The Argument L. E. J. Brouwer and David Hubert, two titans of twentieth-century mathematics, clashed dramatically in the 1920s. Though they were both Kantian constructivists, their notorious Grundlagenstreit centered on sharp differences about the foundations of mathematics: Brouwer was prepared to revise the content and methods of mathematics (his "Intuitionism" did just that radically), while Hilbert's Program was designed to preserve and constructively secure all of classical mathematics. Hilbert's interests and polemics at the time led to at least three misconstruals of intuitionism, misconstruals which last to our own time: Current literature often portrays popular views of intuitionism as the product of Brouwer's idiosyncratic subjectivism; modern logicians view intuitionism as simply applying a non-standard formal logic to mathematics; and contemporary philosophers see that logic as based upon a pure assertabilist theory of meaning. These pictures stem from the way Hilbert structured the controversy. Even though Brouwer's own work and behavior occasionally reinforce these pictures, they are nevertheless inaccurate accounts of his approach to mathematics. However, the framework provided by the Brouwer-Hilbert debate itself does not supply an adequate correction of these inaccuracies. For, even if we eliminate these mistakes within that framework, Brouwer's position would still appear fragmented and internally inconsistent. I propose a Kantian framework — not from Kant's philosophy of mathematics but from his general metaphysics — which does show the coherence and consistency of Brouwer's views. I also suggest that expanding the context of the controversy in this way will illuminate Hilbert's views as well and will even shed light upon Kant's philosophy.


This exciting new book brings together contributions from world-leading scholars as well as younger researchers and focuses on cutting-edge issues related to the practice of qualitative research in the field. It provides a forum for contributors to discuss the issues and processes which inform qualitative research in its various forms as based on fieldwork experiences.


The paper focuses on the importance of in-situ assessment of damaged structures finalized to properly design and calibrate innovative structural strengthening solutions such as FRP (Fiber Reinforced Polymers). Accordingly, the paper aims to assess this topic by presenting a remarkable case study of a fire-damaged reinforced concrete industrial structure, located in Dubai (UAE), on which an extensive experimental campaign on materials and structures was carried out to evaluate the damages caused by the fire. The assessment of the building included structural surveys, in situ non-destructive testing techniques (NDT), laboratory testing of collected samples and full-scale structural evaluation by means of cyclic load testing. Consequently, a specific strengthening system with FRP materials was designed and realized. In addition, quality control of the retrofit application was carried out with NDT techniques as well as evidence of structural efficiency was given afterwards with the execution of full-scale cyclic load tests on the strengthened structures.


This research focuses on autonomous traversal of land vehicles through exploring undiscovered tracks and overcoming environmental barriers. Most of the existing systems can only operate and traverse in a distinctive mapped model especially in a known area. However, the proposed system which is trained by Deep Reinforcement learning can learn by itself to operate autonomously in extreme conditions. The dynamic double deep Q-learning (DDQN) model enables the proposed system not be confined to only in known environments. The ambient environmental obstacles are identified through Faster R-CNN for smooth movement of the autonomous vehicle. The exploration and exploitation strategies of DDQN enables the autonomous agent to learn proper decisions for various dynamic environments and tracks. The proposed model is tested in a gaming environment. It shows the overall effectiveness in traversing of autonomous land vehicles. The goal is to integrate Deep Reinforcement learning and Faster R-CNN to make the system effective to traverse through undiscovered paths by detecting obstacles.


This paper is an attempt to study the role of various object oriented software metrics with regard to software quality and implementing them on an open source Java based operating system to evaluate its design traits. Captured metrics have been mapped to higher level quality attributes characterized by the QMOOD quality model. Prior to mapping, metric values have been normalized to enable us to interpret the meaning of quantitative figures calculated to indicate quality factors. This one offers a concrete model resulting in computation of measures such as reusability, flexibility, understandability, functionality and alike using composite metrics. Also it is economical to implement this type of model and can be effectively used in observing many aspects of software product quality. This would enable the project managers to foresee the problem areas and refactor the code to eliminate anomalies and undesirable complexities which may crop up post-deployment. Besides early assessment, it should considerably facilitate in better project planning and efficient resource-allocation.


A juniperanol composition is provided to prevent and treat hyperlipidemia, steatosis, diabetes or obesity by causing the increase of expression amount of a uncoupling protein gene and the increase of protein amount and phosphorylation of AMP-activated protein kinase and Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase. A juniperanol composition for preventing and treating hyperlipidemia, steatosis, diabetes or obesity comprises a compound of the following chemical formula I as an active ingredient. The composition is a pharmaceutical composition or a food composition and increases the expression of the UCP 2 (uncoupling protein 2) or the UCP 3 (uncoupling protein 3).


At the Hanford Site, the record of decision for remediation of CERCLA sites is largely based on results of the baseline risk and performance assessment of the remedial action alternatives. These assessments require the ability to predict the fate and transport of contaminants along appropriate exposure pathways which, in case of the Hanford Site, includes the migration of contaminants through the vadose zone to the water table. Listed below are some of the requirements, as prescribed by the regulators, relative to CERCLA risk and performance assessment at Hanford. A workshop was organized by the Environmental Risk and Performance Assessment Group, Westinghouse Hanford Company on March 29--30, 1993 at the Richland Best Western Tower Inn. During the workshop, an assessment was made of the need for and scope of various tasks being conducted or planned as part of the Hanford Site waste isolation performance assessment/risk assessment activities. Three external, nationally-recognized experts served as part of a review panel for the workshop: (a) Professor Lynn Gelhar of MIT; (b) Professor Peter Wierenga of University of Arizona; and (c) Dr. Rien van Genuchten of US Salinity Laboratory, Riverside, California. The technical experts provided their perspectives on the current state-of-the-art in vadose zone flow more » and transport modeling. In addition, the technical experts provided an outside independent assessment of the work being performed or planned in support of various activities identified in TPA Milestone M-29-02. This document includes the following: Recommendations from the three peer reviewers; areas of expertise of the three peer reviewers; workshop agenda; copies of viewgraphs (where available) from presenters at the workshop; workshop minutes; and list of workshop attendees. « less


ObjectiveTo optimize ISSR amplification system on Coptis chinensis Franch.MethodsOrthogonal design was used to investigate four factors(Mg2 +,dNTP,primer,BSA) at three levels respectively.ResultsA reaction system suitable for Coptischinensis Franch.was established,that was,25 μl amplification reactions system containing 1 ×PCR buffer,1.5 mmol/L Mg2 +,200 μmol/L dNTP,0.4 μmol/L primer,40 ng template DNA,1U Taq DNA polymerase,BSA 1 μg/μl.ConclusionA reliable graph can be obtained through this optimal reaction system.


It has been reported that 3.6 million Syrian refugees have sought safety in Turkiye since the civil war started in Syria. Experiencing war-related events and challenging phases of migration, refugees face various psychological disorders. Structured and adapted psychological interventions for this group are limited. To ensure the feasibility of Narrative Exposure Therapy in this context, this study aimed to explore the potential challenges during its delivery through a preliminary Focus Group with local professionals working with Syrians in Turkiye. Content analysis was used and the results led to eligibility criteria to select suitable participants for a subsequent study. These criteria include being between the ages of 20-45, fluent in Turkish and literate, having economic relief, and residing in the western region of Turkiye. This preliminary study serves as a roadmap for addressing potential obstacles for the subsequent study and a foundation for future research in this population. Keywords: Syrian refugees, focus group, refugee mental health, psychological intervention, content analysis


Bronchiolitis is the most common viral infection of the lower respiratory tract in childhood; it is considered the most severe respiratory condition that affects children under 2 years of age. In general, mortality from bronchiolitis is low, but it can reach up to 30% in patients at risk. Twenty children have died from this condition in the pediatric hospital of Cienfuegos in the last 30 years. Bronchiolitis-related deaths account for approximately 4 % of all deaths from 2010 to date. This fact has led to the implementation of administrative measures to reduce deaths from this cause, which have not solved the problem. The aim of this paper is to present a set of criteria for admission of bronchiolitis patients to intensive care units in order to be considered by the administrators of the institution.


Objective To study the effects of telmisartan on matrix metalloproteinase-13(MMP-13) and tissue inhibitor of metallo- proteinase-1(TIMP-1) expressions and insulin resistance in rat model of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH).Methods Thirty male SD rats were randomized into normal control group,NASH model group and telmisartan intervention group.The rats were given standard food in normal control group,while high fat diet for 16 weeks in the other two groups to induce NASH.In telmisartan intervention group, telmisartan[5 mg/(kg·d)]was adminstrated intragastrically for 4 weeks since the 12th week.All animals were sacrificed at 16 weeks. Serum levels of alanine aminotransferase(ALT),aspartate transaminase(AST),fasting blood glucose(FBG) and fasting insulin(FINS) were detected.Insulin sensitivity was evaluated by homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance(HOMA-IR).Western blot and RT-PCR were used to measure TIMP-1 and MMP-13 expressions in hepatic tissue.Histological observation and immunohistochemical staining ofα-smooth muscle actin(α-SMA) were also performed.Results Serum levels of ALT,AST,FPG,FINS and HOMA-IR were significantly higher in NASH group than in normal control group(P0.01).Compared with NASH group,serum levels of ALT,FPG, FINS and HOMA-IR decreased significantly(P0.01),and AST level also decreased,but with no significance(P0.05).Telmisartan improved significantly hepatic inflammation and fibrosis(P0.01),decreased HOMA-IR significantly(P0.01),reduced expresseions ofα-SMA and TIMP-1,and increased expressions of MMP-13 in hepatic tissue(P0.01).Conclusion Telmisartan can improve insulin resistance and prevent hepatic fibrosis in NASH rats.


. The article analyzes the life path of Heorhii I. Khodorovskyi − Ukrainian public figure, diplomat, Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of Ukraine, People's Deputy of Ukraine. The major areas of his activity at different life stages, academic interests, contribution to the development of medicine and diplomacy are studied. The paper examines the childhood of Heorhii Khodorovskyi, his parents, educators and school years. After school, Heorhii studied at Chernivtsi Medical Institute, pursued postgraduate studies and gained a degree of Doctor of Medicine. From 1961 to 1969, Heorhii Khodorovskyi – a postgraduate student, assistant professor, Associate Professor at Chernivtsi National University. In 1968, he was assigned to the Institute for Doctors Improvement in Moscow and later to the USSR Academy of Sciences to study foreign languages. Between 1969 and 1973, he was Associate Professor at the Faculty of Medicine of the University of Zambia. Heorhii also held position of a chairman of the local committee of the Embassy of the USSR in Zambia.


This book offers a comprehensive analysis of dynamic networks and evolutionary variational inequalities, a topic of growing prominence in the study of networks. The extraordinary importance of networks in finance, mathematics, computer science and other areas is well known but the relatively new concept of 'dynamic' networks is less well understood. They become dynamic when the constitutive elements of the phenomena associated with the fixed geometry of networks are considered to be evolving over time. Patrizia Daniele offers many numerical examples to illustrate the issues discussed and provides a broad appendix to enrich this challenging but deeply informative book.


The environmental impact and sustainability of irrigation with coal-mine water was investigated from an agricultural point of view on different coal-mines in the Republic of South Africa. Field trials were carried out on a commercial and plot scale, on sites that could offer a range of soil, crop, weather conditions and water qualities such as gypsiferous, sodium sulphate and sodium bicarbonate waters. Crop production under irrigation with gypsiferous mine water is feasible on a field scale and sustainable if properly managed. No symptoms of foliar injury due to centre pivot sprinkler irrigation with gypsiferous water were observed. The presence of high Ca and Mg in the water suppressed plant uptake of K. This could be corrected by regular application of K containing fertilizers. The bigger problem experienced was waterlogging due to poor site selection, especially during the summer months. The problem is not related to the chemistry of the gypsiferous water used for irrigation. Pasture production with Na2SO4 rich mine effluent was also feasible, at least in the short term, but


Opento closed canopy stage and it's ecological characteristics in vegetation succession are commonly described, but poorly understood in Korea. Vegetation development on structure, environment and understory abundance were studied for 16 yr in post-clearcut Pinus densiflora forests in the southern Gangwon-do province by applying space-for-time approach. We sampled 210 plots (10 for structure and 200 for understory) for four seral stages (1yr, 3yr, 10yr and 16yr). After clear-cut, mean stem density increased gradually to 5,714±645 stems/ha after 16 years and mean basal area was also from 5.5±0.7 m/ha after 10 years and doubled at 10.0±1.6 m/ha in 16 years. Woody debris and bared soil on the forest floor peaked at 11% after 10 years and at 10.3% after 3 years, respectively. In understory mean cover declined with all growth form groups following succession, but in richness, forb specie increased with structural development during 16 years. Our study suggested that overstory development did not suppressed whole understory properties especially in richness, thus appeared to act as a filter selectively constraining the understory characteristics. However only long-term studies are essential for elucidating patterns and processes that cannot be inferred form short-term or space-for-time researches. Strong negative relationship between overstory and understory characteristics in conventional models surely reexamined.


Many scholars have looked into student academic performance in monitoring and non-supervision supervised learning, and they have used a variety of data mining techniques. To gain significant guessing skill, neural networks often require a large number of observations. Due to the rising number of impoverished students with degrees, it is vital to develop a programme that aids in the reduction of this scourge as well as the incidence of recurrence due to poor performance or the necessity to drop out of school entirely in pursuit of their job. As a result, it is vital to understand each one's benefits and drawbacks in order to identify which one works best and which ones should be chosen many times. The study's goal is to create an Artificial Neutral Network-based student performance prediction system that uses student mathematical features to help the university select candidates (students) with a high prediction of admission success based on previous student academic records who will eventually earn a degree from the institution. The model was built using a set of input variables, including parental status. With parent's data, there is about 80.84 percent accuracy, whereas without information about parent's education, there is 81.37 percent, indicating that they are closely related. As a result, in the large scale of student's data, these differences will be so minor, according to this machine learning prediction process. There are many things, which need to do predictive process to check the possibility of happening that thing, as the advancement is rapidly increasing.


In the optical wireless communication systems proposed by Gibson, et al, the information is encoded as states of orbital angular momentum (OAM) of light and the transmitter unit can produce laser beam with single OAM-state in a time-slot. Recently we have proved that it is possible to generate multiple OAM-states simultaneously by single spatial light modulator. This method is adopted in our free-space optical wireless communication system and these OAM-states can be detected in the receiving unit by a computer-generated hologram. Hence, the transmission capacity is enhanced significantly without increasing the complexity of system.


The article presents the solution of a power rectifier system dedicated to cooperating with an electric generator based on a special synchronous generator, which can be used in wind or water energy systems. In this generator, a pair of three-phase windings in a stator is utilized. One of the windings is connected in a star, and the second one is connected in a delta configuration. Two six-pulse uncontrolled (diode) rectifiers are included at the outputs of the windings. The rectifiers are coupled by a pulse transformer. The primary windings of this transformer are supplied by a power-electronics current source called a current modulator. With the help of this current modulator, the quasi-sinusoidal magnetomotive force (mmf) in the stator of the machine can be obtained. Additionally, to improve the efficiency of the described system, the low-power transistor rectifier, which is connected to the DC bus of the current modulator, has been used. With the help of this converter, it is possible to control and stabilize the voltage level in a DC circuit. It works, in this case, in inverter mode. The principle of working and elaborated control methods of the current modulator and the additional rectifier are presented. Selected results of simulation and experimental tests are also presented.


ABSTRACT In this article, we consider the ARD(p)(1) process where D[0, 1] is the space of cadlag function and the pth derivative has a possible jump. One envisages to detect the position and intensity of jump in the context of p derivatives with continuous or discrete data. We also envisage jump for the (p + 1)th derivative. The main result allows to detect jump and to detect intensity of jump simultaneously. Asymptotic results are derived.


The challenge in treating patients with solid tumors is the similarity between tumor and normal cells. Localized therapies such as surgery and radiotherapy succeed only if malignant cells are confi...


Spherical shock-ignition experiments on OMEGA used a novel beam configuration that separates low-intensity compression beams and high-intensity spike beams. Significant improvements in the performance of plastic-shell, D2 implosions were observed with repointed beams. The analysis of the coupling of the high-intensity spike beam energy into the imploding capsule indicates that absorbed hot-electron energy contributes to the coupling. The backscattering of laser energy was measured to reach up to 36% at single-beam intensities of ∼8 × 1015 W/cm2. Hard x-ray measurements revealed a relatively low hot-electron temperature of ∼30 keV independent of intensity and timing. At the highest intensity, stimulated Brillouin scattering occurs near and above the quarter-critical density and the two-plasmon-decay instability is suppressed.


nternational criminal law, as a system of legal regulations found in acts of the international community and criminal legislations of individual states, establishes criminal liability and punishments for crimes against international law. These acts represent breaches of the laws and customs of war (international humanitarian law) that violate or threaten peace among nations and the security of mankind. Penalties prescribed for these criminal offences stand for the most severe penalties in contemporary criminal legislation. In some cases, international judiciary (supranational) institutions such as The Nurnberg and The Tokyo Tribunal, The Hague Tribunal, The Rome Court etc. have primary jurisdiction over perpetrators of these criminal offences. This criminal offence means the killing of a nation or a tribe. Genocide was proclaimed as "a crime under international law, which is in contradiction with the spirit and the aims of the OUN and condemned by the entire civilized world" by UN General Assembly Resolution 96/I from 11 December 1946. Although it emerged as a "subspecies of crime against humanity", genocide rapidly obtained an autonomous status and contents as one of the most serious crimes of today. As a crime against international law, genocide is determined by three elements: a) the objective componentаctus reaus b) the subjective componentмеns rea c) the subject of the act-the group-the victim. The source of this incrimination is found in Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide from 1948, which, in paragraph 2, defines the term and the elements of this crime against international law. In legislation, theory and practice, this term can be interpreted in the broader sense, as well. In this papet the author has analysed theoretical and practical aspects of genocide in international criminal law and criminal law of Republic of Serbia (former FR Yougoslavia).


Past research suggested that—from the perspective of perpetrators—animal metaphors are a powerful means to reinforce social exclusion and to foster hostile behaviors against the targets of social exclusion. In the current work, we focus on the consequences of this dehumanizing form of social exclusion from the perspective of victims. In two studies, we manipulated the presence of animal metaphors in a variety of contexts of interpersonal social exclusion. Our results showed that when social exclusion is associated with animal metaphors, its consequences are exacerbated. In particular, labelling targets of social exclusion as animals indirectly caused them to display more aggressive tendencies compared with when they are labelled with corresponding offending, but nondehumanizing, attributes. Crucially, this increased aggressiveness was mediated by higher perceptions of being treated (Study 1) or viewed (Study 2) by others as animal-like. Overall, our research showed the detrimental effects of the interplay between social exclusion and animal metaphors from the perspective of victims.


Entrepreneurship has been globally identified as an important factor for economic development. The importance of entrepreneurship has encouraged policymakers to invest in entrepreneurship development, and entrepreneurial mindset and culture are being assumed as important factors to consider in developing entrepreneurship success and growth. This study focused on the role of entrepreneurial mindset and culture on the entrepreneurship success or failure in South Africa. The objective of this study was to understand whether entrepreneurship culture can enhance entrepreneurial mindset and whether both entrepreneurial mindset and culture enhance entrepreneurship success and development. A qualitative research approach was used for this study, where a systematic literature review was followed as the method of review. Various online databases and peer-reviewed journal articles were used in analysing appropriate and relevant literature. The findings revealed that culture and mindset have a robust contribution towards entrepreneurship development and success. The findings further revealed that entrepreneurship culture makes an important contribution to the development of an entrepreneurial mindset, which encourages entrepreneurial intentions and venture success. This study indicates that the creation of an entrepreneurial mindset that drives creativity and innovation, resulting in new ventures being created and entrepreneurship culture being cemented, is very important in encouraging entrepreneurship growth and success.


Chapter 1 PAGE The problem and its background A. Objective of study 1 B. Definition of terms 1 C. The problem stated 2 1. Review of the place of counselling in the tradition of the church 3 2. Response of the church to the challenge of the psychological sciences 5 a. The Clinical Pastoral Education Movement 5 b. An Evangelical response to the psychological 8 sciences D. Chapter outline 10 Chapter 2 The response to modern psychology in the Mainstream -Pasto~al and Care Movement C. A. B. Preliminary remarks on the cbjective cf chapter The theological framework of those in the Mainstream of Fastoral Counselling and Care An outline of the main features of Hiltner1s Pastoral Theology/Counselling 1. The roots of Hiltner's pastoral theology a. Alfred North Whitehead b. Paul Tillich c. Anton T. Boisen 2. Conclusion D. An evaluation of the pastoral counselling of the Mainstream Movement 1. Scripture and its use 2. Anthropology E. Conclusions 13


The endocannabinoid system modulates adult hippocampal neurogenesis by promoting the proliferation and survival of neural stem and progenitor cells (NSPCs). Specifically, deleting cannabinoid receptors on NSPCs or the constitutive deletion of the endocannabinoid 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) producing enzyme diacylglycerol lipase alpha (DAGLa) disrupts adult neurogenesis. However, it is not known which cells are the producers of 2-AG relevant to neurogenesis. In this paper, we investigated the cellular source of endocannabinoids in the subgranular zone (SGZ) of the hippocampus, an important neurogenic niche. For this purpose, we used two complementary Cre-deleter mouse strains to delete DAGLa either in neurons or astroglia and NSPCs. Surprisingly, neurogenesis was not altered in mice with a deletion of Dagla in neurons (Syn-Dagla KO), although they are the main source for the endocannabinoids in the brain. In contrast, mice with a specific inducible deletion of Dagla in NPSCs and astrocytes (GLAST-CreERT2-Dagla KO) showed a strongly impaired neurogenesis with significantly reduced proliferation and survival of newborn cells. These results identify Dagla in NSPCs in the SGZ of dentate gyrus or in astrocytes, as the cellular source for 2-AG in adult hippocampal neurogenesis. In summary, 2-AG produced by progenitor cells or astrocytes in the SGZ regulates adult hippocampal neurogenesis. Summary DAGLa in neuronal progenitor cells in the SGZ of dentate gyrus is identified as the cellular source for 2-AG in adult hippocampal neurogenesis.


The impact of identities encompassing all human beings (e.g., human and/or global identities) on intergroup relations is complex, with studies showing mostly positive (e.g., less dehumanization), but also negative (e.g., deflected responsibility for harm behavior), effects. However, different labels and measures have been used to examine the effects of these all-inclusive superordinate identities, without a systematic empirical examination of the extent to which they overlap or differ in their sociopsychological prototypical content. This study examined whether different labels activate the same contents in laypeople's conceptualization. Two hundred and forty-eight participants openly described one of six labels: "All humans everywhere"; "People all over the world"; "People from different countries around the world"; "Global citizens"; "Citizens of the world"; and "Members of world community." Results from quantitative content analyses showed that the different labels activated different thematic attributes, representing differences in their core prototypical meaning. We propose that a general distinction should be made between labels that define membership based on human attributes (e.g., biological attributes) and those that evoke attributes characteristic of membership in a global political community (e.g., attitudinal attributes), as their effect on intergroup relations may vary accordingly.


This paper addresses the complex problem of recognising threat situations from videos streamed by surveillance cameras. A behaviour recognition approach is proposed, which is based on a semantic recognition of the event. Low-level tracking information is transformed into high-level semantic descriptions mainly by analysis of the tracked object speed and direction. Semantic terms combined with automatically learned activity zones of the observed scene allow delivering behaviour events indicating the mobile activity. Behaviours of interest are modelled and recognised in the semantic domain. The approach has been applied on different public datasets, namely CAVIAR and ARENA. Both datasets contain instances of people attacked (with physical aggression). Successful results have been obtained when compared to other state of the art algorithms.


Fir sawdust, a low-cost residual agricultural material, was used as adsorbent for the removal of Cu2+from aqueous solutions. Factors affecting the adsorption behavior of Cu2+, such as pH, initial metal concentration, contact time and temperature, have been carried out. The Cu2+ removal was pH-dependent, reaching a maximum at pH 5. The adsorption capacity of the fir sawdust from Langmuir adsorption isotherm was 38.6 mg/g at 25°C. The adsorption process followed pseudo-second-order kinetics. The equilibrium data fitted very well to the Freundlich isotherm. The negative ΔGo values at various temperatures confirm that the adsorption processes are spontaneous.


The first three threats, though distinct, are closely related in assessing how the outside world is perceived in Russian foreign and security policy. Various official documents (including the national security concept, military doctrine, and foreign policy concept) state unambiguously that the primary threat to Russia's national interests is its internal economic situation, and the failure to undertake serious and responsible reform. Nonetheless, they also state clearly that opportunities to participate in international security, political, and economic forums in the international system affect whether Russia will be able to achieve its objectives for renewal and growth.


The invention relates to formulations and their use in organically based electrochromic components, for example for the production of status indicators whose state remains connected as long as possible normally receive. These electrochromic organic-based formulations are characterized in that any one or more cathodically (coloring) switchable electrochromic color systems are contained in the formulation, as well as a novel anodic switchable opponent with an amine which is dimerized by donating an electron to a hydrazinium salt. Titanium dioxide is, and further even a dispersant, which can also be crosslinked or partially crosslinked used as a background image (visual barrier).


1147 preschool children aged from 3 to 6 living in some farm villages in Kyungki-do were surveyed on dmf and distribution of dental caries in primary dentition. The results were as follows: 1. dmf rate ... 92.76 % boy ... 94.52 % girl ... 90.5.5 % 2. dmf t rate ... 37.07 % dmf t index ... 7.09 3. dmf s rate ... 13.74 % dmf s index ... 13.14 % 4. df t index ... 6.94 5. Each percentage of d, m & f per dmf teeth d rate ... 89.96 % m rate ... 7.24 % f rate ... 2.67 % 6. Most frequent site of dental caries in each tooth mesial distal mesial distal distal distal disto-occlusal disto-occlusal linguo-occlusal occlusal 7. Order of caries susceptibility 8. All the values in caries criteria showed a marked increae from those of 1968.


In this paper, we propose a probabilistic extension of the Creol modeling language, called PCreol, for which we give the operational semantics in Probabilistic Rewrite Logic. We give details on the implementation of a prototype PCreol interpreter, executable in Maude, on top of the existing one for Creol. We also achieved the integration of PCreol with the VeStA tool, which allows for statistical model checking and statistical quantitative analysis of PCreol programs. We give two example PCreol programs and show how VeStA can be used to study their properties. The paper is concluded with a number of future research directions. 1


A translation research project submitted to the Faculty of Arts, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Masters of Arts in translation.
Johannesburg November 1993


Systemic acquired resistance (SAR) is an inducible defense response triggered in response to a localized infection that confers whole-plant immunity against secondary infections. SAR is thought to involve generation of mobile signal(s) at the site of infection that, upon translocation to the distal tissues, activate broad-spectrum disease resistance. Several plant metabolites that fit the criteria defined for mobile signals have been identified. The SAR conferred by these structurally unrelated chemicals, including azelaic acid (AA), methylated derivative of salicylic acid (SA), dehydroabietinal, pipecolic acid and glycerol-3-phosphate (G3P), is dependent on SA. Many of these chemical SAR inducers require the lipid transfer proteins, DIR1 and AZI1, for their function in SAR. Thus, signaling induced by these diverse chemicals is likely to converge into a common pathway. For example recent findings show that AA functions upstream of G3P and confers SAR by inducing G3P biosynthesis. This review summarizes recent findings related to these mobile chemical inducers of SAR.


Critical perspectives have called to the study of women's entrepreneurship as a social phenomenon. This 'social turn' claims women are empowered and/or emancipated through entrepreneurship with limited problemitisation of these interchangeably used concepts. This study disentangles the relationship between empowerment, emancipation, freedom and entrepreneurship through juxtaposing the narratives of two women entrepreneurs in Saudi Arabia and Sweden. The findings distinguish between empowerment as practices to reach freedom for the self, and emancipation, as a process of freedom for others in society. However, emancipation also develops into an unreachable object of desire, which could lead to the reproduction of status quo.


The article summarizes the results of an Internet survey of history teachers, in which 216 teachers from 31 regions of Russia took part. The author considers the development of the subject-oriented ability to work with historical sources in the context of the development of schoolchildren's functional literacy as a priority task of the modern Russian school. The aim of the study is to characterize the methodological ways of teaching schoolchildren the methods of analyzing historical sources dominant in teachers' work based on expert teachers' assessments of how well graduates of the 9th and 11th grades mastered the ability to critically analyze historical sources, identify their effectiveness, suggest options for improving mass teaching practice. The analysis of literature has shown that the ability to analyze historical sources is interpreted as the basis for the development of historical and critical thinking, a person's ability to independently cognize the past. Methodological science has substantiated various models of student analysis of historical sources based on the methodology of modern historical science and focused on the development of schoolchildren' subject and metasubject skills, functional literacy. At the same time, the results of the survey indicate that the vast majority of the teachers organize work with sources outside any system and sequence, and no more than once or twice during the term. Explaining the reasons for this, the teachers point to work overload, lack of high-quality didactic support of courses, and a low level of student learning. They also say they need advanced training in teaching schoolchildren to work with historical sources. The teachers note the low level of their students' mastery of the basic procedures for analyzing historical sources: according to the teachers' assessments, in 60-80% of classes in Russian schools, less than half of the students mastered the basic ability to "read" sources (extract explicit and implicit information). According to a third of the teachers, no more than 20% of their students are able to complete tasks on commenting on a historical source when a student, relying on knowledge of the context, begins to understand the past, think as historians think. Another quarter of the teachers indicated an interval of 30-40%. When working with sources, the dominant feature is the formation of historical knowledge, and the tasks of the students' learning the activity- and value-based components of educational historical knowledge are not solved effectively enough, which ultimately makes it difficult for students to achieve results in the subject and complicates the solution of the complex tasks of improving the quality of education that Russian education is faced with today.


As consistent with world medical research diabetes is observed as the fastest growing diseases. In 2050, the world's diabetes patients will reach to 700 million, which means one of the 20adults in future is suffering from diabetes. Diabetes is India's fastest developing disease, where 70 million instances recorded in 2017, it may doubly in 2025. It may occur due to various causes such as viral infection, chemical contents mix with the food, environment pollution, eating habit, changes in food, etc. With the rapid development of present technology, it has implemented many components of scientific research. Many machine learning researches forecast the Type 2 Diabetes without need of medical exams. In this research, Data analysed by different types of algorithms to avoid risk factor of type 2 diabetes. Moreover, this paper explores the accuracy in diabetes prediction the use of medical reports with machine learning algorithms and methods.


The indigenous tropical spices like garlic (Allium sativumL.) and onion (Allium cepa L.) are rich in nutritional and medicinal properties which play an important role in prevention of various diseases. In this study, total phenols, flavonoids, ascorbic acid and total sugars in onion and garlic were estimated using acetone, ethanol and distilled water as solvents. Total phenols/phenolics, flavonoids, ascorbic acid and total sugars were highest in water extracts. Among the different varieties, total phenols, ascorbic acid, flavonoids and total sugars were highest in garlic variety HS17 in comparison to onion variety HS-2 and onion variety HS-3.Among different extractants, total phenols/phenolics, flavonoids, ascorbic acid and total sugars were highest in water extracts followed by ethanol and acetone. In comparison to onion and garlic, garlic contained higher amounts of total phenols, flavonoids and ascorbic acid and total sugars on fresh weight basis and also showed higher antioxidant activity. Hence, garlic is a better source of antioxidants in comparison to onion.


In order to reduce cities'lighting energy consumption,a LED lighting control system based on wireless sensor networks is designed.A structure scheme which includes LED monitor,gateway controller,monitoring center and remote controller is proposed.It uses the remote controller and monitoring center to control the LED monitors'switching states and LED brightness wirelessly.The feedback status of the LED monitors are also received and displayed on LCD screen.The experiments show that the circuits can achieve communicate between the remote controller and monitoring center with the LED monitors,and remotely switch on,switch off,and adjusting the brightness of the LED.This system has a certain application value,reducing the lighting energy consumption and enhancing the efficiency of energy utilization,and it has a certain market prospects.With further expansion,it can also be applied to smart home,industrial and agricultural production,and many other fields.


Ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (RuBisCO) from a red alga, Galdieria partita, has been crystallized by the hanging drop vapor diffusion method. Two forms (Forms I and II) of crystals were obtained under distinct conditions. The Form I crystal belongs to monoclinic space group C2 with cell dimensions of a = 190.2, b = 140.0, c = 189.0 A, and beta = 102.6 degrees, and diffracts up to 3.0 A resolution. Diffraction from the Form II crystal was too weak to determine crystal data.


Two different types of aggregated polyphenylene dendrimer molecules, G2Td(COOH)16 and G4-Td, obtained by spin coating a dilute solution onto freshly cleaved mica surfaces, and their adhesion properties were measured by pulsed force mode (PFM) AFM. The adhesion properties could be related to the chemical nature of the outer surface of the dendrimers and the mica surface, and the thin film of water adsorbed on mica when imaged under ambient conditions. Most importantly, from the adhesion image of mixed aggregates of G2Td(COOH)16 and G4-Td, as measured by PFM-AFM, the two different aggregated dendrimers can be easily discriminated.


Apoptosis is a process that governs the elimination of unwanted, damaged, or infected cells in most organisms. Defects in its execution are associated with several diseases, including cancer. Herein, we discuss novel molecules with potential anti-tumor activity that target components of the apoptotic machinery, specifically Bcl-2 proteins, IAPs and caspases.


A winder is a kind of important equipment in coal m ine Its function ef fects the coal-mining safe running directly In recent years, we aimed at the w eak link of the equipment and improved it Better results have occurred


Herein we present a quantitative noise analysis of diffraction enhanced imaging (DEI), an x-ray imaging method that produces absorption and refraction images, with inherent immunity to wide-angle scatter. DEI can be used for planar imaging or computed tomography. DEI produces excellent images, but requires an x-ray source of very high power; therefore, it has principally been confined to synchrotron studies. Clinical systems currently under development using conventional x-ray sources will be photon-limited. Therefore, it is important that the noise properties of DEI be understood. We derive mathematical expressions for the noise statistics of DEI images, and show that the original formulation of DEI, given by Chapman, et al, is the maximum-likelihood solution of the image-estimation problem for the case of Poisson noise. However, we find that the standard DEI solution is only unbiased under particular conditions, which must be obeyed if good results are to be achieved. We also present the results of applying various noise-reduction filters, which we found to be very effective in reducing noise variance while introducing little bias.


GENERAL T.TEiLNTT BY THE Cii NS( EILLOP 01 E,xcHilEQU Rl;............... DTSCUSSION ... Persons NMaking Their Own Arrangeiaetiets .. Power to Close the Panel Salaried -Service ... Nursiug Service ... Immi--ediate Closure of PanelN.. Views of the Frieindly Societies . Salaries of Nurses ... Public Salaried'.'Service lndulstrial atd Collecting, Suciett-e. E"xteusioti 'fillie.., iIm1EPLY BY TIRE CHANCEILOTI 011 EI. Lxi 'HI' ?i*--.. IN-SURANCE ACT IN' PRLIAME.NT CORRESPONDENCE ... r.,LC;E


Rapid growth in mobile broadband wireless networks invoked the next generation networks (NGN) to integrate heterogeneous networks (WLAN/ WiMAX/ WiPAN/ UMTS) i.e. having individual coverage and capacity covering hotspots with high data rates and mobile cellular systems with full coverage. To attain seamless transfer of an ongoing session in NGN, we need an optimized vertical handover (VHO) i.e. handover between two different air-interface standards. We have some VHO decision algorithm which helps in network selection during VHO like SAW, MEW, GRA, TOPSIS and etc. These decision algorithms are based on certain quality of service (QoS) metrics include bandwidth, jitter, BER, delay. It is very important to know how these metrics have been measured. Based on this parameter-measurement, a decision has to be made to execute VHO. This paper investigates performance characteristic measurements of PHY and MAC layer in IEEE802.11x i.e. baseband measurements in terms NAV and EVM for data and management frames. Finally, EVM is introduced as a new trigger to initiate VHO. This paper is supported by simulated experimental results to propose a new QoS trigger. This trigger initiates a new session to execute a VHO. Suggestions are accompanied with this paper for improvement in modulation schemes for network selection criteria for emerging WLAN technology.


In a scientific paper presents a mathematical model developed by the basic prediction of sales in the short term, is described in detail an algorithm for constructing the forecast, the main results of the validation of predictive models in real terms of car sales of JSC "AVTOVAZ". Emphasizes the importance of the application of mathematical methods for predicting how reliable and effective tools for optimizing the planning of industrial and economic activities of the modern enterprise.


Photographs, illustrations and diagrams have long been used as a way to support and enhance textual material. The emergence of the Web as a teaching platform has focused the attention of educators on the use of multimedia as an instructional medium. Sound, video and animation are the primary components of multimedia. Animation can be a powerful tool for introducing concepts and processes. An animated diagram can support the text or go beyond the written explanation. Adding motion to a process diagram or an illustration, which shows how something works, can help to explain difficult concepts. Although most educators avoid multimedia packages due to their expense and complexity, Flash is a great tool for the beginner. Flash offers a quick way to create simple animations to be used on the Web.


We prove a highly uniform stability or "almost-near" theorem for dual lattices of lattices $L \subseteq \Bbb R^n$. More precisely, we show that, for a vector $x$ from the linear span of a lattice $L \subseteq \Bbb R^n$, subject to $\lambda_1(L) \ge \lambda > 0$, to be $\varepsilon$-close to some vector from the dual lattice $L^\star$ of $L$, it is enough that the inner products $u\,x$ are $\delta$-close (with $\delta 0$ depends on $n$, $\lambda$, $\delta$ and $\varepsilon$, only. This generalizes an analogous result proved for integral vector lattices in \cite{MZ}. The proof is nonconstructive, using the ultraproduct construction and a slight portion of nonstandard analysis.


Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is an extremely sensitive method that often demands optimization, especially when difficult templates need to be amplified. The aim of the present study was to optimize the PCR conditions for amplification of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) promoter sequence featuring an extremely high guanine‐cytosine (GC) content in order to detect single nucleotide polymorphisms ‐216G>T and ‐191C>A.


Abstract : An electrostatic analyzer is described that can be applied to obtaining the differential energy spectrum of very low energy ions or electrons in the energy range 1 to 100 eV. This instrument is designed to operate at magnetic field strengths up to 0.5 gauss and is adaptable to construction as an array of sensing elements. (Author)


Pfizer announced last September that it was getting out of the business of developing new drugs to prevent or treat cardiovascular disease. Dr. Alan Garber asks whether the decision reflects only the strengths and weaknesses of Pfizer's pipeline, or whether the commercial prospects have soured so much that we can expect an industrywide decline in innovation in cardiovascular drugs.


Eosinophilic fasciitis is an uncommon connective tissue disorder characterized by thickening of the deep fascia and overlying skin and subcutaneous tissue. It may mimic scleroderma and other scleroderma-like conditions. It may be a manifestation of paraneoplastic disorders or may be associated with hematological disorders including lymphomas. Definitive diagnosis is made on histological examination of a deep skin biopsy revealing thickened deep fascia and infiltration by lymphocytes and eosinophils. Enhancement of deep fascia on Gadolinium contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging may be used as a substitute for skin biopsy. Ultrasound imaging is an evolving imaging tool for diagnosing it. Glucocorticoids with or without immunosuppressive agents remains the mainstay of therapy with good response, generally. A younger age of onset, morphea like lesions and dermal fibrosclerosis is more likely to be associated with the refractory disease. Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment may result in better outcomes in terms of morbidity and quality of life of the patients.


This paper examines the role of educational attainment in being employed in Uganda. Using household panel data for four waves; 2005/06, 2009/10, 2010/11 and 2011/12, the study estimates correlated random effects models and analyses the education-employment relationship.  We find a positive association between educational attainments and "not-working" in the static model but when state dependence is accounted for, the association disappears for all education levels except degree education which is not significant at conventional levels.  Therefore, it can be concluded that the observed positive association between education and "not-working" is a short term effect for individuals with less than degree education, but may persist for individuals with degree education. With reference to informal sector employment, the results are mixed. They depict a heterogeneous sector which is hierarchical, whereby more educated individuals are observed in informal salaried work and less educated individuals are observed working in household enterprises.  Further, there is a positive association between education and employment status which is strongest in the formal sector. All results vary by age group, gender and residence. Keywords: Uganda, Employment, Formal, Informal and Education. JEL Classification: J00, J01, J24


The article considers the problems of numerical computational stability analysis for an infinitely long cylindrical shell interacting with the soil environment. Several spatial computational models of "the shell – the soil" system have been compiled to determine the buckling load and the buckling mode. The interaction of the shell and the soil environment is provided by contact pairs located on the respective surfaces. Contact pairs with a rigid connection between bodies and contact pairs with the detachment possibility of interacting bodies are used. Contact pairs with and without the friction coefficient are also used. The problem is solved in linear and nonlinear statement. The materials of the shell and the soil environment are given by elastic-plastic models of Mohr-Coulomb and Drucker-Prager. The buckling loads are defined relative to the effective gravity load. The buckling loads and the buckling modes of the cylindrical shell are obtained as a result of numerical computational stability analysis. The comparative analysis of the received buckling loads is presented and the corresponding conclusions are given.


A common debilitating condition in older adults which impact their level of independence involve conditions interfering with the ability to walk freely. Podiatric conditions develop over decades of wearing ill-fitted shoes, heels or as a result of chronic systemic conditions which impact the feet. This article will discuss the most common podiatric conditions frequently observed in older adults and steps that home health care providers should take to eliminate the threat of impaired mobility


A browser-based wireless terminal for multimodal functions, a browser-based multimodal server and system for the wireless terminal, and an operation method are provided to realize the multimodal functions by individually driving voice recording plug-in, voice recognition plug-in, and voice output plug-in functions, so that a voice recognition inputting action can be conducted for a search word on a wireless Internet. A multimodal platform(203) conducts data conversion for voice and keyboard information after recognizing a multimodal plug-in request, generates information recognition results based on the data conversion, and processes visual data of contents corresponding to the information recognition results into voice and keyboard information to transmit the processed information to a wireless terminal(201). A contents server(205) extracts the contents for the information recognition results to provide the extracted contents to the multimodal platform(203).


This paper presents the implementation of a self-test for a gyroscope readout based on electro-mechanical <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\Delta \Sigma$ </tex-math></inline-formula> modulation. Commonly, sensor element and readout ASIC are fabricated on separate wafers. Therefore, the ability to separately characterize the sensor element and the ASIC before packaging is desirable in order to reduce unnecessary expense. For the proposed self-test, a charge integrator with collocated detection and feedback is configured to generate an additional feedback path, which is used to operate a purely electrical <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\Delta \Sigma$ </tex-math></inline-formula> modulator on wafer level. The self-test is performed in two steps. First, an automatic compensation controller configures the collocated force-feedback and thereby verifies its functionality. In a second step, an offset is added to the settled value of the controller to generate a negative feedback path to the input of the readout interface. The resulting purely electrical <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\Delta \Sigma$ </tex-math></inline-formula> modulator is utilized to validate the functionality of every single circuit component of the later operated electro-mechanical <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\Delta \Sigma$ </tex-math></inline-formula> modulator. The proposed self-test makes use of the already available hardware and therefore avoids an additional hardware overhead. Numerical simulations are performed to verify the proposed compensation controller concept as well as the self-test itself. The simulation results of the self-test are confirmed by measurements.


The settlement area RW XI Pucangsawit have many problems low level sanitation and slum settlement. The purpose of this study is to determine of risk sanitation, level of dinginess and give to supervisor of handling of Settlement area. The research was a descriptive quantitative survey, based on the baseline criteria of the Minister of Public Works and Public Housing No. 2/2016 on the Increase in Quality of Dingy Housing and Dingy Settlement and result of handling of Settlement area on RW XI Pucangsawit, Jebres, Surakarta. The result of the research showed that of the based condition RW XI (2012) can mapping category in level of risk sanitation : high risk sanitation areas in RT 1, RT 2, RT 4 and RT 5 and medium risk sanitation area in RT 3 . RW XI Pucangsawit can classified slum levels areas: medium slum areas in RT 1, RT 3, RT 4,and RT 5 and heavy slum area in RT 2 . The construction of handling of Settlement area on RW XI Pucangsawit with USRI 2013, USRI 2014, PLPBK and Kemitraan (2015), RTLH DAK-2106, RTLH DAK-2017 programs. The final result of handling santitation have risk sanitation RT 1, RT 4, and RT 5 of mild risk sanitation areas and RT 3 of not risk sanitation area. The untidiness level RW XI areas included not slum areas. Therefore, "RW XI Pucangsawit" needs to be transformed in order to enhance quality of the area with Kampung Susun and underpass for open accecibility


We investigate the convergence of an implicit Voronoi finite volume method for reaction–diffusion problems including nonlinear diffusion in two space dimensions. The model allows to handle heterogeneous materials and uses the chemical activities of the involved species as primary variables. The numerical scheme works with boundary conforming Delaunay meshes and preserves positivity and the dissipative property of the continuous system. Starting from a result on the global stability of the scheme (uniform, mesh‐independent global upper, and lower bounds), we prove strong convergence of the chemical activities and their gradients to a weak solution of the continuous problem. To illustrate the preservation of qualitative properties by the numerical scheme, we present a long‐term simulation of the Michaelis–Menten–Henri system. Especially, we investigate the decay properties of the relative free energy over several magnitudes of time, and obtain experimental orders of convergence for this quantity. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Numer Methods Partial Differential Eq 32: 141–174, 2016


NASA, the Air Force Research Laboratory and The Boeing Company have worked to develop new low-cost, light-weight composite structures for aircraft. A Pultruded Rod Stitched Efficient Unitized Structure (PRSEUS) concept has been developed which offers advantages over traditional metallic structure. In this concept a stitched carbon-epoxy material system has been developed with the potential for reducing the weight and cost of transport aircraft structure by eliminating fasteners, thereby reducing part count and labor. By adding unidirectional carbon rods to the top of stiffeners, the panel becomes more structurally efficient. This combination produces a more damage tolerant design. This document describes the results of experimentation on PRSEUS specimens loaded in unidirectional compression in fatigue and to failure.


How to overcome local protectionism in judgement is presented, raising courts' level of civil jurisdiction in a strange lands overcoming local protectionism in enforcement by conferring obligees' options and ways to courts for enforcement.


In order to enhance the stability of the system and reduce the board area,an asynchronous serial IP core design is proposed based on FPGA.VHDL hardware description language has been used for sending and receiving module design.The design has been simulated in the Xilinx ISE environment.Finally,the UART IP core is embedded in FPGA to realize the asynchronous serial communication function.This IP core is modularity,compatibility and configurable.According to the need of function,the system design can realize upgrade,expansion and cuts.


Crohn's or poisoning? SIR,-Recent work by Bjarnason et al' on blood and protein loss through small intestinal inflammation induced by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) would appear to have potential medicolegal implications on the result of a celebrated murder trial which took place in 1859. A certain Dr Smethurst was found by jury trial to have murdered his wife by administration of an unknown poison. The Home Secretary, however, taking the advice of Sir Benjamin Brodie, Surgeon to St George's Hospital, granted Dr Smethurst a free pardon since there was not 'absolute and complete evidence of his guilt'.2 The necropsy findings have suggested subsequently that his wife had Crohn's disease.' In the small intestine 'nothing remarkable was observed until the lower end of the ileum was reached, when at about three feet from its termination in the caecum, the mucous membrane commenced to exhibit an inflammatory response'. In the caecum 'inflammation of the most acute and violent character was observed . . . the bare muscular coat was seen beneath. The muscular coat itself in the caecum was likewise infiltrated with this exudation . . . and there is no doubt that through this part of the intestine some transudation had occurred which had set up the peritonitis. No actual perforation was discoverable.'4 These findings could also be explained by severe NSAID induced ileitis. Salicylic acids are present in large concentrations in oil of wintergreen and administration of such medication, which was in common use at the time, may have resulted in the first reported case of non-steroidal drug induced intestinal inflammation in man."


Abstract: Large-scale studies combining hundreds of cancer cell lines and many cancer drugs, with their promises and challenges, represent a new development in the in vitro screening of cancer drugs. However, drugs sensitivity results of the same cancer cell lines exposed to the same cancer drugs generated different IC50s by these studies as noticed by Haibe-Kains B et al (1). These inconsistencies are due to many factors: the experimental conditions and the use of the Four Parameter Logistic (4PL) regression model to analyze drugs sensitivity results. A new model based on the Levasseur LM et al model, the Gompertzian growth model of in vitro monolayer culture, and the IC-50 time course evolution is more appropriate to improve the accuracy of these large scale studies.


We modify the definition of the norm in the class of Banach spaces constructed by Hagler and this author, as pre- sented in"Examples of hereditarily l1 Banach spaces failing the Schur property"by mimicking the lp norm rather than l1norm and obtain a new class of separable Banach spaces. We prove that if 1 < p < 1, any member of this class (i) is hereditarily comple- mentably, lp (ii) is a dual space, and (iii) the predual contains complemented subspace isomorphic to lq where 1 + 1 = 1. Other properties of these spaces are investigated.


In the modern world in conditions of a polyethnic region is actual control over media security of materials in national, regional press and the press of diaspora. The article is devoted to the analysis of ethnic issues in the materials of the Astrakhan regional publications on the subject of the light of national relations and national conflicts. Considered by the press of national diasporas as an important instrument of ethnic security.


We analyze the relationship between the stance of Eurozone monetary policy and the implicit risk aversion in the European Stock market prices. We use a structural vector autoregression (SVAR) model as Bekaert et al. (2013) do for the U.S. market. We adapt this model for the European Stock market enlarging it to incorporate the effect of the monetary policy of the U.S. Federal Reserve. Our results show that a lax monetary policy decreases risk aversion, bearing out the evidence found in the U.S. market. We also show that Eurozone analysis could lead to erroneous conclusions when we disregard U.S. monetary policy effect.


In this work we review our results on the interplay between stochasticity and intercell coupling in a population of synthetic genetic oscillators with relaxator dynamics. We have shown that control of the coupling strength and noise can effectively change the dynamics of the system, leading to the large variety of different dynamical regimes such as clustering, synchronous and asynchronous oscillations, and noise-induced suppression. Moreover, under certain conditions an optimal amount of noise can lead to increased order in the system, demostrating the effect of coherence resonance. In contrast to the previous studies which are mainly focused on synchronized behavior of communicating genetic units, we discuss the question: which mechanisms can be responsible for multirhythmicity in globally coupled genetic units? We have shown that an autoinducer intercell communication system that provides coupling between synthetic genetic oscillators will inherently lead to multirhythmicity and the appearance of several coexisting dynamical regimes. Furthermore, we propose a new mechanism for quantized production time in a network of coupled relaxators, based on the interplay of cell-cell communication and stochasticity. Noteworthy, inhomogeneity can be used to enhance such quantizing effects, while the degree of variability obtained can be controlled using the noise intensity or adequate system parameters.


Copolymers of glycolide and trimethylene carbonate having the same nominal composition but varying in copolymer architecture have been studied by static quadrupole SIMS, time-of-flight SIMS and by ESCA. The surface composition of melt-pressed films were found to vary markedly with the polymer architecture. Time-of-flight SIMS spectra clearly showed spectral differences which can be related to the glycolic acid block length.


The Ku Klux Klan was hostile to the Jews, Roman Catholics, socialists, communists and anybody they identified as foreigner. It maintained the protection of womanhood, and the white supremacy and provided community. Therefore the cause of the Ku Klux Klan is nativism. The term refers to irrationality, racism, and backwardness endemic to the poorer and less educated classes, and tending to break out prejudice. But the activities of the Ku Klux Klan are moral reforms. The Klansmen showed an interest in combating what they saw as the cause of immoralities. In fact, the Ku Klux Klan reform at the local and state level was centered on personal conduct rather than on institutional change. The Ku Klux Klan represented a response to the war, a zeal to cleanse and reform American society. By the mid-1920s four million Klansmen were enlisted. The Klan's growth was the result of high-pressure salesmanship, the attraction of mystical fraternalism, and the traditional appeals of nativism. In part, declining agricultural prices, rapid technological and social changes, high rates of immigration, postwar nationalism, rapid urbanization and migration of large numbers of southern blacks to the north heightened the appeal to the Klan. But by late in the decade, the Klan declined so quickly for many reasons. These were the internal dissension, the financial affairs, the revelations of scandal, the lack of constancy, the confused policies of the leadership, the drastic curbing of immigration. The Great Depression, subsidence of the war-induced hysteria, terrorism, and the undemocratic nature of the Klan were also the causes of the Klan's demise. Large numbers of people, feeling a sense of defeat in an increasingly urban south or their northern counterparts, conscious of their growing inferiority turned to the Klan. Along with poor farmers, blue-collar workers, mechanics, and day laborers, some bankers, lawyers, doctors, ministers, and prosperous businessmen were recruited. But the Klan appealed much to the plain people. The Ku Klux Klan was a mass movement that expressed a longing for "law and order," a desire to displace general unrest and dissatisfaction with both local and national conditions.


For the issues of quality of service (QoS) in the cloud computing raised by users, this paper proposes a strategy for QoS classification and builds tasks' priority function modeling and through priority scheduling tasks, assigning tasks to the reasonable resources, and finally to complete the task efficiently, improve the utilization of resources.


Companies are today obliged to certain responsibilities toward society and unprivileged class of people. However over last four decades the concept of corporate social responsibility has developed because of increase in personal liability on companies. In 21st century companies have to show that there main concern is not only profit making but to give in return to society and in sense they are obliged to work towards the betterment of society and environment on a voluntary basis.


A basic assumption of the classic reinsurance model is that the distribution of the loss is precisely known. In practice, only partial information is available for the loss distribution due to the lack of data and estimation error. We study a distributionally robust reinsurance problem by minimizing the maximum Value-at-Risk (or the worst-case VaR) of the total retained loss of the insurer for all loss distributions with known mean and variance. Our model handles typical stop-loss reinsurance contracts. We show that a three-point distribution achieves the worst-case VaR of the total retained loss of the insurer, from which the closed-form solutions of the worst-case distribution and optimal deductible are obtained. Moreover, we show that the worst-case Conditional Value-at-Risk of the total retained loss of the insurer is equal to the worst-case VaR, and thus the optimal deductible is the same in both cases.


Accurate estimation of customer lifetime value (LTV), which reflects the potential consumption of a user over a period of time, is crucial for the revenue management of online advertising platforms. However, predicting LTV in real-world applications is not an easy task since the user consumption data is usually insufficient within a specific domain. To tackle this problem, we propose a novel cross-domain adaptative framework (CDAF) to leverage consumption data from different domains. The proposed method is able to simultaneously mitigate the data scarce problem and the distribution gap problem caused by data from different domains. To be specific, our method firstly learns a LTV prediction model from a different but related platform with sufficient data provision. Subsequently, we exploit domain-invariant information to mitigate data scarce problem by minimizing the Wasserstein discrepancy between the encoded user representations of two domains. In addition, we design a dual-predictor schema which not only enhances domain-invariant information in the semantic space but also preserves domain-specific information for accurate target prediction. The proposed framework is evaluated on five datasets collected from real historical data on the advertising platform of Tencent Games. Experimental results verify that the proposed framework is able to significantly improve the LTV prediction performance on this platform. For instance, our method can boost DCNv2 with the improvement of 13.7% in terms of AUC on dataset G2. Code: https://github.com/TL-UESTC/CDAF.


Many college science textbooks treat science as a series of conclusions, rather than as outcomes of inquiry. Teachers present this "rhetoric of conclusions"1 primarily through lectures. Although this method has the advantage of disseminating information efficiently, it also has dis advantages. A rhetoric of conclusions does not consider the context of scientific inquiry, that is, the interrelated conditions in which scientific research occurs. Moreover, it conveys two false impressions ? that science con sists of fixed truths, and that it is complete.2 Instruction that relies exces sively on lectures prevents students from learning the skills of effective criticism and discussion which are important in the work of scientists, as witnessed in meetings and conferences. There are alternatives. In order to give consideration to the context of inquiry in science, one can teach selected areas of science within the context of their development. In order to teach students the skills of criticism and discussion, one can use discussion as a mode of in struction. Discussion allows students to work through the key research in a field, thus enabling them to understand concepts as working tools rather than mere abstractions. Further, "discussion itself can be an engagement in and practice of the activities of thought and communication involved in .. .intellectual arts and skills."3 Discussion in this sense does not mean a mere exchange of questions and answers or the voicing of uninformed opinion. Rather, it means a closely reasoned consideration of several clearly related topics by students and teacher. Discussion requires materials that allow scope for analysis, interpretation, contrast, disagreement and consensus. There is little discussion possible about the bare conclusions of inquiry, except problems of application. There fore, the possibility of using discussion profitably in science teaching depends upon the prior development of materials which teach science within the context of its development. The development of materials for use in discussion is a complex task. One way of going about this task is for the teacher to decide which subjects from science and which topics from the context of the development of science are to be studied. Among the materials which


The present invention relates to pesticidal compositions containing piperazine and piperidine insect fenpropathrin said pesticidal composition is highly effective for combating animal pests. Containing the active ingredient piperazine and piperidine insect fenpropathrin, wherein piperazine and piperidine insect fenpropathrin weight ratio of 1: 25-25: 1. The piperazine and piperidine insect fenpropathrin accounted for a total weight percentage of the composition is from 1% to 80%. The present invention will piperazine and piperidine insect fenpropathrin bivariate complex, making insecticide composition on a synergistic insecticidal effect obtained gain effects, especially for spittle bugs, leafhoppers, cicadas angle, planthoppers , planthoppers, psyllids, whiteflies, aphids, cotton bollworm, thrips, bugs Xiang, spider mite control effect prominent.


We present a joint experimental and theoretical study of the electronic structure of the cuprate chain systems A_(1-x)CuO_2 (A=Ca,Sr,Ba), as measured using O-K and Cu-L_3 x-ray absorption spectroscopy. The doping-dependent behaviour in these systems is radically different to that in conventional 2D cuprate networks formed from corner sharing CuO_4 plaquettes, and follows from the strongly suppressed inter-plaquette hybridisation resulting from the 90 degree Cu-O-Cu interaction pathway in the chain systems. Spectroscopically, this results in (a) a classical mixed-valent scenario whereby the different final states in the Cu-L_3 spectra can be used directly to 'read-off' the Cu valency and (b) a drastic reduction in the dynamic spectral weight transfer from the upper Hubbard band to the low energy scale in the O-K spectra. The final picture emerges of localisation of the doped holes, with the chain then comprised of a mixture of pure Cu(II)O_4 and Cu(III)O_4 plaquettes.


On the analysis of the T/P satellite remote sensing data and the buoy data in 1996-1997 and 1999-2001,we conclude the distribution of wind wave and swell of the world's oceans,which is based on the definition of quasi wave age and wave age.What's more,in this paper,we also acquire its seasonal variation and inter-annual variability,which is compared with the buoy data analysis.The results show that the world's major wind wave zone and swell pools has obvious seasonal change,thus provides a good reference for the analysis of wave field.


Abstract The rapid growth in research and development of agent-based software systems has led to concerns about howhuman users will control the activities of teams of agentsthat must actively collaborate. We believe that practicalmulti-agent systems will often be comprised of smallteams of heterogeneous agents, under direct supervisionby users acting as "team leaders". We are developing anenvironment for investigating mixed-initiative techniquesfor controlling small to medium-sized groups of agents ascoordinated teams. This environment will be used toexplore mixed-initiative approaches to planning for theactivities of agent teams, and managing them duringexecution. Introduction Agent-based systems development has been dominatedthus far by approaches where single agents interactdirectly with users. As we seek to make effective use ofheterogeneous collections of agents in tasks requiringsome degree of inter-agent coordination, we must gobeyond this to develop strategies and mechanisms forcoordinated tasking and management of agents in teamswhere the user plays a somewhat less direct role duringexecution, but retains authority for team tasking andcoordination. We are now in the process of developing asimulation-based environment to explore mixed-initiativeplanning techniques (Burstein and McDermott, 1996) as ameans of managing agent teams. This environment willbe used to explore such issues as how to develop multi-agent task plans, how to task agents to interact with otheragents, how to monitor team progress, and how to redirectagents to work with different partners when an agent fails.We expect that a range of "agent" and "less than agent"software components will be involved in these teams,since important functional compononts exist in legacysystems that will simply be "wrapped" so that they cancommunicate with other agents (Hewitt and Inman, 1991).


Dynamics of soil microbial diversity after continuous tobacco cropping was analyzed using T-RFLP technique.Results showed that 38 microbial species were significantly decreased after continuous cropping compared to control,i.e.12 of them were related to carbon cycling,9 related to nitrogen cycling,4 were useful for improving soil quality,5 can inhibit the growth of pathogen,and 8 were pathogen.On the contrary,35 microbial species were significantly increased after continuous cropping and pathogen accounted for 65.17% of total microbial flora.It is suggested that the number of microbial species involved in nitrogen cycling decreased while pathogen increased after continuous cropping and may be obstacles to successive tobacco cropping.


The electro-optic coefficient (Pockels coefficient) is largest around the absorption resonance of a material. Here, we show that the overall losses, the power consumption and the footprint of plasmonic electro-optic modulators can be reduced when a device is operated in the vicinity of absorption resonances of an electro-optical material. This near-resonant operation in plasmonics is contrary to what is known from photonics where off-resonant operation is required to minimize the overall losses. The findings are supported by experiments demonstrating a reduction in voltage-length product by a factor of 3 and a reduction in loss by a factor 2 when operating a plasmonic modulator near resonance compared to off-resonant.


A sliding material, comprising a resin porous body soaked with a lubricating oil and having communication holes at a ratio of 30% or more. The resin porous body having the communication holes is obtained by molding a resin mixed with a pore forming material into a molded body and extracting the pore forming material from the molded body by using a refrigerant in which the pore melting material ismolten and the resin is not molten. A sliding bearing comprises a sliding material formed of the sliding material having a sliding surface sliding on a mating material to support the sliding material, and a lubrication oil supply layer formed of a metal sintered body for supplying the lubricating oil.