Objective:To study the effect of interleukin-18 (IL-18) combined with high dosage vitamin C on viral myocarditis.Methods:85 Balb/C mice infected with Coxsachievirus B3 (CVB3) were divided into four groups at random. 20 cases of them were given periodically murine IL-18(0.1 microg/day. mouse ) for 8 days(group IL-18); 20 case of them were given high dosage vitamin C (200 mg/kg.mouse) for 8 days(group vitamin C); 20 case of them were given IL-18 combined with vitamin C(group combined) and 25 case of them were only given 0.2 ml normal saline (control group). The viral titer of the hearts was detected on day 5 and 8, and the myocardial inflammatory change was observed on pathologic pictures on day 5, 8 and 15.Results:The 14-day survival rate of each treated group was higher than that of the control group (χ210.46, P0.05). But the mice in group combined didn't survive longer than the ones in group IL-18 (χ20.05). Compared with group IL-18 and group vit C, the pathological integral and the viral titer of the hearts of group combined on day 5 and 8 were significantly lower(P0.01). Mice of group combined had less myocardial necrosis and celluar infiltration than those of the other three groups and there was significant difference(P0.01).Conclusions:Both IL-18 and high dosage of vitamin C can prevent virus from damaging myocardium, but the combined use of them is superior to either of them.


Abstract This article presents an experimental investigation on the fretting wear behavior of piezoceramics P51, PSnN5, and PLiS51 against an Si3N4 ceramic ball under air condition. A sphere-on-flat contact pattern is used as the contact model. The influence of displacement amplitude, frequency, and normal force is taken into account. After each test, friction logs are used to determine the contact interface state. A 3D topography measurement instrument is applied to measure the surface morphology and wear volume. Fretting wear on piezoelectric ceramics under different normal loads, frequencies, and displacement amplitudes are summarized through the collection and analysis of experimental data. It is found that, among the three piezoceramics, PLiS51 has the best wear resistance at higher displacement amplitude and frequency and P51 has the best wear resistance at greater normal force.


This paper has discussesd how to supply the relevant informations to the study work of the Chinese Medicine by the hospital library. The library traceing, distinguishing, analysing and checking the problems involve in the study work of the Chinese Medicine. Practice shows that satisfying the requirements of the scientific and technical investigation works of the hospital must be the principal aim of the hospital library. And a proposal of how to integrate the suggestion of the information materials stored in the library.


SUMMARY Consider a collection of individual linear regression models, in which each individual parameter vector is independently drawn from a common multivariate normal distribution and is fixed over successive observations on that individual. Maximum likelihood estimators of the mean and dispersion of the parameters and of the disturbance variance are derived. These estimators yield empirical Bayes estimators of the individual parameter vectors. The properties of the estimators are exhibited in the case where the parameter dispersion is known.


Improved Screening services for Candida auris Some of you may remember the "Record Breakers", a long running children's television programme. It was themed around breaking world records and the lyrics to its theme tune include "If you want to be the best.....dedication's what you need". I was reminded of this song as I read Norman's article outlining how steroid testing has changed over the years. It was his dedication that impressed me. He has spent 46 years studying steroids, a fantastic achievement.


We propose and demonstrate a frequency-agile coherent multiple bands generator based on an asymmetrically-coupled optoelectronic dual-loop framework with recirculating frequency-shifting. The two loops convert two seed signals into different frequency-shifted signals and respectively replace the original seed signals through feedback modulation, achieving repetitive frequency-shifting in the optical- and the electric-domains. When the two loops are coupled through delivering one continuously frequency-shifted light wave into the other loop to participate in the recirculating frequency-shifting, a carrier-frequency agile multiple bands signal is obtained. By properly controlling the parameters of the seed signals and the two optoelectronic loops, highly reconfigurable and coherent multiple bands can be obtained. A proof-of-concept experiment is carried out. Coherent multiband signals with stepped frequency and hopped frequency covering C- and X-bands are generated. Additionally, using the generated signals, a series of microwave imaging experiments under complex electromagnetic interference (EMI) are demonstrated, showing the advantages of the proposed method in anti-interference and high-resolution imaging.


A Controller-Pilot Data Link Communications (CPDLC) interface oriented to Remotely Piloted Aircraft Systems (RPAS) pilots was implemented as part of a synthetic task environment aimed to test the NtoM concept of operations (ConOps). This ConOps was envisioned to support multi-RPAS piloting in non-segregated airspace. Considering a long-term implementation, it assumes a future widespread use of CPDLC, exploiting its full potential to try to reduce the delay in the communication flow associated with unmanned aircraft and any possible added delay that concurrent piloting could add. Designed to be quick and intuitive, the current prototype of this display, on its own, could be used by pilots - of manned or unmanned aircraft - and controllers to practise and get used to the CPDLC message set, composition rules and procedures. Developed using the Data Distribution Service (DDS) standard, it allows the definition of different Quality of Service (QoS) scenarios for data communications, which can be used to train the procedures established for problems arising from faults in communications.


We developed a metamaterial super absorber with sub-5-nanometer gaps and demonstrated its application for record-breaking surface enhanced infrared absorption spectroscopy using its extremely enhanced localized field.


The method involves making an electronic case (13) to directly transmit a synchronization information in the form of a drive clock signal to an electronic case (12). The clock signal is utilized, after its retrieval, for synchronization of a reference frequency of the case (12). A digital value of the signal is established in the case (13). The value is modulated on the clock signal, and the modulated signal is transmitted by the digital value to the case (12). An independent claim is also included for a system for implementing a method for synchronizing electronic devices with wireless connection of electric signals.


Objective To explore attitudes and willingness towards vaginal microbicides use among female sex workers(FSWs) for HIV/AIDS and sexually transmitted infection(STI) prevention,as well as its related factors.Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in Dehong,Yunnan Province,Leshan,Sichuan Province and Shenyang,Liaoning Province from September 2008 to January 2009.A total of 968 FSWs were sampled to participate in face to face interviews.Main outcome variables were measured by microbicide acceptability score with questionnaire,including high-risk sexual behaviors,self-reported condom use,self-reported HIV/STI history and perception of HIV/STI risk,etc.Results Mean score of microbicide acceptability in FSWs was 2.88±0.58.Acceptability score varied by study sites,tier and function of sex establishments,age,educational level,if have asked for and been refused for condom use,experience of HIV testing,concerns about contracting HIV/STI,history of pregnancy and vaginal product experience.Conclusions FSWs might have a positive response to vaginal microbicides use across all hypothetical characteristics in general,indicating microbicides may act as supplements to condom and further,satisfy women's special needs in HIV/STI prevention.


Objective To establish the finite element model of L1~L5 lumbar motion segments with contact theory by self-compiled software and HyperMesh.Method Based on the spine CT continuous images of L1~L5 segments from the healthy volunteer,the three dimensional finite elements model of L1~L5 vertebrae structure was constructed applying self compiled software and HyperMesh,and added with simulating the endplates,joint cartilage intervertebral disc as well as ligament structure.The contact theory was adopted to solve the process between the high and low articular surface surface contacting.Results The three dimensional finite element model with more structure integrity and good geometric similarity was obtained.The simulating results of the physical loading are matched better with the results of the vitro experiment of biomechanics.Conclusions Self-compiled software and HyperMesh improved the speed and accuracy for building finite element model of lumbar motion segment,while the introduction of contact theory could enhance its reliability and authenticity.


Ixodidae are usually oligoxenic or polyxenic, hematophagous, and periodic parasitic arthropods that occur commonly throughout populations of various vertebrate species, including European bison. Little remains known about how host and topical specificity develop. Ticks are usually showing clear preferences in the choice of location at hosts. On large ungulates ticks are usually noted in the inguinal regions, laterally on the body, and neck. However, in bison, the marsh tick Dermacentor reticulatus is usually located at the tops of the pinnas on bison. The areas of bison skin included in the current study were chosen because either ticks were noted in them or there were distinct changes on the skin that indicated that ticks had fed there previously. The changes resulting from the feeding of various tick species were noted and the bison skin thickness in correlation with the sizes of the ticks' mouth parts was analyzed. They stated, that gnathosoma adulti of D. reticulatus it is 1.6 - 1.7 times shorter, than of female I. ricinus . Ticks do, however, exhibit distinct topical specificity during feeding. While the reasons for topical specificity vary, it does appear that in the case of D. reticulatus a significant factor is the correlation between the length of the gnathosoma and the skin thickness of the host, which determines the availability of the circulatory vessels.


This research aims to empower Nepalese and Bangladeshi microfinance institutions (MFIs) to strengthen their microfinance governance. By contrasting the governance structures of MFIs in Bangladesh and Nepal, the study focuses on the corporate governance aspect of MFIs for sustainability. This study adopted an interpretive methodology and a qualitative research design. Internal control, timely internal audit, proper rules and regulations, institutional culture, full compliance with rules and regulations, budget and annual plan review, financial transparency, and board literacy education are the main dimension of corporate governance, broadly influencing MFIs for sustainability. The study found sustainability of MFIs is affected by proper guidelines for operation, effective internal control mechanisms, professional management, board literacy education, financial transparency, the rule of law in operation, institutional culture, and review of budget and achievement. The findings of the study might be applicable to the BFIs, MFIs, regulatory authorities, economist, HR analyst, and planners.


INTRODUCTION :
Medical abortion is a safe effective means of terminating a pregnancy and has been shown to be widely acceptable in both developed and developing countries in all world regions. This method uses pharmacological agents such as mifepristone and misoprostol to expel the contents of the uterus. Used in combination these medications stimulate uterine contractions and causes expulsion of the pregnancy.
Misoprostol alone may be useful where mifepristone is not available. The use of Misoprostol alone at the community and primary care levels has the potential to significantly increase, women's assess to safe abortion.
Considerable saving in resources can be made if routine curettage can be avoided and a medical rather than surgical abortion adopted.
AIM OF THE STUDY :
1. To evaluate the efficacy of single dose 800 μg of vaginal misoprostol in I trimester pregnancy termination.
2. To critically evaluate the percentage of patients needing multiple doses.
3. To study and evaluate the failure rate, complications and side effects with Misoprostol usage.
MATERIALS AND METHODS:
This study was carried out in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Government Rajaji Hospital, Madurai during the period of February 2007 to July 2007.
The purpose of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of single dose 800 μg of vaginal misoprostol in I trimester pregnancy termination.
Patient's Selection Criteria :
50 patients with intra uterine pregnancy up to 12 weeks were randomly selected for the study.
The age group was between 20 to 34 years
Patient with scarred cervix, previous cervical surgery and previous scar in the uterus and with medical or surgical disease were excluded from the study.
Patient informed consent :
Written consent of the patients were taken and if the patient was a minor her parents consent was obtained. Patient was given prophylactic antibiotics.
SUMMARY:
This study was conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Government Rajaji Hospital, Madurai between the period of Feb 2007 to July 2007.
50 patients underwent this study.
In this study, 78%(39/50) of the patients were between age group of 21-29 years.
50%(25/50) were primi gravida and 50%(25/50) were multigravida. Success rate were unaffected by parity.
Majority of the patients were in the gestational age of < 10 weeks
74% of the patients had complete expulsion of products of conception with single dose of 800 ug of vaginal misoprostol
8% of the patients required curettage of the uterine cavity.
18% of the patients required a second dose of 800 ug of vaginal misoprostol.
The mean induction abortion interval was 11.38 hrs.
Out of 50 cases 9 had minor side effects like vomiting and diarrhea.
Hence single dose of vaginal misoprostol (800ug) is found to be effective in I trimester pregnancy termination with minimal side effects.
CONCLUSION :
Vaginal prostaglandin E1 analogue (misoprostol) is a very safe and effective method of termination of I trimester pregnancy.
Single high dose of vaginal misoprostol (800ug) is found to be effective in I trimester pregnancy termination with minimal side effects and shorter duration abortion interval and hospital stay.


Because of significant value of Notational Analysis in sports performance,the authors reviewed the researches within Notational Analysis.At present,it should be prudent to deal with the integration between biomechanics analysis and notational analysis;It needs to recognize the value of significance and creation of information technology on notational analysis;It is key for Notation Analysis to establish a reasonable theoretical frame and at the same time choose feasible method of data processing;It is really important to reinforce the practical utilization of the fruits of Notational Analysis.


The intention of this study was to determine if there is significant relationship between core work values of librarian and their intent to leave. Through non-experimental quantitative research design utilizing descriptive-correlational technique, mean, Pearson r, Regression analysis, and universal sampling technique with one hundred librarians as respondents. The researcher used the core work values questionnaire and intent to leave questionnaire. The study revealed a very high level of core work values of librarians in terms of work to serve the public, work towards common goals, work to the best of abilities, and valuing and respecting each other. The level of intent to leave of the librarians is moderate in terms of perceived alternative employment opportunities, job hopping, and turnover intention. No overall significant relationship was observed between the core work values of librarians and their intent to leave but there were significant relationships in some of their respective indicators. It was noted that among the indicators of core work values, work towards common goals best predicts intent to leave.


Only a few fictional heroes symbolize a supposed national character in the way Cervantes' Don Quijote does in the case of Spain. His adap tation to the ethnic, historical and cultural contexts of the Americas is discussed in this paper, focusing especially on the mechanisms of transtextualization in the short story D. Q. by Ruben Dario (1899), in Terra Nostra by Carlos F uentes (1975), and in Kathy Acker's «post-feminist» novel Don Quixote which was a dream from 1986. These three texts demonstrate that due to the elasticity of the mythologeme Don Quijote, this fictive figure is to function under different ideological and cultural circumstances. It is remarkable that all of the texts go beyond the 19 th century version of Don Quijote, liberating the figure from all the false romantic chivalry and exposing the humanistic ideas of Cervantes' novel which had been left behind following the e nlightenment.


Shot peening for semi-finished or finished parts is a high-performance precision manufacturing process, and the final micro-surface morphology has layered superposition features, that is, the original surface features and shot peening features coexist on the part surface. The existing layered superposition theory is based on the idea that the surface is superimposed under different baselines, but it cannot characterize the two-process surface where the characteristic baseline cannot be separated after shot peening. To solve this problem, a new layered surface superposition modeling method is proposed in this paper with the grinding-shot peening surface as the research object. In this method, the main texture features of the grinding surface are extracted by B-spline surface fitting, and the spatial distribution of craters in the shot peening surface is adjusted by this texture feature. The initial profile of the grinding-shot peening surface is constructed according to the Pawlus superposition theory, and its height parameters are adjusted by the time-frequency iteration method. In this paper, the modeling method is verified by the measured grinding-shot peening surfaces with a coverage of 100% and 200%. The results show that this method can not only ensure the uniformity of crater texture on the reconstructed surface, but also ensure that the maximum error of spatial parameters is less than 2%. Moreover, the symmetrical autocorrelation functions of the reconstructed surface are consistent with the characteristics of the measured surface.


Objective:To study the causes and prevention of the complications of vascular interventional treatment.Methods:34 cases of complications during or after 913 times of interventional treatment procedures were analysed retrospectively. Results:The complications included:skin damaging 6 cases,spinal cord and nerve root injury 5,adverse reactions to contrast media 3,artery dissection 4,tying of the catheter 1,rupture of the catheter tip 1,cerebral thrombosis 1 and puncture site haematoma 11 cases.Conclusion:To operate formally and responsibly are most important to prevent the complications.


It is just over 1()O years since Rontgen discovered Xrays and the Curies isolated radium. In those days, we had not heard of clinical trials, so both were immediately tried out in medicine, That X-rays allowed broken bones to be clearly visualised was an obvious help in setting them. The gamma rays emitted by radium were soon shown to cause regression of growth in some accessible cancers. So by 1914, the great radium Institutes at Stockholm, the Memorial Hospital in New York, the Fondation Curie in Paris and the Holt Radium Institute in Manchester had all been founded. By trial, error and experience the evaluation of the place of radiation in radiodiagnosis and radiotherapy moved quickly forward. I Very soon after the discovery of ionizing radiation, however, serious dangers began to appear. Some of the physicists, physicians and technicians whose whole person was exposed, without knowledge of the need for radiation protection, died from leukaemia, bone marrow failure and solid cancers. Henri Bccqucrcl, who carried his radium needles in his waistcoat pocket, suffered a skin burn on his chest. Such was his enthusiasm for radium that he could only be persuaded to agree that the burn was due to its radiation when he suffered a similar burn after moving the needles to the opposite pocket. Not quite so much was heard of the adverse effects of clinical uses of radiation between 1915 and 1945, this period being taken up with definition of dose, and with discovery of the clinical indications for the use of radiation through experience. It was tried on almost everything from cancer to syphilis. But the nature of radiation damage, and of the different dose levels at


Based on the BL09 terminal of China Spallation Neutron Source (CSNS), single event upset (SEU) cross sections of 14nm fin field-effect transistor (FinFET) and 65nm quad data rate (QDR) static random-access memories (SRAMs) are obtained under different incident directions of neutrons: front, back and side. It is found that, for both technology nodes, the "worst direction" corresponds to the case that neutrons traverse package and metallization before reaching the sensitive volume. The SEU cross section under the "worst direction" is 1.7~4.7 times higher than those under other incident directions. While for multiple-cell upset (MCU) sensitivity, side incidence is the "worst direction", with the highest MCU ratio. The largest MCU for the 14nm FinFET SRAM involves 8 bits. Monte-Carlo simulations are further performed to reveal the characteristics of neutron induced secondary ions and understand the inner mechanisms.


Thirty-two college students were required to learn the relevant dimension in each of two randomized lists of auditorily presented stimuli. The stimuli consisted of seven pairs of CV nonsense syllab...


Pervaporation through zeolite membranes involves local heat effects and combined heat and mass transport. The current state-of-the-art Maxwell–Stefan (M–S) models do not take these effects into account. In this study, transport equations for the coupled heat and mass transport through a zeolite membrane are derived from the framework of non-equilibrium thermodynamics (NET). Moreover, the assumption of equilibrium between the adjacent bulk phases at the feed and permeate sides of the zeolite layer is abandoned in favor of local equilibrium. The equations have been used to model pervaporation of water through a 2 m thick NaA type zeolite membrane, deposited on an asymmetric -alumina support, at a feed temperature of 348 K. Assuming a flux of 10 kg m−2 h−1(0.15 mol m−2 s−1), the transport through the zeolite layer, as well as the liquid feed side boundary layer and the support layers is modeled. The activity, fugacity, and temperature profiles are calculated with and without taking coupling effects and surfaces into account. The profiles show distinct differences between the two cases. Including the surface effects leads to discontinuities in the activity and temperature at the membrane interfaces. A significantly higher temperature drop of 1.3 K is calculated across the zeolite, compared to 0.4 K when surface and coupling effects are not accounted for. The calculated decrease in temperature over the zeolite layer is dominated by the surfaces. This could indicate that temperature polarization is, to a large extent, a surface effect. The heat flux induces an extra driving force for mass transport, reducing the activity difference over the membrane. A positive jump in activity is observed at the interfaces, revealing the mass transport across the interfaces is governed by the coupling with the heat flux. The support layers contribute significantly rt res to the total mass transpo


it has been done a lot of studies about the technology of the chromium- aventurine glass, however, this article only treats it in brief. The analyses to the crystals in chromium- aventurine glass in different papers are in their points and they disagree with each other. This article puts its emphasis on the tests of the crystals in chromium- aventurine glass to assure the composition of the crystal mines.


Height and speed is the basic element of basketball sports,the development of both not only has significant influence on modern basketball technique,tactics and principle,but also the modern basketball development trend.The modern basketball development tends to the increase of height and speed,and competition shows the high speed and height advantage.Since the time of Wilt Chamberlain in 1960,this trend tends to obvious.The height and speed is the main direction of basketball sports and scientific research.This paper tries to make deeply analysis on it and explains the development rule of basketball sports from the prospect of history.


India has been struggling with pollution with the increase in population day by day. In fact, as per the World Economic Forum in February 2020, India became the sixth out of 10 world's most air-polluted cities. On March 24, 2020. India has declared initially lockdown 1 i.e. 21 days amid the extent of the dangerous Corona Virus (Covid-19), it is the largest lockdown in the world encompassing 130 crores of population. With that several people were at their houses, traffic has been drastically decreased, construction and factories are stopped for a while during this lockdown, foremost to a significant reduction in smog as well as the air pollution. Given that, we have studied the environmental pollution in metropolitan cities of India during the first lockdown. The pollution and smog in the air were dropped drastically in all metro cities because of the lockdown in India


The graduation work proposes a methodology for the design of the inner structure of an intelligent agent based on the BDI paradigm, identifying beliefs, desires and intentions that are wanted for the agent to work with, which is desired to model the behavior of an actor. An approach is made over the theoretical concepts, each approach is explained, the functional needs are identified and associated with the technical capabilities of a reconfigurable hardware which is also selected. Once the needs are defined and the technical limitations identified, the design process is detailed and explained for each functionality, tests are made with simulation software, and final hardware implemented.


The reliability of data can be effectively improved based on the strategies of distributed storage and multicopy,block-based storage and dynamic recovery technology. However,the reliability of data can be further enhanced through organic integration of coding-storage,block-redundancy storage,and dynamic recovery technology.In the meantime,there presently lacks an effective model to measure the reliability of the data based on this policy.This paper proposes four dynamic data reliability assessment models(data failure probability models),while considering the storage nodes,node reliability,the number of data blocks,network status,reset rates and some other factors. The simulation analysis shows that with the specific storage strategies and network environment,this model can effectively output data reliably. Compared with traditional full( block) copy storage and coding storage,this model has higher reliability. Analysis of the normal and abnormal network environments enhances the usability of the model.


Environmental research infrastructures (RIs) support data-intensive research by integrating large-scale sensor/observer networks with dedicated data curation services and analytical tools. However the diversity of scientific disciplines coupled with the lack of an accepted methodology for constructing new RIs inevitably leads to incompatibilities between the data models, metadata standards and service descriptions used by different RIs, inhibiting their usefulness for interdisciplinary research. In the absence of a common global ontology of science and infrastructure, these inconsistencies may best be counteracted by selectively bridging the semantics of the various vocabularies, standards and models used by the RIs at present. Open Information Linking for Environmental RIs (OIL-E) was developed within the FP7 project ENVRI to provide a framework for semantic linking of knowledge resources used by different environmental RIs. Built around a multi-viewpoint reference model ENVRI-RM, OIL-E is intended to act as a central exchange for linking information fragments and identifying gaps in the conceptual models of RIs.


This article examines Australia's implementation of a national regulatory framework to support the development of robust and mature water markets. To date, competition in water markets and water trading have been inhibited by disparate State-based regulation as well as State-based limitations on trading outside of regions. State-based monopolisation of water infrastructure has also been a significant impediment. The transfer of sovereignty over water to the central Commonwealth government has enhanced the capacity of the regulatory framework to better contribute to building efficient water markets.


Total stored electron and positron beam currents at the Cornell Electron Storage Ring (CESR) have been limited by the presence of a dipole multibunch longitudinal instability having a threshold at approximately 250 mA of total current. A longitudinal feedback system has been under constant development, test, operation and upgrade over the past several years. The result has been an increase in the High Energy Physics operating current to over 500 mA total. This paper describes the overall design of the present system, using a horizontal stripline kicker to produce combined horizontal and longitudinal bunch by bunch beam stabilization. Some details on specific subsystems, including: receiver design, individual bunch phase DC offset correction, digital signal filtering, and the RF modulator will be given, as well as an outline of plans for further development.


We present bounds of the redundancy of the recency-rank and the block-sorting universal lossless data compression algorithms for finite-length sequences.


Jiang Ze-min elaborates scientific understanding view to Marxism during the modernization process of combining the Marxism's widespread principle and the Chinese socialism modernization construction together;The scientific understanding view to Marxism is the important premise of the formation of " Three Representatives" theories as well as its important constituting part;it has important realistic meaning and profound theoretical doubtlessly for us to analyze the understanding object,the understanding conditions,the understanding validness,scientific understanding path and the understanding applying realm of understanding view to Marxism of Jiang Ze-min and its formation.


A numerical simulation program has been developed to investigate coaxial self-field magnetoplasmadynamic thrusters of arbitrary geometry including thermal and electrical behavior of the electrodes. An explicit Finite Volume scheme and Runge-Kutta time-stepping are used to solve the mass, momentum and energy conservation equations in the flow field for an Argon plasma in ionization equilibrium. The electron temperature and the magnetic field are determined by solving the stationary electron energy equation and Maxwell's equations together with Ohm's law. In the electrodes, the current density and temperature distribution are obtained by solving Maxwell's equations and the heat conduction equation considering Ohmic heating. The elliptical equations are solved using the Finite Element Method. Planar unstructured triangular meshes are used for each computational domain assuming that all variables are constant in azimuthal direction and appropriate boundary conditions are introduced at the interfaces. Adaptive mesh refinement has been implemented to enhance the spatial resolution depending on relative gradients of the plasma parameters. Numerical results are discussed for the cylindrical ZT3 thruster and the nozzle type hot anode thruster HAT which have been developed and operated at IRS.


We have shown that Rydberg states can be used for high-sensitivity, absolute sensing of microwave (MW) electric fields. We achieved a sensitivity of 3 μVcm-1Hz-1/2 for two read-out strategies. Depending on the spectral resolution of the read-out, either the MW induced transmission line frequency splitting, the Autler-Townes regime, or a change in the on-resonant absorption, the amplitude regime, can be used to determine the MW electric field. Results using a Mach-Zehnder interferometer and frequency modulated spectroscopy both achieve similar photon shot noise limited sensitivity. In addition, we have also explored amplitude modulation and the displacement of a probe laser beam due to index of refraction changes in a prism shaped vapor cell. These latter methods were not able to achieve photon shot noise limited performance. Fundamental limits to the sensitivity of the Rydberg atom-based MW electric field sensing have been addressed, but it is important to clarify the differences between noise in different parts or subsystems of the sensor. Shot noise in the probe laser usually dominates the projection noise of the atoms participating in the measurement of the MW electric field because of the desire to operate at low effective Rydberg atom densities in order to avoid collisional dephasing and ionization.


SUMMARY Asphyxia neonatorum is defined as failure of a newborn infant to establish sustained respiration after its com plete delivery. In 206 asphyxiated infants reviewed, details of the Apgar scores, tim~ to susta:ned respiration and resuscitation required, were documented. The value of each of these observations, as well as that of the heart rate and acid-base status aft~r birth, is assessed. From the findings definite recomm~ndat[ons for the routine assessment of the infant at birth are made. S. Afr. Med. J., 48, 2139 (1974). The term asphyxia is derived from the Greek word meaning 'pulseless' «(I = negative + sphyxis = pulse). Since the presence of a heartbeat is often the only sign of life in a depressed infant at birth, the literal application of the term is not appropriate. Physiologically, the condition of hypoxia associated with hypercapnia is implied. As a working definition of asphyxia neonatorum, failure of a newborn infant to establish sustained respiration after its com plete delivery is recommended, because it may be applied in the delivery room. An accurate clinical assessment is fundamental to the efficient management of the asphyxiated infant. Tot only is it important in resuscitation, but careful factual docu mentation of conditions at birth is essential in the future developmental assessment of the child. To be practical, the methods used must not be beyond the score of routine practice. The purpose of this article is to discuss these methods; and to make recommendations regarding their use.


This study examines simulative experimental investigations on the additive manufacturing of complex component geometries using 3D plasma metal deposition (3DPMD). Here, complex contour surfaces for a cross-rolling tool were produced from weld metals in multilayer technology through 3DPMD. As a consequence of the special features of 3DPMD with large-weld metal volumes, greatly differing properties between base material/deposited material and asymmetrical heat input, the resulting shrinkage, deformation and residual stresses are particularly critical. These lead to dimensional and form deviations as well as the formation of cracks, which has a negative influence on the quality of the plasma deposition-welded component structures. By means of the thermo-elastic-plastic simulation model, the temperature field distribution, deformation, and residual stresses occurring during additive 3DPMD of tool contours were predicted and analyzed. The temperature field distribution and its gradients were determined using the ellipsoid heat-source model for the 3DPMD process. On this basis, a coupled thermo-elastic-plastic structural–mechanical analysis was performed. Accordingly, the results achieved were used for the production of almost-net-shaped tool contour surfaces with predefined layer properties. The acquired simulation results of the temperature fields, deformation, and residual stress condition show good alignment with the experimental results.


Due to the favorable international context for the promotion and development of alternative methods of dispute resolution, mediation has also established itself in our country as an important element of the judicial reform strategy. The classic resolution of the conflict by going to court does not always appear as a covert response to the needs of the parties involved.
The prolonged health crisis has repercussions in the already existing crisis of the judicial system - the high number of cases encumbering the activity of the courts, therefore, in these times any solution is welcome for the effective resolution of disputes between participants in legal relations.


Susan Nalugwa Kiguli, born June 24, 1969 is a prominent female Ugandan scholar, performer and poet; she is a member of FEMRITE, the Ugandan Women Writers' Association where she once served as a cha...


In recent years, people have much paid more attention to the maintenance of environmental conditions and the rational use of fossil energy. Electric vehicles have received the attention and favor of people all over the world because of their clean and pollution-free characteristics. Reasonable control of the orderly charging and discharging of electric vehicles can not only have a positive impact on the operation of the power grid, but also bring great convenience to our daily life. Therefore, this paper reviews how to control the charging and discharging of electric vehicles in an orderly manner. The orderly charge and discharge of electric vehicles can be measured from the two dimensions of time and space. This paper gives the constraints for the vehicle owner's demand for electricity consumption, the consideration of power consumption time, and the consideration of transformer capacity. So that the optimal solution in the feasible domain can be determined, that is, the essence of the ordered charge and discharge problem. The article also introduces the use of Monte Carlo method to solve the mathematical expectation of each electric vehicle to replace the battery in a certain period of time, so as to more rationally guide the orderly charge and discharge. Finally, relevant suggestions were put forward to the relevant departments, and the future situation was prospected.


Disaster of earthquake causes serious impact to social development, the article analyzes the characteristics of disaster of earthquake and relief towards it, it also explores the necessity for military hospital to participate in the relief towards disaster of earthquake, the systems for military services to participate in disaster relief in various countries, the current status of military services in China in participating disaster relief and the major problems.


Mucous cysts derived from heterotopic salivary tissue are rare, especially in the middle of the posterior of the tongue. We treated a case of mucous cyst that arose in an ectopic salivary gland in the middle of the posterior of the tongue. We report this case together with a literature review. A 21-year-old woman was referred to our hospital because of a painless swelling in the middle of the posterior of her tongue. Magnetic resonance imaging showed a well-circumscribed ovoid mass. The lesion extended from the posterior of the tongue to the left side of the floor of the mouth under the mucous membrane. A clinical diagnosis of a thyroglossal duct cyst was made, and the Sistrunk operation was performed. The pathological diagnosis was a mucous cyst. The patient's postoperative course was uneventful, and there were no signs of recurrence during the 24-month follow-up period.


Views about Facebook in education are varied. Facebook poses a threat to
academic success (Thompson, 2009) and yet "certain kinds of Facebook use" can
support study. Facebooking students may perform better than their unwired peers
(Ellison et al., 2007) but little is known about the impact of social networking
sites on the student experience (Madge et al., 2009). The temptation for
universities to engage with students in Facebook is strong. Victoria University
(VU) in Melbourne uses Facebook to engage and support students and is keen to
explore how Web 2.0 technologies might provide alternative and additional
approaches to enhancing retention. This paper examines VU's Faculty of
Business and Law Facebook site and offers a general analysis of Facebook usage.


The high degree of innovation of a country's economy has a stimulating effect on the growth of its productivity levels, which are vital for the profitability of its companies. In this way, ampler innovation backs the organic growth of companies and outlines their long-term competitiveness, including competitiveness at the macro level. Furthermore, having a higher profit level, companies could pay higher net salaries to their employees. It plainly indicates the connection between the innovative processes in the companies themselves and their employees' income levels. This paper aims to test whether this relationship has a proper stronghold in the business practice of The Western Balkans countries: Bosnia and Herzegovina, Serbia, Montenegro, North Macedonia and Albania. Various benchmarks taken from relevant international reports are used as analysis tools. The obtained results will serve as a starting point for considering and conceiving a future efficient platform of public policies supporting the expansion of innovation and technological capacities of companies in the economies of the countries included in this analysis.


The invention discloses a fishery administration monitoring system. The fishery administration monitoring system comprises a land fishery administration monitoring center and a marine fishery administration mobile terminal, wherein the marine fishery administration mobile terminal is used for receiving the shipping information of fishing boats and generating the cruising information of the mobile terminal; the land fishery administration monitoring center is used for monitoring the fishery administration mobile terminal and the fishing boats in the system; the land fishery administration monitoring center is connected with a fishery administration command center by a communication network, and the marine fishery administration mobile terminal is connected to the communication network by wireless communication; the marine fishery administration mobile terminal comprises an automatic identification system (AIS) digital receiving base station, a radio frequency identification device, a marine industrial personal computer and a wireless communication device; and the land fishery administration monitoring center comprises an interconnection server, a data storage device, an application server, an electronic chart monitoring device and a three-layer switch. According to the fishery administration monitoring system, the monitoring of the positions of marine law enforcement fishery administration boats and fishing boats which perform production operation at the periphery of cruising sea area of the marine law enforcement fishery administration boats, the electronic identification of fishing boat identities, remote command and dispatching and the aid decision of emergency rescue are realized, and the basis for the aid decision is provided.


With the development of history and the improvement of economy and culture,there are many differences in pronunciation,vocabulary and grammar between Britain English and American English. And the differences of the vocabulary are typical,which are embodied mainly in the following three aspects:same word_different meaning,same meaning_different word and specific word.


As an entity, curriculum contains elements having interrelated functions which systemically move toward the achievement of its goals. Therefore, a curriculum should be developed under Structural Theory, which highlights organism principles whereby the achievement of organization goals is dependent on the participation of all the elements. This article presents practical illustrations of how to develop a curriculum utilizing the Structural Theory.


In recent years, the ubiquity and growth in mobile and online content consumption has fueled the proliferation of digital advertising formats. In attempts to engage consumers, advertisers have incr...


The paper presents the issues strictly connected with the scientific discipline of Transport, concerning the exploitation of lighting devices, reflectors and projectors being the fundamental devices for tram's head lighting. The factor influencing the safety of a moving track vehicle is the quality and state of tram's head lighting. Appropriate light distribution within the area of tram's foreground plays a decisive role in the perception of luminous sensations by the tram driver. A properly shaped light beam conditions appropriate visibility from the tram driver's seat and facilitates correct assessment of traffic situations connected with the behaviour of other road traffic participants. The history of development of lighting devices for head lights used for trams has been discussed. The article proposes and discusses application of AFS system in trams particularly accounting for proposals of new lighting requirements for tram's head lighting devices. Particular attention has been paid to photometric requirements for projectors and reflectors of tram's head lights, presenting proposals for these requirements. After conducting a lighting analysis of currently exploited light beams it has been established that justification exists for using symmetrical light beams in the case of head, main and low beam lights. Introduction of three kinds of lights of dedicated light beams for low beam, main and curve lights is proposed.


A 41 year old multiparous (multipara) had a large peritoneopericardial defect with intraprecardial herniation of the stomach, transverse colon, omentum and left Lobe of liver. Chest x-ray done about 5 years after the injury was initially misdiagnosed as left sided diaphragmatic hernia. The patient underwent reduction of the herniated intra-abdominal viscerae, separation of the cardiohepatic adhesions and repair of the communications. The importance of routine chest x-ray in patients with history of blunt chest trauma and pregnancy as well as the need for correct preoperative diagnosis for right surgical approach is highlighted.


Nitrogen responses to yield and other agronomic characters were studied using four rice varieties, Tongil, Jinheung, Milyang 23, and Yushin, at six nitrogen levels, 0, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30kg/10a, in a silt loam soil at the Crop Experiment Station, Suweon, Korea, in 1976. Grain yields of Milyang 23 and Tongil were much higher than those of Jinheung and Yushin at high nitrogen levels (15-30kg/10a). Optimum nitrogen levels of the rice varieties, Tongil, Milyng 23, Yushin, and Jinheung, estimated by intersecting straight line, were 22, 19, 19, and 12kg/10a, respectively. Morpshological characters, dry matter production before and after heading, and yield components were dicussed in relation to the nitrogen responsivenees of the rice varieties. In addition, relationships between yield, yield components, and other agronomic characters were discussed to obtain some informations for higher rice yield.


The term pesticide refers to all chemical compounds predominantly used in agriculture for the control of the pathogens, weeds and pests. In order to intensify the agricultural production the use of pesticides has increased over the years in many developing countries. Since the monitoring of the presence of pesticides is rarely conducted and fairly difficult, the potential hazardous effects towards the human health, the biodiversity and the environment are hard to anticipate. The aim of the study is to provide a preliminary assessment of the situation by looking for the presence of pesticides in the water and sediment of the lake used for the irrigation. SPE and LC-MS/MS were used to purify and analyze the samples for the presence of 150 pesticides. The nicosulfuron was detected in the unusually high concentrations in water (97.80 µg/L) and the sediment (224 µg/kg).


By PATRICK WATSON-WILLIAMS, M.D.London, Lecturer and Examiner in Otology, Rhinology, and Laryngology at the University of Bristol; Cons. Surgeon for Diseases of the Ear, Nose, and Throat, Bristol Royal Infirmary ; and ERIC WATSON-WILLIAMS, M.C., M.B.Cantab., Surgeon for Ear, Nose, and Throat Diseases, Southmead Infirmary ; Registrar to the Department, Bristol Royal Infirmary; Surgeon for Ear, Nose, and Throat, Bath War Pensions Hospital.


Background: Endometrial carcinoma is the fourth most common cancer in European women, and incidence is increasing. No major improvements in treatment or survival have been achieved over the last decades, and an individualized treatment approach may improve the likelihood of a beneficial outcome for endometrial carcinoma patients. Identifying robust biomarkers that can improve risk-stratification and help select patients likely to benefit from specific treatments is vital. There is also a need for representative preclinical models in order to discover and validate new targeted therapies. Aim: To investigate potential new biomarkers in endometrial carcinoma, and to develop robust and reliable preclinical models to improve translational research. Material and methods: Endometrial carcinoma cell lines or patient derived primary tumor cells were implanted in the uterus of female mice to generate orthotopic endometrial carcinoma mouse models. We then applied several advanced imaging techniques to monitor development of disease in these models, including optical molecular imaging (OMI), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT). Patients treated for endometrial carcinoma have been prospectively entered in a biobank of gynaecological malignancies and clinicopathological data, imaging data and biological samples have been collected. Tissue samples were evaluated by immunohistochemistry and microarray in order to explore expression of asparaginase-like protein 1 (ASRGL1) in endometrial carcinoma, relating the level of ASRGL1 to survival as well as imagingand clinicopathological parameters.


A number of title heterocyclic compounds were prepared by the reaction of 6-amino-1,4,5,6-tetrahydro-5-imino-3-methyl-1,4-diphenylpyrazolo[4',3':5,6]pyrano[2,3-d]pyrimidine with ethyl 2-cyano-3-ethoxy-2-propenoate, ethoxymethylenemalononitrile, ethyl cyanoacetate, malononitrile, ethyl pyruvate, oxalyl chloride, ethyl chloroformate, and 3-methyl-4-nitroso-1-phenylpyrazol-5(4H)-one, respectively


Received July 31, 2008; accepted without revision August 12, 2008. 1Department of Radiology, Division of Cardiothoracic Radiology, East Ann Arbor Health and Geriatrics Center, University of Michigan, 4260 Plymouth Rd., Rm. 1847 SPC 2713, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2713. Address correspondence to A. Attili (email@example.com). 2Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI. AJR 2009;192:S57–S61 0361–803X/09/1923–S57 © American Roentgen Ray Society Case History A 40-year-old asymptomatic man presents for a routine health maintenance examination. The physical examination is normal; in particular, he is normotensive. ECG reveals diffuse deep T wave inversion. His family history is significant for unexplained sudden cardiac death in his father. MRI was performed to further evaluate an abnormality revealed on echocardiography.


Volume electron microscopy together with computer-based image analysis are yielding neural circuit diagrams of ever larger regions of the brain [1-10]. These datasets are usually represented in a cell-to-cell connectivity matrix and contain important information about prevalent circuit motifs allowing to directly test various theories on the computation in that brain structure [11,12]. Of particular interest are the detection of cell assemblies and the quantification of feedback, which can profoundly change circuit properties. While the ordering of cells along the rows and columns doesn't change the connectivity, it can make special connectivity patterns recognizable. For example, ordering the cells along the flow of information, feedback and feedforward connections are segregated above and below the main matrix diagonal, respectively. Different algorithms are used to renumber matrices such as to minimize a given cost function, but either their performance becomes unsatisfying at a given size of the circuit or the CPU time needed to compute them scales in an unfavorable way with increasing number of neurons [13-15]. Based on previous ideas [16-18], we describe an algorithm which is effective in matrix reordering with respect to both its performance as well as to its scaling in computing time. Rather than trying to reorder the matrix in discrete steps, the algorithm transiently assigns a real-valued parameter to each cell describing its location on a continuous axis ('smooth-index') and finds the parameter set that minimizes the cost. We find that the smooth-index algorithm outperforms all algorithms we compared it to, including those based on topological sorting. Author Summary Connectomic data provide researchers with neural circuit diagrams of ever larger regions of the brain. These datasets are usually represented in a cell-to-cell connectivity matrix and contain important information about prevalent circuit motifs. Such motifs, however, only become visible if the connectivity matrix is reordered appropriately. For example, ordering the cells along the flow of information, feedback and feedforward connections are segregated above and below the main matrix diagonal, respectively. While most previous approaches rely on topological sorting, our method treats the discrete vertex indices as real numbers ('smooth-index') along independent parameter axes and defines a differentiable cost function, thus, allowing gradient-based algorithms to find a minimum. The parameter set at this minimum is then re-discretized to reorder the connectivity matrix accordingly. We find our method to scale favorably with the circuit size and to outperform all algorithms we compared it to.


Objective To demonstrate the impact of interventions on tuberculosis (TB) case detection in mining and pastoralist districts in southeastern Ethiopia over a 10-year period. Design Longitudinal quasi-experimental study. Setting Health centres and hospitals in six mining districts implemented interventions and seven nearby districts functioned as controls. Participants Data from the national District Health Information System (DHIS-2) were used for this study; therefore, people did not participate in this study. Interventions Directed at training, active case finding and improving treatment outcomes. Primary and secondary outcome measures Primarily, trends in TB case notification and percentage of bacteriologically confirmed TB—as collected by DHIS-2—between pre-intervention (2012–2015) and post-intervention (2016–2021) were analysed. Secondarily, post-intervention was split into early post-intervention (2016–2018) and late post-intervention (2019–2021) to also study the long-term effects of the intervention. Results For all forms of TB, case notification significantly increased between pre-intervention and early post-intervention (incidence rate ratio (IRR): 1.21, 95% CI: 1.13, 1.31; p<0.001) and significantly decreased between pre-intervention/early post-intervention and late post-intervention (IRR: 0.82, 95% CI: 0.76, 0.89; p<0.001 and IRR: 0.67, 95% CI: 0.62, 0.73; p<0.001). For bacteriologically confirmed cases, we found a significant decrease between pre-intervention/early post-intervention and late post-intervention (IRR: 0.88, 95% CI: 0.81, 0.97; p<0.001 and IRR: 0.81, 95% CI: 0.74, 0.89; p<0.001). The percentage of bacteriologically confirmed cases was significantly lower in the intervention districts during pre-intervention (B: −14.24 percentage points, 95% CI: –19.27, –9.21) and early post-intervention (B: −7.78, 95% CI: –15.46, –0.010; p=0.047). From early post-intervention to late post-intervention, we found a significant increase (B: 9.12, 95% CI: 0.92 to 17.33; p=0.032). Conclusions The decrease in TB notifications in intervention districts during late post-intervention is possibly due to a decline in actual TB burden as a result of the interventions. The unabated increase in case notification in control districts may be due to continued TB transmission in the community.


iable clinical course. In recent years, several molecular and cellular markers have been explored and correlated with disease aggressiveness in order to enable risk group stratification. However, since many CLL cases show discordant prognostic factors, the identification of new parameters able to relate disease stage and clinical outcome is important to further improve treatment efficacy. Therefore, the aim of our study was to examine the prognostic ability of a) known proteomics markers measured pre-treatment and b) to search for new proteomics markers that might be related to treatment response. Methods: Samples of CLL patients treated with chlorambucil, rituximab and lenalidomide within the HOVON-109 trials were collected. Fifty-one of 63 patients had an available sample at baseline and were included in our study. Serum samples were analyzed for 360 proteomics markers using a multiplex proximity extension assay (Olink Bioscience, Uppsala, Sweden). Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox proportional hazards models were used for testing independent and additive effects of the markers for event-free survival (EFS; time from registration to induction failure, progression or death from any cause, whichever comes first). Results: Fifty-one patients were included (59% males; mean age 71 years). Median EFS was 23 months (26 events). Female and IGHV mutated patients showed longer EFS, as compared to male and unmutated patients. No significant survival effects were seen for β2-microglobulin levels, Rai stage, or well-defined chromosomal aberrations. Among B-cell activation markers, the sCD23 level was associated with EFS in univariate (β = 0.45, p = 0.04) and adjusted models (β = -1.49, p = 0.07). Patients with high (i.e. above median) sCD23 levels had a shorter EFS, as compared to those with low levels (Fig 1). There was a significant interaction between sCD23 and IGHV mutational status (β = 1.01, P = 0.04), as unmutated IGHV patients with high sCD23 levels had the shortest EFS (Fig 1). Low levels (i.e. equal to or below median) of SPINT1 and LY9 levels were correlated with a significantly longer survival. Added prognostic value of the potential proteomics markers compared with a basic model including gender and IGHV status was evaluated, showing a significant independent effect on EFS for especially sCD23, SPINT1, and LY9 (Fig 1). Several other evaluated proteomics markers were significantly associated with EFS in univariate and adjusted models, albeit, none remained significant after multiple testing correction. Conclusion: Our study suggests a possible prognostic role for sCD23 (probably released from activated B-cells), LY9 (probably from CD4T helper cells), and SPINT1 (a potent inhibitor specific for HGF activator) in CLL patients in this clinical trial. Further studies are required to validate these results.


Disciplinary construction is the core of construction in universities.Aiming at the shortcomings of the theories and thinking of traditional disciplinary construction,a new research framework is provided based on the theories and methods of ecology.This paper elaborates the feasibility about the new way of research,analyses the ecological characters of disciplinary construction and presents the research framework for the disciplinary construction.


prior to the deposition of any of the gravel or ' loess' now to be seen there"), he floods the valley " eighty feet above the present level of the Somme." These prodigious bodies of water do not in the least erode the soft chalk sides, or the bed of the valley, but, on the contrary, they deposit the gravel terraces as their high-water mark. Flints, therefore, in the pluvial period must have been lighter than water, and must have floated on the surface to their present position. In periods other than the pluvial one drift is driven along the beds of rivers and valleys. And these terraces of the Somme have been the beds of the river or valley, as I have had the honour to state in the GEOLOGICAL MAGAZINE for May, 1867. BBOOKWOOD PABK, ALKESPORD. GEOKGE GBEENWOOD, Colonel.


The last two decades have seen many efficient algorithms and architectures for the design of low-complexity bit-parallel Multiple Constant Multiplications (MCM) operation, that dominates the complexity of Digital Signal Processing (DSP) systems. On the other hand, digit-serial architectures offer alternative low-complexity designs, since digit-serial operators occupy less area and are independent of the data wordlength. This paper introduces the problem of designing a digit-serial MCM operation with minimal area at gate-level and presents the exact formalization of the area optimization problem as a 0–1 Integer Linear Programming (ILP) problem. Experimental results show the efficiency of the proposed algorithm and digit-serial MCM designs in terms of area at gate-level.


recorded in the Society's minute books. From humble beginnings in Padua via the fairgrounds of Europe, fate cast him into Egypt where, against all initial adversities, he found and followed a calling. Some of the finest sculptures in the British Museum, notably the colossal seven-and-a-half ton head of Ramesses II, and much else, the sarcophagus of Seti I in Sir John Soane's Museum and the lid of the sarcophagus of Ramesses III in Cambridge, are all due to his endeavours. Added to those, he retrieved the Philae obelisk for William John Bankes (now at Kingston Lacey) whose inscriptions were to be vital in Champollion's decipherment of hieroglyphs in 1822. Belzoni was the first European to enter the Second Pyramid, of Chephren, at Giza (2 March 1818), and the first to find the entrance to the Great Temple at Abu Simbel (1 August 1817) and, five years before Champollion deciphered hieroglyphs, realized that the 'hero' depicted on the walls there was the same he saw on temple walls in Thebes, ie Ramesses II. Noël Hume brings Belzoni to life using his own words and the world in which he carried out his explorations, and adds much new insight into that life as well as his own pertinent observations. He particularly puts more flesh onto the person of Belzoni's long-suffering but devoted wife, Sarah. It is axiomatic that on excavations the best finds turn up on the last day, and Noël Hume has been similarly devilled. Belzoni died at Gato in Benin in 1823, and Sarah in Jersey in January 1870. Mayes did not know where she was buried and both Noël Hume and the reviewer (unbeknown to each other) have for years been trying to locate her grave via Jersey local newspapers, radio and personal contact, to no avail. As, literally, the book came off the presses word came that her grave and inscribed tombstone had been found, recording 'Sarah, widow of Giovanni Baptista Belzoni' and the small foot-stone 'S.B. 1870'. Now the chase is on for details of how and who provided for her burial. Egyptological research, even after a couple of centuries, always has surprises and goals to pursue.


This paper presents the design of a fuzzy control system to manage the temperature of mini cupola furnaces. The melt of metals process described in chemical reactions occurring in cupola, was used to model and convert to a subsystem in Simulink. One of the main goals in the operation of a cupola furnace is to keep the molten iron properties within prescribed bound while maintaining the most economical operation for the cupola. Fuzzy temperature control presents a procedure to obtain the pressure values for the manipulated process variables. This is used to get optimum condition of temperature melt of metals.


This paper describes the design and testing of a latch for optical precision deployable spacecraft structures. The new latch design uses rolling elements to minimize hysteresis while maintaining stiffness. The sub-micron mechanical response of a prototype of this design is presented. This prototype demonstrated linear behavior within 100 nm under a peak-to-peak load of 85 N.


The 3-chloro and 3-bromo-2-phenylquinoline-4-carboxylic acids were obtained in good yields through a novel procedure, entailing the synthesis of the 3-amino intermediate and the subsequent replacement of the amino group with chlorine or bromine, according to the Sandmeyer reaction.


"XVIII. International Symposium on Econometrics Operations Research and Statistics" hosted by Karadeniz Technical University, Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences, Department of Econometrics was held in Trabzon between 5th and 7th of October, 2017. The symposium is convened once a year and organized by different universities in different cities every year. Trabzon, which is the most important center in the history and socio-cultural aspects of the Eastern Black Sea Region, hosted the international symposium this year. The symposium did not have a special theme but it aimed to create an atmosphere for academics, professionals and young researchers in the field of econometrics, operations research and statistics. It can be said that the goal was realized because there was an immense interest to the symposium and more than 300 papers were presented during the symposium with parallel sessions. The contents of the symposium papers consisted of new method applications and current economic developments.


Some reflections on the history of archaeometry addressing more specifically gold metallurgy will help us understand recent trends and achievements in this broad field of research. Interdisciplinarity as a peer dialogue between scientists and historians has encountered some serious difficulties, which, however, are almost completely overcome today. The wide choice of non-destructive analytical techniques available is perhaps the main feature of actual research, and this also means that a great variety of problems can be dealt with and solved. Finally, in the present paper I propose some case studies selected from Project Au, the research programme I have been coordinating for more than ten years, and from other researchers and teams with whom I collaborate, in order to illustrate how we can conduct goldwork research. These include the two principal, and unique, Visigothic treasures, from Guarrazar and Torredonjimeno (Spain), and the Braganza brooch, a controversial Iberian fibula, masterpiece of ancient jewellery now on display at the British Museum and presented in Madrid during an exhibition in 2007.


There is clear evidence of inequalities in the health status of minority ethnic groups in Britain. This includes a number of conditions which may be alleviated or prevented through increased levels of physical exercise. Other research has shown lower levels of activity and raised body mass among Asian groups. There remains some scope for argument about the reasons for these differences. It is, for example, suggested that health education materials are poorly targeted at South Asian communities, or that certain cultures discourage involvement in recreational physical activities. It is known that both motivation and self-image are important to physical activity behaviour, from school age upwards. A lifestyle survey sponsored by the Health Education Authority, and qualitative research, provide an opportunity to examine the degree to which there are distinctive 'ethnic' barriers to exercise or other healthy physical activity amongst communities of South Asian origin living in England. While there are many similarities with the reasons given by members of the white population for 'not exercising', there are some subtle differences between communities, and a number of issues which appear to be specific to the minority populations. Some are particular to a religion, gender or generation. Attention to these, including questions of modesty, gender segregation, and safety, would improve the accessibility of recreational activities to this target group. At the same time, it is clear that individuals from these communities are well informed and well motivated, and do take advantage of local facilities when they can. The question of both institutional and personal racism cannot be excluded from a strategy for promoting healthy physical activity; equally, it is important to pay attention to the characteristics of particular communities to gain their confidence. A 'colour-blind' or homogenous approach may be counterproductive.


The accumulation of empirical evidence that outward-oriented developing countries have generally performed better than inward-oriented ones in terms of growth, industrialisation, job creation and other macroeconomic indicators provides an essential lesson for both policy-makers and development economists worldwide. The acknowledged importance of trade and non-traditional exports for development and rapid economic expansion in South-East Asia has inspired many developing countries to encourage export-oriented activities. Various instruments to promote non-traditional exports exist; this article will focus on the so-called export processing zones (EPZs).' EPZs have long been a controversial issue among economists. The theoretical literature has most often argued that EPZs are welfare-reducing for the host country, but the extraordinary growth performance in, for example, China's free trade areas, Mauritius' EPZ and the Macao EPZ has stimulated a new interest and suggests that economic theory may lag behind in explaining the economic growth possibilities connected with EPZs. Some of the existing theoretical approaches, such as the neo-classical, have effectively assumed away the reasons for the EPZs, while others, in turn, have overlooked possible beneficial effects from their establishment. One such important effect may be the curufytic role of EPZs for the host country. In distorted, low-income economies lacking industrial capability, EPZs may initiate export-led industrialisation by bringing a critical mass of knowledge to the country. Furthermore, EPZs may also have a catalytic effect on some of the multinational corporations entering the zones, especially inexperienced mncs. Several of the mncs emanating from developing countries, for example, started their foreign production venture by investing in Ems. (Less)


Typical subway station is selected as the basis for analysis. Load characteristics of single subway station and multi-subway station in different climatic zones are analyzed, load characteristics indexes impacting energy consumption are proposed. The results show that peak load and weighted average rate can reflect the impact of load on system power consumption.


The invention discloses a Ga2O3 dissolving method by adopting a condensation reflux device, belonging to the technical field of insoluble substance dissolution. In the prior art, a Ga2O3 is dissolved by adopting a heating and stirring acid dissolution method, and used acid is concentrated nitric acid; but in the method, the dosage of the acid is large, the concentration is high, the dissolving time is long and can achieve many days, the dissolved quantity is of dissolving 0.2g of Ga2O3 by 40mL concentrated nitric acid without needing to add hydrochloric acid, and impurity ions Cl- is introduced therefrom. The method comprises the following steps of carrying out the dissolving process of the Ga2O3 in the condensation reflux device, adding the Ga2O3 into a flask, adding dilute nitric acid with the concentration of 4-6mol/L to prepare dissolving solution, wherein the molar ratio of the nitric acid to the Ga2O3 in the dissolving solution is 5-6:1, and obtaining clear and transparent gallium nitrate solution by heating and refluxing for 3-5h under the constant temperature of 170-200 DEG C. The invention is applied to preparing crystal raw materials of Nd:GGG crystals growing by a pulling method.


Since our country entering WIO,the export of textile and clothing have many changes on consumer market and textile,The textile mills also should change the strategic managements on production,marketing channles,competitor and connection of all textile mills.


Religious faith was pivotal to the personal ideologies and radical political activism of the Reverends Alf Dickie and Frank Hartley, both of whom were prominent in the Australian peace movement from 1949 until the early seventies. This article examines Dickie's and Hartley's self-identification as prophets in the context of the optimism of the post-war era and its subsequent retreat as the Cold War altered the political climate. It examines how their post-war political activism was framed by a devout faith in the existence of an objective "truth" with regard to the Cold War, a "truth" based on a self-styled notion of the "Will of God". Further, it argues that suffering was understood by these self-declared prophets to be inherent to their mission and was thus embraced, when ostensibly visited upon them, as an affirmation of the righteousness of their cause. For Dickie and Hartley, an active association with the radical Left was a natural expression of God's Will.


In the mathematical investigations of the deviation of the compass which have been hitherto published, and in the practical methods for correcting the deviation which have been proposed by Captain Flinders, Mr. Barlow, and Mr. Airy, the assumption is tacitly or expressly made that the length of the compass-needle may be considered as infinitesimal compared with the distance of the nearest disturbing iron. Expressed mathematically, as only even powers of the ratio of the projection of the needle on the direction of the disturbing iron to the distance of the disturbing iron enter into the expressions, the assumption is that the square and higher powers of that ratio may be neglected. By this assumption the formulæ which express the deviation are materially simplified; and on the supposition that the iron of a ship consists entirely of iron of one or other of the two extreme qualities described magnetically as "hard" iron and "soft" iron, the following expression is accurately true:— sin δ = A cos δ + B sin ζ' + C cos ζ' + D sin (ζ + ζ') + E cos (ζ + ζ'); in which ζ is the azimuth of the ship's head measured eastward from the correct magnetic north; ζ' is the same azimuth, but measured from the direction of the disturbed needle; δ = ζ-ζ' is the easterly deviation of the needle; A, D, E are coefficients depending only on the distribution of the soft iron of the ship, and being independent of the magnetic dip and force, and therefore not changing with a change in the geographical position of the ship. B and C are coefficients depending partly on the distribution of the hard and soft iron of the ship, and partly on the dip and horizontal force, and therefore changing with a change of geographical position of the ship, as well as with a change in the magnetism of the hard iron in the ship.


Work–life interference is important for school-aged workers because it influences their educational outcomes/career aspirations. Although research highlights the role of work hours in determining work–life interference for these workers, work/job-level characteristics have received limited attention. Using survey data from Queensland school students who work part-time, we assess the influence of a range of employment-level variables on work–life interference. The results of multiple regression analysis indicate work–life interference is exacerbated by having low trust in managers and limited scope to refuse work hours and stability in work hours, emphasising the importance of organisational variables in integrating work and non-work spheres for school-aged workers.


During the past few years there has been an ever increasing interest in experimental studies of passively Q-switched (PQS) microchip lasers. However, the same trend is not evident, in theoretical modeling studies. Only recently has there been a comprehensive theoretical and numerical investigation of the pulse dynamics. This study included the limit-cycle analysis and presented a successful numerical analysis of the differential equations in the numerically challenging region where the pulse separation is six orders-of-magnitude larger than the pulse width. However, one area not thoroughly addressed was the pulse shape. In the following we derive simple design formulae for the peak power, pulse width, repetition rate, pulse energy and the pulse shape for Nd:YAG microchip lasers which are derived with the experimentalists in mind. These approximate solutions are anchored to our previous simulations which agree with experiment.


The present invention is a method of analyzing the contents of such sealed containers for food and beverages, to provide a NMR probe and NMR systems.


[Belcher et al. (2003)][1] reported that at six locations across North America quantities of charcoal in the Cretaceous-Tertiary (K-T) boundary clay are about an order of magnitude below background levels. They interpreted this absence of charcoal as evidence for the absence of a global


Apartment culture is an important part of campus culture,which is an important position of ideological and cultural education in colleges and universities. In view of the present situation of the construction of university apartment culture,the paper puts forward the effective exploration of college students' apartment building needs from the management team,the apartment system culture and the apartment culture activity brand.


The desorption of deuterium from clean and Ge‐covered Si(100) surfaces has been studied using temperature‐programmed desorption. The Ge/Si(100) surfaces were prepared using the dissociative adsorption of digermane on Si(100). The presence of Ge on Si(100) dramatically lowers the deuterium (or hydrogen) desorption temperature. The desorption maxima shift to lower temperature with increasing Ge coverage until a new low‐temperature desorption state becomes dominant. The lowering of the deuterium desorption energies due to the presence of Ge on the Si(100) surface is used to explain the acceleration in growth rate observed during GexSi1−x alloy growth by chemical vapor deposition upon the introduction of germane to the Si source gas.


Based on the conclusion of internal control system in highway construction and the status of internal control, this paper analyzes some main problems of internal control in highway construction which including the lack of environmental awareness, weak awareness of risk, poor control activities, blocked information communication and weak internal supervision. Then the paper proposed some guidance and advice for highway construction enterprises to improve internal controls, such as strengthening the control environment, doing accurate internal accounting controls, strengthening internal audit control and so on.


The kinetics of the reduction of chromium(Ⅵ) by 1,3-butanediol(BDO) in the presence of 2,2'-bipyridine(bipy) has been studied spectrophotometrically.The reaction shows pseudo-first order with respect to Cr(Ⅵ) and first order with respect to 1,3-butanediol.Under the conditions of pseudo-first order([1,3-butanedio]0≥[Cr(Ⅵ)]0),the observed rate constant kobs increases with the increase in and .kobs increases somewhat with the increase in ionic strength.The reduction in the presence of bipy in acidic medium has been shown to proceed via a Cr(Ⅵ)-bipy complex,which further reacts with one molecule of BDO in a rate determining step followed by other fast steps to give the products.Mechanism in accordance with the experimental data has been proposed for the reaction.Thermodynamic parameters along with the catalytic constant have been evaluated and discussed.


subject of a quality improvement project with realistic goals of practice modifications. Of note, we had multiple secondary findings including the observation that there was a statistically significant difference in presurgical hemoglobin values in transfused and non-transfused patients; this, coupled with other observations not reported here, have the added potential to inform presurgical testing recommendations.


A linear damped hybrid (continuous/discrete components) model is developed in this paper to characterize the dynamic behavior of serpentine belt drive systems. Both internal material damping and external tensioner arm damping are considered. The complex modal analysis method is developed to perform dynamic analysis of linear non-self-adjoint hybrid serpentine belt-drive systems. The adjoint eigenfunctions are acquired in terms of the mode shapes of an auxiliary hybrid system. The closed-form characteristic equation of eigenvalues and the exact closed-form solution for dynamic response of the non-self-adjoint hybrid model are obtained. Numerical simulations are performed to demonstrate the method of analysis. It is shown that there exists an optimum damping value for each vibration mode at which vibration decays the fastest.


Object To study the curative effect of perfusing liver cyst with the solution of Xiao Zhi Ling (XZL). Methods Under the ultrasonographic guidance, XZL closing to 1/8 volume of the cyst fluid was injected into the liver cyst after the fluid in it was taken out completely. Two monthes later the size of the cysts were measured- Results Twenty - five of 44 patients with liver cyst were cured and 15 cases were effect. Totol effect rate reched to 90. 9%. Conclusion It is an ideal method to inject XZL into the cyst under UGG for treating liver cyst.


A research team in Nebraska developed a public health campaign for teens focused on obesity prevention, based on social marketing and buzz marketing principles, to test a series of hypotheses postulating that positive attitude toward the campaign among the most engaged members of the target audience, the buzz agents, will lead to positive attitudinal as well as positive self-reported behavioral changes involving fruit and vegetable consumption and physical activity. The team implemented the Whatcha doin? social marketing campaign in a select number of public high schools in Nebraska from 2007 to 2013. Results from 6 years of annual survey data of buzz agents in these schools showed positive associations between attitude toward the campaign and changes in health attitudes and behavior.


The article explores the postmodernist approach to biography through an analysis of the novel "The Last Testament of Oscar Wilde" (1983) by Peter Ackroyd. The theoretical framework the essay uses provides a synthesis of relevant ideas on the subject: it touches on Julia Kristeva, William Irwin and Linda Hutcheon's observations on intertextuality, as well as Fredric Jameson and Roger Fowler's views on pastiche and parody. It also draws slight parallels to other Ackroyd's works which use similar literary methods and techniques. The essay concludes by reinforcing the fact that, despite the postmodernist distortions and all its playful ventriloquism, the novel is perfectly capable of providing a genuine insight into the life of its subject, managing to bring this character from the past alive to the reader – which is, the essay asserts, the only aim of any significance of a true biography.


In 1996 the Council of the European Research Network on Services and Space (RESER) agreed to conduct an annual review or synthesis of developments in services research and policy across Europe. Service researchers based in ten European countries were invited to identify the main trends in services research as indicated in key publications and work in progress. This task was undertaken for service research in general in 1996 and 1997 [Bonamy and Daniels, 1997; May and Bonamy, 1998]. The annual production of a review of all service literature has been somewhat of a daunting exercise given the complexity and heterogeneous nature of service activities and occupations. What restrictions, if any, should be placed upon such a review? Which literatures should be included and which excluded? To address some of these problems it was decided by the RESER Council to restrict the 1998 survey to research addressing the issue of internationalisation. It was considered that this would simplify the task as well as ensure that the RESER annual synthesis mirrored the theme of the annual conference. In many respects this has made the task of producing a summary and review of the European service literature much more difficult as the individual country literatures on this topic are surprisingly quite limited. Maybe surprisingly is the wrong word, as there is a substantial literature on internationalisation, but this is a literature that does not have an explicit service focus [see, for example, Bryson et al., 1999]. Related to this is an increasing trend in the Anglo-American literature for service research to be integrated into main stream economic geography. There are numerous papers about service industries and occupations whose authors would not consider themselves to be service researchers. There is, for example, a less visible service literature that is exploring issues connected with


Objective To compare the analytical applications and thoracic video-assisted thoracic surgical treatment of myasthenia gravis treatment,so as to surgical treatment of myasthenia gravis provide further guidance on the choice of basis.Methods Video-assisted thoracic surgical treatment of 22 patients with myasthenia gravis from January 2008 to January 2010 in our hospital set up in the observation group,choose another application over the same period 20 cases of thoracic surgery patients with myasthenia gravis as a control group,comparative analysis of two groups of surgical results.Results The response rate(complete parts) was significantly higher,the deterioration of the observation group was significantly lower than the control group(P0.05).Two groups had no significant differences in pathology.No case of postoperative bleeding,phrenic nerve injury and deaths in the observation group and the occurrence of postoperative myasthenic crisis lung infection ratio was significantly lower than the control group(P0.05).Conclusion VATS used in myasthenia gravis is safe,less invasive,faster recovery and effective,reliable,fewer complications,significantly better than open heart surgery,which should be promoted and applied.


Objective To explore the effect of early intervention nursing care on infants with very low birth weight. Methods A total of 128 infants with very low birth weight were intervened with early intervention nursing care,such as the early warm,maintaining respiratory system unobstructed,breathe oxygen continually or intermittently,early minim breast-feeding,strict disinfection and isolation,prevention from infection,and infant massage and health guidance for mothers. Results The average days of staying in hospital decreased and the cure rate increased.Newborn sclerosis and breathing syndrome decreased significantly(P0.05),and pneumonia and dyspepsia also decreased (P0.01).Conclusions The early intervention nursing care and hospital guidance reduce the average days of staying in hospital and reduce the disease incidence in infants with very low birth weight.


Objectives. To determine the prevalence of various degrees of incomplete bladder emptying in elderly patients admitted into a convalescent hospital and to determine the reasonable cut-off value of post-void residual (PVR) volume, to use as a trigger for further investigations and interventions, based on the relationship between PVR and the liability to urinary tract infection (UTI). Methods. A total of 119 consecutive patients admitted into two convalescent wards in August 2004 were included. Patients without urinary catheter on admission were screened within 48 hours using an ultrasonic bladder scanner to estimate PVR immediately after micturition. Also, a urine sample was sent for routine microscopy and culture within 48 hours of admission. Medical records were reviewed for any UTI before and up to 4 weeks after admission. Results. Approximately 22% patients were found to have an estimated PVR of more than 100 mL and in 9.2% it exceeded 400 mL (for which immediate catheterization was carried out). Conclusions. Screening of all patients on admission for raised PVR is recommended to identify the hidden problem early and to prevent subsequent complications. There was increased risk of UTI when the PVR was more than 100 mL. This appeared to be a reasonable and practical cut-off value for elderly patients that should prompt further investigation and possible intervention.


This paper explores the contents,principles and methods of accounting for enterprise management.Beginning with the understanding of accounting for strategy mamagement,it focuses its analysis upon the necessity of applying strategy mamagement.


The purpose of this paper is to solve the Signal Setting Design (SSD) at a single junction. Two methods can be applied in SSD: the monocriteria optimisation in which one objective function is considered and the multicriteria optimisation in which two or more objective functions can be involved in the optimisation. This paper aims at the implementation of the multicriteria Genetic Algorithms (GAs). Two Pareto-based methods are applied to a single "T" junction: the Goldberg's Pareto ranking and the Non dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II (NSGA II). The combinations of functions considered for multicriteria optimisation are: (i) the total delay minimisation and the queue length minimisation, (ii) the total delay minimisation and the total number of stops minimisation. Some concluding remarks are made with respect to the effect of population size, crossover rate and mutation rate, with respect to the effectiveness of criteria, with respect to the effectiveness of algorithms.


For 40 years, the Revista Gaúcha de Enfermagem (RGE) has adapted its editorial processes to meet the requirements of the scientific community and a commitment to publish research results, providing visibility and transfer of knowledge in different scenarios, with consequent influence on the decision-taking that impact society in social, economic, environmental and health contexts. In this sense, following SciELO Brazil's guidelines, as of volume 39 (2018), RGE adopted the modality of rolling publishing in line with the growing trend of exclusively online periodicals. This involves publishing in annual volumes, without the number of fascicles; therefore, the articles will be published as they are approved. Authors are currently seeking periodicals that can offer a shorter time between the decision and the publication of articles. Thus, this modality of knowledge transfer that speeds up the process of communication of scientific production allows the results of innovative studies to reach the public more rapidly, as well as subsidizing financial and regulatory bodies regarding the benefits of these studies for society, this being one of the important criteria for granting incentives. For periodical editors, rolling publishing provides characteristics that often cannot be replicated in printed form, such as: avoiding the accumulation of articles which are ready but depend on others for closure of the edition, enabling an increase in the number of articles published per volume, reducing printing costs, among others. Rolling publishing favors the metrics of periodicals by making it possible to reduce the time between submission and publication, as well as demonstrating the impact of productions on the academic environment and the respective periodical, thus attracting researchers.


Drawing on conservation of resources (COR) theory, this study examines how and when sincere social interaction affects tourist immersion at the destination. We develop a moderated mediation model in which emotional solidarity mediates the relationship between sincere social interaction and tourist immersion, while extraversion moderates the link between sincere social interaction and emotional solidarity. Data were collected from 391 tourists via an online survey and were analyzed using partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). The findings indicate that sincere social interaction directly influences tourist immersion, and this relationship is mediated by emotional solidarity. Furthermore, extraversion significantly moderates the effects of sincere social interaction on emotional solidarity, and this effect is stronger for tourists with high extraversion scores. Additionally, extraversion strengthens the indirect link between sincere social interaction and tourist immersion, and again, the link is stronger for highly extraverted tourists.


Since 1997 women in a consultant-led unit in Inverness have had access to a purpose-designed pool for labour and birth. The number of women using the pool over the last 11 years has steadily increased and midwives have gained more experience and confidence in the use of the pool for labour and birth. This article describes the ongoing evaluation of the pool from September 1997 to December 2008 and identifies how the experience in Inverness varies from other units in the UK.


A foremost Muslim intellectual and scholar of the twentieth century, Fazlur Rahman (1919-1988) is known for his modernist views that challenged traditional Muslim understanding of prophetic practice (sunnah) and prophetic reports (hadith) and his philosophical reflections on the nature of revelation that have caused much controversy. This thesis focuses on the latter, presenting a critical analysis of Fazlur Rahman's views on prophecy (nubuwwah), the nature of revelation and other pertinent issues as put forth in his philosophical and religious writings. It examines his arguments in comparison with the traditional views of classical Muslim scholars. After a sketch of his early life, education, academic career and scholarly contribution in the field of Islamic studies, a summary is provided of the traditional views of selected Muslim scholars, theologians and philosophers on prophecy and revelation, followed by an elaboration of modernist Muslim thought on prophecy. Analytical examination of Fazlur Rahman's views is presented with particular attention to his reflections on the Qur'anic terms pertaining to revelation such wahy, tanzil and al-Ruh al-Quds. The study has found that Fazlur Rahman's thought on prophecy differs in many respects from the position of traditional Muslim scholars. First, it becomes clear that Fazlur Rahman sought to 'naturalize' and 'rationalize' the phenomena of prophecy in the light of Greek philosophical ideas. Second, he consequently concludes that the Holy Qur'an is not only the Word of God (Kalam Allah) but also the Word of the Prophet - a view which squarely contradicts the consensus of Muslim scholars. Third, he also denies the involvement of any angel in the process of revelation. Thus, in contrast to the widely accepted view of ulama', Fazlur Rahman asserts that the Prophet received revelation through al-Ruh al-Quds or al-Ruh al-Amin which he believes to be nothing but the Prophet's own natural faculty.


[Objective]To understand the content of iodized salt in the district.[Methods]Salt samples were collected randomly from 288 houses,the samples were tested based on the national standard.[Results]94.1% of the salt tested were up to standard and 0.7% of the salt tested were not up to standard,5.2% of the salt were non-iodized salt.There was a difference of the non-iodized salt in rural areas and city(P0.05).[Conclusion]Supervision and management must be strengthened in rural areas,propaganda on the consumption of iodized salt must be improved.


Among the topics discussed are implicit methods for the solution of the one-dimensional wave equation, second-order explicit methods for transient flow analysis, a generalized implicit finite difference method for transient analysis of compressible and incompressible fluid flows, the modeling of transient two-component flow with a four-point implicit method, one-dimensional transient gas flow with internal heating, transient pressure wave radial and axial variations, and vaporous and gaseous cavitation simulation. Also discussed are variable celerity modeling by the method of characteristics, a numerical model for transients in petroleum product pipelines, solid-liquid-gas mixture one-dimensional transient flows, hydraulic transients in tunnels with concurrent open channel and pressurized flow, and waterhammer transient control with dynamic programming of valve stoking. For individual items see A84-13235 to A84-13238.