IN MOST SCHOOLS teachers still accept the graded speller as a means of selecting words to be learned by pupils not only for each grade level but also for each week of the school year. At the same time, a growing number of workers in this field do not feel that the basic speller is the answer to the problem of word selection. Many feel that the child's spelling vocabulary should grow out of his need for written expression rather than from any prepared list (I, 4, 5, 6, 7, 10, I1: 213-14). In examining the question of how to select the words a child should learn to spell, one cannot ignore the fact that each child develops at his own rate, and therefore spelling instruction must be differentiated in terms of individual development. Accepting a speller for determining which words to teach and the way in which they should be learned fails to take into account individual differences in rate of


The association between alcohol intake and colorectal cancer was examined in a population-based case-control study performed in Stockholm in 1986–88. The study included 352 cases of colon cancer, 217 cases of rectal cancer, and 512 controls. Relative risks, with 95% confidence intervals, were calculated for total alcohol intake and for different alcoholic beverages. Total alcohol intake (≥ 30 g 100% ethanol per day) was not associated with colon cancer (relative risk = 0.9, confidence intervals = 0.4–1.8) or rectal cancer (1.0, 0.4–2.1). There was no evidence supporting beverage specificity (for colorectal cancer and ≥ 10 g 100% ethanol per day: beer 1.1, 0.6–2.0, wine 1.0, 0.4–2.7, spirits 1.0, 0.6–1.6). The associations did not vary according to gender or site within the large bowel. These analyses were adjusted for year of birth and gender (when appropriate). Further adjustments for diet, body mass or physical activity had little or no influence on the results. The present study does not support the hypothesis that alcohol plays an important role in the aetiology of cancer of the colon and rectum in a population with a relatively low alcohol intake.


The impact of acute pancreatitis in pregnancy on maternal and fetal outcomes is unclear. Historical case series document very poor outcomes, with maternal mortality rates of 20 per cent and fetal loss of 50 per cent. However, this is based on outdated clinical practice. This meta-analysis quantified both maternal and fetal outcomes following acute pancreatitis in pregnancy based on the concurrent literature. Maternal and fetal outcomes after acute pancreatitis in pregnancy have improved with advances in the management of pancreatitis.


A study of bullying, victimisation and the coping strategies employed to tackle it is presented in the first study of bullying in the workplace conducted in Iceland. Participants were 398 members of a union of store and office workers and members of a national organisation of bank-employees. A factor analysis of bullying items identified two factors: general bullying and work-related bullying. Males score higher on both factors, but when asked directly if they have been bullied or not, no significant gender difference appears. A measure of coping strategies when faced with bullying is presented. A factor analysis and multidimensional scaling of these strategies identified four clusters: assertive response, seek help, avoidance and do nothing. These can be arranged on a passive vs. active dimension, which may reflect the severity or duration of the bullying situation. Multiple regressions indicate that males seek help less and use avoidance less than females, and males are more likely to use assertive strategies, confirming gender stereotypes about what constitutes appropriate behaviour. Increased bullying is also associated with the use of avoidance and passive response (do nothing). These results are mainly in accordance with findings from schools. It is suggested that active coping styles are employed during the initial stages of bullying but that victims resort to more passive coping strategies as the bullying becomes more serious. The need for a longitudinal design is proposed to understand the relationship between duration and severity of the bullying experience and the choice of coping strategies.


The researchers examined the online social networking attitudes of underperforming Latino high school students in an alternative education program that uses technology as the prime venue for learning. A sequential explanatory mixed methods study was used to cross-check multiple sources of data explaining students' levels of comfort with utilizing a social networking site platform as a supplemental communication tool in connection with their schoolwork. Students were found to be significantly less comfortable using social networking sites than other online communication tools in connection with their schoolwork, and females were significantly more uncomfortable than males using such sites in school.


As system clock rates of electronic designs steadily increase, the need for high bandwidth communication between designs in the system becomes critical. The Time Domain Crossbar (TDX) provides programmable, high-speed communications bandwidth across the user I/O pins of a VME backplane. The TDX timemultiplexes 20MHz byte-wide data onto 80MHz byte-wide data for transmission between boards. A programmable register set allows the user to open and close virtual communicaton channels by configuring independent data paths between sets of boards. Because each additional TDX board provides another crossbar, the overall system bandwidth increases with the number of TDX boards.


ABSTRACT During the Franco-Prussian War, Paris was besieged by the Prussians from the middle of September 1870 until the end of January 1871. During most of the period, the main means of transportation – railways, roads, telegraph, bridges, etc. – were cut off by the Prussians. This article shows that, given the elimination of the main means of diffusion of news, some novel strategies were used to preserve a democratic distribution of information. An analysis of the content of four illustrated periodicals – The Illustrated London News and The Graphic in London and L'Illustration and Le Monde Illustré in Paris – shows that innovative methods involving such things as the balloon and the carrier pigeon were used to circulate news inside and outside the fortifications of Paris and beyond the surrounding Prussian army. The article also demonstrates that while this distribution had a different form from that occurring in normal situations, it did not prevent the papers from reaching a balance among the various issues related to the war and covered by their content.


Important Compound Classes. Title. Pyrrolo-pyridazine Derivatives as Muscarinic M1 Receptor Positive Allosteric Modulators Patent Application Number. WO 2020/079606A1 Publication Date. April 23, 2020 Priority Application. 201841039345IN Priority Date. October 17, 2018 Inventors. Nirogi, R; Mohammed, A. R.; Shinde, A. K.; Ravella, S. R.; Subramanian, R.; Jasti, V. Assignee Company. Suven Life Sciences Limited Disease Area. CNS, neurodegenerative disease Biological Target. Muscarinic M1 receptor Summary. The muscarinic acetylcholine family of receptors are a group of G-protein couple receptors (GPCRs) that are widely expressed throughout the body. There are 5 subtypes which are designatedM1 throughM5, each of which are activated by acetylcholine. M2 and M4 are Gi/o coupled, whereas M1, M3, and M5 are Gq coupled. It has been demonstrated that M1 is predominantly expressed in various brain regions including the cortex, amygdala, and hippocampus, all of which are involved in cognition. This expression pattern has led to interest in the development of novel therapies that activate M1 as a means of improving cognitive performance. In addition, it has been suggested that compounds capable of activating M1 could have utility in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, frontotemporal dementia, Lewy body dementia, vascular dementia, as well as dementia associated with Parkinson's disease and Huntington's disease. The present patent application describes a series of novel M1 positive allosteric modulators and their potential therapeutic utility. Definitions. R is selected from -(C1−6)-alkyl, -(C5−7)cycloalkyl, -(C5−7)-heterocycloalkyl, or -(C6−10)-aryl, each of which is optionally substituted with one or more groups selected from halogen, hydroxy, NH2, CH2OH, and (C1−4)-alkyl; R is selected from hydrogen, halogen, -(C1−6)-alkyl, -(C3−6)cycloalkyl, or halo(C1−4)-alkyl; A is CH2, CHF, or CF2; P is independently selected from CH or N; Q is independently selected from CH or N; W is independently selected from CH or N; Y is independently selected from CH or N; Z is independently selected from CH or N; A is hydrogen, halogen, -OR, -NHR, -NHCOR, -CN, -CONHR, -CON(R)2, -(C1−4)-alkyl, -(C3−6)-cycloalkyl, -(C6−10)-aryl, and-(C5−10)-heteroaryl; wherein each of the -(C1−4)-alkyl, -(C3−6)-cycloalkyl, -(C6−10)-aryl, and-(C5−10)heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from halogen, -OR, -O(C1−4)-alkyl, -S-(C1−4)-alkyl, -N(CH3)2, -(C1−4)-alkyl, -(C3−6)cycloalkyl, halo(C1−4)-alkyl, -NHR , -NHCOR, -CONHR, -CN; wherein R at each occurrence is independently selected from hydrogen, halogen, -(C1−6)-alkyl, -(C3−6)-cycloalkyl, or halo(C1−4)-alkyl. Key Structures.


Thank you for reading politics as usual the cyberspace revolution. Maybe you have knowledge that, people have search hundreds times for their favorite books like this politics as usual the cyberspace revolution, but end up in malicious downloads. Rather than reading a good book with a cup of tea in the afternoon, instead they cope with some infectious virus inside their desktop computer. politics as usual the cyberspace revolution is available in our digital library an online access to it is set as public so you can download it instantly. Our book servers spans in multiple locations, allowing you to get the most less latency time to download any of our books like this one. Kindly say, the politics as usual the cyberspace revolution is universally compatible with any devices to read.


Many casinos routinely use mechanical card shuffling machines. We were asked to evaluate a new product, a shelf shuffler. This leads to new probability, new combinatorics and to some practical advice which was adopted by the manufacturer. The interplay between theory, computing, and real-world application is developed.


Heusler-type Fe2VSi compound exhibits a structural transition from cubic to tetragonal at critical temperature TS =123K. Near this temperature, many physical quantities exhibit anomalous features. In this thesis, we prepared a series of nonstoichiometric compounds Fe2VSi1-xAlx ( x=0~0.25 ). After measuring the electrical resistivity (ρ), thermal conductivity (κ), Seebeck coefficient (S), as well as specific heat (CP), we found that as increasing the doping concentration of Al, these anomalous features become weaker and the transition temperature decreases. When x≧0.25, the phase transition disappears. For the low-doped sample, the electrical resistivity mainly depends on the hole doping concentration of Al. With high substitution level, the crystal disorder has decidable influenced. For all samples, the thermal conductivity is mainly attributed to lattice thermal conductivity( ), indicating that the phonons carry the greater part of the heat current. Seebeck coefficient for all samples is negative, implying that the electrical conduction mainly come from the electrons and reveals the n-type characteristic. As x increase, entropy change( ) caused by phase transition decreases. Thermal hysteresis behavior exist in electrical resistivity and specific heat, suggesting that the phase transition is first-order. Besides, because Si sites are replaced by Al atoms, the thermoelectric performance improves and reachs its maximum at x=0.15.


In 1997, Australia signed the Kyoto Protocol under which it had been assigned what will become a legally binding emissions cap of 108% of its 1990 emissions. This target may be appropriate for our national circumstances but will be challenging to meet. This paper examines the way Woodside Energy Ltd is addressing the threats and opportunities raised by the Kyoto Protocol. The major risk to Woodside's business arises from the division of the Protocol into Annex B and non-Annex B. Australia is in Annex B, which is composed primarily of developed countries that have assigned emission amounts that will be legally binding when the protocol comes into force and is ratified. Meeting the Australian target and the global greenhouse emission reduction objective will require increasing the substitution of gas into national fuel mixes. Natural gas, including LNG, has the lowest lifecycle emissions of any fossil fuel. The Australian LNG industry is the only major Annex B supplier of LNG to Japan and thus would be at a severe competitive disadvantage if the costs of unilaterally imposed abatement policies and measures were applied to the industry in Australia that were not applied to its international competitors. The LNG industry is seeking differential treatment to alleviate this risk. Woodside has proposed a solution, put forward in this paper, that a scheme be negotiated into the Protocol at CoP6, allowing for the repatriation of credits from the LNG fuel cycle to the exporting country. This would permit fair competition across all LNG exporters. Woodside is keen to undertake its fair share of emission reduction and has already implemented some projects that have been successful in this regard. Further implementation of beyond no regrets projects relies on the Commonwealth resolving the recognition for early action question. A trial framework for making decisions on early abatement projects is described. Woodside is also investigating potential opportunities arising from the Protocol. Progress is reported on early investigation into clean development mechanism (CDM) projects and greenhouse abatement research and development (R&O). Sink enhancement studies are nearly complete and a detailed business case is under preparation.


In caprine milk, the as-casein complex includes two groups of proteins named asland as2-caseins. Both the asland as2-components present genetic polymorphism (Boulanger et al. 1984), which is detected by using different electrophoretic methods. However, the techniques used in these studies: starch-urea or polyacrylamideagarose gel electrophoresis at alkaline pH (Boulanger et al. 1984; Addeo et al. 1988) or the SDS-PAGE method of Laemmli (1970) as modified by Grosclaude et al. (1987) are inadequate for the separation of all the as-casein complex components. The electrophoretic methods previously described for the complete separation of the as-casein components; acidic starch-urea gels (Boulanger et al. 1984) and twodimensional electrophoresis (starch—urea gel electrophoresis v. isoelectric focusing, Addeo et al. 1988) are difficult to use, and in the latter case the resulting electropherograms are sometimes difficult to interpret. In view of these limitations we propose here an alternative two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoretic method that is easy to perform and is able to resolve all the asland as2-casein components.


validity of the results of the study is severely undermined by the high risk of misclassification bias. Several studies in the field of gastroenterology have tried to link nonspecific diagnosis codes to specific procedures (post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis,10,11 post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography sepsis12) using NIS data, with similar methodological flaws as described above. Unfortunately, these research practices appear common. In a study of 120 recent publications utilizing the NIS, Khera et al13 found that 54.4% of studies used nonspecific secondary diagnosis codes to infer in-hospital events. Although we do not recommend that the NIS be used to study procedural complications, there are steps that the authors could perform to clarify the results. Adverse events coded in the principle diagnosis (DX1) should be identified and excluded because these are present on admission and should not count as adverse events. Records with adverse events should be screened for surgeries that could result in adverse events with the same codes and flagged as possible misclassification. In records with adverse events, the timing of colonoscopy in relation to the timing of discharge should be clarified. If the patient was discharged <2 days after the colonoscopy, then these adverse events (especially perforation and splenic injury) are very unlikely related to the colonoscopy. Records with "hemorrhage complicating a procedure," codes for a diagnostic colonoscopy without biopsy or polypectomy should be identified and excluded because it is unlikely that bleeding occurred as an adverse event of these purely diagnostic colonoscopies. Performing these additional steps in the analysis does not validate the results, but it would at least provide some reassurance and context to the reader. In summary, the NIS is not an appropriate database to study postprocedural adverse events due to the lack of specificity in the ICD-9 codes. ICD-10 codes, implemented in 2015, appear to be more specific (eg, ICD-10: K91.71—accidental puncture and laceration of a digestive system organ or structure during a digestive system procedure), and may provide a better opportunity to study adverse events. The study by Olaiya and Adler1 represents a great effort to study adverse events from a colonoscopy, but we strongly question the validity of the results given the methodological concerns mentioned above.


This work reassesses the standard consensus of Zdeněk Fibich's (1850-1900) compositional aesthetic in his most popular opera Šárka (1896). Through the use of an interdisciplinary analysis, I set out a new interpretation. I evaluate the location of the composer's output on the nationalistic-cosmopolitan continuum through comparisons with Smetana's and Wagner's compositional tendencies, respectively. I correlate Fibich's place in the Czech political and social situations as well as conceptions of folk music with the role and depiction of gender. A feminist reading of the opera in light of Fibich's musical treatment deemphasizes the composer's cosmopolitan side and, contrary to the popular view, illustrates his nationalistic aims.


The effect of the native whey proteins α-lactalbumin (a-La), β-lactoglobulin (β-Lg) and bovine serum albumin (BSA) on the aminopeptidase activity of Lactococcus (Lc.) lactis spp. cremoris AM1 was investigated using p-nitroanilide (NA) derivatives of amino acids as substrates. PepN-like activity was decreased by inclusion of mixed whey proteins. While α-La did not have any effect on PepN-like activity, this activity was inhibited by (3-Lg and BSA. In contrast, increased hydrolysis of Ala-Pro-pNA and Pro-pNA (specific substrates for PepX and Pepl, respectively) were observed on inclusion of whey proteins. Peptidase activity on Glu-pNA as substrate was not affected by the whey protein mixture, although it was decreased by α-La and increased by BSA. (3-Lg did not have significant effect on PepA-like activity as assayed on Glu-pNA.


You are, in this version, the kind of person who enjoys being sweaty. You're never happier than when your shoulders are freighted with the 30-pound weight of all you need in the world. You are backpacking around a spired and bleak-skied European city. On each corner, pigeons and statuary. Each stone mouth reminds you of the lover you left across an ocean and a dozen rivers, the lover who might be, probably is, thinking of you as you order the pain au chocolat with a perfect accent, as you tilt your face toward the rain in a way that says I am the one you picture when you hear certain folk songs. The men you pass on these rain-glazed streets look at you but don't call out; the women smile as if you speak the same language. The air smells like diesel and the future: somewhere in the fog there might be a scuba dive, a daughter. You might try fois gras or rabbit sirloin. Your boots are perfectly broken in. You read maps with ease, are welcomed in lamp-lit taverns. Somehow you always have enough for cheap wine and somehow it tastes like gold. In this version, your face is unlined. In this version, everything is yet to happen.


Application of fuzzy control in ESP is an effective method for raising pracipiting efficiency and saving electricity . In this paper the composition of the system and control way is introduced , in additon , simulation research for this system is done in laboratory . The result of research is more satisfactory.


In this article, it proposed the conventional problems such as floating sludge, breeding algae and unstabilization of water quality,discussed the means to solve these problems. The practice proved:when volume loading is smaller than 1.0 kg BOD/(m~3·d), and the quality of original water do not change much, such polluter as chemical oxygen demand, synthetic detergent, oil, etc can be get rid of with biological contact oxidation. Thus the output water quality can meet country's corresponding discharge standard.


The original object of this paper was to consider the main differences between the law in England and India as to the recovery of money paid, goods delivered or land conveyed under an illegal agreement, first by restitution where the property has already passed, secondly by retention of a prior rightful title, limited or general. It has, however, been found necessary to devote a good deal of attention to the English law. On investigation, the paths do not all prove to be as well trodden as might have been expected. Grodecki, Hamson and Howard Street, among others, have made valuable contributions in this field, but little attention has been paid to the interplay of the various maxims that have influenced the development of the law, and there seems never to have been any attempt to make a comprehensive statement of the various rules of English law applicable where one of the parties to an illegal agreement seeks to rely on his title. The absence of any such analysis has led to doubt and difference of opinion in India, which can be resolved if the English cases are placed in what is believed to be their true setting.


One of the few direct means of identifying the position of localised states within the band gap of semiconductors entails the measurement of radiative transitions between bound states and the host crystal bands. Studies of the temperature dependence of the spectra supply information from which the phonon contribution can be extracted, but the electronic contribution to the transition probability and its physical signature remain poorly understood. Accordingly, the authors have employed their Green function technique to calculate the electronic components of the optical cross section for deep impurity states in direct (GaAs) and indirect (GaP) gap materials. Localised states transforming as the a1 and t2 representations of the Td point group were considered at several positions in the forbidden gap. A large sampling (compared with that needed for the calculation of binding energies) was employed in order to capture accurately the angular properties of the momentum wavefunction and to ensure convergence of the optical sums. Transitions involving the conduction and valence bands were computed, and some simple trends discussed.


Most of today`s parallel numerical schemes use synchronous algorithms, where some processors that have finished their tasks earlier than others must wait at synchronization points for correct computation. Hence overall performance of the system is dependent upon the speed of the slowest processor. In this paper, we det·ise a synchronous/asynchronous hybrid algorithm to accelerate convergence of the solution for finding the dominant eigenpair of a large matrix, by reducing the idle times of faster processors using MPMD programming methodology.


CT were analyzed. The subjects were elderly people aged 55–75 who volunteered for brain 18F of the FDG CT and PET scanning. The elderly who maintained exercise were divided into exercise group and non-exercise group into control group. The images obtained by CT examination showed
 that the brain of the elderly who insisted on exercise showed a significant increase in glucose metabolism, which indicated that exercise had a preventive effect on brain diseases of the elderly, and reduced the risk of cerebral vascular occlusion and brain atrophy.


The paper is devoted to the study of the gender component of meaning as shown by English nominations of a person, built up by means of gender suffixes. The given suffixes serve to produce feminine nouns. An analysis is made of the practical material to single out and describe the main subject groups. In the course of the research we have established that the gender element was used as an important link for understanding the peculiarities of the linguistic personality.


It turns out that there are a few anecdotes of deaths from acupuncture administered by poorly trained therapists in Asia, but none in Britain. So we have to be frightened that we might die from acupuncture?1 And is orthodox medicine blameless? The Department of Health itself estimates that there are 'some 850,000 adverse events in the NHS every year … resulting in additional costs in excess of £2 billion annually'.2 The charity Action against Medical Accidents works with around 4000 people every year who have been affected by 'patient safety incidents' (the term used by the NHS). Dr Stuart Gray, whose father died as a result of a massive overdose of diamorphine administered by an out-of-hours GP from Germany, says 'It is deeply disturbing to be informed that so many NHS bodies still completely disregard the National Patient Safety Agency safety alerts'.3 A public inquiry is currently investigating the deaths of hundreds of patients at Mid Staffordshire NHS Foundation Trust.

Adverse events are not always immediately apparent. Radiotherapy to the breast is one example where many women have had progressive problems resulting in, for instance, bone necrosis and soft tissue fibrosis, leading in some cases to bone fractures, arm amputations, and second cancers.4 Indeed, according to Jan Stjernsward, 'routine use of radiotherapy in early breast cancer … seemed to be associated with increased mortality, an iatrogenic failure'.5 However, complementary medicine, including acupuncture, can sometimes ameliorate such problems.

So can we all please work in a truly holistic manner, and allow patients to use the best of complementary therapy together with all that orthodox medicine has to offer? It seems to me that orthodox medicine is in greater need than complementary of the maxim 'First do no harm'.


In many parts of the world, artisanal or small-scale mining activities are at least as important as large-scale mining activities. The numbers of people employed are actually considerably greater than in large companies. In 2002, an estimated 13 million people a large percentage of those are women and children are artisanal and small scale miners operating mainly in developing countries. Although the numbers of small-scale miners and their dependents are estimated at up to 80-100 million people, governments are frequently reluctant to give legal recognition to artisanal miners [1]. This paper discusses approaches to develop the Artisanal–Small Scale Mining (ASM) sector in developing countries. This includes choice of mineral commodity, available technologies and economic/geological criteria. Other considerations include access to finance, area selection, and personnel. The parameters of mineral economic analysis are also essential for a successful ASM mining operation. Finally, choice of mining equipment is critical to success. DOI:  http://dx.doi.org/10.14456/aer.2014.4


In this chapter we seek to highlight the importance of advancing the work that does exist on GPSFs in the institutionalization of transnational governance regimes through a more careful consideration of the identities, projects and effects of the firms in question. We contend that in their attempts to develop new markets, services and more efficient internal organizational models, GPSFs exercise far reaching institutional effects as they challenge governance regimes, disrupt/create jurisdictions, and transform identities, practices and systems of regulation in the professions themselves. They do this, we suggest, through three strategies associated with scope of control, defining scales of knowledge resources, and the production of ecologies of linked interests. These strategies involve developing strategic alliances with a range of other field actors such as academia, regulatory bodies, International Organisations, national governments and professional associations as part of linked ecologies (Abbott, 2005). As such, GPSFs exemplify the process of professional strategy > organizational opportunities > issue control that Seabrooke and Henriksen (this volume) claim is central to the transnational realm. This chapter provides, then, a contribution to on-going attempts to 'revisit theories of professionalism, which did not fully anticipate the shift of professional work to the context of large organizations' (Suddaby et al., 2007: 25). It also complements the following chapter by Boussebaa, outlining the institutionalizing effects of neo-colonial networks.


Self‐assembly is one of the crucial mechanisms allowing the design multifunctional materials. Soft hybrid materials contain components of different natures and exhibit competitive interactions which drive self‐organization into structures of a particular function. Here a novel type of a magnetic hybrid material where the molecular tilt can be manipulated through a delicate balance between the topologically‐assisted colloidal self‐assembly of magnetic nanoparticles and the anisotropic molecular interactions in a liquid crystal matrix is demonstrated.


A belief frequently expressed by observers of the stock market is that groups of institutions tend to trade in the same way at the same time. Two expressions of this belief follow: Frequently reference is made to the 'impact' of institutional investors on the stock market. Apparently it is worrisome to the observers of the markets to find that we tend to buy and sell somewhat in unison.


Purpose
The well-known discrete methods of computational fluid dynamics (CFD), lattice Boltzmann method (LBM), cellular automata (CA), volume-of-fluid (VoF) and others rely on several parameters describing the boundary or the surface. Some of them are vector normal to the surface, coordinates of the point on the surface and the curvature. They are necessary for the reconstruction of the real surface (boundary) based on the values of the volume fractions of several cells. However, the simple methods commonly used for calculations of the vector normal to the surface are of unsatisfactory accuracy. In light of this, the purpose of this paper is to demonstrate a more accurate method for determining the vector normal to the surface.

Design/methodology/approach
Based on the thesis that information about the volume fractions of the 3 × 3 cell block should be enough for normal vector determination, a neural network (NN) was proposed for use in the paper. The normal vector and the volume fractions of the cells themselves can be defined on the basis of such variables as the location of the center and the radius of the circumference. Therefore, the NN is proposed to solve the inverse problem – to determine the normal vector based on known values of volume fractions. Volume fractions are inputs of NNs, while the normal vector is their output. Over a thousand variants of the surface location, orientations of the normal vector and curvatures were prepared for volume fraction calculations; their results were used for training, validating and testing the NNs.

Findings
The simplest NN with one neuron in the hidden layer shows better results than other commonly used methods, and an NN with four neurons produces results with errors below 1° relative to the orientation of the normal vector; for several cases, it proven to be more accurate by an order of magnitude.

Practical implications
The method can be used in the CFD, LBM, CA, VoF and other discrete computational methods. The more precise normal vector allows for a more accurate determination of the points on the surface and curvature in further calculations via the surface or interface tracking method. The paper contains the data for the practical application of developed NNs. The method is limited to regular square or cuboid lattices.

Originality value
The paper presents an original implementation of NNs for normal vector calculation connected with CFD, LBM and other application for fluid flow with free surface or phase transformation.


The objectives of this study were, 1) to investigate the perception and preference for Japanese chain restaurants due to demographics and consumption behaviors, and 2) to research improvements for Japanese chain restaurants according to the customers' dissatisfaction. Frequency analysis and one-way ANOVA were used to analyze the data. Three hundred questionnaires were distributed and 254 were returned(84.66%). The customers' perception and preference about Japanese chain restaurants were significantly related with each other. The differences of perception and preference due to demographics and consumption behaviors were significant. The most dissatisfied selection attributes were price, number of Korean dishes, number of branch offices, and advertisements, in order. From examining the progressive circmnstances of Korean food-service industry and the social trends toward a preference for healthy, special ethnic food and dishes for diet control and high protein-low fat, it is apparent that food-service businesses related to Japanese food have the potential for success. The results of this study should provide valuable information for administrators and managers in the hospitality industry.


Microwave hyperthermia therapy for breast cancer supports chemotherapy and radiotherapy. The tumor temperature levels are increased using the heat energy emitted from the microwave sources, while the energy is optimized to minimally affect the non-cancerous regions. Introducing different frequency radiation can increase the energy-focusing sensitivity. However, a simultaneous multi-frequency radiation can be challenging when the power and phase requirements for the electromagnetic wave emitted for each frequency are different. This paper presents a frequency alteration approach. The optimized energy distributions for two frequencies were introduced in turns to the breast phantom after each other. The duration for each turn is optimized to obtain the best temperature focusing over the phantom. The alternating-frequency final temperature distribution has an 11.8% higher target-to-breast temperature ratio, $0.2{}^{\circ}\ \mathrm{C}$ lower healthy tissue temperature values and 11%-20% lower hotspot-to-target temperature ratio compared to the single-frequency results.


The product resulting from treatment of muristerone (1) with Me3SiCl–Nal exhibits extraordinary activity when assayed on Drosophila Kc-H Cells; spectroscopic studies define this compound as 14-deoxymuristerone (2).


The precise original parameters are critical for improving the calculation accuracy of shaft torsional vibration.A three-dimensional mode of a half crank is established in the finite element analysis software to accurately calculate the original parameters such as the moment of inertia and torsional stiffness of each shaft section.Based on the established real ship shafting equivalent system,this paper calculated the free vibration frequency and the corresponding resonance speed,as well as the vibration amplitude of the free end and the flywheel output end,analyzed the relationship of the stress and torque of shafts and the crank angle and engine speed.The results show that in the whole speed range,the torsional amplitude is less than the allowable value and the largest shaft torque and stress are less than limited value of the material.So that the ship shafting torsional vibration is in a good situation.


This paper develops and evaluates a simple model for scheduling vehicle arrivals at transportation terminals where vehicles are randomly delayed en route. Equations are developed for the optimal "slack" time (the time between the scheduled arrival for a feeder line and the scheduled departure for a transfer line) when vehicles are delayed according to an exponential probability distribution. These equations only depend on the average vehicle delay and the line headway on the transfer line. The paper shows that coordinating arrivals with departures is most important when the headway is large relative to average vehicle delay.


A clinical and hiochemical study of twelve persons in the same family, including two hemizygous and one typical heterozygous patients, for Fabry's disease is reported. Two obligate heterozygous females—daughters of the index case—lacked any of the clinical manifestations found in typical heterozygous carriers, having also normal α‐galactosidase activity in peripheral leukocytes and normal urinary excretion of trihexosylceramide and digalactosylceramide. Blood group serology was determined to exclude illegitimacy. The validity of these findings and some possible explanations are discussed.


Objective To study the expression of E-cadherin and S100A2 genes in non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC) tissues and their clinic characters.Methods In order to discover the function of E-cadherin and S100A2 in NSCLC tissues,semi-quantitative RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry were performed in the tumor tissues with differentiation grade,lung paracancerous and normal lung tissues.Results RT-PCR showed E-cadherin high expressed in normal lung tissues,and down-regulated-expressed in NSCLC tissues.S100A2 low expressed in normal lung tissues,and up-regulated-expressed in NSCLC tissues.Immunohistochemisty showed the expression of E-cadherin protein in normal lung tissues is 100%,while in the NSCLC tissues is lower and S100A2 is up-regulated.Conclusion E-cadherin is tumor inhibitor factors,its expression decreased in the NSCLC tissues,positively related to differentiation and negatively related to lymph node metastasis and invasion grade.The expression of S100A2 is higher in NSCLC,negatively related to differentiation and positively related to lymph node metastasis and invasion grade.


PurposeExamine the usability of rainfall and temperature outputs of a regional climate model (RCM) and meteorological drought indices to develop a macro-level risk transfer product to compensate the government of Central Java, Indonesia, for drought-related disaster payments to rice farmers.Design/methodology/approachBased on 0.5° gridded rainfall and temperature data (1960–2015) and projections of the WRF-RCM (2016–2040), the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) and the Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) are calculated for Central Java over different time spans. The drought indices are correlated to annual and seasonal rice production, based on which a weather index insurance structure is developed.FindingsThe six-month SPI correlates best with the wet season rice production, which generates most output in Central Java. The SPI time series reveals that drought severity increases in future years (2016–2040) and leads to higher payouts from the weather index structure compared to the historical period (1960–2015).Practical implicationsThe developed methodology in using SPI for historical and projected periods allows the development of weather index insurance in other regions which have a clear link between rainfall deficit and agricultural production volatility.Originality/valueMeteorological drought indices are a viable alternative for weather index insurance, which is usually based on rainfall amounts. RCM outputs provide valuable insights into future climate variability and drought risk and prolong the time series, which should result in more robust weather index insurance products.


This study aims to fabricate SiC whisker (w)/ particle (p)-reinforced magnesium (Mg) composites with enhanced mechanical properties using spark plasma sintering (SPS) methods. It has been confirmed that dispersing state of SiCw can be improved by addition of SiCp. However, due to presence of voids and cracks between the oxide layers, surrounding SiCw/p, and Mg matrix in the composites, SiCw with SiCp cannot contribute to enhance the bending strength of Mg matrix. This issue can be tackled by adding low melting point metals such as Sn into the composites to fill the defects in the composites.


Objective: analyze scientific studies on bed bath of adult patients in critical care. Method: an integrative literature review was conducted in 2016 in the following databases: CINAHL, PubMed, Scopus, LILACS, and Web of Science, using the descriptors: "baths," "critical care," with Boolean operator "and." Results: 21 articles were included. The studies focused on: the relation between bed bath and the prevention and control of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs), and description and evaluation of the bed bath procedure. Conclusion: a knowledge gap was observed in the literature in terms of the best bed bath technique, but the scientific studies analyzed in this review show this procedure can cause changes in the physiological parameters of adult patients in critical care.


Although nitric oxide (NO), carbon monoxide (CO), and hydrogen sulfide (H2 S) have been considered as notorious gas pollutants for decades, they are considered as endogenous gaseous signaling molecules (GSMs), which have been widely recognized for their important signaling functions and prominent medical applications in human physiology. To achieve local delivery of GSMs to optimize therapeutic efficacy and reduce systemic side effects, stimuli-responsive nanocarriers have been successfully developed. Among them, ultrasound is considered as an attractive theranostic modality that can be used to track drug carriers, trigger drug release, and improve drug deposition, etc. In this minireview, we summarize recent achievements in designing ultrasound-responsive nanocarriers for the controlled delivery of GSMs and their biomedical applications. This emerging research direction enables the controlled delivery of GSMs to deep tissues, and the combination of ultrasound imaging techniques offers many possibilities for the fabrication of new theranostic platforms. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.


tailed in his discussion, he was also pragmatic and cautioned committees not to put process in the way of effective decision -making. Robert's rules address at length the appointment of committees and the mechanisms of reporting of committee deliberations, but they do not address the political rift that sometimes exists between committee and line organization hierarchies. Robert's rules provide the procedures for topic selection, discussion, and decision making so that the assembled committee members, along with the chairperson and recording secretary, work from a common ground. The purpose of the rules is to reduce the influence of prejudice and seniority and to ensure that all points of view have a fair hearing before a democratic decision is made.


The efficiency and the contrast ratio of the projection system based on wire-grid polarizers (WGP) are investigated as a function of the incident angle. We shall show that of the four possible combinations of configurations, only one offers the best contrast and efficiency. We also shall show that WGP offers some distinct advantages over conventional polarizers, in terms of large extinction ratios and large numerical apertures. Also it is found that the optimal incident angle onto the WGP is dependent on the physical design of the polarizer, and is seldom 45/spl deg/. At the optimal angle, both the transmission and reflection contrast can be quite good. However, WGP suffer from the drawback of large absorption due to free carrier absorption by the metal grid.


A Neuro–Fuzzy Architecture is used to control the mobile autonomous robot MILVA. It enables the robot to perform several basic operations like obstacle avoidance, target following and local navigation in real world environments. The Neuro–Fuzzy Network is used to provide the robot with a base of initial knowledge in order to accelerate the supervised learning process. Linguistic Variables represent the base by Terms of (Fuzzy–Sets) and IF .. THEN .. production rules. The Neuro–Fuzzy Network inherits the knowledge base and is optimized by a backpropagation training algorithm to improve its behaviour.


Abstract Intracranial ependymal cysts (ECs) are rare benign lesions. They are frequently asymptomatic and arise in the supratentorial regions. Retrocerebellar ECs is a rare location. We present a case of 3-months-old infant who developed obstructive hydrocephalus, bulging fontanel, and macrocephaly secondary to a retrocerebellar EC. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed a large retrocerebellar cyst that compressed the cerebellum and the brainstem, producing fourth ventricle outlet obstruction and supratentorial hydrocephalus. Microsurgical fenestration of the cyst to the obex of the fourth ventricle and a cystic wall biopsy were performed. The procedure improved supratentorial hydrocephalus, as well as the patient's clinical condition. A histopathological study confirmed the diagnosis of an EC. As far as we know, after a thorough review of the literature, this is the first reported case of retrocerebellar EC. It is a rare cause of hydrocephalus due to outlet obstruction of the fourth ventricle. Treatment of the cause itself was shown to be effective.


Research  background  and  hypothesis.  Previous  research  has  proved  that  children  engaged  in  sports  easier integrate into the society and their psychological well-being is much higher,  sports activities can help them resist to the harmful influence of their peers and prevent them from engaging into delinquent behavior. However, there still is a lack of a studies providing evidence about factors that determine the expression of compulsion. Hypothesis: The level of self-esteem and self-confidence of adolescent athletes influences the occurrence of bullying and the initiation of it.  Research  aim  was  to  disclose  the  relationship  between  the  level  of  adolescent  athletes'  self-esteem,  self-confidence and the occurrence of bullying.Research methods. The study applied I. Shostrom's modified self-esteem scale questionnaire and the adapted Bullying Scale for Schoolchildren. Research  results.  Results  showed  a  weak  correlation  between  bullying  and  self-esteem  levels  (γ =  0.24; p > 0.05). We found a weak adverse relationship between initiating bullying and self-assessment levels (γ = –0.16; p > 0.05), weak adverse correlation between experienced bullying and self-confidence levels (γ = –0.15; p > 0.05) and a weak linear relationship between initiating bullying and self-confidence (γ = 0.20; p > 0.05).Discussion and conclusions. Contrary to what we expected, we observed that athlete adolescents with the high levels of self-esteem suffered from bullying sometimes and often. Research findings suggest that adolescents who tend to initiate bullying demonstrated moderate and low levels of self-esteem. Most of athlete adolescents admitted that that did not initiate bullying or if they did, that was done only occasionally. It was found that adolescents with high and moderate self-confidence levels experienced bullying occasionally or not at all. Some athletes with low self-confidence levels professed that they suffered from bullying more often, and they also admitted that they often initiated bullying themselves. In our research we were unable failed to provide evidence which would prove that sports activities impacted or influenced adolescents' bullying initiatives or experiences; therefore further research is needed to determine whether self-esteem and other internal personality qualities could affect the expression of bullying among non-athlete adolescents.Keywords: aggression, adolescents' self- assessment, self-confidence.


AIM: To investigate the distribution of coagulation factor  (F) Val34Leu polymorphism in Chinese and the relationship between the polymorphism and coronary heart disease (CHD) or myocardial infarction. METHODS: A total of 195 patients with angiographically confirmed CHD and 203 controls were genotyped for the Val34Leu polymorphism by polymerase chain reaction-single strand conformational polymorphism (PCR-SSCP) analysis. RESULTS: The FVal34Leu was found in 19 out of all 398 samples (4.8%) representing a Leu allele frequency of 2.4%. The distribution of F genotype and allele was not significantly different between all patients and controls ((P0.05)). The Val/Leu genotype and Leu allele frequencies in subjects without MI were significantly higher than that in subjects with MI (P0.05). CONCLUSION: There is F Val34Leu polymorphism in Han ethnic group. [


Environmental management of rivers requires understanding of the interaction between flow, sediment and vegetation. Flume test results show that the rate of bed load transport through emergent stems is related to bed shear stress, which is influenced by stem drag. Sediment accumulations in partially vegetated rivers are associated with vegetation distribution. Equilibrium storage volumes in vegetation strips are related to the prevailing discharge, and can be attained by erosion or deposition of bed load. Bed load also accumulates in the lee zones of patches, attaining equilibrium volumes related to sediment supply and discharge. The interaction between sediment and vegetation dynamics can be effectively simulated by rule-based modelling.


A refrigerator includes a refrigerator body, a door to open and close the front of the refrigerator body, and a door handle provided at one side of the door. The door handle includes a handle unit having a grip part to allow a user to grip the door handle, an actuating rod fixed inside the handle unit such that the actuating rod is moved along with the handle unit, a guide unit to guide movement of the actuating rod, a pusher configured to be advanced and retreated through movement relative to the actuating rod to push the refrigerator body, and a gear unit disposed between the actuating rod and the pusher such that the gear unit is engaged with the actuating rod and the pusher.


The phosphate sorption product on the clay fraction of Kanuma pumice (KP clay) after air-drying was revealed to be a material close to noncrystalline aluminum phosphate by infrared absorption (IR) spectroscopy. The IR spectrum of phosphate sorbed, obtained by subtracting the diffuse reflectance IR spectrum of KP clay from that of the phosphated KP clay, was close to that of noncrystalline aluminum phosphate. During the phosphate sorption reaction on KP clay, the amount of Clsorption and the concentration of dissolved Al at the initial pH of 4.0 decreased with phosphate sorption. The amount of silicon released, that of Na+ sorption and pH value increased with phosphate sorption. It was concluded that a part of KP clay, a short range order aluminosilicate, was converted to a material close to noncrystalline aluminum phosphate through phosphate sorption and release of silicon.


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These pictures of tulips and tulip chromosomes are from a new permanent exhibition in the genetics department of Guy's and St Thomas's Hospital NHS Trust.

Photographer …

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As plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs) take up a larger share of the United States vehicle market, their variety increases as well. Since many electric vehicle manufacturers offer multiple PEV trim variants, the distribution of vehicle characteristics such as battery capacity, all-electric range, electricity consumption, and curb weight cannot be determined by sales data alone. Sales data and vehicle registration data were analyzed to quantify and map the trim variant distribution of PEV models from nine automakers. With this information, we quantify national sales-weighted characteristics of fourteen different models over ten years, including battery capacity, fuel economy, and vehicle weight. We find a positive correlation between share of all-wheel drive variants for Tesla vehicles and average annual snowfall, and general uniformity nationwide in other vehicle characteristics. The estimated trim variant distributions will be useful in informing decisions regarding materials recycling and EV impact on the energy grid, and this study found that the total installed battery capacity in PEV in the U.S. was 76 GWh through 2020.


The invention relates to a miniature photoelectric hanging cabin, which is used for an aircraft and comprises an azimuth change mechanism and a sensor, wherein the sensor is a daytime type sensor and/or a replaceable night type sensor for night use, the upper end of the sensor and the lower end of the azimuth change mechanism are fixedly connected into a dismountable whole through screws, the azimuth change mechanism comprises an azimuth upper casing connected onto the aircraft, the sensor comprises a pitching assembly provided with a pitching support frame, a sensing assembly of the daytime type sensor is a television sensing assembly, a protection window is a visible light protection window, a sensing assembly of the night type sensor is an infrared sensing assembly, a protection window is an infrared protection window, and the azimuth change mechanism is connected with a connecting socket arranged at the upper end of the pitching support frame of the sensor through a connecting plug arranged at the center part of the lower end of an azimuth shaft arranged at the lower part and is used for carrying out uplink and downlink information transmission. The miniature photoelectric hanging cabin has the advantages that the daytime type sensor or the night type sensor can be fast replaced according task requirements, only one sensor is needed during practical work, the load can be effectively reduced, and the miniature photoelectric hanging cabin has the characteristics that the structure is simple, the application range is wide, and the like.


Liang Qi-chao was the first in modern China to systematically put forward the idea of Xin Min (remodeling the national character of Chinese people, hence a New People). He combined the moralities of the western world with those of Chinese, aiming at building a new type of Chinese people. Yet he failed in the combination of reforming the feudal economic basis and political system with the Xin Min theory. He finally found it impossible to build the new people but returned to the traditional.


A high-speed permutation-network-based VLSI median filter has been developed. By employing a two-dimensional bit-propagating scheme, the delay time of the filter has been made proportional to the sum of the number of inputs and the bit length. As a result, a much faster median search has been achieved compared to conventional approaches, in which the delay time is typically the order of the product of the number of inputs and the bit length. As a proof-of-concept, an 8-b, 5-input median filter chip was designed and fabricated in a 0.35-/spl mu/m 3-metal CMOS technology. A high-speed median search less than 4.9 ns has been demonstrated by experiments.


For any organization, accounting and analytical activity is one of the main tools providing the grounds for the effective management decision-making regarding the financial results formation. Digitization of the accounting and analytical support of the management activities cannot be limited only to the creation of a digital copy of the workflow and the access to the high-speed Internet. This article outlines the issues of the modeling an accounting procedure in a combination with financial and management accounting methods – as one of the means of the conceptual reconstruction of the economic life facts and economic processes that allow forecasting the financial results. The development of the financial modeling is considered, which consists in the creation of a unified model of the organization accounting process under the digitalization conditions. A financial organization accounting model has been formed that makes for the more comprehensive realization of the digital economy requirements, improving the quality of the accounting information and financial result forming. A model was developed for the consolidation of information flows of management accounting in the digital economy for the purpose of generating financial results, which helps to increase the reliability and comparability of financial reporting data.


The application of PLC to computer survey systems in the diggings electrical net industry is introduced.The system uses SIMATIC S7-200 PLC maded by SIMENS as the central data collecting and processing device.By using the ST7536 electrical carrier wave transceiver circuit,we manage to use electric line to communicate.This system has a high reliability,expansibility,and maintainability.Meanwhile,the production is low and the manipulation is easy to magage.The system has obtained great success in the application.


This paper describes psychical functioning that is dissociated and disassociating from a talking group of psychotic patients and produces what the author calls "associative dotted lines." It examines the phases of its development toward the construction of a true associative group chain. The psychical conditions that make this elaborative shift possible are analyzed.


An unstructured peer-to-peer based decentralized desktop grid platform called UDDG which can share the available PC terminals over the Internet for parallel and distributed computation transparently and seamlessly is described and implemented.Like unstructured approaches we propose that each peer maintains a list of acquaintances and also some modifications to the basic flooding protocol to make the platform scalable.At last,UDDG is deployed as a permanent desktop grid,with which we have achieved a computation record by solving the NQueens problem.The results obtained fromperformance analysis shows thatUDDG is feasible and efficientwhich can provide a new way for building grids.


The present study investigated whether narrative job descriptions could be converted to quantitative rating scores using traditional job analysis questionnaire techniques. Detailed written descriptions of 121 job categories in a military health care facility were rated using the Position Analysis Questionnaire (PAQ). Indices of interrater agreement suggested acceptable levels of agreement for job dimension scores derived from these ratings. Further, when regressed against GATB abilities estimates, the job dimension scores produced values very similar to those reported by previous studies using the PAQ. Finally, cluster analyses of the 121 job categories suggested that the dimensions reflected important differences and similarities among the job categories and thus provided a viable means of grouping jobs into higher order families. Potential uses for data derived from narrative job descriptions are discussed.


Makio Kawasaki, Ken Mochizuki, Norio Kawakami, and Hideaki Obuse Department of Applied Physics, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8628, Japan Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan Topological phases and the associated multiple edge states are studied for PT symmetric open quantum systems by constructing a non-unitary three-step quantum walk retaining PT symmetry in one dimension. We show that the non-unitary quantum walk has large topological numbers and numerically confirm that multiple edge states appear as expected from the bulk-edge correspondence. Therefore, the bulk-edge correspondence is valid in the present open quantum system. Toward experimental verifications, we propose a procedure to determine the number of the multiple edge states from time evolution of the probability distribution. Further, we demonstrate that the long time dynamics of the unitary three-step quantum walk can be well simulated on a quantum comuputer IBM Q.


The Centre for International Meetings on Biology was established in 1992 as a component of a private foundation: Fundacion Juan March. It organizes workshops and scientific activities that are held throughout the year and cover a wide range of topics in modern biology. At these meetings, about 20 invited speakers, who are actively involved in the different fields, present their latest results to a small number of participants. This meeting format promotes discussion and a rich exchange of results and ideas.

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Determining the atomic‐resolution structure of integral membrane proteins is an adventure for those with a strong stomach, but the results from the last 3 years formed a veritable feast of structures at the recent meeting in Madrid (February 12–14, 2001). Structure is an essential prerequisite to understanding how membrane proteins function and, in addition, how their functions can be modified by small molecules. This is of paramount importance in the pharmaceutical industry, which produces many drugs that bind to membrane proteins (e.g. Prozac and Imigram), and recognizes the potential of many recently identified G protein‐coupled receptors, ion channels and transporters as targets for future drugs. This conference discussed many issues that are critically important for membrane protein structure determination, namely increasing the expression levels of complex mammalian membrane proteins and making high‐quality two‐dimensional (2D) or three‐dimensional (3D) crystals; some of these issues were covered by a recent Workshop discussed in a previous report (Thomas, 2001). The major part of the Juan March meeting described how recent structural information on channels, pumps and transporters has led to detailed models of how ions and molecules cross a membrane, and is the subject of this report.

The aquaglyceroporin family currently comprises more than 200 members, found in eubacteria, plants and animals, which transport a variety of substrates including water, by AQP1, and …

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In this article the trans-personal psychology is analyzed as one of examples modern belief. S. Grofs concept is considered at an empirical, theoretical and world outlook level, during this research is found out, what material trans-personal psychologies gravitates to a science and can enter into the case of scientific knowledge, and what part of this doctrine represents a variant of modern belief.


Recently,approximate graph matching based on relaxing the permutation matrix to a doubly stochastic matrix has become an important and popular topic.The key point lies in which approximation over a continuous set is usually easier to implement than that over a discrete one.However,a consequent trouble related to such a relaxation is how to properly map the doubly stochastic matrix back to a permutation one.In the literature,a concave relaxation function for matching problem between the undirected graphs without self-loops was recently proposed,such that the doubly stochastic matrix can converge to a permutation one in a smooth way,and got a state-of-art performance on matching accuracy.Unfortunately,except for the undirected graphs without self-loops,there are no concave relaxation proposed for any other types of graph models.In this paper,we propose a concave relaxation for the directed graphs without self-loops,based on which a graph matching algorithm is then presented.Extensive experimental comparisons witness the validity of the proposed methods.


This project successfully characterised poultry dust, quantified emission levels, and assessed the potential of emission abatement techniques and the potential impact on human health. Measured in-house concentrations and emission factors of PM2.5 and PM10 were within the range of previous measurements, but the average was significantly lower than the average of former studies, especially for broilers. Surprisingly high emission factors were found for housing emissions of free-range layers, for which literature data are sparse. Using the emission factors derived here, overall UK emissions of PM10 from poultry were 1.865 t.yr -1 , reduced by fourfold compared with the NAEI. Ammonia emissions were also in the range of previous estimates, but average emission factors were 50% higher than those used to calculate the official UK emission estimates. Abatement using either two baffles and water bath outside the fans (U-bend principle) or a StuffNix filtration system, removed 22% and 67% of PM10, respectively. Bioaerosol concentrations, quantified as bacteria, fungi and endotoxin, were also in line with previous results. In-house concentrations are of potential concern to poultry workers. However, due to dilution and dispersion effects, concentrations approach background values at a distance of about 100 m downwind. The bacterial and fungal composition was typical for agricultural areas and E.coli was only identified during one farm visit.


The herbal products today symbolise safety in contrast to the synthetic that are regarded as unsafe to human and environment. Due to their safe, effective and inexpensive nature, indigenous remedies are popular among the people of both urban and rural areas in many countries. For present study an annual aromatic herb Dill (Anethum graveolens L.) was selected which belong to Apiaceae family. It has been cultivated since ancient times. Phytochemical evaluation is one of the tools for the quality evaluation of plants, which avails us with the prospect to see at a glance about the various phytochemicals present in a plant material. The evaluation of all the drugs is based on phytochemical and pharmacological approaches which leads to the drug discovery referred as natural product screening. Preliminary phytochemical screening of different solvent extracts of Anethum graveolens L. showed the presence of many types of chemical constituents such as alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids, saponin, steroids, tannins. During present study, it was observed that leaves contain highest amount of alkaloids in D.W. as compare to the other solvent used.


The red line of Permanent Basic Farmland is the most important part in the " three-line " demarcation of China's national territorial development plan. The scientific and reasonable delineation of the red line is a major strategic measure being taken by China to improve its ability to safeguard the practical interests of farmers and guarantee national food security. The delineation of Permanent Basic Farmland zoning (DPBFZ) is essentially a multi-objective optimization problem. However, development projects. The mathematical formal expressions for the objectives and constraints are given in the paper, and a multi-objective optimal decision model with multiple constraints for the DPBFZ problem is constructed based on the clone selection algorithm. An antibody coding scheme was designed according to the spatial pattern of DPBFZ zoning. In addition, the antibody-antigen affinity function, the clone mechanism, and mutation strategy were constructed and improved to solve the DPBFZ problem with a spatial optimization feature. Finally, Tongxu County in Henan province was selected as the study area, and a controlled experiment was set up according to different target preferences. The results show that the model proposed in this paper is operational in the work of delineating DPBFZ. It not only avoids the adverse effects of subjective factors in the delineation process but also provides multiple scenarios DPBFZ layouts for decision makers by adjusting the weighting of the objective function.


Multichip monolithic-integrated circuit modules that provide low-noise amplification, bandpass filtering, square-law detection, and DC amplification of a broadband millimeter-wave signal are described. The module is compact (4.50 cm/sup 3/) and lightweight (37 g), has low power consumption (80-130 mW), and is well-suited for use in focal-plane arrays to provide passive imaging of millimeter-wave thermal radiation. The theoretical gain requirement, radiometer construction, and measured results are reported.<<ETX>>


Significant difficulties in the practical application of the transposed legislation appear in the model of complete harmonization. They cover both the more precisely-defined scope of the Directive on unfair B2C commercial practice, as well as the possibility of maintaining national derogations from the exhaustive list set out in detail concerning absolute prohibitions effective in all conditions. These issues concern the judgment of the Court of Justice in the Mediaprint Zeitungs- und Zeitschriftenverlag GmbH & Co KG case, in which it '...hereby rules, that the Directive must be interpreted as precluding a national provision, such as that at issue in the main proceedings, which lays down a general prohibition on sales with bonuses and is not only designed to protect consumers but also pursues other objectives.' It is desirable that those commercial practices which are in all circumstances unfair be identified to provide greater legal certainty. Lists of unfair clauses make it easier for traders, consumers, and courts or authorities to determine the meaning of the general clause. Member States may not adopt stricter rules than those provided for in the Directive, even in order to achieve a higher level of consumer protection. But the far-reaching consequence discussed in the paper justifies posing questions about the best level of consumer protection and which harmonization regime should be chosen for it.


Coatings on machined surfaces are generally found to degrade early, and this has been attributed to poor adhesion. Good adhesion normally requires blasting, but not all surfaces can be blast cleaned due to other functional requirements, such as seal (flange surface) or assembly (tightness of nuts). Our findings show that machined surfaces had poor resistance to cathodic disbonding and corrosion creep. Impact toughness was found on the average to be four times lower on machined surfaces than on blasted surfaces. Dry adhesion tests gave no discernable difference between machined and blasted surfaces. Wet adhesion testing, however, indicated that adhesion was strongly weakened on machined surfaces by permeation of water into the coating.


Piecewise linear differential equations of autonomous and nonautonomous types are ubiquitous systems modeling important nonlinear dynamical systems in physics and engineering. In particular, they have considerable relevance in the study of bifurcations and chaos in nonlinear electronics. Typical examples include the Chua's circuit, Murali-Lakshmanan-Chua circuit and the negative conductance forced series LCR circuit. In this article, we present a critical overview of some of these lower dimensional systems and show that they admit a wide variety of dynamical states including fixed points, limit cycles, bifurcations of different types to periodic orbits, quasiperiodic attractors, strange nonchaotic, chaotic and hyperchaotic attractors. The existence of these states is demonstrated using exact solutions and numerical analysis. These structures can also be demonstrated by experiments using electronic circuits. Controlling and synchronization in coupled arrays of such systems are also of great practical relevance. Finally we also discuss the bifurcation and chaos scenario in a typical piecewise linear scalar time delayed differential equation.


This paper presents a parallel program for assessing the codetermination of gene transcriptional states from large- scale simultaneous gene expression measurements with cDNA microarrays. The parallel program is based on a nonlinear statistical framework recently proposed for the analysis of gene interaction via multivariate expression arrays. Parallel computing is key in the application of the statistical framework to a large set of genes because a prohibitive amount of computer time is required on a classical single-CPU machine. Our parallel program, named the Parallel Analysis of Gene Expression (PAGE) program, exploits inherent parallelism exhibited in the proposed codetermination prediction models. By running PAGE on 64 processors in Beowulf, a clustered parallel system, an analysis of melanoma cDNA microarray expression data has been completed within 12 days of computer time, an analysis that would have required about one and half years on a single-CPU computing system. A data visualization program, named the Visualization of Gene Expression (VOGE) program, has been developed to help interpret the massive amount of quantitative information produced by PAGE. VOGE provides graphical data visualization and analysis tools with filters, histograms, and accesses to other genetic databanks for further analyses of the quantitative information.


Two novel organic base templated nonmetal borates [(CH3)2NH2]2[B5O6(OH)4]2·[HCON(CH3)2] (?) and [NH3CH2CH2NH3]2[B14O20(OH)6] (II) have been synthesized under hydrothermal conditions, and characterized by elemental analyses, FT-IR spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and TG-DTA. Their crystal structures were determined from single crystal X-ray diffraction. The crystal structure of compound I is characterized by forming a 3D supramolecular structure with large channels along axes b and c through OH···O hydrogen-bonding among the [B5O6(OH)4]− anions. The crystal structure of compound II is characterized by forming a 3D supramolecular structure with large channels along axis a and direction [111] through OH···O hydrogen-bonding among the [B14O20(OH)6]4− anions. The templating organic amine cations in I and II are both obtained through in situ hydrothermal reactions, and are both located in the channels of the 3D supramolecular structure, respectively. Their thermal behavior has been also investigated.


This paper reports on the Monte Carlo codes MORSE and MCNP used to calculate the tritium production from {approx} 14-MeV neutron reactions in a Li{sub 2}O assembly. Tritium production from neutron reactions with {sup 6} Li and {sup 7}Li nuclei were calculated along the central axis of a 0.60-m-diam {times} 0.60-m-long assembly and four additional assemblies where sheets of Type 304 stainless steel and polyethlene were placed in front of the Li{sub 2}O to simulate first-wall and coolant materials. The calculated data are compared with measured data. The calculated data reproduce the measured data in shape, but differ from the measured data by 10 to 20% in the case of {sup 6} Li and as much as 30% at some spatial locations for the {sup 7} Li tritium production.


This technique has helped us to achieve proximal control during stent graft explantation. A large Foley catheter is inserted through a disconnected limb of stent graft and placed in the suprarenal aorta. Inflation of the balloon provides proximal control (Fig 1). The proximal end of the stent graft is extracted from the aorta. If another graft is used, proximal anastomosis is carried out with the balloon inflated. To complete the anastomosis a second foley catheter is passed through a limb of the new graft (Fig 2). while the original catheter is deflated and removed, the second balloon is inflated in the suprarenal aorta (Fig 3) and the anastomosis completed.

Figure 1

A Foley catheter is inserted through the stent graft and placed in the suprarenal aorta, after which the balloon is inflated.

Figure 2

A second foley catheter is passed through a limb of the new graft.

Figure 3

The original catheter is deflated and removed, and the second balloon is inflated in the suprarenal aorta.


Does an iPad Change the Experience? A Look at Mother-Child Book Reading Interactions Kathryn L. MacKay Education Inquiry, Measurement, and Evaluation, BYU Doctorate of Philosophy Researchers have long argued the importance of shared book reading and its potential impact on future reading growth. With the increasing popularity of e-books and the introduction of interactive iPad books, more and more parents are sharing books with their children in digital format. This may have a direct impact on the nature of the interactions that occur during young children's early book sharing experiences. This multiple-case study examined the nature of the interactions between six mother-child dyads as they read a story on an iPad compared with the interactions that happened during a traditional book reading. A coding system was developed to categorize behaviors during the reading sessions. The categories included (a) meaning talk, (b) text and print talk, (c) technology talk, and (d) the nature of the affective climate. The results of this study indicate that mother-child traditional read-alouds and digital iPad read-alouds are different experiences. During digital readings there was an increase in the number of vocabulary-related (a subcategory of meaning) interactions but a decrease in the number of interactions related to text and print. The results also showed that as the dyad shared a digital storybook, they engaged in many interactions about the technological elements of the iPad texts, which may be important to the development of digital literacies in young children. The findings also indicate that a child is more engaged with digital texts than with traditional texts, which is important because engagement is an essential component in literacy development. However, sometimes the child's increased engagement with the digital texts resulted in both members of the dyad being less sensitive to the other. Digital storybook reading is a relatively new experience for many parents and thus, they may not know how to interact with their children in ways that promote the development of traditional and digital literacies.


Abstract SeeSys is a system embodying a technique for visualizing statistics associated with code that is divided hierarchically into subsystems, directories and files. This technique can display the relative sizes of the components in the system, the relative stability of the components, the location of new functionality and the location of error-prone code with many bug fixes. Using animation, it can display the historical evolution of the code. Applying this technique, the source code from a multi-million line production software product is visualized.


The first user will be described functionality for the selectable sound item. The first user, to transmit the sound item to the second device operated by a second user may use the first device. When the activation event occurs, sound item selected by the first user by the second device, may be presented to the second user. The first device and the second device may correspond to two devices in an instant messaging (IM) system. By another exemplary feature, the first source sound item a new speech item by the user to adjust the size location and / or (e.g. width) of the graphical selection unit presented via the graphical display of the source sound item It can be selected from, for explaining the functionality. .FIELD 1


INTRODUCTION: Sepsis is a major health problem, similar to acute myocardial infarction (AMI), cerebrovascular accident (stroke) and polytrauma. Mortality reaches an alarming number, affecting 25% of the patients, in addition to high costs, since the patients affected need sophisticated equipment and continuous assistance of a multiprofessional team. Its early recognition and appropriate treatment are key factors in changing this scenario. Therefore, the implementation of protocols is an important tool in this context, helping institutions to standardize septic patient care, reducing negative outcomes and providing better treatment effectiveness (COREN-SP, 2016) (DELLINGER et al., 2016). OBJECTIVE: This study aims to evaluate the use of the sepsis protocol in a hospital unit. METHODOLOGY: This was a cross-sectional, retrospective study, a quantitative descriptive documentary study performed in a medium-sized hospital with high complexity, in the interior of Goias. A total of 441 sepsis protocols were evaluated, with protocols completed from opening to closing, from August / 2016 to May / 2017. And, medical records that did not contain sepsis protocols or that were outside the established period for data collection were excluded. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: Among the patients studied, the female gender prevailed (58%). Age ranged from 13 to 109 years. The sector where the opening took place stood out the Emergency Room (81%). The Nurse was present in 7.5%. The most frequent warning sign was heart rate> 90 bpm where it was presented by 335 patients. The most prevalent outbreak was pneumonia (42.8%). Several tokens were found with ignored checkboxes. The nurse is the professional with great responsibility for identifying and understanding the clinical manifestations caused by sepsis. Therefore, the care plan is extremely necessary. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: The results of this study contribute to improve the perception of health professionals about the sepsis protocol, as it reveals data pertinent to the evaluation of the use of this protocol in a medium-sized hospital unit in Goias. It was possible to evidence a low adherence in the correct filling of the protocol, which can be improved with permanent education of the multiprofessional team. Concomitantly, the publication of new studies about the sepsis protocol is of paramount importance for the elucidation of its use in hospital units, as well as its dissemination. Considering that the purpose of the sepsis protocol is to assist the institutions in the standardization of septic patient care, reducing negative outcomes and providing better treatment effectiveness. The study made it possible to show that with the correct use of the protocol, nurses can base their decision making on the production of care. Therefore, the care plan for these changes is extremely necessary. The results of the study indicate the need for scientific deepening focusing on patients admitted to ICUs of general hospitals, preferably multicentric and with orientation of timely collection of cultures in the first hour of sepsis treatment.


Overtime, protection of fishing nets was sought by dipping in hot pine tar. The tars were effective because their constituents were toxic to microbial growth including the protection of fibre from moisture penetration, thereby retarding microbial growth. Probably, these stimulated the quest for surface treatment of natural fibres for composite utilization. In the current work, the use of age-long hand lay-up method was adopted in the production of oil palm empty fruit bunch reinforced polyester composites for the study of effect of fibre loading and silane treatment on the flexural properties for loss prevention and reliability in process selection for sustainable development. The result showed that flexural strength values of both green and treated fibre composites increased with increased fibre content, but started to drop after 40% loading. The effect of silane treatment as overcoming the inherent limitations of the fibres was significant. The issues of wettability preceding 40% fibre content as influencing the flexural properties was established, especially for the use of intended applications in automobile, building and packaging industries.


Abstract : A novel circuit employing a combination of inductive and capacitive elements designed to excite a double discharge grid-type TEA CO2 laser is described. The electrical and amplification characteristics of the excited medium have been measured. Small-signal gain coefficients up to 0.025/cm were achieved with an electrical energy density of 100 mJ/cc being supplied to the discharge. (Author)


Estimates This package includes the supporting materials to reproduce the results shown in the paper "Characterising the Alteration in the AP Distribution with the RSS Distance and the Position Estimates" accepted in the Ninth International Conference on Indoor Positioning and Indoor Navigation (IPIN 2018). Organisations: Electrical Engineering People: Torres-Sospedra, J. (Creator), , Mendoza-Silva, G. M. (Creator), Lohan, E. (Creator), Huerta, J. (Creator) Publisher: Zenodo Date made available: 4 Jul 2018 DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.1305414 Dataset


The study examined the farming practices and livelihood status of farm households in seven districts of Southern Bangladesh. Majority of the farmers in non-saline and saline areas followed the cropping pattern of Fallow – Aman rice – Pulses and Fallow – Aman rice – Fallow, respectively. Cropping intensity was higher in non-saline areas (220.0%) compared to saline areas (101.7%). Profitability of major crops was much higher in non-saline areas compared to saline areas. Based on the poverty indicators, the proportion of deprived households was 41.7 and 56.0% in non-saline and saline areas, respectively. The study recommended that in saline areas, rain water reservoirs should be developed in cooperative way and availability of electricity use should be facilitated to use light irrigation pumps in the crop field from the nearest fresh water reservoir. In addition, canal reform should be done and leasing arrangement of water canals should be stopped to get farmers' access for irrigation purpose. Moreover, salt-tolerant and short duration pulse and wheat should be introduced in order to improve livelihood of saline farm households in Bangladesh.


The authors study the phase diagram and transitions of an isotropic Heisenberg spin system on a windmill lattice, and identify at finite temperature an emergent critical phase with algebraic order. This algebraic order is established by both a renormalization-group and an equivalent geometric analysis of the effective low-energy nonlinear sigma model.


The regulation of hot-water heating boiler is discussed to meet the demand for heating as well as saving fuel and electricity.


The freezing resistances of three Diospyros species and three cultivars of D. kaki were evalu- ated by survival of twigs and electrolyte leakage from the tissues after freezing treatments. Dormant 1-year-old twigs were cooled from -5° to -5°- 30°C within 5 hr, maintained at each temperature for 5 hr and thawed gradually to 5°C for 5 hr. The twigs soaked in water were held for 20 days under 20°C to determine recovery.The hardiest species during the coldest period of the season was D. lotus followed by D. kaki, and the least hardy was D. taitoensis which is distributed in subtropical Taiwan. The critical low temperatures that did not injure the plants were -10°C for D. taitoensis, -15°C for D. kaki and -20°C for D. lotus; the temperatures at which half of the test twigs was killed (LT50) were - 12°, -20° and -25°C, respectively. Their electrolyte leakage at LT50 ranged from 25 to 28%.Among three cultivars of D. kaki, Eiratanenashi' which is native to the northern region of Japan, was most tolerant to freezing during mid-winter ("true freezing resistance"), however, it was the most sensitive to freezing before cold acclimation in early autumn and after cold acclimation in spring.Starch hydrolyzed to sugars in twigs of three cultivars of D. kaki under natural conditions during mid-winter. A close relation was found between the freezing resistance, evaluated by electrolyte leakage from twig cells, and anthocyanin in the cortical tissues. Anthocyanin con- tents in cortical tissues reached a maximum in mid-February; the pigment levels tended to increase when plants were exposed to -10°- 30°C which were below the ambient tem- perature. Moreover, anthocyanin contents in the cortex decreased, and the twigs became less hardy by the deacclimation treatment during the coldest part of the season. Conversely, twigs under the chilling treatment before cold acclimation in early autumn became hardy; the change was accompanied by an elevation of anthocyanin content.


Health monitoring systems based on Internet-of-things (IoT) have been recently introduced to improve the quality of health care services. However, the number of advanced IoT-based continuous glucose monitoring systems is small and the existing systems have several limitations. In this paper we study feasibility of invasive and continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) system utilizing IoT based approach. We designed an IoT-based system architecture from a sensor device to a back-end system for presenting real-time glucose, body temperature and contextual data (i.e. environmental temperature) in graphical and human-readable forms to end-users such as patients and doctors. In addition, nRF communication protocol is customized for suiting to the glucose monitoring system and achieving a high level of energy efficiency. Furthermore, we investigate energy consumption of the sensor device and design energy harvesting units for the device. Finally, the work provides many advanced services at a gateway level such as a push notification service for notifying patient and doctors in case of abnormal situations (i.e. too low or too high glucose level). The results show that our system is able to achieve continuous glucose monitoring remotely in real-time. In addition, the results reveal that a high level of energy efficiency can be achieved by applying the customized nRF component, the power management unit and the energy harvesting unit altogether in the sensor device. c © 2017 The Authors. Published by E sevier B.V. i ilit f t f re ce r ra hairs.


The major purpose of a land tax in a development program is to mobilize the surplus in the agricultural sector and transfer it to the developing (i. e., industrializing) sectors of the economy. Mr. Lindholm's allegation of the "similarity of tax policy"2 between the United States and Japan during their respective periods of rapid industrialization must be qualified. It is true that the Meiji land taxation program in the last two decades of the nineteenth century provided such a transfer mechanism. 3 However, unlike the United States experience, the receipts went to the national government and were allocated by it. In the United States land taxation was applied and its receipts allocated by lower-level governmental units.


A 37-year-old female with "transformed" migraine was referred by a neurologist for continued follow-up consequent to that physician's retirement. The patient's history, examination, and accompanying medical records were notable only for certain elements contained in the last; she had had multiple EEGs performed in the past (all with normal results), and she had undergone thermography (Figure) as part of her diagnostic evaluation. Although the Quality Standards Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology has determined that EEG is of no utility in headache diagnosis, many clinicians persist in ordering that test even when the headache patient describes no symptoms even faintly suggestive of epilepsy.1 Thermography is another beast altogether; one may evaluate headache patients for years without encountering a thermogram, and it can be a bit unsettling when a copy of this unfamiliar image emerges from the thick pile of records toted to clinic by the "complicated" patient. Thermography involves the use of an infrared camera to portray photographically the body's surface temperatures, and there in fact exists a fairly extensive literature concerning the utility of thermography for headache diagnosis. Some investigators have described a distinctive pattern of thermography in migraineurs that may or may not vanish following successful treatment of the individual's headaches. Other investigators have focused on the nature and occurrence of transient changes in the thermographic pattern that may accompany acute migraine attacks. Regardless, the current consensus regarding thermography's role in headache perhaps has been summarized best by Robert Davidoff: ". . . the merits of thermography in the diagnosis or management of patients with migraine remain to be demonstrated."2


Objiective: To summarize the experiences of diagnosis and management of the cardiac tamponade complicating cardiac interventional therapy. Methods: The clinic characteristics of the cardiac tamponade were analyzed in patients undertaking cardiac radiofrequency catheter ablation, PTCA and interventional therapies for ASD. Results: Eighteen patients underwent interventional procedures had cardiac tampanade. Nine of the 18 patients were caused by radiofrequency catheter ablation, 5 by PTCA and 3 by transcatheter ASD closure. Three of the 18 patients died. Conclusion: Cardiac tamponde occurs instantly during and late after the interventional procedures for heart disease. It associated with difficulties in manipulating the catheter or guide-wire in the majority of cases. To reduce the complication incidence, caution must be taken in manipulating catheter or guide-wire while performing cardiac interventional procedures. It should be recognized early and treated early and correctly. Pericardiocentesis is the treatment of choice once cardiac tamponade was confirmed. It is necessary to undergo pericardial incision through thoracotomy immediately when pericardiocentesis was unsuccessful.


Autonomous mini-buses are low-cost passenger vehicles that travel along designated routes in industrial parks. In order to achieve this goal, it is necessary to implement functionalities such as lane-keeping and obstacle avoidance. To address the challenge of deploying deep learning algorithms to detect environmental information on low-performance computing units, which leads to difficulties in model deployment and the inability to meet real-time requirements, a lightweight algorithm called YOLOP-E based on the YOLOP algorithm is proposed. (The letter 'E' stands for EfficientNetV2, and YOLOP-E represents the optimization of the entire algorithm by replacing the backbone of the original model with EfficientNetV2.) The algorithm has been optimized and improved in terms of the following three aspects: Firstly, the YOLOP backbone network is reconstructed using the lightweight backbone network EfficientNet-V2, and depth-wise separable convolutions are used instead of regular convolutions. Secondly, a hybrid attention mechanism called CABM is employed to enhance the model's feature-representation capability. Finally, the Focal EIoU and Smoothed Cross-Entropy loss functions are utilized to improve detection accuracy. YOLOP-E is the final result after the aforementioned optimizations are completed. Experimental results demonstrate that on the BDD100K dataset, the optimized algorithm achieves a 3.5% increase in mAP50 and a 4.1% increase in mIoU. During real-world vehicle testing, the detection rate reaches 41.6 FPS, achieving the visual perception requirements of the autonomous shuttle bus while maintaining a lightweight design and improving detection accuracy.


Dorota WOJDA Jagiellonian University (Krakow) The Varieties of Victimisation in Andrzej Kuśniewicz's Writing The victimology perspective assumed for the purpose hereof (R. Elias, T.D. Miethe, R.F. Meier) shows that the relationship between the victim and the lawbreaker is dynamic and that the modern culture discovers as much as indicates an alternation of their roles. Among the different varieties of victimisation in Andrzej Kuśniewicz's writing, I selected two of its variants for the purpose of my description. The first is a parodical vision in Korupcja where the sacrificial threads become trivialised, as the incipient instincts of power and will to survive are uncovered there. The second is a sophisticated analysis from Lekcja martwego jezyka where violence is an instance of practising an ecstatic philosophy. These two texts, when juxtaposed, show a dual nature of victimisation as attested by Kuśniewicz: banal and perverse facets of a misdemeanour consisting it making a victim out of someone. In light of both novels in question, victimisation is a pragmatic action undertaken in defence of a discourse (as in Korupcja) or in order to realise it (Lekcja ...).


Deep level transient spectroscopy was used to study the defects introduced during ion beam sputter deposition of Mo Schottky barrier devices on n‐type Si. It was found that the sputter‐induced defects in wafers annealed at 950 °C before sputter deposition were different from those in wafers that were annealed at 450 °C before sputter deposition. Hence, it was concluded that identical premetallization annealing should be done when comparing defects introduced by different processes.


Abstract To characterize the mesenteric α1- and α2-adrenoceptor populations in newborn piglets, an extracorporeal circuit was established to control intestinal blood flow in 0- to 2-day old and 10- to 14-day old animals. In both groups, α-adrenoceptor activation was first documented by observing dose-dependent increases in mesenteric perfusion pressure after intramesenteric arterial injection of α-adrenoceptor agonists. In the 10-to 14-day old piglets, mesenteric vasoconstrictor responses to α1-adrenoceptor agonists (methoxamine and norepinephrine) and an α2-adrenoceptor agonist (BHT-933) were each blunted (P