The development of accounting information technology has actually been going on for a long time. This is because the use of technology in accounting can save time and costs and the use of technology in accounting is considered very efficient. In order to provide accounting information, an information system known as the Accounting Information System (SIA) was created. A good accounting information system requires a good system design too. At  Cooperative, data processing is still done manually using Microsoft Excel, which makes this cooperative vulnerable to recording errors. Apart from errors in recording, delays in delivering information can also occur due to ineffective recording. Therefore, this cooperative needs to use a cooperative accounting information system. Which this system will later be able to assist the cooperative in carrying out the existing transaction process in the cooperative effectively and efficiently and well computerized. Based on this, this study aims to determine the financial reporting accounting information system that has been implemented by the Cooperative and to design an application-based savings and loan cooperative financial reporting accounting information system in accordance with the needs of Cooperative. This study used qualitative and experimental methods, while the application design method used was a waterfall. The system development method used in this research is Netbeans IDE with Java programming language and Mysql as database storage and iReport to design financial statements.The results obtained from the analysis and design carried out is an accounting information system design that is able to support the operational needs of Cooperative. The superiority of the resulting system is that there is a treasurer who specifically manages the finances of the Cooperative so that the process of recording financial reporting runs effectively and efficiently which has been designed according to the needs of Cooperative


The present invention discloses a method for updating Java extension library card, comprising: A, obtaining a reference relationship with the extension library be updated application and / or examples, and / or the second extensions; and the extensions to be updated in first mapping relationship in all methods and its storage address; B, updating the extensions, establishing a second mapping relation between all methods extensions updated and stored in the memory address according to the updated state of extensions ; C, according to the mapping relationship and the second reference relationship, updating the application, and / or examples, and / or the storage address information for the extended library extended library corresponding method. This method can be applied without deleting the instance and updating Java extended library card. In addition, the present invention also discloses a Java extension library card Java Card and updating means.


With the development of the reforms of the state-owned forest farms,the driving and resistant forces occurring in pushing forward the reforms are need to be figured out in order to perfect the construction of the dynamical mechanism and the game theory is necessary to be employed to analyze the interest relationship between the major stakeholders in the reforms,thus putting forward some suggestions to the reforms by means of the optimal explanation of Nash Equilibrium.


This paper studies the relationship between brain-gut axis and brain-gut interaction,orexin,brain-gut interaction and irritable bowel syndrome(IBS),and the moxibustion effects on gastrointestinal motility and pain relief.It is held that orexin and brain-gut interaction plays an important role in IBS,and brain-gut axis is an essential approach to moxibustion against IBS.


The author would like to acknowledge the valuable assistance of Sr. Kathleen Krekeler, RN, PhD. In order to effectively evaluate teaching, the diabetes educator must measure many different patient outcomes. For example, the patient's knowledge of the etiology of diabetes, the patient's ability to administer self-medication correctly, the patient's ability to use the diet exchange system, and psychological factors associated with the patient's adherence to the medical regimen may all be relevant outcomes. These, in turn, require different instrumentation techniques. For some outcomes, measurement may take the form of direct observation of the patient's behavior (e.g., the patient's technique in injecting a saline solution into an orange) or of physiological measures of the patient's status (e.g., the patient's blood glucose level). For other outcomes, a self-report of the patient's behavior may be relevant (e.g., specific departures from the diet). In addition, reports by others and the records of agencies, hospitals, physicians, and nurses may serve as additional sources of information on outcome


Background and Aims Current diagnostic criteria for TIA/minor stroke disqualify several atypical clinical presentations, but pre-date DWI-MRI use. We investigated the proportion of DWI-positive patients with atypical presentations, identifying clinical factors predicting DWI positivity. Methods We retrospectively reviewed consecutive patients with suspected TIA/minor stroke (NIHSS<5) undergoing MRI at our comprehensive stroke centre from March 2020-February 2021. We identified pre- dictors of DWI positivity using logistic regression. Results Of 1615 patients, 442 DWI-positive, 39% had atypical presentations including 20% with progres- sive symptom onset. Atypical symptoms common in DWI-positive patients included headache(17%), unsteadiness(15%), positive sensory symptoms(11%), presyncope(10%), confusion(9%) and vertigo(8%). Symptoms independently associated with DWI-positivity included weakness(OR 1.30, 95% CI 1.01-1.67), dysarthria(OR 2.06, CI 1.56-2.70), and ataxia (OR 3.75, CI 2.27-6.20). Fluctuating symptoms(22%) predicted DWI positivity(OR 1.37, CI 1.00-1.81), but sudden onset(80%) did not (OR 1.05, CI 0.80-1.38). Risk factors associated with DWI positivity included increasing age(OR 1.01/year, CI 1.01-1.02), hypertension (OR 1.70, CI 1.30-2.22), diabetes(OR 1.44, CI 1.07-1.93), and smoking(OR 1.68, CI 1.19-2.39). DWI-positive patients had significantly more risk factors (mean 2.65 vs 1.95 p=<0.001). Conclusions Over one-third with DWI-confirmed TIA/minor stroke present atypically. The value of atypical symptoms in excluding ischaemia, particularly in patients with vascular risk factors, appears limited.


Appropriate programming in a gorge of plant or the key and strategic machine has much effect to increasing efficiency. Due to increasing global market competitiveness the regarded targets have become complex. Thus one criterion is not enough and scheduling with multiple criteria is more realistic. The main difficulty of these scheduling problems is extensive solving time needed to it. This paper proposed a new fuzzy scheduling model for single machine scheduling problem and aims to improve it to a real-world application through fuzzy set theory. For this purpose, due dates of jobs are defined as fuzzy numbers.


Recently we developed a nonlinear viscoelastic constitutive model which called the Phases Model (PHM) [10]. The main advantages of the PHM over existing nonlinear viscoelastic models are that it lends itself to simple, straightforward calibration of the material functions, and that it is naturally suitable to step-by-step computer simulation. In this paper we apply the PHM to two dimensional (2-D) situations. To this end, we've developed a 2-D finite difference code in cylindrical geometry which is based on the PHM. We demonstrate the validity of our modeling by applying the code to a 2-D set-up developed for this purpose. The 2-D specimen is in the form of a disc of the test material compressed between two rigid metal anvils by a velocity-controlled Instron machine. We monitor the response of the viscoelastic disc in terms of the overall axial force history, and the axial stress component at the disc center. We get good agreement between theory and experiment.


The computer implementation of power electronic devices in electromagnetic transient programs has taken much of the development effort in recent years, aiming at preserving the elegance and efficiency of the EMTP algorithm. The main feature that characterises power electronic devices is the use of frequent periodic switching of the power components under their control. The incorporation of power electronics in EMT simulation is discussed in this chapter with reference to the EMTDC version but appropriate references are made, as required, to other EMTP-based algorithms. This is partly due to the fact that the EMTDC program was specifically developed for the simulation of HVDC transmission and partly to the authors' involvement in the development of some of its recent components. A concise description of the PSCAD/EMTDC program structure is given in Appendix A. This chapter also describes the state variable implementation of a.c.-d.c. converters and systems, which offers some advantages over the EMTP solution, as well as a hybrid algorithm involving both the state variable and EMTP methods.


Hetero-structured interfaces of oxides, which can exhibit reactivity characteristics remarkably different from bulk oxides, are interesting systems to explore in search of highly active fuel cell catalysts for oxygen electrocatalysis. (001)-oriented La0.6Sr0.4CoO3-δ (LSC60-40113) thin films having thicknesses from tens to hundreds of nanometers were grown epitaxially on (001)-oriented yttriastabilized zirconia (YSZ). Atomic force microscopy showed that all the film surfaces were of high quality with average surface roughness approximately one nanometer. The surface oxygen exchange kinetics of these films were determined by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. While (001)-oriented LSC60-40113 thin films were found to have similar surface oxygen exchange coefficients to LSC60-40113 bulk, surface coverage of (001)-oriented (La0.5Sr0.5)2CoO4±δ (LSC214) on the LSC60-40113 thin films led to significant enhancement in the surface oxygen kinetics up to ∼3 orders of magnitude. Interestingly, LSC214-decorated LSC6040113 films have comparable surface exchange kinetics (∼1 ·10 −5 cm ·s −1 at 550 ◦ C) to similarly prepared LSC214-decorated La0.8Sr0.2CoO3-δ films. Such high surface oxygen kinetics are among the most active SOFC cathode materials reported to date.


Objectives: Assessment of a single nucleotide polymorphism of the XRCC1 (codon Arg399Gln) gene and its association with levels of benzo[a]pyrene in blood of car repairers and control group.
Methods: The current study included (111) participants, (37) of the iraqi car repairers, (37) sellers of spare part, and (37) healthy (controll), with the same age range. benzo[a]pyrene was determined by using HPLC technique. Alleles frequency of singl nucleotide polymorphisms of XRCC1 gene was determined by Restriction fragment length polymorphisms (PCR-RFLP).
Results: The results of current study indicated that there is a highly significant increase of B[a]P level (p= 0.0001) in the repairers group compared to the groups of spare part sellers and control together. The genotype frequencies studies of XRCC1 gene of car repairers group and controls. The effect of rs25487 genotypes on exposure to PAHs include higher levels of PAHs and PAH-DNA adduct in TT genotype followed by CT genotype and CC showed lower levels.
Conclusions: As results of prolonged exposure to the higher levels of PAHs that Iraqi car repaiers suffer from, they have highe levels B[a]P. especially those who have the TT genotypes, as results of the inefficiency of thier DNA repair system. Compared to the other genotypes.


The authors describe the surgical cure of a case of Pentalogy of Cantrell, a rare anomaly characterized by congenital lesions involving the abdominal wall, the inferior third of the sternum, the ventral diaphragm, the pericardium and the heart.


Experimental measurements of electron impact excitation and ionization cross sections of ions are discussed. The cross sections of interest are those of importance in the diagnostics of CTR plasmas. Measurements of the electron impact double ionization cross sections for Rb/sup +/ ions over the range of electron energies from below threshold to approximately 1000 eV are described. The cross sections were measured with a crossed beam facility. The peak value of the cross section was found to be 6.58 x 10/sup -18/ cm/sup 2/ at 150 eV. The electron impact excitation cross sections for the 2/sup 3/S--2/sup 3/P transition in the He-like Li/sup +/ ion are being measured with a crossed beam apparatus. These measurements facilitate the optimization of the experimental apparatus while allowing a parallel development of a suitable source of multiply charged ions. Initial Li/sup +/ measurements indicate a cross section of less than 3 x 10/sup -18/ cm/sup 2/. A PIG-type source of multiply charged ions is currently undergoing final development. Preliminary data using CO/sub 2/ as the source gas indicate that ions through C/sup 4 +/ are being produced. Upon completion of development and testing, the PIG source is to be attached to the improved crossedmore » beam apparatus for the measurement of electron impact excitation cross sections and possibly ionization cross sections of multiply charged ions.« less


Nitrogen fertilizers as urea and ammonium-nitrate-sulphate were supplied at 2 rates to fruiting papaya trees. Control trees were untreated. Concentrations of petiole N and fruit yield increased with N applications. Petiole N and petiole water affected fruit yield in June. In December tree size and petiole N affected yield. Although N application rate was the dominant variable which affected the concn of petiole N in both June and December, petiole K also affected petiole N in June. The December data were used to determine the petiole N level (1.45% N) which gave max yield. This N level can be used as a basis for applying N fertilizers to fruiting papaya trees in Hawaii.


This study aims to determine the effect of the capital adequacy ratio (CAR) and loan to deposit ratio (LDR) on the profitability of banks that go public on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) for the period 2016 - 2021. The indicators used in this study are: Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR), and Return On Assets (ROA). One of the Profitability Ratios used as an indicator in this study is Return On Assets (ROA). ROA is a financial ratio to measure the ability of bank management in obtaining overall profit (profit). In this study, ROA is used as the dependent variable, while the Capital Adequacy Ratio and Loan to Deposit Ratio are independent variables. The two independent variables will be analyzed either partially or simultaneously to see whether or not there is an effect on ROA. The data used in this study is the ratio of CAR, LDR and ROA of publicly listed banks on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) for the period 2016 – 2021 with the number of banks listed and meeting the characteristics of 28 banks. In data analysis using classical assumption test, multiple linear regression analysis, correlation coefficient, coefficient of determination, F test and T test. The results of the study using the F test together that CAR and LDR have an effect on ROA, while the T test shows that CAR has an effect on ROA and LDR has no effect on ROA.


The invention provides a hot-air-ageing-resistant nitrile-butadiene rubber composition which is composed of nitrile-butadiene rubber, zinc oxide, stearic acid, anti-aging agent RD, anti-aging agent NAUGARD445, Antilux654, fast extruding carbon black N550, thermal cracking carbon black N990, white carbon black, PLASTHALL7050, RS-1000, accelerating agent DTDM, accelerating agent CZ and accelerating agent TMTD. Test and comparison analysis of the nitrile-butadiene rubber composition proves that the performance of the composition completely satisfies standard requirements, the hot air aging resistance of the composition provided by the invention is superior to that of the traditional nitrile-butadiene rubber composition, and favorable performance can be still kept in a hot air environment of 125 DEG C. The product produced from the nitrile-butadiene rubber composition can ensure application thereof in an environment of 125 DEG C on an automobile; and the performance of the nitrile-butadiene rubber product is improved, thus ensuring the service life of the automobile.


The article provides analysis of the interrupted communication as part of the communication in the election discourse. The authors explored the most typical reasons for the interrupted communication in the electoral discourse analyzed communication failures as a kind of ineffective communication. Communication failures are presented as a result of interrupted communication, which may be determined by several reasons. The paper disclosed the key reason of these failures the intention of the speaker the reluctance to continue the conversation for one reason or another. The communication failures in terms of the election discourse were typical largely for the election debate, characterized by the impossibility of predicting future responses, uncomfortable questions that often required non-standard speech decisions on the part of the speaker. The study established the relationship between the ability of a politician to maintain effective communication and the creation of his positive or negative political image. Psychological causes of interrupted speech present a separate group: the emotional state of the speaker, his perception or nonperception of the opponent, the ability to transfer the required opinion in an expressive way.


Complement (C) regulatory proteins decrease the effectiveness of immunotherapeutic anti‐cancer antibodies. Bispecific mAb (bi‐mAb) that target a tumor antigen and simultaneously inhibit a C regulator increase the effectiveness of such a therapy. Here we investigated the mechanism by which bi‐mAb increase tumor cell lysis. Apart from C‐dependent cytotoxicity, C activation can lead to complement receptor 3 (CR3)‐dependent cellular cytotoxicity (CR3‐DCC) by CR3‐positive effector cells in the presence of β‐glucan. Here we show that an anti‐Ep‐CAM*anti‐CD55 bi‐mAb induced more than threefold higher CR3‐DCC (71%) of human colorectal cancer cells compared with anti‐Ep‐CAM alone (20%). This CR3‐DCC was dependent on the binding of the anti‐CD55 arm of tumor‐bound anti‐Ep‐CAM*anti‐CD55 bi‐mAb to effector cell CD55, CR3 priming by β‐glucan and the presence of iC3b on the target cell. Comparable lysis could be obtained in the absence of iC3b, when CR3 and CD55 were cross‐linked on the effector cells, suggesting cooperation between CD55 and CR3 in signal transduction. Tumor cells with low antigen expression were effectively lysed via this mechanism in contrast to direct C‐dependent cytotoxicity. These data imply that the effectiveness of mAb immunotherapy can be improved using anti‐tumor antigen*anti‐CD55 bi‐mAb and β‐glucan, thereby initiating CR3‐DCC as an additional effector mechanism that is efficient for eradication of tumor cells with lower antigen expression.


This novel touches on the most crucial events of the period from the Russian Revolution to the emergence of Israel, as it follows the fortunes of two families, one Welsh and one Jewish, caught up in the events of World War II. Anthony Burgess is the author of over 20 novels, including "Earthly Powers", "Kingdom of the Wicked" and "The Pianoplayers".


Medium energy ion scattering (MEIS) is an experimental technique for the high-resolution depth profiling of thin films. This project aims to perform an analysis of ion-inducted electron emission in ...


Hull-less Barley is a crop for food and feed,and can not be taken place by other crop in the high altitude and cold area in China due to its special droughtresistant and coldpatient.1980's ago,Hull-less barley is a main food crop for Qinghai people,The breeding aim of naked barley studies mainly on high yield,early maturity,lodging-resistant,resistance to various diseases,only were the content of protein and lysine thought about in quaiity request,and the using of Hull-less barley on food、feed and industry were mess.With developing of agricultural scientific technology and improving of people living level,the breeding aim can not satisfy with the request of market.On the breeding high yield,early maturity,lodging-resistant,disease-resistant base,to breed newspecific varieties is becoming a newbreeding aim.


Hyperdispersant is a kind of super-efficient polymer dispersants.Due to the anchoring group and solvatable chain instead of hydrophilic groups and lipophilic groups of the traditional dispersant,it has more efficient dispersion and wide range of applications with uniqueness mechanism and diversity of species.In this paper,the hyperdispersant application in the solid-liquid suspension system was described in detail,and future research directions were predicted.


Written on the occasion of the centenary of Louis Bachelier's 1900 PhD thesis "Theorie de la speculation", this paper puts Bachelier into a historical perspective. It explains his role as a pioneer in both mathematical finance and probability theory, and it also gives a careful account of Bachelier's difficult personal and scientific career. This includes a discussion of Poincare's report on the PhD thesis (the report itself with an English translation is reproduced in the appendix), and an explanation for the controversy between Bachelier's work and Paul L´evy's reports on it. The paper also contains a curriculum vitae and a list of the publications of Bachelier is made available.


Fair Trade is an international movement which aims to strengthen the livelihoods of producers in the South, and to give the opportunity for conscious customers in the North to buy socially and envi ...


The genetic identity of three populations of Hippocampus trimaculatus was estimated using a molecular marker (Cyt b). About 620 bp of Cyt b gene sequence was compared and analysed. The genetic divergence between the Mullimunai and Tuticorin populations was 0.0016; between Mullimunai and Vizhinjam was 0.0016 and between Tuticorin and Vizhinjam the genetic distance was 0.0032. The nucleotide diversity was 0.00161 ± 0.0023 in all the three populations respectively. AMOVA result showed that the and the F was ST ST 0.000 between the populations. But within populations, was 1.000 and F was also 1.000 indicating no ST ST differences in populations.


Abstract : The U.S. Army is committed to good stewardship of lands within military installations. The Army is also committed to achieving "training to standard" for its forces and therefore is interested in a method of determining optimum levels of training activities such that military preparedness is maximized and ecological impacts and their costs are minimized. A key requirement to the successful implementation of such an optimization is the development of a successional dynamics model that predicts ecological responses to military and non-military stressors. A prototype simulation model has been developed, in part, using Land Condition Trend Analysis (LCTA) data from five Army installations. The model is based on responses of individual species and ecological processes to stressors. The model currently has climatic, edaphic, plant, decomposition, and animal modules. Current stressors include drought, nitrogen, fire, herbivory, and tactical maneuvers. The core model is adapted to forest, grassland, shrubland, and desert ecosystems. Site-specific data can be added to calibrate the model to a specific ecosystem within an installation. The model has been calibrated with LCTA data and applied to multiple plant communities at five installations: Fort Bliss, TX; Fort Carson, CO; Fort Hood, TX; Fort Riley, KS; and Yakima Training Center, WA.


In the present study, recent socio-economic aspects in solid waste management (SWM) are discussed. This manuscript considers economic viability and public support as the key factors for the implementation of SWM schemes, along with technological advancement and ecological impact. This holistic approach links society, economy and the environment, towards a sustainable development. The significance of economic issues to accelerate the implementation of innovative environmental technologies is broadly recognized, and economic drivers are considered critical parameters for policy-makers to develop effective strategies. Also, the study of social perceptions and attitudes can provide an insight into several factors that affect the shaping of public awareness on environmental actions. Much work has been reported that points out the role of relevant social and economic research for detailed plans to enhance public acceptance of emerging technologies balanced with cost-effectiveness. SWM appears to be a complicated procedure involving multiple environmental and socio-economic criteria. The influence of socio-economic status on both the quantity and composition of municipal solid waste in designing an effective SWM plan has long been recognized, and the importance of reliable information has been highlighted. Various socio-economic factors influence the recycling behavior and the willingness to pay for the introduction of recycling actions into SWM services. Decision-making in specifying realistic policy objectives and operational measures and alternatives to find appropriate solutions to SWM problems is crucial. The transition from a traditional SWM scheme to a more integrated approach often requires the encouragement of the participation of multiple stakeholders in the society: government, municipalities, industries, experts, and certainly the public. Conclusively, social acceptance and awareness should be considered along with economic issues and the evaluation of environmental impacts, to ensure the efficient implementation of sustainable SWM actions.


. The constants bounding the solution of Poisson's equation in terms of the given boundary data are derived. Knowl edge of these constants then permits the interpolation remainder theory of Barnhill and Gregory to be used to find computable finite element error bounds.


Introduction Australia by Ronald F. Moore Botswana by James D. Tarver and H. Max Miller Canada by Monica Boyd and Chris Talyor Federal Republic of Germany by Hilde Wander French West Indies by Herve Domenach and Michael Picouet India by Pravin Visaria and Leela Visaria Ireland by Patrick M. O'Sullivan and Morton D. Winsberg Israel by Calvin Goldscheider Italy by Antonio Golini and Anna Maria Birindelli Jordan by John M. Wardwell Kenya by Shanyisa Anota Khasiani Mexico by Manuel Garcia y Griego, John R. Weeks, and Roberto Ham Chande The Netherlands by Henk J. Heeren Nigeria by Ita I. Ekanem Pakistan by Nasra M. Shah and Fred Arnold The Philippines by Francis C. Madigan and Imelda G. Pagtolun-an Turkey by Ayfur Barisik, Ayda Eraydin, and Ayse Gedik The United Kingdom by John Salt and Rueben Ford The United States by Robert W. Gardner and Leon F. Bouvier Index


Objective To explore the possible risk factors and their interactions in the occurence of Congenital heart disease(CHD),and evaluate the relative importance of each risk factor,then provide scientific guidelines for CHD′S prevention and diognosis Methods 1∶2 matched case-control study was designed,in which cases and controls'direct parents were retrospectively interviewed with the same questionnaire Firstly,conducting univariate conditional Logistic regression analysis to filter all the research factors Then using multivariate conditional Logistic stepwise regression to filter once more,interactions were involved,establishing and evaluating the optimal regrssion model Results 72 cases and 144 controls were investigated and information collected,and 66(91 67%)matched groups were used for this research 16 suspicious risk factors entered the analysis of multivariate conditional Logistic stepwise regression after univariate conditional regression analysis(alpha=0 10) The analysis results showed that 7 factors were significantly associated with the risk of CHD,no interaction among them These 7 risk factors were:maternal mental stress during early pregnancy( Z=3 20,P=0 0014 ),gestation frequencies before this child's birth( Z=2 62,P=0 0087 ),maternal infection during the first trimester of pregnancy( Z=2 60,P=0 0094 ),maternal educational level( Z=-2 53,P=0 0114 ),maternal cold during the first 12 weeks of pregnancy( Z=2 40,P=0 0163 ),maternal B extrasound examination during the first trimester of pregnancy( Z=2 29,P=0 0223 ),and neonatal asphyxia or anoxia( Z=1 98,P=0 0477 ),according to the influence on the occurence of CHD from strong to week Conclusions This study showed that maternal mental stress during early pregnancy,gestation frequencies before this child's birth,maternal infection during the first trimester of pregnancy,maternal educational level,maternal cold during the first 12 weeks of pregnancy,maternal B extrasound examination during the first trimester of pregnancy and neonatal asphyxia or anoxia,according to the influence on the occurence of CHD from strong to week,served as independant risk factors of CHD,no interaction found among them


The Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) is a major mode of interannual climate variability, but its response to external climate forcings (i.e. solar forcing, volcanic radiative forcing (VRF) and greenhouse gas (GHG) radiative forcing) remains elusive. To improve our understanding of the variability of the IOD, it is necessary to investigate the IOD's response to external forcings through multi-model simulations. Here a Granger causality test is used to examine the impact of external forcings on the IOD from past 1000 years simulations (850–1850 Common Era) derived from Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5) models. The results show significant causal effects of VRF on the IOD in preindustrial times of the past 1000 years from the MPI-ESM-P, MRI-CGCM3, GISS-E2-R and CCSM4 models and uncertainties in the IOD's responses to volcanic eruptions from other six models. Additionally, the phase responses (i.e. positive or negative) of the IOD to large volcanic eruptions remain unclear even from models showing significant causal impacts of VRF on the IOD. This result shows that the IOD exhibits a more complex response to volcanic forcing than the El Niño-Southern Oscillation. The causal impact of solar forcing on the IOD is more likely to be weak in most models. The IOD's response to GHG variations is not significant across all the models due to minor fluctuations in GHGs occurring during preindustrial times of the past 1000 years. Further analyses based on new, improved and higher resolution models might further our understanding of the IOD's responses to external forcing.


BACKGROUND
Higher Mediterranean diet (MeD) adherence has been linked with lower depressive symptomatology, but research examining this association is limited, especially among Latinos, including mainland U.S. Puerto Ricans. Hence, we examined cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between MeD adherence and self-reported depressive symptomatology in Boston area Puerto Rican adults.

METHODS
The Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) was used to evaluate depressive symptoms. Adherence to MeD was assessed at all three visits. We used multivariable linear regression for baseline cross-sectional analysis, and linear mixed effects modelling over three waves of follow-up for longitudinal analysis. We also assessed whether baseline MeD adherence impacted 5y CES-D trajectory. We conducted sensitivity analyses among participants without diabetes, and among participants with complete MeD and CES-D measures at all visits.

RESULTS
MeD adherence was significantly associated with CES-D score at baseline (β= -2.0, 95% CI -4.0, -0.04 for highest vs. lowest tertile, P trend= 0.04) and across 3 waves (β= -1.9, 95% CI= -3.0, -0.8 for highest vs lowest tertile, P trend 0.0005). Results were similar in analyses restricted to participants without diabetes, as well as among participants with complete CES-D and MeD scores at all visits.

CONCLUSIONS
While CES-D score was consistently lower in those with higher MeD adherence over 5 years of follow up, no relationship between baseline MeD adherence and 5y CES-D trajectory was observed.


A novel design for combustion control of utility boiler using neural cascaded with fuzzy controller is proposed. The main objective of the combustion controller in a thermal power plant is to regulate fuel and air in proper ratio to maintain the desired steam pressure at the turbine inlet, irrespective of the changes in steam demand. The existing control schemes have difficulty to cope up with inherent time delay, nonlinearity due to uncertainty of the combustion process and frequent changes load calorific value of the fuel etc. This paper presents the design of neuro controllers to regulate fuel, cascaded with fuzzy controller to control air for combustion process. An experimental setup is fabricated in the laboratory for fuel and air control and real time simulation studies were carried out using PID, and neural cascaded with fuzzy schemes. The performances of proposed schemes are evaluated by simulation and the results are compared with conventional controllers using real time data obtained from the thermal power plant. The advantages of the proposed scheme over the existing controllers are highlighted.


of Trent defined that marriage was a sacrament and decreed that the presence of a priest was necessary for its validity. Mr. Arnold has given us a useful book on a department of English law that required it. There is room for a work, on somewhat similar lines, on the marriage law of Ireland. The book is attractively produced and printed but there is evidence of hasty proof-rzadin7.l And -another minor complaint-even when due allowance is made for the tendency of legal men to avoid punctuation, the reader wodd welcome a more generous use of it, especially where its absence leaves the precise meaning ambiguous or uncertain.


The paper analyzes the Romanian presidential campaign of 2009, focusing on the online interactivity of the presidential candidates, the trend of online communication to multifunctional dialogue and each politician's digital ammunition. Thus, the first direction of the case study is based on three analytic tools - site mapping, content and speech analysis and comparative interpretation of the results of each analysis, assessing any online presence of the five presidential candidates: Traian Basescu, Mircea Geoana, Crin Antonescu, Remus Cernea and Kelemen Hunor. The common elements of reference and comparative analysis are represented by social networks, blogs and video tools, flows of interactive information, etc. We begin with the home page of the campaign website, the candidate's biography, the debate section, text elements of the web page, images and video clips, links to other organizations and visitors' implication, comparing each candidate's online interaction, according to J. McMillan and P. Ferber's revised pattern. The result of the study will prove that the most online active candidate is not the same with the winner of the Romanian presidential


Nitrogen ions with an energy of 200keV were used for the investigation of the interlayer effects of nitrogen implantation in the TiN/N2-film synthesis on the NAK80 steel. The nitrogen ion plasmas formed a broad ion mixing area at the interface between TiN film and NAK80 substrate. The measured hardness indicates the well mixing of TiN film into the NAK80 substrate, which may have an effect on increasing the adhesion of the deposited film. The chemical components and micro-hardness of the filmed surface were measured. The micro-hardness of Rockwell C-scale (HRC) was increased from 40 to 61 after the films of TiN/N2 were synthesized on the NAK80 substrate, the increased micro-hardness is attributed to the metallurgical phase change and formation of amorphous crystal due to the nitrogen implantation.


Virtual communities can ?theoretically- be described as a solution for meeting ubiquitous information and interaction needs. Such needs occur in healthcare, when for example freshly diagnosed cancer patients develop very strong information and interaction needs. But how can such a platform for cancer patients be designed, implemented and introduced practically? Investigating this lies at the heart of the COSMOS1-Project, parent project of the site www.krebsgemeinschaft.de. In order to understand cancer patients? situation we have conducted several field studies and have identified information and interaction needs. On this basis we have derived requirements for user centric socio technical system design for cancer patients. Since no existing offers in the European/non-English speaking internet have met these prerequisites we have started to develop and implement a virtual community for cancer patients. Hereby two topics are of special interest. First, how to systematically plan a community platform for this target group or in other words how a process model for the development and the introduction should look like and second, what specifications a possible technical infrastructure has to meet. For the future subjects like ubiquitous community access, new possibilities of user identification and location related services are also of special interest since they might allow real anytime-anyplace access to the community platform or new, value-adding services to community members. But nevertheless: Only socially accepted, technically stable and economically feasible solutions can ensure sustainable success of (mobile) virtual healthcare communities.


When the bovine penis is protruded so that its integumentary coverings are stretched, the free end of the penis spirals. Using a transparent artificial vagina, Seidel & Foote (1967) saw this spiral occur frequently during normal ejaculation. Protrusion of the penis into rubber latex models with a spiral arrangement of fibres results in spiral deviation comparable to that produced by the natural integumentary coverings (Ashdown & Coombs, 1967). We have therefore investigated the arrangement of collagen fibres in the integumentary coverings of the bovine penis and attempted to relate our anatomical findings to the results of previous experiments.


T of the most difficult performance characteristics of aircraft to measure are the true landing and take-off speeds. The airplane airspeed indicator is not suited for obtaining these velocities because of the difficulty in calibrating the pitot-static head for position error at angles near the stall, particularly where the angle changes rapidly and also because the presence of the ground generally modifies any free flight calibration. At the present time, many photographic methods involving the use of high speed cameras taking up to 100 photographs per second are used to take pictures of the airplane as it lands on a runway marked off in known distances. The space-time curve is derived knowing the actual camera speed. The velocity of the airplane added to the measured wind velocity gives the landing speed. For accurate work, only electrically driven cameras are satisfactory as spring driven cameras almost always vary too greatly in speed, requiring involved calibration. This method naturally cannot be used with seaplanes. I t is generally unsatisfactory because the piloting technique is very difficult, inasmuch as the pilot must make a minimum speed spot-landing fairly close to the cameras. In some cases, the camera is mounted inside the airplane, taking pictures of the lines through a cabin window as the ship lands. The exact point of contact must be noted by a ground observer. The above are only two of a large number of camera methods of measuring speeds. All involve the use of a fairly large ground crew and none of the camera methods can be more accurate than the measurement of the wind velocity and the atmospheric pressure and temperature, which are used to correct the speeds to sea level air density. The air temperature must be carefully obtained outside the airplane at wing height in a shaded location away from ground radiation and direct sunlight. Computing the results of a camera test is a tedious task and the results are not immediately obtainable. The cost of such testing is very high. In order to obtain greater accuracy, simplicity, and ease of testing, the writer devised a very simple method of measuring velocities near the ground which eliminates all the objections to the camera system. A swiveling pitot-static head is located on the airplane away from slipstream effects and the boundary layer of any part of the ship. The head swivels about the spanwise axis of the airplane, and it may be located on the fuselage nose, above or beneath the wing or any such place regardless of position error due to local flow velocities. The pitot or total pressure lead only is used while the aircraft is in motion. I t is directly connected by a fairly large line (Vs in. inside diameter) to a verysensitive total pressure gage capable of measuring from 1.7 to 5.0 inches of water pressure above static pressure with the desired accuracy. At the instant of landing or taking off (as indicated by a signal light connected to each landing gear shock strut), the total pressure is read on the gage. When the airplane comes to a stop after landing, it is taxied back to the approximate landing or take-off point, headed into the wind and the gage switched over to a line connected with the static openings in the swiveling pitot-static head or opened to cockpit pressure. A second reading is taken on the pressure gage. If the runway has no slope, the second reading may be taken any place on the field. The difference between the pressure on landing and when stopped gives the true impact pressure at landing speed or


Wavelet transforms have become one of the basic tools of signal and image processing, digital communications and other applications. Biorthogonal wavelet transform attains further more importance as it allows the construction of symmetric wavelet, which provides the linear phase filter. As the lossy biorthogonal 9/7 (B9/7) transform uses floating point lifting coefficients, the computational complexity of the overall structure gets increased as the levels are increased. This leads to unwanted increment in additional latency in the overall circuit and also hardware realization leads to increased area and power consumption. Hence in this paper, we propose an alternate structure for arithmetic computations involved in the B9/7 DWT which utilizes the power saving attribute of Logarithmic Number Systems (LNS). This LNS adaptation in arithmetic unit results in overall accuracy enhancement with reduced area and power consumption. We also explored the constituent latency and found that the main memory access for the input feed is one of the main factors that increase the latency in the circuit. Hence, we attain a feasible solution of segregating the main memory from the structure, and inputs are fed from temporary memory blocks to the structure. Hence, symmetric extension of the image to be transformed is handled in a way that does not require additional computation or clock cycles; it is expected to provide a reduction in hardware complexity and increase in computational speed. We evaluated the performance and correctness of the architecture by implementing in Xilinx Virtex 6 field programmable gate arrays.


In her article "Burroughs's Re-Invention of the Byronic Hero" Franca A. Bellarsi discusses George Gordon Byron's (1788-1824) and William S. Burroughs's (1914-1997) texts as masterful examples of irreverence which earned notoriety in their own days. Yet despite the scandalous aura of lawlessness, iconoclastic cynicism, and nomadic elusiveness which surrounds both authors' work, a parallel between them has never been attempted. Bellarsi argues that more than a hundred years after Burroughs's birth, assessing his work implies understanding that his enduring appeal across languages and cultures rests in part on how his writing pushes the transformation of the Byronic myth further in a long chain of adaptations over two centuries. Applying Burroughs's nomadic reading method to his own work shows surprising continuities between him and certain strands within British Romanticism. Franca A. Bellarsi, "Burroughs's Re-invention of the Byronic Hero" page 2 of 9 CLCWeb: Comparative Literature and Culture 18.5 (2016):  Special Issue Global Beat Studies. Ed. Oliver Harris and Polina Mackay


LPG (Liquefied Petroleum Gas) is a petroleum derived, colorless gas, typically comprised of mainly propane, butane, or a combination of these two constituents. LPG fuel for vehicles is actually a mixture of various hydrocarbons which are gases at atmospheric pressure and temperature but which liquefy at higher pressures like less than 200 psi. LPG is a natural derivative of both natural gas and crude oil.


Trichotillomania is a disorder of compulsive hair pulling that often results in alopecia. The majority of sufferers who seek treatment are female with usual age of onset between 11 and 16 years. Trichotillomania can occur in a wide variety of psychiatric disorders and patients with the condition may be more likely to have a lifetime diagnosis of depression or an anxiety. It often impress as an apparently inexplicable persistent habit, which often develops in a climate of psychosocial stress in the family, e.g., hospitalizations of child or mother, in moving to a new house, or developmental problems such as sibling rivalry or school problems in the older child. Behavior therapy and pharmacotherapy are the most efficacious treatments for adult trichotillomania. A case illustrating the combination of trichotillomania with trichophagia due to sibling rivalry managed with behavior therapy (behavior contract), habit reversal and pharmacotherapy is reported here.


ABSTRACT The present study focused on the adsorption of cationic dye, methylene blue (MB) onto Plumeria alba (White frangipani) leaf powder (WFLP) from aqueous solution in batch experiments. The effects of contact time, solution pH, adsorbent dosage, initial dye concentration, and temperature on the adsorption of MB on WFLP were investigated. The morphology of adsorbent and interactions of MB and WFLP were characterized by SEM, EDX, FTIR, TGA, and Zeta analysis, respectively. The adsorption capacity of WFLP for the removal of MB was found from the kinetic and Langmuir isotherm model. For MB solution of dye concentration, 30 mg/L, and biosorbent loading of 3.5 g/L, the maximum dye removal was 37.22% with a monolayer adsorption capacity of 45.45 mg/g. The adsorption data fitted the isotherm models of Langmuir, Freundlich, and Temkin, in line with both first- and second-order kinetics, but the second-order kinetics gave a better fit. Both ΔH° and ΔG° decreased for the adsorption process that appeared to be both exothermic and spontaneous. Thus, WFLP could be converted to a potential and promising bioadsorbent for the removal of cationic dyes like MB from wastewater solution.


This paper presents comparison of prototype location system built with standard components of 2.4 and 5 GHz WLAN network infrastructure. The system can be used for personal or other objects' positioning, both for indoor and outdoor environments. The system is local, i.e. its operational area is limited to WLAN network operating range. The system is based on standard and widely available WLAN components (access points, network adapters). The goal is to avoid any hardware and software modifications. Also position calculation should not be power hungry operation. Method of location is based in Received Signal Strength Indication (RSSI) returned by most of RF ICs (including WLAN). The main focus is research of how much accuracy (and usefulness) can be expected from standard WLAN hardware. Both static and dynamic scenarios have been tested and compared.


In this paper, we study the finite-time circle formation control problem for multiple agents, where each agent is moving freely in a plane and is merely able to perceive the relative position information of a given target and its neighbors, with the aim of converging to the desired circle surrounding the target point at a preset time and maintaining desired distances from their neighbors. To this end, we design a distributed controller which has a good feature that there is no collision among the agents during forming the desired formation. To demonstrate the effectiveness and good performance of our proposed finite-time circle formation controller, we provide both theoretical analysis and numerical simulations.


Eleven types of sensill on the antenna and 6 in labialpalpi and maxillarypalpi of Monochamus alternatus were found by scanning electron microscopy.There were discovered 8 on its antenna and 6 on its labialpalpi and maxillarypalpi. Styloconic sensillum Ⅰ,trichoid sensillum Ⅰ and chaetic sensillum all occur in antenna, labialpalpi and maxillarypalpi.Besides the above 3 types,styloconic sensillum Ⅱ,trichoid sensillum Ⅱ,cylindric sensillum Ⅰ,Ⅱ and basiconic sensillum are only included in antenna.Labialpalpi and maxillarypalpi specially possess of campaniform sensillum,ampullaceous sensillum and placoid sensillum.There are differences in number,type and location of antenna senilla between male and female.But only in number of labialpalpus and maxillarypalpus senilla.


This paper explores the factors contributing to Multi-Drug Resistant Tuberculosis (MDR-TB) in developing and developed countries. Existing studies indicated that low income and low human development factors contribute to widespread antimicrobial resistance in developing countries. Such factors are examined in depth by performing statistical measures on a sample size of 171 countries from recent data provided by the World Bank and the United Nations Development Programme. First, the relationship between Gross National Income (GNI) per capita and incidence of MDR-TB was tested and a strong correlation was not found. Second, the Human Development Index and incidence of MDR-TB are researched and a strong correlation was not found. The findings of this study indicate that despite the perception that a low income and human development index are among the main causes of antimicrobial resistance, underdevelopment and poverty may not play as large of a role in antimicrobial resistance as originally thought. Thus, policies aiming to combat antimicrobial resistance cannot group countries based on their level of development or income – there are several other factors that must be accounted for. Policies tailored to individual countries and their existing antimicrobial environment is recommended to combat antimicrobial resistance.


We study the mechanisms responsible for losses in photonic crystal fibers (PCFs) with liquid samples in their core. We find that evaporation is an important issue, which considerably empties the cores even for experiments with durations of the order of a few minutes. We also study all‐solid PCFs whose cores are filled with a curable transparent polymer. Doping the polymer may allow for device development. Here we demonstrate fluorescence emission at ∼910 nm from PbS colloidal quantum dots suspended in polymeric‐core PCFs of 9‐cm length pumped by a 679‐nm diode laser.


The eddy-current flowmeter seems well adapted to measurements in high-temperature liquid-metal systems, where deterioration of the properties of permanent magnets and other ferromagnetic parts or bearing problems may seriously degrade the performance of other types. Tests on an eddy-current flowmeter confirm the high signal levels and the optimum excitation frequency predicted by an analysis of the device.


NiII(1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradecane)2+, NiIIL2+, is a good electrocatalyst for the oxidation of CH3NH2 and (CH3)2NH but not of (CH3)3N. The oxidation kinetics of the amines by NiIIIL(H2O)23+ indicate that the amines are good axial ligands to the tervalent nickel complex. The complexes NiIIIL[N(CH3)iH3−i](H2O)3+ are stronger oxidants than the complexes NiIIIL[N(CH3)iH3−i]23+. The oxidation is base-catalyzed and obeys a second-order rate law in NiIIILX2. It is proposed that the key step is NiIII−L(H2O)[N(CH3)iH2−i]2+ + NiIIILX2 → LNiII−N(=CH2)(CH3)i−1H2−i + NiIIL2+ + H3O+ + 2 X. Naturally, N(CH3)3 is not oxidized by this mechanism. Of special interest is the observation that the axial ligands CH3NH2 and (CH3)2NH are oxidized by the central cation, while the cyclam ligand, which has four secondary amine groups bound to the nickel(III) ion, and axially bound pendant primary amine groups, which are covalently linked to the macrocyclic ligand, are relatively stable. This difference in the behavior of axially bound amine groups is attributed to the free rotation of the axially bound N(CH3)iH3−i ligands that is required for the oxidation to proceed. (© Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2004)


A novel scheme for simulating networked agent systems is presented. In this approach, the system is composed of identical communicating agents, which have multi-role capabilities in such a manner that they can perform diverse tasks, according to a given execution context. The agent's behavior is modeled using a timed hybrid Petri net (THPN) whose evolution, valid for all the agents, is computed off-line using Matlab. The agents are interconnected and simulated in a Java platform using the JADE middle-ware.


The paper undertakes the equivalent linearization treatment on the mild steel damper,leads the modern control theory into it,and has the simulation analysis of the steel frame structure with mild steel damper by using the concepts of the state vector and the state space and the Simulink toolbox of MATLAB,and points out the analysis method is convenient to be applied,so it should be further applied.


The invention relates to experiment equipment, in particular to an experiment vacuum resistance furnace which is resistant to corrosion of high-velocity stream liquid metal. The experiment vacuum resistance furnace is composed of a control cabinet, a furnace body system and a vacuum system. According to the experiment vacuum resistance furnace, the working temperature is 500+/-50 DEG C, and the highest working temperature is 600 DEG C. A crucible and a stirring part are made of 316L alloy which has the excellent corrosion resisting property, and a furnace body is made of common carbon steel. The crucible can contain 170 kg liquid molten metal. The experiment vacuum resistance furnace is scientific and reasonable in design structure and can achieve the vacuum degree of 0.6 Pa within the working temperature. An impeller enables liquid metal on the edges of blades to achieve the flow velocity of 3-5 m/s, and the no-load pressure rising rate is smaller than 5 Pa/h. The experiment vacuum resistance furnace can simulate the cooling process of high-velocity stream liquid metal to nuclear reaction equipment in the nuclear industry field, solves the research experimental problem in the nuclear industry field, and provides a powerful guarantee for conducting of scientific research.


Objective:To summarize and analyze the eradication effect of a regimen consisting of a proton pump inhibitor and 2 antibiotics in treatment of Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection in elderly patients. Methods: 95 elderly patients with Hp infections conformed to European Maastricht standard 2000 were enrolled into the study. They were divided to receive a triple therapy consisted of a proton pump inhibitor + amoxicillin + metroniadazole or tinidazole (group A) ,or consisted of a proton pump inhibitor + amoxicillin + clarithromycin (group B) and 13C urea breath test was performed after one month of treatment. Results:74 patients have a DOB value of 4,13C urea breath test was negative in all the patients. The cure rate of Hp infection was 77. 89% . The eradication rate of Hp infection was 76.19% for 1 week therapy and 79.25% for 2 weeks therapy and there was no significant statistical difference between groups. Conclusion: The eradication rate of Hp infection obtained in this study is lower than that reported in literature and clinical physicians should pay highly attention to upgrade the eradication rate of Hp infections.


Abstract : Direct new technical developments are reported in the following sections with respect to the last report. We have been focused to prepare the system for evaluation on the SWRI Test site. In order to be able to perform as much testing as possible we have worked on 2 main aspects: Software: New behaviors have been implemented that allow the system to overcome more and difficult obstacles. A behavior to attach to branches and similar structures has been implemented. A behavior to slide on a branch, after having attached to it has been implemented.


Semarang City is a fascinating city to be studied historically through various aspects, including transportation problems. This paper tries to examine the condition of the transportation network in Semarang at least in the first 30 years of the 20th century. The main problem in this paper is how the condition of the transportation network in Semarang and its impact on Semarang people in the early 20th century. So far, the concern about historical studies in Semarang regarding transportation has always been regarding the railway network centered in this city. However, the railway network is only connecting Semarang with other areas in Central Java and beyond. What about the transportation conditions in the city of Semarang itself?. Of course, the train is not the primary mode if we talk about transportation mode inside the city. In the land transportation network in the big cities in the Dutch East Indies at the end of the 19th century, the mode of transportation using animal power played a huge role. However, changes began to occur when modern transportation modes, such as bicycles, motorbikes, cars, and trams, entered the Dutch East Indies, including Semarang City, at the beginning of the 20th century. The significant impact that occurs is that this mode of transportation provides a new network pattern in transportation, especially the land transportation network in Semarang. This study uses the historical method, which consists of four stages: heuristics, source criticism, interpretation, and historiography. The results of this study indicate that there are complex dynamics in the development of land transportation in Semarang, besides that technology plays an essential role in this development.


We consider the possibility of describing the Higgs effect in unified theories without the Higgs potential in the presence of the Einstein gravity with the conformal gravity-scalar coupling under the assumption of homogeneous matter distribution.
The scalar field values can be found from the Friedmann equations for the homogeneous Universe. The considered cosmological mechanism solves the vacuum density problem (we got $\rho_\phi^{Cosmic}=10^{-34}\rho_{cr}$ instead of $\rho_\phi^{Higgs}=10^{54}\rho_{cr}$),and exludes the monopole creation and the domain walls.


Achieving and maintaining good business performance is a core concern of every business entity. This quantitative study investigates the impact of sourcing strategies and logistics capabilities on the performance of Jordanian pharmaceutical enterprises using partial least square structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). The views and perceptions of 951 managers and assistant manager respondents working in Jordanian pharmaceutical companies were gathered anonymously via an electronic online questionnaire using a convenience sampling technique. The findings revealed that sourcing strategies and logistical capabilities have a significant positive impact on organizational performance in pharmaceutical companies. Insourcing, near-sourcing, few / many suppliers, joint ventures, and virtual enterprises were perceived to be effective sourcing strategies in improving organizational performance. In contrast, outsourcing, and vertical integration were perceived to have a negligible impact on the performance in the context of pharmaceuticals. Furthermore, the findings confirmed that individual logistic capabilities (safety and compliance, storage, delivery, and imports and exports) of pharmaceutical firms were perceived as impacting positively on firm performance. This research provides useful insight for decision makers in pharmaceutical companies in Jordan when reviewing their supply chain, particularly during challenging and turbulent times such as the COVID-19 pandemic.


This work is concerned with suppression of nonlinear effects in piston‐driven acoustic resonators by means of two‐frequency driving technique. An iterative adaptive algorithm is proposed to calculate parameters of the driving signal in order that amplitude of the second harmonics of the acoustic pressure is minimized. Functionality of the algorithm is verified firstly by means of numerical model and secondly, it is used in real computer‐controlled experiment. The numerical and experimental results show that the proposed algorithm can be successfully used for generation of high‐amplitude shock‐free acoustic field in resonators.


In this research, we develop a web-based instrument for air temperature amplitude (T) and relative humidity (RH) predictions using internet connection. There are decisive factors of climate on Earth related to climate change and global warming. Additionally, air temperature amplitude and relative humidity play important roles for the health of the Earth. We developed a wireless sensor system that transmits data to the web server via online internet connection. Semiconductor air temperature and humidity sensors are installed in remote terminal stations. Acquired data were transformed from analog to digital using a converter circuit, and the results were stored in a local database. A computer application is developed to send data online and in real time to a web server using an internet modem. Transmitted data are received and saved on a web hosting database service. For prediction of air temperature amplitude and relative humidity, a Fuzzy Time Series Algorithm induced by Markov transition matrix is used and is pre-installed in the web server. Performance testing for air temperature amplitude and relative humidity measurements showed encouraging results that correspond well with correlation coefficient (R) close to 1. Those testing revealed values R of temperature is 0.9987 and R of RH =0.9946, with minor errors of T=0.18 Celsius degree and RH=1.43%. Results of temperature amplitude and humidity predictions are displayed real time on the dashboard for one day ahead. Testing results also indicated major deviations between actual and predicted data whenever there are sudden fluctuations in the readings of temperature amplitude and relative humidity. Subsequent test results showed that the Fuzzy Time Series-Markov model has an error of 4.6% for temperature and 2.76% for relative humidity prediction, respectively. When further calculations using mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) were carried out, these error values further varied, depending on the number of data and the data characteristics themselves.


Accor di ng to the operation of main600MW units in China,it is suggested that the38 0kV voltage standard is added as the voltage class of the provincial power netw ork frame and the frame of the four classes of750kV,500kV,380kV an d220kV is formed for dispatching.The four voltage classes can be matched wi th the capacity of generating units,thus,it is convenient to oper-ate and di spatch reasonably and economically and helpful to make power network develop du rably.


The following results were obtained from investigation of DSC thermograms of silk fibroin.1. The decomposition temperature of the crystalline region of silk fibroin is estimated to be about 348°C from the DSC thermograms of the hydrolysis residue.2. Silk fibroin is changed thermally into unoriented β-type by the treatment with CaCl2 solution in a free state, while the decomposition temperature of the samples treated at constant length becomes higher than the original samples.3. The α-β transition of coagulated fibroin takes place at about 240_??_250°C, and the resulting β-type fibroin is decomposed at about 290_??_300°C. When the α-β transition is caused by swelling or heat-treatment, the coagulated fibroin is changed into β-type through the mixture of α and β type depending on the treating conditions.4. α-type fibroin is easely changed into β-type by drawing in a swollen state. This β-type fibroin shows a characteristic double peak due to decomposition; the main peak observed at a higher temperature in the thermogram is shifted to higher temperature by drawing, while the other is unchanged.5. DSC thermograms of fibroin powdered by grinding with a file have two endothermic peaks; one occurs at about 185°C and the other at abou 295°C. The former disappears and the latter shifts slightly to higher temperature by recrystalizing in the presence of water.6. It is concluded that DSC thermograms of silk fibroin are divided into two components which are attributed to unoriented β-type component and oriented β′-type one, respectively.


Objective To study the effect of a comprehensive community nursing intervention involving individual,family and community in improving the quality of life of cancer patients and their family member and explore a favorable nursing intervention mode for cancer patients in community.Methods The voluntary participatants of the cancer patients and their families in the community were randomly divided into the experimental group(92 pairs) treated with the comprehensive nursing intervention and the control group(92 pairs) with the traditional community follow-up.European organization for the research and treatment of cancer QLQ-C30(EROTCQLQ-30) and 36-item short form health survey(SF-36) scales were used to measure the quality of life for the cancer patients and their family member before and after the intervention seperatively.Results The score of quality of life of patients and their families in the experimental group was significantly increased improved.Significant differences in the values of 5 functional scales,2 symptom scales(fatigue,nausea and vomit),4 single-phase measurements(somnipathy,anepithymia,constipation,diarrhea) and overall quality of life before and after the intervention were observed between the two groups(P0.01).Then,significant differences were detected in the dimentions of physiological function,vitality,social function,emotional function,and mental health before and after the intervention(P0.01).Conclusion The community nursing interventtion mode for cancer patient nurses can enhance the quality of life for cancer patients and families,promote cancer patients' community rehabilitation,and expand the rehabilitaion coverage.


Dynamic Programming Problem (DPP) is a multivariable optimization problem is decomposed into a series of stages, optimization being done at each stage with respect to one variable only. DP stands a suitable quantitative study procedure that can be used to explain various optimization problems. It deals through reasonably large as well as complex problems; in addition, it involves creating a sequence of interconnected decisions. The technique offers an efficient procedure for defining optimal arrangement of decisions. Throughout this chapter, solving procedure completely deliberate about as Fuzzy Dynamic Programming Problem for single additive constraint with additively separable return with the support of trapezoidal membership functions and its arithmetic operations. Solving procedure has been applied from the approach of Fuzzy Dynamic Programming Problem (FDPP). The fuzzified version of the problem has been stated with the support of a numerical example for both linear and nonlinear fuzzy optimal solutions and it is associated to showing that the proposed procedure offers an efficient tool for handling the dynamic programming problem instead of classical procedures. As a final point the optimal solution with in the form of fuzzy numbers and justified its solution with in the description of trapezoidal fuzzy membership functions. Fuzzy Dynamic Programming Problem for Single Additive Constraint with Additively Separable Return by Means of Trapezoidal Membership Functions


• West Wing o Student study gallery o Portico and courtyard o Office of the Dean and other administrative support groups • Center Building o Office of Student Services o AT&T Minority Engineering Program o Lobby and grand foyer o Student organization office • East Wing o Student study gallery o Portico and courtyard o 150 seat "smart" auditorium o Four 50-70 seat smart classrooms o Aerospace simulation lab


An axisymmetric model of inertia friction welding process was established. By using finite element method of large elastic-plastic deformation, the effect of energy density on the temperature field, stress field, welding time and axial shortening was analyzed during inertia friction welding process. Result showed that the relationship between the energy density and the welding time was approximately linear. And the welding time as well as the axial shortening increased with the energy density. Furthermore increasing the energy density produced an increase in the temperature of the interface and also an increase in the flash generated during the welding process. The calculated data of the welding time and axial shortening during welding were in good agreement with the measured data.


Mosquitofish (Gambusia affinis) are a widespread, invasive species that frequently colonize habitats where they might encounter novel predators. Earlier work showed that asocial mosquitofish disperse more readily than social fish. Initial colonists to newly invaded, low density sites should thus be relatively asocial. Here, we tested the hypothesis that asocial mosquitofish should survive better than social fish when exposed to predators at low mosquitofish density. We used standardized behavioural assays to quantify the individual behavioral type (boldness, sociability, activity, exploratory tendency) of 224 mosquitofish, and then exposed them to predators in small groups. As predicted, asocial individuals survived exposure to predators better than social individuals. In addition, while body mass per se did not affect survival, males survived predators better than females. Overall, this study provides an early corroboration of the general prediction that behavioural types that disperse more readily might also be better at coping with predators at low density.


The asymmetrical rail grinding was used to alleviate the damage of rail oblique cracks on the basis of the characteristics of oblique cracks. The dynamic analysis model of 'blue arrow' was built using SIMPACK dynamic software. The effect of asymmetrical grinding on the running performance of vehicles was investigated in detail. The results indicate that the asymmetrical rail grinding has no obvious effect on the dynamic performance and creep behavior of vehicles. The asymmetrical rail grinding can change the wheel / rail contact parameters.The grinding makes the wheel / rail contact points move from the inner shoulder of rail. The rail asymmetrical grinding changes rail profile and increases the contact area of wheel / rail,which leads to an obvious decrease in the maximum contact stress. Furthermore,the asymmetrical rail grinding can alleviate the initiation and the development of oblique cracks by the change of the distribution of contact points and contact stress.


The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of environmental working conditions on the symptoms and signs of dry eye disease and to examine whether and how those conditions impact the ocular surface. Methods: This single-center, prospective clinical study with a 1-year follow-up included 150 patients. The following parameters were evaluated: non-invasive keratograph break-up time (NIKBUT), tear meniscus height (TMH), and conjunctival and limbal hyperemia. We also performed staining of the surface of the eye for simulated fluorescein images, Schirmer's test I, assessment of Meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD), and an Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) questionnaire. Results: In the OW (office workers) group, in people working >4 h at the computer, the NIKBUT before work and the Schirmer test results were statistically significantly lower than in people working <4 h. The conjunctival hyperemia result before work was statistically significantly higher for people working >4 h at a computer in both groups and after work in the MW (medical workers) group. Low relative air humidity in the building and air-conditioned rooms negatively affects the tear film, causing the symptoms of dry eye disease. At the 1-year follow-up, there was a statistically significant reduction in conjunctival and limbal hyperemia in the OW group as well as a statistically significant reduction in TMH at the first examination before and after work, and in the second examination after 1 year in both groups. Conclusions: Environmental factors such as reduced relative air humidity, increased air temperature, and decreased illumination have a negative impact on the ocular surface.


Abstract Developing and debugging geometric applications is known to be a difficult task: The calculations and data structures can be involved, there are degenerate cases and numerical issues, etc. This paper presents a software setup aiming at easing the development, the debugging, and the maintenance of geometric applications. More precisely, incremental visualization is defined as the possibility for the programmer to visualize interactively any significant update of the geometric data structures at any time. Non-intrusive debugging is defined as the possibility of visualizing any geometric entity in three dimensions from a standard debugger at any time without modifying the source code. We present a setup to perform incremental visualization and non-intrusive debugging. This setup is based on multithreading and requires a three-dimensional viewer, such as Open Inventor, Vtk, or Geomview, and a standard debugger (dbx or gdb). An Open Inventor based C++ implementation of this setup accompanies this paper. Using it simply requires writing the functions converting the user's data structures into Open Inventor's data structures. The setup could easily be extended to accommodate other medias such as sound, video, etc.


Sorbent-based atmospheric water harvesting (AWH) has emerged as a promising decentralized water production technology to mitigate the freshwater crisis in arid areas. Hydrogels have been regarded as attractive sorbents due to their high water retention and tailorable polymer-water interactions. Yet, the kinetics of water sorption and desorption at low relative humidity (RH) should be improved for their practical implementation. Here, we report hygroscopic microgels (HMGs) composed of hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC) and hygroscopic salt, achieving a water uptake of ac. 0.5-0.8 g g-1 at 15-30% RH. HMGs enable rapid sorption-desorption kinetics owing to the short-distance diffusion in microgels and hydrophilicity-hydrophobicity switching of thermoresponsive HPC. To validate the feasibility of HMGs for moisture extraction, a potential daily water collection of up to equivalent 7.9 to 19.1 L kg-1 at low RH was demonstrated enabled by 24-36 operation cycles per day based on the material-level experiments. With renewable raw materials and superior performance, HMGs provide a sustainable approach for rapid moisture extraction in arid climates. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.


Single crystals of pyrochlore-type vanadates A 2 V 2 O 7 where A = Er, Y, and Dy have been successfully grown under high pressure and high temperature, using a multianvil technique. The temperature gradient method was applied for the crystal growth. The crystal structure of all three compounds has been determined from the Rietveld analysis of X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) data and confirmed a cubic pyrochlore structure in space group Fd3m (No. 227). The unit cell parameters were a = 9.9924(1), 10.01438(8), and 10.0372(3) A for Er 2 V 2 O 7 , Y 2 V 2 O 7 , and Dy 2 V 2 O 7 , respectively. Their compositions were investigated by energy dispersive X-ray analysis. A single crystal of Dy 2 V 2 O 7 was characterized by a single-crystal XRD method.


The aim of this research was to assess the performance of 58 Slovenian administrative districts (state government offices at local level), which provide administrative services for eight state ministries. These administrative tasks are commonly organised in four departments of each administrative district. The research covered only one of them – the departments for environment and spatial planning, whose task is to issue various permits (planning permits, building permits and others) upon applications, abstraCt


Author(s): Maldonado Dominguez, Katy Joseline | Abstract: This paper highlights the overlooked experiences of U.S. Central Americans in higher education. Given the absence of Central American studies departments and various shared experiences with Mexican communities in the Southwest, this study analyzes how Chicana/o/x studies departments can serve as relatable spaces for U.S. Central Americans. This study draws from eight semi-structured interviews with U.S. Central Americans in UCLA's Chicana/o studies department to provide insight into how they navigate and create agency within academia. The findings show that U.S. Central Americans in this study developed a dual sense of belonging as Latina/o/x and U.S. Central American students. As Latina/o/x students, the Chicana/o studies department offered tools and knowledge that affirmed their belonging in a predominantly white institution. However, as U.S. Central Americans, the Chicana/o Studies department lacked a complete inclusion of their specific ethnic and cultural experiences. This research argues that to document these realities is to begin to understand how to facilitate the success of U.S. Central American students to critically assess the multiple academic realities of an increasingly diverse population of Latina/o/x collegestudents.


Every business have a main aim to earn maximum profit but there are certain social responsibilities which have to be taken care and when a corporate do these type of activities then that is called corporate socially responsible. This paper focus on CSR activities of various Indian companies and how the CSR activities prove to be a benefit or a burden for business activities. CSR can not only refer to the compliance of human right standards, labor and social security arrangements, but also to the fight against climate change, sustainable management of natural resources and consumer protection A number of companies with good social and environmental records indicate that CSR activities can result in a better performance and can generate more profits and growth but same time more important activities lacking behind when corporate focus more on CSR.


The multi planet system HR8799 is the first target observed with MIRI's coronagraphs as part of the MIRI-EC Guaranteed Time Observations exoplanets programme in Nov. 2022. We obtained deep observations in three coronagraphic filters from 10 to 15mic (F1065C, F1140C, F1550C), and one standard imaging filter at 20 mic (F2100W), with the goal to extract the photometry of the four planets, as well as to detect and investigate the distribution of circumstellar dust. Using dedicated observations of a reference star, we tested several algorithms to subtract the stellar diffraction pattern while preserving the fluxes of planets, which can be significantly affected by over-subtraction. Measuring correctly the planet's flux values requires accounting for the attenuation by the coronagraphs as a function of their position, and to estimate the normalisation with respect to the central star. We tested several procedures to derive averaged photometric values and error bars. These observations have enabled us to obtain two main results. First of all, the four planets in the system are well recovered, and their mid-IR fluxes, combined with near-IR flux values from the literature, are compared to two exoplanet atmosphere models, ATMO and Exo-REM. As a main outcome, the MIRI photometric data points imply larger radii (0.86 or 1.07 RJ for planet b) and cooler temperatures (950 or 1100 K for planet b), especially for planet b, in better agreement with evolutionary models. Second of all, these JWST/MIRI coronagraphic data also deliver the first spatially resolved detection of the inner warm debris disk, the radius of which is constrained to about 15 au, with flux densities comparable, but lower than former unresolved spectroscopic measurements with Spitzer. abridged...


A controllable gain class-B push-pull current amplifier using CMOS OTAs is proposed. The current amplifier has features of linear current gain controllability, low power consumption, and zero DC bias current. Its current gain can be linearly and electrically controlled by a DC voltage. The proposed current amplifier is designed using EOTAs that consist of P-type and N-type OTAs. Since the amplifier operates as a class-B circuit, thus no DC bias current is required, resulting in low power consumption and a wide signal swing range. The performance of the amplifier is confirmed through SPICE simulation.


Secretory immunoglobulin A (SIgA) is predominant antibody secreted into the gut relating to maintain gut homeostasis. In the present study, we focused on the SIgA coating of gut bacteria as a mucosal immune response affecting the gut bacteria following a high-fat diet (HFD). This study newly showed that the level of SIgA coating of gut bacteria was significantly decreased in HFD-fed mice than normal-fat diet (NFD)-fed mice. Furthermore, we found that the relative abundances of gut bacteria were significantly negatively or positively correlated with the level of SIgA coating of gut bacteria in NFD-fed and HFD-fed mice. Our observations suggest that a decrease in the level of SIgA coating of the gut bacteria through a HFD might relate to HFD-induced changes in bacterial composition.


O nce established, homeotic gene (Hox) expression is maintained in the original pattern by Polycomb-group (PcG) and trithorax-group (trxG) proteins therefore named mainte- nance proteins (MPs). PcG and trxG proteins maintain silencing and activation of Hox and many other genes, respectively. We provide here a brief overview of genetics and molecular biology of these proteins and of a third class of proteins termed Enhancers of Trithorax and Polycomb (ETP) that are required for both maintenance of silencing and activation of Hox genes. We examine the recruitment of MPs onto maintenance elements (MEs), their role in the regulation of transcription and the epigenetic marks that could provide maintenance. Lastly, we discuss two important roles of PcG proteins in replication of DNA and stem cell renewal and maintenance. Introduction Changes in gene expression patterns define cell identity in development. Specific gene expres- sion patterns must be passed on to daughter cells during cell division, in a process termed tran- scriptional maintenance. 1 Disruption of maintenance can have disastrous effects in development and disease. 1 Maintenance must be epigenetic because the same DNA sequence is inherited by all cells, yet the gene expression patterns differ. 2,3 Epigenetic regulation is widespread in eukaryotes and includes mating type silencing in yeast, position-effect variegation, gametic imprinting and dosage compensation. Epigenetic regulation in different systems shares mechanisms including DNA methylation, histone modifications, use of histone variants, nucleosome remodeling, nuclear compartmentalization and specific higher order chromatin structures. 4 One of the key challenges in development is to understand the mechanisms of maintenance in detail. The proteins required for maintenance of gene expression patterns are "maintenance proteins" (MPs). 5 The best-characterized MPs are encoded by the Polycomb group (PcG) and trithorax group (trxG) genes, which maintain repression (silencing) and activation respectively of Hox and other genes. About 20 PcG and 15 trxG genes have been characterized in Drosophila. 5 Most PcG and trxG proteins have homologs with similar functions in other eukaryotes. 5 MPs regulate many developmental processes including stem cell self-renewal, X-chromosome inactivation, the hedgehog signaling pathway, genomic imprinting, senescence, the cell cycle and DNA replica- tion. 1,5,6 The structure and function of Drosophila and mammalian Hox complexes is covered in other chapters of this volume and we refer readers there for background not covered here. In this review we will provide a brief overview of genetics and molecular biology of PcG and trxG pro- teins, discuss what is known about their regulatory elements in Hox clusters and point out some


Summary Case study investigation failure mechanism of a road in Derbyshire (UK). The road is located on a ridge, with steep slopes on either side as well as known historical mineworkings in close vicinity. A multi-disciplinary geophysical survey was executed to identify the potential failure mechanism after cracks in the road surface were observed. The combined interpretation of all techniques provided a detailed image of the subsurface allowing identification of the most likely failure mechanism, which will be used in design of a remediation strategy.


Conversion of forest land to other land uses is one of the most important human interference in natural ecosystems, which is effective on ecosystem processes, particularly soil. In order to study the effect of the tea bushes on soil physics in forest areas turned in low land Siahkal Forests, Series 3 Toshi in the Siahkal forests area in Gilan. Soil sampling is done by using systematic sampling method, and the depth of 0 to 30 cm. In total, 40 soil samples (20 samples for each region), to measure parameters of the soil were sampled and were transported to the laboratory. After normalization of the data, by using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, using the software SPSS 18, to study and compare data related to the parameters studied of soil in two areas of degraded forest and tea garden, Non-paired t-test was used. The results showed that, in both two areas of degraded forest and tea garden, soil type was clay loam, and the percentage of clay and sand in the forest is more than tea gardens and the percentage of silt in the forest is less than tea gardens. Apparent specific weight of soil in forest areas is more than tea garden areas and, conversely, the average actual specific weight, porosity in the tea gardens is more than the forest area, which represents an increase in soil quality due to conversion of forest land to the tea garden in the forest areas destroyed in downstream areas of forests in this region.


The patient denies vertigo, hearing change, headache or ear pain. Physical exam and past medical history are benign. What does the brain MRI tell you?


Objective To purify a peptide from Agkistrodon Acutus snake venom and analyse its characteristics and biological activities.Methods To extract snake venom through 75 gel filtration,ultrafiltration and DEAE-Sepharose CL-6B ionexchange.The purified product was identified by HPLC.The molecular weight was determined by SDS-polyacrylamid gel electrphoresis.The isoelectric point was estimated by the isoelectric focusing electrophoresis.Platelet aggragation was measured by nephelometry.The antiangiogenesis effect in vivo of peptide on CAM assay was observed.Results The molecular weight of peptide purified from Agkistrodon Acutus snake venom was 7 862D.Its isoelectric point was pH4.29.This peptide could dose-dependently inhibited the platelet aggregation induced by ADP,collagen and thrombin.It inhibit the spontaneous angiogenesis of CAM.Conclusion The method has been proved to be successful for the purification of peptide that inhibits platelet aggregation and angiogenesis


The current difference of opinion between the Intellectual Property Board and the Chartered Institute of Patent Attorneys (CIPA) as to what may constitute a conflict of interest and how it should be handled is symptomatic of a broader lack of understanding among professionals, courts, and regulators. Such disagreement is illustrative of apparent discrepancies between law and practice. This article sets out the main issues that can arise for IP practitioners in relation to conflicts of interest and suggests some practical ways that they can be easily identified and managed. Practice in the IP area is more fraught with conflict of interest issues than many other areas of professional advice because practitioners seek to achieve broad and exclusive property right protection for their clients, proprietary rights that are limited by and impact upon the scope of later patents. The dire consequences for the IP professional who falls foul of the law on conflicts of interest include a civil action for damages for breach of contract, negligence, or breach of fiduciary duty; court proceedings restraining the practitioner from acting, or disciplinary hearings for breach of the relevant codes of conduct. An associated consequence is the cost and embarrassment of such proceedings. The following discussion considers the degree to which the duties owed by lawyers may also be imposed upon non-lawyers practising as patent or trade mark attorneys. For brevity, the discussion refers to patent attorneys and patents, but the same applies to trade mark attorneys. The discussion and practical examples may also be useful for lawyers practising in the IP field.


This article analyses the media's coverage of Slobodan Milošević's death with an aim to uncover how media further use and incorporate social events into nationalistic discourses and, in that, reconstruct the myth of a legendary leader. The critical discoursive analysis shows that one of the most popular Serbian newspapers Večernje novosti recontextualized Milošević's death in accordance with the nationalistic media discourse that dominated his regime (1987–2000) and in that further reproduced the Serbian myth of Milošević as a legendary leader.


In view of the importance of the full vibrational spectrum and the molecular dissociation energies of K 2 molecule to many studies and applications, this paper uses the SUN and REN's algebraic method (AM) which is based on perturbation theory and the algebraic energy method (AEM) based on the AM to study the vibrational spectroscopic constants, and the full vibrational spectra ( E υ ) including the excited high-lying vibrational energies of electronic states X 1 Σ + g ,a 3 Σ + u ,0 - g ,B 1 Π u and 3 3 Π g of K 2 molecule, and obtain the accurate theoretical values of dissociation energies( D e ) of these states. The full vibrational spectra, especially the high-lying vibrational energies and dissociation energies, are difficult to determine experimentally, so this study can provides physical data for scientific research.


In this work, we provide a cost comparison of micro-photosynthetic power cells (µPSC) with the well-established photovoltaic (PV) cells for ultra-low power and low power applications. We also suggest avenues for the performance improvement of µPSC. To perform cost comparison, we considered two case studies, which are development of energy systems for: (i) A typical mobile-phone battery charging (low power application) and (ii) powering a humidity sensor (ultra-low power application). For both the cases, we have elucidated the steps in designing energy systems based on PV and µPSC technologies. Based on the design, we have considered the components needed and their costs to obtain total cost for developing energy systems using both PV and µPSC technologies. Currently, µPSCs based energy systems are costlier compared to their PV counterparts. We have provided the avenues for improving µPSC performance, niche application areas, and aspects in which µPSCs are comparable to PV cells. With a huge potential to develop low-cost and high performing technologies, this emerging technology can share the demand on PV technologies for ultra-low power applications.


Premise of the study: Microsatellite markers were characterized for two epiphytic cyanolichens, Nephroma laevigatum and N. parile (Nephromataceae), and will be used to investigate population structure and estimate gene flow among populations of these two closely related species with contrasting dispersal modes. Methods and Results: Twelve and 14 microsatellite loci were characterized for N. laevigatum and N. parile, respectively. Allele number in N. laevigatum ranged from three to 13 per locus, while in N. parile there were from two to six alleles per locus. As expected, the sexually reproducing N. laevigatum had higher genetic diversity than the predominantly asexual N. parile. Conclusions: This new set of markers is suitable for studying population structure and providing insights into gene flow among populations and for understanding processes of diversification. Compared between the species, they will facilitate an understanding of the influence of contrasting reproductive strategies on population and community structure.


With ISEE 3 and WIND data, we have studied cases where the solar wind density exceeded 30 cm−3 at two different phases of the solar cycle, and a distinct pattern emerges. Superposed on the broad regions of elevated density in the slow flow are minutes-to-hours-long density peaks of pressure balance structures. Most of the high-density events result from intensification of these pressure balance structures owing to compression over a day-long time scale, usually in the sheaths of ejecta at solar maximum and in corotating interaction regions at solar minimum. The data indicate that the pressure balance structures have a transient source.


The hydrogen bond acceptor (HBA) strength of 31 tetrahedral sulfur bases (thioethers, thiols, disulfides) has been measured by IR spectrometry from: (i) their 1:1 complexation constants with 4-fluo...


The lives of family and friend carers 1 are intrinsically linked with the people they care for. The inability to access appropriate, affordable sustainable housing and homelessness issues faced by people with disability or mental illness are likely to be shared by their carers.


This paper is devoted to a study of local linear independence of refinable vectors of functions. A vector of functions is said to be refinable if it satisfies the vector refinement equation where a is a finitely supported sequence of r × r matrices called the refinement mask. A complete characterization for the local linear independence of the shifts of ϕ1,…,ϕr is given strictly in terms of the mask. Several examples are provided to illustrate the general theory. This investigation is important for construction of wavelets on bounded domains and nonlinear approximation by wavelets.


The invention relates to an LED transient thermal resistance measuring system which can realize measurement of LED transient thermal resistance. The LED transient thermal resistance measuring system comprises a control module, a constant current source driving module, a switching group module, a temperature control module, a sample-to-be-tested module, a temperature measurement module, a data acquisition module and a display and data processing module. Through the mode that an upper computer PC is combined with a lower computer, the LED transient thermal resistance measuring system realizes real-time control over signals, setting of relevant parameters and final data processing and analysis, thereby being capable of realizing accurate measurement of the LED transient thermal resistance.


Background and Objectives: Drug addiction is a chronic relapsing behavioral disorder characterized by compulsive substance seeking and use, despite of harmful consequences. Any substance that affects our nervous through intoxication produced by it's repeated of chronic use which changes our mood, perception and sensation. The main purpose of this study was to explore the factors associated with drugs relapse. Methods: The research was carried out among 114 using semi structured questionnaires on the basis of primary data collection in rehabilitation centers of Lalitpur and Chitwan districts through the census technique for the drug user enrolled in the rehabilitation centers for the treatment. Results: Most of the respondents (94.7 percent) were relapsed in drugs after abstinence. The average number of times relapse in drugs is 3.29 times per person According to the respondents the main causes for the drugs relapse were peer pressure and the family relations. The age of the respondents is associated with the drugs relapse (P<0.029). Educational level of the respondents is associated with the drug relapse (P<0.004). Conclusions: Medium and higher economic background, type of family, job holder, lower education level have more chance to be relapsed. Relapsed can be prevented by providing support, care, positive attitude and rehabilitation for the behavioral treatment of the drug users.


Recent years have seen a very rapid growth in the use of digital computers for simulation work, particularly in the field of system studies. The need for such simulation has been generated by the ever-increasing complexity of systems that are being designed, while the speed and capacity of modern digital computers have provided the means by which to expand simulation efforts. The amount of simulation and the complexity of the studies that are being conducted have presented several difficulties in organizing the use of simulation.


The theory and practice of local literature in the modern sense started in the Enlightenment of France in the middle of 18th century,and they were born in Romanticism of world literature.Six essential elements were formed during the development of world local literature,i.e.local,clodhopper(literature image),local transition,local rationality,local narration,and chuff.In these six elements,each contained two basic types,i.e.nature and society;countryside "pipsqueak" and countryside "big pot";economy and concept;cognitive rationality and rationality of normal form;application of dialects and idioms and innovation of style;personal factor and epoch factor.The six essential elements and twelve types cover the regional,image,epoch,ideology,art,and creation subject features of world local literature,and they are the rulers to judge the basic scope of local literature.Their quality and connection with national culture and spiritual pursuit are also important rulers to judge the achievement of local literature.