In this paper the Galilean, scaling and translational self–similarity conditions for the AKNS hierarchy are analysed geometrically in terms of the infinite dimensional Grassmannian. The string equations found recently by non–scaling limit analysis of the one–matrix model are shown to correspond to the Galilean self–similarity condition for this hierarchy. We describe, in terms of the initial data for the zero–curvature 1–form of the AKNS hierarchy, the moduli space of these self–similar solutions in the Sato Grassmannian. As a byproduct we characterize the points in the Segal–Wilson Grassmannian corresponding to the Sachs rational solutions of the AKNS equation and to the Nakamura–Hirota rational solutions of the NLS equation. An explicit 1– parameter family of Galilean self–similar solutions of the AKNS equation and the associated solution to the NLS equation is determined.


The radiation resistance of an elliptical loop antenna with constant current in compressible plasma is found by using a two-fluid magnetohydrodynamic model. The finite but small dimensions of the elliptical wire are taken into consideration in evaluating the contributions from the ion- and electron-plasma modes.


Myeloid sarcoma (MS) or chloroma represents extramedullary accumulation of immature myeloid cells. In the World Health Organization classifications, these tumors are called granulocytic sarcomas. MS may occur concomitantly or precede the development of myeloid tumors such as acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML) by several weeks to months. Occasionally, MS represents extramedullary blast transformation of chronic myeloid leukemia and other chronic myeloproliferative neoplasms and myelodysplastic syndromes or indicates relapse in previously treated patients. Immunohistochemistry represents the gold standard of histopathological diagnosis, given the similarity of the MS medium to large-size tumor cells to many other malignant cell infiltrates making them hard to identify. Diagnosis is often difficult to reach and is missed in up to 50% of the isolated MS lesions, especially when immunohistochemistry is not properly used. MS can affect variety of body tissue organs such as the skin, bone, gastrointestinal tract, mucosal tissue, and the central nervous system. Isolated MS of the biliary system is rare. We report a 2-year-old boy with isolated MS affecting the porta hepatis (PH) who responded well to AML-type chemotherapy. Few cases of MS were reported in pediatric patients affecting the liver and biliary system. The development of isolated MS in the PH is extremely rare and has not been previously reported in the literature. To our knowledge, this is the first child to be reported with sole involvement of such location.


This study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of NPK (15-15-6) fertilizer on the growth and yield of lowland rice. It was carried out on irrigated rice fields in the second season (March-June), on Alfisol soil (25 m asl). RCBD experimental design with 8 doses of fertilizer treatment and 3 replications. Treatment: a) without fertilizer, b) local recommendation of NPK (15-15-15) 300 + Urea 200 kg/ha, c) NPK (15-15-6) 200 + Urea 0 kg/ha, d) NPK (15-15-6) 300 + Urea 0 kg/ha, e) NPK (15-15-6) 400 + Urea 0 kg/ha, f) NPK (15-15-6) 200 + Urea 200 kg/ha, g) NPK (15-15-6) 300 + Urea 200 kg/ha, and h) NPK (15-15-6) 400 + Urea 100 kg/ha. The results showed that the application of NPK (15-15-6) 300 + 200 urea kg/ha had a significant effect on plant height, productive tillers and yield. The yield was 7,448 t/ha and the RAE (Relative Agronomic Effectiveness) value was 106.46, while the recommended fertilizer yield was 7.20 t/ha and the RAE value was 100. NPK fertilizer (15-15-6) dose of 300 + 200 Urea kg/ha can recomedate as an alternative NPK fertilizer in lowland rice.


The Engineering Education Scholars Program (EESP) is a small but crucial endeavor in the National Science Foundation's (NSF) approach to stimulate a comprehensive reform of undergraduate engineering education. For two summers, EESP has invited diverse groups of several dozen, doctoral engineering students and junior faculty members to participate in a weeklong, hands-on workshop focused on teaching philosophy, classroom skills, and the essentials of the academic career. This paper outlines the background and scope of EESP, the benefits enjoyed by participants, and tips on establishing EESP at other institutions. Participants testify to enjoying myriad benefits during and after EESP, especially in effective teaching and learning strategies, small group/cooperative learning, and professional development. Seven cases are presented to illustrate how participants have made substantial progress in their understanding of important areas of pedagogy. These cases also demonstrate how this learning has translated into confidence in implementing fresh—and often successful— approaches in the classroom. Participants additionally credit EESP with an early opportunity to "learn the ropes" of the academic career, including valuable insight into the hiring process, mentoring, promotion and tenure, and writing grant proposals. The positive impact of EESP has motivated NSF and others to spread EESP around the country to benefit larger numbers of future faculty members. Lessons learned over the past two years through an extensive evaluation process are shared to help other institutions implement EESP and similarly equip new faculty to become the necessary "change agents" in undergraduate engineering education. Background and Scope of EESP The Engineering Education Scholars Program (EESP) is a small but crucial endeavor in the National Science Foundation's (NSF) approach to stimulate a comprehensive reform of undergraduate engineering education 1, . In 1996, organizers initiated EESP at the University of Wisconsin at Madison to encourage a cultural change in engineering education from traditional faculty-centered, individual teaching to student-centered, problem-based, team learning. To P ge 359.1 reach this goal, EESP has invited diverse groups of several dozen doctoral engineering students and junior faculty members to participate in a weeklong, hands-on workshop focused on teaching philosophy, classroom skills, and the essentials of the academic career. EESP '97 enabled participants to achieve the following program objectives: 1. enhance their knowledge of teaching methods and the learning process 2. develop their understanding and appreciation of the diversity of undergraduate students related to learning styles, cultural background, age, gender, and interests 3. increase their capacity to embrace future responsibilities for leadership in engineering education 4. bolster their confidence in becoming "change agents" to create effective teaching and learning environments at their own institutions 5. strengthen their preparation as teachers of undergraduate students and, thereby, improve their skills for the competitive job market in higher education. Many recognized experts in engineering education have conducted sessions aimed at fulfilling these objectives. Experts at EESP '97 included Drs. Ken Heller (University of Minnesota), Paula Heron (University of Washington), Lillian McDermott (University of Washington), Elaine Seymour (University of Colorado), Karl Smith (University of Minnesota), Jim Stice (University of Texas at Austin), and Don Woods (McMaster University). The highly interactive atmosphere during EESP also assisted participants in accomplishing the program objectives. The benefits of cooperative learning and mutuality were realized through many events that provided opportunities for small group and one-on-one exchanges, sometimes in the middle of larger formal sessions and, at other times, during meals or evening events (Figures 1 and 2). Through these activities, the thirty-seven doctoral engineering students and junior faculty (Figure 3) enjoyed valuable interaction and even developed meaningful long-term relationships. The participant feedback presented in the next section confirms that EESP objectives were indeed achieved.


Collaborative arrangements among educators and community agencies can transfer programs for the gifted from outdated school systems to comprehensive educational systems.


The COVID-19 pandemic has left the world in complete disarray. Different economies around the world have tackled the COVID-19 pandemic differently, with several monetary and fiscal policies being introduced to combat the devastating effects the pandemic has had on the economy. This chapter focuses on some of the most economically powerful countries and their policies to overcome pandemic-related adversities. More importantly, it gives insights on how COVID-19 is different from earlier crises in terms of its characteristics and also in terms of the uniqueness of the initiatives taken by the major economies in mitigating its impact. The chapter also discusses how the new-age technologies can help manage this crisis better. The study also discusses the implications for the policymakers, the governments, the executioners, and the think tanks or consultants to the decision makers.


By comparing migrants to matched potential migrants with similar characteristics of their country of origin using Gallup World Poll data, it is estimated that migrants worldwide assess the quality of their lives on average 9% more positive after migration. They also experience approximately 5% more positive emotions and 7% less negative emotions due to migration. Most of these happiness gains are experienced within the first five years after migration. Families left behind generally evaluate their lives more positively, but frequently experience more negative emotions.


Efficiency of intravenous use of the iron (III) hydroxide oligoizomaltozat in the pregnant with anemia in II and III trimesters of pregnancy is shown. Earlier performance of intravenous ferrotherapy results in the best outcomes: in the II trimester before labor authentically smaller number of women has anemia. In comparison of different methods of therapy (single infusion and fractional course of equivalent dosages of iron) more expressed effect when performing therapy by fractional course is noted.


Efforts to manipulate production of plant secondary cell walls to improve the quality of biofuel feedstocks are currently limited by an inability to regulate the transport of small molecule components out of the cell. Plant ABCB p-glycoproteins are a small family of plasma membrane organic molecule transporters that have become primary targets for this effort, as they can potentially be harnessed to control the export of aromatic compounds and organic acids. However, unlike promiscuous mammalian ABCBs that function in multidrug resistance, all plant ABCB proteins characterized to date exhibit relatively narrow substrate specificity. Although ABCBs exhibit a highly conserved architecture, efforts to modify ABCB activity have been hampered by a lack of structural information largely because an eukaryotic ABCB protein crystal structure has yet to be obtained. Structure/ function analyses have been further impeded by the lack of a common heterologous expression system that can be used to characterize recombinant ABCB proteins, as many cannot be functionally expressed in S. cereviseae or other systems where proteins with analogous function can be readily knocked out. Using experimentally-determined plant ABCB substrate affinities and the crystal structure of the bacterial Sav1866 "half" ABC transporter, we have developed sequence/structure models for ABCBs that providemore » a testable context for mutational analysis of plant ABCB transporters. We have also developed a flexible heterologous expression system in Schizosaccharomyces pombe in which all endogenous ABC transporters have been knocked out. The effectiveness of this system for transport studies has been demonstrated by the successful functional expression all of the known PIN, AUX/LAX and ABCB auxin transporters. Our central hypothesis is that the domains of the ABCB proteins that we have identified as substrate docking sites and regulators of transport directionality can be altered or swapped to alter the transport characteristics of the proteins. We propose to combine computer modelling, mutational analyses, and complementation of well characterized Arabidopsis abcb4,14,and 19 mutants to elucidate ABCB function. The long term objective of this project is to enhance ABCB transport of cell wall components, to manipulate the direction of ABCB substrate transport, and, ultimately, to produce "designer" ABC transporters that can be used to modify plant feedstock quality.« less


The clinical data of 103 patients with type 2 diabetes (diabetic group) and 111 diabetic patients with acute cerebral infarction (ACI) admitted from August 2016 to October 2017 were reviewed and 101 health subjects served as normal controls (group NC). The examination results of carotid ultrasound, serum uric acid (SUA) levels and blood biochemistry were compared among three groups. The results show that SUA in diabetic patients with ACI was significantly higher (P<0.01). The correlation analysis showed that SUA was positively correlated with intimal medial thickness (IMT) of carotid artery, diabetes with ACI (r=0.521 and 0.489, P<0.01). Logistic regression analysis showed that SUA was an independent risk factor for diabetes with ACI (OR=1.012, 95%CI: 1.007-1.017, P<0.01). Multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that high SUA and systemic blood pressure (SBP) were independent risk factors of increased IMT. Logistic regression analysis showed that SUA was an independent risk factor for vulnerable carotid plaques (OR=1.052, 95%CI: 1.039-1.065, P<0.01).

Key words:
Uric acid; Brain infarction, acute; Diabetes mellitus, type 2; Tunica intima, carotid arteries


Application layer attacks are increasing rapidly and are becoming a common threat to Web security. Attackers use many types of vulnerable malicious code to cripple and penetrate a Web site, from low-level attacks to high-level data breaches that expose infrastructure of the web applications. OWSAP 2015 has declared that XSS attacks are amongst the most powerful attacks against web applications. These attacks can be prevented by using techniques like same origin policy, filtering, escaping and other validation approaches. XSS vulnerabilities may lead to effects like denial of service, stealing of cookies, session tokens, and other user sensitive data. We propose a linear based automaton approach called XSS Chaser which prevents web applications from XSS attacks. Our approach performs string analysis to generate vulnerable patterns to prevent XSS. These patterns are generated using onward and backward interpretation. The experimental result shows that our approach provides better response time compared to existing Techniques.


Direct ultrasonic imaging of arterial and venous thrombi could aid in diagnosis and treatment planning by providing rapid and cost-effective measurements of thrombus volume and elastic modulus. Toward this end, it was demonstrated that open-air magnetomotive ultrasound (MMUS) provides specific contrast to superparamagnetic iron oxide-labeled model thrombi embedded in gelatin-based blood vessel-mimicking flow phantoms. MMUS was performed on model thrombi in the presence of pulsatile flow that mimics cardiac-induced motion found in real vasculature. The MMUS signal and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) were measured across a range of physiologically relevant thrombus volumes and elastic moduli. Model thrombus volumes as small as 0.5 ml were shown to be detectable (CNR > 1) over the entire range of elastic moduli tested (3.5–40 kPa). It was also found that MMUS signal and CNR are increased with increasing thrombus volume (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$r = 0.99$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) and decreasing elastic modulus (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$r = -0.81$ </tex-math></inline-formula>), while variations in pulsatile flow rate had little effect. These findings demonstrate that MMUS has promise as a direct <italic>in vivo</italic> thrombosis imaging modality for quantifying thrombus volume and stiffness.


It aims at find out the shortage of Value chain activities should be improved of Chinese little recycle companies, through a comparative analysis of value chain activities of a laggard and advanced ...


Measurements of the TFR plasma ion temperature over a wide range (300 eV ≤Ti≤ 1000 eV) have shown that the ion energy balance could be explained by losses following a 'plateau' dependence, the ion-ion collision frequency being increased by the presence of impurities. No 'banana'-like conduction loss has been found even for a 1 keV ion temperature plasma.


Treatment of ethylene glycol poisoning in dogs Connally, H. E., Thrall, M. A., Forney, S. D., Grauer, G. F. & Hamar, D. W. (1996) Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 209, 1880 Effects of neutering cats at different ages Stubbs, W. P., Bloomberg, M. S., Scruggs, S. L., Shille, V. M. & Lane, T. J. (1996) Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 209, 1864


A convenient and accurate form has been developed to apply the Rosin and Rammler equation in expressing the distribution of sizes in broken coal. Designed by the Bureau of Mines, a free sample of this form, accurately ruled and printed, is available. This equation is finding wide application in research and industrial problems relating to the utilization of coal and coke; use of the graphical method saves cumbersome mathematical computations.


This report compiles the studies carried out on the theme of fertility and family change in Ethiopia by researchers from different Ethiopian and Italian institution. It provides insights for a deeper understanding of the determinants of fertility and family change in Ethiopia.


The aim of the QIP was to raise awareness about the importance of oxygen prescription amongst healthcare staff and improve the oxygen prescription rate on Kardex by 50% in 3 weeks at both surgical and medical wards.

 Oxygen is considered a type of drug and should be prescribed on the Kardex. The administration of inappropriate oxygen concentration can have fatal consequences such as prolonged hypoxaemia or hyperoxia. Therefore, it is good practice to prescribe oxygen on the Kardex.

 Data was collected from 25 patients from surgical and medical wards once weekly. 3 plan-do-study-act (PDSA) interventions were undertaken. Source of information were the Kardex, NEWS observation chart, direct observation of oxygen delivery at patient's bedside and ward round documentation. The reason both surgical and medical wards were selected was to showcase just how prevalent the use of oxygen is in the hospital regardless of the underlying diagnosis.

 In PDSA 1, only 8% of the patients had oxygen prescribed. First intervention was to educate the doctors and nurses at the wards on the importance of oxygen prescription and the harmful effects of inaccurate target oxygen saturations. Following this, oxygen prescription increased to 45% in PDSA 2. In the second intervention, visual prompts were displayed in the wards. The oxygen prescription rate in PDSA 3 reached 53%.

 We achieved our goal of this QI project through 3 PDSA cycles, which is to improve oxygen prescription by 50%. However, there is still room for improvement to sustain this good clinical practice.


Cases from the aerospace medicine resident's teaching file #65. Complicated diagnosis of left ear pain and facial weakness in an aviator. Aviat Space Environ Med 1996; 67:787-9. A case report is presented of an aviator with progressive neurological symptoms. Diagnosis, treatment, and aeromedical disposition of a cerebello-pontine angle tumor is discussed.


A new emerging modality in modern breast thermography is dynamic infrared imaging, when a series of thermal images are recorded during cooling or heating. One of the challenges this process presents is the exact match of points across samples, since the variations of pose could affect a lot of data. The main difficulty lies in eliminating the movements of the subject due to voluntary and involuntary movement. This is not always possible using mechanical stabilization and movement can disrupt the surface temperature measurements. In this work, we present a framework to process a series of thermographic images captured with an infrared camera that allows the matching of each point across time in the image series. We also developed a technique for image registration mismatch detection and correction.


The choice of plants is a crucial aspect for the practical use of this technique. Up today, about 400 natural plants that hyperaccumulate metals are reported, Brassicaceae being the family with the largest number of hyperaccumulator species. However, metal hyperaccumulation is not a common phenomenon in terrestrial higher plants, and many of the European hyperaccumulator plants are of small biomass and a slow growth rate. Therefore, there is an urgent need for surveying and screening of plants with ability to accumulate metals in their tissues and a relatively high biomass.


In the case of the restrictions of energy on wireless sensor nodes,how to choose a reasonable routing protocol of adaptive topology change and control transmission radius effectively to improve the whole performance of the sensor networks becomes the issue on current research fields.Based on RSSI ranging technology,this novel introduced and compared three transmission distance control strategies,which utilizes time-delay and energy-comsumption as the reference index.Simulation results show that,choosing transmission radius dynamically can obviously improve the whole performance of the system,prolong the lifetime of the network and decrease the energy consumption and time delay of the sensor nodes.


Any fan of science fiction knows that movies and television series such as the X-Files often incorporate stories about top secret government medical research projects. While one may reasonably dismiss the plausibility of projects involving aliens or cyborgs, the existence of secret government experiments on unwitting citizens is well documented.

There is a long and varied history of medical experimentation in the United States by government operated or sanctioned institutions in the mid to late 20th century. …


There are multiple constructs of South Asian language contexts. The region has been characterized, in great exasperation, as a linguistic ''problem area,'' a proverbial Tower of Babel. These metaphors apply to South Asia as a whole, to the State of India, and to each distinct region. A penetrating observer of Indian society and culture, V. S. Naipaul, portrayed this land of his ancestors as ''a country of a million little mutinies.'' But the crises of the mutinies, reassures Naipaul, ''were the beginning of a new way for many millions, part of India's growth, part of its restoration'' (1990: 517–18). Naipaul, of course, was not specifically thinking of the region's language conflicts, but if he were, he would not be entirely wrong. Those linguistic mutinies, the long history of the subcontinent tells us, have ultimately proved to be creative conflicts in many ways. The Indian subcontinent comprises seven sovereign states: India (population 1,095,351,995), Pakistan (165,803,560), Bangladesh (147,365,352), Nepal (28,287,147), Sri Lanka (20,222,240), Bhutan (2,279,723), and Maldives (359,008). But linguistically speaking, these political divisions cloud the extensive underlying – and deeply shared – chronicles of literary and sociolinguistic histories of the present seven states of the subcontinent. The major language families of South Asia are Indo-Aryan, Dravidian, Tibeto-Burman, and Munda. The region's diversity also manifests itself in religious pluralism, representing Buddhism, Christianity, Hinduism, Islam, Jainism, Sikhism, and Zoroastrianism. The South Asian region comprises almost 25 percent of the global population. This number, however, represents only a part of the linguistic reality of the subcontinent. In their historical and functional contexts, the South Asian languages exhibit an extended tradition of diffusion, mutual contact, and convergence. This earlier, and ongoing, linguistic convergence (Sprachbund) between and among typologically distinct languages is also evident in their literatures,


Conventional design of ferrite-cored inductor employs air gaps to store magnetic energy. In this work, the gap length is allowed to be smaller than the conventional value so that the nonlinear ferrite material is biased in the region with low permeability and, hence, significant energy density. A peak in the inductance-gap relationship has thus been uncovered where the total energy stored in the gaps and the core is maximized. A reluctance model is formulated to explain the peaking behavior, and is verified experimentally. Curves of inductance versus gap length are generated to aid the design of swinging inductance and reduce the core size.


This article presents indicative estimates of multi–factor productivity (MFP) using estimates of quality adjusted labour inputs and capital services. Using a growth accounting framework, output growth can be decomposed into contributions due to changes in labour and capital inputs, and a residual component variously described in the literature as 'disembodied technical change', the 'Solow residual', total factor productivity (TFP) or – as in this article - MFP. This approach complements traditional measures of productivity, which focus only on one factor of production – labour – and take account only of changes in volumes (that is, hours worked) but not changes in the composition of labour input over time. Capital services have been estimated using data consistent with Blue Book 2011. Data for 2010 show a small positive contribution to UK output growth from MFP in 2010, following sharply negative contributions in 2008 and 2009. There are a number of methodological changes since the last publication of MFP estimates in May 2011, of which the most significant is a change in the industrial breakdown to reflect a revised Standard Industrial Classification (SIC). About this release This is the latest in an annual series of MFP releases, containing indicative estimates of MFP growth for 1998 to 2010 consistent with Blue Book 2011. Data are presented for the whole economy, the market sector and ten industry groups. MFP measures the change in real (inflation adjusted) economic output that cannot be accounted for by changes in measured inputs of labour and capital.


The object edge enhancement is a primary task in image processing, and it is a difficult problem owing to the sonar image bad quality. Rough set theory is a new mathematical tool to deal with problems on vagueness and uncertainty, and provide an effective tool for intelligent information processing. The experimental results show that the method is feasible.


We present the experience of universities in Cordoba cooperative cataloging of theses and final papers. The catalog is a product of the Agreement of Academic Libraries of Cordoba (ABUC). It sets out the member institutions of the Agreement, the objectives, achievements and products and services.
Finally one hand are the general characteristics of catalog: history, types of works included, fields, number of records, stages of development, and the other technical characteristics: management, search interface, and module used technological tools statistics.


The nutritive components of the brown rice harvested in the Meiji era and preserved for about seventy years in the sealed can at room temperature (we call it Meiji-rice hereafter) were analyzed and compared with those of new rice. The experimental results were as follows: 1) The contents of water, crude fat and crude fiber of Meiji-rice were less than those of new rice, especially the contents of B1 and B2 were remarkably decreased. 2) Amino acid composition in glutelin isolated from rice showed a slight difference between the Meiji-rice and the new rice, but the amount of NH3 in the Meiji-rice was about 1.4 times higher than this of the new rice. 3) The quantity of "fatby-hydrolysis" of the Meiji-rice starch was less than about half of this of the new rice, but the fatty acid composition was found about the same though only linoleic acid in the Meiji-rice was less than the new rice. 4) As to minerals, the contents of Pb, and these of Fe in Meiji-rice were higher than those in new rice, while the contents of Cd and Cu in Meiji were about 40 percentage of these of new rice, Mn and Zn didn't show a remarkable difference between these two. As and Hg was trace in both Meiji-rice and new rice .


Nondestructive testing of composite panels benefit from the relatively long range propagation of guided waves in sandwich structures. The guided waves are sensitive to delamination, air bubbles inclusions and cracks and can thus bring information about hidden defects in the composite panel. The preliminary data in all such inspections is represented by the dispersion curves, representing the dependency of the phase/group velocity on the frequency for the propagating modes. In fact, all modes are more or less attenuated, so it is even more important to compute the dispersion curves, which provide also the modal attenuation as function of frequency. Another important aspect is the sensitivity of the dispersion curves on each of the elastic constant of the composite, which are orthotropic in most cases. All these aspects are investigated in the present work, based on our specially developed finite element numerical model implemented in Comsol, which has several advantages over existing methods. The dispersion curves and modal displacements are computed for an example of composite plate. Comparison with literature data validates the accuracy of our results.Nondestructive testing of composite panels benefit from the relatively long range propagation of guided waves in sandwich structures. The guided waves are sensitive to delamination, air bubbles inclusions and cracks and can thus bring information about hidden defects in the composite panel. The preliminary data in all such inspections is represented by the dispersion curves, representing the dependency of the phase/group velocity on the frequency for the propagating modes. In fact, all modes are more or less attenuated, so it is even more important to compute the dispersion curves, which provide also the modal attenuation as function of frequency. Another important aspect is the sensitivity of the dispersion curves on each of the elastic constant of the composite, which are orthotropic in most cases. All these aspects are investigated in the present work, based on our specially developed finite element numerical model implemented in Comsol, which has several advantages over existing methods. The dispersio...


AIM
To convenience of the methods for assaying red blood cell glycolysis without oxygen condition in the studies.

METHODS
Reagent kit of glucose, perchloric acid, visible light prismatic photometer, battle of nitrogen and rocking bed are used in the studies. The process includes 4 steps prepare Tris- HCI solution and so on, assay of red blood cell glycolysis without oxygen condition and account of glycolysis rate.

RESULTS
Human red blood cells stored at 4 degrees C for 75 d, in SOD solution, the glycolysis rate is 86.2% +/- 5.0%, distinctly better than GMA solution (39.2% +/- 8.9%).

CONCLUSION
The methods of assaying glycolysis without oxygen condition not use Habea's apparatus. The operation is convenient and simple and its determinations can be performed in ordinary laboratory and is is accurate.


Many studies have been done on the inquiline community existing within the carnivorous plant Sarracenia purpurea. Organisms within the community compose a model food web and break down insects trapped by the plant. This process releases nitrogen, carbon dioxide, and other nutrients which are absorbed by the plant. The intent of this study was survey inquiline communities at various spatial scales, and based on this survey, to identify any random, regular, or gradient of species distribution over a delineated area. Species richness was predicted to be the same among pitcher plant communities in a given bog. A nested sampling survey of Cranberry Bog on the UNDERC property was conducted to test this prediction. ANOVA and Tukey tests showed that protozoa abundance was not significantly different between the five sites. However, significant differences in protozoa species richness did exist between the five sites (p<0.05). Local comparison found that plants within a site did not significantly differ in species richness (p>0.05). Similar protozoa abundance is expected if protozoa are dispersed in the same manner. Differences in inquiline diversity between pitchers can possibly be attributed to differential predation, competition, or resource abundance. Further testing is needed to explain the spatial distribution of the inquiline species identified.


The study focused on the environmental risk evaluation of heavy metals in road runoff as non-point source in Ehimiri housing Estate Umuahia. Absorption Atomic Spectrophotometer was used for the analysis. The major streets selected include Sam Onyeozari street (ERSP1), Ukpai A.Ukpai street (ERSP2), Dick Uduma stree (ERSP3), Justice Atuma Street (ERSP4), Ibe Nwachukwu (ERSP5), Mazi Uwakaeme (ERSP6), and Nwogu street (ERSP7) respectively. A total of twenty one runoff samples, three each from the seven selected roads were collected across three months (May-August, 2014), and analyzed using standard methods. Results shown that heavy metal concentrations originating from the non-point source (NPS) in the selected routes were in the following ranges: Cd(0.01 – 0.02 μg/l-1), Cu (10.00-45.00 μg/l-1), Cr(0.05-4.01 μg/l-1), Zn(5.00 – 50.00 μg/l1), and Pb(1.64 – 29.01 μg/l-1), which further explained that concentrations were higher in the months of April and May in Aba road and reduced in other routes. An increased in heavy metals were observed during the month of July than the month of May. Statistically, mean variations were observed among heavy metals from road runoff that ranged between: Cd 0.07 μg/l-1, Cr 3.10 μg/l-1, Cu 22.70 μg/l-1, Pb 36.70 μg/l-1 and Zn 51. 40 μg/l1in order of Zn >Pb>Cu> Cr>Cd respectively. The results also indicated that Cd, Cu, Cr, Zn and Pb concentrations in road runoff sampled were above the NESREA and WHO standards for potable water during the month of April being first flush, May being the after first flush and July that proceeds August break that affects man and his environment.


AFTER RECALLING THE MOVEMENT OF THE POPULATION TOWARDS URBAN CENTRES, THE AUTHOR PRESENTS URBAN PLANNING AND LEGISLATION. THE LATTER WENT THROUGH 3 PHASES IN SPAIN; (1) INTERNAL REFORM OF POPULATION CENTRES; (2) WIDENING AND EXTENSION; (3) PLANNING OF THE TOWN AND ITS LAND. THE TECHNICAL, ECONOMIC AND LEGAL ASPECTS OF MODERN TOWN PLANNING ARE EXAMINED. A RELATION IS ESTABLISHED BETWEEN TOWN PLANNING AND LEGISLATION THROUGH THE ASSIMILATION OF A SOCIAL CRITERION TO A LEGAL REASON. THE PRINCIPLES GOVERNING THE LEGISLATION ON LAND USE ARE MENTIONED TOGETHER WITH SOME MODIFICATION TO EXISTING LAWS. FOR THE COVERING ABSTRACT, SEE IRRD ABSTRACT NO 106086.


Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging is a valuable non-invasive tool for identifying cardiovascular diseases. For instance, Cine MRI is the benchmark modality for assessing the cardiac function and anatomy. On the other hand, multi-contrast (T1 and T2) mapping has the potential to assess pathologies and abnormalities in the myocardium and interstitium. However, voluntary breath-holding and often arrhythmia, in combination with MRI's slow imaging speed, can lead to motion artifacts, hindering real-time acquisition image quality. Although performing accelerated acquisitions can facilitate dynamic imaging, it induces aliasing, causing low reconstructed image quality in Cine MRI and inaccurate T1 and T2 mapping estimation. In this work, inspired by related work in accelerated MRI reconstruction, we present a deep learning (DL)-based method for accelerated cine and multi-contrast reconstruction in the context of dynamic cardiac imaging. We formulate the reconstruction problem as a least squares regularized optimization task, and employ vSHARP, a state-of-the-art DL-based inverse problem solver, which incorporates half-quadratic variable splitting and the alternating direction method of multipliers with neural networks. We treat the problem in two setups; a 2D reconstruction and a 2D dynamic reconstruction task, and employ 2D and 3D deep learning networks, respectively. Our method optimizes in both the image and k-space domains, allowing for high reconstruction fidelity. Although the target data is undersampled with a Cartesian equispaced scheme, we train our model using both Cartesian and simulated non-Cartesian undersampling schemes to enhance generalization of the model to unseen data. Furthermore, our model adopts a deep neural network to learn and refine the sensitivity maps of multi-coil k-space data. Lastly, our method is jointly trained on both, undersampled cine and multi-contrast data.


Lean NOx Trap (LNT) catalysts can effectively reduce NOx from lean engine exhaust. Significant research for LNTs in diesel engine applications has been performed and has led to commercialization of the technology. For lean gasoline engine applications, advanced direct injection engines have led to a renewed interest in the potential for lean gasoline vehicles and, thereby, a renewed demand for lean NOx control. To understand the gasoline-based reductant chemistry during regeneration, a BMW lean gasoline vehicle has been studied on a chassis dynamometer. Exhaust samples were collected and analyzed for key reductant species such as H2, CO, NH3, and hydrocarbons during transient drive cycles. The relation of the reductant species to LNT performance will be discussed. Furthermore, the challenges of NOx storage in the lean gasoline application are reviewed. INTRODUCTION Engines that operate at lean air-to-fuel ratios ("lean engines") offer the potential to reduce fuel consumption and, thereby, lower greenhouse gas emissions.[1] A difficult problem to address when commercializing vehicles with lean engines is the control of oxides of nitrogen (NOx) emissions. For stoichiometric combustion, the three-way catalyst technology commonly found on gasoline-engine vehicles controls emissions of NOx as well as carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrocarbon (HC) emissions; however, the three-way function is only effective in the low-oxygen exhaust conditions associated with stoichiometric combustion. Lean combustion results in oxygen-rich exhaust where the reduction of NOx is difficult. Recently, diesel engine vehicles have been commercialized for the U.S. market that meet NOx emissions regulations by employing catalysts for lean NOx control.[2] Two catalytic approaches have been used: ureabased selective catalytic reduction (urea-SCR) and lean NOx trap (LNT) catalysts. The urea-SCR approach requires the on-board storage of urea which is introduced into the exhaust upstream of the SCR catalyst, converted to NH3 via hydrolysis reactions, and interacts with NOx on the SCR catalyst. In contrast, the LNT technology utilizes fuel from the vehicle and advanced engine controls to enable periodic operation of the engine at rich air-to-fuel ratios which produces oxygen-depleted exhaust suitable for reducing NOx stored on the LNT catalyst surface. Both technical approaches have been proven effective in controlling NOx from diesel engines. Despite the commercialization of diesel vehicles in the U.S. with lean NOx control, the U.S. passenger market is dominated by gasoline-engine vehicles. Gasoline engines can be operated lean, and direct injection gasoline engines show promise for significant fuel economy gains from lean operation. However, gasoline engines do Page 2 of 9 not typically operate as lean as diesel engines, and portions of the load and speed map would likely be handled with stoichiometric operation. Thus, NOx control for lean gasoline engines would be required for both lean and stoichiometric conditions. The ability to operate gasoline engines with a wide range of air-to-fuel ratios offers advantages for the LNT catalyst approach for controlling NOx emissions since LNTs require rich air-to-fuel operation for reducing the NOx stored during lean operation. In this study, a lean gasoline engine in a BMW vehicle has been studied on a chassis dynamometer to evaluate the exhaust conditions during lean and rich airto-fuel operation to better understand the chemistry of lean gasoline engine exhaust as related to the LNT technology. EXPERIMENTAL METHODS Experiments were conducted on a MY2008 BMW 1-series 120i lean gasoline engine vehicle. The engine was a model N43B20 2.0-liter, 4-cylinder engine with direct injection. The vehicle was operated on a chassis dynamometer with ultra-low sulfur certification gasoline fuel. The vehicle had previously accumulated sufficient mileage during use to degreen the catalysts. The vehicle's exhaust system is composed of two three-way catalysts (TWCs) which were located in two exhaust manifolds (one for each pair of cylinders: 1-4 and 2-3) close coupled to the engine. Downstream of the merge point for the two exhaust manifolds, the LNT was located in an underfloor position. The muffler was located downstream of the LNT, and the tailpipe was connected to the dilution system of the chassis dynamometer emissions measurement system. Several transient drive cycles were driven with the vehicle; the drive cycles included: US Federal Test Procedure-75 (FTP), US06 Supplemental Federal Test Procedure (US06), and Highway Fuel Economy Test (HFET). In addition to the transient drive cycle operation, the vehicle was operated at various speed and load conditions at near steady-state conditions for the purpose of collecting emissions data. During the steady-state operation, the vehicle speed remained constant and the vehicle load was changed in a stepwise fashion. Emissions from the engine and the subsequent catalytic-induced emissions changes were measured with a variety of analytical techniques. Two sets of emission analyzers were used to measure engine out emissions upstream of the TWCs from exhaust pulled from each manifold. The emission analyzers included: heated chemiluminescence for NOx (California Analytical Instruments Model 400), non-dispersive infrared for CO and CO2 and paramagnetic for O2 (all three gases covered by California Analytical Instruments Model 300) on chilled exhaust, and heated flame ionization detector for hydrocarbons (California Analytical Instruments Model HFID). Another set of the same instruments (with different scale ranges) were used to characterize tailpipe emissions diluted by the dilution tunnel. Detailed measurements relative to the LNT regeneration were made with a FTIR (MKS Multi Gas 2030HS) and a capillary-based magnetic-sector mass spectrometry technique called SpaciMS.[3] The FTIR and SpaciMS measurements were primarily made in exhaust downstream of the TWCs and upstream of the LNT; however, some measurements were also made at engine out and tailpipe positions. The FTIR allowed measurement of NO, NO2, NH3, N2O, CO, CO2, and hydrocarbons. To complement the FTIR data, the SpaciMS was configured to measure H2 and O2. In addition to the exhaust analyzers, thermocouples and universal exhaust gas oxygen (UEGO) sensors were mounted at various positions in the exhaust as well. The average of the two UEGO sensors mounted in the engine out positions of both exhaust manifolds served as the master timing signal for aligning the data from the analyzers. Since various analyzers have different delay times in exhaust transfer and measurement, a common signal was needed to time align measurements of exhaust species from different analyzers. The UEGO air-to-fuel signal was converted to exhaust concentrations for O2,


A new type of microsphere resonators is designed to improve the quality factor (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$Q$ </tex-math></inline-formula> factor) of the whispering-gallery mode (WGM). The neck-down microsphere was fabricated by tapering and discharging to a single-mode fiber using a commercial fusion splicer. The diameter of the microsphere ranges from 250 <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu $ </tex-math></inline-formula> m to 330 <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu $ </tex-math></inline-formula> m, and the stem is from 50 <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu $ </tex-math></inline-formula> m to 100 <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu $ </tex-math></inline-formula> m. In addition, the concept of the sphere-to-stem ratio (STSR, the diameter ratio of the sphere to the stem) to evaluate the quality of the resonator is proposed for the first time to our knowledge. The STSR could be adjusted by changing the diameter of the taper waist and the length of the tapered tip. The experimental results show a trend that the larger the sphere-to-stem ratio is, the higher the <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$Q$ </tex-math></inline-formula> factor is. Using the same interrogating system, we demonstrate that the <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$Q$ </tex-math></inline-formula> factor of the WGM with a neck-down sphere resonator could reach <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$1.07\times 10 ^{7}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, which is 1~2 orders of magnitude higher than that of a normal sphere with a similar size. This method represents a simple and low-cost approach to efficiently increase the <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$Q$ </tex-math></inline-formula> factor.


Parthenium hysterophorus L. is a serious weed in India, covering about 5 million ha of land. Zygogramma bicolorata Pallister the leaf beetle, Mexican was considered a safe biocontrol agent. It causes extensive damage to Parthenium plants. Its occurrences & distribution was studied in villages from Rahuri Taluka in Ahmednagar District of Maharashtra State, India. It is mainly influenced by Agricultural practices performed by Mahatma Phule Agricultural University hence it will be interesting to study the occurrence and distribution of Zygogramma on Parthenium . The adult beetles were collected during the months of June to December 2012-13. It is found to be a promising, safe biocontrol agent. Its distribution among farmers can help to control the weed. Total number of insects (Mexican beetle) collected from 15 groups / localities from Rahuri taluka (Zygogramma was collected from about 64 villages out of 80) is 4979 from June 2012 to December 2012. And it was 4915 for the year 2013. The average of the two years was 4947. The highest collection and occurrence was observed in village Kondawad. It was found to be 734 insects. Maximum collection / occurrence of insects observed were 418 and 353 in the Month of October in villages Kendal and Kondwad, respectively. Insects were not observed from January onwards as they go in to hibernation in winter season. The data on preference of food by Z. bicolorata on crop plants along with carrot weed indicate that the adults moved within about 3-15 minutes from crop plants to Parthenium hysterophorus , indicating that they are not polyphagus except sunflower. Its life cycle and morphology was studied. Duration of different life stages recorded. Foraging activity on Parthenium by Apis florae and Apis indica observed .


A green supply chain is used to consider the environmental effects of all products, including environmental influences originating from goods/products and the product manufacturing process from raw materials to finished products. This study aims to perform a bibliometric analysis on the green supply chain topic by combining mapping analysis using VOSviewer software. In collecting the data, we used a quantitative bibliometric approach. Meanwhile, a descriptive method is used to obtain the results from the data collected. The data were retrieved from a Google Scholar search. We found 996 articles published in the 2012–2022 period from the search results. The results show that research on the green supply chain topic in 2012-2016 has not been widely carried out, and there has been an increase in 2017-2020. However, research on the green supply chain topic declined in 2021-2022. In conclusion, this study shows the importance of conducting bibliometric analysis, particularly on the green supply chain topic. This research is expected to be a reference for further research in conducting and determining the research theme.


I show that firms use credit lines to fund investment opportunities that are created by R&D success. Using patent filings as a proxy for R&D success, I find an increase in capital expenditures following R&D success, supporting the proposition that R&D success creates investment opportunities. In addition, credit-line drawdowns increase following patent filings. Consistent with the proposition that firms draw down credit lines to fund investment opportunities created by R&D success, credit-line drawdowns following patent filings are more pronounced in firms that operate in industries characterized by heavy external financing dependence and high levels of capital expenditures. Furthermore, patent filings do not coincide with increases in other expenditures that are known to be funded with credit lines. The results cannot be explained by credit-supply effects or time-varying state-level omitted variables. Lastly, there is no significant association between capital expenditures and credit-line drawdowns; only capital expenditures that are instrumented with patent filings are associated with credit-line drawdowns. These results support Lins, Servaes, and Tufano's (2010) survey findings that firms use credit lines to fund future investment opportunities that are available in good times. <br>


A probabilistic model is proposed to assess the value of replications. The corroboration of a theory is shown to be a function of the number of replications, the number of successful outcomes, and our initial beliefs. An adaptive control model provides the optimal policy for continuing replications, given the accumulated evidence for the theory, the precision deemed necessary, and the cost of replicating. Copyright 1994 by the University of Chicago.


The invention relates to insecticide-impregnated nets made of textile fibers, which nets have a small mesh size, and their use for the protection against pests.


Previous studies have evaluated motor and extramotor cerebral cortical regions in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) using 1H MRS, but none have evaluated the thalamus or basal ganglia. The objective of this exploratory study was to evaluate the subclinical involvement of the basal ganglia and thalamus in patients with ALS using 1H MRS. Fourteen patients (52 ± 7 years) with sporadic definite ALS and 17 age‐matched controls were studied using volumetric MRSI on a 3‐T scanner. The concentration of the metabolites N‐acetylaspartate (NAA), choline (Cho) and their ratio (NAA/Cho) were obtained bilaterally from the basal ganglia (lentiform nucleus, caudate) and thalamus. The maximum rates of finger and foot tap and lip and tongue movements were obtained to assess extrapyramidal and pyramidal tract function. In patients with ALS, relative to controls, the NAA concentration was significantly lower (p < 0.02) in the basal ganglia and thalamus, and the Cho concentration was higher (p < 0.01) in these structures, except in the caudate (p = 0.04). Correspondingly, the NAA/Cho ratio was significantly lower (p < 0.01) in these structures, except in the caudate (p = 0.03), in patients than in controls. There were mild to strong correlations (r = 0.4–0.7) between the metabolites of the basal ganglia and finger tap, foot tap and lip and tongue movement rates. In conclusion, decreased NAA in the basal ganglia and thalamus and increased Cho and decreased NAA/Cho in the lentiform nucleus and thalamus are indicative of neuronal loss or dysfunction and alterations in choline‐containing membranes in these structures. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Roll-drawing of full sections is an alternate process for wire drawing through a closed die, as it conserves less hard tool materials. It therefore enhances the resource efficiency of thin wire production. As the tools are rotating, the relative velocity is lower and friction is reduced. Apart from this, there is only little knowledge about the process mechanics inside the deformation region. According to the relative motion mentioned above, a neutral point should exist within the deformation region, but this hypothesis is unconfirmed until today. In the present work, a combination of an improved empirical model for the lateral spread in roll-drawing and a mechanical model for roll drawing based on the slab method is proposed. The mechanical model deviates from the well-known rolling theory by the fact that a zero deformation torque should exist on the rolls, it predicts the neutral angle, the forward-slip, the external drawing force and the roll separating force. The hypothesis of existence of a neutral point in the deformation region is supported by experimental measurements of the nonzero forward slip in the roll-drawing process. Measurement is done on copper wire, where 200 passes with initial round section sizes ranging from 2 mm to 1.3 mm with an increment of 0.1 mm are evaluated.


Background: The molecular mechanisms involved in IL-23 up-regulation by PGE2 are not elucidated. Results: PGE2 induces IL-23p19 through the EP4 cAMP-PKA/EPAC-CREB/C/EBPβ signaling pathway. Conclusion: PGE2 synergizes with TLR ligands and with proinflammatory cytokines such as TNFα to up-regulate Il23a gene expression. Significance: Understanding is gained of one of the major functions of PGE2 leading to activation of pathogenic Th17 cells. We reported previously that prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) up-regulates IL-23 in vitro in bone marrow-derived dendritic cells and in vivo in models of collagen-induced arthritis and inflammatory bowel disease, leading to preferential Th17 development and activity. There is very little information on the molecular mechanisms involved in the PGE2-induced up-regulation of Il23a gene expression. In this study we investigated the signaling pathways and transcription factors involved in the stimulatory effect of PGE2. Although PGE2 does not induce IL-23p19 expression by itself, it synergizes with both extra- and intracellular Toll-like receptor ligands and with inflammatory cytokines such as TNFα. We established that the effect of PGE2 in conjunction with either LPS or TNFα is mediated through the EP4 receptor and the cAMP-dependent activation of both protein kinase A (PKA) and exchange protein activated by cAMP (EPAC). Using the EP4 agonist PGE1OH in conjunction with TNFα, we found that PKA-induced phosphorylation of cAMP-response element-binding protein (PCREB) and EPAC-induced phosphorylation of C/AATT enhancer-binding protein β (PC/EBPβ) mediate the stimulatory effect of PGE2 on IL-23p19 expression. This is the first report of CREB and C/EBPβ involvement in Il23a promoter activation. Mutation within the putative CREB and C/EBP sites combined with in vivo DNA binding (ChIP) assays identified the distal CREB site (−1125) and the two proximal C/EBP sites (−274 and −232) as essential for PKA-activated CREB and EPAC-activated C/EBPβ-induced IL-23p19 expression.


Tea (Camellia sp) is one of the most economically important plantation crops and the second-largest non-alcoholic beverage in the world next to water being consumed by people in different forms. It is cultivated mainly in Assam, West Bengal covering the regions such as Darjeeling, Dooars, Terai, and Southern India in about 6.36 lakh hectares with a production of about 1338 million Kg made teas. Darjeeling tea is world-famous for its specific aroma and flavor whereas Assam is known for premier CTC teas. Among various challenges encounter on its bountiful production and desired quality, the occurrence of numerous diseases is one of the major factors. Different fungal and one algal genus are considered as the major phytopathogens to cause leaf, stem, and root diseases. Blight (blister, grey and brown), dieback, charcoal stem rot, root rot (brown, violet) and black rot are the major threat to tea sustainability. These diseases can be managed through the timely adoption of good agricultural practices (GAP). For the past couple of decades, owing to the increased awareness about the adverse effects of synthetic fungicides usage, people have been looking for ideal alternative strategies to take care of tea diseases in India under the organic production system. Microbes such as genus Trichoderma, Bacillus, Pseudomonas, Actinomycetes etc. are capable of providing a protective umbrella to this crop against different diseases. This review article highlights the possible uses of different microorganisms in managing the diseases and it covers almost till date development in this field.


In the current Internet age, there is a need for a set of good tools for copy detection purposes, as well as enhanced navigation, indexing and searching. We tackle this problem using an ordinal method. This paper presents an extension to our earlier work on an algorithm for generating a video signature based on an ordinal measure. We have achieved precision and recall of 0.935 and 0.966 respectively on our dataset, using a block size of 5 and a threshold of 0.004. This represents an increase in the discriminatory power of our algorithm.


The largest number of people engaged in sports in Germany play football. There were about 1.5 million sports injuries annually in the previous Federal Republic of Germany. Steinbrück (5) reported that the highest number was found in football players, in whom the injuries of the legs are most frequent. Head and vascular injuries are unusual and seldom in football players. We report on the case of a patient who received an elbow blow from his opponent. He developed a stroke with hemiparesis because of a traumatic dissection of the A. carotis interna.


Introduction: The authors describe the main histopathological findings in a serious case of schistosomiasis. Methods: the study was based on the histological analysis of fragments from organs of a 26-year-old patient. Results: the necropsy revealed the association of forms: hepatosplenic, cardiovascular, and chronic miliary with eggs found in the glomerulus afferent arteriole and the rare association of locations in the myocardium, kidney, and pancreas.


The philosophy of existentialism, is a philosophy with the main thought being "existence precedes the essence" that man exists first, then in life he gives meaning or essence to his life by focusing on individual experiences. Existentialism gives individuals a way of thinking about life, what it means to me, what is true for me. Existentialist epistemology assumes that individuals are responsible for their own knowledge. The main source of knowledge is personal experience. An idealist teacher according to existentialists is a teacher who provides an open dialogue space for students to find their meaning. Students get broad opportunities to learn something that interests them, so they can find their identity. Appropriate learning methods according to existentialists are dialogue, role playing, and other methods that give freedom for students to explore meaning in themselves. Because the main task of education is to stimulate every human being to be aware of the responsibility to create meaning and definition of himself.


ABSTRACT The existing empirical studies concerning labour market rigidity associated with the labour laws in India suggest an adverse impact of rigidity on total factor productivity (TFP). In this paper, we improve upon both the measurement of spatiotemporal variation in labour market flexibility and plant-level TFP from production function estimates in the presence of institutional rigidity in labour inputs adjustment due to job security legislation based on the recent advancement in the literature. We use an unbalanced panel of manufacturing plants from the Annual Survey of Industries panel data from 1999–2000 to 2016–17 to analyse the relationship between labour market rigidity/flexibility and TFP. We find that establishments that fall under the purview of job security legislation have higher productivity than those outside the ambit of job security legislation. The results suggest that rigidity associated with job security provisions does not harm TFP, and higher flexibility is negatively associated with TFP. However, we find considerable heterogeneity in the flexibility–TFP relationship across various industry groups. The heterogeneity in the flexibility–TFP relationship suggests that flexibility-inducing labour policy may improve TFP in some industries and, at the same time, decrease it in others.


Diabetic retinopathy is the most common cause of legal blindness in persons between the ages of 20 and 65 years. In this 56-year-old man with a 20-year history of type 2 diabetes, multiple, scattered intraretinal (dot-blot) hemorrhages and superficial nerve fiber layer (splinter) hemorrhages can be seen. An occasional Roth spot—an intraretinal hemorrhage with a white center that represents a fibrin thrombus which occludes a ruptured blood vessel—is also evident. Numerous yellow, waxy, hard exudates are seen between the inner plexiform and inner nuclear layers of the retina. Cotton-wool spots are also present, although no neovascularization is present.


im Tavrr]<rl KaO^jrai T^S ire'rpas (6 A^juos), K€\rjvev taairep ifinoBtl^iov ia^aSas, 'but when once he takes his seat upon this rock, he gapes as though hindering figs.' In attempting to explain this, some of the critics have forgotten that icrxaSes were dried figs (IO-̂ VO'S), and no more grew upon a tree than raisins did. Another fact, which none of the critics has remembered, is that figs themselves, when they are full-ripe, burst and gape; and the technical word for this was K£x»?vcVat (Marc. Anton, iii. 2, Nicephorus Walz Rhet. i 523, schol. Aesch. Agam. 497, Hesych. xe^dvLa (TVKCL). Evideutly nothing could be more natural to say than ' gapes like a burst Jig,' O-VKOV K^xqvos : and Aristophanes has used the comparison in a metaphor before, v. 259 xdiroo-DKa'^is irUiptv TOVS


Trematode infections are considered to be a non public health problem in Indonesia, with the exception of the two species namely Schistosoma japonicum and Fasciolopsis buski which are still assumed to be the most important trematodes of Indonesia. Other trematode infections reported occasionally were caused by: Echinostoma spp, Haplorchis yokogawai, Haplorchis taichui, Paralecithodendrium molenkampi, Phaneropsolus bonnei and Plachiorchis javensis. Schistosoma japonicum infection has been known to be endemic among the inhabitants of Lake Lindu since 1937. Surveys carried out since that time revealed prevalence rates which varied from 8-55%. Further studies proved that the species at Lindu were similar to the species found in Asia. Resurvey initiated in 1971 gave almost a similar prevalence rate followed by the discovery of the molluscan intermediate host namely Oncomelania hupensis lindoensis. In 1972 a new focus of schistosomiasis was discovered at Napu Valley. Other survey did not reveal any other endemic foci. The result of a biological study carried out since 1976 reconfirmed the diagnosis of the species. Clinical study showed that the significant signs and symptoms of schistosomiasis found among the Lindu inhabitants were : dermatitis, diarrhea, dysentry, abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting, loss of appetite, weakness, distention of the abdomen, melaena. hepatomegaly and splenomegaly. Control of schistosomiasis was initiated in 1981, using praziquantel for mass treatment. Twelve cycles of treatment at Lake Lindu area and 10 cycles at Napu Valley resulted in a reduction of overall prevalence rate from 15,80 % at Lindu area in 1981 to 1,14 % in 1987 whereas in Napu Valley the reduction was from 35,8 % in 1982 to 1,00 % in 1987. Fasciolopsis buski infection was first reported in 1982 from the Regency of Babirik, Hulu Sungai Utara in South Kalimantan Province. The following survey in that area in 1986 revealed a prevalence rate of 27,0 %. Clinical examination showed that some of the complaints were : diarrhea, poor appetite, mild abdominal colic or burning sensation, vomiting and fever. Physical examination revealed emaciation, anemia, distented abdomen, ascites, and jaundice. Another survey in four other adjacent villages showed prevalence rates that varied from 0,00% - 68,3%. The epidemiological survey carried out recendy did not reveal the intermediate hosts except only two metacercariae which could not be identified.


In reproductive medicine, safety testing does not occur systematically prior to clinical implementation of a novel technique, even though a new technique could harbor risks for both the patient as well as the children conceived through this technique. The main goal of this thesis was to study safety aspects of medically assisted reproduction (MAR), including in vitro fertilization (IVF) that is commonly used in the clinic, and the novel spermatogonial stem cell autotransplantation (SSCT) technique that has not been implemented yet in the clinic. In the final chapter, we provide our opinion on how preclinical safety testing should be performed for new reproductive techniques.


Abstract : The dependence on galactic latitude of the 11 and 20 cm polarization of 355 extragalactic sources reveals no definite evidence of depolarization within the Galaxy. The distribution of Faraday rotation can be explained in terms of a field along the local spiral arm, deformed by magnetic 'loops' in the solar neighbourhood. (Author)


Due to the importance of water resources in arid and semi-arid areas and also environmental challenges caused by discharging of wastewater of municipal and agricultural activities, interests in the reuse of unusual water resources like drainage water is increasing. The objective of this study was investigating Sesame (Sesamum Indicum L.) response, irrigated by blending drainage water (DW) with river water (RW) in a warm and arid condition in south of Iran. A field study was conducted in commercial farms of Zeydun County, Khouzestan, Iran. Two sesame cultivars (Local and Line 6) were evaluated to compare grain yield, its components and biological production when irrigated with four salinity levels (blending ratios) (100%RW (EC w =2ds/m), 50% RW+50%DW (EC w =2.8 ds/m), 25%RW+75%DW (EC w =4.13 ds/m), 100%DW (EC w =5 ds/m)). Results showed that among yield components only number of capsule per plant reduces significantly as salinity increased. Sesame Line 6 produced higher grain yield in comparison with Local under all salinity treatments with a maximum of 1500 kg/ha when irrigated with RW. Yet, relative yield of sesame Local was higher than Line 6, indicating higher salt tolerance in Local cultivar. Although all salinity levels had negative effect on sesame production, by accepting only 3-6 percent reduction in grain yield under blending ratio 50%RW+50%DW drainage water could effectively be reused for sesame production. Moreover, damaging environmental impacts of drainage water discharging could be diminished. (Aghajari, S., Boroomand-Nasab, S., Sakinejad T., Behmanesh M., and Motamedi, B. Sesame (Sesamum Indicum L.) Performance Under Different Salinity Levels of Water. Researcher 2014;6(6):21-26). (ISSN: 1553-9865). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher . 6


The 6-inch ANSI Class 600 Fabri-Valve Knife Gate Valve (METC SOA Test Valve No. A-11) accumulated 313 cycles in the Valve Static Test Unit (VSTU) and 684 cycles in the Valve Dynamic Test Unit (VDTU). Following modifications, METC SOA Test Valve No. A-11R accumulated 1699 cycles in the VSTU and 1392 cycles in the VDTU. The test valve satisfactorily completed all static test runs conducted at 70/sup 0/F (ambient), 300/sup 0/F, and 600/sup 0/F. During the initial dynamic tests using limestone as the test medium, internal leakage rates exceeded the maximum allowable rate. Excessive leakage occurred due to solids accumulation in the seat area, preventing proper closure. Following the addition of the seat purge system, this problem was eliminated. However, subsequent testing in the VDTU revealed excessive leakage rates once again. The problem appeared to have been caused by improper alignment of the gate and seat. With appropriate modifications, the Fabri-Valve Knife Gate Valve could have potential for use in solids-discharge lockhopper service.


Background: Subjective experiences perceived to impact on employment and self-efficacy for core activities required in psychiatric vocational rehabilitation, were identified as alternative sources to diagnostic information, potentially more suitable for routine use in psychiatric vocational rehabilitation. Aims: The main aim was to investigate the hypothesis that the relationship between work-related subjective experiences and vocational status is mediated by work-related self-efficacy, after controlling for the influences of other known demographic and clinical correlates of vocational status. Methods: A measure of subjective experiences perceived to impact on employment was developed in two pilot studies. This, and a second measure of work-related self-efficacy, were then used in a 12 month longitudinal investigation. The work-related self-efficacy construct consisted of self-efficacy for the core activities required throughout vocational rehabilitation. A measure of vocational status and socially-valued role functioning was also developed as a sensitive outcome variable. Baseline measures (n1 = 104) were repeated at 6 months (n2 = 94) and 12 months (n3 = 94). Results: All three measures had adequate preliminary psychometric properties and promising utility. Work-related subjective experiences and work-related self-efficacy were consistently associated with both current employment and vocational status after controlling for known correlates of vocational status. Work-related self-efficacy appeared to mediate the relationship between work-related subjective experiences and vocational status. Conclusions: Work-related subjective experiences and work-related self-efficacy have promising practical and theoretical implications for psychiatric vocational rehabilitation. Classifying socially-valued role functioning in vocational rehabilitation and community mental health care settings appears to help individuals set role priorities and personal role recovery goals, and can be used to monitor the progress of individuals or groups either within single role domains or across multiple socially-valued roles.


Self-assembled growth of Ge quantum dots on the Si(111)-(7 x 7) surface has been investigated by using scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). It is found that the deposited submonolayer Ge can aggregate and form ordered Ge quantum dots on the surface through controlling the post - growth annealing temperature. The formation of ordered Ge quantum dots is due to the preferential adsorption sites of Ge on Si(111)-(7 x 7).


Several literatures have already pointed to the effects of bullying to the learners' journey in educational institution.  Acts of bullying have even evolved from the actual or physical acts to virtual acts brought by the ever increasing ICT saturation around the world.  The study explored the prevalence of bullying in SUCs by looking into the profile, the personal interpretation of bullying, the prevalence of bullying in the classroom, the effects of bullying, and the awareness on policies of bullying among tertiary students.
Using cross-sectional survey method with a questionnaire as the main instrument, 95 respondents were tapped. For the findings, majority of the respondents were females aged 18 – 24 years old, Varied definitions of bullying were presented indicating that these acts are done in multiple and in combination of ways by the perpetrators.  The most dominant effects of bullying were low self-esteem, depression, shyness, perceived negative school climate and wanting to be left alone.  These effects somehow diminished the motivation or desire of the learner to further seeking knowledge in school. Furthermore, learners expressed their frustration and interest in reaching their dreams and aspirations. One of the academic heads of the institution expressed during the interview that while there are existing policies in the institution against bullying, reporting cases of bullying is often problematic. This implies that responsible office could not immediately act on it unless victims come forward. Some said that bullying is part of the growing process and taking it seriously is a sign of immaturity thus it should not be considered as big deal. With respect of the EQ of the victims and non – victims there were significant differences in Self awareness, self motivation and empathy and no significant differences on managing emotions and social skills implying the victims are effective in keeping it among themselves. In conclusion, bullying is prevalent in SUCs and it is the method of reporting of cases that causes a seemingly lack of action on the part of the authorities.  It is therefore recommended that inclusion of reporting mechanism and vigorous campaign against bullying must be included in the school academic manual. Furthermore, everyone in the institution should work hand in hand to halt this hidden epidemic.


The Si/SiGe materials system offers the prospect of excellent integration between CMOS technology and optoelectronics, employing well-established fabrication technology at low cost. Whilst the indirect bandgap means that interband lasing is challenging, stimulated emission from intersubband transitions offers a route to long wavelength Si based lasers. In bulk silicon, the conduction band minima are located in six degenerate valleys near the Brillouin zone edge in the directions. In a two-dimensional system however, uniaxial strain effects split the degeneracy of the valleys into two sets — two z valleys perpendicular to the heterostructure interfaces and four xy valleys in the growth plane. Atomistic simulation methods have shown that the two degenerate valley sets are sufficiently separated from each other to be considered independently within an effective mass approximation (EMA) model. Electrons emanating transversely from each of the xy valleys contribute identically to the z-varying component of the wavefunction, resulting in four degenerate states. In the case of the z valleys however, the electrons have different wavevector components in the z-direction. Quantum confinement yields interference between these basis functions and two distinct solutions to Schr¨odinger's equation exist at separate energies, i.e. the degeneracy of z states is split. The effect has been observed experimentally in Schubnikov-de Haas oscillations in high magnetic fields.[1] It is therefore important to consider the mixing effect between the z valleys when determining states in a quantum confined system. Whilst atomistic simulation methods such as the tightbinding approximation implicitly take intervalley mixing into account,[2] the computation is considerably slower than the effective mass approximation — particularly in the case of large complicated structures such as a quantum cascade laser (QCL). A Double Valley Effective Mass Approximation (DVEMA) is therefore desirable as it offers the rapid computation of the EMA whilst including intervalley mixing effects explicitly. Such a model was derived for a square quantum well by Ting and Chang.[3] The energy splitting in the lowest states is shown to be a decaying oscillatory function of well width. The present work details the expansion of the DVEMA model to a general symmetric envelope potential. In SiGe molecular beam epitaxy (MBE), interdiffusion of Ge between heterolayers prevents abrupt interfaces from existing in the envelope potential. By considering a number of structures with more realistic interfaces than previous studies, the surface segregation effect is shown to reduce valley splitting slightly. Although the DVEMA applies only to symmetric structures, the present studies show that the model often remains reliable for slightly asymmetric structures. Using the DVEMA model, the effect of valley splitting upon realistic Si/SiGe intersubband optical devices has been investigated. The optical matrix elements for valley split intersubband transitions are shown to be almost identical, whilst their energies may differ by up to 10 meV. The emission spectrum is therefore expected to exhibit transition doublets when the valley splitting becomes large. It is shown that through careful design, the valley splitting may be minimized; although there is scope for exploiting intervalley scattering effects to achieve population inversion in an intersubband laser.


The operation of presence mode full-actuated signal control at individual intersections is governed primarily by the choice of detector length and the timing settings of vehicle interval and maximum green. The relationships between these control variables and the control efficiency vary with the flow pattern at an intersection. Based on the results of computer simulations, the optimal combinations of detector length, vehicle interval, and maximum green are identified for a wide range of flow conditions. The analyses performed in this study concern only intersections where vehicle approach speeds are less than 35 mph.


Interactions between fluorephores and surface plasmon was investigated by a custom-built fluorescence lifetime system. Gold nanoparticle with double-stranded DNA on the surface was utilized to exactly control the distance between fluorephores and the nanoparticle. We calculated surface plasmon-induced changes in the radiative decay rate constant and the quenching rate constant. The results revealed that the distance between the fluorephore and the nanoparticle strongly affected the radiative decay rate and the quenching rate. With an increase in the distance, the radiative decay rate decreased while the quenching rate increased. This suggests that the distance between fluorephores and surface plasmon plays an important role in fluorescence lifetime modification. The results also indicated that the fluorescence lifetime of the fluorephores can be significantly modified by surface plasmon resonance. This indicates that surface plasmon resonance can be used as a tool to control the fluorescence lifetime of fluorephores for sensing applications.


Several studies have reported that night-work tolerance in evening types was higher than that in morning types. 1-3 Recently, Moog concluded that the evening types were able to adjust their circadian system to a slowly rotating shift (speed: 8 h/ 7 days) and 25-h sliding shift (speed: 1 h / d a ~ ) . ~ Since, however, the sliding shift condition was only given to the evening types, the results of two other types (morning and indifferent) were not reported. In the present study, we investigated the changes of rectal temperature and wrist activity during the 25-h sliding shift without considering the chronotypes (morning and evening types).


The invention relates to a device which is used to guide at least two flow media having different pressures with a shaft or similar force-transmitting element (10), and a pressure insulating element such as a housing surrounding the shaft or similar. Areas (90a; 96; 98) arranged next to each other in the direction of the axis are determined between the force-transmitting element (10) and the pressure-insulating element by means of sealing elements (70); at least one of the preferably magnetofluidic sealing elements (70) is leakage-free, and two areas (90a; 98) for fluids (A, B) having different pressures flank an area (96) for an auxiliary liquid (H), whereby said area is subdivided by a device (100) into two partial areas (96a, 96b) for two different pressure areas. A conveying medium isallocated to the area (90a) at high pressure and ambient air is allocated to the area (98) at low pressure. The auxiliary liquid (H) is a carrier oil of the magnetofluid, optionally a silicon oil, allocated to the sealing element (70).


The present invention relates to a leather-like sheet excellent in softness of touch and excellent in durability in appearance, which is a composite sheet comprising a nonwoven fabric and a woven fabric, wherein the microfine fibers having a monofilament fineness of 0.0001 to 0.5 dtex are entangled with each other, At least a part of which passes through a woven fabric, has an appearance of not less than grade 3 in the abrasion resistance evaluation, a weight loss of not more than 10 mg, and is made substantially of an inelastic polymer fiber material. Leather-like sheet, non-woven fabric, woven fabric, microfiber, non-elastic polymer


Background: Female voiding dysfunction is a complex disorder, lacks definition, and is poorly understood and difficult to manage. Causes of Female Voiding Dysfunction: As there is no agreed classification of female voiding dysfunction, it is important to identify the several potential factors that might cause voiding dysfunction, namely anatomic, neurogenic, pharmacologic, endocrine, pharmacological and other causes. Presentation and Clinical Evaluation: Traditional and novel techniques are available and the importance and diagnostic dilemma related to these conditions need to be understood. We conclude by emphasizing the need to simplify the diagnosis and nomenclature of these conditions from a more clinical point of view as against an investigational perspective.


Methods, apparatus, systems and computer program products are defined that provide for in-order deliver of data packets during hand-off. The aspects provide for in-order delivery at Forward Link Serving eBS/Data Attachment Point (FLSE/DAP) switch and Reverse Link Serving eBS/Data Attachment Point (RLSE/DAP) switch. As such, present aspects provide for significant improvement in the throughput of applications, such as applications relying on Transmission Control Protocol (TCP), during handoff, in such networks as Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB) and the like.


Based on the longwall panel layout at Renjiazhuang Coal Mine in Ningdong mining area,using the method for determining the mechanical and physical properties of rock mass based on the Hoek-Brown criterion,the characteristics of ground pressure distribution in multi-seam coal mining at different panels in No.3 and No.5 coal seams were simulated by FLAC3D software.In addition,the pressure and displacement of surrounding rock were monitored and the monitoring data were compared with the numerical simulation results.The results show that the properties of rock mass calculated by Hoek-Brown criterion are obviously different with the properties of rock sample obtained by standard experiments.They are not just a simple addition and reduction relationship.The method used to determine the rock mass parameters in this study took account for the factors of structure characteristics of rock mass,rock strength,excavation disturbance,etc.The comparison of the in-situ monitoring data and the numerical simulation results demonstrates the validity and rationality of the property determination method based on the Hoek-Brown criterion.


Abstract Novel ruthenium carbene complexes have been in situ generated and tested for the transfer hydrogenation of ketones. Applying Ru(cod)(methylallyl) 2 in the presence of imidazolium salts in 2-propanol and sodium-2-propanolate as base, turnover frequencies up to 346 h −1 have been obtained for reduction of acetophenone. A comparative study involving ruthenium carbene and ruthenium phosphine complexes demonstrated the higher activity of ruthenium carbene complexes.


The main feature of a three phase inverter, with an additional neutral leg, is its ability to deal with load unbalance in a standalone power supply system [7],[12]. The goal of the three phase four leg inverter is to maintain the desired sinusoidal output voltage waveform over all loading conditions and transients. It is ideal for applications like data communication, industrial automation, military equipment, which require high performance uninterruptible power supply. As shown in Figure 1.2, the three phase four leg inverter is used in the shipboard DC DPS to provide secondary AC power distribution. It can be utilized to supply utility power for combat equipment, radar and other critical electronic load. In this section, the modeling and control of a PEBB based three phase four leg inverter is described. Modeling of the four leg inverter has been discussed in the literature [7]. But, effect of power stage coupling and sampling delay on control design has not been addressed. This section investigates two control strategies and their limitations. 2.4.1 Principle of Operation Figure 2.17 shows the three phase four leg inverter composed of PEBBs. Four PEBB cells with integrated gate drives are configured to form the Four Leg Inverter power stage. The additional PEBB leg is connected to the neutral of the load. A DSP based local controller


New computer simulations of asteroid impacts on the Moon reveal why the basins on its near side are almost twice as wide as those on its far side.


Choosing or switching between heterogeneous networks according to the highest performance in terms of quality of service is largely inefficient in vertical handover. In fact a service may have unstable performance and require highly frequent vertical handover procedures. In this paper we consider the impact of statistical fluctuations of performance parameters (decision under risk) and propose a soft algorithm that exploits the statistical knowledge in order to reduce outage probability.


The present invention refers to the use of bisphosphonic acids or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof for the manufacture of medicaments for the prevention or the treatment of disorders characterized by pathologically increased bone resorption, especially for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis.


The infinite parameter Kac-Moody algebra $\mathsf{C}[t]\ensuremath{\bigotimes}G$, whose elements are loops in $G$ and which is related to the vertex operator for the string model when $G=\mathrm{sl}(2c)$, is identified as the hidden-symmetry algebra of the two-dimensional chiral models. These observations suggest that a Kac-Moody Lie algebra is the hidden symmetry of Yang-Mills fields, a phenomenon which, if true, might lead to complete integrability and nonperturbative information. This algebra, also relevant to integrable soliton theory, may elucidate the classical and quantum inverse method for the chiral theory.


Taking the evaluation model of transportation superiority degree including transport network density,accessibility and location superiority three aspects,county level transportation superiority is evaluated and compared in Central Plain Economic Zone(CPEZ) in 2008.And then,based on the comprehensive evaluation of county's economic development,coupling and coordination degree between transportation superiority and regional economic development are measured and classifications of coupling-coordination regions are divided.Results show that:regional disparity of transportation superiority was remarkable and the circular stepped spatial pattern of transportation superiority that reduced gradually from Zhengzhou to the margins had appeared.Regional disparity of county's economy was also remarkable;Northwestern were higher than the southeast,mountainous resources counties were higher than plain agricultural counties.Although the coupling degree between county transportation superiority and economic development was high,the coordination degree between transportation superiority and economic development was lower than the coupling degree;most counties remained with middle and reluctance coordination state,only a few remained with high coordination state.The transportation infrastructure of most counties were ahead of regional economic development,just a few margin counties in the northwest were insufficient.The transportation superiority should be fully used to speed up county economy and to realize high level of coordination between transportation and regional economic development.


Summary Urinary bone marrow colony stimulating activity has been studied in four patients undergoing elective operative procedures. These studies have shown a close correlation between colony stimulating activity and rises and falls in the peripheral granulocyte count. These data add further biologic evidence to support the concept that urinary colony stimulating activity may represent a true leukopoietic substance.


The formula,preparation methods,sponge structure and mechanical properties of silicone rubber sponge compounds,cured by benzoyl peroxide,with low blowing ratio were briefly introduced.The results showed that the effects of dosage of curing agent,co-agent,blowing temperature,plasticity and rubber molecule weight on the vulcanization and blowing effects were significant.Co-agents could influence the degree of vulcanization-reversion of the sponge compounds,while the compounds temperature affected the sponge density and its hardness to some extent.The silicone rubber sponge with low blowing ratio had closed pore structure,and behalved with high compression deformation,low modulus and tensile strength,long elongation at break,low compression set,high relaxation rate and good resilience.


Although the leveraged buyout of companies by financial actors has been common practice in English-speaking countries for almost 25 years (the euphonic name 'private equity' was not established before the 1990s) trade unions and workers' representatives in Europe have tackled the issue rather late in the day. The main reason for this is the fact that private equity has been active to a significant extent only since the beginning of this decade. For instance, the value of the European private equity portfolio has more than quadrupled from €58bn in 1999 to some €258bn in 2007.1


Postgraduates' scientific research quality is directly related to the development of medical science and medical service level.As an important part of medical education,the education mode,idea and characteristics of Anesthesiology teaching has its certain particularity.The importance of cultivating scientificresearch thinking,the present situation of Anesthesiology postgraduates` research quality,and how to cultivate was expounded to provide suggestions for improve the overall quality of Anesthesiology postgraduates in the paper.


: Indiscriminate uses of chemical anthelmintics have resulted in the establishment of resistant parasites. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the antiparasitic effect of Egyptian propolis ethanolic extract -as an alternative used drug- on adult Toxocara vitulorum in vitro. Adult worms were incubated for 24 h. in different concentrations of the extract (100, 50, 25, 12 and 6 mg/ml). The extract revealed anthelmintic efficacy and the mortality rate was concentration dependant. LC , LC and LC were 6.9, 12.5 and 53.4 mg/ml, respectively. 25 The mode of action of propolis ethanolic extract on adult worms was assessed by light and scanning electron microscopy following 24 h. incubation. The disintegration of hypodermis, disorganization of muscle layers and retraction of lips, cuticle damage and distortion of excretory pore were detected and confirmed the nematicidal effect of Egyptian propolis. The overall findings of the current study confirmed effective and natural anthelmintic alternative to the more expensive drugs could be developed using Egyptian propolis.


This study describes the spectral characteristics between 250 and 700 nm of lenses from 71 species of deep-sea teleost. The majority of these did not contain detectable amounts of short-wave absorbing pigment and transmitted all longer wavelengths to the same extent before cutting off smoothly and rapidly in the near-UV (50% transmission 310–348 nm). The lenses of 15 species, however, contained significant amounts of short-wave absorbing pigment. The majority of these lenticular pigments had smooth 'bell-shaped' absorbance spectra with a single peak in the near-UV. Such 'simple' pigments were extracted from four species (λmax: 360·8 nm, 36·50 nm, 395·7 nm, 324·8 nm) and detected in a further eight species, although insufficient material was available to allow their extraction from the latter group. The absorbance profiles of lenses from another three species were more complex, suggesting the presence of one and two carotenoid-like pigments respectively in the lenses of Argyropelecus sladeni and A. affinis, and two as yet unidentified pigments in the lenses of Malacosteus niger. This brings the total of short-wave absorbing pigments so far described in the lenses of deep-sea fish to at least eleven. In Argyropelecus spp. the pigmentation was most pronounced in the lens cortex, while in Malacosteus niger it was restricted to the lens core. In all other species the pigment appeared freely diffusible throughout the lens. Several species showed an increase in the degree of lenticular pigmentation in older animals and two (Argyropelecus affinis and Malacosteus niger) demonstrated age-related changes in the relative concentrations of two different pigments within the lens.


cations of this discussed in Section 6. I suggest to mention that the gas-liquid partitioning described with Henry's law actually applies to the limiting case of an organic compound being present in tiny amounts (both in gas and liquid phases) only, as defined by Eq. (1). This may therefore not apply to all situations found in the lower atmosphere. In addition, as soon as not only an aqueous ammonium sulphate phase is present in an aerosol, but, e.g., also a hydrophobic organic phase, the partitioning of the considered polyols may be quite different from the simple examples given in the calculations and shown in Figure 2; see, e.g., Zuend et al. (2010). In such a case, less hydrophilic compounds may still partition substantially to the particles, despite the simple Henry's law calculation (and activity coefficient values in the aqueous phase) suggesting otherwise.


Objective:To investigate the mutation of p53 gene in the carcinogensis of thyroid carcinomas and the correlation between the p53 gene mutation and clinicopathological characteristics of the cancer.Methods:Single stranded conformation polymorphism of PCR was used in detecting p53 gene point mutations in exons 7,8.Results:p53 gene mutations in exons 7 and 8 were found in 37 thyroid carcinoma patients (29.7%).The frequency of mutations was significantly higher in relapse group than those in no relapse group (P0.01).No statistically significant differences in p53 mutation were found relating to metastasis,histological type and differentiation of the cancer (P0.05).Conclusion:These data suggest that the mutation of p53 gene may play an important role in thyroid carcinoma and may be associated with the prognosis of thyroid carcinoma patients.


In this article, we employ a cultural historical theoretical framework to extend understandings of how widespread 2-year college placement policies concerning English remediation potentially locate and retain U.S.-educated Latino adolescents at the margins of higher education through well-intentioned yet deficit-driven postsecondary cultural practices. We conclude with a research agenda for examining established institutional practices and alternatives in regard to 2-year college support for nontraditional students' access to and success in the opportunity structures of higher education.


In this paper, a new image compression encoding algorithm based on wavelet transform and vector quantization is put forward. First the quadtree classification utilizes correlation between the subbands. Then the coefficients are recorded by the means of the transform because of the brother dependencies. At last, we use tree structure to organize coefficients. In each tree, nodes are pruned or retained according to their important. The survived nodes are serializ ed to be a vector, which will be the input of vector quantization. The experiment show in very low bit rate, using the proposed algorithm, the reconstructed image is superior to that of EZW,SPIHT in both of perception and PSNR.


In steady state running three different initial foot contact patterns (IFCP) are possible: initial rearfoot (IRFC), midfoot (IMFC) or forefoot (IFFC) contact. One of the most commonly used methods to characterise IFCP is the strike index (Cavanagh and Lafortune 1980). The strike index (SI) method is based on centre of pressure (COP) calculation from force plate data and the localisation of this COP@IFC on the plantar side of the foot based on kinematic data. However the calculation of COP from force plate data is less accurate when only small forces are exerted (Bobbert et al. 1990) which is the case at IFC.


Three-dimensional (3D) urchin-like MnO2@poly (sodium 4-styrene sulfonate) (PSS)/poly (diallyl dimethylammonium chloride) (PDDA)/PSS particles were prepared via the layer-by-layer (LBL) assembly of polyelectrolytes for the extraction of Zn2+ from alkaline media. The adsorption performance of Zn2+ on MnO2, MnO2@PSS/PDDA/PSS, and MnO2@(PSS/PDDA)3/PSS was investigated in batch experiments. The adsorption of Zn2+ on MnO2@PSS/PDDA/PSS has been studied under various conditions, such as initial Zn2+ concentration, adsorbent dosage, the solution's pH, and reaction time. The Zn2+ adsorption process is well represented by the pseudo-second-order kinetic model, and the equilibrium data fit the Freundlich isotherm well. MnO2@PSS/PDDA/PSS also showed high efficiency for Pb2+ and Cu2+ removal from slightly alkaline water. Thus, our research provides a deep insight into the preparation of 3D manganese oxides with polyelectrolyte films for the extraction of heavy metal ions, such as Pb2+, Cu2+, and Zn2+, from slightly alkaline wastewater.


This study deals with the Supreme Court decision in the case of Miller v. California, 413 U.S. 15 (1973). The study analyzes the arguments presented in the decision by both the majority and the dissenting justices according to the Toulmin model. This study begins with a review of viewpoints on the First Amendment, and how they will be applied to the question addressed in the thesis. The history of the obscenity controversy is detailed to explain the viewpoints that the Supreme Court has taken dealing with this problem. This study concluded that the arguments presented by the majority were not supported by ample evidence. The arguments presented by Justice Douglas in the dissent were more justified. This study concludes that more study needs to be conducted in the area of obscenity; and that the material should not be suppressed.