Citation information: Chen H, Wen F, Li H, Zuo C, Zhang X, Huang S & Luo G. The types and severity of high myopic maculopathy in Chinese patients. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt 2011. doi: 10.1111/j.1475‐1313.2011.00861.x


ABSTRACT We reported a different presentation of ectodermal dysplasia in which bilateral submandibulary glands were nonfunctional. We also reviewed the literature about the ectodermal dysplasia and related submandibular gland abnormalities. In this case report a 22-years-old female with ectodermal dysplasia is presented, complaining of dryness of her mouth, difficulty of chewing, dysphagia and recurrent upper respiratory tract infections. Further investigations consisted of an ultrasound scan that showed normal left and right parotid glands and small size submandibular salivary glands. Computed tomography confirmed that both submandibular glands were hypoplastic. A 99mTc-pertechnetate scintigraphy showed normal uptake in the parotid glands. However, no functioning submandibular glands were shown. Although the submandibular gland abnormalities can be rarely seen in ectodermal dysplasia, to our knowledge, this is the first report which presents nonfunctioning submandibular glands in an ectodermal dysplasia case.


Systems with three (or more) free parameters are considered. Pre-determined locations are assigned to one pair of complex roots, and their existence is guaranteed by assigning two degrees of freedom (two parameters) to constrain them to the desired location. The constraints are used to construct a reduced characteristic equation from which the assigned parameters have been eliminated. The polynomial thus obtained defines the locations of all roots except the specified complex pair, and (for the case of three parameters) a root locus study permits choice of a value of the third parameter such that the root pattern is compatible with a dominance requirement for the specified complex pair


Several research groups have demonstrated the non‐invasive diagnostic potential of diffuse optical spectroscopy (DOS) and laser‐induced fluorescence (LIF) techniques for early cancer detection. By combining both modalities, one can simultaneously measure quantitative parameters related to the morphology, function and biochemical composition of tissue and use them to diagnose malignancy. The objective of this study was to use a quantitative reflectance/fluorescence spectroscopic technique to determine the optical properties of normal skin and non‐melanoma skin cancers and the ability to accurately classify them. An additional goal was to determine the ability of the technique to differentiate non‐melanoma skin cancers from normal skin.


The present invention provides heteroaryl substituted pyrrolo [2,3-b] pyridin-aryl and heteroaryl substituted pyrrolo [2,3-b] pyrimidine, which regulates the activity of Janus kinases and for the treatment of Janus kinase activity-related diseases, including, for example, immune - related diseases, skin diseases, myeloproliferative disorders, cancer and other diseases.


improves quality of life – a double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2011; 33: 1123–32. 3. Whorwell PJ, Altringer L, Morel J, et al. Efficacy on an encapsulated probiotic Bifidobacterium infantis 35264 in woman with irritable bowel syndrome. Am J Gastroenterol 2006; 101: 326–33. 4. O'Mahony L, McCarthy J, Kelly P, et al. Lactobacillus and bifidobacterium in irritable bowel syndrome: symptom responses and relationship to cytokine profiles. Gastroenterology 2005; 128: 541–51.


High performance liquid chromatography(HPLC) was used to analyze the contents of VA,VB1, VB2, VD3, VPP and VE in eri silkworm pupa. The average contents of VB1, VB2, VPP and VE in eri silkworm pupa were(0.03 ± 0.00),(3.14 ± 0.03),(3.63 ± 0.18) and(3.18 ± 0.20) mg/100 g, respectively, and VA and VD3 were under detectable levels. In conclusion, eri silkworm pupa is rich in vitamins, especially VB2, VPP and VE.


The prerequisite for a successful ITS-concept is the precise analysis of the present traffic conditions and a simulation based evaluation as accurate as possible of the effectiveness of the proposed ITS applications. For this purpose, a multi-tier simulation of the traffic flow was carried out within this project. In order to generate the data basis which is required for traffic simulation and to obtain a dynamic overview of the traffic conditions prevailing on the Middle Ring in Munich, a novel data collection method was chosen: The photogrammetric aircraft survey of the Middle Ring. Simultaneously, a probe car data collection took place in order to supplement the macroscopic data with vehicle related data. This innovative way of data collection has been used as well for traffic analysis, O-D estimation and traffic flow simulation as for calibration of the microscopic simulation. After modifying the traffic supply and demand, ITS applications have been simulated and evaluated. (A*) For the covering abstract see ITRD E110327.


The auther applied grey system theory to have correlaction judgement on the effect of the large and medium-sized trace elements on the yield and quality of rice. The result showed that the best treatments are CF4S1Fe1Cu1 and CF2S2Fe1Cu2 , in complete accordance with the actual observation.


Objective To observe the values and complication of performing vitreo retinal surgery using the 25G transconjunctiva sutureless vitrectomy system(25G TSVs)in idiopathic macular hole.Methods Using the 25G TSVs,15 eyes of idiopathic macular hole of 15 patients were performed vitreo-retinal surgery.Results In all of 15 eyes,the vitreo-retinal surgery can be finished successfully using the 25G TSVs.9 of 15 eyes were operated under the topical anesthesia,6 eyes under the retro ocular anesthesia.The operation duration ranged from 20 minutes to 25 minutes,average 21 4 minutes.The internal limiting membrane was peeled successfully in 14 eyes.The macular hole were closed in 14 eyes confirmed by OCT after operation,the success rate was 93 3%.At the last follow up,the best-corrected vision acuity was 0 1~1 0.The vision acuity improved at least 2 line in 9 of 15 patients(60%).Complications included transient increasing of IOP(2 eyes),feather-like opacity of lens(5 eyes),air-bleb under conjunctiva(2 eye).There were no endophthalmitis,iatrogenic retinal tears and retinal detachment,choroidal detachment and persist leakage of incision.All patients recovered rapidly post operation.Conclusions The idiopathic macular hole can be treated successfully with 25GTSVs.It has many advantages such as simple,micro-invasive,reduce operation time,and less complications compared with the standard three portions 20G vitrectome surgery,especially it can be performed under the topical anesthesia.


This article introduces a technique to accurately perform static prediction of resource usage for ML-like functional programs with references and arrays. Previous research successfully integrated the potential method of amortized analysis with a standard type system to automatically derive parametric resource bounds. The analysis is naturally compositional and the resource consumption of functions can be abstracted using potential-annotated types. The soundness theorem of the analysis guarantees that the derived bounds are correct with respect to the resource usage defined by a cost semantics. Type inference can be efficiently automated using off-the-shelf LP solvers, even if the derived bounds are polynomials. However, side effects and aliasing of heap references make it notoriously difficult to derive bounds that depend on mutable structures, such as arrays and references. As a result, existing automatic amortized analysis systems for ML-like programs cannot derive bounds for programs whose resource consumption depends on data in such structures. This article extends the potential method to handle mutable structures with minimal changes to the type rules while preserving the stated advantages of amortized analysis. To do so, we introduce a swap operation for references and arrays that users can use to make programs suitable for automatic analysis. We prove the soundness of the analysis introducing a potential-annotated memory typing, which gathers all unique locations reachable from a reference. Apart from the design of the system, the main contribution is the proof of soundness for the extended analysis system. 1998 ACM Subject Classification D.2.4 Software/Program Verification


We have performed low-temperature specific heat C and thermal conductivity κ measurements on the Ni-pnictide superconductors BaNi2As2 (Tc = 0.7K) and SrNi2P2 (Tc = 1.4K). The temperature dependences C(T) and κ(T) of the two compounds are similar to the results of a number of s-wave superconductors. Furthermore, the concave field responses of the residual κ for BaNi2As2 rules out the presence of nodes on the Fermi surfaces. We postulate that fully gapped superconductivity could be universal for Ni-pnictide superconductors. Specific heat data on Ba0.6La0.4Ni2As2 shows a mild suppression of Tc and Hc2 relative to BaNi2As2.


In preparing for my Educon session, I've spent a fair amount of time reviewing the existing open content repositories, as well as sites dedicated to


The electrocatalytic activity of transition‐metal‐based compounds is strongly related to the spin states of metal atoms. However, the ways for regulation of spin states of catalysts are still limited, and the underlying relationship between the spin states and catalytic activities remains unclear. Herein, for the first time, by taking NiII‐based compounds without high or low spin states for example, it is shown that their spin states can be delocalized after introducing structural distortion to the atomic layers. The delocalized spin states for Ni atoms can provide not only high electrical conductivity but also low adsorption energy between the active sites and reaction intermediates for the system. As expected, the ultrathin nanosheets of nickel‐chalcogenides with structural distortions show dramatically enhanced activity in electrocatalytic oxygen evolution compared to their corresponding bulk samples. This work establishes new way for the design of advanced electrocatalysts in transition‐metal‐based compounds via regulation of spin states.


Efficient and environmentally friendly synthesis of chalcones and 2,6-bis(arylmethylidene)cycloalkanones was carried out by aldol condensation of ketones with aromatic aldehydes in water in the presence of polyethylene glycol 400.


We present a new method for real-time runway detection embedded in synthetic vision and an ROI (Region of Interest) based level set method. A virtual runway from synthetic vision provides a rough region of an infrared runway. A three-thresholding segmentation is proposed following Otsu's binarization method to extract a runway subset from this region, which is used to construct an initial level set function. The virtual runway also gives a reference area of the actual runway in an infrared image, which helps us design a stopping criterion for the level set method. In order to meet the needs of real-time processing, the ROI based level set evolution framework is implemented in this paper. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm is efficient and accurate.


Machine translation English technology uses computers to translate one natural language into another, and quickly convert between different languages. The translation efficiency of English automatic translation technology is low. In order to meet the needs of real-time application rather than people's expectations, the process of generating correct translation in English translation system is inseparable from the participation of translators. In this case, researchers turn their attention from automatic English translation to computer-aided English translation. The system provides translators with useful translation and auxiliary tools to help them review the translation. The interaction between the machine translation English system and the translator can guide the computer to decode and improve the quality of the output translation, so as to realize the combination of the high efficiency of the English translation system and the high accuracy of the translator. The current basic IMT method takes Internet information technology as an example to expand the scope of candidate translation elements, and designs an interactive interface based on the translator's cognitive translation process to improve the post-translation process. This paper introduces the research situation and subject source of relevant researchers in the field of interactive machine translation English in detail. The research results show that this method is effective. More computer experts and scholars also study machine translation English system and devote themselves to the research of Internet machine translation. Compared with the traditional translation methods, it improves the work efficiency.


miRNAs comprise an abundant class of small non‐coding RNAs that play important roles in a wide range of biological processes by post‐transcriptional regulation of a large fraction of animal genes. High‐throughput sequencing machines and the availability of completely sequenced genomes make it possible to reliably identify miRNAs with computational methods. This unit documents how to use the miRDeep2 software package to identify novel and known microRNAs in small RNA deep‐sequencing data. Moreover, the usage of miRDeep2 to profile miRNA expression across samples is illustrated. Curr. Protoc. Bioinform. 36:12.10.1‐12.10.15. © 2011 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.


This paper addresses cochannel interference (CCI) in mobile networks. So enhancements of network performance by decreasing CCI are assessed using four diverse interference reduction techniques. These techniques signify traditional sectored fractional frequency reuse (FFR), sectored FFR with beamforming (BF), relay‐assisted (R‐A) sectored FFR, and R‐A sectored FFR with BF technique. Additionally, each BF cooperative technique applies the vertical BF, three‐dimensional (3D) BF, and horizontal BF. Consequently, sectored FFR with BF contains three cases. These cases indicate sectored FFR applies horizontal BF, sectored FFR deploys vertical BF, and sectored FFR uses 3D BF. Furthermore, there are three different arrangements of applying BF in R‐A sectored FFR with BF. These arrangements signify that relay station (RS) employs BF only, base station (BS) uses BF only, and both RS and BS apply BF. Therefore, each arrangement consists of three different cases according to the applied BF technique. Consequently, nine dissimilar cases are considered. Also, a comparison of all cases in different techniques is introduced to enhance the network performance. Analytical treatments are conducted. As a result, closed‐form expressions (CFEs) for worst cases cell‐center user's (CCU's) signal‐to‐interference ratio (SIR), cell‐edge user's (CEU's) SIR, and inner radius (IR) are implemented. These closed forms are used to complete the comparison of all techniques using numerous performance evaluation metrics. The results show, that as unpredicted, the performance of R‐A sectored FFR is close to that of R‐A sectored FFR BF in low SIR threshold and high path‐loss exponent (PLE) ranges. Therefore, R‐A sectored FFR is preferred to be used from the perspectives of network cost and power consumption. Furthermore, vertical BF shows performance close to that of 3D BF in low PLE range. Consequently, using vertical BF is preferable with regard to the energy preservation and network budget. Moreover, it is noticed that BS that applies BF arrangement outperforms other arrangements when vertical or horizontal BF technique is applied. Additionally, the arrangement of both RS and BS that apply BF is superior to the other arrangements when 3D BF is used. But, as expected, it does worse than the others if the other BF techniques are applied. The work results achieve much higher CEU SIR enhancement. Therefore, the probability of outage is decreased. Then, rate of served users by the network is heightened. Accordingly, the total network cost is reduced. So this study advances the network performance while maintaining lower network cost.


The paper considers perfectionism as a large semantic paradigm comprised of several conceptual categories which belong to the three major scientific areas: sociology, psychology, and medicine. The interest to perfectionism has been increasing progressively since mid2000s, probably, due to accelerating global economic growth and heightened competition. Though perfectionism may seem immediately obvious to be a positive, socially relevant personal characteristic, psychological studies claim the opposite. Theoretical value of this research is that perfectionism was analyzed as a cross-disciplinary phenomenon on the material of a large academic database; that gave an opportunity to shed light on important semantic areas which outline a semantic field of the concept under analysis. The results of a componential analysis show that perfectionism as a dogmatic term occurred as a result of accumulated philosophical views based on the concept of perfection and idealistic goals. Contextual collocations in academic discourse, however, give evidence of destructive cognitive patterns and unattainability of personally and socially relevant goals. The heaviest forms of perfectionism are described as clinical disorders related to physical, mental, and social dysfunctions. Despite the fact that the majority of studies are conducted in the field of psychology, results of semantic field analysis show that perfectionism characterizes certain social population categories and has serious social implications.


The
 cushing`s syndrome of the dog is in over 80% of cases pituitary-dependent
 with excessive secretion of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH). To
 differentiate between pituitary- and adrenal-dependent hyperadrenocorticism
 it is often advised to determine basal endogenous ACTH concentrations. In our
 laboratory ACTH concentrations are measured using the automated IMMULITEâ -system (DPC Biermann, Bad
 Nauheim), a chemiluminescence immunoassay. However, in the majority of
 samples in which a hyperadrenocorticism was diagnosed contrary to
 expectations only minimal ACTH concentrations are measured. Since the
 IMMULITEâ -system only
 registers the intact ACTH1-39 (irACTH), the question arises how this relates to
 the ACTH bioactivity (bioACTH).
 Therefore
 the aim of the present study was:
 · Development
 of an ACTH-bioassay with porcine adrenocortical cells
 · Establishment of
 an ACTH calibration curve for determination of bioACTH in canine blood
 samples
 · Comparison
 between ACTH bioactivity and immunoreactivity in canine blood samples
 The
 ACTH-bioassay was carried out with adrenal glands of young slaughter pigs. A
 cell suspension was prepared in a culture medium by collagenase treatment.
 During the whole procedure the cells were treated with extreme care since the
 magnitude and sensitivity of the cell response to hormone stimulation is
 strongly correlated with cell quality. By adding different concentrations of
 synthetic ACTH1-24 (Tetracosactid, Synactenâ ) an ACTH calibration curve was established by
 which means the bioACTH of each sample that was applied into the bioassay was
 determined as equivalent of Synactenâ in pg/ml. It could be demonstrated that the
 bioassay yields quantitativly reproducable results. Attempts to remove
 endogenous cortisol from native blood samples failed. The steroid absorption
 on activated carbon as well as the steroid extraction with solvent led to
 inhibition of the cell`s cortisol production. Examination of a possible serum
 effect brought the result that there must be substances in the undiluted
 serum that inhibit cortisol production. The mechanism of this inhibition is
 not clear, nor is the identity of the substances. At fourfold dilution of the
 samples no inhibition was observed.
 For
 determination of bioACTH in canine blood samples three groups of five dogs
 were examined: healthy dogs, those affected with cushing`s syndrome and dogs
 treated with Mitotane (Lysodrenâ ). Subsequently the bioACTH values were compared
 with the irACTH values measured in the IMMULITEâ . Because of the small amount of specimen in this
 study only tendencies were demonstrated. In 87% of examined samples ACTH
 bioacticity was larger than immunoreactivity. One of the cushing samples and
 three of the Lysodrenâ samples led to
 maximum bioACTH values of >1.250 pg/ml despite clearly lower irACTH
 values.
 These
 results allow the conclusion that the IMMULITEâ -system does not reflect the bioactivity of
 endogenous ACTH in canine cushing`s syndrome. The measured irACTH
 concentrations are merely expressive in positiv cases. Although the
 ACTH-bioassay requires more time and is more susceptible to disturbing
 factors, it better reflects the in vivo conditions. The use of the
 ACTH-bioassay in the diagnosis of canine cushing`s syndrome seems to be
 useful especially in those cases, in which other methods of measuring as well
 as endocrinological functional tests do not come up with clear results. Other
 basic illnesses such as diabetes mellitus can affect the
 hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis and therefore complicate the diagnosis.
 Here the ACTH-bioassay offers a further possibility to clarify the existence
 of a hyperadrenocorticism.


Collecting information about fracture attributes through outcrops measurement is crucial for analyzing the scale, distribution, orientation, and spatial arrangement of fractures. The emergence of digital outcrop models (DOMs) provides a new technology for quantitative interpretation of fractures. However, large-scale DOMs pose additional challenges to the practical application, particularly in the interpretation of geological elements (e.g. fractures). This research proposes a workflow for fracture characteristics interpretation based on DOMs. First, DOMs are generated using light detection and ranging scanning technology. Then, a 3D visualization platform is developed based on OpenSceneGraph. We use level-of-detail technology to reconstruct DOMs for multiscale fast visualization of large-scale models. Finally, in order to realize the quantitative interpretation of fractures, we propose the best-plane fitting and the feature information (orientation, length, spacing, etc.) extraction methods for two types of fractures (exposed fracture walls and fracture traces). The proposed methods are applied to extract attributes of fractures in Dengying Formation (second member), Ebian, Xianfeng, southwest Sichuan Basin, China. The results provide the basis for reservoir evaluation in this area.


S. R., T. HIMATHONGKAM, R. P. MARTIN, K. H. COOPER, and L. I. ROSE. 1976. Adrenocortical response to marathon running. jtournal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 42:393-94. PIKE, R., and M. L. BROWN. 1975. Nutrition: An integrated approach. New York: Wiley. SIMMONS, MICHAEL A., EUGENE W. ADCOCK, III, HARRY BARD, and FREDERICK C. BATTAGLIA. 1974. Hypernatremia and intracranial hemorrhage in neonates. New England jtournal of Medicine 291 :6-10. U.S. NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES. 1974. Recommended dietary allowances. Washington, D.C. WILLIAMS, R. H. Editor. 1974. Textbook of endocrinology. Philadelphia: Saunders. WINTROBE, M. M., et al. Editors. 1974. Harrison's Principles of internal medicine. New York: McGraw-Hill.


Originated in the curriculum of law colleges in the U.S in 1960s,clinical legal education is a course with practical features.In this teaching mode,a clinic is founded,and students are dominant in the teaching process.Under the guidance of teachers,students contact various cases as legal agents or with other ways.They can meet real parties and deal with their cases,answer their questions.In such a process,students can learn legal knowledge and raise their ability of using what they have learnt to solve real legal cases,thus shortening the distance between theory and practice.Presently,obstacles for adapting clinical legal education to China exist in educational idea,mode and institution.We should change the idea for law education,increase education expense,and include clinical legal education in law education plan.


The car cover mold has characteristics of large structure size, complicated surface shape, dimensional precision, and high surface precision. The milling process of the splicing transition zone having different hardness can easily produce load mutation, which has an impact on the tool in the form of vibration. This vibration affects the surface topography of the splicing transition zone. In this article, we propose the surface motion model for ball-end milling cutter with impact vibration and the surface topography prediction model for splicing transition zone which is established based on the Non-Uniform Rational B-Splines (NURBS) surface control point reconstruction. Then, the effects of surface splicing characteristics (different hardness, over-seam scale, etc.) and processing parameters on the surface topography and on the residual height have been analyzed. Finally, based on the hardened steel surface splicing milling experiment, the accuracy of the surface topography model in which vibration impact has been incorporated is verified. At the same time, the corresponding roughness value and fractal dimension are calculated on the basis of two-dimensional contour graph under different splicing characteristics. The results show that the non-linear characteristics of the surface topography of the hardened steel surface are significant, and the best processing parameters can be obtained under different splicing characteristics.


This review deals with the mechanism of the formation of carcinogenic N-nitrosoamines in the production of amine oxides by the oxidation of tertiary amines with hydrogen peroxide. The crucial point is the nature of the nitrogen substrate and nitrosating species as they are not added to the process directly. As the nitrogen substrates, we consider particularly primary and secondary amines. Various structures of the nitrosating agents are discussed, for example nitrogen oxides from the ambient air, corrosion inhibitors in the hydrogen peroxide (e.g. NaNO2) or other side nitroso compounds.


The directed coating Pd technology and coated Pd copper bonding wire were investigated by scan electronic microscopy,transmission electron microscope,focused ion beam and tensile strength tester,the effects of annealing temperature on Pd binding strength,wire tensile strength,elongation and Pd thickness of the direct coated Pd copper bonding wire were analyzed. The results show that Pd thickness is uniform after direct coating Pd. The bonding strength can increase when annealing temperature increases,and the binding strength is lower after annealing at 300 ℃,and some Pd3Cu5 can be found between Pd and Cu interface after annealing at 450 ℃,then the binding strength can meet the industrial demand. The tensile strength can decrease when annealing temperature increases,while the elongation can increase. When annealing temperature reaches 450 ℃,the Pd coated copper wire has excellent mechanical properties,and the tensile strength is 0. 096 N,elongation is 14. 3%,the Pd thickness is 78 nm. When annealing temperature reaches 500 ℃,the mechanical properties of Pd coated copper bonding wire decrease,and tensile strength is 0. 073 N,and elongation is 11. 6%.


The past two or three decades have witnessed an intense interest in rediscovering Asian theories of communication and exploring their applicability to modern communication studies. I myself have been deeply involved in this project for the past thirty years. While this should be welcomed as a much-needed project, it is imperative that we realize that this effort is as important as it is complex and many-sided; there are several perilous pitfalls in the way such as those presented by romanticism, essentialism and ahistoricism. In this article, I discuss some of these issues, and the ways in which we can profitably engage Western formulations of communication, in relation to what I term Type A and Type B theories.


Deterministic analysis approach is utilized in traditional analysis on transient voltage stability of power grid,however such an approach checks voltage stability by the most severe fault with low probability of occurrence,so the result is too conservative and the approach of risk assessment can overcome such defect.A risk assessment approach for transient voltage stability in which various uncertain factors are taken into account is proposed.In the proposed approach,the control cost caused by the control measures to prevent transient voltage collapse of power grid is taken as the severity of power grid transient instability,and based on the attained risk index the faults are screened and sorted.Assessment results of IEEE 9-bus system show that the proposed assessment approach is feasible.


Fabrication tool downtime means corporate profitability down grades. Each fab tool can cost millions of dollars. Interest, depreciation and opportunity costs create a substantial loss for each hour of tool downtime. Furthermore, with hundreds of steps and numerous tools in the wafer fabrication process, downtime on a single tool can cause disruptions and dead time on many other expensive fab tools.


This paper analyzes on the market system of university library,and probes into the supply-demand theory of the holdings of university library.


The medical records of 94 consecutive patients with acute nonlymphocytic leukemia (ANLL) were reviewed to identify significant prognostic factors. The data were analyzed using 1) Cox's linear hazard and linear logistic models, 2) chi‐square comparison of the groups living longer than 2 years and those living less than 2 years, and 3) the Gehan‐Breslow test of equal survival curves. The only statistically significant finding was that the presence of promyelocytic cell type and complete remission correlated with increased survival (p < 0.05), but this was negated by the small number of patients with this cell type. There was a suggestive association between higher initial hemoglobin and survival (p = 0.09). The Gehan‐Breslow test revealed a possible difference in survival between those patients more than 51 years of age and those less than 51 (p = 0.10). Thus none of the commonly accepted prognostic factors in acute nonlymphocytic leukemia was definitely shown to be useful. The findings of this study support an aggressive approach toward all patients with this disease.


PURPOSE: A game operating system is provided to enjoy playing a game with a character and an item renewed when executing a game. CONSTITUTION: A tag sticker is attached to a product and stores product related game information. A mobile terminal secures (330) game information from the tag sticker for storing using a short distance wireless telecommunications method and allows the game information to be applied (360) when executing the game (350) by relating game information to a game which is wanted by a user for storing (340). [Reference numerals] (120) Mobile terminal; (301) Seller; (310) Sell a product; (320) Cancel the security of a tag sticker attached to the product; (330) Acquire game information (characters/items) related to the product from the tag sticker; (340) Connect the acquired game information to the game and store the information; (350) Execute a game; (360) Load game information and apply the information to the game


most endangered birds, with some of them considered to be in terminal decline. Every ornithologist could compile his own list, and every such list may be correct because occasionally new populations of endangered birds are discovered, or birds once thought common are found to be endangered as better data is received from the field. This compilation is based on the Zoological Society of London "Edge of Existence" list published last year.


The diploma thesis values and analyses financial and non-financial position of company XY, a.s. for the period 2010 – 2014 and consequently proposes the improvement of rocesses which affect the market value of the selected company and its long-term prosperity. The first chapter focuses on the theoretical background of the processes of financial and non-financial analysis, on its purpose, goals and users, as well as sources of information, namely Income Statement, Balance sheet and Cash flow. The second chapter directly analyses the financial and non-financial situation on the basis of financial statements for the use of various tools of financial analysis. The third chapter provides on the basis of a prior assessment recommendations and proposals aimed at a possible solution to improve the financial situation of the company.


The cracking state of a certain college housing project in Hunan is introduced, the cracking reason is analysised, the treatment method is offered by checking and computation.


The quaternary chalcogenide compound Ag2MnSnS4 belonging to the system I2-II-IV-VI4 and synthesized by the melt and anneal technique, was characterized by Rietveld refinement of the powder X-ray diffraction data and differential thermal analysis (DTA). It was found that nS4 crystallizes in the orthorhombic space group Pmn21, with unit cell parameters a = 8:1705(5) A, b = 6:9413(5) A, c = 6:6532(5) A, and V = 377:33(5) A3, in a wurtzite-stannite structure. The DTA indicates that this compound melts at 790°C and that the phase relations which occurs in the material would be: α  ➝ α + α1 ➝ α1 ➝ α1 + β ➝ β ➝ 1 + L ➝ L, were α is the orthorhombic wurtzite-stannite Pmn21 structure; α1 is a high temperature modification; and β and β1 are the zinc-blende structure and its high-temperature modification, respectively.


Lead alloy anodes employed in Zn electrowinning (EW) typically contain between 0.25 to 1.0% wt Ag. These anodes are either cast or rolled and have a flat or corrugated shape. New lead alloy anodes require a relatively long time to form an adherent, protective PbO2/MnO2 layer that can evolve O2 without excessive Pb contamination of the Zn cathode. To minimize cathode contamination, the anode surface is often mechanically, chemically or electrochemically pre-treated before anodes are placed in the EW process. Anode quality and performance have a significant impact on the Zn EW process. Technological advances in anode performance in the last 2 decades have derived from optimization of the anode fabrication step, anode pre-treatment procedures and changes in the composition and microstructure of the alloy, design modifications like perforated anodes, improved anode cleaning, and increased attention to detection and correction of short circuits. Still, cast anodes have significant porosity that can lead to enhanced localized corrosion and formation of short circuits. Usage of improved casting techniques has helped to reduce anode porosity but the industrial trend is to migrate to rolled anodes which have no measurable porosity. The microstructure of cold-rolled anodes is elongated and highly oriented with homogenous grain size distribution throughout the anode sheet matrix. Several plants are now exclusively using rolled PbAg anodes. In this paper recent developments in anode technology are described and an overview of anodes used in the Zn EW industry is presented. Physical and mechanical properties of these anode systems and associated pre-treatment methods are compared. Operational and economic issues associated with the use of different types of anodes are presented.


This chapter provides the understanding of papal history in the areas of political symbolism and manifestations of public authority and sheds some light on the economic life of papal Rome. The assumption of territorial rule and the entry of the local Roman nobility into the clergy brought about an increase in the routine business and a refinement of the structures of the Roman church. The Roman church also exercised significant jurisdiction and influence in and around Rome in ways that were only marginally connected to the spiritual functions of the church. In the ninth century, the popes began to reassert themselves. Gregory IV, for example, explicitly quoted Gelasius in a letter dated 833 to some Frankish bishops. Gregory, on his arrival in Francia, claimed that he had come to restore the peace of the Christian world, while the bishops told him he had no business sitting in judgement upon the emperor.


Abstract This article outlines a research design for a qualitative comparative study of communication across platforms, media and contexts – in China, the US and Denmark. After addressing the limitations in previous research on digital media in everyday life, we argue in favour of a comparative ethnography of communication that emphasizes the study of intermediality by taking a people-centred approach. The methodological design combines network sampling and maximum variation sampling with communication diaries and elicitation interviews. This design makes it possible to collect small and deep communicative trace data, to capture individuals' unique linking of all the communication tools and channels available to them and, in turn, to identify the role of the internet as it interacts and intersects with other forms of communication.


One-Sample Problems Introduction Location Model Geometry and Inference in the Location Model Examples Properties of Norm-Based Inference Robustness Properties of Norm-Based Inference Inference and the Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Norm Inference Based on General Signed-Rank Norms Ranked Set Sampling L1 Interpolated Confidence Intervals Two-Sample Analysis Two-Sample Problems Introduction Geometric Motivation Examples Inference Based on the Mann-Whitney-Wilcoxon General Rank Scores L1 Analyses Robustness Properties Proportional Hazards Two-Sample Rank Set Sampling (RSS) Two-Sample Scale Problem Behrens-Fisher Problem Paired Designs Linear Models Introduction Geometry of Estimation and Tests Examples Assumptions for Asymptotic Theory Theory of Rank-Based Estimates Theory of Rank-Based Tests Implementation of the R Analysis L1 Analysis Diagnostics Survival Analysis Correlation Model High Breakdown (HBR) Estimates Diagnostics for Differentiating between Fits Rank-Based Procedures for Nonlinear Models Experimental Designs: Fixed Effects Introduction One-Way Design Multiple Comparison Procedures Two-Way Crossed Factorial Analysis of Covariance Further Examples Rank Transform Models with Dependent Error Structure Introduction General Mixed Models Simple Mixed Models Arnold Transformations General Estimating Equations (GEE) Time Series Multivariate Multivariate Location Model Componentwise Spatial Methods Affine Equivariant and Invariant Methods Robustness of Estimates of Location Linear Model Experimental Designs Appendix: Asymptotic Results References Index


The rise of industrial automation tools and the integration of industrial and corporate networks for better production management have increased the likelihood of successful cyberattacks. This has necessitated the need to address the practical information security of industrial control systems (ICS). One solution is anomaly detection in ICS information processes during operation, which can detect known and unknown cyberattacks without prior analysis or labeling of training samples. Cluster analysis is used as an anomaly detection method in ICS, with hierarchical cluster analysis applied to data exposed to various cyberattacks. The study solves the issue of determining the optimal methods for secondary analysis of hierarchical clusters in order to mark clusters that includes anomalous data. Different methods such as IsoTree, OPTICS, LOF and ECOD were considered. Among these methods of classification and clustering, IsoTree and LOF methods provided the best results for the $SWaT$ dataset for determining clusters both anomalous and normal.


Selection and measurement bias should be managed pre-emptively by good design before the start of the study, but can be detected post hoc by critical appraisal. No statistical method removes the effect of selection or measurement bias post hoc, although there are methods that allow us to model different degrees of bias and evaluate the effect on the measure of association. Confounding is slightly different in that it can be adjusted for in the analysis, as long as its sources are understood and measured without too much error.


2. Benefits for Scene Reasoning The proposed rectangling solution offers a nearly perfect visual perception for users by eliminating the irregular boundaries in image stitching. It can also help downstream vision tasks such as object detection and semantic segmentation, which is crucial for scene understanding. As shown in Fig. 1, the detection and segmentation results are derived from Mask R-CNN [1]. We can notice that the objects in the stitched images with irregular boundaries may be missing, such as the surfboard (Fig. 1a), the dining table(Fig. 1b), and the toilet (Fig. 1c). By contrast, our rectangling results 'find' the missing objects. We summarize the improvement as follows: Almost all existing deep learning models (detection and segmentation) are trained on rectangular images, making them not robust to irregular boundaries in stitched images.


Content-based image retrieval (CBIR) is an research area over the past years that has attracted research. In various medical applications like mammogram analysis CBIR techniques helps the medical team to get similar set of images from a large medical records to help in diagnosis of a disease. This paper proposes an efficient Content-Based Mammogram Image Retrieval method by using an Optimized Classifier. Initially, the input dataset is preprocessed, in which noise removal and contrast enhancement are done. Next, pectoral muscles of the mammogram images are removed using Single Sided Edge Marking (SSEM). Now, feature extraction is done, in which GLCM features, Gabor features and the Local Pattern with Binary features are being removed. The features that are being removed are classified into three classes namely benign, malignant and normal. An optimized classifier named as Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS), which is optimized by using the Improved Particle Swarm Optimization (IPSO) technique, is used for classification purpose. Finally, similarity is assessed between the trained feature distance vectors and the feature distance vectors of the input query image. Similarity assessment is done using Euclidean Distance metric and the image that has the lowest distance compared with the query is retrieved. The experimental results are obtained for the proposed system and they are compared with the existing techniques.


Accurate modeling of the instantaneous uncut chip thickness is one of the key issues in milling mechanics. Although most current cutting force models take into account the effects of tool deflection and tool run-out, they only consider single-edge continuous milling processes and do not consider processes where multiple edges are simultaneously engaged in milling. Considering the tool runout and tool deflection that affect the end milling process, a novel uncut chip thickness algorithm based on two-flute continuous milling is proposed in this paper, and an analytical force model for actual milling is established. There is no need to use iterative methods, and the predictive power can be obtained by solving a linear system of equations, so the computational cost is greatly reduced. At the same time, stainless steel 316 was processed, and the experimental results showed that the predicted force was in good agreement with the measured force.


This paper documents my initial effort to approach a mathematical puzzle with a dual focus: my aim is to discover a rule for extracting square roots, but my primary interest is in the procedure, i.e. in the dynamics of my own wonder.  The exercise is taken, with some modification, from chapter three of Wealth of Self and Wealth of Nations by Philip McShane. It was an undergraduate effort, and my hope is that it will be helpful to anyone who wishes to make a similar beginning in serious self-attention. It may be of particular interest to high school, college, and university students who are struggling with the problem of memorization replacing genuine understanding in their education.


Water quality remains a main reason for the failure of waterbodies to reach Good Ecological Status (GES) under the European Union Water Framework Directive (WFD), with phosphorus (P) pollution being a major cause of water quality failures. Reducing P pollution risk in agricultural catchments is challenging due to the complexity of biophysical drivers along the source-mobilisation-delivery-impact continuum. While there is a need for place-specific interventions, the evidence supporting the likely effectiveness of mitigation measures and their spatial targeting is uncertain. We developed a decision-support tool using a Bayesian Belief Network that facilitates system-level thinking about P pollution and brings together academic and stakeholder communities to co-construct a model appropriate to the region of interest. The expert-based causal model simulates the probability of soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP) concentration falling into the WFD high/good or moderate/poor status classifications along with the effectiveness of three mitigation measures including buffer strips, fertiliser input reduction and septic tank management. In addition, critical source areas of pollution are simulated on 100 × 100 m raster grids for seven catchments (12–134 km2) representative of the hydroclimatic and land use intensity gradients in Scotland. Sensitivity analysis revealed the importance of fertiliser inputs, soil Morgan P, eroded SRP delivery rate, presence/absence of artificial drainage and soil erosion for SRP losses from diffuse sources, while the presence/absence of septic tanks, farmyards and the design size of sewage treatment works were influential variables related to point sources. Model validation confirmed plausible model performance as a "fit for purpose" decision support tool. When compared to observed water quality data, the expert-based causal model simulated a plausible probability of GES, with some differences between study catchments. Reducing fertiliser inputs below optimal agronomic levels increased the probability of GES by 5%, while management of septic tanks increased the probability of GES by 8%. Conversely, implementation of riparian buffers did not have an observable effect on the probability of GES at the catchment outlet. The main benefit of the approach was the ability to integrate diverse, and often sparse, information; account for uncertainty and easily integrate new data and knowledge.


There is ample evidence that both acid (ASMase) and neutral (NSMase) sphingomyelinases play a role in cell death so inhibitors of either enzyme could have significant value as protectors against neurodegeneration. We used a fluorogenic sphingomyelinase substrate, 6‐hexadecanoylamino‐4‐methylumbelliferyl‐phosphorylcholine, and a [14C]choline‐labeled sphingomyelin substrate to screen large numbers of phosphocompounds for inhibition of ASMase in extracts of human oligodendroglioma cells (HOG) and neonatal rat oligodendrocytes. Non‐competitive inhibition was observed with inorganic phosphate and AMP, which was a more potent inhibitor of ASMase than cyclic AMP, ADP or ATP. However, other nucleotide phosphates, sugar phosphates, nucleotide sugars and glycerol phosphate did not inhibit ASMase. Our key finding was that phosphatidyl‐myo‐inositol 3,4,5‐triphosphate [PtdIns (3,4,5)P3] was a much more potent inhibitor of ASMase than lysophosphatidic acid or phosphatidyl‐myo‐inositol 4,5‐diphosphate [PtdIns(4,5)P2]. When PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 was added to cultured cells we observed 50% inhibition of ASMase but no inhibition of other lysosomal hydrolases. After transfection of HOG cells with the tumor supressor phosphatase and tensin homolog protein (PTEN), which hydrolyses PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 to PtdIns(4,5)P2, we observed a two‐fold increase in ASMase activity. Furthermore, the phosphatidylinositol‐3‐kinase inhibitor wortmannin (which reduces PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 levels) also resulted in activation of ASMase. We propose that the small amount of ASMase activity associated with detergent‐resistant cell membranes (Rafts) is regulated by PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 and is most likely involved in receptor clustering and capping.


Three iridoid glycosides were isolated from the n-butanol fraction of the root extract of Stachytarpheta angustifolia (verbenaceae). Their structures were elucidated by using a combination of 600MHz/150 MHz ID and 2D NMR techniques (COSY, NOESY, DEPT, HSQC and HMBC) and by FABMS and HRESIM. Compound 1 was characterized as Citrifolinoside, (2) as Serratoside and 3 is determined as 6 – O – (3 " – O – trans – cinnamoyl) - α – L – rhamnopyranosyl catalpol heptaacetate.


An important ability of cognitive systems is the ability to familiarize themselves with the properties of objects and their environment as well as to develop an understanding of the consequences of their own actions on physical objects. Developing developmental approaches that allow cognitive systems to familiarize with objects in this sense via guided self-exploration is an important challenge within the field of developmental robotics. In this paper we present a novel approach that allows cognitive systems to familiarize themselves with the properties of objects and the effects of their actions on them in a self-exploration fashion. Our approach is inspired by developmental studies that hypothesize that infants have a propensity to systematically explore the connection between own actions and their perceptual consequences in order to support inter-modal calibration of their bodies. We propose a reinforcement-based approach operating in a continuous state space in which the function predicting cumulated future rewards is learned via a deep Q-network. We investigate the impact of the structure of rewards, the impact of different regularization approaches as well as the impact of different exploration strategies.


Distribution of power in the European Community implementation and enforcement of Community law challenging Community action - legality and accountability, procedures and remedies external relations free movement of goods competition free movement of persons social policy.


Layered double hydroxides (LDHs) with hydrotalcite-like structures containing Co(II) and Fe(III) were prepared and used for the removal of direct red 23 (DR23) from water solution. These CoFe–LDHs were characterized before and after reaction by XRD, FTIR, BET, and XPS. The factors affecting the adsorption and catalytic performance of the CoFe–LDHs were systematically investigated. The adsorption process followed pseudo-first-order kinetics, while equilibrium adsorption isotherm data were well fitted by the Freundlich model. Moreover, CoFe–LDHs exhibited high catalytic activity in the degradation of direct red 23 in the pH range 4–10. Under a catalyst dosage of 0.5 g L−1 and H2O2 concentration of 6.5 mmol L−1, the degradation ratio of direct red 23 was 95.6% after 30 min. The adsorption–degradation relationship in the presence of CoFe–LDHs was investigated. Intermediates were detected by GC/MS and a possible pathway for DR23 degradation was proposed. The reaction mechanism showed that cobalt ions play a critical role in the catalytic performance of CoFe–LDHs. Furthermore, the catalytic activity of CoFe–LDHs was maintained after three reaction cycles, demonstrating the recyclability and stability of this catalyst.


The natural isotope oxygen-18 and artificially injected tritium are used for studying the percolation of soil water. Particle velocity, progression rate and soil moisture flux are distinguished from each other. Water particle velocities and seasonal groundwater recharge are determined in glacio-fluvial deposits and in till soils. In the glacio-fluvial deposits of the Uppsala Esker it is found that the groundwater recharge is distributed rather uniformly over the year, although high soil moisture flux near the ground surface is caused by single episodes. The travel time of a water particle from the ground surface to the groundwater level at about 4 m depth is two to three years. In the more heterogeneous moraine areas, the dispersion of the marked water is considerable. However, the origin of water recharging the groundwater can be determined. The vertical distance travelled by the fastest moving water particles in one year does not exceed 10 m.


This article shows the results of a project that focuses on the characterization of the weld interface region of dissimilar joints between titanium alloys for aeronautical applications, specifically Ti-6Al-2Sn-4Zr-Mo with Ti-6Al4V, and Ti-6Al-2Sn4Zr-6Mo with Ti-6Al- 2Sn-4Zr-2Mo. The uniaxial flow stress and hardening response of the material containing the weld were analyzed following the finite elements simulations and mathematical formulations to correlate hardness and the amount of pile-up and sinking-in phenomena around sharp indenters with uniaxial mechanical properties. This allows to accurately stablishing the influence that welding process has on the mechanical response of the parts. Tests performed on these friction-welded specimens showed that the fine grained microstructures in the welds exhibited better properties than the base materials.


Objective: This study examines the moral experiences of parents in a French pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) following implementation of practice guidelines goveming life-support decision-making. Methods: A grounded-theory (qualitative) approach was used, drawing on information gathered through semi-structured interviews of 6 parents, 5 physicians and 10 nurses. Data was triangulated with data from medical records, PICU policy and protocols. ResîtÏts: Data analysis show that involvement in the decision making process and parental assent could improve parents' moral experience, because they would lead to a better understanding of the situation. It seems that the surrogate decision-maker should be the physician with or without a sharing of responsibility with the parents. Recommendations: (J) Parents' assent for flfe-support decisions should be obtained, (2) Physicians should be supportive in assuming responsibility for lfe-support decisions and shoïtld also give a great place to parents' wishes. Clear and fair information should be given to the parents, (3,) Time for active Ïistening and communication should be recognized by health care administration as aprimary care (4) Attention should be paid to ensuring parental understanding. Conclusions: Our study shows that parental moral experiences in life-support decision process are most positive when parents feel that they were well informed, and that their wishes conceming the decision to be taken were considered and respected. These findings call for an increased awareness of the need for communication and parents' understanding among staff in critical care units.


Recent observations suggest that gamma ray bursts (GRBs) and their afterglows are produced in star formation regions in distant galaxies by highly relativistic jets that happen to point in our direction. Relativistic beaming collimates the emission from the highly relativistic jets into small solid angles along the jet direction. It implies that we are seeing only a small fraction of the events that produce GRBs. The observed GRB rate then requires an event rate which is comparable to the birth rate of neutron stars (NS). The highly relativistic jets sweep up ambient matter along their trajectories, accelerate it to cosmic ray (CR) energies and disperse it in hot spots which they form when they stop in the galactic halo. With an event rate comparable to the NS birth rate, such events in our Galaxy may be the main source of Galactic cosmic rays at all energies. Internal interactions and/or external interactions of these jets with high column density matter and/or radiation at their production sites or along their trajectories can produce high energy gamma rays and neutrinos that are highly beamed along the jet direction. Jetted GRBs, like blazars, may be much more fluent in high energy gamma rays and neutrinos than in MeV gamma rays. But, TeV gamma rays from large cosmological distances are unobservable because of their attenuation by electron-positron pair creation on the intergalactic infrared background radiation. However, high energy neutrinos from distant GRBs may be observed with large surface/volume telescopes which are under construction. TeV gamma rays and high energy neutrinos may also be detected from relatively nearby GRBs by the existing moderate size detectors, but with a much smaller rate.


Irradiation with 2 MeV protons increases the vortex pinning energy in Tl2Ca2BaCu2O8 films. The maximum pinning energy occurs at a defect density that depends on (1) the density of flux pinning centers in the unirradiated film, (2) the ratio of pinning energies of the pre‐ and post‐irradiation defects, and (3) the effectiveness of the incident particle in creating pinning centers. An explicit formula for the pinning energy as a function of fluence is proposed.


A ram cannon (1) has an extendable barrel (2) slidably disposed over a starter cannon barrel (7). Such an extendable barrel is fully retractable during transport of the cannon and extendable at the time of firing. The barrel is also partially extendable, thereby providing a means to vary the muzzle velocity of a projectile (6) without varying the ratio of the fuel to the oxidizer in the propellant mixture. Utilizing an extendable barrel allows adapting a ram cannon to mobile artillery weapons, providing ease in transport, setup and firing, with a precise and rapid range adjustment capability.


In order to solve the difficulty in design that the column without beam in one direction in multistory frame has too long effective length in the direction without beam,the factors which influence the stability of the column without beam in one direction are studied by FEA and a conclusion is drawn that the number of storey and the ratio of line stiffness of beam in another direction to that of column are the most important factors,and designers can take the beams in another direction as the elastic supports of the column in the direction without beam to enhance the stability and decrease the effective length of the column,at the same time the stiffness out of plane of the beams connected with the column should be enlarged so that the ratio of line stiffness of beams to that of column meet the conditions given at the end of the paper.


Oscillations of photogenerated electron–hole plasma in freestanding terahertz emitters are studied using the hydrodynamic analysis and Monte Carlo simulations. The pronounced plasma oscillations are obtained in an n -GaAs emitter in which the oscillations are initiated by the surface electric field. The plasma oscillations are also found in an n-InAs emitter in which the oscillations are induced by the photo-Dember effect.


"Physical" philosophy of Fourier Transform approach is presented, and formalism discussed in 1-, 2-, and 3-dimensional problems. Application is made to the dissipative wave equation in three dimensions, and the responses are found for (1) distributed driving force, (2) relaxation from initial conditions, and (3) time-varying boundary conditions. One-dimensional heat-flow problems are also discussed.


Objective To investigate the systemic inflammatory reaction in patients undergoing hemodialysis and its impact on their survival. Methods Data of 119 hemodialysis patients were collected,of whom,96 survived,and 23 died.NYHA grading:grade 1-2,64 cases,and grades 3-4,55 cases.An analysis was done with regard to the blood routine,biochemical indicators,supersensitive C-reactive protein(SSCRP)and cardiac troponin. Results Differences between the survival and death group were statistically significant in terms of levels of serum albumin,cholesterol,SSCRP and cardiac troponin(t=2.11-14.69,P0.05),the differences of that between different group with different cardiac function were also significant(t=2.40-9.50,P0.05).A univariate Logistic regression analyses showed death was associated with the levels of SSCRP,cardiac troponin,and serum albumin cholesterol(χ2=4.26-30.05,P0.05). Conclusion Systemic inflammatory reaction plays an important role in survival of patients undergoing hemodialysis.


In this paper, we apply an evolutionary optimization classifier, referred to as genetic algorithm-based multiple classifier (GaMC), to the long-range contacts prediction. As a result, about 44.1% contacts between long-range residues (with a sequence separation of at least 24 amino acids) are founded around the sequence profile (SP) centre when evaluating the top L/5 (L is the sequence length of protein) classified contacts if the SP centers are known. Meanwhile, with the knowledge of sequence profile center and the GaMC method, about 20.42% long-range contacts are correctly predicted. Results showed that SP center may be a sound pathway to predict contact map in protein structures. Availability- http://mail.ustc.edu.cn/∼bigeagle/gamc.htm


We consider nonlinear biasing models of galaxies with particular attention to a correlation between the linear and quadratic biasing coefficients, b(1) and b(2). We first derive perturbative expressions for b(1) and b(2) in halo and peak biasing models. We then discuss our computations of the power spectra and bispectra of dark matter particles and halos using N-body simulation data and of volume-limited subsamples of Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) galaxies, and determine their b(1) and b(2). We find that the values of those coefficients at linear regimes (k < 0.2 h Mpc(-1)) are fairly insensitive to the redshift-space distortion and the survey volume shape. The resulting normalized amplitudes of the bispectra, Q, for equilateral triangles are insensitive to the values of b(1), implying that b(2) indeed correlates with b(1). The present results explain the previous finding of Kayo et al. (2004, PASJ, 56, 415) for the hierarchical relation of three-point correlation functions of SDSS galaxies. While the relations between b(1) and b(2) are quantitatively different for specific biasing models, their approximately similar correlations indicate a fairly generic outcome of the biasing due to the gravity in primordial Gaussian density fields.


ABSTRACT This paper aims to study whether intellectual capital disclosure by Danish companies is consistent in either the number of indicators disclosed and/or the types of indicators disclosed. Organizational form, locations of the disclosure in the annual reports, and changes in the indicators reported over time are also considered. The disclosure of intellectual capital indicators was analyzed using a model proposed by Danish Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation (2003b). 79 reports were collected for 16 Danish companies over the time period 2000-2006. The resulting disclosed indicators by each company were then compared to assess consistency across companies and over time. Employee indicators were most prevalent, followed by customer indicators. Less than 20% of the indicators disclosed were either process or technology indicators. The differences between companies were statistically significant, as was the difference in the category of indicator (employee, customer, process, technology). The difference between type of indicator (effects, activities, resources) was not significant. Organizational form and time did not display significant differences while location of the disclosure did. INTRODUCTION It is widely accepted that the financial reporting model as it currently exists is seriously flawed. The Jenkins Committee (AICPA, 1994) recommended that financial reporting in the US move toward a model of business reporting that includes financial and nonfinancial information, management's analysis of this data, and forward looking information. Among the suggestions are product quality, cycle time, innovation and employee satisfaction (page 143). Research has demonstrated that intangible value drivers have an effect on financial outcomes at both the firm and market level (see Ittner and Larcker, 1998; Ashton, 2005 for a review of this literature). The Financial Accounting Standards Board documented voluntary disclosures companies were currently making (FASB, 2001). Included in these disclosures was information about intangibles that are not currently recognized by traditional financial statements. Finally, Eccles, Herz, Phillips and Keegan (2001) documented a large reporting gap between what non-financial measures are desired by managers, analysts, and investors, and what is provided. Included in these non-financial measures are intellectual capital measures. Coinciding with this research on nonfmancial measures and intangible assets has been research in intellectual capital. Much of the groundbreaking work in intellectual capital has occurred in Sweden and Denmark. Edvinsson and Malone (1997) Mouritsen, Larsen and Bukh (2001), and Edvinsson (2002) describe the approach to intellectual capital developed by the Swedish insurance and financial services company, Skandia. Skandia released intellectual capital supplements to the corporate interim and annual reports published between 1994 and 1998. Skandia divided intellectual capital into two major components: human capital and structural capital. Structural capital was further divided into customer capital and organizational capital; organizational capital was broken down even further into process capital and innovation capital. Denmark has also been a leader in setting guidelines for intellectual capital reporting. In the late 1990s, a variety of research reports investigated what types of intellectual capital reporting was occurring (DTIDC, 1997; DATI, 1999, 2000; DMSTI, 2002). In 2001, the Danish Financial Statements Act required disclosure of intellectual assets for medium and large enterprises (KPMG, 2002). Subsequent to the adoption of the Financial Statements Act, the Danish Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation published several reports pertaining to intellectual capital statements, one providing guidelines for the preparation of intellectual capital statements (DMSTI, 2003 a) and one proposing a method of analysis (DMSTI, 2003b). …


The result of empirical study, that RRI Pro 2 FM Jakarta has conducted marketing communication of it's interative programme in the frame of attracting the audience toward the advertiser through two strategies both push strategy and pull strategy such as advertisement, promotion, public relation and publicity, personel selling and direct selling. However, the result of its advertisement has been unoptimum as the private radio in Jakarta worked. The results of analysis of qualitative approach by SOSTAC method (Situation, Objective, Strategy, Tactics, Action, Control) is gotten the result that marketing communication of interative programme through advertisement, promotion, public relation and publicity, personel selling and direct selling at RRI Pro 2 FM Jakarta has been not conducted maximally due to the limited number of marketing, so the gained commercial advertisement has not met an existing quota. This is caused by having not been supported a planning, implementing and evaluation effectively, sistemically, integratedly and comprehensively as the impact of having not been fully encouraged by quality and quantity of organizer's human resources of RRI Pro 2 FM Jakarta sufficiently, especially Marketing Human Resources those are involved durctly in marketing communication of interative programme. Keyword: Strategy Of Marketing Communication, Interative Programme, Radio


We prove that a general hyperplane section of a smooth Legendrian sub-variety in a projective space admits Legendrian embedding into another pro-jective space. This gives numerous new examples of smooth Legendrian sub-varieties, some of which have positive Kodaira dimension.sity. The author is grateful for their invitation, financial support and for creating a stimulating atmosphere. He acknowledges an inspiration by works of Jaros law Wi´sniewski, many discussions with Joseph Landsberg and many precious remarks


This paper established an RP-HPLC method for the determination of the drug release of glipizide sustained release tablets.The RP-HPLC was on a ODS C18 column(5 μm,4.6 mm × 250 mm) at room temperature,using the mobile phase of methanol-buffer solution(0.1 mol/L sodium dihydrogen phosphate,adjusted to pH(6.00±0.05) with 2 mol/L sodium hydroxide)(55∶ 45),at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min and the detection wavelength of 225 nm.Glipizide was detected by the apparatus Ⅲ of dissolution,using as the medium 250 mL of 0.5% lauryl sodium sulfate solution,at 50 r/min.5 mL sample of the medium in turn at 2,6 and 10 h to determine following the above method.The calibration curve was linear in the range of 1.019~26.49 μg/mL.The method was accurate for the drug release determination of glipizide sustained release tablets.The analysis was out of interference of excipients.


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The FMR (ferromagnetic-resonance) measurements were performed in single crystals of silicon-iron, nickel-iron, nickel, and hcp cobalt in the frequency region 8-140 Gc/sec at room temperature. The samples, in the form of thin discs, were statically magnetized parallel to the plane of the disc. Their thickness was at least one order of magnitude greater than the penetration depth at microwave frequencies. The values of linewidths, magnetocrystalline anisotropy constants, and $g$ factors were obtained. A macroscopic theory of the resonance line shape was developed, including simultaneously the effects of skin penetration of microwave field, the pinning conditions of the surface spins, and the relaxation damping in the Landau-Lifshitz form. The linewidth frequency dependence of the materials with small values of magnetocrystalline and magnetostriction constants (s\'{\i}licon-iron and nickel-iron) can be fairly well explained assuming a small amount of surface spin pinning and a certain value of the frequency-independent Landau-Lifshitz damping constant. The possible origin of pinning and damping is discussed. The linewidths of highly magnetostrictive and anisotropic materials (cobalt and nickel) suggest a large inhomogeneous broadening, probably due to imperfections and inhomogeneities in crystal structure of the samples. The values of magnetocrystalline anisotropy constants agree mostly with the results of static measurements. The values of $g$ factors were found independent of frequency and in good agreement with the Kittel-Van Vleck theory.


In this paper, we investigate the dynamic optimization on resource allocation and reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) control in RIS-enhanced multi-cell orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) systems. Specifically, we jointly optimize the subcarrier and power allocation strategies, and control the amplitude and phase shift of the reflection elements of RIS. We propose a multi-agent deep reinforcement learning (MADRL) method to solve this optimization problem. We design a multi-agent double deep q-network (MADDQN) algorithm to generate the subcarrier allocation policy, and adopt the multi-agent deep deterministic policy gradient (MADDPG) algorithm for power allocation and RIS control. Furthermore, a bi-directional transfer learning (BDTL) framework is proposed to enhance the adaptability of neural networks in different environments by leveraging the common configurations of these environments. Simulation results illustrate that the proposed algorithms have higher sum-rate and faster training speed than the baseline algorithms. Moreover, the BDTL framework further accelerates the convergence speed of neural networks under different environments.


This paper describes several MATLAB-based applications useful for image processing and image quality assessment. The Image Processing Application helps user to easily modify images, the Image Quality Adjustment Application enables to create series of pictures with differ- ent quality. The Image Quality Assessment Application contains objective full reference quality metrics that can be used for image quality assessment. The Image Quality Evaluation Applications represent an easy way to compare subjectively the quality of distorted images with reference image. Results of these subjective tests can be processed by using the Results Processing Application. All applications provide Graphical User Interface (GUI) for the intuitive usage.


Introduction. One of the chronic complications of greater economic cost is the care of patients with diabetic foot, whose prevalence is 15 to 20% of all patients with this metabolic disorder. An estimated 20% of them are amputees further 50% of these cases will undergo contralateral amputation within 5 years. Objective. Determine the feasibility of using the epidermal growth factor recombinant human in the treatment of patients with diabetic foot stage 3 or 4 of Wagner compared with standard treatment used in the health sector of México. Material and methods. An economic evaluation was performed, cost-utility and cost-effectiveness through a Markov model. The time horizon was one year with bimonthly cycles. Results. The deterministic sensitivity analysis on the variables: Cost and Effectiveness FCErh, the annual cost of treatment of patients with diabetic foot ulcer with standard therapy results in greater expense to the health sector. In terms of effectiveness: the patient treated with 1.58 months FCErh adjusted life with quality of life than those treated with standard therapy. Analysis showed that the group using FCErh amputations are reduced by 11.8 % over the period analyzed.


If a patient's insurer won't pay for a treatment, tell him it's an option anyway. Otherwise, you might be sued.


This article related some typical cases on WuMeiWanl in the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome,chronic gastritis,dysmenorrhea and acute appendicitis,to expand the scope of its clinical application and to illustrate the clinical application of WuMeiWan subjects treatable diseases.


Objective To summarize the clinical effect of the bidirectional cavopulmonary artery shunt on complex congenital heart disease in children.Methods The 25 patients underwent bidirectional cavopulmonary artery shunt from Jan. 2001 to Oct.2004.Among the 25 patients there were 14 male and 11 female, aged from 37 days to 3 years(mean 1.1±0.8years), weighted from 3.6-15.0kg(mean7.3±2.8kg). The mean transcutaneous oxygen saturation was 73.5%±5.8%, mean hematocrit was 54.8±9.9% before operation; of 25 cases 9 with single ventricle, 5 with DORV, 4 with transposition of great arteries, 2 with pulmonary atresia, 2 with Ebstein's anomaly, 2 with hypoplasia of tricuspid and right ventricle and 1 with tricuspid atresia; The hemodynamic feature of 23 cases was a functional single ventricle with pulmonary arterial stenosis. In 15 cases operations were performed with CPB,among them in 8 with parallel CPB and 7 underwent clamping aorta; in other 10 cases operations were performed without CPB. Among them, 17 patients underwent single lateral bidirectional cavopulmonary artery shunt, 8 parients bilateral bidirectional cavopulmonary artery shunt. Also the 3 patients received secondary operation following B-T shunt. Result Of 25 cases 1 died before the operation, 24 survivors were followed-up from 3 months to 3.5 years, their symptom of cyanosis was improved remarkably and transcutaneous oxygen saturation was raised obviously; in their echocardiography no obstruction of superior vena cava was found.Conclusion With CPB or without CPB should be selected according to the patient's condition,and bidirectional cavopulmonary artery shunt for complex congenital heart disease in children with inadequate pulmonary blood flow is feasible, its response is satisfactory.


The formation of cytochrome c oligomers was induced at liquid-gel and liquid-liquid interfaces via electroadsorption. At an optimum interfacial potential (Eads =0.975 V), the protein was accumulated at these soft interfaces. It was found that as the concentration of adsorbed protein increased, a single voltammetric peak evolved into double and triple peaks (tads = 300 s). Analysis of the protein accumulated at the interfaces by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis indicated the presence of oligomeric species corresponding to dimers (~27 kD), trimers (~35 kD) and even larger species (> 250 kD) after prolonged electroadsorption (tads = 2 h) at macro-scale soft interfaces. Accordingly, it was possible to electrochemically induce oligomerisation at these soft interfaces which can be tuned via experimental factors such as interfacial potential difference, electroadsorption time, bulk solution concentration. These results suggest the use of electrochemistry at soft interfaces as a strategy for investigation of protein oligomerisation and its inhibition.


Erythritol (C4H10O4) is a sugar alcohol (or polyol) that is commonly used in the food industry. Its molar mass is 122.12 g·mol−1 and mass density 1450 kg·m−3. Erythritol, an odorless crystalline powder, can also be characterized by other physical parameters like melting temperature (121 °C) and boiling temperature (329 °C). The substance can be used for the accumulation of energy in heat exchangers based on various oils or water. The PlusICE A118 product manufactured by the PCM Products Ltd. company (melting temperature Θ = 118 °C, specific heat capacity cp = 2.70 kJ.K−1.kg−1, mass density 1450 kg·m−3, latent heat capacity 340 kJ.kg−1, volumetric heat capacity 493 MJ.m−3) is based on an erythritol-type medium. Thermal properties of the PlusICE A118 product in both solid and liquid phase were investigated for this purpose in terms of potential applications. Temperature dependences of its thermal parameters (thermal diffusivity, thermal conductivity, and specific heat) were determined using a transient (ste...


A project conducting research into the cultivation- and settlement-history of the eastern Alps during the early-Holocene has led to a series of newly discovered Mesolithic sites in the sub-alpine heights. The focus of this article is the pre-boreal / boreal open air site of Ullafelsen (1869 m above sea level) in the Fotschertal (northern part of the Stubaier Alps), which can be considered to have served as a seasonal base-camp for hunting expeditions. On the currently-excavated area of 17 square meters, two hearths could be fully-, one partially-uncovered, and approximately 2800 artifacts could be logged. Among these are copious evidence for core production and the use of the "notch-and-snap" technique, as well as many microliths. Especially informative are the current indications of flint-processing involving south-Alpine as well as north-Alpine types of flint. Included are those from Monti Lessini, Monte Baldo and the Nonsberg, the area of the Alpine high crest, the northern Kalkalpen, those from the south of Bavaria, etc. At the same time, the finds reflect the differing influences in the development of the microlithic tool tradition, as they have been described from areas south and north of the Alpine high crest.


Due to the emergence of electronic media into science and technology, the awareness and acquaintance to scientific data has been increased during the past three decades. Internet facilities have made possible the reach of data to all the academicians/ researchers. Mushrooming of publications and duplication of articles has been tremendously increased in the recent years. Due to the emergence of new science called scientometrics, the quality and quantity of scientific material is expected to be measured and analyzed on the basis of scientific measures.


The Rendezvous for Justice's literature spoke of a new approach to mental health…we aim to overcome difficulties that we face day to day, whether it's medicines that don't suit us, or suffering the bad attitudes of others. In contrast to the promotion of independence and police-endorsed pressures to coerce people into mental health services, the project's literature advanced a cultural competence not available in mainstream mental health services. As Fabian Best observed: Our workers have a different approach that is informal, relaxed and nonjudgemental. We believe in helping and advising but we won't order anyone around. The service was characterised by assisting people to identify where they want to be , and offered community-rooted advocacy and mentoring (see ABSWAB leaflets). In such ways they assisted users to identify personal goals. Rendezvous for Justice regarded itself as unique insofar as it nurtured mutual support as well as the personal development of its five users and two carerpractitioners recruited from local mental health projects. An ABSWAP member observed: We visit people when they are in an acute phase. We place value on spending time with them, even when they are in mental health services…we encourage everyone to think that we all have something to give. We validate users' experience… The service reliably generated the enthusiasm and warmth of the people it supported who want it to grow. As two people with experience of the service noted: There's not much for Black women in our culture. If the people who are supporting you have a passion it excels you to do more. If self esteem is low due to mental health issues it enhances our achievement…I get the help I need in moving on and getting goals. We support each other…I'm a shy, sensitive person. It boosted me up and gave me more confidence. I sing. I did a course in


Fig. 1. Thoracic CTscan performed at the acute phase showed a pseudo-aneurysm ari lumen (arrowheads). (A) Transverse view, (B) sagittal view, and (C) three-dimensiona pseudo-aneurysm was observed on the control CT scan performed 14 days later. (D spontaneous reduction in size of the pseudo-aneurysm and the major surgical risks, th managed in a physical therapy department (patient's consent was obtained).


Objective:To investigate the inhibitory effect of RNA interference (RNAi) on the expression of multidrug resistance (MDR1) gene and analyze the altered sensitivities of human renal carcinoma cell line to cisplatin.Methods:Three small interfering RNA (siRNA) sequences targeted MDR1 gene were synthesized and transfected into renal carcinoma A498 cells. The expression level of MDRl mRNA was measured by RT-PCR to identify the most effective siRNA sequence. The recombinant plasmid was packed by lentivirus and transfected into A498 cells. RT-PCR was used to screen the A498 cells with the optimal silencing efficacy. The MDR1 protein expression level in the cloned cells was verified by Western blotting. The inhibitory effect of cisplatin on the proliferation of A498 cells was assessed by MTT assay and the IC50 value was calculated. Results:The 3 siRNA sequences suppressed MDR1 gene expression at different degrees. The siRNA 1 sequence silenced MDR1 gene more effectively with a significant reduction of 67%. The MDR1 protein expression greatly decreased in screened A498 cells compared with non-transfected cells (P0.01),and the IC50 value of cisplatin on screened A498 cells was significantly decreased by 83.37% (P0.01). Conclusion:The RNAi could effectively inhibit the expression of MDR1 gene and increase the sensibility to cisplatin in human renal carcinoma A498 cell line,which make it possible to reverse the resistance of renal carcinoma to chemotherapy.


The use of nickel-loaded brown coal char (Ni/BCC) as a catalyst for tar reforming has been studied under mild conditions in a laboratory-scale fluidized bed gasifier using steam as the gasifying agent and nitrogen as the product gas carriers. Characterization of the catalyst was performed in a fixed-bed reactor under various conditions such as Ni/BCC particle size in the range of 0.5 to 2 mm and pyrolysis temperature in the range of 823 to 1023 K in order to investigate the effect of both catalyst particle size and pyrolysis temperature on crystallite size of Ni/BCC. The Ni/BCC catalyst was consumed at various steam feed rate so as to determine the effect of steam feed rate on the size of the catalyst. The XRD pattern of the catalyst showed that the size of the Ni particles increases as the particle size of the catalyst decreases, pyrolysis temperature increases, and steam feed rate increases. SEM images and BET surface area were used to characterize the surface structure and surface area of the Ni/BCC catalyst, respectively. The space velocity and catalytic tar reforming temperature as a function of gas yields were investigated. The catalyst showed high and stable catalytic activity and produced a high-quality product gas with space velocities of 10000 and 4000 h−1 at 923 and 873 K, respectively.


This paper mainly studies on the process of treating high concentration organic wastewater with electrocatalytic oxidization combined with ozone oxidation,and the best experimental conditions are explored,finally good indexes are obtained.Controlling electrolysis and oxidation time for 2 h,adjusting pH to neutral,making the electrode pad gap as 1 cm,controlling the current density distance for 1×10-2 A/m2,the voltage for 29 V,the ozone flow for 1 L/min,finally the removal rate of organic materials of high concentration organic wastewater reaches 90%.


Objective We study the impact by an animal model of bone fluorosis of type Ⅰ collagen immunohistochemistry and type Ⅰ collagen MRNA,diagnosis for the prevention of skeletal fluorosis and provide a basis for the theory.Methods Use the image analysis system to observe the Ⅰcollagen type of immune group Ⅰcollagen MRNA in hybridization of the vertebra of the mormal rats and the rats femur model.Results Got the area of positive points system of each group of the samples、the averge gray value and other indicatiors of positive reaction.Conclusions The indicators of the model group are significantly lower than the control group(P0.05),animal model of fluorosis immunohistochemistry and collagen type Ⅰ collagen MRNA change indicators.


This study examines the autonomous goals of state actors and their administrative and cultural capacities to pursue them. Analyzing qualitative and quantitative data from Palestine/Israel during the years 1940–1960, we study the diffusion of joint productivity councils that use scientific management principles (scientific JPCs). We assess explanations for the diffusion of managerial models offered by theories of state autonomy, efficiency, labor control, and professionalization. We demonstrate that the actions of state leaders interested in stabilizing the economy and financing nation-building projects were a necessary condition for the diffusion of scientific JPCs, which were initially rejected by labor, capital, and industrial engineers. State actors used public policy to foster national and plant-level agreements between labor and capital and launched a moral discourse that framed productivity as a precondition for national survival. This case study brings insights from political sociology and the framing literature to organizational research and offers a new set of factors for understanding the nexus between the state, the labor process, and the diffusion of managerial models.


Abstract : Two methods of integrating automatic sprinkler protection into high rise, rack storage systems are described with the aid of detailed sketches. The two schemes are hydraulically analyzed and compared to the performance of conventional systems. A cost effectiveness analysis is made of one system which utilizes tubular rack columns as water conductors. (Author)


Multiple mixing models for hyperspectral imagery have been developed over the years. The most common is the linear mixing model which states that each pixel's spectral signature is a linear combination of the unique materials (or endmembers) in the scene. For mixtures of particulates, an intimate mixture model exists that nonlinearly combine the spectra. For mixtures where multiple paths are involved such as in tree canopies, a bilinear mixture model exists. Previous research has combined the linear with the intimate mixing model or the linear with the bilinear mixing model, but not all three. This paper describes a unified mixture model (UMM) that combines all three models and adaptively identifies the correct mixture to calculate the corresponding amounts of each endmember. The algorithm is demonstrated on a well-known quantitative spectral data set and a hyperspectral image containing a complex, coastal scene.


The International Society for the History of Philosophy of Science (HOPOS) held its fourth biennial conference at Concordia University in Montreal in June 2002. This conference featured roughly one hundred speakers discussing topics in the history of philosophical reoection on science from ancient times to the present and across the range of scientiac disciplines from sociology to physics. While not neglecting logical empiricism, Kant, or philosophy of physics, the conference featured sessions on agures such as August Comte and Emile Meyerson and on topics as diverse as seventeenth century life science, nineteenth century social science, and twentieth century psychology. This diversity was evident also in the two invited plenary addresses; Francois Duchesneau of the Universite de Montreal spoke on "Leibniz on Building a Science of Organic Bodies," while Don Howard of the University of Notre Dame discussed "Politics and the Philosophy of Science in the Nineteenth Century: Suggestions for an Agenda." Among the striking features of the papers at the conference was the consistently high level of attention to the various contexts within which work in philosophy of science has gone forward. In addition to offering discussions of the larger scientiac and philosophical contexts of work in philosophy of science, HOPOS speakers also spoke to the social and political contexts and goals of philosophy of science at various places and times. Attendees of the conference were convinced that such historical contextualization of philosophy of science was not only of interest to philosophers of science, but it also provided a bridge from philosophy of science to, as well as philosophical resources for, history and sociology of science. This issue of Perspectives on Science contains four exemplary instances of such contextual history of philosophy of science. Warren Schmaus's essay,


In the last decade, technologies such as spacecraft's navigation and guidance, rendezvous and docking have gradually matured. Moreover, research on spacecraft with autonomous maneuvering and intelligent decision-making capability for on-orbit servicing is also increasingly receiving more attention. With the rapid development of new space industry in particular large scale small satellite constellation, spacecraft that have the ability to avoid collisions, and on-orbit servicing spacecraft have become an important topic. Based on the game theory, this paper studies the process of terminal approach and rendezvous in the mission of spacecraft on-orbit servicing by taking terminal zero effort miss distance as the cost function. The established game control strategy is formulated differently from the traditional bilateral game as multiple spacecraft coexist in constellation have been taken into consideration. To reduce the control difficulty caused by the unknown terminal approaching time and the time to avoid collision, the time equation is established by calculating the corresponding time node to improve the designed game control strategies. Simulation study has been conducted and the results show the effectiveness of the proposed game control strategies.


But not too abstract In an age when downloading media is increasing at an exponential rate, static album art has become obsolete. Current digital album artwork does not take advantage of the available technology. Nor does it provide the user with an integrated experience. Previous attempts at linking music to moving imagery have resulted in uninspiring "visualizer" plugins. These types of media player add-ons do not produce emotionally or narratively relevant imagery for the user. Furthermore, the limited selection of downloadable media that includes a digital booklet, separates the booklet contents from the album cover. More importantly, these disconnected elements do not compensate for their lack of tangible assets. The objective of this thesis project was to create a hybrid of album design and motion graphics for downloadable music. By creating a prototype, this project demonstrates the concept that a library-style package of interchangeable moving images linked with audio media, can enhance the narrative and emotional elements of the user experience.


define impurity using the log-rank test. As in CART, growing a tree by reducing impurity ensures that terminal nodes are populated by individuals with similar behavior. In the case of a survival tree, terminal nodes are composed of patients with similar survival. The terminal node value in a survival tree is the survival function and is estimated using those patients within the terminal node. This differs from classification and regression trees, where terminal node values are a single value (the estimated class label or predicted value for the response, respectively). Figure 3 shows an example of a survival tree.


Background and Purpose: As we know, there are many problems in the treatment of many different types of tumors and cancers. Using antioxidant compounds could play a key role in the prevention of cancer. Researchers are exploring and finding natural substances that can prevent cancer. In this regard, in this study, they investigated the antioxidant and anti-cancer properties of fruit extract of citrus against a mutagenic materials of sodium azide by using liver microsomes and Ames test. Methods: In this experimental study after aqueous, ethanol, methanol extraction of citrus, anti-mutagenic power determination test was performed based on the Ames method and by using mutant strains of Salmonella and carcinogen substance of sodium azide in the presence of rat liver microsomes. Results: The results showed that the numbers of mutant colonies were reduced in the presence of all three types of extracts. In such a way that aqueous, ethanol extracts respectively by 52 and 88 percent have the lowest and most anti-ejection impact. The differences between the average numbers of bounced colonies per plate in relation to the Mutagenic substance were analyzed by using SPSS software and one-way analysis of variance. Conclusion: In this study, the anti-cancer effects of different extracts of citrus were indicated that can be appear due to the presence of flavonoids with antioxidant compounds like vitamin C and A.


— Traditional big data clustering methods for complex attributes have problems of poor clustering results and long clustering running time. Therefore, this paper proposes a nonlinear big data clustering method for complex attributes based on cloud computing. Based on cloud computing environment, the storage framework of big data is constructed to extract the characteristics of information flow model of big database. Multiple regression analysis method is used to obtain the output update rules of big data clustering with nonlinear complex attributes, and achieve balanced configuration of big data transmission channels. Hash function of nonlinear complex attributes is obtained according to p-stable distribution, and hierarchical sampling method is used to achieve big data classification with nonlinear complex attributes. Cloud computing technology is used to complete sample allocation and clustering of nonlinear complex attribute big data. Experiments show that the clustering effect of complex attribute big data proposed in this paper is good, and the clustering running time is significantly shortened.


During the anaphase stage of mitosis, a motility force transports genetic material in the form of chromosomes to the poles of the cell. Chromosome deformations during anaphase transport have largely been attributed to viscous drag force, however LaFountain et. al. found that a physical tether connects separating chromosome ends in crane-fly spermatocytes such that a backwards tethering force elongates the separating chromosomes. In the presented study laser microsurgery was used to deduce the mechanistic basis of chromosome elongation in rat-kangaroo cells. In half of tested chromosome pairs, laser microsurgery between separating chromosome ends reduced elongation by 7±3% suggesting a source of chromosome strain independent of viscous drag. When microsurgery was used to sever chromosomes during transport, kinetochore attached fragments continued poleward travel while half of end fragments traveled towards the opposite pole and the remaining fragments either did not move or segregated to the proper pole. Microsurgery directed between chromosome ends always ceased cross-polar fragment travel suggesting the laser severed a physical tether transferring force to the fragment. Optical trapping of fragments moving towards the opposite pole estimates an upper boundary on the tethering force of 1.5 pN.


Although one expects the data of greenhouse-gas using a commercial type high resolution FT-IR are useful to solve a global warming phemomenom, the effects on line shape of measurement parameters are not reported. We have, using a Bruker IFS-120HR high resolution FT-IR, studied the line shape of the CO2 fundamental band at 2360cm-1. We found that the instrumental resolution of 0.1cm-1 is not sufficient for studying the gases at normal pressure. The effect on the intensity of apodization functions was observed when the measurement was performed at 0.01cm-1 resolution. We also presented the data of several Freon gases.