(or, what is the same, dimension of the multilinear component of the corresponding free algebra), is equal to 2 − n. In fact, this was proved earlier by Lopatin (see [Lopatin 2005, §7, Remark 2]): he computes the corresponding dimension for the variety of associative algebras satisfying the identity x3 = 0, what for multilinear components is equivalent to the corresponding dimensions of its full linearization (*). Lopatin's proof consists of computer calculations for small values of n (as we did in [Dzhumadil'daev and Zusmanovich 2011]), and an argument based on the composition (=diamond) lemma reducing the general case to the cases of small n's. Thanks are due to Ivan Kaygorodov for bringing this fact to our attention, and to Artem Lopatin for explaining some points of [Lopatin 2005]. Recently, a more general result was established by [Dotsenko]. Dotsenko's proof utilizes a generalization of composition lemma for operads, and does not depend on any computer calculations.


Org 10172 provided adequate anticoagulation for this patient. An excellent correlation between anti-factor Xa activity and ACT was observed at the doses used for CPB. If high-dose Org 10172 is used, these data suggest that it may be possible to circumvent the measurement of anti-factor Xa activity by using the ACT as an index of this heparinoid's anticoagulant effect. Because postoperative bleeding may be excessive, however, development of a method of reversal of Org 10172 is desirable. Although the optimal ACT, dose, plasma concentration, and means of reversal (e.g., protamine vs. heparinase) remains to be determined, heparinoids provide an alternate means of anticoagulation for CPB in patients unable to receive standard heparin.


Subtitled the reconstruction of the social organization of a mesolithic culture in Northern Europe', this book is based on a structural analysis of the Ulkestrup Huts in Central Zealand. The distribution patterns of microliths and arrangement of hearths, bark floors and other patterned evidence are compared with all the available evidence from northern Europe to suggest some general patterns and possible future directions for research.


Abstract In this article, the classification, synthesis, properties, and applications of responsive microgels fabricated with gold (Au) nanostructures have been systematically reviewed. Microspheres, core-shell, core-shell-shell, hollow rings, and yolk-shell are different types of hybrid microgels containing Au nanostructures that have been reported in the literature. Hybrid microgels have tunable properties of both Au nanomaterial and smart polymeric material. Due to this unique combination, hybrid microgels containing Au nanomaterial are potential candidates for applications in drug delivery, photothermal therapy, glucose sensing, insulin delivery, catalysis, photonics, and ultrasensitive analyte analysis. Recent research progress in the design, characterization, and applications of Au nanomaterial containing smart polymer microgels has been described here. Many gaps in the literature and future perspectives of Au nanomaterial-based hybrid microgels have been highlighted in this review, which will be helpful for the people working in this area to plan their future work.


We calculate the distribution of the stress intensity factor for a semiinfinite tensile crack with a slightly curved front embedded in some infinite medium, up to second order in the deviation from straightness. From there, we determine the equilibrium shape of the front of the crack when it propagates along a heterogeneous fracture plane, up to second order in the toughness fluctuations. As a first application, we show that the "apparent fracture toughness" experienced by a crack propagating in a randomly heterogenous material is slightly less than the rigorous average value of the local toughness. As a second application, we determine the equilibrium shape of a crack front penetrating into an infinitely elongated harder obstacle.


The wealth of theoretical and phenomenological information about Quantum Chromodynamics at short and long distances collected so far in major collider measurements has profound implications in cosmology. We provide a brief discussion on the major implications of the strongly coupled dynamics of quarks and gluons as well as on effects due to their collective motion on the physics of the early universe and in astrophysics.


Today we shall allow ourselves to celebrate in appreciation of the result that we have achieved together. To further develop and improve international law and build norms is an obligation we have. We should all be committed to conduct our multilateral work constructively. During these two weeks in Dublin we have demonstrated our ability to do so. Let us bring with us that spirit to other multilateral fora.


The turbine oil of unit no.3 in one power plant had been seriously deteriorated only after three months in operation.For this,oil quality analysis and rotary oxygen bomb test have been carried out.The results show that the main causes leading to oil deterioration are very poor oxidation resistant capability of the new oil and the residual products of deterioration in the system after replacement of new oil,resulting in decrease of fragmenting emolsion capability of the newly replaced oil.For this,after oil treatment in operation by using QZZ-6 turbine oil regeneration equipment,the bad influence of residual organic ester and oil sludge in the oil system upon the oil quality has been thoroughly eliminated.It is recommended that the rotary oxygen bomb test should be carried out during acceptance of new oil in power plant,taking the rotary bomb value greater than 300 min as the acceptance standard,ensuring the oxidation resistant performance of new oil to meet the requirements.


Output control of a wind power generating system with a battery load by fuzzy control Tatsuji Tanaka, Member, Tatsumi Toumiya, Member (Aran College of Technology) Takayuki Suzuki, Member (Tokushima University) In this paper, concerning wind power generating system in which batteries are connected to D.C. generator for load, development of control method and investigation on output characteristic by simulation were carried out. This control method is possible to take out wind energy effectively, using fuzzy reasoning by measurement of wind speed and windmill speed. Firstly, the stationary characteristics of the system were investigated in order to decide membership function. The windmill speed at stationary condition and batteries voltage which gives output (of generator) maximum were decided according to the windmill speed which is divided 5 classes according to struggle. Fuzzy rules were experiential decided as follows ; when there is a windmill speed to an acceleration state, windmill seed takes priority to control rules. On the contrary, when there is a windmill speed to slowdown state, wind speed takes it. As the results of investigation, effectiveness of output control by fuzzy reasining was confirmed for both cases of wind speed is fluctuating sinusoidally or for natural wind or wind speed is varying like natural wind. Especially, at the time of fluctuating wind speed, when frequency of wind speed becomes lower, effectiveness of output control becomes larger. In addition, for natural wind which was measured practically, it was made clear that larger energy generation is possible by practicing output control compared to constant load battery voltage.


Objective: Using chitosan as shell materials and pig thymosin as core materials,to prepare thymosin microspheres through W/O emulsion cross-linking method combined with simple coacervation.Methods: In order to determine the best preparation condition and conduct studies on release and stability of thymosin-loadedchito san microspheres in vitro,orthogonal experiment was designed based on four factors,including the concentration of chitosan,quantity of glutaraldehyde,oil/water ratio,and chitosan/thymosin ratio.Results: The best preparation condition was as follows: 1% chitosan,7% glutaraldehyde(25%),2∶1 oil/water,1∶1 chitosan/thymosin.The release rate of microspheres was 30% in 2 h with pH1.5 HCl,and ultimately reached to 80% in 24 h with pH6.8 as well as pH7.4 in PBS buffer solution.The burst release rate was about 10% in 30 min and release rate reached to 20% in 1 h,and thenceforth the microspheres exhibited a slow and sustaining release rate.The appearance and shape of the microspheres hadn't changed significantly stored at 0℃ for 8 months and the remaining rate of drug was 91.8%.Conclusion: Thymosin microspheres prepared through W/O emulsion cross-linking method combined with simple coacervation has important practical values and social significances,laying a theoretical foundation for the clinical application of slow-release drug delivery system.


which estimated the rate to be 1%. Only one previous European study has been performed; in 59 German nurseries, 1 carrier among 224 asymptomatic children (0.5%) was found; however, children were older than those in our population (0–6 year olds). Of interest, characterisation of the carrier strains showed an epidemiology similar to that of the strains involved in French HUS (mainly O157:H7, O26:H11 and O80:H2). The patient with STEC characteristics showed that the sibling rate was higher for patients with STEC, which may suggest intrafamiliar transmission. Clinicians should be aware that asymptomatic STEC carriage exists but is very rare in infants, and considering this very low rate of STEC carriage and the potential severity of the infection among children under 3 years of age, it is necessary to strictly monitor the clinical course of patients with a stxpositive PCR in stools.


The area of fiber lasers has undergone rapid developments in recent years. Gone are the days when fiber lasers were seen as something of an irrelevant curiosity, offering interesting performance features, but always with power levels or other performance limitations, that made them unsuitable for all but a few applications. Improvements in the area of high-power, high-brightness semiconductor pump lasers, and the development of techniques, such as cladding-pumping, have changed this viewpoint markedly. Most significantly, fiber lasers have shed the "low power" label and it is now widely appreciated that the heat-dissipation characteristics of the fiber environment, coupled with the high efficiencies demonstrated (in excess of 80%), actually make fiber lasers a preferred candidate for many high-power applications. Moreover, major advances in fiber Bragg grating fabrication and more sophisticated fiber designs and pump coupling techniques, have at the same time improved device performance and increased the versatility, functionality and practicality of the technology; allowing the development of a broad range of robust, practical optical sources.


Monstrosity, a feature that throughout Western culture has been hidden, denied and displayed, is still persistently shown despite the concealment; it is disclosed in various artistic, literary and film expressions. This paper, derived from a research of the same name -and submitted as final work for the Master's degree on Aesthetics at Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Medellin-, is mainly focused on the photographic work of the American artist, Diane Arbus. We discuss Diane Arbus's unique and peculiar way of seeing the world, the different faces of monstrosity and difference, as well as those of normality and otherness.


The hydrogeology and hydrogeochemistry of a possible geothermal system near Deeth, Nevada, was studied. The structure is Paleozoic thrust faults overprinted by Miocene listric normal faulting. Hydrogeochemical analyses show geothermal fluids to be sodium-bicarbonate water, probably of meteoric origin. Silica geothermometry predicts a reservoir temperature of 165/sup 0/C (329/sup 0/F). A Paleozoic sedimentary range block is separated by the north-trending, down-to-east, Miocene-Pliocene Marys River Fault Zone from a Tertiary basin-fill sequence. Allochthonous Western Facies rocks at Twin Buttes were emplaced by the Roberts Mountain Thrust. Eastward thrusted upper Paleozoic units are exposed in the Peko Hills. A thick bimodal, Oligocene-Pliocene volcanic sequence covers the area's northwest corner. Miocene Humboldt Formation, a tuffaceous, fluviatile/lacustrine basin-fill, onlaps the range block and thickens basinward. Quaternary hot spring deposits occur along the Marys River Fault Zone. The proposed model calls for deep circulation of meteoric water along the Marys River Fault Zone. Surface water from the Marys River percolates down the fault and is heated to approximately 165/sup 0/ (329/sup 0/F). Thermal water migrates laterally, then rises back up the fault, causing three thermal anomalies. Leakage of geothermal fluid into the Humboldt Formation creates broad, low-temperature anomalies. The high-temperature reservoir is fractured rock alongmore » the Marys River Fault Zone.« less


Experiments on glassy rhyolite- and phenocrystic andesite-seawater interactions were carried out at 300°C and 1, 000b using Dickson-type gold bag equipments. Chemical reactions in rhyolite-seawater interaction proceeded very rapidly and a steady state was attained within about 48h. Andesite-seawater interaction, however, proceeded very slowly and a steady state was not attained within the run period of 7, 090h. Rhyolite and glass, augite and hypersthene in andesite were altered into smectite. Seawater lost most Mg2+ and SO42- and become acid Na-K-Ca-Cl-type solution through the reactions. The experimental result suggests that two stage alteration episodes existed in Kuroko-type mineralization. The present experimental solutions reproduced the chemical composition of a deep hot water from a bore hole drilled into andesitic geothermal area of southern Kyushu. However, shallow thermal waters discharging from andesitic volcanic rocks along some coastal areas of Japan cannot be explained as direct products of high-temperature interaction of seawater and fresh acid volcanic rocks.


Sir, The emerging H7N9 influenza is a significant infectious disease.[1] This infection is classified as an atypical cross-species influenza infection. It is belongs to the bird flu group and can result in mortality. The underlying genetic pathological disorder in this new influenza is very interesting. The topic of focus is the emerging problem of antiviral drug resistance. The drug resistance problem has just been referred to since July 2012.[2,3] The newly discovered genetic mutant, R282K, is a new issue in infectious genetics.[3] Here, the authors perform a study to assess the structural aberration in the R282K genetic mutation. A significant aberration in the secondary structure can be seen and this is believed to be the underlying pathological process for the antiviral drug-resistance in H7N9 bird flu.


A three-dimensional structure consisting of atomically dispersed Fe, N-doped hollow carbon nanospheres linked by carbon nanotubes was engineered as an electrocatalyst showing a high activity for oxygen reduction reaction.


This study serves as a nationally representative retrospective cohort of U.S emergency department visits related to facial lacerations caused by recreational activities. The aim of this work is to offer a representative sample of facial laceration and identify the recreational activities associated with the highest risk of such injuries. We conducted aretrospectivestudy of patients reported to the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS) which collects information on injuries related to consumer products. Patients were included in our dataset from the time period of 2012 to 2021 if they sustained a facial laceration that was caused by a recreational activity. Our findings reveal 2,383,761 facial lacerations between the study period examined. Young male white adults were more likely to sustain a facial laceration related to recreational activities. Injuries related to exercise equipment were also more likely seen in male patients. The most common cause of facial lacerations was associated with bicycles and basketball. This study found that young white adults are notably prone to facial lacerations, with recreational activities such as bicycling and basketball accounting for the majority of cases. Understanding these statistics is pivotal for implementing targeted strategies to prevent these injuries and their associated consequences.


Aims:  To quantitatively analyse the faecal bacterial communities of Holstein calves and track their succession up to 12 weeks of age.


A composition containing milnacipran and idazoxan for simultaneous, separate or staggered use as a combined pharmaceutical preparation in antidepressive therapy, is disclosed.


Pervasive communications are greatly affected by mobility issues. Users often move and that implies different devices and networks to become available dynamically. Terminal handovers and session migrations could negatively impact the enjoyment of multimedia content in such scenarios. In this paper, we introduce the concept of Personal Address and proposed a mobility framework around it, which accounts for all aspects of mobility. Moreover, we describe an implementation of this framework for interactive Voice-over-IP and for streaming applications; finally, we report the results from our experimental testbed. Today a large number of electronic devices are capable of multimedia rendering and networking; moreover, a large number of wireless networks (both public and private) can guarantee an almost ubiquitous coverage. That leads towards pervasive networking: users are surrounded by a number of communication devices, which can be used to get connected anywhere and anytime. This evolution has leveraged the interest in new networking paradigms based on user-centric approaches, where users are at the center of the network, device and multimedia worlds. For what concerns the networking aspects, users would like to move across networks and devices while maintaining their sessions active; that requires identifying the user and lo- cating him within the system (personal mobility), providing the service independently of user's location/terminal (service portability), retaining connectivity while handing off among heterogeneous networks (terminal mobility) and transferring on-going sessions among different terminals (session migra- tion). Thus, mobility is a key issue to bring pervasiveness in communications. In this paper, we propose a cross-layer mobility framework to address the issue of dynamic networking in pervasive communication. The core of our framework is the concept of Personal Address (1), i.e. a network address associated to the user rather than to a physical device. It enables to deal efficiently terminal handover and session migration mostly at the network layer, although some assistance from higher layers is required to cope with application-specific issues. Further, the framework could help in managing service portability by adapting the content to the current context. Our work is specifically targeted to multimedia scenarios, where the main constraints concern seamless and real-time networking of media streams. The framework is quite general and can be used for different applications; we show how it could be used in both interactive communication and media streaming 1 . The Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) (2) is used for Voice-over-IP (VoIP) interactive communications, while the Real-Time Streaming Protocol (RTSP) (3) is our choice for media streaming delivery. The paper is organized as follows. Section II provides a brief review about the most recent paradigms for session migration and mobility management for the protocols under consideration. Section III discusses the motivation and the architecture of the proposed mobility framework, while Sec- tion IV describes its current implementation and its integration with SIP for interactive Voice-over-IP sessions and RTSP for streaming applications. We provide performance analysis for our current implementation both in a local environment and over the Internet in Section V. Finally, we give our conclusions in Section VI.


The current social and economic trends motivated a need to adapt the law of contracts to new realities, surpassing the classical models. The Argentine Civil and Commercial Code (2015) and the French Reform of the Law of Contracts (2016) offer a specific regulation of long-term relationships aimed at providing stability to contractual relationships and at solving the problems resulting from the passage of the time. Renegotiation in good faith becomes a new obligation on contracting parties.


Public transport plays an important role in fulfilling the travel needs of people in cities of the developing world. For most cities, notwithstanding the availability of different modes, which include conventional buses, midi and minibuses and paratransit systems, the public transport system is increasingly becoming inadequate, inefficient, unreliable and unaffordable. The choice on the public transport mode to use is therefore depended on both quality and affordability. With increases in public transport fares, the spectrum of choice has expanded to include non-motorized means of transport such as cycling and walking. The paper examines modal choice, affordability and perceptions of commuters in a low-income high-density residential corridor in Harare (Zimbabwe) within the context of a difficult macro-economic environment. Residents are spending more than half of their earnings on public transport and responding to the situation by devising coping strategies.


Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the degrees of and relationships between self-leadership, stress of clinical practice and self-disclosure in a group of college female students. Methods: Data were collected from 258 participants with self-report questionnaires in August, 2011. Results: There were significant differences in the level of `self-leadership` depending on `interpersonal relationships`, `application motivation`, `satisfaction with nursing as a major` and `satisfaction in clinical practice`. And also there was significant difference in the level of `self-disclosure` depending on `interpersonal relationships`. But there was no significant difference in the level of `stress of clinical practice` depending on general characteristics of participants. There were significant correlations between `self-leadership` and self-disclosure, `stress of clinical practice` and `self-disclosure`. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that it is needed to develop diverse programs that can reduce the stress of clinical practice by strengthening the capacity of self-leadership and self-disclosure.


Student Learning Assessment: Assessment Devise: Standard College grading scale will be used. The following items will be graded accordingly and will carry the assigned grading values: A) Quizzes and homework 200 pts B) Student participation/discussions 100 pts C) Research project 100 pts D) Tests 200 pts E) Final Exam 100 pts Total Points 700 pts Passing grades for this course range from "A" through "D". Grade values are as follows: A = 90-100% B = 80-89% C = 70-79% D = 60-69% F = 59% or less


TA 2-1083, under which RFSA processing is conducted, calls for a nominal mercuric ion concentration in the dissolver solution of 0.006M with a maximum of 0.01 M. The second RFSA campaign operated according to these guidelines with the initial Hg(II) concentration being 0.0068 M. Part of this study is to ascertain optimum excess Hg(I) for chloride removal.


The online transportation service that is popular and often used by the public is Gojek. Every customer has different feedback on Gojek's services. The quality of services provided can influence the level of customer satisfaction. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the prediction of the level of satisfaction of GoRide. This study uses the Support Vector Machine (SVM) method to predict it. The object was the students of IST AKPRIND Yogyakarta. The results of the classification of the level of consumer satisfaction on GoRide use the SVM method, which uses a linear kernel function with Cost = 0.1 and testing data of 25%, producing an accuracy rate of 100%. SVM with RBF kernel function, with a value of Cost = 100 and gamma = 0.00026, makes an accuracy rate of 88.46%. The classification results are that 76.69% of respondents stated that they were satisfied and delighted with the GoRide service. Meanwhile, a total of 23.30% of respondents indicated that they were dissatisfied and very dissatisfied with GoRide's services. This proves that the SVM method can predict the classification of the level of consumer satisfaction with GoRide services very well.


'By contrast, bilastine at a concentration of 100 μM did not significantly modify the concentration–response curves induced by serotonin, bradykinin, leukotriene D4, calcium chloride, acetylcholine, noradrenaline and isoproterenol in different isolated organs from rats, guinea-pigs and rabbits indicating that it does not show antagonist activity at 5-HT2A receptors, bradykinin B1-receptors, LTD4 receptors, N-type voltage-dependent calcium receptors, muscarinic M2-and M3-receptors and a1and b2-adrenoceptors [20].' In Section 6.1 Preclinical in vitro experiments, the sentence which reads: 'The IC50 for blockade of hERG currents in human cardiac myocytes was 6.5 μM for bilastine.' should read 'human embryonic cells (HEK-293)' instead of human cardiac myocytes. The corrected sentence should read as follows:


Abshucf-The continued assembly and operation of the International Space Station (ISS) is the cornerstone within NASA's overall Strategic Plan. As indicated in NASA's Integrated Space Transportation Plan (ISTP), the International Space Station requires Shuttle to fly through at least the middle of the next decade to complete assembly of the Station, provide crew transport, and to provide heavy lift up and down mass capability. The ISTP reflects a tight coupling among the Station, Shuttle, and other programs to support OUT Nation's space goals. While the Shuttle is a critical component of this ISTP, there is a new emphasis for the need to achieve greater efficiency and safety in transporting crews to and from the Space Station. This need is being addressed through the Orbital Space Plane (OSP) Program, recently redefined as the Crew Exploration Vehicle (CEV). However, the OSPKEV is being designed to "complement" the Shuttle as the primary means for crew transfer, and will not replace all the Shuttle's capabilities. The unique heavy lift capabilities of the Space Shuttle is essential for both ISS, as well as other potential missions extending beyond low Earth orbit. One concept under discussion to better fulfill this role of a heavy lift camer, is the transformation of the Shuttle to an "tu-piloted" autonomous system. This concept would-eliminate .the loss of crew risk, while providing a substantial increase in payload to orbit capability. Using the guidelines reflected in the NASA ISTP, the autonomous Shuttle a simplified concept of operations can he described as; "a re-supply of cargo to the ISS through the use of an un-piloted Shuttle vehicle from launch through landing". Although this is the primary mission profile, the other major consideration in developing an autonomous Shuttle is maintaining a crew


In this project, a prototype called 'Robotic Arm Spy Tanker' is developed to
operate several functions such as to take or hold an object and also to move an object
to another position. This prototype used DC motors for movement in every angle of
the Robotic Arm. In this case, five DC motors are used for the movement .of Robotic
Arm and another two DC motors are used for the movement of the wheels. The
prototype is controlled using a computer through an interfacing program developed.
RF Transmitter-Receiver is used as a wireless connectivity between the prototype
and the computer. The distance between prototype and computer is limited by the
range of the RF transmitter-1eceiver. The prototype is established by combining the
hardware and software in order to function completely.


A review of optical range sensing techniques for machine vision is given. Four basic categories of range sensing techniques are discussed: geometric techniques, time-of-flight techniques, interferometric techniques, and diffraction techniques. The basic principles are elucidated, and general comparisons are made between the groups. Representative examples are given of many different approaches. The challenge for optics and optical computing is to develop new range sensors that are fast and accurate and require little or no post-detection processing.


ABSTRACT Alewives were collected by nighttime gill netting during summer 1999 from 12 Connecticut lakes that support landlocked populations to determine relationships between population characteristics and physicochemical lake variables. Mean catch-per-unit-effort (CPUE) ranged from 0.2 to 16.4 age-1 and older alewives per net hour. Maximum ages of alewives among lakes ranged from two to five years, and mean back-calculated length-at-age-1, used to index growth rate, ranged from 78 to 146 mm. Mean back-calculated length-at-age-1 was positively correlated with mean relative condition factor (Kn), watershed area:lake surface area ratio, watershed area:lake volume ratio, lake surface area:lake volume ratio, conductivity, total nitrogen, alkalinity, calcium, magnesium, and chlorophyll a, and negatively correlated with retention time, maximum lake depth, mean lake depth, and transparency. Mean Kn ranged from 0.93 to 1.23 and was positively correlated with mean back-calculated length-at-age-1, watershed area:lake volume ratio, lake surface area:lake volume ratio, total nitrogen, chlorophyll a, and potassium, and negatively correlated with maximum lake depth and transparency. Growth and Kn of alewives were highest in shallow, productive lakes with low transparencies. CPUE was not related to growth rate or to any physicochemical lake variable.


The flotation of tin slime is difficult, reagent cost is high, and recovery rate is low.The flotation foam of a certain tin slime sinking sample served as the carrier to lead the fine cassiterite in overflow sample, thus the branch carrier flotation experiment was conducted.Tin concentrate with grade of 39.73% and recovery rate of 84.37% was obtained after conventional flotation of sinking sample.The tin recovery rate of overflow carrier flotation experiment increased by 15% than conventional flotation, thus the increase of tin slime recovery rate was achieved.


Mg2+ and Eu3+ co-doped ZnO (ZMEO) with novel flower-like morphology has been prepared by an environmentally friendly method. The effect of Mg2+ co-doping on the Eu3+ emission has been investigated in detail. It is interestingly noted that the emission of ZMEO demonstrates a blue shift of band edge emission and a dramatic sharp red luminescence originating from intra-4f shell transition of D-5(0)-F-7(2) and D-5(0)-F-7(0) when excited with 325 nm wavelength at room temperature. Further studies show that defect complexes, i.e., oxygen vacancies and surface defects caused by Mg doping, serve as the energy storage centers to mediate the energy transfer from the ZnO host to the Eu3+ ion, which can strongly enhance the Eu3+ emission. This study suggests that impurity engineering is an effective way to enhance the Eu3+ emission intensity, which could prompt future applications of rare-earth doped ZnO nanomaterials in advanced display and lighting application.


Objectives: To propose an energy efficient Swarm based Optimization method. Methods/Statistical Analysis: In this research, a set of tasks and servers are taken as Input. The data center server energy consumption is taken as the output of the algorithm. The processing time may vary according to the number of tasks given. Task allocation is done in such a way that most-efficient-server gets the tasks first. If, average job density is low, i.e. then it works on the same system and if the value is high then it moves to next one. The algorithm follows a scheduling and divides the jobs into servers and start execution of the job tasks. Findings: In this paper, an ant colony algorithm is proposed to efficiently allocate tasks to virtual machines, which allocates resources based on the available resources and the energy consumption of each virtual machine. This ACO algorithm is implemented, executed, and evaluated using the experiments in Cloud Sim. Reduced power consumption, with throughput has been obtained. Application/Improvements: Less SLA violation has been obtained with good response time.


We demonstrate a novel, automatic all-optical detection scheme in a polarization-division-multiplexing (PDM) system using power unbalanced transmission. Concept proof with >30-dB ER between orthogonal polarization states and 1.12-Tb/s (14times2times40-Gb/s) PDM transmission over 62-km link is demonstrated.


The Grenvillites were one of the more durable and long lasting of the political groups or factions which functioned within the Westminster scene during the first three decades of the nineteenth century. Yet several years before the Reform Bill of 1832 substantially reduced their borough strength in the House of Commons, the Grenvillites as a group had ceased playing even a peripherally important role in the political nation. The decline of this faction illustrates one of the problems implicit in a system which places emphasis upon a great peer or wealthy Commoner acting as paterfamilias of a political clique. It is all very well when there exists an individual of some talent or even a moderate degree of gravitas to lead the group, but what will follow when an internal shift within the faction throws up a total incompetent, who neither properly prunes nor tends his preserve, to run the corporate affairs? This article will examine how such an occurrence overtook the Grenvillites during the years after 1817.


Chemical studies of the heaviest elements with atomic numbers Z  101 provide not only crucial and challenging opportunities to advance our understanding of properties of matter at the limits of existence but also those to elucidate the influence of relativistic effects on atomic electrons and to architect the periodic table of the elements at the farthest reach. These elements are all man-made ones synthesized at accelerators using nuclear reactions of heavy-ion beams with heavy element target materials. As both half-lives and production rates of these nuclides are rapidly decreasing, they are usually available in quantities of only a few atoms or often one atom at a time. Here, we briefly introduce recent highlighted chemistry experiments conducted by state-of-the-art rapid chemical separation apparatuses. ARTICLE


High frequency field expressions are derived around feed point of a three dimensional Cassegrain system using the Maslov's method. Maslov's method is a systematic procedure for predicting the field in the caustic region. It combines the simplicity of ray theory and generality of the transform method. Numerical computations are made for the analysis of field pattern around the caustic of a Cassegrain system.


As the world becomes more urbanized, key abiotic factors in cities differ strongly compared to those in adjacent wildlands. This is especially important in desert cities, which are rapidly urbanizing and understudied when compared to cities adjacent to temperate forests. While a taxonomic understanding of how this shift in abiotic factors affects ecological communities is important, a trait-based approach may be more comprehensive and reveal potential mechanisms of environmental filtering. Bees are particularly vulnerable to the effects of urbanization and land use change. In this study, I assess body size and life-history traits of bee in Albuquerque, New Mexico and an adjacent wildland desert. I found that bees at urban sites had 12% larger wing-bud distances and 28% larger body weights when compared to wildland sites. Life-history traits also varied across urban and wildland sites, with urban sites having 25% more bee species with specialized diets and 41% more bee species which were solitary. Overall, the urban sites had a distinct trait signature when compared to wildland sites, but one which also did not match the findings of previous studies. These findings suggest that further research is needed to understand how the rate of urbanization affects ecological communities.


Based on the mechanism of electromagnetic force in the high-temperature superconductor,the distributions of stress and displacement in a superconductor with a central elliptic hole were investigated. The Bean model of critical state and the finite element method were applied.The effects of the ratio of the major axis and the minor axis on the distributions of stress and displacement in superconductors were first discussed and,then,the effects of different conditions of the magnetic field on the distributions of stress and displacement were analyzed.Numerical results obtained show that,due to the effect of stress concentration,as the ratio of the major axis and the minor axis becomes larger,the radial stress and hoop stress in superconductor just increase significantly in the vicinity of the hole.However,the displacement changes very little all along.As the magnetic field becomes smaller,the maximum of radial stress and displacement increases first and then decreases,but the maximum of hoop stress increases gradually.


This paper describes how a software architectural design of the ARTAS (ATM Surveillance Tracker And Server) surveillance data processing system was constructed from the existing Ada 83 code. A process of automated reverse engineering was adopted to construct a UML model of the static part of the design, with selected aspects of the dynamic behaviour being added manually. The resulting UML model was used as the vehicle for establishing bi-directional traceability between software requirements and design. The IBM Rhapsody® and DOORS® tools were used to build the models, for traceability and for the production of printed documents. (6 pages)


Some tradition historical perspectives on Psalm 83 Psalm 83 forms a poetical unit and is the well constructed poem of an artist. It could be divided into two stanzas which contains a cry for help (2), lament (3-9) and several petitions (10-19). This work reflects different tradition historical allusions. The use of prophetic language is immanent, while the faces of the prophets Isaiah, Jeremiah and Ezekiel are elusively present. Two episodes from the history of the Judges (Judges 4-5; 7-8) are utilised to expose its independent function in this psalm. The occurence of a well known Canaanite tradition is further obvious, while the question into the psalm's apocalyptic relationships is negatively assessed. Single motives like the upliftment of the head (3) and the shepherd/flock image (13) fulfil a definite Junction within the psalm's context. The poet clearly applied historical traditions, motives and images to express an independent function within its context.


Underwater acoustic (UWA) communication channels are ultra-wideband in nature and experience long delay spreads and significant Doppler effects. The typical UWA channel distortion can be described by a multi-scale, multi-lag (MSML) channel model. Many UWA communication systems employ resampling by a single-scale at the front-end to compensate for the scale effects of UWA channels. In this letter, the optimal resampling parameter for OFDM signaling over MSML channels is investigated from a Bayesian perspective. The resampling parameter is selected to minimize the inter-carrier interference (ICI) resulting from the MSML channel for OFDM signaling. The exact interference energy is computed, but is intractable for optimization, thus, an upper bound is employed for optimization. Numerical results verify the tightness of the bound and quantify the performance of the Bayesian approach. As expected, the proposed method outperforms previous deterministic methods for resampling in MSML channels, which in turn outperform the classical packet-length-based approach, and is more effective in ICI mitigation.


Captive pheasant (Phasianus colchicus) hens fed various levels of calcium produced more eggs when the amount of calcium in the diet was increased. Birds on high calcium diets would have been able to produce two adequate sized clutches of eggs; birds which had received very little dietary calcium (0.5 percent) could not have produced two clutches. The amounts of calcium, phosphorus, and ash found in femurs varied little between birds fed different levels of calcium. Osteoporosis was detected in female pheasants fed low levels of calcium. Femurs of these birds had enlarged haversian canal systems, as shown by total space occupied by canals, mean canal size, and the amount of cortex present. Bones of birds fed 0.5 percent and 3.2 percent calcium were significantly different in these respects; inconclusive data were obtained from birds fed intermediate levels of calcium. Cocks on low calcium diets showed some evidence of osteoporosis; those receiving adequate calcium showed none. Recent studies have shown that pheasants can select calcium grits when unusual needs arise; thus pheasants might get enough calcium during the breeding season even in low-calcium habitat. To determine whether calcium supplies are adequate it is suggested that breeding females from areas of low populations be examined for evidence of osteoporosis. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of various dietary levels of calcium on (1) egg production and (2) the physiology of the pheasant hen, with emphasis on postlaying osteoporosis. Knowledge of changes in the skeleton and endocrine system that result from calcium deprivation is essential to evaluation of calcium as a factor influencing pheasant range extension. Leopold (1931:125-126) first suggested that the level of calcium in the soil may significantly influence the distribution of pheasants in North America. The results of later studies supported this hypothesis (McCann 1939 and 1961, Dale 1954, Dale and DeWitt 1958, Greeley 1962). However, the precise relationship between calcium levels and pheasant abundance remains unknown. The subject was recently reviewed by Korschgen (1964:176-177), Harper (1964: 264-265), and Harper and Labisky (1964: 722-723). Even in calcium-rich pheasant range, natural foods alone may not provide enough calcium to meet needs during the reproductive period. Dale (1954:318) found that the amount of calcium obtained from natural plant and animal foods supplied less than 20 percent of the amount required for optimum reproduction. However, pheasants may meet special calcium needs during the reproductive season by increasing mineral consumption (Dalke 1938:54, Trautman 1952:27). The hen's ability to select calcium-bearing grits, as demonstrated by Sadler (1961:341), enables her to increase consumption of calcium before and during the egg-laying period. Korschgen (1964:168) showed that during egg production, pheasant hens throughout the Midwest heavily supplement their diet with calcium-bearing grit or snails. Because of such findings, Korschgen (1964:177-178) and Harper and Labisky (1964:730) expressed considerable doubt about the importance of calcium as a factor limiting pheasant distribution. Eggshell formation requires substantial amounts of calcium, which constitutes 39.2 SThis project was supported by funds from Federal Aid to Wildlife Restoration Project, Surveys and Investigations Projects, Missouri 13-R.


This paper introduces a methodology to define types of farm specialization, taking into account the structure of incomes from agricultural activities. Using the data from a survey jointly conducted by the Getulio Vargas Foundation and Embrapa, which covered nine regions in Brazil, it was possible to allocate each farm into a unique specialization type and estimate a specialization index for each region. With this index, a specialization ordering among the regions was found. This is followed by some considerations on the number of agricultural activities and problems which may appear when regional mean values are used. Within a situation where high specialization levels prevail, important interregional differences are identified, which may contribute to the formulation of agricultural policies and research activities. In broader terms, it is believed that a similar methodology may be applied to the study of specialization in other situations (e.g., at the level of municipalities).


x u UIZ nuilOT OJ JLHE -tlOSPITAL. Sir,?Would not the medical profession be well advised to insist upon the conversion of the "medical and sanatorium benefits " into additional weekly payments, seeing that otherwise the fees they are to receive and the treatment they are to prescribe will be dictated to them by a lay officialdom dominated by a particular school of medicine and a de.siro to economise politically ??Yours truly, ? rr J * Claude Tickell. Myddylton House, Saffron Walden.


This paper put forward that the key links were medical devices logistics and pharmaceutical logistics from the object classification in hospital logistics management. With application of game theory analysis,it could be concluded that medical equipment might be considered as private goods and they couldn't be good to share.This paper believed that was a major challenge of medical devices logistics,and pharmaceutical logistics would have more choices to socialization,and hence integrated into the third party logistics.


We have analyzed the microwave behavior of soft nanogranular (Fe 0.7Co0.3)71B22Ni7 films which present a dc permeability from 60 to 280, a resistivity of 8 to 9 10-7 Omega m and a zero-field double ferromagnetic resonance peak at frequencies ranging from 3.8 to 8.35 GHz. The high frequency and large line-width of the observed resonances allows for possible applications in microwave absorbers in a frequency range extending from 6 to 10 GHz


OBJECTIVE To study the in vitro release of resveratrol from chitosan nanoparticles.METHODS Using water as release medium,the cumulative release amount of chitosan nanoparticles was determined by HPLC. For determining resveratrol content remained in this formula,resveratrol left in the nanoparticles was extracted after the release equilibrium.Orthogonal test was employed to optimize the extraction method.RESULTS The delivery system reached release equilibrium after shaking in water bath for 12 h.The cumulative release proportion was around 43%.At that time,resveratrol remained in the nanoparticles was about 33%.CONCLUSION The chitosan nanoparticles will not completely release the loaded drug without a specific enzyme.Compared with the foreign reports about digesting chitosan with an enzyme,the method developed for the extraction of resveratrol from chitosan nanoparticles is low-cost,simple and applicable.


Stochastic Medium Model(SMM) was widely used for predicting ground movement induced by tunneling in China.A uniform convergence mode was assumed in this model for the transversal section of tunnel after excavation.According to the observed convergence mode of tunnel,a non-uniform convergence mode was introduced to the SMM method to achieve a better prediction of the ground deformation,and the integral limits for various shapes of cross section,such as the circular,elliptical,rectangular and horse-shoe shaped tunnel were deduced.Based on some case studies,it was found that the uniform convergence assumption cause considerable error for shallow tunnels,so it was important to consider a proper convergence mode to take into account the influence of deformation condition and construction techniques of the tunnel.


The 16-week Plants for Joints (PFJ) multidisciplinary lifestyle program, based on a whole-food plant-based diet, physical activity, and stress management, significantly reduced 28-joint Disease Activity Score (DAS28) score compared to usual care in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).[1,2]To determine the long-term effectiveness of the PFJ lifestyle program on disease activity in patients with RA.In the PFJ assessor-blind randomized clinical trial, patients with RA and a DAS28 score ≥ 2.6 and ≤ 5.1 were randomized to receive the PFJ program in addition to usual care, or the control group which received usual care. After this 16-week period the control group also received the PFJ program. After completion of the PFJ program all participants were followed-up for one year with biannual visits and 6 adherence-promoting webinars. If participants had a DAS28 score <2.6 they were instructed to taper anti-rheumatic medication following a pre-specified protocol. Medication changes were assessed at one year as an "increase," "stable," or "decrease" compared to baseline by an independent committee. Secondary outcomes included anthropometric and metabolic markers. A paired sample T-Test between 1-year follow-up and start of intervention was performed.Of 77 participants who completed the initial 16-week clinical trial 92% were female with a mean (SD) age of 55 (12) and body mass index of 26 (4) kg/m² at baseline. The 65 (84%) participants who completed the one-year follow-up had a greater average change in DAS28 score (–0.9 vs. –0.05) compared to non-completers. In the year after completing the PFJ program the DAS28 score continued to improve slightly whereby a mean 1.01-point difference was observed after one year for the completed cases compared to baseline values (95% CI 0.76 to 1.26;p< 0.001) (Figure 1). All components of the DAS28 improved significantly compared to before the program (Table 1). Significant improvements were found in both the seropositive and seronegative subgroups. Of the 61 participants using anti-rheumatic medication at baseline, 27 (44%) were able to decrease the dosage or stop one or more medications. Antirheumatic medication was stable for 16 participants, and increased for 13, of which 5 newly started using medication. 45 participants (58%) had improved DAS28 scores (of which 20 had a DAS28 <2.6) with stable or less medication compared to baseline. After the 1-year follow-up period there was no longer a significant difference in weight or HbA1c although LDL cholesterol remained significantly lower compared to baseline.The PFJ lifestyle program significantly decreased disease activity in patients with RA and its effects were sustained until one year after program completion, with slightly less anti-rheumatic medication. Metabolic benefits found after the lifestyle intervention were only partially sustained possibly indicating attenuated adherence to the lifestyle program in the 1-year follow-up.[1]Walrabenstein, Trials 2021[2]Walrabenstein, Rheumatology 2023Table 1.Plants for Joints cohort at start and end of the 4-month intervention period and during the 1-year follow-up (6 and 12 months after completing the intervention) for completed cases (n = 65). Variables reported as mean or number [% of all participants (n= 77)]. Mean difference between start of intervention and end of follow-up. ESR = erythrocyte sedimentation rate.InterventionFollow-up studyStartEnd6 months12 monthsMean difference (95% CI)p-valueDAS283.862.942.662.84–1.01 (–1.26 to –0.76)<0.001Swollen joint count188.8.131.52.1–1.1 (–1.8 to –0.4)0.003Tender joint count220.127.116.11.2–1.9 (–2.7 to –1.0)<0.001General health (VAS)47.927.52624.9–23.6 (–29.8 to –17.3)<0.001ESR (mm/hour)20.518.516.516.5–3.9 (–7.4 to –0.4)0.03DAS28 <2.627 [35]28 [36]25 [33]Weight (kg)75.271.873.274.2–0.5 (–1.6 to 0.6)0.3LDL cholesterol (mmol/l)22.214.171.124.9–0.2 (–0.35 to –0.01)0.04HbA1c (mmol/mol)36.935.936.936.5–0.3 (–1.1 to 0.4)0.3NIL.None Declared.


The development of Co-ferrite nanocrystals, and bulk materials for magnetostrictive applications is reviewed. This includes magnetic and structural properties and also processing conditions which are of special importance to increase the magnetostriction as well as to achieve very fine Co-ferrite nanocrystals. The magnetic properties of a single crystal, where a field induced phase transition was found, are also presented.


Educational institutions implement school information system (IS) solutions for efficient academic processes and improve the student experience, and thus tend to upgrade to new school IS, ceasing the use of old school IS. Extant studies of information system discontinuance are in organizational in general. This study is solely a school organization setting, specifically a thorough understanding of contributing factors that facilitate the intention of school information system (IS) discontinuance. Organizational level IS discontinuance intention OLIDI model was used as a lens and anchored by grounded theory. Semi-Structured interviews were used to collect data from school administrators and users of information system (IS) of Surigao State College of Technology. A qualitative statistics approach and coding of words are used to analyze the intention of IS discontinuance and provide model for school setting IS discontinuance. The findings show that system shortcomings, organizational initiative, environmental change, system investment, and institutional pressures were the critical determinants of increased intentions to replace the existing school information system (IS). The study findings are useful to school administrators to identify long term flexibility required for policies to overcome the capability of shortcomings that emerge over the system life span and underline risk associated with continued use of unsupported systems.


RTLS (Real-time locating systems) are used for tracking the location of people or assets in real time. In general, these systems use the radio frequency (RF) for wireless communication within a local coverage area. However, when we attempt to apply this system to an indoor environment, the non-line-of-sight (NLOS) problem is critical to the system performance because of the obstacles in the room. In this paper, we suggest a new location estimation method for an indoor NLOS environment using a reader-selection strategy. We have implemented all components of the locating system and carried out experiments in a testbed.


We develop a notion of forking for Galois-types in the context of AECs. Under the hypotheses that an AEC K is tame, type-short, and failure of an order-property, we consider Definition 1. Let M0 ≺ N be models from K and A be a set. We say that the Gaois-type of A over M does not fork over M0, written A^ M0 N , iff for all small a ∈ A and all small N− ≺ N , we have that Gaois-type of a over N− is realized in M0. Assuming property (E) (see Definition 3.3) we show that this non-forking is a well behaved notion of independence, in particular satisfies symmetry and uniqueness and has a corresponding U-rank. We find conditions for a universal local character, in particular derive superstability-like property from little more than categoricity in a "big cardinal". Finally, we show that under large cardinal axioms the proofs are simpler and the non-forking is more powerful.


A simple analytical method has been introduced for aerohydrodynamic load analysis of an airborne configuration during water ditching. The method employs an aerodynamic panel code, based on linear potential flow theory, to simulate the flow of air and water around an aircraft configuration. The free surface separating the air and water region is represented by doublet sheet singularities. Although all the theoretical load distributions are computed for air, provisions are made to correct the pressure coefficients obtained on the configuration wetted surfaces to account for the water density. As an analytical tool, the Vortex Separation Aerodynamic (VSAERO) code is chosen to carry out the present investigation. After assessing the validity of the method, its first application is to analyze the water ditching of the Space Shuttle configuration at a 12 degree attitude.


By using the load curve-based user classification method and the fuzzy C means clustering method of data mining technology,users of different industries were mixed and then classified based on clustering,and various kinds of load curves were analyzed and compared.The fuzzy C means clustering method was applied to analyzing the typical users of typical industries(the industrial users and users of the tertiary industry),and it is pointed out that there are some commonness among the load data of different seasons and different months.


Water is one of the most vital resources on Earth. Many developing countries do not have a robust infrastructure to treat and transport water, and the WHO estimates that more than 2 billion people are utilizing a contaminated drinking source. Nonthermal plasma water treatment could be a game changer for people living in areas without access to clean water, as it is well-suited for on-demand use and does not require a continuous supply of chemicals and filters. It is an effective advanced oxidation process capable of removing a wide array of contaminants, ranging from waterborne bacteria and viruses - to challenging industrial effluents like PFAS and common pharmaceuticals. This work aims to develop a simple, point-of-use, solar-powered plasma source that can be used for water treatment in developing areas lacking infrastructure. Here we report on progress in optimization of the plasma source which by design allows for selectivity control of the production of reactive oxygen species such as ozone and peroxide and nitrogen species such as nitrite and nitrate ions. We also quantify the efficacy of plasma at removing E.Coli and MS2 as surrogate pathogens in water. The overall goal of this work is to demonstrate that this technology can remove contaminants without adding them in the process.


This synthesis report will be of interest to geotechnical, structural, and bridge engineers, especially those involved in the development and implementation of the geotechnical aspects of the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) Bridge Code. The synthesis documents a review of geotechnical related load and resistance factor design (LRFD) specifications and their development worldwide in order to compare them with the current AASHTO LRFD Bridge Code. Design procedures for foundations, earth retaining structures, and culverts are summarized and compared to methods specified by the AASHTO code. This report of the Transportation Research Board provides information to assist engineers in implementing the geotechnical features of LRFD methods. Information for the synthesis was collected by surveying United States and Canadian transportation agencies and by conducting a literature search using domestic and international sources. Interviews of selected international experts were also conducted. The limited available experience in the United States and information from international practice are discussed to understand the problems that have arisen so that solutions may be found. Based on a review of various LRFD codes, suggestions for further work are made.


A finite element approach,so called electrostatic-field analysis has been developed by ANSYS and APDL to solve the problem of the force of electret micromotor's rotor.As an example,one kind of geometry design has been selected,then this method has been used to study the rotation drive force of compressed electret micromotor's rotor in electrostatic field.The numerical result is basically agreed with the theory estimation.


: Using the convolution of seeing and diffraction, the relation between seeing and aperture in the visibility of sunspots is explored. It is shown that even telescopes with apertures smaller than 5 centimetres are significantly affected by seeing. Although larger aperture instruments suffer more from seeing than smaller ones, their level of detail always remains better under the same atmospheric conditions.


The aim of the research is to analyze the effect of policy implementation of Local Regulation No. 12/2009 concerning Areas Without Cigarettes by Civil Service Police Unit on the enforcement of public discipline in the public areas of Bogor City. The policy implementation is understood in Edward III's perspective based on four aspects, namely communication, resource, disposition/attitude, and bureaucratic structure. The public discipline uses Elizabeth Hunrlock's perspective based on three aspects, namely rule/norm, consistence, punishment and reward. The research uses Weight Mean Score formula to count the mean and to describe it. It also uses Spearman Rank Correlation formula based on SPSS version.20 to test a hypothesis concerning the relation of policy implementation to public discipline. The results of the research indicate that the policy implementation gets the mean score 3.28, meaning good enough, and the public discipline gets the mean score 3.65, meaning good. The coefficient correlation of two variables gets value 0.406, categorized as the middle. By t-test, the research gets tcount value 3.688 and ttable (N=71) value 1.666. Therefore, tcount > ttable means that alternative hypothesis is accepted. The coefficient determination indicates 16.4% of contribution of policy implementation to public discipline.Keywords: Areas Without Cigarettes, Policy Implementation, Public Areas, Public Discipline.


A bioequivalence study of CKD Cefaclor ® capsule (Chong Kun Dang Pharm. Co., Ltd) to Ceclor ® capsule (Lilly Korea. Co., Ltd.) was conducted according to the guidelines of Korea Food and Drug Administration (KFDA). Twenty four healthy male Korean volunteers received each medicine at the cefaclor dose of 250 mg in a 2×2 crossover study. There was a one-week washout period between the doses. An improved high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analytical method with UV detection was used to determine plasma cefaclor concentration in human volunteers for 8 hr after oral drug administration. The area under the plasma concentration-time curve from time zero to 8 hr (AUC0-8hr) was calculated by the linear trapezoidal rule. The Cmax (maximum plasma drug concentration) and Tmax (time to reach C max ) were compiled from the plasma concentration-time data. Analysis of variance was carried out using logarithmically transformed AUC0-8hr and Cmax. No significant sequence effect was found for all of the bioavailability parameters indicating that the cross-over design was properly performed. The 90% confidence intervals of the AUC 0-8hr ratio and the C max ratio for CKD Cefaclor ® and Ceclor ® were 0.9400≤δ≤1.0345 and 0.8858≤δ≤1.1021, respectively. These values were within the acceptable bioequivalence intervals of 0.80-1.25. Thus, our study demonstrated the of CKD cefaclor ® capsule was bioequivalent to Ceclor ® capsule with respect to its bioavailability.


The Fe3O4 nanoparticles was prepared by chemical co-precipitation method, and modified with polyethylene glycol and lauryl sodium sulfate to obtain amphiphilic magnetic core. Core-shell magnetic particles (CMP) were prepared by modified dispersion polymerization method. After characterization, the contact angle θ of material was 133.4°, and the specific surface area of CMP reached to 1032.43 m2/g. The absorption rate up to 27.1007 g/g, and the oil release rate was up to 96.19%, ensure it fully adsorptive to the emulsified oily wastewater. The saturated magnetization of MPP was 3.95 emu/g, showed strong magnetic response. It is beneficial for recovery and reuse the material. After 12 hour degradation of crude oil, CMP immobilized with petroleum oil degrading strains to treat emulsified oil was 13.86% higher than that of free bacterial cells. The results of this research provide a reference for the rapid adsorption and degradation of emulsified oil wastewater by immobilized microorganisms with novel magnetic materials.


Quality assurance consider as one of the most important concerns in higher education institutions, which may influence the overall rank of universities. Innovation technology may play an important role in improving such quality of higher education institutions. Innovation technology provides several benefits, which are seen immediately, for instant, allowing students to share information easily and to discover new experiences within the education system. This study aims to find out the key factors of innovative technology affecting the quality assurance at higher education institutions in Jordan. By adopting the diffusion of innovation theory, this study sheds light on several factors that extended from this theory. Fieldwork including five universities in Jordan was conducted to specify the actual technological factors that may influence quality assurance at higher education institutions. An interpretive paradigm using triangulation methods was applied to collect data, conducting sixteen semi-structured interviews with major stakeholders in Jordanian universities, including professors, university vice-chancellors, IT managers, heads of departments, and deans of schools. The researchers also held two focus groups and distributed 232 surveys to Jordanian students.


Objective: Violence against women is a common social problem. Gender inequality is origin of the violence against women. Health workers have responsibilities in supplying medical care, support and counseling to the mistreated of the violence. This descriptive study was planned for the purpose to determine attitude of the healthcare workers to violence against women. Material and Methods: In this research, 94 healthcare workers from seven different types of hospital (4 public hospitals, 2 private hospitals, one university hospital) in Istanbul have been contacted. Data were collected with a 34 item questionnaire prepared by the researcher. Percentage was used in the data analysis. Results: According to the research findings even 95.7% of the healthcare workers had indicated that the violence against the women is only "harmfull physical action against the women". "What is the basis of violence against the women?" had been answered by 59.5% of the same healthcare workers as "This is due to the patriarchal society we live in." Scary answer was that 61.7% of the same healthcare workers agreed that "to attempt to rape is women's provocation" as is the general belief in society. Conclusion: It can be said that the approach of the healthcare workers is similar with the view and attitude related to women's sexual role expectancy which is internalized by traditional cultures of Turks.


The stability of a permanent magnet levitated above a slab of hard superconductor is considered. The force on a dipole magnet over a perfectly diamagnetic disk is calculated. It is found that the radial component of the force is directed outward and is 10%–20% of the image (vertical) force near the edge. Estimates of the magnetic friction force due to flux motion in a hard superconductor are made using Bean's model. The magnitude of the magnetic friction is large enough to stabilize the magnet over most of the disk for typical values of the critical current in ceramic superconductors (∼103 A/cm2), but too small for the highest values reported (>106 A/cm2). It is conjectured that flux trapping due to inhomogeneities gives rise to transient restoring forces.


This paper describes a type-PI Hybrid-ARQ protocol based on Reed-Muller codes. A trellis-based decoder is presented that allows for soft decision maximum likelihood decoding and code combining with low computational complexity. I. INTRODUCTION In a recent paper [I], Wicker et. al. used the modular structure of RM codes to develop an efficient type-I1 hybrid-ARQ decoder. In this paper the modular structure of RM codes is used to develop soft decision, maximum likelihood, code combining, trellis-based decoders with minimal trellis complexity. Theorem: [l] Given two RM codes R(r,m) and R(r + 1, m), we can construct the code R(T f 1, m + 1) using R(r + 1, m + 1) = {(U\ U + U) 1 U E R (r + 1, m) , U E R (r, m)} . where (UIU + U) is th concatenation of U and U + U. Corollary. For all R(r,m) , 0 < T < m, m 2 2, there exist C' and C" such that R(r,m) = C = C' CB C", where C' and C" are 2 x 2m-' generalised array codes (GAC's) [2! with the following structure:


We derive the recurrence relation of irreducible tensor operator for O(4) in using the Wigner-Eckart theorem. The physical process like radiative transitions in atomic physics, nuclear transitions between excited nuclear states can be described by the matrix element of an irreducible tensor, which is expressible in terms of a sum of products of two factors, one is a symmetry-related geometric factor, the Clebsch-Gordan coefficients, and the other is a physical factor, the reduced matrix elements. The specific properties of the states enter the physical factor only. It is precisely this fact that makes the Wigner-Eckart theorem invaluable in physics. Often time one is interested in ratio of two transition matrix element where it is sufficient to regard only the Clebsch-Gordan coefficients. In this paper we first get the commutation relations of O(4), and then we choose one of these relations to operate on the certain eigenvectors. Finally we take summation over all possible eigenvectors and obtain rather the compact recurrence relation for irreducible tensor operators.


The core competitiveness of financial academic journals is formed through long accumulation of financial academic journals.Its unique internal quality and advantage has been integrated into journals and it is a core competitiveness integration of sustainable survival and development.Combining with the present situation of financial academic journals industry,this paper puts forwards countermeasures on how to cultivate core competitiveness of journals.


The seeming tension between culture and the Christian religious identity of the Ghanaian woman partly compelled the Church of Pentecost in Ghana to issue a communiqué in 2010 to annul a longstanding tradition of head covering by her women. The communiqué generated varied, but largely unfavourable reactions from the Church's members. This paper examines the culture of headgear in Ghana, the communiqué annulling the practice in the Church, the reactions of Church members, as well as 1 Corinthians 11:2-16; which appears to be a double-edged sword for both the imposition and the annulment. The paper opines that the reactions of the members of the Church indicated a lack of appreciation of the rationale of the communiqué and the actual decisions it contains. Hence, the paper proposes a careful blend of culture and Christianity in Ghana and the adoption of a more inclusive approach towards effective grassroots participation in Church governance.


We propose the implementation of deep learning-based architecture for extracting the built-up and application towards solar photovoltaic potential estimation. The U-Net model proposed for the extraction of building rooftops using medium resolution satellite data. Building footprints from OpenStreetMap is used to generate labels necessary for training the model. The analysis of study region establishes that about 1.89 Giga Watt could be generated from building roofs of the study region. The roof area estimation is validated using polygonal building outlines from 25 km2 of the city locality. Analysis of this kind could help in reaching the targets set for implementation of visualized scale of programs by the governing bodies.


To solve the problem of measuring experts' authority in CWME,this paper proposed a method for estimating expert authority based on SemRank.This method not only considered the interactive structure between experts,but also took into account semantic relation between the experts' speeches.As the interaction between experts possessed dynamic complexity,introduced the time decay function to estimating semantic relation.Experimental result shows that the proposed method is feasible and effective.It lays a good foundation for experts to interact and inspire in CWME.


Individual in International Law — Position with regard to Proceedings between Governments before International Tribunals. International Conciliation — Commission of Conciliation as an Arbitral Tribunal — Supremacy of Jurisdiction of — Parallel Proceedings in Municipal Courts. International Conciliation — Commission of Conciliation as an Arbitral Tribunal — Nature of Proceedings before — Binding Force of Decision of — Governments Parties to Proceedings and Individual Interests. Treaties — Interpretation of — Peace Treaty of Paris, 1947 — Meaning of "charges of any kind" — Whether Italian Legislation concerning Tenancies Enacted during Armistice Period Satisfies Obligation to Restore Property — Whether Letting of Premises by Sequestrator "a measure taken against property".


In this paper, we give Poisson and Cauchy representation theorems in Hardy-Orlicz spaces on the upper complex half-plane. We use these theorems for the construction of dual spaces of certain Hardy-Orlicz spaces and also for the characterization of some classical operators in Orlicz spaces.


Lead halide materials have seen a recent surge of interest from the photovoltaics community following the observation of surprisingly high photovoltaic performance, with opto-electronic properties similar to GaAs. This begs the question; what is the limit for the efficiency of these materials? In this article, we show that Methyl Ammonium Lead Iodide (MAPbI3), like silicon, has a larger than expected Auger coefficient, decreasing the theoretical external luminescence efficiency to $\sim$ 95% at open-circuit. The Auger penalty is much reduced at the operating point where the carrier density is less, producing an oddly high fill factor of $\sim$ 90.4%. This compensates the Auger penalty and leads to an operating point voltage and power conversion efficiency close to ideal for the MAPbI3 bandgap.


A numerical simulation research was carried out of the gas-liquid two phase flow in circulation cyclone separators using Reynolds stress model(RSM), the distribution characteristics of the tangential velocity, axial velocity, radial velocity, pressure field, and Reynolds stress in circulation cyclone separators, and the trajectories of the liquid drop movements in the separators and the separation efficiency of the separators under the same inlet velocity, were discussed. The numerical simulation result shows that the tangential velocity had an obvious hump shape, the uplink and downlink flows of the axial velocity was clear, the radial velocity was comparatively slow, the pressure became gradually outward high, the distribution of Reynolds stress was complex and had not obvious laws, the efficiency of the separators was low for small-sized liquid drops, the influence of the inlet velocity on the separation efficiency was comparatively evident.


Aiming at the TSP problem,in order to research the optimal path planning for mobile robot,a new algorithm based on ant colony algorithm combined with particle swarm algorithm(PAAAA) has been proposed.Firstly,using the particle swarm optimization to search the global path,the second best solution is obtained.Then,after distributing the pheromones on the second best solution paths,using ant colony algorithm to finish accurate searching.Last,the optimal solution of path planning is achieved.The simulation result shows that PAAA is better than single ant colony algorithm or single particle swarm optimization.


The optimal extracting conditions of polyphenol from grapevine cane were studied.The single factor experiments of alcohol concentration,the ratio of solid to liquid,extracting temperature and extracting time were investigated.And 4 factors 3 levels orthogonal test was devised to obtain the optimal extracting conditions based on the single factor experiment.The optimum extracting process of polyphenols from the grapevine cane was listed as follows:extracting temperature 60℃,ratio of solid to liquid 1:15,alcohol concentration 50% and extracting time 1h.The yield of polyphenols was found to be 14.43mg/g and DPPH· clearance rate was 81.23%.


Using window functions in the time-domain to suppress side-lobes in the frequency-domain comes at the cost of a broadened main lobe and a loss in signal-to-noise ratio known as processing loss. This letter proposes a multi-variate detection algorithm, which reduces the processing loss of windowed transforms by up to 65% in comparison to a threshold decision, which translates to an increased detection rate of up to 11%. The comparison of simulation and measurement shows a very close match. Furthermore, an adaption of the ordered statistics constant false-alarm rate algorithm is introduced, which incorporates the performance increase of the new detector.


Bacterial resistance is a frequent and major issue in nosocomial environment. In accordance with the standards proposed by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI, 2009), eight strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae (KPC) were isolated from eight distinct patients at Julia Kubitschek Hospital (JKH), located in the city of Belo Horizonte, Brazil, between April 2009 and January 2011. As far as KPC emergence is concerned, its monitoring in Enterobacteriaceae isolates with decreased susceptibility to ertapenem has become highly important.


A fined-tube air-cooled condenser is steadily simulated by steady-state distributed parameter model based on the actual situation of a cross-flow heat exchanger.Comparison with the experiment,the error of the simulation results is less than 5%.The results show the cross-flow simplifying hypothesis is scientific and credible.


Three different frequency-domain techniques, the Spectral F-Test (SFT), Component Synchrony Measure (CSM) and Magnitude-Squared Coherence (MSC) have been studied for the detection of responses in the EEG to repetitive somatosensitive stimulation (RSSS). In simulations, the three techniques were tested and the performance of the detectors compared. In real EEG data (approximately 10 second segments), spectral changes under RSSS at 4 and 8 Hz were found; CSM and MSC performed better than SFT, as was also found in simulations.


The objective of this research was to recognize the effectiveness of inquiry learning approach towards the enhancement of character building of 4 th grade social study subject (IPS) students at SD Negeri 1 Nglinduk Gabus Grobogan Semester I on the 2012/2013 period. There was a basic competence that was achieved in the IPS learning was "Recognizing a economic activity for relationship natural resources and other potential in the region" This research was a quasi-experimental study on two different intact group of 4 th grade social study subject (IPS) students at SD Negeri 1 Nglinduk Gabus Grobogan. Research variable was the inquiry learning approach and the related character buiding variable. The data collection technique was an observation. The statistical analysis used were T-test to see the different effect of inquiry learning approach towards the enhancement of character building. The research result showed that there was found an effectiveness of inquiry learning approach towards the enhancement of character building of 4 th grade IPS students at SD Negeri 1 Nglinduk Gabus Grobogan Semester I on the 2012/2013 period. The implementation in the field uses four stages, those are formulating problem, determining work procedure, collecting data, and presenting report. There is a significant difference in the result of inquiry learning approach. The mean of the experiment group is 90,26 and it is higher than the mean of the control group which is 80,39. The t-test proves that the difference is significant because the result of t-test was higher than the figure shown on the t-table (2.015 < 5.126). The difference of the students" abilities between those two groups (experiment and control group) is not so great (only 0.12) although it is significant enough. Inquiry learning approach using is more effective than behavioristic learning approach using teacher based learning. It means the students who used inquiry learning approach will get better scores. The mean of pre-test scores of the students who used inquiry learning approach is 51.45 and the mean of students who used behavioristic learning approach is 41.25. The mean of pos-test scores of the students who used . inquiry learning approach is 90,26 and the mean of students who used behavioristic learning approach is 80,39. It proves that the usage of inquiry learning approach in improving character buiding is more effective than the use of teacher based learning. There are many factors that influence the students character building besides inquiry learning approach and teacher based method.


Abstract A non-linear model-based control system for the Human inspired Robotic Exoskeleton (HuREx) gait trainer was developed. The model used for the controller was derived using a hybrid PMA model and dynamic model of the device. The performance of the control system was compared against a closed-loop PID control system in simulation. The trajectory tracking results show that the model-based control system improved the speed and accuracy of the system as well as being robust against modeling errors and disturbances.


The paper applies to Heckman two-step procedure to analyze effects of schooling on married women's labor force participation and earnings in china with subset of three section data sets of CHIP from 1988,1995 and 2002.The results show that the probability of married women's labor force participation increases with their schooling level rising,in which that of college group is the highest and that of primary school is the lowest.Moreover,the results also show that married women's earnings increases with their schooling level rising.But corrected coefficient is obviously under OLS estimates.And comparing to estimates of other developing country,our married women's estimated rate of return to schooling is relative low.


Despite the economic significance of periwinkle [Catharanthus roseus (L.) G. Don] the existence of genetic variation in traits have been largely unexplored and very little attempt has been done to improve its genetics for ornamental prospective. An experiment was conducted at the research farm of Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab during 2019 to 2021 using 6 inbred lines of periwinkle to develop 30 F1 populations in full-diallel fashion. The highly significant positive heterobeltiosis was recorded in the progeny of Vi-29 × Vi-14-3 for leaf breadth, follicle length, number of flowers per plant and number of seeds per follicle. The cross combination Vi-13-2 × Vi-29 was recorded significantly high heterobeltiosis for plant height and plant spread. The minimum heterobeltiosis was recorded for plant spread and follicle length in cross Vi-14-3 × Vi-15-1. The highest mean performance of the parents reported in Vi-15-1 for plant spread, internode length, flower diameter, number of flowers per plant, follicle length and number of seeds per follicle. As per the results among the cross combinations superior mean performance was observed in the Vi-15-1 × Vi-14-3 for leaf length and number of flowers per plant. These findings suggest that hybridization is an efficient way of contributing genetic variability in periwinkle for landscape utilization.


We would like to amplify the ScienceScope item "Georgetown faculty on warpath" (11 Dec. p. 1967). In December 1997, 18 tenured Georgetown University Medical Center faculty filed a grievance against Medical Center Executive Vice President Sam Wiesel and University President Leo O'Donovan for


Internal Combustion Engines (ICE) are experiencing a transition era in which research and innovation are mainly pushed by environmental issues: emission reduction and fuel saving are indispensable requirements of the new technologies, otherwise the end of ICE is proposed in Europe. Modifications, in reality, are under discussion by 2026 but the environmental issues are anyway welcomed. In the transportation sector, today dominated by ICEs, it appears that the reduction in the propulsion power, hybridization at various degrees, and exhaust post-treatment improvements will guarantee technological solutions able to support the transition in the next couple of decades toward full electric propulsion. Waste Heat Recovery (WHR) is a very interesting opportunity since almost two-thirds of fuel energy is not converted into mechanically useful energy. Moreover, the integration with other thermal streams on board (cooling and lubricating mediums, EGR cooling) can add further value to the recovery opportunity as well as the concept of managing the engine thermal management which can produce a sensible contribution that is appreciated mainly during urban driving. A huge scientific effort is underway, and a great expectation is perceptible. More generally, the technological options that can achieve a reduction in overall fuel consumption and, thus, the improvement of global engine efficiency, are the most valuable when they can be introduced without massive changes to the engine layout. This happens in all the energy applications in which ICEs are involved since the recovery unit can be introduced in the exhaust line. The mechanical energy recovered can be easily transformed into electrical energy, so represents an interesting integration with the hybrid propulsion powertrains. In this paper, a review of the most important technologies referred to the WHR is presented, outlining advantages and drawbacks, and setting up the presently available technologies referred to the transportation sector.


. In this paper, we determine the normal subgroups of a finite non-abelian metacyclic -group two for odd prime p .


Sociologists have queried over the utility and effectiveness of generational analysis for some time. Here, the authors contend that intragenerational analyses are needed to critically and comprehensively make sense of the social world. Drawing on four presentations during the presidential session titled, "#NextGenBlackSoc: New Directions in the Sociology of Black Millennials," the authors use Black Millennials as a case to illustrate how racializing generational studies can strengthen sociological research in four particular subdisciplines: Collective Behavior and Social Movements, Religion, Gender and Sexuality, and Family. They ultimately argue new analytic approaches are necessary to produce significant research on individuals and groups with complex intersectional identities and the particularities of their social experiences.


Typically, fast twitch fibers of the adult avian posterior latissimus dorsi (PLD) muscle express alkali stable myosin ATPase histochemical activity, whereas slow tonic fibers of the anterior latissimus dorsi (ALD) muscle exhibit dual acid and alkali stability. Since PLD fibers cross-reinnervated by the nerve of the ALD muscle also demonstrate dual stability, we sought to determine whether the ALD nerve induces this new phenotype de novo or de-represses an embryonic phenotype repressed during further development in ovo. Chick embryos from Day 2 in ovo onward were frozen in toto, and the development of myosin ATPase histochemical profiles following alkali and acid preincubation was determined for myo-genic cells destined to form the ALD and PLD muscles. In addition, the silver cholinesterase reaction was employed on serial sections to investigate early muscle-nerve interaction in ovo. Our results indicate that all myogenic cells of the primary dorsal muscle mass, including those of the future ALD and PLD muscles, demonstrate their first myosin ATPase response at Stage (St) 25. At this time (4.5 days in ovo), only alkali stable enzymic activity is expressed. By St 28 (5.5 days) a distinct latissimus dorsi (LD) primordium has cleaved from the dorsal muscle mass and the entire primordium still exhibits only alkali stability. As development proceeds and the LD primordium separates into recognizable anterior and posterior regions (St 29, 6.0 days through St 30, 6.5 days), the future PLD muscle continues to express only alkali stability, whereas the future ALD muscle now demonstrates dual stability. By St 32 (7.5 days), these two muscles are completely separated, and during the remainder of in ovo development the profiles characteristic of adult slow tonic versus fast twitch fibers remain unaltered. Thus, our results indicate that, during cross-reinnervation ex ovo, the ALD nerve induces the expression of a new phenotype never exhibited by potential fast twitch PLD fibers during the entire embryonic period, including their incipient formation. Moreover, our results indicate that the histochemical reaction for myosin ATPase activity provides an excellent enzymic marker both for the identification of myogenic cells and individual muscle primordia, and, for the detection of muscle fiber type differentiation during the first week of development in ovo.


The simply-supported railway box girders on wide piers No.0~022 of Contract I of the Main Bridge,Wuhan Tianxingzhou Changjiang River Rail-cum-Road Bridge were constructed by the 40 m long under-deck movable shuttering form.In this paper,the construction methods for dismantling of the shuttering form,including the parts of the front launching nose,lateral bracing system of the launching nose,rear launching nose,bottom form and main truss,are described.


Background— Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) genes may be associated with myocardial infarction (MI) and coronary artery disease (CAD), but studies of multiple MMP genes and their tissue inhibitors (TIMPs) are scarce. Further, differentiation of predictive ability by endpoint (MI vs. CAD) has not been addressed. This study evaluated the association with MI of SNPs in genes encoding MMPs 1, 2, 3, and 9 and TIMPs 1, 2, and 3. Methods— Genotypes of patients (N=5,148) with MI (n=1,693) and angiographically-defined CAD (=1 lesion of =70% stenosis, n=1,967) were compared to MI-free (n=3,455) and non-CAD patients (n=1,122), respectively. Due to linkage disequilibrium, MMP-1 and MMP-3 SNPs (chromosome 11) were combined, as were the two MMP-9 SNPs. Results— For MI, only MMP-9 group CT/RQ (OR=1.25, p=0.007 vs. wild-type CC/RR) had greater MI risk, with TT/QQ having a weak trend (OR=1.43, p=0.10). These findings remained (CT/RQ) or were strengthened (TT/QQ)


The frequency dependence of the flat‐band capacitance of a metal/insulator/semiconductor diode where the semiconductor film is glow‐discharge deposited amorphous Si:H (a‐Si:H) was measured at various temperatures. The response time and trap density at the insulator/a‐Si:H interface or a‐Si:H space‐charge region could be evaluated by a simple model.


The aim of the present paper is to study distributions of singular points of a zeta function which is expressed by an Euler product and is analytically continued as a meromorphic function of finite order. In this manuscript, we give a relation between the growth of the multiplicities for the norms of primitive elements and the order of the zeta function as a meromorphic function.


Using data for the Prague Stock Exchange in 1996 to 2005, I investigate how presence and power of multiple shareholders a ect rm valuation by studying stock price reaction to ownership changes. The presence of the second large shareholder (SLS) has about 4% positive e ect on the stock market valuation of the rm with large controlling shareholder. The results are in line with the theory that the SLS may limit rent extraction of controlling shareholder. The increase in power of the SLS has also positive stock price e ect. Stock price raises after a ownership change associated with a mandatory buyback o er. However, the positive e ect is eliminated by a presence of the SLS. The presence of the SLS thus substitutes takeover code in limiting private bene ts of


A single measure could not control weeds effectively in nursery,it should be use comprehensive controlling weeds technology,take advantage of various herbicidal measures to obtain the best economic benefit with least investment.


Writing from the long and distinguished issues-oriented and social reconstructionist perspective, Ronald Evans adds a progressive interpretation to the historical literature on social studies. It is hard to fault an author for doing what he sets out to do, although the secondary title might seem to suggest that he will offer something more. Thus, those seeking a compelling contemporary vision of inquiry–based interdisciplinary social studies or a practical guide to classroom implementation of an issues-based reconstructionist approach in the tradition of Harold Rugg, Lawrence Metcalf, or Shirley Engle will not find it here. Rather, Evans offers a brief history of the social studies curriculum in which he identifies forces, factors, groups, and individuals that have confounded the successful development and implementation of critical, issues-centered study in schools. He casts the sometimes successful but generally failing struggle as a civil war waged against reformist social studies by various influential groups, individuals, and elements of the media. While describing the efforts of some heroes of progressive education, he also faults leadership among the progressives and the National Council for the Social Studies (NCSS), originally founded in the reformist tradition, for its failure in the struggle to make the meliorist approach the preeminent one. Following Kliebard's (1986) interest group theory, Evans identifies and describes six competing camps or traditions. Those include traditional historians who see history as the core of social studies, social science advocates who see social studies as social science made suitable for schools, social efficiency proponents who see the purpose of social studies as fostering a more efficient society, social meliorists who want to develop students' reflective thinking and thereby contribute to social improvement, social reconstructionists who want social studies to assist in the transformation of American society, and eclectic or consensus educators who see social studies as an umbrella for multiple approaches and traditions (Evans 2004, 1–4). Evans's delineation of approaches is vastly more complex and richer than those proposed by other scholars, in particular the trilogy proposed by Barth and Shermis (1970) more than three decades ago and later elaborated on by Barr, Barth, and Shermis (1978), works curiously not mentioned or referenced by Evans. Nor does Evans reference some other fairly recent histories of the social studies and of the role of history and the social sciences in schools, such as the accounts by former NCSS presidents Stanley Wronski and Donald Bragaw (1986) or the major publication for the National Commission for Social Studies in the Schools by David Jenness (1990), perhaps because those offer a contrasting disciplinary perspective. The NCSS bulletin edited by O. L. Davis Jr. (1996) provides a variety of perspectives and insights on the role of NCSS, and it is not referenced either. A brief introduction, seven chapters, and a brief conclusion, plus references and index, comprise the book. In the introduction, Evans sets forth his purpose and theme: "social studies curriculum as a negotiation, if not a war, among competing camps." In chapter 1, he describes the late nineteenth-century and early twentieth-century precursors, the impact of the early committees, and the dominance of history. In chapter 2, he focuses on the Committee on Social Studies (1913–1916), the significant impact that its 1916 report subsequently had on establishing the social studies curriculum for the next several decades, the founding of the National Council for the Social Studies, the growth of progressive education, and the role of Harold Rugg in the movement. Chapter 3 deals with the turf struggle in the 1930s over the direction of social studies as part of the larger struggle between progressive educators and scholars such as Dewey, Kilpatrick, Counts, Beard, and others and their critics, such as Bagley, Flexner, Hutchins, and the Hearst newspapers. The American Historical Association's Commission on Social Studies and its multivolume work, the significance of Rugg's textBOOK REVIEW


In order to encourage local economies to improve, Korean central government is trying to move headquarter buildings in public sectors into innovation city which is a future-oriented city with optimal innovative condition and high-quality living environment. Ten innovation cities were located at the regions with good accessibility to national arterial network and easy connection with neighbor cities. The ten innovation cities are within two-hour traveled distance from Sejong city which has new administrative building complexes of the central government. Therefore transportation impact analyses would be needed to cope with the movements of the central government funded- organizations to innovation cities. As a fundamental task of the transportation impact analyses, this project was initiated with three-stage works including 1) collecting data and information related with current transportation condition; 2) conducting traffic impact analyses including trip distribution between ten innovation cities and other metropolitan areas including Seoul, Busan etc., transportation connection system among the other cities, transit system of inter- and intra- innovation cities, and interview survey for individual behaviors;, suggesting the necessity of transportation policies counter-measuring problems and issues which would happen in a fundamental task of the transportation impact analyses of 10 innovation cities. Further, the authors hope that the results of this study would contribute to building future transportation policies with the aspects of comprehensive viewpoints. Also, based on the results of this study, it is expected to provide guidelines to lead the transportation impact analyses of 10 innovation cities.


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