This research aimed to know how the management of character education in Integrated Islamic Boarding School. This research used qualitative approach,  the techniques of the data collection are by conducting interview, observation, and documentation. The data is obtained from the principal of Students' Affairs, Teachers, and the chief of students Association of Raudhatul Ulum.The data analyzed by using content analysis technique. Based on the research result, it can be concluded that 1) The planning of character education in SMA IT Raudhatul Ulum through the meetings of school administrators and teachers who discuss formal and informal daily, mounthly and annual school program based on the National Education Curriculum, JSIT curriculum, and Islamic Boarding Curriculum; 2) Organizing character education is carried out by school under the primary responsibility of vice principal of curriculum and students affairs; 3) The form of implementation is by developing a curriculum consisting of integration in learning school programs, habituation and example; 4) Controlling is carried out by all elements in the school, both daily, weekly, monthly and annual activities. The form of evaluation is through the meeting of all teachers ang school administrators, monthly report of school administrator and report book.


Recent destructive earthquakes have clearly shown that near-surface geological and topographical conditions play a major role in the level of ground shaking. In post-disaster reconstruction as in mitigation, information on soft soil response to large earthquakes becomes of prime importance. The mapping of predominant frequency of resonance and amplification of soil permits identification of zones at risk in seismic-prone areas. It can be used as a tool for prevention planning and retrofitting measures and also to define safety zones for reconstruction after a destructive earthquake. In the framework of a seismic risk study of the island of Montreal (Canada), a methodology for seismic zoning in urban areas is validated. It is based on field investigations coupled with numerical modelling.


Nanometer particle Al 2O 3 catalysts with different structure were prepared by improved sol gel method.Catalytic activity of different nanometer Al 2O 3 was investigated through reaction of benzoic anhydride and n octyl alcohol to form n DOP on A1 2O 3 catalyst. Influence of reaction temperature and time on conversion and activity was investigated.It was shown that the difference in catalytic property of nanometer Al 2O 3 was caused by the difference in preparation condition,which influenced the composition and structure of precursor of nanometer Al 2O 3 Reaction conversion increases with temperature.Activity of nanometer Al 2O 3 increases with temperature evidently in lower temperature range but unevidently in higher temperature range.At higher temperature the activity decreases rapidly with time.


Graphene has emerged as a new class of material in materials science communities in the past few years [1-4]. Discovering excellent properties of graphene and the introduction of new methods to prepare graphene have resulted in significant progress in finding numerous new applications [2-4]. Exploring new methods for mass production of monolayer carbon sheet has made it possible to formulate graphene-based materials [5-6]. Being one of the thinnest and strongest materials with exceptionally high electron mobility and heat conductivity, graphene makes an excellent filler to hybridize with other matrix materials to form composites possessing unique properties [7]. As such, graphene oxide and reduced graphene sheets have attracted significant attention as filler for polymer nanocomposites that are finding diverse applications [8-10]. However, the production of high performance and costeffective polymer-graphene composites is still a challenge mainly because of the difficulties associated with exfoliation of graphite flakes into monoor few-layer graphene sheets and uniform dispersion of graphene into polymers [7-10]. Although a remarkable progress has been made in the production of chemically derived graphene sheets [5-6], the incorporation of graphene into polymeric media with fine dispersion and acceptable interfacial bonding is not straightforward [9-10]. Therefore, simple, effective and environment-friendly methods for the production of polymer-graphene composites are in need of development.


Contamination control in fluid power system is a challenge due to the fact that it has been one of the major reasons of wear, failure, and the related downtime. A novel hydraulic oil purifier proposed in this study is considered to be capable of removing the solid particle contaminant, moisture, and gas simultaneously, which consists of two parts: hydrocyclone separator and rotating packed bed (i.e. Higee). A hydrocyclone separator used to be applied to chemical industry is tried to be designed according to experiential parameters in a typical fluid power system for the first time. And then, the mathematical model of the hydrocyclone separator has been established. The distribution of the hydraulic oil and solid particles in swirling flow field inside the base hydrocyclone separator has been simulated with the help of computational fluid dynamics software Fluent. The effects of the cone angle and cylindrical length on the separation performance of the hydrocyclone separator have been subsequently investigated. Based on the simulation results, the hydrocyclone separator with 25° cone angle and 60 mm cylindrical length has been considered as the most satisfied configuration. Simulation analysis of the optimal configuration flow field reflects a relatively pleasant solid–liquid separation performance considered to be beneficial to controlling the contamination level of fluid power system. The research outcome will lay a foundation for the development of the new hydraulic oil purifier proposed in this study.


Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) are dynamic and reactive systems interacting with processes, environment and, sometimes, humans. They are often distributed with sensors and actuators, smart, adaptive, predictive and react in real-time. Indeed, as sight for human beings, image- and video-processing pipelines are a prime source for environmental information for systems allowing them to take better decisions according to what they see. Therefore, in FitOptiVis we are developing novel methods and tools to integrate complex image and video processing pipelines. FitOptiVis aims to deliver a reference architecture for describing and optimizing quality and resource management for imaging and video pipelines in CPS both at design- and run-time. The architecture is concretized in low-power, high-performance, smart components, and in methods and tools for combined design-time and run-time multi-objective optimization and adaptation within system and environment constraints.


Abstract In this paper, we outline the use of Raman spectroscopy coupled with scanning confocal optical microscopy for determining the microstructural location of impurities in ice-core specimens. We also demonstrate how the orientations of grains and the misorientations across grain boundaries can be determined to high precision for ice polycrystals using either selected area channeling patterns or electron backscatter patterns in a scanning electron microscope.


The history of cultural exchange between China and Japan is long.In pro-modern times,Japan always took China as an example,studied Chinese civilization actively to promote its development.In the modern age,the cultural exchange field between China and Japan appears a reverse.China takes Japan as an example to seek a saving nation's way.Japan,on the other hand,takes China as an enemy and carries out a cultural invasion as a first sign of invading war.In this way,it formed an interaction relationship of study and invasion in cultural exchange field between China and Japan.


We proposed a portable online Raman detection system with all fiber components, by inserting two large-diameter optical fibers respectively into each end of the inner metal-coated capillary for Raman excitation and signal collection simultaneously. The all fiber structure not only could enhance the interaction length between the excitation beam and the detecting material, but also provide a very effective Raman signal collection mechanism. Furthermore, in our proposed setup, the output fiber is bent back to the input side and form a Sagnac loop. Both inserted fibers act as the input port as well as the output port for the transmission and reflection mode simultaneously. With the combination of both modes and both beam directions, the Raman signal could be roughly enhanced 4 times. The result of theoretical modelling and the experimental measurement confirm that this portable all fiber detection system is a very effective way for Raman excitation and signal detection, which could be widely used for liquid and gas online detection system.


Abstract The order parameters of a number of novel 2-aryl-l,4-naphthoquinone dyes dissolved in a mixed cyanobiphenyl-terphenyl nematic liquid crystal system (Type E43, B.D.H. Chemicals Ltd.) have been determined. Observed values range from 0.80 to 0.09, and can be interpreted qualitatively by consideration of the w-dipole moment and transition moment directions of the dyes calculated by the PPP-SCF-CI MO method.


This presentation was given in conjunction with the Air Quality presentation by Martin Williams at the 7th Annual South East Public Health Conference. The focus is on air quality in Sussex, how an inventory was taken to determine air quality in the area and planning to improve air quality.


Veteran athletes Peter Field, Bruce Charles and Dave Barrington helped launch Age Concern's 'age equality contract' at Westminster last week. The charity is challenging ministers to draw up an action plan on how to end age discrimination in five areas, with health services among them.


Malakoplakia is an uncommon chronic granulomatous inflammatory disease with a distinctive microscopic pattern. It rarely affects the gastrointestinal system and has rarely been reported involving the ileum. No association with Crohn's disease has been documented to date. We report the case of an asymptomatic 70-year-old woman with Crohn's disease in remission and de novo Malakoplakia developing in the last centimeters of the terminal ileum. Follow-up colonoscopy after withdrawal of mercaptopurine therapy and prolonged ciprofloxacin with vitamin C treatment revealed endoscopic and histological improvement


The fifth generation of mobile cellular networks, 5G, is designed to support a set of new use cases and requirements, e.g. concerning quality of service or security. Using the virtualization technologies and the concept of network slicing, the 5G network operators will be able to provide specific connectivity capabilities in order to support these various use cases. Each network slice can be dedicated to a 3rd party (i.e., any business actor that is not the network operator), and be designed to fit its requirements.However, although network slices can be designed by enabling or disabling certain network functions, the Authentication and Access Control (AAC) mechanisms remain the same for all slices, with tightly coupled network components.This thesis proposes 5G-SSAAC (5G Slice-Specific AAC), as an initial step to introduce a more loosely coupled design into the whole 5G network architecture. 5G-SSAAC enables 5G networks to provide various AAC mechanisms to the 3rd parties according to their security requirements. To assess this innovative mechanism, the thesis analyses the consequences of using the 5G-SSAAC on the security of the whole 5G system. The feasibility of the 5G-SSAAC is also presented with the implementation of a fully virtualized mobile network through an OAI (Open Air Interface) based testbed. This work finally evaluates the impact of 5G-SSAAC mechanism on the network load considering the anticipated number of AAC signalling messages compared to the existing AAC mechanisms in cellular networks.


Geophysical data is an asset which is bought and sold within the oil and gas industry. As such, the original acquirers of the data possess "trading rights" derived from its ownership status that acts much like a copyright of a book. In addition, geophysical data can be considered as a competitive asset much like secret information. When dealing with seismic data, both aspects must be considered. Some third party seismic data licensing agreements can be quite liberal and at the same time quite restrictive regarding how a specific data set can be shared in a dataroom setting. Partnered data can also be governed by other industry documents such as a CA, an Area of Mutual Interest (AMI) or a Joint Operating Agreement (JOA). Records management is an essential precursor to knowing what may impact or impede a desire to show geophysical data. Some key questions to ask prior to setting up a dataroom will be discussed in this paper such as: What data ownership classes are involved in describing the asset to be sold? What third party agreements (AMIs, JOAs ) may restrict disclosure? What third party seismic licensing agreements may restrict disclosure? What do these documents say? With respect to geophysical data, what activity will be permitted in the dataroom, an interpretation or a review? Will the visiting party be left alone with a workstation in the room or will someone be driving the workstation for them? How is "direct control" to be maintained?


In this paper,we establish a mathematical model about the variable rate of the snail on the unit area,and model some of the parameters of two different points to solve the situation.Mathematic mathematical software reuse a variety of solutions of the model reference given to the actual numerical simulation,and control measures through snail mortality under the different values,the corresponding analog graphics,according to graph the effects of different control measures under the changes in the number of snails.


Introduction: Increasing experiences in determining the indication for UKA and improvements in design and materials of the prosthesis led to better results. The AMC-Uniglide has an unconstrained mobile bearing with congruent area contact. This ensures complete freedom to rotate and slide upon one other with physiologic kinematic and low intrinsic stability. Material and Methods: Minimal-invasive technique 30 patients with minimal-invasive AMC-Uniglide implantation technique were compared with 30 conventional implanted AMC's and 30 total knee replacements in regard to rehabilitation and accuracy of implantation. 361AMC-Uniglides 361 consecutive patients were investigated after AMC-Uniglide implantation. The mean duration of follow-up was 5.5 (2.3-12.5) years. Patients were reviewed using the American Knee Society Rating System. The roentgenographic analyses were performed with the American Knee Society Evaluation System. Results: Minimal-invasive technique The comparison of 30 minimal-invasive UKA with 30 conventional UKA and 30 total knee replacements show an advantage of minimal invasive technique with regard to a reduced time of rehabilitation. The accuracy of implantation was comparable between the conventional and the minimal-invasive technique. 361 AMC-Uniglides Ninety-five percent of patients had no pain or slight pain at the latest follow-up, ninety-two percent had good or excellent clinical outcome. Three knees were revised for mobile bearing dislocation after medial UCA and three for lateral mobile bearing dislocation after lateral UCA. Five revisions because of component loosening were performed and there was one case of deep infection. Conclusion: The clinical results of the investigated patients demonstrate that the AMC-Uniglide is a successful concept with a safe anchorage of the prosthesis and a good durability of the mobile bearings. An advantage of minimal invasive technique with regard to a reduced time of rehabilitation was found. The accuracy of implantation was comparable between the conventional and the minimal-invasive technique.


The conditions of knowledge‐based economy force traditional multiagent systems in enterprises to search for new structural solutions, clustering business, science, and the public sector. Thirty‐five years ago, a classic determination of the man–machine system as the subject of ergonomic research evolved to multiagent systems typical of ergonomics of the third generation (macroergonomics). It determined premises of technology and organization. Now the situation seems similar: Transferring research (subject and methodology) and applications to the level of business clusters represents a new challenge for ergonomics. In this article some findings of the search for effective clusters in the Wielkopolska region are presented. The research was based on meetings with representatives of local communities and with experts from outside the scientific team and analysis of questionnaires sent to 226 local governments to identify enterprises doing business in particular districts. The authors' interest was about clusters that can gain a competitive advantage in the region, Poland, and the European Union. The results have been obtained by implementing the Delphi method. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.


Our goal is to develop a general passive wrist structure for a robot manipulator. It can change its d.o.f. of passivity to adapt various states of contact between a work and environment. For this goal, we have to have a clutch / brake device which is compact and light. There are several clutch mechanism such as electromagnetic clutch, MR (Magnetorheological) clutch, etc. But these clutches use electromagnetic force to generate friction or shearing force. So they require copper wire coils, metal part, etc. which is large and heavy. In this study, we adopt jamming effect device to develop a clutch. Jamming effect device does not require electromagnetic force and it allows to put power source to generate gripping force outside. So we think it can be compact and light. Compactness and lightness are advantage of our clutch. One disadvantage of this clutch is that there exist some resistant force when this clutch is unlocked. When the shaft rotates, blade should move through the powder. So some resistant force should be generated.


We report on radial dose distributions D(r) for carbon ions calculated with Geant4-DNA code. These distributions characterize ion tracks on a nanoscale and are important for understanding the biological effects of ion beams. We present data for carbon ion beams in the energy range from 20 to 400 MeV u−1. To approximate the Monte Carlo results, we developed a simple formula that combines the well-known inverse square distance dependence with a factor correcting D(r) for small r. The proposed formula can be used to calculate D(r) for any energy within the above range and for distances r from 1 nm to 2 μm with a maximum error not exceeding 14%. This range of distances corresponds to a dose range of over seven orders of magnitude. Differences between our results and those of previously published analytical models are discussed.


ABSTRACT The research is accomplished by measuring the workload of officers of HCGS Division in PT HGS.  This measurement will be used for determining the man power required by each position. Based on initial observation, there is imbalance workload distribution among the employees leads to the low employee productivity. Therefore, the workload analysis is needed to find the appropriate workload allocation among employees. The productivity is analyzed by measuring work load and Full Time Equivalent (FTE) standardization using 17 positions of HCGS Division and the expert officer as sample. The employee FTE is compared to the company's FTE and gap analysis is done. Gap will be classified using FTE Index. Next, the unbalance workload will be minimized by determining the man power of each position. Several alternatives of man power planning are provided by analyzing the advantages and disadvantages of each alternative. The result of this study is to provide the best strategy for reducing the unbalance of workload.


Intravenous therapy is a routine nursing task in any hospital. It has become a major component of patient care. However, the placement of an intravenous cannula can have undesirable effects, the most common of which is phlebitis. Nurses should be aware of the appropriate interventions to facilitate comfort for the patients on intravenous therapy and take measures to reduce such complications. In this study, Quasi experimental (Non equivalent pre test post test control group) research design was used and 80 patients with phlebitis were taken by using purposive sampling technique. 40 patients were included in experimental group & 40 in control group. Ethical considerations were followed during the research study. Pre test was done by assessing the grade of phlebitis with Visual infusion phlebitis scale in both groups on 1st day and hot application was provided for 15 minutes twice a day for 3 days in the experimental group. After that post test was done in both groups on 3rd day. The result showed that the mean pre test grade of phlebitis in experimental & control group were 2.02 ±0.61and 1.32 ± 0.47 respectively. The mean post test grade of phlebitis in experimental & control group were 0.95 ± 0.59 and 1.5 ± 0.71 respectively. In experimental group, there was significant (tcal7.9015 at p<0.05) difference between mean pre test and mean post test grade of phlebitis as compared to control group. Hence, it is concluded that hot application had significant effect on phlebitis among patients on intravenous therapy.


In this note, we consider the opposition of two mechanisms for blocking-onset in a somewhat different way from Dong and Colucci (2007). We assume a region of localized confluence and diffluence, which is caused by a disturbance. The disturbance consists of a localized potential vorticity pair in a basic westerly flow. We introduce a unit vector P, which lies in the direction from negative to positive potential vorticity center of the pair. The westerly flow is accelerated (or decelerated) by two forcing terms, advection term and deformation term. The former is the advection of disturbance potential vorticity gradient vector by the westerly basic flow. The latter is the deformation of planetary vorticity gradient vector by the disturbance deformation matrix. In which direction these two terms accelerate or decelerate the westerly flow, it is dependent on the orientation of P. In any case, the advection and deformation terms are anti-parallel to each other and tend to cancel each other. The advection term dominates over the deformation term for a disturbance of relatively short scale. On the other hand, the deformation term dominates over the advection term for a disturbance of relatively long scale.


The interframe transform coding has been seldom used in practice because of the considerable computational complexity. To reduce the computational complexity, a fast algorithm is proposed which reduces the number of operations by limiting the calculation of transform coefficients without significant quality degradation. Different modes of transformation are performed according to frame difference. This proposed fast interframe coding, like the MPEG, has an asymmetric property with decoding being much faster than encoding. Computer simulations show that this fast algorithm can significantly reduce the computational burden in interframe transform coding and is even faster than MPEG-like coding.


An environment-friendly antimicrobial mortar is provided to have antibacterial, antifungal, and deodorant characteristics, decompose and remove a polluter of a sick house syndrome, and improve a residential environment. An environment-friendly antimicrobial mortar is obtained by mixing 60-80 wt% of sand with 20-40 wt% of a binder to produce a mixture(a), and blending the mixture(a), effective microorganisms(b), and water(c). The effective microorganism comprises a mixture of one or more selected from photosynthetic bacteria, aerobic bacteria, bioactive materials, yeast, and lactobacilli. The effective microorganism is mixed in an amount of 1-20wt% based on 100 wt% of the water.


BACKGROUND
A novel approach for regulated bioanalytical sample preparation has been developed to combine multiple types of extraction techniques into one integrated and automated sample-preparation suite that pairs a graphical user interface with the Hamilton Microlab(®) STAR robotic liquid handler.

RESULTS
The multi-assay sample-preparation suite is composed of three bioanalytical extraction techniques: protein precipitation, solid-phase extraction and liquid-liquid extraction. Validation data provided highly reproducible and robust results for each respective automated extraction technique.

CONCLUSION
The user-friendly graphical user interface and modular method design provide a flexible and versatile approach for routine bioanalytical sample-preparation and is the first fully integrated multiple assay sample-preparation suite for regulated bioanalysis.


The aim of this work is to outline the development of a vampire portrayal in AngloAmerican Literature. The thesis will work with the literary and mythological roots of a vampire figure. The next step will be to describe the strongly negative characteristics of vampire figure in Gothic literature of the 19th century. An analysis of a positive and relatively modern (the last century) portrayal of a vampire figure in Anglo-American literature will follow. Another important goal of the thesis is to analyse the reasons for the revolutionary shift in vampire portrayal. keywords: Anglo-American literature, Gothic novel, vampires.


The routine life style is full of stress and very hectic schedule wherein many educated people suffer due to lack of proper nutrition. It is essential to incorporate few highly nutritious food recopies in our daily diet, which can be conveniently consumed. An attempt was made to prepare nutritious and delicious drink out of Water melon, lemon, Cauliflower leaves and Mint along with various adjuncts. The pulp obtained after the extraction of the juices was used to formulate a digestive pill by incorporation of sugar, salt and powder of various fruit seeds like, Jamun, pomegranate and Amla. The nutritious drink was named as Emerlad drink and digestive pill was called Ruby Gola. Both these products were prepared and analyzed for their physico-chemical properties and microbiological status. The results were very much encouraging with respect to their aesthetic value. The panel members comprising of 25 selected subjects were used for the sensory evaluation of the products. The products have good nutritive value particularly with respect to Vitamin C and mineral iron. Clinically both these parameters play important role in relieving the stress and indicate better dietary value of the products.


The process used to fabricate graphene field effect transistors(FETs)was optimized.Pretreatment of the targeted substrate,graphene transfer,metal deposition,graphene etching and annealing are all important factors in the fabrication process.The density of silanol groups and the size of the hydrocarbon on the surface of a substrate also influence the properties of the resulting devices.Metal deposition also can induce defects in graphene.Compared with thermal evaporation,sputtering induces a large amount of disorder in graphene,which degrades its properties.In addition,the method of graphene transfer,on-the-metal or under-the-metal graphene,influences its properties.In our experiments,the contact resistivity of on-the-metal graphene was 1.1× 104Ω·μm,while that of under-the-metal graphene was 2.4×105Ω·μm.RF and microwave plasma systems were used to etch graphene.Microwave plasma etching caused the photoresist on graphene to carbonize,and made it very difficult to remove with acetone.After fabrication,samples were annealed in a reducing(H2 /Ar) atmosphere to remove residues adsorbed on the graphene surface and improve device properties.


The thin- layer cutting tests at different front- angles of the aluminum alloy were made on the HY-025 fine turning machine. By using the NACE-10 high- speed picture camera,it was found that with the increase of the front-angle,the curl degree of the scrapes gradually decreased;the flow direction deflected toward the cutted surface;and the time interval from cutting to the scrape rupture increased. The tests showed that the scrape deformation and flow at front-angleγ =10° were relatively resonable and was helpful to reduce roughness of the cutted surface.


In this, his latest work (possibly not the latest by the time that this review is published!) he has collected a large number of short biographies of individuals who for shorter or longer periods visited or lived in the nascent colony of the Cape of Good Hope during the seventeenth century.


The present invention relates to a device and method for detecting an image having improved low-resolution images with high-definition image, apparatus for detecting the converted image from the first resolution in accordance with the present invention to the second resolution having a resolution higher than the first resolution, a frequency converter for converting the received second resolution video signal into a frequency domain; And by calculating the energy of each frequency in the video signal transformed to the frequency domain in advance it is set frequency or lower amount than the energy threshold value is greater than or equal to the determination by the conversion by the second resolution image from the first resolution video image, and the threshold value, the actual the image comprises determining unit configured to determine a second resolution image. In accordance with the present invention by detecting the converted image from the first resolution to the second resolution having a resolution higher than the first resolution, it is possible to process them separately to improve the image quality.


Aims: The objective of present study was to investigate the chemical analysis biological activates of commiphora myrrh the chemical analysis of myrrh was analyzed several ways.
Study Design: Where wet digestion was used to estimate the concentrations of a number of chemical elements in it, which are of great importance to humans and are also attributed to many of its medicinal uses.
Place and Duration of Study:  Clinical isolates from wound infections obtained from laboratory of Marjan Hospital Hilla city Iraq during period Fed. 2020 which include (four  E. coli  and  4  of  S. aureus,  and 4 pseudomonas aeruginosa ). All clinical isolates were classified and by laboratory of marjan hospital: Hilla city Iraq.
Methodology: In order to know the nature of the groups present in it, in addition to the quality of the organic materials, FTIR analysis and G.C analysis were used by using the ethanolic extract, where some of the organic materials within their compositions in identified.
Results: The antimicrobial potential of ethanolic extracts of myrrh were studied against many standard strains of gram positive and gram negative bacteria and (12) clinical isolated from patients with wound infections obtained from the bacteriology section of the clinical microbiology laboratory of marjan hospital Hill city/Iraq during period Feb. 2020 to Nov. 2020. The clinical isolates include (4) isolates of staphylococcus aureus, (4) isolates of E.coli and (4) isolates of pseudomonas aeruginosa, and it was confirmed using the usual methods of diagnosis. The broth dilution method was used for determination of the MICs of (minimal inhibitory concentration) of myrrh extract against pathogens under study. Six concentration (80, 60, 30, 12, 6, 3 mg/mL) of myrrh extracts were tested.
Conclusion: The result revealed that the highest activity was against S. Aureus at concentration (80, 60, 30 mg/mL) which showed completely inhibition of the growth (100%). While the gram-negative bacteria E.coli and P. auroginosa the concentration (80 – 60 mg/mL) showed 100% inhibition in contrast the concentration (12, 6, 3 mg/mL) showed no activity of myrrh extract against all pathogens under study. The result indicates that myrrh is an antibacterial agent that can be used in the future by making appropriate doses.


To the Editor: It has been about 20 years since the first reports of transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI) by Popovsky andMoore [1,2]. Even so,we haveyet to determine the incidence and mechanisms responsible for the development of TRALI, a potentially fatal transfusion reaction. It is important for clinicians to recognize that TRALI should be considered in the differential diagnosis in the setting of new or worsening acute lung injury within 6 hr of a plasmacontaining blood product. Most importantly, one needs to differentiate TRALI, a non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema syndrome, from transfusion-associated circulatory overload (TACO). TACO usually occurs within 2 hr of transfusion. Infants and recipients over the age of 60 are at increased risk. The clinical presentation is respiratory distress [3]. The patient may have increased blood pressure, heart rate, and central venous pressure as well as an increased wedge pressure. Unlike TRALI, patients with TACO respond to diuretics. Clinically useful tests to differentiate between cardiogenic pulmonary edema and TRALI include B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) and determination of the protein concentration in the pulmonary edema fluid and serum. A ratio greater than or equal to .75 indicates the fluid to be an exudate (acute lung injury and permeability edema) rather than a transudate indicative of cardiogenic pulmonary edema [4]. TheBNP is a biochemicalmarker of volume and pressure overload [5,6]. Reporting to the blood bank is imperative for full evaluation of the suspected TRALI case and potential work-up, including anti-leukocyte and anti-granulocyte antibodies in the donor(s) and the recipient, as indicated by the clinical presentation. In reporting such cases, the blood banks will be able to keep databases of TRALI evaluations and will continue to contribute to our understanding of TRALI. We need more data to establish the mechanism(s) responsible for TRALI, demonstration of the correlation of laboratory tests, and prevention of such a potentially fatal transfusion reaction. In the case report presented by Koussi et al., the patient manifested the most common presenting symptom of respiratory distress (76% in 46 TRALI cases evaluated) [7]. Hypotension and hypertension were each seen in 15% of the cases [7]. In the case presented, the absence of fluid overload and marked recovery support a clinical diagnosis of TRALI. The authors do not mention the human leukocyte antigen type of the recipient or the anti-leukocyte antibody found in the multiparous donor. It would be interesting to know if there was an antigen and antibody match, although even if there was not, the clinical picture is consistent with TRALI once cardiogenic edema is ruled out.


Considering the incompressible Euler system with 3-D axisymmetric data, we give several global existence results corresponding to several classes of smooth or singular data.


As the distance between a copper-smelting plant and the forests surrounding it decreases, the thickness of the forest litter increases twoto threefold, depending upon elimination of the saprophages of the mesofauna and a decrease in the activity of the cellulose decomposing microorganisms. The dose-effect relationships have a stepwise character. There are two levels: the background, with minimal thickness of the litter layer, and the impact, with maximal thickness. The conversion between them is sharply outlined. The forest litter is an integrated index of the rate of destructive processes (Karpachevskii, 1981; Tate, 1991 ). Under conditions of chemical pollution, it is the main reservoir of the pollutant flows, the "critical component" of the ecosystem (Krivolutscii et al., 1986). The fact of an increase in forest floor thickness under pollution by heavy metals and/or S02 has been repeatedly noted in literature (Cough trey et al., 1979; Freedman, Hutchinson, 1980; Jordan, Lechevalier, 1975; Moloney et al., 1983; Nikonov, Lukin a, 1991; Ragustis, 1984; Stepanov, 1988; Strojan, 1978; Tyler, 1984). The opposite situation is observed under pollution by calciferous dust (Volkova, Davydova, 1987; Yuschyk, 1991) or nitrogen compounds (Fenn, 1991 ). In some investigations, a high positive correlation between litter amount and concentration of pollutants in it have been revealed (Coughtrey et al., 1979; Freedman, Hutchinson, 1980). The litter parameters, highly informative, may be of great importance in the diagnostics of technogenic disturbances of forest ecosystems, monitoring, and ecological standardization. However, some important problems, such as the character of the dose-effect relationships and the cause of changes in the forest litter thickness, are not yet solved, The goal of our work was to attempt to answer these questions. We did not undertake the task of making a careful study of all the aspects of the litter transformation under chemical pollution. We concentrated our attention chiefly on an analysis of the changes in the forest litter thickness. Various indices, such as the litter-litterfall coefficient, time of half-decomposition, and others, are best suited for investigating the rate of destruction. However. their measurements are laborious and require permanent investigations. When destruction is inhibited an increase in litterfall only slightly affects the value of the index as compared to litter amount. This defines the suitability of the latter parameter as an index of the intensity of the processes of destruction. The amount of litter is closely related to its thickness, and these parameters are considered interchangeable (Karpachevskii, 1981 ). In our work preference is given to the thickness. This index is less precise but much easier to measure, which is of essential importance when work is performed on a great number of sample plots. CHARACTERISTICS OF THE INVESTIGATED REGION Investigations have been conducted in the subzone of southern taiga in the region under the influence of the Sredneural'skii copper-smelting plant (Revda town). By the time of this study, the plant had been working for more than 50 years. The main components of the emission are S02 and dust particles with adsorbed Cu, Pb, Zn, Cd, As, etc. Sample plots were situated to the west of the plant at a distance from 0 to 30 km. Three groups of forests birch forests, firspruce forests, and pine forests on grey forest and brown mountain forest soils were studied. Earlier, we described the character of technogenic changes in vegetation (Vorobeichik, Khantemirova, 1994).


The first Thematic Forum of the EU for Better Business Environment project was held online on November 23rd, 2021 on the topic of relocation of supply chains, with the participation of key business environment stakeholders from the Government, private sector, International Financial Institutions and donors. Thematic Forums are a platform for informal public private dialogue with the goal to enhance the business environment conditions in Serbia. This note presents a summary of the discussion from the first Forum, including conclusions and recommendations, prepared by the keynote speaker, Prof. Branko Radulović.


With their force and their singular form, the words, in Boris Vian's work, reveal the life conditions on the human level. Because the figuration of the language forces, which fonctions as the light and the shadow in the "imaginary" writing, reply to the question being raised from the human life. The peculiar logic, found in Boris Vian's text, is the objet of a quest and a comprehension, because it evolves in the total obscurity of the linear time peculiar to his words. There, an ephemeral time is reconstituted through the play of the light and the shadow. To reconstruct this time with this play, is to control his own ephemeral time to overcome and surpass the anguish which Boris Vian encounters in his life. This anguish is, then, organized by itself in the play of the light and the shadow which constructs the space where its form and its force are spelled. The play of the light and the shadow implements a meaning, belonging to the events occurring only in the poetic space, where the light and the shadow make the first impression which we can't meet in other places, and can be comprehended only in that poetic space. And then, the poetic creation, which is equivalent to the total disaccord with the "first reality", permits to create a new reality. The resultant writing constitues another world and develops a new space where the silence of the world evaporates, and where diverse events take place - diverse "modalities of structurization" of the play of the light and the shadow.


The North African species Meligethes cyrenaicus Rebmann, 1940, a member of the M. carinulatus species-group, previously considered a synonym of the widespread European M. carinulatus Forster, 1849, is resurrected at a specific rank. This taxonomic settlement is chiefly based on an analysis of external morphological characters of the type material of M. cyrenaicus (from Libya, Cyrenaica) and of a large series of southern European specimens of M. carinulatus. An updated key for the identification of the eight members of the Meligethes carinulatus species-group is presented.


Slow City is a new urban model that originated in Italy less than a decade ago,and has formed an international global network of cities-International Association of Citta'Slow.There has been a set of typical slow cities abroad.However,in China,it is relatively blank in the theory and city construction of slow cities.The paper deeply introduces slow city and slow city movement abroad,and selects several representative slow cities in various countries of Europe,and proposes some enlightenment for the urban development of China.


With the continuous development of modern science and technology, our country has gradually entered the "cloud computing" era, in such an environment, computer network security has been widely concerned. Based on this, this paper briefly expounds the connotation and characteristics of cloud computing, analyzes the current situation of computer network security in "cloud computing" environment, and puts forward the computer network security strategy in "cloud computing" environment from the aspects of constantly strengthening the awareness of users' prevention, increasing the development and utilization of security technology and improving the security and confidentiality of information.. 1. The Connotation of Cloud Computing At present, people mainly use the computer to browse the network to obtain the required data information, in the information age, the rapid development of network technology and computer technology, a number of new technologies have emerged, providing great convenience for people's lives, cloud computing technology is one of them, the application of this technology is relatively simple and convenient, more and more scholars around the cloud computing environment network security issues. Literally, cloud computing is a new method of computing based on computers, with a sharedbased framework that can be used to store information while providing related network services, as shown in Figure 1. Cloud computing has many application advantages, such as ensuring the security of data storage and facilitating the application of data information by terminal devices. Therefore, in the information age, the network security of the computer is mainly to set up the corresponding preventive measures for the information data, and at the same time to formulate the protection measures of the data information, so as to avoid the leakage of the stored information because of objective factors, so as to ensure the security, confidentiality and reliability of the data stored by the computer. Figure 1 Functions and characteristics of cloud computing 2020 5th International Conference on Technologies in Manufacturing, Information and Computing (ICTMIC 2020) Copyright © (2020) Francis Academic Press, UK DOI: 10.25236/ictmic.2020.093 460 The main features of cloud computing include: the confidentiality and rigor of the data, in short, that the data stored in the computer is not arbitrarily disclosed to unauthorized users; cloud computing can also reflect the integrity of the data, that is, unauthorized users are unable to edit or modify the data in the computer at will; controllability refers to authorized user ownership. The right to edit and process information data; it also includes vetting, and if there is a security problem in the network, there is a need to use certain methods to effectively control the problem and strictly review the relevant data[1]. 2. Problems in Computer Network Security 2.1. Safety Certification In the process of applying cloud computing, the interaction between information and data does not produce obvious price limit, after the other party obtains the required data, the acquired data can be used repeatedly, in such a background, it is necessary to integrate multiple types and regions of data in the process of operation to improve the operation efficiency of the computer. However, in the operation of computer, there are still some problems in the means of obtaining information data, mainly reflected in the low transparency. When users browse the network system of computer, it is difficult for them to understand clearly the way of receiving information, the method and the calculation method of data application, and the user can not know whether their information is leaked or illegally used in the first time. Therefore, in the context of cloud computing, although users need to authenticate and review the information, there is a lack of corresponding security protection methods and monitoring means in this link, and the personal information of the knowledge computer users has security risks. 2.2. Illegal Invasion With the application and promotion of cloud computing technology, data operation and data analysis can be carried out independently, and users do not have to participate in this link. Although this kind of form is very convenient, it also shows that if there is a problem in any part of the analysis or operation, it will bring some losses to the user, and the user can not find out the resulting questions in time. All along, hacking and cybervirus intrusion are the main influencing factors of Internet security, and it is possible to disclose the personal information of users, and the probability of occurrence in the past is relatively high. In the background of cloud computing, such problems will be further aggravated, and the resulting problems and losses will be higher than before, which will seriously damage the interests of users. Although cloud computing has the function of protecting data, its effect is limited and there is no way to achieve the effect of total secrecy. The data stored in cloud computing is not a simple single item or column information, but a large amount of data information base, if the database is illegally invaded by the outside world, it will cause the data in the database to suffer a certain degree of negative impact, and this impact is difficult to recover. The main reason for this kind of problems is that the security of the terminal equipment is insufficient, with the continuous development of information technology, the level of virus technology has gradually improved, the previous computer security protection methods have been unable to meet the requirements of the current stage of prevention, if not timely and effective protection strategy, there is a risk of virus intrusion into the computer, theft of personal information, tampering or illegal application of personal information, resulting in serious after. Therefore, both service providers and users need to pay special attention to the security of terminal devices[2]. 2.3. Internal Cloud Computing In addition to external attacks, cloud computing also leaves some security risks inside, mainly reflected in system technology, system design and system management, in the process of cloud computing, some of the hidden dangers can not be avoided. In recent years, the rapid development of science and technology, the Internet can break through the regional and even national restrictions, but the excessive opening of the network environment, will reduce the security of use to a certain


The questions of microstructure and defect structure of lowcarbon ВСт3сп (Russian grade) steel after combined impact of equalchannel angular pressing and electroplastic rolling are considered. Shown is the effect of combination of treatment methods on micro-hardness and toughness of steel.


Chemistry faculty members are highly skilled in obtaining, analyzing, and interpreting physical measurements, but often they are less skilled in measuring student learning. This work provides guidance for chemistry faculty from the research literature on multiple-choice item development in chemistry. Areas covered include content, stem, and response construction; item analysis; item difficulty; and item discrimination. The goal is to help faculty construct high-quality, reliable, and valid multiple-choice items to evaluate students' ability to meet learning objectives and to demonstrate proficiency in the content domain under study. Using item-writing guidelines based upon the research literature allows faculty to create assessments that are reliable and valid, with greater ability to discriminate between high- and low-achieving students.


This article presents a case study of a small group of South African medical students who have returned to South Africa after six years of medical education in Cuba, where they were trained in a different language (Spanish) and medical system (Cuban) from what they will ultimately practice in as South African doctors. This study sought to better understand the linguistic, cultural, and communicative challenges that this group faced upon returning to South Africa, with the ultimate goal of creating materials to support the students' language learning in the clinical domain.  The researchers found that students reported considerable difficulties with (re-)integrating into South African culture and clinical contexts; specific issues included encountering different types of medical issues in South Africa compared to Cuba and difficulty in understanding and using medical terminology in English and Afrikaans. This case study concludes with specific recommendations for developing learning materials that address these students' unique linguistic and communicative needs.


To obtain more information about the toxin/antitoxin (TA) systems in the Vibrio genus and also to examine their involvement in the induction of a viable but nonculturable (VBNC) state, we searched homologues of the Escherichia coli TA systems in the Vibrio parahaemolyticus genome.


Centralized databases for handling reduced data for physics analysis have been implemented for the DIII‐D tokamak. Each database record corresponds to a specific snapshot in time for a selected discharge. Features of the database environment include automatic updating, data integrity checks, and data traceability. Reduced data from each diagnostic comprises a dedicated dataset (a subset of the database) with quality assurance provided by a physicist. For the confinement database, these datasets will be used to create profile datasets which will be input to a transport code to create a transport dataset. The databases are implemented on a Digital Equipment Corporation VAX 8600 running VMS. The database management system is S1032 from Software House, Inc.


The effect of complete compound feed (CCF) with a different level of crude fat, due to the use of sunflower oil (SO), on the qualitative characteristics of muscle tissue in young Linda geese was studied. The introduction of SO into the composition of CCF contributed to an increase in the concentration of linoleic acid in it by 43–47%. No statistically significant differences were found in the chemical composition of the muscle tissue of the chest and legs. The best flavour had the meat of geese fed CCF with introduction of SO. The inclusion of SO in goslings rations did not negatively affect the serum biochemical composition of young geese up to 60 days of age.


The use of electronic technology in learning provides reinforcement of the pattern of changing learning paradigms. The E-Learning system is a form of learning implementation that utilizes technology and is not limited by space and time. Skype is one of the most popular applications and has the most users. In terms of user interface (User Interface) Skype is more attractive, and has complete features but still looks simple. The picture and sound quality is better, so most people prefer to use the Skype application compared to other applications. This study was conducted to determine the effect of using Skype application-based E-Learning on student learning outcomes at SMK YPSEI Palangka Raya for the academic year 2020/2021. This research is a descriptive research with a quantitative approach. The research sample is the students of SMK YPSEI Palangka Raya for the academic year 2020/2021 as many as 100 74 students. Collecting data using questionnaires and documentation. While the data analysis technique used the Simple Regression test. The results showed that there was an effect of using Skype application-based E-Learning on student learning outcomes at SMK YPSEI Palangka Raya in the academic year.2020/2021 with the acquisition of a tcount of 14,744 and a significance value of 0.000 < 0.05. So it can be concluded that the better the use of Skype application-based E-Learning, the higher the learning outcomes of students at SMK YPSEI Palangka Raya for the 2020/2021 school year.


The present invention relates to an X-ray emitter (1) and the X-ray detector (11) for synthesizing apparatus and method of operation tomography. The apparatus comprises a holding means (4) (3) rotatably mounted about a rotational axis, the X-ray emitter (1) is so disposed on the holding means (4), such that the X-ray emitter ( 1) an optical axis (16) directed towards the X-ray detector (11), and that the focal point when the holding means (4) rotating said X-ray emitter (1) drawing a circular path (13). The advantages provided by the invention is to ensure stable synthetic tomography for fluoroscopy.


Solid-phase microextraction of analytes from complex matrices using fused silica fibers has many advantages over traditional chemical sample preparation technique. Microextraction requires small sample sizes little sample preparation (providing rapid sample turnaround time), and greatly reduces the amount of chemical waste generated in sample preparation. These advantages make fused silica fibers attractive for direct sampling and detection experiments using laser desorption ion trap mass spectrometry (LITMS). The drawback is the very small area ({approximately}1 mm{sup 2}) exposed to laser irradiation, which limits the amount of material desorbed into the ion trap.


On the basis of analysis of nucleotide sequences of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplo-types (hypervariable part, left domen of control region D-loop) the authors consider the genetic differentiation in forms (subspecies) of caribou. The significant distinctions in differentiation of individual forms were revealed that caused by disparity in time of their origin and unequal intensity of genetic exchanges between populations.


Record linkage is a crucial step in data integration and data mining. It has been studied extensively in the past several decades due to its wide-spread applications in e-commerce, healthcare, social sciences and so on. However, many record linkage models are not satisfactory in practice as they neglect an important aspect, which is how to repair the errors that are detected later on in the linkage results. In this report I develop a record linkage model that is integrated with active learning techniques to effectively repair errors and thereby improving the model itself and the linkage results incrementally over time. The model can accept user detected linkage errors, locate the errors in itself and repair it automatically. Also, with each error being repaired, the classification process within the record linkage model is refined, thus the overall clustering results can be improved. I have evaluated the record linkage model on two real-world databases and the results show that the clustering result can be effectively improved over time.


Forensic medicine is the study of researching, analyzing, and solving medical factors that pose legal problems. Thus, forensic medicine is a social medicine that contributes to individual rights, social safety, and social welfare. In the Republic of Korea, the prosecutor maintains the rights for postmortem investigations and requests a confiscation warrant for autopsy after postmortem inspections if necessary [1]. When the court grants a confiscation warrant, most forensic autopsies in Korea are performed by the National Forensic Service. The statistical analysis of forensic autopsy data provides basic information for the postmortem investigation system and is the foundation of the statistical analysis of the cause of death. As previous analyses of forensic autopsies had limitations to regions [2-6], we studied nationwide statistical analysis on forensic autopsies performed in the Republic of Korea in 2015. Korean J Leg Med 2016;40:104-118 https://doi.org/10.7580/kjlm.2016.40.4.104


A methodology to automate and control a small-scale combined heat and power system (micro-CHP) is proposed. The contribution of this design is to extend the original plant toward micro-CHP system modeling, thus allowing flexible and efficient system through graphical programming. The automation involves the synthesized system analysis; thereby, human intervention is reduced. It builds on LabVIEW™ software that takes the model architecture to monitor and control de plant. Measured signals and parameters (SQL database) managed by LabVIEW™ are used to issue remote control communication. An Android application was developed to communicate with the database. The integration methodology of automation, monitoring and control energy variables in real-time may be extended to study failures and possible improvements on micro-CHP systems.


Cronartium comandrae Pk. aeciospores germinated over the temperature range 1 to 30 °C, but germination outside the range 5 to 22 °C was poor. Optimum for germination was about 15 °C, although initial germination was better at 20 °C. Some aeciospores germinated after 1 h of incubation and most within 4 to 5 h. The rate of germ tube elongation was reduced after 8 h, and generally had ceased after 24 h. Each spore produced an average of two germ tubes, but only one developed. Appressoria usually formed only at 15 and 20 °C. Free water was apparently necessary for germination. Hydration of spores initially improved germination but extended periods of hydration decreased it. Viable spores swelled more than non-viable spores. Aeciospores germinated well in the dark and in light but not in direct sunlight. Fresh aeciospores germinated on media with a pH range of 4.5 to 8.0, but did best between pH 6.0 and 6.5. Germination results are compared with those reported for other Cronartium rusts.


This account tells the story of the development of an action learning culture in the BBC between 2002 and 2007. From its early beginnings as a sporadic, unsystematic intervention with a small number of leaders scattered throughout the organisation, action learning has now become embedded in our approach to the way we develop our leaders. In this paper we look at the organisational context in which we were developing action learning, the way it became an integral part of a systemic change intervention, the barriers we had to overcome on the way, how we built an internal resource capability and how action learning evolved. We evaluate the impact it has had on the organisation and on our practice, exploring lessons learned during this time and offering ideas for the way ahead.


In the last fifteen years, as feminism and environmentalism have both come to prominence in American life, scholars have recognized the importance of gender and of environment as tools of analysis. But in the sizeable literature building around both fields, there is surprisingly little literature that takes advantage of both environmentalists' and women's contributions to our understanding. The shared historical, theoretical, and practical concerns of both fields argues for a more fertile communication between them. This bibliography assumes the reader is familiar with the environmental literature and is seeking complementary resources in women's studies. 86 While few of these writings refer explicitly to environment, they are among the most useful for environmental studies. Some of the most lively areas for studies of women and environment are in urban planning and architecture. Other major concerns in the literature include class and race, occupational environment and health, agricultural and economic development, population politics, power and political liberation, child care, toxic pollution, home environments, frontier history, goddess-nature traditions, historical women/nature and man/culture divisions, hierarchicalism and domination, impacts of sexism on scholarship, gender roles in violence, militarism and technology, and wilderness and strength. Popular literature and recent conferences on eco-feminism, and the shifts in scholarly work, suggest that both environmentalism and feminism are increasingly aware of the importance of the other, so we may have reason to expect more explicit analysis of shared concerns in the future.


The paper presents the review of previously made schemes of sacral (religious, confessional) regionalization of the territory of Ukraine, presented in the works of human geographers. Taking into account these elaborations, their advantages and deficiencies, the author proposes own methodology of confessional regionalization, including its basic principles and criteria. Confessional regions, sub-regions, areas and localities are proposed to be the units of confessional regionalization of the territory of Ukraine. The developed methodology allowed identifying 6 confessional regions in Ukraine, with 2 of them further divided into sub-regions. This approach to regionalization allowed better trace regional patterns of confessional structure, including dominant confessions and their relationships. The necessity of this study is dictated by the need to develop a state strategy for the development of inter-confessional and state relationships, as well as the implementation of the state regional policy in the field of religion in certain regions of Ukraine. The proposed methodology of confessional regionalization can be adopted for other countries or their parts.


Affirmative action has not been enjoying widespread support in the United States. This commentary addresses the issues of why the policy of affirmative action is not supported by some Americans. Equity and equality are values cherished by many Americans. Affirmative action as a means toward equality is seen as at odds with the principle of equity and meritocracy. At the center of the problem is a "sense of fairness." Two issues may be involved in the judgment of fairness of affirmative action programs: (1) heightened salience of group identity and differences and (2) perceived scarcity of resources. Action programs can be designed to address the issue of functional integration, therefore reducing the salience of group differences. It is proposed that workforce diversity should be seen as a viable means toward economic expansion, which will help address the issue of scarcity.


This paper presents some principles and policy options for achieving larger-scale, progressive asset-building policies. This is not a theoretical paper about policy development, Congress, and the Administration, but rather reflects CFED's direct experience with practitioners, policymakers, and others in forging progressive asset-building policies for Individual Development Accounts (IDAs) and other asset-building tools. Specifically, this paper will (1) discuss principles and dimensions of asset-building policy, and (2) summarize the status of current asset development policies, and offer a set of policy recommendations to reach scale. I. Principles and Dimensions for Large-Scale Asset-Building From the earliest days of the American Republic, when Thomas Jefferson talked of "a nation of small farmers and shopkeepers," there has been an economic correlate of political democracy. Just as we believed that democracy works best if all ideas have access to public debate and consideration, so we have believed that the economic marketplace will work better to the extent it harnesses the ideas and energies of all citizens. Indeed, if we examine our history to discern the policies that have created significant, widely shared and enduring economic progress, they are democratic investments in the common genius of the American people: universal education, the Homestead Act, the GI Bill. Of course, the realization of that economic ideal, like the realization of its political correlate, has been slow and difficult. Gloria Steinem reminds us that at the founding of the republic, "We the people" meant white male adult landowners. Gradually we added excluded groups—African Americans, women, immigrants, non-landowners, and youth. Of course, we still have a long way to go before "We the people" means all Americans even in the political system. But, clearly, the next phase of the civil rights movement lies in increasing economic participation. Our economic history, like our political history, is also the story of opening the ranks of economic actors. For the first hundred years of our history, African Americans were property; they did not own it. For 150 years, banks lent against only capital and collateral; it was not until the early decades of the 20 century that they began to lend against wages. And it was only the creation of the 30-year mortgage by the federal government that brought homeownership within the purview of the middle class—even as it restricted homeownership opportunities to African Americans by restricting the mortgages to new construction in the suburbs backed by restrictive covenants. Worker rights, universal education, public libraries, trust-busting, and the creation of public markets, anti-discrimination laws, and small business programs—each of these opened the economic system to broader participation. When the Great Depression threatened to sideline most of the American people from economic participation, the New Deal, World War II, and the GI Bill rescued the middle-class and laid the foundation for our post-war growth. We have finally come to recognize that widespread asset poverty looms as a major barrier to economic participation (and productivity). As this Symposium attests, and its papers document, a majority of American households are asset-poor at a time when access to the economic mainstream—a downpayment on a home, capitalizing a small business, post-secondary education, a retirement nest-egg—requires at least a few thousand dollars. It is becoming increasingly clear that work and income alone will not allow many—most—working families to escape poverty and achieve a modicum of economic independence and security. Much of the asset disparity of the country is the result of policy (Sherraden, 1991, 2000; Corporation for Enterprise Development, 2001) and, in Oliver and Shapiro's (1995) memorable and well-documented phrase, "the sediment of past discrimination." Today, our nearly $300 billion per year asset-building policy for individuals (Sherraden, 2000) rewards homeownership, business ownership, savings and investment, and pensions through the tax system in a way that excludes most of the very people who lack assets (and tax liability). Meanwhile we have generally penalized asset acquisition by poor and low-income people through policies ranging Center for Social Development Washington University in St. Louis 1 from asset limits and benefit reductions in income-support programs, mismanagement of tribal and individual trust funds, and higher effective tax rates on income than capital. We believe that if exclusionary asset can be effective in amplifying asset inequality and its myriad psychological, social, and economic effects, then inclusive asset policy could be equally effective at spreading the creation of wealth. For these reasons and more, we need an inclusive asset-building system in this country. And we need a large one. The aim of this paper is to suggest principles and policy options that should guide the development of such a system, both in design and implementation. While the authors take responsibility for the lessons we offer, the teachers we have had in the process have been superb. Our discussion draws from several sources, among them: • The seminal work of Michael Sherraden and the Center for Social Development (CSD) whose work, including such pieces as Assets and the Poor (1991), Social Security in the 21 Century (1996), and Savings Patterns in IDA Programs (2000) created the research, theoretical, and policy framework for asset-building policy. • The scholarship of most of the authors of other papers presented at this Symposium, and the pioneering work of Peter Barnes on common assets. • The Growing Wealth Working Group, a national braintrust of 50 experts in tax policy, asset building, and development policy convened by CFED and CSD to flesh out large-scale assetbuilding principles and policies. • The Downpayments on the American Dream Policy Demonstration (or, the American Dream Demonstration, or ADD), which CFED had the good fortune to organize, and our 13 community partners, 2,400 accountholders and evaluation partners from whom we could learn. ADD is the first large-scale, well-funded and multi-dimensional test of the efficacy of IDAs as a tool for economic independence. Funded (and guided) by 11 national foundations, this $15 million demonstration is now beyond its halfway point. 1 The Downpayments on the American Dream Policy Demonstration (ADD) specifically addressed the barriers constraining the growth of the field. Thus ADD's five objectives: • Develop and conduct "best practice" IDA initiatives in ten (ultimately 13) diverse communities which benefit from access to the best information available about best practices; • Create at least 2,000 IDAs for low-income families; • Create an inclusive learning network among the burgeoning number of community, state and Federal IDA initiatives; • Identify and evaluate the economic and social effects of IDAs, and the savings, asset-acquisition and economic literacy they entail; and • Inform and impel state and Federal policy development. ADD partners developed a new best practice, and shared their lessons through a regularly updated design handbook, annual conferences and semi-annual partner meetings, and an internet-based learning network. Banks, credit unions, CDFIs, and other types of financial institutions partnered. Evaluated earlier and more comprehensively that any new development strategy we know of pursuant to the evaluation design and data produced by the Center for Social Development (CSD) of Washington University, ADD is also teaching us about the attitudinal, behavioral, social and economic effects of saving and asset holding. Almost 2,400 accounts have been established within ADD, and accountholders are testifying to fundamental economic and social changes larger and earlier than we dared hope for. Indeed, we are on the verge of seeing multi-billion dollar IDA tax policy proposals backed by strong bipartisan teams and the rapid development of private financial institution products. Center for Social Development Washington University in St. Louis 2 • The larger IDA field, some 300-plus community programs strong, as well as their financial institution, philanthropic, policymaker, and community partners and a network of more than 100 VISTA volunteers in programs across the country, all linked by the IDA Learning Network and national learning conferences that CFED sponsors. • Twenty-one years of research and development of economic development policies and programs designed to build assets and enterprise in low-income communities. A significant portion of our work over the years has been in the area of microenterprise and entrepreneurial development, two of the least understood and least appreciated asset-building strategies. To be sure, most of the above involve IDA practice and policy. IDAs—matched savings accounts accompanied by financial education and earmarked for high return assets (generally business development, post-secondary education, homeownership, and sometimes retirement investing)—are only one form of asset building. Other approaches exist, deserve to be developed, and will certainly yield additional lessons. But IDAs have proven to be remarkably impactful and suggestive. In fact, the apparent simplicity of IDAs—clearly one of their attractive features—masks the fact that they are really a well-packaged set of different assetbuilding tools. Certainly, the last five years have taught us a good deal about the dimensions and techniques of asset building that should guide the development of practice and policy going forward. A. The Dimensions of Asset-Building Twenty-one years of exploring what makes for effective economic development policy and programs has only underscored Belden Daniels's essential insight that, "Development is something people do, not something done to them." The effectiveness of IDAs—wh


BACKGROUND
The prevalence of erectile dysfunction (ED) rises with the number and severity of chronic diseases.

STUDY AIMS
This cross-sectional study assessed the frequency and severity of ED in patients with multiple chronic conditions.

METHODS
The 5-item International Index of Erectile Function questionnaire (IIEF-5) to diagnose and classify ED. The Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) was used to assess the burden of chronic comorbidity. The primary outcome was to assess the ED frequency according to CCI severity. The secondary outcomes included the assessment of correlation between 1) IIEF-5 and total testosterone (TT), 2) CCI and TT, 3) IIEF-5 and CCI. Lastly, the CCI and modified CCI (mCCI) performance were compared with each other.

RESULTS
The overall frequency of ED increased along with the CCI score severity: 45% for CCI=0; 95% for CCI=1; 91% for CCI=2; 99% for CCI≥3 (p<.0001). CCI correlated negatively with TT levels and IIEF-5 score (r=-0.34 and -0.44; p<.0001). Compared to the CCI, a novel proposed mCCI performs well.

DISCUSSION
The frequency and severity of ED are relevant in outpatients with sexual complaints and those with chronic comorbidities. Despite limitations, mCCI may be considered a reliable tool to assess the overall burden of multiple chronic conditions in patients with comorbidities.

CONCLUSION
ED is a reliable proxy of overall male health. Further studies are needed to confirm this potential application.


Several cases of non-specific muscle weakness, depression and inappetence with or without anorexia were encountered in an avicultural breeding facility over six months. In vivo laboratory tests were inconclusive. Histological sections from autopsy material displayed evidence of pyrrolizidine alkaloid (PA) toxicity. Seed analysis was positive for PAs, two seed contaminants were found neither of which contained PAs. A case report and literature review are discussed. Case Report The aviaries concerned are very well managed. None of the presented birds were new. They were not in contact with each other nor had there been any major movement or introductions within the fecility. The affected birds were from different areas of the £acility. No major management changes had been made except that a change in seed supplier had occurred in January-February 1993. The new merchant is held in high regard and supplies seed grown only on the Darling Downs. 22 March 1993 The first bird presented was a cock two year old Senegal Parrot. The clinical signs were acute onset, sick bird look (SBL), fluffed appearance, depression, inappetence, and disinterest in the environment. Examination showed a well-muscled bird with no discharges and was clinically normal on auscultation and palpation. Crop and faecal smears and Gram stains were normal. Bloods were taken for a body function. The bird was hospitalised with heat, antibiotics, and Ca EDTA. Iintravenous (IV) fluids were administered. The condition of the bird improved within 24 hours. Bloods showed elevated liver enzymes and total bile acids, indicating liver disease (see Table 1). Treatment was continued for a further two days, then the bird was discharged on antibiotic therapy for a further 3 days. 13 July 1993 Derbyan hen 1 year old was presented. This bird showed the same non-specific clinical signs as with the Senegal but in addition was in a wasted physical condition. Auscultation and palpation were normal. Crop and faecal smears and Gram stains were normal. Radiographs were normal. Blood was taken for a body function and treatment was implemented as with the Senegal. Blood results indicated myopathy (see Table 1). The bird failed to respond after four days. Laparoscopy was performed and no abnormalities were detected. Two days later the bird's appearance improved, she began to eat and was discharged. 20 July 1993 Three birds were presented with similar non-specific signs. They were in moderate to poor condition: Split lutino alexandrine SBL Derbyen cock SBL Ringneck cock SBL 136 Pyrrolizidine toxicity Treatment was instigated as before, i.e., antibiotics, chelation and fluids in addition to crop feeding with PolyAid. Bloods were taken £or body functions. The ringneck died overnight. Both other birds were improving. Blood results (see Table 1). The ringneck apparently died of renal failure. The bird was sent to Veterinary Pathology Services (VPS) for autopsy. Histology of viscera and culture and sensitivity (C&S) of gut were requested. The histological findings were significant. See VPS form.


The potential of biotic and chemical plant inducers to trigger the resistant in plant against disease was investigated. A biotic inducer as Trichoderma harzianum and chemical inducers as salicylic acid and Bion  were tested for their induced resistance ability to protect anthracnose disease on two tested chilli cvs. Mae Ping and Man Dum in both seedling and mature stages. The necrotic symptom development on seedling of both tested chilli varieties after treated with Bion  0.05 mg a.i./ml was significantly lower than the others. The potential of anthracnose management on chilli cv. Man Dum was also treated by T. harzianum at 10 8 spore/ml and salicylic acid at 1 mM. Treatments with any plant inducer did not lead to an increase activity of polyphenol oxidase in chilli cotyledon 1, 3 and 5 day after challenge inoculation. In field experiment, the result showed that the foliar sprays with any of plant inducer reduced the infection percentage of anthracnose on chilli. Bion  also showed the best percentage of disease reduction compared to the untreated treatment at 76.3% and 75.9% on both chilli varieties, whereas in treatment of 10 8 spore/ml T. harzianum and 2 mM salicylic acid were reduced 24.2, 57.4% and 19.8, 36.6% respectively. However, fruit yield of Bion  treatment was very low and significantly different to control. The phytotoxicity occurred at high concentration. T. harzianum and salicylic acid treatment showed the fruit yield to be significantly increased in comparison with the control on chilli cv. Man Dum, but not on cv. Mae Ping. All plant inducers did not affect to fruit fly infestation on both varieties under field conditions.


This paper examines the long-run behavior of a one-good model of dynamic equilibrium with heterogeneous households.1 The main result is a characterization of the long-run steady state that verifies a conjecture of Ramsey [1928].2 If an agent's lifetime utility function over an infinite horizon is represented by a stationary, additive, discounted function with a constant pure rate of time preference, then the income distribution is shown in the long-run steady state to be determined by the lowest discount rate. The household with the lowest rate of discount owns all the capital and earns a wage income; all other households receive a wage income. If discount rates are equal between households, than the steady state distribution of income is indeterminate. Rader [1979] shows the emergence of a dominant consumer in the long run for a model without an explicit capital accumulation structure. The dominant consumer has the lowest pure rate of time preference in the economy. Advantages of our work over Rader's presentation are that the analysis is related to the theory of economic growth and the mathematics is elementary. One difference from the Rader result is that nondominant consumers have positive steady state consumption. Normally, those with high discount rates would want to contract to trade future labor for present consumption. These agents would then incur a debt equal to the discounted value of their wage income. Rader's result admits intertemporal trades of future labor for current consumption in a loan market extending into the indefinite future. Each consumer's budget constraint requires total assets to be


An introduction and overview of the focus, goals and overall mission of the Seattle Structural Genomics Center for Infectious Disease (SSGCID) is given.


Air receiver tank in electrical generator used as pressured air vessel is mainly consisted of shell cylinder and head part. This work has searched for the more suitable material to be used for the shell and head of the proposed air receiver tank because the older material (SPV 355) has some limitations. This study has been conducted based on several parameters in standard references. The calculations have applied relevant technical formulas such as corrosion factor, thickness design, and Maximum Allowable Working Pressure (MAWP). There are three types of selected materials available that are expected to yield similar previous condition parameters addressing to operational pressure 10 bar and temperature 40oC, i.e., SA-36 (Type I), SA-516 Gr 70 (Type II), and SS-304 (Type III). The economic factor is also taken into consideration. Considering the economic cost and mechanical characteristics, finally the material of Type II is selected to be the most appropriate material to replace SPV 355 material for the proposed air receiver tank. In the upcoming, this study is useful for the knowledge of material design.


Abstract : This DURIP grant funded the capital equipment for a project to design and build a low-temperature, high magnetic field, near-field scanning optical microscope for the purpose of characterizing semiconductor nanostructures. All of the equipment necessary to build and operate this microscope has been purchased. The microscope has been completely designed, machined, and assembled. The need for robust, low-temperature, inertial motion has motivated us to invent a new kind of inertial motion motor. A prototype motor has been produced and is robust enough (i.e. drive voltage less than 5 V at room temperature) for low temperature operation. The 15/17 T superconducting magnet and cryogenic housing has been delivered and the facility to support this system is complete. We expect Oxford instruments to perform a final installation during the month of August.


Renewable energy resources are playing vital role in meeting the increasing demand of electrical power. The modern power electronics converters play a crucial role in converting extracted power to various forms. In order to balance the generation and utilization of power, electrical energy storage (EES) system is interfaced using bidirectional DC-DC converter (BDC). In this paper, a neutral point clamped multilevel inverter (NPCMLI) based dual active bridge (DAB) bidirectional DC-DC converter suitable for medium and high power applications is proposed. The DCMLI enables low voltage stress across the switches and reduction of total harmonics distortion (THD). The converter consists of NPCMLI on HV side and combination of H-bridges on LV side. It has attractive features like compact size and reliability. An islanded solar PV fed system uses proposed multilevel bidirectional converter with multiple batteries support. The system is designed and simulated for various load and source conditions


A commercial Al-4.1%Mg-2.0%Li-0.16%Sc-0.07%Zr alloy was used as a starting material. The submicrocrystalline structure with an average grain size of about 0.8 μm was developed by equal-channel angular extrusion. Superplastic behavior of this alloy was examined in the temperature range 150-250 o C at strain rates ranging from 1.4x10 -5 to 5.6x10 -2 s -1 . A maximum elongation-to-failure of 440% was recorded at 175 o C (0.5Tm, where Tm is the melting point) and a strain rate of 2.8x10 -5 s -1 . The strain rate sensitivity was measured as 0.32 at these conditions. This temperature is exceptionally low for superplasticity in Al-based alloys, as it has been reported to date. Features of superplastic deformation at such the low temperature are considered.


This study contains a type of mixed research. The conditions which determine the quality of service providers were considered by observing basic positive attitudes, service values and ethical performance in work processes in order to identify quality problems in service companies. The analysis began with a qualitative research approach, and operationality was carried out in order to measure the variables being studied. This analysis was done with a methodological treatment, and for it?s application we selected a small food company in the city of Santiago de Queretaro. Using this company, we defined evaluation indicators and parameters for the service quality process. Descriptive statistics were used in the quantification of the indicators and parameters, and these were theoretically given a basis for the design of the items in creating a measurement instrument. As a result, the study took on quantitative approach. This methodology can be used in all types of companies, regardless of their size, besides implementing educational and training programs for the participant, encouraging promotion, proposing educational, productive, administrative and social alternatives in order to achieve better service quality and insuring results and impact on the following levels: customer and participant satisfaction, as well as development for the company and the social environment. In today?s Mexico, companies should be certified by a quality system in order to assure a global tendency towards competitiveness.


Security in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) can be achieved by establishing shared keys among the sensor nodes having possibility to communicate in the field. However, to achieve the optimum network operation after the deployment, there may be no need to establish keys for all the possible links. Because, links to be established are defined by the network configuration and as long as the network connectivity requirement is satisfied number of links to be secured can be limited accordingly. In this sense, key establishment and network configuration performances are related to each other and this cross relation should be considered when implementing security for WSN. In this paper, we have investigated the cross layer relations and performance variations of the selected pre-distribution and public key based key establishment protocols with the network configuration protocol proposed in [6]. We have proposed three methods as straight, reactive and proactive for selection of links to be secured and simulated the performance in terms of network connectivity, total energy cost and resilience to node capture attack. Simulation results indicate that total energy cost can be reduced by reducing the number of links to be secured without affecting the connectivity performance of the configuration protocol. Also we have figured out that the energy and resilience performance of the public key establishment is better than the key pre-distribution for the given network configuration parameters.


Dr. White has gone a long way in fulfilling the need for a primarily illustrative text of the surgical techniques used in the management of many of the problems of childhood.
 This is a very large volume encompassing 923 pages and includes almost every surgical specialty. The techniques which are illustrated are well accepted surgical procedures and are portrayed with clarity. There is, however, an occasional instance in which a contributing author has failed to stress sufficiently the features which are of primary importance in the child.


Recently, Government is making the most of Information and Communications Technology (ICT) to enhance the efficiencies and make possible new ways of delivering public services. For the government, the needs of people are to be identified and provide respective services. The proposed paper aims to overcome the problem faced by the citizen for the delayed response in resolving the several social issues that affects the rate of satisfaction of the complaints. This proposed work is the extension of Unique Identification number of the aadhar card for the authentication purpose of the citizen to register their complaints. A complaint form will be designed by keeping all the features of the Municipal Corporation. The user can register their complaint with their personal message in the complaint box. The municipal corporation can resolve their work based on the priorities and the service for the complaint should be solved within the stipulated time. As the complaint status remains pending, it will be automatically forwarded to the higher official without the notice of the corresponding official. The result of this work is used to build a system to improve the complainant satisfaction.


In this review I am going to present biased by personal experience review of QCD. The review covers topics like Improved Transverse Momentum Dependent Factorization, $k_T$ dependent splitting functions, Transversal Momentum Dependent parton shower, non-Gaussian broadening of jet traversing quark gluon plasma.


Knowledge of genetic and phenotypic association among economic traits helps plant breeders in outlying efficient breeding strategies for development of high yielding wheat variety. An experiment on 238 progenies of wheat along with parents was conducted to determine the correlation and path coefficient analysis of yield and its attributing traits in wheat. The result reveals the presence of high variability among the 238 progenies of wheat. Grain yield per plant had showed high significant and positive correlation with plant height, number of tillers per plant, number of grains per spike, biological yield per plant and harvest index. Further, it indicates that selection based on these traits in breeding programs could be promising in maximizing grain yield per plant in wheat. Whereas, path coefficient analysis depicts maximum direct effect towards grain yield per plant along with biological yield per plant and harvest index.


The current trend towards hosting and cloud computing is the latest popular embrace of the compelling and timeless case for sharing systems resources. The author imagines a world without the essential services of a network operator and examines the cost dimensions of creating an end-to-end fixed or wireless private network from scratch. Investors may query what will be a service provider's most enduring asset.


The discrete spectrum of the pseudo-relativistic Hamiltonian system of two particles with finite masses at fixing total momentum of p system in the case of potential interaction, having the form of Z|r{sub 12}|{sup -{gamma}} at high |r{sub 12}| is studied. In the case of {gamma} < 2 the leading term of the spectral asymptotics is determined. In the case of {gamma} = 2 the conditions of finiteness and infinity of discrete spectrum are derived. They are depending on fixed momentum p that differs the situation under study from the nonrelativistic one.


Orbital Research, Inc., has developed a low-profile, wearable sensor suite for monitoring astronaut health in both intravehicular and extravehicular activities. The Lunar Health Monitor measures respiration, body temperature, electrocardiogram (EKG) heart rate, and other cardiac functions. Orbital Research's dry recording electrode is central to the innovation and can be incorporated into garments, eliminating the need for conductive pastes, adhesives, or gels. The patented dry recording electrode has been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. The LHM is easily worn under flight gear or with civilian clothing, making the system completely versatile for applications where continuous physiological monitoring is needed. During Phase II, Orbital Research developed a second-generation LHM that allows sensor customization for specific monitoring applications and anatomical constraints. Evaluations included graded exercise tests, lunar mission task simulations, functional battery tests, and resting measures. The LHM represents the successful integration of sensors into a wearable platform to capture long-duration and ambulatory physiological markers.


The optical properties in visible – near infrared range of Pd nano-hole arrays (PNA) and Pd thin films under hydrogen absorption – desorption processes have been investigated. The PNA samples show plasmonic resonances with about three times more transmission than that of the Pd thin film samples with a similar thickness. Remarkably, due to the plasmonic effect the PNA samples exhibit two times larger transmission change, normalized to the Pd cover area, under the hydrogen absorption/desorption processes at the Wood's anomaly positions. The PNA sample can be used as a hydrogen sensor that has a better signal-to-noise ratio than the one based on the corresponding Pd thin film. The experimental results are confirmed by the finite-difference time domain (FDTD) calculations.


This paper proposes a decentralized priority based adaptive droop control strategy to charge/discharge the batteries proportionately to achieve energy equivalencing in an autonomous DC microgrid. Due to low reliability index of autonomous DC microgrids, a proper control framework has been proposed in this paper which takes care of changing demand subject to the intermittent behaviour of solar PV array, slow dynamics of solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) and battery longevity constraints. Additionally, DC grid code has been properly maintained throughout its operation. The proposed control strategy is validated in MATLAB/SIMULINK environment to demonstrate its effectiveness for various scenarios.


The application relates to a synchronizing device of a transmission with a synchronous cylindrical body (4) having an external toothing (5). A shift sleeve (6) has an inner toothing (7), wherein the internal gear (7) with the external toothing (5) of the synchronous body (4) meshes achsverschieblich. At least one synchronizing ring (9) includes a ratchet ring (10). On the periphery of the synchronizer body (4) in recesses (11) distributed Vorsynchronisierelemente (12). The Vorsynchronisierelemente (12) are spring-elastically to the shift sleeve (6) engaged and the sliding sleeve (6) locked in a middle position (13). One end face (14) of the ratchet ring (10) has bulges (15) in the direction of the Vorsynchronisierelemente (12), setting a distance (a) between the synchronizer ring (9) and Vorsynchronisierelementen (12).


Sandwich panels have high strength to weight ratio because of their special structure. The variables which are defined for designing sandwich panels should be determined with applying necessary strength and lowest weight. In this paper, the imperialist competitive algorithm (ICA) has been used for minimizing the weight of a sandwich panel with prismatic core based on yielding and buckling criteria. ICA is inspired of imperialist competitions and it is based on two special criteria as recruitment policy and stable imperialist competition. Arrays numbers, core and surface thickness and panel height are assumed as design variables for decreasing panel weight. The results were shown that core and surface thickness and the total height of panel has been increased by increasing loading for given number of arrays. Also the core and surface thickness have been decreased and the total height has been increased by increasing array number for a determined loading and so panel weight has been decreased. A panel with diamond core has highest structure efficiency. By comprising the results, it was shown that ICA is so useful and competitive than the other heuristic algorithms because of direct using of function values and not required to derivation in some problems which was required to the total optimization.


This study aims to examine whether the difference in country-level corporate governance between ASEAN bidding and the target country could explain the performance change (Tobin's Q) following a Cross-border merger and acquisition (CBMA); hence, the CBMA success. Using 142 CBMAs involving ASEAN firms as the bidder over the period 2002 to 2013, the study found that the difference in country-level corporate governance could result in corporate governance spillover through bootstrapping. This has resulted in the improvement of ASEAN bidder corporate governance and positively affected the CBMA success. However, the improvement must be large enough to outweigh the high acquisition cost.