Guaranteeing food security in the country is a multifaceted issue that requires a comprehensive solution. It is important not only to produce raw materials for food products, but also to establish an efficient logistics network that will ensure delivery to the final consumer. In order to do it, it is important to store agricultural products, livestock and fish, as well as to create a reliable material base that will ensure the safety of products throughout the entire storage period.


This paper calculates the contribution rate of secondary vocational education on economic growth in China between 1985 and 2007,using the data of secondary vocational education and economic growth.The test shows that the expansion of secondary vocational education affects the economic growth.The article provides that increasing investment,establishing related laws and making guidances to ensure the development of secondary vocational education.


ABSTRACT This paper proposes two new variability measures for categorical data. The first variability measure is obtained as one minus the square root of the sum of the squares of the relative frequencies of the different categories. The second measure is obtained by standardizing the first measure. The measures proposed are functions of the variability measure proposed by Gini [Variabilitá e Mutuabilitá Contributo allo Studio delle Distribuzioni e delle Relazioni Statistiche, C. Cuppini, Bologna, 1912] and approximate the coefficient of nominal variation introduced by Kvålseth [Coefficients of variation for nominal and ordinal categorical data, Percept. Motor Skills 80 (1995), pp. 843–847] when the number of categories increases. Different mathematical properties of the proposed variability measures are studied and analyzed. Several examples illustrate how the variability measures can be interpreted and used in practice.


Simple Summary In recent years, obesity and metabolic syndrome (MetS) have become more prevalent owing to increased unhealthy habits and sedentary lifestyles, becoming public health problems. Experimental studies have allowed us to explore the mechanisms underlying the pathophysiological processes related to MetS. Several research protocols can be carried out with minimal staff, maintenance, and resources in animals such as rabbits. High-fat diets enriched with other components, mainly cholesterol and sugars, result in the rapid development of hypercholesterolemia and vascular alterations as a response to dietary manipulation. Furthermore, other experimental models, including transgenic rabbits with altered expression of specific genes, have been used to decrease the duration of experimental studies and increase the response to diet. Abstract Obesity and metabolic syndrome (MetS) have become a growing problem for public health and clinical practice, given their increased prevalence due to the rise of sedentary lifestyles and excessive caloric intake from processed food rich in fat and sugar. There are several definitions of MetS, but most of them describe it as a cluster of cardiovascular and metabolic alterations such as abdominal obesity, reduced high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and elevated low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, elevated triglycerides, glucose intolerance, and hypertension. Diagnosis requires three out of these five criteria to be present. Despite the increasing prevalence of MetS, the understanding of its pathophysiology and relationship with disease is still limited. Indeed, the pathological consequences of MetS components have been reported individually, but investigations that have studied the effect of the combination of MeS components on organ pathological remodeling are almost nonexistent. On the other hand, animal models are a powerful tool in understanding the mechanisms that underlie pathological processes such as MetS. In the first part of the review, we will briefly overview the advantages, disadvantages and pathological manifestations of MetS in porcine, canine, rodent, and rabbit diet-induced experimental models. Then, we will focus on the different dietary regimes that have been used in rabbits to induce MetS by means of high-fat, cholesterol, sucrose or fructose-enriched diets and their effects on physiological systems and organ remodeling. Finally, we will discuss the use of dietary regimes in different transgenic strains and special rabbit breeds.


Reliability of electronic devices is heavily dependent on joint quality and durability under various ambient conditions. This article is focused on comparing of different assembly methods, particularly stencil printing and dispensing paste deposition and compares lead and lead-free solder pastes with one-component and two-component epoxy based electrically conductive adhesives. The evaluation method is based on resistance measurement after accelerated stress tests. The aging was conducted using automatic mechanical cyclic stress machine tester and joint resistance to environment was tested using long term temperature straining and combined humidity and temperature straining. Shear strength measurement was done in order to determine mechanical stability of the connection.


We then learn how slaves contested oppressions in the legal system; of negotiated (yet still constrained) spaces and concepts of liberty; of the high, quickening pace of self-purchased manumissions (in which wage-earning slaves pushed a dynamic of bargaining their own price of freedom); the social universe of runaways and rogues; why the exceptionalism of open revolt; and how together, as slow erosions of social control, such factors coloured the form of Peruvian abolition. Apart from compelling findings, Aguirre's book brims with methodological virtue. He has produced a mature, even an exemplary piece of social history. The work builds from scratch, mainly from the difficult undergrowth of legal and criminal records, a lost social world of Peruvian slaves. It deftly deploys fresh quantitative materials; carefully subjects data to lucidly-posed questions; yet all the while providing a keen feel for the quotidian lives and even moral dilemmas of slaves. It is strong antidote to stale elite narratives on slavery and abolition in early republican Peru. Best of all, Aguirre integrates the leading paradigms of the field drawn from Rebecca Scott and James Scott (no-relation), sociologist Paterson, comparativist Klein with nuance, insight, balance. For example, slave resistance and transcripts become key, but never exaggerated links in the slow meltdown of the system. Thus, few doubts linger on the solidity of Aguirre's findings, which superbly round out global understandings of this still murky period and region. A cranky reviewer can always quibble with an excellent job. While Aguirre shines in social analysis, it sometimes comes at the expense of complementary economic or political perspective. A recent Nobel Laureate of slavery stands conspicuously absent from the bibliography, and may have helped sort out those paradoxes of price and freedom; a world the slaveholders (politically) made appears overly impoverished. One also hoped for more on the cultures of AfroPeruvians as more than a quarter of Lima's population, they left an indelible mark on Creole society and I would think, indirectly, even on nascent national identities. The lean closing chapter on abolition whets an appetite for fuller analysis. And one wonders who gave the book its sexy but misleading title ' agentes de su propia libertad' — for as Aguirre subtly shows, those ideas require a lot of historical caveat. Yet, these are tiny quibbles to Carlos Aguirre's laudable and lasting contribution to both Peruvian history and comparative slave studies.


To the Editor: Belatedly I found, but was disappointed to read, the systematic review by Geurts et al.1 on radiofrequency therapy and the accompanying editorial by Carr and Goudas.2 The tenor of these articles is unfortunately nihilistic, and I rise to defend radiofrequency therapy lest the articles be abused by organizations intent upon discrediting radiofrequency neurotomy. Foremost, both articles use arbitrary numbers to define "adequate" sample sizes. They eliminate from consideration studies with fewer than 20 patients. This is egregious on 2 counts. First it seems to be a convention among systematic reviewers3-8 to use a quality scale in which maximum points are accorded to studies with sample sizes of 100 and minimum points are accorded to studies with 50 patients. The implication is that studies with fewer than 50 patients are not meaningful. This is untrue. Arbitrary sample sizes ignore the true test that is provided by the rules of statistics. The statistical power of any study can be calculated. If a study has adequate statistical power, its results cannot be denied. To reject it is a political statement, not one based on science. Yet sample size is only one determinant of statistical power. Others are the difference in outcome observed and the duration over which it is sustained. Because the study of Lord et al.9 had 12 patients in each arm, it was eliminated in the discussion by the review1 and dismissed by the editorial.2 What both sets of authors ignore and withhold from readers is that the study in question had immense statistical power (100%) to demonstrate the difference that it found. To call for larger studies under those conditions would be unethical. To do so requires patients to volunteer for sham treatment when the treatment has already been proven beyond doubt statistically, just to satisfy the intuition of cynical reviewers that "more is better." Ethics is another issue not considered by the authors of either the review or the editorial. They do not provide readers with any insight into what is required and what is involved in a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of a surgical procedure. For cervical radiofrequency neurotomy, a control patient is required to undergo a sham procedure for 3 hours. How do the authors propose that we explain to such volunteers that although we are already 100% certain, we would like you to volunteer in order to collect bigger numbers, in order to satisfy critics who use arbitrary numbers to assess quality, and who do not respect power calculations? Our own ethics committees are conscious of such matters, and require that the study be the minimum size to achieve optimal statistical power. Perhaps the requirements are different in Holland and in the United States. Whereas large numbers may be feasible for drug trials and trials of physical therapy, they are not so when it comes to trials of surgery. Neither the authors of the review nor the authors of the editorial credit this difference. Perhaps they have never had to perform a sham operation on a willing patient for 3 hours and have them endure 12 months of follow-up. Practical and pragmatic differences apply to the conduct of double-blind studies of surgery. Perhaps the authors could have offered a greater service if they had pointed this out to readers and to those individuals who will use their publications cynically. It is one thing to call for "large numbers" reflexly, on the basis of systems developed for conservative treatments of low risk. It is another to have insight into what is involved in trials of surgery. Another insight not provided by the authors is that it is the policy of some journals to delete formal descriptions of statistical power on the grounds, first, that the journal would not publish the article if it did not have sufficient power and second, that the power would be evident from the data should anyone wish to calculate it. This was certainly the case with the New England Journal of Medicine before the publication of Lord et al.9 Also egregious is the way that Geurts et al.1 lament that the controls used in the studies reviewed were not "placebo." They were absolute placebos. In the study of Lord et al.9 every action was exactly the same in both groups, save that no electricity was supplied to the control group. This is a perfect control for the issue in question—is radiofrequency a placebo? What Geurts et al.1 confuse is using an untreated group as a control, which would no longer constitute a placebo-controlled trial. Had any investigator adopted what Geurts et al.1 suggest as a control, 2 variables, not just 1 would have been different in the control group; those patients would have been denied both local anesthetic and electricity. Moreover, they would then have been unblinded, for they would have felt the probing and lack of heating. Geurts et al.1 are correct in the way that they have concluded that there is "limited" evidence for radiofrequency neurotomy. They defined their term as meaning not more than one high-quality randomized controlled trial. However, this term should not be interpreted as evidence of limited efficacy. What evidence is available is statistically strong and incontrovertible. The issue at hand and what the authors of the editorial,2 in particular, did not address is why there are so few studies of radiofrequency neurotomy. The answer lies in 2 subordinate questions: who would do them, and who would fund them? There are precious few academics skilled in radiofrequency neurotomy who might be able to conduct placebo-controlled trials; most of those individuals have already contributed to the literature. Private practitioners cannot be expected to conduct such trials.


The mechanism of pour point depressant for the diesel flow improver and lubricating oil is basically the same. Therefore the effect of pour point depression for the copolymer between the acrylic esters and a second senior monomers effect on diesel fuel should be the same to the lubricant oil. In several solution polymerization methods with different solvents,using orthogonal test method or the uniform law to take the copolymerization experiment between the higher acrylate and a second monomer,the copolymers were used as the standard oil of diesel to take a pour point determination. Finally,the effect of pour point depression for the copolymer between the higher acrylate and a second monomer on diesel and diesel fractions,respectively,was investigated deeply with their pour degrees.


Predicting analytically the coupling losses generated in a cable for fusion magnets is still a significant challenge. Difficulties are related to the complex geometry of the system: several multi-strand stages embedded in one another with different twist pitches length, difficulty to model multiplets of strands, including compaction to the final shape. A two-stage analytical geometry based model (COLISEUM) has previously been developed at CEA. We try to extend it to any n-stage cables We detail here an iterative enhancement method to an n-stage model. We validated it against experimental data and shown that it is robust enough to fit our measured coupling losses. Finally, this upgraded model can be used to assess coupling losses in fusion n-stage cables in a particularly precise way from only geometrical information and analytical tools.


This paper presents the utility and the limits of the fair value. We believe that any new product must be tried and tested before being imposed on the market and must be accepted by all potential users and those who will be affected, directly or indirectly and its advantages, disadvantages, risks, its cost must be predetermined and analyzed in a comprehensive and objective.We ask: Do financial statements at fair value meet users' expectations? The requirement to use fair value pricing model that was carrying was not accompanied by a parallel examination of its impact on the presentation of accounts.


Objective : To determine the Quality of Life glaucoma patients using Glaucoma Symptom Scale(GSS) and Glaucoma Quality Of Life-15 Score (GQL-15) Method : This was a cross sectional study. Subjects were patients diagnosed with primary glaucoma, aged >18 years, and able to fully comprehend the quiz on their regular visits. One hundred glaucoma patients were evaluated for their symptoms using Glaucoma Symptom Scale (GSS), and their ability to perform daily activities using the Glaucoma Quality of Life-15 Questionnaire (GQL-15). We analyze the correlation between the age, sex, visual acuity, medical and surgical treatment to the patients' quality of life.
Results: Data shows that there were significant differences between the visual GSS and the GQL- 15 score among respondents with unilateral blindness, bilateral blindness, and no blindness, which is patients with bilateral blindness have the worsen quality of life. The other GSS and GQL-15 statistical
test showed no significant result. Conclusion: Quality of life assesment in glaucoma patient is an essential part to provide the most suitable and convenient treatment both in terms of vision and also improving their quality of life. GSS and GQL-15 were the suitable instrument to asses and determine the Quality of Life glaucoma patient in clinical practice.


In order to eliminate the influence of seasonal factors on the forecast of passenger traffic volume,the method of average seasonal index,moving average tendency outlier and least square tendency outlier are employed to calculate the seasonal index of railway passenger traffic volume from 2002 to 2004.Through error analysis,the essay indicates that the outlier method of least square tendency is better in reflecting seasonal change status of traffic volume,and is the best choice for the forecast.


Fast neutrons were generated from a deuterated polystyrene (C8D8) solid-target irradiated by a high-intensity laser. A TOF neutron signal is analyzed in detail. A neutron yield of 1206 n/pulse is estimated from a CR-39 neutron detection, and a maximum deuterium ion energy of 76 keV is measured from a Faraday cup signal. The employed laser has a 27-fs pulse width and a 260-mJ pulse energy.


GRB 980519 had the most rapidly fading of the well-documented gamma-ray burst (GRB) afterglows, consistent with t in BVRI as well as in X-rays during the 2 days in which observations were made. We report VRI observations from the MDM 1.3 m and WIYN 3.5 m telescopes, and we synthesize an optical spectrum from all of the available photometry. The optical spectrum alone is well fitted by a power law of the form ν, with some of the uncertainty due to the significant Galactic reddening in this direction. The optical and X-ray spectra together are adequately fitted by a single power law, ν. This combination of steep temporal decay and flat broadband spectrum places a severe strain on the simplest afterglow models involving spherical blast waves in a homogeneous medium. Instead, the rapid observed temporal decay is more consistent with models of expansion into a medium of density n(r)∝r, or with predictions of the evolution of a jet after it slows down and spreads laterally. The jet model would relax the energy requirements on some of the more extreme GRBs, of which GRB 980519 is likely to be an example because of its large gamma-ray fluence and faint host galaxy.


This study aimed to investigate the relationship between circulating soluble C‐X‐C chemokine ligand 16 (CXCL16) levels and clinical characteristics of gallstone.


The present study assessed the effect of seed inoculation with single or multiple plant growth-promoting rhizobacterial (PGPR) strains on yield in spring wheat (Triticum aestivum spp. vulgare var. Kirik) and barley (Hordeum vulgare cv. Tokak) plants in both greenhouse and field conditions during the years 2007 and 2008. The treatments of wheat and barley plants during the first year included: (1) Control (no inoculation and no fertilizer), (2) Bacillus OSU-142 (B.OSU-142), (3) Bacillus megaterium M3 (B. megaterium M3), (4) Azospirillum brasilense Sp.245 (A. brasilense Sp.245), (5) Mixed 1 (B.OSU-142 + Bacillus M3 + Azospirillum AB-245), (6) Bacillus megaterium RC07 (B. megaterium RC07), (7) Paenibacillus polymyxa RC05, (8) Bacillus licheniformis RC08, (9) mineral nitrogen N1 (80 kg N ha -1 ) and (10) N2 (40 kg N ha -1 in the form of urea). In the second year treatments were: (1) Raoutella terrigena (R. Terrigena), (2) Burkholderia cepacia FS Tur (B. cepacia FS Tur), (3) B. OSU-142 ARM, (4) B. M3 ARM, (5) A. sp.245 ARM, (6) P. polymyxa RC14, (7) B. megaterium RC10, (8) Mixed 2 (Bacillus OSU-142+ Bacillus M3+ Azospirillum brasilense sp.245 + 40 kg N ha) in addition to the first year treatments. Greenhouse and the two years of field trials at two sites showed that seed inoculation with bacterial strains significantly affected yield, yield components and quality parameters both in spring wheat and barley. In greenhouse trials, single inoculations of seeds with PGPRs gave root and shoot weight increases by 11.0-16.5% and 14.4-30.4% in wheat and by 10.3-18.8% and 11.9-21.5% in barley. Combinations of three bacteria increased root and shoots weight by 18.3-31.5% in wheat and by 21.4-23.8 in barley and bacterial inoculations also increased grain yield by 4.3-18.5% in wheat and 8.3-19.1% in barley, respectively. In field


American Society of Anesthesiologists recommends a balanced, multimodal analgesia (MMA) for managing acute postoperative pain.[5] Although opioids and NSAIDs are the cornerstone drugs used in perioperative period; drugs like paracetamol, alpha 2 agonists, N‐methyl‐D aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonists, gabapentinoids, dexamethasone, and epidural/peripheral nerve catheter infusion should be used as a part of MMA. Opioids and NSAIDs can be timed according to the hormonal profile so as to have good therapeutic effect and minimal adverse effects. Further studies need to address the appropriate timings wherein other drugs used in MMA can exert better therapeutic effects in combination with opioids and NSAIDs.


e15002 Background: Our aim was to evaluate the significance of serum inflammatory markers including serum C-reactive protein (CRP) level, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), neutrophil lymphocyte...


Organizational change requires drivers of change. To be a driver of change, emotional intelligence is imperative. This article presented emotional intelligence as a leading driver of managing change in an organization. It delved into the effect of emotional intelligence capabilities of the supervisors in devolved governments / units (counties) in Kenya on the staff perception on county commitment to change. Specifically, the article highlighted the different perspectives of emotional intelligence and its five components of self-awareness, self-regulation, self-motivation, empathy, and social skill. In furtherance, the article examined how emotional intelligence contributes to change management focusing on building a team to effect change, and overcoming resistance to change.  The study focused on staff in devolved governance units in Kenya-the counties; in particular, 406 employees of Kakamega Kwale and Meru counties. The empirical results support the hypothesis that employees who view their managers/supervisors as being emotionally intelligent tend to believe that the senior administration of the county is committed and is in a position to drive the required change. Empathy and awareness dimensions are the most significant predictors of positive opinion on change management in the counties. The effects of both these dimensions are non-linear. The study also noted that staff who have lower opinion of county leadership being committed to change are more influenced by leaders' empathy and awareness.  County employees holding supervisory/managerial positions such as senior administrators are perceived in turn as possessing emotional intelligence. They are often the drivers of change. Keywords: Change, Emotional Intelligence (EI). CITATION: Tumaini, V.,  Gichinga , L., Datche, E., & Omido, K. (2020). Drivers of change management in public sector transformation; Effect of managers' emotional intelligence. The Strategic Journal of Business & Change Management , 7(2), 569 – 578.


IoT systems face a severe energy autonomy challenge in keeping electronics alive without massive and heavy batteries, pressing for the development of efficient ultra low power architectures and energy harvesting solutions. In this paper we present a new IoT system designed for long-term tracking applications of personal vehicles and moving assets, such as bicycles and carts. The system integrates Cellular, GNSS and BLE communication technologies that enable the implementation of a wide set of geo-aware tracking and fitness monitoring applications. Power consumption minimization is one of the main goals and design challenges for the presented system. This paper focuses on methods and techniques for power consumption optimization at the hardware and software level. We present the design of a miniature kinetic energy harvesting solution and of system architectures for leakage currents minimization and ultra-low power consumption. Results obtained in both simulation and in-field experiments demonstrate high efficiency and performance of the proposed solution, resulting in energy neutral performance of continuous tracking task.


A mobile base station (MBS) comprises a central unit (CU), a distributed unit (DU), and a remote unit (RU) for efficient deployment in 5th-generation mobile communications system and beyond. The link between a DU and an RU is established using an optical fiber and is renowned as fronthaul (FH). Our study aims to reduce the cost of this FH link. Networking and wirelessly connecting the FH link have been studied to suppress the FH link cost and to flexibly deploy RU1s. Wireless fronthauling is an important solution because it can dispense with optical fiber laying. The location of MBSs is also an important issue. RUs are densely deployed to gain high wireless throughput per area. A DU should be located at a place where RUs can perform cooperative operation and the latency requirement is satisfied. To reduce the optical fiber deployment cost, we studied the DU placement design using wireless multihop links and point-to-point (PtP) optical links. It determines the DU locations to increase the wireless links for reducing the deployment cost. The problem of this scheme is that most of the RUs are still connected to the DU via PtP optical links. This paper proposes a novel FH designing scheme that employs a passive optical network (PON) and wireless multi-hop as well as PtP optical links. We propose a separate designing algorithm for the wireless and PON links. The optical fiber link cost is observed to reduce when compared with that of the previously proposed scheme using a simulation.


The primary objective of this prospective, randomized study was to compare the efficacy of a reduced regimen of only four doses of unpegylated filgrastim from day +8 to +11 per cycle with a standard once per cycle administration of pegylated filgrastim to maintain dose‐intensity of R‐CHOP‐14 (rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, prednisone given every 14 d) in previously untreated elderly patients with diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL). We included 51 patients (median age 66 years, range 60–76). Median dose intensity did not differ between the group of 24 patients receiving four doses of unpegylated filgrastim of each cycle (87·5%) and the group of 27 patients receiving pegylated filgrastim once per cycle on day 2 (89·4%) (P = 0·9). There was also no difference in the frequency of adverse events, such as episodes of neutropenic fever and unplanned hospitalizations. Patient characteristics that negatively influenced dose intensity were reduced performance status, advanced stage disease and poor‐risk International Prognostic Index, with Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status ≥2 being the most significant factor. In conclusion, a limited support with 4 d of filgrastim appears to be equivalent to pegylated filgrastim administered once per cycle, and appears to be sufficient to maintain dose‐intensity of the R‐CHOP‐14 regimen in elderly patients with DLBCL without risk factors.


So MANY competent economists are pretty well agreed that improvement values should be taxed much less and location values should be taxed much more that property tax reform is hardly an economic issue today (1). Of course many land speculators are still trying to make the voters think it is a question that remains in the realm of debate. But the economic need for property tax reform is so overwhelming that it is winning fair consideration. Property tax reform today has become mostly a political question and a political problem-a political problem of how to get enough voters to understand which side their bread is buttered on; a political problem of how to get more politicians to believe they could win more votes at the next election if they would come out for property tax reform instead of against it; a political problem with the multi-billion dollar vested interest in land speculation fighting hard and dirty to block any change. So property tax reform won't get very far unless and until property tax reformers begin paying a lot more attention to its political aspects and give a lot more thought to what they could learn from smart politicians at City Hall and to what they might learn from their few past political successes and their many past political failures. In all the 95 years since Henry George's Progress and Poverty caused a world-wide sensation neither he nor his followers have been able to persuade even one United States city or state to apply his teaching as he taught it-not even Hawaii and not even Pittsburgh, in both of which land is still so under-assessed as compared with improvements as to more than offset (in Hawaii) or almost offset (in Pittsburgh) the partial application of the graded tax plan there. This 95-year record of almost complete failure to sell a good and muchneeded product should make it more than obvious that it is high time to try a better approach. "Nobody needs a Gallup poll to prove that the property tax has surfaced as a central political issue of the 1970s," writes the director of the joint Harvard-MIT housing study. "The 1972 presidential campaign


Background: We have developed a method for spatially-dense 3D speckle tracking that tracks speckle features in myocardium to allow calculation of full 3D displacement and strain from 4D full-volume...


Objective:To investigate the value of reducing SDS-PAGE to detect single-chain ratio of pro-urokinase(pro-UK).Methods:A thrombin resistant pro-UK mutant(Arg156-Lys 156) was constructed with PCR amplification.The thrombin cleavage site was deleted by this mutagenesis.The mutant gene was transfected into dhfr-CHO cells(dihydrofolate reductase deficient Chinese hamster ovary cells).Serum-free supernatant liquid was harvested and TRpro-UK(thrombin resistant pro-UK) purified with ion-exchange chromatography and gel filtration chromatography.Results:The single-chain ratio was 86.72% with reducing SDS-PAGE and 96.91% with chromogenic substrate assay.The single-chain ratio changed greatly with the variant sample concentrations.Conclusion:Reducing SDS-PAGE,which is under violate reducing condition,is not suitable for detecting pro-UK single-chain ratio.


A widely accepted assumption concerning the form of Chinese traditional cities is that they are derived from Confucian Cosmology and Fengshui theory, thus making them full of myth and symbolism. In this paper, we attempt to build three arguments based on political economic perspectives. Firstly, borrowing Kevin Lynch's definitions (1981), we argue that the ideal form of Chinese traditional cities is a mechanical, functional model rather than a magical one. Secondly, by examining historical maps of various capital cities, we suggest that the form-evolution as well as distribution of Chinese cities can be better classified according to the relationship between the tributary mode of production (TMP) and the petty capitalist mode of production (PCMP). Thirdly, we argue that it is possible to use our classification and analysis to examine the form of current Chinese cities as the nature of the Chinese political economy remains relatively unchanged.


To reveal the effects of different land use types in early stage on insects community diversity in the Citrus orchard,an investigation of insect community diversity in 3 plots(the Citrus orchard remade from wastelandⅠ,the Citrus orchard remade from farmland Ⅱ and the traditional Citrus orchard Ⅲ),was carried out by pitfall trapping in Panxi Township,Huaning County,Yunnan Province of China.There were 212 insect individuals collected from the plot Ⅰ,313 insect individuals collected from the plot Ⅱ and 431 insect individuals collected from the plot Ⅲ.The dominant groups were Coleoptera,Diptera and Formicidae(Hymenoptera),which accounted for 59.5%.There were differences in common species and composition of ants in the three types Citrus orchards.The plot with the highest insect abundance and species richness was plot Ⅲ,the plot Ⅰ had the lowest insect abundance,and the plot Ⅱ has the lowest species richness.There were lower similarity of insect community in the three types Citrus orchards.The indicator species of ants were different in the three types Citrus orchards.The results showed that the insect composition,diversity,community and indicator species in Citrus orchards were affected by the land use types in early stage and the habitats surrounding the Citrus orchard.


The preparation method and the application in laundry powder of layer complex sodium silicate (LCS) are introduced in detail.The detersive power of laundry powder made from LCS is better than that from soda metasilicate,layer crystal silica and 4A mordenite,the test shows that LCS is a phosphorus free washing assistant with better effect of application at present.


Ce0.975A0.025O2 (A=Co, Ni) was synthesized using sol-gel method. X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV-Vis and Raman spectroscopy are employed to evaluate structural, optoelectronic and vibrational properties of samples. XRD and Raman analysis confirms substitution of Co and Ni in CeO2 host matrix. It is observed that Co doping cause more strain and structural disorder than Ni doping in CeO2. This is also reflected from crystallite size of samples. A broad Raman band emerges at ∼540-650 cm-1 indicating increase in oxygen vacancies with doping. X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) analysis estimates oxygen vacancies and valance state of Ce (Ce3+/Ce4+) in CeO2.Ce0.975A0.025O2 (A=Co, Ni) was synthesized using sol-gel method. X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV-Vis and Raman spectroscopy are employed to evaluate structural, optoelectronic and vibrational properties of samples. XRD and Raman analysis confirms substitution of Co and Ni in CeO2 host matrix. It is observed that Co doping cause more strain and structural disorder than Ni doping in CeO2. This is also reflected from crystallite size of samples. A broad Raman band emerges at ∼540-650 cm-1 indicating increase in oxygen vacancies with doping. X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) analysis estimates oxygen vacancies and valance state of Ce (Ce3+/Ce4+) in CeO2.


The invention describes a method for a equipped with environment sensor vehicle for generating a trafficability of at least one to be traversed by the vehicle portion representing evaluation signal (603a), said evaluation signal (603a) depends on the environment data (601), which are detected by the surroundings sensor system , is determined, characterized in that the evaluation signal (603a) further depends on at least one environmental information (602a) from a topology of at least one route section representing height card and / or at least one of a pitch and / or roll angle representing the movement amount (622a) of the is determined vehicle.


The authors collected and analyzed statistical indicators of the use and pollution of water resources in Russia for the time period 2009-2019. The authors studied the dynamics of statistical data on water withdrawal from natural water reservoirs for practical use, as well as on discharge of polluted sewage, and also differentiated the data obtained by the main types of economic activity (industries). Some conclusions are made on the effectiveness of the implementation of measures for the protection of water resources for each type of activity. The article highlights the industries using water resources most efficiently over the past 10 years and systematically implementing measures to reduce the discharge of polluted wastewater into surface water bodies. The study shows in which industries the efficiency of water purification and water use activities has decreased for the same period. The results of the analysis can be used to optimize and manage measures for the use and conservation of water resources for certain types of economic activities.


Society must bear the increasingly heavy cost of environmental pollution. An appreciable part of enterprise profits and society's income goes into defraying this cost. Most economic decisions require special economic substantiation, and the most economical variant is chosen from the set of possible variants. The necessary costs are compared with the economic results.


In-mould transfer printings are limited, such as surface bending, only on plastic parts, cost higher and print for a small run length of productions. OMR transfer can be transferred to plastic or metal, transfer process accurate register, high quality and tolerance. The current printing market tend to develop personalized, so this study to use digital inkjet printing, through rigorous experimental process and quantitative measurement and comprehensive analysis, summarized the most suitable digital inkjet printing methods and the best quality attributes. In each combination, the samples will be selected to transfer printed products which will be examined for print quality attributes (SID, TVI, PC, colour difference and colour gamut). This study results found that when the higher coverage and the lower pass of inkjet printing, the SIDs will become higher as well. When transferred to ABS, SIDs in each combination will increase. The higher coverage printed, the higher TVI. After transferred into ABS, each combination of PC is worst. When transferred to ABS, colour variances of each combination are different from orange and cyan colour. Through this study, we can get the colour correspondence between the original and the finished product ABS, to establish the personalized service process, to improve the digital inkjet printing and technology application to enhance its product added value, and to provide research results to give back to the printing market. It can bring new opportunities for the industry.


Medical 225Ac/213Bi radionuclide generators are designed to provide a local supply of the short-lived 213Bi for cancer treatment. However, radiation-induced damage to the sorbents commonly used in such radionuclide generators remains a major concern. In this study, the effects of gamma radiation on AG MP-50 cation exchange resin and sulfonated activated carbon (SAC) were studied by analyzing the changes in the morphological characteristics, functional groups, and the La3+/Bi3+ sorption performance, with La3+ being a suitable non-radioactive substitute for Ac3+. The surface sulfonic acid groups of AG MP-50 resin suffered from severe radiation-induced degradation, while the particle morphology was changed markedly after being exposed to absorbed doses of approximately 11 MGy. As a result, the sorption performance of irradiated AG MP-50 for La3+ and Bi3+ was significantly decreased with increasing absorbed doses. In contrast, no apparent changes in acquired morphological characteristics were observed for pristine and irradiated SAC based on SEM and XRD characterization. The surface oxygen content (e.g., O–C
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 O) of irradiated SAC increased for an absorbed dose of 11 MGy due to free radical-induced oxidation. The sorption performance of pristine and irradiated SAC materials for La3+ and Bi3+ remained generally the same at pH values of 1 and 2. Furthermore, the applicability of AG MP-50 and SAC in the 225Ac/213Bi generators was illustrated in terms of their radiolytic stability. This study provides further evidence for the practical implementation of both AG MP-50 and SAC in 225Ac/213Bi radionuclide generators.


Many techniques for code clone detection have been proposed and implemented as clone detectors in the past. These studies show that a result of code clone detection changes drastically for different tools and/or their detection parameters. Therefore, it is important to apply different clone detectors or different parameters and to identify the different or common parts of the obtained detection results. In this paper, we propose a method for comparison and visualization of detection results based on the correspondence of clone pairs. It enables developers to compare detection results by different tools and/or their detection parameters. Using this method, we will show the comparison results of an OSS using two code clone detectors, CCFinderX and NiCad.


The article defines modern trends in user interface design creation, tells about use of augmented reality technology and presents an application for visualization of a virtual object in a real environment using augmented reality technology


In order to determine the influence of the N‐terminal amino group of the dipeptide derivatives H‐Xaa‐Trp [(Nps)‐OMe]Xaa=Lys (2a), Orn (2b), Arg (2c) on their antinociceptive effects, the syntheses of their corresponding deaminated, acetylated and dimethylated analogues have been achieved. Deamino and dimethyl analogues of 2a, b, 6a, b, and 18a, b were prepared by coupling the corresponding Nω‐Z‐ and Nω‐Z‐Nα‐Me2 amino acids with H‐Trp‐OMe, using the DCC/HOSu method, followed by sulfenylation of the resulting compounds and removal of the Z groups. Guanidylation of 6b and 18b provided the arginine analogues 6c and 18c, respectively. Ac‐Xaa‐Trp(Nps)‐OMe Xaa=Lys (11a), Om (11b) were synthesized by acetylation of H‐Xaa (Z)‐Trp (Nps)‐OMe with acetic anhydride, in the presence of 4‐dimethylaminopyridine, and subsequent removal of the Z groups. Coupling of Ac‐Arg‐OH‐HCl with H‐Trp‐OMe, using the DCC/HOSu procedure, followed by sulfenylation of the resulting 8:3 diastereomeric mixture of L, L and L, D dipeptides afforded Ac‐ambo‐Arg‐Trp(Nps)‐OMe 11c+11d. The antinociceptive effects of 6a–c, 11a–d, and 18a–c were evaluated after i.c.v. administration in mice. The Nα‐acetyl dipeptides 11 were found to exhibit a naloxone‐reversible antinociceptive effects comparable with those of 2, while N‐deaminated and N, N ‐ dimethylated analogues were inactive.


Plenary Session #6 was chaired by Dr. Michael O'Connor. This session featured a keynote presentation by Dr. Cynthia McCollough and presentations by Dr. James Conca and Dr. WadeAllison. Thiswas the first of two sessions to address radiation biology needs inmedicine and industry. Abstracts for Drs. McCollough, Conca, and Allison's presentations are given below followed by a brief discussion of these presentations.


PRETRIAL ORDER NO. 2 I. INITIAL CONFERENCE This matter is scheduled for an Initial Case Management Conference on July 9, 2008 at 1:30 p.m. Plaintiffs' Liaison Counsel shall meet and confer in advance with Defense Counsel and shall submit a joint proposed agenda for review by the Court. Such agenda shall be submitted to the Court at least 48 hours prior to the Conference. Counsel shall familiarize themselves with this District's Local Rules, and with the current edition of the Manual for Complex Litigation, which is hereby adopted by the Court for general guidance. The provisions of this order supersede any inconsistent provisions of this District's Local Rules. All time limits for responsive pleadings are suspended until after the Initial Conference at which time the Court will set a deadline for responsive pleadings. All discovery and motion practice is stayed until after the Initial Conference at which time the Court will set a case schedule, with the exception of the issue of a preservation order. II. CASE IDENTIFICATION The purpose of the following instructions is to reduce the time and expense of duplicate filings of documents through the use of a master case, while at the same time not congesting the


Scaffold-based tissue engineering strategies often face the problem of tissues forming only within the periphery layers of the scaffold due to mass transfer issues. In the present study, we attempt to overcome this limitation by incorporating a three-dimensional (3D) interconnected network of channels within the scaffold as part of the fabrication process so as to enhance nutrient delivery and cell migration. A scaffold material with the ability to foam was also used in conjunction with this process in order to produce highly interconnected pores within the scaffold. This article describes the developmental process of an indirect fabrication approach which involves the application of rapid prototyping (RP) technology as well as the use of a foaming scaffold material to produce highly and uniformly porous scaffolds with complex channel architectures. Finally, cytotoxicity assessment confirmed that the multiple steps involved in the fabrication process did not induce toxicity within the scaffold.


Cardiopulmonary involvement is one of the important manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) that tends to be more common in adults than children with SLE. SLE-related cardiopulmonary affection ranges from subclinical to life threatening condition. Although increased left ventricular mass and interstitial lung disease have been reported in association with SLE, the reversibility of such conditions with treatment of SLE was not sufficiently reported. Herein, we describe a female adolescent with SLE and lupus nephritis class III who presented as well with moderate dyspnea, tachycardia in absence of heart failure and hypertension. She had also productive cough of whitish sputum, no fever and both sputum and blood cultures were negative. Her echocardiography revealed left ventricular wall hypertrophy with preserved systolic function, electrocardiogram showed sinus tachycardia. Her pulmonary function tests revealed mild restrictive pattern and high resolution computed tomography revealed veiling of both lungs with increased attenuation and interstitial nodules with bilateral mild pleural effusion. She received full dose prednisone and intravenous monthly cyclophosphamide in addition to intravenous pulsed methylprednislone. She gradually improved with complete resolution of her cardiopulmonary disease and significant reduction of her proteinuria. In conclusion, cardiopulmonary involvement in relation to SLE could be reversible with adequate treatment leaving no residual damage.


The invention provides a colorful big steamed bun stuffed with beef capable of beautifying and bodybuilding and a production method, belonging to the technical field of health food processing. In theinvention, Rhodiola rosea, hawthorn, Chinese date, Chinese wolfberry, longan, radix astragali, liquorice, apricot, tuckahoe, yam, angelica root, dandelion, aloes, gynostemma pentaphylla, ginkgo bilobaleaves, mulberry leaves, jasmine tea, lucid ganoderma, semen cassiae and mulberry are produced into tea capable of beautifying and bodybuilding, and semen coicis, black soya bean, angelica root, dried orange peel, cinnamon, star anise, fennel, pepper, ginger, green onion, five spice powder, cooking wine, refined salt, dark soy sauce, white sugar and water are produced into beef capable of beautifying and bodybuilding, and then flour, leavened dough, tea capable of beautifying and bodybuilding, vegetable oil, sesame oil, refined salt, monosodium glutamate, edible alkali, tomato juice, carrot juice, fresh mashed yam, spirulina, purple cabbage juice, beef capable of beautifying and bodybuilding, cabbage, radish, celery, kidney bean stuffing, onion, carrot and black fungus are produced into the colorful big steamed bun stuffed with beef capable of beautifying and bodybuilding by the book. The product has double effects of eating and health care.


Encapsulated microbubbles (EMBs) were originally developed as contrast agents for ultrasound imaging but are more recently emerging as vehicles for intravenous drug and gene delivery. Ultrasound can excite nonspherical oscillations, or shape modes, that can enhance the acoustic signature of an EMB and also incite rupture, which promotes drug and gene delivery at targeted sites. Therefore, the ability to control shape modes can improve the efficacy of both the diagnosis and treatment mediated by EMBs. This work uses optimal control theory to determine the ultrasound input that maximizes a desired nonspherical EMB response (e.g., to enhance scattering or rupture), while minimizing the total acoustic input in order to enhance patient safety and reduce unwanted side effects. The optimal control problem is applied to a model of an EMB that accounts for small amplitude shape deformations. This model is solved subject to a cost function that maximizes the incidence of rupture or acoustic echo while minimizing the acoustic energy input. The optimal control problem is solved numerically through pseudospectral collocation methods using commercial optimization software. Single frequency and broadband acoustic forcing schemes are explored and compared. The results show that broadband forcing significantly reduces the acoustic effort required to incite EMB rupture relative to single frequency schemes. Furthermore, the acoustic effort required depends strongly on the shape mode that is forced to become unstable.


Ionic conducting thin film amorphous electro- lytes are promising candidates for microelectronics appli- cations. This study presents an investigation into the structure and composition of lithium phosphorus oxynitride (LiPON) thin film electrolyte prepared using radio fre- quency (RF) sputtering on Li3PO4 target. The ionic con- ductivity of LiPON thin films has been dramatically improved by decreasing N2 pressure. X-ray photoelectron spectra (XPS) were used to determine the structure and composition of LiPON thin films. It was found that increasing the N2 pressure during the deposition process resulted in a greatly decreased formation of triply coordi- nated -N\(Nt) as compared to doubly coordinated -N=(Nd) in LiPON thin films. These results indicate that the Nt structural unit plays an important role in the improvement of ionic conductivity as compared to the Nd structural unit. It also shows that PO2N2 tetrahedra with two Nt structural units exist in LiPON thin films at low N2 pressures. Consequently, the improved ionic conductivity of the LiPON thin film deposited at low pressure results from the existence of PO2N2 tetrahedra with two Nt structural units in LiPON thin film. PO2N2 tetrahedra with two Nt structural units provides higher cross-linking density of the glass network and lower electrostatic energy than with two Nd structural units.


High precision polysilicon resistors for analog applications have to fulfil simultaneously requirements for voltage linearity, matching and l/fnoise. It will be shown that these electrical parameters are strongly cross-correlated, despite the quite different physical origins. The cross-correlation will be demonstrated based on a large number of diff erent process conditions and over three technology generations.


Botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) injection is an established therapy for limb spasticity and focal limb dystonia. Comparative benefits of injection guidance procedures have not been rigorously studied.


In December of 1675, in a desperate race with Christiaan Huygens over a patent for a spring-regulated watch, Robert Hooke, FRS (Fellow of the Royal Society of London) characterized the clock maker Thomas Tompion as a 'Slug', a 'Clownish Churlish Dog' and a 'Rascall', because Tompion was making a watch of Hooke's design too slowly for the latter's taste. It was Hooke's watch, not Tompion's; Hooke was the patron and Tompion the client. Fifty years later Tompion's apprentice, George Graham, made watches and clocks and quadrants for other Fellows of the Royal Society, yet these instruments were known as Graham's clocks and Graham's quadrants. Language such as Hooke had used towards Tompion was inconceivable towards Graham; he was a member of the Royal Society's governing body, the Council, and had published several significant papers in the Society's journal, the Philosophical Transactions, in which his testimony on and experiments in astronomy, magnetism, horology and metrology were unquestioned. Yet in the early decades of the eighteenth century one could still go to his shop in London's Strand and buy a watch or a clock from him. Like Tompion, George Graham, FRS was a shopkeeper. Nor was he alone in the eighteenth century, at that supposed bastion of gentlemen, the Royal Society. Nearly two-thirds of the membership had to work for a living in one way or another, some rather grandly as high government officials, senior army officers, clerics with ample livings and physicians and lawyers with large and successful London practices ; others more modestly as sailors, surgeons, apothecaries, schoolteachers, engineers, attorneys and instrument-makers. The latter group included some of the most scientifically eminent members of the Royal Society in the eighteenth century: the sailor James Cook (geography), the printer Benjamin Franklin (electricity), the teacher and preacher Joseph Priestley (chemistry), the instrument-maker and engineer James Watt (chemistry), the musician William Herschel (astronomy), and the silk weaver and optician John Dollond (optics). None of these men were gentlemen (though many of their sons or grandsons became so) yet they made science and were acknowledged to have done so; their papers were published and their best work awarded medals.


In wireless sensor networks,there exists routing loop phenomenon while utilizing GEAR routing protocol to solve the routing hole problem,resulting in more hop counts for packets relaying and waste more network energy.An improved GEAR routing algorithm is presented.Transmitting node broadcasts messages of hole to neighbor nodes while it is a routing hole-node.The neighbor nodes mark the hole nodes and transmitting nodes change the cost value itself,so the impact of hole nodes are avoided and routing loop problem is solved effectively.Simulation results show that the improved routing can reduce hop count for packets relaying,save the network energy consuming,and overcome the drawback of GEAR routing protocol.


Selectivity of standard and narrow trawl codends for the red mullet (Mullus barbatus L., 1758) and annular sea bream (Diplodus annularis L., 1758). The bottom trawl codends (40 mm PE) used in conventional Turkish demersal fisheries has rather poor selectivity. For this reason, the improvements of the codend selectivity in the bottom trawl nets get importance from the point of view to protect of demersal fish stocks. In this study, selectivity properties of standard codend (200 meshes around the circumference) conventionally used in Turkish bottom trawl fisheries and narrow codend (100 meshes instead of 200 meshes around the circumference) had been searched for red mullet (Mullus barbatus) and annular sea bream (Diplodus annularis) in the Aegean Sea. Sea trials were carried out in Izmir Bay between 3rd June and 27th July 2004 on board R/V "Egesuf". Data were collected using the covered codend technique, and analyzed by means of a logistic equation with the maximum likelihood method. For the red mullet, it was shown that the narrow codend (L50=13.9 cm) was higher an average L50 values than the standard codend (L50=11.8 cm). However, there was no significant difference between average L50 values of the codends for the annular sea bream (p>0.05). As a consequence, it was determined that the narrowed codend compared to standard codend provided considerable improvements for the selectivity of red mullet.


Diels–Alder addition of penta-1,3-diene to 3-bromo-4-methylpent-3-en-2-one catalysed by aluminium chloride gave stereoisomeric 4-acetyl-4-bromo-3,5,5-trimethylcyclohexenes (11) and (12), dehydrobromination of which led to 1-acetyl-2,6,6-trimethylcyclohexa-1,3-diene (8). Condensation of this dienone (8) with acetaldehyde and dehydration of the resulting aldol (19) produced β-damascenone (1). The same sequence of reactions on the adduct (5) of penta-1,3-diene and 4-methylpent-3-en-2-one led to δ-damascone (20).Use of copper(I) bromide in dimethylformamide is suggested for cis-dehydrobromination of α-bromo-ketones.


Combinatory strategies with carfilzomib (CFZ), a second‐generation proteasome inhibitor, plus dexamethasone (DEX) with or without lenalidomide (LEN) have shown promising efficacy for patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM) in pivotal clinical trials. However, their effects on patients who were resistance to bortezomib (BTZ) and/or LEN have not been fully evaluated in a daily practice setting.


The paper focuses on the issue of project management education as the tool of positive influence on the success of project implementation in corporate practice. The aim of the authors is to identify the ways of training project managers, project team members and top management members in project management on the basis of interviews with human resources managers of metallurgical companies in the Czech Republic. Based on the findings, recommendations of appropriate measures are formulated at the end of the paper to improve the situation in the area of project management education in metallurgical companies.


The invention discloses a zero power consumption magneto-dependent sensor detection device and method. The device comprises a sensor signal processing circuit, an alternating current magnetic field generator, a liquid crystal display and a standard signal source. The alternating current magnetic field generator has three modes for choice, and a single chip microcomputer and a multi-way comparator are arranged in a sensor signal processing circuit unit. After the single chip microcomputer collects and processes data of the comparator, a result is transmitted to the liquid crystal display to be displayed. The standard signal source is used for calibrating the sensor signal processing circuit unit. After the stimulation magnetic field mode and the processing program are selected in detection, the selected alternating current magnetic field is used for stimulating a sensor. The multi-way comparator compares a pulse signal output by the sensor and converts the pulse signal into a digital signal. The single chip microcomputer scans, collects, processes and analyzes data output by the comparator, and an output result is displayed on the liquid crystal display. The detection process is controlled through the single chip microcomputer, manual operation shortcomings are overcome, and detection efficiency and detection accuracy can be remarkably improved.


Using structural break theory,this paper examines the unit root of Taiwan GDP time series.The results show that Taiwan GDP time series is a trend stationary process with structural break.This means that the structural break changes the data generating progress of variable,influencing on the longtime change of Taiwan GDP forever.By separating the trend component and residual component of the Taiwan GDP time series,the research finds that the structural break is the key factor shaping the Taiwan business cycles.The research finds that there are three business cycles in Taiwan economy in 1952—2006.On the one hand,the world economic climate is the key power shaping Taiwan business cycles.On the other hand,the developing stages of Taiwan economy and the Taiwan economic policies are associated with Taiwan business cycles.


INTERROGATIVES IN BIBLICAL HEBREW A CASE STUDY IN THE JOSEPH NARRATIVE In the light of the present literature on the subject of interrogatives in Biblical Hebrew a new study is necessary. Assessing some of the traditional grammatical approaches to the subject one notices that their presentation is sometimes confusing. The major problem with these presentations is that they do not make a proper distinction between the form (interrogative) and the most usual functions of this type of sentence (question). Thus, although most grammars enable the student to identify an interrogative sentence through surface level criteria, they do not enable the student to identify its many functions (usually functions are only listed without any explicit criteria). Observing the description of interrogatives in other languages one notes that the descriptions are much more clear when form and function are properly identified. In this study we propose to investigate interrogative sentences in their context using a framework that will allow one to identify their functions. Our initial hypothesis is that speech act theory combined with an approach that allows the analysis of text, beyond the boundaries of sentences, can be fruitful. For this purpose we follow the approach of Schiffrin, Approaches to Discourse (1994). Schiffrin combines speech act theory with principles of discourse analysis (analysis of text), allowing other factors (textual and social contexts) to be included in the investigation. In order to verify our hypothesis we apply the framework above to the interrogatives in the Joseph Narrative (Genesis 37 -50). We chose this narrative as sample for the simple fact that it is rich in interrogative sentences and allows one to deal with context more easily. We do not propose to interpret the narrative itself but we only use it to test the initial hypothesis. The findings of the investigation are presented in a final section, where some suggestions are made regarding two aspects: how to approach interrogative sentences in the First Testament and how the subject of interrogatives in Biblical Hebrew should be presented to newcomers. The first suggestion incorporate a series of 'rules-of-thumb' as to how to find out the functions of interrogatives. iii Stellenbosch University https://scholar.sun.ac.za


A seemann composites resin infusion molding process(SCRIMP)and foam stitched technology were developed to prepare Z-dimensional reinforced high-fire-retardant foam sandwich composites and verified to analyze the effects of the process parameters such as raw materials,diversion means,degree of vacuum,resin infusion content on the molding process.The results showed that the uniform resin flow could be realized within the core materials and on the surface layer by controlling the viscosity of resin and the degree of vacuum.Meanwhile,by adjusting the formulation and parameters such as fiber sizing agent,infusion method and resin content,the defects could be avoided and the mechanical performance could be improved substantially.


The oxidation states of Pt(111), Pt(100) and Pt(110) in 0.1 M HF solution were analyzed as a function of the electrode potential by EC-XPS. We have, for the first time, clarified the structural effects on the surface oxidation processes at Pt electrodes on the basis of the coverages of each type of oxygen species.


The Bond between Psychoanalys is, Education, Cinema and Adolescent Experience. In this article, we reflect on some methodological effects for the intervention research with adolescents that come from the encounter between Psychoanalysis, Education and Cinema. In order to do that, we start from the experience Cine na Escola. It is a device through which we offer cinema sessions with the opening of a space for the circulation of words to the adolescents of a public school, located in a region with high rates of violence and vulnerability in our city. Articulating the discussion with Giorgio Agamben's concept of profanation, we propose to profane the utilitarian use of the cinema, evoking the dimension of the new in the adolescent passage.


Unfortunately, dismissals are sometimes necessary in clinical practices. But dismissing an employee inappropriately may get you into legal trouble. This article outlines things to keep in mind while undergoing the procedure


OBJECTIVES
To study the characteristics of the labour course and perinatal prognosis in cases of fetal persistent occiput-transverse position (POTP) and persistent occiput-posterior position (POPP).

METHODS
All the cases, delivered with POTP and POPP in or hospital from Nov, 1995 to July 1996 were analyzed retrospectively.

RESULTS
In abnormal fetal occipital position group, the following indices were significantly higher than those of normal group: fetal macrosomia, uterine inertia, and duration of each labour course. The speed of descending of presentation was obviously slower. The incidence of abnormal labour course was markedly increased. The rate of operative delivery was significantly higher. The total rate of operative delivery was 82.81% in the POTP group, and 92.31% in the POPP group. The incidence fetal hypoxia and neonatal asphyxia was markedly high in the abnormal occiput group.

CONCLUSIONS
The POTP and POPP are major cases of dystocia. If management is unsuitable, perinatal prognosis will be poor.


This paper is a review of the main methods of data collection for pavement condition survey. The context in which this kind of data acquires its relevance is shown, as well as the description of each methodology outlined in the literature. Methods are primarily classified as manual and automated. Technological development has made possible to implement automated systems that meet the requirements for this task. However, the manual methodology currently remains as the most common.


Two methods for calculating eigenvalue sensitivity coefficients in continuous-energy Monte Carlo applications were implemented in the KENO code within the SCALE code package. The methods were used to calculate sensitivity coefficients for several test problems and produced sensitivity coefficients that agreed well with both reference sensitivities and multigroup TSUNAMI-3D sensitivity coefficients. The newly developed CLUTCH method was observed to produce sensitivity coefficients with high figures of merit and a low memory footprint, and both continuous-energy sensitivity methods met or exceeded the accuracy of the multigroup TSUNAMI-3D calculations. (authors)


Detecting automatically a person who needs help in a shopping center represents an unique challenge in computer vision. It lies in the poor quality of images we consider. Our method focuses on consistency of dense optical flow to extract head turns.


Hydrogen is the environmentally friendly fuel and production of hydrogen from biomass, a renewable resources, is an alternative to conventional hydrogen production from petroleum and natural gas. Gasification of biomass represents an efficient way to generate energy with high efficiency and low environmental impacts. In the pyrolysis of biomass, 50-70 wt% of product fraction is the organic fraction/tars that may cause problems in downstream equipment. Catalytic steam reforming process appears promising, because it can convert tar into synthesis gas at the same or even lower temperature than the gasification, which will improves the carbon efficiency and entire process efficiency. Ni-based catalyst received the most attention for industrial applicable steam reforming catalyst. However, easily catalyst deactivation through metal sintering and coke deposition is considered the major challenge to be addressed. Although many efforts have been conducting by modifying the chemical composition of catalyst support or/and by promoting the catalyst with additives, the development in more stable Ni-based catalysts with high resistance to coke deposition and sintering are still required. In this study, catalytic steam reforming of biomass derived-tar (CSRT-biomass) was firstly investigated with the supported transition metal catalysts (Ni/SiO2, Co/SiO2, Fe/SiO2, and Ni/SBA-15). Commercial fume silica was used as SiO2 support, and regular pore size SBA-15 support (avg. pore size: 4.8 nm) was synthesized by a soft template procedure using surfactant (triblock copolymer Pluronic P123; PEO20PPO70PEO20). The supported catalysts were synthesized by a precipitation procedures, and characterized by N2 adsorption-desorption and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The catalytic activity experiment was evaluated in a single-stage fixed-bed reactor (ID = 8 mm × L = 500 mm) under the 50 mL/min of N2 carrier gas flow. In the study of activity of the 10Ni/SiO2, 10Co/SiO2, 10Fe/SiO2 catalysts, 10Ni/SiO2 catalyst showed higher performance than 10Co/SiO2 and 10Fe/SiO2 catalysts. The effect of the metal loading (10 wt%, 20 wt% and 30 wt%) and support (SiO2 and SBA-15) were also examined on Ni/SiO2 and Ni/SBA-15 catalysts. As the results, 20 wt% metal loaded catalysts exhibited higher performance than 10 and 30 wt% loaded catalysts. SBA-15 supported catalysts showed higher activity than SiO2 supported catalysts. For the development of a more stable Ni-based catalyst with high resistance in carbon deposition and sintering, modification of the Ni/SBA-15 catalyst was attempted by adding MnOx to Ni metal. Additionally, modification on SBA-15 support and catalyst preparation technique were also attempted. Large pore size SBA-15 (avg. pore size: 7.66 nm) was synthesized and used as a catalyst support in order to reduce mass transfer resistance. Catalyst were synthesized via ethylene glycol (EG) assisted impregnation technique. The catalytic activities of the Ni-MnOx/SBA-15 catalysts were evaluated by a two-stage fixed-bed reactor system in order to separately control the pyrolysis bed and the catalyst bed. Large pore SBA-15 (avg. pore size: 7.66 nm) supported Ni, MnOx, and Ni-MnOx catalysts were prepared via ethylene glycol (EG) assisted impregnation technique. The catalysts were characterized by N2 adsorption-desorption, XRD, transmission electron


Objectives: To better understand the relationship between added sugars intake and diet quality, and to estimate associations between added sugars intake with all-cause mortality Methods: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey III data were linked to mortality data (1988-2006), among 13,902 US adults between ages 18-74 yr having energy intake within 500-3500calories for women and 800-4000 calories for men, no history of a heart attack, stroke, or congestive heart failure. Usual intake of added sugars and energy were estimated using the NCI method and categorized into gender-specific quartiles. Diet quality was assessed using the Healthy Eating Index 2005 score (HEI-2005). Associations between added sugars intake and mortality were estimated using Cox proportional hazards regression adjusting for age, race/ethnicity, body mass index (BMI), and usual total energy intake after testing for multiplicative interaction by each of these covariates. Results: Mean intake of added sugar was 17.2 (95% Confid...


Preface Today, more and more business applications are being designed to run in distributed computing environments. In these environments, data replication is a key to effectively distributing and sharing information. It is a fast and reliable way to disseminate and consolidate information to and from multiple locations. Furthermore, enterprise information systems become increasingly heterogeneous, with a growing number of diverse platforms and database systems. Data replication solutions need to address these requirements for heterogeneous support. This paper examines the major commercial replication designs. Based on IBM's DataPropagator solution, a new true heterogeneous architecture will be proposed, including a prototypical implementation. Section 1 gives an introduction to the main concepts of heterogeneous repli-cation. Section 2 examines a selection of four commercial replication products.


Background: Cancer has many potential physical, psychological and social consequences for the patient. This single case study explored the efficiency of mindfulness therapy with the aid of virtual reality (VR) focusing on minimizing anxiety especially death anxiety in a patient with cerebellar cancer. Methods: In this case study research the patient met and consulted 3 times in the first week, and the aim of these meetings was to break the patient's resistance through meditation and psychological treatment. After that, 8 sessions each one 2 hours were planned at the patient's home. In the second week, a subsidiary device called VR (large eye crystal capable of playing 3D film) was used as a method to assist the patient. Results: The data collected from the pre/posttest of Beck anxiety showed significant progress in blood pressure, heart rate and body temperature, and increased up to its normal levels. In addition, the sense of satisfaction expressed by the patient during the sessions was noticeably significant. Conclusion: According to results mindfulness therapy by VR with a focus on anxiety reduction as a complementary therapy has remarkable efficacy on improving quality of life in the cancer patient.


A study was conducted on calcium chloride treatments of canned okra acidified by adding either acetic, citric, lactic, malic or tartaric acids or by lactic fermentation. The quality of the processed okra was determined by physical, chemical, microbiological and sensory analyses after a two month storage period at room temperature. The results indicated the possibility of processing high quality canned okra by small canneries, with low cost equipment and low energy requirements. The acidification procedures ensure minimal risk of botulism.


David Laing summarises the information given to him by John Riddell about the daughters of King James I. There are several discrepancies in surviving records about the names, order of birth and marriages of James I's six daughters, which the author attempts to reconcile. He also provides details from primary sources of the princesses' characters and achievements.


Transient loss of consciousness (TLOC) is a common emergent neurological issue, which can be attributed to syncope, epileptic seizures, and psychogenic nonepileptic seizures. The purpose of this article is to outline an approach to diagnosing the most common etiologies of TLOC by focusing on the importance of the history and physical examination, as well as targeted diagnostic tests.


The authors consider a neoclassical growth model with risky investment projects in which a borrower's (an investor's) risk type is private information. Their innovation is to determine jointly the equilibrium loan contract and the economy's growth path and the steady state capital stock. The authors show that as capital accumulates, credit rationing may fall as an increasing number of lenders choose to acquire costly information to separate borrowers as to type. This transition from credit rationing to screening in turn results in a higher capital accumulation path and a higher steady state capital stock. They also investigate the effects of a decrease in the cost of information on the economy's capital accumulation path and steady state capital stock. The authors show that the cost of information must fall below a threshold level before the economy moves from a credit rationing equilibrium to a screening one. Thus a threshold must be crossed before the steady state capital stock is increased with a decrease in the cost of information. Copyright 1997 by Ohio State University Press.


A chartered accountant by qualification, Mahalingam began his career as an IT consultant and, thereafter, played a major role in marketing TCS' services across the globe, developing processes and creating large software development centers for the company. As an early starter in the Indian IT industry, he has played a key role in helping TCS become a $10.17 billion global company with over 238,583 employees.


Abstract This paper examines the effect of EPA's dramatic 1991 increase in the penalties associated with violations of hazardous waste regulations on firm compliance. Although data from EPA's RCRA Information System show an increase in detected violations after the penalty change, once inspection levels are incorporated into the analysis through a censored bivariate probit model I find that violations have decreased since the penalty change. However, the decrease in violations appears small relative to the increase in recommended penalty levels. I also find evidence that the likelihoods of inspection and compliance vary significantly across regions.


Politics Is about Relationship: A Blueprint for the Citizens' Century. By Harold H. Saunders London: Palgrave Macmillan, 2005. 256 pp., $35.00 (ISBN: 1-4039-7145-5).

Politics Is about Relationship , by Harold H. Saunders, is an important book that draws from and contributes to a wide range of literatures relating to politics. It does not fit neatly into the conventional domains of international relations theory or policy. Rather, it bears on many such domains, including the conduct of foreign relations, civil–government relations, foreign policy analysis (FPA), political theory, and conflict resolution. In the book, Saunders presents a relational paradigm that better represents contemporary global realities than the "realist" paradigm of international affairs. His new paradigm is based on the following premise:

Politics, as presented in this book, is about relationships among significant clusters of citizens to solve problems in a cumulative, multilevel, and open-ended process of continuous interaction over time in whole bodies politic across permeable borders, either within or between communities or countries (p. 47).

In the first part of Politics Is about Relationship , Saunders explicates each of the critical terms of the paradigm. Thus, "relationship" refers to a complex of five components: identity, interests, power, perceptions, and patterns of interaction. Each of these terms is given a broad set of meanings. For example, "power" depends not only on the ability of one party to coerce another to yield to its will but also on the nature of their relationship and how that can be changed as people interact in various ways. Interests, too, are broadly understood to include those that arise from interdependence and therefore are the basis for cooperation.

In …


A method for evaluating the likelihood that an individual not smoking, apparently healthy, benefit from treatment with an agent for reducing risk of a cardiovascular disorder associated with atherosclerotic disease, wherein the agent is selected from the group consisting of antiinflammatory and antiplatelet comprising: obtaining a level of C-reactive protein in a blood sample taken from the individual, wherein said level of C-reactive protein compared to a value of 1.75 mg / l of blood is indicative of whether the individual will benefit from treatment with said agent, and characterizing whether the individual is likely to benefit from said treatment based on said comparison.


In this paper, we introduce an energy-efficient opportunistic interference alignment (OIA) scheme that greatly improves the sum-rates in multi-cell uplink networks. Each user employs optimal transmit vector design and power control in the sense of minimizing the amount of generated interference to other-cell base stations while satisfying a required signal quality. As our main result, it is shown that owing to the reduced interference level, the proposed OIA schemes attains larger sum-rates than those of OIA with no power control for almost all signal-to-noise ratio regions. In addition, when both zero-forcing and minimum mean square error (MMSE) detectors are employed at the receiver along with the OIA scheme, it is shown that the OIA scheme with MMSE detection shows superior performance.


The article reveals the content of teacher training to the formation and development of cognitive activity pupils determined the effect of virtual physical experiment on the course of these processes, the recommendations for the design educational process focused on the development of cognitive activity of pupils.


The results of an experimental investigation of turbulent rectangular jets offset from a free surface are presented. Two rectangular jets of aspect ratio 2 and 4 were examined and the results were compared to a square jet at the same offset height ratio of h/De ≈ 2.7, where De is the circle-equivalent diameter of the nozzle. A particle image velocimetry (PIV) was used to measure the mean flow and turbulent characteristics at a Reynolds number of 7900 and a Froude number of 1.29. The results indicate significant enhancements in the jet spreading rate and mean streamwise velocity decay rate for the larger aspect ratio nozzles. The results reveal that the jet-free surface interaction had a greater impact on the mean surface-normal velocity than the mean streamwise velocity. The values of the turbulence intensities, Reynolds shear stress and structure parameter were found to be nearly independent of the nozzle aspect ratio. Surface mean velocity and turbulence intensities were also measured to characterize th...


[Objective] To investigate the genotype frequencies of P22phox and PPAR-γ genes and their interactive effect on coronary heart disease(CHD). [Methods] 151 patients with CHD and 254 controls were genotyped for the P22phox C242T and PPAR-γ C161T polymorphism by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism(PCR-RFLP)analysis. Logistic regression was used to control potential confounders in multivariate analyses. [Results] In all subjects,the frequencies of C and T alleles in P22phox gene are 92.72% and 7.28% respectively. Compared with CC genotype,individuals with CT+TT have decreased risk of CHD(OR=0.45,95%CI:0.23-0.87). For PPAR-γ gene,TT genotype frequency in control group is significantly higher than that in CHD group(24.01% Vs 15.23%,P0.05). Compared with CC genotype,subjects with TT genotype has decreasing risk of CHD(Adjusted OR=0.49,95%CI:0.25-0.98). Individuals with genotype CT+TT of P22phox and genotype CT of PPAR-γ have decreased risk of CHD(Adjusted OR=0.24,95%CI:0.07-0.85,P0.05). [Conclusion] Individuals with genotype CT+TT of P22phox and genotype CT of PPAR-γ have decreased risk of CHD.


This paper examines the multi-dimensional efficiency of the Islamic banking sector and its determinants, including the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic. To do that, we use a novel approach of two-stage data envelopment analysis (DEA) double frontiers to evaluate the overall efficiency of 79 Islamic banks across 16 countries (2005–2020). In the first-stage analysis, we found that the Islamic banking sector experienced an increasing trend in its efficiency and performance, even during the recent pandemic, although it varied across banks and countries. Our empirical results of the second-stage analysis further showed that economic development can help countries both withstand the recent pandemic and improve the efficiency and performance of their (Islamic) banking system. This, in turn, could help speed up the recovery process of the global economy. Since there is evidence that the Islamic banking sector is resilient to the COVID-19 pandemic, it is expected that this sector will be a driving force of such recovery.


: The qualities of black cotton soil is which stays poor specialty with steep slapping and shrinkage soil stabilization is the process in which improving the properties of black cotton soil and it is making for stable soil thus we should perform stabilizer of soil past utility for cement FA and lime addition of BC soil suitable proportion this paper expresses a learning of the cement lime and fly ash as the stabilizers in improving of BC soil .this experimental test are Atterberg limit ,standard proctor test and unconfined compression strength (UCS) test the percentages of cement and lime used in B.C soil varied from 3 % to 12 % and fly ash used in BC soil varies from 12 % and 36 % .


Understanding what makes a highly-qualified science teacher requires careful research on teacher education programs. Existing research pertaining to secondary science preservice teachers (PSTs) is limited in the areas of: (a) mastery of subject matter knowledge; (b) evolving teaching self-efficacy, and (c) inquiry-based enacted curricular practices. We studied each issue over the course of an intensive, 14-month, graduate teacher certification program for practicing scientists and recent science graduates. First, we asked if there was a relationship between amount of content area undergraduate coursework and performance (GPA in core content courses) and found an expected, yet preliminary, connection between higher undergraduate GPA and fewer retained science misconceptions. Second, we surveyed pre- and post-program teaching self-efficacy beliefs in classroom management, instructional practices and student engagement; our analysis indicates a positive change over time on two of the three scales, and a reasonably large effect size. Finally, classroom inquiry-based instructional factors showed improvement as PSTs gained experience through student teaching and in their first year teaching science (fall and spring comparisons) over each 5-month period. We also present qualitative sub-studies of teacher self-efficacy and use of classroom discourse by PSTs as typical examples of issues faced by new science teachers.


The cutoff frequencies of E and H-modes of empty and plasma filled toroidal waveguides are evaluated. The effects of space curvature and plasma density on cutoff frequencies for both modes are investigated. Using a suitable variable change, a scalar wave equation in the direction of propagation was obtained. The study indicates that the curvature in the direction of wave propagation in toroidal waveguide has an analogous effect as a straight waveguide filled with anisotropic media. The Rayleigh-Schrodinger perturbation method was employed to solve for cutoff frequencies in the first order of approximation. In the limit of small space curvature, the toroidal waveguide cutoff frequencies for both E and H-modes approach those of TM and TE modes of empty cylindrical waveguide with a radius equal to toroidal waveguide minor radius. The analysis shows that the curvature in the direction of propagation in toroidal waveguides leads to the removal of the degeneracy between E and H-modes.


Objective:to observe the effects of a novel membrane targeted complememt regulator on renal function after rat kidney transplantation.Methods:Donor kidneys were perfused with APT070, APT898, peptides, and Collins solution before isograft kidney transplantation. Renal functions were measured 1. 7 days after transplantation.Results:Renal functions were significantly improved by perfusing donor kidney with APT070, P0.05. Conclusion:APT070, a novel membrane targeted complement regulator can prevent ischemia/reperfusion injury and facilitate short term renal function in rat isograft model.


Author(s): Everson, Michael | Abstract: This is a proposal to encode the Ol Chiki script in the international character encoding standard Unicode. The script was published in Unicode Standard version 5.1 in March 2008. The Ol Chiki script is also known as Ol Cemet', Ol Ciki, or Ol. It was devised in the first half of the 20c to write Santali, a language spoken in India.


The 13C NMR spectra of eight triterpenes are recorded and all carbon shifts have been assigned. The data are in agreement with the structures assigned to the rare lupanediol, lup-20(29)-ene-3α,23-diol, and other lupane triterpenes isolated from the Sri Lankan Glochidion species (Euphorbiaceae). The 13C NMR data of some triterpenes, aleuritolic acid derivatives and taraxerane derivatives are compared.


ABSTRACT Purpose Behavior studies have found that exercise addiction is associated with high impulsivity. In other addictions, neural mechanisms of impulsivity reflect abnormalities in the reward and inhibition systems. In this study, we determined whether abnormalities existed in the reward and inhibition systems of exercise addicts. Methods Three groups of male participants (15 exercise addicts, 18 regular exercisers, and 16 exercise avoiders) completed the Mini International Personality Item Pool (Mini-IPIP), the classic go/no-go task, and the exercise-related go/no-go task. Event-related potentials (ERP) were recorded during the go/no-go tasks, and correctly performed trials were analyzed. Results Exercise addicts scored lower for extraversion and higher for neuroticism, reflecting a poor capacity for emotional regulation and impulse control, and had larger N2 and P3d amplitudes during the exercise-related go/no-go task. Exercise addicts and exercise avoiders demonstrated impaired accuracy in the exercise-related go/no-go task and had larger N2 amplitudes compared with regular exercisers during the letter–digit go/no-go task. Exercise addicts and regular exercisers showed larger Go-N1 and Go-P2 amplitudes compared with exercise avoiders during the exercise-related go/no-go task. Exercisers (exercise addicts and regular exercisers) demonstrated higher activation in response to exercise-related stimuli as reflected by larger N1 and P2, and addicts (exercise addicts) demonstrated poorer inhibition as reflected by larger N2 and P3d amplitudes. Go-N1 and Go-P2 were significantly correlated with no-go accuracy in exercise-related task. Conclusions Exercise addicts scored higher for the neuroticism personality trait and exhibited overactivation of the reward system and underactivation of the inhibition system. Overactivation of the reward system may be related to long-term exposure to exercise. Underactivation of the inhibition system may be a crucial factor in exercise addiction.


The invention relates to a high-efficiency condenser of a refrigerator. The condenser comprises a condenser support, wherein a zigzag-shaped slewing condenser tube is arranged in the condenser support, and simultaneously the top of the zigzag-shaped slewing condenser tube is provided with a coolant circulating guide-in end; and the bottom of the zigzag-shaped slewing condenser tube is provided with a coolant circulating guide-out end. Moreover, the coolant in the zigzag-shaped slewing condenser tube flows in a direction from the coolant circulating guide-in end to the coolant circulating guide-out end, and flows from top to bottom. Therefore, through the special construction of the zigzag-shaped slewing condenser tube, smooth flow of the coolant from top to bottom is realized. Compared with the prior art, the high-efficiency condenser of the refrigerator provided by the invention can be used for effectively reducing the disorder flow of the coolant, decreasing the resistance force borne by the coolant, improving the refrigerating effect of the refrigerator and reducing the energy consumption.


Printed electronics makes possible to produce flexible electronic connections using printing techniques. This causes that printed items can be applied even on corrugated surfaces without any damages or changes in their properties. However, it is necessary to elaborate new materials which exhibited high flexibility. According to the results of investigations described in the literature nanomaterials, especially carbon nanotubes, allow to increase flexibility of printed layers. In the study, polymer nanocomposites for screen printed electronic interconnections were investigated. Carbon nanotubes, carbon nanofibres and silver nanopowder were used as fillers for elaborating of conductive pastes. Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), poly(methyl methacrylate)-poly(butyl methacrylate) (PMMA-PBMA) or conductive polymer PEDOT:PSS were applied as a carrier which was dissolved in an organic solvent butyl carbitol acetate. Elaborated polymer nanocomposites were printed on flexible substrate, like foil or paper. The resistance of specimens made with the paste with silver nanopowder was the lowest achieved value (below 100 mΩ/□). For the other pastes, it was equal significantly to above 150 Ω/□ and changed depending on a number of printed layers. The printed layers were also evaluated in terms of their durability to mechanical stresses. The smallest increase (2.65 %) in sheet resistance after 1000 bending cycles was observed for the layer printed with the paste containing silver nanopowder.


A mullite/SiC composite ceramic was sintered. Four point bend tests were conducted according to JIS standard. Semi-elliptical surface crack of 100 or 200μm in diameter was made on the specimen. For four kinds of specimens (asreceived, heal treated, pre-cracked and heal treated cracked), crack healing behavior and high temperature strength were tested systematically. The main conclusions were obtained as follows: (a) Mullite/SiC composite ceramic has ability to heal crack. (b) Best healing condition was found to be 1300°C, in air for 1h. (c) Maximum crack size to be healed is semi-elliptical crack of 100μm in diameter. (d) Crack healed part has enough strength up to 1100°C and most specimen failed outside the pre-cracked zone and healed crack is not sensitive to static fatigue.


Background: Sex hormones are associated with obesity, diabetes mellitus, and other stroke risk factors; however, studies on sex hormones and stroke risk report inconsistent results. We assessed the...


Objective To investigate the antiproliferation effect and its mechanism of thalidomide on breast cancer cells in vitro.Methods (1)The influence of thalidomide on apoptotisis and cell cycle were detected in treated cells by FCM assay.(2)The effect of thalidomide on expression of VEGF mRNA in human breast cancer cell lines was determined by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) method.Results (1)Apoptotic cells were found in treated cells,the breast cancer cell presented the second period of G1 in the DNA histogram of FCM.(2)Thalidomide inhibited the level of VEGF mRNA expression.Conclusion The inducement apoptotic and inhibition the level of VEGF mRNA expression were the mechanisms of thalidomide on antiproliferation in breast cancer cell lines.


PURPOSE:To automatically sound required music by automatically loading data concerning a musical tone waveform corresponding to musical tone getting the sounding instruction on a memory when these data are not stored in the memory. CONSTITUTION:When a music selecting key is operated, it is discriminated whether musical tone waveform data MW corresponding to tone number data TN in play information PM corresponding to music selection are stored in a musical tone waveform memory 16 or not after regenerative music number data CSN is changed. When those data are not stored, the musical tone waveform data MW are loaded from a musical tone waveform stock memory 12 to the musical tone waveform memory 16.


Title: The physical education teachers' participative preferences in their professional activity. Abstract: Nowadays the collaborative learning environments have been promoted by the physical education teachers as the best way for decreas- ing teaching problems independently of teachers' personal achievements. The aim of the present study was to develop a scale for physical education teachers about social interactions preferences in the workplace environ- ment. Based on the scale GR developed by Ruiz et al. (2010), the multi- sample confirmatory factor analysis was used to assess the equivalence measure between years of experience and gender. The participants were 1413 Spanish physical education teachers. The final scale was composed of the 4 initial dimensions: cooperation, competition, individualization, and affiliation. The four dimensions accounted for 66.43% of the total vari- ance, and showed high values of internal consistency. Also, the results pointed out a strict factorial invariance. Finally, the results showed that the more experienced teachers prefer individualized and competitive work- place environments than the less experienced ones, and on the other hand, men's teachers were more individualistic and competitive compared with women's teachers whom prefer cooperative orientations in the workplace environment.


The equivalence between a six-dimensional stochastic classical scalar field theory and the corresponding four-dimensional quantum field theory has been shown to stem from a hidden supersymmetry of the former. This has led to a formulation of the quantum theory in an eight-dimensional superspace with six commuting and two anticommuting coordinates. This formalism is generalized to include gauge and fermionic field theories.


An indirect sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,usingantibody covalently coupled tonylon beads, hasbeenadapted forthedetection ofBrucella antigens. Optimumconditions were achieved byincubation of1mlofreaction mixture witha single bead, andbyminimizing nonspecific interactions through theuse ofbeadscoated withpurified bovine antibodies, preabsorption ofthird layer rabbit antibodies withnormal bovine serum,andtreatment ofbeadswith normal goatserumbefore addition ofthegoatanti-rabbit enzyme conjugate. Betagalactosidase was selected forusewithclinical samples primarily because oflow levels ofendogenous enzyme inbovine leukocytes. Useofafluorogenic substrate enhanced sensitivity 20-fold. Underthese conditions, 100fgofsolubilized crude lipopolysaccharide or8to10Brucella cells was detectable inafixed volume of1 ml.A systemwas alsodevised forconcentrating antigen whichpermitted ready detection of2pgoflipopolysaccharide inavolume of50ml(40fg/ml). Attempts to


Wave propagation through dispersive media represents a significant problem in many acoustic applications, especially in ocean acoustics, seismology, and nondestructive evaluation. In this paper we propose a propagation model that can easily represent many classes of dispersive waves and proceed to develop the model-based solution to the wave processing problem. It is shown that the underlying wave system is nonlinear and time-variable requiring a recursive processor. Thus the general solution to the model-based dispersive wave enhancement problem is developed using a Bayesian maximum a posteriori (MAP) approach and shown to lead to the recursive, nonlinear extended Kalman filter (EKF) processor. The problem of internal wave estimation is cast within this framework. The specific processor is developed and applied to data synthesized by a sophisticated simulator demonstrating the feasibility of this approach.