Summary form only given. We address the role of many-body correlations originating from the inter-LL (Landau level) processes in QWs in strong field. In the linear optical response, the processes involving transitions between different LLs are suppressed provided that the magnetic field is strong enough. However, in the nonlinear response, the situation is completely different. In this case, there are inter-LL processes involving two photoexcited electrons - Auger processes - which remain unsuppressed even at strong magnetic fields. Our main observation is that the Auger processes should play the dominant role in the nonlinear optical spectroscopy in strong magnetic field. We perform numerical calculations for the third-order four-wave-mixing polarization which incorporate the Auger processes nonperturbatively.


Hand gesture is language through which normal people can communicate with deaf and dumb people. Hand gesture recognition detects the hand pose and converts it to the corresponding alphabet or sentence. In past years it received great attention from society because of its application. It uses machine learning algorithms. Hand gesture recognition is a great application of human computer interaction. An emerging research field that is based on human centered computing aims to understand human gestures and integrate users and their social context with computer systems. One of the unique and challenging applications in this framework is to collect information about human dynamic gestures. Keywords: Covid-19, SIRD model, Linear Regression, XGBoost, Random Forest Regression, SVR, LightGBM, Machine learning, Intervention.


In this paper we present the result of a user interface designed to increase social affinity between two remote collaborators working on design tasks. The results suggest that the tool is successful in creating an overall affinity that is 14.6% higher than the control group without adding a significant difference in task completion time. Affinity is measured with a framework with demonstrated inter-rater reliability using codes assigned to specific conversational patterns and video recorded interactions. This research approach provides a platform for future work codifying affinity and trust among larger numbers of remote collaborators.


The Project began consultations and planning with state and district officials in 2007 and helped GOJH to implement the SBA training programme in 2008 in a pilot initiative in Deoghar district. Based on the evidence of improved knowledge and practice of SBA skills and increasing institutional deliveries in Deoghar, GOJH decided to scale up the intervention in all 24 districts of the state in 2009, and asked the Project to provide technical assistance in 14 districts (Chatra, Deoghar, Garhwa, Giridih, Godda, Gumla, Hazaribagh, Jamtara, Koderma, Latehar, Pakur, Ramgarh, Sahibganj and Simdega), and UNICEF to provide assistance in the other districts (Table 2). Scale of Technical Assistance


Assigning storage locations to incoming or reshuffled containers is a fundamental problem essential to the operations efficiency of container terminals. The problem is notoriously hard for its combinatorial and dynamic nature. In this article, we minimize the number of reshuffles in assigning storage locations for incoming and reshuffled export containers. For the static problem to empty a given stack without any new container arrival, the optimum reshuffle sequence is identified by an integer program (IP). The integer program captures the evolution of stack configurations as a function of decisions and is of interest by itself. Heuristics based on the integer program are then derived. Their competitiveness in accuracy and time are established by extensive numerical runs comparing them with existing heuristics in literature and in practice as well as with extensions of the existing heuristics. Variants of the IP‐based heuristics are then applied to the dynamic problem with continual retrievals and arrivals of containers. Again, numerical runs confirm that the IP‐based heuristic is competitive. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2009


In this paper, the author studies, through numerical simulation, the classical analog of the electromagnetically induced absorption/re∞ection (EIA) in a planar metamaterial structure in the near infrared spectral region. The structure is designed by transforming an electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) structure into an EIA structure using Babinet's principle. The structure exhibits a coupling between a bright mode (a complementary ring resonator (CRR)) and a dark mode (pair of parallel straight slits) imprinted on a glass substrate. A narrow absorption window, induced in a wide transparent window, is achieved by the structure and the strength of coupling is tuned by the degree of breaking symmetry and relative displacement of the two mode elements. Electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) is a quantum mechanical phenomenon in which an absorption is transformed into a transparency, and this is associated with strong dispersion that reduces the group velocity (1{3). This phenomena has many potential applications in signal processing, optical flltering and sensing technologies (4{7). The classical analog of the EIT has been achieved and reported by many researchers using a planar metamaterial structures that are generally composed of two metallic elements imprinted on a dielectric substrate. The two elements are metallic resonators that act either as two bright modes or a bright and dark mode. A bright mode element couples strongly with the incident excitation fleld while the dark element does not couple with the incident fleld but couples with the magnetic fleld induced by the bright element. Several EIT metamaterial structures have been employed and reported in the microwave, terahertz and optical frequency regions (8{14). In this paper, we propose a new EIT structure that achieves a more pronounced narrow transparency window sandwiched between two absorption bands compared with a similar structure proposed in (14). Also compared with (14), the structure proposed here is independent of the polarization orientation with respect to the bright mode element. Then we transform this structure into an EIA structure using Babinet's principle (15,16), where a narrow absorption/re∞ection window is sandwiched between two transparency bands. The structures proposed here may be used as obscurant particles that allow the passage of a speciflc window/windows of the electromagnetic spectrum and obscure the neighboring frequencies, for this reason the transmission spectrum will be discussed and addressed for the potential obscurant applications. Although the orientational average response of the structure is what matters, it is of good beneflt to get the behavior in a given orientation. The EIT structure is composed of a metallic ring resonator (RR) which acts as a bright mode and a pair of metallic rods that act as a dark mode. Here we overlap the RR wide antenna resonance and the narrow line width quadrupole rod resonance, which in turn produces the EIT-like efiect. The structure is transformed into an EIA structure by replacing the metallic RR and the pair of rods resonator with complementary ring resonator (CRR) and


An experimental study of a new type of composite T-joint with transverse stitching was conducted under tensile and shear loading. Fixtures were designed to load the T-joint specimens under simple support and fixed support boundary conditions, respectively. During experimentation, load–displacement and strain–load measurements were recorded and post-failure analysis was accomplished on failed specimens using optical microscopy. T-joint behavior under simple-support tension boundary conditions was shown to be linear up to initial failure. Specimens failed initially due to matrix cracking at the fillet region of the web-to-flange interface. Onset of ultimate failure was attributed to fiber insertion bridging leading to insertion breakage and pullout. The mechanical behavior under an applied shear load was marked by nearly linear behavior up to ultimate failure. Specimens fail by interfacial matrix cracking at the web-to-flange interface leading to T-joint catastrophic failure with complete separation of the web and flange.


A SERIES of experiments was performed to determine the effects of low Bond number (ratio of gravitational forces to surface tension forces) sloshing on thermally stratified liquids contained in right circular cylindrical tanks. Specifically, the principal objective of the study was to identify which, if any, of the three lateral sloshing modes that exist near the first natural frequency of the liquid surface disrupt the stratified layer and cause it to mix with the bulk liquid.


Abstract New arsenic (III) derivatives of 4-methoxyphenyldithio- and trithiophosphonic acids were obtained in the reactions of LawessoN′s reagent with arsenic (III) alkoxides.


SUMMARY The paper highlights some ofthe findingsfrom a stud» carried out b» the author and eo-workers in the County of Avon, England, in 1981. The objective was to develop a methodology for evaluating the occupational health nursing resources and activities within a defined geographical region, which could then be applied to other areas including Malaysia. Data was collected by means of a postal questionnaire. The response rate from the 108 nurses in the study population was 82.4 percent. The majority offull time nursing units were employed in large organizations (with more than 1000 employees) uihile most of the part-time units were in smaller organizations. The main nursing activities appeared to be treatment, medical examinations and screeningprocedures. The implications arising from the findings are discussed in relation to the role of the occupational health nurse in Malaysian industry. There is a need to provide basic occupational health services to cover all industrial workers in Malaysia, particularly those in the smaller industries. In view of the great shortage of physician manpower, especially those qualified in occupational medicine, the fully-trained occupational health nurse app"ars to be the most appropriate paramedical personnel to provide primary health services in industry.


Properties of flour from blanched tubers of two water yam (Dioscorea alata) cultivars were compared with those from the non blanched ones. The results showed that the proximate composition of flours from the yellow cultivar was different from that of the purple cultivar. Steam blanching (97±2°C, 7 min) on the purple cultivar resulted in more significant reduction on yield and the Lightness (L) value. However, it had significant effect on some components of the flours such as protein, ash, amylose and fiber. Results of proximate composition showed crude fat yellow and purple water yam ranging from 0.4 to 0.55%, crude protein 5-8%, dietary fiber 16-26% and starch 41-76%. Starch granule size between 20-40 μm. Blanched yellow water yam flour has the highest water and oil absorption which is 2.02 and 1.18 g/g. Dioscorine and water soluble polysaccharides, bioactive components from Dioscorea, of purple water yam flour are larger than the yellow flour. Purple water yam flour is better to be proceed as a functional food because it has a high peak viscosity, more stable to heat and has greater content of bioactive compounds. Steam blanching decrease the yield of dioscorine and water soluble polysaccharide.


Hydrotalcites of the general formula Me6Al2(OH)16Cl2·4H2O (Me = Mg, Ni, Zn, Co, and Mn) and Ca2Al(OH)6Cl·2H2O were prepared by the coprecipitation method. X-ray diffraction, thermal analysis, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, and Raman scattering were employed to study the structural features of these materials. Particularly, the influences of different chemical compositions on the vibrational modes (stretching, bending, and lattice) were studied in detail. The compounds were produced with different crystallinity, ordering degree, and number of water molecules inside interlayers. Zinc hydrotalcite seems to be the most crystalline among the investigated materials without stacking faults, while Mg and Ni materials presented the lower ordering degree, crystallite sizes, and additional stacking faults. FTIR and Raman results demonstrated evidence of a complex band structure strongly correlated to the cationic radius, particularly, the lattice vibrations at lower frequencies. Stretching, bending, and la...


Vehicular networking is an emerging technology that offers the potential of providing a variety of new services. However, extending vehicular networks to include internet protocol (IP) connections is still problematic, due in part to the incompatibility of mobile IP handovers with the increased mobility of vehicles. The handover process, consisting of discovery, registration, and packet forwarding, has a large overhead and disrupts connectivity. With increased handover frequency and smaller access-point (AP) dwell times in vehicular networks, the handover causes a large degradation in performance. This paper proposes a predictive handover protocol, using a combination of a Kalman filter (KF) and an online hidden Markov model (HMM), to minimize the effects of prediction errors and to capitalize on advanced handover registration. Extensive simulated experiments were carried out in the network simulator ns-2 to study the performance of the proposed protocol within a variety of traffic and network topology scenarios. Results show a significant improvement to both prediction accuracy and network performance when compared with recent proposed approaches.


PURPOSE: To enable stable molding by spraying an elastomer on the single die part of a second die set to cure the same and applying a moldable foam forming plastic material to a part to position a fiber reinforced substrate to perform foam molding. CONSTITUTION: Glass reinforcing fibers 21 are positioned on the die part 24, of a first die set and a moldable plastic material 22 is applied thereto to clamp a mold to obtain a molded substrate 11. Next, an elastomer is sprayed on the single die part 33 of a second die set and cured to form the surface finish layer 12 of a panel and a moldable foam forming plastic material 35 is applied to a least a part of the surface finish layer 12 and the molded substrate is positioned within a die and the mold is closed to perform foam molding to mold the inner panel of a door 10. By this constitution, the inner panel stable and strong against an impact can be easily molded. COPYRIGHT: (C)1990,JPO


By virtue of questionnaire,on-the-spot investigation,documents research,various symposium and meetings,seminar discussion and so forth,this report investigates and analyzes the actual state and graduates of long-distance education of Jiangxi RadioTV University in a comprehensive way.This paper has fully uncovered the general conditions and data of teaching scale,level,standards,course settlement,budget,institution arrangement below the province-level of RadioTV University and management system during the period of Jan.,2001 and June,2005,and has reflected the accomplishment and experience achieved in the past 26 years and the essential problems and dilemma facing the reform and development of Jiangxi RadioTV University,and has probed its orientation,goals and developing train of thought.The report holds that Jiangxi RadioTV University,after experiencing 27 years' development and actively adapting to the a variety of talents needs of economic and social development,has practiced into the indispensable part of higher education,the backbone of adult education and the main force of modern long-distance education.The University,by transforming personnel resources and upgrading quality of our citizens,has contributed enormously to the publicization of higher education,optimize teaching structure,construe study-oriented society and construct study-all-the-life education system.In the past years,the University has established multi-level education system form the Central RadionTV University to province-level and city-level universities,and set up flexible system and model of managing the teaching in a way of multi-type,multi-form and multi-level,construed a interactive,netized and digitized teaching environment of combined three-level networks and platforms characterizing the use of multi-media.Jiangxi RadioTV University is particular in system,clear-cut in characteristics,standard in management and prominent in beneficial result and has our national invaluable education resource by accumulating more than 20 years' experience.Nevertheless,it's worthy to pay attention to numerous difficulties and problems in the University's development,such macro teaching management as vague orientation,unreliable teaching policies,unimplemented autonomy of teaching management,unclear legal position of long-distance education,and unconfirmed expenses and external pressure of teaching management produced by various irrational competition and so on.In the internal part,the University faces severe testing such as the weakenization,disunion and uncontrol on the background of local education resources integration.In addition,the University is not harmonious with the requirements in this modern period in the aspects of education idea,management style and core competitiveness.In order to solve the present problems,what come first is the government should impose effective management,regulate teaching running,position education and classify its function,confirm its legal position,and run the teaching legally to make sure a positive surroundings for the University.Particularly,it's urgent for us to lay down a law for long-distance education,perfect the policy and put forward a solution to its autonomy.Simultaneously,the University itself should improve the construction as system,deepen the reform of intern management,stick to the "four facing",further the resource construction,enhance quality of faculty,raise the core competitiveness,develop the advantages and characteristics,strengthen the great goal of long-distance education with Chinese characteristics,live on by quality,and develop by characteristics and future the University by creation.


Typically, axial flux permanent magnet machines require 3-dimensional (3D) finite element analysis, increasing the amount of time required to complete a machine design. To overcome the drawback of 3D finite element analysis, several authors have proposed 2-dimensional (2D) finite element (FE) modeling and analysis techniques. This paper expands upon previous work, investigating quasi-boundary conditions to address end-effects and expands upon existing knowledge of discretizing the 3D problem into multiple 2D models for axial flux permanent magnet (AFPM) machines. The results of 2D finite element method are verified by a prototype which has single rotor, dual stator (SRDS) configuration. The results presented in this paper reaffirm that the less conventional SRDS AFPM can be effectively modeled in 2D, and that quasi-boundary condition can offer increased model accuracy, relative to conventional 2D FE modeling of AFPM machines.


This article regards the specific region conditions and behavior characteristics in the arid area oasis as the target,and introduces the state of Akesu area which lies in the north fringe of TaklaMakan Desert.It analyses and explains the common characteristics and major problems.The following ways will contribute to the improvement of the ecological environment in the oasis in implementing the strategies to develop Western Region.These ways include that expand the area of oasis;accelerate the force of ecological environmental construction;through using the policy,economy and technology means set up the compensate system of ecological environment;allocate the structure of plant in the oasis;popularize agriculture of economizing on water in an all-round way;improve the reasonable exploiting and utilization in water and soil resources and effectively protect them.


The flowers extracts of Tagetes erecta Linn. Have extensive usages in industries like food, beverages, cosmetics, feed, fragrances and dyeing. In this study, the influence of four different drying techniques namely spray drying, shade drying, oven drying and sun drying on the levels of selected phytochemicals and scavenging activity of the flowers was studied. The data showed significant effect of drying treatments on the concentrations of the phytochemicals. Ascorbic acid, total phenolic and total flavonoid contents ranged from 57.3 to 91.0 mg/100 g, 487.0 to 634.0 mg/100 g and 137.0 to 161.3 mg/g, respectively. Highest concentration of ascorbic acid was found for shade dried sample, while lowest for sun dried sample. Similarly, the shade dried sample showed the highest phenolic content. The shade, oven and spray dried samples showed statistically similar values for flavonoid contents, whereas lowest value was observed for sun dried sample. The spray dried sample showed the highest values for both DPPH and hydrogen peroxide scavenging activities.


This paper proposes a number of systematic actions which can be taken to reduce the pitfalls and blind spots in the analysis and understanding of government debt, and describes a number of advances made in the compilation and analysis of public sector debt statistics in South Africa. Particular areas of focus include the broadening of such statistics to include all levels of government and public enterprises; the addition of data on loan guarantees extended by government; the addition of index-linked debt securities; and the compilation of statistics on public sector debt instruments by holder in an environment complicated by indirect holdings through structures such as nominee companies. Further improvements that are currently being worked on are also discussed. 1 Respectively Head of the Economic Reviews and Statistics Wing and Head of the Public Finance Division in the Research Department of the South African Reserve Bank. The views expressed are those of the authors and are not necessarily in agreement with those of their employer.


Kubu Raya district territory is quite a strategic place because it is adjecent with Pontianak City (South east pontianak). Kubu raya District is really potent in the field of trade, with the growth of the economy, comes the need of physical tools in kubu raya district mount up which directly or indirectly cause the use of spacial terrain including physical embodiment and vessel of kubu raya distric, where providing infrastructures should be in line towards the the development of the region in kubu raya district. Sungai Raya subsistrict is the capital region of Kubu Raya which is developing especially in the field of trade with that field itself growing, it makes the population in sungai raya grow accordingly to the daily needs. Thus, a place for trading we know as traditional market is needed for the citizens of sungai raya. As for the purpose of writing this thesis is to know is the parking space that is available able to to accomodate the amount of vehicle that is parked, and to structure the parking space in Melati puring parit baru traditional market. In this research the data that is got is aquired aquired from a couple of firm, that is the BPS and Bappeda of Kubu raya district. The aquirred data are from survei's that is done on sundays (6 April 2014) and mondays (7 April 2014) from 05.00-17.00 Indonesia Local Time with division points as mich as 3. The research wil be calulated an analysed so the need of parking space will be found out. Based on the result of the research, the total of vehicle movement that comes in to the parking location is, for motorcycles its 1787 vehicles, and cars its 135 vehicles. obtained from the calculation is the time duration between 30-60 minute has an intensity that is quite high, so we can conclude that the duration for parking in the research area is approximatly = 1 hour. and for the requirement space in the melati puring parit baru traditional market in kubu raya district obtained at the first point is 4 spaces for cars, and 81 spaces for motorcycle, at the second point is 2 spaces for cars and  and 10 spaces for motorcycles and at the third point is 3 spaces for cars and 14 spaces for motorcycles. concluded rom the needed parking space available is the lack of parking space for cars at point 1 is three parking space, at point 2 one parking space, and point 3 two parking space. To meet the shortage of car parking space the empty motorcycles spaces are used. Keywords: accumulated parking, parking duration, parking turnover, indices parking, and a parking space requirements.


Objective To discuss the clinical efficacy and feasibility of the children sequential therapy treatment for the children with Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori) infection.Methods One hundred and fifty children with the upper gastrointestinal symptoms were chosen,and 13 carbon-urea breath test(13C-UBT) detection of H.pylori was positive,and they were randomly divided into treatment group and control group,75 cases for each group,the treatment group was treated by 10-day sequential therapy,the control group was treated by the conventional triple therapy,4 weeks later,reviewed the 13C-UBT and determine the rate of H.pylori eradication.Results The total efficiency rate of the treatment group and the control group respectively were 93.33% and 82.67%,the H.pylori eradication rates respectively were 93.33% and 62.67%,there were statistically significant differences between two groups(P 0.05);the adverse reaction rate of the treatment group was 13.33%,and the control group was14.67%,the difference was not statistically significant(P 0.05).Conclusion The clinical efficacy of the children sequential therapy to eradicate the H.pylori is significantly better than the traditional triple therapy,and fewer adverse reactions,is the choice for a new program for the eradication of H.pylori infection.


With the development of real estate industry, the related construction of landscape environment has got an excellent achievement. People's living state and living quality, ecology and culture should be paid close attention in the process of designing the landscape environment in the residential areas. Landscape designers should not only take actions that suit local circumstances, but take account of humanity and creativity. The suggestions will hopefully help designers create healthy residential areas full of natural vitality and spiritual culture to make mankind live in harmony with nature.


increased risk of developing colorectal cancer (CRC). Colonoscopic surveillance is advocated in this population, with the aim of preventing death from CRC. This seems intuitive for a high risk group, but there is only limited observational evidence for the efficacy of surveillance [1]. A randomized controlled trial would now be extremely difficult to conduct as one group would be randomized to no colonoscopy surveillance. Furthermore, the absolute risk of CRC is low and it can take years for CRC to develop. A post-colonoscopy colorectal cancer (PCCRC) is one that develops following a colonoscopy that did not detect CRC. The rate of these cancers, as a proportion of the total number of CRCs, detected over a 3-year period has been recommended as a key indicator of the quality of a colonoscopy service [2]. Colonic IBD has been consistently shown to be one of the strongest factors associated with PCCRC, and the 3-year PCCRC rate in those with IBD is between 30% and 50% [3, 4]. There is debate about whether this metric is appropriate for those undergoing regular surveillance, as frequent colonoscopy tests could make PCCRC inevitable. In the current issue of Endoscopy, Troelsen et al. [5] present Danish population-based data on PCCRC in IBD over a 20-year period to 2015. This large cohort study of nearly 400000 individuals investigated two outcomes: the cumulative incidence proportion (CIP) of PCCRC within 3 years of a negative colonoscopy, and the 3-year PCCRC rate in IBD patients.


According to the United Nations, the creative industries are among the most dynamic business sectors offering new high growth opportunities, and while traditional businesses were seriously affected by the recent global economic crisis, the knowledgebased creative sectors were more resistant. In 2002 and 2008, Thailand was ranked as one of the world's top 20 exporters of creative goods, and to promote development in the creative sector, along with associated growth of the Thai economy, business incubation and entrepreneurial development can foster continued development towards creative goods and services. Business incubation is an important strategy for promoting entrepreneurship and business growth in developing countries, and the potential of business incubation for growth in Thailand's creative sectors leads to the objectives of this study, which are: 1) to identify the critical processes that affect the project outcomes of Thai's business incubation, 2) to utilize knowledge management approach in developing a framework leading to sustainable university business incubation, and 3) to suggest management strategy for Thai's university business incubation. Research investigating university business incubation within the creative industries is relatively limited, especially in the context of Thailand. There are also few studies employing a knowledge management perspective, hence an exploratory research approach was adopted in this research. Findings indicate that the product planning process (externalization) involves the conversion of tacit knowledge to explicit knowledge while the prototype development process (internalization) involves the conversion of explicit knowledge to tacit


OBJECTIVE
To detect the roles of Livin and its relationship with bFGF in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) through observing the expression of Livin and bFGF in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma.

METHOD
Expression of Livin and bFGF in 41 cases of LSCC (11 cases with lymph node metastasis) and 20 cases of normal soft palate mucosa were detected by immunohistochemistry.

RESULT
Livin were positively detected in 29 (70.73%) cases of LSCC and negatively detected in all normal soft palate tissue. The positive rate of Livin was higher in LSCC than that in normal soft palate tissue and the expressions were significantly associated with lymph node metastasis status (P < 0.05) but not with histological grade, clinical stage and age (P > 0.05). The expression of Livin was positively correlated with the expression of bFGF.

CONCLUSION
The elevated expression of Livin in LSCC might play an important role in the development of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma and bFGF might be involved in the process.


* Correspondence to: Ario Santini, University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Târgu Mureș, Romania, Gheorghe Marinescu 38, Tîrgu Mureș 540139, Romania. E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com This is the first paper in the occasional series which aims to aid and facilitate internists and colleagues who have little or no experience in writing and submitting manuscripts for publication. Case reports have a very low level of evidence, but they do have a place in medical publications. Polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) was first established as a distinct disease in 1966 following the publication of a case report on 11 patients. [ Davison S, Spiera H, Plotz CM "Polymyalgia rheumatica". Arthritis and Rheumatism. 9 (1): 18–23.]


George Mason University (GMU) is one of approximately 500 universities that have endorsed the American College and University Presidents' Climate Commitment (ACUPCC) which promises to reduce carbon emissions. As a part of this challenge, GMU is undertaking many steps to decrease its footprint including the production and use of biodiesel. As a student engineering project, biodiesel generation on the Fairfax, VA campus was investigated. Biodiesel is an alternative fuel source that has environmental benefits; most notably vegetable-based biodiesel reduces unburned hydrocarbons by 67%, carbon monoxide by 48% and particulate matter by 47% as compared with petroleum-based diesel. These environmental benefits fueled student exploration of the possibility of producing biodiesel from waste cooking oil. The process to generate biodiesel results in a fuel price per gallon that is significantly lower than conventional diesel in the current market. This per gallon savings contributes to a short capital cost payback period for biodiesel installation. Student calculations showed annual savings in the range of $13,000 with an estimated payback of around two months. If the development of biodiesel on campus was purely an economic or environmental issue, the decision would be simple. Unfortunately, the production and use of biodiesel is accompanied by many obstacles that are often overlooked by students. Some of these obstacles are legitimate concerns while others represent simple misconceptions. Safety considerations from the handling of hazardous materials, Federal and State regulations, outsourcing alternatives for biodiesel processing equipment, personnel resource limitations, vehicle maintenance concerns, selecting and locating an appropriate facility to house the system, and numerous other concerns were encountered in the student project. These topics are often presented in the classroom but not fully appreciated by students until they face them as real obstacles to a successful project completion. This paper explores the learning opportunities presented by the GMU biodiesel project including an improved understanding of adoption barriers of innovative sustainable solutions and the difficulties in obtaining reliable engineering data for analysis of new technologies.


Purpose
Analyzing the association between the entrepreneur's background and product innovation, this paper aims to propose that some entrepreneur's features are associated with the product innovation in incubated companies.

Design/methodology/approach
The study involved 95 technology-based firms incubated in Brazil. Questionnaires were sent to 461 technology-based incubated firms of the state, of which 112 have responded; however, only 95 met the established criteria, which was analyzed by logistic regression.

Findings
It was found that companies whose entrepreneurs have technical academic education closer to the Exact Sciences promote more innovation in products, regardless the size of their companies. In addition, in smaller firms, besides the technical background closer to the Exact Sciences, the entrepreneur's experience in the company also showed positive association regarding the intensity with which such firms innovate in products.

Practical implications
Results indicate that entrepreneurs who were selected taking into account their technical background closer to the Exact Sciences are more likely to contribute to the product innovation in their companies. Therefore, investing in their businesses will also increase the likelihood of success in the efficient allocation of the incubator resources.

Originality/value
The originality of this paper is reflected by the presentation of relations between entrepreneur's background and product innovation in technology-based incubated firms in an emerging economy, highlighting the value of some characteristics of entrepreneur's background to promote product innovation.


Billing H, Giese T, Sommerer C, Zeier M, Feneberg R, Meuer S, Tönshoff B. Pharmacodynamic monitoring of cyclosporine A by NFAT‐regulated gene expression and the relationship with infectious complications in pediatric renal transplant recipients.
Pediatr Transplantation 2010: 14:844–851. © 2010 John Wiley & Sons A/S.


Background : Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is an infectious disease caused by dengue virus. Until now, Dengue virus infection remains a health problem in Indonesia. The things which cause problems in DHF case are high mortality rates, diseases spread which are easily spread, especially affect children. Handling of DHF patients needs long of a length of stay which has large costs. Subjects and Method: This was an analytic observational study with a cross-sectional design. This study was conducted at Dr. Moewardi Hospital, Surakarta, based on medical records. 32 samples were selected using purposive sampling. The independent variables were age, sex, platelet count, hematocrit value, and a number of leukocytes. The dependent variable was the length of stay. The data were obtained from medical records using a Chi-square test. Bivariate analysis was used to determine the factors which affected DHF on length of stay using Chi-square, Kolmogorov Smirnov, continuing with multiple linear regression analysis. Results: The age of DHF patients was from 1 year of age to 53 years of age with an average age of 20.07 + 13.45 years. The number of female patients was 15 patients. Platelets level (x 1,000) was 25 for minimum and 308 for maximum. Mean ± SD platelet was 94.86 + 67.97. Hematocrit level was 28 for minimum and 54 for maximum. Mean ± SD hematocrit was 40.69 + 6.59. Leukocytes level (x 1,000) was 1.6 for minimum and 10.8 for maximum. Mean ± SD leukocytes was 5.50 + 2.95. The shortest length of stay was 3 days and the longest was 11 days. Mean ± SD length of stay was 5.21 ± 1.90 days. The result of multiple linear regression analysis showed a statistically non-significant relationship (p> 0.05) between age, sex, platelets, hematocrit, leukocytes, and length of stay. Conclusion: There is a non-significant relationship between age, sex, platelet count, hematocrit value, leukocyte count, and length of stay. Keywords: DHF, length of stay, platelet count, hematocrit value, leukocyte count Correspondence : Maria Devi Arianti. Masters Program in Family Medicine, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: ariantideviemail@example.com Mobile: 08124612699 Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health (2019), 4(4): 307-313 https://doi.org/10.26911/jepublichealth.2019.04.04.05


This paper focus on identifying Hammerstein-Wiener (H-W) model, where the model employs two different ELM networks as nonlinear blocks, respectively. In the model, the orders of dynamic linear part are known. Through some transformations, the output of model becomes linear with respect to unknown parameters. Therefore, the variable forgetting factor recursive least squares algorithm is presented for estimating the parameters of the H-W model. Simulation on temperature control model of water bath is presented to show efficiency of ELM-based H-W model and the recursive identification method.


The acuminate condyloma or rooster crest is a benign sexually transmitted infection caused by human papilloma virus. It is common among sexually active adults and adolescents. His discovery in children raises two problems: identifying the mode of transmission so as not to miss a possible sexual abuse and opt for an appropriate therapeutic choice. We report a case of genital condyloma for a 2,5 old girl with no known risk factors for immunosuppression. We discuss the main epidemiological, diagnostic, therapeutic and evolutionary aspects of this condition in children.


In order to improve the robustness of the ESD of the dual direction silicon controlled rectifier, a dual direction silicon-controlled rectifier having a dummy gate structure is proposed instead of the conventional structure with the isolation layer. Based on the conventional DDSCR structure and 0.18μm standard BCD process, this new dual direction SCR replaces the isolation layer at the N-Well with a dummy gate structure and its working mechanism is analyzed through equivalent circuit and two-dimensional device simulation. And thereby, the dummy gate structure is furthermore analyzed based on the modification and comparison. The results show that the dummy gate structure can provide more current conduction paths, lower the on-resistance of the device, and thus, allow the current evenly discharged from the inside of the device. The design of this novel double dummy gate structure should be a compromise between increasing sustain voltage and breakdown of dummy gate.


Eighteen litters of newborn piglets were divided randomly to control and treatment groups. From 12 days of age,piglets in treatment group were fed starter diet supplemented with 120 mg/kg cysteamine (CS),while the control group were fed basal diet. Piglets were weaned at 35 days of age (D35) in both groups. 6 piglets from each group were slaughtered on D28 (7 d before weaning),D35 (weaning day),D36.5,D38,D42 and D45 (36 h,72 h,7 d and 10 d after weaning),respectively. Radioimmunoassay was applied to determine the serum levels of cortisol,T3,T4 and IL-2. The results indicated that: (1) Cortisol level was stable before weaning in control group,followed by an abrupt increase on D36.5,and was restored to the level of weaning on D42. In treatment group,cortisol level exhibited a tendency of increase from D35 to D36.5,and was restored and stabilized at the level of weaning from D38 onwards. T3 level in control group was higher on D36.5 than that on D28,but there were not significant differences among other age groups. In treatment group,T3 level kept stable throughout the period of investigation. For control,T4 level increased on D36.5 and returned to the weaning day level on D38. T4 level was stable from weaning day to 45 days in treatment group. IL-2 level was kept stable in both groups until D45 when a significant increase was observed. (2) Cortisol level in treatment group decreased markedly by 30% compared with control group on D36.5. CS treatment increased both T3 and T4 levels by 49.2% and 31% on D35, and 38.6% and 45.8% on day 45 (P<0.05),respectively. No significant differences were observed on other ages for T3 and T4,although a tendency of increase was shown in treatment group. IL-2 concentration in treatment group increased by 22.1% (P<0.05),12.6% (P<0.05) and 17.8% (P<0.05) on D36.5,D38 and D45,respectively. The results suggested that cysteamine might help to enhance the resistance of the piglets to weaning stress through increased serum levels of T3,T4 and IL-2,and decreased cortisol secretion during pre- and post-weaning period.


The synthesis of 1,1′-dimethyl-4,4′-azo-1,2,4-triazolium salts, by oxidation of 4-amino-1,2,4-triazoles followed by quaternisation of the derived tetrazenes with methyl fluorosulphonate, is described. The azotriazolium salts were also obtained by oxidising the methobromides of 4-amino-1,2,4-triazoles with saturated aqueous bromine. No 1,1′-azobenzotriazole was isolated when 1-aminobenzotriazole was oxidised with acidified potassium bromate but the required title salts were obtained by oxidation of 1-aminobenzotriazole methobromide with saturated aqueous bromine.


Of the more popular methods of propellant estimation, namely, book -keeping, PV T (Pressure, Volume, Temperature) and the Thermal Propellant Gauging System (PGS) methods, the latter is most accurate at End -of -Life (EOL). The thermal method uses tank temperature responses to tank heating in order to infer the propellant load in the ta nk. Typically, the PGS method uses heat load from heaters which are attached to the p ropellant tanks . The current paper discusses a method of Thermal PGS when tanks do not have installed heaters. Specifically, this paper describes how the Thermal PGS me thod could be applied to an on -orbit Boeing 601 geosynchronous communications satellite. It is shown that propellant gauging is possible even when the propellant tanks do not have heaters. This paper examines an implementation of the Thermal PGS method o n a Boeing 601 geosynchronous communications satellite which has been operated by JSAT Corporation of Japan. Prior to the development of a thermal model, a feasibility test was conducted in order to determine the tank temperature response to tank heating. Due to the lack of heaters on the propellant tanks, gyro (Inertial Reference Unit, or IRU) heaters were used for tank heating. During the 48 -hour feasibility test, the tank temperature rose several degrees C which is sufficient for propellant estimation by the Thermal PGS method. No stationkeeping maneuvers were conducted during the period of data collection, in fact, the first maneuver was performed after a cool -down period for the tanks. High -fidelity tank and satellite thermal models were developed based on the results of the feasibility test, and those thermal models were used for propellant estimation. This paper discusses the results of the propellant estimation operations and the accuracies achieved .


With the advancement of technology, new software and devices are being developed to ease man's work. Waiting for train tickets in long queues is a time consuming process. Diagnosing record of real-time data of each who are all using train tickets or metro tickets, metro ticket booking system automation would be beneficial for government to implement proper and better rates for tickets and also it would be useful for people as they don't need to wait in long ques. This system is useful for passengers to get their ticket online instead of standing in long queues to obtain their ticket. This system is helpful to reduce the paper work; time consumption and passengers get the metro ticket in simple and faster way. In this paper, we are proposing QRcode generator and reader for metro ticket system. The QR-code (Quick Response code) becomes popular outside the automotive industry due to its fast readability and greater storage capacity compared to standard UPC barcodes and we also propose facility to take metro ticket using android mobile application. This system provides a facility for ticket checker to check daily passengers ticket by just scanning the QR-code. The app is also providing live tracking so that passengers can view upcoming stations on map and time to reach at particular station. This project provides an effective solution for managing metro tickets using a database. Our system has two logins; one for passengers, and another for ticket checker.


Man-Hunters of the Old West is the latest of the books written by the western historian Robert DeArment. Known for his meticulous research on frontier lawmen and outlaws, DeArment chronicles the stories of eight men who captured fugitives as an essential augmentation of law enforcement in the Old West. DeArment's biographical sketches of the "ablest catchers of lawbreakers in the West" offer colorful portraits of these fascinating figures (p. 89). DeArment introduces his characters by sizing up the conditions of western justice in the late 1800s, emphasizing the role of private companies in capturing fugitives. The financial losses suffered by stagecoach, railroad, and cattle enterprises brought about the arrival of men who were willing to go after road agents, horse thieves, and killers. Most of these extraordinary men made a living as private detectives, special agents, and bounty hunters. Dogging outlaws for thousands of miles across the West, the most resourceful man-hunters caught their quarry more often than not. The first man-hunter biography involves the remarkable career of Jim Hume. After a decade of chasing road agents, Hume was appointed chief special officer of Wells, Fargo & Company in 1873. He gained a reputation as a relentless detective and captured many notorious outlaws, including the legendary stagecoach robber Black Bart. Similarly, "Quick Shot" Davis, another of DeArment's man-hunters, got his start with a stagecoach line. The formidable Davis played an important role in the violent history that occurred on the Gilmer Stage route from Cheyenne to Deadwood. When overland transportation was replaced by railroads, Davis became a detective for the Union Pacific Railroad in Salt Lake City, Utah. He also spent time as a detective-inspector for the Wyoming Stock Growers Association and became involved in the legendary Johnson County Cattle War of the early 1890s. DeArment's stories of Jack Duncan, M. F. Leech, and Lew Llewellyn possess a common theme of man-hunters who gained reputations after capturing high-profile fugitives. Duncan brought John Wesley Hardin to justice and in the process realized that bounty hunting could prove more lucrative than employment as a lawman. Leech, also motivated by the prospect of earning reward money, pursued a group of train robbers known as the Collins Gang. The events that unfolded, albeit distorted by storytellers, launched Leech into man-hunter celebrity, and he parlayed this single episode into a detective position with the Union Pacific Railroad. Llewellyn was commissioned as a special agent of the Department of Justice to pursue horse thief David "Doc" Middleton and his gang of outlaws called the "Pony Boys," a capture that he accomplished in 1881. Perhaps the most dubious choice of characters included in the list of man-hunters is Perry Mallon. This short segment of ManHunters of the Old West covers Mallon's deceitful apprehension of Doc Holliday in Denver. While the story of Mallon's eccentric behavior gone awry is quite colorful, readers may question DeArment's inclusion of this self-appointed detective with the genuine man-hunters of the Old West. Of all the man-hunters featured in the book, Charlie Siringo and Dave Cook are arguably the most chronicled of the frontier detectives. Dubbed the "Cowboy Detective," Siringo spent more than twenty years as a Pinkerton operative chasing rustlers, robbers, and outlaw gangs. Dave Cook headed the Rocky Mountain Detective Association, pursuing some of the worst outlaws in the annals of the Wild West. Man-Hunters of the Old West is a fascinating book and will appeal to both casual western enthusiasts and aficionados of western lore. As in other DeArment books, the personality of each character comes to the forefront, taking on a life of its own. The combined man-hunter stories provide important insight into the history of the American frontier and the legends of the Old West.


Abstract: Maxillary lateral incisors often exhibit embryological variations and developmental anomalies. The palato-gingival groove (PGG) is a rare anomaly that can pose difficulties in accurate diagnosis and treatment planning. Its presence can predispose to localized periodontal involvement, pulpal necrosis and combined periodontal-endodontic lesions. This case report describes the combined endodontic and surgical management of a complex type of palato-gingival groove in a maxillary right lateral incisor with two canals which was diagnosed with the help of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) and successfully managed using advanced bioactive materials. CPD/Clinical Relevance: Clinicians should be familiar with the diagnosis and treatment planning in cases with a palato-gingival groove. Complex cases require combined endodontic and periodontal therapy. Autologous platelet rich fibrin (PRF) is a simple and cost-effective healing aid which helps in the regeneration of attachment apparatus.


The effects of flow velocity on the vibration frequency and mode shape of the fluid-conveying single-walled carbon nanotube are analyzed using nonlocal elastic theory. Results show that the frequency and mode shape are significantly influenced by the nonlocal parameter e0a/L. Increasing the nonlocal parameter decreases the real component of frequency and the decrease is more obvious for a lower flow velocity and a higher-order mode. In addition, a higher mode shape is observed with increasing the value of e0a/L. When a critical flow velocity is reached, the combination of first and second modes takes place. The mode shape for the combination is large relative to mode 3 due to the coupled frequency effect, especially including negative imaginary frequency. Furthermore, the mode shape of the combination increases as the nonlocal effect increases.


A passivating agent,which is composed of phosphate and cobalt salt without chromium on tin plate is introduced in this paper.The technology and mixture ratio of the passivating agent were studied in the lab.The corrosion resistance,adhesive force,resistance to oxidation,resistance to sulfuration and welding performance of the passivated tin plates were tested.The results show that the performance of passivated tin plates without chromium is nearly the same to those passivated tin plates with chromium,except for a little inferior surface gloss.


The present invention provides a network switching method of a dual-mode terminal. The method comprises the following steps that step one, when the dual-mode terminal calls in a first network and accesses the fringe region of the first network, the wireless network controller in the first network determines that no first network is overlaid around and a small interval switching threshold is met, and the wireless network controller in the first network determines whether the dual-mode terminal has the two-way calling ability that the dual-mode terminal accesses a second network based on keeping calling in the first network; step two, when the dual-mode terminal has the two-way calling ability, the wireless network controller in the first network requests the core network of the first network, takes a preset number as a calling number, and originates calling to a second binding number; step three, after the dual-mode terminal receives the calling from the preset number, the dual-mode terminal automatically answers to the calling, the first network calling is simultaneously hung up, and the switching from the first network to the second network is realized.


The unique-headed bug, Systelloderes biceps (Say), is reported from Michigan and Ohio, resulting in two new state records for the family Enicocephalidae. ____________________ Enicocephalomorpha represents the most basal lineage of the heteropteran phylogeny, of which 13 species in 7 genera may be found in the United States and Canada (Wygodzinsky and Schmidt 1991). Commonly called unique-headed bugs for their bizarre appearance, or gnat bugs for the aerial lekking habits of some species, these small heteropterans typically occur in cryptic microhabitats, often under bark or in soil. They are predaceous, preying on soft-bodied arthropods encountered in situ. Usinger (1945) provided a classification of the family (then comprising both the Aenictopecheidae and Enicocephalidae). Kristky (1977a) contributed bionomic information for the family. Wygodzinsky and Schmidt (1991) revised the classification of the New World species and compiled knowledge concerning the infraorder in a large and well-illustrated monograph. Štys (1995a, 1995b, 1995c) broadly discussed the taxa on a global scale, keyed the genera (Štys 2002), and considered zoogeographical factors and the confounding influence of large numbers of undescribed taxa (Štys 2008). Of the unique-headed bugs found in the United States, only one species, Systelloderes biceps (Say, 1831), is widely distributed in the eastern states. Froeschner (1988) recorded S. biceps from Arizona, District of Columbia, Florida, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Missouri, New York, North Carolina, Pennsylvania, Quebec, Rhode Island, Tennessee, Utah, and Virginia. Drew and Van Cleave's (1962) record for Oklahoma was overlooked, Krauth and Young (1994) added Wisconsin, Polhemus (1997) added Kansas, and Maw et al. (2000) added Ontario and Nova Scotia. Kritsky (1978) provided the latest treatment of the genus Systelloderes Blanchard, 1852, which was moreor-less excluded from Wygodzinsky and Schmidt's (1991) monograph. Herein, Michigan and Ohio are added to the range of Systelloderes biceps, and the first known record for the family Enicocephalidae in each state is presented. Materials and Methods Generic identification was accomplished using Kritsky's (1977b) key and Wygodzinsky and Schmidt's (1991) treatise, and thereafter, Kritsky's (1978) key to North American and Caribbean Systelloderes afforded a specific designation. Discussion of the wing venation follows the terminology of Wygodzinsky and Schmidt (1991). Label data are not transcribed verbatim, but complete locality information is included. Specimens are vouchered in one of the collections listed below. Data from these collections were supplemented with field observations from the Pittsfield Preserve in Michigan. 1 Swanson: First Record of the Enicocephalidae (Heteroptera) in Michigan and Published by ValpoScholar, 2015 2 THE GREAT LAKES ENTOMOLOGIST Vol. 48, Nos. 1 2 Collections are designated as follows: Daniel R. Swanson, personal collection (DRS); Illinois Natural History Survey Insect Collection, University of Illinois, Champaign, Illinois (INHS); Albert J. Cook Arthropod Research Collection, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan (MSUC); and University of Michigan Museum of Zoology Insect Collection, Ann Arbor, Michigan (UMMZ). Results and Discussion The Pittsfield Preserve is a 535-acre piece of land residing in Pittsfield Township of Washtenaw County. With portions set aside for recreational as well as preservational purposes, the Preserve contains several different habitats, including prairie, forest, marsh, vernal pools, and farmed plots of corn and soybean. On 8 April 2012, I collected one ultimate nymph of an enicocephalid from a log in a forested section (Loop A) of the Central Area Rural Preserve of the Pittsfield Preserve. On 13 April 2012, another ultimate nymph was collected in the same general area and microhabitat. Both specimens were kept alive and reared at my home in a vial provisioned with substrate from their natural habitat. The first nymph molted to an imago on 15 April 2012, but the date of death was not recorded. The second nymph, being additionally provisioned with syntopic collembolans as prey, molted to adulthood on 20 April 2012. Feeding was never observed, although daily observations were not maintained, and the second specimen died on 7 May 2012. The site of collection was a mesic oak-hickory forest, typical of lower Michigan, encompassing Loop A of the Central Area Rural Preserve. The soil of the loop consists of Blount loam, 2–6% slope, as character ized by Engel (1977), with Morley loam, 2–6% slope, and Pewamo clay loam occurring in nearby areas of the forest. Both specimens were taken under the bark of fallen or downed oak logs; at some non-recent, earlier point, the logs had been sawn at both ends, presumably sectioned from a larger downed tree, suggesting some degree of maintenance/interference in the area. The logs generally were moist, and the bark disengaged with relative ease. Slowly peeling sections revealed a substrate of soft humus with various tunnels and networks carved in by various arthropods. Other logs were checked during each collection event, but no other specimens were found. Enicocephalids occasionally have been found in close association with ants (Usinger 1945, Villiers 1960, Wygodzinsky and Schmidt 1991). The first specimen I collected was taken in a tunnel also containing Ponera pennsylvanica Buckley, 1866 (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Ponerinae). When the unique-headed bug nymph came into contact with the ants, both parties abruptly changed course, an interesting outcome, as these interordinal encounters might be expected to be frequent. Other invertebrates found on the same log were Augochlora pura (Say, 1837) (Hymenoptera: Halictidae), several firefly larvae (Coleoptera: Lampyridae), and a few species of centipedes and terrestrial isopods. The second specimen was taken on a log with a colony of P. pennsylvanica and abundant poduromorph springtails [Collembola]. The first specimen (Fig. 1) collected has been vouchered in the University of Michigan Museum of Zoology (UMMZ), whereas the second specimen (Fig. 2) has been retained in the author's personal collection (DRS). The specimens bear the following label data: MICHIGAN: Washtenaw Co., Pittsfield, Pittsfield Preserve, Loop A, woods, 8 April 2012, 42.2103°N 83.7201°W, 890 ft., D. R. Swanson, #10/under bark of fallen oak trunk in woods/taken as ultimate nymph, molted to adult on 15 April/det. D. R. Swanson 2012, STATE RECORD – MICHIGAN [1 male] (UMMZ); idem. 13 April 2012, #15/taken as ultimate nymph, molted to adult on 20 April, died on 7 May [1 male] (DRS). This species was expected to occur in Michigan, being known from surrounding states and territories (e.g., Illinois, Indiana, Ontario, New York, and 2 The Great Lakes Entomologist, Vol. 48, No. 1 [2015], Art. 1 https://scholar.valpo.edu/tgle/vol48/iss1/1 2015 THE GREAT LAKES ENTOMOLOGIST 3 Figure 1. Dorsal habitus of live captive Systelloderes biceps, adult male. Photograph taken by Mark O'Brien (UMMZ). Figure 2. Habitus of pinned specimen of Systelloderes biceps, adult male: (a) dorsal; and (b) dorsolateral view [flipped horizontally]. Images taken with Zeiss AxioCam HRc Rev. 3 digital camera mounted to Zeiss SteREO Discovery V.20 stereomicroscope with PlanApo S 0.63x objective. Images focus-stacked using Helicon Focus version 5.3 and resulting image processed using Adobe Photoshop CS5. 3 Swanson: First Record of the Enicocephalidae (Heteroptera) in Michigan and Published by ValpoScholar, 2015 4 THE GREAT LAKES ENTOMOLOGIST Vol. 48, Nos. 1 2 Wisconsin; see Fig. 3). Enicocephalomorphs often are overlooked in nature, and even actively searching for them when they are known to be present can be fruitless (Schuh 1970, Wygodzinsky and Schmidt 1991). Their small size, viz. less than 7 mm for Nearctic species, and covert habitats may account for this phenomenon, as well as explain the scarcity of records in the literature and comparatively meager representation in biological collections. Case in point, the two major collections in southern Michigan, viz. UMMZ and MSUC, were searched for dry and wet specimens, and no Michigan representatives of the family were found. In addition to the specimens discussed above, I discovered the vestiges of two unverified records of S. biceps in Michigan: 1) In the latter half of 2012, during my time in the UMMZ, an old card catalog from the era pre-dating electronic databases was in the process of being discarded. The cards belonged to the McBee Keysort system of edge-notched cards (Anderson 1953). In the UMMZ, the system likely was implemented during the 1950s or 60s by T. H. Hubbell, Speed Rogers, and/or Roland F. Hussy in an effort to catalog and archive known insect distributions (M. F. O'Brien, pers. comm.). A single rescued card (Fig. 4) indicates that a specimen of Systelloderus [sic] biceps was taken in the E.S. George Reserve of Livingston County, Michigan, on or before 3 September 1952 and subsequently catalogued in the museum's McBee system. Although plausible, as previously mentioned, no voucher specimen could be located. 2) My recent matriculation at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign prompted me to investigate the INHS collection for records of Systelloderes biceps. My search revealed one vial with material from Michigan under Hemiptera: Enicocephalidae. Further investigation showed that the vial contained Figure 3. Current known distribution of Systelloderes biceps by state in the U.S.A. and Canada. 4 The Great Lakes Entomologist, Vol. 48, No. 1 [2015], Art. 1 https://scholar.valpo.edu/tgle/vol48/iss1/1 2015 THE GREAT LAKES ENTOMOLOGIST 5 only one forewing (Fig. 5), although it clearly belongs to an enicocephalid. In addition, the individual may be referred to the genus Systelloderes, owing to the complete Cu, as well as the absence of a m-cu cross vein and, by extension, the ab


When data have a complex manifold structure or the characteristics of data evolve over time, it is unrealistic to expect a graph-based semi-supervised learning method to achieve flawless classification given a small number of initial annotations. To address this issue with minimal human interventions, we propose (i) a sample selection criterion used for active query of informative samples by minimizing the expected prediction error, and (ii) an efficient correction propagation method that propagates human correction on selected samples over a gradually-augmented graph to unlabeled samples without rebuilding the affinity graph. Experimental results conducted on three real world datasets validate that our active sample selection and correction propagation algorithm quickly reaches high quality classification results with minimal human interventions.


Abstract Background Sepsis is common and catastrophic. The usefulness of the qSOFA score has been questioned. Thus far, data on the validity of the instrument have been derived from developed countries. The generalizability to developing countries is unknown. This study aimed to ascertain how "qSOFA" predicted death and need for intensive care in patients at a tertiary hospital in Jamaica. Methods Seven hundred fifty-two patients admitted between January 2015 and December 2016 with a physician determined diagnosis of infection were randomly selected from the electronic medical database. The details of the first 48 hours of their admission were reviewed. Results Most patients were middle-aged females who remained in hospital for an average of 9 days and were managed by Internal Medicine. Two of the most common sites of infection (respiratory and gastrointestinal) were also the two sites associated with the highest risk of death or requiring intensive care. 126 (17%) had a qSOFA score ≥2 at presentation, 4 (0.5%) persons died, and 32 (4%) required admission to ICU. Many more patients met the SIRS criteria than qSOFA at presentation (66% vs. 17%). Meeting the SIRS criteria, however, was not significantly associated with death or needing intensive care. On the other hand, those with a positive qSOFA at presentation were three times more likely to die or need intensive care (OR 3.03; 95% CI 1.1,8.9; P = 0.04). The qSOFA score detected these patients, with a high degree of specificity (84%), especially when utilized at presentation (OR 3.03; 95% CI 1.03–8.92; P = 0.04) and 48 hours after (OR 2.24, 95% CI 0.94–5.37, P = 0.07). The sensitivity of the qSOFA score was poor (39%), but this was improved to 100% when combined with the SIRS score at presentation. There was a suggestion that this combined score also offered the best prognostic accuracy with an AUROC of 0.74 (95% CI 0.66–0.81) when compared with the qSOFA score (AUROC –0.68, 95% CI 0.60–0.76) or SIRS criteria alone (AUROC –0.71, 95% CI 0.63–0.79). However, there was significant overlap of the curves and the differences were not significant. Conclusion Among non-ICU inpatients with infection, the qSOFA score is useful for predicting death and the need for ICU. However, its utility is improved when used alongside and not instead of the SIRS criteria. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.


Catchwords are commonly used by a certain group of people during a certain time.They can reflect how people understand things happened around and their feelings of certain phenomenon.Network catchwords are also a fashion which reflects the life attitude and the mind state of the young group.As a facet of the Chinese language,analyzing metaphors in catchwords in a cognitive perspective,dissecting the cognitive function of metaphors in Chinese catchwords is helpful for probing cognitive functions of metaphors in Chinese in people's daily life.


Tonsillectomy is a controversial subject within veterinary medicine. The lack of studies of the surgical procedure and complications in association with this makes it hard to decide whether the operation is indicated or not in different clinical situations. The complication rate following tonsillectomy in dogs has, to the author's knowledge, not been reported before, but literature within the subject suggests that the rate is low.

Tonsillectomy is indicated mainly when a patient is diagnosed with chronic and/or recurrent non responsive tonsillitis, acute enlargement of the tonsils resulting in difficulty to breath or swallow or neoplasia of the tonsils. However, tonsillitis is most often secondary to other diseases and surgical removal of the tonsils is therefore not a certain cure if a patient is presented with clinical signs which seem to be associated with tonsil enlargement.

Caution is granted at surgery of the head and neck region considering the risk for serious complications such as bleeding and obstruction of the upper airways. Aspiration of blood and in worst case development of shock and death can occur. Within human medicine tonsillectomy is therefore classified as an extensive surgical procedure.

The aim of this retrospective study was to investigate the incidence of intra- and post-operative complications of canine tonsillectomies as well as potential predisposing factors to these complications.

Unlike which was suggested by earlier literature, the results of this study indicated that complications of canine tonsillectomies are relatively common. In most cases the complications were minor, but more serious complications did occur and the surgeon preforming tonsillectomies should be aware of that emergency re-operation can be needed. Complications were observed in 24 out of 66 dogs (36,4 %) in the study. The most common complication was bleeding. Intra-operative bleeding (16,7 %) was more common than post-operative bleeding (7,6 %). Remaining tonsil tissue/regrowth of tonsillar tissue as well as difficulty breathing, pain in the pharynx and vomiting did also occur.

Because of the small study population in this study any potential predisposing factor could not be found.

To more accurately describe the frequency of intra- and postoperative complications of canine tonsillectomy and possible predisposing factors to these complications, additional studies with a larger study population would be required.


ABSTRACT In order to investigate the effect of inner loop current gain coefficient, time lag and levitation current perturbation on the static suspension stability for the maglev vehicle, a vertical vibration model of HSST-type maglev train with five suspension frames was established. The following conclusions are drawn based on the obtained results: for suppressing vehicle-guideway coupling vibration, the gain coefficient of the inner loop should take a large value in the double loop control, such as a value of 300. If one suspension controller has a large time constant delay, such as a value of 4 ms, and the suspension instability will occur for the vehicle. When the levitation current has a large range perturbation, such as a value of 50%, increasing the control frequency of the levitation controller can suppress the vehicle-guideway coupling vibration of the maglev system to a certain extent.


All-solid single-trench-assisted step-index profiles allow to improve properties of standard single-mode fibers. Macro- and micro-bending performances can significantly be increased for direct benefits in optical networks.


The high use of antibiotics inappropriately among the community today causes the problem of antibiotic resistance. Antibiotic resistance occurs when microorganisms have the ability to withstand the effects of an antibiotic drug. This can cause losses in terms of health, economy, and public health. To prevent the inappropriate use of antibiotics, education is carried out on how to use antibiotics wisely, which is good and right. The counseling method in this service activity is the lecture method where this method is good for targets with high and low education, especially the general public. The results that this service was that the community looks enthusiastic about carrying out this community service activity. The conclusion of this activity is that education and counseling can increase public knowledge about the use of antibiotics.


In this paper,the problem of discovering association rules between items in a large database of sales transac- tions is discussed,and a novel algorithm ,BOM(Base On Matrix),is proposed.The Proposed algorithm is fundamen- tally different from the known algorithm Apriori.Empirical evaluation shows that the algorithm outperforms the known one for large databases.


is often produced without much thought. Francine Cicurel, 'Marques et traces de la position de l'autre dans les discours d'enseignement des langues' (93-104), explores didactic elements relating to the multiples atttres involved in language-learning roleplay activities, providing food for thought for anyone involved in this common yet complex activity. From the Deuxieme Partie, Monique Brasquet-Loubeyre, 'Marques de la didacticite dans des discours de vulgarisation scientifique a la radio' (115-25), follows the French tradition of an hude e'nonciativc to good effect, revealing features which seem to be specific to that environment. Genevieve Petiot, 'Neologisme et discours mediatiques: traitement d'atitogestion dans les comptes rendus de congres d'organisations politiques et syndicales' (153-65), takes journalistic discourse as the source for a lexical study. Marie-Sylvie Poli, 'Discours mediatique de la critique d'art: qaund le texte devient le prccepteur du lecteur' (167-75), makes explicit some of the finer points about the nature of didacticity in this subtle field. Overall, I much preferred the second selection of papers to the first, since they at least attempted to examine less predictable areas, despite a persistent tendency to'focus on written text. Other papers are of less immediate interest, but it should not be assumed that because they are not addressed here they are inadequate. For all those dealing with French, discourse analysts, teachers, language specialists and those with an interest in the media, as well as its obvious target audience, those interested in didacticity, this book is well worth its purchase price of 100FF. Carol Bellard-Thomson Language Centre School of Modern Languages Lancaster University (Received 2 August 1995)


An ethnographic study explored the critical evaluations of audience members who viewed an ethnographic performance adapted, directed, and performed by a doctoral student in the Speech Communication Department on the campus of Southern Illinois University at Carbondale. The performance was a one-person show consisting of a series of personal narratives by female exotic dancers which were juxtaposed with excerpts from feminist theoretical discourse. By virtue of this juxtaposition, the narratives argued with and against those feminist perspectives. Evaluative responses were received from 17 undergraduate students who were required to attend the performance and write a critique as a class assignment. Responses were also received from graduate students in the performance studies concentration and three performance studies faculty members, all of whom attended a 1-hour oral critique/discussion following the performance. The majority of the evaluative comments made by the faculty and graduate students during the oral critique focused on the performance as a critical act, while informal comments before the performance raised issues about the performance's academic suitability. More than with any other critical context, the undergraduates' evaluations principally focused on the performance as an aesthetic event. The absence of aesthetic considerations from the faculty and graduate student critiques raises concerns about how the speech communication discipline values aesthetics. (Contains 27 references and 7 notes.) (RS) *********************************************************************** * Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. * *********************************************************************** What's a Nice Scholar Like You Doing with a Topic Like This? Or Interpretive Communities Make Sense -PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE THIS MATERIAL HAS BEEN GRANTED BY TO THE EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC)." U S DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION Oe.cp of Laumonai Rene:lien and impdvemoni EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) .13 This document has been reproduced as iecoved from the person or organization originating It 0 Minor changes have been made to improve reproduction quality. Points of view or opinions stated in this document do not necessarily represent official OERI position or policy Presented at the Speech Communication Association convention, San Antonio, Texas, 19 November, 1995 Lesa I,ockford Speech Communication Department Southern Illinois UniversitN at Carbondale Carbondale, IL 62901 618/453-2291 Lockfordai!siu.edu


In patients with known extramammary malignancies, Metastatic disease should be considered in the differential diagnosis of a palpable breast mass, particularly if there is a history of extramammary malignancy. Breast metastasis is usually indicative of diffuse metastatic disease and a poor prognosis. Biopsy and careful review of previous pathologic material assures prompt treatment and avoids an unnecessary radical operation. Breast metastases from extramammary tumors are rare with few cases reported. Four cases of metastasis to the breast are presented and the diagnostic problems of this condition are reviewed. Correlation between the histology of primary tumor and the cytology of breast metastatic tumors can avoid the surgical breast biopsy and unnecessary mastectomy. In conclusion, Metastasis to the breast has poor prognosis. We report a case of metastasis leukemia to breast presenting as a breast lump.


Abstract To diversify the perceptions of the supervisee's work, the supervisor alternates between the discursive thinking mode that organizes the therapeutic experiences into a therapeutic narrative and the non-discursive thinking mode that enables interpretation of the emotional and artistic aspects of this clinical work. The supervisor also alternates between the self-inclusive, abstract, and objectifying reflective consciousness and the self-exclusive, embodied, and non-objectifying prereflective consciousness that emanates from the merger between the perceiver and the perceived. Moving between different forms of understanding the unfolding therapeutic reality vitalizes the supervisory process because movement is associated with life, whereas stillness symbolizes death. This movement also combines the formalistic and creative, scientific and artistic, and intentional and unintentional aspects of the narrated therapeutic interaction. In addition, diversifying the perceptions of clinical situations helps the supervisee develop autonomy and a unique therapeutic discourse, promotes the supervisory process, and indirectly enriches the analytic culture.


The purpose of this paper is to bring up for discussion mainly phonological traits common to German and Portuguese requiring clarification as to their origin, like the spirantization of the voiced plosives /b,d,g/, and, to some extent, of the uvular vibrant /R/. However, further similarities will be approached as well.


This study examines the relationship between dynamic capabilities (experience, routine, skills, firm characteristics, knowledge and technology) and competitive advantage sustainability in the Egyptian pharmaceutical sector. The data was collected using primary and secondary data sources. Primary data was collected from questionnaires distributed to 160 top managers in 20 pharmaceutical firms. The secondary data about pharmaceutical firms like rankings, revenues and market share was collected from external sources such as Intercontinental Marketing Service (IMS). The questionnaires examine six independent variables based on a five-scale Likert scale. The methodology used in the study is non-probability sampling (judgmental sampling), Cronbach's alpha reliability coefficient and Chi-square tests. The results support the notion that there is a significant relationship between four of the six dynamic capabilities (experience, skills, firm characteristics and knowledge) and the competitive advantage sustainability for pharmaceutical firms in Egypt. Designing the questionnaire and formulating the questions to target the required field was challenging, given that the topic is dynamic and the business scene in Egypt has witnessed drastic political changes since January 2011. The study should assist pharmaceutical companies in Egypt in directing their investments properly and in determining the weaknesses in their dynamic capabilities that need to be addressed.


Laboratory experiments have been devised to make measurements of the visibility of light signals under conditions essentially similar to those encountered by the aviator or the navigator. Data have been collected on the direct visibility of flashing-point sources of light of different colors, flash lengths, and intervals, against different backgrounds. The time taken to locate a visible beacon was studied as a function of the beacon intensity and frequency of flashing.
 The threshold candlepower required for visibility of a point source against a background is given by an empirical equation. Colored point sources were not found to be useful except in the case of red lights with background intensities above moonlight. For an airplane approaching a beacon it is advantageous to use frequencies of flashing as high as 12 to 30 per min., although with exceptionally clear atmosphere, lower frequencies may be better. In a study of the visibility of flashes of diffused light superimposed on a steady white background, white-light flashes gave the best results. A selective differential photoelectric receiver is described which detects signals of modulated diffused light of low intensity. This sensitivity is independent of the steady background brightness up to 100 times moonlight, and is from 6 to 13,000 times as great as that of the eye in the range of background intensity from darkness up to moonlight. The greatest difficulty in transmission of light signals through fog lies in the loss of advantages of the point source. Dense fog may increase the distances at which diffused-light signals may be detected. The range depends to a considerable extent on the reflectivity of the ground. A theoretical treatment of the diffusion of light through fog, based on the scattering of the light rays by fog particles, indicates that airplanes can be guided through fog at distances of several miles by means of diffused modulated light acting on a differential photoelectric receiver.


This paper introduces an efficient technique to design a classifier for identifying radio transmitters with the same model. A new method, square integral bispectra(SIB), is used to extract the unique stray features of individual transmitted signal, and the principal component analysis(PCA) method is utilized further to extract a low-dimensional classification vector. Then,the modulation parameters of individual transmitter significant to classification are combined with the low-dimensional stray features to form a single characteristic feature vector that can effectively represent the target of concern over a broad range of sample data. A support vector machine(SVM) based on Gaussian kernel-function is implemented to realize the individual transmitter classification. The experiments on FSK radio transmitters demonstrate that the suggested technique is highly accurate and robust even in the presence of excessive noise and can solve the problem of identifying individual transmitters with the same model and manufacturing lot.


There is a continuous demand for improvements in the quality of switching power devices, such as higher switching frequency, higher withstand voltage capability, larger current-handling capability, and lower conduction losses. However, for single-conduction-mechanism devices (SCRs, GTOs, BJTs, FETs), possessing all these features is probably unrealizable for physical reasons. An attractive solution appears to be double-mechanism devices, in which the features of both a minority carrier device (BJT or SCR) and a majority carrier device (MOSFET) are embedded. Both IGBTs (insulated-gate bipolar transistors) and MCTs (MOS-controlled thyristors) belong to this family of double-mechanism devices and promise to have a major impact on converter circuit signs. The authors deal with the major features of these two devices, pointing out those that are most critical to the design of power converter topologies. In particular, the two devices have been tested both in a chopper and in two resonant link converter topologies, and the experimental results are reported.<<ETX>>


White mice were subjected to 660 Mev proton doses of 800 and 1000 rads. The mice were killed at various times after the irradiation, and a total of 3000 to 5000 cells from the bone marrow were examined in order to determine the number of degenerate cells, and the mitotic activity of the cells. With a dose of 800 rads, the number of degenerate cells is 2% one hour after the irradiation, and reached a maximum of 5% three hours after the irradiation. The number of degenerate cells then decreases to a normal value two days after the irradiation. With a dose of 1000 rads, the number of damaged cells attains a maximum of 8.5% in three to five hours after the irradation. No mitoses were observed for the first three hours after irradiation. The mitotic activity then began to rise, and attained a normal vaiue after two days. A comparative experiment was run by giving the mice a Co/sup 60/ dose of 800 rads. lt was found that the number of degenerate cells from the Co/sup 60/ irradiation is a factor of at least two greater than the number of degenerate cells observed by proton irradiation at a dosemore » of 800 rads. The relative biological effectiveness of the protons is 0.3, when compared to the effectiveness of the gamma rays. (TTT)« less


Metasurfaces
Metasurfaces have been designed that function as many passive optical elements. Shaltout et al. created a time-dependent active element. A frequency-comb light beam (a light source consisting of a broad range of evenly spaced wavelengths) interacted with a specially designed passive metasurface so that the beam could be rapidly (<8 picoseconds) swept over a broad angle (25°). Such beam-steering capability could directly affect augmented and virtual reality systems.

Science , this issue p. [374][1]

 [1]: /lookup/doi/10.1126/science.aax2357


A 73-year-old woman with a two-year history of recurrent episodes of respiratory distress is described. The finding of an elevated triglyceride value of 23.4 mmol/L (2072 mg/dL) and a normal cholesterol value in her sputum led to the correct diagnosis of chyloptysis after lymphangiography was performed. It is thought that congenital incompetence of the lymphatic valves was the cause of chyloptysis.


where 0 < p < 4 d . It is well known that the Cauchy problem for this equation is globally well-posed in L2. In this paper, we are concerned with two elements of the long-time asymptotic behavior of solutions to this equation in the L2 topology. The first is the question of asymptotic completeness. We say that (1) is asymptotically complete in L2 if for each φ ∈ L2, there exists u+ ∈ L2 so that the global solution u to (1) with u(t = 0) = φ


The study of plant diversity and investigation of home garden potential as conservation site for sandalwood at Teun and Lokomea villages had been carried out at East Nusa Tenggara Province. The result showed that home garden in Teun village have 24 species of plant and in Lokomea village have 31 species of plant. Diversity index in both locations are 1.163 and 1.151 with similarity index is 0.80. Based on purpose of flora at home gardens in both villages are divided in to 3 groups are fruit, commercial (estate crops) and vegetable crops. Majority of the local people in both villages have planted mango, coconut, banana, tamarind and sandalwood at their home gardens.  Result of investigation of home garden potency showed that home garden in both villages have 3 points of strength are ecological, economical and social culture potency so that home garden in both villages can be developed as conservation site for sandalwood.


This paper discusses, how current trends in the area of information, communication and control technologies (ICCT, e.g. Industry 4.0, Cyber-physical systems) are influencing the profile of an educational curriculum in the area of Industrial Automation engineering. The approach implemented by the University of Applied Sciences Emden/Leer in Germany, introducing a dedicated Master degree, as well as different facilities and students projects, is presented as an example.


Zinc plated steel tire cords were treated with RF plasma polymerization coating of acetylene or butadiene in order to enhance adhesion to rubber compounds. Plasma polymerization was carried out as a function of plasma power, treatment tune and gas pressure. In order to maximize adhesion, argon plasma etching was performed, with carrier gas such as argon, nitrogen and oxygen, while the adhesion of tire cords was evaluated via TCAT. Best results were obtained from a combination treatment of argon etching (90 W. 10 min, 30 mTorr) and acetylene plasma polymerization coating (10 W, 30 sec, 30 mTorr) with argon carrier gas (25/5:acetylene/argon). These samples exhibited a pull out force of 285N which is comparable to that obtained from the brass plated tire cords (290N).


Reference is made to the characteristics of the main materials employed in the building together with details of the ?ecological? or gardened roof and a summary of the electrical, air-conditioning, fire safety and communication installations.


Programmers regularly use search as part of the development process, attempting to identify an appropriate API for a problem, seeking more information about an API, and seeking samples that show how to use an API. However, neither general-purpose search engines nor existing code search engines currently fit their needs, in large part because the information programmers need is distributed across many pages. We present Assieme, a Web search interface that effectively supports common programming search tasks by combining information from Web-accessible Java Archive (JAR) files, API documentation, and pages that include explanatory text and sample code. Assieme uses a novel approach to finding and resolving implicit references to Java packages, types, and members within sample code on the Web. In a study of programmers performing searches related to common programming tasks, we show that programmers obtain better solutions, using fewer queries, in the same amount of time spent using a general Web search interface.


Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is one of the endocrine disorders in women of reproductive age. Women with this syndrome may have infrequent menstrual periods due to excess androgen levels. It is important to make an early diagnosis in order to prevent early and late sequel of the syndrome. To assess the level of knowledge, awareness, prevalence and risk factors of PCOS among South Indian region, to identify factors that influenced the awareness, and to improve health care. This is a cross sectional online and offline study was conducted for a period of 8months (October 2021 to May 2022) among South Indian region womens whose age ranged between 18 to 45 years. Women demographic characteristics, reproductive health, knowledge, awareness, prevalence, risk factors of PCOS were analysed through an Online/Google form validated questionnaire. The outcomes of the study indicates that majority of the women 69.81 % (155) participants were under 20 years of age and 30.18% (67) were above 20 years of age, 73% (162) participants had good knowledge about PCOS, and 25.9% (42) participants were aware that menstrual irregularity is a symptom of PCOS. While only 16.2% (36) participants had believed that PCOS may lead to infertility, 13.1% (29) participants are believed that medications as treatment for PCOS, 3.2% (07) participants felt hypertension as risk factor of PCOS, 92.9% (206) participants felt none of them are risk factors of PCOS, and 41% (91) participants had believed that PCOS can treated with allopathy method. Conclusively, the present study observed that the current level of awareness on PCOS among the South-Indian population is still in low key though relatively better than past decades. With regard to knowledge and attitudes of PCOS, patients are still in the grey zone which could be overcome by extensive awareness programme. The present study emphasized the need to health education and awareness programmes to be incorporated in educational system improve to combat the low knowledge among rural population especially utilizing different sources, targeted approach to provide clear, appropriate and tangible information and preventive measures. Keywords: PCOS, excess androgens, menstrual irregularity, awareness, knowledge, prevalence and risk factors.


Objective To investigate the mechanism,diagnosis,and treatment of shunt dependency syndrome in patients with temporal lobe arachnoid cysts who were initially treated with cystoperitoneal (CP) shunting.Methods Thirteen patients with temporal lobe arachnoid cysts who had initially been with CP shunts placement and had developed shunt dependency syndrome were treated by the authors at Tiantan Hospital between April 2010 and January 2012.The clinical manifestation,neuroimaging findings,intracranial pressure (ICP) data,treatment methods,and therapeutic results were reviewed retrospectively.Results The study included 10 males and 3 females.The mean age at the time of development of shunt dependency was 12.3 years (range 5.5-24.0years).In most patients,neuroimaging findings showed a collapsed cyst (the cyst appeared almost unchanged in only one patient) and normal or small ventricles (only one patient had enlarged ventricles).Three patients underwent simple replacement of the shunt,four underwent ventriculoperitoneal shunt placement,and the other six underwent lumboperitoneal shunt placement.All patients experienced resolution of their symptoms postoperatively.The mean duration of follow-up was 20 months.Conclusions Shunt dependency syndrome was a rare but serious complication of cystoperitoneal (CP) shunting for arachnoid cysts.The condition was similar to the slit ventricle syndrome,but also had some differences.ICP monitoring could confirm the diagnosis when there was no significant radiological findings.

Key words:
Arachnoid cyst ;  Cyst-peritoneal shunting;  Shunt dependency ;  Mechanism


The biopolymer chitosan (CS) has been widely studied for various environmental and biomedical applications. However, the production of homogeneous CS solutions with high concentrations and the preparation of CS hollow-fiber membranes with high mechanical strengths for practical applications have been a great challenge so far. In this study, a novel dilute-dissolution and evaporating-concentration method was developed to allow highly concentrated homogeneous CS solutions to be easily prepared (up to 18 wt % as compared to ≤5 wt % prepared by the conventional method). CS hollow-fiber membranes prepared from high-concentration CS solutions showed greatly improved mechanical strengths (with tensile strengths up to 3.4 MPa), comparable to or even better than other hollow fibers made from many conventional industrial synthetic polymers. The prepared hollow-fiber membranes were found to possess very high adsorption capacities for heavy-metal ions (up to 206.6 mg of Cu2+/g of CS fiber at pH 5), which were attributed to the low crystallinity of CS and the porous structure achieved in the hollow-fiber membranes. As a potential application example, the performance of the prepared hollow fibers for the adsorption of copper ions in real wastewater from a wafer fabrication factory in Singapore was also examined. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010


Can large language models, working with tokenized text, effectively compare strings and accurately model the comparison in structured forms like alignment tables and the TEI critical apparatus? The answer is no, or not very well, but that answer helps to illuminate a remarkable strength and versatility of declarative markup, when deliberately introduced to imperative programs. We can see how declarative methods control the imperative machinery of a complex collation process in the Frankenstein Variorum project. The key question or provocation is whether "artificial intelligence" in our time can be improved by returning to its declarative origins, to make room for the authority of domain experts to control an otherwise unwieldy stochastic process that poses as a voice of reason.


Each petroleum accumulation in the subsurface is the source af persistent efflux of hydrocarbons into surroundings due to existing concentration and pressure gradients.


Rosolic acid reacted with acetic anhydride to synthesize rosolic acid-triacelate ester [tri(4-acetoxy) phenyl methane] under reflux condition.The product was characterized by means of UV-Vis,infrared spectroscopy and 1HNMR(nuclear magnetic resonance).An ultraviolet-visible absorption spectroscopy way was employed to optimize the reaction conditions.Influences of reaction time,solvent proportion,and reactant ratio on the reaction were discussed in detail.The experimental results showed that yield of the product was 54.6% under the optimum conditions.


The CoFe2∕CoFe2O4 system has been considered for use as hard electrodes in spin valve devices. In this letter, we focus on the nature and intensity of the magnetic exchange coupling between the two phases. CoFe2∕CoFe2O4 and CoFe2O4∕CoFe2 bilayers were fabricated by pulsed laser deposition from a metallic CoFe2 alloy target in a vacuum and in an O2:N2 oxidizing atmosphere for the metallic and oxide layers, respectively. Depending upon the elaboration conditions, three different coupling behaviors have been observed: Ferromagnetic, biquadratic, and antiferromagnetic. The minor loop shift and the apparent coercive field of the metal observed in the first two cases are of several hundreds of Oe for a metal thickness of 10nm. Those very large loop shifts and coercive fields confirm the potential usefulness of this system in terms of applications.


In this paper we prove some common fixed point theorems for two and four self-mappings using rational type contraction and some newly notified definitions in partially ordered metric space. In this way we generalized, modify, and extend some recent results due to Chandok and Dinu [14], Shantanwi and Postolache[28] and many others [1, 2, 4, 5, 21, 29, 30], thus generalizing results of Cabrea, Harjani and Sadarangani [12] as well as Dass and Gupta [15]  in the context of partial order metric setting.