By combining chemical composition,process route,smelting process,rolling process design,this article introduced thedevelopment of A588GrA weathering steel.The causes that micro-cracks appear on the plate surface and that iron oxide scale on the surface was difficult to clear in trial production stage were analyzed.After adopting corresponding optimization measures,the A588GrA weathering steel plates that meet the standard requirements of ASTM A588/A588M-2003 were produced successfully.


The paper describes development stages for dismountable pipelines to work together with the major oil pipeline. Dismountable pipelines are used for transporting refined oil volumes over great distances in any climatic and geographical conditions. A dismountable construction provides technological pipeline schemes for rapid transportation and distribution of refined oil products to storage tanks. Subsequently, these products from containers can be utilized for various purposes.


Objective To establish a method for organotypic hippocampal slice culture of 4 week-old rats.Methods Hippocampal slices from 4 week-old rats were incubated with insert of microporous membrane.Inverted phase contrast microscope,lactate dehydrogenase(LDH)kit,immunofluorescence histochemical method and confocal laser scanning microscope were used to observe the circumstance of the culture.Results With prolonged time of incubation,the cultured hippocampal slices became thinner,cell strap lightness changed taper,the number of neurons decreased and that of astrocytes increased.Lactate dehydrogenase contents in the culture solution were stable and the activity of hippocampal slices was well for 12 days.Conclusion The model of organotypic hippocampal slice culture of 4 week-old rats could provide a way for research on nervous system diseases in vitro.


Education plays an important role in a person's life because it allows for personal growth,enrichment, awareness of environment and opportunities for social-economic improvement. Itis because of education, research and application that society has progressed the way it hasand it is the lack of education that perhaps can be blamed for many dark spots of humanhistory, particularly for women. Therefore, it is only logical to think that education would beavailable throughout the world, to all people, of all colors, economic backgrounds, gender andethnicity in order to safeguard the future's wellbeing.One of most important criteria for measuring development of one country is importance ofthe subject and validity women have. Whatever the effective and active attendance of womenbecomes more in the social affairs, the country develops more. It's clear that real importanceis not apparent and effective and the attendance is not symbolic. As women are appreciated,they can undertake their main tasks, namely up bringing human and regenerating occupationalopportunity that will be accomplished in the future society. Thus the recognition of womenstatus and promoting their basis and the role of training has very important to developoccupational opportunity.Many researchers have discovered that the road to education holds many traps and barriers.It depends much on the economy of a nation, and its religious and racial beliefs. In Iran forexample, the role of education on women's life has affected their relationship with the othergender and their role in society. Most significantly, education after the Islamic Revolution hasbeen used to promote the ideals of Islam, and to construct the ideals of motherhood andwifehood.


THE isolated adrenal cortex can be stimulated by the in vitro addition of corticotrophin. Tepperman (1950), using dog adrenal cortex slices, and Saffran, Bayliss and Webb (1951), using rat adrenal glands, found that corticotrophin, added in vitro, caused a fall in adrenal ascorbic acid and an increase in adrenal respiration. Pincus, Hechter and Zaffaroni (1951) and Vogt (1951) showed that the addition of corticotrophin to the perfusing medium increased the production of corticoids by perfused adrenal glands of cattle and dogs. This paper describes the formation of corticoids by rat adrenal glands in vitro and the stimulation of this formation by the addition in vitro of corticotrophin. The adrenal glands of young adult male Sprague-Dawley or Long-Evans rats were removed under nembutal anesthesia, dissected free of fat, and bisected with scissors. The glands were placed into Warburg flasks containing 2 ml. of Krebs-Ringer-phosphate medium (Dixon, 1943) with added glucose (200 mg. %).


 Abstract— Public transportation system is an essential feature of any country. However, the accidents, congestion and pollution are the major problems arising in the current scenario due to growth of population and vehicles. To overcome the problem and to reduce the number of private vehicles, proper planning and operation of urban bus route is required to be practiced in metropolitan cities like Delhi. The primary objective of this paper is to present the methodology for planning and operation of urban bus route. For present study, the urban bus route of Delhi Transport Corporation (DTC) from Janakpuri D Block to Jai Mata Market has been considered. Based on the regression analysis, it was found that bus service time is dependent on alighting and boarding of passenger plus opening and closing of door. Sensitivity analysis was also carried out to check the performance of generalized service time model. Keywords—Planning and operation, service time, urban bus route.


Literacy is the ability to identify, create, interpret, communicate and count, and read in daily life in order to develop social, economic, and cultural potential in modern life so that it can become a quality and virtuous person. The purpose of writing this article is to find out what are the inhibiting factors of literacy in Sridadi 55 / I Elementary School. The method used uses a phenomenological approach to the type of case study. The results of this study are students at Sridadi 55 / I Elementary School already have a fairly good interest in reading, but the lack of reading books available in libraries and reading corners makes students less enthusiastic about reading.


Despite major advances in cancer therapy in the last decades, treatment resistance can develop over time. Precision medicine allows for the successful implementation of targeted therapies and stratification of patients, but treatment resistance remains a major obstacle in patient management. The identification and validation of new targets associated with cancer resistance remains a major challenge. The great diversity of molecular mechanisms involved in treatment resistance phenomena, whether intrinsic (de novo or primary) or acquired (secondary), constitutes a real therapeutic challenge for patient care. A better understanding of resistance mechanisms would allow to explore new therapeutic strategies to circumvent these phenomena in different types of cancer. The OncoSNIPE® project was developed in this context as part of a multicenter and collaborative clinical study (NCT04548960) in more than 800 chemo-naive adult patients. The objective of this project was to identify early and/or late markers of treatment resistance in three different pathologies for which resistance problems are encountered: triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) or luminal B, locally advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). The program included traditional clinical and whole exome sequencing (WES) monitoring of patient biopsies (Exom-seq and RNA-seq) at diagnosis and relapse, monitoring of blood markers (RNA-seq and Proteomics – Cytokine) at diagnosis, and the evaluation of best therapeutic responses and relapse. The program used bioinformatics, artificial intelligence, statistical learning and semantic enrichment approaches to discover the diversity of mechanisms involved in these resistances and to identify new therapeutic targets, through hetero-modal data including clinical, genomic, transcriptomic, immunological and radiomic dimensions. Subsequently, a specific flowchart for target validation was applied to the resulting list, considering the target's developmental potential, its essentiality, prior knowledge (database mining) and home-made score of the link between the target and the disease. Finally, new targets were prioritized using weighting parameter and heuristic approximation based on the Crank algorithm. Experimental work on multiple targets began in the laboratory, initially in vitro, using 2D and 3D cell culture (including cells from patient-derived xenografts) and molecular interference. A wide variety of intrinsic or acquired molecular mechanisms involved in treatment resistance are being evaluated as candidates for diagnostic and therapeutic development.
 Citation Format: Sebastien Vachenc, Nicolas Ancellin, Didier Grillot, Kenji Shoji, Joanna Giemza, Nathalie Jeanray, Leila Outemzabet, Salvatore Raieli, Lamine Toure, Olivier Duchamp, Fabrice Viviani, Philippe Genne, Jan Hoflack, Stéphane Gerart. New oncology target identification and validation platform combining artificial intelligence and preclinical pharmacology. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 5370.


It has been recognized that many modern buildings undergo rapid deterioration, especially in areas with high air pollutant concentrations. It is assumed that the deposition of gaseous multi-pollutants and aerosols plays a major role in causing the deterioration of monuments and built cultural heritage in European cities. While the deterioration process due to air pollutants and particle deposition is well studied in stones, particularly limestone, sandstone and granite, in the case of cement materials the subject has yet to be explored. This work focuses on the investigation of the impact of air multipollutants on concrete architecture in current urban atmospheres. The diagnosis of surface layers considering location of buildings is a major issue in this research. To this end laboratory analyses have been preformed on samples from buildings exposed in different urban areas: Centennial Hall of 1913 (Wroclaw, Poland, close to a power station); Chiesa dell'Autostrada del Sole of 1963 (Florence, Italy, close to the motorway) and Casa Galleria Vichi of 1911 (Florence city centre). The samplings were carried out taking into account different levels and parts of the buildings, in washed out, sheltered and partly sheltered areas. The characterization of collected surface layers and cement mortar samples was performed using a range of analytical methods, including optical and scanning electron microscopy, x-ray diffraction, ion chromatography, induced coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy, differential and gravimetric thermal analysis and CHNSO elemental analysis. The quantitative results from the experimental work will be presented and discussed, in order to achieve an exhaustive picture of the main causes leading to concrete deterioration in the buildings under study.


In this article, the author interviews Antonio Gonzalez Marin, the president of Spain's state-owned railroad track authority, Adif, about the track authority's plans for the next few years. Since being set up in 2005, Adif has invested more than 17 billion Euro in the rail network. Mr. Marin describes how they are studying ways of increasing the public-private investment in the development of the high-speed rail network, the impact that open-access operators are having on the Spanish rail network, and the need for more paths for additional trains, which results in increased track maintenance costs. Adif is continuing to build new high-speed lines, both to boost the Spanish economy and to bring the rail network to a point of financial viability. The author also considers the ongoing role of conventional rail lines, for regional, overnight, and freight trains. The article concludes with a discussion of how national and regional government collaborations have been crucial to the extensive high-speed rail construction that is now underway across Spain.


Molecular size distributions for asphaltenes and maltenes from a series of petroleum residua have been determined using analytical and preparative scale gel permeation chromatography (GPC). A comparison of the molecular size distributions to the pore size distribution of a small pore desulfurization catalyst showed the importance of the catalyst pore size in efficient residuum desulfurization. Differences between the mean sulfur-weighted asphaltene molecular size and the mean metal-weighted molecular size for the residua examined helped to explain reported variations in demetaliation and desulfurization selectivities. The GPC technique was also used to monitor effects of both thermal and catalytic processing on the asphaltene size distributions. Finally, a comparison of the molecular sizes weighted by sulfur, nickel, and vanadium concentration for the six residua showed significant differences and suggested that the various charge stocks have undergone different formation and/or maturation processes.


The Raman and IR spectra of adenine (AH3) and of its derivatives adenine hydrochloride (AH4Cl), 1-methyladenine (1MeAH2) and 1-methyladenine hydrochloride (1MeAH3Cl) are discussed in relation to the mutagenic and carcinogenic activities that they display.

The spectra give evidence for a shift of tautomeric stability from the aminic form, which is favoured in AH3, toward the iminic, or iminic-derived form, in the derivatives AH4Cl, 1MeAH2 and 1MeAH3Cl.

The different biological activities of this series of compounds, in particular the mutagenic and carcinogenic effects, can be interpreted in terms of different reactivites associated with the π electronic systems, and of a hydrogen-bond coupling different from the canonical Watson–Crick type.


Main topic of this article is an issue of the illegal migration in Russia, as well as some legal methods of its prevention. The authors analyzed the literature sources related to the topic of the study, the re-sults of which outlined a number of topical aspects that determine the need for legal regulation of the status of migrants in Russia. At the same time, the issue of the emergence and development of measures to counteract illegal migration has been studied, and the main directions chosen by states in the implementation of migration policy have been described. The article also presents different points of view of government officials and scientists, demonstrating the commonality of their views on migration as a global problem in the context of the country's state security and the development of interethnic relations. Special attention in the study is paid to preventive measures to influence migra-tion processes, including measures to block and eliminate Internet resources that provide illegal ser-vices to foreign citizens in the field of migration


Agent is an active one who has certain knowledge and can solve the problem for a specific target by using effective knowledge. The approach has comprehensively consideration, can solve a flexible occasion in parts processing route. The approach is a hybrid multi-agent scheduling o ne. In this approach, the scheduling process advanced according to working procedure, which conforms to the actual production process. After all secondary agents complete their scheduling tasks, they transfer the scheduling results to the primary agent. So both scheduling simulation and real-time dynamic scheduling, can obtain satisfactory results. The results of experiments appear that the approach possesses fine extensibility and robustness.


The rapid development of modern information technologies,especially the rapid development of Internet technology,brings new challenges to the building of library holdings.This thesis illustrates the importance of innovating library holdings for art schools from three perspectives.We also put forward three detailed thoughts on the innovation of library holdings.They are: to upgrade the concept of library holdings,to highlight distinctive features,and to improve the informationization level of library holdings.


This thesis concerns the simulation of so called water hammers. Water hammers are pressure waves propagating through pipes filled with water. These pressure waves are created when the flow of water in a pipe is suddenly stopped, and can cause severe damage on the structure. Électricité de France (EDF) is a French electricity company. In the power plants of EDF water hammers occur. Due to safety regulations, if such a water hammer occurs the system has to be shut down. The water hammers are simulated to get a better understanding of the phenomenon. This will be used to reduce the downtime of the system and eventually prevent water hammers from occurring. For the simulation a two-fluid model is used. In this research project a new calibration of the equation of state coefficients is proposed. These coefficients are used in the calculations of the model. The model with the new calibration of the coefficients is assessed by comparing results of the model to experimental data and numerical results of other models. The results on the experiments of the seven-equation model are similar to the results of other numerical models. When comparing them to the experimental data some errors are visible. To improve the results the movement of the structure should be included in the model. Assessment of the Baer-Nunziato Seven-Equation Model Applied to Steam-Water Transients iii


Acknowledgements Series Editor's Preface Introduction: Exit, Voice, and Loyalty: Leave, Speak Up or Stay Boston Schools: The Height of Loyalty and Ethnic Exits (1920-40) Boston Teachers Express Their Voices (1920-65) School Reform Postponed (1940-62) Black Voices for Equal Education, and the White Response (1960-74) The Court Orders Reforms (1974-89) Universities Speak Up The Organized Teacher Voice (1965-2000) Business Calls for Educational Improvements Future Choices, Disparate Voices Notes Bibliography Index About the Author


The Authors have carried out a clinical-statistical research into cases of urinary tract infection by Serratia marcescens isolated in 42 of 2500 urine-cultures effected during the period 1971-1973 by patients hospitalized in "S. Maria della Scala" Hospital of Siena. The Authors point out the high incidence of isolation of Serratia marcescens in urological patients and show some control measures to prevent the diffusion of such infections in hospital.


To ascertain the constituents of serum proteins in disordered organs, we evaluated these proteins by the zone electrophoresis method. The medium used was cellulose acetate paper with Barbital (veronal) at pH 8.6 as the buffer. Disease conditions studied were cirrhosis, kwashiorkor, nephritic syndrome, post hepatic obstruction, acute glomerulonephritis, multiple myeloma and rheumatoid arthritis. Results reflect different patterns for each of the disease condition. There was generalized decrease in albumin concentration except for post hepatic obstruction while cirrhosis elucidated two potent markers, a unique Beta(?) - Gamma (?) fusion in one case and a high elevation of the gamma which spread to the Beta leaving a gap (juvenile cirrhosis). We quantitated the albumin by the bromocresyl green method and the total protein by the Biuret method to support the electropherogram obtained. Inclusion of serum protein electrophoresis will give integrity to differential diagnosis in organ derangement. Keywords: serum protein, albumin, globulins, electrophoresis, diagnostic.


The author addresses how regularity, frequency selectivity, and phase act upon the performance of a still image compression scheme using wavelet decomposition. Preliminary results are given for a simple compression scheme using orthonormal separable wavelet transforms, scalar quantization, rate/distortion optimization, various coding criteria, and a large number of 'wavelet' filters with balanced regularity, frequency selectivity, and phase. It is shown that regularity may be relevant for still image compression, at least for short filters (L<or=12), for which the regularity order is relatively small. Using more regular filters is probably useless, as the compression performance does not greatly improve for longer filters. Moreover, the effect of phase seems negligible for orthonormal filters.<<ETX>>


Sa'dî-i irâzî, who is one of those being prominent in Persian literature, has deeply impressed Turkish writers and poets. Excluding Ferîdüddîn 'Attâr who is the biggest poet of Mesnevi, and Ömer Hayyâm whose poetries were translated to many different languages, some sources have presented him with Firdevsî and Hâfız' as one of three leading figures of Persian Literature. Considering that Firdevsî acquired his fame with ehnâme, the importance of Sa'dî and Hâfız in Persian literature is easily understood. Based on the titles of his works and the causticity of his lyric poetries (gazel), it may be said that if Sa'dî is vegetable garden (Bostân) of talent, Hâfız is singer (gazel-hân) of that vegetable garden. Sa'dî has always been influential in Turkish Literature. Since XIV'th century, Turkish poets and writers have benefited from Sa'dî, especially from Bostan ve Gülistan, and reflected his effects in their works.


The accessory body, first recognized as a characteristic component in the nuclei of nerve cells by Ram6n y Cajal ('03, 'lo), is an argyrophilic sphere situated at some distance from the nucleolus. Though not colored by the usual histological dyes it can be stained by various modifications of Cajal's reduced silver method. Cajal found the accessory body in neurons in various areas of the nervous system (the cerebral and cerebellar cortices, sensory ganglia, olfactory bulb and retina were specifically mentioned) and in the nerve cells of several species including mouse, rabbit, cat, dog and man. I n pyramidal cells of the human cerebral cortex the accessory body was found to be situated most frequently near a plane that traversed the apical dendrite and the base of the axon. Cajal's observations were confirmed in nerve cells of birds and reptiles by Tello ( '04) and Athias ( '05). Recent interest in the structure of the resting nucleus, stimulated by the demonstration of sex chromatin in the nuclei of females of several mammalian species, has drawn attention to the accessory body. Brusa ('52) suggested that sex chromatin adjacent to the nucleolus corresponded with a basophil clot of Levi, and that sex chromatin situated at some distance from the nucleolus corresponded with an accessory body of


2014 Using the properties of the piezomodulation and an original experimental technique, it is possible to observe in the same spectrum the structures characteristic of the direct gap and those of the indirect one. It is shown that it is possible to identify the nature of the indirect gaps, owing to the different values of the deformation potential. REVUE DE PHYSIQUE APPLIQUÉE TOME 12, JANVIER 1977, PAGE Classification Physics Abstracts 0.644 8.814


Author(s): Luo, Yingjun | Advisor(s): Ding, Shou-wei | Abstract: Infection of RNA viruses induces RNA interference (RNAi) - directed antiviral immunity in plants and invertebrates. However, it is not known if the RNAi machinery in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe has an antiviral function. Replication of Flock House Virus (FHV) genomic RNA1 and its mutant deficient in the expression of the viral suppressor of RNAi (VSR) was examined in both wild type and RNA-defective mutant S. pombe strains. The results indicated that the primitive RNAi pathway in S. pombe was incompetent to inhibit viral RNA replication. Deep sequencing of small RNAs also did not detect production of virus-derived small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) following FHV replication in S. pombe. Since most of the previous studies in Drosophila used cell culture and embryos, little is known about the population structure, biogenesis pathway and relative potency of virus-derived siRNAs in adult Drosophila melanogaster. Deep sequencing of small RNAs from wild type and RNAi-defective Drosophila mutants challenged by a VSR-deficient FHV mutant showed that virus-derived siRNAs were produced by the type III ribonuclease Dicer-2, were predominantly 21 nucleotides in length with an approximately equal ratio of positive and negative strands, and sufficiently potent to terminate virus infection in adult flies. Importantly, two dsRNA-binding proteins, Loquacious and R2D2, which act sequentially in the biogenesis and loading of siRNAs in the canonical RNAi pathway, appeared to function redundantly in antiviral RNAi, whereas loss of Argonaute-2 resulted in a strong bias for positive-strand viral siRNAs. Further genetic studies revealed a prominent antiviral role for the PIWI gene, which encodes an Argonaute protein required for silencing transposons and repeat elements in the Drosophila germline. Notably, enhanced accumulation of FHV proteins in the epithelial sheath and follicle cells surrounding the developing egg chambers in the ovaries was illustrated in the Drosophila mutant heterozygous for PIWI. Consistently, presence of the piwi mutant allele resulted in significantly enhanced levels of FHV and Drosophila C virus in the progenies of virus-infected adult flies. Thus, Piwi may be essential for virus clearance in the developing oocytes, and hence prevent vertical transmission of certain RNA viruses in fruit flies.


Nephrolithiasis is the presence of kidney stones, which are also known as 'renal calculi'. Renal calculi arise when urine becomes supersaturated with insoluble components. This may occur when there is excessive production of these components, a decrease in factors maintaining their solubility (e.g. citrate), or a reduction in urine volume (leading to increased concentration). Infection may play a significant role in the initiation of renal calculus formation, by creating a nidus for further crystal growth. Renal calculi are usually classified into two categories: those containing calcium (80%), and non-calcareous calculi (20%).


(57) Abstract: secondary (2,3) alkyl sulfate surfactants and detergent compositions containing polyhydroxy fatty acid amides, gives an extremely low interfacial tension in aqueous media. Thus, excellent cleaning performance, even in the absence of phosphate builders and alkyl benzene sulfonate surfactants, are guaranteed in the case of such compositions. Thus, biodegradable laundry detergent composition comprising a secondary (2,3) alkyl sulfates and polyhydroxy fatty acid amide is provided.


ABSTRACT We are living among a global transformation in which neoliberal policies have created a precarious existence for various individuals and groups, including migrants around the globe. Precarity as a concept has become progressively widespread for making sense of the insecurities stemming from neoliberal policies, especially, flexible employment, ongoing decrease of welfare protection, and finding market solutions to social problems. Using an ethnographic approach, this paper aims to explore how Iranians in the UK overcome precarity. We found that precarity forces Iranians to confront their situation by considering their specific social experiences. Joining various transnational activities and networks, using transnational communication media, migrants convert their self-awareness into a strategy in order to overcome marginality.


Along with the rapid advancement of technology and increasing competition in the business world , especially e-commerce where online sales is becoming quite famous at present. PT. Prada Samya Mukti yet have applications that can facilitate the sale of which is still done manually using Microsoft Excel that requires a lot of data and not efficient. Therefore, the application of e-commerce is built so that the problem above can be solved. In search of the needs of the system is done via the method of collection is done in two ways, namely the method of observation, interviews and literature. System development methods that will be used is the method of object-oriented development model RAD (Rapid Application Development) which includes three phases, namely, Phase Planning Terms, Phase Workshop Design and Implementation Phase . This system development method using UML notation (Unified Modeling Language). Diagrams are used i.e., Use Case Diagram, Activity Diagram, Class Diagram and Sequence Diagram . From this research resulted in design e-commerce information system are useful to speed up the sale process PT.Prada Samya Mukti. Keywords: E-Commerce, Online, Rapid Application Development (RAD), Unified Modeling Language (UML)


During the last three decades, plant science has focused on model organism-based approaches, particularly on exploiting the powerful system represented by Arabidopsis thaliana, for which there are a wide range of genetic and genomic resources available. Increasingly, however, there is a tendency to broaden analyses to include multiple study organisms in an attempt to understand biological processes from an evolutionary perspective. An additional advantage of this multi-organism approach is that it has the potential to capture functional variations on a central theme as particular biological processes are likely to have been adapted to the needs of each organism. The exact nature of the organisms selected for such studies depends on the objectives of the study. For recently evolved systems, such as the regulatory processes controlling flowering, for example, the group of organisms will usually need to be quite closely related. By contrast, for ancient, more basic cellular processes such as photosynthesis or primary cell metabolism, for example, it may be of interest to compare much more widely diverged organisms. The objective of this article is to underline the potential of the diverse spectrum of eukaryote species that are grouped under the definition 'algae' as study organisms for the latter type of approach. The term 'algae' refers to all photosynthetic eukaryotes apart from land plants. Algae is a polyphyletic grouping and includes taxons in five of the eight major eukaryotic groups (Fig. 1). This very broad phylogenetic distribution of photosynthetic organisms in the eukaryotic tree is due to a combination of two factors: (i) the very ancient nature of the initial primary endosymbiotic event that occurred in the green lineage (in which a cyanobacterium was captured and enslaved to become a plastid) and (ii) the subsequent occurrence of multiple secondary and tertiary endosymbiotic events in which a photosynthetic alga was, in turn, captured by a phylogenetically unrelated heterotrophic eukaryote and itself enslaved to become a plastid within the predator cell (Armbrust, 2009; Keeling, 2010). These secondary and tertiary endosymbiotic events are particularly interesting because they have led to plastids being resident in a very diverse range of cellular contexts and because the reiterative 'Russian doll' capture process resulted in novel combinations of genomes due to gene transfer processes that occurred during the enslavement. Most of the key endosymbiotic events are very ancient, having occurred before the colonization of the land by photosynthetic organisms (Keeling, 2010) and many of the taxonomic groups that include algal species have no terrestrial members. The marine environment is, therefore, a potentially rich source of novel model photosynthetic organisms.


The application of artificial intelligence methods to information system security risk assessment is summarized in the paper.On the basis of comparing artificial intelligence and traditional risk assessment algorithms,some typical artificial intelligence methods used in the field of information security risk assessment are analyzed deeply.After discussing the strengths and weaknesses of these methods,some improved comprehensive artificial intelligence analysis and assessment methods are presented,and then a brief overview of these algorithms is made.Two intelligent algorithms of Dempster-Shafer theory based on belief functions are analyzed and compared.


Ethylene glycol diacrylate(EGDA) is synthesized with acrylic acid(AA) and 2-Hydroxyethyl acryl ate(HEA).The type and amount of catalyst and inhibitor and other reaction conditions are optimizedly studied according to EGDA production rate.The result illustrates that cyclohexane is a better aqua than benzene for the reaction.Reduced pressure and temperature should be applied to restrain the polymerization.The contrast analysis shows that the production rate of EGDA with the method is much higher than that of both the direct etherification and the transesterification,with better quality.


The conditions leading to small-polaron formation for a single charge carrier in the Su-Schrieffer-Heeger (SSH) model are compared with the Holstein model. From analytic perturbation theory and exact numerical diagonalization of small clusters different criteria are established, which however have a common physical origin: Polaron formation requires a sizable mass enhancement and a lattice deformation energy gain larger than the loss in the bare electron kinetic energy in both models. The optical absorption of the Su-Schrieffer-Heeger model in the polaronic regime is also shown to exhibit an additional feature not present in the Holstein model. This additional feature arises due to the bond nature of small polarons in the SSH model, and is determined by transitions from the ground state of the bonding character on a shortened bond to excited states of the antibonding character on the same shortened bond.


Objective To explore an effective method of autogenous teeth transplantation.Methods 38 cases(42 teeth)of autogenous teeth transplantation in recent 10 years were gathered and analyzed in terms of their operational programs,root-end development,opportunity of endodontic treatment,root resorption and stability of teeth,which was followed-up 1 year and 3 years respectively after operations.Results 37 teeth(88.10%) were succcessful,5 teeth(11.90%) were basically satisfactory and none failed 1 year later.3 years later,32 cases(36 teeth)were observed,but 6 cases(6 teeth)failed to be followed-up.Moreover,27 teeth(75%)were successful,7 teeth(19.44%)were basically satisfactory and 2 teeth(5.56%)failed.Conclusion Autogenous teeth transplantation is a fairly successful method to rapidly rectify the individual malposed teeth and repair some lost teeth.


Wireless embedded smart cameras provide significant advantages for surveillance applications, due to their mobility and flexibility in deployment. Many surveillance applications rely on data exchange and image transmission through the network. Moreover, with the widespread use of smart phones and social media, image exchange through crowdsourcing can provide invaluable information for surveillance and investigation purposes. However, transmission of images consumes significant amount of energy, and energy is a limited resource for wireless embedded devices. So far, not much attention has been paid to the energy consumption of a static or mobile node during image transmission for different scenarios. In this paper, we present a new approach for image transmission, which employs a relay node and decreases the overall energy consumption of the sender and the relay nodes. We have performed the experiments with actual wireless embedded smart cameras (CITRIC), with TelosB motes, for a static as well as a mobile scenario. We have compared the energy consumption of the proposed method with that of a traditional relay approach, and that of not using a relay node at all. Experimental results show that, with the proposed relay approach, the energy consumption of image transmission can be reduced by up to 16% in a mobile scenario.


The article deals with the concept of information com-petence. The author carries out the analyses of its structure. The components of the information competence structure are revealed. The article comprises the results of the overview of scientific works that treat the concept under discussion.


The translation quality of current machine translation systems is limited by restriction to syntactic and semantic factors. A wider range of factors, including pragmatic and discourse factors, needs to be extracted from the source text and transferred to the target text. However, correct generation of the target text often requires factors which are not present in the source text. One way to add these factors is by interactive inquiries to the user. Systemic Functional Grammar (SFG) includes the necessary wider range of factors. It is also orientated explicitly towards the organization of choices in the values of these factors. The aim of the thesis is therefore to investigate the possible advantages in the use of SFG in machine translation. This investigation is in two parts: a survey of the theory and practice of SFG in both monolingual and multilingual generation, with reference to related issues in machine translation, and an implementation of a demonstration prototype showing an SFG-based approach to the inclusion of the wider range of factors by interactive inquiries. The demonstration prototype is an interactive generation system, in which inquiries concerning factors needed in the generation of complex English modal and auxiliary verb groups are presented in Japanese to a Japanese user. The necessary factors are organized as an SFG network of choices, and the inquiries are based on felicity conditions for the appropriateness of the choices. The prototype system can be used for iterative revision of the generated sentences, under the control of the grammar. This suggests an approach to knowledge-based post-editing. The thesis concludes with a brief comparison of the strong and weak points of SFG and HPSG, and considers the bene ts if their strong points could be combined. 1 Declaration No portion of the work referred to in the thesis has been submitted in support of an application for another degree or quali cation of this or any other university or other institution of learning. Acknowledgements This work was done as a visiting researcher of Sharp Corporation at UMIST. I wish to thank Mr Mikio Ohsaki and Mr Shigeki Kuga of Sharp Corporation, and Prof Juan Sager and Prof Jun-ichi Tsujii of UMIST, for giving me this opportunity. Many thanks to my supervisor, Bill Black, and to John Bateman, Brian Chandler, Robin Fawcett, Kristiina Jokinen, Takashi Kamiko, Osamu Nishida, John Phillips, Erich Steiner, Pete Whitelock, Kenji Yoshimura and others for their help and valuable discussions. To Pat Olver, and to Jiri and Susan Jelinek, I owe more than thanks.


The experiment (N= 312) tested the effects of two types of pretrial publicity (PTP) on the guilt verdicts of simulated jurors. Heinous PTP was manipulated by varying the degree to which the lurid details of a rape-murder were presented to prospective jurors. Prejudgement PTP varied in the extent to which it implied that the defendant was the perpetrator or the rape-murder. As predicted, PTP which was high in either heinousness or prejudgment increased the females' tendency to conclude-after the trial evidence-that the defendant was guilty of the crime. The biasing effect of prejudgment PTP, however, was significant only among females categorized as being of low IQ. In contrast, neither dimension of PTF' significantly influenced the guilt verdicts of male jurors. Several possible explanations of the sex's differential vulnerability to PTP were proposed. In addition, evidence was obtained that female jurors may have been derogating the rape-murder victim and defensively minimizing the gravity of her fate, as a result of motivations to believe in a just world.


Analysis external characteristic of hydraulic torque converter by modeling and numerical simulation on a type of YJ series. Using a leafy row whole runner geometric model and sliding grid method of multiple flow area coupling algorithm to realize real-time transmission of flow parameters between impellers .Getting values of moment of force from pump & turbine in each iteration step through UDF used in model ,then input that to text file. Judging whether the result tends to be stable or not by analysis and calculation changes of the text data. Result shows that the leafy row whole runner geometric model has high accuracy and reliability from comparing data under different conditions with measured moment data.


The author analyzes the cause of the cast-in-place floor crack from three aspects of the building materials,the design and the construction,summarizes the problems at present,and puts forward the preventive measures to reduce the crack,and to solve the cast-in-place floor crack and effectively control the crack and improve the buildings quality.


Abstract There is an increasing demand for high-performance computing on geophysical exploration applications, which implies more carbon emissions due to higher energy consumption. Furthermore, there is increasing concern about the environmental and social impact that this can generate. We show how cloud computing can handle these challenges simultaneously and thereby assist business leaders in their decision-making. Cloud computing is a paradigm in which users rent computing capacity from providers on a pay-as-you-go basis, thereby reducing the carbon footprint by up to 88%. It can run software for years uninterrupted using the same capital required to acquire and run on-premises infrastructure, even if such infrastructure has over a thousand graphics processing units. However, the managers must consider that challenges arise from using the cloud, such as trusting their data in a third-party server and expenses throughout the years, especially with storage.


This paper presents some theoretical aspects to offer analytical elements that could favor the ethical debates in Medical sciences. Practical problems are more pressing in medical fields but we ought to have a fairly clear Insight about some theoretical aspects that are somehow essential. The paper presents tour aspects: 1) Important of a conceptual clearness or semantic access. 2) Some notes around Value as the center as the ethical matter. 3) Some thoughts about the subject as ethical carrier in which center the topics of Liberty or Human Happiness are debated. 4) Some notice about of rationally.


The product testing process in the electronics industry is an essential part that verifies the product's quality before it is delivered to the customer. However, the workforce often has limited knowledge and skills for working in the product testing process, resulting in high breakdown time. Therefore, this article presents the development of augmented reality (AR) technology combined with on-the-job training to enhance the workforce's skills for the product testing process. AR was designed to simulate a step-by-step product testing environment, supplementing the real world. It offers a comparison between the correct and incorrect testing processes and allows for product zooming and rotation to provide clear details of the operation. Additionally, a sound button was added to explain each step-in detail. During daily product testing, the workforce can use AR through their phones to scan the target paper provided by the trainer. The virtual environment would then be demonstrated, and the workforce can adjust the testing process steps according to their abilities. After implementing the AR application, the workforce answered a survey indicating that the AR technology was easy to use and helped them better understand the testing process. Comparing traditional training and AR, the error rate was reduced by 0.6% using AR. The results also showed a decrease in errors from product testing and helped reduce the breakdown time caused by the faulty product testing process.


. In this paper, we create new types of upper and lower bounds of Heinz means using simpli fi ed relations based on hyperbolic functions. In particular, for any strictly positive operators A , B ∈ B ( H ) ,we obtain the inequality , where 0 < A < B and 0 < μ < τ < 1 .


The Salmonella-Shigella Test on the egg has been conducted in different time. Samples was collected from the poutry by descriptive method. Microbe was identified at Komplek Lik Ulu Gadut Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Industri Balai Riset dan Standardisasi (Baristand) Industri Padang. Result showed there is no effect from periode and temperature keeping to Salmonella-Shigella.


The article discuss some certain aspects of foreign direct investments' influence on Poland's balance of payments in the years 2004-2012 proving that it serves as passivizing factor for the capital account.


The first successful imaging by laser absorption computed tomography of actual in vitro biological objects with two-dimensional resolution has been achieved by means of Coherent Detection Imaging (CDT) method for noninvasive and noncontact biomedical measurements. This novel method is based on the optical heterodyne detection technique and the image reconstruction using the projection slice theorem from sets of line integrals of laser absorption along a large number of rays crossing the object with the parallel beam geometry.


Plastics compounders and processors can enhance current process monitoring and quality control methods using the new, on-line Process Control Rheometer (PCR) from Rheometrics, Inc. The PCR, an automatic test system that monitors the rheological properties of melted polymer during extrusion, is the company's newest version of the Melt Flow Monitor (MFM). The PCR helps control plastics production processes. The PCR can be mounted on pelletizing or compounding extruders to obtain automatic measurements of melt flow rate for product certification ; steady shear viscosity and melt index (MI high and MI low) for indications of molecular weight and molecular weight distribution; and stress and strain sweeps for generating complete flow curves. Major enhancements to the system include a faster response time, the ability to study material compositions automatically, and the ability to monitor multiple extrusion lines using one interface. The PCR tests melted polymer resins by diverting a small portion of the melt from an extruder and pumping the material through a narrow capillary slit-die, or measurement zone. Within minutes, data on the melt's rheological properties are sent to the control room, while the sampled material is returned to the process stream without manual intervention.


Trench lateral power MOSFETs (TLPMs) are suitable for one chip power ICs due to its low specific on- resistance and ease of fabrication with CDMOS devices. In our smart power IC process we integrated both the high side n- channel and bidirectional TLPMs in one chip. In addition, better device characteristics of both devices were obtained with the process integration technology. The high side MOSFET shows 20 mOmegamm2 specific on-resistance with 25 V breakdown voltage and excellent reliability. The bidirectional MOSFET shows 7.0 mOmegamm2 specific on-resistance, which represents 67% of the current mass production value, with a breakdown voltage of 25 V.


The invention provides a natural mind-tranquilizing brain-strengthening tea and a processing method thereof, belonging to the technical field of processing of health drink. The invention adopts codonopsis pilosula, raidx astragali, fiveleaf gynostemma herb, liquoric root, radix polygoni multiflori preparata, Chinese angelica, barbary wolfberry fruit, hawthorn, dogwood, chrysanthemum, Chinese date, dried longan pulp, sharpleaf galangal fruit, spina date seed, thinleaf milkwort root-bark, lucid ganoderma, rehmanniae vaporata and ginkgo biloba tea as ingredients; and the ingredients are respectively cut into slices, mixed, stirred evenly, crushed, stirred evenly, granulated, dried, bagged, packaged and sterilized to be prepared to be the natural mind-tranquilizing brain-strengthening tea or to be directly prepared to be drink. The product has the characteristics of being clear, refreshing, having delicate aroma and mellow taste, taking care of viscera, tonifying qi and producing blood, strengthening immune, tranquilizing the mind and strengthening the brain, and is suitable for being drunk by teenagers and brainworkers regularly.


The zinc-finger transcription factor Ikaros (Ik) plays an important role in the control of differentiation and proliferation of all lymphoid lineages. By means of alternative splicing, different isoforms are encoded. Forced expression of short isoforms alters the differentiation capacities of haematopoietic progenitors arresting lineage commitment. We analyzed the differential expression pattern of Ik isoforms in Ph+ ALL patients (pts) in order to determine if molecular abnormalities involving the Ik gene could associate with resistance to imatinib and dasatinib. Bone marrow and peripheral blood samples from 47 adult pts (median age 55 yrs, 18–76) with Ph+ ALL at diagnosis and during treatment with imatinib (16 pts) or dasatinib (31 pts) were collected. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) using specific primers for exon 1 and exon 7 of Ik, cloning and nucleotide sequencing were performed to identify the specific Ik isoforms. Amplification and genomic sequencing of the exon-intron splice junctions were performed in search of mutations. BCR-ABL transcript levels were monitored in each sample by real-time quantitative PCR. In 43/47 (90%) pts the Ik6 isoform lacking all N-terminal zinc-fingers responsible for DNA-binding was detected and in 23 of them (54%) it was the predominant isoform. In one patient we found a new Ik isoform in which exon 1 was directly juxtaposed to exon7, maintaining the frame. The expression of only the functional DNA-binding isoforms Ik1, Ik2 was detected in 4 (9%) pts. Western blot analysis showed that the Ik6 transcript is encoded in a smaller immunoreactive protein of approximately 37 to 40 kda which has a predominant cytoplasmatic localization as revealed by immunofluorescence and confocal laser scanning microscopy analyses. The molecular monitoring of minimal residual disease showed for the first time in vivo that the Ik6 expression strongly correlated with the BCR-ABL transcript levels suggesting that this alteration could depend on the Bcr-Abl activity. Patient-derived leukaemia cells expressed dominant-negative Ik6 at diagnosis and at the time of relapse, but never during remission. Amplification and genomic sequence analysis of the exon splice junction regions showed the presence of 2 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs): rs10251980 [A/G] in the exon1/2 splice junction and of rs10262731 [A/G] in the exon 6/7 splice junction in 50% and 36% of pts, respectively. A variant of the rs11329346 [-/C], in which a A was substituted by a G in 16% of pts was also found. Other two different single nucleotide substitutions not recognized as SNP were observed in our samples. Some mutations were predicted by computational analyses (RESCUE approach) to alter cis-splicing elements. The overexpression of Ik6 blocking B-cell differentiation could contribute to resistance opening a time frame, during which leukaemia cells acquire secondary transforming events that confer definitive resistance to imatinib and dasatinib.


AbstractMeasurements of the variation of interlamellar spacing with composition show that the parameter λ2ν is independent of composition in the Ph-Cd system. The results are used to show that the extremum condition of the Hunt and Jackson eutectic growth theory can be used to describe eutectic solidification in this system.


In this paper, magnetic properties of Mn-doped nanometer sized PbSe were investigated. Magnetisation of different Mn-doped PbSe nanocrystals as function of measuring temperature was studied by EPR spectroscopy. Mn/sup 2+/ acting as a paramagnetic center (S=5/2) should be an ideal dopant in semiconductor system.


We present the preliminary design of the WEAVE next generation spectroscopy facility for the William Herschel Telescope (WHT), principally targeting optical ground-based follow up of upcoming ground-based (LOFAR) and spacebased (Gaia) surveys. WEAVE is a multi-object and multi-IFU facility utilizing a new 2 degree prime focus field of view at the WHT, with a buffered pick and place positioner system hosting 1000 multi-object (MOS) fibres or up to 30 integral field units for each observation. The fibres are fed to a single spectrograph, with a pair of 8k(spectral) x 6k (spatial) pixel cameras, located within the WHT GHRIL enclosure on the telescope Nasmyth platform, supporting observations at R~5000 over the full 370-1000nm wavelength range in a single exposure, or a high resolution mode with limited coverage in each arm at R~20000.


At present, whole world ecological environment worsens, our country ecological environment also faces the stern situation. How strengthens the university student ecological environment protection education, strengthens the university student's the sense of responsibility and the sense of mission to protect the environment, already was an extremely prominent question. It is advantageous to further raises all the people environmental protection consciousness, guides the entire society all to pay attention to the environmental protection that strengthens the university student ecological environment protection education.


Objective: Investigation of the underlying mechanisms involved in disease pathogenesis can open new insights into therapeutic strategies for patients with acute myeloblastic leukemia. A genetic mutation in TP53 (Tumor Protein 53) gene is detected in most malignancies and considered a key element in the determination of treatment planning due to its prognostic value; however, there are insufficient data for the evaluation of the amount of p53 expression as the product of the TP53 gene especially in hematologic malignancies such as acute myeloid leukemia (AML). The aim of this study was to evaluate p53 expression deregulation, according to different subtypes of acute myeloid leukemia. Patients and Methods: Eighty-two new cases of AML and twelve healthy, normal control volunteers entered into this study with informed consent. The levels of p53 expression were examined using relative quantitative Real-time PCR (polymerase chain reaction). Statistical analyses were performed by t-test, one-way ANOVA and Tukey test using SPSS software. Results: M3 and non M3 groups had a significant decrease in p53 expression in comparison with normal controls (30 and 20 of normal levels, respectively). Also, M3 patients showed apparently higher levels of p53 expression compared with other subtypes of AML. Conclusions: According to the results of the present study, there is an overall reduction in the level of p53 expression in patients with AML, meanwhile p53 showed differential expression in AML subtypes and M3 subtype showed higher expression in comparison with other AML subtypes. It suggests that p53 expression has a possible relation with granulocyte maturation and prognosis. Further investigations are needed to clarify the exact role of p53 expression fluctuations in AML patients as basic molecular events in malignant cells.


Carrot seed essential oil, its fractions, isolated and derivatised compounds were screened for their nematicidal activity against plant parasite root knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita. GC-MS analysis showed the presence of 51 compounds in carrot seed essential oil. Sesquiterpenes are the main constituents of carrot seed essential oil out of which carotol, daucol and daucene were the major compounds whereas β-Cubenene and βFarnesene were the minor compounds present. Carotol, daucol, daucene, polar and nonpolar fractions of carrot seed oil were isolated by column chromatography. Daucol and carotol were chemically derivatized. The isolated and derivatized compounds were characterized using FTIR, H NMR and C NMR spectroscopy. All these components viz. carrot seed essential oil, its fractions, daucene, carotol, daucol, daucone, daucol acetate, 4-Chloro carotol and 3-Bromo carotol were evaluated for egg hatch inhibition and mortality of second stage juveniles (J2) of Meloidogyne incognita at different concentrations. The nematicidal activity of carrot seed essential oil, carotol and polar fraction were found to be more effective than other components tested. Nematicidal activity was found to be concentration and time dependent.


We study the variance of the random variable that counts the number of lattice points in some shells generated by a special class of finite type domains in $\mathbb R^d$. The proof relies on estimates of the Fourier transform of indicator functions of convex domains.


The aim of this study was to investigate the neurotoxicity of formaldehyde on hippocampus and the protective effects of caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) against these toxic effects. For this purpose, 21 male Wistar rats were divided into three groups. The rats in Group I comprised the controls, while the rats in Group II were injected every day with formaldehyde (FA). The rats in Group III received CAPE daily while exposed to formaldehyde. At the end of 8 days experimental period, all rats were sacrificed by decapitation. The brains of the rats were removed and the hippocampus tissues were obtained from all brain specimens. Some of the hippocampus tissue specimens were used for determination of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. The remaining hippocampus tissue specimens were used for light microscopic and immunohistochemical evaluation. The levels of SOD, GSH-Px and MDA were significantly increased in rats treated with formaldehyde compared with those of the controls. Furthermore, in the microscopic examination of this group, formation of apoptotic bodies, pycnotic cells, and vacuoler degeneration areas were observed. However, decreased biochemical parameters were detected in the rats administered CAPE while exposed to formaldehyde. Additionally, cellular damage caused by formaldehyde was decreased, and structural appearance was similar to that of the control rats in this group. These biochemical and histological findings observed in all groups were also confirmed by the immunohistochemical evaluation. It was determined that formaldehyde-induced neuronal damage in hippocampus was prevented by administration of CAPE. Neuroanatomy; 2007; 6: 66–71.


This paper puts forward the hypothesis that teachers' professional ability has a significant positive effect on college students' football learning satisfaction, and constructs the model of its influence on college students' learning satisfaction. At the same time, the fitted and verified model proves that the research hypothesis has become valid. The results show that students are more likely to identify teachers' professional ability from teaching skills, attitude and theoretical explanation; the higher the students' satisfaction with football learning, the more likely they are to recommend this course to their fellows for the choices of public sports courses. The purpose of this study is to suggest that teachers should constantly improve their professional level, the quality of football teaching, enhance students' learning effect and interest, and then increase college students' football learning satisfaction.


Two hundred sixty-three twins and 94 singletons from families of twins were administered the 1960 version of the Templin-Darley Screening Test of Articulation for three to eight year olds. Mean sco...


The richness of Chinese numeral "three" and the creativeness of Chinese numeral "two" are elucidated and discussed from the points of view of the methodology of materialogy.


In the last years interest has increased continuously planning all watercourses, including small, located in remote areas, where there are small communities or tourist objectives, including forest fund for small economic units. The main objective of this paper is a comparative study of methods used to estimate the multiannual average flow required to assess linear hydropower potential of small water courses, from isolated mountain forest areas. The methods used for estimation were: hydrographic basins characteristics, surface S and perimeter P and surface S and length of that river system L; rainfall recorded at two neighboring meteorological stations; flow measurements by two methods: with the ratchet hydrometric and with surface floats. The small differences in estimated versus actual flows are obtained by the method of watershed characteristics (+17,5%) followed by measurements with surface floats method (+ 46,0%).


Abstract A method is proposed for measuring the effective fracture surface energy (EFSE), and its variation with temperature, of materials which fail by wedge cracking. The results show reasonable agreement with EFSE values derived from creep data, and give temperature variations of the EFSE which are very similar to those obtained by other methods for other materials. The temperature variation of EFSE is further discussed in relation to the growth of cracks in high-temperature creep.


This paper introduced the domestic and abroad research development, as well as the application of laparoscopic free pneumoperitoneum devices. The advantages and disadvantages of present devices were discussed in terms of structure, principle, economy, and exposure of surgical view, etc. It points out the reason why the gasless technical development ceased at the stage is the low level of the research development of gasless device. There are some technology problems to be completely resolved, surgery technology space is small and the surgical view is poor in gasless surgery. It puts forward the research improvement orientation of gasless device by combination of surgical science, mechanics and materials science, and modern technologies, such as virtual reality and virtual experiment can improve the research level.


Abstract A gold-coated magnetic nanoparticle (MNPs@Au) based label-free electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) sensor is reported for determining vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in cell culture media. VEGF antibodies (Ab) were modified on MNPs@Au to construct an Ab-bound magnetic complex (MNPs@Au-Ab) that was magnetically immobilized on a magnetic glassy carbon electrode (mGCE). The VEGF is captured on the MNPs@Au-Ab/mGCE, leading to increased electron-transfer resistance (R et) utilized for the determination of VEGF. Combining the highly efficient immobilization of antibodies on magnetic nanocomposites with the high sensitivity of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, an excellent dynamic range for the VEGF concentration from 1.0 × 10−2 to 1.0 × 104 ng mL−1 was obtained with a detection limit of 2.43 pg mL−1. Quantitative determination and the investigation of the secretion of VEGF by various cells were also conducted. VEGF released by cancer cells (MDA-MB-231 cells and HCT116 cells) was significantly higher than for normal cells (L02 cells), which matched well with an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). These results show that the secretion of VEGF is associated with the metastatic level of cells. The reported sensor is expected to be applied in studies of cancer and tumor metastasis.


PURPOSE
Cone-beam CT (CBCT) is widely used for daily anatomy monitoring and can be a potential source to support adaptation. However, low image quality and artifacts limit CBCT's clinical utility. Peristalsis and air bubbles can cause severe artifacts in pelvic CBCT. We have observed that severe air bubble-induced Feldkamp artifacts in the rectum may contribute to low automatic segmentation accuracy.

MATERIALS AND METHODS
In this study, air bubbles within the rectum were extracted and automatic rectum segmentation performance was measured in Dice similarity coefficient (DSC). A Gaussian mixture model (GMM) was used to characterize their correlation, and an expectation-maximization (EM) approach was used to solve the corresponding parameter estimation and decouple the impact from air bubbles vs. other image attributes based on cluster memberships. Post-prostatectomy patient data with high variability in air bubble size and shape were used in this study to reveal the regression relationship.

RESULTS
GMM identified two distinct correlative relations between the air-bubble severity in the rectum and the rectum prediction DSC: one showed strong negative dependency of segmentation performance on air bubble presence, and the other one had mild-to-moderate dependency which suggested another group of contributing factors influencing rectum segmentation, such as the inconsistent presence of fiducial seeds and shape extremes.

CONCLUSION
The presence of severe air bubbles contributes semi-linearly to performance degradation in automatic rectum segmentation. A good correction mechanism may boost the accuracy and consistency of pelvic segmentation. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.


The article deals with language representation of the Soviet Union and Western countries intercultural relations in fine arts, reflected in modern Anglophone art discourse. The investigation focuses on the peculiarities used to convey in art critical discourse socio-political concepts, representing cognitive contexts, specific patterns of socio-cultural knowledge, as well as linguistic representation of "Self vs Other" opposition, embedded in cultural interaction in art. A comprehensive lexical, semantic, contextual, linguistic, and cognitive analysis of international art criticism made it possible to reveal that the Cold War and cultural integration are the two overarching cognitive contexts that shape the comprehension and evaluative interpretation of intercultural relations between the Soviet Union and Western countries of the 1950s-1960s. These cognitive contexts underlie the choice of language means used by an art expert to characterize intercultural relations in fine arts. The analysis demonstrates that in Anglophone art criticism these contexts provide an eventive framework. The binary "Self vs Other" opposition can be conveyed in an art history text at different levels, showing its dynamics and in some cases involving a stepwise "Other" to "Self" transformation.


Rates of CO2 emission from bare salt-marsh sediments in areas of short and tall formSpartina alterniflora were measured monthly for 1 yr. Maximum emission rates, as high as 325 ml CO2m−2h−1, were observed during summer months, while minimum rates, 10.2 ml CO2 m−2h−1, were observed during the winter. An exponential function of inverse soil temperature explained most of the seasonal variability, but other factors are involved in regulating CO2 emissions as demonstrated by rates that were higher in spring than in late summer at equivalent temperatures. Annual CO2 emissions from bare sediments were 27.3 and 18.6 mol C m−2 yr−1 in communities of short and tallS. alterniflora, respectively. It was estimated that losses of dissolved inorganic carbon from the turnover of pore water, up to 14.6 mol C m−2 yr−1 at the creek bank (tall,S. alterniflora) site, and diffusion of CO2 from the root system ofS. alterniflora through the culms, 12.3 to 16.2 mol C m−2 yr−1, could also be important pathways of carbon loss from marsh sediments. If the internal flux of CO2 from the root system through the culm is refixed within the leaves, then the observed rate of 9.8 μI CO2 min−1 cm−2 of culm cross sectional area appears to make a small but significant contribution to total photosynthesis.


Fever of unknown origin (FUO) in adults is defined as a temperature higher than ≥38.3°C (101°F) that lasts for more than three weeks with no obvious source, despite appropriate investigation.1 Herein, we present a case with a long febrile period in whom positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) had a high maximum standardized uptake (SUVmax) nodule and diagnosed as a pulmonary arterial aneurysm (PAA) due to Behçet's syndrome (BS) after a detailed medical history/physical examination.


We demonstrate a new method of applying the feed model for the method of moments (MoM) formulation for the electric field integral equation (EFIE). The model is based around a previously reported magnetic ribbon current model which is accurate and allows for a finite width of the feed port. However, with proper approximations, one can reduce the formulation such that the magnetic field operator can be removed in order to simplify computations arising from the curl of the dyadic Green's function and its singularities. We show here that the new feed model can also be used to model a lumped element.


The Fall of 1983 marked the commercial beginning of a new electronic medium in the United States. The setting for the consumer launch of this futuristic technology was the all-American hometown of the nation's first professional baseball team and the Blue-chip corporate headquarters of one of the world's largest advertisers. The baseball team is the Reds. The company is Procter & Gamble. The city is Cincinnati. The Medium is Broadcast Teletext. It took a major commitment, not to mention a lot of pioneering spirit, by a leading American television manufacturer and a leading broadcaster to make it happen. Zenith Radio Corporation and Taft Broadcasting formed a joint venture that made Cincinnati the first retail test market for home teletext decoders. By joining forces, these companies solved the chicken-or-egg dilemma of whether the transmission of the teletext service or the marketing of the teletext decoder should come first. The two parties agreed to do both simultaneously and further agreed to continue the venture for at least five years. Which technical standard to use was never a question. Earlier independent research by both companies had concluded that British-pioneered "World System Teletext" (WST) would be the only practical standard because it was the only teletext standard with a proven performance record of high quality service in the (British) consumer marketplace and the only standard offering immediate availability of affordable transmission and receiving equipment. Both venture partners agreed that the cost to the broadcaster, the manufacturer and the consumer had to be kept as low as possible to gain acceptance of teletext at the retail level. All of those considerations made World System Teletext the only feasible standard. The set-top teletext decoder went on sale at about 20 retail stores in the Cincinnati area in late September 1983. By November, Cincinnatians could buy the decoders in 26 area retail outlets. The list price was about $300. In the stores consumers could see a live demonstration of "Electra", the electronic newspaper being broadcast seven days a week over the company's ABC-TV affiliate in Cincinnati, WKRC-TV. They liked what they saw. Just a few weeks after hitting the store shelves, the first consumer teletext decoders sold in the United States were receiving "Electra" and displaying it on TV's in Cincinnati homes. Viewer reaction was overwhelmingly positive. The Cincinnati Post television critic, who rented a decoder for review purposes that September, was struck by the value of teletext immediately. "The first news I heard about Korean Airlines Flight 007," he wrote, "didn't come from newspapers, radio or a TV newscast. It arrived in my home via teletext ...this was at 9:45 on a Wednesday night. At this point, most Americans weren't even aware that a crisis was brewing. The next TV newscast was still (more than an hour) away and the next newspaper edition was many hours away. It was an example of teletext at its most valuable." Once they had a decoder in their hqme people began to rely on this new news medium for the instant availability of virtually whatever current information they wanted. The viewer ' s total control over the accessibility of the information seemed to be one of the most compelling attractions of teletext. Taft formats "Electra" like a daily newspaper so that it presents a familiar environment to people. As the first electronic newspaper in the nation available to the general public, "Electra" established itself quickly as a general interest service with a little something for everyone. Its one hundred pages offer news, sports, weather, business and stock market information as well as listings of TV shows, movies, top record hits, best-selling books, various community events and educational quizzes and puzzles for younger viewers. "Electra" updates major world and national stories by using the wires of United Press International. The emphasis in its pages, however, is decidedly local. The service depends heavily on the local reporting staff of WKRC-TV for Cincinnati area news. Taft made the decision to emphasize local information after spending the previous year testing their service in a series of trial homes. Those first teletext test families expressed a definite preference for more local information. Other findings that emerged from the trial homes revealed the heaviest usage of "Electra" between 5 p.m. and


Objectives To assess the value of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) in treating paediatric urolithiasis, and to determine factors that may affect the results.


[Paramysis Czerniavsky, 1882, the most diverse genus of mysid crustaceans (Mysida, Mysidae) in the Caspian Sea and Black Sea region, includes a number of species with unstable and confusing nomenclature. Three species and one subspecies are redescribed here based on characters from recent taxonomic and phylogenetic studies as well as on new diagnostic features. Neotypes are designated for P. (Mesomysis) intermedia (Czerniavsky, 1882) and for P. (Paramysis) kessleri sarsi (Derzhavin, 1925), and a lectotype and paralectotypes for P. (P.) eurylepis (G. O. Sars, 1907) and P. (P.) kessleri kessleri (Grimm in MS) G. O. Sars, 1895. Paramysis armata Czerniavsky, 1882, is excluded from the synonymy of P. kessleri and declared nomen dubium. The diagnosis of the subgenus Mesomysis Czerniavsky, 1882, is updated with the addition of new characters. Paramysis Czerniavsky, 1882, le genre le plus diversifie de crustaces Mysidaces (Mysida, Mysidae) en Mer Caspienne et dans la region de la Mer Noire, inclut un certain nombre d'especes ayant une nomenclature instable et peu claire. Trois especes et une sous-espece sont redecrites ici a partir d'etudes recentes, taxonomiques et phylogenetiques ainsi que de nouveaux traits diagnostiques. Des neotypes ont ete designes pour P. (Mesomysis) intermedia (Czerniavsky, 1882) et pour P. (Paramysis) kessleri sarsi (Derzhavin, 1925), et un lectotype ainsi que des paralectotypes pour P. (P.) eurylepis (G. O. Sars, 1907) et P. (P.) kessleri kessleri (Grimm in MS) G. O. Sars, 1895. Paramysis armata Czerniavsky, 1882, est exclue de la synonymie de P. kessleri et declaree nomen dubium. La diagnose du sous-genre Mesomysis Czerniavsky, 1882, est actualisee avec l'addition de nouveaux caracteres., Paramysis Czerniavsky, 1882, the most diverse genus of mysid crustaceans (Mysida, Mysidae) in the Caspian Sea and Black Sea region, includes a number of species with unstable and confusing nomenclature. Three species and one subspecies are redescribed here based on characters from recent taxonomic and phylogenetic studies as well as on new diagnostic features. Neotypes are designated for P. (Mesomysis) intermedia (Czerniavsky, 1882) and for P. (Paramysis) kessleri sarsi (Derzhavin, 1925), and a lectotype and paralectotypes for P. (P.) eurylepis (G. O. Sars, 1907) and P. (P.) kessleri kessleri (Grimm in MS) G. O. Sars, 1895. Paramysis armata Czerniavsky, 1882, is excluded from the synonymy of P. kessleri and declared nomen dubium. The diagnosis of the subgenus Mesomysis Czerniavsky, 1882, is updated with the addition of new characters. Paramysis Czerniavsky, 1882, le genre le plus diversifie de crustaces Mysidaces (Mysida, Mysidae) en Mer Caspienne et dans la region de la Mer Noire, inclut un certain nombre d'especes ayant une nomenclature instable et peu claire. Trois especes et une sous-espece sont redecrites ici a partir d'etudes recentes, taxonomiques et phylogenetiques ainsi que de nouveaux traits diagnostiques. Des neotypes ont ete designes pour P. (Mesomysis) intermedia (Czerniavsky, 1882) et pour P. (Paramysis) kessleri sarsi (Derzhavin, 1925), et un lectotype ainsi que des paralectotypes pour P. (P.) eurylepis (G. O. Sars, 1907) et P. (P.) kessleri kessleri (Grimm in MS) G. O. Sars, 1895. Paramysis armata Czerniavsky, 1882, est exclue de la synonymie de P. kessleri et declaree nomen dubium. La diagnose du sous-genre Mesomysis Czerniavsky, 1882, est actualisee avec l'addition de nouveaux caracteres.]


The mounting of the measuring means is carried out on a semi-trailer vehicle having a fifth wheel coupling mounted on the semi-trailer towing vehicle. An intermediate plate (6) is arranged between a fifth wheel coupling (3) of a semi-trailer towing vehicle (1) and a semi-trailer truck (5), this plate being connected to the trailer (5), and to measure the forces of acceleration, traction or braking as well as the weight of the trailer, measuring means (8, 9) are arranged on the intermediate plate (6). Application to the separate measurement of the horizontal forces and vertical forces between a semi-trailer and a trailer semi-trailer towing vehicle.


A set a 1 …, a k of different residues mod v is called a difference set (v, k, λ) (v > k > λ) if the congruence a i — aj ≡ d (mod v) has exactly λ solutions for d ≢ 0 (mod v). Singer [4] has demonstrated the existence of a difference set (v, k, 1) if k — 1 is a prime power, and difference sets for λ > 1 have been constructed by various authors; but necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of a (v, k, λ) are not known. It has not been possible so far to find a difference set with λ = 1 if k — 1 is not a prime power and it has therefore been conjectured that no such difference set exists.


ObjectiveTo investigate the value of VEN_BOLD in diagnosing arteriovenous malformation.MethodsTo analyze the imaging of MR-VEN-BOLD of 11 cases AVM, including 44 cases of benign bowel obstruction, 45 cases of malignant bowel obstruction. To evaluate the judging value of conventional MRI MRA and VEN_BOLD to evaluate the arterial blood supply and venous drainage of AVM.ResultsThe VEN-BOLD could be clearly showed 2 cases of little AVM, but the conventional MRI and MRA not seen clearly. There was no significant difference between the etiology diagnostic accuracy rate of VEN-BOLD and conventional MRI MRA.Conclusion VEN-BOLD help for AVM, especially little AVM, simple effective noninvasive detection and evaluation.


The damage mechanism of high density reactive materials(HDRM)is introduced.The research status of HDRM is mainly discussed from two aspects of fabrication process and performance feature,and the potential damage effect of HDRM is also analyzed.The development trend and application prospect of HDRM are predicted.


This study aimed to examine the dynamic of the relationship between stock prices and economic growth in Indonesia over the period from the first quarter 2004 to the fourth quarter 2013. The study analyzed two types of quarterly data, i.e., data about stock prices that referred to stock price index issued by Indonesian Stock Exchange and data of economic growth that referred to the percentage of changes in gross domestic product (GDP). To analyze the dynamic of the relationship, the general univariate causal model of LVAR was employed. Findings revealed that there was a significant dynamic of relationship between the two variables under investigation. The relationship was positive, meaning that when stock prices went up (went down), then the economic growth of Indonesia went up (went down) as well. Each 1% increase (decrease) in the stock prices was always followed by 0.09% increase (decrease) in Indonesian economic growth.


In the paper, an adaptive learning approach of integrating evolution fuzzy-neural networks and Q-learning is developed so that a mobile robot can adapt itself to a real and complex environment. Specifically, based on Q-value and an evolution method that adjusts their parameter values of the fuzzy-neural networks, the mobile robot evolves better strategies to adapt to the environment. However, in most studies of evolution learning, the learning of mobile robots often requires a simulator and an enormous amount of evolution time so as to perform a task. Therefore, we are to integrate Q-learning into the evolution fuzzy-neural networks to avoid the requirement of the simulator. Experiment results of a mobile robot illustrate the performance of the proposed approach.


To describe the ultrasound features of different endometrial and other intracavitary pathologies inpre‐ and postmenopausal women presenting with abnormal uterine bleeding, using the International Endometrial Tumor Analysis (IETA) terminology.


This paper proposes a new concept for subsea production systems based on the use of seabed storage tank in oil fields and studies the production availability for new subsea production systems with a seabed storage tank. The proposed concept is expected to optimize production from oil fields in the deep sea, helping to improve the production and transportation of hydrocarbon resources from deep sea fields. The proposed concept may dramatically reduce the floater size by removing the floater from the crude storage function and may widen the operational envelope of the production and transfer of the well fluid to shuttle tankers. The analysis of production availability is an important indicator of the production performance of the oil and gas industries. The production availability is analyzed using the commercial code MAROS, which is based on Monte-Carlo simulation methods. The failure rates and active repair times of the equipment for the proposed new subsea systems are collected from generic reliability data sources.


by Yushu Zhou, M.A. Washington State University August 2009 Chair: Douglas Blanks Hindman This study develops a social normative and cognitive mediation model of political participation to simultaneously examine the roles of political news media, online citizen media, online political interaction, and offline political discussions in shaping political participation. One Web survey was conducted in one large northwestern university community with a probability-based sample including undergraduate, graduate students, and university employees (N=1,292). Structural equation models reveal that political interest is the strongest predictor of political participation, but its effect is completely mediated by communication activities and social normative and cognitive processes. News media have no significant effect on political participation. The positive influence of online citizen media on political participation is completely mediated by political interpersonal communication and social normative and cognitive processes. Both online political interaction and offline political discussion exert strong direct and indirect influences on political participation. As social psychological mediating factors,


Photosensitive films were prepared by the flash evaporation of CdSe. Two types of samples have been examined : one was of Cu-activated CdSe, the other was of Cu-activated CdSe-CdCl2 mixtures.The following properties of evaporated CdSe films were investigated : dependence of photoconductivity upon film composition and its densities, X-ray diffraction, photosensitive characteristics.The results of these mesurements indicated that photosensitivity increases with Cu and CdCl2 density, CdSe film was polycrystalline substance (being hexagonal), the relation of light intensity to photocurrent was super-linear, and that the time constant was smaller in comparision with sintered CdSe layer.


Using domestic tourism data (1999–2014) and inbound tourism data (1999–2016), this research applies linear and nonlinear models to investigate the impact of World Heritage Sites (WHS) on inbound and domestic tourism expansion (TE) in terms of tourist arrivals and tourism receipts and then tests whether or not the impact of WHS on TE is instant. The results show a notable influence of WHS on tourist arrivals and tourism receipts and identify several differences between the impacts of WHS on inbound and on domestic TE. Moreover, the relationship between WHS and TE exhibits an inverted U-shaped curve. The optimal number of WHS for TE is four, and there is a significant instantaneous effect of WHS on domestic TE. Differently, the impact of WHS on inbound tourism shows a 1-year lag. Lastly, we perform dynamic regressions as a robustness check and discussion and implications are provided.


The notion of guessing cost (also referred to as the cost of guessing) is introduced and an optimal strategy for the $\rho$-th moment of guessing cost is provided for a random variable taking values on a finite set whereby each choice is associated with a positive finite cost value. Moreover, we drive asymptotically tight upper and lower bounds on the moments of cost of guessing problem. Similar to previous studies on the standard guesswork, established bounds on the moments of guessing cost quantify the accumulated cost of guesses required for correctly identifying the unknown choice and are expressed in terms of the Renyi's entropy. Moreover, anew random variable is introduced to establish connections between the guessing cost and the standard guesswork. Based on this observation, further improved bounds are conjectured in the non-asymptotic region by borrowing ideas from recent works given for the standard guesswork. Finally, we establish the guessing cost exponent in terms of the Renyi's entropy rate on the moments of the optimal guessing cost by considering a sequence of independent random variables. Finally, these bounds are shown to be very useful for bounding the overall repair bandwidth for distributed data storage systems. Our particular application utilizes a sparse graph code (low-density parity-check codes) in conjunction with a back-up master which is pretty common in cellular networks.


We analyze a prominence model containing a flux rope which is completely detached from the photosphere. The maximum magnetic energy which can be stored in the configuration does not exceed the open-energy limit proposed by Aly and Sturrock. However, a loss of ideal-MHD equilibrium can occur and create a current sheet which is likely to undergo rapid reconnection.


Package level electromigration(EM) test of Al-Si-Cu/TiN film has been done in low and high range of resistance-increase. The electromigration result was analyzed in terms of grain-size and interface of layered metal film. The Al-Si-Cu/TiN film was found to have shorter lifetime than Al-Si-Cu monolayer film in low resistance-increase. On the other hand, in high resistance-increase, the Al-Si-Cu monolayer film shows shorter lifetime than the Al-Si-Cu/TiN film, which is attributed to a compound material in the boundary of Al alloy and TiN layer. Lifetimes of Al-Cu and Al-Si-Cu films at room temperature were deduced through the activation energy obtained from the temperature dependence of metal-failure-time.


It discloses a method and apparatus for evaluating the expression for example in convolutional decoders. By providing that the digital logic elements in accordance with the addition being performed when the bit sequence is calculated assuming a minimum number of ways, to improve the performance of the decoder. First determine the bit metrics, and combinations thereof, and provides them to the multiplexer. Or combinations of these bit metrics then controls the multiplexer output is selected to be the sum of the accumulated path metric bit metrics.


Background: Application of air quality models in Health Risk Assessment system has been defined as an effective tool in assess the human population exposure to environmental harmful factors. The present study was conducted to aim of health risk assessment of respiratory exposure to PM10 Emitted from Depos of primary materials and waste a number of Non-metallic minerals industries by


present work is done on the extraction of other elements by these solvents from media, which showed good extraction of antimony, and on the application of this extraction for radiochemical separation and activation analysis of antimony. Procedures for the separation of the two oxidation species of antimony, directly from sulphuric acid solutions will be valuable in studying the effect of the various factors (e.g. time, temperature, y-radiation) on the transformation of one oxidation state to the other in such solution. This may also be valuable for using antimony sulphate in radiation dosimetry.


This article has no abstract.

Keywords:

coupling with neopentyl iodides;
reaction with enol ethers;
displacement of chalcogenides;
conjugate addition-elimination;
thioamides;
SN2′ displacements;
C-aryl-Δ2-glycopyranosides;
ketones;
indolines;
allylsilanes;
trisubstituted alkenes;
2-trimethylsilylmethyl-2-propen-1-yl acetate;
cross couplings;
cross couplings;
cross couplings;
desulfonylation;
ketones;
cross couplings;
substitution;
kumada coupling


Chinese Central Commission of Chinese Communist Party and State Council's Decision about Strengthening Rural Health Work was issued in2002,which made sure the reform objective of township hospitals.But there are still a lot of obstacles to this day.I think the government should play dominant role in the reform of township hospitals and the reform should be carried out systematically and comprehensively from top to bottom.


PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To sharpen a medical image including high count areas having high pixel values and low count areas having low pixel values. SOLUTION: A medical image processing apparatus 1 for photographing a subject includes an unsharp mask processing section 13 that generates a sharpened image by carrying out unsharp mask processing on a medical image, a post-processing section 15 that generates a post-processed image by masking high count pixels having pixel values higher than a predetermined threshold in the sharpened image generated by the unsharp mask processing section 13, an output section 19 that outputs the post-processed image generated by the post-processing section 15. COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT


This chapter describes the trial of the 1990s in which Lenny Patrick played a crucial role. These were two of the most substantial trials ever aimed at the Chicago Outfit. The goal of these trials was ambitious: to take down what was left of the Outfit. Patrick was only an instrument to that end, but, as such, he could give perspective to the long and violent history of the Syndicate. In a way that perhaps no organized crime witness had done in any trial anywhere in the country, Patrick would tell his life story—a story that amounted to a history of the Jewish gangster stretching back to the late 1920s. Many of its details seemed impossible, evoking not just a vanished Lawndale but the forgotten conflicts over criminal operations that changing times had erased.


Monkeypox (MPXV) is a viral infectious disease, capable of transmitting from animals to humans. It is a zoonotic virus responsible for causing the disease, and belongs to the same family (orthopoxvirus) as the smallpox virus. The first case of human monkeypox infection was recorded in 1970 in a town called Basankusu, in the Democratic Republic of Congo. There have also been reports of the disease outbreak across West Africa. The first recorded monkeypox case outside Africa was in 2003 in the United States of America, which later developed to 70 cases without any mortality recorded. In Nigeria, the spread of monkeypox has been reported across the South-East and South-South regions of the country and disease has since been recorded in states such as Akwa Ibom, Abia, Bayelsa, Benue, Cross River, Delta, Edo, Ekiti, Enugu, Imo, Lagos, Nasarawa, Oyo, Plateau, Rivers and the Federal Capital Territory (FCT). The monkeypox virus has been identified as a double-stranded DNA virus belonging to the genus Orthopoxvirus, of the family, Poxviridae with accompanying symptoms such as fever, severe headache, chills, swelling of the lymph nodes (lymphadenopathy), back and muscle aches (myalgia), and exhaustions (asthenia) and eventually the appearance of rashes which develops through various stages before eventually falling off as the patients recovers and wounds heals. Animal-human Zoonotic transmission occurs through direct contact with the biological materials from infected host animal such as blood, mucosal lesions, bodily fluids, or cutaneous, through broken skin, mucous membranes, or respiratory airways of the nose, eyes, or the mouth, while human-to-human infection occurs through direct contact with the infectious rash, scabs, or body fluids, of an infected person. It also spreads through secretion from the respiratory tract through prolonged face to face or intimate contact with an infected person, contact with contaminated surfaces from infected host, or to a fetus via the placenta, or close contact with infected mother (congenital monkeypox). It can be diagnosed through Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) laboratory testing in combination with gene sequencing, and the infected patient treated using tecovirimat specific for smallpox virus, while studies are ongoing to develop its particular medication. This study is aimed at discussing the current issues on monkeypox virus with respect to the Nigerian society.


In the disconnecting switch of 300 kV or less single pole structure, the Great East Japan Earthquake received much damage at the former by the rotation insulator base metal which damage experience had. Conventionally, we carried out a simple desk evaluation about earthquake‐proof evaluation of insulator base metal. However, there is deviation with the damage actual condition and it became clear that it was an apparatus weak point part. Then, we worked on the analysis accuracy improvement of insulator base metal, and we built the analysis technology of the single pole structured disconnecting switch.


Recent research has some vital things to say about the important role that movement has in the child's natural ability to learn. Learning is much more effective if it uses the whole brain, including those parts which control our movements.


As to the offshore constructions in the deep area of South China Sea (SCS), spectrum analysis methods are necessary in the research of dynamic response and vibration control. For a given sea state including both swell and wind-sea components at SCS, it's necessary to understand the main characteristics of double-peaked spectrum and provide the reference basis for offshore construction design. In this paper, the statistical and spectrum analyses are made of the measured data on sea waves with double-peaked spectrum in SCS. The sea element probability distributions and characteristics of sea waves with double-peaked spectrums are investigated. In order to offer the selection of double-peaked spectrum model from Ochi-Hubble and Torsethaugen, the measured dada in SCS are comparing with these models. The results can provide a reference for design and construction in SCS.


The grief mothers suffer through the death of a baby at any time after conception must be recognized. A miscarriage, stillborn baby or the death of a newborn baby is often not acknowledged by society as a real loss. The sense of loss and grief felt by mothers is increased by the physical changes occurring in her body, but she needs the support and understanding of family and/or friends to work through her grief. The different aspects of grief: disbelief, anger, guilt, use up the mother's emotional energy and can produce a sense of feeling lost, a lack of confidence and isolation from family and friends. Freedom to mourn is important. Women without physical reminders of their lost babies suffer more problems. The extent and quality of social support directly affects the recovery from grief. Midwives can help to lay a basis for a healthy response for grieving mothers by accepting the reality of their suffering, and acknowledging the mother's loss of a special precious child and her need to grieve.


Routing proposals in MANETs have been implemented and tested considering homogeneous environment where nodes have equal capabilities and responsibilities to perform. These assumptions are not helpful to realise the actual performance of the routing protocols. Therefore, existing routing protocols should be tested and benchmarked for heterogeneous MANETs H-MANETs. In this paper, an analysis of AODV, DSR, AOMDV and CBRP protocols is done. The efficacy of these protocols has been judged for varying network size and varying traffic for H-MANETs. Heterogeneity has been introduced in terms of different random initial energy values given to each node. The performance analysis has been done using network simulator NS-2 for various important performance parameters. Results show that CBRP as compare to other protocols performs better and as a second choice, especially for large traffic, AOMDV is the best protocol. This work is useful for the judicious and sensible selection of the base routing protocol.


In the following speech, delivered at the Atlantic Human Rights Centre, St. Thomas University, Fredericton, New Brunswick, on 20 March 1998, Canadian Senator Donald Oliver urges the international community to commit itself to the universality of human rights. In an increasingly interdependent world, he says, nations will no longer be afforded the luxury of merely judging themselves. Their actions and progress in matters of human rights will be judged by the court of international public opinion, nongovernment organizations, and those standards that we have come to regard as representing the norms of civilized behavior. It is no longer possible to speak of world order without taking into account the protection of human rights and the remedy of human wrongs.