1. The use of freshly prepared solutions of sodium hypobromite instead of boiling hydrogen peroxide solutions in the pretreatment of soils for mechanical analysis by the pipette method has the following advantages: (a) Soils containing manganese dioxide or large amounts of organic matter may be oxidised rapidly without heat, whereas oxidation of such soils by hydrogen peroxide is a tedious operation requiring large amounts of reagent. (b) Possible changes in the clay through heating and the dissolution of considerable amounts of sesquioxides are avoided. (c) The reagents are cheaper and more stable, especially in the tropics. (d) It makes possible further simplification in the technique of mechanical analysis.


This paper suggests an innovative multi-machine coordinated drive system for electric rail vehicles, equipped by onboard supercapacitor to recuperate braking energy. An effective energy management strategy is also presented for it to reduce both current magnitude of the main supply and the dc bus voltage drop during train acceleration. Moreover, an applicable model predictive control method is introduced to control the speeds of its two open-winding Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machines at the same time, while considering their voltages and currents constraints independently. Simulation results show the validity and effectiveness of the proposed drive topology, and the feasibility of the designed controller in terms of required computational power and memory.


Undocumented Latinx youth in Tennessee envision higher education as the single pathway to enable their upward economic and social mobility. Many of these young people enroll in private, historically white, Evangelical Christian colleges that provide financial support otherwise unavailable to undocumented youth. At the same time, university actors struggle to meet students' other needs as undocumented and minoritized individuals. Based on long-term ethnographic fieldwork, I demonstrate how youth struggle with the hidden personal costs of educational access and the upward mobility it promises. Most significantly, Latinx immigrant youth must navigate the tensions between the ever-present legacy of racial segregation and animus in Evangelical traditions and their status as the embodiment of newfound, institutionally desirable "diversity." As these students negotiate deeply racialized social and academic orders, they grow ambivalent about the promises of educational mobility, particularly if that mobility is contingent upon conforming to "respectable" forms of diversity. Centering youth's ambivalence reveals both the contingent value of educational mobility to those experiencing it and the limits of university policies intended to increase educational access.


218 bacterial isolates obtained from different legume species belonging to the Gensisteae tribe (Lupinus micruntus, Retama sphaerocarpa, Retama raetam and Cytisus vilosus) from different sampling sites in Algeria were studied. Cultivated on YMA medium these strains show a slow growth. The phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rDNA and the household genes of the representatives of these strains indicates that they belong to the genus Bradyrhizobium. A variety of Bradyrhizobium sp. (1, 2, 3) is present in this collection with the presence of strains that can lead to new species. (1) Boulila Farida et al., (2009). Syst. Appl. Microbiol. 32:245?255. (2) Ahnia, et al (2014). Antonie van Leeuwenhoek, J.Microbiol. ISSN 0003-6072, Volume 105 [6] 1121?1129. (3) Bourebaba and al., (2016). Syst. Appl. Microbiol. 39 266?274. This study was supported by the AECID project A1/038234/11. Bourebaba acknowledges support of the National Exceptional. Program (PNE), a fellowship from the Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific research of Algeria at CBGP, Madrid.


The patterned interaction between synaptic inputs on the muscle fibers of crustacean claws has been found to be important in delineating claw behavior. When the excitatory and inhibitory neurons are fired at different frequencies in the opener muscle of the cutter claw of lobster Homarus Americanus, a complex pattern of postsynaptic potentials (PSPs) is observed. To analyze the nature of these varying patterns, an electrical equivalent circuit model of a single cell with two synapses, one excitatory and one inhibitory, is used. This model is implemented using a circuit simulation program. The PSP patterns generated by this model compare favorably with the patterns obtained from experiments. Thus the model can be used to formulate a theoretical basis for such pattern generation.<<ETX>>


Detecting duplicate and near-duplicate documents is critical in applications like Web crawling since it helps save document processing resources. Simhash is a state-of-art method to assign a bit-string fingerprint to a document, such that similar documents have similar fingerprints. Finding the near-duplicates in a large collection of documents consists of two stages: (a) compute the simhash fingerprint of each document, and (b) find pairs of similar fingerprints by computing their Hamming distance. Previous work has focused on optimizing the second stage, i.e., avoiding the quadratic number of comparisons to compute the all to all Hamming distance. However, our experiments show that the total time is dominated by the first stage (the fingerprints computation), which is the focus of this paper. We propose an implementation of simhash on Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs), by implementing a customized fingerprint computing engine in hardware that exploits parallelization and pipelining opportunities. We present a comprehensive experimental evaluation on large diverse real document datasets. Our experiments show a speedup of 362× in the simhash computation, and savings of up to 98% in overall near-duplicate detection execution time compared to using multi-core CPUs.


In this issue, we offer a range of articles that cover a wide array of topics and issues. Song and Fergnani look at pandemic films with an eye toward social imaginaries leading to scenarios to provide insights on how future outbreaks can and might be navigated. Next, Zaidi puts forward a methodological meditation on how archetypes can leverage systems thinking and patterned-hope stories can and might break cycles of negative narratives. Anthony reflects on teaching critical futures studies in China with a focus on impacts across the educational landscape in contexts where such approaches are nonexistent. Kuusi and Heinonen analyze the Millennium Project's Work/Technology 2050 study. Finally, Carson pens an essay that centers on the role and place of futures and foresight within academic disciplines of political science and international relations (What's Next: COVID-19 both is and is not a black swan (and that's ok): Futures within and Beyond a Time of Crisis).


This article presents the execution method of a cable stayed bridge over the Vistula River in Krakow together with FEM-based computational simulations carried out during the design process. The performed calculations concern the global system in its final stage and in the construction stages as well as local analysis of construction details. The obtained results made it possible to work out efficient solutions that contribute to a significant reduction of the project cost and execution time shortening.


After being transported into Europe during the Neolithic, mouflon (Ovis aries musimon) became extinct from mainland Europe, but remnant populations persisted and became feral on the Mediterranean islands of Corsica and Sardinia. These populations have been used for reintroductions across continental Europe during the last 200 years. This thesis aimed to investigate the global and local ancestry of European mouflon and domestic sheep, to investigate signals of artificial and natural selection in their genomes, and to develop analytical frameworks and informatic tools to aid similar analyses using SNP array data. I describe the development of software that allows rapid investigation of genome-wide SNP data to infer effective population size trajectories using patterns of linkage disequilibrium. I inferred the absence of widespread sheep introgression in extant European mouflon populations although signals of recent introgression were recorded in one enclosed Sardinian mouflon population. By applying a novel approach to aid the investigation of local genomic ancestry data, signals of mouflon ancestry in sheep could be inferred and were found to be related to biological functions involved with innate immunity processes with bitter taste recognition being identified in two breeds known for their broad dietary choices. By investigating signals of positive selection and local adaptation in feral and domestic sheep using novel locus-specific empirical p-value inference, traits with selection signatures such as fertility, pigmentation and behaviour were identified in sheep, while traits involved with stature - probably related to mating success - were found in mouflon. Signals of local adaptation to environmental variables were not detected, which is likely to be due to the inadequate sample available, determined by post-hoc analysis.


In the present work, the effect of inlet manifold geometry and swirl intensity on the direct injection (DI) diesel engine performance was investigated experimentally. Modifications in inlet manifold geometry have been suggested to achieve optimized swirl for the better mixing of fuel with air. The intake swirl intensities of modified cylinder head were measured in swirl test rig at different valve lifts. Later, the overall performance of 435 CC DI diesel engine was measured using modified cylinder head. In addition, the performance of engine was compared for both modified and old cylinder head. For same operating conditions, the brake power and brake specific fuel consumption was improved by 6% and 7% respectively with modified cylinder head compared to old cylinder head. The maximum brake power of 9 HP was achieved for modified cylinder head. The results revealed that the intake swirl has great influence on engine performance.


This paper proposes and tests the joint hypothesis that (1) the bond market is efficient and (2) the variation in long-term bond rates is due solely to expectations effects. Under this joint hypothesis, long-term bond rates for any fixed maturity follow (approximately) a martingale sequence. Tests with Canadian data serve not only to support the joint hypothesis but also to cast doubt upon the usefulness of the "preferred habitat" model of Modigliani-Sutch and Modigliani-Shiller as well as several single-equation macro models of interest-rate determination.


Abstract Introduction Rare variants of Alpha-1 antitrypsin (AAT) deficiency (AATD) have been described by the Spanish registry of patients with AATD. The great majority of these rare variants are Mmalton alleles and many recent case series of them have been identified in the Canary Islands. The objective of this study was to analyze the distribution of Mmalton mutations in a Canarian population previously studied for the most common deficient alleles, namely PI*S (S) and PI*Z (Z), with PI*M (M) being the normal variant. Methods A cross-sectional study of 648 patients with allergic asthma was carried out. Mmalton mutation of the SERPINA1 gene was assayed by real-time PCR. Results Of the 648 patients, 3 (0.46%) were carriers of a Mmalton allele. All of them had low levels of AAT (53.9 mg/dL, 90 mg/dL, and 61 mg/dL, respectively) and were asymptomatic, showing normal lung function, radiological images, and levels of hepatic transaminases. Conclusion In conclusion, although the most frequent AATD genotypes are Z and S alleles, it is important to consider other rare variants, particularly when low AAT serum levels are observed. Although individuals with the Mmalton mutation usually have a heterogenous clinical presentation and very low levels of AAT, all the patients in this study were asymptomatic.


The invention discloses phase modulation diffraction grating enciphered anti-fake mark preparing method. It includes the following steps: selecting out one pattern as enciphered information pattern; transforming to phase modulation diffraction grating pattern; shortening to the size generated optical diffraction as phase modulation diffraction grating making unit; using cameo structure form to make the unit set on the film. The produced enciphered anti-fake mark of the invention can change the enciphered information into optical information which can not be determined by human eye. Thus it needs machine identifying method to detect. This can increase faking difficulty in order to improve anti-fake performance.


Abstract 5249 TAFI (thrombin-activated fibrinolysis inhibitor) and PAI-1 play important roles in fibrinolysis, as they both reduce plasmin generation; PAI-1 a 50 KDa glycoprotein is a serine-proteinase inhibitor; TAFI is a 55 KDa plasma zymogen that is activated by either plasmin/thrombin or thrombin/thrombomodulin complex into an active carboxypeptidase, in particular, it is a basic zinc dependent metallo-carboxipeptidase specific for C-terminal lysine and arginine residue inhibiting degradation of the fibrin clot. We investigated the influence of PAI-1 and TAFI levels on stroke by determining their plasmatic antigen concentration by an electro-immunoassay. We found that PAI-1 levels are increased during the early stage of stroke and that it may also predict clot lysis resistance in patients treated with trombolysis (38.8 ng/ml +/− 14.6, p 180 nmol/l (OR.12.9 CI 1.42 to 116.6), had a sensibility of 92.2%, and a specificity of 98.4% in predicting stroke. The analysis of these results showed that TAFI antigen levels higher than 180nmo/L combined with PAI-1 levels higher than 24 mg/ml are a strong risk factor for clot lysis, stroke (for the evolution, severity, and outcome) and showed a potentially attractive target for fibrinolytic therapies. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.


To evaluate the effects of high‐intensity resistance exercise on postexercise hypotension (PEH) and forearm vascular resistance (FVR) in the hypertensive elderly.


This work was supported by the Carnegie Trust for Universities of Scotland (Carnegie Scholarship, Carnegie Research Grant), Corpus Christi College for a Taylor Bursary, Harold Hyam Wingate Foundation, International Primatological Society, L.S.B. Leakey Foundation, and the Wenner Gren Foundation.


What success do US graduate economics programs have in terms of having their graduates achieve associate or full professor status in top ranked economics departments? Of the 138 Ph.D. economics programs in the United States, the top fifteen Ph.D. programs in economics produce a substantial share of successful economics research scholars. These fifteen Ph.D. programs in turn get 59% of their faculty from only the top six schools with 39% coming from only two schools, Harvard and MIT. Those two schools are also the PhD origins for half of John Bates Clark Medal recipients. Details for assistant professors, young stars today, American Economics Association Distinguished Fellows, Nobel Laureates, and top overseas economics departments are also discussed.


What humans actually observe and how they comprehend this information is complex due to Gestalt processes and interaction of context in predicting the course of thinking and enforcing one idea while repressing another. How we extract the knowledge from the scene, what we get from the scene indeed and what we bring from our mechanisms of perception are areas separated by a thin, ill-defined line. The purpose of this paper is to present a system for Representing Knowledge and Recognizing and Interpreting Attention Trailed Entities dubbed as REKRIATE. It will be used as a tool for discovering the underlying principles involved in knowledge representation required for conceptual learning. REKRIATE has some inherited knowledge and is given a vocabulary which is used to form rules for identification of the object. It has various modalities of sensing and has the ability to measure the distance between the objects in the image as well as the similarity between different images of presumably the same object. All sensations received from matrix of different sensors put into an adequate form. The methodology proposed is applicable to not only the pictorial or visual world representation, but to any sensing modality. It is based upon the two premises: a) inseparability of all domains of the world representation including linguistic, as well as those formed by various sensor modalities. and b) representativity of the object at several levels of resolution simultaneously.


View down on George Street, Dunedin. On the opposite side of the street a crowd is queueing in two directions on the footpath under the shop awnings. Three shop signs can be identified. One is Newbolds Bookshop at 394 George Street. The other is Kelvinator House at 388 George Street. Between the two is a sign for Holsum Bread. Three cars can be seen on the street. Photographed by an Evening Star staff photographer in about 1948.
Quantity: 1 b&w original photographic print(s).
Physical Description: Silver gelatin print, 21 x 16 cm


Objective To elucidate the function and regulatory mechanism of LyGDI involved delayed cell death in the human K562 cells and HL-60 cells induced by 60Co γ-rays. Methods Erythrosine B cells staining was used to count the apoptosis rate. PI staining and flow cytometry were applied to check the cell cycle. The expression of LYGDI and Rac1 was resolved by Western blot by using monoclonal antibody of LyGDI and Racl. The distribution of Racl protein in cells was observed with immunofluorescence by using the confocal microscope. Results The K562 cells showed G2/M phase arrest and the percent age was 71.3%. The apoptosis rate was very low at early post-irradiation stage in the K562 cells. The apoptosis rate was 14% in the K562 cells at 24 h post-irradiation with 8 Gy of γ-rays, and delayed cell apoptosis was present. LyGDI was cleaved in the K562 cells irradiated by 4 Gy 60 Co γ-rays after 24 hours post-irradiation. The expression of Racl protein was not altered at all, but the distribution was changed in the irradiated cells while the Racl protein moved to cell membrane and a little in cell nucleus. The Racl was activated with the losing the binding affinity with the LyGDI. Conclusion LyGDI could promote the delayed cell apoptosis, which is through the activation of the Rac1.

Key words:
60 Co γ-rays; LyGDI; Rac1; Apoptosis


Based on the kinetic description, properties of collisionless unmagnetized plasma are studied. Time-dependent solutions of the nonlinear Vlasov–Poisson equations are found. Several dynamical structures of a Maxwellian type are presented.


Objective To explore the influence on 90-min ischemia-reperfusion liver injuries by ethanol preconditioning and its relationship with hepatic HSP70 induction.Methods The Wistar rats were pretreated under the dose of 5 g/kg of 40%.The ischemia-reperfusion injuries were performed under the mode of hepatic blood inflow occlusion with caudate lobe bypass.232 adult male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 5 groups:normal control group,ethanol group,ischemia/reperfusion group,NS pretreated group,ethanol pretreated group.Ischemia period was set at 90 min.The mortality,changes of ALT/AST activities,pathologic changes and HSP70/HSP72mRNA level in the liver were determined in different groups.Results After 90-min I/R injuries,in the ethanol pretreated group,a good liver structure and less changes of ALT/AST activities can be easily found,also with more hepatic HSP70 expression.Conclusions the enhanced protection from the 90 min I/R injuries can be got in the rat liver by ehanol precondition,and HSP70 maybe the underlied protective substance elucited by ethanol precondition to fight against the liver I/R injuries.


Antibiotic resistance is an escalating problem, not only due to less desirable treatment options and outcome, but also due to the economic burden to health care caused by resistant pathogens. Since ...


This case study shows how the University of Delaware adopted Sakai, a community source system for higher education. It discusses the major challenges of community source adoption and presents the key success factors for overcoming them.


According to Merton [1957], the history of science is punctuated by disputes over priority of discovery, but there are no such priority fights in economics. Hands [2006] explains this phenomenon by assuming that economists have no sense of collective moral outrage. We provide a counterexample to this thesis by developing a gametheoretic analysis of the Walras-Jevons correspondence. We show that one-way preplay communication helped them to coordinate on a pure strategy Nash equilibrium of a "battle of the sexes game". Walras recognized Jevons as the inventor of the "theory of exchange". It was good for the promotion of mathematical economics.


Base on the characteristic analysis of infrared(IR) image target under the strong clutter background, a dim target detecting algorithm was proposed. Background predictor is selected automatically based on Local area of the image texture features, and the estimated image subtracted from the source image gave the residual image, then a improved threshold selection algorithm based on the two-dimensional exponent entropy is used to segment the residual image. The experiment results show that the algorithm is able to quickly extract the target, reduce the false alarm rate, and greatly improve the performance of detecting dim targets.


Quantum decoherence is the disappearance of simple phase relations within a discrete quantum system as a result of interactions with an environment. For many applications, the question is not necessarily how to avoid (inevitable) system-environment interactions, but rather how to design environments that optimally preserve a system's phase relations in spite of such interactions. The formation of system-environment entanglement is a major driving mechanism for decoherence, and a detailed understanding of this process could inform strategies for conserving coherence optimally. This requires scalable, flexible, and systematically improvable quantum dynamical methods that retain detailed information about the entanglement properties of the environment, yet very few current methods offer this combination of features. Here, we address this need by introducing a theoretical framework wherein we combine the truncated Wigner approximation with standard time-dependent perturbation theory allowing for computing expectation values of operators in the combined system-environment Hilbert space. We demonstrate the utility of this framework by applying it to the spin-boson model, representative of qubits and simple donor-acceptor systems. For this model, our framework provides an analytical description of perturbative contributions to expectation values. We monitor how quantum decoherence at zero temperature is accompanied by entanglement formation with individual environmental degrees of freedom. Based on this entanglement behavior, we find that the selective suppression of low-frequency environmental modes is particularly effective for mitigating quantum decoherence. ) 2 . Key quantities entering the expressions in the framework described in this manuscript are the mode frequency ω k , potential minimum x ( j ) 0 k , the mean potential minimum ¯ x jl 0 k = 12 ( x ( j ) 0 k + x ( l ) 0 k ) , the potential minimum difference ∆ x jl 0 k = x ( j ) 0 k − x ( l ) 0 k , and the energy of system state-dependent potential when evaluated at the potential minimum (cid:15) j .


Race describes cultural, historical, and oppressive relationships in society. The use of race in biomedical and scientific studies has been a powerful tool that can reinforce and alter society's current assumptions about race. Some of the historical uses of race include evidence for race-based medicine, biological inferiority, and genocide. These uses have all used race as a crude proxy for genetic makeup, rather than a biological expression of the social environment that infiltrates the health and well-being of every American. By defining race and its social and cultural impacts on identity and the human experience within research, the field of biomedicine will improve clarity and integrity in addressing historical, scientific, and clinical inequalities. Currently, the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) does not contain a definition of race and uses homogeneous ethnical categories when reporting population statistics. We propose that the definition of race be added in the collection of race data as a requirement of the OMB for nationally conducted research.


The original SDP 2014 and 2015 data collections were made available under task-specific 'evaluation' licenses to registered SemEval participants. In mid-2016, all original data has been bundled with system submissions, supporting software, an additional SDP-style collection of semantic dependency graphs, and additional background material (from which some of the SDP target representations were derived) for release through the Linguistic Data Consortium (with LDC catalogue number LDC2016 T10).

One of the four English target representations (viz. DM) and the entire Czech data (in the PSD target representation) are not derivative of LDC-licensed annotations and, thus, can be made available for direct download (Open SDP; version 1.2; January 2017) under a more permissive licensing scheme, viz. the Creative Common Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license. This package also includes some 'richer' meaning representations from which the English bi-lexical DM graphs derive, viz. scope-underspecified logical forms and more abstract, non-lexicalized 'semantic networks'. The latter of these are formally (if not linguistically) similar to Abstract Meaning Representation (AMR) and are available in a range of serializations, including in AMR-like syntax.

Version 1.1 was released April 2016. Version 1.2 adds the 2015 Turku system, which was accidentally left out from version 1.1.

Please use the following bibliographic reference for the SDP 2016 data:

 @string{C:LREC = {{I}nternational {C}onference on
 {L}anguage {R}esources and {E}valuation}}
 @string{LREC:16 = {Proceedings of the 10th } # C:LREC}
 @string{L:LREC:16 = {Portoro\v{z}, Slovenia}}

 @inproceedings{Oep:Kuh:Miy:16,
 author = {Oepen, Stephan and Kuhlmann, Marco and Miyao, Yusuke and Zeman, Daniel and Cinkov{\'a}, Silvie and Flickinger, Dan and Haji\v{c}, Jan and Ivanova, Angelina and Ure\v{s}ov{\'a}, Zde\v{n}ka},
 title = {Towards Comparability of Linguistic Graph Banks for Semantic Parsing},
 booktitle = LREC:16
 year = 2016,
 address = L:LREC:16,
 pages = {3991--3995}
 }


The article reported the results of investigating on ideals and faith of young teachers in colleges and universities at present, analyzed the causes which influenced their firm ideals and faith. Furthermore, the author explored how we do well the work of young teachers ideology and politics.


An improved general model to predict the ultimate performance of photovoltaic infrared photodetectors based on non-equilibrium carriers diffusion, and recombination properties of narrow bandgap semiconductors is presented. Optimal thickness of intrinsic absorption layer (Wopt), response quantum efficiency (RQE), detectivity (D*), -3dB cut-off frequency (f-3dB), are calculated and optimized for stacked PIN GaInAsSb/GaSb photodetectors. Ways to achieve optimal performance in practice, material and device structures are proposed. Keywords-component; model; photovoltaic; photodetector


The graphical model has proven to be a useful abstraction in statistics and machine learning. The starting point is the graph of a distribution. While often the graph is assumed given, we are interested in estimating the graph from data. In this talk we present new nonparametric and semiparametric methods for graph estimation. The performance of these methods is illustrated and compared on several real and simulated examples.


1 Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Vinayaka Mission Sankarachariyar Dental College, Salem Corresponding Author T.Kumar Email: firstname.lastname@example.com , 9444684537 ABSTRACT Oral cancers are one of the most common cancers worldwide today. Oral malignancies are usually well advanced at the time of diagnosis. Prognosis depends on early diagnosis and the disease is life threatening, with high morbidity resulting from late treatment. Early detection and treatment gives the best chance for its cure. The clinical examination is one of the best modalities in suspecting the pathology but the biggest disadvantage in the diagnosis lies in deciding whether or not a biopsy is required in these lesions. Techniques that are promoted or assessed to improve earlier detection and diagnosis of oral malignancy include Toluidine Blue, Vizilite Plus With Touidine Blue, Velscope, Brush Biopsy, etc. The gold standard remains tissue biopsy and histopathological examination. Advanced techniques include Lab On A Chip, Optical Coherence Tomography, DNA Ploidy and Salivary Biomarkers. The purpose of this review article is to discuss various clinical diagnostic aids in diagnosis of oral cancer and potentially malignant disorders.


Surface tension is one of important physical properties of melt, and it will affect the forming process of castings. The importance of testing melt surface tension has been attached gradually by metallurgists and foundry men. In this paper, the frequently used methods and devices to test melt surface tension were introduced, and the research tendency was discussed as well. It was pointed out that the main research fields in the future may be on-the-spot testing, high precision static testing and surface tension calculating technology.


Organic semiconductors characterized by a small singlet–triplet exciton energy splitting exhibit efficient reverse intersystem crossing and thermally activated delayed fluorescence. Consequently, exciton transport may occur along both the singlet and the triplet excited states, each with unique photophysical behavior and exciton energy transfer mechanisms. Delayed fluorescence systems, therefore, provide a unique test bed for characterizing the role of exciton spin in transport and diffusion. Concentration- and temperature-dependent photophysical characterization combined with measurements of the exciton diffusion length (LD) for 1,2,3,5-tetrakis(carbazol-9-yl)-4,6-dicyanobenzene (4CzIPN) elucidate the relative degree and magnitude of transport along the singlet and triplet molecular excited states as well as the role of the local dielectric environment in determining the intersystem balance.


The objective of this work was to determine the influence of different artificial diets on biological parameters related to the life cycle of C Condylorrhiza vestigialis aiming to determine the most suitable diet for the rearing of a population of this insect. Four diet formulations were tested. Ten repetitions were used, with 30 caterpillars per repetition. All stages of C. vestigialis life cycle were followed to evaluate biological parameters: viability of larvae, pre pupa, pupa and adults, as well as the sex ratio. The number of larval instars, the pupal mass and the total number of eggs per day and per female day were also calculated. The four diets tested allowed the development of C. vestigialis caterpillars. All diets were considered adequate for the purpose of the work, which is the production of baculovirus used in the control program of this pest. It was the diet 2 that provided the best results, the largest pupal mass, and the quantity and viability of the eggs produced by C. vestigialis females fed in this larval phase.


In a given manufacturing setting where workers or robots are coexisting in a confined area and their movements are not coordinated due to loss in communication or because they are freely ranging relative to each other, the development of an onboard safeguard system for a robot becomes a necessity to reduce accidents while the production efficiency is uncompromised. This article develops a two-dimensional dynamics model that predicts the relative position between a robot's end-of-arm tooling and an approaching object or threat. The safety strategy applied to the robot is derived from the calculation of three parameters: the time of collision predicted from the linear motion between the approaching object and the robot's end-of-arm tooling, the relative absolute distance, and the overlapping area ratio. These parameters combined are updated in a cost function that is sufficiently alarming the collision severity of an approaching object in real time. This model enables deployment a safe and a productive collaborative interaction in the manufacturing environment where workers and robots are seemingly moving in close proximity within an open workspace with less safeguard barriers.


Introduction: Redrawing the Lines What is deconstruction? The paradoxical logic of deconstruction Theology and deconstruction Deconstructing the name Methodology of research Summary of objectives PARTI Babel and the Paradox o f Singularity 1. The 'Genesis' of Language Appellation Tree o f knowledge Tower of Babel 2. Translating Babel The broad sense of translation Translation and original Derrida and the paradox of decadence and survival Translation as the survival of the original 3. The Singular Event of the Literary Work Signature: unreadable singularity Postcard: mere readability Biodegradables: survival 4Living on* Sacralisation Don Quixote and Pierre Menard's Signature PART II The Paradox o f Representation 4. Benjamin's Critique of Representation Theological discourse and representation Name as the pure language Benjamin's coinage of'bourgeois' and 'mystical' views De Manian deconstructive criticism of Benjamin and representation Rabbinic readings of Benjamin and representation Derrida and the paradox o f representation in Benjamin 5. Derrida and Representation in Literary Language Saussure and the nature o f linguistic sign Benveniste and the nature of linguistic sign Derrida's reading of Saussure Deconstruction and the sign Deconstruction and speech/writing Deconstruction and signification The process of signification in The Crying of Lot 49 PART III The Paradox o f Apophatic Discourse 6. Apophasis in Theological Discourse Benjamin's notion of negation and nonexpression Paradox of negation in theological discourse The aporias of transcendence God as 'referent' Transcendental experience The affirmative force of language in theological discourse 7. Derrida and Apophatic Discourse Derrida's critique of negative theology Derridean paradoxes of negation The impossible' Deconstruction and theology as 'promise ' Negative theology as (a discourse on) 'language' 8. Apophasis in Literary Discourse The Unnamable: The story of that impossible place named silence Aporias and paradoxes o f the Unnamable Self and language as counterparts The impossible space named silence Conclusion Conclusion: Limits of language Deconstruction, metaphysics and theological discourse Deconstruction of metaphysical language Deconstruction of language: Part I Deconstruction of language' Part II Deconstruction of language: Part III


This study explores the narratives behind how academics in formal leadership positions perceive their roles as leaders and their leadership development. Fifteen leaders in their varying capacities as managers of research in their universities participated to illustrate the complexities and challenges associated with their roles. Using narrative and discourse analysis, multiple lenses ("what", "how" and "why") were used to analyse the participants' narratives. This study then explores the impact of the leaders' perceptions on their teaching, research and graduate supervision roles. Results indicate that research managers' narratives replicate those of the storied lives of leaders with constructed images. The study concludes with some implications for policy and practice as well as suggesting the use of multiple-lens analysis as a tool for narrative inquiry.


Iridovirus in box turtles Multiple observations of iridovirus infections in Eastern box turtles [1,2] Two T. c. Carolinas were found at Brookhaven National Laboratory in August 2005 with ocular discharge and swelling, aural abscesses, and yellow caseous plaques One was found at BNL in August 2007 with advanced symptoms Histopathology, PCR, and virus isolation confirmed a ranavirus infection [1] Species is listed as Special Concern in New York


Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infects about 15% to 20% of all children younger than 2 years and in the major part of cases results in mild upper respiratory tract disease with a spontaneous resolution, but in a minority (usually infants <6 months old), it causes serious respiratory tract disease. However, in some high-risk pediatric groups (preterm infants, particularly with a gestational age younger than 32 weeks, children with lung disease or affected by pulmonary or cardiac disease and in immunocompromised children), severe lower respiratory tract infection with considerable illness and death is a more frequent occurrence. Palivizumab, a genetically engineered humanized monoclonal antibody, has been shown to reduce RSV-related hospitalizations significantly, with few adverse effects. It was approved for use in high-risk children in the USA in 1998 and in Europe in 1999; it is now approved for use in more than 45 countries. The aim of this review is to evaluate the efficacy and tolerance of this drug in the prevention of RSV infection.


It provided for preventing, ameliorating or reducing dermatological signs of aging, which employs inhibits or downregulates the expression of an active agent into dermal fibroblasts in an RNA minute, resulting in skin collagen, elastin and / or fibrillin enhanced production. Also provided is a method for screening and methods of using micro RNAs specific activity of the active agent by screening the skin treatment program is identified.


New generation TeV gamma-ray telescopes have discovered many new sources, including several enigmatic unidentified TeV objects. HESS J0632+057 is a particularly interesting unidentified TeV source since: it is a point source, it has a possible hard-spectrum X-ray counterpart and a positionally consistent Be star, it has evidence of long-term very high energy gamma-ray flux variability, and it is postulated to be a newly detected TeV/X-ray binary. We have obtained Swift X-ray telescope observations of this source from MJD 54857 to 54965, in an attempt to ascertain its nature and to investigate the hypothesis that it is a previously unknown X-ray/TeV binary. Variability and spectral properties similar to those of the other three known X-ray/TeV binaries have been observed, with measured flux increases by factors of ∼3. X-ray variability is present on multiple timescales including days to months; however, no clear signature of periodicity is present on the timescales probed by these data. If binary modulation is present and dominating the measured variability, then the period of the orbit is likely to be ⩾54 days (half of this campaign), or it has a shorter period with a variable degree of flux modulation on successive high states. If the two high states measured to date are due to binary modulation, then the favored period is approximately 35–40 days. More observations are required to determine if this object is truly a binary system and to determine the extent that the measured variability is due to inter-orbit flaring effects or periodic binary modulation.


Located at the edge of Kaohsiung City, Mt. Shoushan is famous for numerous limestone caves created by mass wasting rather than water solution, and attract citizens to visit. In order to understand the cave environment and evaluate the impact from visitor to the caves, this study carried out a microclimate monitoring in five popular limestone caves ( Xingxing cave, Tianyu cave, Jingguan cave, Beifeng cave, Jinggua cave) in the Mt.Shoushan. Mt. Shoushan is dominated by the primitive broadleafed forest with distinct dry and wet seasons, and its geology consists of limestone on the top and mudstone as basement.


Background: Change in airway resistance and inflammation are the two most commonly accused pathogenetic processes in the coexistence of asthma and obesity. The aim of this study was to compare airway resistance between normal weight and overweight/obese children using impulse oscillometry (IOS). Methods: We consecutively enrolled 3 to 10-year-old children with asthma who presented to our department between May and August 2018. Ones with a body mass index percentile at or above 85th percentile were grouped as overweight/obese. Sociodemographic characteristics such as age, sex and family history of allergy were recorded and Test for Respiratory and Asthma Control in Kids (TRACK) was filled in for all. Finally, impulse oscillometric (IOS) measurements were taken. Results: We enrolled 170 subjects; among which 114 (67.1%) were normal weight while 56 (33%) were overweight/obese. Sociodemographic characteristics were not significantly different between the two groups, but asthma control was significantly worse in the overweight/obese group (75.9±21.1 vs 85.9±17.8, p=0.001). Impulse oscillometric measurements of resistance and reactance were nor significantly different between the two groups. Conclusion: Asthma control in children who are overweight or obese are worse compared to the normal weight ones but, airway resistance and reactance measured by IOS at different frequencies are not significantly different between these two groups. This implies that airway resistance change may not the main pathogenetic mechanism underlying the uncontrolled asthma and obesity coexistence.


The independence number α(G) $\alpha (G)$ and the dissociation number diss(G) $\text{diss}(G)$ of a graph G $G$ are the largest orders of induced subgraphs of G $G$ of maximum degree at most 0 and at most 1, respectively. We consider possible improvements of the obvious inequality 2α(G)≥diss(G) $2\alpha (G)\ge \text{diss}(G)$ . For connected cubic graphs G $G$ distinct from K4 ${K}_{4}$ , we show 5α(G)≥3diss(G) $5\alpha (G)\ge 3\,\text{diss}(G)$ , and describe the rich and interesting structure of the extremal graphs in detail. For bipartite graphs, and, more generally, triangle‐free graphs, we also obtain improvements. For subcubic graphs though, the inequality cannot be improved in general, and we characterize all extremal subcubic graphs.


From design,material,construction and other aspects reasons caused the cracks in concrete structures are analyzed;at the same time corresponding prevention and treatment measures are proposed.Author points out that control of concrete cracks is comprehensive question,which needs cooperation of designer,supervisor,constructor and maintainer to reduce the production of cracks.


Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS‐CoV) encoded nonstructural protein 1 (nsp1) orchestrates a multi‐pronged mechanism to shut down host gene expression, also known as the host shutoff. Nsp1 is a 180 amino acid long protein with a primarily flexible structure that allows nsp1 to interact with various cellular factors during host shutoff to inhibit translation and promote mRNA decay.


FIELD: physics. SUBSTANCE: invention is meant for extraction using a vacuum and can be used for extracting biologically active components from plant, animal, fish material, seafood, used in the food and pharmaceutical industry. The proposed extraction method involves heating an extraction agent to temperature at which the material and the obtained product are denatured. Before vacuum-pulsed saturation, the material is extracted on heated rollers with modulus (extraction agent : material) not greater than 2. The extraction agent used is distilled water or aqueous alcohol solution with alcohol concentration of not less than 20%. The extract is subjected to vacuum-pulsed filtration. After filtration low-temperature evaporation is carried out in thermo-vacuum-pulsed mode. Essential oils of the extract are trapped and separated from water vapour in condensers and water droplets falling in pipes are trapped by a drop catcher. The device for extracting materials includes a screw doser and continuous heated rollers with a container for receiving pulp saturated with extraction agent, two vacuum filters, extract collector, drop catcher, two condensers, foam remover, receiver and two extractors. EFFECT: more efficient extraction process while reducing extraction agent costs, higher quality and output of extracted components. 7 cl, 1 dwg


The return of poverty, which is a complicated problem, is the most striking contradiction in practicing anti-poverty in the countryside areas and has become the main contents facing a new stage. Though it is not the main stream but its significance of existing is of great importance. It is necessary to take into consideration both its results and its resources to fight it completely.


Start-ups and other innovative, but small enterprises – such as those associated with business incubators usually have financial limitations that hinder their attempt to properly address product and service lifecycle challenges. Some of these challenges regard aspects of prototyping, production and logistics (PPL). Inability to properly address PPL challenges sometimes delays time-to-market too long, causing the company to fail. In order to assist companies to efficiently address PPL challenges, a low-operating-cost, risk-seeking, PPL Service Centre is being planned for an incubator in Brazil. In order to account for financial restrictions, the Centre's operations are to be based on blended learning pedagogy but expanded to encompass provision of consulting services and access to laboratory and workshop' facilities. Creating such a Centre is timing consuming and resource intensive. Therefore it must be demonstrated that the investment will be worthwhile. A small investigation has been conducted which has looked into the PPL needs of technologybased enterprises associated with the incubator. The results have been used to specify and initially operate the Centre to allow for a more blended style in service provision. This paper summarizes the investigation, its results and the Centre's initial operation and preliminary achievements.


An accurate output voltage error compensation method for a T-type neutral point clamped (NPC) Inverter which realize encoder-less vector control of induction motor over the wide operation range is proposed. A precise output voltage error measurement for the T-type NPC inverter has been proposed. Moreover, the voltage pulse extinction in the range where the modulation index is around zero, which causes no longer negligible output voltage error in the low-speed operation, has been investigated. Then, dipolar modulation has been proposed to solve this problem. The validity of the proposed voltage error compensation was shown by computer simulation and the experimental results.


Melting behavior under high pressure of nylon 6, nylon 6-clay hybrid (NCH) and poly(butylene terephthalate) was investigated by high-pressure differential thermal analysis (DTA). It was found that the melting temperature and the pressure dependency of the melting temperature of NCH were low compared with those of nylon 6. Using the melting temperature, the pressure dependency of the melting temperature, and the heat of fusion (the enthalpy of fusion), the Clausius-Clapeyron equation was used to determine the volume changes on melting of the polymers at atmospheric pressure ΔVm0(DTA). ΔVm0(DTA) of NCH was lower than that of the nylon 6 α-form. The smaller ΔVm0(DTA) of NCH was attributed to the presence of nylon 6 γ-form in NCH. The values of ΔVm0(DTA) for nylon 6 and poly(butylene terephthalate) were similar to those obtained from pressure-volume-temperature relationships ΔVm0(PVT) of those polymers. The entropies of fusion were constant and independent of pressures up to 100 MPa. The volume changes on melting (ΔVm in cm3/g) under high pressure can be approximately described by the following equation: ΔVm = 0.165TmVw (dTm/dP)/(dTm0/dP)/298, where Tm and Tm0 are the melting temperatures (in K) under high pressure and atmospheric pressure, respectively and Vw is the van der Waals volume of the polymer (cm3/g). © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 80: 1046–1051, 2001


A search for a sterile neutrino is being carried out in the MicroBooNE experiment within the 3+1 (three flavors of active neutrinos + one flavor of sterile neutrino) framework using neutrinos from the Booster Neutrino Beam (BNB) at a baseline of about 470 m with an average neutrino energy of 800 MeV. The sensitivity of this search is built upon high performance inclusive charged-current electron neutrino ( ν e ) and muon neutrino ( ν µ ) event selections, which were utilized in the previous search for a low-energy excess (LEE) in the ν e energy spectrum at MicroBooNE. In this note, we present the results of a 3+1 oscillation fit considering both ν e appearance and ν e / ν µ disappearance. Using the first three years' BNB data, no evidence of a light sterile neutrino was found and 95% C.L. exclusion limits were calculated in the 3+1 neutrino oscillation parameter space. Notably, the cancellation between ν e disappearance and ν e appearance oscillations leads to a reduced oscillation effect in the ν e energy spectrum resulting in a degeneracy of the oscillation parameters. Such a degeneracy is expected to be mitigated by including the neutrino events from the off-axis Neutrino from the Main Injector (NuMI) beam. The prospect of a 3+1 oscillation analysis using both BNB and NuMI is reported and it is expected to considerably improve the sensitivity to 3+1 neutrino oscillations.


Gross error detection and discarded are the foundations of data reconciliation in process industries. High effective methods of gross error detection for both steady and dynamic systems have not be presented. So the proposition on the identifiability of gross errors is performed. The result of discussion on gross error identifiability and the theory of equivalent set are reviewed. And a new criterion of gross error identifiability is proposed based on the analysis of measurements correlation matrix. Theory analysis and simulation show the efficiency of the presented criterion.


.............................................................................................................................. v List of Tables ..................................................................................................................... xi List of Figures ................................................................................................................... xii Chapter 1: Introduction ....................................................................................................... 1 Problem of Practice ......................................................................................................... 1 Theoretical Framework ................................................................................................... 2 Research Question ........................................................................................................... 4 Methodology ................................................................................................................... 5 Action Research .............................................................................................................. 5 Data Collection and Analysis.......................................................................................... 6 Participants and Positionality .......................................................................................... 7 Significance and Limitations of the Study ...................................................................... 8 Organization of the Dissertation ..................................................................................... 9 Definitions ..................................................................................................................... 10 Chapter 2: Literature Review ............................................................................................ 12 Introduction ................................................................................................................... 12 Historical Background................................................................................................... 13


In Colombia, little is known on the distribution of the Asian mosquito Aedes albopictus, main vector of dengue, chikungunya, and Zika in Asia and Oceania. Therefore, this work set out to estimate its current and future potential geographic distribution under the Representative Concentration Paths (RCP) 2.6 and 8.5 emission scenarios by 2050 and 2070, using ecological niche models. For this, predictions were made in MaxEnt, employing occurrences of A. albopictus from their native area and South America and bioclimatic variables of these places. It was found that, since its invasion to Colombia, A. albopictus is present in 47% of the country, in peri-urban (20%), rural (23%), and urban (57%) areas between 0 and 1800 m, with Antioquia and Valle del Cauca being the departments with the most registries. The current estimation suggests that A. albopictus is distributed in 96% of the territory up to 3000 m (p < 0.001). Additionally, by 2050 and 2070, below RCP 2.6, its distribution could diminish to nearly 90% including altitudes of 3100 m, while below RCP 8.5 it would be < 60% increasing its distribution up to 3200 m. These results suggest that, currently in Colombia, A. albopictus is found throughout the country and climate change could diminish eventually its area of distribution, but increase its altitudinal range. In Colombia, surveillance and vector control programs must focus their attention on this vector to avoid complications in the national public health setting.


A new hydrazone compound, 3-bromo-2-hydroxybenzaldehyde-2-pyridinecarboxylic acid hydrazone (1), has been synthesized with 3-bromo-2-hydroxybenzaldehyde and 2-pyridinecarboxylic acid hydrazide as raw materials in the presence of magnesium chloride hexahydrate. The result of structural analyses shows that the compound 1 belongs to monoclinic, space group P121/c1 (no. 14) with a = 15.8346(13) Â, b = 6.9597(5) Â, c = 12.1912(13) Â, β = 109.123(10)°, V = 1269.4(2) Â3, Z = 4, Dc = 1.675 mg⋅m-3, μ = 3.239 mm-1, F (000) = 640, and final R1 = 0.0538, ωR2 = 0.0896.


Whether the parameters used in the study of the mechanical structures and grouting parts of the test platform can be scaled or not is analyzed,with the help of the dimensional analysis method and by means of similar criteria and similar constant.The similarity of the test platform is described.Simulation is made to check the rationality of the parameters.The design method for the test platform of the simultaneous grouting system of shield is verified,by similarity theory and simulation analysis,to be rational.The paper can be used as the theoretical basis for the study on the test platform of the simultaneous grouting system of shield.


In this tutorial paper we present some recent developments in parametric semi-infinite programming. We mainly focus our attention to two problems: The determination of one-sided derivatives of the value-function with a special application to the problem of finding zeros of that function and, secondly, the problem of following a path of solutions. For the latter, a continuation method is presented which can be shown to be applicable to an open and dense class of problems


This paper proposes a transformer-less modular multilevel DC/DC converter. The proposed converter can be used to interconnect two HVDC systems with different dc voltage levels and realize bidirectional power flow. Based on the arm energy balance condition, the optimal design arming at minimum inner circulating current is presented. A power close-loop control method is adopted to regulate the converter transmission power. In the method, since the ac component of the reference voltage for each arm is high frequency, the volume of sub-module (SM) capacitor is reduced. Finally, a 320 kV/160 kV 80 MW modular multilevel DC/DC converter is built using PSCAD/EMTDC software. The results validate the operation principle of the proposed converter.


This study was conducted to quantify number of hotspots and develop maps of hotspots occurrence using Geographic Information System (GIS). The study covered five years period starting from 2003 until 2007. Secondary data of hotspots in Peninsular Malaysia were obtained from NOAA-12 satellite, provided by MACRES. The results showed a total of 3503 hotspots over five years with 2005 contributed to the highest amount. The results also showed that comparatively, February ranked as the highest hotspots number, followed by March and January; due to burning activities of agriculture waste and dry fuels available at that time. This study concluded that hotspots pattern in Peninsular Malaysia was highest in 2005 while highest monthly hotspots occurrence was in February.


Presentation of Case A 36-year-old man was admitted to the hospital because of a testicular seminoma. The patient was an abuser of methamphetamine and heroin; six years previously he had hepatitis ...


ARTIFICIAL PRODUCTION OF THE ANTIRACHITIC VITAMIN. TIIE discovery that irradiation with ultra-violet light c(auses the antirachitic factor to appear in substances w-hich previously were inert represents a v-ery important advance in medical scienee. In the first place, this discovery solves the mystery of rickets being cured by tw%o such divergent specifics as sunlight and cod-liver oil; secondly, it promises to throNw much light


Objective:To discuss the effect of pulsed positive pressure sealing method on reducing the occluded situation of central venous catheter caused by PN treatment.Method:to observe the occluded situation of two groups after four weeks.The observention group of(30 cases) was treated with pulsed positive pressure sealing method,while the other group of patients(30 cases) was only treated with positive pressure sealing method.Results Among 30 cases of the observation group,24 cases whose central venous catheter were unblocked,4 cases whose central venous catheter were unblocked after pumping back and 2 cases whose central venous catheter were occluded.Among 30 cases of the comparison group,12 cases whose central venous catheter were unblocked,2 cases whose central venous catheter were unblocked after pumping back and 16 cases whose central venous catheter were occluded.Conclusion:The effect of pulsed positive pressure sealing method on preventinga the central venous catheter from being blocked was significant


Focusing on the integration problem of different subsystems of integrated dispatching system of high-speed railway, an overview of the system is given. After that, the system composition and functions of every subsystem are analyzed in detail. Based on that, a detailed discussion on the interconnection method of subsystems is made, and the layering and distributing server structure model that is suitable for the integrated dispatching system of high-speed railway is proposed at last.


This paper reports the absorption capacity of super-absorbent-polymer (SAP) in water and cement pore solution. This was considered for the free water requirement for high-performance concrete containing SAP. The rheology and compressive strength properties of this low water/binder (w/b) concrete are reported. A 2× 5× 4× 3 factorial experimental arrangement was used for the study. Two sizes of SAP (03/08μm and 06/12μm) monomers acrylic acid were tested at different SAP contents (0%; 0.2%; 0,3%; 0.4%; and 0.6% by weight of cement) for concrete mix proportion of 0.25 w/b ratio (Fcu28 ≥ 80 MPa target strength).Specimens were also tested at different curing ages namely 3, 7, 21 and 28 days. The results are presented in this paper with a discussion on the influence of water absorbed by SAP at the mixing stage on the compressive strength of the high-performance concrete.


The problems of farmland overgrowing and changes of the forested territory of Novgorod region caused by this are considered. The historical process of landscape change in the region is shown. Since the beginning of the second millennium A.D. intense human activity has led to a sharp decrease in forest cover and almost complete loss of broad-leaved forests. Currently, there is a reverse process of overgrowing of farmland and forest cover increasing.


This research was conducted to determine the effect of current ratio, earnings after taxes, debt to equity ratio on dividend payout ratio, to real estate companies in 2015-2017. The sampling technique used purposive sampling with a sample size of 41 companies. The hypothesis testing method used was logistic regression analysis by using the classical assumption of multicollinearity. The results show that earnings after taxes affect the dividend of the payout ratio, while the current ratio and debt to equity ratio do not affect the dividend payout ratio


Purpose – This column seeks to examine the relationship between the modern digital library and academic research entities; and to explore briefly the services that can be provided by information professionals on behalf of investigative teams.Design/methodology/approach: – A literature review was conducted in order to find out what the recent views were relating to this subject. The remainder of the content is based upon the author's experience.Findings – This is an exploratory column proposing that modern academic libraries need to have embedded services that are a part of the research workflow of the university. This column focuses on the digital aspects of research, what the apparent needs are in that context, and suggests the central role that libraries can play in that context.Originality/value – As the field of information science evolves and libraries recast their vision so that they can support the core mission of modern universities, research support services are central to that effort. The column...


A large number of studies have examined the origins of high-catalytic activities of nanoparticles, but very few have discussed the lifetime of high-energy electrons in nanoparticles. The lifetime is one of the factors determining electron transfer and thus catalytic activity. Much of the lifetime of electrons reported in the literature is too short for a high transfer-efficiency of photo-excited electrons from a catalyst to the attached molecules. We observed TiO2 nanoparticles using the femtosecond laser two-color pump-probe technique with photoemission electron microscopy having a 40 nm spatial resolution. A lifetime longer than 4 ps was observed together with a fast decay component of 100 fs time constant when excited by a 760 nm laser. The slow decay component was observed only when the electrons in an intermediate state pumped by the fundamental laser pulse were excited by the second harmonic pulse. The electronic structure for the asymmetry of the pump-probe signal and the origin of the two decay components are discussed based on the color center model of the oxygen vacancy.


Karl Popper's three worlds theory (3Wt) is a metaphysical theory that purports to provide an ordering of all entities in reality. This ordering is realized by the physical, mental and abstract status that entities possess. This status characterises the entities in world 1, world 2 en world 3, respectively. The 'triadistic' metaphysics of Popper forms an alternative for monistic and dualistic theories which can be found throughout the history of philosophy. The original three worlds theory of Popper has been revised and further elaborated by Veening. In order to solve the problems confronted by Popper's theory, Veening developed his own theory (3WtR). Besides the differences between Popper's original theory (3Wt) and the revised version of Veening (3Wt-R) there are also many similarities between both theories. Both theories suggest the following questions: Is the three worlds theory compatible with substance monism/-materialism? What is the relation between the three worlds? (Popper writes regularly about the emergence of the three worlds, but it is not clear what he exactly means by this in his work.) What is the relation between the history of the three worlds and evolutionary theories? These points motivated the investigation, conducted in this dissertation, of the emergence and evolution of worlds 1,2 and 3, as well as a second revision of the three worlds theory (3Wt-R2) that is presented here. In this revision symmetrybreakings and the reconstructions of symmetry-breakings play a crucial role.


Scholars have long recognized the importance of the European Court of Justice (ECJ) as an active court and an engine of European integration. Few, however, have peered inside the black box of the institution to look at the individuals who do the work or to analyze the ECJ as an organization. Law clerks at the ECJ, called référendaires, are drawn from the ranks of lawyers, legal academics, legal administrators, and judges. They provide valuable legal and linguistic expertise, ease the workload of their members, participate in oral and written interactions between cabinets, and provide continuity as members rapidly change. Although they have more power than their counterparts in the United States Supreme Court, they are not the puppeteers of the members, but their agents. Focusing on the purported unchecked power of clerks distracts us from examining the important institutional consequences of changes in workload or an expansion of members.


Iris biometrics is widely regarded as a reliable and accurate method for personal identification and the continuing advancements in the field have resulted in the technology being widely adopted in recent years and implemented in many different scenarios. Current typical iris biometric deployments, while generally expected to perform well, require a considerable level of co-operation from the system user. Specifically, the physical positioning of the human eye in relation to the iris capture device is a critical factor, which can substantially affect the performance of the overall iris biometric system. The work reported in this study will explore some of the important issues relating to the capture and identification of iris images at varying positions with respect to the capture device, and in particular presents an investigation into the analysis of iris images captured when the gaze angle of a subject is not aligned with the axis of the camera lens. A reliable method of acquiring off-angle iris images will be implemented, together with a study of a database thereby compiled of such images captured methodically. A detailed analysis of these so-called "off-angle" characteristics will be presented, making possible the implementation of new methods whereby significant enhancement of system performance can be achieved. The research carried out in this study suggests that implementing carefully new training methodologies to improve the classification performance can compensate effectively for the problem of off-angle iris images. The research also suggests that acquiring off-angle iris samples during the enrolment process for an iris biometric system and the implementation of the developed training configurations provides an increase in classification performance.


We present a model that explains why galaxies form stars on a timescale significantly longer than the timescales of processes governing the evolution of interstellar gas. We show that gas evolves from a non-star-forming to a star-forming state on a relatively short timescale, and thus the rate of this evolution does not limit the star formation rate (SFR). Instead, the SFR is limited because only a small fraction of star-forming gas is converted into stars before star-forming regions are dispersed by feedback and dynamical processes. Thus, gas cycles into and out of a star-forming state multiple times, which results in a long timescale on which galaxies convert gas into stars. Our model does not rely on the assumption of equilibrium and can be used to interpret trends of depletion times with the properties of observed galaxies and the parameters of star formation and feedback recipes in simulations. In particular, the model explains how feedback self-regulates the SFR in simulations and makes it insensitive to the local star formation efficiency. We illustrate our model using the results of an isolated L*-sized galaxy simulation that reproduces the observed Kennicutt–Schmidt relation for both molecular and atomic gas. Interestingly, the relation for molecular gas is almost linear on kiloparsec scales, although a nonlinear relation is adopted in simulation cells. We discuss how a linear relation emerges from non-self-similar scaling of the gas density PDF with the average gas surface density.


The 1,3-addition reaction of nitrilimines to 3-indazolinone and the acid assisted 6 π heteroelectrocyclic reaction of hydrazone adducts 13 have been investigated. Synthesis of the 1,3-subsituted 1H-1,2,4-triazolo [4,3-b]-indazole system via cyclization of 13 is described


Urinary Sodium Excretion Decreases In the Early Stages of Insulin Resistance In Model of Metabolic Syndrome Melissa E. Williams1, Jacqueline N. Minas1, Ruben Rodriguez1, Daisuke Nakano2, Akira Nishiyama2, and Rudy M. Ortiz11Department of Molecular & Cellular Biology, School of Natural Science, University of California Merced 2Department of Pharmacology, Kagawa Medical University, Kagawa, Japan Type II diabetes is associated with abnormal activation of the renin‐angiotensin aldosterone system and impaired sodium (Na+) regulation contributing to volume dependent hypertension. However, the mechanisms contributing to elevated systolic blood pressure (SBP) during the development of insulin resistance (IR) are not well defined. To examine the effects of the onset of IR to impaired UNaV and SBP, three groups of rats were studied for 6 weeks (n=6/group); 1) non‐IR, Long Evans Tokushima Otsuka (LETO), 2) untreated, IR Otsuka Long Evans Tokushima Fatty (OLETF), 3) OLETF + angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB; 10 mg olmesartan/kg/d for 3 weeks). Systolic blood pressure (SBP), urine Na+ excretion (UNaV), and insulin resistance index (IRI) were measured at 9 and 15 weeks of age. At 9 weeks of age, the OLETF group exhibited a 43% increase in IRI compared to the LETO group. However, no differences in SBP and UNaV between LETO and OLETF were observed. At 15 weeks of age, the OLETFs experienced a 54% increase in IRI, accompanied by a 15% (145 mmHg) increase in mean SBP at 15 weeks, which was attributed to the 46% decrease in mean UNaV. This suggests that IR causes impaired renal Na+ regulation, contributing to the onset of hypertension. Conversely, ARB treatment in OLETFs reduced SBP by 25% and increased UNaV by 50%, as well as a 24% decrease in IRI. This indicates that inappropriate activation of AT1 contributes to IR‐associated hypertension observed in OLETF.


Erratum to: Multi-Venue Self-Exclusion for Gambling Disorders: A Retrospective Process Investigation Originally published in JGI Online First section, Issue 38, Month 2018               DOI:http://dx.doi.org/xxx-xxxx-xxThere were errors in several values listed in Figure 5 under the subheadings "Abstinent" and "Non-abstinent." Further, the order of these subheadings was reversed. The correct table is shown in the current version of the manuscript.Corrected version may be found in JGI, Issue 38, May 2018                             DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.4309/jgi.2018.38.7


This paper discussed measuring principle,instrument structure and outstanding advantages of the laser analyzer based on tunable diode-laser absorption spectroscopy technology semiconductor absorption spectrum analyzer of laser,introduced the application of the coking enterprises.


nee dislocation involves loss of the tibio-femoral continuity after disruption of two to three knee ligaments. 1,2 The structures most commonly torn are the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) and posterior cruciate ligament (PCL), and anterior tibial translation is the most common displacement mechanism. Such an injury is typically caused by high-energy trauma (i.e., motor vehicle accident), which is rare in sports. 3,4 A dislocated knee will spontaneously reduce in most cases, so the true incidence of the injury is unknown. 3,4 The principal concern is the possibility of neurovascular compromise. Disruption of neurovascular structures can lead to permanent damage, which could ultimately require leg amputation. Because spontaneous reduction often occurs, 2,3,5 neurovascular function should be evaluated after the occurrence of any acute knee ligament injury, especially when rupture of two or more ligaments is suspected.


Marjorie Desgrosseilliers is the smartypants behind SmartyPants Research & Marketing and is its CEO and owner. An IIP for 15 years, Marjorie helps businesses market themselves effectively utilizing targeted, inexpensive ways to market their services, search engine optimization and Internet marketing. You can reach her at marjoriesmartypantsresearch.com or 425-408-0368. I ndependent information professionals (IIPs) help businesses make money. Bold statement, yes. But it's true. We IIPs have always provided services that enhance the marketing productivity of our clients. Using our varied research expertise (knowing how and where to find information), professional insight and experience, we help our clients solve specific problems, make informed decisions, provide direction and guidance to their own clients and, in many cases, ultimately add to their bottom line – which, if you think about it, is what marketing is all about. So how do we do it? The proof, as they say, is in the pudding.


A modeling procedure for identifying amplitude and bandwidth dependent distortion in nonlinear RF devices is presented. The modeling mechanism is based on removing the nonlinearity behavior from the relationship between input-output measurements and applying a linear identification procedure using ARMA models. The model parameter estimation is processed through a non-recursive procedure where an overdetermined set of linear equations is solved analytically employing QR-factorization. Results were carried out for different LDMOS transistor modules at 2.14 GHz. The model fit was in the order of 96%. The method allows the bandwidth dependent distortion to be evaluated under real operating conditions by monitoring pole and zero behavior.


This introduction to the analysis of the construction of aristocratic life writing by and about German women during the long eighteenth century explores the ongoing reevaluation of autobiography and biography by historians, Germanists, and other scholars in the humanities and social scientists.


Even doe we can find many different definitions of competitive advantage, there is still no doubt that it's key attributes are: 1.cost leadership, where the main goal is to achieve the lowest cost level in the production and distribution, and 2. differentiation, the goal of which is "to be different" from the competition not only in prices but also in other determinants of the product or service. These determinants of competitive advantage refer to all types of businesses, including small and medium enterprises. As the most typical problems in business development, economic literature accents: financing, lack of managerial knowledge and expertise, poor marketing skills, small purchase, production and sales series, poor financing skills, lack of production skills, etc. How to master these problems? Does cluster-development in Croatian small enterprises present a possible solution for a growth of efficiency and market competitiveness? Our neighbours, Slovenians, Austrians, Hungarians and also Germans, Belgians and others see clusters as professional and/or regional associations which can encourage small enterprises market competitiveness growth. This paper consists of the definition of clusters, specifies the importance of national, international and regional clusters, provides an overview on dimensions and goals of cluster development in some European countries, analyses and evaluates the results of first Croatian clusters and shows the advantages but does not neglect the problems of cluster development in Croatia.


The masonry structure construction technology is the necessary professional skills which engineering practitioners must master.Based on investigation and analysis,we can choose temporary facilities construction,infill walls of brick masonry construction and the construction of three typical working process of curriculum construction as a masonry structure learning task,to solve the problem of masonry work,general construction management building block problems,and masonry structure in the complex system management issues,so that students grasp the skills of masonry structure construction.


PID control algorithm is widely used in servo control system. Because of the non-symmetrical structure of the hydraulic cylinders in the angle position electric-hydraulic servo system of plant converter, the conventional PID control has low control precision and bad flexibility. To solve the problem, an improved digital PID control algorithm with variable sampling periods is proposed. Based on the analysis of the system control principle, the system transfer function is built, and the system response curves are simulated with Matlab. The result indicates that the improved digital PID algorithm with variable sampling periods can reduce the response time, and decrease the overshoot of the system at the same time. In the application, it is proved with the improved digital PID control algorithm, the overshoot, the rise time and the settling time meet the requirements for the angle position control system.


A large part of the hydrothermal processes that took place in the Sierra of Guadarrama in the last 300 Ma, are recorded in the infillings of miarolitic cavities that are common in the La Cabrera granitic pluton. Ca-rich minerals such as epidote, prehnite, laumontite, and hexagonal calcite, and to a smaller extent K minerals (muscovite, microcline and apophyllite) are abudant in these cavities and resulted from protracted hydrothermal activity. The miarolitic cavities have been classified in four types: a) cavities with calcic minerals (epidote, prehnite, laumontite and hexagonal calcite), b) cavities with K minerals (muscovite and microcline), c) mixed cavities and d) cavities with quartz, clorite (Mg) and pyrite. Model ages (87Sr/86Sr) of epidote, microcline and apophyllite are 278±18, 143±0.5 and 8.47 Ma, respectively. K/Ar ages of four microdines are 141 ±4, 142±4, 119±3 and 102±9 Ma, and one apophyllite has given 10±2.0 Ma. Epidote model ages are coincident with the age of episyenites and that of some barren quartz veins. Microcline ages match those of some F-Pb-Ba lodes and of younger barren quartz veins. Apophyllite formation is correlated with the recent uplift of the Sierra of Guadarrama.


In the fields of adult literacy and adult learning, most researchers have focused on the acquisition of various skills and abilities. Very little aztention has been devoted to skill retention. Without more research information, it is difficult to know whether the literacy skills learned in the nation's adult education programs are likely to be retained for very long. A literature review was undertaken to summarize what is known about the following: (1) cognitive skill retention across the life span; (2) studies of literacy and basic skills retention; and (3) policy implications of skill retention work. The main conclusion of the study was that, although much is known about fields related to that of literacy retention, 'vary little research hes been done directly on the topic and serious work needs to be undertaiwn soon. A set of questions to guide future work in this area was developed. (Contains 68 references.) (Author/KC) *********************************************************************** Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. *********************************************************************** NATIONAL CENTER ON ADULT LITERACY USE IT OR LOSE IT? THE PROBLEM OF ADULT LITERACY SKILL RETENTION Daniel A. Wagner National Center on Adult Literacy University of Pennsylvania NCAL TECHNICAL REPORT TR94-07 JULY 1914 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION Office of Educational Research and Improvement EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION (j CENTER (ERIC) is docum "i ent has been reproduced as received from the person or organization originating it P Minor changes have been made to improve reproduction Qualdy Points of view or opinions stated in this document do not necessarily represent official OE RI position or policy NATIONAL CENTER ON , ^ULT LITERACY UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA 3910 CHESTNUT STREET PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104-3111 TEL: (215) 898-2100 FAX: (215) 9804 2 BEST COPY AVAILABLE USE IT OR LOSE IT? THE PROBLEM OF ADULT LITERACY SKILL RETENTION Daniel A. Wagner National Center on Adult Literacy University of Pennsylvania NCAL TECHNICAL REPORT TR94-07 JULY 1994 This work was supported by funding from the National Center on Adult Literacy at the University of Pennsylvania, which is part of the Education Research and Development Center Program (Grant No. R1 17(20003) as administered by the Office of Educational Research and Improvement, U.S. Department of Education, in cooperation with the Departments of Labor and Health and Human Services. The findings and opinions expressed here do not necessarily reflect the position or policies of the National Center on Adult Literacy, the Office of Educational Research and Improvement, or the U.S. Department of Education.


For the first time we detected microlensing events at zero latitude in the Galactic bulge using the VISTA Variables in the Via Lactea Survey (VVV) data. We have discovered a total sample of N = 630 events within an area covering 20.7 sq. deg. Using the near-IR color magnitude diagram we selected N = 291 red clump sources, allowing us to analyse the longitude dependence of microlensing across the central region of the Galactic plane. We thoroughly accounted for the photometric and sampling efficiency. The spatial distribution is homogeneous, with the number of events smoothly increasing toward the Galactic center. We find a slight asymmetry, with a larger number of events toward negative longitudes than positive longitudes, that is possibly related with the inclination of the bar along the line of sight. We also examined the timescale distribution which shows a mean on 17.4 +- 1.0 days for the whole sample, and 20.7 +- 1.0 for the Red Clump subsample.


Positioning a transmitter via measured times of arrival (TOAs), or range measurements, is a familiar technique that has received much attention in the literature. In the traditional geometric interpretation, TOAs generate circles whose intersections provide the estimate of the transmitter. In this paper a new geometrical interpretation is presented in which straight lines of position (LOPs), rather than the circular LOPs, are used to determine the position of the transmitter. The straight LOPs come from a simple observation regarding the geometry of the system and are not obtained from linearization. Two methods using the straight LOPs are given and their performance is analyzed and compared to methods which employ linearization.


It is important to accurately evaluate and reduce jitter accumulation in long-haul digital repeatered lines. Jitter accumulation caused by random pattern signals has already been analyzed. However, periodic pattern signals such as pseudorandom signals are usually used to measure jitter accumulation. This paper describes the difference between the jitter accumulation for both signals and the necessary conditions to accurately estimate jitter accumulation for random pattern signals by using periodic pattern signals. First, it is shown theoretically that systematic jitter for periodic signals saturates, showing a ripple pattern. The limit of increase is determined by the ratio of tank bandwidth and pattern repetition frequency. Up to a certain number of regenerators determined by the ratio, systematic jitter increases in rough proportion to the \sqrt{N} slope. It is also shown that the equation to estimate random pattern jitter accumulation is determined by the measured value for periodic pattern signals. Second, jitter characteristics are simulated by optical signal circulating experiments. The results are in agreement with the analysis. In addition, the reduction effects on periodic signal jitter accumulation caused by timing signal delay and nonlinearity of the limiter in the timing circuit are shown.


A method is described for determining the approximate average rate at which the California mussel, Mytilus californianus, propels water through its gill chambers.The method consists of analyses at frequent intervals of the amount of calcium remaining in suspension (as CaCO3) in a given volume of continually stirred water containing the mussels, which remove the suspended material as they pass the water through their chambers.Mathematical treatment and interpretation of the data obtained, support the conclusions that (1) virtually all of the suspended matter is removed as the water passes over the mucous surfaces of the gills and mantle of the mussel; (2) the mussel propels the water rhythmically through its filtering system at a rate which on an average is constant, varying according to the size and perhaps also according to other physiological attributes of the animals. In medium-sized animals (of 95 to 130 mm. length) the propulsion rate may vary between extreme values of 2.2 and 2.9 liters per hour, an...


Objective To analyze the biological characteristics and induction of specific CTL activity of H 22 DC vaccine. Methods Dendritic cells (DCs) were isolated from murine spleen by metrizamide density, and fused with H 22 cells by PEG and the fusion cells were mared with CD11c MicroBeads. The H 22 DC was sirted with mimi MACs sorter. As the immunogen, H 22 DC was inoculated subcutaneously into the right armpit of BALB/C mice, and their tumorigenicity in vivo was observed. MTT was used to test the CTL activity of murine spleen in vitro. Results H 22 DC was able to divide and proliferate in vitro, but its activity of proliferation was significantly decreased as compared with H 22 cells and its growth curve was flatter than H 22 cells. The spleen CTL activity against H 22 cells in mice implanted with freash H 22 DC was significantly higher than control groups (H 22 +DC, H 22 , PBS) ( P0 01 ). Conclusion H 22 DC could induce specific CTL activity and DC vaccine is likely to become a helpful approach in immunotherapy of hepatocarcinoma.


Objective
To explore the effect of sublingual immunotherapy on airway inflammation and immune imbalance in children with allergic asthma induced by dermatophagoides dust mite.

Methods
The clinical data of 150 children with allergic asthma caused by dust mites treated at our hospital from December, 2014 to December, 2017 were retrospectively analyzed. They were divided into a control group (n=78) and an observation group (n=72) according to different treatments. The control group were treated with glucocorticoid, and the observation group with glucocorticoid and dermatophagoides farinae drops.

Results
After 1 year's treatment, the scores of day and night asthma symptoms were lower than those before the treatment in the two groups, and were so in the observation group than in the control group (P 0.05). After 1 years' treatment, the levels of SIg G4 and INF-γ of dust mites was higher than those before the treatment in both groups; and the levels of SIg G4 and INF-γ of dust mites were significantly higher in the observation group than in the control group (P<0.05). The FeNO and IL-4 decreased after the treatment in both groups, and decreases more significantly in the observation group than in the control group (P<0.05). The total score of quality of life was significantly higher in the observation group than in the control group (P< 0.05).

Conclusions
Sublingual immunotherapy for children with dermatophagoides allergic asthma can effectively improve the clinical symptoms, reduce the inflammatory response, control the number of asthma attacks, ensure the immune indidcators in a balanced state, and promote the children's recovery. The value of the treatment is affirmed.

Key words:
Dermatophagoides dust mite allergy asthma; Children; Dermatophagoides farinae drops; Glucocorticoid stimulating agent; Inflammation; Immune indicators


Disclosed is a solar cell module. The solar cell module includes a substrate including at least one hole, and a first surface and a second surface opposite to each other; a solar cell panel located on the first surface and including a plurality of solar cells; a bus bar connected to one of the solar cells; and a cable for outputting a current of the solar cell panel to an outside, wherein the bus bar makes contact with the cable through the hole.


We aim at provoking new ideas for computational tools based on the powerful algorithms currently available for the TSP. They can help to order DNA sequences and can be viewed as complementary tools to the existing phylogenetic methods, uncovering interesting correlations not made explicit in most tree layouts. We study the problem of ordering the sequences such that they minimize the total intersequence distances. The distances are based on a measure that approximates Kolmogorov complexity. The method is fully automatizable, and the results are very encouraging.


A b s t r a c t . A radio-tracking experiment with Rhinolophus hipposideros in southern Bavaria revealed a new roost of a colony and a first insight into the foraging areas of this species in the Alps. The radio-tracked female mainly foraged in mountainous forests using 7 different foraging areas in three nights. They were located at an average distance of 2.4 km (max. 3.6) from the roost.


Carbon dioxide (CO2) is currently considered as a waste material due to its negative impact on the environment. However, it is possible to create value from CO2 by capturing and utilizing it as a building block for commodity chemicals. Electrochemical conversion of CO2 has excellent potential for reducing greenhouse gas emissions and reaching zero net emissions by 2050. To date, Carbon Capture and Utilization (CCU) technologies have been studied independently. We report a novel methodology based on the integration of CO2 capture and conversion by the direct utilization of a CO2 capture media as electrolyte for electrochemical CO2 conversion. This has a high potential for reducing capital and operational cost when compared to traditional methodologies. A novel mixture of chemical and physical absorption solvents allowed for the captured CO2 to be converted to formic acid with faradaic efficiencies up to 50 % and with carbon conversion of ca. 30 %. By increasing the temperature in the electrochemical reactor from 20 °C to 75 °C, the productivity towards formic acid increased by a factor of 10, reaching up to 0.7 mmol∙m-2·s-1. The direct conversion of captured CO2 was also demonstrated for carbon monoxide formation with faradaic efficiencies up 45 %.


In the present paper, we study nonresonant corrections for experimental measurements of the transition frequencies in the helium atom. Having attracted more attention, such effects can make a significant contribution to experiments based on one- and two-photon atomic spectroscopy. The quantum interference effects in the measurements of n 3 S 1 − 33 D 1 (n = 3, 4, 5) transition frequencies based on Doppler-free two-photon spectroscopy, are considered as a possible source of current discrepancy between the experimental and theoretical data. We demonstrate that line profile asymmetry caused by the quantum interference of fine sub-levels of the DJ3(J=1,2,3) state can reach tenths of a megahertz for different experimental conditions. Thus, previously unaccounted nonresonant corrections should be taken in next-generation experimental measurements of transitions frequencies in helium. However, they could not completely eliminate the current imbalance in the study of helium spectra and the question is still open.


Dive data were collected from nine narwhals, Monodon monoceros, instrumented with satellite-linked dive recorders in northwest Greenland in August–September 1993 and 1994. Data were collected for periods ranging from a few weeks to 9 months. The narwhals made daily dives to depths of more than 500 m and frequently dived to 1000 m or more. However, most of the time spent below the surface was in the water column at depths of between 8 and 52 m. For two males that were tracked from September through November the maximum dive depth increased steadily through time. There were no consistent differences in the duration of dives or the number of dives to depths > 8 m during four 6-h periods that were monitored. There were significant differences in dive rates (number of dives per hour) between the large males, the small male, and the females. More than half of the dives lasted less than 5 min and few lasted more than 20 min. These relatively short dive times suggest that narwhals do not exceed their aerobic dive...


On 6 June 2014, the Constitutional Court handed down judgment in the case of Jabulani Zulu and 389 Others v eThekwini Municipality and Others.


Global methane budgets suffer from a lack of field studies in African forests, but new research sheds light on methane emissions and uptake from upland forests in the Congo Basin.


Abstract  This study discussed about the types of English idiomatic expressions in Paper Towns novel and how those idiomatic expressions are translated into Bahasa Indonesia. The data are collected from English and Bahasa Indonesia version of Paper Towns novel by John Green. This study used the theory by Fernando (1996) and Mona Baker (1992). There are 95 data collected and analyzed. (1) Three strategies are used in translating idiomatic expressions, 19 data are translated using an idiom of similar meaning and form, 6 data are translated using an idiom of similar meaning but dissimilar dorm and the mostly used strategy is translation by paraphrase with 70 data. Translation by omission does not applied by the translator. (2) Types of idiomatic expressions are find out, 14 data of literal idioms, 10 data of semi idioms, and the most commonly found is pure idiom with 71 data.    Keywords: Idiomatic expressions, Types of idiom, Translation strategies


Objective To explore the prevalence of dental fluorosis among children in an industrial area of aluminum electrolysis. Methods 2 156 8-12-year old children were selected in a certain industrial area of aluminum electrolysis for investigation of their prevalence of dental fluorosis and the contents of fluoride in urine. At the same time, the contents of fluoride in the environmental media were investigated also. Results The prevalence of dental fluorosis was 51.11% for children, the content of fluoride in urine samples of children was (1.44


The square-planar cobalt(III) complexes of o-phenylenebis(N′-methyloxamidate) (Me2opba) and related oxamate (Meopba) and bis(oxamate) (opba) ligands catalyse the selective oxidation, by dioxygen and pivalaldehyde, of a wide range of secondary alcohols to the corresponding ketones, in good yields and under mild conditions in acetonitrile at room temperature. Thus, the oxidation of the series of α-alkylbenzyl alcohols PhCH(OH)R (R = Me, Et, iPr, tBu) results in the exclusive formation of ketones as a product of C−H bond cleavage, and no C−C bond cleavage products are observed in any case. The modulation of catalytic activity by ligand substituents among this series of cobalt catalysts highlights the role of oxocobalt(IV) species as the putative intermediates in these aerobic alcohol oxidation reactions. Relative reactivities for the oxidation of 1-phenylethanol increase in the order Me2opba < Meopba < opba, which correlates with the oxidising power of the postulated CoIV=O intermediate. In contrast, competitive reaction studies on the oxidation of the series of para-substituted 1-phenylethanol derivatives XPhCH(OH)CH3 (X = H, OMe, Br, CF3, NO2) show little variation in relative rate (kX/kH) with the para substituent and no correlation with Hammett σ parameters. Overall, these results are more in line with a mechanism involving concerted hydride transfer in the oxidation of alcohols by high-valent oxocobalt species (rather than a hydrogen atom transfer or an electron transfer mechanism).


This paper presents the results of investigation carried out to improve the mechanical toughness of cement mortar. Toughness is a basic parameter which has to be improved in brick walls, concrete roads, machine foundations, dams etc. Materials fails due to an impact force and vibrations resulting in minor cracks and bonding failure between bricks, it leads to failure of the structure. In order to avoid the failure toughness has to be enhanced and this can be done by modifying the cement mortar. In this project recycled glass is used in the form of powder less than 45 µm as replacement of cement. Also natural rubber latex is added as 20% replacement of water. Three mortar mix are considered, namely 1:3, 1:4, 1:5. The compressive strength of mortar cubes, and flexural strength are done to determine the strength and toughness of the mortar. Results showed that fracture toughness increased to considerable amount.


The opinions and assertions contained herein are the private views of the authors and are not to be construed as official or as reflecting the views of the U.S. Army or the U.S. Department of Defense. This poster has been approved for public release with unlimited distribution. • AGeS is a fully integrated, user-friendly HPC system that:  Provides a Web-based interface to store and retrieve sequence data  Annotates genomic sequences  Assigns functions to predicted protein-coding regions  Provides a visualization of the annotation using GBrowse  Currently compatible with bacterial genomes • Future work  Annotation of viral genomes, clinical samples and metagenomic samples  Addition of tools for diagnostics, characterization, and comparative genomics www.bhsai.org