ECG heartbeat classification plays a vital role in diagnosis of cardiac arrhythmia. Traditional heartbeat classification methods rely on handcrafted features and often fail to learn potentially abstract patterns, while current deep learning based methods usually consist of complex convolutional and recursive structures. In this paper, considering the time sequence property of ECG signals, we propose a novel heartbeat classification method based on Transformer, a sequence-to-sequence model with a relatively simple architecture and higher degree of parallelism. To adapt Transformer to our problem, we use only the encoder part of the model for that ECG signals do not have translation signals. We also replace the dropout layers with batch normalization layers, considering our small-size feature space and the natural differences among patients. Further, we fuse handcrafted temporal features with the features learnt by Transformer to better capture rhythmic patterns in ECG signals. We have conducted extensive experiments on the MIT-BIH arrhythmia database using both the original dataset and an augmented dataset with more balanced data. The results show that our model can achieve 99.62% accuracy, 95.09% precision and 94.12% sensitivity on the original dataset and 99.87% accuracy, 99.74% precision and 99.74% sensitivity on the augmented dataset. Besides, we have performed multiple experiments against state-of-the-art methods using their assessment strategies. Experimental results indicate that our model can achieve better performance under most circumstances.


The research area of recommender systems (RS) in e-commerce has become extremely popular in recent years. However, traditional RSs tend to recommend popular items, while niche (long-tail) items are often neglected, which is known as the long-tail problem. However, recent studies found that tail items are one of the key success factors in the e-commerce world. The availability of such items encompasses relatively high marginal profits and boosts the sales of popular short-head items. We suggest promoting long-tail items by leveraging the short-head items' advantages and exposing the user to a tail item that may have not been considered otherwise. We use a classification model and statistical tools to generate personalized recommendations of a long-tail item considering a short-head item that has already been clicked. The uniqueness of our method lies in the combination of tail and head items to uplift the exposure of the latter and in using an applicable solution to deal with the extreme volume of tail items. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our method on real-world data from eBay and provide an analysis of the long-tail phenomenon and consumption behavior.


We note that Pillay's result on the stability of an algebraically closed field with a predicate for a group of Lang type implies that number uniformity follows formally from the finiteness results analogous to Faltings' Theorem.


In order to investigate levels of genetic variation and differentiation of grape phylloxera, Daktulosphaira vitifoliae Fitch in China, we sequenced the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) gene cytochrome oxidase Ⅰ (COⅠ) of 35samples from four populations. Of the total analyzed sites, 29 (6.13%) were polymorphic, including 17 (3.59%) parsimony informative and 12 (2.54%) singleton sites. Nucleotide frequencies of A, C, G and T were 34.8%, 15.8%, 10.2%, and 39.2%, respectively. In total, 13 haplotypes were identified in the target region. The most common haplotypes were H3 (HAP-A) shared by 5 samples from SHJ, and H13 (HAP-C) found in 19 samples from SXX, HNH and LNX populations. The SHJ population was unique and shared no haplotypes with the other three populations. Nm ranged from 0.02 to 4.03 and the genetic distance varied from 0.001 to 0.040 between populations. Nm (0.02) was smaller, and the genetic distance (0.039-0.040) larger between SHJ and other three populations. Phylogenetic analysis and haplotype network showed that all haplotypes from SHJ formed one cluster, and the other haplotypes from SXX, HNH and LNX are grouped into another, suggesting that there were at least two introductions of grape phylloxera into China.


We present a symmetric, collaborative human-artificial intelligence (AI) model using semantic interaction as a design philosophy. We discuss challenges associated with each phase of communication between the pair of cooperatively learning entities and the benefits that emerge from combining the expertise of humans and AI.


Fluvial deposits represent a sedimentary archive of paleohydrological information, which can be utilized to reconstruct unrecorded floods. A multi-index (grain size, end-member model, and geochemistry elements) approach of core sediments from the upper Yellow River was used to reconstruct its flood history. A high-resolution geochemical profile of the 20.71-m-deep core was obtained by an XRF core scanner. A comparison of sediment grain size with geochemical element ratios indicated that ln(Zr/Ti) can be used as a grain size proxy for the core sediment. Combined with the end-member modeling analysis, the flood energy index (FEI) was constructed to highlight the flood signals and their similar trends with sediment ln(Zr/Ti). Coarsened grain size and increased ln(Zr/Ti) suggested that a high-frequency flood phase appeared to occur in the early Holocene (11–6.5 ka) and late Holocene (3.5–0 ka), while low-frequency floods occurred in the middle Holocene (6.5–3.5 ka). An extreme hydrological phase occurred during 5.8 ka–5.9 ka, which coincided with a sharp increase in sedimentation rates from 0.14 mm/yr to 0.48 mm/yr. The flood activities at the upper reach of the Yellow River are considered to respond to climate variability with the monsoonal shift.


This book centres on the experience of 'whiteness', and how it operates within a systemically racist society. The author, Helen Morgan, is white, and observes in the preface to this book how this is an aspect of identity that can be experienced as 'normal' or invisible, therefore allowing her the option to disregard it, and the topic of racism, altogether. This book is a challenge to that position, and convincingly argues that for white people not to see the world along racial lines, and acknowledge their inherited privilege, points to an internal 'blindness' or 'dumbness' that preserves racism and white supremacy. Morgan argues that by choosing to 'remain unconscious of a crucial aspect of our lives and ourselves' (p. xiii), we block our path to individuation. Within this is the idea that racism hurts us all; the book explores why then, if this is the case, racism remains functional within society, and why the psychoanalytic community may have been, and remains, resistant to deeper exploration and action to address and understand it. The introduction to this book begins with a clear statement that there is no biological or genetic basis for humans to be divided by race. While this reminder of the facts may strike some as unnecessary, it clarifies that we are thinking about a system that arose for social, economic, and political reasons, and has no objective origin. The book goes on to outline the history of the civil rights movement within the UK, and defines terms used throughout the book. Morgan then outlines why a psychoanalytic perspective on racism is important. She suggests that while, as a profession, we have developed and refined theories on how a racist thought or act emerges from within an individual's psyche, we have disregarded larger socio-economic determinants, the 'racist template' into which we in the Western world are born. Morgan argues that -


Renal stone is a one common disease of urinary system and rarely studies about it. Therefore the aim of this research is to determine chemical compositions of stones using qualitative method and quantitative method to detect calcium, magnesium, and phosphorus ions. Forty three calculi (14 from female percentage 32.6% and 29 of male percentage 67.4%) were examined using visible spectroscopy method at different wave length for different elements while chemical qualitative tests were used for qualitative determine compositions of stone. The analytical quantitative methods used for determination the concentration of calcium, magnesium, and phosphorus ions were accurate reliable and sensitive with standard deviation 0.004596, 0.00239, and 0.000756 for calcium, magnesium, and phosphorus ions respectively. Low detection limit (L.O.D.) were0.112, 0.0177, and 0.189 mg/dl for calcium, magnesium, and phosphorus ions respectively while the (RSD) were 1.4%, 2.36%, and 5.04% for calcium, magnesium, and phosphorus ions respectively.


Objective To study the effect of cardiopulmonary bypass on coagulation and platelet function using Sonoclot coagulation and platelet function analyzer.Methods 30 patients graded ASAⅠ~Ⅲ were designed in this study,in which 18 patients underwent valve replacement and other 12 patients underwent ventricular septal defect surgery.All cases were anesthetized with combined anesthesia.The SonACT,clot rate,platelet function and platelet count were measured after induction of anesthesia(T1),10 minutes after heparinization(T2),10 minutes after CPB(T3) and 10 minutes after protamine administration(T4)respectively.Results Compared with at T1,the clot rate and sonACT were higher,platelet count and platelet function was lower at T2,the sonACT was significantly prolonged,the clot rate, platelet function and platelet count were markedly reduced at T3,the sonACT was significantly prolonged and platelet function was higher and platelet count were markedly reduced at T4.Conclusions CPB can affect platelet function and it is important to monitor coagulation and platelet function during cardiac surgery.


A hodoscope has been constructed from 100 ¿m diameter wires and brass tubes (1.2 × 0.7 cm2 cross section) filled with a mixture of argon, ethane and ethyl alchohol. It has been tested in the saturated avalanche mode in an SCG1-C electromagnetic shower detector to determine its properties for the measurement of the position and size of electromagnetic showers. Two of these tube hodoscopes were positioned 3.5 radiation lengths deep in the detector and the profiles of 1-25 GeV electromagnetic showers were measured. Simultaneous measurements were performed using a plane of twenty, 0.5 cm wide scintillation counters positioned immediately behind the gas tube hodoscope. In addition the transition between saturated avalanche and limited streamer modes has been measured for the tube hodoscopes.


To study the effects of structure on aero-anion concentration at urban forestry,the concentrations of aero-cation and aero-anion were measured on typical urban forestry,in Jilin city.The data were analyzed with variance-comparing statistical methods.The results are as follows:the concentration is significantly affected by structures of urban forestry.The level of aero-anion concentration and air quality grade is highest in multistratal forest that comprises arbor,brush and lawn,while the lowest is on lawn.The rests show that arbors have a dominant effect on the improvement of air quality.


This study researches the application methods of Wearable Technology (WT) realizing the convergence of Design and Electronics that could broaden the fashion expression boundaries to correspond to current convergence trends. For this, students in the Department of Fashion design and the Department of Electronics conducted an oriented convergence-design-workshop. The initial step of the workshop, included a lecture on WT including existing cases and brainstorming. As a result, two types of concepts; 'Light' using the lighting technology and 'Complex' using transforming and lighting technologies together were genera-ted. Designers created garments that did not externally expose digital devices and engineers then configured basic systems with the minimum size of the devices applying. At the development stage, designers construc-ted internal structures of garments which do not influence the comfort situation and activities of those wear-ing the garments. Engineers then adjusted and finished the fashion prototypes' whole WT systems drawing on designers' guidelines. As the result of this study's workshop, the fashion prototypes were extracted by collaboration according to WT concepts; therefore, there could be the promising potential to broaden fashion expression boundaries through the application


The implementation of the Right to Information Act (RTI) in India in 2005 had a twofold aim of augmenting transparency and accountability in the sphere of governance. The RTI Act has not only precipitated a surge in the attentiveness of government officials to the desires and entreaties of the citizenry but also facilitated the access of citizens to information about the functioning and decision-making of the government. This Act has emerged as a decisive instrument in instilling openness in governmental activities and imposing responsibility on official's vis-a-vis the public. The RTI Act has notably fostered democratic practices and bolstered the faith of citizens in the institutions of the government. However, there are multifarious obstacles that need to be surmounted, such as delays in responding to RTI requests and the dearth of greater consciousness among citizens. All things considered, the RTI Act has indisputably had a positive influence on the transparency and accountability of Indian governance.


The paper examines the characteristics of technocratic thinking and the corresponding approach in education. It is the prevalence of the values of economic efficiency, controllability, technical advances over universal humanistic values. Reducing the humanitarian component of higher education leads to narrowing students' horizons, simplifying their ideas about the world, culture and man. This theoretical provision was the basis for an empirical research organized and conducted to study the attitude that students have towards education and its humanitarian component. The author conducted an analysis of their ideas about a fulfilled personality, an educated cultural person, the possibility of strengthening the humanitarian component of higher education, especially scientific and technical. A study was carried out into the relationship between personal priorities of students and their attitude to the humanitarization in education and technocratic thinking. The data obtained show that students have several types of values that define the fulfilled personality. These types of values include orientation to moral principles, the possibility of self-realization, and the achievement of a high socio-economic status. The analyzed responses compared to the data obtained in previous research in the student environment demonstrate that the prevalence of a student's value position largely determines their attitude to various spheres of life, including the formation of their perceptions of education, humanities, technocratic thinking, etc. Humanistic values and the need of humanitarization in education are not yet fully included in the semantic and motivational structures of the individual. These values are declared rather than shared. This is illustrated by the fact that many students identify well-established decision algorithms and the choice of the most effective way to achieve results as the most significant characteristics of technocratic thinking.


Twelve young healthy dogs which were not infected with Eperythrozoon by laboratory test were divided randomly into two groups.One was control group which was inoculated negative blood(normal dairy cow blood).The other was respiration system infection group which was inoculated positive blood(dairy cow blood infected with Eperythrozoon) through nostrils.The infection rate of erythrocyte was measured every day,and the physiology index,hematoloyic and blood biochemical index were measured at the summit of erythrocyte infection rate.The result showed that in the control group,erythrocyte was free from Eperythrozoon and all of the index was normal,but in the respiration system infection group,erythrocyte was infected with Eperythrozoon obviously,the highest infection rate of erythrocyte approached 85%.The dogs manifested fever,increasing,pulse and breath frequency.The leukocyte number,serum bilirubin of dogs enhanced,erythrocyte number,serum hemoglobin fell,serum bilirubin in one minute was no change.It was proved that Eperythrozoonosis in dairy cow could be transmited through respiratory system.


The concept of filial piety is not only a philosophical idea, but also a practical rule of ethics, which has persisted to the present time and is clearly reflected in nowadays' societies of East Asia. The aim of this article, concerning filial piety in imperial China, is to reveal the peculiarities of and the consensuses and contradictions in the conception and interpretation of filiality in Orthodox Confucianism and popular practices, as well as in Buddhism and Daoism. The study is a novelty in Lithuanian sinology as it offers a wide view on the subject, discovering its manifestations in all the three main teachings. It is an exploratory work of original sources, with some references to available studies of Western scholars. It concludes by saying that filial piety found its prominent place in most of the teachings and certainly made a great impact on nowadays' East Asian cultures.


This paper presents a multiobjective model to optimal sensor design in water distribution systems as part of the battle of the water sensors networks (BWSN). Previous work on optimal sensor design for water distribution systems (WDS) focused on one objective (e.g., maximizing the detection likelihood of contamination events). In this study the Non-Dominated Sorted Genetic Algorithm–II (NSGA-II) is implemented to tradeoff the following four conflicting objectives: (1) maximizing the detection likelihood; (2) minimizing the detection time; (3) maximizing the detection instrumentation redundancy; and (4) maximizing the contamination source identification likelihood (i.e., the likelihood to provide a unique solution to the inverse problem of contamination source identification for a given layout of sensors). The effectiveness of the multiobjective approach is demonstrated through using the two BWSN network examples, where Pareto fronts are plotted for each two objectives; for each three; and finally for all four.


Several sources of excitation, which are ummeasurable, are applied to bladed assemblies, suc h as turbines, leading to forced vibration responses. Non contact measurement of such vibrations using blade tip-timi ng has become an industrial standard procedure and current research focuses on analysis methods for interpretation of t he measured vibration data. Our objective is to determine the b lade's natural frequencies from the analysis of blade tip timing d ata using subspace methods. A subspace analysis is considered and its performances are compared to the traditional Fast F ourier Transform analysis. A detailed description of these methods and results from their numerical applications are prese nted .


ABSTRACT Rationale: Passive heat therapy improves vascular endothelial function, likely via enhanced nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability, although the mechanistic stimuli driving these changes are unknown. Objective: To determine the isolated effects of circulating (serum) factors on endothelial cell function, particularly angiogenesis, and NO bioavailability. Methods and Results: Cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were exposed to serum collected from 20 healthy young (22 ± 1 years) adults before (0 wk), after one session of water immersion (Acute HT), and after 8 wk of either heat therapy (N = 10; 36 sessions of hot water immersion; session 1 peak rectal temperature: 39.0 ± 0.03°C) or sham (N = 10; 36 sessions of thermoneutral water immersion). Serum collected following acute heat exposure and heat therapy improved endothelial cell angiogenesis (Matrigel bioassay total tubule length per frame, 0 wk: 69.3 ± 1.9 mm vs. Acute HT: 72.8 ± 1.4 mm, p = 0.04; vs. 8 wk: 73.0 ± 1.4 mm, p = 0.03), with no effects of sham serum. Enhanced angiogenesis was NO-mediated, as addition of the NO synthase (NOS) inhibitor L-NNA to the culture media abolished differences in tubule formation across conditions (0 wk: 71.3 ± 1.8 mm, Acute HT: 71.6 ± 1.9 mm, 8 wk: 70.5 ± 1.6 mm, p = 0.69). In separate experiments, we found that abundance of endothelial NOS (eNOS) was unaffected by Acute HT serum (p = 0.71), but increased by 8 wk heat therapy serum (1.4 ± 0.1-fold from 0 wk, p < 0.01). Furthermore, increases in eNOS were related to improvements in endothelial tubule formation (r2 = 0.61, p < 0.01). Conclusions: Passive heat therapy beneficially alters circulating factors that promote NO-mediated angiogenesis in endothelial cells and increase eNOS abundance. These changes may contribute to improvements in vascular function with heat therapy observed in vivo. Abbreviations: Ang-1: angiopoietin-1; ANOVA: analysis of variance; bFGF: basic fibroblast growth factor; CV: cardiovascular; CVD: cardiovascular diseases; eNOS: endothelial nitric oxide synthase; HSPs: heat shock proteins; HT: heat therapy; HUVECs: human umbilical endothelial cells; L-NNA: Nω-nitro-L-arginine; MnSOD: manganese superoxide dismutase; NO: nitric oxide; NOS: nitric oxide synthase; PBMCs: peripheral blood mononuclear cells; RM: repeated measures; sFlt-1: soluble VEGF receptor; SOD: superoxide dismutase; TGF-β: transforming growth factor- β; VEGF: vascular endothelial growth factor


The characteristic energy losses suffered by a 20 keV electron beam through CaF2, SrF2, and BaF2 films have been measured with a magnetic spectrograph. From the energy loss function — Im e−1, optical constants are calculated by means of Kramers-Kronig analysis in the 8 to 40 eV range and are compared with the available reflectance data, especially those obtained with synchrotron radiation. The observed structure is tentatively explained for the three compounds, following a band model based upon symmetry considerations. The origin of the energy losses corresponding to the soft X-ray range is also briefly discussed.

Les pertes d'energie caracteristiques subies par un faisceau d'electrons de 20 keV a la traversee de films de CaF2, SrF2, et BaF2 ont ete mesurees avec un spectrographe magnetique. Les fonctions optiques ont ete calculees jusqu'e 40 eV par analyse de Kramers-Kronig a partir de la fonction — Im e−1, et sont comparees aux mesures de reflectivite trouvees dans la litterature, particulieerement a celles obtenues avec le rayonnement synchrotron. A partir d'un modele de structure de bande base sur des considerations de symetrie, les spectres relatifs aux trois composes sont interpretes. l'origine des pertes d'energie mises en evidence dans le domaine des rayons × mous est sommairement discutee.


Student performance management is a pretty significant part of campus service construction in colleges, there are many students who fail or even delay their graduation because of their low grades every year. If we can provide warning for students' grades and realize academic support early, we can reduce the failure rate and delayed graduation rate, improve the quality of campus services and enhance the level of school management. In this paper, a machine learning based student performance prediction model is established. Through mathematical analysis, seven kinds of easily accessible prediction parameters for schools are selected after comprehensive examination, and two classical machine learning prediction algorithms, KNN and random forest, are built to solve the problem. After substitution into the data set for training, better prediction results were achieved. As the amount of student data and data dimensions received by the school increase, the accuracy and generalization ability of the model will be continuously improved to finally realize the prediction model of student performance based on big data.


In 2005 the European Agency for the Management of Operational Cooperation at the External Borders (Frontex) was founded. Contrary to the widely used principal–agent approaches, it is more promising to analyse Frontex through the lens of experimentalist governance. This paper has two lines of argument. First, it argues that Frontex may only succeed if Frontex has a sufficient degree of organisational independence and enjoys appropriate and steady support by all member states. This is especially virulent when many member states fail to provide significant contributions in terms of material and human resources as well as time, leading to a suboptimal reduction of duration, scope and operational impact of Frontex's missions. The second argument is concerned with the accountability of Frontex. Contrary to the experimental approach, this article takes a sceptical stance, arguing that important (supra-)national actors are sidelined and relevant legal rules are ignored.


, I nvasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) caused by the fungus Aspergillus fumigatus (Fig. 1A) is a life-threatening lung disease of acute myeloid leukemia patients, with the diagnosis currently being reliant on invasive, slow, or nonspeci fi c procedures, includ-ing chest CT ( 1 ). Here, we showcase the (to our knowledge) fi rst-time use in humans of an Aspergillus -speci fi c radiotracer ( 2,3 ) administered to acute myeloid leukemia patients diagnosed with no IPA or with IPA according to consensus de fi nitions of the disease. The subjects underwent 64 Cu-NODAGA-hJF5-PET/ MRI on a compassionate-use basis according to the German Medicinal Products Act (Arzneimittelgesetz Scienti fi c analysis was approved by the institutional review board (approval Written informed consent was obtained from all patients.Uptake of the tracer in pulmonary lesions was determined using PET/ MRI 15 18 h after intravenous injection with 196 – 287 MBq (Figs. 1B and 1C). In patient 1, no tracer


Data-intensive computing (DISC) frameworks scale by partitioning a job across a set of fault-tolerant tasks, then diffusing those tasks across large clusters. Multi-tenanted clusters must accommodate service-level objectives (SLO) in their resource model, often expressed as a maximum latency for allocating the desired set of resources to every job. When jobs are partitioned into tasks statically, a cluster cannot meet its SLOs while maintaining both high utilization and efficiency. Ideally, we want to give resources to jobs when they are free but would expect to reclaim them instantaneously when new jobs arrive, without losing work. DISC frameworks do not support such elasticity because interrupting running tasks incurs high overheads. Amoeba enables lightweight elasticity in DISC frameworks by identifying points at which running tasks of over-provisioned jobs can be safely exited, committing their outputs, and spawning new tasks for the remaining work. Effectively, tasks of DISC jobs are now sized dynamically in response to global resource scarcity or abundance. Simulation and deployment of our prototype shows that Amoeba speeds up jobs by 32% without compromising utilization or efficiency.


IN the course of his extended investigation into ancient orientation and into the attitudes of various peoples toward the right and left, the late Professor Frothingham' lays down the law that the left is the place of honor in Roman art. This is a very surprising conclusion, in view of the enormous Greek influence in Roman art, and the undisputed fact that among the Greeks the right was the post of honor. If the law were universal or nearly so, as would be inferred from Frothingham's article, it would sometimes be useful for the identification of figures within a group, and hence for the settlement of iconographic problems. It is desirable to see whether the material is such as to justify a general law. In the first place Frothingham cites the Capitoline Triad-Jupiter, Juno, and Minerva-and shows that Minerva stands on the right, Juno on the left, of Jupiter. There are exceptions: in a relief in the Museo Nazionale in Rome2 Juno is on the right of her spouse; but the general correctness of the rule is certain. It may be noted not only in representations of the Triad as such, but in all (or nearly all) cases in which the three deities appear. These other instances, however, may be explained as influenced by the arrangement of the Triad proper, in the most sacred temple of the empire; and their establishment there goes back to the early days of the city. Frothingham had previously shown3 that the left was the place of honor in Etruria and primitive Rome. The original arrangement was later retained; but its continued existence is poor evidence for the place usually considered honorable in the imperial period. Considering next a number of historical reliefs, Frothingham notes that when the emperor appears, escorted by the prefect, the prefect stands at the emperor's left. There are numerous cases not mentioned by him, but apparently no clear exceptions to the rule. It is obvious that the prefect was represented in the position which he actually occupied in the performance of his duties, quite regardless of the artist's notion as to the place of honor; and in determining the place to be occupied by an attendant upon the highest officer of the state, ancient practice would probably continue. Ceremonial usages are generally slow to change. There are a number of instances in which the artist was apparently


The practice presented in this scientific operating procedure (SOP) is intended to measure weathering effects on the retention of nanomaterial properties. To obtain the information necessary for a point of comparison, the nanomaterials were characterized both before and after they were subjected to the weathering test. The weathering cycle was selected based upon the required conditions and in conformance with the selected standards that regulate the operation of the xenon-arc weathering apparatus, materials, and sample handling. The results were swelling or shrinkage percentage, mass loss or gain, and a rating on the severity of the weathering. The test also quantified the variance and the uncertainty of the results. DISCLAIMER: The contents of this report are not to be used for advertising, publication, or promotional purposes. Citation of trade names does not constitute an official endorsement or approval of the use of such commercial products. All product names and trademarks cited are the property of their respective owners. The findings of this report are not to be construed as an official Department of the Army position unless so designated by other authorized documents. DESTROY THIS REPORT WHEN NO LONGER NEEDED. DO NOT RETURN IT TO THE ORIGINATOR.


The vortex induced vibration of pipeline span is the leading factor of fatigue invalidation of pipeline, and is the most important confronted and urgent to be solved problem during the reliability design and evaluation of pipeline span. Concerning fatigue invalidation of pipeline span caused by vortex induced vibration,a reliability analysis method being more corresponded to the operation status of pipelines is presented based on stochastic processes theory and reliability analysis theory.


Behavioural factors relate to irrational and inconsistent patterns of human behaviour which can be explained either through biases that affect the perception of the value of insurance or through more general information processing problems that consumers face in making decisions. Applying behavioural economics to insurance suggests that only in a 'model world' of complete information and no transactions costs, actuarially priced insurance is always a beneficial product for rational, risk-averse consumers. In this behavioural context, the perceived appeal of the insurance offering is an important determinant of purchasing decisions. It also includes soft notions such as trust in insurers' ability and willingness to honour their obligations as well as their commitment to data protection.


Women who read online reminders to get a mammogram are 68 percent more likely to do so than women who ignore them, according to a study conducted by the parent company of insurer UnitedHealthcare.


I read with great interest and watched the high technical accuracy of the authors in this multimedia article "Combined endoscopic submucosal dissection and transanal minimally invasive surgery for resection of large refractory rectal polyp" [1]. This article is a great contribution, and of course, it opens the field for future combined approaches that will surely arise. I must, nevertheless, comment on the statement that the TAMIS approach is contraindicated for anterior lesions in female patients because of the risk of development of a rectovaginal fistula. TAMIS resection of rectal tumors is a safe and feasible technique for the treatment of rectal tumors, even those located in the anterior wall, as described in many articles. In fact, one of the advantages of this approach is the possibility to treat tumors in different locations without the need to change the patient's position, thus including anterior lesions [2]. It is true that special caution must be exercised in female patients when an anterior lesion is approached, as well as in males with previous radiotherapy or prostate procedures, but this is not a formal contraindication for the technique [3, 4]. Moreover, we must remember that TAMIS provides the possibility of fullthickness resection, as well as partial thickness resection, which may be preferable in selected patients in whom full-thickness resection is not necessary, thus avoiding the risk of complications associated with the full-thickness technique [3].


This article aims to analyze why Brazilian Baptists, to preserve their social identity, tend to forget the fact that received, through its most outstanding leadership, the granting of a television channel in early 1980's. In this case, since it is a process of organized forgetting, the theoretical framework involved in the research was the social memory studies, with data collected through interviews and research of documentary sources. This procedure allowed to establish that in order to reaffirm a social identity based on biblical doctrines, Baptists tended to build a collective memory, the past three decades, both from the oblivion of connections with the military dictatorship, as from forgetting of moral faults mentioned in media scandals.


The South China Sea's (SCS) seasonal, large-scale temperature cycle is governed to a large extend by the monsoon. This phenomenon modulates the large-scale circulation, transport and mixing as well as the exchange processes with the Pacific Ocean and the East China Sea. Also, significant variations in net surface heat flux will contribute to the large-scale, seasonal temperature cycle. As a result, a seasonal mixed layer temperature cycle of over 6oC occurs in the northern SCS regions and between 2oC and 4oC in the southern regions. Over the central SCS temperature stratification is observed throughout the year, while over the shallow northern and southern regions atmospheric forcing and large-scale transport will attribute to a seasonal breakdown of the stratified system. The objective of this study is to assess the large-scale three-dimensional temperature cycle of the SCS and to develop a corresponding hydrodynamic model that is resolving the monsoonal response. Due to the significant spatial and temporal scales, sea level anomalies observed by satellite altimetry and Sea Surface Temperature (SST) observed by satellite radiometer play an essential role in this study, both to assess the SCS physical system and for modelling applications. The model is setup using the Delft3D-FLOW hydrodynamic modelling package and applies an orthogonal spherical-curvilinear and boundary fitted grid in the horizontal. In the vertical a sigma-layer approach is applied. In the deep SCS regions the model depth is truncated based on a reduced depth approach. For surface heating the so-called Ocean heat flux model of Delft3D-FLOW is used. At the open model boundaries water level and lateral transport forcing is applied. The model does not resolve tidal forcing. An extensive sensitivity analysis is performed, with model forcing and validation data both for a climatological year and for the year 2000. The models temperature accuracy is subsequently improved by assimilating remotely sensed SST data using a nudging method. On seasonal scales, the model represents the large-scale transport, surface heating and stratification with reasonable accuracy. Without SST nudging a mean difference of 1.75oC is observed with respect to validation data. By nudging SST the mean difference decreases with 15% to 1.5oC.


Applying the concept of integrated supply chain to emergency logistics, can effectively improve the operation efficiency of emergency logistics, shorten the supply time of emergency resource and diminish the disaster loss. From the view of integrated supply chain, this paper built an emergency logistics system model of Wuhan City Cluster and explored the countermeasures of constructing emergency logistics system of Wuhan City Cluster.


Objective To study the correlation of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and angiogenesis, cell proliferative potential in meningioma. Methods 40 specimens of meningiomas were divided into WHO grade Ⅰ to Ⅲ groups. VEGF, factor Ⅷ-associated antigen and Ki-67 antigen were tested semi-quantitatively by immunohistochemistry method. Results VEGF and microvessel density (MVD) expressions increased whereas Ki-67 expression decreased with the increase of the grade in meningiomas. In WHO grade Ⅰ group, endotheliocyte form of meningiomas showed the highest expression of VEGF, and followed by transient form and fibrocyte form with significant difference. The expression of VEGF has a positive correlation with MVD and Ki-67, and there was also a positive correlation between MVD and Ki-67. Conclusion VEGF, MVD, and Ki-67 are the indexes of distinguishing benign and malignant meningiomas and judging the biological behavior, and may be the new therapeutic targets.


BtoC Abstract: The problem that how to solve the heterogeneous environment during integrating E-commerce with CIMS is discussed in details: using WEB database and Java to realize the automatic information exchange in B to B; exploiting CORBA to solve the encapsulation problem of 'legacy system; using dynamic E-mail to realize automatic information exchange in B to C. Then a integrated program of theory is build.


This article describes the work of the GSI Grid Group with the aim to enlarge and operate an ALICE tier2 centre within the global environment of the LHC Computing Grid and to prototype a possible FAIR grid environment.


Patients, clinicians, researchers, and the general public commonly assume that depression is inexorably intertwined with the material and social worlds of the person with depression. There can be little doubt that when bad things happen, people become distressed and unhappy. When very bad things happen, some people become clinically depressed. Once a person has developed depression, his or her social and material worlds are altered, often in adverse ways that compound and perpetuate the original problem, outlast the depressive episode, and perhaps contribute to future recurrences of the disorder. A better understanding of depression, its origins and long-term course, requires enlarging the scope of inquiry to take into account the interplay of social-environmental factors and life stress with depression over the course of an episode, as well as over the lifetime of the individual. We begin this chapter with an overview of issues involving concepts and measures of life stress. This discussion provides a platform from which we then review research that addresses how life stress relates to onset of depression and subsequently how life stress is associated with the clinical course, lifetime course, and heterogeneity of depression. We focus on key theoretical debates, unresolved issues, and empirical gaps, along with the methodological implications for research on life stress and depression. We conclude with a discussion of directions for future research.


Direct observation of single molecules and single molecular events inside living cells could dramatically improve our understanding of basic cellular processes (e.g., signal transduction and gene transcription) as well as improving our knowledge on the intracellular transport and fate of therapeutic agents (e.g., antisense RNA and gene therapy vectors). However, a key remaining question is whether single-molecule methodologies could be developed to study complex molecular processes in living cells. in contrast to clean and well-controlled conditions in-vitro, the intracellular environment contains a broad collection of biological macromolecules and fluorescent materials such as porphyrins and flavins. This complex environment is known to produce intense background fluorescence, commonly known as autofluorescence. Thus, a major concern is that this intracellular background could overwhelm the relatively weak signals arising from single molecules. We demonstrate that fluorescence detection of single molecules can be achieved by tightly focusing a laser beam into a living cell (see Figure 1). The observed background fluorescence is indeed higher than that in-vitro (e.g., pure biological buffer), but this background is continuous and stable, and does not significantly interfere with the measurement of single-molecule photon bursts. Specifically, we report single-molecule results on three types of extrinsic fluorescent molecules in cultured human HeLa cells (a cervical cancer cell line).


A commutative square (1) of morphisms is said to have a lifting if there is a morphism λ: B 1 → A 2 such that λϕ 1 = α and ϕ 2λ = β 1 Let us assume that we are working in a fixed abelian category . Therefore, ϕ i will have a kernel "Ki " and a cokernel "Ci " for i = 1, 2. Let k : K 1 → K 2 and c: C1 → C 2 denote the canonical morphisms induced by α and β. We shall construct a short exact sequence (s.e.s.) 2 using the data of (1). We shall prove that (1) has a lifting if and only if k = 0, c = 0, and (2) represents the zero class in Ext1(C 1, K 2). Furthermore, if (1) has one lifting, then the liftings will be in one-to-one correspondence with the elements of the set |Hom(G 1, K 2)|.


Summary. Anti‐A agglutinins from snail (Otala lactea) were studied for their serological and immunochemical behavior. Column chromatography suggested that the snail anti‐A had a sedimentation constant of 4.3 with estimated molecular weight of 42,000. These preparations were tested for Ouchterlony's agar gel diffusion and immunoelectrophoresis. The breakage of disulfide bonds with mercaptoethanol affected the anti‐A activity of the snail protein. Attempts were made to study the percentage of anti‐A active protein in these preparations and the amount of anti‐A protein required for agglutination of red cells.


In this paper the shock response of CrS, a cermet of potential interest as a matrix material for ballistic applications, has been investigated. Compacts with a Chromium: Sulfur ratio of 1.15:1 were investigated via the plate-impact technique. These experiments allowed the material to be loaded under a one-dimensional state of strain. Embedded manganin stress gauges were employed to monitor the temporal evolution of longitudinal and lateral components of stress. Comparison of these two components has allowed assessment of the variation of material shear strength both with impact pressure/strain-rate and time.


Two constitutive formulations adequate for representing distributed damage and localized cracking of concrete are described in this paper. They are derived using the same basic idea as the microplane model, i.e. the intrinsic material behavior can be specified on a plane of generic orientation, and the macroscopic relationships derived by accumulation of the contribution {rom all possible directions in space. In the first formulation, based on continuum damage mecizanics, a new expression of a three-dimensional damage tensor, as an integral of the damage for each microplane, is obtained. The second formulation, assuming a statically constrained microstructure, is intended to represent macroscopic cracks within the framework of smeared finite elements analysis and fracture mechanics. In that sense, two of the model parameters are the fracture energies per unit volume under modes I and II, which is convenient for adjusting their values according to the element size so as to achieve the prescribed fracture energy per unit area.


AbstractA novel take-off and landing system using ground-based power is proposed in the EU-FP7 project GABRIEL. The main feature of this system is the complete removal of the landing gear from civil aircraft. The proposed system has the potential to reduce aircraft weight, emissions, and noise. A feasibility study of the structural design of the connection mechanism between aircraft and ground system has been performed by simulating the landing procedure on a moving ground system. One of the key challenges is the landing on a moving ground system under high crosswind conditions. The main focus in the current research is the calculation of the critical dynamic loads on both aircraft and ground system for a wide range of landing conditions (sink rate, velocity differences between aircraft and ground system, etc.). For comparison, conventional landing procedures with a traditional landing (TL) gear have also been simulated. The aerodynamics of the aircraft is represented by an accurate empirical model. The r...


monstrant commejuyf ennemy du Seigneur" (147), and they were similarly accused of ritual murder of children. Diefendorf has assimilated vast amounts of material and presents her arguments clearly. She gives detailed references to legal and notarial documents, sermons, memoirs, and historical literature. While the author has done her job well, the publisher has been lamentably careless. The illustrations are too small to be useful, and a map of Paris is confusingly printed backwards (10). Fortunately, there is a paperback edition for classroom use. In our own age of renewed religious strife, this history is well worth reading.


Monte Carlo simulations are employed to investigate the surface growth generated by deposition of particles of different sizes on a substrate, in one and two dimensions. The particles have a linear form, and occupy an integer number of cells of the lattice. The results of our simulations have shown that the roughness evolves in time following three different behaviors. The roughness in the initial times behaves as in the random deposition model, with an exponent β1 ≈ 1/2. At intermediate times, the surface roughness depends on the system dimensionality and, finally, at long times, it enters into the saturation regime, which is described by the roughness exponent α.

The scaling exponents of the model are the same as those predicted by the Villain-Lai-Das Sarma equation for deposition in one dimension. For the deposition in two dimensions, we show that the interface width in the second regime presents an unusual behavior, described by a growing exponent β2, which depends on the size of the particles added to the substrate. If the linear size of the particle is two, we found that β2 β1, for all particles sizes larger than three. While in one dimension the scaling exponents are the same as those predicted by the Villain-Lai-Das Sarma equation, in two dimensions, the growth exponents are nonuniversal. (© 2011 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)


Let S be a finite set of points in R. Let k be a positive integer. A pair of points {a, b} of S is called k-linked if there exists a weakly monotone sequence with k + 1 points of S in which a and b are two endpoints. Let f(n, k) be the maximum integer t such that every n-set S ⊂ R has t k-linked pairs. It is known that f(n, k) = 0 if and only if n ≤ k. Let t(n, k) be (1/2) · ki=1( (n + i − 1)/k − k + 1)( (n + i − 1)/k − k) for n ≥ k + 1. It is known that f(n, 2) = t(n, 2) for n ≥ 5. In this paper, it is shown that f(n, 3) = t(n, 3) for n ≥ 10. For k ≥ 4, it is shown that there exists a positive constant ck depending only on k such that t(n, k) − ck ≤ f(n, k) ≤ t(n, k) for n ≥ k + 1.


Book synopsis: Greece's economy and society have undergone important structural changes in recent years as a result of the financial crisis and consequent austerity policies that have been implemented. The Greek labour market and employment relations system have been subject to immense pressures, leading to fundamental changes both in the structure of institutions and in the behaviour of the main employment relations actors.

The present volume constitutes a first attempt to appreciate the consequences of a decade of austerity politics on the Greek labour market. Offering a multidisciplinary perspective and building on original research by leading Greek scholars in the fields of labour economics, employment relations and the sociology of work, it will discuss the impact of the crisis and the resulting policies on the Greek labour market and employment relations.

This volume will be of interest to policy makers, researchers and students interested in the past, present and future of Greek employment relations and the impact of austerity on Greece.


To examine psychological responses to the COVID-19 pandemic, we conducted two large experience sampling (ESM) studies (Study 1: NESM participants = 327 and NESM reports = 29,512, Study 2: NESM participants = 2,272 and NESM reports = 64,810). Each study subsumed two 14-day ESM waves that took place before and during (Study 1) or during and after (Study 2) the first nationwide COVID-19 lockdown in Germany. We describe the assessed variables on the trait (e.g., personality) and state (e.g., momentary emotions) level. All data sets and codebooks are shared on osf.io/6kzx3/. The EMOTIONS data are open to collaboration and inclusion in reviews/meta-analyses.


Freud's reconstruction of old painting principle made every work more meaningful. He created extreme imbalance in paintings and formed his own characters-correspondence. His works are the new judgment standard of artistic value and rose to heights of actively creating newprinciple. His artistic language in paintings reflects the refusal to old principle.


We present experimental results on supercontinuum (SC) generation in Er-doped microstructured optical fibers (MOF) pumped with nanosecond pulses at 1064 nm. The Er doping increases the effective nonlinear refractive index [1]. As a result, nonlinear interactions are enhanced and broad supercontinuum spectra are generated with relatively low pump power. Supercontinuum spectra generated in two fibers with the zero dispersion wavelengths (ZDW) close to the pump wavelength are presented. The first MOF is an endlessly singlemode fiber with normal dispersion at the pump wavelength, while the second fiber is a large air-filling fraction MOF with anomalous dispersion at 1064 nm.


The automorphism group of a hermitian superalgebra.- Le principe de trialite, le principe d'interaction et les algebres de Lie graduees orthosymplectiques.- Graded manifolds and pairs.- Mathematics for classical supergravities.- Lagrangian gauge theories on supermanifolds.- Supergauge theories in graded manifolds.- Variational berezinian problems and their relationship with graded variational problems.- Cosmology and Kaluza-Klein theories.- Strings: From hadron dual models to gravity, unification and the structure of space-time.- The dirac & Levy-Leblond equations and geometric quantization.- Poincare gauge theory of gravitation: Foundations, exact solutions and computer algebra.- Systems of vector valued forms on a fibred manifold and applications to gauge theories.- Essential extensions of some infinite dimensional lie algebras.- Sur certaines expressions globales d'une forme volume.


The cytokine content (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α) in biological media of patients with periodontal disease associated with peptic and duodenal ulcers was studied. It was revealed, that inflammatory degenerative processes of combined pathology are inextricably connected with cytokine disbalance local and general character. Presented results of the study have shown an increased expression of pro-inflammatory IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α and anti-inflammatory IL-10 in the blood serum of patients with gastric and duodenal ulcers, as a result of systemic disorders in response to the inflammatory and destructive processes in periodontal tissues. Overproduction of IL-1β at simultaneous reducing IL-10 in contents of the gingival and periodontal pockets indicates an unfavorable prognosis during periodontal disease on the background peptic and duodenal ulcers.


Objective
To investigate the prevalence and relevant risk factors of osteoporosis and osteopenia among herdsmen in the western pastoral areas of Jilin Province, so as to provide a scientific basis for prevention and control of the disease in pastoral areas.

Methods
A multi-stage sampling method was used to select areas to perform epidemiological investigation in December 2012. Two countries-Cha Ganhua and Wulantala were randomly selected in Qianguo town. In each township, almost 50% of the villagers who were more than 18 years old were selected to detect osteoporosis and collect relevant information. Quantitative ultrasound bone density measuring instrument was used to measure the bone mineral density of subjects. Self-designed questionnaire was used to collect information. Information of general demographic information (age, gender, stature, weight, education level and marital status), obesity status [body mass index (BMI)] and osteoporosis related influencing factors were included in the questionnaire. χ2 test and rank test were performed to compare differences between two groups. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the independent influencing factors.

Results
Among 203 qualified subjects, detectable rates of osteoporosis and osteopenia were 3.45% (7/203) and 46.80% (95/203), respectively. Age and BMI were two independent influencing factors of osteoporosis/osteopenia. Herders who were greater than 50 years old were 2.72 times riskier than those who were less than 40 years old to be suffered from osteoporosis or osteopenia (OR = 2.72, 95%CI: 1.34-5.53); those with BMI ≥18.5 but 0.05).

Conclusions
The detection rate of osteopenia among herdsmen in the western pastoral areas of Jilin Province is high. Age and BMI are two independent influencing factors of osteoporosis/osteopenia. Health education on osteoporosis is strongly necessary. Herders should be encouraged to take measures such as early diagnosis, early treatment, reasonable diet, appropriate exercise, appropriate intake of calcium and vitamin D, so as to prevent osteoporosis.

Key words:
Osteoporosis; Osteopenia; Risk factors


The indices for evaluating the unsymmetry of a matrix are constructed according to the norm relation between matrix and its symmetrical part or its unsymmetrical part, the relation between 1- norm and ∞ ?norm, the relation between maximum of absolute eigenvalue and maximum singular value, the relation between spectrum condition number and the ratio of maximum of absolute eigenvalue to minimum of absolute eigenvalue, the relation between the sum of participation factors based on left and right singular vectors corresponding to maximum singular value and 1. At the same time, the new indices for evaluating the singularity of unsymmetrical matrix are constructed according to the relation between minimum of absolute eigenvalue and minimum singular value, the relation between the sum of participation factors based on left and right singular vectors corresponding to minimum singular value and one. These indices are verified using load flow Jacobian matrix and its reduced ones on IEEE 30 system, and the result shows that the ranking of spectrum condition number of load flow Jacobian matrix and its reduced ones are determined by their minimum singular values. At last, the relation between unsymmetry and singularity of load flow Jacobian matrix is discussed.


A method of calculation of the water balance components and its structural indices on the territory of the natural zones and the whole Volga river basin during low- and high-water phases of the multi-year fluctuationis worked out. The maps are presented to show the allocation of the water balance components during these phases as well as deviations from multi-year average for the subjects of the Russian Federation located on the territory of the Volgariver basin. Evaluation of the calculation method accuracy is conducted. The greatest calculation accuracy is observed for water-balance components for the forest natural zone and less accuracy is proved for the forest-steppe zone. Calculations for the steppe zone require refi nement of the parameters to calculate evaporation from large areas over a sufficiently long period.


A cosmetic skin care product comprising a therapeutically effective amount of a honey extract is described, the honey extract having a phenolic compound to saccharides ratio of at least 5 times greater than the raw honey from which the extract is derived and including a mixture of at least ethanol, water and one or more MMP inhibitory phenolic compounds.


Modern spectrum estimation methods can provide in this case more reliable results of investigation because of high-accuracy even for short data lengths, immunity to noise and independence of accuracy on length of analysis window and on other signal parameters (1 - 3). Abstract - Spectral representation of waveform distor- tions has been of great interest in power systems for many years since the disturbing loads generate a wide spectrum of components which deteriorate the quality of power supply. When spectral components are time-varying in amplitude and/or in frequency - such as in presence of arc furnaces and adjustable speed drives - high resolution methods should be applied due to their capability of cap- ture these changes in time. In this paper the Prony and ESPRIT high-resolution methods are used to analyse simulated non-stationary waveforms in a supply system of a DC arc furnace. The analysis has been completed before and after the inclusion in the system of several compensa- tion devices (STATCOM, Active Filter, Passive Filter and a hybrid of STATCOM and Active Filter). The main con- clusion of the paper is that Prony and ESPRIT methods are useful tools also for the control system design; in fact, they allow capturing time variations of spectra compo- nents better than most usual techniques such as Fourier- based methods. Current and voltage waveforms are obtained from a simulated dc arc furnace plant with and without com- pensation devices, such as: passive filters, active filters, static synchronous compensator (STATCOM) and a hybrid of active filter and STATCOM (4). Analysis of current and voltage waveforms is carried out using the Prony model and ESPRIT method. All above methods are parametric high-resolution spectral methods, which can provide time-varying values of amplitude and/or frequency of spectral components. In the paper, numerical applications of these methods are presented in order to illustrate their implementation problems and practical applications. To investigate the methods, several experiments are performed using non- stationary voltage and current waveforms in a supply system of a dc arc furnace with different compensation devices. Conclusions and recommendations are formu- lated concerning each of the compensation and investi- gation methods.


Abstract does not appear. First page follows.
 The downy mildew, Peronospora schachtii Fuckel, on Beta vulgaris L. has been known in Europe since 1852 but was not observed in this country until
 1911. Because of the supposed minor importance of this disease, no extensive studies
 of its prevalence and distribution had been made in America until 1929 when an epidemic
 of this disease destroyed over 40 per cent of the seed crop of the garden beet in
 central California.
 Investigations showed that, although this disease has been known more than three-quarters
 of a century in Europe, comparatively little information was available regarding certain
 phases of the disease. Therefore, the pathogene was studied in regard to its life
 history, its host range, and the relation of environment to its attack.
 The Disease
 Occurrence.—The downy mildew on Beta vulgaris was first described as Peronospora schachtii by Fuckel(16) in 1865 and was distributed as Fung. rhen. 1508. A slightly amplified description
 was published by the same author(17) in 1869. In 1872, Kuhn(24), (25) presented a careful and accurate description of the macroscopic and microscopic symptoms
 of the disease, using the name P. betae, synonymously with P. schachtii. He stated that he first observed downy mildew of the beet in 1854 and that Schacht
 had observed the same disease sporadically in the years 1859 to 1861. The oospore
 stage of the causal fungus was not observed by Kuhn(24) but he reported that by means of repeated experiments he had determined that P. schachtii overwintered as mycelium within the crown of the seed beets.


The ant species of garden tree has 29 species totally,which belong to 4 sub-family,16 genus in Chengdu.The genus proportion of Myrmicinae is highest than other subfamily.The highest proportion of species belongs to Formicinae.And Paratrechina bourbonica(Forel) whose proportion is 33.5% is dominant species.Moreover,by compared collecting location number and species number,the locations collecting from Ligustrum lucidun is the most,and the species which was gathered from tree support,stump,decayed wood is the most abundant.


FOR more than twenty years after its completion Allen Tate struggled to revise his masterpiece "Ode to the Confederate Dead." He expanded, tightened, clarified, and often simply tinkered with his early work in a mammoth poetic and editorial task whose scale has been underrated. Not only was this revision an abiding preoccupation for Tate, but it involved such luminaries as Donald Davidson, John Crowe Ransom, Robert Penn Warren, Stark Young, and Yvor Winters in a largely unpublicized controversy. The advice they offered Tate in private correspondence, most of which is on file at the Princeton University Library, was a major cause of his attempt to revise the "Ode," as he sought at once fidelity to his own artistic imagination and provision for his friends' not always consistent critical opinion. The disagreement brought out in this correspondence is partly responsible for his indecision and second-guessing on so many lines: if some of the chief poets and critics of the day gave contrary advice, if he was not in full agreement with them, where was he to look for guidance?1 At Tate's request Ransom provided a series of marginal notes to the first typed copy of the "Ode," which was written in December 1926.2 A selection of these remarks shows their drift. Ransom approves of the rhythm and tone but calls "the meanings very very fleeting and dif fused." Bothered by Tate's method, Ransom writes comments like "we get a bit lost about this" (H.34-35), "Is this a hit?" (l.i), "Is this


The development of equilibrium network methods from astarte corridor model of 1969 to the urban mass transit administration incorporation of the frank wolfe algorithm for equilibrium estimation into utps. The relationship between different approaches to the underlying mathematical programming specification of equilibrium demand and flow on the network are discussed, and the more recent work on producing a range of different equilibrium algorithms is given as an example.


Early writers on entrepreneurship were concerned mainly with entrepreneurial motivations. They assumed that an entrepreneurial personality was in-born. Contemporary studies of entrepreneurship, particularly those carried out by social scientists, emphasise social experience in accounting for the supply and success of entrepreneurs in any social group. This article analyses some of the social forces that account for the supply and success of indigenous entrepreneurs in Zimbabwe.


A new recursive algorithm for deriving the layout of parallel multipliers is presented. Based on this algorithm, a network for performing multiplications of two's complement numbers is proposed. The network can be implemented in a synchronous or an asynchronous way. If the factors to be multiplied have <italic>N</italic> bits, the area complexity of the network is <italic>O</italic>(<italic>N<supscrpt>2</supscrpt></italic>) for practical values of <italic>N</italic> as in the case of cellular multipliers. Due to the design approach based on a recursive algorithm, a time complexity <italic>O</italic>(log <italic>N</italic>) is achieved.
It is shown how the structure can he pipelined with period complexity <italic>O</italic>(1) and used for single and double precision multiplication.


2. The most important scientific issue in this study is the updated aerosol optical properties form the DRAGON-Asia campaign that can improve the AOD retrieval in single visible channel algorithm. However, since in the case of SSA, it is only available under the specific condition (i.e. AOD at 440 nm is larger than 0.4), the LUT based on AERONET INV data could not work well in the single visible channel algorithm when the AOD is small. Therefore, further evaluations with AERONET sun-photometer observations are needed for the cases divided into small and large AOD (i.e. AOD440nm<0.4 and AOD440nm≥0.4).


ABSTRACT Physical education teacher education (PETE) students are required to use technology to enhance planning and implementation, instructional delivery and management, and professional responsibility (Society of Health and Physical Educators America. (2017). National Standards for Initial physical education teacher education. Retrieved from http://www.shapeamerica.org/accreditation/upload/National-Standards-for-Initial-Physical-Education-Teacher-Education-2017.pdf). However, there are issues with technology integration competence and barriers in physical education and PETE [Gibbone, A., Rukavina, P., & Silverman, S. (2010). Technology integration in secondary physical education: Teachers' attitudes and practice. Journal of Educational Technology Development and Exchange, 3(1), 27–42; Jones, E. M., Bulger, S. M., Illg, K., & Wyant, J. (2012). Modified delphi investigation of instructional technology in PETE. Global Journal of Health and Physical Education in Pedagogy, 1(4), 295–310]. Effective integration demands the incorporation of pedagogy around subject content, delivered with appropriate technology, known as technological, pedagogical, and content knowledge (TPACK). The purpose of this study was to investigate TPACK-related experiences of 13 faculty and 32 students among three PETE programs through a multiple case study design. Semi-structured interview and focus group guides were employed and thematic analysis was used to code data from within and across the three cases [Boyatzis, R. E. (1998). Transforming qualitative information: Thematic analysis and code development. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications; Fereday, J., & Muir-Cochrane, E. (2006). Demonstrating rigor using thematic analysis: A hybrid approach of inductive and deductive coding and theme development. International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 5(1), 80–92]. Results indicated varying experiences with instruction in TPACK, faculty modelling of technology, and integration of technology into field experiences. Recommendations for PETE programs based on the results of this study include the pursuit of funding for technology for use in pedagogical content courses and field experiences, development of a strategic curriculum map of where and when technology is incorporated across program coursework, and strategic placement of students in technologically advanced schools.


The nonlinear Schrödinger equation (NLSE) with a random potential is motivated by experiments in optics and in atom optics and is a paradigm for the competition between the randomness and nonlinearity. The analysis of the NLSE with a random (Anderson like) potential has been done at various levels of control: numerical, analytical and rigorous. Yet this model equation presents us with a highly inconclusive and often contradictory picture. We will describe the main recent results obtained in this field and propose a list of specific problems to focus on, which we hope will enable to resolve these outstanding questions.


The invention relates to a device comprising a motor unit by rotating at least one shaft (Rp1, Rp2), said group comprising a plurality of operating members (Ee1, Ee2, ..., Een), each element being capable of producing a fraction of the total power required on said rotation shaft, characterized in that the motor unit (GEMD) is an electromotive distributed group consisting of several electric motors members (Ee1, Ee2, ..., Een) stacked with fixed parts and movable portions, said movable portions being connected to the rotation shaft (Rp1, Rp2), the axes of rotation of said movable parts and said shaft being coaxial. The invention increases the reliability of the entire transmission, while significantly decreasing the footprint, weight and maintenance costs.


OBJECTIVE: This study analyzes the food consumption of children from Gameleira, located in the Southern Forest Area of Pernambuco, and from Sao Joao do Tigre, located in the semiarid region of Paraiba, in the Brazilian Northeast. METHODS: This cross-sectional study included 238 children from Gameleira and 207 from Sao Joao do Tigre aged <2 years. Food consumption was investigated using a 24-hour dietary recall. Nutrient intake adequacy was classified according to the Dietary Reference Intakes. RESULTS: Mean intakes of energy and most nutrients were above the reference values for all ages in both cities. The prevalences of risk of inadequate nutrient intake were high for most nutrients, especially iron and zinc, in children aged 7 to 11 months. Sao Joao do Tigre presented higher said prevalences for most studied age groups and nutrients, except for protein and iron in children aged 12 to 23 months, although the difference was not statistically significant. CONCLUSION: The nutrition situation of this population is still of concern because of the high prevalence of risk of inadequate nutrient intake. Therefore, strategies that promote and ensure food and nutrition security are needed for these populations to prevent risk of nutrition disorders.


The liquid extraction process is reviewed relative to developments made in the problems of extraction from single drops, motion of drops immersed in another in mixing vessels, and formation of dispersions in mixing vessels. The performance of various mixer-settlers and pulsed, packed, and rotating-disk columns is reviewed. Industrial applications of liquid extraction processes are discussed. (C.J.G.)


Proxy servers (Proxies) have been a staple of the World Wide Web infrastructure since its humble beginning. They provide a number of valuable functional services like access control, caching or logging. Historically, control systems have had little need for full-fledged proxied systems, as direct, unimpeded resource access is almost always preferable. This still holds true today, however unbound direct asset access can lead to performance issues, especially on older, underpowered systems. This paper describes an implementation of a fully transparent proxy server used to moderate asynchronous data flow between selected front-end computers (FECs) and their clients as well as infrastructure changes required to accommodate this new platform. Finally it ventures into the future by examining additional untapped benefits of proxy control systems like runtime read-write modifications.


Let $\xi$ be a non-constant real-valued random variable with finite support, and let $M_{n}(\xi)$ denote an $n\times n$ random matrix with entries that are independent copies of $\xi$. We show that, if $\xi$ is not uniform on its support, then \begin{align*} \mathbb{P}[M_{n}(\xi)\text{ is singular}] &= (1+o_n(1))\mathbb{P}[\text{zero row or column, or two equal (up to sign) rows or columns}]. \end{align*} For $\xi$ which is uniform on its support, we show that \begin{align*} \mathbb{P}[M_{n}(\xi)\text{ is singular}] &= (1+o_n(1))^{n}\mathbb{P}[\text{two rows or columns are equal}]. \end{align*} Corresponding estimates on the least singular value are also provided.


PurposeDespite the merit of extant studies on career decision regrets, they are not well integrated, are developed at different speeds and differ in focus. Specifically, they do not address an important question about the levels and antecedents of regret arising from choosing entrepreneurship instead of paid employment and vice versa. The authors adopted the regret regulation theory as foundation to examining the moderated effect of entrepreneurial potential (EP) on career choice regret (CCR) among employees and entrepreneurs.Design/methodology/approachThe authors surveyed 721 employees and 724 entrepreneurs from a developing country and applied partial least squares-structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) to test the hypotheses.FindingsEmployees regretted their career choice three times more when compared with entrepreneurs. However, the authors failed to conclude that the latter had three times better living conditions when compared with the former. EP negatively influenced the regret of being an entrepreneur in lieu of an employee while it positively influenced the regret of being an employee in lieu of an entrepreneur. The perceived opportunity cost of being a higher EP employee was three times greater when compared with that of being a lower EP entrepreneur. The effect of EP on CCR was mitigated or amplified by duration in the career, former career status, decision justifiability, and perceived environment's supportiveness.Research limitations/implicationsThe design was cross-sectional, thus, the findings cannot be interpreted in the strict sense of causality.Originality/valueThe authors rely on an important yet often overlooked context of the choice between entrepreneurship and paid employment to test, clarify, and extend the regret regulation theory. The findings have novel human resource management and entrepreneurship policy implications.


This report was prepared for and submitted to the Graduate School of the Ohio State University as a dissertation for partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) degree.


Objective: To define the spectrum and types of neurological disorders in patients residing in rehabilitation institutions in the eastern province of Saudi Arabia (Eastern Province, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA)). Setting: Rehabilitation institutions in the Eastern Province, KSA. Patients and methods: All the residents in the four rehabilitation institutions in the Eastern Province, KSA were evaluated by a neurologist and pediatrician. Results: Six hundred and eight patients (352 males, 256 females) were seen: 244 (40.1%) were aged 13 years old or less; 321 (52.8%) were aged between 14 and 65 years and 43 (7.1%) were more than 65 years. The main neurological disorders seen were cerebral palsy and epilepsy in 531 (87.3%) and 172 (28.3%) cases respectively. Disorientation was encountered in 432 patients (79.4%) and behavioural problems in 255 (49.9%) in the form of hyperactivity (146 cases, 29%) and withdrawl (109, 20.9%). Receptive and expressive dysphasia were observed in 307 (55.4%) and 300 (49.3%) patients respectively with some degree of overlap. Other disabilities included hearing loss in 348 (57.2%) and visual impairment in 327 (53.8%). Motor weakness was present in 306 patients (50.3%) in the form of quadriplegia (210), paraplegia (71), hemiplegia (15) and monoplegia (10). Conclusion: Neurological abnormalities are common among residents of the four rehabilitation institutions in the study area. Identification and accurate quantitation of these and other abnormalities may prove useful in planning the type and scope of rehabilitation and other support services in such institutions.


In the period of creation of electronic catalogue in V. Sukhomlynsky state pedagogical science library of Ukraine the question of conducting of authoritative file of titles of collective author is actual. The given article is devoted to the history of sources of authoritative control, technology of creation of authoritative file «Collective author» and also to the problems which arise up during the creation and conducting of the file.


T IS CLEAR T H A T THERE IS INCREASING CONI cern about the possibility that chemotherapy may play a role in the etiology of second primary tumors in cancer patients. However, before a causal relationship can be established between antineoplastic agents and these second tumors, additional basic experimental data must be acquired. Dr. Marquardt has summarized the utility of in uitro screening systems for this purpose, and Drs. Weisburger and Schmzhl have presented data obtained from rodent bioassays on the carcinogenicity of clinically useful antitumor agents. In studies initiated at our laboratory several years ago, we are using nonhuman primates, primarily rhesus and cynomolgus monkeys, to evaluate the carcinogenic potential of various antitumor agents. To date, both procarbazine and methylnitrosourea (MNU) have proved to be potent carcinogens (Table 1 ). Procarbazine has induced neoplasms in 18% of treated monkeys after an average latent period of 6.5 years, and six of the 10 malignancies that developed were acute leukemia. MNU induced squamous cell carcinomas of the oropharynx in 11% of monkeys receiving this agent for an average of 6 years. Studies with the other agents, Adriamycin, 1-PAM (melphalan) and Imuran have only recently been initiated, and none of the treated monkeys have as yet developed tumors. We are also trying to establish in monkeys whether there is a threshold carcinogenic dose for the known hepatocarcinogen diethylnitrosamine (DENA). Five groups of monkeys are receiving biweekly intraperitoneal injections of DENA at doses ranging from 40 to 1 mg/kg. In the three groups of monkeys in which tumors have developed, we have found that the latent period increases as the mg/kg dose decreases; furthermore, a total DENA dose between 1.2


The article discusses the U.S. electric grid and argues that the electric grid infrastructure requires financial support and modernization, including in regard to government investment for the electric grid. An overview of the relationship between electric utilities and peak demand for electricity, including in regard to their management of peak demand, is provided. An overview of the role that natural disasters play in U.S. electric power outages, including in regard to the 2012 Hurricane Sandy's causing trees to fall on electric power lines, is also provided.


This study documented hepatic tissue's protective activity against oxidative damage mediated experimental models of breast cancer.

Gaviola has a long history of improving the protection mechanism against many diseases as an antioxidant and anticancer dietary agent.

The purpose of this study is to establish changes in hepatic profiling, antioxidants, inflammatory cytokine expression, and DMBA-induced hepatic histopathology of mammalian rats.

7,12-dimethylbenz[a] anthracene (DMBA), PAHs, used orally in female Sprague Dawley rats Fifty-seven days-old with breast cancer single-dose diluted in sesame oil of 20 mg/kg/body weight. The cancer-bearing animals had 45 days gastrogavagated at 200 mg/kg/body weight with Graviola. The serum samples were taken at the end of the experiment. The rats were sacrificed to establish the hepatic protective activity of the graviola by testing hepatic and oxidative stress markers.

Graviola therapy shows that enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants and lipid peroxide levels have increased efficiency and have restored the high activity of hepatic marker enzymes such as ALT, AST, ALP, and GGT. To date, hepatic expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-like 2 (Nfe2l2) and nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1 (Nfkb1) mediated rats have normalized. In addition, histological observations have demonstrated that Graviola's treatment effectively protects the liver from the oxidative damage caused by DMBA, reinforcing its hepatic defensive nature.

Graviola therapy improves the efficiency of both enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants and lipid peroxide levels. It also helps in the restoration of other liver enzymes.


One of the ways in which body pain can be relieved is by medications which are readily available. Over-the-counter Non-Steroidal Anti-inflammatory (OTC-NSAIDs) drugs are the most common for this purpose. However, OTC-NSAIDs are associated with side effects that range from mild to serious. In this context, the study aims to determine the profile of the respondents and their patterns of intake of OTC-NSAIDs and its perceived side effects. A descriptive type of research was utilized to profile the 90 respondents selected through purposive sampling technique. Majority of the respondents were female, with age groups are 40 and above and 40 and below and are mostly employed. The respondents' intake of the OTC-NSAIDs were according to the most frequent causes namely: headache, backache, body ache and shoulder pain. The study revealed generic mefenamic acid, 250mg as the medication taken for up to two days or after the pains eased to which the duration of intake lasted up to 6 months only, though there were respondents whose duration of intake lasted for 1 year or longer. Although there were side-effects such as drowsiness/sleepiness, abdominal pains due to acidity, dizziness, and mild diarrhea being experienced, most of the respondents depend on the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs to relieve the pains they experienced.


An investigation and analysis was carried out on the species and the number of avifauna in Hunan Academy of Forestry by fixed-point observation.The result showed that the 44 species of birds which belonged to 4 orders,11 families were recorded.Among them,25 species were resident birds,9 species were summer migratory birds,8 species were winter migratory birds and 2 were travelers.The bird diversity and community characteristics fluctuated with the season change.The number of individuals reached the peak in winter for the influence of the migrant,and fell to the minimum in summer.


ABSTRACTThis study aims to determine the profile of student learning difficulties and factors that affect student learning difficulties in online biology lessons at SMAN 13 Takalar. The research method uses a quantitative descriptive approach. The data collection technique is in the form of a questionnaire of student responses related to learning difficulties in biology lessons in online learning at SMAN 13 Takalar. The results of the descriptive analysis of the study showed that the profile of student learning difficulties in online biology lessons at SMAN 13 Takalar, namely mastery of student material is classified as a low category, student learning time is classified as a low category, student learning achievement achievement is classified as a medium category, student focus is classified as a medium category, student enthusiasm is classified as a medium category, student learning behavior is classified as a medium category and the use of online learning applications is classified as a medium category. Keywords: Learning difficulties, online learning, SMAN 13 Takalar.


A recently developed theory for boundary-induced phenomena in nonequilibrium systems predicts the existence of various steady-state phase transitions induced by the motion of a shock wave. We provide direct empirical evidence that a phase transition between a free flow and a congested phase occurring in traffic flow on highways in the vicinity of on- and off-ramps can be interpreted as an example of such a boundary-induced phase transition of first order. We analyse the empirical traffic data and give a theoretical interpretation of the transition in terms of the macroscopic current. Additionally we support the theory with computer simulations of the Nagel-Schreckenberg model of vehicular traffic on a road segment which also exhibits the expected second-order transition. Our results suggest ways to predict and to some extent to optimize the capacity of a general traffic network.


Acoustic streaming theory, applied to micro-scale pumps is presented. A mathematical model based on streaming equations and Mason's model [9] of the piezoelectric transducer is described. Using this model, the effect of geometric scaling, frequency variation, and excitation amplitude on head and flow rate are examined. The significance of high body forces in the AC boundary layer are demonstrated, along with their effect on mass flow rates for small geometries. It is shown that flow velocities are inversely proportional to the flow tube diameter for small sizes. Experimental data for a macro-scale pump is provided and used to corroborate the static head versus excitation relationship predicted by the model. Compression wave acoustic streaming pumps are shown to have potential viability for micro-scale applications.


Due to the recent availability of accurate measurements, the use of partial molar quantities (free energy, enthalpy, and entropy) has emerged as a tool aimed at evaluating effective pair interactions in nonstoichiometric compounds. In the present paper, this approach has been used to ascertain the validity of inverse methods in a simple academic case and to discuss available thermodynamic data in the most extensively studied system, i.e., YBa[sub 2]Cu[sub 3]O[sub 6+2[ital x]], in the framework of asymmetric two-dimensional lattice-gas models proposed for this system.


One of the present limitations of silicon-on-sapphire (SOS) technology is the cost of the starting material. It has been proved that this technology allows to build circuits with higher operating frequencies and denser than bulk technology. These advantages would be increased thanks to a lowering of substrate cost. One of the solutions is to use the flame fusion (FF) technique to replace Czochralski (CZ) growing of crystals. We deserve in this paper the present state of the art of the flame fusion growth of sapphire. This technique allows a significant decrease in material cost. We have evaluated a 50-percent decrease in cost at the 3-in "ingot" level (compared to CZ ingot cost1) for production levels of 100 000 wafers per year (the quality of the deposited silicon epi-layer seen through CMOS test circuits being the same). This cost saving is mainly due to: 1) absence of crucible in FF growth, 2) lower cost of furnaces, 3) lower cost of raw material. As the material cost accounts for nearly 50 percent of the cost of the sapphire substrate, we can expect a 25-percent saving at the sapphire substrate level when using FF growth instead of CZ growth. We describe the results obtained on material growth (on 2- and 3-in wafers), substrate characterization, and test of devices and circuits.


The Israeli parliament, the Knesset, is set to vote on an amendment to its Prisons Act mandating doctors to force feed mentally competent prisoners on hunger strikes.1 The proposed amendment is a response to a mass hunger strike staged by Palestinian detainees against their internment without trial ("administrative detention").

Force feeding of hunger strikers is …


Regardless of the amount or the quality,early five-character verses were concerned about the feeling of departure and missing are better regarded than other subject works in the same period,which brought great influence on future generations.The reason is that studying from place to place and going canvassing government officials in the late Eastern Han Dynasty were becoming popular.The increase of the students-abroad ship and men-canvassing government officials made these people miss their relatives far away,and to these travelers had higher cultivated manners.Hence they chose the topic of this kind to express their feelings.


This study investigates and fully identifies the challenges of the Iranian e-learning system. The approach was qualitative and the method was research synthesis. The statistical population consisted of studies from 2006 to 2019 in the field of challenges of the e-learning system of Iran collected with specific keywords from the country's databases. A total of 48 studies were identified as relevant. They were screened in stages and evaluated based on their title, abstract, and content. The final 19 articles selected underwent content analysis, revealing that Iran's e-learning system faces problems in eight dimensions: legal, human, educational, technological, sociocultural, support, economic, and managerial-organizational. The results of the analysis could serve as a model for countries with similar technology infrastructure and cultural features wishing to improve their e-learning systems.


A user's manual is presented for the ZORO 1 computer code developed in conjunction with the EPRI research program RP 249-1. ZORO 1 characterizes the oxidation behavior of Zircaloy-4 in steam using a finite difference analytical technique for oxygen diffusion into the cladding. While specifically developed to characterize oxidation of Zircaloy-4 in steam, the modeling used in ZORO 1 is general and capable of handling any two- or three-phase system with one element diffusing under transient temperature-time conditions. In this model, the fundamental variables of oxygen diffusion and interface oxygen concentrations associated with phase equilibrium are required along with the desired temperature transient. Output includes oxide and xi thicknesses, an oxygen concentration gradient in all phases present, oxygen absorbed in each phase, total oxygen absorbed and a prediction of ..cap alpha.. incursion formation based on oxygen saturation of the ..beta.. phase. Several options are included for convenience of the user. The purpose of this report is to present the ZORO 1 computer code in a convenient form for use. Examples of prediction capability for a variety of oxidation events are demonstrated to explain various input and output options available in the ZORO 1 computer code.


This paper proposes a novel method of achieving fast networking in hosted virtual machine (VM) environments. This method, called socket-outsourcing, replaces the socket layer in a guest operating system (OS) with the socket layer of the host OS. Socket-outsourcing increases network performance by eliminating duplicate message copying in both the host OS and the guest OS. Furthermore, socket-outsourcing significantly enhances inter-VM communication within the same host OS since it enables network packets to bypass the protocol stack in guest OSes. Socket-outsourcing was implemented in two representative operating systems (Linux and NetBSD) and on two virtual machine monitors (Linux KVM and PansyVM). These virtual machine monitors provided support for socket-outsourcing through shard memory, event queues, and VM-specific Remote Procedure Call between a guest OS and a host OS. The experimental results revealed that a guest OS outsourcing the socket layer achieved the same network throughput as a native OS using up to four Gigabit Ethernet links. Moreover, the benchmark results obtained from an N-tier Web application that generated a significant amount of inter-VM communication indicated that socket-outsourcing improved performance by up to 45 percent compared with conventional hosted VM environments.


Impact of hydrology‐associated deformation spans from the study of the rock hydrological properties and aquifer dynamics to the identification of geological disaster precursors. We analyze a comprehensive set of hydrology‐associated deformation signals, recorded by two underground 70 m long strainmeters (GAL16 and LAB780) operating under the Central Pyrenees (Spain) from the end of 2011 to the end of 2018. The two strainmeters measure extensional strain at the picostrain (10−12) level along two nearly orthogonal horizontal directions. Sign (compression or extension along any of the two directions), size, and time evolution of hydrology‐associated deformation vary considerably from season to season. We identify four classes of signals, related to summer rainfalls (producing compression along both GAL16 and LAB780), late‐spring and autumn rainfalls (producing extension along GAL16 and compression along LAB780), snow melting (producing opposite diurnal cycles along GAL16 and LAB780), and winter snowfalls (producing extension along both GAL16 and LAB780). Similar precipitations of the same class can give rise to differently sized signals; differences may be due to infiltration and/or surface load inhomogeneities as well as to complexities of the underground hydrogeological set up, which can lead to nonlinear, intrinsically time‐dependent, responses. Our modeling sheds light on the diverse effects associated with different environmental conditions. The variety of hydrology‐associated deformation we report is warning for the interpretation of all kinds of deformation data, as for their difficult modeling, the causative physical mechanisms, and the extreme care that is needed when removing hydrologically induced effects. Our insights are particularly useful in mountain areas.


We have used normal rat kidney (NRK) fibroblasts as an in vitro model system to study cell transformation. These cells obtain a transformed phenotype upon stimulation with growth modulating factors such as retinoic acid (RA) or transforming growth factor (cid:2) (TGF (cid:2) ). Patch-clamp experiments showed that transformation is paralleled by a profound membrane depolarization from around -70 to -20 mV. This depolarization is caused by a compound in the medium conditioned by transformed NRK cells, which enhances intracellular Ca 2+ levels and thereby activates Ca 2+ -dependent Cl - channels. This compound was identified by ESI mass-spectrometry as prostaglandin F2 (cid:1) (PGF2 (cid:1) ). The active concentration in the medium conditioned by transformed NRK cells as determined by an enzyme immunoassay was 19.7 ± 2.5 nM (n=6), compared with 1.5 ± 0.1 nM (n=3) by non-transformed NRK cells. Externally added PGF2 (cid:1) could trigger NRK cells that had grown to density arrest to restart their proliferation. This was inhibited when the FP-receptor (i.e. the natural receptor for PGF2 (cid:1) ) was blocked by Al-8810. RA-induced phenotypic transformation of NRK cells was partially (~25%) suppressed by AL-8810. Our results demonstrate that PGF2 (cid:1) acts as an autocrine enhancer and paracrine inducer of cell transformation, and suggest that it may play a crucial role in carcinogenesis in general.


The conduction properties of a two-dimensional tight-binding model with on-site disorder and an applied perpendicular magnetic field with precisely one-half of a magnetic flux quan tum per plaquette are studied. A cont inuum hamiltonian is derived which enables the construction of a field theory for the diffusive modes. The field theory is shown to be in the universality class of the O(2n,2n) /O(2n) × O(2n)(n--* 0) non-linear o-model implying that all the electronic states are localized. The system is shown to be related, via an analytic continuation, to a system of self-interacting fermions in 1 + 1 dimensions, in the n --* 0 limit.


Maintenance of critical or/complex systems has recently moved from traditional preventive maintenance to Condition Based Maintenance (CBM) exploiting the advances both in hardware (sensors / DAQ cards, etc.) and in software (sophisticated algorithms blending together the state of the art in signal processing and pattern analysis). Along this path, Environmental Control Systems and other critical systems/processes can be improved based on concepts of anomaly detection, fault diagnosis and failure prognosis. The enabling technologies borrow from the fields of modeling, data processing, Bayesian estimation theory and in particular a technique called particle filtering. The efficiency of the diagnostic approach is demonstrated via simulation results.


Pigmented villonodular synovitis (PVS) is a rare disease involving the synovial membrane and causing symptoms similar to arthritis. In diffuse PVS, recurrence is not uncommon after surgery. We report a male patient with PVS of the knee that recurred 1 year and 10 months after initial synovectomy. He was again operated on and then given adjuvant radiation therapy (RT) with a total dose of 34.5 Gy in 15 fractions beginning 39 days postoperatively. RT relieved his symptoms even though an MRI revealed persistent disease. RT may be beneficial for selected patients with diffuse PVS.


In 1927, we had the opportunity to investigate a typical case of lead poisoning with encephalopathy and with lead colic (published in V. A. V. 265, N. 2). This year I had to dissect the body of a lead-poisoned smelter. Here are the results of the study of this case, as they reveal some links in the pathogenesis of lead poisoning.


This paper traces the development of pension accounting theory and practice to 1930. It analyzes the early development of pension accounting theory and practice, examines explanations of the nature of pension costs, and reports the results of a survey of pre-1930 pension disclosure practices.


In this paper, we discuss the BCI-algebras satisfying (x y) z x (y z), where k is a xed positive integer,and give some properties of such algebras.


The strawberry is an important fruit worldwide; however, the development of the strawberry industry is limited by fungal disease. Anthracnose is caused by the pathogen Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and leads to large-scale losses in strawberry quality and production. However, the transcriptional response of strawberry to infection with C. gloeosporioides is poorly understood. In the present study, the strawberry leaf transcriptome of the 'Yanli' and 'Benihoppe' cultivars were deep sequenced via an RNA-seq analysis to study C. gloeosporioides resistance in strawberry. Among the sequences, differentially expressed genes were annotated with Gene Ontology terms and subjected to pathway enrichment analysis. Significant categories included defense, plant–pathogen interactions and flavonoid biosynthesis were identified. The comprehensive transcriptome data set provides molecular insight into C. gloeosporioides resistance genes in resistant and susceptible strawberry cultivars. Our findings can enhance breeding efforts in strawberry.