F. B., a healthy labourer, aged 30, was admitted November 29th, I88X. He said that the present illness began two days before, being the first of the kind he had had. He knew no cause for it, and believed himself to have been quite well till then. There was great swelling of the tongue and floor of the mouth, mainly in the right side, and extending backwards to the root of the tongue. The surface of the mucous membrane was quite healthy, and the parts below the jaw were not at all swollen. Swallowing was almost impossible, but there was little pain beyond a sense of heat and a feeling of fulness or tightness about the tongue and throat. Occasionally there was some slight dyspncea: temperature 99° Fahr. The patient was kept in bed, purged, and carefully watched, lest laryngotomy might become necessary. On the 30th, the swelling had greatly increased ; the tongue was pushed up to the roof of the mouth by the cedema of the right side in the floor. Speech was no longer intelligible, and swallowing impossible; respiration not obstructed; temperature IOI0 Fahr. Attempts to examine the throat were so painful that the patient was etherised, and a careful examination made. The swelling was found to be limited to the anterior part of the mouth and tongue. The fauces were not themselves cedematous or inflamed, though closed by the swollen tongue being pushed back against them. The cheeks and soft parts below the jaw were not brawny nor enlarged beyond slight fulness. There were no enlarged lymphatic glands, and breathing through the nose was not impeded. In the forenoon of December ist, a group of vesicles appeared on the right side of the tongue and floor of the mouth, and the patient made signs that he was somewhat less distressed. Towards evening he managed to swallow beef-tea by spoonfuls. During the night the swelling rapidly diminished, and by December 3rd was almost gone. On December 4th, a purulent discharge was observed to escape from the right ear. This was wiped away, and a pedunculated polypus was found growing from the side of the meatus, and lying against the membrana tympani. The growth was removed with a snare, and the meatus washed with dilute zinc lotion. The patient now recollected that a few weeks before he had had ear-ache occasionally. On December 5th, the mouth was perfectly well, and after a few applications of nitrate of silver to the stump of the polypus, that healed soundly. The interest of this case lay in the apparently alarming condition of the patient, and in the facility with which the swelling might be mistaken for dangerous inflammation from stings, caustic poisons, other forms of glossitis, or even, at first sight, for suppurative inflammation of the deeper layers of cellular tissue below the jaw, of which the two following cases are examples. This affection is exceedingly rare; it is said that similar cases have been recorded by German aurists.


The problems of the environment are complex and closely related to a country's social-economic status, to its progress in general. The economic growth must not deteriorate the environment; in fact it has to guarantee a constant protection correlated with the improvement of the life quality. The contradiction between the economic growth and the natural environment has suffered transformations during time, the adaptation of the economic growth to the natural resources' volume and quality at a certain moment becoming a necessity as well as the rational utilization of both natural resources and environmental conditions. We do not have to stop the economic growth and development in order to prevent or eliminate pollution; we have, in fact, to obviate the causes that make the economic growth and development to be accompanied by pollution.


The realization of student-orientation in foreign language teaching lies on the exertion of teachers' dominant role and the students' conscious participation in language practice. Theories of Metacognitive strategies and the act of "la parole" in linguistics are of significance to the reform in foreign language teaching as well as in exploiting students' competence of language speaking and faculty of innovation.


The miniaturization of quantum information technology is a subject attracting a growing attention. The exploitation of spontaneous parametric down conversion in AlGaAs waveguides to generate photon pairs presents several advantages: high nonlinear susceptibility, room-temperature operation and high emission directionality in the telecom range. In this work we will present our recent results on three different kinds of AlGaAs devices: a selectively oxidized source based on form birefringence, a waveguide based on modal phase matching and a microcavity-based source based on counterpropagating phase matching. We will discuss and compare the figures of merit characterizing the three devices for quantum communication applications.


This
 study surveys the amount of stress hunting dogs are exposed to when working
 in an enclosure with wild boars. On the one hand it is based on the analysis
 of saliva specimens taken from 31 dogs which provided information about
 saliva cortisol, taken immediately after work in
 the enclosure, after hunting in a familiar hunting ground and in a stressless situation and on the other hand on the
 observation of the behaviour of 55 dogs while they
 were working in the enclosure. Further information was gained by
 Professor Hans Wunderlich's statistical
 evaluation of the enclosures' logbooks with the purpose of assessing
 the dogs' learning behaviour.
 The comparison of the various saliva cortisol specimens.proves that the strain dogs are exposed to in
 the enclosure does not surpass that in the familiar hunting ground.
 Furthermore the statistical evaluation showed that neither
 number or age of the boars nor the number of the dogs'
 attendances or gender influenced the amount of stress. This assessment is
 supported by the analysis of the video tapes showing the dogs' behaviour. It does not allow a confirmation of a higher
 level of stress. As far as the dogs' qualification for boar hunting is
 concerned, the training by the dog-handler is decisive. This is supported by
 Professor Wunderlich's evaluation of the
 enclosure logbooks. No proof could be found in this study that
 dogs working in the enclosures were exposed to a level of stress prohibited
 by German laws for the protection of animals. In actual fact it demonstrated
 that the hunting dogs' work there is equivalent to the work in the
 familiar hunting ground which is an appropriate and sensible way of using
 their capabilities.


This paper considers the stochastic job shop scheduling problem with the objective of minimizing the expected value of makespan and the processing times of jobs being subject to independent normal distributions. In order to solve this problem, we devise an Improved Quantum Genetic Algorithm (IQGA) and develop a stochastic expected value model. Different from traditional genetic algorithms, IQGA employs the idea of quantum theory, devises a converting mechanism of quantum representation aiming at job shop code, and proposes a new rotation angle table as the update mechanism of populatio. In addition, three crossover operators and three mutation operators are compared in order to obtain the best combination to improve algorithm performance. Compared with standard Genetic Algorithm (GA), experimental results achieved by IQGA demonstrate its feasibility and effectiveness while dealing with the stochastic job shop problem.


This paper explores the notion of authenticity and its implications in the Tang classical tale "The Story of Yingying" from the perspective of literati discourse formation. By constructing a problematic "authentic" romance and its public, the story succeeds in turning romance into a "reality." Signifying the symbolic entry of romance into the domestic space, the story reveals sophisticated strategies for adapting, validating, and expanding the Tang literati discourse on romance.


Discrete cosine transform (DCT) plays a significant role in the application of multimedia signal compression. In this paper, we proposed a high performance two dimensional DCT/IDCT circuit architecture. We designed a multiplier-less DCT circuit with the NEDA architecture, and implemented it on FPGA. As for the performance, the system clock of our DCT circuit can reach 58MHz, and the circuit finishes an 8x8 DCT transformation every eight clocks under the pipeline architecture. It can be applied in any kind of real-time multimedia compression/decompression system. As for the precision, the deviation of PSNR (Peak Signal to Noise Ratio) between float-point software DCT and our fixed-point hardware DCT is about 0.33db through the same JPEG compression process.


The current state‐of‐the‐art in image‐based modeling allows derivation of patient‐specific models of the lung, lobes, airways, and pulmonary vascular trees. The application of traditional engineering analyses of fluid and structural mechanics to image‐based subject‐specific models has the potential to provide new insight into structure–function relationships in the individual via functional interpretation that complements imaging and experimental studies. Three major issues that are encountered in studies of airflow through the bronchial airways are the representation of airway geometry, the imposition of physiological boundary conditions, and the treatment of turbulence. Here we review some efforts to resolve each of these issues, with particular focus on image‐based models that have been developed to simulate airflow from the mouth to the terminal bronchiole, and subjected to physiologically meaningful boundary conditions via image registration and soft‐tissue mechanics models. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2010;32:1421–1431. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


ABSTRACT Claims about the decline of regionalism in world politics have overlooked the continuing development and expansion of Chinese initiatives. This article critically examines the conventional conception of regionalism and develops a new flexible conceptual approach to the form of Chinese led-regionalism, and in particular its state-centric variant. The article examines the roles of China-led regionalism in the context of US–China rivalry through the case studies of ASEAN plus 1 (China) regarding the South China Sea, and the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation. The article also brings two separate sets of literatures on the politics of alliances and regionalism together by examining the role of regionalism in modifying the logic of alliances. It finds that China-led regionalism has modified the logic of alliance politics by developing a hybrid and overlapping membership arrangement that blurs friend–enemy assumptions. China-led regionalism in the area of security, however, has not provided a mechanism that can manage the rivalry between the US and China due to its exclusive nature.


Maintaining a stable level of power quality in the distribution network is a growing challenge due to increased use of power electronics converters in domestic, commercial and industrial sectors. Power quality deterioration is manifested in increased losses; poor utilization of distribution systems; mal-operation of sensitive equipment and disturbances to nearby consumers, protective devices, and communication systems. However, as the energy-saving benefits will result in increased AC power processed through power electronics converters, there is a compelling need for improved understanding of mitigation techniques for power quality problems.


The International Space Station (ISS) is designed with large deployable radiator panels that are used to reject waste heat from the habitation modules. Qualification testing of the Heat Rejection System (HRS) radiators was performed using qualification hardware only. As a result of those tests, over 30 design changes were made to the actual flight hardware. Consequently, a system level test of the flight hardware was needed to validate its performance in the final configuration. A full thermal vacuum test was performed on the flight hardware in order to demonstrate its ability to deploy on-orbit. Since there is an increased level of risk associated with testing flight hardware, because of cost and schedule limitations, special risk mitigation procedures were developed and implemented for the test program, This paper introduces the Continuous Risk Management process that was utilized for the ISS HRS test program. Testing was performed in the Space Power Facility at the NASA Glenn Research Center, Plum Brook Station located in Sandusky, Ohio. The radiator system was installed in the 100-foot diameter by 122-foot tall vacuum chamber on a special deployment track. Radiator deployments were performed at several thermal conditions similar to those expected on-orbit using both the primary deployment mechanism and the back-up deployment mechanism. The tests were highly successful and were completed without incident.


The goal of this study was to better understand what students expect from their college instructors in four areas: availability for out-of-class communication (OCC), student workload, in-class time use, and technology policies. Data from 606 participants were collected using an online survey design. Results showed that students' expectations for OCC are being met, but that expectations for workload are being violated. Results also suggest that students prefer engaging in instructor-led activities during class time and want to be able to use their technological devices for educational purposes during class, but not for social purposes.


The alcaloid content of the leaves of Melochia pyramidata L. was investigated. Chromatographic analysis showed the presence of three possibly alcaloid substances, one of them in the tertiary fraction, the other two in the quaternary fraction. One of these, tentatively designated as melochin, proved toxic to laboratory mice, affecting principally the hind legs. This substance is deduced to be the probable cause of the cattle disease known locally as "derrengue", which is characterized by paralysis of the hind legs.


The effects of plant in artificial wetland during the process of wastewater purifying and the cause of purification effect is expounded in detail,and the issues to be further studied on plants in the artificial wetland system are presented.Plants play the important roles in artificial wetland,the main function of plants include assimilating,utilizing,adsorbing and enriching pollutants;transmitting oxygen to the artificial wetland system for the growth,reproduction and decompositions of microorganisms;enhance and stabilize the hydraulic transportation of media.However,die back of plants,grown weed and shallow extension of root in the wetland,which affect the growth and purification efficiency of plants in wetland,are problems for artificial wetland management.To strength and enhance the roles of plants and the wastewater purification function of artificial wetland,the physiological ecology of plants such as gas transportation and exchange,photosynthesis and stressed physiology should be studied further to select optimum plants and suitable artificial wetland.


SCREENING FOR PROSTATE CANCER is an attempt to detect the disease in patients who are asymptomatic. Because local treatments (surgery or irradiation) can cure organ-confined disease, many physicians and patients feel that early detection will lead to improved overall survival. Prostate cancer screening, however, has not been proved to be beneficial. The possible harms of screening include applying treatment (together with the side effects) to patients who would not suffer ill effects from their cancer during their lifetime. This includes men in whom the natural history of their prostate cancer will not match that of their other diseases or advanced age. It also includes younger healthier men with "biologically insignificant" tumors. To justify screening programs, we must avoid detecting biologically insignificant cancers and detect and effectively treat asymptomatic cancers that would otherwise progress and cause illness or death. The results of digital rectal examinations are abnormal in 3% to 15% of screened men, leading to biopsies that reveal cancer in 0.2% to 3%. Because 30% of men older than 50 years have prostate cancer (by autopsy studies), digital rectal examination is not a good screening tool. On the other hand, for a patient in a physician's office for any reason whatsoever, this examination is relatively noninvasive, inexpensive, and has possible benefits unrelated to prostatic disease. Transrectal ultrasonography is more invasive, expensive, not widely available, and suffers from a lack of findings specific to prostate cancer. It is interpreted as abnormal in 7% to 60% of studies, resulting in the identification of tumors in 2% to 20% of the original group. These numbers suggest that transrectal ultrasonography would detect a higher number of cancers than would digital rectal examination, but too many men would be subjected to a biopsy with negative results. Because of these reasons, transrectal ultrasonography is not recommended as a screening procedure. Transrectal ultrasonography has become a useful way of accurately directing multiple systematic quadrantor sextant-type biopsies throughout the gland (regardless of the echo pattern) after another test indicates that a biopsy be done. If hypoechoic lesions are seen, biopsies may also be taken of them. Whereas transrectal ultrasonography certainly has other roles in the management of patients with known prostate cancer, for screening it has become merely a tool to assist in biopsy. Serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) measurement is now being used as a screening tool. A large number of patients with elevated PSA levels do not have cancer, however. Also, many patients with localized, asymptomatic prostate cancer do not have an elevated PSA level. If PSA levels are used to screen asymptomatic patients, a threshold must be defined for referral for biopsy. A lower threshold will result in more cancers detected but will also lead to a higher number of unnecessary biopsies. Many series in the literature use a PSA level as part of a multiple-test screening protocol. Only a few studies use a PSA level as the initial screening tool; these studies are most analogous to the everyday situation of physicians ordering PSA levels on patients without prostatic symptoms. One study reported a positive test rate of 15% and 3% for PSA thresholds of 4.0 and 10.0 ,ug per liter (Hybritech monoclonal units). Their cancer detection rate was 30% and 50%, respectively, in the men who underwent a biopsy. This represented 2.5% and 0.7% of the original number of men screened. Although systematic ultrasound-guided sextant biopsies were recommended for every man with a PSA level higher than 4.0 ,ug per liter, only 56% consented to the procedure. Making a correction for the men who refused a biopsy, the cancer detection rate would be about 4.5% and 1.5%, respectively, for the two threshold levels. These studies have since been repeated and the results confirmed by others. At present, there is no consensus among urologists as to the indications for biopsy and whether or not to do systematic quadrantor sextant-type biopsies. For example, an elevated PSA level above an arbitrarily set threshold will prompt some urologists to perform quadrant or sextant transrectal ultrasonogram-guided biopsies even if the results of the digital rectal examination are normal. On the other hand, other urologists will perform a biopsy only if a hypoechoic lesion is seen on a transrectal ultrasonogram or if there is palpable induration or a nodule. Although serum PSA measurements will pick up more cancers than the digital rectal examination, each test will pick up some cancers that the other will miss. For this and other reasons, PSA measurement should not replace rectal examination in primary physicians' office practices. If screening is chosen, transrectal ultrasonography should be used only as a biopsy tool, not as a screening instrument. Finally, it must be emphasized that there is no proven benefit of screening. At this time, there are no data to indicate that screening reduces the morbidity or mortality of prostate cancer. Screening may result in men receiving treatment unnecessarily due to either their coexistent disease, advanced age, or the indolent nature of the tumor itself. These men will suffer the morbidity and mortality of treatment without benefit. MICHAEL L. CHER, MD PETER R. CARROLL, MD San Francisco, California


Necrotizing soft tissue infections (NSTI) are characterized by fulminant tissue destruction and high mortality rates. Primary treatment is surgical debridement and antibiotics; hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) may be considered as adjuvant therapy. HBOT for NSTI remains controversial given the lack of quality evidence. HBOT is frequently used for NSTI at our institution; however, the early COVID-19 pandemic forced a significant decrease in its utilization. This practice change created an unusually high proportion of NSTI patients who did not receive HBOT at our institution and thus provided an opportunity to compare outcomes amongst NSTI patients who received HBOT against those who did not.

 We performed a retrospective cohort study of patients aged 18 years and older admitted with the diagnosis of NSTI between January 2018 and December 2020, a period that included the first 6 months of the pandemic (Figure 1). We collected data on patient demographics, comorbidities, infection location, pathogen, severity of illness (APACHE II score), whether HBOT was provided and number of dives. Outcomes included 90-day mortality, amputations, inpatient antibiotic days, ventilator days, and hospital length of stay. Figure 1Proportion of NSTI patients admitted to R Adams Cowley Shock Trauma Center who received HBOT between January 2018 through December 2020. Proportions were averaged over six month blocks.

 253 patients were included of whom 143 (56%) received HBOT and 110 (43.3%) did not. Baseline characteristics were similar between the groups except for Wound Surface Area (WSA) and APACHE II score (Table 1). Length of stay was significantly longer in HBOT patients (15.3 days vs 11.7 days p=0.005, Table 2). Fewer HBOT patients had amputations (7.5% vs 21% p=0.007) and fewer died within 90 days of admission (6.3% vs 14.5% p=0.029). When stratifying patients by APACHE II score, HBOT patients with APACHE II scores > 18 had significantly lower mortality than non-HBOT patients (9.7% vs 32.4% p=0.035).

 In this population of NSTI patients who underwent surgical debridement, HBOT was associated with lower incidence of amputation, and lower mortality. Patients with APACHE II scores >18 who received HBOT had lower mortality than those who did not. A prospective study should further evaluate the impact of HBOT on mortality and amputations.

 All Authors: No reported disclosures.


Polarized Raman spectra were obtained from a rope of aligned double-walled carbon nanotubes (DWNTs). The DWNTs exhibit a similar polarization dependence to individual semiconducting single-walled carbon nanotubes and a stronger depolarization effect than multiwalled carbon nanotubes attributed to their fewer shells. Based on group theory analysis and related theoretical predictions, the mode symmetry was identified and consequently we found that the G-band profile consisted of two groups of well-resolved modes related to two constituent tubes of DWNTs. The two constituent tubes generally retain their original mode symmetries and vibrations, suggestive of a weak interlayer interaction.


Information on the effect of a polysilicate solution obtained by mixing liquid glass with a silicic acid sol on the structure formation of lime compositions is presented. It was revealed that the amount of specific heat released when lime is wetted with a polysilicate solution is greater than when lime is wetted with water. This is due to the additionally released heat due to the chemical interaction of lime with polysilicate solution. It was found that the introduction of a polysilicate solution accelerates the development of plastic strength. For comparison, we used liquid glass and a sol of silicic acid as an additive. The synergistic effect of the influence of the polysilicate solution on the structure formation of lime finishing compositions was established, which manifests itself in the acceleration of the set plastic strength in comparison with silica sol and water glass. It has been established that the introduction of a polysilicate solution into the lime mixture formulation contributes to an increase in the resistance to slipping of the finishing layer. The optimal thickness of the finishing layer was determined, which is 20 mm, at which sliding from the vertical surface is not observed.


OBJECTIVE To explore the effects of Huilixinkang(HLXK),a mimetic polypeptide of Gq protein carboxyl terminus,on myocardial hypertrophy and expressions of myosin heavy chain(MHC) in mice.METHODS Sixty mice were randomly divided into 6 groups,ie control,model,losartan and HLXK(10,30,90 μg·kg-1) groups;and administrated with normal saline,noradrenaline 1.5 mg·kg-1(ip,bid),losartan 9 mg·kg-1 and HLXK 10,30,90 μg·kg-1(ip,bid),respectively.After 20 days′ treatment,all the mice were killed,and the cardiac hypertrophy indexes including heart weight index and left ventricular mass index were measured.The expressions of α-MHC and β-MHC in myocardium were determined using immunohistochemistry technique.RESULTS Noradrenaline could induce cardiac hypertrophy in mice significantly.Losartan 9 mg·kg-1,HLXK(30,90 μg·kg-1) markedly decreased heart weight index and left ventricular mass index,elevated the expression of α-MHC and decreased the expression of β-MHC in myocardium.CONCLUSION HLXK can effectively prevent cardiac hypertrophy in mice,and balance the expression of myosin heavy chain in the process of myocardial hypertrophy.


In recent years there is an intense debate going on concerning the advantages and disadvantages of implementing an integrated supervision of the financial sector. For decades financial supervision was mostly organized in the form of specialized agencies for the banking, securities and insurance sectors, but in the last few years a lot of industrialized countries (UK, Germany, Sweden) and countries in transition especially in Central and Eastern Europe (Latvia, Estonia, Hungary), have started to integrate these different supervisory functions into one agency. Taking into account the effect of increasing cross ownership in the financial system between banks and non-bank financial institutions and the trend towards financial conglomerates, the need for better and more efficient coordination between regulators of banks, insurance companies and capital market intermediaries will increase. Therefore it seems that an integrated financial supervision authority or at least a "twin peaks" model would make sense even in the case of Croatian financial sector. Nevertheless a lot of questions arise, like under what conditions should, or should not, a country consider moving to an integrated model of financial supervision? How should an integrated agency be structured, organized and managed? How should the integration process itself be implemented, because there is a danger that during this process the financial system is perhaps not supervised adequately? Considering all these reasons mentioned above, the models of integrated financial supervision of selected countries in Europe and Croatia will be presented and intensively discussed.


We develop a method for obtaining accurate closed‐form approximations to partition functions for all values of the temperature. The method is based on an alternative application of the Euler–Maclaurin summation formula and is therefore restricted to those partition functions which can be treated by such an approach. As an illustrative example we discuss the rigid rotor and show analytic expressions for the partition functions obtained by summing over all states, even states, and odd states.


The importance of following social responsibility by an accountant while performing professional duties has been studied as well as the role of an accountant in the corruption elimination has been analyzed in the article.


ABSTRACT A dynamic model of herd behaviour with delay time and media is established and analysed to discover the latent mechanism that represents how capital flows in the stock market. We prove that solutions of the model are uniformly bounded, and the contagion threshold is obtained. The stability of positive equilibrium points of the model with zero and nonzero delay is discussed. An optimal control problem with media is formulated, and Pontryagin's maximum principle is applied to find an optimal strategy to control herding. Several numerical simulations show the effect of media and delay on herd behaviour. Finally, the practical meaning of the presented model is briefly discussed.


ABSTRACT "Prostitution is the world of four miseries; economic misery, emotional misery, cultural misery and sexual misery" (International Abolitionist Federation 1995: 6). As a Social Worker in the inner city, the author became acutely aware of the issues raised above through listening to prostituted women and their children. This paper describes her attempts to address the issues raised by setting up and running an advice and skills-based group for prostituted women with children. Feminist theory was used to inform the author's understanding of prostitution and her practice in the group.


We propose and demonstrate a new fiber length measurement method, which supports large absolute length and high accuracy measurement of fiber. This method is based on multi-stage optical fiber delay lines structure and self-calibration method with Precision Reflectometer. The precision maintains 20 µm and the enlarged measurement range reaches to 6395.43mm.


In this work, the existence and uniqueness of mild solutions for a class of neutral stochastic impulsive functional integro-differential equation with finite delay in a Hilbert space, driven by a fractional Brownian motion (fBm) BH with Hurst parameter H ∊ (1/2, 1) is investigated.


The Father is a figure that contribute to development the way of thinking and morality of the children. Many scholars today believe that is the father not only struggle for economic of their family but also for a wide scope of activity included education of the children. Its very interesting to know that has been written in al-Quran long before the expert said. So, the aim of this study is to describe the fact in al-Quran related to the role of the father educated and the strategy they used in detail. This study applied descriptive qualitative research in which the data are obtained from some dialogis verses in Al-Quran. The data obtained by taking note technique, reading technique and supported by document analisys technique. After analyzing the data, it is found that the father was a person who knew deeply of their children character. Al-Quran teach the reader to be a wise father for their children, to understand their problem, not so emotional, speak the truth and avoid the trouble. Beside, the father must trust their children with all of sincere heart and soul.


We evaluated 203 healthy pre-school children between the ages of 4½ and 5½ during 1 week in March. Using anthropologists' calipers, maximum head lengths (glabella to opisthocranium) and the maximum head breadth (euryon to euryon) were measured. A second investigator performed tympanometry. Neither investigator knew the other's results when assessing a subject. Cephalic index (CI) = Maximum head breadth × 100/head length Mean = 76.1 SD ± 3.7 Children were considered brachycephalic whose CI>79.8 (+1 SD), those with a CI between 72.4 and 79.8 were mesoce½ja;oc. and those with a CI< 72.4 (-1 SD) were considered dolichocephalic. A tympanometry failure was defined as a Jerger's Type B tympanogram in one or both ears.Brachycephalic children were also found to have significantly more effusions than meso- and dolichocephalic children considered together (p < 0.05). Apache Indians are brachycephalic people (CI = 90) and have poor ET function, as is the case with those having Down's syndrome. It is possible that brachycephaly reflects an anatomical variation in the cranial base which, in turn, predisposes to poor ET function & middle ear pathology.


lood transfusions are prevalent treatment procedures nowadays for various medical conditions that involve the administration of whole blood or separated blood components alone or in various combinations that can be administered intravenously; these are undertaken with therapeutic or curative goals in mind, they may carry associated risks and complications that must be weighed against the benefits before initiating therapy. A typical subset of complications associated with transfusions includes Transfusion reactions. These include Non-infectious (Acute and Delayed) and infectious complications. Non-infectious transfusion reactions include Immune-mediated reactions to blood components, such as Febrile Non-hemolytic Transfusion reactions (FNHTR), Allergic Transfusion reactions, Hemolytic Transfusion reactions (HTR), Transfusion-related Acute Lung Injury (TRALI), and Transfusion Associated Graft versus Host Disease (TAGVHD), these reactions have different mechanism and complications between them. They can be differentiated for the mechanism of action, presentation time, and clinic. Blood transfusion immunological reactions remain a significant concern in clinical settings, leading to various symptoms. Diagnosing these reactions requires careful monitoring and evaluation of the patient's clinical status and laboratory parameters. The prevention methods for these reactions include pre-transfusion testing, selecting appropriate blood products, and using leukoreduced blood products. Treatment options may include supportive care, discontinuation of transfusion, and immunosuppressive therapy in severe cases. This article aims to provide an overview of how to identify immune-mediated transfusion reactions, manage them as they occur, and even prevent them if possible.


Metastasis is the most dangerous step in cancer progression and causes more than 90% of cancer death. Although many researchers have been working on biological features and characteristics of metastasis, most of its genetic level processes remain uncertain. Some studies succeeded in elucidating metastasis related genes and pathways, followed by predicting prognosis of cancer patients, but there still is a question whether the result genes or pathways contain enough information and noise features have been controlled appropriately. To address these problems, we conducted comparisons between primary tumors and secondary metastatic tumors. Noises from the differences of tissue specific characteristics between two types of tumors have been controlled by additional analyses. In this paper, we suggest a new method for identifying genes and pathways which secure metastasis dependency and are free of metastasis independent features.


Nowadays, undoubtedly, one of the severely potential hazards threatening societies due to the migration processes is the spread of extremist ideologies of terrorism among immigrants worldwide. The article analyzes the effectiveness of adaptation and integration mechanisms so as to prevent the spread of ideologies of extremism and terrorism among migrants. This paper illustrates that adaptation and integration mechanisms have significant multifunctional capabilities in preventing the spread of ideologies of extremism and terrorism among migrants. Different approaches to solving migration issues are taken into consideration. It is positively proven that for the prevention of manifestations of the ideologies of extremism as well as terrorism amongst migrants, a particular model of cultural integration is required. Where integration is able to provide a high degree of cultural cohesion, the formation of mutual respect between cultures so that new cultures can integrate into the existing unified culture of the country. As a result, effective mechanisms for the adaptation and integration of migrants in order to prevent the spread of ideologies of extremism and terrorism among migrants are proposed.


A chipseal testing device (CTD) capable of applying vertical and horizontal loads and loading frequencies typical of actual traffic is described. The CTD uses a pneumatic system to apply vertical loads up to 1 tonne and a hydraulic actuator to impart horizontal loads (up to 50 kN) at 1.7 metres per second (6 km per hour) - equivalent to 10 percent sideways slippage for a vehicle cornering at 60 km per hour. A number of preliminary experiments using the CTD are described in which seven different binder types (including polymer modified binders) are compared using artificial seals constructed on steel plates with grade 3 aggregate (9.1-13.2 mm). The force required to dislodge a steel disk glued to the chip surface was recorded as a function of displacement. Correlations between the measured peak stress and failure energy and binder properties were poor. This was ascribed to the fact that binders in the seals experienced large finite strains and at effectively a high frequency of loading. A significantly better correlation was found between stiffness modulus and peak stress. Two final experiments illustrate the importance of binder film thickness and substrate surface texture on seal strength. (a) For the covering entry of this conference, please see IRRD abstract no. 492019.


The patient was a 67-year-old woman. She had a St Jude mechanical mitral prosthesis in 2000. The patient presented recurrent syncope and worsening of heart failure functional class to II–III NYHA and, had …


In this paper we study the L\'evy Ornstein- Uhlenbeck equation $\partial_t X_t=-m\,X_t+\eta$. The transition kernel of the L\'evy Ornstein- Uhlenbeck process is given by a series which is not convergent in general, a large diffusion expansion of the transition kernel of the L\'evy Ornstein- Uhlenbeck process will be given as well. The obtained series can be re-expressed in terms of generalized Feynman graphs and Feynman rules.


This article focuses on the physiotherapist perspective on the importance of pathophysiology of the Supraspinatus. Tendonitis is a very frequent cause of shoulder pain. The tendinopathy of supraspinatus most frequently affects people involved in various sports driven actions and above the head work in our daily living. It is thought to be caused by both intrinsic and extrinsic factors, but for simplification they were divided into Anatomical, Biomechanical, Vascularity, Activity related, Biochemical and Age-related factors. The following data-bases were searched for both published and unpublished studies in English language for the period of 1962 to 2022: PubMed, EMBRACE, MedLine, Web of Science, Scopus. The following terms were used to carry out the search: Shoulder, impingement, supraspinatus, pain, pathophysiology, physiotherapy implication, athletes, older adults. We conclude that it is important to have in-depth knowledge about these concepts of pathophysiology of pain in terms of all possible etiologies and the healing process which helps the physiotherapist to make wise decisions about the rehabilitation process.


A field experiment was carried out at University of Zalingei demonstration farm, Zalingei, Central Darfur State, Sudan during two successive rainy seasons 2001 and 2002 to evaluate four guar genotypes (Shambat, Wadi Salih local, Guar Company and Zalingei local which designated as V1, V2, V3 and V4 respectively) were grown under rain fed condition. A complete randomized design with four replicates were used during the two seasons .Plant growth attributes (plant height, number of leaves per plant and number of branches per plant) and yield components (Number of seeds per pot, seed yield per plant , 1000 seed weight and seed yield per feddan) were measured in each season. Results showed that the differences between guar genotypes were significant (p ≤ 0.05) for plant height, number of leaves per plant and number of branches per plant. Genotype V4 gave the lowest plant height and number of leaves/plant in the two seasons, while, genotype V3 produced the highest number of branches per plant throughout the two seasons. Analysis of variance for yield components showed significant differences (p ≤ 0.05) among the four genotypes in seed yield per plant and yield per feddan. Genotype V3 gave the lowest seed yield per feddan, while V1 and V4 produced the highest yield per plant and per feddan.


The present invention relates to weaken purposes of the substance of BACE1 and PS1 interaction in the composition of preparation treatment Alzheimer's disease.Disclosing the substance for weakening and interacting between BACE1 and PS1 for the first time is a kind of novel secretion enzyme adjustment agent not influenced on the activity of BACE1 and gamma-secretase but energy specificity inhibits A β to generate, and can be used as anti-Alzheimer disease class drug.


For simply-laced Kac-Moody algebras g, Stembridge [8] proposed a 'local' axiomatization of crystal graphs of representations of Uq(g). In fact, because of an important result in [3] an essential part in studying such crystals should have been carried out for the simplest nontrivial case g = sl(3). Our paper [1] gives a combinatorial construction that describes the formation of any crystal of representations of Uq(sl(3)), a regular crystal graph of type A2. In this paper we attempt to carry out a similar programme for the algebra sp(4). We follow the ideology of [1] and propose axioms of monotonicity and commutativity for edge-2-colored graphs which characterize the crystals of integrable representations of Uq(sp(4)), regular crystal graphs of B2-type. An edge-colored directed graph which obeys our Axioms (K0)–(K5) is called an R-graph (for brevity), and our main result is that the regular crystals of B2-type are R-graphs and vice versa. In particular, axiom (K5) refines Sternberg's B2-type relations by involving a certain labeling on the crystal edges. At the end of [8], Stembridge conjectured a list of relations between crystal operations for the B2 case and Sternberg proved this conjecture in [7].


After earning her doctorate from Wright State University, Dr. Gerschutz spent five years working for WillowWood, a lower-limb prosthetic company, leading efforts in research and assisting product development and testing. As part of her term at WillowWood, she was a two time recipient of the prestigious Thranhardt Award for Prosthetic Research Dr. Gerschutz passion for teaching has drawn her away from industry towards the academic setting, but has left her enthusiasm for bettering the lives of others. She is currently the Chair of the Biomedical Engineering Department at Trine University. Her focus areas of teaching include introduction to biomedical engineering, biomaterials, bioinstrumentation and dynamics.


Spall, the result of tensional failure of material, has been observed in compressive, explosive surface tests. The configuration of these tests requires the spall mechanism to be different from the classical theory of tensional reflection of a compressive wave from a free surface. The data show that following the initial compression and partial rebound, acceleration wave forms have −1 g dwells followed by an impulsive rejoin which has been identified as spall. The spall appears to be caused by shear waves initiating from the finite edges of the explosive source. The shear waves tend to force the material, both under and beyond the explosive array, upward until the soil fails and falls with a −1 g acceleration. This is a new mechanism for the generation of spall due to explosions and is completely different from the classical theory. The new mechanism applies to the case of surface sources.


A liquid formulation for spraying to be delivered by the pump action which is not a propellant-directed aerosol formulation, comprising emulsifying solutions or formulations containing at least 1.0 mg of cannabinoids per 0.1 ml of liquid formulation for buccal release spray, where the spray liquid comprises: * tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD) in a predefined weight ratio, * a solvent and * a co-solvent, where the solvent is ethanol and the co-solvent is: (i) a co-solvent that acts as solubility enhancer which is a derivative of polyoxyethylene dericin oil, or ii) a co-solvent that is propylene glycol or glycerol, (and where the liquid spray formulation is discharged through a separator button and released through a nozzle of a such that the aerodynamic diameter of the particles produced is 15 and 45 micrometers.


The method of determining sulfur content in iron ore by infrared absorption spectrometry with high frequency induction furnace combustion is described in the article.The optimal test parameters for the determination were selected based on the type and dosage of flux,weight of sample,sequence of adding the sample and flux,as well as on the selections of test time and comparison level.Being convenient and quick,the method can yield satisfactory results with a determination range of 0.008 ~ 20%,and a precision of 0.64 ~ 3.12% depending on the sulfur content of the sample.The method is also in accordance with the National Standards for Iron Ore "GB 6730.16,GB 6730.17".


This short communication paper seeks attentions to rethink about the optimum pH range that can create anomalies in aquatic environment and human health. Optimizing pH value is one of the most important task in ranging the physico-chemical parameters especially for surface water quality. Aquatic system of a water body is profoundly dependent on pH range. Presence of free dissolved CO2 which is a vital element for aquatic plants survival that is mostly dependent on water pH range value. In addition, pH range of an aquatic body can influence the O2 availability, water body productivity, stress on fish health and ammonical as well as the metallic toxicity on human health. This short communication suggests that considering a universal optimum pH range for a water body e.g. 6.5-8.5 would not be wise rather this pH optimum range should be considered on the basis of site and water usage variations.


We point out that by the 'smoothness means fast decay' principle in Fourier analysis, it is possible to infer the smoothness (or nonsmoothness) of the autocorrelation function from a mere glimpse of the initial state. Specifically, for a generic system with smooth eigenstates, the smoother an initial state is, the faster its decomposition coefficients with respect to the eigenstates of the system decay, and in turn the smoother the autocorrelation function is. The idea is illustrated with three increasingly smooth functions in an infinite square well. By using the Mellin transform, we also find that the nonsmoothness or singularity of the initial state affects the short-time behavior of its autocorrelation function. In particular, a sufficiently nonsmooth or singular initial state could decay in a nonquadratic power law, with the exponent continuously tunable. We now understand the periodic cusps of the autocorrelation function in the quench dynamics of a Bloch state, which was observed previously (Zhang and Yang 2016 Europhys. Lett. 114 60001).


Ethical thought is articulated around normative concepts (see normativity). Standard examples of normative concepts are good, reason, right, ought, and obligatory. Theorists often treat the normative as an undifferentiated domain. Even so, it is common to distinguish between two kinds of normative concepts: evaluative or axiological concepts (from the Latin valores or the Greek axios, both meaning that which has worth), such as good, and deontic concepts (from the Greek deon, meaning that which is binding), such as ought. The basic idea behind the distinction, which is a generalization of the traditional opposition between value and duty, is that there is a difference between terms that are used to assess the worth of things and to express states such as approval or disapproval, on the one hand, and terms that are used to tell us what to do and not to do, on the other.

Keywords:

ethics;
philosophy


The invention discloses an automatic double-overlaying control system and method for an abraded of a large roller shaft. The system comprises a sliding module, an extending and retracting module, a polishing module, a gear module, an overlaying module, a flaw detection module, a heating module, an input module and a programmable logic controller (PLC). A starting point and a terminal point of a welding point on the roller shaft are input into the input module and converted into digital signals which are transmitted to the PLC, a corresponding result is obtained through calculation by means of the PLC, and an executing signal is transmitted to the sliding module, the extending and retracting module, the polishing module, the gear module, the overlaying module, the flaw detection module and the heating module. By means of the control system and method, automatic overlaying of the abraded roller shaft is achieved, polishing, cleaning, welding, flaw detection and heating can be conducted on the abraded roller shaft automatically, and manpower resources are greatly saved; in addition, the accuracy and efficiency are high.


Background
Based on CT image data, a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model of the aortic arch was established. We aimed to investigate the hemodynamic features associated with end-to-side anastomosis (ESA) surgery for coarctation of the aorta (CoA) by CFD model.

Methods
The data of enhanced CT two-dimensional medical images obtained through clinical practice were processed using medical image post-processing software. The three-dimensional model of the aortic arch was obtained through the geometric model and boundary condition. This was subsequently transformed into a CAD model, which can be used for simulation calculation.

Results
The CFD model accurately reflected the shape of the aortic arch, and produced the hemodynamic results before and after ESA for CoA.

Conclusions
The CFD model provides a virtual execution platform for the scientific research of aortic arch disease and will be helpful to evaluate the operation plan, even to determine the best surgical procedure. Hemodynamic analysis may be helpful to evaluate the therapeutic effects of other aortic diseases.


Constitutive expression of IFN- b by HIV target cells may be an alternative or complementary therapeutic approach for the treatment of AIDS. We show that macrophages derived from CD34 1 cells from umbilical cord blood can be efficiently transduced by a retroviral vector carrying the IFN- b coding sequence. This results in resistance to infection by a macrophage-tropic HIV type 1, as shown by the drastic reduction in the HIV DNA copy number per cell and in p24 release. Moreover, IFN- b transduction totally blocked secretion of proinflammatory cytokines after HIV infection. The constitutive IFN- b production also resulted in an increased production of IL-12 and IFN- g Th1-type cytokines and of the b -chemokines macrophage-inflammatory protein-1 a , macrophage-inflammatory protein-1 b , and RANTES. RANTES was found to be involved in the HIV resistance observed, and this was correlated with a down-regulation of the CCR-5 HIV entry coreceptor. These results demonstrate the feasibility and the efficacy of such IFN- b -mediated gene therapy. In addition to inhibiting HIV replication, IFN- b transduction could have beneficial immune effects in HIV-infected patients by favoring cellular immune responses. The Journal of Immunology, 2000, 164: 1582– 1587. Bergisch Gladbach, Germany). After purification, CD34 1 cells were pre- stimulated with cytokines IL-3 (200 U/ml; R&D Systems, Abingdon, U.K.), IL-6 (500 U/ml; PeproTech, London, U.K.), and SCF (40 U/ml; R&D Systems) in IMDM (Life Technologies, Cergy Pontoise, France) supplemented with 10% of heat-inactivated FCS (HyClone, Erembodegem Aalst, Belgium). Flow cytometric analysis demonstrated a purity of . 99% CD34 1 cells. to detect the human glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydroge- nase transcripts as a quantitative control. To estimate chemokine receptor expression, cDNA products were amplified for 40 cycles using the follow- ing primers: a CXCR-4 primer set 5 9 -ACGTCAGTGAGGCAGATG-3 9 sense and 5 9 - GATGACTGTGGTCTTGAG-3 9 antisense and a CCR-5 primer set 5 9 -GTCCAATCTATGACATCA-3 9 sense and 5 9 -GGT GTAATGAAGACCTTC-3 9 antisense. The reaction products were de- tected by autoradiography after electrophoresis on 4% nondenaturing poly-acrylamide gels and were quantified using the PhosphorImager (Molecular Dynamics Sevenoaks, U.K.).


PURPOSE: A lead-free composition for the preparation of an aluminum enamelware is provided, which is applied to the inner surface of an aluminum enamelware to improve the tensile strength and the thermal conductivity and to reduce the harmfulness by employing CuO and aluminum oxide instead of a lead-containing material. CONSTITUTION: The lead-free composition comprises the steps of mixing 43 wt% of silicon dioxide, 1-2 wt% of boron oxide, 30 wt% of sodium oxide, 20 wt% of titanium dioxide, 2 wt% of calcium oxide, 0.1 wt% of CuO and 1.5 wt% of aluminum oxide, melting the mixture and injecting the molten one into a cool water to cool it rapidly to form frit; pulverizing the frit by using a common ball mill; and mixing the pulverized frit with water in the ratio of 6:4, and adding 0.2-0.5 wt% of clay, 0.2-2 wt% of boric acid, 2-5 wt% of sodium silicate, 2-5 wt% of silica and 0.3-0.7 wt% of methanol to the mixture to mix them to form slip.


The invention relates to a system and method for secure boot across multiple processors. A Using this system and method, the boot code is divided into a plurality of boot code partitions. Processors in a multi-processor system is selected to be a boot processor, respectively, given a boot code partition to be executed at a predetermined boot code sequence. Each processor executes the boot code partition according to the boot code sequence, signaling the execution without compromised the success of the boot code partition to the next processor. If any of the processors is not signaling a completed or not compromised execution or both of the success of the boot code partition, boot operation fails. Processor with respect boot operation, for example, can be arranged daisy chain arrangement, a ring configuration, or master / slave arrangement. .The


Real-time road traffic congestion monitoring is an important and challenging problem. Most existing monitoring approaches require the deployment of infrastructure sensors or large-scale probe vehicles. Their installation is often expensive and temporal-spatial coverage is limited. Probe vehicle data are oftentimes noisy on urban arterials, and therefore insufficient to provide accurate congestion estimation. This paper presents a novel social-media based approach to traffic congestion monitoring, in which pedestrians, drivers, and passengers a retreated as human sensors and their posted tweets in Twitter as observations of nearby ongoing traffic conditions. There are three technical challenges for road traffic monitoring based on Twitter, namely: 1) language ambiguity in the usage of traffic related terms, 2) uncertainty and low resolution of geographic location mentions, and 3) interactions between traffic-related events such as accidents and congestion. We propose a topic modeling based language model to address the first challenge and a collaborative inference model based on probabilistic soft logic (PSL) to address the second and third challenges. We present a unified statistical framework that combines those two models based on hinge loss Markov random fields (HLMRFs). In order to address the computational challenges incurred by the non-analytical integral of latent variables (factors) and the MAP estimation of a large number of location-dependent traffic congestion variables, we propose a fast approximate inference algorithm based on maximization expectation (ME) and the alternating directed method of multipliers (ADMM). Extensive evaluations over a variety of metrics on real world Twitter and INRIX probe speed datasets in two U.S. Major cities demonstrate the efficiency and effectiveness of our proposed approach.


Alcohol, refined sugar and tobacco should be used in moderation, if at all. Societies which have no experience of these substances often 'go overboard' for them when they first meet them. They like them too much! These societies need time to build up their controls and defences against the abuse of these substances. This is certainly the task for Aborigines, and it appears to be the task ahead for Papua New Guinea. This report comes from Connexions.


Objective To study the significance of bone alkaline phosphatase(BALP) in diagnosis of early-stage rickets. Methods With the technique of whole blood dry chemistry, BALP activity of 48 young children with suspected early rickets was measured and X-rayed. Results 200 U/L one case(normal),200~250 U/L two cases(suspected rickets),250 U/L 45 cases(clinical rickets); abnormal X-ray findings 40 cases.The consistent rate was 88.9%. Conclusion Blood BALP level may be used for the diagnosis of early-stage rickets, it is worth while to popularize in grass-roots hospitals.


One of the results of the network planning is a diagram that has identified critical path whose duration is equal to the project duration. For the purpose of the research in this paper, network diagram is observed with critical and subcritical paths and the influence of subcritical path on project duration is taken into the consideration. Superposition has been applied in order to define project duration, i.e. getting resulting — superponed path. Used methods are: analytical method — based on Clark's equations and numerical method – Monte Carlo simulation. Analytical method was basis for developing the project duration assessment model, which main characteristics are also presented in this paper.


The article summarizes nearly four years literature of traditional Chinese medicine( TCM) combined narrowband ultraviolet B( NB-UVB) on the treatment of vitiligo,from five aspects,including NB-UVB combined with topical Chinese medicine,oral Chinese medicine,Chinese medicine injections,external therapy of Chinese medicine and comprehensive therapy of Chinese medicine,respectively,to provide certain ideas for the treatment of vitiligo.


This paper estimates the biggest form of accuracy of the right-half square of an analytic function (1-e-z)Z-1 , and it gives an application about it.


Phase Change Memory (PCM) has been considered as a leading candidate to replace the traditional DRAM in embedded systems due to its promising characteristics such as low leakage power, low cost, non-volatility, and high scalability. One of the constraints that undermine the credential of PCM as main memory is its limited write endurance. In this paper, we develop wear-leveling techniques purely on the Operating System (OS) level to extend lifetime of PCM. Without extra hardware support, OS management is more flexible to be integrated into existing embedded systems. To achieve wear-leveling, the Periodical Page Swapping (PPS), Rearrangement Inequality Based Page Allocation (RIPA), and Write Intensity Based Process Scheduling (WIPS) algorithms are proposed in this paper on OS level. The experimental results show that the proposed techniques can significantly extend the lifetime of PCM main memory.


This paper presents a survey on soil Pb concentration around Sepahanshahr town located in vicinity of Isfahan. Due to the lack of regulation and environmental education and awareness, Sepahanshahr is now a rapid growing residential area suffering from the considerable consequences of poorly regulated mining activities operating in its vicinity. The aim of this study is to explore the spatial structure of Pb distribution and to map Pb pollution using geostatistical techniques. 100 near-surface soil samples were collected and analyzed for Pb and some other related soil physical and chemical variables such as pH, organic matter content, electrical conductivity, clay, silt and sand contents. The variography results show a strong spatial dependency in Pb data due to the dilution effects of natural factors including atmospheric dispersion and precipitation. The almost same range values calculated for both Ln-transformed Pb data and sand content suggest presence of co-regionalization. Kriged Pb map shows a strong gradient of Pb concentration around the three mining sites activating in the area. The results of this study provide insight into identification of the extent and the spatial variability of Pb pollution in the mining sites and surrounding area.


Background: The mammal's inner ear is responsible for hearing and balance. To perform these tasks, it requires the vestibular and cochlear system. Sensor neural hearing loss (SNHL) is the most common type of hearing loss resulting in degeneration of internal sensory hair cell, where cochlear nerve in cochlear stem cell and gene-based strategies provide the opportunity for replacement for these cells. Aim: In this review, we evaluated the efficiency of stem cell therapy in inner ear. Methods: In this study we examined different articles in different databases such as Google Scholar, PubMed, and Elsevier. Results: The stem cells have offered desired results in the delivery of gene and tissue engineering programs. Evidence suggests that stem cells are considered as a promising tool in medical applications thanks to their high plasticity and trophic characteristics. Conclusion: In this review, Stem cell transplantation is widely used in clinical practice, and the source is highly desirable, since the patient's bone marrow cells can be potentially transplanted without any safety problems.


cherished source of audience catharsis. Obviously, the cathartic effect was legitimately achieved, judging from the enthusiastic standing ovation. However, what captivates a spectator of a live performance does not axiomatically beguile the fault-finding viewer of a video recording. Yet, despite the horse sense of bitter homebound critics who are always in the saddle, the desperate plea 'A horse! a horse! my kingdom for a horse!' invariably strikes you, whether you hear it straight from the horse's mouth or almost 10 years later in default standard (i.e. lowish) video quality, introduced by YouTube to lessen the strain on broadband networks during lockdown. What is more, on our Shakespearean map, there appeared a new noteworthy point/location – Moldova – an ambitious dark horse with a bright future!


38,000 tonnes of waste is generated per day in Malaysia and 15,000 tonnes of that are food wastes. This waste should be recovered to produce a new valuable product that brings benefits such as fertiliser because it contains various nutrients such as proteins, carbohydrates. This study aims to determine the effects of thermal treatment on the macronutrient of food waste that collected from cafeteria of Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM). Hot water bath was employed as thermal treatment of food waste with five different temperatures (60 °C to 100 °C) with two reaction time (30 min and 60 min). The results have demonstrated increases in the percentage of nitrogen (N) and concentration of phosphorous (P) however for the concentration of potassium (K) shows inversely related after subjected to hot water bath. Thermal treatment showed the untreated sample only consists 2.13 % of N and 31.53 mg/L of P, and after the treatment resulted in an increase in N and P by 0.22 % - 3.39 % and 0.33 mg/L - 21.40 mg/L respectively. On the other hand, the concentration of K in the untreated sample is 0.4915 ppm and after treatment it decreases to 0.1051 ppm - 0.2052 ppm. Based on the range of macronutrient in organic fertilisers in Malaysia, only N was in the range and can directly employ as organic fertiliser while for P and K should undergo further treatment.


Fish chips are a fortified snack made from the main ingredients of serelia and fish. The purpose of this study was to improve the nutritional value and recommend the best formulation of catfish (Clarias Sp) chips. Completed Randomized Design method was employed-using three different concentration of meat of catfish treatments: 10%, 20%, and 30% with three repetition. Parameters of experiment were crude protein and hedonic test. Parametric data was analyzed with ANOVA; to distinguish treatment, Duncan was employed; to test non-parametric data, Kruskal-Wallis test was employed. The results showed that the increase of catfish meat percentage had significant effect (P <0,01) on protein content. Organoleptic results of flavor and texture, fish chips with meat of catfish as much as 20% is the preferred formulation by panelists. The recommended formulation of fish meat in the manufacture of fish chips is 20%.


We report CARS in hollow-core gas-filled PCF. The results pave the way to single-shot broadband (>4000 cm−1) CARS under ambient conditions. A detection limit of 300 ppm was reached with 200 mW overall laser power.


The maturation of the optical micro-electro mechanical systems technology has impulsed the development of the micro spectrometer.Compared to the traditional micro spectrometer,the spectrometer based on modulation can be used in biological,chemical and medical fields to detect the faint signals due to its inherent advantages.An overview of the developments of the micro spectrometer based on modulation is presented.The key problems in designing and fabricating the Fourier transform spectrometer(FTS) are discussed,and the progresses made worldwide in this field are also presented.


Covering a period of some 400 to 500 years up to the last decades of the nineteenth century, the author takes a wide range of examples from those societies whose levels of political organisation warrant the term 'states'. The arrangements for the exercise of power within these varied from states where one man or an oligarchy made decisions about war and peace to states where power was diffused between members of the community. North America: University of Wisconsin Press


The aim of the study was to identify cognitive disorders in patients with Parkinson's disease
Material and methods. The study was conducted on the basis of the neurological department of the Regional Clinical Hospital (Odesa) during 2011-2021. 364 patients were diagnosed with Parkinson disease (PD) on the basis of diagnostic criteria of the British Brain Bank. Clinical and demographic data were studied: age, sex, severity according to the UPDRS scale, stage of the disease according to the Hoen-Yahr scale, the presence of cognitive impairment and their nature. MMSE (Mini-Mental State Examination;) and PD-CRS (Parkinson's Disease-Cognitive Rating Scale) were used to study cognitive functions. Statistical processing was performed by analysis of variance, correlation and factor analysis using Statistica 13.0 software (TIBCO, USA).
Results.
At the onset of the disease, left lesions were noted in 126 of 364 patients, ie 34.6%, right - 127 (34.9%), the remaining 111 (30.5%) - bilateral lesions. The structure of the disease was dominated by mixed forms. Akinetic-rigid form was observed in 92 (25.3%) cases, trembling - in 27 (7.4%), mixed rigid-trembling in 157 (43.1%) cases, trembling-rigid in 92 (7.4%). Patients with stage 2 and 3 CP were most often registered in 28.6% and 28.0% of cases, respectively. 31 (8.5%) patients had more severe motor disorders (stages 3.5 and 4). Cognitive impairment was detected in a significant number of patients (238 or 45.2%), the mean score on the MMSE scale was 25.3 ± 0.3. Accordingly, on the PD-CRS scale, the average score was 91.2 ± 3.4 points. Subdemental changes were present in 82 (15.6%) patients. Accordingly, mild dementia was found in 15 (2.8%) patients, moderate dementia - in 18 (3.4%).
Conclusions:

The frequency of detection of cognitive impairment in patients with CP was 45.2% with a mean score on the MMSE scale of 25.3 ± 0.3, and on the PD-CRS scale - 91.2 ± 3.4 points
Dementia changes were in 82 (15.6%) patients, mild dementia was found in 15 (2.8%) patients, moderate dementia - in 18 (3.4%)
There is a direct correlation between the age and severity of intellectual disabilities (r = 0.50).
Self-care disorders are determined by the severity of both motor and cognitive disorders by 72% (R = 0.851; R2 = 0.723; Adjusted R2 = 0.721; F (2.2) = 309; p <10-4; SE = 4.6 ).

Key words: Parkinson's disease, cognitive impairment, quality of life


Recently reviewers in a number of disciplines have realized that research synthesis techniques can be applied in reviews of issues more complex than those previously studied. Meta-analysis has been criticized for attending only to main effects (Cook and Leviton 1980) and ignoring the important roles of mediating and moderating variables. Applications of meta-analytic techniques to complex processes (Becker 1992b; Premack and Hunter 1988), as well as methodological developments (Becker 1992a, 1992c), show that this oversimplification need not occur (see also Cook et al. 1992, p. 341).


In this article, authors introduce the high-balance synchro swiveling lifting construction of a 100m span continuous plate beam, and components and application of the LSD fluid power lifting system.


This paper studies the mean angular momentum associated with the collision of two celestial objects in the earliest stages of planet formation. Of primary concern is the scenario of two rarefied preplanetesimals (RPPs) in circular heliocentric orbits. The theoretical results are used to develop models of binary or multiple system formation from RPPs, and explain the observation that a greater fraction of binaries originated farther from the Sun. At the stage of RPPs, small-body satellites can form in two ways: a merger between RPPs can have two centres of contraction or the formation of satellites from a disc around the primary or the secondary. Formation of the disc can be caused by that the angular momentum of the RPP formed by the merger is greater than the critical angular momentum for a solid body. One or several satellites of the primary (moving mainly in low-eccentricity orbits) can be formed from this disc at any separation less than the Hill radius. The first scenario can explain a system such as 2001 QW322 where the two components have similar masses but are separated by a great distance. In general, any values for the eccentricity and inclination of the mutual orbit are possible. Among discovered binaries, the observed angular momenta are smaller than the typical angular momenta expected for identical RPPs having the same total mass as the discovered binary and encountering each other in circular heliocentric orbits. This suggests that the population of RPPs underwent some contraction before mergers became common.


A calibrating wafer and a method for the production of a calibrating wafer having polymer microspheres. The polymer microspheres are subjected to a heat treatment in a temperature range in which the polymer microspheres start to soften.


Periodontal and cardiovascular diseases are conditions that have a high prevalence in the world population. Periodontal disease is an inflammatory process that causes destruction of the tissues around the teeth. Cardiovascular disease is an inflammatory process that favors the rupture of the atheromatous plaques, so atherogenesis is defined as a disease that affects the arteries, which is characterized by accumulation of fat in the lining of the arteries causing them to narrow and be less flexible. This reduces the amount of blood and oxygen that vital organs receive...


Importance The US Environmental Protection Agency is required to reexamine its National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) every 5 years, but evidence of mortality risk is lacking at air pollution levels below the current daily NAAQS in unmonitored areas and for sensitive subgroups. Objective To estimate the association between short-term exposures to ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and ozone, and at levels below the current daily NAAQS, and mortality in the continental United States. Design, Setting, and Participants Case-crossover design and conditional logistic regression to estimate the association between short-term exposures to PM2.5 and ozone (mean of daily exposure on the same day of death and 1 day prior) and mortality in 2-pollutant models. The study included the entire Medicare population from January 1, 2000, to December 31, 2012, residing in 39 182 zip codes. Exposures Daily PM2.5 and ozone levels in a 1-km × 1-km grid were estimated using published and validated air pollution prediction models based on land use, chemical transport modeling, and satellite remote sensing data. From these gridded exposures, daily exposures were calculated for every zip code in the United States. Warm-season ozone was defined as ozone levels for the months April to September of each year. Main Outcomes and Measures All-cause mortality in the entire Medicare population from 2000 to 2012. Results During the study period, there were 22 433 862 million case days and 76 143 209 control days. Of all case and control days, 93.6% had PM2.5 levels below 25 &mgr;g/m3, during which 95.2% of deaths occurred (21 353 817 of 22 433 862), and 91.1% of days had ozone levels below 60 parts per billion, during which 93.4% of deaths occurred (20 955 387 of 22 433 862). The baseline daily mortality rates were 137.33 and 129.44 (per 1 million persons at risk per day) for the entire year and for the warm season, respectively. Each short-term increase of 10 &mgr;g/m3 in PM2.5 (adjusted by ozone) and 10 parts per billion (10−9) in warm-season ozone (adjusted by PM2.5) were statistically significantly associated with a relative increase of 1.05% (95% CI, 0.95%-1.15%) and 0.51% (95% CI, 0.41%-0.61%) in daily mortality rate, respectively. Absolute risk differences in daily mortality rate were 1.42 (95% CI, 1.29-1.56) and 0.66 (95% CI, 0.53-0.78) per 1 million persons at risk per day. There was no evidence of a threshold in the exposure-response relationship. Conclusions and Relevance In the US Medicare population from 2000 to 2012, short-term exposures to PM2.5 and warm-season ozone were significantly associated with increased risk of mortality. This risk occurred at levels below current national air quality standards, suggesting that these standards may need to be reevaluated.


tered the hopes of the pro-Union party, xConfederation again became an issue of considerable importance in the island's affairs almost wo decades later. Since Newfoundland's economy was at best extremely precarious, Ottawa was constantly in the minds of the colony's politicians, however vehemently they might deny it. Canada served as a kind of safety-valve; ff Newfoundland hovered too closely to the precipice of insolvency, the knowledge that Canada was ready to discuss terms was a source of comfort to a number of the island's political leaders.


This non-experimental exploratory sequential study was undertaken to assess the extent to which adult students can transfer and apply information literacy competencies, based on the AAC&U Information Literacy VALUE Rubric, to a research paper required in an area-of interest, intermediate or advanced level course. Participants were enrolled in an undergraduate liberal arts college degree program in a school designed on the andragogical model of adult education. Participants had completed a 2-credit information literacy course during a previous semester. To ascertain the students' information literacy competencies, course research papers were assessed using three of the five components of the rubric. The targeted components were the ability to: determine the extent of information needed, use information effectively to accomplish a specific purpose, and access information ethically and legally. Based on the achieved scores, the students demonstrated a greater ability to find appropriate scholarly resources, and to incorporate those ideas into their research papers than the ability to acknowledge and credit authorship of original sources. Document Type Dissertation Degree Name Doctor of Education (EdD) Department Executive Leadership First Supervisor Shelley Jallow Second Supervisor Carol Alleyne Subject Categories Education This dissertation is available at Fisher Digital Publications: https://fisherpub.sjfc.edu/education_etd/327 Transferability: The Application of Information Literacy Competencies to Academic Area-of-Interest Course Research Paper Among Adult College Students in an Undergraduate Liberal Arts Program By Lilleth C. Beckford Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree Ed.D. in Executive Leadership Supervised by Dr. Shelley Jallow Committee Member Dr. Carol Alleyne Ralph C. Wilson, Jr. School of Education St. John Fisher College Copyright by Lilleth C. Beckford December 2017


Agent-based technology provides a natural way to design and implement efficient manufacturing environments. In this paper we emphasize features of state-of the art manufacturing systems. Furthermore we present fundamentals of agent based systems and an agent-based framework for the coordination and integration of manufacturing systems. It models each stage or process as an autonomous agent. Each agent is a software entity that has a set of protocols which govern the operations of the manufacturing entity, a knowledge base, an inference mechanism and an explicit model of the problem to solve. The protocols specify what action an agent will take based on its local state and the messages received from other agents.


From the Publisher:
*The first-out-of-the-gate reference on LMDS (Local Multipoint Distribution Services),the technology designed to carry voice,data,and video signals in two directions—ane which may soon overtake DSL,cable,as a broadband delivery solution.
*Offers wireless telecom managers and engineers a start-to-finish look at LMDS services,network operation and management,and implementation—plus Network Design Guidelines.
*Provides a clear picture of key issues and difficulties that arise in the initial stages of LMDS system design and deployment.
This first-out-of-the-gate technical reference on LMDS (Local Multipoint Distribution Services),written by a leading communications consultant,can take you and your company to the winner's circle. LMDS provides all the technical know-how required to bring this highly competitive broadband system to market,while sidestepping complex math.
Clint Smith's guide helps you make technical decisions and surmount RF,network,and management hurdles that confront those designing and implementing a LMDS or other broadband point to multipoint systems.
The guide covers a multitude of topics ranging from:
*Fundamental technology decisions related to multipoint systems,including Bandwidth on Demand (DBA),TDM,ATM,VoIP,Cable Systems,Wireless LAN,FDD and TDD
*Understanding radio components which are integral to any multipoint system and their relationship to the performance and services offered
*Business considerations involving marketing,services,dual-band strategies,projected user traffic,capital and operating expenses,capital authorization
*RF design guidelines pertaining to a new or existing system,design considerations forTDM,IP and ATM networks relative to the services offered,and how to calculate demand estimation
*Host terminal guidelines relative to demarcation,interface types,customer location qualification,customer survey methods,and installation issues
*Implementation considerations for any point to multipoint system,including land use acquisition,site selection process,base station,host terminal and central office installation,in addition to a base station site checklist
*Technical organization structure establishment,headcount drivers,hiring,smart outsourcing and training
*Performance report (RF and network) related to daily performance monitoring and engineering planning,including upper-management reports
*Spectrum allocation tables
*Glossary Ideal for telecom engineers and managers wishing to pursue an LMDS or FWPMP strategy,this timely reference puts the tools you need in one thoughtful and convenient source.


We have acquired knowledge regarding the significant role that the neck plays in posture and equilibrium thanks to experiments carried out in cats at the beginning of the XXth century. Research in animals shows the existence of sensors within the synovial capsules of the cervical joints. The exact role of these in equilibrium is made difficult by the possible connected participation of other organs of the neck as the muscular, vascular and the sympathetic system. Methods of different clinical Examinations carried out are meant to demonstrate that the reactions obtained with functional stimulations are only characteristic and different to the cervical joints. The propioceptive sensors of the facetic joints of the cervical bones are stimulated for this purpose, by using: 1. A 900 gr. hammer, with a thick rubber tip. 2. A vibrating platform, to perform the posturographic test. 3. Electronystagmography and4. A tool in vibration with a thick rubber tip. From a total of 2,304 patients who consult with vertigo symptoms and to whom these tests are performed, 9.8% show that it is cervical vertigo, since the rest of the patients don't show any alteration. The atlanto-axoid joint is the most frequently affected. The most frequent symptoms for consultation are lack of equilibrium, followed by rotatory vertigo, oscillopsia and drop attacks.


T HE depreciation of the dollar in I933j and its devaluation in January, I934, were urged in certain directions as important steps prerequisite to internal price recovery.' It was also pointed out in other directions that devaluation would stimulate the export industries which had been suffering from extremely severe price recession during the depression.2 Finally, there was substantial agreement among many that dollar devaluation would result in increased prices for products entering into international trade, or more accurately, an increase in such prices in devalued dollars relative to prices in any unchanged gold monetary unit.3 The view that devaluation would result in higher prices for internationally traded goods recognizes that the improvement may be either in price or in quantum or, to include both, that exports would be "stimulated." Conversely, imports would be "retarded." Depreciation of the dollar simultaneously altered one side of the terms of all contracts which had been, or were being, projected across the boundary of the United States. The principal amount of every account, in which the debtor was located within the country and which involved an obligation to pay in a foreign currency,


There was conducted a study of the prevalence and intensity of dental caries in primary school children in rural areas. Study of prediction and assessment of the risk of tooth decay in children is an urgent problem, because on the basis of these data, we can determine the child population in need of treatment and preventive measures, calculate the necessary amount of dental care, to assess the effectiveness of preventive measures.


I The clash of Eastern and Western influences, which was of particular significance in the history of the Rumanian people,' could not fail to leave its imprint also on the Rumanian Socialist movement. Socialism was first introduced into Rumania in 1874 by some Rumanian intellectuals who had fled from Bessarabia,2 a province of Tsarist Russia. Marxian ideas, in their more extreme form, were brought to Rumania in 1875 and following years by Nathan Katz (Dobrogeanu-Gherea) and other Russian political refugees who had established themselves in Ia? i,3 the capital of Moldavia. But the political maximalism and the internationalist orientation of these refugees soon met the opposition of the more moderate and nationally inclined Rumanian intellectuals, who had been educated at Western universities and were influenced by the reformist ideas of the Social Democratic movement in the West. At the end of the nineteenth and the beginning of the twentieth century, the development of industry and industrial labor in Rumania was in its infancy, and the Socialist movement was limited mainly to small sections of the intelligentsia. The movement failed to appeal to the middle classes and the peasantry because a spirit of nationalism was beginning to grow among them. In addition, the Rumanian Socialist movement was paralyzed by internal ideological disputes and by personal feuds among its leaders. After World War I, in a territorially enlarged and industrially developing Rumania, with a large percentage of national minorities in its population,4 the social base of socialism was enlarged. As a result


In Datong dated back to Liao Dynasty,there was no fixed time for praying for rain,and this activity usually took place in spring and summer.It was often organized by the local government,and the gods concerned were not restricted to the gods related to water.This activity usual consisted of two phases,praying for rain,and thanking the god after rain was granted.As time went by,this kind of activity gradually slipped away from people's mind and it becomes more of a "placebo".


When deoxygenated, blood behaves as an effective susceptibility contrast agent. Changes in brain oxygenation can be monitored using gradient‐echo echo‐planar imaging. With this technique, difference images also demonstrate that blood oxygenation is increased during periods of recovery from respiratory challenge. © 1991 Academic Press, Inc.


Abstract. The paper presents the results of research on the surface texture, adhesion, and the results of tribological tests of TiO2 coatings obtained with the ALD technique. The geometric structure of the surface before and after the tribological tests was assessed using a confocal microscope with an interferometric mode. Model tribological tests were carried out for a reciprocating motion under the conditions of technically dry friction and friction lubricated with Ringer's solution. The tests showed that the TiO2 coating has better tribological characteristics compared to Ti13Nb13Zr. The study of the geometric structure of the surface after tribological tests showed that the use of the lubricant resulted in a 3-times reduction in wear.


A mobile ad-hoc network is a self-configuring infrastructureless network of mobile devices connected by wireless.DSR protocol,also known as dynamic source routing protocol,it is one of the Ad-hoc network routing protocols.The largest features of the DSR protocol is the packets will carry a complete and orderly routing information,and rely on routing information to complete the work.Although this approach has brought many advantages,such as more efficient use of bandwidth resources and save a lot of the cost of maintaining routing information,etc.It still have a lot of security risks.The paper introduces the work of the DSR protocol,and presents a new attack model for their safetypacket attack.Through simulation experiments,given a packet attack detection methods and defense strategies,able to successfully and effectively impede the packet attacks.


Linear operators on function and abstract algebras are considered and their consistency with an arbitrary subset or an ideal is studied. Then the consistency . concept is formulated for general Poisson brackets in commutative algebras.


. Recent developments in factory-grown foods suggest that factory-grown wood (FGW) may be on the horizon. In fact, recent work at Massachusetts Institute of Technology introduces tunable plant-based materials, an early indicator of what may evolve into a new source of raw material for forest sector companies, and others. Industry and academia would be wise to monitor developments in this fi eld as they may present signi fi cant opportunities and/or adjustments for both. We explore the state-of-the-art in this budding area of science and contemplate implications of successfully growing wood or other lignocellulosic materials in factories. Given a changing climate and focus on carbon emissions, the pressure to drastically reduce CO 2 production will continue climb. Could reduction of their footprint via FGW be an important part of this equation for forest sector companies, going beyond the need to " make every tree count " ? In other words, might FGW present an environmental and climate protection breakthrough? Or might it simply trade forest-based environmental impacts for others? What other consequences does FGW promise for companies? And what might it mean for wood science programs, critical suppliers of research and development and skilled employees for the industry? We explore each of these questions and contemplate potential actions and outcomes.


These three books all discuss work within contemporary society, albeit through different lenses. Harman draws on a Marxist perspective to suggest that capitalism is increasingly negative for workers and society in general. Doogan is critical too but from a rather different perspective, with the central thesis of his book suggesting that the general perceptions held by people in society in relation to work and its changing nature are unrealistic and contrary to existing evidence. Bolton and Houlihan offer an edited collection of chapters that, rather than offering a critical grand narrative, demonstrate to the reader that contemporary work matters both for society and for the lives of individual workers. However, despite this the book still shows that many roles are undervalued, underpaid and workers are subject to poor conditions. Harman's Zombie Capitalism is a complete critique of capitalism as a harbinger of global chaos. Capitalism is argued to lead to repeated cycles of instability and upheaval, immediately followed by periods of growth; effectively, repetitious occurrences of boom and bust. In light of the global credit crunch recently experienced, Harman's work is very contemporaneous and interesting. What is also interesting is the revival of a Marxist theoretical framework used throughout this book to illustrate and discuss the problems with capitalism. The book analyses capitalism critically throughout and so too work, as Book Review Essay


We report the effects of the growth condition on emission properties of ZnO films grown on Si (100) by rf magnetron sputtering. With increasing the O2/Ar+O2 ratio in the growing ambient, the visible emission in the roomtemperature photoluminescence spectra (PL) was drastically suppressed without sacrificing the intensity of excitonrelated emission at ultraviolet region. This tendency was estimated to be due to the reduction in intrinsic defects such as the oxygen vacancies and zinc interstitials in the film with an improvement of the film stoichiometry in oxygen rich condition, indicating that the visible emission of ZnO may originate from oxygen vacancy or zinc interstitial related defects. An additional violet emission peaked at about 401 nm (3.09 eV) was also observed in the low temperature PL (LTPL) spectra of the ZnO films grown under oxygen-rich conditions and this violet emission peak was gradually weakened as the growth temperature increases from 400 o C to 700 o C, and ultimately, disappeared at 800 o C. From the above observation, it is deduced that this emission band has a close relation with the intrinsic defects related to an oxygen-rich condition, and the dependence of this emission on growth temperature can be due to an improvement of the film stoichiometry by an oxygen out-diffusion at high growth temperature.


Purpose: To evaluate the cholinesterases (acetylcholinestrase and butyrylcholinestrase) enzyme inhibitory potential of aerial parts Vernonia oligocephala ( V. oligocephala ) as a potential remedy for the management of neurodegenerative disorders. Methods: Crude methanol extract of V. oligocephala leaves and its fractions including n-hexane, dichloromethane (DCM), ethyl acetate and n-butanol were investigated for their inhibitory potentials against cholinesterases enzymes employing standard ELISA microtiter plate reader assay. Results: All the extracts were moderately active against both the tested enzymes. The ethyl acetate and n-hexane fractions showed highest inhibition against acetylcholinesterase enzyme with IC50 values of 128.81±0.44 μg/mL and 200.51±0.22 μg/mL, respectively. In case of butrylcholinesterase, ethyl acetate (IC50; 145.71±0.19μg/mL) and DCM (IC50; 269.31±0.45 μg/mL) fractions were the most active. All other fractions including crude methanol extract exhibited least inhibition. Overall, ethyl acetate fraction was the most active against both enzymes. Conclusion: Results indicate the promising potential of V.oligocephala as source of new potential compounds for management of Alzheimer's disease. However, further studies to isolate and identify the potential bioactive components are needed. Keywords: Vernonia oligocephala , Acetylcholinesterase, Butyrylcholinesterase, Alzheimer's disease


The role of the international nongovernmental organizations in the Russian foreign policy of 90th is investigated. Attempts and failures of integration of Russia in universal community, influence on this process of the international noncommercial organizations, the attitude to their activity of various branches of the Russian authority are considered within the framework of a foreign policy spent for the Russian Federation.


In the quest to better understand the connection between median graphs, triangle‐free graphs and partial cubes, a hierarchy of subclasses of partial cubes has been introduced. In this article, we study the role of tiled partial cubes in this scheme. For instance, we prove that almost‐median graphs are tiled and that tiled partial cubes are semi‐median. We also describe median graphs as tiled partial cubes without convex Q  3 − and extend an inequality for median graphs to a larger subclass of partial cubes. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Graph Theory 40: 91–103, 2002


release chuck designed to accept both metal and lintcapped bottles. To overcome the out-of-balance load of the bottle, the chuck is fitted with a flexible coupling allowing the bottle to precess around its dynamic centre while spinning. For loading and unloading the spinners a horizontal bar is fitted above the cabinet on which the spinners can hang. Details of the design are shown in the sectional diagram (Fig. 2). With this equipment the times for freezing solutions starting at room temperature were as follows: 100 ml of solution in a standard 540 ml transfusion bottle three minutes or, in a 250 ml bottle five minutes; 400 ml of plasma in a 540 ml bottle 15 to 20 minutes.


Photochemical, reversible modulation of a dielectric constant of liquid crystals was demonstrated. This novel method of readout of photonic information as electric output is based on the principle of photochemically triggered phase transition in liquid crystals. Thus, the phase transition of a host liquid crystal, 4-cyano-4'-pentylbiphenyl (5CB), was induced by a partial photo-isomerization of a small amount of 4-butyl-4'-methoxyazobenzene (BMAB) doped in as a perturber. This isothermal phase transition brought about a change in the dielectric constants. The change in the dielectric constants is reversible corresponding to the trans-cis photoisomerization.


The exploration of unknown environment for mobile unmanned vehicles has always been a hot and difficult research topic. Localization and map construction (SLAM) and path planning scheme are the key technologies for autonomous localization and navigation of unmanned vehicles. Path planning of mobile unmanned vehicles is one of the most important core technologies of unmanned vehicles, and the planned path should be as optimal and conflict-free as possible. This paper analyzes and compares the global path planning techniques based on Dijkstra and A star. A star algorithm introduces heuristic functions and reduces the search of nodes, which not only retains the advantages of Dijkstra algorithm in obtaining the shortest path, but also takes into account the advantages of breadth first search. Therefore, A star algorithm is selected as the global path planning algorithm in this topic.


In this study, aerobic granular sludge was cultivated with the effluent of anaerobic baffled reactor (ABR) which degraded berberine wastewater. After 80-day operation, stable granules with sizes of 2-10 mm were obtained. With the granulation, the SVI value decreased from 120 to 20.34 mL/g. The granular sludge had an excellent settling ability with the settling velocity over 104 m/h. Aerobic granular sludge exhibited good performance for organics and berberine removals from the effluent of ABR. After granulation, high and stable removal efficiencies of 90.47% for COD, 64.32% for berberine, were achieved with the volumetric exchange ratio of 50% and cycle duration of 6 h. The average COD and berberine of the effluent were 171.1mg/L and 3.88mg/L, after aerobic granules matured.


Energy efficiency is an important managerial variable in service business models. Cloud computing advocates the innovation and design of open software services. How the supply of energy-aware software services affects the outsourcing strategies of IT businesses, however, is still not known. This research is concerned with the formation of green virtual organisations (GVOs). Such GVOs foster novel business models to enable the commercialisation of "green" software services. We approach the formation problem from a game-theoretic perspective, which provides well suited models for analysing sourcing strategies of service customers. For analysing the formation, we particularly study the social welfare by examining the economic and ecological efficiency of the GVO as a whole. The contribution of our research is an agent-based GVO formation mechanism that optimises the social welfare of service providers and customers. We demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed artifact in a set of simulation experiments.


With the help of emotional stability measuring devices,this paper uses research methods as document, experiment,survey,and mathematical statistics for determination of emotional stability of the elderly sportlovers. The result shows that those who enjoy regular gateball games have better emotion stability.It shows that the gateball games can bring health to the elderly and reduce the occurrence of the illness of the elderly.It is suggested that the elderly have scientific,reasonable and continuous physical practice,which can not only adjust their spirit but also improve their life quality.