Objeetive To evaluate the therapeutic effect and complications of stapled transanal rectal resection (STARR) for outlet obstructive constipation (OOC ). Methods The data of 214 patients who had undergone STARR for OOC from 2006 to 2009 were collected over a 38 months follow upat the Department of Colorectal Surgery,First People's Hospital of Chenzhou. Results Operations were successful in all patients. One week after operation,functional outcome was positive in 81.7% of the patients (excellent in 41.5%,good in 40.2%),fair in 17.8%,and no response in one patient. Six months after operation,136 patients were followed up. Functional outcome was positive for 80.1% of the patients (excellent in 33.1%,good in 47.1%),fair in 19.1%,and no response in one patient. Hemorrhage,incontinence,cavitas pelvis and retroperitoneal infection or rectovaginal fistula did not appear. Conclusions STARR is a safe and effective treatment for OOC caused by rectal intussusception and rectocele. Comparing with traditional surgery,STARR has such advantages as short hospital stay,short operative time,less complications and fast recovery.


The publicly funded quality bonus scheme in Japanese wheat market provides the government with a unique opportunity for mechanism design to attract high–quality grains, although the present level of bonus is said to be too low to induce changes in producers' behaviour. Based on the production functions formulated and estimated to explain both the yield and the protein content of hard wheat, this study derives the minimum level of quality bonus required to induce domestic producers to target quality rather than quantity, a shift required so that the quality of domestic grains becomes comparable to that of imported commodities. The result suggests that a bonus of ¥70,000 per tonne is required to change producers' behaviour, casting a doubt on the effectiveness of the current scheme set at ¥31,167 per tonne.


In order to investigate the influence of smoking regime on the yields of tar, nicotine and CO in cigarette smoke, 16 cigarette samples were smoked under different smoking regimes, including ISO standard method and alternatives A and C proposed by WG9 of ISO/TC126. The results showed that while comparing with ISO standard, the proposed regimes gave tremendously high yields of tar, nicotine and CO but didn't widen discrepancy between the measurements.


The electronic resources available in a library play a prominent role in facing access to required information to the user in an easy and expeditious manner. The electronic resources like e-books, e-journal, online databases and the internet are slowly replacing the importance and usage of print media. There is a tremendous growth in the number and variety of information resources available on the internet, which becomes an important source for scholarly scientific literature and also more number of information resources as well as the results of scientific and pharmaceutical research are now available on web. This paper describes the use of electronic resources by the students of Institute of Pharmacy at Gandhi Institute of Technology and Management University, Andhra Pradesh, India. A well-structured questionnaire was administered to 200 students to collect the primary data from respondents. A total number of 175 filled-in questionnaires were received showing overall response rate of counterproductive to evaluate students as one group. Majority of pharmacy students (54.85%) used electronic resources for study and research, 20.57% for career development, 17.14% for improving knowledge and 7.42% using electronic resources for finding quick information. Majority of the students (62.85%) use Google as the search engine for using electronic resources. Most of the students (42.28%) use abstractng journals, and majority of the students (33.14%) prefer using Medline as database


Rice is the most popular kharif food crop grown in North India. In Punjab, 75–80% of area under rice is machine-harvested and based on harvest index, 18–20 million tonnes of rice straw production is estimated. Approximately 95% of paddy straw and 25% of wheat straw are burnt every year in Punjab, making the state the major culprit for greenhouse gas emissions. The emissions from wheat crop residues in Punjab are relatively low compared to those from paddy fields. Residue burning in agricultural fields of North India is a major source of smoke, smog and particulate pollution. With the onset of winter months, the decrease in temperature results in a temperature inversion, favouring the accumulation of pollution near the earth's surface, in combination with high relative humidity and other meteorological parameters like calm winds typical of post-monsoon months. The smoke that arises from the burning results in the emission of toxic substances, including PM2.5, CO2, CH4, CO, NOx and SOx in the atmosphere. These emissions have several atmospheric, biospheric and ecological implications. A study conducted by the Agricultural Development and Rural Transformation Centre at the Institute for Social and Economic Change, Bengaluru, reported that harmful effects of this smog account for Rs 76 million of health hazards in rural Punjab only. The vast cloud of smoke in the form of smog resulting from rice residue burning in October not only poses a serious threat to human health, but also to soil and environmental quality. Although a legal ban was imposed on stubble burning in 2005, the practice still continues due to proper non-implementation of the ban. Farmers opt for burning as it is a quick and easy approach for disposal of residue and for cleaning the fields for sowing the next crops like wheat, potato, etc. After rice harvest, the sowing window period for the subsequent wheat crop is narrow. Most of the farmers in North India grow Pusa 44, a late maturing variety. Therefore, for the early vacation of fields, they practice burning of rice straw. An alternative use of paddy straw needs a change in the mindset of farmers with technology innovations along with a huge investment of time, money and energy. The new hope in this direction are the recently released rice varieties (PR-121, PR-126, HKR-47, HKR-47 and HKR127), especially in Punjab and Haryana, that are now not only contributing yield almost at par with the earlier released/ popular long-duration varieties like Pusa 44, but mature 2–3 weeks earlier; thereby, yielding more per unit area, time and inputs, and showing better resource use efficiency. These recent varieties vacate the fields by mid-October, providing farmers enough time for residue management and timely sowing of the succeeding wheat crop. Among newly released varieties, PR-121 has emerged as the most popular among farmers of Punjab, occupying more than 7 lakh ha (30%) during kharif 2016, while the area under the long-duration variety Pusa 44 has come down to 20%. Fire incidents are still reported more in the area where Pusa 44, a long-duration variety, is grown, because farmers have a narrow window for wheat sowing. The Act regarding transplanting date, i.e. not to transplant paddy before 10 June, also helped in decreasing fire incidents by discouraging farmers to grow longduration varieties like Pusa 44. Farmers are well aware of the environmental ill-effects of residue burning, but are forced to do so in the absence of any compensation and easy alternatives. Farmers need to be provided with a subsidy on farm implements like the Happy Seeders, rotavators, straw reapers and balers for managing straw in a sustainable manner, as these are expensive and require heavy machinery for working. The cooperative approach for such heavy machinery may be promoted for effective residue management. Research is underway to evolve rice varieties that may have low silica content, lodging tolerance and high harvest index so that these varieties can easily be decomposed and will strengthen rice residue incorporation practices. The finetuned Happy Seeders are now available that have overcome problems of loose straw and crop emergence, and can easily incorporate the rice residue in the field. In conclusion, burning of rice residue although is a regional incident, its impact is not bound to a specific area, therefore, issues need national concern and northern states like Punjab, Haryana, Delhi, and Uttar Pradesh should act together to mitigate the menace.


In this work, 4,4'-diaminodiphenylmethane bismaleimide (MBMI) is used as matrix, epoxy resin (EP) and polyether sulfone (PES) as toughening agent, PES/EP-MBMI multi-phase composites are prepared, the composite could be applied in more fields. The results of SEM photos and energy spectrum analysis show that PES existed a strong interaction with EP-MBMI molecule and the surface of two phases is not clear and fuzzy, PES as the dispersed phase and dispersed uniformly in the PES/EP-MBMI composite. The interface among phases is blurs and exists the mutual penetration phenomenon, furthermore the cross section of the crack is rough and the direction changes, which is a typical ductile fracture morphology. The excellent performance of composite material is 4wt% PES/EP-MBMI, which has the highest flexural strength and impact strength of 144.9MPa and 19.6kJ/m2 respectively, increasing by 41.2% and 90% compared with the EP-MBMI matrix resin. Meanwhile, the addition of PES leads to the increase of the dielectric constant and dielectric loss of the composites. Both of them increased slightly and the properties of composites are the best when the content of PES is 4wt% Overall, this study could facilitate EP-MBMI composites application in a broad range.


Objective To study the effects ofCelastrus orbiculatus extracts (COE) on the expression of VEGF and CECs of Hepal-6 tumor bearing mice. Methods Animal Models of Hepal-6 portability liver tumor bearing mice were established and randomly assigned to six groups (eight mice per group) as follows: untreated control group, solvent vehicle control (DMSO) group, physiological saline control group, cisplatin-treated group, and different dosages COE-treated groups (40 rag&g, 20 mg/kg, 10 mg/kg) , To approach the effects of COE on the expression of VEGF and CECs in Hepal-6 toumor bearing mice. Results The ELISA and flow cytometer showed that COE could significantly inhibit the expression of VEGF(45.24± 21.36) p g/ml and CECs (0.83±0.10) % compared with the physiological saline control group (P 〈 0.01 ) with the dose of 20mg/kg. Conclusion COE could significantly down-regulate the expression of VEGF and CECs. It may be related with the effect of COE in inhibiting angiogenesis of tumor.

Key words:
Celastrusorbiculatus;  Angiogenesis;  CECs;  VEGF


De novo CD5+ diffuse large B‐cell lymphomas (DLBCL) are a distinct subgroup of DLBCL with poor prognosis. However the role of rituximab‐containing therapy and salvage stem cell transplantation in this patients' population remain to be defined. We retrospectively reviewed clinical features and outcomes of 102 patients with de novo CD5+ DLBCL treated with rituximab‐containing therapy at nine different institutions. By Hans' criteria, 64 patients had activated B‐cell (ABC) subtype, 24 germinal center B‐cell (GCB) subtype, and 14 were not evaluated. No patients had a myc translocation. Eighty‐three patients were treated with rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, prednisone (R‐CHOP), 7 with rituximab, etoposide, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, prednisone (R‐EPOCH), and 6 with R‐CHOP with methotrexate, 3 g/m2. The overall response rate to front‐line therapy was 85%. The 3‐year progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) for all patients were 40 and 65%, respectively. The 3‐year PFS for ABC‐ and GCB‐subtypes was 34 and 45%, respectively. The 3‐year OS for ABC‐ and GCB‐subtypes was 62 and 67%, respectively. The median time to second treatment failure was 3 months and 1 month for ABC‐ and GCB‐subtypes, respectively. Twenty of 28 (71%) transplanted patients with autologous, allogeneic, or both, relapsed. This study confirms the poor prognosis of de novo CD5+ DLBCL in a large multi‐center cohort despite initial rituximab‐containing chemotherapy and suggests that stem cell transplantation fails to salvage the majority of these patients. Approaches to prevent recurrence and/or novel therapies for relapsed disease are needed for this subgroup of DLBCL patients. Am. J. Hematol. 91:395–399, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.


Health insurance system reformin China will help to consolidate and develop community health service.Firstly,the principle of dependency administration calls for consolidation and development of community health service.Secondly,standardization of health insurance system administration including provision of pharmaceuticals and diagnosis and treatment service lists,supervision of medical expenditure,and standardized management of means of fund-raising,could facilitate to develop community health service.Thirdly,considering lower expenditure requirement for entering overall planning fund and individual payment proportion,more and more patients will be willing to choose community health service.


Differential equations of the form f ′′+A(z)f ′ +B(z)f = 0 (*) are considered, where A(z) and B(z) 6≡ 0 are entire functions. The Lindelöf function is used to show that for any ρ ∈ (1/2,∞), there exists an equation of the form (*) which possesses a solution f of order ρ with a Nevanlinna deficient value at 0, where f,A(z), B(z) satisfy a common growth condition. It is known that such an example cannot exist when ρ ≤ 1/2. For smaller growth functions, a geometrical modification of an example of Anderson and Clunie is used to show that for any ρ ∈ (2,∞), there exists an equation of the form (*) which possesses a solution f of logarithmic order ρ with a Valiron deficient value of at 0, where f,A(z), B(z) satisfy an analogous growth condition. This result is essentially sharp. In both proofs, the separation of the zeros of the indicated solution plays a key role. Observations on the deficient values of solutions of linear differential equations are also given, which include a discussion of Wittich's theorem on Nevanlinna deficient values, a modified Wittich theorem for Valiron deficient values, consequences of Gol'dberg's theorem, and examples to illustrate possibilities that can occur.


A new configuration of the chemical reaction heat pump system using 2-propanol dehydrogenation and acetone hydrogenation reactions was proposed in this study. To overcome the intrinsic thermodynamic limitation of chemical reaction heat pump systems, the reactive distillation process was adopted. Through the experimental study, the new configuration showed the better performance compared to previous ones. This study revealed a new design possibility of the thermodynamically efficient and economically chemical reaction heat pump system.


Abstract : An earlier discussion of the capacity of the mean-square-constrained Poisson channel is continued. Using a theorem of Hoefding, it is shown that the channel information capacity is the same with or without an on-off keying (OOK) constraint on the channel encoder intensity, affirmatively resolving the conjecture made in our earlier discussion. Thus the known formula for the information capacity of the OOK-constrained channel applies as well in the absence of an OOk constraint. Adapting arguments used by Wyner to address the peak-constrained Poisson channel, it is also shown that the coding capacity with no OOK constraint is equal to the corresponding information capacity. This establishes that all four capacities - coding and information, with and without OOK-constrained encoder - are equal.


Gaussian filtering in one, two or three dimensions is among the most commonly needed tasks in signal and image processing. Finite impulse response filters in the time domain with Gaussian masks are easy to implement in either floating or fixed point arithmetic, because Gaussian kernels are strictly positive and bounded. But these implementations are slow for large images or kernels. With the recursive IIR-filters and FFT-based methods, there are at least two alternative methods to perform Gaussian filtering in a faster way, but so far they are only applicable when floating-point hardware is available. In this paper, a fixed-point implementation of recursive Gaussian filtering is discussed and applied to isotropic and anisotropic image filtering by making use of a non-orthogonal separation scheme of the Gaussian filter.


Synthetic lethality refers to the requirement that two defects be present for cell death to occur. When an agent damages DNA, its effects on the cell can be amplified if the efforts of the cell to repair the damage are inhibited. Clinical application of this idea is just beginning.


Summary Cats with the Chediak-Higashi syndrome (CHS) have a platelet storage pool deficiency (SPD). Ten CHS cats were transfused with a concentrate of 51Cr-labeled platelets prepared from normal donor cats. Gne hour after transfusion, the donor platelet count in CHS recipient cats was 40,000-60,000/μl. Bleeding time before transfusion was 9.1 ± 3.0 min. When donor platelet count in CHS cats was 50,000/μl, bleeding time was 1.7 ± 0.2 min. Bleeding time of normal cats was 1.4 ± 0.3 min. Bleeding time increased to 3.3 ± 0.2 min and to 5.3 ± 0.2 min when the platelet count was 30,000/μl, and 15,000/μl, respectively. The close inverse relationship between bleeding time and number of donor platelets in CHS cats (r = —0.92), suggests that prolonged bleeding time is due to a platelet abnormality, that platelet transfusion can effectively correct prolonged bleeding time in an animal model of platelet SPD and that CHS cats may be an appropriate animal model to evaluate hemostatic capabilities of transfused platelets.


Professional guidelines in the U.S. do not recommend routine screening mammography for women ≥75 years with limited life expectancy and/or poor health. Yet, routine mammography remains widely used in older women. We examined older women's experiences, beliefs, and opinions about screening mammography in relation to aging and health.


BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES
Minimal-access endoscope-assisted techniques have been adapted for facial rejuvenation surgery over the past 5 years, allowing smaller incisions, limited dissection, and shorter recovery times. Their increasing popularity prompted the author to investigate their application in facial trauma patients.

METHODS AND MATERIALS
Endoscope-assisted minimal-access surgical approaches were developed in cadavers and applied in the management of frontal sinus, orbital floor, and orbitozygomatic complex fractures over a 3-year period. At a Level 1 regional trauma center, these techniques were applied in 33 of 161 patients with facial fractures. Surgical techniques, applications of endoscope technology, and indications/contraindications are presented. A technique, known as the pulse test, was developed for assessing the integrity of the orbital floor.

RESULTS AND/OR CONCLUSIONS
Endoscope-assisted minimal-access surgical techniques have a definite but perhaps limited application in the diagnosis, as well as in some aspects of the surgical treatment of fractures of the anterior table frontal sinus, orbitozygoma, and orbital floor. New indications for these techniques will depend upon the development of improved instrumentation.


Near-infrared spectra from the Visible and Infrared Thermal Imaging Spectrometer (VIRTIS) on Venus Express provide the opportunity for investigating and constraining a wide range of atmospheric parameters for Venus. The aim of this work is to exploit the wealth of data available from Venus Express to better understand the behaviour of the Venusian clouds, which are known to play a significant role in the radiative balance of the planet. Initial work comparing forward models of the 2.3 μm window region (Allen & Crawford 1984) with VIRTISM-IR data has resulted in a better 4-mode cloud model for the lowto mid-latitude regions of the planet. Possible mesoscale variation in the cloud is indicated by a comparison of the data with values from radiative transfer calculations using branching plots of radiances at two different wavelengths. When the ratio of radiances at 2.53 and 2.4 μm is approximately related to the cloud base altitude, a correlation between high base altitude and low cloud opacity is observed. Further goals are to further investigate the differences found by Wilson et al. (2008) in the cloud structure in the polar regions, examine the effects of variations in the composition and size of cloud aerosol particles, and look for evidence of the sub-cloud haze postulated by Satoh et al. (2009). Once the model is sufficiently advanced, the eventual aim is to use it in conjunction with the Nemesis radiative transfer and retrieval tool (Irwin et al. 2008) to study mesoscale variations in the cloud and haze and relate such variations to dynamics, gaseous abundances and volcanism.


Currently, there is an increase in the number of environmental violations and the environmental damage they cause. The article presents the results of the study of the legal framework and the practice of law enforcement to determine environmental damage, its scope, and possible compensation. The objective is to define the powers, functions, and roles of the agencies responsible for enforcing the law to guarantee environmental compensation. It is studied from the bibliographical, analytical, and critical review of the legal regulation, the practice of applying the law, and the scientific opinions on the compensation for damage to the environment. It is concluded that adequate environmental compensation depends directly on the activities of law enforcement agencies to identify and suppress environmental crimes and carry out administrative or criminal proceedings against offenders. The particularities of filing a civil lawsuit as a tool to repair the damage caused by an environmental crime are considered, focused on organizational and legal issues that negatively affect the effectiveness of environmental rights protection, as mentioned above, including the environmental incompetence of those who investigate crimes in that sphere and the shortcomings of judicial practice in determining the environmental damage. The main mechanisms to ensure the participation of law enforcement agencies in the calculation of environmental compensation, which has been developed in world practice, are presented. The authors made proposals for improving the existing organizational and legal framework and leveling the shortcomings of law enforcement practice.


X-ray tube is one of the key components of X-ray apparatus,and the parameter of voltage/current is also important for X-ray tubes.Traditional measurements can detect the value error of the voltage/current of X-ray tube apparatus,but they can not reflect the quality of the tube voltage/current.To solve this problem,according to the analysis of the quality factors of the X-ray,the measurement for X-ray tube voltage/current is presented based on Q-factor and its derived QL and QH-factor when X-ray tube energy bandwidth is defined.The validity of the method which was certified by several simulation and testing shows that this method is the supplement for the traditional one and it can more accurately reflect the quality characteristics of the X-ray tube voltage/current.


Current collecting device for a track-guided toy vehicle (1) designed to operate on a roadway (2), built from a in a chassis (3) electric motor (15) is driven and has an electric motor-supporting chassis, said power take-off means ribbon-like contact elements (12 , 13), and (to the busbars 9 and 10) of the track (2) adjacent contact elements (12 and 13) and the guide plates (45) for track guidance of an exchange unit (16) are supported, characterized in that the doffing (16) for the contact elements (12 and 13) comprises a housing (17) having a drawer-like slide (19), between which the guide plate (45) carrying the slide (19) and the housing (17) comprising the contact lugs (24) contact elements (12 and 13) are fixed, and that between the slide (19) and housing (17) is a snap lock (39) is effective, the resilient locking element (40) on the Gehau having sewand (32), which defines the slide (19) in-out direction (C).


in early Parkinson disease: the TEMPO Study. Arch Neurol 2002;59:1937–1943. 25. Parkinson Disease Study Group. A randomized placebocontrolled trial of rasagiline in levodopa-treated patients with Parkinson disease and motor fluctuations: the PRESTO study. Arch Neurol 2005;62:241–248. 26. Parkinson Disease Study Group. A controlled, randomized, delayed-start study of rasagiline in early Parkinson disease. Arch Neurol 2004;61:561–566. 27. Jenner P. Preclinical evidence for neuroprotection with monoamine oxidase-B inhibitors in Parkinson's disease. Neurology 2004;63:S13–S22. 28. Murer MG, Dziewczapolski G, Menalled LB, et al. Chronic levodopa is not toxic for remaining dopamine neurons, but instead promotes their recovery, in rats with moderate nigrostriatal lesions. Ann Neurol 1998;43:561–575. 29. Parkinson Study Group. Dopamine transporter brain imaging to assess the effects of pramipexole vs levodopa on Parkinson disease progression. JAMA2002;287:1653–1661. 30. Whone AL, Watts RL, Stoessl AJ, et al. Slower progression of Parkinson's disease with ropinirole versus levodopa: the REALPET study. Ann Neurol 2003;54:93–10. 31. Schapira AH, Olanow CW. Neuroprotection in Parkinson disease: mysteries, myths, and misconceptions. JAMA 2004; 291:358–364.


performing fast and acrobatic flight manoeuvres. This flight behaviour must have important consequences for vision. First, fast turns can lead to motion blur, impairing vision of spatial details (Srinivasan and Bernard, 1975). Second, turns interrupt the pattern of optic flow that reveals the three-dimensional structure of the surroundings during translation (Koenderink, 1986). In principle, these adverse effects of flight behaviour can be alleviated by compensatory eye movements (Carpenter, 1988; Land, 1973, 1975; Steinman and Collewijn, 1980). For blowflies, with their compound eyes fixed to the head, these eye movements correspond to head movements. The head of blowflies has appreciable freedom of movement because the neck is flexible and controls head posture via an elaborate system of muscles (Strausfeld et al., 1987; Hengstenberg, 1992). Experiments on tethered flies show that head movements can indeed be used to partly compensate thorax rotations (roll, Hengstenberg et al., 1986; Hengstenberg, 1992; yaw, Land, 1973, 1975). In the studies of Land (1973, 1975), thorax rotations in the yaw direction (rotation around a vertical axis) occurred in fast steps (called thorax saccades). Between these saccades, the thorax and, in particular, the head were more stable. These experiments were subsequently challenged by Geiger and Poggio (1977), who argued that the saccadic behaviour was an artefact attributable to the appreciable mass and inertial momentum added to the animal by the tether. Using a lighter tether, they were unable to repeat the observations of Land (1973, 1975). Subsequent measurements on insects in free flight, however, have supported the existence of thorax saccades at least (Syritta pipiens, Collett, 1980; Musca domestica, Wagner, 1986). Unfortunately, using the techniques available (video and film), these experiments were unable to resolve head movements, gave little or no information on roll movements and had a rather low temporal resolution (typically 20 ms). With the development of a modified search coil technique suitable for measuring position and orientation in (almost) freely flying blowflies (Schilstra and van Hateren, 1998a,b, 1999), it has now become possible to re-address this question of how the head and thorax move during flight. The new technique was developed specifically to provide information about the spatiotemporal input received by the blowfly eye during normal flight: this input can be reconstructed from the stimuli on the walls of the flight cage and from the measured eye positions and orientations. The statistical properties of this input play an important role in recent theories of early visual processing (see van Hateren, 1992a,b). A full analysis of this input is beyond the scope of the present article, however. Instead, we will concentrate on the detailed properties of the head movements occurring during thorax saccades (see Schilstra and van Hateren, 1999). It is shown that the free-flight behaviour of blowflies can be separated into two sets of 1491 The Journal of Experimental Biology 202, 1491–1500 (1999) Printed in Great Britain © The Company of Biologists Limited 1999 JEB1990


The treatment of large bony defects following osteomyelitis and trauma with skin damage is challenging. This paper reports the results of fibular transplant for tibial defects. Between 1990 and 2000, five children aged four to nine years were treated. Four had pyogenic osteomyelitis and one a compound fracture with bone loss. All had large wounds on the medial aspect of the tibia. Before reconstruction, conservative treatment lasted five to six months. Sequestrectomy and debridement were performed before fibular transfer. At surgery the fibula was divided below the physis and transferred to the remaining tibia, deep to the tibialis anterior muscle belly. In two cases the fibula was fixed to the lateral aspect of the tibia with screws, and in three into the metaphysis with K-wires. Bone graft was packed around the transfer. Immobilised in a cast for four to six months, the leg was later protected with a calliper. Follow-up ranged from 9 months to 10 years. All children are ambulant, four with callipers and one independently. The latter shows evidence of tibialisation of the fibula. Follow-up continues and the remaining four transfers show solid union and signs of fibular hypertrophy. Osteomyelitis remains a crippling condition that results in bone defects. Fibular transfer is a salvage procedure and an alternative to ablation in cases of severe bone loss with infection and scarring. It should be reserved for difficult cases with extensive defects where conventional bone grafting is not possible.


Network Function Virtualization and Software Defined Networking promise to radically innovate the way network services are provisioned, especially in terms of dynamic and flexible service delivery. Although the problem of NFV/SDN orchestration is recently gaining increasing interest, the problem of how effectively realizing the as-a-service exposure of network functions and services remains essentially uninvestigated. Leveraging service-oriented principles and best practices, in this paper we propose a two-layer service-oriented description model and a logical architecture for network service provisioning distinguishing business and orchestration scopes. Our proposal takes into account ETSI specifications for NFV orchestration and intent-based abstractions for the SDN controller northbound interface. We present a preliminary validation of the proposed approach focusing on the orchestration layer, based on a Proof of Concept development and testing. Finally, we discuss future work.


Background: This retrospective study aims to determine the epidemiological features of deaths caused by unintentional suffocation among infants in China, with a focus on environmental and sociodemographic factors may contribute to these deaths.Methods: Data were obtained from China's under 5 Child Mortality Surveillance System (U5CMSS) from October 1, 2015 to September 30, 2016. A total of 377 children under 1 year of age who died from unintentional suffocation were included in the survey. Primary caregivers were interviewed individually using the Unintentional Suffocation Mortality among Children under 5 Questionnaire. EpiData was used to establish the database, and the results were analysed using SPSS 22.0.Results: Most (85.9%) unintentional infant suffocations occurred in rural areas, and 67.5% occurred in infants 0 to 3 months old. Among the primary caregivers of the infants, most (82.7%) had a junior middle school education or below, and 83.1% of them lacked unintentional suffocation first aid skills. Of the 377 unintentional suffocated-infant deaths, the causes of death were unintentional suffocation and strangulation in bed (ASSB) (193, 51.2%), inhalation suffocation (154, 40.8%), other unintentional suffocation (6, 1.6%), and unknown (24, 6.4%). Among the infant deaths due to ASSB, overlaying (88.6%) was the frequently reported circumstance. A total of 93.8% of cases were reported to occur during co-sleeping/bed sharing with parents, and in 72.8% of the cases, the infants were covered with the same quilt as their parents. In our study, most inhalation suffocation deaths (88.3%) involved liquid food (such as breast milk and formula milk). A total of 80.5% of infant deaths were reported to occur after eating; in 28.2% of those cases, the infants were held upright and patted by their caregivers, and in 57.2% of them, were laid down to sleep immediately after eating.Conclusions: To reduce the occurrence of unintentional suffocation, local government should strengthen knowledge and awareness of unintentional suffocation prevention and safety among parents and caregivers, healthcare providers should educate parents and caregivers about safety issues of unintentional suffocation and relevant policies should be introduced to provide environments and activities that reduce the risk of suffocation such as promoting the Safe to Sleep Campaign. It is important to enhance the focus on infant unintentional suffocation as a health issue.


In my paper on "The financial system and its significance for the development and growth of innovative SMEs in the regional context" (presented at the ersa97 conference) I investigated the process of financing innovative SMEs during their different phases of development and the impact financial institutions have on their growth over and above the pure provision of capital. I argued that a financial system has to consist of different types of actors able to deal with the different financial needs of innovative SMEs during their development phases and has to be characterised by well established networks between these actors to fulfil its capital providing function and that this function is inseparably connected with its supervising and resource creating powers which in turn have a major influence on the development and growth of innovative SMEs in the regional context. Based on the results of this previous work, additional theoretical and empirical studies, available secondary data and a survey of Austrian equity capital suppliers conducted by the author, the current paper analyses the specific Austrian situation: The capabilities of the financial system to support SMEs' growth and the potential effects recently implemented measures and initiatives to improve SMEs' access to financial resources could actually have. I will argue that the main obstacles to provide growth capital to innovative SMEs are caused by the Austrian financial system being strongly credit-based, the procedures used by Austrian banks to provide credits and above all the insufficient availability of equity-based financial instruments. Recently established initiatives and support programmes to activate equity capital markets are useful but they do not fully exhaust potentials available and they do not cover regional dimensions of the financing process, which are so essential in supporting SMEs growth. Therefore the paper will propose several new instruments, designed to close existing gaps and to cope with the drawbacks of the current situation, e.g.: Existing guarantee schemes should be supplemented by elements offering incentives for private Venture Capital Funds to provide more early stage financing. And Existing regional equity capital funds supplying public money should provide incentives for private funds to co-invest in young high-tech firms, thereby supporting the development of financial networks, which improve risk-sharing procedures and accelerate flows of information and know-how between financial actors.


EMC compliance for a system is largely about managing the cable design. The most disruptive interference sources are always devices that are not designed to transmit anything, and tend to be part of the overall system design. EMI is distributed by cable structures, so the main job is to identify coupling paths and develop techniques to minimise the tendency of wires to become antennae.


In the Crito, Socrates refuses an opportunity to escape from jail, and, to justify his decision, he embraces a philosophy of law that appears to condemn all illegal acts whatever. Yet this dialogue insists that one should never, in any circumstances, voluntarily do what is unjust. What then of unjust laws? Are they possible? If so, are we to obey them and thus do what is unjust, or disobey them and thus act illegally? Did Socrates simply fail to realize that his commitments to justice and legality might conflict? This problem is compounded by an apparent conflict, in tone and substance, between the Apology and the Crito. In the former work, Socrates boasts that he ignored an unjust order of the Thirty Oligarchs, and he says that, if his present jurors told him to give up philosophy, he would disobey them too. Yet why should the Crito's sweeping condemnation of political disobedience apply to escape from jail but not also to the defiance Socrates displays in the Apology? New answers to these familiar questions appear in two recent books. G. Santas's Socrates, a work that covers diverse topics in Plato's early dialogues, contains a lengthy and subtle analysis of the Apology and Crito. His central idea is that the Crito presents prima facie reasons in favor of obeying the law, and, as the Apology indicates, these reasons can be outweighed by conflicting considerations. Accordingly, there will sometimes be circumstances-the Crito provides one example-in which obeying the law is obligatory, while there will be other circumstancesmentioned in the Apology-which call for disobedience. A different approach is adopted by A. D. Woozley in a different sort of book. He focuses primarily on the Crito, and his concern is not simply to interpret this dialogue but also to subject its legal rigorism to detailed criticism. He finds its arguments interestingly bad, and, unlike Santas, he believes there is no way to resolve the tension between those passages that require subservience to authority and those that permit disobedience. The Crito's


Nalidixic acid based triazole derivatives such as arylideneamino triazoles (V), triazolothiadiazoles (VI) and (VIII), triazolothiadiazinedione (X), triazolothiadiazine (XII), acylaminotriazoles, and mercaptotriazole are prepared in good yields.


Computerized provider order entry (CPOE) is proposed to improve overall delivery of health care by increasing medication safety, decreasing cost, and improving efficiency of health care providers. As the health care industry continues to incorporate information technology into daily operations, the impact on provider work activities will be important to evaluate. Existing literature on health information technology implementation has predominantly come from internally developed programs that were designed specifically for the institution in which they reside. The University of Utah Hospital is a 450-bed academic health care center that implemented a commercially available CPOE system. The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of CPOE implementation on decentral and central pharmacist work activities as measured by a work sampling evaluation. Participants used the Divilbiss Electronics JD-7 Random Reminder for data collection in order to assess the proportion of time each pharmacist spent on itemized work activities. The data collection form was organized according to Clinical, Professional, and Technical work activities. Data were collected before CPOE implementation in April 2009 and 6 months after implementation in November 2009. Data were summed by category and evaluated as nonparametric data using chi-square analysis. Results demonstrated significant


Change of the number of the military technical officer maintenance staff of different levels in equipment maintain department has the characteristics of radomicity and non-aftereffect property, uses Markov chain to forecast and adjust the number of the maintenance staff. Based on the rationale of Markov chain, constructs the number forecast model of the maintenance staff, confirms the transition matrix of probability, and forecasts the maintenance staff number of different levels of an equipment maintain department from 2010 to 2012.


Predicting surface roughness value before machining parts on a CNC lathe is very important. Improving quality and reducing cost, is possible by choosing optimum cutting parameters, using predictive models not by trial and error method. Surface roughness is an important measure of product quality since it greatly influences the performance of the mechanical parts as well as the production cost optimization of machining parameters not only increases the utility for machining economics, but also the product quality increases to a great extent. The study is focused on applicability of CNC turning machine to perform operation on Aluminum Alloy 6351T6 Material, which is having various advantages and applications. The study has resulted in arriving at factor level combinations corresponding to minimum value of surface roughness and maximum value of material removal rate.


The chemical composition and properties of fuels used in compression-ignition engines can influence engine performance significantly. Consequently, the modeling of fuel chemistry within computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations of diesel and other compression ignition engines is important. Modern detailed chemical mechanisms may provide predictive modeling of fuel chemistry; however, they are generally far too computationally expensive for use in CFD. We present simulations of diesel engine combustion, focusing on the prediction of ignition, using the CONVERGE CFD software package. A CFD simulation framework with models for turbulence and spray breakup and atomization is presented with a reduced global reaction model to describe fuel oxidation and ignition. The global reaction model incorporates a single parameter, the derived cetane number (DCN), to describe fuel reactivity variability. CFD simulations are compared to experiments carried out in a single-cylinder diesel engine for compositionally diverse conventional and alternative diesel and jet fuels. Model-experiment comparisons show general agreement for ignition timing and the influence of fuel variability on ignition timing. In addition, the sensitivity of CFD predictions on the chemistry, turbulence, and spray models is illustrated.Copyright © 2014 by ASME


This study aims to clarify the historical transition of the Public Retail Market in pre-war Osaka city on following 3 aspects. 1. The urban policies and social position of the Public Retail Market were analyzed through papers of Hajime SEKI and Osaka's Council minutes. 2. The historical transition of the Public Retail Market were classified by the analysis of gross floor area, structure, plan, elevation and section drawings of 21 buildings. 3. How the Public Retail Market had played the role as the core of the living environment was shown by the survey of two case.


In order to breed wheat varieties with high yield and high drought resistance,the drought resistance of 196 wheat germplasms was divided into six types,including Triticum turgiduum subsp.turgiduum,T.turgiduum subsp.durum,T.aestivum subsp.aestivum,T.aestivum subsp.compactum,T.aestivum subsp.Yunnanense etc.landraces and the obsolete varieties or lines of T.aestivum subsp.aestivum were evaluated using a natural drought and irrigated condition during the whole growing period in Yunnan Province and the relativity between drought resistance index(IDR) and main agricultural traits was also analyzed.The results showed that drought resistance of Yunmai42 was higher than those of Yunmai39 and Yunxuan11-12,and it was a standard check variety for excavating materials of the high drought resistance of wheat gerplasm during whole growing period in Yunnan.Fourty-eight wheat germplasms with stronger(IDR≥1.1) drought resistance were screened out,which accounted for 24.2% of all the test materials,and the drought resistance of the six tyepes of materials was obvious different,whose order was T.turgiduum subsp.turgidum T.aestivum subsp.Compactum T.aestivum subsp.Yunnanense T.turgiduum subsp.durum T.aestivum subsp.aestivum the obsolete varieties or lines.The relativity between IDR and the number of grain per ear(r = 0.525*),thousand kernel mass(r =-0.719 **) without irrigated condition and between IDR and effective spikes per plant(r =-0.399**),thousand kernel mass(r = 0.342*) in irrigated condition was significant,which could be used as three supplementary morphological traits of identifying the drought-resistant ability of wheat varieties and materials during whole growing period.


The author presents a careful analysis of the Book of Jonah to demonstrate that from beginning to end, in form and content, in diction, phraseology and style Jonah [is] a masterpiece of rhetoric. The author shows that the aim of the rhetoric is first to warn religious leaders against Jonah-like behavior and, second, to caution the general reader against a smug certitude that leads inevitably to the condemnation of those who do not agree. Moreover, the author's painstaking exegesis of the Book of Jonah indicates not only how carefully and subtly crafted the book is but also how much care the reader must take if he or she wishes to understand it.


Background The aims of the present study were to investigate the relationships between prior direct oral anticoagulant (DOAC) therapy and infarct volume and the site of arterial occlusion in patients with acute ischemic stroke and non‐valvular atrial fibrillation. Methods and Results From March 2011 through November 2016, consecutive patients with acute ischemic stroke in the middle cerebral artery territory and non‐valvular atrial fibrillation were recruited. The infarct volume was assessed semi‐automatically using initial diffusion‐weighted imaging, and the arterial occlusion site was evaluated on magnetic resonance angiography. The effect of prior DOAC treatment on the site of arterial occlusion was assessed by multivariate ordinal logistic regression analysis. A total of 330 patients (149 women; median age 79 [quartiles 71–86] years; median National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score 11 [4–21]) were enrolled. Of these, 239 were on no anticoagulant, 40 were undertreated with a vitamin K antagonist (VKA), 22 were sufficiently treated with VKA (PT‐INR ≥1.6), and 29 were on a DOAC before the acute ischemic stroke. The infarct volume on admission differed among the groups (median 14.5 [2.0–59.8] cm3 in patients with no anticoagulation, 24.8 [2.1–63.0] in undertreated VKA, 1.3 [0.3–13.5] in sufficient VKA, and 2.3 [0.5–21.0] in DOAC, P=0.001). Multivariate analysis showed that prior DOAC treatment was independently and negatively associated with more proximal artery occlusion (odds ratio [OR] 0.34, P=0.015), compared with no anticoagulant. Conclusions DOAC treatment before the event was associated with smaller infarct volume and decreased risk of greater proximal artery occlusion in acute ischemic stroke patients with non‐valvular atrial fibrillation, compared with no anticoagulation.


Bean leafroll luteovirus (BLRV) was shown to infect naturally a range of winter-grown legumes in northern New South Wales. Identification was by symptoms, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA), a reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) test, and transmissibility.


This paper describes a high-order Galerkin technique, which is based on indirect/integrated radial-basis-function networks (IRBFNs) and Cartesian grids, for the discretisation of elliptic problems in two dimensions. The field variable is approximated by high-order IRBFNs that
can work on uniform grids without suffering from Runge's phenomenon. Unlike conventional Galerkin techniques, derivative boundary values are incorporated into the approximations and their imposition is conducted in an exact manner. The Galerkin formulation is then applied to
force IRBFNs to satisfy the governing equation. The present technique is verified numerically through the solution natural convection in a square slot - a benchmark problem in CFD. Highly accurate solutions are obtained using relatively coarse grids, which show the effectiveness of using RBFs as trial functions in the Galerkin formulation.


Feminism, psychoanalysis and literary interpretation have more in common than their early histories might seem to suggest – or promise. Each of these intellectual and socially engaged activities is based on premises (about text, psyche and culture) that undermine familiar or received wisdom. At times, they seem to ignore one another, but often they have coincided – and collided – in startling and productive ways. What follows is an overview of a challenging set of engagements – beginning with Freud's analyses of female hysterics in the 1890s, continuing into the 1920s with the first wave of feminist encounter with Freud, jumping to the early second-wave critique of Freud's oedipal phallocentrism, then moving to an interrogation of the possibilities of pre-oedipal subversion into something that we might describe as our current decentred, post-Freudian, post-postmodernist era. STORIES OF ORIGIN The story of psychoanalysis, insofar as it may be said to begin with Freud's co-authored Studies on Hysteria (1895/1986), may also be said to begin with a woman – referred to as Anna O. in the case history reported by Freud and his mentor Josef Breuer. Anna O., who suffered from partial paralysis and aphasia (an inability to speak in her native German, though she was capable of speaking English, French and Italian), is described by Freud and Breuer as effecting her own cure by freely associating each of her symptoms to their point of origin in her conflicted feelings about nursing her father in his last illness.


The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of feeding pigmented feed (50 ppm astaxanthin) to diploid or triploid Arctic charr, Salvelinus alpinus, on growth rate, color of fillets, and the variability of color within fillets. Arctic charr with an average weight of 419.9 g ± 83.3 g, including both diploid (n = 72) and triploid (n = 72) fish, were allotted to each treatment: 0, 3 or 6 months of pigmented feed before slaughter. Color assessment was made using a portable reflected light colorimeter in the CIE 1976 L* a* b* color system mode. Feeding a pigmented diet to Arctic charr delayed sexual maturity in male Arctic charr and to a certain extent in females, but also slightly reduced the rate of growth. With increasing time on the pigmented diet, color parameters of the flesh increased as well as the variability in color. Triploid fish had more intense color assessments for each dietary treatment than the diploid fish.


We address the challenging problem of tracking a moving target in cluttered environments using a quadrotor. Our online trajectory planning method generates smooth, dynamically feasible, and collision-free polynomial trajectories that follow a visually-tracked moving target. As visual observations of the target are obtained, the target trajectory can be estimated and used to predict the target motion for a short time horizon. We propose a formulation to embed both limited horizon tracking error and quadrotor control costs in the cost function for a quadratic programming (QP), while encoding both collision avoidance and dynamical feasibility as linear inequality constraints for the QP. Our method generates tracking trajectories in the order of milliseconds and is therefore suitable for online target tracking with a limited sensing range. We implement our approach on-board a quadrotor testbed equipped with cameras, a laser range finder, an IMU, and onboard computing. Statistical analysis, simulation, and real-world experiments are conducted to demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach.


Attribute profiles (APs) are among the most prominent "shallow" spatial-spectral pixel description methods, providing multi-scale, flexible and efficient pixel descriptions, even with modest amounts of training data. In this paper, we investigate their collaboration with long short-term memory networks (LSTMs). Our hypothesis is that a profile can be viewed as a "scale-series" and LSTMs can exploit their sequential nature, akin to temporal series. Plus, feeding a deep network with input of already strong descriptive potential (such as APs) can help them produce advanced features more efficiently w.r.t. training from scratch. Moreover, contrary to the state-of-the-art, we report the results of experiments conducted with non-overlapping training and testing sets, highlighting a significant boost of performance through the combined use of APs with LSTMs.


Abstract A turbulent manufacturing market, especially in the metal industry, determines the quality of products and the level of production efficiency, which contributes to a company's market position and competitiveness. The aim of the study was to develop a model to define a manufacturing company's current market position using KPIs in relation to a key product - gearbox casting. The company's position was defined in terms of the relationship occurring between technological capabilities and market position. An additional aim of the study was to identify critical determinants and, ultimately, to identify conditions for strengthening market position. As a test of the proposed model, the position of the analysed company (in terms of technological capabilities and market position) was defined as "Search for occasions" - box 9 within the 3×3 matrix. Technological determinants that weaken the company's position (low level of maintenance capacity and long production cycle time) and determinants with a strong negative impact on market position (low level of human resource development) were identified. An element of novelty is the use of KPIs as variables determining the position of the company within the 3×3 matrix, which is indicative of a specific technological position in the market. Further lines of research will concern the determination of appropriate KPIs in relation to the identified critical areas of the company. Subsequent steps will concern the implications of the model in relation to the company's other key aluminium alloy castings.


The Al-Cu-Fe system is known to contain quasicrystalline phase which was reported by many scientists as the stable phase. In this work, the effect of the processing conditions on the formation of quasicrystals and other intermetallics in this system was studied. The experimental alloys were prepared by casting, melt spinning and SHS (Self-propagating High-temperature Synthesis) methods. It has been found that the increase of the cooling rate promotes the formation of the Al60Cu30Fe10 quasicrystalline phase. The thermal stability of the quasicrystals was studied by annealing of the alloys at 300 and 500°C.


This article describes the development of an Internet-based instructional platform, which aims to guide EFL college students in learning and practicing oral presentation skills. Genre-based instruction and insights from L2 pragmatic instructional research inspired the platform's design. The instructional units in the online platform engage learners in a comparative analysis of rhetorical and language features at both expert speaker and learner speech levels and scaffold the learners in utilizing these features to deliver practice presentations. Documenting the four EFL students' experiences using the platform, the user reports show how the guided tasks expanded the students' understanding of 'good presentations.' For learners whose language-learning goals are directed towards participating in a global community, it is suggested that key factors in developing web-based oral presentations materials are corpus selection and pedagogical tasks, which consider the learners' subjectivity in determining rhetorical and pragmatic norms.


This study aims to determine the effect of silica sand mass in the air purification system on the decrease in Fe concentration. The type of research used is experimental research. The water purification media used in the research were silica sand and gravel. The mass of gravel used in the water purification system is constant, namely 500 grams. The mass of silica sand used varies, namely 200 grams, 400 grams, 600 grams, 800 grams and 1000 grams. The research was carried out through three stages, namely the stages of preparation, implementation, and data collection. The effect of the mass of silica sand in the air purification system on decreasing the concentration of Fe showed positive results. The results of research with a fixed mass of gravel and varying masses of silica sand showed a decrease in Fe concentration after water purification with a value that met environmental health quality standards and water health requirements Fe (iron) content below 1 mg/L or ppm so that the water worth using.


Objective:To estimate the burden of disease for urban residents and identify the main health problems of coverage populations of URBMI.Methods:Disability Adjusted Life Years(DALY)is used to measure the burden of disease.Results:In 2006,the main burden of disease of urban residents is noncommunicable disease,whose DALYs per 1000 is 105.8.The five leading causes of the burden of disease are cardiovascular diseases,malignant neoplasms,Neuropsychiatric conditions,respiratory diseases,and unintentional injuries.For population aged 0~44,neuropsychiatric conditions is the first burden of disease;for population aged 45~59,malignant neoplasms ranks first;for population over 60 years,cardiovascular diseases,malignant neoplasms and respiratory diseases are the main causes.Conclusion:Noncommunicable diseases are the main burden of disease of urban residents.URBMI should focus on preventing and treating cardiovascular diseases,malignant neoplasms,neuropsychiatric conditions and respiratory diseases.


This study investigated the influence of adding styrene-ethylene-butylene-styrene (SEBS) and stearic acid (SA) on poly (lactic) acid (PLA) with nano-alumina (Al2O3) filament composite for fused deposition modeling (FDM) 3D printing (3DP) application. The filament composites were produced via hot-melt extrusion using a twin-screw extruder. Materials characterization and mechanical testing were conducted to determine the effect of SEBS+SA. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) illustrated the interaction of the aliphatic group of PLA and SEBS+SA. XRD data showed that the SEBS+SA has no significant effect on crystallinity, but the differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) data showed a decreasing trend. Due to the nature of SEBS+SA, the heat capacity increased to 1.222 J/g•C°. The cold crystallization, melting, and degradation temperatures were reduced by 18.34°C, 5.29°C, and 25.19°C, respectively. An increase in the developed filament composite's processability was evident in the MFR data. The axial strain and the toughness of PLA with nanoAl2O3 were increased significantly by 402.54% and 48.20%, respectively. Furthermore, the SEM images revealed overlapping of intra-and interlayers of the 3D printed specimens.


A 6‐month‐old male infant who presented with abdominal distension and congenital chylous ascites was diagnosed. He was initially refractory to conservative therapy, and then was completely cured with ligation of megalymphatics and fibrin glue application. Immunoperoxidase staining for CD31 on the biopsied peritoneal tissues highlighted the lining cells of lymphatic spaces, which indicated lymphangiectasia.


Bacterial leaf blight (BLB) is one of major threats in rice production as it can cause 100% yield loss. Concern on the environment and human health has led an attempt to replace existing methods of chemical control and avoid extensive use of bactericides by using endophytic bacteria. The present study was conducted to screen and characterize bacteria isolated from different sources that has potential as antagonistic bacteria against Xanthomonas oryzaepv. oryzae (Xoo), the causal agent of bacterial leaf blight of paddy. Two hundred and thirty-three endophytic bacteria were successfully isolated from roots and leaves from paddy field. Only 17 endophytic bacterial isolates showed positive antagonistic activity indicated by inhibition zone around bacterial colony against Xoo on nutrient agar plate with 2 endophytic isolates (BCA 3 and BCA 12) showed highest inhibitory effect with 35±0.00 mm in diameter. Molecular identification by 16S rRNA amplification successfully identified the antagonistic endophytic bacteria as Pseudomonas fluorescensand Geobacillus thermoparaffinivorans. Findings in this study revealed the biocontrol abilities of isolated endophytes as an excellent option to be used by agriculture sectors to have sustainable environment.


Indian Buddhist monasteries, as institutions in dynamic interactions with other societal institutions, have created a vast functional matrix or were parts thereof. In the past hundred years or so, contours of this matrix have been generally reconstructed with a macro perspective. Now we need to go beyond macro generalizations. We need to analyse individual monasteries in their local and supra-local contexts.


The cargo space allocation is a key issue in the AS/RS scheduling.In order to improve the efficiency which the AS/RS is in or out the liarbry,and optimize the use of shelves,the article introduces the theory of genetic algorithms,and optimizes the automated warehouse cargo by using the thinking of the theory of genetic algorithm,the AS/RS cargo spaces optimization model is proposed and established.


It was analyzed the spatiality of forming the information flow, logical structures of layout of the extended semantic network, built the acceptor of the terminal automat for document management system. Ones accept the infinity alphabet. The model of information flow in the system was accepted similarly to the Burton‑Kebler model. Ones consists of static and dynamic parts of general massages' volume of the system. The model takes into account that to ensure the relevance of the search isn't recommended to take more than three word forms of the input alphabet for indexers


Key Points Question Is the quality of American Community Survey estimates associated with changes in hospital readmission rankings after socioeconomic risk adjustment? Findings In this cross-sectional study of 96 278 hospital admissions for acute myocardial infarction, pneumonia, and congestive heart failure included in the 2014 New York State Health Cost and Utilization Project, compared with previous stratification by safety-net hospital designation, the new peer group–based stratification system was associated with improved reliability of American Community Survey socioeconomic status estimates. Meaning Poor reliability in the American Community Survey can conceal and distort readmission rates for hospitals, and the use of peer group–based performance measurement is associated with a reduction, but not elimination, of the impact of measurement error on risk-adjusted rates.


Tuberculosis is the most common and curable, infectious disease in HIV-infected persons and AIDS patients, also the most common cause of their death. According to the relevant clinical research reports, compared with the general population, HIV-infected persons face 113 times higher risk in active pulmonary tuberculosis, and the figure is 170 times for AIDS patients. Relevant data shows that 25 -65% of HIV infected patients also faces the infection of mycobacterium tuberculosis. In general, almost 90% cases of patient with mycobacterium tuberculosis infection could be treated and cured. However, cure rates of anti-tuberculosis therapy for patients with dual infections are low and have shown high mortality, and is currently difficult clinical problem to overcome. Accordingly, this study intends to elucidate the specific causes of death during anti-tuberculosis treatment of patients with HIV and coexistence of mycobacterium tuberculosis. This predictive analytics will help preventive medicine, better diagnoses Acta Medica Mediterranea, 2018, 34: 267


The Cu fims with different electrodeposited conditions,substrates and thickness were electrodeposited in sulphate electrolyte.The texture coefficient and preferred orientation of Cu film were investigated by XRD(X-ray diffraction).The texture coefficient condition of DC plating and pulse plating with additive or not were compared.The results show that for the 1 μm Cu film obtained at different conditions presents(111) preferred orientation in most cases,which would be propitious to interconnect in ULSI for its good properties in electromigration resistance.


2002). The literature of the Tanakami-fudo temple (Shugendo sect), which was built in 859 on the top of Tanakamiyama, suggests that the name of this mountain, 太神 (tana + kami = great + god), is related to Amaterasu-omikami, the sun goddess of Japanese mythology (Ashkenazi 2008). A contrary etymology is found in Omi Yochi Shiryaku (1734) by Tokikiyo Samukawa, a comprehensive geography of Omi Province. This states that tanakami, 田上 (= rice field + above), was originally tanikami, 谷上(valley + above), as is written in the Nihongi (AD 720 the earliest official history of Japan). Thus, the pronunciation changed over time JOHN RAKOVAN Department of Geology Miami University Oxford, Ohio 45056 email@example.com


: The objective of the paper is to present the process of the development of an expert system for generating the two wheeler IC Engine connecting rod by using SolidWorks and analyzing the CAD model with finite element methods. The system is developed to generate the automatic CAD model of the two wheeler IC engine connecting rod in SolidWorks and analysing its capabilities using ANSYS 15.0 based on the loading conditions. The expert system is developed with help of macro file of the SolidWorks software. The presented system proved itself as better application by reuse of the design knowledge. The considered connecting rod materials are Aluminium Alloy 6061, Grey Cast Iron, Titanium 6al 4v, ASTM A 216 GR WCB. for its robustness. Then, the structural analysis is performed to determine von misses stress,


The surface of Q345 steel are coated with the Fe62 alloy powder by the synchronous powder feeding method and the prepositioned powder feeding method. The impacts of the two methods on the laser pool forming rate and the temperature field are tested and analyzed with a Charge-Coupled Device (CCD) colorimetric thermometer. The results indicate that the laser pool has faster forming rate, more stable and homogeneous temperature field with the synchronous powder feeding method than the prepositioned powder feeding method under the same conditions. The outcomes are of great significant to optimize the process of the laser additive enhancement technology.


Parkinson described paralysis agitans more than 200 years ago but reference to the condition dates back to ancient times, thereby suggesting it is far more common than many appreciate. While the relationship of Parkinson's Disease to the reduction of dopamine is not disputed, it is accepted that the proteins, involved in Parkinson's Disease, such as α -synuclein, UCH-L1, PINK1 or DJ-1 are also involved in the aging process. Accepting that there are genetic conditions that predispose to the early expression of Parkinson's Disease, the argument remains that Parkinson's Disease is not a disease entity per se but rather the expression of aging and if one lives long enough one will acquire Parkinson's Disease.


The equipment and method used in a radiographic system for detecting defects in the electrical insulation on underground power transmission cables are described. The BNL x-ray system has been used to check the integrity of 230 kV paper-oil cables which have been in service in Arizona for several years and of a 345 kV paper-oil cable system in New York. This x-ray system can also be used for on-line quality control in cable factories. (LCL)


This paper is concerned with hierarchical control of a class of finite state continuous time Markovian decision processes having both weak and strong interactions. The state of the process can be divided into several groups such that transitions among the states within each group occur much more frequently than the transitions among the states belonging to different groups. This gives rise to a limiting control problem which is simpler to solve. The limiting problem is obtained by replacing the states in each group by the corresponding average distribution. A nearly optimal solution for the original problem is constructed by using an optimal solution to the limiting problem. Both discounted cost and long-run average cost criteria are considered. Error bounds of constructed controls are obtained for problems with both cost criteria. Finally, computational methods are discussed.


A science of psychology must assume that behavior is lawful. We recognize diversity, but we assume that both similarity and difference are products of the same fundamental laws that combine and recombine in unique ways to yield the rich diversity of behavior that we observe between and within species. The proper analysis of behavior is not in terms of simpler behavior and more complex behavior or in terms of simpler organisms and more complex organisms, but rather in terms of general functions such as perception and learning that are found in all forms of behavior. We avoid the invention of new laws of behavior for each newly discovered level of complexity in favor of the formulation of more powerful generalizations.


Determining the renal prognosis for patients with ANCA associated vasculitis (AAV) is important in guiding treatment decisions, including balancing the risks and benefits of aggressive immunosuppression, and informing patients of their likely trajectory. We examined the performance of the clinicopathologic risk stratification tool developed by Brix et al. 1 in determining renal outcomes in a cohort of AAV patients in the South West of England.

 A retrospective review of case notes of patients diagnosed with AAV between 2010 and 2020 from two renal units (Bristol and Plymouth) was performed. Patients were followed up until 1st August 2020. Demographic details, kidney function at presentation and initial treatment regime were collected alongside kidney biopsy data.
 The renal risk score divides patients into three groups determined as being at low, medium and high risk of adverse renal outcomes based on (1) the percentage of normal glomeruli on kidney biopsy, (2) the percentage of tubular atrophy and interstitial fibrosis on kidney biopsy and (3) eGFR at diagnosis.
 The outcome of interest was the development of end stage kidney disease (ESKD), defined as a dialysis requirement >3months or kidney transplantation. Patients were censored for death.

 In total 93 individuals were diagnosed with AAV over the study period; 51% were female and the median age at diagnosis was 69 years [IQR 60-78]. ANCA subclass was MPO positive in 73% of cases, PR3 positive in 19% and ANCA negative in 8%. At presentation, 42% had an eGFR below 15ml/min/1.73m2. With respect to risk scores, 17% of individuals were low risk (n=16), 52% were medium risk (n=48) and 31% were high risk (n=29).
 Median follow up was 3.2 years [IQR 1.3-5.9], over which time 18% of patients developed ESKD (1 in the low risk group, 7 in the medium risk group and 9 in the high risk group). A further 20% of patients died. A Kaplan-Meier survival curve (Figure 1) demonstrated worsening renal survival with rising risk group (Log-rank test, p=0.05). At 1 year, 74 patients (80%) were alive and in these individuals renal survival was 100% in the low risk group, 91% in medium risk group and 75% in the high risk group.

 Overall, 18% of patients developed ESKD over a median follow up of 3.2 years. The renal risk score developed by Brix et al. helps prognosticate renal survival and may assist in shared decision making with patients regarding treatment options. The score demonstrates the importance of the degree of chronicity in determining renal survival. Further work in larger cohorts to compare the performance of the risk score in different subgroups of patients with AAV would be informative.


The experience of pupils of central importance to teachers, even if there is not enough research that makes their voices central. This paper outlines some of the salient features of young children's experience, and demonstrates the way in which one can detect patterns of thought and feeling by using a case study.


Chunks are of great significance for not only native speakers but also L2 learners.This paper analyzes the relationship between chunk use and reading comprehension at first.Then it reports a study on how the use of chunks predicts reading comprehension performance.The results show that the L2 learners'ability to use chunks is a better predictor of their reading comprehension performance than their grammatical accuracy.In addition,the effect of chunk use in prediction reading comprehension performance is not affected by L2 learners'grammatical proficiency.


ABSTRACT Could it be that scientific progress in the study of cultural experience and expression that we usually label "religion" would be accelerated if we dropped religion as an organizing concept? This question is raised in relation to several related queries: whether scientific approaches to the study of religion suffer marginalization in part because of conceptual confusion over the concept religion; whether progress in measurement in the study of religious cultural expression has been hindered by adherence to religion and its derivatives as guiding concepts; and whether partisanship in this academic area may be encouraged by poor conceptual hygiene concerning religion.


In order to maintain the tip of the article to be transported when changing the conveying direction, to an apparatus and method for using a conveyor belt while operating the diverting roller. First conveyor belt advancing in a first direction, adjacent to the second conveyor belt advancing in a second direction transverse. Both belt has a diverting roller which rotates about an axis forming an angle with respect to the conveying direction. These diverting rollers, in the vicinity of the two conveyor belts are connected, it operates by rolling over a bearing surface beneath. Diverting roller of the first belt sends the articles toward the second belt. The second diverting rollers, and sends the article towards the side edges of the second belt. At the same time the article in both the conveyor belt is rotated by actuation of the two diverting rollers set at both ends of the article. The rotation direction and the roller of the roller, to maintain the tip of the article. .FIELD 1


The purpose of this study is to explore pre-service information technology teachers' perception of self-efficacy in web-technological pedagogical content knowledge (Web- TPCK). As data collection tool, a six-point Likert scale "TPCK-W Survey" was used. This inventory consisted of 30 Likert items and 5 sub-scales. TPCK-W Survey was administered to 177 teacher candidates form departments of Computer Education and Instructional Technology in Faculty of Education, and Electronics and Computer Education in Faculty of Technical Education. In addition to descriptive statistical analyses, independent samples t-test and ANOVA were used in this study. Results of statistical analyses showed that most teacher candidates had high level of self-efficacy in Web-TPCK. It was found that there was no significant difference in teacher candidates' self-efficacy in Web-TPCK with respect to their gender, except for the sub-scale of Web- communication. Results also indicated that grade level was a significant indicator for teacher candidates' self-efficacy in Web-TPCK. Moreover, there was a significant difference in teacher candidates' self-efficacy in subscales of Web-content and attitudes toward Web-based instruction in terms of the types of education faculties.


The aim of this work is to evaluate damping ratio () of unidirectional carbon fiber15 reinforced epoxy laminates using an experimental approach, which is then input into a finite 16 element numerical model. The logarithmic decrement and the envelope techniques were calculated 17 using Hilbert transform. Flat unidirectional laminates were manufactured by dry-filament winding 18 and evaluated under dynamic free vibration tests (longitudinally and transverse fiber-oriented 19 specimens). Post-processing and data analysis were carried out with a dedicated code which used 20 a band-pass filter to isolate the first fundamental frequency from the other modes of vibration and 21 from noise in the acquired signal, and then applied the Hilbert transform to estimate the vibration 22 envelope and adjust an exponential curve to it to evaluate structural damping ratio. The 23 experimental results for modal frequencies were compared to numerical predictions from a fitted 24 finite element model. 25


The chapter provides guidance on how to develop an entrepreneurial mindset, begin a successful venture, and change the world for the better.


During the analyzed activity of coffee "Coffee Black", which is part of Izhevsk restaurant chain catering "Food Service". It identified a number of problems related to timely delivery, processing and transportation of billet products between warehouses restaurant. They also identified key performance criteria studied coffee. On the basis of identified criteria, and based on an earlier analysis of warehouse space and personnel operating them, developed a model business processes coffee, containing the material and information flows, as well as the main elements showing trade flow coffee shop "Coffee Black". Further, based on the model created by business processes and to study its subject area with the processes occurring in it, it has been developed and ERUML-system model. Designed ER-model of the system helped identify the basic structure of the modules developed an automated warehouse management system. As a UML-model is the use case diagram, which is a sequence of transactions performed by the system in response to an event triggered by some actor. In developing the model identified actions designed system and potential candidates for the role of attributes and nature of the system, further more detailed. The data and developed models will be used to create automated control system of storage facilities on the example of the coffee shop "Coffee Black", which in turn will increase the capacity of the warehouse, space saving storage space and improving the quality of service study coffee.


The war in Kosovo presented a crisis of conscience for the human rights community specifically and the world community generally. No aspect of the crisis could be neatly categorized, classified, or characterized. Was Kosovo simply part of Yugoslavia, or was it autonomous? Was NATO's campaign authorized in any way by the Security Council, or not? Was it regional enforcement action, or collective humanitarian intervention? Was there a humanitarian crisis, or did the bombing campaign create one? Was Milošević's campaign against the ethnic Albanians a response to the bombing, or a premeditated program? Is it genocide if the predominant intent is removal of an ethnic population rather than its destruction? Is humanitarian intervention without U.N. authorization even lawful? At what point is it unlawful for a state to minimize its own casualties at the expense of the civilian population? Have "smart bombs" made "collateral damage" illegal under international law? In ethnic conflicts, are critical communicators of propaganda, such as radio stations, legitimate military targets? If humanitarian intervention is lawful, what is its goal and how can that goal be met without restructuring an entire social and political structure within a state? Is humanitarian intervention least effective in the situations in which it is needed the most? On June 12, 1999, the eleven-week bombing campaign by NATO ended, and Yugoslavian forces began to leave Kosovo. The U.N. Security Council adopted Resolution 1244, setting out the political and legal structure for administration of Kosovo for an


This paper introduced the operation of quality management system in the institute,and discussed the modification of the documents of quality management system according to the requirement of ISO 900 1∶ 2008.Based on the practical working experiences of years,it also discussed the understanding and improvement direction in the operation procedure of quality management system.


This invention relates to a flag 1 for sealing an opening through a motor vehicle roof, comprising a panel 2 light permeable which is adapted to be secured to a support surface bounding the ouverture.L'invention is characterized in that the flag 1 further comprises at least one interface element which is secured on the inner peripheral surface 3 of the panel 2 and is substantially parallel to the bearing surface portion of the support surface with which said bearing surface is intended to come next.


An energy recovery sustaining driver with zero current switching to reduce switching losses and EMI is presented in this paper. The driver with designed snubber circuits reduces ringing voltage significantly on PDP so that the voltage rating of MOSFETs can be lower as well to reduce the cost of switches


This paper presents how knowledge-based management and most of all human capital management raise effectiveness and competitiveness of Polish enterprises of food industry, which was observed especially during our country's full accession to the European Union. Main aim of the study was to analyze how the knowledge resources and, above all, the quality of human capital in food businesses may affect their development, organization, and its usability in managing the enterprise, and whether management of resources is proper. Conclusions of the research has been recognized and supported by previously synthetically conducted: query in the literature sources, analysis of statistical data, a questionnaire survey in selected food companies, and the results presented here in tabular form. Conducted research allowed to draw the following conclusions: 1. Company management is still regarded as sufficient, both by management and employees, who say they see no need for changes in this area. 2. Current strategies and visions of enterprises are well known by the management and workers, what should lead to an increase in enterprise competitiveness, not only in local markets, but also international. 3. In food industry enterprises in the Malopolska province modernization of machinery, placing and management of new products and services are rare action. 4. The respondents, both the first and second stage of research, highly evaluated the level of quality of qualifications and skills of employees.


Plantlets of lily regenerated in vitro from scale explants consist of scales and leaves from which the base of the petiole has swollen to a scale. Fluridone, an inhibitor of ABA-synthesis, applied during culture in vitro, inhibited the swelling of the petioles and promoted leaf formation. At high fluridone concentrations (10 or 33μM), swelling was completely blocked, and plantlets consisted of leaves only. Addition of ABA during the regeneration in vitro had the opposite effect and resulted in plantlets with scales only. When applied simultaneously with fluridone, ABA nullified the effect of fluridone. This demonstrates that bulb formation in lily is under the control of ABA. Lily plantlets regenerated in vitro on scale explants at 20 or 25°C were harvested after 11 weeks, and the leaves were removed from the bulblets. The bulblets were dormant and required a cold treatment to achieve rapid emergence after planting in soil. Fluridone added during the culture in vitro prevented the development of dormancy, and the bulblets did not require a cold treatment. The effect of fluridone was nullified by simultaneous addition of ABA. Bulblets harvested after 6 weeks of culture at 20°C had not yet developed dormancy. Bulblets regenerated at 15°C were only slightly dormant. In both types of bulblets, it is unlikely that the lack of dormancy was due to low ABA-levels since addition of ABA did not affect the dormancy status. These data indicate that the level of endogenous ABA and an unknown additional factor play major roles in the development of dormancy.


In this work we investigate the critical behavior of the disordered three-dimensional Ising model with an impurity concentration close to the threshold of impurity percolation on high-performance computing systems. Starting from initial configurations, the system was updated with Metropolis algorithm and invaded cluster algorithm. The values of dynamic critical exponent z and static critical exponent β/ν were obtained in this paper for both algorithm.


This paper is concerned with mathematical problem solving applied to a population of teenagers who perform poorly at school. Firstly, a questionnaire is proposed, at two years of interval, to the same group of pupils. The evolution of the average success rate is far from being as significant as expected. Secondly the authors decide to test the efficiency of a program designed to help children to solve problems involving learning and analysis schematas representing different types of mathematical problems. The results are significant and they underline the interest and the impact of this approach.


The rust experiment on steel bars embedded in mortar shows the environmental temperature has great influence on the rust corrosion rate of steel bars. The rust corrosion rate increases with the temperature going up when the environmental temperature is below 40 degrees. However, it decreases with the temperature when the environmental temperature is above 40 degrees. The paper analyzes the possible causes of the phenomena.


The present study was undertaken in the department of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology, Government College Hospital, Latur, Maharashatra. Aims and objectives to study the incidences of unnatural deaths in females in which cases medico legal autopsied was conducted. A total 392 cases of unnatural female deaths were studied out of 985 autopsy conducted during examination of decease a brought for postmortem examination during the study period, inquest papers, police documents and photographs. Stastical analysis of data was done and presented a results and observations in tabular forms.


This paper details the adverse childhood experiences of young people resident in secure accommodation, namely Glenthorne Youth Treatment Centre, in Birmingham. Many of the young people referred to ...


The electrochemistry of pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ) was examined and the coupling of PQQ with glucose oxidase was studied at different pH values. Optimal interaction between PQQ and glucose oxid ...


Recent findings document a blunted humoral response to SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccination in patients on anti‐CD20 treatment. Although most patients develop a cellular response, it is still important to identify predictors of seroconversion to optimize vaccine responses.


AbstractThe paper describes the use of gaming simulation in the teaching of integrated land use–transportation planning as a part of an undergraduate civil engineering course. A key innovation of the UPTown game developed at the University of Pretoria, South Africa, is the way in which the actions of both public-sector planners and private-sector real estate developers are simulated by students. This allows students to explore the problems of conflicting objectives and to discover the value of cooperative planning in the land use and transportation development process. The paper describes the background to and rationale for an integrated planning course, and it explains the game and simulation aspects in detail. Assessment of student performance showed that the game significantly enhanced the achievement of learning outcomes. Students who faced more complex and open-ended tasks performed better, reaching higher levels of competence earlier on in the game. The paper should be of value to educators who wish...


This paper presents a novel mutual coupling reduction technique of compact two-element multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna using Electric-LC (ELC) resonator. The proposed antenna has omnidirectional radiation pattern and the 20 dB isolation bandwidth is 9.8 %, i.e., from 5.31– 5.86 GHz which covers the WLAN frequency range of IEEE 802.11a standard whereas return loss of the proposed antenna is better than 15 dB throughout the entire band. The separation between antenna elements is only 0.14λ0, where λ0 corresponds to free space wavelength at 5.7 GHz. The radiation pattern is negligibly affected and the proposed antenna has 8.5 dB lower mutual coupling than that of the reference antenna due to the ELC resonator. This concept is verified with fabrication and measurement.


Collaborative consumption is one of the new trends in consumer behaviour that takes into acco-unt an alternative approach to satisfying one's needs. This trend is based on access to goods realised without the need to possess and transfer property rights. The purpose of the paper is to characterise generational changes determining the willingness to engage in collaborative consumption and, there-fore, impacting its popularisation. The author analysed factors increasing consumers' (belonging to the X and Y generation) interest in innovative solutions in the sphere of consumption, which constitute a favourable base for the development of many forms of entrepreneurial activities. Attention was paid to the changes in the attitude of young purchasers who value the actual usage of things more than ma-king the purchase and possession of those items, and who recognise opportunities that the collaborative consumption-related activities provide for the creation of various forms of entrepreneurship.


The effects on yield,quality and other main agronomic characters of applying sulphate-potassium magnesium to pakchoi,Tea and Watermelon through field experiments based on applying nitrogenous fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer were studed.The results showed that applying potassium fertilizer could improve yield and quality.Applying sulphate-potassium magnesium compared with applying potassium sulfate or potassium chloride,yield of pakchoi increased 3.81% and 9.88%,yield of tea increased 8.75% and 3.81%;nitrate content of pakchoi decreased 180.7mg/kg and 52.5mg/kg;Free amino acid content of tea increased 0.30% and 0.27%,polyphenol content of tea decreased 0.90% and 3.63%,caffeine content of tea increased 0.31% and 0.19%;soluble solids in the centre of watermelon increased 0.07% and 0.57%,Vc content increased 8.84% and 7.35%.Applying sulphate-potassium magnesium increased about 733 to 4041 Yuan profit than applying potassium sulfate or potassium chloride per hectare.


Understanding how animals select resources provides important information regarding their requirements for survival. One method for studying diet selection is multiple-choice feeding preference experiments, in which animals are offered multiple food items simultaneously. However, because food items are offered simultaneously, the consumer's choices are not independent. They therefore violate assumptions of univariate statistical tests, such as ANOVAs and t-tests, which are most often used in such studies. I used multivariate statistics to examine diet selection of yellowbellied marmots (Marmota flaviventris) for the 7 plants most commonly found in their foraging areas. Using Hotelling's T2, I rejected the null hypothesis that the proportions of plant species consumed were equal to the expected value of 1/7 (T2 = 180.63, P = 0.025). Cafeteria-style feeding trials indicated that dandelions (Taraxacum officianale) were selected significantly more often than expected by a random distribution (P = 0.001), whereas grasses (Bromus spp. and Poa spp.) and cinquefoil (Potentilla gracilis) were avoided (P = 0.002). Use of the remaining species, cow parsnip (Heracleum lanatum), yarrow (Achillea millefolium), mountain blue bells (Mertensia fusiformis), and wild sweet pea (Lathyrus leucanthus), did not differ significantly from random, although cow parsnip and wild sweet pea tended to be more preferred and avoided, respectively, than the remaining species. Preferences in these marmots may have been based on fatty acid content, which is important for hibernation.


Results of cyclic racking tests on EN-WALL 7250 unitized curtain wall system mockups are presented. Mockups had overall dimensions of 180 in. wide by 156 in. high and were comprised of nine glass panels adhered to aluminum framing with 3M™ VHB™ structural glazing tape structural seals and structural sealant weatherseals. Racking tests followed the AAMA 501.6 protocol to characterize the performance of the system. Tests were carried out in a step-wise manner in order to stop the test after each drift increment to inspect the mockup for any damage. A complete description of the unitized system design is presented along with test observations


The present study is an attempt to examine the relationship between academic delay of gratification and emotional intelligence in professional courses students. Sample for the study includes 136 urban students ( 99 boys and 37 girls ) from Engineering, Pharmacy, Law and Education courses of Sultan Ul Uloom Education Society, Banjara Hills, Hyderabad, Telangana, India. The data for measuring delay of gratification is collected using Academic Delay of Gratification Scale (ADOGS) for college students prepared by Hefer Bembenutty (1997). Emotional intelligence is measured by collecting data using the Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire – Adolescent Short Form (TEIQue- ASF), prepared by Petrides, K. V. and Furnham, A. (2006) for adolescents. For data analysis, Pearson's Product-Moment Correlation coefficient is used. The significance of the test is calculated for the level of significance α at 0.05, using SPSS Statistics Ver.23. Power analysis using G Power Software is used to reveal the minimum sample size to 112 for effect size 0.3 and power 0.9. The findings of the study reveal positive in nature, moderate in strength and highly significant relationship between the variables. No role of gender is found. Educational implications are discussed.


This paper surveys the tax policy implications in various endogenous growth models. The focus is on the long-run growth effects of income, consumption, and investment taxation in models whose engine of growth is the accumulation of human capital, technological innovation, and/or public infrastructure. The results depend on model specifications. This paper also reviews quantitative results from cross-country regressions and simulations, and indicates some statistical and methodological problems to which they are subject. Tax policy implications in endogenous growth models both with tax policy endogenously determined by a political process and with international capital mobility are also discussed.


Abstract . This research purposed to produce science learning materials that eligible to complete student learning achievement at junior high school of the System of Excretion materials. The development of this learning tool based on Dick and Carey model and the using test based One Group Pretest-Posttest Design . The test conducted in eighth grade student of SMP Negeri 16 Poleang Tengah . This research consisted of two stages: 1) Developing the learning materials consisted of lesson plan, student's book, and student's worksheet, and learning achievement test validated by experts. 2) Implementation of the validated learning materials which instrument that used in this research are validation sheet, observational sheet of learning accomplishment, the learning constraints, observational sheet of student's activity, and Student's response questionnaire. The result showed that: 1) The learning materials were valid; 2) the lesson plan accomplishment was categorized as good; 3) The student activities indicated that they learn to actively build their own knowledge through a process of inquiry; 4) The students responded positively to the learning process; 5) The student's learning achievements of attitude, knowledge, and skill aspects were accomplished. Based on the following results can be concluded that the science learning materials based on guided inquiry with a project task on Excretion of System were valid, practical, and effective. Thus the science learning materials can be used on the learning process and proofed to be effective to complete student's learning achievement. Keywords : Guided i nquiry, p roject t ask, c ompleteness of s tudent's , e xcretion s ystem.


Owing to most of the textbooks of intelligent control theory introduce genetic algorithm too recondite to be understood,this easy genetic algorithm is presented.The easy mutation algorithm and crossover algorithm,as well as the programming thought trains of applications of genetic algorithm are presented in order to be applied by engineers and judged by the experts in the field.


The interparticle spacing of a heterostructure is a crucial factor affecting electron transfer (ET) process. Herein, binary nanoparticle superlattices (BNSLs) composed of CdSe/ZnS quantum dots (QDs) and Au nanoclusters (NCs) are prepared. Steady‐state and time‐resolved spectra illustrate that the ET accelerates as the pressure increases because pressure effectively adjusts the interparticle spacing. The results also demonstrate that the trap state of the CdSe/ZnS QDs affects the ET process of BNSLs.