the landscape design of characteristic towns should be based on the unique local ecological environment, material and facility conditions, and make a reasonable analysis from the perspective of topography and terrain, respect people's experience and feelings, fully consider users' physiological, psychological and emotional needs, and create a humanized landscape environment. In addition, people should not blindly pursue economic benefits. It is necessary to make use of recyclable building materials as far as possible on the basis of energy saving and environmental protection, so that economic development and ecological environment can coexist harmoniously.


To my wife and my parents. Acknowledgments I would like to thank all of my fellow graduate students for many helpful discussions and for always making time for the C & A. Thanks to Alan Reid, Freed for teaching valuable classes, for useful conversations, and for not always insisting that we go to D.D.'s. I would especially like to thank Alan for being an excellent mentor and friend, and for sharing so much of his time. Most of all, I would like to thank my wife for her enduring love and support. This dissertation is concerned with existence and behavior problems for essential surfaces in hyperbolic three-manifolds. In Chapter 2, we provide new examples of finite volume hyperbolic manifolds which are not fibered, but are virtually fibered. In Chapter 3, we prove that there are Dehn fillings arbitrarily close to infinity in the hyperbolic Dehn surgery space of the figure eight knot complement in which some closed totally geodesic surface compresses. Abstract vi List of Figures ix Chapter 1. Introduction 1 1. for s ≤ −2 (a) and −2 < s ≤ 0 (b).. .. 26 2.12 Removing a twist crossing by changing a pair of clasp crossings. 26 2.13 Seifert surface R(p, s) for s ≤ −2 (a) and −2 < s (b).. .. . .


This paper describes the planning and development of location. Mobile commercial enterprise application is employed to seek out commercial enterprise place. This application is employed in each robot platform. owing to this app folks will notice actual location. The frontend of this app is robot. Backend is Xamp server, php server. This app helps for any someone for locating and visiting any location at intervals less time. Through this app we will visit the place in future and there's no want of guide. This app can advocate the places wherever we will visit the place. Emergency is additionally provided during this app. once a user thinks that he's in peril he will contact others


The facility layout problem is concerned with finding the most efficient non-overlapping arrangement of n indivisible departments with unequal area requirements within a facility. Generally, about 20%-50% of the total operating expenses in manufacturing are attributed to material handling costs. Effective facility layout could reduce these costs by 10%-30% annually. Moreover, good facility planning could also improve the material handling efficiency, reduce the throughput time, decrease the space utilization area of manufacturing system, etc. So, the facility layout affects the total performance of manufacturing system, such as, material flow, information flow, productivity, etc.


A new scorpion species, Euscorpius popovi sp. nov . , is described from southwestern Bulgaria and northeastern Greece based on morphological and molecular evidence analyses.


Based on long-term monitoring, the geoecological assessment of pasture phytocenoses in the desert zone of the Republic of Kalmykia under the influence of anthropogenic and climatic factors is given. It is established that excessive pasture load leads to degradation processes of vegetation and soil cover: a wide spread of explerents ( Eragrostis minor, Amaranthus albus ), depletion of the floral composition by 2 times, a decrease in productivity and feed value of pastures, an increase in the area of flown Sands.


This study was drafted with the aim of presenting a version, concerning a set of measures that will be implemented by any corporate firm (and not only), medium size and production capacity, in order to improve the organization marketing, to improve the efficiency of which must have the effect (at least) to maintain market share, maintaining contractual relationships, maintaining trust with creditors, regardless of their nature, improving distribution system etc. When using this version, it will put pressure on any company, but we remember that we implement the proposed measures which one must be carried in conditions of fair and strong competition and that, binding, must be taken into perspective, aspects such as the internationalization of business environments and economic globalization, issues can not be neglected, even if they pertain at distant prospect. We developed this version, after multiple and extensive comparative analysis, on different companies in the corporate environment, in many countries and we have concluded that the proposed measures can meet the requirements to a good extent.


Across-trial variability of EEG decreases more markedly prior to self-initiated than prior to externally-triggered actions, providing a novel neural precursor for volitional action. However, it remains unclear whether this neural convergence is an early, deliberative stage, or a late, execution-related stage in the chain of cognitive processes that transform intentions to actions. We report two experiments addressing these questions. Self-initiated actions were operationalized as endogenous 'skip' responses while waiting for target stimuli in a perceptual decision task. These self-initiated 'skips' were compared to blocks where participants were instructed to skip. EEG variability decreased more markedly prior to self-initiated compared to externally-triggered 'skip' actions, replicating previous findings. Importantly, this EEG convergence was stronger at fronto-midline electrodes than at either the electrode contralateral or ipsilateral to the hand assigned to the 'skip' action in each block (Experiment 1). Further, convergence was stronger when availability of skip responses was 'rationed', encouraging deliberate planning before skipping (Experiment 2). This suggests that the initiation of voluntary actions involves a bilaterally-distributed, effector-independent process related to deliberation. A consistent process of volition is detectable during early, deliberative planning, and not only during late, execution-related time windows.


Phosphoraniminato complexes of cadmium [CdX(NPEt3)]4 {X = Cl (1), Br (2), I (3), [CdI(NPMe3)]4 (4)} are formed by the reaction of cadmium dihalides with silylated phosphoranimines Me3SiNPR3 (R = Me, Et) in the presence of a fluoride source, e.g. NaF, at elevated temperatures. High yields can be achieved when R = Et and X is a heavy halogen. The exocyclic bromo function in complex 2 can be replaced by reaction with organolithium reagents to give organocadmium compounds [CdMe(NPEt3)]4 (5) and [Cd(C2SiMe3)(NPEt3)]4 (6) in excellent yields. Complexes 1−6 consist of a [Cd4N4] heterocubane core in which the cadmium atoms are linked by μ3-N bridges of the phosphoraniminato ligand with the cubane angles being close to 90°. The crystal structure of an unsymmetrical cubane [Cd4I4(OSiMe3)(NPEt3)3] (7) is reported, in which one of the phosphoraniminato moieties has been replaced by a silyloxy function. All complexes are colorless oxygen- and moisture-sensitive crystalline materials, the heterocubane structure of whic...


Swarm robotics is a field of research in which multiple robots coordinate behaviors to solve cognitive problems that exceed individual ability. This paper reports a case study of swarm robotics in a collective cognition task where robots have to cooperatively forage for foods of specific size and bring them back to the nest. The sensory ability of each robot is limited to local and is insufficient to distinguish food's size. We succeeded in developing an artificial neural network controller through the use of evolutionary swarm robotics approach. Computer simulation results show that the robotic swarm exhibits collective cognition to achieve the given task.


We studied the internal structure of snow by conducting a Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) survey which has used for the study of the ground structure and the site in the past. First, the laboratory experiment was conducted to study variations in the radio wave's reflection patterns of the internal structure of snow at the Snow and Ice Research Center of NIED. Ice layers and water channels were created in an artificial snow block, and the reflections of radio waves under various conditions were analyzed. In the water channel, it was found that the formation of air spaces by the flow of water caused stronger reflection of radio waves, but when the flow of water increased and the air spaces were filled, radio waves weakened. Also, it could be confirmed the ice layer within the snow was appeared as the strong reflection. Next, GPR field survey was conducted to study the time-change of snow structure at the Murodo region in the Mt. Tateyama during the snowmelt season. In 2007, the internal structure of snow was surveyed over a wide range. From this survey, the changes in the internal structure of snow during the snowmelt season could be identified by the repeated investigations, and the distribution of the snow depth and the snowmelt process could be studied using two dimensional data. In 2008, GPR survey was conducted in the same area to acquire three-dimensional data, which enabled us to estimate the disappearance of ice layers and the route of water channels. These results show that the analysis data of GPR survey are appropriate for the assessment of the internal structure of snow.


It introduces the effect of optimum design in controlling project constructing investment,elaborates main measures of optimum design from design checking,designing bidding,quota design,value project principles.It also analyzes the reasons why the optimum design hard to operate,so as to reduce the project investment,and realize the best economic,social and environment benefits of constructing items.


Khaled Skaik1,2 , Mustafa Fakih3 and Sabah NA Hussain2 1Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada 2Meakins-Christie Laboratories and Translational Research in Respiratory Diseases Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Department of Critical Care, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada 3Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada


The evolutionary history of two disparate organisms, each with their own unique evolutionary question, was studied using phylogenetic analysis of DNA sequences. Polytoma, a non-photosynthetic alga of the family Chlamydomonadaceae, is most closely related to the photosynthetic genus Chlamydomonas based on morphological evidence. Complete sequences of the Rrn18 genes were obtained from 13 strains of Polytoma. Phylogenetic analysis showed that these strains formed two clades. One clade shows m odest sequence diversity but is represented by strains collected at widely dispersed sites in Europe and America. The other clade consists of a single isolate from the Canary Islands. Both clades lie well within the extended clade that includes all species of Chlamydomonas for which sequence data are available. The two Polytoma clades are separated from each other by several green species, indicating that the extant nonphotosynthetic Chlamydomonadaceae arose from photosynthetic ancestors at least twice. These results further suggest that nonphotosynthetic mutants are capable of establishing lineages that can spread widely but have a higher probability of extinction than their photosynthetic congeners. Acanthamoeba castellanii is the agent responsible for Acanthamoeba keratitis, a potentially vision-threating opportunistic parasitic infestation of the cornea in humans. It has generally been assum ed that Acanthamoeba reproduces asexually, primarily from lack of any evidence indicating otherwise. Since the method of reproduction can affect the etiology and treatment of the infection, we decided to use molecular sequence data to determine the method of reproduction. Ancient asexual lineages will accumulate allelic sequence divergence (ASD), and unless this divergence is masked by frequent convergence events such as mitotic recombination, gene conversion, or ploidy cycles, measurement of ASD can be used diagnostically to determine the mode of reproduction of an organism. The IB P gene was PCR amplified, cloned, and sequenced from Acanthamoeba castellanii Neff and Acanthamoeba griffini S7. Divergences between alleles within a clonal culture of each species were within the expected range for sexually reproducing species; alternately Acanthamoeba might be an asexual species with a high frequency of sequence convergence events. A phylogenetic tree constructed from the data failed to show the allele-specific topology expected of an obligate asexual species in the absence of convergence. Southern blotting showed IB P to be a single-copy gene; thus the minimum ploidy of Acanthamoeba can be determined by the number of unique alleles found. Acanthamoeba griffini S7 had eleven unique alleles, suggesting a minimum ploidy for Acanthamoeba of eleven. ASD was greater in A. griffinithan in A. castellanii, implying that there are significant differences in the effective population size, frequency of sex, or the frequency of convergence events between the two species. Additional study is required to resolve this issue.


The hypothesis that the presence of fish farming zones affects the water quality and plankton communities was investigated in an Aegean Sea fish farm during February, June, September and January 2000–2001. In the spatial coverage, a total of 12 stations were sampled; three of them were reference stations. A variance analysis was applied to the measurements made at the stations near the fish farms and at the control stations. While no significant differences in concentrations of nutrients, chlorophyll a, particulate organic carbon and particulate organic nitrogen were detected between the stations and the control sites within one season, significant differences were detected between the parameter values measured except for total dissolved phosphorus and dissolved organic phosphorus at different seasons. The seasonal differences were also significant with regard to the biodiversity. Together with these temporal differences in general, there was a higher diversity of species at the control site as compared with the other stations in September, which was the key season to detection of significant changes. The most important consideration is that it is not sufficient to take the instantaneous values for the physico-chemical variables; rather, it is necessary to monitor the biological parameters in order to define the differences in the ecosystem.


Water scarcity and the lack of access to land are critical issues facing many farmers today. Jan du Plessis, general manager of CAN-SA, spoke to Gerhard Uys about his company's water-efficient vertical farming operation.


The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between special education provision in Norway and school district leaders' perspectives regarding (a) the need for special education and (b) the importance and prevalence of integrated and segregated approaches. Findings indicate that the percentage of students perceived as being in need of special education was significantly higher than the percentage of students who actually receive this support. However, districts in which an increased need was reported did not have lower enrolment in special education than regions in which participants felt that the level of special education provision was appropriate. No relationship was found between the percentage of students receiving special education and the importance placed on either segregated or integrated approaches. Whereas virtually all participants valued integrated solutions, segregated approaches received higher ratings of importance in districts where these practices were prevalent.


In this paper, we try to study a special class of frame wavelets in Banach spaces whose Fourier transforms are supported by frame wavelet sets. Our results generalize the various results of (2) to Banach spaces other than Hilbert spaces using the Feichtinger and Grochenig theory. 2001 AMS Subject Classification : 42C99 Keywords and phrases : Banach spaces, frame wavelet, left Haar measure.


97 1 wide empty space on its right. The editors suggest that, our calligrapher was concerned to aline the diacritical points before avrUa in v. 2 with those before irorrjpiov in v. i : but it is not a convincing suggestion that he should insist on that trifling uniformity at the cost of so unsightly a stretch of the line. Photograph and facsimile indicate plainly that there is abundant room for two letters in the gap: irorepi\ov\ it must have been; and in reply to the statement that 'lo spazio esclude 7rore/>i[oi/]', I observe that the accurately drawn facsimile shows the space available for ON here to be almost exactly the same as for NO in Kevov (v. 2), and slightly greater than the space assigned to NO between fcaAAioref̂ a] and a^poSires (v. 3). We must start from the position that iroTepi[pv] was written; and opinions may then go divergent ways. Some may think it essential to the meaning that 'this cup', roCSe v-orrjplov, should be specified in words: they are free to suppose that norepiov was written in error for Trorepio, perhaps corrected by deletion of N—have we not already found three mistakes, two of them corrected, in the last half-dozen words ? (1. iroropiov corrected to trorepiov; 2. ? inserted between ho and 8a; 3. v omitted after ha). Others may judge differently: rovBe might naturally denote the owner of the cup—the balance between Necrropos iron/jputv and rovSe irorqpvov would immediately suggest this; and nobody would need to be told that Trorrjptov in v. 2 signifies this cup, the one on which the inscription is written. In short, it is not essential that 'this cup' should be expressed in words; for the point is perfectly made by the contrast between 'Nestor's cup' and 'this man's cup'. Is it thought strange that the owner should refer to himself as oSe, not giving his name ? I doubt whether we are justified in pressing him so hard. This is not a simple ownership inscription: it is a stylish epigrammatic composition, the work of one who (like so many others, I suppose, in his own time and for very long before and after) had a flair for fashioning elegant verses in the Epic manner. rovSe Trorrjplov may seem intrinsically preferable; but there is little doubt that rovSe iroi-qpiov was written, and nobody can say that it does not suit the sense. Trinity College, Cambridge D. L. PAGE


This paper computes Malawi`s equilibrium real exchange rate as a function of its fundamentals as derived from economic theory. It finds evidence in favor of the equilibrium approach to exchange rate determination, with several variables (particularly government consumption and real per capita growth) found to drive movements in the time-varying equilibrium real exchange rate. The results also indicate that following a shock there is a rapid reversion of the real exchange rate to its time-varying equilibrium, with a half-life of reversion of about 11 months.


Diabetes mellitus is the leading cause of death and morbidity from long-term consequences. Antibiotic resistance is the most common treatment for diabetic foot ulcers. Chronic wounds are caused by antibiotic misuse, mistreatment of medications, and a reduction in the effectiveness of effective antibiotics in the wound or infection environment. Chemical suppression of bacterial intercellular communication, particularly quorum sensing, is of particular relevance in this regard because it regulates pathogenicity in many therapeutically relevant infections where resistance to antibiotics is a challenge. Resistance genes are also acquired through the interchange of bacterial plasmids and chromosomal. Our aim and objective is to microbiological culture study for the clinical pus samples of foot diabetic patients. Our study comprised 131 samples from diabetic foot ulcer patients, with male patients providing for 59% and female patients accounting for 41%. In 131 sample progressing reports, 81 isolates were discovered, ranging in age from 40 to 80 years. The most commonly infected age groups are 51 to 60, with the majority of infection cases categorized as grade III. A sample was taken. The sample grew 97 percent of the time and grew just 3% of the time, with mono microbial growth 48 percent of the time and poly microbial growth 49 percent of the time. MDR Gram positive staphylococci 14 isolates and gram negative pseudomonas 11 isolates showed resistance to 25 culture DNase enzyme activity. In staphylococci 9 isolates and pseudomonas 6 isolates, the DNase enzyme activity in DNase agar media light zone formed. In conclusion diabetic foot ulcers are one of the most prevalent, expensive, and serious consequences of diabetes, and they are considered a major public health issue. Early diagnosis and successful therapy require accurate identification of the causative microorganisms.


The compounds NaHCO3, NaOH, NaO and NaO2 are formed from meteor-ablated Na in the upper mesosphere. This paper reports the absolute photolysis cross-sections of these species at selected wavelengths between 193 and 423 nm, measured by laser photofragment spectroscopy. The sodium species were produced in both a slow flow reactor and a fast flow tube, by the addition of appropriate reagents to a flow of atomic Na from a heat-pipe oven. The pulsed photolysis source was either a Raman-shifted excimer laser or a Nd:YAG laser, and the resulting Na atoms were probed by laser induced fluorescence at 589.0 nm (Na(3 2P3/2–2S1/2)). Measurements are reported at 200 and 300 K. A limited set of cross-sections for NaO3 was also obtained at 300 K. In the case of NaHCO3, NaOH and NaO, the onset of photolysis is close to the thermodynamic threshold calculated
from quantum theory. Calculations using the CI-singles method predict excited states whose relative energies are in sensible accord with the bands in the experimental spectra, but which are too high in energy with respect to their respective ground states. Photodissociation coefficients are then derived which are appropriate for modelling sodium chemistry in the upper mesosphere. Photolysis of the major sodium reservoir species, NaHCO3, is shown to be an important route for recycling this compound, and is also predicted to produce the HCO3 radical, which should be stable under mesospheric conditions.


This exploration of the importance of design in scholarly publishing by Robert Tombs was originally presented as the introduction to a panel discussion on the same subject at the annual meeting of the Association of American University Presses in Toronto, Ontario, in 2001. Participants on the panel included George Mackie, RDI, freelance designer; Cameron Poulter, freelance designer; Henk van Assen, acting co-director of the Department of Graphic Design at Yale School of Art; and Jenny Armour, freelance designer.


´Solar Crest´ is a company producer and marketer of energy bars with high caloric content, the company found a market opportunity in the city of Quito, specifically for athletes that are looking for products not harmful to their health, or their performance at the time of exercise. There is a significant acceptance from the consumers to buy national brands, a growing industry with growth rate, improved processes and established technologies, which provide consumer safety; this is reflected in the results obtained in the analysis of environments. In order to know the profile of the consumers, a market research was carried out where the qualitative and quantitative part was taken into account. The consumer's desire, its main characteristics and the perceived value for the product were captured; On the other hand, the quantitative part was elaborated through surveys where numerical and segmentation information was obtained on the frequency of consumption. Next, an operations plan was established that identifies the staff to work in the company, the organizational culture, the times and costs that will be used in the processes. Finally, a financial model was formulated, using premises that are linked to the reality of Ecuador, where all the costs, incomes and expenses that Solar Crest needs for its operation in a period of 5 years were cataloged.


A novel, simple, specific and accurate spectrophotometric method is developed and validated for determination of simvastatin ( SM) and ezatimibe( EZ ) namely; constant center spectrophotometric method( CCSM) .The proposed spectrophotometric method do not require any separation step. Linear correlation was obtained in range 2-16 µg/ml and 4-24 µg/ml for simvastatin and ezatimibe respectively, with mean recoveries 100.15± 1.281 for simvastatin and 100.12± 0.818 for ezatimibe. The proposed method was applied to pharmaceutical formulation and the results obtained were statistically compared with reported HPLC method . The statistical comparison showed that there is no significant difference between the proposed method and the reported HPLC method regarding both accuracy and precision. The method was validated according to ICH guidelines


Objective:To explore the expression and significance of endostatin in glioma and the relationship with angiogenesis.Methods:The expression of endostatin in the paraffin-embeded section of 46 cases of glioma and 5 cases of normal brain tissues were evaluated by immunohistochemistry method.The microvessel density(MVD) of glioma and normal brain tissues were also examined with anti-CD34 as the label.Results:The endostatin was highly expressed in glioma tissues,and the expression level was enhanced with the increase of tumor malignancy.The expression of endostatin was positively correlated with MVD of glioma.Conclusion:The endostatin plays an important role in genesis and development of glioma;and might become an effective indicator for the evaluation of tumor malignancy and the prognosis.


This article aims to reconstruct the tradition of Gasparo Contarini's physical treatise De elementis, comparing all the extant witnesses. In the second part of the article, it is explored how the treatise reached a widespread diffusion and success in the universities, thanks to its clear exposition of Aristotle's doctrine. A specialattention is devoted to those Renaissance philosophers and professors who quoted Contarini in order to defend Aristotle's natural philosophy against the new theories of Telesio and Campanella


Objective: To study the effect of 2,3,5,4'-tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-β-D-glucoside on expression of adhesion molecules ICAM-1,VCAM-1 induced by H2O2 on human umbilical vein endothelial cells.Methods: The cultured cells were divided into four groups: control group,H2O2 group,positive group,and TSG group.The expression of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 mRNA and protein were detected by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) respectively.Results:Treated endothelial cells with 200 μmol·L-1 H2O2,the expression of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 mRNA and protein level was significant higher(P0.01).TSG pretreatment endothelial cells for 4h before treated with 200 μmol·L-1 H2O2,results showed that TSG could inhibit the expression of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 mRNA and protein level induced by H2O2 on endothelial cells.Conclusions: TSG can inhibit the expression of adhesion molecules induced by H2O2 on human umbilical vein endothelial cells.


A microphotoluminescence study of single InAs/GaAs quantum dots (QDs) in the presence of an applied external magnetic field is presented. Attention is focused on the redistribution between the spec ...


THE importance of this group of diseases is being gradually realized in civil life, largely owing to the work of the Empire Rheumatism Council. It was recently found that they constitute 14 per cent of all sickness amongst the insured population of Great Britain (Glover and Coneybeare), Ilnd in view of this figure it is surprising that so little attention had previously been given by national and local authorities, on account of the great loss which this must represent. As regards the B.E.F., it is known that the incidence of these diseases in the peace-time army is fairly high. It is extremely unlikely under active service conditions, which inevitably involve an increase in exposure, and other contributory factors, that 'this incidence will be lowered. Herringham, writing in the history of the last war on the tremendous wastage of human material and effort from medical causes, stated that more man-power was lost through sO-balled minor illness, amongst which "rheumatism" takes a very high place, than combined casualties and major sickness. It is the belief of the writer that so far as "rheumatism" is involved such loss is avoidable by comparatively simple means.


The security bulletin from the foreign drug supervision and management department and the related literature at home and abroad have been reviewed and analyzed. The analysis results show that a risk of increasing mortality, serious cardiovascular and thromboembolic events and tumor progre- ssion may be related with the use of recombinant human erythropoietin(rHuEPO).


On the basis of the perturbative QCD and the relativistic quark model we investigate the relativistic and bound state effects in the production processes of a pair of $S$-wave doubly heavy mesons consisting of $b$ and $c$ quarks. Relativistic factors in the production amplitude connected with the relative motion of heavy quarks and the transformation law of the bound state wave function to the reference frame of the moving pseudoscalar $\mathcal{P}$- and vector $\mathcal{V}$-mesons are taken into account. Relativistic corrections of the second order in the heavy quark relative momentum and bound state corrections proportional to the quark binding energies in the doubly heavy mesons are calculated in the production rates. We obtain an increase of the cross section for the reaction ${e}^{+}+{e}^{\ensuremath{-}}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}J/\ensuremath{\Psi}+{\ensuremath{\eta}}_{c}$ due to the considered effects by a factor $2\textdiv{}2.5$ in the range of the center-of-mass energy $\sqrt{s}=6\textdiv{}12\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{GeV}$.


Based on the field theory in physics,the paper uses the economic situation of Nanyang area as analytical objects,and makes an inquiry into the economic space completely to GIS.Describe the economic situation of Nanyang visually by the spatial trend-surface and the grads field.


Objective: To investigate the Clinical features of AIDS complicated with PCP,enhancing the awareness of the disease,Referencing for clinical diagnosis and treatment.Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the Clinical data of 123 cases of AIDS complicated with PCP in the clinical treatment of AIDS in Henan Province Center from January 2008 to December 2009.Results: During the 123 cases of AIDS complicated with PCP,34% were already received HAART and 66% were not.All patients had regular took SMZ for preventive treatment.The average CD+4 T lymphocyte count were 54 cells/mm3.A variety of opportunistic infections,mainly bacterial pneumonia(85%),mycotic stomatitis(75%) were combined.Conclusion: AIDS complicated with PCP is severe illness,high mortality,combinating of multiple opportunistic infections.The treatment is more difficult.The prognosis is poor.Early diagnosis of AIDS in a timely manner to accept HAART,norms taking preventive medication,improve compliance,improve immunity is the key.


For insuring power supply safely in full mechanized coal face in Tashan coal mine,aim at the characteristics of the comprehensive kit equipments to be used during the process of cutting coal in especially thick coal bed,analysing and researching the 3.3 kV class power supply system,make the project of power supply turn excellent.through putting it into practice,enunciate that this kind of project is scientific and reasonable,it can raise credibility of power supply in full mechanized coal face,promote safety production in coal mine,raise produce efficiency in coal mine.


Abstract This paper introduces a new context adaptationframework for building context dependent HMM modelsin LVCSR. In this new framework, all states of eachcenter phone are clustered into groups by the decisiontree algorithm. All the tied states of context dependentHMM models were then derived by adapting theparameters of the multiple-mixture context independentmodel via data dependent MAP (maximum a posterioriprobability)method using the training vectorscorresponding to the tied state. An advantage of thisapproach is that it can maintain a high prediction andclassification power given limited training data thereforethe model trained in this framework is more reliable thanin conventional framework. Experimental results onWall Street Journal corpora demonstrate that theproposed approach leads to a significant improvement inrecognition performance. 1. Introduction Decision tree state tying based context modeling hasbecome increasingly popular for modeling speechvariations in large vocabulary speech recognition[1][2].In the conventional framework the stochastic classifierfor each tied state is trained using Baum-Welchalgorithm using the training data corresponding to thespecific tied state[3]. However, the context dependentclassifiers trained using this method are not so reliablefor the training data corresponding to each tied state islimited and model parameters are easily to be affectedby undesired sources of information such as speaker andchannel differences contained in the training data. Toattack this problem, We propose a new contextadaptation method to estimate the parameters of contextdependent models. In this method, a multiple-mixturecontext independent model is trained firstly. In decisiontree clustering, single mixture Gaussian models wereused to establish the state tying. After all the contextdependent states are clustered into groups, the clusteredstates of context dependent model were derived byadapting the parameters of the context independentmodel via data dependent MAP method using trainingdata corresponding to the tied state. We consider themulti-mixture context independent model as coveringthe space of more broad speaker and environmentclasses of speech signal, then adaptation is the contextdependent tuning of those speaker and environmentclasses observed in context's training speech. Mixtureparameters for those speaker and environment classesnot observed in the training speech of the specific tiedstate are merely copied from the context independentmodel. This means that the model has higher predictionand classification power for the test data from speakerand environment classes unseen or rarely seen in thecontext's training data. Experimental results on WallStreet Journal corpora demonstrate that the proposedapproaches lead to a significant improvement inrecognition performance.


Abstract : This monograph attempts to provide the reader with an understanding of the dynamics and rational context for Iranian strategic power projection in the 21st century. Using the Iran-Iraq War as a lens through which to examine Iran during a stressful conventional conflict, the research illustrates a number of characteristics and trends still representative of the regime today. In Muslim nations, particularly Iran, Islam is thoroughly ingrained in diplomatic/political, information, military, and economic power (DIME) while also being a separate, valid element of national power. This concept is one of many that make Iran unique and forces Western thinkers to re-evaluate their perspectives when dealing with Muslim countries in general and Iran in particular. A review of Iran's cultural and historical background provides a number of topics relevant to Iranian strategic power projection, including geopolitical history, economics, religion, and the revolution. From this foundation, the monograph moves to specific events in the Iran-Iraq War. The monograph examines the Iran-Iraq War through three events: the 1982 decision to conduct the counteroffensive into Iraq, the arms-for-hostages deal with the United States, and the 1986 Fao offensive. These three events demonstrate the significance of internal politics in strategic power projection, the failure of conventional military operations to attain strategic objectives, the tension between revolutionary and pragmatic Iranian diplomacy, and the use of Islam as a tool of power projection. The author describes the impact of these events on the Iran-Iraq War, and asserts that the three events form a causal linkage -- each event sets the conditions for the one that follows, eventually leading to defeat. He concludes that the continued existence of the revolutionary regime was more important than winning the war.


This paper is a contribution to a program to see symmetry breaking in a weakly interacting many Boson system on a three dimensional lattice at low temperature. It is part of an analysis of the "small field" approximation to the "parabolic flow" which exhibits the formation of a "Mexican hat" potential well. Bounds on the fluctuation integral covariance, as well as on some other linear operators, are an important ingredient in our renormalization group step analysis. These bounds are proven here.


.– We examined predatory behavior of the keeled-scaled snail-eating snake Pareas carinatus on three types of terrestrial gastropods, the fully shelled dextral snail Cryptozona siamensis , the semi-slug Durgella sp. with the substantially reduced shell, and the slug Semperula siamensis with no shell, by observations in captivity. We devised an ethogram to describe the snakes' characteristic behaviors toward the putative standard prey Cryptozona siamensis . In three predatory phases, the snake displayed 15 serial behaviors, which could be classified into nine categories of function. After the snake fixed the eyes onto given prey, the snake took a longer time before striking but a shorter time to finish feeding on the semi-slug than on the snail. The snake stared but did not strike at the slug, and flicked the tongue more times before it discontinued staring than before striking at the snail or semi-slug. This suggests that the snake P. carinatus does not prey on a slug. Our results provide the ethological basis to investigate the ecology and evolution of predatory behavior in snail-eating


Wavelets on irregular point sets Revealing a lognormal cascading process in turbulent velocity statistics with wavelet analysis Wavelets for the study of intermittency and its topology Wavelets in statistics: beyond the standard assumptions Wavelets and the theory of non-parametric function-estimation Ridgelets: a key to higher-dimensional intermittency? Wavelets in time-series analysis Wavelets, vision, and the statistics of natural scenes Image processing with complex wavelets Application of wavelets to filtering of noisy data Approximation and compression of piecewise smooth functions The contribution of wavelets to the analysis of economic and financial data Harmonic wavelets in vibrations and acoustics


In this study, the effect of zinc impurity on the organic high explosive pentaerythritol tetranitrate (PETN) single crystal has been investigated with optical microscopy and ex situ atomic force microscopy (AFM). The optical images show that the crystal shape has a transition with a predictable trend from long crystal to compact one as the zinc concentration is increased. Also, the 2‐dimentional (2‐D) growth hillocks are observed clearly on (110) face with contact AFM. The crystal growth occurs on monomolecular steps generated by 2‐D nucleation and followed by layer‐by‐layer expansion, and the macro‐steps formed onto the surface before spreading laterally as step bunches. The zinc ions are incorporated in growth steps as the zinc concentration is increased. The mechanism of inorganic impurity on molecular crystallization growth is still unclear. However, the incorporation of impurities may significantly affect growth kinetics of defect structure, and the bulk properties of molecular crystals. (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)


Superconductor YBa 2-x Ag x Cu 3 O 7- δ in a bulk form has been developed through modified sol-gel processing. The preparation involved dissolving metal organic precursor in a mixture of propanoic acid and propylamine which then undergo for annealing at 900 °C for 5 hours and sintering at 950 °C for 5 hours. The bulk samples were characterized using X-ray diffractogram (XRD), resistivity measurement technique and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). The highest T C value was found at 84 K for x=0.05. The value decrease as the Ag concentration increase. The highest J C value measured for x =0.05 were 5.977 A/cm 2 at 50 K and 4.748 A/cm 2 a 60 K. 123 phase remains as orthorhombic for all samples. SEM micrograph showed the clear grains for the pure samples and it became not visible as the Ag concentration increase.


A numerical modeling approach is applied to investigate the combined effect of wave-current-mud on the evolution of nonlinear waves. A frequency-domain phase-resolving wave-current model that solves nonlinear wave-wave interactions is used to solve wave evolution. A comparison between the results of numerical wave model and the laboratory experiments confirms the accuracy of the numerical model. The model is then applied to consider the effect of mud properties on nonlinear surface wave evolution. It is shown that resonance effect in viscoelastic mud creates a complex frequency-dependent dissipation pattern. In fact, due to the resonance effect, higher surface wave frequencies can experience higher damping rates over viscoelastic mud compared to viscous mud in both permanent form solution and random wave scenarios. Thus, neglecting mud elasticity can result in inaccuracies in estimating total wave energy and wave shape.


The title compound, [PdCI(CH3)(CIsH15As)2], was obtained as yellow crystals from the reaction of [PdC1Me(1,5-cyclooctadiene)] with triphenylarsine. The molecular structure is approximately square planar, with the two arsine ligands in mutually trans positions, and Pd---As distances of 2.3989 (5) and 2.4067 (5)~, and Pd--C1 and Pd---C distances of 2.4086 (11) and 2.095 (4) ,~, respectively.


The development strategy that was adopted by India after independence based on central planning, which is failed to make conscious effort to promote labour intensive employment growth. Employment trends in industries can be better understood by employment growth and employment elasticity. The low employment elasticity is the sensation of low growth in employment in comparison to output growth. Developing countries focused on low employment elasticity because of low level of job growth after economic reforms. This study focuses on the employment elasticity in industrial sectors which include Agricultural sector, Mining and Quarrying, Manufacturing, electricity, construction, wholesale retail trade, transport storage, other services in India for the period 1993–1994, 2004–2005 and 2011–2012. The study is based on secondary data. The analysis used recent available data from Census of India, NSSO reports, RBI reports to fulfill the objective. The employment elasticity's with respect to gross domestic product by industrial classification in major states has been calculated. It has been found that the employment elasticity in agriculture is found to be very low and highest employment elasticity in construction sector. The study concluded that on an aggregate level high employment elasticity is a result of increasing output but not employment in some sectors.


The Square Kilometre Array (SKA) is an ambitious project to build the world's largest radio observatory: a low frequency (50 { 350 MHz) array in Western Australia, and a mid-frequency (0.35 { 15 GHz) array in South Africa. The SKA's Global Headquarters will be at the Jodrell Bank Observatory in the UK. Once in steady-state operations, the SKA will have one of the largest data rates of any research infrastructure in the world. One key challenge for SKA is to manage its digital data they are passed from receptors in the field, through several stages of processing before being delivered. In addition, a global network of SKA Regional Centres (SRCs) is planned, where advanced data products will be generated and processed for analysis, collaboration, publication and preservation. This paper will describe the operational concept for the SKA and the challenges faced by its distributed operational model. The paper provides an update on the current work leading to the development of a collaborative network of SRCs around the world.


It is a well known fact that the assessment of an existing structure cannot be performed on the basis of a design code. The fact that the structure is an existing object in stead of a proposal on paper, proves to make great difference. In the case of an existing structure one has, for instance, the possibility to measure its geometry, its material properties and even some load parameters. In general this may lead to less conservative "design values" in the assessment. An other point of difference between assessment of existing structures and design is relatively large cost involved in structural strengthening. This may lead to some release of the reliability requirements and to a wide range of possible repair measures. The presentation will address both the item of target safety levels and the derivation of design values on the basis of observations and measurements. Furthermore attention will be given to the various situations that may give rise to the assessment, the general assessment procedure, the depth to which analytical and experimental tools should be used and the possible final decisions. The presentation will be given as a comment to Chapter 8 of the draft ISO 2394, Reliability of Structures. This Chapter is especially devoted to the assessment of existing structures and may be regarded as the first international model code in this field


Scattering amplitudes for the pion photoproductions have been derived on the chiral bag model by taking into account pion cloud effects, pion-pole term, and antiquark propagation. The differential cross section for $^{13}\mathrm{C}$(\ensuremath{\gamma},${\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+}$${)}^{13}$B has also been calculated.


From its very beginnings this country has provided for copyright protection, as written in the Constitution, "To promote the Progress of Science and useful Arts, by securing for limited Times to Authors and Inventors the exclusive Right to their respective Writings and Discoveries."' Such protection for the creative works of authors is intended to ensure they receive compensation for their works, and thus can continue creating.2 It is unlikely our forefathers could have ever imagined the conflicts that would arise with the advancement of technology, particularly in the digital age.


The advantages of MultivariateAnalysis of Variance (MANOVA) and Discriminant Analysis for data analysis in behavioral research are discussed. For research in which multiple outcome measures are employed, multivariate techniques provide for more conservative and more precise estimates of treatment effects. Themost important advantageis that these methodsconsider correlations between the outcome measures. Recommendations are offered for the use of these techniques. The meaningsof some multivariate statisticsare also discussed.


The present day demand due to the depletion of fossil fuel resources on a worldwide basis has forced an urgent seek for alternative energy sources a well known as renewable energy sources. In distributed systems, renewable energy sources are gently integrated by power electronics interfaces. Substantial handle of power electronics devices generates harmonic current and may minimize power quality. Integration of renewable energy sources and nonlinear loads installed to utility grid has virtually effect on power quality of the system. This power quality problem should be addressed so incidentally provide proper & quality power at the same time integrating renewable energy sources. The renewable energy source hand me down here is photovoltaic (PV) system. This paper presents renewable energy source interfacing mutually the grid that compensates power quality problems by a grid interfacing inverter control. The grid interfacing inverter gate pulse is generated by a hysteresis current control method and it has the power to (1) minimize harmonics current (2) improve power factor (3) compensate reactive power and (4) supply active power to the load in DG. Total Harmonics Distortion (THD) of the grid installed system is analyzed. This work is modeled and simulated in MATLAB/ Simulink.


Czochralski grown SBN:Fe and SBN:Ce crystals have been studied by photoconductivity and temperature dependent conductivity in order to understand the nature of trapping centers in these materials.