The aim of this paper is to deal with the existence of mild solutions and exact controllability for a class of fractional evolution inclusions with damping (FEID, for short) in Banach spaces. Firstly, we provide the representation of mild solutions for FEID by applying the method of Laplace transform and the theory of (α,κ)‐regularized families of operators. Next, we are concerned with the existence and exact controllability of FEID under some suitable sufficient conditions by using the method of measure of noncompactness and an appropraite fixed point theorem. Finally, an application to nonlinear partial differential equations with temporal fractional derivatives is presented to illustrate the effectiveness of our main results. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


ABSTRACT Based on a study of U.S. public university employees from Brazil, Russia, India, and China (BRIC), this article explores transnational practices among highly skilled migrants. Although our interviewees reported considering returning to their home countries or participating in onward migration to other nations, they prefer engagement in transnational practices on the professional and personal levels to long-term return. As we highlight the factors that influence their decision making about return and engagement in transnationalism, our findings suggest that the wide array of transnational activities by the highly skilled needs to be studied as an important complement to the focus on return migration.


The nests of the social parasite ant, Polyergus samurai, and of its host ant, Formica japonica, were excavated and their colony traits and nest structure were examined. Single queen colonies were most frequent in both species, and only one of 13 F japonica colonies contained two queens. The number of E japonica workers in P. samurai nests was much larger than that of E. japonica, suggesting the considerable reduction of future workers in the F. japonica colonies raided by P. samurai workers. Although the nest sizes of P. samurai were larger than that of F. japonica nests, the nest structures were similar to each other. The nesting behaviors of F. japonica workers may not be affected by parasitism by P. samurai, but the increase of colony size in the parasite colony results in the extension of nest dimensions.


Different from a majority of OECD countries, defamation and insult are criminalized in Korea. Defamation by pointing out true facts as well as false facts regarding other persons is criminalized. Both civil and criminal sanction may be imposed on those who commit defamation and insult. The Korean Supreme Court has held that defamation may be justified when it is made for 'public interests' and attack against public officials and figures should not restricted unless they are made by malice and serious recklessness. It has also held that insult may be justified when it is partly used in the situation where the defendant emphasizes on the rightness of his/her opinion. The Constitutional Court held that the restriction of defamatory expressions against public officials and figures should be alleviated. However, this judicial decisions provide citizens with only possibility of being freed from criminal sanction in final stage of criminal process. Citizens who make defamatory or insulting expressions are in a danger of be investigated and prosecuted. They have to keep fighting with law enforcement authorities to change the possibility into reality. Thus ordinary citizens are likely to refrain from criticizing public officials and figures. In this context, the two crimes of defamation and insult produce "chilling effect" on the freedom of expression. For these reasons, a few number of scholars have argued that the two crimes of defamation and insult are unconstitutional, so abolished. This Article starts by reviewing the judicial interpretation of defamation and insult and clarify the requirements of justification. Then it argues that the Korean courts have modified and adopted the "actual malice" rule, which was established by the U.S. Supreme Court in the decision of New York Times v. Sullivan in 1964. Second this Article criticizes that the two crimes restrict the freedom of expression, critical expression against public officials and figures in particular. Finally it argues that defamation and insult against public officials and figures in a case related with 'public interests' should be de-criminalized and imprisonment should be removed from the list of penalties for the two crimes.


Certain institutions of higher learning are enforcing collegeentrance requirements which are intended to prevent the admission of individuals who would probably fail in college work. For example, admission is sometimes granted only if the prospective student has attained a certain minimum score on an intelligence test or a certain minimum average mark in his high-school courses. The practice of admitting to college only those students who are likely to succeed is referred to as selective admission. It frequently happens, however, that many students who are admitted through the process of selection fail sooner or later in their college careers. Consequently, there is need of evaluating the various requirements employed in selective admission.


The speech act is considered to be one of the important and complex sources of communication. The importance of speech act has already been accepted and has attracted the attention of linguists as an investigation object. The speech act can be considered multicomponental. The article deals with the investigation of speech acts. It also investigates the performatives in speech acts. The speech act is considered to be an important and comlex communication source. The identity of performative sentences in speech acts is discussed in the article. The article writes that the performative  sentences express declaration, announcement, description, confirmation, prediction , etc. Performatives are accompanied by the performance of speech act. The article states that L.Wittgenstein introduces speech acts as "language games" and it is widely discussed in the article. The opinions of  Wittgenstein L. and Austin J.about speech acts are discussed in the article as well.


While being in Tajikistan on behalf of GTZ - Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Technische Zusammenarbeit GmbH to support the Ministry of Education in relation to the financing of basic education, the consultant was asked by Mr. Sharipov, Deputy Minister of Education, to undertake a simulation of the effects of the per-capita financing scheme that is implemented in five pilot regions starting from January 2005. The following paper presents the results of the analyses and provides some background information for those readers who are not familiar with the economic situation and the education system in Tajikistan.


Excerpt Immunoassays for hepatitis B viral markers are extremely sensitive diagnostic tools. However, in the past few years several studies have raised concerns about the reliability of an isolated...


Abstract The hardening of rubber at low temperatures is one of the well-known physical characteristics of rubber. The loss of elasticity of raw rubber by hardening at 0° to 10° C., its turning to the consistency of glass, and its fragility at −19° C. when cooled with liquid air, and its fibering when stretched to 60–70 per cent previous to breaking, give an experimental proof of the theory of the structure of rubber molecules. Vulcanization makes raw rubber physically less sensitive to heat and to low temperatures, and is of great significance, because it enables vulcanized rubber to be used around −30° C. without losing its elasticity. The effect of external heat on the physical properties, especially on the stress-strain relations, of vulcanized rubber has been discussed mainly for temperatures from −10° to +100° C., and only two papers deal with temperatures from −30° to −60° or −70° C. (cf. Le Blanc and Kroger, Kolloid Z., 37, 205 (1925); Tener, Kingsbury and Holt, Bureau of Standards Technologic Pape...


Relativistic solar cosmic rays can effectively be used for studying the processes of particle acceleration within the flare region and the corona, as well as their escape from the solar atmosphere and their propagation in the interplanetary space. The Sun occasionally emits cosmic rays of sufficiently high energy to cause increases of the intensity recorded by ground level detectors such as neutron monitors and muon telescopes, known as ground level enhancements (GLEs) (Shea and Smart, 1993; 2002; Storini and Laurenza, 2003). These enhancements characterize only one relativistic part of the entire solar cosmic ray spectrum. The detection threshold for neutron monitors of standard type (NM-64 or IGY) is significantly lower arising to primary proton kinetic energy ~435 MeV/nucleon (or magnetic rigidity ~1 GV/nucleon). If the energy of primary protons is less than 435 MeV neutron monitors do not practically respond them due to atmospheric absorption of neutrons. A historical beginning of solar cosmic observations was set by the occurrence of the GLEs on 28 February 1942, in July 1946 and November 1949 (Adams and Braddick, 1950). The greatest ground level enhancement of solar cosmic rays ever recorded by neutron monitors (until January 2005) available to detailed analysis was observed on 23 February 1956. The characteristics and the peculiarities of this event have been studied by many researchers (Meyer at al., 1956; Pfotzer, 1958; Miroshnichenko, 1970; Adams and Gelman, 1984; Smart and Shea, 1990; Belov et al., 2005a; b). Since that time hundreds of proton events and tens of GLEs were registered, but all of them rank below this one by one order of magnitude or more. However, on 20 January 2005, one of the largest ground level enhancements ever recorded, GLE-69, was registered in the neutron monitors of the worldwide network (Belov et al., 2005c; Plainaki et al., 2005b). In this thesis, a new technique for modeling the dynamical behavior of GLEs throughout their evolving, based on the method of coupling coefficients (Dorman, 1957; 2004) as well as on the determination of neutron monitor asymptotic directions, is proposed. The so called NM-BANGLE Model (Neutron Monitor Anisotropic GLE Model) couples primary solar cosmic rays at the top of the Earth's atmosphere with the secondary ones detected at ground level by neutron monitors, during GLE events. An efficient optimization method based on the Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm has been applied in order to calculate the various GLE parameters in the most reliable and precise way (Levenberg, 1944; Marquardt, 1963; More, 1977). As a result, the evolution of several GLE parameters such as the solar cosmic ray spectrum, the anisotropy and the particle flux distribution is calculated. Consequently crucial information on the propagation of solar energetic particles in the interplanetary magnetic field is revealed. In order to work effectively the NM-BANGLE Model has to take into account the influence of the Earth's magnetospheric field on the solar energetic particle propagation in…


are noticed as early as the second day. The remedy may be continued for two to three weeks. Treatment of Infantile Syphilis. Grey powder, three-quarters of a grain thrice daily, gives the best results. Inunction may be vised when it is necessary to get the child quickly under the influence of mercury, and liquor hydrargyri perchlor. in doses of 4 to 10 minims where powders cannot be given. Treatment should be continued for two years after all symptoms have disappeared.?Dr. G. F. Still.


The utility model relates to a coaxial two-stage non-return valve clack lift differencing device. A valve clack connecting shaft comprises a first step used for connecting a first stage valve clack movable end, a second step used for connecting a second stage valve clack movable end, and a third step used for connecting a second stage valve clack centre mount, wherein the third step is arranged at the rear end of the second stage valve clack centre mount; a return spring is arranged between the third step and the second stage valve clack centre mount; and the third step is provided with a shaft segment arranged at the front end of the second stage valve clack centre mount and used for facilitating the moving of the second valve clack centre mount to the second stage valve clack movable end when a check valve is sealed and closed. The device can effectively solve the problem that sealing of one valve clack is influenced by the jamming of another valve clack, and the separation and seal reliability of the check valve can be greatly improved.


The ideological and political education of college English course should focus on the teaching goal of combining knowledge teaching with value guidance, and strive to put moral cultivation into the teaching. During the Covid-19, English teaching is not only to help students communicate and understand western society and civilization, but more importantly to encourage students to pay attention to all aspects of how the world views China. Through the reform of teaching objective, teaching content, teaching mode and evaluation system of ideological and political education in College English course, we try to maximize the ideological and political elements contained in this course, arouse students' intrinsic value and emotional resonance through appropriate inspiration and guidance, and improve students' political thought, patriotism and moral cultivation according to the characteristics of this course.


Feature extraction is of great importance in radar target recognition. The extraction of effective and reliable features is fundamental and critical for the construction of target recognition systems. It is difficult to build target scattering models rigorously for regular low-resolution radars abiding by electromagnetic theories. Based on the observation and analysis on a large number of real-life data, and taking the thinking process and the description method of radar operators for reference, a set of feature extraction methods basing on visual effects for dynamic radar target echo series have been introduced. The application of these methods in multiple radar target recognition projects has testified their effectiveness and robustness.


In this study, mandible was assessed both metrically and morphologically. 39 mandible that we employed in our study belonged to the communities from different settling regions. Mandibles were provided from the collection of the Paleontology Department of the Ankara University. Out of these mandibles, 31 were single, 8 being coupled with maxillae. In Anatolia in the Contemporary and Middle Ages; it was established that there was not a direct relation between the medio-lateral condylar length, antero-posterior condylar length, mandibular length and the age. Condylar morphology was detected to tend to flatten proportionally with age at the horizontal and frontal planes. Attritional patterns of the teeth revealed the fact that they were generally fed on soft food.


The goal of this paper was to study critically why madrasah as an institutional development agen of Islamic education in Indonesia, whith the innovation is that of curriculum oriented in hospitality in approaching the students based on tauhid (the unity of science and religion). The study is carried out in the prespective of Islamic education concept and that of inclusive education. Through comparative analysis, the study finds five same characteristics of Islamic education and inclusive education: (1) education as a right or duty; (2) education for all; (3) the principle of non-segregation; (4) the holistic view of the pupil; (5) handicap seen in relation to external factors, especially school environment. Madrasah can be viewed as an application of both the principle of non-segregation and the holistic view of the pupil. The principle of non-segregation is applicated in the process of education with the hospitality to all students: everyone is admitted in accordance with his faculty and potentiality, and receives educational services without discrimination. Moreover, the holistic view of the pupil is applicated in the intended design to meet the faculty of reasoning with that of intuition in the process of learning by the integration the revealed signs from the Qur'an and Sunnah with the cosmic signs (matters of natural and social sciences). The innovation, then, has made the revealed signs the first data as well as the source of values-both are marginalized in the contemporary practice of education. Other principles are being challenges the madrasah should anticipate in the future. One of them is the developing education human resource, and the way of student recruitment, because they have deferent background. Keyword: Madrasah, Islamic, Inclusion Education


In electrical discharge machining, it is able to work hardened steels with low electrode-wear by means of power control of electrical discharge (which makes a little value of im/τd). But it is unable to work cemented carbide alloys with low electrode-wear by means such as mentioned above. This paper describes, in case of using cemented carbide alloys as a work, decreasing electrode-wear in finish (worked surface has a roughness of about one μmRmax) and improving the characteristics of erosion rate in pre-finish (worked surface has a roughness of about ten μmRmax). Obtained results are as follows : (1) Low electrode-wear of finish machining seems to be obtained by repeating uni-directional transient arcs which have the arc duration of sub-microsecond.(2) In repeating transient arcs which have the arc duration of about ten microsecond, erosion rate of cemented carbide alloys (pre-finish) increases by larger discharge current. Particularly, erosion rate of cemented carbide alloys is getting to larger using silver-tungsten electrode than copper electrode. But it seems to be difficult to obtain low electrode-wear.(3) In order to increase the erosion rate in finish, and to decrease the electrode-wear in pre-finish, it is necessary to develop power electronic technology in sub-microsecond domain.


Female volunteer directors are largely drawn from affluent professional and corpo rate families. Their role in the reproduction of the upper class has been overlooked by studies of class culture and class legitimation. This study argues that women who take on community leadership roles (volunteer directorships in particular) are motivated to do so because of class cultural incentives: noblesse oblige, duty to community and prestige. These combine with incentives for personal achievement in ways which, at once, serve to reproduce upper class prerogatives for community leadership roles and maintain the volunteer board status quo.


Video-telephony applications are widely used in offices, education, medical care, social and other fields. This paper introduces a method designed for conversational subjective tests, based on an open-source video-telephony platform, focusing on multimedia quality and interaction experience perceived by users under various network states. The research is carried out as part of the 'Computational model used as a QoE/QoS monitor to assess video-telephony services' (G.CMVTQS) project, which is under study in ITU-T SG12 Q.15. Six different laboratories, from four countries, are collaboratively working on the conversational subjective tests. The designed test bed is described, along with the lab deployment, the simulation of network distortions and the method used for subjective evaluation.


This application is, for example, purine nucleoside phosphorylase (PNP) inhibitors, alkylating agents, and / or to the treatment of hematological cancers that can comprise the administration of an anti-CD20 agent, furthermore relates to related compositions and kits. Specifically, the method of the invention, administration (a) a step of administering an effective amount of a PNP) harm agent to the subject, the (b) an alkylating agent an effective amount of the subject or anti-CD20 agent comprising the step of. In certain embodiments, the PNP inhibitor is Forodeshin. In other embodiments, the alkylating agent is mustard derivative, a nitrosourea derivative, is selected from platinum compounds, and imidazole carboxamide compound. In some embodiments, the alkylating agent is Bendamustine. In certain embodiments, the anti-CD20 agent is Rituximab.


Of the main ways of gold placers exploitation, the most devastating for environments is dredging. The paper considers environmental consequences of dredge usage for placer mining in mountain rivers of medium order. The intensity of impact on channel system depends on the work duration and area, as well as on characteristics of regional environments. Capability of river to restore the channel characteristics after placer has been abandoned is found as relationship of sum of the river discharge and gradient to degree of disturbance.


In the new era of the 21st century,the Communist Party of China clearly puts forward the "People-oriented" Theory,which,as recent results of Maxism Sinicization studies,is a governing philosophy and an idea for developing socialism with Chinese characteristics.The studies on the "People-oriented" Theory basis and its ideas of realizing the people's overall development and developing to meet the people's growing material and cultural needs have important theoretical and practical value in China's reform and opening up and socialist modernization construction.


According to Diogenes Laertius' Lives of Eminent Philosophers, Xenophanes of Colophon, poet and philosopher of the 6th–5th centuries BC, was sold into slavery by the Pythagoreans Parmeniscus and Orestades (D.L. IX, 20 = 21 A 1 DK). This testimony has long been a source of concern to Hellenists, taking into account the high reputation that Pythagoras and his school gained in the history of European culture and philosophy. The paper provides a critical review of all the proposed corrections to the fragment in question. In the first part it considers conjectures and emendations made by the editors and translators Diogenes Laertius' text since the Renaissance. Particular attention is paid to Ambrogio Traversari (1386–1439), the first translator of the Vitae philosophorum, whose translation already reveals a reluctance to follow the literal meaning of the testimony. The second part of the paper examines the restoration of the text proposed by Hermann Diels, which is still the most influential. The third part discusses the position of some modern scholars who, while refusing to correct the text of Diogenes Laertius, continue to suspect him to be mistaken. As a result, the paper shows that all corrections of Diogenes' testimony, according to which Xenophanes was sold into slavery by the Pythagoreans, are vulnerable to criticism, and that consequently its literal reading may be correct.


This experiment was carried out in the field at the Estacao Experimental de Zootecnia de Colina, State of Sao Paulo, Brazil, with objective studied that the residual mineral nitrogen fertilization and biological nitrogen fixed by forage legumes effect of sorghum with rotation culture. The sorghum was sown in the plots before cultivated during three years with perennial soybean, cudzu, centro and coloniao grass. The grass, as well as the legumes, had been fertilized with three levels of nitrogen (0, 150 and 300 kilogram per hectare per year) or mixed with the legumes. A control plot was added. The nitrogen biologically incorporated by the legumes resulted in the increases in the dry matter and protein production. The dry matter and protein production of sorghum in the plots with exclusive legume, legume with 150kg N/ha, legume with 300 kg N/ha, legume mixed coloniao, coloniao with 0, 150 and 300 kg N/ha and control were: 11.693 and 649; 8.223 and 451; 3.907 and 199; 7.200 and 380; 4.730 and 246; 9.730 and 610 kg/ha/ano, respectively.


Analysis on macroeconomic determinants of protection in the Czech and Slovak Republics, Hungary, and Poland, while subject to many caveats, suggests that appreciation of the real exchange rate was the main macroeconomic determinant of trade policy reversals in the 1990s. This suggests that balance of payments difficulties may have been used as an excuse for protection. The analysis also suggests that greater exchange rate flexibility and tighter fiscal policies could have been used instead of import surcharges to deal with external imbalances. The surcharges may only have aggravated the external balance by slowing down exports and restructuring of production.


Topic selection is the key to successful writings on history.Innovation and sustainable study are two factors that are to be taken into account.Research into and writings on history should be supported by examinations of historical evidence and elaboration of historical thinkings. Without examinations,history would be a mere skeleton.But examinations are not a simple piling up of data.Datra accumulation is not a mechanical job;it is an intellectual one of high level.Citations of data are to involve notes of sources to pay respect to others for their work.As for historical thinkings,namely thinkings by historians,highly demanding,or cruelly demanding requirements are not to be aovided.A genuine historian(Sima Qian for example)has his own competence in history and philosophy,or an ultimate concern for life.This requires that historians have historical participation awareness.In addition,written expression is an important yet painful thing.A historian should never forgive himself for his lack of literary grace.He should enhance his ability in written expression,with a moderate emphasis on historical sense so as to communicate with the ancients.In a word,historical data,historical thinkings and literary grace should form a perfect unity.


The article deals with the questions of the further modernization of system of higher education according
to sociological interrogation on the base of analysis of results of the national project Education.


Abstract Mountain summits in the Slovak part of the Western Carpathians bear evidence of human presence from the Late Bronze to the Late Iron Age. According to fire-induced changes in archaeological record and finds of weaponry, some of the extreme upland sites (EUS) were viewed as places of safety or refugia violently destroyed within a short period. We have focussed on three sites with summits at 1300–1550 m a. s. l. and found out that two of them were used in 650–400 calBC and 390–150 calBC, respectively. By the first systematic use of 14C dating and targeted 14C sampling, we have overcome the inherent chronological imprecision of their artefactual record and opened new vistas for interpretation of this type of sites.


A combination of the remarkably simple technique of electrospinning, developed to fabricate polymer nanofibers, and sol–gel processing has been utilized to produce fine zinc oxide nanofibers with an average diameter of 70 nm. A non-toxic precursor solution of polyvinyl alcohol and zinc acetate was electrospun and the resulting fibers were then calcined at a relatively low temperature to produce ZnO nanofibers. Simultaneous thermal analyses were used to study the formation of ZnO nanofibers from the precursor material. X-ray diffraction was employed to analyze the phases and different microscopy techniques, such as scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy were used to study the morphology and size of the fibers. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was employed to investigate the composition of the precursor and ZnO fibers. The specific surface area of the electrospun nanofibers was determined using the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller method and optical properties were measured by UV-Vis and PL spectroscopy. The very high specific surface area of the ZnO fibers makes them potential candidates for nanodevice applications in gas sensing, dye-sensitized solar cells, and UV/blue emission devices.


Abstract Recent (2004) boxcoring on the SW Rockall Bank, west of Ireland (approx. 55°N 15°W, depths between 557 and 1407 m) yielded 95 species of sponges in 20 boxcore attempts. There are no published reports of Rockall Bank coral reef sponge fauna, but comparison with trawl and dredge efforts in neighbouring parts of the NE Atlantic (east of Rockall Trench, off the Scottish coasts) made in the late 19th and early 20th century leads to the conclusion that our boxcoring efforts yielded similar numbers of species as these more elaborate collecting programs. Numbers of specimens for all boxcore samples combined was 466, together occupying a total volume of approx. 3.38 l, based on length x width x height measurements of all individuals. These results indicate a generally low biomass of sponges contributing to the deep water coral reef fauna. Species composition in this bathyal habitat shows a high heterogeneity (Eveness J': 0.81–0.97) and the majority of sponge individuals does not exceed 1 cm3 in volume. Nevertheless, high densities of a large hexactinellid species, Asconema aff. setubalense (up to 30 cm in height), were encountered locally. Sponge community analysis showed that there was no clear correlation between coral cover and sponge diversity, and only a weak correlation between coral cover and abundance and volume of sponges. This, combined with the overall very small size of the sponges, suggests that substratum is not a limiting factor for their occurrence.


Smaller, faster, cheaper - that was the trend in computing tar the past 50 years. As microprocessor technology is hitting the limits of what's physically possible, some researchers are exploring whether anew technology, `spintronics', may be the way forward.


Abstract: Tremarctos ornatus (F.G. Cuvier, 1825) is a tremarctine bear commonly known as the Andean bear. It is a medium-sized bear with black to dark red-brown pelage with dense, long, coarse fur; creamy white marks occur on the chin, neck, and chest, and often white to creamy marks occur on the face, around the muzzle, and eyes. It is distributed in the tropical Andes of Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Perú, Bolivia, and northern Argentina in South America. T. ornatus is catalogued as "Vulnerable" (VU) by the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources and is included in CITES Appendix I. Main threats include habitat loss and fragmentation, illegal killing, human–bear conflicts, and most likely climate change.


Intraoral patches have a drug layer containing a drug and infiltration enhancer, contain adhesion imparting component to mucosal, and adhesion layer secured to the drug layer.


Assists clinicians in providing care to individuals experiencing nutritional alterations related to cancer or HIV infection. Overviews basic nutritional concepts and nutritional alterations in cancer and HIV infection, addresses pathophysiology and malnutrition in cancer and HIV, and gives strategie


This paper illustrates how Oxfam GB Southern Africa supports the efforts of women's-rights organisations to monitor the domestication and implementation of women's human-rights instruments such as the Protocol to the African Charter on Human and People's Rights on the Rights of Women in Africa (the Africa Women's Protocol) in Africa, using the example of the Africa Gender Equality and Women's Empowerment Monitor (known as the Africa Gender Monitor or AGM).


To design and synthesise highly efficient photocatalysts by a facile, environmental friendly, and economical method has become of vital importance in the photocatalytic field. With the assistance of a simple microwave treatment for 40 min, the reduced graphene oxide/Ag3PO4 (rGO/Ag3PO4) visible-light-response photocatalyst can be rapidly synthesized under the atmosphere. TEM results show that the irregular Ag3PO4 particles are distributed on the surface of the rGO sheet. In the photo-degradation process of methyl orange (MO), the optimum photocatalytic activity of rGO (1.5%)/Ag3PO4 under simulated daylight is almost 2 times higher than pure Ag3PO4. Obviously, this facile method paves a convenient way to prepare visible-light-response Ag3PO4-based composites with high photocatalytic efficiency in a large scale and also to reduce the high cost of Ag3PO4 for practical uses.


A unique feature of &agr;-catenin localized outside the cadherin–catenin complex is its capacity to form homodimers, but the subcellular localization and functions of this form of &agr;-catenin remain incompletely understood. We identified a cadherin-free form of &agr;-catenin that is recruited to the leading edge of migrating cells in a phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase–dependent manner. Surface plasmon resonance analysis shows that &agr;-catenin homodimers, but not monomers, selectively bind phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate–containing lipid vesicles with high affinity, where three basic residues, K488, K493, and R496, contribute to binding. Chemical-induced dimerization of &agr;-catenin containing a synthetic dimerization domain promotes its accumulation within lamellipodia and elaboration of protrusions with extended filopodia, which are attenuated in the &agr;-cateninKKR<3A mutant. Cells restored with a full-length, natively homodimerizing form of &agr;-cateninKKR<3A display reduced membrane recruitment, altered epithelial sheet migrations, and weaker cell–cell adhesion compared with WT &agr;-catenin. These findings show that &agr;-catenin homodimers are recruited to phosphoinositide-activated membranes to promote adhesion and migration, suggesting that phosphoinositide binding may be a defining feature of &agr;-catenin function outside the cadherin–catenin complex.


This research compares laboratory performance of two superpave modified asphalt binders including PG 64-10 and PG 70-10. A series of laboratory tests were conducted on 14 asphalt mixes treated with 0, 2, 4, and 6% of Acrylate Styrene Acrylonhrtilrei (ASA) polymer and nanoparticles aluminium oxide (Al2O3) by weight of the base asphalt binder. It was found that as the concentration of both modifiers increased, the resistance of asphalt binder PG 64-10 and PG 70-10 to rutting parameter and fatigue parameter increased for concentrations of 2 and 4% only. Increases in complex modulus values were consistently observed for all modified asphalt binders compared to the base asphalt binder. The increment of concentration of ASA polymer and Al2O3 nanoparticles can significantly increase the asphalt binder viscosity. All modified asphalt samples have greater storage stability at high temperatures. Also, it was found that the adding of ASA polymer and Al2O3 nanoparticles to all the mixes results in a substantial impact on the material properties of the asphalt binder. The samples altered with Al2O3 nanoparticles show better results than the samples modified with ASA polymer. The figure of 4% can be considered the optimum amount for both modifiers.


Abstract In this paper we study nonlinear elliptic problems of Neumann type driven by the $p$ -Laplacian differential operator. We look for situations guaranteeing the existence of multiple solutions. First we study problems which are strongly resonant at infinity at the first (zero) eigenvalue. We prove five multiplicity results, four for problems with nonsmooth potential and one for problems with a ${{C}^{1}}$ -potential. In the last part, for nonsmooth problems in which the potential eventually exhibits a strict super- $p$ -growth under a symmetry condition, we prove the existence of infinitely many pairs of nontrivial solutions. Our approach is variational based on the critical point theory for nonsmooth functionals. Also we present some results concerning the first two elements of the spectrum of the negative $p$ -Laplacian with Neumann boundary condition.


The two branches of Western Numic are the Mono and Northern Paiute languages. We argue that this taxonomic structure did not arise as usually assumed in historical linguistics, through increased differentiation brought about by changes internal to each branch, but rather that diffusion between Western and Central Numic played a crucial role in forming the Western Numic family tree. More generally, we suggest that diffusion plays a greater role in language diversification than is usually recognized.


Knowledge of the in situ stress regime is critical to investigate the genesis of recurrent triggered seismicity over the past five decades in the Koyna seismogenic zone. Orientations of in situ horizontal stresses are determined for the first time from analyses of image logs in a 3 km deep scientific borehole KFD1 in the area. KFD1 passed through 1,247 m thick Deccan Traps and continued 1,767 m in the granitic basement. Stress‐induced wellbore failures, breakouts and drilling‐induced tensile fractures, are identified in the acoustic and microresistivity images of the granitic basement. Additionally, tightly constrained focal mechanisms of 50 earthquakes of M ≥ 3.6, reported in literature, are inverted to constrain the stress regime. Salient results are as follows: (i) wellbore breakouts and drilling‐induced tensile fractures constrain N9°W ± 17° orientation for maximum horizontal principal stress (SHmax); (ii) consistency with the regional NNW‐SSE orientation of SHmax from inversion of earthquake focal mechanisms shows that the borehole data are representative for the Koyna region; (iii) breakout rotations at multiple depths below 2,100 m indicate that the borehole may have passed through localized fault damage zones; (iv) consistent strike azimuths of steeply dipping fractures with SHmax orientation indicate favorable conditions for strike‐slip to normal transitional faulting environment; and (v) stress inversion of 50 well‐determined earthquake focal mechanisms supports transitional faulting environment in the Koyna seismogenic zone. Thus, stress orientation and fracture information from borehole data, together with stress regime constrained from inversion of earthquake focal mechanisms, shed new light on the faulting environment in the region.


Wrinkles can be found on the surface of largely compressed areas of metallic materials. This particular type of instabilities can be observed in structural elements that are of particular interest for the automotive and offshore industries, such as bent tubes or pipes, pressure vessels or die formed sheet metal pieces. Wrinkles can evolve into creases by an unstable growth of self-contact when such structural elements are increasingly strained remotely. The onset of a crease can be detected when the self-contact length grows unsteadily, which can develop into a surface crack that might lead to catastrophic failure. Hence, this phenomenon is important to consider in industrial applications when surface imperfections such as wrinkles are detected. Typically, for materials that present elastic-plastic mechanical responses, such as metallic materials, the critical strain at which the onset of crease occurs is quite large [1]. Therefore, one might need to consider that the material can develop other forms of instabilities created by inhomogeneous states. These are typically assessed performing bifurcation or imperfection analysis [2]. In order to ascertain the underlying phenomena that might create either form of plastic instability, a finite element model of a crease formation is analysed in detail. The crease formation scenario is simulated by compressing a rectangular solid under plane strain conditions that contains a rounded defect. The bifurcation criterion is implemented directly in a material level user subroutine allowing the detection of inhomogeneous states within a single finite element.


Dynamic demand response (DR) is an integral part of ancillary services markets. The integration of dynamic DR control loop into the conventional load frequency control (LFC) model is presented by the authors in [1]. Extensive analytical analyses were carried out on single-area power system in previous study. In this paper, the idea is expanded to a general multi-area interconnected power system. Then, impacts of the proposed LFC-DR on the dynamic performance of the multi-area power systems in different conditions are simulated. Simulation results show a superior performance of the LFC-DR model for different conditions and power system models.


Stellar-mass black holes with relativistic jets, also known as microquasars, mimic the behavior of quasars and active galactic nuclei. Because timescales around stellar-mass black holes are orders of magnitude smaller than those around more distant supermassive black holes, microquasars are ideal nearby `laboratories' for studying the evolution of accretion disks and jet formation in black-hole systems. Although studies of black holes have revealed a complex array of accretion activity, the mechanisms that trigger and suppress jet formation remain a mystery. Here we report the discovery of a broad emission line during periods of intense hard X-ray flux in the microquasar GRS 1915+105, and highly ionized narrow absorption lines during softer states. We argue that the broad emission line arises when the inner accretion disk is illuminated by hard X-rays, possibly from the jet. In contrast, during softer states, when the jet is weak or absent, absorption lines appear as the powerful radiation field around the black hole drives a hot wind off the accretion disk. Our analysis strongly suggests that this wind carries enough mass away from the disk to halt the flow of matter into the radio jet.


Promising energy crops such as Jatropha curcas Linnaeus (JCL), which are planted on marginal lands, or microalgae such as Chlorella, which are cultivated in ponds located on mudflats or deserts, have been regarded with high hopes to solve the shortage of food crops and increase the amount of biodiesel (fatty acid methyl ester, FAME) production. However, the annual yields of biomass and transport fuels (t/ha) of both are still unclear and often exaggerated in the literature. Large portions of JCL biomass, including tree trunks and leaves, can also be used to generate electricity along with FAME, which is produced from seed lipids. Meanwhile, lipid extracted algae (LEA) is composed of proteins, polysaccharides and lipids other than glycerides which are unable to be esterified to form FAME and much more abundant in the microalgae than oil cake in the oil crops. Therefore, it was strongly suggested that not only transesterification or esterification but also Fischer-Tropsch (FT) process and bio-electricity generation should be considered as routes to produce biofuels. Otherwise, the yield of biofuel would be extremely low using either JCL or Chlorella as feedstock. The life-cycle inventories (LCI) of the biofuel processes with whole biomass of JCL and Chlorella were compared based on their net energy ratio (NER) and CO2 emission saving (CES). It was shown that the technological improvement of irrigation, cultivation and processing for either economic-crops or microalgae are all necessary to meet the requirements of commercial biofuel production.

 Key words: Biodiesel, biofuel, Jatropha, microalgae, chlorella, LCA, LCI.


The SnO2 doped multi-walled carbon nanotubes(MWCNTs) thin film NO2 gas sensor,prepared by radio frequency(RF) reactive magnetron sputtering,showed high sensitivity to ultra-low concentrations of NO2 in the parts per billion(ppb) range,even low to 10×10-9.Scanning electron microscope(SEM) and X-ray diffraction(XRD) characterizations indicated that the MWCNTs were affected by the morphology of the SnO2 thin film and the particle size.The properties of the SnO2 thin film with MWCNTs inclusion were investigated,such as sensitivity,selectivity,response-recovery time.Experimental results revealed that the SnO2 doped MWCNTs thin film response to NO2 gas depended on the operating temperature,the NO2 gas concentration,thermal treatment conditions,the film thickness and so on.Mechanism of gas-sensing property of SnO2/MWCNTs thin film were investigated,the results revealed that the improved gas-sensing performance should be attributed to the dual effects between MWCNTs(p-type) and SnO2(n-type) semiconductor.


DNA nanostructures have been widely explored as an encouraging tool for bioanalysis and cancer therapy due to its structural programmability and good biocompatibility. The incorporation of stimulus-responsive modules enables the accurate targeting and flexible control of structure and morphology, which is benefit to precise bioanalysis and therapy. This mini review briefly discusses the advancements in stimuli-responsive DNA nanostructures construction and their applications in biomolecules sensing and cancer treatment.


: Although China has achieved great success in the reform of its medical system, it still faces considerable challenges in national health education, medical and healthcare talent cultivation, and healthcare legal system development. This paper summarizes local and international experiences, analyzes the current situation and challenges, and recommends policies to improve China's national health education, medical and healthcare education, and healthcare legal system. These policy recommendations include: developing a compulsory national health education system, aligning medical education for healthcare talents with social needs, strengthening the development of general practitioners, improving the service level and accessibility of primary medical care, and promoting the incorporation of "Parent Law" into medicine and health. This paper also examines and analyzes the existing medical and healthcare laws and regulations.


Background: Lentil is one of the most significant pulse crops, frequently referred to as "poor man's meat" because of its high protein content and inexpensive price. The present study was assessed for eleven morphological and yield variables to determine genetic variability, correlation and path co-efficients. Methods: The experiment was conducted in a Randomized Complete Block Design using 56 different homogeneous progenies of a spontaneous mutant of lentil variety DPL 62 and four control varieties in triple replica during rabi 2017-18. Result: Significant amount of variability was observed for all the traits. High phenotypic coefficients of variance and genotypic coefficients of variance coupled with high heritability and genetic advance were observed for peduncle length, number of pods per plant, seed width, seed yield per plant suggesting that these traits are genetically controlled by additive gene action. Seed yield per plant exhibited significant positive association with number of branches/plant and number of pods/plant while number of pods/plant revealed highest positive direct effect on seed yield per plant followed by 100-seed weight, number of branches per plant, days to maturity and leaflet breadth. Therefore, selection for these characters will directly lead to improvement in the yielding ability of lentil genotypes.


A hightech product such as the CD would appear to offer the ideal basis for production of pure, high-quality recyclates. For ecological and economic reasons, this aim can only be achieved in practice by establishing high-volume flows of waste product and manufacturing scrap and developing a specially tailored recycling technology.


With many developments among scholars in the world, one school of thoughts believe CSR should be used mainly as a social endeavor and the others think it should be linked to the corporate strategy for financial performance. In this context, this paper aims to observe how strategic approach of CSR initiatives leads to sustainability. The reason for this is that a developing country like Sri Lanka needs CSR projects to sustain and to achieve the set objectives instead just getting involved with philanthropic or charitable activities. The strategic antecedents recognized in this model are resource mobilization, market development and customer satisfaction and the study attempts to identify the core strategic focus of those in building CSR initiatives for sustainability. Accordingly, total of 360 shareholders/investors and managers among 40 corporates who were involved in CSR activities during 05 years after a long civil war in Sri Lanka was sampled. It has found that implementing CSR initiatives strategically aiming both resource mobilization and market development tend to support sustainability of those initiatives but aiming customer orientation has less impact otherwise. In conclusion, it is advisable for corporates to approach CSR initiatives strategically gaining a return to both the society and for them and also it is important that governments too support those initiatives in rebuilding process. Keywords : strategic CSR, sustainability, rebuilding, resource mobilization and market development.


15 Character strengths have been found to be substantially related to children's and adolescents' well16 being. Initial evidence suggests that they also matter for school success (e.g., Weber and Ruch, 17 2012). The present set of two studies aimed at replicating and extending these findings in two 18 different age groups, primary school students (N = 179; mean age = 11.6 years) and secondary school 19 students (N = 199; mean age = 14.4 years). The students completed the VIA-Youth, a self-report 20 measure of the 24 character strengths in the VIA classification. Their teachers rated the students' 21 positive behavior in the classroom. Additionally, school achievement was assessed: For the primary 22 school students (Study 1), teachers rated the students' overall school achievement and for the 23 secondary school students (Study 2), we used their grades as a measure of school achievement. We 24 found that several character strengths were associated with both positive classroom behavior and 25 school achievement. Across both samples school achievement was correlated with love of learning, 26 perseverance, zest, gratitude, hope, and perspective. The strongest correlations with positive 27 classroom behavior were found for perseverance, self-regulation, prudence, social intelligence, and 28 hope. For both samples, there were indirect effects of most of the character strengths on school 29 achievement through teacher-rated positive classroom behavior. The converging findings from the 30 two samples support the notion that character strengths contribute to positive classroom behavior, 31 which in turn enhances school achievement. Results are discussed in terms of their implications for 32 future research and for school interventions based on character strengths. 33 34 1. Introduction 35 School achievement is substantially linked with later life outcomes (for an overview, see e.g. 36 Duckworth and Allred, 2012). Behavior in the classroom was found to predict later academic 37 achievement (Alvidrez and Weinstein, 1999) and also important life outcomes in education and the 38 Wagner
  &
  Ruch

   Good
  character
  at
  school


In this paper, we calculate the kinetic energy of a holon-defect bound state in an RVB wave function. We evaluate lower order moments of the holon density of states. From this calculation, we find that a lowering of the kinetic energy occurs compared to the undistorted RVB state.


Departmental budget is the main form of public budgets and the popularly adopted budgeting method in marketing economy.The departmental budgeting renovation of our country has been widely carried out.Departme- ntal budget renovation in higher institutions comprises an important part of fiscal public expenditure renovation.T- his essay is to study the stategies on how to stipulate rules,how to organize,how to plan and how to promote the r- enovation.


This project seeks to demonstrate the feasibility of creating a children's restaurant through Charaben Bento technique in the north of Quito.
Currently there are many restaurants in the area where it sells fast food, for that reason nowadays are creating a need of healthy food for children, where sells nutritious foods that contribute to the growth of the same, which is why this project is created to a market segment of 5-11 years old.


One of the effective strategies for designing a muscle-driven humanoid robot that obtains dynamic motion such as jumping is by referring arrangement of muscles in the human body. In order to design a robot that realizes higher performance for vertical jumping, a robot that has hip, knee, and ankle joint equipping not only six monoarticular muscles but also three biarticular muscles is adopted, and the effect of the biarticular muscles on vertical jumping is investigated. In the experiment, robots with/without biarticular muscles are adopted, and an optimized parameter set including the firing period and delay of each muscle is searched using a stochastic searching algorithm. By comparing the performance of the two types of robot models under some sets of conditions, we found that the biarticular muscles relatively contribute to the generation of a vertical ground reaction force for a vertical jumping.


The Susquehanna River Basin Commission (SRBC) continuously monitors water chemistry in select watersheds in the Susquehanna River Basin undergoing shale gas drilling activity. Initiated in 2010, 58 monitoring stations are included in the Remote Water Quality Monitoring Network (RWQMN). Specific conductance, pH, turbidity, dissolved oxygen, and temperature are continuously monitored and additional water chemistry parameters (metals, nutrients, radionuclides, etc.) are collected at least four times a year. These data provide a baseline dataset for smaller streams in the basin, which previously had little or no data. The two parameters most commonly used as indicators of shale gas drilling activities are specific conductance and turbidity. Any spills or leaks of flowback water from the drilling process can impact the specific conductance of a stream, while the infrastructure (roads and pipelines) needed to make drilling possible in remote watersheds may adversely impact stream sediment loads. The monitoring stations were grouped by Level III ecoregion with specific conductance and turbidity analyzed using box plots. Based on available data, land use, permitted dischargers, and geology appear to play the greatest role with influencing turbidity and specific conductance. In order to determine if shale gas drilling and the associated development activities are impacting monitored streams, SRBC completed trend analyses on three stations with three years of continuous monitoring data. The analyses showed mixed results, with specific conductance and turbidity showing a decreasing This publication is a summary of the full report, which is available on SRBC's web site at mdw.srbc.net/remotewaterquality/. Photo: Little Pine Creek, Lycoming County, Pa. Contact: Dawn Hintz Environmental Scientist/Database Analyst Phone: (717) 238-0423 Email: email@example.com trend at Choconut Creek, and pH and temperature showing an increasing trend at Hammond Creek. Dissolved oxygen did not show a trend at any of the stations and Meshoppen Creek did not show a trend with any parameters. The natural gas well density varies within the watersheds; Choconut Creek has no drilling activity, the Hammond Creek Watershed has less than one well per square mile, and the well density in the Meshoppen Creek Watershed is almost three times that of Hammond Creek. Although the analyses were only performed on three stations, the results show the importance of collecting enough data to properly characterize conditions in these previously unmonitored watersheds, recognizing the range of factors that can influence water quality conditions. SRBC • 4423 N. Front St. • Harrisburg, PA 17110 • 717-238-0423 • 717-238-2436 Fax • www.srbc.net


BACKGROUND
Since lips have a significant role in facial aesthetic perception, lip augmentation is an increasingly popular aesthetic procedure.

OBJECTIVE
To evaluate aesthetic improvement and facial dynamics with hyaluronic acid (HA) fillers in the lips and perioral region at 8 weeks after the last treatment compared to pre-treatment.

METHODS AND MATERIALS
In this open-label study, all subjects received HARK in the lips, and an additional group also received HARR and/or HARD in nasolabial folds (NLFs) and marionette lines (MLs). Assessments included aesthetic improvement, naturalness of facial expressions, perception of age, and lip texture.

RESULTS
Nineteen subjects received HARK only; 40 received HARK and HARR and/or HARD. The primary objective was met. All subjects experienced aesthetic improvement in lip fullness at week 8. The investigators also reported aesthetic improvement in all subjects. For the majority of subjects, aesthetic improvement was associated with maintenance of natural and youthful facial expressions, and improved lip texture. Most treatment-emergent adverse events were mild; none were serious.

CONCLUSION
HARK is a well-tolerated and effective treatment for enhancing lip fullness, maintaining naturalness and youthfulness of facial expressions, and smoothing lip texture, whether used alone or in combination with HARR/ HARD in the NLFs and/or MLs. J Drugs Dermatol. 20(4): 402-408. doi:10.36849/JDD.2021.5525.


Due to its inherent sense of security and non-intrusive features, Iris recognition can be highly suitable for various authentication purposes. Moreover, the process involves applying different mathematical pattern recognition techniques to Iris images of individuals, where its intricate random patterns are regarded as unique and may be observed at a certain distance. Nowadays, Iris recognition plays a crucial rule in a number of organizations, for instance, government institutions, for various objectives, such as authentication and identification purposes. Furthermore, Iris recognition technique considerably increases the accuracy of personal authentication with respect to other biometric techniques. On the other hand, a large number of invasions can potentially weaken different biometric systems, in particular, the Iris-based systems are quite susceptible to direct invasions, for example, fake Iris presentation to a sensor, where one is attempting to access the system in place of a valid user. Therefore, due to its ability to distinguish a very large number of fake Iris samples, Liveness detection can be considered as the most appropriate and essential technique in order to reach a higher level of reliability in terms of Iris recognition. In this study, Iris Liveness detection is fully assessed to enhance the accuracy of different biometric systems using Iris images.


Errors-in-variables models are statistical models in which not only dependent but also independent variables are observed with error, i.e. they exhibit a symmetrical model structure in terms of noise. The application field for these models is diverse including computer vision, image reconstruction, speech and audio processing, signal processing, modal and spectral analysis, system identification, econometrics and time series analysis. This paper explores applying the errors-in-variables approach to parameter estimation of discrete-time dynamic linear systems. In particular, a framework is introduced in which a preliminary separation step is applied to group observations prior to parameter estimation. As a result, instead of one, two sets of estimates are derived simultaneously, comparing which can yield estimates for noise parameters. The proposed approach is compared to other schemes with simulation examples.


Judaism, which relies on the Torah for its written law, has had a great impact on marketing and business. The Torah is replete with precepts dealing with business, and the Talmud, the source of Jewish oral law, elaborates and expands Torah law. The process is ongoing, and rabbinical authorities today build on the decisions of their predecessors to apply Jewish law to modern problems. Some of the issues examined in this article include honesty in the marketplace, fair pricing, employer-employee relations, and environmental issues. Jewish law is not only concerned with practical legal advice but in encouraging individuals to go beyond the requirements of the law and practice the "way of the pious." Judaism does not have a negative attitude toward business and wealth—indeed, most of the Talmudic sages had occupations, and some were quite wealthy—but riches must be acquired honestly and used to help the poor, the needy, and the stranger.


Is there perspective of the creation in the work developed under standards and strict rules and time pressure? This paper aims to analyze the experience of the air traffic controllers, by analyzing the data carried out with air traffic controllers in Sao Paulo and Rio de Janeiro. These activity is developed using process, images and mental representations There is effort and commitment to develop this activity to account for an employment density. But, when it is analyzing the air traffic controllers in their activity, it verify some actions to improve the activity. These strategies are developed based on structure of guidance and knowledge network to create another process, which is appropriate by the workers. Such strategies can be considered as creation.


Turbidity (T) is the most ubiquitous of surrogate technologies used to estimate suspended‐sediment concentration (SSC). The effects of sediment size on turbidity are well documented; however, effects from changes in particle size distributions (PSD) are rarely evaluated. Hysteresis in relations of SSC‐to‐turbidity (SSC∼T) for single stormflow events was observed and quantified for a dataset of 195 concurrent measurements of SSC, turbidity, discharge, velocity, and volumetric PSD collected during five stormflows in 2009–2010 on Yellow River at Gees Mill Road in metropolitan Atlanta, Georgia. Regressions of SSC‐normalized turbidity (T/SSC) on concurrently measured PSD percentiles show an inverse, exponential influence of particle size on turbidity that is not constant across the size range of the PSD. The majority of the influence of PSD on T/SSC is from particles of fine silt and smaller sizes (finer than 16 µm). This study shows that small changes in the often assumed stability of the PSD are significant to SSC∼T relations. Changes of only 5 µm in the fine silt and smaller size fractions of suspended sediment PSD can produce hysteresis in the SSC∼T rating that can increase error and produce bias. Observed SSC∼T hysteresis may be an indicator of changes in sediment properties during stormflows and of potential changes in sediment sources. Trends in the PSD time series indicate that sediment transport is capacity limited for sand‐sized sediment in the channel and supply limited for fine silt and smaller sediment from the hillslope.


This paper presents a physically consistent approach to modify black-oil PVT tables for (1) eliminating, in some cases, socalled negative compressibilities, (2) extrapolating saturated and undersaturated properties to conditions beyond the limits of original PVT tables, and (3) guaranteeing physical consistency of gas and oil properties as a critical condition is approached. For a number of reasons a black-oil PVT table may contain inconsistencies that result in non-physical behavior in reservoir simulators, sometimes leading to slow run times and, sometimes, premature run termination. Physical inconsistencies can even arise when the black-oil PVT table is created by a physically-consistent EOS model. Black-oil behavior can also be inconsistent as a result of the method used to create the tables – e.g. correlations, conversion of laboratory data, or using EOS models where gas and oil phases are not in thermodynamic equilibrium. Three main methods are developed in the paper. First, an analysis of negative compressibilities is given and an approach to eliminate the problem is proposed. Negative compressibilities can arise because derivatives are held constant from one pressure table point to the next, inconsistent with the pressure-dependent evaluation of properties themselves. The second contribution of our paper is a method to extrapolate an existing black-oil table to higher saturation pressures than found in the original table. Extrapolation is possible to any higher pressure – including a critical ("convergence") pressure where phase properties become identical. The proposed method uses a piecewise-linear loglog relationship between black-oil (surface gas and surface oil) K-values and pressure. Our final contribution is a consistent method to calculate saturated and undersaturated black-oil PVT properties at interior and extrapolated pressures to those in the original table. A cubic EOS and the LBC viscosity correlation methods are used to provide physical consistency, even approaching a critical condition where gas and oil properties must become equal. Introduction Sometimes black-oil reservoir simulators take unexpectedlylarge CPU time and experience numerical instability due to "problem" PVT data – e.g. physically-inconsistent or illbehaved input, or "fill-in" data (in this paper, the black-oil PVT data are divided in two groups – input and fill-in data. All PVT data in the input table are termed as input data and all calculated (interpolated and extrapolated) PVT data are termed as fill-in data. Thus the fill-in data includes both interpolated and extrapolated data). The problem may be more pronounced for near critical fluid systems, but "bad" black-oil PVT data can be found for even the simplest fluid system. In this study, different types of consistency checks of the black-oil PVT data are described. An existing black-oil PVT table may need to be extrapolated to higher saturation pressures. A method to extrapolate an existing table is described. The extrapolation of the fluid (which is defined by RS or rs) is based on K-values of the surface oil and surface gas. In the paper, the fluids are divided in two groups – input fluids and extrapolated fluids. The fluid is termed "extrapolated" fluid if the solution Rs (or rs) is higher than the maximum solution Rs (or rs) in the input table. An EOS based method is used to calculate saturated and undersaturated fill-in data. The fill-in data are calculated both for input and extrapolated fluids. The LBC correlation is used to calculate oil and gas viscosities. Consistency Checks The conditions of physical and "numerical" consistency are defined for black-oil PVT tables. In general, physical consistency guarantees numerical consistency – i.e. reservoir simulation model stability with respect to phase and volumetric calculations. However, for near-critical conditions we have found that model stability is sometimes jeopardized by PVT properties with large pressure derivatives – e.g. dRs/dp and drs/dp. The reason for model instability may be the fill-in method, or it may be due to inadequate numerical methods. Our approach for checking consistency is rigorous numerical checks. The numerical checks include three types – 1. Basic Physical Consistency SPE 109596 Consistent Black-Oil PVT Table Modification Kameshwar Singh, SPE, PERA, Øivind Fevang, SPE, E.ON Ruhrgas, Curtis H. Whitson, SPE, NTNU/PERA


The IETF has embraced IPv6 as the next-generation Internet protocol,
but global IPv4 deployment continues in private addressing domains
behind Network Address Translators (NATs). This document envisions a
long-term IPv6/IPv4 coexistence, with IPv6 addresses serving as
identifiers (and sometimes also locators) and IPv4 addresses serving
as locators (and sometimes also identifiers). This document proposes
an architectural framework for IPv6/IPv4 coexistence called: "IPvLX
(IP with virtual Link Extension)".


Mathematical model to compute erosion and deposition in a vicinity of a breakwater was developed. Model can satisfactorily predict shape of eroded shoreline at downcoast area of a breakwater after model calibration and verification. Two approaches to control coastal erosion at downcoast area of a breakwater which are construction of offshore breakwaters and beach nourishment were studied to quantify their effectiveness using the present model.


Engineering methods play an important role in the planning and evaluation of demand-side management (DSM) programs. Fundamental decisions on the technologies to include in programs, which programs are cost effective, and what customer rebate or incentive levels should be offered often rest on the results of engineering calculations. However, impact evaluations, which measure actual DSM program savings have shown that engineering estimates are sometimes inaccurate in predicting the level of savings that a DSM program will realize. The purpose of this handbook is to improve the state-of-the-art in estimating DSM program savings with engineering methods. The handbook focuses on the use of the building energy simulation programs ASEAM, BLAST, COMTECH, DOE-2, ESPRE, and micro-AXCESS. A description of each program is presented, along with a comparison of their respective strengths and weaknesses. Information on general modeling techniques, development of prototype building models, model calibration, and measure combination analysis is presented. Specific techniques are provided for modeling the performance of common residential and commercial technologies, including lighting, appliances, water heating, weatherization, HVAC, cool storage, motors and refrigeration. This handbook was written for utility DSM program managers responsible for program design and implementation, and utility personnel directly responsible for preparing engineering estimates.


This paper describes the concept for the design and maximum power point tracking control for an interior permanent magnet synchronous generator wind turbine system. Two design concepts are compared to outline the effect of magnet design on the performance of the interior permanent magnet synchronous generator. An approximate model that includes the effect of core losses has been developed for the machine to simulate the dynamic performance of the wind energy system. An algorithm for Maximum Power Point Tracking control is included to describe the process for maximum power extraction.


In this paper we present a new test bench called micro-OBIC used to characterized wide band gap semi-conductor. Micro-OBIC allows to get an Optical Beam Induced Current (OBIC) signal with a microscopic spatial resolution. We used micro-OBIC to characterize peripheral protection such as MESA, JTE or JTE in high voltage SiC device.


Jospin's implication through his gestures is considered on the basis of six television news (1997-1998) from three points of view : autoreference, interaction and his function as Prime minister. The study reveals a duality between private and artificial person by a coherent use of right and left hands. The quantitative and qualitative analysis of the ten most frequent gestures demonstrates how Jospin conceives his function. This study shows how coverbal gesturing may reflect nonverbal thought


Abstract Down to Earth: Applying Business Principles to Environmental Management, by Forest L. Reinhardt. Boston, MA: Harvard Business School Press. 2000. Clothbound. 291 pages. $29.95. ISBN 1–57851–192–5. Eco-Efficiency: The Business Link to Sustainable Development, by Livio D. DeSimone and Frank Popoff. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. 2000. Paperback. 306 pages. $17.95. ISBN 0–262–54109–2. Managing the Environment, Managing Ourselves: A History of American Environmental Policy, by Richard N. L. Andrews. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press. 1999. Paperback. 463 pages. $30.00. ISBN 0–300–07795–5. Acting Locally: Concepts and Models for Service-learning in Environmental Studies, edited by Harold Ward. Washington, DC: American Association for Higher Education. 1999. Paperback. 214 pages. $28.50, or $24.50 for ACHE members. ISBN 1–56377–013–X. Drowning the Dream: California's Water Choices at the Millennium, by David Carle. Westport, CT: Praeger Press. 2000. Hardback. 235 pages. $45.00. ISBN 0–275–96719–0. Communication Skills for Conservation Professionals, by Susan K. Jacobson. Washington, DC: Island Press. 1999. Paperback. 356 pages. $27.50. ISBN 1–55963–509–6. Environmental Connections: A Teacher's Guide to Environmental Studies, by Kathleen B. deBettencourt, Matthew Feeney, A. Nicole Barone, and Keith White, for the Environmental Literacy Council. Dubuque, IA: Kendall-Hunt. 2000. Paperback. 196 pages, plus index. $21.95. ISBN 0–7872–7105–5. Evaluating Environmental Education, by Karel Stokking, Lisette van Aert, Wiem Meijberg, and Anneke Kaskens. 1999. IUCN Commission on Education and Communication. Available from IUCN Publication Services Unit, 219c Huntingdon Road, Cambridge, CB3 0DL United Kingdom. ISBN 2–8317–0499–5. Facts, Not Fear: Teaching Children About the Environment (Rev. ed.), by Michael Sanera and Jane S. Shaw. Washington, DC: Regnery Publishing, 1999. Paperback. $12.95. ISBN 0–89526–293–2.


Abstract In many real-world situations, there are a fraction of defective items in a received lot whose quality should be evaluated before storage. In this article, we address the joint ordering, pricing, and inspection planning problem for a retailer facing price-sensitive demand and stochastic supply lead-time. The fraction of nonconforming items in a received lot follows a beta distribution and the buyer considers different kinds of inspection policies that include no inspection, inspection and sampling. Moreover, a novel non-linear optimization model is developed in order to determine optimal ordering, pricing and inspection policies. An analytical solution procedure based on mathematical properties of the model is proposed to find optimal decision variables. Numerical studies are conducted in order to show the applicability of the developed model and effectiveness of the proposed algorithms.


The authors studied the effect of injection pressure on nonevaporating spray and spray flame characteristics of biodiesel fuel injected by a common rail injection system in a constant volume combustion vessel. Two biodiesels, biodiesel from palm oil (BDFp) and biodiesel from cooked oil (BDFc) were investigated, including JIS#2 Diesel. Mie scattering technique was employed to investigate nonevaporating spray characteristics. High-speed direct photography and two-color pyrometry were applied for spray flame characteristics. Injection pressures of 100, 200, and 300 MPa and ambient environment typical of diesel engine were used. Nonevaporating spray result showed that biodiesel fuels give longer spray tip penetrations and narrower spray angles especially for BDFp. Integrated flame luminosity of BDFp and BDFc show lower values compared to that of diesel at injection pressure of 100 MPa, and integrated flame luminosity of BDFp and BDFc is even lower than that of diesel at injection pressures of 200 and 300 MPa. Flame luminosity area follows a similar trend as that of integrated flame luminosity. Two-color pyrometry measurements show that the integrated KL factor of BDFp and BDFc yields smaller values than that of diesel at injection pressure of 100 MPa, and BDFp and BDFc present even lower values of integrated KL factors than diesel at injection pressure of 200 MPa. At an injection pressure of 300 MPa, the soot formation is extremely low for BDFp and BDFc. This indicates that the effect of soot reduction by using BDFp and BDFc is increased at high injection pressures. Flame luminosity and KL factor show the same trend at each injection pressure. Flame temperatures of BDFp and BDFc are lower than that of diesel at injection pressures of 100 and 200 MPa. BDFp and BDFc give higher flame temperature than diesel at injection pressure of 300 MPa. A simplified estimate for fuel jet air entrainment was made to interpret trends between different fuels and injection pressures. Analysis indicates that oxygen from fuel molecule plays a significant role on soot formation propensity at injection pressures of 200 and 300 MPa, and poor spray atomization and low mixing rate prohibit the effect of fuel molecule oxygen on soot reduction at injection pressure of 100 MPa. Combination of nonevaporating spray and spray combustion measurements provides a unique opportunity to understand the difference of spray flame characteristics between biodiesels and diesel fuel.


The inductive effect of substituents at the chiral centres in a series of biphenyls does not affect the helical twist sense and the sign of spontaneous polarization.


Peracetylated sugars (glucose, mannose, galactose) were attached via a thiourea linker to the e-amino group of α-BOC-lysine and α-Z-lysine. After transformation to the N-carboxyanhydride (NCA), the product was copolymerized with both PEGylated lysine-NCA and e-TFA-lysine-NCA by both tertiary amine and nickel complex catalysts. The resulting statistical copolypeptides are water-soluble after global deprotection and show an α-helical secondary structure. Fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) was then coupled to the free e-NH2 groups of the lysine repeating units. The galactosylated fluorescent peptides are specifically incorporated in human T lymphocytes at 37 °C, as shown by flow cytometry and fluorescence microscopy. Therefore they are potentially useful for selective staining of cells or targeted drug delivery.


The signal properties of radio frequency (rf) (SQUIDs) based on YBa2Cu3O7−x symmetrical 30° and asymmetrical 45° grain-boundary Josephson junctions have been experimentally investigated. Both amplitude as well as phase detection have been used to read out the SQUID output signal. Comparison of the SQUID output signals to each other is given. It is shown that peculiarities of the rf SQUID response of SQUIDs with a 45° grain-boundary Josephson junction are consistent with an unconventional current-phase relation (CPR) of the Josephson junction, namely, the CPR contains a finite amplitude of the second harmonic.


It is the improvement of the practice and theory of teaching that calls for the new world view,new ways of thinking and value orientation in pedagogy.As the foundation of the theory,the philosophy of teaching has got its unique history and logic,distinctive characters,explicit object,basic boundary and fundamental theory,which enable it act as the propeller,guidance in opinion and methodological support in the subject construction of modern pedagogy.


PURPOSE: To make it easy to attach a separating device to a circuit breaker without deteriorating safety. CONSTITUTION: A separating device includes a main unit secured to a low voltage circuit breaker and a contact-holder removably mounted in the main unit. The contact-holder 25 can be extracted from the main unit 23 and has a notch or hook 39 by which it is fixed in an intermediate separating position in association with an abutment 43 so as to be immobile. COPYRIGHT: (C)1994,JPO


Crude bacterial collagenase is essential for the enzymatic isolation of cells from the membranous bone of neonatal mouse calvaria. We have employed the newly developed methodology of fast protein liquid chromatography (FPLC) to separate and quantify the isozymes of collagenase so that their role in the enzymatic isolation of cells might be determined. FPLC resolved as many as six protein peaks in less than 30 min using a single anion exchange column and separated collagenase isozymes into two classes. The Class I isozymes had a preference for the substrate Azocoll, a denatured collagen substrate, and the Class II isozymes had a preference for Hexapeptide, a synthetic substrate. Two preparations of chromatographically purified collagenase (CGN‐A and CGN‐B) were tested for their ability to release viable cells from bone. Both preparations of purified collagenase completely digested the calvaria in 120 min. The total cell yield obtained with CGN‐A was 0.34 million cells per calvarium. The yield obtained with CGN‐B was 1.01 million cells per calvarium. Each preparation of purified collagenase was analyzed using FPLC. CGN‐A contained only Class I collagenase isozymes, whereas CGN‐B contained a mixture of both Class I and Class II isozymes. The collagenase isozymes of CGN‐B were separated by FPLC and then combined in a 4:1 ratio of Class II:Class I isozymes. Utilization of FPLC‐separated collagenase isozymes for the cell isolation increased the total cell yield to 1.50 million cells/calvarium. We have concluded that there are many combinations of collagenase isozymes that will completely digest the extracellular matrix of bone. However, only a combination which favors the Class II isozymes will result in a low rate of cell destruction and high cell yields.


Objective To analyze the clinical efficacy of intracranial self-expandable stent for symptomatic anterior circulation arterial stenosis.Methods The Gateway-Wingspan stent system for treatment of 23 cases of arterial stenosis placed 18 Wingspan stents and the remaining 5 patients were only expanded with Gateway balloon.Results The mean stenosis rate changes from pre-expand 79.4% to post-expand 22%.One case of arterial dissected during operation,and two cases of restenosis,one cases of newly-issued infarct.during the follow-up period.Conclusion Gateway-Wingspan stent system for treatment of intracranial arterial stenosis has a high technical success rate.


China is the biggest international anti dumping victim at present. After China's accession to the WTO,how to respond to the anti dumping charges against China has become one of the major questions that Chinese enterprises and goverment pay attention to. Based on the analysis of the present situation and causes of anti dumping cases, this paper puts forward some suggestions in China's taking measures to cope with the anti dumping accusation.


On this World AIDS Day, Marco Scalvini and Chris Parkes describe how their new oral history project aims to create a new digital archive that will help researchers better understand the early AIDS epidemic and the new model of therapeutic alliance that emerged, in particular. Oral history is an effective research method to explore and analyse the historical and cultural contexts, interactions, and narratives of those either affected by or responding to HIV/AIDS. However, policymakers and caregivers remain reluctant to consider developing new services or treatments based on oral narratives.


possibly by contributing to the synthesis of cell membranes via phosphocholine. The metabolism of choline is closely linked to that offolic acid and methionine and it is possible that maternal diets deÞcient in any one of these components may impact on the availability ofcholine or phosphocholine in the fetal brain. The aim of the present study was to measure choline and phosphocholine concentrations inthe fetal brain of rats fed B vitamin deÞcient diets.Pregnant rats were fed one of Þve experimental diets; complete diet (Control), deÞcient in folic acid (-F), deÞcient in folic acid and lowin choline (-F LC), deÞcient in folic acid and low in methionine (-F LM) or one deÞcient in all three key methyl donors, folic acid, cholineand methionine (-F LM LC) and for comparison one group of animals were fed the stock diet (Stock)


The paper describes the design procedure of the energy source for small "hybrid" electric car (E-car). The energy source of E-car consists of fuel cell stack and the Li-Fe-PO battery pack. The "hybrid" means that the fuel cell provides continues value of traction power, and the peak power, necessary for acceleration, are supplied with relatively small battery. The article also discusses energy-flow simulations useful for determination of the optimal power of the fuel cell. They are based on European EC15 profile defined for city traffic operation. Finally the real construction of the whole system build-in in E-car is described.


MUMPS IS USUALLY CONSIDERED to be an acute, self-limited infectious disease with a high morbidity but low mortality. The disease is generalized and manifests itself in such areas as the parotid gland, the gonads and the pancreas; involvement of the nervous system can be seen as meningitis, encephalitis, myelitis or polyradiculitis. The incidence of mumps meningitis is quite common, whereas mumps encephalitis and mumps myelitis are relatively uncommon and the occurrence of both together is rare and often fatal. In 1956, Miller and coworkers' reviewed the literature and found only 27 cases of mumps encephalitis since 1934; myelitis was a feature in two of these cases. Scheid,2 in his review of the literature in 1961, reported 17 cases of myelitis without encephalitis. The case here reported was one of severe mumps encephalitis and myelitis following obvious bilateral parotid gland infection, with complete functional recovery.


Through what we have come across from the narrations included in those documents that we have adopted and are directly concerned with the subject that we are writing about, we have seen the impact of the political and social factor and the individual interest in supporting the history movement that established the existence of Khamisiyyah. To create a state of cohesion, which led to Britain moving as an occupying country to exploit important outlets after they felt the importance of Al-Khamisia, and the resulting thinking led to Hamad Al-Khamisi becoming a strong ally to consolidate the aspirations and goals of the British, and the consequent changes in this matter. .


Multiband synthetic aperture radar (SAR) is beginning to join the suite of spectral data sets available for feature discrimination and classification. For myriad practical applications, it is useful to quantify how well multiband SAR performs on its own, and how well it performs compared to and in conjunction with visual and infrared (IR) wavelength band sets. This paper examines these issues in the context of land use determination for a rural area in California's Central Valley, using multifrequency, multipolarization imagery from the NASA/JPL Airborne Imaging Radar (AIR). A supervised classification of the major terrain types is used to assess the performance of the AIR bands. Also, the best band combinations for feature discrimination are selected from a combined band set containing AIR, visual wavelength, and IR bands.


The expected rates for charm-tagged jet photoproduction are evaluated for a number of tagging procedures, and some of the physics potential is discussed. Charm in jets is tagged using $D^*$'s, $\mu$'s, or tracks from secondary vertices which might be identified in a microvertex detector. We find high expected event rates, leading to the possibility of placing strong constraints on the kinematics of charm production and on the gluon content of the proton and the charm content of the photon.


The paper studies theoretical and practical issues aimed at development of foreign language professional communicative competence of Master Degree students in technical university. The terms cooccurrence and collocation are defined according to the linguo-didactic approach. The key characteristics of collocations are described. The basic difficulties of collocation usage in native and foreign discourse are discussed. The author highlights the idea that special methods are to be used in the classroom environment to study collocations. The author defines and describes frequently used models of collocation usage in the corpus of professional texts. Software Sketch Engine was used to define the models of collocation usage. The author introduces the definition of foreign language collocation competence as a part of foreign language communicative competence. Studying professional discourse, the author classifies general scientific terms and professional term collocations. The education resources and special exercises for enhancement of foreign language collocation competence in professional discourse are discussed. The set of exercises in the textbook includes two blocks. Lexico-grammatical block studies phrases and sentences and topical block introduces texts. Thus, linguo-didactic approach is applied.


Users seek direct answers to complex questions from large open-domain knowledge sources like the Web. Open-domain question answering has become a critical task to be solved for building systems that help address users' complex information needs. Most open-domain question answering systems use a search engine to retrieve a set of candidate documents, select one or a few of them as context, and then apply reading comprehension models to extract answers. Some questions, however, require taking a broader context into account, e.g., by considering low-ranked documents that are not immediately relevant, combining information from multiple documents, and reasoning over multiple facts from these documents to infer the answer. In this paper, we propose a model based on the Transformer architecture that is able to efficiently operate over a larger set of candidate documents by effectively combining the evidence from these documents during multiple steps of reasoning, while it is robust against noise from low-ranked non-relevant documents included in the set. We use our proposed model, called TraCRNet, on two public open-domain question answering datasets, SearchQA and Quasar-T, and achieve results that meet or exceed the state-of-the-art.


The logical reasoning ability of end users of a CD-ROM index was tested, and associations between different levels of this ability and aspects of retrieval performance were assessed. Users'selection of vocabulary and their selection of citations for further examination are both influenced by this ability. Accordingly, the design of information systems should address the effects of logical reasoning on search behavior. In particular, people with lower levels of logical reasoning ability may experience difficulty using systems in which user selectivity plays an important role. Other systems, such as those with ranked output, may decrease the need for users to make selections and would be easier to use for people with lower levels of logical reasoning ability


107Background: About 30 million people in the US report Limited-English Proficiency (LEP). LEP cancer pts are less likely to understand their medical condition(s) and are at increased risk of LHL, ...


The article is devoted to the problem of economic representation of students with different types of moral consciousness. Positive notion of the economic relationship is an expression of psychological safety formed by the individual's interaction with economic conditions of the environment. It was found that positive picture of economic relations sequentially increased in the groups with the types of moral consciousness «flexible pragmatist», «principled humanist» and the highest in the group is "flexible humanist.»


Though sugarcane is an important crop as a base for the agriculture in Okinawa, average harvested area of one farmer is very small. It is only 7,500 square meters. And the farm house that has less than 10,000 square meters make up 80% by number of all farmers. In order to improve the sugarcane yield and encourage stable production, it is important to develop competent farmers as leaders in the region. One of the methods for the developing the regional sugarcane farming is operating an agricultural corporation. The farmer cannot achieve of high productivity by itself. But the productive farmer in the region lease and consolidate the farmland and organize agricultural production corporations, then they can manage large-scale farmland with full mechanization. So they can accomplish the low-cost and high-efficient cultivation in the corporation style. In spite of the managing large-scale farmland, the farm work is poorly managed because the farmers are not accustomed to the corporation management. Thus, the farm work begins late in the season and the optimal timing is missed. It is important to assist these corporations to construct an efficient farming plan. In this study, the information system which supports the business and cultivation management for sugarcane producers was developed. In order to improve the sugarcane yield, agricultural producers are required to manage their work systematically and efficiently. Therefore, it is necessary to accurately comprehend the work that goes on for the rational planning of farming operations. This study is aimed at developing a system for recording farming data and storing the data on the server to build a farm work database automatically. The database constructed the detailed records of the farm work is used for simulating the operation for effective farming.


Various natural biological conduits have been investigated to bridge peripheral nerve injury especially in critical gap (greater than 3 cm in human). Autograft, the current gold standard, has several drawbacks including limited availability of donor graft, donor-site morbidity and mismatch in size in clinical practices. The aim of this study was to analyze the development of nerve conduit using decellularized human umbilical cord (HUC) artery seeded with neurodifferentiated human MSCs (ndMSCs) in bridging peripheral nerve gap. Artery conduits obtained from HUC were decellularized to remove native cells (n=3), then characterized by Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) staining and nuclei counterstaining with DAPI. The decellularized artery conduit was measured for every 2 weeks until 12 weeks. Next, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were differentiated into neural lineage using 400 μg/mL of Centella asiatica. Then, 1.5×106 of MSCs or ndMSCs were seeded into decellularized artery conduit to study cell attachment. H&E staining and nuclei counterstaining with DAPI showed that all cellular components were removed from the HUC arteries. The decellularized artery conduit did not collapse and the lumen remained rigid for 12 weeks. Immunocytochemistry analysis with neural markers namely S100β, P75 NGFR, MBP and GFAP showed that MSCs had differentiated into neural lineage cells. H&E staining showed that the seeded MSCs and ndMSCs attached to the lumen of the conduits as early as 2 days. In conclusion, this study showed that nerve conduit using decellularized HUC artery seeded with neurodifferentiated human MSCs was successfully developed and have the potential to bridge critical nerve gap.


The internal flow field in vortex whistle is simulated by FLUENT.The distributions of internal flow field are obtained.The results show that the internal flow field inside vortex whistle varies with same step and the flow field distributes symmetrically.The flow path is approximation spiral.Along the radial direction The total pressure increases and the resultant velocity increases firstly and then decreases.The resultant velocity,the tangential velocity and the total pressure inside the cavity decrease with the diameter of the cavities,and the radial velocity and the total pressure in the exit tube increases when the diameter of the cavity.However the axial velocity and the tangential velocity do not vary obviously in the whole vortex whistle.


In this tutorial you will learn the basics of working with PDMS, using simple equipment that is inexpensive and widely available. Although more complex devices are not possible without laboratory equipment, you are able to create devices for the controlled mixing of fluids, the creation of droplets of water in oil, and many other applications that would be very difficult without a microfluidic device. We hope this will encourage you to take these techniques back to your home institutions and inspire you to create your own devices!


doi: 10.5216/ree.v12i4.8481 The pressure ulcer (PU) is a health problem that involves a multidisciplinary team of the Intensive Care Unit (ICU), especially the nursing staff. It may aggravate the patient's condition increasing the length of hospitalization. This study assessed the point prevalence and incidence of PU in the Adult ICU of a Public Health service of the Federal District. Descriptive and quantitative study of an observational nature, performed from October/2006 to July/2007. The sample consisted of all clients admitted to the ICU during the collection period and who met the established exclusion criteria. A previously validated mean of data collection was prepared. 57.89% punctual prevalence was identified. The incidence established was of 37.03% confirming the literature. About half of the ulcers appeared between the 2nd and 4th evaluation day. According to the Braden Scale, 55.5% of patients were at high risk of developing pressure ulcers, of which 40% developed it. The results provide information that can help improve the care provided to patients and to implement strategies for reducing these injuries. Descriptors : Pressure ulcer; Intensive Care Units, Nursing; Incidence; Prevalence.


E-learning systems are moving away from monolithic applications towards more open, flexible components, capable of interoperating with other learning components. In spite of the diversity of learning environments, there is a lack of uniformity regarding their basic functionalities. Thus, the establishment of core functionalities represents an issue to the development of learning environments. In a different but related perspective, reference architectures have emerged as an alternative for promoting reuse of design expertise and facilitating the development of E-learning systems. Reference architecture increases the scalability, flexibility and availability of e-learning systems. The objective of this paper is to provide an architecture solutions to personalized e-learning systems using Service-Oriented Cloud Computing Architecture (SOCCA). SOCCA proposes high level designs to better support multi-tenancy feature of cloud computing The proposed architecture is called namely SOCCAPES, is designed to support maximum scalability and high service levels through virtualization and an optimized management environment. It enables new levels of scalability while providing a very cost-effective modular solution.


In the present work we consider morphological structure of the faces of BGO crystals grown by Czochralski technique under the conditions of low temperature gradient (0.1~1 deg/cm) and interconnection between the morphological features of faces at the crystallization front and the formation of defects within the crystal volume. It is demonstrated that the {112} faces retain stability while the growing surface deviates from the crystallographic (112) plane up to 1 degree. At larger deviation, the region of the stable facet growth passes either to the region of macrosteps or to the region of normal growth. depending on conditions.


As you're probably aware, the government recently announced priority coronavirus testing for essential workers, and you may be wondering what that means for you.